Å 


Wi 
26 5 SG 


Wa 


fed 3 
EN Calg 
JØRGEN UN oe 


i 
dad 


Val Fat Z NI = 


oe 


Site 


\ 


TS 


PTE dn, 


Fag 
p 


- 
t 
: 
‘ 


= 
ean 


k * -- 
— - 
y 


| 
| 
| 


EE eee 


i 


EE md na tnt 


Re eS 
a hå] 


| 
| ¢~ å 
| . q 
| “ 
| | 
I i > 3 | 
rf 
% 
i å 
i 
’ a 
| på , 
å ham > 
nn, ex. i 
: ee 
Å if 
| 
| 
| 
| å | 
| 
1 ( | 
4 
| 
| | 
| 
| h | 
| i | 
| = 
Å 
{ 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
i 
| 
| N 
i 
> å “i 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
+ 
i 
} i 6 
| å 
| 7 
I 
| 
på + å 2 tå ) 
3 
q 


SS SS eS SSS 


Se 
eee 


Sap aie od 


DEN NORSKE NORDHAVS-EXPEDITION 


1876—18738. 


SPONGLAD 


VED 


Ah, 


G. ARMAUER HANSEN. 


MED 7 PLANCHER OG 1 KART. 


> kN > 


CHRISTIANIA. 


GRØNDAHL & SONS BOGTRYKKERI. 
1885. 


| 
| 
i r 
på 
¥ 
Fi 
iy 
Be 
HE 
2 Vy 
in 
ran 
4 “a 
1 
| 
ie 2 
| 
| 


==" EE Ne mm - - - === —— SSS = m—— ——2-—>o 
= — = en came EEE TE EE si A SA Se pe em 


THE NORWEGIAN NORTH-ATLANTIC EXPEDITION 
870 i878. 


BY 


G. ARMAUER HANSEN, M. D. 


2r60 


WITH 7 PLATES AND [I MAP. 


4 


CEERISTIANIA. 


PRINTED BY GRØNDAHL & SØN. 
1885. 


<= 
; 
ae 


| 
| 
i 
i 


es 


EE was SE fp ee Sa 


Sy ge Svampe vare opbevarede paa, Alkohol; nogle faa 


vare indtørrede paa Grund af Karrenes mindre fuld- 
stændige Lukning og Alkoholens deraf følgende Fordamp- 
ning. Paa en hel Del Etiketter er Paaskriften skeet med 
Anilin-Blæk, saa den for Tiden er ulæselig, og det er for- 
gjæves forsøgt at fremkalde denne igjen ved forskjellige 
Midler. Følgen heraf er, at Findestedet ikke kan angives 
for en hel Del af de beskrevne Svampe. 


Hvorvel Svampene 1 det Hele er vel konserverede, har 
det dog ikke været mig muligt af en eneste at faa Præpa- 
rater, paa hvilke jeg kunde faa Rede paa Kanalsystem, 
eller overhovedet paa Bløddelenes Struktur. Det eneste 
Holdepunkt for Svampenes Bestemmelse har derfor været 
Kiselnaalenes Form og Anordning. Den ydre Form giver, 
som bekjendt hos disse Dyr, kun i ganske faa Tilfælde 
mere eller mindre paalidelige Holdepunkter.  Kiselnaalenes 
Form og Anordning synes derimod at maatte kunne bruges 
som Grundlag for en systematisk Inddeling. Det her be- 
handlede Antal Svampe er imidlertid for lidet til at grund- 
legee et System paa, og jeg indskrænker mig derfor til at 
ordne Materialet efter Kiselnaalenes Form, og vil jeg, hvor 
det har lykkets mig at identificere en Form med en allerede 
tidligere beskrevet, benytte dennes Navn. 


Det er ellers i Regelen yderst vanskeligt, for ikke at 
sige umuligt, at kunne henføre noget af de undersøgte Dyr 
til en allerede beskreven Form, specielt gjælder dette de 


af Bowerbank beskrevne; indenfor den samme Slægt fore- 


kommer hos ham saa forskjellige Kiselnaaleformer, og 
samme Naaleformer findes hos forskjellige Slægter, saa det 
bliver aldeles umuligt efter Naaleformerne alene at finde 
frem i Bowerbanks System. Og heller ikke er Bowerbanks 
øvrige Karakteristik af Slegterne af den Beskaffenhed, at 
man kan finde sig tilrette ved Hjælp af samme, og jeg 
har derfor ganske maattet opgive at finde Rede i Bower- 
banks System. Om to Svampe har sine ens spids-spidse 
Naale ens anordnede, men der hos den ene af dem til 
disse Naale kommer en anden Sort, saa bliver det et 
Spørgsmaal, om Anordningen eller Naaleformerne skal an- 
sees som det væsentligste til at karakterisere Slægten, og 


Den norske Nordhavsexpedition. G. A. Hanssen: Spongiadæ. 


ll of the sponges were preserved in alchohol; a small 

number of them were shrunk, however, owing to the 
incomplete closing of the vessel that contained them, and 
consequent evaporation of the alchohol. The superserip- 
tion on a large number of the distinguishing labels 
had been effected with Aniline ink, and these labels 
show, now, no trace of superscription, although several 
means have, subsequently, been attempted, in vain, to 
recall the writing. In consequence of this, it has become 
impossible, now, to state the habitat of a large number of 
the sponges. | 

Although, upon the whole, the sponges have been 
well preserved, it has not been possible, for me, to obtain 
preparations from a single one of them, in which I could 
trace out the canal system or, generally, the structure of 
the soft parts. The only definite feature, therefore, for 
the discrimination of the sponges, has been the form and 
arrangement of the siliceous spicules. As is known, the 
external form of these animals gives, in only quite a few 
cases, more or less trustworthy distinguishing characteristics. 
Upon the other hand, the form and arrangement of the 
siliceous spicules appear as if they might be used as a 
basis for a systematic classification. The number of sponges 
treated of in this report is too small, however, to establish 
a system upon, and I confine myself, therefore, to: arranging 
the material according to the form of the siliceous spicules, 
and where it has been possible, for me, to identify a form 
with one already previously described, I will make use of 
the designation of that one. 

It is, usually, however, extremely difficult, if not absol- 
utely impossible, to assign any of the animals investigated, 
to a form previously described, and this is specially the 
case in regard to those described by Bowerbank. In his 
works we meet, included in the same genus, such divergent 
forms of spicules; whilst, also, we find the same spicular 
form in different genera; that it becomes quite impossible 
to trace out a path in Bowerbank’s system, solely, by the 
spicular form. Neither are Bowerbank’s other generic 
characteristics of such a nature, that we can see our way 
by the aid they afford, and I have, therefore, been obliged 
to relinquish the hope of assistance from Bowerbank’s 
system. When two sponges have their uniform acuate spic- 
ules similarly disposed, and when to these spicules there 
is, in one of them, added, also, another kind, it becomes, 
then, a question, whether the disposition of the spicules, or 

1 


sj 
q 
| 
} 
= 
| 


RJ ØKE NG Oe 


1 denne Henseende har Bowerbank, saavidt jeg kan skjønne, 
neppe nok ladet Naaleformerne faa en tilstrækkelig Veet. 


Oskar Schmidt forekommer mig ogsaa at lægge for 
megen Vægt paa Svampenes Bløddele og øvrige Bygning i 
Forhold til Naalenes Form; jeg har nemlig ikke kunnet 
finde noget karakteristisk i de undersøgte Svampes Bløddele; 
Sarkoden har jeg fundet dels uden enhver Antydning til 
Differentiering, dels tilsyneladende traadet, meget lignende 
et fibrillært Bindevæv; ved Hjælp af Karmin finder man i 
Sarkoden temmelig talrige smaa runde Kjerner, der imid- 
lertid ikke bidrager til at give Sarkoden nogen bestemt 
Karakter, og det har derfor været mig umuligt i Sarko- 
dens Beskaffenhed at kunne finde noget, der kunde tjene 
til at karakterisere Svampene. Jeg er derfor kommet til 
det Resultat, at alene Naaleformerne kan bruges til at 
karakterisere Svampene; og det forekommer mig, at man i 
Hæckels Behandling af Kalksvampene har det Forbillede, 
hvorefter man burde rette sig ved Inddelingen af Kisel- 
svampene. XKiselnaalene er det eneste ialfald nogenledes 
konstante Formelement, der kan tjene til et Grundlag for 
en systematisk Inddeling. Om man, ved at benytte den, 
ogsaa vilde faa et naturligt System, derom tør jeg ingen 
Mening have; men jeg tror for sikkert at kunne antage, 
at man ved deres Hjælp vilde kunne faa et System, i hvil- 
ket det lod sig gjøre at finde sig tilrette med nogenledes 
Lethed; og dette maa, efter min Mening, ansees som det 
foreløbige Desideratum. 
teriale, jeg har havt under Behandling, neppe stort nok 
til at danne Grundlag for en systematisk Ordning af disse 
mangfoldigtformede Dyr, og jeg indskrænker mig derfor til 


Som allerede nævnt er det Ma- 


at ordne dem og beskrive dem efter deres Naaleformer, det 
eneste, hvori jeg har fundet et Holdepunkt. 


Det tør vel hænde, at jeg kommer til at beskrive 
allerede kjendte Former under nye Navne; men da det 
Gebet, hvorfra disse Svampe er opfisket, er et hidtil saa- 
godtsom aldeles uudforsket, saa tør det vel ogsaa hænde, 
at Mesteparten af de fundne Dyr virkelig ere nye for Vi- 
denskaben. 

Til Betegnelse af Naaleformerne benytter jeg mig af 
de af Dr. Vosmaer angivne Formler). 

Svampenes ydre Form kan neppe spille nogen Rolle 
for deres systematiske Inddeling, men kan kanske delvis 
benyttes til Adskillelse af Arterne. Spiklernes Anordning 
forekommer mig ogsaa mestendels at spille en underordnet 
Rolle, hvorvel den for visse Formers vedkommende synes 
at være temmelig gjennemgaaende ens. 

Jeg begynder med Svampe med Naaleformel ac? 


aims ©. al. Vosmaer: 
St enographie i Tijdsschrift der nederlandsche dierkundige vereinigung. 
Deel V. 1881. 


Versuch einer spongiologischen 


their form, should be considered as the most material, in the 
characterisation of the genus, and in this respect Bower- 
bank has, so far as I can gather, scarcely laid sufficient 
stress upon the form of the spicules. 

It also appears to me, that Oskar Schmidt lays too 
much stress upon the soft parts, and the other structure 
of the sponges, in relation to the spicular form. I have, 
for instance, not been able to find any characteristics in 
the soft parts of the sponges investigated; but have found 
the sarcode to be, partly, without any indications of differ- 
entiation, and partly, apparently, very similar to a fibril- 
lous connective-tissue. With the assistance of carmine, 
there is found in the sarcode, rather numerous, small round 
nuclei, which do not, however, contribute to give the sarcode 
any definite character, and it has been impossible, for me, 
therefore, to find in the nature of the sarcode, anything 
which would serve to characterise the sponges. I have come 
to the conclusion, therefore, that the form of the spicules 
can, alone, be used to characterise the sponges ; and it appears 
to me, that in Heeckel’s treatment of the calcareous sponges 
we have, the prototype upon which we ought to proceed 
in the classification of the siliceous sponges. The siliceous 
spicules are, at all events, the only, somewhat constant 
form-element, which can serve as a basis for a systematic 
classification. Whether, by its use, we would also obtain a 
natural system; I cannot venture to expréss an opinion 


upon; bnt I think, I may, certainly, assume, that with its 


aid, we might obtain a system, in which it was possible to 
find our way with some degree of ease, and in my opinion 
this must be considered to be the preliminary desideratum. 
As already mentioned, the material which I have had 
under investigation is scarcely sufficient to form the basis 
of a systematic arrangement of these, so multitudinously 
formed, animals, and I confine myself, therefore, to classify 
and describe them, according to the form of the spicules, 
this being the only point which I have found to be charac- 
teristic. 

It may happen, perhaps, that I come to describe, 
under new designations, forms already known, but as the 
field from which these sponges have been obtained, is one 
that, hitherto, has been almost entirely uninvestigated, it 
may also, therefore, well happen, that the greater part of 
the animals found, are really new to science. 

To indicate the spicular form, I make use of the 
formule given by Dr. Vosmaer?. 

The external form of the sponges can scarcely play any 
part in their systematic arrangement, but can perhaps be used, 
partially, in the distinguishing of the species. The arrange- 
ment of the spicules appears, to me, also, to play, principally, 
a secondary part, although, in regard to certain forms, it 
appears to be tolerably uniform throughout. 

I commence with sponges having spicules of the form 


, | ! 

Dr. G. C. T. Vosmaer: Versuch einer spongiologisehen 
Stenographie i Tijdsschrift der nederlandsche dierkundige vereinigune. 
Deel V. 1881. 


eller ac’ sp. Da jeg nu i den ældre Svampeliteratur ikke 
kan finde Svampe med denne Naaleformel samlede under 
et Navn og heller ikke anser mig berettiget til at danne 
et nyt Navn, samler jeg dem under Navnet Reniera, 0. 
Schmidt, der synes mig at være den Slægt, hvorunder de 
med størst Ret kan indordnes. Den først omhandlede har 
imidlertid allerede faaet et eget Slægtnavn og er saa vel 
kjendt under dette, at jeg opfører den under samme Navn. 


Stylocordyle boreale, Lovén. 


Exemplarerne er af meget forskjellig Størrelse; Stil- 
ken er paa nogle Exemplarer 1,5”” tyk og Hovedet 1,5 
langt og 1” i Gjennemsnit; de mindste, fra Station 18, 
har en 1,5 til 2,0 lang Stilk og et 3—4”” langt Hoved. 
Der forekommer baade den af Lovén som Hyalonema borealis 
opførte Form med et Osculum midt paa Hovedets øvre 
Flade, og den af G. 0. Sars som Hyalonema longissima 
beskrevne Form med Osculum i Randen af samme Flade: 
men jeg er ikke istand til at finde nogen Forskjel mellem 
dem. 


Jeg har ikke hos nogen tundet den af Sars beskrevne 
og afbildede Opdrivning midt paa Naalen med Forgrening 
af Axekanalen, og jeg antager derfor, at denne Naaleform 
neppe kan være andet end Udtryk for en lokal Variation 
og ikke tilstrækkelig til at begrunde en Artsforskjel. 


Findested. 
Station 18, 33, 40, 283, 312. 


Reniera simplex, n. sp. 


En pereformig Sek paa en temmelig lang Stilk; 
blød og løs i sin Struktur. Sarkoden bestaar af grøn- 
ligtfarvede Klumper, i hvilken der i. alle Retninger gaar 
Naalebundter; samtlige Naale er ac?, let krummede. Tab. 
ioe Oe 02- Nb VI Fie 1 


Findested. 


Station 255. 2 Exemplarer. 


ac* or ac? sp. Ås, however, I have not found in the’ 
older works relating to sponges; sponges with this spicular 
formula, collected under one designation; and I do not 
consider myself entitled to form a new designation; I have 


collected them under the designation Reniera (O. Schmidt) 


which appears, to me, to be the genus to which they can 
with most show of reason be assigned. The first one 
treated of has, however, already, obtained a generic designation 
of its own, and is so well known by it, that I present it 
under the same name. 


Stylocordyle boreale, Lovén. 


The specimens are of very various size; in a few ot 
them, the stem is 1.5”” thick, and the head is 1.5” long 
and 1.0” in diameter. The smallest specimen; (from station 
No. 18) has a stem 1.5 to 2.0 in length, and a head 
3 to 47” in length. Both, the form specified by Lovén 
as Hyalonema borealis, with an osculum in the mesial 
part of the superior surface of the head; and the form 
described by G. O. Sars, as Hyalonema longissima, 
with an osculum in the margin of the same surface; 
occur, but I am unable to find any difference between 
them. 

I have not been able to find, in any of them, the 
bulbous tumefaction in the middle of the spicule, with the 
ramification of the axis-canal, which has been described 
and illustrated by Sars; and I, therefore, presume, that this 
spicular form can scarcely be anything else than the 
expression of a local variety; and insufficient to form the 
basis of a specific variety. 


Habitat. 
Stations No. 18, 33, 40, 283, 312. 


Reniera simplex, n. sp. 


A pyriform bag, seated on a rather long stem; in 
structure, very soft and loose. The sarcode consists ot 
ereenish coloured lumps, in which, spicular fasciculi proceed 
in all directions. All of the spicules are ac?, slightly 
curved: Pit Sei Asean). 


Habitat. 


Station No. 255. 2 specimens. 


Set =a = EE de 
KE AE EEE PE 


Reniera oblonga, n. sp. 


Svagt gultfarvede pølseformige Svampe med en ujevn 
hullet og toppet Overflade, der kun indeholder ac, let 
krummede Naale, der krydse hinanden i alle Retninger. 


wale hie 509 Tab: VI, Fig, 9. 


Findested. 
Station ukjendt. 


Reniera velamentosa, n. sp. 


En aflang, brun Svamp, meget løs i sin Bygning, 
med en Axe af noget fastere Konsistents, fra hvilken 
der udgaar Bjelker til en meget tynd Overfladehinde, i 
hvilken der findes talrige Aabninger i et Net af ac? Naale. 
Der findes i hele Svampen kun saadanne Naale. Tab. I 
Pelmosab VI Fie, 3. 


7 


Findested. 
Station 262. 


Reniera tubulosa, n. sp. 


Et Brudstykke af en Svamp, en Plade, paa hvilken 
der sidder 5 Rør af 2—3% Længde; da disse Rør aabne 
sig paa Underfladen af Pladen, ser det ud, som om denne 
kun var en Del af en større Væg, der kunde have om- 
sluttet en større Hulhed, ind i hvilken Rørene har havt 
sin Udmunding, idet disse sidste rimeligvis har været Svam- 
pens Oscula. Det bringer en til at tænke paa Rev. Nor- 
manns Beskrivelse af Oceanapia Jeffreysti*; men der findes 
i vort Brudstykke ingen bihamate Spikler, kun ac? Naale. 
Papua Fie 12 og Tab. VI, Fis;-4, 


Findested. 
Station I. 


Reniera membranacea, nv. sp. 


Et temmelig stort, tyndt, gjennemskinnende Blad med 
hvidlige, toppede Fortykkelser. Det dannes af ac? sy. 
Naale, der ligger temmelig tæt pakkede og krydser hinanden i 


1 A Monograph of the British Spongiadæ, Bowerbank. Vol. 


IV. påg. 171. 


Reniera oblonga, n. sp. 


Faint-yellow coloured, sausage shaped sponge, with 
an uneven, conically pitted surface, which contains only, 
ac? spicules, slightly curved, and intersecting each other | 


(Pl. IL, fig. 5, PI. VI, fig. 2). 


in all directions. 


Habitat. 


No record. 


Reniera velamentosa, n. sp. 


An oblong, brown coloured sponge; very loose in 
structure, and having an axis of somewhat firmer consistency, 
from which rods proceed to a very thin superficial mem- 
brane, in which numerous apertures forming a reticulation 
composed of ac? spicules occur. Only such spicules are to 
be found in the entire sponge. (Pl. I, fig. 10, Pl. VI, fig. 3). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 262. 


Reniera tubulosa, n. sp. 


A fragment of a sponge, consisting of a plate upon 
which there are seated 5 tubes, measuring 2 to 3% in 
length. As these tubes debouch on the inferior surface of 
the plate, it appears, as if the fragment was only a portion 
of a larger wall which may have enclosed a larger cavity 


«mm which the tubes have had their discharge; as they have, 


presumably, been the oscula of the sponge. This causes 
one to reflect on the Rev. A. M. Norman’s description of 
Oceanapia Jeffreysti *; but in our fragment, no bihamate 
spicules are found, only ac? spicules being visible de 
me ØRL VES fe 4 


Habitat. 
Station No. 1. 


Reniera membranacea, n. sp. 


Å rather large, thin, translucent and soft sponge, with 
whitish conical tumefactions. It is formed of ac? sp. spicules, 
which are placed, pretty closely packed together, and inter- 


1 


A Monograph of the British Npongiadæ, Bowerbank. Vol 
IV pasta, | 


Nl alle Retninger; de hvidlige Fortykkelser ere smaa Pyramider, 

Mh der er opbyggede af samme Sort Naale og paa hvis Spidse 

ih der ingen Aabning kan opdages; muligens har Svampen 
| 


ved Hjælp af disse været fæstet til sit Underlag. Tab. I, 
Fig. 11 og Tab. VI, Fig. 12. 


Findested. 
Station ukjendt. 


De følgende Dyr har istedetfor Naale af Formelen 
ac? saadanne med Formelen frac, altsaa stumpe i den 
ene Ende og spidse i den anden. - De burde derfor kanske 
rettest opføres under et andet Slagtnavn end de foregaaende; 

men da der blandt de af Oskar Schmidt under Reniera 
beskrevne Dyr findes Former med stump-spidse saavelsom 
med spids-spidse Naale, saa beholder jeg dette Slægtsnavn 
ogsaa for disse Former. 


Reniera digitata, nu. sp. 


En Svamp med fem lappeformige Forgreninger fra en 
fælles Stilk, temmelig blød og løs i Strukturen, har kun 
trac Naale, dels rette, dels krummede, enkelte dobbelt 
krummede. Tab. I, Fig. 5. 


Findested. 
Station 260. 


Reniera nivea, n. sp. 


Dels enkle Personer, dels Samlinger af saadanne paa 
tynde Plader; de enkelte Svampe er aflange, tildels pære- 
formige, dels eylinderformede, nogle aabenmundede, andre 
lukkede for Enden. NSækkens Vægge har en Tykkelse af 
omtrent 0,57”, og inde i en af dem fandtes en kornet 
Masse, 1 hvilken der forekom spredte Kiselnaale, medens 
de andre var tomme. Væggene dannes af parallelt gaaende 
tykkere Naalebundter, udenpaa hvilke der findes tvertgaaende 
Naalebundter i nogenledes regelmæssige Afstande fra hin- 
anden, men forresten krydsende hinanden under mere eller 
mindre spidse Vinkler. I de af disse Naale dannede Ma- 
sker findes Huller, der gjennembore hele Væggen. Ytterst 
findes et Lag af korte Naale, der staar perpendikulært 


secting each other in all directions. The whitish tume- 
factions are small pyramids, constructed of the same kind 
of spicules, and upon whose points no aperture can be 
detected. The sponge has, possibly, been attached by 
means of these to its original support. (PI. I, fig. 11 


Pl. VI, fig. 12). 


Habitat. 


No record 


The following animals, instead of having spicules 
resembling the formula ac?, have spicules according to the 
formula trac, or blunt at the one extremity and acuate at 
the other extremity. They ought, therefore, perhaps, with 
mostshow of reason, to be classified under another generic 
designation than the preceeding ones, but, as amongst those 
animals deseribed by Oskar Schmidt under the designation 
Renera, there are found forms of spicules with blunted 
points, as well as with acuate points, I have retained this 
generic designation, also, for these animals. 


Reniera digitata, n. sp. 


A sponge having five lobate branches proceeding 
from one common stem; rather soft and loose in its struc- 
ture. It has spicules of the formula frac only; partly 
straight, partly, in single curves, and partly, with a few 
spicules having double curves (Pl. I, fig. 5). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 260. 


Reniera nivea, n. sp. 


Occasionally, isolated individuals, occasionally, collec- 
tions of them, upon thin plates. The isolated sponges are 
oblong, partly, pyriform, and partly, cylindrical: a few are 
open-mouthed, whilst others, again, are closed at the extrem- 
ities. The walls of the bag have a thickness of about 
0.57”. and contained in one of the bags was found, a granular 
mass, in which scattered siliceous spicules appeared, whilst 
the others were empty. The walls are formed of parallel, 
thickish spicular fasciculi, outside of which, transversal spic- 
ular fasciculi are found, placed at somewhat regular inter- 
vals from each other, but, otherwise, intersecting each other 
at more or less acute angles. In the reticulation formed 
by these spicules; perforations occur, which completely pene- 


I 
å 
} 
4 
4 
I 
Gi 


paa de underliggende. Samtlige Naale er trac eller trac: 
disse sidste findes dog kun i ringe Antal. Tab. I, Fig. 6. 


Findested. 
Station ukjendt. 


Reniera palescens, n. sp. 


Kn vifteformig, lysgraa, liden Svamp, i hvilken der 
kun findes trac Naale, Mesteparten mere eller mindre 
krummede, enkelte rent bueformige. Tab. I, Fig. 2. 


Findested. 
Station 8. 


Reniera dubia, n. sp. 


En brun, klumpet, blød Svamp, der sidder paa en 
Qeulinastok. Den indeholder kun trac, tr°2 og enkelte 
ac* Naale. De afstumpede Ender af Naalene er dels afrun- 
dede, dels tvert afskaarne og i begge Tilfælde forsynede 
med smaa Tagger. Tab. II, Fig. 1 og Tab. VI, Fig. 7. 


Finder 
Station 270. 


Reniera infundibiliformis, n. sp. 


Tragtformige Bægere, der sidder fæstede paa en 
Algestilk, meget løse i Bygningen, bestaar af et aabent 
Net af trac Naale, dels rette, dels svagt krummede. Der 
fandtes en enkelt tr? og en fr%c Naal. Tab. I, Fig. 
og bao, VI-Fie tL 


Findested. 
Station 201. 


trate the walls of the meshes. Quite on the outside, there 
is found, a layer of short spicules, which is placed, per- 
pendicularly, upon the subjacent one.. All the spicules are 
according to the formula trac or tr°ac. The last, however, 
are only found in small numbers (PI. I, fig. 6). 


- Habitat. 


No record. 


Reniera palescens, n. sp. 


A fan-shaped, light-grey coloured, sponge; in which, 
spicules according to the formula trac are alone found, | 
the Sreater part of them being, more or less curved; a few 
purely arcuate (Pl. I, fig. 2). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 8. 


Reniera dubia, n. sp. 


A brown coloured, lumpy, soft sponge, seated on an 
oculina stalk. It contains only trac, tr°2, and a few ac? 
spicules. The blunted extremities of the spicules are partly | 
rounded, and partly, truncated, and in both cases, they are | 
furnished with small aculeæ (Pl. II, fig. 1, Pl. VI, fig. 7). | 


Habitat. I 
‘Station No. 270. 


Reniera infundibiliformis, n. sp. 


Funnel-shaped chalices, situated upon an alga stem; 
very loose in structure, and consisting of an open reticula- 
tion of trac spicules, partly, straight, partly, gently curved. 
A solitary tr? and a tr®ac spicule was found (Phebe sia 
Pie 


Habitat. 


Station No. 201. 


Reniera complicata, n. sp. 


En lysgraa Svamp, tilsyneladende grenet, men snarere 
bladet, en sammenhængende flad Masse, paa hvilken der 
findes fremstaaende Kanter eller Blade paa begge Flader. 
Naalene er samtlige Stavnaale, men af temmelig forskjellig 
Form; dels ac? tynde rette, bøiede eller mangfoldigt krum- 
mede, dels trac, temmelig tykke og svagt bøiede, dels 
ty”, ‘ligeledes tykke og svagt bøiede og endelig tr°ac og 
trac, tynde, rette og almindeligt forsynede med en eller 
to kugle- eller halvkugleformige Opdrivninger. Tab. I, Fig. 
cmoen lap. VI, Fie. 8, 


Findested. 
Station 84. 


Reniera inflata, n. sp. 


En liden hvid Svamp, der danner en Blære paa en 
hul Stilk; Blæren ved sin øvre Ende besat med flere koniske, 
hule Papiller, lukkede for Enden. Blærens saavelsom Stil- 
kens og Papillernes Vægge opbyggede af tr? Naale, der 
krydse hinanden under omtrent rette Vinkler. Tab. I, Fig. 4. 


Findested. 


Station ukjendt. 


De nu følgende Svampe, som jeg henregner til Sub- 
eritidæ, har samtlige Spikler af Formelen tr°ac og kun 
saadanne. Jeg begynder med før beskrevne Former. 


Radiella sol, O. Schmidt. 


Trichostemma hemisphåricum, G. O. Sars. 


Halicnemia hemisphårica, Marenz. 


Oscar Schmidt har allerede gjort opmærksom paa, at 
hans Radiella sol er identisk med Sars’s Trichostemma 
hemisphericum. — Efter Schmidts Beskrivelse og Figur i 
hans ,,Atlant. Spongien“ skulde man neppe tro dette; men 


Bergens Museum har faaet et Exemplar af Radiella sol 


fra Smithsonian Institution og ved at undersøge dette har 
jeg kunnet overbevise mig om, at begge Former virkelig 
er identiske. Fra Expeditionen foreligger der et Exemplar, 
der i Størrelse fuldkomment svarer til det amerikanske, 
medens Mesteparten er meget større. At identificere den 


Reniera complicata, n. sp. 


Å light-grey coloured sponge, apparently branchy, 
but really rather leafy; a continuous flat mass, upon 
both of whose surfaces, protuberant edges, or leaves are found. 
All the spicules are rod-spicules, but of rather =diver- 
sent form; partly ac? spicules, which are thin, straight, 
curved, or corrugated; partly trac which are pretty thick 
and gently curved; partly tr? also thick, and gently curved; 
and finally, tr°ac and trac spicules, thin, straight, and 
usually, furnished with one or two spherical or semi- 
spherical protuberances (PI. I, fig. 8, Pl. VI, fig. 8). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 84. 


Reniera inflata, n. sp. 


A small white sponge, forming a vesicle upon a hollow 
stem. The superior extremity of the vesicle is beset, with 
several conical hollow papillæ closed at the extremity. 
The walls of the stem, papillæ, and vesicle, are composed of 
fr? spicules, which intersect each other at, nearly, right 
angles (Pl. I, fig. 4). 


Habitat. 


No record. 


The sponges which now follow, I have assigned to 
the Suberitide. Their spicules are all according to the 
formula tr°ac; and these alone: I commence with forms 
previously known and described. 


Radiella sol, O. Schmidt. 


Trichostemma hemisphericum, G. O. Sars. 
Halicnemia hemispherica, Marenz. © 


Oscar Schmidt has, already, called attention to the 
fact, that his Radzella sol is identical with Sar’s Trichostemma 
hemisphericum. According to Schmidt’s description, and the 
illustration given in his ,Atlant. Spongien*, this seems 
scarcely credible; but the Bergen Museum has obtained 
a specimen of Radzella sol from the Smithsonian Institution, 
and after investigating it, I have been able to satisfy my- 
self that both of these forms are, really, identical. 

During the Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition, one 
specimen was obtained, which in. size, quite corresponds 


ee ee eee a a EEE nt 


Tid 


med Bowerbanks Halicnemia, som Marenzeller gjør, gaar 
derimod ikke an, hvis jeg skal dømme efter et Præparat 
af Spiklerne af Halicnemia patera, som jeg har faaet af 
Revd, A. M. Normann. 


| | Findested. 
Station 29, 260, 323. 


Rinalda uberrima, O. Schmidt. 


Af denne Form er der fanget en Masse Exemplarer 
af meget forskjellig Størrelse, som det kan sees af Tab. VI, 
Fig. 19. Jeg henfører til denne Form en Svamp, som er 
atbildet Tab. VI, Fig. 10, skjønt den ikke besidder saa 
store Papiller som de øvrige Exemplarer, men dens Byg- 
ning forresten er ganske den samme som hos Rinalda, idet 
den har en tynd, 1—2”” tyk Skorpe af lysere Farve end 
Resten af Svampen, og som dannes af tætstaaende korte og 
tynde trac Naale (se Tab. I, Fig. 1). 


Naalene ere for Størstedelen trac, ikke tr°ac som 
hos de øvrige Exemplarer af Rinalda; men der findes dog 
Overgangsformer til tr°ac, som det kan sees af Tab. I, 
Fig. 1, ligesom der hos Rinalda findes trac Naale og 
lignende Overgangsformer, som det kan sees af Tab. IT, Fig. 8. 


Findested. 
Station 286. 


Thecophora semisuberites, O. Schmidt. 
Thecophora elongata, Marenz. 


Ss ibla, W. Thomson. 


Af denne Form er der ogsaa fanget en stor Mengde, 
og der findes alle Overgange mellem den at Marenzeller 
som Th. elongata opførte Form og den sædvanlige Th. 
semisuberites. I de mindste Exemplarer, der ere konisk 
tilspidsede, findes kun en -Antydning til en Pudedannelse, 
idet der oppe i Spidsen findes en Del smaa Naale, der dog 
ikke danne noget sammenhængende Lag, men ligge spredt 
inde mellem de spidse Ender af de lange Naale. I lidt 
større Exemplarer findes allerede et tydeligt Lag af smaa 
Naale for Enden af Svampen. 


W. Thomsons Th. ibla skiller sig fra Th. semisuberites 
kun derved, at de smaa Naale, der danne Puden, staar 


with the American specimen, whilst, the others are much 
larger. To identify Radiella sol with Bowerbank’s Halic- 
nemia as Maranzeller has done, is however, not possible, if 
I may judge from a preparation of the spicules of Halic- 
nemia patera which I have obtained from the Revd, A. M. 
Norman. 


Habitat. 
Stations No. 29, 260, 323. 


Rinalda uberrima, O. Schmidt. 


Of this form, there has been obtained a large number 
of specimens, of very various size, as may be seen from 
Bl VI Fig. 19,0 To this form iy also, assis 20 sponte 
which is illustrated Pl. VI, fig. 10, although it does not 
possess such large papillæ as the other speciméns, but 
its structure, otherwise, is the same as in Rinalda, in so 
far, that it has a thin 1—97” thick crust of lighter colour 
than the rest of the sponge, formed of elosely-set, short. 
thin spicules of the trac formula (vide PI. I, fig. 1). 

Most of the spicules are trac, and not tr%ac as in 


the rest of the specimens of Rinalda; but there are, also, 


found transition-forms towards the tr°ac formula, as may 
be seen in Pl. I, fig. 1; whilst, also, in Rinalda, there are 
found trac spicules and similar transition-forms, as may be 
Sect mest hails ote. Se 


Habitat. 
Station No. 286. 


Thecophora semisuberites, O. Schmidt. 
Thecophora elongata, Marenz. 
— ibla, W. Thomson. 


Of this form, a large number has also been obtained, 
and there are found, all transition-forms between the 
form Th. elongata, established by Marenzeller, and the usual 
form of Th. semisuberites. In the smallest specimens, which 
also, are conically acuminated, there is found, only an indi- 
cation of a terminal cortical layer, in as much as, that up at 
the point, there is found a number of small spicules, which 
do not, however, form a continuous layer, but are found 
situated, dispersed between the acuate extremities of the 
long spicules. In the larger specimens, there is already found, 
a distinct layer of small spicules at the extremity of the 
sponge. | 
W. Thomson’s Th. ibla differs from Th. semisuberites, 
only, in this, viz. that the small spicules which form the 


> 


Oat == REE 


al N 
hey sammen 1 Bundter, hvad der foranlediger, at Puden ser ud, cortical layer are placed together in fasciculi, and this 
| a som om den var dannet af smaa Papiller, medens den hos imparts to it, the appearance of being formed of small Å 
if pr, : ; Å Å å å I aN 
Å Th. semisuberites er glat. papillæ whilst, in Th. semisuberites it is smooth. 
Findested. Habitat. | 
Stauon 29, 35, 125, 205, 257, 290, 299. Stations INOS, 29, 35, 125, 19051257 20010290 
Polymastia penicillus, (Mont) Vosm. Polymastia penicillus, (Mont) Vosm. 
Vosmaer har i ,,Niederl. Archiv får Zoologi, Supple- In ,Niederl. Archiv fir Zoologi, Supplementband I*, i 
mentband I* givet en udførlig Beskrivelse af denne Art Vosmaer has given a detailed description of this species, 

' med Figurer, hvorfor jeg ikke indlader mig paa nærmere accompanied by illustrations; and for this reason, I do not, 
jap 5 ; ; ; ; ; 
| at karakterisere den. De indfangede Exemplarer er meget here, more minutély, characterise it. The specimens col- 
nn 


store, 7—8” i Gjennemsnit. 


Findested. 
Station 267? 


Spikelanordningen hos denne Art er nu akkurat den 
samme som hos de ovenfor nævnte Arter, størst er imid- 
lertid Ligheden med Radzella sol, og det er visselig urigtigt 
at give disse Dyr forskjellige Slægtsnavne. Vilde man til- 
dele Konsistentsen nogen Veet som Slegtskarakter, kunde 
man henføre Polymastia penicillus og Radiella sol til en 
Sleet, Rimalda uberrima og Thecophora semisuberites til en 
anden. Men alle har: de som fælles Kjendemærker, at de 
kun besidde tr°ac Naale og at disse er saaledes anordnede, 
at der i den ydre Skorpe findes kortere og tyndere Naale 
palisadeformigt anordnede og indenfor findes de længere 
Naale i radiært udstraalende Bundter, der kun naar ud 
til Skorpens indre Begrændsning eller som hos Polymastia 
tildels gjennembore denne. 


Der findes endnu nogle Svampe, der kun har frac 
Naale, men hos hvem Naalenes Anordning er en anden 
end hos de ovenfor opregnede og som jeg opfører under 
Navnet Suberites. 


Suberites alveus, n. sp. 


En liden Svamp af Form som en Bikube, med en 
Naalekrands rundt Basis (Tab. II, Fig. 3, a). Paa Gjen- 
nemsnittet sees en lysere Corticalmasse at omgive en brunt- 
farvet Centralmasse og midt paa Basalfladen sees en lys- 
farvet Tap (Fig. 3, b). Denne Tap og hele Corticalmassen 
forresten er dannet af lange tr°ac Naale. Disse Naale 
ligger langs hele den konvexe Flade tæt pakkede og til- 
nærmelsesvis parallele; dog er hele Overfladen fint bustet 


‘Den norske Nordhavsexpedition. G. A. Hanssen: Spongiadæ. 


ee ee 


lected are very large, being 7—8” in diameter. 


Habitat. 
Station No. 267? 


In this species, the spicular arrangement is very 
similar to that of the previously named species; the sim- 
ilarity is, however, greatest in the case of Radiella sol, and 
it is, certainly, incorrect to assign to these animals different 
generic designations. If we place reliance upon the con- 
sistency as a generic characteristic, we might assign Poly- 
mastia pemicillus and Radiella sol to one genus, and Rinalda 
uberrima and Thecophora semisuberites to another. But, 
all of them have, as a common distinguishing feature, 
only, frac spicules, and these arranged in such manner, 
that in the exterior crust, {shorter and slenderer spicules 
are arranged in form of a palisade, and inside these again, 
the longer spicules are found, placed in radiating fasciculi 
which extend, only, to the inner margin of the crust, or, 
partially, penetrate it, as in Polymastia. 

There are also found, yet, a few sponges which have 
only tr°ac spicules, but in which the arrangement of the 
spicules is dissimilar from that found in the above-named; 
and these, I have ranked under the designation Suberites. 


Suberites alveus, n. sp. 


A small sponge of bee-hive shape, having a spicular 
wreath around the base (PI. II, fig. 3, a). The sectional 
aspect shows, a light coloured cortical mass, surrounding 
a brown coloured central substance, and in the middle of 
the basal surface, a light-coloured prominence (Ee ines 
3, 6). This prominence as well as, also, the whole of the 
cortical mass, otherwise, is formed of long trac spicules. 
These spicules are placed along the entire convex surface, 


2 


EN NN DØ NG 


~ \ 8 


ved fremragende Spidser af Naalene (Tab. IT, Fig. 3, ¢). Paa 
Basis er Naalene anordnede i Bundter, der med sine Baser 
rage ind i den centrale grøntfarvede Sarkodemasse, medens 
Naalene divergere og rage frit frem paa Underfladen; mel- 
lem disse Naalebundter findes smækrere Naale, der udfylde 
Rummene mellem Bundterne (Tab. IT, Fig. 3, c). Naalens 
Form sees af Tab. II, Fig. 3, d. 


Findested. 
Station 205. 


Suberites conica, n. sp. 


En liden hvid Svamp, der sidder fastvoxet paa et 
Brudstykke af en Serpulaskal; den har samme Form som 
den foregaaende, men ingen Spikelkrands omkring Basis. 
Dens Centralmasse er gulbrun og skinner igjennem det 
farveløse Corticallag. Denne dannes udelukkende af 
ac f Spikler med temmelig varierende Form af Naalenes 
Hoveder (Tab. IT, Fig. 6). Den gulbrune Centralmasse 
er gjennemsat af lignende Naale. 


Findested. 
Station 205. 


Suberites incrustans, n. sp. 


En tynd, brunlig Skorpe, fastsiddende paa en Sten; 
Overfladen dannes af en Række tætpakkede korte Knappe- 
naale, medens disse indenfor er længere og tykkere og 
ligge samlede i Bundter uden nogen bestemt Anordning 


(Taba, Fig, 10 Tabs VI Fie: 13); 


Findested. 
Station 79. 


Suberites radians, n. sp. 


En liden, flad, rund Svamp med en Krands af Spik- 
ler langs Randen, har 1 sit Ydre megen Lighed med 
Kadiella sol, men Anordningen af Spiklerne er en anden, 
idet de hos denne er ordnede som hos Sub.alveus; Spikel- 
bundterne straale ud fra den konvexe Overflade og paa 


and are, closely, set together; nearly parallel; but still, 
the surface has a finely hispid appearance, caused by 
the projecting points of the spicules (PI. IL, fig. 3, 0). 
At the base, the spicules are placed in fasciculi, and their 
bases project into the central green-coloured sarcodal 
substance, whilst the spicules become divergent, and project, 
freely, forward on the inferior surface. Between these spic- 
ular fasciculi, thinner spicules are also found, occupying 
the spaces between the fasciculi (PI. II, fig. 3, c), The 
form of the spicules is seen in Pl, II, fig. 3, d. 


Habitat. 
Station No. 205. 


Suberites conica, n. sp. 


A small white sponge, which is seated upon and is 
firmly adherent to a fragment of the shell of a serpula 
It has. the same form as the preceding one, but without 
the spicular wreath around the base. It’s central sub- 
stance, or mass, is yellowish-brown in colour, and appears 
visible through the colourless cortical layer. This is formed, 
exclusively, of tr°ac f spicules, with rather varying forms 
of spicular heads (Pl. II, fig. 6). The yellowish-brown 
central substance is, also, occupied by similar spicules, which 
intersect it throughout. | 


Habitat. 
Station No. 205. 


Suberites incrustans, n. sp. 


Å thin, brownish crust, firmly seated on å stone. The 
surface is formed of a series of closely packed, short, pin-shaped 
spicules; whilst interiorly, these are longer and thicker, and 
occur collected in fasciculi, without, however, any definite 
regularity of arrangement (Pl. II, fig. 10, Pl. VI, fig. 13). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 79. 


Suberites radians, n. sp. 


A small, flat, round sponge, with a wreath of spicules 
along its margin. In outward appearance, it much resembles 
Radiella sol, but its spicular arrangement is different, in so 
far, that in this specimen, the arrangement is like that of 
Sub. alveus. The spicular fasciculi radiate from the convex 


11 


Basis findes et Lag af kortere Spikler, hvis Spidser rager 
frit ud paa Underfladen og langs Randen er lengere end 
forresten paa Underfladen og saaledes danne Spikelkrandsen 
langs Randen (Tab. IT, Fig. 7). 


Findested. 
Station ukjendt. 


Suberites glabra, n. sp. 


En langagtig, rund Stilk, der kun bestaar af tr°ac 
Naale, som danner et Maskeværk uden bestemt Anordning 
at Maskerne. I Overfladen sidder kortere Naale perpen- 
dikulært paa samme (Tab. IT, Fig. 9). 


Findested. 


Station ukjendt. 


Desmacidinæ. 


Ligeoverfor disse Svampe er jeg 1 stor Forlegenhed, 
da jeg ikke med Sikkerhed ved at henføre de forskjellige 
Former til de af Vosmaer! opstillede Genera. Jeg be- 
gynder med nogle Svampe, som jeg antager hører til 


Myxailla. 


Myxilla exigua, n. sp. 


Et tyndt, hvidhet Lag paa Skallen af en bivalv 
(Terebratula?); det bestaar af et forvirret Net af trac og 
trac sp. Naale, mellem hvilke der findes talrige anc-anc, 3 


(Tab. IL, Fig. 2). 


Findested. 
Station ukjendt. | 


1 Vosmaer: The family of the Desmacidine. — Notes from the 
Leyden Museum. Vol. II, 1879. 


surface, and at the base, there is found a layer of shorter 
spicules, whose points, freely, project on the inferior surface 
and along the margin, in which last named situation they are 
longer than on the inferior surface, otherwise, and produce, 
thus, spicular wreaths along the margin (PI. IL, Fig. 7). 


Habitat. 


No record. 


Suberites glabra, n. sp. 


An elongate, round stem, which is composed, exclus- 
ively, of tr°ac spicules, forming a reticulation without any 
definite regularity of the meshes. On the surface, short 
spicules appear, placed perpendicularly in it (PL. IL, 
Mey" 9), 


Habitat. 


No record. 


Desmacidine. 


In regard to these sponges, I find myself in a great 
difficulty; because, I do not see my way, clearly, to ‘assign 


with certainty, the various forms. to the genera established 


by Vosmaer!. I commence with a few sponges. which I 
suppose to pertain to Myxilla. 


Myxilla exigua, n. sp. 


A thin, whitish layer, on the shell of a bivalve (Tere- 
bratula?). It consists of a confused reticulation of trac 
and trac sp. spicules, between which numerous anc-anc 3, 
spicules appear (Pl. IL, fig. 2). 


Habitat. 


No record. 


1 Vosmaer. The family of the Desmacidine. — Notes from the 
Leyden Museum. Vol. IL, 1879. 


ees 


VÆRST ua 
ENE EE MD 


Myxilla grisea, n. sp. 


En flad, grenet, lysegraa Svamp (Tab. VI, Fig. 9), 
der foruden anc? 3 Spikler kun har glatte Spikler, dels 
tynde tr?, dels tykke, tr? og trac Spikler. De to sidst- 
nævnte Former er lidt krummede erd Fe 3) 


Findested. 
Station 84. 


Myxilla brunnea, n. sp. 


En stor, bladdannet Svamp af brun Farve (Tab. VI, 
Fig. 5), der har en hul Overflade. Den har ingen faste 
Fibre (keratode Fibre). Saavidt det kunde iagttages, be- 
stod dens Spikler af ac* sp. og tr? sp. svagt krummede, 
desuden anc? 3 (Tab. III, Fig. 1 A), 


Findested. 
Station 275. 


Myxilla flabelliformis, n. sp. 


Ogsaa et stort, vifteformigt Blad, men af graa Farve 
(Tab. VI, Fig. 6). Heller ikke det har nogen faste 
(keratode) Fibre. Dets Spikler ere ac? og anc? 3 (Tab. 
IL, Fig. 14). 


Findested. 
Station 359. 


Jeg har betegnet de to følgende Svampe Sclerilla, og 
ved at gjøre dette lagt Vægt paa Spiklerne alene uden at 
skjænke Schmidts Sarkode-Membran og Fibre nogen Op- 
mærksomhed. 


Sclerilla arctica, n. sp. 


En graafarvet, flad Kage med runde Kanter, noget 
aflang og forsynet 1 den ene Ende med en fragmenter 
Overflade, der kunde synes at vise, at den har siddet paa 
en tynd Stilk (Tab. VI, Fig. 15). Den bestaar af Bundter 
af ac? Spikler, og imellem disse Bundter finder man en 
farveløs Sarkode, hvori man opdager anc? 3 Spikler. I 
Periferien er der et Lag af kortere ac? sp. Spikler, som ere 
tæt sammenpakkede og skjære hinanden 1 alle Retninger 


Myxilla grisea, n. sp. 


A flat, branchy light-grey sponge (Pl. VI, fig. 9) 
which has, besides amc* 3 spicules, only, smooth spicules, 
partly, thin fr*, partly, thick tr* and trac spicules; both the 
last named forms being slightly curved (PI. I, fig. 3). 


Habitat. 


Station No. 84. 


Myxilla brunnea, n. sp. 


A. large, leaf-shaped, brown coloured sponge (PL. VI, 
fig. 5) having a cavernous surface. It has no solid 
fibres (keratode fibres). As far as could’ be observed, its 
spicules consisted of ac? sp. and tr? sp. gently curved, 


besides. vir PL ML ow A), 


Habitat. 
Station No. 275. 
Myxilla flabelliformis, n. sp. 


Also a large leaf, of fan-shape, but grey in colour 
(Pl. VI, fig. 6). Neither does it contain any keratode 
fibres. Its spicules are ac? and anc? 3, (PI. II, fig. 14). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 359. | 


I have designated the two following sponges, Sclerilla, 
and in doing so, lay stress upon the spicules only, without 
paying any attention to Schmidt's sarcode membrane and 


fibres. 


Sclerilla arctica, n. sp. 


Å grey-coloured, flat, cake hwith rounded margins, 
somewhat oblong, and furnished at the one extremity, with 
a fragmentary surface, which would appear to show, that it 
had been seated on a thin stem (PI. VI, fig. 15). It consists | 
of fasciculi of ac? spicules, and between these fascieuli, 
there is found a colourless sarcode, in which anc? 3 spic- 
ules appear. In the periphery, there is a layer of shortish 
ac sp. spicules, which are closely packed, and intersect each 


~~ 
nam 


9) 
oO 


(Tab. IL, Fig. 4). Lignende Spikler findes ogsaa paa den 
indvondige Side af Svampen siddende mellem de glatte ac? 
Spikler. 


Findested. 
Station 8, 275. 


Sclerilla dura, n. sp. 


En aflang, pereformig, haard Svamp med en kort, 
krummet Stilk og med en liden Ophgining *paa den øvre 
Ende, som er uden nogen Aabning. 

Den er dannet ligesom det foregaaende Exemplar. 
ac? Spikler udspringe efter Længden langs Axen, parallele 
i Midten og udstraalende 1 Bundter henimod Periferien, 
der ogsaa ligner den sidst omtalte, dannet af ac? sp. Spikler, 
hvilken Form af Spikler man imidlertid ogsaa finder paa 
den indvendige Side af Svampen imellem de glatte ac? 
Spikler; og endelig finder man anc?3 Spikler i Sarkoden. 
Disse sidste finder man hyppigst i aflange og runde Sar- 
kode-Klumper, stærkt farvede med Karmin, og som paa 
nogle Steder næsten har Udseende af at bestaa af Celler, 
skjønt det ikke er muligt med Vished at opdage Kjerner 


eller Cellerande (Tab. IT, Fig. 5). 


Findested. 


Station 255. 


Ved at henføre disse to Former til særegne Arter 
gjør jeg det blot paa Grund af det afvigende Udseende. 
Sandsynligvis vilde det være mere noiagtigt at henføre dem 
til een Art. 


Desmacidon. 


Til denne Slægt maa de Svampe, der nu følger, for- 
modentlig henregnes, omendskjønt Spiklerne ikke ere ganske 
lige i dem alle. Med Hensyn til disse Svampe er jeg 
ogsaa i stor Tvivl om, hvorvidt nogle bør stilles sammen 
under en Art, eller om de bør henføres til individuelle og 
personlige Arter. Da deres ydre Udseende imidlertid er 
saa forskjelligt som vel muligt, saa tror jeg, det er rettest 
foreløbigt at skjelne mellem Arter og som Artsmerker 
alene at bruge deres ydre Udseende, idet det er umuligt at 
finde nogen Forskjel i deres Bygning eller Naaleformerne 


other in all directions (PL IL, fig. 4). Similar spicules 
are, also, found on the internal side the sponge, situated 
between the smooth ac? spicules. 


Habitat. 
Stations Nos. 8, 275. | 


Sclerilla dura, n. sp. 


An oblong, pyriform, hard sponge, with a short curved 
stem, and a small protuberance, on the superior extrem- 
ity, without any aperture. 

It is formed like the preceeding specimen. «ac? spic- 
ules proceed longitudinally along the axis; being parallel in 
the middle; and radiating in fasciculi towards the periphery, 
which is, also, like the last mentioned, formed of ac? sp. 
spicules; this form of spicules is, however, also found 
inside the sponge, between the smooth ac? spicules; and 
finally, anc? 3 spicules are found in the sarcode. These 
last are, most frequently, found in oblong and round sarcodal 
lumps, strongly coloured with carmine, and which, in some 
places, have almost the appearance of consisting of cells; 
although it is not possible to detect, with certaimty, nuclei 
or cellular margins (Pl. IL, fig. 5). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 255. 


In assigning these two forms to separate species, I 
do so, only, on account of the diverging habit; prob- 
ably it would be more correct to assign them to one 
species. : 


Desmacidon, 


To this genus, the sponges which now - follow must, 
presumably, be assigned, although the spicules are not quite 
similar in them all. In regard to these sponges, I am, also, 
in great doubt, whether several ought to be placed together 
under one species, or whether they ought to be assigned 
to individual and personal species. As, however, their 
external habit is as different as well can be, I have 
thought it best, meantime, to distinguish species, and to 
use as specific distinguishing feature, the external habit 
only, because it is impossible to find any difference in 


Ye p v 
RENS EN EN ADEs 


AEE 1 Ge GE ip NYE Å 


ida 


Å 
de menne et - 


ES eta 
=o == = - 


pet ania 


uden for en Arts vedkommende, der foruden Ankere ogsaa 
har Buer og S-formede Naale. 


Desmacidon clavatum, n, sp. 


Et aflangt Hoved paa en rund Stilk; denne hvid, 
Hovedet gult (Tab. IT, Fig. 11). I Stilken saavelsom i 
Hovedet ac? og trac Naale samt særligt i Periferien af 
Hovedet, men ogsaa spredt inde i samme anc? 6 (Tab. Ll, 


Fig. 11). 


Findested. 
Station 51. 


Desmacidon nucleus, n. sp. 


Nøddekjernestor, brunlig Svamp med glat Overflade. 
Den har trac Naale, der krydse hinanden i alle Retninger 
og med sine Spidser rager ud over Overfladen. Denne er 
ellers dannet udelukkende af anc?6 Naale, der her ligge 
tæt pakkede; men som ogsaa findes forresten spredt inde i 


Svampen (Tab. LIT, Fig..1, Tab. VI, Fig: 17). 


Findested. 
Ntation 48. 


Desmacidon giganteum, n. sp. 


En meget stor, ca, 22% lang Svamp, deri den" nedre 
Del dannes af en Stilk af spiralsnoede Naale, udenpaa 
hvilke der findes en ca. 1” tyk blødere Skorpe, og hvis 
øvre Del er noget tykkere og besat med en Masse papille- 
formige Udvæxter, der er tykkere for Enden end ved Basis 


(Tab. VII, Fig. 8). 


Svampen er svagt gulfarvet. Den spiralsnoede Axe 
bestaar udelukkende af lange ac? og trac Naale fog i den 
cultfarvede Skorpe ligesom i dens papilleformige Udvæxter 
forekommer samme Slags Naale, men af mindre Kaliber, 
samt anc? 6, ligesom hos den foregaaende fornemmelig sam- 
menhobede i Periterien (Tab. II, Fig. 12, 13). 


their structure, or in the form of the spicules, except in 
regard to one species which has, besides anchors and. bows, 
also, S-formed spicules. 


Desmacidon clavatum, n. sp. 


An oblong head on a round stem. The head is yel- 
low, and the stem is white in colour (Pl. IL, fig. 11). Both, 


/ 


in the stem and in the head, ac? and trac spicules; also, 


especially, in the periphery of the head, but also inside 
of. it, anc? 6, spicules are found (Pl. IT, fig. 11). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 51. 


Desmacidon nucleus, n. sp. 


Å brownish sponge, of the size of a nut kernel; with 
a smooth surface. It has trac spicules intersecting each 
other in all directions, and having their apices projecting 
beyond the surface. This is, otherwise, formed exclusively 
of anc* 6, spicules, which are, here, placed closely packed, 
but which, also, are found dispersed inside the sponge (PI. 


WE sche el Vas. 17), 


Habitat. 
Station No. 48. 


Desmacidon giganteum, n. sp. 


A very large sponge, measuring nearly 22 in length, 
and whose inferior part consists of a stem of spirally 
twisted spicules; outside of which, there is found a thick 
softish crust, about 1”” thick; but with the superior part 
somewhat thicker, and beset with a multitude of papilla- 
shaped warts whose extremities are thicker than the base Gall: 
NATE as 8) 

The sponge is pale-yellow in colour. The spirally 
twisted axis consists, exclusively, of long ac? and trac Spic- 
ules, and in the yellow-coloured crust, as also in the papilla- 
formed warts, the same kind of spicules appear, but of 
smaller calibre; also anc? 6, which are, as in the pre- 
ceding specimen, principally, collected together in the peri- 
phen Gale ay aos hides), 


tb 


Findested. 


Station 58, og en anden, hvis Navn er gaaet tabt. 


Desmacidon arcticum, n. sp. 


Et aflangt Hoved paa en temmelig tyk Stilk, Farven 
hvid (Tab. VI, Fig. 16). Stilken bestaar af lange trac og 
ør? Naale, der straaler ud i Hovedet i alle Retninger; i 
Hovedet en kornet, ufarvet Sarkode, i hvilken findes anc? 3 
og anc’ 6, samt i ringe Antal — og co (Buer og S-formige 


Nantes ab. LE. Fig, 9). 


Findested. 
Station 137. 


Esperia. 


Til denne Slægt tror jeg at maatte henregne de føl- 
gende Dyr, der alle har trac og rut-rut Naale, og jeg er 
med Hensyn til dem i den samme Forlegenhed som med 
de foregaaende, om jeg skal henføre dem til samme Art 
eller gjøre flere Arter af dem. 

poeta, VEL, Wiest 2 34 5 14 ool on ines 
disse Formers ydre Udseende fremstillet og paa Tab. III, 
Fig. 6 og Tab. IV, Fig. 2 endnu to andre. Som det vil 
sees, er de betydeligt afvigende i sin ydre Form, men ved 
Undersøgelse af deres Bygning viser denne sig at være 
paataldende ensformig hos dem alle, som det vil sees af 
Cee His. 3,4 5,-6, 7 of Tab. IV, Kis, 1 og 2, 
idet der hos dem alle findes Straaler af Spikler, der rage 
ud fra en fælles Stamme, dels i Form af fine Naale, dels 
i Form af Blade; alle disse Naale er trac og i det tynde 
Lag af Sarkode, der ligger udenpaa disse Naalebundter og 
tildels inde mellem Naalene i Stammen findes rut-rut af 
noget forskjellig Størrelse hos de forskjellige Dyr, men hos 
alle af samme Form. Hos en enkelt er der ogsaa fundet 


S-formige Naale (Tab. IV, Fig. 2). 


Efter dette forekommer det mig at være rettest at 
henføre dem alle til en Art, som jeg vil kalde 


Esperia bihamatifera (Carter), Vosmaer*. 


S-formige Naale findes, som ovenfor bemærket, kun 


Vosmaer: ‘The family of the Desmacidinæ. Notes from 


the Leyden Museum. Vol. II, 1879. 


at 


Habitat. 


Station No. 58, and another station the record of 
which is lost. 


Desmacidon arcticum, n. sp. 


An oblong head, on a rather thick stem, and white 
in colour (Pl. VI, fig. 16). The stem consists of long 
trac and tr? spicules, which radiate, outwards, in all direc- 
tions, in the head. Inthe head, there is a granular, colour- 
less sarcode, in which anc? 3, and anc? 6, spicules appear 


and, also, a few — and co spicules (Bows and S-formed 
spicules) (PL TL, ie, 2). 


Habitat. 
Station No. 137. 


Esperia. 


To this genus, I have found myself obliged to assign 


the following animals, all of which have trac and rut-rut 


spicules, and I am in the same ditficulty in regard to them, as 
with the preceding ones viz. whether to assign them to the 
same species, or form several species for them. 

Upon PI, VII, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 14 and 15 the 
external habit of these forms is illustrated; and on 
Pl. IU, fig. 6 and Pl. IV, fig. 2, still, other two forms are 
shown. As will be apparent, they are considerably diver- 
gent in their external habit, but on investigation of their 
structure, that is seen to be, remarkably, uniform in them 
all, as may be seen on referring to Pl. III, figs. 3, 4, 5, 
6, 7 and PL IV, figs. I, 2:00 so far that: im ‘atl orinem: 
rays of spicules are found, which shoot outwards from a 
common root, partly, in the form of slender spicules, and 
partly, in the form of leaves. All of these spicules are 
trac in form, and in the thin layer of sarcode which is 


found outside of these spicular fasciculi, and partly, also, 


between the spicules of the root, there are found sut-rut 
spicules, of somewhat different size in the different animals, but 
still having the same form in all of them. In a solitary one, 
there are, also, found S-formed spicules (Pl. IV, fig. 2). 

It appears to me, from this, that it is best to assign 
the whole of them to one species, and this I will desig- 
nate 


Esperia bihamatifera (Carter), Vosmaer?. 


As remarked above, S-formed spicules are found only 


1 


Vosmaer. The family of the Desmacidine. Notes from 
the Leyden Museum. Vol. II, 1879. 


ER Oe oe aes ees Sm a Cm 


hos et Exemplar, og det er heller ikke hos alle, at der 
findes rul-rut af to Størrelser, men disses Forskjel synes 
mig dog at være for liden til derpaa at begrunde Arts- 
forskjel. Skulde man benytte den ydre Form til en saadan, 
saa maatte helst den, der er fremstillet, Tab. ITT, Fig. 6, 
opføres som en egen Art, da den synes at afvige fra de 
andre derved, at der paa den tilsyneladende ikke findes 
Naalebundter eller Blade som hos de andre; den er skin- 
nende hvid af Farve og har Form af et lidet elegant Bæ- 
ger paa en lang, tynd Stilk. Under Mikroskopet viser det 
sig imidlertid, at saavel Stilken som den udvendige Flade 
af Bægeret er besat med korte Naalebundter. Den i Tab. 
IV, Fig. 2 fremstillede Form er i sin nedre Ende spindel- 
formet opdreven og her findes udenom Axen ophobet en 
hel Del hvide, kugleformige Legemer, der rimeligvis er 
Embryoner; ialfald ser de ud, som vare de Ansamlinger 
af Rundceller, Embryoner i Morulastadiet. 


Findested. 


Et af de indfangede Dyr er fra Station 267, for de 
Øvriges vedkommende er Findestederne ubekjendt. 


Cladorhiza abyssicola, M. Sars. 


Af denne Form er der indfanget en Mængde Exem- 
plarer, og disse er ogsaa af meget forskjelligt Udseende, 
BOM detviknsees adad: VIT, Wie, 9; 10; 115128 oe 
13, men hos alle er Spiklerne ens paa smaa Afvigelser 
nær, som det kan sees af Tab. IV, Fig. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 
9, 10, 11, 12 og 16. De smaa anc-anc er hos alle ens, 
idet de for begge Ender har 5 Tænder, ikke 5 og 3, som 
det almindeligvis angives.  Buernes Form er noget afvi- 
gende hos de forskjellige Fxemplarer, som det kan sees af 
Figurerne, specielt Fig. 6 og 10, hvor de er smækrere og 
de ombgiede Ender ligesom udtrukne i længere Spidser, 
men dette er for ubetydelige Afvigelser til at begrunde en 
Artsforskjel, og heller ikke kan hertil bruges det For- 
hold, at hos nogle Stavnaalene er forsynede med Opdriv- 
ninger paa Midten som i Tab. IV, Fig. 4, 5 og 11. Hos 
et Exemplar har jeg ikke kunnet finde Buer, Tab. IV, 
Fig. 3, men Ankerne har den samme Form og 5 Tænder 
for hver Ende som ellers. 


Habitat. : 


Findestederne er for de fleste Exemplarers vedkom- 
mende ukjendt; de kjendte Findesteder er Station 31, 35, 
40, 84, 359. | 


in one specimen; and neither are there found in all of 
them, rut-rut spicules of two swes; but these divergencies, 
however, seem to me, to be too small, to establish from them, 
a difference of species. If the external habit is made use 
of for this purpose, then, the form illustrated in PI. III, 
fig. 6, is the one which would, preferably, be presented as 
an individual species, as it appears to differ from the others 
in this, that upon it, there are, apparently, not found any 
spicular fasciculi, nor leaves, as in the others. It is lust- 
rously white in colour, and is shaped like a small, handsome 
chalice, seated on a long slender stem. Viewed under the 
microscope, it is, however, seen, that both, the stem and the 
external leaves of the chalice, are beset with short spicular 
fasciculi. The form illustrated in PI. IV, fig. 2 is fusi- 
form at the inferior extremity, and in this situation there is 
seen, collected together around the axis, a large number of 
white spherical corpuscles; these are, presumably, embryons, 
at all. events, they appear as if they are collections of 


round cells: embryons in the morular stage. 


Habitat. 


Station No. 267. One specimen. The record of the 
stations, at which the remainder of the specimens were 
obtained, has been lost. 


Cladorhiza abyssicola, M. Sars. 


Of this form, a multitude of specimens were obtained; 
and they are of very varying appearance, as will be evident 
on relerrme’ to PL VIL figs..7, 9, 10, 11, 12670068 shun 
in all of them, the spicules are alike, except as regards a 
few trifling divergencies; as may be seen in Pl. IV, figs. 
3, 4, 5, 6,.7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 16. -The small anc-anc 
spicules, are similar in all of the specimens, in so far, that 
they have at both extremities 5 teeth, andnot 5, and 3 teeth, 
as is, usually, stated. The form of the bows is somewhat 
various in the different specimens, as may be observed 
from the illustrations, especially figs. 6 and 10, where they 
are seen to be more slender, and the bent extremities 
to be, as it were, attenuated into long points, but this 
divergency is too trifling to establish a variety of species ; 
neither can we, in addition, make use of the fact, that 
im some of them, the rod spicules are furnished with 
bulbous tumefactions in the middle, as seen in PI. IV, figs. 
4,5and 11. In one of the specimens, I have not been able 
to observe bows (PI. IV, fig. 3), but the anchors have the 
same form, and 5 teeth on each extremity, as usual. 


Habitat. 


Stations Nos. 31, 35, 40, 84, 359. The greater part 
of the specimens are, however, dredged, at stations the record 
of which has been lost. 


= in 


17 


Geodia parva, n. sp. 


En liden, ca. 4”” lang, haard Svamp med lidt knudet 
og ujevn Overflade. Skorpen dannes af Geodiakugler af 
det sædvanlige Udseende; noget Osculum kan ei opdages; 
Svampens Centralmasse dannes af en traadet Sarkode, der 
næsten har Udseende af fibrillært Bindevæv, og i denne 
findes et ringe Antal frac Naale uden nogen bestemt An- 
ordning, af hvilke enkelte rager ind i den af Kiselkugler 
dannede Skorpe, og desuden spredte Kiselkugler og gl st 


Naale (Tab. V, Fig. 1). 


Findested. 


Station ukjendt. 


Pachymatisma Johnstonia, Bowerbank. 


Der er fundet foruden nogle smaa Fxemplarer, der i 
det Ydre har megen Lighed med de af Vosmaer! som 
Isops sphiiroides og ILsops pallida beskrevne Svampe, ogsaa 
meget store Exemplarer, 5—6°" i Gjennemsnit. Ingen af 
dem viser imidlertid det for Jsops karakteristiske Forhold 
af Oscula og Porer. Der findes talrige Oscula paa hele 
Overfladen, hvert Osculum omgivet af en liden Vold (Tab. 
IV, Fig. 15, a). Den ydre Skorpe er dannet af et jevn- 
tykt Lag af Kiselkugler (Fig. 15, b) op i hvilket der rager 
Naale af forskjellig Form, dels Mta (f= 909), enkeltvis 
Mtabif (Fig. 15, c), dels ac? f (Fig. 15,d). Mellem Kisel- 
kuglerne findes i Overfladen smaa gl st (Fig. 15, e); saa- 
danne findes ogsaa inde 1 Svampen ved Siden af større st 


(Fig. 15, f) og Kiselkugler i forskjellige Udviklingsstadier 


(Fig. 15, 9), paa hvilke man tildels tydeligt kan se disses 
Opbygning af prismatiske Naale, der med Spidserne støde 
sammen i Centrum og vende de brede Ender ud mod 
Periferien (Fig. 15, h). Disse ydre Ender er ikke hos 
alle Kiselkuglerne afstumpede; paa en Del ser de afstum- 
pede ud, naar man ser dem en face, men ved at betragte 
Randen ser man, at de ere tilspidsede (Fig. 15, 4). For- 
uden de længere ac? f Naale findes inde i Svampen korte 
trac og tr°tr Naale (Fig. 15, 4). 


| Findested. 
Station ukjendt og 359. 


1 Vosmaer: Report on the Sponges dredged up in the Arctic 
Sea by the , Willem Barents“ in the years 1878 and 1879. Nieder- 
landisches Archiv fiir Zoologie. Supplementband I. 1881—82. 


Be og : 
Den norske Nordhavsexpedition. G. A. Hanssen: Spongiade. 


Geodia parva, n. sp. 


A small, hard sponge about 4” in length, with a 
somewhat knotted and uneven surface. The crust is 
formed of Geodia spheres, of the usual appearance. No 
osculum can be seen. The central substance, or mass of 
the sponge, is formed of a filamentous sarcode, that has 
almost the appearance of fibrillous connective-tissue ; a small 
number of trac spicules are found in it, but without any 
definite arrangement, and a few of these spicules project into 
the crust formed by the siliceous spheres; and further, also, of 
scattered siliceous spheres, and gl st spicules (Pl. V, fig. 1). 


Habitat. 


No record. 


Pachymatisma Johnstonia, Bowerbank. 


Besides a few small specimens of sponges, which in 
external appearance have much similarity to those described 
by Vosmaer!, as Lsops spheroides and Isops pallida, some 
very large specimens were, also, found, measuring 5—6% in 
diameter. None of them, however, exhibit the peculiar 
condition of oscula, and pores, characteristic of Jsops. 
Numerous oscula are found on the entire surface, each 
osculum being surrounded by an elevated margin (PI. IV, 
fig. 15, a). The external crust is formed, of a uniformly 
thick layer of siliceous spheres (fig. 15, 6), in which spic- 
ules of various forms project; partly Mta (gq = 90°), occasion- 
ally Mtabif (fig. 15, c) and partly ac? f (fig. 15,d). Between 
the siliceous spheres in the surface there are found, small 
gl st spicules (fig. 15, e). These are also found, inside the 
sponge, along with larger st spicules (tig. 15, /), and siliceous 
spheres in various stages of development (fig. 15, g) upon 
which, sometimes, may be, distinctly, seen, their structure of 
prismatic spicules, meeting together inthe centre with their 
apices, and turning their broad extremities towards the 
periphery (fig. 15, h). These outer extremities are not 
blunted in all the siliceous spheres. In a number of them 
they appear blunted, if viewed en face, but on investigation, 
of the margin, they are seen to be, in reality, acuate (fig. 15, 2). 
Besides the long ac? f spicules, short trac and tro tr spic- 
ules are also found (fig. 15, øÆ), inside the sponge. 


Habitat. 


Station No. 359, and other stations, the record of 
which has been lost. | 


1 Vosmaer. Report on the Sponges dredged up in the Arctic 
Sea, by the ,Willem Barents“, in the years 1878 and 1879. Nieder- 
landisches Archiv fiir Zoologie. Supplementband I. 1881—82. 


9 
vo 


naa 


heim ne bm eS 


Tethya cranium, Lamarck. 


Flere Exemplarer, alle runde, Overfladen besat med. 
talrige Papiller (Tab. VII. Fig. 16). Naalene findes frem- 
stillede Tab. V, Fig. 3 og 4. 


Findested. 
Station 8, 90. : 


Tethya cranium, var. infrequens, Carter. 


Den stemmer 1 sit Udseende og sin Bygning fuld- 
kommen overens med Th. craniwm (Tab. VII, Fig. 17 og 
18). Den afvigende Form af Mia (p > 90% og Mia 
(f << 90°) findes fremstillet Tab. V, Fig. 5, a, b. I det 
ene Exemplar fandtes et Embryo (Tab. V, Fig. 5, ©), i 
hvilket Naalenes radiære Anordning og deres Form tydeligt 
sees. Mia (> 90°) har, som det vil sees, en noget af- 
vigende Form fra de samme Naale hos den voxne Svamp 
(Fig. 5, d), idet Armene er meget mere divergerende. 


Findested. 
Station 286. 


Thenea muricata, (Bowerbank) Gray. 


Af denne Svamp, der har faaet saa mange Navne |, 
er der fanget en Masse Exemplarer og af meget forskjellig 
Storrelse lige fra omtrent knappenaalshovedstore til saa- 
danne, der er 5—6” i Gjennemsnit (Tab. VII, Fig. 19). 
Næsten alle de større har et tydeligt Osculum af 3—47™s 
Gjennemsnit paa den øvre Flade. Den eneste Forskjel, 
der kan findes mellem alle disse Fxemplarer, er tildels 
Farven, idet nogle, især de mindre, er lysere af Farve, 
medens de større er brungraa, og desuden Størrelsen og 
Taggetheden af de store st Naale, som det vil sees af Tab. 
Vee ker, 80009. | 


Findested. 
Stat. 1, 29, 262 286, 303, 323, og andre ukjendte. 


1 Se Vosmaer: Report etc. Pag. 5. 


Tethya cranium, Lamarck. 


Several specimens; all of which are round. The 
surface is beset with numerous papille (Pl. VII, fig. 
16). The spicules will be found illustrated on PI. V, 
figs. 3, 4. 


Habitat. 
Stations No.s 8, 323. 


Tethya cranium, var. infrequeus, Carter. 


In external appearance, and structure, this specimen 
quite corresponds with Th. cramum (Pl. VIL, figs. 17, 18). 
The divergent form of spicules, Mta (f >> 90°) and Mta 
(me 909 is seen illustrated an PL. V, fes.5, a,c0) me 
one specimen an embryon was found (PI. V, fig. 5, c), in 
which the radiating arrangement of the spicules, and their 
The Mta (¢ < 90°) has, as 
will be seen, a very different form from the same spicule 
in the adult sponge (fig. 5, d), in so far as, that the arms 
are much more divergent. 


form, are, distinctly, visible. 


Habitat: 
Station No. 286. 


Thenea muricata, (Bowerbank) Gray. 


Of this sponge, to which a number of designations ! 
has been applied; a large number of specimens has been 
obtained; and of very various sizes, ranging from about a 
pin's head in size, up to specimens measuring 5—6 in 
diameter (Pl. VII, fig. 19). Almost all the large ones 
have, a distinct 'oseulum of 3—4”” diameter, seated on the 
superior surface. The only difference which can be found, 
between all these specimens is, partly, in colour, in as much 
as, that a few, especially the smaller ones, are lighter in 
colour, whilst the large ones are brownish grey, and partly, 
also, in the size and aculeation of the large st. spicules ; as 
will be apparent on referring to the illustration PI. ns 
figs. 6, 7, 8, 9. 


Habitat. 
Stations No.s 1, 29, 262, 286, 303, 323, and other 
stations, the record of which is lost. 


1 Vide. Vosmaer’s Report ete. Par: 


I 


I 


LA 


Clavellomorpha minima, n. g. n. sp. 


Denne Svamp kan jeg ikke henfore til nogen bestemt 
Slægt og jeg maa derfor give den et eget Navn. Det er 
et lidet 57” langt kølleformigt Dyr af hvid Farve, eller vel 
rettere farveløst; dets Bygning kan sees af Tab. V, Fig. 
2. Der findes ganske faa ac? Naale, der ligger longitudi- 
nelt anordnede saavel i den tynde Stilk som i den kølle- 
formige Opdrivning, der er 0,5"” tyk; desuden findes i 
denne nogle Mta (y= 90°), der ligge inde i den køllefor- 
mige Opdrivning, og endeligt er denne saavelsom Stilken 
fyldt af en Masse st”. | 


Findested. 


Station 303. 


Hyalonema arcticum, n. sp. 


Denne Svamp var tør ved Fordampningen af Alko- 
holen paa Grund af ufuldstændig Lukning af Karret, hvori 
den fandtes. Der er flere Bxemplarer, indtil 20% lange, 
hule, runde Stilke af noget forskjellig Tykkelse, der i den 
ene Ende sidder ligesom indsænkede i en meget løs, næsten 
bomuldlignende Masse, se Tab. VII, Fig. 20, der frem- 
stiller denne Ende af et af Exemplarerne, og Fig. 21, der 
fremstiller et Brudstykke af den bomuldlignende Masse; 
Farven af de torre Exemplarer er lysgraa, temmelig ngi- 
agtigt som Tegningens. Den haarde Stamme eller Stilk 
bestaar udelukkende af lange Naale som Tab. V, Fig. 10, a 
og at; mange af disse har en Opdrivning paa Midten, i 
hvilken der tydeligt sees en Deling af Axekanalen (Fig. 
10, a). Begge Ender af disse Naale er tr sp (Fig. 10, 0). 
I den bomuldlignende Masse findes foruden saadanne Naale 
ogsaa 1) meget store hartrsp (Fig. 10. 0). 2) har®sp 
(Fig. 10, d) og 3) ha (5 r + EF sp) (Fig. 10, e). Efter 


disse Naaleformer maa Svampen være en Hyalonema. 


Findested. 
Station 35. 


Kalksvampe. 


Af saadanne er der ogsaa indsamlet en Del Exem- 
plarer, og tildels fra temmelig betydelige Dybder. 


Clavellomorpha minima, n. g. n. sp. 


I am unable to assign this sponge to any known 
genus, and must, therefore, establish for it a personal desig- 
nation. It is a small animal, club-shape in form, and meas- 
uring 5”” long. It, is whitish in colour or, more correctly 
speaking, may be said to be colourless. Its structure is 
illustrated Pl. V. fig. 2. Only a very few ac? spicules are 
seen, and these are arranged longitudinally, both in the 
slender stem, and the club-shaped enlargement, which latter 
is 0.5" thick. Besides these, afew Mta (fy = 90°) spicules 
are also found, which are placed, inside the club-shaped 
enlargement, and finally, both it and the stem are occupied 
by a multitude of st? spicules. 


Habitat. 
Station No: 303. 


Hyalonema arcticum, n. sp. 


This specimen was shrivelled, owing to the evapora- 
tion of the alcohol, by reason of an imperfect closing of 
the vessel in which it was contained. There are several 
specimens with hollow, round stems, of somewhat variable 
thickness, measuring up to 3°” in length, and which at the one 
extremity are seated, as if depressed in a very loose, almost 
cotton-like substance. Pl. VII, fig. 20 illustrates this extrem- 
ity in one of the specimens, and fig. 21 illustrates a frag- 
ment of the cotton-like substance. The colour of the shriv- 
elled specimens is light-grey, and the colour is, pretty exactly, 
repeated in the illustration.. The \shrivelled trunk or stem 
is composed, exclusively, of long spicules, such as are 
illustrated in Pl. V, fig. 10, a and a*. Many of them 
have an enlargement in the middle, in which a division 
of the canal of the axis is, distinctly, seen (fig. 10, a). 
Both extremities of these spicules are tr sp (fig. 10, 0). 
In the cotton-like substance there is, in addition to these 
spicules, also, found; 1) very large hartr sp spicules (fig. 
10, co); 2) hartsp spicules (fig. 10, d); and 3) ha (dr + R. 
sp) (fig. 10,6). Judged by the form of these spicules, the 
specimen must be a Hyalonema. 


Habitat. 
Station No. 35. 


Calcareous sponges. 


Of these sponges, there has, also, been collected a 
number of specimens, and, in some cases, from rather con- 
siderable depths. 


D 
x 


TET etal 


i 
‘| 
a 
å 
| 
i 
| 
| 
| 


Ascetta primordialis, Haeckel. 


Denne Svamp er fundet paa Station 35 i et mindre 
og et større Exemplar og paa Station 275 et stort Nar- 
dorusexemplar fastsiddende paa Røret fra Omuphis conchy- 
lega. / 


Ascetta blanca, Haeckel. 


Fra en ukjendt Station 2 Exemplarer, det ene 3°” 
langt og 1,4” bredt, det andet 1,4” langt. Naalene er 
større end de af Haeckel opgivne Maal, saaledes fandt jeg 
Basalstraalen paa en Naal 0,308”” lang og de to orale 
Straaler 0.244", og Naalene er kun enkeltvis stumpe for 
Enderne, Mesteparten har spidse Straaler. 


Leucandra Egedii?, Haeckel. 


Bestemmelsen af denne Svamp er usikker. 


Findested. 
Station 303. 


Sycandra arctica, Haeckel. 


Exemplarer af denne Svamp er fundet i Saltstrømmen 
paa 90 Favnes Dyb og paa en ukjendt Station, samt paa 
Station 40 og 283. 


Sycandra raphanus, Haeckel. 


Findested. 
Station 35. 


Ascetta primordialis, Haecxel. 


One small, and one larger, specimen of this sponge 
was found, at station No. 35; and at station No. 275, a large 
Nardorus specimen was found, seated, firmly, on the tube 
of an Onuphis conchylega. 


Ascetta blanca, Haeckel. 


Of this sponge, 2 specimens were obtained at a sta- 
tion the record of which has been lost. The one specimen 
measures, 3” in length, and 1.4°" in breadth; and the other 
specimen 1.4” in length. The spicules are larger than those 
mentioned by Haeckel. I found, for instance, the basal ray 
in a spicule, to measure 0.308”" in length, and the two 
oral rays to measure 0.244" in length. The spicules are, 
only, occasionally, blunt at the extremities, and the greater 
number have acuate rays. | 


Leucandra Egedii?, Haeckel. 


The classification of this sponge is uncertain. 


Habitat. 
Station No. 303. 


Sycandra arctica, Haeckel. 


The specimens of this sponge were collected, in 
Saltstrømmen *, at a depth of 90 fathoms, and, also, at stations 
No.* 40 and 283, as also at another station, the record of 
which has been lost. 


Sycandra raphanus, Haeckel. 


Habitat. 
Station No. 35. 


* Å local current confined to the middle of the Salten-fjord. 


Tu. 2 


å 


Forklaring over Figurerne. 


Tabs I Fie, 


Tab. IT, 


Tab, III, 


Ster 


Rinalda uberrima. 

Reniera palescens. 

Myxilla grisea. 

Reniera inflata. 

Remera digitata. 

Reniera nivea. a, et enkelt Exemplar; 
b, flere Exemplarer sammen paa et tyndt 
Blad; c, Væggen af et Exemplar, svagt 


«forstørret; d, samme, stærkere forstør- 


ret; e, en trac Naal; e’, en tr°ac Naal: 
e”, to smaa trac Naale fra Overfladen; 
jf, af et Længdesnit af Væggen. 


Remera mjindibuliformis. 
Remera complicata. 
Reniera simplex. 
Remera velamentosa. 
kemera membranaced. 
Reniera tubulosa. 
kemera dubia. 
Myxilla exigua. 
Suberites alveus. 
Sclerilla arctica. 
Sclerilla dura. 


. Reniera oblonga. 


Suberites conica. 
Suberites radians. 
Fanalda uberrima. 
Suberites glabra. 
Suberites incrustans. 
Desmacidon clavatum. 
Desmacidon giganteum. 
Desmacidon giganteum. 
Desmacidon nucleus. 


. Myxilla brunnea. 


Desmacidon arcticum. 
Esperia bihamatifera. 
do. do. 


Pi 


Jed: 


ik 


ne 


Explanation of the plates. 


oe wo ko 


oO 


1 


el —-«—j— 
WMP SO DN Do OR SNK 


Rinalda uberrima. 
Renera palescens. 
Myxilla grisea. 

Remera imflata. 
Reniera digitata. 
Remera nivea. a, A single specimen. 
b, Several specimens seen together, on 
a thin leaf. c. The wall of a specimen; 
slightly magnified. d, The wall of a 
specimen; considerably magnified. e, A 
trac spicule. & A. båe spicule: ve" 
Two small trac spicules from the sur- 
face. f, Aspect of a longitudinal section 
of the wall. 

Renera mfundibuliformis. 

Reniera complicata. 

Remera simplex. 

Remera velamentosa. 

Remera membranacea. 

Remera tubulosa. 

Renera dubia. 

Myxilla exigua. 

Suberites alveus. 

Sclerilla arctica. 

Sclerilla dura. 


y} 


. Remera oblonga. 


Suberites conica. 
Suberites radians. 
Rinalda uberrima. 
Suberites glabra. 
Suberites incrustans. 
Desmacidon clavatum. 
Desmacidon giganteum. 
Desmacidon giganteum. 
Desmacidon nucleus. 


I Å. Myxilla brunnea. 


2. 
3. 


Desmacidon arcticum. 
Esperia bihamatifera. 
do. do. 


EEE OR NG 


a 


ar I? la 2 


Tab. IIT, 


Lab AV, 


al Ve, 


Tab. VI, 


Fig. 


Fig. 


——— 


GN 


5. 
6. 
7. 
if 
2. 
3. 
> 
5 
6 
7 
8 


we 
10. 
idk, 
ped: 
13. 
14. 
15. 


SO DNS 


KO IS 


cS get Aas ed 


oe 


Esperia bihamatifera. 


do. do. 
do. depen 
Esperia bihamatifera. 
do. do. 
Cladorhiza abyssicola. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do.. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 


Pachymatisma Johnstonii. a, To smaa 
Exemplarer; 0, af et Snit, Kiselkugle- 
skorpen med deri opragende Naale; c,c, 
oe an 90 en ac* sp. GB gl st: 
J, større st; g, to gl fra det indre af 
Svampen; h, Kiselprismerne, der danner 
gl; 4, et Stykke af Overfladen af en gå. 


Cladorliza abyssicola fra Hardangerfjord, 
begge Ender af et Anker. 


Geodia parva. 
Clavellomorpha minima. 
Tethya cranium. 


do. do. 
do. _ do. var. intrequens. a, Mta 
(p << 90°); 6, Mita (p> 90°); c, et 


Embryo; d, Mta ( > 90°) fra Embryo- 
net; e, et formodentligt yngre Stadium 
af den samme Naaleform. 


Thenea muricata. 


do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 


Hyalonema arctieum. aoga’, to Naale 
fra Stilken; 6, Enden af en saadan Naal: 
c, har tr sp; d, har"sp; e, ha (5r + BR sp). 


Remera simplex. 
Reniera oblonga. 
Remera velamentosa. 
Reniera tubulosa. 
Myxila brunnea. 
Myxilla flabelliformis. 
Reniera dubia. 
Remera complicata. 


see 


Pb 


PI. 


PI: 


TIL, 


IV, 


V, 


VE 


15. 


16. 


— 


IG 


Oo 00 


10. 


Np en 


ge 


5 
6 
7 
1 
2. 
5 
4 
5 
6 
7 


Esperia bihamatifera. 


do. clo. 
do. do. 
Esperia bihamatifera. 
do. do. 
Cladorhiza abyssicola. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do: 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 


Pachymatisma Johnstomi. a, Two small 
b, Aspect of a section; the 
siliceous spherical crust with the pro- 
jecting spicules. c,c, Two Mta (| = 90°) 
spicules. d, An ac? sp spicule. e, A gl st 
spicule. f, A large st spicule. g, Two 
interior of the 


specimens. 


gl spicules from the 
sponge. h, The siliceous prisms form- 
ing the gl spicules. 2, Å portion of the 
surface of a gl spicule. 

Cladorliza abyssicola, from the Har- 
danger fjord. 
anchor. 
Geodia parva. 
Clavellomorpha minima. 
Tethya cranium. 


Both extremities of an 


do. do. 
do. do. — Var. infrequens. a, A 
Mta (9 << 90°) spicule. b, A Mta 


(4 >90%) spieule. c, An embryon. d, 
A Mta (4 > 909) spicule on the embryon. 
e, Å, presumably, earlier stage of devel- 
opment of the same spicular form. 
Thenea muricata. 


do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 


Hyalonema arcticum. 
spicules from the stem. 0, The extrem- 
ity of such a spicule. c, A har tr sp 
. d, har sp spicule. e, Aha (5 
y +R sp) spicule. 

Reniera simplex. 

Reniera’ oblonga. 

Reniera velamentosa. 

Reniera tubulosa. 

Myxilla brunnea. 

Myxilla flabelliformis. 

Renera dubia. 

veniera complicata. 


a and a’, Two 


spicule. 


"ab. 


Tab. 


a 


NA. 


29 


Myxilla grisea. 
Rinalda uberrima. 
Reniera infundibuliformis. 
Reniera membranacea. 
Suberites imerustans. 
Sclerilla arctica. 
Sclerilla dura. 
Desmacidon arcticum. 
Desmacidon nucleus. 
Rinalda uberrima. 
Esperia bihamatifera. 


clo. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 


Thecophora semisuberites. a, b,c, Over- 
gangsformer fra Th. elongata, Marenz, 
til Th. semsuberites d, e; f, Th. abla, 
W. Thomson. 

Cladorhiza abyssicola. 

Desmacidon giganteum. 

Cladorhiza abyssicola. 


do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
Lisperia bihamatifera. 
dør» do. 
Tethya cramum. 
do. do. var. infrequens, Gjen- 


nemsnit. 
Tethya cranium var. infrequens, et Stykke 
af Overfladen. 
Thenea muricata. 
Hyalonema arcticum. 
do. do. 


Indleveret 23. Septbr. 1884. 


PE 


PL 


VG 


VIT, 


Ot H ØVD 


Ee 


- On 


Myxilla grisea. 

kinalda wberrima. 
Renera mfundibuliformis. 
Renmera membranacea. 
Suberites incrustans. 
Sclerilla arctica. 

Sclerilla dura. 
Desmacidon arcticum. 
Desmacidon nucleus. 
Rinalda uberrima. 
Esperia bihamattfera. 


do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 


Thecophorasemisuberites. a,b, c,d, e, Trans- 
ition-forms from Th. elongata, Marenz. 


ft, Th. 1010,.W. Thomson. 


Cladorliza abyssicola. 
Desmacidon giganteum. 
Cladorluza abyssicola 


do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
do. do. 
Lisperia bihumattfera. 
do. do. 
Tethya cranium. 
do. do. Var. infrequens; sectional 
aspect. 


Tethya cramum Var. infrequens. <As- 
pect of a portion of the surface. 
Thenea muricata. 

Hyalonema arcticum. 


do. do. 


Received 23" September 1884. 


= 


Dybde. 
2 (Depth). 
da Nordlig Længde fra ET 
Station Datum. AS 
Bredde. Greenwich. | Engl. | 
No. Ce (North Latitude).| (Longitude). Favne. Meter. 
| | | (Metres). 
| | (fathoms). | 
| | 
1876 | 
ET 00 aN OG 1189 
AE SOL tO NONA EN 672 1229 
4 ONS AN eset aaa se Kiss OO 1035 
8 Se Cn MO KO LeAnn Hair. POG 366 
9 DA ga ON een 377 
IO ON oe ee da å 402 
18 ME Weak Wt DE Wises 
23 i Se pay, +32 5 50 E. 
DE EE GE Bi 98 179 
26 SEO NO Se DE 433 
31 SEE . any 763 
33 OS SO VEN 525 960 
Ne NS 0053, Bl.u587. 1. 1073 
ONO are MW 1081 PO 
40 eee te OM 25 Gp 
FOO 6 ro 22 Wir 500 547 
51 AE Coens a ih OS VA EGG er LE 
52 Jr aye Wale T86 |) 34030 | 
FE 0 Brage aoa ay | 
54 | tr uden Ogee iste Webel G67 1099 
OR ee On Au aC GE 283 
87 ee OE 50 MEN 408 QI I 
92 HO DE ON ta 8 326 
93 dt yet OD NÅ De de ske 280 
(Romsdalfjo d). 
1877 
goe en kos 00 8 | Geese) ker Sais 1472 
Kom seo Ove ne eons Hal! 253 408 
124 AGN ROD GT O50) WH. 9355 640 
eg EO vst SES EE NE 827 
147 EGG Å po OIG aT Ae 260 
149 ence iy OT Ee Outs! Lats 247 
(Vesttiord). 
164 JEG NO LO 4o-F eBay 757 836 
eu 200 ord 35) Ee ars 759 
Woe te og aS tA 33. El 0536 980 
177 ee AO Br 443 0] 12630 
183 Ke Oo SG Gr PO om 
190 ANE 86 sa 
102 OE UO 640 1187 
195 OOS SS RSS ROG 196 
200 eek re de LASSE VE 090620 1134 
205 Boon ote kang Bea a 284) 235 
20 PE cE OO 3219 
Poe PAU 705 45408, 024 Wa 70 128 
(Jan Mayen). | 
Dor AGE I SOL 95 174 
225 SO ee EN 357 
DET Bele ae OS is LON SO VE NE 0) 481 
240 eo STE 260 0 4004 1836 
248 Pao Ba 4778 1423 
251 SOE GE 634 160500) 
252 TD Vestfjord. | 
253 NE, Skjerstadfjord. Resor, 481 


Zoologiske Stationer. 
(Zoological Stations). 


Tempe- 
ratur. 


(Temperature 
at Bottom). 


| 
© 
BP NRO NW NH HWN OO KH OF CO 


| 
ge 
aN OS OH 


| 
i 
re 
ANNOSNSNINONNON 


| 
O 
GS ISS GS ON ON 


QI 
i) 


Qe) KO) ON ONS) 


| Bundens | 


Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 

_ Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 
Biloculinler. | Biloculina Clay. 
Biloculinler. ~Biloculina Clay. 
Sandler.  Sabulous Clay. 
Ler. Clay. 


Bunden. Bottom. 
| Sandler.  Sabulous Clay. 
- Sandler. Sabulous Clay. 


Slik, Ler. | Ooze, Clay. 
ker: | | Clay. 
| Sandler. Sabulous Clay. 
| Sandler.  Sabulous Clay. 
- Sandler.  Sabulous Clay. 
Ler. | Clay. 
| Ler. | Olay. 
| Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 
- Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 


| Merkeraat Ler. 


| Graasort Sandler. 


- Sandler, Grus, Singel. SabulousClay, Pebbles.! 


Ler, Sand, Sen Clay, Sand, Sn 
Ler. Clay. 


Dark-grey Clay. 


Sandholdigt Ler. 
Blød Ler. 


' Sabulous Clay. 


Soft Clay. 
Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 
Sandler.  Sabulous Clay. 
Grovkornet Ler. Coarse Clay. 
Ler. Clay. 
Graat Ler. Grey Clay. 
Ler. Clay. 
Sandler. Sabulous Clay. 
Ler, Smaasten. Clay, Pebbles. 
Ler. Clay. 
Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 
Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 
Sandholdig Ler. Sabulous Clay. 
Sandler.  Sabulous Clay. 
Sten, Ler. Stones, Clay. 
Ler. Clay. 
| Biloculinler.  Biloculina Clay. | 
| Biloculinler.  Biloculina Clay. | 


Be sabulousClay 


Graasort Sandler. 
(Graasort Sandler. 


Dark-grey sabulousClay 


Fa sabulousClay 
Brunt Ler, Stene. | Brown Clay, Stones. 
Biloculinler.  Biloculina Clay. 
| Biloculinler. Biloculina Clay. 
Ler. Clay. 
Ler». | Clay. 
Ler. | Clay. 


Apparat. 
(Apparatus). 


IS. Skrabe. 


(Dredge). 


T. Trawl. 
s. Svabere. 


(Swabs), 


oD) 
Ate ee 


ioe 

SAT. 
Ds 
S. 

Syne 


MM 
HHEANRPE BMY” 
SS! ag 


DD 


ae. 
pr ee a 


BEE nm ; 


MM 


DR 


PADANNADDR BRP PL 


KR 2 
| € 
å & | Dybde. nee? | Apparat. 
| | (Depth. Nes | (Apparatus): 
. ee å SS 
ka eh | KE Enel, M Ee | Bunden. Bottom. TEESE): 
UG (North Latitude.) (Longitude). å Favne. | eter. at Bottom). T. Trawl. 
' % , (Fathoms). (Metres). 0. s. Svabere. 
L, hy | (Swabs). 
8 Aug 7 Saltstrømmen. 90 165 Sten. - Stones. S. 
| Sea vel | | | 
. Jun AO 1468%20 1540 WP 624 6.05 | Ler Clay. på 
| | (Vestfjord). | | 
l (June) 21 FOF MeN Ga EO) Phen O 203 or er: Clay. S. 
å (Altenfjord). | 
l Por ope 28) eee 421 4.0 | Ler Clay. å BA 
I (Altenfjord). 
LI ah SG FO Hes EE ef ae 232 Ed LEN Clay. Su 
1 (Porsangerfjord). | | | 
Li ee og es so ør 232 ae. vier Clay. SA 
Å (Tanafjord). | | 
i] leas Bey aae imac cs mer OL Se ARR 27a oe Ler Clay. Reps 
I Mewes Doerr Ge Rae et eS 271 | —1.4 | Ler, Sten. Clay, Stones. SÅ 
I | NS Net steno BO PROMO en | Clay S. 
1273 SL ra Na EN ee to ee 360 2 2 else Clay. S. 
i] ES ED ena 260 —0. 4 | Ler. Clay. abe 
| SOP ere aa Miah ede eg ys hue 35 64 et ies vem Stones. S. 
| | | | (Beeren Eiland). | | | å 0 
: BOB 54 hy ør GONG rer | Clay. S. 
| 286 M OF NA ge ge NG 817 11-04 8 | Ler. | Clay. 18 
| 290 SR Se eee Zorba we EGLO ego 3. § | Sandler. - Sabulous Clay. fle 
| 205 FESTE SO 00 ETE 2030 —1. 3 Biloculinler. | Biloculina Clay. T. 
| Ok re ON ek BO OS EDS Ep OO 2341 | —1.4 | Biloculinler. | Biloculina Clay. he 
| KO LE EO 0 2195 | —r.6  Biloculinler. | Biloculina Clay. Ah 
2 70 SA SES ke@au seus alae Enis å 
I sp eee gnr et de BL LG 320 05 Ber Sand. Clay, Sand. al 
Bee ee ere EM De 21 38 ar or Eber |: Hard. S. 
ge SSE Nr | Clay. T 
DOM Mer dr Go DS 225 er Oen | Clay. dis 
FANG OTs oe ENN 1368 | —1. 3 | Biloculinler. - Biloculina Clay. a, 
330 || : Ale oe ke ØDE 70 p20 o. 4 | Ler, Haard B. | Clay, Hard Bottom. | De 
76 9 VS BO Ne ee Mahara | Hard. S. 
| MG Bao bre! sa BG So ee Clay. de 
Å BØ a1 76 26010 20 Wt 11686 1 3083 10.5 |) Biloculimler. -Biloculina Clay. VP, 
er RON 77 58 130100 El 9 338% - 2458 Vo Bilbelinler - Biloculina Clay. aq 
1 MEG EE TET AA GE eels Se el eee 29 kler, | Clay, S. 
»| 359 FONR ob Fon dn Sen Od o. 8 | Ler. Clay. S. 
i 362 Je OE ØKE Clay. the 
1 Ren 3008 28 ei å 475 er, 1 Olay. ‘he 
dn BOG NO as sh Eh TF | I PEZ 0 200 ? Aa. q 
i | å |. Magdalena Bay. — coe 68 | —o. 2 her | oo DE 
| ee SS 37 Bl 100 SEG 1. 1 Ler. >| Clay. 4 
: 372 | TE SN JE 80 1.2 | Ler. | Clay. HU) 
» | | (Isfjord). | | | | 
an Mr te eel STG es 3 OE OOO ENO o.a Ger Clay. i 
) | | | | (Advent Bay). | : | er 
N | 
å 
\ 
N 
N 
å 
HI Spongiadæ. å 


Den norske Nordhavsexpedition. G. A. Hansen: 


1 
Å 


PLANER 


in ran 


t 
| 


i 
å 
, 
J 
| 
a 
å 

| 

Å 

| , < 

i 

Å - 

i 

| 

Å 

k 

| 

i 

| 

Å 

| 

. på 

I 

F 
84 * 

| 

| 

» 

— - == = Am = == == = == === === == = 5 Pe a eT krepsen ai paaniaelpealinn eames Aiapieams silastic 
= == = == == = = = ee a Eee = > = = = eee ae sr SSS 

6 = === = — = > = a = od 2 ra hd "å 

ange ~~ eee = brune pprinndnsre seine eens estes — - rms = Ese i ENG penge 
Soe eer mer? rs rage å SS å min 
SG veis rar ren TR OT OS ear sat et Re armer seen oa - 
sitat 


Titton: 


*¢ 
\ 


å ] ‘01 C ys p/ HU ed YP ¢ 


7 


y | OrF'STEE 


| 


(i 


NS 


HET Mg 
Ad HI I 


i. 


RR 
mv 


= St ll 


NA 
vi DQ 
Ge ib es 


i a ee 


oh 


2 
we 


Nor 


was 
Z N 


e Nordhaos Expedition. 


o 


ENN 


NN ee 


og 


Å AN NE er |. |) Neg EJ EN 7) NE AA ) > i | ER JP ae Å \ ye | 6 ae åt F ar ae Å ky \ 7 ND ke Mee AR FA 7 JE p ye 
å | were Zits | VET AAA AA ATG Oh NE pi ees - JP | iN 3 gg = pd AR | hd 7 \ AT JRR Øie 
| 4 3 Gå Vige AN fe : or i : om 


== ier sg k i : 

~ JPG ; Va Nr SF we io y j 1 ; | | | 

; PENG md J aay . Ree, Les Å JA | - | | | | 

EEE REE EEE ENE zit AG EG al A å GN Å NE | | i | | | / | Y | | | 

. så = . vei “i EE i il ea ca aaa i i tt : ART MASE Ble Gå EE : anaes ee APE a AA AIG GER ENG che ÆRE i | 
‘ 7 


Lab IM. 


Stv JI.GE 


+ 
1 


Vb - Å 


på 
J 


\ 


| 
| 
| 


“ 


TO. 


Cd: 


el. 


dhavs-kap 


d 


År 


Å 


e Nor 


På 


Norsk 
a 


Hanse 


Å 


A 
WE 


GRANG 


a er ee ‘poe pe “: _ rer 


x is S NN NG SS a ; ; SS, 
NS RUSE OSS ISS Be es os Cen ne et ne 
op EE mm REE ph å oD på pA å 


00500 HO 


0500 ee AN ae ROVE Wa 
BOC CO Oy ss i Eie De ( 


LUTT nei ANNAT VA 


LOI. 
f; 

| 

| 

| 

| 

| 

| 


/ 
| 
YU, 


pr EN WL ean 


| 
| 
DnA ok Ce | 
| 


== 


ke Nordhavs Expedit 


Ves å j 

\ i L 

Get es 

at 5 Here LISTE = Oy | \ a 

FETE EN ge EN Ww \ a 

Er \ | Cc 

Vi es 

if - -” V EG I 

KD 
— 
I 


sen a 


| 
| 
1 
| 


TO gr 


(iltton: 


Å 


Norske Nordhiaos Lh 


| 


| 
| 
| 


Norske Nordhavs Expedition, Tab. VI. 


a å 
ty 
Bm — —==" 


] 


| ith, Anst.v. I G.Bach Leipzig. 
H.Bucher, Jun. del. Lith, Anst.v. I G.Bach Leipzig 


a Ss E—————— 


—E 


| 
| 
| 


Lao HÅ. | 


| 
| 
| Å 
i 
hl 
I 
} 
4 
+ 
) 
it 
N 
k 
i 
| 
| 
| 
| 
r | 
Å 
I 
iz ish 
BA 
'E 
| y 
| 
if 
ER 
i a 
= 
| ; 
14 Å 
iW ye 
Bad 
| a 
I ELA 
aS 
in å ‘ft 
i A 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
a 
eg 
| { 
\ 
8 
1 
iz 
fl 
| 
I 
I 
V 
| 
I 
i 
| 
| 
| 
) 
| 
| 
| 
| Å 
Xx 
| Vy 
a 
RA 
q ™_~ 
| 
1 AC 
q airs 
fo 
. 
| Lit i, Leipzig. 
UDE oe ee 1 
| HBucher jun. del 
H 
| ver 
| ) å Å 


AE Ai oe SO, ee 


20) Greenwich. 


Onmaahngs th Instalt, Aristanta: 


Den nrrivate 


awl. 


Swabs. 


POTS | 
a Dre dée & Tr 


Botnen 


cl 
ailure. 


dée. 


ske Stat 
Dior en 


Si I 
Trawl. 
F 


a aes 
Ga 
VY 


© 
Ci 


ws-Expedition. 
Loologie 


bh 


-4 


Norske Nord 
Zoolo 


krabe 
rabe 06 


x Mi slykket 


S 
va, 
k 


o 
S 


un 


— 


— 


— 


=> 


per 


ae mn 


Sg = == TE STEN mr En === TEEN ENER = ME SED Tr = = = 7 mm — = shies - — 
=f pare EET EE EE mr tl sl = son eee eden 7 =r TE EEE EEE RR i aE 


= epee 
F pe 


| 
{ 


a 


nn 


i 


ne ae 


lå Dee aa eds LP 1 Ni --N 1 
: ut SS 
ae tas | es, hy fi 
å we! pi På I Øy 72 4 }! i 
a 4 eet) MG YS Ae rå 
I 0 Saf 3 FA | 
th . ft Oe). We 
uv, "å , 


pt 


Å 


NR sd rn 


Bd 
ee DEA TN is ea =