ae EEE EL sa OY AMET ELT IS PROPS ASSENT TETAS OPER OT EER * ‘ , ‘asia i Nap ae ys Se “ f Nene “gd iF + “a _ se /www. archive.org/ de ey - <.. HAE. VOL Vil! FRONTISPIECE IITHBRITTON & REV ALASKA INSECTS a, AN MATTE TH 4 a %S ‘wan * . - . 2 ‘ a A x awe a *% tne K. ASEAD, NATHAN BARES - UDELL. © FOGWIOK, ROLLA P. Ser G. OFA, MaTVE waTsOm yoELsO™ EMANM FRAVOR KIN Act i 2. A tChwaRe Ot CRP Rerteereed cere oe ys , ¥ Ke v, > | & Li ~ a wf 6 >. » ° * SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION HARRIMAN ALASKA SERIES VOLUME VIII INSECTS ParRT I BY WILLIAM H. ASHMEAD, NATHAN BANKS, A. N. CAUDELL, O. F. COOK, ROLLA P. CURRIE, HARRISON G. DYAR, JUSTUS WATSON FOLSOM, O. HEIDEMANN, TREVOR KINCAID, THEO. PERGANDE, and E. A. SCHWARZ CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 1910 ae [15 H 37 V8 ot. ADVERTISEMENT. The publication of the series of volumes on the Harriman Alaska Expedition of 1899, heretofore pri- vately printed, has been transferred to the Smithsonian Institution by Mrs. Edward H. Harriman, and the work will hereafter be known as the Harriman Alaska Series of the Smithsonian Institution. The remainder of the edition of Volumes I to V, and VIII to XIII, as also Volumes VI and VII in preparation, together with any additional volumes that may hereafter appear, will bear special Smithsonian title pages. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WasuincTon, D.C., Jury, 1910 HARRIMAN ALASKA EXPEDITION WITH COOPERATION OF WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ALASKA VOLUME VIII INSECTS PART I By WILLIAM H, ASHMEAD, NATHAN BANKS, A. N. CAUDELL, O. F. COOK, ROLLA P. CURRIE, HARRISON G. DYAR, JUSTUS WATSON FOLSOM, O. HEIDEMANN, TREVOR KINCAID, THEO. PERGANDE AND E, A. SCHWARZ NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY 1904 - ni pm PREFACE THE entomologist of the Harriman Alaska Expedition was Trevor Kincaid, Professor of Biology in the University of the State of Washington, at Seattle. His zeal and activity may be inferred from the fact that in two months he obtained about 8,000 insects, representing a thousand species. On the return of the Expedition this material was distributed to a dozen spec- ialists, who have worked up the various groups. The resulting papers, 18 in number, are here brought together in two volumes. The collections contained at least half a dozen new genera, 344 new species, and a still larger number previously unknown from Alaska. In most instances the special papers deal only with the ma- terial brought back by the Expedition, but in a few cases, as in the Hymenoptera, the previously known records from Alaska are added, so that the paper presents a summary of existing knowledge of the group. In one little known group (the Myria- poda) the available data for northwestern North America are assembled. The resulting paper, it is believed, will be of great value to future workers in this neglected field. In a few instances authors have treated the types of their new species in a very loose manner, in some cases recording speci- mens from numerous localities, stretching along the coast for more than a thousand miles, as ‘‘type specimens” of a single species! The Editor wishes to disclaim responsibility for the nebulous and undifferentiated conception of a type implied in statements of this kind. A number of the papers have been published in the Proceed- ings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, and are here reprinted from the same electrotype plates, so that they may be quoted as the original. Facing each of these papers in an ex- (v) vi PREFACE planatory page giving a detailed account of the changes made in the present volume. The Introduction, by Professor Kin- caid, and the papers on Myriapoda and Homoptera, are now published for the first time. C. Hart Merriam, £ditor. WaAsHINGTON, D. C., May 1- 1903. CONTENTS PAGE PPM ACIiexcvocssiesecchiowscccecescsssesence veeseeesessoveges ec ecccccoes cosesses v COR LELURTIA TIONS, 5500555008 sssascevspesiscoscsiisessoasevssses eobsaas ix EMTRODUCTION, By Trevor Kincaid.,...........:cscccsccsccsccecessesce I ARACHNIDA. By Nathan Banks..............ccscccssccscessecssccssevase 35 MIMI ES CN. Dia COOK. 5.0 cscs casdeccssscotesesbesvovseseosedessss 47 APTERYGOTA. By Justus Watson Folsom..........s..ssesessesseeeees 83 MeMEROMEERA, Dy As IN. Catidell...,...:0.00000scecsesssencescevvecsons 115 BREED at. oY LHEO, PETGaNnde.........dsoscesossccesccccevescoscersedes 119 HomorTera. By William H. Ashmead...............csccsceeseeseees 127 TIRUEROPTHRA, By ©. Heidemann...........0..ccsccssessovscccssseees 139 ITM ENE SOOUANE SICUITIC .(,) oncrccnseccesssscscsvacseesscvescscesce 145 NeEvurorTerorp Insects. By Nathan Banks..............cscseeeeeeee 155 SEGEROPTERA. -BY-Fl. A. SChwWarz...4s:.sccsescsccsscscsveccevescssseses 169 MezramorPHosEs oF ALASKA CoLEoPpTERA. By Trevor Kin- EEG eas signa fav ack evircys¥ee ssedancesscenceretavhucssvssSoenehsoscess 187 LEPIDOPTERA. By Harrison G. Dyat............cscccessecescscecceves 211 NR eT ONCas us Uai cones iels sascceeeesvounntsscasedeosebss vescncapteessevesse (aaQ (vii) ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES PLATE PAGE I. Insects of Alaska.............:0.00 Bicep das cvagsas .Frontispiece Fic. 1. Platarctia subnebulosa Dyar. 2. Bombus mixtuosus Ashm. 3. Volucella facialis Will. 4. Sirex flavicornis Fab. 5. Cychrus angusticollis Fisch. 6. Carabus truncaticollis Fisch. 4. Tenthredo dissimilis Kincaid. 8. Leucorhinia hudsonica (Selys.). 9. Tipula septentrionalis Loew, short-winged form. 10. Tipula septentrionalis Loew, long -winged form. BR REACUIMGA savy sist scvesevedersskiencpsese’ seaaeus Wien een 46 PETE VA NIIB DOOR er siaohudss seep tenn ivesvbstcbuessesctnascabsese 78-82 Ril tea EMENCE VOUS sphcsse ack ise scbecasserescevsvoncsaeace snot 106-114. Peg Lbs INCUTOPLCTOIG. LNSECES.. J... 0...0cessseeccscsceassvceos 166-168 PIMA VIT. Larvee of Coleoptera... cc.ceccsccsesccsoeacvovoeces 202-210 TEXT FIGURES FIGURE PAGE MIME MEALS) ee ncd sul sncuy fotcugdoanave sacnsinssendiecveswadnerceses 6 2. Indian village, Fox Point, Southeastern Alaska........ ee 8 3. Islands near Sitka......... Rsatestioi ts vssscnersh'erachsvi kaehtesee 13 MEPL ERE BAR SSH, «5 casa ps iosscowenedne tse seins svarvsvovasspese 14 RN MEM AU Acta ety ogo as savas sinediesoscuincciszssceucnosss vvossad 17 esse Ae CRICALIAT OF -FAOMIOPLET As... .secrs.sssunvsesereesssverecdoecses » 135-137 (ix) a . ae c 4 > THE INSECTS OF ALASKA INTRODUCTION BY TREVOR KINCAID THE voyage of the Harriman Alaska Expedition gave an opportunity for an entomological reconnaissance of the coastal regions of Alaska. As no such opportunity had previously oc- curred, and as the writer was the only member of the party especially interested in this branch of science, the duty devolved upon him of securing as large a representation as possible of the insect fauna. Fortunately the conditions were more favor- able than is usually the case in explorations of these northern latitudes. Every convenience that experience could suggest had been provided through the forethought of those in charge of the Expedition, and the work was further facilitated by the careful organization of the party. Moreover, the labors of the collector were only slightly interfered with by unpropitious weather, which is the more remarkable in a region noted for its excessive humidity and long-continued rains. (1) 2 ALASKA INSECTS Recognizing the fact that almost nothing was known con- cerning the insect fauna of Alaska outside of the orders Cole- optera and Lepidoptera, a special effort was made to secure representatives of those groups which, from the small size or obscure habits of their members, had not hitherto been collected in the Territory. This endeavor was so successful that the result- ing collection contains by far the most extensive general series of insects ever brought from the region. It will enable ento- mologists to form an idea of the rich field that awaits them in this vast northern possession of the United States. The collection embraced in all more than 5,500 pinned insects, together with a considerable series of Arachnida, Myriapoda, and larval forms preserved in alcohol, making a total of about 8,000 specimens. With this material was combined, after the re- turn of the Expedition, a small series of Alaska insects collected by the writer while with the Fur Seal Commission in 1897, and a few specimens derived from other sources which happened to be present in the collections of the U. S. National Museum. The collections were made between the first of June and the first of August, 1899. Except a small number of specimens obtained in British Columbia, all of the material was collected in Alaska. Most of the stops were made going northward and westward, a few on the return journey. Collections were made at the following localities, which for convenience are arranged in geographical sequence, with date of visit: Lowe Inlet, June 3; Fox Point, July 26-27; Metlakatla, June 4; Farragut Bay, June 5; Taku Inlet, June 5-6; Juneau, June 6-8 and July 25; Muir Inlet, June 8-12; Sitka, June 14-17; Yakutat Bay, June 18-23; Virgin Bay, Prince William Sound, June 25-26; Orca, Prince William Sound, June 27; Seldovia, Kenai Penin- sula, July 21; Kukak Bay, Alaska Peninsula, June 30—July 5 ; Kadiak, July 20; Popof Island, July 7-18. Upon the return of the Expedition the collections were care- fully labeled and the specimens assorted into groups, after which they were transmitted to Dr. L. O. Howard, Chief of the Division of Entomology of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and Honorary Curator of Insects in the U. S. National Museum, for distribution to specialists for study and report. INTRODUCTION 3 As a result of these investigations there has been published in the Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences a series of sixteen papers based upon the entomological material thus distributed. Two others are here published for the first time. The writer, as entomologist of the Expedition, wishes to thank the various authors for their promptness in reporting upon this material. On bringing together the data derived from these several sources, it was found that the number of species included in the entire collection was approximately 1,000, of which 344 were considered by the specialists to whom they were intrusted to be new to science. Descriptions of these new forms will be found in the following pages. The list also includes over twenty spe- cies hitherto recorded only from Europe, thus adding to the growing list of insects known to exist upon both the American and European continents. The number of previously described species, new species, and total number of species collected, arranged by orders, are here given. Insecta. Described Species. New Species. Total. PEDEOPVSOUA ac cane csensievericocs 8 6 14 Neuropteroids...........s00cces00 2 5 9 34 RPMDRGIRY Succ ces apsesccdsdeenacieses ° RORED ODUCT cayscsaacesctscnvsecusoss : ° ; P Heteroptera..... I ° I sremaiyere Homoptera...... 14 10 24 MIGIOODEETA, socscseccnsvcrssetssesss 154 I 155 RIND MERA ctoscuecbexsssiseesesosbse sie 213 63 276 DEDIDOPUCESsncseinccscecessconscers 66 9 75 Hymenoptera........scesecossceere 98 237 335 DEPTIADOOG,.cc5c05ecnso¥ouceses esos 6 3 9 MEPRCOTNOG os casccksccnacsecasesiess 46 6 52 DORGNaeiicssavecavekeo ase saeco 657 344 1,001 An effort was made to record, while in the field, such data as seemed worthy of preservation as a preliminary study of the biology of Alaska insects. It was hoped that some observa- tions might be made bearing upon the adaptations of these forms of life to the peculiar climatic conditions of the coastal regions of Alaska. At Sitka, for instance, the annual precipitation attains the enormous total of 105 inches, and at Unalaska, in the Aleutian Islands, it is but little less. Another feature con- 4 ALASKA INSECTS stantly kept in mind was the relation between the insect fauna and the northern flora. Through the courtesy of the botanists of the Expedition, the writer has been furnished with identi- fications of the plants which he collected incidentally in connec- tion with this work. It is needless to say that the great length of the itinerary, together with the shortness of the stops possible at most of the stations, were hardly propitious for thorough observations along these lines. Such work can only be properly carried forward by resident naturalists with time at their disposal to follow the course of the seasons from one year to another. But such general facts as were observed are set down for the benefit of those who shall subsequently visit these regions and investigate more fully the natural history. The conditions are so different in different parts of the Alaska coast that it seems desirable to summarize briefly, from the entomological standpoint, the special features of each stopping place, including the more important discoveries, and such ob- servations upon the biology of the insects as time and circum- stances permitted. LOWE INLET, BRITISH COLUMBIA June 3.— The first landing made by the Expedition was at this small settlement on the northern shores of British Colum- bia, where several hours were spent in making collections. The clearings about the village were thickly overgrown with a tangle of plants belonging to species common along the coasts of Wash- ington and Vancouver Island, as the salmon-berry (Aeudus spec- tabilis), wild currant (Atbes bracteosum), and elder-berry (Sam- bucus racemosus), all of which were in bloom. Several other familiar plants were also in evidence, as the yellow violet ( Vzo/a glabella) and the dwarf cornel (Cornus canadensis). Insects were by no means abundant, but by dint of consider- able sweeping a number of species were brought to light, prin- cipally Diptera, of which group 23 species were taken. About the flowers of the salmon-berry several Syrphide hovered, in- cluding Sphegina infuscata Loew, Baccha obscuricornis Meig., Platychirus peltatus Meig., and Melanostoma mellinum (L.). INTRODUCTION 5 About the same flowers darted a swarm of Empide, comprising three species—thamphomyia corvina Loew, Empis triangula sp. nov. Coq., and Microphorus flavipilosus sp. nov. Coq. Another insect that was extremely common was Bibio variabilis Loew. In sweeping through the grass and low herbage several interesting Mycetophilidz were captured, including Diadocidia borealis sp. nov. Coq. and Sciara tridentata Ribs., the latter originally described from Greenland. Two species of Tipulide were taken in the same manner; one of these, Ahypholophis afinis Lund., is recorded from Greenland, the other, Z7yicy- phona vitripennis (Doane), from the State of Washington. Very few beetles were in evidence. Amphichroum testaceum occurred in vast numbers at the flowers of the salmon-berry. Hypnoides musculus Esch. was found beneath stones along the beach, while Podabrus piniphilus Esch. crawled about among the foliage. Of Hymenoptera, the most conspicuous were the bumble-bees, of which several species were noticed visiting the salmon-berry. A single saw-fly, Zenthredo ferrugineipes Nort., was swept from a branch of elder-berry, while an Ichneumon caught among the grass was found by Mr. Ashmead to represent a new species, Philonygus glacialis Ashmead. METLAKATLA, ALASKA june 4.—A stop of half a day was made at this interesting missionary village, on Annette Island, at the extreme southeast- ern limit of Alaska territory. The vicinity of the settlement is rather favorable for the operations of the entomologist, since it is open and marshy, with scattered clumps of scrub pine (Pinus contorta) and occasional pools and small lakes. In the marshy ground were found in full bloom many of the most characteristic plants of southeastern Alaska, including Pinguz- cula vulgaris, Coptis trifolia, Menyanthes trifoliata, Sieversia calthifolia, Drosera longifolia, Nephrophyllidium cristagalli, Empetrum nigrum, Rubus chamemorus, Lysichiton kamtschat- ense, Habenaria hyperborea, and Dodecatheon viviparum. Amidst this array of blossoms Diptera were very numerous, and the net soon yielded over thirty species. At the flowers of 6 ALASKA INSECTS Menyanthes, the principal visitors were Zristalis occidentalis Will., Veoascia globosa L., and Melanostoma mellinum (L.). At Nephrophyllidium the only insect taken was Me/anostoma mellinum (L.), while at Szeversia a number of Muscidz were captured, as well as one species of Syrphide (JZe/anostoma lrichophus Thomson). In the spathes of Lysichiton, a beetle (Donacia femoralis Kby.) was found at work devouring pollen, and here also occurred the fly, Syrphus ribesit L. Sweeping brought to light a number of Diptera hidden in the grass and herbage, including five Tipulide, of which two were FIG. I. METLAKATLA. new (Zipula strigata Coq. and Tipula gelida Coq.); three species of Empide, all of which were new (Zmfpis fumida Coq., Rhamphomyia glauca Cog., and Rhamphomyia anthracodes Cogq.); and two species of Dolichopodide, Dolichopus longi- manus Loew being especially abundant. Of the Muscidz, the most interesting were Orthocheta pilosa (Zett.), a European species not previously known from America, and Gdoparea glauca Coq., a new species of Sciomyzide. With the exception of water beetles, the Coleoptera do not thrive in very marshy places, only six species being found, and these of an uninteresting character, except Stenus umbraiii.s Casey, which was new to Alaska, although known from British Columbia. The same may be said of the Heteroptera, since INTRODUCTION 7 only one, Gerris rufoscutellatus, a widespread species, was observed. Of the small number of Hymenoptera captured, the most interesting were two species of ants discovered in a decay- ing pine stump. They were representatives of two genera (Leptothorax yankee kincaidi Pergande and Formica neoru- jibarbis Emery), and, with the exception of one species, are the first members of this group to be recorded from Alaska. The Yormica was subsequently found as far west as Kadiak. Excepting a few bumble-bees (Bombus juxtus Cr.), no other representatives of this order were seen, aside from two species of saw-flies. One of these (7enthredo erythromera Prov.) was already known from Vancouver Island, while the second was a new species of Monophadnus (M. insularis Kincaid). Only two species of Lepidoptera were captured — moths of the families Geometridz and Tortricide. Rheumaptera has- tata L. was very common here, as well as at several localities subsequently visited. The second species has been described by Dr. Fernald as Phoxopteris kincaidiana sp. nov. Eight spiders and two Myriapods complete the list of captures at this point. Both of the latter are of interest, one of them (Parajulus alaskanus Cook) being new to science, while the other, a little hairy Diplopod of the genus Polyxenus (P. pugetensis Kincaid), was originally described from the State of Washington. FOX POINT july 26-27.— This name is applied to an Indian village at the extreme southeastern corner of the Alaska mainland. It was once populous, but is now deserted. It was the last station touched at by the Expedition on the return journey. Although the season was well advanced for this section of the country, some summer plants were still in bloom, more especially certain of the Umbellifere. At these plants 23 species of Diptera were captured, the most notable of which were Syrphide: Pipiza pisticocdes Will., Syrphus velutinus Will., Spherophoria sulphuripes (Thomson), Eristalis flavipes Walk., Zristalis obscuris Loew, Criorhina armillata O.S., 8 ALASKA INSECTS Criorhina scitula Will.; Tachinide, five species, including Paraphyto borealis sp. nov. Coq. The bumble-bees collected were of four species — 2. oregon- ensis Cr., B. alaskensis sp.nov. Ashm., B. mixtuosus sp. nov. Ashm., and B. dimidiata sp. nov. Ashm. The Sphegoidea were represented by Clytochrysus gracilissimus (Pack.) and Mimesa propingua sp. nov. Kincaid, the Vespoidea by Odynerus albo- phaleratus Sauss. Three Ichneumonide found at the above FIG. 2. INDIAN VILLAGE, FOX POINT mentioned Umbelliferee were determined by Mr. Ashmead ‘as fthyssa alaskensis sp. nov., Enicospilus purgatus (Say), and Rhogas harrimani sp. nov. A few beetles were collected, but none of these were of special interest. The same may be said of the Heteroptera, of which only three species were secured. Homoptera were represented by a leaf-hopper, three species of Apha/ara, and one of Psylla. Several butterflies were netted as they fluttered along a path- way — the only examples seen of Papilio machaon aliaska Edw. and Vanessa milberti Godt. FARRAGUT BAY June 5.—A short stop was made at this point, but the conditions were unfavorable for collecting. Turning over some of the débris along the shore, eight species of Coleoptera were discovered. One of these proved to be a new species (Vedria kincaidi Schwarz), while another (Telephorus divisus Lec.) INTRODUCTION 9 was new to Alaska, although known to occur in British Co- lumbia. Four interesting Diptera were taken in the same situation with the above — Didyma pullula Van der Wulp, a Tachinid origi- nally described from Mexico; Chirosta glauca Coq., a new species of Anthomyid; APéilotus politus (Will.), a Borborid originally described from California; G@doparea glauca Coq., a new form of the family Sciomyzidz, specimens of which had already been taken at Metlakatla. In addition to these a Syr- phid (Sphegina tnfuscata) was captured at the flowers of a spe- cies of Lupinus. A single caddice-fly found beneath a stone proved to be Asynarchus punctatissimus (Walker), a widely distributed representative of the group. JUNEAU June 7 and July 25.—A short stay was made at Juneau on June 4, during the northward journey of the Expedition, but the con- ditions were not favorable for the collection of insects. On the return trip a day (July 25) was spent at this locality, and a better opportunity was afforded to study the entomological conditions of the region. At the rear of the town a good collecting ground was found about the shores of a small pond in a deep hollow. Here were growing dense patches of Efclobium spicatum and numerous other plants. Over thirty species of Diptera were captured, including ten species of Syrphide. Most of the latter had already been collected at other localities, the only exceptions being Syrphus gracilis sp. nov. Coquillett and Xylota barbata Loew. Other interesting Diptera were Ahamphomyia setosa Coq. and Sepsis flavimana Meigen, the latter a European species not previously known from the American continent. Bumble-bees were quite common on the blossoms of Zpi/obiwm spicatum, including Bomédus nearcticus Handl., B. melanopy- gus Nyl., B. oregonensis Cr., and Psithyrus tnsularis (Smith). Ichneumonoidea were also abundant among the herbage, and yielded ten species, of which eight were new to science, includ- ing a new genus (//yposyntactus Ashmead). Dragon-flies were common about the edge of the pond, but all were of a single species, Znallagma calverti Morse. Io ALASKA INSECTS The list of insects taken at Juneau is completed by a few beetles, two moths, a single true-bug, a Neuropteroid insect (Chloroperla pacifica Banks), and six species of Arachnida. On crossing to Douglas City, on the opposite side of the channel from Juneau, a few additional captures were made, mainly at the blossoms of Achillea millefolium. MUIR INLET, GLACIER BAY june 9-12.—For four days the members of the Expedition explored the shores of Glacier Bay in the vicinity of the Muir Glacier. On the 9th the writer formed one of a party to visit a small island in the bay just opposite the face of the glacier. It was found to consist mainly of glacial débris, and was thickly overgrown with shrubs and flowering plants, including Sedum roseum, Fragaria chiloensis, Astragalus alpinus, Dryas octo- petala, Chamenerion latifolium, a species of Taraxacum, and several species of Salix. The stones along the shore of this little island concealed numerous beetles, mostly Carabidae, which scampered away when their hiding places were disturbed. Among the captures made in this way were WVebria mannerheimi Fisch., Nebria metallica Fisch., Pterostichus riparius Dej., Pterostichus luczoté Dej., Bembidium complanatum Mann., Bembidium bimaculatum Kby., Amara remotestriata Dej., and Calathus ingratus De}. On the following day a party was conveyed in a naphtha launch to a point on the shore of the bay several miles from the foot of the glacier. Here a favorable collecting ground was selected and the day was spent in exploring the neighborhood. The soil of the entire region was evidently of recent glacial origin, and in the gravelly débris a growth of coniferous trees was attempting to establish itself. Dense thickets of alder and willow made traveling somewhat difficult. Among the more conspicuous plants in bloom were Caltha palustris, Anemone multifida, Anemone parviflora, Dodecatheon paucifiorum, Aqui- legia formosa, Ranunculus occidentalis, Silene acaulis, Arabis ambigua, Petasites frigida, and Primula egalikensis. The plant whose blossoms seemed to attract the greatest number of insects was Caltha palustris. The visitors were INTRODUCTION Il mostly Diptera, and among them were the following —Syr- phide: Jelanostoma mellinum (L.), Syrphus contumax O.S.., Syrphus glacialis (Johnson), Helophilus dychei Will., and Eristalis tenax; Empide: HRhamphomyia setosa Coq., Hil- ara transfuga Walk.; Scatophagide: Scatophaga islandica Becker, Cordylura vittipes Loew, Cordylura preusta Loew; Phoride: ZTrineura aterrima (Fabr.); Anthomyide: Hyeto- desia brunneinervis (Stein), Homalomyia flavivaria sp. nov. Coq., and Phorbia biciliata sp. nov. Coq. Resting upon the under surfaces of the leaves of the same plant, but never appear- ing on the flowers, were vast numbers of a species of Psy- chodide, Pericoma bipunctata Kin., originally described from Washington and California. The willows also were well supplied with visitors, among which may be mentioned the following — Mycetophilide : Boletina grenlandica Staeger; Bibionide: Brbio variadbilis Loew, Dilophus serraticollis Walk. ; Syrphide: Syrphus gla- cialis (Johnson), Melanostoma mellinum (L.); Empide : Rham- phomyia albopilosa sp. nov. Coq. In sweeping among the herbage three species of Tipulide were netted— 7ricyphona diaphana Doane, Dicranota argentea Doane, and Tipula tene- brosa sp. nov. Coq. Resting among the foliage of the willow bushes were several saw-flies, including Dolerus sericeus Say and Tenthredo vari- picta Nort., while at the blossoms of the same plant occurred the bumble-bees Boméus melanopygus Nyl. and Psithyrus insularis (Smith). On the afternoon of June 10 an effort was made to climb one of the high hills to the left of the glacier, where the steep slope rises to the height of about two thousand feet. For some dis- tance the hillside was dotted with clumps of alders and dwarf willows. At the blossoms of the latter bumble-bees were com- mon, and here also was taken a single male specimen of Andrena JSrigida Smith, noteworthy as the first of the solitary bees to be discovered in Alaska. On the same slope were found the first butterflies of the Expedition, Pieris napi bryonie Ochs., as well as two moths, Petrophora borealis Hulst and Phosopleris kin- catdiana sp. nov. Fernald. I2 ALASKA INSECTS The last day was spent in exploring the district at the west- ern side of the glacier. Among the morainic material left be- hind by the ice in its retreat, numerous plants soon take root, among the very first being the willow-herb (Chamenerion Jati- Jolium), the brilliant blossoms of which brighten the shattered rocks. The only insects captured at the flowers of this species were the Syrphid Platychirus aeratus Cog., and, more abun- dantly, Limnophora nobilis Zett. and Spania edeta Walker, the latter one of the few representatives of the Xylophagide found in Alaska. Many minute Ichneumonide also were taken in the sweep net, and several of these were subsequently found to be new. Above the western edge of the glacier, on a ledge of glacial débris, several small ponds were discovered in which a large number of aquatic Coleoptera and Hemiptera disported them- selves. Of the latter there were two species, Cordsa convexa Fieber and Corisa preusta Fieber. The beetles were of three species, Deronectes griseostriatus DeG., Hydroporus signatus Dej., and Agabus trist’s Aubé. Of the last-mentioned species numerous larve were also secured beneath the débris along the shore. In the same pond were numbers of caddice-fly larvae, but only one adult insect was taken. It has been described by Mr. Banks as Asynarchus fumosus sp. nov. Apterygota were quite common under the stones upon the moraines. Four species were taken, three of which were new to science, Eniomobrya kincaidi Folsom, Papirius palmatus Folsom, and Machilis arctica Folsom. The Arachnida were well represented at this point, since fifteen species, including three new forms, were. collected without any special effort. Myriapoda were not common, the only species found being Conotyla atrolineata (Bollman). SITKA June 14-17.—The neighborhood of Sitka has been perhaps more carefully investigated than any other section of Alaska. Here the Russian naturalists made their most important col- lections, and those who have followed in their footsteps have usually made Sitka their rendezvous. And with very good INTRODUCTION 13 reason, for there is no doubt that the characteristic flora and fauna of the coastal region of southeastern Alaska here attain their most perfect development. After traversing the vast stretch of rocky, and in the main inhospitable, coast line between Vancouver Island and Sitka, it is with a sense of deepest pleasure that the naturalist sets foot within the noble forests of Sitka spruce and follows the winding pathways that traverse the great natural park on the banks of Indian River. For three days the members of the Expedition a Cay Pep di FIG. 3- ISLANDS NEAR SITKA. had the privilege of delving in this primeval forest in search of biological treasures. To one accustomed to the forests of western Washington, the scenery seemed strangely familiar. The conifers were indeed of different species, but of the same general character, while the underwood was composed of shrubs and flowering plants identical in many cases with those found farther south. There were tangled thickets of salmon-berry (Rubus spectabilis) and elder-berry (Saméucus), with here and there clumps of the inhospitable devil’s club (Panax horridum). Gloomy spots were lighted up by the broad green leaves and yellow spathes of the skunk cabbage (Lysichiton). At the river’s edge grew dense growths of willow and wild currant (ibes bracteosum). Among the less conspicuous vegetation many familiar plants greet the sojourner from the south, for example, the spring-beauty (Claytonia sibirica), mitrewort 14 ALASKA INSECTS ( Tiarella trifoliaia), yellow violet (Viola glabella), and Os- morrhiza nuda. Undoubtedly, of all the plants in bloom at this season the greatest favorite with flower-visiting insects was the salmon- berry. Its long period of blooming, its widely opened blossoms, and its abundant, easily accessible nectar, render it an attractive rendezvous for insects. The pendant form of the flowers is also important, as the flaring corolla sheds the rain, and in this way not only protects the nectaries, but also provides a shelter for visiting insects during the frequent showers. In the short time at our dis- posal it was of course impos- sible to do more than make a hasty collection of the more conspicuous insects, but the re- sults show what a rich harvest awaits more thorough investi- gation. More than 200 species were collected, of which 34 were new to science, several new to America, and many rep- resented additions to the fauna of Alaska. As usual, the Diptera form the predominant feature of the insect fauna, not only in spe- cies, but also in abundance of individuals. At hours when the sun shone the air fairly swarm- ed with Diptera and other flying insects. The most abundant flies were Bibro variabilis and Dilophus serraticollis, the latter occurring in countless numbers in the blossoms of the salmon- berry. The same flower furnished a harboring place for num- bers of Syrphide, of which nine species were secured: Chilosia plutonia Hunter, Melanostoma mellinum (L.), Platychirus pelta- tus (Meigen), Platychirus albimanus Fabr., Syrphus diversipes Macq., Syrphus amalopis O. S., Baccha obscuricornis Loew., Sphegina infuscata Loew., Brachyopa noiaiaO.S., Sericomyia FIG. 4. FOREST NEAR SITKA. A 3 INTRODUCTION 15 chalcopyga Loew., Criorhina tricolor sp. nov. Coq., and Zris- talis occidentalis Will. Of these the most abundant were Chz/o- sta plutonia and Sphegina infuscata. Platychirus albimanus is a European species and an addition to the American fauna. Perhaps the most striking feature of the dipterous fauna at this point was a large number of species and individuals of the family Empide. No less than fifteen species were swept from the bushes bordering the pathways. This series includes repre- sentatives of six genera (Empis, Gloma, Microphorus, Rham- phomyta, Ocydromia, and Platypalpus), and of the species ten were new to science. The most abundant species were Empzs virgata Coq. and Empis triangula sp. nov. Cov. _ Among other interesting Diptera taken at this place may be mentioned the Chironomid named by Mr. Coquillett Chasma- tonotus univittatus sp. nov., Sctara expolita sp. nov. Coq., Beris annulifera Bigot (the only representative of the Strati- omyidze seen upon the Expedition), eleven species of Antho- myide, including two previously undescribed, and two species of Loncheide (Lonchea albitarsis Zett. and L. deutchi Zett.), both additions to the American fauna. No special effort was made to collect Coleoptera, since this order has been thoroughly collected by the Russians and others, but over 50 species were taken, including several new to the fauna of Alaska, namely, Agyrtes longulus Lec., Ser- cosomus tncongruus Lec., and Eros letus Mots. With the exception of the common white Prer7s no butterflies were taken at Sitka, but 17 species of moths appear in the col- lection. Most of them belong to the families Noctuide and Geometride. The latter family included one new form, Tephroclistis flebilis sp. nov. Hulst. It is evident that the extreme humidity of this and other sec- tions of Alaska is not favorable to the higher Hymenoptera. No fossorial Hymenoptera were found at Sitka, but a wasp (Vespa borealis Kirby) was taken at the blossom of Menzzesia Jerruginea. Diligent search among the fallen timber revealed three colonies of ants belonging to the species Formica neoru- Jibarbis Em., Lasius niger sitkensis Pergande, and Myrmica sulcinodoides Em. . 16 ALASKA INSECTS The Apoidea were represented almost exclusively by mem- bers of the genus Bombus (B. californicus Smith and B. alaskensis sp. nov. Ashmead). These, together with Pszthyrus insularts (Smith), occurred at the blossoms of the salmon-berry. A solitary female specimen of Andrena frigida Smith was swept from the catkin of a willow, and thus furnished a com- panion in the collection for the male of the same species taken a few days previously at the Muir Glacier. Of the Ichneumonoidea, a rather small series was secured, comprising only 17 species; but of these only five were pre- viously known, the remaining twelve having been described as new by Mr. Ashmead. One of them was made the type of a new genus (Dadlatorrea). The Tenthredinoidea seem to thrive in these northern regions better than their higher relatives, since sixteen species were ob- tained by sweeping among the shrubbery. The family Lydide was represented by three species — /tycorsia marginiventris Cr., Cephaleia nigropectus Cr., and Bactroceros sitkensis sp. nov. Kincaid; the Selandriide by Zrythraspides ashmeadit sp. nov. Kincaid and Pecilostomidea maculata Nort. ; the Nematidz by Pachynematus ocreatus Ugtn., Pristtphora lena sp. nov., and Pteronus rivularis sp. nov. Kincaid; the Tenthredinide by Dolerus sericeus Say and seven species of Tenthredo: T. fer- rugineipes Cr., T. varipicta Nort., T. evansit Ugtn., 7. lineata Prov., 7. nigricollis Kby., T. erythromera Prov., and T. mela- nosoma Hgtn. These large and beautiful saw-flies form a most conspicuous feature of the insect fauna. Of the Neuropteroids eight species were encountered, mostly forms known to exist in other regions of America, the only ex- ception being a caddice-fly described by Mr. Banks as Limne- philus harrimant. The Hemiptera, as was the case at most points, were poorly represented. Of Heteroptera only three were seen— Irbisia sericans Stal., Scolopostethus thompsoni Reuter, and Corisa preusta Fieber. The Homoptera were more nu- merous, seven species of leaf-hoppers comprising the list, but all of these were previously known from other sections of America. th basis INTRODUCTION 17 Of Apterygota, Mr. Folsom found six species in the collec- tion made at Sitka, three of which were new to science. Ten species of Arachnida, including two new forms, and two Chilopods (Parajulus alaskanus sp. nov. Cook and Geophilus alaskanus sp. nov. Cook) complete the list of Sitka Arthropods. YAKUTAT June 18-22.— On June 18 a party landed at the village of Yakutat, and for three days a camp was established upon a sand spit close to the settlement. Although the weather was showery, a diligent effort was made to secure as large a series of insects as the time would permit. The region about Yakutat Bay is densely timbered, and back from the coast rugged hills rise almost from the water’s edge FIG. 5. YAKUTAT. and make the interior almost impassable. It was soon discov- ered that very few living things were to be found in this gloomy forest. Most of the life was confined to the narrow zone be- tween high-tide and the edge of the timber, where rich banks of vegetation were spread out in the sunlit spaces. The prin- cipal element in these thickets was the ubiquitous salmon-berry, with here and there patches of devil’s club, huckleberry, and wild currant. At intervals the rugged shore gave way to stretches of level sandy ground upon which numerous flowering plants found an opportunity for development, the most notable being the strawberry (/vagaria chiloensis), tufts of lupine, the 18 ALASKA INSECTS wild pea-vine (Lathyrus maritimus), with isolated clumps of alder and willow. Occasional marshy spots and small ponds supported a different vegetation, including Habenaria, Nephro- phyllidium cristagalli, Caltha palustris, and other aquatic plants. Immediately in front of the village a small island stands out in the bay. Upon this our party found an extensive patch of strawberry plants in full bloom. Here also occurred several tufts of Heracleum lanatum with the umbels partially opened. This plant is a great favorite with flower-visiting insects, but was not yet sufficiently advanced to welcome any guests. The insect fauna of Yakutat is evidently very closely related to that of Sitka, but not so rich, since the environment is not so diversified. In all 164 species of insects were taken, of which 37 were new to science, but many of these had been already collected at Sitka. As usual the Diptera predominated in the collections, the list in this group comprising 63 species. The Syrphide were very abundant. Of the eleven species secured here six had already been collected at Sitka, while five appeared here for the first time —Chilosia borealis sp. nov. Coquillett, Chzlosta alaskensis Hunter, Chzilosia lasiopthalma Will., Syrphus glactalis (John- son), and Syrphus macularis (Zett.). This latter species, ac- cording to Mr. Coquillett, is a European form not hitherto known from America. Most of the Syrphidz were taken at the flowers of the straw- berry, including Chzlosta alaskensts Hunter, Chilosia lasiop- thalma Will., Chilosia borealis sp. nov., Syrphus amalopis O. S., Syrphus glactalis (Johnson), Sphegina infuscata Loew, and Brachyopa notata O. S. The remaining species were swept from the blossoms of the salmon-berry, comprising Syrphus diversipes Macq., Syrphus macularis (Zett.), Melanostoma mellinum (L.), and Chilosia plutonia Hunter. The family Empide was represented by eleven species, of which the most common was Ampis virgata Coq. Eight of these had already been observed at Sitka, but three were unfa- miliar —Empis clauda sp. nov. Coquillett, Gloma obscura Loew, and Rhamphomyia disparilis sp. nov. Coq. INTRODUCTION 19 The Dolichopodide included Dolichopus plumipes (Scop.), previously taken at Sitka, and Porphyrops consobrinus Zett., a European form not previously recorded from the American con- tinent. ; Other interesting Diptera were: Telmatogeton alaskensis sp. noy. Coquillett, a strange Chironomid representing a genus not previously known to exist in America; seven species of Tipu- lide, including 77fula cineracea sp. nov. Coquillett; Boletina tnops sp. nov. Coq., one of the Mycetophilide; Phytomyza flavicornis Fallen, a European species of Agromyzide not pre- viously known from America. The Coleoptera were not abundant, but, by dint of tearing off loose bark and turning over fallen timber, 43 species, mostly Staphylinide, were gathered. None of these proved to be of special interest, but several were found to be new to the fauna of Alaska, including Stenus insularis Casey, Orobanus simu- lator Lec., and Ditylus guadricollis Lec. _ No butterflies were observed at Yakutat, and very few moths appear in the collection. Only one representative of the Apoidea appeared — Bomdbus mixtuosus sp. nov. Ashmead. 'Tenthredinidae were compara- tively rare. Five species of Zenthredo were secured, but all had been previously found at Sitka, namely, 7. varzpicta Nort., ZT. evansit Hgtn., 7. flavomarginis Nort., 7. erythromera Prov., and 7. melanosoma Hgtn. Two new Nematids were taken in the sweep net—Pachynematus oronus Kincaid and Pteronus zebratus Kincaid. The parasitic Hymenoptera com- prised eighteen species of Ichneumonoidea, of which Mr. Ash- mead has described seventeen as new. The Neuropteroids yielded five species, of which three proved new. Spiders were not common, only twelve species appearing in the collection, but of these two have been described as new by Mr. Banks. VIRGIN BAY, PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND June 25-26.—A stop of a little over twenty-four hours at this point was hardly long enough to make extensive collections, hence the list from Virgin Bay includes only eid species, of which the majority are Diptera. 20 ALASKA INSECTS The region in which our camp was pitched was extremely boggy, with high mountains rising on every hand. The vege- tation was varied, and there is little doubt that the locality supports an extensive insect fauna. The party was landed at a late hour in the afternoon, but as Prince William Sound is near the ‘land of the midnight sun,” the writer started out with ambitious strides to climb one of the great rocky hills which rose from near sea level to an altitude of about three thousand feet. The first part of the route lay through a marsh brilliant with many-colored blossoms, including Iris setosa, Habenaria hyperborea, Menyanthes trifoliata, Ne- phrophyllidium cristagalli, Pinguicula villosa, and Pedicularis versicolor. The banks of a small stream were set with thickets of Rubus spectabilis and Panax horridum. ‘The lower slopes of the hillside were very steep and thickly clothed with dense coniferous forest. Here and there a grassy open space glittered with the yellow flowers of Szeversta calthifolia. On climbing above the forest the hill became much rougher and a different series of plants were encountered, the most striking being Anem- one narcissifora, Arcteranthis cooleye, and Orchis aristata. Still higher upon the rocky summit occurred the characteristic plants of high altitudes—tiny primroses, delicate Ericacez, and diminutive Saxifragacez, while near by were great snow banks filling the depressions where the sun’s rays fell with diminished force. In struggling through these drifts several dead or be- numbed insects were picked up from the ice. They had evi- dently been blown by the wind from warmer regions and had been chilled by sudden contact with the frigid air of the snow fields. At the very apex of the hill was a small pond in which were many tiny water-beetles (Hydroporus tristis Payk.), while about the margin fluttered pretty caddice-flies, determined by Mr. Banks as Limmnephilus nebulosus Kirby. Several moths were also taken at this altitude, including TZttacis hyperborea sp. nov. Hulst. From the mountain top a magnificent view was had of the surrounding country, notwithstanding the fact that midnight was close at hand. The flowers of Szeverséa seemed to attract numerous Diptera, especially Syrphide, and by sweeping among the patches of INTRODUCTION 21 this plant the following representatives of the family were se- cured: Chilosta occidentalis Will., Chilosia plutonia Hunter, Melanostoma mellinum (L.), Syrphus amalopis O.S., Syrphus mentalis Will., Syrphus diversipes Macq., Neoascia globosa Walk., and Brachyopa notata O. S. Several Syrphids were also taken at the flowers of WVephrophyllidium cristagalli — Myiolepia bella Will. and Eristalis occidentalis Will. Of the 47 species of Diptera captured at Virgin Bay all but 14 had been previously encountered at more southern stations, but among the unfamiliar forms Mr. Coquillett found several of considerable interest, including Ornithodes harrimant, a Tipulid for which he found it necessary to erect a new genus; Cy/in- drotoma juncta sp. nov. Coq.; Empis pellucida sp. nov. Coq., and Lhamphomyta macrura sp. nov. Coq., new typesof Empide ; and Ceratopogon hirtulus sp. nov. Coq., an addition to the family Chironomide. Of Coleoptera very few were collected, and the Hemiptera are represented by a single Capsid. Among the Hymenoptera may be mentioned Bombus mix- tuosus sp. nov. Ashmead, here seen for the first time, but col- lected later at stations farther west. The specimens were taken at the flowers of Rubus spectabilis. Upon a promontory jut- ting out into the bay was a considerable patch of Menzitesia fer- ruginea, among whose bell-like blossoms Vespa borealis Kirby was found busily extracting nectar. Of saw-flies the collection yielded six species, but none of these were of special interest. Several parasitic Hymenoptera were collected, including /chneu- mon kincaidit sp. nov. Ashmead and Zelotypa alaskensis sp. nov, Ashmead, the latter one of the Proctotrypide. At this locality Odonata were first noticed in considerable numbers. Two species were on the wing, but of these only one was captured — Leucorhinia hudsonica (Selys.). ORCA, PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND June 24-25 and 27-28. —Short stops, mainly at night, were made at this point, where an extensive salmon cannery has been erected. The district is so mountainous and inaccessible that very few insects were taken. 22 ALASKA INSECTS Several of the species, however, do not appear in the col- lections made at other localities, namely, Rhypholophus flaveolus sp. nov. Coq., one of the Tipulide; Leria fraterna (Loew), one of the Helomyzide originally described from Alaska; and three new species of Ichneumonide. SELDOVIA, KENAI PENINSULA July 21.— On July 21 a small party, including the entomol- ogist, was landed at this settlement with the expectation that an opportunity would be afforded to explore the neighborhood for several days, but circumstances arose rendering it necessary to embark on the steamer the following day. Itis a matter for regret that a more adequate opportunity was not offered for making collections at this locality, which promised to yield as rich a series of insects as any visited by the Expedition. The Kenai Peninsula is very rugged and in part heavily tim- bered, but the variety of flowering plants in bloom was surpris- ing. Within a radius of one hundred yards from our camp the writer collected over thirty species of plants in various stages of bloom, including Zpclobium spicatum, Rosa sp., Heracleum lanatum, Comarum palustre, Nuphar, Spirea, Pedicularis, Achillea millifolium, Ligusticum, Pyrola, Vicia, Lathyrus, Amelanchier, Galium, Potentilla, Aquilegia, Sanguisorba, and Oxytropis. The collection of insects comprised 115 species, but the ma- jority of these had already been seen at other points, either to the southward, at Yakutat and Sitka, or to the westward, at Kukak, Popof Island, and Kadiak. The principal novelties occurred in the Diptera, including Z7pula macrolabis Loew, originally described from Hudson Bay; Chilosia pulchripes Loew, a European Syrphid new to the American fauna and obtained also at Kukak; Chzlosia tristés Loew; Leucozona leucorum (L.), also taken at Popof Island; Lmzs brachysoma sp. nov. Coq.; Sepsis flavimana Meigen, a European species not pre- viously reported from America; Scatella setosa sp. nov. Coq. ; and Agromyza lacteipennis Fallen, another addition of Euro- pean insects to American lists. The collection of Coleoptera comprised twenty-two species, EEE INTRODUCTION 23 including several interesting beetles, such as the beautiful Pachyta liturata Kirby and Anaspis rufa Say, both of which were taken at the flowers of Ligusticum scoticum. Of Hymenoptera, as usual, the most conspicuous representa- tives were the bumble-bees, of which no less than five species were taken from the flowers of Zpzlobium spicatum, including Bombus couperi Cr., B. oregonensis Cr., B. polaris Curtis, B. sylvicola Kby., and Pstthyrus insularis (Smith). None of the other families of bees were represented, so far as discovered, but of the Sphegoidea two examples came to hand, Ectemnius parvulus (Pack.) and Blepharipus ater (Cr.), both of which oc- cur upon the flowers of Achzilea. The only saw-flies collected belong to the genus Tenthredo, of which seven species were taken— 7. ferrugineipes Cr., T. varipicta Nort., 7. evansii Ugtn., 7. flavomarginis Nort., 7. nigricolls Kirby, ZT. erythromera Prov., and 7. melanosoma Hgtn. The Kenai Peninsula would seem to be almost the western limit of some of these species of Tenthredo, since very few were found at Kukak, to the westward. Of parasitic Hymenoptera, the collection includes only nine species, of which Mr. Ashmead has described eight as new. Two butterflies and two moths compose the list of Lepidoptera. One of the butterflies was the common P%er7s, the other was Chrysophanus dorcas Kirby and occurred in great numbers at the flowers of Comarum palustre. The series of Hemiptera taken at Seldovia was unexpectedly large. Of Heteroptera six species were collected — Megalocera rujicornis Fallen, Mecomma gilvipes Stal, Lygus pratensis L., Wysius griénlandicus Zett.,Nabis favomarginis sibericus Reuter, and Aradus sp. Of Homoptera, four species were taken in the sweep net— Deltocephalus harrimant sp. nov. Ashmead, Cicadula sexnotata (Fallen), Cicadula fasciifrons (Stal), and Psylla alaskensis sp. nov. Ashmead. Dragon-flies were quite common along the margin of a small lake near camp, but seemed to be all of the single species Enallagma calverti Morse. Very little attention was paid to the collection of spiders, on account of lack of time, but the group seemed to be well rep- 24 ALASKA INSECTS resented. Eight species were reported by Mr. Banks in the material brought from this point. To the writer the most inter- esting Arachnid collected on the Expedition was secured here. This was a pseudoscorpion found living in great numbers beneath stones covered by flood tide. ‘These curious creatures seemed to be perfectly at home in this unusual habitat, and in many cases the lower surfaces of the stones were covered with silken bags full of their eggs or young. KUKAK BAY June 30-July 5. —Kukak Bay is a small indentation in the coast line of the mainland of the Alaska Peninsula north of Kadiak Island. Late in the night of June jo the steamer bearing the Harriman Alaska Expedition entered this bay and put off an exploring party of which the writer was a member. Since the waters in this region are dangerous for navigation, the ship could not approach very near the coast, so the landing was effected in one of the metallic life-boats of the vessel. For some time it was found difficult to land, owing to the partial darkness and the rocky character of the shore, which bristled with jagged volcanic fragments, but at break of day a suitable spot was observed whereon a landing was accomplished, and the party disembarked. On clambering up the shore the writer was astonished at the beauty of the region. The coniferous forest which had up to this time formed such a conspicuous feature of the landscape was entirely absent, the only trees in sight being a few groups of cottonwoods, while upon the hills in the background clumps of dwarf alders (A/zus sinuata) stood out as dark green patches. We were evidently in the transition between the forested area of Alaska and the great treeless region which stretches westward over the Aleutian Islands. It was subsequently discovered by our party that groups of spruce trees occur at some distance in the interior. No settlement exists at Kukak, the only evidence of human habitation being an abandoned log cabin, in which we took up our quarters. As soon as some refreshment was had, the party separated, in order to explore this interesting region. From an entomological standpoint it represented a new environment, aE INTRODUCTION 25 compared with the regions to the eastward, and the collection of the insect fauna was undertaken with the greatest enthusiasm. While trees were absent, the vegetation was extremely varied. The area about camp was a veritable garden of brilliant blos- soms, suggesting subtropical luxuriance, rather than the subarctic zone. Most beautiful of all were the orchids ( Orchis aristata and Cypripedium guttatum), which grew everywhere in the greatest profusion. The purple flowers of Geranium erianthum and Polemonium ceruleum were in evidence on all sides, while in spots the air was rendered odorous by extensive patches of Viola langsdorfit. Among the other plants were Lupinus nootkatensis, Mimulus langsdorfi, Fritillaria kamtschatensis, Habenaria dilatata, Campanula langsdorfiana, Pedicularis capitata, Heuchera glabra, Galium boreale, and Heracleum lanatum. 'The latter exercises a most profound attraction for insects of many kinds. As a rule the umbels were found crowded with Diptera of numerous species, saw-flies (Zen- thredo), beetles (Lepitalia), parasitic Hymenoptera and moths. The most marked feature of the insect fauna was not so much the number of species — of which 175 were secured — but rather the vast number of individuals. The writer has never witnessed a more active scene of insect life. Surprising as it may seem, especially in comparison with pre- vious localities, the Lepidoptera formed the most conspicuous feature of the insect fauna. The air was vibrant with the flut- tering wings of butterflies, of which seven species were quickly captured, including Parnassius smintheus D. & H., Brenthis myrina Cram., Cenonympha kodiak Edw., Eurymus paleno L., Pieris napi hulda Edw., Pieris napi acadica Edw., and Pamphila palemon Pall. The most abundant of all was Bren- this myrina, which hovered about in thousands, the blossoms of Geranium attracting them in large numbers. Caenonympha was also very common, while Parnassus was abundant only on the hill tops. Pamphila was quite rare. Moths also were common. Noctuide of five species were found upon the umbels of Heracleum lanatum, including Hadena tenera sp. nov. Smith, and Anarta etacta sp. nov. Smith. Of Geometride five species were taken, Rheumapiera 26 ALASKA INSECTS lugubris Staud. being the most abundant. Several specimens of this moth were captured with the pollinia of Wadenaria cling- ing to their heads. The remaining moths were three Pyralide, ~ two Tortricide, and a representative of the Sesiida, Ses¢a culici- Sormis L. ; The collection of Hymenoptera contained an interesting series. There were three species of bumble-bees — Bomédus frigidus Smith, B. sttkensis Nyl., and B. juxtus Cr. The Vespoidea were better represented than at any other locality visited by the Expedition, examples of three families being taken, as follows —Pompilide: Arachnophila septentrionalis sp. nov. Kincaid (at umbels of Heracleum); Vespide : Vespa marginata Kirby ; Eumenide: Odynerus albophaleratus Sauss. (also at flowers of fTeracleum). The Sphecoidea were represented by a Crabronid, Thyreopus vicinus (Cr.), taken at the same blossoms. The Tenthredinoidea included seventeen species, of which two-thirds were new. The list comprises representatives of the genera Fenusa; Paraselandria; Pachynematus (two species); Pristiphora (three species); Pontania (two species); Dolerus ; Limphytus; Trichiosoma (T. triangulum) ; and Tenthredo (five species — 7. ferrugineipes Cr., T. varipicta Nort., T. nigri- collis Kirby, 7. erythromera Prov., and 7. dissimulans sp. nov. Kincaid). The list of parasitic Hymenoptera as determined by Mr. Ashmead comprises 21 species, of which 15 were new, includ- ing a new genus (Harrimaniella). Of Diptera 68 species were captured. As usual the Empidze and Syrphidz were well represented, the former by 9, the latter by 14 species. In these families the more interesting captures were Empis poplitea sp. nov. Coq., Hilara aurata sp. nov. Coq., Hilara quadrivittata Meigen (a European species not previously recorded from America), Chzlosia pulchripes Loew, Platychirus tenebrosus sp. nov. Coq., Syrphus torvus O. S., Syrphus geniculata Macq., and Volucella facialis Will. Perhaps the most striking feature in the Diptera collected at this point was the surprising number of Dolichopodide, nine species in all, including two not found at any of the other stations — Dolichopus lobatus Loew and Porphyrops consobrinus INTRODUCTION 27 Zett., the latter a species new to American lists. Other interest- ing Diptera were Chrysops nigripes Zett., Tabanus septen- trionalis Loew, Thereva melanoneura Loew, the only represent- ative of this family in the entire collection, and Scatophaga Srigida sp. nov. Coq. Coleoptera were quite rare, except Lepitalia macilenta Mann., which occurred in vast numbers on the umbels of Heracleum. Two weevils were collected which proved to be new to the Alaska fauna— Orchestes rufipes Lec. and Sitones tibialis Hbst. Odonata were common about the ponds. Three species were taken — Enallagma calverti Morse, Cordulia shurtlefi Scudder, and Leucorhinia hudsonica (Selys.). At Kukak Bay was captured the only grasshopper or mem- ber of the Orthoptera observed on the Expedition. Numerous individuals in various stages of growth were found along the borders of a marshy pocl. Mr. Caudell has determined the species as Melanoplus borealis Fieber. It was already recorded from Alaska. KADIAK july 20.—A brief stop at the village of Kadiak, on Kadiak Island, on the return voyage, July 20,* enabled the writer to make a hasty collection, from which it is evident that this great island supports an extensive insect fauna. The presence of scattered bits of forest must add greatly to the possibilities for the development of insect life, giving the region an advantage over the treeless country to the westward ; while the absence of continuous forests relieves the insect fauna from the limitations impos d by vast tracts of shade-producing conifers. The list of insects from Kadiak comprises 125 species which, almost without exception, had already been procured at other stations. Among the Diptera the only unfamiliar types were a Tipulid, Pedicia obtusata O.S., an Empid, Microphorus atratus sp. nov. Cog., anda Syrphid, Helophilus lunulatus Meigen. None of the Coleoptera call for special mention. Butterflies were abundant, but of the same species as had been collected at Kukak Bay, with the exception of Gineis semidea nigra 1During the main stop at Kadiak, July 1-5, Mr. Kincaid was with the Alaska Peninsula party at Kukak Bay.—£d. 28 ALASKA INSECTS Edw., which was new to the collection. Of the moths the most conspicuous were the two Arctiide, Platarctia parthenos Harr. and WVemeophila plantaginis L. A species of Plusia taken here has been described by Dr. Ottolengui as P. epszlon sp. nov., while a Sesiid in the collection, of which a solitary specimen was taken at this station, was described as new by Mr. Beutenmiiller under the name Sesza arctica sp. nov. The Apoidea included four species of Bombus (B. modera- tus Cr., B. oregonensis Cr., B. polaris Curtis, B. pleuralis Nyl.) and a new form of Pstthyrus (P. kadiakensis sp. nov. Ashmead). The saw-flies comprised Dolerus sericeus, three species of Tenthredo (T. ferrugineipes Cr., T. varipes Nort., and 7. evanstt Ugtn.), Trichiosoma triangulum aleutiana Cr., and Cim- bex americana Leach. A colony of ants (Hormica neorufibarbis Em.) was found here in searching for beetles under a decayed cottonwood log. Odonata were observed in great numbers about a small lake at the rear of the village. Four species were taken, which have been determined by Mr. Currie as Enallagma calverti Morse, “schna juncea (L.), éschna constricta (Say), and Soma- tochlora albicincta (Burm.). Spiders were very abundant, more species being collected here in an hour than were secured at Popof Island in ten days. It was rather surprising to note also, that.of the fifteen species captured at Kadiak only four occur in the list from Popof, as determined by Mr. Banks. The series includes the two Pha- langids Sclerobunus brunneus Banks and Liobunum ewilipes (Wood), the former described from Washington, the latter from California. POPOF ISLAND, SHUMAGIN ISLANDS july 7-18.—The most extensive and satisfactory collection of insects secured by the Expedition was made on Popof Island, one of the Shumagin group. This group lies midway between Kadiak Island and Unalaska, and is separated by a narrow strait from the mainland of the Alaska Peninsula. Several islands go to form the group, the principal ones being Unga, Nagai, and Popof. On the morning of July 7 a small party was landed at Sand Point, a fishing station on Popof Island, INTRODUCTION 29 and immediately commenced an investigation of the insular fauna. Popof Island is about ten miles long by five wide, and geo- logically speaking is of purely volcanic origin. It is treeless, and the largest forms of vegetation are dwarf alder bushes and a variety of willows. The central part is very little above sea level, but from this the land slopes up in all directions, termi- nating in most cases in promontories and cliffs overlooking the ocean. The form of the island thus suggests a great shallow bowl. On the southern side a large hill rises to an elevation of about 1,200 feet, while the northern side is very rugged, the principal feature being a long semicircular range of hills rising in the middle to an altitude of over 1,700 feet. The drainage of the basin-like area in the interior is carried to the sea by a small stream which tumbles into the ocean in a series of spark- ling cascades. The interior also contains several small lakes occupying depressions in the tundra. The investigation of the insect fauna of this charming isle was a never-to-be-forgotten experience. The limited area, and the ease with which it could be traversed, together with the favorable weather that by good fortune was vouchsafed us, and the length of the stay (ten days) made it possible to assemble a reasonably representative collection of the insects present at that season of the year. The time of our visit happened to coincide with the height of the flowering season. A memorandum of the flowering plants collected, necessarily very incomplete, makes a list of over one hundred species. On the slopes near the sea shore the princi- pal elements in this varied flora were the omnipresent Heracleum lanatum, Celopleurum gmelini, Geranium erianthum, Castilleja pallida, Achillea millefolium, Lathyrus maritimus, Iris setosa, Steversia calthifolia, Cypripedium guttatum, Orchis aristata, Aconitum delphinifolium, and Polemonium ceruleum. In the marshy places and on the tundra were another series, such as Mimulus langsdorfii, Empetrum nigrum, Pinguscula vulgaris, Betula sp., Petasites frigida, Arctostaphylos sp., Valeriana capitata, Drosera vulgaris, Comarum palustre, Swertia per- ennis, Habenaria obtusata, Habenaria bracteata, and Parnas- 30 ALASKA INSECTS sia palustris. On the slopes of the hill sides grew Campanula lasiocarpa, Pedicularis verticillata, Circea alpina, Anemone narcissifiora, Steversia rossti, Rhododendron kamtschaticum, Salix spp., and Alnus sinuata, with occasional stunted bushes of Sambucus. The hill tops, at an elevation of 1,000 feet and over, were the homes of beautiful alpine plants, delicate saxi- frages, the curious Chrysosplenium beringianum, the dwarf dandelion, tiny Crucifere, and the beautiful alpine poppy. The number of species of insects collected during the ten days of our stay on Popof Island was 282. It seems worth while to consider these somewhat in detail, as studies of insular faunas are always interesting from the point of view of geo- graphic distribution. Of the entire series 90 species have been described as new. Of these, 70 were found on Popof Island only, so that so far as the record goes their distribution is limited to this station. Of the 282 species, 22 were collected at Sitka, 54 at Kukak, and 31 at Kadiak, while 11 were European species not previously known to exist on the American continent. The number new to the fauna of Alaska must represent a very large percentage of the total. As usual the Diptera formed the principal element in the insect fauna, comprising over 100 species. Of these, 30 were obtained solely on Popof Island, 40 on Popof and also at Kukak Bay, and 18 on Popof and also at Sitka. Ten species were European forms new to America. Among the novelties in this group may be mentioned the following — Mycetophilide : Neoempheria kincaid’ sp. nov. Coq.; Chironomide: Cerato- pogon arcticus sp. nov. Coq.; Ceratopogon femoratus Fabr., a European species new to America; Empide : Empis infumata sp. nov. Coq., Hmpis laniventris Eschs. (notable on account of the enormous numbers in which it occurred at the flowers of Geranium erianthum), Rhamphomyia villipes sp. nov. Coq., Platypalpus diversipes sp. nov. Coq., Platypalpus gilvipes sp. nov. Cog.; Dolichopodide: Dolichopus barycnemis sp. nov. Coq., Dolichopus festinans Zett. (new to American lists), Do/i- chopus plumipes Fall. (also new to America) ; Syrphide : Platy-_ chirus albimanus (Fabr.), an addition to American lists; An- thomyide: Lastops calvicrura sp. nov. Coq., Hylemyia spint- te teri iene ye ry INTRODUCTION 31 ventris sp. nov. Coq., Hylephila silvestris (Fallen), new to the American fauna; Sarcophagide: Pogonota kincaid: sp. nov. A single specimen of Arctophila flagrans O. S. captured upon the bank of the creek, attracted attention on account of the surprising resemblance it bore to one of the common bum- ble-bees (Bombus sylvicola Kirby) found on the same island. This was interpreted as an example of mimetic resemblance. On the top of an exposed and barren hill top several speci- mens were secured of a peculiar brachypterous Tipulid ( 7ipu/a septentrionalis Loew). ‘These creatures presented a strange sight as they ran about among the scanty herbage after the fashion of Phalangids. The situations in which they live are exposed to heavy winds, and it seems probable that their short wings are an adaptation to an unfavorable environment, since winged forms would be more liable to be*blown away from the land and lost at sea. The coleopterous fauna was so meager that in the beginning it seemed as if the order was on the verge of extinction upon the island, but by painstaking search a series of thirty-three species was assembled. Strange to say, however, it was found that fifteen of these species were represented in the collection by single specimens, and of the remainder six were represented by two specimens each. The only beetle at all common was the Cerambycid Leptalia macilenta, which occurred in multi- tudes upon the umbels of Heracleum. The reason for this dearth of individuals in the Coleoptera was not obvious, and the only explanation offered is that certain of the rodents which “swarm in the tundra use the beetles for food and thus destroy the Coleoptera that ordinarily make their homes upon the ground. For example, the family Carabide is represented in the collection by unique specimens of Bembidium incertum Mots., Bembidium mutatum G. & H., Trechus chalybeus Mann., Pterostichus luczotid Dej., Amara hyperborea Dej., and Cala- thus ingratus Dej. Three beetles new to the fauna of Alaska appear in the Popof Island collections — Mycetoporus lepidus Erich., Bem- bidium mutatum G. & H., and Rhantus bistriatus Bergst. Helo- phorus auricollis was previously known only from Unalaska. 32 ALASKA INSECTS Chrysomela subsulcata Mann. was recorded from the Pribilof Islands and not elsewhere; a single specimen was found feed- ing on a dwarf willow bush high up among the hills. The only butterflies observed during our stay were Preris napt hulda Edw. and Brenthis frigga saga Staud. The latter, of which five specimens were captured, makes its home in the tundra. In habits it is very shy, since it will not fly till almost stepped upon, and then it flutters for a short distance close to the ground, quickly hiding itself in the thick moss. This butter- fly is no doubt in constant danger of being blown away from its island home, and its cautious habits are the result of natural selection, which has operated to eliminate the more adventurous individuals. The list of Popof moths comprises eighteen species, including an Arctian, Platarcita parthenos Harr. ; six Noctuide: Voctua c-nigrum L.., Hadena ducta Gr., Pachnobia alaske 'Thunb., Ommatostola popofensis sp. nov. Smith, and Anarte lanuginosa sp. nov. Smith; six Geometride: Mesoleuca variata Schiff., Petrophora montanata Borkh., Petrophora nemorella Hulst, Tephroclystis perfusca Hulst, Tephroclystis miserula Grt., and Rheumaptera hastata L.; two Pyralide: Scoparia centurtella Schiff. and Crambus interminellus Walk.; one Pterophoride : Platyptilia petrodactyla Walk.; two Tortricide: Sciaphila moeschleriana Wocke. and Sericorts bipartitana Clem. The Noctuids, almost without exception, were taken upon the umbels of Heracleum. The list of Hymenoptera does not include any representatives of the Sphegoidea. The Apoidea includes only members of the genus Bombus, of which five species were secured— PB. coupers Cr., B. oregonensis Cr., B. pleuralis Nyl., B. sylvicola Kby., and B. mixtuosus sp.nov. Ashmead. Bumble-bees were observed to play an important role in the fertilization of many flowering plants. They were noted in the act of visiting the blossoms of Geranium erianthum, Lupinus nootkatensis, Polemonum cer- uleum, Mimulus langsdorfit, Pedicularis langsdorfii, Castil- leja pallida, and Heracleum lanatum. The number of saw-flies was exceptionally large, comprising 19 species, the gall-producing forms predominating. The list INTRODUCTION 33 includes the following: Pachynematus afinis Marlatt, Pachy- nematus gotarus sp. nov., Huura insularis sp. nov., Pontania 5 spp. nov., Pteronus shumagensis sp. nov., Dolerus elderi sp. nov., Pachyprotasts nigrofasciatus Esch., Tenthredo ferrugine- ipes Cr., T. varipicta Nort., 7. mellina Nort., 7. harrimani sp. nov., Z. dissimulans sp. nov., T. divittata sp. nov., Trichio- soma triangulum Kby., ard Allantus heraclei sp. nov. The species of Zenthredo were of special interest. At all previous stations the members of this genus had been of species known to be of widespread distribution on the Pacific Coast and else- where. At Popof Island all but three of these familiar forms were lacking and their places were occupied by species hitherto unknown to science. Of the new forms the most striking was Tenthredo dissimulans, which is of a peculiar greenish color, and makes its home upon the umbels of Heracleum. Here it lies in wait for unwary visitors, especially Diptera, and being colored in harmony with the greenish flower stalks among which it lives, gives no warning to its victims. All of the Tenthredos were found on the flowers of Heracleum, and the same was true of Allantus heraclet. Of parasitic Hymenoptera Mr. Ashmead has determined 55 species from Popof Island, of which only five had been pre- viously described. One genus (/yfocrypius) was new to the American fauna, and the same is true of the species /schneutes reunitor Nees, a European type of the Braconide. The Heteroptera of the island included two Capsids and three species of Corsa. 'The Homoptera were better represented by ‘nine species, of which five were leaf-hoppers; one (/Vectar- ophora epilobit sp. nov.) belonged to the Aphide and two to the Psyllide. ‘ The series of Neuropteroids was unexpectedly large, com- prising fourteen species. The list includes two members of the Perlide, three Ephemeride, and nine Trichoptera. Several large dragon-flies were observed, but they escaped capture. They were evidently of the same species (schna juncea L.) as an individual captured on the neighboring island of Unga by Professor Ritter. The arachnid fauna was not very extensive, including but 34 ALASKA INSECTS fourteen species, most of them well known. Only two were new, according to Mr. Banks— Cornicularia varipes and Mitopus dorsalis. The last mentioned, which is a Phalangid, was found beneath stones at an elevation of 1,700 feet. Only one species of the Myriapoda was seen. Dr. Cook has determined it as Tomotenia chionophila (Wood). UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, January 15, 1903. ee a The following paper on the Arachnida of the Expedition, by Nathan Banks, Division of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture, was originally published in the Proceedings of the Washington Acad- emy of Sciences, vol. m, pp. 477-486, Dec. 20, 1900. It is here reprinted from the same electrotype plates, so that it may be quoted exactly as if it were the original. The original pagination has been preserved and transferred to the inner or hinge side of the page, where it is enclosed in brackets, thus [478]; while the consecutive pagination of the present volume has been added in the usual place. In the plate the original number and running headline, slightly abbrevi- ated, have been preserved [in brackets], while the volume designation and serial plate number have been added in the usual place. The original text references to the plate are unchanged. The present head- piece and title have been substituted for the running heading of the Academy’s Proceedings and the original title, which was: Papers Srom the Harriman Alaska Expedition. x1. Entomological Re- sults (5): Arachnida. No other alterations have been made. EpIrTor. (36) \ S ARACHNIDA OF THE EXPEDITION BY NATHAN BANKS Tue spiders collected on the Harriman Expedition show con- siderable affinity to those of the State of Washington, but there are some, principally among the small Theridiide, that are peculiar to Alaska. Dr. Marx, in the Proceedings of the En- tomological Society of Washington (Vol. II, p. 186), gave a list of Arctic spiders, including those known to him from Alaska, in which there were 62 species, many of them undescribed. In the list of 52 species given below are at least six not known to Marx. There are no remarkable forms in the collection. Of the five harvest-spiders collected, three are known from Cali- fornia and Washington, one recently described from the Com- mander Islands, and one which appears to be new. The one Pseudoscorpion is common in the coast regions of Oregon and Washington. Of the two mites, one is peculiar on account of its slenderness and armed hind legs. Besides the 52 species recorded in the list, there are a few specimens of small Theridiide which can not be treated with- out more material, including the male sex. [477] : (37) 38 BANKS [478] ARANEIDA. Family DRASSIDA. Prosthesima niger Banks. Prosthesima niger BANKS, Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., p. 62, 1896. Two specimens, one from Muir Glacier (June), and one from Met- lakahtla. Known from State of Washington. Family CLUBIONIDZE. Clubiona pacifica Banks. Clubiona pacifica BANKS, Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., p. 65, 1896. Two specimens, one adult from Juneau, and one young from Kukak Bay. Previously known from Washington. Family AGALENIDZ. Agalena pacifica Banks. Agalena pacifica Bans, Journ. N. Y. Entom. Soc., p. 89, 1896. Agalena curta McCook, Amer. Spiders, 111, pl. xx1x, figs. 2, 3. A few specimens from Kadiak (July). Known from California and Washington. Cybeeus reticulatus Simon. Cybaus reticulatus Simon, C. R. Soc. Entom, Belg., p. Lv1, 1886. Many specimens from Sitka, Yakutat Bay, Kadiak, Popof Island, and Metlakahtla. Previously known from Oregon and Washington. Cybzus pusillus Simon. Cybeus pusillus Simon, C. R. Soc. Entom. Belg., p. ivi, 1886. Two specimens from Berg Bay (June). Known from Washington. Family THERIDIIDA. Theridium sexpunctatum Emerton. Theridium sexpunctatum EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., vi, p. 12, 1882. Theridium marxi KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 1, p. 231, 1886. Several specimens from Sitka, Yakutat Bay, Berg Bay, and Kadiak (June and July). Known from New York, New Hampshire, and Washington. Ceratinella sp. Plate XXIX, fig. 5. Cephalothorax, sternum and mandibles reddish; abdomen black; legs pale reddish except the patella, which are pale yellowish; no ab- dominal plate except a small piece at base of the spinnerets; P.M.E. [479] ARACHNIDA 39 once and one-half their diameter apart, twice their diameter from the equal P.S.E. One female from Yakutat: probably new, but better not named in absence of the male. Cornicularia recurvata sp. nov. Plate XXIX, fig. 9. Cephalothorax red-brown, mandibles yellow-brown, sternum and abdomen black, legs pale yellowish. Head of male high, with a re- curved horn in front, tipped with stiff, back-directed hairs; sternum broad, convex, blunt-pointed between the hind coxa; legs slender, an- terior tarsus nearly as long as the metatarsus, which is much shorter than the tibia; male palpus simple, tibia short, with a short, pointed process on outer tip, hook stout and short, bulb very large, terminating in a short process; no long stylet. Length 1.7 mm. One male from the Muir Glacier; readily known by the large, re- curved horn. Type.—Cat. no. 5268, U. S. National Museum. Cornicularia varipes sp. nov. Plate XXIX, fig. 4. Cephalothorax reddish, shining, margined with black; head black- ish, with median and lateral black lines; mandibles red-brown; ster- num reddish, scarcely rugulose, maxille brown; abdomen black; legs with femora and tibie reddish, the former at tip and the latter at base yellowish; metatarsi yellowish; tarsi brown; P.M.E. about their diameter apart and about the same distance from the equal P.S. E.; A.M.E. smaller, hardly their diameter apart, about their diam- eter from the larger A.S.E.; between the M.E. is a faint trace of a swelling, quadrangle of M.E., much higher than broad behind; abdo- men about twice as long as wide, with short hairs. Length 2.6 mm. One female from Popof Island. The colors of the legs will serve to ' separate it from the other species of the genus until the male is known. Type.—Cat. no. 5269, U. S. National Museum Cornicularia sp. One female, similar to C. communts Emer., but different by shape of epigynum. Yakutat (June). Lophocarenum sp. One female from Muir Glacier. Gonglydium alascensis sp. nov. Plate XXIX, fig. 3. Cephalothorax, legs and mandibles pale yellowish; eyes on black 40 BANKS [480] spots ; sternum and abdomen black, spinnerets pale. Posterior eye-row slightly procurved; P.M.E. their diameter apart, about as far from the equal P.S.E., which touch the A.S.E.; A.M.E. smaller, scarcely their diameter apart, and a little further from the larger A.S.E. Legs slender, tibia with two spines above, one near base, one near tip, one spine on patella; mandibles vertical, scarcely divergent, without teeth in front; abdomen one and two-thirds as long as broad; head of male not elevated; the epigynum, which is rather prominent from side view, shows a broad median septum with an oval cavity each side. Length 2.1 mm. Three specimens from Berg Bay. Type.—Cat. no. 5270, U. S. National Museum. Gonglydium sp. Two females of a pale species from the Muir Glacier; they may be- long to some species of which the male only isknown. The epigynum is an elliptical area with a nearly square cavity in posterior part; on middle of hind margin is a denticle projecting forward. Gonglydium falsificum (Keys.). Erigone falsificum KEYSERLING, Die Spinn, Amer. Therid., 11, p. 259, 1886. One female from the Muir Glacier agrees well with the description and figure of Keyserling. The male is unknown. Described from Alaska. Erigone coloradensis Keys. Erigone coloradensis KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 168, 1886. A few specimens from Kadiak and Yakutat (June). Known from Colorado and Washington. Erigone simillima Keys. Erigone simillima KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 170, 1886. Several from Popof Island, and Saldovia, Cook Inlet. Close to the preceding and probably but an extreme form of it. Described from Alaska. Erigone famelica Keys. Plate XXIX, figs. 7, 8. Erigone famelica KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 186, 1886, A pair from Kadiak (July), and one from the Muir Glacier. The figure gives a different view of the palpus from that of Keyserling. Described from Alaska. Pedanostethus riparius Keys. Pedanostethus riparius KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 265, 1886, [481] ARACHNIDA 41 Several females from Berg Bay, Yakutat, the Muir Glacier, and Orca (June). Known from Washington and Lake Superior. Linyphia pusilla Keys. Linyphia pusilla KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 55, 1886. Many specimens from Sitka, Yakutat Bay, Kakiak and Metlakahtla. Europe and northern United States. Linyphia phrygiana Keys. Linyphia phrygiana KEYSERLING, Die Spinn., Amer. Therid., 11, p. 60, 1886. One from Sitka (June). Europe and northern United States. Linyphia reducta Keys. Linyphia reducta KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 73, 1886. Two young females from Cook Inlet. Described from Washington. Linyphia sitkensis Keys. Linyphia sitkensis KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 86, 1886. One female from Yakutat. Described from Alaska. Labulla altioculata Keys. Labulla altioculata KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Therid., 11, p. 94, 1886. One young specimen from Juneau. Described from Washington. Lepthyphantes alascensis sp. nov. Plate XXIX, fig. 6. Cephalothorax, legs and mandibles pale yellowish; eyes on black spots; sternum blackish; abdomen black, a broad pale stripe on each upper side, spinnerets pale. Posterior eye-row slightly recurved, P.M.E. less than their diameter apart, scarcely farther from the nearly equal P.S.E., A.M.E. smaller, less than their diameter apart, much farther from the larger A.S.E., quadrangle of M.E. much higher than broad behind, S.E. touching. Mandibles long, vertical, plainly diver- gent, with three large teeth on front lower margin. Leg I longest, tibia I longer than metatarsus I, two spines above on all tibiz, one near base, one near tip; one spine on patella above. Abdomen rather high, one-fourth longer than broad; the epigynum extremely prominent, the finger projecting away from abdomen. Length 2.8 mm. Several specimens from Yakutat. Type.—Cat. no. 5271, U. S. National Museum. Bathyphantes arctica Keys. Bathyphantes arctica KEYSERLING, Die Spinn, Amer. Therid., 11, p. 85, 1886. A few specimens from Sitka, Berg Bay, and Kadiak (July). De- scribed from Alaska; also known from Washington. 42 BANKS [482] Bathyphantes sp. One female of a pale species, with short legs, from Yakutat (June). Family DICTYNIDA. Amaurobius pictus Simon. Amaurobius pictus SIMON, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, p. 3 (sep.), 1884. Two specimens from Cook Inlet and Fox Point (July). Known from California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Family EPEIRIDZA. Epeira trifolium Hentz. Lpeira trifolium Hentz, Spid. U. S., p. 110, 1875. Several specimens from Cook Inlet and Kadiak, June, July. Spread throughout the United States. Epeira patagiata Emerton. Epeira patagiata EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., v1, p. 305, 1884. Many specimens from Kadiak (June, July), Juneau, Kukak Bay (June), and Popof Island. Europe and northern United States. Epeira displicata Hentz. Epeira displicata HENTZ, Spid. U. S., p. 117, 1875. A few specimens from Juneau and Kadiak (July). Entire United States. Tetragnatha extensa Emerton. Tetragnatha extensa EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., v1, p. 333, 1884. Many specimens from Kadiak (July), Fox Point (July), Sitka, and Metlakahtla (June). Europe and northern United States. Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz. Tetragnatha laboriosa HENTz, Spid. U. S., p. 131, 1875. Many specimens from Kukak Bay, Kadiak (July), Yakutat (June), Popof Island, Metlakahtla (June), and Sitka. All over the United States. Zilla californica Banks. Zilla californica BANKs, Jour. N. Y. Entom. Soc., p. 90, 1896. = One male from Sitka (June). Known from California and Wash- ington, [483] ARACHNIDA 43 Family THOMISIDZA. Xysticus borealis Keys. Aysticus borealis KEYSERLING, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, p. 668, 1882. A few specimens from Popof Island and Kadiak (July). Described from Alaska. Misumena vatia Keys. Misumena vatia KEYSERLING, Die Spinn, Amer. Later., p. 101, 1880, One pair from Metlakahtla (June). Europe and the United States. Tibellus oblongus Keys. Tibellus oblongus KEYSERLING, Die Spinn. Amer. Later., p. 196, 1880. A few specimens from Cook Inlet and Kukak Bay (June). Europe and the northern United States. Family LYCOSIDE. Lycosa albohastata Emerton. Lycosa albohastata EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., Ix, p. 423, 1894. Two specimens from Popof Island. Known from British Columbia. Lycosa pratensis Emerton. Lycosa pratensis EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., vi, p. 483, 1885. Several specimens from Cook Inlet and Orca (June). Known from the northern United States. Lycosa quinaria Emerton. Lycosa quinaria EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., Ix, p. 422, 1894. One female from Popof Island appears to belong here. Described from British Columbia. Lycosa sp. One female from Kadiak (July) appears to be near Z. dcani Em., but does not agree very well. Pardosa grenlandica Thorell. Pardosa grenlandica THORELL, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., p. 498, 1875.— EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., Ix, p. 423, 1894. Several specimens from the Muir Glacier (June). Known from boreal America. Pardosa glacialis Thorell. | Pardosa glacialis Tooret, Ofv. K. Vetensk., Akad. Férh., p. 159, 1872.— ‘EMERTON, Trans. Conn. Acad., Ix, p. 424, 1894. © A few specimens from Popof Island. Known from boreal America. 44 BANKS [484] Pardosa uncata Thorell. FPardosa uncata THORELL, Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Terr., 11, no. 2, p- 508, 1877.—EMERTON, Trans. Conn, Acad., Ix, p. 425, 1894. Two specimens from Juneau and Metlakahtla. Known from New Hampshire, Colorado, and British Columbia. Pirata sp. One female of a large species from Berg Bay. It is probably new. PHALANGIDA. Sclerobunus brunneus Banks. Sclerobunus brunneus Banks, Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., p. 152, 1893. Several specimens from Yakutat Bay, Juneau, Cook Inlet, Orca (June), and Kadiak (July). Known from Washington. Phlegmacera occidentalis Banks. Phiegmacera occidentalis BANKS, Psyche, p. 51, March, 1894. Several specimens, all very young, from Sitka (June), Berg Bay, Yakutat (June), and Popof Island. Known from Oregon and Wash- ington. Leptobunus borealis Banks. Leptobunus borealis BANKS, Arachn. Commander Isl., p. 350, 1899. One specimen from Popof Island. Described from the Commander Islands. Liobunum exilipes (Wood). Phalangium exilipes Woop, Comm. Essex Inst., v1, p. 23, 1868. Two specimens from Yakutat (June), Kadiak (July). Known from California, Nevada and Washington. Mitopus dorsalis sp. nov. Plate XXIX, fig. 2. Gray: a darker median vase-mark, not reaching end of abdomen; through this there is a pale median line from the eye-tubercle backward ; cephalothorax and sides of abdomen more or less mottled with pale, dark gray, and black; venter pale, dotted with gray; legs pale, indis- tinctly marked with brown at ends of joints, the tarsus on apical half blackish; palpi lineate with brown. Eye-tubercle near posterior mar- gin of cephalothorax, quite high, with two rows of small teeth above; on middle of front margin of cephalothorax is a group of small teeth; rest of cephalothorax and dorsum of abdomen with many scattered denticles, those on the latter mostly in transverse rows; legs with many black denticles arranged in rows, no false articulations in meta- [485] ARACHNIDA 45 tarsus I, nor in tibia II; palpi with rows of denticles, the patella and tibia on inner side swollen and there thickly clothed with short, erect spine-like hairs, claw not toothed; no supra-mandibular spine. Length 5 mm., femur IT, 4 mm. ; Two from Popof Island (one not adult and not fully marked from the mountain top). Type.—Cat. no. 5272, U. S. National Museum. PSEUDOSCORPIONIDA. Ideobisium threveneti (Simon). Obistum threveneti StmON, Ann. Soc. Entom. France, p. 156, 1878. Several examples from Cook Inlet, Lowe Inlet (June), Long Inlet, Popof Island, and Yakutat. Known from California, Oregon and Washington. ACARINA. Gamasus sp. Several specimens from Kadiak on a Vecrophorus, and from Sitka; none in an adult condition, and no males. Holostaspis exilis sp. nov. Plate XXIX, fig. 1. $. Pale yellowish, the legs still paler. Body about twice as long as broad, tapering each way, broadest before third legs, but slightly convex above, clothed with scattered long, simple hairs, more numerous at tip of body; each side at posterior third of the dorsal shield is a row of four or five round, reddish, impressed dots. Palpi slender; leg I slender, no claw nor sucker at tip; leg II with fourth joint thickened and with a large tooth below, and a small one above, the sixth joint with a small tooth at base and a long blunt spine at tip; legs III with a spur on hind tip of second joint, and one below near middle of third joint; leg IV with the second joint swollen on an- terior face, and just before tip with a long slender process; bifid at tip. The peritreme runs directly to the stigmata which are above the third coxe. The sternal plate is very narrow behind, so that the hind cox are not separated by half their width. Length 2 mm. 9. What appears to be the female of this species is smaller, more reddish, the abdomen broadly rounded behind, the hind coxe are more widely separated, yet much closer than third coxa, the legs are un- armed; the dorsal shield shows a slight incision near middle of each side, indicating the division of the immature forms. Length 1.5 mm. Several specimens from Yakutat, Berg Bay, Sitka, and Popof Island. Type.—Cat. no. 5273, U. S. National Museum, PLATE II. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Ih ALASKA ARACHNIDS AHOEN 60S BALTIMORE. H. A. E. VOL. Vill, PLATE I! MYRIAPODA OF NORTHWESTERN NORTH AMERICA (47) MYRIAPODA OF NORTHWESTERN NORTH AMERICA BY 0. F. COOK Tue four classes of Arthropoda formerly arranged under the name Myriapoda are no longer believed to constitute a natural group, the agile, carnivorous Chilopoda with one pair of legs on each joint of the body having closer affinities with the true insects than with the slow-moving Diplopoda or thousand-legged ‘worms.’ The latter subsist on decaying vegetable matter and have two pairs of legs on most of the body segments. Related to the Diplopoda are two other classes of minute animals, the Symphyla and Pauropoda, not yet discovered in Alaska. Class DIPLOPODA. The Diplopoda are a predominately tropical group, though with numerous representatives in the temperate regions, some of which have been reported from rather high latitudes in Scandinavia and also in Siberia, but only three species have been reported from Alaska. Unlike the Insects and Molluscs, the Diplopoda attract little popular attention, and they are neither useful nor injurious to the extent of de- manding investigation for economic reasons. They have, however, a unique scientific value as probably affording a better foundation for distributional studies than any other group. Owing to their retiring habits, slow movements, lack of wings, and inability to withstand ex- (49) 50 Cook posure to unfavorable conditions, they have been unable to extend them- selves in other than the most gradual manner, so that identity, or even similarity, of diplopod faunas affords practically indubitable evidence, not only of land connection, but of existence of continuously favorable conditions, both in space and intime. On this account a comparison of the Diplopoda of northwestern America with those of northeastern Asia may yield valuable evidence regarding the nature and extent of the land connection supposed by many naturalists to have existed for- merly. The Diplopoda of the Harriman Expedition are thus an initial contribution to this phase of the trans-Bering question, though their significance can not be estimated until the Siberian representatives of the group have been studied. The systematic study of the Diplopoda is a difficult and backward province of zoology; the literature is fragmentary and scattered, and the animals, though quite harmless, are generally avoided by all except the most intelligent and zealous collectors. The Diplopods of the Pacific Coast region have had little attention subsequent to the papers of Wood and Harger, published over thirty years ago, and it has ac- cordingly seemed permissible to insert here some of the preliminary results of a long-deferred examination of the considerable amount of material accumulated at Washington during the last decade. As a means of encouraging the collection of Diplopoda in the North- west, analytical keys to the higher groups and general notes likely to facilitate diagnosis have been included in the present report. The characters used for these purposes have been chosen with a view to convenience, and are not in all cases of general application to the Diplopoda of other regions. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SUBCLASSES OF DIPLOPODA. Body without external armor; the soft skin beset with toothed and barbed: ‘bristles, ;... scsccosecsccsensnses esses Subclass PsELAPHOGNATHA. Body with a hardened exoskeleton; bristles few, inconspicuous, or WHILE sii vansaesndaed cues entonan cask eneeeacs Subclass CHILoGNATHA. Subclass PSELAPHOGNATHA. The subclass Pselaphognatha contains only the small caterpillar-like Diplopod Polyxenus and a few related genera. The group is of very general distribution and is probably very old geologically, one of the Carboniferous forms (Pal/eocampa) being of large size. A species of Polyxenus from the State of Washington has been described by MYRIAPODA 51 Professor Kincaid.’ The European P. /agurus extends far north, and its American relatives will probably be found in southern Alaska, Subclass CHILOGNATHA. This subclass includes all the remaining Diplopoda, with over a hundred genera and many hundreds of species. There is great diver- sity of form and structure, but all have the body protected by more or less complete chitinized rings. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE WEST AMERICAN ORDERS OF CHILOGNATHA. Body composed of 20 (rarely 19) segments, which are complete chitinous rings, without sutures................. Order MERocHETA. Body composed of 30 (rarely 26 or 28) segments or more; fusion of primitive sclerites not complete, at least the pedigerous laminz separated by distinct sutures. Males with eight pairs of normal legs in front of the 4-5-jointed gonapods’* which are the posterior pair of the seventh segment and the anterior pair of the eighth; head and mouth parts partly reduced, the latter suctorial rather than manducatory. Order CoLoBoGNATHA. Males with seven more or less normal legs in front of the seventh segment, of which the anterior, and usually both pairs, are transformed into simple or 2-jointed gonapods; head large, the mouth parts well developed and distinctly manducatory. Segments 1-5 with a single pair of legs each; pleure indicated by a longitudinal suture, which is met above by two transverse sutures crossing the dorsal part of the segment; labrum with a median sinus....... reapeasee SiSsicennea cess ohusease Order ANOCHETA. Segment 3 or segment 4 footless, segment 5 with two pairs of legs; pleurz entirely obliterated; transverse suture single or wanting; labrum with a median tooth, Pedigerous lamine free; last segment with spinning organs in the form of setiferous papille............... Order Ca@LocHETA. Pedigerous lamine adnate; last segment without setiferous papille............ sadeinbaseaeasiaice badtteneee Order ZyGocHETA. 1 Polyxenus pugetensis, Entomological News, rx, p. 192, 1898. This form was also collected by Professor Kincaid at Metlakatla, Alaska, while with the Harri- man Expedition. 2This term is used in the present paper as a substitute for ‘ copulatory legs,’ in accordance with the excellent suggestion of the German zoologist Dr. C. Verhoeff. “4 52 cook Order Merocheta. Diplopoda with 19 or 20 segments, the superficial hardened parts of which are coalesced into complete rings. Eyes are wanting in all members of this order, which nevertheless contains a large proportion of the bright-colored species of the Diplopoda. Nearly all Merocheta have distinct lateral carinz or projections from the segments, on which are located the repugnatorial pores or openings of glands which in members of this order secrete prussic acid.’ It is also characteristic that the pores, which begin on segment 5, are not found on all the other segments but are always absent, at least from segment 6, and usually from several others. The normal or most general pore formula, that which prevails on all the species described below, is 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. ANALYTICAL KEY TO WEST AMERICAN FAMILIES OF MEROCHETA, Body compact, the carine overlapping or continuous; claws of an- terior legs of males abruptly curved beyond the middle. Family XysToDESMID&. Body moniliform, the carine distinctly separated; claws slightly and evenly curved. Repugnatorial pores lateral, located in small depressions of the thickened margins of the carinez; dorsal surface evenly convex, SUMOOUR: 1.05 eve ota shuee sivas wousncaexmvieeeenueens Family CHELODESMID&. Repugnatorial pores dorsal; margins of carine not thickened; dorsal surface uneven with convex areas or granules. Family PoLypEsMID&. Family XYSTODESMIDZ. The family Xystodesmidz, to which the genus /onxtarza belongs, is rich in species in eastern North America, but seems to have had no corresponding prosperity on the Pacific Coast. Two species of Foz- taria have been described from California, but none is known from Oregon or Washington, though there is no apparent reason why they should not extend to British Columbia or southern Alaska, since the eastern representatives of the family are found as far north as New York and Michigan, where the climate would seem to be much more unfavorable. The Xystodesmide are recognizable among North American Mero- cheta by their broad carinz, the margins of which appear nearly con- 1Science, N.S., x11, No. 301, pp. 516-521, October 5, 1900. MYRIAPODA 53 tinuous because the segments fit into each other with unusual compact- ness. They are also readily separable from the Chelodesmida, the only West American group with which they could be confused, by the presence of a sharp spine on the lower distal corner of the second joint of the legs. Xystocheir gen. nov. Type.—Xystocheir obtusa sp. nov. from California. The distinctness of this genus from the East American Fontaria is obvious from the totally different structure of the gonapod, which, instead of a single or a double prong arising from a broad base, is long and subconic, and ends in five spines, as described by Wood and shown in the accompanying figures. In addition there are several secondary sexual characters. The coxa of the third leg bears a large upright process ; the coxa of the fourth leg has a broadly conic process on the mesial face at base, and there is a pair of more sharply pointed proc- esses arising from the sternum between the same pair of legs. Smaller conic processes are also to be found on the sterna of segments 6, 8 and g. All the legs of the male are crassate, and especially the second joint, the lateral face of which is strongly inflated into a large hemi- spherical prominence. The claws are long and are distinctly recurved beyond the middle. XYSTOCHEIR OBTUSA sp. nov. (pl. m1, figs. ta—-1¢.) Type.—No. 795, U.S. Nat. Mus. Collected in California by Capt. Thomas L. Casey. Length of male about 28 mm.; width 5.5 mm.; length of antenna about 5.5 mm., of leg about 5 mm. Color in alcohol fading to olive and olive-buff. Segments with posterior corners but slightly produced, the porifer- ous callus small. Penultimate segment short, the angles of the cari- nz not exceeding those of segment 18. Gonapods with second joint subconic; lateral spine slender, nearly terete, inserted at nearly the same level as the anterior, its apex pro- jecting distad to opposite the bases of the distal spines. Posterior dis- tal spine narrow, flattened, turned inward and forward; anterior dis- tal spine narrowly and sharply conic, the apex turned slightly forward. A single male specimen without detailed locality. The small size and blunt carine distinguish this species from the next. The gona- 54 cook pods separate it from X. dzssecta, and probably also from X. furcé- Ser. XYSTOCHEIR ACUTA sp. nov. Type collected in California by Mr. Carl F. Baker. Length of male about 35 mm., width 6.5 mm. Color in alcohol fading to fawn-color; dorsum lighter, legs and an- tennz darker. Segments with posterior corners of carine strongly produced, and the projecting corner thickened to increase the size of the poriferous callus. Segment 19 exceeding segment 18, but the pores very minute, as in X. obtusa, Gonapods with second joint oblong, scarcely tapering to near the end; lateral spine flattened, inserted somewhat above the level of the anterior, its apex scarcely exceeded by the distal spines. Posterior distal spine thin and leaf-like, the apex broadly rounded. Anterior spine relatively smaller than in X. obtusa. This species differs from the preceding in its larger size and some- what more convex dorsum, and in minor details of the gonapods, as described above, but the principal diagnostic feature seems to lie in the longer and much more produced lateral carine. Several adult specimens of both sexes were received from Mr. Carl F. Baker, and are supposed to have been collected near Palo Alto, California. Another pair was obtained by Prof. Walter C. Blasdale in June, 1891, at Berkeley. XYSTOCHEIR FURCIFER (Karsch). Polydesmus (Fontaria) furcifer Karscu, Troschel’s Archiv f. Naturgesch., XLVII, p. 39, pl. 3, fig. 12, 1881. Fontaria furcifer BOLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 123, 1893. Type in the Berlin Museum, collected by Forrer. It is not impossible that this species may prove to be a synonym of X. dissecta (Wood), for although the description says that the gonapods are trifurcate at the base, the figure shows two principal divisions, as claimed by Wood, with a short, broad process from near the base of the posterior, instead of the slender spine of the two preceding species. Karsch’s figure also represents the anterior of the two principal di- visions as about twice as long as the process next above it, instead of about half as long as in X. obtusa and X. acuta, MYRIAPODA 55 XYSTOCHEIR DISSECTA (Wood). Polydesmus dissectus Woon, Proc. Phila. Acad. Sci., p. 129, 1867. Fontaria dissecta BOLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 123, 1893. Wood’s original specimens were from Fort Tejon, Kern County, California. It is not known whether they are still in existence, and no recent collections from the same region have been studied. The generic affinities are obvious from the description of the gona- pods, but it has seemed impracticable to identify the animals described above with Wood’s species, because the lower or lateral spine, instead of being slender and nearly straight, is characterized as ‘‘ broad, thin, obtuse and as it were twisted on itself.” Family CHELODESMIDZ. As at present constituted, this family extends throughout tropical and temperate America, where it is richly represented in genera and species. A few Asiatic species described under Oxyurus' also probably belong to the same series, which is at present defined by negative rather than by positive characters. The characters given in the following key apply to all the species in the United States, but the alliances of many tropical types are still very uncertain. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE WEST AMERICAN GENERA OF CHELODESMIDZ, Gonapods very long, the anterior branch large and complex, with thin crests and plates; antennz longer than width of body. Genus Chonaphe. 1 Oxyurus flavolimbatus L. Koch (Abh. der k. k. zoél. bot. Gesell. Wien, 1877, p- 795, 1878) from Japan, Polydesmus (Oxyurus) cyprius Humbert & Saussure (Verh. zoél. bot. Ges. Vienna, x1x, p. 684), and Oxyurus vestitus C. L. Koch (System der Myriapoden, p. 139, 1847). Of the last species I have examined specimens belonging to the Berlin Museum, the same individuals studied by Attems. They are generically distinct from the United States species commonly referred to Leptodesmus, as well as from the Mexican type of this genus. The simple probe-like gonapod has been figured by Attems (Denksch. kais. Acad. Wiss. math.-naturw. Classe, Lxv, p. 594, pl. v1, fig. 134, Vienna, 1898). Koch’s O. vestitus was the type of the genus Oxyurus. That this generic name was pre- occupied was known to Bollman and other writers, who supposed, however, that it could be replaced by Leptodesmus. This inference being incorrect, it becomes necessary to rename Koch’s genus Oxyurus, for which the term Melafhe is pro- posed, in allusion to the characteristic shape of the gonapod. The type of Me- laphe vestita (Koch) came from Constantinople. It is also apparent from Attems’s figures that Melaphe cyfria (Humbert & Saussure) may be safely associated as a second species. Melaphe differs from all the Chelodesmide of the United 56 cook Gonapods short, both branches simple; antenne shorter than width of body. Gonapods with two slender prongs of nearly equal size and length; dorsum strongly conyex, the carinz inserted at or below the middle line ‘of sideé......:.5.¥51.- pidhe teas sed thea tusktaae tenes nsseek Genus Jsaphe. Prongs of gonapods very unequal; dorsum moderately convex, the carine inserted above the middle line of side. Posterior (lateral) branch of gonapod long, strongly curved, terete, tapering to a slender point ; posterior corners of carinze rounded. Genus Hysaphe. Posterior branch of gonapod falcate, the apex broad and flattened ; posterior corners of carine distinctly angled. Genus Harpaphe. Chonaphe gen. nov. Type.— Chonaphe armata (Harger) from Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. Body rather small and slender; dorsum moderately convex; carine inserted higher up and less thickened on the margin than in related Western genera. Antenne filiform, longer than the body is wide; legs also long and slender in comparison with those of related genera. Gonapods much longer than in allied forms, the laminate-cristate anterior branch much larger than the slender and strongly incurved posterior branch. CHONAPHE ARMATA (Harger). (pl. rv, figs. 2a, 25, 2c.) Polydesmus armatus HARGER, Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts, Iv, p. 120, July 13, 1872. Leptodesmus armatus BOLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 122, 1893. A specimen apparently referable to this species is included in a col- lection of Washington Myriapoda.’ In addition to the characteristic gonapods there are other conspicuous differences. In habit it is a slen- der, long-legged animal. The dorsal convexity is moderately strong, but the carine are inserted higher up and are thinner than in the related Western genera. The color of the alcoholic specimen is a uniform dull purplish. It measures about 30 mm. by 4.5 mm.; antenne 5 mm.; leg 4.2 mm. Harger’s measurement is 28 mm. His specimens were States in the very flat dorsum, the thinner margins of the carine, and the very small last segment. The habit is also characteristic, the carine being nearly as continuous as in the Xystodesmide. The femora are unarmed. 1 Through the kindness of Prof. C. V. Piper, of Pullman, Washington, I have recently received a small but very interesting collection of Myriapoda. At MYRIAPODA 57 from the John Day Valley, Oregon, and are described as having the carine and last segment yellow. CHONAPHE ERUCA (Wood). Polydesmus eruca Woop, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 8, 1864; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., x11, p. 227, 1865. Strongylosoma eruca BOLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 122, 1893. The generic position of this species can not be determined with con- fidence, but there need be no doubt that it belongs with the present series of American genera, rather than with the European genus Strongylosoma Brandt. This disposes of a long-standing anomaly of distribution, since no other species of Strongylosoma, nor anything related to it, is known from North America. The present species is assigned to the genus Chonaphe on the basis of three female specimens collected by Prof. C. V. Piper at Pullman, Washington, which may prove to be females of Chonaphe armata, though they are distinctly more robust and convex, and with the carine proportionally much smaller than the females of other species of the related genera. They agree fairly well with Wood’s description, except in color, which is very pale grayish, slightly tinged with brownish in one individual. Wood’s specimens were also all females, and as they, as well as the type of Harger’s species, were from Oregon, the presumption of spe- cific identity is somewhat strengthened, though the degree of sexual dimorphism which this would imply is rather unusual among the Diplopoda. Isaphe gen. nov. Type.—ILsaphe convexa, from Idaho. Antenne subfiliform; joints 2 to 5 equal, joint 6 slightly longer and thicker than the others; olfactory cones 4. First segment semielliptic, nearly as broad as the second, about twice as wide as long. Lateral carine rather narrower than in related genera; posterior corner rounded, produced only on a few posterior segments. Repugnatorial pores sublateral, opening in small pits of the outer slope of the strongly thickened margins of the carine; pore formula normal. Gonapods with basal joint moderately prominent; second joint with a somewhat bulbous base on which are inserted two long, slender, tapering prongs nearly equal in length and size, and strongly connivent at the apex. ¢ The dorsal convexity is notably greater than in other West Ameri- 58 cook can genera. The much rounded carine suggest those of Hysaphe curtipes, but the gonapods are so unlike as to forbid the inference of close relationship. Females have the carinz still further reduced. ISAPHE CONVEXA sp. nov. (Pl. rv, figs. 1a, 15.) Type.—No. 788, U. S. Nat. Mus. Collected by John B. Leiberg in Kootenai County, Idaho, August, 1890. Length of male about 30 mm.; width 5.3 mm.; length of antenna 4.3 mm.; of leg 4 mm. Color in alcohol brown, darkest across the middle of the segment; carine yellowish, also a transverse band occupying the middle third of the posterior margin of each segment. The lighter area is larger and less distinctly defined on posterior segments. Surface of segments smooth and shining. Gonapods with extremely long bristles arising from the basal por- tion of the second joint. The prongs are of nearly equal length, the anterior being somewhat more slender, and having a double curve near the base, while the other is simply arcuate. A male and two female specimens were collected by Mr. Leiberg. Hybaphe gen. nov. Type.—Hybaphe tersa, from State of Washington. Related to Zsaphe and to Harpaphe; from the former it differs in the less convex dorsum and in the very small and spine-like anterior ramus of the gonapod. The posterior branch is much longer and is much more curved than in Jsaphe. From Harpaphe the present genus is distinct in the strongly rounded posterior corners of the carinez, and in the long, strongly decurved, subterete gonapods. HYBAPHE TERSA sp. nov. (el. ry, fig. 32.) Type.—No. 789, U. S. Nat. Mus. Collected by C. V. Piper at Almota, Washington. Length of male 37 mm.; width 6 mm.; length of antenna 5.3 mm.; length of leg from middle of body 5.5 mm., with claw 6 mm, Color of alcoholic specimen dark grayish-brown; carine yellowish; legs very dull reddish; antenne much darker reddish, except at the yellowish articulations. ee MYRIAPODA 59 The yellow areas of the carinz are narrower than in HZ. curtipes, especially in the middle and front of the segment; the dark color of the posterior margin is also more distinct than in that species. HYBAPHE CURTIPES sp. nov. Type.—No. 790, U.S. Nat. Mus. Collected at Pullman, Washing- ton, by C. V. Piper. Length of male about 33 mm.; width 5 mm.; length of leg with- out claw 4.4 mm.; with claw 4.6 mm.; length of female about 36 mm.; width 5.7 mm.; length of leg of female 5 mm.; claw .3 mm. Color in alcohol grayish or greenish-brown, more or less marbled; carine yellow, the yellow area larger and apparently brighter colored than in HZ, ¢ersa. The small and weak legs of the male of this species are, perhaps, the most conspicuous difference between it and H. tersa. Additional diagnostic features are to be found in the small size of the body, the more convex dorsum, the narrower and more rounded carinz, with a larger yellow area. The reduction of the carinez becomes particularly noticeable on the posterior segments, only a few of which have the corners produced, and that but slightly, in comparison with the large projecting angles of H. tersa. The thickened margin of the carina, on the other hand, is more pronounced in the present species, and the poriferous cavity is larger; in other words, the body characters which separate Hybaphe tersa from Harpaphe haydentana are accentuated in Hybaphe curtipes. Harpaphe gen. nov. Type.—Harpaphe haydeniana (Harger) from Oregon. Closely related to the two preceding genera, but of larger size and more robust habit. The posterior angles of the carinz, instead of be- ing rounded, are distinctly produced, and the slender, terete, posterior ramus of the gonapods of /saphe and Hybaphe is replaced in Har- paphe by a very short, robust, flattened and blade-like armature, to which the generic name alludes. Whether the generic is too high a rank to assign to these groups of species can only be determined at a considerably more advanced stage of the study of the Diplopoda, of the Northwest. HARPAPHE HAYDENIANA (Wood). (pl. rv, figs. 4a, 45, 4c.) Polydesmus haydenianus Woon, Proc. Phila. Acad. Sci., p. 10, 1864; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.,, x11, p. 226, 1865. Leptodesmus haydenianus BOLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 122, 1893. 60 cook Type collected in Oregon, apparently by the Hayden Expedition. The specimen is probably no longer in existence; many of the Myria- pods studied by Wood were destroyed by fire in the Smithsonian Insti- tution. This species was secured by the Harriman Expedition at Lowe Inlet, B. C. For comparison the U. S. National Museum has a spec- imen from Portland, Oregon, and several from Comox Lake, Van- couver Island, the male from which the figures were drawn being from this locality. In addition to the notes given below with AZ. intaminata, it may be said that the dorsum of what is taken to be the true Polydesmus haydeniana is somewhat less convex, much more distinctly rugulose, and of a more distinctly brown color than that of the California specimens. The last segment is abruptly narrowed below the very narrow subcylindric apex, which is tipped with brown. The sides of this segment and the adjacent parts of the anal valves are yellowish. No differences in the gonapods were detected, and it seems strange that nobody has suggested the reduction of zxtaminata as a synonym of haydeniana. A female specimen collected by Mr. A, D. Hopkins in June, 1902, in a dense forest of the Olympic Mountains (No. 1062), is nearly black in color, with the yellow areas of the carine smaller than usual and the corners of the posterior carine somewhat more produced. The last segment is slightly constricted just below the truncate apex, and has a slight prominence on each side above the constriction; the tip is dark brown. HARPAPHE INTAMINATA (Karsch). Polydesmus (Oxyurus) intaminatus Karscu, Troschel’s Archiv f. Naturg., XLVII, p. 41, 1881. Leptodesmus intaminatus ATTEMS, Denkschr. Kais. Acad. Wien., LXvIl, p. 387, pl. vi, fig. 135, 1898. Type in the Berlin Museum; from California. This species may easily prove to be a synonym of 7. haydeniana, but from the material studied it appears that California representatives of this genus differ from Oregon specimens in having the dorsal sur- faces smooth and shining, instead of distinctly coriaceous. The yel- low areas of the carine are also somewhat larger and more brightly colored. The last segment is shorter and not produced at apex; in color the apex is yellow throughout, but the sides and anal valves are dark. Neither Wood nor Karsch gives definite localities. Attems studied specimens from Sisson, at the base of Mount Shasta, in northern Cali- fornia, and also examined Karsch’s type, though he does not say that Spm ll er a a MYRIAPODA 61 his description and figure were based upon it. Karsch gives a meas- urement of 30 mm. and Attems 34-36 mm. by 5.5 mm.; but the U. S. National Museum has California specimens 38 mm. by 6 mm., col- lected by Ehrhorn at Mountain View. Family POLYDESMIDZ. It was formerly customary to refer to this family all the members of the order Merocheta, but as now limited it consists largely of temper- ate forms of rather small size, the more intimate relatives of the cir- cumpolar genus Polydesmus. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE NORTHWEST AMERICAN GENERA OF POLYDESMIDZ, Body composed of nineteen segments; dorsum convex, rough with several transverse rows of conic granules.......... Genus Scytonotus. Body with twenty segments; dorsum nearly flat, ornamented with three rows of convex aTeaS............00008 iwaesooans Genus Polydesmus. Genus Scytonotus C. L. Koch. Scytonotus C. L. Kocu, System der Myriapoden, p. 130, 1847. Young and female specimens of a Scytonotus were collected by the Harriman Expedition at Yakutat Bay, Sitka, and Juneau, but without adult males their relationship to the eastern Scytonotus granulatus can not be determined. The figures of Scytonotus shown in plate m1 were made from a specimen from the Northwest, in the belief that it was a new species. Subsequently the vial was misplaced, so that the preparation of a comparative description must be deferred. Genus Polydesmus Latreille. Polydesmus LATREILLE, Hist. Nat. des Crust. et d. Ins., 111, p. 44, 1802, and VII, p. 77, 1804. It is to be expected that Polydesmus will be found in Alaska, but in the forest region of the southern part, rather than upon the coasts and islands visited by the Harriman Expedition. POLYDESMUS CERASINUS Wood. Polydesmus cerasinus Woop, Proc. Phila. Acad. Sci., 1864, p. 6; Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., x11, p. 217, 1865. This species was described from Oregon, and specimens apparently referable to it are included in the collection sent by Prof. C. V. Piper, from the State of Washington. 62 cook Order Colobognatha. The order Colobognatha contains a small series of peculiar Diplo- poda, very different, even in external appearance, from other members of the class: The segments are very short, compact, and numerous. The body is also distinctly flattened, and the projecting sides conceal the legs, so that the Colobognatha are particularly liable to be over- looked as worms, grubs, or slugs. Family POLYZONIIDZ. There are several tropical families of Colobognatha, but the Poly- zoniide are a north-temperate group common to both hemispheres. The complete distinctness of the Diplopod faunas of the two sides of North America is strikingly exemplified by the fact that while the Eastern Polyzonium rosalbum is closely similar to the European P. germanicum, there is a new and very distinct genus in the State of Washington to which the attention of collectors in the Northwest should be directed. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF POLYZONIIDA, Segments strongly depressed, the dorsum nearly horizontal; head broadly rounded; segments 20..........s.sse0ece0+ Genus Platyzonium. Segments strongly convex; head conical; segments 30 to 50. Last segment covered and exceeded by the large, broadly rounded, penultimate segment; segments 30............ Genus Hypozonium. Last segment exposed and projecting beyond the distinctly emar- ginate posterior edge of the penultimate; segments variable in number, adults commonly with 40 to 50...... Genus Polyzonium. Hypozonium gen. nov. The new member of the Polyzoniidz suggests the European Platyzo- nium getschmannti (Zool. Anzeiger, No. 488, p. 426, 1895), rather than Polyzonium. The body is more convex than in Platyzonium, though much less so than in Polyzontum. The body cavity is nearly semicircular in Polyzontum, and about twice as wide as high, but in HHypozontum it is over three times as wide as high, and has the outer corners very narrow. The lateral angles can scarcely be called carine in the present family, since they are not projections from the sides of cylindrical segments, as in the Merocheta and Ceelocheta, but are a direct result of the dorsoventral compression of the body. Among the Merocheta the power of rolling up spirally depends largely upon the MYRIAPODA 63 shortness of the interlocking parts of the segments, but the segments of the Polyzoniide are already extremely short, and the relative flexi- bility of the body in the vertical plane is evidently greater in Hyfo- zonium than in the much thicker Polyzonium. An even more striking difference between Polyzonium and Hyfo- zonium exists in the fact that the last segment, which in Polyzonium is distinctly visible from above as a narrow projection, is in Hypo- zonium entirely concealed and greatly exceeded by the large trapezoidal penultimate segment. In Polyzonium the penultimate segment is slightly longer, and of the same shape as the others, but in AyJo- zonium it is over three times the normal length, and is not emargi- nate behind, but broadly rounded. The last segment is very minute and is concealed in a recess between the oblique and rather prominent pleurez of the penultimate segment. HYPOZONIUM ANURUM sp. nov. (pl. v, figs. 12-14.) Type.—No. 791, U. S. Nat. Museum. Collected at Seattle, Wash- ington, by C. V. Piper. Length about 7 mm.; width 2.5 mm.; 30 segments. Color in alcohol a deep brownish-orange, closer examination shows that the tint is not uniform, but is darker and somewhat mottled on the posterior subsegments. The antennz are dark, with a purplish tinge. In form they are ex- tremely robust, more so than in Polyzontum, and much more so than in Platyzonium. The joints are more unequal in size than in Poly- zontum ; basal joint short, the sixth much the largest, and the seventh reduced to a stopper-like disk which fits into the end of the sixth and is not visible from the side. Eye-spots farther apart than in Polyzontum ; ocelli three on each side, in a somewhat obliquely vertical row, the upper farther apart than the lower, but not in a direction so divergent as those of Polyzonium. The upper ocellus is concealed under the margin of the first segment. The lateral margins and posterior corners of the segments are much more prominent and rounded than in Polyzontum, where the sides of the body are a nearly even, continuous line. Order Anocheta. Cylindrical Diplopoda, mostly of large size. They differ from all except the Colobognatha in having legs on all the anterior segments, 64 cook in having one pair instead of two on segment 5. From the Colobog- natha they are distinct in the cylindrical body, with completely hardened segmental rings, in having the mouth-parts well developed and adapted for chewing, and in having the anterior pair of legs of segment 7 modi- fied into gonapods, instead of having eight normal legs in front of the gonapods, as in the Colobognatha. The large cylindrical Myriapods so common in tropical countries belong to two distinct series formerly treated as constituting two colos- sal related genera, Spérobolus and Spirostreptus, but now recognized as having little in common, and assigned to the separate orders, Ano- cheta and Diplocheta. Only the former extends into temperate re- gions, and this only in North America and eastern Asia. And since the Chinese Anocheta are very similar to those of temperate North America, and may have been derived from them, the absence of tem- perate Anocheta from other parts of the Old World, and the relatively great abundance and diversity of the Anocheta of the American trop- ics in comparison with those of the Old World, may be taken as indi- cations of an American origin for the order as a whole, though its cosmopolitan distribution must have been attained at a very remote period. Family SPIROBOLIDA. The Anocheta are not separated into families, but there are numer- ous genera, and those of temperate North America are distinct from the tropical genus Sfzrodolus, in which they have thus far been in- cluded. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE NORTH AMERICAN GENERA OF SPIROBOLID. Anal valves strongly inflated and evenly convex, the margins not prominent; second segment not projecting below the lateral cor- ners of the first; males with claws of anterior legs as long as the EBERT TOUNL 0.50 tune ce sssggeoeysusreneasayiaanntuomeneaksroes Genus Oxychelus. Anal valves with prominent thickened margins; second segment with a prominent angle directed downward and forward beyond the lateral corners of the first segment; males with claws of anterior legs not hypertrophied. Body slender, over ten times as long as broad; legs long, projecting beyond the sides of the body ; anterior legs of male with third joint much larger than the second, on pairs 4 to 7 strongly compressed and with a thin ventral edge...........sscseseeee Genus Arctobolus.' 1A new genus, based on Arctobolus onondaga sp.nov. The type, collected at Kirkville, Onondaga County, New York, in June, 1895, is 65 mm. long by 5.3 ee MYRIAPODA 65 Body robust, less than eight times as long as broad; legs short, en- tirely concealed by the body from above; anterior legs of male with third joint normal and shorter than the second. Genus Tylobolus. Tylobolus gen. nov. Type.— Tylobolus deses sp. noy., from California. Antenne accommodated by a deep excavation in the head and mandibulary stipe; not concealed under the first segment. First segment. scarcely emarginate on each side in front to accom- modate the prominent posterior corner of the head. Second segment below on each side with a thick oblique ventral ridge or keel enlarged in front into a rounded process projecting below the corner of the first segment as a stout rounded corner. Segments with a very slight transverse constriction, the posterior sub- segment scarcely thicker or more convex than the anterior; repugna- torial pores located in the constriction; posterior subsegments with a short and indistinct longitudinal groove behind the pore. Anal valves prominent and swollen near the margins. Males with coxa of the third leg produced into a large hook, directed forward; coxa of fourth leg prominent, the others scarcely so. Gonapods with ventral plate broadly triangular or rounded; anterior lobes blunt, tuberculate on the anterior face mesad. Posterior gonapods rather simple, strongly curved, ending in a cylindrical pilose spine. The ventral rim of the seventh segment is low, as in Arctodolus. TYLOBOLUS DESES sp. nov. (pl. 11, figs. 3a-32.) Type.—No. 796, U. S. Nat. Mus. Collected in California by Mr. Carl F. Baker. Related to Zylobolus hebes (Bollman), but the body smaller, less robust, and more gradually narrowed caudad, and the apex of the posterior gonapods slender. Length of males about 40 mm.; width 5 to 5.5 mm.; length of females 45 to 50 mm.; diameter 6 to 6.5. Segments 44 to 46. mm, broad, with 55 segments. Color very dark, dull green, the posterior mar- gins of the segments banded with dull red; legs uniform deep red. The first two pairs of legs are strongly crassate in the male and the coxe of pairs 3 to 7 are produced ventrad, but lack the larger hooked processes found in Tylobolus. The present species is abundant in favorable locations in central New York. It differs from the more southern Arctobolus marginatus (Say) in the smaller size, more slender body, more uniform and darker color, and in the more dis- tinct punctation of the’ surface of the segments. The basal joint of the gonapod is sinuate or emarginate laterad, instead of evenly convex as in A. marginatus. 66 cook Color walnut to mars brown and seal brown; posterior margins of segments in some specimens darker and in others lighter; legs some- what paler than body, but of the same color. Young specimens with a slight reddish or pinkish tinge. Clypeus usually with four setiferous punctations on each side; often with five, rarely with three, and in such instances the numbers of the two sides generally unequal. First segment with lateral corners sharper and more produced than in Z. hebes, so that the processes of the second segment appear some- what shorter than in that species. Segments with transverse and other sutures less distinct than in T. hebes, but the surface somewhat more distinctly punctate and with very minute and irregular furrows and strie. The coarser longitudinal or oblique striations of the ventral surface of the segments cease well below the pores, especially caudad. The posterior transverse suture curves backward to pass around the pore. The posterior part of the body tapers more than in 7. hedes, though less in some individuals than in others, since two or three of the rear segments are sometimes much shortened or compacted together. Anal valves rather more prominent, thick, and swollen than in Z. hebes. Gonapods differing from those of 7. hedes, as described by Boll- man, in having the mesial part of the anterior lobe shorter than the ventral plate, and the apex of the posterior lobe turned outward. The posterior gonapod differs also in that the apex is long, subcylindric, and pilose, instead of ** small, thick, and rounded, beneath produced into two serrated plates.” Fifteen specimens were examined, nine of which are mature males. They were probably collected in the vicinity of Palo Alto, though the vials contain no indications of locality, other than ‘California.’ A single female nearly 70 mm. long and 8 mm. wide may represent a distinct species, though closely resembling the others, except in the much greater size. TYLOBOLUS HEBES Bollman. Spirobolus hebes BOLLMAN, Entomologica Americana, I, p. 228, 1887; Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., Iv, p. 31, 1887; Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., pp. 50, 65, 1893. This species belongs undoubtedly to the present genus, and seems — to be very closely allied to the preceding. The National Museum seems to possess only the female of the original pair described by MYRIAPODA 67 Bollman, This animal is peculiar in the unusually great accentuation of the sutures of the segments, which are marked by grooves visible to the naked eye. TYLOBOLUS UNCIGERUS (Wood). Spirobolus uncigerus Wood, Proc. Phila. Acad. Sci., p. 15, 1864; Trans. Am. Phil, Soc., x111, p. 209, 1865.—BoLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 49, 1893. The specimens studied by Bollman are in the National Museum, and belong to this genus. Asa species, 7. wxcigerus is more slen- der than the two preceding, and may also be separated by the charac- ters of the gonapods as shown in Wood’s figure. The apex of the ventral plate and the corners of the anterior lobes are much more an- gular than in Z. deses. A young female specimen in the National Museum collected by S. C. Brown at Corvallis, Oregon, evidently belongs to Zy/odolus, and is more similar to 7. wmcigerus than to the other species. Onychelus gen. nov. Type.— Onychelus obustus sp. nov. Antenne accommodated by a shallow excavation of the head and mandibulary stipe; not concealed under the first segment. First segment distinctly emarginate on each side in front, to accom- modate the very prominent posterior corners of the head. Second segment without ventral processes. Segments with a distinct transverse constriction, the posterior sub- segment distinctly thicker and more convex than the anterior; repug- natorial pores located in front of the constriction; pores followed on posterior subsegments by a very distinct longitudinal sulcus. Anal valves strongly inflated, evenly convex, not more prominent near the margins as in Zylobolus, not greatly exceeding the short, broadly rounded apex of the last segment. Anterior legs of male with claws very large, as long as the distal joint; first two pairs strongly crassate; legs 3 to 7 with coxz only slightly produced; second joints with a rounded prominence below distad; other joints normal. Gonapods with ventral plate produced into a rather narrow tongue nearly as long as the anterior lobes ; posterior gonapods slender, simple. Seventh segment with a transverse ventral crest. 68 COOK ONYCHELUS OBUSTUS sp. nov. Type.—No. 797, U. S. Nat. Mus. Collected in the Colorado desert by C. R. Orcutt. Length of male 38 mm., width 3.8 mm. ; female 39 mm. by 4.2 mm. Colors in alcohol black and dull yellow or clay-color. Segments in front of posterior suture dull black to below the pores; posterior zone reddish above, the ventral surface, legs, and antennz clay-color. Clypeal foveole five on each side; some distance above the foveola two oblique rows of small irregular depressions, the rows converging upward. First segment with a very distinctly raised anterior margin extending from the lateral corners to near the eyes where the limiting groove bends inward and is suddenly obliterated. The edge is concave along the raised margin, to accommodate the inflated angle of the head, and the lateral corner is rather pointed. Segments nearly smooth above; in front of the constriction they are quite even, but the black surface does not shine. Behind they are ab- ruptly thicker and distinctly convex ; the surface shines, though it is less even, being marked by indistinct and irregular longitudinal shallow grooves or depressions. The suture of the median line is marked by a fine sulcus, and that behind the pore is deep and distinct. The longitud- inal grooves become more distinct below the pores, and pass gradually into the normal strictions more than half way down to the legs. Pleural sutures distinct, but less so than the others. The surface of the anterior part of each segment below is ornamented with a delicate network which takes the place of the concentric striations. Last segment very broadly and evenly rounded, the surface inflated and convex, both above and on the sides. Anal valves evenly convex, polished, and shining. Gonapods with ventral plate and mesial corners of anterior lobes much produced ; lateral lobes broadly triangular, the short apex turned outward; posterior gonapods concealed, slender, simple, falcate. Numerous specimens of both sexes have been examined. They are entangled with numerous cactus spines, indicating an intimate associa- tion with these plants. Order Ceelocheta. The Ceelocheta are a distinctly temperate and boreal group, and are probably represented by several species in Alaska. The creatures are ' small and unusually agile, and are poorly represented in collections. This applies especially to the suborder Chordeumatoidea, many of ————EE—————— MYRIAPODA 69 which are natives of alpine districts of limited area. Thus far but two species of this group are known from the northwestern region — Cono- tyla atrolineata (Bollman), from Alaska, and C. glomerata (Harger), from Oregon. Genus Conotyla Cook & Collins. Conotyla Cook & CoLiins, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 1x, p. 70, 1895. CONOTYLA ATROLINEATA (Bollman). Craspedosoma atrolineatum BOLLMAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, p. 618, 1887; Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., pp. 35, 183, 1893. Conotyla atrolineata Cook & Couiins, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 1x, p. 75, 1895. The type of this species was collected at Glacier Bay, Alaska. CONOTYLA GLOMERATA (Harger). Trichopetalum glomeratum HarGeER, Amer. Jour. Sci. and Arts, Iv, p. 118, 1872. Craspedosoma glomeratum BOLLMAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, p. 619, 1887; Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., pp. 36, 120, 1893. Conotyla glomerata Cook & CoLiins, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 1x, p. 78, 1895. ‘* A single specimen of this species was collected by the writer in the valley of the John Day River, Oregon, in October, 1871” (Harger). Order Zygocheta. Diplopoda with 30 segments and upward, the ventral plates generally adnate to but never coalesced with the dorsal part of the exoskeleton. Seminal apertures located in a pair of adnate external ducts inserted below the second pair of legs. The gnathochilarium has the stripes in contact between the mentum and promentum. The north-temperate order Zygocheta has superficial similarity to the tropical Anocheta and Diplocheta, but nearly all the details of structural specialization are different. There are three families of Zygocheta in eastern North America, the Isobatide, the true Julide, and the Parajulide, but only the last is known from the Northwest. Family PARAJULIDZ. First pair of legs of male strongly hypertrophied and crassate, the second pair atrophied; gonapods exserted. In the true Julide of Europe and eastern North America the males have the first pair of legs atrophied and the gonapods are entirely concealed within the body cavity. 70 COOK The Parajulide are a distinctively American group, though not with- out representatives in eastern Asia.’ The true Julide, though having their headquarters in Europe, are cosmopolitan in the north-temperate zone; that no relative of Parajudus has reached Europe seems to in- dicate that these are a more recent group than the true Julide, or that their opportunities of distribution have been more limited. The fact that Parajudus was originally described from Mexico is perhaps a reason why it has been considered less boreal, as it were, than the Julidz, though the greatest development of the Parajulide occurs in the United States. The finding of a member of this family in Alaska not only greatly extends the known distribution of the group, but also ranges it as a boreal if not a circumpolar type, since it is already known from the Hudson Bay region of British America. Genus Parajulus Humbert & Saussure. Parajulus HUMBERT & SaussuRE, Rev. et Mag. Zodl., p. 155, 1860. PARAJULUS ALASKANUS sp. nov. (Pl. v, figs. 4a-42.) Type.—No. 792, U. S. Nat. Mus. Collected at Metlakatla, Alaska, June, 1899, by the Harriman Expedition. Length about 30 mm.; width 1.5 mm. ; segments 43 to 48. Color very dark brown or black, nearly uniform throughout, though sometimes mottled with grayish or pinkish in young or recently moulted specimens. The gonapods show that this is allied, though not very closely, to Parajulus furcifer ( Julus furcifer Harger), but in this the colum- nar lateral parts are apparently longer and more slender, while the prongs of the inner ramus of Harger’s figure are lacking. The color of the animal as a whole is also very much darker than indicated in Harger’s description. In addition to the type, this species was obtained by the Harriman Expedition at Juneau, Sitka, and Yakutat Bay. PARAJULUS FURCIFER (Harger). (Pl. v, figs. 5e-5e.) Julus furcifer HARGER, Jour. Sci. and Arts, Iv, p. 119, 1872. Harger’s original specimens were collected in the John Day Valley, 1A Parajulus has been described by Mr. Pocock from southeastern Corea. ° (Parajulus coreanus Pocock, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, xv, p. 365, pl. x1, £. 12, 12a, 1895.) MYRIAPODA 71 Oregon, October, 1871; those represented in our figures at Corvallis, Oregon, November, 1895, by S. C. Brown. Class CHILOPODA. As a group the Chilopoda are less distinctively tropical than the Diplopoda. They are all carnivorous animals, of active habits, and the genera and species have a very wide distribution. They are more tenacious of life than the Diplopoda, and several species have already become cosmopolitan through human agency. They are thus of dis- tinctly less interest from the standpoint of distributional studies. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE ORDERS OF CHILOPODA. Spiracles in a single series, located in the dorsal median line; tarsi long and whip-like, composed of very numerous small joints. Order Scu1zoTarsi. Spiracles in two lateral series; tarsi few-jointed. Body hatched with 7 pairs of legs, with 15 pairs when mature. Order ANAMORPHA. Body hatched with its full complement of 21 or more pairs of legs. Order EpimorpPua. Order Schizotarsi. The Schizotarsi include the single genus Scutigera, the members of which are all normally tropical or subtropical, though one species, Scutigera forceps, has established itself widely in the continuously warm buildings of American cities, doubtless including those of the Northwest. The strangely elongated, many-jointed tarsi are very dex- trously employed in catching and holding the flies and perhaps other insects on which Scutigera feeds. Order Anamorpha. This order consists principally of the large temperate genus Zztho- bius, many species of which have been found in high latitudes in Europe, Siberia, and North America. Family LITHOBIIDZ. Genus Lithobius Leach. Lithobius Leacu, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, x1, pt. 2, p. 381, 1815. LITHOBIUS STEJNEGERI Bollman. Lithobius stejnegeri BOLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 199, 1893. 42 cook Bering Island, July-August, 1897 (Dr. Stejneger, Mr. Barrett-Ham- ilton) ; Copper Island, August, 1897 (Mr. Barrett-Hamilton). This species belongs to the subgenus Archzlithobzus, and seems to have not very distant relatives among several species described from Siberia by Stuxberg. This larger suite of specimens shows consider- able variation in color, some individuals being quite deep purplish-red, while others are rather light brownish. Females of both colors were examined, and the shape of the genital forceps seemed to be identical. LITHOBIUS SULCIPES Stuxberg. Lithobius suicipes StuxperG, Ofv. vet. Akad. forh., 21, 1876.—BOLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 199, 1893. Bering Island. Taken in 1883 by Dr. Stejneger. Order Epimorpha. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE SUBORDERS OF EPIMORPHA. Segments 21 or 23; not all provided with spiracles. Suborder ScoLOPENDROIDEA. Segments 31 and upward; spiracles in a continuous series. Suborder GEoPHILOIDEA. Suborder SCOLOPENDROIDEA. The more conspicuous representatives of this group are the large tropical centipedes, but there are numerous genera of small Scolopen- droidea, some of which are native in temperate regions. The genus Cryptops is widely distributed in both hemispheres, and will probably be found in the Northwest. Family SCOLOPOCRYPTOPIDZ. Genus Otocryptops Haase. cia oi HaaseE, Abh. Ber. Zod]. Anthrop. Mus. Dresden, No. 5, p. 96, 1887. This genus was separated from Scolopocryptops Newport because of the absence of spiracles from the seventh segment. The type is O. ruéz- ginosa (L. Koch), a native of China and Japan not remotely related to the following widespread North American species. Haase looked upon Ofocryptops as a distinctively Asiatic genus, but it seems rather to have originated in America, where other species of O¢ocryptops and all the related 23-segmented Chilopoda are found. Of the latter there ESSE MYRIAPODA 73 are three genera, Scolopocryptops, Newfortia, and Scolopendrides, all confined to the tropics. OTOCRYPTOPS SEXSPINOSUS (Say) Pocock. Cryptops sexspinosa Say, Jour. Phila. Acad., 1, p. 112, 1821. Scolopocryptops 6-spinosa NEWPORT, Linn. Trans., p. 407; Cat. Myr. Brit. Mus., p. 57, 1856. Scolopocryptops sexspinosus MEINERT, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., p. 179, 1886; Myr. Mus. Haun., 111, p. 14, 1886.— BoLuMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 177, 1893. Otocryptops punctatus Pocock, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 6, 8, vir1, p. 159, 1891. Otocryptops sexspinosus Pocock, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 6, Xv, p. 351, 1895. Suborder GEOPH/LOIDEA. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE NORTHWEST AMERICAN FAMILIES OF GEOPHILOIDEA,. Body attenuated in front; cephalic lamina and the broad prebasal lamina covering the prehensorial legs.......... Family Linoranup2. Body as broad or broader in front than behind; prehensorial legs partially exposed at the sides of the cephalic lamina. Mandibles without dentate lamelle.............. Family GropuHiLipz. Mandibles with dentate lamellz................ Family ScHENDYLID2. Family LINOTENIIDA. A group confined, so far as known, to the temperate and arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The New World species seem to be generically distinct from those of the Old World in details of mouth parts, but externally they are closely similar. The head is pro- portionally much smaller than in the other northern families of the Geophiloidea, giving the animals a habit more similar to the Mediter- ranean genus Dignathodon and to the tropical family Ballophilide, than to the Geophilidz and the Schendylide. Genus Tomotenia Cook. Tomotenia Coox, Am. Naturalist, xxix, p. 866, 1895. TOMOTENIA CHIONOPHILA (Wood). en chionophila Woop, Jour. Phila. Acad. Sci., v, p. 50, 1862; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., x1, p. 189, 1865. Scolioplanes chionophilus MEINERT, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., xx1, p. 223, 1885. 74 cooK Linotenia chionophila BoLLMAN, Bull. 46, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 123, 1893.— Cook, The Fur Seal and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean, pt. 4, 350, 1898. Tomotenia chionophila Coo, Am. Naturalist, xxix, p. 866, 1895. The Harriman Expedition secured numerous specimens of this species at Popof Island, Sitka, Lowe Inlet, and at Karluk on Kadiak Island. It is apparently very common in some localities. The U. S. National Museum has two vials containing more than fifty specimens each from St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, and from Unalaska, col- lected by Professor Kincaid in 1897. Dr. Leonhard Stejneger secured this species on Bering Island, and Mr. Barrett-Hamilton on Copper Island. Among the numerous specimens of Zscaryus stbiricus in the Ham- burg Museum are a few individuals of this or a closely allied species collected at Vladivostock, Siberia, by Graeser. A female in this lot has 43 pairs of legs. Family GEOPHILIDZ. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE WEST AMERICAN GENERA OF GEOPHILID&, Cephalic lamina much longer than broad; prehensorial sternum with- out lateral sulci; sterna with three longitudinal impressed lines. Genus Meczstocephalus. Cephalic lamina but little broader than long; prehensorial sternum with lateral sulci; anterior sterna with deep, oval, median excava- tions. Genus Geophilus. Genus Mecistocephalus Newport. Mecistocephalus NEwPoORT, Proc. Zoél. Soc. London, cxix, p. 178, 1842.— Cook, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvill, p. 60, 1895. A genus of circumpolar distribution. It is often treated merely as a very distinct species of Geophilus, but may prove not to be monotypic. MECISTOCEPHALUS ATTENUATUS (Say). Geophilus attenuatus Say, Jour. Phila. Acad., m1, p. 114, 1821. Geophilus ferrugineus C. L. Kocu, Deutschl. Crust. Myr. u. Arach., heft 111, 1835. Pachymerium ferrugineum C. L. Kocu, System der Myriapoden, p. 187, 1847. Mecistocephalus ferrugineus NEwPort, Cat. Myr. Brit. Museum, p. 81, 1856. Mecistocephalus attenuatus CooK, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvii, p. 60, 1895. In size, color, and habit this species has a gross similarity to Geo- philus alaskanus, described below, but detailed comparison will show many striking differences. The femur and claw of the prehensorial legs are armed with denticules, and the prehensorial sternum is without MYRIAPODA 75 lateral sulci. The cephalic lamina is long and narrow, and the basal lamina is also much narrower, being but twice as broad as long, instead of three times, as in Geophilus. ‘The sterna lack the large median depressions, but are marked with three shallow longitudinal grooves. The Harriman Expedition secured this species at Yakutat Bay; the U.S. National Museum has a specimen from St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, collected by T. Kincaid in 1897. The Yakutat Bay material consists of a mature female and several recently hatched young. The female has 47 pairs of legs. Genus Geophilus Leach. Geophilus LrAcu, Linn. Trans., x1, p. 384, 1815. A large genus of mostly temperate species, much in need of critical revision. GEOPHILUS ALASKANUS sp. nov. Type.—No. 793, U. S. Nat. Mus.; collected by the Harriman Ex- pedition at Sitka, Alaska, June, 1899 (No. 47); a single specimen. Length about 30 mm.; width .75 mm.; male with 53 segments. Color in alcohol rather dull orange brown. Cephalic lamina oblong, somewhat longer than broad ; frontal lamina completely coalesced; prebasal lamina not exposed; basal lamina broader than the cephalic. Prehensorial sternum broader than long; lateral sulci distinct; pro- sternal teeth obsolete; coxw# unarmed; claw unarmed at base. Dorsal surface naked and smooth, except for two very faint impressed lines. Sterna, beginning with the second, with very deep oval median depressions, becoming shallow at the middle of the body and obsolete caudad. Last sternum trapezoidal, slightly longer than broad, the lateral edges nearly straight and the posterior margin squarely truncate. Pleure of last segment rather small, marked with 8 or 10 pigmented pores, of which the posterior one of the ventra! face is larger than the others and is sunk in a deep cavity. First pair of legs very smal); last pair in male distinctly larger and more robust than the others, but scarcely crassate; armed with a claw of nearly normal size. The deep color of this species suggests M/ec¢stocephalus attenuatus, but the head is distinctly that of a Geophzlus. 76 cooK Family SCHENDYLIDZ. The Schendylide are a circumpolar family rather closely related to the true Geophilide, but apparently forming a distinct and rather com- pact group. The typical genus Schendyla is widely distributed in North America, as well as in Europe and North Africa. There is a second genus in the Mediterranean region, a third in West Africa, and a fourth in Madagascar. The American tropics have furnished as yet no representative of this family, though Pectindunguzs is known from the Florida Keys and from Lower California. In addition to that noticed below, there is a fourth American genus (/o/étys) from the Organ Mountains of New Mexico. ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE NORTH AMERICAN GENERA OF SCHENDYLID&. Ventral pores WANUNGs...5..ncscassrkocsdasassrcvrses .....Genus Hscaryus. Ventral pores present, in a circular median area. Anal legs armed with a normal claw..............06 ...Genus Holitys. Claw of anal legs rudimentary or wanting. Claw of maxillary palpus simple; mandibles with a single dentate lamella; last joint of anal legs much reduced. Genus Schendyla. Claw of maxillary palpus pectinate; mandibles with 3 dentate lamellz; last joint of anal legs as long or longer than the ppenultimates..: Ul +5 . ra " i ; ‘ F { . 4 ; § a bet + s - The following paper on the Odonata of the Expedition, by Rolla P. Currie, Aid, Division of Insects, U. S. National Museum, was originally published in the Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, vol. 11, pp. 217-223, July 13, 1901. It is here re- printed from the same electrotype plates, so that it may be quoted exactly as if it were the original. The original pagination has been preserved and transferred to the inner or hinge side of the page, where it is enclosed in brackets, thus [218]; while the consecutive pagination of the present volume has been added in the usual place. The present headpiece and title have been substituted for the running heading of the Academy’s Proceedings and the original title, which was: Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. XXil. Entomological Results (14): The Odonata. No other alterations have been made. The author desires to record the following corrections : Page 147 [217]: Eleventh line from bottom, for ‘ three’ read four. Eighth line from bottom, omit ‘and.’ Seventh line from bottom, insert after ‘ (Say)’: *: and Anan junius (Drury), and change ‘ eleven’ to twelve. EpITor. (146) ODONATA OF THE EXPEDITION BY ROLLA P. CURRIE TueE Odonata collected by Professor Trevor Kincaid during the Harriman Expedition comprise eight species, represented by eighty-nine specimens. None of these appear to be new; yet © the collection is interesting in that it serves to extend the known range of certain forms and to add to our knowledge of the Odonata fauna of Alaska. No paper on the dragonflies of this territory has been hitherto published; and only three species, additional to the eight collected by the Harriman Expedition, have been pre- viously reported from Alaska. These are Enuallagma annexum (Hagen), schna sitchensis (Hagen) and schna clepsydra (Say), thus making eleven species. Family AGRIONIDZ. Subfamily AGRIONINA. LESTES species (?). One female belonging to some species of this genus was taken at Fox Point, July 26-28. The species of Zestes are separated, mainly, by the characters of the male abdominal appendages, and females taken [217] ‘ . (147) 148 CURRIE [218] singly cannot always be determined with certainty. The following description of the specimen is given for future reference : Length 34 mm.; abdomen 26; hind wing 20.7; pterostigma 1.7. Blackish-brown. The following parts are pale yellowish, viz: under parts of head, lips, gene (except a few spots), rhinarium, tips of two basal joints of antenne, mid-dorsal thoracic carina, humeral stripe (which is wider below), sides of thorax inferiorly (except 2d lateral suture above and some spots near cox), and venter of thorax (except middle line which is wider behind). Abdomen yellowish, marked above with dark metallic green as follows : on segment 1, a narrow longitudinal median line, widening behind, and divided into two large divaricate spots ; on 2, a mid-dorsal band, divided by a median line which is widened in front, the band widened and orbicular posteriorly (enclosing a pale spot on either side) and connected with the dark apical ring by a short stalk; 3-5 similar, but the dividing line uniformly narrow, the band forming a point anteriorly and barely reaching the base; 6 without posterior pale spots, the bands otherwise as in 3-5; on 7 and 8 the band is wider, not separated, not stalked behind; on 9 and 10 they narrow posteriorly; the bands on 6-10 are blackish-brown, hardly metallic. Sides of abdomen with indistinct dark markings, these principally apical. Venter dark. Tenth segment with its apical margin triangularly notched above, scarcely elevated. Anal append- ages two-thirds the length of 10, conical, pale, black on apical half. Genital valves pale, their edges dark apically and minutely denticulate ; valvular processes dark, about as long as appendages. Legs pale, the femora without, tibia within, and the tarsi, black. Pterostigma brown. ENALLAGMA CALVERTI Morse. Enallagma calverti Morse, Psyche, vu, No. 227, p. 208, March, 1895. (Male described.)—WILLIAMsom, Ent. News, x1, No. 5, p. 455, text fig. 4, Pl. 1x, figs. 5, 9 and 10, May, 1900, (Female described and male ap- pendages figured.) Kukak Bay, June 29-July 5; Cook Inlet, July 21; Kadiak, July 20; Juneau, July 25: thirty-three males and nineteen females. These specimens average larger than those I have seen from the United States: Length, ¢ 30.7 mm.-35 mm., 2 31.5-35.6; abdomen 3 24-27.3, 2 24.8-27.3; hind wing $ 18.7-21.8, 9 20-22.2. In the markings of head, thorax, and abdomen they agree fairly well with Z. cyathigerum (Charpentier) as described by Selys' and exhibit similar variations in the shape and extent of the dorsal abdominal markings, as follows : 1Bull. Acad. Belg. (2), XLI, p. 505, 1876. [219] THE ODONATA 149 Males: On segment 1, basal spot usually quadrate, narrowed and more or less rounded on sides behind, its hind margin sometimes excised but usually straight or nearly so and generally with a small median triangular projection; on segment 2, transverse posterior spot : in front, convex and more or less rounded, sometimes pointed medially ; behind, convex, or straight, or sinuated and pointed; sometimes united with apical margin by a short stalk which varies greatly in length, width and shape; sometimes connected with an inferior lateral stripe present in some specimens; on segments 3 to 6, spots more or less pointed anteriorly, widened and usually rounded pos- teriorly, broadly united with apical ring; spot on segment 3 covering posterior 4 to 4; on 4 covering 4 to 3; on 5, 2 to 4; on 6, 2 to 3. The spot on segment 7 covers apical 8 or more. Dorsum of seg- ment 10 entirely black. Other irregularly placed spots are some- times present. Females: Spot on segment 1 similar to that of the males; on2z quite variable in shape and size, the narrowed portion not always reaching the anterior margin, sometimes bifid; posterior widened portion rounded or angulate laterally; connected directly, or by a short wide stalk, with the apical ring. Spots on segments 3 to 7 similar to those on male but longer, covering apical $ or more on all of them. Spot on segment 8 exceedingly variable in shape, broadly or narrowly pointed anteriorly, widened behind, connected with posterior margin directly or by a stalk, in one specimen zo¢ reaching posterior margin; widened portion sometimes connected with a lateral spot or stripe. Spots on segments 9 and 10 covering entire dorsum, narrowing behind. The postocular spots (in both sexes) are large and in most specimens denticulate behind as in &. annexum (Hagen), the denticulations sometimes connected with the blue of rear of head. The male appen- dages agree well with those of calvertz as described by Morse and fig- ured by Williamson. These variations seem to be individual rather than geographical, although the males from Juneau all have very long dorsal spots on the abdominal segments. This species, described from Nevada, has also been reported from Massachusetts, Maine, Wyoming and Washington. Family <2SCHNIDAZ. Subfamily ZSCHNINA., ZESCHNA JUNCEA (Linn.). Libellula juncea Linn., Syst. Nat., 1, p. 544, n. 10, 1758, 4ischna juncea KirBy, Synonymic Cat., p. 87, 1890. 150 CURRIE [220] One male from Kadiak, July 20; one female, Unga Island, July 17, collected by Prof. W. E. Ritter. The National Museum also contains one male and three females from Nushagak River, Alaska, collected by McKay (No. 97). This species occurs throughout the northern portions of Europe, Asia, and North America. The pterostigma is brown, paler in the female specimen. AESCHNA CONSTRICTA (Say). Aeshna constricta Say, Journ. Ac. Phila., v1, p. 11, 1839. schna constricta Kirby, Synonymic Cat., p. 88, 1890.—CALVERT, Trans. Am. Ent, Soc., Xx, p. 249, 1893.—KELLIcoTT, Bull. Ohio State Univ. (4), No. 5, p. 83, March, 1899.—WILLIAMSON, 24th Ann, Rep. Dept. Geol. and Natural Resources, Ind., 1889, p. 305, Pl. Iv, fig. 10, Pl. vu, figs. 14 & 15, 1900, Two males, Kadiak, July 20, and Cook Inlet, July 21; two females, Kadiak, July 20. This is a common species in the United States and has also been re- corded from British Columbia, Kamchatka, and Siberia. The pterostigma in the males is black; in the females yellowish- brown. Family ZLIBELLULIDA. Subfamily CORDULINZA. CORDULIA SHURTLEFFI Scudder. Cordulia shurtlefi SCUDDER, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., x, p. 217, 1866.— SELys, Bull. Acad. Belg. (2), XxxI, p. 265, 1871.—KirBy, Synonymic Cat., p. 52, 1890. One female, Kukak Bay, June 29-July 5; one female, Fox Point, July 26. i i ; +... bi fe The following paper on the Neuropteroid Insects of the Expedition, by Nathan Banks, Division of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture, was originally published in the Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, vol. u, pp. 465-476, Dec. 20, 1900. It is here reprinted from the same electrotype plates, so that it may be quoted exactly as if it were the original. The original pagina- tion has been preserved and transferred to the inner or hinge side of the page, where it is enclosed in brackets, thus [466]; while the con- secutive pagination of the present volume has been added in the usual place. Inthe plates the original numbers and running headline, slightly abbreviated, have been preserved [in brackets], while the volume designation and serial plate numbers have been added in the usual place. The original text references to the plates are unchanged. The present headpiece and title have been substituted for the running head- ing of the Academy’s Proceedings and the original title, which was: Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. x. Entomolog- ical Results (4): Neuropterotd Insects. No other alterations have been made. EpiTor. (156) — —— SS eel NEUROPTEROID INSECTS OF THE EXPEDITION BY NATHAN BANKS Tue Neuropteroid insects collected by Professor Kincaid on the Harriman Alaska Expedition represent thirty-four species. They may be tabulated as follows: PBCUGOUEHTOPLETH, 3.5.5 ves as: 6, 0: 0s 6 oo 0 0a ee Be one II OOMERAN eta & Pevce) fe, bisa) oda Fe Lae eye a ee, 96 bibl Wile 9 PS POSIOOTAG ES ny ig ane Sle o> pee yet w ene. 08.0 eb Mee ve 2 PUCULODECES: sits fe! shoe: 6! 'e iia: eps ta,.6 Jo ote ope ele ares I Hemerobiide. .....+- eS.) Fe a wh "ote wi Oy eR lak oy I SERRE ROMER Shas ‘a \ieh'y 8 tera es. eller ee by gore 6 Reon 22 Phryganeid@® . 2. ec eis te eh eet te wwe Re I PACOIMA ele. tea G eo. a hohe Bele a ela ener ee 16 COOCRTIGM 5.505) 5:18) o8:, by Sane (hi, ois bl olay We ia bee versal (eae 3 PAT ACOPILIGIO) 3's oo avo. 6) Talay a: oie cols) A~ 6) vee 8 wey 2 LOB a 6 3 ae S$ Rw e) tos 34 34 It will thus be seen that the great majority of the species be- long to two families, Perlida and Limnephilide. As regards the affinities of the fauna we can deal with only the described species, twenty-five in number. These may be tabulated as follows: Known from Washington State... 1... see» soc e nee 10 PaxIeWwar £tOmy COLOTACO «'s dcaie 2s. e 0 ob wie 8) a en wise ee Lee 4 PERIOWERS CT OM MPEONS a: o.7.01 "5255 Osho) 62. ee fo eo) ee PM © Wie. ce 2 Known from Northern United States. ......00e ee eee 6 Known from British America. , <6 6 6 6 5 «0 0 e's se 6 ee 2 Rnown from Alaska onlysis Gace. sv e)beeCe be hoe, se he [465] : : (157) 158 BANKS [466] Leaving out the species restricted to Alaska (some of which will doubtless be found on the West Coast), it will be seen that the fauna is very similar to that of the State of Washington. The Perlide are represented chiefly by species of moderate size; the Trichoptera are represented by many species of large size. As a whole the collection is more brightly colored than those of more temperate latitudes. — PSEUDONEUROPTERA. Family PERLIDZ. Chloroperla imbecilla Say. Chloroperla imbecilla Say, LeConte Ed. Compl. Writ., 1, p. 175, 1859. Several specimens from Popof Island and Kukak Bay (July). Pre- viously known from the Eastern States, Canada, and Washington. Chloroperla pacifica Banks. Chloroperla pacifica BANKS, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., p. 313, 1895. Several specimens from Sitka (June) and Juneau (July). Described from Washington. Chloroperla borealis Banks. Chloroperla borealis BANKS, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., p. 313, 1895. One specimen from Sitka (June). Described from Washington and Colorado. Chloroperla decolorata Walker. Chloroperla decolorata WALKER, Brit. Mus. Cat. Neur., p. 170, 1852. Several from Popof Island and Kukak Bay (July). Previously known from British America and Canada. Isopteryx cydippe Newman. Isopteryx cydippe NEWMAN, Mag. Nat. Hist. (2), 11, p. 88, 1839. Four specimens from Sitka (June). Occurs in the northeastern States and Canada. Nemoura cinctipes Banks. Nemoura cinctipes BANKS, Trans. Amer, Ent. Soc., p. 21, 1897. Four specimens: Sitka and Yakutat (June) ; Popof Island (July). Described from Washington. Nemoura sp. One specimen from Sitka (June). It is a small species, similar to LV. depressa Banks, but apparently different. Bik an [467] NEUROPTEROID INSECTS 159 Teniopteryx sp. Two specimens from Sitka (June). A rather large species with unmarked wings, except that the costal area is darker. Leuctra sp. Two specimens from Sitka (June) ; apparently like the eastern Z. Serruginea, but the genitalia are different. Family EPHEMERIDZ. Ephemerella grandis Eaton. Ephemerella grandis Eaton, Riv. Mon. Eph., p. 128, 1886. Several examples from Popof Island (July). Described from Col- orado. Betis sp. Two adults and a sub-imago : Popof Island (July). Itis pale brown, with yellowish legs and white sete. NEUROPTERA. Family HEMEROBIIDA. Hemerobius pacificus Banks. Hemerobius pacificus BANKS, Trans. Amer, Ent. Soc., p. 24, 1897. One specimen from Virgin Bay, Prince William Sound (June). Described from Washington. TRICHOPTERA. Family PHRYGANEIDA. Neuronia lapponica Hagen. Neuronia lapponica HAGEN, Verh, Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien., p. 852, 1864. Two specimens, from Kukak Bay (July), of a pretty Meuronta which agrees well with this European species in every respect. Not before recorded from the American Continent. Family LIMNEPHILIDA. Limnephilus gravidus Hagen. Limnephilus gravidus HAGEN, Syn. Neur. N. Amer., p. 257, 1861. Two specimens from Virgin Bay (June). Described from North California; also occurs in Washington. Limnephilus ornatus Banks. Limnophilus ornatus BANKs, Trans, Amer, Ent. Soc., p. 27, 1897. 160 BANKS [468] One specimen from Popof Island (July). Known from New Hampshire and Canada. Limnephilus sitchensis Kolenati. Pls. XXVII, fig. 8; XXVIII, fig. 15. Limnephitlus sitchensis KOLENATI, Gen. e Sp. Trich., 1, p. 276, 1859. Limnophilus pacificus BANKS, Trans, Amer. Ent. Soc., p. 207, 1898. Many specimens from Kukak Bay, Popof Island, Unga and Un- alaska (July). Described from Alaska. My Z. pacificus is from Washington. At the time of its description I had not access to Kolenati’s work. Limnephilus harrimani sp. nov. Plate XX VII, figs. 1 and 2. Face yellowish, black hair on sides and yellow in middle; vertex black, silvery near eyes, black hair above, posterior warts yellow, with black hair, ocelli rather small; palpi yellow; antenne with basal joint brown, beyond yellowish, faintly annulate with brown. Prothorax with rather short yellow hair; rest of thorax black, silvery on middle, with mostly black hair, some yellowish on the sides near base of fore wings; legs yellowish, spines black; abdomen brown. Fore wings yellowish hyaline, largely infuscate with pale brown, sometimes broken up into faint pale spots, bases of the apical cells (except first) hyaline, apex of the thyridial area and base of the first subapical cell also hyaline; several large irregular dark brown spots in thyridial cell, area and subapicals; costal area pale; radius considerably bent at ptero- stigma, discal cell nearly one-third longer than its pedicel, first and fifth apicals fully their width on discal cell and thyridial area, fourth apical narrow at base. Hind wings hyaline, rather yellowish on tips, yellowish veins and gray fringe; fourth apical cell narrow at base, third broad and with a brown dot. Length 14 mm.; expanse 26 mm. Two specimens from Kukak Bay (July), and Sitka (June). Type.—Cat. no. 5259, U. S. National Museum. Limnephilus perjurus Hagen. Plate XXVIII, fig. 14. Limnephilus perjurus HAGEN, Syn. Neur. N. Amer., p. 258, 1861. Two specimens from Popof Island (July). Described from Alaska. Limnephilus kincaidi sp. nov. Plate XXVII, fig. 5. Face black, with some yellow hair; vertex black, with black hair above and some yellowish behind; ocelli rather small; palpi pale; antennz with basal joints black, rest yellowish. Prothorax with yellow hair; rest of thorax black, yellow patagia with yellow hair, yellow ~ hair in middle; legs bright yellowish, usually black on femora except the tips, spines black; abdomen black. Fore wings rather dirty yellow- CC] — [469] NEUROPTEROID INSECTS 161 ish, sometimes clearer beyond the anastomosis, veins mostly yellowish brown, hair black; radius considerably bent at the pterostigma, discal cell not much longer than its pedicel, first and fifth apical cells about their width on discal cell and thyridial area, fourth apical narrow at base; cubitals fractured at the posterior anastomosis. Hind wings hya- line, rather yellowish at the pterostigma, veins pale, fringe black, fourth apical cell plainly narrower at base than third. Length 13 mm.; ex- panse 25 mm. Three specimens from St. George Island, Bering Sea (July). Type.—Cat. no. 5260, U. S. National Museum. Limnephilus nebulosus Kirby. Plate XXVIII, fig. 12. Limnephilus nebulosus KirBY, Faun, Bor. Amer., p. 253, 1837. Four specimens, which apparently belong to this species, from Vir- gin Bay, Prince William Sound (June), and Saldovia and Kukak Bay (July). Described from British America. Limnephilus sp. Two specimens, from Popof Island and Kukak Bay (July), repre- sent a small and probably undescribed species, but the material is not sufficient for study. Asynarchus punctatissimus (Walker). Plate XXVII, fig. 6. Hallesus punctatissimus WALKER, Brit. Mus. Cat. Neur., p. 17, 1852. Four specimens from Popof Island and Farragut Bay (July). Oc- curs in Canada and Nova Scotia. Asynarchus simplex sp. noy. Plate XXVII, fig. 3. Head black, with black hair; palpi black; antenne black, narrowly annulate with pale; ocelli of moderate size. Prothorax with long yellow hair, rest of thorax black, with black hairs in front of wings and yellowish near middle; legs pale yellowish, except the femora which are black, spines black; abdomen dark brown. Fore wings infuscated with pale brown, darker on pterostigma and along hind margin, veins brown, some faint pale spots beyond the anastomosis, hairs and fringe nearly black; radius considerably bent at pterostigma, the discal cell about one-third longer than its pedicel, first and fifth apical cells scarcely their width on discal cell and thyridial area, a brown dot in base of third apical, fourth as wide at base as third, the cubitals fractured at posterior anastomosis. Hind wings hyaline, with yellowish brown veins, pterostigma rather darker, fourth apical cell as wide as third at base. Length 14 mm.; expanse 27 mm. Two specimens from St. Paul Island, Bering Sea. Type.—Cat. no. 5261, U. S. National Museum. 162 BANKS [470] Asynarchus fumosus sp. nov. Plate XXVII, figs. 7, 9, 10. Face dark in middle, pale on sides, with yellowish hair ; vertex black, warts black, with mostly yellowish hair; ocellismall; palpi pale yel- lowish; antenne brown, annulate beyond basal joints with yellowish. Prothorax with long yellow hair; thorax black, with mostly yellowish hair; legs yellowish, femora infuscate on bases, spines black; abdo- men brown. Fore wings brown, shining; veins brown; rather yel- lowish in base of costal area; many scattered pale dots, most numerous just below the radius; a white mark near apex of thyridium, arculus white; several large whitish hyaline spots as follows: an oblique one in middle of the thyridial area and cell, one each in bases of first, sec- ond, fourth and fifth apical cells, a large one in apex of third apical, and a triangular one in apex of first and second subapicals (sometimes one or several of the discal marks are wanting); radius is bent at pterostigma, the discal cell is twice as long as its pedicel, the first apical is rather wide at apex and extends for about its width on discal cell; the fourth is as wide as the third at base, the fifth extends about its width on thyridial area, the cubitals are fractured at posterior anastomosis. Hind wings hyaline, slightly infuscate on apex, a white dot in base of third apical cell; the fourth apical is broader at base than third. Length 15 mm.; expanse 29 mm. Type.—Cat. no. 5262, U. S. National Museum. Several specimens from Berg Bay (June) ; also occurs in Washing- ton State. In one specimen the second apical sector fails to reach the margin in each hind wing. Asynarchus flavicollis sp. nov. Plate XXVIII, figs. rx and 13. Face yellowish, with yellow hair; vertex black, posterior warts yel- low, with yellow hair; ocelli small; palpi yellow; antenne yellow- ish, faintly annulate with brown. Prothorax yellow, with yellow hairs; rest of thorax black, the patagia and meso-scutellum pale; ab- domen yellowish on base, brown at tip; legs clear pale yellowish, spurs reddish, spines black. Fore wings whitish hyaline, largely marked with brown, veins mostly yellowish, brown toward tips, the white spaces of wing with white hair, the brown spaces with brown hair; the brown marks are as follows: space between subcosta and radius, the radial sector and its fork narrowly margined, the third apical cell, the apical half of the fifth apical cell, basal half of the first subapical, all of second and third subapicals, middle of thyridial area, and all but tip of thyridial cell, and along the cubital veins; the first apical is about its width on discal cell, fourth as wide as third at ee [471] NEUROPTEROID INSECTS 163 base, fifth about its width on thyridial area, upper branch of cubitus fractured at posterior anastomosis, radius bent at pterostigma. Hind wings whitish hyaline, more yellowish at tip, veins yellowish; fourth apical cell is as wide as third at base. Length 18 mm.; expanse 34 mm. Two specimens from Yakutat (June). Type.—Cat. no. 5263, U. S. National Museum. Asynarchus alascensis sp. nov. Plate XXVIII, fig. 16. Face yellowish, with pale yellow hair; vertex black, with pale yel- low hair; ocelli large, looking outwards; posterior warts yellow; palpi pale; antennz yellowish on base, brownish beyond, narrowly annulate with brown, or brown throughout. Prothorax with tufts of long yellow hair; rest of thorax black, with some yellow hair; legs yellowish, femora more or less infuscate on bases, spines black; ab- domen brown. Fore wings dirty yellowish-hyaline, sparingly clothed with yellow hair, black on the veins; thyridial cell, except base, and first subapical cell, except tip, whitish, with silvery white hair; veins mostly brown, that closing the thyridial area, a point on thyridium and the arculus white; radius considerably bent at the pterostigma ; first apical cell fully its width on discal cell; fifth acute at base, scarcely on thyridial area; cubitals fractured at posterior anastomosis. Hind wings grayish hyaline, rather yellowish beyond anastomosis; discal cell only about twice as long as broad at tip, fourth apical about as broad as third at base. Length 14.5 mm.; expanse 29 mm. Four specimens: Berg Bay and Virgin Bay (June); Kukak Bay (July). Type.—Cat. no. 5264, U. S. National Museum. In one specimen the silvery marks are scarcely visible. Halesus (?) alascensis sp. nov. Plate XXVIII, figs. 19 and 20. Face yellow, with black hair on sides and yellowish in middle; ver- tex brown with yellow hair, ocelli small, posterior warts yellowish, black hair behind the eye; antennz yellowish; palpi pale, slender. Prothorax yellow, with yellow hair, rest of thorax black, gray on mid- dle, meso- and meta-scutellum yellow, mostly yellow hair; legs rather dirty yellowish, spines black; abdomen brown. Fore wings yellowish in anterior half, brown on posterior half, the division marked by a silvery white line above and a black line below, a black spot at base of the fourth apical cell, pterostigma darker than the nearby regions; veins yellowish; costal region is very broad, apical margin of wing almost concave, membrane finely rugulose and clothed with fine hairs, 164 BANKS [472] radius much bent at pterostigma, discal cell much longer than pedicel, fourth apical narrower than third at base, the cubitals fractured at pos- terior anastomosis. Hind wings yellowish hyaline, scarcely infuscate on tips, a brown dot in base of third apical cell; fourth apical acute at base. Length 18 mm.; expanse 35 mm. One specimen from Yakutat (June). Type.—Cat. no. 5265, U. S. National Museum. Apatania tripunctata sp. nov. Plate XXVII, fig. 4. Head black, with white and yellowish hairs; palpi and antenne black. Thorax black, with short white hair; legs yellowish, femora black except the tips; abdomen black. Wings blackish, darkest be- yond the anastomosis; veins black, with black hair; membrane with scattered yellowish hair, fringes black; three hyaline white spots; one on veinlet closing the thyridial area, one on thyridium, one at arculus; hind wings with a white mark at base of the fifth apical cell; in fore wing the first apical is about twice its width on discal cell fifth apical acute at base and not on thyridial area; cubitals fractured at the pos- terior anastomosis ; discal cell one-half longer than its pedicel. Length II mm.; expanse 21 mm. Several specimens from Yakutat (June). Type.—Cat. no. 5266, U. S, National Museum. Apatania sp. : One specimen of a small black species from Kukak Bay (July). Family LEPTOCERIDZ. Molanna sp. Two specimens of an ordinary-looking species from Popof Island and Kadiak (July). Mystacides nigra (Linné). Phryganea nigra LinnE, Syst. Nat. (12), p. 909, 1768. Several specimens from Yukatat (June). Widely distributed in Europe and the northern parts of this country. Heteroplectron sp. One specimen from Popof Island (July). Apparently different from HZ. californicum. Family RHYACOPHILIDA. Glossosoma alascensis sp. nov. Plate XXVIII, figs. 17 and 18. Black; antennz yellowish on basal third (except basal joint) ; legs [473] NEUROPTEROID INSECTS 165 brownish yellow, spurs brown, a few pale weak spines on middle and hind tibia, in female the middle tibia and first two joints of tarsi broadened and flattened. Wings infuscate; veins black; hair mostly black, yellow in regions of pterostigma and arculus; fringes gray; veinlet closing thyridial area, a point on thyridium and the arculus are white; first apical cell is acute at base, but not pedicellate; in hind wings the fifth apical is long pedicellate. Male has a broad elongate plate on middle of base of the fifth ventral segment, and from each side at its base is a curved stout tooth, a spine on sixth and seventh segments. Length 8 mm.; expanse 14.5 mm. Many specimens from Popof Island (July). Type.—Cat. no. 5267, U. S. National Museum. Glossosoma sp. One specimen of a black species from Popof Island (July). y PLATE XI. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, Pl. XXVII.] Fic. Limnephilus harrimant, insect. wake 2. Limnephilus harrimani, $ genitalia. 3. Asynarchus simplex, $ genitalia. 4. Apatania tripunctata, wing and $ genitalia. 5. Limnephilus kincaidt, $ genitalia. 6. Asynarchus punctatissimus, $ genitalia. 7. Asynarchus fumosus, $ genitalia. 8. Limnephilus sitchensts, 2 genitalia. . Asynarchus fumosus, 2 genitalia. . Asynarchus fumosus, insect. [474] 9 10. H. A. E. VOL. Vill, PLATE XI ALASKA NEUROPTEROIDS AMOEN ACO BALTIMORE, PLATE XII. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, Pl. XXVIIL] Fic. 11. Asynarchus flavicollis, insect. 12. Limnephilus nebulosus, $ genitalia. 13. Asynarchus flavicollis, $ genitalia. 14. Limnephilus perjurus, $ genitalia. 15. Limnephilus sttchensts, 3 genitalia. 16. Asynarchus alascensis, 3 genitalia. 17. Glossosoma alascensts, venter. 18. Glossosoma alascensis, genitalia. 19. Halesus alascensis, $ genitalia, 20. Halesus alascensis, insect. [476] (168) H. A. E. VOL, Vill, PLATE XII ALASKA NEUROPTEROIDS AMOK ACO BALTIMORE” r - = . ’ :” , + m ‘ Sa a= COLEOPTERA OF THE EX- PEDITION The following paper on the Coleoptera of the Expedition, by E. A. Schwarz, U. S. Department of Agriculture, was originally pub- lished in the Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, vol. 11, pp. 523-537, Dec. 20, 1900. It is here reprinted from the same electrotype plates, so that it may be quoted exactly as if it were the original. The original pagination has been preserved and trans- ferred to the inner or hinge side of the page, where it is enclosed in brackets, thus [524]; while the consecutive pagination of the present volume has been added in the usual place. The present headpiece and title have been substituted for the running heading of the Acad- emy’s Proceedings and the original title, which was: Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. xvut, Entomological Results (12): Coleoptera. No other alterations have been made. Epiror. (170) iP q COLEOPTERA OF THE EXPEDITION BY E. A. SCHWARZ Tue Coleopterous fauna of Alaska is much better known than that of any of the other orders of insects of that territory, at least so far as the region along the southern and southeastern coasts is concerned, and Count C. G. von Mannerheim, in his often quoted series of papers,’ enumerates and describes (in conjunc- tion with Professor F. W. Meklin) not less than 540 species. Subsequently to these early investigations by Russian explorers only a few additional species have been discovered in these regions. In 1894 the late Dr. John Hamilton’ published a sys- tematically arranged catalogue of the Coleoptera from Alaska which brings the total number of species to about 580. This in- cludes, however, a small number of imperfectly known or not yet identified species described by the earlier authors. Owing to the large number of species already known from southern Alaska, and also to the difficulty in thoroughly exploring the Coleopterous 1Beitrag zur Kefer-fauna der Aleutischen Inseln, der Insel Sitka und Neu- Californiens. Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscow, vol. 16, 1843. Nachtrege zur Keferfauna d. Aleut. Inseln und d. Sitka, 1-m1, 1. c. vol. 19, 1846, vol. 25, 1852; and vol. 26, 1853. 2 Catalogue of the Coleoptera of Alaska, with the synonymy and distribution. Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc., vol. 21, 1894, pp. 1-38. [523] ; (171) 172 SCHWARZ [524] fauna in these boreal regions during the short period of two months, it was not to be expected that very extensive additions to the knowledge of Alaska Coleoptera would be made during the Harriman Alaska Expedition, when usually only one day or only a few hours were spent in collecting at each particular locality. Still the number of species (155) collected by Pro- fessor Kincaid under these unfavorable circumstances is sur- prisingly large and gives great credit to his industry and cir- cumspection. The bibliography and distribution of the described Alaska Coleoptera has been fully given by Dr. Hamilton, and since his paper (quoted above) is of such recent date and so readily ac- cessible, it has been deemed advisable to give here simply the list of the species collected by the expedition. Family CARABIDZ. Cychrus angusticollis Fischer. Sitka, June 16, 4 specimens. Cychrus angusticollis var. velutinus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 3 specimens; Kadiak, July 20, 2 specimens; Saldovia, July 21, 3 specimens; Orca, June 27, 1 specimen. Cychrus marginatus Fischer. Sitka, June 16, 4 specimens; Kadiak, July 20, 1 specimen; Una- laska (no date). The specimen from Unalaska has the elytral stria- tion more interrupted. Carabus tedatus race baccivorus Fischer. Kadiak, July 1 and July 20, 3 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Nebria mannerheimii Fischer. Sitka, June 16, 4 specimens; Muir Inlet, June 9, 13 specimens. Nebria gregaria Fischer. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Nebria metallica Fischer. Muir Inlet, June 9, 6 specimens. [525] COLEOPTERA 173 Nebria kincaidi Schwarz sp. nov. Elongate, apterous, shining, black, elytra metallic cupreous-green, mouth-parts and tarsi piceous, two spots between the eyes red. Head large, smooth, frontal impressions obsolete; antennz long and slender, reaching beyond the middle of the elytra. Thorax small, wider than long (but much less so than in the allied species), sides moderately rounded in front, strongly sinuately narrowed toward the hind angles which are distinctly acute and slightly prominent posteriorly; lateral margin moderately wide and moderately reflexed; transverse and longitudinal impressions well-marked; along the side margin and within the basal impressions sparsely rugosely punctured. Elytra ob- long-oval, humeri entirely obsolete; sides regularly arcuate; at their widest portion distinctly wider than the thorax ; transversely and longi- tudinally more convex than in the allied species; surface rather deeply striate, strize faintly punctulate, interstices slightly convex, third stria with three dorsal punctures, seventh interstice interrupted by two or three larger punctures. Prosternal process feebly lanceolate, horizon- tal, with distinct marginal line which is interrupted at the tip. Met- episterna short, about one-fourth longer than their width in front. Ab- domen with the rows of ambulatorial sete double. Length 11 mm. Described from a single specimen collected at Farragut Bay, June 5, 1899. Type.—Cat. no. 5258, U. S. National Museum. On account of the obliteration of the elytral humeri this species be- longs to group I of LeConte’ and is allied to VV. zngens and NV. ovipen- nis, from either of which it is at once distinguished by its narrower and more convex form and the bright metallic color of the elytra. Leistus ferruginous Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Bembidium complanulum Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, five specimens; Muir Inlet, June 12, 6 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 5, 1 specimen. Bembidium incertum Mots. (¢etraglyptum Mannerheim). Popof Island, July 1, 1 specimen. Bembidium bimaculatum Kirby. Muir Inlet, June 12, 1 specimen. Bembidium mutatum Harold & Gemminger. Popof Island, July 1, 1 specimen. This is new to the fauna of Alaska. Specimens in the U. S. National Museum are from Mar- 1Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geogr. Surv., VoL. 11, no. 2, p. 474, 1878. 174 SCHWARZ [526] quette, Michigan; Veta Pass, Colorado; Banff, Alberta; New Hamp- shire (no definite locality), and Gros Ventre River, Wyoming. Bembidium spectabile Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Trechus chalybeus Mannerheim. Kadiak, July 20, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 2 specimens; Popof Island, July 8, 1 specimen. Patrobus septentrionis Dejean. Kadiak, July 20, 1 specimen. Patrobus aterrimus Dejean. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Pterostichus amethystinus Dejean. Sitka, June 16, 17 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen; Met- lakahtla, June 4, 4 specimens. Pterostichus validus Dejean. Sitka, June 16, 7 specimens. Pterostichus castaneus Dejean. Sitka, June 16, 11 specimens; Juneau, June (no date), 2 speci- mens; Farragut Bay, June 5, 3 specimens. Pterostichus luczotii Dejean. Muir Inlet, June 9, 21 specimens; Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 5, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 2 specimens; Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen; Popof Island, July 8, 1 specimen. Pterostichus orinomum Leach. Berg Bay, June 10, 1 specimen; Kadiak, July 19, 1 specimen; Point Gustavus, June 16, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Pterostichus riparius Dejean. Yakutat, June 21, 2 specimens. Pterostichus riparius Dejean var.? Muir Inlet, June 9, 1 specimen; possibly a distinct species. (Ely tral strie deeper; color of upper side black.) Amara (Lirus) eschscholtzii Chaudoir. Saldovia, July 21, 21 specimens. Amara hyperborea Dejean. Popof Island, July 8, 1 specimen. [527] COLEOPTERA £75 Amara erratica Sturm. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Amara remotestriata Dejean. Muir Inlet, June 9, 1 specimen. Calathus ingratus Dejean. Muir Inlet, June 9, 13 specimens; Popof Island, July 13, 1 speci- men; ‘* Alaska Peninsula opposite Shumagin Islands” (C. Palache, collector), 3 specimens. Platynus erasus LeConte. Farragut Bay, June 5, 1 specimen (broken). Bradycellus cognatus Gyllh. Saldovia, July 21, 7 specimens. Tachycellus nigrinus Dejean. Metlakahtla, June 4, 1 specimen. Family DYTISCIDZ. Deronectes griseostriatus DeGeer. Muir Inlet, June 9, 8 specimens. Hydroporus signatus Mannerheim. Muir Inlet, June 12, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 2 specimens; Popof Island, July 10, 1 specimen. Hydroporus tristis Paykull. Virgin Bay, June 26, 2 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 1, 2 specimens. Hydroporus axillaris Aubé. Popof Island, July 10, 2 specimens. Ilybius quadrimaculatus Aubé. Kukak Bay, July 9, 2 specimens. Agabus hypomelas Mannerheim. Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 8 specimens; Orca, June 25, 1 specimen. Agabus tristis Aubé. Yakutat, June 21, 3 specimens; Popof Island, July 15 and 16, 3 specimens. Two from the latter locality have the upper side entirely black save a small spot on the front angles of the thorax. 176 SCHWARZ [528] Agabus semipunctatus Kirby. Popof Island, July 16, 1 specimen. Agabus scapularis Mannerheim. Popof Island, July 5, 9, 10 and 16, 24 specimens. Agabus lecontei Crotch. Kukak Bay, July 1, 2 specimens; Popof Island, July 10, 2 specimens. Rhantus binotatus Harris. Fox Point, July 2, 1 specimen; Sitka, June 16,1 specimen. Both specimens are females, and the determination is therefore not quite re- liable. Rhantus bistriatus Bergst. Popof Island, July 13, 1 specimen. A single female but no doubt belonging to this species. Has not been reported before from Alaska. Dytiscus dauricus Gebler. Popof Island, July 11, a single female specimen with sulcate elytra. Family GYRINIDA. Gyrinus picipes Aubé. Yakutat, July 21, 5 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 1, 1 specimen. Family HYDROPHILIDZ. Helophorus auricollis Eschscholtz. Popof Island, July 12, 1 specimen. Hitherto reported only from Unalaska. Helophorus inquinatus Mannerheim. Kukak Bay, July 1, 5 specimens. Cercyon fimbriatus Mannerheim. Kukak Bay, July 5, 3 specimens (black form). Cercyon fulvipennis Mannerheim. Farragut Bay, June 5, 1 specimen. Cercyon lugubris Paykull. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. This has not been recorded before from Alaska but there is no doubt that Cybocephalus ? unicolor Mots., described from the same locality (Bull. Moscou, 1845, vol. Iv, p. 364) is to be referred to this cosmopolitan species. [529] COLEOPTERA 177 Megasternum posticatum Mannerheim. Farragut Bay, June 5, 1 specimen; Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Family SILPHIDA. Necrophorus pustulatus Herschel. Popof Island, July 15, 2 specimens. Necrophorus vespilloides Herbst. Kadiak, July 20, 1 specimen; Kukak Bay, July 1 and 5, 3 speci- mens. Agyrtes longulus LeConte. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; hitherto not recorded from Alaska. Known from northern California, Oregon and British Columbia (Mas- sett, Queen Charlotte Island). Choleva egena Horn. Popof Island, July 15, 2 specimens; Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Anisotoma curvata Mannerheim. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen; Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Agathidium concinnum Mannerheim. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Scydmzaus californicus Motschulsky. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Recorded from Sitka and Queen Charlotte Island. The type locality, ‘California,’ is probably in- correct. Family STAPHYLINIDA. Homalota picipennis Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens. Homalota sp. Yakutat, June 21, 2 specimens. Homalota graminicola Grav. ? Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Homalota sp. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Homalota sp. Popof Island, July 10, 1 specimen. Homalota fucicola Maeklin. Popof Island, July 15, 1 specimen. 178 SCHWARZ [530] Calodera sp. Popof Island, July 7, 1 specimen. Aleochara sulcicollis Mannerheim. Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Bolitochara notata Maeklin. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Amblopusa brevipes Casey. Kukak Bay, July 3, t specimen; Saldovia, July 21 and 28, 4 speci- mens. Diaulota densissima Casey (zzsolita Casey). Yakutat, June 21, 3 specimens. Liparocephalus brevipennis Maeklin. Yakutat, June 21, 2 specimens; Saldovia, July 21, 3 specimens; Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen. Liparocephalus cordicollis LeConte. Taku Inlet, June 6, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 3 specimens. Quedius capucinus Grav. var. pediculus Nord. Sitka, June 16, 4 specimens; Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Quedius capucinus Gray. var. marginalis Maeklin. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Quedius levigatus Gyllh. var. plagiatus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens. Creophilus maxillosus Linné. Kukak Bay, July 1 and 5, 2 specimens. Hadrotus crassus Mannerheim. Kukak Bay, July 1, 1 specimen. Philonthus siegwaldi Mannerheim. Kukak Bay, July, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Cafius canescens Mannerheim. Kukak Bay, July 5,8 specimens; Popof Island, July 8, ro speci- mens. Baptolinus macrocephalus Nordman. Yakutat, June 21, 11 specimens; Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 speci- men; Sitka, June 16, 3 specimens; Farragut Bay, June 5, 2 speci- mens. [531] COLEOPTERA 179 Stenus insularis Casey. Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen; Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Not before recorded from Alaska; originally described from Vancouver Island; occurs also in Oregon and at Lake Tahoe, California. Stenus umbratilis Casey. Metlakahtla, June 4, 2 specimens. Not previously recorded from Alaska; described from British Columbia. Tachinus nigricornis Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 1 3 specimen. Tachinus sp. Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen. This is a female in poor con- dition but seems to indicate an undescribed species. Mycetoporus lepidus Erichson. Popof Island, July 12, 1 specimen. The specimen is a mere frag- ment, but if correctly determined, the species is an addition to the fauna of Alaska. It occurson Lake Superior, in Michigan, in Florida, Colorado, northern California, British Columbia, and Alberta. Oxytelus fuscipennis Mannerheim. Popof Island, July 8, 9, 10 and 12, 8 specimens. Amphichroum testaceum Mannerheim. Lowe Inlet, June 3, 2 specimens; Metlakahtla, June 4, 1 speci- men; Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Lathrimzum subcostatum Maeklin. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Olophrum convexum Maeklin. Popof Island, July 13, 2 specimens. Omalium foraminosum Maeklin. Kukak Bay, July 5, 1 specimen. Anthobium pothos Mannerheim. Lowe Inlet, June 3, 1 specimen; Metlakahtla, June 4, 1 specimen; Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 4 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 5, 17 specimens. Orobanus simulator LeConte. Yakutat, 1 specimen. Not previously reported from Alaska; orig- inally described from Mount Washington, New Hampshire, and 180 SCHWARZ [532] known to occur in the high mountains of Colorado and Utah, and also in Oregon and British Columbia. . Micredus austinianus LeConte. Muir Inlet, June 12, 25 specimens. The specimens are identical with typical specimens from Mount Washington, New Hampshire. This is the Anthophagus laticollis, var. 6 mentioned by Maeklin, Family CRYPTOPHAGID., Atomaria vespertina Maeklin. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Family NITIDULIDZ. Epurea linearis Maeklin. Sitka, June 16, 18 specimens. Epurea truncatella Mannerheim. Sitka, June 15, 1 9 specimen. Epurea planulata Erichson. Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens. Epurea estiva Linné. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Kukak Bay, July 1, 2 specimens. Rhizophagus dimidiatus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 5 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Family DERODONTIDA. Peltastica tuberculata Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 3 specimens. Family DASCYLLIDZ. Cyphon variabilis Thunberg. Saldovia, July 21, 3 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 1, 1 specimen. Family ELATERIDZ. Cryptophypnus littoralis Eschscholtz. Kukak Bay, July 1 and 5, 3 specimens. Cryptophypnus hyperboreus Gyllenhal. Muir Inlet, June 12, 1 specimen. Cryptophypnus nocturnus Eschscholtz. Sitka, June 16, 2 specimens; Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. [533] COLEOPTERA 181 Hypnoidus musculus Eschscholtz. Lowe Inlet, June 3, 1 specimen; Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen; Popof Island, July 8 and 12, 2 specimens. Elater nigrinus Paykull. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Megapenthes stigmosus LeConte. Fox Point, July 29, 3 specimens. Athous ferruginosus Eschscholtz. Saldovia, July 21, 4 specimens; Popof Island, July 7, 9, 10 and 13, Ir specimens; Kukak Bay, July 1 and 5, 2 specimens. Corymbites resplendens Eschscholtz. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen; Kadiak, July 5 and 20, 3 specimens. Corymbites volitans Eschscholtz. Sitka, June 16, 11 specimens. Corymbites umbricola Eschscholtz. Yakutat, June 21, 3 specimens. Corymbites caricinus Germar. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 5 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 1 and 5, 8 specimens; Popof Island, July 7, 9 and 16, 6 specimens; Fox Point, July 27, 1 specimen. Corymbites caricinus Germar var. ? Kukak Bay, July 1 and 5, 7 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 1 speci- men. Corymbites tarsalis Melsheimer. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Corymbites lobatus Eschscholtz. Kukak Bay, July 1 and 5, 16 specimens. Corymbites spectabilis Mannerheim. Virgin Bay, June 26, 3 specimens; Kadiak, July 5, 1 specimen. Corymbites sericeus Eschscholtz. ? Port Clarence (B. E. Fernow), Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Sericosomus incongruus Lec. Sitka, June 16,1 specimen. Not previously reported from Alaska ; occurs in New Hampshire (White Mountains), near Lake Superior, in the State of Washington (Tenino), and in Alberta (Banff). 182 SCHWARZ [534] Family BUPRESTIDZ. Melanophila appendiculata Fabr. Fox Point, July 29, 1 specimen. Family LAMPYRIDA. Eros hamatus Mannerheim. Yakutat, June 21, 6 specimens. Eros letus Mots. Sitka, June 16. Not previously reported from Alaska; known to occur in Vancouver Island, Oregon, and northern California. Podabrus scaber LeConte. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Not previously recorded from Alaska; known to occur on Vancouver Island, in Oregon, British Co- lumbia (Glacier Station) and on the Wahsatch Mountains of Utah (Alta). Podabrus piniphilus Eschscholtz. Lowe Inlet, June 3, 3 specimens; Farragut Bay, June 5, 1 speci- men; Metlakahtla, June 6, 1 specimen; Sitka, June 16, 4 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 2 specimens. Podabrus sericatus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Silis pallida Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 3 specimens, Telephorus fraxini Say. / Popof Island, July 8 and 15, 5 specimens. Telephorus divisus LeConte. Farragut Bay, June 5, 2 specimens. Not previously known from Alaska; occurs in northern California, Oregon, Washington, Van- couver Island and Queen Charlotte Islands. Family SCARABAIDZ. Aphodius congregatus Mannerheim. Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen; Kadiak, July 5, 1 specimen (L. Cole, collector); Popof Island, July 16,2 specimens; Saldovia, July 21, I specimen. Family SPONDYLIDZ. Spondylis upiformis Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. [535] COLEOPTERA 183 Family CERAMBYCIDA. Leptalia macilenta Mannerheim. Popof Island, July 7,8, 9 and 10, 28 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 1 and 15, 30 specimens; Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen. Pachyta monticola Randall. Fox Point, July 29, 2 specimens. Pachyta liturata Kirby. Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Acmzops pratensis Laich. Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Family CHRYSOMELID2. Donacia femoralis Kirby. Metlakahtla, June 4, 1 specimen; Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Kadiak, July 19, 1 specimen; Popof Island, July 10, 12, 13, 15, 4 specimens. Syneta carinata Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 8 specimens. Chrysomela subsulcata Mannerheim. Popof Island, July 13, 1 specimen. Hitherto recorded only from the Pribilof Islands in Bering Sea. Family EDEMERIDZ. Ditylus quadricollis LeConte. Yakutat, June 21,1 specimen. Not previously known from Alaska; reported from middle California (Santa Cruz Mountains), Oregon (Astoria), Washington (Easton) and British Columbia (North Bend and Queen Charlotte Islands). Family MORDELLID. Anaspis sericea Mannerheim. Saldovia, July 21, 2 specimens. Anaspis rufa Say. Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Family ANTHICID. Anthicus nigrita Mannerheim. Saldovia, July 21, 2 specimens. 184 SCHWARZ [536] Family CURCULIONIDA. Sitones tibialis Herbst. Kukak Bay, July 5, 1 specimen. This circumpolar species has not before been reported from Alaska; but it is common on Vancouver Island, in Washington, Oregon, Utah, Colorado, Canada, Michigan; also recorded from Bering Island. Trichalophus constrictus LeConte. Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Paraplinthus carinatus Bohman. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen; Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen; Kadiak, July 19, 1 specimen; Saldovia, July 29, 1 specimen. Paraplinthus scrobiculatus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Virgin Bay, June 26, 1 specimen.” Dorytomus longulus LeConte. Popof Island, July 11, 12, 15, 5 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 5, 1 specimen; Saldovia, July 21, 2 specimens. Dorytomus mannerheimi Gemminger (vestztus Mannerheim). Yakutat, June 21, 6 specimens. Trachodes ptinoides Germar. Yakutat, June 21, 5 specimens; Kukak Bay, July 5, 5 specimens; Saldovia, July 21, 1 specimen. Trachodes quadrituberculatus Mots. Virgin Bay, June 26, 2 specimens; Yakutat, June 21, 1 specimen. Orchestes rufipes LeConte. Kukak Bay, July 5, 12 specimens. Not previously recorded from Alaska, but widely distributed in the northern States from Massachu- setts to the Pacific Coast. Family CALANDRIDA. Rhyncholus brunneus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 6 specimens. 1The distribution of this species is but imperfectly understood, but it does not seem to occur in British Columbia or farther south (cf. J. Faust: Notizen ueber Ruesselkefer, Stett. Ent. Ztg., voL. Lu, pp. 49, 50, 1892). — [537] COLEOPTERA 185 Family SCOLYTIDA. Hylurgops rugipennis Mannerheim. Farragut Bay, June 5, 1 specimen; Sitka, June 16, 3 specimens. Dendroctonus obesus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 3 specimens. This is probably specifically differ- ent from D. rujfipennis Kirby and confined to the northwestern region of North America. The precise distribution cannot be given at present. Pityophthorus nitidulus Mannerheim. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen. Dryocetus autographus Ratzeburg. Sitka, June 16, 1 specimen; Yakutat, June 21, 10 specimens. Xyloterus bivittatus Kirby. Sitka, June 16, 4 specimens. ii ee METAMORPHOSES OF SOME - ALASKA COLEOPTERA ee “Eanes v* * $2 : \ brs. ‘ . i oS ed >: iy a », 4 -~, = ~~ ay The following paper on the Metamorphoses of some Alaska Coleoptera, by Trevor Kincaid, Professor of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, was originally published in the Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, vol. 1, pp. 367-388, Nov. 24, 1900. It is here reprinted from the same electrotype plates, so that it may be quoted exactly as if were the original. The original pagination has been preserved and transferred to the inner or hinge side of the page, where it is enclosed in brackets, thus [368] ; while the consecutive pagination of the present volume has been added in the usual place. In the plates the original numbers and running head- line, slightly abbreviated, have been preserved [in brackets], while the volume designation and serial plate numbers have been added in the usual place. The original text references to the plates are unchanged. The present headpiece and title have been substituted for the run- ning heading of the Academy’s Proceedings and the original title, which was: Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. vil. Entomological Results (2): The Metamorphoses of some Alaska Coleoptera. No other alterations have been made. EpiTor. (188) THE METAMORPHOSES OF SOME ALASKA COLEOPTERA BY TREVOR KINCAID Tue study of the adult forms of the Coleoptera presents such a vast field and is of such a fascinating character that but scant attention has been paid to the early stages of the members of this order. This is especially true in America, where very little has been published on this subject, and as a result we know but little concerning the structure or peculiar habits of the larve of our indigenous beetles. In the U. S. National Mu- seum is a large collection of coleopterous larve, accumulated mainly through the efforts of Mr. E. A. Schwarz, of that insti- tution, but the majority of the species have never been described. An opinion is prevalent that it is extremely difficult to rear the larve of beetles, but the writer believes this supposition to be exaggerated. It is certainly difficult to rear them from the egg or very young stages, but if specimens be taken when nearly full grown and carefully tended they may be bred with- out excessive mortality. [367] ; (189) 190 KINCAID [368] Under the circumstances, the writer feels that the following paper will not be unwelcome, although it may be imperfect in some respects, owing to the fact that no comparison has been possible, in the majority of cases, with closely related forms. The species dealt with in this paper are as follows: Carabus truncaticollis Fisch. Dytiscus dauricus Gebler. Agabus tristis Aubé. Byrrhus fasciatus Fabr. HHypnoides musculus Esch. Cryptohypnus littoralis Esch. Leptalia macilenta Mann. Chrysomela subsulcata Mann. Lepidophorus lineaticollis Kirby. CARABUS TRUNCATICOLLIS Fisch. [Plate XXII.] Larva entirely jet black except the areas between the schlerites on the ventral surface, surface shining, delicately reticulate, five times as long as broad, subcylindrical, tapering slightly at either end, strongly convex above, flattened below. Length 20 mm. Head broader than long, as wide as the anterior margin of prono- tum; frontal sulci strong and broad, surrounding the epistoma; me- dian area of epistoma broad, convex, a little depressed in the center, lateral areas bent obliquely upward; frontal angles well defined, sub- rectangular, broader by one-third than the clypeus but not exceeding the latter, projecting obliquely upwards, apex rounded, outer margin below apex sinuate, anterior margin arcuate; incisure between angles and clypeus broad and rounded. Clypeus subtriangular in form, transversely ridged on posterior margin, deeply foveate in the center, the fovea bounded on each side by a strong oblique ridge; anterior margin strongly produced, horizontal, quadridentate, the teeth stout, sharp, directed forward, the middle pair the larger and projecting considerably beyond the lateral teeth but not exceeding the frontal angles of the head. Antennz as long as the mandibles, four-jointed, basal joint subglobular; second more elongate, slightly enlarged towards tip; third as long as second, more slender, with a few hairs at apex; fourth one-half as long as third, slender, oval. Ocelli six, arranged on the perimeter of a well-defined, transversely-oval tubercle, situated just posterior to the antenne. Mandibles stout, [369] | METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA Ig1 deeply bidentate, outer margin evenly arcuate; outer tooth long taper- ing, rather sharp at apex; inner tooth shorter, more robust, anterior margin arcuate, curving inwards at right angles. Maxille stout, ex- ceeding the mandibles in length; cardo narrow, wedge-shaped; stipes subquadrangular, the angles rounded, one and one-half times as long as broad, the inner margin ciliate and with a minute conical papilla near the upper angle; galea not quite reaching to apex of second joint of maxillary palpi, composed of two subequal joints, the basal joint a little the larger; maxillary palpi four-jointed, first joint broader than long, second and third subequal, fourth slightly longer than third. Mentum projecting, almost reaching the apices of the maxillary stipes, one and three-fourths times as broad towards apex as at base, apex conical; labial palpi stout, composed of two subequal joints, the sec- ond a little the longer and not divided at the apex. Pronotum trapezoidal, narrower in front by one-sixth than at base, nearly as broad at base as long, sides straight with a longitudinal groove close to the lateral margins; anterior and posterior angles nar- rowly rounded, mesonotum transverse, about one-half as long as pronotum but a little broader and with a small deep fovea on the disk of the scute towards each side. Metanotum similar to the mesonotum but a little broader. Legs of moderate size, strongly spinose. Dorsal scutes of first eight abdominal segments transverse, subequal in length, sides distinctly margined, posterior angles acutely rounded; pleural scutes two on each side of a segment, elongate, parallel; ventral scutes four to each segment, anterior one broadly fusiform, transverse, posterior quadrangular, broader than long, lateral scutes subquadrangular, one on each side of the posterior; ninth abdominal segment much narrower than eighth, rounded at the sides, finely tuber- culate, emarginate behind ; cerci stout, finely tuberculate, three-fourths as long as eighth segment, diverging slightly, curving gently upwards and bearing dorsally near the middle a pair of small conical pro- jections of which the innermost is the larger. Pupa white, except eyes and jaws, which are black; sete and hairs entirely absent; form elongately ovate, broadest in the middle. Length 14 mm. Described from larve and pupz found beneath beds of moss on St. Paul Island, Alaska, during the month ot August. The metamorphoses of none of the American representatives of this genus have been described, so that no comparison is possible with the related American species. The most marked specific characters are in the peculiar structure of the clypeus and the undivided character of 192 KINCAID [370] the apical joint of the labial palpi. In most of the European species the labial palpi of the larva are cleft at the apex. DYTISCUS DAURICUS Gebler. [Plate XXIII, figs. 1 and 2.] Larva slender, subcylindrical, strongly convex above, flattened be- neath, elongately fusiform; yellowish white, the head and schlerites mottled with pale brown. Length 50 mm. Head rounded, a fifth longer than broad, flattened in front, convex behind; clypeus broad arcuate, anterior margin with a row of delicate lamellate sete; frontal sulci shallow, converging behind; hypostoma deeply excavated; temples rounded, unarmed; collar half as wide as head, separated from the latter by a well-marked groove, truncately emarginate above, deeply angularly emarginate beneath; ventral fur- row of neck broadening anteriorly, basally with a strong median ca- rina, at the extremity of which there is on each side a small rounded eminence. Antenne three-fourths as long as the head, slender seta- ceous, composed of three principal and three small accessory joints; first principal joint twice as long as third; second intermediate in length between first and third; accessory joints successively smaller, the first situated at the base of the antennz, second between the first and second principals, third between the second and third principals. Ocelli six, arranged on the perimeter of a transversely oval convex eminence situated on the sides of the head close behind the antenne ; above each group of ocelli there is a small, but very prominent, shin- ing papilla. Mandibles three-fourths as long as the head, slender, tapering, slightly curved, apex acute. Maxille longer than the an- tennz; stipes slender, palpiform cylindrical; lacinia minute, papilli- form; maxillary palpi more than twice as long as stipes, composed of three principal and three accessory joints; the principal joints succes- sively shorter, the accessory joints successively smaller, the first situ- ated between the stipes and first principal joint, the second between the first and second principals, and the third between the second and third principals. Mentum broad, bilobed, emarginate in front; ligula absent; labial palpi half as long as maxillary palpi, three-jointed, the first joint elongate, slender, the second and third short, subequal. Pronotum longer than broad, nearly twice as wide at base as at apex, transversely grooved on each side towards anterior margin; sides sharply margined, bent downwards and inwards touching the coxe of the anterior legs; mesonotum and metanotum half as long [371] | METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA 193 as pronotum, transverse, not deflexed; prosternum with a large rounded schlerite between the bases of the anterior legs. Feet slender, elongate, sparsely armed beyond the coxe with small short spines; cox nearly as long as femora; tibia two-thirds as long as the femora; femora and tibie densely ciliate above and below; tarsi half the length of the tibia; claws short, unarmed. Abdomen tapering gradually from first segment to apex; ninth seg- ment three times as long as broad, truncate at apex, bearing distally a pair of lamellate cerci which are densely ciliate; eighth and ninth segments laterally with a row of long cilia. Described from larve taken at Yakutat and Kukak Bay. The transformation of this species takes place in the earth beneath stones lying along the shores of the ponds inhabited by the larve and adults. The larve resemble very closely those of the allied species Dytiscus marginales L.. and differ only in a few small details; the body is more convex than in the latter species, the posterior margin of neck is emar- ginate above and the furrow on the ventral surface of the neck is strongly carinate. AGABUS TRISTIS Aubé. [Plate XXIII, figs. 3-6.] Larva elongately ovate, acuminate behind, convex above, flattened beneath, dorsal surface light brown mottled with yellowish, ventral surface white. Length 12 mm. Head rounded, convex above, flattened beneath, delicately reticulate, posterior angles broadly rounded; neck short, the sinus between the latter and head deep; frontal angles strongly produced, obtusely rounded at apex; clypeus transverse, rounded in front, bordered an- teriorly with a row of delicate lamellate sete; frontal sulci faintly marked, surrounding the epistoma, which is slightly convex, circular and depressed in the middle; sides of temples acutely carinate, the margin serrate and spinulose. Mandibles slender, tapering, evenly curved on both external and internal margins, apex rather sharp, suc- torial orifice close to tip on inner surface. Antenne not half as long as head, slender, setaceous, four-jointed, the joints successively shorter. Ocelli six, arranged on an oval prominence situated on the side of the head just behind the antenne; the two anterior ocelli are round, the remaining four more or less elongate. Maxille elon- gate, slender; stipes twice as long as broad, external margin sinuate; galea consisting of a small, slender, finger-shaped joint not much longer than the basal joint of the palpus; maxillary palpus reaching 194 KINCAID [372] almost to apex of antennz, four-jointed, basal joint squarish in out- line, the remaining joints successively shorter. Mentum exserted, corneous, transverse, trapezoidal, three times as broad as long, an- terior border straight and wider than at base; labial palpi as long as the second and third joints of the maxillary palpi combined, slender, two-jointed, the first joint longer than the second; ligula absent. Pronotum a little longer than wide, broadly ovate, narrowed some- what in front, angles rounded, convex above, finely reticulate, sides distinctly margined. Mesonotum and metanotum transversely oval, three times as wide as long, sides broadly rounded; sterna not chitinized, folded. Legs slender, elongate, with numerous short spines; coxe stout, elongate, unarmed, femoral groove distinct, carinated; femora as long as cox, more slender, compressed, sparsely setose; tibie two- thirds as long as the femora, sparsely setose; tarsi nearly as long as tibia, claws long and slender. Abdominal segments gradually diminishing in size from the first to the sixth; dorsal scutes transversely oval, angles rounded; segments seven and eight are entirely corneous; eighth segment slender, elongate, conical, bearing at apex two cerci that are about as long as the last two segments of the abdomen; the cerci are more or less ciliated apically and at the nodes; segments six to eight are finely tuberculate above; spiracles in abdominal segments one to six are situated at the lateral margins of the schlerites and are visible from above. Pupa pure white; front of face flattened, concave between the eyes; occiput transversely ridged, with a row of bristles extending from one eye to the other. Length 8 mm. Described from larve and pup found under a stone on the margin of a small pond near the Muir Glacier. No description appears to have been published of the metamorphoses of any of the American species of Agabus. BYRRHUS FASCIATUS Fabricius. [Plate XXIV.] Larva pale brown, lighter between the schlerites; form elongate, cylindrical; outline in side view a flattened curve. Length 18 mm. Head rounded, shining, globose, almost as broad as the pronotum, heavily punctured and with scattered hairs on the front and vertex. _ Clypeus broadly transverse, trapezoidal, frontal margin truncate [373] METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA: 195 Labrum semicircular in form, with a row of bristles along the anterior margin. Antenne short, not exceeding the labrum, three-jointed ; first joint cylindrical, not quite twice as long as broad; second more slender and a little longer; third one-fourth as long as the second, more slender, conical. Ocelli five, in two series; first series a group of three, arranged in a triangle behind the antennz; second series a group of two, cephalo-ventrad of the first, the uppermost ocellus hardly one-half as large as its companion; jaws stout, subtriangular, apex bluntly rounded; inner margin with a blunt, faintly indicated tooth near the middle; articular condyle at the extreme outer angle. Maxille not exceeding the jaws; cardo triangular, imperfectly chiti- nized; stipes twice as long as broad, with a few scattered hairs, pro- duced apically into a triangular lacinial process which is nearly straight outwardly and oblique on the internal margin, the latter being densely set with sete and hairs; galea springing from the base of the laciniar process and not greatly exceeding that structure, finger-shaped, curving inwardly, two-jointed, the basal joint obscurely indicated and quadrangular in form, second joint ovate, bluntly rounded at apex, which is crowned with a group of stout sete. Mentum truncate in front, broadening behind, anterior margin bearing four long hairs; labial palpi short, slightly exceeding mentum, composed of two joints, the basal joint large and fleshy, the apical joint small, conical ; ligula wanting. Pronotum extremely convex, nearly as long as the mesonotum and metanotum combined, densely and coarsely punctured, except a narrow band on the posterior margin which is shining and longitudinally striate, clothed with. scattering, elongated hairs; lateral margins strongly incurved, tapering to a rounded tip which reaches the coxz of the anterior legs. Mesonotum short, transverse, obliquely truncate at the lateral margins, which barely reach the coxe of the middle legs; transversely ridged; punctured, but not so strongly as in the pro- notum; two transverse rows of hairs, blending in the middle, extend- ing across the scute from side to side. Metanotum resembling the mesonotum but with two transverse ridges instead of one, and with a series of long hairs on each ridge, the series joining towards the sides of the scute; lateral margins broadly rounded, distant from the pos- terior coxe; venter with a small oval schlerite between the bases of the posterior legs. Legs short, densely setate and hairy; coxe large, cylindrical ex- cavated externally; femora and tibiz subequal, not as long as coxa; tarsal claws simple. 196 KINCAID [374] Abdominal segments from fifth to seventh cylindrical, subequal ; dorsal scutes transversely oval, lateral margins rounded, traversed by two delicate transverse ridges each of which bears a series of long hairs, the two series uniting towards the outer margin; pleural schlerites two on each side, convex, prominent, oval, oblique; ventral schlerites five on each segment, convex, corneous, the anterior large, cordate, the posterior pair triangular, the lateral pair elongately ovate; eighth segment resembles seventh but is longer, the ridges are absent and the rows of hairs are not so clearly defined, the lateral scutes are reduced to one and the ventral scutes are small and indistinct. The ninth abdominal segment is nearly as large as the pronotum but smooth and shining, semicircular in outline, the posterior margin projecting over and hiding from view the anal structures, a row of hairs along the outer border; anal organ circular, convex, triangularly fissured, thus forming three papilla, the posterior pair of papille bearing disc- shaped depressions serving in locomotion. Described from larve found beneath moss on St. Paul Island, Alaska, in the month of August. The larve construct small cham- bers in the soil in which they lie, and from the fact that the imagoes were emerging at the time they came under observation, the adults probably winter over in the burrows. The mandibles of the young larva differ considerably from those of the adult, and a figure of the former is given for comparison. What purports to be a description of the larva of Byrrhus fascia- tus Fabr., is given by Xambeu,' but as there appear to be some structural differences between the larva described by the above writer from France and those taken in Alaska, it was deemed advisable to describe and figure the latter carefully in order to furnish a basis for comparison between the American and European forms. As no figures are given by Xambeu, it is difficult to make a detailed compari- son at present. HYPNOIDES MUSCULUS Esch. [Plate XXV, figs. 3-7.] Larva white except head, pronotum, and terminal abdominal seg- ment, which are yellow; form elongate, slender, cylindrical, tapering but slightly at either end. Length 7 mm. Head squarish in outline, narrower than the pronotum, flattened above and beneath, smooth with a few scattered hairs. Clypeus 1Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon., xin, p. 60, 1896. [375] | METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA 197 rounded in front, the anterior margin bearing three teeth of equal length and size. Antenne three-fourths as long as the jaws; three- jointed; first and second joint of nearly equal size, the third shorter and more slender with a small accessory article by its side. Ocellion the side of head close behind antenne. Mandibles of moderate size, tapering, curving inward sharply from about the middle, apex acute, inner margin with a moderately sized tooth close to the tip, the pos- terior margin of this latter tooth with a row of five or six fine denta- tions. Maxille elongate, extending beyond the tips of the mandibles; stipes very large, inner margin straight, outer margin arcuate, two and one-half times as long as broad, anterior portion of inner margin densely hairy; galea finger-shaped, uniarticulate, reaching to apex of second joint of maxillary palpi; maxillary palpi of moderate length, composed of four successively smaller joints. Mentum six times as long as broad, rounded at the anterior margin which bears in the middle a single stout seta; labial palpi rather long, three-jointed, the joints successively smaller. Pronotum squarish in outline, the chitinized schlerite twice as broad as long; mesothorax and metathorax shorter than the prothorax, the dorsal schlerites delicately chitinized. Legs short, with numerous short sete. Abdominal segments from the first to eighth without distinctly chitinized schlerites, their lateral margins bearing a few elongate hairs; ninth abdominal segment slightly longer than broad, anterior angles rounded, tapering posteriorly, terminal processes simple; sides of the schlerite with a distinctly raised, smooth rim inclosing the somewhat depressed discal area within which is a smooth and shining posterior emargination transversely oval almost inclosed by the incurved apices of the terminal processes; sides with a few long, slender hairs. Pupa white; pronotal area greatly inflated, arcuate at the sides; wing-pads reaching to apex of first abdominal segment; anal segment bearing at its posterior extremity two sharp styliform processes. Length 5 mm. Described from larve and pup found beneath stones along the seashore. Popof Island, Alaska, July 10, 1899. CRYPTOHYPNUS LITTORALIS Esch. [Plate XXV, figs. 1 and 2.] Larva reddish above, yellow beneath; entirely corneous, eight times 2s long as broad, convex above and below, tapering slightly at either end. Length 15 mm. Head slightly narrower than the anterior margin of pronotum, 198 KINCAID [376] broader at base than long. Clypeus tridentate, the teeth sharp and equal. Mandibles bidentate, the inferior tooth considerably shorter than apical, both teeth sharp at apex. Antennz three-jointed, the joints successively shorter. Maxille reaching to tip of mandibles; stipes three times as long as broad; maxillary palpi one-fourth the length of stipes, three-jointed, the joints gradually diminishing in size. Mentum four times as long as broad, half as broad as stipes, not nar- rowed behind, anterior margin rounded; labial palpi small, two-jointed, conical. Pronotum smooth, shining, longer than broad, slightly narrowed in front, anterior margin straight, sides curved downward, but not mar- gined. Mesonotum and metanotum transverse, twice as broad as long. Legs short, thickly setate. Abdominal segments from first to eighth broader than long, sub- equal; dorsal scutes punctured and with numerous short transverse striz, sides not margined; impressed median line strongly developed. Ninth abdominal segment longer than broad at base, tapering slightly, anterior angles strongly punctured; posterior emargination broad, transversely oval; lateral margins with a strongly raised ridge bearing externally three equidistant rounded tubercles, the proximal one the smallest, the second and third successively larger; central area flat- tened, not deeply depressed, impunctate, with light irregular ridges passing from the sides towards the center, a shallow median groove ex- tending from the posterior margin to the middle; cerci strong, bifur- cated, the terminal projection sharp, slender, curving strongly inward, the lateral projection shorter, stouter, at right angles to the terminal process. Described from larve found beneath driftwood along the seashore at Kukak Bay, Alaska, July 2, 1899. No American representative of this genus has hitherto been reared. The larve described above resemble closely those of Crypiohypnus riparius, described by Schiédte from Europe. LEPTALIA MACILENTA Mann. [Plate XXV, figs. 8-12.] Larva white, except head and pronotum, which are of a yellowish tinge; extreme anterior margin of the front and mandibles brown; form elongate, cylindrical, broadest at the pronotum, gradually nar- rowing to the third abdominal segment, fourth to sixth segments of about equal diameter, seventh and eighth slightly swollen and longer, ninth short, broadly rounded posteriorly. Length 15 mm. [377] | METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA 199 Head rounded, broader than long, anterior margin broadly truncate, posterior angles rounded, dorsal surface flattened, shining, frontal mar- gin but slightly thickened or coriaceous, frontal angles reduced to small tubercles. Ocelli five, in two series; first series consisting of three ocelli arranged close together in a transverse line on the lateral margin of the head behind the antennz; second series of two ocelli, situated a short distance behind the first set. Clypeus transverse, trapezoidal, four times as broad as long. Labrum semicircular, twice as broad as long with a dense fringe of fine hairs on the anterior margin. Man dibles triangular in outline, apex acute with a prominent rectangular tooth near tip on inner margin; articular condyle close to the extreme outer angle of the base. Antenne minute, not exceeding the clypeus, three-jointed; first joint cylindrical, twice as long as broad; second one-third the length of first, slightly narrower, third joint minute, conical, with a stout seta at apex. Maxilla reaching nearly to the apex of mandible; cardo as large as stipes, irregularly triangular in outline; stipes produced apically to form a lobate galear process, which is thickly setate on its inner margin; maxillary palpi three-jointed, basal joint stout, the following joints successively shorter and more slender. Mentum broadly rounded at the tip, which is finely pubes- cent, outer margin bearing three sete near the center; palpi widely separated at base, three-jointed, first and second joints equal in length, third small, conical. Pronotum transverse, two and one-third times as broad as long, angles broadly rounded, dorsal surface flattened. Mesonotum and metanotum transverse, short, diminishing in width. Legs a little longer than the maxille; coxe short, stout; femora and tibie cylin- drical, subequal in length, the tibia more slender; claw simple. Ab- dominal segments, except eighth and ninth, bearing both dorsally and ventrally a pair of locomotor callosities. Described from larve found in the stumps of decaying alder bushes on Popof Island, Alaska, July 10, 1899. This is the only known American representative of this genus. CHRYSOMELA SUBSULCATA Mann. [Plate XXVI, figs. 1-7.] Larva pink, shading into red on the dorsal surface, pronotum brown, head and legs black; dorsal surface delicately granulate and with numerous minute tubercles each surrounded by a small spot of brown; form stout, almost semicircular in outline when reviewed from the 200 KINCAID [378] side, strongly convex above, flattened beneath, abdomen broadest to- wards the posterior end. Length 7 mm. Head broader than long, subglobose, delicately granulose; median impressed line well developed, front with a deep fovea on each side. Clypeus transverse, short, slightly emarginate in front, rounded at the sides. Labrum twice as broad as long, the frontal margin bilobate and deeply incised in the center. Mandibles stout, flattened, broad at base, narrowing towards apex, which is crowned by a series of fine sharp subequal teeth, the tips of the teeth in a regularcurve. Antenne ex- tremely small and short, apparently three-jointed, the basal joint but- ton-shaped, the second much smaller and of similar form, the third minute, conical. Ocelli six, arranged intwo series; a group of four, arranged in the form of a square, just behind the antenne; a second group of two ocelli, immediately below that organ. Maxille as long as the mandibles; cardo small, fusiform; stipes stout, quad- rangular; galea elongately oval, thickly setate on inner margin to- wards apex; maxillary palpi not greatly exceeding galea, four-jointed, first joint large and stout, button-shaped, second of the same breadth as first but only one-third as long, third a little longer than first, but not so broad, tapering slightly, fourth joint as long as first, conical. Mentum oval, embracing the ligula, which is conical and which bears a pair of short palpi; the latter are two-jointed, the first joint very broad and short, the second longer and conical. Pronotum longer than the mesothorax but not so broad, delicately granulate; mesothorax and metathorax similar in appearance to the succeeding abdominal segments. Legs short and stout with a few scattered setz. Dorsal scutes of the abdomen each divided by a transverse furrow into an anterior and posterior convex area; each area bears across its middle an irregular row of small tubercles which are surrounded by brown dots and bear at their tips very minute setz. Pupa short, compact, dorsal surface moderately convex; pronotum set with numerous fine bristles; dorsal abdominal segments with a row of bristles along their posterior margin; terminal segment bearing a stout spine at apex. Length 7 mm. Described from larve and pupe found beneath moss on St. Paul Island, Alaska, in the month of August. The larve feed upon the dwarf willows, but remain hidden during the daytime. [379] | METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA 201 LEPIDOPHORUS LINEATICOLLIS Kirby. [Plate XXVI, figs. 8-12.] Larva white except head, which is yellow; apodous; body cylindri- cal, fusiform, arcuate; dorsal surface traversed by numerous transverse grooves and rounded ridges, giving the dorsulum a wrinkled appear- ance; pleure with a row of rounded elevations; ventral surface some- what flattened, ridged and grooved similarly to the dorsulum. Length 8 mm.; thickness 2.5 mm. Head light yellow, shining, about one-half as broad as the pro- notum, broadly truncate in front, rounded behind, convex above, flattened beneath. Clypeus separated from the epistoma by a strong suture, twice as broad as long, rounded at the sides. Labrum semi- circular in outline, densely ciliate on the anterior margin. Antenne rudimentary, reduced to a rounded papilla above the bases of the mandibles. Mandibles stout, tapering gradually to the apex which terminates in two obtuse dentations. Maxille elongate; cardo dis- tinctly developed, one-third the length of stipes; stipes four times as long as wide, arcuate externally, with a few sete along the margin, emarginate within apex produced to form a rather indefinite galear process, which is thickly set with sete on its inner margin; maxillary palpus slightly exceeding the galear process, two-jointed, basal joint stout, orbicular, second smaller, conical. Mentum not distinctly separated from the hypostome, oval, rounded in front; palpi short, two-jointed, outer joint as long as basal one but not so thick. Pronotum oval, transverse, convex, with a few scattered hairs; mesothorax and metathorax, short, similar in appearance to the suc- ceeding abdominal segments; abdominal segments nine, the last one conical; spiracles located on the latero-dorsal aspect of the body, minute, yellow. Pupa white, closely resembling adult beetle. Length 7 mm. Described from numerous larve and pupz found buried in the soil beneath the roots of grass, St. Paul Island, Alaska. This is the only known American representative of this genus. PLATE XIII. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, Pl. XXII] Carabus truncaticollis Fisch. Fic. 1. Dorsal view of adult larva (<3). 2. Anterior margin of the head (X35). 3. Mandible (35). 4 Antenne (X35). : 5. Maxillz and labrum (35). 6. Side view of the ninth abdominal segment. . [380] (202) H. A. E. VOL. Vill, PLATE XIII ; METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA A WORN CO. MALTIMOH PLATE XIV. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, Pl. XXIII.jJ Dytiscus dauricus Gebler. Fic. 1. Dorsal view of larva (<#). 2. Under surface of the head (6.5). Agabus tristis Aubé Fic. 3. Dorsal view of larva (7.75). 3 4. Maxillz and labrum (35). 5- Mandible (X35). 6. Ventral view of pupa (7.75). [382] } \ H. A. E. VOL. Vill, PLATE XIV METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA An ACO MAKrOROI ~ PLATE XV. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, Pl. XXIV.] Byrrhus fasciatus Fabr. Fic. 1. Lateral view of ay (X4-3)- 2. Dorsal view of h 3. Antenne and ocelli rae 4. Mandible of adult larva (35). ¥ 5. Mandible of young larva (35). = 6. Maxille and labrum (35). “ 7. Leg (X35)- 8. Ventral schlerites of an abdominal segment. [384] } ae 5 “ es i - [PR. WASH. A. S., Hl, PL. XXIV] H. A. E. VOL. Vill, PLATE XV METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA AMGEN & OO. BALTIMORE td 3 os) oll — Tt te EP Saat Re » = "% i ree, wae ee Ce PLATE XVI. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, Pl. XXV.] Cryptohypnus littoralis Esch. Fic. 1. Dorsal view of full-grown larva. 2. Upper surface of ninth abdominal segment. HHypnotdes musculus Esch. Fic. 3. Dorsal view of full-grown larva (<5). 4. Dorsal view of pupa (X8). 5. Anterior region of the head, from above. 6. Maxille and labrum (75). 7. Ninth abdominal segment from above. Leptalia macilenta Mann. Fic. 8. Dorsal view of larva. g. Antenne (75). 10. Mandible (35). 11. Maxille and labrum (X35). 12. Leg (75)+ [386] : y {208) (PR. WASH. A. S., II, PL. XXV] H. A. E. VOL. Vill, PLATE XVI » GIT orcs PLATE XVII. [Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, Pl. XXVI.] Chrysomela subsulcata Mann. Fic. 1. Lateral view of full-grown larva (6.5). 2. Ventral view of pupa (6.5). 3- Clypeus and labrum (X35). 4- Antenne and ocelli (35). 5. Mandible (35). 6. Maxille and labrum (X35). 7. Leg (X35). E Lepidophorus lineaticollis Kirby. Fic. 8. Lateral view of larva (8.5). 9. Ventral view of pupa (<8). 10. Dorsal aspect of head. 11. Mandible and antenne (35). 12. Maxille and labrum (35). [388] H, Av E. VOL. Vill, PLATE XVII [PR. WASH. A. S., lI, PL. XXVI] METAMORPHOSES OF ALASKA COLEOPTERA ANON SCO UALTHAORK Po Bia f) ae hae y aie wh n | LEPIDOPTERA OF THE EX- 5 PEDITION | a at \ 2 * - . S ‘ f 4 “, 1g a % Fa } > * x . i ; Quy. aed jet The following paper on the Lepidoptera of the Expedition, by Har- rison G. Dyar, Custodian, Section of Lepidoptera, U. S, National Museum, was originally published in the Proceedings of the Wash- ington Academy of Sciences, vol. m, pp. 487-501, Dec. 20, 1900. It is here reprinted from the same electrotype plates, so that it may be quoted exactly as if it were the original. The original pagina- tion has been preserved and transferred to the inner or hinge side of the page, where it is enclosed in brackets, thus [488]; while the con- secutive pagination of the present volume has been added in the usual place. The present headpiece and title have been substituted for the running heading of the Academy’s Proceedings and the original title, which was: Pagers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. Xt. Entomological Results (6): Lepidoptera. No other alterations have been made. Page 218 [492]: Eighth line from top, for ‘Caradrina punctivena Smith’ read Caradrina rufostriga Packard. Insert the following line of synonymy between eighth and ninth lines from top: Lucania rufostriga Packard, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 11, 36, 1866. Page 221 [495]: Strike out thirteenth and fourteenth lines from bottom, and substitute the following: Wot hitherto recorded from North America. Twelfth line from bottom, for ‘ Mesoleuca lacustrata Guen.’ substitute Gypso- chroa designata Rott. Strike out eleventh line from bottom and substitute: Gyfsockroa designata Rott., Naturf., xi, 85, 1777- Strike out eighth and ninth lines from bottom and substitute the following: Named for me by the late Dr. Geo. D. Hulst as Mesoleuca lacustrata Guen., evidently by some inadvertence. Seventh line from bottom for ‘montanata Borkh’ read munitata Hiibner. Strike out sixth line from bottom and substitute the following: Petrophora munitata Hiibner, Schmett. Eur. 346, 1803. . Second line from bottom, omit clause ‘‘I would determine the species as munitata, not montanata.”’ Page 222 [496]: Fifth line from top, omit ‘also.’ Eleventh line from top, for ‘munitata Htibn.’ read Jomeriaria Eversm. Strike out twelfth line from top and substitute the following: Petrophora pomeriaria Eversm., Faun. Volg.-Ural., 417, 1844. Strike out fourteenth and fifteenth lines from top and substitute the following : The specimens nearly correspond with European examples ; the differences may be due to their condition. Page 223 [497], omit ninth and tenth lines from top. Page 227 [501]: Third line from bottom, for ‘ occidentella Dyar’ read coloradella Kearfott. Strike out second line from bottom and substitute the following: Choreutis coloradella Kearfott, Jour. N. V. Ent. Soc., 10, 123, 1902. Add to last line: The specimen is one of Mr. Kearfoti’s types. Epiror, (212) i ee LEPIDOPTERA OF THE EXPEDITION BY HARRISON G. DYAR Tue following species of Lepidoptera were collected by Professor Trevor Kincaid and other members of the Harriman Expedition, which visited various points on the coast and out- lying islands of Alaska in the summer of 1899. In this con- nection the reader is referred to papers by Dr. Holland in the ‘Entomological News,’ Vol. XI, which treat of the Lepidoptera of the inland region. Family PARNASSIIDA. Parnassius smintheus Doubld. & Hew. Farnassius smintheus, Dous.p. & Hew, Gen. Diurn. Lep., pl. 4, 1847. Six specimens: Kadiak, July 4, 5; Kukak Bay, July 5. Family PAPILIONIDA. Papilio machaon Linn. var. aliaska Scudd. Papilio machaon Lun. var. aliaska ScupD., Pr. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 12, 45, 1869. One female: Fox Point. Family NYMPHALIDA. Brenthis myrina Cram. Brenthis myrina Cram., Pap, Exot. 2, 189, B. C., 1779. [487] I (213) 214 DYAR [488] Thirty-two examples of both sexes: Kukak Bay, July 5; Kadiak, July 20 (the latter somewhat worn). Brenthis frigga Thunb. var. saga Staud. Brenthis frigga THUNB., var. saga STAUD., Stett. Ent. Zeit., 350, 1861. Five examples: Popof Island, July 12-15. Brenthis pales Schiff. var. alaskensis Holl. Brenthis pales Scuir¥F. var. alaskensis HOLL, Ent. News, 11, 383, 1900. One example: Mainland near Shumagin Islands (Mr. Palache). Vanessa milberti Godt. Vanessa milberti GoDT., Enc. Meth., 9, 307, 1819. Two examples: Fox Point. Family AGAPETIDZ. Cenonympha kodiak Edw. Cenonympha kodiak Epw., Trans. Am. Ent, Soc., 2, 375, 1869. Seventeen examples: Kukak Bay, July 5; Kakiak, July 20. The specimens vary considerably in color, some dark-gray, some partly ochraceous, and others with marked orange shading over disk of fore wings (var. yakonensis Holl.), scarcely distinguishable from znornata Edw. from Vancouver Island. The species is at best a local form of C. typhon Rott. of Europe. neis semidea Say var. nigra Edw. Gneis semidea Say var. nigra Epw., Butt., 3, pl. 9, Chion., 1894. One female: Kadiak, July 4. This form, without a distinct band on hind wings (var. zigra Edw.), seems to be the prevailing one in Alaska. The U.S. Na- tional Museum has a male example from Davis Inlet (Turner). Family PIERIDZ. Eurymus paleno Linn. Eurymus paleno Linn., Syst. Nat., 2, 764, 1767. Four examples, one a male: Kukak Bay, July 5; Kadiak, July 20. Rather smaller than the European fa/eno and the male has the mar- ginal band a little narrower, but the females have the band as broad or broader than European females, thus forming connecting links to the inland Alaska form which Dr. Holland calls chiffewa Edw. (Ent. News, XI, 418, 1900.) Se ee ee eee [489] LEPIDOPTERA 215 Pieris napi Linn. Pieris napi LINN., Faun. Suec., 271, 1761. Twenty-two examples. Var. bryoniz Ochs. One female: Muir Inlet, June 11. Var. hulda Edw. Eighteen examples: Kadiak, July 20; Cook Inlet, July 21; Kukak Bay, July 5; Juneau, July 25; Popof Island, July 13; mainland near Shumagin Islands, July (Mr. Palache). Var. acadica Edw.? Three examples: Kukak Bay, July 5. Rather smaller than the figure of acadica Edw. and the gray dusting of secondaries more extensive. Family LYCENIDA. Chrysophanus dorcas Kirb. Chrysophanus dorcas KirB., Faun. Bor. Am., 4, 229, pl. 4, 1837. Thirteen examples: Kadiak, July 20; Cook Inlet, July 21. The specimens vary enough to easily cover Edwards’ description of Jflorus, which is thus seen to be simply a synonym of dorcas Kirb. Family HESPERIDZA, Pamphila palemon Pall. Pamphila palemon PALL., Reise 1, 471, 1771. Five examples: Kukak Bay, July 5. Family ARCTIIDZA. Platarctia parthenos Harr. Platarctia parthenos HARR., Agassiz, Lake Sup., 390, 1850. Three examples: Kadiak, July 5; Popof Island, July 13. All very red, the wings and thorax strongly tinged with red, the spots of fore wings large and yellowish. Platarctia subnebulosa Dyar. Platarctia subnebulosa DyaR, Ent. News, 10, 130, 1899. Two examples: Point Clarence, St. Paul Island. Both females with the wings only partly expanded. One example is very red, the marks of fore wings reduced, leaving extensive yellow areas; the other has the normal markings, but blackish brown, not strongly reddened. 216 DYAR [490] Nemeophila plantaginis Linn. Nemeophila plantaginis Linn., Syst. Nat., 1, 50%, 1758. Twelve examples: Kadiak, July 1-20. Var. petrosa Walk. Nine examples. Var. modesta Pack. Three examples. All the Zezrosa are males, all the modesta females, which is also the case with the specimens in the U. S. National Museum collection. Family NOCTUIDZA. Noctua c-nigrum Linn. Noctua c-nigrum LINN., Syst. Nat., 1, 576, 1758. Eight examples: Popof Island, July 13-15; Kadiak, July 20. Hadena basilinea Fab. Hadena basilinea FAB., Mant. Ins., 2, 183, 1787. One example: Sitka, June 16. The example was submitted to Professor John B. Smith, who says: A rubbed female not quite so reddish as in the normal examples; but, I believe it without question the same. It differs from the eastern Jinitma in the grayer, less contrasting maculation which is also less clearly written. From the normal European examples it seems to dif- fer in being a little more powdery; but this may be due to the condi- tion of the specimen. Hadena pluviosa Walk. Hadena pluviosa WALxk., Cat. Brit. Mus. Lepid., 33, 725, 1865. One example: Kukak Bay, July 4. This example also was submitted to Professor Smith. He says: One male in poor condition. This determination is open to consid- erable doubt, for the specimen is larger and darker than the Washing- ton examples before me; but I find nothing else nearer, and do not feel justified in describing it as new. Hadena vultuosa Grote. Hladena vultuosa GROTE, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 420, 1875. Two examples; Sitka; Orca, June 27. Hadena ducta Grote. Hadena ducta GROTE, Bull. Geol. Surv., 4, 176, 1878. Five examples: Popof Island, July 9-15; Pyramid Harbor. [491] LEPIDOPTERA 227 Hadena tenera Smith. Professor Smith has prepared the following description of this new form: HTadena tenera sp. nov. Ground color of head, thorax and primaries a rusty, red brown. Collar a little darker, tipped with an indistinct, richer brown trans- verse line. Patagia somewhat smoky shaded. Dorsal tuftings distinct, rusty brown. Abdomen dull gray with distinct, rusty-brown dorsal tufts, and rusty, fine hair. Primaries with a narrow, black basal streak and a short black streak along the inner margin at the inner angle. Basal half line black, broken, geminate, included space more yellow- ish. Transverse anterior line geminate, black, even, inner portion partly lost; as a whole with a very even, not greatly marked outcurve. Transverse posterior line geminate on the costa, outer portion lost, inner narrow, black, lunulate, followed by a somewhat more yellow shading, only a little incurved below the cell. Subterminal line yel- lowish, somewhat diffuse, forming a small W on veins 3 and4. A series of small, terminal lunules. Claviform moderate, concolorous, incompletely black margined, a black line extending from its tip to the transverse posterior line. Orbicular ovate, oblique, irregular, a little paler than the ground color. Reniform large broadly kidney-shaped, partly annulate in yellowish, inwardly margined with black scales. Secondaries whitish at base, shading to smoky, with an obscure, smoky, extra median line and a small discal spot. Beneath powdery reddish gray, with a powdery outer line and discal lunule; disc of primaries a little darker. Expands 36 mm. = 1.44 inches. Habitat.—Kukak Bay, Alaska, July 4, 1899. One male in fair condition, save that the primaries are rubbed at the outer margin and have lost the fringes. The antennz are distinctly serrate and the processes bristle tufted. The species is allied to and somewhat resembles a small darnscz. The thoracic vestiture is more dense than usual and somewhat loose, perhaps as a defect. Type.—Cat. no. 4844, U. S. National Museum. Hyppa rectilinea Esp. LHyppa rectilinea Esp., Schmett. Abd. Nat., 1, 127, 1777. Six examples: Kukak Bay, July 4. Seems to correspond with the European species rather than with the eastern xylinozdes Guen. or the western zzdistincta Smith. Pachnobia carnea Thunb. Pachnobia carnea THuns., Mus, Nat. Ac. Ups. Diss., 4, 56, 72, f. 1, 1788. Thirty-eight examples: Popof Island, July 10-15; Kukak Bay, July 4; Unga Island, July 21. 218 DYAR [492] The specimens vary in color from reddish to gray. An example was submitted to Professor Smith for determination. Pachnobia alaske Grote. Pachnobia alaska GROTE, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci., 3, 84, 1876. Five examples: Popof Island, July 12-13 ; St. Paul Island, August 7. One specimen is a female and the wings are not expanded. Named by Professor Smith. Caradrina punctivena Smith. Caradrina punctivena SmitH, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., 21, 77, 1894. Three examples: Virgin Bay, June 25. Professor Smith, on seeing the best specimen, remarked: ‘*One very decent male. It is a little larger than the average specimens from Manitoba and British Columbia; but is otherwise practically the same. The nearest mate to it is an example from Laggan, British Columbia.” Ommatostola popofensis Smith. As this proved an undescribed species, Professor Smith has made the following : Ommatostola popofensis sp. nov. Head, thorax and primaries dull luteous. Head a trifle deeper color, the clothing even. Thorax immaculate, vestiture dense, loose, neither collar nor patagia defined. Abdomen a paler shade of clay yellow, rather smoothly clothed, untufted. Primaries with a somewhat more reddish shade a little beyond the middle, enclosing and relieving the reniform. ‘The latter is moderate in size, centrally constricted, upper portion not well defined; lower somewhat dilated, black filled, nar- rowly outlined in white. Transverse anterior line obsolete. Trans- verse posterior line traceable by the deeper shade and a few black scales on the veins. Subterminal line a little irregular, traceable by a narrow, very slightly darker preceding shade. Veins through terminal space black-marked; but irregularly so. Fringes dusky at tip. The orbicular spot is transversely oval, traceable with difficulty by a very slightly paler outline. Secondaries black, fringes yellow. Beneath pale luteous; primaries a little smoky on the disk, with a smoky outer line and obvious discal lunule; secondaries with a small discal dot. Expands 35 mm. = 1.40 inches. Habitat.—Popof Island, Alaska, July 15, 1899. One female in good condition. The species is totally different in appearance from /éninerz, yet seems to be fully congeneric with it. Its general appearance is hadeniform until the fine yet dense vestiture recalls some forms of Leucania. Type.—Cat. no. 4843, U. S. National Museum. Anarta lanuginosa Smith. One example, which Professor Smith characterizes thus: a << 2 [493] LEPIDOPTERA 219 Anarta lanuginosa sp. nov. Black and gray; primaries with a mossy green shade through the median space ; secondaries straw yellow, with a broad black outer band and a black discal lunule. Head black with an admixture of white, especially prominent on the vertex. Collar gray tipped, above smoky blackish. Patagia gray edged, black vestiture of thoracic disc gray tipped posteriorly. Abdomen blackish, densely clothed with fine, yel- low hair, through which the black ground appears smoky. Primaries with ornamentation well defined, the markings broken or incomplete. Basal space chiefly gray. Basal line black, single, curved toward the base. A curved black mark in the submedian interspace, above which are mossy scales. A black bar along the internal margin, beyond which are mossy scales to the transverse anterior line. This line single, broad, black, broken on the veins, only a little irregular, as a whole outwardly oblique. Transverse posterior line single, consisting of a series of black interspaceal lunules, a little drawn in below the cell. Subterminal space smoky or blackish on the costa, the dark shade nar- rowing abruptly and broken into black sagittate spots varying in size, which precede a very even, whitish subterminal line. Fringes black, tipped with white, cut with white on the veins, giving a neat, festooned appearance. Claviform moderate, incompletely outlined in black, filled with paler green and followed by a paler, mossy shading. Orbicular of moderate size, irregular, incompletely black margined, whitish, with a mossy overlay, the whitish shade extending along the median vein to the reniform. Reniform moderate in size, a little constricted, black margined, not sharply defined, whitish filled, with a smoky cen- tral shading. Secondaries with yellow fringes. Beneath pale yellow, with large black discal spots. Primaries with black subterminal band shading into a smoky terminal space. Secondaries with a broad marginal band; fringes yellow. Expands 35 mm. = 1.40 inches. HTabitat.—Popof Island, Alaska, July 12, 1899. This is the best marked species known to me, equalling richardsoni in size, with somewhat the same type of maculation. A single male in very good condition. The antennz are distinctly serrated, the teeth furnished with tufts of bristles, so the member becomes brush-like. Type.—Cat. no. 4845, U. S. National Museum. Anarta etacta Smith. One example, described by Professor Smith, at our request, as fol- lows: Anarta etacta sp. nov. Head white with an admixture of smoky scales. Collar white in- feriorly, then blackish, the tip gray. Patagia whitish, with a sub- marginal blackish line, edges gray. Thoracic disc smoky. Primaries dull gray, powdered with mossy green. The ordinary lines are white, marked by geminate blackish spots on the costa and edged with black 220 DYAR [494] scales along their course. Basal line obvious, evenly bidentate. Trans- verse anterior line distinct, oblique, a little dentate on the veins to the submedian interspace, then with a long inward tooth on the internal vein, below which it curves outward to the inner margin. Transverse posterior line somewhat squarely exserted over the cell, then incurved so that it touches the lower edge of the reniform. Terminal space whitish with a mossy tinge, the subterminal line denticulate, defined only by the color contrast between terminal and subterminal spaces. A series of black terminal lunules. Fringes smoky, tipped with white, which is cut with smoky. Claviform moderate, outlined in pale mossy green. Orbicular round, of moderate size, annulate with white, which is edged with black, center of ground color. MReniform of good size, annulate with white, among which some green scales are inter- mixed; inwardly edged with black scales, center of ground color. A little heel extends backward from the reniform along the median vein for a short distance. Secondaries pale smoky, with blackish terminal lunules which are preceded by whitish. Fringes soiled whitish. Beneath smoky, secondaries a little paler, with a small discal spot. Expands 36 mm.= 1.44 inches. fabitat.—Kukak Bay, Alaska, July 4, 1899. One female without antennz, but otherwise in fair condition. The white markings on the dull gray ground are well defined and charac- teristic, the white terminal space adding to the contrast. It is prob- able that the amount of green powdering is variable and that, normally, there is more of it than is shown on the type. Type.—Cat. no. 4845, U. S. National Museum. Plusia hochenwarthi Hoch. Plusia hochenwarthi Hocu., Act. Soc. Berol., 6, 337, 1785. Two examples: Kukak Bay, July 4. Plusia epsilon Ottol. One example: Kadiak, July 20. This was submitted to Dr. R. Ottolengui who sends us the follow- ing description : Plusia epsilon sp. nov. Head, thorax and primaries dull purplish with black shadows; tho- racic edge of collar, patagia and tip of thoracic tuft of lighter shade. Transverse anterior line fairly straight, indistinct, purplish above the median vein, below the vein distinct, metallic golden, composed of two feeble outward curves, the upper longer than the lower, both bordered outwardly with black. The sign is metallic golden. Seen with the wings folded, that on the wing to the right represents the Greek char- acter e, while on the other wing, the sign being reversed, resembles the numeral 3. The sign touches the median vein at both extremities and, while apparently continuous with the transverse anterior line, really does not reach it. There is no dot, though this is an evanescent a Se [495] LEPIDOPTERA 227 character in some species. The subterminal line is geminate, waved, lighter at the outset, beginning with a hook on the costa and showing afew golden scales at the lower end, especially on the small tooth opposite the sign. The median space below the sign is the darkest part of the wing, the deepest black being immediately next to the sign. The subterminal line is black and shows distinctly against the paler shade between it and the fringes. It is sharply angulate and dentate. The two teeth at the center of the line are sharp, but near its anal angle there is no sharp tooth as in allied species, the angle being rounded. Fringes gray, cut with blackish. Orbicular indistinct, purplish, lined with black. Reniform upright, concolorous, outlined by faint metallic scales. Secondaries smoky yellowish basally with a wide darker outer border. Beneath, primaries smoky with yellowish discal spot, the white spots in costa and in fringes showing more distinctly than above. Secondaries much lighter. Expanse 34 mm. FTabitat.—Alaska. Type.—Cat. no. 5256, U. S. National Museum. Hypena californica Behr. Hypena californica BEuR., Trans. Am, Ent. Soc., 3, 23, 1870. One example: Virgin Bay, Prince William Sound, June 25. Professor Smith saw this specimen and said: ‘* Does not differ in any notable particular from British Columbia examples. One ragged female.” Family GEOMETRIDZ. Mesoleuca variata Schiff. Mesoleuca variata ScuiFF., Syst. verz, Wien. geg., 110, 1776. Twelve specimens: Popof Island, July 12-15. Determined by Rev. Dr. Hulst as a ‘‘ small variety” of MJesoleuca truncata Hufn., but I cannot agree with this determination. Mesoleuca lacustrata Guen. Mesoleuca lacustrata GUEN., Phal., 2, 395, 1857. One example: Yakutat, June 21. Named by Dr. Hulst; but it is distinctly different from Eastern ex- amples of this species. Petrophora montanata Borkh. Petrophora montanata Bor«kH., Nat. Eur. Schmett., 5, 397, 1794. One example, large: Popof Island, July 10. Sixteen examples: Popof Island, July 9-15; Kukak Bay, July 4. One of the latter examples was submitted to Dr. Hulst, who pro- nounced it a very light variety of the same species; I would determine the species as munitata, not montanata. ; 222 DYAR [496] Petrophora nemorella Hulst. Petrophora nemorella Hurst, Trans. Amer, Ent. Soc., 23, 293, 1896. Five examples: Yakutat, June 16; Popof Island, July 12-15; Ka- diak, July 20; Saldovia, July 21. This will prove to be munztata also, I believe. Petrophora borealis Hulst. Petrophora borealis Hust, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., 23, 292, 1896. Nine. examples: Berg Bay, June 10; Sitka, June 16; Yakutat, June 16; Virgin Bay, June 25; Kukak Bay, July 4. Some of the specimens are remarkably close to P. ferrugata L. Petrophora munitata Hiibn. Petrophora munitata HtBn., Schmett. Eur., 346, 1803. Two examples: Yakutat, June 16, 21. Determined by Dr. Hulst, but wrongly, I think. The specimens more nearly resemble the Siberian P. guadrifasctaria Cl. Venusia cambricaria Curt. Venusia cambricaria Curt., Brit. Ent., pl. 759, 1839. One example: Sitka, June 16. Eucheca albovittata Guen. Eucheca albovittata GUEN., Phal., 2, 520, 1857. One example: Sitka, June 16. Hydriomene trifasciata Borkh. Hydriomene trifasciata BoRKH., Eur. Sch., 5, 308, 1794. Four examples: Yakutat, June 16; Orca, June 21. Tetracis hyperborea Hulst. One example, which Dr. Hulst describes as follows : Tetracis hyperborea sp. nov. Expands 42 mm. Palpi bright ochre yellow; front ochre; summit and anterior part of thorax ochre yellow; thorax and abdomen rather light ochre, the latter somewhat fuscous stained; all wings light ochre more or less stained with fuscous; fore wings with basal line showing in three blackish spots, the largest costal, the next at middle of wing, the third at vein 1; just beyond the discal spot, which is very faint, is a broad blackish shading, nearly straight, and reaching across wing; an outer line of black spots on veins, these diffuse on their edges and running subparallel to outer margin to vein 2, then curved a little out- wardly ; a line of faint diffuse marginal spots; hind wings with outer line of black dots on the veins; discal spots present, blackish. Be- neath as above, on fore wings the basal half more fuscous, discal spots [497] LEPIDOPTERA 223 more distinct, middle band much less marked, outer line more distinct, the spots confluent ; hind wings, discal spots very distinct, black; outer line of spots more distinct than above. Virgin Bay, Prince William Sound, Alaska, June 25. Type.—Cat. no. 4919, U. S. National Museum. Eustroma silaceata Hiibn. Eustroma silaceata Htsn., Vig. & Schmett., 100, 1793. One example: Kukak Bay, July 4. Submitted to Dr. Hulst, who called it a very light form of Zustroma atrocolorata Grt. & Rob., but obviously incorrectly. Tephroclystis perfusca Hulst. Tephroclystis perfusca Hust, Can. Ent., 30, 116, 1898. Four examples: Popof Island, July 9-15. Determined by Dr. Hulst as a varietal form of this species. Tephroclystis zygenidata Pack. Tephroclystis zygenidata Pack., Mon. Geom., 51, 1876. Four examples: Sitka, June 16; Yakutat, June 21. This also is a varietal form, not the typical species, according to Dr. Hulst’s determination. Tephroclystis miserulata Grt. Tephroclystis miserulata GRT., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., 2, 32, 1863. Two examples: Popof Island, July 15. Again a varietal form of the Atlantic coast species, according to Dr. Hulst, who examined a specimen. Tephroclystis flebilis Hulst. One example, which, being new, is described as follows by Dr. Hulst : Tephroclystis flebilis sp. nov. Expands 24 mm. Palpi front and antenne dark fuscous; thorax fuscous in front, fuscous gray behind; abdomen gray, very light later- ally; fore wings narrow, elongated, fuscous, darker, almost blackish fuscous narrowly along costa and broadly outwardly extending over marginal field; the black of costa broken as showing the beginning of cross lines, and broadened into a subquadrate spot within outer line; basal line scarcely evident; outer line broad, indeterminate, whitish ; an outer scolloped dentate white line on outer field, parallel with margin; hind wings rather small, rounded, fuscous, the beginnings of dark cross lines showing along inner margin; marginal lines on all wings black, more or less broken. Beneath much as above, but with a rounded broad extra-discal line on hind wings. 224 DYAR [498] Sitka, Alaska, June 16. Type.—Cat. no. 4920, U. S. National Museum. Eucymatoge grandis Hulst. Eucymatoge grandis Hust, Trans. Am, Ent. Soc., 23, 273, 1896. One example: Sitka, June 16. Named by Dr. Hulst. Rheumaptera lugubrata Staud. Rheumaptera lugubrata STAUD., Cat. Lep, Eur., 189, 1871. Twenty-four examples: Sitka, June 16; Kukak Bay, July 4. Rheumaptera hastata Linn. Rheumaptera hastata LINN., Syst Nat., 527, 1758. Eighteen examples: Sitka, June 16; Metlakahtla, June 4; Yaku- tat, June 21; Kukak Bay, July 4; Kadiak, July; Popof Island, July 9-13; Fox Point, July 28. Family PYRALIDZ. Pyrausta washingtonialis Grote. Pyrausta washingtonialis GRoTE, Bull. Geol. Surv., 6, 577, 1882. Five examples: Sitka, June 16; Virgin Bay, June 25 ; Kukak Bay, July 4; Popof Island, July 13. In some of the specimens the markings are nearly obliterated. We are indebted to Professor C. H. Fernald for the determination of a specimen. Scoparia centuriella Schiff. Scoparia centuriclla ScHIFF., Wien. Verz., 319, 1776. Nineteen examples: Popof Island, July 12 and 13. Crambus labradoriensis Christ. Crambus labradoriensis Curist., Ent. Zeit. Stett., 19, 314, 1856. Four examples: Kukak Bay, July 1; Saldovia, July 21. Crambus toparius Zell. Crambus toparius ZELL., Ent, Zeit. Stett., 155, 1866. Four examples: Sitka, June 16. Crambus interminellus Walk. Crambus interminellus WALK., Cat. Brit. Mus., 27, 156, 1863. Four examples: Yakutat, June 21; Popof Island, July 12 and 13; Saldovia, July 21. [499] LEPIDOPTERA 225 Determined by Professor Fernald. Hampson makes this a synonym of trisectus Walk. Laodamia fusca Haw. Laodamia fusca Haw., Lep. Brit., 493, 1829. Eight examples: Juneau, June 25; Kukak Bay, July 1. Family PTEROPHORIDZ. Platyptilia cosmodactyla Hiibn. Platyptilia cosmodactyla Hisn., Samml, Eur. Schnett., 35-36, 1827. Four examples: Sitka, June 16; Virgin Bay, June 25; Kadiak, July 20. Determined by Professor Fernald. Platyptilia petrodactyla Walk. Platyptilia petrodactyla WaLK., Cat. Brit. Mus., 30, 940, 1864. Three examples: Popof Island, July 12, 13. One specimen was submitted to Professor Fernald, but he was un- able to recognize it. Another example, in somewhat better condition, seems referable here. The ground color of the wing is more ocherous than in Walsingham’s figure, and the brown band is less oblique, being subparallel to the marginal band and approximate to it. There is a slight dot near base of fissure, one below end of costal stripe and one in center of cell; but the figure in general suggests this species, and it is stated that Walker’s type is not in perfect condition. Family SESIIDA. Sesia culiciformis Linn. Sesia culiciformis LINN., Syst. Nat., 493, 1758. One example: Kukak Bay, July 1. Sesia arctica Beut. One example: Kadiak, July 20. Determined as a new species and named as above by Mr. Wm. Beutenmiiller, to whom it was submitted, and who favors us with the following description : Sesta arctica Beutenmiiller, sp. nov. Male: Head, palpi and thorax entirely black. Abdomen black with a very narrow white band at the posterior edge of the second and fourth segments. Anal tuft black. Legs black with the hind tarsi dirty white. Fore wings transparent with black borders and a broad transverse mark. Hind wings transparent with a narrow black mar- 226 DYAR [500] gin. Underside of fore wings washed with golden yellow, basally. Hind wings same as above. Expanse 20 mm. Habitat.—Kadiak, Alaska, July 20, 1899. Type (one male).—Cat. no. 5175, U. S. National Museum. Somewhat allied to Seséa rutilans but has white bands on the abdo- men instead of yellow ones as in that species. The palpi are wholly black, while in rztzJams they are golden yellow and black. A description of this species, without name, has been published by Mr. Beutenmiiller.* Family TORTRICIDZ. Sciaphila argentana Clck. Sciaphila argentana Cuck., Icones, 2, 14, 1759-64. Four examples: Kukak Bay, July 4. Sciaphila osseana Scop. Sciaphila osseana Scor., Ent. Carn., 238, 1763. Eight examples: Kukak Bay, July 4; Kadiak, July 20. Determined by Professor Fernald. Sciaphila meschleriana Wocke. Sciaphila meschleriana WockeE, Stett. Ent. Zeit., 45, 1862. Six examples: Popof Island, July 15. Determined by Professor Fernald. Sericoris bipartitana Clem. Sericoris bipartitana CLEM., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil., 346, 1860. Five examples: Kukak Bay, July 4; Popof Island, July 10 to 12. Phoxopteris kincaidiana Fern. Ten examples: Metlakahtla, June 4; Sitka, June 16; Berg Bay, June 10; Muir Inlet, June 12. Professor Fernald has kindly prepared the following description of this new from: Phoxopteris kincatdiana sp. nov. Expanse of wings 15 mm. Fore wings brownish white with a nearly triangular dark cinnamon brown dorsal spot extending from the base to the middle of the hind margin with the outer part oblique and ending in a rounded angle near the costal side of the cell. The outer and costal sides of the triangle are somewhat incurved. The oblique stripe from the middle of the costa extends about two thirds of the distance to the anal angle, then forms a right angle and extends to the apex, but is cut on its outer side beyond the end of the cell by two 1Can. Ent., 32, 208, 1900. [sor] LEPIDOPTERA 227 dark brown dashes and there is a dark brown dot near the angle of this stripe. The oblique stripe, a series of costal dots and three cross lines at the outer part of the wing, one of which is terminal, are dark cinnamon brown but much more indistinct than the dorsal spot. Fringe above the apex dark brown, elsewhere white at the base and pale fuscous beyond. Hind wing pale fuscous. Described from one male in the collection of the National Museum, taken June 14, 1899, at Metlakahtla, Alaska, by Mr. T. Kincaid for whom I take pleasure in naming this insect. Type.—Cat. no. 4967, U. S. National Museum. Tortrix fumiferana Clem. Tortrix fumiferana CLEM., Proc, Ent. Soc, Phil., 5, 139, 1865. One example: Sitka, June 16. Professor Fernald remarks that the specimen is too poor for him to be certain of the identification. Carpocapsa pomonella Linn. Carpocapsa pomonella LINN., Syst. Nat., 538, 1758. One example: Orca, June 15. (On shipboard.) Named by Professor Fernald. Family TINEIDZ. The collection in this family was small, and the condition of the specimens is such that it has not been thought desirable to make them the types of new species. The generic determinations have been made by Mr. August Busck. Argyrestia sp. Four examples: Sitka, June 16; Popof Island, July 13 to 15. Monopis sp. One example: Popof Island, July 13. Plutella sp. One example: Sitka, June 16. This appears to agree essentially with the type of duédozsella Beut. Schreckensteinia sp. Two examples: Sitka, June 16, Yakutat, June 21. Zelleria sp. One example: Farragut Bay, June 5. Choreutis occidentella Dyar. Choreutis occidentella Dyar, Can. Ent., 32, 86, 1900, One example: Sitka, June 16. INDEX (New genera and species and the pages on which they are described are in black-face type; synonyms in parenthesis.) Acmzops pratensis 183 Acrosteles 6-notata (133) “éschna clepsydra 147, 153 constricta 28, 150 eremita (153) juncea 28, 33, 149 junia (153) sitchensis 147, 152 Agabus hypomelas 175 lecontei 176 scapularis 176 semipunctatus 176 tristis 12, 175, 193, Pl. xiv, f. 3-6 Agalena curta (38) pacifica 38 Agathidium concinnum 177 Agrion annexum (152) Agromyza lacteipennis 22 Agyrtes longulus 15, 177 Aleochara sulcicollis 178 Allantus heraclei 33 Amara erratica 175 eschscholtzii 174 hyperborea 31, 174 remotestriata 10, 175 Amaurobius pictus 42 Amblopusa brevipes 178 Amblycephalus germari (131) Amphichroum testaceum 5, 179 Anarta etacta 25, 219 lanuginosa 32, 218-219 Anaspis rufa 23, 183 sericea 183 Anax junius 146, 153 spiniferus (153) Andrena frigida 11, 16 Anisotoma curvata 177 Anthicus nigrita 183 Anthobium pothos 179 Anthophagus laticollis b (180) Anura gigantea (86) Anurida amorita 88, pl. v1, f. 3; Pl. vim1, £. 19-24. Apatania sp. 164 tripunctata 164, Pl. x1, f. 4 Aphalara alaskensis 136, f. 8 kincaidi 136, f. 7 schwarzi 135, f. 6 sp- (135) Aphidide 117-125 Aphis populens (137) Aphodius congregatus 182 Aphorura dentata 89, rl. rx, f. 29-36 octopunctata 88, pl. rx, f. 25-28 Aphrophora corticea 131 Apterygota 83-114, Pls. vi-x Aptilotus politus 9 Arachnida 35-46, pl. x1 Arachnophila septentrionalis 26 Aradus sp. 23, 143 Arctobolus onondaga 64 Arctophila flagrans 31 Argyrestia sp. 227 Ashmead, W. H., Homoptera 127-137 Aspidiotus sp. 137 Asynarchus alascensis 163, Pl. x11, f. 16 flavicollis 162, Pl. x11, f. 11, 13 fumosus 12, 162, pl. x1, f. 7, 9, 10 punctatissimus 9, 161, Pl. x1, f. 6 simplex 161, Pl. x1, f. 3 Athous ferruginosus 181 Atomaria vespertina 180 Baccha obscuricornis 4, 14 Bactroceros sitkensis 16 Batis sp. 159 229 230 Banks, N., Arachnida 35-46 Neuropteroid insects 155-168 Baptolinus macrocephalus 178 Bathyphantes arctica 41 Sp. 42 Bembidium bimaculatum 10, 173 complanatum 10 complanulum 173 incertum 31, 173 mutatum 31, 173 spectabile 174 tetraglyptum 173 Beris annulifera 15 Bibio variabilis 5, 11, 14 Blepharipus ater 23 Boletina grenlandica 11 inops 19 Bolitochara notata 178 Bombus alaskensis 8, 16 californicus 16 couperi 23, 32 dimidiata 8 frigidus 26 juxtus 7, 26 melanopygus 9, If mixtuosus 8, 19, 21, 32 moderatus 28 nearcticus 9 oregonensis 8, 9, 23, 28, 32 pleuralis 28, 32 polaris 23, 28 sitkensis 26 sylvicola 23, 31, 32 Brachyopa notata 14, 18, 21 Bradycellus cognatus 175 Brenthis alaskensis 214 myrina 25, 213 saga 32, 214 Byrrhus fasciatus 194-196, Pl. xv Cznonympha kodiak 25, 214 Cafins canescens 178 Calathus ingratus 10, 31, 175 Calodera sp. 178 Capsus ater 142 Carabus baccivorus 1472 truncaticollis 190, Pl. xr Caradrina punctivena (218) rufostriga 212 INDEX Carpocapsa pomonella 227 Caudell, A. N., Orthoptera 115-118 Cephaleia nigropectus 16 Ceratinella sp. 38, pl. m, f. 5 Ceratopogon arcticus 30 femoratus 30 hirtulus 21 Cercopis abdominalis (132) bicolor (132) corticea (131) Cercyon fimbriatus 176 fulvipennis 176 lugubris 176 Chasmatonotus univittatus 15 Chilosia alaskensis 18 borealis 18 lasiopthalma 18 occidentalis 21 plutonia 14, 15, 18, 21 pulchripes 22, 26 tristis 22 Chirosia glauca 9 Chloroneura pura 135 Chloroperla borealis 158 decolorata 158 imbecilla 158 pacifica 10, 158 Choleva egena 177 Chonaphe 56 armata 56, 57, Pl. rv, f. 2a-2¢ eruca 57 Choreutis coloradella 212, 227 Chrysomela subsulcata 32, 183, 199) pl. xv, f. 1-7 Chrysophanus dorcas 23, 215 Chrysops nigripes 27 ; Cicada abdominalis (132) acuminata (131) alpina (133) sexnotata (133) Cicadula fasciifrons 23, 130, 133 leta 130, 133 lineatifrons 134 sexnotata 23, 130, 133 unge 134 Cimbex americana 28 pabulinus 140, (142) = pratensis 140, (143) Cladobius 125 Se a INDEX 231 Cladobius populeus 124, 137 Clubiona pacifica 38 Clytochrysus gracilissimus 8 Coccids, absence of 137 Coenonympha kodiak 25, 214 Coleoptera 169-184, Pls. xmI-xvII metamorphoses 187-210 Conotyla atrolineata 12, 69 glomerata 69 Cook, O, F., Myriapoda 47-82 Cordulia albicincta (150) eremita (150) shurtleffi 27, 150 Cordylura preusta 11 vittipes 11 Corisa convexa 12, 144 germarii 144 preusta 12, 16, 144° Cornicularia recurvata 39, Pl. u, f.9 Sp- 39 varipes 34, 39, Pl. 1, f. 4 Corymbites caricinus 181 lobatus 181 resplendens 181 sericeus 181 spectabilis 181 tarsalis 181 umbricola 181 volitans 181 Crambus interminellus 32, 224-225 labradoriensis 224 toparius 224 Craspedosoma atrolineatum (69) glomeratum (69) Criorhina armillata 7 scitula 8 tricolor 15 Creephilus maxillosus 178 Cryptophypnus hyperboreus 180 littoralis 180, 197, Pl. xvi, f. 1, 2 nocturnus 180 Cryptops sexspinosa (73) Currie, R. P., Odonata 145-153 Cybeus pusillus 38 reticulatus 38 Cybocephalus ? unicolor 176 Cychrus angusticollis 172 marginatus 172 velutinus 172 Cylindrotoma juncta 21 Cyphon variabilis 180 Delphax hemipterus 131 stejnegeri 130 Deltocephalus abdominalis 130, 132 evansi 132 harrimani 23, 132 Dendroctonus obesus 185 Deronectes griseostriatus 12, 175 Desoria annulata (92) cylindrica (92) ebriosa (92) fusca (92) pallida (92) viatica (92) virescens (92) Diadocidia borealis 5 Diaulota densissima 178 insolita 178 Dicranata argentea I1 Dicraneura carneola 134 Didyma pullala 9 Dilophus serraticollis 11, 14 Diplax hudsonica (151) Ditylus quadricollis 19, 183 Dolerus elderi 33 sericeus 11, 16, 28 Dolichopus baryenemis 30 festinans 30 lobatus 26 longimanus 6 plumipes 19, 30 Donacia femoralis 6, 183 Dorytomus longulus 184 mannerheimi 184 vestitus 184 Dryoccetus autographus 185 Dyar, H. G., Lepidoptera 211-227 Dytiscus dauricus 176, 192, Pl. xtv, f. 1,2 Ectemnius parvulus 23 Elater nigrinus 181 Empis brachysoma 22 clauda 18 fumida 6 infumata 30 laniventris 30 232 Empis pellucida 21 poplitea 26 triangula 5, 15 virgata 15, 18 Empoasca commissuralis 135 pura (135) Enallagma annexum 147, 152 calverti 9, 23, 27, 28, 148 Enicospilus purgatus 8 Entomobrya griseo-olivata 95 kincaidi 12, 94, Pl. x, f. 43-45 Epeira displicata 42 patagiata 42 trifolium 42 Ephemerella grandis 159 Epitheca albicincta (150) Epophthalmia albicincta (150) Epurea estiva 180 linearis 180 planulata 180 truncatella 180 Erigone coloradensis 40 famelica 40, Pl. u, £. 7, 8 falsificum (40) simillima 40 Eristalis flavipes 7 obscuris 7 occidentalis 6, 15, 21 tenax II Eros hamatus 182 letus 15, 182 Erythraspides ashmeadii 16 Escaryus albus 77 sibiricus 74, 76 urbicus 76 Euacanthus acuminatus 130, 131 Eucheca albovittata 222 Eucymatoge grandis 224 Eupteryx sexnotata (133) Eurymus paleno 25, 214 Eustroma silaceata 223 Euura insularis 33 Farragut Bay, species from 8 Folsom, J. W., Apterygota 83-114 Fontaria dissecta (55) furcifer (54) Formica neorufibarbis 7, 15, 28 Fox Point, species from 7 INDEX Gamasus sp. 45 Geophilus alaskanus 17, 75 attenuatus (74) ferrugineus (74) Gerris rufoscutellatus 7, 144 Glacier Bay, species from 10-12 Gloma obscura 18 Glossosoma alascensis 194, Pl. xu, f. 17, 18 sp. 165 Gonglydium alascensis 39, Pl, m1, f. 3 falsificum 40 sp. 40 Gypsochroa designata 212 Gyrinus picipes 176 Hadena basilinea 216 ducta 32, 216 pluviosa 216 tenera 25, 217 vultuosa 216 Hadrotus crassus 178 Halesus (?) alascensis 163, Pl. x11, f. 19, 20 Hallesus punctatissimus (161) Harpaphe 59 haydeniana 59-60, Pl. rv, f. 4a-4¢ intaminata 60 Harriman, E. H., species named for 132, 160 Heidemann, O., Heteroptera 139-144 Helophilus dychei 11 lunulatus 27 Helophorus auricollis 31, 176 inquinatus 176 Hemerobius pacificus 159 Heteroplectron sp. 164 Heteroptera 139-144 Heterotoma chlorata (92) Hilara aurata 26 quadrivittata 26 transfuga 11 Holostaspis exilis 45, rl. u, f. 1 : Homalomyia flavivaria 11 Homalota fucicola 177 graminicola 177 picipennis 177 Sp. 177 Homoptera 127-137, f. 6-9 INDEX Hybaphe 58 curtipes 59 tersa 58, 59, Pl. rv, f. 3@ Hydriomene trifasciata 222 -Hydroporus axillaris 175 signatus 12, 175 tristis 20, 175 Hyetodesia brunneinervis 11 Hylemyia spiniventris 30 Hylephila silvestris 31 Hylurgops 185 Hypena californica 221 Hypnoides musculus 5, 181, 196, Pl. xvi, f. 3-7 Hypozonium 62 anurum 63, Pl. v, f. 1a-1d Hyppa rectilinea 217 Ichneumon kincaidii 21 Ideobisum threveneti 45 Idiocerus striola 131 Ilybius quadrimaculatus 175 Irbisia sericans 16, 142 Isaphe 57 convexa 57, 58, Pl. Iv, 14-15 Ischneutes reunitor 33 Isopteryx cydippe 158 Isotoma alba (90) anglicana (92) annulata (92), (93) arborea (92) arctica 93, 94, Pl. v1, f.5; Pl. rx, f. 40-42 belfragei (93) caerulea (92) desmarestii (92) fimetaria 90, Pl. rx, f. 37-39 fusca (92), (93) lineata (92) pallida (92) palustrus (93) plumbea (93) principalis 93 purpurascens (93) tricolor (93) unicolor (93) virescens (92) viridis 91, (93), Pl. v1, f. 4 Itycorsia marginiventris 16 233 Iulus furcifer (70) Jassus abdominalis (132) letus (133) 6-notatus (133) Juneau, species from 9-10 Kadiak, species from 27-28 Kenai Peninsula, species from 22-24 Kincaid, T., introduction by 1-34 Metamorphoses of Alaska Coleop- tera 187-210 Kukak Bay, species from 24-27 Labulla altioculata 41 Laodamia fusca 225 Lasiops calvicrura 30 Lasius sitkensis 15 Lathrimzum subcostatum 179 Leistus furruginous 173 Lepidophorus lineaticollis 201, Pl. xv1, f. 8-12 Lepidoptera 211-227 Leptalia macilenta 27, 31, 183, 198, Pl. xvi, f. 8-12 Leptetrum quadrimaculatum 151 Lepthyphantes alascensis 41, Pl. 11, f. 6 Leptobunus borealis 44 Leptodesmus armatus (56) haydenianus (59) intaminatus (60) Leptopterna ferrugata 142 Leptothorax kincaidi 7 Leria fraterna 22 Lestes sp. 147 Leucorhinia hageni (151) hudsonica 21, 27, 151 Leucozona leucorum 22 Leuctra sp. 159 Libellula hudsonica (151) juncea (149) junia (153) quadrimaculata (151) Limnephilus gravidus 159 harrimani 16, 160, pl. x1, f. 1, 2 kincaidi 160, Pl. x1, f. 5 nebulosus 20, 161, Pl. x11, f. 12 ornatus 159-160 pacificus (160) 234 INDEX Limnephilus perjurus 160, pl. x1, f. 14 sitchensis 160, Pl. x1, f. 8; Pl. x11, f. 15 sp. 161 Limnophora nobilis 12 Limnotettix sexnotata (133) Linotenia chinophila (74) Linyphia phrygiana 41 pusilla 41 reducta 41 sitkensis 41 Liobunum exilipes 28, 44 Liparocephalus brevipennis 178 cordicollis 178 Lipura octo-punctata (88) Lithobius stejnegeri 71-72 sulcipes 72 Lonchza albitarsis 15 deutchi 15 Lophocarenum sp. 39 Lowe Inlet, B. C., species from 4 Lucania rufostriga (212) ~ Lycosa albohastata 43 pratensis 43 quinaria 43 8p. 43 Lygus campestris 143 pabulinus 142 pratensis 23, 143 scutellatus 143 unifasciatus 140, (143) Machilis arctica 12, roz, Pl. vit, £. 6-10; pl. x, f. 57, 58 Macrotoma celer (95) ferruginosa (95) flavescens (95) lepida (95) nigra (95) Mecistocephalus attenuatus 74 ferrugineus (74) Mecomma gilvipes 23, 142 Megalocerza ruficornis 23, 140, 141 Megapenthes stigmosus 181 Megasternum posticatum 177 Melanophila appendiculata 182 Melanoplus borealis 27, 117 Melanostoma mellinum 4, 6, 11, 14, I Melanostoma trichopus 6 Melanoxanthus 125 Melaphe cypria 55 vestita 55 Mesoleuca lacustrata 212 variata 32, 221 Metlakatla, species from 5 Micredus austinianus 180 Microphorus atratus 27 flavipilosus 5 Mimesa propinqua 8 Minis ferrugatus 140, (142) ruficornis 140, (141) Miris sp. 141 Misumena vatia 43 Mitopus dorsalis 34, 44, Pl. 1, f. 2 Molanna sp. 164 Monophadnus insularis 7 Monopis sp. 227 Muir Inlet, species from 10-12 Mycetoporus lepidus 31, 179 Myiolepta bella 21 Myriapoda 47-82, Pls. m1-v Myrmica sulcinodoides 15 Mystacides nigra 164 Nabis sibericus 23, 144 Neanura gigantea 86, pl. vi, f. 1; Pl. vin, f. 11-13 ornata 87, Pl. vi, f. 2; Pl. vu, f. 14-18 Nebria gregaria 172 kincaidi 8, 173 mannerheimi 10, 172 metallica 10, 172 Necrophorus pustulatus 177 vespilloides 177 Nectarophora caudata 121, 137 epilobii 33, 123, 137 insularis 123, 137 Nemeophila modesta 216 petrosa 216 plantaginis 28, 216 Nemoura cinctipes 158 sp. 158 Neoascia globosa 6, 21 Neoempheria kincaidi 30 Neuronia lapponica 159 Neuropteroid insects 115-168,Pls. x1, XII - Te 2. as INDEX Noctua c-nigrum 32, 216 Nysius grénlandicus 23, 143 Obisium threveneti (45) Odonata 145-153 Odynerus albophaleratus 8, 26 Gdoparea glauca 6, 9 CEneis nigra 27, 214 Olophrum convexum 179 Omalium foraminosum 179 Ommatostola popofensis 32, 218 Onychelus 67 obustus 67, 68 Orca, species from 21-22 Orchestes rufipes 27, 184 Ornithodes 21 harrimani 21 Orobanus simulator 19, 179 Orthocheta pilosa 6 Orthops scutellatus 140, (143) Orthoptera 115-118 Otocryptops punctatus (73) rubiginosa 72 sexspinosus 73 Oxytelus fuscipennis 179 Oxyurus flavolimbatus 55 vestitus 55 Pachnobia alaske 32, 218 carnea 217-218 Pachymerium ferrugineum (74) Pachynematus affinis 33 gotarus 33 ocreatus 16 oronus 19 Pachyprotasis nigrofasciatus 33 Pachyta liturata 23, 183 monticola 183 ; Pzcilostomidea maculata 16 Pamphila palemon 25, 215 Papilio aliaska 8, 213 Papirius palmatus 12, 100, Pl. x, f. 54—- 56 Parajulus alaskanus 7, 17, 70, Pl. v, f. 4a-4h coreanus 70 furcifer 70, Pl. v, £. 5a-5e Paraphyto borealis 8 Paraplinthus carinatus 184 235 Paraplinthus scrobiculatus 184 Pardosa glacialis 43 groenlandica 43 uncata 44 Parnassius smintheus 25, 213 Patrobus aterrimus 174 septentrionalis 174 Pedanostethus riparius 40 Pedicia obtusata 27 Peltastica tuberculata 180 Pergande, Theo., Aphidide 119-125 Pericoma bipunctata 11 Petrophora borealis 11, 222 montanata 32 munitata 212, 221 nemorella 32, 222 pomeriaria 212 Phalanguim exilipes (44) Philonthus siegwaldi 178 Philonygus glacialis 5 Phlegmacera occidentalis 44 Phorbia biciliata 11 Phoxopteris kincaidiana 7, 11, 226 Phryganea nigra (164) Phytomyza flavicornis 19 Pieris acadica 25, 215 bryoniz 11, 215 hulda 25, 32, 215 napi 215 Pipiza pisticoides 7 Pirata sp. 44 Pityophthorus nitidulus 185 Platarctia parthenos 28, 32, 215 subnebulosa 215 Platychirus aeratus 12 albimanus 14, 15, 30 peltatus 4, 14 tenebrosus 26 Platynus erasus 175 Platypalpus diversipes 30 gilvipes 30 Platyptilia cosmodactyla 225 petrodactyla 32, 225 Platyzonium getschmannii 62, Pl. v, f. 2a Plusia epsilon 28, 220 hochenwarthi 220 Plutella sp. 227 Podabrus piniphilus 5, 182 236 INDEX Podabrus scaber 182 Rhamphomyia corvina 5 sericatus 182 disparilis 18 Podura annulata (92) glauca 6 arborea (92) macrura 21 fimetaria (90) setosa 9, II plumbea (91) villipes 30 terrestris alba (90) viridis (91) Pecilocytus unifasciatus 143 Pogonota kincaidi 31 Polydesmus armatus (56) cerasinus 61 cyprius 55 dissectus (55) eruca (57) furcifer (54) haydeniana 60 haydenianus (59) intaminatus (60) Polyxemus lagurus 51 pugetensis 7, 51 Polyzonium rosalbum 62, Pl. v, f, 3a-3¢ Popof Island, species from 28-34 Porphyrops consobrinus 19, 26 Prince William Sound, species from 19-22 Pristiphora lena 16 Prosthesima niger 38 Psithyrus insularis 9, 11, 16, 23 kadiakensis 28 Psylla alaskensis 23, 137, f. 9 Pterocomma pilosa 125 Pteromus rivularis 16 shumagensis 33 zebratus 19 Pterostichus amethystinus 174 castaneus 174 luczotii 31, 174 orinomum 174 riparius 10, 174. validus 174 Pyrausta washingtonialis 224 Quedius marginalus 178 pediculus 178 plagiatus 178 Rhamphomyia albopilosa 11 anthracodes 6 Rhantus binotatus 176 bistriatus 31, 176 Rheumaptera hastata 7, 32, 224 lugubrata 25, 224 Rhizophagus dimidiatus 180 Rhogas harrimani 8 Rhyncholus brunneus 184 Rhypholophis affinis 5 Rhypholophus flaveolus 22 Rhyssa alaskensis 8 Scatella setosa 22 Scatophaga frigida 27 islandica 11 Schreckensteinia sp. 227 Schwarz, E, A., Coleoptera 169-184 Sciaphila argentana 226 meeschleriana 32, 226 osseana 226 Sciara expolita 15 tridentata 5 Sclerobunus brunneus 28, 44 Scolioplanes chionophilus (73) Scolopocryptops sexspinosus (73) 6-spinosa (73) Scolopostethus atlanticus 143 diffidens 143 thompsoni 16, 143 Scoparia centuriella 32, 224 Scutigera forceps 71 Scydmenus californicus 177 Scytonotus sp. 61, pl. m1, f. 2a-2d Seldovia, species from 22-24 Sepsis flavimana 9, 22 Sericomyia chalcopyga 14 Sericoris bipartitana 32, 226 Sericosomus incongruus 15, 181 Sesia arctica 28, 225 culiciformis 26, 225 Shumagin Islands, species from 28- 34 Silis pallida 182 Sitka, species from 12-17 INDEX 237 Sitones tibialis 27, 184 Somatochlora albicincta 28, 150 Spania edeta 12 Spherophoria sulphuripes 7 Sphegina infuscata 4,9, 14, 15, 18 Spirobolus hebes (66) uncigerus (67) Spondylis upiformis 182 Stenus insularis 19, 179 umbratilis 6, 179 Strigamia chionophila (73) Strongylosoma eruca (57) Syneta carinata 183 Syrphus amalopis 14, 18, 21 contumax II diversipes 14, 18, 21 geniculata 26 glacialis 11, 18 gracilis 9 macularis 18 mentalis 21 ribesii 6 torvus 26 velutinus 7 Tabanus septentrionalis 27 Tachinus nigricornis 179 sp. 179 Tachycellus nigrinus 175 Teniopteryx sp. 159 Telephorus divisus 8, 183 fraxini 182 Telmatogeton alaskensis 19 Tenthredo bivittata 33 dissimulans 26, 33 erythromera 7, 16, 19, 23, 26 evansii 16, 19, 23, 28 ferrugineipes 5, 16, 23, 26, 28, 33 flavomarginis 19, 23 harrimani 33 lineata 16 melanosoma 16, 19, 23 mellina 33 nigricollis 16, 23, 26 varipes 28 varipicta 11, 16, 19, 23, 26, 33 Tephroclistis flebilis 15, 223 miserula 32 miserulata 223 Tephroclistis perfusca 32, 223 zygemidata 223 Tctracis hyperborea 222 Tetragnatha extensa 42. laboriosa 42 Tettigonia acuminata (131) 6-notata (133) Thamnotettix fasciifrons (133) letus (133) lineatifrons (134) Thereva melanoneura 27 Theridium marxi (38) sexpunctatum 38 Thyreopus vicinus 26 Tibellus oblongus 43 Tipula cineracea 19 gelida 6 macrolabis 22 septentrionalis 31 strigata 6 tenebrosa 11 Titacis hyperborea 20 Tomoceras americanus 96, 97, 98, 99 arcticus 96, 97, 98-99 celer (95) flavescens (95), 96, 97, 98 lepida (95) niger 95-98, Pl. x, f. 46-53 plumbeus 98 Tomotenia chionophila 34, 73-74 77 Tortrix fumiferana 227 Trachodes ptinoides 184 quadrituberculatus 184 Trechus chalybeus 31, 174 Trichalophus constrictus 184 Trichiosoma aleutiana 28 triangulum 26, 33 Trichopetalum glomeratum (69) ‘Tricyphona diaphana 11 vitripennis 5 Trineura aterrima 11 Tylobolus 65 deses 65-66, Pl. 111, f. 34-34 hebes 66 uncigerus 67 Typhlocyba carneola (134) commissuralis (135) pura (135) 238 Vanessa milberti 8, 214 Venusia cambricaria 222 Vespa borealis 15, 21 marginata 26. Virgin Bay, species from 19-21 Volucella facialis 26 Xylota barbata 9 Xyloterus bivittatus 185 Xysticus borealis 43 Xystocheir 53 4 ‘ &Systocheir acuta 54 dissecta 54, 55 furcifer 54 54 obtusa 55, 54, Pl. m1, f. 1a-1¢ Yakutat, species from 17-19 Q Harriman Alaska Expedition 115 Harriman Alaska series H37 v.83 pt.l PRA Sci, PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY