rx *
% t *o
% °o A ^ * ov
>**<? X>*
,.- *, <* .™r»° /\»A «"/\"w; ^rx ,
* a^' "* * *
, fov
* *
* -jvOx *
X y Ck *
•sj9 , «« * r /X . V. %*XV Q,
A' «bX 0
. . -y -&Z*m'^'£&:' " * v>
\X xx •
* X ^
° V<<x w^P§iXr V<v *m*y
° sSJK o xfe :|y * ~» iBflf * <£3'\ °0%ltv? ^ *^tSsP* of
X* ^^X' "4^.‘o,c,'V c4’ -,>o0'° ’ '&*°"**% * • c°*y i;xV
•*■<•* *S -*P
r>0S <5<fc
/Pm i
<XX %W.T^ , y\-^S, XX
<*
> y&
^ 'Xf>
L* xt $% '*ww* -m? xx * .
’ Cfcx {#) Xifcx S X ® j
S/° * xx„xx^* xx, -.Xv'
% o
1 *’ ■ **^yf ?*&*
A* - ^ f\ j> ,^'^^*r <r — ^*k ^V *'’cC4/i/~r*' a > \->v ’ ^
;xx *>^,\ * s,vV'“'S;' ■ 1 *: * |
-o xx xx / a = xx *
O “V‘Xto» =
> X X •*’
» ^OV’ °
o
^ - „ - X -p X
XX; ;X'0NV XX^X 'XV
o *. * mt±*. XX xx
■p%f jfipsas w ° *<M - '•■r--c'' * » >*, 5®*RS; J
n
o<^‘So°
'^°f - ^ *'
J, <$* %> "<?' ^nur.-vXV" X''/1
>dc ; w V imefr* *o& ?^&'. :af^i •
€ x° . x;^;X- * »?x ,wv \x xx xx xmu <
>0^
• ^.o.
•^X X • » "’*Vs>‘"4'tC ‘°“°
o°
■”■ V-V '"X v»
% ,S? * XM% <r r-X <A
►0vAv.v ^
o ^ c
XT* l,*Xo'°x^ co.x^xr« l" vx° ’ i"4^ ^ *■
f^: V »y fM|; X*
, . 0;x/;:r:X^ * >X oko,x°?^ * °X/'-»xX * •
■ ‘ % XX »*r X-X ;*^‘s XX t * *V/k - ^ ^ '
s .r\}WJ x#/\m*/\,
aUk ° * K Xv ^ONCa "
. O' .♦*
■fA^t
V *<
a o X'^eoy a, V> ^ w*# a/ <tV yj, o tV^SkXP <\r '■d' ^ -v o-r ''A-
S° ’ ‘5X^< * * >t^S# * ’ * "&$£>■
A <u£ * £$&••**+& :i wt^\ ?v^' ^ fc«^“
„ ° o *yXu
X • ’ *;XXXx* °
i xx * * XX oA'i •
v G X vf>, « ^
T/-ox «
AOa *
V X” J’
A^ <X C~. •»>> - <r
-»„ ^xs.. fxn ‘“““■’X »
V\xvMV\xYMV^xvrmvxx fMVxx" /
% XXVjft : XX /^° XX xx /^yh.% * * ■"
Aj
V,
<xv ^
c3^(
n
liw
Jy A* o & *
a o
-♦ X h
O c^>^p ^
* '°o ' >t^X * ’ '^i^S° °
' Pi ^o<> o^SSk' *>.<£ *»«&•* «X5- o'^Bk
y- «£> » “ ® .4 A ^ ^ • *
* H LI A vb- *0 * ** .V
V°G.
» yr i'HUS*
*‘ 4 . V^V-t . 4 X
/'WV ^
^ ^ o, ,vs %‘“V*c
-o»e, V' * < '' ‘'*,V'oa *B,1V^ ^
_ A A, rV a* * u~
*ii *
, <3-
V ^ C
<> s4 * * A-
„ w 0 ^!WL ' -
X° * '&%£*** * * G^?1^>\ ^ W ."‘SiBt* W *®i3.-
a
V'w’* 40°
*<v* :
* o */*, *
*dno° jlP ^P>A,
<y ** * o ^ V\ *'» »■'
/M£\ ■*
a A'JV,
» X %
_ _. _ <S<<
‘ to
<V* V ^T^T-'.c^
.-^ .«£“ ° «♦ 4j, ©A * *,
>r U O * ' ***•
c$>
y r
X* o *jk *«S »° ^ *k/>
f"! * O/. /\
■i*’ f .s x.V <a
•V ‘ilffiPj' j£^v o^w; J-X, J.1lSs j Sfipls J’X. :.|illl
<X<* ' ''4'^&''&^<L'' *
f. w . ^ ; ^Ek'. X? * «»• : ^ ^
( * <^Qt> * o jP'/Y >- ^ <v!SP<v * o t '-^gJPlF * ^QiS
<& ’« l v^ »
> ,^S'V °
_ - o^a;
; o >P^k t » <^o<.
** ^ O0 V"^Vv^- ^ o %> +^%!&rj? <J^ On v' '***-* <
* * >\ >V * V8 ” * VT* • * X>so°,
i *m*/w .ms ''M‘X/
a/ ,*“*'^0, • / ^'A o*' I
O ^ tidfrT^z -c O S^ * r^v^j. Ta, cP ■?•
V /™k* ^ * » x-
■ .0 « «A/*n »^s . . X>*OKO,^° ^ * »/%*- -V
* •b# ? mmb'i v*y *
'>0^ *
ojr CV
s** r°\ <r°KO°
r * «s t* - ■ ^ ^
o'>*^X°*‘l<coj;.,;
: / ‘ o
rV
Vos ."fiH^'i Vov^ /
rh,'*v^S>: v0^. -
r* K(? 0^“ »' * o, V" ’ '‘^ * * l^,*,‘
. ^ ^ A*^ ^ . f3 ft . *
k * <n c?"
V* J^5 ®J ‘I<//^V^
* ^COH,^ ^ " ^.C0«C4>
*5-^ 0.^^" ^
4 °
9Ja u^
°4>
Vv^ .‘•'J&; vov^ '^o4
° J.v°'<k r'dmr; ^°* iWm?; ~y3m** 4>°*
° Ao0 t~^‘-tf\** 4^ °q,/^f o’* <o° ^ *7^Z'? 4? 0o.>»
,<^ „»■< * ».3 "',* v^*»**1,*4fe» 4#k*’,*°».% 11 v?V“f*4c
ly ^ »R53. p A, * J& ^JA^#/H,C' ^ ‘
V„, S "JPK r-
J? \ “w,* ^ \ o
* ” oo^^>i° ’ i:»°r.8>^ * * s>° * ll* '
^ J4> <c
* r*cy
^ - a"^ Oa a " 'J<SrJ i
i ^V\
-r^ j, LI j V^i> y O * 3.^ vA •<
> ^5 r°V ^ °i aA cong,
; <s>0^ v0^ \^w§: J** *J
7 cu <* ^ _o *v *iy%%l/se > -r Ck -r
« f * r<p A to r({\M A °0 * vmm * '
® ^l11® r- vv - ? ^*5^ r -d'v » * v
a a *1 WiK 0 ^sja o c a a l °
V0j° . 4^0 tOM()Y' « * 5 c^« ■•■* Aoj 0 8 i4/,‘t,"**\ j * * 5 0^« > : \v^ ’Vo^0 °*o-S "Vo^0 yj§f
o *P<). AQa ^ Wm^7 o ^v°^k t 4 AP*
°ov 0
osooXO° X ^ N .
> % ^ ^A,*P>> A<C.
r ^
^ ^ VBRr^^ ^
, A ^ „ » s4 ^
, o ■ A-^'.CH°** % fOA*^*,
+ O aA ^ ^ ‘»fv ^ ' /V>*’
o vo^ ^
V Cv ^s5> a A *«V“ A s
, ,B, ^ \ A 4 /
0 ^“5^ r- 'vv ~ 1 vv *2
^ o mm: 1
>os
V eo V"^ *
s» „04> ^^o«o*3 A X 4<
. . ^
o
• '& 0 *9 A^
% -;w^ . ^ ^
% ^
.<XV rONC* '<,{> ' v ~ ^ « L‘ *Jt ‘KaY
**. 4. r? .>A_^>^V 9
V1 r . * '^'u « w«o/- ^ ^OV °
^ * X,os°°‘X * oX^^T. 4 * X
to
*, or» O ™
^ c?- <fe) .
<V 9^6
Co
u.r>
United States Region III Region III EPA 903-R-03-002
Environmental Protection Chesapeake Bay Water Protection October 2004
Agency Program Office Division
In coordination with the Office of Water/Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC
Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries
f \ \ c •
2004 Addendum
October 2004
A
A
K ft*
V
Ambient Water Quality Criteria
M
for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay
and Its Tidal Tributaries
2004 Addendum
October 2004
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region III
Chesapeake Bay Program Office Annapolis, Maryland
and
Region III
Water Protection Division Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
in coordination with
Office of Water
Office of Science and Technology Washington, D.C.
72)
,^3/h/73
*7} 1
LC Control Number
2006 530195
Ill
Contents
Acknowledgments . v
I. Introduction . 1
II. Shortnose Sturgeon Temperature Sensitivity Analyses . 3
III. Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA
Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation . 9
Consultation History . 9
Biological Evaluation Findings . 11
Biological Evaluation Conclusions . 13
Literature Cited . 15
IV. Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA
Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion . 17
Chlorophyll a Criteria . 17
Water Clarity Criteria . 17
Dissolved Oxygen Criteria . 18
Sea turtles . 18
Shortnose sturgeon . 18
Incidental Take Statement . 20
Amount and Extent of Take Anticipated . 20
Extent of take from 2004-2009 . 22
Extent of take in 2010 and beyond . 23
Reasonable and Prudent Measures . 23
Literature Cited . 24
V. Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous
Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria . 27
Background . 27
Current Status . 27
Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum Criteria
Attainment from Monthly Mean Data . 28
Reference points with respect to depth . 29
Data assemblage and manipulation . 29
Designated use assignments . 36
Findings . 36
Contents
IV
Assessment of 7-Day Mean Criteria Attainment
from Monthly Mean Data Findings . 64
Findings . 66
Literature Cited . 66
VI. Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria for and Assessing Criteria Attainment of Naturally Low Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations in Tidal Wetland
Influenced Estuarine Systems . 67
Natural Conditions/Features Indicating Role of
Wetlands in Low Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations . 68
Surface to volume ratios/large fringing wetland areas . 68
Water quality conditions . 68
Dissolved oxygen/temperature relationships . \ . 71
Low variability in dissolved oxygen concentrations . 71
Approaches for Addressing Naturally Low Dissolved Oxygen
Conditions Due to Tidal Wetlands . 73
Derivation of Site-Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria Factoring in Natural Wetland-Caused Dissolved Oxygen Deficits . 76
Scientific research-based estimates of wetland respiration .... 77
Model-based wetland-caused oxygen deficits . 77
Monitoring-based estimates of wetland-caused oxygen deficits 78
Site-specific dissolved oxygen criteria derivation . 81
Site-specific criteria biological reference curve . 82
Literature Cited . 83
VII. Upper and Lower Pycnocline Boundary Delineation
Methodology . 85
Determination of the Vertical Density Profile . 86
Determination of the Pycnocline Depths . 86
Literature Cited . 87
VIII. Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria
and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages . 89
Water Clarity Criteria Application Periods . 90
Shallow-w ater Habitat Acreages . 91
SAV restoration acreage to shallow-water habitat acreage ratio 91
SAV Restoration Goal Acreages . 92
Determining Attainment of the Shallow-w ater Bay Grass Use . . 93 Literature Cited . 94
IX. Determining Where Numerical Chlorophyll a Criteria Should Apply to Local Chesapeake Bay and
Tidal Tributary Waters . 87
Recommended Methodology . 97
Literature Cited . 99
Appendix A: Wetland Area, Segment Perimenter/Area/Volume
and Water Quality Parameter Statistics for Chesapeake Bay
Tidal Fresh and Oligohaline Segments . 101
Contents
V
Acknowledgments
This addendum to the April 2003 Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity • and Chlorophyll a for Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries was developed and documented through the collaborative efforts of the members of the Chesapeake Bay Program's Water Quality Standards Coordinators Team: Richard Batiuk, U.S. EPA Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office; Joe Beaman, Mary¬ land Department of the Environment; Gregory Hope, District of Columbia Department of Health; Libby Chatfield, West Virginia Environmental Quality Board; Tiffany Crawford, U.S. EPA Region III Water Protection Division; Elleanore Daub, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality; Lisa Huff, U.S. EPA Office of Water; Wayne Jackson, U.S. EPA Region II; James Keating, U.S. EPA Office of Water; Robert Koroncai, U.S. EPA Region III Water Protection Division; Benita Moore, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection; Shah Nawaz, District of Columbia Department of Health; Scott Stoner, New York State Depart¬ ment of Environmental Conservation; David Wolanski, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control; and Carol Young, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.
The individual and collective contributions from members of the Chesapeake Bay Program Office and NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office staff are also acknowledged: Danielle Algazi, U.S. EPA Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office; David Jasinski, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science/Chesapeake Bay Program Office; Marcia Olson, NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office; Gary Shenk, U.S. EPA Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office; and Howard Weinberg, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science/Chesapeake Bay Program Office.
Acknowledgments
1
chapter |
Introduction
In April 2003, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published the Ambient Water Quality > Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chloro¬ phyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries (Regional Criteria Guidance) in cooperation with and on behalf of the six watershed states — New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia and West Virginia — and the District of Columbia. The culmination of three years of work, the Regional Criteria Guidance document was the direct result of the collective contributions of hundreds of regional scientists, technical staff and agency managers and the independent review by recog¬ nized experts across the country.
At the time of publication of the Regional Criteria Guidance document, a number of technical issues still remained to be worked through, resolved and documented. The Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Standards Coordinators Team — water quality stan¬ dards program managers and coordinators from the seven Chesapeake Bay watershed jurisdictions and EPA’s Office of Water, Region 2 and Region 3 — took on the responsibility on behalf of the Chesapeake Bay watershed partners to collectively work through these technical issues. The work on these issues was largely in support of the four jurisdictions with bay tidal waters who were formally adopting the published Chesapeake Bay water quality criteria, designated uses and criteria attain¬ ment procedures into their states’ water quality standards regulations.
This first EPA published addendum to the 2003 Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries documents the resolution of and recommendations for addressing the following technical issues and criteria attainment procedures.
• Guidance to the jurisdictions on where and when to apply the temperature-based open-water 4.3 mg liter1 instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria required to protect the endangered shortnose sturgeon (Chapter 2).
• Key findings published in the Endangered Species Act required EPA shortnose sturgeon biological evaluation of the potential impacts and benefits from publica¬ tion of the Regional Criteria Guidance (Chapter 3).
chapter i
Introduction
2
• Summary of findings, incidental take and recommended reasonable and prudent measures published in the Endangered Species Act required NOAA shortnose sturgeon biological opinion on the potential impacts and benefits from state adop¬ tion of the Regional Criteria Guidance into water quality standards (Chapter 4).
• Guidance to the jurisdictions on when and where attainment of the instantaneous minimum, 1-day mean and 7-day mean dissolved oxygen criteria can be assessed using monthly mean water quality monitoring data (Chapter 5).
• Guidance to the jurisdictions for deriving site-specific dissolved oxygen criteria and assessing criteria attainment of those tidal systems where naturally low dissolved oxygen concentrations are due to extensive adjacent tidal wetlands (Chapter 6).
• Documentation of the methodology for delineating the upper and lower bound¬ aries of the pycnocline used in defining the vertical boundaries between open-water, deep-water and deep-channel designated uses (Chapter 7).
• Updated guidance to the jurisdictions for potential combined application of the numerical water clarity criteria to shallow water habitats and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) restoration goal acreages for defining attainment of the shallow- water bay grass designated use (Chapter 8).
• Guidance to the jurisdictions for determining where numerical chlorophyll a criteria should apply to local Chesapeake Bay and tidal tributary waters (Chapter
9).
Through publication by EPA as a formal addendum to the 2003 Chesapeake Bay Regional Criteria Guidance document, this document should be viewed by readers as supplemental chapters and appendices to the original published Regional Criteria Guidance document. The publication of future addendums by EPA is likely as continued scientific research and management application reveal new insights and knowledge to be incorporated into revisions of state water quality standards regula¬ tions in upcoming triennial reviews.
chapter i
Introduction
3
chapter 1 1
Shortnose Surgeon Temperature Sensitivity Analyses
For water column temperatures greater than 29°C, documented as stressful to short- nose sturgeon, EPA established a Chesapeake Bay open-water dissolved oxygen criterion of 4.3 mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum to protect survival of this listed sturgeon species (U.S. EPA 2003). An investigation was conducted to determine if there were water column habitats within Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries where water column temperatures routinely exceed 29°C. States would need to apply the 4.3 mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criterion in such open- water habitats.
Bottom water temperature data were examined for the June through September period for the years 1996 through 2002 for all Chesapeake Bay tidal water quality monitoring stations throughout the mainstem Bay and tidal tributaries. Observations greater than 29°C at a station were expressed as a percentage of the total number of observations at the station for the 1996 through 2002 summer time period. These percentages were then interpolated and displayed on a map (Figure II- 1). Due to the high density of stations within the District of Columbia’s tidal waters, this region was examined in greater detail (Figure II-2).
Areas with a higher percentage of tidal water temperatures above 29°C were almost exclusively in the tidal fresh and oligohaline regions of the tidal tributaries. The tidal fresh James and Appomattox rivers had the highest percentages with 16^40 percent of the summer bottom water temperatures exceeding 29°C. In the Northeast, Elk, Bohemia, Sassafras, and tidal fresh segmemts of the Chester, Patuxent, Potomac, Rappahannock, Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers, temperatures exceeded 29°C 5-15 percent of the time.
Examining the District of Columbia’s water quality monitoring stations’ bottom temperature data, it appeared that there were some stations with fairly high percent¬ ages of temperatures exceeding the 29°C temperature threshold (Figure II-2). But on closer examination, these stations were infrequently sampled and, therefore, the percentages were misleading. Based on a more strict evaluation of the total number of exceedences by station, it did not appear that elevated bottom water temperatures
chapter ii
Shortnose Sturgeon Temperature Sensitivity Analyses
Temperature Threshhold Violations by Percent Occurence 0%
1-5
mm 6-15
Figure 11-1 . Interpolated percent occurrence of bottom water temperatures greater than 29°C from June-September 1996-2002 at the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program stations. Data were drawn from 48 monitoring cruises over the 7 year period.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter ii
Shortnose Sturgeon Temperature Sensitivity Analyses
5
Figure 11-2. Percent occurrence of bottom water temperatures greater than 29°C from June- September 1996-2002 at the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program stations located in the District of Columbia's tidal waters.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
were high enough to trigger routine application of the 4.3 mg liter 1 instantaneous minimum criterion in District of Columbia tidal waters (Figure II-3).
To further narrow down on those tidal water habitats where the temperature-based 4.3 mg liter 1 instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criterion would likely routinely apply, the baywide data set described previously was examined for the number of bottom water dissolved oxygen concentrations less than 4.3 mg liter1 when the corresponding bottom water temperature exceeded 29°C. Over the summer periods of 1996 through 2002, there were a total of 20 incidences of these two condi¬ tions among 9 stations. Five of the stations were in the Southern Branch Elizabeth River and there was one station each in the tidal fresh segments of the Choptank, Patuxent, and Pamunkey rivers and in the oligohaline segment of the Rappahannock River (Figure II-4).
chapter ii
Shortnose Sturgeon Temperature Sensitivity Analyses
6
Figure 11-3. The number of times the bottom water temperatures were greater than 29°C from June-September 1996-2002 at the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program stations located in the District of Columbia's tidal waters.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
Based on these evaluations, there appear to be no widespread tidal water habitats exceeding the 29°C threshold, thereby requiring routine application of the temperature-based 4.3 mg liter 1 instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria. Jurisdictions are advised to evaluate water column temperatures prior to assessing attainment of the open-water dissolved oxygen criteria to determine if, w'here and when this temperature-based dissolved oxygen criterion should be applied to protect the open-water designated use.
LITERATURE CITED
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen . Water Clarity' and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
chapter ii • Shortnose Sturgeon Temperature Sensitivity Analyses
7
Figure 11-4. Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program stations where both bottom water dissolved oxygen concentrations were less than 4.3 mg liter1 and bottom water temperatures were greater than 29°C from June-September 1996-2002.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter ii
Shortnose Sturgeon Temperature Sensitivity Analyses
chapter hi
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
In November of 2000, EPA initiated a voluntary informal consultation with NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries) under Section 7(a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) for the issuance of guidance for Chesapeake Bay specific water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen, water quality and chlorophyll a. Upon publication of Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity - and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries ( Regional Criteria Guidance) (U.S. EPA 2003a), EPA initiated formal consultation with NOAA Fisheries. At the same time, EPA submitted its final Biological Evalua¬ tion for the Issuance of Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity / and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its Tidal Tributaries (U.S. EPA 2003b) to NOAA Fisheries. This chapter provides a concise summary of key findings published in EPA’s biological evaluation.1
CONSULTATION HISTORY
EPA sent a letter to NOAA Fisheries on November 24, 2000, requesting comments on the list of federally listed threatened or endangered species and/or designated crit¬ ical habitat for listed species under the jurisdiction of NOAA Fisheries. NOAA Fisheries responded in a letter dated January 8, 2001. In this letter, NOAA Fisheries indicated that the endangered and threatened species under its jurisdiction in the vicinity of the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries were: federally threatened loggerhead ( Caretta caretta), and endangered Kemp’s ridley ( Lepidochelys kempii ), green ( Chelonia my das), hawksbill ( Eretmochelys imbricata) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles; federally endangered North Atlantic right
‘The entire biological evaluation document can be viewed and downloaded at: http://www.chesapeakebay.net/pubs/subcommittee/wqsc/BE_final.pdf
chapter iii
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
10
(Eubalaena glacialis), humpback ( Megaptera novaeangliae ), fin ( Balaenoptera physalus), sei ( Balaenoptera borealis ) and sperm (Physter macrocephalas ) whales; and federally endangered shortnose sturgeon ( Acipenser brevi rostrum). In this letter, NOAA Fisheries indicated to EPA that the revised dissolved oxygen criteria should be evaluated for effects on shortnose sturgeon survival, foraging, reproduction and distribution due to the lowering of dissolved oxygen criteria in the Chesapeake Bay.
On December 20, 2002, EPA sent a letter to NOAA Fisheries requesting concurrence with EPA’s conclusion that the proposed criteria and refined designated uses would not adversely affect the listed species under NOAA Fisheries’ jurisdiction. Included with this letter were a Biological Evaluation regarding the shortnose sturgeon and a copy of the draft criteria document. In a January 7, 2003 letter, NOAA Fisheries replied to EPA and indicated that it concurred with EPA’s conclusion as it applied to federally listed sea turtles and marine mammals but that NOAA Fisheries could not concur that the revised dissolved oxygen criteria would not adversely affect short¬ nose sturgeon. NOAA Fisheries provided several comments to EPA on the contents of the biological evaluation regarding the effects of the dissolved oxygen standards on shortnose sturgeon and indicated that EPA should revise the biological evaluation. Subsequent to receiving this letter, NOAA Fisheries and EPA staff communicated informally to revise the contents of the biological evaluation.
In February 2003, several meetings and conference calls took place between EPA and NOAA Fisheries staff. Included in these meetings was a discussion as to how the formal consultation would be conducted. The complicating factor was that while EPA was issuing the Regional Criteria Guidance document as guidance to the states, the states were not obligated to adopt the criteria exactly as outlined in the Regional Criteria Guidance document. It was determined between EPA and NOAA Fisheries staff that a programmatic approach would be taken in developing an appropriate biological opinion. In this scenario, EPA would consult with NOAA Fisheries on the effects of issuing the guidance document to the states and District of Columbia since EPA would evaluate the States and District of Columbia’s revised water quality criteria in light of the Chesapeake Bay specific guidance. Then, when the states had developed their water quality standard regulations and submitted them to EPA, EPA would consult again with NOAA Fisheries on the effects of EPA approving the stan¬ dards proposed by the states. This type of programmatic consultation was particularly appropriate as the pollutant loads from each State and the District of Columbia mix in the Chesapeake Bay and the water quality in the Bay and its tidal tributaries would be a result of the combined pollutant loads from the various states and the District of Columbia. The consultation that is the subject of EPA’s final biological evaluation published April 25, 2003 and NOAA Fisheries final biological opinion dated April 16, 2004 serves as the first in a series of consultations that will take place between EPA and NOAA Fisheries on the effects of EPA’s issuing water quality criteria and approving water quality standards for the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries.
chapter Hi
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
11
In April 2003, EPA published the final Regional Criteria Guidance document. At that time, EPA indicated that it had not made any irreversible or irretrievable commitment of resources that would foreclose the formulation or implementation of any reasonable and prudent alternatives to avoiding jeopardizing endangered or threatened species.
On April 25, 2003, EPA submitted a final Biological Evaluation to NOAA Fisheries along with the published Regional Criteria Guidance and a letter requesting that NOAA Fisheries initiate formal consultation on the effects of the issuance of the dissolved oxygen criteria on shortnose sturgeon. The date April 25, 2003, serves as the initiation of formal consultation on the shortnose sturgeon for the issuance of the Regional Criteria Guidance.
During the formal consultation process, EPA and NOAA Fisheries staff continued to hold discussions regarding the evaluation of the effects of EPA’s regional criteria on the shortnose sturgeon. On October 30, 2003, EPA management and staff traveled to NOAA Fisheries offices in Gloucester, Massachusetts, to provide technical informa¬ tion and background information on the Chesapeake Bay Program’s ambient water quality criteria, designated uses, monitoring program and predictive modeling assessments of water quality conditions of the Bay. Subsequently, communication between the respective staffs continued, through which EPA provided NOAA Fish¬ eries with requested data necessary to complete a determination analysis for the biological opinion. NOAA Fisheries communicated informally to the EPA that it concurred with EPA’s determination that the issuance of the Chesapeake Bay specific criteria would not affect endangered and threatened whales and that the issuance of the criteria for water clarity and chlorophyll a likely would beneficially affect federally listed sea turtles and the endangered shortnose sturgeon. However, NOAA Fisheries indicated that the issuance of the dissolved oxygen criteria may affect shortnose sturgeon and sea turtles. The effect of EPA’s issuance of the ambient water quality criteria on shortnose sturgeon and sea turtles was the subject of the consultation.
BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION FINDINGS
The EPA determined through consultation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service that the only endangered or threat¬ ened species under the NOAA Fisheries jurisdiction in the evaluation area that would potentially be affected was the endangered shortnose sturgeon ( Acipenser brevi- rostrum). All the other federally-listed species within the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries would either not be affected or would be beneficially affected by the issuance of the Regional Criteria Guidance.
The EPA determined that the recommended water clarity criteria would not likely adversely effect the listed species evaluated. Furthermore, the EPA determined that
chapter iii
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
12
the proposed water clarity criteria would beneficially affect preferred habitat, spawning areas and food sources that the listed shortnose sturgeon depends.
The EPA determined that the recommended chlorophyll a criteria would not likely adversely affect the listed species evaluated. Furthermore, the EPA determined that the recommended chlorophyll a criteria would beneficially affect preferred habitat, spawning habitat and food sources on which the listed species depends.
The EPA determined that the collective application of dissolved oxygen criteria for the migratory fish spawning and nursery and open-water fish and shellfish desig¬ nated uses were fully protective of shortnose sturgeon survival and growth for all life stages based on the following:
• The migratory spawning and nursery 6 mg liter-1 7-day mean and 5 mg instanta¬ neous minimum criteria will fully protect spawning shortnose sturgeon. The February 1 through May 3 1 application period for the migratory spawning and nursery criteria fully encompasses the mid-March through mid-May spawning season documented previously from the scientific peer-reviewed literature.
• The individual components of the open-water criteria protect shortnose sturgeon growth (5 mg liter-1 30-day mean), larval recruitment (4 mg liter-1 7-day mean) and survival (3.2 mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum). A 4.3 mg liter-1 instanta¬ neous minimum criterion applies to open waters with temperatures above 29°C considered stressful to shortnose sturgeon.
• The open-water criteria applied to tidal fresh waters include a 5.5 mg liter-1 30-day mean criterion providing extra protection of shortnose sturgeon juveniles inhabiting tidal freshwater habitats.
The EPA determined that adoption of the proposed dissolved oxygen criteria into Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and the District of Columbia’s state water quality stan¬ dards and their eventual attainment would beneficially affect shortnose sturgeon spawning, nursery, juvenile and adult habitats and food sources by driving wide¬ spread nutrient loading reduction actions leading to increased existing ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations. EPA stated that this determination was consistent with and pursuant to Endangered Species Act provisions that the responsible federal agency — EPA in this case — use its authority to further the purpose of protecting threatened and endangered species (see 16 U.S.C. § 1536(a)). EPA also stated that its determination was also consistent with the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Recovery Plan for shortnose sturgeon which recommends working cooperatively with states to promote increased state activities to promote best management prac¬ tices to reduce non-point sources (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 1998).
The EPA determined that adoption, implementation and eventual full attainment of the states’ adopted dissolved oxygen water quality standards would result in signifi¬ cant improvements in dissolved oxygen concentrations throughout the tidal waters to levels last observed consistently more than four to five decades ago in Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries.
chapter iii
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
13
The EPA recognized in the biological evaluation that dissolved oxygen criteria for June through September for the deep-water seasonal fish and shellfish and the deep- channel designated uses were at or below levels that protect shortnose sturgeon. The EPA believed there were strong lines of evidence that shortnose sturgeon historically have not used deep-water and deep-channel designated use habitats during the summer months due to naturally pervasive low dissolved oxygen conditions based on the following:
• Published findings in the scientific literature regarding salinity preferences (tidal fresh to 5 ppt) and salinity tolerances (<15 ppt) clearly indicated shortnose stur¬ geon habitats were unlikely to overlap with the higher salinity deep-water and deep-channel designated use habitats.
• The EPA concluded, based on extensive published scientific findings and in-depth analysis of the 1400 record U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Reward Program data¬ base, that these same deep-water and deep-channel regions have not served as potential habitats for sturgeon during the June through September time period when there is a natural tendency for low dissolved oxygen conditions to occur.
• The EPA recognized the potential limitations of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service data set. However, the EPA believed the significant extent of the capture records — 400 stations and 1400 individuals caught — provided substantial evidence for the lack of a potential conflict between shortnose habitat and seasonally applied deep¬ water and deep-channel designated uses.
The EPA determined that the recommended dissolved oxygen criteria for the refined designated uses would not likely adversely affect the listed species evaluated in this document. Furthermore, the EPA determined that the Chesapeake Bay dissolved oxygen criteria would beneficially affect critical habitat and food sources on which the listed species was dependent.
BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION CONCLUSIONS
Shortnose sturgeon are endangered throughout their entire range (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 2002). According to NOAA, in the Final Biological Opinion for the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit for the Washington Aqueduct, this species exists as 19 separate distinct population segments that should be managed as such. Specifically, the extinction of a single shortnose sturgeon population risks permanent loss of unique genetic information that is crit¬ ical to the survival and recovery of the species (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 2002). The shortnose sturgeon residing in the Chesapeake Bay and its tribu¬ taries form one of the 19 distinct population segments.
Adult shortnose sturgeon are present in the Chesapeake Bay based on the 50 captures via the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Atlantic Sturgeon Reward Program. However, the presence and abundance of all life stages within the evaluation area itself are unknown. Preliminary published scientific evidence suggests that the shortnose
chapter iii
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
14
sturgeon captured in the Chesapeake Bay may be part of the Delaware distinct popu¬ lation segment using the C & D Canal as a migratory passage. However, the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service recommended that more studies utilizing nuclear DNA needed to be conducted before this can be proven conclusively.
Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act and Federal regulations pursuant to section 4(d) of the Endangered Species Act prohibit the take of endangered and threatened species, respectively, without special exemption. ‘Take' is defined as to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct. ‘Harm’ is further defined by NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service to include any act that kills or injures fish or wildlife. Such an act may include significant habitat modification or degradation that actually kills or injures fish or wildlife by significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns including breeding, spawning, rearing, migrating, feeding, or sheltering. ‘Harass’ is defined by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as intentional or negligent actions that create the like¬ lihood of injury to listed species to such an extent as to significantly disrupt normal behavior patterns which include, but are not limited to, breeding, feeding or shel¬ tering. ‘Incidental take’ is defined as take that is incidental to, and not the purpose of, the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity.
The shortnose sturgeon recovery plan further identifies habitat degradation or loss (resulting, for example, from dams, bridge construction, channel dredging, and pollutant discharges) and mortality (resulting, for example, from impingement on cooling water intake screens, dredging and incidental capture in other fisheries) as principal threats to the species’ survival (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 1998). The recovery goal is identified as delisting shortnose sturgeon populations throughout their range, and the recovery objective is to ensure that a minimum popu¬ lation size is provided such that genetic diversity is maintained and extinction is avoided.
Considering the nature of the Regional Criteria Guidance , the effects of the recom¬ mended criteria, and future cumulative effects in the evaluation area, the issuance of Regional Criteria Guidance was not likely to adversely affect the reproduction, numbers, and distribution of the Chesapeake Bay distinct population segment in a way that appreciably reduces their likelihood of survival and recovery in the wild. This contention was based on the following: (1) the adoption of the recommended dissolved oxygen criteria into state water quality standards and subsequent attain¬ ment upon achievement of the Chesapeake Bay watershed’s nutrient loading caps would provide for significant water quality improvements to the tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay (such as the Susquehanna, Gunpowder, and Rappahannock rivers) where the shortnose sturgeon would most likely spawn and spend their first year of life; (2) the main channel of the Chesapeake Bay most likely experienced reductions in dissolved oxygen before large-scale post-colonial land clearance took place, due to natural factors such as climate-driven variability in freshwater inflow; and (3) there was strong evidence that shortnose sturgeon have historically not used
chapter iii
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
15
deep-water and deep-channel designated use habitats during the summer months due to naturally pervasive low dissolved oxygen conditions.
Based on the evaluations conducted in the biological evaluation, EPA concluded that the issuance of the Regional Criteria Guidance would not adversely affect the continued existence of the Chesapeake Bay district population segment of shortnose sturgeon. No critical habitat has been designated for this species and, therefore, none will be affected. In fact, the EPA believed state adoption of the criteria into water quality standards would directly lead to increased levels of suitable habitat for short- nose sturgeon.
LITERATURE CITED
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Serv ice. 1998. Recovery Plan for the Shortnose Sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) . Prepared by the Shortnose Sturgeon Recovery Team for the National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland.
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service. 2002. Final Biological Opinion for the Motional Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit for the Washington Aqueduct. Gloucester, Massachusetts.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003a. Ambient Water Quality' Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen , Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis. Maryland.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003b. Biological Evaluation for the Issuance of Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its Tidal Tributaries. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
chapter iii
Key Findings Published in the EPA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Evaluation
17
cha pter i\/
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
In response to EPA’s submission of a biological evaluation and request for formal consultation under Section 7 (a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act as described in Chapter 2, the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 2004). This chapter provides an extracted summary of key findings, the incidential take statement and recommended reasonable and prudent measures published in NOAA’s biological opinion 2.
CHLOROPHYLL A CRITERIA
NOAA Fisheries determined that the chlorophyll a criteria will beneficially affect the food sources for several species of listed sea turtles and benefit the habitat of shortnose sturgeon and sea turtles (NOAA Fisheries 2004). This is based on the finding that the recommended Chesapeake Bay chlorophyll a criteria provide concentrations characteristic of desired ecological trophic conditions and protective against water quality and ecological impairments (U.S. EPA 2003a). When the chlorophyll a criteria are met, light levels and dissolved oxygen levels in the Chesa¬ peake Bay system should improve (U.S. EPA 2003b). The proposed chlorophyll a concentrations should be protective against these water quality impairments. The criteria should significantly improve water quality conditions in the Bay, particularly for underwater Bay grasses.
WATER CLARITY CRITERIA
NOAA Fisheries determined that shortnose sturgeon and sea turtles are expected to benefit from the improved water quality resulting from the adoption of the proposed
2The entire biological opinion document can be viewed and downloaded at: http://www.chesapeakebay.net/pubs/BONMFS.pdf
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
18
water clarity criteria (NOAA Fisheries 2004). The endangered green sea turtle feeds directly on sea grasses while other sea turtle species feed on shellfish which are dependent on the underwater grasses for habitat. The criteria for water clarity fully support the survival, growth and propagation of balanced, indigenous populations of ecologically important fish and shellfish inhabiting vegetated shallow-water habitats (U.S. EPA 2003b). As the water clarity criteria will lead to increased water quality and an increased forage base for sea turtles, NOAA Fisheries believed that these criteria will beneficially affect listed sea turtles. While shortnose sturgeon are not directly dependent on underwater grasses, these grasses are an important part of the food chain making the protection of bay grasses beneficial to shortnose sturgeon as well.
DISSOLVED OXYGEN CRITERIA
SEA TURTLES
After reviewing the best available information on the status of endangered and threatened species under NOAA Fisheries jurisdiction, the environmental baseline for the action area, the effects of the action, and the cumulative effects, it was NOAA Fisheries’ opinion that the EPA’s approval of the dissolved oxygen criteria for Chesa¬ peake Bay and its tidal tributaries was not likely to adversely affect loggerhead, leatherback, Kemp’s ridley, green, or hawksbill sea turtles. Because no critical habitat is designated in the action area, none will be affected by the project.
NOAA Fisheries believed that the dissolved oxygen criteria would beneficially affect endangered and threatened sea turtles that may be present in the Chesapeake Bay. Loggerhead, Kemps ridley, leatherback and green sea turtles are likely to be present in the action area. The occurrence of a hawksbill turtle in the area would be a rare occurrence. The effect of the dissolved oxygen levels on juvenile and adult turtles have been assessed. As turtles are air breathers, there are not likely to be any direct effects to sea turtles as a result of these dissolved oxygen criteria. As the dissolved oxygen conditions in the Bay were expected to continually improve over the next several years until the nutrient and sediment enrichment goals were met, NOAA Fisheries anticipated that as habitat conditions improve in the Bay and habitat was restored, there would be an increased forage base for sea turtles.
SHORTNOSE STURGEON
NOAA Fisheries determined that the water clarity and chlorophyll a criteria were expected to improve water quality conditions in the Bay and its tidal tributaries, beneficially affecting all native species of the Bay including shortnose sturgeon (NOAA Fisheries 2004). While the dissolved oxygen levels authorized by this set of criteria may result in some short-term adverse effects to shortnose sturgeon, no chronic or lethal effects were expected.
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
19
In addition, NOAA Fisheries determined that the adoption of the dissolved oxygen criteria would result in significantly improved water quality conditions in the Bay, elimination of anoxic zones and the improvement in the quality and quantity of habitat available to shortnose sturgeon as well as improving the chances for recovery of the Chesapeake Bay population of shortnose sturgeon and the long term sustain¬ ability of this population (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 2004).
This determination was based on the following conclusions:
• The effects of the ambient water quality criteria for the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries have been analyzed on the Chesapeake Bay population of short¬ nose sturgeon. While the dissolved oxygen levels authorized by this set of criteria may result in some short-term adverse effects to shortnose sturgeon through displacement or other behavioral or physiological adjustments, no chronic effects are expected. No lethal effects are expected as a result of the dissolved oxygen criteria and significant protections are being provided to essential habitats including deep water, spawning and nursery habitats.
• The adoption of the dissolved oxygen criteria will result in significantly improved water quality conditions in the Bay, elimination of anoxic zones and the improve¬ ment in the quality and quantity of habitat available to shortnose sturgeon as well as improving the chances for shortnose sturgeon recovery in the Bay and improving the likelihood of long-term sustainability of this population.
• NOAA Fisheries believes that the issuance of these criteria, as currently stated, would not reduce the reproduction, numbers and distribution of the Chesapeake Bay shortnose sturgeon population or the species as a whole in a way that appre¬ ciably reduces the likelihood of the species’ survival and recovery in the wild. This conclusion was supported by the following: (1) no lethal takes of any life stage of shortnose sturgeon are anticipated to occur; (2) the demonstrated ability of shortnose sturgeon to avoid hypoxic areas and move to areas with suitable dissolved oxygen levels; (3) the availability of adequate habitat with not only suitable temperature, salinity and depth, but suitable dissolved oxygen levels; (4) the seasonal nature of the anticipated effects (i.e., no effects anticipated from October 1-May 3 1 of any year); (5) adequate protection of essential spawning and nursery areas protecting not only spawning adults but eggs and larvae from hypoxic conditions; (6) the elimination of anoxic areas within the Bay; (7) a large portion of the deep-water areas have low temperatures and adequate dissolved oxygen levels allowing shortnose sturgeon to be less dependent on the deepest areas of the Chesapeake Bay (deep-channels) for thermal refiigia; and (8) the significant improvement in Bay water quality conditions and increased avail¬ ability of suitable habitat for all life stages of shortnose sturgeon.
As such, it was NOAA Fisheries’ biological opinion that the approval of these criteria by EPA may adversely affect the Chesapeake Bay population of endangered shortnose sturgeon through displacement to suboptimal habitat or other behavioral and metabolic responses to hypoxic conditions but was not likely to jeopardize the
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
continued existence of the Chesapeake Bay population of shortnose sturgeon or the species as a whole (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 2004).
INCIDENTAL TAKE STATEMENT
Section 9 of the ESA and Federal regulations pursuant to section 4(d) of the ESA prohibit the take of endangered and threatened species, respectively. “Incidental take” is defined as take that is incidental to, and not the purpose of, the carrying out of an otherwise lawful activity (50 CFR 402.02). Under the terms of section 7(b)(4) and section 7(o)(2) of the ESA, taking that is incidental to and not intended as part of the agency action is not considered to be prohibited under the ESA provided that such taking is in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Incidental Take Statement.
According to the EPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries {Regional Criteria Guidance ), the goal of this program is that states will adopt water quality standards consistent with the Regional Criteria Guidance and further imple¬ ment those water quality standards so that nutrient and sediment load reductions will be achieved by 2010. At that time, EPA expects that the dissolved oxygen criteria will be met for all designated uses. This Incidental Take Statement accounts for take that will occur before the 2010 goals are met and after the goals are met. Unless NOAA Fisheries revokes, modifies or replaces this Incidental Take Statement, this Incidental Take Statement is valid for as long as the EPA’s guidance document remains in effect (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service 2004). When the States and the District of Columbia seek EPA approval of their dissolved oxygen criteria, NOAA Fisheries will verify at that time that EPA's approval of the state water quality criteria will also be subject to this programmatic take statement. At that time, NOAA Fisheries may revise this Incidental Take Statement based on a particular State’s implementation plan, for example to include additional terms and conditions to mini¬ mize the likelihood of take.
AMOUNT AND EXTENT OF TAKE ANTICIPATED
The proposed action is reasonably certain to result in incidental take of shortnose sturgeon. NOAA Fisheries stated it is reasonably certain the incidental take described here will occur because (1) shortnose sturgeon are known to occur in the action area; and (2) shortnose sturgeon are known to be adversely affected by low dissolved oxygen levels as low dissolved oxygen levels cause them to avoid areas, increase surfacing behavior, and undergo metabolic changes. Based on the evalua¬ tion of the best available information on shortnose sturgeon and their use of the Chesapeake Bay, NOAA Fisheries has concluded that the issuance of the dissolved oxygen criteria for seasonal deep water, deep channel and open water aquatic life
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
21
uses was likely to result in take of shortnose sturgeon in the form of harassment of shortnose sturgeon, where habitat conditions (i.e., dissolved oxygen levels below those protective of shortnose sturgeon) will temporarily impair normal behavior patterns of shortnose sturgeon (NO A A National Marine Fisheries 2004). This harassment will occur in the form of avoidance or displacement from preferred habitat and behavioral and/or metabolic compensations to deal with short-term hypoxic conditions. Neither lethal takes (see below) nor harm are anticipated in any Bay area due to the extent of available habitat in the Bay with dissolved oxygen levels protective of shortnose sturgeon and the demonstrated ability of shortnose sturgeon to avoid hypoxic areas and move to areas with suitable dissolved oxygen levels. Shortnose sturgeon displaced from hypoxic areas were expected to seek and find suitable alternative locations within the Bay. While shortnose sturgeon may experience temporary impairment of essential behavior patterns, no significant impairment resulting in injury (i.e., “harm”) was likely due to: the temporary nature of any effects, the large amount of suitable habitat with adequate dissolved oxygen levels, and the ability of shortnose sturgeon to avoid hypoxic areas.
As outlined in the Biological Opinion, generally shortnose sturgeon are adversely affected upon exposure to dissolved oxygen levels of less than 5mg liter 1 and lethal effects are expected to occur upon even moderate exposure to dissolved oxygen levels of less than 3.2mg liter-1. Because dissolved oxygen levels are known to be affected by various natural conditions (e.g., tides, hurricanes or other weather events including abnormally dry or wet years) beyond the control of EPA or the States and District of Columbia and can fluctuate greatly within any given period of time, a monthly average dissolved oxygen level has been determined to be the best measure of this habitat condition within the Bay. As indicated in the Biological Opinion, an area that achieves a 5mg liter-1 monthly average will also achieve at least a 3.2mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen level. As shortnose sturgeon are reasonably certain to be adversely affected by dissolved oxygen conditions below these levels, these levels can be used as a surrogate for take. As such, for puiposes of this Incidental Take Statement areas failing to meet a 5mg liter-1 monthly average of dissolved oxygen will be a surrogate for take of shortnose sturgeon. As noted above, this take is likely to occur in the form of avoidance or displacement from preferred habitat and behavioral and/or metabolic compensations to deal with short¬ term hypoxic conditions (defined as harassment in this situation). The amount of habitat failing to meet an instantaneous minimum of 3.2mg liter-1 could be used as a surrogate for lethal take of shortnose sturgeon; however, due to limitations of the model developed by EPA (U.S. EPA 2003c), the amount of habitat failing to reach a 3.2mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum could not be modeled. However, an analysis of the likelihood of lethal take can be based on the amount of habitat failing to reach a 3mg liter -1 monthly average (which would also likely be failing to meet a 3.2mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum). While a small portion of the Bay will fail to meet the 3 mg liter-1 monthly average, shortnose sturgeon are likely to be able to avoid these areas. Lethal effects are only expected to occur after at least 2-4 hours of expo¬ sure to dissolved oxygen levels of less than 3.2mg liter-1, and this is not likely to
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
22
occur given the mobility of shortnose sturgeon and the availability of suitable habitat. Therefore, no lethal take is expected to occur.
The probability of lack of attainment of dissolved oxygen levels protective of short- nose sturgeon when the 2010 sediment and nutrient reduction goals are met has been modeled by EPA (U.S. EPA 2003c) and was the basis for determining the extent of take anticipated. As such, take levels can be determined for each of the designated uses where take is anticipated (open water, deep-water and deep-channel). As indi¬ cated in the biological opinion, take is likely to occur only in the summer months (June 1-September 30). Based on the analysis documented in the accompanying biological opinion, the area of the Bay designated uses that fail to meet a 5mg liter1 monthly average dissolved oxygen level can be used as a surrogate for take of short- nose sturgeon by harassment. As shortnose sturgeon are benthic fish, the modeling runs done for the bottom layer of the Bay have been used to determine the extent of take. To further refine this analysis, the “tolerate” habitat threshold has been used; that is, the estimate of area that will have temperatures <28°C, salinity <29 ppt and depth <25 meters which can be reasonably expected to be the areas of the Bay where shortnose sturgeon may be present in the summer months (U.S. EPA 2003c).
Despite the use of the best available scientific and commercial data, NOAA Fisheries cannot quantify the precise number of fish that are likely to be taken. Because both the distribution of shortnose sturgeon throughout the Bay and the numbers of fish that are likely to be in an area at any one time are highly variable, and because inci¬ dental take is indirect and likely to occur from effects to habitat, the amount of take resulting from harassment is difficult, if not impossible, to estimate. In addition, because shortnose sturgeon are aquatic species who spend the majority of their time on the bottom and because shortnose sturgeon are highly mobile while foraging in the summer months, the likelihood of discovering take attributable to this proposed action is very limited. In such circumstances, NOAA Fisheries uses a surrogate to estimate the extent of take. The surrogate must be rationally connected to the taking and provide an obvious threshold of exempted take which, if exceeded, provides a basis for reinitiating consultation. For this proposed action, the spatial and temporal extent of the area failing to meet dissolved oxygen standards protective of shortnose sturgeon provides a surrogate for estimating the amount of incidental take.
EXTENT OF TAKE FROM 2004-2009
Using data provided by EPA, the extent of take occurring from the time of the adop¬ tion of the guidance3 could be estimated. As habitat conditions in the Bay are expected to improve over time as interim measures are achieved before the 2010 goals are met, it is reasonable to assume that this surrogate level of take will decrease
3Adoption of the guidance by the states and District of Columbia and approval by EPA is expected to occur in 2004 and 2005.
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
over time. Using the EPA model of dissolved oxygen conditions in 2000 in the bottom layer of habitat that was rated “tolerate” (see above) the following conditions were observed:
23
Designated Use |
Percent of area failing to meet 5mg liter1 monthly averaqe 2004-2009 (see U.S. EPA 2003c) |
Open Water |
9.2 |
Deep Water |
47.3 |
Deep Channel |
78.3 |
Each year in the summer months, no more than the above percentages of the partic¬ ular designated use areas were expected to fail to meet a 5 mg liter1 monthly average dissolved oxygen level between 2004 and 2009. The extent of take would be limited to those percentages of each designated use area in the Bay. As such, for the period 2004 through 2009, NOAA Fisheries would consider take to have been exceeded when upon review of the annual monitoring data, NOAA Fisheries was able to determine that for the preceding summer, the dissolved oxygen data for any 30 days during the June 1 -September 30 time frame indicate that any of the desig¬ nated use area failed to meet the above goals.
EXTENT OF TAKE IN 2010 AND BEYOND
Using the EPA model, the extent of take anticipated in 2010 and beyond can be determined. Using the EPA model of dissolved oxygen conditions anticipated when the 2010 nutrient and sediment reduction goals were met and using the bottom layer of habitat that is rated “tolerate” (see above) the following conditions were anticipated:
Designated Use |
Percent of area failing to meet 5mg liter1 monthly average 2010 and beyond (see U.S. EPA 2003c) |
Open Water |
5.7 |
Deep Water |
33.0 |
Deep Channel |
65.9 |
As conditions were expected to be improving over time, no more than the above percentages of the particular habitats were expected to fail to meet a 5mg liter 1 monthly average dissolved oxygen level in 2010 and beyond. As such, for the period of 2010 and beyond, NOAA Fisheries will consider take to have been exceeded when upon review of the annual monitoring data, NOAA Fisheries was able to deter¬ mine that for the preceding summer, the dissolved oxygen data for any 30 days during the June 1-September 30 time frame indicate that any of the designated use area failed to meet the above goals.
REASONABLE AND PRUDENT MEASURES
Reasonable and prudent measures are those measures necessary and appropriate to minimize incidental take of a listed species. For this particular action, however, it is
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
24
not possible to design reasonable and prudent measures that are necessary and appropriate to minimize take, because the best available science has demonstrated that the EPA criteria are the limit of feasibility based on current technology. The purpose of the reasonable and prudent measure below is to monitor environmental conditions in the Bay and to monitor the level of take associated with this action. In order to monitor the level of incidental take, monitoring of dissolved oxygen and accompanying temperature conditions in the Bay must be completed each summer.
In order to be exempt from the prohibitions of section 9 of the ESA, the EPA must comply with the following terms and conditions, which implement the reasonable and prudent measure described above and outline the required reporting require¬ ments. These terms and conditions are non-discretionary.
1. By April 1 of each year (beginning in 2005), EPA shall provide an annual report to NOAA Fisheries outlining the progress towards nutrient and sediment load reductions, including a discussion of any best management practices or other strategies put in place to achieve the target nutrient and sediment load reductions.
2. EPA shall continue using the results of the Chesapeake Bay Interpolator to extrapolate measured data to assess water quality conditions in the Bay. The Chesapeake Bay Interpolator extrapolates water quality concentrations throughout the Chesapeake Bay and/or tributary rivers from water quality meas¬ ured at point locations. The purpose of the Interpolator is to assess water quality concentrations at all locations in the 3 -dimensional water volume or as a 2- dimensional layer. The results from the Interpolator will be used by EPA to develop an annual report (see below).
3. By April 1 of each year (beginning in 2005), EPA shall provide an annual report to NOAA Fisheries on water quality conditions in the Bay, including tempera¬ ture, dissolved oxygen, depth and salinity. The data provided will express actual monitoring data in volumetric figures (cubic kilometers) as well as bottom habitat area (squared kilometers) extrapolated from the Chesapeake Bay Inter¬ polator. This report should include information on the percent of each designated use that failed to meet the 5mg liter-1 monthly average for June, July, August and September of the preceding year.
By April 30, 2010, EPA shall submit a report to NOAA Fisheries assessing the dissolved oxygen condition in the Bay which highlights the dissolved oxygen condi¬ tions in the Bay during the June 1 -September 30 time frame for each of the years 2004 through 2009. In this report, EPA will determine the percent of each designated use that failed to attain a 5mg liter-1 monthly average. Included in this report will be an analysis of the likely causes of failures (i.e., weather events, point sources).
LITERATURE CITED
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service. 2004. National Marine Fisheries Ser\'ice Endan¬ gered Species Act Biological Opinion— Ambient Water Quality 1 Criteria for Dissolved
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
25
Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. F/NER/2003/00961 . Northeast Region, Gloucester. Massachusetts.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003a. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity > and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Region Ill Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003b. Biological Evaluation for the Recommended Ambient Water Quality > Criteria and Designated Uses for the Chesapeake Bay and its Tidal Waters Under the Clean Water Act Section 1 17. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003c. Unpublished Analysis of Shortnose Sturgeon Habitat Quality Preferences under Monitoring Program Observed data from 1985-1994 and Water Quality Modeling Estimated Water Quality Conditions for 2010. Region III Chesa¬ peake Bay Program Office. Annapolis, Maryland.
chapter iv
Key Findings Published in the NOAA ESA Shortnose Sturgeon Biological Opinion
27
chapter \/
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
BACKGROUND
As published in the Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries (U.S. EPA 2003), it is accepted that concentration minima need to be defined, which if exceeded for some defined (short) duration result in lethal or other adverse effects. Instantaneous minimum criteria have been derived and published for protection of each of the five tidal water designated uses. A 1 -day mean dissolved oxygen crite¬ rion was also determined to be necessary for the protection of the deep-water designated use. In addition, a 7-day mean criterion has been derived for protection of the open-water designated use (U.S. EPA 2003).
However, it is also acknowledged that assessing the attainment status of these criteria requires data collections at temporal and spatial scales that are simply not practicable nor sustainable across all Chesapeake Bay and tidal tributary waters. To address this issue, there are ongoing efforts to develop statistical methods to estimate attainment of these dissolved oxygen criteria using a synthesis of: 1) seasonal and inter-annual patterns found in the long term, low-frequency, spatially-limited monitoring data; 2) the short-term patterns of temporal variability found in high-frequency, spatially uneven ‘buoy’ data; and 3) the small-interval patterns of variability observed in data records generated through the ‘data-flow’ and ‘scan-fish’ sampling devices.
CURRENT STATUS
These methods are in the exploratory and trial application phases. However, we can still address the question of how best to assess attainment of these criteria given the almost two-decade record of dissolved oxygen concentrations for Chesapeake Bay tidal waters. First, there are some Chesapeake Bay Program segments, such as the deep-channel mid-Chesapeake Bay mainstem segments and the lower Potomac
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
28
River, whose hypoxic/anoxic conditions are of long standing and whose dynamics are well enough understood to be modeled mathematically and relatively precisely. There are other segments that have long term monthly and twice monthly dissolved oxygen concentration records whose station coverage is considered to represent the whole segment adequately or at least areas most likely to have dissolved oxygen concentrations below saturation levels. The Chesapeake Bay Program partners have previously demonstrated (see Chesapeake Bay Dissolved Oxygen Goal for Restora¬ tion of Living Resource Habitats ; Jordan et al. 1992) that relatively good predictive models can be developed for segments that suffer hypoxia at some regular frequency and so far have demonstrated no long term trend in dissolved oxygen concentrations. These models produce estimates of the percent of time the segment depth is below some specified concentration. These monitoring data-based models reflect only daytime measurements, but can be enhanced (and validated) by the in-situ contin¬ uous records from the buoy deployments.
The remaining segments not characterized above are those segments where the long¬ term fixed monitoring stations, sampled on a monthly to twice-monthly basis, do not well represent dissolved oxygen conditions elsewhere in the segment. Typically these segments have a moderately deep channel with flanking nearshore areas of significant size. In these segments, tidal pulses from downstream, inflows from upstream, and local land-based influences vary in their dominance, and the current long-term water quality monitoring data do not capture ephemeral events or the near¬ shore conditions very well. The new shallow water monitoring component of the larger Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program is designed to generate the additional data necessary to assess criteria attainment in these segments. The Chesapeake Bay Program partners are now accumulating such data for a growing number of Chesapeake Bay Program segments.
ASSESSMENT OF INSTANTANEOUS MINIMUM CRITERIA ATTAINMENT FROM MONTHLY MEAN DATA
By overlaying information from the buoy data about diurnal variability and the frequency of common hypoxic events, such as those caused by phytoplankton bloom respiration and decay, pycnocline tilting, etc., on top of the long-term fixed-station monitoring data record, we can better understand the relationship between attain- ment/non-attainment of the 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum criteria. The reader should keep several things in mind. The temporal record of the long-term, fixed-station monitoring program is considered “low-frequency” relative to the high frequency record of the “continuous” data record from the buoy deployments. The available continuous records chronicle a few days to months of a single year. Each measurement is closely related to the previous and next measurement, providing a detailed record of the dissolved oxygen response to the specific conditions of that period. These buoy data records are measuring conditions at a single fixed point in the water column, usually about a meter off the bottom in these data sets. The sensors
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
29
are fixed, but the water mass moves past, back and forth with the tide and the various complexities of the local riverine and estuarine circulation. The majority of the avail¬ able buoy data were collected through buoy deployments that were sited using stratified random design considerations or to answer location-specific questions, but not directly to address the relationship between instantaneous minimum and monthly mean concentrations.
In contrast, the long term monitoring program includes a vast network of stations sited specifically to represent overall water quality conditions of the 78 Chesapeake Bay Program segments. The low-frequency monitoring record captures a snapshot of conditions only once or twice a month, but that series of snapshots now extends over an 19-year period and is ongoing. Each snapshot consists of synoptic measurements forming a relatively dense three-dimensional spatial data grid. The grid is formed horizontally by the network of mainstem and tidal tributary monitoring stations and vertically by the dissolved oxygen profiles measured at 1- to 2-meter intervals from water column surface to bottom water-sediment interface. A single summer ‘snap¬ shot cruise' typically includes over a thousand individual dissolved oxygen concentration measurements.
REFERENCE POINTS WITH RESPECT TO DEPTH
Dissolved oxygen levels are strongly related to depth, bathymetry, and flow and circulation patterns. Table V-l provides information that helps to decide how repre¬ sentative the long-term fixed-station monitoring data and the continuous buoy data records are of their respective Chesapeake Bay Program segment. Table V-l presents segment volume, the depth of the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Program moni¬ toring station(s) in the segment, and the segment-wide bottom depth distribution i.e., maximum depth, the depth encompassing 90 percent, 75 percent, 50 percent (the median) and 25 percent of the bottom depths, as well as the minimum depth.
DATA ASSEMBLAGE AND MANIPULATION
Table V-2 lists the 147 continuous buoy data sets available for analysis through the Chesapeake Information Management System (partner network of Chesapeake Bay data and information servers), latitude/longitude location information, the time interval between measurements, the total duration of deployment, water depth and depth of the sensor at the site and in what depth category the sensor depth falls, based on the depth distributions listed in Table V-l. The list of data sets has been categorized according to Chesapeake Bay Program segment so that it is obvious which segments have or do not have such high frequency information available for evaluating and establishing the 30- day mean and instantaneous minimum concentration relationship.
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7 -Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
30
H3
CO
<u
ro
<L>
Q.
ro
to
<D
-C
u
*o
c
fU
wo
+->
C
c;
E
CD
d»
i/l
E
ru
CD
O
>s
03
CQ
<P
05
0^
Q.
03
wo
<U
SZ
U
to
C
o
'+->
_Q
T3
1o
0>
CU
E
u
io
13
o>
O
wo
C
O
03
+-'
wo
E
03
C
o
3 o
<U CL
E CD
J3 C
5 o
*o c
03
W_ >N
o» .p +-> — 0> 03
£ o5
g-g
Q i>
>
_a;
.O
,03
M
55
Si _
= T
s-s
— mm
E ®
cj
2 o
.“2 ^
’■5 "Z c .5
c s - o
II
O t:
IT/
N
a.
s
.2
*5
Cj
vr,
o
o
a.
^ si o fib.
£ §
o
a. s
£0 Si ZJ
U £
m
<N
O' |
O) |
||||||
K |
rN |
||||||
O'’ |
|||||||
F— < |
|||||||
O' O'’ |
p |
rn |
|||||
<n |
|||||||
NO |
|||||||
rN |
rN |
||||||
rN |
O'" |
i-1 |
|||||
NO |
|||||||
rd |
NO |
oc |
|||||
tN |
“ |
1 |
|||||
<N |
F— T |
r-’ |
|||||
vO |
K |
O' |
o |
||||
rN |
rN |
O'’ |
rN |
||||
oc |
|||||||
<N |
o |
p |
|||||
DC |
O |
rN |
r- |
||||
DC |
CN| |
m |
rN |
Cv |
|||
ON |
in |
<N |
ro |
in |
rj |
||
co |
tN |
rN |
rsi |
«n |
id |
||
F-M |
ro |
rN |
T— |
||||
v© |
|||||||
r |
ro |
ro |
t-- |
ro |
|||
*0 |
ro |
(N |
(N |
*n |
d |
||
sd |
(N |
ro |
rN |
||||
«n
in
no
ro
tN
in rg ^ o in tN — in
DC
iC VI X
rN |
tN |
Tf |
||||||||||||||||
_ |
00 |
p |
•n |
|||||||||||||||
nC |
O' |
rd |
N- |
O' |
||||||||||||||
ro |
1 |
oc |
**— |
OC |
O'’ |
|||||||||||||
tN |
r~' |
tN |
■^r |
r-’ |
ro |
|||||||||||||
ot; ro |
— |
— |
r-’ |
rN |
nO |
nO~ |
ro sd |
|||||||||||
»— |
ro |
nO |
||||||||||||||||
r- |
,, |
IA) |
tN |
O' |
ro |
cc |
iA) |
1— H |
||||||||||
o |
o |
NO |
ro |
o O |
O) |
o’ |
ro |
p |
d |
On |
•*? |
rN |
»n |
O |
d |
|||
ro |
NO |
(N |
sC |
04 |
00 |
NO |
ro |
NO |
||||||||||
— (NMOfOOfOO - — —
(N > — tN ■ — — — — ■ — rN — — — cm tN — — rN
tN
CN i — tN < — <N
fS ro 't h t — wiiC'O — — (N — rO(NrO(N(Nr^(N •(N'tro — — rO'/irorO'tmronrOfNrOfOvO
of it, h - ocC'i'-tNtNCNtNinminTtmmit
m dc in ’ — (N t; x in -f in ro ici of in iti Cf
r-~
rN
<n in r, n x -t c in, -t in
inrot^-nr'^h-o
\OiCinhiOhhro
inotfONOiof h
- — <n m Tf ■ — fO (N
>n, 't ro of -£ 1^ m, x mi m, x
— r- O
— m cn
(N PT
m o
m cn|
x^ttroroNininxMin
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O’ |
o |
o |
o |
in |
o |
OC |
o |
ro |
>n |
* |
CO |
o |
o |
oc |
o |
||||||
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
lO/ |
lO/ |
o |
r~~ |
o |
o |
ro |
O' |
04 |
* |
DC |
p |
SO) |
o |
in |
rp |
ro |
OC |
|||
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
04 |
04 |
o |
m |
lo |
>n |
o |
ro |
m |
O' |
oc |
>n |
tN |
||||||||
o |
O' |
— |
SO |
ro |
ro |
04 |
in |
rN |
— |
NO |
ro |
r- |
o |
o |
*— |
r- |
» — ■ |
04 |
O' |
(N |
04 |
O^ |
ro |
|||||
sC |
ro |
o |
ro |
»— |
O |
04 |
O |
04 |
tN |
lOi |
r- |
nO |
04 |
tN |
tN |
o |
oc |
m |
lO) |
|||||||||
ro |
04 |
ro |
04 |
lO) |
i n |
f— |
m, |
or |
oc |
O' |
||||||||||||||||||
<— |
04 |
O' |
sC |
ro |
ro |
uo |
--_oococoooooo (nocmocmmoimoco
incfioitforoioioin m in x io «n m tN no
o
rN
o
in
r-~-
o
o
Tf
r t —
H02
— rN m
X X X
XXX
cl cl a.
of in ic h x _
cacomcomcQcQcoc/oD
uooooooocoo
o§oo5(isl^
tZqu^>dqh
<r ^ tti
xix
X X
< <:
CO CL
tu O
co co
“p CO
5 £
P-H C ^
5 CO
X -1- r, tc I I
o ^ i~ p h O 2 XXh^bhh <<0^x00
CL CL d 0- 2 a. CL
"T“ 1C *-p U- Ljx IC
&o|s*£oho2£
D-CLCLQiNaac^^DCDi
Qicda;Ua.22cLCL>->-
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
31
CO
m
„ |
r- |
»— |
c^i |
© |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
T_r |
o |
r_ |
c4 |
rsi |
(N |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
O |
*—• |
*— |
. |
i/S |
p |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
. |
r- |
,, |
tj- |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
■p |
r- |
SO |
O' |
(N |
IT) |
tr. |
m |
— |
o |
oc |
||||||||||||||||||
<N |
o |
oc |
(N |
On |
<N |
•p |
l/S |
© |
CO |
oc |
CN |
*0 |
m |
© |
<N C |
(N |
UO |
CO |
— ^ O |
<n |
’ — cn |
o |
c |
|||||
— |
vd |
On |
m |
’ — |
oc |
* — |
• rsi |
*— |
(N |
*— |
t-~‘ |
• <h |
' — |
• oc |
— m |
— |
■ c |
«/S |
* Tf 00* |
<h |
uS o |
• >h |
<N |
(N(N — — — — (N — (N — <N — - CO — — <N — — >— — — (N (N — (N(N(N — — — — — — — — — — — — CN
V'i'C(N't,t/1X(Nr''t^(NOMMXr-li'Tfr'iri'CvCfri IT, Ti'r,
occ,'coiOi©r'~coco
M r, r> (N C M O' O' T, h X h Vi xC ri IT, vC r, 'J r, Tf i- r,
(NVI'tO'MiO'-'fl'-XMMhMn’-'OOMXO'X'tMhirih
cm <N — ■ — — <N — — — — — — — m — — <N —
C O' I — (N
oo o oo
O' co co
OX- © O O O — n C O' O' o in . — ir, iri T, C C n h t co co in cm _ __ xh^-Oh'Cr,n- •rf OO co cj- t''- co fN in sO co (N © ■ ■«$•
©©©©OOCromOOcom©© mOcoOinocor-'inintNCNiino in — © <n — n x m n — t^o vO'Cth-tf'lXifuCTi^'O'O . — (N (N ■ — O X (N in O' —
« — 't O' (NO'
inMO-CiniNCNhOCO (NsOO^OO(N^t»nOTfO>00 ocinco©int^-sOC'co^j-oc^© C x it o in x — in —
<n — — mo
^fcS^^^i^Z^Q = SS^^^OOOOlO^ZZZuZ|buUZ
2^<^U^^^wWU-lWJZUCQUJ(/)UUUUJ(JUUU-lIti-ZZZ>2p3D.CLQ.h
ru-J^UtuI^u.
(N —
X X 3C ^
X U.
X E 1 1
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
** = No bathymetry data available. Estimated volume is based on the count of Chesapeake Bay Interpolator cells of dimension 1 kilometer x 1 kilometer x 1 meter.
32
<D
TO
CU
Q. ru ici (U JZ |
C3 |
c 3 |
Cl < |
Cl < |
Cl < |
~3 j— |
"O Sm iS |
T3 k> ,_o |
EP 3 X |
£P 3 X |
< CL |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
r> < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
X < |
||||||
u |
2 |
3 C/3 |
c CT3 |
c ^3 |
f— 5 |
o •— |
O k- |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
>1 X! |
X |
X |
X |
00 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|||||||
i/) 02 |
u |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
fO |
O C/3 |
Q. |
- i/ |
00 |
i— |
00 |
O |
o |
r~ |
O' |
— |
CN |
vO |
vO |
in |
o |
m |
m |
m |
in |
o |
r~ |
CM |
r- |
CM |
■ — - |
"T" |
>n |
3T |
o |
in |
G |
oc |
|||||||
3 |
c o |
O |
O |
oc |
CM |
O' |
sO |
O' |
rn |
« — |
vC |
*n |
OC |
oc |
O' |
— |
sC |
O' |
c- |
vO |
. — |
- - |
o |
- - - |
— |
o |
G |
csi |
ci |
>h |
•^r |
csi |
rn |
|||||||
-D L. |
C/3 |
G |
E_ |
CM |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
__ _ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
15 |
U |
00 |
*— |
oc |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
m |
vO |
vC |
m |
o |
m |
m |
m |
m |
o |
r- |
CM |
r- |
CM |
o |
cr |
in |
'T |
o |
in |
G |
oc |
|||||||
4^ |
rC |
c. |
— |
Cl' |
m |
tri |
1— |
m |
r- |
. — |
O'" |
O' |
o |
csi |
t'- |
o |
in |
oc |
csi |
csi |
- - |
CM |
csi |
i — |
r- |
rn |
in |
rn |
vd |
mi |
m |
|||||||||
to 4-^ |
f- |
a |
E_ |
Csl |
■ |
' |
■ |
' |
CM |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
~o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
c 03 |
15 |
e/5 0/ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
>i 03 CO |
- |
■w |
in |
%Ti |
in |
in |
>n |
m |
<r, |
<n |
o |
G |
o |
o |
o |
in |
m> |
in |
in |
in |
in |
in |
o |
o |
in |
m |
<n |
>n |
»n |
>n |
m |
in |
>n |
»n |
||||||
o |
S |
nj |
Csl |
m |
m |
m |
*“ |
*“ |
m |
m |
m |
r“ |
T“^ |
y~~t |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
qj |
c |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 0) Q_ |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 to |
O' |
*— |
m |
oc |
oc |
cc |
oc |
r^- |
oc |
Csl |
m, |
Csl |
m |
C4 |
CM |
CM |
CM |
m |
i— |
G |
G |
m |
co |
CO |
m |
m |
m |
m |
rn |
m |
||||||||||
- |
CNl |
CN |
<N |
oc |
oc |
r- |
in |
’ — |
in |
— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
01 |
2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JZ |
a |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 |
— |
r-~ |
r~- |
00 |
oc |
oc |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
M— |
O' |
O' |
O' |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
Q\ |
O' |
O' |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
|||||||
to |
QS |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
Qs |
0s |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
|||||||
02 |
r |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
00 |
o |
• |
oc |
CM |
<N |
Csl |
vO |
o |
oc |
O' |
r- |
vC |
vC |
oc |
o |
r- |
— |
G |
o |
G |
vO |
C' |
m |
G |
m |
m |
m |
m |
G |
|||||||||||
03 +-1 03 |
Star |
Dati |
m |
CM >0 |
X |
ir. |
4— * C/3 |
Csl |
« c |
Csl O |
Cs| >s |
Z5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
z: |
4—* C/3 |
1/5 |
t?5 |
CNl 75 |
C/3 |
CM 4—* C/3 |
C/3 3 |
4—* C/3 |
4—* C/3 |
4— < C/3 |
•k- C/3 |
4— * C^ |
(N 4— > C/3 |
4—» C/3 3 |
4-* C/3 |
CM >> |
|||||||||
13 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
_ |
or |
on |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
— i |
on |
3 |
on |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
on |
3 |
|||||||||||||||
“O |
— i |
•— > |
or |
or |
or |
> |
3 |
3 |
or |
or |
on |
on |
on |
or |
on |
3 |
on |
3 |
on |
or |
3j |
on |
Oij |
on |
3 |
on |
||||||||||||||
>S |
13 |
3 |
< |
< |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
< |
< |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
< |
3 |
|||||||||||||||||||
O Z5 X |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
||||||||||||||||||||||
c a> |
3/ *D |
m |
r~~ |
m |
m |
r- |
sC |
vO |
m |
rn |
m |
m |
m |
oc |
m |
r~ |
m |
m |
in |
m |
in |
in |
CM |
CM |
t"~ |
m |
m |
CM |
in |
CM |
o |
|||||||||
CD |
— |
in |
m |
m |
sC |
O |
vC |
o |
oc |
> — |
— |
vC |
— |
O |
sO |
CM |
r-~ |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
G |
o |
m |
OC |
o |
|||||||||||||
.3 |
oo |
rn |
m |
m |
O' |
*— |
»— |
oc |
Csl |
o |
o |
o |
sO |
c- |
m |
vO |
in |
C' |
O' |
G |
G |
C" |
r- |
m |
m |
G |
o |
— |
o |
|||||||||||
X rs |
w' |
CM |
m |
m |
m |
Cf |
'T |
CM |
*— |
m |
CM |
- - |
- - |
■ — |
CM |
- - |
CM |
•— |
O' |
CM |
• |
|||||||||||||||||||
c |
nO |
sO |
vO |
O |
vO |
sC |
O |
sC |
vO |
vd |
vC |
vd |
vO |
vd |
sC |
sO |
vC |
vd |
sO |
G |
G |
sd |
vd |
vd |
vd |
G |
vd |
|||||||||||||
~o (V > |
— |
c- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r^- |
C- |
r- |
c- |
c- |
r~ |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r~- |
r- |
r- |
r~- |
C~ |
c- |
t" |
c- |
r- |
t^ |
||||||||||||
o to 00 |
i/ "3 |
— |
cm |
in |
r~ |
Csl |
o |
vO |
in |
«n |
m |
oc |
m |
__ k |
m |
oc |
r_ ^ |
«n |
in |
in |
>n |
c- |
r,_,^ |
OC |
m |
CM |
>n |
CM |
m |
o |
||||||||||
■ _ |
2 |
DC |
O' |
0M |
zr |
sO |
vO |
m, |
ICi |
c- |
r- |
in |
O' |
o |
O' |
CM |
m |
m |
rn |
o |
G |
oc |
c- |
oc |
G |
G |
in |
|||||||||||||
o |
.3 |
oo |
CM |
o |
m |
in |
in |
r— |
■ — |
>n |
»n |
»n |
Csl |
- — |
O' |
in |
m |
f— |
m |
m |
in |
in |
G |
CM |
oc |
rn |
G |
in |
o |
|||||||||||
to |
cc |
in |
*“ |
cm |
*n |
O' |
m |
in |
m |
vC |
C' |
00 |
O' |
o |
CM |
*— |
*— |
— |
vO |
m |
CM |
o |
CM |
«n |
G |
G |
G |
m |
||||||||||||
D |
_i |
O' |
O' |
O' |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
OC |
r~ |
t" |
oc |
DC |
r- |
r- |
c- |
K |
C- |
K |
c- |
rC |
r~C |
vd |
vd |
G |
|||||||||
o |
m |
cn |
m |
m |
m |
rn |
m |
m |
m |
m |
rn |
m |
m |
rn |
m |
rn |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
rn |
m |
m |
m |
|||||||
c '+-> c o |
m to |
DC mi |
m |
CaJ |
UJ |
>> o |
>s o |
C/3 |
in yO |
in |
in \C) |
>n CM |
vO |
DC |
O' |
O' |
in |
m |
CM OC |
G r~- |
pc |
in G |
c- |
G r- |
m DC |
G |
CM G |
sO m |
||||||||||||
U |
m |
m |
O' |
vC |
rs |
C3 |
o |
m |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
m |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
||||||||||||||||||
<u |
c |
UUH |
_ _ ^ |
, _ , |
*— |
— |
— |
«— |
, _ _ |
_ _ s |
_ |
. |
. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
C |
ea |
O' |
o |
0s |
£U |
£U |
z |
c> |
Qs |
Q\ |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
ns |
G |
0s |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
||||||||||||
03 |
a> |
55 |
Z |
< |
< |
< |
CQ |
m |
UJ |
P |
<— r- |
X |
O' |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
<c |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
||||||||||
E |
> |
> |
> |
U |
u |
u |
u |
U |
X |
O' |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
||||||||
03 > 03 |
Ol a; m |
^T m, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
<12 |
O' |
Qv |
O' |
O |
G |
G |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
p |
m |
m |
m |
o |
m |
rn |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
c- |
CM |
oo |
c_ |
m |
m |
o |
o |
o |
t" |
o |
o |
«n |
O' |
CM |
D |
m |
r- |
G |
m |
r- |
O |
m |
OC |
O |
OC |
||||||||||||||
»n |
rn |
m |
UJ |
Q |
CL |
Csl |
m |
r- |
m |
*— |
nr |
c- |
in |
m |
CM |
C0 |
m |
G |
||||||||||||||||||||||
M— o |
ai |
CM |
UJ |
i |
UJ UJ Q |
vC vO |
in sC |
° |
Csl |
° |
o |
CM G |
m sC |
o |
s |
O |
O |
o |
o |
o |
O |
|||||||||||||||||||
O) c |
o |
s |
Cl |
C_ |
Cl |
Q |
in |
Csl |
oc |
O' X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|||||||
CL |
e/3 « |
£ |
< |
* |
< |
< |
£ |
DC 2 |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
|||||||||
*4“' |
>s |
S |
CQ |
CQ |
UJ |
CQ |
X |
X |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 CO |
— |
/ |
X |
X |
X |
u |
u |
U |
u |
u |
X |
U |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|||||
r>i > «ii |
c |
X 2 = f — O 2 |
X |
X |
X |
I |
"T" |
X |
X |
X |
X |
IE s |
X |
jZ 2 |
X 2 |
X 2 |
X |
X |
X |
"T“ |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X X |
X o |
X o |
X O |
|||||
E wc |
cm |
m |
m |
'xT |
■^r |
cr |
d- |
cr |
in |
in |
>n |
>n |
<n |
m |
o |
vC |
vO |
VO |
yA |
G |
c- |
c- |
r" |
r- |
DC |
DC |
x |
z |
Q |
|||||||||||
JD |
CBP |
X |
CO |
x |
x |
m |
CQ |
CO |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
tin |
X |
||||
£ |
o C/3 |
u u u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
U |
U |
u |
U |
O |
u |
U |
u |
u |
u u |
U |
u |
o |
(J |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u co a 2 |
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
33
XXX XX < < < X < <
^ Q ^
x x x
XXX
< < <
X X X X X X
XXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX X
UJ < < < <<<<<<<<<<<<<< <
^ X UJ UJ XXXXXXXXXXXXXX x
— >0 ITl X
CM <N — ■ re K
re © in re in oc »h sd
«n O’ O’ © in >n in rd
© 3;
rd ©
© © re cm O’ in re O' K ri (N in 't
M> M3 M3 CM © MJ rd rd © CM
©
<n
— ^ c x x n « ri cj m x o
in re —
c K
OO O' 3- O' in M3 O' O’
©recMO’inrOMO'O
X'titri'Oini^^-
M3 CM © O’ »— rd
ooinooinoooo
Mn’-nn — (N'lDvOvO
© in *n >n
. © o
MO VO
in«nininin»ninin
»n
«n
C O (S - X (N — — in
<N O O O
r-~ - -
re re
o o
O' —
rerecererererereooce . o
o |
O' |
o |
»— |
i/~> |
o |
o |
o |
OC |
*— |
o |
o |
o |
f— . |
»— |
i— |
— |
— |
r— |
||||||||||
o |
O |
O' |
OC |
O |
O' |
O' |
o |
O |
o |
oc |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O |
O |
o |
O |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
o |
O' |
o |
O' |
o |
o |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
O' |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
*— |
1— • |
*— |
«—* |
*— |
— |
*“ |
*— |
|||||||||||||||||||||
•V |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MO |
m |
o |
o |
m |
oc |
1—1 |
oc |
r- • • |
• • • O' |
CM |
CM |
co |
• r~- |
r- |
MO |
VO |
co |
oc |
O' |
o |
o |
o |
o |
• O' |
||||
CM |
CM |
CM |
F— |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
m |
|||||||||||
C/3 3 |
© |
o |
C/3 |
_>* |
o X |
_>> |
t/3 3 |
C/3 |
3 |
C/3 3 |
C/3 |
_>, |
_>, |
_>> |
_>% |
_>> |
_>> |
■4—* C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 3 |
||||||||
3 |
UO 3 < |
3 "“5 |
3 |
3 00 3 < |
3 |
E o C- o |
3 |
00 3 < |
3 00 3 < |
X < |
_3 |
3 — a |
3 |
3 |
oo 3 < |
3 00 3 < |
3 —a |
3 — i |
3 "S |
— i |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 oo 3 < |
3 00 3 < |
oo 3 < |
S
m |
vO |
o |
o |
m |
m |
in |
m |
m |
CM |
oc |
o |
o |
o |
o |
oc |
r- |
oc |
o |
o |
o |
C~- |
CM |
o |
oc |
||||
m |
m |
m |
tr, |
t"- |
o |
c- |
r- |
r-~ |
m |
cr |
cr |
cr |
oc |
r- |
o |
O' |
m |
O' |
3" |
M0 |
r- |
C' |
<■ |
|||||
O' |
<n |
CM |
o |
o |
O' |
O' |
oc |
ro |
m |
M3 |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
CM |
O' |
o |
CM |
1-H |
sO |
o |
|||||||
<■ |
3- |
O' |
O' |
O' • • |
• rf |
0; |
o |
*— |
■ o |
o |
o |
o |
CM |
O' |
c- |
— |
CM |
O' |
oc |
C' |
■ |
|||||||
o |
M3 |
M0 |
M0 |
sO |
M3 |
in |
vd |
M3 |
MO |
M3 |
r- |
f" |
r~ |
r- |
c- |
M0 |
sO |
vO |
r- |
M0 |
M3 |
M3 |
vC |
|||||
r- |
C- |
r- |
r~ |
CM |
r- |
C' |
C' |
r- |
r- |
r- |
c- |
r- |
c- |
C" |
r- |
r- |
c- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
o |
ryi |
m |
3 |
r- |
C' |
r- |
o |
r- |
oc |
o |
CM |
(N |
CM |
CM |
ro |
oc |
m |
CM |
(N |
to |
r- |
o |
m |
r- |
||||
O |
o |
p |
O' |
o |
Ov |
IT, |
M0 |
oc |
V~) |
OC |
DC |
00 |
oc |
sC |
tT |
»— |
r- |
Ti_ |
o |
DC |
to> |
■ — |
3s |
|||||
r- |
t-~ |
r- |
tTi |
M3 |
M3 |
M3 . . |
. . . O' |
<n |
<n |
<N . |
. O' |
O |
O' |
o |
m |
oc |
DC |
o |
DC |
m |
m |
sO |
m |
. |
||||
CnJ |
CM |
CM |
(N |
O |
OC |
OC |
OC |
rn |
oc |
O |
rn |
rg |
Cl |
p |
CM |
CN |
CM |
1 — •_ |
Cvj |
p |
p |
X |
to |
|||||
3s* |
O' |
O' |
o^* |
O'* |
On |
oc |
OC |
OC |
X |
oc |
oo |
X |
oc |
DC |
oc |
oc |
DC |
OC |
DC |
oc |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
r-# |
K |
||
CO |
cc |
m |
m |
(N |
m |
m |
<n |
m |
cc |
re |
m |
cn |
m |
m |
ro |
<n |
rn |
m |
m |
ro |
ro |
ro |
m |
ro |
CsL
o |
o |
O' |
oc |
oc |
00 |
oo |
co |
M3 |
|||
O' |
O' |
O' |
ro |
CO |
4 |
OC |
oc |
oc |
oc |
CO |
CM |
o |
o |
■ — |
CO |
cx: |
o |
o |
o |
r— |
CO |
CO |
|
o |
_ |
pj |
o |
o |
o |
- — |
— |
- — |
|||
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
> |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
< |
< |
< |
CM < |
< |
X |
< |
< |
< |
CM < |
||
> |
> |
> |
C > |
> |
G/3 |
> |
> |
> |
o > |
> |
> |
<■ |
O’ |
3" |
3" |
O' |
in |
3" |
<N |
O' |
oc |
O' |
CM |
00 |
oc CM |
|
oc |
oo |
OO |
oc |
»— i |
CO |
o |
© |
O' |
O' |
O' |
oc |
|||
r— |
>— |
— |
*—l |
C3 |
m |
m |
CO |
CC |
CM |
CM |
’ — |
CM |
||
© |
- — - |
_ |
— |
,—i |
© |
_ |
/*>. |
|||||||
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
C' |
3s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
||
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
$ |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
|
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
O
re
O' |
O' |
>— i |
O' |
O' |
O' |
||||
<n |
re |
o |
m |
re |
re |
||||
o |
o |
C', |
O' |
o |
o |
o |
|||
oo |
3s |
LJ |
>n |
sO |
CM |
' ^ |
|||
<3 |
M3 |
LJ |
h; |
o |
CM |
re |
re |
||
CM |
sO |
— |
C4 |
M> |
MO |
sO |
|||
c. |
CL |
0- |
o |
CL |
Gh |
I/O |
0- |
CL |
o_ |
< |
< |
< |
>-✓ CJ |
< |
< |
3s |
< |
< |
< |
U 2 |
CL |
||||||||
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
DC |
UJ |
UJ |
X |
X |
o
Q
cu
O
U
(~
cn
o
oc
CM |
'•3 |
O □ |
Qs CO |
O' re |
O' re |
CO |
O' |
>n |
O’ |
CM |
O' |
CM |
CO |
© re |
© |
oc |
|
re |
re |
CO |
DC |
C' |
- - |
CM |
re |
in |
O’ |
O’ |
»n |
t/O |
© |
CM |
re |
||
H |
o |
re |
3“ |
o |
o |
o |
o |
© |
o |
CM |
© |
© |
|||||
1—* |
X |
M3 |
M3 |
■ - 1 |
r— * |
M3 |
T— < |
T— * |
|||||||||
a. |
Cl |
x • |
• X |
0- |
X |
X |
CL |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
CL |
X |
X |
• X |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
s |
2 |
||||||||||||||||
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
XXX O O O u u u < < < co m cd
x x
0- X
a
<
x x X X x X
> D X D O H x
UJ O O O 5 £ <
GO C/J GO C/0 D£ © X
f-
C*
X
T- Ll
X H O
^ilr^u.hoooooliihhhoii-azz
LXXxxx<xxxxxxxxDiDiC£:aio':x:Ox<><
x
b-
)Z
2
x
X X O 2 ^ iZ
2 *
0- >-
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
continued
34
>
_Q
vt
a;
cd
4->
_Q
CD
T3
T3
C
03
>»
CD
CO
a»
03
a>
Q.
03
1/1
a>
JZ
U
a>
«/)
03
■*-<
03
T3
>
O
Z3
JO
c
a>
03
>v
X
O
T3
a>
_>
o
io
i/i
o
o
Z3
c
'■*->
c
o
u
_a>
JO
jd
'cd
>
03
CD
_c
1/1
U
T3
a>
3
_C
'■M
c
o
u
rsi
i
>
a>
JQ
.03
« c
(/>
M
- CL G
E ^ o v: Q £
*- a i
« S/
X- +-
3
« s
— J/i
3
G
2 w / G
« C5
G Z
3
O
a. |
Cfl
(J CO
C/3
a_
<
on
© r- oc oc
o r-
o_ cu e_ |
o_ e_ |
CU |
Cu |
Q- CU |
W W ^ *- J- CL |
< < < |
< < |
< |
< |
< < |
£ £ < |
2 2 2 |
' 2 ' • ' • |
• • • • 2 |
‘ 2 2 |
• • c s ^ |
|
u u m |
UJ uj |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ UJ |
on on UJ |
oc nr <n |
in cn |
CN |
0 |
cn cn |
-or- |
— : d O' ■ |
‘ cn in |
• nr |
‘ nf in |
cn o' tj- |
|
OC -t IN |
in cn |
CN |
0 |
cn cn |
p p r- |
drd ‘ |
' -'T © |
• oc • ■ • • |
. uS |
‘ <n vd |
’ vd 00 V) |
CN
o to cn — —
vC © — m
oc
<N cn cn cn
<N . -
oo
on
O
Q
!j
c_
<
on
in in
cn
cn cn
m
«n
CN
m in
cn cn
C\J |
vC |
— |
oc |
r\ |
oc |
r**^ |
m |
|
Csl |
un |
CN |
r- |
r- |
||||
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
|||
*— |
— ] |
t— |
— |
|||||
c_ |
Q- |
cu |
cu |
Cu |
cu . . . . |
. D_ |
cu |
Cu |
< |
< |
< ‘ |
• • < |
< |
< |
< " |
• • < |
< |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
>n cn m
oc so cn CN CN
o — |
- - |
— |
- - — |
o |
— |
1—4 1—4 |
r~~ |
r- |
— |
||
o o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' O' |
o |
O' |
O' O' |
OC |
oc |
O' |
|
O' O' |
O' |
O' |
O' O' |
O' |
O' |
O' O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
||
■ |
*“ |
— — |
|||||||||
nr cn |
t— |
vr" • |
• cn nr |
• • CN |
CN |
id |
|||||
■*-* |
C/5 |
C/3 |
-4-^ •—> C/3 C/3 |
_>v |
CN •W |
-*-# 4—* |
■4— * |
■*— * |
|||
C/3 |
13 |
13 |
Z3 r |
3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
|
3 |
3/ |
oo |
oo oo |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
||
oo |
3 |
3 |
3 3 |
00 |
00 00 |
oo |
co |
oo |
|||
3 |
< |
< |
< < |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|||
< |
< |
< < |
< |
< |
< |
a |
vo |
un |
IT) |
cn |
cn |
cn |
cn |
r- |
OC |
oc |
CN |
r— |
r- |
<n |
|||
5S |
vO |
r- |
*T |
cn |
wn |
vC |
cn |
oc |
cn |
IT) |
o |
in |
O' |
vO |
oc |
||
* |
G |
vC |
O' |
cn |
m |
i— « |
oc |
CN |
O' |
rM |
r- |
oc |
o |
>n |
VO |
||
+-> |
ex |
nr |
cn |
cn |
O) |
cn |
■ nr |
p ‘ |
• CN - ’ ' ’ |
. |
■ ■ |
• cn |
CN |
CN |
|||
C CD F |
vO |
vd |
vd |
vd |
r- |
vO |
vO |
vd |
vd |
vd |
vd |
d |
vd |
||||
-J |
r— |
r- |
r- |
r— |
r- |
r~ |
r— |
r— |
r— |
r- |
r- |
r— |
r- |
r- |
r- |
||
L. cn |
|||||||||||||||||
CD |
|||||||||||||||||
i/i |
o |
cn |
oc |
0 |
0 |
r— |
r— |
r— |
cn |
oc |
r- |
0 |
r— |
oo |
m |
cn |
|
E |
w 3 |
cn |
m, |
oc |
o |
oc |
vO |
cn |
vO |
cn |
in |
CN |
O' |
||||
CD L~ |
cn |
oc |
^r |
O' |
nr |
r- . |
. . r— |
o . |
cn |
'O |
m |
. . nT |
vO |
||||
*« |
CN |
CN |
<N |
CN |
p |
O) |
— |
oc |
* m |
O' |
r- |
p |
p |
p |
|||
cn |
— |
oc |
r— |
r— |
r- |
r— |
vd |
t- |
d |
Gn’ |
oc |
oc |
OC |
oc |
oc |
||
o |
cn |
cn |
m |
cn |
cn |
cn |
cn |
cn |
cn |
m |
cn |
cn |
cn |
cn |
cn |
||
Cu |
|||||||||||||||||
> |
|||||||||||||||||
CD |
|||||||||||||||||
CQ |
. — |
vO |
cn |
oc |
cn |
O' |
vC |
sC |
vO |
cn |
CN |
||||||
CD UxC (D |
vC |
■ Q |
r- |
fn |
vC |
oc |
^r |
m |
cn |
CN |
|||||||
O E |
on |
CN |
CN |
CN |
(N |
CN |
C*~) |
cn |
cn |
cn |
|||||||
CD |
cz |
r^v |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
3v |
O' |
O' |
O' |
CN |
O' |
|||||
Q. |
Sri |
z |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
UJ |
CO |
< |
||
CD t/> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
U |
U |
> |
|||
CD |
vC |
nT
VO
cn m o Q- Cu 00
U W a.
• UJ UJ <■
a a 5
CN — ; ^
U t/] w
u u
X X X r . , -r x x X
CQ CO 03 r- r- CJ >0
^-"^^onono-on^
>222ii<iu
—
d ^ cu uj on on cn ^
X — n- — 3- u.
ujiii£u.E:Za:: CO CQ _J < _J >- O on cu uj _i uj _j Z
x
O
Q
OoohO^^O^l2
^Ox<XXX<<XXOXXU
umujMUUUumjuiuuj
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
Q. d Cl |
CL Cl X Cl X |
< < < |
< < < < < |
22222 |
|
X X X X X |
CN |
vO |
X |
O (N - |
— ■'t |
CN |
cb |
. in — cn |
00 rf |
CS |
'C |
00 |
vo |
(N — — |
■"t |
to |
<n |
• • • o |
d d b |
in |
to ^ |
>n |
o |
l/", |
>n |
^O |
in |
CO |
||||||
CS CS |
— . . . . |
vo |
— |
m |
m |
m |
O O |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
O' O' |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
o |
' — 1— |
— |
*— |
— |
*— 1 |
||
r r |
||||||
r- r- |
o .... |
r— |
CN |
(N |
||
<n <n |
CN |
m |
* - |
CN |
CS |
|
-*— * * C/5 C/5 3 33 |
-4—* C/5 3 |
<u c |
13 |
tn 3 |
C/5 13 |
|
oo oo 3 3 < < |
i oo 3 < |
CJJ 3 < |
CJJ 3 < |
|||
r-~ m |
OO |
_ |
C'- |
C^- |
||
<n oc |
a- |
o |
vO |
m |
ro |
|
00 oo |
o |
CS |
•o |
CN |
||
- — o |
o |
. O' |
’ — |
o |
O' |
O' |
sd v o |
cb |
in |
vO |
VO |
to |
to |
x~- c-~ |
r- |
r- |
1"- |
r- |
||
>n cn |
m |
CN |
^r> |
oo |
||
m oc |
m |
oo |
CN |
o |
<n |
|
O CN |
CN |
>— |
vO |
O' |
*— |
|
CO CN |
o |
o |
o |
oc |
||
OO oo |
oo |
00 |
OC |
OO |
oc |
r- |
<o <o |
m |
m |
m |
(O |
(O |
|
>o r~ |
to |
vO |
m |
|||
— ^ |
ir, |
■3- |
O' |
oc |
||
<o co |
m |
o |
o |
o |
CN |
CN |
_ |
O |
- — |
. — |
— |
||
o o |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
< < |
< |
< |
< < |
< |
< |
|
> > |
> ... . |
. > o |
> > |
> |
> |
|
\ c m |
Q |
00 |
<o |
r- |
||
’ — Cn| |
CN |
ro |
(N |
|||
o o |
o |
H; |
CN |
CN |
o |
O |
-J |
||||||
X X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
< < |
< |
< |
< < |
< |
< |
|
2 2 |
||||||
X X |
X . . . . |
. X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X X
o a
x u. £ i x
s f- o
z-ouuzzzzz
ffiZZZu
XIu.ZZZ>2cQaa.D.(-hHhH
<<<x5-ooo<<<<<
c_
O
CJ
a> ■*— * o
i_
X
c
a>
c
fc
c
o
s—
>
c
X
£
UJ
i-T
o
4-*
C
a
U
&> « II 2 £
II 2
S>
2 3
g g
2 o
o
CL tc
c
<D
co E
Vi Vi
a>
H 1/3
3 *— » C o p £
o
■_
>
c
X
"3 O
c
3 S_
co £ c e
E A?
o U
o c
J= o
a> 2
1/3
X 5 _ c
CS 4)
£ E
O C C O
73
Jj5
>>
u.
03
X
o
<u
>
’£
X
50 C
£ CL Xj —
.ci J3 o
L
0Q a>
Vi
c
<D
Q
-a
>£
c
CS
C/0
>.
fc
£
X
c
<u
E c o
I—
> c X
Q go II x CO X
3 11
<
OQ X
Q . «
"H c
,o o
"c L> 3 00 c/o <y
X c
g £ £ 2 5 <+-
2 o
> 2
C 3
'J C/5
— C
5
-C
o
x«s
X
a.
C3
£
£
£
oti
G
Urn
Cu
C£i
2
5
X
X
£
CQ
x
X
c.
C3
U
X
X
G
C/D
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
34
>i
_Q
«/>
a;
‘
CO
•4—*
13
_Q
f 0 T3
"O
C
ns
>i
03
CQ
a>
-X
03
CD
CL
03
i/l
a>
_c
u
1/1
+-1
cu
l/l
03
+->
03
T3
>
O
13
-Q
c
(U
CD
>
X
O
T3
(U
_>
O
i/>
</l
1/1 13
o
D C
c
o
u _02
_Q 03
■5 ^ > >1 03 03
C
a>
E
CD
a ;
to
E
03
CD
O
<U
CQ
a> .x 03
ai
CL 03
l/l
i= ai »/i _c
CD
c
U
~D
<V
3
C
'■£
c
o
u
CM
I
>
_a>
-Q
.03
55 e
Q z
fe -= t JaS
r o o </: G c
__ c/3
« s i
■— C. 3
C/ O
h a £
£ 3 « C
= £
tJ >»
w
-J
2 o
09 Z
C/2 O
2 £ 55 «5
a z
a*
a. S ca |f
<J C/3
C/2
a. < - 2
co
CL CL c_ |
CL CL |
O. |
CL |
CL CL |
L £ CL |
< < < |
< < |
< |
< |
< < |
<2 <2 < |
* 2 * ' ' ' |
’ ' ' ' 2 |
• • c c -q C3 03 z— |
|||
UJ UJ UJ |
UJ UJ |
UJ |
LJ |
UJ UJ |
00 00 UJ |
c r- c x i- m
0C 0C O — i 6 CD
C h C X t M o’ o’ D CM K ©
CM
C IT) CO ■ — —
CO Q _
O
Q
hr
CM iC — M r 'o
Cl. Cl Q_
>0 CM ro 1/3
in cm pf o'
CM
r-‘
CM
oc
in in
co
oc q
(oo co ......
-sr < <. < <
> UJ > UJ UJ UJ
“P IE HI X -r
s> CQ CO CO d- f- O
oxCOO^-^a.'^
Tf oc co cm
c_ c_
< <
uj uj
x
O
2Z
X
o
X X
c
Q
s
Cl.
<
uj
x x
in
«n
oc
f"
<
UJ
co cm tj- in
co CM in id
in in
lO |
rn |
oc |
CO |
o |
vO |
O |
o |
vq |
r- |
o |
OC |
Tf |
|||
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
CM |
o |
CO |
|
- - |
|||||||
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
Q s |
QN |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
$
O «n c- r~ o o
Cl CL
< <
UJ UJ
co
© tq id pf
© q tq id oc in
in (N n
>c |
O CM |
C<~ ) |
ro |
r^) m |
o |
CM |
<n cm |
00 |
o |
ro |
|
— |
tn o |
. . CM |
CM |
||||||||
o |
__ |
- |
r-~ |
r- |
|||||||
oc |
o o |
o |
o |
o |
o o |
o |
o |
CD CD |
oc |
OC |
CD |
o |
o o |
o |
o |
o |
o o |
o |
o |
CD CD |
CD |
CD. |
D |
_ _ r |
cd |
l~Z |
in • |
• ’ cn rf |
• • <N |
cm' |
ml |
||||
(N |
■*— * |
+-• C/5 |
■*—> • C/5 |
■*—> -4—t C/5 C/5 |
CM -4-^ |
-W ■*— * |
' |
-*-> |
|||
73 |
3 3 |
3 |
C/5 |
C/5 C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
||||
3 |
co |
co |
co co |
3 |
3 3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|||
CO |
3 |
3 |
3 3 |
co |
co co |
oo |
oo |
00 |
|||
3 |
< |
< |
< < |
3 |
3 3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|||
< |
< |
< < |
< |
< |
< |
q |
tTi |
r^i |
o |
m |
r- |
oc |
o |
oc |
CM |
c~ |
r- |
m |
||
sC |
»n |
sO |
m |
oc |
m |
to |
m |
D |
o |
oc |
||||
vC |
•— • |
o |
r^5 |
m |
»— |
DC |
CM |
D |
CnJ |
r- |
oc |
in |
iO |
|
Tf |
ro |
rn |
ro |
D |
CO |
* ^ |
q • |
’ CM • • • • |
. o * |
• • — |
— |
• ' cc |
CM |
CM |
sC |
sC |
-O |
id |
iO |
|
uS |
id |
id |
id |
o |
id |
|||
r- |
r- |
r-~ |
r- |
r- |
c- |
c- |
r- |
r- |
t"- |
r- |
r- |
r-~ |
oc |
o |
o |
c- |
c- |
r- |
CO |
DC |
r- |
o |
r- |
DC |
in |
co |
|
ro |
<n |
vO |
DC |
o |
oc |
lO |
<o |
— |
D |
O |
CO |
CM |
D |
|
CO |
oc |
3- |
c~ . |
. r- |
o |
. m |
. . . . iO . |
o |
C' |
lO |
||||
<N |
CM |
(N |
o |
CM |
cc |
D |
’ — ; |
DC |
• CO |
* c> |
r^ |
. . VO |
q |
q |
DC |
r- |
C-' |
id |
K |
sC |
D |
DC |
oc |
DC |
oc |
oc |
|||
m |
m |
m |
m |
CO |
co |
(O |
CO |
m |
co |
m |
CO |
co |
(N
CM
CO
CM r— O UJ CO <
U U >
,*,*£|2215 = s:h
c/2onwmuuj£u._Z^
j<j>-0
2?00h02^H0
R^udcoc^icocococoOO ft OX<XXX<<XX UXuJcoUUUuJUJUU
CO
Cl UJ • UJ Q
CM
UJ
U
CM X
iE2E
I °
O X X U
m c— >
CL JC UJ CL UJ <
22 CO hJ
U
X X
O x 3= U U x
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
HNGMH EMAP1016 VA91 316 38.3035 76.1837 August 27, 1991 2 15 3.2 2.2 EMAP
HNGMH EMAP1025 VA91 307 38.2282 76.0883 August 27, 1991 2 15 4.6 3.6 EMAP
FSBMH EMAP1014 VA91 317 38.3153 76.0198 August 29, 1991 1 15 5.8 4.8 EMAP
NANTF
35
chapter v
0- CL CL Cl Cl.
< < < < <
2 2 2 2
LU LU ULJ LU LU
0(N — — Tt
— <N 00 ^r
(N r- - Tt
C (N h O'"
© vo >/o >/o i/o
• — * m ro m
o
O
O — <N — (N fO — — (N tN
« Z'Z' tfl %
£ 3 3 =3 3
oo oo
' 3 3
< <
r- |
o |
o |
r- |
|
. — |
o |
vC |
ro |
cn |
rsi |
sO |
«N |
||
; |
o |
Ov |
Os |
|
uo |
O |
sd |
IYO |
|
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
|
_ |
CnI |
ir> |
r- |
oc |
00 |
(N |
o |
«ro |
|
CN |
*— |
sO |
O |
|
o |
O |
o |
oc |
|
oc |
OC |
OC |
oc |
|
m |
m |
rn |
m |
|
m |
lO |
VO |
||
^Tj |
O' |
oc |
||
o |
o |
(N |
Cs) |
|
f— 3 |
, — |
^_l |
. — . |
_ _ _ |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
'sT
8
Q
H <n hi
Qoc m — r-
(N fO Tf (N
CL CL O- CL Cl
< < < < <
to LU LU LU LU
T ^ X
O 2 ^
Z Z o
< <
Z Z ^
^ u. ^
|h02
- < 2 o y y
CD a.
T. X T Du □: 22222 z z z z z oo<<<<<
o. Cl h f~ h h h
c
a>
£
tL
a
CL
O
Q
>% o C
<u _ 00
< c
o
o
o (jj
a. a 75 2
§ £ £ *
2 £
5 £P
&> - II
CO
3
2
o
o
c
o
5
c cooo o o
>
c
LU
c/5
D
03 ■*— *
c
o
£
c
o
c
<u
£
c/) c«
<U yj
< ^
CL <
W-O o c 4c
o
>
c
LU
CS I
r- W 3 § .£ g
jz •- — o c b
a ° « o ^ ^
t/2
o
CeL
75
£
<L>
c
c
o
>-
’>
c
LU
a a £ 2
£ o
§ *
.b-g
c «
LU Z
j»S
C C -O .2ob C CLOcS
o < c
^ _ C3
uc c 00 .tz o
’£ vs
£ 1 g
00 g -1
3 fl. L
Z> — Q .
"i-fe 1
c <2 .1 £ "c S
« o a W - u
- .£ § S5 £ 2
<u
J-
CD
o
£ ,b «? >
O c
LU
Q c/i li
oop
l—
=3
9-f
_5 c £ .to •< lu .tc
CD LU ■£ .£
to
<D
.O
o
o
c.
u
£
£
£
CSj
o
u
0-
CXj
c
c
2
5
S3
I
>%
m
b
c.
03
s.
<D
0
Si
o
L-
c
C/3
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
DESIGNATED USE ASSIGNMENTS
Both the low frequency long-term fixed station and the continuous buoy data records were assessed relative to the published Chesapeake Bay dissolved oxygen criteria. The criteria are specific to different designated uses and, therefore, seasons (U.S. EPA 2003). With very few exceptions, the buoy data currently available were summer deployments (June-September). One exception begins at the end of April; this one and a couple of other deployments extend through October, and one extends to November.
Each data record was assigned to a designated use within a Chesapeake Bay Program segment based on following method. Using the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Moni¬ toring Program data, the depth of the upper and lower pycnoclines, if any, were calculated for each station for each cruise date and the segment averages for the month/year were determined. These segment-averaged pycnocline depths were then merged by corresponding dates with the buoy sensor depths in those segments where deep-water and deep-channel designated uses apply. It is important to remember that pycnocline depths may be fairly stable in some areas, but changeable and ephemeral in others, even within the same segment. An average pycnocline depth for the month may have a lot of variability around it, and thus the designated use assignments for some buoy data records may not be correct. Where the buoy dissolved oxygen concentrations suggested an incorrect assignment, the monitoring data at stations and dates nearest in time and space to the buoy deployment were examined in detail and any appropriate changes to the designated use assignment were made accordingly.
FINDINGS
Day/Night Differences In Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
A commonly expressed concern about the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Moni¬ toring Program’s dissolved oxygen data is that they reflect daytime dissolved oxygen levels, the time period when active photosynthesis by algae, and consequent gener¬ ation and introduction of new oxygen into the water column, may mask lower nighttime concentrations. To address this concern, the buoy data were partitioned into day (defined as 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM) and night (defined as after 5:00 PM to before 9:00 AM) periods and summarized. Table V-3 provides the following statis¬ tics for the day and night periods: minimum concentration, the concentration of the lowest 1 percent of measurements, the lowest 1 0 percent, the median, mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation, separately for day and night periods each month, and the number of measurements taken in that month.
Table V-4 pools all the continuous buoy data for a station’s designated use to show average day/night differences at each site. The difference between the daytime mean, minimum, 1 percent, etc. and the equivalent nighttime statistic was computed for each date of deployment and the means of the daily day-night differences are shown in the table (difference = daytime concentration minus nighttime concentration).
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
37
c |
DC |
ro p |
ro |
ro |
r- |
— |
to |
r- |
sO |
ro |
O' |
O |
»o |
— |
O |
r- |
O' |
rg |
DC |
O |
DC |
DC |
ro |
SO |
rg |
rg |
r- |
O' |
to, |
r- |
© |
||||||||||
. |
#o |
sC |
* ; |
■ ; |
fN |
to |
r- |
»o |
rsi |
DC |
to |
— |
rg |
rg |
DO |
rg |
to, |
DC |
r- |
ro |
— |
sC |
rg |
or |
ro |
— |
DC |
^f |
DC |
r J |
rg |
O |
DC |
o |
■"T |
||||||
JS |
to] |
— |
DC |
rj |
sC |
r- |
'O |
o |
O'’ |
rsi |
rg |
DC |
rsi |
O'’ |
O |
o |
ri |
o |
rg |
DC |
O' |
■Of |
Tf |
X |
DC |
r- |
to, |
ro |
Tf |
© |
DC |
d |
|||||||||
c |
oi |
rsi |
ro |
ro |
ro |
Tf |
ro |
ro |
ro |
^r |
ro |
ro |
rg |
rg |
rg |
to, |
rr |
rg |
ro |
rf |
o |
||||||||||||||||||||
(U |
W- |
u |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
£ |
L |
2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
0 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
< v in |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E |
“3 — |
tO |
CsJ |
r- |
o |
ro |
— |
r- |
o |
to |
to |
O' |
o |
O' |
ro |
O' |
ro |
DC |
'O |
to, |
ro |
O |
O |
ro |
DC |
o |
r^, |
DC |
o |
r- |
ro |
||||||||||
, — s |
C5 |
‘ZZ |
o |
<N |
0s |
to, |
sO |
rO |
to |
o |
oc |
DC |
o |
r- |
•— |
DO |
O' |
tC |
— |
rg |
r- |
O' |
ro |
o |
to |
rg |
to |
O' |
sO |
O |
O' |
O' |
sO |
O' |
X |
||||||
TO |
w c |
.2 |
d |
d |
’ — |
o |
O |
o |
O |
o |
— |
— |
— |
rsi |
— |
— |
— |
— |
o |
o |
rsi |
rsi |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
ro |
ro |
— |
— |
d |
d |
X |
x |
X |
— |
|
CD |
05 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
O |
CO |
2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
l— Q_ |
WD E, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
rg |
o |
r- |
o |
o |
^r |
— |
CnJ |
ro |
ro |
DC |
DC |
to |
O |
o |
^r |
r- |
Q\ |
vC |
O' |
o |
r- |
■of |
tr, |
■of |
rg |
rg |
r- |
to, |
oc |
r- |
rg |
to, |
O' |
O' |
to |
ro |
||||
ro CO |
— * |
to |
p |
nC |
o |
r"~ |
DC |
ro |
sO |
to |
to |
rg |
rg |
r- |
DC |
to |
o |
o> |
rg |
to |
■or |
o |
rg |
to, |
■^f |
ro |
sO |
a |
DC |
■^ |
DC |
X |
o |
||||||||
©. |
to] |
DC |
DC |
to |
to |
O |
O |
»o |
to |
sd |
to, |
O' |
Qs |
r-‘ |
o |
^r |
ro |
■of |
r-’ |
sC |
d |
r- |
r- |
sd |
sC |
so |
sC |
to] |
^f |
ro |
ro |
||||||||||
(U |
es |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
H3 |
c |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0) Q_ |
a> |
C |
DC |
© |
r- |
sC |
O' |
r- |
o |
r- |
to, |
to, |
r- |
_ |
DC |
DC |
rg |
sC |
rg |
to, |
rg |
O' |
r- |
Tf |
ro |
to, |
rg |
rg |
00 |
||||||||||||
c |
^f |
(N |
p |
r- |
o |
L-> |
to |
to |
rg |
Qs |
o |
DC |
to, |
O' |
rg |
sO |
o |
r- |
o |
DC |
to |
sO |
DC |
© |
tO) |
X |
r- |
||||||||||||||
TO in |
u |
L |
to] |
lO, |
DC |
DC |
«o |
»o |
r- |
sC |
to, |
to |
ro |
o |
to |
O' |
O' |
r- |
ro |
ro |
^r |
to, |
to] |
DC |
sO |
sC |
sO |
sO |
sO |
to] |
to] |
ro |
rg* |
||||||||
0> |
c |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-C |
a> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u |
Cl SO |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
>S o |
X o |
3 |
rg |
DC |
o |
O' |
DC |
ro |
to, |
ro |
O' |
sO |
o |
to, |
o |
o |
DC |
■or |
ro |
DC |
to, |
■of |
© |
to, |
DC |
rg |
■^f- |
r- |
rO |
rg |
*o, |
||||||||||
to |
"O a/ |
0/ ZJ — |
X to] |
P |
00 r4 |
p c4 |
P r-‘ |
K |
to, |
O to] |
rsi ro |
ro ro |
oc rsi |
ip rsi |
p rsi |
o Tf |
ip DC |
oc oc |
p ro |
O ro |
rg rg |
ro rg |
DC |
sO |
to] |
ro ■of |
CO ■Of |
to. |
sC rg |
to] |
ro to] |
x to] |
ip to] |
to, rg |
rg |
ro |
to d |
||||
T3 |
> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
L- |
a. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a» |
2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TO TO |
•*» </3 |
3 |
DC |
o |
ro |
ro |
O |
^r |
og |
r- |
O |
— |
— |
ro |
o |
to, |
to, |
— |
DC |
DC |
o |
O' |
■of |
— |
rg |
sO |
DC |
O' |
. — |
— |
to, |
© |
DC |
© |
r- |
^f |
rf |
||||
L> u |
o to, |
tp |
o rj |
io <N |
p r-’ |
r- |
O' ^r |
to. |
to rsi |
• |
p rg |
rsi |
rsi |
O' O |
ro |
rg |
rg DC |
ro DC |
Ip |
to |
DC |
rg |
rg |
to, |
0V tr, |
rg of |
ro |
ri |
d |
ro d |
ro ri |
O ■^f |
rg to] |
rg |
p |
p |
to, |
to d |
|||
T3 |
CL |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> O |
E 3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 |
E |
DC |
ro |
O' |
ro |
o |
rg |
't |
O' |
DC |
rg |
ro |
DC |
o |
to, |
sC |
rg |
^r |
ro |
DC |
r- |
rg |
sO |
O' |
ro |
O' |
Tf |
O' |
r- |
© |
DC |
to, |
■^f |
X |
|||||||
o |
sC |
to |
ro |
or |
O' |
»o |
rO |
^r |
rg |
sO |
rg |
O |
ro |
rg |
rg |
o |
ro |
DC |
o |
■or |
O' |
rg |
r- |
r- |
o |
O' |
© |
o |
r- |
sO |
to |
o |
|||||||||
3 |
to, |
■^ |
rsi |
rsi |
r- |
r- |
oi |
rsi |
o |
DC |
DC |
, — |
— |
. — |
d |
© |
to, |
■Of |
— |
4 |
© |
d |
_ |
rg |
to, |
— |
— |
©5 |
c© |
||||||||||||
c a; |
1 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
V3 c |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
X |
c |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
L. |
DC |
o |
'O |
ro |
. — |
o |
o |
tO |
sO |
o |
ro |
ro |
ro |
rg |
to |
O' |
to, |
O' |
ro |
O' |
O |
to, |
r- |
DC |
O' |
O' |
rg |
rg |
^f |
rg |
O' |
rg |
||||||||
L |
O' |
O |
o |
ro |
tO |
DC |
DC |
o |
rg |
r- |
— |
ro |
o |
ro |
O' |
"T |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
O' |
to |
ro |
r- |
Qs |
O' |
to |
tr, |
sO |
ro |
r- |
■^t |
r- |
ro |
|||||||
T3 |
£ |
> |
Cs| |
tr, |
r- |
to |
■ — |
sO |
rg |
ro |
O' |
DC |
O' |
DC |
O |
ro |
O |
ro |
^f |
O' |
DC |
r- |
r- |
sO |
sO |
X |
|||||||||||||||
ai |
E |
’ — |
*“ ■ |
' |
’ — |
' — |
ro |
•“ |
ro |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
3 |
c/J |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o to lO |
z |
X o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
•5 |
"5 |
w |
w |
w |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
to |
’•Z |
Dr 03 |
CXj |
>s CZ |
"Hb |
03 |
"cij |
"5j |
03 |
’ob |
03 |
'Tb |
>s 03 |
"cij |
>> 03 |
"Ej |
>s |
“Ej |
Dr 03 |
Tij |
Dr 03 |
DXj |
Dr 03 |
"Ej |
Dr 03 |
"Ej |
Dr 03 |
"Ej |
>s ra |
]Ej |
”Ej |
d |
"Ej |
Dr C3 |
"Eg |
Dr C3 |
"Ej |
||||
D O |
oJ |
z |
z |
/-V |
z |
z5 |
z |
z |
a |
z |
r> |
z |
rr |
z |
Q |
z |
zr |
z |
r |
z |
Os |
z |
£2 |
z |
Os |
z |
Q |
z |
2 |
z |
2 |
iz |
<2 |
z |
ZN |
z |
|||||
D C |
l. |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
0 |
© |
r- |
r- |
r- |
h" |
r- |
|||||||||||||||||
35 |
O' |
© |
Qs |
O' |
Q\ |
0s |
O' |
O' |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
X |
X |
|||
+-> c o u |
2 |
© |
o |
Qv |
O' |
O' |
O' |
Qs |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
^s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0s |
O' |
O' |
0S |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
||||||||
•— |
•— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ai |
rj |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
J2 |
_c |
-C |
J1 |
JZ |
JZ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_C |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
/. |
C/J |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
r. |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
yj |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_ |
“^5 |
June |
3 |
L> |
1> |
June |
June |
3 |
June |
June |
0 |
0 |
0 |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
3 |
3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
L_ o M— |
3 C |
July |
_>% |
DXj < |
CJj < |
>? |
June |
Oil < |
CX) < |
CL U C/D |
Cl L> C/3 |
May May |
2^ |
Zlj < |
DJj < |
_Dr |
00 < |
co 3 < |
00 < |
CO < |
O- tn |
H. ZJ |
C- ZJ rS) |
C- o C/5 |
op < |
Cp < |
|||||||||||||||
to u ’+-» to |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"E |
"E |
"E |
"E |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
i— |
•— |
•— |
t- |
l— |
•_ |
u_ |
•_ |
1— |
u |
Urn |
*_ |
i— |
•— |
Urn |
• _ |
l— |
•— |
l— |
i— |
u. |
Urn |
JZ |
JZ |
i— |
u- |
■— |
•_ |
Urn |
Urn |
z: |
3 |
||||||||||
<u |
0/ |
ZJ |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O |
L» |
11 |
rj |
D |
o |
o |
D |
o |
rj |
rj |
O |
D |
rj |
D |
o |
D |
O |
rj |
D |
1) |
CD |
£= |
V |
D |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
3 |
JZ |
||||
VO |
0 - |
od |
C3 |
cz |
03 |
C3 |
03 |
C3 |
C3 |
C3 |
03 |
s |
03 |
r3 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
s |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
CC |
C3 |
C3 |
a |
C3 |
03 |
— |
C3 |
33 |
|||||
C |
a/ |
s |
s |
? |
i- |
# |
s |
* |
# |
5 |
$ |
$ |
? |
# |
$ |
? |
? |
s |
s |
s |
s |
? |
s |
? |
"E |
"E |
s |
5 |
"E |
"E |
|||||||||||
T3 |
Cl |
X |
X |
A |
A |
A |
c |
jT |
c |
c |
c |
c |
r- |
c |
e |
C- |
CL |
C- |
CL |
CL |
CL |
a |
C |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
JZ |
C |
c |
JZ |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
||||||
o |
D |
o |
O |
V |
01 |
o |
O |
D |
o |
D |
D |
o |
L> |
o |
O |
L> |
L> |
o |
D |
5J |
D |
D |
L> |
o |
rj |
L» |
<L» |
O |
D |
D |
o |
o |
ZJ |
ZJ |
1) |
1) |
D |
||||
0/ |
CL |
c. |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
a. |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
£L |
o |
L> |
D |
O |
D |
O |
CL |
CL |
O |
O |
D |
D |
CL |
Cl |
c. |
CL |
ZJ |
ZJ |
L> |
ZJ |
|||
o |
z-s |
/-N |
/—V |
z-s |
s |
/-V |
O', |
Q |
rv |
r |
z-s |
O |
r-s |
z-s |
z-s |
z-s |
© |
z^ |
z*> |
||||||||||||||||||||||
OJ Q. |
w |
w |
w |
W |
w |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JZ CD |
Q. ci |
- o z |
DC |
DC |
oc |
DC |
Osl |
Osl |
^r |
CM |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
^r |
^r |
■or |
■or |
to |
to |
»o |
to |
to |
to |
O |
o |
SO |
sO |
O' |
© |
© |
© |
||||||
C T3 C fD |
2 |
e |
>» |
>> |
>, |
Dr |
>% |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
Dr |
X |
2 |
u |
X |
u: |
rrj |
X |
|||||||||||||||||
rO |
f^. |
ro |
ro |
DC |
DC |
ro |
ro |
Q |
C |
Q |
c |
O |
o |
o |
o |
c |
O |
C |
O |
q |
2 |
||||||||||||||||||||
to, |
»>o |
iO |
IT) |
to |
tiO |
-t |
p? |
r |
T" |
3 |
c |
c |
3 |
c |
3 |
3 |
c: |
c |
a |
3Z |
G |
||||||||||||||||||||
rO |
ro |
ro |
ro |
o |
o |
ro |
ro |
cd |
03 |
ed |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
vC |
sO |
'O |
sO |
O' |
© |
O' |
© |
||||||||||
nj Q |
3 05 |
i O' < |
i <r |
i O' < |
i < |
1 O' < |
< |
i O' < |
O' < |
U CL r~ |
u C- E |
U CL c f— |
o CL |
u C- t— |
O CL r— |
u C- E |
U CL |
o CL |
o CL r“ c |
o c. |
o CL E |
o Cl. |
u CL r- |
u CL r“ C |
O CL i — |
O' O' |
O' O' |
O' O' |
O' O' |
O' O' |
© O' |
£ 2 |
2 |
2 |
£ 2 |
£ X |
£ X |
2 |
ro |
||
■ |
— CO |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
O |
a |
o |
c |
o |
O |
u |
C |
o |
o |
c |
U |
c |
o |
o |
u |
O' |
O' |
O' |
On |
O' |
O' |
O |
u |
o |
u |
u |
u |
O |
o |
||
ro |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
T |
I |
X |
T |
X |
X |
"T" |
x |
x |
2 |
: |
2 |
x |
x |
x |
— |
x |
2 |
x |
2 |
"T" |
x |
x |
||||||||||||||||||
_ar |
ZJ |
ul |
u. |
[— |
— — |
2 |
2 |
S |
2 |
2 ^ |
2 |
2 |
i |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ro |
ro |
t}- |
or |
^r |
^r |
^r |
-r |
^r |
or |
■or |
^r |
■of |
^f |
■*r |
■^ |
^f |
Tf |
^f |
^f |
^f |
|||||||||||||||||||||
J2 |
CBF |
t£ |
rn |
m |
ro |
ro |
2 |
ro |
2 |
ro |
ro |
2 |
22 |
X |
rr\ |
ort |
X |
rr< |
X |
zr |
X |
zrs |
ro |
X |
2 |
ZZN |
ZQ |
X |
X |
ro |
ro |
X |
ZZ> |
ro |
z^ |
X |
|||||
£ |
5/ CO |
u |
o |
o |
6 |
o |
u |
u |
u |
o |
o |
O |
o |
u |
o |
O |
o |
U |
o |
o |
o |
u |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
u |
U |
u |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
u |
O |
o |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
38
c |
c |
on |
© |
04 |
00 |
OO |
r- |
on |
© |
© |
O' |
on |
DC |
© |
© |
on |
© |
DC |
04 |
tr |
DC |
tr |
DC |
© |
© |
tr, |
04 |
O' |
04 |
© |
tr |
on © |
© |
DO |
on |
© |
© |
tr |
on |
|||||||
o |
.3 |
on |
oo |
Of |
© |
OO |
© |
on |
on |
© |
© |
DO |
DO |
04 |
^r |
■ — |
^r |
"tr |
OC |
»o |
tr |
04 |
© |
— |
on |
© |
© |
© |
04 |
O' |
© |
04 |
on |
tr, |
© |
’ | |
o- |
|||||||||
CO |
O'* |
© |
00 |
04 |
to, |
on |
© |
r- |
© |
0^ |
on |
04 |
_ |
O'* |
to, |
© |
© |
DC |
3 |
04 |
on |
DC |
on |
on |
© |
© |
DC |
DC |
tf |
tf |
04 |
O' |
tri |
04 |
04 |
© |
||||||||||
c: |
04 |
m |
on |
0^1 |
fO |
^r |
© |
oc |
© |
on |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
■ — |
• — |
on |
on |
*— |
— ■ |
— |
tr |
tr |
||||||||||||||||||||||
«— |
_ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
>> |
u |
© |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ro |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CO |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0) |
■3 |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Im |
C |
00 |
04 |
tr |
_ |
04 |
© |
on |
on |
04 |
© |
O' |
3 |
3 |
DC |
© |
© |
04 |
, — |
tr, |
04 |
04 |
on |
© |
© |
© |
04 |
on |
© |
tr |
tr |
DC |
04 |
© |
tr |
© |
on |
04 |
DC |
on |
tr |
|||||
ZJ |
/ - - |
On |
tr |
on |
O' |
on |
© |
O' |
oc |
© |
• — |
— |
on |
© |
© |
© |
O' |
■ — |
— |
O' |
0* |
O' |
© |
© |
— |
04 |
tr, |
04 |
04 |
© |
DC |
DC |
r- |
— |
© |
O' |
© |
t/n |
O' |
tr |
on |
tn |
tr |
|||
CO |
T |
f— 5 |
© |
_ |
_ |
_ |
on |
3 |
. — |
_ _ |
. — |
1 — |
3 |
, — |
— |
© |
3' |
3 |
3* |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
3 |
O |
O |
— |
— |
© |
© |
© |
© |
— |
© |
© |
||||||||
CD |
o |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q_ |
55 |
d |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CO |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GO |
ex |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
s |
_ |
© |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.c u |
Q\ |
oo |
1 — |
r^, |
^r |
oc |
04 |
O' |
to, |
© |
© |
00 |
— |
© |
04 |
on |
DC |
— |
"tr |
0 |
O' |
on |
O' |
tr |
O' |
O |
© |
© |
© |
on |
• — |
© |
tr |
© |
on |
© |
r' |
© |
© |
O' |
||||||
O |
04 |
04 |
04 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
oc |
04 |
on |
© |
DC |
04 |
to, |
tn |
DC |
DC |
04 |
04 |
on |
04 |
to |
DC |
© |
DC |
© |
tr |
to |
DC |
© |
on |
IT) |
— • |
1 |
0 |
04 |
04 |
tr |
|||||||
55 |
© |
© |
— |
— |
on |
04 |
04 |
© |
© |
^r |
^r |
© |
© |
on |
on |
on |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
tr |
tf |
tr |
tr |
04 |
on |
tri |
t ri |
tf |
tf |
on |
on |
tf |
tf |
||||||||||
*•*3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
J2 |
u ■*— |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
00 |
c |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
■D |
a/ |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
V- |
3 |
tr, |
tr |
© |
— |
04 |
O' |
© |
04 |
o^, |
to, |
© |
0 |
O |
© |
© |
O |
O' |
O' |
"tr |
04 |
04 |
— |
© |
DC |
— |
© |
tr, |
to |
DC |
© |
tr, |
© |
DO |
tr |
tr |
on |
O' |
© |
tn |
© |
|||||
O |
© |
© |
© |
o |
© |
OC |
© |
© |
© |
— ; |
04 |
to |
DC |
© |
to |
© |
0^ |
0- |
© |
— ; |
04 |
"-r |
04 |
© |
© |
O |
to |
O |
to |
© |
© |
© |
tr |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
04 |
tr |
||||||
u |
O |
© |
© |
. — |
. — |
o~, |
’tr |
04 |
■ — |
© |
o |
-f’ |
to, |
^r |
'T |
© |
© |
on |
on |
on |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
O' |
tr |
tr, |
tr |
tf |
04 |
04 |
tr, |
tri |
on |
on |
04 |
on |
tf |
tf |
||||||
Q) |
c 4/ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 4—' |
cx |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
OJ ~o |
o |
-3 |
3 |
tr, |
oo |
or |
O^j |
© |
© |
OC |
to, |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
0 |
© |
© |
DC |
■tr |
O' |
tr, |
© |
© |
© |
on |
04 |
tr |
04 |
© |
on |
DO |
© |
04 |
O' |
tr |
© |
tn |
O' |
in |
|||||
■3 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
on |
© |
© |
© |
O' |
© |
DO |
- — |
00 |
© |
DC |
bo |
tTi |
© |
to |
© |
04 |
— |
© |
tr |
© |
»o |
to |
04 |
to |
O' |
© |
© |
© |
IT) |
on |
© |
O' |
in |
© |
||||||
O U |
o> > |
•— |
© |
© |
©’ |
© |
04 |
— |
o |
© |
© |
© |
04 |
on |
04 |
on |
on |
on |
on |
04 |
04 |
04 |
© |
© |
© |
to |
© |
© |
on |
on |
on |
on |
— |
— |
tf |
tf |
on |
on |
— |
— |
on |
on |
||||
£. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-Q |
t/5 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C CD 05 |
a |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C/5 |
tr, |
tr, |
04 |
fO |
o-. |
^r |
04 |
(3 |
© |
3 |
35 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
© |
(3 |
to, |
O' |
r- |
tr |
tr, |
3 |
3 |
04 |
04 |
tr |
3 |
© |
© |
DC |
04 |
tr |
© |
on DC |
on |
© |
© |
© |
tn |
© |
on |
DO |
||||
— |
CO |
© |
© |
© |
© |
o |
on |
© |
© |
© |
© |
04 |
© |
© |
on |
■ — |
DC |
04 |
^r |
O' |
04 |
tr |
04 |
©: |
© |
DC |
tr |
tr |
— |
© |
— |
O' |
t/n |
00 |
on |
— |
© |
«n |
tr |
© |
||||||
X |
4/ |
© |
© |
© |
© |
— |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
on |
04 |
on |
04 |
04 |
04 |
© |
© |
»o |
tr |
© |
© |
on |
on |
04 |
on |
0 |
© |
on |
04 |
on |
on |
— |
— |
on |
on |
|||||||||
o |
a. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
IT, |
oo |
04 |
CO |
to. |
i — |
. — |
© |
o |
© |
O |
© |
O |
© |
0 |
© |
to, |
DC |
O |
tr, |
© |
3 |
04 |
04 |
tr |
0 |
O' |
© |
DC |
DC |
Q\ |
© |
tr |
on |
© |
t/n |
04 |
tr, |
DC |
on |
n |
|||||
© |
© |
© |
© |
'O |
on |
© |
© |
© |
© |
- — |
04 |
to |
04 |
DO |
00 |
DC |
© |
© |
04 |
on |
04 |
© |
© |
DC |
tr |
tr |
— |
« — |
DC |
O' |
© |
tr |
t/n |
O' |
on |
— |
© |
un |
tr |
© |
||||||
o l/n |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
— |
O |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
— |
— |
© |
— |
04 |
on |
on |
04 |
04 |
04 |
© |
© |
to |
tr |
© |
© |
on |
on |
04 |
04 |
© |
© |
on |
04 |
on |
on |
— |
— |
on |
on |
|||
oo |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
C/5 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
00 |
•— |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
c |
.2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
3 |
tr, |
or |
04 |
© |
vC |
O' |
to, |
OC |
o- |
© |
© |
3. |
^r |
tr, |
O' |
O' |
04 |
© |
DC |
© |
on |
© |
O- |
04 |
O' |
© |
© |
04 |
O |
on |
© |
on |
© |
© |
on |
© |
04 |
— |
DO |
© |
in |
© |
|||
on |
04 |
O' |
O' |
on |
O' |
© |
© |
00 |
m |
© |
© |
DO |
s3 |
04 |
O' |
04 |
tr, |
04 |
on |
04 |
DC |
© |
tr, |
© |
tr |
on |
DC |
DC |
© |
DC |
© |
tr, |
O' |
DO |
O' |
DO |
||||||||||
D |
© |
04 |
04 |
on. |
— |
on |
© |
■ — |
© |
on |
^r |
DC |
— |
» — ■ |
■ — |
■ — |
on |
© |
tr |
DO |
•— |
— • |
04 |
— |
— |
|||||||||||||||||||||
c |
c |
4/ |
— |
■ — |
■ — |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
t/> |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-O' C |
z |
© o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o u |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
■3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
— |
■*-> |
■++ |
-L-* |
— |
*-> |
— * |
— |
l-. |
■L-> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JZ +-» |
L. O |
3 |
Ol) |
>% 3 |
"cb |
>% |
Tij |
>% a |
!Ip |
cz |
JX) |
>% |
Tfj |
3 |
"ob |
Dn 3 |
jSj |
3 |
"ob |
3 |
"cb |
>% 3 |
3 |
~cb |
>> 3 |
"cb |
>% 3 |
]ob |
3 |
_CD |
3 |
job |
3 |
"cb |
3 |
"cb |
3 |
_ou |
>> 3 |
"cb |
>% 3 |
"cb |
||||
p |
Z |
Pi |
z |
a |
z |
r> |
z |
z |
© |
z |
© |
z |
© |
z |
© |
z |
z |
© |
z |
© |
z |
© |
z |
© |
z |
r\ |
z |
r\ |
z |
/■N |
z |
D |
iz |
Q |
z |
a |
z |
Q |
z |
|||||||
o M— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
un |
«T |
r~- |
r- |
O' |
O' |
© |
o |
o |
© |
— |
00 |
OO |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
O |
0 |
O |
O |
r— 1 |
— |
*— « |
. — i |
_> |
|||||||||||||||||||||
00 |
oo |
00 |
oc |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
oc |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
||||||
UJ •O' |
> |
0s |
© |
© |
Q\ |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
|||||||||||||
oo -o» |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CO |
14 |
a> |
04 |
04 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-O' |
© |
.3 |
© |
© |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- ■ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© |
C/2 |
C/2 |
C/5 |
C/2 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
1/5 |
C/2 |
C/5 |
C/2 |
C/2 |
C/2 |
C/2 |
C/2 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/2 |
C/2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
“Q |
3 |
3 |
o |
o |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
04 |
04 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
3 |
D |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|||||||||||||||
3 |
Cl) |
cu |
>. |
CD |
zu |
DU |
Olj |
Olj |
Cij |
>-> |
cu |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Clj |
Cl) |
>> |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Ol) |
cb |
cb |
Cl) |
Cl) |
Cl) |
ob |
|||||||||||||
o |
C |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
04 |
04 |
— |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
d |
d |
d |
3 |
d |
d |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|||||||||||||||
1— CD Q. |
+J C CD |
< |
< |
on |
GO |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
C/5 |
C/3 |
OP |
© |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
|||||||||
-C |
E 05 CD 00 |
04 |
0) |
1) |
0) |
0) |
o |
O |
04 |
04 |
04 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CT) |
© |
d |
Cl |
c; |
c; |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
•_ |
L_ |
L_ |
L_ |
; |
^ . |
u. |
; , |
U |
L_ |
•_ |
L— |
L_ |
U. |
» |
•_ |
5— |
J— |
V- |
•— |
Urn |
|||||||||||||||
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
|||||
c |
3 |
3 |
Cv |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|||||||||||||
T3 |
£ |
Sr |
05 |
C4 |
C4 |
04 |
o |
O |
0) |
"o |
04 |
T3 |
# |
s |
s |
? |
# |
2 |
s |
$ |
£ |
S |
s |
# |
# |
S |
S |
s |
s |
# |
# |
? |
# |
S |
? |
S |
||||||||||
c |
CO |
cl |
C- |
C- |
3. |
c. |
C- |
a. |
C- |
C- |
a. |
C- |
c. |
c. |
c. |
CL |
C- |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
C |
d |
CL |
© |
© |
CL |
d |
d |
C |
d |
d |
d |
CL |
CL |
C |
C |
||||||||
CO |
0) |
04 |
14 |
0) |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
0) |
||||||
a |
14 |
04 |
1/ |
o> |
0> |
It |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
CL |
C- |
04 |
04 |
CL |
CL |
04 |
04 |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
04 |
04 |
CL |
CL |
||||
>% CO |
05 o |
ro |
rn |
O' |
Q |
r> |
Q |
r> |
o |
© |
© |
© |
Q |
© |
© |
© |
Cl |
© |
© |
© |
rs |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
ov |
/*> © |
>3 © |
3 |
r\ |
rn w |
O |
3 w |
Q |
c |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Q |
Q |
0 |
O |
||||
Q |
CL |
JZ |
C/5 O |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C. |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
— |
— |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
tr |
tr |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
_ |
04 |
04 |
||||||||||||
T3 CD |
f |
1 |
' |
1 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
on |
to, |
on |
on |
on |
O^, |
GO |
GO |
CO |
CO |
© |
© |
tr |
0 |
0 |
1 — |
— |
— |
tr, |
tr, |
on |
on |
tr |
tr |
tr |
tr |
© |
© |
© |
© |
04 |
04 |
in |
in |
|||||||||||||
© |
© |
© |
© |
04 |
04 |
© |
© |
DC |
DC |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
to |
tr, |
tr, |
tr, |
O' |
O' |
O' |
DO |
DC |
© |
||||||||||||||||||||
c |
3 |
© |
o |
o |
o |
on |
on |
© |
© |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
on |
on |
© |
0 |
O |
© |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
|||||||||||||
O u |
© |
© © |
© © |
- — - © |
© |
3 |
z |
z |
z |
z |
z |
z |
© |
© |
© |
Qv |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© © |
© © |
© |
© © |
1 © |
1 © |
© |
1 © |
l © |
1 © |
© |
1 © |
|||||||||
' - r |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
< |
<: |
< |
< |
<: |
< |
uu |
UJ |
— |
UJ |
© |
© |
< |
<: |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
<r |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
||||
m |
c/s |
o |
CD |
u |
o |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
z |
z |
z |
z |
z |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
||||
l > |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_CD |
S |
2 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
5 |
D |
Cu |
a. |
CL |
K. |
a. |
X Cl |
Cl |
CL |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JO |
— |
dx o |
tr |
Of |
^r |
^r |
^r |
-r |
^r |
^r |
'“T |
to |
i/n |
to |
»r, |
to |
to |
tr, |
to |
to |
to |
»o |
to |
tr, |
tr, |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
vn |
|||||||||||||
CO |
ss |
CD |
rr |
nn |
ro |
ro |
ro |
r * |
rr\ |
rr 1 |
rp |
ro |
m |
r<> |
r<\ |
rr» |
rr |
rr\ |
rr |
r< \ |
rr* |
C2 |
C2 |
22 |
22 |
05 |
CQ |
CD |
5Q |
pa |
CD |
pa |
OD |
|||||||||||||
O |
U |
c/s |
U |
u |
O |
o |
u |
o |
u |
u |
u |
0 |
0 |
CJ |
O |
0 |
u |
O |
u |
O |
U |
O |
O |
0 |
0 |
O |
0 |
O |
u |
u |
O |
0 |
u |
O |
u |
u |
U |
U |
U |
CJ |
U |
u |
u |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
39
l/~, |
r- |
IT) |
*— |
r- |
CsJ |
— |
© |
r- |
in |
CM |
rsi |
© |
— |
CM |
^f |
__ |
sC |
o |
© |
DC |
rr |
rr |
rf |
■*f |
r- oc |
r- |
O |
© |
r- |
Tf |
n |
DC |
||||
■ |
CN |
X |
rM |
r- |
Sw |
sC |
DC |
'O |
o |
r— |
— ; |
”<f |
© |
>c |
■*f |
© |
— |
CM |
© |
r- |
sC |
m, |
r^ |
^f |
rr cs |
o |
DC |
CM |
m, |
cr |
CM |
|||||
— |
© |
X |
o |
— |
o |
vC |
i/~i |
© |
*f- |
oc |
X |
— " |
oc |
sC |
— ! |
rM |
sC |
Q\ |
f<l |
rsi |
^r |
f |
r j |
DC |
0s* |
© |
DC |
rsi |
DC |
DC |
Tf |
rf |
||||
m |
rM |
rr |
rM |
CM |
' |
Csl |
rr |
^f |
l/l |
rr |
rr |
rr |
rr |
l/D |
IO |
rr »o |
I/O |
— |
sC |
DC |
m |
o |
in |
rr in |
© |
— |
^f |
© |
o |
DC |
© |
— rsi |
— |
r- |
Cs |
’ - sC |
in |
DC |
t© |
^f |
rsi — |
in |
DC — |
© |
© |
© |
r- |
r- |
, |
||
'*© |
i/0 |
^f |
c* 0 |
iC'j |
in |
rr rr |
cr |
sf |
in |
© |
rj |
^f |
© |
t- DC |
DC |
© |
^f |
— © |
^r |
Csl |
© |
— |
DC — |
sC |
rf I/O |
r- |
i n |
^f |
cr, |
© |
»n |
|
° |
° |
° |
— — |
° |
— |
in |
rA |
— — |
— |
— |
rsi rsi |
rsi |
— |
=' |
rsi |
rsi |
— ’ rsi |
— |
rsi — |
— |
o' |
O |
© |
o |
o |
"f |
r^ |
^f |
of |
— |
Of — in |
DC |
rsi |
rM |
© |
sC |
© |
rsi |
of |
r- |
rr |
r- |
of |
DC |
rsi |
rsi |
r- |
CS |
r»* |
Cs |
>c |
||||||||||
© |
rsi |
o |
r- |
r- |
r~^ — ^ — ; |
— • |
cr |
© |
■ — ■ |
— |
© |
© |
© |
DC |
O |
rr, |
iC', |
rr |
1/0 |
«/"• |
rsj |
i/~« |
— |
r- |
iri |
DC |
sC |
Cs |
DC |
— |
i /o |
||||
in |
sO |
I/O |
Of |
Of |
Of Cs’ DC |
in |
in |
i/0 |
sC |
rr |
rsi |
rr |
ml |
r-~ |
DC |
iC% |
iCi |
Of |
Of |
rr |
rsi |
O |
o |
rr |
rr |
Of |
Of |
rsi |
rsi |
iC* j |
rr |
^f |
r^. |
rr |
i^i |
DC |
sC |
sC |
of |
© |
Cs — |
DC |
Cs |
Cs |
s© |
Of |
DC |
rsj |
r^“, |
r^ |
— |
of |
r- |
© |
sS |
r- |
r^, |
of |
© |
Of |
r- |
of |
DC |
DC |
^r, |
|||||
DC |
rsi |
o |
DC |
o |
DC — |
— ; |
Cs |
— ; |
rr |
o |
DC |
i/~ j |
r- |
of |
Of |
r- |
of |
r- |
i n |
rsj |
o |
of |
o |
of |
of |
DC |
© |
DC |
© |
of |
||||||
i/O |
sC |
tri |
Of |
of |
of |
Cs |
r- i/o |
i/o |
O |
rr |
Cs |
2 |
i/o |
sC |
DC |
of |
of |
rr |
rsi |
sO |
s© |
rr |
rr |
of |
of |
rsi |
rsi |
i^i |
rr |
of |
rr |
r- |
© |
© |
I/O |
Cs |
i/0 |
© |
rsi |
i/o |
— |
DC |
© |
^r, DC |
*~r, |
— |
© |
, — |
i^( |
© |
of |
r^ |
vr, |
»/o |
rsj |
_ _ |
DC |
rr |
rr |
rsj |
rsj |
rr |
r- |
© |
2 |
|||
— ; |
sO |
Of |
Of |
© |
— • |
iO |
rr |
DC |
O' |
© |
— rsj |
i/~, |
sO |
i/o |
r4 |
DC |
S© |
rr |
rr |
r- |
© |
© |
o |
DC |
© |
DC |
rsj |
© |
© |
rsj |
— |
rr |
||||
i^, |
«r-, |
Of |
of |
rr |
of |
r- |
s© |
of |
of |
iT', |
of |
— r- |
rr |
Of |
S© |
V© |
rr |
rsi |
rsi |
— |
rsi |
— |
rsi |
rr |
© |
© |
— |
rsi |
© |
© |
»/o |
i/0 |
rr |
rr |
rr |
— |
— |
of |
of |
© |
rsi |
rr |
rsi |
© |
»/o |
© |
CT |
DC |
-^v |
© |
— |
© |
r>i |
1C, |
© |
rj |
rM © |
© |
Of |
© |
— © |
DC |
rr |
© |
r- |
of |
rM |
— |
_ |
© |
|
o |
rsj |
rr |
o |
DC |
© |
© |
of |
DC |
© |
DC |
l/^, |
DC |
o |
rr |
DC |
of |
© |
— |
r- |
rj |
— r- |
rr |
© |
rsi Tf |
rsj |
of |
DC |
© |
rsj |
© |
DC |
© |
© |
||
i^i |
Of |
Of |
rr |
rr |
© |
i/0 |
of |
of |
of |
Of |
O |
© |
© |
rsi |
rr |
i^i |
© |
r-i |
— |
— © |
© |
© |
— © |
© |
— |
© |
© |
© |
of |
Of |
rsi |
rsi |
rsi |
§ |
rM |
Of rr |
rr |
© DC |
© |
rr © |
© rsi |
DC |
of |
DC |
rsj rr |
DC DC |
© |
in »r, |
of DC |
rM © |
of |
of © |
(N (N h |
rr |
DC rr |
rsj rr |
cr of |
© © |
§ |
§ |
rM rsj |
rr © |
DC I/O |
rM © |
Of rr |
|||
»/o |
I/O |
Of |
of |
rr |
rr |
© |
I/O |
of |
of |
of |
rr |
© |
i/^i |
© |
rsi |
rsi |
I/O |
© |
— — © |
©’ |
© |
— ’ © |
© |
— |
© |
© |
© |
of |
Of |
rM |
rsi |
ri |
© © |
I/O |
I/O |
rr |
sC |
DC |
IT, |
DC |
© |
— © © |
DC |
. — |
rM |
© |
rj |
rj |
DC |
© |
© |
- — rr |
© |
of |
— |
ur, |
iTi |
r |
— |
r-i |
© |
of |
© |
© |
||
— DC |
© |
I/O |
© |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
© |
I/o rr © |
of |
ir, |
© |
rM |
w |
rr rM |
I/O |
CM |
of |
rM © |
© |
© rr |
© DC |
DC |
of |
1/0 rM |
»/o |
rM |
of |
Of |
cx> |
>> |
D£j |
DJj |
Zt) |
Dll |
DO |
DO |
DO |
>> |
DO |
>s |
DO |
>> |
DO |
>s |
DO |
DO |
DO |
>> |
DO |
>> |
DO |
DO |
>> |
DO |
>s |
DO |
>> |
|||||||||
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
||||||||||||||||||||||
_ |
_ |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
CS |
© |
_ |
*r, |
I/O |
i/“, |
||||||||||||||||||||
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
©s |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
O' |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
O' |
0s |
© |
0s |
C** |
© |
Cs |
CS |
Cs |
© |
Cs |
Cs |
o _c |
_c |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
X |
X |
XXX |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
zj _c |
||||||||||||||||||||||
DO |
DO |
DO |
DO |
DO |
DO |
DO DO DO |
DO |
_>s |
DO |
_>s |
_>s |
DO |
DO |
_>s |
ZJ |
DO |
DO |
ZJ |
1) |
DO |
00 |
DO |
DO |
_>s |
_>s |
CL |
CL |
||||||||
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< < < |
< |
< |
-C |
< |
< |
-C |
-C |
-C |
-C |
-C |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
-C |
o y: |
o s; |
— |
» |
» |
• |
« |
■— |
■— |
u_ |
•_ |
■ |
» |
« |
« |
»■_ |
(m |
h |
Im |
t_a |
||||||||||||||||||||
5 |
L» |
ZJ |
5 |
5 |
ZJ |
o |
ZJ |
ZJ |
Lj |
DJ |
DD |
ZJ |
ZJ |
o |
0> |
ZJ |
D> |
jj |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
L» |
CJ |
ZJ |
o |
ZJ |
o |
O |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
||||||
DD |
dd |
■pj |
CD |
DD |
CD |
CD |
CQ |
CD |
Td |
CD |
CD |
CD |
c3 |
CD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
5d |
Id |
CD |
"cD |
"cD |
"cD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
^D |
~CD |
"cD |
|||
i |
£ |
S |
s |
? |
s |
S |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
i |
i CL |
CL |
1 CL |
i CL |
X |
© |
A |
A |
© |
g |
c |
j5j |
A |
A |
A |
PD |
A |
A |
c |
A |
PD |
A |
cz |
CL |
CL |
CL |
D. |
C- |
CL |
CL |
cL |
c |
CD |
CD |
z: |
z |
|
O |
o |
* 'j |
o |
rj |
o |
53 |
ZJ |
53 |
5 |
5 |
ZJ |
L> |
o |
ZJ |
o |
D |
D |
o |
L> |
o |
D |
O |
ZJ |
o |
ZJ |
L> |
O |
D |
u |
O |
ZJ |
D |
D |
L> |
ZJ |
O |
ZJ |
CL |
CL |
ZJ |
o |
ZJ |
o |
CL |
CL |
o. |
CL |
CL |
CL |
C- |
^c. |
CL |
CL |
CL |
r; |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
0 |
Zj |
o |
O |
o |
L> |
u |
Zj |
r |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
© |
© |
/■s, |
/“■s |
©V |
n |
© |
© |
Q |
© |
© |
/-> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
— |
w |
w • |
S— ' |
S— / |
w |
l_— 1 |
Vw' |
”f- |
’f' |
rM |
rM |
i/~, |
1C, |
rr |
rf |
rM |
rM |
rr |
rr |
rr |
rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
rr |
rr rr rr |
rr rr |
rr |
rr |
rr |
rr |
rr |
rr |
i/~i |
IC, |
DC |
DC |
DC |
||
" |
■ |
_ |
rM |
rM |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
V |
V |
rS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© |
©S |
r. |
rr |
_ |
_ _ |
rM |
rM |
SO |
O |
rr |
©•. |
©i |
o |
o |
sf |
© |
© |
|||||||||||||||||
r — |
DC |
DC |
rr |
rr |
rr |
© |
© |
© |
© |
rr |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
CM |
rM |
rsi |
rM |
rsi |
rj |
— |
. — |
. — |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
© |
— |
■ — |
rr |
|||||||||||||
i |
i |
i |
i |
i |
1 |
1 |
i |
i |
1 |
1 |
rM |
rM rM rM |
rM rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
rM |
, _ i, |
||||||||||||||
© < |
< |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© <r |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© < |
© <• |
© < |
© < |
U |
O O O |
O A/ |
O |
O |
A/ |
O |
A/ |
A/ |
© < |
© <: |
J |
< |
> |
> |
> LJ |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
V |
V V V |
V -s' |
> |
> |
> |
> |
zr. |
DC |
C/5 |
||||||
CL |
r ' |
<- |
© w |
- |
- |
/T |
/^s |
o |
w |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
DC |
DC |
X |
DC |
w |
S-/ |
w |
S-/ |
— |
L- — L— |
i — L— |
L- |
L-> |
L- |
L- |
— |
— |
r- |
> |
> |
> |
||||||||||||||
r**s |
rr\ |
— |
— |
— |
<■ |
<■ |
< |
< |
< |
< |
<; |
<: <; <: |
<; <: |
<• |
<■ |
<■ |
<■ |
<■ |
< |
<r |
< |
L_ |
UJ |
— |
||||||||||
O |
O |
U |
O |
o |
O |
Cj |
o |
o |
o |
2 |
2 |
-v* |
rr' |
rT' |
<*> |
2 |
2 |
/! |
VD |
y: |
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
40
“ 5 |
00 o • — |
00 |
o |
o |
r- |
00 |
tO |
O |
OO |
O' |
O' |
04 |
O' |
O' |
r |
00 |
04 |
0 |
O |
O |
_ _ |
_ _ |
o |
o |
04 |
O |
4- |
tO |
54) |
00 |
00 |
r |
||||||||||
l .2 |
(N >h C1 |
00 |
*4 i |
o |
rsi |
04 |
54 |
O' |
00 |
04 |
4- |
44 |
04 |
54 |
o |
00 |
04 |
o |
’ — |
r |
44 |
00 |
04 |
ON |
00 |
’ — * |
4- |
44 |
00 |
O |
00 |
|||||||||||
^ cc |
i/-. O O' |
O'* |
o |
rsi |
4si |
— |
rsi |
00 |
o |
44 |
54, |
04 |
■or |
o |
00 |
4^ |
4^ |
4- |
OC |
o |
O'* |
o’ |
— |
r- |
O |
sd |
— |
04 |
54) |
4-’ |
rsi |
04 |
»4, |
|||||||||
£ c > U |
r^O |
rj |
*4 , |
sO |
04 |
04 |
54 |
54 |
»4 |
»4 |
54 |
54 |
44 |
44 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
OQ |
■3 = |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
08 ‘ “ CO e 'Z |
vC ^ h |
r<". |
rsi |
DC |
sO |
04 |
O |
o |
4* |
54, |
44 |
— |
OC |
44 |
OC |
O' |
54, |
44 |
4- |
O |
54, |
0S |
44 |
DC |
OC |
r- |
O' |
44 |
54) |
54) |
44 |
sO |
— 1 |
|||||||||
-X |
X“*s |
VO 04 o4 |
rj |
DC |
«— |
04 |
OC |
DC |
■ — |
OO |
00 |
DC |
OO |
r- |
N" |
04 |
— |
44 |
54, |
54) |
o |
00 |
54) |
o |
>4) |
sC |
sO |
00 |
O |
54) |
Q\ |
0 |
||||||||||
03 |
O O © |
o |
o’ |
o’ |
o |
o |
o |
> — |
- — |
— |
— |
cd |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
o’ |
o’ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
cu |
o |
2 t |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q. |
."tS |
s a |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
rc L4 |
DX |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ai _c u |
C |
3 |
O fO — |
r%l |
O' |
O |
_ |
4- |
44 |
„ |
04 |
04 |
04 |
44 |
O' |
44 |
to |
■ |
44 |
04 |
44 |
04 |
00 |
54, |
44 |
o |
44 |
04 |
OO |
4- |
0 |
54) |
0 |
04 |
||||||||
c |
ZJ |
4- 4- |
00 |
m |
O' |
r- |
tO |
4- |
00 |
54 |
> — |
44 |
44 |
o |
sO |
O' |
’ — |
54 |
O |
0S |
04 |
»4, |
O |
04 |
O' |
44 |
tO |
*4) |
r-; |
54) |
54) |
54) |
ON |
00 |
4^ |
O |
||||||
o |
o4 04 04 |
c«0 |
rsi |
04 |
4-’ |
*4 |
«4) |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
sC |
54 |
54 |
sd |
00 |
O' |
o |
4'* |
4- |
o |
54) |
44 |
rsi |
54) |
54) |
0 |
54) |
44 |
4- |
||||||||||
>s |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
JO |
u |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
00 |
c |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
o o |
c CO |
(N ^ O |
r- |
54, |
O' |
rsi |
T‘f |
04 |
04 O |
00 |
44 |
»4, |
4- |
O' |
54, |
00 |
04 |
54, |
04 |
O |
O' |
o |
o |
O' |
00 |
O' |
O' |
44 |
44 |
44 |
04 |
O |
O |
||||||||
o |
c |
"O |
sC sC s© |
14, |
o |
54i |
54 |
O' |
O' |
OC |
00 |
o |
04 |
04 |
O' |
04 |
O' |
0N |
o |
o |
04 |
o |
o |
54 |
— |
oc |
54) |
04 |
0 |
44 |
0 |
sO |
sO |
0 |
||||||||
u |
u |
i> |
04 04 04 |
C4 |
rsi |
rsi |
r- |
4* |
54, |
54) |
04 |
04 |
rsi |
04 |
04 |
04 |
54, |
54 |
54, |
54, |
00 |
O' |
4- |
4^ |
4- |
4-* |
o |
o |
rsi |
44 |
54) |
54) |
54, |
54) |
44 |
|||||||
a; |
s o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
5X |
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 T3 |
0 |
£ c |
o o r- |
tO |
o |
00 |
rj |
54, |
54, |
44 |
O |
r- |
O' |
OC |
54, |
54, |
54, |
44 |
O' |
00 |
44 |
OO |
0 |
OC |
sO |
, |
44 |
44 |
04 |
sO |
04 |
•4) |
O' |
sO |
||||||||
■o |
° C5 |
O 04 44 |
^1" |
m |
O' |
o |
54 |
04 |
rsi |
O |
44 |
r- |
O' |
Qn |
— |
04 |
o |
4^ |
4- |
sO |
04 |
00 |
00 |
44 |
04 |
o |
o |
44 |
00 |
O' |
44 |
O |
O' |
**fr |
0 |
0 |
||||||
> |
*"■ •- |
04 04 04 |
ri |
m |
o |
— |
r- |
4~- |
04 |
04 |
— |
o |
i^i |
o |
— |
C) |
'tr |
4^ |
nO |
O |
tO |
O |
o’ |
54) |
54) |
44 |
rsi |
rsi |
rsi |
— * |
O |
0 |
0 |
rsi |
04 |
rsi |
sd |
|||||
o |
a. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
G |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_Q |
t/5 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q |
_3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a» CT) |
— - </) ai |
<40 0 O |
0 |
rf |
rsj |
54, |
O' |
0 |
, |
N" |
04 |
sO |
44 |
nO |
O' |
54, |
54, |
0 |
c^, |
54, |
G |
O |
0 |
O |
O' |
O' |
'tr |
54) |
44 |
04 |
OO |
O' |
54) |
|||||||||
— <5 |
h X o |
rsi |
o |
54 |
54, |
rsi |
44 |
sO |
O |
o |
04 |
O |
ON |
O |
54 |
04 |
44 |
DC |
sC |
DC |
O |
o |
54, |
O |
o |
o |
OC |
o |
O' |
5T-) |
sO |
O |
4- |
44 |
0 |
04 |
||||||
X |
Oi CL |
44 fN <4 |
r4 |
rsi |
o |
o |
4-’ |
— |
— |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o’ |
o |
04 |
04 |
04 |
o |
«4 |
vO |
sC |
o |
o |
54) |
o |
<=> |
° |
— |
o |
44 |
04 |
— |
— |
rsi |
sd |
||||||
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
£ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a> |
3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
£ |
0 o4 04 |
r- |
o |
sO |
4vl |
44 |
04 |
o |
o |
o |
o |
54 |
54, |
O' |
O |
54, |
O |
04 |
54, |
54, |
o |
r- |
0^, |
4- |
sO |
44 |
44 |
OC |
so |
O' |
54) |
||||||||||
0 s© 00 |
rg |
o |
f4 |
rsj |
rsi |
ON |
o |
O |
o |
o |
o |
O' |
o |
44 |
00 |
44 |
*4 |
o |
DC |
o |
o |
54) |
04 |
o |
o |
o |
r- |
54) |
»4) |
r- |
54) |
0 |
04 |
|||||||||
o 00 |
44 rsi rsi |
(N |
r3 |
O |
o |
4- |
C |
— |
o |
o |
o’ |
O |
o |
o |
o’ |
04 |
rsi |
04 |
to |
54) |
o |
sO |
o |
O |
54) |
o |
o |
o |
o |
— 1 |
o |
rsi |
rsi |
*— |
— |
rsi |
sO |
|||||
00 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
</) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
to |
^ _ 3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
D o |
b w |
O 0 oc |
rsj |
vO |
o |
4- |
O' |
o |
tO |
O' |
O' |
O' |
54, |
O' |
44 |
44 |
O' |
54, |
o |
O' |
sO |
r- |
44 |
O'. |
o |
44 |
0 |
54) |
||||||||||||||
fl |
O' O 1- |
m |
*4, |
oc |
4J |
N" |
o |
54 |
o |
sO |
04 |
44 |
O' |
— |
O' |
DC |
4- |
oc |
O' |
OC |
OC |
oc |
DC |
44 |
44 |
sO |
sO |
00 |
oc |
oc |
O' |
00 |
54) |
|||||||||
D |
— L |
-f (N IT| |
rg |
04 |
OO |
44 |
54 , |
N" |
O' |
04 |
4- |
04 |
tO |
44 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
44 |
54) |
44 |
04 |
— |
|||||||||||||||||||
c |
C 0/ 3 5/5 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4-* |
2 - |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
0 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u |
*3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a* |
O |
, . |
w |
w |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-C |
ZJ |
"ob S' "So |
>> 03 |
4Z _Cfj |
C3 |
"ob |
D4 CO |
"ob |
CO |
J= Op |
54 03 |
"ob |
04 C3 |
"ob |
54 03 |
"cb |
54 03 |
-C ct> |
54 03 |
"5b |
54 03 |
54 03 |
Txj |
54 03 |
LZ 01) |
54 C3 |
[cb |
54 03 |
"ob |
54 03 |
-C 01) |
54 cz |
j= OXj |
54 03 |
x: OXJ |
03 |
J=. ob |
ob |
54 03 |
|||
i— |
z cs z |
/-N |
iz |
Q |
z |
Q |
z |
rt |
z |
z |
0 |
z |
a |
z |
0 |
z |
4s |
z |
0 |
z |
0 |
z |
0 |
z |
c |
z |
04 |
z |
0 |
z |
Q |
iz |
a |
z |
a |
iz |
z |
O |
||||
o H- |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
to |
v*. <4, 14, |
o |
r^5 |
04 |
oc |
00 |
oc |
DC |
00 |
00 |
OO |
DC |
OC |
OC |
DC |
OC |
00 |
DC |
o |
O |
||||||||||||||||||||||
^ |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
DC |
oc |
oc |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
00 |
OC |
DC |
OC |
00 |
O' |
O' |
O |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0S |
O' |
0S |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
||||
u |
> |
O' 0s O' |
o^ |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0s |
0S |
O |
0S |
0s |
0s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0S |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
||||||
00 4- ’ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
53 53 |
53 |
10 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4-“' |
T 4, r- |
SL |
_c |
• _ |
t |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
3 |
15 3 3 "S 53 53 x > > |
>> |
s> |
x ob |
— |
>3 |
04 |
10 |
10 |
54 |
54 |
35 3 Zh |
5b |
5 |
b 10 |
10 Xi 0 |
10 JC, |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
X OO |
To 3 04) |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
54 |
||||
o ’ 1— 0) Q. |
■b c a> |
S? |
u O O c z z |
< |
< |
CL < |
C- < |
5 |
—. |
—■ |
< |
< |
10 C/5 |
10 C/5 |
ZJ w |
ZJ |
- |
L. |
■=i |
•A |
< |
3 < |
3 |
^3 |
3 |
_3 |
3 |
3 |
^3 |
_3 |
||||||||||||
4—1 _c |
E |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
03 <u |
•p |
t- u. b |
i— |
•— |
u. |
u |
U- |
•— |
Urn |
•— |
•— |
•— |
!— |
•— |
i— |
i— |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
•w |
15 15 <l> |
o |
rj |
o» |
rj |
ZJ |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
ZJ |
ZJ |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
O |
15 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
|||
c |
CO „ |
C3 |
C3 |
C3 |
s |
CZ |
CZ |
C3 |
C3 |
03 |
C3 |
03 |
C3 |
03 |
C3 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
CZ |
03 |
03 |
03 |
cz |
CZ |
CZ |
C3 |
cz |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
03 |
||||
■a |
£ |
=S S ? 1 1 1 |
# i |
# i |
i |
1 |
* i |
z 1 |
2 i |
2 1 |
£ i |
i |
5 i |
• |
i |
i |
rS l |
i |
i |
? 1 |
? i |
s i |
$ i |
# |
5 1 |
i i |
$ • |
# i |
# i |
s i |
S |
J i |
5 |
|||||||||
r— |
03 |
c c c |
Cl |
cz |
c Z |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
3 |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
3 |
CL |
CL |
0 |
C |
C |
3 |
CL |
3 |
||
03 |
u y w |
0> |
ZJ |
ZJ |
o |
o |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
15 |
1) |
||||||
v— |
0 |
C- CL CL |
C- |
CL |
CL |
a. |
C- |
Cl |
CL |
C- |
c. |
CL |
c_ |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
Cu |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
o |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
1> |
15 |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
1> |
CL |
||
>* 03 Q |
03 o i— Q_ |
_ {/> — b ~ 0/ |
G O O |
/ “N |
o |
/*■> |
O |
Q |
Q |
C |
/«4 W |
0 |
/• N |
O |
0 |
0. |
0 |
0 |
o |
0 ■w |
O |
o |
P*s |
<4 Lo |
o |
Q |
a |
o |
o |
o |
o |
Q |
o |
|||||||||
XXX |
vO |
O |
sC |
sO |
4~ |
4- |
4-~ |
r- |
4~ |
4- |
4- |
4- |
4" |
r — |
f4 |
04 |
54) |
*4, |
04 |
04 |
04 |
o4 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
54) |
»4) |
44 |
44 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
||||||||
"O <U |
O £ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C |
V V V |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_ _ _ |
DC |
DC |
00 |
00 |
sC |
O |
DC |
DC |
04 |
04 |
O' |
0S |
44 |
44 |
0 |
0 |
54) |
54) |
*4) |
00 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Z 4 Z |
00 |
DC |
DC |
DC |
44 |
44 |
DC |
00 |
04 |
04 |
. — |
oc |
DC |
00 |
00 |
o |
O' |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
3 |
2£ |
o |
o |
o |
04 |
04 |
- — |
— |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
■ — |
— |
— |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
44 |
||||||||||||||||||
O u |
U3 U3 Ll! > > > |
o O' |
o O' |
o O' |
5 |
rsj o |
<N |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 |
44 o |
O' |
0S |
o |
0S |
O' |
O' |
Q\ |
O' |
o O' |
0S |
o O' |
o O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
|||
' - " |
U3 UJ U3 |
< |
< |
< |
< |
r~ |
P“ |
— |
p- |
L— |
p- |
p- |
L- |
p- |
L |
b~ |
l — |
— |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
||||
m |
t/j |
C/3 V3 on |
> |
> |
> |
> |
C/J |
CA) |
bo |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
||
> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ar |
CBP Seumcn |
i i i |
i |
2 |
i |
i |
i |
i |
G |
i |
G |
i |
i |
I |
I |
2 |
lI |
— |
EZ |
G |
PS |
/~s |
= |
5 |
i |
s |
i |
i |
— 2 |
i |
IL |
|||||||||||
jD |
> > > |
G |
— - |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
t— |
p- |
f — |
L— |
f— |
j — |
f— . |
f- |
h* |
f- |
h |
CL |
||||||||||||||
,03 |
lj a ^ |
CJ |
o |
o |
o |
< |
< |
<c |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
b |
0S sJ |
w |
0 |
Q |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
0 |
o |
Cl |
|||||||||
C/3 C/3 C/3 |
?/3 |
c n |
C/J |
C/3 |
LL |
— |
u- |
CL |
Cl |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
c_ |
P |
CL |
Q |
CL |
Cl |
0- |
Cl |
CL |
CL |
CL |
a: |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
RPPTF
41
DC |
o |
— |
— |
o |
00 rr |
OC |
sC |
o |
v> |
— |
Cs| |
r- |
— |
fM |
V |
V |
or |
CsJ |
cr |
r^ |
cr |
or |
rsi |
rr |
or |
rr |
r- |
rsi |
sO |
0s |
sO |
o |
oc |
r- |
||
J |
Cs| |
r- |
sc |
oc |
■ — rr |
0s |
p |
oc |
<N |
oc |
v |
rr |
VO |
vo |
sC |
p |
• — |
rr |
oT |
© |
cs |
vo |
OC |
V> |
rsi |
sC |
<N |
o |
r** |
<^o |
rr. |
o |
||||
r- |
sC |
o |
of |
C4’ |
— rf |
o |
V |
— |
of |
I/O |
rr |
h-* |
G |
sc |
0s* |
of |
o’ |
rsi |
oc |
OC |
of |
of |
sd |
sd |
of |
v~] |
o |
oc |
00 |
o’ |
^-f |
sO |
Q\ |
sC |
||
■ |
— |
rr |
cr |
rsi |
rsi |
rr |
rr |
vo |
V^i |
rsi |
rr. |
r*0 |
— |
rsi |
rj |
rsi |
Qs |
c* 0 |
— |
r<o |
OC |
r^, |
oc |
o |
Q\ |
CS |
r-> |
o |
<^1 |
c^ |
vo |
c* 0 |
Q\ |
oc |
r«0 — |
rsi |
oc |
cr, |
<N |
vo |
r- v^( |
sO |
||||||
vo |
T^- |
vo |
m |
r- |
o |
r*0 |
V^i |
— |
c+~, |
r<0 |
rsi |
or |
**t |
r^i |
vo |
rsi |
vo |
sC |
sC |
SO |
o |
oc |
o |
, — Cs |
vo |
V', |
vo |
sO |
r- |
oc — |
p |
||||
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o’ |
<d |
o |
O |
c> |
o |
o |
o |
o’ |
o’ |
o |
o’ |
o |
o |
— |
— |
c> |
o’ |
— |
— <d |
o’ |
o |
o’ |
o |
o |
o’ |
o’ — |
rsi |
rsi |
or |
Cs| |
o |
— |
rsi |
— |
sC |
o |
rsi |
v^, |
o |
Csl |
o |
rsi |
o |
— |
Cs |
ro |
m |
or |
m |
of |
o |
oc |
sO |
r>i |
rsi |
sC |
Cs |
^__ |
v~, |
fO |
rr |
||||
O |
sO |
Cs |
C<0 |
vo |
rr |
P |
p |
Cs |
Of |
(N |
p |
c* o |
Cs |
rsi |
Cs |
— |
oc |
p |
r*0 |
c*o |
so |
p |
sO |
sC |
rsi |
rsi |
rsi |
rr |
o |
rr |
Cs |
oc |
or |
||||
r-’ |
SO |
r- |
sd |
sO |
o |
o |
vo |
sC |
v~, |
sC |
of |
v-’. |
or |
of |
cd |
ro |
rsi |
cr |
— |
— |
sG |
sC |
sO |
sO |
vi |
sr] |
rd |
rr |
vo |
c> |
o |
o |
vo |
ro |
rsi |
o |
r- |
O |
o |
r- |
rsi |
rsi |
oc |
or |
sC |
V^j |
r o |
OC |
rr |
r- |
o |
o |
o |
C> |
O |
o |
c> |
0 |
r- |
_ |
rsi |
. |
oc |
tT |
|||
vo |
p |
oc |
rsi |
vo |
p |
ro |
vo |
p |
o |
KT, |
rsi |
or |
r*0 |
c |
rsi |
Cs |
— * |
o |
p |
vO |
oc |
r- |
sG |
Cs |
p |
OC |
r- |
rr |
ro |
rsi |
rsi |
rg |
Cs |
sr, |
|||
o |
r- |
r-’ |
sO |
r-’ |
r-’ |
r- |
sG |
sG |
sG |
sd |
v~, |
sG |
V~j |
sG |
ir, |
vo |
or |
or |
rr |
rr |
rsi |
ro |
— ’ |
— * |
sG |
sG |
sG |
sG |
vo |
vo |
or |
c*~. |
V"i |
or — |
— sO |
— |
ro |
v-( |
Cs |
r» |
oc |
c* 0 |
sO |
— |
— |
or |
vo |
OO |
, — |
or |
sG |
V", |
O |
o |
o |
Q |
o |
o |
o |
o |
r- |
fO |
— or |
|||||
or — |
— ; V0 |
vo |
p |
rr |
r- |
p |
rsi |
vo |
Cs |
O |
oc |
oc |
rsi |
or |
vo |
or |
— |
OC |
oc |
o r |
sC |
or |
p |
r*0 |
or |
or |
ro |
ro |
rsi |
— P |
||||
sd r- |
r-‘ sd |
sd |
r- |
o |
r- |
ir, |
sd |
ir, |
iri |
ir] |
v^i |
vo |
vo |
or |
of |
— |
rsi |
rsi |
— |
o |
o |
V'j |
v, |
V. |
vi |
of |
or |
rsi |
rsi rsi |
oc |
r- |
cr |
o |
r- |
. — |
v~, |
or |
sG |
sG |
or |
v-, |
OC |
o |
or |
OC |
— |
ir, |
or |
oc |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
oc |
rr |
oc |
O r<-. rf |
r> |
||||
rsi |
sG |
or |
ro |
ro |
rsi |
■ — |
oc |
■ — |
O |
r- |
sG |
sG |
rsi |
oc |
o |
r o |
oc |
rsi |
sG |
rx |
rsi |
Cs |
r-* |
r*o |
ro |
o |
Cs |
o |
V, |
Vi |
rsi |
sG |
|||
sC |
sG |
sG |
sG |
sG |
sG |
sG |
r- |
vo |
V~J |
vo |
V', |
of |
vo |
V, |
of |
r*o |
c* 0 |
cd |
o |
of |
vo |
vo |
V, |
rr |
rr • — ■ — |
OC |
r- |
r- |
rr |
r- |
r- |
«— |
V, |
— |
sG |
sG |
or |
V, |
oc |
rr |
or |
o |
. — |
Cs |
Cs |
rsi |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o |
o |
OC |
G |
Cs |
Cs |
C4 |
r- |
o |
|
rsi |
p |
P |
or |
— |
cr |
rsi |
— |
OC |
■ — ; |
P |
p |
p |
p |
p |
oc |
o |
p |
P |
■ — ; |
p |
O |
p |
p |
or |
■ — ; |
*— • |
p |
o |
oc |
Cs |
Vi |
or |
— |
p, |
p |
00 |
rr |
sC |
sG |
sG |
sG |
sd |
r- |
sC |
sG |
r- |
V, |
vo |
V |
or |
of |
vo |
Vi |
of |
r^, |
rr |
— |
— |
— |
— - |
— |
o |
o’ |
of |
of |
v] |
V, |
rr |
cr |
— |
o’ |
rsi |
rsi |
oc |
oc |
rr |
or sG |
Vi |
rr |
O sG |
— rsi |
Vi |
O |
rr |
o |
oc |
o |
r- |
rsi |
rx |
rr |
rsi |
rsi |
cs |
rsi |
sG |
. — |
o |
— rsi |
o |
o |
cr |
rr |
rr |
oc |
C^ |
rr |
C4 |
sG |
V, |
- — rr |
v» |
- — rr |
or C4 |
rr |
G |
oc |
oc |
r- |
rsi |
rr |
v, |
oc |
. — |
or |
or |
Vi |
r- |
OC |
sO |
— oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
or |
o |
|||
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
rsi |
v, |
rsi |
of |
r- |
or |
sG |
rr |
rr |
' — |
— |
rr |
rr |
-G |
— » |
— - |
— * |
— |
♦— |
— |
— |
— |
*- |
— - |
— |
— |
— |
w |
— |
— * |
||||||||||||||||||||
“oD |
>s C3 |
"cL |
>s CO |
’ob |
CO |
>> CO |
"ob |
o' 00 |
>» CO |
-3 cx) |
>> cz |
"cb |
>s CZ |
"ob |
^ 00 |
>> CZ |
"cb |
*ob |
>> 3 |
"ob |
>* 3 |
"ob |
3 |
"cb |
”cb |
>% 3 |
01 o |
3 |
"cb |
>s 3 |
'cb |
>s 3 |
|||
iz |
r\ |
z |
Q |
z |
z |
z-s |
z |
Cl z |
n |
z |
z |
Z~S |
z |
Q Z |
r s |
z |
z |
z |
z |
z |
Q |
z |
z-s |
z |
^s |
iz |
n\ |
iz |
Q |
o |
o |
o |
C1 |
o |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
Cs |
Cs |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
|
Cs |
CS |
C4 |
C4 |
Cs |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
C4 |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
c> |
C' |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
>> ox) cxi
— 33'
P < <
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
u p G H. |
o p 0) £■ S |
X |
5 -G |
5 p |
|||||
00 |
3) |
ob |
5b |
5b |
5b |
5b |
Si |
>? |
Si |
c |
o o |
||||
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
o C/3 |
O 3 C/3 |
p |
p |
-5 < |
< |
^ -2 <
. . l iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
33333333 3 3C33C333333C33C-Q.C-C.C.C1.0.Q.CC3333C
USD'DODC/OO 0) 003->0D000D00000D000CD0flD0l«>^l>^>^>l2->l>
c.c.ac.c.ac.c.aaac.ac.c,c.c.ci.CLaaD.c.'*) o o o o o u d c_ c. c_ c_ c. c_ c_
V /— S s /■*— . /—N ^"S /— N <«■■*, ^ /—S ^“S /“> /*“ S i^N /**S /“S ^"S ^ <"> /“> /"S Z*^ (Z-> Z^ Z^. f- >
LD Lj LJ O w iw w' S-J w' 'w W S-/ W W 'w' W W W W W W W S-/ *— * >— 1 — — •— J •— * *— 1 W S-Z W W W W S-*
r, r', 't Tf rf vC o o O r^( r, r, r, rj (N r, r, o c x x x x x x x x x x > — — oo
oc |
oc |
oc |
o |
o |
o |
o |
<7* |
CS |
CS |
C4 |
Of |
or |
or |
or |
oc |
oc |
rsi |
rj |
— |
C4 |
CS |
C4 |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
CS |
p |
C4 |
P4 |
oc |
oc |
C4 |
'00 |
|
rj |
rsi |
rsi |
rr |
rr |
rr |
r^i |
rr |
rr |
rr |
rr |
rsi |
rsi |
rsi |
<N |
rs| |
rsi |
’ — |
■ — |
N |
O4 |
o |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
Cs |
C4 |
C4 |
CS |
C4 |
C4 |
C4 |
Cs |
CS |
CS |
CS |
CS |
C4 |
Cs |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
<r |
< |
<r |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
rsi rsi
55225252222255c'C'O'0'C'
— — — — — — — — — ^.^.G'Cscsc'C4
Ll. Ll^ Li- Li- Li- Ll- Lu U.U.U.""^“^-r^-»-r.^^^;n r> n r> n ft. n. ft. g_ g_ 0- tl. CL CL CL CL CL
f— E— HHHf—f— C
^^^^^,,-3-3- a- 3_ 3- 3- 3- 3- ^£.3^:33333 ^ r, ~ r' q r> r* ^ — — CL. — CL — ~*~ ~£~ ^ ~x~ /—s /— s /-s ^ >-s ^-s
GlEIalGlGlGlEiHIalSZGlG-c-c-a-cIa-c-^^^ — — ^ — — ^^PpSS^
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
c |
C |
Q\ |
_ _ |
f^i |
r- |
0 |
o |
O |
_ _ |
rr |
VO, |
s© |
rg |
cT |
© |
rg |
VO, |
© |
VO, |
O |
vo, |
VO |
oc |
co |
.43 |
S© |
r- |
© |
oc |
o |
rg |
||||||||||||||
o |
oc |
© |
— |
DC |
O |
r- |
be |
rT |
cn |
rr |
s© |
VO |
oc |
rg |
O |
r- |
r- |
— |
vo |
s© |
s© |
O |
© |
CO |
co |
■ |
|||||||||||||||||||
o |
vo |
DC |
o |
rsi |
cr, |
rg |
S© |
v^, |
s© |
o* |
r- |
oc |
©’ |
DC |
DC |
o’ |
DC |
rsi |
s© |
r- |
— |
co |
rsi |
© |
VO) |
© |
CO |
rg |
rg |
c© |
— |
co |
VO) |
CO |
sd |
sd |
|||||||||
£ |
co |
• — |
rg |
rg |
rr |
rr |
■ — |
— |
S© |
s© |
— - |
■ — |
— |
■ — |
CO |
rg |
rg |
• — |
•“ |
• |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
08 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
X* |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
U |
© |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
00 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a. |
“3 |
C |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
L. |
© |
VO, |
V/", |
rg |
s© |
ir, |
QV |
cr |
o |
c© |
S© |
rg |
v~t |
rr |
r- |
s© |
r- |
•o, |
© |
. — |
. — |
o |
DC |
r- |
CO |
— |
o |
rg |
o |
■ — |
VO |
VO, |
© |
— |
s© |
r- |
CO |
||||||||
-w |
DC |
sC |
r- |
o |
rg |
r- |
be |
rg |
v^< |
r- |
S© |
s© |
s© |
v~< |
■ — |
o |
o |
• — |
CO |
^s |
rg |
DC |
»0 |
DC |
oc |
rg |
CO |
v© |
^s |
r- |
vo |
s© |
rg |
rg |
CO |
tj- |
|||||||||
03 |
68 |
, _ ! |
d |
o |
rg |
ri |
. — |
o’ |
. — |
o’ |
o’ |
O |
o |
o |
o |
_ |
. — |
, — |
f— s |
f*1 |
o |
o |
o’ |
. — |
— |
. — |
— |
o’ |
o |
o’ |
o |
O' |
o’ |
o |
o’ |
d |
d |
d |
d |
||||||
a> |
o |
38 |
> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
cl |
55 |
c |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ro |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
OX |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a> _c u |
E_ |
S 68 O |
© |
00 |
rr, |
_ |
, . |
j |
o |
©V |
s© |
rr |
© |
DC |
© |
CO |
CO |
© |
oc |
r- |
o |
vo, |
r |
CO |
© |
© |
r- |
© |
|||||||||||||||||
rg |
3- |
oc |
r- |
ro |
rr |
o |
s© |
CT |
rr |
rr |
OC |
s© |
V") |
ro |
r~i |
r- |
r- |
© |
VO |
vo, |
— |
s© |
CO |
»o |
© |
rg |
vo |
r |
r- |
o |
S© |
r- |
CO |
VO) |
rg |
■ — ; |
CO |
© |
|||||||
3? |
voi |
r- |
oc |
oc |
<ro |
VO |
r^* |
r- |
00 |
V© |
s© |
rsi |
rsi |
— |
— |
s© |
r~ |
T |
vb |
VO |
vo |
S© |
S© |
vo] |
s© |
VO) |
voi |
r- |
r |
sd |
|||||||||||||||
>N |
■w |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-Q |
C8 u |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
00 |
e |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
X |
od |
c |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
68 |
r*0 |
O' |
oc |
ro |
rg |
rr |
V^i |
oc |
©s |
o |
rg |
S© |
rg |
DC |
r- |
— |
© |
r- |
rg |
— |
— |
■ — |
DC |
o |
— |
rg |
o |
DC |
— |
• — |
© |
co |
© |
||||||||||||
O |
“3 |
S© |
s© |
S© |
rg |
©\ |
> — |
rg |
rT |
rr |
r- |
cO |
<o |
s© |
© |
VO |
co |
CO |
— |
s© |
• — |
co |
CO |
VO |
VO |
S© |
oc |
© |
oc |
CO |
VO |
rg |
X |
rg |
o |
||||||||||
u |
o |
I/O |
r- |
oc |
oc |
^r, |
r- |
r- |
r-’ |
oc |
r- |
S©’ |
s© |
rsi |
rg |
— |
— |
s© |
r- |
Tf |
T |
»o, |
VO, |
vo, |
vo, |
vo, |
vo, |
s© |
S© |
voi |
voi |
VO) |
voi |
r- |
r- |
r- |
|||||||||
a; |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 g-* |
He >> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TO X |
o |
«e |
e |
rg |
co |
O' |
S© |
O |
oc |
v^ |
s© |
rg |
OC |
CO |
© |
OC |
—s |
DC |
rg |
vo, |
rg |
DC |
vo, |
DC |
— s |
O |
CO |
rg |
rg |
oc |
|||||||||||||||
"O |
r- |
co |
rt |
r- |
> — |
O |
rr |
rg |
r- |
Tf |
S© |
• — |
© |
© |
oc |
© |
rr |
O |
VO |
— |
vo, |
CO |
vo |
"t |
VO |
s© |
CO |
DC |
VO |
oc |
O |
O |
00 |
o |
o |
o |
r |
© |
CO |
||||||
O X |
ZJ |
l. o |
rsi |
S© |
S© |
s© |
S© |
r o |
ro |
S© |
o |
S© |
s© |
r^- |
vi |
CO |
s© |
s© |
CO |
r>i |
CO |
VO |
VO |
Tj- |
»oi |
voi |
T |
sd |
sd |
sd |
|||||||||||||||
_Q |
c/3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C |
Q |
CD |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a> x> |
t/3 |
r- |
^s |
_ _ |
rg |
©* |
DC |
ro |
V^, |
rg |
rg |
ir, |
rg |
© |
ro |
S© |
»o, |
r- |
DC |
DC |
vo, |
vo, |
rg |
co |
DC |
© |
rg |
oc |
s© |
_ |
vo |
r |
rg |
© |
VO |
||||||||||
— |
CD |
r- |
s© |
— |
rr |
vo |
O' |
o |
rg |
oc |
rg |
s© |
r- |
S© |
rr |
o |
o |
VO |
s© |
Q\ |
— |
o |
oc |
© |
O |
— |
© |
rT |
O |
CO |
VO |
co |
r» |
S© |
oo |
oc |
s© |
cO |
o |
||||||
X o |
Zj &. |
*“ ■ |
to |
uo |
uo |
S© |
s© |
S© |
vb |
s© |
vS |
v-> |
VO |
VO |
CO |
CO |
CO |
° |
ri |
vo |
v/b |
CO |
N© |
s© |
s© |
S© |
sd |
sd |
|||||||||||||||||
X |
5 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a» |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
g |
o |
Q |
r- |
ro |
ir, |
s© |
— |
cr |
o |
v^, |
rg |
o |
V", |
S© |
vo, |
© |
o |
o |
r- |
CO |
DC |
»— 1 |
r- |
o |
S© |
CO |
DC |
VO, |
o |
DC |
DC |
— |
s© |
r |
rg |
© |
vo, |
|||||||
o |
— |
r- |
— |
rg |
o |
o |
rg |
oc |
rg |
s© |
r- |
O |
rg |
— |
o |
o |
VO) |
© |
— |
o |
DC |
S© |
© |
vo, |
CO |
VO |
s© |
CO |
s© |
S© |
s© |
00 |
S© |
CO |
O |
||||||||||
o uo uo |
_c |
— |
</b |
— |
— |
s© |
s© |
s© |
VI |
r- |
s© |
vb |
VO |
O |
c> |
o’ |
o |
vo |
VO |
co |
cO |
co |
o’ |
o’ |
— |
— |
CO |
o |
CO |
CO |
sd |
sd |
V© |
sd |
sd |
sd |
|||||||||
2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
X |
s/s |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
to |
c |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
X |
w |
_© |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
DC |
CO |
uo |
DC |
V© |
©s |
. — |
CS |
v~, |
— |
© |
— |
© |
© |
vo, |
vo, |
s© |
© |
CO |
co |
© |
-r |
co |
s© |
O |
r |
o |
vo, |
© |
o |
s© |
s© |
or |
oc |
cO |
||||||||||
co |
s© |
r- |
rg |
o |
O' |
rr |
DC |
be |
rg |
r- |
DC |
©s |
DC |
vo, |
S© |
© |
— |
rg |
rg |
DC |
DC |
rg |
— |
© |
s© |
oc |
r- |
oc |
's© |
rg |
»0 |
rg |
rg |
s© |
|||||||||||
D |
DC |
cO |
S© |
rg |
— |
ro |
ro |
o |
© |
«— |
— |
DC |
r- |
o |
r- |
vo |
rg |
VO |
— ■ |
— |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
C |
o |
— |
co |
* — |
— |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C/3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-r-' c |
2 |
-C o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o u |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a» |
c |
w |
-*-• |
4— |
4— |
4-* |
4-> |
■—> |
4-» |
w |
4-> |
4-» |
— |
♦— |
4— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-C |
u 0D |
_cu |
20 63 |
"Eb |
>> C 3 |
"ob |
>> cz |
Tfj |
>> C3 |
*ob |
C3 |
"ob |
63 |
Tu |
>S CZ |
Tu |
>s 63 |
Tu |
>D |
Tu |
>s 63 |
Tu |
>s 63 |
Tu |
>> 63 |
Tu |
63 |
Tu |
63 |
Tu |
>> 63 |
Tu |
>s 63 |
Tu |
>s 63 |
Tj |
63 |
DU |
>s cz |
lC DU |
CZ |
L— ou |
|||
L- |
Cl |
z |
rs |
z |
o |
z |
z |
r o |
z |
r> |
z |
z |
© |
z |
Q, |
z |
Q |
z |
Os |
z |
O |
z |
r> |
z |
r\ |
z |
OV |
z |
X |
z |
ON |
z |
r |
z |
Q |
iz |
a |
z |
Q |
z |
|||||
o M— |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
uo |
“ |
— |
— |
— |
o |
o |
o |
O |
O |
o |
o |
O |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r- |
r |
r- |
r- |
r- |
— |
— |
4— • |
— |
|||||||||||||||||||||
0s |
O' |
Qs |
Q\ |
©s |
©v |
©^ |
O |
o |
3s |
©^ |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
oc |
DO |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
|||||
CJ |
£ |
Q\ |
© |
O' |
0s |
©V |
©s |
©s |
©V |
©N |
©s |
©^ |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
Qs |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
|||
CO |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TO |
i~ |
• _ |
i— |
• |
i— |
u. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D |
6/ |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
+-* |
.© |
_© |
-C |
_c |
_C |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_c |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/1 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/l |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
|||||||||||||||||
X |
3 |
a> |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3D |
3D |
3 |
3 |
3D |
3D |
© |
© |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
3 |
© |
|||||||||
© |
DU |
ot» |
Dij |
c-o |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
>, |
>> |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
DU |
0U |
OX) |
0X) |
0X) |
||||||||||||
O |
© |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
© |
© |
3 |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
3 |
|||||||||||||
a; Q. |
L c a; |
< |
C/3 |
C/3 |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
C/3 |
C/3 |
< |
< |
on |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
||||||||
-C |
E |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
m |
X> < V |
“3 |
Ui |
•— |
•— |
U- |
i— |
t— |
l_ |
j_ |
Urn |
i_ |
•_ |
Urn |
i— |
l— |
5— |
*_ |
J— |
S— 1 |
s— |
i— i |
J— |
||||||||||||||||||||||
1) |
a j |
0/ |
“V |
0/ |
ID |
L» |
a> |
OD |
L> |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
||||||
c |
68 |
co |
cz |
C3 |
C3 |
C3 |
C3 |
C3 |
63 |
cz |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
CD |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
CZ |
63 |
63 |
63 |
© |
© |
63 |
cz |
65 |
63 |
63 |
63 |
|||
X |
E |
Sc |
«/) |
s 1 |
$ 1 |
# i |
$ i |
* i |
i |
i |
? i |
? i |
>■ i |
i |
i |
1 |
? i |
? i |
5 i |
# i |
# i |
£ i |
=s i |
2 |
# |
5 1 |
* i |
# |
5 I |
# l |
$ 1 |
$ i |
* i |
# 1 |
i |
i |
S |
s |
5 |
s |
S |
||||
c |
TO |
r- |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3d |
O |
V |
OJ |
D |
V |
6D |
O |
6D |
1> |
3D |
3D |
© |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
3D |
|||||
03 |
Q |
cl |
a. |
a. |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
||||
XI o |
/■> |
o |
/—S |
o |
o |
<«"S |
/O |
Z-S |
^~s |
'“s |
<^“S |
/-s |
c |
o |
^■S |
o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> 03 |
w |
w • |
w |
•w |
N— ' |
w |
'w |
w |
w |
<sJ |
s-D |
O |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q |
a_ |
— |
</) L. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
cl |
o |
o |
o |
r- |
r- |
s© |
o |
o |
©s |
rr |
rr |
v~, |
VO |
s© |
s© |
S© |
s© |
vo |
vo, |
CO |
CO |
CO |
CO |
s© |
S© |
S© |
s© |
■Tf |
CO |
CO |
rg |
rg |
^r |
||||||||||||
X <U |
o |
s |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
. — |
t— |
— |
— |
rr |
rr |
oc |
oc |
cr |
rr |
© |
© |
s© |
O |
s© |
S© |
s© |
s© |
o |
o |
o |
s© |
rg |
rg |
r |
r |
V© |
sO |
||||||||||||||||||
S© |
S© |
V© |
s© |
r- |
r- |
r~ |
r- |
S© |
V© |
s© |
S© |
DC |
OC |
DC |
OC |
C*~, |
CO |
r*. |
CO |
rg |
rg |
o |
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
© |
o |
o |
o |
O |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
o |
o |
O |
o |
CO |
co |
CO |
CO |
co |
CO |
co |
co |
CO |
CO |
CO |
CO |
co |
co |
||||||||||||||
o |
jg |
o |
o |
o |
JL |
J. |
, — |
— |
<6 |
o |
o |
o |
T |
T |
J. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u |
_ |
_ |
C*' |
©V |
c> |
©> |
©V |
Q\ |
©V |
©s |
© |
^s |
© |
Q s |
Qs |
© |
3s |
© |
Q>, |
Q> |
Qs |
© |
o |
rg |
rg m |
rg n |
rg |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
||||||||||
3s |
<: |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
CSI |
CSI |
CSI |
CSI |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
|||||||||||
m |
c/s |
© |
0s |
O' |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
u |
u |
o |
U |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
|||||||||
> |
•w © |
-T- |
— |
= |
= |
-j; |
— |
T* |
”7" |
— |
z: |
— |
— p |
-T- |
T |
— |
x |
X |
x |
x |
x |
x |
— |
— |
al |
22 |
X |
T* |
_ |
22 |
|||||||||||||||
a* |
CJ |
r* |
2_ |
p |
f— |
2 |
2 |
2 |
*r- zC |
2 |
2 |
/*~s |
o> |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
||||||||||||||||||
_Q |
fi. |
c OX o |
/■N |
c |
/— s |
^“S |
C/3 |
rXl |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
y3 |
y: |
CA) |
L U |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
O |
u |
O |
C |
CJ |
C |
O |
C |
22 |
22 |
o |
a |
a |
a |
■ 02 yi |
CC y ) |
||||||||
to |
Cfi |
CJ |
s-/ |
w 2 |
'w< |
■? |
■? |
■> |
22 |
22 |
22 |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
IT |
22 |
IT |
2C |
CJ |
u |
z |
z |
z |
z |
||||||||||||||||||
i- |
CD |
c r, |
2 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
ry3 |
C/3 |
LL |
22 |
UJ |
o |
u |
o |
O |
u |
u |
u |
u |
j |
22 |
22 |
22 |
22 |
u. |
— |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
43
e'¬ |
o |
— |
o |
— |
OC |
cr |
o |
rsi |
o |
X |
|||
er |
rsi |
sO |
o |
rsi |
ON |
cr |
— |
rr |
rr |
vo |
O |
O |
c*0 |
00 |
c*o |
o’ |
o c*0 |
CT |
s 6 |
vo |
o’ |
o’ |
o’ |
oc |
00 |
vo rfr oc r- csi vo oc >T| X r, O' 't (N O'
— r^fN^tTi^h-
o tt iri r- o
0 0-0000
o |
— |
o |
— |
rsi |
OC |
o |
vo |
o |
rsi |
VO |
o |
||
vo |
rr |
— |
OC |
o |
o |
o |
rsi |
sO |
r-> |
o |
|||
o |
vO |
CT |
cr |
vo |
vo |
sC |
vo |
vo |
vo |
vo |
OC |
oc |
c*o |
r- |
f«0 |
sC |
r- |
r- |
sC |
o |
rsi |
rsi |
vo |
_ |
rr |
o |
sO |
c«0 |
O |
r- |
o |
— |
sC |
o |
vo |
|||||
sO |
sC |
rsi |
vo |
sC |
vo |
vo |
vo |
vo |
vo |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
o |
^s |
o |
o |
rr |
|
oc |
— |
cr |
<N |
o |
sO |
oc |
|
vo |
vo |
cr |
rsi |
I/O |
o |
N|* |
o o r- —
O — Tt rs| >r. tI K
rs| O r** c*0 O' — C r. (N O' — n sc o
r^, xri — r- (N — oc o r>i —
vo ro rsi vo vo f^! r^i ri (N rf iri r- r-
fNX h r, o — sC sC — rs| — sCrfr^-
rn oo <N — rf O' — ^ O rn oc n o
vo ^ ro rsi vo vo ro r*o — — rf rf r-* r»
i^oc'O^c^c'csjTroscC'r^c' O x rsi o — vO oc oc oc oc oc — oc
’ — r, o "T X - — — - —
C5 •■— C5 •— w •— C3 • —
ZZZZZZZZ
Cp
Z
>s
ro
oo
Z
>%
C3
<S
op
Z
o o o o o o
o o
oil CXj
y OX) Oil Op Oil
< < < < z ^
:— |
•_ |
•_ |
\- |
— |
■~- |
u- i- |
L- |
•— |
— |
||||
a> |
3 |
Cl |
11 |
3 |
n |
1) |
11 |
||||||
C3 |
e3 |
"cc |
C3 |
"c? |
H |
C3 |
w c5 |
w C3 |
C3 C3 |
w C3 |
c3 |
C3 |
|
£ |
£ |
s |
s i |
||||||||||
A |
■~ |
c |
g |
c |
g |
ii |
q |
c c |
fi |
c |
|||
11 |
H |
0/ |
5 |
H |
ii |
11 |
U |
U |
n |
H |
11 |
11 |
|
c_ |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
(X |
CL CL |
CL |
CL |
D. |
|
- — - |
r-s. |
<o o |
|||||||||||
- — - |
|||||||||||||
oc |
OC |
I/O |
VO |
VO |
vo |
VO OC |
OC |
ir, |
vo |
o |
o |
O |
||||||
oc |
oc |
v-, |
vo |
-r |
'■f |
O' |
||||
n |
rsi |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
rsi |
||
z |
Z |
z |
o |
o |
o |
f~0 |
o |
o |
z |
|
Q- |
O' |
O' |
O' |
Qs |
O' |
O' |
o |
Qs |
||
< |
<* |
< |
< |
< |
<• |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
sO vo O rf rsi O
£2
>o
2
O'
<
>
X X I X X X
z z z z z z <<<<<:<
xxxxxxxx
22222222
zzzzzzzz
<<C<C<<<<<
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
f
44
03
4->
03
"O
>
o
13
.Q
c
a>
03
>N
X
O
■O
ai
_>
o
IS)
IS)
IS)
D
O
o
c
’■*->
c
o
u
IS)
c
o
’+-'
2
c
03
u
c
o
u
c
a>
CT3 .
^ ai
X 1/1
O ^
T3 T3
a> <n
_>
o
IS)
"O
03
i/> ^
is) 03
i/i
03
.E
^ >% - ^
? c
Cj
ti
>»
C
“3
>
C
.2
o
— c ~ o
i-
o
Cl
o
c-
or- — OXX^^G'tMTt(Nrs'G'^^^fr)vCfr. - ef ef O O
rf o q — — q (N cn m ^ oc q q q eg eg q rg — rg rg q q rg q q — ; q
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
Tt
rg o oc o o rg — q rg ue q eg 'OOrgOOOOOO
I
I
I
t~~ m ■<t —
o' ©
00 O vO m > /~t V) — Orfr^iOvO O'tO’tNfON'tXOhO
O'OCO'CNOt}- — (N rt — IN M — — r<1 co
o © o' ©
ri h r*~< m r-
~r 9 9 ' J w 9 '~r 9 9 9 ^ 9
-<1-©i/NC'l<NOO' — — M- ^ O' M h
o — r*'i r*-i © vO O — i/i O Tf O - M
© 9 © © © o’ o’ ©
o o o
I
— oc — >/">o</Nocr~~i/Ni/NO'
VI © r<N CN © — fN © "^ ro
rn rN —
— CN V> Tf CN O
o oc <n o —
r'0'^ft^X'i,0'r^'CO''Or^oiMt^O'00-o n O — © — ©■*3"<N(N0C©©V'it — © © cri © ©
. © © o’ o © o’ © o’ o o’ © o’
I
we — oc oc oc — q q q q q q
O' — tj- rg o
9 n C ^
— r- —
re CnI rg —
(N X *t
er —
X ^ —
n M c
r- rg
O' — we
o O' r- r- — o c c ^
n (N h (N X (N C ^ — OOOOOO^OOOOO
we — xxx — ^ — — ej- — O O re ef re O q ej- re sC re
r- — r^3 (N C (N X C C (N — X — O'
© 00 re — re © re rg © r-
C0'rs'(s--C'C'C0'0v — cgcgr-rgoccg©^, — re —
O © © O O O — ’ © © © ©
c |
03 |
S |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
l/> |
E |
*— o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
03 03 IS) E K3 |
o r: |
(^1 |
r^J |
(^1 |
o |
O' |
O' |
OC |
’ — |
r^i |
r^( |
— |
rg |
rg |
ef |
ef |
4 3 |
re |
re |
re |
rg |
C^j |
we |
we |
O' |
re |
rg |
0 |
|||||||||||
c |
-C > s t |
' |
oc |
r^i |
C4 |
CnI |
<N |
rg |
we |
rg |
(N |
el- |
r- |
re |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E >N fl3 |
“ 1/3 zs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
T3 |
03 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
O |
<D |
O |
CJ |
O |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
L 0 |
•— i_ |
— |
u. |
1— |
i_ |
c |
■— |
1— |
d |
c |
d |
d |
•— |
i— |
U- |
1— |
•_ |
L_ |
u- |
L_ |
i— |
u_ |
i— L* |
1— |
u. |
u- |
Urn |
L- |
||||||||||||
<13 |
Q_ |
"w |
O |
o p |
p |
o |
O |
O |
d |
O |
O |
d |
r— |
d |
d |
o |
CJ |
O |
O |
p |
CJ |
0 |
O |
p |
p |
O |
0 |
CJ SJ |
0 |
O |
0 |
0 |
CJ |
CJ |
CJ |
0 |
0 |
CJ |
0 |
|
u |
d |
1-3 |
C2 |
— |
C3 |
d |
rr |
C3 |
rt |
d |
— |
-3 |
-3 |
ci |
^-3 |
ci |
t— |
C3 |
d |
d |
r3 ^ |
5 |
r3 |
d |
d |
d |
r3 |
r5 |
d |
d |
||||||||||
C a> L_ |
03 |
2 v |
? ? |
2 |
"cj |
"cj |
"o |
$ |
z |
$ |
z |
? |
z |
? 5 |
2 |
z |
$ |
? |
& |
$ |
? |
? |
||||||||||||||||||
CO |
ci |
C C |
r~ |
a. |
c |
CL |
<L |
r~ |
c. |
CL |
c_ |
a. |
c. |
CL |
CL |
CL |
c. |
d |
c. |
r— |
i. |
d |
d |
d |
c_ |
d |
s= CL |
CL |
d |
r— |
c |
r— |
d |
CL |
CL |
c |
d |
c |
||
03 |
ai |
& |
o |
o o |
o |
QJ |
o |
o |
<U |
o |
<L> |
o |
o |
<U |
o |
o |
CJ |
<3> |
0 |
0 |
0 |
CJ |
O |
O |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 0) |
<D |
<D |
O |
<J |
O |
CJ |
CJ |
O |
0 |
0 |
<u |
W— |
CL |
c_ |
CL |
O |
CL |
o |
o |
CL |
a |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
CJ |
CJ |
0 |
CL |
CJ |
CL |
O |
CL |
CL |
CL |
0 |
CL |
d. 0 |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
CJ |
<D |
X |
X |
X |
|||
M— T3 |
-X 03 03 |
Q |
o |
o o |
O Q O |
Q |
Q O |
Q |
Q |
G |
Q |
Q |
Q |
G |
Q |
Q |
O |
Q |
0 |
G |
O |
O |
0 |
Q O O Q Q |
0 |
O |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Q |
Q |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||||
Q. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-C |
03 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
to |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C J* >> u |
m |
OC r^t |
o |
>> o |
UJ |
UJ 2 |
ID 2 |
IXs, |
c/} |
*X) |
re |
sO |
rg |
W^, |
— O' |
re |
rg |
sO |
0 |
ef |
0 |
X |
oc |
|||||||||||||||||
»u |
tr> |
tr, Tt |
sC |
rg |
OC |
O |
O |
O' |
O' |
we |
r- |
oc |
lO |
r- r- |
oc |
'O |
-O |
re |
0 |
re |
re |
z |
oc |
|||||||||||||||||
"O a> 03 03 03 > < |
-Q on |
#c |
r^i i QS |
O rn i i O 0s |
C3 C3 u o Cl CL |
o |
o £ |
O' £ |
* o O' |
ro i O |
h* Z |
O i o |
(N 1 Qs |
eg 1 0 |
rg 1 0 |
rg 1 |
ej 1 Qv |
re 1 O' |
1 ds |
rg 0 |
rg 1 0 |
rg 1 0 |
CN O' |
rg rg 1 1 0 0 |
rg 1 O' |
rg O' |
rg 1 0 |
I O' |
0 1 O' |
rg O |
rg O |
1 O |
re 1 O |
X X > |
0 1 0 0 |
|||||
"O |
& |
< |
< < |
f— |
r— |
0s |
CO |
CO |
CO |
ID |
< |
< |
UJ |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
<r |
< |
<r |
<r |
< |
< < |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
u |
u |
< |
< |
m |
< |
|||
o |
> |
> > |
c |
G |
0s |
O' |
<7- |
o |
u |
u |
o |
> |
> |
UC |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> > |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
Q C |
X |
> |
> |
</3 |
> |
||
u 03 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> aj |
c o |
u. f— |
X X |
X s |
X 2 |
X |
X |
X X 2 2 |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
1 |
X 2 |
X |
X |
X |
X |
i |
X o_ |
X Cl. |
X L_ |
X CL |
X CL. |
X X Cl. Cl. |
X X |
X X |
X CL |
X 0 |
X O |
X |
X |
X |
X 2 0 |
X |
X |
|||
Q |
Cu S |
’ — |
c*~, c*~, |
IXs, |
IX) |
ix> |
IX) |
IX) |
we |
-o |
O |
vO |
lO |
r- |
r- r- |
r- |
OC |
OC |
Q |
O |
1 |
1 |
> |
ID |
||||||||||||||||
i2 |
i» « |
CO |
m co |
CO |
CO |
CO |
CO |
CO |
CQ |
CO |
CO |
a |
CO |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X X |
X |
X |
X |
< |
< |
X </) |
0 |
|||||
U |
o |
u o |
u |
o |
CJ |
u |
u o |
o |
o |
o |
u |
u |
U |
<L |
u |
0 |
tj |
u |
O |
0 |
0 |
0 |
u |
U |
u |
u u |
u |
U |
u |
X |
2 |
C/3 |
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
45
O'^-vCO'fN^-^vO'ri - (N N - - ° X
o o o o o o’ o o — '
III III
cm co in Tt © co
O M O (N (N
o’ © © © O ©
III II
o © t~- ^ o
— o o o o —
© © © © © ©
' — >0 — O co «0"t 'ONNO'
O' co — O >n co -if CM ■ — OrJ- —
ooooooooo’oo’o o
II III I I I I I
'JMMV-iM —
© © © o’ © ©
II II
ONOOvCfNtmn
— • <N rn rN <N o O O
O — OOOOOO CM
■ ■I i t
O'l'^O-'TI^-OOCOO' co m — • — t n w in w
o © © © © o' o o' —
© OC — ifr © Tj- CO — — 't X — rO(N — (NfNOOOOO
ooooo’oooooo
II II III
r'nt^O'ooa'Xxoc — co
OO — OO — CM — ©• -
© © o’ o © © © o’ © © o’
I II II
ininxo"th0'xxvo
©r-^coTt — ©^coin. —
© o’ o’ o’ © o’ o’ © © ©
II I I II
XXINOMOXiC^fin CM — — © — o © o —
o’ o’ o © o’ o’ o’ © o’ ©
in x — r, n in o
— — ro — <n © t-~ — — in
o o’ o’ © © o’ © © o ©
III I II
oc O' © oc rf co r~~ in . — co — — <NrM©inoo — or
© o’ © © d © — ’ © o’ o’
■rf o o tj- , — cm oc
© © cm © >n ^ ^
© — ’ o © © o’ o’
oc © • co r- oc r-
co — O — — cm
o — : © © o’ o’
I I
n N i — ino-^-^t O O CM CM CM CM CM
o’ © o’ o’ O © ©
i i
■ — - — r-- cm © m co o o © cm
o © o’ — ’ © o’
cm co Tf O' co co Tf cm © • — co ro ro cm
© © — oo m m ©
CM — 1 Tf O CM CM ro
© o’ O — ’ © © O
tOO"t-NXX© ©OcMOmiJ'ci-ro —
O — O © O O' © © — '
ro t-~ oo c- ro cm — nott O — — fNOO(NfNMNfS
© o’ © © © o’ o’ o’ o’ o’ o'
I I I
^ - (N c (N r, Tt r-
^r^OOOCMCMvC —
O © © — O O O O O O
c*~t Tf sO O ' — X T) >0 O
rn rn CM CM — ^ O M M r,
0 0 0 0 0 0 — 000
I
^1 m ^
M r, O r, Tf ^ t}- r,
IT, l/~> S© CM OC
o —
r( n m
X vO rn CM CM
c"i CM CM r^, ■ — r+*t ^ in
<u |
(D |
o |
o |
<L> |
o |
o |
o o |
o |
<D |
o |
<D |
<U |
o |
o |
o |
O |
0) |
C3 |
"3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
r3 |
3 |
3 3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
C3 |
3 |
3 |
r3 |
3 |
|
£ |
? |
? |
|||||||||||||||
i |
i |
c |
c |
c |
c |
• c. |
c c |
■ CL |
c |
c |
r— |
n |
c |
c |
CL |
||
c |
<D |
o |
<u |
o |
o |
<D |
<L> O |
o |
o |
o |
<D |
53 |
o |
<L> |
O |
(U |
|
CL |
Cl |
rv |
C- |
CL |
CL |
O |
C- CL |
(L» |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
<D |
o |
o |
o o |
O O Q |
O O |
Q |
O |
o |
o |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
Q |
^3 c3 c3 c3 ^3
£ £ £ £ S £
o o CL CL
e
o
CL
rt « £ £
c c c
O O &> C. CL CL
c
o
CL
X c3
? ^
c c
o <u
CL CL
C3 C3
£ £
I I
c c
O <L> CL CL
c3
£
i
C
o
CL
r3 c3
& £
C
o
CL
c3
i
C
o
CL
C3 C3
^ ?
i i
C C O Q C- CL
sC |
OC r^i |
O' <N |
Tf IT) |
OC |
o |
O' |
OC |
<N |
— |
© |
— |
m |
oc |
ro |
O' |
MO |
M3 |
O |
© |
CM |
r-~ |
© |
r- |
o |
— |
© |
||||||||||
r^4 |
oc ro |
— OC o |
- - i |
i — |
o |
o |
o |
OC |
O' |
oc |
© |
© |
r- |
r- |
© |
© |
OC |
r*~, |
ro |
CM |
o |
— |
oc |
>n |
O' |
|||||||||||
— |
m — i m |
m r^t |
r^, |
rxi |
r*1 |
(N |
<N |
— • |
CM |
CN |
o 1 |
CM |
C4 i |
<N |
CM | |
1 |
r^, i |
r^( |
CO |
CO |
ro |
CO |
CO |
CM |
o |
o |
Cl |
o |
||||||||
(N |
i , |
i — i — |
»_ |
L |
_ _ |
__ |
_ |
oo |
oo |
„ |
— |
— |
o |
— |
. — i |
— |
_ |
— |
_ |
<3 |
, — |
|||||||||||||||
O |
O' |
O Qv |
O' O' O' |
0s |
O' |
o |
O' |
QN |
O' |
I^S |
O' |
0s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
CM |
- - |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
Qv |
|||||||||
l— |
< |
< < |
< < < |
< < |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
■J' 0s |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
UJ |
GO |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
||
GO |
> |
> > |
> > > |
> > |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
O' |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
U |
u |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
2hhh002^^hhH0225
Xf— h-Hf— f—£— f— f— f— Q-C_o_Q_a.Q_ <000000000Q-a-c-Q-Q- y D_a_O.Q-C_D_D-D_D-D-QiQiC^QiDiO^C_
Q_ <
I |
X |
zc |
x |
X |
X |
X |
X |
x |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
x |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
||
CL X |
Q. X |
a. cc O |
CL m O <rr* |
Cl. CQ o |
Ll. H GO |
Ll h on |
C/5 |
C/5 |
u |
o C/5 |
2 C/5 |
2 C/5 |
2 o |
2 O |
2 X |
a |
a |
2 X |
z |
2 z |
z |
z |
z |
— |
Ct |
2 |
CQ |
< |
< |
< |
X |
X |
u |
z |
z |
c/5 |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
||||||
> |
2 |
— > |
—5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
CQ |
UJ |
u |
u |
-J |
X |
X |
u. |
E- |
t— |
f— |
h- |
f— |
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
46
With some clear exceptions, the day-night concentration differences in these buoy data are small. Back River (segment BACOH), a tidal river known to be stressed by discharges from a large urban sewage treatment facility, exhibits the largest day- night difference in mean and median concentrations: -2.24 mg liter'1 and -4.51 mg liter 1 , respectively (Table V-4). Note that here the nighttime concentration is higher than during the daytime, which seems counterintuitive. But, in fact, the average day/night difference in the daily means and medians is almost always negative in this table. A buoy site in the lower Potomac River (POTMH) and one in upper Potomac River (POTTF) showed day-night differences greater than 1 mg liter 1 in the daily mean or median or both, but all other sites showed differences less than 1 mg liter-1.
The average day-night differences in the daily minimum concentration and lowest 1 percent value were similarly generally small, but with more sites exhibiting day- night differences in excess of 1 mg liter-1: mesohaline Patapsco River (PATMH), tidal fresh (POTTF) and mesohaline (POTMH) Potomac River, tidal fresh James River (JAMTF), middle central and lower western mainstem Chesapeake Bay segments CB4MH and CB6PH, respectively, and Tangier Sound (TANMH). In contrast to the findings for the daily mean and median, the concentration minima and lowest 1 percent were generally higher in the daytime than at night.
30-Day Mean and Instantaneous Minimum Criteria Attainment
Table V-5 shows how the continuous dissolved oxygen measurements stack up against the corresponding designated use dissolved oxygen criteria. The dissolved oxygen criteria are to be assessed for each segment/designated use separately. Thus, in this analysis, the day and night measurements are pooled and the mean, 1 percent concentration and other statistics are calculated within month, if the data record extends over multiple months. Asterisks flag the continuous buoy data records where the 30-day mean criterion is not achieved (i.e., monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than the applicable criterion) or where the measured 1 percent dissolved oxygen concentration is lower than the instantaneous minimum criterion.
Looking down the columns in Table V-5 labeled “30-day Mean” and “Instantaneous Minimum” under the heading “Criterion Not Achieved”, it can be seen frequently that if the 30-day mean criterion was achieved, the instantaneous minimum criterion was also achieved. Conversely, if the 30-day mean criterion was not achieved, the instantaneous minimum criterion also was not achieved. Further, if only one dissolved oxygen criterion was not achieved, then it was usually the instantaneous minimum criterion that was not achieved.
Table V-6 summarizes the criteria achieved/not achieved rate by segment and desig¬ nated use and Table V-7 pools the Table V-6 findings by designated use. For the open-water designated use, in 80 out of 94 cases (—85 percent), if the 30-day mean criterion was achieved/not achieved, then the same was the case for the instantaneous minimum criterion. In deep-water designated use habitats, this condition was true in 15 out of 26 cases (~57 percent). The diversity of buoys deployed in deep-channel designated use habitats is too small for drawing very specific conclusions at this time.
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
47
T3
Q)
>
O
00
E
£
c
£
IS) 03 |
oi IS) |
O |
3 |
a; |
|
c |
T3 |
fU |
a; |
+-> |
|
c |
03 |
ro |
C |
+-* |
CT> |
IS) |
|
C |
Vi 03 |
~o |
|
L |
> |
CL) |
-Q |
+-< |
|
C |
|
05 |
03 |
E |
E |
r\i |
CD 03 |
nn |
1/3 |
~o |
E |
c |
03 |
fU |
|
CD |
|
c |
O |
fD |
|
a> |
£ |
E |
> |
> 03 |
03 CC |
-o |
<u |
O |
03 |
m |
03 |
, _ |
Q. |
L |
03 IS) |
a> |
03 -C |
u |
|
CD |
|
E |
>N -Q |
LH |
t/1 |
u |
|
03 +-< 03 |
'+-> l/l |
■a |
’+-> 03 |
> o |
IS) |
Z3 |
~o |
J2 |
C 03 |
C |
|
03 CD >n |
+-> C 03 |
X |
E |
o |
03 |
~o 03 |
> 03 |
> |
1c |
o IS) |
u 03 |
IS) |
03 |
T3 |
■JZ |
i/i |
03 |
D |
L. |
O |
U |
3 _c |
c 03 |
"+^ |
CD |
c |
>N |
o |
X |
u |
o |
Lri |
|
1 > |
|
03 |
|
-Q |
|
03 |
|
1- |
3 |
05 |
<N |
NO |
— |
— |
Cn| |
— |
sO |
- - |
xf |
nO |
— |
04 |
O' |
xf |
DC |
xf |
O' |
xf |
05 |
04 |
04 |
o, |
O' |
_ |
O' |
O' |
OI |
xf |
O', |
05 |
to |
<N |
ON |
Xf |
O' |
|||||||
C |
O |
vC |
DO |
0s |
ro |
(O |
o, |
— |
<N |
O' |
to |
•— |
Xf |
to |
04 |
Xf |
Xf |
O', |
O' |
nO |
Qs |
O' |
<N |
O' |
O' |
DC |
DC |
O' |
nO |
<N |
— |
xf |
DC |
DC |
to |
NO |
to |
||||||
•-S |
CN |
DC |
On |
04 |
ON |
oc |
O' |
O |
to |
o |
CO |
xf |
Xf |
DC |
CO |
Xf |
04 |
NO |
OI |
04 |
05 |
xf |
nO |
O' |
DC |
O' |
O' |
o |
DC |
04 |
nO |
O' |
NO |
o |
|||||||||
IZ |
.2 |
O |
to |
NO |
DO |
NO |
ro |
o* |
O' |
N C |
o |
o-‘ |
O' |
04 |
O', |
O' |
nO |
NO |
nO |
o |
o |
NO |
O^ |
05 |
DC |
o |
DC |
Xf |
to |
o |
O' |
DC |
NO |
to |
o |
, — |
o |
05 |
— ! |
05 |
O'* |
||
© |
<N |
— |
04 |
CO |
04 |
— |
— |
O', |
■ — |
- — |
— |
O, |
o, |
04 |
O', |
to |
O', |
— |
05 |
o |
O', |
to |
to, |
||||||||||||||||||||
C u |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
■3 |
3 |
ON |
vO |
DC |
r- |
NO |
'O |
o |
i |
04 |
to |
xt |
o |
O' |
o |
O' |
O', |
<N |
DC |
o |
r- |
Xf |
r- |
xf |
Xf |
O' |
to |
to |
DC |
O', |
O', |
O' |
Xf |
05 |
|||||||||
zz |
»o |
to |
o |
0s |
o- |
oc |
o |
O' |
NO |
04 |
DC |
o |
O' |
nO |
xf |
NO |
xf |
O', |
DC |
fN |
o |
DC |
— |
O' |
05 |
— |
to |
sO |
to |
05 |
05 |
DC |
04 |
DC |
O' |
OC |
|||||||
T3 |
o |
o |
’ — |
o |
o |
— |
oi |
— |
— |
— |
o |
o |
O |
— |
o |
o |
o |
o |
— |
o |
ci |
— |
O' |
— |
— |
— |
04 |
— |
O |
O |
o |
— |
— |
O |
— |
||||||||
u |
> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© |
Q |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© |
3 |
DO |
o |
O' |
r- |
r- |
r- |
o |
O' |
NO |
to |
to |
to |
o |
DC |
ON |
nO |
to |
04 |
to |
to |
OC |
rt |
nO |
DC |
04 |
to |
O', |
o |
to |
_ _ |
Xf |
NO |
O' |
xf |
to |
_ |
. |
. |
||||
«* |
Cn| |
o |
to |
DC |
sO |
t/-i |
»o |
CO |
On |
CO |
CO |
0s |
Xf |
O'. |
xf |
— ■ |
xf |
— |
Xf |
04 |
to |
O' |
xf |
o |
O' |
DC |
nO |
O' |
O' |
O' |
NO |
<N |
|||||||||||
c |
to |
DC |
to |
NO |
nC |
ON |
NO |
to |
to |
r- |
nO |
NO |
xf |
04 |
to |
xf |
xf |
nO |
DC |
to |
NO |
05 |
05 |
NO |
O' |
to |
Xf |
(N |
to |
xf |
05 |
05 |
xf |
05 |
to |
05 |
05 |
||||||
u ■*— c |
3 zz |
m |
ro |
to |
O' |
o |
O' |
Xt |
O' |
nO |
xr |
o |
o |
co |
NO |
O' |
to |
9 |
NO |
O' |
NO |
to |
to |
O |
NO |
NO |
O' |
NO |
04 |
O' |
O', |
xf |
DC |
05 |
|||||||||
o |
DO |
o |
to |
sC |
vO |
DC |
NO |
O' |
o |
CO |
CO |
O' |
NO |
DC |
O' |
O' |
CO |
o |
— |
— |
o |
to |
05 |
o |
NO |
to |
O' |
O' |
O' |
to |
NO |
o |
to |
O' |
o |
NO |
o |
||||||
c |
© |
to |
DC |
to |
nO |
nO |
ON |
NO |
to |
to |
NO |
nO |
Xf |
<N |
to |
O', |
xf |
NO |
DO |
to |
NO |
o, |
O' |
NO |
oc |
to |
xf |
04 |
to |
05 |
O', |
O', |
xf |
04 |
O'* |
to |
05 |
O', |
|||||
U s |
2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
51 |
CM |
r^i |
ro |
r*- |
ro |
nO |
DC |
o |
co |
NO |
O' |
O' |
ON |
xf |
o |
04 |
_ _ |
DC |
DC |
DC |
to |
o |
, |
DC |
<N |
DC |
Xf |
O' |
to |
to |
DC |
xf |
xf |
o |
05 |
OC |
|||||||
* |
j= |
s |
o |
to |
w' |
ro |
r- |
O- |
NO |
o |
NO |
to |
— |
to |
CO |
NO |
o |
Xf |
DC |
O', |
DC |
DC |
— |
xf |
- - |
Xf |
O' |
Xf |
nC |
o |
04 |
o |
04 |
Xf |
— |
OC |
O' |
||||||
o |
© |
to |
rxi |
to |
to |
to |
DC |
CO |
CO |
04 |
to |
NO |
nO |
CO |
— |
Xf |
CO |
O', |
to |
NO |
Xf |
xf |
— |
K |
Xf |
nO |
04 |
— |
— |
to |
05 |
05 |
05 |
04 |
— |
O'* |
05 |
o |
o |
||||
■o |
*■* |
s- |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© *© |
© D. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
V3 |
z> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*z |
o |
NO |
<o |
r- |
r- |
■ — |
04 |
O' |
to |
to |
to |
04 |
Xf |
CO |
o |
04 |
NO |
O' |
rs |
rg |
DC |
to |
DC |
O' |
to |
o |
04 |
o |
o |
o |
O' |
DC |
r- |
xf |
04 |
O, |
o |
NO |
|||||
c/3 |
3 |
o |
to |
04 |
ro |
(O |
O' |
o |
’ — |
04 |
CO |
O' |
xh |
O' |
DC |
DC |
— |
xf |
o |
to |
sO |
DC |
04 |
O' |
05 |
O' |
05 |
O' |
DC |
r- |
O' |
(N |
to |
04 |
NO |
o |
|||||||
© © © CL |
xf |
oi |
r- |
ro |
DC |
04 |
Xf |
xf |
NO |
NO |
04 |
o |
04 |
co |
CO |
to |
to |
Xf |
xf |
NO |
04 |
NO |
o |
o |
Xf |
04 |
04 |
OI |
04 |
o*: |
o |
ci |
|||||||||||
3 3 |
xf |
m |
(N |
O^ |
nO |
o^ |
04 |
DC |
to |
NO |
04 |
o |
0s |
Xf |
Q\ |
04 |
O', |
o |
NO |
xf |
04 |
DC |
o |
to |
04 |
04 |
O' |
DC |
04 |
DC |
Xf |
O', |
O' |
nO |
04 |
O |
o |
o |
|||||
3 |
r- |
ro |
o |
to |
O' |
o |
o |
nO |
NO |
04 |
04 |
o |
xf |
O' |
xf |
O' |
— |
Xf |
04 |
nO |
O', |
DC |
O' |
to |
O' |
— |
nO |
05 |
04 |
to |
05 |
sO |
04 |
<N |
04 |
O |
o |
||||||
i |
xf |
04 |
r- |
■ |
DC |
o |
Xf |
NO |
NO |
04 |
o |
<N |
CO |
co |
to |
to |
Xf |
05 |
o |
to |
04 |
to |
’ |
d> |
o |
Xf |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
° |
o |
o |
o |
|||||||||
“O © |
c/3 3 3 |
E |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.Si |
3 CS |
£ |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
< |
CC |
■— |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
■w |
c/3 3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
e |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a |
© |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© *C |
© o, |
s |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u |
u |
C/3 3 © |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© |
DC |
DO |
O' |
to |
. — |
sO |
to |
04 |
r- |
NO |
O' |
O' |
— |
O' |
04 |
04 |
CO |
xf |
O' |
xf |
O', |
r- |
nO |
DC |
O', |
04 |
r- |
O' |
DC |
o |
NO |
04 |
O', |
DC |
O' |
to |
O' |
||||||
.© |
08 |
05 |
vO |
O' |
o |
> — |
O', |
r, |
O' |
O', |
O' |
o |
co |
o |
O' |
O' |
DC |
to |
nO |
O' |
O' |
O' |
05 |
nO |
O' |
DO |
xf |
O' |
sC |
O' |
04 |
O', |
— |
DC |
o |
O' |
to |
o |
o |
||||
E |
£ |
■ — |
04 |
nO |
to |
NO |
DC |
*— |
04 |
co |
fN |
CO |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
nO |
05 |
i— |
— |
. — |
<N |
DC |
o |
04 |
O' |
Xf |
||||||||||||||
3 |
to |
<N |
— |
— |
■ — |
04 |
04 |
— |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
z |
C/3 © |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0 |
__ |
_ _ |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
o |
__ |
o |
o |
_ _ |
o |
O' |
O' |
O' |
to |
to |
o |
DC |
DC |
DC |
oc |
|||||||||||||||||||||
o |
O' |
O' |
0s |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
DC |
O' |
0s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0s |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
DC |
DC |
DC |
ON |
to |
O' |
3s |
05 |
DC |
DC |
OC |
oc |
|||||
© |
Q\ |
QN |
o |
0s |
O' |
ON |
O^ |
O' |
O' |
DC |
On |
Q\ |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
ON |
O' |
O' |
Qs |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
05 |
05 |
05 |
O' |
05 |
ON |
|||||
CC |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u- |
u- |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
O |
ZJ |
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Si |
Si |
s |
XI |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
r" |
C |
*—> |
■*—> |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
73 |
73 |
C3 |
zn |
c r, |
C/3 |
C/I |
C/J |
C/1 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
in |
C/j |
m |
m |
:/) |
3 |
75 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 |
3 |
O |
o |
3 |
o |
O |
3 |
23 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
ZJ |
3 |
ZJ |
ZJ |
3 |
- - |
||||||||||||||||||||
-3 |
>> |
60 |
>> |
30 |
Ofl |
30 |
>> |
C£> |
6f |
60 |
0/5 |
0£ |
ec |
6/. |
6t |
Ctj |
60 |
30 |
6/j |
>% |
6JJ |
>> |
6Jj |
o |
> |
30 |
ec |
12 |
>* |
CD |
3>> |
||||||||||||
3 © |
< |
13 |
3 ° -5 < 1/5 2 |
- |
3 |
3 < |
a c/5 |
3 —> |
3 3 < < |
3 < |
3 3 3 3 3 3 <<<<<< |
3 |
3 < |
3 |
3 < |
3 |
3 |
“i |
3 < |
—• — i |
sr « C/3 o |
o Z |
3 C- « < < 2 |
3 3 |
3 |
||||||||||||||||||
u- |
•— |
U. |
i— |
S— |
i— |
— |
•— |
»— |
V- |
— |
U- |
— |
i— |
— |
1— |
i- |
U. |
— |
•— |
i— |
u. |
Um |
u_ |
«— |
s— |
}— |
i— |
•— |
— |
— |
Urn |
j— |
V* |
||||||||||
© |
o |
O |
O |
O |
0) |
o |
C) |
o |
O |
P |
o |
p |
O |
P |
p |
p |
P |
O |
O |
o |
o |
ZJ |
p |
O |
P |
O |
ZJ |
O |
o |
O |
p |
o |
o |
p |
P |
O |
p |
ZJ |
p |
ZJ |
|||
c5 3 |
"S |
rt |
C3 |
cb |
x: |
r3 |
ci |
C3 |
C3 |
ci |
ci |
C3 |
c3 |
3 |
ci |
C3 |
ci |
r: |
ci |
:3 |
rt |
ci |
ci |
ci |
r3 |
ci |
3 |
ci |
c3 |
y |
ci |
3 |
y |
y |
|||||||||
© C/3 |
£ |
? |
$ |
? |
? |
$ |
$ |
2 |
* |
* |
z |
f |
$ |
? |
z |
? |
z |
S |
£ |
z |
? |
£ |
£ |
* |
|||||||||||||||||||
X |
c |
A |
C |
A |
C |
c |
c |
C |
c |
C |
C |
C |
C |
c |
C |
C |
c |
C |
c |
C |
c |
3 |
C |
C |
r— |
c |
r— |
r— |
A |
3 |
3 |
3 |
r~ |
r~ |
3 |
C |
3 |
3 |
3 |
||||
0) |
o |
o |
<u |
a> |
(L) |
<3^ |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
<u |
o |
o |
<D |
o |
o |
ZJ |
ZJ |
O |
o |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
ZJ |
o |
ZJ |
O |
O |
C/ |
<1/ |
o |
CD |
CD |
ZJ |
CD |
||||||
a |
c. |
C- |
c. |
c. |
C- |
c. |
a. |
C- |
Q. |
c_ |
c. |
C- |
c. |
c- |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
— |
CL |
CL |
CL |
CL |
c_ |
CL |
c_ |
CL |
c_ |
CL |
CL |
CL |
c |
C- |
CL |
CL |
r' |
CL |
CL |
CL |
||||
o |
O O |
O |
O |
O |
o o o o o o o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o |
o |
O |
c |
o |
O |
O |
C |
O |
c |
o |
o |
o |
O |
O |
o |
O |
O |
o |
O |
|||||||||||
-3 |
L. o |
DO |
DO |
NO |
NO |
04 |
04 |
<N |
04 |
to |
0- |
nO |
— |
NO |
o |
<N |
xf |
xf |
04 |
o, |
05 |
fS |
04 |
04 |
05 |
05 |
05 |
to |
DC |
DC |
DC |
NO |
nO |
O' |
O' |
O' |
r' |
||||||
ZJ |
— |
— |
> — |
— |
04 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a |
F |
UJ |
UJ |
30 |
3o |
30 |
30 |
NO |
DC |
cz |
CC |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
05 |
CO |
DC |
r^i |
s |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
to |
Xf |
Xf |
o |
NO |
to |
— |
*— * |
04 |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O' |
DC |
DC |
||||||||||||||||||
»o |
to |
to |
tJ- |
cz |
r“ |
r- |
c |
c |
O' |
O' |
to |
to |
O' |
O' |
NO |
NO |
NO |
05 |
05 |
O' |
0\ |
O' |
05 |
z |
z |
z |
DC |
DC |
|||||||||||||||
05 |
<o |
o |
ro |
so |
zn |
cd |
c3 |
C3 |
c3 |
rsi |
04 |
o |
o |
04 |
04 |
04 |
04 |
<N |
OI |
— |
o |
o |
o |
<N |
05 |
cz |
oc |
QC |
o |
o |
|||||||||||||
3 |
• |
i |
O U O <J u |
o |
o |
_ |
_ |
o |
04 |
04 |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
o |
04 |
04 |
fN| |
<N |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
_© |
05 |
ON |
> |
> |
o. |
a. |
o. |
C- |
o. |
Gn |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
O' |
ON |
O' |
O' |
' - ' |
' — ' |
O' |
> |
> |
> |
O' |
O' |
o |
o |
o |
O |
||||||
CC |
< |
< < |
< |
CQ |
CQ |
fc |
£ |
b |
fc |
£ |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
u |
u |
u |
< |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
< |
< |
h- |
H |
t— |
||||||
C/5 |
> |
> > |
> |
u |
u |
u |
U |
O |
U |
U |
O' |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
DC |
oc |
oc |
> |
C/3 |
C/5 |
C/3 |
> |
> |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
||||
X |
I |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
XXX |
X |
X |
22 |
X |
X |
x |
X |
x |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X 2 O < |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|||||||||
3 ZJ |
f— |
f— |
§ |
2 |
2 |
2 2 2 |
2 |
CL |
Q_ |
Q- |
CL |
n_ |
c_ |
CL |
0- |
O |
o |
O |
O |
O |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
||||||||||||
E |
m |
xf |
xf |
to |
to |
NO |
NO |
NO |
NO |
r- |
O' |
DC |
DC |
o |
Q |
u |
u |
u |
% |
> |
> |
> |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|||||||||||||||
03 CJ |
OX |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
00 |
|
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
CQ |
|
CQ |
CQ |
|
CQ |
< |
< |
< |
UJ |
UJ |
UJ |
o |
O |
< |
< |
< |
< |
|||||||||
© C/5 |
U |
u u |
U |
O |
o |
u |
U |
U |
U |
u o u |
u |
O |
U |
U |
O |
u |
u |
CJ |
u |
z* |
2 |
|
CO |
CQ |
c_ |
CL |
0- |
2 |
C/5 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
C/3 |
Cl |
CL |
CL |
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
48
<N |
re |
c*"i |
. |
© |
oc |
© |
© |
© |
Tf |
© |
_ |
© |
o |
r^j |
© |
© |
tr> |
<N |
© |
<N |
© |
_ |
© |
© |
© |
r- |
to |
© |
© |
Tf |
re |
© |
|||||||||||||
= 5 |
re |
to |
eg |
oc |
© |
© |
r- |
Tf |
© |
OC |
oc |
© |
© |
© |
r- |
r- |
OC |
r- |
<N |
r- |
Tf |
© |
OC |
Cxi |
re |
OC |
tr> |
oc |
lo |
OC |
o |
O |
sO |
||||||||||||
O .= |
to |
3- |
<N |
© |
<N |
© |
r- |
© |
r- |
Cs| |
o |
i/'n |
© |
oc |
© |
■ — |
OC |
3* |
o |
o |
re |
Cn| |
© |
r^j |
rN |
p |
oc |
’ — |
to |
re |
Tf |
r- |
Tf |
||||||||||||
31 |
00 |
© |
© |
© |
<N |
© |
© |
© |
© |
rn |
Tf |
Tf |
© |
© |
O' |
. — |
oc |
Tt* |
Tf |
»C5 |
3 |
3 |
sd |
© |
O' |
oc |
00 |
© |
to |
— |
to |
re |
© |
||||||||||||
E |
<d |
8 5 |
to |
n |
*-* |
rsi |
ro |
r^i |
CxJ |
re |
<N |
re |
Tf |
sO |
~ |
3" |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 E |
on D |
u> |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
r |
T3 CD |
“w c |
Qs |
_ |
oc |
*r> |
ro |
oc |
© |
— |
— |
3 |
© |
<N |
— |
© |
oc |
© |
OC |
Tf |
3" |
© |
re |
Cx| |
r- |
oc |
© |
© |
© |
tT |
re |
© |
to |
rN |
|||||||||||
— O |
r- |
*— • |
oc |
i/n |
© |
© |
OC |
Tf |
© |
r^i |
m |
Tf |
Tl" |
im |
icn |
'O |
— |
OC |
OC |
— |
3 |
o |
© |
© |
te |
— |
■ — ■_ |
oc |
sO |
r- |
oc |
||||||||||||||
E |
TO |
"a cb |
— |
« — |
© |
o |
— |
. — |
o |
. — |
. — |
o |
© |
o |
o |
O' |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
— |
Cx| |
t — |
O' |
— |
© |
— |
o |
— |
© |
© |
© |
— |
o |
© |
© |
' — |
|||||||
t/n D |
C 03 |
L Zj |
s •- 5 t CO O |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
on |
1 “ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
<d “O |
tl E |
oc |
r- |
o |
© |
© |
© |
i . |
oc |
r- |
im |
oc |
C'J |
o |
© |
(N |
Tf |
r^i |
<N |
oc |
r- |
r^t |
Tf- |
© |
c^ |
re |
tn |
te |
to |
© |
© |
Tf |
r- |
© |
00 |
© |
||||||||
c |
<N |
r- |
© |
oc |
oc |
r^, |
© |
© |
— |
tn |
r- |
© |
oc |
r^i |
O |
— |
O' |
m |
r- |
re |
<N |
OC |
re |
re |
Tf |
tT |
re |
© |
© |
re |
re |
3" |
Tf |
to |
|||||||||||
4-^ c |
X! |
c |
o I? |
re |
oS |
sd |
oc |
tT |
© |
uS |
r-‘ |
r- |
r4 |
r- |
© |
© |
vd |
© |
Th |
Tt* |
oc |
re |
© |
i/n |
r- |
h* |
r- |
oc |
© |
(N |
*— * |
Tf |
to |
Tf |
|||||||||||
ns |
4-> |
*•5 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4— ' |
C |
cz |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
on c |
CD E 03 |
3 |
3* |
OC |
Cn| |
<N |
© |
IT) |
© |
Tf |
oc |
C\J |
tr. |
Cxi |
3 |
0 |
re |
re |
<N |
re |
i |
re |
3" |
r- |
OC |
<N |
r- |
||||||||||||||||||
Zj u c |
"5 |
re re |
vn oS |
0s oS |
SO oc |
<N |
so r-‘ |
Tf |
r- Tf |
© |
<n |
p r-‘ |
3s sd |
«n r- |
»o r- |
P |
r- |
m sd |
sd |
© |
sO |
tT5 |
r- |
Tf oc |
uS |
Cs| |
<N l/~5 |
p r-‘ |
p |
3 r- |
p sd |
re cxi |
ten |
r- |
re Tf |
p to |
<N to |
||||||||
L |
CD |
o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
on |
u |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E |
c o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ol E |
TO |
tx |
<N |
© |
© |
Tl" |
o |
Tf |
© |
QS |
tT |
© |
Tf |
© |
CnI |
© |
r^( |
© |
o |
© |
OC |
— |
© |
© |
<N |
— |
te |
00 |
— |
© |
© |
3- |
|||||||||||||
03 o |
o |
nth cent |
O' © |
r- |
Qs VO |
Tl" sd |
oc sd |
r^i |
r4 |
US |
O |
o |
Tf sd |
sd |
00 sd |
r^i r- |
p r- |
3 tri |
oc |
p uS |
p tri |
Tf |
X |
Tf sd |
re |
<N Th |
cxi |
r- uS |
p csi |
re sd |
r^, sd |
tT sd |
3 tri |
© © |
Tf o |
© © |
p re |
p TT |
p |
||||||
rsi |
T3 |
^ - |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mi |
Q. |
a> |
Cl |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
>s |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
■D |
TO |
C/J |
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
c |
CO |
r- |
O' |
o~> |
© |
© |
r^n o |
C'J |
r^n |
© |
tT) |
tT |
3 |
oc |
— |
sO |
r- |
Cs| |
C*5 |
3 |
Cx| |
re |
o |
3" |
re |
r^, |
te |
3- |
re |
re |
to |
r- |
to |
OC |
r- |
||||||||||
fO |
Q |
-w C |
o |
O' |
© |
r- |
r- |
o |
© |
m |
m |
tT |
oc |
(N |
o |
© |
tT |
oc |
o |
Cx4 |
OC |
te |
»C5 |
Tf |
O |
oo |
r- |
© |
Tf |
© |
to |
*— |
oc |
© |
|||||||||||
c |
CD -X |
— O |
© |
c*~, |
© |
© |
o |
— |
— |
sO |
© |
© |
© |
r- |
r-* |
irn |
Tf |
im |
rd |
— |
— |
re |
— |
U-5 |
— |
to |
© |
tri |
© |
tri |
© |
o |
to |
re |
re |
© |
|||||||||
03 |
TO |
zj |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
CD |
a. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E |
Q. TO |
f" c |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
CD f |
3 |
o |
o-n |
o |
© |
r^, |
to |
r- |
r^t |
CnJ |
© |
OC |
vn |
r- |
— |
© |
im |
r^i |
3 |
3 |
© |
© |
3 |
r- |
© |
© |
ten |
© |
© |
© |
© |
re |
— |
© |
re |
|||||||||
«T3 |
E |
© |
oc |
oc |
O |
© |
(N |
— |
- — |
© |
o |
© |
3 |
r- |
oc |
■ — |
© |
— |
- — |
*— |
OC |
O |
© |
o |
00 |
00 |
to |
— |
© |
3" |
00 |
Tf |
|||||||||||||
T3 |
u |
3 |
© |
r^i |
r^n |
oS |
© |
© |
o |
O |
Tf |
<N |
— |
© |
© |
© |
© |
r- |
tn |
Th |
tT |
rc |
— |
tT |
— |
re |
o |
*C5 |
— |
Tf |
© |
tr! |
© |
to |
©> |
© |
to |
re |
re |
c> |
|||||
O m |
> JO |
C/3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"L |
on U |
■o o |
1 E |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
on |
> zj |
3 = 2 c |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4-^ |
o |
= E |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
TO |
< |
3 ^ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
E |
4— ' on |
£ |
t/3 ^ 3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LD |
T3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
C |
e |
>> = |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
TO |
*u |
9 i |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TO X3 |
c |
o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> o |
CD E |
u |
C/3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
13 |
CD > |
Im o |
#c |
© |
r^( |
O' |
c*~t |
Tf |
O' |
O' |
. |
C\J |
r- |
oc |
0 |
0 |
© |
r^( |
IT'* |
oc |
r^i |
O' |
IC5 |
3“ |
C4 |
sC |
i |
o |
OC |
© |
© |
© |
r^j |
<N |
<N |
rN |
r- |
||||||||
_Q |
CD |
■Q |
to |
© |
oc |
sO |
oc |
© |
DC |
r- |
r- |
r- |
Tf |
(N |
rf |
c+~, |
Tf |
C*~, |
3 |
© |
oc |
tn |
ro |
r- |
TT |
r- |
Tf |
re |
r- |
© |
© |
oc |
fN |
— |
r- |
c- |
re |
||||||||
£ |
e £ |
o |
© |
r^4 |
oc |
<N |
CnJ |
rg |
— |
rxj |
Cn| |
— |
— |
— |
— |
<N |
cn |
© |
U^5 |
e4 |
Cx| |
o |
rN |
fN |
<N |
© |
— |
Cx) |
to |
||||||||||||||||
L. |
3 |
0* |
— |
' — |
to |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
u |
05 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
TO |
-3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
o |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
x |
03 |
DC |
oc |
© |
— |
— |
■ — |
— |
■ — |
— |
— |
O1 |
© |
— |
— |
— |
r- |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DC |
OC |
oc |
Q\ |
O' |
O' |
O' |
0s |
O' |
© |
O' |
Q\ |
C3 |
3 |
3» |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3s |
3 |
3 |
© |
3 |
3 |
O' |
O' |
© |
© |
© |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
oc |
|||||||||
u |
Q\ |
OC |
O' |
cn |
O' |
a- |
Qs |
o |
O' |
O' |
0s |
O' |
C‘s |
3 |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
3 |
o |
O' |
3 |
oc |
3 |
o |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
|||||
T3 |
CD 4—* |
w |
• — |
Qs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD |
5— |
© |
© |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> |
u |
c> |
o |
o |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
O |
c |
JC r- |
•— |
■*— • |
•*— • |
sz |
© |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
t/5 |
CD |
03 |
c |
■Xj |
X |
X. |
X |
X |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
3 |
X. |
75 |
75 |
3 |
C/5 |
on |
X |
05 |
05 |
05 |
05 |
05 |
05 |
||||||||||||||||||||
on |
3 |
o |
3 |
3 |
zz |
zz |
3 |
3 |
3 |
o |
3 |
p |
3 |
3 |
o |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
03 |
— |
CJJ |
>% |
0/. |
>, |
>, |
>, |
>, |
tij |
CJJ |
CJj |
bi: |
OJ. |
ti. |
CJj |
>, |
CJJ |
CJJ |
CJj |
CJJ |
CJJ |
CJj |
CJJ |
CJJ |
CD |
CD |
CD |
CD |
|||||||||||||||||
u on 13 |
^3 X O |
3 |
3 o « < oo 0 |
- 3 |
3 |
3 |
< |
3 |
3 |
3 |
- |
< |
< |
< |
3 |
< |
3 3 < < |
2 ^ < on |
3 |
< |
_3 |
< |
< |
o C/D |
3 3 3 3 < < < < |
_3 |
0 0 0 0,0 < < < < < |
||||||||||||||||||
o |
T3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CD > |
i— |
•— |
u- |
J— |
©- |
■— |
i— |
u. |
•— |
i— |
— |
t- |
u- |
©. |
l— |
1— |
•— |
i- |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
i— |
i— |
||||||||||||
£ |
o |
O |
O |
rj |
o |
O |
O |
O |
o |
p |
p |
p |
O |
O |
O |
O |
p |
O |
p |
O |
p |
O |
O |
p |
O |
O |
o |
O |
O |
o |
o |
O |
O |
o |
ZJ |
O |
ZJ |
o |
ZJ |
o |
o |
||||
"3 |
3 |
C3 |
C3 |
ci |
rt |
3 |
r3 |
r3 |
r3 |
C3 |
r3 |
C3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
-- |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
||||||||||
4-' c |
O on |
3 ° |5 |
? |
$ |
$ |
? |
? |
2 |
? |
$ |
£ |
? |
£ |
£ |
S |
S |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
on |
c |
r— |
C |
c |
3 |
c |
r— |
3 |
c |
»— |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
3 |
<— |
c |
r~* |
<— |
3 |
r— |
3 |
0 |
c |
3 |
zz |
ZZ |
3 |
3 |
r- |
3 |
3 |
3 |
c |
c |
C |
3 |
3 |
|||||
u |
■O |
o |
CJ |
o |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
<L> |
O |
O |
o |
O |
O |
O |
o |
C J |
ZJ |
o |
O |
o |
ZJ |
O |
O |
o |
<1> |
Z) |
ZJ |
ZJ |
CO |
ZJ |
|||||||
© |
C- |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
r' |
© |
C- |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
||||||
o o o |
o |
o |
c |
o |
o o o o o |
o o o |
o |
o o |
o |
o o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
C' |
o |
o |
o |
o |
G |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
||||||||||||||||
■5 |
.= ^ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
01 |
r- |
r- |
m |
tn |
r^i |
m |
r^( |
© |
C*~ i |
© |
C*~, |
r^( |
<N |
© |
oc |
r- |
r- |
o |
— |
o |
© |
© |
© |
re |
to |
© |
© |
Tf |
to |
Tf |
re |
||||||||||||||
3 |
' |
’ — |
*— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_C |
Q .= |
© |
oc |
r<n |
Tf |
Th |
OC |
© |
3 |
oc |
© |
o |
Tf |
Tf |
(N |
OC |
, 1 |
_ _ |
o |
re |
oc |
re |
© |
© |
© |
sO |
o |
sO |
|||||||||||||||||
4—' |
PnI |
oc |
oc |
oc |
—— |
■ — |
O' |
© |
© |
3 |
3 |
3 |
OC |
oc |
© |
© |
© |
r- |
r- |
© |
© |
OC |
oc |
Tf |
re |
re |
|||||||||||||||||||
c |
— |
— |
r<n |
rg |
r^, |
<N |
c*~, |
r*n |
(-'i |
*— |
Cxi |
C'l |
o |
o |
C4 |
rN |
<N |
<N |
Cx| |
c |
re |
re |
re |
||||||||||||||||||||||
o |
3 |
04 |
<N |
<N |
OO |
o |
o |
, ■ |
Ol |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
u |
.3 |
O |
o |
Qs |
Ch |
Q\ |
O' |
© |
O' |
Q\ |
3- |
O' |
O' |
o |
3 |
3 |
O' |
© |
3 |
3 |
© |
o |
3 |
© |
3 |
© |
© |
© |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
UU |
|||||||||||
r- f- i- |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
3 |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
u |
||||||||||||
Ln |
55 |
CO |
C/3 |
CO |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
O' |
O' |
> |
© |
© |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
|||||
> _0J |
3 0/ |
X 2 |
X X |
© (— |
© t— |
Ll. H |
X O |
X O |
X o |
X s |
X 2 |
U- H |
© f— |
Ll. H |
© f— |
© t- |
© f— |
X o |
X O |
X |
X |
X © |
X © a O |
X © CQ |
X © C0 |
© m O |
X © CQ O |
X © O |
X © m O |
Ll- I — |
© H |
X S |
X 2 |
X 2 |
X 2 |
X o |
X |
X 2 |
X 2 |
||||||
o |
a. s |
X |
X X |
H |
f— |
f— |
f“ |
H |
r- |
f— |
f“ |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
< |
1Z |
O |
o |
oo |
C/D |
oo |
00 |
w |
U5 |
C/D |
oo |
oo |
o |
||||||||||
£ |
£2 |
<f <• <c |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O |
o |
©, |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
2 |
2 |
|
|
< |
< |
< |
X |
||||||||||||||||
CJ £ |
© |
Q_ |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
oc |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
>■ |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
c/5 |
CO |
oo |
LU |
UJ |
u |
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
© |
oc |
m> |
r^j |
CnI |
— |
(N |
oc |
CN| |
OC |
sC |
sC |
© |
in |
r*~, |
r^i |
rsi |
OC |
in |
, 1 |
in |
»n |
oc |
r- |
r- |
<N |
<n |
oc |
Tj- |
o |
oc |
o |
, |
r- |
(N |
||||||||||||
' |
r- |
OC |
*“ |
Cn| |
sC |
r^( |
r- |
<N |
O' |
o |
— |
— |
— |
© |
tC) |
— |
oc |
— |
r- |
0s |
O |
r^ |
rf |
(N |
sC |
o |
m |
r- |
oc |
r^i |
r- |
i - |
r- |
r- |
||||||||||||
m |
O |
(N |
ter |
CnJ |
r^ |
oc |
(N |
o |
ON |
■ — |
<N |
OC |
rn |
CvJ |
r- |
— |
Csj |
— |
o |
o |
cn |
oc |
o |
CO |
sC |
r- |
O |
o |
q |
>: |
i — |
in |
oc |
r\ |
||||||||||||
cn |
mi |
(N |
— |
sd |
sd |
O'* |
sd |
oc |
ON |
sd |
— |
O' |
OC |
<n |
sd |
0s* |
o |
OC |
OC |
m |
oc |
rn |
O'* |
o^ |
o |
o |
rn |
Tf |
sd |
•n |
o’ |
sd |
rn |
* |
ni |
o’ |
oc |
o |
||||||||
CN |
r\j |
m |
r^i |
m |
<N |
— |
rvi |
— |
— |
<N |
• — |
— |
r^i |
in |
"3- |
VO |
rN |
m |
•n |
*n |
in |
r- |
rn |
CN O O r*-, oo ci r~- o © — o' ©
O' fl t~~ © f*5 r*0 rf <-«-,
O'
o —
— O')
© ©
r, x (N ri rf >c n ■ — © r*t — —
h f' IT, X M X T, r, © X 't ' — OC
© © ©
© © © © CN
O vi x >t ri ©©©'© — O ©
OriVII^'tvO-fNINvCVI — O'! © C O M O O r, © — © to OC -f sO s©
<N <n <n — — ©© — ©© — ©© —
© © © © <n — oc © © rs oc
© — ; © r-~ -«t cn — <n © <n 3- — sC'd<o<or-^r^r--sdid<or<-]oc
— oc — ro r-; © © -t id id 1-^3-
to c3
oc i-~
r~ 3- 3- 3
in |
cn m o |
m |
c*~, |
sO |
r- |
o |
oc |
»n |
oc |
in |
o |
, — |
o |
00 |
o |
(N |
o |
o |
oc |
||||
*“ |
— q q |
q |
CN |
oc |
q |
— |
m |
in |
r- |
in |
q |
o |
sC |
<N |
— |
o |
q |
q |
o |
||||
sd |
sd |
cd sd |
rn |
sd |
rd |
rsi |
c4 |
<N* |
rd |
rd |
— * |
sd |
r^i |
©' |
— |
r-’ |
ni |
d |
x©(N©x
>OT}-©^Tr--'};0(N'J;(NTt
© id id <d i''" r-’ © id id rd oc sd
co vo oo © oo © © © <n -r © oc © 3 >d lO f-- 3" rd id
o — i — t-' 3
oc © io oc n
't 't 'O © fO n
© |
r- |
o |
in |
in |
»n |
m |
r- |
sO |
o |
© |
o |
O |
>n |
— r^, |
|||
o |
q |
oc |
q |
— |
m |
o |
q |
r^( |
© |
q |
q |
q |
m |
q |
© |
q Tf |
|
© |
m |
sd |
rd |
ni |
cj |
ni |
rd |
rd |
— * |
sd |
rd |
© |
• — Tt* |
M M Vl
ro — © oi ©
(NININI^r, ©-XOX
r^qoxoh^vi oc © id rd id 3- t" sd © id 3 rd
m |
o |
sC |
o |
O |
sC |
o |
o |
O |
Cn| |
o |
sC |
— |
^t |
— |
— |
»n |
oc |
(N |
||
q |
q |
q |
q |
r^, |
oc |
o |
q |
^s |
m |
oc |
— |
NO |
oc |
q |
q |
q |
o |
q |
oc |
|
in |
in |
c4 |
rd |
c-i |
(N |
rd |
rd |
rd |
H |
in |
rd |
ni |
d |
<N |
cn©0©©©s©io«oio©3© ©3sCsC33>o©©sC — — © — : <N (N — © id © O ©’ — <N © ©
OC |
q |
o q |
r- q |
© |
^t © |
in © |
o q |
»n q |
q |
m |
q |
oc oc |
|
in |
r4 |
rd |
sd |
© |
© |
»n |
rn |
r4 |
r\i |
r-’ |
't Tf n ©
>: |
in |
© |
m |
r- |
oc |
oc |
m |
m |
— |
||
rsi |
rd |
(N |
csi |
rd |
oc <■*-,
00 IO
— m t~~ © ©
3- co — ©
3 r-- m <N — —
© © 3 © © in
in
<n -it © 3 — ©
oc |
»n |
^r |
© |
't- |
— |
m |
o |
sC |
rg |
m |
r- |
»n |
^r |
m |
r- |
o |
o |
© |
m |
»n |
r^ |
m |
sC |
OC |
m |
sc |
, — |
q |
o |
© |
O' |
o |
o |
o |
oc |
in |
rg |
q |
q |
q |
||||||
rn |
q |
m |
© |
© |
© |
q |
q |
q |
r^, |
q |
q |
oc |
q |
NO |
q |
oc |
q |
q |
q |
oc |
q |
oc |
© |
q |
oc |
— |
»n |
q |
00 |
q |
O |
sq |
q |
*t |
q |
q |
— |
o |
oc |
q |
o |
q |
q |
o |
||
rd |
— |
d |
rn |
© |
sd |
sd |
mi |
rd |
rsi |
d |
d |
d |
— |
© |
— |
(N |
<N |
<N* |
rd |
— |
rd |
— |
o’ |
o |
d |
© |
Csj |
— |
— * |
o’ |
d |
o |
d |
o’ |
d |
o’ |
o |
q |
»n |
m |
© |
o |
— |
r- |
— |
© |
r^( |
in |
© |
<N |
in |
0s |
<N |
OC |
© |
sC |
m |
r- |
O' |
o |
Cn |
in |
q |
m |
. — |
r- |
_ |
||||||||||
© |
Csj |
© |
oc |
oc |
© |
— |
«n |
OC |
© |
m, |
r- |
— |
r- |
r- |
in |
in |
oc |
o |
oc |
© |
— |
© |
mi |
•n |
m |
m |
OC |
© |
in |
in |
o |
m |
r- |
||||||
m |
"i- |
oc |
m |
m |
C'J |
oc |
oc |
— |
m |
— |
<N |
— |
— |
(N |
<N |
<N |
*— |
CN |
CN |
m |
CN |
© |
Csl |
© |
© |
||||||||||||||
rs4 |
rsj |
<N |
Csl |
Csj |
(N |
CN |
<N |
CN |
n |
ni |
■ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
r- |
© |
oc |
oc |
OC |
OC |
OC |
CN |
q |
Cn |
— K |
Cn |
Cn |
cn |
© |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
oc |
r- |
© |
© |
© |
o |
© |
o |
© |
© |
Cn |
oc |
oc |
oc |
oc |
OC |
oc |
Qs |
Cn |
© |
© |
Cn |
© |
© |
Cn |
Cn |
OC |
OC |
OC |
CN |
CN |
CN |
OC |
OC |
oc |
oc |
© m m i — mm in — — — r-~ >n
X X M t © (N
© t-' r—
oc oo o' © © ©
© © ©
O'©occ'©©©oco'
— © |
© |
|||||||||||||
u> |
i— |
|||||||||||||
o |
o |
o |
o |
|||||||||||
© |
© |
© |
-3 ^ |
|||||||||||
3 |
r" |
7) |
C/5 C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
C/5 |
2 |
c^ |
C/5 |
2 O |
||||
3 O |
O |
3 3 |
3 |
3 |
“ |
3 O |
3 |
3 |
o *g |
|||||
M 3_ ^ & <C cn |
-*—> © o C/5 |
Oli CO 35 SO 3 3 3 3 < < < < |
June |
>, 00 5 < |
3 |
3 |
Aug Aug Sept June |
July |
00 00 -3 3 =! U < < co O |
|||||
■— — |
•— |
u- •— |
J— |
}— |
•— u. |
•— |
•— |
»- k- u- |
Ui |
U- |
•— 1— |
|||
o o |
o |
o |
o p |
P |
O |
P p |
P |
O |
P |
<U O 0) |
O |
o |
o |
p o |
3 3 |
3 |
C3 |
3 C3 |
d |
r3 |
03 C 3 |
ci |
d |
rt |
eld'd |
3 |
r3 |
X |
rt 3 |
5 £ |
? |
^ ? |
? ? |
$ |
$ |
? ^ ^ |
||||||||
c c |
c |
C |
C C |
c |
c |
3 2 |
tz |
c |
2 |
= © © |
© |
© |
© |
© © |
o o |
O |
<3> |
o o |
o |
O |
O O |
o |
o |
O |
<u o o |
O |
o |
o |
o o |
© © |
© |
© |
© © |
© |
© |
© © |
© |
© |
© |
© o <u |
o |
o |
CJ |
o o |
o o o o |
o o o o |
o o o |
c |
o |
O O Q Q Q o |
Q Q |
©
r-
oc
© © © ©
1/3 X X
XXX
3 3 3
©2j^_>.opcooocpcocpcp£!_23§P£;'.>'.>'2.>'
<<<<<<<
< <
co
©
-*— * ■*—• -*— « -+— * -*— «
c/5 c/5 2 c/5 c/5 c/5
3 3 CD 3 3 3
6J) >, CD CO tfl
--33 — 3 2 3
C /D 7
C/5
3
OX)
3
CD
-2
o
qrn<Nqmin»n — — 00 00
^ c
cn
CN
r- s c
- — T^-T^-Tt
m m © O ©
in
C/D
u
<N — UJ CO
U U
©©©©©©©©
>
X
>
X
> > >
X X
XXXx^^-rX
OOOxOO^- X X X U Z Z co , , „
UUUJlXti-Hhh
IT) ir, sC 7
Tt x ^
C (N (S ^
I I I
© © © ^ < <c <C CQ
2 (/) Cfl 7)
>, >( >s
2 2 c :u; x; zi
03 c3 c3
U U O H H H
© © ©z z z
£ £ £ LU LU LU X
> O U <J u
X X X X X
X X
(— f— (— f— [_[—[— oUUUUUUUUOOUUUUO©©©©©©>->-^>-UCJUUOUCJ
o |
O |
CJ |
CJ |
O |
CD |
CD |
|||||||||||||||||
V- |
•— |
J— |
u. |
•— L_ |
i— |
— |
fc- |
•— |
•— |
— |
w- |
i— |
•— |
s— |
c |
2 |
2 |
c |
2 |
||||
CJ |
O |
o |
o |
CJ CJ |
o |
o |
CJ |
p |
p |
p |
CJ |
o |
o |
o |
o |
CJ |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
r- |
2 |
- — |
d |
d |
d |
3 |
a d |
Id |
3 |
d |
d |
d |
3 |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
C3 |
C3 |
c3 |
3 |
C3 |
C3 |
C3 |
* |
•s |
S £ |
£ |
=: |
$ |
CJ |
CJ |
CJ |
CJ |
CJ |
"cj |
T> |
|||||||||||
© |
© |
© |
© |
© © |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
© |
<D |
o |
CJ |
O |
O (L> |
CJ |
O |
O |
CJ |
o |
CJ |
CJ |
o |
CJ |
<i> |
o |
CJ |
O |
CJ |
CD |
CD |
CJ |
CD |
CJ |
CJ |
o |
CJ |
CJ |
CJ CJ |
CJ |
CJ |
0> |
CJ |
o |
CJ |
CJ |
o |
CJ |
o |
CJ |
CJ |
o |
CJ |
CJ |
<D |
CJ |
CD |
CD |
QQQQQQQQQ |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
o |
Q |
Q |
Q |
o |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
|||||||
© |
© |
r-~ |
— |
CN |
»n |
m |
m |
m |
in |
m |
oc |
OC |
oc |
oc |
© |
19 |
19 |
© |
m |
O' |
— |
||
0 |
0 |
m cn |
Cn |
m |
ri |
in |
LU 2 |
m |
in |
in |
|||||||||||||
© |
oc |
Cn |
q |
O oc |
r- |
oc |
m |
o |
«— |
sO |
sC |
CN |
|||||||||||
o |
<N |
CN |
CN |
m cn |
CN |
CN |
— |
rn |
m |
2s |
© |
© |
rn |
||||||||||
1 |
1 |
CN |
q |
CN |
O |
CO |
(O |
CO |
CO |
£ |
1 o |
1 |
i |
||||||||||
© |
© |
© |
© |
© © |
© |
© |
' — ' |
' — ' |
© |
© |
© |
Cn |
CN |
© |
Cn |
||||||||
< |
< |
< |
< |
< < |
< |
< |
u |
u |
o |
< |
< |
< |
X |
UJ |
LU |
< |
< |
< |
|||||
> |
> |
> |
> |
> > |
> |
> |
©: |
ct: |
c£: |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
<J |
O |
U |
> |
© |
> |
> |
X X X X X
_ ^ s
in in in >T)
X X 5 I
CL © _
r" ^ H H
X X
X
_ 5 . . hfcb
X X
XXX Q_ CL CL ©
z ^ ^ ^
X X X X X X X
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
Table V-6. Summary of continuous dissolved oxygen buoy data achievement/non-achievement of the applicable 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria by Chesapeake Bay Program segment by designated use.
3 *0 —
2 £ > <
S 3 O
2 £ 2 =
B B 2 |
- z!
“O
o
re- ^ {/)
« O Z •- o >• ? —
^ *3 C < . — «
>> o •*- j: « <• C C
A ^ « =
“| £.§
f*> ^ — C
22 *'Z
1 I §
n C X
2 .5 o s c .t: re -- V Hr ^ E
re
a*
L.
>.
re .3
Q !-
u
■W >
e a*
/ J=
w
<
■3
4)
u
<
-L
<
» « / r u •<
■g <_ £
c e =
a ca
z.
■o
re
re
s
ex
O </:
C 2
(N <Xi ifl O
- o
OOOO' — 04 O O O O O — ooo —
000000 00000 — 000 — 0000000000000
— O|i/")r0O04ix")OO — 04 04 — 04
— 00004040004t}-040IO — — 04 — 04 — in
— o —
(NOOrnOOOO — O 04 — O
<N
N O -
- — O O 04 O - OOO —
— ol >/~) r*~,
(N iXi O O M M (N — 04 O O — O
n^-O-vONM — CN^tlNNO — — (N — N — IX)
— O C) */") O O •'T ■ — OOO — — r, O n (N "t
04 04 —
— 04 XO O O 04 O — 04 O O O 04
— (N h- X V) (N iX) — - 04 04 — ro — m —
^ m — 04
lO (N N
O ro Ol 04 O — — ro — 04 — \D
- O - O M
m
— © © — ® 04 —
c~, 04 r*~, O Ol O 04
O - 0 0040 - OOO —
MO)3CX^O|iX) — Ol 04 Ol (N O O t — r0 04t^f0ro0l0400404 — — 't O Ol 04 04 — 04 •'3' — 04 — t~~
u- |
1— |
U- |
o u. C |
, |
— |
U. |
— |
i— |
u |
t- |
1-4 |
•— |
Ire |
•— |
u. |
j— |
•— |
— |
Ire |
Ire |
•— |
I— |
i— |
— — |
— — |
U" |
w* |
i— |
— |
L |
1— |
L |
l— |
||||||
O |
o |
o |
O C |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
<D |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
3 |
o |
O |
O |
o |
o |
53 |
O |
o |
3 |
o |
(D |
o |
<D |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
|
13 |
13 |
c3 |
13 2 |
c5 |
t3 |
c5 |
c3 |
rt |
C3 |
r3 |
c5 |
o3 |
c3 |
c5 |
rt |
cS |
c5 |
r3 |
C3 |
c3 |
"cS |
c3 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
CS |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
C3 |
13 |
|||||
£ |
s |
£ |
? o |
£ |
? |
S |
? |
? |
S |
£ |
? |
? |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cj |
c |
1 1 CL CL |
£ |
cL |
r— |
C- |
c |
CL |
c |
r— |
r— |
f**1 |
i. |
r- |
c |
c |
c |
i— |
c |
i CL |
r- |
c |
c |
c |
A |
i CL |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
C |
c |
|||
<u |
53 |
o |
<D <L> |
o |
<u |
53 |
u |
(U |
<D |
o |
53 |
ID |
O |
u |
53 |
o |
<D |
ID |
o |
o |
o |
O |
<D |
<D |
« |
<D |
o |
<D |
u |
<U |
<u |
o |
<u |
<u |
<u |
u |
<D |
<D |
<u |
D. |
c_ |
a. |
<L> 0) |
C- |
<u |
G- |
4> |
a. |
<U |
c. |
CL |
CL |
C- |
u |
C- |
CL |
CL |
Cl |
c. |
CL |
C- |
o |
CL |
Cl |
Q. |
CL |
CL |
<D |
CL |
CL |
c_ |
CL |
Cl |
CL |
CL |
a. |
CL |
Ore |
a |
o |
o O Q Q O |
Q |
o |
Q |
O |
Q |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
o |
O |
O |
o |
o |
O |
O |
a |
o |
o |
o |
O |
O |
Q |
o |
O |
o |
O |
o |
O |
O O |
o o |
O |
cqcqcqcqcqcqcqcqcqcqcqcq-:<!<5<
UUOUUUUUOUUO-^CQc-a.5
x x X x
sssto
> — 1 X H- t- uj O <
1X1 (/) c.
xx^x^ 2 2 i- O 2 . . f—1—a.a.CL
OOOO^o-o-
Cu O. Q_ D_ UL Q£ 0£
X I X .
±0.0.0-
X
^ ^ ^ O
< ca &. O
c_ >- >- 2
osll^ls
CQ Z GO <
hIL
CD < < X O
</5(«ajijJXti.h
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
Table V-7. Summary of continuous dissolved oxygen buoy data achievementynon-achievement of the applicable 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria summarized Bay-wide by designated use.
QJ
co ^ *Z
3 7 -5
O ^ ^
S ■ > ^
~ 3 Zj
« E In 5
3 3 ^ O 3 — ^ 5 7 !e? 7
= 2
c
<N
*0
« co
3 *0 3
2 > i
— w
O
3 < 3 Q ^ C5
®Z =
(N — O
CO
.2
*L
O
u
U
-3
CJ
o
<
^ (N O i/~> —
*0 r*"> C'J <N
i I
S t .5 c
■o
ZJ
o
<
r- o
—
r^i r- c*~, —
c
-
ZJ
>> Si
3
“C
o
o
<
I"- <N */“> O (N
r- ^ <n
<N
>0
O' C\|
r-
•D
O CO
O 3
O
v- j- c 00c cS c3 $2 £ £ o
I I I
C Cl C- 0 0(3-)
C- O O
O Q Q
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
52
Predicting the Lowest 1 Percent Concentration From The Mean
Down the left side of Figure V-l are plots of the 1 percent measured dissolved oxygen concentration versus the measured monthly mean concentration for each designated use (all buoy records parsed by month and pooled within designated use). Down the right side of Figure V-l are plots of the same sets of measurements only for an individual segment, CB4MH as an example, where multiple buoys or records including multiple months were available. Both solid circles and open triangles are displayed on the plots. The circles are the observed 1 percent concentration data; the triangles are concentrations predicted by a simple regression model including the observed monthly mean and the coefficient of variation. In these examples, the prediction model does pretty well because of the relative large number of observa¬ tions and thus the very good estimate of the monthly mean and 1 percent concentrations, as well as the close relationship of each observation to the next. As the number of available continuous buoy data records increases for a wider array of segments and designated uses, the Chesapeake Bay Program partners should be in a position to develop a more generalized model for designated uses by segment that would enable the user to predict the 1 percent concentration from the monthly means obtained from the long-term fixed-station monitoring data.
One question still under investigation is how well those observed monthly means compare to the means obtained from the continuous buoy data records. Figure V-2, which shows the fixed station twice monthly monitoring data and semi-continuous buoy data plotted together, provides some current insights into answering this ques¬ tion. Down the left side of Figure V-2 are plots of the observed 1 percent concentrations versus observed monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentrations (June-September) obtained from fixed station monitoring data and plotted for open- water, deep-water and deep-channel designated uses in segment CB4MH. Down the right side of Figure V-2 are the plots from the continuous buoy data for CB4MH. The vertical and horizontal reference lines cutting each graph into 4 quadrants represent the 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria concentra¬ tions. Again, a regression model using the mean and coefficient of variation of the monitoring data has been used to predict the 1 percent concentration. As illustrated in Figure V-l, solid circles represent the observed concentrations and open triangles represent the predicted concentrations. As expected from the fixed station moni¬ toring data, the fit of predicted to observed is not as tight as with the buoy data. These regression models can be improved with the addition of more explanatory variables. The point is that in some, possibly many segments, the relationship of the monthly mean with the 1 percent concentration evidenced in monitoring data is similar to that found in the buoy data records. The regression models output illustrated in Figures V-l and V-2 can be improved by including other explanatory variables to better predict the variability detected and quantified in the buoys.
Figure V-3 shows similar plots of the 1 percent concentration versus the monthly mean obtained from monitoring data in various other example segments. Note how tight the relationship is in segment BOHOH (Bohemia River) in contrast to the
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
53
c
<1)
O) ..
& 5 o =S
~U
| g
8 5
a °
£
c
CD
D)
(/)
sy
Open— Water Segments
c
10
8
6
4'
2
0
-2
* |
|
• • V# w |
, . * - |
Deep-Water Segments
c
cn _
if 5
O fi ts -6
? I I c 8 5 a °
£
-2
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
Deep— Channel Segments
5
«
TS -fe
I I | g
v> 5 O
12
n
8
6
4
2
0
-2i
'
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
■ ■ •m |
|
• * |
* 4# a • • - 1 |
12
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
c
<D
01
Jf 5
O I
TJ -fe
$ s
I g 8 & a °
£
a
*
12
«
8
6
4
2
0
-2-L
c
a>
cn
I' s
O «
TS -fe
i I
| g 8 S
n <->
12
n
8
6
4
2
0
—2 i
C
if ^ O 1
TS H % * I g 8 5
o
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
—2
CB4MH Open -Water
* . * Jv A |
|
• A |
• • • |
-2 0 2 4 6 8 0
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
12
CB4MH Deep-Wiater
• » A m |
|
-2 0 2 4 6 8 0
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
12
CB4MH Deep— Channel
-2 0 2 4 6 8 0
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
12
Figure V-l . Plots of monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration (mg liter1) versus the 1 percentile dissolved oxygen concentration as measured by sensors on individual buoys. Plots on left side show patterns of dissolved oxygen concentration data pooled across Chesapeake Bay Program segments within open-water, deep-water and deep-channel uses. Plots on the right side show patterns of dissolved oxygen concentration data from middle cen¬ tral Chesapeake Bay, segment CB4MH. Circles are observed dissolved oxygen concentration data; open triangles are dissolved oxygen concentrations predicted by the regression model: 1 percent dissolved oxygen concentration as a function of monthly mean dissolved oxygen and the coefficient of variation.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
54
f.
I
8 5
c
0)
U)
8
CB4MH Open -Water Monitoring Data
£
c
e
I
"o
i s
Q 8
12
«
8
8
8
2
0
-2
- |
-2 0 2 4 6 8 K)
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
CB4MH Deep-Water Monitoring Data
c o
1 TS £
5 £ t £
V) o
« <3
CB4MH Deep— Channel Monitoring Data
a>
o» _
F §
O «
tj
I £
O 8
a °
•vP
12
• • |
|
-2 0216 81012 Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
• f %m A 4 # |
|
WT. |
-2 0246 81012
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
c
CD
B)
T3
I
8
CO
G
c
<1)
G)
£
“D
|
8
CO
G
12
n
8
8
4
2
0
-2
C
a)
f £
o n
1 £
8 5
a °
t2
10
8
8
4
2
0
-2
CB4MH Open -Water Buoy Data
81 • - |
|
• 8* |
* f |
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
12
CB4MH Deep-Water Buoy Data
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
CB4MH Deep— Channel Buoy Data
-2 0 2 16 8 10 Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
12
Figure V-2. Plots of monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration (mg liter1) versus the 1 percentile dissolved oxygen concentration in middle central Chesapeake Bay, segment CB4MH. Plots on left side show the pattern of observed dissolved oxygen concentration data from the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program (May-September 1985-2003). Plots on right side show observed dissolved oxygen data from segment CB4MH as measured during various buoy deployments. Circles are observed dissolved oxygen concentrations; open triangles are dissolved oxygen concentrations predicted by the regression model: 1 percent dissolved oxygen concentration as a function of monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration and coefficient of variation.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
55
sc
If
J g
£8
vQ
O'**
l
£
v c o 1 o
s £
O H
V) o
£ <3
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
CB1TF Open— Water
-2 0 2 4 $ 8 10 12
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
C87PH Open— Water
-2 0 2 4 $ 8 10
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
12
MAGMH Open— Water
C
4>
O)
O
w
to
G
c
0)
O) _
3 1 8 |
12
10
8
8
4
2
0
-2
BOH OH Open -Water
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
CB7PH Deep-Water
• • * |
|
V Cl |
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
12
YRKPH Deep-Water
Figure V-3. Plots of monthly mean ambient dissolved oxygen concentration versus the one percentile dissolved oxygen concentrations in several example Chesapeake Bay Program segments: the northern Chesapeake Bay (CB1TF), Bohemia River (BOHOH), open-water and deep-water lower eastern Chesapeake Bay (CB7PH), Magothy River (MAGMH) and the lower York River (YRKPH). These graphics show patterns of dissolved oxygen data from the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program from May-September 1985-2003. Circles are observed dissolved oxygen concentration data; open triangles are dissolved oxygen concentrations predicted by the regression model:
1 percent dissolved oxygen concentration as a function of monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration and coefficient of variation.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
56
scatter of points in the plot for segment MAGMH (Magothy River), indicating large between-segment differences in variability and predictability.
The plots in Figure V-3 illustrate the differences among segments in their patterns of criteria non-achievement. The four quadrants bounded by the reference lines in the plots represent the four possible results from a two-criteria achievement assessment. Let the quadrants be numbered clockwise 1 through 4, beginning with the upper right hand quadrant. Any data points in quadrant 1 achieve both the 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum criteria. Data points in quadrant 2 achieve the 30-day mean criterion, but do not achieve the instantaneous minimum criterion. Data points in quadrant 3 do not achieve both the 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum criteria. Data points in quadrant 4 achieve the instantaneous minimum criterion, but do not achieve the 30-day mean criterion. In a fully restored Chesapeake Bay, one would expect that most data points would fall in quadrant 1. In impaired segments, where low dissolved oxygen conditions are frequent or chronic, one would expect most data points to fall in quadrant 3. In segments where low dissolved oxygen events are episodic, ranging from occasional to frequent, one would expect a dense population of data points in quadrant 2. And, where dissolved oxygen concentrations are chronically reduced, but really low dissolved oxygen concentrations are rare, then one would expect some data points in quadrant 4.
Providing plots such as those presented in Figure V-3 for each designated use for every segment is impractical for this document. Instead, Table V-8 shows the number of points in a representative data set that would be in each quadrant, if the data were plotted as in Figure V-3 using the summer only data from a recent 10-year period: June-September, 1993-2002.
There are 66 segments that have only open-water designated uses. A total of 28 of these segments achieve both the 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum criteria, i.e., which have all their data points in quadrant 1 and none or only one data point in the other quadrants. These segments are marked with a single asterisk in Table V-8. In these open-water only segments, assessment of attainment of the instantaneous minimum criterion can be directly based on assessment of attainment of the 30-day mean criterion (Table V-9).
A total of 18 segments with only open-water designated uses had the vast majority (greater than two-thirds) of their data points in either quadrant 1 or quadrant 3. These segments are marked with double asterisks in Table V-8. The assessment of attain¬ ment of the instantaneous minimum criterion can be directly based on assessment of attainment of the 30-day mean criterion in these segments (Table V-9).
In five segments with only open-water designated uses there were sufficient data points in quadrant 2 indicating a much higher occurrence where the 30-day mean criterion was achieved yet the instantaneous minimum criterion was not achieved. These segments are marked with a single dash in Table V-8. These five segments were: upper Chesapeake Bay (CB20H), Magothy River (MAGMH), Severn River (SEVMH), Mobjack Bay (MOBPH) and Little Choptank River (LCHMH). Users
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
57
Table V-8. Characterization of the Chesapeake Bay Program segments based on
occupied quadrants in a plot of the 1 percent dissolved oxygen concentration versus observed monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration1.
Number of Data Points By Quadrant by Designated Use
CBP Segment |
Open |
-Water |
Deep-Water |
Deep-Channel |
|||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
2 3 |
4 |
|
CB1TF* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
CB20H- |
12 |
19 |
8 |
0 |
|||||||
CB3MH |
38 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
34 |
4 |
0 |
3 |
17 18 |
0 |
CB4MH |
35 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
31 |
0 |
2 |
2 36 |
0 |
CB5MH |
36 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
29 |
5 |
0 |
11 |
20 9 |
0 |
CB6PH |
31 |
9 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
|||
CB7PH |
36 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
33 |
5 |
2 |
0 |
|||
CB8PH* |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
BSHOH* |
37 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|||||||
GUNOH** |
38 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||
MIDOH* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
BACOH** |
36 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|||||||
PATMH |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
33 |
0 |
1 |
1 7 |
0 |
MAGMH- |
8 |
16 |
16 |
0 |
|||||||
SEVMH- |
7 |
9 |
19 |
4 |
|||||||
SOUMH** |
3 |
2 |
31 |
3 |
|||||||
RHDMH** |
37 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||
WSTMH** |
28 |
3 |
5 |
3 |
|||||||
PAXTF* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
WBRTF* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
PAXOH** |
31 |
0 |
2 |
7 |
|||||||
PAXMH |
25 |
15 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
11 |
21 |
0 |
|||
POTTF* |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
PISTF** |
38 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
MATTF* |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
POTOH* |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
POTMH |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
25 |
10 |
0 |
10 |
7 22 |
0 |
RPPTF* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
RPPOH* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
RPPMH |
35 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
24 |
15 |
1 |
0 |
22 |
8 3 |
0 |
CRRMH** |
20 |
2 |
11 |
7 |
|||||||
PIAMH** |
38 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
MPNTF |
29 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
|||||||
MPNOH |
25 |
0 |
0 |
13 |
|||||||
PIMKTF |
26 |
0 |
3 |
10 |
|||||||
PMKOH |
22 |
0 |
0 |
17 |
|||||||
YRKMH** |
30 |
0 |
2 |
8 |
|||||||
YRKPH** |
35 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
32 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
|||
MOBPH- |
25 |
14 |
1 |
0 |
|||||||
JMSTF* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
APPTF* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
JMSOH* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
CFIKOH* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
JMSMH* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||||||
JMSPH* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|||||||
WBEMH** |
31 |
0 |
1 |
7 |
|||||||
SBEMH |
22 |
0 |
4 |
13 |
29 |
0 |
3 |
2 |
|||
EBEMH |
25 |
0 |
2 |
12 |
|||||||
LAFMH** |
17 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
|||||||
ELIPH** |
36 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
|||||||
NORTF* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
continued |
||||||
C&DOH* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
Table V-8 (continued). Characterization of the Chesapeake Bay Program segments
based on occupied quadrants in a plot of the 1 percent dis¬ solved oxygen concentration versus observed monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration1 .
Number of Data Points By Quadrant by Designated Use
CBP Segment |
Open- |
-Water |
||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
BOHOH* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
ELKOH* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SASOH* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
CHSOH* |
39 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
CHSMH |
37 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
EASMH |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
CHOOH** |
34 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
CHOMH2** |
26 |
2 |
9 |
3 |
CHOMH1 ** |
33 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
LCHMH- |
4 |
11 |
24 |
0 |
FSBMH* |
36 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
NANTF** |
35 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
NANMH* |
38 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
WICMH |
28 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
MANMH* |
37 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
B1GMH* |
38 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
POCTF |
18 |
0 |
3 |
19 |
POCMH* |
40 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
TANMH** |
27 |
6 |
5 |
1 |
Deep-Water
12 3 4
12 8 14 1
1 13 20 2
Deep-Channel
12 3 4
2 0 3 0
2 0 2 0
'Quad 1 : both 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum criteria achieved; quad 2: 30-day mean criterion achieved, instantaneous minimum criterion not achieved; quad 3: both 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum criteria not achieved; quad 4: 30-day mean criterion not achieved, instantaneous minimum criterion achieved. Based on data from the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program twice monthly cruises between June and September, 1993 through 2002 (most recent 10 years).
Single asterisk (*): Open-water use only segment with all data points in quadrant 1 and none or only one data point in the other three quadrants.
Double asterisk (**): Open-water use only segment with a vast majority of data points (greater than two-thirds) in either quadrant 1 or quadrant 3.
Single dash(-): Open-water use only segment with sufficient data points in quadrant 2 indicating a much higher occurrence where the 30-day mean criterion was achieved yet the instantaneous minimum criterion was not achieved.
Boldface type: Open-water use only segment with a large number of data points in quadrant 1 and quadrant 4 and none or very few data points in the other two quadrants.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
Table V-9. Chesapeake Bay Program segments and tidal water designated uses where attainment of the instantaneous minimum, 1-day mean and 7-day mean dissolved oxygen criteria can be assessed using 30-day mean data or dissolved oxygen criteria attainment assessment may require collection and evaluation of data of higher frequency than 30-day means.
59
S3 *o S3 -a |
ZJ S3 ■= •2 ©x La •“ ZJ — ■Z t |
-day mean |
Deep- Channel |
X |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||||
E 3 E s E 3 O |
© •— = §• © La s X ^ 2 ■o E , -w i— = |
data than 30 |
Deep- Water |
X |
X |
X |
||||||||||||||||||||
© C S3 3 S3 C/i s |
§ i E ^ |
frequency |
Open- Water |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||
S3 ■a £ |
« 3 ■f 3 g ^ ZJ 3 — S3 .2 © La 3 |
Deep- Channel |
X |
X |
||||||||||||||||||||||
E *E i 3 © © |
© 3 J- S3 W -a 3 ® s ^ 3 Zt 3 3 5 3 ' "3 r~- u <*> 3 z S3 © OJ c 1/5 3 S3 |
Deep- Water |
X |
X |
X |
X |
||||||||||||||||||||
S3 -w 3 S3 3 |
Open- Water |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
||||||
r- |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
■h* 3 ZJ E ZJ C/5 |
Segmei Code |
CB1TF |
CB20II |
CB3MH |
CB4MH |
CB5MH |
CB6PH |
CB7PH |
CB8PH |
BSHOH |
GUNOH |
MIDOH |
BACOH |
PATMH |
MAGMH |
SEVMH |
SOUMH |
RHDMH |
WSTMH |
PAXTF |
WBRTF |
PAXOH |
PAXMH |
POTTF |
||
E S3 La tx © La 0. S3 oa © S3 © a S3 © -= u |
Segment Name |
Northern Chesapeake Bay |
Upper Chesapeake Bay |
Upper Central Chesapeake Bay |
Middle Central Chesapeake Bay |
Lower Central Chesapeake Bay |
Western Lower Chesapeake Bay |
Eastern Lower Chesapeake Bay |
Mouth of the Chesapeake Bay |
Bush River |
Gunpowder River |
Middle River |
Back River |
Patapsco River |
Magothy River |
Severn River |
South River |
Rhode River |
West River |
Upper Patuxent River |
Western Branch Patuxent River |
Middle Patuxent River |
Lower Patuxent |
Upper Potomac River |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
continued
Table V-9 (continued). Chesapeake Bay Program segments and tidal water designated uses where attainment of the instantaneous min¬ imum, 1-day mean and 7-day mean dissolved oxygen criteria can be assessed using 30-day mean data or dis¬ solved oxygen criteria attainment assessment may require collection and evaluation of data of higher frequency than 30-day means.
60
03 ■3 03 ■3 i |
3 l- 03 0J .2-SoS S s £ r « 3 |
Deep- Channel |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
E 3 s *s 1 S/i 3 O |
C-» — o = 1 2 S E 1* £ 2 33 _ 03 pi s -a |
Deep- Water |
X |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||||
U 3 03 fa* 3 03 ■fa* & 3 |
mean/ assessme frequency |
Open- Water |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
||||||||||||||||||
03 ■3 E 3 £ *3 s (/5 3 O Zj c |
« 3 ■2 « 5 ’S W 3 — 03 .2 3/ - 3 |
Deep- Channel |
X |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||||
* .t; U 03 « -a 3 © 2 ® 3 oi = 3 ■3 ® rl ^ 3 03 4> «j <*> 3 ^ E 03 |
Deep- Water |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
03 fa- 3 03 -fa* 1/2 3 |
Open- Water |
N/D |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
||||||
Chesapeake Bay Program Segment |
Segment Code |
ANATF |
PISTF |
MATTF |
POTOH |
POTMH |
RPPTF |
RPPOH |
RPPMH |
CRRMH |
PIAMH |
MPNTF |
MPNOH |
PMKTF |
PMKOH |
YRKMH |
YRKPH |
MOBPH |
JMSTF |
APPTF |
JMSOH |
CHKOH |
JMSMH |
JMSPH |
|
Segment Name |
Anacostia River |
Piscataway Creek |
Mattawoman Creek |
Middle Potomac River |
Lower Potomac River |
Upper Rappahannock River |
Middle Rappahannock River |
Lower Rappahannock River |
Corrotoman River |
Piankatank River |
Upper Mattaponi River |
Lower Mattaponi River |
Upper Pamunkey River |
Lower Pamunkey River |
Middle York River |
Lower York River |
Mobjack Bay |
Upper James River |
Appomattox River |
Middle James River |
Chickahominy River |
Lower James River |
Mouth of the James River |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
61
i/l-day day riteria re higher -day mean |
Deep- Channel |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
ous minimuir 7-day mean c nt may requi data than 30 |
Deep- Water |
X |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Instantane mean/ assessme frequency |
Open- Water |
X |
X |
X |
||||||||||||||||||||
. « « « - ■? « 73 — u c g .2 2 - - p |
Deep- Channel |
X |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||||
3 ■■ £ +s ^ = w -o £ = © 3 c ex o = 3 £ S*| 1 -o 3 1". a> 8 M +* C t*i » 8 41 = a> £ mm e 5/5 £ 3 |
Deep- Water |
X |
X |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Open- Water |
X |
X |
X |
N/D |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
Q/N |
X |
X |
X |
N/D |
X |
X |
X |
N/D |
X |
X |
||||
Chesapeake Bay Program Segment |
Segment Code |
WBEMH |
SBEMH |
EBEMH |
LAFMH |
ELIPH |
LYNPH |
NORTF |
C&DOH |
BOHOH |
ELKOH |
HOSVS |
CHSTF |
CHSOH |
CHSMH |
EASMH |
CHOTF |
CHOOH |
CHOMH2 |
CHOMH1 |
LCHMH |
HNGMH |
FSBMH |
NANTF |
Segment Name |
Western Branch Elizabeth River |
Southern Branch Elizabeth River |
Eastern Branch Elizabeth River |
Lafayette River |
Mouth to mid-Elizabeth River |
Lynnhaven River |
Northeast River |
C&D Canal |
Bohemia River |
Elk River |
Sassafras River |
Upper Chester River |
Middle Chester River |
Lower Chester River |
Eastern Bay |
Upper Choptank River |
Middle Choptank River |
Lower Choptank River |
Mouth of the Choptank River |
Little Choptank River |
Honga River |
Fishing Bay |
Upper Nanticoke River |
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
continued
Table V-9 (continued). Chesapeake Bay Program segments and tidal water designated uses where attainment of the instantaneous min¬ imum, 1-day mean and 7-day mean dissolved oxygen criteria can be assessed using 30-day mean data or dis¬ solved oxygen criteria attainment assessment may require collection and evaluation of data of higher frequency than 30-day means.
3 • a 3 ■o |
riteria re higher -day mean |
Deep- Channel |
|||||||||
E 3 E "E E CO 3 O |
7-day mean c nt may requii data than 30 |
Deep- Water |
|||||||||
it C 3 3 3 CO C |
mean/ assessme frequency |
Open- Water |
X |
X |
|||||||
;►> 3 •s i E 3 E ’E E CO 3 O it c |
3 « 5 1 (J 3 - w .2 <u 3 |
Deep- Channel |
|||||||||
it - .t: ;►> S- 3 « -3 2 ® 3 CJD 3 3 £>'35 5 3 W ■ ' "3 t — 3 co 3 it flj CO 3 ^ E 3 |
Deep- Water |
||||||||||
3 3 3 CO 3 |
Open- Water |
N/D |
X |
X |
X |
N/D |
X |
X |
|||
•*»> 3 it E WD it C fl |
Segment Code |
NANOH |
NANMH |
WICMH |
MANMH |
BIGMH |
POCTF |
POCOH |
POCMH |
TANMH |
|
3 3 Lh 3C O u ft. >> 3 a 3 it a. 3 CO u 5 |
Segment Name |
Middle Nanticoke River |
Lower Nanticoke |
Wicomico River |
Manokin River |
Big Annemessex River |
Upper Pocomoke River |
Middle Pocomoke River |
Lower Pocomoke Sound |
Tangier Sound |
JO
03
5
>
3
3 . — •
3
-o
s
0)
co
X
o
*o
<L>
j>
o
CO
GO
•5
o
3
X>
o
-o
c
3
c
_o 1 — • 3 GO
-a
<D
x
tp
c
QJ
O
£
CO
a
II
Q
X
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
63
assessing attainment of 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria within these five segments are cautioned to not automatically assume attain¬ ment of the 30-day mean criterion reflects attainment of the instantaneous minimum criterion (Table V-9). Site-specific buoy deployments may be necessary to either better quantify a relationship or assess attainment using both low- and high- frequency data sources.
Seven segments with only open-water designated uses had a large number of data points in quadrant 1 (both criteria were achieved) and in quadrant 4 (instantaneous minimum criterion achieved, but the 30-day mean criterion not achieved) and none or very few data points in other quadrants were marked in bold typeface in Table V- 8. These seven segments were: upper (MPNTF) and lower (MPNOH) Mattaponi, upper (PMKTF) and lower (PMKOH) Pamunkey River, Eastern Branch Elizabeth River (EBEMH), Wicomico River (WICMH), and upper Pocomoke River (POCTF.)
The segments in the Pamunkey and Mattaponi rivers (segments PMKTF, PMKOH and MPNTF, MPNOH, respectively) are known to be strongly influenced by rela¬ tively large expanses of fringing wetlands along the entire length of both tidal rivers. The Wicomico River (WICMH) and upper Pocomoke River (POCTF) also have large areas of tidal wetlands along particular reaches of these two rivers. The natural influences of extensive fringing tidal wetlands systems, described in more detail in Chapter 6, are the likely reason for why the 30-day mean/instantaneous minimum relationship does not fully apply to these seven segments. More site specific evalua¬ tion of the data and conditions within the Eastern Branch of the Elizabeth River (EBEMH) is required to understand what’s happening in this tidal system.
Users assessing attainment of the 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria within these seven segments are cautioned not to automat¬ ically assume that attainment of the 30-day mean criterion reflects attainment of the instantaneous minimum criterion (Table V-9). Site-specific buoy deployments may be necessary either to better quantify a relationship or assess attainment using both low- and high-frequency data sources.
For the remaining seven segments with only open-water designated uses, there were insufficient buoy data available to assess whether attainment of the 30-day mean criterion reflected attainment of the instantaneous minimum criterion. These segments are marked with a “N/D” in Table V-9.
Of the thirteen segments with deep-water or deep-water and deep-channel desig¬ nated uses, eleven of the segments had the vast majority (greater than two-thirds) of their open-water designated use data points in quadrant 1 (Table V-8), directly supporting the assessment of attainment of the instantaneous minimum criterion directly based on assessment of attainment of the 30-day mean criterion in these segments (Table V-9). Users assessing attainment of the 30-day mean and instanta¬ neous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria within the lower Patuxent River (PAXMH) and Southern Branch Elizabeth River (SBEMH) are cautioned not to automatically assume that attainment of the 30-day mean criterion reflects attain¬ ment of the instantaneous minimum criterion.
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
64
Ten of these thirteen segments with deep-water or deep-water and deep-channel designated uses also showed evidence of a strong relationship between achieved/not achieved in the assessment of the instantaneous minimum using monthly mean data for the deep-water and/or deep channel designated uses (Table V-8). These segments were: middle central Chesapeake Bay (CB4MH), western lower Chesapeake Bay (CB6PH), eastern lower Chesapeake Bay (CB7PH), Patapsco River (PATMH), lower Potomac River (POTMH) [deep-channel use only], lower Rappahannock River (RPPMH) [deep-channel use only], lower York River (YRKPH), Southern Branch Elizabeth River (SBEMH), lower Chester River (CSHMH), and Eastern Bay (EASMH) [deep channel use only] (Table V-9).
In the cases of the upper central Chesapeake Bay (CB3MH), lower central Chesa¬ peake Bay (CB5MH), lower Patuxent River (PAXMH), lower Potomac River (POTMH) [deep-water use only], lower Rappahannock River (RPPMH) [deep-water use only] and Eastern Bay (EASMH) [deep-water use only] there are sufficient data points in quadrant 2 indicating a higher occurrence where the 30-day mean criteria were achieved yet the instantaneous minimum criteria were not achieved in deep¬ water and/or deep-channel designated use habitats (Table V-8). Users assessing attainment of 30-day mean and instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criteria within these seven segments and their respective deep-water/deep channel desig¬ nated uses are cautioned not to automatically assume that attainment of the 30-day mean criterion reflects attainment of the instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criterion (Table V-9). Site-specific buoy deployments may be necessary either to better quantity a relationship or assess attainment using both low- and high- frequency data sources.
ASSESSMENT OF 7-DAY MEAN CRITERIA ATTAINMENT
FROM MONTHLY MEAN DATA
The open-water designated use habitats are also subject to a 7-day mean criterion.
The continuous buoy data were examined to look for relationships between the 30- day mean and the 7-day mean values. Buoy data records with durations over 14 days (at least two 7-day periods) were examined. Figure V-4 shows plots of the sequen¬ tial as opposed to a rolling series of 7-day means versus the 30-day mean for the more limited number of data records that were available. There is more scatter in these relationships than in the 30-day mean versus instantaneous minimum relation¬ ships. However, a significant majority of the data points are found in the first and third quadrants, where the data points both achieve (quadrant 1) or both do not achieve (quadrant 3) the 30-day mean and 7-day mean criteria. There is clearly a strong relationship between achieving/not achieving of the 30-day mean and 7-day mean criteria. The remaining data points tended to be in the second quadrant where the data points do not achieve the 30-day mean criterion but achieve the 7-day mean criterion. Only 3 data points were located in the fourth quadrant.
chapter v • Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
65
CB4MH Open— Water
C
_ CD
III
T3 1:
% s
I 3 5
m o b
i
1 |
• • Jr |
V |
0 2 4 6 8 » 12
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
MOBPH Open -Water
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
POTOH Open— Water
_ S § § s
>»T3 ^
a 5 s
I | s
1^ M O
b
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
••
.1
i i i i r i i i ■ | i i i i i i i i i | i i ' i i i i i | i» i ' i ' i i i | ' i i i i i ' i i T r i i i i '
0 2 4 6 8 10
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
n-T-r
12
CB4MH Deep-Water
C
_ CD
III
>>13 C 8 % 8 I 3,5
co O b
• • • • • ;*«* * : |
|
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
CHOMH1 Open-Water
IIs
SNT3 C
8 > s i 3 5
r- w O b
• 8
I I I I I I I I | I I I I I I I I I | I I I I I I I I | I I I I 1 I I I I | I I I I I I I I I | I I 1 I 1 1 I I I
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
PAXMH Open— Water
Monthly Mean Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
Figure V-4. Plots of monthly mean dissolved oxygen concentration (mg liter1) versus the 7-day mean dissolved oxygen concentration (mg liter1) in several example Chesapeake Bay Program segments: open-water and deep¬ water middle central Chesapeake Bay (CB4MH), Mobjack Bay (MOBPH), lower Choptank River (CHOMH1), middle Potomac River (POTOH) and lower Patuxent River (PAXMH).
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database. http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
66
FINDINGS
For the majority of Chesapeake Bay Program segments and the designated use habi¬ tats within those segments identified in Table V-9, dissolved oxygen concentration data collected through monthly to twice monthly sampling at the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program fixed-stations can be used to assess attainment of all higher frequency dissolved oxygen criteria components including the 7-day mean, 1-day mean and instantaneous minimum criteria. For the remaining segments and identified designated uses, further targeted buoys deployments are required to more fully characterize and quantify the relationships between the monthly mean, 7- day mean, 1-day mean and instantaneous minimum concentrations. Further work is underway to factor in additional variables to strengthen the predictive relationships between the 30-day mean, 7-day mean, 1-day mean and instantaneous minimum values and therefore, the assessment of attainment of the instantaneous minimum, 1- day mean and 7-day mean criteria using monthly mean observations.
LITERATURE CITED
Jordan, S.J., C. Stenger, M. Olson, R. Batiuk and K. Mountford. 1992. Chesapeake Bay Dissolved Oxygen Goal for Restoration of Living Resource Habitats: A Synthesis of Living Resource Requirements with Guidelines for Their Use in Evaluating Model Results and Monitoring Information. CBP/TRS 88/93. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. Ambient Water Quality • Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen. Water Clarity' and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
chapter v
Guidance for Attainment Assessment of Instantaneous Minimum and 7-Day Mean Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
chapter \/i
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria for Assessing Criteria Attainment of Naturally Low Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations in Tidal Wetland Influenced Estuarine Systems
Tidal wetlands are a valuable component of estuarine systems. In the Pamunkey River, they have been shown to be net sinks for sediments (Neubauer et al. 2001 ) and in most cases also serve to remove nutrients from overlying water (Anderson et al. 1997). High rates of organic production, accompanied by high rates of respiration (Neubauer et al. 2000), can significantly reduce dissolved oxygen and enhance dissolved inorganic carbon levels both in sediment pore water and overlying water in wetland systems. Another process that can deplete dissolved oxygen in wetland sediments is nitrification, which converts ammonium to nitrite and nitrate (Tobias et al. 2001).
Subsequent to publication of Ambient Water Quality' for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries (U.S. EPA 2003a), Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and the District of Columbia initiated their respective processes for adopting new and/or revising existing state water quality standards. In so doing, Virginia requested support and guidance from EPA in determining the appropriate dissolved oxygen criteria/designated use/attainment procedures for the tidal Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers for addressing the naturally lower ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations. Based on the scientific literature and personal communications with Chesapeake Bay wetland scientists, EPA recog¬ nized the need to explore accommodations for the special circumstances in these tidal wetland influenced estuarine systems with respect to criteria levels, designated uses and/or criteria attainment assessment.
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
NATURAL CONDITIONS/FEATURES INDICATING ROLE OF WETLANDS IN LOW DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS
A future objective is to define more fully the natural conditions and physical features in Chesapeake Bay tidal systems that would indicate that tidal wetlands are playing a significant role in naturally reducing ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations. Those natural conditions/features have not yet been firmly established but Tables VI- 1 and VI-2 provide some key physical and water quality statistics for the tidal Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers. Appendix A provides similar data for other tidal fresh and oligohaline regions in the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries for comparison. Four natural conditions/features have been evaluated here to document and help quantify the influence of tidal wetlands on the dissolved oxygen deficit observed in the tidal Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers.
SURFACE TO VOLUME RATIOS/LARGE FRINGING WETLAND AREAS
The tidal fresh and oligohaline segments in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers are among the smallest volume, with a small surface to volume ratio and large areas of fringing tidal marsh — 1.5 times larger than the tidal surface water area — relative to other segments throughout the Bay’s tidal waters (Table VI- 1; Appendix A, Table A-l).
WATER QUALITY CONDITIONS
Table VI-2 gives some water quality statistics for recent years. These years happen to have had dry to record-dry summers and that low flow regime should be borne in mind. Severe low dissolved oxygen conditions (concentrations < 3 mg liter 1 ) are not obvious, but average dissolved oxygen concentrations, in both surface and bottom waters, are about 2.5 to 3 mg liter'1 below calculated oxygen saturation levels (Table VI-2). Chlorophyll a concentrations are comparatively low, as are the total nitrogen concentrations (with the exception of the oligohaline Pamunkey River segment PMKOH). Phosphorus concentrations range from mid to high compared to other tidal systems.
The dissolved oxygen deficit in these two tidal systems is among the highest observed in the Chesapeake Bay’s tidal tributaries. The dissolved oxygen deficits observed in the recent dry years (Table VI-2) are similar to those observed over the 1985-2002 Chesapeake Bay water quality monitoring program data record (Figure VI- 1). These findings indicate that the processes driving the recorded dissolved oxygen deficits are due largely to natural processes internal to the tidal system and not as much to external nonpoint nutrient loadings (which are naturally reduced during the recent dry years due to decreased surface runoff).
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
69
Table VI-1 . Some physical characteristics of the Mattaponi and Pamunkey tidal fresh (MPNTF and TMKTF, respectively) and oligohaline (MPNOH and PMKOH, respectively) segments: depth distribution based on depth of cells in the Chesapeake Bay Program volumetric interpolator, acres of fringing tidal wetlands, segment perimeter, segment water surface area, segment water column volume and segment water surface area:water column volume ratio.
Maximum CBP Depth Segment (meters) |
75th Percentile (meters) |
Median Depth (meters) |
25th Percentile (meters) |
Minimum Depth (meters) |
Wetland Acreage (acres) |
Segment Perimeter (meters) |
Segment Surface Area (meters2) |
Segment Volume (meters3) |
Surface Area to Volume Ratio |
|
MPNTF |
12 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1,125 |
108,327 |
8,573,187 |
15,337,500 |
0.6 |
MPNOH |
15 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
3,360 |
109,059 |
8,660,891 |
35,390,000 |
0.2 |
PMKTF |
15 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1,652 |
264,699 |
16,229,024 |
28,630,000 |
0.6 |
PMKOH |
18 |
5 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
5,374 |
119,417 |
14,093,807 |
66,680,000 |
0.2 |
Source: Chesapeake Bay Program http://ww\ |
v.chesapeakebay.net/data |
Table VI-2. Recent summer averaged water quality conditions in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey tidal fresh (MPNTF and PMKTF, respectively) and oligohaline (MPNOH and PMKOH, respectively) segments for 2000-2002, dry to record dry summers. |
|||||||||
CBP Segment |
Water Water Column Column Depth Layer (meters) |
Salinity (PPO |
Temperature (°C) |
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration (mg liter1) |
Dissolved Oxygen Deficit (mg liter'1) |
Chlorophyll a Concentration (ug liter1) |
Total Suspended Solids Concentration (mg liter1) |
Total Total Nitrogen Phosphorus Concentration Concentration (mg liter1) (mg liter1) |
|
MPNTF |
S 0.7 |
0.0 |
27.3 |
5.6 |
2.4 |
5.9 |
10.3 |
0.61 |
0.079 |
MPNTF |
B 3.0 |
0.0 |
27.2 |
5.6 |
2.4 |
• |
12.3 |
0.61 |
0.080 |
MPNOH |
S 0.7 |
7.4 |
26.8 |
5.6 |
2.1 |
10.6 |
35.4 |
0.76 |
0.115 |
MPNOH |
B 14.3 |
8.4 |
26.5 |
5.0 |
2.7 |
100.6 |
0.94 |
0.174 |
|
PMKTF |
S 0.7 |
0.3 |
26.9 |
5.3 |
2.5 |
6.2 |
18.3 |
0.61 |
0.084 |
PMKTF |
B 6.1 |
0.3 |
26.8 |
5.5 |
2.6 |
31.0 |
0.68 |
0.107 |
|
PMKOH |
S 0.7 |
6.6 |
26.2 |
5.0 |
2.9 |
12.6 |
46.0 |
0.73 |
0.105 |
PMKOH |
B 5.2 |
7.0 |
26.2 |
4.9 |
3.0 |
139.9 |
1.11 |
0.220 |
S = surface B = bottom
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database, http: www.chesapeakebay.net data
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
70
MPNTF Surface
MPNTF Surface
^ *■ * $ * ^ 1: V* * *
: *
t
E
* S:
i ■ i 1 1 1 ■ ■ i ■ 'i 1 1 1 1 ■ r ■ i 1 1 1 ■ > i " i " i ' ■ i " . ' 1 1 ■ ■ i
85 8P 87 88 W 30 ‘.>1 '» W *. 96 9? S6 99 00 01 0/
- 0
U)
1 O
2 l* <=*■• to
It i °
II
Year
MPNTF Bottom
MPNTF Bottom
»8687S8 89 9O9196>*)M9S96 9?SeW00(»10i
Year
Year
PMKTF Surface
PMKTF Surface
»KI?«e89!»yl«9S»IS6«97ueMINI)1<b
Year
Year
PMKTF Bottom
PMKTF Bottom
Figure VI-1. Time series plots of ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations (mg liter1) and calculated dissolved oxygen saturation concentrations (mg liter1) and resultant calculated dissolved oxygen deficit (saturation concentration minus ambient concentration) in surface and bottom waters of the tidal fresh segments of the Mattaponi (MPNTF) and Pamunkey (PMKTF) rivers.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database, http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
71
DISSOLVED OXYGEN/TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIPS
Another natural feature of tidal systems strongly influenced by extensive adjacent tidal wetlands would be a strong relationship between the ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations (and dissolved oxygen deficit) and water temperature, useful for separating out the wetlands’ effect on dissolved oxygen versus an anthropogenic effect. Figure VI-2 shows dissolved oxygen concentration and dissolved oxygen deficit plotted versus water temperature for the tidal fresh and oligohaline segments of the Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers and for the tidal fresh and oligohaline segments of the Rappahannock and Patuxent rivers for comparison. All the plots illustrated in Figure VI-2 show dissolved oxygen concentrations going down as water temperature rises due to decreasing saturation concentrations and likely increased biological/chemical demand.
In the Rappahannock and Patuxent segments, however, dissolved oxygen concentra¬ tions begin to trend back upward (and the dissolved oxygen deficit levels out) as temperatures continue to increase. Presumably the generation of oxygen from plank¬ tonic algal photosynthesis at these increasing temperatures provides the beneficial boost during the daytime when these measurements were collected.
This trend effect in which dissolved oxygen concentrations increase as temperatures continue to increase is not evident in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments. Based on a comparison of the values in Table VI-2 and Appendix A, the difference in chlorophyll a concentrations in Rappahannock and Patuxent (higher concentrations) versus Mattaponi and Pamunkey river segments (lower concentrations) supports this hypothesis. These findings lend further evidence of the lack of a strong influence of planktonic algal photosynthesis on dissolved oxygen concentrations with the Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers.
LOW VARIABILITY IN DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS
One could also hypothesize that, within the temperature trend described above and illustrated in Figure VI-2, there should be less scatter in the data points in a system whose ‘stressor’ exerted its effect in a relatively constant manner, as the wetlands might. While this hypothesis may be true and is suggested in the plots provided in Figure VI-2, the differences among the segments in the number and diversity of stations contributing data points is confounding a clearer conclusion. Table VI-3, however, provides further quantitative information on dissolved oxygen concentra¬ tion variability in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments which does support that hypothesis.
Through the long-term Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program, Virginia has been collecting monthly or twice monthly dissolved oxygen measure¬ ments (surface and bottom) at fixed stations in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey tidal fresh and oligohaline segments since 1985. The data are collected in the daytime and each measurement represents one point in time in the month or two-week interval.
chapter v
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
72
MPNTF Surface
MPNOH Surface
Water Temperature
Water Temperature
PMKTF Surface
PMKOH Surface
Water Temperature
Water Temperature
RPPTF Surface
RPPOH Surface
Water Temperature
Water Temperature
PAXTF Surface
PAXOH Surface
Water Temperature
Water Temperature
Figure VI-2. Plots of measured ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations (•, mg liter1) and calculated dissolved oxygen deficit (o, mg liter1) versus water temperature (°C) in tidal fresh and oligohaline segments of the Mattaponi (MPNTF and MPNOH, respectively) and Pamunkey (PMKTF and PMKOH, respectively) rivers and in the tidal fresh and oligohaline segments of Rappahannock (RPPTF and RPPOH, respectively) and Patuxent (PAXTF and PAXOH, respectively) rivers for comparison.
Source: Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program database, http://www.chesapeakebay.net/data
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
73
In 2003, in-situ, continuous monitoring devices were deployed by the Virginia Insti¬ tute of Marine Science at a number of sites within both tidal rivers and all four salinity-based segments. These ‘buoys’ were deployed to collect data at time-scales more relevant to the Chesapeake Bay dissolved oxygen criteria, which have 7-day mean and instantaneous minimum as well as the 30-day mean averaging periods (U.S. EPA 2003a). These buoys collect dissolved oxygen concentration and other physical data continuously at 15-minute intervals.
For the comparisons in Table VI-3, the mean and other statistics of the long-term daytime Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program measurements were computed for each month over the 18-year record, separately for surface (water column depth = 1 meter) and bottom (where the water column depth was >1 meter) waters. The continuous buoy data were divided into day (6:00 AM-5:59 PM) and night (6:00 PM-5:59 AM) periods. All the buoys were deployed at the fixed depths listed in Table VI-3.
The low variability in dissolved oxygen concentrations measured in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments are documented by four separate measures: 1) the small within-month range of concentrations measured in the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program over the 18-year data record; 2) the small dissolved oxygen concentration differences between surface and deeper waters (long-term water quality monitoring program data station); 3) the good agreement between dissolved oxygen concentrations measured at the long-term water quality monitoring program stations and the continuous buoy sites; and 4) the small differences between day and night concentrations recorded in the continuous buoy data. Similar compar¬ isons are becoming possible in other Chesapeake Bay and tidal tributary segments with expanded implementation of shallow water and continuous buoy deployment monitoring programs. This expanding data record will be evaluated in the future to further confirm low-variability in dissolved oxygen concentrations are an important characteristic of segments where extensive tidal wetlands are directly influencing ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations.
APPROACHES FOR ADDRESSING NATURALLY LOW DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONDITIONS DUE TO TIDAL WETLANDS
Four approaches for addressing naturally low ambient dissolved oxygen concentra¬ tions due to adjacent extensive tidal wetlands within the context of state water quality standards were considered:
1. Define a completely new designated use with the appropriate dissolved oxygen criteria.
2. Develop a separate biological reference curve that would account for lower dissolved oxygen values in wetland-dominated tidal water segments.
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
74
m
o
O _C fN f „ QJ
Q; i_
_ TO T3 -o
£ += ™ >>
E <i*
—
2 c
03 3
2 I °- s.
03_
■i c
o * ?c
TO
■4— ' TO
55 5
Q-c £
i_ ^ c
(D C <U
to ^5 E >. y ^
TO Q3 - — . TO — >
a> 8 SJ
V/
LO
4-'
c
a;
E
03
U
0)
a.
LO
<u
U
3 T CO i
fN TO O
o ® y o
fN
E 2 c a-
LO a;
CO 03
2 ^to
0J°I -c -p O +-1 <& —?
c - D.
5 8 2
^ -T
TO^3 £ +-* 1/2 .= TO 3 —
■O o 2
D
C
_.E §3 <k p '— c o
“ 8 "o
r-
E 8^
Q; 3><
a ^
LP3 . 2
c
o
2 <u u
t C a) £r ’c_ Q-
03 to ^
u ^ ai C2 '-
2 llT
u Oh
c a;^
n ^
03 o g; >»+;
"O
° 2 c
T3 — TO
8-5 £
"5 - z
^ CDQ-
b > S
£
c
©
c
©
o
c
©
u
c
©
OXj
X
X
o
T©
©
©
c/5
C/2
± c
©V i- ©
a.
©
©
H©
©
-C = «- © ir, ©
©
a.
■o c •- o « ■- T3 S3
I £
t: O
c
CS
©
©
a.
cs
© ©
fi E
_©
c3
55
•^••^■vCccococo'OcO'O'OOt^or^sO'CC^t^tmTj-crit^--^--^- — — p'- ^ t-~; oc ref — ; o6o6^i^'d'cr'Vvdvdvdor^r^'dsO'dvdvd'6'dvd4'todocKh;vd'Ovdvdi^(s:
c
r»3 p»3 C — CO
cri crj o
ro ^ iri ifi O
n t/t C' x m — 0'C'(N(Nocr'^tif)V3-(NTO't't
\C'f3'/^^f^}:oO''i;'^f,4''^}'OvO>f3vSif3if^sd^d^dcd
(NO'-OrO-XXMTOO'X^t'tr, — ^ r<3 O' OC <N ' — X S' r' 't h- £ >C<C XOO rl fO O vi iri iri Tt ' cd so i V3 iri ^ </-> </"i -re- -re- <->3 r*3 1/3 </3 *3" rd r*3 <ri «/3 t}-" tJ- rd p*3 if3 ifi iP3 V3
r^xr'r'XX^.TOCf, toto r^f'XXMX — (nxx(N(N0;0;xx
m (N m i — o — ’• © © o ©
— O M fN P3 N 1 — <N' — ^r^-^r^U-i^rOr-fN — — ■ — fNfNXX'COf'iONfOfOn
r'r'vCvdfi'fir'r'Ndofiifiooffifi'fi^t'sd'd'fi'fi't'^vdoioifii/iifivdvdcdvc
cSrtrtcdrtrtrt.-
ooooQoaz
re ■— re .O' re rt re s3 « s3 s3._c3.=-
QZQZQQQCQQQZQZ
sS.r^rt S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3.— S3. S3
QZQQQQQQQZQZQ
r*~, |
r^t |
r^, |
’ * c*~, |
r^i |
• • m |
cn |
CT |
|
o |
o |
O1 |
o |
o |
O' |
o |
o |
o |
o |
O |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
Cn) |
<N |
rg |
r^4 |
<N |
rg |
rg |
rg |
rg |
o o |
o |
o |
sC rf Cf3 rf rj- O V3 |
C ‘T C — r, ’t r, rf r^, r^, c r, C |
o |
rr |
m |
|
— ' rr |
— ’ rg |
— * rr — ^ |
— — — — — — £ |
— 0 — — — — —' — — — o' — ' |
— o |
rg |
rg |
C |
>, |
•*— * © |
© |
c |
|||
"rt ^ |
o |
"i c* |
.= o O |
1 C |
C/2 © |
_o |
|
O' o £ |
5 tl |
rd C/2 |
O'g - |
c_ 3 >. 1/5 |
og g |
o |
© 4— » C/2 |
h • - o |
CJ |
h • - o |
-o >> |
ir • — O |
© |
>3 |
|
O r- ■ — •w ^ |
O |
«i C -C |
■o 2 |
o ^ .= |
4— > |
o |
|
d O ?j |
cd |
S3 O w |
3 L3 |
re o re |
jE |
© |
|
^ 2 55 |
CD |
£ 2 55 |
2 “ |
^ 2 55 |
CQ |
ro
I
>
_a 3 jd .TO
Cu
C£
u
c
a>
E
3X
«
C41
Ll_
H
Q_
2
I
C
Li.
f—
y;
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
PMKOH
75
r^«»o:nt(nhNNinoo«90 * <*
Cj Ej C) O _ O' 00 W »C O vC ^ ^ ^ ^
2 2 ^ f' 'C
-r O' 04 04 _ • • • • O'
"- •— h- X >/^
04 04 0 VO — O) <> ^ • ^- • • • r- r- 00 r- r- — 00
MXOOVTO't't^_.JJ - OOOO'd'C'OioilOTf
>0 0 _ _ _ O X X O'
cjcjXoqqoo«'qqcii4)^'- - 'irino'4- — o o o t, o . — . — . OC OC O' O' O sd »oi V") ■'I' •'t ro o~i _ — — _ XXOr'OO^t-Tt't^t
OX--XOOXXOXOOOOOOO'-MOO'0>COr">to,
o o — : — o' o’ o’ o’ o o o c c o o o — — — — — — o o o o o’ o'
''l ^ 9 . N N O O (O W X O 9 9 ^ ^ n O O X O X >o — X
ZQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQZQZQZQZQZQZQ
co
04
m |
CO |
m O |
CO |
m |
r^i |
o |
o |
c^> |
|||
<N |
<N |
(N |
<N |
<N |
c3
pO
i—
a
JO
<D
U-
sz
o
•—
a
ON o — O^O(NOOO(NO00O00ri(Nr!n^^v0^Ovq'0^»O^ — * — cri — •IT', — to — ■ I/O ’ — »/"! ’ — ^ — rtOOOOOOOOOOOOOO
>%
CO |
||
c |
||
a |
’C o |
C/5 |
•— <u |
-*— * E |
o |
cd |
o |
S |
£ |
2 |
CO |
>*
8 2
^ m
&o ti
1
o
u
2
Cu
co
o
—
a.
00
c
5
a
w
CO
<u
■y o
£ =
>
<D
M |
S I
§• M S 2 £
<-> 5
O ^ CJ ^
o
C/3
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
76
3. Determine a fixed or multivariate compensation factor to ‘adjust’ (upward) the observed dissolved oxygen concentration values. The adjusted values would be substituted for observed values in the criteria attainment assessment protocol used for all affected designated uses, i.e., comparing the cumulative frequency distri¬ bution curve of observed values to the biological reference curve.
4. Derive a set of site-specific dissolved oxygen criteria values that factor in the natural dissolved oxygen deficit.
The first approach — a completely new designated use — was rejected because the species and habitat requirements of those species that should be protected in these tidal wetland dominated segments are the same species that occupy other open-water designated use tidal water segments of similar salinity regimes. The assumption is that in these areas, the species’ dissolved oxygen requirements are the same but that they may modify their behavior, utilize the area differently or otherwise make accommodation for the natural effect of the tidal wetlands on ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations with some level of adverse effects.
The second approach — developing a separate biological reference curve — was rejected because the biological reference levels are, by definition, based on ambient dissolved oxygen conditions exhibited by areas supporting high functioning living resources. Even if this definition were abandoned in favor of a curve or curves based on specific natural impairments, then the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments would have to serve as their own reference sites since there are no other comparable segments within the Chesapeake Bay system. Taking this approach to deriving biological reference curves was difficult to rationalize.
The third approach — to find an appropriate adjustment factor for observed concen¬ trations — was rejected because of concerns that the criteria, not the attainment procedures, should directly reflect the natural dissolved oxygen deficits caused by extensive tidal wetlands.
The fourth option — derive a set of set specific dissolved oxygen criteria values — was recommended as the best approach to factor in the natural wetlands-caused dissolved oxygen deficit directly for the reasons and technical basis documented below.
DERIVATION OF SITE-SPECIFIC DISSOLVED OXYGEN CRITERIA FACTORING IN NATURAL WETLAND-CAUSED DISSOLVED OXYGEN DEFICITS
Through evaluation of three independent sources of information — scientific findings published in the peer reviewed literature, Chesapeake Bay water quality model simu¬ lations, and the long-term Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program data record — efforts were made to quantify the deficit in dissolved oxygen concentrations below oxygen saturation levels due to natural tidal wetland processes. Once quantified, the wetland-caused oxygen deficits could then be subtracted from
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
calculated oxygen saturation concentrations to determine the natural background oxygen levels that could be sustained within these wetland dominated tidal rivers absent any external anthropogenic nutrient pollutant loadings.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH-BASED ESTIMATES OF WETLAND RESPIRATION
As part of the analysis to examine dissolved oxygen criteria attainment in the various tidal wetland dominated segments, the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Model was calibrated to account for wetland oxygen demand by applying a universal sediment oxygen demand of 2 grams 02/meter2-day to all Chesapeake Bay tidal wetland areas. This value is a best professional judgement based on values published in the scien¬ tific literature and communication with Chesapeake Bay wetland scientists (Neubauer 2003). The scientific literature indicates wetland sediment oxygen demand in Northeastern United States ranges from 1 to 5.3 grams 02/meter2-day (Neubauer et al. 2000; Cai et al. 1999).
The value for sediment oxygen demand used in the previous 1998 Chesapeake Bay water quality model calibration (2 grams 02/meter2-day) was re-examined and deter¬ mined to be accurate for the Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers. Scott Neubauer of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (personal communication June 19, 2003) estimates the marsh sediment oxygen consumption for Sweet Hall marsh, a freshwater marsh in the Pamunkey River, to range between 0.99-2.59 grams 02/meter2-day. Neubauer’s estimated ranges further support the sediment oxygen demand of 2 grams 02/meter2-day that was used in the previous model calibration. Neubauer also concurred that the Mattaponi and Pamunkey systems are very similar (Neubauer 2003). Therefore, there was no need to recalibrate the sediment oxygen demand for either tidal tributary.
MODEL-BASED WETLAND-CAUSED OXYGEN DEFICITS
The impact of wetland oxygen demand on ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations was quantified for both the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments through application of the Chesapeake Bay water quality model. A series of water quality model scenarios ‘with wetlands’ and ‘without wetlands’ were run to estimate the difference in model-adjusted interpolated monthly averaged dissolved oxygen concentration in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments. In the ‘with wetlands’ scenario, the water quality model simulated the full influence of the extensive adjacent tidal wetlands on ambient water quality conditions. In the ‘without wetlands' scenario, the tidal wetland functions of the model were turned off in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey model cells in order to simulate ambient water quality conditions in the absence of any influence by tidal wetlands. The summer monthly averaged dissolved oxygen concentration difference simulated by the ‘with wetlands’ scenario minus the ‘without wetlands’ scenario was 3 mg liter”1, i.e., the open-water dissolved oxygen concentrations in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments with the presence of the
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
78
extensive tidal wetlands were simulated to be 3 mg liter 1 lower than model esti¬ mated dissolved oxygen saturated concentrations. The model estimated 3 mg liter"1 oxygen deficit is fully consistent with the average dissolved oxygen deficits observed in monitoring data collected in these segments (see text below, Tables VI- 2 and VI-3, Figure VI- 1 ).
MONITORING-BASED ESTIMATES OF WETLAND-CAUSED OXYGEN DEFICITS
The dissolved oxygen concentration and oxygen saturation levels were calculated from the 1985-2002 Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program data collected at stations in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments. Over the 18-year data record, these stations were sampled at least monthly — sometimes twice monthly — as part of the long-term water quality monitoring program. The almost two-decade data record covers years of varying climatic and hydrologic conditions in the water¬ shed. Continuous, high frequency dissolved oxygen concentration data were also available for these segments, as described previously, but in most cases the duration of the data records is less than one year. Based on findings presented above, dissolved oxygen conditions characterized by the data collected at long-term (day¬ time) monitoring stations were very similar to those revealed by the continuous dissolved oxygen recording devices: short-term temporal and spatial variations in dissolved oxygen concentrations were relatively small; and deep nocturnal dips in dissolved oxygen concentrations were not observed in these segments.
For this analysis, the long-term water quality monitoring data were partitioned into surface and bottom depths and into ‘cold’ (sampling events when water column temperatures were less than or equal to 15° C) and ‘warm’ (greater than 15° C) temperature categories. Table VI-4 shows: the calculated mean dissolved oxygen saturation concentration over the 18 year data record; the difference between calcu¬ lated oxygen saturation and actual observed dissolved oxygen concentrations, i.e., the dissolved oxygen deficit; the number and percent of dissolved oxygen measure¬ ments below the 5 mg liter 1 30-day mean criterion and below a 4 mg liter"1 concentration value; and the average magnitude of those episodic excursions below the 5 and 4 mg liter 1 values. Dissolved oxygen concentrations are always well above the 5 mg liter 1 30-day mean criterion in the cold months in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey river segments, so the cold month statistics are not discussed further.
As presented earlier and previewed in Table VI-2, the average dissolved oxygen deficit in the warm (>15° C) months was 2.6 +/- 0.8 mg liter”1 (Table VI-4). This long-term average monitoring data-based oxygen deficit value overlaps with the oxygen deficit of 3 mg liter"1 estimated through the Bay water quality model simu¬ lation of tidal dissolved oxygen concentrations with and without tidal wetlands.
The calculated dissolved oxygen saturation concentration in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments in the warm months was 8.5 +/- 0.7 mg liter"1. That means that, in the absence of any anthropogenic pollutant influences on water quality conditions,
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
79
T3 u_' C h- TO V
_!£ ^
O) O-
T3
C TO O LL_
’■*-> h- TO Z
<T3 33 1/1
. .c
i/> >/>
ft Sf
o t*- +-> — to TO
I- -0 -t-* ._
c +- ft >1
LJ QJ
c
O C <-> 3 C E
ft, TO 03 Q_ >.
X Ol O T3
> C
o
CL _ TO
^ x
C/5
\s>
03 <u
o -E
c i/i
c
c <H d;
o ’5 E
i_ 03 'c TO <L>
| ^ ^ 0, >> >|-C ft
4_* 4-> >
TO o 3
Ou
O)
1/3
U
0>
Q.
to
a>
-5 A X ^ — O _ >/> 3*c
>*_C «r-
TO ^ CQ C Q_
|1?
O) C
ft- E X
5 5 o
a> 5 z
-c _ Q. u
"O TO
a> a» 03U c
TOO ■ —
ai tC J5 TO VI O
>^JeT
-C 2 °
C 8 T3
O <D ft E -C TO ■*-> . Ctl i_
O O O *- r\i to
LTI
00
I +Z
a;
>
+->
u
a>
Cl
to
03 ai $
TO
I
>
_03
_Q
.TO
a>
sx ^
•o = ** 7
s- e£ - L
« «/
3 .2 t> *= •£
2 I/O M c/3 O © E
C/5 W'
C/5
I
a» tx
S®f •
4) "O C •-
«•* 41 «/
« / o “ o E
-9 =
e
4/
Si ^
>» e X
x o i
, a i
u ° r 3 •- /-
8-oO - ©
T3 m _ C5 -w
2 «
« -a £ S
> % 3 si
/ C c ^ E
c
41
SX
>> C LX
X o I
g ° •■= fe
55 _ 55 «*
© "O l_ pr 4/ 3 > 3 B£ ■r 55 c
® ^ s
© o 'Z> 0/ cs -C >
E t
3 2 x —
*
_x
55
0£
c
Q_ ©
ca E
CJ Si W 41
C/3
la 5/
« 3
E t >> _ 65
c J
u J
05
U
4) ja_ £■ = £ E ^ o
ocr^tc — x x O' — x o> c> c
000X000 — c>ooo —
oo oo oo o o o
iO n
----(N(N(N(N(N(N(Nfsi
oooooooo
X^t3OX^"1’X7'C't'C'0r,itX - - - - - - - - X X X OC OC X 00 oo’
oc
O' O'
^t- o
— 04 —
n —
vO o in to
vO tO 'J
T, 1^ C r',
LL.XXu.u_IXu.Xu.5tJ_U.XXu. [— OOHf— COh-Oh- OH h- OOH ^^zzy^zz^^zz^^zz
a.o_22o_o_22a.cu22a_Q_SS
W71«MCDCQfflffl««««fflfflC0CQ
oooocooo<^<<^^
ouooooou^>^>>>>>
1>
'ob
•o
5
CJJ
o
>
c
C3
•o
T3
o
CX)
o
c/5
o
iXj
o»
O'NfNr, rj-»nr, _
s
CD
c
>%
c§
o
a
o
C. r-
cc a>
^ >3
y _£H C -O
03
'-4- £*
f £
oo ^Xj « 2
•© c5 ©
C5 £“
cs: c * «
x
*©
>3
C3
.©
X
V
C-
X
cfl
a>
x
-o
c
CD
’SZ
O
E
v p u X
c£E S
i— ^
% -S
li II
C/D 02
3
J3
>3
X
00
©
x
V
CL
X
D
O
CD
chapter vi • Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
80
E
o
^ T3 on C C ft! O •_
TO O
£ s-
c TO oi V
U 03 §2 w <y
££ cd c >>•= X -C
o .©:
T3
a>
_>
o
i/>
on
C < D
£
CD
a>
IZI
TO nj Q) U
S.
loE
|pg
o. id y cdT 2
C ^ Q- o_£!
'E c ^
O O X
2 E O
^E E
— S
03 ^ w
d s »-
C
i- C —
^ TO TO
-2- o
^ U CD >n LJ~! 'q
00 VI "D
4* ' — ^
io 2
QJ O >n CL U -qJ
to a> >
d» -C +-J
U o Q.
■p ^ s
03 7 il
CD »- _
2 & £
<d — z
£ g»5
>E °-
r ID ■D
©3 _ c
C ^ TO o C E TO |_
fN ^ jE
O »o- «or
o o ^
7 £©
in n l?
oo £ £
03 H_
to
U +- C >n O CD
l_l -X
+o c
* xz
522
on
CD
U
c
a>
.Q
■
>
QJ
SI
,<T>
oo
x» s£
U O ~ 1
© ’•“ 6X ^ S r
I tl
c r> —
<u -
O U
C 0/
0/ .tz
cx
5 £
c T»-
2 i
2 2
•— = L
© © 5
c « —
2 l “
L O £
C/5
Cl -fi
o v
O o s u tS +* 1» cc —
> 5X
£U ^
0/ c 3 £ ,*
^ o V
© c
■— *n
o r:
-O >
s t 3 s *o
a. a*
co E
Cj cx
1/3
oo
E t
_ 3 >n
-£ «B < © _J
^ u
oo
i_
2
«0
l_
00 CL £■ 3 E £ £ o
tn (N o o o
— "t m
^r
©
m Tf
( — ■ r — •^r © © ©
©
© © © ©
x © r, >n — ■'t ©
'd'd^'O'noo^’CN
CO O' CO
oo r- © ©
of © © ©
— <N — <N — CO — © O' ©©vC©nCV3vC©\Cor
U_XIE[i.[j_X-i-iJLXu_j-[j_[i.
hOOh f— OOl-OhOhl —
o-'-c_©^r'^©©'o:
o. 0-
a. ©
© © ©©22
X X
O O 3^ Z Z ^ © ©
©
h-
© ©
C/3c/3coOC/3mmcOmi/3c/3c/3c/3COCQCOCO
oooooooo<<<<<^<<
oouoouuu>>>>>>>^
I
u
00
■o e S
u O “
« “ -X ^ « e
2 oo m C/3 Q g
00 |
10 s_ = oo
- ©
!— OX
5 £
c •« co e a/ 5
5/5 T
w e L
O © 0/
c
cc —
U ^
40 E
10 ^
© © IT,
O v
*- =
o o
00
©
s —
1_
00
ex
E
in
© IT,
O v
=
© o u ©
OO Cl
© >
s t
CS
u
c
00
E
tx
oo
C/3
B
E
00
II 5*
Q C.
g- = £ 2 h o
inmTfTfoom'trf
©OO©©©’©©
r~ © © 'n © ©
©©©o©©©'©
©©©©©©©© — — m M x n ri © c> © © o' © © © — ‘ con oo c«n in on — : -rf
mcNCN — (NCNcn —
<N©© — 00© —
(N Tf ^ in CN
X t~-
'f o © —
<n — r^<N — m — ©r^ ©©©©cn©©©^3"
u_
H
Li.XXu_u.XX[j.X[jL.X[x.u-XX
hOOhhOOhOhOhhOO
3^^ZZ^^ZZ^3^ZZ3^^ZZ
>na.22 ^ *“
Cl Cl
Q- Cl
cl Cl
c/3conc/3c/3CQCOmcQc/3c/3c/3c/3CQCQCQCQ
_j©_j_j_i_j_j_iQiciic£3a:a;Dc:DiDc:
OOOOOOOO^^^^
chapter vi • Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
S = surface B = bottom
^sniirre* Ohe^anpalrp Rav Water Onalitv Mnnitnrinn Prnnram HntoV>QCP httn’/Avutu/ r*ftPconpol'pKo\/ nAt/zloto
81
much of the time the fully saturated ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations would still above the 5 mg liter 1 30-day mean criterion level. However, from 13 to greater than 30 percent of the warm months’ monitoring-based observations fell below a monthly mean of 5 mg liter1 with the magnitudes of these exceedences up to 0.7 mg liter1. These observations indicate that the segments would likely fail a summer¬ time application of the 5 mg liter1 30-day mean criteria. Tested against a monthly mean concentration of 4 mg liter however, the percentage of observations falling below this concentration is less than 7 percent in most cases, and the magnitude of the exceedance is ~0.5 mg liter1 (Table VI-4).
The warm months calculated dissolved oxygen saturation concentration of 8.5 +/-0.7 mg liter1 directly translates into a dissolved oxygen concentration range of 7.8 to 10.2 mg liter-1. Similarly, the warm months average oxygen deficit of 2.6 +/-0.8 mg liter 1 converts into a oxygen deficit concentration range of 1.6 to 3.4 mg liter-1. Assuming a maximum long-term average oxygen deficit of 3.4 mg liter-1, we could anticipate an ambient dissolved oxygen range of 6.8 to 4.4 mg liter-1 upon factoring in the oxygen deficit to a saturated water column condition. These are the best dissolved oxygen conditions, assuming the maximum oxygen deficit, one could ever hope to measure in the absence of any anthropogenic nutrient pollutant loading influence on ambient dissolved oxygen conditions. Even without any human impacts, the 5 mg liter 1 30-day mean dissolved oxygen criterion would be not attained all times in the warm months of the year, setting up the basis for a site- specific criterion based on natural conditions preventing attainment of the use (U.S. EPA 2003b).
SITE-SPECIFIC DISSOLVED OXYGEN CRITERIA DERIVATION
Factoring a natural tidal wetlands-based oxygen deficit into the oxygen saturation levels, based on the 18-year data record (see above), along with recognition that the antropogenic pollutant loads can be reduced but not eliminated (U.S. EPA 2003b), a site specific 4 mg liter-1 30-day mean criterion is recommended in place of the published 5 mg liter-1 30-day mean and 4 mg liter 1 7-day mean open-water desig¬ nated use criteria. The EPA-published 3.2 mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum dissolved oxygen criterion still applies to these waters year round (U.S. EPA 2003a). The 4 mg liter 1 30-day mean site-specific criterion applies only to the tidal fresh and oligohaline segments of the Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers during the time period of June 1 through September 30. Outside of this time period, the EPA-published set of open- water designated use dissolved oxygen criteria apply (U.S. EPA 2003a). The water column temperatures during the October through May time-frame are such that higher levels of oxygen saturation are maintained and the biological processes driving the natural tidal wetland oxygen deficits do not have nearly the same level of influence on ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations.
This approach assumes that the nature of the wetland effect on dissolved oxygen is relatively constant within season and that there are no other major stresses on
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
82
dissolved oxygen in the system as documented previously. This results in relatively stable dissolved oxygen concentrations, which although sometimes below the 5 mg liter1 30-day mean criterion level due to natural oxygen deficits, remain substantially above the instantaneous minimum criterion. The magnitude of the wetland-caused oxygen deficit is not enough to cause the calculated oxygen saturated concentrations to fall below the 3.2 mg liter-1 instantaneous minimum. Therefore any future observed exceedences of this criterion value are likely due to anthropogenic nutrient pollutant loadings, not natural wetland-caused oxygen deficits.
At attainment levels sustained for long periods of time just above the 4 mg liter-1 criterion concentration (e.g., very few observed concentrations above 4 mg liter-1), survival of open-water aquatic species in their larval, juvenile and adult lifestages will not be impaired but there is likely to be some unquantified level of growth- related impairments. However, the 18-year data record indicates a maximum of less than one-third of the segment-based dissolved oxygen concentrations would not attain a 5 mg liter-1 concentration (Table VI-4). Therefore, combined with imple¬ mentation of further nutrient reduction actions in the upstream watersheds yielding higher measured ambient dissolved oxygen concentrations in the future, the number of exceedences of the 5 mg liter-1 concentration will be even less, further limiting growth effects.
With a 30-day mean criterion of 4 mg liter-1, these segments are likely to pass or come close to passing a formal criteria assessment under current conditions. Given that some fraction of oxygen depletion in these segments is definitely caused by controllable nutrient inputs, tributary-based nutrient reduction strategies should be more than adequate to raise ambient oxygen levels above the 4 mg liter-1 concentration.
SITE-SPECIFIC CRITERIA BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE CURVE
The criteria assessment protocol for all segments and designated uses employs moni¬ toring data to develop cumulative frequency distribution (CFD) curves of exceedance, which are compared to biological reference curves specific to desig¬ nated uses, salinity regimes, and seasons. Monitoring data are interpolated over a fixed three-dimensional grid to obtain dissolved oxygen concentrations for each grid cell. These are compared to appropriate criteria values and yield a grid-cell by grid¬ cell estimate of the volume or area of criteria exceedance. The percentages of a segment’s volume/area exceeding the criteria levels are accumulated over all obser¬ vation dates in the assessment period. The CFD generated from these data reflect exceedance (and by difference, attainment) in both space and time. (See Chapter 6 of Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oyxgen, Water Clarity and Chloro¬ phyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries (U.S. EPA 2003a) for more details on the criteria attainment assessment protocol.) The biological reference curve is the CFD of exceedances in segments or other areas that are determined to
chapter Vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
83
be ‘healthy,’ i.e., that demonstrably support growth and reproduction of the living resources targeted for protection by these criteria.
The biological reference levels are, by definition, based on ambient dissolved oxygen conditions exhibited by areas supporting high functioning living resources. Even if this definition were abandoned in favor of a curve or curves based on specific natural impairments, then the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments would have to serve as their own reference sites, which is difficult to rationalize. In the absence of sufficient data necessary to generate a biological reference curve, EPA recommends application of a normal distribution curve representing approximately 10 percent allowable criteria exceedence (U.S. EPA 2003a).
LITERATURE CITED
Anderson, I. C., C. R. Tobias, B. B. Neikirk and R. L. Wetzel. 1997. Development of a process-based mass balance model for a Virginia Spartina alterniflora salt marsh: Implica¬ tions for net DIN flux. Marine Ecology Progress Series 159:13-27.
Cai, W. J., L. R. Pomeroy, M. A. Moran and Y. Wang. 1999. Oxygen and carbon dioxide mass balance for the estuarine-intertidal marsh complex of five rivers in the southeastern U.S. Limnology' and Oceanography 44:639-649.
Neubauer, S. C., I. C. Anderson, J. A. Constantine and S. A. Kuehl. 2001. Sediment deposi¬ tion and accretion in a mid- Atlantic (U.S. A.) tidal freshwater marsh. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science. 54:713-727.
Neubauer, S. C., W. D. Miller and I. C. Anderson. 2000. Atmospheric C02 evasion, dissolved inorganic carbon production and net heterotrophy in the York River estuary. Limnology and Oceanography. 45:1701-1717.
Neubauer, Scott. June 6, 2003 and June 19, 2003. Personal communication. Smithsonian Institute Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland.
Tobias, C.R., EC. Anderson, E.A. Canuel, and S.A. Mako. 2001. Nutrient cycling through a fringing marsh — aquifer ecotone. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 210:25-39.
U.S. EPA. 2003a. Ambient Water Quality' for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity / and Chloro¬ phyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. EPA. 2003b. Technical Support Documentation for Identification of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainability'. EPA 903-R-03-004. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
chapter vi
Guidance for Deriving Site Specific Dissolved Oxygen Criteria
85
chapter VII
Upper and Lower Pycnocline Boundary Delineation Methodology
Vertical stratification is foremost among the physical factors affecting dissolved oxygen concentrations in some parts of Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries. If the density discontinuity is great enough to prevent mixing of the layers and consti¬ tutes a vertical barrier to diffusion of dissolved oxygen, then a pycnocline is said to exist (Figure VII- 1). For the purposes of water quality criteria attainment assessment, the Chesapeake Bay and tidal tributary waters are separated into a surface mixed layer (e.g., open-water designated use), an inter-pycnocline layer (e.g., deep-water designated use) and a lower mixed layer (e.g., deep-channel designated use) (U.S. EPA 2003a, 2003b).
Accurate estimates of the pycnocline are important for assessing criteria attainment. The method documented here for assessing upper and lower mixed layer depths differs from the standard Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program field sampling cruise method (Chesapeake Bay Program 1996) in that this methodology uses a measured density gradient based on salinity and temperature rather than relying on the field surrogate, conductivity.
Defining the depth of the upper mixed layer based on the physical barrier of a density gradient is discussed in Brainerd and Gregg 1995. Culver and Perry (1999) and Larsson et al. (2001 ) propose particular density gradient thresholds for defining this layer. The critical density gradient is dependent on many factors, most importantly the strength of the turbulent mixing. Generally, for the Chesapeake Bay the upper pycnocline depth, defining the surface mixed layer, is the shallowest occurrence of a density gradient of 0. 1 kg/m4 or greater. The lower mixed layer depth is the deepest occurrence of a density gradient of 0.2 kg/m4, if a lower mixed layer exists below it. These limits were based on an extensive review of thousands of density profiles throughout the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries throughout 19-year record of the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program. These density gradient thresholds are consistent with the values published for other tidal water bodies and with similar studies in the Chesapeake Bay (Fisher 2003). Since pycnocline delin-
chapter vii
Upper and Lower Pycnocline Boundary Delineation Methodology
86
eation is based on hydrodynamics and not bathymetry, the depth of the pycnocline and hence the boundaries of the designated uses changes on a monthly basis.
DETERMINATION OF THE VERTICAL DENSITY PROFILE
The vertical water column density profile (sigma-t) is calculated using the following equations:
Sigma_t = tsum+((sigo+0.1324)*( l-sa+sb*(sigo -0.1324)))
Where:
tempc = water temperature in degrees Celsius salinity = salinity in grams per liter
sigo = -0.069+(( 1 .47808*((salinity - 0.03)/1.805))(0.00157*
(((salinityBO. 03 )/l. 805 )**2))+0. 0000398*
(((salinityB0.03)/l .805)**3)));
tsum = (-l*(((tempc - 3.98)**2)/503.57))* ((tempc+283)/(tempc+67.26));
sa = ( 10**-3)*tempc)*(4.7867 - (0.098 185*tempc)+(0. 0010843* (tempc**2))),
and
sb = (( 10**-6)*tempc)*( 18.030-(0.8164*tempc)+(0.01667*(tempc**2))).
DETERMINATION OF THE PYCNOCLINE DEPTHS
To determine the depths of the pycnocline, the following rules are applied to the
density profile:
1) From the water surface downward, the first density slope observation that is greater than 0.1 kgnr4 is designated as the upper pycnocline depth provided that:
a) that observation is not the first observation in the water column; and
b) the next density slope observation below is positive.
2) From the bottom sediment-water interface upward, the first density slope obser¬ vation that is greater than 0.2 kg nr4 is designated as the lower pycnocline depth provided that:
a) an upper pycnocline depth exists;
b) there is a bottom mixed layer, defined by the first or second density slope observation from the bottom sediment-water interface being less than 0.2 kg m'4; and
c) the next density slope observation above is positive.
chapter vii
Upper and Lower Pycnocline Boundary Delineation Methodology
87
Figure VIM. Example of a vertical density profile with calculated pycnocline boundaries and observed dissolved oxygen concentrations with depth. Monitored water column density and observed dissolved oxygen concentrations with depth are illustrated with the upper (dashed line) and lower (dotted line) pycnocline depths overlaid for station CB4.3 in the middle Chesapeake Bay mainstem on June 10, 1986.
LITERATURE CITED
Brainerd, K. E. and M. C. Gregg. 1995. Surfaced mixed and mixing layer depths. Deep-Sea Research 42: 1521-1543
Chesapeake Bay Program. 1996. Recommended Guidelines for Sampling and Analyses in the Chesapeake Bay Monitoring Program. EPA 903-R-96-006. CBP/TRS 148/96. Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
Culver, M. E. and M. J. Perry. 1999. The response of photosynthetic absorption coefficients to irradiance in culture and in tidally mixed estuarine waters. Limnology > and Oceanography 44: 24-36.
Fisher, Tom. 2003. Personal communication/unpublished manuscript. University of Mary¬ land Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point Laboratory, Cambridge, Maryland.
Larsson, U., S. Hajdu, J. Waive, and R. Elmgren. 2001. Baltic Sea nitrogen fixation estimated from the summer increase in upper mixed layer total nitrogen. Limnology ; and Oceanography 46: 811-820.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003a. Ambient Water Quality ; Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity’ and Chlorophyll a far the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office. Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003b. Technical Support Document for Identifica¬ tion of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainability. EPA 903-R-03-004. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
chapter vii
Upper and Lower Pycnocline Boundary Delineation Methodology
89
chapter \/BIi
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration
Goal Acreages
With publication of the Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries (Regional Criteria Guidance) (U.S. EPA 2003a) and the Technical Support Docu¬ ment for Identification of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainability- (Technical Support Document) (U.S. EPA 2003b), the jurisdictions were provided with extensive guidance for how to determine attainment of the shallow-water bay grass designated use.
Specifically, the EPA Regional Criteria Guidance document provided the following guidance to the jurisdictions:
To determine the return of water clarity conditions necessary to support restoration of underwater grasses and, therefore, attainment of the shallow- water designated use, states may: 1) evaluate the number of acres of underwater bay grasses present in each respective Chesapeake Bay Program segment, comparing that acreage with the segment’s bay grass restoration goal acreage; and/or 2) determine the attainment of the water clarity criteria within the area designated for shallow-water bay grass use. The shallow- water bay grass use designated use area may be defined by either:
1) applying the appropriate water clarity criteria application depth (i.e., 0.5,
1 or 2 meters) along the entire length of the segment's shoreline (with excep¬ tion of those shoreline areas determined to be bay grass no-zone grow zones; see U.S. EPA 2003 [Technical Support Document ] for details); or
2) determining the necessary total acreage of shallow-water habitat within which the water clarity criteria must be met using a salinity regime specific ratio of underwater bay grass acres to be restored within a segment to acres of shallow-water habitat that must meet the water clarity criteria within the same segment (regardless of specifically where and at what exact depth those shallow water habitat acreages reside within the segment).
chapter vii
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages
90
These approaches to assessing attainment of the shallow-water bay grass designated use were described in more detail in Chapter 6 of the Regional Criteria Guidance document (U.S. EPA 2003a). Since the 2003 publication of both the Regional Criteria Guidance and the Technical Support Document , new information has become available to the watershed jurisdictions and EPA in support of state adoption of SAV restoration goal, shallow water habitat and shallow-water existing use acreages into their water quality standards regulations. This new information will also help the four jurisdictions with Chesapeake Bay tidal waters adopt consistent, specific procedures for determining attainment of the shallow-water bay grass desig¬ nated uses into their regulations. (Note the terms ‘underwater bay grasses’ and ‘submerged aquatic vegetation’ or ‘SAV’ are used interchangeably in this document.)
EPA continues to support and encourage the jurisdictions’ adoption of the Chesapeake Bay Program segment-specific submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) restoration goal acreages and the corresponding water clarity criteria attaining shallow-water acreage necessary to support restoration of those acreages of SAV into each jurisdictions’ respective water quality standards regulations. Achievement of the SAV restoration goal and shallow-water acreages are two additional means, beyond numerical water clarity criteria applied to segment-specific application depths, for defining attainment of the shallow-water bay grass designated use.
WATER CLARITY CRITERIA APPLICATION PERIODS
The temporal application periods for the water clarity criteria were determined based on the growing seasons for the salinity-based SAV plant communities: April 1 through October 31 for tidal fresh, oligohaline and mesohaline salinity regimes and March 1 through May 31 and September 1 through November 30 for polyhaline regimes (U.S. EPA 2003a; Batiuk et al. 1992, 2000). The tidal fresh, oligohaline and mesohaline salinity regimes application period was based on the combined growing seasons for tidal fresh to middle salinity SAV species communities. The polyhaline temporal application periods were based on the bimodal Zoster a marina or eelgrass growing seasons (Batiuk et al. 1992).
Given that Ruppia maritima or widgeon grass, principally a mesohaline species, has been found growing along with eelgrass in a majority of the polyhaline regions of the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries in Virginia waters (Moore et al. 2000), the water clarity criteria temporal application period for polyhaline waters should be an inclusive combination of the mesohaline and polyhaline temporal application periods or March 1 through November 30. This expanded temporal application period should apply to polyhaline Chesapeake Bay Program segments where there is evidence of past or present widgeon grass growth or the potential for future growth.
chapter vii
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages
91
SHALLOW-WATER HABITAT ACREAGES
New information on shallow-water habitat acreages has been published in the Tech¬ nical Support Document for Identification of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainabilit)'-2004 Addendum (U.S. EPA 2004). These updated shallow-water habitat acreages factor in the full extent of the 0 to 2 meter depth contour area of shallow water habitat, minus the delineated SAV no-grow zones. Through compar¬ ison with the expanded restoration acreages, described below, new segment-specific expanded restoration acreages as a percentage of the shallow-water habitat acreages have also been published in the Technical Support Document 2004 Addendum.
SAV RESTORATION ACREAGE TO SHALLOW-WATER HABITAT ACREAGE RATIO
There is scientific documentation originally published in both the Ambient Water Quality - Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its Tidal Tributaries (U.S. EPA 2003a) and the Technical Support Document for Identification of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainability (U.S. EPA 2003b) supporting the findings that suitable shallow-water habitat must be at acreages greater than the corresponding SAV restoration goal to support restoration of SAV to those acreages.
Text on page 198 in the Regional Criteria Guidance states:
Restoring underwater water grasses within a segment requires that the particular shallow-water habitat meet the Chesapeake Bay water clarity criteria across acreages much greater than those actually covered by bay grasses. The ratio of underwater bay grass acreage to the required shallow- water habitat acreage achieving the necessary level of water clarity to support return of those underwater bay grasses varies based upon the different species of bay grasses inhabiting the Chesapeake Bay’s four salinity regimes. The baywide average ratio of underwater bay grass acreage to suitable shallow-water habitat acreage is approximately one acre of underwater bay grasses for every three acres of shallow-water habitat achieving the Chesapeake Bay water clarity criteria.
The salinity regime and, therefore, bay grass community-specific under¬ water bay grass acreage to shallow-water habitat acreage ratios have been derived through an evaluation of extensive underwater bay grass distribution data within tidal-fresh, low (oligohaline), medium (mesohaline) and high (polyhaline) salinity regimes (reflecting different levels of coverage by different bay grass communities). The Technical Support Document for the Identification of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainability docu¬ ments the methodology followed and the resulting bay grasses acreage to shallow water habitat acreage ratios derived for each of the four salinity regimes (U.S. EPA 2003).
chapter vii
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages
92
Text on page 123 in the Technical Support Document states:
As described previously, the restoration of underwater bay grasses within a segment requires that shallow-water habitat meet the Chesapeake Bay water clarity criteria over a greater acreage than the underwater bay grasses will actually cover. The ratio of underwater bay grass acreage to the required shallow-water habitat acreage varies based on the different species of under¬ water bay grasses that inhabit the Bay’s four salinity regimes. Shallow-water habitat acreage ratios have been derived scientifically through evaluation of extensive underwater bay grasses distribution data within tidal fresh, low, medium and high salinity regimes (reflecting different levels of coverage by different underwater bay grass communities).
The Chesapeake Bay Program segment-specific restoration goal acreage and corresponding shallow-water designated use acreage (to the previously determined maximum depth of abundant and persistent underwater plant growth) listed in Table IV- 15 were summed by major salinity regimeBtidal fresh (0-0.5 ppt), oligohaline (> 0.5-5 ppt), mesohaline (> 5ppt— 1 8 ppt) and polyhaline (>18 ppt). The underwater bay grasses acreage to shallow-water habitat acreage ratios were then expressed as a percentage of the total shallow-water designated use habitat. Compared with a baywide value of 38 percent, the tidal-fresh (37 percent), mesohaline (39 percent) and polyhaline (41 percent) values were all very close to the baywide value as well as the other salinity regime-specific values (Table IV- 16). These values are consis¬ tent with findings published in the scientific literature and the 35 to 48 percent range derived from evaluation of the 1930s through early 1970s historical data record by Naylor (2002) and Moore (1999, 2001). Influenced by the natural presence of the estuarine turbidity maximum, the value was 21 percent in oligohaline habitats.
The scientific literature along with analysis of the multi-decadal SAV aerial survey data record confirm that healthy SAV beds cover only a portion of the available suit¬ able habitat due to a variety of natural reasons. Given that the information summarized above and further documented in the Technical Support Document-2004 Addendum indicates ratios from 1 :2 to 1 :3 in terms of the area covered by SAV beds compared to available shallow-water habitat area, a 1:2.5 ratio is recommended for determining the segment-specific acreage of shallow-water habitat that needs to achieve the applicable water clarity criteria required to support restoration of the segment specific SAV goal acreage.
SAV RESTORATION GOAL ACREAGES
The adopted Chesapeake Bay Program SAV restoration goal acreages were based on single best year coverages artificially clipped for shoreline and segment-specific water clarity criteria application depths, undercounting the actual mapped SAV acreages. In some segments, this resulted in the existing use acreages being higher than the restoration goal acreage. The chosen solution, described in more detail in
chapter vii
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages
93
the Technical Support Document-2004 Addendum , was to count all of the SAV acreage for a given segment that occurred within the single best year regardless of any shoreline, bathymetry data limitations or water clarity application depth restric¬ tions.
The Technical Support Document-2004 Addendum documents the ‘expanded restoration acreage’, updated existing use acreage and the available shallow-water habitat area for each Chesapeake Bay Program segment (U.S. EPA 2004). As described in the addendum:
The ‘expanded restoration acreage’ is the greatest acreage from among the updated existing use acreage (1978-2002; no shoreline clipping), the Chesa¬ peake Bay Program adopted SAV restoration goal acreage (strictly adhering to adopted single best year methodology with clipping) and the goal acreage displayed without shoreline or application depth clipping and including SAV from areas still lacking bathymetry data. This ‘expanded restoration acreage’ is being documented here and provided to the partners as the best acreage values that can be directly compared with SAV acreages reported through the baywide SAV aerial survey. These acreages are not the officially adopted goals of the watershed partners; they are for consideration by the jurisdictions when adopting refined and new water quality standards regulations.
The Chesapeake Bay Program SAV restoration goal of 185,000 acres and the segment-specific goal acreages stand as the watershed partners’ cooperative restora¬ tion goal for this critical living resource community (Chesapeake Executive Council 2003). EPA recommends that the jurisdictions with Chesapeake Bay tidal waters consider adopting the expanded restoration acreages (which factor in the updated existing use acreages) and shallow-water habitat acreages determined using the 1 :2.5 ratio into their refined and new water quality standards regulations.
DETERMINING ATTAINMENT OF THE SHALLOW-WATER BAY GRASS USE
In addition to the methods previously described in the Technical Support Document (U.S. EPA 2003b) for determining attainment of the shallow-water bay grass desig¬ nated use, there is an additional methodology which integrates both progress towards to the SAV restoration goal acreage and measurement of suitable shallow water habitat acreage necessary to support restoration of the remaining SAV beds needed to reach the goal acreage. This methodology calls for assessing attainment of the shallow-water designated use in a segment through a combination of mapped SAV acreage and meeting the applicable water clarity criteria in an additional, unvege¬ tated shallow water surface area equal to 2.5 times the remaining SAV acreage necessary to meet the segment’s restoration goal (SAV restoration goal acreage minus the mapped SAV acreage). In other words, a segment’s shallow-water bay grass designated use would be considered in attainment if there are sufficient acres
chapter vii
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages
94
of shallow-water habitat meeting the applicable water clarity criteria to support restoration of the remaining acres of SAV, beyond the SAV beds already mapped, necessary to reach that segment’s SAV restoration goal acreage. These measure¬ ments of SAV acreages and water clarity levels would be drawn from three years of data as previously described in the Regional Criteria Guidance (U.S. EPA 2003a).
Here’s a hypothetical example of determining attainment of the shallow-water bay grass use using both mapped SAV acreage and shallow-water habitat acreage meeting the water clarity criteria. Segment X has an SAV restoration goal acreage of 1,400 acres. Over the past three years, SAV beds totaling 1,100 acres have been mapped within the segment for at least one of the three years. Therefore, the remaining SAV acreage necessary to meet the segment’s restoration goal is 1,400 acres (SAV restoration goal) minus 1,100 acres (SAV currently mapped) or 300 acres. Beyond the currently vegetated shallow-water habitat, an additional 750 acres of shallow-water habitat (2.5 times 300 acres) would need to attain the water clarity criteria in order to determine that this segment is attaining the shallow-water bay grass use in combination with the 1,100 acres of mapped SAV.
LITERATURE CITED
Batiuk, R. A., P. Bergstrom, M. Kemp. E. Koch, L. Murray, J. C. Stevenson, R. Bartleson, V. Carter, N. B. Rybicki, J. M. Landwehr, C. Gallegos, L. Karrh, M. Naylor, D. Wilcox, K. A. Moore, S. Ailstock and M. Teichberg. 2000. Chesapeake Bay Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Water Quality and Habitat-Based Requirements and Restoration Targets: A Second Technical Synthesis. CBP/TRS 245/00 EPA 903-R-00-014. U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, Maryland.
Batiuk. R. A., R. Orth, K. Moore, J. C. Stevenson. W. Dennison. L. Staver, V. Carter, N. B. Rybicki, R. Hickman, S. Kollar and S. Bieber. 1992. Chesapeake Bay Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Habitat Requirements and Restoration Targets: A Technical Synthesis. CBP/TRS 83/92. U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, Maryland.
Chesapeake Executive Council. 2003. Chesapeake Executive Council Directive No. 02-03: Meeting the Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals. Annapolis, Maryland.
Moore, K„ D. Wilcox, R. Orth and E. Bailey. 1999. Analysis of historical distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the James River. Special Report No. 355 in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, School of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia.
Moore, K. A., D.J. Wilcox and R. J. Orth. 2000. Analysis of the abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation communities in the Chesapeake Bay. Estuaries 23 ( 1 ): 1 15-127.
Moore, K., D. Wilcox and B. Anderson. 2001. Analysis of historical distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the York and Rappahannock rivers as evidence of historical water quality conditions. Special Report No. 375 in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, School of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia.
chapter vii
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages
Naylor, M.D. 2002. Historic distribution of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in Chesa¬ peake Bay, Maryland. Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003a. Ambient [Voter Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity ; and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003b. Technical Support Document for Identifica¬ tion of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainability. EPA 903-R-03-004. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2004. Technical Support Document for Identification of Chesapeake Bay Designated Uses and Attainability-2004 Addendum. EPA 903-R-04-006. Region 111 Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
chapter vii
Updated Guidance for Application of Water Clarity Criteria and SAV Restoration Goal Acreages
97
cha pter IX
Determining Where Numerical Chlorophyll a Criteria Should Apply to Local Chesapeake Bay and Tidal Tributary Waters
As published in Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries (U.S. EPA 2003):
The EPA expects states to adopt narrative chlorophyll a criteria into their water quality standards for all Chesapeake Bay and tidal tributary waters.
The EPA strongly encourages states to develop and adopt site-specific numerical chlorophyll a criteria for tidal waters where algal-related impair¬ ments are expected to persist even after the Chesapeake Bay dissolved oxygen and water clarity criteria have been attained.
The Chesapeake Bay Program partners developed a general methodology for possible use by the jurisdictions with tidal waters to determine consistently which local tidal waters will likely attain the published Chesapeake Bay dissolved oxygen and water clarity criteria yet algal-related water quality impairments will persist. The methodology is for application by Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and the District of Columbia to assist in their future determinations of where they need to derive and apply numerical chlorophyll a criteria for localized tidal waters.
RECOMMENDED METHODOLOGY
The jurisdictions should evaluate the available Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Moni¬ toring Program’s time series of spring and summer chlorophyll a concentrations on a station by station, segment by segment basis and compare these concentrations to a range of season and salinity regime-based target chlorophyll a concentrations. Target concentrations, examples given in Table IX- 1, should be derived from published chlorophyll a concentrations associated with an array of water quality and biological community effects and impairments. The jurisdictions should then iden¬ tify those stations/segments that are persistently higher than the applicable target chlorophyll a concentrations with the individual jurisdictions developing their own
chapter ix
Determining Where Numerical Chlorophyll a Criteria Should Apply
98
Table IX-1 . Example numerical chlorophyll a thresholds (p g liter1) drawn from Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen, Water Clarity and Chlorophyll a for Chesapeake Bay and its Tidal Tributaries' reflective of an array of historical concentrations, ecosystem trophic status, potential harmful algal blooms, water quality impairments, user perceptions and state water quality standards.
Chlorophyll a Concentration Thresholds (pg liter'1) |
|||||||
Salinity Regime |
Historical Chesapeake Bay Levels 2J |
Ecosystem Trophic Status |
Phytoplankton Reference Communities6 |
Potentially Harmful Algal Blooms7 |
Water Quality Impairments8 |
User Perceptions |
State Water Quality Standards" |
Tidal Fresh |
Spring: 4 Summer: 7 Mainstem (annual): 3 |
2-1 54 |
Spring: 4.3 Summer: 8.6 |
Microcystis aeruginosa: 15 |
Water Clarity: 9-16 Dissolved Oxygen: 4-5 ~ |
Vermont Lakes: < 159 Minnesota Lakes: < 1 51" |
AL: 16-27 (res.) CN: 2-15 (meso.) GA: 5-20 (lakes) NC: 15(lakes, res.) |
Oligohaline |
Spring: 6 Summer: 8 Mainstem (annual): 3 |
Spring: 9.6 Summer: 6.0 |
Microcystis aeruginosa: 15 |
Water Clarity 9-16 Dissolved Oxygen: 7-12 |
NC: 40 (tidal) |
||
Mesohaline |
Spring: 6 Summer: 8 Mainstem (annual): 4 |
Spring: 5.6 Summer: 7.1 |
Prorocentrum minimum: 5 |
Water Clarity: <8 Dissolved Oxygen: 5-6 |
NC: 40 (tidal) |
||
Polyhaline |
Spring: 4 Summer: 4 Mainstem (annual): 1 |
2-7 5 |
Spring: 2.9 Summer: 4.4 |
Prorocentrum minimum: 5 |
Water Clarity: <8 Dissolved Oxygen: 4-5 |
NC: 40 (tidal) HW: 2; 5 <10%; 10 <2% |
Sources: 1. U.S. EPA 2003; 2. Olson 2002; 3. Harding and Perry 1997; 4. Wetzel 2001, Ryding and Rast 1989, Smith et al. 1998, Novotny and Olem 1994; 5. Smith. 1998, Molvaer 1997; 6. U.S. EPA 2003; 7. U.S. EPA 2003; 8. U.S. EPA 2003; 9. Smeltzer and Heiskary 1 990; 1 0.Heiskary and Walker 1 988; 1 1 . U.S. EPA 2003.
decision rules for defining “persistently higher”. The jurisdictions should finally evaluate the degree of non-attainment of the dissolved oxygen and/or water clarity criteria within surrounding or “downstream” tidal waters. If these waters are in attainment of the dissolved oxygen and water clarity criteria, yet are persistently higher than the applicable target chlorophyll a concentrations, then these waters should be targeted for adoption of numerical chlorophyll a criteria.
The jurisdictions should also evaluate results from Chesapeake Bay water quality model-simulated water quality conditions with achievement of the assigned nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment cap load allocations. The jurisdictions would then identify those Chesapeake Bay Program segments where the model simulated surface chlorophyll a concentrations are above a range of season and salinity regime- based target concentrations. The jurisdictions are encouraged to factor in findings from state-generated local TMDL modeling in the smaller tidal tributaries and embayments (e.g., Nanticoke River in Delaware, Anacostia River in the District of Columbia and several tidal tributaries in Maryland) as an additional source of
chapter ix
Determining Where Numerical Chlorophyll a Criteria Should Apply
99
information on anticipated chlorophyll a concentrations upon attainment of the dissolved oxygen and/or water clarity criteria. Given that these model-simulated results reflect tidal water quality conditions estimated to attain the dissolved oxygen criteria4, these segments should be targeted for adoption of numerical chlorophyll a. The jurisdictions should note that management-applicable Chesapeake Bay water quality model results are not available for all 78 Chesapeake Bay Program segments (Linker et al. 2002).
LITERATURE CITED
Harding, L. W. Jr. and E. S. Perry. 1997. Long-term increase of phytoplankton biomass in Chesapeake Bay, 1950-1994. Marine Ecology > Progress Series 157:3952.
Heiskary, S. A. and W. W. Walker. 1988. Developing phosphorus criteria for Minnesota lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management 4: 1-10.
Linker, L.C., G. W. Shenk, P. Wang, C. F. Cerco, A. J. Butt, P. J. Tango and R. W. Savidge. 2002. A Comparison of Chesapeake Bay Estuary Model Calibration With 1985-1994 Observed Data and Method of Application to Water Quality’ Criteria. Modeling Subcom¬ mittee, Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
Molvaer, J., J. Knutzen, J. Magnusson, B. Rygg, J. Skei and J. Sorensen. 1997. Environ¬ mental quality classification in fjords and coastal areas. Statens Forurensningstilsyn TA1467, Norway. 36 pp.
Novotny V. and Olem H. 1994. Water Quality’: Prevention. Identification and Management of Diffuse Pollution. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York, New York. 1054pp.
Olson, M. 2002. Benchmarks for nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll and suspended solids in Chesapeake Bay. Chesapeake Bay Program Technical Report Series, Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, Maryland.
Ryding, S. O. and W. Rast. 1989. The control of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs. Man and the Biosphere Series, Volume /, UNESCO, Parthenon Publication Group, Park Ridge, New Jersey. 314 pp.
Smeltzer, E. and S. A. Heiskary. 1990. Analysis and Applications of Lake User Surv ey Data. Lake and Reservoir Management 6( 1 ): 1 09- 1 1 8.
Smith, V. H. 1998. Cultural eutrophication of inland, estuarine and coastal waters. In: Pace, M. L. and P. M. Groffman (eds.). Successes, Limitation and Frontiers in Ecosystem Science. Springer- Verlag, New York, New York. Pp. 7-49.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. Ambient Water Quality’ Criteria for Dissolved O.xvgen, Water Clarity’ and Chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. EPA 903-R-03-002. Region III Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Maryland.
Wetzel, R. G. 2001. Limnology’— Lake and River Ecosystems, 3rd Edition. Academic Press, New York, New York.
4The applicable water clarity may not be attained within the model simulated output given suspended sediment contributions to reduced water clarity conditions independent of the algal contribution to reduced water clarity conditions.
chapter ix
Determining Where Numerical Chlorophyll a Criteria Should Apply
s
appendix
Wetland Area, Segment Perimeter/Area/Volume and Water Quality Parameter Statistics for Chesapeake Bay Tidal Fresh and Oligohaline Segments
102
Table A-1. Wetland area, perimeter, surface area and volume statistics for Chesapeake Bay tidal fresh and oligohaline segments.
Chesapeake Bay Program Segment |
Wetland Acreage (acres) |
Segment Perimeter (meters) |
Segment Surface Area (meters2) |
Segment Volume (meters1) |
Surface Area to Volume Ratio |
Western Branch Patuxent River-tidal fresh region |
WBRTF |
5181 |
131511 |
||
Appomattox River-tidal fresh region |
APPTF |
168938 |
8011611 |
1510000 |
5.3 |
Piscataway Creek-tidal fresh region |
PISTF |
15219 |
3708997 |
2850000 |
1.3 |
Chester River-tidal fresh region |
CHSTF |
60350 |
4084016 |
3362500 |
1.2 |
Pocomoke River-tidal fresh region |
POCTF |
77456 |
3998871 |
4470000 |
0.9 |
Nanticoke River-tidal fresh region |
NANTF |
69276 |
4608463 |
6615000 |
0.7 |
Mattawoman Creek-tidal fresh region |
MATTF |
37045 |
7280895 |
9500000 |
0.8 |
* Patuxent River-tidal fresh region |
PAXTF |
55373 |
4408622 |
11025000 |
0.4 |
*Choptank River-tidal fresh region |
CHOTF |
153218 |
9466475 |
15322500 |
0.6 |
Bohemia River-oligohaline region |
BOHOH |
79964 |
11927636 |
1 7000000 |
0.7 |
Pocomoke River-oligohaline region |
POCOH |
116755 |
13821501 |
18000000 |
0.8 |
Back River-oligohaline region |
BACOH |
64832 |
16175354 |
22375000 |
0.7 |
C&D Canal-oligohaline region |
C&DOH |
35654 |
3565828 |
24130000 |
0.1 |
Middle River-oligohaline region |
MIDOH |
93914 |
16214070 |
25000000 |
0.6 |
Northeast River-tidal fresh region |
NORTF |
40617 |
15817689 |
26500000 |
0.6 |
*Patuxent River-oligohaline region |
PAXOH |
76397 |
14243456 |
27180000 |
0.5 |
Chester River-oligohaline region |
CHSOH |
124641 |
14790537 |
28875000 |
0.5 |
Nanticoke River-oligohaline region |
NANOH |
238038 |
16455330 |
45000000 |
0.4 |
*Choptank River-oligohaline region |
CHOOH |
142681 |
14477365 |
45125000 |
0.3 |
Chickahominy River-oligohaline region |
CHKOH |
355816 |
27969270 |
48562500 |
0.6 |
Bush River-oligohaline region |
BSHOH |
107046 |
30542696 |
49250000 |
0.6 |
* Rappahannock River-oligohaline region |
RPPOH |
1 12097 |
19536530 |
53580000 |
0.4 |
Gunpowder River-oligohaline region |
GUNOH |
163323 |
41998392 |
64250000 |
0.7 |
Sassafras River-oligohaline region |
SASOH |
161366 |
33085712 |
84187500 |
0.4 |
Elk River-oligohaline region |
EFKOH |
138710 |
37270004 |
101250000 |
0.4 |
* Rappahannock River-tidal fresh region |
RPPTF |
252716 |
36503308 |
107437500 |
0.3 |
James River-tidal fresh region |
JMSTF |
562776 |
95301848 |
286187500 |
0.3 |
Chesapeake Bay-tidal fresh region |
CB1TF |
216814 |
151620944 |
360000000 |
0.4 |
James River-oligohaline region |
JMSOH |
271459 |
127749032 |
43 1 500000 |
0.3 |
* Potomac River-tidal fresh region |
POTTF |
365926 |
153841616 |
484750000 |
0.3 |
*Potomac River-oligohaline region |
POTOH |
312495 |
214963696 |
852250000 |
0.3 |
Chesapeake Bay-oligohaline region |
CB20H |
246410 |
275239520 |
1237000000 |
0.2 |
*Segments with similar characteristics or geographically close to the Mattaponi and Pamunkey segments. Source: Chesapeake Bay Program http://chesapeakebay.net/data
appendix a
103
Table A-2. Summer average conditions in other tidal fresh and oligohaline Chesapeake Bay Program segments, 2000-2002.
Total
CBP Segment |
Water Column Layer |
Water Column Depth (meters) |
Salinity (ppt)1 |
Temperature (°C) |
Dissolved Dissolved Oxygen Oxygen Concentration Deficit (mg liter'1) (mg liter'1) |
Chlorophyll a Concentration (pg liter') |
Suspended Total Solids Nitrogen Concentration Concentration (mg liter') (mg liter') |
Total Phosphorus Concentration (mg liter') |
||
APPTF |
S |
0.7 |
0.09 |
27.90 |
8.45 |
-0.50 |
44.5 |
35.5 |
1.0771 |
0.1169 |
APPTF |
B |
5.7 |
0.09 |
27.44 |
7.68 |
0.31 |
67.7 |
1.1839 |
0.1656 |
|
CB1TF |
S |
0.5 |
0.68 |
25.92 |
7.32 |
0.79 |
8.4 |
8.0 |
1.1310 |
0.0389 |
CB1TF |
B |
4.8 |
0.86 |
25.58 |
6.79 |
1.36 |
6.7 |
10.1 |
1.1603 |
0.0387 |
JMSTF |
S |
0.7 |
0.30 |
27.56 |
7.82 |
0.13 |
22.4 |
15.9 |
0.9022 |
0.0989 |
JMSTF |
B |
8.8 |
0.37 |
27.24 |
6.94 |
1.04 |
75.1 |
1.1113 |
0.1388 |
|
MATTF |
S |
0.3 |
0.19 |
24.46 |
6.98 |
1.38 |
18.1 |
8.1 |
0.9551 |
0.0608 |
NANTF |
S |
0.5 |
0.63 |
25.86 |
5.68 |
2.45 |
15.6 |
23.1 |
2.3553 |
0.0667 |
NANTF |
B |
4.1 |
0.67 |
25.77 |
5.44 |
2.69 |
14.6 |
50.4 |
2.3513 |
0.0891 |
NORTF |
S |
0.5 |
0.24 |
25.93 |
8.70 |
-0.57 |
44.3 |
22.0 |
1.1431 |
0.0847 |
NORTF |
B |
1.8 |
0.24 |
25.66 |
7.91 |
0.26 |
42.2 |
25.7 |
1.1207 |
0.0876 |
PAXTF |
S |
0.2 |
0.22 |
24.27 |
7.37 |
1.02 |
36.2 |
34.4 |
1.3724 |
0.1547 |
PAXTF |
B |
9.4 |
0.68 |
25.18 |
7.28 |
0.96 |
66.3 |
99.9 |
1.3846 |
0.2731 |
PISTF |
S |
0.2 |
0.00 |
24.22 |
6.97 |
1.45 |
14.2 |
10.3 |
1.3197 |
0.0962 |
POCTF |
S |
0.5 |
0.61 |
26.13 |
4.63 |
3.46 |
7.6 |
12.4 |
1.6927 |
0.1206 |
POCTF |
B |
4.9 |
0.72 |
26.00 |
4.64 |
3.46 |
7.8 |
25.8 |
1 .6005 |
0.1408 |
POTTF |
S |
0.5 |
0.16 |
26.54 |
7.60 |
0.45 |
20.4 |
13.0 |
1.5054 |
0.0769 |
POTTF |
B |
10.9 |
0.24 |
25.97 |
6.36 |
1.76 |
18.7 |
35.1 |
1.6021 |
0.1047 |
RPPTF |
S |
0.7 |
0.71 |
26.89 |
7.20 |
0.84 |
31.0 |
23.4 |
0.9105 |
0.0776 |
RPPTF |
B |
5.1 |
0.75 |
26.68 |
6.84 |
1.10 |
. |
37.1 |
0.9543 |
0.0883 |
WBRTF |
S |
0.0 |
0.01 |
21.97 |
6.82 |
1.94 |
12.8 |
37.1 |
1.1804 |
0.1868 |
BACOH |
S |
0.5 |
2.82 |
25.18 |
7.92 |
0.24 |
81.9 |
24.9 |
2.4796 |
0.2564 |
BACOH |
B |
0.8 |
2.92 |
25.17 |
7.26 |
0.89 |
66.9 |
23.9 |
2.1900 |
0.2347 |
BOHOH |
S |
0.5 |
1.27 |
26.68 |
7.73 |
0.26 |
24.7 |
21.6 |
0.8554 |
0.0653 |
BOHOH |
B |
1.8 |
1.30 |
26.43 |
7.27 |
0.75 |
21.2 |
22.6 |
0.9143 |
0.0666 |
BSHOH |
S |
0.5 |
1.16 |
25.82 |
8.19 |
-0.05 |
28.7 |
24.0 |
0.9170 |
0.0699 |
BSHOH |
B |
1.2 |
1.17 |
25.61 |
7.64 |
0.53 |
28.7 |
25.8 |
0.9117 |
0.0696 |
C&DOH |
S |
0.5 |
2.03 |
25.74 |
6.68 |
1.41 |
10.5 |
17.8 |
1.2866 |
0.0715 |
C&DOH |
B |
12.3 |
2.08 |
25.53 |
6.54 |
1.57 |
3.4 |
30.7 |
1.2121 |
0.0808 |
CB20H |
S |
0.5 |
5.11 |
24.72 |
6.68 |
1.41 |
6.5 |
9.9 |
0.9548 |
0.0526 |
CB20H |
B |
1 1.7 |
8.14 |
24.21 |
4.47 |
3.57 |
5.5 |
24.6 |
0.8730 |
0.0675 |
CHKOH |
S |
0.7 |
2.05 |
26.41 |
6.33 |
1.68 |
19.1 |
24.7 |
0.6205 |
0.0873 |
CHKOH |
B |
3.9 |
2.10 |
26.21 |
6.24 |
1.78 |
. |
62.5 |
0.7355 |
0.1338 |
CHOOH |
S |
0.5 |
1.09 |
26.28 |
5.66 |
2.40 |
18.3 |
28.2 |
1.6772 |
0.1042 |
CHOOH |
B |
7.5 |
1.19 |
25.93 |
5.36 |
2.74 |
17.1 |
47.5 |
1.8115 |
0.1311 |
CHSOH |
S |
0.5 |
0.69 |
26.47 |
8.13 |
-0.09 |
61.2 |
53.2 |
2.2028 |
0.1619 |
CHSOH |
B |
4.0 |
0.71 |
26.18 |
7.86 |
0.23 |
59.6 |
65.9 |
2.1452 |
0.1747 |
ELKOH |
S |
0.5 |
1.68 |
25.89 |
6.80 |
1.27 |
4.1 |
11.7 |
1.1244 |
0.0584 |
ELKOH |
B |
11.4 |
1.77 |
25.62 |
6.59 |
1.52 |
3.5 |
25.7 |
1.1267 |
0.0736 |
GUNOH |
S |
0.5 |
2.23 |
25.12 |
7.13 |
1.06 |
10.3 |
16.3 |
0.6558 |
0.0476 |
GUNOH |
B |
0.9 |
2.24 |
25.08 |
6.55 |
1.64 |
10.5 |
18.8 |
0.6600 |
0.0489 |
JMSOH |
S |
0.7 |
6.20 |
26.71 |
6.77 |
1.03 |
8.9 |
22.8 |
0.5089 |
0.0828 |
JMSOH |
B |
10.1 |
7.00 |
26.69 |
6.49 |
1.28 |
. |
73.5 |
0.6217 |
0.1202 |
MIDOH |
S |
0.5 |
3.67 |
25.42 |
7.63 |
0.45 |
19.3 |
10.1 |
0.6698 |
0.0493 |
MIDOH |
B |
2.7 |
4.14 |
25.07 |
5.90 |
2.20 |
15.7 |
13.7 |
0.6727 |
0.0478 |
PAXOH |
S |
0.5 |
3.33 |
26.36 |
5.87 |
2.10 |
17.3 |
28.6 |
0.8689 |
0.1378 |
PAXOH |
B |
3.6 |
3.61 |
26.08 |
5.38 |
2.61 |
18.0 |
56.1 |
0.9835 |
0.1912 |
POTOH |
S |
0.5 |
3.00 |
25.80 |
6.59 |
1.44 |
8.2 |
12.1 |
1.1141 |
0.0896 |
POTOH |
B |
7.8 |
3.77 |
25.66 |
5.92 |
2.09 |
3.8 |
50.9 |
1.1603 |
0.1258 |
RPPOH |
S |
0.7 |
3.12 |
26.84 |
7.40 |
0.55 |
19.5 |
21.9 |
0.6160 |
0.0753 |
RPPOH |
B |
7.2 |
3.63 |
26.51 |
6.40 |
1.57 |
. |
73.3 |
0.8002 |
0.1198 |
SASOH |
S |
0.5 |
0.46 |
26.98 |
8.30 |
-0.32 |
71.6 |
23.2 |
1.6423 |
0.1170 |
SASOH |
B |
5.2 |
0.53 |
26.49 |
6.62 |
1.43 |
66.3 |
31.9 |
1.5082 |
0.1254 |
Source: Chesapeake Bay Program http://chesapeakebay.net/data
appendix a
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
0 016 080 847 0
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region III
Chesapeake Bay Program Office Annapolis, Maryland 1-800-YOUR-BAY
and
Region III
Water Protection Division Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
in coordination with
Office of Water
Office of Science and Technology Washington, D.C.
^ M„ <A ****** A* .t,. °/l> *o*A .O . ^ *’ 'S •
r O^ //Nc</^ rCA
* *> A ,*_eSS*\G> X* O .‘
>Aav/-as
-o &' . » “«n, ; ♦, ■•?,, o° ♦ % °o A ,■
o* w* V ;
^ * *$ll?»0 *%.
AA” • * '!V ' ° K ° VP^r “ * ' 1 *
\<P f&K'.Xf ?*v*°
~ >7^IIP5?" n c~3 <J ,p
* C3ftrU&’ * <c> J*>\ -0
VATA>* \,> *
r- *- ’Vr0, /.C- ^ ,04V l,*«
Ad '^S§§\0 '
O.V Cb * "°
\* y ^ OWpaav
*- AA -
O A* t
A1
A-
A,
> y ^
5- - <tr .» *> « ^ «r> * <d?;:/i£# *y A"
rf* ‘&V/]j&lF Cf V* O J* ^v<»ir « **j. *Y ‘twx/^’ 4* a?’
V-” *vd “ >V°" vVw°*Sl'” ’>id
o %# o*J§|\ :§Sk\ V* •* J
v <y ^ r * *y <kv Aif
/\°'° * * * '-ov * 1 ' * ° *
°oA AA J*M§A «fe
*„ aa
, 'ov“ ?*^|a» v-d*
, a ^4 t'^W'’ °«l,?S^>'0 ^
* °'S^ ■ 1 ° “°^y< - ' !vt. =.lsfii ,$\ 1 "~~ r ^
\\ # s
«-* o'.-^a,' A.* :£m&* w c-55^'
P-v O
Ax o
r> ^ *” r>
^ o* 4>
r 'VP***
A AA -f o°^ Ao^
Ad
.;v- ->A v ^“"/‘V ^S;-” “VA * \A % a f J
^ a>s,jj\ ofw; A>*^> °o^^
^ -<A »W^A ^ > A ‘ “
™>I LI 4 ‘'I/ V J*"4 «ah»m.j.A
QN *4 Kr,
^ - -»er^ * ^ y ^
% **oA+* A <r> >4
\
(L» (A ^ %
% t * o V » n * s <r * ^c ,3KU-flf ».x « ot rA' “ 1 1 ^ A
% ^ .aA ^
5 O
^ <3^ “du ° -* <
^ vrTU4 a
^o4 •§&%£*, </ovb
- A# A®^=
9 * s
•5b ■*<
Ar <y
A <>A
|a Jk r Ol'1 CJ a /
A °0 A" a,V^vA" ^ , Gc ♦
* 'W* o^»#. ^ K
O 'P’d v- -v- o
, *Ar
‘ %A ; 5flDi'* A
u
7.
rA °
>- V*,,,’
* o
; >0
• v°
4 « » ,:,NC1 A *’
#. ^ A *"
j.l^P** A \ A A
* ' %;aX° ' ’5%^
*6? ?4fra: W *«#■: V /^m* ^
J.^ A < > ^4
A c°Nc4
A A^SSW' Vx ov^ ‘ ^
'ov
... >0^ ■’A Ao* .MffiK-.
« ^* ■ - * *A< *
\<<r ?0m>l %<$* -mmfal ®
,A#/ %w//\lw/ #v\ #;Al
» 4;A -.X%°-aa0-X^>!« ^ m h* M
xU .<> . -_ W Ux .•* 4 VP rU . V
G ❖ aatffcz + G ^ >r
^ ^SSf^8y° &<
o
| .cf»< 7a
^ fU VVC?,'^)'J'' .-* ■* ^r -Q-^ ' ^yr
' ^ 4^ A O 7^» A ^ BSmZ'
A''"*1’/ ftt . o/V" “ v< ■ .* ■ v
Vdp^A
; A^b> o.
♦'af On o0 dx V
' * 0^i* >!)No1 A° < A n
V a5V.\ V AT ** * %
•» A ^ -A ViAV/Vl o
»- w o*^tek«.%
, f.ov ""“ '■
O’ 'fyt <t
* V*0X * RgOV- „
% V' - 1 * D HV^;
° \A ;^‘V
o A'Tr
*
■V » %
(oAA; .
V„A
,-4- A A
"A%?&
V%. : ,
V*r
u G° A
; Ad4
v V^VM* ^ V^VW' ^ ^ - " •*■ *
^■V Iwws A\ *.«■*“ °
AC> . O^j y ,
AS Vj
0> o
<v y*°*v>
q-_ A^ ♦ Ay^/h,^0 ^ -v
%cp ~ ° V'-A’ O
oN >
« L'fi.
• /~i
rO,L'
_ .. _ <>x
. 7// 4
- v y * ^
sy.tij, M <►/*< * * \C? ,.„
>a<X°o *<a^\ o°V
v°<
Vv V
V* cy
-,@^'° ,v"r*i. $°* *w*k ^gw; ^ *,
* j^YW/Vl o ^ A> ..AWt, ^ Y* P £* <*» J* wfRtifcfekv ^
: flft °z "Ik* ^pcT oSKSL*
YY ^ * * <> ** \p^
o°"> % ,0*'
.-sJsJ^Va* o* w G ❖
AA\\\n^ •« f A a t.
, Cy3 U j>. o
* <£> <K o
, fpv .♦* “*% V” * ‘Vs -
; << ° ^
*
*>o ° * s;4^>C * *
V* w «^ft;'. %# :Sm>\ w o^e vlUt: jPfc* '.USA0 ^\:, ,
t*
^ jr. it. a**«*.i j«sk_ a . — u» . *
v > vw*-*v/// *- : _
X
‘&7//U& v - * ^uvss^. * <
^yZUSTJ? J' Ck *^SS?V o *v Ck V ^ o ’*v ‘
;■” -^v- ko;o^;-><' ■ ’
\< f||*\/ ?^Ts »*V #;
o
n c3'^‘o
> -* — yv % 4
A /^v*
: Vo* ^
*y »Jv <* ./>
* ^ °o. %
V
<»
'CJ, "yQ . -i4 ^ <>
’* Vj ^ **/\
*: w ^
v° * % l , o
o rO r*> <vT
^rtl ^
> ^ ^
.. ^
*■+■ ** “ » ,S ,LI|
W. o° /
* v*o
* AO.
y ^ o -
-C51 , « » .
V ss * ^ (X,
\ %<&* S3^** ** -A
o^»; aVA « fw ° & K °V/MW» aVA
■ *- \#° f^fe; °'ygf A/ JV^A /^j
/»n» ^si.., ^ “D“° o^ »’ *°. %<'"1 * Xs4<-» f/A?
%a-a /^feA A& ? JJ&A 4
* ^9^ °
° >9^ >.
_« «y Or *
' n « O 3 V^ 'Ao i> . “V 45->
XA ,*’*"/-> '”*
^w3t& I , v
■ i ■'/,„, V"-‘, A
VO CoN<M
;V^'
° » w?\yV^r» * r> V/^. «<•
<f3HO° ^ ^X‘‘'
V'©6 ^PV \
a **v V A^a</^ Ac*v/ A?V
4-
IV,
o A* ^
7.
^ s , -p- VVA * - ts y • 4 • A v v > > ^ ^
0*Jj Q> ,
r . rV vv _ -» '-i-k <-o- » *^rv*. « . *r - v'- . i >-o-
»* °o. A^ <4
•* OX ~V o
* -✓'O’ « Bflftar * X>> - 4 '^Or * SgrM1 » OY °
; /* :tSP,»» v°x v°* ’.taP? >?\ \
■ * \>4 * * A '"*V *t * o.V''1 • * * v V °*°V *» . o/V” ^ >!>so
-V y ^*5!^ r ~ ° Vv w t- *vy -
JJ'. O Z 4 n wiflir 0 o C 4vV^V “1 Mlll^ n
%*y&rs<F \\w;/ ^ ^
**'\'0*’,A^V0°»«» ^.', ' ” ' <A\° L"*\)'0 ’ L°«°* <4. ■* * » * o-e^ -M..°4a,°»’-'‘ 4<
O "v/ O ^ 4*^ 1-t5v?^CV_V,^>J' V< O ** v**r / /s-3 « w 44
»■* ^Lr$ Z Sz&z* Ofliill&U ^OY^ 0
o iPy, :^4w9 y°< k t-
lo-v°° . v^5v° . \a
<v * o ^ vAa n W Ay ^ «r * y. Xv * o ^ V*^
^rA^^/h,^0 ^th, <& s?
x r . f’ - M » Yv* *
^ 'JwKsrs °
^ A >
^ ^OY^ °
• t
o <c9
lO^
h v7j
^ **vvY>
o ;®*/V
°„^P/
v Yl'*<°Y,0» o ^ N
<4 o°S^,\°o_. A* »c—
vo*
° YaA 0*
n 4<£JJY O * -^> Vi o
> 'Xy G 4
</> M> i v.
A v*o% *
» _A.Ox «
o
— ^ 4x0
<3>V 4, ^ A° ^
V\‘^V^4 a°V« » v ^
«>
*/ 'Ja ,-v »" . <? vf* /-U .» w-v .*& „ # yv ,-vJ .'
2L * 'J 4t VI^5^S«S* •»■ r4k G V V O <• O' (W G ^
V- o'^tek-. %■& /.^Kk* v~<= ;-,
^0
« Ll fi
.n - o
4 'tr o O
' N^s <,.,.% i#=>^
} 1/vXXvJ -v r\> <v\ 4 ^ Jv u
4 ' <<00-,, V * * o°<VV< x°-v v°-
vt*,
ECKMAN
i E R Y, INC.
’ Lt IV 1,
)und-Tb-Please*
I6-B5056
S- - * ’ " y: • ° - w ’ *
;%< \<A :gjg*r\j
; aVA> 1 lliiP^r ° .v5^ ava
♦ v ^ * *$> A W/ V
roy° ♦ co«C< * * S£>°.^ U^V° *
^ ZMmfr-l '’ov °'^&'» Yo4 0'
„. ^ • o *,w.‘° A°\\m’ « ’-Wl* ,v\v
v” *«” ^v*3'" '// «<V'” • v<t*vj >°V“ w *
<ta< \v :Mh\ X^ f&k\ \<
L^'Jj* C to 4^^G # n
> Vj. O <V ^
.U.V^,., <
4 V A»k