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A DESCRIPTION

OF THE

INSECTS OF NORTH AMERICA,

THOMAS SAY,
With H{lnstrations Bray and Goloved after Nature.

EDITED BY

JOHN bf. LE CONTE, M.D:

WITH A MEMOIR OF THE AUTHOR, BY

GEORGE. OR D.

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CONTENTS OF VOL. I.

Preface,
Memoir of the Author,
Preface to American Entomology,

American Entomolgy, Vol. I. Philad., 1824, (pl. i.—xviii.)

v.
vii.

XXiii.

1

Vol. II. Philad., 1825, (pl. xix.—xxxvi.) 35
Vol. III. Philad., 1828, (pl. xxxvii—tliv.) 81

Explanation of terms used in Entomology,

A description of some new species of Hymenopterous In-
sects, (from the Western Quarterly Reporter,) Vol. 2,
No. 1, 1823, pp. 71—82,

Description of Insects belonging to the order Neuroptera
Linn. Latr. collected by the Expedition authorized by
J. C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command
of Major 8. H. Long, (from the Western Quarterly Re-
porter, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1823, pp. 160—165,)

Appendix to the Narrative of an Expedition to the source
of St. Peter’s River, &c., under the command of Ste-
phen H. Long, U.S. T.E., Vol. 2, 1824; pp. 268—378,

Descriptions of North American Curculionides, and an ar-
rangement of some of our known species, agreeably to
the method of Schénherr. New Harmony, Indiana,
July, 1831,

New species of North American Insects, found by Joseph
Barabino, chiefly in Louisiana. New Harmony, In-
diana, January, 1832,

Descriptions of new species of Heteropterous Hemiptera
of North America. New Harmony, Indiana, Decem-
ber, 1831,

Correspondence relative to the Insect that destroys the
Cotton Plant,

Note on Capt. Le Conte’s paper on ‘New Coleopterous In-
sects of North America,’ published in the first volumes
of the Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of
New York, (from Contributions of the Maclurian Ly-

123

161

310

369

iv. CONTENTS.

ceum to the Arts and Sciences, Vol. 1, Philadelphia,
1827,)

A description of some new species of Hymenoptera of the
United States, (from Contributions of the Maclurian
Lyceum to the Arts and Sciences, Vol. 1, pp. 67—83.
Philadelphia, 1828,)

Descriptions of new American species of the Genera Bu-
prestis, Trachys and Elater, (from Annals of the Ly-
ceum of Natural History of New York, Vol. 1, part 2,
1825, pp. 249—268, )

Additions and corrections,

372

373

386
AQ]

agit SA SDM Swe oa Sal Sh

The number of works through which the descriptions of
insects published by Say are scattered, has been a serious
obstacle to the progress of Entomology in the United States.
As the founder of that branch of science in this country, the
basis of all knowledge of our species rests upon a correct
determination of those known to him; but the labor and
expense of acquiring this information is so great, in conse-
quence of the cost and number of the works to be consulted,
that it is within the power of few to possess even a moder-
ately complete series of his contributions.

For the purpose of aiding the researches of the student
of Entomology in this country, and for the securing of due
credit to the labors of this great naturalist abroad, I have
here brought together all the descriptions of insects publish-
ed by him. By the introduction of the paging of the
original publications [in brackets] into the body of the text,
the labor of referring to a separate index for the place of
publication is obviated, and the true reference can be readily
made.

With the view of increasing the usefulness of the work,
notes have been added, in which the species, so far as pos-
sible, are referred to genera adopted in the present condi-
tion of science. And I must here express my earnest thanks
to Baron R. von Osten Sacken, of the Russian Legation, at
Washington, for his kindness in furnishing me with his notes
on the Diptera described by Say, and to Mr. Philip R.
Uhler for similar notes upon Orthoptera, Neuroptera and
Hemiptera.

My own researches upon the Coleoptera of the United
States have led me to follow very nearly in the path of Say,

Vi. PREFACE.

over the regions adjacent to the Rocky mountains, while
diligent collecting in other parts of the country has been
attended with such success, that but few of the species known
to him are wanting in my collection. The entire destruc-
tion of his original specimens would be the subject of much
greater regret, were it not for the fact that his descriptions
are so clear as to leave scarcely a doubt regarding the object
designated. I am thus enabled to assign to nearly all of
his Coleoptera their proper place in the modern system.

Such of the original plates illustrating the American En-
tomology as remain, have been purchased for the present
work: unfortunately plates 87—54 have been destroyed :
these have been re-engraved by Mr. John Gavit, of Albany,
which will be a sufficient guarantee of their being exact
copies. The plates of Coleoptera have been recolored from
specimens, and will be found more correct than those in the
original work.

Typographical errors in the original memoirs have been
corrected; other errors have not been changed, or if noted,
the corrections have been placed in brackets.

To add interest to the work, Mr. Ord, late President
of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, has
kindly permitted me to use the heretofore unpublished
memoir of Mr. Say, written by him, and read before the
American Philosophical Society. The long and unbroken
intimacy existing between these two men of science, renders
this production of peculiar value, and leads us, by a know-
ledge of the difficulties with which they contended, to esti-
mate still more highly the labors of those who have in the
early history of science in America prepared the way for
students who now labor, not with more skill, but with greater
facilities.

Joun L. Le Conte.

Philadelphia, May 1st, 1859.

A MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY

FOREIGN MEMBER L. S. AND Z. S. LONDON,

Read before the American Philosophical Society, on the 19th Decomber, 1834

BY

GEORGE ORD.

Tuomas Say was born in Philadelphia, on the 27th of
July, 1787. His father, Benjamin Say, a respectable
physician and apothecary, was a son of the Thomas Say, of
whom a marvellous account is extant, relating to a supposed
trance, during a state of suspended animation.

Dr. Say, belonging to the Society of Friends or Quakers,
placed the subject of this notice in a school, under the patron-
age of the sect; and afterwards removed him to the Friends’
Academy of Weston or West-town, situated in Pennsylvania,
a few miles from Philadelphia.

Of those who have had the misfortune to be placed at a
country school, there are few, who, in after years, can re-
view that period of their life with satisfaction. The grovel-
ling amusements there indulged in, which are the natural
consequence of a freedom from restraint, or from observa-
tion ; the want of incentives to honourable emulation ; together
with an unsettled mode of communicating elementary know-
ledge; occasion in the mind of the pupil a distaste for letters,
which too often influences the remainder of his life.

Vill. MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY.

Of the name or character of the teachers, to whom the
education of Thomas Say was confided, I have not been in-
formed ; but there is reason to infer, from his deficiency in
elementary learning, on his arriving at manhood, and his
indifference to polite literature, that his teachers had been
either grossly negligent or incompetent.

The father of Mr. Say, aware of the importance of occu-
pation, and not perceiving in his son an indication of a
predilection for any of the learned professions, took him
into his shop, the business of which was conducted for their
mutual benefit. After being initiated into the mysteries of
pharmacy, Mr. Say was established in the same useful call-
ing, in conjunction with another person, whose supposed
solidity of character, and business habits, it was presumed
would ensure success.

But the expectations of the parent were not to be realized.
Thomas Say was not destined to be a man of business. The
thrift of trade, and the art of buying and selling, were either
disdained by him or neglected. He became imprudently
responsible for the pecuniary engagements of others; and
being unable to withstand the reverses which ensued, he
soon found himself involved in ruin.

At what period of Mr. Say’s life he became enamoured of
the works of nature I cannot ascertain ; but I remember his
having told me that even when a school-boy his greatest
delight was in collecting butterflies and those Coleopterous
insects, whose variegated or splendid colours seldom fail to
arrest the attention of the most careless observer.

A passion for collecting natural objects, if freely indulged,
generally leads to a desire of becoming acquainted with their
characters or properties. This desire once gratified, the
student finds himself in possession of knowledge as delight-
ful as it is varied and inexhaustible. But so fascinating is
the study of natural history, so completely does it predomi-
nate over other studies, that it seems by no means advisable
to recommend it to the early attention of youth, even as a
recreation, lest what was intended merely for pastime should

MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY. ix.

become an occupation, interfering with the acquisition of
that learning, which, in every situation of life, is deemed
indispensable.

That the subject of this notice early commenced the study
of natural history, is well ascertained. Hence his indiffer-
ence to business, which resulted in bankruptcy; hence his
neglect of literature, a neglect which he was fully sensible
of, when, at a future period of his life, he undertook to com-
municate to the public the result of his labours in some of the
most abstruse and intricate branches of the animal kingdom.

Not long after the establishment of the Academy of Natu-
ral Sciences of Philadelphia, Mr. Say was prevailed with to
become one of its members.* Of the origin of this highly
respectable and useful institution, I shall at this time merely
assert, that its founders had any thing in view but the ad-
vancement of science. Strange as this may appear, it is
nevertheless true, that the club of humourists, which subse-
quently dignified the association under the imposing title of
Academy, held its weekly meetings merely for the purpose
of amusement; and, consequently, confined itself to those
objects which it was thought would be most conducive to
that end.

But, in process of time, when it was found that mere col-
loquial recreation soon loses its charms, a higher object was
suggested to the attention of the association, one which it
was thought would tend to awaken public curiosity, and
thereby procure an accession of members, and, consequently,
an accession of means: this object was the collecting and
preserving of natural curiosities. At the date of Mr. Say’s
joining the Society, this plan had been recently adopted;
but how great was his surprise, on being inducted into the
temple of science, to find that the whole collection consisted
of some half a dozen common insects, a few madrepores and

*The Academy was founded in January, 1812; and Mr. Say was
elected a member in April, the same year. His name appears for the
first time, among the members present, at the meeting of the 16th of
April. It was subsequently determined, as a mark of respect, that ‘‘ his
name should be enrolled among those of the founders.’’

x. MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY.

shells, a dried toad fish and a stuffed monkey: a display of
objects of science calculated rather to excite merriment than
to procure respect, but which, in the end, proved to be the
nucleus of one of the most beautiful and valuable collections
in the United States.

In the year 1817, the Academy of Natural Sciences, hay-
mg had the good fortune to associate to itself some gentle-
men of acquirements and respectability, was induced, at the
earnest solicitation of its President, William Maclure, Esq,,
to undertake the publication of a Journal, chiefly for the
purpose of recording discoveries, remarkable facts, and ob-
servations, in natural history. This Journal, which, at the
date of this memoir*, has reached its thirteenth half volume, is
arecord of no ordinary value ; and we hazard nothing in pre-
dicting that it is destined to a long life.

In the Academy’s Journal Mr. Say, I believe, first made
his appearance as an author. He had, previously, read
some papers to the Society, more with a view of adding
interest to its meetings, than of giving publicity to his dis-
coveries ; but now that an appropriate vehicle of publication
was afforded him, he devoted himself with increased ardour
to his pursuits, with what success those only who are con-
versant in these matters can truly estimate.

We have spoken of Mr. Say’s first appearance in print.
It seems necessary to state, that some years antecedently
he issued proposals for a History of the Insects of the
United States ; but so slender was the interest which works
on natural history excited at that day, that the project
was abandoned, although our zealous young naturalist had
been stimulated to it by the encouraging
the promise of assistance, of ‘his friend, Alexander Wilson,
whose Ornithology was then in the course of publication.

In the commencement of the year 1818, Mr. Say,
together with the President of the Academy of Natural
Sciences, and two other members, visited the Sea Islands,
and adjacent coast of Georgia, and penetrated into East

encomiums, and

* At the present time the publications of the Academy form 8 vols.
8vo and 3 vols. 4to of the Journal, and 10 vols. of Proceedings.—Lxc,

MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY. xi.

Florida, then under the dominion of Spain, for the purpose
of studying the natural history of those interesting regions.*
This journey, although productive of much valuable infor-
mation, was shortened, in consequence of the hostilities which
still existed between the people of the United States and
the native tribes of Florida ; the Spanish Governor of which
territory having kindly advised the exploring party to return,
as it would not be in his power to afford them any assist-
ance, in the event of an attack by the Indians.

Of the two scientific expeditions fitted out by order of
the government of the United States, and commanded by
Major Long, the department of chief Zoologist was allotted
to Mr. Say ; whose numerous discoveries have since been re-
corded in works which need not be named here, as the stu-
dents of natural history are familiar with them.

We come now to the crisis of Mr. Say’s life, the termina-
tion of his labours in his native city. In the year 1825, he
was induced to accompany Messieurs Maclure and Owen to
their settlement in Indiana, where the sum of human happi-
ness, it was believed, would be exalted; and where science
and letters, it was confidently affirmed, would soon arise,
like the orient sun, to enlighten our benighted western world.
But had these zealots allowed themselves time to reflect upon
the nature of man, before they commenced their plans of
reform, they would have perceived that all schemes to coun-
teract the order of society are as ineffective as attempts
would be to subvert the order of nature. This truth soon
became manifest, for in a few short months the confraternity
of New Harmony disagreed, quarrelled, and separated.
Even the founders of the Institution got into the labyrinth
of the law, from which they were extricated by a compromise.
One returned to his native country, to concoct new measures
for the reformation of domestic policy; and the other re-
tired in disgust to the republic of Mexico, to brood over

*The party consisted of Messrs. Maclure, Say, Titian R. Peale, and
the writer of this memoir,

xil. MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY.

misfortunes, which he attributed rather to adverse events,
than to a want of forecast in himself, or a defect in the fun-
damental principles of the association.

But Mr. Say had become involved for life. He had mar-
ried ; he had accepted the agency of the property, the du-
ties of which compelled him to a residence there; he had
no other means of support but what the bounty of his pa-
tron, Mr. Maclure, afforded him ; he, therefore, sat himself
down with his usual composure, to await the turn of events,
appropriating all his moments of leisure to his favourite pur-
suits; and not allowing a thought of the future to disturb
the equanimity of his mind.

The health of Mr. Say, when he neiined from Philadel-
phia, was far from being good ; from causes which shall be
hereafter stated, his stomach had lost its natural tone ; and
he found that the climate of the Wabash was by no means
adapted to restore vigour to a constitution which had been
enfeebled by the repeated attacks of dysenteric affections.
Had he been free to follow the advice of his medical friends,
or to yield to the affectionate solicitations of his relations,
he would have returned to the more genial climate of his
native city; where the salubrity of the air, the comforts of
life, and the charms of society, would have doubtless contri-
buted, in no small degree, if not to the entire renovation of
health, at least to the prolonging of a life which had not yet
passed its maturity. But a sense of duty predominating
over the ties of kindred, and the claims of friendship, in-
duced him to remain, where he became a sacrifice to a fever,
which carried him off on the 10th of October, 1834, in the
forty-seventh year of his age.

It is not necessary that I should take up the time of the
Society in a detail of Mr. Say’s various writings; I shall,
therefore, confine myself to a few remarks upon the general
character of them, in order that those of our members, who
are not naturalists, may be enabled, to form some idea of
their nature and importance.

His principal work, entitled “ American Entomology,” is

MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY. xiii.

the most beautiful publication of the kind which has ever
been issued from the American press. It is illustrated with
well executed plates, coloured from nature ; which plates, in
conjunction with the descriptions, leave nothing to be de-
sired on the score of certainty as regards species. ‘The
publisher of this work, at whose request it was undertaken,
Mr. Samuel Augustus Mitchell, was resolved that no exer-
tion should be spared, on his part, to render the book as ac-
ceptable to the lovers of the fine arts, as useful to the student
of nature; and that he fully succeeded will not admit of a
doubt. ‘The author, delighted that his labours should be
presented to the public in so attractive a garb, felt himself
stimulated to extraordinary exertions ; hence, the American
Entomology may be considered as a fair specimen of Mr.
Say’s talents as a writer and as a naturalist. This work,
published in Philadelphia, was advanced no farther than the
second volume, at the time of the author’s departure for
Indiana. One more volume, three years afterwards, ap-
peared, and the publication was stopped. Whether this
termination arose from the difficulty of conferring with the
author, in matters which required his presence and frequent
communication, or from the want of the patronage of the
public, I am unable to determine ; but I am induced to be-
lieve that both these causes conspired to frustrate the com-
pletion of a work, which may be advantageously compared
with those of a similar nature which have been produced in
other countries.

His “ American Conchology,” only six numbers of which
had been issued ‘at the date of his death, was printed and
published at New Harmony. From the knowledge and
skill of Mr. Say’s intelligent wife, in natural history draw-
ing, he derived no small advantage, as all the illustrations
were the product of her pencil; we, consequently, are in-
debted to her taste for the only attraction which the work
possesses—the plates; for I am sorry to be compelled to
add, that the paper and letter-press are a disgrace to the
arts of our country. A book possessing such repulsive cha-

xiv. MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY.

racters could hardly hope for general encouragement; more
especially as works merely conchological, that is, without a
history and description of the singular animals which form
and inhabit the shells, can have little claim to the favour of
the public, except what is derived from their extrinsic quali-
ties.

Of our author’s numerous Papers, which are recorded in
the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, the Trans-
actions of the American Philosophical Society, and some
scientific periodicals, a variety of opinions are entertained ;
some persons maintaining that, as they are chiefly descriptive,
more care ought to have been exercised in discriminating
character ; especially as, from the want of plates, the insuf-
ficiency of our author’s technical phraseology may lead to
confusion or doubt. That there is much uncertainty in
some of his descriptions of Insects, I was well assured by one
whose judgment in these matters was of no small weight ;—
the late learned French Entomologist, M. Latreille, one of
the professors of the Museum of the Garden of Plants, at
Paris; who, after expressing a high opinion of Mr. Say’s
acquirements, added, that it was to be regretted his Papers
had not been illustrated with plates, as there was ambiguity
in some of his descriptions, which figures might tend to
solve.*

The time which systematic descriptions of objects of natu-

*I am indebted to Dr. John L. LeConte for the following note :—
Krichson, the greatest master of the new school of Entomology, does not
coincide with Latreille, in the opinion above expressed, regarding the
clearness of Say’s descriptions. In the Genera et Species Staphylinorum,
preface, page vii., occurs the following remarkable encomium: ‘‘ Ver-
borum copiam descriptiones nequaquam distinctiores reddere, Linnzi,
Fabriciique et Iligeri exemplo liquet, brevitate vero neminem precellere
video Sayum Americanum, qui descriptiones adeo edidit concisas, ut
diagnoseos volumen vix superent, nihilominus adeo lucidas ut vix
speciem quandam ab illo exhibitam unquam invenies dubiam. Sunt
autem auctores quoque plurimi, simili describendi modo usi, illis tamen
viris ingenio impares, qui descriptionibus abbreviatis species nonnisi
dubias et obscuras provulgant.’” Higher commendation could be given
to none and by none.

MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY. xv.

ral history require, is much greater than what is commonly
imagined; and the difficulty of accurately distinguishing
specific characters is known only to those who are familiar
with these matters. ‘‘ Specific characters,’ says Wildenow,
“‘to be perfect, must be common to no other of the genus.”
It hence follows, that the describer’s knowledge must not
only be positive but relative, as no one can define systemati-
cally, without knowing what are the characteristics of other
species of the same genus.

This difficulty was probably the cause of the want of
technical precision above referred to; as from Mr. Say’s
anxiety to prepare some of his papers for the press, in order
to secure the honour of discovery, he did not allow himself
that time in their composition which, from their nature, they
required.

With respect to the literary part of Mr. Say’s labours, it
has been conjectured that posterity will not award him that
praise to which his talents and zeal should seem to entitle
him. No natural historian can reasonably expect durable
celebrity, without having established his reputation upon
the foundation of polite learning. The ponderous tomes of
the elder naturalists of Europe, sought after, not for their
intrinsic value, but for their rarity, lie neglected in some
obscure nook of our libraries; their erudite authors, dis-
daining a sacrifice to the Muses, received no inspiration
from the sacred mount, and they are fast passing into ob-
livion. Whereas Buffon, whose acquirements in some
branches of natural history were so very slender, that many
writers refuse to admit his authority, has, nevertheless,
erected a monument to the glory of the French language
more durable than brass or marble. Where is the English
student who has not refreshed his mind with the graphical
descriptions, and the chaste language, of the ‘“ Animated
Nature’ of Goldsmith, although it is well known that this
illustrious writer had little knowledge of natural history,
except what was derived from books.

Had our lamented friend not misemployed his youth, he

xvi. MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY.

might have acquired a taste for classical literature, which
would not only have tended to increase his influence in so-
ciety, but which would have furnished him with the means
of usefulness, proportioned to the extent and variety of his
acquirements in natural knowledge. But he appeared not
to have been fully sensible of his deficiency until it was too
late to supply it. As it is the nature of a favourite occupa-
tion, long continued, to absorb the attention, to the exclu-
sion of other pursuits, so Mr. Say’s passion for discoveries
became so predominant, that any attempt to change his
habits of thinking would have proved as vain as efforts to
control the natural affections of his heart.

There are two classes of readers to whom the major part of
writers on zoology, of the present day, address themselves:
the reader for pastime, and the scientific naturalist. Now
that it is possible to conciliate the good opinion of both these
classes, is proved by the success of some publications of re-
cent date, in which strict attention has been paid to nomen-
clature, arrangement and definition, and in which the habits
of the animals have been detailed with all the fidelity of
truth, and in all the charms of diction.

That even in works on Entomology these two objects are not
incompatible, the most indifferent observer of those insects,
with which we are familiar, must be fully sensible of; for
who that takes the pains to note the industry and economy
of the honey-bee, or the patience and skill of spiders, will
hesitate to confess, that lessons of wisdom may be derived
from objects which our self love would fain induce us to
consider as too insignificant for our regard !

The reason of Mr. Say’s having written so little of the
habits and economy of the subjects of his papers, may be
derived from the difficulty of expression, which all those ex-
perience who are not familiar with the rules of language,
and the practice of good writers. Many a valuable idea is
suffered to lie dormant in the mind, for the want of a suita-
ble vehicle to communicate it. And, it may be added, not-
withstanding the sneers of our modern pseudo-philosophers,

MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY. XVil.

who affect to consider the time spent in the acquisition of
words as worse than useless, that precisely in proportion to
the augmentation of our vocabulary, and our phraseology,
do we enlarge our stores of ideas, and acquire a facility in
communicating them.

The aid which language affords, in the developement of
ideas, has not been sufficiently attended to by those writers
who have made the operations of the human mind the sub-
ject of their meditations. “Rien ne marque mieux un esprit
juste et droit,” says Voltaire, “que de s’exprimer claire-
ment. Les expressions ne sont confuses que quand les idées
le sont.” The practice of this great writer will convince us,
that he who has a store oflanguage must be rich in ideas,
and that that thought is seldom confused which can call to
its aid a conformity of diction, or a facility of expression.

There is an opinion prevalent among the gross of readers,
that clearness of phraseology demands no extraordinary ef-
fort of the intellect ; and that if writers would be satisfied with
clothing their thoughts in simple language, the labours of
authorship would be greatly diminished. It would be a
difficult matter to convince such thinkers, that the easy,
graceful diction, which appears to flow spontaneously from
the mind, is, in effect, one of its hardest attainments ; it is
the result of continued application, under the control of taste
and judgment : it is one of the noblest triumphs of art. One
would suppose that Addison wrote his Spectators currente
calamo, and that the Ramblers of Johnson were the purchase
of toil and research ; whereas the truth appears to be, that
the former owe their perfection to the repeated labour of re-
vision, and that the latter were the product of moments
which neither admitted of reflection nor delay.

These observations, apparently out of place, will not be
thought irrelevant to our subject when, we state that Mr.
Say maintained the opinion above mentioned. That he
was self-deceived, would be evident from a glance at his own
writings ; for where he fancied his expression to be most
clear, there frequently is the greatest obscurity ; and where

2

XVlil. MEMOIR OF- THOMAS SAY.

he thought he was confining himself to a simple declaration
of facts, the diction he employs is so turgid or pleonastic,
that one would almost be tempted to believe he esteemed
facts of less importance than the cadence of a period.*

During the latter part of Mr. Say’s residence in Phila-
delphia, he had duties to perform besides those which ap-
pertained to his own pursuits. Charles Lucien Bonaparte,
Prince of Musignano, wishing to communicate to the public
some observations on certain subjects of natural history, and
critical remarks upon the Ornithology of Wilson, sought the
assistance of Mr. Say, who cheerfully granted it; hence all
those papers to which the name of Charles Bonaparte is at-
tached, in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences,
were corrected and arranged for publication by Mr. Say ;
whose task was troublesome, inasmuch as it is less difficult
to compose entirely from materials furnished by another,
than to place into form the crude language of one but par-
tially acquainted with the idiom of our tongue. Mr. Say,
also, was employed by the Prince of Musignano to prepare
for the press his first volume of “The Natural History of
Birds inhabiting the United States,’’ in continuation of
Wilson’s American Ornithology. This volume, subsequently,
for reasons which need not be here stated, underwent the
revision and correction of the late Dr. Godman.

The readiness with which Mr. Say attended to the wants
of others, his liberality in communicating his knowledge to
those who sought it, together with his urbanity and com-
panionable qualities, were the occasion of such repeated in-
terruptions, that he felt constrained to appropriate those
hours to his private studies, which ought to have been de-
voted to rest ; hence to him the season of midnight was the
hour of prime, it was the time of stillness and tranquillity ;
and so greatly did he enjoy these vigils, that he not unfre-
quently prolonged them, even during the summer, until the
approach of day. Of this injudicious application to study

* See particularly American Entomology, Vol. I., article Blaps sutu-
ralis, and Silliman’s Journal of Science, Vol. I., article Herpetology.

MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY. Xix.

he soon became sensible, by the derangement of his digestive
organs, which resulted in dysenteric affections, that, proba-
bly, were the remote cause of the illness which. carried him
to the grave.

Another cause of indisposition, if not of disease, may have
been those habits of rigid abstemiousness, to which Mr. Say
addicted himself after his retirement to New Harmony.
The maxim of Seneca, that ‘“‘ We have a sufficiency when
we have what nature requires,’ how just soever in itself,
may, nevertheless, lead to harm, if we fail to inquire what
are the requisitions of nature, and if we neglect to supply
them. That the abstinence of Mr. Say, and his prototype,
Mr. Maclure, was carried to an injurious excess, we may
safely infer from the fact, that the expenditure for the daily
food of each, for a considerable time, amounted to no more
than the sum of stx cents.*

Although on the score of Mr. Say’s literary acquirements
there may be a diversity of opinion, yet there can be but
one sentiment with regard to his industry, his zeal, and the
extent of his knowledge of natural history, particularly of
that class of zoology to which he was most attached, En-
tomology. His discoveries of new species of insects were,
perhaps, greater than ever had been made by a single in-
dividual, and it is to be regretted that many of them yet
remain in his cabinet undescribed.f The naturalists of
Europe, fully sensible of his rare qualifications, were not

* This singular fact I had from Mr. Maclure’s own letters. The folly
of some men, reputed philosophers, is sometimes very striking. Seneca
maintained that a little bread and water was all that nature required;
as to clothes and lodging, says he, we may cover ourselves with the
skins of beasts, and with afew oziers and a little clay we may defend
ourselves against the vicissitudes of the weather. But did this illus-
trious moralist exemplify his own precepts ? Hear him: ‘‘ If I do not
live as I preach, take notice, that I do not speak of myself, but of vir-
tue.’? Of what utility is theory without practice? On this head our
New Harmony philosophers were more consistent than the preceptor of
Nero, for they really enforced their own doctrines by their example.

+ This cabinet has been since entirely destroyed.

XX. MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY.

backward in acknowledging his merits, for we find his name
in the noble list of Foreign Members of the Linnean Society
of London, and that of the Zoological Society of the same
capital; an enviable distinction, which our countryman must
have justly valued, when he reflected that the former 1s re-
stricted to the number of fifty, and the latter to five-and-
twenty.

We have merely noted, in a cursory way, Mr. Say’s in-
dustry and zeal; details would be superfluous, as the variety
and extent of his labours amply testify to these points.

Of his moral character we are now to speak, but so many
delightful recollections rush forward at once, that we hardly
know which has the claim to precedence. Those who had
the best opportunities of knowing him, his venerable mother,*
and his affectionate sister, speak in such unqualified terms
of his domestic virtues, that his value as a son and a brother
must have heen beyond all eulogy. His disposition was so
truly amiable, his manners were so bland and conciliating,
that no one, after having once formed his acquaintance, could
cease to esteem him. A remarkable feature in his character
was his modesty, which, leading to habits of retirement, in
some respects unfitted him for the intercourse of society, ex-
cept that of his private friends, where, it may be said, he was
truly at home, and where he was the idol of every heart.

A diffidence of his own powers was a perpetual barrier to
advancement in life, as it is known that he declined a pro-
fessorship of natural history, offered him by the trustees of
one of our learned institutions, on the score of his supposed
inability to lecture in an acceptable manner. And on the
death of Dr. Baldwin, the botanist and historian to Major
Long’s first expedition, Mr. Say refused the situation of
Journalist, offered to him by the commander, alleging his
want of qualification for that responsible employment. This
distrust of his own acquirements led, in some instances, to

* This respectable old lady, who died not long after the delivery of
this discourse, was Mr. Say’s step-mother.

MEMOIR OF THOMAS SAY. Dba

beneficial results, as, being always open to conviction, he
readily yielded to the advice of those of his friends in whose
judgment, in literary matters, he placed reliance.

Conscious of rectitude himself, ingenuous and sincere,
whenever he fancied he perceived either artifice or dissimu-
lation in any person, his aversion was prompt and decisive ;
and yet, in that useful talent which enables one readily to
discriminate human character, that tact by which we can
read the soul, as it were, in the countenance, he was so
singularly deficient, that the most barefaced impostor, with
a knowledge of the bias of his mind, would find no difficulty
in securing his confidence.

This imperfect sketch of our deceased member would be
wanting in two essential particulars, were I to omit a dis-
tinct enforcement of his integrity, and his love of veracity.
These noble virtues, indispensable in every condition of hu-
man life, especially to those who devote themselves to the
study of nature, were so firmly established within his mind,
so entirely did they control his actions, that, with all those
who had the happiness of his acquaintance, the name of

Thomas Say was synonymous with honour, and his word
the expression of truth.

ifr 00 ROM Fy

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crab nit enka ,

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PREFACE TO AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.*

The author’s design, in the present work; is to exemplify
the genera and species of the insects of the United States,
_ by means of colored engravings. He enters upon the task
without any expectation of pecuniary remuneration, and
fully aware of the many obstacles by which he must inevita-
bly be opposed.

The graphic execution of the work will exhibit the present
state of the arts in this country, as applied to this particular
department of natural science, as no attention will be want-
ing, in this respect, to render the work worthy of the en-
couragement of the few who have devoted a portion of their
attention to animated nature.

To such persons, as well as to those whose information is
sufficiently comprehensive to enable them duly to appreciate
the various departments of human knowledge, this book is
more especially addressed; and the author would happily
profit by their friendly co-operation in the correction of any
errors that may appear, in the enunciation of new facts in
the manners and economy of insects, or in the addition of
species and localities.

It is not possible, in the present state of our collections,
to publish all the species in regular systematic succession ;
and the Entomologist will therefore observe, that although
the specimens are somewhat indiscriminately described and

a
*The dedication of this work is as follows: To WimutAM Macture,
President of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and of
the American Geological Society, Member of the American Philosophical
Society, &c. &c,, distinguished as a successful cultivator, and munificent
patron, of the Natural Sciences, this work is respectfully inscribed, by
his much obliged and most obedient servant, Tue AuTHOR.

Xxiv. PREFACE TO AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. ,

figured, yet care has been taken that species of different
genera be not represented in the same plate. ‘The pages
are not numbered, and the enumeration of the plates, which ©
is on the inferior margin of the impression, is referred to
beneath the text. This arrangement will admit of the work
being bound up, when completed, agreeably to systematic
order in the successsion of genera, without any apparent
confusion of numerals.

In order that the descriptions may be understood by those
who are not conversant with the science, we subjoin an ex-
planation of the technical terms used in Entomology, illus- -
trated by elementary plates.

Six plates of the present volume, together with their ac-
companying text, were printed off in the year 1817, but as
they were never properly published, it has been thought
advisable to include them in the present work.

With these preliminary notices, the first volume of the
American Entomology is submitted to the patrons of science ;
and whatever may be its merits or its defects, we must ob-
serve, that it is the first attempt of its kind in this country.
It is an enterprise that may be compared to that of a pioneer
or early settler in a strange land, whose office it is to be-
come acquainted with the various productions exhibited to his
view, in order to select such as may be beneficial, either as re-
gards his physical gratification, or his moral improvement,
and in order to counteract the effects of others that may
have a tendency to limit his prosperity. From the novelty
of the surrounding objects, or the imperfection of his im-
plements, it is vain to suppose that his selection would be
unerring, or his system of culture invariably judicious. But
unabating industry and zeal remove obstacles that for ever
bar the advance of indolence or timidity ; and if our utmost
exertions can perform only a part of a projected task, they
may, at the same time, claim the praise due to the adventurous

- pioneer, of removing the difficulties in favor of our successors.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

PAPILIO. Puare I.

Generic Character. Antennz terminating in a conic-ovate or

- elongate-ovate, somewhat arquated club; palpi pressed closely to

the front, hardly reaching the clypeus, the terminal joint obsolete
or very minute; feet all formed for walking, armed with simple
claws at tip; superior wings somewhat falcate; inferior wings
often tailed at tip, and on the inner margin excised or folded
to admit of the free motion of the abdomen.

Obs. The Caterpillars in this genus are destitute of a hairy or
spiny armature; but, when disturbed, they suddenly project from
the anterior and superior part of the neck a soft bifid append-
age, which diffuses a strong odor. This singular organ, although
somewhat formidable in appearance, is yet perfectly harmless ; it
may, however, serve the purpose of repelling the enemies of the
larva, rather, perhaps, by the odor it emits, than by its me-
nacing aspect.

The pup or chrysalids are, for the most part, of an angu-
lated form, with two processes or lobes before; they are secured
in an upright position by a silken thread, which passes transversely
around the body.

The perfect insects are considered by many observers as the
most beautiful part of the creation.

PaprLio PHILENOR Fabr.— Specific character. Wings tailed,
green-black ; posterior pair green, polished, with seven fulvous
subocellar spots beneath.

Papilio Astinous Drury,evol. i. tab. 11, fig. 1, 4. Cramer,
Ins. tab. 208, fig. A, B.

P. Philenor Fabricius, and of Smith and Abbot’s Insects of

Georgia. .

Desc. Head black; eyes red-brown, posterior orbits yellow;

2 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

palpi yellowish before ; a white dot behind the base of each an-
tenna; neck with two dots before, and a band of four dots be-
hind.

Thorax black, immaculate; breast dotted with yellow; feet
black, anterior trochanters with an obsolete yellow dot; superior
wings dark green, sometimes blackish, with whitish crenz ; four
or five white spots 6n the margin, more conspicuous beneath,
often obsolete above ; inferior wings highly polished, green; six
pearl-white spots before the margin ; crenze white; beneath with
a yellow spot at base, brownish, with a very broad polished green
border, upon which are seven large fulvous spots, each surrounded
by a black ring, and marked by a lateral white spot; on the in-
ner edge about six small white dots.

Abdomen green, a little brassy above; a lateral double row of
whitish dots; first segment with a single larger spot conspicuous
above.

Female larger, color of the wings brown, with cupreous re-
flections.

The Philenor is one of the most beautiful of our butterflies,
and is, at the same time, very common.

The plate represents the male in two positions.

STIZUS. Puate II.

Generic character. Thorax with the first segment transverse
linear ; feet short or moderately long ; labrum entirely exserted,
short, semicircular: palpi filiform, maxillary ones longer, six-
jointed ; labial palpi four-jointed: ocelli very distinct: superior
wings not folded longitudinally: radial cellule one, elongated ;
cubital cellules three, the second narrowed before, and receiving
the two recurrent nervures; the third not attaining to the end of
the wing.

Obs. Latreille formed this genus for the reception of many
species of the tribe Bembecides, distinguished by the above re-
cited characters. These species had previously been placed in
the genus Bembex by Fabricius and Olivier, in that of Crabro by
Rossi and Fabricius, in Larra by Iliger and Fabricius, in Sphex
by Villers, in Mellinus by Panzer, in Iriris and Scolia by Fabri-
cius, and by Latreille, in his earlier works, in Monedula.

Of all the genera which form the order Hymenoptera, the pre-
sent genus is the most closely allied to those of Monedula and

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 3

Bembez, in the general appearance of the insects of which it is
composed, as well as in the distribution of the nervures of their
wings. This affinity is so striking in many species of these
groups, that it becomes necessary to inspect the form of the la-
brum, in order to decide upon their respective appropriate genus.
A very remarkable difference is observable in this organ, which,
in those genera, is much elongated and triangular, but in Stizus,
it is short and semiorbicular. Nearly all the species have three
spines at the extremity of the abdomen, as in the genus Scolia,
but they cannot be considered as Scolize, as their eyes are entire,
and the form and number of the wing cellules are altogether dif-
ferent.

Srizus GRANDIS.—Specific character. Segments of the ab-
domen, each with a yellow band, and lateral blackish spot.

Stizus grandis nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. ii.
ay Ye

Desc. Antenne black, the three basal joints rufous; front and
labrum yellowish; thorax with a yellowish spot on the anterior
angle, and first segment margined with yellowish ; scutel ferrugi-
nous; wings ferruginous, dusky at tip ; feet ferruginous ; tergum
ferruginous, each segment with a yellow band, and lateral, black-
ish, oblique, sublinear spot; venter with an obsolete margin on
the second segment, and obsolete lateral triangles on the remain-
ing segments, yellowish.

Male. Head, thorax, base of the three or four terminal, and of
the abdominal segments, and beneath, black ; bands of the abdo-
men uninterrupted ; lateral spot of the first band obsolete or
wanting ; anal spines none. Length to the tip of the wings, one
inch and a fifth.

Female. Ferruginous; basal band of the abdomen, and some-
times the second and third bands, interrupted in the middle ;
lateral spot of the first abdominal band very oblique. Length to
the tip of the wings, one inch and three fifths.

Obs. This remarkably fine and new species is very distinct from
the speciosus of Drury, and is somewhat larger than that com-
mon insect. When descending along the bank of the Arkansa
river, with a detachment of Major Long’s exploring party, I had

frequent opportunities of observing this species. It generally

occurred upon flowers, in company with many other interesting
Hymenopterous insects. It is highly probable, that, like the

4 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

speciosus, the grandis nidificates in the earth, and feeds its larve
with the dead bodies of Cicade.

The speciosus, grandis, and a few other large species, ought to
constitute a distinct division in this genus, distinguished by the
want of spines at the tail of the male.

The upper figure represents the female, and the lower left
figure the male, both of the natural size.

Srizus uNrcIncTus.— Specific character. Black, opaque ; ab-
domen polished, with a rufous band above; wings dark violace-
ous.

Stizus unicinctus nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. i.
a

Obs. A broad, bright rufous band occupies the basal half of
the second segment of the tergum. The wings are blackish-vio-
laceous, and the anal spines are prominent. The length of the
male is half an inch.

This species occurred on the banks of the Arkansa river, in
company with the preceding insect.

The lower right figure magnified, and beneath is an outline
showing the natural size.

LYTTA. Puare IIT.

Generic character. Tarsi entire; nails bifid: head not pro-
duced into a rostrum ; elytra flexible, covering the whole abdomen,
linear, semicylindric ; wings perfect ; maxillze with two membra-
naceous lacinie, the external one acute within, subuncinate; an-
tennee longer than the head and thorax, rectilinear; first joint
longest, the second transverse, very short: maxillary palpi larger
at tip.

Obs. To this group of insects belongs the celebrated “ Spanish
fly,’ distinguished in the healing art for its vesicating virtue.
The species were placed by Linné in his genus Meloe ; Geoffroy,
Degeer, Olivier, Lamarck, Latreille, and Leach, distinguished
them by the name of Cantharis; and Fabricius, Marsham, and
Dejean, apply the designation I have adopted.

The larvee live in the earth, and the perfect insect is often
gregarious, feeding on leaves.

It is highly probable that all, or nearly all, of the North
American species, are endowed with the same properties that
have so long rendered the L. vesicatoria almost indispensable to

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 5

the practice of medicine; and it is certain that a sufficient quan-
tity may be collected in the United States to supply the demand
of the shops, to the complete exclusion of the foreign insect.

Lyrra Nurrait.—WSpecijic character. Bright green, varied
with golden; elytra golden purple; feetsblack, thighs blue, tro-
chanters armed with a spine.

L. Nuttalli nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. iii. p. 300.

Desc. Body glabrous: head deep greenish, varied with golden ;
front punctured, subimpressed, and with a small rufous spot;
antenne robust, surpassing the base of the thorax, black, opaque :
joints turbinate, approaching to moniliform, the margin of the tip
rounded ; second joint two-thirds the length of the third; termi-
nal joints largest near the middle, and rapidly attenuated to an
acute tip: eyes oblong-oval, emarginate: palpi black: clypeus
and labrum obscure: thorax golden-green, polished, with un-
equal, minute, sparse punctures: a longitudinal, dorsal, impressed
line, and a transverse basal one; base bluish, anterior angles
prominent: scutel blue, obtuse behind: elytra red, or golden-
purple, somewhat rugose: two indistinct elevated lines on the
disk, and a submarginal one: beneath green, polished: feet
black ; thighs beneath blue or purplish; trochanters armed with
a conic spine near the inner base, obsolete or wanting in the
female.

Obs. This noble species, which in magnitude and splendor
surpasses the far-famed vesicatoria, has, I understand, been
labelled in a British cabinet with the name which I have here
adopted, in honor of Mr. Thomas Nuttall, who discovered it.

Although this insect certainly belongs to this genus, yet the
proportional length, of the second and third joints of the antenne,
is somewhat similar to that of the genus Zonitis, as defined by
Latreille in the Regne Animal. In common with several other
American species, the antennz increase a little in thickness to-
wards the tip, but are much shorter than in Zonitis. These cha-
racters, combined with the form of the terminal joint, seem to
prove a close alliance with the genus My/labris, but the antennee
are not arquated at tip, and are of a more considerable length ;
the habit also differs, the form of the body being more elongated.
The species, then, possessing the form of antennz above noted,

6 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

seem to have the habit of Zytta, combined with a form of antenne
allied to that of Mylabris.

They cannot be referred to Zonitis, as the palpi are not ahs
and the habit does not agree.

The Nuttallii seems to be limited to the western region. In
company with Major Long, I observed it, for the first time, near
the base of the Rocky Mountains. A very numerous flock had
there taken possession of the few diminutive bushes that occurred
within the space of a hundred yards, every spray of which was
burdened with their numbers. After passing this limited dis-
trict, not an individual was seen during the remainder of our
journey. On the recent expedition of the same officer to the
river St. Peter, I obtained but a single specimen, which was found
one evening at an encampment in the North West Territory.

The upper left figure, natural size.

LyTta ALBIDA.—WSpecific character. Black, covered with
dense whitish hair.

Li. albida nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. 11. p. 3065.

Desc. Body black, entirely covered by dense, short, prostrate
greenish or yellowish-white hairs; head with a longitudinal im-
pressed line; antennz subglabrous; first and second joints
rufous, the latter nearly equal in length to the third joint; cly-
peus, labrum, and palpi pale rufous ; tarsi black.

Obs. Another remarkably fine species, which I discovered
within about a hundred miles of the Rocky Mountains, during
the progress of Major Long’s expedition over that vast desert.
It appeared to be feeding upon the scanty grass, in a situation
from which the eye could not rest upon a tree, or even a humble
shrub, throughout the entire range of its vision, to interrupt the
uniformity of a far outspreading, gently undulated surface, that,
like the ocean, presented an equal horizon in every direction.

The upper right figure natural size.

Ly?Ta MACULATA.— Specific character. Black, covered with
cinereous hair; elytra spotted with black.

L. maculata nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. iii. p. 398.

Desc. Body black, invested with cinereous, prostrate hairs;
head with an impressed, longitudinal line ; antennee, joints cylin-
drical, and with the labrum and palpi glabrous: maxillary palpi
much dilated at tip; eyes elongated, retuse behind the antennz .

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 7

and behind the insertion of the maxille; thorax subquadrate,
narrower than the head, a longitudinal impressed line, and a trans-
verse basal one; elytra with numerous orbicular, black dots,
irregularly placed, sometimes confluent, and are the effect of the
absence in those parts of the cinereous hair; tarsi, tips of the
tibia and thighs glabrous.

Obs. This insect is much smaller than the preceding ones,
and the spots of the elytra distinguish it in aremarkable manner.
Numerous specimens were brought by Mr. Nuttall from Mis-
souri.

The lower left figure; the line represents the natural length.

LyYTTA SPHARICOLLIS.—Specific character. Dark green,
tinged with brassy ; thorax rounded, convex.

L. sphericollis nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. ii. p. 299.

Desc. Body glabrous, blackish-green, slightly tinged with
brassy ; head punctured ; antennz robust, black, hardly attain-
ing the base of the thorax ; joints short, conic, acute at the edge
of the tip; second joint rufous, subglobular ; eyes oval, not elon-
gated; labrum and palpi blackish; thorax subglobular, punc-
tured, punctures sparse, not profound; elytra green, slightly
tinged with olivaceous and brassy, somewhat rugose ; two, rarely
three, obsolete longitudinal lines on the disk, and another near
the external margin ; beneath blackish-green.

Variety, a. Body green, destitute of the brassy tinge.

Variety, b. Head and thorax black ; elytra bluish.

Obs. This species is less robust than the preceding, and may
be readily distinguished from others by the rounded thorax and
very short antenne, the remaining characters of which latter
agree with those of the Nuttalli. Many specimens were brought
from Missouri by Mr. Nuttall. ;

In a future volume of this work, we propose to give some ac-
count of the American species of this genus, as related to medi-
cine.

The lower right figure ; the line shows the natural length.

SCARABAUS. Puate IV.

Generic character. Antennz ten-jointed, the club composed
of oblong-oval lamellae, which have an almost common insertion ;
body ovoid, convex; mandibles with their external edge crenu-

8 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

lated; maxilla: corneous, dentated; labrum entirely concealed ;
palpi filiform.

Obs. The genus possessed of the above characters, retains
the Linnean name of Scarabzus in the system of Latreille, and
corresponds with the genus Greotrupes of Fabricius; whilst the '
genus Scarabzus of the latter author, is the same with Geotrupes
of Latreille. Although, in the small portion of the present
work, printed in the year 1817, I adopted the Fabrician desig-
nation, yet, as Entomologists have generally chosen Latreille’s
nomenclature in this respect, I have thought it necessary to ac-
quiesce in their decision.

This genus comprehends some of the largest insects of the
order Coleoptera, and, amongst others, the noble species known
by the name of 8. Hercules, of which the truly absurd story has
been related of its clasping a branch of a tree between the cor-
neous projections of the head and thorax, and by flying around
the limb thus included, finally succeeds in separating it from the
tree ; and that the insect then becoming inebriated with the fluid
that exudes from the wound, falls apparently lifeless to the
ground.

ScaraBaus Tiryus Linn —Specific character. Thorax
three-horned, the lateral ones short, subulate; middle one
bearded with yellow hair beneath, projected forwards, and bifid
at tip; horn of the head recurved, submarginate on the back
near the tip.

Scarab. Tityus Linn. Syst. Nat.

Amoenit. Acad. vol. vi. p. 391.4
Jablonsky Coleopt. p. 257, pl. 4, fig. 2.
Oliv. Ins. vol. i. p. 9, pl. 10, fig. 31, b. ¢.
Palisot de Beauy. Ins. p. 137, pl. 1, ec. fig. 4, 5.

Le Scarabé Tityus Ency. Meth. Ins. pl. 137, fig. 7.4

Geotrupes Tityus Fabr. Syst. Eleut. vol. i. p. 10.

Scarab. Hercules minor V oet. Coleopt. p. 24, pl. 12, fig. 99.

Scarab. marianus Linn. 9

Fabr. in his earlier works; omitted in his Syst. Eleut.

Obs. This insect is so extremely rare in Pennsylvania, that
the late Rev. F. V. Melsheimer, the parent of Entomology in
this country, and a very industrious collector, found but two in-
dividuals in eighteen years. An instance has however occurred,

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 9

in which the appearance of a considerable number of them occa-
sioned no little surprise in the neighborhood where they were
discovered. A mile or two southward of Philadelphia, and near
the river Delaware, an old cherry-tree was blown down by a
violent current of wind, and my informant saw the remains of nu-
merous individuals, in and about a cavity of the tree, laid open
by the shock of its fall. That there might be no mistake as to
the species, he exhibited the thorax of a male he had chosen
from the mutilated fragments.

I think it highly probable that the 7vtyus is more especially a
native of the Southern States, as my friend, Mr. J. Gilliams,
presented me with several specimens in high perfection, collected
by himself in Maryland; and from these, the drawings for the
annexed plate were made.

The length of the male, exclusive of the horns, is two inches,
and the greatest breadth one inch. In color it resembles the JS.
Hercules, being glaucous with brown spots, or brown with glau-
cous spots. These spots vary considerably in size, figure, posi-
tion and number, being sometimes confluent, and exhibiting a
clouded appearance. The elytra of one specimen in my collec-
tion are entirely chestnut-brown, immaculate, and the larger
thoracic horn frequently occurs simple or undivided at tip, as
exhibited in the figures given by Jablousky and Olivier; to the
latter author we are indebted for a knowledge of the specific
identity of the Tityus and marianus.

The female is generally somewhat smaller than the male, and
unarmed, except a small tubercle on the head.

Tityus in the heathen mythology, was a gigantic son of Jupi-
ter and Elara, whom Apollo killed for offering violence to his
mother Latona.

The upper figure of the plate represents the male, and the
lower the female.

[This species belongs to the genus Dynastes M’Leay.—LeEc. ]

ACRYDIUM. Ptuarte V.

Generic character. Thorax elongated behind, often longer
than the abdomen ; elytra very small; pectus with a cavity for
the reception of the inferior part of the head ; tarsi three-jointed,
destitute of pulvilli; antenne thirteen or fourteen jointed, not
half the length of the body ; oviduct not exserted ; posterior feet
formed for leaping.

10 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Obs. This genus was established by Fabricius under the name
which, with Thunberg, I have adopted. Linné included the
species in his genus Gryllus. Lamarck distinguished them by
the name of Acheta, and Latreille by that of Tetrix. The species
are nearly all small, and several are common. They may be very
readily distinguished from “ grasshoppers” of other genera, by
the remarkable elongation of the thorax, which is continued
backward so as to cover the abdomen wholly or in great part.

AcRYDIUM ORNATUM.—Specijic character. Whitish; beneath
fuscous ; thorax nearly as long as the wings, spotted with black.

Desc. Head blackish ; vertex with an elevated longitudinal
line, which extends down over the front where it is grooved, but
this groove does not reach the acute ridge which divides the
vertex from the front ; thorax flattened, somewhat granulated and
whitish, laterally projecting a little over the origin of the heme-
lytra, a slightly elevated longitudinal central line, and two abbre-
viated oblique elevated lines near the head; a velvet black spot
each side over the tip of the hemelytra: pleura, hemelytra and
pectus black-brown.

Length to the tip of the wings, half an inch.

Obs. 1 am indebted to Mr. Lesueur for this interesting species,
which he caught at Kaighn’s Point, in the vicinity of Philadel-
phia. The insects of this genus vary much in their sculpture,
size and color, which renders it difficult to distinguish the species,
of which we seem to have several. In the above description I
have purposely avoided a minute detail of colors and markings,
noting such only as will probably prove to be permanent, or
nearly so, and characteristic of the species.

The left hand figures of the plate; natural size and magnified.

ACRYDIUM LATERALE.—Specific character. Pale brownish-
testaceous, with a lateral broad fuscous line; thorax shorter than
the wings.

Desc. Vertex with an elevated longitudinal line, commencing
near the tip, and extending down over the front, where it is
canaliculate the whole length, and terminating beneath the an-
tennee : antenne reddish-brown, blackish at tip : thorax flattened,
with small longitudinal lines or wrinkles, and a more obvious,
continuous, elevated central line, extending the whole length :
wings brown on the anterior margin towards the tip, and extend-

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 11

ing at least the twentieth of an inch beyond the thorax: pleura
with a dilated blackish-brown line or vitta, beginning at the eye,
and including the abdomen above and on each side: feet brown,
more or less annulated with pale: venter pale yellowish or testa-
ceous.

Length to tip of wings, nine-twentieths of an inch.

Obs. I obtained this insect in Georgia and East Florida, where
it is not uncommon. :

The upper and right figures of the plate; natural size and
magnified.

LAPHRIA. Puate VI.

Generic characters. Body elongated; wings incumbent: an-
tenn divaricating, approximate at base, three-jointed ; third
joint inarticulate, obtuse, and destitute of a style: front im-
pressed: hypostoma with long rigid hairs’: proboscis horizontal,
short, without dilated labia: poisers naked : abdomen with seven
segments: posterior tibia arquated : tarsi terminated by two nails
and two pulvilli. -

Obs. The genus Laphria, of Meigen, is perfectly well distin-
guished from its neighboring groups by the above stated traits,
and has received the approbation of all recent authors who are
willing to keep pace with modern discoveries. The arrangement
of the nervures of the wings, particularly of those of the anterior
margin, is very similar to that of the wing nervures in the genus
Asilus, as restricted by the same author; but the form of the
antenne, in this case, at once decides the genus, those of Laphria
being simple at their termination, whilst those of As¢/us are fur-
nished with a very distinct, and generally elongated, setaceous
style.

These insects fly swiftly, and the force with which the wings
strike upon the air, produces a loud humming sound. They are
predaceous, and pursue with voracity smaller and weaker insects,
which they seize, and then alight to suck out their fluids. Many
species inhabit the United States. Of these, the thoracicus of
Fabricius, and another which I described under the name of ¢er-
gissa, in consequence of the form of body and sounding flight,
have been very frequently mistaken for humble-bees, (Bombus.)

The larvz live, probably, in the earth.

awEeEEEOOeeEeEeEeEeEEeeeee

12 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

LAPHRIA FULVICAUDA.—Specific character. Black, with
cinereous hair ; wings blackish ; tergum fulvous at tip.

Laphria fulvicauda nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol.
iii. p. 53.

Desc. Body black, with long cinereous hair: head large, trans-
verse ; eyes deep black: thorax varied with black and cinereous,
and with short, black hair; two distinct, longitudinal, dorsal,
black lines, with a more obvious cinereous band in the middle,
which is interrupted by the dorsal lines ; two cinereous obsolete
points each side behind: wings blackish: halteres pale at tip:
abdomen depressed, above and beneath subglabrous, hairy each
side ; the two terminal segments of the tergum with a common
fulvous spot.

Length about three-fifths of an inch.

Obs. I obtained it at the settlement of Cote sans Dessein, on
the Missouri river, during a short stay of Major Long’s exploring
expedition at that place.

Lower right figure.

[This species has been called L. pyrrhacra by Wiedemann.—
SACKEN. |

LAPHRIA SERICEA.—Specific character. Above with golden-
yellow hair ; thorax, beneath the hair, dark blue.

Laphria sericea nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. iii. p. 74.

Desc. Head black; hypostoma and gena with grayish hair,
that of the former tinged with dull yellowish ; vertex and occiput
with black hair: thorax dark blue, with golden-yellow hair,
rather longer and somewhat more dense behind; a fringe of
longer black hairs over the insertion of the wings: pleura black-
ish ; a few long, pale hairs near the poisers: poisers pale : pectus
and feet black, hairy ; hair of the former long; hair beneath the
anterior and intermediate feet whitish: scute] dull chestnut:
wings hyaline ; nervures fuscous, broadly but faintly margined
with yellowish-brown, as well as the inner edge: tergum dark
chestnut-blue, thickly covered by golden-yellow, silky hair: anus
black, naked: venter black-brown, nearly glabrous, with a few
whitish hairs, the segments pale on their posterior margins: ab-
domen cylindrical, depressed.

Length four-fifths of an inch.

Obs. The nervures of the wings are arranged like those of

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 13

L. ephippium Fabr. Meig. It is an inhabitant of the United
States generally.

Lower left figure. [This reference is evidently wrong, the
upper figure is meant.—LEc. ] }

LAPHRIA DORSATA.—Specific character. Blue-black ; head
and feet with cinereous hair; nervures of the wings widely mar-
gined with fuscous.

Desc. Head black ; anterior orbits with a white line: mystax
einereous ; vibrisse black; stethidium blue-black, with slight
dark cinereous hair; wings, nervures widely margined with fus-
cous, obscuring the anterior part of the wing, and leaving the
middle of the cellules on the inner margin almost hyaline: feet
black, tinged with purplish, and with cinerous hair: poisers
blackish, paler at base: tergum blue-black, with a coppery or
purple gloss.

Obs. It was taken near Philadelphia. The back of the abdo-
men, although of a dark color, in a certain light reflects a brilliant
coppery or purplish tint. The short nervure which terminates at
the apex of the wing, is not only bifid at its origin, as in the
albibarbis Meig., but the upper branch joins the nervure above,
as well as the lower branch joins the nervure below.

Upper figure. [The lower left figure —Lec. ]

NEMOGNATHA. Puare VII.

Generic character. Antennz longer than the thorax, with the
first and third joints nearly equal, the second a little shorter,
terminal one fusiform, abruptly terminated by a short point;
palpi filiform; maxille very much elongated, filiform, curved ;
elytra elongate, linear ; tarsi with entire joints.

Obs. This genus was formed by Illiger for the reception of
such species of the Linnean genus Me/oe, as are distinguished
by the remarkable and striking character of the elongated max-
ill. Fabricius included them in his genus Zonit’s. The max-
illze of these insects have the closest analogy with the spiral
trunk of the Lepidoptera, and every point of comparison induces
the supposition that this organ is applied to the same uses. The
species are found on flowers.

NEMOGNATHA IMMACULATA.—Specific character. Lemon-
yellow, immaculate ; elytra pale yellowish, with scattered punc-

14 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

tures ; maxilla not longer than the thorax, and with the antenne
and palpi black.

Desc. Antenne black, basal joint pale testaceous; eyes, max-
ill, palpi and tips of tarsi, black; elytra irregularly punctured,
naked, polished. .

Obs. It inhabits the plains of Missouri, and was captured by
Mr. Thomas Nuttall, on a species of thistle (Carduus ;) I have
since observed it in some plenty in the same locality. It seems
to be allied to the Zonitis pallida of Fabricius, judging by his
description of that insect.

The smaller figure of the plate denotes the natural size, and
the figures beneath it exhibit magnified representations of some
of the oral organs, Xe.

Fig. 1. Antenna.

Mandible.

Tongue and labium supporting the labial palpi.

. Labial palpus.

. Maxilla with its palpus, verticillate with short hairs-

bo

on oo

XYLOTA. Puatse VIL.

Generic character. Antenne three-jointed, inserted on a frontal
elevation, nutant; third joint suborbicular, compressed, with a
naked seta placed behind the dorsal middle; ocelli three; pro-
boscis with fleshy lips; hypostoma abgve impressed, near the
mouth a little elevated, retuse and subtuberculated ; posterior
thighs dilated, spinous beneath ; onychii two; abdomen with five
segments ; wings incumbent, parallel.

Obs. For this genus we are indebted to Meigen. Linné, Gme-
lin, Degeer, Schrank, and others, referred the species to Musca ;
Fabricius and Panzer to Syrphus and Milesia. In his Systema
Antliatorum Fabricius, with Latreille and Fallén, included them
in the genus Milesia ; and a few species were scattered in the
genera Merodon, Sceva, FKristalis, and Thereva, by several
authors.

The species are found on flowers, and the larva is supposed
to inhabit decaying wood.

XYLOTA QUADRATA.—Specific character. Blackish;_ ter-
gum with four dilated subequal ochraceous spots; posterior
thighs with a prominent angle near the tip.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 15

Desc. Head golden-yellow, black at base of the antennz and
in a line proceeding to the mouth ; hypostoma very slightly in-
dented, carinated; antennz ochraceous; eyes chestnut; thorax
dark brassy; with two cinereous lines confluent before, attenu-
ated behind, and abbreviated behind the middle; an obsolete in-
terrupted line each side over the wings; scutel on the posterior
margin ochraceous ; pleura and pectus with a pale glaucous cover-
ing; feet ochraceous, thighs black at base; posterior pair black-
brassy, their thighs dilated, with spines beneath, placed irregu-
larly ; a prominent projecting angle near the tip; tergum black ;
basal segment on the lateral margin ochraceous ; second segment
with a large subquadrate ochraceous spot each side, approaching
the middle, where it is longer than on the margin, posterior edge
ochraceous; third segment with also a large subquadrate ochra-
ceous spot each side approaching the middle where it is longer

ethan on the margin, it reaches the basal suture, posterior edge
ochraceous ; fourth segment ochraceous at tip; venter yellowish-
white, blackish at tip.

Obs. This specimen is a female, and was captured in Pennsyl-
vania. By its form of body, and the character of the hypostoma,
it approaches the genus Humerus Meig.

The upper right figure of the plate.

[This species belongs to the genus Tropidia Meig.—SackEn.]

XYLOTA EJUNCIDA:—WSpecific character. Blackish; tergum
with four semioval, subequal, ochraceous spots; posterior thighs
rather slender, with two series of black spines beneath.

Desc. Head silvery ; antennz ochraceous ; eyes chestnut; tho-
rax greenish-brassy, with a greyish spot on each side before ;
poisers and scale whitish ; feet whitish, two last joints of the tarsi
black; thighs piceous, with a slight brassy tinge, posterior pair
not remarkably dilated, exterior series of spines nearly equal
from near the base to the tip; posterior tibia piceous at tip; ter-
gum black, with a slight tinge of green; basal segment polished,
immaculate ; second and third segments each with a large semi-
oval ochraceous spot on each side, approaching the middle and
attaining to the lateral edges, but not reaching either the base or
tip of the segment; fourth segment obscure, brassy, polished ;
venter yellowish-white, black at tip.

Obs. The specimen is a male. I caught it on the banks of
the St. John’s river, in East Florida, during a short visit to that

16 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

country, in company with Messrs. Maclure, Ord, and T. Peale.
A specimen, in the collection of Mr. William W. Wood, was
taken near Philadelphia.

The upper left figure.

XYLOTA PROXIMA.—Specific character. Blackish; tergum
about six-spotted; posterior thighs dilated, with a large rufous
spot on the middle.

Desc. Head yellowish-silvery ; vertex black; antennze ochra-
ceous; thorax blackish, two grey oblong-triangular spots on the
anterior margin, connected with a lateral line that extends nearly
to the origin of the wings; poiser and scale whitish ; pleura and
pectus silver-grey ; feet ochraceous; posterior thighs much di-
lated, with a very distinct rufous spot each side, and another at
base, posterior half of the inferior edge more prominent, spines
extending from near the base to the tip ; posterior tibia blackish,
rufous in the middle and at base; tergum black; first segment’
with an ochraceous lateral margin and basal edge; second seg-
ment with a large semioval ochraceous spot each side; third seg-
ment with a small transversely semioblong-oval ochraceous spot
each side at base; fourth segment with a transverse pale ochra-
ceous line each side at base, and posterior margin ; venter yellow-
ish-white, blackish at tip.

Obs. Very common in the neighborhood of Philadelphia, on
flowers. I obtained a variety in Virginia, of which the spots of
the tergum are grayish-glaucous. The two sexes are similar in
color.

It is closely allied to Syrphus pipiens of Fabricius; but the
posterior thighs of that species, if we may rely upon Panzer’s
figure, are widest in the middle, whereas in this species they are
widest near the tip, and the rufous band is on the inside as well
as on the exterior side.

The lower left figure.

[This species is a Syritta, and seems identical with the Euro-
pean S. pipiens Linn.—Sacken. ]

XYLOTA HAMATODES.—Specific character. Brassy-black ; ab-
domen rufous; wings fuliginous.

Milesia heematodes, Fabr. Syst. Antl. p. 193.

Desc. Head black-brown; hypostoma and front, in a certain

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 17

light, silvery ; vertex polished ; thorax brassy-black ; humerus, in
a certain light, silyery : scutel, color of the thorax ; wings fuligi-
nous; pleura and pectus nearly black, polished; feet, anterior
pairs tinged with brownish; posterior thighs much dilated, im-
maculate, spines short; tergum bright rufous, basal segment
with a longitudinal black line at base ; venter paler rufous.

Obs. A native of the Southern States. I obtained two speci-
mens in East Florida, one of which is represented on the annexed
plate. It was first described by Fabricius, in his Systema Ant-
liatorum, from the collection of M. Bosc, but no figure has been
hitherto given of it.

The lower right figure.

CALANDRA. Prats IX.

Generic character. Body elliptic-oval, above somewhat de-
pressed; eyes immersed, oblong, encircling the head beneath :
antennz geniculated, inserted at the base of the rostrum ; rostrum
dilated at the insertion of the antenne; elytra plain, not cover-
ing the anus above; anus acutely prominent; tarsi reflected to

the inner side of the tibia.

Obs. Such of the individuals, as were known to Linné, of al-
most the whole of the vast tribe of insects now distinguished
from the other tribes by the name of Curculionides, were included
by that author in his single genus Curculio. So extremely
numerous were the species, thus combined together, as to offer a
very serious inconvenience to Entomologists. They soon per-
ceived that the continual accessions of species, resulting either
from the more critical and accurate observations of numerous in-
vestigators, or from the contributions of those who were occupied
in the adventurous task of exploring remote and unknown re-
gions, had so far augmented the obstacles already existing, that
the hand of reformation became absolutely necessary. Accord-
ingly Olivier, Herbst, Fabricius, Latreille, Germar, Megerle, and
other distinguished systematists, undertook to separate the
Linnean genus Curculio into numerous smaller assemblages, and
thus to bring this part of the system into a more intimate allianee
with the order observed by nature in the distribution of species.

The labors of these naturalists eventuated in the construction
of more than one hundred additional genera, but the characters

2

18 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

of many of these genera appear to be too obscure, and of others
not sufficiently important to justify their collective adoption. By
far the greater portion of them, however, will probably tend to
the elucidation of this difficult part of the system, and amongst
these may be ranked the genus Calandra of Clairville, distin-
guished by obvious and striking traits.

The history of many species of this group is highly interesting
and important, and we propose to represent, in a future volume,
those that are so destructive to the wheat, rice, and maize.

[The species here described belong to the genus Sphen-
ophorus Sch.—L«Ec. ]

CALANDRA TREDECIM-PUNCTATA.—WNSpecijic character. Above
sanguineous ; five spots on the thorax, four on each elytrum, and
scutel, black; head and all beneath black.
Rynchophorus tredecim-punctatus Herbst. vol. vi. p. 10, pl.
60, fig. 5.

Calandra cribraria Fabr. Syst. Eleut. part 2, p. 454.

Curculio tredecim-punctatus Melsheimer’s Catalogue, p. 28.
No. 597.

Desc. Body punctured, beneath black, with a cinereous shade
in a particular light, and with numerous large punctures; head
black ; rostrum, dilated portion not longer than broad, but more
dilated at tip, and with an impressed longitudinal line; thorax
sanguineous, with five black spots, of which two are orbicular,
and placed on each side, and one is central, fusiform, sometimes
rounded ; scutel black ; elytra sanguineous, with punctured strie,
interstitial lines flat, with dilated punctures; four black spots on
each elytrum, placed 1, 2, 1, the latter largest.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch, exclusive of the rostrum.

Obs. We introduce this familiar insect, and a variety of it,
chiefly for the sake of comparison with another species, which
has many characters in common with it. A slight inspection of
the plate will, however, at once disclose the differences by which
we will always be enabled to distinguish them from each other.

The tredecim-punctata, which does not appear to be injurious
to any useful plant, may be found in considerable numbers on the
milk-weed, or wild cotton (Asclepias syriaca), which is very com-
mon in the neighborhood of Philadelphia, growing on the banks
of streams of water. The insect seems to be a pretty general

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 19

inhabitant of the United States; I have found it in Missouri,
Arkansa, and the North West Territory, as well as in Pennsyl-
vania.

Lower right figure: the line represents the natural size, with
a lateral enlarged view of the head.

CALANDRA TREDECIM-PUNCTATA, Var. Desc. Body punc-
tured; beneath black, with a cinereous shade in a particular
light, and with numerous large punctures; head black; rostrum,
dilated portion longer than broad, but more dilated at tip, and
with a deeply impressed puncture at its base above: thorax san-
guineous, with five black spots, of which two are placed on each
side, the posterior one larger and generally oblique, and one is
central fusiform: scutel black: elytra sanguineous, with punc-
tured striz; interstitial lines flat, with dilated punctures; two
small marginal spots; a large common transverse spot on the
middle, and a common tip consisting of about one-third of the
length of the elytra, black.

The spots of the elytra appear at first view to be formed and
located differently in this from those of the preceding, yet by
dilating the two central elytral spots of the preceding insect trans-
versely, and enlarging the posterior spots in a posterior and
transverse direction, we shall be able to exhibit an arrangement
precisely comforable to that of the present variety.

The spots of the elytra in this variety are subject to some
variations; the transverse spot on the middle of the elytra is
divided into two on one of my specimens; the posterior common
spot is subcordate, being much narrowed behind in another, and
in a third is a black spot on each elytrum, insulated from the com-
mon terminal spot which is much narrowed.

This insect is a native of Missouri and Arkansa, as well as of
the Atlantic States.

The lower left figure ; the natural size is represented by a line,
above which is an enlarged view of the head. .

CALANDRA QUINQUE-PUNCTATA.—Specijic character. Black ;
thorax sanguineous, with five black spots; elytra with a sanguine-
ous exterior submargin.

Desc. Body punctured, beneath black, with a very slight
cincereous reflection in a particular light: rostrum, dilated por-
tion longer then broad, but wider at tip, and with a deeply im-

20 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

pressed puncture at base above: thorax sanguineous, with five
black spots, of which two are on each side, the posterior one
larger, oblique, and generally confluent along the basal margin
with the opposite basal spot, the central spot is dilated and elon-
gated, fusiform: scutel black : elytra black, with punctured strie ;
interstitial lines flat, punctured, penultimate lateral one and ulti-
mate one at base sanguineous: thighs with a dull sanguineons
spot on the middle, obsolete on the posterior pair.

Size of the preceding.

I observed this species to be very abundant on the Southern
Sea Islands of Georgia; many specimens also occurred in Hast
Florida, but I cannot learn that it has ever been taken further
north than that State, neither does it seem to inhabit the western
region.

The upper right figure ; the natural size is exhibited by a line,
above which is an enlarged representation of the head.

CALANDRA COMPRESSIROSTRA.— Specific character. Castane-
ous black; rostrum compressed; a profound frontal puncture ;
thorax with two punctured lines converging to the scutel.

Calandra compressirostra nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences,
vol. iii. p. 319.

Desc. Body dark chestnut-brown, passing into blackish: head
with small distant punctures, larger ones on the base of the
rostrum, which decrease in size to the tip; a profoundly impressed
large puncture between the eyes: rostrum very much compressed,
acutely carinate above: antenna at the tip rufous: thorax with
larger punctures on the side, on the anterior impressed submargin
and on two indented lines which originate each side of the
middle and converge to the suture: elytra with crenate strize;
interstitial lines each with a series of punctures: tibia with a
very robust obtuse spine and sete below the anterior middle.

Obs. This singular species occurred near the Rocky Mountains,
on the banks of the Arkansaw river. It is widely distinct from
either of the preceding species, as well by the much compressed
form of the rostrum, as by the more obvious dissimilarity of
color.

The upper left figure; the natural size is represented by a line,

and an enlarged view of the head and part of the thorax is
added.

a hr a

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 21

- ANTHICUS. Puarte X.

Generic character. Antennz with conic joints, the second and
third nearly equal, terminal one ovate-oblong; labial palpi ter-
minated by a small truncate joint; thorax subcordate, often
strangulated near the middle ; penultimate tarsal joints bilobate ;
nails simple.

Obs. The type of the insects which now constitute the genus
Anthicus of Fabricius, was included by Linné in that of Meloe,
by Geoffroy, Olivier and Iliger in that of Notoxus, and by Mar-
sham in that of Zytta. I formerly adopted Geoffroy’s designa-
tion, but that name has since been adopted by European natural-
ists for a very different species of insects.

[These species belong to notoxus, as now restricted.—L«c. |

ANTHICUS BICOLOR.—Specific character. Blackish, thorax
with a projecting horn, and with the feet testaceous, immaculate.

Desc. Head very dark testaceous ; front and vertex covered by
short incumbent hair of a silky lustre ; eyes black; thorax testa-
ceous, immaculate ; horn obtusely dentate each side, and some-
what bicarinate above; scutel small, black; elytra purplish-
black; breast and abdomen testaceous, sericeous; body with short
incumbent hair; feet naked.

Obs. In the forests of New Jersey, I have found this little in-
sect in the month of June, on the leaves of the hickory (Juglans
tomentosa Michaux), and of some other plants. The Rev. John
F. Melsheimer, an able Entomologist, informed me that he ob-
tained many specimens from the garden carrot. This species is
allied to the Notoxus serricornis of Panzer, fascicle 52, pl. 17.

The upper figures of the plate, of which the smaller one indi-
cates the natural size.

ANTHICUS MONODON Fabr.— Specijic character. Testaceous ;
elytra with a black band and spots.

Anthicus monodon Fabr. Syst. Eleut. i, p. 2

Desc. Body above hairy; head with the vertex silky ; eyes
fuscous ; thorax with a lateral obscure spot; horn obtusely den-
tate each side; scutel small; elytra with a black band on the
middle ; each marked by two black spots at the base, of which
one is near the scutel, and the other on the humerus; a black
obsolete one near the tip; abdomen silky.

o2)
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bo
bo

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Obs. Not uncommon. I have found it in June, on the oak
and other forest trees ; it very much resembles Anthicus. mono-
ceros, of which Marsham observes, “Thorax recta antrorsum
exiens in cornu nigricans ultra caput extensum, unde veré mon-
strosa et insectis insolita facies.” A. monodon was first described
by Fabricius, but it has not been hitherto figured.

Lower figures, of which the smaller indicates the natural size.

SYRPHUS. Puarte XI.

Generic character. Antenne separate at base, shorter than the
head, advanced, nutant, triarticulate; third joint orbicular or
oval, compressed, with a seta near the dorsal base ; hypostoma
tuberculated, but not very remarkably prominent; feet simple
and slender ; wings incumbent parallel, central transverse nervure
placed almost perpendicularly.

Obs. This genus was included by Linné in his comprehensive
genus Musca. In the Systema Antliatorum, Fabricius con-
structed a separate genus under the name of Scxva, for the re-
ception of many insects that he had formerly placed in his genus
Syrphus. But it is now ascertained that nearly or quite all the
species retained in the latter belong to other genera, and par-
ticularly to those of Volucella and Sericomyia. The name Syr-
phus being therefore disengaged, has been very properly restored
to its old species, and, as far as I can learn, the name of Scxva
is rejected by Meigen. Consequently, the nine new species which
[ described in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences
(vol. i. p. 88,) under the name of Sceva, must now be consi-
dered as belonging to the genus Syrphus. As it now stands, this
genus is closely allied to Mi/esia. Not one of our numerous spe-
cies was known to Fabricius.

The larvee feed on Aphides or Plant-lice ; the body is in the
shape of an unequal cone, large behind, attenuated to a point be-
fore, and destitute of distinct feet. In order to suck out the
Juices of their victims, they raise it from the surface of the plant
on which they rest. When about to enter the pupa state, they
attach themselves by a glutinous secretion to a fixed object, the
body contracts, and the anterior portion, which was previously
attenuated, becomes the most dilated part.

SYRPHUS CYLINDRICUS.—Specific character. Blackish, ya-

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 23

ried with yellow ; abdomen, excepting the base of the tergum,
yellow-ferruginous.

Desc.—Male. Head yellowish-white, somewhat silvery, pol-
ished ; antennz more deeply tinged with yellow ; tubercle of the
hypostoma a little dusky at tip; eyes chestnut; thorax dark
greenish-olivaceous, spot before the wings and scutel, yellow;
pleura black with yellow spots; pectus black; feet, including
the coxz, pale yellow; tergum yellowish-ferruginous; first seg-
ment and base of the second black; tip of the second segment
either dull ferruginous or blackish ; third segment dull yellow,
somewhat ferruginous at base and tip; venter yellow at base, fer-
ruginous towards the tip.

Obs. I have seen but two specimens, which are both males,
taken near Philadelphia. In form of body it resembles the WS.
scalaris, Fabr., and teniatus, Meig., of Europe.

The upper figure of the plate.

[Belongs to the genus Sphxrophoria Macq.—SackEn. |

SYRPHUS oBSCURUS.— Specific character. Blackish-green ;
tergum with lateral full cupreous triangles.

Desc.— Male. Head metallic black, tinged with green ; antennae,
third joint dull testaceous ; stethidium entirely blackish-green,
polished, immaculate ; feet dull testaceous, thighs blackish at
base; tergum velvet-black, slightly tinged with green; second
seement with a dull coppery semioval spot on the middle of the
lateral margin, extending on the edge to the base and tip; third
and fourth segments each with a large dull coppery triangular
spot on each side at base, approaching closely towards each other
on the basal margin, and extending on the lateral edge nearly to
the tip; an obsolete, longitudinal, central, dull coppery line,
widely out spread on the posterior margin, so as to attain to the
posterior angles; venter purplish or dusky, highly polished.

Obs. Of this also I have seen but two specimens, both of which
are males; one was taken near Philadelphia, and the other at
Chinquoteage, Virginia.

The lower figure of the plate.

SYRPHUS OBLIQUUS.— Specific character. Thorax green-
bronze, with a yellow dot before the wings; tergum bounded
and spotted with yellow.

Sczva obliqua nobis. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. iii. p. 89.

24 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Desc. Head yellow, a dusky line above the antenna ; orbits
yellow to the vertex ; antennze blackish on the superior edge:
thorax dark green-bronze ; a yellow spot before the wings; scu-
tel bright yellow; feet whitish ; anterior tibia and tarsi a little
dilated, the latter with short joints; posterior thighs with one
obsolete band, their tibia two banded; extremity of all the tarsi
dusky ; tergum black ; first segment with a yellow basal edge;
second segment with a band at base, interrupted into two oblong
triangles, and a broader one on its middle, yellow ; third segment
with one arquated band; fourth and fifth segments each with an
oblique oblong-oval spot each side, and two longitudinal lines on
the middle, yellow.

Variety g. Band of the third segment of the tergum inter-
rupted into four small spots.

Obs. A very pretty insect, not uncommon in gardens on flowers,
leaves, &c. The sexes are alike in color and markings.

The left figure of the plate. (This figure represents the
variety. )

SyrpHus poutirus.—NSpecific character. Thorax with a yel-
low line each side, and a cinereous dorsal one; tergum with yel-
low bands and quadrate spots. .

Sczeva polita nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. iii. p. 88.

Desc. Head yellow, above the antennz dusky silvery; thorax
somewhat olivaceous, a yellow line above the wings, and a dorsal
cinereous one ; scutel dusky yellowish, with a paler margin; feet
whitish ; tergum black; basal segment with the basal and lateral
edges yellow; second segment with a transverse yellow band on
the middle; third and fourth segments with a band and longi-
tudinal line, each side of which latter is'a large, transverse, sub-
triangular yellow spot, yellow; fifth segment with the yellow
spots and base, but destitute of the longitudinal line.

Obs. This species, like the preceding, is very agreeably orna-
mented with the yellow lines and spots that characterize it, and
like that species it is not unfrequent, yet I have but two imper-
fect specimens, wihch are both females.

The right figure of the plate.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 25

SMERINTHUS. Prats XII.

Generic character. Tongue very short; antennz serrate ;
palpi contiguous, short, terminal joint tuberculiform, very short ;
anterior wings angulated ; anus simple.

Obs. Latreille constructed this genus to receive such Linnzan
Sphinges as have a very short or indistinct tongue. The spe-
cies, although closely allied to those of the genus from which
they were separated, are yet distinguishable by their form of
body and habits of life. They are short, robust, and generally
remarkable by a handsome display of colors. They are never
seen to shoot, like meteors through the air, from flower to flower,
balancing the body at each, in order to extract sweets from the
nectary, but, unlike the Sphinx and humming-bird, their flight
is heavy and reluctant, and they receive food only in the state of
repose.

The larve are generally elongated, with lateral, oblique,
colored lines, and a prominent horn on the upper part of the pos-
terior extremity of the body. They feed on leaves, and undergo
their change to the pupa state in the earth, without the care of
constructing any regular coccoon.

SMERINTHUS GEMINATUS.—Specific character. Inner angle
of the posterior wings with a large black spot, in which are two
blue spots.

Desc. Head tinged with ferruginous before ; vertex white ; an-
tenn whitish, pectens brown ; thorax whitish, with a dark brown
disk rounded before and gradually dilating behind; superior
wings varied with brown and cinereous; a dark semi-oval spot
at the tip is obvious and remarkable; inferior wings yellowish,
with a red disk, and a large deep black spot of a similar shape
to that of the thorax, including two blue spots.

Obs. Closely allied to the ocellata of Europe, and to the myops
and excaecata of our own country; but it may be distinguished
from either by the double blue spot in the black patch on the pos-
terior wings. The excaecata I have not seen, and have therefore
to rely on Abbot’s drawing of that insect, as given by Smith in
his splendid work, the ‘“ Lepidopterous Insects of Georgia,”
where it is represented with a single large blue spot, in the place
of the two that exist on each posterior wing of the present spe-

26 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

cies. These two spots seem to be constant as well as common to
both sexes.
The plate represents two views of the natural size.

LEPTIS. Puate XIII.

Generic character. Antennee short, approximate, at base, tri-
articulate ; basal joint cylindric ; second cyathiform; third conic,
not annulated, and terminated by a long seta; stemmata three,
Situated on the vertex; proboscis and palpi exserted, the latter
pilose, with its second articulation elongated; wings divaricated ;
halteres naked ; onychii three ; abdomen consisting of seven seg-
ments.

Obs. The species were arranged by Linné in his genus Musca.
Fabricius, Meigen and Latreille, in their earlier works, removed
them from Musca, to form a distinct group, to which they ap-
plied the name of Rhagio, including, as it then stood, some spe-
cies that have been since separated, and now stand under the
name of Atheriz. Those authors, in their subsequent publica-
tions, finding that the appellation of hagio presented the incon-
venience of a collision with that of a Coleopterous genus (Rha-
gium), united in rejecting the word, and supplied its place with
that of Leptis, which I have adopted.

Some of the species are common; they are predaceous; the
larvee are cylindrical, apodal, with a small horny head, and live
in the earth.

Lepris ORNATA.—Specijic character. Velvet-black; thorax
and abdominal bands with whitish hair; wings hyaline; feet
white.

Leptis ornata nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. ili. p. 54.

Desc. Hypostoma and front with silvery white hair; thorax,
particularly on its lateral margins, with silvery hair very slightly
tinted with yellow; pleura, pectus and cox black ; feet pale yel-

lowish ; tarsi, except at base, fuscous; poisers pale yellow; ter-.

gum on the basal segment nearly covered with silvery hair; re-
maining segments each with a silvery band behind, occupying
nearly one half of its length, and interrupted in the middle ;
venter immaculate.

Obs. 'The specimen is a male. The species is an inhabitant
of Pennsylvania, and probably also of several of the neighboring
States. It is very closely allied to the thoracica of Fabricius,

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 27

with which it has probably been hitherto confounded ; but it dif-
fers from that beautiful species by its pellucid wings, pale tibia,
broader bands of the tergum, color of the thoracic hair, and by
having silvery hair on the hypostoma and front. It belongs to
the second division of the genus, in which the palpi are cylindri-
eal, or slightly clavate and recurved.

The upper left figure of the plate.

[Belongs to the genus Chrysopila Macq.—SAckEn. ]

LEPTIS ALBICORNIS.—ASpecisic character. Pale testaceous ;
tergum with a dorsal series of black spots; wings spotted and
tipped with fuscous.

Leptis albicornis nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. iii. p. 38.

Desc. Body above rufo-yellowish ; hypostoma chestnut ; antenna
' yellowish-white; seta black; palpi and rostrum white; cheeks
somewhat glaucous, with whitish air; thorax three or five lined
with black, the three intermediate lines being obsoletely separate ;
scutel immaculate ; wings hyaline, costal margin tinged with yel-
lowish ; nervures, particularly those of the inner margin, those that
are transverse, stigmata and tip of the wing margined with fus-
cous, more obyious and dilated at tip of the wing, and on each
side of those transverse nervures that are beyond the middle;
tergum with a large rounded black spot on each segment, and a
black line on the lateral edge.

Obs. Very closely allied to D. scolopacea Fabricius, of Europe,
but it differs from that insect in several particulars, as in the
color of the antenne, stethidium, feet, &e. The specimen is a
male. ;

The upper right figure.

nd

LEPTIS VERTEBRATA.— Specific character. Pale testaceous ;
tergum with a dorsal series of black spots; wings immaculate.

Leptis vertebrata nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. iii. p. 38.
_ Desc. Head black: terminal joint of the antenne, excepting
the seta and palpi, pale; stethidium blackish (in the female, pale
testaceous, with obscure lineations:) thorax with two obsolete
cinereous lines, and a pale humeral spot: scutel and poisers pale-
yellowish: wings ‘hyaline, costal margin tinged with testaceous,
nervures brown ; feet pale testaceous, coxe, tarsi, half of the pos-
terior thighs, and posterior tibia, black, (coxe of the female
color of the stethidium:) tergum yellowish, segments each with

28 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

a fuscous or blackish spot above, and a line on the lateral edge ;
the dorsal spots of the posterior segments are extended into
bands: venter blackish on the terminal joints.

Obs. This species, as well as the albicornis, belongs to Mei-
gen’s first division of the genus, in which the palpi are elongate-
conic, and incumbent on the proboscis. It resembles the adbi-
cornis, but the wings are immaculate, Xe.

The lower left figure.

Lupris FASCIATA.— Specific character. Velvet-black ; thorax
with golden-yellow hair ; tergum fasciate with white ; wings hya-
line with a large brown stigma.

Leptis fasciata nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sei., vol. iii.p. 37.

Desc. The fundamental color of the thorax is the same with
that of the other parts of the body; hypostoma in a particular
light cinereous; pleura and pectus dark lurid; poisers fuscous,
seapus whitish ; wing nervures brown, stigma rather large, brown
and distinct ; tergum on the posterior margin of each segment
banded with yellowish ; venter immaculate ; feet whitish, thighs
reddish-brown towards their bases, tarsi dusky at tip.

Obs. Inhabits Pennsylvania. The nervures of the wings are
arranged as in Meigen’s second division, and the insect has
much the appearance in miniature of L. thoracica of Fabricius.

The lower right figure.

[ Belongs to the genus Chrysopila Macq.—SackeEn. |

BERYTUS. Prats XIV.

Generic character. Antenne four-jointed, filiform, elongated,
geniculated in the middle, inserted above a line drawn from the
eyes to the base of the labrum; first joint very long, clavate at
tip ; second and third joints intimately connected so as to appear
as one ; last joint short and oval; body filiform; feet elongated,
thighs clavate.

Obs. This is one of the many genera that have been very
properly separated from the Linnean Cimex by Fabricius under
the name I have adopted, and under that of Metdes by Latreille.
It is very distinct in appearance from either of its neighboring
genera, and is remarkable for its slender form of body and limbs.

BERYTUS SPINOSUS.—WSpecific character. Obscure reddish-
brown ; terminal joint of the antenne fuscous; thorax punc-
tured ; a strong spine before the posterior feet.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 29

Dese. Antenne longer than the body, terminal joint fuscous,
yellowish at base and tip: eyes black: stemmata sanguineous,
distant, placed very far back, almost lateral: clypeus produced,
conic ; rostrum as long as thorax, inflected, and placed in a groove
beneath : thorax gibbous behind, punctures large and crowded :
scutel with an elevated spine : elytra nervous, with a black costal
spot near the tip: posterior feet longest; a spine each side as
thick as the thighs, originating before the posterior coxe, curving
upward above the elytra, and abruptly attenuated near the tip :
abdomen depressed, fusiform, margined ; margin paler.

Obs. Of this genus Fabricius has described two species, of
which the t/pularius appears to be very like this insect—at least
as far as I can judge from description, having no opportunity to
consult a figure of either insect of the genus. One specimen in
my cabinet has the antenne rather shorter, and on the thorax are
three lines a little elevated, one of which is dorsal and two mar-
ginal, with a two-lobed raised transverse spot before: this may
be a sexual variety, or possibly a distinct species ; but, for want
of sufficient knowledge of them, I will not, at present, incur the
responsibility of separating them.

The smaller figure in the plate denotes the natural size.

PELECINUS. Puarte XV.

Generic character. Antenne with not more than fourteen
joints; tongue trifid ; neck not apparent; posterior tibze clavate ;
abdomen slender, elongated, filiform, inserted at the posterior and
inferior extremity of the metathorax.

PELECINUS POLYCERATOR Drury.— Specific character. Black ;
antenne with a white annulus; posterior tibia sericeous on the
inside.

Ichneumon polyturator Drury, vol. ii. pl. 40, fig. 4.

Pelecinus polycerator Fabr., Latr.

Desc. Head with a compressed, elevated scale-like tooth at the
inner base of each antenna: antennz, tenth joint and half of the
ninth joint white: wings, nervures and costal margin fuscous:
feet, two anterior pairs blackish-piceous ; posterior pair black,
polished, the tibia much dilated at tip and much dilated on the
inner side, the tarsi piceous.

30 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Obs. A truly singular insect, not uncommon in various parts
of the United States. Its flight is slow and awkward, and when
taken it endeavors to force the point of the abdomen through the
skin of the hand, but its strength not adequate to the task. The
whole abdomen resembles a much elongated pedicle, from which
the abdomen itself, or dilated portion, has been accidently re-
moved.

The plate exhibits two views of the insect, natural size, and a
wing somewhat magnified, to show the arrangement of the ner-
vures.

BLAS Bean, SOE

Generic character. Mentum small, or moderately large, quad-
rate or orbicular; palpi terminated by a larger joint; terminal
joint of the maxillary palpi securiform ; mandibles naked to their
base; clypeus terminated by a straight line ; labrum transverse ;
antennze moniliform at tip, third joint much larger than the
fourth ; back flat; thorax almost quadrate ; elytra acute at tip.

[These species belong to the genus Hleodes.—LEc. ]

BLAPS SUTURALIS.— Specific character. Blackish ; elytra sca-
brous, grooved, reddish-brown, punctured ; lateral thoracic mar-
gin reflected.

Blaps suturalis nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. it. p. 257.

Desc. Body black-brown, punctured: antennee, third joint
ionger than the fourth and fifth conjointly ; fourth, fifth, sixth
and seventh equal obconico-cylindric ; eighth obconic-orbicular,
shorter than the preceding ; remaining joints nearly equal to the
eighth, globose ; the terminal one somewhat conic-compressed :
labrum prominent, emarginate, and with very short yellow hairs
at tip: thorax transverse-quadrate ; edge deeply concave before;
lateral margin dilated, reflected ; lateral edge regularly arquated,
slightly excurved at base ; posterior edge slightly flexuose, nearly
rectilinear ; angles acute, anterior ones with a small excurved
point ; punctures of the disk acute, distant ; two obsolete indented
spots behind the middle: scutel impunctured, distinct, acute :
elytra with seven grooves, the four sutural ones each with a
single series of elevated points, remaining grooves with numerous
points ; a series of points on each of the interstitial lines ; lateral
edge reflected, slightly elevated, acute ; a sutural, common, red-
dish-brown margin : epipleura scabrous and punctured, with four

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 31

or five obsolete impressed strie: feet scabrous, anterior thighs
slightly dilated beneath before the tip into an obtuse angle.

Length one inch nearly.

Obs. During the progress of Major Long’s expedition up the
Missouri, that enterprising and excellent officer entrusted me
with the direction of a small party of thirteen persons, destined
to explore the country on the south side of that extended river.
After encountering many obstacles and privations which it is
unnecessary to enumerate, the party arrived at the village of the
Konza Indians, hungry, fatigued, and out of health. Commise-
rating our situation, these sons of nature, although suffering
under the injustice of white people, received us with their
characteristic hospitality, and ameliorated our condition by the
luxuries of repletion and repose. Whilst sitting in the large
earth-covered dwelling of the principal chief, in presence of seve-
ral hundred of his people, assembled to view the arms, equip-
ments, and appearance of the party, I enjoyed the additional
gratification to see an individual of this fine species of Blaps
running towards us from the feet of the crowd. The act of em-
paling this unlucky fugitive at once conferred upon me the
respectful and mystic title of “medicine man,” from the super-
stitious faith of that simple people.

On the subsequent journey towards the Rocky Mountains,
several specimens occurred, together with other insects of the
same classical division, till then unknowa.

The upper right figure.

Buaps acuTa.—Specific character. Blackish; elytra sca-
brous, grooved; dilated sutural margin reddish-brown ; exterior
edge acute; thoracic margin not reflected.

Blaps acuta nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sei. vol. iii. p. 258.

Desc. Body blackish, punctured: head with larger punctures
than those of the thorax: antennz as in the preceding species:
labrum prominent, emarginate, with short yellow hairs at tip:
thorax subquadrate: anterior edge concave; punctures minute,
separate; lateral margin not reflected; lateral edge regularly
arquated, a little excurved at base; posterior edge nearly rectili-
near: scutel impunctured: elytra grooved: the four sutural
grooves with a single series of elevated points; interstitial lines
with about one series of distant punctures; sutural margin

32 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

obsoletely reddish-brown ; exterior edge acute: epipleura obso-
letely grooved, scabrous, punctured, and from the base to near
the middle tinged with reddish-brown: anterior thighs dilated,
and armed with a prominent spine near the tip.

Length nearly one inch and one-fifth.

The gradually recurved form of the lateral margin of the
thorax in the preceding species, gives to the whole thorax a
somewhat concave appearance, notwithstanding the convexity of
the disk. In this conformation the present insect is obviously
distinct, although very similar as respects general color, the form
of the elytra, feet, and abdomen. The thorax here exhibits a
regular convexity, which gradually subsides towards the lateral
edges. This species occurred-in Missouri, near Council Bluff.

The upper left figure.

BLAPS OBSCURA.—WNSpecijic character. Blackish: elytra sca-
brous, grooved, dark reddish-brown, margin rounded, thoracic
margin not reflected.

Blaps obscura nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 250.

Desc. This species resembles the preceding, but the thorax is
proportionally longer, the elytra are of a dull reddish-brown
color, approaching to piceous, and the lateral margin is rounded
so as to exhibit no edge.

Length more than one inch.

Obs. I obtained this insect in the country bordering the river
Platte, within a hundred miles of the Rocky Mountains.

The lower left figure.

BLAPS HISPILABRIS.— Specific character. Blackish; elytra
scabrous, grooved; sutural margin obsoletely reddish-brown ;
labrum with black, rigid hairs.

Blaps hispilabris nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 259.

Desc. In form of the elytra, their lateral curve, rotundity of
edge, sculpture and color, this species resembles the obscura ; but
the anterior angles of the thorax are distinctly excurved and
acute, the posterior angles viewed from above exhibit no excurva-
ture; the scutel is proportionally smaller and more rounded, and
the labrum is distinctly armed with many black rigid hairs ex-
tending forward, and projecting beyond the extremity of the
labrum.

Length more than four-fifths of an inch.

Inhabits Missouri.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 33

The lower right figure; the figure near the bottom of the
plate is a magnified representation of an antenna.

ARGYNNIS. Prate XVII.

Papinio Linn.

Generic character. Antenne terminated bya short club; palpi
divaricating, second joint compressed, broad, hairy; third joint
terminating abruptly by ashort, slender, acute joint : inferior wings
suborbicular; anterior feet short, feeble: tarsi with double nails.

Obs. Many species of this genus are beautifully decorated with
spots on the lower surface of the inferior wings, resplendent with
all the brillianey of polished silver, or rivalling the milder, but
not less attractive lustre, of precious opal. The superior surface
of the wings is varied with red or orange, agreeably relieved by
spots or lines of black or brown. The larva or caterpillar is
armed with spines, and the pupa or chrysalis attaches itself by
the tail to a fixed object, in order to pass its destined period of
quiescent preparation, for its change to the perfect, adult or
butterfly state.

Linné included the species in his genus Papilio, but Fabricius
separated them as a distinct group under the name we have here
adopted.

ArGyNNIS Diana Cramer.— Specific character. Wings above
black-brown, with a very broad fulvous exterior margin, in
which are a few blackish spots and nervures.

Papilio Diana Cramer, Ins. vol. ii. p. 4. pl. 98, fig. D. E.

Le P. Diane Encycl. Method. Insectes, pl. 35, f. 2.

Desc. Body above black-brown: vertex, and anterior sides of
the thorax, ferruginous: wings on the basal two-thirds blackish-
brown: the outer third pale fulvous, on the superior wings
divided by blackish-brown margined nervures, and marked by
two distant series of dots of a similar color, the exterior of which
is obsolete; on the margin of the inferior wings the two series
of dots are hardly to be traced: beneath, on the superior wings,
the blackish-brown basal portion has from six to eight ochraceous
spots, of which the external ones are longitudinal, and those
nearer the base are nearly transverse : intervening between these
two sets of spots, are two opalescent spots, placed transversly,
and sometimes confluent ; exterior third of the wing ochraceous,

3

34 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

deeper towards the anterior angle, and with two distinct fuscous
spots ; inferior wings, on the basal two-thirds reddish-brown, with
two small distant silvery spots on the anterior margin, and a series
of obsolete dull silvery lines behind the middle ; exterior third of
these wings ochraceous, with a marginal series of seven short sil-
very lines.

Obs. The present species, though not remarkable for any supe-
rior gaiety of coloring, interests by the simple contrast of black-
ish and pale orange colors, of its superior surface, as well as by
the rows of slender silvery lines which decorate the under page
of its inferior wings. vi

I have taken this insect in Georgia, East Florida, Arkansaw,
and Missouri, but have not yet met with it in Pennsylvania.
Cramer described his specimen, in the collection of Mr. J. C.
Sylvius Van Lennep, and states it to have been taken in Virginia.
He has applied to it the terrestial name of the daughter of
Jupiter and Latona, and the twin sister of Apollo, in pursuance
of the example of Linné, who thus endeavored to connect Ento-
mology with Mythology and the civil history of antiquity.

The plate represents two views of this species, beneath which
is an enlarged palpus.

CICINDELA. Prats XVIII.

Generic character. Antennee filiform; clypeus shorter than
the labrum; maxillee monodactyle, with two very distinct palpi,
of which the exterior one is nearly equal to the labial palpi,
penultimate joint of the latter hairy ; mentum trifid, the divisions
nearly equal in length; feet slender, elongated; anterior tibia
without a sinus near the tip.

Obs. A very natural and interesting group of insects. Many
species inhabit this country, the more common of which, such as
the vulgaris, sex-guttata and punctulata, are familiar to most per-
sons who delight in rural scenery. They inhabit arid situations,
run and fly swiftly, and live upon prey, which they seize by means
of their somewhat elongated and very acute mandibles.

CICINDELA DECEMNOTATA.— Specific character. Green, above
tinged with cupreous; elytra margined with bright green or
bluish ; four white spots and an intermediate refracted band.

Desc. Labrum three-toothed, white: mandibles black, base

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 35

white: elytra with a white spot on the shoulder, another equi-
distant from the first and the band: band broad, arising from the
middle of the margin, refracted at the centre of the elytrum,
and terminated near the suture ina line with the tip of the third
spot; this spot is large, orbicular, and placed near the external
tip of the terminal one, which is transverse and triangular : body
beneath green: trochanters and tail purple.

Obs. The specimen from which this description and the
annexed representation were taken, is a female, the only one I
have seen: it was caught by Mr. Nuitall, on the sandy alluvions
of the Missouri, above the confluence of the river Platte.

Upper figure of the plate.

[This species is unknown to me; it resembles the green vari-
eties of C. purpurea, but differs by the middle fascia of the elytra
being more suddenly bent, and more prolonged behind.—Lxc.]

CICINDELA FORMOSA.—ASpecific character. Red cupreous,
brilliant; elytra with a three branched, broad white margin.

Desc. Front hairy: labrum large, three-toothed: elytra with a
broad white border, anterior and posterior branches short, inter-
mediate one flexuous, nearly reaching the suture; edge of the
elytra green; body beneath green or purple-blue, very hairy:
thighs blue, tibia green.

Length seven-tenths, breadth one-fourth of an inch.

Obs. A beautiful species; it was captured by Mr. Thomas
Nuttall, on the sandy alluvions of the Missouri river, above the
confluence of the Platte.

Lower figure of the plate.

JEGERIA.

Generic character. Antenne fusciform [fusiform?] ; palpi long,
separate, covered with long scales or porrected hair ; wings hori-
zontal in repose ; abdomen bearded at tip.

Obs. Fabricius formed this genus for the reception of such spe-
cies of the genus Sesia, as have the palpi prominent, distinct, and
covered by elongated scales. As Sesia now stands, it differs from
the present, by the short palpi, which are covered by short, close-
set scales; and their terminal joint is very short, tuberculiform ;
Lamarck, however, applies the name Sesia to the present genus.

The wings in the various species of geria are chiefly trans-

36 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

parent, and the body being slender, with colored bands in some of
the species, they have much the appearance of bees and wasps ;
whence the names apiformis, vespiformis, crabroniformis, &c.,
which have been applied in this genus. Degeer, in his history
of one of the species, observes, “the first time that I saw it, I
hesitated to take it with my naked hand, believing I had found a

wasp.”

AQGERIA EXITIOSA.—Desc. Male. Body steel-blue; antennz
ciliated on the inner side, black, with a tinge of blue; palpi be-
neath, yellow ; head with a band at base, both above and beneath,
pale yellow; eyes black-brown ; thorax with two pale yellow lon-
gitudinal lines, and a transverse one behind, interrupted above,
and a spot of the same color, beneath the origin of the wings;
wings hyaline, nervures and margin steel-blue, which is more di-
lated on the costal margin, and on the anastomosing band of the
superior wings ; feet steel blue, the coxee, two bands on the tibiee
including the spines, incisures of the posterior tarsi, and anterior
tarsi behind, pale yellow; abdomen with two very narrow pale
yellow bands, one of which is near the base, and the other on the
middle ; tail fringed, the fringe margined with white each side.

Female. Body very dark steel-blue, with a tinge of purple;
antenne destitute of ciliz ; palpi beneath, black; thorax imma-
culate ; superior wings steel-blue, without any hyaline spot; in-
ferior wings hyaline, with an opaque margin and longitudinal
line ; the latter and the costal margin are dilated; tergum with
the fifth segment bright reddish-fulvous.

Pupa with two semifasciz of spines upon each of the seg-
ments, excepting the three terminal ones, which have a single
row only.

Follicle brown, oblong-oval, composed of small pieces of bark
and earth, closely connected together by the web of the animal.

Aigeria exitiosa nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat., Sci, vol. ili. p. 216.

Obs. This insect has been for years the cause of great solicitude
and regret to all the lovers of fine fruit. Our readers will ac-
knowledge the fact, when we inform them, that small as it is, it
is no other than the silent, insidious destroyer of the peach-tree.

The sexes are so remarkably different from each other, that we
should hesitate in yielding our assent to their specific unity, if
we were not apprised of the circumstance, that the sexes of many

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 87

of the species are very unlike each other. In the present in-
stance, the difference is so great, as to render it difficult to con-
struct a good common specific character.

We are indebted to Mr. James Worth, a zealous and careful
observer, for the principal part of the accurate information which
we possess relative to this formidable insect. The following ob-
servations are extracted from a valuable essay, by that gentleman,
published in the volume quoted above.

The egg deposited on the side of a glass tumbler, was oblong-
oval, dull yellow, and so small as to be only just discernible by
the naked eye. Excepting in a state of confinement, he never
saw the female at rest, but in one instance, when she was perched
on a leaf, which may possibly be the usual place of deposit,
though he is inclined to believe that it is made on some part of
the trunk of the tree. The larva is of a white color, the head
being reddish-brown. It is somewhat difficult to ascertain the
early movements of the larva, in consequence of its small size ;
but its destructive career certainly commences about the last of
September, or early in October, by its entering the tree probably
through the tender bark under the surface of the soil; after hay-
ing passed through the bark, it proceeds downwards into the root,
and finally turns its course towards the surface, where it arrives
about the commencement of the succeeding July.

Having attained to its full growth, the larva enters the pupa
state, between the first and middle of July ; enveloped in its fol-
licle, it may then be readily discovered close to the trunk, sur-
rounded by the gum which oozes from the wound. The pupa
state continues from the tenth of July to the latter part of that
month, or beginning of August.

Mr. Worth examined his fruit trees on the tenth of July, when
he obtained twenty follicles, and about thirty larve ; of the folli-
cles, four were empty, the insect haying assumed the wing state.
The larve had all arrived near the surface of the ground, for the
purpose of undergoing their great change.

Against the depredations of this insect, many supposed reme-
dies have been prescribed, such as the application of hot water,
tanner’s bark, and flower of sulphur, to the root of the tree, and
soft soap and lime-wash to the trunk; but it is obvious, that no
application of this kind can injure the insect, without coming in

38 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

contact with it whilst it remains in the egg, or infantile state, on
the outside of the tree, for after having penetrated to the interior,
no superficial application can effect it. The various substances
placed around the root of the tree, such as ashes and sand, the un-
covering of its base during winter, and covering again for the
summer, are also pronounced by Mr. Worth, from his experience,
to be inefficient and even injurious to the health of the tree.

“The best plan of guarding against the ravages of the insect,
which I have found, is to examine the trees early in the month
of July; take a bricklayer’s trowel, and opening the ground
around the trunk, the lodgment of the insect will at once be dis-
covered, by the appearance of gum, and it can readily be de-
stroyed ; one person can thus examine more than a hundred trees
in less than half a day, and very few, if any, of the insects will
escape. But in order the more effectually to destroy them, I
would advise, that from the first to the middle of August, some
swingling tow, a piece of hairy hide, (the hair inside, but turned
over at top,) or some other coarse thing of six or more inches in
width, be tied close around the trunk of the tree, the under edge
to be a little covered with earth, so as to prevent any passage be-
neath ; about the middle of September remove the bandage, and
immediately give the whole trunk of the tree a covering of soft
soap or lime-wash, well brushed on, that no spot from the head
to the root may remain untouched. Perhaps a decoction of to-
bacco, or some other wash, might do better ; even hot water would
be effectual, where the tree was sufficiently hardy to bear the ap-
plication ; or it may be, that the wash would answer the purpose
without the bandage, but where the bandage is dispensed with,
the wash ought, I think, to be applied about the first of Septem-
ber, or I should have great confidence in a bandage of tobacco
leaves or stems ; it should be kept on from the first of August to
November, and could dono damage by being continued, provided
it was not tied so close as to cramp the growth of the tree.

“‘ But there are causes of decline other than that of the insect,
and the principal one is the not stirring of the ground ; I appre-
hend, that the disease called ‘yellows’ is often thus occasioned.
Last year my peach orchard was considerably affected; and the
ground had not been ploughed for three years, and had become
quite covered with grass. In the spring of the current year I

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 39

had it well broken up, and kept clean during the summer; the
trees soon assumed a healthy appearance, and furnished a plenti-
ful supply of fine fruit, and the whole orchard is now in the most
flourishing condition, and I believe there will be no difficulty in
keeping it in that state.’

But my friend Mr. J. Gilliams, has certainly derived great
advantage from the use of the cinders of the common anthracite,
which is now so generally introduced as a fuel ; he opens a small
basin around the trunk of the tree, and fills it with the cinders ;
he informs me that the trees thus treated, have assumed a more
healthy appearance than others, and they are not at all infested

_ by this destructive insect.

In Mr. Skinner’s very useful paper, the American Farmer,
(vol. vi. p. 14,) are a few highly important remarks on this sub-
ject, by Mr. William Shotwell, of which the following is an ex-
tract: “TI cleaned a number of trees, and puta coat of lime
mortar, about half an inch thick round the body, then drew the
earth up to it. These trees are now perfectly healthy, and there
has not been the sign of a worm about them since, although it
was five years past that the experiment was made. I have since
tried the same on a great number of trees with equal success.”

In the same work (vol. vi. p. 37,) are some interesting
observations on the preservation of peach-trees, by Mr. Evan
Thomas, Jr., from which we gather the following information.
On removing the earth from about the roots of some trees
of a sickly appearance, he observed a considerable quantity
of gum that had exuded from several minute apertures of
the trunk; on opening these carefully with a knife, the larve
were discovered. They were about one inch long, of a cream
color, the head somewhat depressed, chestnut-brown. “They
had perforated the bark about one inch below the surface
of the earth, and were devouring voraciously, both the alburnum
and liber, leaving the cortex and epidermis as a covering and de-
fence.” Having destroyed these depredators, Mr. Thomas ap-
plied Forsythe’s healing composition to the wounds, with the
expectation that it would not only exhibit its usual efficacy, but
that it would also prevent the access of a new colony of the
enemy. In this, however, he was disappointed, for on examining
the same trees again, at the expiration of about six weeks, he

40 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

found that a new deposit had been made, and that the young
worms were then devouring what their predecessors had left. This
fact exhibited the inefficacy of the practice of laying bare the
roots during the winter. ‘About the close of July, many of
these insects, having assumed the winged state, soon after de-
posit their eggs in peach-trees, just beneath the surface ; first
wounding the bark in different places, which, on examination,
appears to have been effected by a blunt pointed instrument.
They leave from one to fifty, and in some instances, nearly three
hundred eggs in each tree, according to its size and capacity to
support the future progeny : these soon appear, but it is difficult
to detect them until they have acquired a growth of two or three
weeks, when they are four or five lines in length. From this
period, their growth is accelerated or retarded in proportion to
the quantity of nourishment afforded. In general, however, the
pupe are formed early in October, in the midst of a conglomera-
tion of gum, fibrous and excrementitious matter, and about the
close of the month the insect issues from the chrysalis, deposits
its eggs as before mentioned, and prepares to hybernate, like
others of the same tribe, in the roofs of houses, beneath the bark
of old trees, &e. The larvee appear in April, assume the nymph
state, and accomplish their final transformation in the course of
July. Thus, there are two periods in each year assigned for
their production and reproduction : nevertheless, individuals may
be seen during the whole season, in almost every stage of exist-
ence.” Having thus ascertained an important part of the natural
history of the species, and the inefficiency of the applica-
tions hitherto made with a view to prevent its depredations, Mr.
Thomas was led to make another experiment, which, he informs
us, has been completely successful. ‘Remove the earth from
about the trunk of the tree quite down to the lateral roots, press
with the but end of the pruning knife against the bark in differ-
ent places ; if it appears to adhere firmly, and no gum or moisture
issues, a thin coat of the composition described below, may be
applied both above and beneath the surface, by a brush or
wooden spatula, about two inches broad. Then take Canton
matting, (or any other similar substance,) cut into pieces of from *
six to twelve inches in width, according to the size of the tree,
and of sufficient length to encircle it; bind one of these around

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 41

the part intended to be secured, by two or three ties of twine or
woollen yarn, so that one-half shall be below, and the other half
above the surface; draw earth, divested of grass or rubbish, to
the tree, pressing it with the foot, close to the matting. The
insects, governed by instinct, will not lay their eggs in the mat-
ting, but will seek elsewhere for a situation congenial with their
habits. If, however, there is a clammy moisture, or portions of
gum adhering to the main stem or roots, these should be regarded
as almost certain indications of worms; every opening, however
minute, should be carefully probed, and the direction taken by
each worm, ascertained ; cut away that portion of the bark only,
of which the interior part has been destroyed, until you arrive
at the object of pursuit, which must be removed and killed.
Having in this manner extirpated all that are to be found, trim
the edges of the wounds neatly, and fill up the cavities with a
composition consisting of two parts of fresh cow-dung, one part
of leached ashes, to each gallon of which, add a handful of
ground plaster-of-paris, and as much water as will reduce the
the whole mags to the consistence of a thick paste ; spread a thin
coat of this composition over the part to be covered, and then
apply the bandage as before directed. As the ants, and several
other insects among the wounded trees, exceedingly and materi-
ally retard their recovery, I would recommend the part to be
washed with common white-wash, and a little flower of sulphur,
or snuff sprinkled over it, before the composition is applied. The
latter end of April, and the beginning of September, are the most
suitable periods, for those accustomed to it, to begin the search.”

Several other gentlemen have particularly observed the peach
insect, and of these we may mention Dr. James Smith, who has
given the result of his inquiries, in the sixth volume of the
American Farmer, p. 334, and Mr. Reuben Haines, who has
published his observations in p. 401, of the same volume. But
we think it highly probable, that the practice first proposed by
Mr. Shotwell, if carefully and properly carried into effect, will
effectually secure the peach tree from the depredations of the
Aigeria exitiosa.
* Upper figure—Female.

Middle figure—Male.

Right figure—Exuvia of the Pupa. /

Left figure—Follicle.

42 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

ZAGERIA OMPHALE.—Specific character. Body red; abdo-
men behind and dorsal line black, with blue spots.

Cosmosoma Omphale Hubner, fig. 1. 4. 5 9.

Desc. Body bright red: head black, with large brilliant blue
spots: antennee at tip, whitish; palpi, second and third joints
red; thorax with a black transverse line before, continued over the
wings ; on the anterior part are four blue spots: tergum bright
red, with a longitudinal line, abbreviated at base, and tip black ;
in which color are four brilliant lateral blue spots, and about seven
dorsal ones : venter excepting at base, and each side near the base,
black, with a large pure white spot on each side, before the mid-
dle; tuft at tip obsolete: wings hyaline, nervures and margins
black ; the black of the tip wide: feet bright red: intermediate
tibie black before : posterior tibiz with a black line before.

Obs. This very beautiful species was found by Mr. T. Peale in
Florida, and was presented to me, for the present plate, by the
Prince of Musignano, with whom I agree in the specific name
here adopted from Hubner.

The striking contrast of the red and black colors, and the
beautiful brilliant vivid azure blue, reflected from the spots of
the abdomen, anterior parts of the thorax and the head, render
this a highly interesting insect.

Lower figure.

COENOMYIA. Prats XX.

Generic character. Antenne porrect, triarticulate, first joint
rather long, cylindrical ; second, cyathiform ; third, conical, eight
ringed; seta none; palpi elevated; proboscis short; scutel bi-
dentate ; wings horizontal, crossed upon the tergum.

Obs. We are indebted to Latreille for this genus, which has
been adopted by Meigen, who, in his European Diptera, describes
but a single species as belonging to it. Fabricius gave the name
of Sicus to this genus, a designation that Latreille had already
applied to a very different group. The present name will there-
fore be considered as having the priority. ‘

COENOMYIA PALLIDA.— Specific character. Wings and abdo-,
men yellowish-testaceous ; thorax ferruginous.

Coenomyia pallida nobis, in Long’s Second Expedition.

Desc. Head yellowish-testaceous ; orbits beneath and behind,

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 43

dark cinereous; vertex with an elevated, obtuse, dusky line
between the stemmata: thorax ferruginous; anterior angles a
little prominent, rounded and concave behind, with an elevated
line reaching to the origin of the wings: scutel color of the
thorax : wings pale yellowish-brown, with margined nervures :
poisers whitish : feet somewhat paler than the thorax: tergum
polished ; posterior segments somewhat sericeous ; second, third,
and fourth segments, with three abbreviated series of punctures
near their bases.

Obs. During the recent journey of Major Long’s party to the
source of St. Peter’s river, I obtained three individuals of this
interesting species, the only one yet found in North America.
They occured in a small forest of scattered trees, where we halted
at our dining hour, in the immediate vicinity of Wennabea’s
Sauk village on the Pecktannos.

None were observed at any subsequent period of the journey.

LYCUS. Puate XXI.

Generic character. Head retracted; antennx approximate,
much compressed, more or less serrated ; mouth small, produced
into a short rostrum; maxillary palpi much longer than the
labials, terminal joint triangular, truncated; mandibles at tip,
entire and acute: elytra thin and flexible, nearly of equal breadth,
or much enlarged towards the tip; thorax receiving and cover-
ing the head, rounded before ; penultimate joint of the tarsi bilo-
bated.

Obs. These insects are somewhat similar in their appearance
to the well known “ Fire-fly,’ whose scintillations, on a sum-
mer’s evening, are scarcely less abundant than the lights of the
firmament, which they feebly, and but for a moment, rival. But
Tycus is not endowed with the property of yielding light, and it
is further distinguished from Lampyris by the somewhat elon-
gated mouth, eyes of moderate size, and by the form of the ter-
minal joint of the palpi, which is dilated, compressed, and trun-
cated at tip. Another kindred genus, Omalisus, of Geoffroy, is

_in like manner destitute of the curious power of giving light, but
the mouth is not rostrated, the second and third joints of the
antennz are very short, and the head is only in part covered by
the thorax.

44 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Fabricius separated these insects from Lampyris, under the
name of Lycus, (Avxes,) a word, which, according to Olivier, was
employed by Herzychius to designate a species of spider; by
Athenzeus for a fish ; and by Aristotle for a kind of bird. But
the word was commonly used by the Greeks, and by Homer
himself to indicate the wolf.

In respect to form, the body is, in many instances, somewhat
hnear, that is, having the sides approaching to parallelism; but
in the LZ. latissimus Fabr. of Africa, and the ZL. palliatus Faby.
of the Cape of Good Hope, the elytra are so much dilated as to
give the species an orbicular appearance ; whilst in other species,
as the L. fasciatus Fabr. of Cayenne, these substitutes for an-
terior wings are greatly dilated, only toward their posterior ex-
tremities. Many have this dilatation, which is more particularly
observable in the males. Their colors are chiefly fulvous, violet-
black, and sanguineous.

The larva is supposed to live in the earth; the perfect insect
is Innoxuous, and is found on flowers.

Lycus RETIcULATUS.—Specific character. Black; lateral
thoracic margins fulvous; elytra fulvous, with a band, and ex-
tremity, blackish.

Lycus reticulatus Faby. Syst. Eleut. pt. 2. p. 111. Oliv. Ins.
vol. ii. No. 29, p. 7. pl. 1, fig. 7.

Desc. Body deep black; polished : antenne exceeding the mid-
dle of the elytra, opake : rostrum short : thorax black, the dilated
lateral margins a little recurved, fulvous; an acute carina in the
middle ; posterior angles attenuated, prominent and acute : elytra
fulvous, with four elevated lines, which are alternately larger,
the suture and exterior edge are also elevated ; interstitial spaces
with numerous transverse elevated lines; near the base is a
broad black band, which nearly reaches the middle, and is
continued along the suture to the base ; a much dilated terminal
black band, which does not reach the middle ; both these bands
are slightly tinged with violaceous : wings blackish, the nervures
margined with whitish: feet sericeous.

Obs. This species may well be said to inhabit North America,
for it would seem to be found in almost every part of it, except-
ing, perhaps, the region beyond the Rocky Mountains, and the
more northern inhospitable solitude of Canada. I have received

ee Eee Oe ee

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 45

it from Mr. Holmes of Maine, and have myself found specimens
in Missouri, North-West Territory, and East Florida. In Penn-
sylvania it is very common.

The elytra of the male, are more dilated behind than those of
the female.

The upper left figure of the plate.

[Belongs to Calopteron Guér., (Digrapha Newman, Charac-
tus, Dej.)—LEc.]

LycUs TERMINALIS.—Specific character. Black; thorax with
fulvous lateral margins ; elytra fulvous, with a black tip. _

LIycus terminalis nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sei., vol. iii. p. 178.

Desc. Body deep black, polished ; antennze reaching the middle
of the elytra, opake: rostrum short: thorax black, the dilated
lateral margins a little recurved, fulvous: an acute carina in the
middle ; posterior angles attenuated, prominent, acute ; scutel black;
elytra fulvous, with four elevated lines, which are alternately a
little larger: the suture and exterior edge are also a little ele-
vated: interstitial spaces with numerous transverse elevated
lines ; terminal third of the surface violaceous-black: wings black-
ish at tip; feet sericeous.

Numerous specimens were observed by Major Long’s party in
Missouri and Arkansaw. They occurred in the prairies on
plants, and I found them to be especially abundant near the vil-
lage of the Konza Indians.

It is, without doubt, closely allied to the preceding, but the
anterior band of the elytra is always deficient, the tibiz are some-
what more dilated, and there seems to be a greater difference of
size between the sexes, the male being proportionally smaller.
We cannot suppose it to be the L. dimidiatus Fabr., although
the general tenor of the description corresponds very well, inas-
much as he represents the antenne to be flabellate, with elon-
gated serratures, and the base of the elytra to be rufous, whereas,
the antenne of this species are similar to those of the reticulatus.
The black on the thorax of the female is reduced to a narrow
line.

The upper right figure of the plate.

[Belongs to Calopteron.—L«c.]

LycUs SANGUINIPENNIS.—Specijic character. Thorax black:
lateral margin sanguineous: elytra sanguineous, immaculate.

46 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Lycus sanguinipennis nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. ii.
p- 178.

Desc. Body deep black, polished: rostrum prominent; thorax
broad, not narrowed before: the transverse diameter exceeding
the longitudinal: livid-black; lateral margins a little recurved,
pale sanguineous; a carinate line on the anterior margin, termi-
nating in a groove which extends to the base: posterior angles
a little prominent: scutel black: elytra pale sanguineous, with
elevated lines, and intervening transverse ones: wings a little
dusky, with brown nervures.

One individual only, occurred to Major Long’s exploring party,
near the base of the Rocky Mountains. It is widely distinct
from the preceding species.

The lower right figure.

[I have a species of Calopteron from Mexico which agrees
with the characters here given.—LkEc. ]

Lycus PERFACETUS.—Specific character. Black: thorax each
side rufous; elytra striate.

Desc. Body deep black: head polished, with a deeply im-
pressed longitudinal line: antennze opake, compressed, a little
serrated: second joint more than half the length of the third,
which is as long as the fourth, though less dilated : thorax some-
what unequal, polished black, with broad rufous lateral margins :
an impressed longitudinal line; posterior angles acute: elytra with
slightly impressed strize, and rounded interstitial lines: beneath
polished black.

Obs. Inhabits Pennsylvania.

The lower left figure of the plate.

[This species is a Dictyopterus Latr., as now restricted: a
synonym of it is D. substriatus Lec., Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil.
2d ser. 1, 74.—LeEc.]

ICHNEUMON. Puate XXII.

Generic character. Antenne more than twenty-jointed ; ab-
domen ellipsoidal, composed of more than five segments, and
attached to the thorax by a portion only, of its transverse diame-
ter, by an abrupt slender peduncle; all the wings having very
distinct nervures ; extremity of the abdomen of the female very

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 47

slightly compressed, not obliquely truncated ; oviduct concealed,
. or hardly prominent.

Obs. As originally instituted by Linné, the genus of this name
was extremely abundant in species, and although many divisions
have been made by Fabricius and others, the species are still
numerous. As TI adopt the genus, it corresponds with that of
Fabricius and Latreille, and with Cryptus as defined by Lamarck,

These insects perform an important part in the operations of
nature, inasmuch, as they seem destined to limit the increase of
Lepidopterous insects, by destroying their larve, so injurious to
the interests of agriculture. All are parasitic, and in habit they
may be compared to the Jchnewmon amongst the quadrupeds, an
animal said to break the eggs of the crocodile, and even to pene-
trate the abdomen of that formidable reptile, in order to devour
the living viscera.

The female, in this interesting genus, when about to deposit
her eggs, becomes very active and impatient, flying from leaf to
leaf, in search of a proper nidus; having found a caterpillar of
suitable magnitude, she places her eggs either upon the skin, or
by puncturing it, within the body, notwithstanding the convul-
sive efforts of prevention made by the victim. I was witness to
a somewhat curious fact in relation to one of these insects ; ob-
serving an object closely resembling a caterpillar, resting on a
leaf, I was preparing to take possesion of it, when an Jchnewmon
alighted on the leaf, and proceeded to examine the object of my
attention ; it ran briskly up to it, and touched it first on one side,
and then on the other, with its vibratory antennz ; but it finally
departed without any attempt at oviposition. This deportment
excited my suspicions in regard to the nature of the supposed
caterpillar, and on examining it more closely, I discovered, to
my surprise, that it was not the larva of an insect, nor even the
remains of one. Thus it appeared, that the /chnewmon, as well
as myself, was deceived by its organ of vision, and that another
sense was resorted to, in order to ascertain the truth.

The larvee disclosed from the eggs of the parent Jchneumon
are altogether destitute of feet ; like intestinal worms, they feed
on the interior of the body of their Promethean victim, which
continues to walk and feed as usual. The depredators are by no
means indiscriminate in their choice of food, but prefer the

48 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

adipose part of the system, and spare the vitals until the former
is exhausted. By this selection, the life of the larva is continued |
until the parasite obtains its full size, and is prepared to enter
into the state of pupa. The larva then attaches itself firmly to a
fixed surface by means of its feet, and dies. The pups, secure
within, await their destined period in tranquillity, and the in-
cluded insects finally emerge from their contracted boundaries,
by gnawing a passage through their own indurated covering, as
well as through the common integument of the larva.

IcHNEUMON DEVINCTOR.—Specific character. Black ; abdo-
men rufous; scutel, annulus of the antenne and of the tibie,
white.

Dese. Body black : antennse rather short, annulus pure white,
commencing at the ninth joint, and extending to the eighteenth:
scutel pure white: wings dusky violaceous: abdomen, with the
exception of the first segment, bright rufous: tibize, excepting at
base and at tip, pure white: anterior and intermediate tarsi, with
the first joint, white at base.

Obs. This species is not very common. I obtained a specimen
in the North-West Territory. An individual occurred in Mis-
souri, that may, perhaps, be only a variety of the present species ;
it is smaller, and has ferruginous, instead of white, on the feet.

The upper right figure.

IcHNEUMON UNIFASCIATORIUS.— Specific character. Black ;
annulus of the antenna, two scutellar spots, and band near the
base of the abdomen, white.

Desc. Body black: front, nasus, and line on the frontal and
exterior orbits, white: antennee moderate, with a white annulus
beginning at the fifteenth joint, and extending to the twenty-first
joint: thorax with two abbreviated white lines on the middle ;
an oblique line each side before the wings, wing scale, and
small spot beneath the wings, white: scutel white, with a small
transverse white spot at its tip: wings fuliginous: abdomen de-
pressed, rather ‘slender; first segment white at tip, forming a
band: tibiae white on the exterior side.

Obs. This insect is of frequent occurrence in all the Middle
States. There is a variety, of which the abdomen is very slightly
tinged with rufous. Allied to nigratorius Fabr., but may be dis-
tinguished by the band on the first segment of the abdomen, and

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 49

by the white spot behind the tip of the scutel, and by the two
between the anterior wings.
The lower right figure.

IcCHNEUMON CENTRATOR.—Specijic character. Black; an-
tennz annulate ; scutel, and disk of the thorax, ferruginous.

Desc. Body black: head dull ferruginous, with a polished, im-
pressed, black line at the base of the antenne: antenne with a
white annulation, beginning at the seventh joint, and extending
to the seventeenth : thorax with the disk between the anterior
pair of wings and the scutel, dull ferruginous : tibize dull rufous,
excepting at tip: wings dusky violaceous.

Obs. It occurs frequently in Pennsylvania, and as I have found
it both in Missouri and the North-Western Territory, it appears
to be a pretty general inhabitant of the United States.

The lower left figure.

IcHNEUMON BREVICINCTOR.—Specijic character.- Black; scu-
tel and the very short band on the antenne, white.

Desc. Body black: head immaculate : antennz with the white
annulus beginning at the seventeenth joint, and extending to the
twenty-first : thorax immaculate: scutel yellowish-white : wings
a little dusky: knees and tibie of the anterior pair of fect, dull
rufous.

Obs. In form and general appearance, it resembles wni/uscia-
torus nob., but the different individuals correspond in having the
annulus of the antennz very short, and commencing at the seven-
teenth joint; in having no spot beyond the tip of the scutel, in
having the head immaculate, &c. It also resembles nigratorius
Fab., but is much smaller, and is altogether destitute of orbital
lines.

The upper left figure.

LIMENITIS. Prats XXIII.
Papinio Lin.—NyMPuHALIS Latr.

Generic character. Antenne gradually clubbed ; club slender,
hardly compressed, elongate-obconic ; palpi not elongated, second
joint not much compressed, the anterior margin not remarkably
broader ; anterior pair of feet spurious; wings not very much
longer than broad ; four hinder feet with double nails ; abdomen

+

50 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

received in a groove, formed by the dilatation of the inner mar-
gin of the inferior wings.

Obs. This is one of the numerous modern genera of Papilioni-
des, that are eminently remarkable by the feeble, abbreviated, and
incomplete anterior feet of the species of which they are com-
posed. These feet are usually so short, as to be altogether use-
less for the purpose of locomotion ; they are habitually applied
against the breast, and are altogether destitute of nails. The
larvee are elongated, and feed on leaves, and the chrysalids are
suspended by the tail, with the head towards the earth. For the
genus Limenitis, we are indebted to Fabricius ; but this learned
author has not left us sufficiently obvious characters, by which to
distinguish it from his closely allied genus Apatura. We are, in
fact, inclined to consider them both as sub-genera, as well as
many other of the Fabrician genera of Lepidoptera.

LIMENITIS ARTHEMIS.—Specijic character. Brown-black ;
wings indented, with a common white band, and common margi-
nal row of double blue lunules; a series of six ferruginous dots
on the posterior wings ; venter and lateral line, white.

Nymph. Phal. Arthemis Drury, vol. ii. pl. 10, fig. 3 and 4.

Desc. Body black : occiput with two white points; a short
white line behind each eye: palpi white on the exterior side :
wings with a broad common white band a little beyond the mid-
dle, intersected by the black nervures which are not margined ;
a common marginal series of double blue lunules: edge alternat-
ing with white and black; superior wings with three or four
white dots beyond the band, but immaculate between the band
and base : inferior wings with a serious of six fulvous dots between
the white band and marginal lunules: beneath fulvo-ferruginous,
with the white band, marginal lunules, white and black alternat-
ing lines of the edge, and white spots of the superior wings, as
distinct as those of the superior surface ; superior wings, between
the white band and base, dark purplish, with two fulvous spots,
and two or three whitish or bluish ones ; inferior wings dull ful-
vous between the band and base, with three or four brighter
spots, which are interspersed with bluish: pleura with about
three white spots at the base of the wings, and another at the
-base of the superior wings: coxa with a white spot: anterior

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 51

pair of feet, white before : abdomen with a white line each side,
and a broader one on the venter.

Obs. This beautiful insect, occurred sparingly in the North-
Western Territory, during the advance of Major Long’s expedi-
tion towards lake Winnepec. [I also found it at that lake, as well
as at the Lake of the Woods, and in other parts of Upper Canada.
On the expedition to the Rocky Mountains, I obtained several
specimens in Arkansaw, and Mr. Nuttall has recently sent me one
from Cambridge.

Drury first described this insect; his figure is that of a small
specimen.

The plate represents two views of the insect, of the natural
size.

DICALUS. Pirate XXIV.

Generic character. Mandibles destitute of an articulated nail
at tip; palpi six, terminal joint, obconic, truncated ; anterior
tibia emarginate ; two anterior tarsi dilated in the male, and
furnished beneath, with dense, granuliform papille; antennz
filiform ; labrum emarginated, and with a longitudinal indented
line ; posterior thoracic angles, covering the humeral angles.

Obs. As respects number of species, this is a limited group of
insects. Their aspect is, however, striking and peculiar, the
body being large, dilated, and depressed, with profoundly indented
striee on their elytra; the posterior angles of the thorax extend
far backward, covering the base of the elytra, so as to present no
interval between thorax and abdomen. Our great master, Linné, |
would have placed these insects in his comprehensive genus
Carabus, which in the modern system, is a large family, dis-
tinguished by the name of Carabide, and containing nearly
ninety genera, of which the present is one. The genus Dicelus,
was established by Professor Bonelli, of Turin, in an excellent
essay, entitled ‘ Observations Entomologiques,” which was pub-
lished in the Memoirs of the Imperial Academy of Turin.

Dic&LUS VIOLACEUS.—Specijfic character. Above and beneath
violaceous-black ; antennge, mouth, and feet, black.

Dicelus violaceus Bonelhi, Obs. Entom. in Mém. del Acad.
Imper. de Turin. And the author, in the Trans. Amer. Philos.
Soe. vol. ii. New Series, p. 67.

52 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

=

Desc. Head black, obsoletely tinged with purplish : mouth and
antenne, black: thorax with the disk black, faintly tinged with
violaceous ; this color is very obvious on the lateral edge, and
posterior margins ; lateral a little excurved near the poste-
rior angles: elytra deeply striated; the disk is less distinctly
violaceous than the margin, and in a particular light, their color
exhibits a slight greenish tinge; beneath violaceous, and more
particularly so on each side: epipleura bright violaceous.

Obs. It seems probable, that this species is not an inhabitant
of the northern part of the United States, or if found at all in
this region, it is certainly very rare. It is, without doubt, chiefly
limited in its range to the southern and south-western States, but
it is not known to be abundant any where. In my specimen, the
second and third interstitial lines of each elytrum, are connected
near the base by a transverse line, but this is very possibly not a
permanent character. It is now figured for the first time.

The upper right figure.

DicHLUS SPLENDIDUS.—Specijfic character. Thorax viola-
ceous; elytra cupreous brilliant.

Dicelus splendidus nobis, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soe. vol. i.
New Series, p.- 69.

Desc. Head black: thorax hardly perceptibly narrowed at
base ; the posterior part of the lateral edge is not in the slightest
degree excurved, but proceeds rectilinearly to the posterior angle ;
lateral and posterior margins depressed, lateral edge reflected ;
color blackish-violaceous on the disk, and more vivid violaceous
on the lateral and posterior margins : elytra highly polished, bril-
liant red coppery, exhibiting in a particular light a green reflec-
tion; humeral carina extending two-thirds the length of the
elytra ; strie profoundly impressed: beneath bluish-purple: feet
black.

Obs. This is by far the most beautiful species of the genus,
yet discovered. When the rays of light fall perpendicularly on
the surface of the elytra, a highly brilliant reddish-coppery color
is exhibited, but when the rays are reflected at a considerably
angle, the tint changes to a fine polished green. The specimen
was brought from the Missouri, by Mr. Thomas Nuttall.

The upper left figure.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 53

DICHLUS DILATATUS.—Specific character. Black, impunc-
tured ; striz obsoletely punctured towards the tip.

Diczlus dilatatus nobis, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soe. vol. ii. New
Series, p. 68.

Desc. Head black: palpi blackish-piceous: antenne brown
towards the tip: thorax entirely black ; margins depressed ; late-
ral edge slightly reflected; base very slightly wider than any
other part ; lateral edge nearly rectilinear, very slightly incurved
before, and not at all excurved near the posterior angles: elytra
totally black ; strize profound, very slightly punctured towards
the tip: feet piceous.

Obs. This species is an inhabitant of Pennsylvania, and may
be occasionally found under stones and other objects, whicli rest
loosely on the soil. Its color is a uniform black, without any
tint of those gay colors for which the two preceding species are
remarkable.-

The lower left figure.

DicHLUS scuLprinis.—Specific character. Black; elytra
with irregularly serpentine strie.

Diczlus sculptilis nobis, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. vol. ii. New
Series, p. 68.

Desc. Body entirely black, immaculate: thorax very slightly
widest at base; the lateral edge not at all excurved near the
basal angle, and the commencement of the anterior curvature of
this edge is at the middle of its length ; elytra with their striz
very irregularly serpentine ; the interstitial lines are irregular
and unequal on their sides, and exhibit a very few adventitious
punctures, with raised centres.

Obs. Very distinct from the foregoing species, by the singular
irregularity, and sculptured appearance, of the striz of the elytra.
It was discovered in Missouri by Mr. Thomas Nuttall, and has
not been found in the Atlantic States.

The lower right figure.

[Occurs in western Pennsylvania.—Lec. ]

MANTISPA. Prare XXV.

Generic character. Antennee filiform, but little longer than
the head, the joints transverse ; eyes prominent; thorax having
the anterior segment elongated, cylindric-clavate, supporting the

54 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

anterior pair of feet at its anterior extremity ; anterior feet ad-
vanced, very conspicuous, cheliferous, the basal joint very much
elongated; wings reticulated, deflected.

Obs. A very small, but singular and natural group of insects,
allied to Mantis, and also to Raphidia. Linné placed a species,
which he described under the name now adopted as generic, in
the genus Raphidia, and Lamarck assents to an alliance with that
genus, by placing Mantispa immediately next to Raphidia, in
his system. Latreille, who formed the genus, and most other
authors, refer it to the same family with Mantis and Spectrum ;
indeed, in the Régne Animal, it is considered a mere sub-genus
of Mantis.

Butt if we adhere rigidly to the characters of the order Hemip-
tera,* in which the superior wings are stated to be coriaceous or
of a different consistence from the inferior pair, the genus Man-
tispa,* notwithstanding its acknowledged affinity with Mantis, will
be altogether excluded from that order. In construction, num-
ber, and consistence of the wings, from which the characters of
‘these grand divisions are derived, it is beyond a doubt a Newrop-
ferous genus, and we adopt Lamarck’s arrangement in this re-
spect. It is distinguished from all the other genera of this order,
by the particular form of the anterior feet.

These insects are not quiescent in the nymph state, or that
condition which corresponds to the chrysalis state of the butter-
fly, but they remain active, as in the larva.

MANTISPA BRUNNEA.—WSpecijic character. Light brown ;
antenne fuscous, light brown at the extremity ; wings with a
very broad, brown margin.

Mantispa brunnea nobis, Long’s Expedition to the sources of
St. Peters’ river, vol. ii. p. 309.

Desc.—Male. Antenne short: posterior and inferior orbits,
yellow: thorax, first segment obtusely wrinkled or undulated
transversely ; anterior margin black, sub-margin yellow; base
black, with a yellow, transverse, angulated line: scutel yellow:
metathorax yellow on the posterior edge: pleura bilineate, with
yellow: wings with a broad, light brown costal margin and tip:

* There is confusion here: Mantis belongs to the order Orthoptera,

for which Hemiptera has been substituted by a probably clerical error.
—LeEc.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 55

feet, intermediate and posterior pairs, with yellow tibize and tarsi,
a rufous spot being near the knee; anterior thighs blackish on
the inner side, with a yellow exterior inferior margin, and numer-
ous spines on the inferior edge, of which one is very prominent :
tergum, at the base of the first and second segments, black, the
former margined with yellow: venter black at base, segments
broadly margined with yellow.

Female. The yellow color, and marginings, excepting on the
feet, and on the first segment of the thorax, obsolete ; the wings
are darker than those of the male, and the hyaline portion of the
Wings is tinctured with a shade of the general color.

Obs. A specimen of the female of this curious insect, was pre-
sented to me,some time since, by Mr. William Mason, of this
city; it was found near Philadelphia, by Mr. Tyler. I had the
good fortune to find a male, when travelling with Major Long’s
party on St. Peters’ river, in the North-West Territory.

The middle figure represents the male, and the lower figure
the female. On the right is an enlarged view of the head, with
the antennz, and part of the thorax, and on the left, is an en-
larged view of an anterior foot.

MANTISPA INTERRUPTA.— Specific character. Wings hyaline,
with a narrow ferruginous costal margin, widely interrupted near
the tip.

Desc. Body pale: antennz rather slender, perfectly filiform,
not differently colored at tip, but somewhat paler at base : thorax,
anterior segment rather long, annulate, with slightly elevated
obtuse lines, which give it a somewhat wrinkled appearance ; two
small tubercles before the middle, placed transversely ; posterior
segment greenish-yellow, with a longitudinal brown line, and
another on each side above the wing: wings alike, hyaline, the
ferruginous costal margin is narrow, interrupted beyond the car-
pus, so as to leave only a spot at tip of the wing; on the sub-
margin, is an irregular quadrate dark fuscous spot, confluent with
the carpus; the ferruginous margin of the superior wing, is paler
towards the base : postpectus, and intermediate and posterior feet,
pale greenish-yellow, the front of the former dusky: tergum pale
reddish-fulvous, incisures, and vertebral line, blackish: venter
pale yellow,

Obs. The annexed figure is taken from the only specimen I

56 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

have seen. It alighted on the apron of a gig, near this city, and
was carefully secured by Mr. James P. Parke, who kindly pre-
sented it tome. It remained lively and active for several days
in a glass vessel on my table, and I was frequently amused by its
dexterity in catching the flies’ which were introduced for its
nourishment. It moved very slowly and cautiously towards its
victim, and when at the proper distance, the fore-feet were thrown
forwards, and again retracted, with a rapidity of motion that the
eye could not follow, bringing the fly with them to the mouth.
These feet are used almost exclusively as arms and hands, in
various positions for the convenience of mastication ; they are
rarely used in locomotion, but when the insect advances by means
of the other feet, these are folded up, and rest on each side of
the long anterior segment of the thorax. The two or three flies
first given to this little animal, were entirely devoured, so that
not a fragment remained; but having abated its hunger it ex-
tracted the fluids chiefly, of those afterwards placed within its
reach.

The upper figure ; below, is an enlarged representation of a
wing, and a posterior foot.

BUPRESTIS. Puare XXVI.

Body firm ; head vertically inserted in the thorax to the eyes ;
antennee short, filiform, serrated ; palpi very short, filiform, or
but slightly enlarged towards the tip; mandibles entire at tip ;
maxille bifid at the extremity; thorax with its posterior edge
applied to the base of the elytra, the posterior angles not elon-
gated; anterior margin of the pectus advanced towards the
mouth, its opposite extremity elongated in the form of a horn,
which is received into a sinus of the postpectus, and is not con-
cealed in it; feet short, tarsi dilated, somewhat triangular, the
penultimate one bilobated.

Obs. A large and very natural assemblage of insects, remain-
ing at the present day, nearly as it was founded by Linné. A
few of his smaller species have been separated from it, by Fabri-
cius, under the name of Trachys, chiefly distinguished by the
shorter, more dilated, and sub-triangular form of the body. Two
or three very small species, discovered since his time, and referred
to this genus by Fabricius and Olivier, have been generically

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 57

separated by Latreille, with the name of Aphanisticus ; these
have clavate antennz.

The family Buprestiadx, consisting of the above mentioned
genera, is closely allied to that of H/ateride. But all the species
of the latter group, are endowed with the power of leaping, by
an abrupt inflection of the anterior portion of the body ; their
tarsi, also, are simple, without any dilatation of the basal joints.

Many of these insects are gaily ornamented with the most
splendid colors, which often shine with a metallic brilliancy.
Some have a general coppery tint, whilst others present the
beautiful contrast of fine yellow spots and lines, on a polished
green or blue surface, and others exhibit the appearance of
burnished gold, inlaid on emerald or ebony. In fine, all that is
rich and brilliant in colors, may be observed in the decoration of
these insects.

They in general, walk slowly, though some run with considerable
agility ; they rise on the wing with facility, and fly with ease and
rapidity. Many elude their enemies by folding their feet and
antennz close to the body, and falling, apparently dead, to the
earth. The females have a coriaceous appendage at the posterior
part of the abdomen, composed of three pieces; this is probably
the oviduct, by means of which, they deposit their eggs in old
wood, where the larve lives until its change into the perfect
state. Their existence in the perfect state is but short, appear-
ing to be devoted almost exclusively to the great object of con-
tinuing the race.

Though beautiful and rare, the species are very numerous, and
upwards of two hundred are now known; of these, the largest
and most splendid, are inhabitants of the American continent.

A species of Buprestis, has furnished us with a remarkable in-
stance of insect longevity; the following is extracted from a
communication, by Mr. Marsham, to the Linnean Society. (See
vol. x. p. 399.)

Mr. J. Montague, on going to his desk in the office of Works
at Guildhall, observed an insect which had been seen by his
brother in the early part of the day, endeavoring to extricate it-
self from the wood, which formed part of the desk ; he carefully
released it from the cell, and it proved to be Buprestis splendens
of Fabricius, full of strength and vigor. The desk had been fixed

58 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

in the office twenty-two years before, and was made of fir wood,
imported from the Baltic. That the insect existed in the wood
before the desk was made, was proved by the fact of the channel
formed by the insect having been then transversely cut.

The word Buprestis, is derived from the Greek Gerpuers; but to
what insect that ancient people applied the word, is not known
with certainty at the present day. The Romans, also, held the
same insect to be poisonous, and their civilians recommended the
punishment of the law to be inflicted upon those persons who
rashly administered, internally, those poisonous insects, the
pithyocampas, (Bombyx pithyocampa Fabr.,) and the Buprestis.
It is evident, however, that they had no reference to any indi-
vidual of this family, inasmuch as no one of the species is capa-
ble of inflicting a serious injury on any of the larger animals.
But as the ancient Buprestis was stated to be endowed with the
power of destroying even the ox, it is conjectured that the Greeks
thus designated a vesicating insect, such as a Mylabris, a Lytta,
or, according to some authors, a Carabus, the two former of
which, when taken into the stomach, produce the most serious
effects on the animal economy, and even death itself, under the
most afflicting circumstances.

BUPRESTIS RUFIPES.— Specific character. Elytra, each with
four yellow spots, of which the basal one is longitudinal.

Buprestis rufipes Oliv. Ins. vol. ii. No. 32, p. 16, pl. 7, fig.
73, a. b. Fabr. Syst. Eleut. pt. 2, p. 188, No. 13. Encyce. Méth.
No. 15. Herbst, Natur. pt. ix. p. 79, pl. 140, fig. 3.

Desc. Body green, polished, slightly tinged with brassy: head
rough with deeply impressed confluent punctures ; an obsolete im-
pressed line on the vertex, becoming elevated on the front: antennz
rufous: thorax with small distinct profound punctures, and an
impressed spot before the scutel: elytra with narrow, deep striz
and, at tip, bidentated: an abbreviated fulvous vitta originates
near the humerus, and extends near to the middle; a transverse,
abbreviated, undulated fulvous band, a little beyond the middle,
does not quite reach the suture; intermediate between this band
and the tip of the elytra, is another undulated one, of the same
color; at the tip, is also a narrow band: pectus greenish-violace-
ous ; a dilated vitta in the middle, and another each side, fulvous;
the latter on its anterior part passes a little above the edge of the

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 59

thorax, and is in some specimens continued backwards to the
base of the thorax, forming a margin on that part, but not cover-
ing the edge; postpectus green, tinged with brassy, and some-
what sericeous; a yellow spot near the middle, and two or three
on each side: feet rufo-violaceous : venter rufo-violaceous, more
or less varied with green, particularly at the base, and with three
series of obscure fulvous spots, two of which are lateral.

Obs. One of the largest species of North America, at the same
time very beautifully ornamented.

Fabricius quotes Petiver’s work, and states its native region
to be Maryland ; Olivier observes that it isin found in Carolina; I
obtained a specimen in Missouri, when with Major Long’s party
in that country, and another has been found in Pennsylvania ;
but in this state they must be extremely rare.

The lower right figure.

[Belongs to Ancylochira Esch.—L«c.]

BuprESTIS FASCIATA.—Specijic character. Green brilliant ;
elytra with a yellow band and spot.

Buprestis fasciata Herbst, Natur. Syst. vol. ix. p. 162, pl. 145,
fig. 22. Fabr. Syst. Eleut. pt. 2, p. 191, No. 31. Oliv. Ins.
vol. ii. No. 32, sp. 22, pl. 9, fig. 92.

Desc. Body highly polished, green with a brassy tinge, punc-
tured; head confluently punctured; thorax more densely punc-
tured on the anterior portion; on the middle of the posterior
margin a distinct indentation; elytra striate, the strize punc-
tured: a yellow undulated band behind the middle, with a dark
violaceous areola; midway between the band and the tip, is a yel-
low spot on each elytrum, with a dark violaceous areola ; tip bi-
dentate ; beneath immaculate ; feet of the same color as the body.

Obs. This beautiful insect was sent to me by Mr. E. Holmes
of Gardiner Lyceum, Maine. The authors quoted in our syno-
nyms, observe that it inhabits North America, without mention-
ing any particular part of the continent in which it was found.
I had supposed it to be a native of the Southern States, and was
therefore surprised to receive it from the northern extremity of
the Union. In his description of this species, Olivier remarks,
that “on voit quelquefois un point fauve vers le milieu de chaque
élytre, entouré de bleu,” and this he represents in his plate, but
I have only a single specimen, and reference to another in the

60 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

collection of the Philadelphia Museum, both corresponding with
the annexed figure.

Herbst describes Olivier’s variety as a distinct species under
the name-of C. maculata, (vol. ix. p. 163, pl. 148, fig. 5,) with-
out any reference to Olivier.

[Also an Ancylochira.—Luc.]

The upper right figure.

BUPRESTIS CONFLUENTA [CONFLUENS ].— Specific character.
Green, polished, punctured ; elytra with confluent yellow spots.

Buprestis confluenta nobis, Journ. Acad Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 159.

Desc. Body bright green, punctured; head densely and con-
fluently punctured; an obsolete indented longitudinal line, more
distinct on the vertex : antenne purplish, the basal joint rufous:
thorax densely and confluently punctured, more particularly on
the anterior and lateral margins ; in the middle of the disk, these
punctures are somewhat sparse: scutel rounded, convex: elytra
striate, slightly tinged with violaceous ; the strize and interstitial
lines, slightly punctured ; very numerous transversely confluent
light yellow dots: tip slightly obliquely truncated, acute at the
suture, but not mucronate or dentate: edge entire; tarsi pur-
plish-brown.

Obs. I cannot find any notice of this very fine insect in any
attainable author, and having never obtained an individual in the
Atlantic States, I think it highly probable that it is altogether
limited in its range to the Western region.

A specimen was presented to me, when at Fort Osage on the
Missouri river, by Lieut. Scott, of the Rifle regiment, a gentle-
man, whose extraordinary skill as a marksman, has almost passed
into a proverb in that country. I obtained two other specimens
during the progress of Major Long’s exploring party towards the
mountains. ;

The thorax varies in being in some specimens of a bright blue
color, in others purplish.

The lower left figure.

[Also an Ancylochira.—Lxc. ]

BUPRESTIS CAMPESTRIS.— Specific character. Elytra serrate,
quadrilineate ; beneath canaliculate.

Buprestis campestris nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 165.

Desc. Head rugous, with large confluent punctures : front con-

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 61

eave; antennze purple-black, the first and second joints green-
ish-cupreous ; thorax unequal, with large confluent punctures
each side, and canaliculate along the middle: posterior angles
acute: scutel very small, transverse suborbicular, indented on
the middle: elytra with four distant, somewhat elevated lines,
and one or two near the suture: in the interstitial spaces are ir-
regular, slightly elevated transverse lines, hardly visible to the un-
assisted eye: before the middle of each elytrum, is a large, very
slightly impressed spot, and another similar one, is rather behind
the middle; there is also avery small common indented spot on the
suture, opposite to the former spot; exterior edge serrated, from
near the middle to the tip; tip simple, somewhat acute ; beneath
cupreous, polished: a brilliant dilated coppery line extends
from the mouth to the pectus; a large groove originates on the
anterior part of the pectus, and terminates on the second seg-
ment of the venter: tarsi dusky bluish.

Obs. This is one of our largest species, and although far less
agreebly decorated than the preceding, is yet distinguished by a
more uniform garb of polished metallic coloring. I captured the
specimen when descending the Arkansaw river, with a detachment
of Major Long’s exploring party.

The upper left figure.

[A Chalcophora closely allied to, or more probably, identical
with Buprestis substrigosa Lap. and Gory.; the latter species
occurs from New York to Missouri. Specimens from the original
locality would however be desirable for comparison ; the figure is
badly executed.—Lec. ]

VANESSA. Pruate XXVII.

Generic character. Antenne terminated by an abrupt short
club; palpi contiguous, even at the extremity, the two combined,
resembling a rostrum ; anterior pair of feet in both sexes, short
and very hairy; the two posterior pairs of tarsi, with double
nails.

Obs. The species which constitute the Fabrician genus Van-
essa, were referred by Linné to his comprehensive genus Papilio.

The larve or caterpillars in this genus, live on plants of little
altitude, and are often gregarious; they are armed with numer-
ous, long, rigid, dentated spines, which, like the quills of the

62 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Hedgehog, constitute their only defensive weapons. The chrysa-
lids are attached to a fixed object by the tail, and in this reversed
posture quietly wait for the period of final emancipation and per-
fection.

The larva or caterpillar state of insects, has been aptly stated
by the great Linné, to be a masked condition of the animal, con-
cealing beneath its rude vermicular garb all the parts of the
future perfect insect; the pupa he compared to an infant en-
veloped in swaddling clothes, after the old fashion. The pupa of
some species of the present genus presents a singular appearance :
two elevations on the head resemble horns, and a prominence
upon the back represents a nose of the human face, and but little
aid of fancy is required to assimilate such pupe to a grotesque
mask. Many of these pups are worthy of the name of chrysa-
lids, by which they were formerly distinguished, being splendidly
decorated with spots, resembling burnished gold, and silver.

VANESSA FURCILLATA.= Specific character. Wings angular,
with a common fulvous band, and two fulvous spots on the supe-
rior wings; beneath, brown, with black lineations.

Desc. Superior wings above black, with a broad fulvous sub-
marginal band, which is bifid at the costal margin, having the
exterior division terminated by a white spot, and the inner
division by a pale yellow one; between the band and the base of
the wing, are two fulvous transverse spots; costal rib near the
base, with yellow variegations; inferior wings above black, with
a broad fulvous sub-marginal band, and on the black margin is a
series of six or seven small sublunate purplish-ophalescent spots ;
all the wings are blackish, with very numerous transverse blacker
lineations, some of which are undulated, and deep velvet black ;
a common pale brownish broad sub-marginal band also with the
blackish lineations; antenne yellow at tip of the club ; venter
dull whitish.

Obs. This pretty species we observed several times in the
North-West Territory, during the progress of the late expedition
under the command of Major S. H. Long, over that region. In
the vicinity of Fort William, an establishment of the Hudson
Bay Fur Company, it frequently occurred in the month of Sep-
tember whilst the party remained at that place. It is closely

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 63

allied to polychloros and urtice of Europe, but is sufficiently dis-
tinct from either.
The plate presents two views of the insect.

CRYPTOCEPHALUS. Puiate XXVIII.

Generic character. Body short, robust, cylindric ; head verti-
cal; antennz inserted between the eyes, simple, filiform, more
than half the length of the body ; palpi terminating with a conic-
cylindric joint, maxillary palpi very apparent.

Obs. Many of this group are agreeably ornamented with colored
spots and lines. They were mingled with the Chrysomele by
Linné, from which they may be known by the more cylindrical
form of the body, and by the abrupt deflection of the head. In
these characters, the present genus corresponds with Clythra,
to which it is more closely allied than to any other; but the an-
tenn of Clythra are short and serrated, instead of being long,
simple, and filiform, as in the genus before us. The genus
Cryptocephalus was established by Geoffroy, and has been adopted
by the greater number of entomologists who have written since
his time. These insects feed on vegetables, and many of the
species are very injurious to useful plants, by devouring their
leaves andbuds. The larva is furnished with six scaly feet, which
are situated near the head; some of the species in the larva state
protect themselves from the ardor of the sun, and from the
attacks of their enemies, by fabricating a cylindrical covering,
closed at one end, into which they can withdraw every part of
the body ; it is generally composed of small grains of vegetable
and excrementitious matter, agglutinated together by a viscous
excretion from the body. With the head and feet protruded
from this little domicil, and carrying it erect with respect to
their pathway, the artificer proceeds at a slow pace, in quest of
food. The perfect insect is also slow in its movements, and on
the approach of danger, it counterfeits death by retracting the
feet and antennz close to the body, and permitting itself to fall
from any height to the ground.

CRYPTOCEPHALUS ORNATUS.—Specific character. Reddish-
brown; thorax with the margin and two spots, yellow; elytra
yellow, with two black vittz on each.

64 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Cryptocephalus ornatus Fabr. Syst. Eleut. pt. 2, p. 47, no. 32.
Coqueb. Hlustr. Icon. Insect. p. 129, pl. 29, fig. 10, a. b.

Desc. Body reddish-brown: antenne black, five basal joints pale
reddish-yellow ; orbital line yellow: thorax with the anterior and
lateral margins yellow, the edge black ; base with two yellow, oblique
abbreviated lines, curvilinearly united over the scutel, so as to form
an are of a circle: elytra pale yellow, with two black, abbreviated
vittz on each, and a black suture; the lateral vitta originates on
the humerus, and terminates near the tip; the inner one is
oblique, and becomes confluent with the suture a little beyond
the middle; the common black sutural vitta includes the scutel
at base, and does not reach the tip; edge all round, black; anal
segment with an obscure yellow are.

Obs. The ornatus of Herbst, in Fuessly’s Archives, and of
Olivier in the Encyc. Method. is quite a different insect from
the present ; but as that is an uncertain species, we prefer retain-
ing the name for our insect.

This species is an inhabitant of various parts of the United
States. I have found it in the middle and southern States, at
the Rocky Mountains, and in the North-Western Territory. It
is subject to vary, in having the exterior vitta of the elytra so
widely interrupted in its continuity, as to exhibit only two re-
mote spots.

The upper right figure.

[Not the Fabrician species according to Suffrian (Linn. Ent. 6,
241) and named by him C. calidus. Much confusion exists
among our striped Cryptocephali, and examination is still neces-
sary to distinguish species from races and varieties.—LEC. ]

CRYPTOCEPHALUS CONFLUENTUS [ CONFLUENS |.— Specific char-
acter. Rufous; elytra yellow, trilineate with black ; the inner
line confluent with the suture beyond the middle.

Cryptocephalus confluentus nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences,
vol. iii. p. 440.

Desc. Body yellowish-rufous: head impunctured, yellow; a
rufous spot on the vertex, and another surrounding the base of
each antenna: antenne black, pale at base: thorax impunctured ;
anterior and lateral margins yellowish ; lateral submargin more
deeply rufous than the disk: scutel black: elytra pale yellow,
with punctured striz; three longitudinal, nearly parallel black

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 6d

lines on each elytron, the interior line confluent with the suture
near the tip: edge all round, black: beneath rufous.

Obs. The similarity of this species with the preceding, is ob-
vious, and even striking ; but it is specifically distinguished by the
existence of two black hes on the elytra, in place of the exte-
rior one of that insect. I obtained several specimens near the
Rocky Mountains, when with Major Long’s party in that region,
but it does not appear to be an inhabitant of the Atlantic States.

The upper left figure.

CRYPTOCEPHALUS BIVITTATUS.—Specific character. Yellow-
ish-rufous, punctured ; elytra yellow, with two vitta, and sutural
edge black.

Cryptocephalus binittatus nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences,
vol. iii. p. 440.

Desc. Body yellowish-rufous, punctured: orbits yellow: frout
with a longitudinal indented line: thorax with dense impressed
punctures ; lateral margin and an abbreviated obsolete dorsal line
originating at the anterior edge, more distinctly yellow: scutel
black: elytra irregularly and densely punctured, one or two
regular series of punctures on the exterior margin ; color yellow;
each elytrum with a broad black vitta originating midway be-
tween the humerus and scutel, and not reaching the tip; another
vitta, less dilated than the estiag takes its rise at the hume-
rus, and terminates a little beyond the tip of the preceding vitta;
it is generally interrupted into two or three spots: beneath very
pale rufous: postpectus varied with dusky.

Obs. I obtained this species near the Rocky Mountains, whilst
descending the Arkansaw river with Major Long’s Eadie
party. It is at once distinguishable from its companions on the
annexed plate, by the confused and dense puncturation of its
elytra.

The middle figure.

[This is a variety of Pachybrachys viduatus according to Suf-
frian; Linn. Ent. 7, 154.—Lec.]

CRYPTOCEPHALUS VIDUATUS.—Specific character. Black ;
thorax with three abbreviated yellow lines; elytra yellow, with
two black vittee.

Cryptocephalus viduatus Fabr. Syst. Eleut. pt. 2, p. 49.
No. 49.

5

66 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Desc. Head black, with a yellowish spot at each superior can-
thus of the eyes, and another at the mouth: antenne at base
yellowish : front with an impressed line: thorax densely punc-
tured; anterior and lateral margins yellow, tinged with rufous:
a yellow abbreviated line commences at the middle of the ante-
rior margin, and terminates at the middle of the disk; two dis-
tant yellow abbreviated lines arise from the basal margin, and
terminate each side of the middle of the disk: scutel black:
elytra yellow, with striz of impressed punctures: two dilated
black vittee, of which one originates on the humerus, and does
not reach the tip, the other is rather shorter, originating midway
between the preceding and the scutel, and hardly approaching
the suture at its tip; suture black: anal segment whitish; be-
neath black: feet rufous.

Obs. I obtained the specimen from which this description and
the figure were taken, on the bank of the Mississippi river, above
the confluence of the Ohio. Some doubts may reasonably be
entertained, respecting the identity of this insect and the viduatus
of Fabricius, on account of its smaller size, and the character of
“ pedibus variegatus,” attributed to this insect by that author.
But as the present specimen corresponds with his description in
every other respect, and as the difference in magnitude may be
dependent on sex alone, I have ventured to refer it to that spe-
cies. It is now figured for the first time.

[Different from the Fabrician species according to Suffrian,
who (Linn. Ent. 7, 227) has named it Pachybrachys litigiosus.
—Lec. |

The lower right figure.

CRYPTOCEPHALUS OTHONUS.—Specific character. Black;
thorax with a narrow margin and abbreviated line, dull fulvous ;
elytra yellowish, with two black vitte.

Desc. Head with small dense punctures ; black, with two trian-
gular yellow or rufous spots at the superior canthi of the eyes :
antenne yellowish at base: thorax black, confluently punctured,
with a narrow margin all round, and a dorsal line extending from
the anterior edge to the middle, dull fulvous : scutel black : elytra
dull yellowish-white, with two broad black vitte abbreviated
near the tip, the exterior one originates at the humerus, and the
other takes its rise on the basal margin, midway between the ex-

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 67

terior vitta and the scutel, it does not approach the suture at its
tip; sutural edge black ; the series of punctures are rather large
and profoundly impressed : beneath black, punctured : feet pale
testaceous.

Obs. This is the C. bivittatus of Melsheimer’s Catalogue ; I
certainly would haye adopted his name, had I not inadvertently
pre-occupied it with the description of the preceding species,
before I was acquainted with this insect. It can be readily per-
ceived to be specifically distinct from either of those represented
with it on the accompanying plate, by the confluent density of
the thoracic punctures, as well as by its colors and their arrange-
ment.

The lower left figure.

[Belongs to Pachybrachys.—LEc. ]

SCOLIA. PuLatre XXIX.

Generic character. Thorax with the first segment very much
arcuated and contracted on the posterior middle ; antennz robust,
with short close set joints; the first joint long, cylindrical ; second
joint distinct ; superior wings not folded ; radial cellule detached
at tip from the anterior edge of the wing; cubital cellules two
or three, the last one remote from the tip of the wing, the first
one placed on the same longitudinal line with the radial cellule ;
eyes emarginate ; stemmata three; thighs thick, arcuated in the
females, compressed ; tail three spined in the males.

Obs. A genus, in some respects, closely allied to Tiphia and
Plesia, but at once distinguishable by the emarginated eyes.
The thighs are remarkable for their thickness and curvature.
The form of the cubital cellules varies considerably, but to a
determinate and limited extent. In the distribution of the
nervures of the wings, Jurine remarks, they present more re-
markable anomalies, than are to be found in any other hymenop-
terous insects; “it would seem that nature, in circumscribing
the extent of the cubital cellules, has amused herself with vary-
ing them in several respects of manner and form, supplying to
one part what she retrenches from another.” Latreille has
availed himself of these anomalies, to form divisions of the
numerous species of this genus. This author gives the following
account of the species: Many of them are of a large size, and

68 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

inhabit warm and temperate climates exclusively. In Europe,
the larger species begin to appear about the forty-third degree of
latitude. Their metamorphosis is unknown, but Mr. Latreille
supposes that their larve are parasitical, from the circumstance
of his not having seen the parents transport larve, spiders, &c.,
to feed their young. They frequent arid, sandy places, and feed
on the contents of the nectary of flowers.

ScoLIA CONFLUENTA [CONFLUENS?].—WNSpecific character.
Black ; tergum trifusciate with yellow.

Scolia confluenta nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. ii.
p. 74.

Desc. Body deep black ; antenne short, arcuated: front, occi-
put with yellowish cinereous hair: thorax immaculate, with yel-
lowish cinereous hair before: wings tinged with ferruginous:
neryures ferruginous: cubital cellules two, the second receiving
two recurrent neryures: metathorax acutely edged and hairy
above; behind concave and very rugous, with elevated, abbre-
yiated, transverse lines, and a longitudinal one: tibiz rugous,
armed with prominent spines: abdomen, segments ciliated on
the edge: tergum trifasciate with yellow; first band with a small
black dot on the middle of the anterior edge ; second band widely
and deeply emarginated on the anterior middle, and rather
abruptly narrowed on the side; third band composed of two con- -
fluent triangles, which are marked by a small black transverse
dot near the exterior angle of each.

Obs. This fine species inhabits Arkansaw ; it agrees with the
description of fossulana Fabr., excepting that it has but three
bands on the tergum.

The upper figure.

ScoLiaA OCTO-MACULATA.— Specific character. Thorax black,
seutel with a yellow line; tergum four-spotted each side.

Scolia octo-maculata nobis, West Quart. Report. vol. 11. p. 74.

Head black, with the vertex, basal joint of the antennex, ante-
rior margin of the clypeus, and base of the mandibles, dull
rufous: thorax black, anterior segment, and two spots before the
scutel, obsoletely dull rufous: scutel with a yellow line: meta-
thorax rufous each side and above: superior wings tinged with
purplish ; costal margin rufous to the tip of the cellules: cubital
cellules three, the intermediate one petiolated, and receiving two

;

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 69

recurrent neryures: feet rufous : tergum-dusky rufous, with four
transversely oval bright yellow spots on each side, of which the
anterior one is very small, and the posterior one is nearly extended
into a band.

Obs. Inhabits various parts of the Union, and is not uncom-
mon in Pennsylvania. The wing cells are remarkable; the in-
termediate cubital cellule having two recurrent nervures.

The lower figure.

ScoLia TRICINCTA.—WNSpecijic character. Black; collar with
two yellow spots; scutel with one yellow spot; tergum trifasciate
with yellow.

Scolia tricincta nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. 1.
p. 74.

Desc. Body black: front with obscure yellowish hair: mandi-
bles rufous at base: collar with a yellow spot on each side, some-
times united: squammula rufous: scutel with a small yellow
spot: feet rufous: superior wings dusky on the costal tip, ner-
vures ferruginous: cubital cells two, the second receiving one
recurrent nervure: tergum with three yellow bands, of which
the first and second are nearly, or, quite interrupted in the middle
each into two oval spots; first segment with an obscure piceous
band.

Obs. The terminal nervure of the radial cellule is so perfectly
transverse, that the cellule has not the usual appearance of being
separated at tip from the costal edge of the wing. The species
is, notwithstanding this anomaly, a true Scolia.

The middle figure.

,
PIERIS. Piate XXX.

Generic character. Feet nearly equal; nails of the tarsi very
apparent, bifid or unidentate; inferior wings dilated beneath the
abdomen, so as to form a groove.

Obs. This is one of the many genera into which the vast and
sumptuous genus Papilio, of Linné, has been separated. We are
indebted for it to Schrank. It nearly corresponds to the group
of Danai candidi, and includes the genera Colias, and Pontia of
Fabricius, and Gonepteryx of Leach.

These butterflies are natives of various regions of the globe:
some of them are very frequent in almost every field, and must

70 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

have been noticed by the most casual observer, flitting with a
devious direction over the herbage, and on meeting with a com-
panion mounting aloft in the air, with a hurried and irregular
movement. Some species occasionally alight in great numbers
on moist places in roads.

The caterpillar is destitute of the retractile tentacula of the
neck, and the chrysalis is of an angulated form, attached toa
fixed object aby thread passed around the body, the head being
upward.

PIERIS NICIPPE.—Specific character. Wings slightly crenate,
fulvous ; terminal margin black-brown; upper pair with a black
abbreviated line before the middle on each page; inferior pair
with abbreviated ferruginous lines and spots.

Papilio nicippe Cramer, tab. 210, fig. C, D. Herbst, Natur.
Ins. pt. 5, p. 176, pl. 107, fig. 3, 4.

Desc. The black terminal margin of the upper wings extends
along the costal margin nearly to the middle ; the black transverse
line on this pair of wings is very short, and consists of two cur-
vatures ; this curvilinear line appears also on the inferior surface,
which is yellow, very slightly tinged with fulvous on the disk,
with a blackish point at each indentation of the edge, and an
ovate bright fulvous spot near the base ; the black terminal mar-
gin of the inferior wings has a prominent undulation in the mid-
dle ; the inferior surface of this pair of wings is yellow, marked
by numerous brownish or ferruginous abbreviated transverse
lines, a minute black point in the centre of the wing, and two or
three more obvious, irregularly undulated, ferruginous, oblique
lines: head and thorax above, blackish: antenne blackish, be-
neath white, with black incisures: feet whitish : abdomen black,
each side with a yellow line : venter with yellow incisures.

Obs. It is said by Cramer to inhabit Virginia, but it is also
found in Pennsylvania, and in all the Southern States. It is
subject to some little variations ; the fine fulvous spot near the
base of the inferior surface of the upper wings, is sometimes
white, and the oblique lines under the inferior wings, differ in
width and distinctness.

The plate represents two views of the natural size.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 71

REDUVIUS Fabr., Latr. PiLare XXXI.

Generic character. Body not linear ; thorax sub-bilobate ; ros-
tellum arcuated, three-jointed, middle joint longest: antennze in-
serted above a line drawn from the eyes to the base of the rostrum ;
tibiz simple.

Obs. Linné placed the species in the same genus with the
common and well known “bed-bug,” from which, however, they
are without doubt very distinct. Under the reforming hand of
Fabricius, they were established as a separate group, with the
present designation. These insects are carnivorous, and live by
rapine in all their states. They seize smaller insects, and suck
out their fluids. The collector must be very cautious how he
handles these insects, as they are apt to inflict a painful pune-
ture with their very pointed beak. When disturbed they emit
an acute sound, by the friction of the base of the head or the
neck against the thorax.

REDUVIUS NOVENARIUS.— Specific character. Blackish; an-
tennz and rostellum rufous: thorax crested, crest eight or nine-
toothed.

Desc. Brownish liver color, with very short hair; head cylin-
drical, a profoundly impressed transverse line between the eyes:
a spine behind each antenna inclining forwards: antenne ru-
fous ; rostellum dark rufous, first joint more than half the whole
length of the organ ; thorax with a short robust spine each side
at the base of the head: crest prominent, with eight or nine
cylindrical, rather distant teeth: lateral angles bidentate, poste-
rior tooth: largest: posterior margin crenate, with two promi-
nent, terminal spines : hemelytra, membranaceous portion, brassy :
feet simple, rather long; tibiz tinged with rufous.

Obs. This large and fine species is not uncommon in various
parts of the Union, at least from Pennsylvania to the southern
boundary. Its puncture is very painful, benumbing the vicinity
of the wounded part, for a considerable time.

Its great similarity to the R. cristatus of South America, has
hitherto induced entomologists to identify it with that species ;
but having carefully considered their respective characters, I am
of opinion that they are distinct, though certainly very closely
allied. The cristatus has at least twelve denticulations to its

72 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

erest, and its pale rufous tibiae, strongly contrast with the femoral
color

The upper right figure of the plate.

REDUVIUS CRASSIPES.— Specijic character. Blackish ; thorax
and abdomen margined with reddish; feet thick.

Reduvius crassipes Fabr., Syst. Rhyng. p. 273.

Desc. Body villous ; posterior lobe bituberculate : thorax mar-
gined all around with red; anterior lobe with a triangular central
indentation ; scutel with a red band beyond the middle: heme-
lytra with a reddish humerus; coriaceous portion with two or
three obsolete reddish points at tip; membranaceous portion
much deeper black; tergum with red triangular spots on the
incisures at the lateral margin: pectus with a spot above the in-
sertion of each foot, and coxee red: venter margined each side
with red.

Obs. This species was obtained by Bosc, in Carolina, and was
described from his collection by Fabricius. I found the specimen
in Arkansaw.

The lower right figure.

REDUVIUS SPISSIPES.— Specific character. Thorax and he-
melytra light reddish-brown, edged behind with whitish; feet
thick.

Reduvius spissipes nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iv. p. 328.

Desc. Head black, posterior lobe with two tubercles: thorax
light reddish-brown ; anterior lobe with dilated, black, oblique, or
arcuated lines, of which some are confluent ; posterior lobe hardly
more elevated than the preceding, with a black posterior sub-
margin, and white posterior margin ; scutel black, margined with
white, and tipped by a few hairs: hemelytra, coriaceous portion
light reddish-brown, with a narrow whitish posterior margin ;
membranaceous portion black, or dark fuscous; feet thickened,
black, hairy; coxz bright red: abdomen black ; margin and band
on each segment, white.

Obs. The species here described, is very closely allied to the
crassipes. It occurred in some plenty in Arkansaw.

The lower left figure.

REDUVIUS RAPTATORIUS.—Specific characters. Obscure

brownish: head, thorax, and anterior feet spinous; the latter
Taptatory.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 78

Reduvius raptatorius nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iv. p.327.

Desc. Body oblong, obscure brownish; head with a deeply
impressed line above the eyes, spinous; six larger spines before
the impressed line, placed two and two, and two or four larger
ones behind the line: stemmata sanguineous; eyes inserted in
the lateral middle of the head : antenne inserted near the tip of
the clypeus, with dilated annulations of dull rufous and pale ;
rostellum slightly arcuated, pale: thorax with numerous, short,
obtuse spines on the anterior lobe, and dense granulations on the
posterior lobe : posterior angles hardly prominent; feet somewhat
pale, sub-annulate, granulated: anterior pair raptatory; thighs
unequal, anterior pair robust, villous, dusky, armed with an erect,
prominent, obtuse spine, near the tip above, and a double series
of ten equal, equidistant, acute spines beneath; anterior tibiz
with a double series of six similar spines on the inner side; ter-
gum rufous on the disk, margin varied with black and pale;
hemelytra on the membranaceous tip, with a longitudinal red-
dish-brown line.

Obs. This may possibly prove to be the R. diadema Fabr.
It is common in many parts of the Union, and I found it not un-
common in Missouri, as well as in Pennsylvania.

The upper left figure of the plate.

TREMEX. Puate XXXII.

Generic Character. Antenne setaceous, inserted on the front,
thirteen or fourteen jointed; mandibles robust, short, denti-
culated ; labial palpi terminated by a thick, hairy joint; supe-
rior wings with two radial cellules, the second incomplete, and
two cubital cellules, of which the first is very large, receiving
the two recurrent neryures, the second incomplete, not attain-
ing the end of the wing; abdomen sessile, terminating in a point ;
oviduct exserted.

Obs. This genus is very similar to Sirex, from which it was
separated by Jurine. It may be distinguished by the smaller
number of joints in the antenng, as well as by the number and
form of the cellules of the wings.

TREMEX SERICEUS.—Specijic character. Ferruginous: ter-
gum yellowish-sericeous.
Tremex sericeus nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter vol. ii. p. 73.

74 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Desc. Body ferruginous, punctured ; head with three indented
longitudinal lines on the vertex, and a transverse one between
the eyes; antennze yellowish ; thorax scabrous before, disk with
a black spot on each side: wings brownish-fuliginous: carpus
yellowish : feet pale yellowish: thighs ferruginous: tergum pale
yellowish-fulyous, sericeous: pectus, above the posterior feet,
black.

Obs. The specimen is a female. I obtained it in Missouri,
whilst engaged in the exploring expedition under the command
of Major Long.

The upper figure.

TREMEX OBSOLETUS.—Specific character. Ferruginous ; ter-
gum black.

Tremex obsoletus nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. ii.
p- 73.

Desc. Body ferruginous, punctured: head with three obsolete
indented lines upon the vertex, and a transverse one between the
eyes: antenne pale ferruginous: thorax scabrous before, with a
black spot on each side of the disk: wings yellowish brown, hya-
line ; carpus rufous; posterior tibia and tarsi, black at their
tips; tergum black, polished ; segments, particularly those near
the base, with an obsoletely rufous spot on each side, more dis-
tinct on the fourth segment.

Obs. Taken in the same region with the preceding. The num-
ber of cubital cellules do not correspond with the definition
of the genus, as we have here adopted it. There are, in fact,
three cubital cellules, of which the first is very small, and it is
the second which receives the recurrent nervures. Notwith-
standing this character, however, there can be no doubt of these
insects being correctly arranged, when placed in this genus.

The left figure.

TREMEX COLUMBA.— Specific character. Thorax ferruginous;
abdomen with a band, and lateral spots yellow.

Sirex Columba Fabr., Syst. Piez. p. 49. Ameen. Acad. vol.
vi. p. 412. (Fabr.)

Sirex Pennsylvanica Degeer, Ins. vol. ili. p. 893, pt. 1, pl. 30,
fig. 13, (Fabr.)

Desc. Head ferruginous: vertex a little grooved, a blackish
line through the stemmata passes upon the posterior orbits: an-

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 0)

tennz black, four basal joints pale ferruginous, two terminal
joints fulvous: thorax ferruginous, sutures blackish: wings
blackish: carpus ferruginous: tergum deep black; first seg-
ment with a small obsolete spot each side, yellow; second seg-
ment yellow, with an inconspicuous longitudinal black line; re-
maining segments with an oblong-triangular yellow spot on the
base of each ; terminal spine, and valves of the oviduct, ferrugin-
ous: pectus black, a large ferruginous spot beneath the anterior
wings: feet pale ferruginous; thighs above, and posterior pair
entirely, black: venter, with the segments slightly tinged with
piceous.

Obs. The specimen above described, was taken on the bank of
the Missouririver. It inhabits many parts of the Union, and is
a very fine species.

The right figure.

PANGONIA. Puate XXXII.

Generic character. Wings divaricated ; antenne porrect, ap-
proximate, three-jointed ; first joint cylindrical, second cyathi-
form; third joint elongated, subulate, eight-ringed; proboscis
elongated, exserted ; stemmata three: abdomen of seven seg-
ments.

Obs. This genus is very closely allied to Tabanus, the species
having a close resemblance to each other; but, on accurate com-
parison, we shall agree with Latreille in the propriety of separat-
ing them. In fact, the Tabaniare altogether destitute of the
stemmata, aud are very different from insects of the present
genus in several other characters, such as the form of their
antenn, the disposition of the nervures of their wings, and the
comparative length of their proboscis. In some of the species,
the stemmata are so small as to require a lens to discover them,
but they certainly exist in all. Six species are described by
Meigen as inhabiting Europe ; and five extra Europeans are de-
scribed by Wiedemann.

These insects are inhabitants of warm climates, and are said to
subsist upon the honey of flowers; but Meigen suspects that
their females feed on the blood of animals, like those of the spe-
cies of other genera in this family.

PANGONIA INCISURALIS.— Specific character. Thorax dusty

76 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

glaucous, with dirty yellowish hair; abdomen dark chestnut,
with whitish incisures.

Pangonia incisuralis nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. ii. p. 31.

Desc. Front ochreous: ocelli distinct: hypostoma dusky :
palpi: and sete of the proboscis testaceous: proboscis black :
antenne pale yellowish: occiput with very short, greenish-yel-
low hair: thorax with two distinct obsolete lines: wings reddish-
brown: feet yellowish: thighs dark chestnut at base : tergum
and venter Q dark chestnut, polished, the posterior margins of
the segments whitish, and slightly hairy; 6 pale testaceous,
with short hair.

Obs. This is the only species yet known to inhabit North
America. It was brought from Arkansaw by Mr. Thomas
Nuttall.

The upper figure exhibits the appearance of the male, and the
lower that of the female.

GRYLLUS. Prats XXXIV.

Generic character. Antennee filiform, with from twenty to
twenty-five joints; hemelytra and wings deflected, the latter
large, much folded; posterior feet formed for leaping, hardly
longer than the body ; tarsi three-jointed; oviduct not exserted ;
stemmata unequidistant.

Obs. Insects of this genus are well known to every person in
this country by the familiar and characteristic name of “ grass-
hoppers.” They are in some seasons very abundant, and become
an inconvenience to the farmer, by devouring his grasses and
other vegetable productions. But their increase here is always
limited, so that, even when most numerous, a great portion of
the crop is saved. There are countries, however, where this is
not the case, and we have only to inform the reader, that the
migratory locust is one of the members of this genus, to apprize
him of their formidable character. ‘Of all the inseets which
seem capable of adding to the calamities of the human race, lo-
custs seem to possess the most formidable powers of destruction.
Legions of these voracious animals of various species are pro-
duced in Africa, where the devastation they commit, is almost
incredible. The air is darkened by their numbers; they carry
desolation with them wherever they pass, and in the short space

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 77

of a few hours are said to change the most fertile provinces into
a barren desert.” During their migrations in search of food,
they move in immense dense masses, which resemble huge thun-
der or hail clouds, and at the termination of their career, every
leaf is soon deyoured, and the atmosphere is finally loaded with
putrid exhalations from their dead bodies, producing pestilence
in the train of a general famine, which is the consequence of
their voracity.

Swarms of these animals have appeared in various parts of ,
Europe, from Tartary,and small flights have made their way
even into England. A species of this genus occasioned so much
destruction in some parts of Europe, that in the year 1813 the
French government issued decrees with a view to the destruction
of the larve. Although the thickly settled parts of the United
States are altogether unacquainted with the scourge of any spe-
cies of migratory locust, yet we shall have occasion at a future
time, to speak of several species found within the limits of our
territory, that have already proved a very serious evil.

There seems to be little doubt, that a species, probably the G.
migratorius, constituted one of the plagues of Egypt mentioned
in the Bible; and that John the Baptist was compelled to use
them for food during his sojourn in the wilderness.

Even at the present day, the inhabitants of divers countries of
Africa, make great use of these destructive insects for food. For
this purpose, the insect requires but little preparation, and we be-
lieve the hemelytra and wingsare always rejected, whether it is to be
eaten fresh, or salted. In the latter state, they are constantly ex-
posed for sale in the markets of the Levant, and they are known
to be a considerable article of commerce in that region.

Many travellers assure us that they constitute an agreeable
food ; according to Shaw, when fried with a little salt, they have
the taste of the Cray-fish, a crustaceous animal like a miniature
lobster, abounding in our fresh water streams. Some of the
Arabs are stated by Niebuhr, to preserve large quantities of
these insects in the dried state, for winter consumption.

The Grylli feed exclusively on vegetables. They fly with a
considerable strength of wing, and some species make a noise
when they poise themselves in the air previously to alighting, by
striking the hemelytra together. During their several changes,

78 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

they continue active and voracious, and their gait is always either
a leap or a walk. In the larva state, they are destitute of any
appearance of wings or hemelytra, but on changing to the pupa,
they gain the rudiments of those members, to be completely de-
veloped at the next change.

GRYLLUS FORMOSUS.—Specific character. Thorax with a
much elevated, compressed, and denticulated carina.

Desc. Body pale green: antennz yellowish: thorax armed
with numerous small denticles, above compressed, very much
elevated into a regularly arcuated carina, forming a portion of a
circle, the centre of which is anterior to the origin of the heme-
lytra; carina with two yellow radii, and yellow posterior and
anterior edges; posterior half of the edge, prominently denticu-,
lated : hemelytra with about six large brown spots, with areole,
placed 2, 2, 2: posterior thighs annulate, with yellow.

Obs. When returning with a detachment of Major Long’s
party, at a distance of about an hundred and fifty miles from the
mountains, on the banks. of the Arkansaw river, I had the plea-
sure to find a considerable number of this uncommonly beautiful
species. It occurred only in a very limited district, and was not
afterwards seen.

The middle figure, with a wing above on the left.

GRYLLUS HIRTIPES.— Specific character. Head conic, pos-
terior segment of the thorax elevated into a carina.

Desc. Body pale green: head above conic, elevated, with dark
green lines: antenne red: thorax varied with dark green ; pos-
terior segment compressed above, and elevated into a prominent,
arcuated, mutic carina: hemelytra with large, confluent, dark
green spots: feet hairy; posterior tibie densely hairy.

Obs. A curious species, of which the conic head gives it the
air of a Truxalis, but the antennz are not ensiform, neither are
the posterior thighs elongated, as in that genus. The anterior
segment of the thorax is altogether destitute of any appearance
of carina.

It occurred with the preceding.

The upper figure, with a wing below on the right.

GRYLLUS TRIFASCIATUS.— Specific character. Hemelytra tri-

fasciate with fuscous ; wings pale yellow at base, with a fuscous
band.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 79

Desc. Head green: antenne blackish, first and second joints
pale; triangular space between the eyes, brown, extending in a
curved line backwards and downwards: thorax greenish-brown,
above depressed, on the two anterior segments an inconspicuous,
hardly elevated, longitudinal line : hemelytra pale dull yellowish,
at base brownish, nervures at tip, dusky ; three equidistant broad
brownish-black bands, the intermediate one on the middle : wings
pale yellow, with a slight tinge of green; a broad brownish black
band, narrowed and marginal behind; tip dull whitish, with the
nervures blackish: posterior thighs dull yellowish, with a black
band on the middle, on the inner side, extending broadly towards
the base ; tip blackish: posterior tibie bright fulvous.

Obs. This pretty insect occurred in Arkansaw, at the distance

of about three hundred miles from the Rocky Mountains.

The lower figure.

HETEROMYIA. Pruate XXXV.

Artificial character. Antenne porrect, filiform, fourteen
jointed ; five terminal joints elongated; palpi exserted, a little
arcuated, four jointed ; basal joint shortest, a little contracted in
the middle; ocelli none; eyes reniform; posterior feet much
elongated, slender, and with a single nail at tip; anterior pair
with somewhat elongated coxze, and much dilated femora, armed
with a series of short spines on the anterior edge, on which the
arcuated tibia closes.

Natural character. Body moderately slender; head small,
rounded, flattened before; antennz in the middle of the face;
first joint large, but not long; the eight following joints sub-
oval; the five terminal joints long, not dilated, cylindric, each
being twice the length of one of the preceding ones; eyes reni-
form, large, wider beneath, and approaching above ; stemmata
none; palpi arcuated, four jointed, first joint shortest, last joint
longest; proboscis shorter than the head; thorax sub-globular,
convex above, and projecting a little forward acutely before ; be-
neath convex; scutel transverse; wings moderate, somewhat
lanceolate ; poisers naked ; feet unequal; anterior pair with the
coxe somewhat elongated; thighs dilated, and with a series of
spines on the lower side; tibia arcuated, accurately closing on
the inferior surface of the thigh; tarsi moderate ; intermediate

80 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

pair slender, longer than the anteriors; third pair longest, slen-
der, the tarsi elongated, terminated by a single long and slender
nail.

Obs. This genus is closely allied to Tanypus, Chironomus, and
Ceratopogon, but it differs from them by the remarkable confor-
mation of the anterior and posterior feet.

[This genus appears to be one of the numerous forms of Cera-
topogon. Mr. Winnertz in his excellent Monograph of this
genus (Linnza Hntomologia, 6,) did not subdivide it into new
genera, but among the forms he mentions several which are very
like Heteroymia. Some of them have one claw of the tarsi much
shorter than the other, approaching by this character Heteromyia,
which according to Say has but one claw on the posterior tarsi.
It is strange that Say does not describe the antennz of the male.
—SACKEN. ]

HeETEROMYIA FASCIATA.—Specific character. Wings hyaline,
trifasciate with dusky.

Desc. Body testaceous: thorax with a black disk: wings with
three equidistant bands, the two exterior ones somewhat conflu-
ent: posterior thighs a little dilated towards the tip: abdomen
with a silvery sericeous reflection; % cylindrical, 9? dilated
towards the tip.

Variety a. Thorax entirely testaceous.

Obs. The manners and habits of this insect are unknown,
though it is of rather frequent occurrence.

HIPPARCHIA. Pirate XXXVI.

Generic character. Antenne with a slender, somewhat fusci-
form, [fusiform ?] or trigonate-orbicular club ; palpi meeting above
the tongue, with the second joint very much compressed, and much
longer than the first ; anterior pair of feet shorter than the rest, and
often very hairy; feet of the other legs with double nails; hinder
wings somewhat orbiculate-triangulate, with the internal margin
excavated to receive the abdomen ; the middle cell closed behind,
. from which part the nervures radiate; the outer margin entire,
or with acute or obtuse indentations. (Leach)

Obs. We adopt the generic name from Fabricius. It is the
Maniola of Schrank, Satyrus of Latreille, and of course, Papilio
of Linné. The genus is numerous in species, and the wings of

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 81

many are beautifully ornamented with eye-like spots. The cater-
pillar is downy and bimucronate behind. The pupa is suspended
by the tail; it is angulated, bimucronate on the front.

HipPARCHIA ANDROMACHA.—<Specific character. Wings
brown, with sub-marginal blackish spot; beneath paler, sub-
perlaceous, with a series of ocellate spots.

Oreas marmorea Andromacha Hubner.

Desc. Body above, and the superior surface of the wings,
brown: anterior wings beyond the middle, with a broad paler
band, bifid before, and including a series of four fuscous oval
spots, or epupillate ocelle, of which the second, and sometimes
the third, are small, and the posterior one largest ; between the
band and the exterior edge is a single narrow pale line, sometimes
obsolete ; exterior edge alternately white and black: posterior
wings with a narrow, fuscous, angulated line across the middle,
and a broad pale band beyond the middle, in which is a series of
five fuscous epupillate ocella, with a yellow iris, the third smallest,
then the fifth, the first being largest; exterior margin slightly
tinged with rufous, and with one or two fuscous lines: beneath
perlaceous, with a brown narrow band before.the middle, and
another rather beyond the middle; beyond which, is a broad
lighter perlaceous band, in which, on the superior wings are four
epupillate ocellz, the two or three anterior ones small; and on
the inferior wings are six ocellate spots, consisting of a fuscous
spot surrounded by a yellow line, and having a white pupil ; first
_ spot distant, third small, fifth double; exterior margin with a
yellow line.

Obs. Two specimens of this inseet were presented to me by
Mr. Thomas Nuttall, who obtained them in Arkansaw. It seems
probable, that they also inhabit the southern Atlantic States, as
Hubner has given a plate of the insect. It has not been found
so far north as Pennsylvania.

SPECTRUM. Puate XXXVII. and XX XVITI.

Generic character. Body elongated, slender, cylindrical ; head
slightly inclined, oval; antennz long, slender, with numerous
joints, inserted before the eyes; palpi cylindrical, short ; labium
quadrifid, the two inner divisions shortest ; feet simple, the ante-

6

82 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

rior pair being similar to the others; tarsi five-jointed ; elytra
very short or none.

Obs. We are told that there was a time, when a piece of wood
was transformed into a serpent, and even in the present age of
knowledge, a hair fallen from the mane or tail of a horse into a
stream of water, is believed by many to become animated into a
distinct being ; dead leaves shed by the parent tree are said to
change gradually into animals of singular shape, and to have
changed their place of abode under the eye of the historian who
related the wonderful tale; dead sticks also were said to sprout
legs, to move from place to place, and perform all the functions
of a living body. These, and a thousand other equally ridiculous
tales, were at one period or another, more or less generally ad-
mitted as indisputable truths, and to contradict them would only
be to expose oneself to the imputation of ignorance or criminal
faithlessness. And although at present the possibility of making
a living serpent out of wood, and the story of animated leaves
and sticks would be despised as absurd, yet many are to be found,
both in Europe and America, who firmly believe in the reanima-
tion of a horsehair. But the most obvious errors have often a
shadow of truth whereon to rest, or palliate, if not excuse them
by the plea of ignorance or mistake. The historian of the walk-
ing leaf may have been deceived by the Mantis siccifolium of
Linné, the wings of which have some resemblance to a leaf.
The Gordius resembles a horsehair, and no doubt gave rise to
the story of the metamorphosis above mentioned, and the account
of the walking sticks may have very honestly originated from the
singular appearance and form of some insects of the present
genus. These are long, slender and cylindrical; and on a first
view it is not a little difficult to reconcile their appearance to our
preconceived ideas of the general insect form. They are never-
theless perfectly inoffensive, and feed altogether on vegetables.
They are, probably, indebted for safety from the attacks of their
enemies the birds, to their deceptive appearance, and by their
general similarity in point of color to the object on which they
rest.

SPECTRUM FEMORATUM.—Specijfic character. Apterous; in-
termediate thighs dilated, angulated, and with the posterior
thighs armed with a spine near the tip beneath.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 83

Desc.—Male. Body greenish-brown, without any rudiment of
hemelytra ; head yellowish with three dilated fuscous vitte ;
antennze brown: anterior thighs unarmed, simple, bright green :
tibia dull green, tip and tarsus testaceous; intermediate thighs
dilated, angulated, pale ochreous, annulated with brown, the in-
ferior angulated lines slightly serrated; a prominent, piceous,
acute, robust spine beneath near the tip ; tibize greenish, slightly
‘serrated on the inner side; tarsus testaceous; posterior thighs
brownish, ochreous, with a prominent, piceous, acute, robust spine
near the tip beneath.

Female. Body cinereous, more robust than that of the male:
thighs nearly equal, intermediate and posterior pairs with the
subterminal spines very short.

Obs. I first published an account of this species in “ Long’s
second Expedition,’ from a male specimen obtained near the
Falls of Niagara on a Hickory tree. I had previously found an
individual in Missouri, and recently on a journey with Mr.
Maclure, I found several specimens on the sheltered face of a
rock at Franklin, New Jersey; amongst these was the female
which we now make known.

Since the above was written, Mr. Charles Pickering, of Salem,
Massachusetts, has informed me that he obtained an individual
near that city.

The left figure of the plate represents the female.

The right hand figure, the male.

SPECTRUM BIVITTATUM.— Specific character. Brown or black-
ish, with two yellow dorsal vittz.

Dese.—Male. Body above black, with two broad yellow vittae
extending from the base of the antennz to the posterior ex-
tremity of the body: antennz dull reddish brown, not much
elongated: beneath dull yellowish clay color: feet dusky, thighs
unarmed, blackish towards the tip.

Female, much larger than the male, the body brownish in
those parts which on the male are black, with the exception of
the vertebral line which is black; the yellow vittze become some-
times obsolete towards the posterior part of the body: thighs
unarmed.

Obs. The disparity of size between the sexes of this species,
would almost lead us to doubt their specific identity, or at least

84 AMEBICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

it would induce us to believe that the diminutive male is no other
than the young of the female he accompanies as a mate.

On a journey to Florida with Mr. Maclure, I obtained a female
which was crawling up the body of an Orange tree on Cumber-
land Island, Georgia. The male I had not seen until the recent
return of Mr. T. Peale from that country, who brought many
individuals of both sexes. He observed them in plenty in the
southern part of that region. They were generally in pairs, on
the Palmetto, lying close to the rib of the leaf. Mr. Peale re-
marked that when taken they discharge a milky fluid, from two
pores of the thorax, diffusing a strong odor, in a great measure
like that of the common Gnapthalium, or “ Life everlasting ;”
and as this plant was growing near the place where they occurred,
he supposed that it constituted at least part of their food. They
vary much in color, but it is believed that the two dorsal yellow
stripes are never wanting.

The upper figure of the plate represents the male.

The lower figure, the female.

LANGURIA. Puarte XXXIX.

Generic character. Body rather slender, cylindrical; antennz
with a gradually formed club of five or six joints; palpi filiform,
terminal joint of the labials a little larger than the others ;
mandibles bifid at tip; maxille with horny teeth; tarsi with
dense hairs beneath the three basal joints, the third bilobate.

Obs. The manners and habits of these insects are but little
known, and as the species are chiefly North American, it is with
our entomologists that the task of investigating them will rest.
They have been said to frequent flowers, and I can corroborate
the truth of the remark, by stating that I have frequently found
them on flowers myself; but as Latreille observes, if they feed
only on the contents of the nectary, to what use can the horny
teeth be applied with which their jaws are furnished? This is
a very limited genus; Fabricius described three species in his
last work on insects of this order, two from Sumatra under the
names of Trogosita elongata and jiliformis, and the other from
North America, under that of Zrogosita bicolor. He perceived
that they did not altogether correspond with the other species of
the group to which he referred them, for when describing the

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 85

latter species, he expressly states, that in its elongated and cylin-
drical appearance it differed from Tenebrio, and that it ought
perhaps to form a distinct genus. Liatreille finally established a
genus under the name we have adopted, in his “ Histoire Natu-
relle des Crustacés et Insectes,” for the reception of the bicolor.
In his “ Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum,” he described an-
other under the name of LZ. Mozardi; and in the pages of the
“Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,”
I increased the number to six, by the publication of two new
species.

LANGURIA BICOLOR.—Specific character. Black, slender:
thorax rufous, with a dilated black vitta.

Trogosita bicolor Fabr. Syst. Eleut. part 1, p. 152.

Laguria bicolor Latr. Hist. Nat. Crust. et Ins. 12, p. 35.
Genera Crust. et Ins. 3, p. 65. pl. 11, fig. 11. Lam. An. sans
Vert. 4, p. 289.

Desc. Body piceous-black, slender: head dark piceous, with
very obvious punctures: thorax pale yellowish-rufous, with ob-
vious, rather distant punctures, and a dilated vitta of a dark
piceous color, occupying about one-third of the surface: elytra
black, with strongly impressed striz of punctures: pectus pale
yellowish rufous : postpectus black : feet blackish-piceous : venter
piceous.

Obs. It may be distinguished from the puncticollis, to which
it is perhaps most closely allied, aside from its colors and more
elongated form, by the obvious punctures of the head and thorax,
as well as by the more deeply impressed punctures of the strive
and the approximation of the strize to each other.

The lowest figure of the plate.

[Latreille was the first to apply the name of Fabricius to this
species with which his description by no means agrees: other
authors have copied his error. I have named it LZ. Latreillei ;
vide Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 7, 160.—Lec. ]

LanauriA Mozarpi.—Specific character. Rufous ; antenne,
elytra, and feet black.

Languria Mozardi Watr. Genera Crust. et Ins. 3, p. 66.
Lamarck An. sans Vert. 4, p. 290.

Desc. Body pale rufous, glabrous: antenne dark piceous:
thorax immaculate: elytra punctured ; the punctures placed in

86 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

regular series, deeply impressed, but without impressed strie:
feet black; thighs pale-rufous at base, tibie with a slight rufous
tinge : venter with the three posterior segments black.

Obs. This species was first described by Latreille in his ela-
borate and important work entitled “Genera crustaceorum et
insectorum.” The specific name is that of the donor. The
Mozardi has not been hitherto figured.

The left figure of the plate.

LANGURIA PUNCTICOLLIS.—Specijic character. Rufous; an-
tennee, thoracic spot, elytra and feet black.

LL. puncticollis nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 3, p. 462.

Desc. Body rufous: antenne and palpi black: thorax with a
small, round, black spot on the middle, and an abbreviated, in-
dented line upon the basal margin each side of the middle; ely-
tra with rather slight striz of impressed points, black, slightly
tinged with blue: feet entirely black: venter, terminal segment,
black.

Obs. I obtained this species on the bank of the Mississippi
river, above the confluence of the Ohio. It somewhat resembles
LL. bicolor Fabr., but is more robust.

The upper figure of the plate.

LANGURIA TRIFASCIATA.— Specific character. Rufous; head
black: elytra bifasciate with violaceous.

LL. 3-fasciata nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Se. iii. p. 462.

Desc. Body rufous, punctured: head black: antenne, with
the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth joints, dull rufous: thorax
immaculate: elytra with a violaceous base and tip; each band
occupying about one-third of the entire length; with striz of
punctures: feet pale: venter at the tip, and obsoletely at base,
black.

Obs. This species was also found on the bank of the Missis-
sippi, above the entrance of the Ohio river. It is about equal in
size to the L. Mozardi Latr.

The right figure of the plate.

PAPILIO. Puare XL.
For generic characters, see the article on Papilio Philenor.
{ante p. 1.]
Obs. In pursuance of his attempt to unite natural and civil his-

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 87

tory, Linné divided his vast genus Papilio into several families, of
which he named the first Equites or Knights. This family, con-
taining some of the largest and most beautiful of the insect tribes,
was subdivided into Trojans and Greeks. The former were dis-
tinguished by red spots on the breast.

The P. Philenor which we have already represented, belongs to
the division of Trojans. But this arrangement has been abandoned
by modern authors, who apply the name of Papilio only to the
Linnean Lquites, subdividing the genus into those which have
the inferior wings elongated behind in the form of a tail, and
those which have them simply rounded in that part.

Much has been said and written relative to the acuteness of
the sensation of pain in insects, and whatever may have a ten-
dency to prevent acts of wanton barbarity ought certainly to be
encouraged, as far as it is conformable to truth, but not further.
The poet’s assertion, that the worm, crushed beneath the foot of
the passenger, “ feels a pang as great as when a giant dies,” can-
not be substantiated, and proves nothing, therefore, but that the
author declared positively what he merely believed or imagined
to be true. My opinion, to the contrary of all this, is founded on
such facts as the following. I caught an insect belonging to the
present genus, and haying impaled it, by passing a pin vertically
through its body, it escaped from my hand. The pin being light,

and no injurious pressure having been exerted on its body, the
~ insect flew, apparently with its usual facility, to a flower, and un-
rolling its elongated proboscis, proceeded to extract the sweet
fluid from the nectary, as if no mortal wound had been inflicted.

The plant represented in the plate, is the Aguilegia canadensis.

Papinio Turnus.—Specific character. Wings tailed, yellow
with a black margin and abbreviated bands; angle of the tail
fulvous.

Papilio Turnus Linn. Fabr. Goeze, Entom. Beytr. iii. p. 71.
Herbst. Natursyst. Ins. iii. p. 136, pl. 41, fig. 3,4. Hubner, pl.
fig. 1,2. Palis. de Beauv. p. 119, pl. 2, b. fig. 1, 1.

Papilio caudatus maximus Carolinianus, Umbris striisque
nigris. Catesb. Carolina, 2, pl. 83.

Papilio Alcidamas Oram. i. p. 62, pl. 38, figs. A, B.—Goeze,
Entom. Beytr. iii. p. 77.

88 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Der Kaiserschmetterling Muller, Nat. Syst. Supp. p. 284 and
496. (Herbst.)

Desc. Body above black, with a yellow line each side, passing
over the origin of the wings, and over the head each side before
the eyes: superior wings yellow, costal margin black with four
black bands, of which the three exterior ones are abbreviated ;
exterior broad margin black with aseries of small white spots and
white crenulations on the edge: beneath, the colors are paler, and
the dots of the exterior margin are much larger: inferior wings
yellow ; posterior portion black, with six lunules on the margin
yellow, the first and last fulvous, the edge deeply crenated, the
crenations white ; anal angle fulvous edged with white, and with
a bright green lunule above, and one or two green spots near it;
disk, with an oblique black band, proceeding from the basal band
of the superior wings, abbreviated near the black portion of the
Wing, and curving round and returning upward along the inner
margin : tail moderate ; beneath somewhat like the superior page,
but the radiating lines proceeding from the discoidal cellule are
black, the marginal lunules are much larger, and have a large ful-
vous spot in the middle of each, the black portion is much tinged
with green, and there are about four fulvous spots above it: pee-
tus yellow, with two oblique lateral black lines.

Obs. This beautiful, though very common insect, has already
been noticed by many authors, who, for the most part, unite their
testimony in favor of its similarity to the P. Machaon Fabr., of
Europe. This correspondence is, however, only a general one,
for on a particular comparison, a sufficient difference will be evi-
dent. It is found as far north as Maine, from whence I have re-
ceived a specimen sent by Mr. E. Holmes, of Gardineer Lyceum.

The annexed plate represents this species in two positions.

ENOPLIUM. Puate XLI.

Generic character. Three last joints of the antenne dilated
forming a deeply serrated mass ; the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh,
and eighth joints very small: palpi prominent securiform ;
body cylindrical ; tarsi with but four very obvious joints: penul-
timate joint bilobate.

Obs. The species that compose this genus were separated by
Latreille, from the genus Zil/us of Olivier and Fabricius, from

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 89

the circumstance that the ultimate joints of the antennz, only,
form a serrated mass, and that the tarsi have but four very obvi-
ous joints. Dejean mentions but two species as inhabitants of
Europe ; we have here given four species, but it would seem that
the genus might be divided with advantage to the student, for
whose convenience also it ought perhaps to be removed to the
Tetramera, together with several kindred genera.

ENoPLIUM ONUSTUM.— Specific character. Black ; thorax red,
with two black lines; elytra margined with yellowish.

E. marginatum nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, iii. p. 187.

Desc. Body black, hairy, punctured: labrum and basal joints
of the palpi, pale : thorax red, with two dilated longitudinal black
lines confluent behind : elytra with a yellowish margin, suture and
base : thighs pale.

Obs. This insect frequently occurs in Pennsylvania: I have
also obtained it in the State of Ohio, and Mr. John P. Brace, of
Connecticut, presented me with an individual taken in that State.
It resembles the HZ. pilosum Forst., but is readily distinguished
by the yellowish margin of the elytra.

I have been informed by Count Dejean, that the specific name
marginatum,is preoccupied in this genus, I therefore substitute the
present appellation.

The upper left figure of the plate.

[This is a variety of E. piloswum.—L«xc.]

ENOPLIUM PILOsSUM.—Specijic character. Black; thorax red,
with two black lines.

Lampyris pilosa Forst. Noy. Ins. p. 49.

Desc. Body shining black, covered with very short hairs,
punctured : labrum dull testaceous: thorax bright sanguineous,
with two broad longitudinal black vittze approaching each other
to the posterior margin, where they are confluent ; anterior mar-
gin yellowish, interrupted by the black vitte; elytra entirely
black, opake, immaculate; wings black.

Obs. The very great similarity between the preceding and the
present species, would almost persuade us that they are merely
varieties of one species; nevertheless, as they seem to be constant,
in their respective characters, we consider them as distinct,
though closely allied species.

The lower right figure of the plate.

90 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

ENOPLIUM DAMICORNE.—Specific character. Black; thorax
rufous, slightly edged with black.

Tillus damicornis Fabr., Syst. Eleut. i. p. 282.

E. thoracicum nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences.

Dese. Body black, hairy, punctured, cylindrical : antennze with
the terminal joint narrowed near the tip on the inner side: thorax
rufous, lateral and posterior edges black: pectus rufous: elytra
black with a slight purplish tinge, immaculate ; punctures large,
profound, approximate, and behind the middle small, confluent.

Obs. This insect is an inhabitant of the greater part of the
Union. I have obtained specimens in Missouri. In my account
of the species as above quoted, I made the following remark: “ I
should consider it the same as the T%llus damicornis of Fabr. but
that, in the description of that insect, the author mentions but
two dilated joints of the antenne, whereas in ours there are three
dilated joints.”” Notwithstanding this remark, it agrees with it
so well in other respects, that on further consideration, I think
we may safely refer it to the damicorne, and admit that Fabri-
cius was mistaken in the number of dilated joints. Latreille, in
his Histoire Naturelle, &c. abserves, that “ Le tille damicorne de
Fabricius différe peu, or presque point de cette espéce, (HZ. Weber?)
a en juger par les phrases spécifiques.”

The upper right figure of the plate.

[Belongs to Orthopleura Spin.—Lxc. ]

ENOPLIUM QUADRIPUNCTATUM.— Specific character. Black ;
elytra sanguineous, with four black dots.

E. 4-punctatum nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., iii. p. 188.

Desc. Body black, somewhat hairy, punctured: thorax de-
pressed, subquadrate, not contracted behind; angles rounded,
punctures confluent each side: scutel black : elytra sanguineous,
each with two black, orbicular, subequal dots, one before, and
the other behind the middle.

Obs. This species is subject to vary in the size of the spots on
its elytra, those of some specimens which I obtained in Arkan-
saw, being much larger than I have ever observed them on those
of this State.

The middle figure of the plate, the lower left figure represents
the variety.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 91

POMPILUS. Prats XLII.

Generic character. Labrum inserted under the nasus; eyes
entire ; stemmata three ; antennz as long as the head and trunk,
in the female convoluted towards the tip; mandibles unarmed,
or with one or two teeth; maxilliary palpi longer than the
labials, three last joints nearly of equal length ; superior wings
not folded longitudinally ; radial cellule of moderate size ; cubital
cellules three, the first elongated ; second and third subequal,
nearly square, receiving the two recurrent nervures ; fourth cell-
ule rudimental ; feet elongated.

Obs. These insects associate by pairs, and make their nests in
the earth. The female digs a hole in a sunny bank or declivity ;
when this is accomplished, she goes in search of a spider or a
catapillar, which she punctures with her sting, and places at the
bottom of her nest. Having deposited an egg, either in or upon
the prey, she closes the hole with earth, and abandons it. The
young, hatched from the egg, has an abundant and convenient
supply of food, in the body of the interred insect. Descending
the Arkansaw river, with Major Long’s party, I was one day
surprised to see a species of this genus, dragging along the
ground the body of the gigantic Bird-catching spider, the Mygale
avicularia, or a very closely allied species.

These insects are lively and active, flying rapidly from place to _
place for short distances, running briskly on the earth, vibrating
their antenne, and raising a little, and then depressing their
wings, which are reclined upon the back.

The female is armed with a sting, and may be distinguished
from the male by having twelve joints to the antennz, whilst
those of the male have thirteen joints.

Latreille was the first to separate this group from Sphex, under
the name of Psammochares, but in his subsequent works, he
adopted the more recent name of Pompilus, given by Fabricius.

PoMPILUS FORMOSUS.—Specijic character. Polished bluish-
green ; wings rufous, with a dusky terminal submargin.

Pompilus formosus nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter, ii. p. 76.

Desc. Body bright greenish, a little tinged with bluish, and
in some lights changing to dull purplish, sericeous : antennz
black : feet black witha green reflection: wings bright golden

92 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

rufous ; at the extreme base, black ; terminal submargin of the
superiores, and terminal and inner submargins of the inferiores,
dusky ; the corresponding margins pale.

Obs. This large and splendid species occurred within a hun-
dred miles of the Rocky Mountains, on the banks of the Arkan-
saw river. It was not uncommon, and in consequence of the
striking color of the wings, as well as of its slow and steady flight,
it was readily observed and taken. It was occasionally found
perched on flowers, in company with Stizus grandis nobis, and
other Hymenopterus insects. The strongest similarity certainly
exists between the P. formosus here represented, and the Pepsis
marginata Beauy., but that species is so much larger, that we
cannot believe it to be the same.

The upper figure of the plate.

[This species extends as far as San Diego, California —Lec.]

PoMPILUS UNIFASCIATUS.—Specific character. Black; an-
tenn and large wing spot, yellow.

Desc. Body black, tinged with purplish: antennz, excepting
the first and second joints, bright yellow: wings violaceous-
black ; superior pair with a broad yellowish band or spot near
the tip of each, abbreviated before the inner margin, and of a
subquadrate or nearly orbicular form.

Obs. On a recent journey, in company with Mr. Maclure, T

had the gratification to find this handsome species in the vicinity
of Haston, Pennsylvania. I have not seen it elsewhere. Only a
single specimen occurred, which is a female.

The middle figure of the plate

PoMPILUS TERMINATUS.—Speeijic character. Black ; wings
pale fulvous, with a dusky tip.

Desc. Body black, with a slight purplish tinge : antennz black :
superior wings pale fulvous, with a broad dusky tip: inferior
wings paler.

Obs. This species was brought by Major Long’s party. I
caught it near the Arkansaw river, about two hundred miles
from the Rocky Mountains. But one specimen occurred, which
isa female. Inthe proportion and distribution of the colors of the
wings, it resembles P. discolor and annulatus Fabr., but i in mag-
riitade and color of the body it is very distinct.

The lower figure of the plate.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 93

TETYRA. Prate XLII.

Generic character. Thorax very narrow before ; scutel elon-
gated, longer than broad, not covering the sides of the tergum ;
head immersed to the eyes in the thorax ; antenne five-jointed,
second joint longer than the third; labrum very long, striated ;
rostrum four-jointed, the three first joints subequal ; tarsi three-
jointed, the first joint longer than the second.

Obs. The genus Tetyra was separated from Cimex of Linné,
by Fabricius, to include those species of which the scutel is very
much dilated and elongated, and the antennee five-jointed. As
instituted by that author, it is perfectly synonymous with Scutel-
lera of Lamarck and Latreille. Leech made a different disposi-
tion of these genera. He restricted the genus Scutellera those to
species that have the abdomen entirely covered by the scutel ;
and the second joint of the antennze shorter than the third ; the
genus Jetyra he limited so as to include only those of which the
scutel, though still dilated and elongated, does not entirely con-
ceal the sides of the abdomen, and the second joint of the an-
tennz is longer than the third. A third closely allied genus
was distinguished by Schrank, under the name of Thyreocoris,
and adopted by Leach. Its scutel is broader than long, the
second joint of the antennz is very short, and the anterior mar-
gin of the thorax is but little narrowed.

Of all these genera, we shall be able to give examples in the
course of the present work.

TETYRA FIMBRIATA.— Specific character. Dark green ; thorax
with a yellow spotted patch, each side behind ; seutel margined
with yellow.

Desc. Body dark-green, with large punctures: clypeus with
the lateral edges parallel: anterior edge rufous, indented in the
middle; antenne and middle of the rostrum rufous: thorax with
a large yellow spot each side behind, including about two dark-
green spots, and a brown one ; posterior angles a little prominent,
obtuse: scutel, excepting at base, with a three-toothed margin :
hemelytra dark-green with a yellow lateral and posterior margin,
the membranons portion dark-violaceous: feet rufous; thighs
with three narrow yellow bands, the anterior pair one-spined be-
neath ; tibia with one yellow band, the anterior pair dilated to-

94 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

wards the tip: venter with a transverse thick line in the middle,
and an anterior longitudinal one; lateral and posterior margins
yellow, the former four-dotted each side; beyond the middle, are
two large, slightly indented, sericeous spots.

Obs. This singularly marked species is rare in Pennsylvania.

The upper left figure of the plate.

TETYRA CINCTIPES.—WSpecific character. Dull, testaceous ;
feet pale, with fuscous spots.

Desc. Body above, dull, testaceous, or brownish, with close
set, rather large, profound punctures: head black, acutely cari-
nated, and with a very obvious tubercle each side, near the base;
tip emarginated : antennze piceous: terminal joint somewhat di-
lated : thorax with an obsolete glabrous line near the middle, and
three tubercles on the anterior submargin, the intermediate one
very obtuse, and sometimes obsolete; anterior angles with a tu-
bercle, and another on the lateral edge behind the middle: an-
terior thighs, and all the tibia blackish, with one or two pale
bands: intermediate and posterior thighs pale, with two bands,
and base blackish.

Obs. Inhabits the Middle States. It is one-quarter of an inch
in length.

The lower right figure of the plate.

TETYRA VIOLACEA.—Specific character. Dark bluish-viola-
ceous; venter with a fulvous line before the middle, and a spot
at tip.

Desc. Body dark bluish-violaceous, with large punctures: cly-
peus with the lateral edge parallel; anterior edge indented in the
middle: thorax, posterior angles rather prominent, obtuse: ante-
rior thighs with a prominent spine beneath: anterior tibize di-
lated towards the tip: postpectus, middle incisures edged with
opake black: yenter with a bright fulvous line extending from
between the posterior feet to the middle, where it is gradually a
little dilated : behind the middle are two slightly indented large
sericeous spots; tip with a small bright fulvous spot.

Obs. Closely allied to the preceding; I caught it on the mar-
gin of St. John’s river, in East Florida.

The upper right figure of the plate.

TETYRA ALTERNATA.—Specijic character. Rufous; beneath
yellow ; scutel with minute, abbreviated black lines.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 95

Desc. Body above rufous, punctured ; head narrowed before,
and rounded at tip; antennz rufous, basal joint yellow, terminal
joint fuscous : thorax with the posterior angles obtusely rounded:
scutel "with numerous, very short, transverse black lines; a
transverse, slightly raised elliptical line at base, from which pro-
ceeds a slightly carinated longitudinal line, becoming obsolete
on the middle: tip very slightly emarginate: hemelytra, on the
coriaceous portion marked by the same minute lines as the
scutel : tergum margined with alternating black, quadrate spots ;
beneath yellow: feet simple, rufous: venter with two almost ob-
solete black lines gradually approaching each other to the penul-
timate segment where they terminate in a common black spot.

Obs. This species inhabits the Middle States, but it does not
occur very frequently.

The lower left figure of the plate.

PHRYGANEA. Puate XLIV.

Generic character. Antenne as long as the body, with nu-
merous joints; stemmata two; mandibles none; palpi rather
long: inferior wings larger than the others, longitudinally
folded ; feet elongated, spinous: tarsi elongated, five-jointed, ter-
minal joint with two small nails ; abdomen destitute of filaments
at tip of the tail.

Obs. The greater number of these insects venture forth upon
the wing during the evening and night, and when disturbed in
their resting place in the day, they fly a short distance, and
again seek a place of concealment and safety. They frequently
enter our houses in the evening, attracted by the light of a can-
dle, around which they fly. The larva lives in the water, and
the parents are therefore generally in its vicinity. Some spe-
cies swarm in large flocks, whilst others are solitary. They are
light and active, and run with much swiftness. When the fe-
male is about to deposite her eggs, she ejects a considerable
number of them, which remain attached together at the extrem-
ity of her abdomen ; these she places in a favorable situation, on
the stalk or leaf of a water-plant, or other object, from which the
young larva may readily pass into the water. Here it soon be-
gins to fabricate a tubular, portable dwelling, which, as respects
form, may be compared to that of the clothes-moth. This domi-

96 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

cil consists of a silky matter, with various objects attached to
the exterior, such as sand gravel, small pieces of wood or reed,
&e., so proportioned that its weight exceeds but little that of
the water. As the inhabitant increases in bulk, the tube at
length becomes too small, and is necessarily abandoned. An-
other, of suitable dimensions is, however, soon constructed, and
the little animal is again in a state of security. This artisan, is
of a cylindrical, somewhat elongated form, consisting of twelve
joints or segments; on the fourth joint is generally a conic tu-
bercle on each side, and on the ultimate segments are two move-
able hooks : these projections from the body, appear to be useful
as points of support against the sides of the tube. The head is
of firm a consistence, furnished with strong mandibles, and two
eyes. The feet are six in number, and are not natatory, the an-
terior pair being shorter and thicker than the others, which are
considerably elongated, and not dilated, nor deeply ciliated.
Thus constituted, the animal crawls at the bottom of the water,
with the feet and the anterior part of the body protruded from
the tube, in search of food.

When about to undergo the change into the nymph state, the
larva affixes its tube to some permanent object. It then pro-
ceeds to close the ends of its dwelling by a silky net, the meshes
of which are so small as to prevent the ingress of depredating
insects, and yet sufficiently large to admit of a free circulation of
water for the purpose of respiration. The head of the nymph ts
provided with a kind of beak, consisting of hooks, which are
used to force a passage through the net-work. At this period,
which occurs in fifteen or twenty days after the change from
the larva state, its period of immobility ceases : it departs from its
tube, and walks or swims with activity, the feet being fringed
for the latter purpose. The young animal now, for the first time,
emerges from the water, and seeks a dry, secure position for its
ultimate change here, after remaining at rest for some minutes,
to permit the superfluous moisture to evaporate, it throws off its
covering, and soon takes wing in search of a mate. Many spe-
cies of a smaller size proceed in a different manner; the nymph
ascends to the surface of the water, where it is emancipated from
its exuvia, which serves as a boat to support the perfected insect,
until its wings are sufficiently developed, dried, and prepared for
flight.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 97

The word Phryganea is derived from ¢yevor a bundle or
fagot of sticks.

PHRYGANEA SUBFASCIATA.— Specific character. Pale honey-
yellow ; superior wings a little dusky, with two transverse black-
ish spots on each.

P. subfasciata nobis, Long’s Second Expedition, vol. ii. p. 308.

Desc. Body honey-yellow: head a little more tinged with ru-
fous, paler beneath ; antennz blackish; first joint yellowish on
the inner and inferior irides: superior wings dull ochreous,
covered with bulla, or minute raised points, with a dusky inner
and terminal margin; on each are two subequal, transverse,
dusky spots, the anterior one near the middle, and connected
with the inner margin; the posterior one a little undulated,
placed nearer the anterior spot, than to the tip of the wing.

Variety a. Spots of the superior wings obsolete, or wanting.

Obs. Rather smaller than the preceding species, and very dis-
tinct from it. It is easily known by the two striking dusky
spots on each superior wing. I obtained two or three specimens
during a recent excursion with Mr. Maclure, into the interior of
Pennsylvania.

The left middle figure of the plate.

PHRYGANEA DOSSUARIA.—WSpecific character. Wings with
the nervures, and dilated transverse irregular lines, blackish.

Desc. Body pale yellowish-ochreous: antennz dark-brown :
stemmata brown on the inner side, white on the exterior side:
superior wings yellowish-white, with blackish nervures, and
transverse, somewhat dilated, connecting blackish lines, hardly
forming bands ; of these, one forms a quadrate spot on the costal
margin, and one is common near the inner posterior angle : inferior
Wings with two costal spots and terminal margin ; tergum dusky,
segments paler towards their tips.

Obs. This species was sent to me, with several other interest-
ing insects, by Mr. Charles: Pickering, of Salem.

PHRYGANEA, SEMIFASCIATA.—WNpecijfic character. Superior
wings light ferruginous, with irregular black lines; a distinct
black point near the inner basal angle; inferior wings light
ferruginous. ti

P. semifasciata nobis, Western Quarterly Report. vol. ii. p. 161.

Desc. Body when recent, light olivaceous-green: head dark

i

98 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

ferruginous above: eyes dark-brown, with a moveable black
pupil: mouth pale: neck light-green, with a brown, transverse,
hirsute collar on the middle: thorax dark ferruginous, hairy,
blackish each side: feet pale: superior wings dull ferruginous,
with numerous opake, transverse, abbreviated, black lines; a
small black point at the inner basal angle, and a small transverse,
abbreviated dusky line on the inner margin a little beyond the
middle ; inferior wings light honey-yellow, a blackish, dilated,
angulated, semifasciate line near the tip, and a black, anterior
spot near the inner margin : pectus pale-brownish.

Obs. This species frequently occurs in various parts of the
United States. It is an inhabitant of Pennsylvania and New
Jersey, and I also found specimens near the falls of the Ohio
river; and another was sent to me by Dr. T. W. Harris, of
Massachusetts. A variety in my cabinet, is altogether destitute
of the semifascia on the inferior wings.

The two upper figures.

PHRYGANEA INTERRUPTA.— Specific character. Grayish; su-
perior wings with a longitudinal black line, and a smaller one
near the tip.

Desc. Body with grayish hair: eyes fuscous; palpi and an-
tenn black; superior wings gray, disk tinged with dusky, a
black line extending from the base to near the middle of the
terminal edge, and slightly interrupted in its middle; nearer
the costal margin, and beyond the middle, is an abbreviated black
line : inner margin hoary, immaculate; inferior wings dull-ochre-
ous, with a broad blackish tip: tibia dusky: tarsi dusky, the
joints pale at their bases. .

Obs. For this pretty species, I am indebted to my brother, who
caught two specimens at Pleasant Mills, New Jersey.

The right middle figure of the plate.

CYCHRUS. Pratt XLV.

Generic character. Head narrower than the thorax; external
maxillary and labial palpi dilated, compressed, securiform ; lab-
rum elongated, very profoundly emarginate; labium very large,
profoundly emarginate, not wider at base than at tip; mandibles
narrow, elongated, bidentate near the tip ; thorax cordate, slightly,
or not at all elevated each side, and not extended behind; abdo-

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 99

men robust, convex; elytra entire, not divided at the suture,
carinate each side, and embracing the sides of the abdomen ;
tarsi alike in the sexes.

Obs. This is a limited genus, consisting in the time of Fabri_

cius, who constructed it, of only five species. As it now stands,
under the reforming hand of Latreille and Dejean, it is certainly
more rigidly natural. The latter author, in his “Species général
des Coléoptéres,” describes nine species, and observes, that they
are limited, in their geographical distribution, to Europe, Asiatic
Russia, and North America; that although they are, strictly
speaking, Carabici, yet they have so much the habit of the
Heteromera, that Linné placed them in his genus Tenebrio.

They are of a blackish color, glossed with a handsome metallic
tint, chiefly of a purplish cast. They inhabit beneath stones,
and under prostrate logs.

The word Cychrus is derived from Kuxpcc, the Greek name for
a bird.

CycHRrus vipuus.— Specific character. Black ; elytra cupre-
ous-violaceous, polished, humeral edge, and lateral margins of the
thorax reflected, the latter contracted behind.

Cychrus wricolor Knoch neue Beytriige, p. 187, tab. 8, fig. 1.

Nobis, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. vol. ii. new series, p. 71.

Cychrus viduus Dejean, Spec. Gén. Coléop. vol. ii. p. 12, No. 9.

Desc. Head black, with a slight blue tinge: antenne brown
at tip: thorax blackish-blue, disk a little convex, and with an
impressed line ; lateral margins reflected; widest rather before
the middle, and narrowed behind; posterior angles rounded:
elytra bright coppery-violaceous, or dark purplish, with numerous
strie, in which are dilated, confluent punctures ; beneath black.

Obs. Probably the largest species of the genus, and is by no
means common. The specimen from which the above description,
and the annexed figure were taken, was presented to me by Mr.
William Hyde of Philadelphia, who obtained it near the Susque-
hanna river. ‘Two other specimens have since come into my
possession.

This species was first described by Knoch, under the name of
unicolor ; supposing it to be the same with that of Fabricius,
and on his authority, I retained the appellation in my “ Descrip-
tions of the Carabici and Hydrocanthari ;” but after the publica-

100 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

tion of that paper, being induced to examine the descriptions of
Fabricius, and Olivier, I perceived at once that the wnicolor of
Knoch, was not that of those authors. Under this impression,
T sent the insect to Count Dejean, under a new name, which he
adopted.

I have been thus particular in this statement, in order to record
an opinion which I have always entertained, and which every
observation tends to confirm. That it is of no consequence what-
ever, who gives a new name, either in a catalogue or letter, or
attached to the insect in his cabinet, or elsewhere; but as it is
the describer that incurs the responsibility, his name only ought
to be quoted with that of the insect, or other object described
by subsequent naturalists.

Under the operation of this principle, the present species is
the C. viduus Dejean.

The upper figure of the plate.

SPHARODERUS. Puate XLV.

Generic character. Head narrower than the thorax ; external
maxillary and labial palpi, with the last joint dilated, securiform,
compressed ; labrum elongated, profoundly emarginate; labium
very large, profoundly emarginate, not wider at base than at tip;
mandibles elongated, narrow, bidentate near the tip; the thorax
rounded, not elevated on the sides, nor extended behind ; abdo-
men robust, convex; elytra entire, not divided at the suture,
carinate each side, embracing the sides of the abdomen; tarsi
with the three basal joints, in the male, dilated.

The present group was separated from Cychrus, by Count
Dejean, who remarks, that at first view, they resemble some small
species of Carabus, and particularly the convexus; that in com-
parison with the true species of the genus Cychrus, the head is a
little less elongated, the antenne a little shorter, and the thorax,
instead of being cordate, is rounded, oval or orbicular, convex,
not elevated on the side, nor behind; the first and second joints
of the anterior tarsi in the male, are much dilated, the first,
truncate-triangular ; the second, quadrate broader than long; the
third is less dilated, cordate.

The word Spheroderus, is derived from the Greek words

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 101

Spxipz, sphere, and és, neck, in allusion to the form of the
thorax.

SPHHRODERUS STENOSTOMUS.—WSpecijic character. Black;
elytra dark cupreous, basal thoracic lines distinct.

Cychrus stenostomus Weber. Obs. Ent. p. 43, Knoch, neue
Beytr. p. 190, pl. 8, f. 18. Schonh. Sys. p. 166. Nobis, Trans.
Amer. Philos. Soc. (new series) vol. ii. 72.

Spheroderus stenostomus Dejean, Spec. Coléopt. vol. ii. p. 15.

Desc. Head black, glabrous, impunctured: antennze brownish
towards their tips : thorax black, tinged with blue, rounded, widest
in the middle, contracted behind ; base narrower than the elytra,
punctured; basal edge rectilinear; dorsal line very distinct;
basal lines profoundly impressed, obtuse, punctured: elytra dark
cupreous, striz numerous, obtuse; interstitial lines narrower
than the strize, obtuse ; edge dark blue ; humeral edge not dilated
nor reflected: epipleura punctured: pectus punctured at base:
postpectus and venter each side at base, punctured.

Obs. This species is not uncommon in Pennsylvania, I have
also received a specimen from Mr. Charles Pickering, taken in
Massachusetts.

The left figure of the plate.

SPHARODERUS BILOBUS.—WSpecific character. Violaceous;
beneath black; margins not reflected; basal thoracic lines
obsolete.

Cychrus bilobus nob., Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. (new series)
vol. ii. p. 73.

Sphexroderus bilobus Dejean, Spec. Gén. Coléopt. vol. ii. p. 16.

Desc. Body beneath black: head black, with a slight yiola-
ceous tint: antennz and palpi pale piceous: thorax cupreous-
violaceous, polished, broadest rather before the middle, much
narrowed behind ; lateral margin not dilated nor reflected ; base
depressed and much punctured ; basal lines obsolete ; basal edge
rectilinear, not wider than the pedicle of the postpectus ; disk
somewhat bilobated, being convex each side, and gradually in-
dented in the middle by the dorsal line; anterior margin de-
pressed, and rugose in the middle: elytra cupreous-violaceous,
striz numerous, punctured: pectus beneath, postpectus and ab-
domen each side, punctured.

Obs. This is somewhat smaller than the stenostomus, from

102 “AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

which it is very distinct, and is the most brillant species we
have. Ihave not yet met with it in the Atlantic States. The
first specimen was obtained in Missouri, and I caught another in
the North-Western Territory, when travelling over that region
with Major Long’s party.

The right figure of the plate.

SCAPHINOTUS. Puate XLV.

Generic character. Head narrowerthan the thorax ; external
maxillary, and labial palpi, with the last joint dilated, compressed,
securiform; labrum elongated, profoundly emarginate ; labium
very large, profoundly emarginate, not wider at base than at tip;
mandibles elongated, narrow, bidentate near the tip; thorax with
the lateral margins reflected, posterior angles extended ; elytra
entire, not divided at the suture, prominently carinate each side,
and embracing the sides of the abdomen; tarsi with the three
basal joints of the anterior feet a little dilated in the male.

Obs. Separated by Latreille, from the genus Cychrus, and
consisting as yet, of a single species only, though Dejean sup-
poses that the Cychrus unicolor of Fabricius, will constitute a
second species, but the latter does not appear to be at present
known to entomologists. This genus is most closely allied to
Cychrus and Sphexroderus, but particularly to the former; the
thorax, however, is of a different form, and the anterior tarsi of
the male are a little dilated.

We have remarked in our Preface, p. vi. that “ care has been
taken that species of different genera be not represented in the
same plate.” It seems therefore proper, that we should state
the reason why we have not complied with this intention in the
annexed plate, where three genera are introduced. That plate
was engraved before the author left Philadelphia, on a visit to
New-Harmony, Indiana, his present residence, and it was only a
few months since, that he received the second volume of Dejean’s
Species Général des Coléoptéres, published last year, in which
the distinguished author has reformed the genus Cychrus. But
as the object of that intention was, that the work might be
“bound up, when completed, agreeably to systematic order in
the succession of genera,” the author conceives that no disad-
vantage can ever arise from this circumstance, as these genera

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 103

are so Closely allied, that it seems hardly possible, any future
discovery shall disturb their proximity.

ScAPHINOTUS ELEVATUS.— Specific character. Blackish ;
elytra violaceous-cupreous, polished ; hardly narrower behind.

Carabus elevatus Fabr., Ent. Syst. i. p. 152. Oliv. Ins. vol.
ii. p. 46, pl. 7, fig. 82. Qliv. Ene. Meth. (Carabe) p. 334.
Linn. Syst. Nat. Gmel. p. 1967.

Cychrus elevatus Fabr., Syst. Eleuth. i. p. 166. Knoch, neue
Beytr. p. 188, pl. 8, fig. 12. Latr. Hist. Nat. 8, p. 289. Nob.
Trans. Amer. Philos. Soe. vol. ii. (new series) p. 71. Schonh.
Syn. p. 166.

Scaphinotus elevatus Dejean, Spec. Gén. vol. ii. p. 17.

Desc. Head black, very slightly tinged with violet, impunce-
tured : antenne brownish towards the tips: thorax black,
slightly tinged with violaceous, the sides gradually more reflected
to the hind angles, hardly contractly behind ; disk concave, with
small, numerous, irregular punctures; base nearly as broad as
the base of the elytra; basal angles prominent, acute: elytra
violaceous-cupreous, brilliant; striz numerous, obtuse; inter-
vening lines narrower than the strie#, obtuse; humeral edge
dilated, reflected, elevated and rounded: epipleura confluently
punctured: pectus with a few punctures at base; lateral margin
with minute punctures: postpectus and venter, each side at base, —
with large punctures.

Obs. This species was supposed, by all the authors, previous to
Knoch, to be a native of South America, but that entomologist
determined its native country, by receiving specimens from the
late Dr. F. V. Melsheimer, of Hanover, Pennsylvania.

The lowest figure of the plate.

MELITA[A]. Puate XLVI.

Generic character. Antennze with a short, somewhat broad,
compressed terminal club ; palpi divaricating, hairy, second joint
compressed, terminal joint acicular, half the length of the pre-
ceding joint; inferior wings suborbicular, somewhat checkered
beneath ; anterior feet short, feeble ; tarsi with double nails.

Obs. The distinction between this genus and Argynnis, is very
slight, too much so, we think, to justify the continuation of it,
except perhaps as a subgenus. We have set down the characters

104 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

pretty much as we find them in the authors, and, although it is
obvious, that they do not agree very well with the species we
have placed under it, yet there cannot be the slightest doubt of
the correctness of the reference. Perhaps the only striking
character by which the species may be separated from those of
the above mentioned genus, is that.of the somewhat checkered
appearance of the inferior page of the posterior wings. A more
remarkable distinction may be observed in the larve, which are
not armed with spines as in Argynnis, but are pubescent, with
small fleshy tubercles on the body ; the pupa is suspended by the
tail.

The genus under the present name, was separated from the
Linnean Papilio by Fabricius.

MeELIT® MyRINA.—WSpecific character. Wings slightly in-
dented, fulvous, with black spots and undulated lines; beneath
with more than thirty silvery spots, and an ocellate spot near the
base of the inferior ones.

Papilio myrina Cromer, ii. p. 141, pl, 189, fig. B.C. Fabr.
Ent. Emend. p. 145. Herbst, Natursyst. ix. p. 178, pl. 255,
fig. 3, 4.

Desc. Wings fulvous, slightly indented on the exterior edges ;
superior wings with black, transverse, undulated, and interrupted
lines, occupying the basal portion to a considerable distance
beyond the middle, the first sublunate, the second double ;
towards the tip, a transverse series of black dots, then of black
angles, confluent with the block nodose edging; inferior surface
paler, the series of black dots obsolete ; immediately before this
series, and near the anterior margin, are two somewhat silvery
spots; a somewhat silvery spot within each of the black submar-
ginal angles, the margin destitute of black; inferior wings with
two, much undulated, nearly parallel lines, from the middle of
the anterior margin curve round and terminate near the base,
near which they become confused, they enclose a black spot; a
series of black dots, angles, and margin, as in the superior wings;
beneath tinged with ferruginous, and varied with ochreous spots,
with four transverse series of silvery spots ; the second series in-
terrupted by ochreous spots, between the first and second series
is a small silvery ocellate spot with a black pupil; beyond the
third series, is a series of obsolete brown dots.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 105

Obs. This pretty little species is common in various parts of
the United States, extending as far south as Florida, and north
at least to Massachusetts, from whence Dr. T. W. Harris sent me
a specimen. It resembles several foreign species, and particularly
the A. Selene, for which it may be easily mistaken, but on com-
parison, that species will be found to have the third series of
silvery spots widely interrupted in the middle, and the small
ocellate spot near the base is not silvery, but black, with a pale
pupil; still, however, they are so very closely allied, that in con-
sidering them as distinct species, I rely on the authors whose
synonyms are quoted above.

The plant is the Claytonia virginica.

PLOIARIA. Puare*’XLVII.

Generic character. Body elongated, filiform ; feet ambulatory,
very long, with distinct nails; anterior pair shortest, raptatory,
with elongated coxze; eyes moderate; labrum very short; -an-
tenn elongated, setaceous, four-jointed ; beak inflected.

Obs. Such is the particular form and appearance of the an-
tennz in insects of this genus, that on a slight inspection, a per-
son would almost be disposed to pronounce them ambulatory,
and that there are therefore eight feet. But no true insect yet
known, has more or less than six feet. As respects the remark-
ably long and slender form of some of the species, they have con-
siderable affinity for the genus Spectrum, and the anterior pair
of feet may be compared to those of Muntis and Empusa, with
equal aptitude. These feet are much shorter than the others,
are used almost altogether for the purpose of seizing and convey-
ing the prey to their mouth ; whilst the two posterior pairs sup-
port the body, and move it from place to place. Their move-
ments are rather slow and unsteady, moving up and down upon
their legs as they proceed forwards, in the manner of the Crane-fly.
(Tipwla). They feed on small insects. Scopoli first established
this genus; the species were referred to Cimex, by Linné and
others, and Fabricius, unacquainted with what Scopoli had done,
perceived the necessity of forming a genus for them, and this he
called Hmesa, of which he describes four species ; three belong-
ing to America, and one to the East Indies. Cimex vagabundus

106 _ AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Linn., of Europe, is a fifth species, which, however, Fabricius
placed in his genus (Gerris.

The word Ploiaria, is of uncertain origin; Mr. Dumeril sup-
poses it to have been derived from the Greek name for a small
vessel, Mactapiov. (navicula.)

PLOTARIA BREVIPENNIS.— Specific character. Fuscous-rufous,
glabrous ; wings abbreviated ; feet near the knees annulated.

Desc. Body fuscous, more or less tinged with sanguineous :
antenne very slender, with a white annulus at the tip of the
first joint : anterior tibiae with the spines black at tip: nervures
of the wings brownish : intermediate and posterior feet with the
thighs near the tip, and tibiz near the base biannulate with
whitish : tergum beneath ¢ghe wings bright sanguineous.

Obs. This is a very common insect, and is often found even in
the city of Philadelphia. It inhabits out-houses, where it may
be observed generally motionless on the walls. When disturbed,
it moves its body up and down on its legs, and at the same time
advances slowly forwards.

The line denotes the natural size.

MALACHIUS. Puate XLVIITI.

Generic character. Body furnished with cocardes: head re-
tracted to the eyes within the thorax: antenne ten-jointed, fili-
form, serrated ; mandibles emarginate: labium entire; palpi fili-
form ; tarsi simple, nails with a tooth beneath; elytra flexible.

Obs. Linnzeus referred these insects to his genus Cantharis ;
from which his learned successor, Fabricius, separated them,
and constituted a group under the present name, derived from
the Greek word “2A«x2:, which means soft, delicate, in allusion to
the consistence of the body. They differ from the genus Dasytes
Payk., in being less elongated, and furnished with the cocardes ;
their antennze also are placed nearer together at base; otherwise
the two genera are closely allied.

These insects are frequent in some situations on flowers, the
nectareous juices of which they appear to extract, though it has
been asserted, but we know not upon what authority, that in ad-
dition to their liquid food they prey also upon insects.

When alarmed for their safety, the cocardes are suddenly pro-
truded, and when reassured of security, these singular organs are

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 107

retracted, so that no remnant of them remains in view. The
cocardes are three-lobed bodies, of a vivid red color, and vesicu-
lar consistence, situated one on each side near the anterior
angles of the thorax, and another on each side of the base of the
abdomen. Their uses are altogether unknown, but we cannot
suppose them to be of primary importance, since one, and indeed
all of them have been cut off without diminishing the agility of
the insect, or subjecting it to any apparent inconvenience. Like
the retractile cervical appendage of the larvae of Papiliones, it
may possibly serve to repel their enemies. Olivier supposes
that the larve of the Malachius live in wood. Latreille informs
us that in some of the species one sex has an appendice at the
tip of each elytrum, in the shape of a hook, which is seized by
the mandibles of the opposite sex in order to arrest the fugitive.

MALACHIUS BIPUNCTATUS.—Specijic character. Thorax ru-
fous, with two remote black spots; elytra blue; abdomen sangui-
neous.

M. bipunctatus nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 185.

Desc. Head black, with a slight greenish tinge; all beforea
line drawn between the anterior canthi of the eyes, including the
antenna, yellow; mandibles and terminal joints of the palpi
black ; thorax yellowish-rufous, with two small remote, rounded
black dots; posterior submargin somewhat indented: elytra blue
or greenish: pectus rufous: postpectus and feet black : abdomen
sanguineous.

Obs. This fine species is an inhabitant of the Arkansaw re-
gion near the Rocky Mountains, where I captured two speci-
mens. In magnitude it exceeds any other North American spe-
cies yet known. The second joint of the antennz in the male is
dilated and irregular.

The lowest figure of the plate.

[Belongs to the genus Col/lops Kr.—Lxc. |

MALACHIUS TRICOLOR.— Specific character. Head, postpectus,
and feet black ; labrum and thorax rufous ; abdomen rufo-testa-
ceous. ,

M. tricolor nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 182.

Desc. Head black ; labrum, clypeus on its anterior margin and
palpi at base, pale rufous: antenne pale rufous, dusky at tip:
thorax transverse, nearly oval, rather short, rufous, immaculate :

108 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

elytra dark bluish-green, or somewhat violaceous ; middle of the
lateral edge obsoletely piceous: postpectus and feet deep black:
venter testaceous.

Variety, a. Elytra blue; venter and thorax sanguineous.

Obs. This species was taken on the Mississippi, and specimens
also occurred near the Rocky Mountains. It is as large as M.
4-maculatus Fabr., and larger than WM. thoracicus Fabr., which
it much resembles. The variety was sent me from Massachu-
setts by Mr. Charles Pickering.

The right figure of the plate.

[Also a Collops.—Lxc. ]

MALACHIUS NIGRICEPS.— Specific character. Thorax rufous,
with a large black spot: elytra blue: venter sanguineous.

M. nigriceps nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. i. p. 183.

Desc. Head deep black, pale testaceous or rufous before: tho-
rax rufous, with a large black spot, sometimes composed of two
dilated, confluent ones, and not attaining the anterior margin:
elytra violaceous, blue, or greenish; pectus rufous, at the origin
of the feet black: postpectus black : feet black : thighs sometimes
rufous, particularly the anterior ones : venter sanguineous.

Variety, a. Thorax entirely black.

Obs. Distinguishable from the tricolor by the black spot of
the thorax, and by the proportion of this part, which is compa-
ratively longer than in that insect. Its antenne present the re-
markable character of the dilatation and irregularity of the
second joint of the antenne.

The upper middle figure of the plate.

[Also a Collops ; the form of the second joint of the antennze
mentioned is peculiar to the male-—LEc. ]

MALACHIUS VITTATUS.—Specific character. Thorax rufous,
with a large black spot: elytra blue, margin and suture rufous.

M. vittatus nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 184.

Desc. Head black ; labrum and base of the antennz rufous :
thorax rufous, with a dorsal black spot composed of two confluent
ones, not reaching the anterior margin: elytra bright greenish-
blue: exterior margin, suture, and tip rufous; this color is a
little dilated behind the humerus; pectus rufous; about the base of
the feet black: postpectus and yenter black, incisures of the

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 109

latter edged with testaceous: feet black: anterior pairs of tibia
often piceous.

Obs. This species is somewhat smaller than Jf quadrimacu-
latus. It is closely allied to M. tricolor. The second joint of
the antennz of the male is dilated and irregular. Mr. Thomas
Nuttall first obtained specimens of the vittatus in the Mississippi
region, where I have since met with it.

The upper figure of the plate.

Matacuius ortosus.—Specijic character. Thorax rufous,
with a dilated longitudinal line; antenne and elytra black.

Malachius nigripennis nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. iii.
p- 184.

Dese. Body black, inconspicuously hairy: head with three
obtuse indentations between the eyes; antenne black ; labrum
and clypeus before, rufous: thorax rufous, with a much dilated
black line from the anterior to the posterior edge: elytra black,
with a very slight violaceous tinge: pectus pale rufous, or testa-
ceous; origin of the feet black : postpectus black : venter black,
segments with more or less dilated, sanguineous margins ; some-
times entirely sanguineous: feet black; anterior thighs some-
times pale.

This species is readily separable from JM. nigriceps by its infe-
rior size and blackish elytra and antenne, and by the cireum-
stance that the black line of the thorax is continued to the
anterior edge.

Count Dejean informs me the name nigripennis is preoccupied
in this genus; I have therefore been compelled to change 4t.

The lower middle figure.

[Belongs to Anthocomus Er.—Lxc.]

PHILANTHUS. . Prats XLIX.

Generic character. Labrum concealed ; eyes not extending to
the posterior part of the head, very slightly emarginate ; stem-
mata three; antenne thicker towards the tip, inserted in the
middle of the face; nasus trilobate; mandibles simple ; radial
cell one, elongated, acute at tip; cubital cells, three, the first
large, the second small, sessile, receiving the first recurrent ner-
vure, the third subquadrate, elongated at its exterior inferior

110 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

angle and receiving the second recurrent nervure, an imperfect
fourth cellule sometimes exists ; feet rather short.

Obs. In the present order of insects called Hymenoptera by
Linné, are many species whose manners are highly interesting:
living together harmoniously in large communities, and laboring
for the attainment of a common object, such species exhibit such
eminent proofs of intelligence, as to stagger the vain theorist in
the midst of his speculations, and to render insecure the distine-
tion which he has endeavored to establish between the blindness
of instinct and the splendid nature of reason.

But the far greater portion associate by pairs, in their perfect
state, for the important purpose of continuing their race, and of
these are the species of the genus under consideration. It has
been long known that the Philanthi are parasitic ; the female digs
a hole in the earth for the reception of her egg, with which she
places the body of an insect that she had killed for the nurture
of her young; she then completes her task by covering the hole
with earth. Latreille gives the following interesting account of
the P. apivorus of Europe. It is a dangerous enemy of the
domestic bee. The female digs a horizontal gallery about a foot
in depth in a sloping bank of light earth exposed to the influence
of the sun; she separates the earth, and carries it to the surface
by means of her mandibles and feet. When the nest is thus
completed, the parent visits the neighboring flowers for the pur-
pose of obtaining a honey bee ; she seizes her victim, and kills it
by piercing’ it with her sting at the junction of the head with
the thdrax, or of the thorax with the abdomen, and transports it
to the bottom of the gallery. As each female deposits at least
five or six eggs, the consequence is that the same number of bees
must be destroyed. In an extent of ground about one hundred
and twenty feet long, Mr. Latreille counted from fifty to sixty
females actively employed in making their nests, these of course
destroyed about three hundred bees. Let us then suppose a
surface of country about six miles square, a fiftieth part of which
would afford a proper situation for the operations of the females
of this species of Philanthus ; these would be a sufficient number
to destroy fifteen thousand of these useful insects. The eggs are
white, nearly cylindrical, rounded at the two ends. The larvee

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. i ali

resemble those of the bee. The covering of the pupa is a thin
pellicle.

Fabricius first applied the name Philanthus ; but Latreille
divided the group which his predecessor established under that
name into two genera, retaining the appellation for the present
group, and applying that of Cerceres to such as have denticulated
mandibles, and the second cubital cellule petiolated. The former
were called Simblephilus, and the latter Philanthus, by Jurine.

The name of this genus is compounded of the Greek words
gia, I love, and «v9, a flower.

PHILANTHUS CANALICULATUS.—WSpecific character. Pale
yellow ; vertex, disk of the thorax, and incisures of the tergum
reddish-brown.

P. canaliculatus nobis, Western Quarterly Report. vol. ii. p. 79.

Desc. Body pale yellow; vertex reddish-brown ; front with
two longitudinal reddish-brown lines passing through the base
of the antennz ; antenne rufous, black at tip: mandibles black
at tip: superior wings with a longitudinal brownish line on the
middle from near the base to the tip; radial cellule rounded at
tip, and at its inferior angle descending to meet the superior
angle of the second cubital cellule, which is triangular: tergum
with a transverse groove on the middle of each segment, and a
marginal smaller one; incisures reddish-brown.

Obs. When traversing the Arkansaw region with Major Long’s
party, I obtained a single specimen of this insect, which is a
male ; it is so very similar in general appearance and color to
Cerceris bidentata nob., that but for its generic differences, .I
should almost have been led to consider it as a mere sexual variety
of that species. But it cannot be placed in the genus Cerceris,
as the mandibles are entirely unarmed within, and the second
cubital cellule is not petiolated, and the eyes are not emar-
ginated.

The upper right figure of the plate.

PHILANTHUS ZONATUS.—Specijic character. Black: front,
two lines on the thorax and posterior submargins of the segments
of the tergum, yellow: feet rufous.

P. zonatus nobis, Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. ii. p. 79.

Desc. Body above black: front yellow, with two black lines
descending from the black vertex to the origin of the antenne:

112 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

antennze and mandibles rufous, black at tip; base of the head
rufous : thorax, first segment and scutel, each with a yellow line:
a large rufous spot each side behind the scutel: superior
wings with a dusky margin towards the tip: costal nervure dull
rufous in the middle; radial cellule rounded at tip, and at its
inferior edge descending in an angle to meet the superior angle
of the second cubital cellule, which is triangular: tergum with
an obsolete transverse groove on the middle of each segment, and
a marginal slender one : posterior submargins yellow : feet rufous;
pectus black: venter dull rufous.

Obs. The specimen which served for this description is a male,
which was taken in the same country as the preceding. It cor-
responds with the canaliculatus in the simple form of its eyes
and mandibles, and in the shape of the radial and second cubital
cellules. These characters justify the separation of the two spe-
cies from the foregoing, into a distinct subgenus.

The lower left figure of the plate.

PHILANTHUS VERTILABRIS.—Specific character. Black:
thorax with a line on the interior and posterior margins, and ter-
gum, with four or five bands of which the anterior one is broadest,
yellow.

P. vertilabris Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 303. Coqueb. Tl. Icon. p.
96, pl. 22, fig. 2.

Dese. Mie black; beneath the antennz yellow; antennee be-
neath yellow: thorax with confluent punctures black; a trans-
verse line before and another behind yellow: wings tinged with
dull yellowish : feet pale rufous: tibize yellowish on the exterior
side : tergum with large, deeply impressed, confluent punctures ;
first segment with a yellow spot each side; second segment with
a broad yellow band occupying the basal half, sometimes slightly
interrupted in the middle ; third, fourth, and fifth segments with
a band on their hind margins, broader each side; sixth seement
with a spot each side.

Obs. Coquebert gave a figure of this species. with a magnified
representation of the head, abdomen, and a wing. It is stated to
be an inhabitant of Car Stns but it is also found in Missouri and
Pennsylvania.

The upper left figure of the plate.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 113

PHILANTHUS POLITUS.— Specific character. Black, polished ;
first segment of the tergum with two whitish spots, the other seg-
ments with a spot each side, connected by a whitish band.

P. politus nobis, Long’s Second Expedition, p. 343.

Desc. Hypostoma, mandibles at base and anterior line of the
orbits as high as the emargination, whitish ; antenne beyond the
third joint on the inferior side rufous brown, a whitish spot on the
basal joint: thorax with small, irregular punctures; collar with
two transverse spots ; wing-scale, and transverse line on the seu-
tel, whitish : wings a little dusky towards the tip: pleura witha
double whitish spot beneath the superior wings: thighs black ;
knees and tibie, excepting a black line on the inner side, whitish;
tarsi dusky: tergum polished ; first segment with a transverse
ovate spot each side ; remaining segments each with a transverse
quadrate spot each side, touching the posterior margin, and con-
nected along this margin by a slender, undulated band.

Obs. An inhabitant of Pennsylvania. It may be readily known
from the preceding, by its polished appearance.

The lower right figure of the plate.

HIPPARCHIA. Puatse L.

For Generic Characters, see Hipparchia andromacha. [ante
p- 80.]

HiIpPARCHIA SEMIDEA.— Specific character. Wings brown ;
inferior pair marbled beneath.

Desc. Body black, immaculate: antennz fuscous, beneath
bright rufous towards the tip, the club very gradually formed :
superior wings brown, the costal margin with alternate transverse
black and yellow lines, exterior margin with alternate black and
white spots; beneath dull ochreous, with obsolete, transverse,
abbreviated, blackish lines; costal and broad tip margin alter-
nated with vivid black and white lines; inferior wings dark
brown ; towards the posterior margin obscure ochreous, with ob-
solete, abbreviated, blackish, transverse lines; posterior margin
with a slender black line and dirty white edging; beneath mar-
bled with black and white, the black prevailing across the middle
and base of the wing.

Obs. Many of the insects belonging to this genus are decorated
with beautiful colors, and with eye-like spots upon the wings ;

8

114 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

but the present species is of a more simple and unassuming
character. Without any imposing attractions to arrest the eye,
it exhibits an agreeable neatness in the disposition of the con-
‘trasting colors, on the inferior surface of the wings. But its
chief title to our attention is the great altitude of its native cli-
mate. It inhabits the bald summits of the White Mountains of
New Hampshire, and appears to be limited to that inhospitable re-
gion. Mr. T. Nuttall sent me a specimen some time since, taken
by himself; and Mr. Charles Pickering of Salem, has recently
presented me with an individual in am excellent state of preser-
vation, from which the accompanying plate has been taken.
The plate exhibits two views of the insect.

BOLETOPHAGUS. Puare LI.

Generic character. Body very rough, oval, convex; head
rather large, without a neck ; eyes almost bisected by the promi-
nent margin; antennz arcuated, inserted beneath the margin,
thicker towards the tip; mandibles destitute of a horny nail;
palpi filiform, terminal joint of the maxillaries cylindrical : thorax
transverse, as broad as the elytra, the anterior angles projected
forwards: scutel small, rounded: elytra covering the tergum.

Obs. In consequence of the rough unequal character of the
surface of these insects, their appearance is repulsive to the com-
mon obseryer, but in the estimation of an entomologist, their
claims to his attention are in no respect diminished by any sup-
posed departure from a particular standard of beauty. They
have been referred by the different authors to the genera Opa-
trum, Trox, Diaperis, and even Silpha and Hispa. But Latreille,
perceiving that their generic characters were not conformable to
any group already existing in the system, separated them under
the name of El/edona. This name ought to have been adopted,
having the unalienable right of priority over that of Boletopha-
gus, subsequently applied by the justly celebrated Iliger. But
as the present designation is preferred by Fabricius, Dejean,
Leach, and the German entomologists, we for the present
acquiesce in the use of it. The species frequent fungi, whence
the generic name Boaitn, boletus, and 9275, I eat.

BoLeToPHAGUS CORNUTUS.— Specific character. Thorax with
two slightly incurved horns, which are hairy beneath.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 115

Opatrum bifurcum Fabr., Supp. p. 40.

Opatrum cornutum Panz. Faun. Amer. Bor. Prodr. pl. 1, fig.
5, a b, and fig. 6, a b. .

Boletophagus cornutus Fabry. Syst. Eleuth. vol. p.112. Schonh.
Syn. vol. i. p. 120.

Eledona cornuta Latr. Hist. Nat. Crust. et Ins. vol. x. p. 312.

Desc. Body brown: head with a few small tubercles ; and on
the anterior edge an elevated, double acute horn: thorax irregu-
larly granulated, with two prominent, porrect, incuryed horns,
slightly dilated at tip, hairy beneath, and rather longer than the
head ; lateral edge denticulated : elytra with elevated, abbreviated
lines and tubercles ; at tip somewhat abruptly deflected.

Female, destitute of the elevated double horn on the anterior
edge of the clypeus: thorax with two elevated tubercles, verti-
cal and truncated.

Obs. This species frequently occurs in various parts of the
United States, in fungi. It is very distinct from any other known
insect of the genus. The thoracic processes, as well as that of
the head, afford very good and striking characters. We have
never been so successful as to obtain the above quoted work of
Panzer, and we therefore refer to it through other authors.

The two upper figures of the plate represent the male in dif-
ferent positions.

The lower right figures exhibit the female. The lines show
the natural length.

BoLetoPpHAGUS CoRTICOLA.—NSpecific character. Head and
thorax unarmed; elytra with elevated, abbreviated lines and
tubercles.

Desc: Body brown: head slightly granulated ; anterior edge a
little reflected, and very slighly emarginate at tip: thorax granu-
lated, and somewhat canaliculate ; lateral edge denticulated ;
posterior angle an obtuse spire [spine]: elytra with regular series
of elevated, interrupted lines, and alternating with series of ele-
vated tubercles.

Obs. For this species I am indebted to Dr. John F. Melshei-
mer, who sent me several specimens under the name which I
have adopted. He informs me that it was caught in Virginia,
in October, under the bark of the pine.

116 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

The lower left figures of the plate represent the species in two
positions. The line shows the natural length.

SPHYRACEPHALA. Prats LIL.

Essential character. Head extended each side in a process
which is oculiferous at tip; antennse inserted on the front, third
joint rounded, compressed, setigerous at tip.

Natural character —Head subtriangular ; eyes pedunculated,
peduncles very short, robust; stemmata approximate ; antennz
distant, robust, short, nearly parallel to the peduncles, three-
jointed ; first joint very short, almost concealed; second joint
obconic, ciliated at tip; third joint orbicular, setigerous at tip ;
proboscis bilabiated ; palpi elevated, conic; metathorax with a
conic spine each side beneath the wings; scutel two-spined ;
poisers naked ; wings incumbent ; feet moderate ; anterior thighs
dilated ; anterior tibiee a little arcuated.

Obs. Two genera of dipterous insects have already been con-
stituted, in which the eyes are pedunculated, or situated at the
extremity of elongated, immovable processes of the head: these
are Diopsis of Linneus, and Achias of Fabricius. The present
genus differs from the former, however, in not having the an-

tenn situated on the peduncles of the eyes, but on the front, as
in Achias. It agrees with the former in the terminal origin of
the seta of the antennx, and in the rotundity of the third joint
of those organs, as well as in the armature of the scutel and late-
ral part of the trunk. In the little known genus Achias, we are
informed the terminal joint of the antenne is elongated, cylindri-
cal, and setigerous at base, and that its scutel is emarginate. It
is therefore obvious, that the genus under consideration must be
placed between Diopsis and Achias; and that notwithstanding
the brevity of the processes of the head, and the frontal origin of
the antenne, it appears to be more intimately allied to the pre-
ceding.

Spyracephala is compounded of the words gz, malleus, and
Képars, caput, in allusion to the form of the head.

. SpHYRACEPHALA BREVICORNIS.— Specific character. Dusky;
wings bifasciate, with brown; scutel, spines, and feet yellowish.
Diopsis brevicornis nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sei. vol. i. p. 23.
Desc. Head pale rufous, vertex and each side before the eyes

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 117

dusky ; peduncles of the eyes not longer than the distance between
their bases, a distinct seta on the superior part of the peduncle
near the tip, and another each side of the vertex above the an-
tenne, rather larger than the seta of the antenne : stemmata sit-
uated on a very slight elevation: trunk with the lateral spines
conic, blackish: scutel, spines cylindric, setigerous at tip: wings
hyaline, a band behind the middle, and a semiband before the
middle, brown; poisers white : abdomen black, immaculate : feet
yellowish ; anterior thighs very thick rufous, blackish above and
beneath.

Obs. This insect is very rare in Pennsylvania; a few years
since, I obtained a single individual in the month of May: it had
alighted on a leaf of the skunk cabbage, near the Wissahickon
ereek, a few miles from this city. During my subsequent excur-
sions in pursuit of insects, I had never the good fortune to meet
with another specimen, until the autumn of 1819, when with
Major Long’s party on the Missouri, near the cantonment of the
party, on the river shore was a considerable body of rock, on
which I was frequently occupied in hunting for organic reliquiz ;
here, amongst other interesting objects, I had the satisfaction to
find the present insect in considerable numbers, lodged, for pro-
tection against the high winds and cool temperature, in small
erevices of the rock.

The plate exhibits two views. The line shows the natural
length ; and a wing is figured below.

CLYTUS. Puare LIU.

Generic character. Body elongated, subcylindric ; head inclined;
antennz shorter than the body, inserted in an emargination of the
eyes, eleven-jointed ; labrum apparent ; labial palpi with the last
joint obtrigonate ; thorax globose, unarmed ; hind thighs clavate

Obs. A genus somewhat numerous in species, belonging tothe
natural family Cerambycide Leach. The species were scattered
in the genera Cerambyx, Oallidium, Leptura, until Fabricius per-
ceived the necessity of a separation, and he embodied them under
the present designation. Many of them are very prettily orna-
mented with bright yellow bands and spots. In the larva state
they live in wood, penetrating freely through the hardest trees,
and proving very injurious to the particular kinds of timber which
they attack.

118 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

CLytTus spEctosus.—Specific character. Black ; thorax dila-
ted; elytra about five-banded ; feet yellow.

C. speciosus nobis, Long’s Second Expedition, vol. ii. p. 290.

Body deep black ; head with a band passing from the vertex
round behind the eyes, and meeting a band which is round the
mouth above, yellow; a yellow band on the front, immediately
above the antenne, terminating in the sinus of the eyes; mandi-
bles yellow; nasus and labrum pale yellowish, glabrous ; antennz
all black : thorax subglobular, depressed ; an oblique spot each
side before, and another oblique, longer spot or abbreviated line
each side of the middle, yellow ; an arcuated, impressed line each
slde of the middle; scutel yellow ; two small yellow spots before
the scutel under the thorax: elytra with yellow bands; the first
band forms a regular arch, of which the scutel represents the
key-stone ; the second band is in the form of the letter W, each
V receiving a termination of the first band; the third band is
nearly transverse, placed upon the middle ; fourth band arcuated
each side from the suture obliquely backward, parallel and near
to a large terminal spot or band, which on each elytrum is ovate,
with a central black spot; tip witha short obtuse tooth: humerus
with three small spots: postpectus spotted with yellow: thighs
with a brown line on the inner side: venter yellow.

Obs.’ During a short repose of Major Long’s party on the bank
of the Wisconsin river, preparatory to crossing that stream, this.
unusually fine insect attracted the eye of that officer, as it rested
on the bark of a hickory tree. Another specimen belongs to the
Philadelphia Museum, probably taken in Pennsylvania. As these
two are the only individuals that have yet occurred, the species
must of course be considered as rare.

The upper figure of the plate.

[Subsequently figured and described as C. Hayi Gray, Griff.
An. Kingd.; belongs to Arhophalus Serv. as amended by me.—
Lec. |

CLyTus HAMATUS.—Specific character. Black; thorax with a
yellow margin; scutel, two bands, and elytral spot, yellow.

C. hamatus nobis, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 4238

Desc. Body black; antennz rufous, filiform; terminal joints
black; palpi piceous: thorax hairy; the hairs cinereous; margin
yellow, which color is interrupted behind: scutel yellow; elytra

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 119

slightly hairy at base ; each with an oval, oblique spot near the
basal middle ; then a subsutural line proceeding from near the
basal spots to the sutural middle, thence it curves over the disk,
and terminates in a small spot rather before the middle on the
exterior margin ; an oblique line behind the middle passses from
the suture outward ; all these bands and spots are yellow; disk
near the tip obsoletely obscure fuscous ; the tip rounded, unarmed ;
beneath spotted and banded with yellow: feet rufous: thighs at
tip dilated, compressed, black.

Obs. Has some resemblance to C. arietis Fabr., of Europe,
but besides other points of distinction, the elytra are not remark-
ably truncated as those of that species are. It seems also to be
allied to C. arvicola and auricola Oliv., and particularly to the
latter, from which, however, it may be distinguished by its larger
size, by having the thorax nearly surrounded by a yellow line,
and by the obliquity of the terminal band of the elytra. I ob-
tained it near the [Illinois river.

The lower figure of the plate.

[Callidium ruricola Oliv. Ins. 70, tab. 8, fig. 96.—Lxc.]

CLyTUS UNDULATUS.— Specific character. Brown; thorax sub-
bifasciate ; elytra with a spot and three bands, yellow.

C. undulatus nobis, Long’s Second Expedition, vol. ii. p. 291.

Desc. Body dark brown : head darker than the elytra ; antennze
dark ferruginous ; front, below the antennz, bilineate with pale
yellow: thorax darker than the elytra, rough with minute spines
and hairs ; anterior and inferior margins yellow, interrupted above }
basal margin with a transverse yellow spot each side: elytra with
a transverse spot on each near the base ; an undulated narrow band
across the middle, rising along the suture nearly to the scutel; an
undulated transverse band behind the middle, and a terminal band ;
postpectus with the incisures margined with yellow: veuter,
haying the segments margined with yellow.

Obs. I caught the two sexes of this species in the North West
Territory, when traversing that part of the Union with Major
Long’s party. It seems to have some resemblance to the C. mu-
cronatus Fabricius, of South America ; but the elytra are not mu-
cronate, and the markings of the superior surface of the body
are different. '

The right figure of the plate.

120 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

CLlyTUS CAPREA.— Specific character. Fuscous; thorax with
the anterior edge yellow; elytra with four bands at tip, yellow.

C. caprea nobis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. iii. p. 424.

Desc. Body blackish, hairy: head immaculate ; antennee short,
dull rufous: thorax very hairy ; a longitudinal series of trans-
verse, abbreviated, elevated lines, of which the anterior one is
much more elevated: a yellow line on the anterior edge, inter-
rupted on the side : scutel small, black : elytra dark brown, black-
ish towards the base; four bands and tip yellow: the first and
second bands on each elytrum are united in the form of a circle,
only interrupted by the prominent humerus; third band central,
and representing a common M; fourth band drawn obliquely
backward from from the suture; tip emarginate, a prominent
spine at the exterior angle : abdomen and posterior portion of the
postpectus fasciate with bright yellow sericeous hair: feet hairy,
rufous or blackish ; posterior pair elongated; thighs dilated mu-
cronate at tip.

Obs. A handsome species, easily distinguished from others
by the rugous thoracic line; combined with the O O at the base
of the elytra. It inhabits this State, and Mr T. Nuttall pre
sented me with many specimens which he found in Arkansaw.
The bands of the elytra are sometimes white.

The left figure of the plate.

[This was subsequently described as C. elevatus and C. gibbi-
collis Lap and Gory.—LEc. |

DANAUS. Prats LIV.

Generic character. Anterior feet spurious in both sexes ; an-
tennze terminated by a club ; palpi distant, subcylindric, slender,
short ; inferior wings rounded, not forming a groove for the re-
ception of the abdomen ; nails of the tarsi simple.

Obs. Latreille established this genus to comprehend the Fa-
brician genera Huploea and Idea. They were included in the
genus Papilio by Linnzeus, and formed part of his division of
Danai festivi.

DANAUS PLEXIPPUS——Specific character. Wings entire, ful-

vous, with dilated black veins, margin black, with white dots.

Papilio danaus plexippus Linn. Syst. Nat. Gmel. vol. i. part 5,
p. 2278

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 121

Papilio plexippus Cram. vol. iii. p. 24, pl. 206, figs. E and F.
Herbst. Natur. vol. vii. p. 19, pl. 156, figs. 1, 2.

Catesby, Carolina, vol. ii. pl. 88.

Linmus feruginea plexippe Hubner.

Papilio archippus Smith, Ins. of Georgia, vol. i. pl. 6.

Desc. Superior wings above fulvous, anterior margin black,
with white dots; exterior margin black, with a double series of
white dots; the black at the tip is very broad, and contains a
dilated, interrupted, and abbreviated fulyous band, and several
pale fulyous spots ; posterior margin black, immaculate ; beneath
as above, but the spots are of a purer white ; inferior wings en-
tire, sometimes a little crenate, fulvous, with a black posterior,
and half of the exterior margins black, the former with a double
row of white spots, of which those of the middle are sometimes
nearly obsolete, outer margin with a single series of three or four
white spots; nervures of the disk margined with fuscous, with
an elevated spot behind the middle, on the third nervure from
the inner margin ; beneath ochreous, in other respects resembling
the superior surface, but the spots are of a purer white and
larger, the nervures are more dilated, black, edged more or less
deeply with white ; body black, with numerous white dots on the
trunk, and a few on the head and neck above; feet blued black.

Obs. The black margin of the superior surface of the wings
has an opalescent gloss in a particular light. The larva is an-
nulate with black and white, with two slender processes on the
anterior part of the body, and two on the posterior part. The .
pupa is of a delicate green color, with dots of burnished gold. It
feeds on different species of Asclepias, and is very abundant in
the neighborhood of Philadelphia, on the A. syriaca, and accord-
ing to Abbott in South Carolina, on the A. curassavica. I con-
sider the present as the plexippus, on the authority of Gmelin,
who in his edition of the Systemata Nature, states its native
country to be North America. I have of course omitted many
synonyms and references which that author has inserted, as I
consider them to be doubtful. Catesby’s figure cannot be mis-
taken ; he states that the species is “common in most of the
northern colonies in America.”

The plate represents two views of the insect.

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EXPLANATION

OF

TERMS USED IN E'NTOMOLOGY.

A.

Abbreviated, shortened, not extending to the extremity of a given
part ; (elytra) shorter than the abdomen.

Abdomen, the posterior portion of the body, divided into segments
or rings, by sutures or inciswres ; including the viscera, geni-
tals, &c., and composed of tergum, venter, stigmata, and anus.

Abrupt, terminating suddenly, not drawn out to a point.

Acetabuliform, like a circular shallow saucer, the sides of which
are more or less incurved. See calathiform.

Acetabulum, that segment of the postpectus that is situated behind
the peristaethium ; it is bounded each side by the parapleure,
and behind by the mzrianex ; it contains cavities before for
the insertion of the intermediate feet.

Acicular, needle-shaped ; approaching subulate, but more slen-
der, with a more delicate and pungent point; closely allied to
acerose.

Acinaciform, cimitar-shaped ; sabre-shaped ; one thick and straight
edge, the other thin and curved.

Acini, granulations.

Aculeate, prickly ; furnished with, or ending in, prickles; armed
with small sharp points.

Aculeate-serrate, armed with numerous short spines or prickles
inclining towards one end.

Aculei, prickles; small sharp points.

Aculeus, the instrument and appendages with which the female
lays her eggs; the oviduct or sting; an elongated dart, often
poisonous, seated in the extremity of the abdomen ; it is com-
pound, having two or more darts; exserted, projecting; re-
condite, concealed ; retractile, capable of being withdrawn ;
simple, having but one point; or vaginate ; inclosed in a bivalve
sheath ; it is composed of valve, vagina, and spicula.

a

124 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Acuminated, tapering to a point ; a point lengthened out.

Acute, sharp pointed.

Adnate, connected; adhering or growing together; adjoining ;
(abdomen) attached to the thorax without the intervention of
a petiole.

Adpressed, contiguous; pressed to, or laid to.

Aiquata, equal.

Afroscepsin, a supposed unknown sense, of which the antenne
are, by some, believed to be the organs.

Hruginous, the color of verdegris; light bluish-green.

Alze, wings.

Alated, winged; furnished with wings, or with projecting bodies
somewhat like wings.

Albidus, a dusky white.

Albus, white.

Alternate, so placed that between two on one side, there is but
one on the opposite side; or a series of spots on the chequer-
board would be said to be alternately black, or alternately
white. See opposite.

Alveolate, furnished with cells.

Alveole, a cell like that of a honeycomb.

Ambulatory, formed for walking. See saltatory, cursory.

Anal angle, the inner posterior angle of the inferior wings of the
Lepidoptera.

Anastomosing, inosculating, or running into each other like
veins.

Anastomosis, a spot in the upper wing, at the branching of the
nervures, near the costal edge; the stigma; in general this
word is used to indicate the connection of any two nervures of
wing, by means of a transverse nervure.

Anceps, two-edged, very similar to ensiform.

Ancipital, having two opposite edges or angles.

Annulata, or annulosa, one of the four great types into which
Cuvier divides the animal kingdom ; it consists of those ani-
mals whose bodies are more or less divided transversely into
segments. It includes the classes Crustacea, Myriapoda, Arach-
nides, Insecta, and Vermes.

Annulate, or annulated, furnished with colored rings; marked
with differently colored annulations.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 125

Annulus, a ring; the circumference of the gula in which the
lora terminates ; a term applied to colored rings upon the body
or members, differing from a band, by being continued quite
round. j

Antennx, two articulated organs of sensation, situated on the
head; in the Hymenoptera particularly, they are divided into
radicula, scapus, pedicellus, and apex; they are moniliform,
setaceous, clavate, &c.

Anterior angle, of the thorax, is the lateral angle near the head
on each side.

Anterior margin, the margin on the anterior side of the wings,
extending from the base to the apex; the costal margin;
opposite to the posterior margin.

Anterior palpi, the labial palpi.

Anterior wings, the superior wings.

Antipenultimate, the last but two.

Anus, the apex of the abdomen, in which the organs of genera-
tion in most insects are attached or concealed ; including fim-
bria, aculeus, and penis.

Apex, in general indicates the terminal portion of any organ or
part of the body; (of the wing) it is that part or angle which
is opposed to, or at the greatest distance from, the base ; (ligula)
the portion which is not included in the tubus ; (maxille) that
portion which is above the pa/pus.

Apiculate, covered with fleshy, erect, short points. See verru-
cose.

Apodal, (larvee) with simple tubercles instead of feet. See
geometre.

Apophysis, the coxe ; the two small basal joints of the feet. See
trochanter and flocculus.

Approaching, converging.

Approximate, near to, near together; (antenne) close together
at base.

Aptera, insects without wings ; many of the Coleoptera are des-
titute of wings, and in most of such species the elytra are
inseparable: the females of several species of the Lepidoptera
are also destitute of wings; as are also some of the Hymenop-
tera.

Arachnoideous, cobweb-like ; resembling a cobweb.

126 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Arcuated, or arquated, bowed.

Aree, or Areole, wing cells; the membranaceous spaces between
the nervures ; the cellules.

Aristate, or setarious, (antenne) furnished with a hair, which
arises from the superior, lateral, or terminal portion of the ter-
minal joint, as in the common house-fly. See clavate, lamel-
late.

Articulate, divided into distinct joints.

Articulation, joint; this word is generally used to denote the
space between two joints; articulations are apparent, when
their distinction is obvious, and obsolete, when their separa-
tion are not, or hardly visible. The Coleoptera have generally
eleven articulations to each antenna, the Hemiptera four to
six, the Hymenoptera commonly thirteen in the males and
twelve in the females.

Artus, the members ; the instruments of motion, wings, feet, &e.

Asperous, rugged ; with very distinct elevated dots, more uneven
than scabrous.

Assurgent, rising; declining at the base, and rising in a curved
manner to an erect posture. ;

Ater, the deepest black. ,

Atomus, a minute dot or point.

Atropurpureus, dark purplish, almost black.

Atrovirens, dark green, approaching blackish.

Attenuated, growing slender; tapering.

Aurantiacus, orange color; a mixture of yellow and red. See
Sulvous.

Aurelia, that state of the imperfect insect which succeeds the
larva ; the chrysalis or quiescent state of transformation of an
insect, in which it is often inclosed in a separate hard cocoon
or follicle. See nympha, pupa.

Aureus, golden-yellow.

Auricle, or auricula, an appendage resembling a little ear; a
short membranaceous process, placed laterally on the tongue,
it is peculiar to the family Andrenide; they are distinguished
from the laciniz interiores of the Apide by being usually
serrate at tip; they are the “petites parties en forme de bar-
billons” of Degeer; a depressed lateral, rounded lobe of the
thorax.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. Ling

Azxillary, placed in the crotch or angle of the origin of two
bodies; arising from the angles of ramification.

Azure, azure-blue; nearly'the same as ceruleus, but more like
ultramarine.

B.

Badius, chestnut or liver brown.

Barb, a kind of spine armed with teeth pointing backwards.

Barbated, or bearded, (antennz) having tufts or fascicles of hair
at the articulations; (abdomen) tufted with hair at the sides
or tip.

Basal, or basilar, relating to the base.

Base, (of the wing or elytra) that part which is attached to the
thorax : (of the thorax) that part which is nearest to the elytra;
(of the abdomen) the part nearest to the metathorax ; (of the
tongue) the portion included in the twbus; (of the maxille)
the part below the pa/pus, including cardo and pecten.

Bearded, barbated.

Bicaudate, having two tails or processes; this term is gener-
ally applied to the posterior wings of Lepidoptera when thus
formed.

Bicornute, two-horned.

Bicuspidate, ending in two points.

Bifarious, pointing in opposite directions.

Bifid, cleft; cloven in two. See emarginate, furcate, biparted.

Bijugum, in two pairs.

Bilamellar, divided into two laminz.

Bilobate, divided into two lobes.

Bilocular, having two cells or compartments.

Binate, in pairs: consisting of a single pair.

Biparted, profoundly divided into two parts. See bifid.

Bipupillate, an ocellate spot, having two pupils or dots within it,
of a different color.

Biradiate, consisting of two rays.

Bisetous, furnished with two setaceous appendages.

Bivalve, (proboscis) consisting of two valves or divisions united,
so as to form a tube.

Blind, or subocellate, applied to an eye-like spot which is desti-
tute of the central spot or pupil.

128 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Body, includes every part of the insect, and is divided into head,
thorax, and abdomen.

Boreal, of or belonging to the north.

Botryoidal, clustered like a bunch of grapes.

Brachial nervures, those nervures of the anterior wing that ori-
ginate at the thorax, arid run somewhat parallel with the ite-
rior edge, towards the posterior angle or posterior edge, often
connected with the cubital cellules by means of the recurrent
nervures.

Bronze, the color of old brass.

Brunneus, pure very dark brown.

Bullate, blistered.

C.

Caducus, shedding ; easily and quickly falling off.

Oxeruleus, color of the sky; sky-blue.

Oxesius, pale blue, approaching gray.

Calathiform, bowl-shaped: hemispherical and concave. See
crateriform, proculiform.

Jalcarate, having a spur.

Calyculate, double-cupped : one cup placed within another.

Campanulate, bell-shaped: more or less ventricose at the base,
and a little recurved at the margin.

Canaliculate, channelled: excavated longitudinally, with a con-
cave line in the middle.

Cancellate, or cancelled, cross-barred; latticed ; having longi-
tudinal lines or grooves decussate by transverse ones.

Canus, hoary, with more white than gray.

Capillary, hair-like ; long and slender like a hair. See filiform.

Capitate, having a head; terminating in a little head or knob;
it differs from clavate by a more abrupt enlargement.

Capitulum, the dilated or labiated termination of a proboscis ; .
the enlarged tip of the halteres.

Caput, the head.

Cardo, or cardines, in Hymenoptera, is a transverse corneous
body, situated between the base of the mawill and the lora;
they are mentioned by Swammerdam as organs, by which, in

conjunction with the /ulcrwm, the proboscis is united to the
head.

Carina, a keel.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 129

Carinate, keeled ; resembling a keel; having a longitudinal pro-
minence like the keel of a boat.

Carious, corroded, or having the appearance of being worm-eaten.

Carneous, flesh-colored.

Carpus, or punctum, is at the extremity of the radius and cu-
bitus of the anterior wing; this is the joint in the wing of
some insects, by means of which it is folded transversely: it
has been called stigma in the Neuroptera, and is often opake.

Cartilaginous, of the consistence of cartilage or gristle.

Caruncle, a soft, naked, fleshy excrescence.

Cataphracted, invested with a hard callous skin, or with scales
closely united.

Caterpillar, the larva or eruca.

Cauda, the tail: the posterior and terminal part of the abdomen ;
an appendage of any kind terminating the abdomen is usually
called by this name. See anus.

Caudate, generally applied to the posterior wings of Lepidop-
tera, to indicate tail-like projections or processes.

Caudulz, tailets ; little tails.

Cellule, a portion of the wing included between the nervures. See
radial cellule.

Cernuous, bent; the apex bent downward. See nutant.

Cespitose, matted together.

Cheek, the gena ; a portion of the head beneath the eyes on each
side.

Chela, the terminal portion of a foot, which has a moveable
lateral toe like the claw of crab.

Chrysalis, the second stage of the insect from the egg; particu-
larly the second state of Lepidopterous insects, of which cater-
pillar or eruca is the first ; the pupa.

Cicatrix, a scar; an elevated, rigid spot.

Ciliate, fringed ; set with parallel hairs, bristles, &c.

Cinereous, ash-color ; gray tinged a little with blackish ; the color
of wood ashes.

Cingula, a colored band.

Circinal, spirally rolled inwards and downwards, as in the lingua
of Lepidoptera.

Class, one of the principal divisions in a system or arrangement
of natural bodies.

9

130 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Clavate, club-shaped; gradually becoming thicker towards the
end. See capitate.

Claw, the unguis.

Clypeus, the superior portion of the head in Coleopterous insects.

Coadunate, joined together at base; two or more joined together;
(elytra) permanently united at the suture.

Coarctate, contracted; compact; opposed to effuse; (metamor-
phose) that species of change in which the pupa assumes a
cylindrical shape, all the members of the body being concealed
as in the family of Hippobosca. See incomplete, semicom-
plete.

Cocardes, retractile vesicular bodies on each side of the séethi-
dium of insects of the genus Malachius.

Coccineous, the color of the blossom of the saffron.

Cochleate, twisted spirally like a screw, or a univalve shell.

Cocoon, a follicle.

Coenogonous, oviparous at one season of the year, and ovovivi-
parous at another, as the Aphides.

Coleoptera, the first order of insects, having" coriaceous elytra,
not lapped one over the other at tip; coriaceous elytra.

Collar, the collum.

Collare, the somewhat elevated posterior part of the collum.

Collum, the neck or collar; the anterior segment of the trunk
in such insects as have that part of the body divided into several
pieces, as in the Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, &c.; in reality
it corresponds with the thorax of the Coleoptera, &e. See
collare.

Columnar, differs from cylindric, by tapering towards one end,
like the shaft of a column.

Comose, ending in a tuft, or kind of brush. See plumose.

Compressed, flattened laterally ; the transverse diameter much
shorter than the vertical diameter. See depressed.

Concolores, applied to the wings of Lepidopterous insects when
their superior and inferior surfaces are of the same color.

Conduplicate, doubled, or folded together.

Conflect, crowded, clustered ; opposed to sparse.

Confluent, running into one another.

Congested, heaped together.

Conglomerate, congregated.

Conjugate, consisting of a single pair.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 131

Connate, united at base.
Connivent, converging or approaching ; closing.
Contiguous, touching; placed so near as to touch. See approwi-

mate.
Contorted, twisted; incumbent upon each other in an oblique

direction.

Convolute, rolled or twisted spirally: (wings) wrapping around
the body, the outer surface being convex. See revolute, in-
volute.

Converging, approaching each other towards the tip; connivent.

Corbicula, in many species of Hymenoptera, is a fringe of hairs
on the posterior tibiz, arising from the margins of the limb
only. See scopa.

Cordate, heart-shaped: it is not absolutely necessary that an
emargination should exist on the anterior part, but it requires
that the object be somewhat triangular with the corners of the
base rounded.

Coriaceous, leather-like ; thick, tough, and somewhat rigid.

Corneous, of a horny substance; resembling horn.

Corniform, horn-shaped ; long, mucronate, or pointed.

Cornutus, horn-shaped.

Corona, a crown-like apppearance.

Corpus, the body.

Corrugated, wrinkled.

Costa, the thickened anterior margin of a wing, between the base
and apex. See stigma.

Costal-margin, the anterior margin of wing.

Costate, ribbed; marked with elevated thickened lines.

Coxe, the two-jointed base of the feet; the apophysis, consisting
of the patella and trochanter.

Crateriform, somewhat like calathiform, but not so much in-
flated, and rather approaching to infundibuliform. See urceo-
late.

Crenate, scolloped ; differs from serrate and dentate, in having
rounded teeth, not directed towards either end.

Cruciate, cross-shaped; having the shape of a cross; (wings)
incumbent, but the inner margins lay one over the other.

Crustaceous, somewhat hard, elastic, resisting the pressure of the

finger.

132 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Cubital-cellule, a portion of the superior wing, included be-
tween the nervure of the radial cellule and a nervure which
originates near the extremity of the cubitus, and runs in a
curvilinear direction towards the extremity of the wing; it is
complete if this nervure reaches the posterior edge, and incom-
plete if the nervure is abbreviated ; it is often divided into two
or three parts by transverse nervures ; when one of these parts
or small cellules appears to be supported by a petiole it is
termed a petiolated cellule; it is called submarginal cellule by
some authors.

Cubitus, the second nervure of the exterior margin of the wing,
extending from the base to the carpus; it is separated from
the radius by an intermediate membrane.

Cucullate, cone-shaped ; hooded.

Cultrate, shaped like a pruning-knife.

Cuneiform, wedge-shaped ; broad and truncated at one end, and
attenuated to the other.

Cupreous, coppery ; the color of copper.

Cuspidate, prickly-pointed ; ending in a sharp point; an acu-
minated point ending in a bristle. See mucronate.

Cursory, formed for running. See natatory. ;

Cyathiform, wineglass-shaped ; more or less obconical and con-
cave. See calathiform, acetabuliform.

Cyaneus, dark-blue, like prussian-blue.

Cydariform, globose, but truncated at two opposite sides.

Cymbiform, boat-shaped ; navicular.

D.

Deciduous, falling off easily. See caducus.

Decrepitant, crackling.

Decumbent, bending down; upright at base, and bending down
at tip. See procumbent.

Decurrent, closely attached to, and running down another body.

Decurved, bowed downwards. See excurved.

Decussated, in cross-pairs; pairs alternately crossing each other.

Deflected, bent downwards ; (wings) incumbent but not hori-
zontally, the outer edges declining towards the sides.

Dehiscent, gaping; open or standing open; deeply emarginate.

Deltoid, triangular spear-shaped ; trowel-shaped; having the
general appearance of a triangle, with the terminal angle much
further from the base than the lateral ones. _

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 133

Dendroid, shrub-like ; having the appearance of a little tree.

Dentate, toothed ; with acute teeth, the sides of which are equal,
the tip being opposite to the middle of the base. See serrate.

Dentate-serrate, tooth-serrated; the denticulations being them-
selves serrated on their edges.

Dentate-sinuate, toothed and indented.

Denticulated, set with little teeth or notches.

Denuded, or denudated, destitute of covering ; (wings) without
scales or hair.

Dependent, hanging down.

Depressed, pressed downward: more or less flattened vertically ;
the vertical diameter much shorter than the transverse diame-
ter. See compressed.

Detonant, exploding ; emitting a sudden noise.

Diaphanous, semitransparent ; clear.

Dichotomous, forked ; dividing by pairs.

Diffracted, bending in different directions.

Diffuse, spreading.

Digitate, finger-like: divided like fingers nearly to the base.

Digitus, the terminal joints of the tarsus and manus divided into
unguis and pulvillus.

Dimidiatus, half round; extending half way round; (elytra)
covering but half the tergum.

Dioptrate, applied to an ocellate spot, of which the pupil is di-
vided by a transverse line.

Diptera, that order of insects comprehending those that have
only two wings.

Disk, the surface within the margin.

Dislocated, applied to designate a stria or line which is inter-
rupted in its continuity, but of which the tips at the inter-
rupted parts are not in a right line with each other.

Dissilient, bursting open elastically.

Distinct, (antennze) not united at base.

Divaricate, straddling ; spreading out; (wings) incumbent, but
diverging behind.

Diverging, spreading out widely, so as to form nearly a right
angle.

Dolabriform, hatchet-shaped; compressed with a very promi-
nent dilated keel and cylindrical base. See securiform.

134 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Dorsal, of the back.

Dorsum, the posterior portion of the stethidium on the superior
surface of the body, directly above the postpectus, and bounded
behind by the tergum ; in the Coleoptera it is covered by the
basal portion of the elytra.

Duplicate, doubled.

E.

Ecalcarate, without a spur or horn.

Echinate, set with prickles.

Edentulous, destitute of teeth.

Edge, of a surface, is that line which includes the margin, and
forms the extreme boundary; the elytra of many Coleoptera
have a deflected margin beneath the edge called epipleura.

Eflected, bent outwards somewhat angularly.

qq, the first state of the insect.

Elliptical, elongate-oval ; differs from oval by having ,the lines
nearly parallel in the middle.

Elytra, coriaceous, opake, more or less solid lamellae, separated
in repose by a rectilinear suture, substituted for the anterior
wings and covering the dorsum and tergum in repose ; in-
cluding base, tip, humerus, and epipleura. See hemelytra.

Emarginate, notched; terminating in an acute notch at tip.
See sinuate.

Ensiform, sword-shaped ; two-edged, large at base, and tapering
towards the point. See ancipital.

Entire, (wings) with a simple margin ; not indented on the edge.

Epupillate, an ocellate spot included by a colored ring, but desti-
tute of a pupil or central dot.

Epipleura, the deflexed or inflexed margin of the elytra, imme-
diately beneath the edge.

Equal, superfices without inequalities, not canaliculated, striated,
punctured, &c.; this term differs from plane, in not requiring
the part to be level or in a rectilinear direction, but occurs in
round bodies ; also applied to bodies of the same length.

Equitant, folded one upon the other; laminated.

Erect, upright ; nearly but not absolutely perpendicular to the
horizon. See vertical.

Evoded, gnawed ; as if worm-eaten; (edge) with irregular teeth
and emarginations.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 135

Eruca, the state of Lepidopterous insects succeeding the egg;
caterpillar : larva.

Escutcheon, the scutel.

Essential character, a peculiar trait, distinguishing the genus or
species from all others.

Ezxaratus, suleated.

Exarticulate, having no distinct joints.

Excaudate, or ecaudate, (wings) destitute of tail-like processes.

Excurved, curved outwards.

Explanate, spread out ; flat.

Exscutellate, having no scutel.

Exserted, protruded ; opposed to inclosed ; (aculeus) projecting,
not concealed within the body.

Extended, (wings) not lying one upon the other.

Exterior edge, or anterior edge, of the wings; it extends from
the base to the apex.

Exterior margin, (wing) the anterior margin from the base to the
apex.

Exterior palpi, the maxillary palpi.

Exuvia, the cast-off skin, the rejected covering. See vernantia.

Eyes, organs of sight, composed of very numerous hexagonal
lenses ; all insects have two eyes besides the stemmata.

EF:

Face, or facies, the anterior and superior portion of the head ;
including vertex, stemmata, eyes, front, and nasus.

Falcate, shaped like a sickle; conyexly curved before and con-
cave behind.

Farctus, filled full.

Fascia, a tranverse band or broad line; a fascia is said to be
common, when it passes over both the superior and inferior
Wings, as in many species of Lepidoptera, or when it passes
across the two elytra in Coleoptera. See striga.

Fasciated, banded.

Fascicle, a bundle.

Fasciculate, bundled ; clustered as in a bundle ; tufted.

Fastigiate, flat-topped ; of an equal height.

Fatiscent, spontaneously mouldering and falling to} pieces in the
air.

136 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Favose, honeycomb-like ; with large deep holes like the cells of
a honeycomb. See scrobiculate.

Feelers, the palpi.

Feet, six organs of motion situated beneath the body; consisting of
apophysis, femur, tibia, manus, tarsus, plantus, and palma.

Femur, the thigh, or third joint of the feet.

Fenestrate, applied to the naked hyaline spots on the wings of
many of the Lepidoptera.

Ferruginous, the color of the oxide of iron; brown approaching
yellow.

Filate, (antennz) simple, without a lateral hair or dilatation ; this
word is used in the order Diptera.

Filiform, thread-shaped ; slender and of equal thickness. See
setaceous, clavate.

Filose, ending in a thread-like process.

Fimbria, thick ciliated hairs at the termination of the abdomen ;

~ conspicuous in the genus Andrena. See scopa, flocculus.

Fimbriated, fringed.

Fissile, cloven ; divided into parallel lamellz, as in the antenne
of Scarabzeus, and the wings of the Alucitadze. See /amellate

Fissure, a crevice ; a narrow solution of continuity.

Fistular, hollow; applied to a hollow cylinder.

Flabelliform, fan-shaped.

Flaccid, limber ; feeble ; lax. ;

Flagellum, the terminal portion of the antennz situated beyond
the pedicellus ; the apex.

Flavo-virens, green verging upon yellow.

Flexuous, zig-zag without acute angles; seems to differ from
undulated in being alternately bent and nearly straight.

Flocculus, a hairy or bristly appendage of the posterior apophysis
in a few of the Hymenoptera. See jimbria.

Fluviatile, inhabiting rivers, as the larve of many insects.

Foliaceous, resembling a leaf.

Follicle, a cocoon ; the covering formed by the larva for protec-
tion in its pupa state.

Forceps, two or more hooks or processes, sometimes branched
on the inner side, with which the male grasps the anus of the
female ; they constitute part of the penis.

Forcipated, formed somewhat like a pair of pincers.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 137

Fornicate, arched or vaulted.

Fossula, a sinus; a small hollow; foveola and scrobiculus have
nearly the same meaning.

Foveolate, covered superficially with cavities like a honeycomb.

Fragile, brittle, easily broken.

Front, anterior portion of the head, included by the eyes, vertex,
and nasus, and supporting the antennz ; (Diptera) that portion
of the head which is above the antennz and between the eyes,
its superior portion is called the vertex.

Fulcrum, the corneous body on which the base of the tubus, or
sheath of the tongue, in the Hymenoptera, rests; it is “le
pivot” of Reaumer.

Fuliginous, sooty ; of the color of soot.

Fulvous, orange-yellow.

Furcated, forked; terminating in two divisions.

Fuscus, dark brown, with a slight mixture of gray.

Fusiform, spindle-shaped; gradually tapering more or less to
each end.

G.

Galea, helmet; a dilated inarticulate membranaceous piece on
each mazilla, that, together with the labrum, covers the
organs of the mouth in the Orthoptera and some of the Neu-
roptera.

Gastric, of or belonging to the belly.

Gelatinous, jelly-like ; having the consistence of jelly.

Geminate, situated in pairs.

Gena, cheek ; a portion of the head on each side immediately
beneath the eye, often turgid.

Geniculate, knee-jointed ; bending abruptly in an obtuse angle.

Genus, an assemblage of species which correspond in particular
characters.

Geometre, larvee which when walking, alternately elevate and
straighten the middle of the body, as in those of the genus
Geometra ; opposed to rectigrade.

Gibbous, hump-backed ; protuberant.

Glabrous, smooth ; opposed to hairy, downy, villous, &c.

Glaucous, gray-bluish-green.

Globular, like a round ball ; all the diameters equal.

Glochis, a barbed point.

138 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Glomerate, congregated.

Glutinous, slimy, viscid.

Gracile, slender.

Granulated, covered with small grains.

Gregarious, living in society, as many of the larvae of Lepidop-
tera that fabricate a common web.

Griseus, light gray.

Grub, the larva; generally applied to the immature Scarabeus.

Gula, concave portion beneath the head, between the base of the
mentum and the jugulum.

Gymnoptere, membranaceous and transparent wings without
scales.

H.

Habit, or habitus, the port or aspect ; used comparatively to ex-
press a resemblance in general appearance, apart from more
important markings derived from organization.

Habitation, or habitat, a situation or locality frequented by
insects.

Haletres, the poisers, capitate moveable filaments, in the Diptera,
situated one on each side of the thorax, substituted for the in-
ferior wings, and often covered by the scale; they are said to
be naked when destitute of the scale.

Hamuli, minute hooks in Hymenoptera, situated on the anterior
margin of the under wing, they lay hold of the hind margin of
the upper wing.

Hamus, a hooked process, covered with scales, situated under
the upper wings near the base, in the males of many of the
Lepidoptera, receiving a bristle (tendo) from the lower wing ;
the hamus is never present in females.

Hand, the manus.

Hastate, halbert-shaped ; resembling the head of a halbert; ex-
eavated at the base and sides, but with spreading lobes or
angles.

-Haustellum, the sucker; it is formed by the assemblage of in-
flexible setae, and inclosed in a rostellum or proboscis. See
lingula.

Head, the anterior portion of the body, connected at base with
the anterior portion of the stethidium; it includes occiput,
face, gena, mouth, gula, jugulum, and antenne.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 139

Heels, the spinule.

Hemelytra, scales, generally coriaceous at base, and membrana-
ceous at tip, not divided by a straight suture, and substituted
for the anterior wings, as in the Orthoptera and Hemiptera.
See tegmina.

Hemispheric, convex above and flat below, like the half of a
globe.

Hepatic, liver-brown.

Hexapode, having six feet, as in all true insects.

Hirsute, rough with strong hairs; shaggy. See pilous, villous,
tomentous.

Hispid, bristly ; rough with stiff, short, sparse hairs. See str7-
gose.

Hoary, covered with a fine white silvery substance or pubescence.
See pruinous.

Homotene, retaining the primitive form; referring to those arti-
culated animals with feet, that do not change their form with
their vernantia.

Horizontal, (wings) when at rest parallel to the horizon.

Horns, a word used by some writers to designate the antenne.

Humerus, the region of the exterior basal angle of the elytra ;
according to Meigen it is the anterior angles of the thorax in
Diptera.

Hyaltine, transparent; vitreous.

Hymenoptera, an order of insects, comprehending those with
four membranaceous naked wings, as the bees and wasps.

Hypocrateriform, salver-shaped.

Hypostoma, that portion of a Dipterous insect which is included
between the antenn, the eyes and the mouth ; called by some
naturalists clypeus.

I,

Imago, the perfect insect, after having passed through the states
of larva and pupa.

Imbricate, tiled; placed one over another like shingles on the —
roof of a house.

Immaculate, destitute of spots.

Immarginate, having no elevated margin or rim.

Imperfect, or incomplete metamorphose, is that species of change
from the darva to the imago, in which the feet and wings of
the pupa are immoveable, as in the Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, &e.

140 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Incanus, hoary.

Incisure, or suture of the abdomen, is an impressed transverse
line, marking the juncture of two segments.

Inelining, leaning.

Inconspicuous, not readily discernible. See obsolete.

Incrassated, thickened, swelled out at some particular part.

Incumbent, resting against; one lying over the other; (wings)
which, when the insect is at rest, cover the back of the abdo-
men horizontally.

Incurved, bowed inwards. See recurved.

Indurated, hardened.

Inequal, unequal ; with irregular elevations and depressions on
the surface.

Inferior wings, those that are farthest from the head, otherwise
called posterior wings; they are generally smaller than the
superior or anterior wings ; many are provided with hamulv.

Inflected, bent inwards at an angle.

Infracted, bent inwards abruptly, as if broken.

Infundibuliform, funnel-shaped.

Inner margin, or interior margin, of the wings, is that margin
which extends from the base to the posteior angle.

Institia, stria of equal breadth throughout.

Instrumenta cibaria, the trophi; parts of the mouth taken col-
lectively.

Interior edge, or inner edge, the boundary of the inner margin.

Interior palpi, the labial palpi.

Interrupted, broken in its continuity ; but the tips of the broken
parts are in a right line with each other. See dislocated.

Interstitial line, the longitudinal space which intervenes between
two striz of the elytra.

Intorted, turned or twisted inwards.

Inwertebral, those animals which are destitute of the vertebral
column.

Involute, rolled inwards spirally.

Tris, of an ocellate wing spot, isa circle which surrounds the
pupil.

Irregular, (antenne) articulations strikingly unequal either in
magnitude or order.

Irrovate, marked with minute points; dew-like.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. o wi

J.

Joint, articulation ; this word is applied to the space between two
incisures, as the divisions of the antenne.
Jugulum, that cavity of the posterior partof the head to which
the neck is annexed.
K.
Keel, the carina.
L.

Labial palpi, articulated filaments, one on each side of the Ja-
bium ; the interior or anterior palpi.

Labiated, having lips.

Labium, lower lip; composed of the mentum, and ligula or
tongue ; it supports the labial palpi.

Labrum, upper lip; the superior member of the trophi ; it is
generally moveable, and applied to or placed immediately beneath
the nasus, andabove the mandibles; it is sometimes entirely con-
cealed ; it isthe labium of some authors.

Lacerated, ragged ; torn.

Laciniz exteriores, (in the family Apide,) two elongated, flat-
tened or concave, biarticulate valves, situated on the tongue and
near their tip supporting the/abial palpi; they are distinguished
from those palpi by being flat instead of cylindrical.

Laciniz interiores, (in the family Apidz,) two inarticulate, mem-
branaceous valves, which embrace the tongue at its entrance into
the tube.

Laciniated, jagged ; cut into irregular segments.

Lactescent, yielding or secreting a milky fluid.

Lacteus, of a shining white or milky color.

Lacunose, pitted ; having the surface covered with small cavities.
See favose.

Lamella, a thin plate or foliation.

Lamellated, (antennze) divided laterally into distinct plates or
foliations. See fissile, setaceous, Ke.

Lanate, wool y; covered with dense, fine, long, white hairs, so
distinct that they may be separated. See tomentose.

Lanceolate, lance or spear-shaped ; oblong and tapering to the
end.

Larva, the first state of an insect. subsequent to the egg; itis
known by the names maggot, grub, caterpillar, &c. ; it is slow,
sterile, and voracious ; the old authors called it eruca.

142 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Lateral, situated on the side.

Lateritious, brick-color; like miniatus, but duller, and verging
towards yellow.

Latticed, cancellated.

Leg, the tibia.

Lenticular, spherically convex on both sides; a depressed double
convex figure.

Lepidoptera, an order of insects, of which the wings are four in
number, covered by minute imbricated scales; as butterflies
and moths.

Leprous, with loose irregular scales.

Ligula, tongue; the superior portion of the Jabium; it is situ-
ated beneath the mawillx, generally of a soft texture, often bifid,
and frequently coriaceous at base. See lingula, rostellum, ros-
trum, haustellum, proboscis, promuscis, and tubus.

Ligulate, strap-shaped, cut off at top; somewhat linear, and
much longer than broad.

Lilacinous, lilac color; like violaceous, but duller, tinged with
red.

Limb, the circumference.

Line, the twelfth part of an inch.

Linear, with parallel sides; narrow and nearly of a uniform
breadth.

Lineated, lined; streaked ; marked with lines.

Lingua, a bivalve, involuted, obtuse and fistulous tongue, com-
posed of two elongated semitubular fillets, which are in reality
elongated mazille, as in the Lepidoptera; the central organ
of the proboscis in the Hymenoptera constituting a cartilagin-
ous instrument of suction. Fabricius has applied the word
labium to denote this part, and he again applies the same word
to designate the whole proboscis ; it is “le lévre inferieur” of
Degeer.

Linguiform, tongue-shaped ; linear with the extremities obtusely
rounded.

Iviterate, ornamented with characters like letters.

Livid, dark gray, verging towards violet.

Longitudinal, the direction of the longest diameter; situated
longitudinally with respect to the body.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 143

Lora, small corneous cords upon which the base of the probos-
cis is seated ; these parts seem to be intended to let out or
draw in the proboscis; when the latter is projected they point
towards the mouth, and when it is retracted they point towards
the breast ; they are “les leviers” of Reaumur.

LInbricous, covered with a slippery mucous.

Lucid, shining ; applied to insects which shine by night, as Lam-
-pyris and Fulgora.

Luciferous, giving light.

Lunate, cresent-shaped ; formed like a new moon.

Inrid, of a brownish-blue color.

Inteus, unmixed yellow.

Lyrate, cut into several transverse segments, and gradually en-
larging towards the extremity; lyre-shaped.

M.

Macula, a spot larger than a puncture, of an indeterminate figure,
and of a different color from the general surface.

Maculated, spotted ; marked with spots.

Maerianum, that segment of the postpectus situated one on each
side behind the acetabulum and parapleurum ; it supports the
posterior feet.

Maggot, the larva; commonly applied to the immature fly
(Musca).

Mandibles, the upper jaws, generally corneous, placed one on each
side immediately beneath the /abrum, and above the mazille,
moving transversely ; they are the maxillz of Kirby, and are
destitute of palpi.

Manus, the hand; the articulated termination of the anterior
feet ; the anterior tarsus, including palma.

Marcescent, shrivelling.

Margin, that portion of a surface which is within the edge,
bounded on the inner side by the submargin, and consisting
of a more or less dilated imaginary line.

Marginal cellules, the radial cellules.

Marginated, surrounded by an elevated or attenuated margin.

Mazxillz, jaws; one on each side of the mouth immediately be-
neath the mandibles, moving transversely, usually corneous at
base, and membranaceous or coriaceous at fip, and furnished
with one or two palpi.

144 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Maxillary palpi, or exterior palpi, articulated moveable filaments
near the middle of the dorsal edge of the mazillx ; in some
Coleoptera there are two pairs, and are then distinguished into
internal and external, the former is biarticulate and incumbent
on the back of the maailla.

Members, (artus) the exterior organs of locomotion taken collec-
tively, as well as the appendices of the trunk and abdomen.
Membranaceous, thin, skinny and semitransparent like parch-

ment; of a thin pliable texture.

Meniscoidal, somewhat globular, with one side concave.

Mentum, the chin ; the lowest piece of the mouth, supporting the
lingula or tongue, and sometimes covering it in front.

Metamorphosis, an alteration in the appearance of an insect,
owing to the development of parts previously concealed, by a
sudden vernantia ; the transformation from the imperfect or
larva state to the perfect insect ; it is ¢mperfect, semicomplete,
or coarciate.

Metathorax, the posterior portion of the stethidium on the
superior surface ; it is separated from the thorax and scutel by
sutures, and is particularly obvious in the Hymenoptera. See
dorsum.

Miniatus, red, like red-lead.

Modioliform, somewhat globular, truncated at both ends like the
nave of a wheel.

Monodactyle, armed with a moveable nail which closes on the
tip; it differs from chelate in having but one process.

Monarsenous, that kind of polygamy in which one male suffices
for many females.

Monaliform, (antennze) beaded like a necklace. See aristate and
perfoliate.

Monogamous, propagating by the union of one male and one
female only.

Monothelious, that kind of polygamy in which a female is fecun-
dated by many males.

Mouth, the anterior and terminal part of the head, containing
the trophi.

Mucronate, terminated in a sharp point. See cuspidate.

Muricate, armed with sharp rigid points.

a ee: aan

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 145

Mystax, in some Diptera, is a patch of bristles or hair, imme-
diately above the mouth, on the lower part of the hypostoma,
below the vibrissx.

N.

Naked, (pupa) not folliculated ; (surface) glabrous.

Nasus, the anterior termination of the face, particularly in Hy-
menoptera, often separated from the front by a suture, and
often elevated, sometimes gibbous; it is very obvious in Vespa
and the kindred genera; it has no relation with the organs of
smelling ; it supports the Zabrum.

Nail, the unguis.

Natatory, (feet) formed for swimming. See cursory, saltatory.

Navicular, boat-shaped ; with a concave disk and elevated mar-
gin ; cymbiform.

Nebulous, clouded ; marked with many scattered, abrupt, dilated
lines of various forms.

Neck, a contracted posterior termination of the head in some in-
sects.

Nervures, nerves or vein-like processes which support the mem-
braneous part of the wings; divided into radial, cubital, bra-
chial and recurrent-

Neuroptera, an order of insects, including such as have four
finely reticulated wings and no sting, as Dragon-flies, May-
flies, Xe.

Niger, black, a little tinged with gray.

Nitidus, nearly synonymous with /ucid, but is less brilliant, and
is applied to highly polished surfaces.

Nutant, nodding ; the tip bent down towards the horizon.

Nymph, the second state of an insect, from the egg, the members
of which are free, or not enclosed with a common integument,
as in Grillus. See chrysalis, aurelia, pupa.

O.
Ob, perfixed to a word generally signifies inversely.
Obconic, inversely conic ; conic with the vertex pointing down-
ward.
Obcordate, inversely heart-shaped ; heart-shaped with the point
applied to the base of another object or part.
* 10

146 _ AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Oblate, flattened ; this term is applied to a spheroid of which the
diameter is shortened at two opposite ends.

Oblong, the transverse diameter much shorter than the longitu-
dinal.

Obovate, inversely egg-shaped, the narrow end downwards or
towards the base.

Obsolete, indistinct ; Inconspicuous.

Obtect, (pupa) wrapped in a crustaceous covering.

Obtuse, blunt ; ending in a segment or circle.

Occiput, the hinder part of the head; the part behind the vertex.

Ocellate, applied to the eye-like spots on the wings of Lepidop-
terous insects, usually formed of a differently colored iris or
ring, inclosing one or more small spots.

Ocelli, the stemmata.

Oculi, the eyes.

Ochreous, yellow with a slight tinge of brown.

Onychit, two or three small processes between the wnguis at the
termination of the tarsus. See pulvillus

Operculum, a lid; a small valvular appendage.

Opposite, placed on the side opposite to another, so that the bases
of the two are on the same transverse line. See alternate.

Orbicular, round and flat, the diameters of the plane equal.

Orbit, an imaginary border around the eye.

Order, the subdivision of a class.

Os, the mouth and its parts.

Oval, somewhat egg-shaped, but the outlines of the ends are
equal. See ovate.

Ovate, shaped like the longitudinal section of an egg, the outline
of the ends being unequal.

Oviduct, the instrument and appendages with which the female
deposits her eggs. See'aculeus.

Oviposition, the act of depositing eggs; the manner in which
eggs are deposited.

Oviparous, propagating by means of eggs.

Ovoviviparous, producing living young, the eggs being disclosed
in the matrix of the parent.

P

Palate, the interlor part of the transverse lip.
Pagina inferior, the lower surface of a wing.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 147

Pagina superior, the upper surface of a wing.

Paleaceous, chafty.

Pallide-flavens, pale or whitish yellow.

Pallidus, of a pale cadaverous hue.

Palma, palm; the basal tarsal joint of the anterior feet, some-
times furnished with strigilis. See manus.

Palmate, hand-shaped ; cut down nearly half-way to the base
into, subequal, oblong segments, leaving an entire space like
the palm of the hand.

Palpi, articulated moveable filaments in the mouth of insects,
generally shorter than the antenne; divided into ‘/abéal and
maxillary palpi.

Panduriform, fiddle-shaped ; oblong, broad at the two extremi-
ties, and contracted in the middle.

Papilionaceous, butterfly-like.

Papillary, having the apex semiglobular ; somewhat like a nip-
ple; this term ought to be distinguished from verrucose.

Papillous, pimpled ; haying the surface covered with raised dots
or pimples. See verrucose.

Pappus, down.

Parallelogram, a quadrilateral, right-lined figure, whose oppo-
site sides are parallel and equal to each other.

Parapleurum, that segment of the postpectus, which is situated
one on each side of the acetabulum, behind the scapula; in
some genera are two on each side; they may be distinguished
into anterior and posterior.

Parasitical, inhabiting another animal.

Parietes, walls ; perpendicular sides of the honeycomb ; sides of
elevated bodies.

Patulous, open; spreading.

Pearlaceous, having the appearance of pearl.

Pecten, in Hymenoptera, rigid, incurved setae which arm the ex-
terior margin of the upper part of the base of valvule or
maxillee.

Pectinate, comb-shaped ; cut into regular straight segments like
the teeth of a comb. See per/oliate, setaceous.

Pectus, the anterior, inferior portion of the trunk, included, be-
tween the head and postpectus.

.

148 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Pedes, the feet ; this term is applied to the whole limb, consist-
ing of femur, tibia, tarsus.

Pedicellus, the third joint of the antenne, particularly in Hy-
menoptera, often forming the pivot, turning in the socket of
the scapus, upon which the other articulations, constituting
the apex, sit, and by means of which they often form an angle
with that part; it is “le bouton” of Reaumur.

Pedicle, a pedicellus.

Peduncle, a stalk or petiole.

Pedunculated, elevated on a stalk or peduncle.

Peltate, target-shaped.

Pendent, hanging down.

Penicilliform, pencil-shaped.

Penis, the genitals of the male, consisting of forceps and phallus.

Pennaceous, feathered like the web of a quill. See plumous.

Penultimate, the last but one.

Perennial, continuing for several years.

Perfoliate, perforated ; applied to those antennz of which the
joints are transversely divided into thin plates, which are con-
nected by a common stalk passing nearly through their cen-
tres. See clavate, pectinate.

Peristaethium, that segment of the postpectus anterior to the in-
sertion of the intermediate feet; it extends laterally to the
scapulx, and is generally connected with the pectus by a mem-
brane.

Persistent, permanent.

Personate, gaping.

Petiolated, supported on a stem; (cellule) one of the cubtial
cellules is said to be petiolated wabien it is triangular, and con-
nected by means of a nervure with the nervure of the radial
cellule ; this disposition more frequently occurs in ~ second
cellule.

Petiole, a stem; the support which connects the base of the
metathorax with the base of the abdomen.

Phallus, the masculine organ of generation.

Phosphorescent, lucid; emitting light in the dark.

Piceous, pitchy ; the color of pitch.

Pilous, having long sparse hairs. See hirsute.

Pinnatifid, with winged clefts.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 149

Plane, a level or rectilinear surface, destitute of elevations or
depressions ; a curved surface cannot be plane because it is not
rectilinear. See equal.

Planta, the basal joint of the tarsus of the posterior pairs of feet
in Hymenoptera, often dilated or elongated, containing scapula.
See palma.

Pleura, the side of the stethidium, between the thorax and
pectus.

Plicate, plaited ; folded like a fan.

Plumous, feathered; with fine hairs on each side so as to resem-
ble afeather. See pennaceous.

Poisers, the halteres, in the Diptera, a capitate moveable filament
on each side, substituted for the inferior wings.

Polliniferous, formed for collecting the pollen of plants, as in
many of the Hymenoptera.

Polymorphous, undergoing a metamorphose ; applied to those ar-
ticulated animals with feet that undergo a metamorphose,
either partial or total. See homotene.

Polyphagous, eating a variety of food.

Porcate, marked with raised longitudinal lines.

Porrect, stretched out; prominent ; elongated forwards.

Posterior angle, of the wing, is the junction of the posterior edge
with the interior edge; of the thorax, is the lateral angle near
the base of the elytra.

Posterior edge, the boundary of the posterior margin.

Posterior margin, of the wing, extends on the hind part of the
wings from the apex to the posterior angle. See inner
margin.

Posterior wings, the inferior wings.

Postpectus, the posterior portion of the stethidiwm on the infe-
rior surface of the body, consisting of several pieces, which in
the Coleoptera particularly are the peristaethium, acetabulum,
parapleurum, scapula, and maerianun.

Prasinus, grass-green, without any tinge of blue.

Premorse, as if bitten off; with a blunt or jagged termination.

Prismatic, like a prism ; of equal thickness and having several
flat sides ; differs from cylindrical in being angular.

Proculiform (poculiform], hollow and cylindrical, with a hemi-
spherical base, the sides at top straight and not recurved.
See calathiform, cyathiform.

150 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Proboscis, the inarticulate trophi of the Muscz, and is sometimes
soft, labiated and generally retractile, sometimes horny and
acute; according to Kirby it is the tongue of the Hymenop-
tera with all the apparatus, and its vagina.

Procumbent, trailing ; prostrate; tying flat. See decumbent.

Promuscis, according to Lliger, is the trophi of the Hymenoptera.

Pruinous, covered with a frosty kind of woolliness ; hoary.

Prerigostia, or wing-bones, the nervures.

Pubescent, coated with very soft, fine wool, hair or down, which
is short and not crowded. See villous, tomentous.

Pulverulent, dusty.

Punctured, marked with small impressed dots. See scrobiculate,
variolous.

Pulvillus, the soft termination of the foot between the wnquis ; it
is “un petit mammelon” of Degeer. See onychit.

Puniceous, carmine color.

Pupa, the second state of the insect from the egg, often quies-
cent; the members being more or less concealed by the com-
mon integument. See aurelia, nympha, chrysalis.

Pupil, of an occellate wing-spot, is the central spot which is sur-
rounded by the 7ris.

Pyriform, pear-shaped.

Quadrangular, having four angles.

Quadrate, square ; somewhat square.

Quadrilateral, having four sides.

Quiescence, a state of hybernation somewhat resembling torpidity,
wherein the animal requires but little nourishment, and ex-

hibits exterior signs of life.
R.

Radial cellule, or marginal cellule, a portion of the membrane of
the wing, situated near the apex, included between the exte-
rior margin and a nervure which originates at the carpus and
passes, with varicus degrees of curvature, towards the apex ;
it is complete when the nervure reaches the apex, and incom-
plete when this member is abbreviated or interrupted, and
appendiculated when transversely divided by a nervure which
does not originate from the carpus ; when there are two radial
cellules the nervure of one of them originates on the basal side
of, or below the carpus.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 151

Radiated, furnished with lines which proceed from a common
centre. See stellate.

Radicula, radicle; the basal joint of the antennz, attached to
the head.

Radius, the first nervure of the external edge of the superior
wing ; it extends from the Lase to the carpus, and is separated
from the cubitus by a membrane.

Ramous, having branches ; branched.

Raptatory, formed for seizing a prey.

Reclivate, curved in a convex, then in a concave line.

Recondite, (aculeus) concealed within the abdomen, seldom ex-
posed to view.

Rectigrade, larvee, which haying sixteen feet, walk with a recti-
linear body. See geometre.

Rectangular, in the form of a right angle; having an angle of
ninety degrees.

Rectilinear, right-lined ; formed in a straight line.

Recurrent nervures, one or more ascending branches of the dra-
chial nervures, which are inserted into the cubital cellules, some-
times into the first and second, sometimes into the second and
third, and others into one only.

Recurved, bowed backwards.

Reflected, or reflexed, bent back rather angularly.

Refracted, bent back as if broken.

Remote, further removed than distant.

Reniform, kidney-shaped.

Repand, wavy; with alternate segments of circles and interven-
ing angles. See scalloped.

Replicatile, capable of being folded back.

Resilient, haying the property of springing back.

Resupinate, upside down ; horizontally reversed.

Reticulate, like net-work.

Retinaculum, horny moveable scales in the Hymenoptera, serv-
ing instead of muscles to move the spicula, or to prevent it
from being darted out too far.

Retracted, opposed to prominent ; drawn back.

Retractile, generally exserted, but capable of being drawn in.

Retrorse, (sinuate) pointing backwards ; (serrate) inversely ser-
rated.

152 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Retuse, ending in an obtuse sinus, or broad shallow notch; ter-
minated by an obtuse hollow.

Reversed, (wings) deflexed, the margin of the posterior wings
projecting beyond that of the anterior wings.

Reviviscence, the awakening from torpidity ; the restoration from
suspended animation.

Revolute, rolled backwards spirally. See convolute.

Rhombus, a quadrangular figure, having its four sides equal and
its opposite lines parallel, with two opposite angles acute and
two obtuse.

Rhomboid, a figure approaching to a rhombus.

Rigid, inflexible, not easily bending ; opposed to limber.

Rimose, full of cracks.

Ringent, gaping.

Roseus, color of a rose, a pale blood red.

Rostellum, a little bill or beak ; it is horny and articulated as in
Cimex, &c.; it is the “rostrum” of Latreille. See rostrum.
Rostrum, an immoveable prolongation of the head, at the end of
which is the mouth, as in the Curculio kind. Latreille applies

this term to the rostellum of the Cimices.

Rotate, wheel-shaped.

Rudiment, the incomplete formation of a part or organ.

Rufous, reddish.

Rugous, wrinkled ; with irregularly waved and elevated lines.
See corrugated.

Runcinate, notched ; cut into several transverse acute segments
which point backwards.

8.

Saccate, gibbous or inflated towards one end.

Sagittate, arrow-shaped ; triangular, and deeply emarginate at
base.

Saltatory, (feet) formed for leaping, the thighs being dilated.
See ambulatory, cursory.

Sanguineous, color of arterial blood ; duller than puniceous.

Scabrous, rough like a file, with small raised dots. See asperous.

Scale, the squama.

Scalloped, (edge) marked or bounded by segments of circles, with-
out intervening angles.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 153

Scapula, that segment that is situated one on each side of the
peristaethium, on the anterior lateral angle of the postpectus,
immediately beneath the humeral angle of the elytrum; it is
bounded behind by the parapleurum.

Scapus, scape; the second articulation of the antenna, often
elongated ; it is the “bulbus” of Linné, and “le fuseau” of
Degeer.

Scopa, thick hair, covering the posterior tibie of some Hymen-
opterous insects; it is used in collecting and carrying pollen.
See scopula and corbicula.

Scopula, bristles or rigid hairs, in some Hymenopterous insects,
covering the inside of the p/antx, principally those of the pos-
terior feet; it is very conspicuous in pollenifcrous insects ; it
is the “scopa’”’ of Schrank, and “la brosse”’ of Reaumur. See
scopa, fimbria, flocculus. |

Scriptus, lettered ; marked with various characters resembling
letters.

Scrobiculated, pitted; having the surface covered with hollows ;
with deep round pits. See /avose.

Scrotiform, purse-shaped.

Scutel, or scutellum, a small subtriangular portion of the superior
surface of an insect, generally separated by a suture from the
middle of the base of the thorax.

Scutellar angle, (of the elytra) is the angle next to the scutel.

Secund, pointing one way ; unilateral.

Securiform, hatchet-shaped ; triangular-compressed like the iron
part of a hatchet. See dolabriform.

Segment, of the abdomen, isa ring or division of that part, and
is bounded by sutures or incisures.

Semicomplete, (metamorphose) in this kind of change the insect
continues active and feeds, as in Grillus. See coarctate, in-
complete.

Semicylindric, flat on one side; the form of the longitudinal
half of a cylinder.

Semisagittate, half arrow-shaped ; like the longitudinal half of an
arrow-head.

Septum, an internal division of a tubular body.

Sericeous, having the surface shining by means of dense, minute,

short, silky hair. See pubescent.
\

154 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Serrate, like the teeth of a common saw ; differs from crenate in
having the teeth acute, and from dentate in having them di-
rected towards one end, the tips not being opposite to the
middle of their base.

Sesquitertial, occupying the fourth part.

Sesquiocellus, or sesquialter,a large ocellus including a smaller
one.

Sessile, connected immediately with the part from which it ori-
ginates, without the intervention of a peduncle; (abdomen)

attached to the stethidium, by a considerable part of its whole
breadth.

Seta, a bristle.

Setaceous, bristle-shaped; slender and gradually attenuated to
the tip. See capillary, filiform.

Setarious, aristate ; terminating in a simple naked bristle, as in
the antenne of some of the Diptera.

Setous, bristly, set with bristles.

Sexes, of insects, are distinguished in Entomological works by
% (Mars) for male, and ? (Venus) female.

Shank, the tibia.

Simple, destitute of any remarkable processs or appendage ;
(thighs) equal, not dilated or formed for leaping; (aculeus)
having only a single dart or point, not vaginate.

Sinuate, indented ; cut into deep sinuses.

Sinus, a curvilinear indentation more or less profound; differs
from emargina in not being angulated; an excavation as if
scooped out. See retuse.

Solid, this term is applied to the capitulum of the antennae,
when the articulations of which it-is composed exhibit no in-
terval between them.

Sparse, or sparsate, scattered; spread irregularly, and at a dis-
tance from each other.

Spatulate, battledoor-shaped; round and broad at top and attenu-
ated at base. See cuneiform.

Species, comprehends all the individuals which descend from one
another or froma common parentage, and those which resemble
them as much as they resemble each other.

Specific character, a character which comprehends all the indi-

viduals of a species, and distinguishes them from all others of
the same genus

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. lds

Spicula, the instrument with which the female lays her eggs.
See vagina.

Spinous, armed with acute processes or spines.

Spinous-radiate, beset with spines in a circle, either concatenate,
united at their bases, or setaceous, like bristles.

Spinule, spinous processes at the base of the tibia, in Hymen-
opterous insects, including velwm ; they are the “spines” or
“spurs” of Degeer, and heels of Leach.

Spiracula, Spiracle, one of the lateral orifices of the trunk and
abdomen, through which insects respire; the stigmata.

Spiral, revolving obliquely like a corkscrew; or rolled up like a
watch-spring.

Spurious, this word is applied to the anterior feet of some of
the Lepidoptera, in which these members are destitute of nails,
and not suitable for walking.

Spurs, the spinule.

Squama, or scale,a small scale above the halteres in the Dip-
tera; it is composed of two pieces united at their edges, as in
bivalve shells.

Squamula, a very small corneous, concayo-convex scale, cover-
ing the base of the superior wings in some insects.

Squamous, scaly ; covered with scales.

Squarrous, scurfy; consisting of rough scales spreading every
way, or divided into pieces, standing upright and not parallel
with the surface. .

Stellate, star-formed ; with four or five radiating lines. See
radiated.

Stemmata, two or three simple, convex, crystalline bodies on
the vertex of many insects, resembling the eyes of spiders, &c.,
and probably performing the same functions.

Sternum, a carina or corneous process immersed in, or prominent
on the pectus, and which extends longitudinally between the
anterior feet, often elongated before or behind, or concealed
‘by the base of the anterior feet.

Stethidium, the trunk; all that part of the body included be-
tween the head and abdomen. See thorax.

Stigma, an opake spot on the costal margin of the anterior
wings, of some Neuroptera, &c¢.; it is the “anastomosis”
of Kirby, and the “punctum marginale” of Linné. See
carpus.

156 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Stigmata, the spiracula.

Stipes, the stalk or basal portion of the proboscis.

Stipitate, supported on a pedicle.

Stria, a longitudinal line, often punctured, generally proceeding
from the base to the apex of the elytra.

Striate, scored ; marked with fine, parallel, impressed, longitudi-
nal lines. See sulcate.

Striga, a narrow transverse line. See fascia.

Strigilis, a deep sinus near the base of the palma; in some Hy-
menoptera it is often pectinated.

Strigose, clothed with rigid bristles thickest at base. See hispid.

Sub, is prefixed to many of the terms used in Entomology, and
signifies that the term is not exactly applicable, in its strictly
defined sense, to the subject spoken of, but that it must be
understood with some latitude ; thus swbovate is somewhat egg-
shaped.

Subcutaneous, placed under the skin; applied to larve which feed
under the skin of animals, or within the substance of the leaf of
a plant.

Suberoded, (wings) somewhat indented, but irregularly.

Submargin, an imaginary portion of a surface, situated exterior
to the disk, and within the margin.

Submarginal cellules, the cubital cellules.

Subocellate, applied to a spot on the wing of a Lepidopterous
Insect, when it resembles an ocellate spot, but is destitute of a
pupil; blind.

Subulate, awl-shaped ; linear at base and attenuated at the tip.

Sulcated, marked with broad, concave, parallel lines; grooved ;
furrowed. See striate.

Sulphureous, bright yellow ; the color of sulphur.

Superciliary, placed above the eyes.

Superior wings, the anterior or upper pair of wings.

T.

Tail. the terminal segment of the abdomen ; an elongation of the
tip of the inferior wing in some Lepidoptera.

Tarsus, the small terminal joints of the feet, divided into planta,
digitus ; Kirby limits this designation to the terminal joints of
the intermediate and posterior pairs of feet ; for that of the an-
terior pair see manus; but authors generally have not made
this distinction.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 157

Tegmina, wing covers of the Orthoptera ; the left laps over the
right in Blatta, Phasma, and male Locust, and generally in
Gryllus and Truxalis---the right over the left in Mantis, Mantispa,
Acheta, Gryllotalpa, and some female Locusta. See hemelytra.

Tegula, a small scale, resembling the sqguamula of the Diptera,
but more simple and solid, on the base of the superior wings of
many insects.

Tendo, one or more bristles attached near the base of the under
Wing, and passing through the hook (hamus)in many male Lep-
idoptera; the females often have the tendo, but never the
hamus.

Tentacula, retractile processes on the larve of some species of
Lepidoptera.

Teres, nearly cylindric.

Tergum, the superior portion of the abdomen, separated from the’
venter by lateral sutures, and divided into segments which are
perforated each side with the spiraculz.

Terminal, situated at the extremity.

Tessellated, chequered ; figured like a chess-board.

Testaceous, tile or brick color.

Tetragonal, having four corners or angles.

Thigh, the femur; the third joint of the feet.

Thorax, the dorsal portion of the trunk, included by the dorsal
sutures, and including tubercula, anterior angle, posterior angle,
base. See pectus.

Thyrsus, a cluster.

Tibia, the leg, or fourth joint of the feet; it is slender, long,
enlarging towards the extremity, which is truncated; includ-
ing spinule, scopa, and corbicula.

Tip, of the elytra, is that part which is opposed to the base.

Tomentose, covered with fine hairs so matted together that par-
ticular hairs cannot be separated. See lanate, ciliate.

Tongue, the ligula or lingua.

Torose, protuberating ; swelling into knobs or protuberances.

Torpidity, a state of hybernation in which no exterior signs of life
are exhibited. See quiescence, revivescence.

Tortilis, twisted.

Transverse, the longest diameter placed transversely with respect
to the body.

158 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Trapexium, a quadrilateral or four-sided figure with none of its
sides parallel.

Trichotomous, dividing by threes.

Tricuspidate, ending in three points.

Tridactylous, having three toes or claws.

Trigonate, three-cornered.

Triquetrous, three-sided ; with three flat sides. See trigonate.

Trochanter, the second joint of the feet, preceding the thigh or
femur ; it is also the second joint of the apophysis ; it is very
prominent in the Carabide.

Trochlearis, pulley-shaped; like a cylinder contracted in the
middle.

Trophi, instrumenta cibaria; feeders; parts of the mouth taken
collectively, composed of five principal parts, viz. labrum,
mandibles, macxille, palpi, labium.

Truncate, cut off square at tip. See emarginate, sinus.

Trunk, or stethidium, that part of the body which intervenes be-
tween the head and abdomen, including wings, feet, thorax,
pectus, epigastrium.

Tubercle, a little solid pimple.

Tubercula, an elevated triangular process at the anterior angle of
the thorax, particularly in Hymenoptera.

Tubulous, formed like a tube ; fistulous.

Tubus, 2 corneous sheath at the base of the tongue, including
fulcrum, auricule, and lacinix. Fabricius calls it the base of
the tongue. Degeer names it ‘the intermediate piece of the
sheath ;’ Swammerdam also considers it “the sheath of the
tongue.” Latreille names it “la gaine.’”’

Tunicate, composed of concentric layers enveloping one another.

Turbinate, top-shaped ; nearly conical ; it differs from pyriform
in being shorter and more suddenly attenuated at base.

Turgid, swollen.

WWE
Umbilicate, resembling a navel.
Umbonate, bossed, having an elevated knob in the centre. See

gibbous.
Uncinate, hooked at the end.
Unequal, opposed to equal; differing in length.

AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY. 159

Undulated, waved obtusely, without any right lines, but in seg-
ments of circles. See flexwous.

Unguiculate, armed with a hook or nail.

Unguis, nail or claw, two incurved hooks which terminate the
tarsus. See pulvillus.

Ungulate, hoof-shaped ; like a horse’s hoof. .

Urceolate, pitcher-shaped ; swelling in the middle like a pitcher.
See infundibuliform, cyathiform.

Utriculus, a little bag, or hollow vesicle.

é ye

Vagina, every part, the office of which is to cover, defend, or
support the tongue—it is divided into tubus, valve, palpi, lora,
and annulus, (Kirby) ; the bivalve coriaceous sheath or cover
of the spicula.

Vaginate, (aculeus) inclosed in a bivalve sheath.

Valve, or valvule, in the Hymenoptera, are two coriaceous lamina
or sheaths which surround and inclose the vagina, and which
support the exterior palpi ; small concave membranes inclosing
the proboscis; the maxil/x.

‘Variety, a peculiarity of color or form in an individual, not
proper to the species; this difference is sometimes inherited
by several successive generations.

Variolous, with large, unequal, impressed points.

Veins, (vene). See nervures.

Velum, membranaceous appendages attached to the spinule at
the apex of the anterior tibiz.

Venter, the inferior portion of the abdomen, separated from the
tergum by lateral sutures, and divided into segments.

Ventricose, distended ; bellying ; inflated.

Vernantia, vernatio; moulting, the shedding of the skin or
exuvia.

Verrucose, having little hard lumps or wart-like elevations upon
the surface. See papillous, apiculate.

Versatile, vane-like ; turning about like a vane.

Vertebral, of or belonging to the vertebra; generally used to
indicate spots, lines or a different shading of color, &c., im-
mediately over the part corresponding with the vertebral column
in a vertebrate animal.

160 AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGY.

Vertex, that part of the face which lies between the occiput, eyes
and front ; (Diptera) the superior portion of the front.
Vertical, perpendicular ; at right angles with the horizon. See
erect.
Verticillate, placed in whirls.
Vesicular, beset with prominences that are internally concave, or
with little bladders.

Ubratile, this term is used to express the almost continual
movement of the antennze of some Ichneumons and Mutille ;
and of the wings of some Diptera.

Vibrissee, curved bristles or hairs in some Diptera situated be-
tween the mystax and the antenne.

Vill, soft hairs.

Villous, soft haired; clothed with long, soft hair. See hirsute,
pubescent.

Violaceous, violet color ; a mixture of blue and red.

Viscid, covered with a resinous or greasy matter. See glutinous.

Vitellinus, yellow, with a slight tinge of red.

Vitta, a longitudinal colored line.

W..

Whirls, or whorls, generally on the antennee, consisting of small
hairs placed round the joints, like spokes round the cave of a
wheel. See verticellate.

Wing-cells, the aree.

Winglets, small concayo-convex scales generally fringed at tip,
placed under the base of the elytra in Dytiscus marginalis.
Wings, membranaceous, reticulated instruments of flight, affixed
laterally to the thorax, comprehending superior or anterior,
and inferior or posterior wings, elytra and hemelytra. See

posterior angle, nervure, stigma.

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 161

[From the Western Quarterly Reporter, Vol. II. No. 1, for January,
February, and March, 1823, p. 71-82.]

ARTICLE IX.
NATURAL History.

A Description of some new species of Hymenopterous Insects.*
BY THOMAS SAY,
Professor of Natural History in the University of Pennsylvania, and of Zoology to the
Philadelphia Museum.

The following descriptions of insects belonging to the order
Hymenoptera, of Linné, have been made out from specimens col-
lected by myself whilst engaged as a member of Major Long’s
exploring party under the orders of the Secretary of War, J. C.
Calhoun, in traversing the region of country which extends from
the river Mississippi to the base of the Rocky Mountains. These
insects constitute about one-third of the whole number of new
Hymenoptera discovered during the expedition: the remainder
will be the subject of a future essay.

* The name of this class of insects is derived from two Greek words
‘ueny-avoc, Membrane, and rrs2, wing. The insects belonging to it have
most commonly four naked wings, with longitudinal nervures, the infe-
rior of which are shorter and straighter than the superior, to which they
are attached. They have six feet, a mouth furnished with distinct man-
dibles, with jaws and a lip which by their union form a trunk or sucker,
which is called tongue. The female most frequently has the abdomen
terminated with a little needle or awl. The wasp and bee are familiar
instances of the general characters belonging to this class of insects,
The service rendered by these, which like the wasp prey on inferior in-
sects, is scarcely less acceptable than that performed by the bee in the
collection of honey for our use. The manners of this class are very in-
teresting throughout, whether we consider them engaged in the con-
struction of receptacles for their progeny, or selecting with great appa-
rent forethought and much labor, the food which is destined for their
subsistence.—Ed. W. Q. R.

11

162 WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER.

ALLANTUS Jurine.

1. A. VENTRALIS.—Black ; feet before and abdomen beneath
white.

Inhabits Arkansa. [72]

Body black; nasus, labrum, mouth, abbreviated line above the
eye, and large spot beneath it, white; thorax with a line before
the wing, small spot each side on the scutel, white ; wings a little
dusky: feet white before; pectus with a white line on each side,
and somewhat testaceous central spot ; tergum immaculate ; venter
white.

Length nine-twentieths of an inch.

2. A. BIFASCIATUS.—Black ; tergum with a white band at
base, and a rufous one in the middle.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body black; nasus white; labrum and palpi dull whitish:
thorax with a yellowish line before each wing ; scutel yellowish ;
wings dusky ; nervures brown ; feet white ; tips of the posterior
thighs and their tibie, black ; tergum with a white band at base
and a rufous one on the middle.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch. (2 )

For this handsome species I am indebted to Mr. Thomas
Nuttall.

3. A. EXTERNUS.—Black : tibia white on the exterior side.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body deep black ; head with a spot each side on the nasus and
base of the mandibles, white ; wings fuliginous ; nervures black :
thighs at tip above, incisures of the coxa, exterior side of the
tibia and tarsi, white: posterior feet robust.

Length nine-twentieths of an inch. <A female.

4. A. pAuLIpes.—Black ; thorax rufous before ; feet white.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body black; labrum and palpi white; thorax with a rufous
triangle before, a rufous spot on each side of the disk, another
beneath the origin of the wing and tip of the scutel rufous: a
whitish spot before the wings; wings, a little dusky; carpus
whitish : feet white ; posterior thighs blackish in the middle ; ter-

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 163

gum, with the lateral basal margin of the segments, rufous; venter
rufo-testaceous each side, dusky in the middle.
Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

DOLERUS Jurine.

D. contAris.—Black; thorax, rufous before.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body entirely black; with the exception of a yellowish-rufous
[73] anterior thoracic, triangle, and anterior segment or collar of
the same color, which descends on each side.

Length to the tip of the wings nine-twentieths of an inch.

TREMEX Jurine.
1. T. sericeus. [Ante, p.73.]
2. T. oBsoLeTus. [Ante, p. 74.]

ANOMALON Jurine.

e.% FLAVIOORNIS.—Black ; antenns yellow; wings blackish ;
abdomen very much compressed.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Mouth piceous; thorax with two approximate dilated grooves
confluent behind ; scutel united to the thorax by a carinated line
each side; tip of the superior wings, and tip of the interior mar-
gin of the inferior wings, broadly margined with blackish: abdo-
men dilated towards the tip, broad, very much compressed ;
first segment sub-cylindric, nearly as longas the second and third
segments taken together, and geniculate at its union with the
second segment.

Length more than one inch.

I obtained an individual specimen near the Rocky Mountains.

MUTILLA of Authors. [74]

M. QUADRIGUTTATA.—First segment of the tergum with four
yellow dots.

Inhabits near the Rocky Mountains.

Body ferruginous, with confluent punctures; antenne and
mandibles black at tip; tergum black, first segment with four
yellow dots placed nearly equidistant two and two, the anterior

164 WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER.

pair smaller; posterior segments and tips of the first segment
with yellowish sericeous hair.
Length more than half an inch.

SCOLIA. Latreille, Jurine.

1. S. 8-macuLaTa. [Ante, p. 68.]
2. S. TRiciNcTA. [Ante, p. 69.]
3. S. cONFLUENTA. [Ante, p. 68.]

PLESIA Jurine. £75]

P. MARGINATA.—Yellow ; abdominal segments margined be-
hind with black; beneath black.

Body yellow ; head black, varied with yellow; collar with the
anterior declivity black ; thorax black ; squammula and large cen-
tral spots yellow ; two spots on the scutel yellow ; metathorax and
a large spot on the pleura pale rufous; feet black: a whitish
spot near the tip of the posterior face of the tibia, and another
upon the anterior face of the anterior pair; tergum with the pos-
terior margin of the segments black ; anal segments black: ven-
ter with three triangular yellow spots on each side.

Length less than three-fifths of an inch.

This species agrees in character with the genus Plesia of Jurine;
but it differs from Mizine of Latreille, by having the mandibles
entirely destitute of teeth, a character which it possesses in com-
mon with Meria Illiger, but the form of its wing cells will not
admit of its being referred to the latter genus.

SAPYGA Latreille, Jurine.

S. supuLATA.—Black, elongated ; thorax spotted, and abdom-
inal segments margined with yellow; feet yellow.

Inhabits the United States.

Body elongated, black, apparently glabrous but covered with
short hair ; clypeus and base of the mandibles, yellow ; mandibles
with a single tooth near the tip; antennz rather longer than the
thorax, cylindrical, attenuated at base ; thorax bifasciated before
the wings, the anterior band interrupted ; a spot on [76] the disk
and two transverse scutellar spots yellow; metathorax with two lon-
gitudinal yellow spots ; a yellow triangular spot under the origin

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 165

of the wings; feet yellow, black at base; wings tinged with fer-
ruginous ; abdomen segments with yellow posterior margins in-
terrupted on the middle of the venter, the anterior one not ex-
tending beneath; anterior segment abruptly rather smaller than
the second one; aculeus naked, exerted, inflexible, recurved.

My specimens are males. It inhabits Missouri as well as
Pennsylvania, and is not uncommon. Probably it is allied to
Elis sexcincta Fab.

POMPILUS Fabr., Latr., Jur.
P. Formosus. [Ante, p. 91.]

AMPULEX Jur.

A. CANALICULATA.—Black ; superior wings with a blackish
band; antennz and feet piceous.

Inhabits Missouri.

Mandibles at tip and labrum rufous; front with a carina above
each of the antennze and another in the middle which descends
upon the hypostoma; collar densely punctured and grooved in
the middle; thorax sparsely punctured and with two distant
longitudinal impressed lines; metathorax with eight dilated
grooves, in which are numerous transverse elevated lines; wings
brownish, superiores with a blackish band and black stigma ; ab-
domen polished immaculate.

Length nearly two-fifths of an inch.

These insects have a singular appearance in consequence of
their elongated collar and metathorax. The species resembles
the Fasciatus Jur., but differs in the number of grooves on the
metathorax.

STIZUS Latr., Jur. [77]

1. S. granpis. [Ante, page 3.]
2. 8. unrcincTus. [Ante, p. 4.]

LARRA Fabr., Latr.

1, L. ABpoMINALIS.—Black ; thorax with cinereous down ; ab-
. domen, first, second and third segments, rufous; feet black.
Inhabits Arkansa.

Body black ; front argenteous; thorax with cinereous down ;

166 WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER.

feet black, with argenteous hair; abdomen, first,second and third
segments, bright rufous ; on the tergum each with a lateral silvery
sericeous lunule; terminal segments black, of which the fourth
one has a lateral sericeous lunule; anal segment with a rufous
reflection above.

Length of one specimen eleven-twenticths, of another seven-
tenths of an inch.

With the exception of the tibia, this species, in point of color,
resembles LD. tricolor ¥., but differs from it in form, the abdomen
in this respect being more closely allied to that of L. ichnewmont-
formis. [78]

2. L. rarsaTA.—Black ; abdomen rufous; tarsi rufous.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body black ; abdomen entirely rufous, drawing on sanguineous ;
tarsi, with the exception of the first and second ones, rufous ;
wings hyaline.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

ASTATA Latr.

A. BIcoLor.—Black ; abdomen bright rufous, dusky at tip.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Head, minutely punctured; mandibles, piceous at tips; ante-
rior stemmata of the male, very large; thorax minutely punctured ;
wings hyaline ; nervures blackish ; stigma pale rufous; abdomen
rufous sanguineous ; the male black at tip, scutel on the disk im-
punctured, polished; metathorax with crowded dilated superficial
punctures.

Length less than two-fifths of an inch.

On a transient view this insect resembless Darra tarsata. I
obtained it near the Rocky Mountains.

NYSSON Latreille, Jurine.

N. 5-spinosus.—Black: abdomen fasciate with glaucous ;
metathorax four or five spined.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body black ; antennz whitish beneath; elypeus white with a
longitudinal black line; mandibles black: margin of the collar .
tuberculi, (Kirby,) an oblique interrupted line above the wings,
scutellar line and tips of the metathoracic spines, whitish : spines

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 167

about five, the superior ones largest, the intermediate one of the in-
ferior series obtuse, sometimes obsolete; tibia, anterior pairs white
before ; anterior tarsi with elongated sete before, (as in many spe-
cies of Gorytes ;) abdomen with the posterior margins of the seg-
ments glaucous, above somewhat iridescent.

Length less than two-fifths of an inch.

CRABRO Fabricius, Latreille.

C. 10-macuLatus.—Black ; tergum with five yellow spots each
side. ,

Inhabits Missouri.

Hypostoma and front with silvery hair ; antennze black ; scapus
and first joint of the flagellum, yellow ; thorax punctured ; collar
yellow, uninterrupted ; scutel and base of the metathorax [79]
with each a transverse yellow line ; pectus with two yellow spots of
which the posterior one is transverse ; wings brown ; feet yellow ;
thighs rufous, blackish at base; spots of the tergum large and
distinct, the posterior one approaching more closely on the back;
beneath immaculate.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

Large and having one spot more on each side than C. macula-

tus Fab.

PHILANTHUS Fabricius, Latreille.

1. P. canaticuLatus. [Ante, page 111.] [80]

2. P. zonatus. [Ante, page 111.]

Like many species of this genus, the Zonatus is subject to vary
in its tints and proportions of coloring. I have a fragment of a
specimen which has two yellow lines on the scutel, a yellow V, on
each side of which is a large yellow spot. Sufficiently distinct
from P. vertilabris L. by the form of the wing cells.

CERCERIS Latreille.

1. C. rrontTaTa.—Nasus elevated ; body pale rufous ; tergum
yellow with rufous incisures.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body pale rufous ; antenne and mandibles black at tip; front
pale yellow; nasus elevated at tip from the clypeus, widely emar-

168 WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER.

ginated and densely ciliated on the anterior edge, lobes acute ; cly-
peus four-toothed at tip; wings dusky blackish on the posterior
margin ; wing scale and double line on the scutel yellow ; tergum
yellow ; incisures reddish brown.

Length of the body nine-tenths of an inch.

The specimen is a female, remarkable by the prominence of the
nasal portion of the face,a character which was also pointed out by
Latreille, ina species which he called Cerceris aurita, which insect
he observed to nourish its young, with insects of the Linnean
genus Curculio.

2. C. BIDENTATA.—Lateral lobes of the clypeus each elevated
into a prominent spine: anterior margin of the superior wings
dusky.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body pale yellowish; head behind the eyes and above, and
base of the antennz, rufous; antennze black at tip ; front concave
lateral lobes of the clypeus each with a conic prominence per-
pendicular to the surface; mandibles black at tip; thorax rufous —
on the principal segment ; superior wings blackish on the anterior
margin, the costal neryure tinged with yellowish in the middle:
tergum incisures reddish brown ; segments each with a transverse
groove on the middle.

Length less than three-fifths of an inch.

In general color, very much resembles the preceding species
from which it may be distinguished by its much smaller size, [81]
and by the two remarkable spines or tubercles situated on the lateral
lobes of the clypeus. The specimen is also a female.

ODYNERUS Latreille.

O. crypricus.—Rufous; wings dusky ; tergum trifasciate with
yellow.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body rufous, much punctured; vertex and origin of the an-
tenne, black ; antenne dusky at tip; thorax with a black spot
before the middle ; scutel bilobate with a longitudinal deeply im-
pressed line ; metathorax concave ; wings dusky, paler at tip;
tergum with three yellow bands, the anterior one smallest and
sub-concealed.

Length more than two-fifths of an inch.

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 169

The third band of the back of the abdomen is sometimes so
near the preceding band as to appear like a dilation of it.

EPEOLUS Latr., ‘Fabr., Jur.

E. 4-rascratus.—Black; abdomen quadrifasciate, terminal
segment tripunctured.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body deep opaque black; three basal joints of the antennx,
clypeus and labrum, rufous ; front around the base of the antennz,
yellow ; thorax with an anterior and posterior yellow line, the latter
so arquated as nearly to attain the former ; a broader line beneath
the wings ; beneath the scutel a whitish band and two oblique
lanceolate spots; tergum, 4-banded with yellow, first band very
broad, interrupted by a line which is very slightly dilated in the
middle ; remaining bands narrower, submarginal, entire ; terminal
segment with an oblique yellow lateral spot ; feet rufous.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

On flowers near the Rocky mountains. It is much larger than
£. mercatus F.

MEGACHILE Latreille.

M. LATIMANUS.—Anterior tarsi dilated and with incurved
cilize on the inner side ; first joint of the intermediate tarsi one-
toothed. (% )

Inhabits Arkansa.

Body black ; covered with greenish cinereous hair; hair of the
front whitish ; antennz filiform, glabrous ; labrum near the [82]
tip, concave, glabrous, polished, tip slightly ciliated ; mandibles tri-
dentate on the oblique tip (in the male) and rufous near the tip,
on the exterior side; anterior feet much dilated and with whitish
hair, dull rufous ; knees black; the tarsi dilated and with dense,
elongated, incurved cilize : intermediate thighs ventricose beneath ;
tibiz arquated ; tarsi dilated, densely hairy on the inner face,
less dilated than the intermediate ones ; abdomen, with the pos-
terior edges of the segments densely ciliated ; anus with a deep
sinus (in the male.)

Length nearly three-fifths of an inch.

In the much dilated appearance of the anterior tarsi, this
species is allied to the Apis lagopoda of Linnzeus, and its prox-
imate species.

170 WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER.

[From the Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. ii. No. 11, for April, May,
and June, 1823, p. 160—165.

Description of Insects belonging to the order NEUROPTERA Lin., Latr.
Collected by the Expedition authorized by J. C. Calhoun, Secretary of
War, under the command of Major S. H. Long.

BY THOMAS SAY,

Professor of Natural History in the University of Pennsylvania, and of Zoology to the
Philadelphia Museum.

ARTICLE IV.
NATURAL History.

Genus PHRYGANEA L. Latr.

1. P. virtptventRis.—Body pale brownish ; abdomen bright
green ; feet whitish.

Inhabits the Ohio river.

Body pale brownish, somewhat hairy, hairs cinereous; head
white beneath ; eyes prominent, chestnut-brown ; antenna rather
longer than the body, light brown, whitish at base ; pectus white;
feet white ; tarsi of the intermediate pair of feet, dilated; supe-
rior wings ciliated, dusky or blackish, beyond the middle a few
whitish spots somewhat arranged in two bands; inferior wings
dusky, immaculate ; abdomen bright green.

Length to the tips of the wings three-twentieths of an inch.
Length of the antennz one-fifth of an inch.

Observed at Cincinnati about the middle of May; is common
but not very numerous.

2. P. NumeRosA.—Body black ; antennze and feet pale brown-
ish ; abdomen with a rufous raised lateral line.

Inhabits the Ohio river.

Head transverse, narrow, black, with numerous cinereous hairs ;
eyes remote, prominent, hemispherical, black-brown ; antennze as
long as the body, brown; basal joints hairy, black ; palpi pale ;
thorax black with cinereous hairs; feet pale brownish; wings
whitish brown, immaculate, nervures brown; abdomen black,
posterior margin of the segments pale rufous, lateral lines of the
incisures raised, rufous; tail pale rufous.

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 172

Length to the tip of the wings one-half inch; of the body
three-tenths of an inch; of the superior wings nine-twentieths
of an inch; of the antenne three-tenths of an inch.

This spegies appears in vast numbers early in May on the river
Ohio. From the 7th to the 9th of that month, when descending the
river, I observed them near each shore, flying [161] in opposition to
the direction of the wind, and so extremely numerous that, hay-
ing a white appearance when flying, they might be compared to
flakes of snow, in a moderate fall of that meteor. 'They were
most numerous on the 7th, and appeared to decrease in number
daily.

3. P. LATERALIS.—Body blackish; wings white; superior
wings spotted with brown; eyes dark reddish-brown; feet
white.

Inhabits Shippingport.

Body blackish with cinereous hairs above, and shaded with
plumbeous beneath ; eyes prominent, dark reddish-brown ; antennz
and mouth pale; thorax black, with cinereous hairs; pectus
black, slightly cinereous or plumbeous; feet whitish; wings
white; superiores slightly spotted with brown, a common spot
on the middle of the inner margin, and several nearer the tip,
somewhat arranged into a band, the costal one of which is larger;
inferiores white immaculate ; abdomen blackish, pale vitta each
side, and a pale posterior margin to the segments; caudal appen-
dages white.

Length to the tip of the wings two-tenths of an inch; of the
body two-tenths of an inch; of the antenne three-tenths of
an inch:

This species appears in very great numbers on the banks of
the Ohio, near Shippingport, on the 21st of May. Judging
from the small space of about half a mile on the Indiana side of
the river, where I had an opportunity to see them, their numbers
could be little inferior to that of P. numerosa, which occurred a
few days before, but of which a specimen was now rarely seen.

4. P. SEMIFASCIATA. [Ante, p. 97.]

Genus BAETIS Leach. [162]

1. B. FEMORATA.—Wings whitish; nervures deep brown, and
marginated with brown; inferior wings subovate, hardly half as
long as the superior ones.

172 WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER.

Length of body half an inch nearly.

Male. Body brown; abdomen beneath whitish ; eyes large,
prominent, approximate, separated above only by a fissure ; thighs
banded with reddish-brown near the middle, and at.tip; wings
snowy white: nervures brown, and margined with brown, more
particularly so at the base, middle and tip of their costal mar-
gins ; caudal seta hardly twice the length of the body.

Female. Body brown; scutel yellowish, distinct; venter
whitish; eyes distant; front prominently carinated: wings
whitish ; nervures brown, equally margined with brown ; inferior
wings less than half as long as the superior; feet pale brown, a
reddish-brown band and tip to the thighs ; caudal sete hardly as
long as those of the male.

Caught at Cincinnati, Ohio, and did not appear in any con-
siderable numbers.

Genus CLOEON Leach.

C. posticATA.—Abdomen pale green, behind brown; thorax
black opake ; wings white.

Inhabits Shippingport.

Eyes apparently four, approximate; superior ones elevated,
subpedunculated; cornea subdiscoidal, slightly convex, edge
tinged with yellow ; inferior ones smaller, not elevated, longitudi-
nally oval, dark reddish-brown ; thorax deep black opake : wings
pure white, immaculate, inferior ones very small ; feet pure white,
anterior pair slightly dusky at base; scutel elevated ; abdomen
pale bluish-green, hyaline, three terminal joints deep brown opake
above ; seta two, long, pure white.

Length of the body three-tenths of an inch; of the setzx
seven-tenths of an inch. [163]

A small and delicate species. Considerable numbers of them
appeared on our boat, May 21st, while at Shippingport. The
contrast between the black and greenish colors of this insect is
very striking; and the greenish portion of the abdomen is so
diaphanous as to exhibit the movements of the interior of the

body.
Genus EPHEMERA Latr., Leach.

E. cupipA.—Body black ; wings dusky, inferiores pale, dusky
at tip; thorax with three distinct longitudinal lines.
Inhabits Ohio river.

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 173

Male. Body black; front carinated; eyes small, remote ;
thorax black, with a cinereous tinge, a longitudinal dorsal broad
black vitta, and a lateral impressed line ; wings dusky, inferiores
pale, with a dusky tip; feet pale brownish ; tarsi black ; anterior
feet blackish ; abdomen black, incisure beneath pale ; setae rather
longer than the body.

Female resembles the male, but the eyes are larger, contiguous,
and brown, with each a smaller, longitudinal, black one on the
inferior orbit ; abdomen black ; segments above and beneath pale
at the posterior edge, a dorsal obsolete white line, and on each
two divergent, abbreviated, obsolete, whitish lines, originating at
the base of the segment and terminating near the middle of its
length ; setze longer than the body.

Length of the body of male seven-twentieths, female nine-
twentieths of an inch; of the sete of male two-fifths, female
four-twentieths of an inch.

This species is rather numerous on the Ohio, in the neighbor-
hood of Cincinnati, the 15th of May.

Genus MYRMELEON Linn., Latr.

M. ABDOMINALIS.—Pale testaceous, varied with black; abdo-
men very long.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Head and thorax pale testaceous, densely spotted and lineated
with black ; antenne clavate, blackish, the segments tipped with
testaceous ; nervures varied with black and white; feet whitish,
spotted with black; abdomen hairy, very much elongated, pale
testaceous, with longitudinal black lineations, posterior half
blackish.

Length one and one-half inches; of the superior wings one
inch.

This we obtained near the Rocky Mountains. The abdomen
of the female is not longer than the wings, and the latter have a
distinct white spot near the tip on the costal margin.

Genus BITTACUS Latr. [164]

B. stiGMATERUS.—Body yellowish; abdomen faleate, wings
with an opake carpal spot.
Inhabits Missouri.

174 WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER.

Body pale yellowish ; stemmata large, frontal, placed triangularly,
two superior ones dusky ; front with a blackish area between the
stemmata ; maxillary palpi blackish ; eyes prominent oval ; thorax
between the origin of the of the superior wings, with two con-
vex, longitudinally oval elevations; wings nearly equal, pale yel-
lowish, a subopake carpal spot near the tip of each ; abdomen
falcate.

Length to tip of wings three-fourths of an inch.

Found near Fort Osage on the Missouri.

Genus SIALIS Latr. [PERLA Geoffr—Say, MS. correction. ]

1. 8. porsata.—Body black, varied with rufous ; labrum pale ;
thorax with a dorsal rufous vitta and anterior and posterior rufous
incisures.

Inhabits the Ohio river.

Head blackish, with about six blacker spots; labrum pale, be-
neath pale yellowish ; palpi black; thorax blackish, with im-
pressed blacker lines, anterior and posterior incisures and dorsal
vitta rufous, angles rather prominent ; a pale obsolete line from the
base of the thorax to the abdomen ; beneath yellowish, disk of
the segments black; trochanters yellowish; wing nerves deep
black ; abdomen black, segments above with yellow posterior
margins; venter pale yellow.

Length to the tip of the wings one and three-fourths of an
inch.

Numerous in May near Pittsburgh.

2. S. IMMARGINATA.—Body black varied with yellow, or yel-
low varied with black; wings dusky; nervures brown immar-
ginate ; thorax transversely quadrate, posterior angles somewhat
rounded, disk somewhat rugose with impressed irregular lines, an
impressed dorsal line, on each side of which isa slightly arquated
one ; eyes deep black-brown ; all beneath yellow.

Inhabits the Ohio river.

Length to the tip of the wings more than an inch; male much
smaller.

Pupa pale, varied with black ; abdomen annulate with black at
the base of the segments; all beneath immaculate; thighs [165] with
a black obsolete spot on the exterior tip; antennz and sete pale

WESTERN QUARTERLY REPORTER. 175

rufous ; head with a black band before the eyes which include
an undulated white line.

This species differs much in the distribution of its colors; it
is generally entirely yellowish beneath, and sometimes also on the
tergum; the thorax also has sometimes a yellow dorsal line, and
sometimes a black one. It appears in considerable numbers to-
wards the end of May.

3. S. rwBEcILLA. Body pale green ; wings white.

Inhabits the Ohio river.

Body pale green, immaculate ; eyes prominent, chestnut-brown,
stemmata chestnut-brown, placed triangular, equidistant ; antenne
dusky, hairy; wing greenish white, immaculate; thorax trans-
versely oval, sculptured.

Length to the tip of the wings seven-twentieths of an inch;
of the body about one-fifth of an inch; of the antenne three-
twentieths of an inch.

Occurs in considerable numbers on the river Ohio, about the
middle of May. I observed it at Cincinnati.

4. S. BILINEATA.—Body pale greenish yellow ; thorax bilineate ;
head with a black double converging line ; eyes reddish-brown.

Inhabits the Ohio river.

Body pale greenish-yellow ; head a double black frontal line,
including the stemmata behind, converging and confluent before,
and truncate at the anterior stemmata; an obscure triangular
spot on the clypeus; eyes deep chestnut-brown ; antennz dusky,
pale at base; thorax with two equal, dilated, parallel, blackish
vittz ; scutel bimaculate, spots blackish, placed transversely ;
wings white, nervures blackish ; tergum black.

Length of the body and wings, from two-fifths to one-half of
an inch.

Found near Cincinnati, and occurs not unfrequently about the
15th of May. The obscure spot on the anterior portion of the
head is sometimes wanting.

176 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

(From Narrative of an Expedition to the source of St. Peter’s river, &c.,
under the command of Stephen H. Long, Major U. 8. T. E., Vol. 2;
Philadelphia, 1824, pp. 268—378.)

ORDER COLEOPTERA.
CICINDELA Linn. Latr.

©. LONGILABRIS.—Blackish ; elytra spotted and banded with
white ; labrum long.

inhabits North-west Territory.

Head and thorax slightly tinged with greenish ; antenne, [269]
basal joints, blue-black ; labrum white, nearly as long as broad,obtuse-
ly longitudinally carinated, obscurely tridentate at tip, and a little
dilated at the lateral base; mandibles white on the exterior edge
near the base: palpi dark blue, or cupreous ; elytra with rather
large, dense punctures ; a humeral spot, another before the mid-
dle on the margin, a reclivate, nearly transverse band on the
middle, and a spot at the posterior curve of the elytra, white ;
venter black, with a purplish reflection.

Length less than three-fifths of an inch.

Var. «. The spots of the elytra obsolete.

This insect seems to approach nearest to C. vulgaris nob. (Trans.
Amer. Philos. Soe. vol. 1. new series,) but it is sufficiently dis-
tinct by the following characters. The labrum is twice as long,
and the punctures of the elytra are more than double the size.
The venter is sometimes dark green.

[Allied'to the European C. sylvatica; and subsequently des-
eribed by Kirby as C. albilabris (Fauna Bor. Am. 12: I have a
green variety from Newfoundland.—LeEc. ]

2. CO. TERRICOLA.—Black ; a white line at the tip of the elytra.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body destitute of metallic lustre ; labrum white ; breadth more
than twice the length; tip three-toothed, intermediate tooth conic
acute, the lateral teeth angulated obtuse ; mandibles white on the
exterior base; thorax a little hairy ; elytra with scattered very

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 177
minute punctures, which are oblique, as if formed by a pointed
instrument directed towards the anterior part of the insect, so that
the surface before each puncture is a little elevated ; a white line
margins the extremity ; venter blackish-testaceous ; tibia dull tes-
taceous.

Length rather more than two-fifths of an inch.

This species is closely allied to C. pusi//anob. but the marking
of the elytra differs, and the thorax is not so much [270] contracted
at base and is more closely affixed to the abdomen.

POECILUS Bonelli.

P. FRATERNUS.—Dark green; elytra dark greenish-cupreous ;
palpi and feet piceous-black.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne fuscous ; three basal joints yellowish, and carinated,
carina dusky; thorax slightly margined ; dorsal impressed line
extending entirely to the basal edge; lateral edge regularly arcu-
ated ; basal angles slightly more than right angles; elytra dark
coppery, with a dark green exterior margin ; striz impunctured ;
interstitial spaces a little rounded; beneath piceous-black.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

Although the thorax of this insect is not broadly margined, yet
the margin is much wider than that of the chalcites Hellwig, (in
Melsh. Catal.) and it may be distinguished from the Jucublandus
Knoch, (in the same work,) by the color of the palpi, &c.

[I consider this as a variety of P. lucublandus.—LEo.]

DYTISCUS Linn. Latr.

D. FASCIVENTRIS.—? Dark olivaceous-brown ; thorax and ex-
terior elytral margin margined with yellow.

Inhabits Lake Superior.

Head darker than the elytra, greenish-back, with a rufous trans-
verse frontal spot; antennz rufous, joints dusky at their tips ;
labrum and nasus yellowish ; palpi color of the antenne ; thorax
color of the head, margined all around with yellowish ; a longi-
tudinal impressed line, and extremely minute scattered punctures ;
seutel [271] yellowish; elytra each with ten grooves extending
nearly two-thirds the whole length from near the base ; exterior
margin yellowish, becoming obsolete at tip; an obsolete spot towards

12

178 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

the extremity resembling the commencement of a branch from the
color of the margin; feet pale rufous; postpectus black, yellow-
ish each side behind and at the anterior angles; venter black,
with yellow bands, terminating each side in triangles of the same
color. ;

Length one and one-tenth of an inch.

This species is most closely allied to D. marginalis of Hurope ;
the appearance of the superior surface of the body is altogether
the same, even to the form and appearance of the frontal spot,
nevertheless our insect is much smaller, and the arrangement of
colors beneath, on the postpectus and venter, is altogether dif-
ferent.

[Afterwards described as D. carolinus Aube, Hydr. 108.—LEc. |

LACCOPHILUS Leach.

L. punctatus.—Dusky testaceous; very regularly and pro-
foundly punctured.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body suboval, short, dull testaceous; head with two dilated
slightly impressed spaces on the front ; clypeus obtusely rounded
at tip; punctures numerous, rather sparse on the vertex ; thorax
blackish on the anterior and posterior margins}; punctures sub-
equidistant ; elytra darker than the head and thorax, very regularly
and beautifully punctured ; punctures rather larger than those of
the thorax, subequidistant ; beneath, excepting the feet, also punc-
tured.

Length more than one-tenth of an inch.

This is a very pretty species, readily distinguished from others.

[Belongs to Hydroporus Clairv.—Lxc.]

[272] BUPRESTIS Linn. Latr.

B. MACULATIVENTRIS.— V iolaceous with acupreous reflection ;
anterior thoracic angles with a spot and a series on each side of
the venter, yellow.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head confluently punctured; a yellow spot before the eye,
almost confluent with another beneath the eye; thorax with a
very distinct margining spot at the anterior angles ; punc-

U

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 179

tured, but with a glabrous dorsal line and one or two lateral
glabrous spots; elytra violaceous, with cupreous reflections ; base
violaceous, punctured-striate ; tip with a small tooth at the sutu-
ral angle, and about four very minute teeth; beneath cupreous,
polished ; venter with a series of three yellow quadrate spots on
each side, and a large oblique oval one on the anal segment
approaching at the middle of the segment and extending by a
branch for a short distance on the edge.

Length thirteen-twentieths of an inch.

This is a very pretty insect, readily distinguished by the sub-
ocular, thoracic, and ventral spots.

[A species of Ancylochira, afterwards described as B. sexnotata
Lap. and Gory, Mon. Buprest. 2, 129, tab. 32, fig. 178.—Lxc.]

SCYDMZAENUS Latr.

S. cLAvipEs.—Blackish ; elytra bright rufous, blackish at tip ;
antennee longer than the thorax.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body hairy ; head piceous ; antenne rather longer than the thorax
and with the palpi, dull rufous; thorax blackish with an impres-
sed transverse line at base and the appearance of a longitudinal
one before ; hairs numerous ; elytra smooth, polished, impunctured,
and without, striz; bright rufous; hairs long; humeral angles
longitudinally elevated ; [273] a slight groove at the base of each
elytrum, tip black; feet rufous; thighs clavate ; venter dull
rufous.

Length more than one-twentieth of an inch.

S. BREVICcORNIS.—Blackish ; elytra bright rufous, blackish at
tip ; antenne shorter than the thorax.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body hairy; head black ; antennze rather shorter than the tho-
rax, hairy, dull rufous; thorax polished, black; elytra smooth,
polished, impunctured, and without strie, bright rufous; hairs
long; humeral angles longitudinally elevated ; a slight groove at
the base of each elytrum, tip black; feet rufous; thighs clavate,
dusky at tip.

Length rather more than one-twentieth of an inch.

Strongly resembles the preceding, but the antenne are much

180 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

shorter and more robust, the thorax is destitute of real or appar-
ent impressed lines, and the clavee of the thighs are more di-
lated.

DORCATOMA Herbst.

D. ocuLatA.—Rounded-oval, blackish-brown, a little hairy ;
antennee yellowish-piceous.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Head very obscure piceous; a few short hairs; antenne yel-
lowish-piceous, first joint large, arcuated; second joint much
smaller, rounded ; third, fourth, fifth, still smaller and not very
distinctly articulated ; sixth transverse, very short ; seventh much
enlarged, on the inner side extending into a conic process, which
is nearly as long as the preceding part of the antenne, and when
at rest is applied closely to the inner side of the eighth joint and
extends quite to its tip ; eighth joint elongate-obtriangular ; ninth
joint as long as the preceding joint, a little arcuated; eyes with
an indented, [274] somewhat dilated line, extending from near the
base of the antennze to the middle ; thorax punctured, with short
hairs, and slightly tinged with piceous ; anterior angles very much
decurved and acute ; posterior angles hardly acute ; posterior mar-
gin lobed at the scutel ; scutel small, rounded ; elytra punctured
and with short hair; exterior submargin with three impressed
strive ; beneath punctured, hairy ; feet dull piceous.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

The form of the penultimate joint of the antenne differs con-
siderably from that of the dresdensis in being much less dilated
on the inner side, the seventh joint has the inner process more
slender and the terminal joint is a little arcuated.

NOSODENDRON Latr.

N. unicoLor.—Black, immaculate, antenne piceous, clavum
yellowish.

Inhabits Missouri.

Head with dense, dilated, shallow punctures; thorax short,
length less than half the breadth ; punctures less dense than those
of the head; posterior edge regularly arcuated ; lateral edge hard-
ly arcuated, nearly rectilinear ; angles acute; elytra irregularly
punctured ; humerus a little elevated; humeral angles subacute ;

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 181

beneath and feet punctured ; anterior tibia widely and deeply
emarginated on the exterior edge near the tip andserrated ; inter-
mediate tibia with four or five serratures on the outer edge, and
a prominent tooth near the tip; posterior teeth with about five
small subspinous teeth, anda robust tooth near the tip.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

[275] ELMIS Latr.

E. cRENATUS.—Thorax with four elevated lines; each ely-
trum with two dull rufous spots.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Parnus crenatus ? Knoch in Melsh. Catal.

Body blackish-brown; front with two dilated, cinereous, lon-
gitudinal lines : antennee and mandibles rufous ; thorax with four
obtuse, elevated, longitudinal lines ; two intermediate ones nearly
confluent at each end; lateral ones more distant, slightly inter-
rupted behind the middle; elytra with strize of dilated impressed
punctures; an elevated line from the humerus terminates rather
before the tip; another elevated line nearer the margin also origin-
ates at the humerus and becomes obsolete before the middle; a
third elevated line originates at the middle of the base and also
becomes obsolete before the middle of the elytrum; an oblong
rufous spot on the humerus and another near the tip; tarsi dull
rufous.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

[Belongs to Stenelmis Dufour—LEc. ]

PARNUS Fabr.
Dryops Oliv. Latr.

P. FAstiaraTus.— Blackish-brown, with very short dense
hair; elytra with strie of rather large punctures.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

P. fastigiatus Knoch in Melsh. Catal.

Antenne fuscous, terminal joints yellow; palpi dull yellow-
testaceous ; thorax highest rather behind the middle, and with
an obsolete indentation each side behind ; anterior angles promin-
ent, acute ; posterior angles obtuse: scutel quadrate, acute behind
elytra with short hairs over [276] the whole surface, and three
series of fasciculated, more ferruginous hairs on the sutural

182 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

half; on this half the punctures are larger and the striz more
deeply impressed than on the exterior half where the surface
has a minutely granulated appearance ; tip acute; feet blackish-
piceous ; tarsi piceous; anterior tibia with a line of dense yellow-
ish hairs before.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

[Belongs to Helichus Er—L«c.]

HYDROPHILUS Fabr.

1. H. crnctus.—Black, surrounded with a yellowish margin.

Inhabits United States.

Hi. cinctus Knoch, in Melsh. Catal. :

Body black, polished, with numerous, minute, regular punc-
tures ; head with a large, triangular, yellowish spot before the
eye; palpi yellowish; antennze fuscous; thorax margined with
yellowish ; this color is sometimes obsolete on the anterior mar-
gin, and generally obsolete on the posterior margin ; elytra with-
out any appearance of striz; the exterior margin, from the hu-
merus to the suture, yellowish; beneath blackish-piceous; tarsi
dull yellowish.

Length more than one-fifth of an inch.

We obtained specimens on Red River of Lake Winnepeek ; it
is also found in Pennsylvania.

[Belongs to Phithydrus Sol.—Lxc. ]

2. H. aLoposus.—Very convex, oval; elytra with strie of
punctures.

Inhabits United States.

H. globosus Knoch in Melsh. Catal.

Body very convex, black, immaculate, punctured; head with
very regular minute punctures, and three or four somewhat
larger ones before the eye; palpi yellowish ; [277] antenne yellow-
ish, clava fuscous ; thorax with minute punctures but slightly im-
pressed ; angles rounded ; scutel with obsolete punctures ; elytra
with minute, numerous punctures, which are very slightly im-
pressed, obsolete; with nine regular striz of distinct larger
punctures, and an irregular series on each interstitial space; be-
neath piceous-black ; tarsi color of the palpi.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 183

This species is oval, not elongated, and is more convex than
any other species of this country yet discovered.
[This is a species of Hydrobius Leach.—LEc. ]

3. H. NEBULOSUS.—Pale whitish-testaceous ; a subsutural line
on the elytra obsolete before the middle.
Inhabits United States.

Hf. nebulosus Melsh. i
H. labiatus Knoch. t Melsh. Catal.

Body very finely but irregularly punctured ; punctures some-
times obsolete ; head black or varied with black ; thorax, angles
rounded ; elytra with a subsutural impressed line which disap-
pears before the middle, and is more deeply impressed behind ;
beneath, excepting the feet, blackish.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

I obtained a specimen in the Lake of the Woods.

[Belongs to Philhydrus.—Lec.]

APHODIUS Illig. Fabr.

1. A. HAMATUS.—Thorax impunctured on the disk; claw of
the anterior tibia dilated, incurved.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body dark piceous; clypeus minutely punctured; margin re-
fiected, particularly at tip; tip truncated, subemarginate ; thorax
punctured each side and at base; large, equalling at least two-
thirds the length of the elytra; elytra [278] paler than the head and
thorax ; striate ; strize punctured ; feet rufous; the claw at the tip
of the anterior tibia is dilated and curved inwards like a hook.

Length less than one-fourth of an inch.

An insect remarkable for its short robust stature and the pro-
portional length of its thorax, as well as for the dilatation and
and crooked form of the appendages at the extremity of the tibia.

2. A.ctypEATUS. Black ; elytra testaceous ; clypeus, covered
with small tubercles.

Inhabits North-West Territory.

Head black, convex, covered with very small obtuse tuber-
cles; edge a little elevated, piceous; tip hardly truncated ; tho-
rax with irregular small obtuse ruge ; anterior angles rectangular;
posterior edge regularly arcuated, not dilated in the middle;
elytra rufo-testaceous, dusky at base ; with deep, punctured striz ;

184 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

interstitial lines convex; thighs dull-yellowish; posterior ones
much dilated.
Length more than three-twentieths of an inch.
Readily distinguished by the rough appearance of the clypeus.
[Probably an Aegialia.—Lxc. ]

TROX Fabr.

T. CANALICULATUS.—Thorax with entire groove; clypeal edge
not reflected ; elytra with alternate series of large and small ele-
vated bristly dots.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body blackish-brown ; head with numerous irregular discoidal
punctures ; clypeus obtusely rounded at tip; the edge not re-
flected ; surface flat, excepting two little elevated protuberances on
the upper part of the front ; antennz yellow; thorax with a strongly
impressed obvious [279] definite groove, the bounding lines of
which are uninterrupted, and are equally elevated in every part;
an obtuse slightly elevated line passes across the groove near its
middle ; between the elevated line of the groove and the lateral
edge is a slightly elevated very obtuse space ; basal edge sinuated,
over the scutel obtusely rounded; basal angles extended a little
backwards and rounded at tip; elytra with four elevated lines
on which are oval fascicles of yellowish short bristles ; interstitial
spaces each with a series of small rounded points, also furnished
with bristles.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

It is about equal in size to the 7. capillaris nobis, but is alto-
gether destitute of the fine capillary lines which ornament the
elytra of that insect.

TENEBRIO Linn. Latr.

T. RETICULATUS.—Black ; elytra rugose with impressed spots
which have elevated centres.

Tnhabits St. Peter’s river.

Body deep black; head with numerous small and regular
punctures, more dense before and on the labrum; antenne, third
joint but little longer than the fourth; thorax with numerous
regular punctures; narrow, a little contracted before and very
slightly contracted behind ; lateral edge longitudinally a little ar-

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 185

cuated, and vertically rounded, with a slightly impressed line
bordered by a slightly elevated one, both so small as not to be
visible to the eye: elytra irregularly reticulated with elevated
lines; the intervening spaces with slightly elevated centres ;
thighs clavate ; anterior and intermediate tibia a little curved ;
tarsi beneath, and inferior portion of the tip of the tibia with yel-
lowish hair. [280]

Length nearly seven-tenths of an inch.

This species is very distinct from any other that I have seen
and very readily recognized.

[Identical with the European Upis reticulata ; and very abun-
dant throughout Canada, in Maine and at Lake Superior.—LEc. ]

PHALERIA Latr.

1. P. TestacEA.—Pale testaceous, beneath black ; thorax im-
punctured ; elytra striate, and with a blackish spot on each near
the tip.

Inhabits United States.

Body oblong-oval, polished; head hardly perceptibly punc-
tered ; a transverse indented line before the eyes; antennz sen-
sibly dilated towards the tip; joints, from the sixth to the tenth
inclusive, transverse, hemispheric-compressed, perfoliate ; eleventh
nearly globose; thorax transverse-quadrate, impunctured, rather
wider behind; an impressed puncture each side on the basal
margin, anterior angles rounded ; scutel blackish ; elytra striated,
striz slightly punctured, more deeply impressed behind, abbre-
viated at the humeral angle; a blackish-brown spot on each near
the tip; tergum blackish; beneath black ; feet pale testaceous ;
anterior tibia serrate with short spines, tip rather abruptly di-
lated, forming almost a lobe on the exterior side; intermediate
and posterior pairs spinulose-serrated, gradually dilating towards
the tip.

Length more than one-fourth of an inch.

This insect is not uncommon. It occurs in Pennsylvania, and
under dead marine animals on the sea-beach, from New Jersey to

Florida.

2. P. ptcrprs.—Black ; antennee, mouth and feet piceous.
Inhabits the Southern States.
Head destitute of an impressed line before the eyes ; antennx

186 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

and thorax formed as in the preceding species [281] excepting that
the anterior angles of the thorax are subacute; strie of the elytra
as in the preceding; feet as in the preceding, excepting that the
anterior tibiz are gradually very much dilated at tip, and not
somewhat abruptly dilated near the tip, the line of the exterior
edge is therefore nearly rectilinear.

Length from one-fifth to less than one-fourth of an inch.

Var. a. thorax dull piceous.

Var. g. entirely piceous.

EPITRAGUS Latr.

K. CANALICULATUS.—Thorax with two lines and lateral edge
elevated.

Inhabits United States.

&- Body blackish-brown, more or less bronzed, with very
numerous short cinereous hairs; thorax broader behind, some-
what lobed at the scutel; angles produced, very acute; lateral
edge rectilinear, elevated; anterior edge abruptly undulated ;
disk with two elevated lines which become obsolete behind and
originate each in a flattened and porrect tubercle on the anterior
edge ; elytra with dilated, slightly impressed grooves.

Length nine-twentieths of an inch.

Var.a. grooves of the elytra obsolete.

The female is very different in appearance from the male, by
being entirely destitute of the elevated lines and edges of the
thorax, and of the undulated form of the anterior edge of the
thorax. The elevated lines and lateral edge give the thorax the
appearance of having three dilated grooves. This insect is found
in Pennsylvania, but is more frequent in the Southern States; I
also obtained specimens in Missouri.

[282] EUSTROPHUS Latr.

K. prrascratus.—Dark reddish-brown, sericeous ; elytra black
bifasciate with rufous.

Inhabits United States.

Palpi terminating with a large obeonie joint, truncated ; tho-
rax sometimes blackish, nearly semicircular, somewhat truncated
before ; posterior angles rather less than a right angle; scutel
transverse, very obtusely rounded behind; elytra with a rufous

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 187

waved band near the base, extending to the base at the outer
margin, and widely interrupted at the suture; another rufous
band behind the middle, slightly undulated, and hardly inter-
rupted by the suture; sutural edge a little elevated behind; venter
very distinctly sericeous with yellowish hair.

Length more than one-fifth of an jnch.

I obtained a specimen many years ago near Philadelphia, and
we lately captured another in the North-Western Territory.

DIRCEA Fabr.

D. r1B1ALis.—Black, with short hair; base of the antennz

“and tibia yellowish.

Inhabits North-West Territory.

Body oval-orbicular, with very short hair, and irregularly and
very minutely punctured ; antennze, three basal joints obscurely
pale rufous ; clypeus a little dilated before the antennz and trun-
cated ; palpi dusky rufous; terminal joint rather abruptly conic-
acute ; thorax convex, short, wide ; lateral edge arcuated ; angles
rounded ; scutel rather large, triangular ; elytra destitute of strie ;
tip narrowed [283] and rounded; tibia pale rufous; posterior
thighs much dilated, formed for leaping.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

[This appears to be WScirtes tibialis Guerin, Spec. Icon. An.
Art. 3.—LEc. ]

SERROPALPUS Oliv.

S. 4-macuLatus.—Blackish-brown, sericeous ; elytra with two
yellow spots.

Inhabits Arkansa and Missouri.

Antenne and labrum dull testaceous; thorax, anterior margin
obsoletely dull testaceous ; scutel minute ; elytra narrower behind ;
a large, very irregular yellow spot before the middle and another
behind the middle of each; pectus and postpectus distinctly
punctured ; anterior tarsi dilated and covered beneath by very
dense, short, yellow hair; remaining tarsi slender; venter dark
red-brown, paler at tip.

Length nearly seven-twentieths of an inch.

This species appears to be of rare occurrence.

[Belongs to Dirceea—Lec.]

188 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

HELOPS Fabr. Latr.

1. H. arcratus.—Dark brassy, irregularly punctured ; elytra
with dilated indentations.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body long, cylindrical, a Jittle depressed; punctures dilated,
rather large, profound, approximate, irregularly disposed ; antennz
piceous, less than half the length of the body, terminal joint ob-
long-oval; palpi dark piceous, long labrum, breadth equal to
twice the length; a small impressed spot between the eyes;
thorax depressed ; widest hardly before the middle, from which
part the edge is rectilinear to the posterior angles, and very
nearly rectilinear to the [284] anterior angles, which are obtusely
rounded ; posterior angles a little angulated ; scutel rounded be-
hind, with short, cinereous, prostrate hairs; elytra not dilated
behind; punctures larger than those of the thorax, often con-
fluent ; a slightly prominent line between the middle and su-
ture, a depressed one between the middle and lateral margin ;
several slightly elevated lines near the tip; disk with two
series of two or three much dilated alternate indented spaces ; tip
rounded ; beneath blackish with small punctures ; feet blackish-
piceous.

Length half an inch.

This insect occurred on the shore of St. Peter’s river, and on
that of Red river of Lake Winnepeek. The larger indentations
of the elytra have a fortuitous appearance.

[A Stenotrachelus identical with the Russian American S. 06-
scurus Mann. Bull. Mose. 1852, 8347.—Lezc.]

2. H. venustus.—Dark brassy, punctured; posterior angles
of the thorax slightly excurved ; elytra iridescent.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body densely punctured ; antenne and palpi blackish-piceous ;
thorax, posterior angles acute, the lateral edge near them being
a little curved outwards; elytra with brilliant coppery and green
vittze changing place with the direction of light; strize profound,
and with the convex interstitial spaces impunctured ; beneath
cupreous, brilliant.

Length more than three-tenths of an inch.

This species closely resembles the micans, Fabr. which has

LONG’s SECOND EXPEDITION. 189

been described under different names by several authors; it has
the same beautiful variable color upon the elytra, which induced
Olivier to call that insect vittatus, and Beauyois to give the name
of teniatus, but it is a small species, the lateral edge of the
thorax is a little curved outwards near the posterior angles,
whilst that of micans is rectilinear in the same part, and the
interstitial [285] lines of the elytra are convex, whilst those of
micans are nearly flat.

CISTELA Fabr. Latr.

1. C. Bryorata.—Blackish, sericeous ; elytra with a humeral
rufous spot.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body black, polished; in a particular light sericeous both
above and beneath with small hairs, which do not, however, at
all conceal the punctures ; head punctured ; palpi and three basal
joints of the antennz rufous-yellow; thorax with equal large
dense punctures; very slightly contracted behind, rounded be-
fore ; posterior angles not prominent ; an abbreviated longitudinal
impressed line at base, on each side of which is an obsolete
dilated impressed lunate space; elytra densely punctured, and
with punctured striz ; humeral gibbosity rufous ; feet dull rufous,
sericeous.

Length nearly three-tenths of an inch.

[Belongs to Mycetochares Latr.—L«Ec.]

2. C. SERICEA.—Pale testaceous, sericeous ; strize of the elytra
obsolete.

Inhabits United States.

C. sericea Knoch in Melsh. Catal.

Head minutely punctured, transverse impressed line before the
antennz very obvious; thorax semioval, a little truncate before
and not undulated behind ; posterior angles rectangular; elytra
hardly perceptibly darker towards the tip, rather lighter at base ;
striz obsolete, excepting two next the suture which are distinct ;
wings a little dusky, particularly towards the tip; feet somewhat
paler than the body.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

(286] A very common species, particularly in July on the Ceano-
thus Americanus and other flowers.

190 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

MELANDRYA Fabr. Latr.

1. M. striata.—Black; thorax with three grooves; front
with an impressed dot; elytra striate and punctured.

Inhabits the middle and northern States.

Serropalpus canaliculatus Melsh. Catal.

Head with numerous minute punctures; a distinct rather
longitudinally oval impressed spot between the superior part of
the eyes; palpi at tip of the terminal joint, and one or two ter-
minal joints of the antenne dull rufous ; thorax gradually dilating
to the base, from the width of the head to that of the elytra;
surface minutely punctured with small sparse hairs ; three dilated
longitudinal grooves, or undulations, obsolete before ; lateral edge
almost rectilinear to near the posterior angles, where it is a little
incurved, it is vertically rounded before the middle, and acute
behind the middle; posterior angles nearly right angled; scutel
suborbicular, convex, punctured; elytra, strie dilated, with
numerous punctures, those of the base being more distinct as
the strize are not so profound in that part.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

A specimen of this interesting insect occurred in the North-
west Territory. My friend, the Rev. John F. Melsheimer, with
whom I corresponded on the subject of this species, agrees with
me perfectly in the propriety of placing it in this genus, and in
its being altogether different from the S. canaliculatus Lllig.
Melandrya canaliculata Faby. This conclusion indeed is irre-
sistible, when we compare our insect with the description of that
of Europe, and [287] with the figures given by Olivier, Panzer,
Latreille and others.

2. M. LABIATA.—Black ; labrum rufous; elytra destitute of
strize.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Head with minute punctures ; no impressed frontal spot, la-
brum distinctly rufous; antenne, terminal joint at tip, tip of the
palpi and of the tarsi, rufous ; thorax with the lateral edge regu-
larly arquated; a deep slightly arquated groove on each side
almost divided transversely into two impressed dots by an obtuse
elevated line ; a central nearly obsolete impressed line ; scutel

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 191

rounded, convex, punctured ; elytra densely punctured ; punc-
tures small; strie none; three or four obsolete raised lines.

Length rather more than two-fifths of an inch.

A smaller species than the preceding and more rare; it differs
also in the color of the labrum, the more rounded form of the
thorax, and in the elytra being destitute of stria. It may be
sometimes found on plants in June.

LAGRIA Fabr. Lam.

L. AENEA.—Green ; thorax oblong ; elytra punctured ; antennae
and palpi yellowish.

Inhabits United States.

I. aenea Melsh. Catal.

Body green, sometimes tinged with brassy; head irregularly
punctured ; with a few scattered hairs, which are more numerous
on the labrum ; a transverse groove between the antenne, formed
by the incisure of the nasus; antennze yellowish rufous, terminal
joint longer than the three preceding ones together; palpi yel-
lowish ; thorax cylindrical, rather larger than broad, punctured,
sometimes with transverse abbreviated wrinkles ; posterior angles
[288] slightly excurved ; elytra nearly rectilinear, not dilated at
the posterior curvature ; punctures dense, profound, rather large ;
beneath blackish-green ; tarsi dark testaceous.

Length from two-fifths to nine-twentieths of an inch.

This is not the Lagria aenea Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. as the
late Mr. F. V. Melsheimer supposed it to be, for independently
of the different specific characters in the description of that in-
sect, it has since been referred by that author to the genus
Dasytes, and must therefore be a Pentamerous insect. The cir-
cumstance of that species being removed from the genus Lagria
enables me to retain the specific name given by Mr. Melsheimer.
We obtained a specimen on Red river.

[Belongs to Statyra Latr., subsequently described as Arthro-
macra donacioides Kirby, Faun. Bor. Am. 239.—LEc. ]

LYTTA Fabr.

L. AENEA nob. varies in being green, with black tarsi. The

antenne of this species resemble very much those of the genus
Mylabris.

192 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

COCCINELLA.

©. LABICULATA nob.—This species varies considerably in color,
but not, as I believe, in the number or arrangement of its spots.

Var. 2. Spots of the elytra ocellate, being surrounded by a
yellowish areola.

Var. 8. Elytra yellowish-white, with the black spots as in the
species.

[This is the same as the European Myzia 15-punctata ; it is
also described by Say, as C. mali, Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. 4, 93.
—Lec.]

RHYNCHITES Herbst. Latr.

R. RUBRICOLLIS.—Blued-black ; thorax and feet rufous ; elytra
striate hairy.

Inhabits United States. [289]

R. rubricollis Melsh. Catal.

Body slender; head hairy, black, with irregular punctures
larger on the rostrum ; antennz and labrum dark piceous ; thorax
rufous, hairy, with dilated irregular punctures, and a longitudi-
nal impressed dilated line, which neither reaches the anterior nor
posterior margins; scutel black, rounded; elytra with regular
strie of punctures furnishing upright hairs; interstitial lines
with each a series of upright hairs; pectus rufous; postpectus
and venter blackish; feet rufous, pale.

Length more than three-twentieths of an inch.

This insect occurs occasionally in Pennsylvania ; we also found
a specimen on Red river of Lake Winnepeek.

[This is Hugnamptus angustatus Schonh. (Herbst,)—Lxc.]

CERAMBYX.

C. SCUTELLATUS.—Brassy-black, punctured ; scutel-pure white.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body brassy-black ; punctures numerous, confluent, impressed»
with minute hairs; head with a deeply impressed line between
the antenna, extending to the origin of the thorax; front with
minute punctures; labrum piceous; mandibles dark piceous at
base ; antennz longer than the body, dark reddish-piceous, paler
at base ; thorax with a veryrobust short spine on each side; pos-

*y

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 193

terior margin with an impressed transverse line; anterior mar-
gin with the punctures so transveysely elongated and confluent
as to appear wrinkled; feet blackish-piceous, paler at base ; scutel
covered with dense prostrate pure white hair; elytra with the
impressed punctures larger at base, transversely confluent ; hu-
merus rather prominent, obtuse; on different parts of the elytra
is dense, dirty brown, very [290] short, prostrate hair, tip un-
armed; beneath blackish with a purplish or slight cupreous
tinge ; a little hairy, particularly on the postpectus.

Length nine-tenths of an inch.

[Is a species of Monohammus.—L«xc. ]

SAPERDA Fabr.

S. vestita. Body entirely covered with very short greenish-
yellow hair; elytra with three small dots.

Inhabits near the southern extremity of Lake Michigan.

Antenne about the length of the body; eyes dark chestnut ;
thorax with an obsolete dorsal line; elytra unarmed at tip; dots
black, small, three on each elytrum, placed one before and near
the middle, largest one a little nearer the base and more distant
from the suture than the other, and one behind the middle, dis-
tant from the preceding in a line with the anterior one.

Length three-fourths of an inch.

A very fine insect. It is also sometimes found in Pennsy]-
vania.

CLYTUS Fabr. [292]
1. C. specrosus. [Ante, p. 118.]
2. C. unpuLATUs. [Ante, p. 119.]

MOLORCHUS Fabr.

M. maratnaAuis. Yellowish; elytra dusky on the disk; an-

ennz shorter than the elytra.

Inhabits United States.

Body with numerous minute hairs ; head yellow ; vertex, palpi
blackish ; antenne short, hardly reaching the tip of the elytra’
and excepting the three basal joints, blackish ; eyes prominent,
black-brown ; thorax short, transversely oval, yellow with a dusky
disk; elytra much abbreviated, rounded at tip, yellow; disk

13

194 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

dusky, reaching to the base; the margin at tip is broad so as to
resemble a yellow spot on each elytrum; edge, like that of the
thorax, a little elevated, particularly at tip ; abdomen long, yel-
low; segments more or less tinged with rufous at base; tail
dusky or black; feet more or less dusky, with yellow incisures,
sometimes nearly all yellow ; venter somewhat sericeous.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

This species is not uncommon in Pennsylvania, and it is also
an inhabitant of the North-west Territory.

[Not a Cerambycide, but a Telephoride, allied to Mahinda and
forming the genus Trypherus Lec.,=Lygerus Kiesenwetter.—
LEC. ]

HISPA Linn.

H. virrata Fabr. This species varies much in color,so much
so indeed, that more than one species might be formed of it by a
naturalist who relied implicitly on the [293] description which
Fabricius gives of the insect. He describes the thorax to be
‘‘ obscure aeneus, nitens lateribus rufescentibus,”’ and the elytra
“obscure aenea, nitidula: vitta lata, fusca.” Now, I have a
specimen, taken near Philadelphia, which agrees very well with
these characters, although the thorax exhibits a tinge of rufous,
and has the additional character of an obscure yellowish-brown
exterior margin of the elytra, which might however, on a super-
ficial examination, be very readily overlooked. But several
specimens which we obtained in the North-west Territory, though
evidently the vittata, differ so widely from the quoted description,
that they would probably be considered as altogether new by an
entomologist who had not a specimen which could serve as a link
to the Fabrician specimen. These individuals all correspond
perfectly in having a bright rufous thorax, dark steel-blue elytra
with a narrow rufous fillet and lateral margin; the venter also is
very dark steel-blue.

H. MARGINATA.—Fulvo-sanguineous; elytra with sanguine-
ous lines; feet yellowish.

Inhabits United States.

H. marginata Melsh. Catal.

Head with an acute impressed line; antenne dark rufous,
not surpassing the thorax; thorax with dilated irregular punc-

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 195

tures; anterior and lateral edge dull sanguineous; elytra serrate
on all the outer edge; sutural edge, external edge, and four lines
elevated, and with abbreviated sanguineous lines; first line bi-
furcate at base; third line widely interrupted in the middle and
confluent with the fourth line near the tip and on the humeral
tubercle ; fourth line serrated ; humeral tubercle prominent; in-
terstitial spaces with a double series of profound, dilated punce-
tures, separated by elevated lines; tip of the elytra so [294] ob-
tuse as to appear truncated ; beneath sanguineous ; feet pale yel-
lowish.

Length more than one-fifth of an inch.

Var. a. Disk of the pectus and postpectus, black.

This is our most common species, and we found a specimen in
the North-west Territory.

[This is Hispa quadrata Fabr.—Lxc.]

GALLERUCA Geoff. Latr.

G. pEcorA.—Dusky ; elytra dull testaceous, sericeous with
golden-brassy hair.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body dusky ; head with a transverse impressed line between
the eyes and another descending between the antennz; antenne
two basal incisures, whitish ; face between the antenne and a
little above them pale yellowish ; labrum and palpi blackish ; tho-
rax tinged with golden-brassy hair ; a longitudinal impressed line,
and a lateral sublunate impressed space; anterior margin, par-
ticularly on each side, dull whitish; anterior angles with a slightly
elevated tubercle surmounted by a single hair, and separated by
an impressed line ; elytra dull testaceous, sericeous with brilliant,
dense, prostrate, golden-brassy hair; punctures rather large, pro-
found, scattered irregularly; beneath blackish, with very short
prostrate hair; punctures small; feet whitish.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

ALTICA Geoff. Latr.
A. TENIATA.—Black ; antennz, feet, and vitta on the elytra,
white.
Inhabits North-west Territory. [295]
Body deep black, polished; head with rather distant, pro-
found punctures ; region of the antenne a little elevated and

196 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

dull rufous; antennz pale, dusky at base and tip; thorax punc-
tured; punctures rather large and profound, but not very dense ;
no impressed line; posterior angles with a minute abrupt excurva-
ture, acute ; elytra punctured like the thorax, with a longitudinal
white vitta on the middle of each, commencing at the middle of
the base and extending rectilinearly, with a slight degree of at-
tenuation to near the tip, and occupying about the sixth part of
the surface ; feet pale, posterior thighs dusky towards the tip.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

This species resembles A. striolata Schéenh., (which seems to
be the Orioceris vittata and Cralleruca elongata of Fabr., and
Mr. J. F. Melsheimer quotes also as synonymous, the A. flexuosa
Panzer,) but it is larger, of a more elongated form, and the vitta
of the elytra is not flexuous as in that common and profusely
_ named insect. I have not met with it in the Atlantic States.

EUMOLPUS Kugell. Latr.

1. E. rnAvipus.—Pale yellowish ; elytra striate with double
series of punctures.

Inhabits United States.

Body densely punctured; punctures rather large and profound;
head with two slightly elevated tubercles between the antennz ;
thorax tinged with rufous; elytra with elevated lines, of which
the inner one curves round at base and descends a short distance
to unite with the sutural line; interstitial spaces, excepting the
subsutural one and the two exterior ones, with double series of
rather [296] large profound punctures; exterior edge blackish-
brown ; venter dusky.

Length nearly one-fifth of an inch.

Var. a. interstitial spaces of the elytra black ; beneath except-
ing the feet, black.

This insect is common in Pennsylvania; the variety was ob-
tained on St. Peter’s river, and might readily be mistaken for a
distinct species.

[Belongs to Colaspis—Lxc.]

2. EK. cocHLEARIus.—Body black; base of the antenna, tibia
and elytra testaceous.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body short, robust ; head punctured, hairy; an impressed line

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 197

from the vertex bifurcates near the antenna; antenn, five basal
joints testaceous, more slender than the remaining ones, and
hardly equalling their collective length ; palpi testaceous, termi-
nal joint black; thorax with short, prostrate, cinereous hairs like
those of the head; punctured, punctures rather large, giving
origin to the hairs; transversely oval; sides without edges; ely-
tra testaceous ; punctures numerous, rather large, subequidistant,
giving origin to prostrate hairs; beneath deeper black, with
smaller punctures and shorter hairs; feet also with fine hairs,
more numerous on the tibiza which are testaceous.

Length $ more than three-twentieths, ¥ one-fifth of an inch,

[Considered by Kirby as the same with the Europeau Ado.cus
or Bromius vitis—LEc.]

COCCINELLA Linn.

C. BITRIANGULARIS.—White; thorax with six, elytra each
with nine black spots.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body above white; vertex black, the color extending down-
wards in a point near each eye; thorax with six large [297]
black subquadrate spots, placed by threes in two triangles, one
on each side of the middle, the two inner spots of each triangle
sometimes confluent; scutel black; elytra, each with nine spots,
placed as follows: one, large subquadrate ; two small; one large
oblong ; two small; two, the exterior one elongated; one small,
transverse ; beneath black ; feet yellowish-white.

Length more than one-tenth of an inch.

[Apparently the same as C. multiguttata Randall. Bost. Jour.
Nat. Hist. 2, 51, which belongs to Hippodamia.—L«c.]

ORDER ORITHOPTERA.

SPECTRUM Stoll. Lam.

8. rEMORATUM.—Apterous; intermediate thighs dilated, an-
gulated, and with the posterior thighs armed with a spine near
the tip.

Inhabits United States.

Body greenish-brown, without any rudiments of hemelytra;
head yellowish with three dilated fuscous vitte; antenne
elongated, brown ; anterior thighs unarmed, simple, bright green:

198 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

tibia dull green, tip and tarsus testaceous; intermediate thighs
dilated, angulated, pale ochreous, annulated with brown, the in-
ferior angulated lines slightly serrated; a prominent, piceous,
acute, robust spine beneath near the tip; tibia greenish, slightly
serrated on the inner side; tarsus testaceous; posterior thighs
brownish, ochreous, with a prominent, piceous, acute, robust
spine near the tip beneath.

Length about three inches.

A specimen occurred at the falls of Niagara on a Hickory
tree (Carya,) and I formerly obtained one near the Missouri
river. They are both males.

[Ante, p. 82; this insect has been placed in a variety of
genera by different authors Diapheromerus Sayii Gray, Synopsis
of Phasmidze (1835) p. 18: Diapheromera Sayi Serv. Orthopt.
(1839) p. 247: Bacunculus Sayi Burm. Handb. 2, part 2, 566:
Bacteria Sayi Charp. Orth. (1846), pl. 6—UnuteEr.]

LS. bivittatum is Anisomorpha buprestoides Stoll. Speet. pl. 23,
fig. 269: 88, % : Gray, Syn. 19: Burm. Handb. 570.—UHLER. |

ORDER HEMIPTERA. [298]
SCUTELLERA Lam.

1. 8. prnoratA.—Head much arcuated, subtrilobate at tip; a
large cinereous spot on the humeral region.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body oval, yellowish-gray, varied with dusky; punctured ;
punctures small, black ; head longitudinally very much decurved,
not forming a right line even on the vertex; fuscous, with three
obsolete, dull fulvous vitte; punctures dense, small, profound ;
two profound, very obvious, distinctly undulated impressed lines
on the anterior two-thirds of the head, the included space a little
elevated, and a tip forming a small lobe; lateral edge concavely
arcuated, forming a rounded lobe at the lateral tip; thorax,
punctures rather smaller than those of the head; anterior half,
excepting the lateral margin, unequal, fuscous, with three obso-
lete dull fulvous lines; posterior half abruptly a little elevated ;
lateral edge black, concavely arcuated before, and convexly so
behind ; posterior angles slightly emarginated; scutel entirely
concealing the tergum and the hemelytra, excepting a very small

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 199

portion of the latter at base; basal disk dusky; a glabrous line
extending to the tip and margined with dusky; a large cinereous
semiorbicular spot in which are abbreviated black lines, extend-
ing from the humeral angle to the lateral middle; beneath
covered with black punctures; feet black ; knees and spot near
the tip fulvous ; tibia fulvous with black lines; tarsi black.

Length more than one-fourth of an inch.

This species may be distinguished by the curvature of [299]
the line of the head, and by the large spot on the humeral re-
gion.

2. S. mNEIFRONS.—Dull fulvous, varied with fuscous; head
and two spots on the thorax brassy.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body oval, punctured; head densely punctured, convex, with
two impressed nearly rectilinear lines from the tip abbreviated at
the vertex; lateral edges convexly arcuated, tip rounded, the
space included between the impressed lines very slightly project-
ing; antenne fuscous, basal joint whitish ; thorax dull fulvous,
with obsolete longitudinal fuscous spaces, and a brassy triangular
spot each side before; lateral edge nearly rectilinear to the pos-
terior angles, which are rounded entire; scutel dull fulvous,
varied with fuscous; hemelytra punctured, visible portion tri-
angular ; beneath pale, head brassy, a brassy spot on each side of
the pectus; thighs with a few black points.

Length about three-tenths of an inch.

This species is subject to vary in being rather smaller, and in
the fuscous variegations being hardly discernible, but the other
characters remain unchanged.

MEMBRACIS Fabr. Latr.

1. M. picrros.—Thorax 2-horned; varied with brown, pale
before ; wings and beneath blackish.

Inhabits United States.

Body above punctured, truncated and vertical before, sur-
mounted by two horizontal subconic horns extending laterally ;
clypeus, vertical portions of the thorax, and triangular space in-
cluded between the horns, whitish-green, varied with fuscous ;
horns fuscous behind and beneath ; back acutely carinated, termi-
nated in a very acute subulate [800] decurved point nearly as long

200 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

as the abdomen, but much shorter than ,the hemelytra; sides of
the thorax posterior to the horns blackish-brown, with an arcuated
spot or line behind the horns, and a band near the tip, whitish ;
hemelytra and wings blackish-brown ; beneath blackish ; rostrum,
knees, tibia, and tarsi, whitish.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

This is an inhabitant of Pennsylvania, and also of the North-
west Territory. It is closely allied to Centrotus bubalus Fabr.
and is infested by Leptus hispidus, nob.

2. M. rRILINEATA.—Brownish-rufous ; thorax elevated on the
middle, with three longitudinal, one oblique, and one transverse
line, whitish.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body with rather large dense punctures; head pale greenish-
yellow, obsoletely irrorate with brown points; thorax before
rounded, unarmed; a dilated pale greenish vitta from the head,
is divided by the rounded elevation near the middle of the back,
and passes down on each side in an oblique white line, which
terminates at the inferior edge behind the middle ; a narrow line
on each side passes from the head and terminates at the emargi-
nation of the origin of the hemelytra; a white band near the
tip margined with fuscous; dorsal foliaceous elevation taking its
rise behind the line of the origin of the hemelytra, its edge very
obtusely curved, and gradually disappearing behind at the white
band, its sides in the middle are abruptly compressed ; tip acute,
not attenuated; hemelytra with a punctured scale at base, which
is adjusted in the emargination of the thoracic edge; coriaceous
exterior margin less than one-fourth the length of the hemelytra,
and punctured ; beneath yellowish-green.

Length three-tenths of an inch. [301]

3. M. concAvA.—Fuscous with elevated lines on the thorax,
and an oblique white band behind.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body with dilated punctures; head inequal, varied with
whitish and fuscous; tip a little more prominent in the middle ;
thorax unarmed, rounded before, with a carina originating at the
head and continued to the tip; elevated lines like nervures,
which are reticulate on the anterior part and near the back, but

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 201

on the sides they are distinctly four or five in number; back
over the origin of the wings a little concave ; anterior or front
of the thorax pale; carina on its concave portion white, and a
white oblique band from behind the middle of the back to the
exterior edge nearer the tip; tip obtuse, hardly surpassing the
hemelytra; hemelytra dull amber, dusky at tip ; nervures brown ;
a fuscous, coriaceous, punctured basal margin extending more
than half the length of the wing; a fuscous, punctured scale ad-
justed in an emargination of the edge of the thorax ; beneath pice-
ous-black ; knees, tibia, and tarsi, yellowish.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

Var. a. Thorax ferruginous or whitish, black or fuscous before
and behind.

This species is also an inhabitant of Missouri and Arkansa.

4. M. srnorata.—tThorax with a compressed horn extending
above the head, and two spots on the back.

Inhabits United States.

Body fuscous, punctured ; head longer than broad, rounded at
tip, minutely punctured; thorax with a projecting horn before,
which rises high above the line of the back, compressed, carinated
above, each side, and beneath, and incuryed towards the tip;
between the lateral and [802] inferior carine are three elevated
lines converging towards the eye; superior carina of the horn
continued upon the back to the tip; lateral carina of the horn
continued upon the side to the middle of the thoracic edge ;
carina of the back slightly undulated, with two yellowish spots,
of which one is on the middle and the other near the tip smaller
and placed nearer to the anterior one than its own length; tip
acute ; anterior and intermediate tibiz dilated, foliaceous ; pos-
terior tibia with two serrated lines behind; hemelytra opaque,
much longer than the abdomen ; wings hardly longer than the
abdomen.

Length including the horn seven-twentieths ; exclusive of the
horn more than one-fifth of an inch.

The eyes are very nearly equidistant between the tip of the
horn and of the hemelytra. It very closely resembles the /an-
ceolata Fabr. an inhabitant of South America, of which it may
possibly prove to be a variety.

202 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

5. M. tatrpes.—Thorax with a compressed, porrect horn ;
body fuscous, immaculate.

Inhabits United States.

Body fuscous, punctured ; hemelytra paler; thorax, horn ex-
tended in a line with the back and slightly decurved at tip; but
in other respects resembling that of the preceding species ; black
immaculate, posterior tip acute ; hemelytra paler than the thorax ;
nervures fuscous.

Length equalling the preceding species.

This species very closely resembles the binotata, but the horn
has a very different direction ; the back is destitute of spots, and
the hemelytra seem to be of a more membranaceous texture.

[303] CERCOPIS Fabr. Germar.

CO. PARALLELLA.—Hemelytra with two whitish bands, which
are margined with dusky.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Dusky yellowish-brown, punctured; head densely punctured ;
dusky in the middle and near the eyes; a glabrous somewhat
elevated longitudinal line; length less than one-third of the
breadth; thorax less densely punctured than the head ; angulated
at the middle of the anterior edge; a glabrous somewhat elevated
line from the anterior central angle, continued on the scutel ;
scutel acute, punctured at base, glabrous at tip ; hemelytra densely
punctured ; an oblique band from the tip of the scutel, attains
the exterior edge near the middle, it is whitish, margined with
dusky ; another oblique band parallel with the preceding and of
the same colors, is placed a short distance behind the middle ;
near the tip on the inner edge is a whitish spot; pectus and feet
yellowish ; tarsi, terminal joint dusky; tergum and venter
dusky, margined with sanguineous.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

This species varies a little in the shade of its coloring, and
when dark in color, the bands are almost obsolete. This species
also occurs in Missouri and Arkansa.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 203

ORDER NEUROPTERA.
BAETIS Leach.

1. B. pinineATA.—Large, pale ferruginous ; inferior wings
margined behind with dusky; tergum fuscous with a double
series of whitish lines. [304]

Inhabits St. Peter’s river.

Head above somewhat fulvous; beneath and front yellow ;
thorax, first segment yellowish-brown, blackish each side and
before; second segment pale brownish, a little tinged with rufous
and with indistinct oblique whitish lines, proceeding from the
longitudinal impressed line; two brown spots on the middle
placed transversely ; wings hyaline, whitish, with fuscous ner-
yures; posterior margin of the inferiores fuscous; tergum fus-
cous; lateral margin whitish ; posterior edges of the segments
white above; a double series of whitish, oblique, dilated, abbre-
viated lines.

Length 9 to tip of the wings one and three-tenths of an
inch.

This is much the largest species of this country I have seen ;
it appeared in considerable numbers.

[Belongs to Palingenia, and is P. limbata Guér. Icon. Régne
An. pl. 60, fig. 7—Uuter.]

2. B. ALTERNATA.—Wings whitish, nervures fuscous ; tergum
fuscous, segments whitish at their bases.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body fuscous ; head on the'anterior margin and gene white ;
thorax pale brownish-livid, yellowish near the scutel ; wings hya-
line, with a whitish reflexion, nervures not margined ; pleura and
pectus varied with yellowish; feet pale ochreous, a fuscous
annulus near the tip of the thighs; tergum fuscous ; segments
whitish at base, one or two ultimate segments with two whitish
longitudinal lines ; venter whitish, each segment with two oblique
lines and two intermediate points, black; seta whitish, with
regular fuscous spots alternating.

Length of the body $ from two-fifths to half an inch.

Closely allied to the femoratus, nobis,* but may be distinguished

* Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. 2, p. 162.—Ante. p. 171.

204 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

[305] from that species at once, by the nervures of the wings
being altogether destitute of colored margins.

3. B. Anpa.—White; vertex and anterior feet above dusky.

Inhabits Winnepeek river.

Thorax slightly tinged with pale yellowish-brown; anterior
feet short, rather robust; nervures upon and near the costal
margin dusky.

Length of the body 2 about half an inch.

This insect appears in immense numbers. They rise upon the
wing in the evening, and their short existence in the perfect
state appears to be terminated before sunrise. For a more parti-
cular account of this species, see the Narrative.

ASCALAPHUS Fabr.

A. 4-MACULATUS.—Wings with a white costal spot ; antennz
as long as the body; tergum varied with black and testaceous :
eyes with a suture.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Head and stethidium covered by long cinereous hair, the latter
part blackish, varied with pale testaceous ; labrum honey-yellow;
antenne as long as the body, dull yellowish-brown; incisures
blackish, clavum oval, compressed, blackish with pale incisures ;
eyes large, prominent, in the middle divided by an impressed line;
wings hyaline with a milk-white reflexion, an opake snow-white
spot near the tip of the costal margin, nervures black; tergum
testaceous, segments with a dorsal line and oblong spot each side,
black, terminal segments nearly all black; sides black, varied
with testaceous.

Length to tip of wings one inch and a half.

[806] Like the cayennensis Fabr. this species has a white spot
on each wing, but the clavum of the antenne is not truncated.
The eyes are each bisected by an impressed line in the middle,
as in the macu/atus Oliv. and all others of this genus. This
species was found by Mr. William W. Wood.

HEMEROBIUS Latr. Lam.

1. H. rrroratus.—Blackish ; thorax with three lines and
lateral margin yellowish ; wings hyaline with black spots.
Inhabits United States.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 205

Body hairy; antennze fuscous, less than half the length of the
body, filiform; orbits above and before, and hypostoma glabrous,
white, the latter with a broad, transverse, brownish line near the
tip; labrum white, with two obsolete, dusky, longitudinal spots;
maxillary palpi black; a large, transverse quadrate, black, gla-
brous spot, surrounding the base of the antenne; thorax, ante-
rior segment five-lines, lines equal; feet whitish, hairy, four
anterior thighs annulate with brown near the tip, their tibia at
tip and annulus near the base, brown; pleura, incisures whitish ;
wings hyaline, with numerous irregular, unequal, black and white
points and spots, which are larger on the inner and outer margin;
nervures and margins alternately spotted with blackish and white;
nervures of the disk with only a single line of connecting ner-
vures which pass across the middle; margin with numerous ner-
vures ; inferior wings without spots, excepting on the margin.

Length to tip of the wings one inch and a quarter.

Rather rare in Pennsylvania. We obtained a specimen in
the North-west Territory, and Mr. Isaiah Lukens informed
me that they are extremely numerous near Lake Erie in June.

[This was described by Fabricius, under the name Semblis
punctata, Ent. Syst., 73. He afterwards described it, Ent. Syst.,
Supp. 202, as Hemerobius nebulosus. It is also Polystechotes sticti-
cus Burm. Handbuch. ii. p. 982. Osmylus validus Walker, Brit.
Mus. Cat. 233, 3, and Hemerobius irroratus, Fitch, 1st report,
p- 92,1. The name must now remain Polystechotes punctatus.—
UBLER. ] [307]

2. H. virratus.—Pale yellowish, with a black vitta on the
pleura ; abdomen fuscous; wings spotted with black.

Inhabits Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

Head with a transverse, quadrate, dusky spot between the
eyes ; antenne somewhat longer than the head and thorax, yel-
lowish-rufous, blackish at tip and base; eyes prominent, black ;
thorax greenish-white, dusky between the wings, first segment a
little narrowed before; wings hyaline, with black spots ; costal
nervyures articulate with black and white; a small white spot
near the costal tip of each wing; inferior wings with fewer spots
than the superior ones, but behind the costal middle is a large
orbicular spot, and a smaller irregular one near the tip; meta-
thorax blackish above; pleura with a broad blackish vitta, ex-

206 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

tending from near the head to the abdomen; feet blackish, thighs
at base, an annulus near the tip of the posterior ones, and pos-
terior tibia towards the tip, pale; abdomen blackish, with an ob-
solete, pale, small spot on some of the segments of the tergum.
Length to tip of the wings one and two-fifths of an inch.
This fine insect is in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum ;
and was found by Mr. Titian Peale.

CHAULIODES Latr.

(. seRRICORNIS.—Brownish-black, wings spotted with white.

Inhabits United States.

Head somewhat wider than the thorax, dusky testaceous at
base, diameters nearly equal; antenne deeply serrated, black ;
wings blackish; superior wings with a white band across the
middle not attaining the inner margin and widest on the costal
margin, a white spot on the costal [308] margin near the tip, and
numerous, small, white dots on the disk near the tip; inferior
wings with a narrow band across the middle not attaining the
inner margin and near the tip larger spots, white.

Length to tip of the wings from one inch and a quarter to one
inch and a half.

A fine insect, which appears to inhabit almost every part of the
United States, though I have not met with many specimens any
where. Myr. Nuttall brought me an individual from Arkansa;
Dr. Bigsby took a specimen as far north as the Lake of the Woods,
and I have found one in Pennsylvania, another in Missouri, and
a third on Red river of Lake Winnepeek.

[A synonym of this species is Neuromus maculatus Rambur,
Neur. pl. 10, fig. 2—UnLEr. ]

PHRYGANEA Linn. Latr.

1. P. suprascraTa. [Ante, p. 97.] _

2. P. RADIATA.—Pale yellowish-brown ; wings with a fuscous
circle, from which proceed four radii. [309]

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne fuscous ; vertex and neck hairy ; thorax on each side
before the wings, and two dorsal series, hairy; superior wings
nearly hyaline; beyond the middle a large fuscous circle from
which a dilated line proceeds to the tip, another to the inferior

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 207

angle, a third to the carpal spot, and a fourth towards the base,
interrupted in its middle; dorsal margin, particularly towards
the base, fuscous; surface with scattered hairs, those of the ner-
vures more distinct and blackish ; tibia and tarsi with black setee.

Length to tip of wings seven-tenths of an inch.

3. P. sertcEA.—Blackish, sericeous; wings varied with fus-
cous and sericeous.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head with a cinereous gloss, and a few long hairs; antennz
brown, incisures margined with yellowish ; basal joint color of
the head ; thorax with a cinereous gloss in a particular light ;
superior wings varied with pruinose and fuscous ; a transverse,
quadrate, blackish spot on the middle of the inner margin ; hairs
numerous, minute, those of the nervures larger and black ; in-
ferior wings immaculate; posterior pairs of feet pale ochreous,
sericeous, with black sete.

Length to tip of wings more than two-fifths of an inch.

MANTISPA Illig. Latr.
M. BRUNNEA. [Ante, p. 54.]

ORDER HYMENOPTERA. [310]

XYELA Dalman.

X. FERRUGINEA.—Ferruginous ; thoracic spots and base of
the abdomen blackish.

Inhabits Arkansa.

Antennz fuscous, basal joint ferruginous above the antennx
[311] and extending between the eyes is a transverse black spot ;
thorax each side above the base of the superior wings with a
longitudinal blackish spot, connected behind with a transverse,
almost indefinite one ; metathorax blackish behind ; wings hya-
line, slightly tinged with yellowish, nervures brown; tergum,
three basal segments black, remaining segments obsoletely blackish
on their posterior margins ; posterior pairs of the tibiz six-spined,
one on the middle, one beyond the middle, and the other at tip.

Length to tip of oviduct seven-twentieths of an inch.

This interesting insect was presented to me by Mr. Thomas
Nuttall, who obtained it during his expedition to Arkansa. The
forms of some of the wing cellules differ a little from those of

,

208 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

the type of this genus. The first radial cellule receives the first
recurrent nervure and is nearly square, slightly oblong, and
nearly two-thirds the size of the second cellule, which receives
no recurrent nervure and is somewhat smaller than the third
cellule. The latter receives two recurrent nervures. The cu-
bital cellules are subequal, bounded beneath by an almost recti-
linear line, the third nearly attains the tip of the wing, leaving
the fourth cellule very small. The maxillary palpi also are
much shorter than those of the Swedish species. This disposi-
tion of the nervures will authorize the formation of a distinct
section in the genus.

XIPHYDRIA Latr.

1. X. ABDOMINALIS.—Black ; abdomen rufous.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Head confluently punctured ; antennze short ; vertex with two
distant, longitudinal, yellow spots, and another [312] transverse
one on each cheek above; thorax confluently punctured, margined,
and with three longitudinal impressed lines distant before ; wings
fuliginous ; abdomen bright rufous; first segment above blackish ;
feet piceous black.

Length more than half an inch.

The abdominal color of this species distinguishes it at once
from any other. In dromedarius the middle segments of the
tergum are rufous, but the terminal and three basal segments are
black, and there is a series of whitish lateral spots.

2. X. TrBrALIs.—Black; four lateral spots of the abdomen,
first tarsal joint and base of the tibia white.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Stethidium rough with confluent punctures, immaculate ;
wings hyaline, nervures dark fuscous; feet black ; tibia white,
fuscous at tip ; tarsi, first joint white ; abdomen black, three mid-
dle segments and the penultimate segment, each with a white
spot on each side.

Length more than two-fifths of an inch.

This species resembles the camelus Fabr., and Urocerus annu-
latus Jur., but is less than half the size of either, and the former,
according to authors, has ferruginous feet and a smooth thorax;
the latter has a lateral white spot on each of the abdominal seg-
ments excepting the penultimate one.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 209

TARPA Fabr., Le Pelletier.

T. scrreta.—Black, with white lines and spots ; abdomen ru-
fous.

Inhabits North-west Territory and Arkansa.

Hypostoma on its anterior margin, mandibles and palpi whitish ;
line upon the orbits extending from near the antenne [313] to
the occiput and together with an insulated spot each side on the
vertex when viewed from behind presenting the form of the
figure 8, white ; a white slightly oblique spot above the base of
each antenna; inferior orbits white: thorax with an abbreviated,
transverse, angulated line before, slightly interrupted in the
middle, a line before each wing and three small spots on the
middle placed triangularly, white; wings hyaline, nervures fus-
cous; feet yellowish-white; abdomen rufous, first segment, and
sometimes the tip, black. ,

Length from more than three-tenths to two-fifths of an inch.

CEPHUS Latr.

1. C. TRIMACULATUS.—Black ; abdomen with a yellowish-
white spot each side at the middle.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Orbits before, two longitudinal spots on the hypostoma, and
base of the mandibles yellowish-white ; wings brown-black ; me-
tathorax with a pale greenish, membranaceous, triangular spot
behind ; abdomen on the middle with a transverse oval pale yel-
lowish spot each side.

Length % nearly one-half, Q nearly three-fourths of an inch.

Var. a. head immaculate. .

Var. 8. a very small indistinct spot on each side beyond the
middle. .

In the collection of Mr. William W. Wood, the great differ-
ence in point of size between the sexes of this insect, might
readily lead to error with respect to their specific identity.

2. CO. ABBREVIATUS.—Black; abdomen rufous at base. [314]

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

9 Body black, polished ; labrum white, with a dilated, longi-
tudinal, fuscous line; thorax with an oblique, white, abbreviated
line at the base of the superior wings ; scutel with a transverse

14

210 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

white line; metathorax with a longitudinal white triangle ; wings
hyaline, nervures fuscous; the small nervure which divides the
first marginal cellule from the first submarginal cellule is abbre-
viated and does not reach the margin; feet pale rufous, tibic
with a white abbreviated line on the exterior side near the knees;
posterior tibiae and tarsi black; abdomen compressed, acutely
edged above beyond the middle; first and second segments ru-
fous.

Length seyen-twentieths of an inch.

This may be readily distinguished from the preceding species
as well by its inferior size and color, as by the remarkable ab-
breviation of the dividing nervure of the first marginal and sub-
marginal cellules.

HYLOTOMA Latvr.

H. puncraRiIA.— @ Pale rufous; head, wings and feet viola-
ceous-black.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne black, with a slight violaceous tinge; pectus with a
large, well defined black spot, tinged with violaceous ; feet hardly
tinged with violaceous ; abdomen yellow ; tail black.

Length to tip of the wings nine-twentieths of an inch.

This species was found by Dr. Bigsby, to whom I am indebted
for the specimen. It seems to be allied to the pectoralis Leach,
of which, however, the wings are “ luteo-hyalinae.”

LOPHYRUS Latr., Leach. [315]

L. ABDOMINALIS.— 9 Antenne 18-jointed, pale-yellowish ;
thorax with black spots.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head reddish-yellow ; a large, transverse, black spot above the
antenne descending on each side between the antenne and the
eyes to the sides of the mouth, and ascending by two distant
narrow lines over the vertex to the occiput; mandibles piceous
at tip; thorax with large black spots, occupying the greater por-
tion of the surface; scutel pale yellow; wings hyaline, nervures
and stigmata fuscous; thighs dusky at base; tergum yellow,
tinged with rufous, whitish on the lateral margin; segménts pice-
ous on their posterior edges.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. oT1

This species seems to be allied to LD. americanus Leach, but
that insect is stated to have nineteen joints to the antenne.

NEMATUS Jur.

N. VENTRALIS.—Black ; venter and feet pale.

Inhabits United States.

*, Hypostoma, palpi and mandibles at base, whitish; orbits
above and behind piceous; thorax dilated, triangular line before
the wing, and wing scale whitish; wings slightly dusky, ner-
vures fuscous; feet honey-yellow, posterior tarsi black-brown ;
tergum black, segments each with a yellow band of which the
four terminal ones are interrupted in the middle; venter pale
honey-yellow.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

Orbits all round whitish; white line or spot before [316]
the wings with about three obsolete black spots before ; feet white,
thighs black in the middle, posterior tarsi blackish; tergum
lack, the bands obsolete ; venter white and segments blackish.

Length three-tenths of an inch.
Belongs to Nematus Leach, and to Nematus}+t} Le Pelletier.

TENTHREDO Latr.

1. T. BASILARIS.—Black, hypostoma and basal joint of the
antenne yellow; tergum bifasciate.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

9 Body polished ; hypostoma emarginate in a curved line, and
with the labrum and mandibles yellow, the latter piceous at tip ;
gena with a yellow line abbreviated above; tongue and palpi
pale yellow; thorax with a yellow line before the wings; scutel
yellow ; metathorax with two small yellow spots; wings tinged
with ferruginous ; pleura with an oblique, dilated line above the
intermediate feet, and a rhomboidal spot above the posterior feet,
yellow; anterior feet greenish-white ; intermediate feet pale yel-
lowish, a black spot on the thighs near the tip behind ; posterior
feet pale yellowish, thighs and tibize annulate with black at tip;
tergum, first segment white on the posterior margin, fifth seg-
ment rufous, penultimate segment with a yellow subtriangular
spot on each side, ultimate segment at base, and tail, pale yellow;
venter, fifth segment, rufous.

Length of the body two-fifths of an inch.

212. LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

*% Cheeks entirely yellow; a yellow spot on the pleura above
the anterior feet, connected with the thoracic line; tergum yel-
lowish-rufous, dusky at tip and black at base; venter yellowish-
white, dusky at tip. [317]

This species resembles the b¢fasciatus nob.,* of which the
only specimen I have seen is a female. On comparing the two
species, it will be observed that the above described insect is
larger, and of a somewhat more slender form; the surface of the
head and thorax is much more smooth; the rufous band instead
of being on the fourth segment, as in that species, is on the
fifth, &e.

2. T. VERTICALIS.—? Head pale yellow; vertex and antenne
black ; tergum yellowish, spotted with black, tip black.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Mandibles piceous at tip, antennze rather long; vertex with a
somewhat 'lobated, large black spot, extending by a process down
between the antenne, and connected with another large spot on
the occiput; neck, a black line each side; thorax black, about
four oblique, short lines in the centre, and dilated line before
each wing, yellow; wings hyaline, stigmata and nervures fuscous,
costal edge dull yellowish; scutel yellow; metathorax black, a
triangle at base, two dots and behind, yellow; pleura black, a
yellow spot near the anterior wings and another over the posterior
feet; feet yellow, slightly varied with pale testaceous ; posterior
thighs black on the terminal half, their tibiz black at tip ; tergum
yellow, with a testaceous tinge, second, third, and fourth segments
two-spotted on each; those of the anterior one nearly confluent ;
fifth immaculate, terminal ones black; venter pale yellowish,
black at tip.

Length of the body three-twentieths of an inch.

3. T. RuFIPES.—9 Black ; mouth yellow; feet rufous.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne moderate; hypostoma emarginate with a regularly
[318] curved line, yellow; labrum nearly orbicular, and with the
mandibles pale yellow, the latter piceous at tip ; stethidium and ab-
domen black, immaculate ; wings with fuscous nervures, stigmata

* Western Quarterly Reporter, vol. 2, p. 72.—[Ante, p. 162.]

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 213

and costal edge; feet pale rufous; posterior tarsi and their tibie
at tip blackish.
Length of the body half an inch.

4, T. TERMINALIS.—Antennz white at tip; abdomen testa-
ceous.

Inhabits United States.

@ Body black; head testaceous ; venter with a blackish longi-
tudinal vitta; antenne black, four last joints white; stethidium
black ; thorax with a piceous triangle before, and a large yellow
spot behind; thorax with two small yellow spots; wings tinged
with fuliginous; nervures fuscous ; carpal spot whitish on the basal
half; pleura with a large testaceous spot beneath the superior
wings; feet testaceous, coxe black, tip of the posterior coxe
white ; abdomen entirely testaceous.

% Tip of the antenne pale yellowish; superior orbits with a
white sagittate spot; occiput each side with a white spot; instead
of the piceous triangle of the thorax isa white V-like spot; pleura
testaceous; pectus testaceous, disk and posterior coxe at base
black.

Length sevyen-twentieths of an inch.

The white terminal joints of the antennz of this species are
very distinct and striking.

5. T. preamM#A.—Black ; thorax rufous before; feet white.

Inhabits United States.

*% 9 Body polished; hypostoma obscure whitish ; thorax, an-
terior segment rufous, collar dusky; wings dusky; feet white ;
thighs blackish in the middle behind; posterior tibize and tarsi
black.

Length % one fifth of an inch, 2 rather more.

DOLERUS Jur. [319]

1. D. tyornatus.—Body black, polished; feet white; tarsi
dusky.

Inhabits United States.

? Labrum and palpi whitish; thorax with a line before the
wings and wing-scale, white; scutel with a small bullate white
spot on each side; wings a little dusky; nervures blackish-fus-
cous ; pleura with an abbreviated white line over the intermediate
feet; coxe color of the feet.

214 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

Length one-fourth of an inch.
This species belongs to Dolerus ++ of Le Pelletier, Emphytus
Leach.

2. D. ARvENsIs.—Blackish-violaceous ; thorax rufous, a spot
before and triangular spot behind, black.

Inhabits United States.

@ Antenne black; palpi and mandibles black; head black
with a violaceous tinge; thorax with a longitudinal spot from the
collar to the middle, a small spot over the wing, posterior margin
connected with\a spot, black; metathorax black; wings dusky ;
pleura and pectus black, tinged with violaceous, the former rufous
at the humerus, this color being connected with that of the thorax ;
feet black ; abdomen dark-violaceous.

Length more than seven-twentieths of an Inch.

Var. a. Black spot above the wing enlarged and reaching the
dorsal spot.

This species belongs to Hylotoma Fabr., Dosythaeus Leach,
and Dolerus ++ Le Pelletier. It is found in the North-west
Territory, Pennsylvania, and Arkansa. This species is closely
allied to Tenthredo thoracina Beauy., but it does not fully agree
with his figure, and his description is too unessential to be
useful. [320]

3. D. seR1cEUS.—Entirely black, immaculate.

Inhabits United States.

% ? Body, particularly the venter and feet, sericeous; with
short hairs; wings dusky; tergum glabrous, polished.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

Belongs to the same division with the preceding species.

It is found as far south and west as Arkansa. It resembles
Tenthredo unicolor Beauy., but is somewhat larger, the three last
joints of the antenne are differently formed, and the wings are
dusky.

EVANIA Fabr.

E. untcoLor.—Entirely black, immaculate, slightly sericeous.

Inhabits United States.

Antenne as long as the body; palpi piceous; thorax with very
few, small punctures; metathorax densely punctured; wings
hyaline, neryures fuscous; a distinct nervure passes from the

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 215

dividing nervure of the cubital and discoidal cellules to the pos-
terior margin of the wing; abdomen much compressed, impune-
tured, polished, oval, rather longer than the petiole; posterior
feet elongated.

Length more than three-tenths of an inch.

The proportions of the petiole, abdomen, and posterior feet of
this insect are nearly the same with those of appendigaster Fabr.,
I obtained a specimen near the Rocky Mountains, and it is also
found in Pennsylvania. The additional nervure is sometimes
connected with the radial cellule by a faint, transverse neryure,
so as to form a second cubital cellule.

FOENUS Fabr. [321]

F. TARsATORIUS.—Black ; feet pale rufous; posterior tibia
blackish, at base white.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Antenne black-testaceous beneath towards the tip ; mandibles
testaceous, at tip black ; hypostoma each side silvery ; stethidium
immaculate, confluently punctured; wings hyaline, nervures fus-
cous ; anterior and intermediate feet pale rufous, the tibie with a
whitish line, the base of the tarsi white ; posterior feet piceous,
tibize blackish, clavate, a white band near the base, which is much
dilated before ; tarsi white at base, the first joint with a black
origin; abdomen blackish, with about three dull testaceous spots
on each side; oviduct pale testaceous; valves blackish, at tip
whitish.

Length of the body eleven-twentieths of an inch,

SIGALPHUS Latr.

1. 8. sertcEuS.— ? Black ; tergum sericeous ; tibia ochreous at
base.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head with dilated, transversely confluent punctures ; nasus
minutely punctured ; thorax with much dilated, irregularly con-
fluent punctures ; scutel polished, almost impunctured on the disk,
lateral margin grooved; wings slightly fuliginous, nervures fus-
cous, those of the base very pale brownish ; metathorax with very
large, somewhat discoidal punctures ; tergum without obvious in-
cisures, black, covered with short, dense, cinereous, sericeous hair ;
obtuse at tip ; venter excavated ; anterior pairs of feet black, [822]

216 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

sericeous, with ochreous tibize and tips of the thighs ; posterior pair
black, sericeous, tibize ochreous at base.

Length one-fourth to nearly three-tenths of an inch.

Very like the sulcatus Jurine, but is much larger ; it differs
from Jchneumon oculator Fabr., by being immaculate, and from
Cryptus wrrorator Fabr., by the oval form of its abdomen.

2. S. BASILARIS.—Black ; base of the antenne and feet pale
yellowish.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Head punctured ; antennee, first and second joints pale yellow-
ish; mandibles yellowish; palpi white; thorax punctured; scu-
tel, metathorax, and tergum at base longitudinally wrinkled ;
wings hyaline, pale yellowish at base; nervures fuscous; feet
pale yellowish, tips of the tarsi dusky.

Length nearly one-fifth of an inch.

This species is in the collection of Mr. William W. Wood. It
is much smaller than the preceding species and readily distin-
guished by the color of the basal joints of the antennee and of the
feet.

BRACON Jur.

1. B. TrBrATor.—Black ; wings fuscous at tip.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

? Wings hyaline, nervures robust, fuscous; tip including the
extremity of the second submarginal cellule, fuscous ; feet, ante-
rior pair of tibize and tarsi yellowish-white; intermediate tarsi
whitish ; posterior pairs of tibize white at base.

Length of the body one-fifth of an inch. ; [323]
2. B. poputator.—Black ; abdomen red; wings dark fuli-
ginous.

Inhabits United States.

*% 9 Metathorax rough, with confluent punctures ; abdomen en-
tirely reddish-fulyous ; oviduct black, longer than the abdomen.

Length of the body two-fifths of an inch.

A very common insect in many parts of the United States.
The head and stethidium are sometimes dark piceous with the
anterior portion of the thorax black. It resembles B. initiator
Fabr.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 217

3. B. rigator.—Black, abdomen and feet rufous, antenne with
a white annulus.
Inhabits Pennsylvania.

9 Vertex and occiput impunctured ; annulus of the antenne
placed beyond the middle; palpi piceous; stethidium with con-
fluent punctures ; thorax with two dilated, abbreviated longitu-
dinal, dull rufous lines; scutel with a dilated, longitudinal, dull
rufous line; wings hyaline, nervures fuscous; metathorax dull
rufous ; feet rufous, tarsi blackish at tip; posterior thighs with
a strong tooth beneath near the tip; posterior tibise fuscous ;
posterior tarsi whitish ; tergum punctured, glabrous at tip; ovi-
duct blackish.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

4. B. stiamator.—Dark yellowish-rufous; metathorax and
segment of the tergum black.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne as long as the body, dusky towards the tip; vertex
between the stemmata black ; occiput all round the neck, black-
ish ; metathorax above and on the sides black; pleura with a
blackish, dilated, longitudinal line ; pectus with a blackish, dilated
line before the anterior feet, [324 ] reaching near the head ; wings
hyaline; nervures fuscous; stigmata rather large, triangular,
fuscous, dull white at the anterior and posterior tips, and also on
the costal edge ; tergum paler, disk of the first segment blackish.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

This insect is one of the many species that deposit their eggs
in great nwnbers in the larva of Lepidopterus insects. In a dead
and dried larva, which I found adhering to a tree, were the fol-
licles of forty or fifty individuals of this species. It varies some-
what in the quantity of the black coloring with which it is marked.
In some specimens this extends not only along the pectus, but is
continued in a capillary line along the edge of the thorax, the
metathorax also is entirely black, the tergum is blackish at tip
and on the sides, the pectus has a black spot in the middle, and
the hypostoma has a transverse, blackish spot.

218 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

STEPHANUS Jur.

S. ruripes.—Black ; abdomen sessile; thorax not remarkably
attenuated before.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body somewhat sericeous ; palpi pale yellowish ; scutel with a
groove on each side, rough; metathorax rough, and with two
slightly elevated, longitudinal, distant lines ; wings hyaline; a
large, triangular, fuscous, carpal spot; feet rufous; posterior
pair of tarsi dusky; abdomen a little rough at base; oviduct as
long as the abdomen.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

Although the arrangement of the wing nervures agrees pre-
cisely with S. coronatus Jur., yet the form of the body differs
materially, the thorax not exhibiting the remarkable [325] atten-
uation before, and the abdominal petiole is not visible.

ACAENITUS Laitvr.
(ANOMALON Jur.)

A. STIGMAPTERUS.—@ Black; incisures of the feet white.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Thorax densely punctured; two dilated grooves confluent
behind ; scutel united to the thorax by a carinated line each side ;
wings tinged with fuliginous ; nervures blackish ; stigma termi-
nated before by asmall white spot; metathorax with large con-
fluent punctures; terminated on each side behind by a short
conic process; pleura and pectus polished ; tibiee at base, first
joint of the tarsi at base, and near the tip of the tarsf, white.

Length more than one inch.

Well distinguished by the white points on the wings, and the
white annulations of the feet. The head in my specimen is defi-
cient.

IBALIA Latr.

I. Anceps.— Dull ferruginous; wings blackish; abdomen
piceous.

Inhabits Arkansa and St. Peter’s rivers.

Head with a black curved line at base of the antenne ; collar
abruptly elevated at anterior edge, and slightly emarginate in the

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 219

middle; near the neck black ; thorax transversely wrinkled, and
with three longitudinal impressed distant lines, of which the in-
termediate one is black, and the lateral ones black on the exte-
rior side; scutel scabrous, abruptly elevated at tip, and emar-
ginated ; [326] metathorax scabrous, black on the disk ; wings
fuliginous-black ; pleura and pectus blackish, the former with an
obsolete, longitudinal line beneath the wings; thighs piceous in
the middle; posterior pair black in the middle; abdomen-com-
pressed almost to flatness, piceous-black, margins of the segments
paler; elongate-oval ; rounded, but sharp-edged at tip; tergum
and yenter also with sharp edges.

Length nearly seven-tenths of an inch.

This species is not of very common occurence. It is very
closely allied to Banchus cultellator Fabr.

CHALCIS Fabr. Latr.

1. C. MicroGASTER.—Slender, black ; anterior pairs of feet
and posterior tarsi, yellowish; peduncle as long as the abdo-
men.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Stethidium with dilated, dense punctures; metathorax with
an angulated line above the insertion of the abdomen; wings
hyaline, costal nervure fuscous; posterior feet black ; tarsi yel-
lowish ; first joint of the cox with a small acute tooth above
near the tip; thighs as large as the abdomen, with numerous,
small, regular teeth on the posterior edge; tibix, terminal spine
longer than the first joint of the tarsi; abdomen polished, a little
compressed, triangular, the superior angle rounded.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

2. C. ovata.—Robust, black; feet yellow, thighs black at
base, head with a golden reflection.

Inhabits Ohio and Pennsylvania.

Head black, with golden sericeous hair, which is indistinct on
the vertex; antennz testaceous beneath towards the tip ; stethi-
dium with dilated, dense punctures, alittle [327] sericeous with
golden hair; scale covering the base of the wings yellow; wings
hyaline ; nervures fuscous, at base pale yellowish ; feet bright yel-
low; basal half of the anterior pairs of thighs black; posterior
thighs smaller than the abdomen, black, with a yellow spot on

220 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

the tip above, dentated on the posterior edge; posterior tibie
piceous on its basal incisure; terminal spine robust, shorter than
the first tarsal joint; first joint of the posterior coxe with a
robust tooth above near the tip; abdomen - subovate, polished ;
first segment nearly glabrous, second segment hairy on each side,
remaining segments hairy near their tips.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

LEUCOSPIS Fabr.

L. Arrinis.—Abdomen sessile ; oviduct as long as the abdo-
men; black, varied with yellow; collar each side and behind
margined with yellow, and with an abbreviated, transverse, yel-
low line on the anterior submargin.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

% Body densely punctured; antenne, basal joint yellow;
collar margined each side and behind with yellow, the yellow
abbreviated line on the anterior submargin is about half the
width of the collar ; thorax, incisure at the base of the wing dull
yellow ; scutel with a transverse yellow line; wings brownish ;
pleura, a yellow line over the insertion of the posterior feet ; feet
yellowish, thighs dusky or black at base; posterior thighs black,
with a yellow spot at base and another at tip on the exterior side ;
posterior coxe testaceous at tip; tergum with three nearly equal
bands, and an oval, longitudinal spot near the tip, yellow; venter
with a yellow spot each side, opposite to the termination of the
third band of the tergum. [ 328 |

@ Resembles the male, but the bands of the tergum
are more dilated than those of the male, and the first is inter-
rupted by the groove of the oviduct; the second band is reduced
to a small lateral spot; the yellow spot at tip is divided by the
groove of the oviduct ; the venter is immaculate, and posterior
thighs are piceous on the inner side.

Length rather more than three-tenths of an inch.

This species is very closely allied to the dorsigera and gigas,
but more particularly to the former; it is much smaller than the
gigas, and differs from both in many respects, and more obviously
in the circumstance of the anterior margin of the collar being
black, with an abbreviated yellow line on the submargin.

I observed this species running actively over the surface of a

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 221

rafter in a barn, very busily feeling with its antennze for a proper
situation to deposit its eggs. Having found a suitable place, the
insect, after some exertion, suddenly disengaged its oviduct from
the groove and valves, and gradually thrust the instrument into
the wood, nearly to the base; then having for a short time re-
mained at rest, probably in order to protrude the egg, the oviduct
was withdrawn, adjusted in its dorsal groove; and the insect pro-
ceeded again as before, in search of another spot suitable for its
purpose. I could not ascertain the kind of larvae, within the
wood, that received these eges.

PSILUS Jur.

P. BREVICORNIS.—Black, polished, immaculate; tibiae and
tarsi piceous.

Inhabits St. Peter’s river.

Antenne short, first joint much elongated, second joint longer
than the remaining ones, which are subcylindric-quadrate; [329]
mandibles pale testaceous ; thorax convex, rounded, two faint im-
pressed lines each side behind converging to the scutel, and on
the posterior margin two indistinct dull whitish spots; scutel
elevated, convex; feet dark piceous; thighs nearly black; wings,
costal nervure indistinct; abdomen depressed fusiform, acute at
tip.

Length more than one-twentieth of an inch.

BETHYLUS Latr.

B. RuFrpes.—Black; antenne and feet rufous.

Inhabits North-West Territory.

Body slender, polished, black; mouth rufous; thorax pune-
tured; wing joint ochreous; abdomen, incisures and terminal
segment obscurely piceous.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

This insect is also an inhabitant of Missouri.

PROCTOTRUPES Latr.

P. cAupATUS.—Pale testaceous; oviduct as long as the ab-
domen. ;

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head with a blackish, transverse line between the antenne;

222 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

thorax and scutel impunctured; wings hyaline, with a very slight
ochreous tinge, stigmata very distinct, and with the costal ner-
vures fuscous, the other nervures light brownish, the process of
the radial nervure continued transversely to the middle of the
disk of the wing, is not only extended from that point to the ex-
tremity of the wing, but also towards the base of the wing, ter-
minating in this direction at the first transverse nervure. [330]

Length of the body nearly two-fifths of an inch.

This species was also found in Missouri.

HEDYCHRUM Latr.

1. H. VENTRALE. Green polished; tergum tinged with blue ;
antenne blackish at tip; venter bronze.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Antenne, excepting the first joint, blackish-brown; front im-
pressed ; stethidium with dilated punctures; thorax in the mid-
dle between the wings, with a purplish shade; wings dusky,
nervures fuscous ; tarsi,excepting the basal joint, dark brownish ;
tergum passing to bluish-purple towards the tip; tip very ob-
tusely rounded, terminal segment longer than the preceding one ;
venter entirely dull bronzed.

Length more than one-fourth of an inch.

2. H. pIMIDIATUM.—Green polished; posterior half of the
venter bronze.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Antenne, excepting the basal joint, and palpi, brownish-black ;
front somewhat impressed; vertex between the stemmata dark
purplish ; stethidium with dilated punctures thorax longitudi-
nally on the disk dark purplish ; wings dusky, nervures fuscous;
tarsi dark brownish ; tergum longitudinally in the middle slightly
tinged with bluish, ultimate segment less than half the length of
the preceding one ; venter green, posterior half coppery.

Length nearly three-tenths of an inch.

From the collection of Mr. William Wood.

MYRMOSA Latr. [331]

M. unIcoLoR.—Black ; abdomen with cinereous hair; meta-
thorax with an impressed line.
Inhabits North-west Territory.

LONG@’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 223

Head with short cinereous hair, somewhat longer about the
mouth ; densely punctured; thorax and scutel densely punctured,
and with scattered, cinereous short hair; posterior segment of the
former, with two light parallel impressed lines; wings hyaline,
nervures fuscous; metathorax with a longitudinal, impressed,
very distinct line; and a transverse one at base; hair more ob-
vious each side; punctures smaller than those of the thorax ; ab-
domen more hairy than any other part of the body.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

This insect alfo occurred on the Missouri, at Engineer Can-
tonment, and in Pennsylvania.

TIPHIA Fabr.

1. T. rvornaTA.—Black, immaculate; wings yellowish fuli-
ginous.

Inhabits Ohio and Pennsylvania.

Head punctured; antennz piceous, paler towards the tip;
mandibles piceous, blackish at tip; thorax punctured, wing-scale
and posterior margin of the first segment impunctured, edge of
the latter piceous ; metathorax with three longitudinal, slightly
elevated lines ; posterior edge also slightly elevated into an acute
line ; feet hairy, tibize and tarsi more or legs piceous ; abdomen,
particularly behind hairy.

Length three-fifths of an inch. [332]

2. T. INTERRUPTA.—Black, stethidium with yellow spots;
tergum with yellow spots and bands.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Antenne dull black-brown, first joint polished, piceous at tip;
mandibles piceous, black at tip ; thorax with a spot each side be-
fore, three in a line between the origin of the superior wings, yel-
low; scutel with a yellow, transverse line; wings hyaline, costal
margin fuliginous ; metathorax at the tip each side with a double
longitudinal, yellow spot; pleura with a vertical, yellow, oblong
spot beneath the origin of the superior wing; tarsi pale piccous;
tibiz, anterior pair blackish-piceous, posterior pairs pale piceous;
thighs black; tergum a little iridescent; first segment with a

‘band abruptly and widely narrowed above; second segment with
an oval spot each side; third segment, band gradually narrowed

224 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

in the middle; fourth and fifth segments, bands slightly inter-
rupted; venter immaculate.

Length nine-twentieths of an inch.

In the collection of Mr. William W. Wood.

This species would seem to be allied to the serena, judging by
the description that Fabricius gives of that insect, particularly
as he describes the costal margin of the wings to be fuscous.
That insect, however, is stated to be only a little smaller than
the namea of the same author, a size which at once puts that
species out of the question.

POMPILUS Fabr. Latr.

1. P. FASCIPENNIS.—Black ; wings hyaline, with a fuscous
band near the tip; abdomen rufous at base.

Inhabits United States. ;

¢@ Hypostoma and inferior portion of the front, with [333]
numerous silvery hairs; wings with fuscous nervures; a fuscous
band including nearly all the radial cellule, and not reaching the
posterior angle; tip slightly margined with fuscous; posterior
thighs and tibize at base rufous ; abdomon sessile, first and second
segments rufous.

Length about three-tenths of an inch.

2. P. MARGINATUS.—Black; wings dusky, with a broad,
darker posterior margin; abdomen sessile, first and second seg-
ments rufous.

Inhabits North-west Territory and Missouri.

© The terminal dark margin of the wings is so broad as to
reach almost to the terminal cubital cellule, and passes round on
the costal margin to the origin of the radial cellule; on the in-
ferior wings is also a broad, terminal, darker margin.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

Very similar to the preceding, but manifestly distinct by the
above characters.

CEROPALES Latr.

1. C. rascrata.—Black; thorax and tergum spotted and
banded with pale-yellowish ; feet ochreous, tarsi pale yellow.

Inhabits United States.

Front, labrum, and orbits yellow, the latter interrupted above ;

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 226

thorax punctured ; anterior margin, a spot each side near the head,
a longitudinal, abbreviated, central line, yellow; scutel with a
spot on the disk, and another transverse one beneath its tip, yel-
low; wings immaculate, nervures blackish ; pectus with a yellow-
ish spot over the intermediate and another over the posterior feet ;
coxe, first joint with a dilated yellow line ; posterior feet elongated ;
tergum [334] polished ; first segment with a rather large yellow
spot on each side, angulated before; second, third, fourth, and
fifth, with each a yellow band, slightly interrupted in the middle,
and at its termination on each side dilated into a spot; sixth
segment dull ochreous ; tail piceous.

Length nearly two-fifths of an inch.

This insect has considerable resemblance to the macularia
Fabr., but the longitudinal thoracie line, séutellar spot, the form
and number of the bands of the tergum, &c., sufficiently dis-
guish it. It is more especially found in Missouri.

2. C. FERRUGINEA.—Ferruginous; wings violet; pleura and
metathorax black.

Inhabits United States.

% Antenne beyond the third joint, gradually shaded into fus-
cous; mandibles, the two teeth black; thorax, middle segment
with a black anterior margin ; posterior segment and scutel, black
on each side; wings decidedly violaceous; posterior coxze at base
black; tergum, first segment at base and tip, and second seg-
ment at tip, black.

Length less than three-fifths of an inch.

3. C. BrpuNcTATA.—Black ; wings dark violaceous ; posterior
thighs bright rufous in the middle; a small yellow dot each side
at the tip of the metathorax.

Inhabits United States.

%, Hypostoma, labrum, anterior orbits, and line on the basal
joint of the antennx before, yellow; mandibles piceous; palpi
pale ; collar yellow on the posterior margin, and with the thorax
and seutel with somewhat distant punctures; wings violaceous;
posterior thighs, excepting at base and tip bright rufous.

Length from one-half to three-fourths of an inch.

Hypostoma and labrum black, the anterior orbits [335]
only yellow; collar destitute of the yellow margin behind.
Smaller than the female.

15

226 LONG’s SECOND EXPEDITION.

This species may readily be distinguished by the two small
bright yellow dots at tip each side of the metathorax, and the
bright color of the posterior thighs. It varies considerably in
size.

BEMBEX Fabr., Panz.

B. mMonoponta.—Black ; tergum with dilated, greenish-yellow
bands.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Front and vertex with cinereous hair; labrum with a greenish,
oblong, margined spot each side; near the base; thorax hardly
hairy, anterior edge terminating in a spot on the pleura; an
oblique, abbreviated line above the origin of the wings, termi-
nating in a comma-formed spot behind, greenish-yellow; meta-
thorax, a transverse, rectilinear line at base, and an arcuated one
at base, slightly interrupted in the middle, greenish-yellow ;
thighs, at tip, tibie and base of the tarsi, pale yellowish ; tips of
the latter dusky ; a dilated black line near the tip of the anterior
tibie ; wings hyaline; tergum with six yellow and green bands,
which occupy more than two-thirds of the surface; first band
bilobate before, yellow, with a broad green posterior margin ;
remaining bands somewhat dentated before; the second and
third bands yellow, with a green central dash; fourth and fifth
bands yellow, their anterior margins green; terminal band en-
tirely yellow; venter entirely black; a single elevation on the
second segment.

Length % half an inch.

Tn the collection of Mr. William W. Wood. [336]

; MONEDULA Latr.

1. M. 4-rascrata.—Black, obscurely iridescent; tergum with
four bands, interrupted and narrowed in the middle.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Antenne with the basal joint beneath yellow ; orbits anteriorly,
hypostoma and labrum, yellow ; the latter margined each side with
piceous, and the hypostoma has a more or less dilated black spot
above; mandibles blackish-piceous; thorax with a capillary line
before; wings hyaline, slightly fuliginous, nervures fuscous ;
metathorax at tip each side compressed and yellow; pleura with
a whitish spot over the anterior feet, and from one to three yel-

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 227

lowish approximate spots above the middle; feet pale yellowish ;
thighs black on the basal two-thirds, those of the anterior feet
black only on the exterior side; tergum with four yellow bands,
dilated on the sides, and gradually narrowing to the middle of
the back, where they are slightly interrupted, the terminal one
widely interrupted ; two terminal segments with large punctures
each side and at base; venter with three small yellow spots each
side near the middle; 4 with an obsolete spot each side on the
two segments beyond the bands, and the anus is three-spined, of
which the lateral ones are curved, and 2 with an obsolete, yellow-
ish line before the wing on each side.

Length % three-fifths, 9 nearly seven-tenths of an inch.

This species is in the collection of Mr. William W. Wood.
The hypostoma of the male specimen is occupied by the black
basal spot, excepting on its anterior margin. The bands of the
abdomen in this species are not at all dentated.

2. M. VENTRALIS.—Black, obscurely iridescent ; tergum [337]
with about five yellow bands, interrupted, but not narrowed in
the middle.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

%, Orbits anteriorly obsoletely tinged with dull yellowish;
antenne, first joint beneath yellow; hypostoma, labrum, and
mandibles black , palpi whitish ; thorax punctured; a line on the
anterior edge, with a spot at tip on the pleura, and a small, longi-
tudinal, oval spot each side above the inferior wings, yellow;
scutel with a transverse yellow line; metathorax at tip each side
compressed and yellow; wings hyaline, very slightly tinged with
fuliginous; nervures fuscous; feet yellowish; thighs black from
the base to near the knee, first pair on the anterior side only the
basal half black; tergum with about five or six yellow bands,
which are rather wider on the back and interrupted by a very
narrow space ; excepting the first band which is slightly undulated,
slightly narrowed on the back, and interrupted by a wider space ;
the ultimate bands narrowed each side and interrupted near a
spot on the lateral margin; terminal segment with large, dense
punctures, as numerous on the disk as upon the sides ; anus three-
spined, of which the lateral ones are curved; venter each side
with a triangular spot at the tip of each of the dorsal bands
excepting the first.

228 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

Length nearly half an inch.
T have not seen the female, the male is in the collection of Mr.
William W. Wood.

ASTATA Latr.

A. un1coLor.—Deep black, immaculate; wings dusky at tip.

Inhabits North-west Territory and Missouri. [338]

© Head with rather long, silvery hair; thorax and scutel with
remote punctures, the former with a very slight appearance of
longitudinal lines before, the latter with a longitudinal impressed
line at tip, metathorax with dense, dilated punctures; wings hya-
line, with a broad, dusky tip, nervures black; tarsi piceous: ab-
domen polished, immaculate.

Length less than half. an inch.

OXYBELUS Latr.

O. 4-noratus.—Black ; tergum with a slight, whitish, abbre-
viated line on each side of the first and second segments.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Antenne towards the tip beneath, stethidium, immaculate ;
wings hyaline, nervures brown; metathorax and scutel each with
three raised lines, two superior spines of the former whitish at
tip, decurved; inferior spine larger, black, tarsi testaceous at
tip ; anterior tibize testaceous on the inner side ; tergum polished ;
lateral abbreviated line of the first segment much more distinct
than that of the second.

Length nearly one-fourth of an inch.

GORYTES Latr.

G. BIPpUNCTATUS.—Black, collar and scutel with a white line ;
tergum with two white spots.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Hypostoma silvery white; basal joint of the antenne before,
exterior base of the mandibles and palpi, white ; line of the collar
capillary of the scutel broader, abbreviated ; [339] wings hyaline,
nervures fuscous; pleura with a small dot before the wing; feet
black ; tibiz sericeous, white on the exterior base; tarsi white ;
tergum, second segment at tip each side with a small white spot.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

This species corresponds in its generic characters precisely with

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 229

Arpactus Jurine, and of course possesses those oblique parallel
lines of the metathorax which Jurine mentions as distinguishing
this genus.

PEMPHREDON Latr. Fabr.

1. P. conconor.—Black, minutely punctured; metathorax
with dilated punctures ; abdomen glabrous.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head with minute pubescence, more distinct on the front ;
mandibles obtusely bifid at tip, immediately above which are two
obtuse teeth; punctures minute, sparse on the vertex ; thorax
with a slightly impressed, longitudinal line, from which proceed
numerous, minute wrinkles, curving outwards and backwards,
punctures larger than those of the head; wings slightly fuligin-
ous, nervures blackish; metathorax with dilated punctures, or
slightly impressed cavities; feet somewhat sericeous; abdomen
polished, impunctured ; petiole moderate.

Length of the body nearly seven-twentieths of an inch.

This is allied to P. unicolor Fabr.

2. P. rwornatus.—Black, immaculate, punctured ; abdomen
impunctured, polished ; petiole nearly one-third the length of the
abdomen.

Inhabits Pennsylvania. >

Wings hyaline, very slightly tinged with dusky, the [340] first
submarginal cellule receives the two recurrent nervures ; nervures
dark fuscoug: stigma rather large.

Length less than three-tenths of an inch.

STIGMUS Jur. Latr.

S. rRATERNUS.—Black, antenne and feet yellowish.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body deep black, polished, not obviously punctured ; mandi-
bles and palpi whitish ; wings hyaline, neryures pale brown,
stigma piceous-black, whitish at base; origin of the wings yel-
lowish ; pleura with a white spot rather before the origin of the
wings; feet immaculate ; venter whitish at tip.

Length rather more than three-twentieths of an inch.

This species is in the collection of Mr. William W. Wood.
It is closely allied to the ater of authors, the petiole of the ab-
domen, however, is proportionally longer.

230 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

CRABRO Fabr. Latr.

1. C. TIBrALIs.—Black, polished ; thoracic line, scutel, knees,
and tibize, yellow; abdomen with piceous incisures.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

@ Head with a slightly impressed frontal line, extending to
the stemmata; antenne, basal joint yellow; hypostoma silvery,
brilliant ; thorax with a transverse, yellow line on the collar, not
extending to the postpectus; scutel yellow; wings hyaline; ner-
vures fuscous, those of the disk pale at base ; metathorax slightly
carinated each side with a longitudinal, impressed line, which is
a little dilated beyond the middle, and a slight transverse line on
the middle; [341] pleura immaculate; tarsi slightly tinged
with testaceous ; posterior pair entirely black; abdomen rather
long, blackish-piceous ; incisures edged behind with pale-piceous,
the second segment above margined behind with pale-piceous.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

A small species in the collection of Mr. William W. Wood.

2. O. scUTELLATUS.—Black, polished; thoracic line, scutel,
knees, and tibiz, yellow; abdomen totally black.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Length 9 one-fifth of an inch.-

This species closely resembles the preceding, but is smaller ;
the abdomen proportionally shorter, and entirely black; the yel-
low line of the collar extends to a yellow spot at the commence-
ment of the pleura; the transverse line of the metathorax is
much more profoundly indented, and a transverse punctured line
is far more obvious than in the preceding; the intermediate and
posterior tibiz have a black spot near the tip.

3. C. 6-MAcULATUS.—Black ; tergum with three yellow spots
on each side.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

¢g Antennz, basal joint yellow; mandibles at base yellow;
hypostoma silvery, brilliant; thorax with a yellow band on the
collar, interrupted in the middle ; two parallel, abbreviated, trans-
verse, equal, yellow lines behind ; wings dusky ; pleura with two,
equal, rounded, yellow spots, one of which is beneath the supe-
rior wing and the other before it ; thighs black, knees yellowish ;
tibie yellow with a black or piceous spot on the inner side ; tarsi

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 231

tinged with rufous ; tergum on the second, fourth and fifth seg-
ments with a transversely oval spot. [342 ]
Length three-tenths of an inch.

4. CU. TRIFASCIATUS.—Black : scutel, two spots on the collar,
base of the antennz and lateral spots of the tergum, yellow.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body with numerous, short hairs; hypostoma silvery; first
joint of the antennz and middle of the mandibles, yellow ; thorax
punctured ; collar with two yellow spots; scutel yellow; meta-
thorax with dilated, confluent punctures, and an impressed longi-
tudinal line; wings fuliginous, nervures brown; pectus with a
yellow spot before the wings; feet yellow, thighs, and a line on
the inner side of the tibie, black; tarsi dusky at tip; tergum
polished, impunctured; a yellow band on the middle of the
second segment interrupted above: a short yellow line each side
of the third segment; a yellow band on the fourth segment,
slightly interrupted above ; a yellow band on the fifth segment,
not interrupted but only slightly emarginate above; venter im-
maculate.

Length two-fifths of an inch nearly. ~

PHILANTHUS Fabr. Latr.

1. P. puneratus.—Black ; head and thorax with yellow spots;
tergum with large punctures and four yellow bands.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

s, Eyes very slightly emarginate ; a longitudinal line each side
of the hypostoma, a triangular spot on the middle of the anterior
margin, another on the front, a small rounded spot on the basal
joint of the antennz before, a small dot each side on the vertex,
and another behind each eye, yellowish-rufous; thorax uneven,
with large profound punctures: a line on the collar, another on
the scutel, before [843] which is a smaller one, and wing-scale,
yellow; wings fuliginous ; pleura with a double yellow spot be-
neath the anterior wing: feet honey-yellow, thighs black at base,
tibie bright yellow before; tergum rough with large profound
punctures; first segment rounded, immaculate; second with a
broad, yellow, slightly arcuated line, touching the anterior edge
and curving towards the posterior angles ; third, fourth and fifth
segments, each with a narrow, dull yellow band on the posterior
margin; venter immaculate.

232 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

Length less than two-fifths of an inch.
2. P. pouitus. [Ante, p. 113.]

CERCERIS Latr.

C. DESERTA.—Black ; hypostoma, feet, and bands of the ter-
gum, yellow. [344]

Inhabits North-west Territory, Missouri, and Pennsylvania.

% Hypostoma entirely yellow; antenne yellow before, dark
brown behind; collar with two transverse yellow spots; scutel
with a transverse line, yellow; wings hyaline, brownish on the
costal margin near the tip ; feet yellow; anterior thighs black on
the posterior middle, intermediate thighs on the posterior base
and posterior thighs at tip, black; tergum, first joint rounded
with a spot each side; second and third segments with each a
band on the posterior margins slightly and widely emarginate
before, remaining segments with each a narrower band on their
posterior margins, yellow; venter, three or four first segments
with each a lateral, triangular, yellow spot.

Length more than two-fifths of an inch.

Var. a, metathorax with a yellow, oblique line each side be-
hind ; first joint of the tergum immaculate.

Var. 8- metathorax and first joint of the tergum immaculate ;
bands of the tergum excepting the first, very narrow, linear ;
ventral spots obsolete ; feet with a larger proportion of the black
color.

Var. 4. a small yellow spot each side before the tip of the
scutellar line.

EUMENES Latr.

1. E. rrarerna.—Black ; hypostoma, anterior thoracic mar-
gin, scutellar line, posterior submargins of the segments of the
tergum, and two spots on the second segment, yellow.

Inhabits United States.

Body polished, punctured; hypostoma emarginate, and with a
line between the antenne, pale yellow; antenne, [845] basal
joint with a whitish line before; thorax with the anterior mar-
gin somewhat contracted in the middle, yellow; scutel yellow;
wings fuliginous ; thighs black, yellowish at the knee joint; tibiz
whitish, a black line near the tip; tarsi pale yellowish, dusky
towards the tip; tergum, first segment with a subbidentate yel-

LONG’sS SECOND EXPEDITION. 233

low band on the posterior margin ; second segment with a yellow
band on the posterior submargin somewhat sinuated before, and
an oval, oblique, yellow spot on the middle of each side; third and
fourth segments with each an abbreviated, whitish, submarginal line
behind ; venter with a spot at tip of the first segment, and a sub-
marginal band on the second behind.

Length from nine-twentieths to more than three-fifths of an
inch.

Var. a. Spot on the second segment of the tergum elliptical.

Var. 3. A pale yellowish spot on each side of the scutel, and
nearly in a line with it.

This species is very closely allied to the coarctata Fabr. of
Europe, but the whole of the hypostoma is yellow, the line be-
tween the antennz being only a process from it; there is no yel-
low point beneath the wings; none on the first segment of the
tergum; and the bands on the third and fourth segments are
always much abbreviated, never extending to the sides or upon
the venter.

Like the coarctata, this species constructs for each of its eggs
a hollow globe of earth, with a short ascending neck, the rim of
which is sometimes widely outspread horizontally ; it is often
built around a twig of a bush for support, as represented by
Degeer, (Hist. abrégée des Insectes, vol. 2, pl. 16, fig. e.) some-
times the nest occurs simply attached to the superior page of a
leaf. The egg deposited in this globe in June, is inclosed with
a sufficient supply of food, [346] consisting of the larva of some
of the nocturnal Lepidoptera. Early in July or towards the
middle 6f that month, the perfect insect makes its way through
the side of its dwelling. The form of the first segment of the
abdomen of our species, is similar to that of Schaeffer’s represen-
tation of his Vespa nona, (Icon. vol. 1, pl. 53, fig. 10,) which is
proportionally much smaller than in Degeer’s figure of the coarc-
tata. ‘This species is found as well in Pennsylvania as in the
North-west Territory snd Missouri.

2. EK. verticaLis.—Black ; hypostoma above, anterior tho-
racic margin, scutellar line, posterior submargins of the abdomi-
nal segments, and spot each side on the first and second segments,
yellow; metathorax with a vertical spot each side at tip.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

234 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

This species differs from the preceding in the following cha-
racters ; anterior portion of the hypostoma with a deeply trilobated
black spot; superior wing-scale rufous; a small yellowish spot
beneath the superior wing, and a yellowish line over the insertion
of the inferior wing; a vertical, oblong, yellow spot each side
near the inferior tip of the metathorax; a small spot each side
on the first segment of the tergum, and the yellow margin is re-
flected backwards on the lateral edge for a short distance ; the
spot of the second segment is elongated, and the bands of the
third and fourth segments pass round the venter. Size about
equal to the preceding, and seems to be allied to the pompiformis
Fabr.

3. E. AnonMiIs.—Black ; first abdominal segment very short
and dilated.

Inhabits St. Peter’s rivér and Arkansa.

*, Antenne. with the scapus yellow before ; hypostoma attenu-
ated, truncate at tip, with large, longitudinal punctures, and at
base a transverse, yellow, arcuated line, a [ 847] small spot on
the front, another in each emargination of the eyes, and a trans-
verse one behind the eyes on each side, yellow; thorax densely
punctured, a yellow spot on each side of the collar; wing-scale
yellow, with a pale-brown spot; wings fuliginous; scutel with a
transverse yellow line; metathorax on each lateral margin with
an oblique yellow line; pleura, a yellow spot under the superior
wing ; feet yellow; thighs, except at the knees, and spot on the an-
terior tibia, black; tergum, segments yellow on their posterior
margins, first and second segments with each a yellow, lateral
spot, the former segment short, dilated, not pedunculiform ; ven-
ter immaculate.

Length more than seven-twentieths of an inch.

Excepting in the character drawn from the first segment of the
abdomen, this insect has a general similarity to the preceding
species, and the form of the anterior portion of the hypostoma
and the trophi, prove that this species is properly placed in this
genus.

PTEROCHILUS Klug.

P. 5-FASCIATUS.—Segments of the tergum yellow on their
posterior margins; first and second segments with a lateral, fer-
ruginous spot on each.

a

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 235

Inhabits North-west Territory and Missouri.

9° Head black; dilated posterior orbits, and anterior orbits to
the emargination of the eyes, ferruginous; hypostoma, scapus of
the antennz and mandibles, ferruginous; tip of the former
acutely emarginate in the middle; flagellum black-brown ; labial
palpi testaceous, very long, ciliate with long hairs, three-jointed ;
terminal joint much compressed, flat, obtuse at tip; stethidium
black ; collar and wing-scale ferruginous ; scutel with two large
yellow [348] spots; metathorax with a transverse, yellow line,
and at the base each side a large ferruginous spot; wings a little
fuliginous ; pleura with a yellow spot beneath the superior wings ;
feet ferruginous; tergum black, with five broad, bright yellow,
somewhat dentated bands, the posterior one abbreviated ; first
and second segments with each a large ferruginous spot on each
side ; venter black, ferruginous at base.

Length more than seven-tenths of an inch.

ODYNERUS Latr.

O..ANNULATUS.—Segments of the tergum yellow on their pos-
terior margins; first and second segments with a lateral, ferru-
ginous spot on each.

Inhabits North-west Territory and Missouri.

% Head black ; hypostoma yellowish, truncate at tip, and with
a small denticle each side; a large triangular spot on the front,
front of the scapus of the antenna, mandibles, and anterior or-
bits to the bottom of the emargination of the eye, yellowish ;
posterior orbit above with a ferruginous spot ; antennz, terminal
joint very much compressed, ferruginous, and reflected outward
and backward on the two preceding joints; stethidium black ;
collar and wing scale ferruginous ; scutel with two yellow spots ;
metathorax with a transverse, yellow line, and at the base each
side a large ferruginous spot; wings a little fuliginous ; pleura
with a yellow or ferruginous spot beneath the superior wings ;
feet ferruginous ; tergum black with six broad, bright yellow
bands ; first segment ferruginous excepting the posterior margin,
with a black spot in the middle; second segment with a large
ferruginous spot each side, in which is a smaller yellow spot;
venter black, ferruginous [349] at base ; posterior segments with
yellow posterior margins.

Length more than half an inch.

236 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

9 First and second joints of the antennz ferruginous; tergum
with five yellow bands ; first and second segments ferruginous,
with yellow posterior margins, the latter segment with a large yel-
low spot each side, and more or less of black in the middle.

Size very little larger than the male.

The very striking similarity in markings between this species
and the Pterochilus 5-fasciatus, led me at first to consider it the
male of that species, but having several specimens, on submitting
them to a more accurate inspection, I discovered that one of the
number is a female nearly corresponding in size with the others,
and agreeing with them in the form of the termination of the hy-
postoma and in the ventral bands, which specifically distinguish
this species from that just mentioned.

NOMIA lLatr.

N.? neTEROPODA.—Hairy, blackish-fuscous ; wings blackish at
tip; posterior tibia much dilated, triangular; terminal joint of
the antenne compressed, dilated.

Inhabits North-west Territory, Arkansa, and Maryland.

% Body blackish-fuscous, with cinereous hair ; antennze hardly
as long as the thorax, terminal joint compressed and dilated on
tht inner side, subsecuriform ; mandibles unarmed ; wings slightly
tinged with dirty yellowish, with a broad, blackish, terminal bor-
der, nervures reddish-brown ; intermediate feet with the thighs
very much dilated, compressed, triangular, first joint of the tarsus
dilated, and compressed before ; posterior feet with the thighs
[350] dilated, particularly towards the tip; tibiaremarkably dilated,
forming a rectangular triangle, much compressed, excepting at
the inner tip, and undulated on the inner side, first joint of the
tarsus elongated, much longer than the tibia, not dilated, densely
ciliated on the inner side with equal, fulvous hair; venter sparse-
ly hairy ; fourth segment divided by a longitudinal suture in the
middle, at the posterior angles prominent, acute; fifth segment
short, longitudinally carinated in the middle, and with a promi-
nent tubercle each side behind; sixth segment longitudinally
divided in the middle by a suture.

Length seven-tenths of an inch.

This singular insect does not perfectly correspond in character
with the genus under which I have placed it, and it disagrees
still more with the neighboring genera as defined in the books.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 237

PANURGUS Panz.
P. 8-MACULATUS—Black ; tergum with four, transverse, yel-
low spots on each side.
Inhabits United States.
*, Hypostoma, labrum, mandibles at base, inferior part of the
anterior orbits, yellow; antennz brown, yellowish beneath and

. bright yellow on the anterior side of the basal joint; thorax

slightly tinged with brassy, a small yellow point each side on the
collar ; pleura with a yellow spot before the wings ; wings slight-
ly dusky, pale at base, nervures fuscous; feet yellow, middle of
the thighs and posterior middle of the tibizw blackish ; posterior
feet blackish-brown, knees and base of the thighs yellow ; tergum
dark brown, four first segments each with a transverse, yellow
spot. [351 ]

Length more than one-fifth of an inch. »

9 Hypostoma with three, longitudinal, yellow spots, of which
the intermediate one is longest; orbits on the anterior inferior
portion with a triangular yellow spot ; antennz, basal joint entire-
ly black : spots of the tergum less elongated than those of the male
and the feet have more of the black color.

Length rather over one-fourth of an inch.

MEGACHILE Latr.

1. M. inrERRupTA.—Thorax surrounded by ferruginous ; ter-
gum five banded.

Inhabits Missouri.

% Body punctured, above glabrous ; head black ; antenne first
joint at base and third and fourth joints dull rufous ; hypostoma,
broad frontal orbits, and mandibles at base, yellow ; vertex with
a ferruginous band, interrupted in the middle and extending
down the cheeks; labrum rufous, a small black spot at base ;
thorax black, surrounded by a ferruginous margin, which is in-
terrupted before, and passes upon the posterior margin of the
seutel; wings fuliginous; pleura with cinereous hair beneath the
wings ; feet rufous, tarsi with yellow hair ; tergum convex, black,
with dilated, obscure, rufous, scarcely definite bands, five in
number, on each of which, excepting the basal one, is another
yellow band emarginate each side behind, and the three posterior
ones are interrupted in the middle; anus trilobated; lobes yel-

238 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

low, intermediate one small; posterior coxe each with a robust
yellow spine ; venter with transverse bands of long, dense, yel-
low hair.

Length nearly two-fifths of an inch.

? The black color of the front extends down upon the [352]
middle of the hypostoma nearly to its tip; the rufous color on
the basal joints of the antennze is obsolete; labrum black on the
disk ; mandibles black, excepting a small, rufous spot at base; .
the three last bands of the tergum are destitute of any rufous
color about them ; venter densely covered with hair: mandibles,
as in the male, three-toothed ; posterior coxze unarmed.

Length about the same as the male, but more robust.

2. M. eMARGINATA.—Black ; a band on each abdominal seg-
ment, slightly interrupted in the middle, and emarginated each
side before.

Tnhabits Missouri.

? Body punctured, above glabrous; head with a small yellow
dot each side of the vertex ; mandibles five-toothed ; thorax with
a small, whitish spot before the wings; wing-scale whitish, with
a brown spot; a whitish spot on the posterior angles, forming a
curve with two whitish spots on the scutel; wings hyaline, ner-
vures fuscous ; feet black, a dilated whitish line on the exterior
side of the tibia, tarsi with dull yellowish hair; tergum convex, a
whitish band on each segment, very slightly interrupted in the
middle, and, excepting the first one, deeply emarginated each
side before, the terminal segment with two rounded spots instead
of a band.

Length less than seven-twentieths of an inch.

3. M. guGarorta.—Black ; a band on each abdominal seg-
ment, interrupted in the middle and entire each side.

Inhabits Missouri.

2 Body punctured, above nearly glabrous; head with a yel-
low line on the superior part of the cheeks; hypostoma with a
dilated, yellow line, which extends upon the anterior orbits
nearly to their -summit; thorax with a widely interrupted line
before, extending round above the wings, [ 353 ] and two oblique
lines upon the scutel, yellow; wings fuliginous ; feet blackish,
with dull rufous joints, and tarsal hair; anterior feet before dull
rufous; tergum, bands yellow, not at all emarginated each side,

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 239

the basal band widely interrupted, second band less widely inter-
rupted, the penultimate one hardly interrupted, the ultimate one
entire.

Length about seven-twentieths of an inch.

That these three species are congeneric is evident, but they do
not correspond in all respects with the genus Megachile as de-
fined by entomologists. The trophi agree very well, and the
form of the nails of the feet in the two sexes.are also similar, but
the tergum is convex, as in Osmia, and the abdomen curves very
much downwards towards the tip, as in Sfedis, from which latter
genus they differ by having a hairy venter.

CAELIOXYS Latr.

C. 8-pentata.—Black ; abdomen with five white bands, tip
eight-toothed.

a eth its United States.

% Front and hypostoma with estos long, dull yellowish hair ;
thorax with a dentated band before, interrupted in the middle, a
spot at the base of the wings and a transverse line at base of the
seutel, white; wings a little dusky on the apical margin; feet
rufous ; tergum with five white bands, of which the two or three
terminal ones are double; segments each with a transverse in-
dented line; tip with eight teeth, of which two are on each side,
and four at the extremity placed two above and two beneath;
venter with a white line on the posterior margin of each segment,
the basal and terminal ones obsolete. [354]

Length two-fifths of an inch.

Var. a. Spots and lines of the thorax obsolete; feet excepting
the tarsi, black.

This is an inhabitant of various parts of the United States,
from the North-west Territory to Arkansa, and is common in
Pennsylvania.

NOMADA Fabr.

N. BISIGNATA.—Terminal half of the wings with a dusky
margin; abdomen rufous, with a bright yellow spot each side of
the middle.

Inhabits United States.
2 Head ferruginous, front with a large, black spot, confluent

240 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

with another transverse one on the vertex; occiput and throat
black ; antennz blackish, beneath rufous; stethidium black,
varied with ferruginous, and like the head rough with dense
punctures ; thorax ferruginous, with a longitudinal black line;
scutel ferruginous; feet rufous; thighs black at base; wings
dusky, particularly on the margin of the terminal half; tergum
rufous, the segments on their posterior margins, and the basal
segment at base also black ; second segment with a large, lateral,
yellow spot, and a slight appearance of another on each side of
the third segment.

Length rather more than three-tenths of an inch.

This species varies in having the thorax black, with four fer-

ruginous lines.
EPEOLUS Latr. .

1. E. tunatus.—Tergum with two opposite lunules on the
first segment, and three bands on the other segments. [355 |

Inhabits Missouri and Prairie du Chien.

9g Body black; front with a whitish spot surrounding the
base of each antenne ; antennee black-brown, three basal joints
and labrum ferruginous; thorax with two abbreviated, whitish,
longitudinal lines before the middle, a pale yellowish line on the
collar, another over the wings, passing round behind above the
scutel, a double line beneath the scutel, and an oblique sagittate
spot each side on the metathorax, also pale yellowish; wings a
little fuliginous ; feet rufous; thighs blackish in the middle ;
tergum velvet-black ; first segment with an angulated lunule on
each side, and a subterminal band on each side of the three fol-
lowing segments, of which the first is very slightly interrupted ;
terminal segment with a slight, oblique, cinereous spot on each
side.

*, Anterior half of the thorax with much of the pale yellow-
ish color ; bands of the tergum larger than those of the female
and one more in number, feet nearly all blackish.

Length half an inch.

Smaller than L. 4-fasciatus nobis, but much larger than £.
mercatus Fabr.

2. KE. scuTELLARIS.—Thorax surrounded by ferruginous ; pos-
terior spines dilated.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 241

Inhabits Middle States.

2 Body deep black, densely punctured ; front with a white
spot surrounding the base of each antennz ; antenne black-brown,
three basal joints and mandibles rufous; thorax with the collar,
obsolete line over the wings, dilated posterior teeth and scutel,
ferruginous ; wings dusky on the terminal margin; feet rufous;
tergum black-brown ; two distant bands on the first segment, of
which the first is obsolete, and the other is interrupted in the
middle, second [356] and third segments each with a band on
their posterior margins, pale yellow; remaining bands indistinct.

Length from three-tenths to nearly seven-twentieths of an
inch.

Much smaller than the preceding, and about equal in size to
E. mercatus Fabr., from which it differs by various characters,
and particularly by the much more dilated form of the posterior
thoracic teeth. During rainy or windy weather, this insect
secures itself to the edge of a leaf or to the small branch of a
bush, by its mandibles, retracts the feet to the body, and projects
the antennze forwards.

ORDER DIPTERA.

ANOPHELES Meig. Wied.

A. 4-MAcULATUS.—Pale brownish ; wings with four fuscous
spots.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Thorax dull cinereous; two oblique, brown lines confluent be-
hind and reaching the posterior edge; a broad, lateral, brown
line also extending the whole length of the thorax; wings hyaline,
the nervures hairy, forming two blackish spots near the middle,
placed longitudinally ; and two others nearer the tip on the bi-
furcations of the neryures, placed transversely ; scutel dull
ochreous, dusky in the middle; feet black-brown, incisures at
tip of the thighs and of the tibiz, yellowish ; tergum whitish, a
little varied with dusky.

Length to the tip of the wings more than three-tenths of an
inch. [357]

Closely allied to the maculipennis Hgg. I have not seen the
male. Wiedemann informs me that my Culex punctipennis is a
true Anopheles, an observation which I have found to be correct.

16

242 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

I described that insect in the year 1819, before any account of
that new genus had reached this country, otherwise I certainly
should have adopted it.

LASIOPTERA Meigen.

L. VENTRALIS.—Body blackish-brown; antenn 18-jointed,
hairy, joints subglobular, rather transverse, and placed close to
each other, basal joint whitish ; thorax and tergum immaculate ;
feet whitish, exterior side of the tibize blackish ; tarsi blackish,
first joint very short; venter whitish in the middle; wings with
a narrow, blackish, costal margin, which is gradually narrowed
to the tip.

2 Length rather more than one-twentieth of an inch.

I caught this species in the garden of the University of Penn-
sylvania.

CECIDOMYTIA Latr.

C. ORNATA.—Carneous ; wings spotted.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body varies in color from a very pale flesh color to a deep red ;
antenne and feet whitish ; wings with five or six dusky spots oc-
easioned by the greater density of the hair of the surface in those
parts.

Length to the tip of the wings nearly one-tenth of an inch.

This is most probably the prettiest species of the genus ; [358]
it occurred on a window in Philadelphia on the 13th of Septem-
ber.

PSYCHODA Latr.

P. ALTERNATA.—Wings acute at tip, with a small black spot
at the tips of the nervures.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body pale yellowish-white ; abdomen dusky; wings ovate-
lanceolate, acute at tip, cinereous with an obsolete pale band on
the middle and base; the alternate nervures of the posterior
margin at their tips and the tips of the nervures of the anterior
margin with a black spot; spots of the posterior margin more
distinct.

Length to the tip of the wings more than one-tenth of an inch.

LONG'S SECOND EXPEDITION. 243

A very common little insect, even in Philadelphia. It may
be readily distinguished from other species by its more acute

wings, as well as by the arrangement of the spots and bands,
however obsolete, which exist on these organs.

LIMNOBIA Meig.

L. arcus.—Yellowish-white ; head black; wings ocellate and
marbled with blackish.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antennz moniliform ; thorax pale yellow-piceous, whitish near
the neck ; wings hyaline, with a double series of large, pupilate
ocellze, those near the tip confused; ultimate nervure furcate ;
poisers fuscous, at tip white; coxe whitish; thighs annulate
with black near the tip.

Length 4% 9 more than three-tenths of an inch. [359 ]

To this species the name of ocellata would perhaps be more
appropriate than it is to the Linnzan species of that name, inas-
much as in the latter the ocelle are epupilate. It is a very
pretty insect, and exhibits much singularity in the arrangement
of the nervures of its wings, the penultimate and ultimate ner-
vures being connected by a transverse nervure which arises from
the tip of the latter. In other respects the distribution of the
nervures are similar to that of the bifasciata Fabr. Wied.

[This is identical with the European ZL. annulata Linn,
(ZL. imperialis Loew; conf. Linn. Ent. 5, tab. 2, fig. 15).—
SACKEN. |

TIPULA Linn. Meig.

T. MACULATIPENNIS.—Cinereous ; thighs black at tip, wings
dusky with white spots.

inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne yellowish, incisures of the joints dusky ; palpi black-
ish ; thorax with two brown, dorsal lines, which are confluent on
the anterior margin, attenuated behind, and abbreviated behind
the middle; a lateral line slightly interrupted in its middle, and
hardly reaching the anterior or posterior margins; scutel dull
honey-yellow, with a black line; wings dusky, with a black
carpal spot margined with white, three or four white spots along
the central nervure, and about as many near the termination of
the ultimate nervure; poisers white, dusky at tip; abdomen

244 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

blackish ; incisures edged with whitish; thighs with a very ob-

vious blackish tip.
Length to tip of the wing ? seven-tenths of an inch.

PTYCHOPTERA Meig.

P. 4-rAscIaTA.— Wings hyaline, with four brown bands.

Inhabits Pennsylvania. [ 365 |

Head and thorax blackish-brown ; antennze, palpi, mouth, and
hypostoma, except near the base of the antennz, whitish ; wings
with four brown, subequidistant bands, of which the third
reaches the inner margin and the others are abbreviated ; pleura,
pectus, and feet, yellowish white; the incisures of the latter
dusky.

Length to the tip of the wings nearly half an inch.

This species is infested by a parasite of the genus Ocypete.
Tt occurred in June.

TRICHOCERA Meig.

JT. SCUTELLATA.—Dark fuscous; scutel whitish.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Palpi blackish ; thorax slightly tinged with livid; anterior
angles and neck segments dull yellowish-piceous ; scutel dull
whitish; wings immaculate, whitish at base; poisers white, with
a fuscous capitulum ; coxee, and thighs at base, dull yellowish.

$ 2 Length of the body three-twentieths of an inch.

Taken in September at the Falls of Kakabikka, beyond Lake
Superior. The posterior margin only of the scutel is dull yel-
lowish-white in the male. This species seems to be closely allied
to 7. parva Meig.

PLATYURA Meig.
CEROPLATUS Bose, Fabr.

P. FASCIPENNIS.—Thorax yellowish; wings with a blackish
subterminal band.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head yellowish; disk of the vertex black; thorax immacu-
late; wings hyaline, with a blackish band near the [361] tip,
hardly reaching the inner edge, and margined with an obsoletely
whiter color than the other parts of the wing; poisers color of
the thorax ; coxz and thighs whitish; tergum blackish-testace-

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 245

ous; venter blackish, segments dull yellowish on their posterior
and lateral margins ; abdomen slender at base, gradually dilating
behind.

Length rather more than one-fifth of an inch.

The wing nervures are arranged as in P. baumhaueri Meig.
It is probably closely allied to the carbonaria of Bosc, which,
however, is described to be altogether of the same form as the
tipuloides Bosc, to have a black thorax and obscure feet ; whereas
ours is a much more slender insect than the tipuloides as repre-

sented by Coquebert.
SCIOPHILA Hee.

1. S. pattipes.—Brownish-black, with gray short hairs; an-
tennze and feet whitish.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne (at least the two basal joints) yellowish-white ; tho-
raX with numerous scattered, short, gray hairs, which are fewer
in number and more prominent behind; wings dusky ; poisers
elongated, yellow-white, at base dusky; feet yellow-white ; abdo-
men with numerous prostrate, short, gray hairs.

*, Length to tip of the wings nearly one-fifth of an inch.

The nervures of the wings correspond with those of 8S. hirta
Hgg.

2. S. LITTORALIS.—Pale yellowish; thorax trilineate ; abdo-
men fasciate with fuscous ; feet dusky at tip.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Vertex and a line extending down between the antenne upon
the hypostoma, blackish ; antennz dusky, two basal [362] joints
yellowish ; thorax with a double, brown, middle line, attenuated
and abbreviated behind, and a brown approximate re on each
side abbreviated before; a small fascicle of hairs beneath each
wing, and a dusky spot over the insertion of each foot; wings
immaculate ; poisers yellowish-white ; abdomen slender at base,
gradually dilating towards the tip, dull-yellowish, hairy; inci-
sures and tip dusky; feet dull-yellowish, towards their tips
dusky.

Length of the body three-twentieths of an inch.

I obtained this species on the rocky coast of Lake Superior, in
a thicket of small bushes. The nervures of the wings corres-

246 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION,

pond with those of Asindulum punctatum Latr., excepting that
the second neryure is not at all connected with the first nervure,
but curves downward at tip and enters the intermediate cellule
before the middle, and the ultimate and penultimate abbreviated
nervures are distinct ; it isa much smaller species than the fasciata
nob., the nervures of which agree better with the preceding spe-
cies, but its connecting nervure from the second neryure enters
the intermediate cellule at the middle.

3. S. HIRTICOLLIS.—Yellowish-white ; thorax hairy; tergum
black, with pale yellowish bands.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head black; hypostoma, mouth and trophi whitish; antenne
black-brown, the four basal joints yellow, with a dark brown spot
above on the third and fourth; thorax with rather numerous,
somewhat long, black hairs; three dilated, brownish-livid lines,
the intermediate one abbreviated and attenuated behind, and the
lateral ones attenuated before; wings a little dusky, the inter-
mediate cellule appearing to the eye like a small, black spot ;
poisers whitish ; pleura with a brownish-livid spot over the in-
termediate and posterior feet; feet dusky towards the tip, the
coxee [363] with strong, black hairs on the exterior side and tip ;
tergum black, with black, rather long hairs ; segments with broad,
yellowish hind margins ; tip black.

Length of the body three-twentieths of an inch.

The wing nervures resemble those of JS. /ittoralis nob., but the
abbreviated nervures are very strongly marked; the second ner-
vure is connected with the first, and by a transverse nervure with
the intermediate cellule opposite to the middle; the cellule is
also connected with the central, furcate nervure, by a neryure as
perfectly transverse as that of S. vitripennis Meig.

4, 8. prrascrata.—Dark yellowish ; wings bifasciate.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head black; antennze fuscous; hypostoma yellow, near the
antenn blackish; palpi whitish at base, dusky towards the tip ;
thorax honey-yellow; two oblique, black lines confluent behind,
and not reaching the posterior margin; a black line above each
wing, joining on the posterior margin and meeting the oblique
lines at the anterior angles; wings hyaline with two blackish

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 247

bands more obvious at the costal margin, one of which is near
the middle, widely interrupted on the disk, and the other near
the tip; metathorax black; feet white-yellow at base, dusky
towards the tip.

Length to tip of the wings nearly two-fifths of an inch.

A large and handsome species. The wing nervures agree with
those of Asindulum punctatum Latr., excepting that the second
nervure is continued a short distance beyond its transverse ner-
vure, which latter enters the intermediate cellule at the basal
angle.

5. S. optigua.—Pale yellowish; thorax four lined; tergum
fasciate.

Inhabits North-west Territory. [ 364}

Head black; hypostoma and base of the antenne yellow;
thorax with two oblique, fuscous lines confluent at the mid-
dle of the base; and a dilated fuscous line each side, much ab-
breviated before and hardly reaching the basal edge; wings
slightly tinged with dusky, immaculate; poisers white; feet
white, dusky towards the tip; tergum, segments with blackish
posterior margins; last segments entirely blackish ; anal segment
yellow.

Length % nearly one-fifth of an inch.

The wing nervures are arranged altogether like those of Astn-
dulum punctatum Latr. Closely allied to S. fasciata nobis, but
may be distinguished by the narrow, oblique lines of the thoracic
disk.

LEILA Meig.

L. VENTRALIS.—Deep black, polished ; wings fasciate near the
tip, feet yellowish.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head a little hairy; palpi and three basal joints of the an-
tennee yellowish; remaining joints of the latter fuscous; thorax
with sparse hairs; a whitish humeral spot; wings hyaline with
a dusky band near the tip, which does not reach the thinner
margin, and a dusky tinge or line between the ultimate and
penultimate nervures; poisers with a fuscous capitulum and
yellowish stipes ; feet yellowish-white ; tarsi dusky; tergum hairy ;
venter pale yellowish.

248 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

s, Length of the body nearly three-twentieths of an inch, to
tip of the wings more than one-fifth of an inch.

This species is closely allied to the bimaculata Meig., with
which it also corresponds in the position of the stemmata and the
arrangement of the wing nervures, even to the dislocation of the
superior branch of the inferior furcate nervure. [ 365 |

MYCETOPHILA Meig.

1. M. srriceA.—Head and thorax sericeous; the latter dusky,
margined with yellowish.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head blackish, with a yellowish sericeous gloss; antennze
fuscous, two basal joints and palpi yellowish ; thorax sericeous,
blackish on the disk, dull yellowish each side and on the anterior
edge; wings immaculate, nervures fuscous ; poisers and feet yel-
lowish-white ; tarsi and spines fuscous, the latter half the length
of the first tarsal joint; coxee yellowish-white, with a few short,
black, rigid hairs on the exterior sides and tip, particularly the
anterior pair ; abdomen compressed, dusky above; sides dull yel-
lowish on the tips of the segments. ;

% @ Length to tip of the abdomen one-fifth of an inch.

The wing nervures are arranged as in MW. fasciata Meig., ex-
cepting that there are three abbreviated nervures, as in MV. late-
ralis of the same author.

2. M. MACULIPENNIS.—Yellowish; thorax trilineate; wings
three-spotted.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body pale yellowish; vertex dusky; thorax with a double
fuscous line attenuated and abbreviated behind, but near the
middle ; and a larger line on each side abbreviated before, con-
fluent behind, extending upon the scutel; a spot of the same
color above the insertion of the wings; pleura with about two
dusky spots, one over the insertion of each of the posterior feet ;
wings with three blackish spots on the costal margin, of which
one is on the middle ; the second much beyond the middle, obso-
letely extended into an undulated band; the third is near the tip;
feet [366] dusky at tip and on the posterior thighs near the
knees ; tergum with blackish bands.

Length of the body nearly one-fifth of an inch.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 249

A very pretty species; the wing nervures are like those of
M. fasciata Meig. The antennz in my specimen are deficient.
Found on the coast of Lake Superior in a thick growth of bushes.

SCIARA Meig.
Mo.xosrvs Latr.

1. 8. arrata.—Entirely deep black, polished, immaculate ;
wings dusky, iridescent; nervures dark fuscous; poisers black ;
thorax in a particular light somewhat pruinose; abdomen opaque,
with short black hairs; spines of the tibia rather longer than the
transverse diameter of the tibia.

Inhabits North-west territory.

% Length to tip of wings less than one-fifth of an inch.

The nervures of the wings agree with those of S. thomex Fabr.
This seems to be very closely allied to S. nigra Wied., an in-
habitant of South Carolina, but the thorax in a particular light
exhibits a grayish reflection, a character which Wiedemann attri-
butes to the antennze only in his species. The antennz are de-
ficient in my specimen.

2. 8. ponrra.—Deep black, polished; poisers whitish ; feet
yellowish at base.

Inhabits North-west Territory. ‘

Body with numerous short hairs which are slightly sericeous ;
eyes without interval above the antennz ; wings dusky, pale yel-
lowish at base; poisers whitish; feet dusky towards the tip ;
coxx and thighs yellowish-white.

Q@ Length of the body less than three-twentieths of an inch.

The abdomen and thorax are both highly polished. [ 367 J

3. 8S. FRATERNA.—Deep black, polished ; abdomen black-brown,
opaque ; base of the poisers, and feet pale yellowish.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne dark fuscous, with dense grayish hair; eyes in con-
tact above the antennz ; thorax polished ; wings dusky, pale yel-
lowish at base ; poisers with a yellowish scapus and fuscous capit-
ulum ; feet dusky towards the tip; abdomen fuscous, opake.

@ Length of the body one-tenth of an inch, % smaller.

4. §. exigua.—Black ; thorax piceous at the anterior angles ;
poisers whitish at base; feet whitish, dusky at tip.

250 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne fuscous, with dark gray hairs ; wings a little dusky
nervures fuscous; poisers elongated, whitish, capitulum fuscous ;
abdomen fuscous, opaque.

% Length of the body one-twentieth of an inch.

y A little larger, with the base of the feet and of the poisers of
a darker shade than those of the male.

SCATOPSE.

S. ATRATA.—Deep velvet black; tarsi pale; tip of the an-
tennze abruptly compressed.

Inhabits Pennsplvania.

Body hardly polished and nearly opaque, immaculate ; poisers
color of the body; wings hyaline; marginal nervures but little
more than half the length of the wing, fuscous ; furcate nervure
attaining the tip; below the furcate nervure are two parallel ner-
vures which do not reach the margin; beneath the latter is the
ordinary undulated nervure.

I obtained several specimens which were crawling on the glass
of a window, in September, in Philadelphia. The [ 368 ] ner-
vures of the wings differ somewhat from those of the S. notata,
Linn. Meig.; the marginal nervures do not approach so near the
tip gf the wing, and instead of a single nervure between the forked
nervure and the undulated nervure, as in the notata, this species
has two.

BIBIO Latr. Meig.

B. THoracicaA.—Black ; thighs rufous.

Inhabits Kast Florida.

Body black, somewhat polished ; thorax bright yellowish-ru-
fous, with a small black spot on each side of the scutel; collar,
scutel, and metathorax black ; spines of the anterior tibize pice-
ous, the exterior one much larger; wings fuscous; the fourth
marginal nervure abbreviated, and not attaining to the inner mar-
gin.

Length 9 two-fifths of an inch.

This is a very large and fine species. On the thorax is some-
times an obsolete brown line.

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 25

BERIS Latr.

B. viripis.—Bright green ; tergum black-brown ; venter pale ;
feet yellowish.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Head brassy-green polished; antennz obscure yellowish,
brownish at tip; proboscis and palpi whitish; stethidium green,
polished ; scutel with four yellowish spines ; wings hyaline ; stig-
mata large, fuscous ; neryures fuscous, those of the costal margin
anterior to the stigmata whitish; central areola destitute of an
abbreviated nervure, two nervures passing off from the tip, anda
third from very near its base ; poisers white ; feet pale yellowish,
tarsi dusky at [369] tip, posterior tibia fuscous at tip; tergum
black-brown, incisures and lateral edge yellowish; venter pale yel-
lowish, dusky at base.

Length to the tip of the wings one-fourth of an inch.

This species seems to be allied to the tibialis of Europe, but
the posterior tibia are not very obviously clavated, the central
cellule of the wings is destitute of the small abbreviated nervure,
and the inferior of the three nervures which radiate from this
cellule issues out very nearly from its base, and not from the
inferior middle as in that species.

ODONTOMYTIA Meig. Latr.

QO. VERTEBRATA.—Black ; abdomen white, with dorsal black
spots..

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Mouth deep black, pale within; hypostoma with an elevated
testaceous knob; antenne deep black, terminal joint beneath
dusky testaceous ; thorax blackish, with hardly perceptible hairs ;
scutel dull testaceous, black at base; tip a little hairy; spines
horizontal, white; wings white; poisers white, with a whitish-
glaucous capitulum : feet yellowish-white ; abdomen subquadrate,
much depressed, white ; tergum with a series of large black spots
almost connected together.

Length 4 rather morethan three-tenths of an inch.

COENOMYIA Latr. Meig.
C. pauyipa. [Ante p. 42.]

252; LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

THEREVA Latr. [370]

T. rRONTALIS.—Black; thorax with two yellow vitte ; ter-
gum annulate with yellow.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head beneath with white hair; antennee, proboscis, and palpi
black ; front and vertex dusky yellowish, with a large, deep black,
glabrous, polished, transverse, undulated spot ; thorax black, with
two yellow lines, or yellow with three black lines ; wings hyaline,
tinged with dull yellowish ; nervures fuscous, slightly margined,
and with a carpal spot; scutel yellowish, with a dusky basal spot ;
tergum glabrous, polished, the posterior margins of the segments
bright yellow, wider upon the sides; pleura and pectus glaucous,
the latter hairy; poisers whitish; with a blackish capitulum; feet
black; tibia excepting at tip dull testaceous ; venter cinereous,
changeable, second and third segments with yellowish posterior
margins.

Length more than half an inch. [ 371 J

ANTHRAX Lair.

1. A. ALcYon.—Wings brown, a hyaline spot near the middle,
another at tip in which are two curved brown lines.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body black, with pale fulvous hair; head yellowish-white,
hairs above the antenne black ; tip of the hypostoma prominent,
and with black rigid hairs ; antennze black, basal joint yellowish
with black hairs ; vertex black ; occiput with a very profoundly
impressed line above ; scutel piceous; wings dusky, pale brown
on the disk, an obsolete, small, subhyaline spot between the mid-
dle and the base; a large, subtriangular, hyaline spot near the
middle, a small portion of which is cut off by anervure; tip with
a large, subquadrate-oval, hyaline spot, the two arcuated ner-
vures that pass across this spot are margined with blackish ; cen-
tral cellule widely bilobated at tip, lobes equally approaching the
inner margin, a nervure passes from between the lobes to the
edge of the wing, an abbreviated nervure passes from the lobe
nearest the base, half way to the inner margin, and another ner-
vure connects this lobe with the third nervure so as to form an
additional cellule; feet yellowish; tarsi black ; venter pale, two

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 253

last segments black on the disk; tergum with blackish hair on
the incisures.

Length nearly eleven-twentieths of an inch.

This species seems to approach nearest to Wiedemann’s fifth
tribe, though the additional cellule will justify its being placed
apart; we observed it frequently on St. Peter’s river and on
Red river.

2. A. TEGMINIPENNIS.—Black with pale fulvous hair ; wings
brownish-black, immaculate. [372]

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head yellowish-white below the antenne ; hypostoma promi-
nent, with a few rigid black hairs at tip; antenne black, basal
joint whitish, with black hair ; front dull fulvous; vertex black;
wings entirely brownish-black, without spot; feet pale rufous;
tarsi black ; tergum with black hairs at the incisures, which on
the side alternate with the fulvous ones, but more distinctly so
near the tip.

Length from nine-twentieths to half an inch.

This species belongs to Wiedemann’s fifth tribe.

3. A. FULVIANUS.—Black, covered equally with pale yellow-
ish hair; wings hyaline, with a narrow, brown, costal margin.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head with dull yellowish, short hairs, intermixed with black
ones on the front and hypostoma; thorax densely hairy ; wings
hyaline, interval between the two nervures of the costal margin,
and base to the first transverse nervure, light brown; feet black,
sericeous, with yellowish-fulyous hair, intermixed with black
hairs ; tergum covered with dense hair, without any intermixture
of black hairs, and without any fasciated appearance; venter
each side behind with hairs of a brighter fulvous tint than the
others.

Length more than nine-twentieths of an inch.

Allied to A. hottentota Fabr.

Belongs to the fifth tribe in Wiedemann’s arrangement. It is
common on St. Peter’s river, at Pembina, &c. It is closely
allied to alternata nob. in the characters of the wing, but there is
no sign of fascia on the tergum, nor of alternating black fascicles
of hair on the sides. The color of the hair on the last segments

254 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

of the venter is sometimes ferruginous, but it is always of a
deeper tint than that of [373] other parts of the body. It
seems to vary in size, I have a specimen less than one-fourth
smaller.

4. A. FASCIPENNIS.—Black, slightly hairy ; wings,varied with
blackish and hyaline.

Inhabits Red river of Winnepeek.

Body deep black, hairs sparse, very short, ferruginous; head
with black short hairs above, and between, the antenne ; sides
of the mouth whitish ; hypostoma with dull, yellowish-ferruginous
hairs ; posterior orbits with silvery hair; thorax with long hairs
before the wings ; scutel margined with piceous; wings with a
wide, blackish-brown costal margin from which proceed two
oblique bands; the basal one is dilated and attains the thinner
margin, on which it extends from the middle of the basal curve
of the wing to the extremity of the first and second nervures;
the second band is irregularly arcuated and is abbreviated near
the thinner margin where it terminates in the form of a hook;
on the costal margin near the tip is an oblique spot connected
with the costal colored margin; poisers fuscous; capitulum
white at tip; tergum with the second and third segments obso-
letely piceous each side; venter whitish at base; feet dusky ;
tibia pale.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

This species coincides with the third tribe in Weidemann’s ar-
rangement of this genus. It is small, and the wings are prettily
variegated. The specimen I obtained is remarkably destitute of
hair.

5. A. costata.—Black ; wings hyaline, with a black costal
margin, and small anastomosis in the middle.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body deep black, with very short, sparse, sericeous hairs ;
thorax with the lateral hairs longer and pale yellowish-rufous ;
wings hyaline, with a blackish costal margin bounded [374 ] by
the fourth nervure as far as the middle, where it is abruptly con-
tracted so as to be included by the first apical nervure for a
short distance, when it is gradually contracted so as to be in-
cluded by the two costal nervures; anastomosis near the centre

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 256

of the wing, blackish; feet black; poisers fuscous, capitulum
whitish.

Length more than three-tenths of an inch.

The disposition of the wing neryures of this species corres-
ponds with that of the fifth tribe in Wiedemann’s arrangement.

LAPHRIA.

1. L. posticara.—Black ; thorax and before the tip of the
tergum covered with yellow hair.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenna, hair of the vertex and of each side of the antennz,
black; long hair beneath the antennz yellowish; hair of the
cheeks long, white; thorax covered with yellow hair, immacu-
late; pleura and pectus black, the latter with long whitish hair
between the feet ; poisers yellowish-white ; wings dusky ; tergum
blued-black, polished, with black hairs each side ; two last seg-
ments and posterior margin of the preceding segment covered
with yellow hair; venter polished, immaculate.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

2. L. FLAVICOLLIS.—Black ; wings dusky; hair of the head
and thorax yellow.

Inhabits North-west Territory-

Head with long yellow hairs, and a few black ones over the
mouth; proboscis, antennz, and palpi black, the latter with
hairs ; thorax thickly clothed with yellow hair, immaculate ;
wings dusky; nervures fuscous; poisers [375] dark reddish-
brown; feet with black hair; a few pale hairs on the basal half
of the thighs, and many about the origin of the feet; tergum
black, with a slight shade of blue, polished, and with black
hairs.

Length more than half an inch.

This species resembles the thoracica Fabr., but may be dis-
tinguished by the color of the hair of the head; it is alsoa
smaller insect, with a more slender form.

ASILUS.

A. ABDOMINALIS.—Black ; hypostoma silvery ; tergum fulyous
in the middle.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

256 LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION.

Head rather small; antennee elongated, second joint very
small; hypostoma bright silvery; mystax sparse, rigid, black ;
thorax with minute black hairs, and a few longer ones on the
margin; wings broad, black; tergum, segments, excepting the
basal one and two terminal ones, reddish fulvous.

Length more than three-fifths of an inch.

The styles of the antenne being lost in the specimen, I am
not certain that this species is correctly arranged when placed in
this genus. It will not agree with Dvoctria, as the antenne are
perfectly sessile, nor with Dasypogon, as the basal joint of the
antennee is nearly four times the length of the second joint. The
rectilinear posterior tibize will not authorize its reference to La-
phria. The appearance of the pectus and the adaptation of the
feet are precisely as in Asi/us. In the arrangement of the wing
nervures it agrees with Wiedemann’s first tribe.

[Wiedemann has changed the name to Aeacus because the in-
sect belongs to Dasypogon, and Say had already described another
under the same specific name, (Discocephala abdominalis Say,
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc. 3, 50). The present species belongs to
Stenopogon.—SackEN. ]

HEMERODROMIA Hgg. [376]

H. supERsTrTrosA.—Whitish ; thorax with a broad, blackish_
brown vitta; tergum with a broad black vitta, which is crenate
on its edges.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Antenne, proboscis, and front white ; occiput and inferior part
of the head blackish-brown, in some parts slightly sericeous ;
eyes chestnut-brown ; thorax with a broad vitta, which is paler
in the middle and occupies the greater portion of its surface ;
wings hyaline ; poisers white ; scute] dusky, with a paler margin;
tergum, the broad vitta is very deeply crenated on its edges, and
is often separated into a series of large spots by the incisures ;
beneath white.

Length nearly three-twentieths of an inch.

This species is very closely allied to the Z. oratoria Fall.
The disposition of the nervures is the same with those of that
species, but the oratoria is said to have only a line on the thorax
in place of a vitta, to have the abdomen all dark brown, and the
tip of the posterior tibia brown.

-I

LONG’S SECOND EXPEDITION. 25

SARGUS Latr. Meig.

1. 8S. pEcorus.—Front blue; thorax green; tergum greenish
golden; feet pale yellow.

Inhabits Pennsylvania and Hast Florida.

Hypostoma and vertex blackish; proboscis yellow; antennz
dusky yellowish ; third joint darker; frontal tubercles with a
white reflexion ; wing dusky, stigma distinct; poisers pale yel-
low; pleura blackish-piceous ; feet yellow ; posterior tarsi dusky ;
abdomen slender, widest at tip, gradually [377] attenuated to
the base, and with pale yellowish-brown hair.

Length about three-tenths of an inch.

This species is very closely allied to the S. auratus Meig.
Fabr., but it is smaller, and the feet are dissimilar ; it may, how-
ever, prove to be a variety of that species.

2. S. porsALIs.—Black, eyes brassy, with a green line; feet
white, tibiae and tarsi above blackish.

Tnhabits Kentucky.

Stemmata approximate on the vertex; eyes brown, when re-
cent brassy-green tinged with red or purplish, a broad, green,
longitudinal line across the middle; antennz whitish at base ;
feet white ; tarsi black at the tip; anterior and posterior tibize
black above ; wings dusky nervures deep brown, carpus distinctly
marked by an oblong, opake, brown spot; abdomen oval, mid-
dle of the two or three basal segments of the tergum and venter
whitish.

Length of 9 one-fifth of aninch, 4% rather less.

The male is very similar to the female, but is a little smaller.

This species is allied to the genus Vappo Latr., by the ner-
vures of the wings, the nervure between the three which radiate
from the central joint being altogether wanting, but the second
joint of the antenne resembles that of a Sargus, the third joint
is deficient in my specimen. In general form it resemble S. po-
Kitus Linn.

[Is a Beris according to Wiedemann.—SAckEN. ]

PARAGUS Latr.

P. 4-rascratus.—Black ; tergum with four yellow bands;,
costal margin of the wings fuscous.
a

258 LONG'S SECOND EXPEDITION.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Head pale yellowish; hypostoma slightly impressed with a
black line, and another dilated black line descends [378] from
the black vertex and includes the superior portion of the tuber-
cle of the antennee; mouth each side black; antennz blackish-
piceous, basal joint and seta paler ; second joint decidedly longer
than the first ; eyes with two yellow bands of which the anterior
one is irregular; occiput black, with a cinereous orbital line ;
thorax with four yellow spots on the anterior margin; an obso-
lete, yellowish, curved line above the wings terminating an-
teriorly in a transverse, whitish spot on each side of the centre ;
an angulated yellow line behind; pleure with two yellow spots
placed vertically ; scutel edged with yellow ; wings hyaline, a fus-
cous costal margin, ferruginous at base and gradually dilated to-
wards the tip; poisers white; feet white; anterior pair with the
anterior half of the thighs and tibie and all the tarsi black ; in-
termediate pair with the tip of the thighs, of the tibie, and all the
tarsi pale rufous, posterior pair hairy beneath, with a tooth near
the tip and posterior half black; tarsi and tip of the tibize pale
rufous, the latter arcuated ; tergum with a band near the base,
somewhat narrowest in its middle; another narrower one on the
middle and two near the tip a little broader in their middles,
yellow; venter with about three distant, narrow, yellow bands,
of which the middle one is sometimes fulvous.

Length less than three-fifths of an inch.

This insect does not altogether agree with the characters of
the genus in which I have placed it, inasmuch as the hind thighs
are toothed, the hind tibiz arcuated, and the terminal joint of
the antenne is oval and not elongated. It disagrees with Milesia
in the elongated first and second joints of the antenna, and with
Pipiza in the length of the palpi, and but for the character of
the antenne, I should certainly refer it to the genus Milesia.

[Macquart has placed this insect as a new genus Mixtemyia.

—SACKEN. ] '

CURCULIONIDES. 259

Descriptions of North American Curculionides and an arrangement of some
of our known species agreeably to the method of Schoenherr,* July 1831.

. BRUCHUS Fabr.

1. B. 4-macunatus, F. Oliv.—Fabricius says it inhabits the
island of Santa Cruz, and Olivier says it is from Carolina. The
only individual I have seen was found by Mr. Barabino at New
Orleans.

Olivier gives its length at three-twentieths of an inch. The
present specimen is considerably over one-tenth, but is less than
three-twentieths.

2. B. oprecrus.—Dusky ; base and tip of the antenne feet
and abdomen obscure rufous.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body above blackish ; with prostrate, somewhat dense, dull
yellowish hairs: antennz gradually thicker to the tip, basal half
and terminal joint dull rufous, second joint nearly as long as the
third : thorax with numerous, distant punctures; elytra immac-
ulate, the strize distinct ; apical margin obsoletely rufous ; beneath
black, with prostrate hair; feet dull rufous; posterior thighs
somewhat dilated, beneath blackish with a tooth near the tip and
about two small ones nearer the tip ; abdomen dull rufous, immac-
ulate.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

3. B. TRIANGULARIS.—Black ; elytra with a triangular band,
in which is a black spot each side.
Inhabits Mexico.

*I am greatly indebted to this distinguished naturalist for his able
work the ‘‘ Dispositio Methodica Curculionidum’’ as well as for a know-
ledge of several unpublished genera of this family ; my thanks are also
due to Germar who has kindly furnished me with his ‘‘ Coleopterorum
species nove aut minus cognite descriptionibus illustrate,’’ in which
many new genera are instituted.

[The very unnatural classification of Schénherr has left this family
in such an unsatisfactory condition so far as regards the identification
of genera, that I have not yet attempted a critical study of our species.
My notes on this paper therefore will be meagre and more imperfect
than in other portions of the work.—Lzc.]

260 CURCULIONIDES.

Body black; antennze rufous at base; thorax transverse ;
elytra with slender, deep, punctured striz; a common, large tri-
angular white band, connected along the suture with the white
scutel and attenuating to the lateral edge ; in the middle on each
side of the suture is a black dot; posterior thighs with a spine,
beyond which are two smaller spines.

Length nearly three-twentieths of an inch. C2]

Readily distinguished by the common white triangular band of
the elytra marked by two black spots. I had three specimens
from Mexican seeds of the size of those of Palmetto, but concave
within.

3. B. mimus.—Brown, varied with black lines and cinereous.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body light brown, variegated: antenne pale rufous: thorax
much narrowed before, with two interrupted, elevated, black lines
and one or two on each side ; base rather prominent at the scutel ;
scutel whitish apparently bifid: elytra with black spots and ab-
breviated lines, which have a whitish spot at their anterior
tip ; a light brown line curves inwards from the humerus and
passes along the third interstitial line towards the tip; beneath
dusky or blackish: feet pale rufous; posterior thighs blackish
beneath with several minute spines and four or five larger ones
near the tip: posterior tibiae blackish, subfasciate beyond the mid-
dle : podex yellow.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

5.. B. ocunatus.—Brown; posterior thighs three or four-
toothed.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body elongated, pale brown, covered on every part with short
prostrate, dense hair: head on the front dusky, with a slight cu-
preous tinge; much dilated orbits cinereous; tip of the ‘labrum
piceous : antennze fuscous: four basal joints honey-yellow; tho-
rax with a hardly obvious, dorsal, pale line: elytra with acute
striee, which have distant punctures rather short: anal segment
but little oblique, more than half the length of the elytra; feet
honey-yellow : posterior thighs near the tip with about four teeth,
of which the first is most prominent.

Length one fifth of an inch.

CURCULIONIDES. 261

The anal segment is more nearly horizontal than any species I
have seen.

6. B. opsoLetus.—Blackish, varied with cinereous hair.

Inhabits Indiana.

’ Body blackish cinereous, with a slight tinge of brown: anten-
nz not deeply serrate: thorax much narrowed before, [3] cin-
ereous each side, a slight impressed dorsal line; base with the
edge almost angulated, central lobe almost truncate; scutel quad-
rate, whitish, longitudinally divided by a dusky line; elytra with
the interstitial lines having a slight appearance of alternating
whitish and dusky ; on the middle of the third interstitial line is
a more obvious abbreviated whitish line : posterior thighs with a
black spine, and two smaller ones.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

The whitish or cinereous markings are not very striking; on
the elytra they may sometimes be traced into two obsolete macu-
lar bands. I obtained many specimens from the seeds of an
Astragulus in August, in company with Apion segnipes nob.

7. B. mMuscutus.—Blackish with cinereous hair; antenne and
feet rufous.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body blackish-cinereous, with a slight tinge of brown, or black
with cinereous hair: labrum piceous: antenne rufous at base
and tip, piceous in the middle: thorax rather long, narrowed be-
fore, somewhat cinereous each side, and on a dorsal line; basal
edge lobed at the scutel : scutel quadrate cinereous, with a dusky
line ; elytra, third interstitial line with an abbreviated cinereous
line on its middle; feet rufous; anterior thighs at base, interme-

diate pair to the middle, black; posterior thighs with a spine,

and three close set smaller ones distant from it, and with their
tibize black.

Length less than one-tenth of an inch.

Resembles obsoletus nob., but is a little smaller, and the ru-
fous antenne and feet distinguish it.

8. B. rransversus.—Black, with cinereous hair; interstitial
spaces with transverse black lines.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, more or less covered with cinereous hair; head

“«—

262 CURCULIONIDES.

black: antennee rufous: thorax transverse, widely rounded before,
with a scutellar lobe: scutel subquadrate with a dusky line:
elytra, interstitial spaces interrupted by transverse black lines :
feet rufous: posterior thighs black at base, armed with a spine
near the tip.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

ANTHRIBUS F. Sch. [4 }
Subgenus TRoprpERES Sch.

1. A. cornnutus.—Thorax with five tubercles.

Inhabits Indiana.

Head white: mandibles piceous: antenne rufous, clava fuscous :
rostrum moderate: eyes distant: thorax with two fascicles of
erect hairs on the anterior edge, and three larger ones placed
transversely on the middle; elytra somewhat variegated, with
several fascicles of erect hairs on the interstitial lines; and a
white, double, common, transverse spot before the middle ; feet
hairy.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

[This is A. coronatus Sch.—LEc. ]

Subgenus PHAENITHON? Schon."

2. A. BREVICORNIS.—Antenne short; scutel and alternate
spots on the elytra, whitish.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body black-brown : head covered with prostrate whitish hair :
antenne hardly longer than the head, fuscous; thorax with a
transverse elevated subbasal line, rectilinear in the middle, ar-
quated each side, reflected at the posterior angles, and termi-
nating at the lateral middle: scutel white : elytra striated : inter-
stitial spaces convex, with alternate blackish and whitish spots ;
humerus prominent, and a prominence on the middle of the
base: feet obscure piceous.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

The tip of the club, exhibits the appearance of a fourth joint,
which however is much smaller than the others; the eyes are
emarginate. These characters justify the formation of a distinct
subgenus.

bo
o
es)

CURCULIONIDES.

ATTELABUS F. Sch.

A. PUBESCENS nob. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Vol. 5, p. 252.
A. Rhois Boheman Acta Mosqu.

RHYNCHITES Herbst. Se énh.

1. R. copnaris Fabr.—The three ultimate joints of the an-
tennze are elongated, differing in this respect from the other spe-
cies of the genus; it has been separated under the generic name
of Sapindus. -

The species varies so much in color as to have given rise to
several specific names, viz. :

Anthribus collaris Fabr. Syst. Eleut.

Ethynchites angustatus Herbst. [5]

Ehynchites rubricollis nob., Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci,* and Melsh.
Catal.

Rhynchites nigripes Melsh. ; quercus Knoch. in Melsh. Catal.

Rhynchites ruficollis Germar, Sp. Nov. p. 188.

The latter is very remarkable in having the thorax of the same
color as the elytra. Dejean in his Catalogue places the species
in the genus Rhinomacer.

[Is Hugnamptus angustatus Sch.—L«xc. ]

2. R. nirtus Fabr.

R. eneus ? Bohemann.

Doubts have been expressed of our insect being the hirtus of
Fabr., but it agrees better with the description than any. It is
also, as Fabricius says, of the stature and magnitude of R. pubes-

cens.

3. R. mraAtus.—Brassy, antenne, rostrum, and beneath, ob-
secure bluish.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Curculio xratus Knoch, in Melsh. Catalogue.

Body brassy, punctured: rostrum very slightly dilating to-
wards the tip,,with an impressed line above, from the base to the
middle: front with small punctures: thorax with dense punce-
tures: elytra with a transverse, dilated but not profound, com-

*This reference is wrong, it is described in Long’s Expedition, 2, 288 :
ante, p. 192.—Lxc. ]

264. CURCULIONIDES.

mon indentation : with striz of transverse, large punctures: be-
neath blackish-blue.

Length nearly one-tenth of an inch.

This is the smallest North American species yet known.

I have found it on the oak in June.

Genus PTEROCOLUS Sch.

Antenne 11-jointed, not geniculate; basal joint not much
elongated ; eighth joint transverse linear ; ninth and tenth trans-
verse subquadrate, dilated, and with the ultimate semioval one
remote, perfoliated, forming an oblong oval club; rostrum di-
lated at tip: head rather long behind the eyes, neck not con-
tracted ; scutel transverse subquadrate: elytra somewhat abbre-
viated ; each rounded at tip, depressed above: podex and part of
the back, naked: feet robust: thighs unarmed, dilated ; tibize un-
armed, ciliate densely on the exterior edge with very short spines,
and with small spines around the edge of the tip: body rounded.

This genus differs from Rhynchites by the rounded form of
the body; the shorter and depressed elytra, more divaricate [ 6 ]
at their tips; the rostrum is shorter and more contracted in the
middle, and the origin of the antennze is nearer the middle or
rather the base of the rostrum; the tibie are ciliated with short
spines, &e.

P. ovatus Fabr. (Attelabus) Syst. Hleut.

APION Herbst.

1. A. RosTRUM nob. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.

This may very probably prove to be A. nigrum Herbst.

Dr. J. F. Melsheimer informed me that it is found in abun-
dance on the leaves of Robinia pseud-acacia.

[This is Apion Sayi Sch.—Lec.]

2, A. SEGNIPES.—Black; feet rufous, with black incisures
and tarsi,

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, punctured with prostrate white hairs; rostrum
rather long, and very slightly angulated, slightly tapering, punc-
tured at base: antenne with three or four basal joints, rufous :
thorax with dense large punctures: elytra with punctured pro-
foundly impressed strie; feet rufous; thighs at base, coxe, tro-

CURCULIONIDES. 265

chanters and knees black ; tibiee black at tip; tarsi black with a
whitish reflection at the tip of their joints.

Length about one-tenth of an inch.

I obtained numbers of this species from the seeds of an Astra-
gulus in August. \

LAEMOSACCUS Sch.

L. puaetatus Fabr. Schonh. ; Curculio nephele Herbst.

This is a well marked insect, remarkable by the very large
fulyous mark on the disk of each elytron occupying two-thirds
of the whole surface. The tooth of the anterior thighs is very
prominent. I obtained it on the oak in July.

ow

THAMNOPHILUS Schonh.

1. T. BARBITUS.—Body rather long and narrow, blackish-
brown, with confluent punctures : rostrum punctured, cylindrical,
as long as the head and thorax, slightly broader at tip, a little
curved ; thorax with one or two slight tubercles each side before :
elytra with the striae rather wide and deep, punctured ; thighs’
with a tooth beneath.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Length to the tip of the rostrum three-tenths of an inch.

Belongs to the Subgenus Panus Schonh.

[Placed by Schénherr in Magdalinus to which also belong the
following four species.—L«c. ] [7]

2. T. otyra Herbst (Curculio) Natursyst. vol. 7, p. 7.
The scutel is white; this character was probably obliterated in
Herbst’s specimen as he has not mentioned it.

3. T. ARMICOLLIS nob. (ynchenus) Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci.
vol. 3, p. 312.

4. T. pAnDURA.—Thorax with a lateral tubercle before the
middle and on the posterior angle; tarsi piceous.

Inhabits United States.

Curculio pandura Knoch in Melsh. Catalogue.

Body black, punctured: antenne piceous: rostrum slightly
arquated : thorax with separate punctures; an angle or tubercle
each side a little before the middle, contracted before the pos-

266 CTRCULIONIDES.

terior angles, which are prominent: elytra with striz of large
punctures: tarsi rufo-piceous.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

Much like 7” olyra, but is much smaller, the lateral thoracic
tubercle is nearer the middle and scutel is black.

5. T. PALLIDUS.
with rufous.
_ Inhabits Indiana. :

Body punctured, somewhat elongate ; head densely punctured,
punctures not profound ; rostrum a little dilated towards the tip,
punctured: club ovate acute, not much elongated: thorax with
dense, irregular, not very deep punctures, a dorsal glabrous line,
und anteriorly on each side is an acute tubercle: elytra with im-
pressed striz in which are oblong punctures ; interstitial lines a
little convex and slightly rugose with a very minute series of
scales or pores, near the tip these lines are more convex, basal
edge somewhat elevated: thighs, spines acute; postpectus and
base of the abdomen dusky.

Length to tip of rostrum about three-twentieths of an inch.

The color is much paler than that of the armvicollis nob. and the
club is much shorter.

Pale yellowish; head and thorax tinged

CHLOROPHANUS Dalm.
C. AcuTus nob. (Curculio) Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. vol. 3,
p. 310.
This insect also occurs in Indiana. [8]
[Is the type of Brachystylus Sch.—Lxc.]

ITHYCERUS Schonh.

I. CURCULIONIDES Herbst.
[ have always considered the Curculio punctatulus Fabr. and

Oliv. synonymous with this, but Germar is of the opinion that it
is a different insect.

Curculio noveeboracensis Forster.

[I consider Puchyrhyncus Schinherri Kirby, Fauna Bor. Am.
203, Rhinaria Schinherri Sch. Cure. 7, 2, 369 as synonyms of
this insect.—LEc. ]

CURCULIONIDES. 267

Genus THECESTERNUS nob.

Anterior part of the pectus excavated for the reception of the
rostrum.

Natural character—Body convex, firm, unequal : rostrum
very short, thick, entire: antenne rather slender, inserted near
the middle of the rostrum, ina deep, somewhat angulated groove ;
first joint oblong turbinate, a little arquated; second and third
short, subturbinate, the latter shorter; fourth and eighth very
short, quadrate or transverse ; club rather large, of which the
basal joint (or two joints ?) is as long again as the ultimate one,
which is subacute: eyes a little oblique, somewhat acute before,
oblong subovate: thorax longitudinally somewhat quadrate: scu-
tel none: elytra connate, rigid, hardly broader at base than the
thorax, narrowed at tip and concealing the podex: pectus ante-
riorly deeply excavated to receive the rostrum : feet, anterior pairs
approximate: posterior pair distant: thighs not dilated: tibiee
with a short, thick, or double spine at tip: tarsi simple.

Obs.—I proposed this genus when describing the species, but
omitted the name. It differs from Brachycerus F., and Episus
Billb. by the pectoral excavation, general form of the body, less
robust antenne, and larger club.

T. nUMERALIS nob. (Brachycerus,) Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Vol. 5, p. 254.

[This is*the type of Lithodus Germ. Sch. Cure. 2, 420.—
LEc.

GRAPHORHINUS Sch.

1. G. vAposus.—Body dark cinereous : rostrum with a deep-
ly impressed line, on each side of the middle of which is a short
impressed line, and between the eyes is a dilated, suborbicular
indentation : thorax with large, somewhat irregular, approximate
punctures: elytra with the alternate lines more elevated, partic-
ularly towards the base ; punctures transverse. [9]

Length less than two-fifths of an inch.

Inhabits Missouri.

This insect was presented to me by Nuttall.

[Belongs to Epicaerus—LEc. ]

268 CURCULIONIDES.

2. G. OPERCULATUS.—Rostrum obsoletely truncated ; a frontal
dilated puncture.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body black, covered with minute, orbicular, perlaceous scales :
head with a dilated impressed puncture between the eyes, an ob-
solete longitudinal sulcus on the short, robust rostrum and a still
less obvious one on each side; thorax canaliculate in the middle :
elytra with series of rather large impressed punctures: thighs
with a sinus beneath near the tip.

Length over seven-twentieths of an inch.

DERACANTHUS Schonh.
Subgenus ARACANTHUS.

D? pALLIpus.—Body whitish, varied with pale brown ; rostrum
not longer than broad, with an impressed, very obvious line from
the vertex to the tip: eyes small: thorax with numerous, small
punctures’ not close set nor very regularly placed; base not un-
dulated : elytra with regular strize of punctures.

Inhabits United States.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

THYLACITES Germ.

1. T. micrors.—Body whitish : rostrum very short and broad :
eyes very small, orbicular ; front with an acute impressed line : ver-
tex and thorax a little rough with numerous slight indentations ;
seutel not obvious: elytra with their striz and punctures not
visible, suture a little elevated: feet simple.

Inhabits Missouri.

Length less than three twentieths of an inch.

[This is 7. microsus Sch.—Lxc. |

Subgenus StropHosomus Sch.
2. T. TESSELATUS nob. (Liparus) Jour. Acad. Nat Se.
CALLOPISTUS Schénh. (in litt.)

B. AURICEPHALUS nob. (Curculio) Jour. Acad. Nat. Se.
vol. 5. p. 510.

[Is Platyomus auriceps Sch.—L«Ec.]

CURCULIONIDES. 269

TANYMECUS Germ.

1. T. LACAENA.—Body a little cupreous, dull yellowish cine-
reous, densely punctured: rostrum with a raised line, tip widely
indented above: antennz blackish rufous: thorax with three ob-
solete blackish vittee; widest a little before the middle: scutel
very small, cinereous: elytra with the stria hardly impressed
at base but obviously impressed towards the tip, punctures rather
large, quadrate ; interstitial lines flattened, tip of each with a
short joint in the middle.

Length to tip of rostrum three-twentieths of an inch.

Curculio lacaena Herbst? Natursyst.

2. T. conrusus.—Much like the preceding but is destitute of
the thoracic vitte.

Length to tip of the rostrum about three-tenths of an inch.

[Appears to be 7’. confertus Sch.—LEc.]

APHRASTUS Schénh. (in litt.)
A. TAENIATUS nob. Journ. Acad. Nat. Se.
Elytra whitish, second and fourth interstitial lines light

brown. [10]

SITONA Germ.

1. S. INDIFFERENS.—Body black, rather thinly covered with
cinereous hair: rostrum short, dilated, with an indented line
which does not reach the tip: thorax cylindric with small, ir-
regular, hardly impressed punctures: elytra striate, the striz
with rather large punctures: feet obscure piceous.

Inhabits Missouri.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

In form somewhat like lineellus Gyll.

2. S. scisstrrons.—Covered with white scales; elytra with
black spots.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body entirely covered by minute scales, which on the sides of
the thorax and elytra are white, and on their middle light brown;
head obviously punctured and with a widely impressed line ex-
tending to the tip: antenne dark piceous; basal joint paler,
clavate : thorax rather short, slightly rounded each side, obviously

‘

270 CURCULIONIDES.

punctured: a much dilated brown dorsal vitta in which is a
narrow white vitta, a lateral brown vitta from the eye: elytra
with a much dilated common brownish vitta; a few blackish
spots; tibiz with a slight rufous tinge: tarsi spongy beneath :
eyes rounded.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

This much resembles the S. lineellus Gyll., but the nasal joint
is shorter, the eye smaller, the thorax shorter, Xe.

HADROMERUS Schonh.

H. niiaris.—Brown varied with cinereous: rostrum with a
deeply indented line : antenne and tarsi rufous: thorax and head
with numerous deep punctures ; the former with a dilated lateral
vitta: elytra with an oblique cinereous arquated vitta from the
humerus to the middle ; tip cinereous almost constituting a band ;
beneath with whitish scales: feet somewhat banded.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

Curculio hilaria ? Herbst. Natursyst. \

The male is smaller and the extremity of the oblique vitta is
almost insulated so as to form a small spot in the middle of each
elytra, surrounded by a dark line.

[Belongs to Pandeleterus Sch.—Lxc.]

CLEONUS Schonh.

C. tRivirratus.—Covered with cinereous hair; thorax tri-
lineate , elytra, suture and vitta on each blackish.

Inhabits Arkansaw.

Lixus trivittatus nob. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. [Wrong reference.
—LEc. |

Body black, densely covered by cinereous hair; head, a black
lateral line from the eyes to the tip of the rostrum, and a carin-
ate line above; thorax deeply and widely indented behind ; three
longitudinal regent vittze ; an abbreviated, longitudinal, sligtiily
elevated line before, scattered punctures; elytra with regular
series of profound punctures; a sutural double blackish vitta
spotted or interrupted with cinereous; and a vitta on the middle
of each elytron also spotted with cinereous; beneath with small
black spots.

Length (total) about two-fifths of an inch.

I obtained two or three specimens near the Rocky Mountains.

CURCULIONIDES. 271

HYPSONOTUS Germ.

1. H. Atrernatus.—Body piceous, nearly covered with pros-
trate brown hairs: elytra with the strize simple impressed, the
hairs upon them forming alternate whitish and brownish spots ;
amore obvious white spot near the tip of each elytron; front
and rostrum with an impressed line; thorax with the punctures
[11] large and close set, concealed by the hairs, with a longitudinal
raised line; thighs beneath near the tip emarginate.

Length less than half an inch.

Inhabits the North-west Territory.

[Belongs to Alophus.—LEc. ]

2. H. mmpricatus nob. (Liparus) Journ. Acad. Nat. Se.
[Is an Epicaerus according to Shénherr.—L«c. ]

LISTRODERES Schonh.

1. L. caupatus nob. (Rynchaenus) Journ. Acad. Nat. Se.

2. L. SQUAMIGER.—Body covered with minute brownish cine-

reous scales: rostrum with a carinate line; thorax with scattered
punctures ; not flattened; seutel yellowish or whitish, elytra with
punctured strie towards the tip concealed by the scales; the
united tip obtusely rounded ; humerus obtuse.

Length from two-fifths to half an inch.

Inhabits Arkansaw.

Much like caudatus nob., but in that species the humeral line
is carinate and acute.

ie

3. L. porcetLtus.—Body blackish rufous, with numerous
short, robust, upright hairs; rostrum broad and rather short,
with somewhat elevated lines and wide indentation at base :
thorax subcylindric: elytra with a wide impressed striz, in
which are transverse punctures ; a paler submarginal line each
side and terminal spot ; feet dull rufous.

Inhabits United States.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

4. L. sparsus.—Body dull drab color; with minute scales,
the surface with small, dense, shallow indentations; numerous
short, robust, upright hairs; rostrum robust, short; antennz
rufous: thorax somewhat rounded; scutel small, transverse :

272 CURCULIONIDES.

elytra with rather longer hairs than the thorax, with slender
punctured striz, punctures obsolete towards the tip; humerus a
little prominent, somewhat carinate; feet unarmed.

Inhabits Missouri.

Length over three-twentieths of an inch.

5. L. LINEATULUS.—Body with a dirty yellowish cinereous
covering, and with short, robust hairs; rostrum with two longi-
tudinal grooves; antenne: rufous; thorax rounded, with a trans-
verse indented anterior line anda longitudinal obsolete, impressed
one: the whole surface has a granulated appearance ; elytra with
the striz and punctures concealed by the covering, the alternate
interstitial lines prominent and distinct.

Length over one-fifth of an inch.

Very distinct from the preceding species and may be distin-
euished from them by its much smaller size. ,

BARYNOTUS Germ.

1. B. r1raipus.—Body dirty brown, with remote, robust, up-
right hairs: rostrum short, thick, transversely indented between
the eyes; thorax a little indented longitudinally; transverse, as
broad in the middle as the base of the elytra; elytra with
the strie obtuse, slightly impressed, punctured ; interstitial lines
having the hairs distant and regular.

Inhabits Connecticut.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

[ Phyxelis rigidus Sch. Cure. 7, 124.—LEc.]

2. B. ERINACEUS.—Rather slender; thorax rounded, some-
what distant from the abdomen.

Inhabits United States.

Body covered with very minute, oppressed, orbicular, dark
brown scales: rostrum robust, moderate; mandibles exerted ar-
quated simple, acute, unarmed, nearly half as long as the ros-
trum: thorax rough, the scales and their intervals exhibiting
the irregularity of a sanded surface; hairs numerous ; interval
between the thorax and abdomen widely contracted : elytra with
punctured striz and rigid equi-distant black hairs on the inter-
stitial lines ; posterior declivity nearly vertical.

Length over one-fifth of an inch. [12]

———

CURCULIONIDES. 273

The mandibles are naked and very prominent; the thorax is
rounded and its surface is rough and punctured.
[Is the type of Panscopus Sch.—Lxc. }

3. B. GRANULATUS.—Brown, thorax obtusely granulated and
with a pale vitta.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body dull brown with short raised hairs: head impressed be-
tween the eyes: thorax with very obtuse granulations, a longitu-
dinal slender impressed dorsal line ina dull yellowish vitta:
elytra a little elevated on the basal edge, strize concave, much
dilated, punctured ; punctures wide, not very deeply impressed,
interstitial lines not so wide as the striz, with hairs; suture a
little pale.

Length about one-fourth of an inch.

The surface of the thorax exhibits the appearance of obtuse
little elevated granulations and the profile view shows irregular
punctures or interrupted rugee.

LEPYRUS Germ.

L. GEMINATUS.—Body dusky : rostrum rather short : antennze
a little robust: thorax with a yellowish vitta each side: elytra
with the alternate interstitial lines light brown, a small white
spot in the middle of each.

This is the analogue of the ZL. colon F. of Europe, and so
closely allied to it as to be easily mistaken for it. But the body
is a little more robust; the rostrum is a little shorter and the an-
tenne are more robust.

A specimen was sent to me by Mr. Barabino from Louisiana,
I obtained one in Missouri.

HYLOBIUS Germ.
H. pares Herbst; Pissodes macellus Germar Sp. Nove, p. 319.

PHYTONOMUS Schonh.

P. rRivirratus.—Blackish brown with numerous scale-like
hairs.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body blackish-brown, with numerous, robust hairs almost re-
sembling scales, which are longer in three yellowish metallic,

18

274 CURCULIONIDES.

thoracic vitte of which the lateral ones are broader and termi-
nate in a spot on the humerus; the vittze and spot are pale
brownish cinereous ; antennee rufous; elytra with large costal
spots, interstitial lines obsoletely alternating with blackish and
pale brown-cinereous ; suture behind the middle also pale brown-
cinereous; thighs beneath near the tip emarginate: anterior
tibize a little incurved at tip.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

2. P. comprus.—Elytra with subquadrate, brown spots.

Inhabits United States.

Body cinereous-olivaceous, covered with small scales ; rostrum
shorter than the head and thorax, rather narrower at base : an-
tennee and feet rufous; thorax somewhat rounded, with a much
dilated, brown, somewhat metallic vitta: [13] scutel small triangu-
lar: elytra with slightly impressed, but punctured striae, inter-
stitial lines flat, with more or less numerous brown quadrate spots,
particularly near the suture, where they are alternate.

Length much over three-twentieths of an inch.

PERITELUS Germ.

1. P. cHRYSORRH#US.—Body covered with dense scales and
having sparse, short rigid, inclined hairs; thorax nearly obicu-
lar: head, the line of the eyes raised and chestnut color; elytra
paler behind, or with a very oblique brown band behind the mid-
dle; the striz simple impressed lines ; impunctured.

Length over three-twentieths of an inch.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

[A Cercopeus according to Schénherr.—Lxc. |

Subgenus AcrapHuS Schonh. [in litt.]

Scutel distinct.

2. P. peLiicus.—Body black ; rostrum short, broad, with an
impressed line at base; antennz first joint rather longer than the
others taken together, and the unarmed feet dull rufous: thorax
rather small, with a slight indented line and numerous very short
and very robust yellowish hairs: scutel minute: elytra convex ;
striz hardly impressed, but with regular series of punctures ; the
whole surface with minute, close set, hardly impressed points,
furnishing very short, yellowish, very robust hairs.

Inhabits Florida.

CURCULIONIDES.

bo
~I
or

Length nearly three-tenths of an inch.
Peritelus leucophzus of Dejean, Agraphus leuc. Schin., but I
believe it has not been described.

CYCLOMUS Sch. ;
Subgenus Opuryastres Germ.
Clava five-jointed ; eyes narrowed before.
1. C. virrarus nob. (Liparus) Jour. Acad. Nat. Se. vol. 3,
p. 316.

~~ 2. C. suLcIRosTRIS nob. (Liparus) Jour. Acad. Nat. Se. vol.
3, p- 318.

LIXUS F. Schoénh.

1. L. MARGINATUS.—Black, covered with minute cinereous
hairs; thorax impressed ; elytra, region of the scutel and middle
of the base indented.

Inhabits United States.

Body black, covered with short, minute, robust recurved hairs,
punctured ; antennz rufous, club dusky ; thorax a little convex
each side, behind the middle of the side rectilinear, a little con-
tracted before, with an indented line above, more profound near
the base; with dilated, confluent, slightly impressed punctures
not deeply sinuated at base, with regular series of punctures :
elytra region of the scutel indented subacute: abdomen dull
fulvous behind.

Length from the origin of the rostrum nearly seven-twentieths
of an inch.

The hair detains a ferruginous powder. It is found on the
lower Missouri. It also occurs in the Atlantic States. With
my first description of this species I gave it the name of impres-
sus, but in the Cureul. Dispos. Method. Schénherr quotes the
- same name for a very different and large species of 8S. America
from Sahlberg. [14]

2. L..concavus.—Base of the thorax and of the elytra witha
common dilated indentation.

TInhabits Indiana.

Thorax convex each side, much contracted before, with very
small punctures; dorsal indentation obsolete near the anterior
margin and in the middle, profound at base: elytra with regular

276 CURCULIONIDES.

punctured striae, not rugose; base with a dilated common deep
indentation equalling that of the thorax, and another smaller in-
dentation on the middle of the base: thighs unarmed.

Length over half an inch.

Common, and is the largest species that I have met with in
this country. The hair of the body detains a yellowish ferru-
ginous dust which often gives the whole insect that color. It is
smaller than the angustatus F., the thorax is much more convex
each side, the elytra are less abruptly contracted each side at
base, &c.

3. L. LATERALIS.—Thorax laterally cinereous ; elytra with a
transverse basal groove.

Inhabits Arkansaw.

Body rather slender ; head punctured between the eyes: ros-
trum but little arquated, punctured between the eyes, short:
thorax with rather large profound distant punctures on each
side, cinereous ; a dorsal indented line; sides rectilinear on the
posterior three-fourths, and rather suddenly contracted on the
anterior fourth: elytra with regular series of punctures; some-
what indented about the scutel; basal margin with a groove,
basal edge much arquated.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

4. L. muscuLus.—Thorax indented before and behind the
middle and with rather small punctures.

Inhabits Louisina.

Body black or blackish piceous, with short white hairs: head
between the eyes a little indented: rostrum slightly arquated,
punctures at its lateral base nearly as large as those of the thorax ;
thorax with rather small but dense punctures, with a large longi-
tudinal depression on the back, a little impressed and more
obvious before the middle and at the base: elytra with series of .
punctures which at tip are smaller and placed in the strie : region
of the scutel indented.

Length over seven-twentieths of an inch.

It is smaller than L. bardane F., not so densely clothed with
hairs, the elytral punctures are more obvious; the thoracic punc-
tures are a little smaller; that species has not the thoracic inden-
tations. It has the rostrum a little longer and more arquated
than in the preceding; the thorax has not such large and pro-

4

CURCULIONIDES. 277

found punctures, on the side is slightly and regularly curved, not
abruptly contracted before, Xe.

This species was sent to me by Mr. J. Barabino of New
Orleans.

PISSODES Germ.

P. stro Peck, [Rhynchxnus] Jour. Mass. Agr. Soc. Jan.1817.

P. nemorensis Germar, Species Nove, p. 318.

Dr. Harris sent me this insect as the P. strobi, or White pine
Weevil of Professor Peck, whose name having the priority must
be adopted.

ERIRHINUS Schonh.

E. Muctpus.—Body black-brown with short prostrate yellow-
ish hairs; rostrum slender, linear, arquated, punctured, much
longer than the head and thorax: antennze rufous: elytra with
rather wide, impressed, densely punctured strie; hairs arranged
in small spots. [15]

Length one-fourth of an inch.

Resembles /. vorax Gyl., but the thorax is more rounded and
the elytra have a more truncated appearance.

ANTHONOMUS Germ.

1. A. QUADRIGIBBUS.—Ferruginous ; elytra with about four
tubercles.

Inhabits United States.

Curculio quadrigibbus Melsh. Catalogue.

Body dull ferruginous ; rostrum more than half the length of
the body ; thorax with three obsolete whitish lines : pleura bilineate,
of which one is more distinct : elytra with double series of punc-
tures, the interstitial lines alternately elevated, the two inner ones
on each with two or three compressed elevations, of which the
posterior one on the inner line is more prominent: posterior de-
clivity paler: anterior thighs two-toothed, the posterior tooth
prominent.

Length (exclusive of the rostrum) less than three-twentieths of
an inch. ,

I have taken this species on the Crataegus.

2. A. MuscouLUs.—Dull rufous ; scutel and elytral spotted bands
whitish.

278 CURCULIONIDES.

Inhabits United States.

Curculio varians Melsh. Catal.

Body more or less dull rufous, or piceous, punctured: head
piceous : rostrum with elevated lines : antennz rufous : club dusky :
thorax piceous, very much crowded with punctures ; small recurved
distant whitish hairs: scutel oval white: elytra with dilated im-
pressed strize of large punctures; rufous with the edge piceous;
two or three undulated, macular, whitish bands of short hairs:
beneath piceous: feet rufous.

Length, including the rostrum, one-tenth of an inch.

Var. a. Obscure piceous, almost black ; bands obvious.

This varies eonsiderably in its depth of coloring.

Subgenus OponTopus nob.

yes approximate.

3. A. CALCEATUS.—Spine of the anterior thighs robust, den-
ticulated before.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black: antennz piceous; clava darker: thorax very
densely punctured, rather large, much narrowed before: scutel
longitudinal, oblong, sublinear: elytra with profoundly impressed,
punctured striz, interstitial lines flattened, densely punctured ;
anterior thigh with a very prominent robust tooth ; anterior to
which are small denticulations; intermediate thighs with a small
tooth ; posterior pair with the tooth obsolete; tibize, anterior pair
much arquated.

Length nearly three-twentieths of an inch.

This is not uncommon. With the form and habit of the insects
of this genus it has approximate eyes.

[This is identical with Prionomerus carbonarius Sch.—Lxc. ]

ERODISCUS Schon.

K. MYRMECODES.—Black, scutel and line on pectus and post-
pectus whitish.

Inhabits United States.

Body black, with numerous slender upright hairs; thorax very
convex above: scutel cinereous ; elytra convex with slightly im-
pressed striz, punctured: thighs clavate, emarginate and with a
large compressed tooth: tibize arquated at base: anterior pair

CURCULIONIDES. 279

mucronate at trp; pectus and postpectus with a longitudinal white
line.
Length three-twenticths of an inch. [16]
Curculio myrmex Herbst. Natursyst.
In appearance it has a slight resemblance to a Formica.
[ Otidocephalus Chevr. is an older name of this genus.—Lxc. ]

BALANINUS Germ,

1. B. prososcrpevs Fabr. (Rynchenus.) Rostrum as long again
as the body. This seems to be Curculio Daviesii Swederus in Trans-
actions of the Stockholm Society, 1787, and it is probable that
the latter name is prior to that of Fabr.

2. B. Nasicus.—Rostrum not so long as the body or hardly
longer, not thicker at base, but proceeding abruptly from the head,
| rectilinear to the middle, piceous.

It is remarkable by having the rostrum at base hardly thicker
than in the middle, in consequence of which it appears to proceed
abruptly from the head without any gradation.

It is the Curculio nucum of Melsh. Catal.

3. B. rectus.—Rostrum rectilinear or very slightly recurved
to near the tip where it curves downward : antennz very slender.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

This is distinguishable by the rectilinear or slightly recurved
rostrum.

4. B. nasutus.—Body robust: scutel elongated white.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

This species differs from proboscideus F., in being more robust
and in having the scutel longer. Schonherr has proposed the
name of rostratus for this insect, (in litt.)

TYLOMUS Schonh.

T. LINEATICOLLIS Say. [Ftynchexnus.] Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc.
vol. 3, p. 318.

Var. a. much smaller.

Length exclusive of the rostrum less than one-fifth of an inch.

It differs also considerably in the lineations of the thorax, and
the alternate elevated, interstitial lines of the elytra are less obvi-
ous and not so acutely edged. I have named it provisionally
palmicollis.

[Belongs to Rhyssematus Sch.—L«xc.]

280 CURCULIONIDES.

ORCHESTES Illig.

1. O. EpHIPPIATUS.—Blackish piceous ; elytra each with two
yellowish spots.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body blackish, more or less tinged with piceous, densely punc-
tured: base of the rostrum piceous: elytra striate punctured, a
large double yellowish hairy, somewhat common spot before the
middle and a transverse abbreviated common band of yellowish
hair behind the middle, both on a piceous surface ; feet and an-
tennee rufous.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

A very distinct species.

2. O. PALLICORNIS.—Black, antennz rufous with a black tip.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, densely punctured ; rostrum lineated and punc-
tured ; antennee dull rufous, the club darker black: thorax con-
fluently punctured: elytra with punctured striz, the interstitial
lines somewhat rough and flat: thighs with a short acute tooth.

Length one-tenth of an inch. [17]

Var. a. Tarsi piceous.

This species is very abundant.

'MADARUS Schonh.

M. unpULATUS nob. [Rynchenus] Journ. Acad. Se.
The thorax varies from sanguineous to black.

BARIDIUS Schonh.
1. B. rrrnoratus.—Covered with white hairs; a black dot
on the scutel and near the posterior angle of the thorax.
Inhabits United States.

Curculio trinotatus.
— pensylvanicus x} Melsh. Catal.

Body black, covered with rather short, robust, linear, white
prostrate hairs: thorax with the hairs pointing towards the lon-
gitudinal middle; at base on each sideis a black dot, scutel black ;
elytra with obvious striz; interstitial lines flat and each with
about three series of the short hairs.

Length three-twenticths of an inch. —

CURCULIONIDES. 281

The covering of white hairs, with the three denuded spots dis-
tinguish this species. I have obtained it in Indiana as well as in
Pennsylvania.

2. B. prcumnus Herbst. Natursyst.

Vol. 7, p. 30, pl. 99, f. 9. This is a common species. The
third joint of the antenne is hardly longer than the fourth. The
covering of hairs is more dense than in the preceding species.

[Belongs to Centrinus Sch.—L«Ec.]

3. B. PENICELLUS Herbst. Natursyst. vol. 7; p. 29, pl. 99, f.
6 F.

Much like the preceding, but larger, and the third joint of the
antenne is as long again as the fourth. JI described it under the
name of amictus, but I have little doubt that it is the species de-
scribed by Herbst. Genus JVoxerus Sch.? holosericeous Sch. Dej.

[Also a Centrinus.—LEc. ]

4. B. unputatus.—Black ; elytra with two undulations.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body black ; head with small punctures, sparse on the vertex,
more dense on the rostrum: rostrum arquated: thorax a little
compressed each side on the anterior margin: with rather large
confluent lateral punctures and smaller sparse ones on the disk :
elytra with capillary impunctured strie, becoming rather dilated -
at tip; interstitial spaces flat, with numerous transverse lines, a
dilated indentation or undulation before the middle, and rather
behind the middle, a less obvious indentation near the tip.

Length over one-fifth of an inch.

Var. a. Body dark brassy polished; undulations of the elytra
obsolete.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

The pectoral groove is very distinct, but the antenne are too
robust, and the club is too obtuse to be placed in the genus Cen-
trinus, and the fusiform club of MJadarus will not permit a refer-
ence to that genus.

5. B. srrrarus.—lInterstitial lines hardly wider than the strie,
and with a single series of punctures.

Inhabits United States.

Body black, punctured: rostrum a little prominent at the in-
sertion of the antenne on each side; more or less transversely in-

282 CURCULIONIDES.

dented between the eyes antenne dark piceous, inserted beyond
the middle of the rostrum; second joint rather long; third not
longer than the fourth; club obtuse; thorax subconic with ap-
proximate orbicular punctures and a glabrous middle line; basal
edge deeply sinuous [18 ] elytra with deep punctured striz ; in-
terstitial lines hardly broader than the strize and each with a
single series of rounded punctures : anal tip naked, densely punc-
tured: pectus slightly indented : anterior feet not very distant.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

This is the true striatus of Melsheimer’s Catalogue ; the follow-
ing species which [ formerly confounded with it, is different.

6. B. INTERSTITIALIS nob. (Rynchenus) Journ. Acad. Nat.
Se, 3, p. 314.

Much like the preceding, but the thorax is more rounded
being more abruptly contracted before and the punctures are
much smaller. The interstitial lines are broader and their punc-
tures have a transverse rugulous appearance.

7. B. TRANSVERSUS.—Thorax at the scutel obtusely lobed ;
scutel transverse.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body black, punctured: head transversely indented between
the eyes: antenne obscure piceous, inserted beyond the middle
of the rostrum; third joint but little longer than the fourth:
club ovate: thorax rather abruptly contracted before ; punctures
numerous, rather dense; middle lobe of the base very obtusely
rounded: elytra with deep, punctured strie ; interstitial lines
with close set, almost confluent punctures ; third line with more
than one series; exterior and posterior edges piceous: tibie a
little tinged with piceous: anal segment naked, punctured.

Length over one-fifth of an inch.

In the form of the thorax it resembles interstitials nob., but the
punctures are much larger, the posterior lobe is more rounded,
and the punctures of the interstitial lines are rounded.

CRYPTORHYNCHUS Illig.

1. C. ANAGLYPTICcUS.—Thorax bilineate each side ; elytra with
elevated lines; a fulvous spot on each at base.
Inhabits United States.

Jurculio anaglypticus Knoch in Melsh. Catal.

CURCULIONIDES. 283

Body blackish piceous, punctured; eyes small; antenne pice-
ous ; rostrum sulcated; thorax lobed at the eyes; subinequal,
somewhat rugose ; two whitish longitudinal lines on each side
diverging before and behind with numerous minute cinereous
hairs, and with two or three oblique uniting lines; elytra triang-
ular much wider at base than the thorax and subacute at tip, each
with four elevated acute striz, the exterior ones united at tip ;
interstitial grooves dilated, concave, with a double series of trans-
verse punctures, an oblique, fulvous, oval spot at the humeral
base, tip brown; epipleura a series of punctures, base hirsute
with a double series ; feet varied with cinereous hair ; thighs with
» robust, prominent spine beneath near the middle, and a smaller
one nearer the tip.

Length from the front to anus less than one fifth of an inch.

Found many specimens ascending a hickory tree (Juglans) in
the.fruit of which they deposit their eggs, in the latter part of
June and beginning of July.

[Belongs to Conotrachelus Sch.—LEc.]

2. C. ELEGANS.—Piceous brownish ; elytra with a paler, more
or less dilated space behind.

Inhabits United States.

Curculio elegans Melsh. Catal. °

Body dull piceous, more or less varied with brown or blackish:
rostrum sulcated, carinate, piceous : antenne rufous: thorax lobed
at the eyes; punctured ; an obsolete, oblique, cinereous line each
side proceeding to the posterior angles: elytra with four some-
what elevated, acute lines, the exterior ones uniting behind; in-
terstitial spaces wide, with double series of punctures, obsolete
behind; behind the middle is a more or less dilated common
space, narrower at the suture than on the lateral margin ; on this
spot the inner elevated [19] line is interrupted, and the line is also
depressed or interrupted towards the base; thighs two-toothed,
somewhat annulated with piceous and blackish. .

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

Var. a. Somewhat cinereous.

Var. b. Paler piceous; larger.

I have obtained this species in June on Pinus rigida. The
body is more oblong than that of anaglypticus ; the humerus is
less prominent. It occurred in New Jersey, Florida, and the

284 : CURCULIONIDES.

varieties in Missouri. Can this be C. aratus Germar? His de-
scription does not altogether agree with my specimens.

[Also a Conotrachelus.—LEc. ]

3. C. FOVEOLATUS.—Black, with large, profound punctures ;
elytra with yellowish spots.

Inhabits United States.

Curculio foveolatus Knoch in Melsh. Catal.

Body black, with dilated punctures; head with dense, small
punctures; a frontal indentation, and yellow spot; rostrum ro-
bust, moderate, arquated, punctured like the head: antennz
jointed ; first joint hardly reaching the eyes; thorax with three
small yellowish spots and one before; elytra with regular series
of large quadrate punctures; several small yellowish spots and a
large, irregular one behind: feet unarmed.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

This insect differs so essentially from the characters of, this
genus as given by Schonherr that it may be separated under the
following name and characters :—

Genus 7'yloderma.—Antenne rather short and robust, eleyen-
jointed; rostrum moderate, rather robust, arquated; pectus
grooved ; postpectus entire; thorax lobed at the eyes; tarsi
» spongy beneath : elytra covering the tip of the abdomen.

From Cryptorhynchus it is distinguished by the number of
joints in the antennz, and in this respect it agrees with Lyprus,
Tapinotus and Ulosomus Sch., but the former has the tarsi com-
pressed, and in Ulosomus the recipient groove is extended upon
the postpectus. Ihave not seen the insect which forms the
latter genus, but its characters seem to agree better with the
above described than any other.

4. C. BisigNatTus.—Elytra with an oblique whitish spot rather
before the middle. Blackish brown: body covered with small
scales, which are more erect on the thorax ; thorax extended on
the posterior middle at the scutel, and acute: elytra with about
four elevated lines and intermediate double series of punctures ;
an oblique, oval, whitish spot rather before the middle.

Inhabits Indiana.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

[ C. obliquefasciatus Sch. is the same.—LEc. ]

CURCULIONIDES. 285

5. C. posticatus nob. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci.

[Is a Conotrachelus—LkEC. |

6. C. pARocuus Herbst. ( Curculio) Natursyst.

Varies in size. I have a specimen from Missouri, of which
the length is nearly one-fourth of an inch.

The recipient groove in this species extends upon the post-
pectus and terminates between the intermediate feet.

7. C. aRGULA Fabr. (2hynchzenus) Syst. Eleut.

Curculio nenuphar Herbst. Natursyst.

R. cerasi Peck, Jour. Mass. Agr. Soc. Jany. 1819.

This also varies much in size, and depredates on the plumb
and peach and other stone fruits. My kinsman, the late excel-
lent Wm. Bartram, informed me that it also destroys the Euro-
pean Walnut in this country. [ 20}

Subgenus CAMpToRHINuS Sch.

8. C. rusuLAtTus.—Thorax tubular before; interstitial lines
with a series of dusky punctures.

Inhabits Indiana. |

Body black, punctured: rostrum rather slender, arquated ; be-
tween the eyes indented: thorax densely punctured, anteriorly
abruptly contracted so as to be almost tubular ; elytra with deeply
impressed, punctured striz ; interstitial lines flattened, and with
a series of punctures, each furnishing a recurved, whitish hair.

Length under one-fifth of an inch.

I place this small species in the present subgenus, from the
character of the eyes, which are very large, remote above and
closely approaching beneath.

CEUTORHYNCHUS Schupp.

2. C. ACEPHALUS nob. (Falciger) Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. 3,
p. 309.

The common whitish line at base of the elytra is rather less
obvious than that of C. pericarpius F.

[Belongs to Celiodes Sch.—Lec.]

2. C. creTuRA Herbst. (Curculio) Natursyst. 7, p. 70, pl. 100,
fig. 5, C.

I mentioned this species under the name of 4-spinosus in the
Journ. Acad. Nat. Se. 3, p. 310.

[Belongs to Phytobius.—LEc. |

286 CURCULIONIDES.

3. CO. TRIANGULARIS.—Thorax with two obtuse tubercles ;
elytra with a common subtriangular, whitish spot at base.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body robust, short : densely punctured : antenne bright rufous,
club blackish: rostrum with somewhat elevated lines; thorax
with dense, rather large punctures; a longitudinal indented line
in which are white hairs; an obtuse tubercle each side a little
behind the middle: elytra with deeply impressed striz, and
rather large punctures; interstitial lines transversely rugose ; at
base is a common elongated whitish triangular spot; lateral edge.
behind the humerus, white ; beneath with scale-like, white hairs:
thighs unarmed.

Length about three-twentieths of an inch.

This is longer than pericarpivs F. which it much resembles,
but the common spot is much more dilated behind and trian-
gular. .

4. ©. In=QuALIS.—Thorax 4-tuberculate, and bidentate before.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body brown, short and robust: thorax with an indented line,
which so indents the anterior edge as to exhibit two denticula-
tions in that part; each side of the middle is an obtuse rather
large tubercle, and still more lateral and a little posterior is a less
obtuse tubercle: elytra with the alternate interstitial lines more
elevated. ,

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

1 obtained many specimens resting upon a newly constructed
fence in the spring.

MONONYCHUS Schupp.

M. vuLPEcuLus Fabr. Schonh.
On the flowers of the Ceanothus americanus L. and Verbascum
thapsus L. in July.

ZYGOPS Schonh.

1. Z. QueRcus.—Body black, covered with white scales ;
rostrum a little curved [21] towards the base; front between
the eyes very narrow: elytra striated, at tip a little reflected :
thighs not obviously emarginated, nor toothed.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

CURCULIONIDES. 287

This is the Curculio quercus Melsh. Catal.
Belongs to the subgenus Copturus Sch.

2. Z. OPERCULATUS nob. (Cryptorhynchus) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Sci.

3. Z. ocuLatus nob. ( Cryptorhynchus) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.

CENTRINUS Schénh.

C. SCUTELLUM ALBUM.—Punctured ; with scales ; scutel white.

Inhabits United States.

Curculio scutellum album Knoch, in Melsh. Catal.

Body black, densely punctured, and with short pale yellowish
or whitish scales ; head minutely punctured: rostrum long, pune-
tured, with a short, impressed line at base: antenne piceous :
thorax with dense orbicular punctures covering the whole sur-
face ; the tip of the posterior middle white at the seutel: scutel
white: elytra with deeply impressed strie ; interstitial lines fiat,
broad, densely punctured: beneath with whitish metallic scales,
much more dense than on the superior surface.

Length over three-twentieths of an inch.

Var. a. Over one-fifth of an inch, the rostrum is more recti-
linear towards the tip.

Var. c. Elytra with a slight piceous tinge.

I have taken this insect in Pennsylvania, Indiana and Mis-
souri. The variety is from Arkansaw.

CIONUS Clairv.

C. scropHuULARI® Auct. My specimen is so much like the
European individuals that it can hardly be considered to vary
from them.

RHYNCHOPHORUS Herbst.

1. R. pra#porens.—Thorax with three black vitte.

Inhabits Arkansaw.

Body black, covered with dense, prostrate, cinereous hairs :
rostrum shorter than the head and thorax; thorax with three
black vittee, extended behind at the. scutel: elytra with double
series of punctures; a black vitta on the middle of each, and a
narrower subsutural one. :

Length more than three-fifths of an inch.

This is a fine insect.

288 CURCULIONIDES.

[Schénherr (8, 62) has described a Lixus praepotens Say, which
is evidently this species, he afterwards mentions Say’s description
(4, 988) as being of an unknown genus: the insect is unknown
to me, unless it should be identical with Cleonus trivittatus Say,
Cure. 10, (ante 270); the size given is different, but this is
hardly sufficient to warrant us in continuing them as distinct.—
Lec. |

2. R. INTERSTITIALIS.—Thorax nearly as long as the elytra :
interstitial lines with a series of punctures.

Inhabits United States.

Body black brown, with large punctures: rostrum linear, a lit-
tle curved, punctures large at base, smaller at tip; base grooved
above; head punctured, small; antennee rufous: thorax almost as
long as the elytra, with double series of punctures; interstitial
lines not rounded, and with a series of small punctures: thighs
unarmed ; tibize with hair inside, and mucronate at tip.

[This and all the following species belong to Sphenophorus
Sch.—Lec.]

3. R. PERTINAX.—Thorax with three vitte ; elytra regularly
striate.

Inhabits Florida.

Calandra pertinax Olivier, Ins. ; Schénh.

Body black, more or less covered with a dense, dull yellowish
crust: rostrum arquated compressed: with an elongated groove
at base, above attenuated [22] at the tip; thorax particularly
covered with the crust, which is punctured, leaving only three
elevated, impunctured vitts, of which the intermediate one is
wider before the middle and the lateral ones behind the middle:
elytra with slender, acute strize, in which are very small punc-
tures ; interstitial lines equal, regular, a little convex.

Length nearly eleven-twentieths of an inch.

4. R. trruncATUs.—Thorax with three vitte; elytra with the
alternate interstitial lines more obvious.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body black, partially covered with a dirty cinereous crust ;
punctured: rostrum arquated, compressed, with an elongated
groove at base above, attenuated at tip: thorax with three ele-
vated, punctured vitte, of which the intermediate one is dilated

CURCULIONIDES. 289

suboyal before the middle, and the lateral ones have an obvious
branch extending to the posterior angles ; elytra almost truncate
behind ; strie numerous ; interstitial lines slightly punctured, the
alternate ones more obvious; two or three strie between the in-
terstitial lines.

Length half an inch.

Much like R. pertinax, but the broader thoracic vitte, the
more numerous striz, unequal interstitial lines and almost trun-
cated elytra distinguish it.

5. R. crcarricosus.—Thorax with three vitte; elytra with
an elevated line and obsolete dilated indentations.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body black, partially covered with a cinereous crust or pelli-
cle ; rostrum arquated, compressed, with a slight groove at base
above; thorax with three elevated, dilated, irregular impunc-
tured vittee, the lateral ones have an obvious branch extend-
ing to the posterior angles: elytra with numerous striz a more
obvious, elevated, subsutural, impunctured, interstitial line; nu-
merous dilated, obsolete dots or slight undulations.

Length nearly nine-twentieths of an inch.

Resembles the preceding as respects the number of striz of
the elytra, but their surface is rendered a little irregular by in-
dented dots or undulations which are obsolete ; the thoracic vitte
are a little truncated at tip.

6. R. venatus.—Thorax trilineate, and with discoidal punc-
tures; elytra with capillary strie ; surface a little inequal.

Inhabits United States.

Body black opake, more or less, and particularly the thorax,
covered with a dull cinereous deposite ; rostrum with discoidal
punctures at base; compressed, a little arquated; a dilated im-
pressed line at base above; thorax with discoidal, equal punc-
tures; trilineate, the intermediate line slender, the lateral ones
undulated, a little broader, punctured: elytra with distinct, acute
strix, punctures large but not profound, obsolete, excepting each
side and at base; interstitial lines alternately and very slightly
more prominent; surface slightly inequal.

Length over three-tenths of an inch.

Smaller than the preceding species, and the thoracic elevated
lines are much more slender.

19

290 CURCULIONIDES.

7. R. recrus.—Thorax with three abbreviated raised lines,
and dense discoidal punctures; elytra with series of punctures.

Inhabits United States.

Body black, opake, covered with a dull cinereous coating ;
rostrum compressed, arquated, punctured at base, and with a di-
lated, impressed line at base above; antenne piceous: thorax
with close set, discoidal punctures ; three elevated lines or narrow
vittee, of which the intermediate one is abbreviated into an irre-
gular spot before the middle, or almost obliterated by the pune-
tures behind, the lateral ones are rectilinear, a little oblique and
obliterated before by [23] the punctures: scutel polished ; elytra
with regular series of rather large punctures, the four interstitial
lines next the suture, on each, more elevated than those of the
middle.

Length about three-tenths of an inch.

In comparison with 2. venatus the thorax is much more densely
punctured, and the lateral vittae are rectilinear.

8. R. rwmunts.—Naked; thorax profoundly punctured, ex-
cepting on the middle and each side of the middle.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body black, slightly polished, not covered by any deposite :
rostrum compressed, arquated, with minute punctures at base,
and a profound impressed line at base above: antenne piceous :
thorax with numerous profound punctures ; a broad impunctured,
longitudinal, hardly raised space each side of the middle, extend-
ing to the anterior and posterior margins, and a transverse im-
punctured space before the middle : scutel polished: elytra with
regular, somewhat double series of punctures; interstitial lines
regular, convex, alternately a little wider, and wider than the
diameter of the punctures.

Length over three-tenths of an inch.

The raised surfaces of the thorax on each side of the middle,
and a little before the middle, are but little elevated, impunc-
tured; the thoracic punctures are profound and not dilated,
particularly a little group on the middle of the anterior margin,
and a more extensive double one behind the middle.

9, R. puactpus.—Thorax densely punctured; elytra with
punctured stria ; feet dull rufous.

Inhabits United States.

CURCULIONIDES. 291

Body black, punctured: rostrum arquated, compressed, pice-
ous towards the base; with an impressed, punctured line; an-
tenn piceous: thorax with dense punctures, destitute of obvi-
ous elevations: scutel concave, polished: elytra with series of
punctures rather wider or as wide as the interstitial lines, which
also have a series of small punctures; tip dull piceous: feet
rufous, with black incisures.

Length about three-tenths of an inch.

‘In general shape it resembles 2. ‘mmunis nob., but the thorax
has not very obvious elevations and is more generally punctured ;
the punctures of the elytral series are larger and the interstitial
lines have a series of small punetures; the feet also are rufous.

10. R. INAEQUALIS.—Thorax with numerous discoidal punc-
tures ; elytra with the punctures in the series remote.

Inhabits United States.

Body black, more or less covered with a dirty brown pigment
or crust, punctured: rostrum moderate, compressed, arquated,
with an impressed line at base; thorax with discoidal punctures
and from one to three slight elevations: elytra with obvious
striz, in which are remote punctures ; interstitial lines with ob-
long, longitudinal punctures; sutural line with a series of small
close set punctures.

Length nearly one-fourth of an inch.

The elytral punctures are remote in the strize, and those of the
interstitial lines are much elongated.

11. R. compressirostris nob. (Calandra) Journ. Acad. Nat.
; Se. 1823. Amer. Ent vol. 1, pl. 9.
Gemar, Coleopt. Sp. Nov. 1824. [ 24]

COSSONUS Clairv.

1. C. corticoLaA.—Black ; thorax impressed behind; rostrum
with an indented line between the eyes, and another on the mid-
dle of the rostrum.

Inhabits United States.

Curculio corticola Melsh. Catal.

Body deep black, immaculate, punctured; head, punctures
minute and remote upon the vertex and becoming larger and
more dense towards the tip of the rostrum; a profoundly in-
dented dilated line between the eyes; rostrum dilated towards

292 CURCULIONIDES.

the tip, piceous: thorax with a transverse obtusely indented li
on the anterior submargin; punctures large separate profow
orbicular, minute upon the anterior margin and confluent u
the posterior and lateral margins: middle of the base widely
dented and with a carinate line in the indentation: elytra
foundly striate, strie with large profound transverse puncture

Length, base of rostrum to tip of elytra more than three-tw
tieths of an inch.

A species equally common in Missouri and Pennsylvania. I
have observed it to inhabit in considerable numbers under the
loose bark of yellow Pine trees in October.

2. C. PLATALEA.—Thorax impressed behind; rostrum pune-
tured ; thorax rather short.

Inhabits United States.

Head punctured, a ‘little indented transversely between the
eyes ; rostrum dilated towards the tip, punctured: antenne pice-
ous; thorax with the punctures not very profound, distant, irre-
gular; a basal indentation, with a slight, obtuse carina in the
middle of the indentation: rather short, much rounded on the
sides; elytra, strie with large punctures; tarsi obscure piceous.

Length nearly one-fourth of an inch.

The thorax is proportionally shorter than that of the corticola,
the punctures are less deeply impressed, and the rostrum is not
obviously indented longitudinally. It varies in having the tibie
obscure piceous.

DRYOPHTHORUS Schupp.

D. corticatis.—Thorax with dilated punctures; elytra with
dilated striz.

This is so much like D. lymexylon Fabr. that it is considered
the same : but on comparing with my European specimens, I find
it smaller and the punctures of the head are obsolete, whereas in
the European specimens they are large and obvious. This is the
Curculio corticalis Payk. of Melsh. Catalogue. [25]

CURCULIONIDES. 293

SUPPLEMENT.
ERIRHINUS Sch.

. EPHIPPIATUS.—Body yellowish-rufous, with numerous pros-
hairs: thorax with a slightly indented, longitudinal line :
elytra with rather wide impressed striz, containing large pune-
tures; near the base a common transverse black spot, connected
along the suture with another transverse, triangular black spot :
beneath, excepting the feet, dusky: thighs unarmed.

Inhabits Indiana.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

2. E. rurus.—Body pale rufous, with numerous, oblong,
) whitish prostrate scales: rostrum longer than the head and tho-
| rax, arquated, linear: elytra with impressed striz: suture, near
the scutel, indented: scutel not very obvious.

| Inhabits Missouri.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

ANTHONOMUS Germ.

1. A. ERYTHOPTERUS.—Body black-brown : rostrum very slight-
ly curved, as long as the head and thorax, thickly punctured :
antenne rufous: head not obviously punctured with white, pros-
trate hair beneath ; a puncture rather above the line of the eyes :
thorax densely punctured: scutel with prostrate white hair,
rounded : elytra beyond the middle and excepting at the suture,
dull rufous ; with impressed punctured strize ; and with scattered
rather short hairs each side: stethidium with prostrate, white
hair.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

Curculio erythropterus Melsh. Catal.

Mr. Schonherr informs me that Dejean has given to this spe-
cies the name of suturalis.

2. A. siGNaTus.—Body with numerous, prostrate, white
hairs: rostrum longer than the head and thorax, slightly arqua-
ted, linear, lineated: scutel oval; elytra sanguineous, with pune-
tured, impressed striee ; region of the scutel to the middle of the

294 CURCULIONIDES.

suture, and band of three large, unequal spots behind the middle,
brown.

Inhabits United States.

Length less than one-tenth of an inch. [ 26}

I adopt the name proposed by Schénherr, in preference to
that of sanguinipennis, under which I described it.

.
BALANINUS Germ.

B. consrrierus nob. (Rhynchenus) Journ. Acad. Nat. Se.
vol. 3, p. 313.

[Belongs to Hrirhinus.— Lec.]

TYCHIUS Germ. Sch.

1. T. arATuUS.—Body entirely covered with pale olivaceous,
dense, elongated or rounded scales: rostrum as long as the head
‘and linear; scales like robust hairs; transversely indented over
the insertion of the antennz; a longitudinal impressed line ; tip
naked, rufous: thorax with the hair-like scales converging back-
wards to the dorsal line: elytra with indented striz, punctures
are not visible; with densely imbricated, rounded scales : middle
of the interstitial lines with a series of prostrate scale-like hairs :
thighs unarmed, emarginate.

Inhabits Missouri.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

Can this be C. penicellus Herbst ?

2. T. AMOENUS.—Body dark brownish, with minute scales ;
rostrum somewhat arquated, as long as the head and thorax, dull
rufous : thorax narrowed considerably before ; base not undulated ,
elytra varied with whitish: feet unarmed, dull rufous: tarsi
black.

Inhabits United States.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

BARIDIUS Sch.

1. B. nrarinus.—Body black, densely punetured : rostrum
arquated, linear; as long as the head and thorax; thorax with
rather large, dense punctures, dilated and rounded at the scutel ;
scutel as wide as long, rounded behind: elytra with impressed,
narrow, punctured striz, and much broader flat interstitial lines,
on which are regular, dilated, transverse punctures.

CURCULIONIDES. 295

Inhabits Pennsylvania.
— Curculio nigrinus Melsh. Catal.
Length one-tenth of an inch.

2. B. INTERSTITIALIS nob. (hynchenus) Jour. Acad. Nat.
Se. vol. 3, p. 314.

3. B. scoLopax.—Body dark chestnut: rostrum longer than
the head and thorax, slightly curved, linear: thorax conic, with
small, numerous punctures: elytra deeply impressed, [ 27 ] not
obviously punctured, a little shorter than the abdomen.

Inhabits Missouri.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

4. B. AcuTrpENNIS.—Body brassy, highly polished, punc-
tured : rostrum as long as the head and thorax, arquated, linear :
thorax, punctures profound but not close set; base undulated ;
elytra with acute, deeply impressed, impunctured strive, which,
on the posterior declivity are dilated so as to make the intersti-
tial lines acute, and elevated; tip of the elytra on the middle
with an elevated, acute tooth.

Inhabits Mexico.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

CRYPTORHYNCHUS ITllig.

1. C. RETENTUS.—Body covered by very short, dense, pros-
trate hair; rostrum longer than the head and thorax; a little
arquated, punctured and on the sides lineated : thorax with two
whitish undulated vittee: scutel orbicular: elytra with four
elevated, acute, interrupted lines, between which are double
series of impressed punctures: elevated lines obsolete on the
depressed tip: thighs emarginate towards the tip and bidentate.

Tnhabits Mississippi.

Length less than three-tenths of an inch.

It seems to be related to C. obtentus Herbst?

[Belongs to Conotrachelus Sch.—Lzc. ]

2. C. LINEATICOLLIS nob. (yncheenus) Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc.
vol. 3, p. 813.—As this has evidently the pectoral groove it can-
not belong to the genus 7'y/omus, the anterior feet also are dis-
tant.

3. C. PALMACOLLIS.—Thorax with numerous small grooves.

296 CURCULIONIDES.

Inhabits United States.

Rostrum longer than the head and thorax, with elevated lines:
antenne sanguineous: thorax with numerous small grooves con-
verging at the dorsal line: elytra with double series of large
punctures, the intervening lines elevated, acute: thighs with an
acute tooth.

Inhabits United States.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

Allied to Lineaticollis N., but the punctures of the elytra [28]
are larger; body smaller.

[Vide ante, p. 279.—LEc.]

4. ©. crIBRICOLLIS.—Body black; with numerous, very short
hairs: rostrum as long as the head and thorax, transversely im-
dented between the eyes: antenne rufous: thorax much nar-
rower before; the whole surface covered by large concave punc-
tures, without any very flat space between them: elytra much
wider than the thorax, with rather wide, impressed strize, in which
are close set punctures.

Inhabits Mississippi.

Length nearly three-twentieths of an inch.

[Is a Conotrachelus——Lx¢. |

5. ©. oBLIQUUS.—Body covered with orbicular scales, which
are dusky, black and white: thorax with three distinct black
dots, placed transversely : scutel small, black: elytra triangular ;
region of the scutel, extending from the humerus to the suture,
dusky, in which are about two black spots; then a very oblique
cinereous band; then a dusky band on the middle ; then a cine-
reous band ; tip dusky ; with punctured striz.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Length less than one-fourth of an inch.

Schénherr informs me that Dejean has given the name of
umbrosus to this species, [and it is so described in his work 4,
116.—L«c.]

6. C. FERRATUS.—Body black, with minute, orbicular scales :
thorax confluently punctured: rostrum not quite as long as the
head and thorax, cylindric, hardly arquated: elytra striate, not
visibly punctured, with numerous, yellowish-brown, small, un-

CURCULIONIDES. 297

equal spots ; interstitial lines rounded, somewhat unequally
elevated.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

BAGOUS Germ.

1. B. MAMILLATUS.—Cinereous ; elytra tuberculate.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body cinereous: elytra, each with two tubercles behind the
middle, placed obliquely, a smaller one on the middle and the
humerus with a small tubercle: thighs clavate: tibie much ar-
quated towards the tip, and at tip acute, with [29] rather long,
rigid hair on their inner side.

Length nearly three-twentieths of an inch.

2. B. simpLEX.—Covered with dusky, somewhat olivaceous,
orbicular scales: rostrum shorter than the head and thorax:
thorax with a slight appearance of an impressed band on the
middle ?; elytra with an impressed strie; punctures not visible ;
strize obsolete on the posterior declivity, excepting the two exte-
rior ones; humerus rather prominent: tibiz, intermediate pair
more arquated.

Inhabits United States.

Length over one-tenth of an inch.

Schénherr informs me that Dejean has given the name of
egenus to this species.

3. B. mrEuSs.—Body dull brassy : rostrum short, thick: thorax
not obviously punctured above, lateral punctures not deeply im-
pressed : scutel distinct: elytra with strize of punctures at base,
none beyond the middle: feet rufous: thighs slender.

Inhabits United States.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

Schénherr has separated this species under the generic name
of Analcis. Dejean proposed for it the specific name of xreus, I
formerly described it under the name of semipunctatus.

TYLODES Sch.
Subgenus ACALLES Sch.

T. chavatus.—Body brown, covered with ‘short, upright,
clavate bristles: rostrum moderate, arquated: thorax with the

298 CURCULIONIDES.

punctures visible: elytra with striz of punctures, the clavate
bristles on the interstitial lines.

Inhabits Florida.

Length nearly one-tenth of an inch.

CEUTORHYNCHUS Schiipp.

C. curtus.—Body short, robust, blackish: rostrum as long as
the thorax, arquated, cylindrical: thorax narrowed before, with
rather ‘large numerous, impressed punctures ; a transverse, im-
pressed line on the anterior margin ; and a longitudinal, impressed
line, more obvious at base; each side rather behind the middle
is a smaller, subacute tubercle: [30] elytra, region of the scutel
impressed ; striz profound and as wide as the interstitial lines :
thighs rather slender, unarmed.

Inhabits United States.

Length less than one-tenth of an inch.

[is a Coeliodes—Lxc. ]

CLEOGONUS Sch.

C. SEDENTARIUS.—Body with minute scales, of a blackish or
dusky color, but with a few irregular, small, whitish patches, of
which the largest is on the posterior declivity of the elytra, ex-
tending by two branches to the tip: thorax with rather large
punctures: scutel small, rounded, white: elytra, strize hardly im-
pressed, with very large, not close set, longitudinal punctures :
thighs with a white annulus near the tip: tarsi with silvery hairs,
sericeous.

Inhabits Florida.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

[ Placed by Schoénherr in Pseudomus.—LEc. ]

COSSONUS Clairv.

~ C. MULTIFORUS.—Body blackish-chestnut : rostrum moderate,
rather robust, a little arquated, with large punctures, and with
the antennz, rufous : thorax long, with very large, crowded punc-
tures: elytra with a strie of large punctures, wider than the in-
-terstitial lines: feet simple, rufous.
Inhabits Mexico.
Length over one-tenth of an inch.

CURCULIONIDES. 299

RHYNCHOLUS Creutz. Sch.

©. LATINASUS.— Body glabrous, blackish chestnut: rostrum
broad, short, a little narrower in the middle, confluently punc-
tured: thorax with numerous, profound and not very dense
punctures ; somewhat depressed ; sides regularly arquated ; elytra,
striae about equal to the interstitial lines, impressed ; punctures
regular, profound, dense: thighs abruptly clavate, unarmed.

Inhabits Florida.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

300 INSECTS OF LOUISIANA.

New species of North American Insects, found by Joseph Barabi 10, chiefly
in Louisiana.

New Harmony, Indiana, January, 1832.

COLEOPTERA.

° BUPRESTIS Linn.

B. THUREURA.—Scutel transversely elongated.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body brassy greenish, with dilated, unequal, impressed punc-
tures: vertex with an acute, longitudinal, impressed line : antennz
green: thorax with the punctures more confluent each side, and
a longitudinal, glabrous line: scutel transversely elongated, sub-
bilobate: elytra with punctured striae; interstitial lines irregu-
larly punctured and with unequal and irregular glabrous spaces :
edge not obviously serrate; tip with a narrow subemarginate
truncation : beneath cupreous, anal segment emarginate.

Length less than four-fifths of an inch.

The breadth of the scutel is considerably more than double its
length. It resembles durida F. (which is corrosa Dej.) but the
extraordinary latitude of the scutel distinguishes it; that species
has also bidentate elytra, and a tridentate anal segment.

[Belongs to Poecilonota.—LEc. ]

DERMESTES Fabr.

D. nupiILUs.—Thorax with ferruginous hair and black dots ;
elytra clouded with gray and black.

Inhabits United States.

Body black, with dense, short hair; head, hair mixed ferrugin-
ous and gray: antenne rufous: thorax, hair mixed [4] ferru-
ginous and gray, with numerous, orbicular, black dots, rather
larger behind and less orbicular: elytra marbled with grayish
or cinereous hairs; beneath densely covered on the postpectus
and venter with prostrate white hair: a small black spot each
side of the former and a lateral one on each ventral segment :
feet dusky, an undulated whitish band on the thighs.

Length about three-tenths of an inch.

This is one of our two species that are referred to the murinus
F. My European specimens of that species are much mutilated,

'
INSECTS OF LOUISIANA. 301

but the puncture upon the middle of each of the two posterior
ventral segments is very obvious, and does not exist in the pre-
sent insect. I have found it in Florida and Pennsylvania. Dr.
Pickering sent me an individual from Salem, Massachusetts. It
resembles marmoratus nob., which is a much larger insect and
has the two ventral punctures like murinus but smaller.

[The ventral punctures mentioned are not specific but sexual
characters.—LEc. ]

ATEUCHUS Fabr.

A. nuMEcTUSs.—Blue-black, glabrous, impunctured; elytra
with minute striz.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body black with a decided tinge of blue or violaceous, impunc-
tured, glabrous, polished: head simple, bidentate at tip: antennz
cinereous-black, dull ferruginous at base: thorax simple, rather
convex: elytra somewhat convex, striz# acute but remarkably
slender and slightly impressed, not visible to the unassisted
eye. [5]

Length nine-twentieths of an inch.

Much smaller than volvens Fabr., which it resembles much in
the form of the head, but the present species is polished and
entirely impunctured.

[Belongs to Canthon.—L«Ec. ]

TROX Fabr.

T. ZQUALIS.—Elytra simply striate, the interstitial spaces con-
vex with ferruginous fascicles.

Inhabits United States.

Body brown-black, punctured: palpi and antenne rufous:
thorax not deeply impressed along the middle: elytra regularly
and simply striated: interstitial lines equal, a little convex, with
oblong fascicles of ferruginous hair; feet black-piceous.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

This species inhabits various parts of the Union, and I re-
ceived a specimen several years since, from Dr. Melsheimer, un-
der the name I have adopted. It resembles arenarius F. of
which however the alternate interstitial lines are more elevated.

302 INSECTS OF LOUISIANA.

LAMIA Fabr.

L. crypra.—Clothed with dark ferruginous, prostrate hair.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body densely covered with short, prostrate, dark reddish fer-
ruginous hair, concealing the punctures: antennz not longer
than the body, joints gradually diminishing in [6] length, eleven
in number, the terminal ones with a gray basal annulus: thorax
with the anterior and posterior diameters equal, with a tubercle,
or short, obtuse, spine each side: elytra with the slight punctured
series almost concealed by the hair; a sutural strize obliterated
at base, but passing around the tip and uniting with a stria on
the exterior margin, which reaches the base ; tip rounded.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

I have seen no other specimen than the individual sent me by
Mr. Barabino.

[It belongs to the genus Stenosoma Muls., and was described
by Haldeman as Ataxia sordida, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 10, 56.—
LEc. ]

ALTICA F. [Lliger.]

1. A. Exapra.—Dark-green; thorax with a transverse line ;
feet tinged with piceous.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body oblong-oval, dark-green, sometimes with a tinge of blue :
head not obviously punctured: antenne tinged with piceous,
particularly at base: mouth somewhat piceous: thorax not ob-
viously punctured, with a tinge of brassy, narrower than the
elytra, a little indented each side before the middle, and on the
posterior submargin an indented, obtuse line, not very profound,
extending each side to the lateral margin where it curvés ante-
riorly and is lost in the depressed edge: scutel somewhat violace-
ous: elytra, distinctly punctured on the basal half; and having
a slight brassy tinge: beneath greenish-black, more or less, but
always slightly, tinged with brassy : tibiz and tarsi a little tinged
with piceous.

Length three-twentieths of an inch. [7]

In comparison with the chalybea Illig. this is smaller and more
slender ; the color more greenish, though equally dark; the tho-

INSECTS OF LOUISIANA. 3038

rax is narrower in proportion to the width of the elytra, and the
impressed line is much less profound.

2. A. OcREATA.—Pale honey-yellow ; antenn@, tibiae and tarsi
black.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body pale honey-yellow; antenne, excepting the first and
second joints, black; thorax on the posterior submargin having a
transverse groove, which does not reach the lateral margin, but
at its extremities it is abruptly reflected to the posterior edge ;
elytra destitute of strie; feet with the knees, tibia, and tarsi
black.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

Many species have the groove on the posterior submargin of
the thorax, such as ignita lig. helwines Fabr., &c. but in the
present species this groove, at each of its extremities, is abruptly
turned backward and terminates at the posterior edge of the tho-
rax.

HEMIPTERA.

PENTATOMA Oliv.

1. P. BrrtpA.—Metasternum elevated and bifid at the tips.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body oval, pale ochre-yellow, with the impressed punctures
dusky : head very short, wide and obtuse : antennze, second joint
rather larger than the third ; last joint rather [8] longer than the
penultimate: thorax, posterior angles rounded, not prominent ;
punctures distinct, very obvious ; an impressed submarginal an-
terior line, curving backward towards the posterior angles, and
another near the edge of the anterior emargination : scutel, punc-
tures remote ; white at tip; hemelytra, punctures nearer to each
other #tergum brownish, margin paler : beneath paler than above ;
intermediate and posterior pairs of feet widely separated trans-
versely by the metasternum (Kirby) which is more prominent
than the coxe, impunctured, bifarious at each extremity, ante-
riorly terminating midway between the anterior and intermediate
feet and receiving the extremity of the very short promuscis, pos-
teriorly receiving the prominent point of the epigastrium : venter
with an obtuse slightly elevated carina. ,

Length over two-fifths of an inch.

304 INSECTS OF LOUISIANA.

The species in which this character of the elevated metasternum
occurs, and in which the tarsi have the usual number of joints,
may be distinguished as a subgenus under the name of Asera.

[Belongs to dessa, and is probably one of the Mexican species
described by the older authors.—UH Er. ]

2. P. TENEBROSA.—Blackish ; antenne and feet varied with
white.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body densely punctured, blackish: head narrow, long, acute
at the tip: eyes prominent: antennz, second and third joints
equal ; all the joints white at their bases excepting the first: ros-
trum yellowish, terminating between the posterior feet: thorax
with prominent, acute spines at the posterior angles, inclined a
little forwards; elevated behind, anterior angles somewhat trun-
cate, not reaching [9] the eyes, lateral edge simple: scutel with a
few, obsolete yellow points; tip yellowish ; hemelytra with afew
obsolete, yellow points: feet yellowish; tip of the thighs and
points on the tibize and on the tarsi black.

Length nearly half an inch.

PENTATOMA.

P. HILARIS.—Green ; tips of the three last joints of the an-
tennze blackish or rufous.

Inhabits United States.

Body bright green, punctures very numerous and dense ; edges
of the head, thorax, hemelytra and abdomen white, yellowish, or
rufous : antennze, second and third joints, subequal, the latter
longer, third and following black or rufous at their tips: thorax,
lateral edge rectilinear from the anterior angle to the posterior
rounded angle: abdomen on the edge with a black point at each
incisure : rostrum terminating between the posterior feet.

Length from half an inch to more than three-fifths.

It inhabits various parts of the Union. Nuttall gave me two
individuals which he obtained in Misssouri ; Mr. Oemler sent me
one from Georgia, that varies in being somewhat shorter and
more robust than the others; Mr. Barabino sent me two, and I
have also found them abundantly in this State. A label attached
to one in my cabinet says “like pensylvanica Beauy. pl. 11, but
not the same. I have not present at access to Beauvois’ work.

Sexes alike. [10]

INSECTS OF LOUISIANA. 305

[Nezara pennsylvanica Beauv. (1805) pl. 11, fig. 5: Rhaphi-
gaster sarpinus Dallas, Brit. Mus. Cat. Hemipt. (1851) part 1,
276.—UBLER. |

RHINUCHUS Kirby.

1. R. Nasutus.—Posterior tibia, in all their length, dilated
and compressed.

Inhabits Georgia, Florida and Louisiana.

Body fuscous: head with a projecting spiniform termination :
antennze reddish brown ; basal joint as long as the second, fuscous ;
terminal joint longer than the penultimate, yellowish: thorax
with small, elevated dots ; lateral angles more or less prominent :
hemelytra, membranaceous part blackish: tergum on the lateral
margin with a short whitish line at the incisures: thighs spinous
beneath, posterior pair much thickened: tibize yellowish ; poste-
rior pair fuscous, dilated and compressed in their whole length ;
inner edge minutely denticulate ; exterior edge very obtusely a
little undulated : width decreasing to the tip.

Length one inch.

A large species. One of the spines of the posterior thighs is
sometimes much more prominent than the others. I received
several specimens from Mr. Oemler of Savannah, and I obtained
one in Florida besides these sent me by Mr. Barabino from
Louisiana.

The posterior tibiae are much more slender at tip than those of
compressipes F.

2. R. pectrvis.—Thorax dilated at the posterior angles; be-
neath whitish sericeous.

Inhabits Georgia and Louisiana.

Body dark brown: head with an acute or spinous tip: antennz
dark ferruginous, terminal joint paler : thorax [11] much elevated
behind; the anterior declivity being almost vertical and sericeous
with very short, whitish hairs; numerous, small, distant tuber-
cles; lateral edge with short, thick spines; posterior angles
dilated, subacute at tip: scutel with a marginal impressed line
and dull whitish tip: beneath whitish sericeous: feet black,
fuscous ; thighs with four or five spines beyond the middle, pos-
terior pair not greatly dilated ; posterior tibize dilated their whole
length, more prominent towards the exterior base.

Length one inch and one-fifth.

20

306 INSECTS OF LOUISIANA.

A large species. The posterior tibize have considerable resem-
blance to Drury’s figure of those of compressipes F., but the pos-
terior angles of the thorax are much more dilated.

REDUVIUS Fabr.

R. pECTORALIS.—A complicated spine beneath the eye, and
a projecting spine on each side of the pectus before.

Inhabits Indiana, Florida and Louisiana.

Body dark cinereous: head spinous beneath, canaliculate
behind: antenne, first joint more robust; second joint a little
longer; third shortest; fourth nearly as long as the third; be-
neath the eye a branched spine, behind which is a smaller one:
base of the head with four tubercles above, and spines each side ;
rostrum, first joint mnch longest; thorax with impressed lines,
somewhat canaliculate ; pectus before with two parallel, promi-
nent, somewhat arquated spines extending on each side of the
tip of the rostrum ; anterior pair of feet a little more robust:
[12] thighs obsoletely spotted and lineated : tibiae annulated : pos-
terior feet much longest.

Length less than half an inch.

When at rest the first joint of the antenn is porrect, and the
remaining joints inflected.

ZELUS Fabr.

Z. BILOBUS.—Yellowish ; thoracic spot, feet and base and tip
of the hemelytra black.

Inhabits Georgia and Louisiana.

Body yellowish, more or less tinged with fulvous : elongated :
head elongated, immaculate : antennze : rostrum piceous
on the second and third joints: thorax bilobate: anterior lobe
convex, with a longitudinal impressed line; posterior portion
with a black disk ; hemelytra black, with a yellowish band on the
tip of the corium, and humerus yellowish : feet black, long: post-
pectus with a blackish spot over the intermediate feet : coxae and
trochanters yellowish.

Length over seven-tenths of an inch.

This insect was sent to me by Oemler of Savannah, and by
Mr. Barabino of Louisiana.

It is a little like tawrus Fabr., but is much larger and unarmed.

INSECTS OF LOUISIANA. 307

PETALOCHIRUS Beauv.

P. BiguTTATUS.—Hemelytra with a yellow spot beyond the
middle and another at base.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body black: antennze brown: promuscis and feet dull honey
yellow : scutel at tip extending into an obtuse spine: hemelytra,
around the tip of the scutel a yellow spot, and an orbicular
one on each beyond the middle: abdomen yellowish on the
margin.

Length seven-tenths of an inch.

A fine insect, readily known by the two yellow spots on the
hemelytra. The disk which occupies the extremity of the ante-
rior tibiee, in this species is not confined to the extremity, but ex-
tends up the inner side of the tibize, nor is its limit so definite as
in some other species.

[Belongs to Pirates, and is P. mutillarius Fabr. Syst. Rhyng.
280: Herrich Schiffer, 8, pl. 269, fig. 829-——UnurEr.]

TETTIGONIA Latr.

T. coaguLATA.—Head and thorax irrorate with dull yellow-
ish ; anterior tibizw subclavate.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body dusky, brownish: head depressed above, rather longer
than the width between the eyes, rounded before and bounded
by an obtuse edge; not gibbous beneath; obsoletely irrorate
with dull yellowish : thorax obsoletely irrorate with dull yellow-
ish, which on the scutel is still more obscure: hemelytra sub-
hyaline, immaculate, somewhat tinged with bluish towards the
tip: tergum blue-black, with a yellow lateral margin, broader
towards the [14] base: pleura dusky, irrorate with dull yellow-
ish: pectus yellowish: feet yellowish, more or less reticulate
with blackish on the thighs; anterior tibie gradually a little
dilated to the tip and with their tarsi dusky; intermediate tibize
with a black line ; posterior tibiz with the obtuse spines of the
exterior side black, giving a regular series of black points: venter
yellow, segments black at their bases.

Length under half an inch.

308 INSECTS OF LOUISIANA.

In comparison with irrorata F., which it most resembles, the
anterior termination of the head is more obtusely rounded trans-
versely, rather longer and much less convex on the inferior front:
the hemelytra are more hyaline and are not spotted; the color of
the abdomen is quite different and the anterior tibize are sub-
clavate.

HYMENOPTERA.
SPHEX.

S. HABENA.—Black, head and thorax varied with golden.

Tnhabits Louisiana.

Front and nasus golden: antennz entirely black: behind the
eyes a large golden spot: collar golden: thorax with a golden
vitta each side, meeting before the scutel and anteriorly curved
downward before the wings and terminating in a double spot on
the pleura: metathorax, a transverse line under the scutel, disk
and line each side extending to the posterior coxz golden: wings
tinged with ferruginous at base and dusky towards the tip:
third cubital cellule triangular, anteriorly almost acute: first
recurrent [15] nervure almost continuous with the dividing
nervure of the second and third cellules: abdomen entirely
black, a little sericeous at base; petiole short, distinct: feet en-
tirely black.

Length over one inch.

Intimately connected with S. (Chlorion) ichneumoneus F. but
aside from some differences in the neuration of the wings, the
abdomen and feet are entirely black.

DIPTERA.
SCIARA Latr.

S. prmrpr1aTa.—Black ; abdomen dull fulvous, black at tip.

Tnhabits Louisiana.

Female.—Thorax polished: wings fuliginous; costal margin
blackish ; middle nervure very distinct: poisers blackish: abdo-
men dull fulvous, with a few blackish hairs on the three basal
joints, fourth joint a little darker; tip black : feet piceous-black.

Length of the body less than one-fifth of an inch.

INSECTS OF LOUISIANA. 309

DILOPHUS Meig.

D. styaius.—Black, polished ; inferior transverse wing ner-
vure distinct.

Inhabits Louisiana.

Body entirely black, immaculate, polished; thorax with the
anterior series of spines slightly interrupted: wings dark fuli-
ginous, blackish on the costal margin ; transverse [ 16] nervures
distinct; a darker shade on the stigma: anterior tibie with a
series of spines on the middle and another at tip.

Length to the tip of the wings about one-fourth of an inch.

| The ultimate cross nervure joins the middle nervure before the
| bifid portion. The sexes are alike in their markings. This spe-
cies differs from the orbatus Wied., which is destitute of an ob-
vious ultimate cross neryure.

[The name must be changed, as there is another Dilophus
stygius Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 6, 155. I would take
the present to be a synonym of D. orbatus Say, if the sexes were
not here stated to be alike in their markings.—SAckKEN. ]

510° HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA

Descriptions of new species of HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA of
North America.

New Harmony, Indiana, December, 1831.*

SCUTELLERA Lam.

S. VIRIDIPUNCTATA.—Piceous, with green impressed punctures.

Inhabits Florida.

Body entirely piceous or dark-reddish, with all the punctures,
above and beneath distinctly bright green ; thoracic punctures
more numerous on the anterior lateral margins: scutel with a
black spot each side before the middle ; feet honey yellow.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

I obtained two individuals when in Kast Florida with Mr.
Maclure.

[This is Pachycoris chrysorrhoeus Fabr. Syst. Rhyng, 188 :
Germar. Zeitsch. 1, 95, and is found in S. Carolina, Florida and
Mississippi.—UHLER. ]

TETY HA Fab. Leach.

1. T. MARMORATA.— Variegated ; costal margin with transverse
fuscous lines.

Inhabits New Jersey.

Body variegated with more or less bright yellow and fuscous ;
punctures numerous; antennz pale reddish-brown; scutel with
the fuscous color almost reticulate : hemelytra, coriaceous portion
with transverse fuscous lines or spots: tergum on the margin
with quadrate fuscous spots: feet yellow, with brown points.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

This insect is very variable in the arrangement and bright-
ness of its colors. It inhabits the Pine regions of New Jersey,
whence several individuals were sent to me by my brother, B.
Say.

*This memoir is taken from a reprint by Dr. Asa Fitch, in the Trans-
actions of the New York State Agricultural Society for 1857; I have
never seen an original copy of it and can consequently give only the
paging of the reprint.—Lec.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. B39) 1!

2. T. FIMBRIATA nob., Amer. Entom. vol. 3. much resembles
T'. diana F., which, however, is somewhat larger, with fulvous
markings and blackish antennz and feet. The latter is a [756]
southern species and I have obtained many specimens from New
Orleans, preserved in a solution of muriate of mercury.

THYREOCORIS Schrank.

T. HISTEROIDES.—Blackish, antenne dull honey-yellow.

Inhabits United States.

Body oval, greenish-black, polished, with rather small, not
dense or profound punctures; antenne dull honey-yellow: feet
dark piceous.

Length from over three-twentieths to one-fifth of an inch.

Resembles 7. scarabacoides Linn., but.is larger, the puncturing
is less profound and not so dense. The Jateralis F. has the mar-
gin of the hemelytra white. It is a common insect and varies in
magnitude.

Nuttall presented me with a large individual from Arkansaw.

[This is Corimelaena nitiduloides Wolff, Icones Cimicum, 98,
tab. 10, fig. 92, which dating in 1802 has priority —Uuuer. ]

2. T. ALBIPENNIS.—Fulvous ; hemelytra white.

Inhabits Missouri. ‘.

Body pale fulvous, oval ; head; thorax blackish before and on
each side: lateral margin white: scutel each side at base with a
small black spot: hemelytra white with a small rufous spot: be-
neath piceous: lateral margin of the pectus white.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

This insect is mutilated ; but it is a very distinct species. I
obtained it on the Missouri river, when with Major Long’s ex-
ploring party.

EDESSA Fab. Lat.

1. F. crucrata.—Above with a sanguineous cross.

Inhabits United States.

Body greenish yellow: antennze pale rufous: thorax with a
sanguineous band on the posterior margin extending upon the
lateral obtuse angles; hemelytra, the coriaceous portion, with
the inner and posterior margins sanguineous, giving the appear-

312 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

ance of a cross on the back: beneath yellowish: venter with ab-
breviated, lateral, slender, sanguineous lines, tip sanguincous.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

When the hemelytra are at rest their sanguineous margins re-
present a common cross.

Curtis gives this genus the name of Acanthosoma, but the
character upon which it is instituted enters into the natural
[757] character of Hdessa, as stated by Fabricius, “Sterno seepius
elevato,” notwithstanding which, however, he referred some of the
species to another genus, probably without observing their dis-
tinguishing trait.

2. H. LATERALIS.—Tergum sanguineous, lateral margin yellow
with a black spot.

Inhabits North-west Territory and Canada.

Body yellowish-green, with large, sparse, dusky punctures:
antenne a little tinged with rufous; terminal joint blackish at
tip: thorax on the edge immediately behind the posterior lateral
angles obtusely deeply emarginate: hemelytra slightly bifasciate
with pale fuliginous and a slight spot of the same color on the
membranaceous portion: tergum sanguineous: lateral margin yel-
low, interrupted with quadrate black spots; venter pale sangui-
neous, with deeper colored punctures and lateral transverse ab-
breviated lines.

Length three-tenths of an,inch.

A smaller species than the preceding and quite distinct by
many characters. I obtained several specimens in Major Long’s
expedition to the source of St. Peter’s river.

PENTATOMA Oliv. Lat.

+ Thorax armed on each side with a spine or prominent angle.

1. P. cynica.—Yellowish, with impressed rufous punctures ;
antennee rufous.

Tnhabits Missouri.

Body yellowish tinged with green; with numerous impressed
punctures, those beneath more strongly contrasting: head before
the eyes rather wider near the tip than in the middle: antenne
pale rufous, first joint oval, yellowish ; second joint considerably
longer than the third; thorax with the posterior lateral angles
prominent, acute: anterior to which the edge is granulated; tergum

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 318

rufous; lateral margin yellowish-rufous, with blackish incisural
margins; rostrum robust.

Length over three-fifths of an inch.

This insect was presented to me by Nuttall. It differs from
punctipes nob., inasmuch as that common species has the second
joint of the antennz shorter than the third; and ultimate
joints are black ; the punctures of the body also are ['758 ] black,
the feet have black points and the rostrum is slender. The pre-
sent species is also larger:

2 P. Aaucur.—Thoracic spines pointing forward; beneath
with five vitte.

Inhabits Georgia.

Body rather slender, attenuated from the thoracic spines to
the posterior extremity; yellowish-green ; head with two vitte
of impressed black punctures; antenne pale rufous; first joint
long oval; third joint longer than the second; thorax, spines
acute, pointing forwards; punctures of the dise pale rufous, of
the lateral margin blackish; scutel and hemelytra, punctures .
blackish: beneath with three or five vittze of black punctures;
thighs with black points.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

In most respects this agrees with typhaeus F., but it has no
sanguineous mark in the middle of the hemelytra. It was sent to
me by Mr. Oemler, of Savannah.

5. P. EMARGINATA—Bluish ; scutel with three fulvous dots.

Inhabits Georgia.

Body purplish blue ; rostrum pale fulvous; thorax at posterior
angles, with a cylindrical emarginate spine; scutel having three
orbicular fulvous spots: feet at base pale fulvous: beneath, under
the rostrum, region of the feet, middle of the ventral base, anus,
and triangular lateral spot fulvous.

Length half an inch.

Female—Thorax with the anterior and lateral margins and
longitudinal line in the middle dull fulvous ; the two basal spots
of the scutel sometimes confluent.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

The jloridanus Linn., is described to be black, otherwise I
should suppose this to be related to it; that species is said to be

314 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

an inhabitant or South America. I received this species from
Mr. Oemler of Savannah, as an inhabitant of Georgia.

The basal joint of the antennz is oblong-oval and the third
joint is rather longer than the second.

4. P. TRistia¢Ma-—Venter with a series of three or four black
dots, the posterior one largest.

Inhabits United States. [759 ]

Above pale yellowish-olive or whitish-olivaceous, with dense
blackish punctures and a few small, irregular, scattered, impune-
tured spots: posterior portion of the eye beneath whitish: an-
tenne rufous: fourth and fifth joints brown, excepting the base
of the fourth ; second joint considerably shorter than the third :
a black line from the base of the antenne to the eye: thorax
with the lateral angles rather prominent, angulated but not spini-
form; lateral edge whitish and concayely arquated: blue-black,
on the lateral margin with a pale dot on the middle of each seg-
ment: beneath yellow, with reddish points, with a black spot on
the middle of each of the three or four posterior segments, the
posterior one largest and oval: feet pale, with black points; a
black point at the termination of each incisure.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

Female, with a black line on the middle of the one or two pos-
terior segments of the venter.

Length nearly two-fifths of an inch.

This species is not rare. It resembles P. punctipes nob., Jour.
Acad. Nat. Sci. vol. 4, p. 8314, which is so common on thistles,
&ec., but is smaller and is distinguished by the ventral spots, and
black points on the lateral edge of the venter.

5. P. servA.—Above pale dull yellowish, with dense black
punctures: head with a black edge; a black line from the base
of the antennze to the eye: eye on the posterior portion whitish:
antennz yellowish, dusky at tip, second joint hardly shorter than
the third: thorax, lateral.edge granulated and concavely ar-
quated ; lateral angles prominent but rounded : scutel whitish on
the posterior edge: tergum blue-black, with yellowish spots on
the margins: beneath yellow, with a black point at the lateral tip
of each incisure: feet with black points.

Length one-half an inch.

Inhabits United States.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 315

I have found specimens in Pennsylvania and Florida. It is
larger than P. punctipes nob., and the lateral thoracic angles are
prominent, but not angulated, as they are in that species. The
punctipes also is destitute of the black points at the lateral termi-
nations of the ventral incisures. [ 760 |

tf Thorax unarmed with a spine.

6. P. rigaATa.—Dull olive green, external edge sanguineous.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body olive green, rather dull; confluently punctured : antennz
black; second joint rather longer than the third: thorax, lateral
margin sanguineous passing to yellowish on its inner side ; scutel
at tip bright sanguineous: hemelytra sanguineous on the lateral
margin nearly to the middle, abdomen on the lateral margin from
the middle to the tip sanguineous: beneath tinged with yellow
on the pectus: feet greenish, yellowish at base.

Length eleyen-twentieths of an inch.

Presented to me by Nuttall as a native of Missouri. The edge
of the head is not reddish.

[Is P. rufocinctum H. Schf., Wanz. Ins. 4, pl. 139, fig. 436.
Found in Missouri and Texas; Dr. Fitch says, what I very much
doubt, that it occurs in New York.—UuteEr.]

7. P. LaTIcoRNIS.—Second joint of the antennz elongated,
compressed 5 lateral margins of the thorax red.

Inhabits United States.

Body somewhat depressed ; marbled with fuscous and brown-
ish-cinereous; antenne second joint compressed and grooved, as
long as the anterior tibi; remaining joints; ;
thorax on the lateral edge denticulate; lateral margin rufous:
posterior angles a little prominent, rounded: hemelytra on the
lateral basal margin rufous: tergum, margin alternating with
rufous and black: beneath dusky, pale about the insertion of the
feet; rostrum extending beyond the insertion of the posterior
feet.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

Aspect of P. annulata F., but widely distinct. It perhaps
ought to be in the previous division of the genus inasmuch as
the lateral thoracic angles are a little prominent; but they are
obtusely rounded. Belongs to the genus Halys Fabr.

316 RETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

8. P. senrLis.—Long oval; tergum blackish, with two paler
spots at tip.

Tnhabits United States.

Body greenish-olivaceous, rather dull; rather oblong or long
subovate; with rather close-set punctures, somewhat confluent
on the scutel and thorax, more distinct on the hemelytra, and
smaller and more dense on the head: head emarginate at tip ;
tubercle which supports the antenne extended into an obvious
acute spine : antenne dull rufous, a little hairy ; second joint [761]
slightly longer than the third: thorax a little paler on the lateral
margin; lateral edge rather concave than rectilinear: hemelytra
rather paler on the exterior margin ; membranaceous tip almost of
the same color: tergum black, with a dull yellowish margin; pe-
nultimate segment with two large obscure yellowish, quadrate
spots.

Length over three-fifths of an inch.

This species is rather more slender than usual, and the tuber-
cle which supports the antennze is a little produced into an acute
spine.

9. P. nitAris.—Oblong-oval; green; tips of the three last
joints of the antenne blackish or rufous, the two last whitish at
base.

Inhabits United States.

P. hilaris nob., New Sp. N. Am. Ins. found by J. Barabino,
1832, p. 9. [Ante, p. 304.]

Body bright green; punctures very numerous and dense ;
edges of the head, thorax and abdomen, white yellowish or ru-
fous; antennee, second and third joints subequal, the latter
longer, third and following black or rufous at their tips, whitish
at their base, the ultimate one whitish at tip; thorax, lateral
edge rectilinear from the anterior angle to the posterior rounded
angle: abdomen on the edge with a black point at each incisure ;
rostrum terminated between the posterior feet.

Length from one half to more than three-fifths of an inch.

This species inhabits various parts of the Union. Nuttall
gave me two individuals which he obtained in Missouri; Mr.
Barabino sent me two from Louisiana, and I have also found it
in this State. A label attached to one in my cabinet says “like

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 317

pensylvanicus Beauv. pl. 2, but not the same.” I have not at
present access to Beauvois’ work. Sexes alike.

10. P asrupTta.—Green; short oval ; edges of the head, thorax
and abdomen whitish.

Inhabits Georgia.

Body rounded-oyal ; immaculate, densely punctured ; edges of
the head, thorax and of the base of the hemelytra obsoletely
whitish : antennz, second and third joints nearly equal; third
and fourth, black at tip ; fifth

: thorax with the anterior angles
obtusely rounded, a small tubercle at the tip of the eye; lateral
[762] edge convexly arquated; posterior angles obtusely
rounded : beneath green; region of the base of the feet a little
tinged with brownish ; abdomen on the lateral edge whitish with
a black point at each incisure; spiracles white with a blackish
point.

Length nine-twentieths of an inch.

Much like the preceding, but it is shorter and more rounded,
and the lateral edges of the thorax‘are decidedly arquated. The
specimen is deficient in the terminal joint of the antennx. It
was presented to me by Mr. Oemler. I formerly supposed it a
variety of hilaris.

11. P. 1vsErTA.—Thorax deeply emarginate before, rounded
each side; venter with with a series of black dots.

Inhabits Missouri and Arkansaw.

Body oval, pale yellowish, with numerous black punctures on
every part, excepting the membranaceous portion of the hemely-
tra: head unarmed, seated very deeply in the thorax: thorax
profoundly emarginate before for the reception of the head;
lateral edge arquated, so as to include the posterior angles in
the curve; line on the middle and posterior narrow margin im-
punctured : scutel with a longitudinal impunctured line extend-
ing to, the middle: hemelytra nervures impunctured: tergum
black, densely punctured margin of the general color: beneath
with two black spots behind the anterior feet; venter with a
series of black dots; lateral margin darker or blackish at the in-
cisures ; feet with black points.

Length half an inch.

318 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

The specimen from the Arkansaw was given me by Nuttall.
The lateral line of the thorax is less oblique than that of the
preceding species, and the thorax is somewhat more depressed.

(Male) destitute of the ventral spot?

12. P. saucra.—Sceutel with a yellowish line ; hemelytra with
a fuscous line.

Inhabits United States.

Body greenish-yellow ; punctures not dense, but rather more
so on the head and scutel: antenne rufous, paler at base; basal
joint greenish: supporting tubercle with a short acute conic spine:
thorax, lateral edge rectilinear to the posterior rounded angle;
[763] scutel with a distinct yellowish vitta: hemelytra with a
fuscous vitta, not reaching the base or tip; superior margin yel-
lowish ; tergum black, minutely rugose, but not punctured ; mar-
gin yellowish.

Length about two-fifths of an inch.’

The dark brown vitta on the hemelytra is a distinguishing
mark.

I took an individual on the eastern shore of Virginia, an-
other in Florida, and a third either in Pennsylvania or Indiana.

13. P. cAtvA.—Reddish-brown ; head and anterior half of the
thorax yellowish.

Inhabits Virginia.

Body reddish-brown, punctured : head yellowish ; edge darker :
antenne rufous; first and second joints green ; third joint a little
longer than the second: thorax on the anterior half yellowish ;
lateral edges rectilinear: tergum sanguineous, blackish at tip,
beneath whitish; venter with a few rufous points and some
clusters of rufous points each side; lateral margin with a black
point at the incisures.

Length about two-fifths of an inch.

I caught this species on Holly (Ilex.)

14. P. pimip1ata.—Anterior part of the thorax of a different
color; second joint of the antennz half the length of the third.

Inhabits Georgia and Florida.

Body dull greenish, varying to almost reddish-brown: head
not contracting anteriorly, rounded at tip: antenne rufous,
terminal joint a little darker towards the tip; at base paler ;

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. S19

second joint not longer than the first, and not more than half
as long as the third: thorax, rather more than the anterior half
yellowish ; lateral edge rectilinear: tergum purple-black, some-
what polished, rufous at tip; sometimes entirely rufous, except-
ing the margin, which is yellowish.

Length about seven-twentieths of an inch.

The brevity of the second joint of the antenne, will readily
distinguish this species from the preceding. I obtained speci-
mens in Florida, and an individual was sent me from Georgia by
Mr. Oemler. [ 764 |

15. P. AEQuALIS.—Cinereous, with black punctures ; tergum
black with large punctures towards the tip.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body dull cinereous, with numerous rather large, black punc-
tures, head rather long, rounded at the tip: antennz with close
set black points; second and third joints equal: thorax, lateral
edge nearly rectilinear, slightly concave; scutel scarcely con-
tracted before the tip, which is rounded; tergum black, the
punctures small and sparse at base, and becoming large and
numerous towards the tip; lateral margin with cinereous spots :
beneath with black punctures, sometimes assembled in groups ;
feet with black points.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

Smaller than either of the preceding, and the second and third
joints of the antenne are equal.

16. P. RUGULOSA.—Green, with minute, transverse ruge ;
tergum black at base; antennze third joint short.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body pale greenish, with minute rugs, particularly on the
thorax ; antenne third joint hardly more than half the length of
the second : thorax much contracted before; lateral edge rather
concave than rectilinear : tergum black at base, the three ultimate
segments and the margin green: hemelytra punctured: beneath
and feet with small green punctures.

Length over one-fifth of an inch.

The third joint of the antenne is very short and small, and
the small ruge of the thorax distinguish this species.

17. P. unpATa.—Scutel but little narrowed at tip; lateral
edge of the head undulated.

320 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body dull yellowish, with numerous black, deep punctures ;
head with the lateral edge undulated, the tip abruptly nar-
rowed, with a narrow, deep fissure: antennze blackish rufous,
second joint longer than the third: thorax with the lateral
narrow margin and longitudinal line impunctured ; lateral edge
rectilinear: scutel rather large, not being much narrowed at
tip ; tergum black, punctured, with a yellowish margin: beneath
[765 ] punctures more dense : venter black, punctured ; with the
margin yellow: feet with black points.

Length about one-fifth of an inch.

The scutel in its form resembles that of the preceding species,
but the brevity of the third joint of the antennz and the undu-
lated edge of the head distinguish it. I obtained this species
when with Major Long’s party in the North.

18. P. pet1a.—Rather widest behind the middle; scutel but
little narrowed at tip.

Inhabits Missouri and Massachusetts.

Body dull-yellowish green; ovate, being slightly widest be-
hind the middle; with rather large, profound, black punctures
not closely set: head somewhat long ; the obtuse carina impunc-
tured : antenne rufous, darker at tip ; second joint much shorter
than the third: thorax, lateral edge rectilinear; lateral margin
without black punctures; anterior angles transversely truncate
to receive the eyes, and without any tubercle ; posterior angles
not wider than the hemelytra: scutel not much narrowed at tip ;
tergum black punctured, margin yellowish: hemelytra, coria-
ceous portion rounded at tip: beneath with a series of black
points on the margin and another on the edge.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

The scutel is not so much narrowed at tip as usual. One was
presented to me by Nuttall, and another by Dr. Harris.

19. P. cALcEATA.—Green, thorax with a band, and yellow
spot each side before, enclosing a green dot: tarsi rufous.

Inhabits United States.

Above green, densely punctured; antenne dull sanguineous ;
first and second joints green; second and third joints equal ;
ultimate joint dusky: thorax with a yellow or rufous band be-

Ee

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. | 321

tween the lateral angles; on the anterior submargin are two
transverse, yellow spots, each enclosing a green dot; lateral
edge granulated and nearly rectilinear, black or dark rufous ;
lateral angles but little prominent, rounded: seutel and heme-
lytra immaculate, membrane whitish or little tinged with rufous :
beneath yellow, tinged with green; venter with a lateral sub-
marginal series of points and another series of black points on
the lateral edge ; tarsi rufous. [ 766 ]

Length over two-fifths of an inch.

Var. a. Thoracic band obsolete.

Male much smaller ; the anterior portion of the thorax yellow-
ish, obliterating the two spots ; feet not obviously rufous.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

The variety of this species was taken by my brother in New
Jersey.

One of my male specimens has one of the antennz not more
than half the length of the other, in consequence of the un-
natural brevity of the second, third and fourth joints, which are
hardly longer than broad ; the fifth joint is much compressed but
not dilated.

20. P. NERVOSA.—Rufous, with black punctures; antenne-
second joint half as long as the third.

Inhabits Indiana.

Above rufous or deep testaceous, with numerous separate
black punctures: head with confluent punctures, excepting on.
the carina: antenne dusky at tip; second joint hardly over
half the length of the third; eyes on the posterior part whitish:
thorax, lateral edge impunctured, and on its anterior part almost
rectilinear, curving towards the lateral angles which are hardly
prominent beyond the humerus, and very obtusely rounded :
scutel, lateral edge at base arquated so as to leave an obvious
interval between its basal angles and the thorax: hemelytra,
membrane with its nervures blackish : tergum blue-black, margin:
yellowish with black spots : beneath pale rufous with black punc-
tures, which become rufous on the abdomen; a blackish, inter-
rupted, lateral vitta from the eyes becomes obsolete on the venter:
venter with double black marginal spots; feet with black points.

Length nearly two-fifths of an ineh.

The specimen is a female. nS

=

322 _ HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

21. P. semivirrata.—Pale, with confluent black punctures so
arranged as to leave three vitte on the head and about five on
the scutel.

Tnhabits Indiana.

Above yellowish-white, with confluent black punctures, and
numerous short hairs: antenne dusky at tip; second joint
[ 767 | rather longer than the third : head with three dull yellow-
ish vittee: thorax with three vittee, becoming obsolete behind ;
lateral margin a little depressed, impunctured ; lateral edge very
slightly arquated ; lateral angles rounded, not prominent; scutel
with five vitte confluent behind: tergum blue-black; margin
with yellowish, large, quadrate spots: beneath yellowish; two
black lines before the eyes: an interrupted lateral vitta of black
punctures from the eyes nearly to the posterior extremity: feet
immaculate, tarsi dusky.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

The specimen is a female. It is more than usually hairy. It
has some resemblance to Stoll, fig. 102, but is shorter.

22. P. camMa.—Fabr. (Cimex) Syst. Rhyng., p. 177, C. al-
bipes, K. Ent. Syst. suppl. p. 4 P.; punctipes nob., Jour. Acad.
Nat. Sci. v. 1, p. 313? A common species.

[Say makes an error in quoting Fabricius for P. gamma.
There is no such species either in Systema Rhyngotorum or in
Ent. Syst. or its supplement. The correct name is P. lugens
Fabr. Ent. Syst. (1794) 4, 125: C. albipes Fabr. Ent. Syst.
Suppl. 535: C. punctipes Beauy. Ins. pl. 8, fig. 6; Say, Journ.
Ac. Nat. Sc. 4, 313.— User. |

23. P. BrocuLATA Fabr. (Cimex) Syst. Rhyng. 175.

Var. a. transversa ? thoracic spots transverse.

This species inhabits the Southern States.

23. [bis.] P. Brrrpa nob. Deser. of North American Ins.,
found by Joseph Barabino. [Ante, p. 303.] Metasternum ele-
vated and bifid at the tips.

25. P. TENEBROSA nob., ibid. p. 8. Blackish, antenne and
feet varied with white.

CYDNUS Fabr.

1. C. rigaTus.—Blackish ; thorax and hemelytra with a white
exterior edge.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. azo

‘Inhabits United States.

Body piceous-black: head emarginate: antenns, second joint
dull rufous; ultimate two joints rather long: thorax with
numerous punctures, before the middle impunctured ; lateral
edge white: hemelytra on the lateral edge white: abdomen
excepting at base, with a white edge: tibize white on the exte-
rior edge.

Length about one-fifth of an inch.

It is smaller than dilineatus nob., and larger than spinifrons
nob., and very different from either by many characters. A
very common species. It much resembles the binotatus, but is
destitute of the white spots of the hemelytra. [ 768 ]

[Described also as Sehirus albonotatus Dallas, Brit. Mus. Cat.
Hempt. part 1, 127.—Uuer.]}

2. C. BILINEATUS nob.

Var. a. picea. Entirely light piceous.

Inhabits Indiana.

[Belongs to Aethus Dallas.]

GONOCERUS Lat.

G. ANTENNATOR Fabr. The author describes this species to
have the second joint of the antennz scabrous and the “ultimo
claviformi.” Now if these characters are correct, a species in
my collection, and which is not rare, is altogether new; but
this I consider doubtful. I will however state the differential
characters, viz:

G. puBius.—Antenne, first joint scabrous or with short
spines; ultimate joint oblong oval.

Length nearly half an inch.

Inhabits Pennsylvania and Indiana.

It is probably the insect that naturalists refer to antennator F.

[Appears to be Coreus antennator Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. 198 :
it belongs to Chariesterus, and is C. moestus H. Schf. 7, pl. 217,
fig. 681.—UHLER.]

SYROMA[S]TES Lat.

1. S. REFLEXULUS.—Reddish-brown ; head carinate before.
Inhabits Pennsylvania.
Body reddish-brown, with rather large, confluent punctures:

824 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

head not extending more than half the length of the basal joint
of the antennsx, obviously carinate between the antennze, tuber-
cles each side of the antennz ; acute : antenn@, first joint robust,
rough, much narrowed; second joint shorter than the third ; ter-
minal joint half as long as the third: thorax, lateral margin a
little reflected, the edge concavely arquated; posterior angles
rounded; anterior angles prominent, acute: scutel narrowed be-
fore the tip: hemelytra, corium yellowish, rufous near the scutel ;
nervures very distinct ; lateral edge a little reflected ; membrane
hyaline: beneath greenish-yellow; feet pale rufous; posterior
thighs dilated, spinous beneath.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

The rostrum hardly reaches the posterior cox. The last joint
of the antennze is elongate-oval and much shorter than the pre-
ceding joint, as defined by Latreille in this genus.

2. 8. FRATERCULUs.—Anterior point of the head extending
nearly to the tip of the first joint of the antenna.

Inhabits Georgia and Indiana. ['769 |

Closely resembles the preceding species, but is smaller; the
anterior tip of the head extends nearly or quite to the tip of the
first joint of the antenne; the lateral margin of the corium is
very distinctly punctured with black; the membrane is marked
with a longitudinal obsolete brown line and small points; the
general color is darker; the tergum is sanguineous, black at base.

Length less than one-fourth of an inch.

A small specimen was sent to me by Mr. Oemler, from the
vicinity of Savannah, and I have obtained the two sexes in In-
diana.

3. S. opLiquus.—All above punctured ; rostrum and head
rather short..

Inhabits United States.

Body pale yellowish-rufous : head obviously punctured, not ex-
tending to the tip of the first joint of the antenne ; antenne, first
joint robust; second hardly two-thirds as long as the third:
thorax with rather large punctures; no obvious transverse im-
pressed line: hemelytra, on the corium with large separate
punctures; posterior edge very oblique and elongated; mem-
brane immaculate, undulated by the nervures: beneath more

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 325

obviously tinged with rufous ; feet paler; rostrum hardly reach-
ing the intermediate coxe.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

It may be distinguished by the remarkable obliquity of the
terminal line of the corium.

COREUS F. Latr.

1. C. CcONFLUENTUS [CONFLUENS].—Pale brownish; thorax
bilineate ; abdomenwith a spotted margin.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body depressed with numerous minute hairs, pale yellow-
_ brown: thorax with a transverse, slightly elevated line on the
posterior submargin; two broad black vitte, confluent before,
and suddenly narrowed on the posterior margin; a black lateral
marginal vitta before; posterior angles obtusely rounded: scutel
at base and an abbreviated line black: hemelytra immaculate ;
corium finely reticulate: abdomen dilated; tergum on [ 770]
the margin alternating with blackish and yellowish: beneath
blackish varied with yellowish ; feet blackish ; knees and coxe
fulvous.

Length three-fourths of an inch.

This is a dilated and somewhat depressed species.

2. C. pirrusus.—Brownish ; abdomen dilated; antennz and
feet blackish.

Inhabits Georgia.

Body depressed pale yellowish-brown ; with short hairs; di-
lated: head unarmed, the middle of the tip not reaching the
base of the first joint of the antenne: antenne blackish, hairs
very obvious ; basal joint a little excurved ; second joint a little
longer than the third : thorax somewhat transversely punctured ;
lateral edge irregularly denticulated, particularly anteriorly;
posterior angles very obtusely rounded: scutel black in the
middle: hemelytra immaculate; corium finely reticulate; the
disks of the basal cellules blackish : abdomen dilated ; margin
elevated and with a series of black points on the edge; feet
blackish piceous.

Length seven-tenths of an inch.

Resembles the confluenta nob., but is somewhat more dilated

326 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

and the anterior lateral edge of the thorax is rectilinear ; whereas
in that species it is arquated.

This insect was sent me by Mr. Oemler of Savannah, who took
it in the neighborhood of that city.

ANISOSCELIS Latr.

1. A. concuLus.—Fuscous ; antennze rufous; posterior tibize
dilated, not sinuous.

TInhabits Florida.

Body reddish-brown, rather dark, minutely and densely punc-
tured: head simple, with three rufous lines: antennz rufous ;

basal joint much shorter than the second, blackish above, second —

joint longest; ultimate joint rather shorter than the preceding
one, fuscous: thorax with the angles not prominent, rounded :
scutel undulated on the disc: tergum on the lateral margin
with yellowish lines at the incisures: beneath dull rufous with
numerous black points; rostrum extending to the middle of the
venter: thighs blackish above towards the tip, spinous beneath,
[771] posterior pair a little thickened; tibize dull yellowish ;
posterior pair dilated, not undulated on the edge, fuscous with
small yellowish spots; the dilatation not continued to the tip;
inner edge with a few short spines.

Length four-fifths of an inch.

I obtained two individuals on St. John’s river. In one of the
two specimens the nervures on the middle of the hemelytra are
of a paler, color, as if, in some individuals, a pale band might
exist in that part.

2. A. ALBICINCTUS.—Ferruginous ; hemelytra with a white
band; posterior tibia dilated, sinuated.

Inhabits Florida.

Body above light reddish-brown or ferruginous: antennee,
basal joint blackish: head blackish, with three yellowish lines ;
thorax with short hair; elevated behind; lateral angles sub-
acute ; hemelytra with a slender, white, transverse line; mem-
branous part blackish: beneath yellowish, with irregular, black
punctures: feet reddish-brown; thighs spinous beneath; pos-
terior tibiz foliaceous, two or three toothed on the posterior edge,
the superior tooth smallest; a double hyaline spot, bisected by
the lateral carina ; tip not dilated.

i

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 327

Length three-fifths of an inch.

Resembles balteatus Linn. But according to Drury’s figure,
that species has simple posterior tibie. It is still more like Z.
phyllopus Linn., which, however, has the white line undulated
and oblique, as figured by Stoll, the posterior thighs more elon-
gated and the posterior tibiz still more dilated, particularly on
the inner side, than this species.

‘It is common in Florida. The male has but two denticula-
tions on the dilated edge of the posterior tibise, whilst the female
has three ; the sinuations of the edge correspond with the num-
ber of teeth.

3. A. oppositus.—Reddish-brown; hemelytra with a white
point in the middle of the corium; antennz rufous; head tri-
lineated ; posterior tibie dilated and sinuated.

Inhabits Indiana. [ 772 ]

This is very closely allied to albicinctus nob., but is uniform
in its differential characters. It may be known by the small
white point of the hemelytra.

4. A. DECLIVIS nob. (RAinuchus Kirby) New Sp. N. Am. Ins.
found by Jos. Barabino, p. 10. [Ante, p. 305.] Thorax dilated at
the posterior angles; beneath whitish sericeous ; posterior tibize
dilated and compressed their whole length, more prominent
towards the exterior base.

Inhabits Georgia and Louisiana.

Length one inch and one-fifth.

5. A. NASULUS nob. ( % ) ibid. p. 10. [Ante, p. 305.]
Thorax, lateral angles more or less prominent; posterior tibie
dilated and compressed all their length; inner edge minutely
denticulate ; exterior edge a little undulated; width decreasing
to the tip.

Inhabits Georgia, Florida, Louisiana.

Length one inch.

This genus seems to include Petalopus and Rhinuchus Kirby, of
which, however, I have not seen the characters stated, which alone
can establish a generic name.

328 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

BERYTUS Fabr.

B. muticus.—Unarmed: a short groove betweeen the an-
tenne.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body punctured; pale yellowish brown, unarmed: head not
much narrowed before, the tip rounded downwards and com-
pressed ; and with a profound short groove above: thorax with
a glabrous line: scutel carinate, acute at tip, but not produced
into a spine: hemelytra, corium with the punctures dilated: be-
neath blackish along the middle to the middle of the venter.

Length nearly seven-twentieths of an inch.

Quite distinct from the t/pularis F., of which the head is elon-
gated before and hemelytra are spotted ; and from the spinosus
nob., by being destitute of spines before the posterior cox and +
on the scutel.

LYGAEUS FE. Latr.

1. L. sANDARACHATUS.—Hemelytra yellowish, with a black
band and tip; venter sanguineous with a lateral black vitta.

Inhabits Mexico. [773 ]
- Head sanguineous, with an abbreviated line above the ros-
trum, and more or less dilated orbits and vertex, black : antennze
and rostrum black: thorax black, anterior margin white ; lateral
margin yellowish, tinged with sanguineous before; a dorsal slender
yellowish line slightly elevated before: scutel black, yellow at
tip: hemelytra pale yellow, a band on the middle and membra-
nous at tip, black ; pectus and postpectus black with whitish in-
cisures and margins: venter sanguineous, with white incisures
and lateral, abbreviated black vittze : feet black, coxze sanguineous.

Var. a. Anterior thighs sanguineous.

Var. b. Head above black, with three abbreviated sanguineous
lines.

Length to tip of hemelytra two-fifths of an inch.

Resembles mimus nobis, which, however, has no appearance
of the thoracic dorsal line or lateral ventral vittee.

2. L. FACETUS.—Black, with rufous margins and thoracic line.

‘Inhabits Florida. }

Body black, opake, head at tip narrowed and half the length

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 329

of the basal joint of the antenne: antenne second joint longest,
ultimate joints rather longer than the third: thorax with two
transverse punctured indentations on the anterior margin and
middle; margin pale rufous, interrupted near the anterior
angles: a longitudinal rufous line not reaching the anterior
margin: scutel, disk elevated in the form of a T, which is pale
rufous at tip: hemelytra on the lateral and terminal margins
pale rufous: abdomen pale rufous on the margin: pectus, ante”
rior and lateral margins pale rufous.

Length over three-tenths of an inch.

I took several specimens in Florida.

3. L. BISTRIANGULARIS.—Black, base of the hemelytra and
venter sanguineous.

Inhabits Mexico.

Head black: thorax black: lateral margin behind the middle
and posterior edge sanguineous; scutel black: hemelytra san-
guineous, membranous portion black with a slight edging of
whitish : pectus and postpectus fuscous ; feet black ; venter san-
guineous with a black tip. [ 774]

Length over one-fifth of an inch.

Allied to bccrucis nob., but is not half so large, and the coloring
of the thorax is quite different.

4. L. REcLIVATUS nob. Var. a. enotus. Destitute of the
white spot of the membranaceous portion of the hemelytra.
Inhabits Mexico.

5. L. pevcoprervs [Chinch bug.] Blackish, hemelytra white
with a black spot.

Inhabits Virginia.

Body long, blackish, with numerous hairs: antenne, rather
short hairs: second joint yellowish, longer than the third; ulti-
mate joint rather longer than the second, thickest: thorax tinged
with cinereous before, with the basal edge piceous: hemelytra
white, with a blackish oval spot on the lateral middle; rostrum
and feet honey-yellow: thighs a little dilated.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

I took a single specimen on the Eastern Shore of Virginia.

The whiteness of the hemelytra in which is a blackish spet
strongly contrasted, distinguishes this species readily.

330 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

6. L. pisconotus.—Blackish: third joint of the antenne
much shorter than the fourth: hemelytra dull whitish.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body blackish, punctured, rather wider behind: head a little
convex : antennee first and second joints yellowish : third equal to
the first ; fourth joint almost double the length of the third, and
as long or rather longer than the second ; thorax very slightly
contracted each side of the middle: basal half and anterior edge
piceous; hemelytra dull yellowish-white, punctured; membrane
on the dise brown ; tip wide and obtusely rounded : feet whitish ;
thighs honey-yellow, anterior pair a little more dilated ; postpectus
with a pure white posterior margin.

Length to tip of hemelytra less than three-twentieths of an
inch.

7. L. ceminatus.—Hemelytra with two small central spots,
and four on the posterior edge of the membrane.

Inhabits Indiana and Missouri.

Body dull greenish-yellow ; head dull fulvous, blackish each side
behind: antenne obscure rufous; first joint, incisures and [775]
terminal joint black : rostrum extending a little beyond the origin
of the posterior feet: thorax with the transverse impression rather
deep and blackish: scutel dull fulvous, blackish on the basal
margin: hemelytra on the corium tinged with yellowish, almost
hyaline, and having on the middle two approximate, abbreviated
fuscous lines and on the posterior edge four or three fuscous,
small dots; membrane pellucid: beneath black-piceous; a white
line over the insertion of the posterior pairs of feet, and a honey-
yellow line over the anterior pair: feet honey-yellow, immacu-
late ; tarsi blackish.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

Nuttall presented to me an individual which he took in Mis-
souri, and I obtained others in this State.

8, L. ScoLOPAX. Hemelytra with a rufous tip of the corium;
rostrum extending to the middle of the venter.

Inhabits Missouri and Indiana.

Body yellowish, inclining on the head and scutel to obscure
fulvous : punctured: head, punctures obsolete, tip a little longer
than the basal joint of the antennz; antenne black; second

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 331

joint equal to or slightly longer than the third: thorax with the
anterior margin and transverse impressed line black: scutel
blackish each side of the middle; the middle line impunctured :
hemelytra, corium yellowish, a dull rufous spot at its tip: mem-
brane milky white with pale brownish spots; tergum fulvous
spotted with black as well on the disc as on the margin: be-
neath more or less spotted with blackish; blackish along the
middle ; around the origin of the feet yellow; feet obscurely
annulated ; rostrum extending to the middle of the venter.

Length less than one-fourth of an inch.

I obtained a specimen at Council Bluff and one in Indiana.

9. L. NuMEeNtUS.—Hemelytra with a pale rufous tip of the
corium ; rostrum as long as the body.

Inhabits United States.

Body greenish-yellow: head long, the tip extending beyond
the first joint of the antennezs: antenne pale yellowish; first
joint rather short; second joint a little longer than the third:
fourth joint tinged with honey-yellow : thorax with separate punc-
tures, anterior edge and dorsal line impunctured; transverse
[776] indentation interrupted by the dorsal lines: scutel pale
rufous each side: hemelytra with a pale rufous spot at tip of the
corium; membrane with an obsolete fuliginous line in the mid-
dle: tergum on the lateral margin with pale rufous spots: be-
neath tinged with rufous ; feet pale: rostrum extending to the
tip of the abdomen.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

Resembles scolopax nob., but the second joint is obviously
longer than the third, and the rostrum is more elongated. I do
not recollect in what part of the Union I took this species.

10. L. raticus.—Elongated ; hemelytra yellowish with brown
nervures.

Inhabits Missouri. -

Body blackish, elongated somewhat depressed ; antenne short,
robust, hairy ; second joint longest : thorax of the basal margin
piceous ; transversely a little depressed in the middle and with a
longitudinal indentation before the middle : scutel with a carinate
line: hemelytra shorter than the abdomen, dull yellowish, with
brown nervures; corium short and very oblique at tip ; membrane

332 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

long but little different in appearance from the corium : abdomen,
margined with rufous; feet rufous; thighs a little thickened.
Length over three-twentieths of an inch.

PAMERA*, Lepel. and Serv., nob.

1. P. consrrictra.—Black ; thorax constricted near the mid-
dle ; hemelytra with hyaline lines ; anterior thighs dilated.

Inhabits United States.

Body black, punctured : antenne, second and third joints dull
honey yellow; terminal joint slightly thicker than the third:
thorax convex, constricted a little behind the middle; anterior
to the stricture impunctured; posterior angles with an oblong
tubercle above : posterior margin snmewhat piceous: hemelytra
fuscous, with whitish lines and spots, those of the membrane
arquated: feet greenish-yellow; thighs annulated with black
at tip; anterior pair dilated, spinous beneath, black, yellowish
at tip and base: tibie, anterior pair slightly thickened at tip.

Length three-tenths of an inch. [777]

Male.—Hemelytra pale with fuscous points and lines.

Length about one-fifth of an inch.

2. P. conrracta.—Blackish ; thorax constricted near the
base; hemelytra at base and two spots hyaline; anterior thighs
dilated.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body piceous-black: head with a few hairs: antennz pale
yellowish, terminal joints fuscous; thorax subcylindric, with
hairs; much contracted behind the middle; behind the stric-
ture piceous, punctured: scutel punctured: hemelytra punctured
at base, fuscous, base of the corium and spot near its tip and
spot at tip of the membrane whitish: feet yellowish: anterior
thighs dilated, spinous beneath towards the tip and piceous in
the middle : anterior tibia a little dilated at tip.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

I obtained this species on the expedition of Major Long to
the sources of the St. Peter’s river. It is much like constrictus
nob., but the thoracic stricture is a little nearer to the posterior

*The original word of these ‘authors is Pachymera, which Latreille
informs us is preoccupied.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 333

margin, and the arrangement of colors on the hemelytra is dif-
ferent.

3. P. vinota.—Thorax constrained near the base, and with a
transverse line before; hemelytra whitish with a fuscous spot.

Inhabits Florida.

Body blackish, punctured; antennze, basal joint yellowish,
tipped with black; remaining joints ; thorax much con-
stricted behind the middle, subcylindric, anterior margin with
a transverse impressed line, anterior to which the margin is
piceous ; posterior margin of the stricture with a cinereous re-
flection ; basal edge piceous ; scutel-with a carinate line; heme-
lytra yellowish-white and punctured on the corium, the posterior
margin of which is fuscous ; membrane milk-white : abdomen on
the margin dull rufous; feet whitish; anterior thighs honey-
yellow, dilated.

Length one-tenth of an inch.

Differs from contracta nob., in size, arrangement of colors, and
by the very distinct, impressed line before. [778 ]

4, P. rerA.—Blackish; thorax transversely indented behind
the middle; feet piceous; anterior thighs dilated.

Inhabits United States.

Body blackish; antennee piceous terminal joint darker: thorax
a little transversely indented behind the middle, but not affecting
the lateral edge; lateral narrow margin depressed, yellowish and
almost translucent behind the middle: hemelytra piceous : mem-
brane with a pale, translucent spot at tip of the corium: beneath
black; rostrum and feet piceous; anterior thighs much dilated
and spinous beneath ; anterior tibize arquated, dilated at tip on
the inner side.

Length under three-tenths of an inch.

Male—Hyaline spot of the membrane very obvious. Length
nearly one-fifth of an inch.

Var. a. Thorax behind the stricture piceous; feet entirely
honey-yellow.

5. P. unA.—Punctured; antennze hairy; anterior thighs di-
lated ; thorax a little indented transversely behind the middle;
lateral edge arquated.

Inhabits Indiana.

334 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

Body piceous-black ; punctures numerous, distinct profound ;
antennee distinctly hairy, dull honey-yellow: thorax transversely
a little indented behind the middle, and posterior to which the
punctures are large and more distant; lateral very narrow mar-
gin depressed and somewhat translucent; lateral edge a little
arquated at the middle; hemelytra piceous; punctures distinct,
distant on the corium ; membrane dusky with two or three hyaline
arquations and obsolete at tip of the corium: feet piceous ; ante-
rior thighs dilated, with about one small spine beneath; anterior
tibize a little dilated.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

Resembles era nob., but the lateral thoracic edge of that
species is rectilinear.

5. P. FALLAX.—Anterior thighs dilated; thorax with the
lateral margin dull whitish with brown spots.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body blackish, punctured : thorax on the posterior portion pale,
but so densely covered with blackish punctures as to appear
[779] blackish; lateral margin depressed, narrow, dull whitish
or yellowish, with a series of brown punctures furnishing hairs ;
scutel with two yellowish lines behind, confluent at tip: heme-
lytra dull yellowish with blackish punctures; membrane a little
clouded with dusky; rostrum piceous; a yellowish spot and line
over the incisure of each foot; coxze and trochanters pale yel-
lowish ; thighs somewhat robust, anterior pair thickest and with
a small spine beneath ; tibize dull yellowish.

Length less than one fifth of an inch.

The thorax is rectilinear on the lateral edge, as in fera nob.,
but in that species the anterior part of the lateral thoracic mar-
gin is not depressed, and the hemelytra are distinguished by a
whitish spot.

7. P. srtopata.—Honey-yellow ; hemelytra whitish, with a
fuscous band and spot at tip of the corium.

Tnhabits Louisiana and Mexico.

Body pale honey-yellow or dusky, somewhat hairy ; antennx,
terminal joint fuscous, slightly longer than subequal to the pre-
ceding and a little thicker: rostrum, second joint whitish, third
dusky : thorax with the anterior lobe longer, transverse quad-
rate ; posterior lobe not more elevated, but separated from the

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. $35

anterior body by a profound contraction, and a little wider: he-
melytra whitish ; corium with a fuscous band on the middle and
spot at tip: thighs pale honey-yellow, fuscous towards their tips;
anterior pair dilated, spinous, beneath blackish ; pectus and post-
pectus black on the middle: venter black, margin piceous.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

This varies considerably in the coloring of the head and
thorax, which are sometimes even obscure cinereous, with obso-
lete blackish lines, and on the posterior part of the thorax of
many specimens are three distinct black lines. It resembles
vincta nob., which, however, is not banded in the middle of the
corium.

8. P. porsatis.—Thorax with a whitish line ; three last joints
of the antennze subequal.

Inhabits Indiana,

Body dull honey-yellow, punctured: head with an obsolete
whitish line: antennz rather robust, dull rufous ; joints a little
[ 780] thicker to the tip; first joint longest; remaining joints
subequal; ultimate joint of the usual form but hardly longer
than the preceding one: thorax, transverse line not impressed :
longitudinal whitish line not reaching the head or scutel : corium
with a blackish edge on the inner side at tip; membrane with a
double interrupted dusky line ; abdomen dark livid, with a yellow-
ish margin; pectus gray, darker in the middle: feet yellowish;
thighs with dusky punctures; anterior pair blackish beneath,
and armed with many spines.

Length over one-fifth of an inch.

Corresponds with the Fabrician description of Lygeus crassi-
manus, excepting that the anterior thighs are armed.

The following species has the third and fourth joints of the
antennee dilated, subovate.

Subgenus ProcHioMERA [PLOCHIOMERA. ]

9. P. Noposus.—Two ultimate joints of the antenne thick ;
thorax constricted behind the middle.

Inhabits United States.

Body piceous-black: antennz yellowish, two ultimate joints
equal, dilated, blackish ; second joint not longer than the third :
thorax behind the middle constricted, particularly to the lateral

330 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

edge; behind the stricture dull yellowish, punctured : scutel with
a yellow carina; hemelytra shorter than the abdomen, pale yel-
lowish, punctured ; membrane obsolete ; wings imperfect: rostrum
and feet honey-yellow, anterior thigh a little thicker than the
others, with a few small spines beneath; anterior tibiee a little
ciliated at tip; a small spine on the anterior coxe.

Length about one-tenth of an inch.

Var. a. All beneath honey-yellow.

This is a very common species in various parts of the Union,
and the two dilated joints of the antennz distinguishes it
readily.

SALDA F. Latr.

1. S. prcza.—Piceous-black ; hemelytra entirely coriaceous.

Inhabits Massachusetts.

Body robust, oval, piceous-black ; obviously punctured, some-
what polished: head impunctured, honey-yellow before ; wider
than the greatest width of the thorax: antenne black-piceous:
thorax but little wider behind than before: hemelytra with the
[781] corium extending nearly to the tip, the membranes being
very short, not more than a mere margin; feet honey-yellow.

Length under three twentieths of an inch.

For this insect I am indebted to Dr. Harris, of Milton.

1. [2]S. suttaTra.—Cinereous, beneath black ; feet yellowish.

Inhabits United States.

Body robust, oval, whitish-cinereous, with numerous, obvious,
dusky, profound impressed punctures: head rather wider than
the body, dusky with a longitudinal yellowish line before: an-
tenn whitish above; last joint rufous; thorax with two small
transverse impunctured spots before the middle ; a little dusky
on the disc: scutel with a slightly carinate line, and each side
of the middle a longitudinal dull yellowish spot: hemelytra with
deep punctures ; corium with a blackish marginal line on the
middle of tip; membrane whitish: beneath black, feet yellowish.

Length to tip of hemelytra over one-tenth of an inch.

This species is not uncommon in various parts of the Union.

Var. a. PUNCTIPES.—Feet yellowish, with numerous black
points ; scutel with a yellow spot oach side at base.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. Sa

3. 8S. uniainosA.—Blackish, corium brown, margin whitish ;
feet yellowish.

Inhabits United States.

Body blackish, punctured : head with an oblique impressed line
before the middle, and a yellow exterior edge: hemelytra whitish ;
inner portion of the corium fuliginous; sexual carina or ovi-
positor yellowish: rostrum and feet yellowish; posterior thighs
dusky at tip.

Length to tip of hemelytra over one-tenth of an inch.

Resembles the preceding, but may be distinguished by its
darker color. It is less common.

MYODOCHA Latr.

M. oprtinaATA.—Blackish ; feet white at base.

Inhabits United States.

Body piceous-black, deeply punctured: head black, impune-
tured, polished; neck elongated ; antenne yellowish; first joint
black, at tip yellowish;. ultimate joint and apex of the pre-
ceding [ 782] one fuscous; thorax constricted in the middle ; an-
terior portion impunctured : hemelytra piceous; lateral narrow
margin yellowish, expanding behind into a small dot; membrane
fuliginous with the nervures whitish; rostrum yellowish, first
joint piceous: feet yellowish; anterior thighs dilated, with a
few spines beneath beyond the middle, and with a piceous an-
nulus near the tip.

Length over seven-twentieths of an inch.

This insect is not [un]common in many parts of the Union.

ASTEMMA Latr.

A. MAvorTIA.—Thorax cylindrical constricted before the
basal margin.

Inhabits United States.

Body black: antennz honey-yellow: thorax, cylindrical, nar-
rowed before to the width of the head, constricted on the basal
submargin ; base hardly wider than the middle: hemelytra punc-
tured, piceous, a little shorter than the abdomen: wings imper-
fect: tergum rufous; margin and tip black: feet honey-yellow:
anterior thighs dilated, with six or seyen equal, equidistant
spines: anterior cox with a short spine.

22

338 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

Length over seven-twentieths of an inch.

Male.—Anterior tibiz arquated towards the base and with a
spine near the middle.

I have taken this species in Pennsylvania, Florida, Indiana
and Missouri. I have placed it in the present genus on account
of its cylindrical thorax ; but it onght perhaps to form a distinct
subgenus.

CAPSUS F.

1. C. ocREATUS.—Sanguineous: band on the hemelytra and
their membrane black.

Inhabits Georgia.

Body light sanguineous: thorax with two transverse impressed
lines before the middle; lateral edge black ; hemelytra witha
narrow, black band; the lateral edge a little reflected ; membrane-
ous part purple black, with a white terminal margin: be-
neath immaculate: thighs simple, anterior pair about four-spined
beneath at tip; tibiae blackish-piceous.

Length less than two-fifths of an inch. [ 783 |

A very pretty species. It was presented to me by Mr. Oemler.
I have not seen the characters of Fallen’s genera Corizus and
Phytocoris, and it is probable that [ have included in this genus,
species of both, for the antenne of a few of these are filiform.

2. C. succinctus F. Var. a. Surface paler, with numerous
black punctures, giving a dusky appearance; origin of the an-
tennze, and a line on each side of the origin of the rostrum san-
guineous.

Inhabits Mexico.

Antennze in this species robust filiform, the last joint being
equal in diameter to the others ; eyes remarkably prominent.

oO

3. C. Mrmus.—Hemelytra yellowish, with a black spot and tip:
beneath whitish with sanguineous incisures.

Inhabits Mexico.

Head sanguineous; antenne, excepting at base and terminal
joint of the rostrum black; thorax, anterior margin white,
bounded by an impressed line, beyond which the surface is san-
guineous to an impressed line on the middle, posterior half pale
yellowish with a black central base: scutel black: hemelytra
pale yellow, with a large triangular spot on the middle, and

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 339

membranous tip, black, the latter edged with piceous: beneath
white, incisures sanguineous: feet piceous black: thighs san-
guineous, anterior pair two spined near the tip.

Length over two-fifths of an inch.

Var. a. Hemelytra black, with a pale yellowish lateral margin.

Var. b. Hemelytra black, exterior and terminal margins of the
corium pale yellowish.

The rostrum extends beyond the base of the posterior feet.

4. C. RApIDUS.—Reddish brown ; hemelytra with a yellowish
margin.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body dull reddish brown: head rufous: antennx black ; first
joint nearly half as long as the third, [second joint: Harris MS.]
white on the basal half, hardly perceptibly larger at tip than at
base: third joint not much shorter than the second, and with
the last white at base : thorax pale yellow ; anterior margin [ 784]
rufous ; a black abbreviated band behind the middle : hemelytra,
corium at tip with a brightred almost sanguineous triangular spot :
beneath rufous: venter dusky on the disk; tibize pale yellowish.

Length to tip of the hemelytra three-tenths of an inch.

5. C. 4-virratus.—Yellow with four black vitte.

Inhabits United States.

Body bright yellow : head tinged with fulvous : antennz black :
thorax tinged with fulvous before: four black vitte not reach-
ing the anterior margin, the lateral ones marginal and more
slender: scutel with a black spot each side at base: hemelytra
with two blackish vittze on each, the exterior one having a black
annulated dot at tip: membrane blackish, with a dull yellowish
are.

Length to tip of hemelytra three-tenths of an inch.

Inhabits a considerable part of the Union. I have taken it
in the North-west Territory, Pennsylvania, Indiana and Missouri,
and Mr. Oemler sent me a specimen from Georgia. It is common.
Can it be the Lygzus lineatus F. Syst. Rhyng. p. 234 ?

6. C. pisLocatus.—Pale rufous, with two black vitte dislo-
cated on the hemelytra.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

‘Body pale rufous or somewhat fulyous: head with a black

340 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

mouth and band on the vertex; antenne black ; basal joint at
least half as long as the second; second joint distinctly larger
towards the tip, base white for a short space: thorax with two
black dilated lines from the middle to the base: scutel black
with a yellow vitta: hemelytra with a black vittee, widely dis-
located in the middle ; beneath piceous with a yellow line each
side: feet honey-yellow.

Length to tip of hemelytra one-fourth of an inch.

Occurred on the Verbascum thapsus L.

7. C. oBLINEATUS.—Thorax green with black lines; seutel
with a yellow V.

Inhabits United States.

Body greenish, sometimes tinged with brown or clouded with
obscure rufous, punctures distinct: head yellowish lineated with
reddish-brown: antennz first joint not half as long as the
[785] second; thorax greenish, more or less lineated with black-
ish : seutel blackish, with a lateral edge, and a line in form of a
V, yellow: hemelytra with a pale spot at tip of the corium, at
the apex of which isa black point: membrane a little dusky,
with one or two whitish dots and are: beneath dusky: venter
with a yellowish lateral vitta, or green with a black lateral vitta ;
feet yellowish with two rufous annulations near the tip of the
thighs. |

Length to tip of hemelytra over one-fifth of an inch.

This is a very common species and subject to vary considerably.
T have taken it in Pennsylvania, Indiana, North-west Territory,
and Missouri.

The thigh-bands are somewhat like those of flavovarius F.
It is it much like the /ineolaris Beauv.

8. C. InsITrvus.—Black ; thorax and scutel fulvous.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body velvet black; antenna, first joint half as long as the
second; third joint over two-thirds the leugth of the second,
and not abruptly smaller; second joint not larger at tip than at
base : thorax and scutel bright orange: pectus orange ; the an-
terior trochanters black like the remaining part of the inferior
surface and feet.

Length to tip of hemelytra nearly seven-twentieths of an inch.

Var. a. Head fulvous.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 341

Var. b. Thorax with a longitudinal black vitta.
Var. c. Beneath reddish fulvous, with black feet.

9. C. conrpHoRUS.—Black, broadly margined with sanguineous.

Inhabits United States.

Body black : head more or less sanguineous, generally blackish
at base and tip: antennz black, second joint generally a little
thicker towards the tip; orbits above sometimes a little tinged
with yellow; thorax very widely margined each side with san-
guineous, leaving a large triangular black spot, of which the
base corresponds with the base of the thorax and the tip with
the tip; hemelytra, corium with a broad sanguineous lateral
margin.

Var. a. Black thoracic triangle deeply emarginate before.

Var. b. Beneath sanguineous on each side. [ 786]

Var. c. Thighs rufous; tibie and tarsi pale yellowish.

Var. d. Thorax sanguineous, with scarcely any appearance of
black.

Length from one-fifth to one-fourth of an inch in the tip of the
hemelytra.

Not uncommon in various parts of the Union. Nuttall ob-
tained a specimen in Arkansaw.

10. C. NuBrLus.—Varied with blackish and grayish; antenne,
basal joint hairy, robust.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body above varied with black and grayish green ; with numer-
ous short hairs: head and thorax chiefly green; antenna, joints
black at tip ; basal joint at least half the length of the second,
robust, hairy ; second joint perceptibly a little thicker at tip:
hemelytra with a grayish spot at tip of the corium, and on the
membrane a whitish marginal spot, and a yellowish angulated
line : beneath grayish green, a little dusky each side: feet green-
ish: rostrum extending between the posterior feet.

Length to tip of hemelytra one-fourth of an inch.

Var. a. Tip of the corium with an obscure rufous spot; be-
neath dusky irrorate with pale, greenish along the middle.

11. C. MepIUs.—Sanguineous, antenna, scutel and inner por-
tion of the hemelytra black.

Inhabits Indiana.

342 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

Body sanguineous, more or less tinged with fulvous, not dis-
tinctly punctured: head with two black vittze between the eyes
and one at base of the rostrum, a transverse black line on the
neck: antennz black: thorax sometimes a little dusky behind ;
seutel black: hemelytra black; exterior margin of the corium
sanguineous : pectus a little dusky in the middle: abdomen black
at tip: feet black, whitish at base: rostrum black.

Length to tip of hemelytra one-fourth of an inch.

Var. a. General color ochreous.

Resembles goniphorus nob., but is a smaller and more slender
insect, aside from other differences, such as the antenne being
entirely black, the second joint not larger at tip than at base, Xe.
It is more closely allied to conflwentus nob., which, however, has
the inner margin only of the corium dusky and the feet whitish

at base. [ 787 |
12. C. rnstanrs.—Black ; head, thorax and scutel more or less
sanguineous.

Inhabits United States.

Body black ; sanguineous, with a black mark at the base of
the rostrum, sometimes extending into a triangle of which the
apex is at the base of the head; antenne black: first joint not
half as long as the second; second joint not remarkably larger
at tip; remaining joints not abruptly smaller : thorax sanguine-
ous, sometimes with two blackish spots at base, which in some
specimens are so dilated as to occupy nearly all the surface ex-
cepting the anterior margin and a re-entering angle; scutel san-
guineous, with sometimes a blackish more or less dilated spot
each side at base; hemelytra immaculate; beneath sanguineous
varied with black: feet black.

Length to tip of hemelytra about one-fourth of an inch.

A specimen was sent me from Georgia by Mr. Oemler, and
in my cabinet are others which I think were taken in Pennsyl-
vania. A variety has the scutel entirely black and the thorax
black excepting the anterior margin.

13. C. scrupEUS.—Black ; thorax with two black dots, and
with the scutel yellowish.

Inhabits United States.

Body black: head with a dull yellowish line and superior
orbits, variegated at the mouth and beneath: antenne, first joint

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 343

more than half the length of the second, and rather robust,
hairy ;. second joint a little thicker at tip: thorax yellowish,
anterior margin, two dots, and a slight dot near the posterior
angles black ; scutel yellowish, dusky on the middle of the base
and on the basal angles: hemelytra immaculate: feet with
minute pale points.

Length to tip of hemelytra nearly one-fourth of an inch.

Resembles insignis nob., but the second joint of the antennz
of that species is not obviously thicker at tip; the first joint is
naked, and much shorter than that of the present species, &e.

14. C. crrcumcrncrus.—Above black; with a sanguineous
margin, thoracic line and scutel.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black: head beneath excepting the trophi, sanguineous :
[788] thorax with the anterior and lateral narrow margins and
dorsal line acute before and gradually dilating behind, sanguine-
ous : scutel with a much dilated sanguineous line, broadest before
and gradually narrowing behind, occupying the greater portion of
the surface : hemelytra black with a sanguineous lateral margin,
extending as far as the membranous portion: pleura and pectus
ganguineous, with two black lines connecting the cox: feet
black ; venter sanguineous, a black line each side connected with
a large longitudinal spot behind the middle, extending to the tip
of the venter.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

Resembles C. medius nob., but may be distinguished by the
black thoracic vittee.

15. C. CONFLUENTUS [CONFLUENS].—Above sanguineous ;
inner margin of the corium dusky ; membrane black.

Tnhabits Missouri.

Body sanguineous: head blackish on the disk, or with two
black lines confluent behind and before: thorax with a dusky
transverse line before the middle: corium a little dusky on the
inner margin ; membrane black: scutel dark rufous or blackish :
pectus and postpectus varied with blackish: feet black: venter
black at tip.

Length about one-fourth of an inch.

Several specimens were obtained by Nuttall in Missouri. Re-
sembles goniphorus, but differs in many respects.

ities eee

344 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

16. C. sUBMARGINATUS.—Black ; disc fulvous, hemelytra with
whitish vitte.

Inhabits United States.

Body oblong, blackish; not distinctly punctured; head dull
fulvous, dise black : antennee black; first joint hardly one-third
the length of the second; second joint cylindric: thorax black ;
disk dull fulvous: hemelytra with a broad submarginal whitish
vitta, originating at the humerus and curving outwards at tip:
beneath dull fulvous: feet dull fulvous.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

I obtained one specimen in Missouri and another in Indiana.

‘17. C. @emrnus.—Black; a yellowish spot at tip of the
corium.

Inhabits Indiana. [ 789 ]

Body black; punctures distinct: antennee, basal joint white ;
remaining joints —: hemelytra at tip of the corium with a
large whitish yellow spot ; rostrum white : feet entirely greenish-
white.

Length nearly one-fourth of an inch.

The contrast between the hemelytral spot and the general
color, gives it a little the appearance of C. gothicus F., but it
cannot be confounded with that insect.

18. C. sryercus.—Black ; tibize and tarsi whitish.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body deep black, polished; minutely punctured or somewhat
rugulose: antenne, first joint less than half the length of the
second: second joint very slightly larger at tip; third joint
three-fourths the length of the second; incisure between the:
first and second joints whitish: feet with the trochanters, knees,
tarsi, excepting at tip, and tibiz, excepting the base of the pos-
terior pair, white.

Length over three-twentieths of an inch.

13. C. rustrormis.—Blackish, with three yellowish vitte ; an-
tenne, second joint fusiform.

Inhabits United States.

Body rather slender, blackish; antenne, first joint rufous,
cylindric; second joint robust, fusiform, more slender at base ;
third joint with a white base: thorax, anterior edge white : scu-

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 345

tel with a dilated white line : hemelytra, on the lateral and inner
margins of the corium whitish : abdomen at base and feet rufous
Length less than one-fourth of an inch.
The lateral margin of the corium is sometimes yellowish-
brown. The base of the abdomen in the recent specimen is
often sanguineous.

20. C. vrTRIPENNIS.—Yellowish ; hemelytra hyaline; subbi-
fasciate.

Inhabits United States.

Body oblong, pale greenish-yellow: head impunctured, neck
blackish : antenne, first joint three-fourths as long as the second,
pale rufous ; second joint not obviously larger at tip ; third joint
very short, whitish: thorax with large punctures ; scutel yellow,
black at base: hemelytra hyaline, the corium being as transpa-
rent as the membrane, with a common dusky vitta, curved out-
ward [790] behind the middle so as to form a band ; beyond is
another oblique arquated band originating at the middle of the
preceding one: beneath greenish.

Length nearly one-fifth of an inch.

A male in my collection has a large blackish spot on the base
of the thorax. [have taken it on the oak, in August, in Penn-
sylvania. I have also found an individual in Indiana.

21. C. invirus.—Dark livid or blackish ; beneath green with
a blackish lateral vitta.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body dark brownish livid or blackish, with numerous short
prostrate yellow hairs: head dull yellowish, with an impressed
longitudinal line: antenne, first joint less than half the length
of the second, which is hardly perceptibly larger at tip; third
joint more than half the length of the second, and as long again
as the fourth: thorax with small transversely confluent, super-
ficial punctures: scutel with a pale obsolete vitta, beyond the
middle: hemelytra with a whitish spot at tip of the corium and
a greenish lateral edge : beneath green, with a broad lateral black
vitta: feet green: posterior thighs black towards the tip.

Length nearly one-fourth of an inch.

22. C. IMBECILIS.—Blackish ; antenne second joint white at

tip ; hemelytra, with a white band before the middle and spot at
the coriaceous tip.

346 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body blackish-piceous; clypeus at tip and rostellum piceous :
antenne, first joint dull rufous, terminal third of the second joint
white : thorax, anterior segment with an impressed longitudinal
line: hemelytra, with a white band before the middle, and a ru-
fous spot near the tip of the coriaceous portion; tergum pale ;
feet pale rufous: coxee, intermediate and posterior pairs white.

Length under one-fifth of an inch.

23. C. rrRORATUS.—White ; hemelytra and posterior thighs
with green points.
Inhabits Indiana.

Body white, tinged with green : antenne, first joint with green
each side; remaining joints very pale brownish, the second black
at the basal incisure: thorax with a transverse indented line
[791] on the anterior submargin, connected with the anterior
edge by an indented line from its middle: hemelytra, except on
the membraneous portion, irrorate with green points: posterior
thighs on the superior edge, with five or six green points.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

24. ©. CHLORIONIS.—Green; first and last joints of the an-
tennz short, equal.
Inhabits Indiana.

Body green, immaculate, with numerous short hairs, impunc-
tured: antennee pale; first joint hardly one-fourth the length of
the second; second joint cylindric; third joint two-thirds the
length of the second; last joint nearly half as long as the third :
thorax a little tinged with yellowish : rostrum, feet yellowish.

Length nearly three-twentieths of an inch.

25. C. conon.—Grayish ; thorax with two black dots.
Inhabits Indiana.

Body brownish-gray, with numerous short yellowish hairs ;
antenne, basal joint robust, narrowed at base, two-thirds the
length of the second; second joint very slightly thicker at tip,
whitish in the middle and for a short space at base, and black-
ish at tip: third and fourth joints as long as the first, whitish *
thorax with a black orbicular dot each side of the middle: heme-
lytra with from three to five obsolete brownish spots on the

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 347

corium, and two or three on the membrane: beneath dusky,
varied with yellowish lineations on each side of the venter : feet
yellowish thighs dusky at tip; tibia with about two dusky annu-
lations.

Length over one-fourth of an inch.

This species, like many others, is subject to vary. It is some-
times yellowish, variegated with brownish, but the thoracic or-
bicular spots and the annulations of the second joint of the an-
tenne distinguish it.

The following species having large and very prominent eyes ;
antennz, excepting the first joint, remarkably slender and fili-
form, situated on the front above an imaginary line drawn be-
tween the anterior angles of the eyes, and with elongated feet,
may be separated under the subgeneric name Cy/lapus. [792]

26. C. TENUICORNIS.—Blackish : hemelytra one or two spotted
with whitish ; antennz, second joint white at tip; thighs annu-
lated.

Inhabits Indiana.

Head somewhat variegated with yellowish; almost vertical;
deeply impressed between the eyes, and with an impressed line:
eyes very prominent: antennz elongated, first joint robust,
black ; remaining joints slightly thickened at tip and terminating
in a white spot: thorax punctured, anterior margin somewhat
elevated, with an impressed line; an obsolete slender pale line
proceeds thence to the base: scutel punctured, with a hardly
elevated, carinated line, tip obsoletely whitish: hemelytra punc-
tured; an obsolete interrupted and abbreviated band near the
middle and a rather more distinct band near the tip of the coria-
ceous portions, whitish ; beneath piceous; a triangular spot over
the interval between the intermediate and posterior feet, pale
green: feet long, pale reddish-brown; thighs biannulate with
whitish beyond the middle: tibie with an obsolete annulus a
little beyond the middle.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

Readily distinguishable by the tenity [tenuity] of the antenne
and the very prominent eyes; the head also is almost vertical
and the feet are long. In the magnitude and prominence of the
eyes it resembles Salda and Acanthia.

348 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

27. O. BRAcTATUS.—Black; hemelytra with numerous golden
points.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black : antennze first joint nearly one-fourth the length
of the second; dull honey-yellow at base; second joint rather
long, very slightly larger towards the tip, dull honey-yellow in
the middle: hemelytra with numerous small spots consisting
each of afew golden hairs; membrane fuliginous: knees tibiz
and tarsi yellowish.

Length less than one-tenth of an inch.

It is a very small species often in company with the preceding.

MIRIS F.

1. M. vacans F.—I have compared our specimens with those
of Europe and do not observe a specific difference. It is com-
mon. [ 793 ]

2. M. porsatis.—Pale yellowish-rufous, immaculate; head
with an abbreviated indented line ; antenne rather robust, taper-
ing, rufous ; first joint rather thick, as long as the third; second
joint about three times as long as the third, cylindric; tergum
pale sanguineous excepting the margin; sexual carina elevated,
single.

Length less than three-tenths of an inch.

Inhabits United States.

The small hairs of the antenne are not equal to the diameter
of their respective joints.

TINGIS Fabr.

1. T. crntaTa.—Dilated; nervures and edge ciliate with short
spines: hemelytral lateral edge rectilinear.

Inhabits United States.

Whitish, reticulate with nervures on which are short spines ;
widely margined ; color whitish; thorax with an inflated carina
before, extending over the head; sides dilated, bullate, a little
elevated, lateral and anterior margins ciliate with short spines :
scutel with the lateral margin elevated, and an acute, highly
elevated carina on the middle: hemelytra dilated, with an in-
flated' carina before the middle of each, on which fis a brown
spot; edge ciliate with short spines, excepting the posterior

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 349

third and tip, which are unarmed rectilinear; beneath piceous-
black: feet pale yellowish.
Length to the tip of hemelytra three-twentieths of an inch.
The larva is spinous, fuscous, with a large yellowish spot each
side of the middle, and before the middle a broad yellowish vitta.
The species is very common.

2. T. CINEREA.—Not dilated, hemelytra with six or seven
marginal spots.

Inhabits United States.

Body gray; not dilated on the margin; with much dilated
punctures; head deeply bifid at tip and with a short robust
spine between the eye and antenne ; antenne, basal joint spheri-
cal, abruptly smaller at base; second joint not longer than the
first, and less dilated; thorax with four elevated lines, obsolete
behind; anterior lateral margin a little dilated: hemelytra
covered, like the thorax, with dilated, approximate punctures,
[794] and having on the lateral margin a series of six or seven
black spots; beneath grayish, more or less varied with brown:
venter brownish, with spots or lines of grayish.

Length to tip of hemelytra more than one-tenth of an son

In form much resembling 7. cardui F. It is not uncommon.

3. T. mMuTIcA.—Thorax and scutel with a single line; heme-
lytra with a brown spot.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body grayish-brown, unarmed, not dilated on the margin ; with
much dilated punctures: antennee, second joint rather thicker
than the first: thorax, with a paler, slender, glabrous line, and
paler line each side: scutel with a paler line on the middle, and
a short one each side, not elevated; hemelytra like the thorax
with dilated approximate punctures; on the middle an obvious
darker, irregular spot or band ; membrane reticulate with brown;
beneath dusky : tibie paler.

Length to tip of hemelytra over- one-tenth of an inch.

4, T. pLexus.—Thorax and scutel trilineate; hemelytra ob-
securely and minutely reticulate.

Inhabits United States.

Body brownish, more or less tinged with yellow, with dilated

350 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

approximate punctures ; head with three elevated lines: thorax
not dilated on the sides; with three elevated lines: scutel also
with three elevated lines: hemelytra with small, symmetrical,
orbicular reticulations of nervures; two series of which on the
lateral margin are a little larger; those near the inner margin
of the membrane also a little larger.

Length to tip of hemelytra nearly three-twentieths of an inch.

5. T. arcuata.—Dilated; nervures and edge ciliate with
short spines; lateral edge of the hemelytra arquated.

Inhabits United States.

Whitish with brown spots; dilated; edge, excepting behind,
and many of the nervures, ciliated with short spines; nervures
pale brownish: thorax with an inflated carina, extending over
the head, with one or two large brown spots; sides dilated,
bullate, with a brown spot: scutel with an acute, highly elevated
carina on the middle, on which is a brown transverse line:
hemelytra with an inflated carina before the middle of each,
[795 | on which is a brown spot; and a brown band before the
carina, and another on the terminal margin: lateral edge con-
cavely arquated, without spines on its posterior third and tip :
tergum and beneath black ; feet yellowish.

Length to tip of hemelytra nearly three-tenths of an inch.

Resembles ciliata N., but may be distinguished by the brown
bands and the arquated exterior edge of the hemelytra.

ARADUS Fabr.

1. A. cRENATUS.—Antenne, second and third joints subequal
cylindrical [;] edge of the abdomen obtusely crenated.

Inhabits United States.

Body dull brown or yellowish-brown; head inequal, with two
longitudinal indented lines: an acute projecting point before
each eye; tip prominent, obtuse: antenne, second joint cylin-
dric, hardly longer than the third, which is cylindrical, slightly
narrower at base: fourth joint a little longer than the third,
rather thicker at tip and obtuse: thorax quadrilineate; sides
widely rounded, obviously recurved, and irregularly dentate on
the edge: scutel, margin elevated; hemelytra minutely dentate
on the exterior basal edge: tergum rufous, margin cinereous
with blackish angular spots: edge rather deeply crenate: be-

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 351

neath dull rufous in the middle: feet yellowish, annulate with
brownish.

Length nearly nine-twentieths of an inch.

Much larger than quadrilineatus nob., which has short and
robust antenne, the second joint smaller at base, &c. Mr. Nuttall
presented me with an individual taken in Missouri, and I pos-
sess other specimens obtained in this State.

2. A. acurtus.—Third and fourth joints of the antennz to-
gether, two-thirds the length of the second.

Inhabits Florida and Indiana.

Body fuscous: head inequal, with two longitudinal, indented
lines; an acute, projecting point before each eye: tip promi-
nent, obtuse: antennze black; second joint elongated, narrower
at base: third and fourth joints equal; taken together not more
than two-thirds the length of the second: thorax quadrilineate,
three or four very obvious denticulations on the anterior part
[796] of the lateral edge; scutel on the edge a little elevated ;
hemelytra on the humerus dull yellowish with a denticulated
edge; tergum with quadrate cinereous spots in a series within
the margin ; margin with obsolete pale spots and incisures : tibiae
paler than the thighs: venter tinged with rufous.

Length over seven-twentieths of an inch.

Like planus Fabr. ; but the second joint of the antenne of that
insect is shorter, cylindric, and the third and fourth joints alto-
gether are nearly equal in length to the third.

It is abundant in Indiana as well as in Florida and varies in
having the nervures of the hemelytral membrane margined with
whitish.

3. A. stmitis.—Third and fourth joints of the antennz to-
gether as long as the second.

Inhabits United States.

Body brown: head inequal, with two longitudinal, indented
lines: an acute, projecting point before each eye; tip prominent
obtuse : antennze,, second joint cylindrical, very slightly thicker
towards the tip; third joint whitish, cylindric half as long as the
second ; fourth joint fuscous, a little shorter than the third and
narrowed a little toward the base: thorax quadrilineate, lateral
edge dentate: tergum slightly serrate ‘on the lateral edge: be-
neath fuscous on the disk: feet brownish.

352 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

Length over one-fourth of an inch.

Resembles the acutus nob., which however has the second
joint of the antenne longer and the ultimate joints equal. It
still more resembles planus F., but the antennee of that species
are obviously more robust. The penultimate joint of the antennz
is sometimes very dull and almost obsoletely whitish.

2. A. REcTUS—Hemelytra not dilated at the humerus.

Inhabits Missouri and Florida.

Body fuscous, rather slender: head with an indented line each
side ; an acute, projecting point before each eye; tip prominent,
obtuse ; antennze, joints very slightly smaller towards the base ;
second joint nearly as long as the third and fourth together ;
the latter a little shorter than the third: thorax quadrilineate
and having the thicker abbreviated line near the exterior angle
very distinct; scutel with the edge considerably elevated :
[797] hemelytra, corium rather long, the humerus not dilated,
but rectilinear with the remaining part of the edge; grayish with
fuscous nervures.

Length over three-twentieths of an inch.

A small species ; sufficiently distinct from the preceding by the
rectilinear edge of the hemelytra.

5. A. oRNATUS.—Hemelytra, abdomen and feet pale ; antennz
robust.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body blackish-fuscous : head with the process before the eyes,
prominent, acute; antennze robust: thorax rather short; sides
depressed and a little reflected; edge regularly rounded : pos-
terior margin with about three glabrous, polished spots: scutel
concave towards the tip: hemelytra whitish, more or less spotted
with brown; humerus prominent, rounded: abdomen pale rufous,
margin paler, with blackish lines: feet yellowish, thighs at base
and tibie blackish, but paler on the posterior pairs.

Length under one-fourth of an inch.

Resembles guadrilineatus nob., but the polished thoracic spots
and the much more prominent and rounded humerus, not to
mention its coloring, readily distinguishes it.

6. A. mQquaLis.—Second and third joints of the antennz
equal, thoracic margin reflected.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 353

Inhabits Indiana.

Body fuscous: head with the process before the eyes acute and
rather prominent; nasus somewhat robust: antenne reddish-
brown, second and third joints equal; fourth joint two-thirds
the length of the third: thorax with two approximate elevated
lines and a less obvious lateral line which is obsolete before ;
lateral margin rather widely reflected, yellowish: hemelytra
varied a little with dull yellowish: humerus yellowish, dilated ;
tergum with rather broad transverse rufous lines on the margin ;
rostrum longer than the head: venter, on the margin like the
margin of the tergum.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

The equality in length of the second and third joints of the
antenne, distinguishes this species. [ 798 ]

7. A. GRANULATUS.—Second joint of the antenne shorter
than the third ; corium but little longer than the scutel, edge of
the thorax obtusely emarginate.

Inhabits Florida and Indiana.

Body fuscous, densely granulated: head with an impressed
line each side near the eyes and two near the middle, an acute
point before the eyes and an obtuse tip: antenne rather short,
second and fourth joints equal; third joint longest: thorax
slightly lineated before, but without any appearance of an elevated
line behind : lateral edge obtusely emarginate before the middle:
scutel broad, obtuse at tip: hemelytra narrower than the abdo-
men; humerus not dilated; nervures distinct; corium but little
longer than the scutel, with rather prominent nervyures; mem-
brane dull whitish: wings as long as the hemelytra: tergum,
beneath the wings, rufous: rostrum not longer than the head.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

I found it common in Florida.

With the two following species, it possesses many characters
in common with Aneurus, and may be considered as the connec-
ting link with that genus. It has the short, dilated rostrum ;
the second joint of the antennz shorter than the third; the
wide, obtuse scutel; the short feet, and the anterior feet set wide
apart as in that genus, but the appearance of the head and the
structure of the hemelytra correspond with <Aradus, excepting
the brevity of the corium.

23

354 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

8. A. EMARGINATUS.—Thorax obtusely emarginate before the
middle, edge without elevated lines behind.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body black: head with an acute tubercle at base of the
antenne, and another behind the eye: antenne, first joint more
robust than the others, rather suddenly attenuated at base, some-
what larger than the apical prominence of the head; second
joint shorter than the first, and not longer than the last; third
joint longest; terminal joint attenuated at base, pale at tip:
thorax transversely impressed in the middle, the impression
terminating each side in an obtuse emargination, edge very
minutely crenate ; anterior margin slightly quadrilobate ; heme-
lytra [ 799] at the termination obliquely rectilinear ; corium but
little longer than the scutel.

Length nearly three-tenths of an inch.

The thorax has no appearance of elevated lines, but these are
substituted by four slightly elevated obtuse bulle on the anterior
margin. This species is closely allied to granulatus nob., but is
a much larger insect.

9. [A.] Lopatus.—Thorax acutely emarginate before the mid-
dle of the edge, without elevated lines behind.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body fuscous, granulated : head with the projection before the
eyes rather obtuse, tip robust, obtuse ; antennee, third joint longer
than the second : thorax quadrilineate before the middle ; lateral
edge acutely emarginate before the middle, anterior angles lobi-
form: scutel with an elevated line and lateral edge: hemelytra
with a short corium; much narrower than the tergum: rostrum
not longer than the head.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

Resembles granulatus and emarginatus nob., but the nasus and
angulated projection before the eye are much more obtuse, and
the emargination of the lateral edge of the thorax is acute and
more profound, and the thoracic lineations are in much higher
relief. The species is uncommon.

ANEURUS Curtis.

A. poLitus.— Rufous; tubercle before the eyes short obtuse.
Inhabits Florida.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 355

Body rufous, somewhat polished; minutely rugulous, much
depressed: head fuscous, excepting the prominent lobe or nasus
which is subacute, tubercle before the eyes scarcely prominent,
obtuse: thorax brown behind; anterior angles rather prominent
and rounded ; lateral edge widely emarginate : scutel brown, con-
vex ; hemelytra brown at base, fuliginous towards the tip.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

Resembles the Jevis Fabr., but the hemelytra are not dull
white on the margin; and the tubercle before the eyes is not
prominent, as represented by Curtis. [ 800]

REDUVIUS Fabr.

1. R. tryiraris.—Black, thoracic and abdominal margin,
basal margin of the hemelytra, coxze and pectoral spots san-
guineous.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, somewhat hairy: thorax transversely impressed
before the middle; a narrow sanguineous margin all around:
seutel with a narrow sanguineous margin: hemelytra with the
basal third of the costal edge dilating a little on the humerus,
sanguineous: abdomen on the superior and inferior margin san-
guineous: feet anterior pairs, trochanters and above each foot
on the pectus, sanguineous; posterior tibie slightly curved near
the tip, and with a hairy dilation nearly ‘equal to the diameter
of the tibie.

Length to tip of hemelytra seven-tenths of an inch.

Both this and the following species have many points of agree-
ment with the Fabrician description of crassipes, which, how-
ever, is “ fuscous :” “ thorax margine laterali et postico tenuissime
rufo. Scutellum nigrum.” It is the anterior pairs of the tibie
that are robust and they exhibit on the anterior tip a groove to
_ receive the tarsi.

[Belongs to Apiomerus.—UHLER. |

2. R. VENTRALIS.—Brown-black ; posterior margin of the
elytra, and abdomen sanguineous, the latter with lateral black
spots and lateral vittze beneath.

Inhabits Missouri.

Body brown-black, somewhat hairy: thorax transversely im-
pressed before the middle; anterior portion inequal; posterior
portion margined each side and behind narrowly with sanguine-

356 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

ous: hemelytra with a rufous corium: abdomen sanguineous,
with large marginal quadrate black spots above and beneath and
dilated lateral black ventral vittae: coxe sanguineous: not re-
markably distinguished.

Length about two-fifths of an inch.

The feet are not remarkably dilated as in crassipes F.: the
species is also described to have “ elytra fusca basi parum rufa”
“corpus nigrum pectore utrinque punctis, abdomine margine
rubris” “pedes incrassati,’ &¢c. I owe it to the kindness of
Nuttall.

3. R. acumtnatus. Yellow, dusky along the middle; head
vesicular behind; hairy.

Inhabits Indiana. [801]

Body honey-yellow, very hairy: head short, almost rounded,
sub-equally divided by a deeply indented line behind the eyes ;
posterior lobe vesicular, somewhat inflated, short ; antennze fus-
cous, pale at base: rostrum, basal joint longer than the second
and third together: thorax subequally divided by a deeply in-
dented line; anterior lobe somewhat longer, deeply divided by a
longitudinal line ; posterior portion with an indented line before,
and a blackish disk: seutel with three elevated lines and termi-
minating in an acuminated spine; hemelytra dusky along the
middle ; anterior tibiee a litle dilated at tip: beneath with a broad,
piceous vitta each side and a carinate line along the middle.

Length one fifth of an inch.

When alarmed, the basal joint of the antennz, which is nearly
as long as the head and thorax, is thrown backward, and the
second joint deflected. It is common.

4. R. picers.—Yellowish; hemelytra whitish: head bilobate.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body a little hairy: head elongated; profoundly impressed
behind the eyes, bilobate : rostrum robust: second joint longest :
antenne second and third joints equal, fourth hardly shorter,
and no less robust; basal joint shorter: thorax with two trans-
verse impressed lines and a slightly indented longitudinal one :
hemelytra and wings whitish; anterior feet somewhat robust ;
their tibiz gradually dilated to the tip.

Length to tip of hemelytra over one-tenth of an inch.

The impressed line of the head is remarkably deep, giving the

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 357

appearance of a double head; the impressed line of the thorax
is on the posterior submargin, and the anterior impressed line is
very obvious.

5. R. nsip1osus.—Black; hemelytra pale at base of the
corium ; membrane milky-white.

Inhabits United States.

Body very small, black, punctured ; antennz whitish, somewhat
hairy; basal joint blackish; second joint longer than the third ;
fourth joint as long as the third, a little dilated and compressed :
thorax minutely rugulous transversely and with a slight trans-
verse [ 802] indentation: scutel transversely rugulous : heme-
lytra yellowish-white on the corium at tip of which is a large,
triangular, blackish spot; membrane milky-white : feet whitish ;
thighs, excepting their tips, black.

Length more than one-twentieth of an inch.

This is a very common little species in almost every part of the
Union, on flowers. The large triangular black hemelytra spots.
are very conspicuous. The antenne are rather short and robust.
The lateral edge of the thorax is not interrupted.

6. R. mMuscutus.—Black ; hemelytra white, corium and mem-
brane blackish at tips; feet honey-yellow.

Inhabits North-west Territory.

Body small, unarmed, black, somewhat polished: antenne
: thorax a little contracted on the anterior margin, almost
like a short neck; on the middle an obtusely impressed, but not
profound band, behind which the surface is minutely wrinkled ;
posterior margin deeply and obtusely emarginated : scutel rugose
towards the depressed tip: hemelytra, whitish, hyaline; corium
with a large blackish spot occupying the posterior half; membrane
dusky towards the tip: feet honey-yellow; tarsi dusky at tip.

Length to tip of hemelytra over three-twentieths of an inch.

Resembles the preceding, but it is larger, the head more elon-
gated and otherwise very distinct.

7. R. pecroraLis nob.—New species of N. Amer. Ins. found
by J. Barabino. [Ante, p. 306.]. A complicated spine beneath
the eye and a projecting spine each side of the pectus before.

308 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

PETALOCHEIRUS Beauv.

1. P. crucratus.—Sanguineous, thoracic spot, scutel and
hemelytra black; scutel bifid at tip.

Inhabits United States.

Body sanguineous : head black behind the eyes ; antenne black :
thorax with a longitudinal impressed line extending nearly to
the base and forming a cruciate mark with the transverse line ;
an irregular black spot on the disk; scutel rugulose, lip [tip]
orbicularly bifid: hemelytra black ; humerus yellowish: pectus
and postpectus black: feet whitish; thighs at tip and tibiee
[803] at tip and base blackish; tarsi dusky; rostrum pale,
second joint blackish.

Length half an inch.

IT have taken this insect in Indiana and Missouri, and Mr.
Oemler sent me a specimen from Georgia.

[This is Letrychotes bicolor H. Schiiffer, 8, tab. 266, fig. 822.—
UBLER. |

2. P. BIauTTATUS nob., New Sp. of N. Amer. Ins. found by

J. Barabino, p. 13. [Ante, p. 307.] Hemelytra with a yellow
spot beyond the middle and another at base.

NABIS Latr.
1. N. purcig Drury (Cimex) Ins. V. p. 63, pl. 45, f 4. I

took many specimens in Georgia and Florida.
[ Belongs to Hammatocerus—U HLER. |

2. N. NOVENARIUS nob., (Reduyius) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci.
[Ante, p. 71. Belongs to Prionotus—UHLER. ]

PLOIARIA Scop.

1. P. rRATERNA.—Brown; feet immaculate; hemelytra as
long as the head and thorax.

Inhabits New Orleans.

Body slender and elongated, brown; resembling P. ; Amer.
Entom. y. 3, pl. 47, [Ante, p. 106,] but is smaller; feet im-
maculate: largest spine of the anterior feet white, with a black
tip; tibia blackish: head paler than the thorax, with a double
brown line diverging anteriorly before the transversed impressed

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 359

line: posterior portion pale; hemelytra hardly longer than the
anterior portion of the body.

Length to tip of hemelytra seven-tenths of an inch.

This insect was sent to me by Mr. Barabino. It closely re-
sembles our common species represented in the Am. Entom.
vol. 3, pl. 47, but is much smaller, and the feet have no appear-
ance of annulations.

3. [2] P. erRABUNDA.—This is so closely allied to P. vaga-
bunda Fabr., that I give it a distinct name with much hesitation ;
nevertheless the anterior thighs are somewhat less elongated, with
the two basal spines much more prominent than the others ; the
abdomen is immaculate, the annulations of the feet are much
more obvious; the lateral carinate line of the thorax has a pro-
minence like an obtuse spine before : in these characters it differs
from the vagabunda: but in the spotted appearance of the heme-
lytra and the form and magnitude of the scutellar spines it re-
sembles that species.

[A synonym of this species is P. maculata Hald. Proc. Ac.
Nat. Se. Phil., 3, 151.—Unter.] [ 804 |

ACANTHIA Schr. Latr.

1. A. LiGATA.—Black, with yellowish spots ; exterior margin
of the thorax and hemelytra yellowish.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black: head with yellow orbits ; thorax with an indented
spot before the middle : lateral margin yellow with a black edge ;
at base two yellow spots: scutel with a yellow spot on the lateral
margin near the base and two other spots or abbreviated lines near
the tip: hemelytra with yellow spots; a yellow lateral margin
and black edge; membrane fuliginous, with a transverse series
of dull yellowish, oblong spots, and a yellow marginal spot: feet
pale with one or two longitudinal black lines, which on the thighs
are more or less dilated: venter, segments on their posterior
margins pale yellow.

Length to tip of hemelytra one-fourth of an inch.

2. A. HIRTA.—Hairy, brownish, darker hefore.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body densely hairy, dull yellowish-brown or fuliginous : head
a little darker at base: thorax blackishbefore the transverse line ;

360 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

seutel blackish : hemelytra conspicuously hairy, with a [few] dull
yellowish spots, as well on the membrane as the corium: pectus
a little varied with black; remaining inferior surface including
the feet immaculate.

Length to tip of hemelytra under one-fourth of an inch.

This species may be recognised by its more obviously hairy
vesture ; its color is also paler than usual in this genus.

3. A. LUGUBRIS.—Black ; membrane of the hemelytra, ob-
tusely [obsoletely] spotted.

Inhabits Missouri. _

Body black, subopake : head between the antenne with three
yellowish points: antenne first and second joints dull yellowish
before : thorax and scutel immaculate : hemelytra immaculate on
the corium, or with an obsolete dull yellowish point on the
middle of the tip; membrane with two or three obsolete dull
yellowish spots, [on the ?] inner margin and tip: beneath with a
yellowish spot before each of the anterior feet ; feet pale yellow.
ish; tibiae and tarsi more dusky: thighs, particularly the
anterior and posterior pairs, with a more or less dilated black
[805 ] line toward their tips: coxe black : anterior pair yellow-
ish at tip, remaining pairs slightly tipped with yellowish.

Length to tip of hemelytra less than three-tenths of an inch.

For this species | am indebted to Nuttall, who obtained it in
Missouri.

4, A. HUMULIS [HUMILIS].—Black, hemelytra with a yellow-
ish margin and three spots.

Inhabits Florida.

Body black, with short, scattered hairs: head with a trans-
verse white line before and a longitudinal yellowish line on the
nasus : antenne fuscous, basal joint whitish before: thorax with
an impressed puncture before the impressed transverse line:
hemelytra with the exterior margin [and] three rather large spots
along the sub-margin, yellowish, membrane dull yellowish, with
black nervures and fuscous oblong spots in a transverse series
alternating with the nervures: feet and rostrum yellowish.

Length to tip of hemelytra one-tenth of an inch.

The interstitialis nob., which this resembles, has the exterior
margin of the hemelytra black and is much larger; it has also a

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 361

large spot on the middle of the tip of the hemelytra, that does
not exist in this species.

The interstitialis is much like the Jittoralis Fabr., but in none
of my specimens of the latter is there a large yellowish spot on
the middle of the tip of the corium.

5. A. CONFLUENTA [CONFLUENS].—Black; membrane of the
hemelytra with a blackish band.

Inhabits United States.

Antenne pale at base: head and thorax immaculate: corium
with a large marginal spot before the middle and another at tip ;
two small spots [where ?]; membrane with fuscous nervures
and a continuous, blackish, arquated band on the middle: feet
whitish ; tarsi with blackish tips ; thighs with an obsolete brown
line: venter whitish at tip.

Length to tip of hemelytra one-fourth of an inch.

The band of the membrane does not reach the inner margin.

It is equal in size to ligata. [ 806 }

HYDROMETRA Latr.

H. wineEata.—Fuscous ; hemelytra dull whitish with black
nervures.

Inhabits United States.

Body fuscous, or brown, more or less deep: hemelytra dull
whitish or dusky, with black nervures: wings opake white, with
black nervures: tergum pale, quadrilineate with black; two of
the lines on the edge and the interval betweeen the two inner
lines dull whitish or bright yellow ; the incisures of the segments
more or less black: beneath and feet obscure yellowish: thorax
with a more or less obvious pale line.

Length seyen-twentieths of an inch.

This is very much like the stagnorum F., but the hemelytra
are not testaceous, and there is no thoracic impressed line.

[Male ?] Body blued-black ; thorax with a pale line ; antennze
and feet dark honey-yellow ; tergum and venter without lines.

Var. a. australis, Head beyond the eyes a little longer and a
little more dilated at tip; second joint of the antennz a little
more dilated at tip: abdomen with five lateral whitish points.

Inhabits New Orleans.

362 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

GERRIS Latr.

1. G. RemiIcts.—Dark olivaceous; thorax rounded behind,
without an elevated line.

Inhabits United States.

Body dark brownish-olivaceous; thorax transversely rugulose
without much appearance of a dorsal raised line: a dull ochra-
ceous and indented line before ; posterior margin regularly and
obtusely rounded with but a very narrow depressed margin :
tergum with a black line on the middle, in which is a series of
obsolete gray lines ; lateral margin with a series of grayish points
or short transverse lines: beneath with a silvery sericeous reflec-
tion, an impressed line on the anterior part of the pectus behind
the anterior feet.

Length half an inch.

A great similarity exists between some of the species of this
genus, and I have ventured to separate this species from the
paludum ¥., which is said to have an elevated line on the thorax
and another on the pectus and postpectus. [ 807}

The thorax on the posterior segment is generally obtusely
tinged with dull yellowish, with a blackish longitudinal line in |
the middle.

Var. a. Thoracic elevated line rather more obvious : grey lines
of the middle of the tergum more distinct.

Inhabits Mexico.

2. G. MARGINATUS.—Thorax with an elevated line: behind
with an obvious depressed margin ; abdominal margin dull rufous.
Inhabits United States. :

Body blackish, more or less tinged with olivaceous: thorax
with a raised line, more elevated behind; lateral indented edge
dull rufous; posterior depressed margin rather wide and very
obvious : abdomen with the margin dull rufous: feet dull rufous ;
anterior thighs with a blackish line on both sides; coxe dull
rufous beneath: beneath with a slightly elevated line, termi-
nating anteriorly in a depressed one; blackish, with a silvery
reflection.

Length over seven-twentieths of an inch.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 363

Much smaller than the preceding, and more slender, of a
darker color; abdominal margin of a different color, and the
posterior margin of the thorax is broadly depressed. I obtained
an individual, and Nuttall gave [me] one which he took in Mis-
souri.

3. G. CANALICULATUS.—Above brownish; beneath yellowish,
with a pectoral groove extending to the venter.

Inhabits Georgia.

Head dark brown, with a silvery line from the eye to the
antenne: antennz honey-yellowish and feet of the same color,
the tarsi dusky: thorax dull yellowish or dull fulvous, darker
each side, with a dorsal dull fulyous line and lateral margin,
beneath which is a double black line enclosing a silvery one:
hemelytra brown with black nervyures: tergum fulvous with a
black lateral line and yellowish margin: terminal spines even
with the tip of the tail: beneath yellowish fulvous: pectus with '
an obvious groove, extending to the venter, and in which behind
is a blackish line.

Length less than two-fifths of an inch. [ 808 }

Differs from marginatus nob. in haying an obvious groove be-
neath extending to the venter. The whole inferior [surface] also
‘is yellowish, with the usual silvery reflection: the posterior de-
pressed margin of the thorax is not so wide as in that species,
and has no raised line.

NAUCORIS Geoff. Latr.

1. N. prorunpA.—Oval, dark greenish, rugulose; inferior
- membrane velvet black.

Inhabits Mexico.

The whole surface is covered with a minute, confused rough-
ness; the form is rather dilated oval: thorax profoundly emar-
ginate to receive the head; posterior submarginal line very
distinct ; lateral margin depressed: posterior angles obtusely
rounded: hemelytra with the covered membrane deep velvet
black: tergum dull yellowish with a blackish line on the edge
and spots on the margin: beneath blackish fuscous: feet green-
ish; anterior pair of thighs dilated, triangular, ciliated with
golden hair.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

364 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

The femorata Beauv., is less dilated, polished, the head larger,
and less profoundly inserted into the thorax, the thorax is also
not marginally depressed and its angles are not obtusely rounded
as in this species. It was taken by Wm. Bennett and presented
to me by Mr. Maclure.

2. N. srycica.—Black, front quadrilineate.

Inhabits Georgia.

Body oval, brown-black, rather rough: head crenate on the
front so as to form four denticulations: eyes rounded, rather
prominent: thorax not emarginate before, with a slightly de-
pressed margin behind; anterior thighs dilated triangular : heme-
lytra with oblique lines; they appear united at the suture.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

I have but one mutilated specimen which was sent to me by
Mr. Oemler. If I am not deceived by this specimen, the species
is apterous and the hemelytra are united by a rectilinear suture,
which will require the formation of a separate genus which may

be named Nerthra. [809]
BELOSTOMA Latr.

1. B. rLuMINEA.—Fuscous ; head before the eyes attenuated ;
feet spotted.

Inhabits United States.

Body rather long ovate, grayish or fuscous: head rapidly
tapering from the anterior canthus of the eyes to the tip, form-
ing in that part an equilateral triangle, of which the tip is ob-
tuse, but less than one-fourth the breadth of the space between
the eyes: the anterior lobe or nasus hardly reaches the line
between the anterior canthus of the eyes: thorax a little emar-
ginate before, and less obviously so on each side ; posterior to the
transverse suture and a narrow lateral margin, paler: tibize and
and tarsi each with three black spots or interrupted annulations.

Length from seyen-tenths to four-fifths of an inch.

This species is no doubt related to B. rustica Fabr., but he
describes the thorax of that species as being white before.
Like that species, the female carries her eggs upon her back.
Stoll’s figure of the rustica represents it of a short ovate form.
It has not an extensive range. I purchased a specimen taken
New Haven, one was sent to me from Georgia by Mr. Oemler of

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 365

Savannah and it is found in Pennsylvania and in Indiana and
Louisiana.

Var. a. immaculata. Much smaller; lateral margin of the
thorax depressed and slightly reflected ; feet immaculate.

Length half an inch.

Most probably a distinct species, but I have seen but one spe-
cimen.

As the large North American species does not appear to have
been noticed, I will add a description of it.

{Previously described as B. Boscii Serv. Enc. Meth. 10, 273 :
Zaitha Boscii Amyot and Sery. 450: Perthostoma auruntiacum
Leidy, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. 2d ser. 1,62. It really
belongs to the latter genus, and not to Zaitha.— UHLER. ]

2. B. antseA.—Oblong-oval ; head before the eyes very short,
not attenuated ; beneath with three blackish vitte.

Inhabits United States.

Body oblong-suboval, slightly wider behind the middle, gray-
ish-brown varied with fuscous or blackish, particularly on each
side of the disks of the thorax and scutel: head between the
eyes hardly tapering from the base to the tip: from the anterior
canthus of the eyes to the tip, shorter than broad, not narrowed:
[810] thorax, lateral edge rectilinear: pectus and postpectus
yellow, with three broad black vitte, which become more dilated,
brown and less obvious on the abdomen: feet obsoletely suban-
nulate.

Length two inches and one-fifth; greatest breadth less than
nine-tenths of an inch.

Occurs in various parts of the Union. I received a specimen
many years since from Dr. F. V. Melsheimer labelled Nepa grisea,
which name I retain. It differs from the preceding in magni-
tude, in the form of the anterior part of the head, &c. It is
much like the B. grandis Linn., but is hardly half as large, and
if Stoll’s figure of that insect has any pretensions to accuracy,
it is in other respects quite distinct. In that figure the greatest
breadth is at the base of the elytra, Xe.

It inhabits from Canada to Florida.

[Subsequently described as B. annulipes H. Schiffer, 8, tab-
258, fig. 803 and 804: also as B. americanum Leidy, Journ.

366 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 2d ser. 1,58. It is found from Puget
Sound to Mexico, and from Maine to Florida, and thence to Bra-
zil. Dr. Leidy expresses the belief that it is ouly a variety of
B. grandis, in which opinion I entirely coincide. Stoll’s figure
represents B. indicum, and should not have been cited for the
present species.—U HLER. |

3. B. prnatata.—Dark grayish-brown, much dilated, ovate
somewhat depressed : head obsoletely varied with dull-yellowish :
thorax with the lateral margin very distinct; anterior edge ob-
viously elevated ; impressed line of the posterior submargin well
defined, not abbreviated ; feet somewhat annulated ; venter tinged
with rufous.

Inhabits Mexico.

Length one inch and one-tenth.

Resembles fluminea nob., but is much larger and proportionally
much more dilated. It was found between Vera Cruz and Jalapa
by Wm. Bennett and presented to me by Mr. Maclure.

[This is the Paysan americain Stoll, Punaises, 11, pl. 1, fig. 1;
Amyot and Serville have given it the name of Stollet. It belongs
to Zaitha, and was described in Stanbury’s Expedition to Great
Salt Lake as Z. bifoveata Hald. 370, pl. 10, fig. 1. It is also
figured by H. Schiffer (9, 292) as Z. Stollei —UHLuER. ]

CORIXIA Geoff. Latr.

1. ©. cAtvA.—Thorax eight or nine lined: lines of the heme-
lytra subequal.

"Inhabits United States.

Body above glabrous, polished, pale yellowish, with transverse,
black lines: head immaculate, the posterior angles distinct:
thorax with eight or nine black transverse lines: hemelytra with
numerous, undulated or angulated black transverse lines more
or less bifid and inosculated ; those of the anterior inner portion
not larger than the others; lateral grooves and all beneath yel-
lowish white.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch. [811]

Quite distinct from the interrupta and alternata nob., which
are both minutely rugulous.

2. C. ABDOMINALIS.—Abdomen sanguineous at base.
Inhabits Mexico.

HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA. 367

Body blackish, with slender, yellowish transverse lines: head
greenish-yellow, with a broad dusky line on each side of the mid-
dle, not extending to the orbit and hardly reaching the vertex,
but dilated over the mouth: thorax with twelve to sixteen linea-
tions: hemelytra minutely wrinkled longitudinally ; transverse
lineations not larger on the inner margin; lateral groove pale
fulvous, particularly towards the base where it is hooked, and
on the middle it has an oblique black spot: tergum at base
sanguineous : pectus and postpectus black ; feet yellowish ; ante-
rior pair black at tip: intermediate pair black on the tibize and
the tip of the thighs; posterior pair, tibize and tip of the tarsi
black : venter at base sanguineous.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

This was found in Mexico by Wm. Bennett, and sent me by
Mr. Maclure. In point of size it resembles interrupta nob.,
which, however, is but obsoletely wrinkled at the base of the
hemelytra: its transverse lineations are much more undulated,
and the abodomen is pale yellowish beneath ; the feet also are im-
maculate.

3. OC. MERCENARIA.—With the line subequal and an imma-
culate space at base.

Inhabits Mexico.

Body smooth, pale yellowish ; head immaculate, convex before,
and with an obsolete carina and a few punctures: thorax with
about eight or nine transverse black lines: hemelytra with
numerous, equally slender, transverse somewhat confused, black
lines: a large immaculate space at base; channel of the exterior
margin interrupted, immaculate, excepting a dusky dot at tip
and a less obvious one beyond the middle; tip rounded : venter
blackish, lateral margin and posterior margins of the segments
whitish.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

On comparison with the alternata nob., it may be distinguished
by the equality of the lineations of the hemelytra, those of that
[ 812] species being much more regular and wider on the inner
anterior margin than on other parts of the hemelytra. The
thorax and hemelytra also of that species are minutely rugulose.
Passing through the market in the city of Mexico I obtained a

368 HETEROPTEROUS HEMIPTERA.

few specimens from the quantity of at least a peck, exposed for
sale by an Aztec woman. They are made use of as food.

It is larger than calva nob., and further distinguished by the
immaculate base of the hemelytra.

NOTONECTA L. Latr.

1. N. unpuLATA.—Whitish ; scutel and band blackish.

Inhabits Missouri and Indiana.

Body greenish-white : thorax dusky or blackish behind : scutel
velvet black, a slight dull fulvous spot each side near the base
and another more or less dilated, at tip: hemelytra with an
undulated, fuscous band behind the middle; tip simply emargi-
nate, not fissile: beneath blackish, varied with yellowish: feet
greenish.

Length two-fifths of an inch

Var. a. Small spots at base of the scutel, none.

This approaches the description of NV. americana F., which,
however, is said to be “ postice nigro”’ corresponding with speci-
mens in my cabinet from Mexico. The black color of the poste-
rior portion of the thorax is only transmitted from the part of
the scutel which is beneath it.

Var. b. Yellowish, or greenish-white; beneath varied with
blackish and yellowish: feet green: hemelytra with three
lateral, longitudinal brown spots; a lateral, submarginal black-
ish line.

Var. c. Scutel black: hemelytra blackish with a line at base
and tip whitish.

Inhabits Mexico.

This may possibly prove to be a distinct species, but as it pos-
- sessess many characters in common with the undulatus, I refer
it for the present to this species as a variety. I owe it to the
kindness of Mr. Ma[c]lure ; it forms part of the collection taken
by William Bennett.

I found an individual in Missouri that appears to be the same

as Var. c. [ 813]

COTTON PLANT. 369

Correspondence relative to the Insect that destroys the Cotton Plant,

To Tuomas Say, Esq.,
Prof. of Natural History, University of Pennsylvania.

Sir :—I have for several years paid some attention to an in-
sect which has infested our cotton, whose character and species
I have been very desirous of ascertaining. I addressed a letter
to Mr. Stephen Elliott on this subject, and he referred me to
you, not being able to give me the description wanted. I also
sent to Dr. Samuel Mitchell of New York, but he likewise was
not able to give any satisfactory account, and referred me to Mr.
Le Cont[e] ; but owing tosome adventitious circumstances, I never
heard from him, and have now taken the liberty of addressing
you, although an entire stranger, and must make my love of the
sciences generally, as well as my desire to be acquainted on
this particular point, my excuse. I have therefore sent a box
containing the moths. They were put into the box in the cater-
pillar state, with a few cotton leaves to feed on. After a time
they went into the pupa state, and finally became moths. I have
written an essay on these insects which is incomplete, from not
knowing their scientific name and character. If you will so far

oblige me, please address a few lines on the subject to your obe-
dient servant, C. W. CAPERS.

New Harmony, Nov. 1, 1827.

Sir :—I received your interesting communication of the date
of Jan. 21, not until Thursday last, and how to account for its
long detention I know not. It was brought by private convey-
ance in due time from Philadelphia, so that the delay must have
occurred in that city, or on its way there. Any future package
you may wish to send me, may be confided to the care of a house
in New Orleans.

370 COTTON PLANT.

I have carefully examined the contents of the box which
accompanied your letter. It contained several cotton moths,
which are much injured, but as far as I am enabled to judge by
their remaining characters, they constitute a new species, of which
I have made the following description :

NOCTUA Fabr.

N. xytinA.—Olivaceous, tinged with vinaceous; superior
wings with a black spot. [814]

_Description.—Head vinaceous, with a small whitish tuft before :
antenne pale honey-yellow, of moderate length, covered with
scales above and short hair beneath: labrum rounded, small :
mandibles conic, whitish, with a fascicle of sericeous fulvous hair
on the inner base: maxillz as long as the antenne, papilaceous
towards the tip: palpi densely covered with short, equal scales,
which are intermixed rufous and white; second joint much
longer than the first; third joint very distinct, conic, linear;
thorax vinaceous with more or less of olivaceous, particularly
on the sides: superior wings vinaceous towards the posterior
margin obsoletely olivaceous; a little above and partly on the
second bifurcation of the post costal nervure is an oblique sub-
oval, blackish spot, in which are paler scales, forming almost a
double pupil: posterior to this spot is an obsolete, much undu-
lated, interrupted, dull rufous line, reaching the anal margin
near the middle and the costal margin at two-thirds the distance
from the humerus: behind this line is a distinct one, and in
some specimens a still less distinct one towards the base of the
wing, accompanied by a small spot : inferior wings on the inferior
page with ‘a slight, slender, rufous band: anterior tibize with a
spine: posterior tibiee with spines on the middle and tip: claws
distinct, emarginate beneath.

Length to tip of superior wings nine-tenths of an inch.

Larva sixteen-footed, spotted; eyes spotted : beneath immacu-
late, simple. Pupa simple, dark chestnut or blackish; three of
the abdominal segments with dilated, rufous, posterior margins.

In the above description, if any errors occur as regards color,
you can rectify them from more recent and perfect specimens.
With these moths a single individual occurs of the Noctua Lota

COTTON PLANT. 371

Linn. Whether or not this is a confederate of the xylina in de-
stroying the cotton plant, you are best able to judge ; but I should
rather suppose that its ravages are not particularly directed against
that plant, and that its presence here is rather fortuitous.

One of the small vials contains a Gryllotalpa Americana.

I take the earliest conveyance for this letter, in hopes it may
reach you early enough to be of some utility.

Yours, &c., T. SAY.

372 MACLURIAN LYCEUM.

[From Contributions of the Maclurian Lyceum to the Arts and
Sciences, vol. I. Philadelphia. ]

Note on Capt. Le Conte’s paper on “New Coleopterous Insects of North
America,’’ published in the first volume of the Annals of the Lyceum of
Natural History of New York.

Read April 23, 1827.

Colaspis infuscata Le ©. is the CO. quadrinotata.—See Journal
of the Acad. Nat. Se. P. vol. ili. p. 444.

Anthicus murinipennis Le C. is the A. bicolor.—See American
Entomology, vol. i. pl. x. It is very closely allied to Notoxus
serricornis of Panzer, No. 31. [39]

Molorchus affinis Le C. is the M. bimaculatus.—See Journal
Acad. Nat. Se. P. vol. ii. p. 428.

Chrysomela scalaris Le C. may possibly prove to be the C.
decipiens of Weber, p. 52, notwithstanding Weber’s description
of the suture, which he says is ‘“ brunneus;” a specimen in my
collection has a tinge of that color, and another has a slight ap-
pearance of the lateral thoracic indentations, which Weber attri-
butes to his species. At any rate, I referred the species to that
description until another insect could be found better adapted
to it.

There can be no doubt respecting priority in relation to the
above names.

MACLURIAN LYCEUM. 37

Oo

[From Contributions of the Maclurian Lyceum to the Arts and Sciences.
Vol. I., Philadelphia, pp. 67—83.]

A Description of some new species of Hymenoptera of the United States.
Read March 3, 1828.

AULACUS Jurine.

A. FASCIATUS.—Wings violaceous with hyaline band.

Inhabits Ohio.

Body black; thorax confluently punctured in transverse
grooves ; wings violaceous with a hyaline band on the middle,
hardly reaching the anal margin; abdomen much compressed ;
oviducts longer than the abdomen, much incurved at tip.

Length half an inch. [68 }

ICHNEUMON Linn. Fabr.

1. I. paRATA.—Antenne black with a whitish annulation ;
tergum yellow, with five or six blackish bands.

Inhabits Indiana.

Head yellow; disk of the vertex and the occiput black; an-
_tennee black ; basal and second joint beneath and 15, 16, 17, 18,
19 and 20 joints pale yellowish: thorax black; band on the
collar, line on each side extending to the wings, and interupted
before, and a small quadrate spot on the disk, yellow ; scutel and
a small spot behind it, yellow: metathorax, posterior disk, yellow ;
wings somewhat dusky with fuscous nervures; stigmata pale
brownish; central cellule pentangular and transverse, not at all
oblique, the superior side very short; tergum, basal segment
with the basal incisure, and spot on the disk near the tip, black ;
remaining segments with a blackish band at their bases more or
less emarginated in their middles; beneath yellow; pectus and
postpectus with the transverse incisure, black; posterior feet,
coxze above, excepting at tip, thighs, excepting at base, tibize at
tip and first and second joints of tarsi, black; venter with paler
and less perfect bands than those of the tergum.

Var. a. Intermediate thighs black on their middle above.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

374 MACLURIAN LYCEUM.

2. I. concinnus.—Antennee black with white annulations ;
tergum white with six or seven black bands.

Tnhabits Indiana.

Head white; a broad black vittae extending from the black
occiput, two black abbreviated lines beneath the antenne, each
terminating near an indented point; mandibles brown at tip, a
black line from their base to tip ; antennze black; 9 to the 17 joints
inclusive, [69] white ; collar yellow, anterior portion black; thorax
with a narrow line before the wings widely interrupted before ; a
double much abbreviated white line in the middle; scutel and
small transverse line behind it, white; metathorax with two
longitudinal lines, on each side of which is a spine, and a lateral
white line interrupted above; tergum yellow; terminal half of
the first segment, and basal two-thirds of each of the others,
black; pectus black; feet honey yellow ; coxee white ; posterior
feet, coxee with a wide much indented black band ; thighs black-
ish at base; venter somewhat dusky ; central cellule of the wings
as in the preceding.

9 A single line beneath the antennz and an irregular line
above the mouth, black ; double white line on the thorax widely
separated ; an abbreviated, oblique white line from the edge of
the scutel towards the superior wings; tergum with the black
band of the first segment not terminal; feet honey yellow ; coxe,
excepting the posterior pair, white ; tip of the tarsi black ; ovi-
duct blackish piceous, less than half the length of the abdomen.

Length over two-fifths of an inch.

Second joint of the maxillary palpi dilate, as in Pe/tastes hg.

3. I. orrosus.—Antennee black with a white annulation ; ter-
gum with a white band on the base of segment.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black with a white orbital line, broader before and ob-
solete above ; antenne 9 to the 14 joints inclusive, white; thorax
with a line before the wings, interrupted before, and two abbre-
viated lines on the disk slightly diverging anteriorly, white ; seu-
tel and transverse spot behind it, white; central cellule of the
wings [70] as in the preceding, but the superior side is somewhat
shorter ; tergum, first segment with a triangular band at tip;
pleura with a white, longitudinal, abbreviated line beneath the

MACLURIAN LYCEUM. 375

wings and one or two spots behind; beneath with a white spot
before the anterior and intermediate coxe ; tibia white lines on
their exterior sides ; posterior tarsi, first and second joints with a
white line above.

Length more than half an inch.

Second joint of the maxillary palpi dilated as in Peltastes Illig.

4. I. vinctus.—Black: abdomen rufous.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black; head above the antennz and occiput, black ; or-
bital line interrupted behind, and all beneath the antennze except
the incisure, white ; antennz, basal joints beneath, white; collar
with a white line; thorax with a short line above the anterior
wing and another below it, from the anterior extremity of these
lines, a white line proceeds, and is interrupted before; two im-
pressed dorsal lines obsolete behind ; scutel and obsolete point
behind it, white ; wings, central cellule pentangular, transverse ;
metathorax with somewhat elevated ruge, enclosing a pentangu-
lar space, from the angles of which abbreviated lines diverge,
the two posterior of which terminate at the short tubercles ; feet,
anterior and intermediate pairs, pale whitish yellow, the coxe
white with a black spot behind, the thighs with a black line and
tibize of the anterior pair also with a black line; posterior pair
black, second, third and fourth joints of the tarsi, white; abdo-
men bright rufous, immaculate.

Length € half an inch. [71]

5. I. rnquistror.—Black ; feet honey-yellow; posterior tibia
white, binnulate with black.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black; palpi whitish; thorax with a white spot on the
anterior base of the superior wings; wings, central cellule quad-
rangular, longitudinal, narrowed a little at the tip; feet honey-
yellow: posterior tibia white, a black annulus near the base and
another somewhat larger at tip; joints of the posterior tarsi
whitish, blackish at their tip: oviducts nearly as long as the ab-
domen.

Length one-fourth of an inch.

Preys upon the larva (of a Bruchus?) that feeds on the seeds
of the Clematis.

376 MACLURIAN LYCEUM.

6. I. prerELAS.—Black ; feet honey-yellow: oviducts elon-
gated.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black; immaculate; antennz piceous beneath ; palpi
whitish : wings, central cellule subquadrangular, almost triangu-
lar, rather longitudinal; posterior tibie and tarsi dusky; ovi-
ducts nearly as long as the body, aculeus piceous.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

Belongs to the genus Pimpla Fab.

7. I. niarts.—Yellowish ; head black, beneath the antennz
yellowish.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body yellowish, approaching honey-yellow; head above the
antenns and occiput black; beneath the antennz and mouth
yellow, a transverse black line above the mouth ; antennz dusky,
yellowish beneath, and still darker above, shorter than the body ;
thorax with an obsolete, double, pale yellowish line; wings hya-
line; central [72] cellule small, quadrangular, longitudinal, some-
what oblique, not distinctly narrowed at either end; posterior tarsi
at their tip dusky: abdomen depressed: venter with a dusky spot
near the tip.

Length % nearly three-tenths of an inch.

8. I. maLacus.—Body black ; antennz annulate with white,
beginning at the tenth joint and terminating at the eighteenth ;
joints very distinct ; wings blackish ; small cellule with one bulla,
large anal cellule with three bulla and two short processes; me-
tathorax with elevated lines : abdomen withan impressed line each
side.

Length more than half an inch.

9. I. pecTrorALIS.—Black : abdomen rufous; antenne black-
ish, whitish near the middle.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black; orbits and all beneath the antennz, yellow;
antennex blackish, 13, 14, 15, 16, joints white: thorax with
scutel and a white line before the wings, interrupted before ;
transverse line beneath it, yellow; wings hyaline, central cel-
lule pentangular, transverse ; pleura black: pectus black,
with a large yellow spot between the intermediate and posterior

MACLURIAN LYCEUM. 377

feet: feet yellow ; posterior thighs tinged with rufous ; posterior
tibie rufous at tip; abdomen rufous, with black incisures.

Length over one-fifth of an inch. .

10. I. srrasctarus.—Ferruginous wings dusky, bifasciate.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body ferruginous; antennzs somewhat tinged with whitish
beyond the middle and fuscous at tip: thorax circumscribing inci-
sure black; wings dusky with a hyaline [73] band hardly beyond
the middle and an abbreviated one nearer the tip ; stigma pale fer-
ruginous; inferior wings dusky, with a semifasciate on the mid-
dle with hyaline: oviducts black; pectus incisures black; pos-
terior tibize blackish at tip.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

11. I. moruntus.—Black ; antenne with a whitish annulation.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black: antennz with a white annulation beginning at the
tenth or eleventh joint and ending at the sixteenth or seventeenth ;
wings violet black; recurrent nervures of the small cellule, with
each a salient angle ; on the anterior one a whitish dot and an
the posterior two white dots: a dot also on the posterior nervure
of the small cellule ; metathorax with clevated lines and each side
behind an acute angle; abdomen with a short petiole, which is
lineated : second segment opaque with confluent punctures, larger
towards the base ; color blue-black ; oviduct hardly obvious.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

Second joint of maxillary palpi dilated as in Pedtastes Mllig.

12. I. restpvus.—Yellowish; antennz white in the middle
and black at tip.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body yellowish, tinged with rufous: antenne not longer than
the thorax, the ten basal joints color of the body, 11, to 16
whitish, the remaining joints black; wings hyaline ; central
cellule pentangular; posterior tibie at tip, and posterior tarsi,
dusky.

Length more than one-fourth of an inch. [74]

378 MACLURIAN LYCEUM.

ANOMALON Jurine.

1. A. SEXLINEATA.—Black ; feet rufous ; metathorax with six
raised lines.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black ; antenne piceous beneath, rather shorter than the
body ; palpi yellowish; thorax subtrilobate, the impressed lines
being deep and wide ; wings a little dusky, a small whitish spot
on the beginning of the carp: central cellule none ; metathorax
densely punctured, with six longitudinal, slightly elevated lines,
two of which are on the side; feet rufous; posterior tibiz and
their tarsi dusky ; tergum, first segment densely and finely pune-
tured ; oviduct hardly as long as the abdomen.

Length three-twentieths of an inch.

2. A. HUMERALE.—Black ; antenne with a white cinctus.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, punctured; antennz, 12, 13, 14 and 15th joints
white ; thorax with an acute tubercle on the humerus ; somewhat
elongated before the wings ; metathorax with two acute tubercles
each side at tip; tergum, second segment with an impressed
oblique line each side at the basal angle; oviduct longer than the
abdomen; knees white.

Length ? more than half an inch.

3. A. MELLIPES.—Black: feet honey-yellow.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, polished ; palpi whitish; wings hyaline, with a
slight fuliginous tinge; larger middle cellule with three white
bullze ; oviduct as long as the body; feet honey-yellow.

Length more than two-fifths of an inch. [75 |

OPHION Fabr.

1. O. Briineatus.—Honey-yellow; head yellow; thorax
with two dark lines.

Inhabits Indiana.

Head yellow; antennze honey-yellow; mandibles blackish at
tip; thorax with two somewhat reddish brown lines almost ob-
solete ; wings with fuscous nervures; costal nervure and carpal
spot honey-yellow ; the latter dilated, conspicuous ; large central
cellule acutely angulated at tip; central cellule angulated

MACLURIAN LYCEUM. 379

at tip; small central cellule angulated at the superior basal angle
and with a very slight process, its terminal nervure almost oblit-
erated on the outer half, its outer nervure almost obliterated in
the middle and white in that part: the two terminal connecting
neryures forming an acute angle; pleura paler than the thorax ;
abdomen, second segment hardly as long as the first and longer
than the third.
Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

2. O. ANALIS.—Reddish-brown: head above black, beneath
the antennz yellow; abdomen black at tip.

Inhabits Indiana.

Head above the antennz black : beneath the antennz yellow:
occiput black, reddish-brown each side: antenne dark reddish-
brown, almost black, at base black: beneath somewhat. paler,
darker towards the base, radical joint yellow at base; thorax red-
dish brown, with large blackish disk, divided into three wide
lines by two impressed lines; sutures of the scutel and metatho-
rax black; wings the larger central cellule obtuse at tip ; smaller
central cellule with a small angle at tip, where it is widest, very
obtusely rounded at the superior basal angle; do not meet and
form an angle, carpal spot slender ; pectus black ; posterior thighs
blackish at base, their coxe with [76] a black spot, their tibie
dusky at tip and their tarsi yellow; abdomen black at tip and
on the superior edge of the second segment, which is at least as
long as the first segment.

Length ¢ nearly three-fifths of an inch.

3. O. GEeMinatTus.—Yellowish; vertex with a black spot;
large central cellule of the wings obtuse at tip.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body dull yellowish; head yellow; vertex black: antennx
somewhat shorter than the body, tinged with brown, the first
joint yellow; wings hyaline, with fuscous nervures and honey-
yellow somewhat dilated carpal spot : large central cellule obtuse
at tip, the nervure of the tip double ; smaller central cellule very
obtusely rounded at the superior basal angle; pleura and pectus
pale yellowish; abdomen, second segment obyiously shorter than
the first, and not longer than the third.

Length about two-fifths of an inch.

380 MACLURIAN LYCEUM.

This species closely resembles O. bilineatus nob., but is much
smaller, and the arrangement of the wing-nervures proves it to be
a different species.

4. QO. EMARGINALUS [EMARGINATUS].—Black ; antennze fus-
cous ; feet honey-yellow.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, sericeous with short hair; head convex beneath
the antennze, at the base of which the head is much more prom-
inent than immediately above the antennz where the head is in-
dented ; antennz short, above dark fuscous, beneath paler, first
joint rather longer; palpi white: thorax immaculate ; metathorax
with four longitudinal slightly raised lines; wings hyaline with
fnscous nervures and carpal spot ; larger central cellule obtuse or
[77] rather truncated at tip, and emarginated by the curvature of
the radial cellule ; smaller cellule with a small angle at tip, where
it is widest, and gradually tapering to its opposite extremity with-
out any curvature: feet honey-yellow, short, anterior cox with

a whitish reflection; abdomen short, almost sensible, not compres-
sed.

ALYSIA Latr.

1. A. RIpIBUNDA.—Rufous ; head, wings and tip of the ter-
gum, black.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body yellowish-rufous; head black, a rufous spot each side of
the mouth; antennz longer than the body; wings blackish ;
central cellule large, longitudinal, acute before, nervure connect-
ing with the carpal spot placed obviously behind the middle of
the cellule ; feet black; tibie and tarsi more or less tinged with
dull rufous; tergum depressed, near the tip a large black spot.

Length % nearly one-fifth of an inch.

2. A. PALLIPES.—Black ; feet, abdomen at base, and antennz
at base, white.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, polished ; antennz fuscous, first and second joints
whitish ; mandibles piceous; wings hyaline, central cellule in
length equal to double its greatest width; feet white; abdomen
white at base.

Length one-twentieth of an inch.

MACLURIAN LYCEUM. 381

BRACON Jur. Fabr. Latr.

1. B. EXHALANS.—Black ; abdomen sanguineous.

Inhabits Indiana.

Head black; palpi whitish; antennz shorter than the [78] body -
thorax black; wings blackish, second cubital cellule longitudinal,
quadrangular, acute at base, nervure connecting with the carpal
spot placed obviously before the middle of the cellule ; feet black-
ish ; abdomen sanguineous ; oviduct shorter than the body, black-
ish ; metathorax simple pale reddish.

Length more than three-twentieths of an inch.

2. B. Honrstor.—Yellowish-rufous; wings blackish, with a
whitish band and tip.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body rufous, slightly tinged with yellow ; antennz rather long-
er than the body; thorax somewhat bilobate, the posterior seg-
ment being canaliculate ; wings dusky, with black nervures and
rather large carpal spot; a narrow, transverse, whitish band be-
yond the middle, and whitish tip ; posterior tibize dusky, whitish
at base and at the terminal incisures; abdomen clavate, almost
pedunculated ; oviduct longer than the abdomen.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

Second cubital cellule elongated.

3. B. TRUNCATOR.—Pale honey-yellow ; vertex with a black
spot.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body pale honey-yellow, polished, impunctured ; antenne fus-
cous, honey-yellow at base; stemmata in a black spot; palpi
whitish towards the tip ; metathorax slightly punctured: abdomen
much compressed, truncate.

Length nearly one one-fourth of an inch.

PERILAMPUS Latr.
1. P. rRIANGULARIS.—Green and blue; tarsi yellow; wings
dusky at tip. [79]
Inhabits Indiana.
Body polished; head green with a violaceous reflection, each
side before vertically striate; occiput transversely and, longitudi-

382 MACLURIAN LYCEUM.

nally striated, violaceous, the collar punctured, green; scutel
much elongated, entire; wings dusky on the apical half; abdo-
men very short, wide, triangular, very convex above and beneath ;
anterior half violaceous, posterior half, green with a violaceous
reflection ; tarsi yellow.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

2. P. HYALINUS.—Green; wings hyaline.

Inhabits Pennsylvania.

Body green punctured ; scutel much elongated, slightly emar-
ginated ; wings hyaline, immaculate; abdomen very short, wide,
triangular, very convex above and beneath, violaceous; tarsi yel-
lowish ; anterior tibiz honey-yellow.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch.

Differs from the preceding in being destitute of the dusky wing
tips and in haying punctures instead of strie.

SPALANGIUS Latr.

S. poxirus.—Bluish-green ; tergum with a cupreous band at
base.

Inhabits Virginia.

Body bluish-green, varied with violaceous, densely punctured ;
front grooved to receive the basal joint of the antennz ; flagellum
fuscous; wings hyaline, slightly dusky; scutel somewhat promi-
nent; abdomen a little depressed ; first segment brilliant cupre-
ous : incisures glabrous ; terminal segment longer than the others
together, forming at tip a narrowed, carinated black [80] process
for the reception of the tip of the oviduct beneath; feet dull
honey-yellow. .

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

I found this species on the sea beach of Senipuxent Island.

CODRUS Jur.

©. PALLIDUS.—Pale honey-yellow.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body pale honey-yellow; antennz, excepting the basal joint,
fuscous ; stethidium, incisures black ; wings hyaline : stigma dis-
tinct, pale brown.

Length nearly three-tenths of an inch.

MACLURIAN LYCEUM. 383

SERLION Latr.

S. TERMINALIS.—Antenne, terminal joint white ; wings uni-
fasciate.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body somewhat piceous; head yellowish; antenne broken,
blackish ; first joint nearly as long as the others together ; ter-
minal joint dilated, compressed, subtriangular, white ; wings with
a broad dusky band; intermediate tarsi white except at tip.

Length more than one-twentieth of an inch,

PSILUS Jur.

1. P. cmratus.—Black ; feet whitish; hairs of the wings
elongated.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, polished ; antenne with an oblong oval acute club,
at base honey-yellow ; petiole of the abdomen and feet honey-
yellow ; wings deeply ciliated, the hairs longer tnan the trans-
verse diameter of the wings.

Length less than one-twentieth of an inch.

2. P. optrusus.—Black ; feet whitish, thighs black in the mid-
dle.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, polished ; antennze fuscous ; anterior wings white
and very obtuse, finely ciliated; cilix very short; feet whitish ;
thighs black, white at base and tip; coxee black.

Length nearly one-twentieth of an inch.

PLATYGASTER Latr.

3. P. pALLIPES.—Body black ; antennse fuscous, moniliform :
basal joint honey-yellow; wings hyaline ; abdomen polished,
much depressed ; widest near the tip and obtuse, gradually and
rectilinearly a little narrowed to the base: feet whitish-yellow.

Length one-thirtieth of an inch.

BETHYLUS Latr.

B. ARMIFERUS.—Black ; tergum with elongated white hairs.
Inhabits Indiana.
Body entirely black, immaculate, with short hairs; head

384 MACLURIAN LYCEUM.

covered with discoidal punctures; tergum polished, with a few
elongated, rigid, white hairs, as long as two of the segments
taken together.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch. [81]

DRYINUS Latr.
D. BIrascratus.—Yellowish; wings bifasciate.
Inhabits Indiana.
Body honey-yellow, varied with blackish; anterior thighs
dilated ; wings with two fuscous bands, the apical one broader.
Length rather more than one-fifth of an inch. [82]

CHRYSIS Linn. Latr.
1. C. pActricA.—Green ; anal segment mutic ; tarsi fuscous.
Inhabits Indiana.
Body green with a slight bluish tinge, with short hairs; an-
.tennee, five or six terminal joints fuscous; wings hyaline, a little
brownish on the costal margin beyond the stigma; tergum more
particularly tinged with bluish ; anal segment rounded, subtrun-
cate, unarmed ; tarsi fuscous.
Length three-tenths of an inch.

2. C. CARINATA.—Bluish ; abdomen subtridentate.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body greenish blue varied with purplish ; front, from the an-
tennee to the middle, with numerous whitish hairs; antenne fus-
cous, green at base; metathorax, lateral tubercles acute; middle
termination subacute ; tergum, anal segment carinate, the carina
extending beyond the edge into an acute tooth; lateral angles
acute ; tarsi fuscous.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

HEDYCRIUM Latr.

H. stnuosuM.—Reddish-coppery ; wings fuliginous at tip.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body reddish-coppery, polished, punctured; front concave,
greenish ; antenne fuscous, green at base; metathorax acute at
posterior angles; wings beyond the middle fuliginous ; tergum
blue-purple; terminal segment hardly as long as the penultimate,
with a sinus at tip; beneath green ; tarsi fuscous.

Length about one-fifth of inch.

MACLURIAN LYCEUM. 385

TIPHIA Fabr. Latr.

T, TRANSVERSA.—Blue-black, somewhat hairy.

Inhabits Indiana.

Body black, with a slight bluish or purplish reflection; with
numerous whitish hairs ; jmmaculate, punctured ; antenne black,
opaque ; mandibles piceous at tip; palpi fuscous; wings a little
dusky, hyaline ; nervures black ; apical lines of the second cubi-
tal cellule transverse, rectilinear; metathorax each side striated,
above with three slightly elevated longitudinal lines and a pos-
terior transverse one; abdomen, first segment narrower than the
second, somewhat gibbous above and flat beneath, the incisure
indented ; remaining segment more hairy, ciliated; tibia and
tarsi with silver hairs.

- Length nearly half an inch.

25

386 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

[From Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. Vol. L.,
part 2; 1825. Pp. 249—268.]

Descriptions of new American Species of the Genera BUPRESTIS,
TRACHYS and ELATER.

Read January 17, 1825.

BUPRESTIS.

1. B. TRANSVERSA.—Cupreous or blackish; elytra with striae
of punctures; a glabrous line between the eyes.

Desc. Body varying in color, from a dull cupreous to brown-
ish black; head with large, confluent punctures, and a distinct
elevated line extending transversely between the eyes: eyes dis-
tant : thorax with large confluent punctures, [250] two elevated
glabrous lines forming a groove between them: an elevated line
on each side originating on the anterior edge, and becoming ob-
solete at the middle of its length ; a somewhat elevated, oblique
line at the posterior angles ; elytra entire, rounded at tip with re-
cular strize of punctures: beneath much punctured.

Length half an inch.

It.is about the size of B. longipes nob. The sexes, of a very
dark color, were sent me by Dr. J. F. Melsheimer, and I have a fe-
male, taken several years since, which is of a decided coppery
tint, though somewhat dull; the color, therefore, cannot be relied
upon ; but the lines of punctures on the elytra, the form of the
thoracic lines, and the transverse frontal line, in conjunction with
the entire elytra, are sufficiently characteristic.

[A Dicerca, previously described as B. punctulata Schénh.—
LEc. |

2. B. BInINEATA.—Thorax each side, and line on each elytrum,
fulvous. :

Buprestis bilineata Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body slender; above, black: head dull brassy, longi-
tudinally indented, and with an oblique indentation each side on
the front: thorax with a dull fulvous lateral margin; elytra
rounded at tip, and minutely serrated ; indented at base ; on each
is a slender, dull, fulvous line originating near the humerus, and

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 387

extended towards the tip, where it gradually approaches the scu-
tel; scutel transverse and transversely carinated; beneath dark-
green, polished on the venter; edge of the postpectus and venter
with a dull fulvous line.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

The guercata Fabr., is described to be green, with a fuscous
vitta on the elytra, and a spot on the thorax; it therefore differs
[251] from the present insect. The surface of the elytra ap-
pears covered with minute imbricated points, which are more
acute and obvious towards the tip.

[This and the three following belong so Agrilus ; B. quercata
is totally different, being an Anthaxia.—LEc.]

3. B. ancuata.—Dark bronze; elytra black; thorax with an
elevated line at the posterior angles.

Desc. Body slender: head punctured, with a longitudinal in-
dented line, and obsolete indentation each side on the front : thorax
inequal, transversely confluently punctured ; an elevated, arcuated
line, extends from the posterior angle almost to the middle of
the lateral margin: scutel transverse and transversely carinated :
elytra indented at base; at tip rounded and denticulated: be-
neath dark greenish, polished, particularly on the venter.

Length three-tenths of an inch.

Of a similar form to the preceding species ; but it is altogether
destitute of the marginal colored line of the thorax, and those
of the elytra; the elevated line of the thoracic also angles distin-
guishes it. The imbrication of the elytra is similar to the pre-
ceding species.

4. B. porrra.—Cupreous, polished ; thorax with an elevated
line at the posterior angles.

Desc. Body slender, highly polished, cupreous: head tinged
with green, punctured ; longitudinal indented line obsolete: an-
tenne blackish: thorax a little inequal; transversely confluently
punctured ; an elevated arcuated line extends from the posterior
angles almost to the middle of the lateral margin: scutel trans-
verse and transversely carinated: elytra indented at base; at tip
rounded and denticulated.

Length rather more than one-fifth of an inch. [252]

Found by Mr. Thomas Nuttall on the bank of the Mississippi
river. In many of its characters it resembles the arcuata, but is

388 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

much smaller, and the color is altogether different; the indenta-
tion of the head also is hardly perceptible. It is rather larger
than geminata nob., which, as I have ascertained, on close ex-
amination, has the elytra denticulated at tip.

5. B. pusituA.—Blackish-green ; front without any obvious
impressed line.

Desc. Body slender: head tinged with bluish, with obsolete
rather distant punctures; excepting on the vertex, where they
are rather large and confluent; frontal impressed line obsolete :
antenn black; thorax somewhat inequal ; transversely confluently
punctured ; two slight, dilated indentations placed longitudinally on
the disk, and a larger and more profound one on the lateral mar-
gin; an elevated, arcuated line extends from the posterior angle,
almost to the middle of the lateral margin: elytra indented at
base, at tip rounded and minutely denticulated, the denticulations
not extending on the sutural or lateral edge.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

This is so much smaller than either of the above species, as to
be distinguished readily by that character, without resorting to
any other. I detected it at the cantonment of Major Long’s
party, on the Missouri.

TRACHYS.

1. T. ovaTa.—Ovate, black; head without an indented line ;
elytra without regular punctures.

Desc. Body very short, ovate, black: head without the usuay
dilated indentation, but a very slight indentation may be observed
on close inspection, particularly on the [253] lower part of the
front; slightly punctured: thorax equal, with the exception of
a dilated indentation on each side, with distant punctures in
which is a raised centre: scutel large, flat, impunctured, polished:
elytra with wide, irregular, not deeply impressed punctures,
without any appearance of a regular series; no appearance of
elevated lines ; a profound excavation behind the humerus, with-
out any sinus of the edge; humerus prominent.

Length rather more than one-tenth of an inch.

This is the smallest species [ have met with, and of a shorter

form.
(Afterwards, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., 6, 164, made the type

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 389

of a new genus Metonius Say, which is identical with Pachyscelis ;
T. ovata Weber isa very different insect, belonging to Brachys.—
Lec.] ;

2. T. arActtis.—Oblong blackish ; elytra with regular series
of punctures.

Desc. Body rather slender, oblong, blackish-brassy: head a
little concave, but not profoundly so: thorax inequal, with a
slight impressed line before, and a wide indented space occupy-
ing half the thorax behind; on each side is a_raised, arcuated,
obtuse line, extending nearly from one angle to the other : scutel
moderate : elytra with regular series of rather large, profoundly
impressed punctures, which are obsolete at tip.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

A comparatively slender species. I found it on a myrtle bush
at Senipuxten island, in September. It exhibits an unusual
regularity in its series of punctures.

[This is the type of Yaphrocerus Sol.; but the name under
which it was known to him is the synonym Brachys alboguttata
Lap. and Gory.—LEc.]

ELATER.

1. E. aBruprus.—Black, covered with minute hairs: june-
tion of the thorax and elytra deeply excavated.

Desc. Body black, polished, covered with minute punctures,
which give rise to very short brown hairs which [ 254 ] in a par-
ticular light have a somewhat sericeous appearance : serratures of
the antenne and palpi dull rufous: thorax considerably convex,
at the base abruptly curved downwards; the lateral spines are,
however, horizontal: scutel convex, oval, making a considerable
angle with the longitudinal diameter of the body; elytra with ob-
solete impunctured striz, more distinct towards the margin and
tip: base rather abruptly, very much decurved, so that, in con-
junction with the form of the thoracic base, it exhibits a wide
and deep excavation between the two parts of the body.

Length four-fifths of an inch.

Next in size to the morio and levigatus Fabr., of all the North
American species I have yet seen. - The latter species I believe
to be only a variety of the former; it is equal in size, with the
same form, impressed front, &c.; the only difference is, that one

390 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

has the elytra obviously striated, and the other has those striz
so far obsblete, that the elytra appear smooth to the eye.
[Belongs to Ludius—LEc. ]

2. E. HEMIPoDUS.—Black; thorax convex, rather gibbous ;
thighs rufous.

Elater fuscipes Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body black, with short hairs; head with an obsolete,
impressed, arcuated line on the front; antennze not serrated,
black; basal joints dark piceous: thorax very convex, rather
broadest in the middle, equally narrowed before and behind ;
lateral edge regularly arcuated, a little contracted near the pos-
terior angles; no appearance of an impressed line; the interval
between the thorax and elytra deeply indented; scutel oval,
truncated at base: elytra striated, minutely punctured, slightly
tinged with brassy: thighs dark rufous. [255 ]

Length eleven-twentieths of an inch.

This is a very different insect from the fuscipes Fabr.

[A species of Asaphes Kirby.—Lec. ]

3. E. untcotor.—Blackish-brown ; antenneze simple; thorax
short, narrowed before, and with an impressed line behind.

Elater unicolor Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body blackish-brown, with short cinereous hair: head
a little concave just above the interval between the antenne and
a longitudinal slightly impressed line: antennz not serrated,
third joint considerably longer than the fourth: palpi pale
rufous: thorax somewhat convex, narrowed anteriorly by an
arcuated line, at the posterior angles very slightly excurved ;
posterior declivity with an abbreviated impressed line, which
does not reach the middle: scutel oval orbicular: elytra striate,
strize without very distinct punctures, but on each side of them
a row of minute punctures may be traced on the interstitial line
which are a little rounded: thighs dull rufous.

Length rather more than half an inch.

[Belongs to Perothops ; does not differ from H. mucidus below.
—Lec.]

4. E. virip1s.—Blackish-cupreous ; venter in the middle, and
feet rufous.
later viridis Melsh. Catal.

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 391

Desc. Body dark coppery, with short hairs: head with rather
large, confluent punctures: antenne rufous, robust, much
serrated: palpi rufous: thorax distinctly punctured ; a very ob-
vious, obtusely indented line extends from the base to the ante- °
rior margin, where it is obsolete; posterior angles prominent,
extending a little outwards: scutel orbicular: elytra striate, the
striz distinctly punctured : epipleura rufous : feet rufous : venter
on the disk rufous. [ 256 |

Length rather less than three-fifths of an inch.

Very distinct, and readily recognized.

[If this is not identical with 2. brevicornis infra p. 899, which
is the female of Carymbites appressifrons, it cannot be referred
to any species known to me.—LEc. ]

5. EH. PARALLELUS.—Brown ; thorax with the anterior angles
dilated, and as wide as at the posterior angles.

Elater angulatus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body reddish-brown, minutely punctured: antennze ru-
fous, serrated : thorax longer than broad, rather widest at the an-
terior angles, which are much wider than the head; an impressed
longitudinal line obsolete on the anterior margin; lateral edge
subrectilinear, scutel orbicular ; elytra with impressed, punctured
striz.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

The name angulatus is pre-occupied.

[A Corymbites ; the specific name being preoccupied, was re-
placed by swlcicollis, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 6, 168.—LeEc.]

6. E. Muscrpus.—Pale brown; thorax very short; antennz
rather robust, simple.

Elater muscidus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body pale brown, a little tinged with reddish, some-
what densely covered with cinereous, short hair: head, transverse
line between the antennz, not elevated in its middle: antennsx
very hairy, robust, and rather long, without any appearance of
serrature : mouth ciliated above: thorax very short, a little trans-
verse and convex, narrowed before to the width of the head,
somewhat widest in the middle, a little contracted before the
posterior spines, which are not elongated ; a longitudinal slightly
impressed line from the base to the middle: scutel orbicular :
elytra with impunctured striz.

592 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

Length more than three-fifths of an inch. [ 257}

This species is more thickly covered with hair than usual.
Tam unacquainted with the griseus Beauy.: but if his figure
is even a tolerable representation, our insect is very distinct,
his description is too short and unessential to give any assist-
ance.

[This is the type of Perothops ; it was previously described as
E. mucidus Schénh.—L«xc. ]

7. E. arrenuatus.—Reddish ; elytra lanceolate, black at tip.

Elater attenwatus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body brownish, sanguineous, with short hairs: head
blackish, without any transverse elevated line: antenne deeply
serrated, blackish rufous; third joint very short, not longer than
the second ; thorax with an impressed abbreviated longitudinal
line on the posterior margin ; anterior margin not wider than the
head ; posterior spines rather long and acute: scutel oval: elytra
with the strie obsolete, gradually attenuated to the tip, which is
lanceolate, acute; region of the scutel deeply indented; tip
black, occupying nearly one-third of the surface, and terminating
anteriorly obliquely.

Length nearly four-fifths of an inch.

This species seems to be rare.

[Belongs to Ludius.—Lxc. ]

8. HE. virtprpitis.—Depressed, black, covered with short
blackish-green hair.

Desc. Body dilated, somewhat depressed, black, with a green-
ish tinge occasioned by short hair of that color: head concave,
the transverse line between the antenne obtuse : antennz deeply
serrated ; third joint very short, equal to the second: thorax
depressed, longer than broad; sides rectilinear and parallel; an-
terior angles acute, wider than the head; posterior angles not
spiniform : scutel subtriangular: elytra with impressed, punc-
tured strize. [ 258 j

Length three-quarters of an inch.

The thorax is more than half the length of the elytra. Rare.

[Is a ‘Chalcolepidius.—Lxc. |

9. E. 1nrLatus.—Dark cupreous; short, robust ; feet rufous.

Eater metallicus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body short, very robust, dark cupreous with short cine-

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 393

reous hair; head with the transverse line between the antenne
obtuse, not prominent: antenn:e dark piceous, a little serrate,
radix rufous: thorax elevated, convex, breadth equal to the
length: a longitudinal impressed line obsolete on the anterior
margin ; posterior spines moderate : scutel orbicular: elytra with
impressed striae, which have small punctures: postpectus black-
ish: feet pale rufous.

Length nine-twentieths of an inch.

Unusually short and thick. It is very different from obesus nob.,
by its much more robust form, by having an impressed thoraci¢
line, and by its general color.

[Belongs to Corymbites.—L«Ec. ]

10. E. Erosus.—Brownish-rufous; thorax with five indenta-
tions.

Desc. Body entirely rufous, tinged with brownish, slightly
hairy: head with an impressed longitudinal line: antennz not
serrate, the joints short, terminal joint produced at tip and acute :
thorax short, decidedly broader than long, lateral edge much ar-
cuated, posterior angles short: base with an impressed line ex-
tending to the middle, with an abbreviated impressed line on
each side of it, not reaching the base ; on each side of the middle
is a slight indentation: scutel small, orbicular, convex: elytra
rather deeply striated, strize with small punctures: beneath a little
paler. [259]

Length two-fifths of an inch.

Differs from /acunosus Fabr. in magnitude and color, as well as
in the disposition of the thoracic indentations, which in that
species are placed 2, 1, 2, whereas in the present species they
are 2,3. I obtained it near the Rocky Mountains, whilst ex-
ploring that country with Major Long’s party.

[This is Anelastes Druryi Kirby (1817): the impressions of
the thorax excepting the dorsal line, are frequently wanting. —
LEc.]

11. E. virtpanvus.—Dull reddish-brown ; thorax with two in-
dentations.

Elater viridanus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Head with an obsolete indentation on the vertex: an-
tenne serrate, second joint thicker but shorter than the third:
thorax longer than broad, slightly and gradually narrowed be-

394 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

fore ; two very distinct deeply indented punctures before the
middle each side; a longitudinal slightly indented line extends
from the base to the middle; posterior angles prominent, acute,
scutel oval; elytra with punctured, impressed strie: beneath
paler rufous.

Length seven-twentieths of an inch.

The anterior indentations of the thorax are situated much
farther forward than those of the erosus nob.

[Belongs to Sericosomus.—Lgzc. |

12. E. rorunpicoLiis.—Thorax rufous, subquadrate, rounded.

Elater ruficollis Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Head blackish-piceous, irregularly punctured, transverse
frontal line obtuse; thorax rufous, convex, quadrate; anterior
and posterior diameters equal, and equal to the longitudinal
diameter; anterior angles obtusely rounded, much wider than
the head; edge a little contracted before the posterior angles,
which are a little [260] excurved and very acute ; scutel black-
ish-piceous, subtriangular: elytra dusky brownish, with acute
hardly punctured strie and convex interstitial lines: beneath
rufo-piceous: tarsi pale.

Length rather more than seven-twentieths of an inch.

The thorax has a remarkably rounded appearance to the un-
assisted eye. It is different from the ruficollis Fabr.

[Belongs to Corymbites—LEc. |

3. EK IMPRESSICOLLIS.—Dull rufous; thorax with an im-
pressed line and two indentations.

Elater fuscus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body rather slender, dull rufous, punctured, with short
curved hairs; head with a prominent, subacute, transverse,
frontal line : antennze deeply serrated, the serratures paler : thorax
longitudinal, rather slender, gradually a little narrowed before ;
anterior angles not broader than the head; edge contracted be-
fore the posterior angles which are oblique and not much elon-
gated; a longitudinal impressed line obsolete on the anterior
margin, and two rounded indentations on the posterior submar-
gin: scutel oblong: elytra with regular close set series of rather
large, profound punctures.

Length more than seven-twentieths of an inch.

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 395

Readily recognizable by the two indentations of the thorax.
The name /uscus is pre-occupied.
[Is an Adelocera.—LkEC. |

14. E. stracreus.—Slender, pale ochreous; head and thorax
tinged with rufous.
Elater silaceous

Elater umbraticus

Melsh. Catal. [261] -

Desc. Body pale yellowish ochreous, with short hairs ; slender:
head without any prominent transverse line: antenne not ser-
rated, second and third joint equal and shorter than the succeed-
ing ones, terminal joints not truncated, nor very acute: thorax
slightly tinged with rufous; longer than broad; not decidedly
narrowed before ; anterior angles not broader than the head;
posterior angles a little excurved, rather long; a longitudinal
obsolete, impressed line: scutel oblong, convex; elytra with
punctured striz not very deeply impressed : venter yellow.

Length nearly three-twentieths of an inch.

A very common species. I have a variety of which the tho-
rax and venter are almost black.

[A Sericosomus.—Lxc. ]

15. E. rusricus.—Thorax bright rufous with a large black
spot ; elytra paler.

Elater rubricus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body oblong oval: head black, transverse line acute, but
not very prominent: antennz piceous, robust, deeply serrated,
second and third joint equal, much smaller than the following
ones, which are triangular, excepting the terminal ones ; ultimate
joints slightly truncated at tip : thorax as broad as long, regularly
arcuated, and with the head forming a semi-oval ; highly polished,
bright rufous with a very large black orbicular spot before,
reaching beyond the middle: scutel oval, truncate at base: elytra
pale brownish-rufous, with regularly punctured, impressed strize :
postpectus and middle of the pectus, black: feet piceous.

Length nearly three-tenths of an inch.

[Belongs to Llater ; the specimen was immature, as the elytra
are usually black.—L«c. ]

16. E. prrecrus.—Brownish-black ; thorax rufous, bilineate
with black. [262]
Elater trilineatus Melsh. Catal.

396 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

Desc. Body short rebust: head piceous-black, transverse line
prominent, regularly rounded, acute; antenne hardly serrated,
piceous, second and third joints sub-equal, the second joint rather
longer ; thorax large, convex, rufous, with two longitudinal, di-
lated blackish lines, which do not reach the base; posterior
angles prominent, acute: scutel suborbicular; elytra brownish-
black, with regularly punctured, impressed striz : venter piceous
at tip: feet pale.

Length rather more than a quarter of an inch.

Var.a. A rufous dilated vitta extends from the humerus to-
wards the tip of the elytra.

Var. b. Vitta on, the elytra, and beneath rufous, feet white.

Var. c. The thoracic vitta confluent, and reaching the base.

The specific name trilineatus is pre-occupied.

[Is E/ater auritus Herbst, and belongs to Monocrepidius.—LEe. |

17. EK. quercrnus.—Black ; front concave: feet pale.

Elater quercinus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body slender, black, with rather long hairs: head with
the transverse line much elevated and emarginate in the middle :
antenne rather robust, serrated, three basal joints rufous, second
and third joints nearly equal: thorax longer than broad, hardly
narrowed before; a very slightly impressed longitudinal line :
anterior angles not wider than the head; posterior angles de-
pressed, obtuse, piceous: scutel orbicular: elytra with slightly
impressed, deeply punctured strie; feet pale yellowish, tinged
with rufous.

Length one-fifth of an inch.

[A common species of Limonius.—L«Ec. ] [ 263]

18. KE. pLesrsus.—Black ; front concave; feet pale; elytra
dark brown.

Elater plebejus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body rather slender, black, with rather short hair:
head with the transverse line much elevated and emarginate in
the middle: antenne hardly serrated, dark brown, three basal
joints dull rufous, second and third subequal hardly shorter, but
more slender than the succeeding ones: thorax convex, widest in
the middle ; anterior angles not wider than the head ; an obso-
lete obtuse indented line, obvious at base ; posterior angles rather
obtuse piceous: anterior and lateral margins obscure piceous:

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 397

scutel oval, truncated: elytra dark brown, obscure piceous at
base; strize slightly impressed, acute, punctured: beneath piceous :
postpectus and middle of the pectus blackish: feet pale.
Length seven-twentieths of an inch.
This species is very similar to the preceding, but its greatly
superior magnitude puts their specific difference beyond a doubt.
[Also a Limonius.—Lxc.]

19. EH. RECTANGULARIS.—F uscous ; robust; posterior angles
of the thorax rectangular.

Desc. Body robust, very dark brown, almost blackish, with
numerous, short, very robust whitish bristles; head with the
hairs incurved ; transverse line acute: antennz not reaching
more than half the length of the thorax, serrated, pale rufous,
first joint fuscous, second and third joints subequal, terminal
joint oval: palpi pale rufous: thorax subquadrate, rapidly nar-
rowing before the middle; posterior angles not produced, but
rectangular: elytra with regular series of large profound punc-
tures: feet dull rufous. [ 264 |

Length two-fifths of an inch.

This remarkable species I found near the Rocky Mountains,
during the journey of Major Long’s exploring party. It differs
widely from any other species I have seen, by its general aspect,
as well as by its short antenne, (which were completely con-
cealed in the lateral fissures of the pectus,) and the rectangular
posterior thoracic angles.

[Belongs to Lacon, which I formerly did not consider suffi-
ciently distinct from Adelocera to be received as a genus.—Lee. }

20. E. cucutnatus.—Thorax rather long; frontal line re-
markably elevated, and concave above.

Desc. Body reddish-brown, with very short hairs: head with
the frontal transverse line very much elevated and prominent,
lanciform, obtusely rounded and concave on its superior surface :
antenne rather long, slender, not serrated, second joint not much
shorter than the third: thorax longer than broad, rather slender,
with a longitudinai impressed line; a little narrowed behind the
anterior angles, and before the posterior ones, the latter not very
prominent, obtuse: elytra indented at the base of each, with im-

398 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

pressed punctured strie, the punctures of the interstitial lines
rather large.

Length nine-twentieths of an inch.

The peculiar form of the transverse line of the front, renders
this species easy of recognition. I found it on an oak tree in
June. In form it has considerable resemblance to . pyrros
Herbst, but is very different by many other characters.

[Belongs to Pedetes Kirby, which is composed of species of
Athous, and have lobed tarsi.—LEc. ]

21. KE. gemrnatus.—Black : elytra with an oval rufous spot
before the middle of each. [ 265 |

later bimaculatus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body deep black, polished, with numerous hairs ; oblong-
oval: head with the transverse line acute, but not prominent:
antenns, basal joint pale rufous : thorax widest at base, gradually
narrowed by an arcuated line to the anterior angles which are
not wider than the head ; no impressed line ; posterior angles not
prominent : elytra with irregular punctures, destitute of impressed
strie; a large, oblique, oval, bright rufous spot a little before the
middle of each, hardly reaching the suture or the exterior edge:
feet piceous.

Length less than three-twentieths of an inch.

This pretty little species seems to be allied to the bimaculatus
of Europe, but the elytra are not striated, as those of that spe-
cles are.

[Belongs to Lissomus.—L«c. ]

22. EK. NIMBATUS.—Pale brownish ochreous ; elytra striate ;
venter dusky.

Elater nimbatus Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Body rather slender, of a pale color, with somewhat long
hairs: head with the transverse line elevated, acute: antenne
somewhat slender, not serrated; second and third joints short,
equal: thorax tinged with dull rufous, not longer than broad,
with an impressed longitudinal line; posterior angles acute, a
little excurved at tip: scutel orbicular: elytra paler than the
thorax, without any rufous tinge: with impressed punctured
strie : beneath pale rufous: venter dusky.

Length more than three-twentieths of an inch.

[I have failed to identify this species —Lxc.]

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 399

23. E. BREVICQRNIS.—Antenne very short; thorax blackish,
anterior and posterior margins piceous. [ 266 |

Desc. Head hairy: vertex obtusely indented ; transverse line
of the front slightly elevated : antenne not reaching beyond two-
thirds the length of the thorax ; piceous; joint subcordate, ser-
rated second joint much shorter than the third: thorax rather
convex, blackish, slightly tinged with very dark purple-coppery,
anterior and posterior margins obsoletely piceous; lateral edges
parallel, curving inwards before the middle ; posterior angles ex-
curved ; a longitudinal, obtuse, slightly impressed line obsolete
before the middle: scutel ovate orbicular, hairy: elytra dark
brownish, very slightly metallic, lateral margin and suture paler ;
with impressed, punctured strie : beneath blackish: feet dull
rufous: pectus dull rufous on the anterior margin: venter with
the margin, and edges of the segments dull rufous.

Length three-fifths of an inch.

The antenne are shorter than those of any other species [
have seen, with the exception of the rectangularis nob., for which,
however, it cannot be mistaken.

[This isthe female of Corymbites appressifrons.—LEC. ]

24. EK. cLypeatus.—Black ; antenne and feet rufous ; clypeus
extending down to the mouth.

Desc. Body slender, deep black, punctured: head with a shal-
low rounded indentation on the front : clypeus narrowed between
the antennz, thence dilated and extending down to the mouth:
antennz serrate, bright rufous, joints short, second about one-
third as long as the third joint : thorax widest at the base, poste-
rior angles excurved, and towards their tips incuryed: scutel
rather large; elytra with impressed, punctured strie; second,
third, and fourth strize confluent behind the middle: feet dull
rufous.

Length less than one-fifth of an inch. [ 267 |

This may be mistaken for the guercinus nob.; but an inspection
of the form of the head and its parts will show that it is very
distinct. The form of the clypeus is somewhat unusual ; instead
of terminating in an elevated line between the antenne, or but
little before them, it is very much narrowed in that part, and as
it descends towards the mouth, it dilates very much.

[Belongs to Hucnemis.—LEc. ]

400 ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM.

25. E. rnsrprens.—Bright reddish-brown; transverse fronta
line much elevated, rounded.

Desc. Body rather slender, bright reddish-brown, polished :
head with the transverse line prominent, regularly rounded, the
edge acute ; antennze a little serrate, second and third joints sub-
equal: thorax with an obsolete impressed line at base: elytra
with impressed punctured striz.

Length more than one-fifth of an inch.

[A species of Cratonychus.—Lxc.]

26. E. ApPRESSIFRONS.—Obsoletely metallic ; transverse fron-
tal line not prominent.

Desc. Body rather slender, dark brownish, with a slight brassy
tinge ; hairs recurved, not prominent: head with the frontal line
or tip of the clypeus not elevated, but decurved between the an-
tenne: antenne rather robust, serrate; second joint much
shorter than the third, which is of the same form, and nearly of
the same size as the fourth ; terminal joint abruptly contracted
near the tip; thorax with an impressed longitudinal line obsolete
before: elytra with acute, punctured striae, suture exterior mar- ”
gin somewhat paler: feet piceous: abdomen margined with dull
rufous.

Length two-fifths of an inch.

Rather common. It closely resembles cylindriformis nob. : but
that insect is somewhat larger, with a prominent, emargined
[268] frontal line, the third joint of the antennz is cylindrical,
altogether different in form from the fourth, and the ultimate
joint is not abruptly contracted near the tip; in these and many
other characters it obviously differs from the present species.
In some specimens the anterior margin of the thorax is obscurely
piceous.

[Belongs to Corymbites.—LEc. ]

27. E. corzaris.—Black ; thorax rufous; frontal line not re-
flected ; second and third joinis of the antennze subequal.

Elater collaris Melsh. Catal.

Desc. Head black, the frontal transverse line or tip of the ely-
peus not in the slightest degree reflected, but considerably ele-
vated above the surface of the nasus : antenne serrate, second and
third joints subequal and nearly alike in form; thorax bright
rufous, posterior spines acute: scutel black, orbicular: elytra

ANNALS OF THE LYCEUM. 401

black, with impressed, punctured strize: pectus each side bright
rufous.

Length rather less than seven-twentieths of an inch.

Herbst considers this as a variety of the thoracicus Fabr., to
which indeed it is very similar, but that species differs in having
the tip of the clypeus, or the transverse frontal line, reflected,
and the third joint of the antennze much longer and more dilated
than the second. Our species is also very similar to the verti-
cinus Beauvois, but the latter is greatly larger, the head is either
partially or entirely rufous, and the third joint of the antenne is
much longer than the second; it has been called rubricollis by
Herbst, but Beauvois’ name has the priority.

[Belongs to later ; Beauvois never described the species.—
LEc.]

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

Page 29, line 8 from bottom, for polyturator read polycerator.
33, after description of Blaps hispilabris, add :
[Does not seem distinct from B. obscura.—L«c. ]
35, after ZEGERIA add Prats XIX.
191, at bottom add:
[Differs from Lytta enea Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Se. 3, 301,
and is described by me as L. Sayi, Proc. Acad. 6, 336.—LeEc. ]
263, line 5, for copLARIS read COLLARIS.
270, line 17, for hilaria read hilaris.

285, after C. arcuna add:
[Belongs to Conotrachelus.—L«rc. ]

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INDEX TO VOL. I.

Acenitus stigmapterus
Acalles clavatus
Acanthia confiuens
hirta
humilis
ligata
lugubris
Acrydium
laterale
ornatum
Adelocera impressicollis
Adoxus vitis
Aigeria
exitiosa
Omphale
Zigialia ? clypeata
thus bilineatus
Agraphus bellicus
leucopheus
Agrilus arcuatus
aa bilineatus
polita
pusilla
Allantus bifasciatus
externus
pallipes
ventralis
Alophus alternatus
Altica exapta
ocreata
teniata
Alysia pallipes
ridibunda
Ampulex canaliculata
Analcis zreus
Anelastes Druryi
Aneurus politus
Anisomorpha buprestoides
Anisoscelis albicinctus
coreulus
declivis
nasulus
oppositus

SO

Ancylochira confiuens
fasciata

maculativentris

rufipes
Anomalon flavicornis
humerale
mellipes
sexlineata
Anopheles 4-maculatus
punctipennis
Anthicus
bicolor
monodon
murinipennis
Anthocomus otiosus
Anthonomus calceatus

erythropterus

musculus
4-cgibbus
signatus
Anthrax alcyon
costata
fascipennis
fulvianus
tegminipennis
Anthribus brevicornis
cornutus —
coronatus
collaris
Aphodius clypeatus
hamatus
Aphrastus teniatus
Apiomerus linitaris
Apion rostrum
Sayi
segnipes
Aracanthus pallidus
Aradus acutus
zequalis
crenatus
emarginatus
granulatus
lobatus

179

404

Aradus ornatus
rectus
similis
Argynnis
Diana
Arhopalus speciosus
Arthromacra donacioides
Asaphes hemipodus
Ascalaphus 4-maculatus
Asilus abdominalis
Astata bicolor
unicolor
Astemma mavortia
Ataxia sordida
Ateuchus humectus
Atielabus ovatus
pubescens
Rhois
Aulacus fasciatus

Bacteria Sayi
Bacunculus Sayt
Betis alba
alternata
bilineata
femorata
Bagous ereus
mamumillatus
simplex
Balaninus constrictus
nasicus
nasutus
proboscideus
rectus
rostratus
Baridius acutipennis
interstitialis
nigrinus
penicellus
picumnus
scolopax
striatus
transversus
trinotatus
undulatus
Barynotus erinaceus
granulatns
rigidus
Belostoma americanum
annulipes
Boscii
dilatata
fluminea
grandis
grisea
Bembex monodonta
Beris dorsalis
viridis

282,

INDEX
352 | Berytus
352 muticus
351 spinosus
33 | Bethylus armiferus
33 rufipes
118 | Bibio thoracica
191 | Bittacus stigmaterus
390 | Blaps
204 acuta
255 hispilabris
166 obseura
228 suturalis
337 | Boletophagus
301 cornutus
301 corticola
264 | Brachycerus humeralis
263 | Brachys alboguttata
263 ovata
373 | Brachystylus acutus
Bracon exhalans
198 honestor
198 | ligator
204 populator
203 stigmator
203 tibiator
171 truncator
297 | Bromius vitis
297 | Bruchus mimus
297 musculus
294 obsoletus
279 obtectus
279 oculatus
279 4-maculatus
279 transversus
279 triangularis
295 | Buprestis
295 arcuata
295 bilineata
281 campestris
281 confiuenta
295 fasciata
281 maculativentris
282 rufipes
280 polita
281 pusilla
272 punctulata
273 6-notata
272 substrigosa
365 thureura
365 | transversa
365
366 | Calandra
364 compressirostra
365 eribraria
365 5-punctata
226 13-punctata
257) Callidium ruricola

Callopistus auricephalus

INDEX. 405

Calopteron reticulatum 45 | Chalcophora campestris 61
terminale 45 | Chariesterus antennator 323
sanguinipenne 46 meestus 323
Camptorhinus tubulatus 285 | Chauliodes serricornis 206
Canthon humectus 301 | Chlorophanus acutus 266
Capsus bractatus 348 Chrysis carinata 384
chlorionis 346 pacifica 384
circumcinctus 343 | Chrysomela decipiens 372

colon 346 scalaris 372
confiuens 343 | Chrysopila fasciata 28
dislocatus 339 ornata 27
fusiformis 344 | Cicindela 34
geminus 344 | albilabris 176
goniphorus 341 10-notata 34
imbecilis 345 formosa 35
insignis 342 longilabris 176
insitivus 340 terricola 176
invitus 345 | Cimex albipes 322
irroratus 346 punctipes 322
medius 341 purcis 358

mimus 338 | Cionus scrophularie 287
nubilus 341 | Cistela binotata 189
oblineatus 340 sericea 189
ochreatus 338 | Cleonus trivittatus 270, 288
4-vittatus 339 | Cleogonus sedentarius 298
rapidus 339 | Cleon posticata 172
scrupeus 342 | Clytus 117
stygicus 344 caprea 120
submarginatus 344 elevatus 120
succinctus 338 gibbicollis 120
tenuicornis 347 hamatus 118
vitripennis 345 Hayi 118
Carabus elevatus 103 ruricola 119
Cecidomyia ornata 242 speciosus 118, 193
Centrinus penicellus 281 undulatus 119, 193
picumnus 281 | Coccinella bitriangularis 197

seutellum album 287 labiculata 192

Cephus abbreviatus 209 mali 192
trimaculatus 209 multiguttata 197
Cerambyx scutellatus 192 | Codrus pallidus 382
Ceratopogon fasciata 80 | Coeliodes acephalus 285
Cerceris bidentata 168 curtus 298
frontata 167 | Celioxys 8-dentata 239

deserta 232 | Ceenomyia 42
Cercopeus chrysorheus 274 pallida 42, 251
Cercopis parallela 202 | Colaspis flavida 196
Ceropales bipunctata 225 infuscata 372
fasciata 224 4-notata 372
ferruginea 225 | Collops bipunctatus 107
Ceutorhynchus acephalus 285 nigriceps 108
cretura 285 tricolor 107

curtus 298 vittatus 108

inequalis 286 | Conotrachelus anaglypticus 283

4-spinosus 285 cribricollis 296

triangularis 286 elegans 284

Chalcis microgaster 219 posticatus 285
ovata * 219 retentus 295
Chalcolepidius viridipilis 392 | Copturus quercus 287

26*

406

Coreus antennator
confiuens
diffusus
Corixia abdominalis
calva
mercenaria
Corymbetes appressifrons
91, 399,
inflatus
rotundicollis
sulcicollis
Corymelena nitiduloides
Cossonus corticola
multiforus
platalea
Crabro 10-maculatus
scutellatus
6-maculatus
tibialis
trifasciatus
Cratonychus insipiens
Cryptocephalus
bivittatus
ealidus
confiuentus
ornatus
othonus
viduatus
Cryptorhynchus anaglypticus
argula
bisignatus
cribricollis
elegans
ferratus
foveolatus
lineaticollis
oblique fascia-
tus
obliquus
oculatus
operculatus
palmacollis
parochus
posticatus
retentus
tubulatus
umbrosus
Culex punctipennis
Curculio anaglypticus
acutus
auricephalus
corticalis
corticola
cretura
Daviesii
elegans
hilaris
lacena

INDEX.

323 | Curculio myrmex

325 nenuphar
325 nephele

366 nigrinus

366 noveboracensis
367 nucum

olyra

400 pensylvanicus
393 punctatulus
394 4-gibbus

391 quercus

311 13-punctatus
291 trinotatus
298 varians

292 | Cychrus

167 bilobus

230 elevatus

230. stenostomus
230 unicolor

231 viduus

400 | Cyclapus bractatus
63 tenuicornis
65 | Cyclomus sulcirostris
64 vittatus

64 | Cydnus bilineatus

63 ligatus

66

65 | Danaus

282 Plexippus
285 | Dasypogon AZacus
284 | Deracanthus? pallidus
296 | Dermestes nubilus
283 | Diapheromerus Sayii
296 | Dicelus

284 dilatatus

295 sculptilis

splendidus

284 violaceus
296 | Dicerca punctulata
287 | Dictyopterus perfacetus
287 substriatus
295 | Dilophus orbatus
285 stygius

285 | Diopsis brevicornis
295 | Dircea 4-maculata
285 tibialis

296 | Dolerus arvensis

241 collaris

282 inornatus
266 sericeus

268 | Dorcatoma oculata
292 | Dryinus bifasciatus
291 | Dryophthorus corticalis
285 | Dynastes Tityus

279 | Dytiscus carolinus
283 fasciventris
270

269 | Ectrychotes bicolor

INDEX.

Edessa bifida 304 | Epitragus canaliculatus
cruciata 311 | Erirhinus constrictus
lateralis 312 ephippiatus

Elater abruptus 389 mucidus
angulatus 391 rufus
appressifrons 400, 391,399 | Erodiscus myrmecodes
attenuatus 392 | Eucnemis clypeatus
auritus 396 | Eugnamptus angustatus 192,
bimaculatus 398 | Eumenes anormis
brevicornis 399, 391 fraterna
clypeatus 399 verticalis
collaris 400 | Eumolpus cochlearius
cucullatus 397 flavidus
dilectus 395 | Eustrophus bifasciatus
erosus 393 | Evania unicolor
Suscus 394
geminatus 398 | Falciger acephalus
hemipodus 390 | Foenus tarsatorius
impressicollis 394
inflatus 392 | Galleruca decora
insipiens 400 | Gerris canaliculatus
metallicus 392 marginatus
mucidus 392 remigis
muscidus 391 | Gonocerus antennator
nimbatus 398 dubius
parallelus 391 | Gorytes bipunctatus
plebejus 396 | Graphorhinus operculatus
quercinus 396 vadosus
rectangularis 397 | Gryllus
rotundicollis 394 formosus
rubricus 395 hirtipes
ruficollis 394 trifasciatus
silaceus 395
sulcicollis 391 | Hadromerus hilaris
trilineatus 395 Halys laticornis
umbraticus 395 | Hammatocerus purcis
unicolor 390 Hedychrum dimidiatum
viridanus 393 sinuosum
viridipilis 392 ventrale
viridis 390 | Helichus fastigiatus

Eledona cornuta 115 | Helops arctatus

Eleodes acuta 31 venustus

hispilabris 32 | Hemerobius irroratus
obscura 32 nebulosus
suturalis 30 vittatus

Elmis crenatus 181 | Hemerodromia superstitiosa

Enoplium 88 | Heteromyia

damicorne 90 fasciata
marginatum 89 | Hippodamia bitriangularis
onustum 89 | Hipparchia

pilosum 89 Andromacha
4-punctatum 90 semidea

Epeolus lunatus 240 | Hispa marginata

4-fasciatus 169 quadrata
~ scutellaris 240 vittata

Ephemera cupida 172 | Hydrometra lineata

Epicerus imbricatus 271 | Hydrobius globosus

vadosus 267 | Hydrophilus cihctus

408

Hydrophilus globosus
labiatus
nebulosus

Hydroporus punctatus

Hylobius pales

Hylotoma dulciaria

Hypsonotus alternatus
imbricatus

Ibalia anceps

Ichneumon
brevicinctor
bifasciatus
centrator
concinnus
devinctor
hilaris
inquisitor
malacus
morulus
otiosus
parata
pectoralis
polycerator
pterelas
residuus
vinctus

Ithycerus curculionoides

Laccophilus punctatus
Lacon rectangularis
Lemosaccus plagiatus
Lagria enea
Lamia crypta
Languria
bicolor
Latreillei
Mozardi
puncticollis
trifasciata
Laphria
dorsata
flavicollis
fulvicauda
posticata
pyrrhacra
sericea
Larra abdominalis
tarsata
Lasioptera ventralis
Leia ventralis
Leptis
albicornis
fasciata
ornata
vertebrata
Lepyrus geminatus
Leucospis affinis

INDEX.

182 | Limenitis

183 Arthemis
183 | Limnobia annulata
178 argus

273 imperialis
210 | Limonius plebejus
271 quercinus
271 | Liparus imbricatus

sulcirostris

218 tesselatus
46 vittatus

49 | Lissomus geminatus
377 | Listroderes caudatus
49 lineatulus
374 porcellus
48 sparsus
376 squamiger
375 | Lithodus humeralis
376 | Lixus concavus

377 lateralis

374 marginatus
373 musculus

376 prepotens

29 trivittatus

376 | Lophyrus abdominalis
377 | Ludius abruptus

375 attenuatus
266 | Lycus

perfacetus

178 reticulatus
396 sanguinipennis
265 terminalis

191 | Lygeeus bistriangularis
302 disconotus
84 fallicus

84 facetus

84 geminatus
84 leucopterus
85 numenius

85 reclivatus

iil sandarachatus
13 scolopax

255 | Lygerus

12 | Lytta

255 eenea

12 albida

12 maculata

165 Nuttalli

166 Sayi

242 sphericollis
247 | Madarus undulatus
26 | Magdalinus armicollis
27 barbitus
28 olyra

26 pallidus
27 pandura
273 | Malachius

220 bipunctatus

Malachius nigriceps
otiosus
tricolor
vittatus

Mantispa

brunnea
interrupta

Megachile emarginata

interrupta
jugatoria
latimanus

Melandrya labiata
striata

Melitza

myrina

Membracis diceros
concava
trilineata
binotata
latipes

Metonius ovatus

Milesia hematodes

Miris dorsalis

vagans

Mixtemyia 4-fasciata

Molorchus affinis
bimaculatus
marginalis

Monocrepidius auritus

Monedula 4-fasciata

ventralis

Monohammus scutellatus

Mononychus vulpeculus

Mutilla 4-cuttata

Mycetochares binotata

Mycetophila maculipennis

sericea

Mymeleon abdominalis

Myodocha opetilata

Myrmosa unicolor

Myzia 15-punctata

Nabis novenarius
purcis
Naucoris profunda

stygica

Nematus ventralis

Nemognatha
: immaculata
Nerthra stygica
Neuromus maculatue
Nezara pensylvanica
Noctua xylina
Nomada bisignata
Nomia ? heteropoda
Nosodendron unicolor
Notonecta undulata
Notoxus bicolor

54,

INDEX.

Notoxus monodon
Nymphalis Arthemis
Nysson 5-spinosus

Odontomyia vertebrata
Odontopus calceatus
Odynerus annulatus
crypticus
Opatrum bifurcum
cornutum
Ophion analis
bilineatus
emarginatus
emarginalus
geminatus

| Ophryastes sulcirostris

vittatus
Orchestes ephippiatus

pallicornis
Orthopleura damicornis
Osmylus validus
Otidocephalus myrmecodes
Oxybelus 4-notatus

Pachycoris chrysorheus

Pachybrachys litigiosus
viduatus
othonus

Pachyrhynchus Schénherri

} | Palingenia bilineata

limbata
Pamera bilobata
constricta
contracta
dorsalis
fallax
fera
nodosa
una
vincta
Pandeleteius hilaris
Pangonia
incisuralis
Panscopus erinaceus
Panurgus 8-maculatus
Paragus 4-fasciatus
Papilio
Alcidamas
Archippus
Astinous
Diana s
myrind
Nicippe
Philenor
Plexippus
Turnus
Parnus fastigiatus
Pedetes cucullatus

410

Pelecinus
polycerator
Pemphredon concolor
inornatus
Pentatoma abrupta
zequalis
augur
bifida
bioculata
calceata
calva
cynica
Delia
dimidiata
emarginata,
gamma
hilaris
inserta
laticornigs
ligata
lugens
nervosa
rufocinctum
rugulosa
saucia
semivittata
senilis
serva
tenebrosa
tristigma
undata
Perilampus hyalinus
triangularis
Peritelus bellicus
chrysorhceus
Perla bilineata
dorsata
imbecilla
immarginata
Perothops mucidus
Petalochirus biguttatus
cruciatus
Phenithon ?*brevicornis
Phaleria picipes
testacea
Philanthus
canaliculatus
politus
punctatus
vertilabris
« zonatus
Philhydrus cinctus
nebulosus
Phryganea
dossuaria
interrupta
lateralis
numerosa

INDEX.
29 | Phryganea radiata
29 semifasciata
229 sericea
229 subfasciata
317 viridiventris
319 | Phyxelis rigidus
313 | Phytononus comptus
303, 322 trivittatus
322 | Phytobius cretura
320 | Pieris
318 Nicippe
312 | Pirates mutillarius
320 | Pissodes macellus
318 nemorensis
313 strobi
322 | Platygaster pallipes
304, 316 | Platyomus auriceps
317 | Platyura fascipennis
315 | Plochiomera nodosa
315 | Ploiaria
322 brevipennis
321 errabunda
315 fraterna
319 maculata
318 | Pecilonota thureura
322 | Pecilus fraternus
316 lucublandus
314 | Polystcechotes punctatus
304, 322 sticticus
314 | Pompilus
319 fascipennis
382 formosus
381 marginatus
274 terminatus
274 unifasciatus
175 | Prionomerus carbonarius
174 | Proctotrupes caudatus
175 | Pseudomus sedentarius
174 | Psilus brevicornis
392 ciliatus
307, 358 obtusus
358 | Psychoda alternata
262 | Pterochilus 5-fasciatus
185 | Pterocolus ovatus
185 | Ptychoptera 4-fasciata
109 | Prionotus novenarius
111, 167
113, 232 | Reduvius
231 acuminatus
112 biceps
111, 167 crassipes
182 diadema
183 insidiosus
95 linitaris
97 musculus
98 novenarius
171 pectoralis
170 raptatorius

91, 165

Reduvius spissipes
ventralis
Rhaphigaster sarpinus
Rhinaria Schinherri
Rhinuchus declivis
nasulus
Rhynchenus argula
armicollis
caudatus
cerast
constrictus
lineaticollis
proboscideus
strobi
undulatus
a@neus
eeratus
angustatus
collaris
hirtus
nigripes
rubricollig
ruficollis

Rhynchites

Rhynchophorus cicaticosus

305,
305,

279,

192,

INDEX.

72
355
305
266
327
327
285
265
272
285
294
295
279
207
280
263
263
263
263
263
263
263
263
289

compressirostris 291

immunis
inzequalis

interstitialis

pertinax
placidus
prepotens
rectus

13-punctatus

. truncatus
venatus
Rhyncolus latinasus
Rhyssematus lineaticollis
palmicollis

Salda bullata
picea
uliginosa
Saperda vestita
Sapyga subulata
Sargus decorus
dorsalis
Sceva polita
Scaphinotus
elevatus
Scarabeeus
Hercules minor
marianus
Tityus
Scatopse atrata
Sciara atrata
exiga
dimidiata
fraterna

279,
279,

290
291
288
288
290
287
290

18
288
289
299
295
295

336
336
337
193
164
257
257

24
102
103

Sciara polita
Sciophila bifasciata
hirticollis
littoralis
obliqua
pallipes
Scirtes tibialis
Scolia
confluens
8-maculata
tricincta
Scutellera zneifrons
binotata
viridipunctata
Scydmenus brevicornis
clavipes
Sehirus albonotatus
Semblis punctata
Sericosomus viridanus
silaceus
Serlion terminalis
Serropalpus canaliculatus
4-maculatus
Sialis bilineata
dorsata
imbecilla
immarginata
Sirex Columba
pensylvanica
Sigalphus basilaris
sericeus
Sitona indifferens
scissifrons
Smerinthus
geminatus
Spalangius politus
Spectrum
bivittatum
femoratum
Spherophoria cylindrica
Spheroderus
bilobus
stenostomus
Sphenophorus
Sphex habena
Sphyracephala

brevicornis

Statyra senea
Stenosoma crypta
Stenotrachelus arctatus
obscurus

Stenopogon Aacus
Stenelmis crenatus
Stephanus rufipes
Stigmus fraternus
Stizus

grandis

unicinctus

68,
68,
69,

83,
82,

13;

412

Strophosomus tesselatus
Syritta pipiens
Syromastes fraterculus
obliquus
reflexulus
Syrphus
cylindricus
obscurus
obliquus
politus

Tanymecus confertus
confusus
lacena

Taphrocerus alboguttatus

Tarpa scripta

Tenebrio reticulatus

Tenthredo basilaris

pygmea
rufipes
terminalis
verticalis

Tetyra

alternata
cinctipes
fimbriata
marmorata
violacea

Tettigonia coagulata

Thamnophilus armicollis

barbitus
olyra

pallidus
pandura

Thecesternus humeralis

Thereva frontalis

Thylacites microps
microsus
tesselatus

Thyreocoris albipennis
histeroides

Tingis arcuata

INDEX.
268 | Tingis ciliata
16 cinerea
324 mutica
324 plexus
323 | Tiphia inornata
22 interrupta
22 transversa
23 | Tipula maculatipennis
23 | Trachys gracilis
24 ovata
Tremex
269 Columba
269 obsoletus
269 sericeus
389 | Trichocera scutellata
209 | Tropideres cornutus
184 | Tropidia quadrata
211 | Trox equalis
213 canaliculatus
212 | Trypherus marginalis
213 | Tychius amcenus
212 aratus
93 | Tylodes clavatus
94 | Tylomus lineaticollis
94 palmicollis
93, 311
310 | Xiphydria abdominalis
94 tibialis
307 | Xyela ferruginea
265 | Xylota
265 ejuncida
265 hematodes
266 quadrata
265
267 | Zaitha bifoveata
252 Bosctt
268 dilatata
268 Stollei
268 | Zelus bilob’s
311 | Zygops oculatus
311 operculatus
350 quercus

279,
279,

348
349
349
349
223
223
385
243
389
388

73

74
163
163
244
262

15
301
184
194
294
294
297
295
295

208
208
207
14
15
16

14

366
365
366
366
306
287
287
286

Lapilio Phitenor

unicincts.

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AUG 1961

QL
473
$2
Vel
rcp
Ent.

OL,
473
$2
ee
c.4
ant,

Say, Thomas, 178/-1834.
American entomology : a
description of the insects of
North America, with illustra-
tions drawn and colored after

nature.

oo. TD .