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CO 2: V.' c O WAr^}W£ I § > i > \R I ES^SMITHSONIAN institution NOliniliSNI NVlN0SHXmS^S3 1 dVda n CO X CO ~ CO UJ ^ lAJ ✓rrCASv^rv ^ c I ’U> j^f nimal January 1991 jveepers Forum Dedicated to Professional Animal Care ANIMAL KEEPERS' FORUM. 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 January 1991 Editor-in-Chief: Susan Chan Volume Eighteen Assistant Editor: Ron Ringer Number One Animal Keepers' Forum (ISSN 0164-9531) is a monthly journal of the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc., 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Ten dollars of each membership fee goes toward the annual publication costs of Animal Keepers' Forum . Third Class postage paid at Topeka, KS. Postmaster: Please send address changes to: American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Administrative Offices, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Barbara Manspeaker, Administrative Secretary BOARD OF DIRECTORS Oliver Claffey, Metro Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario, Canada President Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada Vice President Frank B. Kohn, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC 2(XX)8 Immediate Past President Janet McCoy, Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR 97221 Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo, Tucson, AZ 85716 COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSONS PROJECT HEADS Conference Book Committee Tim Kelly, Assiniboine Park Zoo Awards Committee Jan McCoy, Washington Park Zoo Book Review Coordinator Rick Emmer, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Staff Exchange Dale Freking, Kansas City Zoo AAZK— Histor.Y Committee Rachel Rogers, Miami Metrozoo International Affairs Coordinators - Mona Conservation. Preservation. Restoration Animal-Data. Txansfei.. Eorm Bemie Feldman, Burnet Park Zoo AAZK Liaison to AAZPA/IZE Brint Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. Keener Accommodations List Heidi Manicki, Metro Toronto Zoo An-AnnLQaelL-ln-Z.ook.eeping Pat Sammarco, Santa Fe Teaching Zoo Zoo Infant Development Project Harmony Frazier-Taylor, Woodland Park Zoo AAZK- Manual nf Resources Elandra Aum, Woodland Park Zoo Exhibit Design Form Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo Public Relations Liaison Tim Kurkowski, Zoo Atlanta Keeper Training & Education {includes Library Resources, Reference Search, Program Library, and Keeper Training Materials) L.R/R.S. - Marilyn Cole, Metro Toronto K.T.M- Rosemary Jalink Krussman, Nat'l Aquarium Research/Grants Committee Susan M. Barnard, Zoo Atlanta Public Education Committee Ellen Bradfield, Zoo Atlanta Keith, Calgary Zoo (east) Pam McDougall, Calgary Zoo (west) (CPR) Committee - Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo Membership Directory Administrative Office Staff Diet . NoteboQi^ Susan Bunn Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. EIuJQgicaL .Yalues/Gestation Toni Danzig, Greater S. F. Bay Area Chapter Legislative Advisor John Stoddard, Chicago, IL By-Laws Review Vacant Zop/University List Mike Illig, Washington Park Zoo Nominations & Elections David Luce, Fresno Zoo Zoonotic Diseases Notebook Bruce Clark, Toledo Zoo Keeper Training Videotape Production Coordinator - Vacant Order/Distribution Center at AAZK Administrative Offices in Topeka Liaison and Information Network for Keepers (LINK) Coordinator - Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada printed on recycled paper This month's cover art features keeper Jeff Ignaut who works in the aviculture department of Sea World in Orlando, FL. Jeff is pictured with some of his penguin charges from Sea World's Penguin Encounter. The artist for this ‘Keeper in Action’ cover is Yoshi. Yonetani who works for Zoo /DEL, Zoo Design & Education Lab in Kobe, Japan, and has been a longtime contributor to AKF. not only with artwork but with frequent updates on happenings in the Japanese Zooworld. Thanks, Yoshi! ^Bowling for Rhinos* Dates Announced Nanci Pintavalli, Chairperson for the 1991 ‘Bowling for Rhinos’ national AAZK fundraiser has announced that the event will be held between April 27 and May 11 this year. This time frame was determined after discussions with bowling industry representatives who informed Nanci that this ‘window’ worked well for most bowling alleys since they would have completed winter leagued and would not have started summer leagues. The funds raised from this year's event have been designated for the Ngare Ndare Forest Reserve, a 52 sq. km dry country cedar forest which is home to many animal species including elephant, lion and leopard. The Reserve, in conjunction with the Ngare Sergoi Rhino Sanctuary and Ian and Jan Craig of Lewa Downs, have solicited AAZK for $160,000 to be used in install solar electro fencing on the forest boundry in areas where their is conflict between agriculture and wildlife. Funds will be distributed to the Reserve through the Ngare Sergoi Support Group, Inc. Chapters and those groups which participated in last year's highly successful ‘Bowling for Rhinos’ event will be receiving further information from Nanci and AAZK in the near future. If you have questions, contact Nanci at: AAZK Bowling for Rhinos, P.O. Box 144, Dublin, OH 43017 or call Nanci at (614) 766-6475 [h]. AAZK Awards Committee Seeks Member Janet McCoy, Chairperson of the AAZK Awards Committee is seeking one more member to serve on this committee. This committee accepts and screens nominations for the AAZK Excellence in Zookeeping, Certificate of Merit for Zoo Keeper Education, Meritorious Achievement and the new Excellence in Exhibitry Awards. If you are interested contact Janet at Washington Park Zoo, 4001 S.W. Canyon Rd., Portland, OR 97221. Racetrack Video Availahle— submitted by Rosemary Krussman Due to the popularity of our videotape “Racetrack Trash Becomes a Rain Forest Bash”, we are able to make the tape available to interested Chapters. If your Chapter is considering a recycling project in your area please send your request and $5.00 for shipping to: Rosemary Krussman/ Aviculturist, c/o National Aquarium in Baltimore, Pier 3 501 E. Pratt St., Baltimore, MD 21202. I am interested in aiding Chapters in setting up projects similar to our Preakness clean-up, possibly involving our current contractor. Please feel free to contact me at the above address or call (301) 576-3827. AAZK would like to congratulate the Baltimore Zoo, National Aquarium and National Zoo for this highly successful conservation/fundraising project. Monies raised through their 1 Scoops & Scuttlebutt. Continued efforts went to purchase rainforest land through the ESP and The Nature Conservancy. Their project was recognized this year with the 1990 Conservation Award from the World Wildlife Fund which was presented at the New Orleans Conference. New International KAL. Contact in Netherlands Koen Brower, International Coordinator and Editor of De Harpii (Dutch Association of Zoo Keeper's journal) would like to invite American and Canadian zoo personnel who are planning to visit the Netherlands and/or Belgium to contact Fred Rueb, the Dutch/Belgium KAL coordinator. After sending Fred your schedule, he will provide you with the addresses of people to contact in the Netherlands or Belgium for accommodation during your travels there. Koen writes; “As our two countries are quite small, it is actually possible to use one address as home base. Day trips by train or car to the various zoos can then be easily arranged. It would be handy if zoo people writing Fred would tell him what their main interest are, which animals they work with, the number of people they will be traveling with and for how many days.” You can contact Fred Rueb at: Schalkeroord 48, 3079 WJ Rotterdam, the Netherlands (tel. 010-4829707). 1^ AM.Indfix .:.a.§Bg€ia^ Yrt submitted bv Janet McCov Janet reported that the Awards Committee has completed criteria for the Excellence in Exhibitry Award which will be offered for the first time in 1991. Following discussion with committee members, the BOD and others, it was decided to emphasize in the award criteria that this particular award is given for the renovation of an existing exhibit by keeper input/labor and was not given for a new exhibit. This was to avoid any confusion with the AAZPA^Exhibit Award. Materials submitted for nominations in this award category will also be forwarded on to the Exhibit Design Project for their use. Janet also requested that training manuals which are honored with the Excellence in Zoo Keeper Education Award should be made available to the Keeper Training Materials Identification Project. Proper institutional releases would be required before such manuals could become part of the KTMIP catalogue. A budget of $25.00 was approved for 1991. r Research/Grants Committee - report submitted bv Susan Barnard The purpose of this committee is to screen applications for the keeper initiated research grants offered by the AAZK. Susan reported that; five requests were received for grant application forms; one was completed and submitted at the time of her report. This application came from Wendy Marshall, of the Erie Zoological Gardens, Erie, PA. Her research project deals with the use of an enzyme immunoassay for urinary pregnanediol-3- gluuronide to detect pregnancy in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). Wendy submitted her six-month progress report at the New Orleans conference. At the Open Board Meeting Pat Sammarco (SFCC Teaching Zoo) suggested that when appropriated grant funds are not expended in any one year, the balance of these funds be rolled over into a revolving research/grants account which would be able to offer larger grants. It was decided that for the present the BOD would approve the offering of two $750 grants per year rather than the two $500 grants now offered. A budget of $1525.00 was approved for 1991. Legislative Advisor - rerxyrt submitted bv John Stoddard The goal of this position is to keep the membership informed, via AKF. of various legal, administrative and legislative changes affecting zoos, zoo animals, wildlife, conservation, and ecology. The advisor uses a variety of printed sources as well as a 17 Overview of 1990 AAZK Board of Directors Meetings. Continued computer EcoNeT system to gather information for the column. John has been placed on the AAZPA Legislative Committee's mailing list which offers him access to information gathered by the AAZPA legislative lobby. A budget of $150.00 was requested to pay the subscription costs for the Endangered Species Update, the EcoNet network for 12 months, and postage and miscellaneous. This was approved. Keeper Training and Education Committee - report submitted bv Rosemary Krussman and MarilYn.Cflk This year the Keeper Training Materials Identification portion of this committee distributed 76 manuals through Laura Treschel, manual section coordinator. Laura operates from the Minnesota Zoo through the Minnesota Zookeepers Association. The Guatemala Zoo was sent an extensive package of materials gratis at the request of Frank Kohn. One additional manual, “Written Hazard Communication Program from the Burnet Park Zoo” was added to the list of KTMIP manuals available. Goals for 1991 include publication of an updated list of training manuals and videotapes in both AKF and the AAZPA Communique. Also, Laura will be sending out a survey to institutions requesting training materials to be added to the catalogue. A budget of $100.00 was approved. The Reference Search portion of this Committee reports that the Metro Toronto Zoo has authorized the use of their computer facilities for the project and has purchased the software necessary to enter the database. Marilyn has entered approximately 300 references and will add more as time permits. Once th| project is up and running (hopefully by early spring 1991), members will be able to request information on bibliographies for specific species. A budget of $25.00 for postage was approved. Staff Exchange - reiwrt submitted bv Dale Frerldng Dale Frerking, Kansas City Zoo, was appointed to fill this position at the 1990 mid-year BOD meeting in Topeka. The former project head, Cynthia Simpson, is no longer at the Brookfield Zoo and neither she nor the projects files can be located. Since assuming the position. Dale has been familiarizing himself with the project, has been sent background materials from AO, and is preparing in 1991 to contact all those institutions listed on the access sheet to see if they are still interested in being on the Staff Exchange Access List, whether or not they have had changes in their originally reported information, and to find out if any of these institutions have utilized the staff exchange program in setting up exchanges for their staffs. A budget of $200.00 to cover survey mailings, etc. was approved for 1991. Keeper Accommodation List - reiwrt submitted bv Heidi Manicki Originated by a Metro Toronto Zookeeper in 1979, the purpose of the KAL is to provide traveling keepers with names of contact persons at various zoos around the U. S. and Canada who are willing to provide accommodations for their colleagues. The list now contains 69 contacts in 29 states, 5 provinces and 7 foreign countries. It was suggested that those currently on the KAL list need to be contacted on an annual basis to make sure the contact persons have not changed and to add any new information pertinent to the list's function. Keepers who are interested in serving as KAL contacts at their facilities should contact Heidi at Metro Toronto Zoo. A budget of $50.00 was approved. National Conferencea^Confercnce Bwk Committee The Toledo AAZK Chapter announced that the dates for the 1991 conference in Toledo will be October 6-10, 1991. They announced that they will depart from the typical conference program by having guest speakers on such topics as conservation, animal rights and the changing role of the zookeeper in relation to these topics. Guest speakers will be followed by panel discussion/workshop sessions. The committee also tentatively plans concurrent paper sessions, each on a specific topic (i.e. herpetology, mammalogy, etc.) 18 Overview of 1990 AAZK Board of Directors Meetings. Continued The 1992 AAZK Conference will be held in San Diego and will mark the 25th birthday of AAZK. The dates for the 1992 conference are September 27-October 2, 1992. Note that this conference will be a day longer than normal in order to allow for visits to the three participating facilities: San Diego Zoo, San Diego Wild Animal Park and Sea World. The Conference Committee plans to have a contest through AKF to choose a logo design for AAZK's 25th Anniversary. Tim Kelly, Chairperson of the Conference Book Committee, presented a outline of the book's contents to the Board. Since the reports from the 1987 Milwaukee conference and the 1989 Syracuse conference have been turned in, Tim has been instructed to have the final draft ready for approval by the BOD at the 1991 mid-year meeting in Topeka. The Conference Book will be in loose leaf format to allow for additions from future conferences. A budget of $50.00 was approved. Zoo/Universitv Project - report submitted bv Michael Blig The purpose of this project is to provide a list of colleges and universities which offer course work or degree programs relating to animal care/management. The list currently contains 98 entries representing 38 States, two Provinces and Great Britain's National Extension College in Cambridge. During the past year Mike has put the list on Macintosh computer and has produced an attractive, professional looking product. During 1991 he plans to send copies of the list to zoo education departments in the U.S. and Canada. A budget of $50.00 was approved. AAZK Keeper Training Videotape Project - rerwH submitted bv Marilyn Cole During the past year the distribution portion of this project has been moved from Woodland Park Zoo to AAZK AO in Topeka. Two tapes are currently available for purchase: “Keeper Safety - An Attitude Adjustment”; and “An Introduction to Feeds and Feeding”. Marilyn reported that despite repeated attempts to interest other Chapters in producing new tapes, none have come forward to produce tapes for this project. At the conference, Judie Steenberg's script for the video series “The Keeper's Role in Zoo Animal Health” was submitted for Board/Committee review and approval. Marilyn also reported that due to personal commitments she would be resigning as chairperson of the production phase of this project. The Board is therefore seeking individuals with video experience to submit resumes in order to fill this position. A budget of $25.00 for postage expenses was approved. Animal Data Transfer Form - report subimtted bv Bemie Feldman Bernie reported that during the past year 5085 ADT forms were mailed out to requesting individuals/institutions. This important resource document continues to be used widely in the zoo field and is truly one of AAZK's most worthwhile projects. The forms are supplied gratis as a professional service of AAZK. During 1990 the situation arose of a zoo duplicating the ADT form on their computer without giving credit to AAZK as the originator of the form. This situation was resolved but did bring up the question of whether or not the ADT Form should be copyrighted and whether AAZK should offer computer templates of the ADT Form for those zoos wishing to keep such records on their computers. Both of these items are being investigated and a report will be given to the Board at the mid-year meeting. At the open Board meeting, Charles Horton of Zoo Atlanta suggested that it would be nice to have a reply form which the receiving keeper could return to the sending keeper to inform them on how the shipment went, the animal's condition upon arrival, etc. This suggestion will be passed on to the committee chairperson for consideration. A budget of $800.00 to cover the cost of printing the ADT forms, postage, misc. was approved for 1991. Exhibit Design Form - report submitted bv Mark de Denus Since taking over this inactive project in 1989, Mark has redesigned the form to make it easier to fill out while still providing the necessary information to make it useful. The idea behind the redesign of the form was also to standardize the information being sent in from contributors. Mark reported that the committee hopes to include an area on the form where 19 Overview of 1990 AAZK Board of Directors Meetings. Continued contributors may include a sketch of the exhibit if they so desire. The EDF will continue development and refinement and will then be distributed through advertisement in AKF, through AAZPA/CAZPA newsletters and by approaching individual Chapters through the LINK system. Once sufficient data is gathered, the information would be published in a reference work similar to the AAZK Diet Notebook. A budget of $500,00 to cover printing costs, postage, etc. was approved for 1991. Chapter Proiects/Producte Bumper Sticker Project (a project of the High Flams AAZK Chapter. Garden Citv. KS) - report submitted bv Joanna Bower Joanna reported that they have about 400 of the original order of bumper stickers left to sell. They have lowered the price from $2.50 each to $1.50 in hopes of reducing their inventory. The project has made a profit of $442.70 to date with half that amount going the the national association. Several Board members expressed the opinion that they thought a better slogan could have been used on the bumper sticker (i.e. Keepers Care, etc.) and that they should feature a cleaner, sharper reproduction of the AAZK rhino logo. AAZK Logo T-Shirts/Sweatshirts/Colder Holders (a project of the Little Rock AAZK Chapter - report submitted bv Marie Schmude. The Chapter continues to offer T-Shirts for $8.50 each and Sweatshirts for $18.00 each. T- shirts come in blue, brown and tan. Sweatshirts are in either grey or maroon. The colder- holders come in gray, red or orange and feature the Little Rock Chapter Logo and sell for $3.50 which includes shipping. The project has made $157.20 during this reporting period with half this profit submitted to AAZK. The Chapter is going to investigate selling Bowling for Rhinos T-shirts and possibly have a limited edition T-shirt with a neon AAZK logo. AAZK Magnetic Safety Signs. Ca.PrQ,igCt Qf thg Flint Ifills AA^ Chapter. Manhattan. - refport submitted bv the Chapto*. Since the beginning of this project in September 1989, the chapter has sold 31 magnetic safety signs. Of the 60 originally ordered, the Chapter needs to sell six more before they will realize a profit. The Board discussed the need to encourage AAZPA to recognize and promote utilization of such signs as a safety measure in their facilities. It was suggested that a notice of their availability be placed in the AAZPA Communique. It was also suggested that the AAZPA Safety Committee be sent a gratis sign with information about its use. It was suggested at the open Board meeting that it would be useful to have holes punched in the sign's corners for use with “S-hooks” on area where magnetic signs will not adhere. Zoo Stories Book (a nroic^ of the Brookfield Zoo AAZK Chapter )- report submitted bv John Stoddard, The initial printing of this book of anecdotal zoo stories was done in August 1988. A second printing was done in October 1988. The Brookfield Chapter has thus far sent $275.00 to the national association as their portion of the profits. The volume continues to be available from the Brookfield Chapter for $3.50 plus 70 cents postage. Additional story submissions are being collected but at this point not enough have been gathered to warrant a second volume. AAZK Logo Coffee Mugs/Egg Ornaments (a project of the Milwaukee County Zoo AAZK Chapter -.mrsi»rt.wassitoimtted forlSQQ, AAZK Logo license Plates (a protect of the Detroit Zoo AAZK Chapter) - no report submitted At the open board meeting Lee Williams reported that the license plates are still available but the price has been raised to $5.00 each to cover postage and handling costs. David Luce 20 ELECTION '91 WE WANT YOU! Do you wish to help your professional organization? Become an AAZK Board Member. Three seats are up for election - those held by Oliver Claffey, Frank Kohn and Bob Debets, whose terms expire 31 December, 1991. New Board members will serve a four-year term from 1 January 1992 through 31 December 1995. Why is this first call for nominations so early? TIME is the answer. Nominations, candidates verification and tallying mailed ballots require time. We also wish to notify winners early enough to allow them to make arrangements to attend the National AAZK Conference before they assume office the following January. This will enable the new Board Members to become familiar with Board responsibilities and AAZK activities before they assume responsibility for our organization. Duties of the Board of Directors For a more detailed explanation of the expanded duties of the Board, refer to the By-Laws (available upon request from Administrative Offices in Topeka, KS). 1) Select, appoint or remove officer's, committees, agents and employees of the Association, including - prescribing powers and duties. 2) To control and manage the Association and its property, passing upon acquisition and disbursements with approval of a majority of the Board. 3) To formulate policies, rules and regulations in accord with the Constitution & By-Laws. 4) To uphold the Constitution of AAZK and the policies of the Association. 5) To appear at Board meetings, to accept Board assignments and to devote the time to communications pertinent to all Board business, including answering correspondence promptly and efficiently. Qualifications for Nomination 1) Nominee must be a Professional Member of AAZK and must have been a member of the Association for at least one year. 2) Nominee must be presently employed as an animal keeper/attendant by a recognized zoological institution or aquarium in the U.S. or Canada and must have been in the zoological field for at least two years. NpminatiQn PrcK^dyir^ 1) Nominator Form: a. List the name of the nominee, phone, address, and institution. b) State in 150 words or less the reason(s) why the nominee warrants election to the Board of Directors. c) Nominator signs forms and mails to NEC Chairperson. d) Notifies nominee that they nominated him/her for the Board. 2) Nominee Biographical Form: a) Professional background: places of employment, length of service, titles. b) Membership in AAZK: National and local chapters, number of years, offices held, involvement in activities. c) Educational background. d) Membership in Affiliate Organizations: (AAZPA, Audubon, etc.) e) Other information the nominee feels is pertinent. D References (one or two) g) Nominee signs forms and mailed to NEC Chairperson. NOTE; Candidate is ineligible for nomination if both the nominator and nominee biographical forms are not complete and returned to the NEC Chairperson by 31 January 1991. Forms are in this issue of AKF or may be obtained from the NEC Chairperson. Send competed forms to: David Luce, Fresno Zoo, 894 W. Belmont, Fresno, CA 93728. Nomination Form for AAZK Roard of Directors Qualifications for Nomination; 1) Nominee must be a Professional Member of AAZK and must have been a member of the Association for at least one year. 2) Nominee must be presently employed as an animal keeper/attendant by a recognized zoological institution or aquarium in the U.S. or Canada and must have been in the zoological field for at least two years. 1. Name of Nominee: Address: Phone: Institution: Directon 2. State in 150 words or less the reason(s) why the nominee warrants election to the AAZK Board of directors. 3. Signature of Nominaton 4. Form must be received by the NEC Chairperson bv 31 January 1991. Send to: David Luce, Fresno Zoo, 894 W. Belmont, Fresno, CA 93728. Nominee Biographical Form for AAZK Board of Directors (To be completed by Nominee) 1. Name: _ Address: Phone: PLEASE TJST THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION 2. Professional Background: (places of employment, length of service, titles) ( 3. Membership in AA2TC: a) National: number of years Activities: b) Local Chapter(s): number of years, offices held, involvement in activities. 4. Educational Background: 5. Memberships in Affiliate Organizations: (AAZPA, Audubon, etc.) 6. Other information the nominee feels to be pertinent: 7. References (one or two): gave name, address and phone number where they can be reached: 8. Nominee's Signature: 9. Form must be received by NEC Chair bv 31 January 1991. Send form to: David Luce, Fresno Zoo, 894 W. Belmont, Fresno, CA 93728. Overview of 1990 AAZK Board of Directors Meetings. Continued (Chaffee Zoo) suggested that the Chapter might want to consider producing a license plate holder with an AAZK theme since some states requires regular license plates on both the front and back of vehicles. AAZK Logo Stickers/Decals (a project of the Mill Mountain Zoo AAZK Chapter) - no report submitted for 1990. AAZK Logo Blue Mesh Shopping/Beacli Bags la protect . of the Philadelphia Zoo AAZK Chanter) This product was just made available at the New Orleans Conference. The bags measure 16 X 19 inches, a made of nylon mesh and heavy canvas and sell for $4.00 each plus 50 cents postage. They may be ordered from the Philadelphia AAZK Chapter. AAZK Book Sale (a project of the Beardsley Zoo AAZK Chanter) - report submitted bv Brint Spencer The Chapter offers a list of books at discount rates on a quarterly basis through AKF. These books deal with natural history, zoology, conservation and the environment— topics of interest to AAZK members. The first selection was offered in the July 1990 AKF. A profit of $104.10 was realized. The second sale was advertised in the November 1990 AKF. Profits will be split on a quarterly basis with national. The Central Arizona AAZK Chapter has proposed the establishment of an animal slide library. This Slide Library would be maintained by the Chapter. Slides would be solicited nationally through AKF and individual contacts. Slides chosen would become the property of the Central Arizona Chapter and be released for use in the Slide Library Program. Once established, the Slide Library would serve as a source for members to obtain slides they wish to use in presentations, etc. Tentatively set cost for obtaining slides would be $2.00 per slide. The net profit of $1.10 per slide would be split between the Chapter and the national association. This proposal was approved by the Board and the Chapter will begin the process of securing slides and setting up the slide library in 1991. Susan Barnard, Zoo Atlanta, and Brint Spencer, Beardsley Zoo, had proposed a technical review process for articles submitted to AKF. Their proposal included a list of experts in various field who would serve as reviewers. It was decided that this review process would be tabled until after completion of the AKF survey which is planned for February 1991. Susan's proposal will be discussed again at the 1991 mid-year meeting. David Jenkins of the AAZPA spoke to the delegates during the paper sessions concerning the Save Our Rhino Walk which is to be undertaken by Kenyan native Michael Werikhe this spring. He encouraged members and Chapters who were located along the designated route to offer whatever support they could for Mr. Werikhe's efforts (i.e. obtaining pledges for walking with him, other fundraisers, etc.) The Board endorsed the program, but stated that it would be up to the individual Chapters to determine just how they wanted to be involved since many were putting their efforts into AAZK’s Bowling for Rhinos fundraiser already. The Buckhorn Publishing Company had proposed a cooperative effort between them and AAZK. This would involve the sale of art prints of various species through zoo gift shops. AAZK would have input into the text used on the prints and each print package would include information about AAZK. AAZK would receive 5% of the wholesale price for each unit sold. The only stipulation on the project comes from the wildlife artist who requires that the funds generated be used for bonafide conservation causes. The proposal would cost 21 Overview of 1990 AAZK Board of Directors Meetings. Continued AAZK nothing but would have the potential to raise additional funds for the Conservation, Restoration and Preservation Committee's projects. This proposal was submitted to committee for study and further recommendation to the Board at mid-year meeting. Ed Hansen and the Tucson Chapter have proposed establishment of a Membership Clearing House Committee at Tucson. They would be responsible for handling inquiries regarding keeper to keeper correspondence, (i.e. if a keeper wishes to receive a list or Ursidae specialists in other zoos, they would write to Tucson and receive a list of names and zoo addresses of keepers interested in this field). In addition the Tucson Chapter AAZK would maintain the Membership Directory on a up-to-date database in Tucson. Information would be forwarded monthly from Topeka AO to Tucson to make this project feasible. This proposal was approved by the Board and the transition of information from AO to Tucson will begin as soon as the Tucson Chapter is ready to start up the project. Availability of the Membership Clearing House Information Service will be announced when it is on line. Minutes of the 1990 AAZK General Membership Meeting The meeting was called to order at 3:15 p.m. on 8 November 1990 by President Oliver Claffey. The first order of business was a motion by Bill Whittaker to withdraw his previous motion to table a vote of the proposed by-law revisions. This accomplished, Oliver went over the by-law revisions line by line to make sure all those voting had a clear understanding of the changes. The by-law revisions were unanimously passed by the voting professional members in attendance. The next order of business was the reading of a statement from the Board of Directors concerning the reasons for the removal of Bill Whittaker as Chairperson of the former CRAC system. A copy of this statement appears under the President's message elsewhere in this issue of AKF. The next order of business was a report by each Board Member on the committees/projects under their oversights. Pertinent comments by project/committee chairs are included in the overview section above. Joe Rindler of the Columbus Zoo presented the national association with a check for $500.00 which the Chapter raised from the can recycling project. The proposal of Chapters tithing a percentage of their net income to the national association to help defray operating/project expenses was also discussed. This proposal has also been assigned to the Advisory Council for a recommendation to the BOD. Oliver announced that Bill Whittaker and Pat Sammarco had been asked to serve on the Advisory Council which was created at this conference. The Council will study questions/problems delegated to it by the BOD and present possible solutions and/or proposals to the BOD. Oliver noted that three more members are being sought for this council and any Professional member interested in serving in this capacity should contact Oliver. Oliver encouraged members and Chapters to become involved in National Conservation Day planned for June 1, 1991. He reminded members of the Rhino Walk in April which is being sponsored by the AAZPA. The Zoo Atlanta Chapter had presented a bid to host the 1993 National AAZK Conference. At the General Meeting this bid was unanimously approved by the attending delegates. There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned at 5:00 p.m. to reconvene in Toledo in 1991. 22 Chapter News The American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. is pleased to welcome its most recently chartered Chapter into the organization. This is the Caldwell Zoo AAZK Chapter located at the Caldwell Zoo, P.O. Box 4280, Tyler, TX. This new Chapter has 16 members and its officers are: President Carol McCadden Vice Pres Scott Maddox Secretary... ..Michael Harrell Treasurer Jayne Davis Chapter Liaison. ....Becky Boelkes Bronx Zoo AAZK Chapter Our December meeting was a great success. Amy Vedder, now with the W.C.I., gave an interesting account of her research in Rwanda on the mountain gorillas. Along with her commentary, Amy also had a fascinating slide show. Although she kept apologizing for the great number of slides she brought, no one seemed to mind. In fact, everyone was surprised at how quickly the time went. We hope all our monthly meetings will be as well attended as this one was. The Chapter is switching its recycling emphasis from bottles and cans to plastics as the Society (NYZS) began its recycling program. Our current fundraising event for future Chapter conservation projects is a photo contest. A panel of three judges will award prizes in three categories: “Zoo Photos”, “Nature Photos”, and “Zookeepers on the Job”. Entrees will be accepted from December until February with the winners announced in March. New officers for the Bronx Zoo Chapter are: President Mark Hofling Vice Pres Doug Piekarz Treasurer Bob Edington Secretary Carol Evans Chapter Liaison Peter Psillas -Peter Psillas, Chapter Liaison San Antonio AAZK Chanter Howdy, fellow AAZKians - it's been a long time since SAZ reported any activity - we've been hibernating. To update: for fundraising we are still having coffee and doughnut sales the day after pay day (good choice of sale days, eh?), and for ecology we provide the mugs. SAZ-AAZK participated in the first national ‘Bowling for Rhinos’ last February with 12 bowlers raising about $450.00. Much of the work and half the money is thanks to Angie Heggood. Our President, Rick Oliver, left in June for greener pastures - or bluer waters - he went to the Bahamas. So the VP, Gary Frank was filling in. We had at that time 6 members. In November we had a membership drive (notice “New Professional Members”column). We now have 25 members. With elections in December, we hope to get moving in January with monthly activities. -Ann Marie Greco-Laird Regional Coordinator. South Plains Williamg Park Zqq ChaP-ter New officers for this Chapter, located in Providence, RI, are: President Todd Cleveland Vice Pres Martha Turnbull Treasurer Tracy Frampton Secretary Jeannette Nadeau Keeper-at-Large Joe Kurtenbach Zoo Atlanta AAZK Chanter Newly elected officers for 1991 are: President Charles Horton Vice Pres Emma Woods-Cusson Treasurer Gary Roesinger Secretary Laura Kinkaid Chapter Liaison Lisa Hughes At the recent 1990 National AAZK Conference, our Chapter's bid for the 1993 National Conference was a winner! Our Chapter is thrilled to be host for the National Conference, and looks forward to seeing everyone in Atlanta in '93. Fundraising ideas are 23 Chapter Ngw$, Continued already in progress. We hope to soon have a wishing well on the zoo grounds for visitors to wish away their coins. Our last fundraiser which included photograph sales, allowed our Chapter to make a $275.00 donation to the Digit Fund and also a donation of $100.00 to the AMAZOO Project. -Lisa Hughes, Chapter Liaison San Diego AAZK Chapter In November the Chapter sponsored a pathology workshop with Dr. Kent Osborn, San Diego Zoo veterinary pathologist. Guests were invited to pull up a chair, take a good whiff of formalin, and examine a variety of animal tissue samples. Kent made certain to outline the true value of the pathologist's work. The gross examination of tissue structure at necropsy and the microscopic examination of histological samples can help determine not only the cause of death, but also can confirm or contradict pre-mortem diagnoses, uncover pathologic trends in a particular species. and reveal new information about species disease states. There are all areas that can contribute to the management and care of living captive specimens. The Chapter also held its Sixth Annual Photo Contest with winners announced in November. The categories for this year's contest were Best of Land, Best of Air, Best of Sea, and AAZK in Action. Special thanks to Teresa Everett for organizing this year's event. In December the Chapter's program featured Ron Garrison whose topic was “The Other Side of China: A Visit to the Przewalski Horse Reintroduction Center”. Members also brought their favorite ethnic dish for the “Foods Around the World” potluck supper. Taking their place on the San Diego AAZK Chapter's Board of Directors this month are: Mary Dural, Children's Zoo Neil Ferrier, non-zoo Chapter member Nolan Harvey, Sea World Vickie Steele, SDWAP Ann Weaver, San Diego Zoo -Mary Dural, Chapter Liaison m Coming Events AAZPA Regional Conferences for 1991 Southern Regional - 10-12 March, 1991. For more information contact Les Schobert, North Carolina Zoological Park, Route 4, Box 83, Asheboro, NC 27203 (919) 879-7000. Western Regional - 24-26 March 1991. For more information contact Sal Perkins, Wildlife Safari Park, P.O. Box 1600, Winston, OR 97469. (503) 679-6761. Central Regional - 7-9 April 1991. For more information contact Carol Fames, Tulsa Zoolgical Park, 5701 E. 36th St. North, Tulsa, OK 74115 (918) 596-2401 Northeastern Regional - 21-23 April 1991. For more information contact Tony Vecchio, Roger Williams Park Zoo, Roger Williams Park, Providence, RI 02905 (401) 785-9450 Ext. 80. Great Lakes Regional - 55-7 May 1991. For more information contact Greg C^ise, Binder Park Zoo, 7400 Division Dr., Battle Creek, MI 49017 (616) 979-1351. 24 L.IJsr.K, (liaison and Information Network for Keepers) Director for the LINK System: Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5. (204) 889-2919 {h}. Regional Coordinators Karin Newman, Milwaukee County Zoo, 10001 W. Bluemound Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226 for the State of Wisconsin Lee Williams, Detroit Zoo, P.O. Box 39, Royal Oak, MI 48068 for the State of Michigan Rick Smith (St. Louis Zoo) , 7417 Madge, Maplewood, MO (mailing address) (314) 781-8037 {h} for the State of Missouri Debbie Jakcson, Little Rock Zoological Gardens, #1 Jonesboro Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205 for the State of Arkansas Wendy Davis, Lake Superior Zoo, 7210 Fremont St., Duluth, MN 55807 for the States of Minnesota & Iowa Elandra Aum, Woodland Park Zoo, 5500 Phinney Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98103 (206) 625-2244 [w] for the State of Washington Mike niig, Washington Park Zoo, 4001 SW Canyon Dr., Portland, OR 97221 for the State of Oregon Joe Rindler, Columbus Zoo, 9990 Riverside Dr., Box 400, Columbus, OH 43065 for the States of Ohio & Kentucky Dan Powell, Potawatomi Zoo, 500 S. Greenlawn, South Bend, IN 46615 for the State of Indiana Joanna Bower, Lee Richardson Zoo, P.O. Box 499, Garden City, KS 67846 for the State of Kansas Carla Wieser, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo, 10th St. & Deer Park Blvd., Omaha, NE 68107 for the States of Nebraska and Iowa David Luce, Chaffe Zoo, 894 W. Bel;mont Ave., Fresno, CA 93728 (209) 488-1549 [w] for Middle California Celeste Northrop, San Diego Zoo, P.O. Box 551, SanDiego, CA 92112 for Southern California & Southern Nevada John Turner, Denver Zoo, City Park, Denver, CO 80205 for the States of Colorado and Utah Bruce Eneboe, Reid Park Zoo, 1100 S. Randolph Way, Tucson, AZ 85716 for the States of Arizona & New mexico Jeanette Nadeau, Roger Willaims Park Zoo, Providence, RI 02905 or Mark Hofling, Bronx Zoo, 185th & Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10460 (212) 220-7115 [w] or Alan Baker, Burnet Park Zoo, 500 Burnet Park Dr., Syracuse, NY 13204 for the States of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Rhode Island & Connecticut Jon Brangan, Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, RI 02905 (401) 785-9450 Ext. 80 [w] for the States of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Deleware, Maryland, Virginia, (401) 831-5955 [h] West Virginia and the District of Columbia Tami Ryf, Dreher Park Zoo, 1301 Summit Blvd., West Palm Beach, FL 33405 or Betty Grogan, Jacksonville Zooloeical Park, P.O. Box 26767. Jacksonville, FL 32218 for the State of Florida Fred Alvey, Zoo Atlanta, 800 Cherokee Ave. S.E., Atlanta, GA 30315 for the States of Georgia & Alabama Michelle Herman, Jackson Zoological Park, 2918 West Capitol St., Jackson, MS 39209 for the States of Mississippi & Tennessee Ann Marie Greco, San Antonio Zoo, 3903 N.St. Mary's St., San Antonio, TX 78212 for the States of Texas & Louisiana Terry Male, Metro Toronto Zoo, Box 280, West Hill, Ontario, Canada MIE 4R5 (416) 392-5900 (w) for the Province of Ontario Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5 for the Provinces of Manitoba & Saskatchewan/States of ND,SD (204) 837-1635 [h] Chantal Routheir, Granby Zoo, 347 Rue Bourget, Granby, Quebec, Canada J2G 1E8 for the Province of Quebec Dean Treichel, Valley Zoo, Box 2359, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5J 2R7 (403) 483-5525 [w] for the Provinces of Alberta & British Columbia 25 Institutions wishing to advertise employment opportunities are asked to send pertinent data by the 15th of each month to: Opportunity Knocks lAKF. 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Please include closing dates for positions available. There is no charge for this service and phone-in listings of positions which become available close to deadline are accepted. Our phone is 1-800-242-4519 fU.S.); 1-800-468-1966 (Canada). Our FAX is 913-272- 2539. ZOO DIRECTOR...the Grand Isle Heritage Zoo in Grand Island, NE is looking for a director to manage its 7 1/2 acre zoo. The Heritage Zoo is a young (1981) privately operated zoo. The ideal candidate will be able to work well with people, have the ability to manage, the experience and knowledge to handle the animal requirements of a small zoo. Grand Island is a friendly, family-oriented community with a low cost of living. Salary $20,000 to $26,000 per year negotiable with benefits. If you are looking for a rewarding, challenging position which will allow you to use your creativity send your resume and cover letter by 30 January 1991 to: Dan Fogland, President, Grand Island Heritage Zoo, P.O. Box 1345, Grand Island, NE 68802 (308) 382-3899. ANIMAT, KEEPER...raa\n responsibility involves care/maintenance of reptiles, aquatic animals, and filtration systems. Requires two year's college in life sciences and one year's documented experience working with animals in a zoological institute. Starting salary $15,700, plus excellent benefits. Contact: John B. Keeley, General Curator, Grassmere Wildlife Park, P.O. Box 40266, Nashville, TN 37204. ZOOKEEPER (4 positions) ...stToag husbandry background essential in one of the following fields - Hoofstock, Primates and Cats. Duties include but not limited to the daily care, feeding, enclosure cleaning & ipaintenance, and record keeping of animals. Salary $16,000 - $18,000. Resumes accepted until positions are filled. Send to: John Seyjagat, Lubee Foundation, Inc., 18401 N.W. County Rd. 231, Gainesville, FL 32609. ANIMAL KEEPER...Tec\u.\red to help care for a collection of mammals, reptiles and birds. We are looking for someone with a special interest in reptiles who can give talks and demonstrations to large groups of people. The applicant should have some experience in a zoo environment, be self-motivated and feel comfortable meeting the public. Salary is based on background and will include a medical plan. Send resume to: Vince Hall, Claws 'n' Paws Wild Animal Park, RD 6, Lake Ariel, PA 18436. ANIMAL KEEPERIMAMMAL DEPT. ...Baltimore Zoo - Salary $15,500. Each candidate must have one year's paid experience in the care and handling of a variety of mammals, excluding pets; or have 6 month's experience in the care and handling of animals in a zoological institution; or have a bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university in biology, zoology, animal science or veterinary technology. Under the direct supervision of a Senior Keeper and/or Curator. Send resume to: Personnel Dept., Baltimore Zoo, Druid Hill Park, Baltimore, MD 21217. ZOOKEEPER...BiTmmgham Zoo, Birmingham, AL. Responsible for daily care, feeding and exhibit maintenance for a wide variety of zoo animal species. Salary $17,160 - $22,984. Excellent benefits. For specific job qualifications and to receive an application form call: Laurie Cavender at (205) 325-5769. EOE. ANIMAL KEEPER...responsih\e for daily care and feeding of mammals and birds. Also grounds maintenance. Salary open. Send resume to: Gettysburg Game Park, 320 Zoo Road, Fairfield, PA 17320. SENIOR KEEPERIBIRD DEPT^.. .requires relevant college degree and two years' zoo experience or five years' zoo experience, two of which must be of supervisory level. This position is under the direction and guidance of the curator and is responsible for overseeing a bird section, including supervision and training of staff. Salary commensurate with experience. Deadline for acceptance of application is 31 January 1991. Send resume to: Personnel Dept., Baltimore Zoo, Druid Hill Park, Baltimore, MD 21217. 26 Opportunity Knocks. Continued ClJRATOR...y/'\\\ administer all animal-related functions. Requires bachelor's degree in biological science or related field and three year's experience at a supervisory level. Salary $23,500. Send resume to: Personnel Committee, Pueblo Zoological Society, P.O. Box 1245, Pueblo, CO 81002. ANIMAL KEEPER/ELEPHANTS...xiTefeT experience in care and handling of elephants. Degree in biological sciences desirable. Salary $10.29 to $11. 79/hour plus excellent benefits. Send resume by 31 January 1991 to: Personnel Dept., Cleveland Metroparks System, 4101 Fulton Parkway, Cleveland, OH 44144. For questions contact: Ken Pekarek, Mammal Supervisor/Headkeeper at (216) 661-6500. ZOOKEEPER I ...salary $13, 416/year plus excellent benefits. High school diploma or G.E.D. plus two (2) year's full-time experience in the area of bird and animal husbandry; or any equivalent combination of training and experience. Closing date 5 February 1991. Call for application: Bramble Park Zoo, P.O. Box 910, Watertown, SD 57201 (605) 886-2719. The following three (3) positions are open at the Fort Worth Zoo, Fort Worth, TX. Resumes should be sent to: Diane Roberts, Personnel Dept., City of Ft. Worth, Lower Level, 1000 Throckmorton, Ft. Worth, TX 76102. Please note individual deadline dates with each positioiL MAMMAL KEEPERS.. Aae to a major expansion, the Ft. Worth Zoo has several Zoo Attendant I positions available in various mammal care units. No experience is necessary, but preference will be given to those applicants with a high school education who can demonstrate basic knowledge of animal care functions. Salary $14,064 - $18,984 plus excellent benefits. Deadline for application is 25 January 1991. ZOO ATTENDANT niPRIMATES.^Ahis position minimally requires a high school education and one year's salaried experience in the care and handling of primates with emphasis on great apes. Three positions are available in a new multi-million dollar primate facility scheduled to open in Spring 1991. Salary $16,704 - $22,548 plus excellent benefits. Deadline for application is 25 January 1991. ZOO ATTENDANT II/HERPETARIUM. ..reamres knowledge and experience in herpetological husbandry and captive reproduction, including venomous snakes and amphibians. Starting salary $16,704 with excellent benefits. Deadline for application is 28 January 1991. ELEPHANT SUPERINTENDENT. .Ahe Bowmanville Zoological Park Ltd. is seeking applications from candidates to manage and operate the “Elephant Conservation Centre”. Duties will involve the daily husbandry of African and Asian elephants. The presentation of elephant demonstrations and conducting elephant rides are additional duties of this position. The successful applicant will be involved in the ongoing reproductive and nutritional studies of this elephant herd. The salary for this position is dependent upon experience and qualifications. Please submit resume and references to: Michael Hackenberger, Director, Bowmanville Zoo, 340 King St., E., Bowmanville, Ontario, LlC 3K5, Canada. 27 INDEX 1990 (c) indicates a correction (?) indicates intonation please (K) indicates a keeper alert (P) indicates a photograph SUBJECT PAGE AARDVARK OrvcteroDus afer. birth 256 AAZK Administrative Offices 82 800 phone numbers (U.S. & Canada) 217,253,328, 354,417 Animal Data Transfer forms 41,118,217, 285-6,327,390 Board elections 149 President's message 3,42,119,150, 188,219,326-8 By-Laws revision 258-61 Chapters How to Build your Association 13 steps 428 fundraisers (pages may have multiple 13,16,17,18, listings) 42,59,70,71, 98,99,100,130, 131,132,137, 178,179,187, 202,203,204, 205,206,218, 240,241,248, 269,270,271, 286,294,295, 296,334,368, 369,410,411, 412,413 IRS - EIN correspondence 370,397 logo registry update 117 News 16-8,70-1,98- 100,130-2,178- 9,203-6,239- 41,269-71,294- 6,333-4,368- 70,389,410-3 nine ways to kill an association 148 Products 327 recharter packets 397-8 Committees annual report deadline 253 AAZR/AAZPA/IZE liason 327 Animal Data Transfer Form 84 Animal Keeper Survey 13 Approach to ZooKeeping 327 Awards 83,327 Book Review, chairman position 365 Bylaws review 83,327 chairman position 365 Chapter Network see LINK Chapter & Regional Affairs (CRAC) see LINK Conference book 327 Comittees (cont.) Conservation, Preservation, Restoration 82,118,119,327 Diet notebook 41,82,149,186- 7,327,389-90 coordinator 389-90 Foreign Keeper Sponsorship Program 18,118,186, 295 Computers to Guatamalan Zoo 2 Donations for tuition 2 History 84,327 International Affairs 83,118,186,327 Keeper Accomodations List (KAL) 83,327 Keeper Training and Education 83,327 Keeper Training Videotape Project 84,117-8 Legislative Advisor 84,327 LINK (formerly CRAC & Chapter Network) 13,27,72,82, 111,145,181, 219,288,327, 338-45,356,425 coordinator 262,425 Nominations and Elections 83,327 Public Education 327 solicited answers 257 Public Relations 327 Research/Grants 77,84,185,327 Video Tape Project 106,117-8,327 chairman position 365 Zoo Infant Development Project Data (c)2,41,82, 254,327 Zoo/University List Project 84,327 Exhibit Design Form 84,327 Keeper Survey Update 321 Manual of Resources 83,327 Members, new contributing/professional/ 3,46,116,119, institutional 150,194,222, 284,302,322, 355,395 renewing contributing 3,46,116,119, 150,194,222, 284,302,322, 355,395 Membership Directory 83,219,327,353 Memberhip Dues, overseas 353 Staff Exchange 219,327 State of the Association, 1990 ACCESSORIES 82-84 AAZK auto decal & stickers 206,238,271, 334,370 AAZK book sale 371 AAZK bumper stickers 206,233,271, 334,370 AAZK cold holder 271 AAZK magnetic Keeper Safety sign 206,271,334, 370 AAZK mugs 206,271,334, 370 AAZK sweatshirt 271 AAZK t-shirt 206,271,334, 370 28 ACCESSORIES (cont.) BAT (cont.) bowling for rhinos patches 100 bia brown Eotesicus fuscus 19-23, (P)20, Chapter notecards 294 (P)22, 160-1 Chapter patches 294 (Brazilian) Mexican free-tailed 160-1 "don't feed aniials" pin 204 Tadarida brasiliensis 160-1 elephant workshop 1989 T-shirt 118 fruit mesh shopping bags 333 Egyptian (rousette) Ngare Sergoi Rhino Pins 76,78,137 Rousettus aeaypticus, birth 91,228 Rhino support group T-shirts 131 Indian Pteroous aiaantacus, birth 8,124 Zookeeper patch 204 Mexican Artibeus iamaicensis, birth 91 ACOUCHI Mycoprocta pratti, birth 290 Rodriaues Pteroous rodricensis. acqu. 226 ADDAX Addax nasomaculatus 362 birth 231,324 birth 155,291 Ruwenzori lona-haired Rousettus lanosus AFRICAN ELEPHANT CONSERVATION FUND 305-7 birth 193 ALLIGATOR, American (P)359,368 hoarv Lasiurus cinereus 160-1 Alliaator niississippiensis. hat. 359 ^ red Lasiurus borealis 160-1 AMIHI 256 rehabilitation of 160-1,220 AMAZON see under PARROT straw-colored Eidolon helvum. birth 193 ANIMAL DATA TRANSFER FORMS see under AAZK vamoire Desmodus rotundus, birth 91,193,290 ANIMAL KEEPER FORUM 82,327 BEAR 1 Associate Editor 186 black, American Ursus americanus 87,(7)252,412 Letters to the Editor 43,188,220 brown 372 ANTEATER. aiant Myrmecophaaa tridactYla,acq.256 Dolar Urus maritimus 86,365 ANTELOPE, blackbuck Antilope cervicapra 243 birth 10,86,154,193 birth 291 sloth Melursus ursinus, acquisition 90 roan Hippotraaus equinus, birth 394 birth 89 sable Hippotraaus nicer, birth 6,8,90,91,155, spectacled Tremarctos ornatus 86 228,391 birth 86-7,289 AOUDAD see under SHEEP sun, Malayan Helarctos malavanus (7)286,(7)286 APE, black see under MACAQUE BEAVER, American Castor canadensis, birth 393 ARACARI, black-necked 319 BEE-EATER 364 ARMADILLO 335 BELIZE ZOO 98,130 La Plata three-banded Tolvoeutes matacus BIG 5 SAFARI AD 149 birth 8 BINTURONG Arctictis binturona 131 mouse 335 birth 91,154 ART EfflIBIT - John A, Siegel 322 BIRD-OF-PARADISE ARTHROPOD 70 lesser Paradisaea minor, hatchino 225 AUSTRALASIAN red Paradisaea rubra, hatchino 225,324 New Species Tree Kangaroo Discovery 50-52 BIRTHS AND HATCHINGS 6-11,86-93, AWARDS AND GRANTS 121-4,153-6, AAZK awards 2,44,81,120, 190-3,224-32, 362-5 256-7,289-92, AAZK Honorary Life Membership 353 324-5,357-60, AAZK research grants 185,254 391-5 AAZPA awards 360 BISON, American B. bison, birth 290,360,394 Edward H. Bean 360 BLACKBUCK Antilope cervicapra 291 Jean C. Hroiadka 362 birth 291 National Wildlife Rehabilitators grant 185 BLESBOK Damaliscus dorcas ohilliosi, birth 121,393 Nixon Griffis Fund grants 53,282 BLUEBIRD 412 Theodore Roosevelt Conservation Award 353 fairy Irena puella, hatching 393 World Wildlife Fund Conservation 222,254 BOOK REVIEWS BABIRUSA Babvrousa babvrussa. birth 89,324 Colors in the Wild 372 BABOON, Guinea Paoio cvnoceohalus oaoio.bir 231 Don't Shoot the Doo: The New Art of mandrill Papio sphinx 277 Teachino and Trainina 409-10 birth 231,394 Ecoloav and Evolution of Darwin's Finches 268 BARBET, toucan Semnornis rhamphastinus. hat. 393 Encvclooedia of Animal Behavior 136-7 BAT 132,239,335, Encvclooedia of Animal Bioloay 212 336,400 Gorilla, Struoole for Survival in Virunoas 69 29 BOOK REVIEWS (cont.) Handbook of Canadian Mamals i: Marsupials CHESAPEAKE BAY FOUNDATION 70 and Insectivores 236 CHEVROTAIN.laraer Malayan Traaulus iavanicus 1988 International Zoo Yearbook, Vol. 28 319 birth 324 Mamialian Dispersal Patterns: The Effects CHIMPANZEE Pan troalodvtes 29,175-6,278, of Social Structure on Pooulation GeneticslOS 279,280,281, Mamalian SeiiochemistrY 301-2 282,304 Ourselves and Other Animals 15-6 birth 9,29,90,154, Owls of the Northern Hemisohere 162 191,291,391 Vanishing Animals 335 family behavior in captivity 330-2 "BOWLING FOR RHINOS" see also under AAZK 118,119,187 pygmy 175-6,269,304 Chapter fundraising release project 203 BROOKFIELD ZOO CHINCILLA Chincilla laniaer, birth 394 African Adventure comes to America 127-8,253 CISSA, green hunting, hatching .90 Conservation: Can We Fit It in Our Show? 156-8 CIVET Viverricula indica, birth 192 Educational Tidbits 52 COCKATOO You Too Can Breed Dwarf Lemurs 196-8 (citron) Samba lesser-sulphur crested BUFFALO, dwarf forest Syncerus caffer nanus Cacatua sulohurea citrinocristata, hat. 122,154 birth 90 oalffl Proboscioer aterrimus, hatchina 358 BUFFLEHEAD Bucephala albeola, hatchino 357 COLOBUS BUSTARD, Kori 227 black and white Colobus auereza 336,364,400 CAGE VISITATION IN A ZOO 374-83 birth 8,90 CAIMAN, dwarf Paleosuchus palpebrosus. hat. 228.324 Kikuvu Colobus auereza kik'jvuensis, birth 6.93,393 broad nosed Caiman latirostris, hat. 324-5 COLUMBUS ZOO: Black Rhino Nutrition 401-6 spectacled Caiman sclerops 389,415 Patagonian Cavy Survey Results 208-11 CAMEL Recycling Project 248 Bactrian Caielus bactrianus 226 CONDOR 141,(c)174 birth 10,124,231,289 California GvinoavDS californianus 270,335 dromedary (Indian! Camelus dromedarius (?)184 hatching 191 birth 192,391 CONFERENCES/SYMPOSIUMS/WORKSHOPS CAPYBARA Hvdrochaeris hvdrochaeris (?)152 AAZK 1990 National Conference, 16th annual 42,48,94,255, acquired 256 285,287,303, birth 122 323,326-8,336, CARACAL Felis caracal damarensis 292,(P)292 366,389 birth 91 final thoughts 3% CARDINAL. Northern C. cardinalis, hatchina 394 AAZK 1991 389 CASSOWARY, double-wattled C. casurarius,hat.393 AAZK 1992 389 CAT AAZK 1993 389 jungle Mis chaus, birth 192 AAZPA 1990 annual 80,126,189, leopard Felis benaalensis, birth 192 221,255,287 Amur Felis benaalensis euotilura, birth 122 regional 1-2,4,45,79, toddy Paradoxurus heriaohroditas. birth 192 126,355,395 CATTLE AZH 10th annual 221,255,287 gaur Bos oaurus 191 Behavioral Research to Animal Management 78,118,354 birth 228,394 Biodiversity & Landscapes 221,255,287, Gloucester 200 323 highland 66,108 Deer, Biology-2nd Internat. Sp. 46,80,126,151 Kerry 199,200 Elephant Management Workshop, 11th Int. 130 White park 200 call for papers 217 zebu Bos indicus, birth 290 Gorilla Workshop 4,46,80,126, oyaiv Bos oriiiaenius. birth 394 151,189 cm. Pataaonian (Mara! Dolichotis oataaona Herpetological Sp. Captive Prop. , 14th 151,189 birth 91,121 Herpetologists League/Soc. for Study of Survey Results 208-11 Amphibians and Reptiles 151,189,221 rock Kerodon ruoestris. birth 394 Herpetology of N. Am. Desert 45 CHEETAH Acinonvx iubatus 8,(P)155,336, Macaque, Lion-Tailed - 3rd International 46,79,126,151 400 Marine Animal Trainers Assoc. Int., 18th 189,221,255, acquisition 90 287,323 birth 88-9,93,289 National Wildlife Rehabilitators 4,45,79 30 C0KFERENCES/3YMP0SIUHS/W0RKSH0PS (cont. ) DOVE (cont.) Neonatal Syiposium, non-domestic superb fruit Ptilinoous suoerbus. hat. 256 Titles and Abstracts 264-6 Teiminck's fruit Pti I inopus Dorphvrea, hat. 156 Reptiles 4 Amphibians, Captive Propagation DREHER PARK ZOO: Pigeons faster than FAX 390 & Husbandry - 5th 321,355,395 DRILL 410 Veterinary Technicians, 10th 323 DUCK Wildlife Conservation in Met. Environments ; 152,189,323 comb Sarkidiornis melanotos, hatching 357 Wolf, Arizona 45,79 eider 67 Zooculturists, International 151 Northern Somateria mollissima borealis CONSERVATION 2000 59,76 hatching 393 COUGAR Mis concolor, birth 393 ointail, Bahama Anas bahamensis, hat. 121 CRAB 409 ruddv Oxvura iaiaicensis. hatchino 156 giant spider 417 tree, Javan, hat. 8 CPiNE 333 wood Mx sponsa 415 demoiselle Anthropoides virao, hatching 228,393 hatheing 394 E. African crowned Balearica ruaelorum 227 DUIKER hatching 156,394 black Cenhalophus nicer, birth 89,391 hooded Grus monacha, hatchino 324 red-flanked 89 sandhill, Florida subspecies, hatching 228 yellow-backed Cenhalophus svlvicultor.bir.92 Sarus Grus antiaone, hatchino 192 zebra Cenhalopus zebra, birth 89,391 Stanley foaradisel Anthropoides paradisea EAGLE hatching 156,392 bald Haliaeetus leucocephalus 17,143 CURASSOW hatching 9,122 crestless razorbill, hatching 392 Bateleur Terathopius ecaudatus, acquired 357 greater, hatching 392 hatching 155 helieted Crax pauxi , hatching 90 fish, hatching 89 nocturnal Nothocrax urumutum, hat. 90,290 golden Aquila chrvsaetos 9,108 red wattled Crax olobulosa. hatching 391 hatching 10 CURLEW 108 American Aquila chrysaetos canadensis (P)232 DEER 107,365 hatching 231,359 Axis Cervhis axis, birth 290,394 release 232 Chinese water Hydropotes inerais 265-6,266 sea 108 fallow On birth 10,291 EARTHWATCH no Pere David's Elaohus davidianus. birth 393 ECHIDNA, short-nosed (common) red Cervus elaphus 66,108 Tachyqlossus aculeatus, birth 391 birth 291 ECOSYSTEM SURVIVAL PLAN (ESP) sika, Formosan Cervus nioDon taiwanus.bir.121.291 see also AAZK Chapter fundraisers 118,367 (Thamin) Eld's Cervus eldi, birth 192 EDUCATIONAL whitetail Odocoileus virainianus, birth 291 Fish & Wildlife Reference Service 202 DEGD Octodon deem, birth 289,394 International Training Center: Wildlife DIK DIK, Kirk's Madoaua kirki. birth 90 Preservation Trust 96 DOG tidbits 52 (Indian) Asiatic wild Cuon aipinus 308-17 EGRET, cattle Ardeola ibis 321 sinoino Canis faiilaris halstroii. birth 6,391 ELAND, common Taurotraous oryx 41,291 DOLPHIN 142,156, (P)157 qiant Taurotraous derbianus. birth 391 Atlantic 141 ELEPHANT 1,53,56,360, Chinese river Liootes vexillifer 25 405,409,410 Commerson's 416 African Loxodonta africana 243,305 Conservation Show 156-8 Asian Elenhas m. laximus (P)244 DOIEY, Poitu ass 200 acquisition 191 Sicilian Equus asinus, birth 291 birth 8,270 DORMOUSE, hazel 319 Chronic Toenail Cracks 243-7 DOUROUCOULI Aptes, birth 324 ivory and elephant parts trade 24-5,142-3 grey-legged Aotus trivinoatus oriseimembra nutrition 167,179 birth 394 Solitary Confinement 348-51 DOVE see also PIGEON ELK, Am. Cervus elaphus canadensis, birth 10,360 black-naped fruit Ptilinoous melanosnila EMU Dromaius novaehollandiae 289 hatching 290 hatching 122,124,228, ring necked 324 291 31 ENGLi\ND monkey sanctuary GALAGO, lesser Galago senegalensis . birth 394 ERMINE 360 GANNET 108 FEEDERS, cricket 103 GAUR see under CATTLE FELINE (?U94 GAZELLE FERRET, black footed 282,336,400 Addra Gazella damma ruficollis, birth 9 FINCH 333 dama Gazella dama, birth 6,9C,39i cat throat Anadina fasciata, hat. 121 Dorcas Gazella dorcus, birth 91,290 FISH Indian G. gazella, birth 192 Arapaina 415 Persian, birth 392 bonv tongue 415 Speke's Gazella spekel, birth 89,155 cichiid Thompson's 227 Astatotilapia brownae. hat. 92 GEMSBCK Oryx gazella (?)152,291 red empress Aulonacara similis. hat. 193 birth 394 parrotfish 372 GEREIM Litocranius walleri, birth 90,155 pirahna, red-bellied, hatching 7 GIBBON 333 pupfish, desert Cvprinodon i!iacularius,hat.92 siamang Hylobates sydactylus. birth 154,333 shark 104 white-handed (Lar) Hylobates lar (?)152,277,319 epaulette (P)230 birth 121,121,192, hatchina 229 291 whale Rhincodon tvpus 417 GIRAFFEE Giraffa Camelopardalis (?)4,(P)177 skate, clearnose Raka ealanteria. acq. 228 acquisition 192 spadefish, Atlantic 360 baringo G. c. rothsc.hildi , birth 225 stinqrav 417 Masai G. c. tippelskircbi, birth 154 dwarf freshwater reticulated G. c. reticulata f?)7,(?)124, Potamotrygon maqdalenae. hat. 121 acquisition 291 Triclorfom, Mebendazole, & Praziquantel 192 on Honogena infesting aquarium fish 53 birth 6,90,124,227, trout 415 291,393,394 tuberculosis (?)383 GLADYS PORTER ZOO: Double Dilemma 101-3 tuna 417 GLIDER, SUGAR Petaurus breviceps, birth 290 yellow-fin 142 GOAT 66,108,109 FISH AND WILDLIFE REFERENCE SERVICE 202 Bagot 200 FISHER 364 golden 200 FLAMINGO 1 Guernsey 200 acquisition 226 pygmy Capra hircus. birth 394 Caribbean Phoenicopterus ruber, hatching 3 GOOSE Chilean Phoenicopterus chilensis 336,400 African pygmy Nettaous auritus, hatching 225 hatching 324 Canada, Aleutian Branta canadensis, hat. 156 greater (African) Phoenicopterus rpseus, hat. 121,228 Cape Barren Cereopsis novaehollandiae.hat.124 FLORA Egyptian Alopochen aegvptiacus. hat. 7 mayapple 372 greylag 108 Queen Anne's lace 372 lesser magellan Chloephaaa p. picta. hat. 9 seed exchange leedival vegetables 200 magpie Anseranas semipalmata (?;i34 FOX. fennec Fenecus zerda, birth 91,290 maned Cheononetta iubata, hatching 10 swift Vulpes velox 54-8, (P)55, Nene Branta sa.ndvicensis , hatching 10,124,290 (P)56,(P)58 SDur-winaed Plectopetrus oambensis, hat. 154 red (K)303 GORILLA 1,278,368,413 FROG 153 mountain G. gorilla berinoei 69 Goliath Conraua goliath, acquisition 193 Western lowland G. g. gorilla 53,60-l,(P;61, ornate horned Ceratophrvs ornata 240 fP)230,360, poison dart (arrow) acquisition 363,364 black & green Dendrobates auratus. hat. 395 193 dying Dendrobates tinctorius, hat. 91,395 birth 9,92,229,394 PeltODhrvne lemur 336,400 GROUSE, red 108 tree, PuertoRican Eleutherodactylus coaui hatching 395 GUENON De Brazza Cercopithecus neaiectus (?)257 FUNDRAISERS: see also under AAZK Chapters Diana Cercopithecus diana 277 Long distance cycle ride 59 spot-nosed Cercopithecus ascanius schmidti 374 32 GULL 67 herring 107 GUILLEMOT 67,108 HAMSTER 317 HARE, brown 319 HARTEBEEST, Cape Alcelaphus buselaphus. bir.91 HAWK, Harris' (Bay-winged) Parabuteo unicinctus 217 HERON, boatbill 336,400 HIPPOPOTAMUS 405 Nile HioDODotamus aiohibius 90,256 birth 155 pycniiY Choeropsis liberiensis 368 birth 153,155 HOOFSTOCK, mixed exhibit (?)80 HORNBILL Abyssinian ground 319 black & white casqued 364 oreat Indian Buceros bicornis, hatchino 289 rhinoceros Buceros rhinoceros, hatchino 8 wrinkled Rhyticeros corruoatus, hat. 8 HORSE (PONY) 66,108,405 Clydesdale 200 Exmoor 199,200 Mongolian (Przewalski's) wild Equus przewalski, birth 324,393 Shire 199,200 Suffolk Punch 199,200 HUMANE SOCIETY OF THE U.S.: Viewpoint 168-9 HUMMINGBIRD 241,365 bee 241 HUMOR A Keeper's Nightmare 318 New Exhibit at Brookfield Zoo 127-8,253 HUTIA, Cuban 336,400 HYENA. SDotted C. crocuta. birth 394 IBIS, Hadada Haoedashia haaedash. hatchino 357 hermit Geronticus eremita. hatchino 256 scarlet Eudocimus ruber, hatchino 357 WaldraoD Geronticus eremita. hatching m "I CAN" SIGNALS 351 ILLUSTRATIONS AND COVER ART Caiman, spectacled December Chimpanzee 332 Dolphin 158 Eagle 10,143 Egret, cattle October Eland, common February Elephant 25,246,247,348 Hawk, Harris' July Hromadka, Jean with elephant June Lemur, ring-tailed August Lizard, leopard gecko January Meerkat 300 Okapi September Oryx, scimitar-horned 53 Panda, giant Hay Rhinocerus 12,406 Seriema, crested April ILLUSTRATIONS & COVER ART (cont.) Swan, truipeter February Tiger, Siberian November Warthog March IHPALA 368 INDIA ZOOS Aringar Anna Zoological Park: Behavioural Patterin In Indian Wild Dog in Captivity 308-17 Brooding Behavior of Grey (Spot-Billed) Pelican 163-6 Madras: Behavior of Chimpanzee Family 330-2 INFORMATION PLEASE animal names 253 animal attacks on humans 130 Bear, black - in show setting 252 Bear, sun 286,286 Boa, Amazon tree - color ratios 124 Camel, dromedary management 184 Capybara, chronic stool problems 152 carnivores, inventory 132 Clonophis kirtlandi 252 Eagle 10 feline papillae on tongue changes 194 environmental k behavioral enrichment 124 Gecko, day 80 Gecko, Madagascar day 80 Gemsbok 152 Gibbon, white-handed 152 Giraffee - birth control & immobilizing 4 Giraffee, reticulated birth wgt & hgt 124 Goose, magpie breeding 184 hoof stock, mixed exhibit 80 Langur (esp. dusky leaf) 76 Lemur, ruffed, rapid repeat pregnancies 252 Lizard, Chinese crocodile - studbook 328 Macaw, hyacinthine, breeding & husbandry 132 Monkey, black howler 152 Monkey, De Brazza diets 257 Monkey, spider, hand-rearing 252 Musk ox, indoor enclosures 4 Opossum, Virginia - protozoan infection 124 Penguin, black-footed hand raising 194 Rhinoseros 76 safety/rescue equipment for dry moats 413 Serval, African 152 Skink, Solomon Island giant 80 Sloth, Hoffmann's two-toed 80 snakes - mites 184 St. Maarten educational programs 413 Tamarin, crypttococcosis infection 184 tuberculosis - fish or marine 383 turtles, head-starting 132 video tape copying source 383 voluntary work - FLSA 152 Zoos - effects of World War I S II 194 INSECT butterfly 335 cricket feeder 103 33 INSECT (cont.) LEOPARD (cont.) uealwora Ter.ebrio rolitor 298-300 clouded Neofelis nebulosa (P)292 moth, hawk 372 acquisition 90 ISEC 71 birth 291-2,394 ISLE RO'/ALE Wolf-Moose Studies 71 snow Panthera uncia 410,(P)410 JAGUAR Panthera onca 90,364 birth 228,324,394 JAGUARUNDI Fells yaaouaroundi, birth 91 LION 132 JAPANESE ZOO: A New Trend of Aquariui-World 415-7 African Panthera leo 8 KANGAROO birth 10,325 qrey Hacropus fuliainosus 291 Asiatic Panthera leo, acouisition 192 Western M. f. melanops , birth 121,231 LITTLE ROCK ZOO: Rehabilitation of Bats 160-1 red Meaaieciaf=MacroDU3l rufus. aou. 192 LIVING HISTORY ON THE ENDANGERED LIST 199-200 birth 6,121,154,289 LIZARD tree 239,362 Chameleon 360 new species 50-52 Chinese crocodile Shinisaurus crocodilurus (?i328 KEEPER ALERT chuckwalla Sauromalus o. obesus. hatchina 9 animal names 253 dragon auction donations 294 Asian water Physianathus cocincinus, hat. 231 fox, red - excess 303 Inland bearded Amphibolurus vitticeps list of homes for unwanted animals wanted 284 hatching 8 pelicans, brown, non-releasable excess 284 gecko KENYA DIARY 170-2 day (?)80 KESTREL, American, hatching 325 Madagascar release program 325 Phelsusa madaaascariensis arandis (?)80 KINGFISHER. Hicronesian Halcyon cinnamomina leopard Eubeloharis macularius 1 hatchina 156,256 hatching 156,231,394 KITTIWAKE 67 Namib Chondrodactylus anaulifer 319 KOALA Phascolarctos cinereus, aca. 8,285 New Calidonian Rhacodactylus chahoua KOOKABURRA, Australian Dacelo novaecfuineae hatching 91 hatching 289 Tokay Gekko gecko, hatching 121 KlfDU. oreater Traoelaohus streosiceros. bir.121 vellow headed Gonatodes albooularis.hat.91 lesser Traoelaphus iiberbis, birth 154,393 iguana LANGUR (?)76 desert Dipsosaurus d. dorsalis, hat. 394 Douc 319,335 green Iguana iguana 415 dusky leaf (spectacled) (?)76 hatching ■ 9,359 Presbytis obscura, birth 91,290 Fiiian crested Brachylophus vitiensis 319 silvered leaf Presbytis cristatus ultimus rhinoceros (Tfclura cornuta, hatching 391 birth 393 monitor Varanus sdd. 319 LECHWE. Nile Kobus meoaceros, birth 91,124 sailfin, Phillippine LEGISLATIVE OUTLOOK 24-5,141-3, Hvdrosaurus custulosus, hat. 156 174-6,304-5, skink 384-5 Solomon Is. prehensile-tailed (?)80 LEHllR 277 Corucia zebrata, birth 91,256 black Lemur macaco 368 LLAMA Laia 9- 3iMa, birth 10,10,121,121, birth 289 291,394 brown, acquisition 192 LOON 108 birth 192 LORIKEET, Goldie's Trichoalossus ooldiei,hat.290 fat-tailed dwarf Cheiroaaleus medius 196-8 LORIS, slow Nycticebus coucana. birth 324 mouse Microcebus murinus, birth 91 lesser Nvcticebus ovoiaeus, bir. 93,290 ring-tailed Lemur catta 253,301,374 LYNX, Siberian 56,132 birth 123,153,154, MACAQUE 280,282 228,358 Barbary Macaca svlvanus, birth 122 ruffed Lemur varieaatus (?)252 black ape Macaca niara tonkeana, birth 231,394 birth 193,228 bonnet Macaca radiata 276 white-fronted Lemur fulvus albifrons 8 crab-eating Macaca fascicularis 280 LEOPAJID Japanese Macaca fuscata 16,282 Amur Panthera pardus orientalis, birth 393 birth 394 black Panthera oardis, birth 91 34 MACAQUE (cont.) MONKEY (cont.) lion-tailed Hacaca silensus (P)11,62-5,(P) natas Cercooithecus oatas, birth 229 63,(P)65,70, proboscis Nasalis larvatus, birth 225 (P)230,296 rhesus see under MACAQUE birth 11,90,121,229 saki. pale-headed P. pithecia. birth 393 pigtail Macaca neiistrina (P)88 silvered leaf see under LANGUR birth 87-8 spider Ateles oeoffrovi (7)252,277 rhesus Macaca lulatta 274,275,277, birth 231,290,291, 280,281 358 MACAW 333 black Ateles paniscus, birth 90,228 blue and gold ^fa ararauna, hatching 394 spot-nosed see under GUENON greenwing kdi chloroptera. hatchino 154,394 squirrel 415 hyacinthine Anodorhynchus hvacinthinus (?)132 talapoin Cercopithecus talanoin, birth 8 hatching 8,90,122 titi, Bolivian gray military Ara lilitaris , hatching 154 Callicebus moloch donacoohilus, birth 91,290 scarlet to macao, hatching 154 uakari 372 MANGABEY MOOSE 71 black crested Cercocebus aterriius. birth 122 MOUSE, Anastasia Island beach 25 (golden-bellied) agile Southeastern beach 25 Cercocebus oaleritus chrvsooaster 374 MUNTJAC, Reeve's Muntiacus reevesi, birth 6,122,291,291 red capped (sooty) MUSK OX Ovibus moschatus. birth (7)4,296 Cercocebus t. torquatus, birth 91 birth 393 red-crowned (P)190 MUSSEL, speckled pocketbook birth 190 Lampsilis streckeri 25 HAHKHOPv Capra falconeri, hatchino 394 MYNAH, Bali 70 MARMOSET see also TAMARIN 277,280 NATIONAL AQUARIUM/NATIONE ZOO: Racetrack black-tailed 103 Trash Becomes Rainforest Bash 241 comon Callithrix iacchus 279,281 NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK: Cricket feeder 103 birth 122 NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 200: Geoffrey's (white fronted) 103 St. Maarten Zoological & Botanical Gard. 217-8 Callithrix iacchus oeoffrovi, aca. 191 NEWT, emperor (alligator) (orange-stripped) birth 93,122,256,324 Tylototriton verrucosus, hat. 121 Goeldi's Calliiiico ooeldii . birth 154,231 NEW YORK ZOOL. SOCIETY: Pachyderm Nutrition 167 Kuhl's black-eared Callithrix kuhli 191 NGAE SERGOI 12,133-4,170- acquisition 191 3,286,336,400 pyomy Cebuelia Dvouaea 103 NILGAI, Indian Boselaphus traaocamelus 264,265 birth 8,91,93,225, birth 291 289 NUTHATCH, white-breasted Sitta carolinensis HEERKAT hatching 394 raealwori! dispenser 298-300 NYALA Traoelaohus anaasi, birth 91,393 slender-tailed S. suricata 319 OBITUARYS ' birth 122 Havemeyer, Virginia 354 MERGANZER, redbreasted 108 Hromadka, Jean 42,43 HESIA. silver-eared Leiothrix aroentauris Memorial fund 188 hatching 90,256 Nix, Cheryl 369 MILWAUKEE COUNTY ZOO: Good-bye to Tanga 60-1 Scrivener, Victoria 176-7 MOLE-RAT. naked Heterceohalus alaber, bir. 93,231,256,324 Siegel, John A. 322 MONAL, Himalayan see under Himalayan PHEASANT OKAPI Okapi iohnstoni 285,369 MONGOOSE, dwarf 103 OPOSSUM, Virginia (7)124 MONEY ORANGUTAN Ponoo Dvomaeus 101-3, (P)lOl, capuchin, (brown) Ceto aoella 282,333 (P)102,191, birth 10 277,281 De Brazza see under GUENON Sumatran Ponao pyomaeus abelli, birth 8,(c)86 Diana see under GUENON ORYX Goeldi's see under MARMOSET Arabian Orxy leucoryx, birth 6,9,227,289 howler, black Alouatta caraya 53,(7)152,336, Beisa Oryx aazella beisa. birth 91,391-2 birth 400 Sciiitar-horned O^x dammah. birth 6,121,291,393 226 OSTRICH Struthio camelus 291 leaf eaters 277 35 OTTER 66 oriental small-clawed Aonyx cinerea. bir. 225 river 415 sea 415 Northern 360 spotted-necked Lutra maculicollis 153 birth 231 OE, barn 17 burrowing Speotyto cunicularia. hat. 360 snowy Nyctea scandiaca, hatching 360 PACA 319 PACARANA Dinomys branickii, birth 8 PANDA, giant Ailuropoda melanoleuca 149,335 red Ailurus fulaens, birth 393 PANGOLIN, African Ifenis pholidota. acqu. 191 PARROT 333 African grey, hatching 122 Amazon orange-winged Amazona a. amazonica. hat. 10 red lored Amazona a. autumnalis, hat. 122 blue-crowned hanging Loriculus oalaulus. hatching 256 grand eclectus Eclectus roratus 90 aquisition 90 PECCARY, collared Tavassus taiacu. birth 394 PELICAN brown Pelecanus occidentalis 166,(K)284 grey (spot-billed) Pelecanus philippensis 163-6, (P)164 hybrid P. crispus x P. rufescens 166 PENGUIN Black-footed (jackass) Spheniscus demersus (?)194, 336,400 hatching 10,227-8,393 gentoo 416 Humboldt Spensicus humboldti 336,400 hatching 231 king Aptenodytes pataaonicus (P)358,416 hatching 290,357 macaroni Eudyptes chrysolophus. hatching 154 rockhopper Eudyptes crestatus 416 hatching 121 speniscid 1 PHEASANT 333 argus, Malay great Arousianus a. arous. acq.324 blood Ithaainis cruentus, hatching 225 blue-eared Crossoptilon aurtium. hatching 10 brown-eared Crossoptilon mantchurcium.hat.lO cheer Catreus wallichi. hatching 10 Himalayan impeyan Lophophorus imoeyanus hatching 10,393 peacock Malay Polvolectron |. malacense. hat. 225,324 Rothchiid's Polyplectron inopinatum. acq.324 PHILADELPHIA ZOO. SOCIETY: Reflections on Rhum part I 66-8 Reflections on Rhui part 2 107-10 PHOENIX ZOO: Successful Treatment of Chronic Toenail Cracks in an Asian Elephant 243-7 PHOTOGRAPHS Alligator, American 359 PHOTOGRAPHS (cont.) Bat, big brown 20,22 Caracal 292 Cheetah 155 Dolphin 157 Eagle, American golden 232 Elephant, Asian 244 Fox, swift 55,56,58 Giraffee 111 reticulated 1 ' Gorilla, Estern lowland 61,230 Leopard, clouded 292 Macaque, lion-tailed 11,63,65,230 Macaque, pigtail 88 Mangabey, red-crowned 190 Orangutan 101,102 Pelican, grey (spot-billed) 164 Penguin, king 358 Rhinoceros, white 153 Shark, epaulette 230 Sloth, Hoffman's 192 Tamar in, golden-headed lion 226 Tiger, Sumatran 227 Turtle, bog 123 Vulture, cinereous 224 PIG see SWINE PIGEON see also DOVE Mauritius pink Columbaf=Nesoenasl maveri. hatchino 324 nicobar, hatching 392 pheasant Otidiohaos nobilis. hatchino 290 pied imperial Ducula bicolor, hat. 156 racing 390 Victoria crowned Goura victoria, hat. 290 PINNIPED 336,400 PIMTAIN-EATER Ladv Ross' MusoDhaoa rossae, hatchino 91,394 violet HusDhaaa violacea. hatchino 231 PLOVER, golden 108 SDur-winaed Vanellus soinosus. hat. 121 PONY see HORSE PORCUPINE crested Hvstrix africaeaustralis , birth 231 North American Erethizon dorsatm. birth 289 (Mexican) Coendou lexacanis, birth 91 prehensile-tailed Coendou orehensilis. bir. 394 POTOROO Potorous tridactylus, birth 394 PRIMATE 300 Environmental Enrichment 272-82 PRONGHORN Antilocapra americana 9,205 PUBLICATIONS AAZK conference proceedings, 1989 26,41,73,113, 144,180 AAZK conference proceedings, 1990 366,400 AAZK Diet Notebook Haimals, Volume I 28,74,112,214, 249,347,408 AAZK Membership Directory, 1991-2 353 The Amateur Naturalist 371 Animals and Peoole Sharino the World 52 36 PUBLICATIONS fcont.) RAIL, Guam Rallus owstoni, hatchino 256,324 Artie Wolf: Livina with the Pack 234 RAT ' 107 The Audubon Wildlife Report 142 slender "tailed cloud, birth 225 Biological Values for Selected Miials III 82,327 RAVEN 56,319 Biolooy and Manaoeient of Tree Kanaaroos 354 RAZOR BILL 108 The Chiffloanzee Newsletter 29 REID PARK ZOO: Upper Beak Replacement Toucan 418-9 Chinese Water Deer Diet Intonation 265-6 REINDEER, Scandinavian Ranaifer tarandus,bir.394 Citizens Guide to Plastics in Ocean 52 RELEASE PROGRAM Collins Guide Rare Maiiaals of the World 234 Kestrel, American 325 Conservation Now 59 REPRODUCTION Crocodiles and Alliaators 234 carnivores, reproductive hormones (?)132 Custom Made Nipples for Water Deer and Chameleon 360 and Other Small Mammals 265 Cheetah breeding 336,400 Development & Disease of Pre-Ruminant Cranes, artificial insemination 228 Stomach: A Keeper's Perspective 264 Dog, Indian wild - mating 308-17 Diet Study of Hand-Reared Indian Nilgai: Ermine 360 Animal Care Center 265 Felids, effects of progestagen 282 Diet Study of Hand-Reared Indian Nilgai: Ferret, black-footed, endocrinology 282 Infant Isolation Unit 264 Fish -Atlantic spadefish 360 Elephant Memories 371 frog Peltophryne lemur 336 Encyclopedia of Mammals 234 Gecko, Namib - breeding 319 Encvclooedia of Retiles & Amohibians 371 Giraffe, chemical birth control (?)4 Exotic Animals as Pets 130 Goose, magpie breeding (?)184 Experience of Nature 52 Gorilla, lowland 53 50 Thinas You Can do to Save the Earth 371 Iguana, Fijian crested - reproduction 319 Flattened Fauna: Guide to Common Animals Lizard, monitor - reproduction 319 of Roads, Streets and Hiahwavs 234 Macaque, Lion-tailed - artif. insemination 11 Garbaoe: Practical Journal for Environment 232 Macaw, hyacinthine, breeding (?)132 Gorilla Gazette 78 Monkey, Black Howler DNA fingerprinting 53 Koala Symposium 285 Orangutan - DNA fingerprinting 101-3 Life Histories of N. Am. Birds: Birds of Otter, Northern sea 360 Prev (vols. I k III 234 Rhinoceros, Southern white 365 Life Histories of N. Am. Birds: Blackbirds Salamander, Japanese giant - breeding 319 Orioles, Tanaoers k their Allies 371 Snake, checkered garter - art. insem. 319 Monotreme Bioloctv 285 Suni, impact of inbreeding 282 Natural Historv of Whales & Dolohins 371 Tiger, In Vitro fertilization 229,282 Official World Wildlife Fund Guide to the Tortoise, Galapagos - breeding 319 Endanoered Soecies of North America 234 RETIREMENTS Parrot Incubation Procedures 234 Melvin, Dennis 77 Pathology's Contribution to Neonatal Sweeney, Dick 77 Husbandry & Medicine 266 RHEA, Rhea americanus, hatchino 291 Physiology & Treatment of Hypothermia in RHINOCEROS 70,(7)76,365 Neonates 265 black Diceros bicornis 16,59,132,167 Plants that Poison 371 birth 192 Rhinos: An Endanoered Soecies 234 nutrition 401-6 Save Our Planet 232 Indian 167,239,295, Save the Birds 371 336,400 Where Have All the Birds Gone? 371 nutrition 167,179 World of Robert Bateman 371 Sumatran 90,335,405 Zoo: The Modern Ark 234 white Ceratotherium simui 90,(P)153,167, Zoo keeping as a Career 82,185-6,219, (P)392 322 acquisition 124 Zoonotic Diseases Handbook, 2nd edition 77,82,146,182, birth 153,392 213,250,327, Southern Ceratotherim s. simum 365 352,426 birth 227 OUANACO Lama olama ouanicoe, birth 394 ROLLER, lilac breasted Coracias caudata, hat. 91 QUETZAL SACRAMENTO ZOO: Cage Visitation in a Zoo 374-83 oolden-headed Pharomachrus auriceos, hat. 90 SAIGA Saiga tartarica. acquisition 89 RACCOON 71 Russian Saiga t. tatarica 265 37 SAKI see under MONKEY SALAMANDER, giant 415 Japanese Andrias iaponicus 319 SAN DIEGO ZOO: Lion-Tailed Macaques Hove 62-5 SAN DIEGO ZOO. SOCIETY: Solitary Confineiient Elephant 348-51 SAN FRANCISCO ZOO: ESP Update 367 SCALLOP 409 SCORPION, enperor Pandanus so., hatchino 193 SEAL 66,156,319 grey 67 harbor 415 SEA LION 156,415 California Zalophus californianus, acq. 90 birth 155 Stellar Euietopias iubata 304 SERIEMA, crested! red-leaoedl Cariaia cristatall? SERVAL Fells serval (?)152 birth 91 SHAG 67,108 SHEARWATER 107-10 Manx 66 SHEEP Aoudad Amnotraous lervia, birth 291 biahorn Ovis canadensis, birth 155,393,394 Rockv Mountain Ovis c. canadensis, bir. 10 Cotswold 199,200 Dali's Ovis Mil, birth 231,393 Dorset horn 200 Hebridean 200 Jacob 200 Karakul Ovis aries, birth 394 Lincoln 200 Manx Loughtan 200 niouflon Ovis iisinon, birth 291,394 Norfolk 199 horn 200 North Ronaldsay 200 Shetland 200 Southdown 200 SHELDUCK. conon Tadorna tadorna. hatchino 10 Paradise Tadorna varieoata, hat. 359 SHREW 103 short-eared elephant Macroscelides oroboscideus, birth 8,256 SIFAKA Prooithecus verreauxi, birth 90 Coquerel's 360 oolden crowned Prooithecus tattersalli 90 SITATUNGA Traoelaohus soekei, birth 6 SLOTH. Hoffmann's Choloeous hoffianni (?)80,(P)192 two-toed Choloepus didactvlus 415 birth 291 SNAKE Aokistrodon 71 anaconda 415 boa Brazilian, birth 257 rainbow Eoicrates c. cenchris. birth 8 Columbian Boa c. constrictor, birth 394 SNAKE, boa (cont.) Cuban Eoicrates anoulifer, birth 9 tree 387 Amazon Corallus e. envdris (?)124, 386-7, (P)386,(P)387 Cook's Corallus enydris cooki (?)124,386 emerald Corallus caninus 386 birth 156 Virgin Island 17 . cobra, black forest Naia melanoleuca. hat. 121 copperhead 71 garter checkered Thamnoohis marcianus 319 San Francisco Thainoohis sirtalis tetrataenia 240 king albino, hatching 257 Florida, hatching 257 milksnake, Pueblan Lamprooeltis trianoulum campbelli, hat. 91 Kirtland's Clonoohis kirtlandi (?)252 mamba. East African green Dendroaspis anousticeps 319 mites (?)184 python Anoolan Pvthon anchictae, hatchino 91 ball Python reaius, hatching 156 blood Pvthon curtus, hatching 156 reticulated Pvthon reticulatus, hat. 394 racer Terre-de-bas Alsophis antillensis danforthii. acqu. 193 Terre-de-haut Alsophis antillensis sanctorum, acqu. 193 rat snake Everglades, hatching 257 Gulf hammock, hatching 257 Siberian (Russian) Eiaohe schrencki. hat. 231, 394 rattlesnake Arizona ridge-nosed Crotalus willardi, acquisition 228 Columbian Crotalus durissus cumanensis hatching 394 Klauber's rock Crotalus ieoidus klauberi hatching 394 Uracoan Crotalus veorandis. hatchino 394 snakebite first aid 138-40 venomous snake bite 138-40 viper eyelash (horned pale) Bothrops schleoeli hatching 121,394 Gaboon Bitis oabonica rhinoceros, hat. 8 palm Bothriechis aurifer. hatchino 91 pit 71 Rowlev's Bothriechis rowleyi. hat. 91 SPRINGBOK Antidorcus marsuoialis. aco. 90,291 SPRINGHAAS Pedetes capensis 362 birth 10 38 SQUIRRELL TIGER (cont.) Delniarva fox 70 Sumatran Panthera tiaris sumatrae 1,(F)227,336, Provost's Callosciurus orevosti, birth 91,93 400 STORK 319 birth 226,392 Marabou Leptoptilos crumeniferus 291 TINAMOU. crested Eudronia eleaans, hat. 124 SUNBITTERN Eurypyoa hslias, hatchina 256,290 TOAD, climbing Pedostibes hosii. hatching 91 SUNI Neotraous moschatus 282 golden 372 birth 6 TOLEDO ZOO: Environmental Enrichment: An sm Overview of Theory and Application for black Cyqnus atratus, hatchina 192,232 Captive Non-Human Primates 272-82 black-necked Cyonus melanocoryphus . hat. 289 TOPEKA ZOOLOGICAL PARK: A Keeper's Nightmare 318 trumpeter C. cvanus buccinator 41 TORTOISE hatching 156,289 African spur-thiahed Geochelone sulcata Tundra fwhistlina) Cyqnus c. columbianus hatching 91 hatching 10 desert Gooherus aaassizii 384 SWINE hatching 9 Celtic pig 200 Galaoaoos Geochelone eleohantoous 319 Taisworth pig 199,200 aopher, Gooherus DolvDhemus, hatchina 257,391 TAKIN, Sichuan 336,400 leopard Geochelone nardalis babcocki, hat. 7, 9 TAHARIN see also MARMOSET (?)184 radiated Geochelone radiata 5 cotton-top Saauinus o. oedipus 239,336,400 red foot Geochelone carbonaris, hatchino 91 birth 90,122,155, yellow-footed 239,257 228,231,394 TiOUCAN emperor Saauinus imperator 122 plate-billed mountain Geoffroy's Saauinus oedious aeoffroyi 192 Andiqena laminirostris , hatchina 8 birth 154,394 red-breasted Ramphastos discolorus 418-9, (P)418, golden-headed lion (P)226 (P)419 Leontonithecus chrvsoielas. birth 225 Toco Ramphastos toco, hatchina 391 aolden lion Leotooithecus r. rosalia 205,240 TRAGOPAN birth 191-2,231 satyr Traoopan satyra. hatchina 229 red-bellied Saauinus labiatus thomasi 192 Temminck's Traaonan temmincki, hatchino 10 red-handed Saauinus niidas. birth 6 TRUMPETER, common 319 release 205 TURKEY, oscellated Aariocharis oceilata. acq. 324 saddleback Saauinus fusciollis. birth 228 TURTLE TANAGER amoebiasis treatment 319 diadeied SteohanoDhorus diadeiatus, hat. 256 boa Clemmvs muhlenberaii (P)123 aolden Tanaara arthus. hatchino 231 hatching 122-3,228 TAPIR box. Vietnamese Cistoclemmvs aalbinifrons Baird's Taoirus bairdi 92 hatching 324 Brazilian (South American) 291 head-starting (?)132 Taoirus terrestris. birth 8,92,231 mud 415 Malayan Taoirus indicus. acq. 92,256 red-faced (scorpion) birth 155 Kinosternon scoroioides. hatchina 121 TARANGA PARK ZOO: New Species Tree Kangaroo 50-52 river. Hurray, hatching 229 TAYRA Eira barbara, birth 193 sea 416 TEAL, chestnut Anas castanea. hatchina 289 loooerhead C. caretta. acquisition 91-2 TELEVISION SCHEDULE snake necked. New Guinea Discovery Channel listings 104 Chelodina novaeauineae. hatchina 325 Smithsonian Special 1 snaoDer, allioator Macroclemvs temmincki TERN, Inca Larosterna inca. hatching 231 acquisition 193 TERRAPIN, Malayan river Bataour baska. hat. 225 VETERINARY TIGER Panthera tiaris 301 Aquarium fishes 53 birth 192 Bat rehabilitation 160-1 Benaal Panthera t. tiaris 229 Beak replacement - Toucan 418-9 birth 123,229 Bear, Malayan Sun - stomach bloating 286 In Vitro fertilization 229,282 Capybara - stool problems (?)152 Siberian Panthera tiaris altaica 229,353,368 Elephant antibiotics 53 birth 228 Elephant chronic toenail cracks 243-7 Feline tongue papillae changes (?)194 39 VETERINARY (cont.) Leopard, clouded - raised by domestic cat 291-2 Non-domestic Neonatal Symposium: titles a abstracts 264-6 Opossum, Virginia protozoan infection (?)124 Pachyderm nutrition 167,179 Rhino, black - nutrition 401-6 Rhino foot care 336,400 Snakes with mites (?)184 Tamarins with Cryttococcosis !?)184 Turtle - amoebisasis treatment 319 VIDEO nm Keeper's Introduction to Feed & Feeding 106,414 Keeper's Safety: An Attitude Adjustment 106,414 VIEWPOINT 14,168-9, 'VULTURE cinereous Aeayoius monachus (P)224 hatching 224,291,: griffon, Himilayan 319 Ruppell's Gyps rueppellii. hat. 193,227 king Sarcorhamobus papa, hatching 394 Lappet-faced 319 HALIABY Bennett's, birth 10,154 dama, birth 291 red-necked Macropus ruf ooriseus , birth 91,226 WALRUS 156 WAKBLER, golden-cheeked Dendroica chrysoparia 304 WARTHOG Phacxhroeas aethiopicus 77 acquire 256 birth 92 WATERBUCK Ife ellipsiprymms 227 birth 6,154 EALE, humpback 372 WILDLIFE PRESERVATION TRUST 96 WOLF 18,56,71 grey Canis lupus, birth 231 maned Chrysocyon brjchyurus 86 red Canis rufus, birth 290 Tibetan, Canis lupus, birth 229 Timber Canis lupus 8,336,400 WOLVERINE G. gulc, birth 93 WOODIAND PARK ZOO: Zoc Keeper's Role in Safety 420-4 WOODPECKER, red-ruiped green Picas e, erytfaropygi'os, hatching 93 WRASSE, slingjaw 372 ZEBRA 291 Grant's Equus burchelli, birth 154,291 Grevy's E(tjus orevyi , birth 289,393 ZEBU see under CATTLE ZIMBABWE NATIONAL CONSERVATION TRUST 59 ZOO ATLANTA: Raising E-e-e-gore 19-23 Snakebit First Aid Down Under: Elapids vs. 138-40 Vipers ZOO OUTREACH ORGAJIIZATION 295,400 AAZK Administrative Offices 1-800-242-4519 (U.S. Only) 1-800-468-1966 (Canada) FAX 913-272-2539 40 AAZK Membership Application Name check here if renewal [ ] Address — City I I $30.00 Professional Full-time Keepers □ $25.00 Associate Those not connected with an animal facility □ $20.00 Library Library subscription only Zoo Affiliation (if any) Zoo Address State/Province Zp □ $25.00 Affiliate Other staff & volunteers □ $40.00 International All members outside U.S. & Canada regardless of category □ $50.00 or up Contributing or Institutional Individuals & Organizations Mail this application and check or money order (U.S. CURRENCY ONLY PLEASE), made payable to American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc., to : AAZK Administrative Offices, Topeka Zoo, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 U.S.A. Membership includes a subscription to Animal Keepers' Forum. The membership card is good for free admission to many zoos and aquariums in the U.S. and Canada. INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS Animal Keepers' Forum publishes original papers and news items of interest to the animal keeping profession. Non-members are welcome to submit articles for consideration. Articles should be typed or hand-printed and double-spaced. All illustrations, graphs and tables should be clearly marked, in final form, and should fit in a page size no greater than 6" X 10" (15cm X 25 l/2cm). Literature used should be cited in the text and in final bibliography. Avoid footnotes. Include scientific name of species (as per ISIS) the first time it is used. Thereafter use common name. Black and white photos only accepted. Articles sent to Animal Keeners' Forum will be reviewed for publication. No commitment is made to the author, but an effort will be made to publish articles as soon as possible. Lengthy articles may be separated into monthly installments at the discretion of the editor. The editor reserves the right to edit material without consultation unless approval is requested in writing by the author. Materials submitted will not be returned unless accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope. Telephone or FAX contributions of late-breaking news or last-minute insertions are accepted. However, long articles must be sent by U.S. mail. The phone number is (913) 272-5821 Ext. 31. FAX # is 913-272-2539. DEADLINE FOR EACH EDITION IS THE 15TH OF THE PRECEDING MONTH Articles printed do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Animal Keepers* Forum editorial staff or the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Publication does not indicate endorsement by the Association. Items in this publication may be reprinted providing credit to this publication is given and a copy of the reprinted material is forwarded to the editor. Reprints of material appearing in this journal may be ordered from the editor. PRINTED IN U.S A. ©1991 AAZK, Inc. •y :s: w !1» "O r*S“ rr i-j. O r— r« •JO r-«" cr — < O “5 ;d Oi “1 f- j •< O o D »j3 o (-J. n su t<} O' ~o •C' !X» ~3 CO X" Animal Keepers' Forum February 1991 Dedicated to Professional Animal Care ANIMAL KEEPERS' FORUM. 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Editor-in-chief: Susan Chan Assistant Editor: Ron Ringer February 1991 Volume Eighteen Number Two Animal Keepers' Forum (ISSN 0164-9531) is a monthly journal of the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc., 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Ten dollars of each membership fee goes toward the annual publication costs of Animal Keepers’ Forum . Third Class postage paid at Topeka, KS. Postmaster: Please send address changes to: American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Administrative Offices, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Barbara Manspeaker, Administrative Secretary BOARD OF DIRECTORS Oliver Claffey, Metro Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario, Canada President Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada Vice President Frank B. Kohn, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC 20008 Immediate Past President Janet McCoy, Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR 97221 Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo, Tucson, AZ 85716, COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSONS - PROJECT HEADS Conference Book Committee Tim Kelly, Assiniboine Park Zoo Awards Committee Jan McCoy, Washington Park Zoo Book Review Coordinator Rick Emmer, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Staff Exchange Dale Freking, Kansas City Zoo AAZK History Committee Rachel Rogers, Miami Metrozoo International Affairs Coordinators - Mona Conservation, rreservation. Restoration Keeper Training & Education fincludes Library Resources, Reference Search, Program Library, and Keeper Training Materials) L.R/R.S. - Marilyn Cole, Metro Toronto K.T.M- Rosemary Jalink Krussman, Nat'l Aquarium Resear ch/Gr ants Committee Susan M. Barnard, Zoo Atlanta Public Education Committee Ellen Bradfield, Zoo Atlanta Keith, Calgary Zoo (east) Pam McDougall, Calgary Zoo (west) (CPR) Committee - Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo Animal Data Transfer Form Bemie Feldman, Burnet Park Zoo AAZK Liaison to AAZPA/IZE Brint Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. Keener Accommodations List Heidi Manicki, Metro Toronto Zoo An Approach to Zookeeping Pat Sammarco, Santa Fe Teaching Zoo Zoo Infant Development Project Harmony Frazier-Taylor, Woodland Park Zoo AAZK-Manual of Resources Elandra Aum, Woodland Paric Zoo Exhibit Design Form Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo Public Relations Liaison Tim Kurkowski, Zoo Atlanta Membership Directory Administrative Office Staff Diet Notebook Susan Bunn Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. Biological Values/Gestation Toni Danzig, Greater S. F. Bay Area Chapter Legislative Advisor John Stoddard, Chicago, IL By-Laws Review Vacant Zoo/University LisI Mike Illig, Washington Park Zoo Nominations & Elections David Luce, Fresno Zoo Zoonotic Diseases Notebook Bruce Clark, Toledo Zoo Keeper Training Videotape Production Coordinator - Vacant Order/Distribution Center at AAZK Administrative Offices in Topeka Liaison and Information Network for Keeners (LINK) Coordinator - Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada printed on recycled paper This month's cover features a special Black rhino (Diceros bicornis michaeli) drawn by Elayne Barclay, a keeper at the Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR. Pete was born 7 May 1987 at the Denver Zoo. He is the first of his species ever in the Pacific Northwest and is the focal animal in the zoo's new African exhibit. To further WPZ's commitment to Black rhino conservation, the SSP committee has paired Pete with a female, Miadi, who came to us from the Brookfield Zoo. The original drawing was used as a prize for the extremely successful “Bowling for Rhinos” event held by the Portland Chapter in 1990. A limited edition of 100 signed and numbered 13 x 11 inch prints were also sold at the event with all proceeds going to the Ngare Sergoi Rhino Sanctuary. Prints are still available for $10.00, plus $3.25 for postage. Proceeds will go to the Chapter's “Bowling for Rhinos” Fund. If interested, contact Portland Chapter AAZK, 4001 SW Canyon Rd., Portland, OR 97221. Thanks, Elayne! Scoops Note to Chapters on Materials for Group Exemption Letter The following Chapters have not responded or fully responded to repeated requests from AO for the materials rquired from the Chapter to file our Group Exemption Letter with the Internal Revenue Service. If the required information is not filed with the Administrative Office by 1 March 1991, the Board of Directors will have no other alternative but to consider these Chapters inactive. Please contact Barbara Manspeaker, Administrative Secretary, if your Chapter needs additional help in filing the information. Central Park Zoo AAZK Chapter, New York, NY New York Zoological Park AAZK Chapter, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY Greater Baltimore Chapter AAZK, Baltimore, MD Appalachian AAZK Chapter, Mill Mountain Zoo, Roanoke, VA Edmonton Chapter of AAZK, Valley Zoo, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Cheyenne Mountain AAZK Chapter, Colorado Springs, CO Two Members Named to NEC Committee Cherie Langlois, Northwest Trek, Eatonville, WA, and Kimberly Miller, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH have been named to the AAZK Nominations and Elections Committee. The NEC, chaired by David Luce, Chaffee Zoo, is responsible for soliciting nominees for the positions to be filled on the AAZK Board of Directors. This year three seats will be up for election - those held by Oliver Claffey, Frank Kohn and Bob Debets, whose terms expire 31 December 1991. The election ballots and biographical sketches of the candidates will be mailed to all Professional members in late April. New By-Laws Available from AO Copies of the AAZK By-laws which were revised and voted on at the 16th National AAZK Conference in N,ew Orleans are available from AO in Topeka. Copies of the new By-laws have already been sent to each AAZK Chapter with their rechartering packet. If you need additional copies for your Chapter, or if an individual member wishes to obtain a copy, please contact Barbara Manspeaker at AO. 41 Scoops & Scuttlebutt. Continued NOTICE The LINK System Coordinator is now accepting applications for the positions of Assis- tant Coordinators - East and West. An Assistant Coordinator oversees the general function and activities of Regional Coordinators in the areas east and west of the Mississippi. The A.C. must be witling to communicate effectively and frequently with RCs and submit a semi-annual report to the UNK Coordinator. Interested persons should contact the LINK Coordinator with a short resume (zoo work history & activities) byl5Marchl99L Applications are also being accepted from interested persons in regard to current and future UNK positions. The following areas currently do not have RC representation; Hawaii, Alaska, North and South Carolina, Oklahoma, Illinois, and mid-California. The UNK Coordinator is also interested in hearing fix)m pei^ns who would be inter- ested in future positions as they arise. Applicants names would be kept on file for ref- erence. Anyone interested in these current positions or who would like to te considered for future UNK positions, please send Mark de Denus a short resume by 15 March, 1991 at the following address: Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P 0R5. AAZK Announces New Professional/Contiibuting Members Tracy Frampton, Roger Williams Prk Zoo (RI) Adrienne Whitley Moore, Burnet Prk Zoo (NY) Gail A. Weber, Seneca Prk Zoo (NY) J. Donavan Murphy, no zoo listed Dave Hild, Louisville Zoo (KY) Michelle Seldon, Detroit Zoo (MI) David Nestale, Detroit Zoo (MI) Deborah Burdick, Houston Zoo (TX) Linda Carlson, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Betty Bradley, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Anita E. Vincent, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Antonio T. Flores, Jr., San Antonio Zoo (TX) Mark A. Hood, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Robin Moczygemba, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Kimberly Caskey, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Debbie Batlista, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Patricia Kahn, Southern Nevada Zool. Prk (NV) Sandy Sandberg, Santa Barbara Zoo (CA) Thomas Fenske, Waikiki Aquarium (HI) Karen Andrews, Honolulu Zoo (HI) Susan Philpott, Metro Toronto Zoo (Ontario) Gregory George, Roger Williams Prk Zoo (RI) Jodi Lummis, Ross Park Zoo (NY) Lamar Page, Page Exotics (GA) Deborah Scanlan, Memphis Zoo (TN) Ronnie Hatcher, Columbus Zoo (OH) Michael Pituch, Detroit Zoo (MI) Jeff Culbertson, Henry Doorly Zoo (NE) Dimas Dominguez, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Gilberto Perez, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Maria Louisa Browning, San Antonio Zoo(TXj Carol Jo Rodriguez, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Bryan Sepp, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Terrence L. Fisher, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Catherine Thomas, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Jim Fleshman, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Cheryl Powell, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Terry Silfies, San Diego Zoo (CA) Jolie S. Horikawa, Honolulu Zoo (HI) Ruby Patterson, Honolulu Zoo (HI) Robert L. Estes, Honolulu Zoo (HI) Christine Whittle, Metro Toronto Zoo (Ont.) New Contributing Member Serial Division, Ohio State University Library, Columbus, OH Renewing Contributing Members Steven Graham, Director, Detroit Zoological Park, Detroit, MI Miller Park Zoo, Bloomington, IL Calgary Zoological Society, Calgary, Alberta, Canada 42 MEMO: TO: Regional Coordinators/Chapter/Institutional Liaisons/General AAZK Membership FROM: Mark de Denus/LINK Coordinator RE: LINK System Update LINK Worl^hop (New Orleans) This meeting of Regional Coordinators, Chapter members and interested AAZK delegates went very well. Seventeen RCs were in attendance. An overview of the RC Survey I had sent out in August of 1989 was presented. The report covered various aspects of the RC system and addressed effective communication, opinions, and attitudes regarding the system. A report on recommendations for Chapter standardization and function was presented for discussion. This included the areas of fiscal year, election of officers, rechartering and financial reporting (see Overview of 1990 AAZK Board of Directors Meeting, AKF January 1991; letter from Ed Hansen AKF December 1990). Semi-Annual Reports (RC and Chapter Liaison) I have sent (late December) packages to all Chapter Liaisons. This included a job description and duties, timetable, memo re: standardization, and a semi-annual report form. This report is due by 15 February and must be sent to your RC. Also sent recently was a similar package to all RCs including a semi-annual report form for their use. The following persons have resigned fixim the LINK System: - Nanci Pintavalli, Assistant Coordinator/East - Jon Brangan, RC/Mid-Atlantic Region - David Luce, RC/Mid-California On behalf of AAZK, 1 would like to thank these dedicated individuals for their interest and efforts in promoting the organization and the profession of zookeeping. New Re^onal Coordinators approved by the Board are: - Vicki Roth, RC for MT, ID and WY - Theresa Maas, RC/Mid-Atlantic I would also like to welcome the following new Chapters to AAZK and wish them success in all they do: - Caldwell Zoo Chapter, Caldwell Zoo, Tyler, TX - Memphis Zoo Chapter, Memphis Zoo, Memphis, TN Mark de Denus, LINK Coordinator 43 Bowling for Rhinos Update At the 16th Annual AAZK Conference in New Orleans, the professional membership voted on a proposal by Ian and Jane Craig, Caretakers of the Ngare Sergoi Rhino Sanctuary, to support the Ngare Ndare Forest Reserve with the monies raised from this year's Bowling for Rhinos. The Reserve is a complete ecosystem that adjoins the Ngare Sergoi Sanctuary and houses a diverse cross-section of African flora and fauna. The dates for this year's Bowling for Rhinos have been set for 27 April through 11 May, 1991. The Bowling for Rhinos Workshoip at the Conference produced some changes in the format of the 1991 event. These include: 1. The method of collection for this year has also changed. The bowler will have two weeks in which to collect all sponsor money. Checks and money orders should be made out to AAZK, Inc.[ a 501(c)(3) tax exempt organization]. The Chapter has two 'additional weeks to finalize all accounting. The total turned in by the bowler MUST match the amount written in as received on the sponsor sheet. The Chapter will send the white copy of the sponsor sheet, financial report and all checks to: Nanci Pintavalli P.O. Box 144 Dublin, OH 43017 2. Each Chapter shall convert all cash donations into one check drawn on a Chapter account, payable to AAZK, Inc. This check, with the two authorized signatures, shall be sent to Nanci Pintavalli's address. The yellow copy of the sponsor sheet , along with a second copy of the financial report should go to: AAZK Administrative Office 635 S.W. GageBlvd. Topeka, KS 66606 3. Last year's sponsor sheets are NOT VALID. To aid us in ordering sponsor sheets, please give an estimate of how many sheets you will need. The 1991 editions are presently being drafted. Last year, 36 zoos participated in the U.S. and Canada with over $150,000 earned for the Ngare Sergoi Support Group. We will once again offer T-shirts, patches, pins and posters nationally. Watch future issues of AKF for details. I am happy knowing that not only was a lot of money raised, but public awareness was alerted to the plight of the rhino Every sponsor we reached is a bit more knowledgable about the rhino as well as other threatened or endangered species. I sincerely hope you will join us this coming Spring for what I hope will be a record- breaking year. Sincerely, Nanci Pintavalli Bowling for Rhinos Chairperson 44 Births & Hatchings Miami Metro Zoo...is proud to announce the following animal births: on 30 October, 1990, a litter of 2.1 Asian small-clawed otters {Aconychini aonyx cinerea) were born to our two- year-old female and 14-year-old male. One male pup DNS, leaving one male and one female. Birth weights were 60 g (female) and 66 g (male), with an average of 100-110 g gains per week. The pair was introduced on 9 August; breeding occured on 13 August and continued for 12 days. The sire, a wild-caught animal, was shipped from the Minnesota Zoo. Until now, he was unrepresented and considered to be a non-reproductive animal. The female was shipped from the Reid Park Zoo and this was a first litter for her. As of 30 August, there were 52.65.6 otters in 18 institutions for a total of 123 individuals. Not counting this significant birth, there were 15 births from five litters. To our knowledge, this male is the oldest reproductive male in North America. The birth of 1.0 Black rhinoceros (Dicornis bicornis) occurred on 10 November 1990. “Cora” gave birth to “Tonka” at 1600 hrs on 10 November after a 15 1/2 month gestation. At 72 hours of age, the baby was given a routine neonatal examination by veterinary staff, and he weighed a healthy 90 pounds. Tonka was Cora's fourth calf; her three previous offspring were also males. The calf was born on the seventh anniversary of the arrival of his father at Metrozoo. “Toshi”, the sire, came to us in 1983 from Hiroshima, Japan. Cora's last calf, born almost three years ago, was sired by a geriatric male whose genes were previously unrepresented among the captive black rhino population. That calf, “Tatu”, is currently on exhibit with a five-year-old female and will soon become an active participant in the zoo's successful breeding program. Our pair of White-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar), “Fang” (est. age 37 yrs.), and “Prissilla” (est. age 21 yrs.) gave birth to fraternal twins. They were on exhibit when the birthing began. It was apparent that the infant was in a breech position. Aided by zoo staff, the dead (male) fetus was delivered vaginally on 27 October 1990. The following day, 28 October 1990, the female was taken to the zoo hospital for exam, when a second breeched infant (a female) was discovered. Due to the need to deliver the second fetus quickly, a C- section was performed. Both the mother and infant are doing fine. After suture removal, both were placed back on exhibit. To our knowledge, this occurence of fraternal twinning is a first. If anyone is aware of others, please write with further information to: Rachel Watkins Rogers, Miami Metrozoo/Primate Dept., 12400 SW 152 St., Miami, FL 33177. submitted by Rachel Rogers, Martha Thaden, Walter DuPree and Linda Evans. White-handed gibbon mother Prissilla with the surviving twin ftxim the 27 October 1990 birth at Miami Metrozoo. Photo by Richard Arnold ! Photo Concepts ! Miami. 45 Births & Hatchings. Continued Calgary Zoo ( Calgarv. Alberta. Canada). ..reports these significant B&H for 1990. Large Mammals is pleased to announce the second birth of 0.1 Ceylonese elephant (Elephas maximus maximus). Weighing in at 330 lbs., “Maharani” (Great Queen), is Calgary’s first female born at our facility. Large Mammals also reports 0.2 Spectacled bears (Tremarctos onatus), the nineteenth birth for our 21 -year-old female “Rooti” and sired by our 26-year-old male “Dick”. Other births include: 0.1 Reticulated giraffe {Camelopardalis reticulata), 0.1 Barren-ground grizzly bear {Ursus arctos sp.), our first cub after a ten-year period since 1979 to our 28-year-old female and sired by our 18-year- old male. Also bom were 1.3 Przewalski horse (Equus przewalski) [D.C.R.C. Zoo Ranch, May/June 1990], and 0.0.12 Swift fox (Vulpes velox), a very important contribution to the reintroduction program to the prairies of Canada. The last wild Swift fox was observed in Alberta, Canada in 1938. Primates reports the birth of 1.0 Sumatran orangutan (Pongo pygmeaus albeii). Bom on 16 July, “Baka-Keri” represents an important birth for the Ape Section as our breeding male “Keri” died in April, leaving his legacy to our Orang family. Birds. ..reports several significant hatchings for 1990. These include: 0.0.2 Gold Coast touracos (Touraco persa persa), representing the first viable eggs laid by our pair; 0.0.2 Bald eagles {Haliaeetus leucocephalus), 0.0.10 Prairie chickens {Tympanuchus cupido), 0.3 Burrowing owls {Athene cunicularia), 0.0.9 Red breasted geese {Branta rufficollus), and 0.0.3 Trumpeter swan {Olor buccinator) [D.C.R.C. Zoo Ranch]. Reptiles. ..is proud to announce a very important hatching of 0.0.1 Gila monster {Heloderma suspectum). This is the first successful hatching ever for the Calgary Zoo and perhaps, the whole of Canada. Other hatchings include: 0.0.13 Western hognose snakes {Heterodon nasicus), hatching 12 July 1990. submitted by William Blayney, Chapter Liaison, Calgary Zoo AAZK Chapter. Z(^)-N3B’WS fronL. 0AWAm Intemational Primatologists Society Holds 13th Congress in Japan By Yoshi. Yonetani. Zoo! DEL, Kobe, Japan For the second time in its history, the International Primatologists Society traveled to Japan for their XIII Congress. The significant world-wide symposium was held at two different sites. Delegates met in Nagoya from 18-21 July and in Kyoto from 23-24 July 1990. About 520 participants from 36 different countries took part in the Congress. These included delegates from Africa, Eurasia, Australia and America. It was a very successful meeting. Most of those attending were scholars such as primatologists, researchers, lab technicians or students. I met far fewer zoo people at both sites than I had expected. So far as I know, several persons from the US-Zoos joined with the IPS -Japan. They were F. Koontz/New York Zoological Society; Ann Baker, Brookfield Zoo; Devra Kleiman, National Zoo; and Gay Reinartz, Bonobo SSP Coordinator from the Milwaukee County Zoo Society. Of course, there were many staff members from Primate Research Centers such as Duke and Yerkes, though only one primate center from Germany. 46 Tntftmatiorial PrimatolofiTists Meet in JaparL Continued f'-’lai) of tlie campus Figure 1 Enclosure 1 (2100ni2) established in 1971 Japanese monkey TAKAHAMA group. Enclosure 2 (728,624m2) with 4 group cages, bedrooms and rooms for behavioral experiments. Chinese Rhesus Group 1 and Chimpanzees. Enclosure 3 (496,713,680, 524m2) established in 1980-81 with 4 indoor group cages and observation room. Japanese monkey ARASHRYAMA, WAKASA group, Chinese Rhesus Group 2, Indian Rhesus Group. 47 Table 1 Animals Maintained in the Institute as of June 1990 Species no. of Animals Common Treeshrew 8 Grand Galago 4 Ring-tailed Lemur 5 Common Marmoset 4 Cotton-topped Marmoset 15 Common Squirrel Monkey 3 Owl Monkey 10 Tufted Capuchin 10 Central American Spider Moneky 1 Long-haired Spider Monkey 1 Savannah Monkey 6 Patas Monkey 1 Savannah x Patas Monkey 2 Japanese Monkey 436 Rhesus Monkey 264 Formosan Monkey 15 Crab-eating Monkey 60 Stump-tailed Monkey 3 Bonnet Monkey 13 Assam Monkey 2 Pig-tailed Monkey 4 Sulawesi Monkey 2 Hamadryas Baboon 9 White-handed Gibbon 2 Agile Gibbon 2 Common Chimpanzee 10 Total 892 48 International TVimatologists Meet in Japan. Continued The IPS's program contained several gatherings such as the Mayor's Welcome Party in Inuyama-city, a Farewell Party, and a Special tour of the Primate Research Institute and Japan Monkey Centre/Primate Zoo in Inuyama held during the traveling day from Nagoya to Kyoto. The PRI belongs to our national Kyoto University and it is not generally open to the public. (See the list of primates species housed at PRI in Table I and the layout of the existing and proposed facilities in Figure I and 2.) Three plenary sessions were included in the program at Nagoya. These were: ‘New Perspectives on Macaque Evolution’ by Jack Fooden (Division of Mammalogy/Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL); ‘Molecular Evolution of the Primates’ by Morris Goodman (Dept, of AnatomyAVayne State University, Detroit, MI); and ‘30 Years of Observing the Chimpanzees of Gombe’ by Dr. Jane Goodall (Gombe Wildlife Research Institute, Tanzania). Dr. Goodall’s presentation was a highlight of the sessions and was the only event open to the public during the Congress. Dr. Goodall also gave a public program in Tokyo in connection with WWF-Japan after the Congress was over. At the intermission I talked with her about an up-date situation for “Chimpanzoo” which she has advocated as a special project. She was also at the Chimp's Village at the Tama Zoological Park in Tokyo when I was taking Dr. Koontz of the Bronx Zoo on a guided tour. This was just one day before Dr. Goodall was to leave Japan and her enthusiastic action inspite of a hard schedule impressed me! There were many valuable papers presented during the Congress. The subjects included: Variety of Social Behavior; Development & Aging; Morphology of Soft Organs; Reproduction of New World Monkeys or Old World Monkeys; Paleontology & Paleoenvironment; Posture & Locomotion; Bones & Teeth; Improvement in Captivity Environment; Vocal Communication; Ecology & Conservation; Ranging & Feeding; Immunology; Ecology of Apes; Nutrition & Digestion; and Learning in Chimps Poster Sessions included: Neuroanatomy; Neurophysiology; Communication in Chimps; Communication & Transmission of Behaviors; Diseases and Management; Immunology & Biochemistry; and Genetics & Taxonomy. VTR Sessions included: Social Life in Monkeys; Mating Strategy; Instrumental Manipulation; and Human Effects on Monkeys- Life. Workshops included: Problems of Captive Care & Welfare of Primates; Advances in Non-invasive Techniques Monitoring Primates; and Funding Primate Conservation until the Year 2000. Symposia included: Origins of Monogamy; Cognitive Processes of Primates in Ecological and Psychological Perspectives; Hominid Origins: Neotology/Paleontology/ Paleoenvironments & History; Dispersal & Migration: Behavioral/Ecological & Genetic Correlates; Asian Non -human Primates: Origin/Evolution & Ecology; Behavior of Our Closest Relatives, Chimps & Bonobos; The Acoustical Basis of Primate Vocal Communication; Primate Locomotion: Origin & Development of Bipedalism; Long-term Studies of New World Monkeys; Female Sexual Behavior & the Concepts of Estrus in Non- human Primates; Molecular Evolution of Hominoids; Physical & Chemical Properties of Fruits and Seeds in the Diet of Primates; Aspects of Genetics, Behavior & Ecology that Predict Vulnerability; Phylogeny of Prosimians in the Light of Morphological Approaches; Behavior & Stress; Hominid Culture in Primate Perspective; Structures & Functions of the Primate Prefrontal Cortex; Biotechnologies Relating to Human & Non-human Primate in Vitro Fertilization; The Socio-ecology of Juvenile Primates; Recent Trends in the Studies of Japanese Monkeys; and Comparative Socio-ecology & Conservation of Gorillas. The 14th Congress of the International Primatologists Society will be held in Strasborg, France near the border of Germany in 1992. If the readers qf AKF are interested in a summary, please let us know your interested titles in the above-mentioned category. We have the abstract and you'll be able to get the abstract with the author's names by sending postage and copy-service costs. The address is: Yoshi. Yonetani, Zoo Design & Education Lab, 2-15 Nagate 1-chome, Nada-ku, Kobe 657 JAPAN. AAZK Award Nominations Are Now Being Accented for 1991! The AAZK Awards Committee would like to begin accepting nominations for the awards to be presented at the 1991 AAZK Conference in Toledo. In the following months there will be information concerning the qualifications, nomination procedures, selection procedures and an explanation of th Jlgan -C^Hromadka Excellence in Zookeening (EZ), Certificate of Merit for Zookeener Education (CMZE) Excellence in Exhibitrv lEEX) and .Meritorigug Achievement (MA) Awards. The deadline for all award nominations in 1 June 1991. All award nominations received after 1 June will be reviewed for 1992, so please keep this in mind when submitting your nominations. All awards given by the AAZK do not have a minimum or maximum number offered each year. Also, if the nominees do not meet the qualifications and nominators do not follow the nomination procedures, they will not receive the award for which they were nominated. Please include scientific names of animals when they are included in the nomination of a special or outstanding breeding acknowledgment. Please submit all nominations to: Jan McCoy, AAZK Awards Chair Washington Park Zoo 4001 S.W. Canyon Rd. Portland, OR 97221 AAZK Meritorious Achievement Award This award is given to professional members of AAZK or AAZK- affiliated Chapters for outstanding achievements in the zoo or aquarium field and related activities. This award covers activities outside the scope of the Excellence in Zookeeping award. This would include such things as keeper participation in AAZPA Bean Award projects, individual breeding projects carried on outside of the zoo proper, wildlife conservation efforts, zoo and wildlife education programs and other related activities. Qualifications; 1. The nominee must be a full-time keeper (professional AAZK member) , employed in any North American zoo, aquarium or related facility. In the case of an AAZK- affiliated chapter it must be *ln good standing' and have an up-to-date charter with the AAZK. 2. The nominee must have been employed at least one year on a permanent status at a zoo, aquariiun or related facility. In the case of an AAZK-affiliated Chapter, it must have been on active status for at least a year. 3. The nominee must be nominated by his or her peers or colleagues; while supporting nominations may be submitted by other zoo, aquarium or related facility personneL The nominators need not be from the same institution. Nomination Prpg^dprg; 1. List name, position, institution's name, address, phone and Director, years of service in the field, and the recommendation of a peer or colleague. 2. List and document the outstanding achievements; AA2PA Bean Award project participation, exhibits, breeding, conservation, etc. 3. The deadline for nominations is JUNE 1st of each year. Selection Procedure; The Awards Committee, consisting of five keepers, will independently review each nominee. 50 SPECTRUM Quality exotic animai diets Nutritionally balanced Fixed formulation • Economical When you need a complete line of high-quality dry and frozen animal diets for your feeding program, call Animal Spectrum. lEBRASKA BRAND h \ SPECTRUM BROOD-RITE HEATERS Frozen feline diets Frozen bird of prey diets Frozen canine diet Chunk and chopped horsemeat, hearts, livers, rib, shank, knuckle bones, and tailbones Banana flavored primate, 15% protein dry Banana flavored primate, Pro-Plus 25% protein dry Leaf Eater primate dry Omnivore dry Llama Vitamins & Minerals dry Polar Bear dry Marmoset/Tamarin dry Ratite dry Hoofstock supplement, with Selenium dry Bulbless heaters— nothing to break Safe around all animals and bedding material. Even heat distribution in 240, 500, or 750 wattages. GENTLE TOUCH™ bedding One call does It all FREE 1-800-228-4005 FAX 308-534-7015 Animal Spectrum, Inc. P.O. Box 721 North Platte, NE 69103-0721 The 17th National AAZK Conference an “Open Forum for the Future” Toledo '91 The AAZK Toledo Chapter, Inc. is very excited about hosting the 17th AAZK National Conference. Our program and format are new and innovative. We plan to offer sessions that reflect the many special interests and concerns of the membership. Some of the session topics are included in the “Call for Papers” announcement. Please make special note of the conference dates - October 6-11 - this year’s conference wiU run one day longer than in the past » Sunday through Friday evening. We invite each and every one of you to get involved and participate. Please make plans to join us October 6-11 for a few days of involvement, growth and fun. Fun.....? Toledo.....? It has been known to happen! ^oCIATIo/v Conference Hotel The Holiday Inn Southwyck has just finished a multi-million dollar renovation which includes its Atrium. The Atrium houses an indoor pool, fitness area, bar and Jacuzzi, so be sure and bring your bathing suits. Weather Advisory Ohio weather changes quickly, so when packing for the conference, prepare to dress in layers. It might be 70° or it might be 10° all in the same day. 52 Conference '91 First Call for Papers Papers will be considered on aH aspects of professional animal care, including the keeper as well as the kept. Papers will be limited to 20 minutes. A brief discussion period will follow all except those addressing the three main topics in the morning sessions. These will be followed by open panel discussions with all the delegates. Please submit abstracts by 15 July 1991 and include the following: Name Title of Paper Address Equipment needed Send to: Bill Whittaker, Program Chairperson AAZK Conference '91 1011 Shadowlawn Toledo, OH 43609 A partial list of planned session/workshop topics: Professional Zookeeping: ideas & options for the future (Topic Monday morning) Animal Rights: where do we stand? (Topic Wednesday morning) Conservation: meaningful involvement (Topic Friday morning) Keeper's Role in Research Career Development Exhibit Design Animal Training as a Husbandry Tool AAZK: where do we go from here? Conference Planning International Zookeeping: it's a small world Behavioral Enrichment Penguin Husbandry Neonatal Bird Care Herpetoculture as a Reptile and Amphibian Conservation Strategy The Aquarist, Aquaculture and Conservation? If you have an idea, please let us know. 53 1991 National AAZK Conference P©ST“(D©MFE^EN]© MYSTERY TRIP $266.00 per person (double occupancy) -includes: round trip transportation 2 ni^ts accommodation 2 limches 1 dinner “Fee due by 15 July, 1991 Departime: Saturday, 12 October, 1991, 7:00 sum. Return: Monday, 14 October, 1991, 7:30 pjn. **Proof of dtizenship is required on diis trip** This month's clue: Hurry! Get your money in now! This trip is limited to 80 people! 54 International Training Center for the Captive Breeding of Endangered Species Purpose: to train individuals in the techniques of captive breeding of a variety of endsingered species so that they can advance the cause of wildlife preservation in their respective countries. Background: The Wildlife Preservation Trust is an international nonprofit organization dedicated to the support of captive breeding of endangered species. It supports projects in captive breeding, field surveys, reintroduction, research and education. The zoological facility for the Trust’s work is located on the island of Jersey, Channel Islands, British Isles. This facility is both a zoo and breeding-research facility for endangered species, and has a collection of over 100 species of birds, mammals and reptiles. The International Training Center is an educational facility for training in captive breeding and species conservation; it combines dormitory, classroom and research facilities for students, staff and visiting scientists. Program: the training program consists of six, ten or sixteen weeks of intensive work in all divisions of the zoo. Trainees work in close contact with zoo staff in all phases of animal keeping and breeding. Each trainee spends two weeks in each section and a final two weeks on an independent project. Daily duties are supplemented with weekly seminars on a variety of topics. The program is flexible in terms of length and focus. Eligibility: the program is designed for individuals with previous practical experience with animals: zoo and animal center staff and postgraduates in conservation-related fields. Application: applications may be obtained from the address below. Selection is made in August of each year. Applications should be submitted by 1 July for training beginning the following year. Location: Jersey, Channel Islands, British Isles Dates: starting date by arrangement Fees: Tuition is £100 (approximately $198). Full room and board costs are £91 (approximately $180) per week. Trainees are responsible for air fare to and from Jersey, Channel Islands, as well as personal expenses. For application and further information write or call: Training Program Wildlife Preservation Trust International 34th St. and Girard Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (215) 222-3636 - telephone (215) 222-2191 - FAX ***Deadline for application for 1992 positions is 1 July 1991.*** Book Review Conservation Biolosv. The Science of Scarcity and Diversity Michael E. Soule, editor Sinauer Associates, Inc. 1986 584 pp. $29.95 (paperback) $50.00 (cloth) Review By Mike Seidman, Keeper III Phoenix Zoo, Phoenix, AZ The field of conservation biology is a relatively new one, created by our recently acquired interest in reversing the trend of human-caused extinctions. As Michael Soule, the editor of this book and one of the founders of the field points out, conservation biology arises as a response to artificial limitations imposed by humans on the natural world, usually in the form of reductions in space or numbers at the levels of populations, species, habitats or ecosystems. From any angle it may also be seen as a problem caused by lack of limitations on human population growth, human greed, development, pollution, etc. Conservation biology is an attempt to analyze the consequences of these human excesses in order to prevent the breakdown of natural systems. Such an undertaking requires a synthesis and practical application of many scientific disciplines, including ecology, evolution, ethology, population genetics and biogeo^aphy, as well as some non-biological sciences. Solutions must also take into account human psychology and behavior. No book can possibly survey the full range of this rapidly expanding field and many aspects of it are excluded from this one, some of them having been covered in an earlier book of the same name. Although the influence of zoos on the origin of conservation biology is acknowledged, the topics of captive propagation is not taken up here. The main thrust of the book is on design criteria for reserves, their optimum number, size, shape and location. From the point of view of zoos, saving wilderness is of course a prerequisite if their contribution is to matter. The book is divided into six main sections, some relating to essential topics such as fragmentation of land, others to the various levels (populations, communities, etc.) at which artificial scarcity is occurring. There are 25 essays in all, with much overlapping subject matter and repetition of conclusions. Each author begins with a set of problems and ends with some implications for reserve design and management. This review, also subject to limitations of space, will merely skim the surface of the book, emphasizing only a few of those topics I believe are most fundamental. Each essay, however, contains an abundance of detail and insight beyond what I have chosen to stress. Although I found a few rough spots in the first two sections, the book as a whole is very readable and easily assimilated. The first section takes on a topic familiar to zoo people, the fitness and viability of populations. The problem in zoos that result from breeding small populations of captive species mirror what is happening in the wild. Below a certain number of individuals, about 50 for complex organisms, a population is in danger of extinction from random variations in birth and death rates. Optimum population size is probably closer to 500. Obviously reserves must be large enough to accommodate these numbers of many species. As habitats shrink and become fragmented due to human incursions, populations not only become smaller but also more isolated from each other. With reduced gene flow between 56 Book Review. Continued relatively unrelated populations, species begin to lose genetic variation and cease to adapt to changes in the environment. They may be less able to rebound from epidemics or other local disasters and as local populations become extinct (a not-uncommon occurrence), human barriers may prevent potential immigrants from recolonizing the area. Given smaller populations, conservation biologists would like to know what degree of relatedness between breeding individuals will maximize fitness and minimize the expression of deleterious genes. This is the main concern of the essays in this section. What are the reasons for rarity among plants and animals? What is the ecological importance of rare species and what must we do to protect them? These are some of the questions discussed in Section 2. Three broad types of rarity emerge. In uniform habitats with a high diversity of species, as in rainforests, most species will exist at low population densities, easily extinguished by reductions in their space or numbers. Rainforest trees with fewer than 60 individuals per km^ may go unfertilized. Huge tracts of land must be set aside to protect these species. Other species may be rare in a geographic location because their preferred habitats are scarce. Still others may be local endemics, members of broadly distributed groups that may recently have speciated due to isolation or be dependent on continual colonization from main centers of dispersal. If the number of habitat specialists and endemics is high in an area, many small reserves, each hundreds of km^ will be required. Section 3 expounds on the critical problem of habitat fragmentation. Fragmentation occurs when a 'large expanse of habitat is transformed into a number of smaller patches of smaller area, isolated from each other by a matrix of habitats unlike the original'. These become 'habitat islands' and 'the challenge to conservationists is to preserve as much of the species pool as possible within these fragments, in the face of continual habitat destruction.' This is as much a problem in temperate, developed countries as it is in Third World rainforests. Why does fragmentation of habitats lead to extinction? Fragments may be smaller than the minimum home range or territories of certain species. Some species may be dependent on certain microhabitats missing from the fragments or may require two or more habitats for their survival to which human barriers may prevent access. This brings up the most insidious effect of fragmentation, the creation of edges, the interface of wilderness and human-altered landscapes. These boundaries may act as one-way filters, letting species out but acting as barriers to potential immigrants. Invading the wilderness from these edges may be seeds of secondary growth plants or domestic crops, opportunistic animals whose numbers outside the reserve may have become artificially high (e.g., squirrels, raccoons and blue jays), or pesticides entering through drainage systems. Depending on the size and nature of these inter-fragment spaces, even the climate of wilderness areas may be changed. What are the implications for reserve size and shape? Priority, it is felt, must be given to the largest remaining fragments, in order to protect the species with the largest population densities as well as to provide sources for immigrants. Buffer zones should be created around reserves to minimize edge effects and allow certain species to exist there at least marginally. Circular reserves are best because they minimize the proportion of reserve edge to interior. Some management will also be necessary, to preserve certain successional species or to eliminate foreign species or cull nuisance animals. Section 4, on community processes, contains three essays. The first looks at questions such as, which species will be lost first and which will recover first after a disturbance? The second essay explodes the myth of easy living amidst constant superabundance in rainforests. It describes how, during an annual scarcity of fruit in a Peruvian rainforest, the entire frugivore community is absolutely dependent on certain critical plants, which comprises just 1% of the entire plant community there. The last essay in this section elucidates the 'growing conviction that disease and epidemics are the most underrated component of community dynamics relevant to management'. After a discussion of the types of diseases that limit populations and the indirect problems caused by disease control 57 Book Review. Continued (pesticide mortalities), the author points out that, in the wild, it is the subdivision of populations that helps prevent the spread of infections that could result in mass extinctions. Obviously, no species should be limited to just one reserve, but since gene flow between populations is also important, some risk of disease transmission may be unavoidable. Section 5 deals with a small sample of 'Sensitive habitats'. Two essays here are devoted to aquatic ecosystems. The first discusses problems and conservation efforts relating to coral reefs, mangrove and seagrass communities. One important conclusion, among many others, is that traditional fishermen need to be given incentives to cooperate with marine reserve planners, who must in turn acknowledge and incorporate many of the fishermens' traditional techniques and conservation practices. Conservationists have finally realized that to insure genuine (vs. merely legal) protection of a habitat (whether aquatic or terrestrial), the local people must also benefit from that protection. As Soule points out in his introduction, 'of all major ecological systems, fresh-water habitats are the most degraded'. The second essay here addresses the threats to tropical continental aquatic systems, especially pollution and the effects, both biological and cultural, of dams. An essay by Norman Myers details the all-too-familiar statistics of the devastation of tropical forests where one-half of all species live on just 7% of the planetary surface. Of about 9.5 million km^ of rainforest, one third are already gone and we are losing 75-92,000 km^ annually to destruction and 100,000 km^ to degradation. The principle causes are fuelwood gathering, cattle ranching, commercial logging and, by far the most destructive and least controllable, the 250 million small-scale cultivators. Since the species of rainforests are embedded in very intricate food webs, the disappearance of critical trees, even in the absence of wholesale habitat destruction, 'can set in train a process of linked extinctions' of many plants and animals. As more trees are cut and more rain is lost to the system as run-off, less water remains to be transpired to the air and the climate becomes drier, transforming the forests to savannas and perhaps even to deserts. The final step in this process is the extinction of wildlife and human starvation. To protect rainforests and their specialized inhabitants, assuming that detrimental human activities could be curtailed, would require reserves at least 1000 km^ in size, perhaps several times as much. After an informative essay on the manifold threats to cave faunas, the next topic is desertizing (usually, I believe, called desertification), the 'expansion of desert-like conditions and landscapes to areas where they should not occur climatically'. Primarily the result of crop expansion, overstocking and firewood collection, 9 million km^ of the world's arid lands have been turned into man-made desert over the past 50 years, one-third of it in northern Africa where 'only a few small mammals are still observed'. The prognosis for conservation there is gloomy for it is 'difficult to withdraw large tracts of land from the present pastoral or cropping landuse pattern'. The final section, called Interacting with the Real World, considers the effects of cultural values on conservation. An essay on restoration ecology (another burgeoning sub-field) points out that we must distinguish between restoring a disrupted habitat to its original form (if desirable, physically possible and economically feasible), rehabilitating certain desirable aspects of it or choosing to construct an alternative system (e.g., a lake). Or we might decide that doing nothing is best. Such decisions must include the input of scientists, administrators, industry and the general public. An essay by Jared Diamond describes how different political systems may determine different forms of conservation, making his point through a comparison of Indonesian and New Guinean approaches. He also provides a concise summary of the principle reserve design features that conservation biologists are proposing. "Reserve area determines whether particular species can maintain self-sustaining populations within the reserve and how many species the reserve can maintain. A tenfold increase in area doubles the number of possible species. It can sustain species with larger area requirements and, with a greater variety of habitats, can hold more specialized species, 58 Book Review. Continued especially those critical for such processes as pollination and seed dispersal, it is also essential to have reserve areas concentrated in a moderate number of large blocks rather than in many small fragments, to reduce edge effects". He closes with a plea to Western scientists for greater commitment to the problems of Third World conservation. This last point is a minor thread running through the book and it is presented more forcefully in the very last essay by Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess. Scientists, he believes, must bring their feelings as well as their biological expertise to bear on conservation issues, to persuade people that there are emotional, aesthetic and ethical reasons for preserving non-human nature in addition to the purely utilitarian. Scientists, in other words, must be willing, at times, to step out of their detached roles and crusade for what they love. And so perhaps must we all. Handrearing Orphan Macropods By Kitty Mallory, Owner Possum Walk Station Roopville, GA 301 70 The joeys of wallabies, wallaroos and kangaroos are lost from the pouch for a number of reasons, most common being stress on the mother. During capture operations, the mother may toss the joey out to enable her to escape. Heat stress will often cause a female to loose her milk, as will illness. As the joey sucks harder at the empty nipple, the female will tire of it and loosen the pouch, allowing the joey to fall out. Action by other members of the mob is also a factor. A male may pull a joey from the pouch while checking a female for signs of heat, and an older sibling will pull out a younger one while attempting to nurse. Fully furred joeys will often attempt to return to the pouch. Hairless ones (preemies) cannot. Because most joeys found are in the hairless stage, the information contained in this article pertains to their care and rearing. At the end of the article is a list of products mentioned. If these are unavailable in your area, please refer to your veterinarian for proper substitutes. The example given is a Bennett's wallaby (Macropus rufgriseus), so please make necessary adjustments when handling other species. All of the information contained herein is presented as a guide only. It has been gleaned from personal experience, and is what works for me. If you have any questions regarding medications, dosage, or treatment, please refer to your veterinarian for advice. The first and most important thing in working with these joeys is to keep them warm. Normal body temperature can run between 99-101° F. The joey must be maintained in a human incubator, not a poultry incubator (yes, some people have tried it). The temperature setting should be placed at 90° F with FULL or 100% humidity. The inside of the incubator will look like a rain forest. Do not use heat lamps on hairless joeys. In an emergency, the joey can be wrapped with a soft blanket and then with a heating pad set on LOW; however, this is not satisfactory for long-term survival. The joey will probably be dehydrated when found, and proper body fluid levels must be restored. This is done with subcutaneous injections of Ringer's lactate. Administer according to body weight. A good injection site is just below the base of the neck, between the shoulders. The best method of administration is by insulin syringe, due to the thin skin and close proximity of surface veins. Larger needles can cause deep punctures than can become infected. If the fluid is absorbed in less than one hour, repeat again within a four- hour period. To help prevent loss of moisture through the skin, apply a thin coat of petroleum jelly. Rub it on your fingers first, as it is cold to the touch. Apply several times during the day. Do not use baby oil, as this will merely cook the skin in the high temperature of the incubator. 59 Handrearing Orphan Macropods. Continued If the joey weighs 16oz or more, it can be placed on an every two-hour feeding schedule. If under 16oz. it must be fed every hour. This is done on a 24-hour-a-day basis. The feeding schedule must be maintained until the joey begins to fur in. Then the schedule can gradually be lengthened at one hour intervals over a period of several weeks. Caring for an orphaned joey requires round-the-clock feedings. If the joey is under 16 oz, it will need to be fed every hour. Photo courtesy Possum Walk Station. The only milk replacer that I recommend for these joeys is puppy Esbilac®. I use the powdered type and mix it one part powder to three parts water. As the joey grows, you can switch to one part powder to two parts water to have a richer milk. DO NOT ADD CREAM TO THE MIX. Marsupials cannot tolerate lactose, and milk products will cause diarrhea, enteritis, cataracts, hair loss and eventual death. I usually mix up a day's worth and refrigerate it to use as needed. Feeding is done with a special marsupial nipple imported from Australia. In an emergency, an eye dropper can be used, but care must be taken to avoid aspiration. To use a dropper, put a drop of milk at a time at the front of the joey's mouth, near the teeth and allow him to suck it into his mouth. Do not attempt to place the dropper into the mouth and squeeze, or at the side of the mouth as the joey will strangle that way. The marsupial nipple is soft and elongated and will fit over the end of a pet nurser bottle. The hole at the end must be large enough to allow the milk to come through easily, as these joeys do not often have a strong sucking reflex. The joey will often only suckle for a few minutes before becoming exhausted, so patience must be used at feeding times. 60 Handrearing Orphan Macropods. Continued To feed the joey cradle him in your lap, keeping him in a cloth pouch. Make sure he is fully wake before starting so as not to startle him and cause choking. You may want to cup your left hand over his face to keep him from becoming distracted while feeding. During nursing allow the joey to stop occasionally to rest and breathe. A joey that weighs 16oz or more should take 2-2 1/2 tablespoons per feeding. A joey weighing less will take between 1/2 and 1 1/2 tablespoons. When the joey is through sucking, he will place the tongue against the roof of his mouth. To try to keep forcing the nipple will cause damage to the mouth. After feeding wipe the joey's face of any spilled milk and potty him by wiping with a warm cloth. Do not brush the perianal area as this will cause irritation. Instead, stroke the area directly under the base of the tail. This will stimulate defecation and urination. At each feeding, and as needed, the joey should have his sleeping pouch changed. I make pouches out of old baby blankets, cotton sheets and nightgowns. The material should be soft, clean easily, and have no strings or fuzz. The joey will suck at the pouch and ingest these. To make a pouch simply cut out a double square and sew up the sides. The pouch can then be suspended in the incubator by a strap hanging down through the hole where a scale normally goes (see photo). Young joeys have difficulty tiiermoregulating so they are kept in a incubator with a constant temperature and humidity level.. The cloth sacks they are kept in simulate the mother's pouch. Photo courtesy Possum Walk Station. Joeys should be kept as clean as possible, and this can be done with a warm washcloth. Do not use any t3q)e of ‘haby wipe” or cleaning cloth as these frequently contain alcohol. Also check ears for dirt and the eyes for any discharge. Joeys should be wiped at least twice a day and rubbed with petroleum jelly to keep the skin moist. Pay special attention to the soles of the hands and feet as these tend to dry out sooner and can crack. Joeys this young will sleep almost continuously expect when eating. They will bruise so try to avoid handling as much as possible in the first few days. If the joey starts to hiss or jump about in the pouch, it is cold, wet or hungry. Joeys this young are susceptible to a variety of illnesses. Bear in mind that with preemies, the first ten days are the most critical. If you can get through this with no problems, you usually have a good chance of raising your joey to adulthood. Some of the most common health problems are outlined as follows: 61 Handrearing Orphan Macropods. Continued RESPIRATORY: If the joey was badly chilled or wet when found, it can develop pneumonia. Joeys in this condition should always be given a prophylactic injection of antibiotic. I prefer to use TRIBBRISAN®. 1/10 of a cc is the normal dosage for a joey under 16oz. EYES: Contact with the ground can often cause eye infections. This will first be noticed as a spot or “cast” of white in the eye. You need to treat immediately with a good opthmalic ointment such as TERRAMYCIN® to avoid permanent blindness. Treat until the cast disappears, applying several times a day. CUTS, SCRAPES, BRUISES: When found the joey may have several of these from crawling around on hard surfaces. Thoroughly clean with warm water and apply NEOSPORIN® ointment. Any joey that is found should be completely examined by your veterinarian to make sure there are no serious injuries. SKIN: Hairless joeys should have a pink skin. With very young ones you will be able to see numerous surface veins. They lose moisture through the skin so keep the humidity in the incubator high, and keep a thin coating of petroleum jelly on them. Severely dehydrated joeys will often peel off the entire layer of skin after several days. Do not attempt to pull it off, merely keep the area clean and moist, and the skin will work off itself. Dehydrated joeys will have a slack, tacky feel to the skin with no sheen. Normal skin feels smooth and slightly damp. Joeys with hair may show signs of hair loss due to skin infection, ringworm, or scrapes. Have your veterinarian evaluate and treat accordingly. DIARRHEA: This is a killer for young joeys as they cannot replace body fluids fast enough by mouth. Any animal that has severe diarrhea should receive SQ fluids during treatment. The average color and consistency of bowels is the same as that of human infants - soft and yellow. This will harden and darken as the joey ages. Some loose stools may be anticipated with the change in diet, but normally abates after 24 hours. For simple stomach upset, KAOPECTATE® is used. 3/10 cc is the normal dosage. For bacterial infection, I use SPECTROGARD®, with the dosage being 10 drops twice a day for a 16oz joey. Joeys that are on antibiotics often develop yeast infections in the intestine; to prevent this any joeys on antibiotics should be treated prophylactically with NYSTATIN®. With prolonged diarrhea, you may have to reintroduce flora into the system. I have used Acidopholus with pectin and have had good results. One capsule a day for 3 days mixed in the milk is standard. Severe diarrhea should be treated by initially withdrawing all formula for 24 hours, and giving only an electrolyte solution. I use PEDIALYTE®, an infant electrolyte solution. It should be given warm. Gradually reintroduce the formula. Diarrhea that lasts for more than 2 days should require a stool sample to try and pinpoint the problem. CONSTIPATION: This is also deadly. It usually arises from the joey ingesting foreign materials by sucking on the pouch. Swollen belly, straining, gas, and signs of pain indicate severe constipation. You can treat with mineral oil to lubricate, SURFAK® capsules (50ml) one to three times daily, and milk of magnesia can be used on older joeys. The joey should have a bowel movement at least every two hours at the hairless stage. Both diarrhea and constipation can cause irritation of the perianal area. For simple irritation, apply DESITIN® ointment. For more irritated area, I use TRITOP® ointment, as it has a mild pain reliever. For fungal infection, PANALOG® cream is very good. Apply these several times daily after cleaning the area. Some joeys will have a swollen cloaca from diarrhea, and we have used small amounts of DMSO with FURICYN to reduce the swelling. Cold wet cloths will also sometimes relieve swelling. With severe diarrhea always be on the look-out for rectal prolapse, and notify your vet at once. TOENAILS: Joeys on the ground will often claw wildly and damage their nails in the process. Wash the feet and hands thoroughly with warm soap and water and apply a good antibiotic cream for several days. Badly cracked large toenails should be cleaned, apply an antibiotic cream, and wrap a small band-aid over the nail to hold it in place and keep it from becoming further infected. 62 Handreaiing Orphan Macropods. Continued HUNGER BETWEEN FEEDINGS: Too much formula will cause stomach upsets, so if your joey should become insistent on eating, give a small amount of warm PEDIALYTE®. As the joey starts to fur in, you can begin to reduce the temperature in the incubator along with the humidity level. Do this gradually over a period of weeks until the temperature is just above room level and the humidity at normal. Feel the joey’s hind feet; if they are cool to the touch, the temperature is not high enough. When the joey is fully furred and is at 2-3 potmds, he is ready to come out of the incubator and go into a playpen. I use the kind with the netted sides. You can hang the pouch up on one side and he will be able to look out and start to come out to explore. Keep a watch on his body temperature the first few days. If he is slightly chilled, a heating pad on LOW can be placed under the pouch to provide additional warmth. By now the joey should be tr3dng solid foods. Apples are a good first food, followed by wheat bread, sweet potatoes and carrots. Also start to introduce pelleted food and make sure a small bowl of water is available. You can also start to feed fresh grass in small amounts. This will activate the ructus and enable the joey to more easily digest solids. Several common sense rules will help to keep the joey healthy: Keep feeding materials CLEAN. Do not keep and reheat formula, or allow milk to stand and then feed it. When giving injections, use disposable syringes, and alcohol swabs. Always wash your hands before feeding a joey, and if there is more than one, wash between caring for them. Wipe down the interior of the incubator daily with a good disinfectant to keep down bacteria and mold spores. Wash pouches with hot water, bleach and soap. Dry with a fabric softner. Watch where the joey is hanging in the incubator, and keep him from over the heat vents. When feeding, check the milk to make sure it is warm and not too hot. Cold milk will cause colic. Handrearing orphan joeys is a very demanding but highly rewarding job. There is a tendency to euthanize these preemies due to the extensive care required to raise them, but if you follow these guidelines you should be able to save most of them. If anyone has any questions, I am always glad to take time to talk to them on the telephone, and I have gotten used to getting hysterical phone calls at 2 A.M.! You can contact me at Possum Walk Station, 141 Jackson Road, Roopville, GA 30170 or call (404) 854-8846. (Editor's note: The Possum Walk Station will contract with individuals and/or institutions to hand-rear their orphaned joeys. If you would like information on fees and a copy of the required contract, please contact Kitty at the address given above.) 63 Handrearing Orphan Macropods. Continued Products Mentioned in the Text Esbilac® milk replacer for puppies PET AG INC. Hampshire, IL Di-Trim trimethoprim-sulfadiazine Pedialyte® fluid Ross Laboratories Columbus, OH Kaopectate® Upjohn Labs Kalamazoo, MI Lactated Ringers injec USP Abbott Labs North Chicago, IL Terramycin ® ointment oxytetracycline hydrochloride with polymycin B sulfate BD Microfine insulin syringes Becton Dickinson & Co. Franklin Lakes, NJ Wallaby nipples Possum Walk Station 141 Jackson Rd. Roopville, GA 30170 Neosporin® ointment Polymycin B-Bacitracin-Neomycin Burroughs Wellcome Co. Research Triangle Park, NC Desitin® ointment zinc oxide 40.0% Leeming Div., Pfizer, Inc. New York, NY Panalog ® ointment nystatin-neomycin sulfate- triamcinolone acetonide Tritop® ointment neomycin sulfate, isoflupredone acetate tetracaine hydrochloride Surfak® docusate calcium USP Hoechst/roussel Somerville, NJ 64 Slide Library Project for Cj\..Cj\..A.Z.K, Many keepers, groups, and individuals in the zoo field have slide collections for presentations, etc. but find that obtaining complete collections can be costly and time consuming. The Central Arizona Chapter of the AAZK is initiating a “Slide Library” of animal species. Slides would be solicited nationally through AKF and individual contacts. Slides chosen would become the property of the Central Arizona Chapter, but proper photo credit would be noted on all duplicates. Slides chosen would be extended credit on an equal basis (1 for 1) or a duplicate of the ORIGINAL slide would be returned to the contributor. To insure return of unused slides, a stamped self-addressed envelope (with equal postage of sending envelope) MUST BE INCLUDED with your slides. Mail to: Central Arizona AAZK Chapter, P.O. Box 52191, Phoenix, AZ 85072-2191. Slides in the library collection would be available (as duplicates) for a nominal fee which would include postage and handling. REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSIDERATION OF SLIDESs 1. All slides must be originals - no duplicates. 2. Release form for chosen slides must be signed by photographer or an officer of the contributing institution. 3. All slides chosen will become the property of the Central Arizona Chapter of AAZK. Contributing institutions or photographer shall retain the copyright and the C.A.C.A.A.Z.K. shall be authorized to distribute duplicates for educational use only. 4. All slides chosen are for educational purposes only - mav not be reproduced. 5. All slides will give proper photo credit, and courtesy of C.A.C. A.A.Z.K 6. Slides should show the entire animal clearly with unique features visible. Example.. .1,0 White-tail deer with tail and antlers visible. 7. Slides will not be returned UNLESS a stamped self-addressed envelope (with equal postage to sending envelope) is enclosed with slides. 8. Each slide should be clearly PRINTED with: Name of photogtrapher or contributor Animal common and genus species Sex and age (juv. - adult) Where photo taken if known This information could also be noted on paper. RELEASE FORM I, — — — , as owner of the copyright of slide do hereby authorize file central Arizona Chapter of the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. to distribute duplicates of said slides for educational use only. signature Chapter News Calgary Zqq AAZK Chapter Elected officers for 1991 are: President Mona Keith Vice Pres Pam McDougall Sec/Treas Elaine Willms Chapter Liaison. ..William Blayney After our very first Zoolympic Chapter fundraiser held at the Calgary Zoo in 1989, the experience and imagination of our members helped put on one of the most successful Zoolympics ever in 1990. Raising over $1200, the money will help, in part, sponsor foreign keeper. Dr. Prakash Amte of Amtes Animal Ark/Orphanage in Lok Biradari Prakalpa, Hemalkasa, India. Our annual Keeper Weekend was held in September with a good public turnout to listen and participate in keeper talks. Keepers gave informative talks on various animals, restraint techniques, feeding, and the ever popular elephant work-out. Our Chapter is currently working on revisions to the “Safety Manual for Zookeepers” (Animal Restraint) by Peter Karsten, 1974. This is an on- going project that includes updated restraint techniques for previous and newly acquired animals in our collection. Now known as the Calgary Zoo Chinook Chapter, voting on the Chapter logo was held earlier in 1990. With the never- ending artistic talents of Gary Wanderer, a fine Rocky Montain Goat was created and chosen unanimously. (See insert) AAZK One of our own members, Scott Russel, now directs the Canadian Division of International Society for Endangered Cats (I.S.E.C.), along with Pat Bumstead, Warren Fitch, and Jennifer Tizzard. The Canadian Division was officially set up in March 1990. Scott has held informative slide presentations for our Chapter and we are looking forward to hearing more from I.S.E.C. --William Blayney Chapter Liaison AAZK/EFBC Chapter The AAZK Chapter of The Exotic Feline Breeding Compound of Rosamond, CA is pleased t announce the election of the following officers; President David Hunsinger Vice Pres Janice Herrin Secretary Annie Nielsen Treasurer Louisa Chabot Alternate Renee Richardson Chapter Liaison.. Julie Abraham The Chapter wound up a very successful first year by supporting EFBC's first black tie banquet in November. The “Fabulous Feline Follies” raised $10,000 and work is already underway on a natural habitat exhibit to be built from these proceeds for our small cats. The exhibit is set to open in April and the banquet itself was so popular that it looks set to become an annual event. Four Chapter members also attended the National Conference in New Orleans for the first time and were pleased to make new contacts. Our all-volunteer staff also were proud to collect an AAZK Meritorious Achievement award for 1990! -Julie Abraham, Chapter Liaison Puget Sound AAZK Chapter New officers for 1991 are: Mike Teller President Tina Mullett Vice President Marilyn Martinez Secretary Margaret Girtch..... Treasurer Debbera Stecher.......WPZS Liaison 66 Chapter News. Continued Tucson Chapter AAZK Good morning AAZK. The Little Chapter That Could has risen from the dead (or an extended period of inactivity), with new members and new officers. They are: President Gale London Vice Pres.. ...Amber McManus Secretary Bruce Eneboe Treasurer,. ...Dee Nelson Chapter Liaison Rusty Agte The first order of business was to start spending some of the money we had sitting in the bank. We renewed the International Membership for Mr. Babubhai, affectionately known as “Bob”, from India. Also after receiving some very insightful information from the Audubon Park Zoo on their MesoAmerican project, we contributed money to help cover the purchase costs for capture and identification equipment. Next we got rid of Gale, Bruce and Board Member Ed Hansen by helping them out with New Orleans conference costs. Other ongoing projects include expanding our alumiunum can collecting to include all recyclables. One a week we (Dee) turns in all recyclable trash and monies received are donated to the Reid Park Zoo Library. Finally, we are already preparing for the '91 edition of Bowling for Rhinos. Our goal is to collect $1.00 more than last year, -Rusty Agte, Chapter Liaison Toledo Zoo Chapter AAZK The following members have been elected officers for 1991: President Cathi Benner Vice Pres., ...Bill Whittaker Secretary..... Janet Luginbuhl Treasurer.. ...Mike Dilley Chapter Liaison.. ...Cathryn Smith Sgt-at-Arms... ..Virgil Baird In December, our Chapter held a magic show in our indoor theater. The show was performed by local magicians and we had a good turnout. Plans are underway for our next Bowling for Rhinos event. -Cathy Smith, Chapter Liaison San PiegQ AAZK Chapto- Chris Schmitz of Education (Sea World) recently accepted a new job in Washington and stepped down from the Chapter's Board of Directors. The Chapter would like to thank Chris for all her hard work and dedication, and wish her the best in her new position. Current officers of the Chapter's Board of Directors are: Andrew Johnson (Sea World). ..Pres. Steve Castillo (S.D. Zoo) V.P. Kathy Duke S.D. Zoo). ..Secretary Kim Livingstone (Zoo). .Treasurer -Mary Dural, Chapter Liaison NOTE; Please be aware that the Little Rock Chapter has Colder Holders available with BOTH their Chapter logo (Giant Anteater) AND the national AAZK rhino logo. Prices and ordering information appear below. Where To Purchase Chapter Products AAZK Logo Coffee Mugs - Milwaukee County Zoo AAZK Chapter, 10001 W. Bluemound Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226. $5.50 each. AAZK ”I Zoo! Zoo You?” Bumper Stickers - High Plains AAZK Chapter, Lee Richardson Zoo, c/o Joanna Arneson, P.O. Box 499, Garden City, KS 67846. $2.50 each. AAZK Magnetic Keeper Safety Signs - Flint Hills AAZK Chapter, Sunset Zoo, 11th & Poyntz, Manhattan, KS 66502. $10.85 each plus $1.00 P&H. AAZK Logo T-Shirts ($8.50), Sweatshirts ($18.00) and Colder Holders ($3.50) - Little Rock Chapter AAZK, Little Rock Zoo, #1 Jonesboro Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205. AAZK Logo Auto Decals and Stickers - Mill Mountain AAZK Chapter, Mill Mountain Zoo, Inc., P. O. Box 13484, Roanoke, VA 24034. Decals - $2.50 each; Stickers $1.50 lg/$0.75 small. AAZK Logo Mesh Shopping Bags - Philadelphia Chapter of AAZK, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th St. & Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104. Each bag costs $4.00 plus 50 cents each for postage. 67 Ngare Sergoi Rhino Sanctuary Update from Anna Merz Founder I Patron Dear AAZK Members, The year started well with the successful capture in January of Kikwar, a subadult male black rhino in the northeast part of the Mattews Range. He was the last of a small group of rhino in that area, sadly the shifta killed the others. By good luck, Andy Lodge of the Support Group was with us for the capture and saw the super cub make a crash landing. Thankfully the pilot, William Craig, was unhurt and the plane could have been easily repaired had not the truck transporting it to Nairobi turned turtle in a ditch rendering our little plane a total write-off. As Andy witnessed all the dramas and saw with his own eyes how vital a small plane is to our operations, he inspired the Support Group (through the efforts of the 1990 AAZK Bowling for Rhinos event) to raise the funds to buy us a new one. It arrived on Lewa Downs on 29 November and sports a large AAZK logo on its side. Thank you all. The Bowling for Rhinos effort also raised the funds to buy us a 4WD Mercedes Tipper Lorry. This is the most important bit of equipment needed for our giraffe translocation project which we hope to start in March '91. The reticulated giraffe subspecies existed formerly in the northeast of Kenya and in Somalia and Ethopia. It is now extinct over much of its range. Here on Lewa Downs we have 700 of these lovely animals, nearly 200 of which are in the rhino sanctuary. This constitutes between 10-15% of their entire population. But here there are far too many and they are killing our precious trees by debarking them. We therefore plan to move about 400 of them to the Meru National Park, security there now being excellent. For this operation we need the lorry and in the region of $127,000. I hope very much that much of this money will be raised by the efforts of two wonderful friends in Switzerland: Dr. Eva Metzger who bought me my new Suzuki last year and Mr. Richard Scholl. In May I was given a Global 500 Award by U.N.E.P. and had to go down to Nairobi to receive it and make the very first speech of my life, an ordeal I would never have survived but for Richard's help... On 19 March, Sungari, one of our white rhino cows, produced a lovely male calf. Lari. She has proven an excellent mother and he is doing well as is the other white calf born last autumn. On 24 June we were lucky to receive a superb mature male black rhino, Osupat. He has settled down well and has already had several matings. Interestingly his technique is quite different from that of Godot, and as Sarnia approaches maturity (she will be six years old on 15 February), I am deeply grateful that he appears to be a much more gentle animal. Sarnia is now totally independent but she is still my friend and visits me regularly and her growing intelligence continues to astound me. July was the month for weddings: on the 14th Francis & Bimbi were married in Scotland and Andy & Melissa in Columbus, Ohio; from the bottom of my heart I wish them every happiness. While in the U.K. to attend Francis' wedding, I signed a contract with Collins in London for the publication of my rhino book next summer. End of July we sadly lost an immature black male as a result of a fight from which he sustained severe internal injuries. Seemingly he tried to stop his mother from being mated by Kelele. In August I had leopard dramas, a huge male killed my poor Caspar on my front verandah and for the next 10 days returned at repeated intervals. The remaining dogs were under strict curfew and my cooking operations were complicated by juggling in the dark with a cudgel, torch and saucepans. I have now had lights installed in the garden and the leopard, to my vast relief, has left the sanctuary and gone some miles to a place where it seems he has consumed some 30 dogs and nine sheep. 68 Ngare Sergoi Update. Continued In November disaster struck two close friends and people very important to the rhinos. Tim Ward Booth, a brilliant young helicopter pilot who has helped us in so many capture and shifta operations, was most tragically killed in a road accident. Dieter Rottcher, who is the vet who had captured all our rhinos and to whom so many elephants and rhinos owe their lives, suffered a heart attack and is now in Germany having triple bypass surgery. To end this letter on a better note, we have had eight inches of rain and are green and beautiful - flowers everywhere and birds rushing around with beaks full of housing materials. The rhinos put on condition and have all become very sociable - I saw seven blacks together the other day. I thank you all for your help and support. It has been lovely meeting so many of you this year and I hope you will all come back again. With best wishes for 1991 and our grateful thanks. Verey Sincerely, J^nna Mertz m AAZK Administrative Offices 1-800-242-4519 (U.S. Only) 1-800-468-1966 (Canada) FAX 913-272-2539 Keeper's Alert As zoological institutions work toward educating the public about our vanishing wildlife, many use live animals. Anyone interested in using live bats may wish to consider adding The Maintenance of Insectivorous Bats in Captivity to their library. For more information, contact Sue Barnard at 6146 Fieldcrest Dr., Morrow, GA or call (404) 624-5618. Notice to Aviary and Reptile Curators and Egg Display Caretakers; new technique available to zoo personnel for the production of that “perfect egg”. I have developed a technique by which eggs can be “blown” using only one hole the size of a pen point. This method not only produces a superior display egg, but also avoids the weakening of the shell caused by traditional methods. This service is now being offered to the zoo community for the first time. Fees for the service will be a tax-deductible donation to an organization that maintains a rehabilitation center for abused, unwanted and surplus zoo animals. If you would like more information on this service, please contact Staffan at (512) 755-4616 or (512) 755-8868. Pricing will be negotiated via telephone or you may write to Tell-Egg by Staffan, P.O. Box 15306, San Antonio, TX 78212-8506 for service sheets. 69 Legislative Outlook By John Stoddard AAZK Legislative Advisor Chicago, IL Two Marine Mammal Lawsuits Settled On 31 October 1990, the Progressive Animal Welfare Society and the International Wild life Coalition agreed in a out-of-court settlement to give up claims to prevent two Beluga whales from being brought to the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago. The Aquarium has agreed not to act upon its current U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act permit to obtain a third Beluga whale but to apply for a new permit. The lawsuit claimed that the federal govern- ment should have prepared a formal environmental impact statement or environmental assessment addressing the status of the Hudson Bay Beluga population prior to the acquisi- tion by Shedd. The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) had determined that these documents were unnecessary because the Beluga population is healthy, the take for public display is insignificant, and these documents do not apply to takings in the waters of a for- eign country. On 5 November 1990, the New England Aquarium, the Navy, and the NMFS reached an agreement with Citizens to End Animal Suffering and Exploitation, Inc. (CEASE) regard- ing the welfare of a male Botlenosed dolphin. The Aquarium will be looking at alternative facilities and CEASE has agreed not to oppose the transfer. The lawsuit claimed that the letters of authorization issued by the NMFS were invalid and that the exchange of two dol- phins between the Navy and the Aquarium required permits. >fromAAZPA Communique (Dec. 1990) Antarctica Protection Bill Becomes Law On 15 November 1990, President Bush signed H.R. 3977, The Antarctic Protection and Con- servation Act of 1990. This new law prohibits all Antarctic mineral resource activities by U.S. citizens and anyone subject to U.S. jurisdiction. H.R. 3977 also presses for the negotiation of new international agreements to indefinitely ban all Antarctic mining and provide comprehensive protection for Antarctica's fragile environment. The legislation urges all nations to consider a permanent ban on Antarctic mineral resource activities. Several other Antarctica bills stalled in committee and will be reintroduced during the 102nd Congress. These bills would provide greater protection for Antarctica and its wil- derness from less exploitative activities, such as tourism. One bill seeks to establish Ant- arctica as a world park. >from Sierra Club national news on EcoNet computer network 70 T^gislative News. Continued Nation's Largest National Marine Sanctuary On 16 November 1990, President Bush signed into law H.R. 5909, creating the largest national marine sanctuary in the U.S. The protected area, a 200 mile stretch of the Florida Keys, encompasses approximately 2,600 square nautical miles (3,500 square statute miles) and stretches from just south of Miami approximately 200 miles to the Dry Tortugas. Waters on both sides of the Keys are included, thereby protecting the contiguous United State's only complete tropical marine ecosystem, including seagrass beds, fringing man- groves, and spectacular coral reefs. In addition to simply granting protected status to the area, the bill mandates that over the next 30 months the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) develop a comprehensive management plan with specific regulations for the site. The only regula- tions that currently exist in the new sanctuary are a prohibition on oil and gas activities and restrictions on commercial vessel traffic. In addition, the bill requires the Environ- mental Protection Agency (EPA) and the State of Florida, in consultation with NOAA, to develop a water quality protection program to address sources of pollution that affect the sanctuary. >from the Center for Marine Conservation (Sanctuary Currents, FalllWinter 1990) & Coming Events AAZPA Regional Conferences for 1991 Southern Regional - 10-12 March, 1991. For more information contact Les Schobert, North Carolina Zoological Park, Route 4, Box 83, Asheboro, NC 27203 (919) 879-7000. Western Regional - 24-26 March 1991. For more information contact Sal Perkins, Wildlife Safari Park, P.O. Box 1600, Winston, OR 97469. (503) 679-6761. Central Regional - 7-9 April 1991. For more information contact Carol Eames, Tulsa Zoolgical Park, 5701 E. 36th St. North, Tulsa, OK 74115 (918) 596-2401 Northeastern Regional - 21-23 April 1991. For more information contact Tony Vecchio, Roger Williams Park Zoo, Roger Williams Park, Providence, RI 02905 (401) 785-9450 Ext. 80. Great Lakes Regional - 55-7 May 1991. For more information contact Greg Geise, Binder Park Zoo, 7400 Division Dr., Battle Creek, MI 49017 (616) 979-1351. Rhinoceros Biology and Conservation International Kliino Gfinference May 9-11, 1991 San Diego, CA Will include keynote speakers and papers on topic areas including: National/Regional Management Strategies; Creating Self-sustaining Populations; Reproduction; Systematics, Evolution, Genetics; Diseases and Nutrition; and Captive and Other Managed Populations. For further information contact: Oliver Ryder, 1991 Rhino Conference, Zoological Society of San Diego, P.O. Box 551, San Diego, CA 92112-3952 U.S.A. 71 Assistance Sought for Feline Papillae Research To all Feline Keepers and other interested parties: In May 1990, I initiated a research project involving observations on “Changes in the Papillae of the Feline Tongue”. This was inspired by the discovery that a leopard recently sent to our facility on breeding loan had no normal sharp protruding papillae on his tongue. Nothing in his health history from his original home indicated any cause for this and it was never noticed during any physical exams he had received there. After conferring with some domestic animal practice veterinarians, an exotic vet, and the Leopard Studbook Keeper, all felt this was an extremely unusual phenomena. With the approval of the Board of Directors of the Exotic Feline Breeding Compound (EFBC) in Rosamond, CA, the project was put together and the following was sent to approximately 265 zoos all over the world: 1) A letter explaining the project 2) A survey sheet (to be copied as many times as needed) 3) A photo of a normal feline tongue for reference. A deadline for return of completed forms was given as 30 September 1990. Within this time frame, only 18 zoos responded with sheets filled out on a total of only 74 cats, 40 of which I completed on cats residing at EFBC. Some sheets were not filled out correctly. A few zoos responded by telling me they could only observe tongues after the cat died. Most zoos that did participate filled out sheets correctly and some even included slides and photos of tongues. As 74 cats is only a very small percentage of the total captive population, my project appears to be dead in the water. There are still some surveys being returned to me after the deadline and these are being recorded and kept with all the others. I do want to thank those who participated. This year I had the privilege of attending the AAZK National Conference in New Orleans. I was able to speak to many feline keepers from zoos across the country. Some were keepers who had participated in my project and were sorry to hear about the lack of response. Others told me they had never been given the survey sheets sent to their facilities, but would have been more than happy to participate if the project had been made known to them. I am hoping that a direct appeal to those keepers and other interested parties who would like to participate through AKF might be the best approach. I will make the new deadline for returning survey sheets 30 May 1991. Any interested parties may contact me at the addresses provided on the survey sheet. Thank you. Patricia McNaught Exotic Feline Breeding Compound 72 FELINE PAPILLAE RESEARCH SURVEY SHEET -PLEASE FILL OUT ALL AREAS AS ACCURATELY AS POSSIBLE SCIENTIFIC NAME OF FELINE (include subspecies if known) BIRTHDATE Studbook ^ (if has one) ISIS^(ifhas) HOUSE NAME— HAND REARED MOTHER REARED ? UNUSUAL HABITS (fur pulling, licking or chewing inanimate objects, etc...) EXPLAIN METHODS (ifang) DONE TO ELEYIATE PROBLEM (Physical, chemical, mental?) WERE ANY SUCCESSFULL? (explai n) ANY TEETH PROBLEMS or MOUTH INJURIES (explain what and how treated) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF FELINES TONGUE (Check approplate boxes-use photo as a guide) HLaH papillae sharply pointed DjSome papillae not pointed HLaII papillae not pointed n.No papillae present PLEASE ANSWER ALL AREAS IF POSSIBLE. ALL INFORMATION IS PRIVATE. PLEASE MAIL SURVEY ANSWERS TO THE ADDRESS BELOW BY 30 MAY 1991. THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION! MAIL TO: Patricia McNaught c/o Exotic Feline Breeding Compound HCRl,Box 84 Rosamond, CA 93560-9705 Patricia McNaught (home address) HCR 3, Boxl77E Rosamond, CA 93560 (805) 256-3818 (home phone) 73 (liaison and Information Network for Keepers) Director for the LINK System: Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5. (204) 889-2919 {h}. Regional Coordinators Karin Newman, Milwaukee County Zoo, 10001 W. Bluemound Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226 for the State of Wisconsin Lee Williams, Detroit Zoo, P.O. Box 39, Royal Oak, MI 48068 for the State of Michigan Rick Smith (St. Louis Zoo) , 7417 Madge, Maplewood, MO (mailing address) (314) 781-8037 (h) for the State of Missouri Debbie Jackson, Little Rock Zoological Gardens, #1 Jonesboro Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205 for the State of Arkansas Wendy Davis, Lake Superior Zoo, 7210 Fremont St., Duluth, MN 55807 for the States of Minnesota & Iowa Elandra Aum, Woodland Park Zoo, 5500 Phinney Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98103 (206) 625-2244 [w] for the State of Washington Mike Ilhg, Washington Park Zoo, 4001 SW Canyon Dr., Portland, OR 97221 for the State of Oregon Joe Rindler, Columbus Zoo, 9990 Riverside Dr., Box 400, Columbus, OH 43065 for the States of Ohio & Kentucky Dan Powell, Potawatomi Zoo, 500 S. Greenlawn, South Bend, IN 46615 for the State of Indiana Joanna Bower, Lee Richardson Zoo, P.O. Box 499, Garden City, KS 67846 for the State of Kansas Carla Wieser, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo, 10th St. & Deer Park Blvd., Omaha, NE 68107 for the States of Nebraska and Iowa VACANCY for Middle California Celeste Northrop, San Diego Zoo, P.O. Box 551, SanDiego, CA 92112 for Southern California & Southern Nevada John Turner, Denver Zoo, City Park, Denver, CO 80205 for the States of Colorado and Utah Bruce Eneboe, Reid Park Zoo, 1100 S. Randolph Way, Tucson, AZ 85716 for the States of Arizona & New Mexico Jeanette Nadeau, Roger Willaims Park Zoo, Providence, RI 02905 or Mark Hofling, Bronx Zoo, 185th & Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10460 (212) 220-7115 [w] or Aan Baker, Burnet Park Zoo, 500 Burnet Park Dr., Syracuse, NY 13204 for the States of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Rhode Island & Connecticut Theresa Maas, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th & Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104 for the States of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Deleware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia Tami Ryf, Dreher Park Zoo, 1301 Summit Blvd., West Palm Beach, FL 33405 or Betty Grogan, Jacksonville Zoological Park, P.O. Box 26767. Jacksonville, FL 32218 for the State of Florida Fred Avey, Zoo Atlanta, 800 Cherokee Ave. S.E., Atlanta, GA 30315 for the States of Georgia & Aabama Michelle Herman, Jackson Zoological Park, 2918 West Capitol St., Jackson, MS 39209 for the States of Mississippi & Tennessee Ann Marie Greco, San Antonio Zoo, 3903 N.St. Mary's St., San Antonio, TX 78212 for the States of Texas & Louisiana Vicki Roth, W.J.H. Bird Resources, Inc. 2753 S. 56th St. W., Billings, MT 59106 for the States of Montana, Idaho and Wyoming Terry Male, Metro Toronto Zoo, Box 280, West Hill, Ontario, Canada MlE 4R5 (416) 392-5900 {w} for the Province of Ontario Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5 for the Provinces of Manitoba & Saskatchewan/States of ND,SD (204) 837-1635 [h] Chantal Routheir, Granby Zoo, 347 Rue Bourget, Granby, Quebec, Canada J2G 1E8 for the Province of Quebec Dean Treichel, Valley Zoo, Box 2359, Edmonton, Aberta, Canada T5J 2R7 (403) 483-5525 [w] for the Provinces of Aberta & British Columbia 74 Institutions wishing to advertise employment opportunities are asked to send pertinent data by the 15th of each month to: Opportunity Knocks I AKE, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Please include closing dates for positions available. There is no charge for this service and phone-in listings of positions which become available close to deadline are accepted. Our phone is 1-800-242-4519 (U.S.); 1-800-468-1966 (Canada). Our FAX is 913- 272-2539. ZOO ATTEND ANT. .Ammediaite opening with the Henry Vilas Zoo to perform duties necessary to the care and feeding of zoo animals and the cleaning and maintaining of zoo grounds, enclosures, and buildings. Other Zoo Attendant vacancies may also be filled from this advertisement. Normal schedule is 80 hours bi-weekly on a rotating basis, must be available anytime for emergencies. Requires two years' of substantial experience performing the full range of duties necessaiy to the care and feeding of a wide variety of large mammals. Two years of coursework in the biological sciences may be substituted for one year of experience. For this particular position, preference will be given for experience handling elephants and other large zoo animals. Driver’s license required. Starting hourly wage is $11.18 with further merit increases to $12.28. Excellent benefits. Anticipated exam: applications will be graded based on training and experience to select candidates for an oral exam. Recruitment ends at 4:30 p.m., Monday, 4 March, 1991. For job description and application contact: Dane County Employee Relations Office, Room 418, City-County Building, Madison, WI 53709. (608) 266-4123. An Affirmative Action Employer. The following three (3) positions are available at the Philadelphia Zoo. Resume should he sent to: Human ResourceSy The Philadelphia Zoo, 34th & Griard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104. The Zoo is an equal opportunity employer and encourages minority applicants to apply. REPTILE KEEPER...rec\\x\Tes a high school diploma or equivalent; minimum two (2) years' demonstrated experience with reptiles. Must successfully complete venomous snake handling training program within one (1) year of employment. Salary low 20's plus benefits. ELEPHANT KEEPER. ..rec(u.\res high school diploma or equivalent and two (2) years’ demonstrated experience in the handling/training of African/Asian elephants at a zoo or related facility. Degree in biology/related field preferred. Also responsible for the care of Indian rhinoceros and Malayan tapir. Salary low 20's plus benefits. PRIMATE KEEPER...reqp.\Tes a high school diploma or equivalent and a minimum of two (2) years' demonstrated experience with primates. Salary low 20's plus benefits. ANIMAL KEEPER...Tesponsih\e for daily care and feeding of mammals and birds. Also grounds maintenance. Salary open. Send resume to: Gettysburg Game Park, 320 Zoo Road, Fairfield, PA 17320. ELEPHANT SUPERINTENDENT. ..the Bowmanville Zoological Park Ltd. is seeking applications from candidates to manage and operate the “Elephant Conservation Centre”. Duties will involve the daily husbandry of African and Asian elephants. The presentation of elephant demonstrations and conducting elephant rides are additional duties of this position. The successful applicant will be involved in the ongoing reproductive and nutritional studies of this elephant herd. The salary for this position is dependent upon experience and qualifications. Please submit resume and references to: Michael Hackenberger, Director, Bowmanville Zoo, 340 King St., E., Bowmanville, Ontario, LlC 3K5, Canada. 75 Opportunity Knocks. Continued ZOOKEEPER /...requires one year of zookeeping experience with husbandry and training of domestic animals preferred. Salary $6-$7/hr. Deadline for application is 4 March 1991. Send resumes to: Richard M. Hurst, Director of Human Resources, Indianapolis Zoo, 1200 W. Washington St., Indianapolis, IN 46222. The following two (2) positions are available at the Caldwell Zoo, Tyler, TX, For either position send resumes /references to: Personnel Director, Caldwell Zoo, P.O. Box 4280, Tyler, TX 75712. REPTILE /AQUARIUM KEEPER /...responsibilities include the care, feeding, health/safety, exhibit maintenance and behavior observation of reptilians, amphibians, crocodilians and fresh water fish. Requires one year's experience with venomous reptiles and high school diploma/GED. Salary commensurate with experience, excellent benefits. REPTILE /AQUARIUM KEEPER //...responsibilities include supervisory duties, care, feeding, health/safety, exhibit maintenance, and behavior observation of reptilians, amphibians, crocodilians, and fresh water fish. Requires high school diploma/GED, a minimum of two year's experience with venomous reptiles and written/verbal/record keeping skills. Supervisory experience and degree in zoology or related field preferred. Requires four (4) years paid experience in related field. Salary commensurate with experience/education, excellent benefits. AAZK Publications Available AAZK Diet Notebook. Mammals. Vol. 1 ^contains approximately 325 diets representing 213 species and subspecies from fourteen participating institutions. The diets are arranged by taxonomic order using ISIS numbers in a durable and attractive three-ringbinder. Each Diet Response Form included in Volume 1 contains the following information: common name, scientific name, ISIS number, the contributing individual, their institution and its address, how long the diet has been used, whether the animals have bred while on the diet, the diet ingredients, instructions for preparation, notes and remarks, special considerations and nutritional analysis (if available). Cost is as follows: 1) AAZKMembers $40.00; 2) Non-members $55.00; 3) Institutions $70.00. These prices represent prepard order prices and include postage for the U.S. and Canada. Those placing orders from overseas should contact AAZK Administrative Offices for additional postage charges. Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery. Make checks payable to “AAZK Diet Notebook” (U.S. FUNDS ONLY). Zoonotic Diseases. 2nd Edition -this 40-page reference work details the most common zoonotic diseases, offers guidelines for preventive control and covers personal hygiene and disinfection procedures. Information on each disease is presented in a text format which includes Ethiologic Agent, Means of Transmission to Man, Global Dis- tribution, Alternate or Intermediate Hosts, Human Incubation and Human Symptoms. Editor of this volume is Bruce Clark of the Toledo Zoo. Prices are: 1) Professional Members $5.00; 2) Other AAZK Membership Categories $6.50; 3) Non-members $8.50. These prices include shipping and handling within North America. Orders outside of the U.S. and Canada should add $3.00 for foreign postage by Air Mail. Make checks payable to “AAZK” in U.S. FUNDS ONLY. Please allow 3-4 weeks for delivery. For either publication send complete mailing address and check or money order for correct amount to: AAZK, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 U.SA. ALL ORDERS MUST BE PRE-PAID 76 AAZK Membership Application Name check here if renewal [ ] Address City □ $30.00 Professional Full-time Keepers State/Province Zip — □ $25.00 Affiliate Other staff & volunteers □ $25.00 Associate Those not connected with an animal facility □ $20.00 Library Library subscription only Zoo Affiliation (if any) □ $40.00 Intemational All members outside U.S. & Canada regardless of category □ $50.00 or up Contributing or Institutional Individuals & Organizations Zoo Address Mail this application and check or money order (U.S. CURRENCY ONLY PLEASE), made payable to American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc., to : AAZK Administrative Offices, Topeka Zoo, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 U.S. A. Membership includes a subscription to Animal Keepers' Forum. The membership card is good for free admission to many zoos and aquariums in the U.S. and Canada. INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS Animal Keepers' Forum publishes original papers and news items of interest to the animal keeping profession. Non-members are welcome to submit articles for consideration. Articles should be typed or hand-printed and double-spaced. All illustrations, graphs and tables should be clearly marked, in final form, and should fit in a page size no greater than 6" X 10" (15cm X 25 l/2cm). Literature used should be cited in the text and in final bibliography. Avoid footnotes. Include scientific name of species (as per ISIS) the first time it is used. Thereafter use common name. Black and white photos only accepted. Articles sent to Animal Keepers' Forum will be reviewed for publication. No commitment is made to the author, but an effort will be made to publish articles as soon as possible. Lengthy articles may be separated into monthly installments at the discretion of the editor. The editor reserves the right to edit material without consultation unless approval is requested in writing by the author. Materials submitted will not be returned unless accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope. Telephone or FAX contributions of late-breaking news or last-minute insertions are accepted. However, long articles must be sent by U.S. mail. The phone number is (913) 272-5821 Ext. 31. FAX # is 913-272-2539. DEADLINE FOR EACH EDITION IS THE 15TH ■QF THE PRECEDING MONTH Articles printed do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Animal Keepers' Forum editorial staff or the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Publication does not indicate endorsement by the Association. Items in this publication may be reprinted providing credit to this publication is given and a copy of the reprinted material is forwarded to the editor. Reprints of material appearing in this journal may be ordered from the editor. PRINTED IN U.S A. ©1991 AAZK, Inc. fxi f-i a» Ul "Cl ri- 2". b ri r“ ^ U3 ru n- cr — ' O "5 "I 111 r-.i O B. O «n ■< Cl fO d:i O' r 5^ nimal iveepers Forum / March 1991 Dedicated to Professional Animal Care ANIMAL KEEPERS' FORUM. 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Editor-in-Chiefj Susan Chan Assistant Editor: Ron Ringer Mardil991 Volume Eighteen Number Three Animal Keepers' Forum (ISSN 0164-9531) is a monthly journal of the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc., 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Ten dollars of each membership fee goes toward the annual publication costs of Animal Keepers' Forum . Third Class postage paid at Topeka, KS. Postmaster: Please send address changes to: American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Administrative Offices, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Barbara Manspeaker, Administrative Secretary BOARD OF DIRECTORS Oliver Claffey, Metro Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada Frank B. Kohn, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC 20008 Janet McCoy, Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR 97221 Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo, Tucson, AZ 85716 President Vice President Immediate Past President COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSONS - PROTECT HEADS Conference-Book Committee Tim Kelly, Assiniboine Park Zoo Awards Committee Jan McCoy, Washington Park Zoo Book Review Coordinator Rick Emmer, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Staff.. Exchange Dale Frerking, Kansas City Zoo AAZK History Committee Rachel Rogers, San Diego Zoo International Affairs Coordinators - Mona Conservation. Preservation. Restoration Keener Training & Education (includes Library Resources, Reference Search, Program Library, and Keeper Training Materials) L.R/R.S. - Marilyn Cole, Metro Toronto K.T.M- VACANCY Eeseanch/Grants Committee Susan M. Barnard, Zoo Atlanta Public Education Committee Ellen Bradfield, Zoo Atlanta Keith, Calgary Zoo (east) Pam McDougall, Calgary Zoo (west) (CPRl Committee - Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo Animal Data Transfer Form Bemie Feldman, Bumet Park Zoo AAZK Liaison to AAZPA/IZE Brint Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. Keeper Accommodations List Heidi Manicki, Metro Toronto Zoo An Approach In Zookeeping Pat Sammarco, Santa Fe Teaching Zoo Zoo Infant Development Project Harmony Frazier-Taylor, Woodland Park Zoo AAZK Manual of Resources Elandra Aum, Woodland Park Zoo Exhibit Design Eorm Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo Public Relations Liaison Tim Kurkowski, Zoo Atlanta Membership Directory Administrative Office Staff Diet Notebook Susan Bunn Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. Biological Values/Gestation Toni Danzig, Greater S. F. Bay Area Chapter Legislative Advisor John Stoddard, Chicago, IL By-Laws Review Vacant Zoo/University List Mike Illig, Washington Park Zoo • Nominations & Elections David Luce, Fresno Zoo Zoonotic Diseases Notebook Bruce Clark, Toledo Zoo Keeper Training Videotape Production Coordinator - Vacant Order/Distribution Center at AAZK Administrative Offices in Topeka Liaisuu-and.. Information Network for Keepers (LINK) Coordinator - Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada printed on recycled paper The unusual but fascinating “animal” on this month's cover is an insect. More commonly known as the Chinese Preying Mantid (Tenodera ardifolia sinensis), it belongs to the insect Order Orthoptera (Mantodea, Mantidae) comprising 1,800 species divided into eight Families, better known as the ambush poredators, the Mantids. Preying mantids are among the largest insects measuring up to 150mm. The head swivels atop a long prothorax, which places mantids among the few insects with a distinct neck, permitting them to rotate the head 180°. Their diet is composed solely of insects, including their own kind. The females are notorious for decapitating and eating male suitors, but headless males are still capable of breeding several females. Egg cases or “oothecas” are laid in summer and fall and produce up to 300 young. Chinese Preying Mantids were introduced to North America from China as a garden predator in 1896. Thanks to William Blayney, Apprentice Zookeeper, Calgary Zoo, for this month's cover art! Scoops and Scuttlebutt AKF Survey Included This Month-Please FiU Out and Return There is a four-page survey on Animal Keepers' Forum included as a pull-out section in the center of this month’s issue. Please take a few minutes to fill it out and let us know your opinions on AKF. what you like and don't like, changes you'd like to see, etc. The AKF is vour professional journal and we want it to reflect what the membership wants to see published. Please return the survey no later than 30 April 1991 ffistorv Committee Needs Input on AAZlCs 25th Anniversary Book Attention AAZK Members! The AAZK History Committee is in the process of writing a book on the history of the AAZK and its committees, projects, services, etc. If you have any B<&W photos of what you consider vintage AAZK (if you have only color prints or slides, please have them converted to a B&W print before sending) or any suggestions for a catchy name for the book, please send them to: Rachel Watkins Rogers, CHAIR, AAZK History Committee, c/o San Diego Zoo, P.O. Box 551, San Diego, CA 92112. This anniversary book will be sold on a pre-order basis and at the 1991 AAZK Conference in San Diego - the birthplace of AAZK. It will be our 25th anniversary, so we are now one quarter century old and going stronger than ever. Any photos you wish to send will not be returned, so please make a copy. If you don't have a negative for the photo you may make what is called an intemegative at a photo processing store. We are asking that you do this for us in a efforet to reduce the costs to the Committee. I hope to have an interesting account of the past and bring you into the future with our projects that are presently in progress. This is the beginning of our project so let's all dig into our trunks, closets, etc. and contribute our treasurer. I know someone has a photo of the founders or conference functions from our past. The contributions you give now will help make a lasting and meaningful anniversary publication that will capture the essence of AAZK's first quarter century and can be used as a reference by future AAZK members. Many thanks, submitted by Rachel Rogers, History Committee Chair. Ac.CQmmQdations Offered for 1991 AAZPA Northeastern Regional Any keepers planning to attend the 1991 AAZPA Northeastern Regional (April 21-23) in Providence, RI and who would like to find accommodations with local keepers should contact Jeanette Nadeau of the Roger Williams Park Zoo AAZK Chapter. You may write to Jeanette c/o Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, RI 02905 or call (401) 467-9013 Ext. 80. Accommodation availability is somewhat limited, so if you are interested, please contact Jeanette ASAP. 77 Scoops & Scuttlebutt. Continued AAZK Awards $500 Research Grant/ Announces Grant AvailabiUtv The AAZK Research/Grants Committee proudly announces their award of $500.00 to Carla Marie Wieser, Head Keeper of the Black-footed ferrets at Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo. Carla's project concerns the correlation of testicular size to fecal steroid concentrations in the Black-footed ferret. Congratulation, Carla! AAZK is now awarding two $750.00 grants to keepers who are interested in pursuing a specific zoo-related research project. The deadline for 1991 submissions is 15 June 1991. No applications will be accepted for 1991 after that date. Anyone interested in submitting a proposal should address their application requests to: Sue Barnard/Chairperson, AAZK Research/Grants Committee, Zoo Atlanta-Dept. of Herpetology, 800 Cherokee Ave. SE, Atlanta, GA 30315. Proiect Head for KTMEP SoughtdRp^smnes Solicited AAZK Board member Janet McCoy has announced that the Association is seeking a new Project Head for the Keeper Training Materials Identification Project (KTMIP). The purpose of KTMIP is to aid zoological institutions and individuals wishing to devise or refine an existing keeper training program. To do this, manuals have been collected and catalogued and videotapes are being sought for the same purpose. The Project Head would solicit permission for the use of manuals and/or videotapes from their initiating institutions and keep a current list to be made available to those seeking such information. Laura Treschel, Minnesota Zoo, is the Manual Distributor for the KTMIP and requests for specific manuals should be addressed to her. Anyone interested in the position of Project Coordinator for the KTMIP should send a letter of interest and brief resume to: Janet McCoy, Washington Park Zoo, 4001 SW Canyon Road, Portland, OR 97221. APT Forms Availablg. UpfinEfiiaiiJSSt Animal Data Transfer Forms for zoos and aquariums are available free of charge upon request. This is a professional service provided by AAZK. Contact: Bernie Feldman, Burnet Park Zoo, 500 Burnet Park Dr., Syracuse, NY 13204. If your facility is not already using the ADT form, please encourage your administration to implement its use whenever an animal is shipped. Notice on 1990 New Orleans Conference Proceedings The Proceedings of the 1990 AAZK National Conference held in New Orleans have been mailed to all those delegates who paid full conference registration fees and to those members who ordered this publication through Administrative Offices. This year's Proceedings were produced in an 8 1/2 x 11 inch format and contain 174 pages of papers, charts, graphs and photographs. Twenty-eight papers are included. There are a limited number of extra copies available for purchase. The cost is $8.00 for AAZK members and $15.00 for non-member per book. Orders outside the U.S. and Canada need to add $4.00 to cover postage fees. Checks or money orders should be in U.S. FUNDS ONLY and made payable to AAZK. Send order to: AAZK Conference Proceedings, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 U.S.A. 78 Bowling for Rhinos Update The 1991 Bowling for Rhinos is well underway with over 30 zoos participating in this year's fundraiser. To help with your event we have a limited supply of promotional videotapes which highlight the 1990 Black Rhino capture. The '91 official sponsor sheets are due in from the printer any day and should be to your address by the first of the month. The Grand Prize offered by the Ngare Sergoi Support Group (NSSG) and the Craigs for the top two individuals who earn the most in sponsor money nationally will be a two- week trip to Kenya (from N.Y. to Nairobi) with accommodations as guests of Ian & Jane Craig at their ranch at Lewa Downs. Proceeds from the sale of NSSG T-shirts is financing the trip. As always, 100% of Bowling for Rhinos donations to the Support Group go for conservation. For further information contact: Nanci Pintavalli at (614) 766-6475. The following letter was faxed to the Ngare Sergoi Support Group, Ine. and forwarded on to our offices by Andy Lodge. 31/1/91 Kenya Wildlife Service PO Box 40241, Nairobi, Kenya KENYA WILDLIFE SERVICE The American Association of Zoo Keepers U.S.A. Dear Friends, I am informed by Ian Craig of Lewa Downs that you have most kindly undertaken to help raise financial support for the fencing of Kenya's Ngare Ndare forest. This is an extremely important elephant area and your assistance is both welcome and timely. We expect to fence over 4000 kilometres of forest area over the next five years and the Ngare Ndare project is especially critical at the moment. I thank you and all concerned most sincerely. Yours sincerely, R.E. Leakey Director 79 From the President, It is hoped that the planned AAZK Advisory Council will be in effect by April. It will be comprised of members who are cognizant of the ideals and structure of the Association. They will form a ‘task force’ which will work together to investigate the pros and cons of ideas solicited from the AAZK membership. The Council will present recommendations to the AAZK Board of Directors. As we look to the future, a cohesive effort is required by each and every one of us to help steer AAZK in the right direction. The Advisory Council will be under the oversight of the President who will serve to coordinate the Council, but will not affect its direction. Council members will be expected to attend the annual Board Meetings and present a report on their recommendations. Among issues to be addressed by the Council will be animal rights, conservation strategies and the financial/internal organization of the Association. ‘Bowling for Rhinos’ is almost here again. We had a great time bowling last year and raised a great deal of money for a very worthy cause. Please get involved again this year; it is one more way to show the world that Keepers Care! The annual mid-year Board Meeting in Topeka will be held April 29-May 1. Any members who have ideas or concerns that they would like us to discuss should contact their Regional Coordinator or any Board Member before April 15 so we can include them on our agenda. e/ Oliver Claffey AAZK President Tree Kangaroo Husbandry Notebook Now Available The following publications are now available from the Woodland Park Zoological Gardens. The cost includes postage (surface mail overseas orders). Checks should be made payable to the Woodland Park Zoological Society in U.S. Funds only. Mail your order to: Attn: Carolyn Anderson - Tree Kangaroo Project, Woodland Park Zoological Society, P.O. Box 31665, Seattle, WA 98103. Tree Kangaroo Husbandry Notebook (updated 1 2/90 and includes $20.(X) survey results) Tree Kangaroo Survey Results $10.00 When ordering the survey Results only, please indicate if you already have a notebook and the December 1990 update sheets will be included. V / 80 Coming Events Coral Reefs. Sharks and Iteef Fishes; Ckar Waters Issuer. April 27, 19991 Minneapolis, MN The Minnesota Zoo and Bell Museum will co-host this international symposium at the Bell Museum in Minneapolis. For further information, contact Sue Ellis-Joseph, Minnesota Zoo, 13000 Zoo Blvd., Apple Valley, MN 55124 (612) 431-9226. Rhinoceros Biology and Conservation Jfateraational May 9-11, 1991 San Diego, CA Will include keynote speakers and papers on topic areas including: National/Regional Management Strategies; Creating Self-sustaining Populations; Reproduction; Systematics, Evolution, Genetics; Diseases and Nutrition; and Captive and Other Managed Populations. For further information contact: Oliver Ryder, 1991 Rhino Conference, Zoological Society of San Diego, P.O. Box 551, San Diego, CA 92112-3952 U.S.A. International Australian LungfisKBEeMing Workshop May 9-11, 1991 Cleveland, OH For more information contact Dan Moreno, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, 3900 Brookside Park Dr., Cleveland, OH 44109 (216) 661-6500, FAX: 216-661-3312. Applying Behavioral Research to Zoo Animal Management June 8-15, 1991 Toronto, Canada Metro Toronto Zoo is host for this sixth annual workshop designed to give participants the skills and knowledge necessary to conduct and participate in behavioral studies and to apply information gained to day-to-day animal management. The workshop instructors are Dr. Michael Hutchins, Director of Conservation & Science, AAZPA and Dr. Jill Mellen, Conservation/Research Coordinator at the Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR. There are still some openings for this restricted-attendance workshop, so if you are interested, please contact: Marilyn Cole, 1991 Behavioral Workshop Committee Chairman, Metro Toronto Zoo, P.O. Box 280, West Hill, Ontario, Canada MIE 4R5. 1991 American AgSQdation..Qf Zc» Wteranians Annual Conference September 28"October 3, 1991 Calgary, Canada This year's meeting will feature a seminar on Zoo Dentistry on Saturday, 28 Sept. Other sections of the program include controversies in animal welfare, zoonotic aspects of infectious diseases, anesthesia, clinical pathology, environmental toxins in free-ranging wildlife, wildlife rehabilitation in zoos, and presentatons on medical/surgical problems of captive wild animals. Additionally, there will be a student paper competition, wet labs, and a poster session. Deadline for receipt of papers is 1 May 1991. For general conference or association information contact: Wilbur Amand, VMD, Executive Director, AAZV, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th St. & Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104, (215) 387-9094; FAX (215) 38708733. Individuals interested in participating in the program should contact William Foster, DVM, Louisville Zoo, P.O. Box 37250, Louisville, KY 40213; (502) 459-2181. AAZK Award Nominations Are Now Being Accepted for 1991! The AAZK Awards Committee would like to begin accepting nominations for the Certificate of Excellence in Exhibit Renovation (CEER) to be presented at the 1991 AAZK Conference in Toledo. The deadline for all award nominations is 1 June 1991. All award nominations received after 1 June will be reviewed for 1992, so please keep this in mind when submitting your nominations. All awards given by the AAZK do not have a minimum or maximum number offered each year. Also, if the nominees do not meet the qualifications and nominators do not follow the nomination procedures, they will not receive the award for which they were nominated. Please include scientific names of animals when they are included in the nomination of a special or outstanding breeding acknowledgment. Please submit all nominations to: Janet McCoy, AAZK Awards Chair Washington Park Zoo 4001 S.W. Canyon Rd. Portland, OR 97221 CERTIFICATE OF EXCELLENCE IN EXHIBIT RENOVATION (CEER) The American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. (AAZK) is the administering organization of the Certificate of Excellence in Exhibit Renovation (CEER) presented by the AAZK Awards Committee. The purpose of the award is to recognize institutions or organizations in the zoological community for the design and renovation of existing animal facilities which involved active keeper participation in the process. The character of the award includes; a certificate, letter of notification to the institution's director and national recognition by professional journals. Such journals include; the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums (AAZPA) and the Canadian Association of Zoological Parks and Aquarium (CAZPA) Newsletters. Animal Keeners' Forum (AAZK), Awards. Honors and Prizes: Volume 1; United States and Canada. The latter being published by Gale Research Company based in Wheaton, MD and found in medium to large sized libraries across the U.S. and Canada. The CEER was established by Janet McCoy, 1990 CHAIR. Bill Whittaker proposed the award to the AAZK Board of Directors. The award is presented at the annual AAZK National Conference. Qualifications; 1. Any North American zoological institution or organization is eligible. 2. The renovated exhibit must be in full operation for at least two years. 3. The exhibit must be nominated by a keeper at that same institution or organization. Supporting nominations may be submitted by management personnel from the same institution. Nommation Frogedms; 1. List institution or organization's name, address, phone and Director. 2. Document local awards or commendations for exhibit, drawings, 8X10 color photos - no slides (2 before and 8 after), and renovated exhibit type:single or multispecies, and size. 3. Document keeper participation in the design and why the existing facility was renovated. 82 CEER Award. Continued 4. Document interface with other zoo divisions; and maintenance of exhibit after completion. 5. The deadline for nominations is JUNE 1st of each year. NOTE; Materials will not be returned, but forwarded to the Exhibit Design Committee. Selection Procedure: The Awards Committee, consisting of 5 keepers, will independently review each nominee. Nominee Evaluation; The evaluation of each nomination is broken down into four categories based on the general guidelines outlined for the award. The four categories are: Keeper Involvement, Exhibit Functionality, Exhibit Management and Visitor Point of View/ Other Information. Items the committee is looking for are the following: A . KEEPER INVOLVEMENT: a) degree of keeper involvement with conceptual development of exhibit b) degree of keeper involvement with facilitation of completion of exhibit, (fund rasing, promotion, assist with construction) c) contribution to educational experience (graphics, conservation message) d) originality - is it something new and different, or has it been tried before B . EXHIBIT FUNCTIONALITY; a) versatility - indoor/outdoor, four seasons, protection from elements b) accommodates and encourages animal's natural behavior - climbing structures, land area, height, water c) hard (gunite, concrete) vs soft (grass, dirt) environments - as to animal needs d) sight lines valuable to animal as well as visitor - important to some animals (polar bear, chimps) e) physical and visual barriers for animal's use, animal safety f) flexible entrance/exits (hoofstock - more than one entrance) g) ability to exhibit natural social grouping h) breeding success C. EXHIBIT MANAGEMENT: a) how management of exhibit interfaces with other zoo divisions (grounds, maintence - simple repair, paint) b) keeper serviceability, overall maintence of exhibit and surroundings c) adequate drains and properly located d) quality and versatily of holding areas - ease of separating animals, moving, breeding, sick e) keeper sight lines - can you see animal when they come into holding or when shifting them between areas, keeper safety f) ease of providing time change items (browse, logs, feed, novel objects) g) environmental control (ease of seasonal adjustments - ventilation, heat) D . VISITOR POINT OF VIEW/OTHER INFORMATION: a) educational experience (conservation message) b) immediate and sustained viewer interest c) sight lines - not see doors, drains, fencing - does it have esthetics d) bonus point - local awards, commendation, "wow" factor e) include anything else pertinent to the renovated exhibit that you think is important 83 Births & Hatchings Roger Williams Park Zoo (Providence. RI))...since this is our first entry in this section of the Forum for quite some time, I would like to report on the B&H in our zoo for the past year. Our most significant birth was a 1.0 White-faced saki {Pithecia pithecia). Our Director of Research, Dr. Anne Savage, is presently conducting a study on our two troops of Sakis and was fortunate to record valuable behavioral information before and after the birth. Not much is known or recorded about these gentle primates and, since our Director, Tony Vecchio, holds the studbook for them, it is our responsibility and pleasure to continue with the project. Other notable births are 1.2 Parma wallaby {Macropus parma), for which our staff veterinarian. Dr. Julie Pelto, holds the studbook, and 0.2 Dwarf mongoose {Helogale parvula). The Dwarf mongooses are housed in a zookeeper designed and constructed exhibit along with von der Decken's hornbills {Tockus deckeni). The group of mongooses and hornbills have gotten along extremely well together and the mongoose births further prove the success of this new exhibit. Some firsts for our recently renovated Tropical America building include the hatching of 0.0.2 Blue-crowned motmot {Momotus momota) and 0.0.2 Jamaican mountain witch dove {Geotrygon versicolor). All of these hatchings occurred in the free flight aviary. And finally, after a year of patient, although sometimes frustrated waiting, our Emerald tree boa {Corallus caninus) gave birth to 0.0.14 young. This was a first for our zoo and also a first for our “new” herp keeper, Greg George (Congrats, Dad!). We are also involved in a head start program for Plymouth red-bellied turtles {Pseudemys rubriuentris bangsi) of which we currently have 0.0.9 hatchlings. We hope to continue to increase our herp collection and enjoy more success in the future, submitted by Jeanette Nadeau, Secretary, Roger Williams Park Zoo AAZK Chapter, Providence, RI. Hogle Zoological Gardens (Salt Lake Citv. UT)...Our hoofstock department had continued success with our Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) and Llama {Llama glama). Their biggest success this year, however, was the birth of 2.2 (1.0 DNS) Suni {Nesotragus moschatus akeleyi). We have them housed in a 10' x 20’ building with smoked glass to cut down on public disturbance when the animals are inside. There are two paddocks to which the tiny antelope have access. The larger and public viewable one is ovoid-shaped with a maximum radius of 15 feet. It has a hillock and valleys and is planted with grasses, trees and dead logs lying around to serve as hiding places. The second paddock is about 10' in diameter and is fenced so as to prevent public viewing. This is used to provide outside time with no public interference, as these little guys are nervous around anything new or unusual. Another first for the hoofstock department was the survival of 2.0 Ellipsis waterbuck {Kobus ellipsiprymnus). With our primates we had a couple of noteworthy births. In February, 1.0 Bornean orangutan {Pongo pygmaeus) was born. Unfortunately his mother died in July of internal complications. He is now being hand-reared here with a female infant from the San Diego Zoo. At this reporting they are doing wonderfully. One very big surprise in the primate area this year was the birth of a Black howler monkey {Alouatta caraya). We were not expecting this birth because of the age (19+ years) and condition of the parents (male has ventral spondylosis and doesn't get around very well). 84 Birth & Hatchings. Continued Other significant mammal births for us in 1991 were: 0.2.2 (0.0.2 DNS) Fennec fox {Fennecus zerda), 0.0.1 Springhaas {Pedetes capensis), 0.1 African crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) and 0.0.5 (1 DNS) Short-tailed fruit bat {Carollia perspicatta). These were all successfully raised by their parents. The bird department again was successful this year with 5.1 Lesser Magellan geese {Chleophaga p. picta) being raised. The reptile keepers had two firsts from their charges. They were successful in hatching and raising 0.0.3 Madagascar day geckos (Phelsuma madagascariensis ssp.). They also were proud to announce the birth of 0.0.1 Solomon Island skink (Corucia zebrata) on 23 December. This was most likely the result of a wild breeding as the female was a recent import, compiled and submitted by Stan Draper, Hospital & Bear Technician II, Hogle Zoological Gardens, Salt Lake City, UT. Philadelphia Zoo...the second half of last year (June-Dee 1990) was quite busy here at Philadelphia Zoological Garden (PZG) as far as B&H were concerned. The highlights for us during this time were: Reptiles: the highlights of the reptile house's successes are 0.0.6 Red Cat-eyed snake (Boiga nigriceps). This is possibly the first hatching of this species in captivity. The hatching of 0.0.2 Oxybelis sp. (an undescribed species of vine snake) was also exciting. This is a new species of snake and it is the first reproduction of the whole genus in captivity. Birds: our bird dept, was very successful with the hatching of 0.0.3 Hermit ibis (Geronticus eremita) We are one of the few zoos that are working with this rare species of bird. We also hatched a total of 0.0.7 Guam rails (Rallus owstoni). These are hatched for reintroduction on the island of Rota, Mariana Islands. Mammals: there were twin (1.1) Nilgiri tahr (Hemitragus hylocrius) born. According to the studbook keeper, this is the first record of twins being produced by this species. Unfortunately, they did not survive. At the same time our other adult female gave birth to 0.1. This was our first female offspring to survive. This same mother later gave birth to premature twins that DNS. Our Short-eared elephant shrew {Macrocelides proboscideus) program is coming along with the birth of 4.7 offspring in the last seven months. We were surprised by the birth of 2.2 Warthogs (Phacochoerus aethiopicus). We did not know that breeding had occured prior to the arrival of the female to PZG. These youngsters are second generation captive born. Unfortunately 1.1 DNS. There wasl.O Matchie's tree kangaroo (Dendrolagus matschiei) born, a first breeding for this species at PZG. Unfortunately it was found outside the pouch at four months and attempts to put it back failed and it DNS. The pair is now showing signs of interest in breeding again. We had 0.0.1 Giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) born. Even though we've had this species here in the past, this is the first time we've had any offspring. The adults are on loan from the San Diego Zoo. Our Naked mole rat (Hetercephalus glaber) group is doing very well and at this time we now have 46 individuals in five colonies. We had four litters produced between June and December 1990. Because of our success with the Naked mole rats, we have received 7.13 Palestine mole rats (Spalax ehrenbergi) from Tel Aviv for the development of a husbandry protocol. This is in association with researchers at Monell Chemical Senses Center. submitted by Beth Schwenk, Chapter Liaison, Philadelphia Zoo AAZK Chapter, Philadelphia, PA. 85 Birth & Hatchings. Continued Metro Toronto Zoo...we were very busy this past summer with several significant births. In May, our female Lowland gorilla {Gorilla g. gorilla) Jo gave birth to a male infant named Jabari. Because the infant was suffering from pneumonia and a calcium deficiency, it had to be removed from its mother and put under a 24 hour watch for several months. Jabari is now doing well and getting bigger everyday. In December, he was joined by Patrick, a 1.0 gorilla from the Bronx Zoo. Patrick is a son of Barney, another of Metro Toronto’s gorillas which is on loan to the Bronx zoo. Both babies are doing fine and are now watched for 16 hours each day. In early summer we had a gift of a 1.0 Moose {Alces americana) which was believed to have been abandoned. The moose was subsequently being hand-raised by a woman in Ontario and she donated it to the zoo. What a problem - it seems that this moose would only nurse from a goat, standing on a box. Twice daily and several goats later, our moose is now back to being a normal moose. Later on the zoo received a baby 1.0 Otter {Lutra canadensis). This lucky otter was rescused from a red-tailed hawk. After receiving the royal treatment from the staff, the otter has now claimed the Metro Toronto Zoo as his own - with a daily walk around the zoo with his keeper and on some days, he gets to travel as a special guest to schools and on other outings. October was a happy and a sad month. Heidi, our 0.1 Giraffe {Giraffe camelpardalis) gave birth to a 1.0 offspring. Three days later, Heidi died. Now came the very time-consuming task of hand-raising the baby. Several months later, after long hours of work, the little female giraffe is well and enjoys being out in the fresh air on exhibit. Later in the season we had the surprise birth of 1.1 African lion cubs {Panthera leo) and the birth of a 1.0 Cheetah {Acinonyx juhatus). In November 0.1 Gorilla Samantha gave birth to a 0.0.1 infant. From the first she has raised her baby well on exhibit and is with the rest of the gorillas. Both mom and baby are doing fine, submitted by Neil Porter, Chapter Liaison, Metro toronto Zoo AAZK Chapter. Bronx Zoo. ..in the Mammal Dept. 0.0.1 Gkieldi's monkey {Callimico goeldii) was born in January. The breeding pair, which was acquired from the San Diego Zoo, is currently off -exhibit. The quieter quarters seemed to help in the breeding pair's success. One of the newer additions to our holding area is 1.0 Prehensile-tailed porcupine {Coendou prehensilis). Previously used by the Education Dept, he is doing quite well adjusting to his new surroundings and diet. 0.0.1 Douroucouli {Aotes trivirgatus) was born at the World of Darkness back in December. Our breeding pair has produced two offspring in 1990. Hopefully our two newly introduced pairs will be as successful. At Jungle World, 0.0.2 Silver langurs {Presbytis cristatus) were born, one at the end of December and one in early January. This brings the total number of our troop up to 18. The bright orange youngsters are easy to spot on exhibit among the more mature monkeys. A female Malayan tapir {Tapirus indicus) was also born here on New Year's eve. This was the third birth for our female who has been on exhibit in Jungle World since the building's opening in June of 1985. The youngster weighed 16 lbs at two days of age. She made her debut on exhibit for the press in mid-January. In the Bird Dept. 0.0.1 Red bird of paradise {Pardisaea rubia) hatched on 7 January. This is the first of this species born in 1991 and adds to the successful breeding program developed for them. 3.1.1 Malayan peacock pheasants {Polyplectron m. malacense) were received from Malaysia to introduce new genes into the North American population. Over the past 20 years, 170 chicks have been reared as a result of our successful breeding program. 0.1 Rothchild's peacock pheasant {Polyplectron inopinatum) was also received from Malaysia. This bird will be joining 3.2 other Rothchild's is an attempt to begin a breeding program for this endangered pheasant. So far the Bronx Zoo and a few private collectors hold the only representatives of this species in North America. 86 Birth & Hatchings. Continued The Reptile Dept, had the following significant hatchings to report: 0.0.1 South African speckled tortoise of Padloper (Homopus signatus) hatched in early January. This was a first hacthing for the Bronx Zoo. submitted by Peter Psillas, Chapter Liaison, Bronx Zoo AAZK Chapter; Bird section submitted by Doug Piekarz, Vice Pres, Bronx Zoo Chapter. Denver Z00...B&H from June-Dee. 1990 - a very important addition came to Denver's Black rhino (Diceros bicornis) program on 3 October 1990. It was the first birth for Onyx and George, the second pair of successfully breeding rhinos at the zoo's facility. Most importantly, the calf Kwanza, meaning “first born” in Swahili, was the first 3rd generation Black rhinoceros born in North America. Kwanza was considerably underweight for a calf of this species, 66.5 lbs. Yet, under the exceptional care of her mother. Kwanza gained approximately 11.5 lbs. per wek. At roughly 3 1/2 weeks of age. Kwanza lost interest in nursing along with other symptoms of shaking and head pressing. She became increasingly disoriented with her surroundings which included constant crying and an unusual behavior of circling to the left. During this time Onyx continued to care for Kwanza but she became agitated and nervous with the calfs behavior and vocalizations. At this point, the calf had not nursed for approximately 17 hours and it was vital for her to receive fluids. Kwanza was pulled from her mother on 25 Oct. and taken to the hospital for analysis. It was determined roughly that she might have an infection of the brain. Breathing was labored and shallow. Nutrition came in the form of forced-tube feedings five timex a day. Kwanza underwent a series of CAT scans and a spinal tap trying to determine the exact nature of the infection. Unfortunately, these tests only ruled out Hydrocephalia. Encephlomalyasia was still a major concern. Kwanza finally accepted a bottle after two long weeks and gained 1/2 to 1 lb. per day. We started out with an initial formula from the Cincinnati Zoo, but then switched to a rhino milk formula that Purina™ came up with for a calf at the London Zoo. Kwanza continued to improve with antibiotics and the formula. Eventually, the antibiotics were discontinued due to a constant source of diarrhea that was thought to be caused by the natural flora of the intestine being wiped out. To counterbalance this we gave Kwanza daily “shit shakes” of her formula and Onyx's feces to reinhabit the intestinal tract. At this point. Kwanza was making great strides in recovery. She could focus on objects and people, run and exercise outside a little and continued to eat heartily. In January, she came down with Salmonella and it looked like all our progress was in danger. But, I am happy to report that again she has bounced back and continues to thrive. As of this report she is at 136 lbs. She can be seen daily charging up and down the halls of the hospital and outside in the yard, snorting and generally carrying on. Kwanza truely is in every sense a miracle to all of us. It has been a great experience being a part of hand- raising such a unique species as the Black rhino, compiled by Christine Bobko, Primary rhino relief keeper. Hoofstock - 0.1 Lesser kudu (Trapelaphus imberbis) was born in December. The Denver Zoo is one of only four institutions in North America to house this species. There is an approximate total of only 30 individuals at all four facilities, compiled by Karen Stern Primates - our one summer birth , in July, was that of a 1.0 Hooded capuchin (Cetus apella cay). In Sept, a male Pale headed saki (Pithecia pithica) was born. The two births recorded for November were another Pale headed saki (as yet unsexed) and a male White-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) which is an SSP species. Our only December birth was that of a Cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). compiled by Penny Smith (Denver B&H submitted by G. Suzanne Chacon) Houston Zoo AAZK...renorts these B&H for May through October 1990. The Small Mammal House has enjoyed continued success with its various species of bats with the births of 0.0.1 Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus) and 0.0.2 Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus 87 Birth & Hatchings. Continued aegyptiacus). The primates at Small Mammals have also done well. 0.1 Ring-tailed lemur {Lemura catta) and 1.0 Lesser galago {Galago senegalensis) were born in June. Both were raised by their mothers. Also born were Pygmy marmoset {Callithrix pygmea) triplets - 1.1 survived and were parent-reared; the third died at six days. This was also a good period for our Reptile Dept, woth the birth of 0.0.14 Horned viper {Bitis caudalis). This species is seldom bred in captivity. 0.0.4 Mandarin rat snake {Elaphe manderina) were hatched as well. This is only the second captive breeding for this species and is a first for our zoo. Births occurred in two species of Ungaliophis, with 0.0.2 Guatamalen dwarf boa {U. continentalis) and 0.0.5 Panamanian wood snake {U. panamensis), the latter being the first captive breeding. The female Panamanian wood snake has been in our collection since 1969. A male was acquired in 1982, but was eaten by the female. A second male was acquired in 1990, and this time mating occurred on their first day together. This is the only adult pair known in captivity, so needless to say thay have not been left together unsupervised. 0.0.6 Rowleys palm viper (Bothriecus rowleyi) were born in May. This snake is very rare in the wild and has a very restricted range. These significant hatchings are reported by our Bird Dept: 0.0.4 Beecheys jay (Cissilopha beechi), 0.0.2 Goldies lorikeet (Trichoglossus goeldi) and 0.0.6 Layson teal {Anas platyrhynchos) hatched in May. The Layson teal is an endangered species. In July 0.0.1 Victoria crowned pigeon {Goura victoria), 0.0.1 Plush crested jay {Cyanocorax chrysops), 0.1 Greater currasow {Crax rubra) and 0.0.1 Crax pauxi were hatched. C. pauxi is the most endangered of the Currasows. Both Currasow chicks were raised by domestic brood hens. In September 0.0.2 Violaceous touraco {Musaphaga violacea), 0.0.4 Goldies lorikeet, 0.0.3 Sun bittern {Eurypyga helias) and 0.0.2 Pink pigeon {Columba mayeri) were hatched. The Pink pigeon is also an endangered species. These chicks were hand-raised. There were six hatchings in our group of Chilean flamingos {Phoenicopterus chilensis) during this period as well, five in May and one in July. June saw the birth of 0.1 Black and white colobus monkey {Colobus guereza kikuyensis). This was the second infant born to this female who did not care for her first offspring which DNS. This time she was isolated from the male and female (her grandmother) with whom she is housed. After initially paying no attention to the infant, she began to carry the baby, usually upside down. It was a difficult birth and she slept most of the next week. This gave baby time to nurse and mother time to learn how to hold her. Later she was put back with the group and mother and infant did fine. 1.2 African lionas {Panthero leo) were also born in June - 0.1 on 10 June, and 1.1 on 13 June - all from the same female! All three were reared by their mother and did fine. submitted by Steve Howard, Chapter Liaison, Houston Zoo AAZK Chapter, Houston, TX. Publications Available International Entomology Resource Guide (Third Edition) now available. Completely revised and updated, this resource guide includes over 550 businesses and organizations offering collecting equipment and supplies, insect traps, insect pins, collection storage equipment, rearing equipment and supplies, microscopes, laboratory equipment and supplies, insect displays, gifts and novelty items, consultants, tours and vacations for insect collecting, illustrators and photographers, preserved arthropod specimens, insect livestock, books, publications, audio-visuals, software and all types of educational materials. It also includes worldwide listing of insect zoos, butterfly houses, and entomological organizations. Send U.S. $7.95 (foreign orders add $2.95 for airmail delivery) to the Young Entomologists' Society, 1915 Peggy Place, Lansing, MI 48910-2553. SraCTRUM Quality exotic animal diets Nutritionally balanced Fixed formulation • Economical When you need a complete line of high-quality dry and frozen animal diets for your feeding program, call Animal Spectrum. NEBI h 1 SPECTRUM BROOD-RITE HEATERS Frozen feline diets Frozen bird of prey diets Frozen canine diet Chunk and chopped horsemeat, hearts, livers, rib, shank, knuckle bones, and tailbones Banana flavored primate, 15% protein dry Banana flavored primate, Pro-Plus 25% protein dry Leaf Eater primate dry Omnivore dry Llama Vitamins & Minerals dry Polar Bear dry Marmoset/Tamarin dry Ratite dry Hoof stock supplement, with Selenium dry Bulbless heaters— nothing to break Safe around all animals and bedding material. Even heat distribution in 240, 500, or 750 watt ages. GENTLE TOUCH^^ bedding One call does It all FREE 1-800-228-4005 FAX 308-534-7015 Animal Spectrum, Inc. P.O. Box 721 North Platte, NE 69103-0721 AAZK Announces New Professional/Contributing Members Geri Del Priore, L.I. Game Farm (NY) Raymond Bamrick, Pittsburgh Zoo (PA) Sharon Cisneros, Greenville Zoo (SC) Brad Lewis, Private Collector (FL) Laura Reynolds, Discovery Island (FL) Victoria Sikorski, Discovery Island (FL) Lisa Danforth, Discovery Island (FL) Joseph M. Gomez, Discovery Island (FL) Morris Gudger, Discovery Island (FL) Mary Kay Moshier, Silver Springs Attract. (FL) Deborah A. Scott, Discovery Island (FL) Gwen Woodard, Knoxville Zoo (TN) Elizabeth C. Mack, Memphis Zoo (TN Cathy Smith, Toledo Zoo (OH) Deanne De Myer, John Ball Zoo (MI) Karen Lauck, Milwaukee County Zoo (WI) Tom Riehle, Sunset Zoo (KS) Kathleen Oria,Houston Zoo (TX) Sherri Blumer, Houston Zoo (TX) Susan Murdock, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Arlene Lettau, Los Angeles Zoo (CA) Christina Hamlin, San Diego Zoo (CA) Phoenix Lindgren, San Diego WAP (CA) Lisa Conklin, Charlie Paddock Zoo (CA) Kevin Moore, Salmonier Laura Wachob, Burnet Prk Zoo (NY) Michael Finley, Virginia Zool. Prk (VA) Brian Kiepper, Zoo Atlanta (GA) Mark Lewis, Discovery Island (FL) Donald Speegle, Discovery Island (FL) Herry E. Beilin, Discovery Island (FL) Steve Sorenson, Discovery Island (FL) Laura J. Sutton, Discovery Island (FL) Michelle Roll, Busch Gardens (FL) Sabra Schwartz, Sea World of Florida (FL) Kevin Dillon, Grassmere Wildlife Prk (FL) Laura D. Ellison, Knoxville Zoo (TN) Janet Luginbuhl, Toledo Zoo (OH) Jessica Jozwiak, Humane Soc. of Macomb (M James Klinesteker, John Ball Zoo (MI) Patricia McCourt, Int'l Crane Found. (WI) Karen Bottorff, Caldwell Zoo (TX) Alberto Mendoza, Houston Zoo (TX) Jerry Lee Fischer, San Antonio Zoo (TX) Debbie Evers, Phoenix Zoo (AZ) Mike Maxcy, Los Angeles Zoo (CA) Karen L. Barnes, San Diego Zoo (CA) Margaret Reber, Santa Barbara Zoo (CA) Becky Anderson, High Desert Museum (OR) ure Park, Newfoundland New Contributing Members Dr. William E. Britz, Jr., Research Equipment Co., Bryan, TX Renewing Contributing Members Tony Vecchio, Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, RI Michael S. Light, Zoo America Wildlife Park, Hershey, PA National Zoological Park Library, Washington, DC Friends of the Zoo, Greenville Zoo, Greenville, SC AAZK Administrative Offices 1-800-242-4519 (U.S. Only) 1-800-468-1966 (Canada) FAX 913-272-2539 90 Book Review Comparative Behavior of African Monkeys Edited by Evan L. Zucker, 1987 Monographs in Primatology, Vol. 10 Alan R. Liss, Inc. New York, NY. 239 pgs. Hardback. Price: $49.50 Review By Michael Seres Primate Care Tech. Ill Yerkes Primate Res. Ctr. Field Station, Emory Univ. Lawrenceville, GA When I first read the title: “Comparative Behavior of African Monkeys”, my blood pressure rose. Numerous questions were rushing through my mind: Is is true? Has someone done what we were waiting for for so many years? Has someone really written (edited) a book that includes all the major groups and species of the African monkey? Looking at the slim volume however, I kept telling myself: “No! It cannot be.” I opened the book and browsed through the contents, I was right. I felt disappointed. The book contains ten chapters and deals mainly with social behavior of several species in a captive environment in the USA and Puerto Rico. Don't judge the book by the title! The opening chapter (by Erwin and Zucker) is a literature survey of behavioral studies over a five-year period from the Current Primate References, a prestigious monthly publication by the Primate Information Center in Seattle, WA. The authors point out: “For the five-year period, studies of the behavior of macaques accounted for 55% of the total for Old World Monkeys, baboons. ..19% and Cercopithecus...l3% of the total. Only the Macaca syluana represents the genus Macaca in Africa, so the 55% data cannot be taken into consideration if the title of the book really meant to talk about the comparative behavior of the African monkeys. The conclusion of this chapter is that the African monkeys are significantly understudied in comparison to Asian monkeys during the analyzed five-year period. The next three chapters are excellent presentations, dealing with the ontogeny of social behavior of Patas, De Brazza and Vervet monkeys. In Chapter 2 (by Loy and Loy) Patas monkey infants were observed in an outdoor corral at the Carribean Primate Research Center in Puerto Rico. Their findings tell us that the mother-daughter relationship becomes much stronger than the mother-son relationship. Young males develop a degree of unisexual attraction that leads to ultimate emigration. This information should be taken into consideration in captive management. In Chapter 3 (by Kirkevold and Crockett) behavior of a captive group of De Brazza monkeys is analyzed. Focusing on the infant's social development and compared to other Cercopithecinae species, they point out that the Cercopithecus neglectus shows the most rapid development similar to Vervets. Because the De Brazza monkeys form a monogamous social structure in the wild, sometimes aggression forces the adult subordinates into emigration. In captivity, it suggested keeping an eye on growing subordinates, and even removing them before fights and injuries might occur. 91 Book Review. Continued In Chapter 4 (by Bramblett and Coelho), I think there is a problem with the method of comparison of age-related changes in rates of aggression among Sykes monkeys, Vervet monkeys and Savanna baboons. The baboons were separated from their mothers at the age of three months and raised in peer groups. Another group of baboons were removed from their mothers at birth, and were human reared. Then 90 days later they were introduced into one of the peer groups. The result, to my view, is very obvious: significantly higher levels of aggression compared to the Sykes and Vervets that were reared and lived in naturalistic groups, a very different environment. The next four chapters deal with Patas, Rhesus and Vervet monkeys. In Chapter 5, Clark et al examine the use of space by young Green and Patas monkeys in captive environments. These two species live simpatrically in many places in their natural habitat in Africa, and are often found in close proximity. These two species are the most terrestrial in the Cercopithecus - Macaca - Erythrocebus genus group. The study shows that juvenile Patas monkeys were found on the ground and outdoors, while Greens stay mostly off the ground. Under stress and extreme temperatures however, the spatial separation diminishes. In the next chapter, Zucker takes us to the 36-hectare island of Guayacan in Puerto Rico where he studied interspecies interactions in a large group of free-ranging Patas and Rhesus monkeys. The 56 members of the Patas troop were released in 1974. Interestingly, the Rhesus monkeys, about 100 individuals, migrated (probably by swimming) from the nearby island of Lacueva. The two islands are separated by approximately 305 meters of shallow water. Zucker notes that a number of interspecific agonistic encounters were observed between the two species. They were usually initiated by adult male Rhesus monkeys. Also, lower ranking female Patas monkeys initiated more agonistic interactions with male Rhesus than with higher ranking female Patas monkeys. The majority of the agonistic interactions were of a noncontact nature. Injury was observed only on one occasion during the two-month study period. In Chapter 7, Kaplan provides an excellent comparison of dominance and affiliation behaviors between Patas, Rhesus and Vervet monkeys, picked from four studies in different locations. In his conclusion he points out three major differences in the behavioral characteristics of the Papionini and the Cercopithecini species: 1) limited social roles of males; 2) the nature of hierarchical relationships; 3) the relatively precocial infants at birth. We can find out more about the Patas monkeys social behavior in Chapter 8 (again by Zucker) in a comparison with Rhesus, Sykes, and Allen's swamp monkeys. Zucker asks a question: “Who does what to whom?” and he analyzes and then compares the grooming, alloparenting and agonistic interactions between these monkey species. Old World monkeys and Apes are not “estrus cyclers” states Loy in Chapter 9, and should no longer be mentioned as such. Sex is not as tightly controlled by hormones as it is at the prosimian level, but becomes more situation dependent. The female sexuality is divided into three aspects or categories: attractiveness, proceptiidty and receptivity. Cercopithecoid and Ape females are not continuously receptive throughout the menstrual cycle, but may copulate during pregnancy and lactation, in their infertile phase. The 10th and final chapter by Bloomstrand and Maple is a review - a very useful paper from the captive management point of view. They summarize the available data based on captive and field studies. They point out social and spatial arrangements that should be taken into consideration to facilitate captive breeding of Patas, Vervet, Blue, and Sykes monkeys, Talapoins and De Brazza monkeys. This chapter is a good reference of comparative behavior of these monkeys. Although I expected more information just by looking at the title of the book, I found most parts useful and interesting. I recommend the book for those who want to know more about the comparative behavior and social organization of monkeys. 92 1991 National AAZK Conference 'f m $266.00 per person (double occupancy) -includes: round trip transportation 2 ni^ts accommodation 2 lunches 1 dinner “Fee due by 15 July, 1991 Departure: Saturday, 12 October, 1991, 7:00 aon. Return: Monday, 14 October, 1991, 7:30 p jn. **Proof of citizenship is required on this trip** This month's clue: Hurry! Get your money in now! This trip is limited to 80 people! HOTEL REGISTRATION REQUEST 1991 National AAZK Conference October 6-11, 1991 Toledo, Ohio i # a A ^ ■\\oujAcx^ 2429 South Reynolds Rd. Toledo, Oh 43614 • (419) 381-8765 Name — — — — Address — City Stat^ProviiiTO Zip/Postal Code — Telephone# ( ) Arrival Date , , , Qiedk-out Date ■ — — Boom guaranteed bjc Masterraird VISA American Ejqjre^ Credit Card # Expiration Date OR — — Check for one night's lodging (make check payable to Holiday Inn Southwyck). A 72-hour cancellation is required for a deposit refund. Accommodations Requested: Standard Room (1-4 persons) $58.00 Exmitive Tower (1-4 persons) $68.00 — . I wiU be sharing a rcx>m with - Check-in time is 3:00 p.m.. Check-out time is 11:00 a.m. For additional information, please call the Holiday Inn Southwyck at (419) 381-8766, Reservation deadline is 15 Sgpt^mbgrl991. Thank you. Return this form to; HOLIDAY INN SOUTHWYCK 2429 Soutii Reynolds Road Toledo, Ohio 43614 ANIMAL KEEPERS' FORUM SURVEY To help the AKF editorial stafPbetter meet the needs and desires of the membership throng the journal, we would appreciate your filling out the following questionnaire and returning it to us hv 30 April 199L Your input wil help us determine both future content and format changes. Use extra paper if necessaiy. Thank you for your cooperation. 1. How long have you been a keeper? a.l-5yrs b.6-10yrs • c. 11-15 yrs d. 16-20 yrs e. over 20 yrs If you are not a keeper, what is your position? 2. How long have you been reading AKF? (please circle response) a. less than 1 year b. 1-5 yrs c. 6-10 yrs d. 11-15 yrs e. over 15 yrs 3. In what state/province/country is yoiu* facility located? 4. Do you read your monthly ^XF? a. Always b. Sometimes c. Never 5. Of the numerous regular and semi-regular sections of AKF. how do you rate the frequency with which you read the following: (Please circle response) Always Scoops and Scuttlebutt 1 Births & Hatchings 1 Coming Events 1 Chapter News 1 Book Reviews 1 Legislative News 1 Information Requests 1 Keeper's Alert 1 Opportunity Knocks 1 Viewpoint 1 From the President 1 LINK System Memos 1 Other 1 Sometimes Never 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 6. Information on upcoming AAZK Conferences is published in pull-out inserts in AKF. Do youfind this format convenient and useful to you? YES NO Do you think enou^ information is provided on conferences? YES N O If NO, please let us know what kinds of conference information you would like to see. 7. Do you feel there is enou^ information in AKF about what is happening in AAZK to keep you informed about your association? YES NO If NO, please let us know what kinds of information you would like to see about AAZK. 8. Because we are an open forum for aU keepers, there is always some variation in the professional levels and style of information provided in articles in AKF. Some articles tend to be more research-oriented while others are on more general husbandry topics. Which type of article would you prefer to read more often in vour AKF? Research ( ) Husbandly ( ) Please elaborate below: 9. It has been proposed that AKF print General Husbandry articles and publish detailed Research Papers in a separate publication, for example the yeaiiy Conference Proceeding^. Would you be in favor of this? YES NO Please comment below: lOWould you favor the establishment of a Review Committee to help in the review process of technical articles? YES NO U. If you could change any part of AKF. what would you change and why? 12. Are you satisfied with the present front cover drawings on 4ICF2. YES NO If answer is NO, please tell why and offer any alternatives you might like. 13. How would you rate the job being done by the editors in putting together tbe AKF and in covering topics of interest to the membership? Formatting of AKF Excellent Good Fair Poor Contents of AKF Excellent Good Fair Poor 14. Please add any further comments about the present state and future possibilities for AKF Please return surveys bv 80 April 1991 to: AKF Survey/ AAZK 635 Gage Blvd. Topeka, KS 66606 Please staple or tape closed before mailing 1991 AAZK Conference Registration Form October 6-11, 1991 Toledo, Ohio PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT (one name only per form please) Name Address City State/Province Zip/Postal Code Telephone# (___) Zoo Affiliation AAZK Committee Member Is this your first AA23K Conference? YES NO How many attended? I will be submitting a paper YES NO ($25.00 will be refunded from registration fee upon acceptance of paper) Participating in Zoolympics? YES NO I am bringing an auction item YES NO Vegetarian YES NO Please specify type I am interested in a Conference T-shirt? YES NO ( S M L XL ) ARRIVAL date and time: AAZK membership status and fees: Member or Spouse $70.00 Non-member $85.00 Late Fee $10.00 (after 1 September 1991) Total fees enclosed $ PLEASE NOTE that registration fee DOES NOT include the Conference Proceedings. Information on how the Proceedings will be handled for 1991 will be published later. Registration Fee DOES include ALL LUNCHES during the week. Daily rates for individual events are available. Contact Wayne Carpenter- Days (419) 385-5721 Evenings (419)874-9913 Please make cdiecks payable to: Toledo Zoo Chapter AAZK Return this form with fee to: Toledo Zoo AAZK Chapter, Conference '91, 2700 Broadway, Toledo, OH 43609 The 17th National AAZK Conference an “Open Forum for the Future” Toledo '91 Come to Toledo prepared to confront some of the mgjor issues facing the animal care profession and our organization! A number of major animal rights organizations including the U. S. Humane Society, P.E.T.A., Animal Welfare Institute, ZooCheck, etc. have expressed their eagerness to participate in our forum on animal rights Wednesday, 9 October. It is our hope that this forum will be the beginning of a continuous dialogue between our profession and the animal rights people. We need to hear hx>m you too. If you have an opinion, and I know many of you do, please submit a paper for presentation. Send to: Bill Whittaker, 1011 Shadowlawn, Toledo, OH 43609. Please mark the workshop sessions in which you are interested. Keeper’s Role in Research r~| Career Development FI Exhibit Design Q Animal Training as a Husbandry Tool 1""! AAZK: where do we go fix>m here? FI Conference Planning r~| International Zookeeping; it's a small world f"! Behavioral Enrichment 1""! Penguin Husbandry EH Neonatal Bird Care EH Herpetoculture as a Reptile and Amphibian Conservation Strategy EH The Aquarist, Aquaculture and Conservation? \~] Other Non-Domestic Neonatal Symposium at the San Diego Wild Animal Park Introduction; Karla J. Michelson - Lead Keeper, Infant Isolation Unit The third Non-Domestic Neonatal Symposium was held 10 October 1990 by the San Diego Wild Animal Park and San Diego Zoo. Over 70 people involved directly or indirectly with the care of neonates attended the five-hour conference with participants from both the San Diego Zoo, Wild Animal Park and the Phoenix Zoo. The following are abstracts from the topics presented. ( Editor’s note: Those marked with ** preceding the title have information or papers about the subject available. If you are interested in any of these or have questions or comments, please contact Karla Michelson at the San Diego Wild Animal Park, 15500 San Pasqual Valley Road, Escondido, CA 92027.) **1V Catheteri2ation in Neonates - Maintenance and Troubleshooting Jeanette Anderson - Senior Animal Health Technician, San Diego Wild Animal Park ABSTRACT: In an effort to assist the neonate keeper in their care of animals on long-term intravenous fluid therapy, familiarization with current techniques, equipment and supplies used for catheterization at the San Diego Wild Animal Park were discussed. The Wild Animal Park currently uses IVAC infusion pumps (model 560) for animals on long-term IV therapy. Knowledgeable troubleshooting of a system that is not functioning properly is important. This includes understanding where problem areas in the set-up may occur as well as how to respond to the IVAC pump malfunction codes. There are also many things that the keepers can do to correct the system themselves or to determine the nature of the problem before calling the veterinarian for assistance. * *Types of Fluids Used at the San Diego Wild Animal Park Barbara Kurtz - Animal Health Technician, San Diego Wild Animal Park ABSTRACT: Supplemental subcutaneous fluid administration for neonates with diarrhea or decreased fluid intake is common in the Infant Isolation Unit and the Animal Care Center. It is important to know the difference between isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic fluids. Only isotonic fluids should be given subcutaneously. The most common isotonic fluid used here is Lactated Ringers and 2 1/2 % Dextrose in .45% Sodium Chloride. The veterinarian will decide what type of fluid and route of administration is best for a compromised animal. A basic understanding of what category and type of fluid the animal is in will help the technician and keeper make a more valuable contribution when monitoring their animal patients. ■tfHie Neonatal Imnmne SYStem As It Relates tQ.Haad-Kgaring Marcia Morse - Keeper, Infant Isolation Unit, San Diego Wild Animal Park ABSTRACT: The neonatal immune response is discussed, including methods of evaluating the immune system and ways to supplement immunodeficient neonates with immunoglobins for passive transfer. Early this year a plasma transfusion program was instituted at the Wild Animal Park hospital to provide an additional resource for immunodeficient hoofstock neonates past the point of gut closure, and this program is outlined. 93 Non-Domestic Neonatal Symposium. Continued **Use of Equine Plasina.TraiisfiisiQns for an Immuno-Deficient Brazilian Tapir (Tapir terrestris) Neonate Kathryn Ingram, DVM-Veterinarian, Phoenix Zoo, Phoenix, AZ ABSTRACT: This case report will describe an apparent lack of passive transfer of immunity in a newborn Brazilian tapir and the use of equine plasma transfusions to treat it, with apparent success. **Diet Comparison of Neonatal Hand-Reared Kenya Impala (Aepyceros melampus rendilis) Debi Espinoza-Bylin - Keeper, Infant Isolation Unit, San Diego Wild Animal Park ABSTRACT: Using two artificial milk diets, five neonatal Kenya Impala were hand- raised under similar conditions from birth until 16 weeks of age at the San Diego Wild Animal Park's Infant Isolation Unit. Both diets used a 1 part Multi-Milk® (PetAg, Inc) and 2.5 parts water as a base with the addition of 2 parts evaporated cow's milk for Diet A, or for Diet B, the addition of SPF-Lac® (PetAg, Inc.). Using Student's T-test, no significant difference (P>0.05) was found in weight gain, ankle length, or girth measurements. However, one male and one female on Diet B did have a significantly shorter ear length (P>0.05), this plus other comparisons favor diet A as the better alternative. As noted, further research of natural Dam's milk is needed to obtain the best possible formula for hand-rearing neonates. **Hand-Rearing and Introduction of a Premature Reticulated Giraffe ( Giraffa Camelopardalis) to the Herd Roger Cogan -, Lead Keeper, Phoenix Zoo; Tracey McNamara - Animal Health Technician, Phoenix Zoo. ABSTRACT: A male reticulated giraffe calf was born prematurely at the Phoenix Zoo on 10 October 1989. The two ultimate challenges this situation presented to us were the medical aspects of keeping a premature calf alive and then the task of introducing the calf back to the herd in a mixed species exhibit. The medical difficulties that we faced included a calf with no motor coordination nor sucking reflexes and the sudden onset of the life- threatening health problems of pneumonia, diarrhea and anemia. The introduction challenges involved getting the herd to accept a hand-reared, tame calf well enough that they would protect him from any threats presented by the other species on exhibit. There was also the challenge of bottle feeding the calf on exhibit for public viewing and then weaning the calf from this routine. Barasingha (Cervus d. duvauceli) Fawn Development Esther Rubin - Senior Keeper, Infant Isolation Unit, San Diego Wild Animal Park ABSTRACT: During a behavioral study of Barasingha at the San Diego Wild Animal Park, data was collected on eleven fawns. The findings that are applicable to a hand- rearing situation such as isolation from the herd following birth, dam/fawn recognition and communication, nursing behavior and the eating of solids were discussed. Contrasts with the behavior of other young hoofstock species were also used as examples of the behavioral variations that animal care personnel need to consider when setting hand- rearing protocols. Surgical Correction of Bilateral Valgus Carnal Deformities in an Okapi (Okapia johnstoni ) Calf Philip K. Ensley, DVM-Associate Veterinarian, San Diego Wild Animal Park 94 Non-Domestic Neonatal Symposium. Continued ABSTRACT: A five-month old female okapi was identified as having an angular limb deformity in each front leg. A radiograph diagnosis of bilateral carpal valgus deformity due to a distal radial deformity was made and attributed to a distal radial growth plate problem. The major changes included wedging of the epiphysis and widening of the physis on the medial side producing metaphyseal asymmetry. Treatment in this case consisted of a surgical correction procedure performed on domestic equine known as temporary transphyseal bridging. Ten weeks post operatively both limbs had correct conformation. The cause of the valgus deformity was undetermined however etiologies speculated in equine were reviewed. The Birth and Hand-Rearing of Asian Elephant (Eleohas maximus) Robert Porec - Animal Training Supervisor, San Diego Wild Animal Park ABSTRACT: Since 1890 approximately fifty elephants have been bom in the United States. Little is documented about the requirements for their births and rearing. Opinions vary from one end of the spectrum to the other on what is the proper procedure. Using many sources and our own experiences, we are attempting to hand-raise Omar with not only his physical development in mind but his psychological needs as well. This includes his future reintroduction into the Asian elephant group. Tlie DeYelogmenl;.!^ Infant Bshaaor of a Captive. Mother-Baisfid BQnQhQ (Pan paniscus) Ann Ch. Weaver, San Diego Zoo ABSTRACT: Behavioral data were reported on the first six months of development of a captive bonobo, mother-reared at the Wild Animal Park, Escondido, CA. Data analysis of the first 70 hours of on-going, close-range observations was preliminary. The sampling method was a modified version of Gombe Nature Reserve protocol of free-ranging common chimps. Observations were made between 0700-1430 hrs. Trends of interest to Nursery personnel included activity cycle, strength, suckling, and initial locomotory abilities. Mean percentages of behavior patterns were given for Day 2, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180, respectively. “Eye open7“eye closed” patterns were negatively correlated with a steady increase in “eye open” from .29 to .67 by 60 days; “eye closed” was restricted to naps by 150 days. “Grabbing” mother's fur remained high, from .87 to .46 by 180 days; physical contact was maintained for the first five months via the ventral/ventral position. Daytime suckling was steady, from .16 to .08 by day 180; “rooting^’ for the nipple was negligible throughout. Infant position changes began at 4 months with brief episodes of “surpine”, “prone”, and propped up on “elbows”, retaining maternal contact. Several locomotory patterns appeared around 150 days including “sit against”, “crouch”, a shaky “quadrupedal stand” and preliminary attempts to “quadrupedal walk”. Protocols in Hand-Rearing a Celebes Macaque (Macaca nigra) at the San Diego Zoo Janet Hawes - Senior Nursery Attendant; Jim Maxwell - Lead Keeper, Mammals; Gary Priest - Training Supervisor; Linda Feroz - Keeper, Mammals; Jeff Turnage - Senior Hospital Keeper; Mike Loomis, DVM-Associate Veterinarian, San Diego Zoo. ABSTRACT: In July 1990, the San Diego Zoo animal services staff participated in an interdepartmental project to hand-raise a Celebes Macaque infant born at the zoo. Several new techniques were employed and this project required cooperation and input from people representing many different facets of animal husbandry. Veterinarians delivered the infant via C-section and monitored the health status of the dam. Postoperative reintroduction of the infant was initially unsuccessful. The infant was stabilized in the nursery for 24 hours. Reintroduction was attempted. Although the 95 Non-Domestic Neonatal Symposium. Continued dam was attentive, it was determined that due to poor mammary development she had insufficient milk to sustain the infant. In order that the infant could benefit from a maternal relationship as early as possible, a remote feeding apparatus was designed by the senior hospital keeper, and an animal training supervisor was called in. Training techniques were employed to allow feeding the infant without separation from the dam. This procedure enabled the infant to be essentially mother-reared. Correspond With a Foreign Keeper By Sarah Leeg Children's Zoo! Primate Keeper Tulsa Zoological Park, Tulsa, OK How would you like to write to a keeper in Ghana or Australia or the West Indies? You could share your knowledge and ideas about your animals and exchange husbandry techniques and reproductive success. Now you can have this opportunity! Several months ago I contacted 20 zoos around the world and asked their keepers if they would be interested in corresponding with American keepers. They were then asked what areas they worked in and any other interests they had. After collecting all this information, it was presented at a booth at the 1990 National AAZK Conference in New Orleans. Many of the conference delegates have already chosen foreign keepers to correspond with, however, there are still some keepers available who are waiting for a letter. These keepers are listed below. If you see a keeper you would like to correspond with please call me and I will give you their address. I can be reached at (918) 596-2452. Mark Tyler - Australia Area - Carnivore/Hoofstock Interests - Giraffe, rhino, elephant, otters Rodney Hamilton - Austrsdia Area - Australasian fauna Interests - Nocturnal species, endangered species such as quolls and numbats, etc. Leif Cocks - Australia Area - Primates Interests - Orangutans (effect of public on primates esp. re: vervets, ring-tailed lemurs Norman Dowsett - Australia Area - Butterfly House Interests - Invertebrates, esp. interested in butterflies and spiders Janet Korah - Ghana Area - Hand-rearing unit Interests - African forest elephant Lawrence Amuriyen - Ghana Area - Primates Interests - Small mammals, esp. civet cats and crowned mangabeys Adjoga Atawuje - Ghana Area - Bird Dept. Interests - African grey parrots, green turaco and canary bird Osei Mensah - Ghana Area - Bird Dept. Interests - African grey parrot Danny Yaw Asare - Ghana Area - Hand-rearing unit Interests - Bushbuck and duikers 96 Coirespond With A Foreign. Keeper. Continued GibrUa Mohammed - Ghana Area - Reptile Dept. Interests - Crocodiles, African rock pythons, Nile lizards, cobras, mambas and vipers. Mike Harman - South Africa Area - Birds, reptiles, mammals esp. carnivores Interests - Snakes, raptors, wild dogs Carol Slater - Soutii Africa Area - Baboons, raptors including owls; cheetahs Eugene Marais - South AMct Area - Higher vertebrates Interests - Hombills and raptors, small antelope Antorika Du Plooy - South Africa Area - Antelope, hippos, cheetah, pigs, buffalo, cranes, zebra, ostriches Tracy MacPhee - Bermuda Area - Invertebrate aquarist Interests - Marine invertebrates James Conyers - Beimuda Area - Supervisor (Dept. Head) Interests - Exhibit habitat design and construction, Caribbean fauna, esp. island psittacines. Rachel Brown - England Area - Birds (tropical) Interests - Birds of Prey Alan Maskel - England Area - Birds and editor of in-house zoo magazine Interests - Owls, cranes, pheasants (hand-rearing and incubation) *would be particularly interested in corresponding with anyone in similar situation, i.e. editor zoo magazine. Esther Wenman - England Area - Birds, incubating owls, incubation and hand-rearing unit Interests - Softbills, cranes, waterfowl; aquatic birds and mammals Tracy Webb - England Area - Birds, including hand-rearing and incubation Interests - Cranes, storks, pheasants, owls, waterfowl, soft bills Nirmal Biptah - Trinidad Area - Assistant to head keeper. Work in all sections Interests - Small mammals, primates, reptiles, birds Abdul-SattarAbdul-Jabbar Afghan - Trinidad Area - Birds Interests - Birds esp. pheasant, quail, tiramans and partridges; Cockatiels and exotic parrots, small mammals and cats Brian Borde - TWnidad Area - Primates and reptiles Interests - Chimpanzees, mandrills and snakes Sumdat Lalchan - Trinidad Area - Aquarium, primates, birds and reptiles Interests - Red & black tilapia, Guabine and all species of primates Bemadine Ra^ubir Waldropt - Trinidad Area - Reptiles Interests - Lizards, boas, vipers, turtles and tortoises John Ballard - South Africa Area - Aquarium Interests - Sharks, sawfish, batoids, marine fish, marine turtles, marine invertebrates Mhson Hornby - South Africa Area - Dolphinarium Interests - Dolphins, seals, penguins. Also Marine fish 97 Correspond With A Foreisfn Keeper. Continued Barbara Von Etzdorf - South Africa Area - Dolphinarium Interests - Dolphins, seals, penguins. Also Marine mammals Haley Lemly - South Africa Area - Dolphinarium Interests - Dolphins, seals, penguins, marine mammals, sharks Susan Malcour-Smith - South Afinca Area - Dolphinarium Interests - Dolphins, seals, marine mammals Sue Williams - South Africa Area - Dolphinarium Interests - Dolphins and seals Gabby Luyt - South Africa Area - Dolphinarium Interests - Dolphins, seals and penguins Liesl Robbertse - South Afirica Area - Dolphinarium Interests - Dolphins, seals and penguins Jacqueline Schurman - England Area - Birds (tropical) Interests - Mynah birds and small mammals Gary Macpherson - ^rmuda Area - Birds Interests - Psittacines and softbills, esp. finches (gouldran) Julie Davies - Australia Area - Marsupials, reptiles, primates and animal health Interests - Kangaroos, wallabies, koalas, numbats, chuditch, primates (esp. gibbons), giraffes, zebras David Leyden - Australia Area - Reptile house Interests - Australian python, crocodiles, tortoises, geckoes. Australian Elapids; interests - breeding of Australian and exotic pythons and boas. AAV Donates Funds for Conservation In 1991, the Association of Avian Veterinarians voted to donate 1% of its gross annual income to a worthy conservation project. The funds are to be awarded for direct field studies, preferably involving avian fauna. The recipient study should be directly related to 1) critical habitat land acquisition, 2) critical habitat land management, or 3) development of management plans for critical habitat. The 1991 Conservation project chosen and approved by the AAV Board at their annual meeting last September is jointly sponsored by The Nature Conservancy and BIOMA, a Venezuelan conservation organization. The study involves Cienaga de los Olivitos, an area designated as a wildlife refuge by the Venezuelan government. Despite this protection, there is still a threat of development by a commercial salt production plant. A preliminary survey has shown that 43% of the birds inhabiting this area are migratory species. The AAV grant will be used for field work to further assess the species diversity and use of the area. The target date for completion of the study is 18 months after initiation. Expected results will provide the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources with the information needed to develop an appropriate management plan to protect the refuge. BIOMA has successfully used this approach to protect another area in Venezuela. 98 Pygmy Hippos at Greater Baton Rouge Zoo: Observations of a Birth and New Calf Protocol By Linda Sanders, Head Keeper Greater Baton Rouge Zoo, Baker, LA On 1 August, 1990, 1 was fortunate to witness the birth of our eighth Pygmy hippo (Choeropsis liberiensis) at the Greater Baton Rouge Zoo. Previous births had usually been at night, but this calf was bom at 1015 hours, while the hippo keeper (my husband, Marc Sanders) and I were present. Due to the increasing girth of our female, the pair had been separated for several weeks in anticipation of the birth. On the morning of 1 August, Marc entered the hippo building and noted a bloody discharge and pacing activity from the female. Realizing she was in labor, he paged me to the building as he knew I was interested in observing a hippo birth. After the male was let outdoors, the female was temporarily shifted to his side of the bam as her stall was cleaned and fresh bedding hay was put down. When she returned to her area, I settled down to wait and watch. The female paced slowly and occasionally lay down, only to rise and pace again. She walked back and forth under a running hose that was draped over the partition wall for her; mouthed the water several times; strained periodically; and defecated once. The left nipple dripped fluid and actually ran fluid when she strained. The female settled into the hay. Every now and then she had a contraction, but mostly she appeared to sleep. The female raised herself to a sitting position and sat quietly for a few minutes. The female rose to a standing position and turned to the side. From where he stood Marc could see the baby's head emerging. I hurried over, camera in hand, anxious to record the birth sequence. Sudden- ly, a baby hippo was flying through the air, having been expelled all at once! (So much for my “Birth of a Hippo” slides). The baby landed wriggling and vigorous about three feet from the female. Following the successful birth, we left the building as theTemale has been dangerously protective of her offspring in the past. In order that she not inadvertently harm the baby in her zeal to protect it, we let them alone and only peeked in on them periodically during the remainder of the day. When we checked for the last time at 1630 hrs., the baby still looked fine. The female had passed the afterbirth which Marc removed so it would not attract fire ants during the night. The next day the baby was observed nursing several times. The female obligingly stretched out in the hay, rolled over on her side, and moved her hind leg to expose the nipples. After two days, the female left the building for a dip in the pool. She was locked outside for a few minutes while Marc and I sexed and weighed the baby. It was a female, “Cecilia”, and her weight at 48 hours was 13 lbs. 7 oz. When our Pygmy hippos began to breed in 1981, hippo keeper Marc Sanders researched the available literature for husbandry information for this species. Pygmy hippos bom in captivity were reported to have a high mortality rate. In order to increase our calves' 0815 to 0910 hrs. 0910 to 1010 hrs. 1010 to 1015 hrs. 1015 hrs. 99 Pvgmv Hippo Birth. Continued survival odds, Marc took notes from the articles he read and formulated a plan adaptable to our situation. Following the birth of a Pygmy hippo, the female and calf are kept off-exhibit for at least a week. The female is allowed into the outdoor pool only briefly each day while the barn is cleaned and the baby weighed. Fresh bedding hay is put down each day to cushion the calf when the clumsy mom leans a little too heavily against it. In summer the bedding hay is discontinued after approximately two weeks. In winter it may be continued longer for warmth. Pygmy hippo “Cecilia” bom 1 August latJO at the ureater Baton Kouge Zoo, Baker, LA. (Photo by Linda Sanders) During this time, no one expect the hippo keeper enters the barn as the female is extremely protective of the baby and will trample over it while charging strangers. After the first week, the female has usually calmed down enough not to charge so readily, and she and the baby are allowed into the exhibit. The pool is drained until only a couple inches of water remain, and the baby trustingly follows its mother into the water. The calf finds this shallow water quite alarming, but soon adjusts to it. Over the next couple of weeks the depth is increased a little each day until the pool is at its normal depth of four feet. I am sure some other zoos have their own procedures, but this is what has worked best for us. Our newest Pygmy hippo is over four months old now (as of 11/90) and is growing well. However, our delight in her well-being is overshadowed by concerns for her future. Our breeding successes in the past few years have paralleled breeding successes elsewhere. During the 1980’s, 66% of captive-born Pygmy hippo calves survived more than one year (Ruedi and Tobler, International Zoo News. July/August 1990). This has sometimes led to difficulty in finding homes for the offspring of breeding pairs. Clearly, management of Pygmy hippos in zoos must address this issue. To breed responsibly is the task of zoos. As with so many other species, I^gmy hippos have reached a point where long-term plans for captive management are needed. Where do we go from here? 100 Chapter News GreenviUe AAZK Chapter Officers for 1991 are: President Ann Bushman Vice Pres/Liaison.. Janie Baxter Treasurer Kevin Coker Secretary.. ...Sharon Cisneros We closed out last year with our 2nd Rainforest fundraiser. We raised $300.00 that went to Ranamafana National Park in Madagascar. Our plans for this year include Bowling for Rhinos and at least one other fundraiser mid to late summer. We hold monthly meetings, one business, the next casual. Casual meetings may inclde films, slides, or a speaker, with refreshments served. We have found that attendance is better that We also have a new pamphlet available intitled “Exotic Animals as Pets”. If you would like a copy please let me know. Many people in our area have or would like to have exotic animals as pets. Our hope is that with the pamphlet we may be able to discourage some people from seeking dangerous types of animals as pets. I am always looking for articles that cover attacks on humans by exotic, native or domestic animals. If any of you come across articles like this please send me a copy. Our new Chapter logo (see insert) was designed by Vicki Roth. We hope you all have a great year, -Janie Raxter, V.P. I Liaison San PiegQ AAZK Chapter On 16 January, despite the break-out of war in the Persian Gulf, 35 Chapter members gathered in the Rondavel to hear Tom Demere, Associate Paleontologist at the San Diego Natural History Museum, speak on “Fossil Mammals of San Diego: A 50 Million Year Record”. Tom was able to provide a first-hand accounting of the significance of the extraordinary fossils unearthed recently throughout the county. During the course of the evening, a silent auction was held to sell off the prize-winning photographs from the Sixth Annual Photo Contest held in November. Sixty dollars was raised. Last month. Dr. Jim McBain, DVM, senior staff veterinarian at Sea World of California, spoke on “Special Topics in Marine Mammal Medicine: Killer Whale Reproductive Biology”. The lecture chronicled the recent reproductive success in killer whale breeding at Sea World parks and presented data that had been accumulated on killer whale gestation, parturition, milk composition, calf growth and social development, and cow/calf behavior. This month A1 Leiberman, Curator of Birds at the San Diego Zoo will discuss “The South American Andean Condor Project”. The Chapter now has a telephone line that members can call to receive information on monthly programs and other news which may be of importance to the membership. The number is (619) 231-1515, Exxt. 4672. With this system, it will also be possible for members to leave messages. The Chapter Hotline should help expedite Chapter business and, in the long run, help improve overall Chapter communication, -from The Keener Jan I Feb '91 Andrew Johnson, President Philadelphia Zoo AAZK Chanter Our Chapter had John Becker from the International Society for Endangered Cats (ISEC) speak at our zoo on 11 June. We have also made an arrangement 101 Chapter News. Continued with him to sell ISEC T-shirts at our AAZK Chapter functions and send the proceeds to ISEC. His talk inspired one of our docents to start up a Philadelphia Chapter of ISEC. Our new fundraiser is selling mesh shopping bags with the AAZK rhino logo on them. We thought this would be a good way to raise money and help the environment. They cost $4.00 each plus 50 cents for shipping and may be ordered from the Chapter. We sponsored two keepers (Kim Trautmann and Chris Carbone) to the National AAZK Conference this past November. Our Chapter also helped defray the conference costs for Ann Hess and Bob Berghaier who presented papers at the conference. During this time, our Chapter has had three ‘Keeping Up With the Keeper’ mornings on 10 June, 12 August and 14 October. -Beth Schwenk, Chapter Liaison Tulsa Zoo AAZK Chapter Elected officers for 1991 are; President Sarah Leeg Vice Pres Faye Krumm Secretary Nancy Childress Treasurer..... Janet Russell After the AAZPA Central Regional Conference which our zoo is hosting in April, our Chapter will begin the “Keeping Up With Keepers” fundraiser that the Philadelphia Zoo started. In the meantime our Chapter members along with other Zoo staff and volunteers are putting together a package filled with pictures and letters and other good things to send our troops in Saudi Arabia. We have also renewed our membership to the Zoo Conservation Outreach Group (ZCOG) for the second year and have adopted a Humpback Whale from the Whale Adoption project. -Sarah Leeg, President Itockv Mountam AAZK Chapter The results of our election for 1991 are: President Suzanne Chacon Vice Pres Karen Stern Secretary Linda Cayton Treasurer.. ...Marlene Kumpf And Kate Werner will remain our appointed Chapter Liaison. We have continued to sell Rainforest Crunch for the Ecosystem Survival Plan. Our approximated total raised is $500.00. We are giving 100% of our profits to the ESP program. Our Chapter logo of a Bighorn, Mountain lion and Peregrine falcon is complete and we are getting T-shirts and sweatshirts made. In January we had a slide show presented on the Polar bears of Churchill by Roger Milstrey (our rhino keeper). Currently, we are preparing for “Bowling for Rhinos” which will be held on May 12. -G. Suzanne Chacon, Pres. The Virginia Chapter AAZK Newly elected officers are: President Jonathan Bronson Vice Pres Steve Truman Secretary Della Johnson Treasurer Betty Schmitt Chapter Liaison Della Johnson South Florida AAZK Chanter The South Florida Chapter of AAZK has started its 11th active year. Our annual December banquet was the most successful ever, raising over $1500.00. Animal related artifacts, photos, paintings and plants were donated by local merchants and zoological society members and keepers which were bid on before and during the dinner. Some of the funds will be donated to conservation projects which will be voted on by the Chapter members. In June we plan on hosting a state-wide picnic inviting all keepers from animal related attractions in the State of Florida and elsewhere for a Bar-B-Q and visit to Metrozoo and Miami Seaquarium. 102 Chapter News. Continued Newly elected officers for 1991 are; President.. ...Scott Fuller Vice Pres.....Daniella Woodell Secretary.. ...Julie Still Durfey Treasurer.. ...Carolyn Horton Where To Purchase Chapter Products AAZK Logo Coffee Mugs - Milwaukee County Zoo AAZK Chapter, 10001 W. Bluemound Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226. $5.50 each. AAZK ”I Zoo! Zoo You?” Bumper Stickers - High Plains AAZK Chapter, Lee Richardson Zoo, c/o Joanna Arneson, P.O. Box 499, Garden City, KS 67846. $2.50 each. AAZK Magnetic Keeper Safety Signs - Flint Hills AAZK Chapter, Sunset Zoo, 11th & Poyntz, Manhattan, KS 66502. $10.85 each plus $1.00 P&H. AAZK Logo T-Shirts ($8.50), Sweatshirts ($18.00) and Colder Holders ($3.50) - Little Rock Chapter AAZK, Little Rock Zoo, #1 Jonesboro Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205. AAZK Logo Auto Decals and Stickers - Mill Mountain AAZK Chapter, Mill Mountain Zoo, Inc,, P. 0, Box 13484, Roanoke, VA 24034. Decals - $2.50 each; Stickers $1.50 lg/$0.75 small. AAZK Logo Mesh Shopping Bags - Philadelphia Chapter of AAZK, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th St. & Girard Ave,, Philadelphia, PA 19104. Each bag costs $4.00 plus 50 cents postage. Metro Toronto AAZK Chanter The AAZK Chapter of the Metro Toronto Zoo is pleased to announce the election of the following officers: President Luisa Stein sky 1st Vice Pres.. .Dan Pearson 2nd Vice Pres Maria Franke Treasurer.. ...Charles Guthrie Secretary Dianne Devison Liaison Neil Porter Conservation Karen Mottram The Metro Toronto Zoo Chapter has now made available their Chapter crest for the small amount of $3.50 Canadian plus 50 cents for postage. The Chapter crest features a Canadian Lynx (see insert). Anyone who wishes to purchase a crest, please send your request to: Neil Porter, Chapter Lisiaon, Metro Toronto Zoo, P.O. Box 280, West Hill, Ontario, Canada MIE 4R5. -Neil Porter, Chapter Liaison m AAZPA Regional Conferences for 1991 Western Regional - 24-26 March 1991. For more information contact Sal Perkins, Wildlife Safari Park, P.O. Box 1600, Winston, OR 97469. (503) 679-6761. Central Regional - 7-9 April 1991. For more information contact Carol Eames, Tulsa Zoolgical Park, 5701 E. 36th St. North, Tulsa, OK 74115 (918) 596-2401 Northeastern Regional - 21-23 April 1991. For more information contact Tony Vecchio, Roger Williams Park Zoo, Roger Williams Park, Providence, RI 02905 (401) 785-9450 Ext. 80. Great Lakes Regional - 5-7 May 1991. For more information contact Greg Geise, Binder Park Zoo, 7400 Division Dr., Battle Creek, MI 49017 (616) 979-1351. 103 AAZK Book Sale As the days begin to grow longer, the Beardsley Zoo AAZK Chapter is pleased to offer the spring selections. To purchase any of these books, please list the book(s) you want and send with a check or money order payable to AAZK Book Sale, Beardsley Zoo, 1875 Noble Ave., Bridgeport, CT 06610. Please include shipping and handling fees of $2 for the first book and $1 for each additional. Orders must be received by 30 April 1991. The Hummingbird Book - Donald and Lillian Stokes. 96 pgs. Divided into two sections this book describes how to choose and maintain feeders; and natural history of the eight main species found in the U.S. Sug. price $9.95 AAZK price $7.95. Outwitting Squirrels - Bill Adler, Jr. 180 pgs. Here at last is a defense manual for besieged feeders of birds. Sug. price $8.95 AAZK price $7.25. The Butterfly Garden - Mathew Tekulsky. 192 pgs. A concise, easy to read guide on attracting these colorful and elusive animals to your garden. Sug. price $8.95 AAZK $7.25. Growing and Propagating Wildflowers - Harry Phillips. 331 pgs. A guide to creating a wildflower garden published by the Univ. of N. Carolina Press. Sug. price $14.95 AAZK price $11.95. Lifg Hist9rigg..Qf NQrt.h.Amgricgn Bird?; CpgkQQg. GQgfgygk^rg gnd Hummingbird? - Arthur C. Bent. Continuation of the 26 volume set with information on habitat, range and habits of these birds. Sug. price $12.95 AAZK price $10.50. Running With the Fox ■ David Macdonald. 224 pgs. A look at the social structure and behavior of the red fox by the world's foremost authority on the species. Presented in a very readable and entertaining account. Sug. price $27.95 AAZK price $22.50. Roptiles and Amphibians; Eastern and Central North America - The long-awaited third edition of the classic Peterson Field Guide series, with updated taxonomy and range maps. Sug. price $16.95 AAZK price $13.50. State of the Ark - Lee Durrell 224 pgs. An authoritative atlas of the state of the living planet - its ecosystems, habitats and species. Sug. price $14.95 AAZK price $11.95. Landscaping for Wildlife - Carrol Henderson. 144 pgs. An invaluable guide to the principles, selection and animal use of plants in attracting animals. Appendices list plants according to height, width; sun, soil and moisture preferences; spatial needs of wildlife species; pest control; seeding rates; feeder design; butterfly nectar sources; seed sources. Published by the Minn. Dept, of Natural Resources. Sug. price $8.95 AAZK price $7.25. Woodworking for Wildlife - Minn. Dept, of Natural Resources. A companion volume to Landscaping— this book gives descriptions of nestboxes, platforms and feeders for many N. American species including songbirds, waterfowl and bats. Sug. price $3.95 AAZK price $3.15. Special!!! Buy one copy each of Landscaping for Wildlife and Woodworking for Wildlife for only $10.00 (plus s/h). A real steal!! ORDERS MUST BE RECEIVED BY 30 APRIL 1991 104 (liaison and Information Network for Keepers) Director for the LINK System: Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5. (204) 889-2919 (h). Regional Coordinators Karin Newman, Milwaukee County Zoo, 10001 W. Bluemound Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226 for the State of Wisconsin Lee Williams, Detroit Zoo, P.O. Box 39, Royal Oak, MI 48068 for the State of Michigan Rick Smith (St. Louis Zoo) , 7417 Madge, Maplewood, MO (mailing address) (314) 781-8037 (h) for the State of Missouri Debbie Jackson, Little Rock Zoological Gardens, #1 Jonesboro Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205 for the State of Arkansas Wendy Davis, Lake Superior Zoo, 7210 Fremont St., Duluth, MN 55807 for the States of Minnesota & Iowa Elandra Aum, Woodland Park Zoo, 5500 Phinney Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98103 (206) 625-2244 [w] for the State of Washington Mike niig, Washington Park Zoo, 4001 SW Canyon Dr., Portland, OR 97221 for the State of Oregon Joe Rindler, Columbus Zoo, 9990 Riverside Dr., Box 400, Columbus, OH 43065 for the States of Ohio & Kentucky Dan Powell, Potawatomi Zoo, 500 S. Greenlawn, South Bend, IN 46615 for the State of Indiana Joanna Bower, Lee Richardson Zoo, P.O. Box 499, Garden City, KS 67846 for the State of Kansas Carla Wieser, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo, 10th St. & Deer Park Blvd., Omaha, NE 68107 for the States of Nebraska and Iowa VACANCY for Middle California Celeste Northrop, San Diego Zoo, P.O. Box 551, SanDiego, CA 92112 for Southern California & Southern Nevada John Turner, Denver Zoo, City Park, Denver, CO 80205 for the States of Colorado and Utah Bruce Eneboe, Reid Park Zoo, 1100 S. Randolph Way, Tucson, AZ 85716 for the States of Arizona & New Mexico Jeanette Nadeau, Roger Willaims Park Zoo, Providence, RI 02905 for the States of MA, VT, RI, NH, ME and NY Mark Hofling, Bronx Zoo, 185th & Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10460 (212) 220-7115 [w] for the States of MA, VT, NH, MA, RI, CT, and NY Alan Baker, Burnet Park Zoo, 500 Burnet Park Dr., Syracuse, NY 13204 for the States of ME, MA, VT, NH, RI, CT and NY Theresa Maas, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th & Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104 for the States of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia Tami Ryf, Dreher Park Zoo, 1301 Summit Blvd., West Palm Beach, FL 33405 OR Betty Grogan, Jacksonville Zoological Park, P.O. Box 26767. Jacksonville, FL 32218 for the State of Florida Fred Alvey, Zoo Atlanta, 800 Cherokee Ave. S.E., Atlanta, GA 30315 for the States of Georgia & Alabama Michelle Herman, Jackson Zoological Park, 2918 West Capitol St., Jackson, MS 39209 for the States of Mississippi & Tennessee Ann Marie Greco, San Antonio Zoo, 3903 N.St. Mary's St., San Antonio, TX 78212 for the States of Texas & Louisiana VACANCY for the States of Montana, Idaho and Wyoming Terry Male, Metro Toronto Zoo, Box 280, West Hill, Ontario, Canada MIE 4R5 (416) 392-5900 {w} for the Province of Ontario Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5 for the Provinces of Manitoba & Saskatchewan/States of ND,SD (204) 837-1 635 [h] Chantal Routheir, Granby Zoo, 347 Rue Bourget, Granby, Quebec, Canada J2G 1E8 for the Province of Quebec Dean Treichel, Valley Zoo, Box 2359, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5J 2R7 (403) 483-5525 [w] for the Provinces of Alberta & British Columbia 105 Institutions wishing to advertise employment opportunities are asked to send pertinent data by the 15th of each month to: Opportunity Knocks I AKR, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Please include closing dates for positions available. There is no charge for this service and phone-in listings of positions which become available close to deadline are accepted. Our phone is 1-800-242-4519 (U.S.); 1-800-468-1966 (Canada). Our FAX is 913-272- 2539. lNTEBNSHIPS...Tieepexs, - two positions, ten-week internship during the summer of 1991. Dates are flexible. Stipend of $600.00 provided by the Friends of the Salisbury Zoo. Will work under the General Curator or Lead Keeper. Written inquiries only. Those interested should provide the names of three refrences and apply in their own handwriting regarding personal interest and background. Closing date is 15 May 1991. Send references, application letter to: Donald D. Bridgewater, Director, Salisbury Zoological Park, P.O. Box 3163, Salisbury, MD 21802. The following three (3) positions are available at the Primate Foundation of Arizona. Send letter of interest with requested salary, resume, and three (3) letters of reference to: Jo Fritz, Director, Primate Foundation of Arizona, P.O. Box 86, Tempe, AZ 85280. Applications accepted until positions are filled. NOTE: All personnel must have a negative TB skin test and a negative Hepatitis B surface antigen test prior to employment. REGISTRAR:...mamta\n and develop computer record system to account for inventory and health status of a chimpanzee breeding colony, and various other office duties. Some computer experience desirable, must type a minimum of 40 WPM, and must have good communication skills. Salary negotiable. Excellent benefits. EOE. RESEARCH ASSOCI ATE. ..Tequires Ph.D. (A.B.D. considered) is Psychology, Zoology, or I Anthropology, and experience in behavioral research. Work directly under the Director of ' a breeding colony of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Responsible for assistance with study : design, analysis and write-up. Training and daily supervision of Staff Observer and * Interns. Maintains research records. Assist in the collection and computer entry of behavioral data. Requires solid background in statistics, good organization, managerial, ; and communication skills, and ability to work well with students and other investigators. I Salary negotiable. Excellent benefits. EOE. STAFF VETERINARI AN. ..laW-iime Staff veterinarian for a chimpanzee (Pan j troglodytes) breeding and behavioral research facility. Coordinate preventative medicine programs, manage clinical cases, assist in complying with USDA and NIH regulations, i develop staff health policies, write SOP's, and compile and publish valuable chimpanzee i information. Candidate must have D.V.M. degree, clinical experience, and a strong interest in primate medicine. Salary commensurate with experience. Excellent benefits. ! EOE. [ ZOO KEEPER. ..prefer paid experience and Bachelor's degree in biological sciences. Responsible for daily animal care, behavior observation, exhibit/grounds maintenance, j and diet preparation. Strong record-keeping ability and computer familiarity desireable. Will work weekends and holidays as required. Salary $12.66 per hour plus benefits. Creating eligible list to fill future vacancies. Send cover letter/resume to Randall Carney, Superintendent, Miller Park Zoo, P.O. Box 3157, Bloomington, IL 61702-3157 by 31 March 1991. I ZOOKEEPER INTERN SHIP. ..non-psid positions available to qualified college students pursuing degrees in zoology, biology, or related fields. Eight to ten weeks program offered during the summer of 1991. Will receive training in animal care, veterinary practices, education, public relations and support aspects of a zoo operation. Please send cover letter, resume and references to: Kimberly G. Davidson, Acting Director, Utica Zoo, Steele Hill | Road, Utica, NY 13501. 106 Qptiortiinitv Knocks. Continued ANIMAL ■KE£Pgjfg...required to help care for a collection of mammals, reptiles and birds. We are looking for someone with a special interest in and experience with reptiles who can give talks and demonstrations to large groups of people. The applicant must have some experience in a zoo environment, be self-motivated and feel comfortable meeting the public. Includes medical plan. Send resume and salary requirements to: Vince Hall, Claws ‘n’ Paws Wild Animal Park, KD 6, Lake Ariel, PA 18436. The following five (5) positions are available at the Dallas Zoo, Dallas, TX. Submit application andlor resume with cover letter bv 29 March 1991 to: Staffing Manager, Personnel Dept, 1500 Marilla, City Hall, Room 6AN, Dallas, TX 75201. All positions are subject to drug-alcohol testing. EOE. ZOO ANIMAL SUPERVISOR 10/Mammal Dept fPrimgf£sl...requires degree in Life Sciences. Duties include feeding, cleaning, observations, exhibit design/construction, assisting in research/veterinary procedures. Applicants should possess a strong background in zoology and will be responsible for the supervision of 5-10 animal care personnel. Starting salary $19,320-22,380. ZOO ANIMAL RESEARCH TECHNICIAN 10/Mammal applicants for this position should have at least a bachelor's degree in Life Sciences. Duties include feeding, cleaning, observation of behavior, and exhibit design/construction. Candidates should have the ability to devise a research project and collect data. Approximately 50% of their time will be devoted to animal care and 50% to conducting research. Starting salary $19,320-22,380. ZOO ANIMAL RESEARCH TECHNICIAN 8 (2) / Mammal Z)epf....reauires high school diploma and three years' related experience. Duties include feeding, cleaning, observations of behavior, and exhibit design/construction. Candidates should have the ability to devise a research project and collect data. Approximately 75% of their time will be devoted to animal care and 24% to conducting research. Starting salary $15,996-18,564. ZOO SENIOR ANIMAL KEEPER 8 /Mammal Dept (2). ..requires high school diploma or equivalent, three years' related experience and a strong knowledge/background in zoology. Additional education/experience desired. Responsibilities include feeding, cleaning, behavior observations, exhibit design/construction, assisting in zoo research/veterinary procedures. Starting salary $15,996-18,564. ZOO ANIMAL KEEPER 6 - Mammal Dept. requires high school diploma or equivalent, one year related experience and a strong knowledge/background in zoology. Additional education/experience desired. Responsibilities include feeding, cleaning, behavior observations, exhibit design/construction, assisting in zoo research/veterinary procedures. Starting salary $13,704-15,888. FARMYARD STAFF POSITIONS. ..background in biolo^/zoology or formalized training in farm and/or exotic animal care required. Experience may substitute for education. Responsibilities will include a wide variety of duties: care and observation of farm and exotic animals, exhibit maintenance, record keeping, public interaction, admission and souvenir sales, mini-golf and mini-train operation. Must also work well with mentally handicapped adults in a vocational training setting. Both full- time/permanent positions and seasonal positions available. Seasonal positions excellent opportunity for students/interns/beginners in field. Send resume and references by 31 March 1991 to: Kitty Shipman, Farmyard Manager, Lambs Farm, P.O. Box 520, Libertyville, IL 60048 (708) 362-4636 Ext. 261. KEEPER-GUIDE. ..seasonal positions available May - October. Duties include daily cleaning of exhibits, diet preparation and feeding mammals and birds, some maintenance, giving lectures to zoo visitors, and handling non-venomous reptiles during demonstration. Good opportunity to gain paid zoo experience. Salary $175.00 per week, lodging, utilities and uniforms furnished. Send resume to: Soco Gardens Zoo, Rt. 1, Box 355, Maggie Valley, NC 28751 by 15 April 1991. 107 Opportunity Knocks. Continued The following two (2) positions are avilable at THE ZOO. For either position, submit cover letter and resume to: Jean Benchimol, General Curator, THE ZOO, 5701 Gulf Breeze Pkwy, GulfBreeze,FL 32561. Deadline is 20 March 1991. ANIMAL KEEPER. ..requires a high school diploma; AS or BS in appropriate field preferred. Responsibilities will include working with primates and large cats. ANIMAL CARE TECHNICIAN...assist veterinarian in surgical procedures, lab work, record keeping, maintenance of hospital and quarantine area, and assist in neonatal rearing. HEAP animal KEEPEH.. .working animal keeper position with supervisory responsibility for the entire collection of 300+ animals and eight full-time animal keepers. Reports directly to the director. Supervisory skill, computer experience, and college degree helpful. Minimum of five years' experience with primarily birds and mammals required. Prefer some elephant experience. Combination of the above will be considered. Salary dependent on qualifications. Send resume to Daniel A. Baffa, Director, Lee Richardson Zoo, P.O. Box 499, Garden City, KS 67846 by 1 April 1991. ANIMAL TECHNICIAN...dnt\QS include basic animal care of North Carolina native collection, public education, aquarium care and will work with venomous snakes. Qualifications: BS/BA in biology or related field, experience with reptiles, aquariums and small mammals. Send resume to: Michael R. Sandy, Director of Animal Department, North Carolina Museum of Life and Science, 433 Murray Avenue, Durham, NC 27704. Closing date is 31 March 1991. I Information Please I would appreciate information on substrate, sleeping quarters, and/or furnishings provided for Slow Lorises {Nycticebus coucang). A picture or sketch of the enclosure would be appreciated. Please send information to: Danielle Dodenhoff, c/o Dr. A.I. Roest, Biological Science Department, Cal Poly State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407. Looking to obtain brochures from those institutions that currently offer educational outreach programs using live animals. Please send brochures to Zoo Dept., New England ScienceCenter, 222 Harrington Way, Worcester, MA 01604. We are interested in hearing from any institutions who have experienced horn loss in antelope (especially gazelle). Particularly if trauma is questionable cause (minimal bleeding, clean breakage) would like to further investigate possibility of frostbite or other non-trauma causes. Please send any information to: Lee Houts, c/o Sacramento Zoo, 3930 West Land Park Drive, Sacramento, CA 95822. Our AAZK Chapter at the Greenville Zoo is looking for information on the use of two-way radios in a zoo facility. We are looking for such information as make, cost, reliability, who in your facility uses them and where they were purchased. Please send any information you have available to: Sheila M. Green, Greenville Zoo, Cleveland Park Dr., Greenville, SC 29601. AAZK Membership Application Name - check here if renewal [ ] Address — City I I $30.00 Professional Full-time Keepers □ $25.00 Associate Those not connected with an animal facility □ $20i)0Libraiy Library subscription only Zoo Affiliation (if any) State/Province Zip □ $25.00 Affiliate Other staff & volunteers I I $4a00 Latemational All members outside U.S. & Canada regardless of category I I $50.00 <^up Contributing or Institutional Individuals & Organizations 2kx) Address Mail this application and check or money order (U.S. CURRENCY ONLY PLEASE), made payable to American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc., to : AAZK Administrative Offices, Topeka Zoo, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 U.S.A. Membership includes a subscription to Animal Keepers' Forum. The membership card is good for free admission to many zoos and aquariums in the U.S. and Canada. INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS Animal Keeners' Forum publishes original papers and news items of interest to the animal keeping profession. Non-members are welcome to submit articles for consideration. Articles should be typed or hand-printed and double-spaced. All illustrations, graphs and tables should be clearly marked, in final form, and should fit in a page size no greater than 6" X 10" (15cm X 25 l/2cm). Literature used should be cited in the text and in final bibliography. Avoid footnotes. Include scientific name of species (as per ISIS) the first time it is used. Thereafter use common name. Black and white photos only accepted. Articles sent to Animal Keeners' Forum will be reviewed for publication. No commitment is made to the author, but an effort will be made to publish articles as soon as possible. Lengthy articles may be separated into monthly installments at the discretion of the editor. The editor reserves the right to edit material without consultation unless approval is requested in writing by the author. Materials submitted will not be returned unless accompanied by a stamped, self-addressed envelope. Telephone or FAX contributions of late-breaking news or last-minute insertions are accepted. However, long articles must be sent by U.S. mail. The phone number is (913) 272-5821 Ext. 31. FAX # is 913-272-2539. DEADLINE FOR EACH EDITION IS THE 15TH QF THE PRECEDING MONTH Articles printed do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Animal Keepers* Forum editorial staff or the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Publication does not indicate endorsement hy the Association. Items in this publication may be reprinted providing credit to this publication is given and a copy of the reprinted material is forwarded to the editor. Reprints of material appearing in this journal may be ordered from the editor. PRINTED IN U.S A. ©1991 AAZK, Inc. •3 !""■ 1.0 t"*- rt- O’ O "5 n !X‘ o;‘> V-i o 1.0 i-t. n •'.u "O su -5 Animal April 1991 Keepers' Forumy \ Dedicated to Professional Animal Care ANIMAL KEEPERS' FORUM. 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 April 1991 Editor-in-Chief; Susan Chan Volume Eighteen Assistant Editor: Ron Ringer NummberFour Animal Keepers' Forum (ISSN 0164-9531) is a monthly journal of the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc., 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Ten dollars of each membership fee goes toward the annual publication costs of Animal Keepers' Forum . Third Class postage paid at Topeka, KS. Postmaster: Please send address changes to: American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Administrative Offices, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Barbara Manspeaker, Administrative Secretary BOARD OF DIRECTORS Oliver Claffey, Metro Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada Frank B. Kohn, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC 20008 Janet McCoy, Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR 97221 Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo, Tucson, AZ 85716 COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSONS - PROJECT-HEAPS President Vice President Immediate Past President Conference Book Committee Tim Kelly, Assiniboine Park Zoo Awards Committee Jan McCoy, Washington Park Zoo Book Review Coordinator VACANCY Staff Exchange Dale Frerking, Kansas City Zoo AAZK History Committee Rachel Rogers, San Diego Zoo International Affairs ..00011111121015 - Mona .Conscr.Yatmn» -£££s.e£Yation. Restoration Keeper Training & Education ^includes Library Resources, Reference Search, Program Library, and Keeper Training Materials) L.R/R.S. - Marilyn Cole, Metro Toronto K.T.M- VACANCY Research/Grants Committee Susan M. Barnard, Zoo Atlanta Public Education Committee Ellen Bradfield, Zoo Atlanta Keith, Calgary Zoo (east) Pam McDougall, Calgary Zoo (west) fCPRJ Committee - Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo Animal Data Transfer Form Bemie Feldman, Burnet Park Zoo AAZK Liaison to AAZPA/IZE Brint Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. Keeper Accommodations. List Heidi Manicki, Metro Toronto Zoo An Approach to Zookeeping Pat Sammarco, Santa Fe Teaching Zoo Zoo Infant Deyelopment Project Harmony Frazier-Taylor, Woodland Park Zoo AAZK Manual of Resources Elandra Aum, Woodland Park Zoo Exhibit Design Enrm Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo Public Relations Liaison Tim Kurkowski, Zoo Atlanta Membership Directory Administrative Office Staff Diet Notebook Susan Bunn Spencer, Beardsley Zoological Gdns. Biological Valiies/Gestation Toni Danzig, Greater S. F. Bay Area Chapter LegislatiYC Ad.Yls.cu: John Stoddard, Chicago, IL By-Laws Review Vacant Zoo/Universitv List Mike Illig, Washington Park Zoo Nominations & Elections David Luce, Fresno Zoo Zoonotic Diseases Notebook Bruce Clark, Toledo Zoo Keeper Training Videotape Production Coordinator - Vacant Order/Distribution Center at AAZK Administrative Offices in Topeka Liaison and Information Network for Keepers (LINK). Coordinator - Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada printed on recycled paper This month's cover features a Common Waterbuck (Kohus ellipsiprymnus) bull. Native to Africa south of the Sahara, these antelope are found in areas of grass savannah with bushveld or woodland and need nearby water for daily drinking. The artist for this month's cover is Cherie Langlois, a keeper at Northwest Trek Wildlife Park in Eatonville, WA. When she submitted her artwork, Cherie noted that she had been on the 1989 Botswana ! Zimbabwe safari led by Andy Lodge, and that the Waterbuck was just one of the many mammals, birds and reptiles they had encountered on what she describes as 'the Please Take Note of These Changes All members should be aware that Mark de Denus, Coordinator for the LINK System, has a new home telephone number. It is (204) 837-2916. Also, Rachel Rogers, AAZK History Committee Chairperson, is no longer at the Miami Metrozoo, but has taken a position at the San Diego Zoo. Those needing to write to Rachel concerning the AAZK 25th Anniversary Book or other matters pertinent to the History Committee may reach her by writing: Rachel Rogers, c/o San Diego AAZK Chapter, San Diego Zoo, P.O. Box 551, San Diego, CA 92112. Also please be advised that the following individuals have taken on Regional Coordinator duties for the states listed. There are still some openings within the LINK System (see details under the Coordinator's Memo in this issue of AKF) -Lucy Segerson, North Carolina Zoo, for the States of North and South Carolina -Mark Konop, Zoo Montana, for the States of Wyoming, Idaho and Montana -Debbie Jackson and Ann Rademacher, Little Rock Zoo for the States of Arkansas and Oklahoma Individuals or Chapters needing to reach Nanci Pintavalli concerning Bowling for Rhinos are asked to call her only at home. Her number is (614) 766-6475 and she has an answering machine on which you may leave a message if needed. gprygy Forms, If you have not already done so, please take a few minutes and fill out the survey found in the March issue of AKF. We need the membership's input on AKF to determine its future course as the Association's professional journal. We want to hear your opnions (both good and bad) and any suggestions you may have which you feel would improve the journal. Thank you in advance for your participation and we will publish the results of this survey as soon as possible. Elephant Kggpgr isiiea m PisgQ Elephant Keeper Pamela Orsi was killed at the San Diego Wild Animal Park last month when she received massive head injuries in an incident involving the Park's Asian elephants. Details were not available at presstime. AAZK wishes to extend its profound sympathies to both Pam’s family and her co-workers. Pam, a long-time AAZK member, was 27 years old at the time of her death. This incident reminds us once again that ours is a potentially dangerous profession, and that safety must always be uppermost in our minds. 109 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 Births & Hatchings Columbus ZQQ...we have had two recent and very notable additions to our Great Ape section: a 26-year-old female Gorilla {Gorilla g. gorilla) on breeding loan from the Bronx Zoo gave birth to a female on 13 January 1991. The infant was sired by a 17-year-old male from the San Francisco Zoo. Columbus' 20th Lowland gorilla birth, this infant was born within the group (4.3) and is being mother-reared. In addition, the Great Ape section now houses four (2,2) wild-caught Bonobos {Pan paniscus) imported from the Limburgse Zoo, Zwartberg-Cenk, Belgium in November 1990. Prior to their arrival in Columbus, the males (approximately 11 years old) were housed separately from the females (approximately 9 years old). They had visual and limited tactile contact with each other. After clearing quarantine, the Bonobos were introduced to each other utilizing three cages with connecting shift doors. No aggression was noted and tactile play betwen the four individuals was observed within two hours. The addition of these four Bonobos to the captive breeding population is greatly significant in increasing the founders for the SSP and EEP program. These animals are found in only four other zoos in the U.S,, numbering approximately 32 individuals. Worldwide there are only 78 Bonobos registered in the International Studbook with only 22 of these being founder stock, submitted by Pat Currie, Chapter Liaison, Columbus Zoo AAZK Chapter, Columbus, OH. San Antonio ZoQ...this year is working up to quite a season as far as B&H go. Some of the highlights so far are: Reptiles: we received 2.2 Boelen's python {Liasis boleni) - the first time in 16 years; also hatched were 1.2 Pancake tortoise {Malacocherus tornieri). Birds: our Bird Dept, has been very successful with the hatching of 0.0.1 Sacred ibis {Threskiornis aethiopizus), 0.0.1 Ne-ne {Branta sanduicensis), 0.0.4 North American ruddy duck {Oxyura jamaicensis jamaicensis), 0.0.3 Red-fronted macaw {Ara rubrogenys), 0.0.3 Green aracari {Pteroglossus viridis). For the first time we have added 1.0 Abdim’s stork {Ciconia abdimii) to our collection. Mammals: From Small Mammals and primates we report the birth of 0.0.1 Wolf s guenon {Cercopithecus wolfi pyrogaster) - this is a first birth of this species in the U.S. We received a 1.0 Douroucouli {Aotustnvirgatus vociferans) which will be exhibited in a nocturnal exhibit in phase III of our South American exhibit. Other highlights included 0.0,1 Black-handed spider monkey {Ateles geoffroyi), 0.0,2 East African hedgehog {Atelerix albiventris), 2.0 Fishing cats {Felis viverrinus), 0.0.2 Clouded leopard {Neofelis nebulosa), 0.1 Kinkajou {Potos flavus), and 0.0.7 Nubian ibex {Capra ibex nubiana). Large Mammal Dept, births included: 0.1 Greater kudu {Tragelaphus s. strepsiceros), 1.0 Gemsbok {Oryx gazella gazella), 1.0, Nile lechwe {Kobus megaceros), 1.0 Thomson's gazelle {Gazella thomsoni), 1.0 Reeve's muntjac {Muntiacus reevesi), 1.0 Slender-horned gazelle {Gazella leptoceros), 1.0 Dik-dik {Madoqua kirki), and 0.1 Brazilian tapir {Tapiris terrestris). submitted by San Antonio AAZK Chapter, San Antonio, TX. Los Angeles Zoo...the months of January and February brought forth a number of significant births of endangered and threatened animals. 110 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 Births & Hatchings. Continued Mammals; 1.1 Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) have joined our thriving herd and 1.1 Bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus) were added to our group which is one of the largest in captivity. Also born were 2.0 Speke's gazelle (Gazelle spekei) and 0.1 Gerenuk (Litocranius walleri). Primates born during this period include 0.0.1 Gelada baboon (Theropithecus gelada), 0.0.1 White-faced saki (Pithecia pithecia) - one of the least known of the South American monkeys; and 0.0.1 Black howler (Alouatta caraya) - the largest and heavest of the New World monkeys. A final note on mammal births was 0.1 Southern koala (Phascolarctos cinereus victor). Birds: the good news is that there are six, possibly seven fertile California condor (Gymnogyps Calif or nianus) eggs near to hatching. Actual hatchings include 2 African fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer), 1 Spectacled owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata) - a South American species; 1 Palawan peacock pheasant (Polyplectron emphanum) - an endangered species of the Palawan Island. Being a ground nester, its habitat is highly threatened from the encroachment of agriculture, submitted by Lois Carwile, Los Angeles Zoo, Los Angeles, CA. Bergan Comity Zoo»..in 1990, we had several interesting additions through births and acquisitions. In our mammal collection, our Brocket deer (Mazama bricenii ) gave birth to two fawns. The first, a female born in January, was found with all four legs splayed. Because she was unable to nurse on her own, the keepers bottle-fed her in the exhibit. A year later she’s doing fine. The second fawn, a male born in September, made a healthy addition to our group. Also in September the zoo acquired two Golden lion tamarins (baguinus lagonotus ) from Front Royal Conservation & Research Center (VA) We are eagerly awaiting their public debut in the spring. Our bird dept, was excited to report our first Blue and yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) hatching. The two chicks were parent-reared in our breeding facility. Over the course of the year, we also acquired two pairs of Scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and we hope to see breeding activity in the future. We are also proud to have been selected to receive a breeding pair of Andean condors (Vultur gryphus) from Patuxent. Their new exhibit opened in June. In August we obtained a pair of Sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis ) that will eventually be exhibited in our North American Plains exhibit. Finally, we found a mate for our male Snowy owl (Nyctea scandiaca ) and we hope for chicks in the coming year, submitted by Mariam Soffer, Chapter Liaison, Bergen County Regional Chapter, Paramus NJ AAZK Administrative Offices 1-800-242-4519 (U.S. Only) 1-800-468-1966 (Canada) FAX 913-272-2539 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 111 Wir(n>m Hlkm SdlM(n)r'^s in)(sslk Since early August the eyes of the world have been riveted on a tiny country many people did not know existed before it was invaded by the armies of Iraq's Saddam Hussein. Through television, most of the world has had a front row seat to this conflict and was witness to the awesome destruction of property in Kuwait City and to the agony endured by many of the people of this tiny Persian Gulf emirate. Following the liberation of Kuwait by the allied forces, stories of the atrocities inflicted on the people of Kuwait began to emerge, and with these revelations came too the story of many quiet heroes during this country's seven-month occupation. Two such heroes are brothers Ali and Suliman Houti. Early in September it had been reported by the World Society for the Protection of Animals that hundreds of animals left to die at the Kuwait Zoo when Iraqi soldiers had run the zoo staff off had been killed and eaten by Saddam Hussein's troops. Antelope, deer, gazelle and stork were just some of the 70% of edible species reported to have been slaughtered by the soldiers. Other animals were left in their cages to die of starvation and dehydration, while others were used for target practice by the soldiers. But some animals did manage to survive - thanks to the compassionate and determined assistance of Ali and Suliman Houti. Although apparently not officially connected with the zoo in any way (Ali was a cleaning company employee), these two men spent many hours caring for the animals that remained at the zoo. Many of the birds and small mammals had been taken by other Kuwaiti citizens to be cared for in their homes, but some of the larger animals, including lions, tigers and an elephant remained behind facing an uncertain future. At what was certainly great personal risk to themselves, the brothers scoured the garbage dumps of the city to find food to keep the animals alive. Houti says that the Iraqis were brutal to the animals, killing 200 in the zoo's collection. He says that the Iraqis shot at many of the animals and killed a large baboon after it mauled an Iraqi soldier to death. The soldiers took a llama, two baby lions, a giraffe and a camel back to Baghdad. When Kuwait City was liberated, what remained of the zoo's animal collection was discovered. An African lion had a bullet hole through its paw. An Elephant named Aziza suffered a bullet wound in its shoulder while a monkey limped about on three legs due to a bullet-wound to the hip. Of the several hundred former animal residents of the Kuwait Zoo, only 37 remained. They were wounded and in need of veterinary attention, but they were alive - a remarkable testament to the determination of two individuals. Since the city's liberation, an international animal welfare agency has brought veterinary care to the animals and they are now being fed. Members of the 431st Civil Affairs Company of Camp Robinson, Little Rock, AR are working with Kuwait volunteers to feed and water the animals at both the zoo and the city stables. However, it will take some time to rebuild the destruction wrought by warfare and to return the Kuwait Zoo to its former state. We have had several requests at Administrative Offices as to what AAZK members might be able to do to assist in this effort. We will be contacting the Kuwait Embassy in Washington, DC to determine what the needs are and how our members might be allowed to assist if they so desire. Watch for information in next month's Animal Keepers' Forum. Meanwhile, it has been suggested that Ali and Suliman Houti be recognized by AAZK for their compassion for and dedication to the Kuwait Zoo animal collection. The Board of Directors will be meeting for their mid-year meeting later this month and it is anticipated that they will make a determination then as how best to honor these two very special individuals. --S.C. 112 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 Coming Events Coral Reefs. Sharks and Iteef Fishes; Cigar Waters MyrHv Issues April 27, 19991 Minneapolis, MN The Minnesota Zoo and Bell Museum will co-host this international symposium at the Bell Museum in Minneapolis, For further information, contact Sue Ellis-Joseph, Minnesota Zoo, 13000 Zoo Blvd., Apple Valley, MN 55124 (612) 431-9226. Rhinoceros Biology and Conservation International Ktiino Conference May 9-11, 1991 San Diego, CA Will include keynote speakers and papers on topic areas including; National/Regional Management Strategies; Creating Self-sustaining Populations; Reproduction; Systematics, Evolution, Genetics; Diseases and Nutrition; and Captive and Other Managed Populations. For further information contact: Oliver Ryder, 1991 Rhino Conference, Zoological Society of San Diego, P.O. Box 551, San Diego, CA 92112-3952 U.S.A. International Australian Lungfish Breeding Workshop May 9-11, 1991 Cleveland, OH For more information contact Dan Moreno, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, 3900 Brookside Park Dr., Cleveland, OH 44109 (216) 661-6500, FAX: 216-661-3312. Arriving Behavioral Research to Zoo Animal Management June 8-15, 1991 Toronto, Canada Metro Toronto Zoo is host for this sixth annual workshop designed to give participants the skills and knowledge necessary to conduct and participate in behavioral studies and to apply information gained to day-to-day animal management. The workshop instructors are Dr. Michael Hutchins, Director of Conservation & Science, AAZPA and Dr. Jill Mellen, Conservation/Research Coordinator at the Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR. There are still some openings for this restricted-attendance workshop, so if you are interested, please contact: Marilyn Cole, 1991 Behavioral Workshop Committee Chairman, Metro Toronto Zoo, P.O. Box 280, West Hill, Ontario, Canada MIE 4R5. 1991 American Association of Zoo Veteranians Annual Conference September 28-October 3, 1991 Calgary, Canada This year's meeting will feature a seminar on Zoo Dentistry on Saturday, 28 Sept. Other sections of the program include controversies in animal welfare, zoonotic aspects of infectious diseases, anesthesia, clinical pathology, environmental toxins in free-ranging wildlife, wildlife rehabilitation in zoos, and presentatons on medical/surgical problems of captive wild animals. Additionally, there will be a student paper competition, wet labs, and a poster session. Deadline for receipt of papers is 1 May 1991. For general conference or association information contact: Wilbur Amand, VMD, Executive Director, AAZV, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th St. & Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104, (215) 387-9094; FAX (215) 38708733. Individuals interested in participating in the program should contact William Foster, DVM, Louisville Zoo, P.O. Box 37250, Louisville, KY 40213; (502) 459-2181. 113 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 From the President This is an AAZK election year. Three seats on the Board of Directors will be vacant on 31 December 1991 - those held by Frank Kohn, Bob Debets and yours truly. Frank and I have been on the Board since 1985 and Bob has served since 1988. The people running for office are prepared to commit themselves to four years of working voluntarily for this Association. Running in this years election are (in alphabetical order) Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo; Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo; Lois Johannes, Los Angeles Zoo; Ellen Bradfield, Zoo Atlanta; Rachel Rogers, San Diego Zoo: and Bill Whittaker, Toledo Zoo. Election ballots and biographical sketches of the candidates will be sent to all Professional members late this month. PLEASE take the time to read them carefully, cast your votes and mail them promptly. Every vote is importantl October is only, six months away and as we in the zoo profession once again ready ourselves for another busy year, we should also start to make plans to attend the 17th Annual AAZK Conference in Toledo. This year's conference dates are October 6-11 - please note that the Toledo conference will run from Sunday evening through Friday evening, a day longer than previous conferences, and make your plans accordingly. It promises to be a thought-provoking learning experience and, as always, a jolly good week. The Board is preparing for the mid-year meeting in Topeka April 29-May 1. May I remind you to send any items you wish to be addressed to any Board Member or to Administrative Offices before 15 April. You may FAX material to AO at (913) 272-2539. The Board of Directors always welcomes your suggestions. Oliver Claffey AAZK President Leifers io ibe Editor Dear Friends at AAZK: In regards to the “Keeper's Alert” announcment (AKF, Feb. 1991) by Staffan of San Antonio, TX - I don't know exactly what his “new technique” involves, but a perfect display egg can be blown out by inserting a syringe needle In the wide end of the egg and small amounts of air injected into the egg with the hole side down. The injected air will displace the egg's contents which will exit easily from the hole when the needle is removed. Precautions should be taken with very small, fragile eggs (such as dove eggs). A very small syringe should be used for these with minute quantities of air injected at a time. If an egg contains a partially developed embryo, the same method may be used: create a needle-sized hole, inject a liquid solution containng an enzyme detergent (or even bleach) and allow to stand until the egg's contents dissolve. Then proceed with the injected air method. I learned this procedure from an experienced keeper at the Little Rock Zoo (Kelli Westbrook) about ten years ago and the system has been around for quite some time. An ostrich egg can be cleaned out in less than ten minutes. Chris Rasums Zoo Keeper/JN Coordinator New England Science Center Worster, MA 114 Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 SPECTRUM Quality exotic animai diets Nutritionally balanced Fixed formulation • Economical When you need a complete line of high-quality dry and frozen animal diets for your feeding program, call Animal Spectrum. NEBRASKA BRAND S \ SPECTRUM BROOD-RITE HEATERS Frozen feline diets Frozen bird of prey diets Frozen canine diet Chunk and chopped horsemeat, hearts, livers, rib, shank, knuckle bones, and tailbones Banana flavored primate, 15% protein dry Banana flavored primate, Pro-Plus 25% protein dry Leaf Eater primate dry Omnivore dry Llama Vitamins & Minerals dry Polar Bear dry Marmoset/Tamarin dry Ratite dry Hoofstock supplement, with Selenium dry Bulbless heaters— nothing to break Safe around all animals and bedding material. Even heat distribution in 240, 500, or 750 wattages. GENTLE TOUCH^^ bedding One call does It all FREE 1-800-228-4005 FAX 308-534-7015 Animal Spectrum, Inc. P.O. Box 721 North Platte, NE 69103-0721 MEMO TO: Regional Coordinators, Chapter Liaisons, General Membership FROM: Mark de Denus/LINK Coordinator RE: Update on LINK System The last few months have seen the mechanism of the LINK network begin to function. Initial evaluation seems to indicate that the system is working though there is room for continued modification and improvement. Each Chapter Liaison was sent a package directly from me with LINK job description and duties/timetable and Semi-Annual Report Form. The CL Report was to be returned to the appropriate Regional Coordinator if the Chapter had one. I would remind each Chapter Liaison to familiarize themselves with their RC (See current list of RCs in this issue)). I am currently waiting for Semi-Annual Reports from Regional Coordinators which will summarize the information they have collected in the reports from Chapter Liaisons. I will present this data to the Board of Directors at the Mid-Year meeting later this month. This information (collected every 6 months) gives an indication of the state of the organization at a Chapter level and enables AAZK to monitor its memberships' activity and status. New RCs approved for the LINK system are: Mark Knop, Zoo Montana, P.O. Box 955, Billings, MT 59103 for the States of Montana, Wyoming and Idaho. Lucy Segerson, North Carolina Zoological Park, Rt. 4, Box 83, Asheboro, NC 27203 for the States of North Carolina and South Carolina. Debbie Jackson and Ann Rademacher, Little Rock Zoo, #1 Jonesboro Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205 for the States of Arkansas and Oklahoma. Please Note: Celeste Northrop, San Diego Zoo, is no longer RC for Southern California and Southern Nevada. I encourage any Chapters or individuals with questions, concerns or ideas to contact AO on their toll free numbers 1-800-242-4519 (US) or 1-800-468-1966 (Canada); or call me collect (204) 837-2916. NOTICE The LINK System Coordinator is now accepting applications for the positions of Assis- tant Coordinators - East and West An Assistant Coordinator oversees the general function and activities of Regional Coordinators in the areas east and west of the Mississippi. The A.C. must be willing to commimicate effectively and frequently with RCs and submit a semi-annual report to the LINK Coordinator. Interested persons should contact the LINK Coordinator with a short resume (zoo work history & activities) byl5Mayl99L Applications are also being accepted from interested persons in regard to current and futm'e LINK positions. The following areas currently do not have RC representation: Hawaii, Alaska, Illinois, southern and mid-California and southern Nevada. The LINK Coordinator is also interested in hearing from persons who would be inter ested ir futin^ positions as they arise. Applicants names would be kept on file for reference. Anyone interested in these current positions or who would like to be considered for future LINK positions, please send Mark de Denus a short resume by 15 May, 1991 at the following address: Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5. 116 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 AAZK Award Nominations Are Now Being Accepted for 1991! The AAZK Awards Committee would like to begin accepting nominations for the Certificate of Merit for Zookeener Education (CMZE) to be presented at the 1991 AAZK Conference in Toledo. The deadline for all award nominations is 1 June 1991. All award nominations received after 1 June will be reviewed for 1992, so please keep this in mind when submitting your nominations. All awards given by the AAZK do not have a minimum or maximum number offered each year. Also, if the nominees do not meet the qualifications and nominators do not follow the nomination procedures, they will not be considered for the award for which they were nominated. Please include scientific names of animals when they are included in the nomination of a special or outstanding breeding acknowledgment. Please submit all nominations to: Janet McCoy, AAZK Awards Chair Washington Park Zoo 4001 S.W. Canyon Rd. Portland, OR 97221 AAZK Certificate of Merit for Zookeeuer Education Award The American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. (AAZK) is the administering organization of the Certificate of Merit for Zookeeper Education (CMZE) presented by the AAZK Awards Committee. The purpose of the award is to recognize individuals, institutions and organizations in the zoological community most actively promoting educational programs for zookeepers. Examples of such support are: reimbursements for formal education, keeper training courses and staff seminars. The character of the award includes: a certificate, a letter of notification to the institution’s director, and national recognition by professional journals. Such journals include: the American Association of Zoological Parks & Aquariums (AAZPA) and the Canadian Association of Zoological Parks & Aquariums (CAZPA) Newsletters, Animal Keepers' Forum (AAZK), Awards. Honors and Prices: Vol 1: United States and Canada. The latter is published by Gale Research Company based in Wheaton, MD and found in medium to large sized libraries across the U.S. and Canada. The CMZE was founded by Jeff Roberts, 1976-78 CHAIR, in 1978, to compliment the work of the AAZK Education Committee that had been formed at that time. The award is presented at the annual AAZK National Conference. Qualifications; 1. Any staff individual, institution or organization from a North American zoo, aquarium or related facility is eligible. 2. The keeper training program must have been in existence for at least one year. Nomination Procedure; 1. If you feel that your institution, organization or staff individual merits such an award, please submit a letter of nomination which mentions specifically the educational programs that are offered. 2. Claims made should be backed up with documentation for the committee to review. 3. List the institution or organization's name, address, phone and ciurent Director. 4. Deadline for nominations is JUNE 1 of each year. Selection Ftoccdurc; The Awards Committee, consisting of five keepers, will independently review each nominee. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 117 ESP: Ecosystem Survival Plan’s Conservation Parking Meter Project Takes Off in San Francisco -excerpted in part from a San Francisco Zoo News Release by Lisa Lester On Thursday, 21 February, the first of potentially hundreds of Conservation Parking Meters to be installed in zoos across the country was unveiled at the San Francisco Zoological Gardens. This event brought to fruition the dream of the members of the Greater San Francisco Bay Area AAZK Chapter and ESP Coordinator Norman Gershenz to provide a way for the general zoo visitor to make a very real impact on tropical habitat protection. Under a contractual arrangement between AAZK, the participating zoological facility and The Nature Conservancy, coins collected in the converted parking meters will be given to The Conservancy for the purchase and protection of rainforest habitat. The Nature Conservancy was brought into the project to oversee the placement of funds and to manage the project with in-country partner organizations. An ESP Advisory Board will provide creative advice to the ESP Project Coordinator and assist with project selection decisions. The Nature Conservancy, as the administering on-site agency, has agreed to use 100% of the funds generated from the meters for the selected projects and to take nothing out for administrative costs. The meters themselves are a lesson in productive recycling. Old, out-of-service parking meters have been resurrected and redesigned to serve as donation collectors (see photo). Instead of a violation flag popping up when the dial is turned, a colorful hummingbird flies across the meter's face. Each meter carries the slogan “Give Your Change to Make a Change”. “The Conservation Meter’s first funding project is La Amistad Park in Costa Rica,” Gershenz said. “This area represents some of the most significant biodiversity on earth.” Gershenz reports that the ESP program has already been successful in raising funds to set aside over 500 acres of rainforest in Guanacaste National Park in Costa Rica. This was accomplished through the ESP's Adopt-an-Acre Program which has been in operation for several years. Of the Conservation Parking Meters Gershenz says: “When children understand what is happening to wild habitats around the world, they want to do something to help. The Conservation Parking Meter allows children to donate at their savings level - as little as a nickel - and have a real sense of ownership, of knowing where the money went and how it will help.” The Adopt-an-Acre Program has already generated interest and support from school children across the country who have collected their nickels and dimes through such projects as bake sales, recycling projects, etc. in order to be a part of this conservation project. The second Conservation Parking Meter was scheduled to be in place this month in Baltimore. When the prototype of the meter was displayed at both the AAZPA and AAZK national conferences this year, there was much interest from zoos in participating and over 70 facilities had expressed interest in obtaining a meter. The project has the potential for raising an amazing amount of funding for tropical habitat preservation. For example, with one million visitors to the San Francisco Zoo every year, the meter has the potential to raise as much as $250,000 annually if each visitor donated a quarter. That amount of money could purchase over 2,000 acres of tropical forest to be protected and preserved forever. Every $300 (that's 1,200 quarters) buys one hectare ( two and one half acres) of tropical rainforest on which you might find 10,000 mushrooms, 200 orchids, 100 scorpions, 100 vines, 20 toads, one pit viper, half a parrot and a few hairs (.1 percent) of a jaguar. Norman Gershenz and the GSFBA Chapter of AAZK are to be congratulated on all of their hard work and commitment to make this project a success. Now that the first two meters are in the ground, let's hope that many more will quickly follow. If you are interested in further information about the ESP Adopt-an-Acre or Conservation Parking Meter Program contact: Norman Gershenz, San Francisco Zoo, 101 Zoo Road, San Francisco, CA 94132. 118 Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 The brightly colored converted parking meter allows zoo visitors the opportimity to “Give Your Change to Make a Change”. Even a small child can preserve 18 sq. ft. of tropical rainforest with the donation of a single nickeL Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 119 AAZK Keeper Training Video Tape Project The goal of the AAZK Keeper Training Video Tape Project is to produce quality video tape training programs suitable to supplement existing in-house training of entry level keepers. These tapes are not intended to be a complete training program in themselves. All proceeds generated from the sale of training tapes will be used to finance production of future training tapes. Two tapes are cmrrently available. Zqq , Keeper ,, Safety ;^^AfirAUitu4^ A^ju^tm^nt - This 18-minute program does not attempt to address the numerous variable specifics of this subject. It presents a safety approach to the job of zoo keeping, and promotes constant awareness and personal responsibility for safety. A Zoo Keeper's Introduction to Feeds and Feeding - A half-hour introduction to the complex subject of feeds and feeding of zoo animals. Topics covered include what, when, and where to feed. AAZK Keeper Training Video Tape Purchase Agreement Responsibilities and Restrictions of the Buyer 1) The tape may not be duplicated or made available to any person or institution for the pmpose of duplication. 2) The tape may not be utilized for any commercial purpose. 3) Should the buyer decide the tape will not be useful to their train- ing program, the undamaged tape may be returned within 14 days of receipt for a partial refimd - $10 for BETA and VHS, $18 for 3/4-inch. For orders shipped outside USA please add $5.00 for postage and insurance. I, the undersigned, accept the responsibility for the restrictions listed above. Name: (type or print) Signatiure: Date: Organization/Institution: Shipping Address: City: St^tft! Zip: Telephone: ( ) Tape Title: Format: BETA VHS 3/4 INCH $25 $25 $35 Make checks payable to: ”AAZK ” Mail To: Training Videotapes, AAZK Administrative Offices, 635 Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. Conservation IP reservation & IPestoration Committee Alemo TO: AAZK Chapters/General AAZK Membership FROM: Bob Debets, Chairperson of the CPR Committee RE: Dispersal of Proceeds from the '91 Bowling for Rhinos Event At the 16th Annual AAZK Conference in New Orleans, the professional membership voted to support the creation of the Ngare Ndare Forest Reserve proposed by Ian and Jane Craig and the Ngare Nergoi Support Group. The proposal was that AAZK help raise funds ($160,000.00) to construct a fence to keep elephants out of the neighboring farmlands. Last year we held our first "Bowling for Rhinos" event and raised approximately $150,000.00. This year's event is being coordinated by Nanci Pintavalli who did a very successful job last year. It is quite likely that we could possibly raise in excess of the $160,000.00 needed for the Ngare Ndare Forest Reserve project. At this time the CPR Committee would like to ask the AAZK Membership to submit proposals for alternate projects to financially support should there be a surplus of funds raised during this year's BFR event. The surplus funds would be kept in a Conservation account in Topeka. When a list of potential projects are compiled and reviewed by the CPR Committee, this list will be published in AKF for members to see and a vote will be taken at Toledo, site of the 17th Annual AAZK Conference in October, on which projects would be funded. In the event that a lack of bonafide projects are proposed, the money will be held in trust until the following year. If you would like to nominate a project, please contact me for further information. Write or call: Bob Debets, CPR Chair Assiniboine Park Zoo 2355 Corydon Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada R3P OK5 Phone: (204) 986-4040 [work] FAX: (204) 896-3927 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 121 Chapter News San Diego AAZK Chapter Newly elected officers for 1991 are; President NolanHarvey (Mammals/Sea World) Vice Pres Steve Castillo (Mammals/S. D. Zoo) Secretary Lance Aubery (Mammals/SDWAP) Treasurer Ann Weaver (Children's Zoo) Chapter Liaison. ..Mary Dural (Children's Zoo) Andrew Johnson (Mammals/Sea World) steps down as President, but remains as Editor of the Chapter's newsletter, The Keener. Many thanks go out to the past officers for their dedication to the Chapter. -Mary Dural, Chapter Liaison National Zoological Park Chanter Ninteen-ninety ended the term of office for: Eric Krussman-President, Greg Peterson- Vice President, Teresa Cummings-Secretary, Melba Brown- Treasurer and Sally Hunt-Liaison. Among their achievements while in office is the successful, zoo-wide implementation of an ongoing aluminum “recycling” program. Much of the credit for this accomplishment goes to the officers and to keeper Ann Armstrong. Thanks to the dedication and determination of a number of people, the recycling of aluminum (and paper) are now standard practices at NZP. The Chapter also donated $140.17 earned from their bake sale at the NZP staff and volunteer Christmas party to the “Bowling for Rhinos” project. Keepers and volunteers from the National Zoo, the Baltimore Zoo, the Baltimore Aquarium, the Nature Conservancy and David Jenkins of AAZPA worked together to clean-up the trash left on the infield of the Pimlico racetrack after the Preakness. The money earned for this service, combined with the money received for recycling the aluminum collected during the clean-up ($5,000) was donated to the Nature Conservancy's “Adopt An Acre” program and was used to purchase rainforest for permanent protection. The “Preakness Trash Becomes A Rainforest Bash” project was such a success that it will be held again in 1991. Eric Krussman is actively soliciting for increased participation for this year's clean-up. More volunteers would allow us to be responsible for a larger area of the racetrack and result in increased compensation. The money will again be donated to purchase more rainforest through AAZK's Ecosystem Survival Plan and the Nature Conservancy. The new officers and project heads for the 1991/1992 term are: President Dennis Davis Vice Pres Carol Prima Secretary Melba Brown Treasurer Angela Marlow Liaison Kathy Kelly Births & Hatchings Jerry Harris Chairman/Recycling Program Eric Krussman -Kathy Kelly, Chapter Liaison Brookfield Zw Chapter AAZK Officers elected for 1991 are as follows: President Amy Flaherty Vice President Kathy Synder Treasurer Dave Thornton Chapter Liaison Karen Anderson Our aluminum recycling money continues to roll in with 30% of the funds going to conservation projects. We began our newest fundraising activity: selling spring flowers and bulbs. It is too early to tell if this venture will be a success. Our lecture series continued with an evening presentation on hay quality by the president of the Illinois Hay- growers Assocation. This was an 122 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 Chapter News. Continued informative talk particularly when we rated hay from different areas of the zoo. Upcoming lectures include a presentation by Commissary Keeper Jan Reiter about her vitamin E study done at Brookfield. Also we will have a slide/lecture presentation by Kathy Synder, Tropic World Keeper, on her recent trip to Africa. In June, our Chapter members will be assisting with the zoo’s activities for the Walk for Rhinos. -Karen Anderson, Chapter Liaison Smoto Moimtaia MZK Chapter The Smoky Mountain Chapter of the AAZK, in conjunction with the Knoxville Zoological Gardens, is pleased to offer limited quantities of Guy Coheleach prints. The profits from the sales will be equally divided between the two organizations. The prints available are shown below. Indiaji Rollers, initialed only 16" X 21” Feb. 77 $35.00 Leopard's Lair, signed only 2ff'xl5" Nov.'SO $30.00 Address orders to: AAZK Smoky Mountain Chapter, Knoxville Zoological Gardens, P.O. Box 6040, Knoxville, TN 37914. If you are familiar with Mr. Coheleach’s work, between the years 1973 to 1981, we invite your inquiries regarding the availability of any of his other prints. Columbus Zoo AAZK Chanter New officers are: President Lori Monska-Wright Vice Pres Carl Gyarmaty Secretary Julie Heininger Treasurer Beth Pohl Chapter Liaison Pat Currie The Chapter continues its recycling program with proceeds donated to conservation organizations chosen by members who staff the can trailer. The most recent donation was to the local humane society which is building a new facility. The Chapter will be hosting its annual Docent Appreciation Dinner this month. This dinner and an annual award recognizes the efforts of our docents on birth watches, animal observations, etc. The Chapter is working with our Education Dept, developing activities and displays for Earth Day and Conservation Weekend. The Zoo dedicated its new animal hospital in November. The Dr. C. Joseph Cross Animal Health Care FAcility is 9000 sq. ft. and features a surgical area, animal treatment room. X-ray facilities, quarantine and holding facilities and office space for the veterinarian and curator staff. -Pat Currie, Chapter Liaison Please include $5.00 for shipping costs. Allow 4 weeks for delivery. Make check or money order payable to: AAZK Smoky Mountain Chapter. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 123 Chapter News. Continued Audubon ZqqMZK Chapter GET ‘EM WHILE THEY LAST!! 1990 AAZK Conference T-Shirts are still available in Large and X-Large sizes only. Shirt is white with design either in black and white only ($8.00) or design in color ($10.00). The shirt design is the 1990 conference logo (see insert) When ordering please specify size and whether colored or black and white design is wanted. Include your complete mailing address and check or money order for correct amoxmt in U.S. Funds only. Make checks payable to Audubon Zoo AAZK Chapter. Send orders to: Denise McKinney, Audubon Zoo AAZK Chapter, P.O. Box 4327, New Orleans, LA 70178. .c.sOClAJ10/Vnr, AAZK Announces New Professional/ContributingMembers Chuck Ripka, Philadelphia Zoo (PA) John Cusson, Zoo Atlanta (GA) Cheryl Landry, Silver Springs Attraction (FL) Jason Shane, Sea World of Florida Daniel Blank, Busch Gardens (FL) Anne Flues-Dottore, Nashville Zoo (TN) Michael Arnold, Knoxville Zoo (TN) Bill McDowell, Toledo Zoo (OH) Terri Heminger, Toledo Zoo (OH) Elizabeth Johnson, Detroit Zoo (MI) Traci Eaton, Lake Superior Zool. Gdns. (MN) Randi Zagorski, Wildlife Educ. Found. (IL) Ned Warner, Kansas City Zoo (MO) Theresa Schawang, Kansas City Zoo (MO) George Leroux, Jr., Sunset Zoo (KS) Mike Sanning, Dallas Zoo (TX) Sandy Belinky, Pueblo Zoo (CO) Patricia Glow, San Diego Zoo (CA) Sharon Overholser, Baltimore Zoo (MD) Kelly Shannonhouse Santa Fe CCTZ (FL) Pedro L. Ramos, Sea World of Florida Kevin Shelton, Busch Gardens (FL) Lori Sims, Sea World of Florida James Dykes, Knoxville Zoo (TN) Elizabeth Firchau, Columbus Zoo (OH) Alan Fuller, Toledo Zoo (OH) David Clawson, ICPWA (OH) Caryn Amacher, Saginaw Children's Zoo (MI) David Bernier, Lincoln Prk. Zoo (IL) Beth Bishqp, Scales & Tales Zoo (IL) Jacque Blessington, Kansas City Zoo(MO) Denise Lenox, Kansas City Zoo (MO) Scott Tidmus, Sedgwick County Zoo (KS) Rob Yordi, Sea World of Texas Shirley Richardson, Los Angeles Zoo (CA) Diane Kisich, San Francisco Zoo (CA) Lisa A. Bryant, Oakland Zoo (CA) Jean Claude Laplante, Jardin Zool. de Quebec (Quebec, Canada) New Contributing Members California Living Museum, Bakersfield, CA Renewing Contributing Members 124 Virginia Zoological Society, Inc., Norfolk, VA Dr. William C. Sadler, Purina Mills, Inc., St. Louis, MO Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 1991 National AAZK Conference $266.00 per person (double occupancy) -includes: round trip transportation 2 ni^ts accommodation 2 limches 1 dinner -Fee due by 15 July, 1991 Departure: Satmrday, 12 October, 1991, 7:00 am. Return: Monday, 14 October, 1991, 7:30 pm. **Proof of citizenship is required on this trip** This month's clue: Hurry! Get your money in now! This trip is limited to 80 people! HOTEL REGISTRATION REQUEST 1991 National AAZK Conference October 6-11, 1991 Toledo, Ohio ^ Swa! 2429 South Reynolds Rd. Toledo, Oh 43614 • (419) 381-8765 Name Address City State/Province Zip/Postal Code Telephone# ( ) Arrival Date Check-out Date Room guaranteed by: Mastercard VISA American Express Credit Card # Expiration Date OR Check for one night's lodging (make check payable to Holiday Inn Southwyck). A 72-hour cancellation is required for a deposit refund. Accommodations Requested: Standard Room (1-4 persons) $58.00 Executive Tower (1-4 persons) $68.00 I will be sharing a room with Check-in time is 3:00 p.m.. Check-out time is 11:00 a.m. For additional information, please call the Holiday Inn Southwyck at (419) 381-8765. Reservation deadline is 15 September 1991. Thank you. Return this form to: HOLIDAY INN SOUTHWYCK 2429 South Reynolds Road Toledo, Ohio 43614 1991 AAZK Conference Registration Form October 6-11, 1991 Toledo, Ohio A PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT (one name only per form please) Name — Address City Zip/Postal Code Zoo Affiliation — AAZK Committee Member Is diis your first AAZK Conference? "HES NO How many attended? I will be submitting a paper YES NO ($25.00 will be refunded from registration fee upon acceptance of paper) Participating in Zoolympics? ____YES _____ NO I am bringing an auction item YES NO Vegetarian YES NO Please specafy type I am interested in a Conference T-shirt? ... YES NO ( S M L XL ) ARRIVAL date and time: AAZK membership status and fees: Member or Spouse $70.00 Non-member $85.00 Late Fee $10.00 (after 1 September 1991) Total fees enclosed $ _____________ PLEASE NOTE that registration fee DOES NOT include the Conference Proceedings. Information on how the Proceedings will be handled for 1991 will be published later. Registration Fee DOES include ALL LUNCHES during the week. Daily rates for individual events are available. Contact Wayne Carpentof- Days (419) 385-5721 Evenings (419)874-9913 Please make checks payable to: Toledo Zoo Chapter AAZK Return this form with fee to: Toledo Zoo AAZK Chapter, Conference '91, 2700 Broadway, Toledo, OH 43609 State/Province ___ Telephone# ( ) .^oClATIOft^r,. (O^itmhsv mm WdDlhdlaD^ (Q)Ihm DELTA AIRLINES is offering special discounts for our delegates. For information, call Delta or have your travel agent call 1-800-221-1212 and ask for special meetings network. Be sure to give our file reference number D51058 for the discoimt When making travel arrangements, please keep in mind that we have 49 zoos and aquariums in the Great Lakes Region including: Brookfield Zoo Glen Oak Zoo Lincoln Park Zoo John G. Shedd Aquarium Irvine Park Henry Villas Park Racine Zoo Milwaukee County Zoo LouisviUeZoo Potawatomi Zoo Ft Wayne Children's Zoo Mesker Park Zoo Akron Zoo Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Columbus Zoo Cincinnati Zoo Toledo Zoo Detroit Zoo Binder Park Zoo Potter Park Zoo John Ball Zoo Belle Isle Zoo Indianapolis Zoo Sea World of Ohio You may wish to include stops at some of these facilities in your pre- or post- conference travel plans. MlWOlFILiiSIEI? AAZK's two favorite amphibian mascots, Hozer and his Ultlc sidekick Elvis, need your help! At a special pre-conference gathering at the Columbus Zoo, Oct 4 -5, two lucky people will have a chance to win the fix)gs' life-long gratitude. More on this phenomenal opportunity (plus Zoo Tours and other events) in future issues of the Forum. Book Review Exploring Zoos: A Guide to Wild Animals in Captivity By Velma J. Vance 1990 Kendall-Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa 227 pgs. Paperback. Price: $24.95 Review by Aryan I. Roest Biological Sciences Dept. Cal. Poly. St. Univ. San Luis Obispo, CA As the title suggests, the emphasis of this book is the animals in zoos, although other topics are covered as well. The first chapter (5 pages) deals with a brief history of early zoos. The second chapter discusses the functions of zoos - two pages are devoted to Recreation, two more to Education, and the remaining five to Conservation. While brief, these sections include essential basic points. In its 13 pages, the third chapter discusses Exhibiting Animals. In an interesting fashion, various aspects of caging, housing, and exhibiting animals are presented. Some of the newer approaches (bird exhibits brightly lit, visitor spaces in the dark, etc.) are presented in more detail than are more traditional fences and moats. The fourth chapter, Watching Zoo Animals, about 67 pages, is the most useful and informative section of the book, for both employees and the general public. It is a well- written introduction to those types of animal behavior which are frequently seen in zoo animals. Activities associated with grooming and comfort, feeding, spacing and socializing, communicating and reproducing are all described and discussed, with a final portion that covers captive breeding. This chapter is the heart of the book, and by itself warrants the cost of purchase. It gives both zoo enthusiasts and workers a basic foundation of information from which they can develop their own detailed knowledge. The chapter will be an inspiration to many, and help them get started on the study of various behavior problems. The next chapter deals with the identification of various amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals which are regularly seen in various zoos. To some extent, it may appear superfluous, since most zoos have signs which identify their animals for the public. However, brief paragraphs of information for each species also include bits of information about them as well. The former use of clawed frogs for pregnancy testing, and the asymmetrical ears of owls, and the growth of algae on sloth hair, among many other things, are all mentioned. A checklist of zoo animals occupies the final few pages of the book, as well as a brief bibliography and index. The book is written in a straight-forward fashion, with a minimum of technical terminology. Numerous pen-and-ink drawings illustrate the text throughout and they are adequate to illustrate a particular behavior or species. However, it would have made a more attractive book had the original color photos been used. Dr. Vance is a professor of zoology at California State University, Los Angeles, where she teaches a course on zoo animals. The book was written as a text for that course. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 18, No. 4 125 Husbandry Hint - A Tranquilizer Dart Puller -submitted by Patricia McNaught Exotic Feline Breeding Center Rosamond, CA During a recent research project I participated in it was necessary to inject the subjects (in this case cougars and leopards) with hormones for a period of five days and later for tranquilization. As these cats differed in personality as well as how much human contact they were willing to tolerate, the Telinject® airgun was used for safety. In most cases after the dart was fired and injected, the cat's movement was sufficient to cause the darts to fall out for easy removal. In some cases however, the dart would remain in the cat. Not all cats will remove the dart themselves and if they do it can be damaged. As these darts are expensive and not good toys for the cats, their removal ASAP was necessary. In most cases after the shooter (me) left the area, other keepers the cats still had good rapport with would sit next to the chain link fencing and talk to the cats. Many times they were able to gently remove the darts when the cats would walk up to the fencing to get sympathy and a scratch on the rump. Caution was used at all times and no one was injured. The stress level for the cats was kept to a minimum. In the case of cats who would just not get quite close enough, or were not amiable, removing the darts was difficult. As this was the second time I had participated in a project like this and knew from past experience about this difficulty, I created a device that would make removing darts from these cats less difficult and less stressful for them. Do-^t Fuller Uooden Kake Handle, wf+ape +o preweni- splin+ers ffHf UlfYC- • - De+