S SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOUnillSNI NVINOSHimS SBiaVdQH LIB z 2 r* H r- m C/) « (/> \ ^ 'W^ S ^ 2 ^ > ! C/5 2 CO *2 (/y ^ :S SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNl NVINOSHill/\IS S3ldVd8n LIE ^ 2 ^ ^ 'V ^ y* A. XA WA ^ < o i; o ^ o Mi“’NViNOSHiiws S3iHvaan libraries^smithsonian'^institution^noi r- X, z r- z r; z ® S e o ^ r: \gto..vW ;o \tyS'^ .jS^I p Sym4. V ^ \jvash>^ m xcivpsHVi^ m CO '' ± c/7 ± CO S SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOUniliSNI NVINOSHillMS SSIBVaaiT LIE ^ z •, M z (/> . z ■ 2 I I ^^/)- ^ ^ f ^ > ' ^ g >■ ' s ■Z tn "2L if) CO vH^NVINOSHimS S3iaVHan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOI 2 \ — CO r: CO SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIXnilXSNI NVINOSHXmS SBiaVyaiT Lll m — X(iuij3i^ m - CO „ CO — Ni NViNOSHxms saiavaan libraries Smithsonian institution no 2 w z yi -z. “ CO :>< o ^ CO 2 CO * 2 c/) V 2 :S SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIXOXIXSNI NVINOSHXI^VS S3ldVa9n Lll ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniUSNI NVINOSHillNS SaidVdOn LI z 2 r* . z «” m m ^ z m >NI NVINOSHillNS S3 1 H Vd 8 n~L I B R A R I ES^SMITHSONIAN "'INSTITUTION NC z ^ ^ ^ 2 .V ^ I I 1 I I z W z OT • 2 w * 2 ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOlifliliSNI NVlNOSHilWS SSiyvasn Ul (/) ^ 5 X ^ Z a: < |o| q: O _ X^iUSt^ o ^ ;Nl"'‘NVINOSHimS S3 I dVd a n~^LI B RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN~*INSTITUTION NC r* > 2 r- Z 2 O >.>v ><'TaTJ>v O __ xT^oo’^JJ^ O ^ \ ^ -I- ^ S' 3J %f|s^ e: ^ WAr...vW^/ - re--/, -« w ^ m Xi^vosvii^' ^ m (/) * ' ~ in £ c/> ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniUSNI NVINOSHllINS S3ldVdan_E8 2 >. c/) z Z ^ - X o Mf -M. X - 5 3> ^ > ' S Xi^Vosv^ > 2 g z in 2 ^ INI NVmOSHimS S3IHVdan libraries SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NC in zz in in UJ uj tz. ><=vaxz:x ixi O 2 2 -J ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniUSNI NVINOSHIIWS SBIdVdan LI ^ ro > zo — vc; m SNI NVINOSHIIINS S3 I dVd 8 H^L I B R AR I ES^SMITHSONlAN“"jNSTITUTlON^NC ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniUSNI NVIN0SH1!WS^S3 I d Vd 8 in 2 in zz in UJ ,rs UJ g CO '1 'i r January 1994 Keepers' Forum \fn /y^f Dedicated to Professional Animal Care Animal ANIMAL KEEFm' FORUM, 635 S.W. Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606 Phone: 1-800-242-4519 (U.S.) 1-800-468-1966 (Canada) FAX 913-273-1980 January 1994 Volume Twenty-one Number One Editor-In-Chief: Susan Chan Associate Editors/Enrichment Options Coordinators: Kayla Grams, Topeka Zoo & Gretchen Ziegler, Wildlife Safari Park Book Review Coordinators: Melba T. Brown, National Zoo and Tom Aversa, Franklin Park Zoo Legislative Outlook Column Coordinator: Phyl Nilson Wojcik, John Ball Zoo Animal Keepers' Forum (ISSN 0164-9531) is a monthly journal of the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Ten dollars of each membership fee goes toward the annual publication costs of Animal Keepers' Forum . Third Class postage paid at Topeka, KS. Postmaster: Please send address changes to: American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Administrative Offices, 635 S.W. Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606-2066 Barbara Manspeaker, Administrative Secretary BOARD OF DIRECTORS Janet McCoy, Metro Washington Park Zoo, Portland, OR 97221-2799 Rachel Rogers, San Diego Zoo, San Diego, CA 92112 Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo, Tucson, AZ 85716-5830 Ellen Bradfield, Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30315-1440 Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Alan Baker, Burnet Park Zoo, Syracuse, NY 13204-2504 Ric Urban, Houston, Zoological Garden, Houston, TX 77030 President Vice President Immediate Past President COMMITTEES Nominations & Elections Chair - Vacancy Conservation. Preservation & Restoration Chair - Brett Sellers, Metro Washington Park Zoo Annual Conferences Coordinator - Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Public Education Chair - Elaine Puzo, Newark Museum Mini-Zoo Publications Funding David Luce, Chaffe Zoological Gardens/Fresno Exhibit Design Resource Notebook Michael Demlong, Phoenix Zoo AAZK Keeper Manual: USDA/AAZPA Inspection By-laws Chair - Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo Ethics Chair - Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo Rgsearch/Grants Chair - Susan Barnard, Zoo Atlanta Awards Chair - Jan McCoy, Metro Washington Park Zoo AAZK Development Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo AAZK Chapter Logo Products David Morror, Wichita, KS Standarrds - Rachel Rogers, San Diego Zoo MEMBERSHIP SERVICES L.I.N.K. Coordinator Animal Data Transfer Form Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo Bemie Feldman, Burnet Park Zoo Zoo University List Staff Exchange Mike Illig, Washington Park Zoo Dale Frerking, Kansas City Zoo Keeper Accommodations List AAZK Historian Todd Cleveland, Denver Zoo Heidi Fowle, Discovery Island AAZK Library Resources International Affairs Marilyn Cole, Metro Toronto Zoo Lesa Scheifele, Norwich, CT - Coordinator AAZK Training Materials Lois Johannes, L. A. Zoo - Sponsorship v Laura Treschel, Continuing Education Coordinator, Minnesota Zoological Gardens Coordinator Christina Simmons, Keeper Training Package Coordinator, San Diego Zoo PRESTDENTTAI. ADVISORS AAZPA Liaison Elephant Managers Association Ed Hansen, Reid Park Zoo Ron Ringer, San Diego Zoo Bowling for Rhinos CAZPA Liaison Patty Pearthree, Indianapolis Zoo Tom Mantil, Metro Toronto Zoo AAZK PUBLICATIONS ; CONTINUING DATA CQLLECILQN Zoo Infant Development Project - Harmony Frazier, Woodland Park Zoo (Mammals) Teri Maas/Maggie Liguori, Philadelphia Zoo (Birds/Nonpasserines); Kim Livingstone, L.A. Zoo (Passerines) Jeanne Boccongelli, Newark Museum Mini-Zoo (Reptiles); Linelle Lone, Denver Zoo (Amphibians) Diet Notebook. Mammals. Vol. II - Susan Bunn Spencer, Grand Rapids, MI printed on recycled paper Table of Contents Scoops & Scuttlebutt............... 2- 3 From the President 3 Coming Events 4 Births & Hatchings 5 Certificate of Excellence in Exhibit Renovation Criteria 6 - 7 1993 Conference Proceedings Information/Order Form 8 - 9 L.I.N.K. List of Regional Coordinators 10 Staff Exchange 1994........ .....1 1 Legislative Outlook (Wildbird Conservation Act) 12 - 13 Book Reviews (Lemurs of Madagascar and Mammals of the Neotropics). 14- 15 Information Please (seabird rehabilitation protocol) 16 AAZK Logo Accessories/Chapter Products.. 17 USFWS, International Paper Join Forces to Conserve Threatened Species 18 The History of Ngare Sergoi .....19 - 22 Chapter News 22 - 24 AAZK Announces New Professional/Contributing Members 24 Enrichment Options (Meerkat, Fennec Fox, Squirrel and Gorilla) 25 Smuggled Peruvian Primates Find Sanctuary at Primarily Primates, Inc 26 National AAZK Chapters T-Shirt Information and Order Form 27 Evolution, Innate Behavior, and Single Parent Child-rearing in Black-tufted Ear Marmosets 28 - 29 Opportunity Knocks 30 - 31 Publications Available (Biology & Management of Australasian Carnivorous Marsupials) 31 1993 Index ..32 - 36 Conference ‘94 - First Call for Papers/Posters TAN INSERT Information for Contributors Animal Keeners’ s Forum publishes original papers and news items of interest to the animal keeping profession. Non-members are welcome to submit articles for consideration. Articles should be typed or hand-printed and double-spaced. All illustrations, graphs, charts and tables should be clearly marked, in final form, and should fit in a page size no greater than 15cm x 25y2cm (6” x 10”). Literature used should be cited in the text (Brown, 1986) and alphabetically in final bibliography. Avoid footnotes. Include scientific name of species (as per ISIS) the first time it is used. Thereafter use common name. Use metric system for weights and measurements (standard equivalents may be noted in parenthesis). Use the continental dating system (day-month-year). Times should be listed as per the 24-hour clock (0800, 1630 hrs. etc.). Black and white photos only are accepted. Color slides should be converted to black and white prints (minimum size 3” x 5”) before submission. Clearly marked captions should accompany photos. Please list photo credit. Articles sent to Animal Keepers’ Forum will be reviewed by the editorial staff for publication. Articles of a research or technical nature will be submitted to one or more of the zoo professionals who serve as referees for AKF. No commitment is made to the author, but an effort will be made to publish articles as soon as possible. Lengthy articles may be separated into monthly installments at the discretion of the editor. The editor reserves the right to edit material without consultation unless approval is requested in writing by the author. Materials submitted will not be returned unless accompanied by a stamped, self- addressed envelope. Telephone or FAX contributions of late-breaking news or last-minute insertions are accepted as space allows. However, long articles must be sent by U.S. mail. Phone is (913) 272-5821 Ext. 31. FAX (913) 273-1980. DEADLINE FOR EACH EDITION IS THE 15TH OF THE PRECEDING MONTH Articles printed do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Animal Keepers* Forum editorial staff or the American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. Publication does not indicate endorsement by the Association. Items in this publication may be reprinted providing credit to this publication is given and a copy of the reprinted material is forwarded to the editor. Reprints of material appearing in this journal may be ordered from the editor. Back issues are available for $2.00 each. Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 1 This month’s cover features a Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus) named Sally, former matriarch of the Orangutan troop at the Los Angeles Zoo. Sally came to Los Angeles in May of 1956 and was an estimated 37 years old at the time of her death in December of 1989. During her 33+ years at L.A., Sally produced seven offspring (2.5), was an exemplary mother and very popular with Zoo visitors. Her daughter Eloise suffered paralysis in her arm and leg as a result of the umbilical cord being around her neck at birth. When Eloise gave birth to a son, Michael, she was not able to care for the infant, and it was subsequently successfully raised by Sally. Bornean orangutans are a highly endangered species due primarily to habitat loss in their native range. This cover was drawn by Mary Deckert, a docent at the L.A. Zoo and a very talented artist. Thanks, Mary! Scoops and Scuttlebutt 199jgJMe.x Ingl\i<^gc[ This Mpnth The index of Animal Keepers’s Forum. Vol. 20, Nos. 1 - 12, 1993 appears at the back of this month’s issue. We would like to thank Pam Talbot, a volunteer at Woodland Park Zoo, Seattle, WA, for again compiling this comprehensive index. Maintaining the index is a tremendous amount of work and takes time, patience and careful typing skills. Our sincere thanks once again to Pam for her hard work. In using the index, please note the legend of symbols which will assist you in knowing what a particular listing contains. Correction on Donation - Please Note In the December issue of AKF. an article in this column recognized a $253.12 donation sent to the Association by the Central Florida Chapter. The article said the funds were generated at a camp-out at Silver Springs, but were actually raised from the raffle of a medium sized brooder donated by Dean’s Animal Supply. We apologize for the error. Has Anyone Seen the Conference Photo Album? AAZK’s newly appointed Historian, Heidi Fowle, is interested in gathering as much AAZK history as possible and she needs your help. A call has gone out to all Chapters to add Heidi (address listed below) to their mailing lists for Chapter newsletters, minutes of Chapter meetings, photographs and write-ups on Chapter fundraisers, etc. We would also like to encourage individual AAZK members to contribute memorabilia (photos from conferences, local zookeeper events, etc.) to the AAZK archives. We would especially like to be able to document fundraising and public education events held by Chapters, so please consider sending a photo of the event along with a brief description of the activity to Heidi. All Chapters are especially asked to send a sample of any item especially produced for Bowling for Rhinos (i.e. pin, patch, T-shirt, Poster, etc) for the BFR file. News clippings of such events are also requested. You may send items to Heidi, an animal care specialist at Discovery Island - Walt Disney World, at the following address: Heidi Fowle, 2515 Emma St., Orlando, FL 32806. We are also trying to determine the whereabouts of the Conference Photo Album which was initially begun at the Winnipeg Conference 1986, It was believed to have last been sighted at the Toledo Conference in 1991. If anyone has it or knows where it is, please contact AO. 2 Animal Keepers Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 Snoops & Scuttlebutt. Continued Chanters Renewal Packets in the Mail This Month All Chapters are reminded that Recharter Packets were mailed this month and will be due back at AO by 1 March 1994. If your Chapter does not receive a packet, contact Barbara Manspeaker at AO. We request that you return the entire completed packet and your charter renewal check together in the same mailing. Receiving portions of the packet piecemeal will delay your Chapter’s recharter for 1 994. Please remember that all Chapter members and officers must be current members of AAZK, Inc. AAZK Research Grants for 1994 Available The American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. announces the availability of two $750.00 research grants in the field of zoo biology. Interested applicants should direct their inquiries to Sue Barnard, Chairperson, AAZK Research/Grants Committee, Zoo Atlanta, Department of Herpetology, 800 Cherokee Ave., SE, Atlanta, GA 30315. The deadline for submissions is 1 March 1994. From the President A question has arisen concerning a name change for ESP. The Ecosystem Survival Plan program (Adopt-an-Acre, Conservation Parking Meters and ESP program plan) is now under the auspices of the Center for Ecosystem Survival. ESP National Coordinator Norman Gershenz has obtained a 501(3)(c) nonprofit tax status for the Center. AAZK Inc., will continue to wholeheartedly endorse this important conservation project, but will no longer be a signatory party on ESP/Parking Meter contracts. From September ‘92 - September ‘93, the Conservation Parking Meters in zoos and aquaria collected $79,250.73. Chapters also participate in the Adopt-An-Acre program which raised $55,746.55, and the Preakness Clean-up which earned $8,600.00. These monies were used for the purchase and protection of endangered rainforest habitat in Central and South America. Some members have expressed an interest in lobbying for support of various bills or causes such as the reauthorization of the Endangered Species Act. This is a reminder that AAZK Chapters may not lobby as a group for any purpose as this might jeopardize our tax exempt status. Members as individuals may lobby for any cause. The only stipulation is that letters are not to be written on AAZK letterhead stationery nor the wording of such letters suggest or state outright that the lobby effort is on behalf of AAZK, Inc. or a particular AAZK Chapter. If you have any questions, please ask a Board member for clarification. We are here to serve you. With your support, we are looking forward to a prosperous new year for AAZK Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 3 Coming Events A Seminar of Behavior Modification Through Positive Training Techniques February 25-26, 1994 Cincinnati, OH Greater Cincinnati AAZK would like to invite neighboring AAZK members to our monthly meeting. Ted Turner, Curator of Training at Sea World of Ohio, will be our guest speaker. He will be discussing his training techniques and psychological principles - how we as keepers can redirect negative behavior in exotics to positive workable behavior (i.e. vomit throwing gorillas, abusive mothering and simply shifting animals by targeting). There will be a potluck dinner at 6 P.M. and time to share any news. The lecture will follow from 7-11 p.m. There will be a more indepth full day training on Saturday from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m. The cost to AAZK members is $25.00, Non-members $45.00. Housing is available upon request. To make reservations for Friday and/or Saturday, please call or write Becky Jones, 541 Terrace Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45220. (H) (513) 861-6123, (W) (513) 281-4701 ext. 8349. The Annual Conference of the National Wildlife Rchabilitators Association March 2-6, 1994 Wilmington, DE Tri-State Bird Rescue and Research, Inc. will be host to the symposium which will feature speakers on rehabilitation, education, administration, etc. Major sessions will include Habitat Assessment & Reintroduction Techniques; State & Federal Permit Forum; Veterinary; Waterbirds; and Mammals. Hands-on Workshops include Radio-Telemetry Techniques, Parasitology and Hematology. Publications of all previous symposiums are also available for reference to those in the field. For more information, contact; NWRA, 14 North 7 Avenue, St.Cloud, MN 56303 (612) 259-4086. lDl£rn.atiQnal CQnfgrgngg pn Qrang-yitePS; Thg Apg March 5-8, 1994 Fullerton, CA An International Conference on Orang-utans: The Neglected Ape will be co-hosted by the California State University, Fullerton; the Zoological Society of San Diego; and the Atlanta/Fulton County Zoo Inc. Paper and poster presentations are scheduled for 5-7 March, in Fullerton, CA, followed by a post-conference trip to the San Diego Zoo on 8 March, with attendees participating in workshops and tours. For registration information and abstract guidelines, please contact: Norm Rosen, Dept, of Anthropology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92634-9480, FAX: 310-798-0576. ARAZPA/ASZK Annual Conference April 17-22, 1994 Darwin, NT, Australia Joint meeting of the Australasian Regional Association of Zoo Parks and Aquaria and the Australasian Society of Zoo Keepers will be hosted by Territory Wildlife Park and Tipperary Sanctuary. For further information contact: Michelle Nuske, Conference Coordinator, Territory Wildlife Park, P.O. Box 771, Palmerston, NT 0831, Australia. Callitrichid Symposium May 1, 1994 Hershey, PA A symposium on the primate family Callitrichid will be held by the New World Primate Taxon Advisory Group preceding the 1994 Northeastern Regional AAZPA meetings. The symposium will focus on topics of husbandry, nutrition, behavior, reproduction, and field research. Poster, video, and oral presentations are invited. Deadline for submission of abstracts is 15 February 1994. Registration fee will be $25.00. For more information, contact Andy Baker or Beth Bahner, Philadelphia Zoo, 3400 W. Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104, (215) 243-1100, FAX: (215) 243-0219. 4 Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 Births & Hatchings Buffalo Zoological Gardens (Buffalo. NY) ...announces the following B&H from January 1992 to Sepember 1993: Mammals - 1.2 Addax (Addax nasomaculatus) [E/SSP]; 1.0 Gaur (Bos gaurus) [E/SSP]; 7.10.11 Cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) [E]; 9.7.12 Chinchilla {Chinchilla laniger) [E]; 8.7.2 Clouded leopard {Panthera nebulosa) [E/SSP]; 13.11 Markhor {Capra falconeri cashmirensis) [T]; 6.2 Roan antelope {Hippotragus equinus cottini) [T]; 0.0.1 Lowland gorilla {Gorilla g. gorilla) [E]. Birds - 2.1.9 White-crested turaco {Tauraco leuolophus) [U]; 2.0.3 Scarlet macaw {Ara macao) [T]; 0.0.2 Golden eagle {Aquila chrysaetos) [T] [release program]; 2.0.1 WHiite- naped crane {Grus vipio) [E/SSP]; 0.2.5 Lady Ross’ turaco {Musophaga rossi) [U]; 0.0.1 Cinereous vulture {Aegypius monachus) [T]; 0.2 Andean condor {Vultur gryphus) [E/SSP]. Reptiles - 0.0.1872 Puerto Rican crested toad {Peltophryne lemur) [E/SSP] [release program]; 0.0.3 Solomon tree skink {Corucia zebrate) [T] [1st time birth and twining for institution - 0.0.1 twin DNS]; 0.0.2 European glass lizard {Ophisaurus apodus) [1st time hatching for group and institution]; 0.0.6 Timber rattlesnake {Crotalus horridus) [E] [release program], submitted by Sherri Doherty, Secretary, Western New York Chapter, AAZK, Buffalo, NY. Sedgwick Countv Zoo (Wichita. KS). i..reports the following significant B&H for 1993: Mammals - 0.1 Columbian black spider monkey {Ateles fusciceps robustus) [CITES II - 1st for pair]; 1.0 Sumatran orangutan {Pongo pygmaeus abelii) [SSP - 1st for pair]; 1.0.1 New Guinea singing dog {Canis familiaris hallstromi) [1st for pair - 0.0.1 DNS]; 0.0.6 African wild dog {Lycaon pictus pictus) [1st for pair and zoo - SSP - 0.0.3 DNS]; 1.0 Black rhinoceros {Diceros bicornis michaeli) [1st for pair, zoo, state - SSP/E]. Birds - 0.0,1 Verditer flycatcher {Muscicapa thalassica) [1st zoological hatching]; 1,0 Large niltava {Nilvata grandis) [1st zoological hatching in U.S.]. Amphibians and Reptiles - 0.0.5 Neara poison dart frog {Phyllabates bicolor) [1st hatching for pair and zoo - CITES II - 0.0.4 DNS]; 0.0.87 Green and black poison dart frog {Dendrabates auratus) [CITES II]; 0.0.3 Spotted pond turtle {Clemmys guttata) [1st hatching for pair and zool; 1.1.15 Jackson’s chameleon {Chamaeleo jacksonii) [1st for pair and zoo - CITES II - 0.0.14 DNS], submitted by Joyce Kaplan, Chapter Liaison and Zookeeper, Sedgwick County Zoo, Wichita, KS. Beloved Panda Tohui Dies at Chapultepec Zoo The first naturally-conceived panda born in captivity outside of China, died in mid- November at Mexico City’s Chaupultepec Zoo. The AP report said she died in her sleep at the age of 12 years. Pandas normally live up to 20 years in captivity. While no cause of death had been announced, Tohui had been diagnosed with a chronic intestinal inflamation. The panda’s name, Tohui, means “child” in the language of Mexico’s Tarahumara Indians. She had been a favorite of Mexican school children since her birth in 1981. Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 5 AAZK Award Nominations Are Now Being Accepted for 1994! The AAZK Awards Committee would like to begin accepting nominations for the Certificate of Excellence in Exhibit Renovation (CEER) to be presented at the 1994 AAZK Conference in Omaha. The deadline for all award nominations is 1 June 1994. All award nominations received after 1 June will be reviewed for 1995, so please keep this in mind when submitting your nominations. All awards given by the AAZK do not have a minimum or maximum number offered each year. Also, if the nominees do not meet the qualifications and nominators do not follow the nomination procedures, they will not receive the award for which they were nominated. Please include scientific names of animals when they are included in the nomination of a special or outstanding breeding acknowledgment. Please submit all nominations to: Janet McCoy, AAZK Awards Chair Metro Washington Park Zoo 4001 S.W. Canyon Rd. Portland, OR 97221 CERTIFICATE OF EXCELLENCE IN EXHIBIT RENOVATION (CEER) The American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc. (AAZK) is the administering organization of the Certificate of Excellence in Exhibit Renovation (CEER) presented by the AAZK Awards Committee. The purpose of the award is to recognize institutions or organizations in the zoological community for the design and renovation of existing animal facilities which involved active keeper participation in the process. The character of the award includes; a certificate, letter of notification to the institution’s director and national recognition by professional journals. Such journals include: the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums (AAZPA) and the Canadian Association of Zoological Parks and Aquarium (CAZPA) Newsletters. Animal Keeners’ Forum (AAZK), Awards. Honors and Prizes: Volume 1; United States and Canada. The latter being published by Gale Research Company based in Wheaton, MD and found in medium to large sized libraries across the U.S. and Canada. The CEER was established by Janet McCoy, 1990 CHAIR. Bill Whittaker proposed the award to the AAZK Board of Directors. The award is presented at the annual AAZK National Conference. Qualifications; 1. Any North American zoological institution or organization is eligible. 2. The renovated exhibit must be in full operation for at least two years. 3. ' The exhibit must be nominated by a keeper at the same institution or organization. Supporting nominations may be submitted by management personnel from the same institution. Nomination Procedure; 1. List institution or organization’s name, address, phone and Director. 2. Document local awards or commendations for exhibit, drawings, 8x10 color photos - no slides - (2 before and 8 after), and renovated exhibit type: single or multispecies, and size. 3. Document keeper participation in the design and why the existing facility was renovated. 6 Animal Keepers Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 CEER Award Criteria, Continued 4. Document interface with other zoo divisions; and maintenance of exhibit after completion. 5. The deadline for nominations is JUNE 1st of each year. NOTE; Materials will not be returned, but forwarded to the Exhibit Design Committee. Selection Procedure; The Awards Committee, consisting of 5 keepers, will independently review each nominee. The evaluation of each nomination is broken down into four categories based on the general guidelines outlined for the award. The four categories are: Keeper Involvement, Exhibit Functionality, Exhibit Management and Visitor Point of View/ Other Information. Items the committee is looking for are the followdng: A . KEEPER INVOLVEMENT; a) degree of keeper involvement with conceptual development of exhibit b) degree of keeper involvement with facilitation of completion of exhibit, (fund raising, promotion, assist with construction) c) contribution to educational experience (graphics, conservation message) d) originality - is it something new and different, or has it been tried before B . EXHIBIT FUNCTIONALITY: a) versatility - indoor/outdoor, four seasons, protection from elements b) accommodates and encourages animal's natural behavior - climbing structures, land area, height, water c) hard (gunite, concrete) vs soft (grass, dirt) environments - as to animal needs d) sight lines valuable to animal as well as visitor - important to some animals (polar bear, chimps) e) physical and visual barriers for animal’s use, animal safety f) flexible entrance/exits (hoofstock - more than one entrance) g) ability to exhibit natural social grouping h) breeding success C. EXHIBIT MANAGEMENT: a) how management of exhibit interfaces with other zoo divisions (grounds, maintenance - simple repair, paint) b) keeper serviceability, overall maintenance of exhibit and surroundings c) adequate drains and properly located d) quality and versatily of holding areas - ease of separating animals, moving, breeding, sick e) keeper sight lines - can you see animal when they come into holding or when shifting them between areas, keeper safety f) ease of providing time change items (browse, logs, feed, novel objects) g) environmental control (ease of seasonal adjustments - ventilation, heat) D . VISITOR POINT OF VIEW/OTHER INFORMATION: a) educational experience (conservation message) b) immediate and sustained viewer interest c) sight lines - not see doors, drains, fencing - does it have esthetics d) bonus point'- local awards, commendation, "wow" factor e) include anything else pertinent to the renovated exhibit that you think is important Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 1 1993 Conference Proceedings Order Form you are interested in obtaining a copy of the Proceedings containing the papers presented at the 20th National AAZK Conference held in Atlnata, GA, you wiU need to fill out and prepaid in U.S. Funds Only. AUow 4-6 weeks following deadline for receipt of publication. Prices are as follows: $18.00 $25.00 AAZK Member Non-Member Postage for U.S. orders is included. Canadian and overseas orders should add $3.00 for Air Mail postage to Canada and Surface postage elsewhere. Overseas orders wishing Air Mail service should add $10.00. Make checks payable to AAZK, Inc. Note: Individuals who presented papers at the Conference and submitted a manuscript for inclusion in these Proceedings will receive a gratis copy. If a manuscript was not submitted, a gratis copy will not be sent, and those individuals will need to order a copy. The following papers are included in these Proceedings: Creating a Rain Forest in Seattle ~ Lowry Park and Florida Wildlife: A Commitment to Conservation and Restoration ~ Endangered Species Act Workshop ~ The Development of an Enrichment Masterplan ~ Exotic Animal Dentistry ~ The Value of Hands-On Management in the Bird Department at the Houston Zoological Gardens ~ Snake Bite Procedure Training Program ~ It’s a Big World Out There (And What You, As A Zookeeper, Have To Offer It) ~ Behavioral Training of Hylobates lar at the Indianapolis Zoo ~ The Effects of Exhibit Expansion on the Behavior of a Mandrill Troop ~ The Captive Breeding and Management of the Blackbacked Duiker at the Memphis Zoo ~ The Captive Maintenance and Propagation of Pongona vitticeps, Inland Bearded Dragon ~ Aiding in the Development of Captive-born North American River Otters ~ Case History of the Hand-rearing and Reintroduction of Two Male Spectacled Langurs ~ Animal Enrichment at the Columbus Zoo Don’t Wait - Just Do It! ~ In Situ Conservation in the Ex Situ Community: Keepers Saving the Wild ~ Quarantine: Why is it Necessary? ~ A Nocturnal Behavioral Study of Three African Elephants at Zoo Atlanta ~ Reproductive Management of African Lions at the Topeka Zoo ~ Rhino Training ~ 1993 Bowling for Rhinos Workshop - Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Medicine - CPR - for the Smaller Species of the Family Felidae ~ Update on Ngare Sergoi Rhino Sanctuary ~ Environmental Enrichment WorkshopA?ideo Exchange. Feel fiiee to photocopy the form on the adjoining page to place your order. Proceedings Order Form (PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT) I wish to order ______ cx)py(s) of the 1993 Atlanta Conference Proceedings. # of copies X price per copy = $ Additional postage (if applicble) is $_^ Total payment for tiiis order is (make checks/money orders payable to AAZK) My check is enclosed Please charge to my VISA or MASTERCARD (circle) Card # _____ - _____ - _____ - _____ Expiration date: Name on card Signature Please mail to me at address given below: Name Address — City — State/Province Coimtry Zip/Postal Code Send this Order Form along with check or money order or payment authorization via credit card to: AAZK Conference Proceedings, 635 S.W. Gage Blvd., Topeka, KS 66606. ORDERS MUST BE RECEIVED BY 10 FEBRUARY 1994 Proceedings are only available by sending in your order form now. Once the initial printing is done, complete sets of Proceedings will no longer be available. After the deadline, only individual copies of papers will be available at $2.00 each. So ORDER NOW I L.I.N.K. (Liaison and Information Network for Keepers) Coordinator for the LINK System; Mark de Denus, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3P OR5. (204) 986-6921 [w]; (204) 837-2916 [h] Regional Coordinators ALABAMA - Fred Alvey, Zoo Atlanta, 800 Cherokee Ave. S.E., Atlanta, GA 30315 ALASKA - Vacancy ARIZONA - Bruce Eneboe, Reid Park Zoo, 1100 S. RandolphWay, Tucson, AZ 85716 ARKANSAS - Debbie Jackson or Ann Rademacher, Little Rock Zoological Gardens, #1 Jonesboro Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205 CALIFORNIA (Northern)- Jean Lai, Oakland Zoo, 9777 Golf Links Rd., Oakland, CA 94605 and Ruby Lara, Sacramento Zoo, 3930 West Land Park Dr., Sacramento, CA 95822-1123 CALIFORNIA (Southern) - Johnny Merk, EFBC, HCR #1, Box 84, Rosamond, CA 93560 COLORADO - Suzanne Chacon-Brennan, Denver Zoo, City Park, Denver, CO 80205 CONNECTICUT- Jeanette Nadeau, Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, RI 02905 DELEWARE - Theresa Maas, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th & Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104 FLORIDA - Rick Smith, 5752 Stoneridge, Orlando, FL 32839 GEORGIA - Fred Avey, Zoo Atlanta, 800 Cherokee Ave. S.E., Atlanta, GA 30315 HAWAII - Vacancy IDAHO -Vacancy ILLINOIS - Pat Swieca, 5710 W. Cullom Ave., Chicago, IL 60634 INDIANA - Vacancy IOWA - Carla Wieser, Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo, 10th St. & Deer Park Blvd., Omaha, NE 68107 KANSAS - Vacancy KENTUCKY - Scott Wright, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, 3900 Brookside Park Dr., Cleveland, OH 44109 LOUISIANA - Vacancy MAINE - Jeanette Nadeau (see addresses under CT) MARYLAND - Theresa Maas, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th & Girard Ave., Philadelphia, PA MASSACHUSETTS - Jeanette Nadeau (see addresses under CT) MICHIGAN - Vacancy MINNESOTA - Tim Hill, Minnesota Zoological Gardens, 13000 Zoo Blvd., Apple Valley, MN 55124 MISSISSIPPI - Jeannie Frazier, Jackson Zoological Park, 2918 W. Capitol, Jackson, MS 39209 MISSOURI - Vacancy MONTANA - Vacancy NEBRASKA -Carla Wieser (see address under Iowa) NETVADA - Patricia Simonet, Wildlife Safaris, P.O. Box 6735, Incline Village, NV 89450 NEW HAMPSHIRE - Jeanette Nadeau (see addresses under CT) NEW JERSEY - Frank Leonard, Bronx Zoo, 185th & Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10460 NEW MEXICO - Bruce Eneboe, Reid Park Zoo, 1100 S. RandolphWay, Tucson, AZ 857716 EAST NEW YORK - Prank Leonard, Bronx Zoo, 185th & Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10460 WEST NEW YORK - Aan Baker, Burnet Park Zoo, 500 Burnet Park Dr., Syracuse, NY 13204 NORTH CAROLINA - Lucy Segerson, North Carolina Zoo, Rt. 4, Box 83, Asheboro, NC 27203 NORTH DAKOTA - Bob Debets, Assiniboine Park Zoo, 2355 Corydon Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada R3P 0R5 (204) 986-6921 [w] OHIO - Scott Wright, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, 3900 Brookside Park Dr., Cleveland, OH 44109 OKLAHOMA - Debbie Jackson or Ann Rademacher (see addresses under AR) OREGON - Anna Michel, Washington Park Zoo, 4001 SW Canyon Rd., Portland, OR 97221 PENNSYLVANIA - Theresa Maas, Philadelphia Zoo, 3400 W. Girard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 RHODE ISLAND - Jeanette Nadeau (see addresses under CT) SOUTH CAROLINA - Lucy Segerson, North Carolina Zoo, Rt. 4, Box 83, Asheboro, NC 27203 SOUTH DAKOTA - Bob Debets (see address under ND) TENNESSEE - Gail Karr or Cindy Pinger, Memphis Zoo & Aquarium, 2000 Galloway, Memphis, TN 38112 TEXAS - Ann Marie Greco, 5903 Danny Kaye #2104, San Antonio, TX 78240 UTAH - Suzanne Chacon-Brennan, Denver Zoo, City Park, Denver, CO 80205 VERMONT - Jeanette Nadeau (see addresses under CT) VIRGINIA - Theresa Maas, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th & Girard , Philadelphia, PA 19104 WASHINGTON - Elandra Aum, Woodland Park Zoo, 5500 Phinney Ave. N, Seattle, WA 98103 WEST VIRGINIA - Theresa Maas, Philadelphia Zoo, 34th & Girard , Philadelphia, PA 19104 WISCONSIN -Wayne Hazlett, 3768 S. 89th St., Milwaukee, WI 53228 WYOMING - Vacancy DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA - Theresa Maas (see address under PA) Province of Ontario - Vacancy Provinces of Manitoba & Saskatchewan - Bob Debets (see address under ND) Province of Quebec - Vacancy Provinces of Alberta & British Columbia - Grant Tkachuk, 10139 157th St., #206, Edmonton, Aberta T5P 2T9 Atlantic Canada - Bernard Gallant, RR # 7, 1081 Ryan Road, Moncton, N.B., ElC 8Z4 10 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21 , No.l, 1994 Staff Exchange - 1994 By Dale Frerking, Staff Exchange Coordinator Kansas City Zoo, Kansas City, MO In January 1993, shortly after publication of last year’s “Staff Exchange” report, a steady stream of letters began materializing for us to keep current with. That clued us to the fact that there is a lot of interest in Staff Exchange, although we were fairly certain of that already. For new AKF readers and others. Staff Exchange is a Membership Service of AAZK, Inc. We provide, free of charge, basic resource materials with information helpful to persons interested in pursuing a reciprocal exchange with an employee in another zoological institution, or alternately, a working visit to another facility. It is recognized that participants and institutions gain new and broader knowledge of techniques, tools, natural history, and husbandry philosophies when exposed to others’ operations; often increasing enthusiasm and a sense of responsibility to the community of wildlife care providers as a whole. One useful resource is the staff Exchange Access List. This document lists all the institutions (zoos, aquariums, animal farms, living museum collections, etc.) that have expressed interest in, or responded to previous information requests from this Project. Currently listed are 70 entries from the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand, although we do hear from other zoos and countries in routine correspondence. Last year we reported that the Exchange Access List would be updated. This has been done and is now being sent out to individuals who would like to write and ask for it. In our continuing dedication to creating a world-wide network of institutions that are interested in exchanging staff as an on-the-job training tool, we are corresponding in a number of areas. Animal care facilities in Mexico, Canada, and India have or will be contacted to consider participation on the Access List, along with many American zoos that have not previously registered with the Project. Inquiries have been made to The Association of Zoological Horticulture; and International Zoo Educators regarding their exchange programs for possible inclusion/association with the AAZK Exchange List in the future. We have also spoken with ZCOG (Zoo Conservation Outreach Group) who are in need of personnel to utilize in Central American areas. As always, any individuals or institutions worldwide are welcome to write for information on exchanging, or adding their facility to the Access List. Requesting information or registering on the Access List in no way obligates any participation in an exchange or visit. This project is not a governing body, nor will we set up exchanges; our purpose is information dissemination. From the correspondence received, it is apparent that there is much interest in exchanges. It is also apparent that there is much diversity in institutional procedures and availability for exchanges. Many zoos successfully complete exchanges of varying lengths of time, and of those, some are registered with this Project and some are not. Some zoos’ inherent policies discourage possibilities for staff exchange; some zoos financial, union, or insurance intricacies deter them from seriously exploring exchanges. Many zoos simply don’t address it until a proposal is on the table. The key words in most cases are perseverance, flexibility, and creativity. Opportunities are available for those who will find them. Rewards of knowledge and professional interaction are in store for those institutions and individuals who take the opportimities. For more information contact: Dale Frerking, AAZK Staff Exchange Coordinator, Kansas City Zoo, 6700 Zoo Drive, Kansas City, MO 64132-4200. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 11 Legislative Outlook Compiled by Phyllis Nilson-Wojcik Legislative Advisor Importation of Exotic Birds to the United States: Final Rule Implementing the Wildbird Conservation Act of 1992 Agency: Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior Action: Final Rule Federal RegisterA^ol. 58 No 219/Tuesday, November 16, 1993 Summary: On October 1992, the Wild Bird Conservation Act of 1992 (WBCA) was signed into law, the purposes of which include promoting the conservation of exotic birds by: ensuring that all imports into the United States of species of exotic birds are biologically sustainable and not detrimental to the species: ensuring that imported birds are not subject to inhumane treatment during capture and transport: and assisting wild bird conservation and management programs in countries of origin. This final rule implements the prohibitions stipulated in the WBCA and provides permit requirements and procedures for some allowed exemptions. This rule also replaces the feather importation quota regulations. Effective Date: this rule is effective November 16, 1993. For further information contact: Dr. Susan Lieberman, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Management Authority, 4401 N. Fairfax Dr., Room 420 C, Arlington, VA 22203. Wild Bird Conservation Act of 1992 - “Summaiy of Effects” Fact Sheet published by USFWS 11/93 The Wild Bird Conservation Act (Act), a significant new step in international conservation efforts to protect exotic birds subject to trade, became effective on October 29, 1992. The Act focuses on bird species listed on the Appendices to Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). If you import birds, you must now meet requirements imposed by this new law in addition to existing requirements imposed by CITES, the Endangered Species Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, or other regulations that may apply. It is important to note that the Act does not cover exotic bird products or all birds. The following birds are exempt from the provisions of the Act: - birds native to the 50 States and the District of Columbia - domestic poultry, sport-hunted birds, museum specimens, and dead scientific specimens, - birds in the families Phasianidae (pheasants and quail), Numididae (guineafowl), Cracidae (guans and currasows), Meleagrididae (turkeys), Megapodidae (megapodes), Anatidae (ducks, swans and geese), Struthionidae (ostrich), Rheidae (rheas), Dromalinae (emus), and Gruidae (cranes). 12 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 Legislative Outlook. Continued Importations Allowed Under die Act -PERMIT REQUIRED- The USFWS may issue permits to allow importation of otherwise prohibited species if the Service determines the importation does not undermine the species’ survival. A permit must be issued by the Service prior to importation. Permits may be issued only for the following purposes: - scientific research; - zoological breeding or display; - pet importation when owners are returning to the U.S. after at least a year’s absence; - cooperative breeding programs, if the programs have been approved by the Service, In addition, the Service allows birds listed under CITES that were exported from the U.S. by their owners to return to the U.S. These importations are allowed provided the birds were exported legally with a CITES permit and a copy of that permit is presented when the birds are to be returned to the U.S. Also, owners must accompany these birds when they are returned to the U.S. -PERMIT NOT REQUIRED- The Act provides for certain otherwise prohibited importations without a permit provided the Service has approved the species, the captive breeding facility, or a scientifically based management plan for the species. The Service has not approved any species, breeding facilities, or management plans to allow for imports without a permit. In the future, the Service will publish an approved list for each of the following categories: - certain approved captive-bred species, - certain species from approved foreign captive breeding facilities, and - certain wild-caught species from countries with approved management plans. Until the Service has issued approved lists of species, their import will not be allowed. APPLYING FOR A PERMIT TO IMPORT BIRDS - Permit applications and any other information you may need are available from the Office of Management Authority, Elephant Hospital Opens in Thailand In Thailand, there is a whole new and horrendous meaning for the term “working for “peanuts”. Bankok officials opened a hospital this past summer to treat severely ill elephants that, according to an article in The New York Times (July 26, 1993) “...had been fed fistfuls of amphetamines so they could work longer hours hauling logs from the jungle.” These drug-addicted elephants were not the new facility’s only patients. As reported mThe Times, the hospital, run by The Forest Industry Organization, also had to provide medical care for a number of elephants that had broken legs, caused by grueling working conditions. The decision to open the hospital was made by The Forest Industry Organization after 13 sick elephants had been turned over to it; in addition, 19 elephants were seized for violations of forestry laws, -from Animal Watch, Winter V3 ASCPA Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21 , No.l, 1994 1 3 Book Lemurs of Madagascar and the Comoros The lUCN Red Data Book C. Harcourt and J. Thomback, 1990 lUCN Publications Services 219c Huntington Rd., Cambridge CBS ODL, UK Hardback, 240 pp. “Its mission is to support conservation and sustainable development by collecting and analyzing global conservation data so that decisions affecting biological resources are based on the best available information.” This is the mission of the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, a joint venture between the lUCN, WWF and UNEP, who compiled the following publication. On an island from which all the primates are declining each year, except Homo sapiens, a book such as Lemurs of Madagascar and the Comoros seems in earnest. Lemurs are found nowhere else in the world and fourteen species of lemur have already vanished since the arrival of humans on this 587,000 sq. km. “microcontinent”. This book is an excellent compilation of the 30 remaining lemur species recognized for Madagascar. It provides an incisive look into the world of a unique primate and discusses options for their continued conservation. In Lemurs of Madagascar and the Comoros, authors Caroline Harcourt, a primatologist, and Jane Thornback, compiler and editor of the lUCN Mammal Red Data Book, compiled what appears to be the extent of our current knowledge on lemurs into an easy-to-read, organized guide to a little understood group of primates. The book begins with two prefaces which emphasize a need to fill glaring gaps in our basic knowledge of lemurs. The lUCN Threatened Species Categories list follows, which defines the varying degrees of threat for species identified as being threatened by the lUCN. The Introduction is an excellent synopsis of Madagascar’s flora and fauna. It provides information concerning the island and its inhabitants as well as outlines the extent to which lemur habitats are disappearing. Two maps compliment the text concerning the distribution of vegetation types and a look at the progressive deforestation of rain forests in eastern Madagascar over time. A list of the lemurs of Madagascar and their degree of threat follows the introduction. The next section of the book deals with the protected areas which are recognized in Madagascar. The nature reserves and protected parks are divided into six categories of protected areas which are defined in the text. A listing of which lemurs are present in each protected area is provided along with maps which pin-point the locations of each protected area. Maps also illustrate major river systems and the location of some towns which may later be used as reference points in the text. The lUCN/Species Survival Commission Primate Specialists Group (PSG) role, goals and conservation efforts follows providing the reader with an outlet from which further information about Action Plans and primate conservation may be obtained. The remainder of the book is devoted to the data sheets for the threatened lemurs of Madagascar. Each data sheet is divided into eight sections (summary, distribution, population, habitat and ecology, threats, conservation measures, captive breeding and remarks) followed by a list of references. Many species also have subspecies which are also described in the same fashion. Black and white photographs are present for many of the species. They are clear and well defined and provide an interesting view of the diversity of lemurs which currently exist. Where multiple subspecies exists, maps have been provided to illustrate distributions and approximate limits of ranges. The text within the data sheets is easy to read and full of interesting facts about lemur reproduction, behavior, diet, conservation efforts and much more. Review by Scott T. Willard Graduate Research Assistant Texas A&M Agricultural Research Center, Overton, TX 14 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 Book Review. Continued The book contains three appendices which follow the data sheets. Appendix A and B are data forms and a request for information for those who may be in a position to provide further information to the lUCN concerning a species of lemur. Appendix C deals with information on national and international legislation protecting lemurs. Dr. Russell A. Mittermeir, Chairman of the lUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group, states that “Additional measures taken by the PSG include determining ways in which man and his fellow primates can coexist in multiple use areas...”. As evident in this book, the face of Madagascar has changed, pushing many lemurs and other fauna to extinction. This displacement of habitat is primarily the result of human encroachment into the delicate balance of nature. Current conservation efforts are working “to promote and encourage the protection and sustainable utilization of living resources.” Books such as Lemurs of Madagascar and the Comoros provide valuable information from which conservation strategies may be formulated for individual species and their habitats. I would highly recommend this book to anyone interested in primate diversity, as well as conservation. It will be of great use to researchers and other interested individuals, as well as provide a model from which future compilations may be developed for other species. Mammals of tfae Neotpopics - The Southern Cone Volymfi 2; Arggntipai Uruguay, F.aragttax Kent G. Redford and John F. Eisenberg The University of Chicago Press, 1992 5801 S. Ellis Ave. Chicago, IL 60637 Review by Robert W. Berghaier Paperback: 430 pgs. $39.50 Animal Keeper Zoological Society of Philadelphia Mammah of the Neotropics. Volume 2 is the second volume of John Eisenberg’s Mammals of the Neotropics. Volume I covered the northern South American countries of Panama, Columbia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. These two books and Louise Emmons’ Neotropical Rainforest Mammals: A Field Guide (reviewed in AKF May 1992) examine the somewhat neglected mammal fauna of South America. Until the recent appearance of these publications there were no comprehensive works that covered the mammals of the Neotropics. This state of affairs was in marked contrast to what was in comparison a myriad of books on African and North American mammals. Volume 2 looks at the little known mammalian fauna of the southern third of South America. This area contains species and ecosystems that have not often been studied by English-speaking biologists. Fortunately, the area has not been neglected by the mammalogists of Argentina and Chile. This volume contains numerous references, many in Spanish, of the field research that has been conducted in this region. The book performs a great service by making the work of these individuals accessible to English- speaking wildlife biologists. Even though this volume covers only four countries, among them they contain a diverse mix of habitats and species. Most readers familiar with the natural history of this part of South America are aware of the mountain habitats of the Andes where guanacos are found. They may also know of the vast grasslands of the pampas that were the preferred home of the pampas deer. However, how many know that the tropical forest habitat of the black howler monkey covers most of eastern Paraguay? It also enters the western part of that country as well as northern Argentina and Uruguay via river gallery forest. The cerrado savanna, where the maned wolf roams, also penetrates these areas. Also found in the region are lesser known ecosystems such as the dry but cool Patagonian steppe where cavys are found. Furthermore, there is a cool, moist Mediterranean-type forest which is the habitat of the pudu deer. In contrast is the hot, dry scrub forest of the Chaco where the Chacoan peccary was discovered in 1974. Each of these ecosystems contain little known and often endemic species of mammals. In all, the southern most end of the continent contains a diverse assemblage of over 350 different mammals, all of which are covered in this volume. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No.l, 1994 15 BpQkR^Yiiew.. Continued The book contains an introduction and fourteen sections. The introduction reviews the history of mammal studies and fossil records of the region. It also explains how the book is organized and should be used. Section 1 is an excellent review of the complex biogeography of the area. It examines the effects of climatic change on the region’s vegetation. The most interesting aspect to me was that the lower 15% of the continent functions biologically more like a peninsula than as part of a continuous landmass. Therefore, the impact of climate change, particularly glaciers, had more effect here than on the rest of the continent. That explains the diversity of ecosystems and mammal species found there. Sections 2 through 12 cover the ten mammal orders found in the region on a species-by- species basis. Each animal’s account includes its respective measurements, description (often including a sketch of a skull - very important for small mammal identification), distribution (along with a range map), life history and ecology information. At the end of these sections is a series of eighteen plates, seven in color, that have drawings of most animals that are discussed in the text. Section 13 is a clearly written and interesting review of some selected mammalian community ecologies of the area. Of particular interest is a review of South American canid niches and environments. Section 14 covers the devastating impact of humans and their accompanying exotics on the region’s natural mammal populations. This section reviewed the slaughter of wildlife on the Argentinan Pampas in the last century, which equaled our own destruction of game on the North American Great Plains. The book concludes with an index of the scientific and common names of species covered in this volume. The Mammals of the Neotronics. Volume 2 would be an excellent addition to any mammalogists’ library. The relatively inexpensive cost also makes it affordable for zoo libraries and for keepers who wish to have more detailed information about South American mammals in their care. Polar Bears on Barter Island Will Punch Your Lights Out The Associated Press reported in December that polar bears on Barter Island, Alaska, have developed a special fondness for knocking out runway lights on the island’s airstrip located about 360km above the Arctic Circle. The airstrip is illuminated with 1500 colored lights and the animals knocked out as many as 26 lights in a single night. Peggy Kelly, Air Force radar station chief on the island said, “The polar bears, seem to be fascinated with these lights as if they were toys. They’ve been seen punching the lights like a punching bag until they break.” Tracks in the snow show the bears appear to be single-minded in their actions as they move in a straight line from one light to another. m Information Please I would like to establish a protocol for seabird rehabilitation. The most common birds that come in are terns, boobies, notties, and tropic birds. Information on tube feeding diets, supplements, etc. would be greatly appreciated. Please contact Kara Wells, Wildlife Technician, Unit 404, Suite 101, 1270 N, Marine Dr., Tamuning, Guam 96911. 16 Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 21 , No.l, 1994 AAZK Logo Accessories/Chapter Products AAZK LOGO AUTO DECALS AND STICKERS : Window Decals are $2.50 each. Stickers come in two sizes: Large for 75c and Small for 25c each. These decals/stickers can be ordered from the Administrative Office^ 635 S.W. Gage Blvd. ,Topeka, Ks 66606-2066. COLDER HOLDER: Heavy-Duty Foam Colder Holder with the AAZK logo imprint. The cost is $3.50. Please send your order along with payment to: AAZK Little Rock Chapter, do Britt Thompson, #1 Jonesboro Drive, Little Rock, AR 72205. Please make checks payable to: AAZK Little Rock Chapter. AAZK T-SHIRTS and SWEATSHIRTS: The price for a t-shirt is $8.50, which includes postage. The t-shirts are available in tan, blue, and brown in sizes S, M, L, and XL. The material is 50/50 polyester and cotton. The AAZK logo is located on the left front pocket area of shirt. The sweatshirt is 50/50 polyester and cotton in grey or maroon with a black AAZK logo. The sweatshirts are available in sizes M, L, and XL. The price of the sweatshirt is $15.00 plus $3.00 for shipping. Please send your order along with payment to: AAZK T-shirt/Sweatshirt, do Britt Thompson, AAZK Little Rock Chapter, #1 Jonesboro Drive, Little Rock, AR 72205. Please make checks payable to: AAZK Little Rock Chapter. AAZK MAGNETIC KEEPER SAFETY SIGNS: The unique, black (keeper in area) and red (animal in area) on white magnetic signs are a must in any safety conscious zoo. They are 6" x 8" and can be flipped upsidedown to warn of a keeper in an animal area. The cost of the magnetic sign is $10.85 each plus $1.00 for postage and handling. Please send order along with check or money order made payable to Flint Hills AAZK Chapter and send to: AAZK Magnetic Signs, Sunset Zoo, 11th & Poyntz, Manhattan, KS 66502. MESH SHOPPING BAGS: These 16" x 19" white nylon mesh bags have the AAZK rhino logo printed on the navy canvas top. They are reuseable, strong, and have a squared bottom for easier filling. Each bag costs $4.00 plus $1.00 for postage for a total of $5.00. Please send order along with check or money order made payable to Philadelphia Chapter AAZK and send to: Philadelphia Chapter AAZK, Philadelphia Zoo, 3400 W. Girard, Philadelphia, PA 19104. AAZK KEYCHAIN: This keychain has a thermometer on the front and the AAZK logo. On the back is a wind chill chart. Thermometer is encased in durable acrylic and is approximately l"x2" in size. The price of the keychain is $4.00 which includes postage. Please send your order along with payment to: Sara Weller, do Dallas Zoo, 621 E. Clarendon, Dallas, TX 75203. Please make checks payable to Dallas Zoo AAZK Chapter. AAZK BUMPER STICKER: This silk screened 3" x 9" bumper sticker has kelly green lettering, black border/center line and the AAZK logo on a white background. The slogan reads "ZOO PARKS/Modem Arks". These bumper stickers are priced $2.00 each for 1-49 and $1.55 each for 50 or more stickers. The postage is an additional $.30 per each 5 bumper stickers ordered. Please make checks payable to the Jacksonville AAZK Chapter and mail to: Jennifer Gerez at the Jacksonville AAZK Chapter, P.O. Box 8498, Jacksonville, FL 32239-8498. AAZK 25th ANNIVERSARY PQCKETKNIFE; This pocketknife has five functions (2 blades, scissors, toothpick and tweezers). The price of the pocketknife is $3.75 which includes postage. Please make checks payable to the Memphis AAZK Chapter and mail to: Dena Mandino, Memphis AAZK Chapter, 2000 Galloway, Memphis, TN 38112. AAZK LICENSE PLATE FRAME: This white license plate frame features the rhino logo with the words American Association of Zoo Keepers, Inc across it in green. The price of the license plate frame is $5.00 which includes postage. Orders from Canada please send an additional $1.00 to cover postage. Please make checks payable to the Detroit AAZK Chapter and mail to: Michelle Seldon-Koch, Detroit AAZK Chapter, P.O. Box 39, Royal Oak, MI 48068. AAZK LOGO FLYING ^AUCERS (Frisbees): These saucers are made from recycled plastic and are emblazoned with the AAZK logo in black on bright green. Available from the Beardsley Zoo AAZK Chapter for $5.00 by contacting Rob Tomas, do Beardsley Zoo, 1875 Noble Ave., Bridgeport, CT 06610. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No.l, 1994 1 7 USFWS, International Paper Join Forces to Conserve Threatened Species In late November, Interior Secretary Bruce Babbit joined International Paper Executive Vice-president Mark Suwyn in announcing plans aimed at balancing timber activities with the conservation of two rare species found in Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. The two groups have completed development of a habitat conservation plan to protect the Red Hills salamander (Phnaeogathus hubrichti), listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. In addition, the company has committed to developing a similar plan for the western population of the Gopher tortoise {Gopherus polyphemus ), also listed as threatened. Both plans will allow some timber harvesting to go forward within the historic range of the two species. “International Paper is making a good faith effort at protecting these species while at the same time acknowledging the community’s needs for a reasonable timber supply, ” said Secretary Babbit. “They deserve a great deal of credit for looking down the road and trying to head off problems before they occur. These kinds of plans show the Endangered Species Act has the flexibility to allow companies to operate while preserving threatened ecosystems. In the South, these cooperative efforts are especially important because 90% of the region’s land is privately owned.” USFWS Director Mollie Beattie, whose agency has direct responsibility for administering this habitat conservation plan, said, “Today we have gained the wisdom to know that the health of reptiles, amphibians, and other life forms tells us a great deal about the health of the world we live in. Someone once said the desert tortoise is not about the tortoise-it’s about the desert. And the future of the Red Hills salamander is not just about the salamander-it’s about the forests of the Red Hills of Alabama.” The plan provides for long-term conservation of the Red Hills salamander on International Paper lands while allowing limited “taking” of the salamander during some forest management activities. Under the provisions of the plan. International Paper will establish no-harvest zones on more than 4,500 acres of high-quality salamander habitat, and maintain buffers aroimd these zones. Within buffers, limited timber practices will be allowed. In addition. International Paper will train employees to identify salamander habitat, establish buffers, and conduct timber activities within buffer zones in compliance with terms of the plan. International Paper owns about 569,000 acres of forestland in Alabama, including 29,500 acres within the historic range of the salamander. The habitat conservation plan covers 6,400 acres in southern Alabama, including areas of optimum habitat which support the highest concentrations of the Red Hills salamander. The company has also announced it has begun work on a similar-and potentially much larger-plan for the western population of the Gopher tortoise. The company owns 125,000 acres of potential Gopher tortoise habitat in Mississippi, Louisiana and Alabama. “We took the initiative in developing the habitat conservation plans because we recognize our stewardship responsibilities as a major landowner in this country,” said International Paper’s Suwyn. “Since we own a significant portion of land which is prime habitat for the salamander, and a very large acreage of potential habitat for the Gopher tortoise, it is only logical that we set the industry standards for these species. We view these projects as examples of private industry and governmental agencies developing creative solutions to natural resource issues.” Under the Endangered Species Act, “take” of listed species is prohibited. Take includes shooting, harming, harassing, or killing listed species or in some cases, destroying their habitat. However, the Act allows “incidental take”, or limited take associated with otherwise legal activities, once a habitat conservation plan is approved by the USFWS. Currently, there are 17 habitat conservation plans nationwide covering about 23 endangered or threatened species. There are approximately 80 plans in the works. >excerpted from Department of the Interior News Release 11116193 18 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No.l, 1994 AMCf^ltAN AVIATION Of lOOmKK^ HENRY OOORLY ZOO "A r^R^r^cm" 1994 NATIONAL A0Nr[^m^ OMAHA, Ntmm Ommkm^ ME October 9 - 13, 1994 FIRST CALL FOR PAPERS "A Keeper's Perspective" is the theme for the 1994 AAZK National Conference in Omaha, NE. Proposed papers exploring the areas of conservation, rep tiles /amphibians, aquaria, invertebrates, and enrichment are encouraged; however, general sessions will be held for topics not covered by the above areas. Abstracts should be limited to two paragraphs, and should describe the significance of the topic and briefly review results, conclusions, or benefits of the topic. The following information must also be included with the abstract: * Name of presenter/ author(s) * Zoological affiliation * Position /title * Title of paper * Equipment Needed Abstracts that do not contain proper submission information will be returned with a letter suggesting alteration necessary for possible acceptance. Upon acceptance of a paper abstract, a letter of notification will be mailed to the presenter, along with a copy of "Guidelines for Typing Papers for AAZK Conference Proceedings". A typed copy (meeting Guideline) of each paper is due at the time of presentation for publication in the Conference Proceedings. Presentations will be limited to fifteen minutes, followed by a five-minute question period. Abstracts will be accepted for review until 15 July 1994. If accepted, presenter will be notified in writing by 15 August, 1994. Please send to: Cathy Socha, Chairperson Program Committee Omaha AAZK Chapter 3701 South 10th Street Omaha, NE 68107-2200 FIRST CALL FOR POSTERS AAZK members are invited to consider a poster format for presentation at the 1994 AAZK National Conference in Omaha, NE, October 9-13. Formal poster sessions will be held concurrent to one or more paper sessions, although posters will generally be accessible while other conference activities are taking place, allowing them to be viewed during breaks, etc. In addition, poster authors will be encouraged to make themselves available whenever possible to discuss their work informally. Poster abstracts should follow the same guidelines as those for papers. Under "Equipment Needed", please specify "Poster Presentation". Please note that the 15 July 1994 deadline for submission also applies to poster abstracts. Likewise, poster authors will be notified in writing by 15 August 1994, if accepted for presentation. More extensive information on poster presentation will appear in subsequent issues of AKF. Please send to: Cathy Socha, Chairperson Program Committee Omaha AAZK Chapter 3701 South 10th Street Omaha, NE 68107-2200 Quality exotic animal diets imi *^“**'***o''<**ly balanced or JLJU' 1 I\vlJML Fixed formulation • Economical When you need a complete line of high-quality dry and frozen animal diets for your feeding program, call Animal Spectrum. NEBRASKA BRANO h \ SPECTRUM BROOD-RITE HEATERS Frozen feline diets Frozen bird of prey diets Frozen canine diet Chunk and chopped horsemeat, hearts, livers, rib, shank, knuckle bones, and tailbones Banana flavored psittacine/primate, 20% protein, dry Banana flavored primate, Pro-Plus 25% protein dry Leaf Eater primate dry Omnivore dry Llama Vitamins & Minerals dry Polar Bear dry Marmoset/Tamarin dry Ratite dry Hoofstock supplement, with Selenium dry Bulbless heaters— nothing to break Safe around all animals and bedding material. Even heat distribution in 240, 500, or 750 wattages. One call does It all FREE 1-800-228-4005 FAX 308-534-7015 Animal Spectrum, Inc. P.O. Box 721 North Platte, NE 69101-0721 The History of Ngare Sergoi By Ian Craig Lewa Wildlife Conservancy The concept of Ngare Sergoi and the goals for which AAZK, the Ngare Sergoi Support Group (NSSG) and Anna Merz have strived continue to expand and flourish to include a diversity of species and an entire ecosystem, way beyond our original dreams. We started with a crisis situation of the Black rhino. They were being killed within the country to a point whereby the population could never recover. There seemed no solution to reverse this trend until Peter Jenkins conceived the idea of a small, high-security fenced area to contain the remnants of a once flourishing population, a holding situation until this trend could be reversed. The construction and development of Ngare Sergoi is a well-recorded history and the concept was a success. Animals brought in from isolated corners of Kenya with no chance of survival, let alone any prospect of breeding, flourished, bred and produced offspring. Where there had been despair there was suddenly hope and alternatives. Ngare Sergoi was a pilot project. The Kenyan Government realized that this was the only option and built two new rhino sanctuaries at Nakuru and Nqulia. Both of these sanctuaries have been successful, maintaining viable breeding populations of Kenya's Black rhino. At Ngare Sergoi, together with the help of many supporters, the Sanctuary expanded to 10,000 acres from its original 5,000 acres. With the extended area the population could also expand. During this period, the Management Team developed new techniques in the management of the fenced areas, fencing designs and principles of Black rhino management in fenced areas. With the rhino situation both at Ngare Sergoi and nationally now stable, we were able to look at other areas within the ecosystem that required care and attention in this changing world. Translocation of Black and White rhinos fix)m areas in Kenya where they are threatened to Ae safe haven of Ngare Sergoi requires the coordinated efforts of many individuals, reliable truck transport, veterinary assistance and a bit of good luck. 'The Sanctuary currently houses 18 Black and 11 White rhinos and breeding efforts have been successful with both species. (Photo courtesy of Andy Lodge, NSSG, Inc. ) Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1 , 1994 19 The History of Ngare Sergoi. Continued Elephant were still under severe poaching pressure in the North of the country; small-holder farmers at the same time were having their very existence destroyed by crop marauding elephant in the south of Lewa and Ngare Sergoi. Together with the financial support of AAZK, NSSG, Anna, and many other individuals, the game guards from Ngare Sergoi started working in conjunction with the Kenya Wildlife Service on elephant surveillance in the Mathews Range. Since November 1990, no elephant have been poached in this area where previously in excess of 30 animals were being killed each year. This exercise continues and twice yearly our game guards spend extensive periods of up to six weeks in the bush just looking and listening in the remote area in order to keep these elephants safe. Some 220 elephants inhabit the protected 10,000 acres which make up the Ngare Sergoi Sanctuary and the Ngare Ndare Forest Preserve. Because the elephants had caused problems by damaging crops of local residents, 52-acres of specially designed fence was erected around the Preserve to keep the elephants and agricultural interests separated. (Photo courtesy of Andy Lodge, NSSG, Inc.) To the South, again AAZK and NSSG came to the rescue where the elephant damage to small holders' crops was extensive. Fifty-two kilometers of specifically designed fence was erected around the Ngare Ndare Forest, preventing the elephant from entering the agricultural area. Dr. Richard Leakey opened the fence, citing the project as a model of cooperation between the local community. Government and private enterprises. This fence was the first specifically built to contain this problem and it has been nearly 100% successful, with only one incident of an elephant breaking through. The elephant on one side and the local community on the other now live in harmony as opposed to conflict. The concept of this fence, once again with AAZK and NSSG's help, expanded to include the entire area of Lewa Downs. With the increasing population of Kenya and the flourishing wildlife numbers within Lewa, again there had been conflict between small holder agriculture along Lewa's boundaries and the wildlife living on Lewa. This is now solved 100%. With Kenya's expanding populations, the pressure on wildlife areas increases. With this fact upmost in our minds, the Management Team of Ngare Sergoi next started to address the related problems. The community needed schools - it was a fact that adjoining wildlife areas would only be able to conserve their wildlife if it could be proved that wildlife provides a direct financial benefit to the local people and could improve their standard of living. School children bom and brought up within 10 kilometers of wildlife areas had never seen an elephant. Financial assistance was sought and four schools are being constructed to modem standard. A 20 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 The History of Ngare Sergoi, Continued plan is being formalized through the Kenya Wildlife Service to obtain World Bank funding for a small tourist lodge in the adjoining communal lands so the landowners can directly benefit from tourism and their wildlife. The Ngare Sergoi lorry (truck) provided by AAZK, having completed the translocation of 184 giraffe, will be used to help transport materials to construct this lodge. The marketing, design and operation will be under the wing of the newly-formed "Lewa Wildlife Conservancy". The beneficiaries will be the local people and their wildlife. Two to three school visits to Lewa are planned monthly with the AAZK lorry carrying up to 60 children on a sightseeing tour of the Conservancy. They will hopefully return home enriched and fascinated by what they see. The lorry at left was purchased with funds from “Bowling for Rhinos”. It has been used to translocate 184 giraffe which had overpopulated the Sanctuary. Current plans for the lorry include taking Kenyan schoolchildren on tours of the Lewa Wildlife Conservancy in order to increase their awareness of the animals indigenous to their country. Many children there have never seen a Rhino or an Elephant. The area is home to over 40 species of wildlife including Sitatunga and Grevy zebra as well as over 100 species of birds (Photo courtesy of Andy Lodge, NSSG, Inc.) These are all the salient points for which we, together with AAZK and NSSG, strive to maintain and build upon. The other side is that rhino horn is in demand now more than ever - demand is higher than the supply. There is a trade ban on ivory— this has helped but once again ivory is moving, albeit slowly, and will the ban hold beyond 1994? The fact remains that a trend has been severed, but to hold this stable costs money— no longer capital items to be purchased, but rather the day-to-day maintenance of what has been built up over the past 10 years. Such expenses include fuel, lorry tires, aircraft maintenance, radio repairs, as well as uniforms and wages needed for the hardworking staff who have devoted the prime years of their working lives to this cause. The "Lewa Wildlife Conservancy" now had all the capital equipment and expertise required, thanks to the generous support of many individuals. It is a stated objective of the Conservancy to formulate a plan to be self-sufficient financially within five years and for the wildlife to directly support the machine required to give them their stability and peace. This is an ambitious goal, but on paper a possibility nevertheless. In the meantime, we ask for the continued support of AAZK to look after this varied and wonderful ecosystem. The Conservancy now includes, under common wildlife policy, 145,000 acres (58,0(X) acres fenced) from a start of 5,000 acres. The staff employed has grown from one senior officer and 30 men to four senior officers and 160 employees. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21 , No.l, 1994 21 The History of Ngare Sergoi. Continued The recurrent budget has grown from $3,500 per month to $18,500 per month. The Conservancy now holds 18 black rhino, 11 white rhino, 220 elephants, 12 sitatunga, 390 Grevy zebras (being 12% of the remaining wild population in the world), at least 40 different species of wildlife and over a hundred different species of birds. A full inventory of the plants is being collected by a research team from South Africa helping to formulate a long-term management plan to secure the future of this diversity. Anna Merz, shown above with Samia, the riiino she hand-reared, has devoted her life to the preservation of the rhinos of Africa. Her dedication and commitment have inspired hundreds of AAZK members to become involved in “Bowling for Rhinos” - a national fundraiser which helps support Ngare Sergoi. (Photo courtesy of Andy Lodge, NSSG, Inc.) Central Florida AAZK Chanter Central Florida Chapter’s September meeting held at Sea World included a Keeper Quiz which was a surprising success. Names of the members who attended were thrown in a hat and random teams were picked. Twelve slides were shown and members were asked to write the common name, as well as the scientific name and habitat of the species pictured. After the quiz (high score was 37%) we went over to the Shamu stadium to watch the newest baby Shamu and mom. Keepers from seven different parks came to the Fall Fling at the Springs Camp-out on 24 October at Silver Springs. Keepers from Silver Springs overwhelmed us with their warm southern hospitality. Activities included a barbecue, bonfire. Attention Chapters ! Please keep us advised of your activities and projects. If you have not gotten into the habit of submitting news items to this column, we hope you will. Share your ideas on fundraising and projects with other AAZK Chapters. Announce your new officers, present a new logo, make the other Chapters aware of your conservation efforts. Items for this column should be to us by the 15th of each month. Thanks! Chapter News 22 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 Chapter News. Continued continental breakfast, and a behind-the- scenes tour of the animal park. We thank all of the people who made the weekend a great experience. At the November meeting nominations for new officers were made. President Mike Cothran wore his sacred flowered shirt and led the meeting for the last time. Mike’s enthusiasm will be hard to replace. All of us thank Mike for the effort he has made over the past two years. Newly elected officers for 1994 are: President.. ...Bonnie Brietbeil Vice Pres. ....Jamie Sincage Secretary Nelia Lake Stephens Treasurer. ....Nancy Schrader Liaison... ..Alyce Orr Finally, the Pot Luck Christmas Party at Bonnie’s had the holiday spirits flowing with a turkey and all the trimmings. Have a Happy New Year! -Rick Smith, Florida RC Western NeaLY(?rk AAZK Chapter Our second annual Bowling for Rhinos event was held on 22 June 1993 at the Broadway Sports Center. This successful event raised over $1400.00 for the Ngare Sergoi Rhino Sanctuary. As a thank-you to all bowlers, they were given T-shirts with the AAZK Bowling for Rhinos logo on them. It was a fun time for all involved in this worthwhile event. A thank-you goes out to Catherine Meyer for coordinating this event. Our Chapter, recognizing the importance of enrichment for the well being of the animals under our care, is trying to become more involved in this aspect of our duties as zoo keepers. We currently subscribe to the informative Shape of Enrichment magazine. One of our members, John Heine, attended the first ever Enrichment Conference held this July in Portland, OR, and gave a presentation on it at our November meeting. We are also using money from fundraising events and donations, such as the donation of $220.00 from Niagara Community College’s Animal Management Program, to purchase tools for building enrichment devices and for purchasing enrichment items such as Boomer Balls® and different types of rope. We hope to keep experimenting with different methods to provide enrichment activities for the animals at our Zoo. Funds are raised for our chapter through member dues, pop can recycling, numerous bake sales, as well as other fundraising efforts. Our chapter recently made a donation of $250.00 to help improve a scenic overlook on the Iroquois National Wildlife Refuge. For our donation the name of our organization will be recognized on a plaque at the site. -Sherri Doherty, Secretary Fort Worth Zoo AAZK Chanter Below is the new logo recently adopted by the Fort Worth Zoo AAZK Chapter. The concept was developed by Lisa Weedn, a Bird Keeper II, and the artist was H.T.D. Weedn of the zoo’s Education Department. Enclosed with the logo was a note from Lisa which stated: “Being a zoo keeper means much more than taking care of individual species, we are all active participants in the international conservation, research and education projects that benefit our planet. We are Keepers of our world! Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 2 3 Chapter News. Continued BwkY Mt. AAZK Chapter Officers for 1993 were: President - Linelle Lone; V.P, - Ann Zobrist; Secretary - Karen Stern; Treasurer - Marlene Kumpf; and Chapter Liaison - Vickie Kunter. New Officers for 1994 are: President Ann Zorbrist Vice President Susan Nolan Treasurer Suzanne Chacon Liaison Vickie Kunter Bowling for Rhinos was held at Athmar Lanes on 22 April. We had 97 bowlers and raised more than $8400.00. Plans are underway for the AAZK 1995 National Conference. We are involved in many different fundraising activities from selling shirts of various styles to giving lectures. We hope many people will attend - it should be great! We were honored to receive the 1993 Nature Conservancy Conservation Award for our efforts towards the Ecosystem Survival Plan. With our Conservation Parking Meter located just outside the Zoo’s new Tropical Discovery exhibit, we have hopes of collecting even greater sums of money toward this worthy project in the coming year. -Vickie Kunter, Chapter Liaison AAZK Honolulu Chanter Newly elected officers for 1994 are: President LeeAnn Anderson Secretary Susan Brant Treasurer Charlene McKee Liaison Linda Kinney Meier We hope to be a little more active in AAZK this year and have already come up with some ideas we would like to try for events and/or fundraisers. -Charlene McKee, Treasurer AAZK Announces New Professional/Contributing Members Alexandra Burpee, Southwick’s Zoo (MA) Deborah A. Roth, Burnet Park Zoo (NY) Leslie Mitchell, Philadelphia Zoo (PA) Rhonda Washington, N. C. Zool. Prk. (NC) Bradley Parks, Zoo Atlanta (GA) John Beasley, Dreher Park Zoo (FL) Amy Graves, Knoxville Zoo (TN) Brint Grimes, Knoxville Zoo (TN) Jim Harrison, Miami Valley Serpentarium (KY) Catherine Short, Kentucky Down Under (KY) John Hastings, Kentucy Down Under (KY) Kathy Hemingway, Little Rock Zoo (AR) Melissa Brand, Houston Zoo (TX) Cynthia Digesualdo, Fossil Polly Campbell, Franklin Park Zoo (MA) Christine Anderson, Utica Zoo (NY) Elmer Franken, Philadelphia Zoo (PA) Cynthia Horton, Zoo Atlanta (GA) Suzanne Smith, Zoo Atlanta (GA) William Pugh, Busch Gardens (FL) Greg Bryant, Knoxville Zoo (TN) Tina K. Judd, Knoxville Zoo (TN) David Groce, Kentucky Down Under (KY) Tommy Trousdale, Kentucky Down Under Keith Fulkerson, Kentucky Down Under Christy Sky, Houston Zoo (TX) Brian Potvin, Texas State Aquarium (TX) Rim Wildlife Center. (TX) New Contributing Members Richard Owens, Volunteer, Philadelphia Zoo, Philadelphia, PA Renewing Contributing Members Joan Schultz, Owner, Boomer Ball, Grayslake, IL John Tobias, Superintendent, Miller Park Zoo, Bloomington, IL Gordon Henley, Director, Ellen Trout Zoo, Lufkin, TX Tina Riscignolo, Mesa, AZ Gerald Murrie, San Diego, CA Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 24 IIOMI ^Behavioral Enrichmen^Jt^ Activity Manipulation'^ Occupational Husbandry ‘|w» by Kayla Grams, Keeper, Topeka Zoo and Gretchen Ziegler, Keeper, Wildlife Safari Park Rob Sutherland from the Calgary Zoo created the design shown below. The “Top Mesh Feeder” is intended to increase gorilla food gathering techniques. MEERKATE/FENNAC FOXES - Solid round rawhide balls. They are very hard to get into and last a long time. SQUIRRELS - Fruit-flavored rawhide bone (can get these at a pet store; made for parrots). “Almond Board” - hard wood with holes drilled through to hammer in almonds, hazelnuts, etc.. —Melanie Haynes Pueblo Zoo, Pueblo CO 25 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21 , No.l, 1994 Smuggled Peruvian Primates Find Sanctuary at Primarily Primates, Inc. The lives of three tea-cup sized New World primates have been saved from the lucrative pet trade. According to California officials, William Embody of California confessed to smuggling the three rare Peruvian primates into the U.S. last August. Embody was caught as he attempted to sell the protected primates for $3,500 each from his car outside a pet store in Corte Madera. The Marin Humane Society (MHS) was alerted to the case by a concerned resident. With local authorities. Society officers approached Embody and confiscated the three tiny palm-sized monkeys - one Pygmy marmoset {Cebuella pygmaea) and two Saddleback tamarins {Saguinus illigeri). According to officers. Embody had tightly tied one end of a shoe string around the monkeys' waists and pinned the other end to his shirt. He allowed the primates to cling to him on these makeshift leashes as he attempted to entice possible buyers. These three male primates are protected species under CITES which governs trade in endangered species and other wildlife. Under CITES, California State Fish and Game Dept., and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Embody faces federal felony charges of up to $1,800,00 for illegal importation, state misdemeanor violations, and possible jail time. Authorities further investigated Embody after they issued a warrant to search his residence. While no other primates were discovered, documents were discovered to verify that he had just returned from Peru. Within a hour into the search. Embody confessed to drugging the tiny infant primates with a children's cough syrup and smuggling them through U.S. Customs at Los Angeles International Airport inside his coat pocket. The investigation had, as yet, not led to the prosecution of anyone else. Despite initial placement with MHS, the USFWS recommended the animals be sent to Primarily Primates in San Antonio, TX, a facility known for its expertise in caring for these rare creatures. After contacting Primarily Primates, MHS officials chose to send the delicate primates to the Texas hill country sanctuary where their individual specialized dietary and life-time needs would be met. The animals were accompanied to Primarily Primates by MHS official Kym Lanham-Snyder and American Airlines allowed the pressure-sensitive primates to travel within the passenger compartment. Upon their arrival on 15 October, it was learned that the 8-ounce tamarins, Larry & Moe, were less than 6 months old; and the 4-ounce Pygmy marmoset. Curly, was less than 4 months old. That the animals survived at all is amazing since according to Walter Swett, President of Primarily Primates, "Studies have shown that ninety percent of such monkeys smuggled into the country die from travel-related stress". Primarily Primates, Inc. is a nonprofit organization which is dependent on donations for its existence and continued work. Anyone interested in providing support for the Peruvian infant monkeys or general assistance for the work of this organization, may contact them at: Primarily Primates, Inc. P.O. Box 15306, San Antonio, TX 78212-8506 Phone: (210) 755-4616. —excerpted by a news release written by Stephen Rene Tello, Corporate Secretary for Primarily Primates, Inc. 1994 AAZPA Regional Conferences 6-8 March 1994 - Central Regional Conference. For more information, contact Donna Chain, Oklahoma City Zoo, 2101 N.W. 50th St., Oklahoma City, OK 73111 (405) 424-3344. 20-22 March 1994 - Southern Regional Conference. For more information, contact Beverly Rutland, Montgomery Zoo, P.O. Box ZEBRA, Montgomery, AL 36109 (205) 240-4900. 10-12 April 1994 - Western Regional Conference. For more information, contact Jean Miller, Micke Grove Zoo, 11793 North Micke Grove Road, Lodi, CA 95240 (209) 953-8840. 17-19 April 1994 - Great Lakes Regional Conference. For more information, contact Carol Pedersen, Blank Park Zoo, 7401 S.W. 9th St., Des Moines, lA 50315 (515) 285-4722. 1-3 May 1994 - Northeastern Regional Conference. For more information, contact Troy Stump, ZOOAMERICA, North American Wildlife Park, 100 West Hersheypark Dr., Hershey, PA 17033 (717) 534-3862. 2 6 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 National AAZK Chapters Dedicated to Woridwide Conservation and Professional Animal Care Met^x5politan\Boston Zoos\\/Tta5ej?--''-Wl^ Park Zoo Jsley z^o) Bergen Connlry Regional Virginia Nev^j Park \ Park Zoo Bin^amt^ Western New York ( pS^burgh Philadelphia National Zoological PauM^r — ^i^troit Greater Balt^o Greenville Zc^f Gainesville The Cypress Co^ Smoky Mountain Jackson Zoological Park Greater Carolina ^^cksonville Florida Norths ta rida da'lSuncoast Columbus o Birmingham Zoo Louisviller"y~F'prt Wayne ea Indianapolis ^Rive^NCity Iwaukee Cpiint^ Zoo 'eatejc^IJ^I^s City " Fl^tHilO ick ^^’tV Zoo Platte Ri le Rock Zoo Oklahoma City, Dallas Zoo V^aldviiill Zoo .s^i^tah Portland 1/ \ Rocky Mountain Edmonton '][ // (pos Angeles. Zoo Greater Sfeh Francisco Bay Area San Antonio Mt\ Tahoma Assiniboii^Wl^k , ainook the Wild*^*^^" ^'^^kfe^PejsMRegion San Diego XHivaMAnks Zoo Omaha JMoxW wirth Zoo American Association of Zoo Keepers NATIONAL CHAPTER T-SHIRTS High quality dark purple shirts, animal designs in turquoise with Chapter names lettered in yellow. Includes lettering as shown above. All active Chapters are listed. Cost is $14.00 US which includes shipping. Please send checks payable to Rocky Mountain AAZK Chapter. All proceeds from the sale of these T-shirts will go directly to the 1995 National AAZK Conference Fund. Leave messages at (303) 337-6588. Send order to: Rocky Mountain AAZK-Conterence Committee, 2900 E. 23rd Ave., Denver, CO 80205. ORDER FORM Name Mailing Address Phone# (in case of a problem) Number of shirts M L XL Total amount of money enclosed $ Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No.l, 1994 2 7 Evolution, Innate Behavior, and Single Parent Child-rearing in Black-tufted Ear Marmosets (Callithrix kuhli) in Captivity By Dana LeBlanc, Primate Keeper The Lubee Foundation, Inc., Gainesville, FL On 2 September 1993, the Lubee Foundation, Inc., Gainesville , FL, celebrated the birth of 0.0.2 Black-tufted ear marmosets in its callitrichid collection. Black-tufted ear marmosets are among the least well known of the living New World primates (Natori, 1990), and occur only in the southern Bahia in eastern Brazil where most of its habitat is being modified by man (Mittermeier et ah, 1982). In captivity, marmosets and tamarins are usually maintained in monogamous breeding pairs and family units (Moore, 1989). Single parent child-rearing is a rare phenomenon in callitrichids where in contrast to most other South American primates, the dominant male plays an integral role in early child-care (Rothe,1977). The communal infant care system observed in callitrichids is presumed to be related to the high infant/adult weight ratios in which relative to adult weights, marmoset and tamarin infants are the largest primate infants which are physically transported (Tardif, 1990). While rearing of offspring in the Black-tufted ear marmosets is usually a two-parent effort - with the male doing much of the carrying while ffie female takes over for nursing - this female at The Lubee Foundation in Gainesville, FL was forced to assume all rearing responsibilities when the male died prior to the twins^ birth, (Photo by the author) From the standpoint of evolution, the communal infant care system appears advantageous because demands for energy on the breeding female during lactation of twins are enormous (Kirkwood and Underwood, 1984; Goldizen, 1987), and the female would need an opportunity to hunt and gather food unencumbered (Price, 1992). This situation is also compounded with a rapid post partum oestrus in callitrichids which occurs 2-4 weeks following birth (Ziegler et ah, 1987) which means the breeding female will also need the time period following parturition to prepare for a second pregnancy. 28 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 Black-tufted Ear Marmosets, Continued In the current situation, a new pair of Black-tufted ear marmosets were established with a young female that was pulled from her natal group when she showed child carrying capabilities with her siblings. No breeding was observed, but the female showed some increase in weight. Unfortunately, the dominant male became ill and died just prior to parturition, leaving a single parent to both nurse and carry the offspring. From an evolutionary standpoint, this female has two competing innate behaviors through which she is compelled to nurse and defend her young, but at the same time, wanting to mb the infants off after nursing to share the work load with others in a group. This female judiciously carried her offspring for 20 days, at which point she started leaving the infants on top of a nestbox to take short breaks from carrying. Both infants were successfully reared by their single parent, and an unfortunate situation ended without hand-rearing. Literature Cited Goldizen, A.W. (1987) Faculative polyandry and the role of infant carrying in wild saddle-back tamarins {Saguinus fusicollis), Behav. Ecol. SociobioL, 20: 99-109. Kirkwood, J.K. and S.J. Underwood (1984) Energy requirements of captive cotton-top tamarins {Saguinus oedipus oedipus). Folia PrimatoL, 42: 180-187. Mittermeier, R.A., I.D. Constable, A.B. Rylands, and C. Valle (1982) Conservation of primates in the Atlantic forest region of eastern Brazil. Int, Zoo. Yrbk., 22: 12-17. Moore, M. (1989) Marmosets in captivity. Basset Publications, Pl)nTiouth, S. Devon, England. Natori, M. (1990) Numerical analysis of the taxonomical status of Callithrix kuhli based on measurements of the post canine dentition. Primates 31(4): 555-562. Price, E. (1992) Changes in the activity of Captive Cotton-top Tamarins {Saguinus oedipus) over the breeding cycle. Primates 31(1): 99-106. Rothe, H. (1977) Parturition and related behavior in Callithrix jacchus (Ceboidea, Callitrichidae). In DG Kleiman (ed.): The Biology and Conservation of the Callitrichidae. Washington, DC; Smithsonian Institute Press, pp. 181-190. Tardif, S.D. (1990) Estimates of the energetic cost of infant transport in tamarins. American Journal of Physical Anthropology Vol. 81: 306. Abstract only. Ziegler, T.E., W.E. Bridson, C.T. Snowdon, and S. Eman (1987). Urinary gonadotropin and estrogen excretion during post partum estms, conception, and pregnancy in the cotton-top tamarin {Saguinus oedipus oedipus). American J. Primatol. 12:127-140. LIGHTNING FLASH While we all view lightning as one of nature’s mysteries, many do not realize the true phenomena in itself. Did you know that: > Each bolt (with about 100,000 thunderstorms a year) has the capacity to discharge 100 million volts of electricity and up to 300,000 amperes of current. (It takes only 15-20 amps to blow a fuse at home!) > The core of a lightening bolt is only about 1 inch in diameter. While it may look as big as the sky, it’s only because its temperature can be more than 60,000 degrees Fahrenheit (more than five times the temperature on the surface of the sun). The high temperature ionizes the air aroimd the bolt, causing the huge glow across the sky, > Many scientists believe that lightning may have sparked the chemical evolution of life on the planet. Electricity has been shown to convert pre-life gases abundant on earth to amino acid-like molecules. >from Outdoor Photographer I Nature News, Vol. 8, No. 10, October 1993 Animal Keepers’ Forum, Vol. 21, No.l, 1994 2 9 Institutions wishing to advertise employment opportunities are asked to send pertinent data i; by the 15th of each month to: Opportunity Knocks lAKF. 635 Gage Blud., Topeka, KS 66606. , Please include closing dates for positions available. There is no charge for this service and phone-in listings of positions which become available close to deadline are accepted. j Our phone is 1-800-242-4519 (U.S.); 1-800-468-1966 (Canada). Our FAX is 913-273-1980. The following two (2) positions are available at the New Jersey State Aquarium. For either position send resume and cover letter to: Human Resources, New Jersey State Aquarium, \ One Riverside Dr., Camden, NJ 08101-1060. EOE. MARINE MAMMAL TRAINER..peTfoTms routine husbandry and exhibit maintenance , for a mixed collection of nine gray, harbor and harp seals. Participates in animal training programs and public demonstrations which focus on natural behaviors and ' adaptations. Requirements include a BS in biology or related field and one year of j experience or three years professional marine mammal husbandry and training experience, driver’s license and SCUBA certification. Public presentation experience i preferred. Salary low $20’s. AQUARI ST. ..resoonsihle for animal husbandry and exhibit maintenance. Assists with animal collection and husbandry protocol development. BS in biology with coursework in Ichthyology, Aquatic Ecology and Invertebrate Zoology and advanced husbandry experience; 3 or more years professional fish husbandry experience may substitute for the degree. SCUBA certification and valid driver’s license are required. Low $20’s. j The following two (2) positions are open at The Philadelphia Zoo. To apply for either position send resume and cover letter to: Human Resources, Philadelphia Zoo, 3400 West Girard Ave., Philcuielphia, PA 19104. EOE. REPTILE KEEPER...Te(:\mTes, degree in biology or . a related field and a minimum of one year of work experience with reptiles and amphibians. Two or more years experience can substitute for the degree. Must have experience with or ability to be trained in handling of venomous reptiles. ANIMAL KEEPER...Tec\n\res two years experience or a degree and one year of experience with captive exotics and strong written and oral communication skills. This is an open relief position assigned to areas as needed. Responsible for care, feeding, health/safety of animals; exhibit maintenance; behavior observation; interaction with the public. ANIMAL KEEPERIUtah*s Hogle Zoo...Drefer Associate’s or Bachelor’s degree in biology, zoology or related field and one year of primate experience. Responsible for care of a diverse collection of primates, including daily husbandry, exhibit maintenance, observation and enrichment, as well as assisting in veterinary practices, education, public relations and support aspects of the zoo’s operation. Salary is commensurate with experience and ranges from $14,868 - $23,076, with an excellent benefit package. Please send cover letter, resume and references by 25 January 1994 to: Kimberly Davidson, General Curator, Utah’s Hogle Zoo, 2600 E. Sunnyside Ave., Salt Lake City, UT 84108. EOE. ZOO KEEPER/AOUARIUM.. .requires high school diploma and preferably a BS in a related field with one year’s work experience. Responsible for care of aquarium specimens/terestrial arthropods, and maintenance of exhibits. SCUBA certification desired. Starting salary $18,740 per year with benefits. Submit resume by 31 January 1994 to: Nancy Foley, Director of Human Resources, The Toledo Zoological Society, P.O. Box 4010, Toledo, OH 43609. ELEPHANT KEEFER ...requires a basic understanding of animal training and its importance. Also requires the ability to accept direction and work as a member of the team in an extensive hands-on elephant program. Must have interpersonal skills and be team oriented. High school degree required. College degree preferred. Send resume to: Richard M. Hurst, Indianapolis Zoo, 1200 West Washington St., Indianapolis, IN 46222. 30 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 Opportunity Knocks. Continmd The following two (2) Bird Keeper positions are open with the Zoological Society of San Diego. For either position send resume to: San Diego Zoo/Human Resources Dept., P.O. 551 San Diego, CA 92112 Attn: Bird Keeper. NO FAXED COPIES. Apply bv 15 February 1994. Position # a regular position WITH BENEFITS (year round and will start 1 March, 1994). Position # 2...is a regular position WITHOUT BENEFITS (Seasonal from 1 April, 1994 - 30 June, 1994) assisting the first keeper during peak breeding season. These are keeper positions on San Clemente Island as per contract with the U.S. Navy. Seven days a week availability required. Room and board provided. Ability to train in artificial incubation and hand-rearing of a passerine bird; follow detailed written protocols; operate a 4WD vehicle and work in an isolated environment. Knowledge of artificial incubation and hand-rearing of baby birds preferred. Publications Available The Biology and Management of Australasian Carnivorous Marsunials - Edited by Miles Roberts, John Carnio, Graham Crawshaw and Michael Hutchins and published by the Metropolitan Toronto Zoo and the Monotreme and the Marsupial Advisory Group of the AAZPA. The 165-page book is the outcome of a symposium by the same title held at the AAZPA Annual Meeting in Toronto in 1992. The book is a collection of research and background papers dealing with aspects of the biology of Australasian carnivorous marsupials specifically pertaining to their management in zoos. Topics include: * The status of carnivorous marsupials in captivity including a survey of current space use and future requirements. * A review of the biology and conservation status of the Dasyuridae and Myrmecobiidae. Topics covered include taxonomy, paleontology, ecolo^, physiology, behavior and conservation. * A discussion of semelparity in dasyurids, the extreme life history strategy in which all breeding age males die at the end of their first breeding season, and a hypothesis for its evolution based on sperm competition. * Diseases of dasyurids in zoos, including a detailed review of the pathology of the tiger quoll. * Management case histories discussing reproduction, husbandry and exhibition of the Tasmanian devil, tiger quoll, kowari, brush-tail phascogale, several New Guinea dasyurids and the numbat. * An extensive 20-year bibliography on the biology of carnivorous marsupials. Copies may be obtained at the cost of $US20 each (plus $US5 for shipping to destinations outside North America) by writing to: Miles Roberts, Department of Zoological Research, National Zoological Park, 3000 Connecticut Ave. N.W., Washington, DC 20008 USA. Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21 , No. 1 , 1994 3 1 Animal Keepers’ Forum 1993 Index Volume 20, Numbers 1 - 12 symbols used with page numbers mean: (?) information please (b) birth (c) chapter news item (E) enrichment options (h) hatching (hr) hand-rearing (i) infant development (K) keeper alert (L) legislative outlook (M) management/training (n) nutrition (P) photograph (r) reproduction/breeding (v) veterinary information SUBJECT PAGE amphibians FROG poison arrow Dendrobates sp. azure D. azureus hl99 dyeing D. tinctorius hl29 green & black D. auratus hl99 TOAD California E178;P178 Oriental fire-bellied hl29 Bombina orientalis aiED^ ARACARI black-necked Pteroglossus aracari green Pteroglossus viridis BIRD OF PARADISE lesser Paradisaea minor raggiana Paradisaea raggiana red Paradisaea rubra superb Lophorina superba BUNTING, lark CHICKEN COCKATOO, Goffins Cacatua goffini CONDOR Andean Vulture gryphus California CONURE, golden Aratinga guarouba CRAKE, black Limnocorax flavirostra CRANE crowned East African c442;L171-2, 315-6;c(v)442; 7203 h377 h377 hl99 h304 hl99 h304 L315 E95 hl99 E364,388 338, ■h4 L23 h377 hl29 hr20+ West African Balearica p. pavonina hl29-30 demoiselle Antbropoides virgo h377 sandhill, Florida h4 Grus canadensis pratensis Stanley Antbropoides paradisea h350 CROW, Hawaiian ('alala) Corvus tropicus 190;hr60-2 ;P61 CUCKOO, Guira G. guira hl99 CUCKOO-ROLLER 11 DOVE hr72 pink headed turtle Streptopelia sp. h350 Wompoo fruit Ptilinopus magnificus h350 DUCK black L315 black-billed whistling h377 Dendrocygna autumnalis redhead Aytbya americana h377 wood, N. Am. Aix sponsa h377 EAGLE, bald Haliaeetus leucocepbalus h266 wedgetail Aquila audax 316 EMU 7 (a) 316 FALCON, Arctic peregrin L403 FLAMINGO Am. /Carribean Pboenicopterus ruber h266,377 greater Pboenicopterus roseus h304 FROGMOUTH, tawny Podargus strigoides h377 GO-AWAY BIRD, whitebellied h3S0 Corytbaixoides leucogaster GOOSE Canada, Aleutian L22 eider 382 emperor 382 Nene Branta (Nesocben) sandvicensis h304 GREAT APE 386 HERON, great blue Ardea herodias 414 HORNBILL rhinoceros Buceros rhinoceros h377 trumpeter Bycanistes bucinater h377 HUMMINGBIRD 382 IBIS, hermit Geronticus eremita h266 scarlet Eudocimus ruber h377 JAY Collie's magpie h350 Calocitta formosa collieri plush-crested Cyanocorax cbrysops h350 JUNGLE FOWL, green Callus varius hl99 KEA Nestor notabilis E279 KILLDEER Cbaradrius vociferus hr49-52;n52 KINGFISHER, Micronesian hl99,266 Halcyon cinnamomina LEIOTHRIX, red-billed Leiotbrix lutea LOVEBIRD, Fisher's MACAW blue & gold/yellow Ara ararauna scarlet Ara macao MOUSEBIRD, white-backed MYNAH, Rothchild's Leucospar rotbcbij NATIVE, North American OSTRICH Strutbio camelus South African S. c. australis OWL, barred Strix varia burrowing powerful PARROT Amazon, blue-fronted Eclectus Electus roratus hanging, blue-crowned Loriculus galgulus thick-billed Pbyncbopsitta p. pacbyrbyncba PENGUIN Black-footed (jackass) Spbenicus demersus Humbolt Spbeniscus bumboldti PHEASANT crestless fireback Lopbura erytbropbtbabalma peacock, Rothschild's Polyplectron inopinatum PIGEON magnificent ground Otidipbaps nc Nicobar Caloenas nicobarica Victoria crowned Goura victoria PLANTAIN-EATER Lady Ross' Musopbaga rossae violet Musopbaga violacea Western grey Crinifer piscator PLOVER, mountain QUAIL, Franklin's RAPTORS RAIL, Clapper ROLLER ground lilac-breasted Coracias caudata SANDPIPER solitary Tringa solitaria spotted Actitis macularia SERIEMA, red-legged Cariama cristate SHOREBIRDS SISKIN, red Carduelis cucullata SNIPE SONGBIRDS SPARROW, Brewer's Cassin's clay-colored grasshopper Henslow's lark SPOONBILL black-faced Platalea minor roseate Ajaia ajaja STORK Maguari Ciconia maguari Marabou Leptoptilos crumeniferus white SUNBITTERN Eurpyga belias SWAN black-necked Cygnus melanocoryphus Coccoroba Cygnus coscoroba whooper C. c. cygnus TANAGER, magpie Cissopis leveriana turquoise Tangara mexicana TEAL, cape Anas capensis puna Anas vesicolor puna ringed Callonetta leucopbrys TERN, Inca Larosterna inca THICKNEE, double-stripped Burbinus bistriatus THRUSH, common shama Copsychus malabaricus TOUCAN keel-billed Rampbastos sulfuratus red billed Toco Rampbastos toco hl29 L22 hl99,377 hl29 20 + hl30,350,377 315 ?(n)316 hr344-6 158 C404 316 220-2;E221-2 L22 hl30 hl29, 377 h377 20+;v20+ 184-7 ;h304; P184-7 h266 hl99 hl99 h350 hl30;304 hl29,130 h350 h350 h350 L315 L315 L315;7164,233 C404 11 hl29 hr49-52 hr49-52 h377 2;hr49-52;L3l5 h229 42;hr49-52 L315 L315 L315 L315 L315 L315 L315 384 h377 h377 hl29 r20+ h350 li377 h266 h266 h266 h377 h377 h377 h377 h304 1»130 h350 h377 7(r)93 h304 32 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 TRAGOPAN, Terominck's Tragopan temminckii hl30 TURACO, white-crested Tauraco leucolophus h350 VANGAS 11 VULTURE king Sarcorhamphus papa h350,377 Rupell's griffon Gyps rueppellli hl30 WATERFOWL L315 WATERHEN white-breased Amauronis phoenicuras hl29 WOOD PARTRIDGE crested Rollulus roulroul h377 FISH AND MARINE INVERTEBRATES ABALONE C404 CEPHALOPODS 105 NURSERY 1.315 Oreochromis esculeutus h304 SERGEANT MAJOR 20+ INVERTEBRATES ■ TERRESTRIAL ANT, Leaf-cutter Atta texana 7164 BEE, honey Apidae sp. 7164 TARANTULA, red-kneed 412 WORM, earth 394 fat innkeeper e404 MWALS AARDVARK Orycteropus afer ADDAX Addax nasomaculatus ANTELOPE, Sable Hippotragus niger APE ARMADILLO six-banded Euphractus sexcinctus BABOON, Mandril Papio sphinx BAT fruit (flying fox) Egyptian Rousattus aagyptlacus giant/Malayan Pteropus vampyrus golden-mantled Pteropus pumilus island Pteropus hypomelanus Rodrigues Pteropus rodrlcensis vampire Desmodus rotundus BEAR black Asiatic Ursus thibetanus Himilayan brown, Alaskan Ursus middendorffi polar Ursus maritimus spectacled Tremarctos ornatus BETTONG, Tasmanian Bettongia sp. BINTURONG Arctictis binturong BISON B. bison BONOBO see CHIMPANZEE, pygmy BUSHBABY see GALAGO, lesser CACOMISTLE CAMEL CARACAL see under LYNX CARNIVORE CAT Arabian wild F. silvestris tristrami fishing Felis viverrinus sand Felis margarita CATTLE gaur Bos gaurus CAVY, Patagonian Dolichotis patagonum CHEETAH CHEVROTAIN Larger Malayan Tragulus napu CHIMPANZEE Pan troglodytes pygmy (Bonobo) Pan paniscus CHIPMUNK, Eastern Tamias striatus CIVET, Fossana COATIS 209-15, •b377, • P210,213-4; r210-3 b377 bl99 E364 bl29,266 b266 355;E309;K265 b4,2e6 b229 b229 b229 bl29,199,266, 229,377 bl29,266 23,80;E95,205 hr77 bl30 C404 M151 bl30;E179; M147-8,150 bl99,350 238 b4;hr78-80; P78-9 379-80;E205 80 409;E95 E388 b4 b304;c222; 7 (hr) 316 b377 bl29 b4 b304;c222; hr43;7363 bl99 348-50,374; C108;E364; M150;P348-50; 7154 240-2;P241 793 24 80 ELEPHANT African ivory ELK FELINES FERRET, black-footed Mustela nigripes FOSSA Cryptoprocta ferox FOX, fennec GALAGO, lesser (bushbaby) GAUR see under CATTLE GAZELLE Cuvier ' s/Edmi Cazella cuvieri Dorcas Gazella dorcus Mhorr/Addra Gazella dama mhorr slender-horned Gazella leptocros GIBBON siamang Hylobates syndactylus white-cheeked Hylobates concolor white-handed Hylobates lar GIRAFFE Ciraffa Camelopardalis reticulated G. c. reticulata GNU, brindled Connochaetes taurlhus GOAT feral GORAL GORAL, central Chinese Nemorhaedus goral arnouxianus GORILLA G. gorilla lowland. Eastern G. g. graueri Western G. g. gorilla mountain GUENON Cercopithecus sp. Diana C. diana lesser spot-nosed C. petaurista HARTEBEEST Cape Alcelapbus buselaphus caama HEDGEHOG East African Atelerix albiventris HIPPOPOTAMUS Nile Pygmy Choeropsis liberiensis HOOFSTOCK HORSE, Przewalski Equus przewalski INSECTIVORES JAGUAR Panthera onca JAGUARUNDI KANGAROO grey Macropus giganteus rat, long-nosed Potorous tridactylus red Macropus rufus(=Hegaleia rufa) tree Dendrolagus sp. Goodfellow's D. goodfellowi Matshcie's D. matschiei KLIPSPRINGER O. oreotragus Stevenson! KOALA Northern Pbascolarctos cinereus LANGUR Francois Presbytis f. trancoisi spectacled Presbytis obscurus LEMUR Avahi collar golden bamboo greater fat-tailed dwarf Cheirogaleus major mouse, lesser Microcebus murinus 419;E9,95,388; M20+, 169-70, 338-9,374,446; nl39-40;P169; Vlll-5, 180-3, 218-9,245-8, 281-3,317-8, 351-3 420 P427 E205 E205;M150 bl29,266,304; C108;L23 24 E179 E364 b4 b350 b4 b4 7151 bl29 bl99 b4, 129, 304; M420 E155, 430-2; V20+ b4 M148 409; 793 238 2,271-2;E14, 364;7154 227 258;bl99,199, 266,266;hr62- 5 59,104,126, 258-9 ;L174 bl29 E155,280 b350 r94 E14;?76 bl30 M150 6 E95 226 C222 b304 239 bl29,266; ?(V)233 382 ;b4 b304 b4 92 b4 b4,l3l;il3l; P131 bl29;hr420 24,26,216-7; E179,364 24 b377 24,25 Cl8 20+,24 COLOBUS black and white Colobus guereza b4, 266, 377; hr440-l COUGAR see PUMA DEER Barbary Cervus elaphus barbarus b4 Kull's Cervus kulli b4 MacNeill ' s/red C. elaphus macneilli b4 Pere David's Elaphurus davidianus bl99 sika. Mandarin C. nippon mandarinus b4 tufted, Western Elaphodus cephalopus b4 white-lipped C. albirostris b4 DIK-DIK Gunther'S Madoqua guntheri smith! b4,350 DOG, African Wild Lycaon pictus 397-401 DOLPHIN, grey river 310 DOUROUCOULI Aotus trivirgatus bl99 grey-legged A. t. griseimembra bl29 DRILL Papio leucophaeus 776 DUIKER Cephalophus sp. blackback r420 blue C. monticola bicolor b266 Kaffir crowned b4 yellow-backed C. sylvicultor M149 ELAND E205;?316 red-bellied Lemur rubriventer red- fronted Lemur f. lulvus ring-tailed Lemur catta ruffed, black & white Lemur (=Varecia) v. variegatus LEOPARD clouded Panthera nebulosa N. Chinese Panthera pardus japonensis snow Panthera (=Unica) unica LION African Transvaal Panthera leo krugeri LLAMA LORIS slender Loris tardigradus slow, lesser Hycticebus pygmaeus LYNX, caracal Felis caracal MACROPODS MACAQUE Macaca sp. lion-taled M. silenus long-tailed stumptail Macaca arctoides MANATEE MANDRIL Papio sphinx MANED WOLF Chrysocyon brachyurus b4, 129, 304; E243;P243 b266,304 bl29,199;c222 b304 bl29,304 8,E155-6 r420 b4 409 E364 b4 bl29,377 bl29,350 7-8;hr20+ bl29,266 n253-7;P257 378 310 348,420 bl99,229,266; P325-7;v324-9 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1 , 1994 33 MARMOSET common Callithrix jacchus Geoffroy's Callithrix geofiroyi Goeldi's Callimico goeldii Kuhl ' s (Black-eared) (tuft-eared) Callithrix penicillata kuhli pygmy Callithrix pygmaea silvery Callithrix argentata MARSUPIALS MARTEN, European Pine M. martes MEERKAT MOLE-RAT, naked Heterocephalus glaber MONGOOSE, dwarf Helogala parvula Liberian ring-tailed Galidia elegans MONKEY capuchin Cebus sp. brown/tufted C. apella white-faced (white-throated) C. capucinus Dianna see under GUENON Goeldi's SEE UNDER Marmoset howler black Alouatta caraya spider black-handed Ateles geoltroyi squirrel, common Saimin sciureus 176, -Yl b2e6 bl29;hr20+ b266, 377 2;b229 bl29,266 bl99 K(hr) 174 7419 E179 bl29,266,377 b4, 377 Sl09 24 122;b377 E55,244,280, 387;P244 C153 bl29,266 73 bl29 262;E155 woolly MOUFLON, European MOUSE, golden MUNTJAC Reeves' Muntiacus reevesi ORANGUTAN Bornean Pongo p. pygmaeus ORYX Arabian Oryx leucoryx scimitar-horned Oryx dammah OTTER, Alaskan sea N. Am. river Lutra (=Lontra) canadensis OX, Vy Quang Pseudoryx nghetinhensis PANDA giant Ailuropoda melanoleuca red Ailurus /. fulgens PANTHER see PUMA PIG see SWINE PLATYPUS, duck-billed PORCUPINE brush tailed Atherurus africanus Mexican Coendou mexicanus prehensile tailed Coendou prehensilis POSSUM E178 b4 793 E388 b377 E364;hr20+; 7154 bl29,377 bl99 b4,129 E205 b266;cl9;E359- 63;hr420;n55; P361-2;vl9; 7316 283-4 23,42-3,80,228 80;b4,129,266, 266 316 bl29 b350 bl99 Leadbetter's Cymnobelideus leadbeateri POTOROO, long footed Potorous longipes PRIMATE PRONGHORN Antllocapra americana PUDU, Chilean Pudo pudu PUMA panther, Florida RACCOON RAT slendertailed cloud Phloemys pallidus RHINOCEROS black Diceros bicornis horn Indian Rhinoceros unicornis Sumatran white RINGTAIL SAIGA, Russian SAKI, paleheaded/whitefaced P. SEA LION SEAL, Hawaiian monk SHREW b304 239;r238 E205, 243-4, 308,387-8; hr20+ 2;hr43,68-9 bl99 E155-6, 364 346 80;E388 94 bl99 276, 395-6, •M420 9;b4,48,130; F48 425;L96, 236 E358;M356-8 C204 E14 80 20 + pithecia b4,199 E155 C442 elephant, short-eared Hacroscelides proboscideus least pygmy short-tailed Blarina sp. Northern B. brevicauda Southern Virginia native SIAMANG see under GIBBON SIFAKA, diademed Propithecus diadema SQUIRREL Harris' antelope Ammospermophilus harrisii Indian giant flying P. petaurista Prevost's Callosciurus prevosti SWINE pig, domestic Vietnamese potbellied TAMARIN golden lion Leontideus r. rosalia red-bellied white-lipped Saguinus labiates red-handed Saguinus midas TAPIR, Baird's Malayan Tapirus indices South American T. terrestris b377 793 793 793 793 793 24 E179 b350 V447-50 bl29 E14 409 176;E179,279; 73 b266;i275-6; n389-94 b266 bl99 hr 4 3 bl30;r298 194;b350,377; r298 TIGER Bengal Panthera tigris Siberian Panthera tigris altaica Sumatran WALLABY Parma Macropus parma WALLAROO Macropus robustus Eastern M. r. robustus euro M. r. erubescens WART HOG Phacochoerus aethiopicus WOLF gray Canis lupus WOMBAT ZEBRA Burchell's Equus burchelli Grevy ' s Equus grevyi 432;E155-6 hr 4 3 M147;7(hr)233 bl29 c222 b4 7316 238 238;r237 b304 L278,436 369-70 C188 E205 b266 b266,377;?316 EEETILES ALLIGATOR, Mississippi 7419 Alligator mississippiensis CROCODILE dwarf Osteolaemus tetraspis h4 Estuarine Crocodylus poroses 138 LIZARD cameleon, veiled Chamaeleo calyptratrus298 bluetongue, Adelaide 93,137-1 Tiliqua adelaidensis dragon. Inland bearded r420 Pogona vitticeps gecko Mauritius day Phelsuma cepediana h304 Keyserlingii frog-eyed Teratroscincus scincus hl99 girdle-tailed Cordylus tropidosternum h377 skink, prehensile-tailed b350 Corucia zebrata SNAKE boa, tree emerald Corallus canines bl30 Madagascar Sanzinia madagascariensis b350 brown. Eastern Pseudonaja textilis 93 cobra, Indian Maja naja h378 python, royal/ball Python regies h378 rat, red tailed Gonyosoma oxycehpala hl99 rattlesnake, Uracoan b350 Crotalus vegrandis Taipan Oxyuranus scutellatus 316 Viper, Guatemalan jumping Bothrops sp.bl29 TORTOISE desert ol88 spurred, African Geochelone sulcata h304 tranvancore hl99 TURTLE box, Florida Terrapene carolin bauri h378 river, yellow-spotted side-necked h304 Podocnemis unifilis green Chelonia mydas hawksbill loggerhead snake neck Chelodina expanse softshell, Florida Troinyx sp. spotted Clemmys guttata 102 86,98-101,101, 310 310 102,310 hl99 hl30 hl30. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES accepting credit cards donations BOARD OF DIRECTORS by-law revisions donations received general membership meeting meeting, mid-year report nominations & elections results 43,123 42,123,226,262 268-9 123,226,262, 354 263 196 2,170 226 President's message State of the Association tribute to President CHAPTERS fundraisers 5-6,46,125, 160-1,228,268- 71,379,415 5-6 439 17,18,19,42, survey logo registry update news tax notice COMMITTEES & OVERSEERS Adhoc ethics Awards Biological Values for Mammals Conferences Conservation, Preservation & Rest. Diet Notebook Exhibit Design Resource Notebook 109,110,152, 153,154,188, 189,234,284, 319,354,355, 404 ,405,406, 414 , 442 174+,262 263,415 17-9,70-2,108- 10,152-4,188- 9,204,222,234, 284-5,319-21, 354-5,404-6, 442 122,192 415 233 160-1 5 232 6 5 202-3 3 4 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 BOWLING FOR RHINOS Foreign Keepers Historian & History Book International Affairs Keeper Accomdations List (KAL) Legislative Outlook Library Resources Link Manual of Resources Projects Public Education Publications Funding Research/grants Staff exchange Training Materials Video tape project Zoo Infant Development Project Zoo/University list CREDIT CARD APPLICATION DONATIONS MEMBERS, new & renewing 71 122,232-3 202.383 274.299.383 342 160,305 5,81,116,144, 191,203,223, 295,334,371, 410,451 5 300 274 160 233 12-3,274 161 233 242+, 274 42,274 67 42 13,46,120,126, survey MISSION STATEMENT ZOO CRISIS FUND ACCESSORIES 161,198,231, 290,318,341, 406,417 20+ 194 17,18,72,188, 189,204 AAZK bumper sticker 293,320 AAZK frisbee 293 AAZK keeper care button 293 AAZK keychain 293 AAZK knives, 25th anniversary 2,293 AAZK license plate frames 2,293 AAZK mesh shopping bags 285 AAZK sweatshirt 285 colder holder 285 magnetic keeper safety sign 285 poster, Jamaican iguana 194 T-shirt, AAZK 285 Bowling for Rhinos 145 Hot Snake Crew 405 AAZPA 227 Elephant Management Position Statement 338-9 AMPHIBIAN INFANT DEVELOPMENT DATA SHEET ANIMAL BEHAVIOR SOCIETY ANIMAL DATA TRANSFER FORMS ANIMAL KEEPERS’ FORUM 242 + 187 2,87,194,300, 375 5 Articles solicited & information Associate Editor letters to the editor Survey Results ASSOC. OF BRITISH WILD ANIMAL KEEPERS AUSTRALIAN ZOOS AWARDS AND GRANTS AAZK Award recipients AAZK awards nominations AAZK grants UFAW World Wildlife Fund BARTLETT SOCIETY history of ZOOS BEHAVIORAL ARCHITECTURE: EXHIBIT DESIGN BIRTHS AND HATCHINGS BOOK REVIEW Birds Of Prey Birds Of South America, Vol. 1, The 1,41,85,121, 157,193,225, 261,297,337, 373,413 338 200,248 15-6 330-1 382-4 45,89-90,124- 5,162-3 3,298,338,375, 414 313 207 3 444-6 4,129-30,199, 229,266,304, 350,377-8 142-3 294 Oscine Passerines Black Bear: Seasons in the Wild 438 Communication and Nonmoccunication by 105 Cephalopods Concise Ojcford Dictionary of Zoology 252 The Evolution of Parental Care 2,73-6 The Great .Bear : Contemporary Writings 438 oQ.the. Grizzly Great Cats : M^j^stjc Crea.turg? Of 365-6 Wild Guide to the Birds of Madagascar 11 An Intro, to Tropical Rain Forests 407 Macmillan Animal Encyclopedia for 367 Children The Natural Hisotrv of Antelopes 332-3 Neotropical Wildlife Use & Conserv. 408 A_ Parrot without a Name; the Search for 206-7 the. Last Unknown Birds on Earth Eenquin Biplogy 175 The Quails. Partridges and Francolins 143 of the World Rhino at the Brink of Extinction 9 Snakes & Other Reptiles in Action 333 Waterfowl, an Identification Guide to 332 Ducks. Geese and Swans of the World Whales & Dolphins in Action 333 Wild Cat Species of the World 366-7 Wild Doas:the Natural History of the 206 Nondomestic Canidae 5,16,18,20+, 86,110,125, 152,153,158, 189,204,285, 319,321,341, 354,355,404, 405,418-9 CALGARY ZOO: Handrearing Shorebird Chicks 49-52 CANO PALMA BIOLOGICAL STATION 339 CARIBBEAN CONSERVATION CORPORATION 310 CHEYENNE MT. ZOO:Assisted rearing Colobus440-1 COLUMBUS ZOO:Gorilla Nursery Protocol 62-5 Hand-Rearing Print Outs 43 Pronghorn Hand-Rearing Procedures 68-9 COMPUTER "GREEN" 103-4 CONFERENCES /SYMPOSIUMS/ WORKSHOPS AAZK 1993 Environmental Enrichment Workshop Proceedings order form AAZPA Conservation Academy AAZPA Regional 54,262,308,374 387,420 421 21,44 19,44,88,231, 265,340,376, 417 21 AAZPA School for Prof. Management Amer. Assoc. Zoo Veterinarians, 1993 88,159,197, Am. Fed. Aviculture, 19th annual Am. Fed. Aviculture -Red Siskin ARZAPA/ASZK 1993 Conference Assoc. Avian Veterinarians Bat Research Behavior Modif. - Positive Training Callithrichid Symposium Captive Chimpanzees, Behavior & Man. Elephant Managers Association, 14th Environmental Enrichment Workshop Fish i Wildlife Agencies, 1993 Western Herptological , Northern California 6th IWRC, 16th Marine Animal Trainers, 21st Marine Mammals in Florida National Wildlife Rehabilitators Orang-utans, 1st international Reptile show, mid-Atlantic Tortoise i Turtle Conservation, Int. Urban Wildlife Watchable Wildlife, 2nd Zoo Veterinary Technicians, 11th CONSERVATION PARKING METERS see ESP CONSERVATION TREATY SUPPORT FUND DEFENDERS OF WILDLIFE: Decisions DES MOINES ZOO DIAN FOSSEY GORILLA FUND DIETS FOR HANDRAISING Bear, black Dove Killdeer Otter, American River DOWN UNDER ECOSYSTEM SURVIVAL PLAN (ESP) EDUCATION Avian Medicine Elephant handling school Int. training center -captive breeding Marine Aquaria: An Ecological Approach National Zoo records access The Rainbow Garden 230,264,301 197 159,197,230 21,44,88,302, 340.376.416 44,88,128,197, 376,417 259 416 416 195 234 84,86, 158 , 308, 320 128,159,197 21 230.264.301 198.230.265, 301.340 21 21.44.416 128,159,164, 198.231.265, 302,340,376, 416 264.301 44,88,128,159 264.301.340 265,302,376 197,230,264, 301 125 132-4 263 87,c234 77 72 52 55 7-8,92-3,137- 8,237-9 5,6,19,123, 153,168,188, 263,298,375, 414 3 446 66 138 23 249-52 Univ. Research Expeditions Program Zoo Studies courses Friends University ELEPHANT MANAGERS ASSOCIATION ELEPHANT SET ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT ENRICHMENT OPTIONS GALDIKAS, Dr. Birute GREENDISK: Funding for World's Rhinos H.E.L.P. SANCTUARY : New Life for Chimps HOGLE ZOO: The Green Sea Turtle HONOLULU ZOO: The 'Alala of Hawaii HOUSTON ZOO: Birth Francois Langurs INDIANAPOLIS ZOO: Bowling for Rhinos INFORMATION PLEASE Alligator, Mississippi Ant, Leaf-cutter Aviary - open flight net Bees, honey Callithrix - supplemental feeders Cat, fishing - hand raising Cebuella - supplemental feeders Cheetah 307 87 183 111-5,139-40, 180-3,218-9, 245-8,281-3, 317-8,351-3 96,173,208 14,95,155-6, 178-9,205,243- 4,279-80,308- 9,364,387-8, 430-2 123 395 348-50 98-101 60-2 131 16,418-9 419 164 203 164 3 316 3 363 Animal Keepers' Forum, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1994 35 Chipmunk, Eastern 93 Drill storing pebbles in cheek pouches 76 Emu 316 exotic game ranch - AAZPA 227 Gibbon call tape trade 151 Goat training 93 Great ape introductions 154 Hippo, nile vocalizations 76 Kangaroo, red - lumpy jaw 233 Keeper exchanges 76 Marten, European Pine 419 Mouse, Golden 93 Ostrich 316 Otter, North American survey 316 Primate food presentations 3 Raptors 164,233 Ratite diets 316 Saguinus - supplemental feeders 3 Shrew, Virginia natives 93 software packages 388,428 Spider monkey feeders 3 Tiger, Bengal - hand raising 233 Toucan, Red bill - mating/nesting 93 KANSAS CITY ZOO: Staff Exchange 12-3 KEEPER ALERT International Zoo Yearbook. Vol.31 378 The Last Panda 409 Living Snakes of the World 136 Management Guildelines for Bears & 80 Pagcopns Mv Nature Craft Book 409 The National Arboretum Book of 136 Outstanding Garden Plants Neotropical Rainforest Mammals; Field 136 Guide Night Creatures 409 Owls:Their Life and Behavior 136 The Planet Mechanic 425 Poisonous Plants of East. North Amer. 353 Putting Biodiversity on the Hap; 115 Racks: Natural History of Antlers & 136 animals Rhino At the Brink of Extinction 9 A River Runs Through It 409 Ttie Sandhiii Crapa 13 6 Seashore Animals of the Southeast 353 The Shape of Enrichment 27,163 Spheniscus Penguin Newsletter 382 Welcome to the Greenhouse 409 WUdfjowcr Folklore 4 09 Chirapteran TAG subcommitte - bats elephant management issues sought exotic game ranch task force - AAZPA footprints for T-shirts grass seed and plants available great ape introductions Guatemala Uniform Project support Guy Litchy's marriage proposal film "I Witness Video" seeks footage keeper exchange mountain gorilla petition campaign Possum Walk Station new address LEGISLATIVE OUTLOOK LINCOLN PARK ZOO: Spring Break '93 LOWRY PARK ZOO: Rhino Training M.A.R.C. METRO TORONTO ZOO: Ostrich Rearing MIGRATORY BIRD TREATY ACT MONKEY JUNGLE: Foraging Patterns long-ta Macaques MONKEY ZOO: Response to Bungee Jumping Monkeys NATIONAL BIOLOGICAL SURVEY NATURE CONSERVANCY NEW YORK ZOOL. SOCIETY name changes NGARE SERGOI SANCTUARY & SUPPORT GROUP NON-TOXIC HOME RECIPES OBITUARIES Jubal Cox Dr. David Fleay Doug Knuff Dick Schubot Charlene Torre PARASITES Dioctophyme renale in Manes Wolved PEREGRINE FUND PHILADELPHIA ZOO Connections Exhibition & Breeding of Aardvarks Other Places to Find Lemurs Ranomaf ana PHOENIX ZOO: Exhibit design POSSUM WALK STATION PREAKNESS CLEANUP PRIMATE TALK PUBLICATIONS 1993 Global Zoo Directory A is for Animals AAZK: 1992 Conference Proceedings 265 374,414 227 42 86 154 299 143 375 76,239 126 174 22-3,96-7,173- 4,208,236,278, 314-6,342,401- 3 ,434-6 306-7 356-8 382 344-6 171-2 il253-7 55 291-3 312-3,379-80 128 5,6,56-9,420, 423-4 342 42 316 109 227 300 324-9 190 286-7 209-15 216-7 24-7 444-6 K174 226,319 339 272 409 20insert, 122 , 158,195 Zoo and Aquarimn prQgesgjgngals.i 20,82,208+ the Histgrv Of.. MZK RED SISKIN PROJECT 229 REPRODUCTION Dragon, Inland bearded 420 Duiker, blackbacked 420 Euros, reproductive success 237 Invitro ferilization program c71 Lion, African 420 Potoroo, long-footed 238 ROTTENDAM ZOO: Parrot Well-Being 220-2 SAN DIEGO WILD ANIMAL PARK: Protected 169-70 Contact Elephant Protocol SAN DIEGO ZOO: Pygmy Chimps at Bonobo Road240-2 SAPO NATIONAl PARK, WEST AFRICA 426-8;P427 SOUTHWICK'S ZOO: Hand-rearing Binturongs 78-80 SURVEYS AAZK Membership results AKF results Amphibian Infant Development Callithrichids, diseases and illnesses Chapter fundraising Great Ape Reptile Infant Development river otter. North American TELEVISION January insert 166-7 15-6 242 + 176 174+,262 386 242 + ?316 Wolf: Return of a Legend 370 Thundershower for Small Enclosures 322-3 TOPEKA ZOO: Tropical Rainforest Exhibit 106-7 Fire UNIVERSITIES FED. FOR ANIMAL WELFARE 313 UTICA ZOO:Temporary Separation of 275-6 Juvenile Golden-lion Tamarin VETERINARY Avian diseases c442 Callitrichids, disease i illness surveyl76 Elephant anesthesia dental disorders external diseases internal diseases morphology & physiology Giraffe, prosthetic tail Kangaroo, red - lumpy jaw Maned wolf - Dioctophyme renale Penguin epidemic River Otter, anesthesia Squirrel, Indian Giant flying - hematological parameters 351-3 218-9 180-3 245-8,281-3, 317-8 111-5 20 + ?233 324-9 20+ Cl9 447-50 VIDEOS Audio Visual Resources Catalog - 329,339 Wise. Reg. Primate Research Center 1993 Conference Proceedings 420-1 Diet Notebook, Mammals, Vol.l 208+ African wildlife Update 302 The Amateur Naturalis 136 Animal Behaviour 187 An Approach to Zookeeping 383 Australian Mammal Society Newsletter 237-9 Bartlett Society Newsletter 3 Battle for the Elephants 136 Big cypress Swamp & 10.000 Islands 353 piQi.pqi<;a.l V.a].v.^s.?eig(;tgia Mammals, 3rd 208+ The Bluebird Book 136 Butterflies: How to Attract Them to 136 YQvr gari^en The Creepy Crawler? & gcj.antifip 409 EcoArt 1 409 Elephant Set bibliography 353 Golden Dunes and Desert Mountains 277 Green Products bv Design 130 Growing and Propagating wjig Flpwprg i36 A Guide to American zpps Agoarigrug 375 P.uid.e..ts the, gird p.£. MaiaagasEac n Guide to the Hatippaj Wii