COLONEL- MALCOLM •
OF POLTALLOCH •
CAMPBELL COLLECTION
v
/
A
Rioghachca emeaNN.
ANNALS
OP
THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND,
BY THE FOUR MASTERS,
FROM
THE EARLIEST PERIOD TO THE YEAR 1616.
EDITED PROM KSS. IN IKE LIBRAE! OP THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY AND OF TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN, WITH
A TRANSLATION, AND COPIOUS NOTES,
BY JOHN O'DONOVAN, LLD., M.RI.A.,
BAEEISTEE AT LAW.
"Olim Kegibui panbant, none per Prindpes factionibos et studiis trahnntur : nee alind adversus validiirimaa gentes pro nob'a utilius. quam quod in commune non consulont. Rams doabos tribusve cmtatibos ad propnlsandnm commune periculum conventus •. ita dam singuli pagnant turn-era vincnntnr." — TACITUS, AGBICOLA, c. 12.
SECOND EDITION.
VOL. I.
DUBLIN: HODGES, SMITH, AND CO., GRAFTON-STREET.
BOOKSELLERS TO THE UNIYEBSITT.
1856.
DUBLIN :
ISrtnUB at 0>e antOergitj
BY M. H. GILL.
TO
?.<:<; THE MOST NOBLE THE MARQUIS OF KILDARE, M.P., M.E.I.A.,
THE BIGHT HONOURABLE THE EAEL OF DUNEAVEN, M. R. I. A.,
THE REV. JAMES HENTHOEN TODD, D.D., S.F.T.C.D., M.E.I.A.,
GEORGE PETEIE, ESQ,, LL.D., Y.P.E.I.A., &R.H.A.,
AND
JAMES HAEDIMAN, ESQ., M.R.I.A.
MY LORDS AND SIRS,
When Brother Michael O'Clery, the chief of the Four Masters, had finished the Annals of Ireland, he dedicated the work to Farrell O'Gara, chief of Coolavin, there being no O'Donnell in the country to patronize his labours ; and he adds, that his having done so should not excite jealousy or envy in the mind of any one, con- sidering the nobleness of the race from which O'Gara was sprung, and that it was he that rewarded the Chroniclers who assisted in the compilation.
From the first moment that I undertook the present work, I had it in contemplation to dedicate it to some persons who had eminently distinguished themselves by their exertions in promoting the study of Irish History and Antiquities ; and I feel confident that, although
a
vi DEDICATION.
there are living at the present day many of the ancient Irish, as well as of the Anglo-Irish race, illustrious for their birth, talents, and patriotism, it will excite neither jealousy nor envy in any of them that I should commit this work to the world under your names ; for you have stood prominently forward to promote the cause of an- cient Irish literature, at a period when it had fallen into almost utter neglect, and have succeeded in rescuing a very considerable portion of our history and antiquities from the obscurity and oblivion to which they had been for some time consigned.
Permit me, then, to dedicate this work to you, that, as the Editor of the Annals of the Four Masters, I may be known to posterity as one who enjoyed your friendship, and felt grateful for the services you have rendered to Ireland.
Your obedient, humble Servant,
JOHN O'DONOVAN.
8, NEWCOMEN PLACE, NORTH STRAND, DUBLIN, June 2ND, 1851.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
J.HE first part of the following Annals, ending with the year 1171, has already been printed by Dr. O'Conor, from the autograph original, which was preserved among the manuscripts of the Duke of Bucking- ham, at Stowe. His text, however, is full of errors ; it is printed in the Italic character, and the contractions of the manuscript, which in many places Dr. O'Conor evidently misunderstood, are allowed to remain, although without any attempt to represent them by a pecu- liar type. There are also many serious errors and defects in his Latin translation, arising partly from the cause just alluded to, but chiefly from ignorance of Irish topography and geography.
These defects the Editor has endeavoured to correct. He has adopted Dr. O'Conor's text in the portion of the Annals to which it extends, but, not having had access to the original manuscript, he has corrected the errors with which it abounds by a collation of it with two manuscripts preserved in Dublin. The first of these is in the Library of Trinity College, and was made for Dr. John Fergus, of Dublin, in the year 1734-5*. It professes to have been transcribed
• This manuscript, which is in a large, strong, caip TTlicel O'CUipij a ^Conuene t>hum na
and good hand, is entitled thus : " Qnnala na njall DO pheapjal O'^uopa, -| ap na acpjpfo-
cCeicpe TTIaijipcip o'n bliaoam oaoir- DO- b'ao ap an leaBap cdaona oo Shean O'pepjupa
main oa riiile t>a ceo cearpacac a oo, jup an a mbaile Qca cliac, 1734-5," — *• e- "Annals
tnbliabain oaoip Cpiopc mile c6o peaccmojae of the Four Masters, from the year of the age of
a haon ap na pjpfobao ap cup lap an mbpd- the world two thousand two hundred and forty-
viii INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
from the autograph of the Four Masters, then in the possession of Charles O'Conor of Belanagare, by Hugh O'Molloy, who was an excel- lent and well qualified scribe. The other is in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, and was also made at Belanagare, under the inspection of Charles O'Conor, and by his own scribe. These manu- scripts, are, therefore, both of them, in all probability, copies of the same autograph original from which Dr. O'Conor, in the third volume of the Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, has derived his text ; and they have enabled the Editor to correct many errors, both in the Irish and in the translation.
The text of the remaining portion of the Annals, extending from the year 1172 to 1616, has been, for the first time, printed in this publication. It is derived from the autograph manuscript preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, compared with another autograph copy in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. The former manuscript was purchased at the sale of the late Mr. Austin Cooper, by George Petrie, Esq., LL.D., and by him deposited in the Library of the Academy. The Editor cannot give a better account of this important manuscript than in the words of Dr. Petrie, by whose permission he reprints here the paper read by that gentleman to the Academy.
" TO THE PRESIDENT AND MEMBEES OF THE KOYAL IRISH ACADEMY.
" MY LORD AND GENTLEMEN,— Having recently had the good fortune to obtain for the Eoyal Irish Academy the most important remain of our ancient literature, the original autograph of a portion of the first part or volume, and the whole of the second volume of the work usually designated the Annals of the Four Masters, I feel it incumbent on me to lay before you a statement of the proofs of its authenticity, together with such circumstances connected with its history, as have hitherto come within my knowledge.
two to the year of the Age of Christ one thou- of Donegal, for Fearghal O'Gadhra, and tran- *and one hundred and seventy-one, written first scribed from the same book for John O'Fergusa by the Friar Michael O'Clery, in the convent in Dublin 1734-5 »
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. ix
" With regard, in the first place, to our acquisition being the undoubted autograph original of this most invaluable work, it is to be observed that the manuscript itself furnishes the most satisfactory internal evidences for such a conclusion, evidences even more decisive than those which have been brought forward in support of the autograph originality of the first part, now the chief treasure of the magnificent library of his Grace the Duke of Buckingham, and which has recently been published through the munificence of that patriotic nobleman.
" In the front of these evidences we find the dedication of the whole work to Fergal O'Gara, Lord of Moy O'Gara and Coolavin, in the county of Sligo, the chieftain under whose patronage, and for whose use, the Annals were com- piled ; and this dedication, not a copy in the hand of an ordinary scribe, but committed to the peculiar durability of parchment, and wholly in the hand- writing and signed with the proper signature of Michael O'Clery, the chief of the Four Masters who were employed in its compilation. As this dedication throws much light on the history of the work, and has not been hitherto pub- lished entire, I shall take leave to introduce it here, as literally translated by the venerable Charles O'Conor :
" ' I invoke the Almighty God, that he may pour down every blessing, corporal and spiritual, on Ferall O'Gara, Tiern (Lord) of Moy O'Gara and Culavinne, one of the two knights elected to represent the county of Sligo in the Parliament held in Dublin, this present year of our Lord, 1634.
" ' In every country enlightened by civilization, and confirmed therein through a succession of ages, it has been customary to record the events pro- duced by time. For sundry reasons, nothing was deemed more profitable or honourable than to study and peruse the works of ancient writers, who gave a faithful account of the great men who figured on the stage of life in preceding ages, that posterity might be informed, how their forefathers have employed their time, how long they continued in power, and how they have finished their days.
" ' I, Michael O'Clery, brother of the Order of St. Francis (through ten years employed under obedience to my several provincials in collecting mate- rials for our Irish Hagiology), have waited on you, noble Ferall O'Gara, as I was well acquainted with your zeal for the glory of God, and the credit of
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INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
your country. I perceived the anxiety you suffer from the cloud which at present han<m over our ancient Milesian race ; a state of things which has occasioned the ignorance of many, relative to the lives of the holy men, who, in former times, have been the ornaments of our island ; the general ignorance also of our civil history, and of the monarchs, provincial kings, tigherns (lords), and toisachs (chieftains), who flourished in this country through a succession of ages, with equal want of knowledge in the synchronism necessary for throwing light on the transactions of each. In your uneasiness on this subject I have informed you, that I entertained -hopes of joining to my own labours the assistance of the antiquarians I held most in esteem, for compiling a body of Annals, wherein those matters should be digested under their proper heads ; judging that should such a compilation be neglected at present, or consigned to a future time, a risk might be run that the materials for it should never again be brought together. In this idea I have collected the most authentic Annals I could find in my travels through the kingdom (and, indeed, the task was difficult). Such as I have obtained are arranged in a continued series, and I commit them to the world under your name, noble O'Gara, who stood forward in patronising this undertaking ; you it was who set the antiquarians to work, and most liberally paid them for their labour, in arranging and tran- scribing the documents before them, in the convent of Dunagall, where the Fathers of that house supplied them with the necessary refreshments. In truth every benefit derivable from our labours is due to your protection and bounty ; nor should it excite jealousy or envy that you stand foremost in this as in other services you have rendered your country ; for by your birth you are a descendant of the race of Heber, which gave Ireland thirty monarchs, and sixty-one of which race have died in the odour of sanctity. Eighteen of those holy men are. traced to your great ancestor Teig, the son of Kian, and grandson of the celebrated Olioll-Olam, who died King of Munster, A. D. 260. The posterity of that Teig have had great establishments in every part of Ireland, viz. : the race of Cormac Galeng, in Leyny of Conaght, from whom you are descended, as well as the O'Haras of the same Leyny, and the O'Haras of the Rout ; the O'Carrolls also of Ely, and the O'Conors of Kianachta Glen- gevin, in Ulster. In proof of your noble extraction, here follows your genealogy. " ' Ferall O'Gara, thou art the son of Teig, &c. &c.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xi
" ' On the 22nd January, 1632, this work was undertaken in the convent of Dunagall, and was finished in the same convent on the 10th of August, 1636.
" ' I am thine most affectionately,
" ' BROTHER MICHAEL O'CLERY.'
" Immediately following this dedication we are presented with the original certificate or testimonium of the superiors of the Franciscan convent of Dunagal, in which the Annals were compiled, signed with their autograph signatures, as on the said 10th of August, 1636. This, too, is written on parchment, and has also affixed to it the signature of O'Donell, Prince of Tirconnell"b [recte, Brother Bonaventure O'Donnell Jubilate Reader] ; " and while I feel it necessary to my purpose to transcribe this testimonium (which I also give in the translation of Mr. O'Conor), I beg that those interested in the question will observe how considerably it differs in its wording from that prefixed to the Stowe Manu- script, and how far more copious it is in its information relative to the sources from which the work was compiled.
" ' The Fathers of the Franciscan Order, subscribers hereunto, do certify that Ferall O'Gara was the nobleman who prevailed on Brother Michael O'Clery to bring together the antiquaries and chronologers, who compiled the following Annals (such as it was in their power to collect), and that Ferall O'Gara afore- said rewarded them liberally for their labour.
" ' This collection is divided into two parts, and from the beginning to the end has been transcribed in the convent of the brothers of Dunagall, who sup- plied the transcribers with the necessary viands. The first volume was begun in the same convent, A. D. 1632, when Father Bernardin O'Clery was guardian thereof.
" ' The antiquaries and chronologers who were the collectors and transcri- bers of this work we attest to be Brother Michael O'Clery ; Maurice O'Maol-
b Prince of Tirconndl. — In consequence of the O'Conor. When Dr. Petrie bought the manu-
time-stained condition of this piece of parchment script, it was a mere unbound roll ; its margins
when Dr. Petrie's paper was written, it was not worn away by damp. It has been since restored,
easy to decipher these words, and it was, there- under Dr. Petrie's direction; and the manuscript,
fore, very natural that he should rely on the bound in whole Russia, is now in a state of per-
authority of the venerable Charles O'Conor of feet beauty, as well as in a condition to bid defi-
Belanagare, and that of his grandson, Dr. Charles ance to the hand of time for centuries ED.
b2
Xll
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
conary, the son of Torna, who assisted during a month ; Fergus 0 Maolconary the son of Lochlan also, and both those antiquaries were of the county c Roscommon ; Cucogry O'Clery, another assistant, was of the county of Dunagall, as was Cucogry O'Duigenan, of the county of Leitrim ; Conary 0 Clery, like- wise of the county of Dunagall.
« ' The old books they collected were the Annals of Clonmacnoise, an abbey founded by holy Kiaran, son of the Carpenter ; the Annals of the Island of Saints on the Lake of Rive ; the Annals of Senat Mac Magnus, on the Lake of Erne (now called the Ulster Annals); the Annals of the O'Maolconarys ; the Annals of Kilronan, compiled by the O'Duigenans. These antiquarians had also procured the Annals of Lacan, compiled by the Mac Firbisses (after tran- scribing the greater part of the first volume), and from those Lacan Annals they supplied what they thought proper in the blanks they left for any occasional information they could obtain. The Annals of Clonmacnoise, and those of the Island of Saints, came down no farther than the year of our Lord 1227.
" ' The second part of this work commences with the year of our Lord 1208 ; and began to be transcribed in the present year, 1635, when Father Christopher Dunlevy was guardian ; and these Annals were continued down to the year 1608, when Father Bernardin O'Clery was, for the second time, elected Guardian.
" ' Brother Michael O'Clery above mentioned, Cucogry O'Clery, and Conary O'Clery, have been the transcribers .of the Annals from 1332 to 1608. The books from which they transcribed have been the greater part of O'Maolconary's book, ending with the year 1505 ; the book of the O'Duigenans aforesaid, from the year 900 to 1563 ; the book of Senate Mac Magnus, ending with 1532 ; a part also of the book of Cucogry, the son of Dermot O'Clery, from the year 1281 to 1537 ; the book likewise of Maolin og Mac Bruodin, from the year 1588 to 1603 ; the book, moreover, of Lugad O'Clery, from 1586 to 1602. All those books we have seen in the hands of the antiquaries, who have been the compilers of the present work, together with other documents, too many to be mentioned. In proof of what we have here set forth, we have hereunto annexed our manual signatures, in the convent of Dunagall, August the 10th, 1636.
Signed, " ' BERNARDINUS O'CLERY, Guardianus, Dungallensis.
" ' BROTHER MAURICE DUULEVY, $c. #c.'
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
" Before we proceed further, let us reflect for a moment on the matter fur- nished by those interesting documents, to which the writers were so anxious to give all possible durability. How prophetic were the just apprehensions of that chief compiler, ' that if the work were then neglected, or consigned to a future time, a risk might be run that the materials for it should never again be brought together.' Such, indeed, would have been the sad result. Those fearful predictions were made on the very eve of that awful rebellion which caused a revolution of property, and an extent of human affliction, such, perhaps, as no other country ever experienced. In that unhappy period, nearly all the original materials of this compilation probably perished, for one or two of them only have survived to our times. Even this careful transcript was supposed to have shared the same fate, and its recent discovery may be considered as the result of a chance almost miraculous ! What a solemn lesson, then, is here given us of the necessity of giving durability, while yet in our power, to the surviving historical remains of our country, and thereby placing them beyond the reach of a fate otherwise almost inevitable. To me it appears a sacred duty on cul- tivated minds to do so. Had this compilation been neglected, or had it, as was supposed, shared the fate of its predecessors, what a large portion of our history would have been lost to the world for ever !
" But to proceed. It is to be most pertinently observed, that, from the above testimonium, it appears that, in the original manuscripts, the writers left blanks for the purpose of inserting subsequently any occasional information they might obtain ; and by a reference to the manuscript now under consideration, it will be found that such blanks have been frequently filled up in various parts of the volume.
" Secondly, — We learn from this testimonium, that, contrary to the opinion of Doctor O'Conor and others who have written on the subject, the second part or volume commenced, not, as they state, with the year 1172, but with the year 1208. So we find it is in our manuscript, in which the period from 1170 to 1208 is substantially divided from the subsequent annals, not only by the aforesaid dedication and testimonium, but also by a heading prefixed as to the commencement of the second volume.
' Thirdly, — The testimonium states that Michael O'Clery, Cucogry O'Clery, and Conary O'Clery, were the transcribers of the Annals from the year 1332
xiv INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
to the year 1608 ; and by a reference to our manuscript we shall find, not only that the writing of those three scribes is strongly marked by their individual characteristics, but also be able, by a comparison with any of our own manu- scripts, in the handwriting of Cucogry O'Clery, to ascertain what portions of the Annals were so written by that admirable scribe.
" I have to add to these evidences another of yet greater importance, namely, that a great number of loose leaves accompany the volume, which, on exami- nation, prove to be the first extracts from the original ancient documents, copied out without much regard to order or chronological arrangement, previously to their being regularly transferred to the work. There are also additions in the handwriting of Michael O'Clery0, the chief of the Four Masters, bringing the Annals down as late as the year 1616, which appears to have been the last entry ever made in the volume.
" These evidences will, I trust, be deemed amply sufficient to establish the fact of this manuscript being the veritable original autograph of this important work, written, as the title now prefixed to the Trinity College copy properly states, ad mum Fergalli OGara. The circumstances relative to its history, which I shall now have the honour to submit, will enable us, I think, to trace its possession with tolerable certainty to the last direct representative of the family of its illustrious patron.
" It has been hitherto generally believed that no perfect copy of the Second Part of the Annals of the Four Masters was in existence, and that the mutilated volume in the College Library, which is deficient in the years preceding 1335, and was never carried farther than the year 1605, was the only original to be found. The recent acquisition to our valuable collection of manuscripts of a perfect transcript of the whole of the work, proved the supposition to be an error, and that at the period when it was transcribed an original autograph of the second volume had been in existence.
' Michael O'Clery.— This should be, "in the of Charles O'Conor of Belanagare, intimating
handwriting of Conary, the brother of Michael that Mary deBurgo, daughter of the Earlof Clan-
Clery." The last part of the work in which rickard, was the mother of Teige O'fiourke. The
the handwriting of Michael O'Clery appears, is remaining years to the end (thelast being 1616)
the last nine lines of the year 1605. The last line are in the hand of Conary O'Clery, as indeed is
in the same year is an interpolation, in the hand the greater part of the second volume._ED.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. XV
" In each of the volumes of this transcript we find an advertisement by the Chevalier O'Gorman, for whom the copy was made, stating that ' the original of the first volume was the property of Charles O'Conor, Esq., of Belanagare ; and the original of the second, that of the Right Honourable Colonel William Burton Conyngham, who lent it to Chevalier O'Gorman, by whom it was duly returned to Colonel Conyngham, but has been since mislaid.' Thus far we can trace our manuscript, as being the original from which the Chevalier's copy, now in our possession, was transcribed ; and its ownership to Colonel Burton Conyngham, whose library passed, subsequently, into the hands of the late Mr. Austin Cooper, at whose recent sale the work was acquired. The Chevalier O'Gorman's advertisement is without date, but a certificate, in the handwriting of Charles O'Conor, Esq., is prefixed, stating that the transcript was made for the use of his friend, the Chevalier O'Gorman, in his house at Belanagare : ' This,' he says, ' I testify in Dublin, May the 10th, 1 78 1.' Now, it is remarkable that, from a letter written by the Chevalier O'Gorman to Charles O'Conor, dated January 10, 1781, the same year (published in the Testimonia to the first volume of the Annals in the Rerum Hib. Scriptores), we learn that our manuscript was, at that time, ' the property' of Charles O'Conor. In this letter the Chevalier says : ' I have seen Gorman' (the Scribe) ' this morning ; I find he has copied but the first volume of the Four Masters, which Colonel Burton told me you were pleased to return to him. I expected he would not only have copied the second, but also the Annals of Connaught, both your property.' From this it appears certain that our manuscript had belonged to Charles O'Conor, pre- viously to its being transferred to the possession of Colonel Conyngham ; but for what reason that transfer was made it is not for me to conjecture.
" Let us now proceed a little earlier, and we shall find that Mr. O'Conor got the original copy of the Annals made for the O'Gara, from the direct repre- sentative of that lord, as early as the year 1734. In the Prolegomena to the first volume of the Rerum Hib. Scriptores, p. 51, the following extract is given from a letter written by Charles O'Conor to Doctor Curry, and dated Roscom- mon, July the 16th, 1756 : 'In regard to the Four Masters, I shall write to Colonel O'Gara, in St. Sebastian, where he is quartered with his regiment, and reproach him with giving more of his confidence to a little ignorant ecclesiastic than to me, his nearest relation in this kingdom, his father and mine being
XVI
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
brother and sister's children. I got that work in 1734, through the interest of Bishop O'Rourke, my uncle.' It is remarkable that this same letter is again quoted in the 'Testimonia' prefixed to the Annals, in the second volume of the same work, but as addressed, not to Doctor Curry, but to a Mr. O'Reilly. It also differs in the wording, as will appear from the following extract : ' I shall write to Colonel O'Gara, &c.' ' This expedient will, I hope, confirm the book (the Annals of the Four Masters) to me.' From this it would appear that, though he had gotten the work from the O'Gara family, as early as 1734, there was, nevertheless, a claim put forward relative to it, on the part of some branch of that family, so late as 1756. In the same ' Testimonial p. 11, Doctor O'Conor quotes his grandfather as writing that he obtained the work in 1734, from Brian O'Gara, Archbishop of Tuam, viz. :
'' ' Liber hie nunc pertinet ad Cathaldum juniorem O'Conor, filium Don- chadi, &c., et ejusdem libri possessio tributa fuit ei per Brianum O'Gara, Archi- episcopum praslarum Tuamias, A. D. 1734.
" ' CATHALDUS O'CONOR.'
" And in the memoirs of his grandfather, written by Doctor O'Conor, there is the following passage : ' Colonel O'Gara, who commanded a regiment under James the Second, made a present of the Four Masters to Doctor O'Rourke, Mr. O'Conor's uncle, who gave it to him ; it is now in his library, and an auto- graph.'— Memoirs, p. 256.
" Lastly, — In his account of the manuscripts in the Stowe Library, Doctor O'Conor says : ' This volume was carried into Spain by Colonel O'Gara, who commanded the Irish regiment of Hibernia, in the Spanish service, in 1734. He sent it to his relative, the late Charles O'Conor of Belanagare, as the person best qualified to make use of it'
" In these various accounts there is evidently some mystification11 or error,
" Mystification.— It is quite clear that there now deposited in the Library of the Royal Irish
were several copies of these Annals made by the Academy. Dr. Lyons sent a trace of the last
Four Masters, for, besides the copy of the first page of the first volume of these Annals at Rome,
volume preserved at Stowe, there is another, showing the exact size of the page and the cha-
equally authentic and original, in the College of racter of the writing. This trace contains the
St. Isidore, at Rome, with the proper attests- entire of the year 1169, and, on comparing it
tions, as appears from Dr. Lyons' letters from with the Academy and College copies of these
Rome, addressed to the Editor and to Dr. Todd, Annals, it was found that they do not agree in
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xvii
which it is not easy to understand ; but the object in all seems to be, to prove, first, that the original autograph of the Four Masters, belonging to the O'Gara family, was given to Mr. O'Conor ; and secondly, that the volume now at Stowe was that very one so obtained. The first of these positions may be readily granted, the second, however, appears to me to be extremely doubtful, and for the following reasons : Bishop Nicholson, in his Irish Historical Library, pub- lished in 1724, describes that very volume as being then in the Irish manuscript collection of Mr. John Conry (or O'Maolconaire), a descendant of one of the compilers, who had also in his possession the imperfect copy of the second volume, now deposited in the Library of Trinity College. Doctor O'Conor himself acknowledges this fact in the ' Testimonial and indeed it does not admit of a doubt.
" What claim, then, we may ask, could the O'Gara family have to these volumes ? And how could Colonel O'Gara have carried them into Spain ? And how could he, or the Archbishop, bestow the former on any one ?
" Moreover, we find that in seven years after, that is, in 1731, those manu- scripts of Conry's were on sale, and that Charles O'Conor appears to have been the purchaser. In that year he writes thus to his friend, Doctor Fergus, relative to their purchase for him : ' Dear Sir, I beg you will take the trouble of pur- chasing for me Conry's manuscripts, now in the hands of Charles O'Neill,' &c. ; and, further on, he says : ' I again request that you will be active in procuring for me Conry's manuscripts ; my collection is very imperfect, and I wish to save as many as I can of the ancient manuscripts of Ireland from the wreck that has almost overwhelmed everything that once belonged to us.' — Memoir of Charles O'Conor, p. 17$. That he did succeed in possessing himself of these manu- scripts can hardly admit of a doubt, as most of them can be traced as belonging to him subsequently. It was the same Doctor Fergus, to whom this letter was addressed, that, as Mr. O'Conor states, put the first volume of the Annals into better condition for him in 1734 (the very year in which he got the work from Bishop O'Rourke), giving it, as he said, ' vigour enough to outlive another cen-
*
the size of the page or number of lines on the dence that the copy at Rome is not a counter- page, this being about an inch and a half longer part of either of those in Dublin. It was pro- and somewhat broader than the other, and con- bably the first volume of the copy sent out to taining thirty lines. This affords strong evi- Ward, and used by Colgan.
C
XV111
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
tury ' And it was from the hands of the same gentleman, Doctor Fergus, that the imperfect copy of the second volume, together with other works of Conry's collection, which had undoubtedly been the property of Mr. O'Conor, passed into the Library of Trinity College. That Mr. O'Conor should have parted with that mutilated volume will not appear strange, if we account for it by the supposition of his having had our perfect volume in his possession at the
time.
" It is of importance to this sketch also to add, that the first volume, now at Stowe, as well as the second in Trinity College, afford internal evidences of their being, not the original autograph of the work, but transcripts made by one of the writers for his own individual use. These internal evidences are, that the volume in Trinity College Library is written uniformly throughout by tlie same hand"; and we have the testimony of Doctor Fergus prefixed to it, stating that the second volume agrees in every respect, as to paper, writing, &c. &c., with the first volume now at Stowe. In this Doctor O'Conor concurs, who says emphatically, it is all in the one hand— the hand of Michael O'Clery. — Catalogue of the Stowe Manuscripts, Further, it is to be observed, that those volumes were evidently transcribed from the originals before the work was entirely completed, for there are no entries after the year 1605, though the dates are placed at the tops of succeeding pages for some years later, and the blanks left to be filled up whenever any additional information might be procured, have never received such additions as they have in our Manu- script. It should be remarked also, that the certificate and dedication pre- fixed to the Stowe Manuscript are written on paper, not parchment, as in our Manuscript.
" Under all these circumstances, I trust I shall not be deemed rash in con- cluding, that the Manuscript now bought for the Academy is not only the original autograph of the work, but also, that there is scarcely a doubt of its being the very copy which passed from the representative of the O'Gara family into the hands of Mr. Charles O'Conor, and which subsequently became the
' By the same hand.— At the first inspection most part in the hand of Conary O'Clery; but
this would appear to be the case ; but the that the hands of Brother Michael O'Clery and
Editor had occasion to examine this copy mi- Cucogry or Peregrine O'Clery, appear also in in-
nutely and carefully, and found that it is for the numerable places throughout the volume.— Eu.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xix
property of Colonel Burton Conyngham, at the recent sale of whose books I had the good fortune to purchase it.
" I have now no ordinary feeling of pleasure in resigning to its most proper depository, the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, this truly inestimable work, which, in the words of Mr. O'Reilly, ' is far above all our other Annals in point of value ;' and as I have had the good fortune to purchase this work at my own risk, and might, by letting it pass out of the country, have been a great pecuniary gainer, I trust it will not be deemed presumption in me to indulge the hope, that the resignation of it will be received as a memorial of my attachment to the ancient literature of my country, and of my zeal for the interests of the learned body to which I feel it so great an honour to belong.
"March 5, 1831." " GEORGE PETKIE.
Before concluding these preliminary remarks, it will be necessary to give some account of the antiquaries by whom these Annals were compiled, and who are now known as THE FOUR MASTERS, although it is evident they never themselves assumed the name. That title was first given them by Colgan, who explains his reasons for so doing, in the preface to his Acta Sanctorum, to be presently cited ; to which we may add, that Quatuor Magistri had been long previously applied by the medical writers of the middle ages to the four masters of the medical sciences, and that this circumstance probably suggested to Colgan the appellation he has given to the compilers of these Annals.
The FOUR MASTERS, who were the authors of the following work, were Michael, Conary, and Cucogry O'Clery, together with Ferfeasa O'Mulconry, of whom we shall now proceed to give some account, in the order in which they have been named.
For the general pedigree of the O'Clerys of Ui-Fiachrach-Aidhne and Tirconnell, taken from the genealogical manuscripts of Cucogry O'Clery, now preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, the reader is referred to Genealogies, Tribes, and Customs of Hy-
c2
XX
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
Fiachrach, printed for the Irish Archaeological Society in 1844,
pp. 71-91.
The O'Clerys were descended from Guaire Aidhne, surnamed the Hospitable, King of Connaught in the seventh century, and were originally seated in the territory of Hy-Fiachrach- Aidhne, now the diocese of Kilmacduagh, in the county of Galway, to which territory they had supplied several distinguished chieftains ; but they were driven from thence by the De Burgos, shortly after the English inva- sion. Some of them settled in the neighbourhood of Kilkenny, where their descendants were literary men and antiquaries in 1453, for in that year one of them, John Boy O'Clery, transcribed the Psalter of Cashel for Edmond Mac Richard Butler, at Pottlesrath, in the county of Kilkenny ; a manuscript now preserved in the Bodleian Library. Others of them migrated to Breifny-O'Reilly, now the county of Cavan ; and a third party settled under O'Dowda, in Tirawley and Tireragh, where, in 1458, John O'Clery of Lackan was agent to O'Dowda. — See Hy-Fiachrach, p. 125.
Of this Tirawley branch, an individual named Cormac Mac Dermot O'Clery, who was a proficient in the Civil and Canon Laws, removed, a short time previous to the year 1382, to Tirconnell, where he became a great favourite with the monks and ecclesiastics of the monastery of Assaroe, near Ballyshannon, by whom he appears to have been employed as a professor of both laws. During his stay at Assaroe, the youthful professor formed an acquaintance withO'Sgingin, O'Donnell's ollav or chief professor in history, whose ancestors had enjoyed this employment from a remote period. At this time, however, there existed no male representative of the family of O'Sgingin but the old historical ollav, who had an only daughter, whom he consented to give in marriage to the young O'Clery, without requiring of him a tinnscra, or dower (i. e. the portion to be paid to the wife's father by the husband, according to the ancient Irish custom), except the fulfil-
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxi
ment of the condition, that whatever male child should be first born to them should be sent to learn and study history, in order that he might become the heir of O'Sgingin. O'Clery promised to comply with this request, and faithfully kept his promise. He had by O'Sgingin's daughter a son, who, at the request of his maternal grandfather, was named Gilla-Brighde, after his mother's brother, the intended chief historian of Tirconnell, who had died some time before, in the year 1382. This Gilla-Brighde became ollav to O'Donnell in history, and was succeeded by his son, Gillareagh, who was succeeded by his son, Dermot O'Clery, surnamed " of the Three Schools," because he kept a school for teaching general literature, a school of history, and a school of poetry. This Dermot became so distinguished and so popular, that O'Donnell (Niall, the son of Turlough of the Wine\ to enable him to increase his establishment, made him a grant of the lands of Creevagh, in the parish of Kilbarron, in addition to what he had inherited from O'Sgingin. Dermot of the Three Schools was succeeded by his son, Teige Cam O'Clery, who had three sons dis- tinguished for their hospitality, wealth, and erudition, and who built a castle and other stone edifices on the hereditary lands of Kilbarron, some fragments of the ruins of which are still to be seen. — For a view of these remains, see the Irish Penny Journal for January 16th, 1841, p. 225.
They also possessed the lands of Carrownacughtragh, Carrowan- ticlogh, the glebe of Kildoney, free from any tithes to the Bishop of Raphoe, the quarter of Coolremuir, and the quarter of Drumancrinn, in the plain of Moy-Ene, on the south side of the River Erne, near Ballyshannon. — See Inquisition taken at Lifford on the 12th of Sep- tember, 1609; and Genealogies, $c., of Hy-Fiachrach, pp. 79-83.
The descent of the three O'Clerys, who, with Ferfeasa O'Mulconry, were the Quatuor Magistri of Colgan, will appear from the following table :
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
1. Dermot of the Three Schools O'Clery, chief of his sept.
2. Teige Cam, chief, d. 1492.
3. Dermot.
4. Cucogry O'Clery, fl. 1546.
3. Tuathal O'Clery, chief, d. 1512.
4. Teige Cam, chief, d. s. p. m. 1565.
4. William O'Clery.
5. Donough O'Clery.
6. Conary O'Clery, one of the Four Masters.
6. Teige of the Mountain, i. e. Brother Michael, Chief of the Four Masters.
5. Maccon O'Clery, chief, d. 1595.
6. Lughaidh, or Lewy O'Clery of the Con- tention, chief, fl. 1609.
7. Cucogry, one of the Four Masters, d. 1 664.
Teige-an-tsleibhe (i. e. Teige of the Mountain) O'Clery, the chief compiler of the following Annals, was horn about the year 1575, in the parish of Kilbarron, near Ballyshannon, in the county of Donegal, and was the fourth son of Donough O'Clery, who was the grandson of Tuathal O'Clery, head of the Tirconnell branch of the family, who died in 1512. On his admission to the religious order of St. Francis, he dropped his original baptismal name, according to the usual prac- tice on such occasions, and assumed the name of Michael. He did not, however, enter into holy orders, but remained a lay brother of the order, continuing to pursue the hereditary profession of an anti- quary or historian, which he had followed in secular life. And his pursuits received the full sanction and approbation of his superiors, for, soon after joining his order at Louvain, he was sent to Ireland by the Guardian of the Irish convent there, Hugh Ward (who was then himself employed in writing the lives of Irish saints), to collect Irish manuscripts, and other helps towards this grand undertaking. Brother Michael O'Clery, who was eminently qualified for this task, pursued his inquiry for about fifteen years, during which period he visited the most distinguished scholars and antiquaries then living,
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS xxiii
and transcribed from ancient manuscripts many lives of saints, several genealogies, martyrologies, and other monuments ; all which he trans- mitted to Ward, who, however, did not live to avail himself of them to any great extent, for he died soon after the receipt of them, viz. on the 8th of November, 1635 ; but they proved of great use to the Rev. John Colgan, Jubilate Lecturer of Theology at Louvain, who took up the same subject after the death of Ward. During O'Clery's stay in Ireland he compiled the following works :
1 . The Reim-Rioghraidhe, containing a Catalogue of the Kings of Ireland, the Genealogies of the Irish Saints, and the Irish Calendar of Saints' Days. This work, which Colgan describes as three works, was commenced in the house of Connell Mageoghegan, of Lismoyny, in the parish of Ardnurcher, and county of Westmeath, who was him- self a learned antiquary. It was carried on under the patronage of Turlough or Terence Mac Coghlan, Lord of Delvin Mac Coghlan, in the King's County, and was finished in the Franciscan convent, at Athlone, on the 4th of November, 1630. There is a copy of this work in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, and the autograph original is preserved in the Burgundian Library at Brussels.
2. The Leabhar-Gabhala, or Book of Conquests. This was com- piled in the convent of Lisgool, near Enniskillen, in the county of Fermanagh, under the patronage of Brian Roe Maguire, first Baron of Enniskillen. In this work the O'Clerys had the assistance of Gil- lapatrick O'Luinin, of Ard O'Luinin, in the county of Fermanagh, Maguire's chief chronicler. The Testimonia and Approbations to this work were signed by Francis Magrath, Guardian of Lisgool, on the 22nd of December, 1631, and by Flann, the son of Carbry Mac Egan, of Bally-mac-Egan, in Lower Ormond, on the 31st of August, 1631. There is a beautiful copy of this work, in the handwriting of Cucogry or Peregrine O'Clery, now in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy. It had been sold, or given away for some consideration in money, or
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
other value, to the late Edward O'Reilly of Harold's-cross, author of the Irish-English Dictionary, by the late Mr. John O'Clery of Dublin, a descendant of Cucogry, the annalist. This fact appears from a memorandum in Irish, in the handwriting of Edward O'Reilly, now in the possession of the Editor, and to be presently adduced. It is probable that there exists another autograph copy of this work, which was transmitted to Louvain for the use of Ward and Colgan.
3. The Annals of Ireland, called by Colgan Annales Quatuor Magis- trorum and Annales Dungallenses, the work now for the first time printed complete.
Besides the works above mentioned, Michael O'Clery wrote and printed at Louvain, in 1643, a Dictionary or Glossary of difficult and obsolete Irish words, under the title ofSanas-an Nuadh, which Lhwyd transcribed into his Irish Dictionary. Harris says that he died in 1643.
The foregoing facts have been principally derived from Peregrine O'Clery 's Genealogy of the O'Clerys, from the Dedications and Tes- timonia to these works, and also from Colgan's Preface to his Acta Sanctorum Hibernice, published in 1645, in which he gives the fol- lowing interesting account of Michael O'Clery and his labours. After speaking of the labours of Fleming and Ward in collecting and eluci- dating the lives of the Irish saints, he writes as follows of O'Clery :
" Hos, quorum pia studia imitatus est, ad meritorum etiam subsequutus est prasmia tertius noster confrater F. Michael Clery ante paucos menses mortuus, vir in patriis antiquitatibus apprime versatus, cuius piis per annos multos la- boribus, & hoc, & reliqua quae molimur, opera plurimum debent. Hie enim cum esset in sseculo, professione Antiquarius, & in ea facultate inter primes sui temporis habitus, postquam Seraphicum nostrum institutum in hoc Loua- niensi Conuentu est amplexus, adhibitus est P. Vardseo coadiutor, & in hunc finem postea cum Superiorum licentia & obedientia in Patriam remissus est ad Sanctorum vitas, aliasque sacras Patriss antiquitates, (qua: vt plurimum patrio
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxv
idiomate, eoque peruetusto, sunt scriptae) vndique eruendas & conquirendas. In demandata autem prouincia indefesso studio laborauit annis circiter quin- decim : & interea ex diuersis peruetustis patrij idiomatis Codicibus descripsit multas Sanctorum vitas, genealogias, tria vel quatuor diuersa & vetusta Martyro- logia & plura alia magnaa antiquitatis monumenta, quas denuo rescripta, hue ad P. Vardasum transmisit. Demum ex Superiorum mandate ad hoc deputatus, adiecit animum ad alias Patrias cum sacras, turn prophanas Historias & anti- quitates expurgandas, & meliori methodo & ordine digerendas : ex quibus cum adiutorio trium aliorum peritorum antiquariorum, (quos pro ternporis & loci opportunitate ad id munus visos aptiores, in Collegas adhibuit) compilauit, vel verius, cum ante fuerint k priscis Authoribus compositi, collatione plurium veterum Codicum repurgauit, digessit, & auxit tres recondite antiquitatis trac- tatus. Primus est de Regibus Hibernia3, singulorum genus mortis, annos regni, ordinem successionis, genealogiam, & annum mundi vel Christi, quo singuli decesserint, succincte referens : qui tractatus ob breuitatem potius eorundem Regum Cathalogus, qukm Historia nuncupandus videtur. Secundus de genea- logia Sanctorum Hibernian, quam in triginta septem classes sen capita distribuit, singulos Sanctos longa atauorum serie ad familiae, ex qua descendit, primum Authorem & protoparentem referens : quod idcirco Sanctilogium genealogicum, & quibusdam Sanctogenesim placuit appellare. Tertius agit de prunis Hibernian inhabitatoribus, de successiuis ejus k diluuio per diversas gentes conqua3Stibus, siue expugnationibus, de Regibus interea reguantibus, de bellis & praalijs inter hos obortis, alijsque publicis Insulas casibus & euentibus ab anno post diluuium 278, vsque ad annum Christi 1171.
" Cum eodem etiam Collegio, cui subinde ad tempus vnum, & aliquando duos alios adiecit ex vetustioribus & probatioribus Patrise Chronicis & Annalibus, & prsecipue ex Cluanensibus, Insulensibus, & Senatensibus ; collegit sacros & prophanos Hiberniaa Annales, opus plane nobile, & Patrias vtile & Honorificum, suamque molem alioquin satis iustam, antiquissimarum rerum fcecunda varietate, & succincta relatione longe superans. Proponit enim ante oculos non solum rei ciuilis statum, variasque vicissitudines per annos ter mille & amplius, quibus stetit illud antiquissimum regnum, referendo Regum, Principum & heroum gesta, dissidia, conflictus, praslia, obitus & annum, in quern singula inciderant ;
d
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
XXVI
brem dum nullus prope interea intercurrat annus, m quern non referat, vel ^'vnius, nunc mdtorum Sanctorum, vel Episcoporum, Abbatum, ahorumque virorum, pietate & doctrina illustrium obitum, Ecclesiarumque nunc exstruc- tiones, nunc incendia, expilationes & deuastationes, plerumque per Paganum, & postea per h^reticum militem factas. College viri pij, vti m tnbus ante memoratis, ita & in hoc quarto opere, reliquis longe prastantion, pnaapui erant tres iam laudati, nempe Ferfessius o Moelchonaire, Peregrmus o Clery, & Peregrinus o Dubgennan; viri in patria antiquitate consummate eruditioms, & probate fidei. Accessit & his subinde cooperatio aliorum peritorum Anti- quariorum, D. Mauritij o Moelchonaire, qui vno mense ; & D. Conarij Clery, qui pluribus in eo promouendo laborauit. Sed cum Annales hi, quos nos in hoc Tomo, & alijs sequentibus ssepius citamus, fuerint tot Authorum opera & studio dispari, collecti & compilati; nee studium breuitatis permitteret singulos expressis nominibus semper citare, nee gequitatis ratio multorum opus vni attri- buere ; hinc aliquando visum est eos a loco Annales Dungallenses appellare ; nam iii Conventu nostro Dungallensi inchoati & consummati sunt. Sed postea ob alias rationes, potius ab ipsis compilatoribus, qui in facultate antiquaria erant quatuor peritissimi Magistri, duximus Annales Quatuor Magistrorum appel- landos. Tametsi enim iuxta iam dicta, plures quam quatuor ad eos expediendos concurrerint ; quia tamen ipse concursus erat sat dispar, & solum duo ex eis breui tempore, in exigua & posteriori operis parte laborarunt, alij vero quatuor in toto, saltern vsque ad annum 1267 (quo prior & potissima, nobisque solum necessaria, eius pars clauditur;) hinc sub eorum nomine ill ud citamus ; cum fere nunquam vel rarissime quidquam quod post ilium annum contigerit, veniat a nobis memorandum."
Of the history of Conaire O'Clery, the second annalist, the Editor has learned nothing, except that he appears to have acted as scribe, and to have transcribed the greater portion of these Annals, probably at the dictation of his brother, or under his directions, from other manuscripts. He was not a member of any religious order, and ap-
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxvii
pears to have had no property except his learning. His descendants, if he left any, are unknown. .
Cucogry or Peregrine O'Clery, the other annalist, was the head of the Tirconnell sept of the O'Clerys. He wrote in Irish a life of the celebrated Hugh Iloe O'Donnell, who died in Spain in 1602, which was transcribed, in many instances verbatim, into the Annals of the Four Masters. It appears from an Inquisition taken at Lifford on the 25th of May, 1632, that this Cucogry held the half quarter of the lands of Coobeg and Doughill, in the proportion of Monargane, in the barony of Boylagh and Banagh, in the county of Donegal, from Hollandtide, 1631, until May, 1632, for which he paid eight pounds sterling per annum to William Farrell, Esq., assignee to the Earl of Annandale; but, as the Inquisition states, "being a meere Irishman, and not of English or British descent or sirname," he was dispos- sessed, and the lands became forfeited to the King. Shortly after this period he removed, with many other families of Tirconnell, to Ballycroy, in the south of the barony of Erris, in the county of Mayo, under the guidance of Rory or Roger O'Donnell, the son of Colonel Manus O'Donnell, who was slain at Benburb in 1646, and who was a son of the celebrated Niall Garv O'Donnell, who died in the Tower of London in the year 1626. He carried with him his books, which were his chief treasure, and which he bequeathed to his two sons, Dermot and John, as we learn from his autograph will, which was written in Irish, at Curr-na-heillte, near Burrishoole, in the county of Mayo, and which is still extant, in rather bad preservation, in his genealogical manuscript, now in the Library of the Royal Irish Aca- demy. In this will, which was made shortly before his death, in 1664, he says :
" I bequeath the property most dear to me that ever I possessed in this world, namely, my books, to my two sons, Dermot and John. Let them copy from them, without injuring them, whatever may be necessary for their purpose,
d2
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
xxvm
«d let the. be equally seen and used by the 4***£ as by themselves ; and let them instruct them according to the request the children of Carbry to teach and instruct their children.
His son Dermot had a son, Carbry, who removed, with his wife and children, to the parish of Drung, in the county of Cavan. Carbry had a son, Cosnamhach or Cosney O'Clery, who was born m 1693 and died in 1759, leaving an only son, Patrick O'Clery, who married Anne, daughter of Bernard O'Gowan or Smith, of Lara, in the county of Cavan, and had by her six sons, the second of whom, John O'Clery, removed to Dublin in 1817, carrying with them the Leabhar-Gabhala, or Book of Invasions, the Book of Genealogies, the Life of Hugh Roe O'Donnell, and the topographical poems of O'Dugan and O'Heerin, all in the handwriting of his ancestor, Cucogry or Peregrine, the
annalist.
Of the fourth Master, Ferfeasa O'Mulconry, nothing is known, but that he was a native of the county of Roscommon, and a hereditary
antiquary.
It remains now to say something of the monastery of Donegal, near which these Annals were compiled, and from which they have been called Annales Dungallenses. It is situated on the bay of Done- gal, in the barony of Tirhugh, and county of Donegal.
It was founded for Franciscan Friars of the Strict Observance, in the year 1474, by Hugh Roe, son of Niall Garbh O'Donnell, chief of Tirconnell, and his wife, Finola, daughter of Conor na Srona O'Brien, King of Thomond. — See annals of that year.
The remains of this monastery are still to be seen, in tolerable preservation, at a short distance from the town of Donegal. The cloister consists of small arches, supported by couplets of pillars on a basement. In one part are two narrow passages, one over the other, about four feet wide, ten long, and seven high, which seem to have been places for depositing valuable effects in times of danger. The
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxix
upper one is covered with stones laid along on the beams of stone that cross it, and the lower one with stones laid across on the walls. Ware says that this convent was famous for a well-stored library, but it is impossible to ascertain what became of it.
On the 2nd of August, 1601, the building was occupied by a gar- rison of 500 English soldiers ; and the friars fled into the fastnesses of the country, carrying with them their chalices, vestments, and other sacred furniture, though probably not their entire library. Shortly afterwards, O'Donnell laid siege to this garrison, and on the 19th of September following the building took fire, and was completely de- stroyed, with the exception of one corner, into which the soldiers retreated. It is more than probable that the library was destroyed on this occasion. — See A. D. 1601, and note x, under that year, p. b, 2252.
After the restoration of Rory O'Donnell to his possessions, the brotherhood were permitted to live in huts or cottages near the mo- nastery, from whence they were not disturbed till the period of the Revolution. It was in one of these cottages, and not, as is generally supposed, in the great monastery now in .ruins, that this work was compiled by the Four Masters.
The following curious account of the flight of the friars from this monastery is taken from a manuscript history of the Franciscans, in the College of St. Anthony, at Louvain, compiled by Fr. Antonius Purcell, under the direction of the Very Rev. Father Donough Mooney (Donatus Monajus), Provincial of the Order of St. Francis, Nov. 2, A. D. 1617. The manuscript is now No. 3195, Manuscrit. Biblio- theque de Bourgogne, Bruxelles.
" Anno 1600 eramus ibi, scilicet [in] conventu Dunangallensi 40 f'ratres de familia, et officia divina nocturna et diurna fiebant cum cantu et solernnitatibus magnis. Habebam ipse curam sacristiaj in qua habui 40 indumenta sacerdota- lia cum suis omnibus pertinentiis, et multa erant ex tela «,urea et argentea,
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
alinuot mtertexta et elaborata auro ; reliqua omnia serica. Erant etiam 16 E ±ntei et magni, ex quibus duo turn erant qui non erant deaurat, ± ct duo ibona pro £ sacramento. Suppellex satis honesta : eccles.a ne To qufden, caruit* Sed ingravescente bello, et hereticis aliqualiter praeva- lentibus, tandem potuerunt id efficere, ut pnncipe O'Donnelo in alns negoti occupato ipri ad oPpldum Dunnangall pervenermt cum exercitu, et anno 16 in festo S Laurentii martyris in monasterio presidium mill urn collocarunt. Fratres quidam praemoniti fugerunt ad loca silvestria, inde aliquot rmharibus distantia, et suppellextilem monasterii navi impositam ad alium tutiorem locum transtulerunt : ego ipse eram ex ultimis qui e conventu egressus sum, et m navi ilia fugam coepi. Sed hie erant rerum exitus ; conventus in quo erat ill praesidium militum, postea statim a principef obsidione cingitur, et Angli ibi existentes nimium arctantur. Accidit autem illis casus admirabilis ; una eademque hora, ignis, ut putatur divinitus aedificia conventus corripit, et multos militum consumit, totumque conventum et ecclesiam incendit, et navis quae in portum ingrediebatur victualia illis suppeditans ad scopulum collisa est; casu? Qui superviscerunt adhuc ex Anglis intra fossas quas fecerunt se continuerunt, et ad deditionem venire disposuerunt, deque articulis tractabant et conditionibus deditionis. Jam nuntiatur principi, Hispanos auxiliares duce D. Joanne de Aquila Kinsaliam in Momonia advenisse, et occupato oppido ab haereticis ibi obsidione cingi, turn non cunctandum ratus, re apud Dunnangall infect^, in Mommoniam proficiscitur, in itinere principi Onello et aliis occursurus, ut simul omnes Hispanis opem ferret. Sed neque Kinsaliae res bene successerunt, atque ita Hispani ad deditionem coacti sunt ; rebusque Catholicorum ita pro- fligatis, princeps O'Donnell in Hispaniam se contulit, annoque sequent! 1602 omnia loca sui dominii in haereticorum potestatem devenerunt, et inter caetera quae ibi perierunt suppellex ilia ecclesiastica. conventus de Dunnangall fuit prEedseOliveroLamberto gubernatoriConacias ex parte haereticorum; qui calices in cyphos profanes convertit, et vestes sacras in diversos profanes usus conver- tendos scindi et delacerari curavit, et sic turn ipse conventus, turn omnis sup- pellex ejus periit. Fratres autem usque in hodiernum diem vivunt turn per modum congregationis in locis magis tutis infra terminos et limites destructos
f Red Hugh.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxxi
conventus, nee defuit illis semper suus guardianus et numerus ad minus 12 fratrum. Aliqui etiam ex ipsis in alios conventus translati sunt. Pace postea facta, et principe O'Donnell mortuo Hispani&, frater ejus Rodericus obtinuit dominium majoris partis principatus, et a rege Angliae titulo comitis fuit donatus, cum is titulus multo minor suo praecedente titulo fuerit. Is ccepit con ven turn reaedificare, sed intelligens vitae suae Anglos insidiari, spem in sola fuga collocans simul cum principe O'Nello in Flandriam se contulit, inde Romam, ubi mortui ambo sun-t, ut satius infra dicetur ; fratresque sine protec- tore et opus imperfectum reliquit. Nunc autem Angli heretici omnia possident et permittunt antiques fratres in locis subobscuris, quia brevi omnes morituros sciunt, residuum vitae traducere, aliquos aut recentiores illis addi facile non permitterent, et hie est presens status conventus illius."
Having now given all that is known of the history of the Four Masters and of their labours, it will be necessary to explain the manner in which this work has been translated and illustrated. It has been for some years generally acknowledged that Dr. O'Conor has fallen into many serious mistakes, not only in the translation, but also in deciphering the contractions of the autograph manuscript of the Four Masters ; and the Editor has taken more than ordinary pains to com- pare his printed text not only with the manuscripts above referred to, but also with the text of the older annals, and with all other ac- cessible manuscripts treating of ancient Irish history.
The portion of the Annals of the Four Masters edited by Dr. O'Conor extends from the earliest accounts to the end of A. D. 1171 ; and the Editor of the present work originally intended to publish the second part only, namely, from 1171 to 1616, which was printed in three volumes quarto in 1848 ; but the great scarcity of Dr. O 'Conor's edition, its inconvenient form to the English reader, and its many inaccuracies, subsequently induced the Editor to complete the work. It would be envious to speak of the errors of one to whom Irish literature is so much indebted as it is to Dr. O'Conor, who was,
xxxii INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
moreover, the first to attempt the preservation of our ancient anna- lists ; but it is necessary to say that the text in his edition is in many places corrupt, arising generally from his having mistaken the mean- ing of the contractions which he found in the original, and some- times also from his having indulged in conjectural emendations. These latter are commonly unfounded, and as they are often of a nature to give birth to historical mistakes they have been fully pointed out in the notes; for example : at the year A. M. 2530, he splits the word maraip, mother, into math-oir, which he translates " Duces orien- tates" to induce the reader to believe that a certain Cical Grigencho- sach came to Ireland this year with eastern leaders or chieftains, whereas the undoubted meaning of the passage is, that Cical came into Ireland this year with his mother. — See p. 5, note m. At the year A. D. 743, he turns Reguil, the name of an Irish saint, into the words pe, by, and juil, foreigners, by which he attempts to prove that the Galls, Danes, or Norwegians, had come into Ireland many years earlier than mo- dern Irish historians had stated ; but this discovery happens to be a mere blunder of his own, as the passage has no reference whatever to Danes or Norwegians, being a simple notice of a simple fact, that Arasgach, Abbot of Muicinis-Reguil, an island in Lough Derg, in the Shannon, was drowned.— See p. a, 345, note °. At the year 898, he turns the word rajan, i. e. qiua^an, which means a meagre or mise- rable person, into Turaghan, which he translates turris ; whereas the passage is a simple obit of Cosgrach, Anchorite of Inis-Cealtra, who was usually called the Truaghan, i. e. the' Meagre or Miserable.
Besides the manuscripts of these Annals accessible to the Editor in Dublin, which have already been described, he availed himself, with the greatest diligence of which he was capable, of the assistance of several other authorities. These he must now briefly speak of.
1. Keating s History of Ireland.— This work, though much abused by modern writers, on account of some fables which the author has
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxxiii
inserted, is, nevertheless, of great authority, and has been drawn from the most genuine sources of Irish history, some of which have been since lost. The Editor has several manuscript copies of this work, and a translation into Latin, also in manuscript, and never published, by Dr. John Lynch, the author of Cambrensis Eversus; but the most valuable copy of it which the Editor ever saw, and of which he has read every word, is now preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin (H. 5. 26). It was purchased in London for the College, a few years ago, by Dr. Todd. It is in the handwriting of John, son of Torna O'Mulconry, of the Ardchoill family, in the county of Clare, a most profound Irish scholar, and a contemporary of Keating.
2. The Leabhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys. — A beautiful copy of this work, in the handwriting of Peregrine O'Clery, one of the Four Masters, is preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Aca- demy. It consists of a series of authentic poems and other original documents, from the earliest accounts to the period of the English invasion, and is in fact a collection of the authorities and sources of the Bardic history of Ireland. Much use has been made of it, and many passages transcribed verbatim into their Annals by the Four Masters.
3. An English Version of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, by Connell Mageoghegan, Esq., of Lismoyny, in the county of Westmeath ; finished on the last day of June, 1627. — This work, which begins with the earliest period, is carried down to the year 1408. The original An- nals in Irish are not known to be in existence, but the translation accords, in the latter years, with the text of the Annals of Connaught. In many entries it also agrees with the Annals of the Four Masters; but in the eighth, ninth, and tenth centuries the chronology is often antedated by four, five, and sometimes even seven years. This work is of great value, as it contains exact versions in English of all the peculiar idioms and phrases which occur in the various Irish Annals.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
The Editor has carefully compared it with the Annals of the Four Masters, and found that it contains some curious entries which they omitted, while they, on the other hand, record many historical events of which this chronicle takes no notice.— See note b, p. Ixiv.
4. The Annals of Ulster.— Of these the Editor has compared two copies with the text published by Dr. O'Conor, namely, the Bodleian copy and Dublin copy. He has also compared a copy of an old translation of the Annals of Ulster, which was evidently made from the Bodleian manuscript, and which is now contained in two volumes in the British Museum, the first part extending from the year 431 to 1307, in the Clarendon Collection, torn. 49, Ayscough, 4795 ; and the other, extending from 1307 to 1504, preserved in Clarend., torn. 20, Ays. 4784. The version is correct, but so literal that it seems rude and inelegant. Neither of the manuscripts is in the autograph of the translator, nor does either contain any entry which might afford a clue to discover who he was ; but the Editor is of opinion that the work was executed for Ussher or Ware, not, how- ever, by Duald Mac Firbis, as some have thought, but by Tuileagna O'Maelchonaire, or Tully Conry, who is mentioned by. the author of Cambrensis Eversus as a distinguished Irish scholar and antiquary. His handwriting and style of English appear in several manuscripts in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, as in Laud, 610, and also in the British Museum, Vesp. E. 11, Cotton, 115. — See the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, vol. ii. p. 336. Upon a comparison of all these documents with the style and manner of this old English ver- sion of the Annals of Ulster, the Editor grounds his opinion. But, whoever was the author, the translation is exceedingly valuable ; for it has preserved to posterity the equivalent English of a great portion of the Irish language, as it was understood by one of the hereditary professional seannachies or chroniclers of Ireland, about two centuries ago. The copy of it used by the Editor was made for Dr. Todd, in 1 844.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxxv
5. The occasional Translations from the Annals of the Four Masters into Latin, which occur in the Act a Sanctorum of Colgan. — In the works of this learned, laborious, and honest writer, the Editor has found numerous passages faithfully translated from the Annals of the Four Masters. His more lengthened and continuous translations from those Annals, which the Editor arranged, for his own use, into alpha- betical order, at the suggestion of the late Dr. Murphy, R. C. Bishop of Cork, are contained in his Annals, as follows, published in the Trias Thaum.: Armagh, pp. 292 to 311; lona, pp. 498 to 501; Deny, pp. 503 to 507; Durrow, pp. 507, 508 ; Kells, p. 508 ; Raphoe, p. 509 ; Swords, p. 509 ; Rechrainn, p. 509 ; Fahan, p. 510 ; Druincliffe, p. 510 ; Kil- dare, pp. 628, 629, 630.
6. A translation into very good Latin of Part of the Annals of the Four Masters, extending from the year 1547 to 1558. — The original manuscript of this translation is preserved in the Library of the British Museum, Cod. Clarend., torn. 20, Ayscough, 4784 ; and a copy, in the handwriting of Daniel Molyneux, Ulster King at Arms, in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, F. 1. 18, p. 287, et seq. This translation was made for Sir James Ware by some good Irish and Latin scholar, not improbably Dr. Lynch, the author of Cambrensis Eversus. The Editor has printed the entire of this valuable piece in the present edition, and has thus laid before the reader the original Irish of the Four Masters, a Latin translation about two centuries old, beside his own literal English translation of that portion of the Annals relating to the reign of Queen Mary.
7. A Portion of the Annals of Lccan, extending from the year 1443 to 1468, translated into English in the year 1666, for the use of Sir James Ware, by Duald Mac Firbis. — The original manuscript of this translation, in the hand of the translator, is preserved in the Library of the British Museum, Cod. Clarend., torn. 68, Ayscough, 4799 ; and it has been recently printed from that manuscript, in the Miscellany
e2
xxxvi INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
of the Irish Archaeological Society. The Editor has not discovered any Irish original exactly corresponding with this translation ; but it contains many passages given also by the Four Masters, so that the authority of Duald Mac Firbis has been, through it, obtained for the meanings of a vast number of Irish words and phrases not used in the
modern idiom.
Many other translations, made from Irish annals, by the two O'Conors, O'Flanagan, O'Reilly, and various other modern Irish scholars, have been also procured, but the Editor has found that they are not at all to be relied upon, with the exception of whatever was executed by Charles O'Conor of Belanagare, who understood the Irish language well, though he always improved on his original, and raised it to the level of his own " magniloquent style" of English.
This patriotic and venerable gentleman was most anxious that these Annals should be preserved uncorrupted for posterity ; but it appears from various letters of his to the Chevalier O'Gorman and others, that he had no reliance on the knowledge or accuracy of any of the Irish scholars then living. As it was from a perusal of some of these letters that the Editor was first stimulated to make himself acquainted with all the old translations of Irish annals accessible in Ireland and England, he thinks it may not be uninteresting to the reader to give some extracts, in which Charles O'Conor expresses his fears that the then general ignorance of the ancient language of Ire- land would lead to the corruption of these Annals ; and it may be further remarked, that the justice of his fears has been since clearly demonstrated, as well by the labours of his own grandson, the editor of the Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, as by those of others, who have attempted to translate portions of these Annals without possessing the necessary qualifications for the task.
In his letter to the Chevalier O'Gorman, dated July 13th, 1781, when he was in his seventy-first year, O'Conor says :
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxxvii
• " I knew well that the late Dr. 0' Sullivan* was unable to translate many
parts (and those the best) of our ancient Annals. None but men learned in our old classic phraseology can undertake such a work."
In another letter, dated May 31, 1783, he writes to the same individual as follows :
" I approve greatly of your intention to get our Annals of the Four Masters, &c., translated. But if not undertaken by a man who has a critical knowledge of the phraseology, with the changes made therein from the sixth to the tenth century, the sense will be frequently mistaken, and a bad translation, in such a case, will be worse than none at all. Even a publication of the Irish text would require the collation of the different manuscripts for restoring the origi- nal reading, and correcting the blunders of ignorant transcribers. I am glad to have an assurance from you that the Rev. Mr. Mac Carthy, of Paris, is equal to such a task ; but I am sorry to aver my opinion (from experience), that few in this country will patronize him, and without a large subscription no work of this magnitude can be undertaken."
Again, July 23, 1783 :
" I request that you will make your scribe to confine himself to an accurate fac-simile, the contractions being singularly uncommon, and explainable only by readers long and well acquainted with our writings. This caution is the more necessary, as any deviation from the original, by an unskilful scribe, would render the text unintelligible."
Again, September 14, 1783 :
" But the worst of it is, I doubt that you have a man in France or Ireland who could decipher- the contractions. In my province of Connaught I know of none*(I am sure there is none), myself excepted, who can read these Annals,
* Dr. Francis Stcmghton Sullivan was a Fel- manuscripts which now distinguishes the Uni-
low of Trinity College, and afterwards Professor versity Library. He died March 1, 1766. Ac-
of English and Feudal Law in the University of cording to his pedigree, given in manuscript in
Dublin. He was mainly instrumental in laying the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, he was
the foundation of the valuable collection of Irish of a junior branch of theO'Sullivan More family.
xxxvlli INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
or explain many of the terms, though they could read them. In the margins of these Annals you will find several notes of mine, and I would caution you against their being transcribed, lest they should be mistaken for any part of the original."
Again, November 14, 1783 :
" At last I found a messenger that could be trusted with conveying the Connaught Annals safe into your hands. In this province I know of none but myself who can read or explain them, and the difficulty being likely to increase every day, it will be the more necessary for your copyist to transcribe them exactly as he finds them. Let his transcript be what we call a fac-simile, for otherwise corruptions will creep into the text, and consequently your copy, far from being of use, will only have the effect of multiplying mistakes. In truth, as our original will be soon lost, I dread that our copies, falling into un- skilful hands, will have this effect. Our originals, therefore (as our great countryman, Mr. Burke, recommends), should be printed under the eye of a learned Editor, with a literal translation in English or Latin. If this be omitted (as I foresee it will), the treasures still preserved in our language will be as certainly lost as those that have long since perished."
The reader Avill have now seen the difficulties with which an Editor had to contend at his first entering upon this task, and how necessary it was that he should procure all the old translations within his reach.
A few words must here be added to explain the plan adopted for printing the original text and the translation of these Annals, and on the nature and style of the original. The second part of these Annals was the first printed and published, and as the Editor had the use of two autograph copies, and did not wish to take upon himself the responsibility of deciding upon the mode of printing this very heavy work, he requested the Publishers to submit the question to those scholars and antiquaries on whose judgment they had most reliance ; and, accordingly, it was submitted, on the 7th of February, 1845, to
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xxxix
the following persons : the Rev. Dr. Todd, F. T. C. D., Vice-Pres. R.I. A. ; George Petrie, Esq., LL. D., Vice-Pres. R.I. A.; Aquilla Smith, Esq., M. D., M. R. I. A.; and Joseph Huband Smith, Esq., Barrister at Law, M.R.I.A..
The Editor first stated his own opinion as to the mode of printing the original and translation, but finally submitted to the following rules, which were committed to writing by the Rev. Dr. Todd :
" I. The manuscript of the Royal Irish Academy to be followed ; variations of the College copy to be inserted in brackets, if of sufficient importance to be put in the text ; if of minor importance, to be mentioned in the notes.
" II. The stops to be exactly as in the Academy copy, except that, at the end of a paragraph or entry, a full point is always to be used.
" III. Capital letters are not to be used in the Irish text, except where they occur in the original.
" IV. The separate entries to be in distinct paragraphs, even though they be not so in the original.
" V. The original Irish names of persons and places to be given in the translation, as far as possible, in their received anglicised spellings, noticing irregularities, or modern corrupt variations, in the notes ; but such names as are obsolete, unknown, or doubtful, to be given in the original Irish spelling.
" VI. Italics to be used in the translation only where words, not in the original, are supplied.
"VII. Brackets [ ] to be used when insertions are made, not in the original, but which are necessary for explaining ambiguities, or filling up chasms in the sense. Italics to be used when insertions are made which are necessary from the different idioms of the two languages."
In printing the first part, from A. M. 2242 to A. D. 1171, as no autograph copy was accessible to the Editor, he has used capital let- ters in proper names, and arranged the paragraphs as in Dr.O'Conor's edition. The proper names are always given in the original Irish spelling in the text of the translation. — See p. xxxi., suprd.
x] INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
With respect to the style of these Annals, it will be seen that it varies with the authorities from which the different entries have been extracted. In the first part the language is extremely simple, and few instances of inflation are observable ; but in the second part the style varies a good deal : in the same page will be observed the extreme veracious simplicity of the Annals of Ulster, and the turgidly redundant style of the romantic tales of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. In the more lengthened descriptions of battles, this in- flated style is particularly observable ; and the Editor has most care- fully preserved, in the translation, the order and literal meanings of all the epithets, often almost synonymous, with which many sentences are overloaded. It will be also observed that even in the more simple and unimpassioned narratives there is usually a double expression, such as "plundered and preyed," "battered and broke," "banished and expelled," " killed and destroyed." This pleonasm of style, which is not unlike that of the language of the English law, has been as much as possible imitated by the Editor in the translation, so that the reader may see the exact force of each Irish word by comparing the original with the translation.
It should also be observed, that some entries have been hurriedly and carelessly transcribed, from their respective originals, by the Four Masters, and that several of their after-insertions between the lines are so arranged as to render the construction inelegant. The Editor has compared such entries with the more ancient Annals in every possible instance, and pointed out in the notes what has been omitted or irregularly transcribed by the Four Masters ; but, throughout the second part, he has printed their own text exactly as it is found in their autograph manuscript, in the Library of the Royal Irish Aca- demy, dispensing, in every instance, with their contractions, except their -), i. e. a5ur, and; their f, which is sometimes e simple and sometimes ea ; and their p, which is for Deic, ten. All the gramma-
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xli
tical terminations, which they have generally written, in contractions, have been printed in full, according to the rules laid down by the Editor in his Irish Grammar.
The general Index to the whole will facilitate the references, not only to the names of men and places, but also to remarkable subjects, such as battles, burnings, demolitions, &c., and thus supply a great defect in Dr. 0 'Conor's edition of the first part of the Irish Annals, which is unaccompanied by any index of this kind. The following letter, written by Dr. O'Conor, a short time before his death, to Mr. Hardiman, wiU show that he regretted not having been able to make indexes to his edition of the Irish Annals :
" Stove, 10th March, 1825.
" DEAR SIR, — I feel that I ought to make an humble apology for my silence ever since I had the honor of receiving from you your valuable History of Galway, for his Grace of Buckingham and Chandos's Collection, and your Catalogue of the Maps, &c., in Trinity College Library, for my own. I value your History highly, as every one must who is disgusted by the silly assertions, the loose references, the false chronology, the inflated style of most of our modern writers. For the same reason I value your Catalogue, and only lament that you had not more abundant materials. In return for your kind present to me, I shall send you a copy of my Tighernach, as soon as it comes out in the month of May. The original is printed in one column, and the version, almost literal, opposite in another, in imitation of the Saxon Chronicle. The original is taken from the Duke of Chandos's MS., now in the Bodleian. It is the oldest known. If -you will call in the Bodleian for the MS. Kawlinson, No. 488, you will find that my labour must have been excessive, even had I confined it to deciphering the text. It is far from my intention to sound my own praise ; my object is merely to shew you that I feel a just sense of the urbanity which induced you to send me your works. My Tighernach wants only an Index. But that Index will require more time than would be neces- sary, if I enjoyed a better state of health. In the same volume, intituled Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, vol. 2, you will find the Annals of Tunis/alien and of
f
xlii INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
noyle, from the original MSS. in the Bodleian and Cotton Libraries. These are finished in like manner, with the exception of Indexes. The Annals of the Four Masters, as far as the first volume extends, that is, to the pretended Anglo-Norman conquest of Ireland, are finished (with the same exception) from the original in this Library. The second volume, in the Dublin Library, is so mutilated, that I leave that fragment to the care of posterity, contented with ending where Giraldus, Hollingshead, Leland, and most of our modern histo- rians, begin. The Annals of Ulster are also printed down to the same time, from the Bodleian MS., so that we have all that is known of ancient Irish history down almost to the death of Henry the Second.
" I write, in this damp weather, with such a tremulous hand, that I was com- pelled to dictate the above to an amanuensis. But I cannot commit to another the pleasure of transmitting to you his Grace the Duke of Buckingham's and Chandos's thanks for your Galway.
" I have the honour to be, dear Sir,
" With sincere esteem and regard,
" Your much obliged and humble Servant, " CHARLES O'CoNOR."
With respect to the chronology of these Annals, from A. M. 2242 down to the period of Cimbaeth, no competent scholar can doubt that it is arbitrary and uncertain. But we are not to suppose that the Four Masters are altogether responsible for it. This early portion of the Annals, it must be borne in mind, was compiled by them from the Annals of Clonmacnoise, and from different other authorities, such as the Synchronisms of Flann, the Poems of Maelmura on the Origin of the Gaeidhil, the Poems of Gillacaemhain, Eochaidh O'Floinn, and various other sources ; and, as compilers, their duty was to place such accounts as were accessible of direct computation in as natural and reasonable an order as possible. Unfortunately, however, among all the events narrated, no eclipse of the sun or moon, or appearance of a comet, or any other astronomical phenomenon, is recorded, by which their authenticity could be tested or a certain
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xliii
date fixed. O'Flaherty expresses his surprise, indeed, at the minute chronological accuracy with which the earliest historical facts (as he considers them) are noticed by Irish historians ; such as the arrival in Ireland of Ceasair, the granddaughter of Noah, with a band of antediluvians, forty days before the flood, on the fifteenth day of the moon, being the Sabbath ; and the landing of Partholan at Inbher- Sgeine, in Kerry, in the month of May, the fourteenth day of the moon, on a Wednesday. From the minuteness of these dates the author of Ogyyia, instead of having his suspicions aroused, does not hesitate to conclude that the Pagan Irish had, from the earliest period, a most accurate system of chronology. But it never seems to have occurred to him to ask the simple question, how were the age of the moon and the day of the week at the landing of Ceasair and Partholan handed down to the Irish writers, seeing that, accord- ing to those writers themselves, Ceasair and her followers perished in the flood, and that Partholan and his colony were all carried off by the plague ? The bardic historians reply by getting still deeper into fiction, and relating that Fintan, the son of Bochra, who accom- panied Ceasair into Ireland, after having passed through various transmigrations, at length assumed the human form in the time of St. Patrick, and lived down to the time of St. Finian of Magh-bile, to whom he narrated all the events that had taken place in Ireland up to that period. O'Flaherty rejects this as a clumsy fable, but finds himself constrained, in order to support his chronological theory, to insist that the Pagan Irish had the use of letters, and an accurate system of chronology, from the earliest period of the colo- nization of Ireland.
This way of proving the authenticity of Irish chronology only damages true history ; but at the same time there is a mode of ex- plaining the entries in question, so as to obviate the necessity of rejecting them altogether : we have only to assume that they are
f2
xliv INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
facts preserved by oral tradition, and that the Irish writer who first attempted to fix the age of the moon and the day of the week, on which Ceasair landed in Ireland, made' such calculations as he was able to make (whether correct or not is of no consequence), comput- ing forty days before to the usually assumed date of Noah's flood, and seeking to account for his accurate knowledge of the date so assumed by means of a bold fiction. In this latter object, strange to say, he partially succeeded ; for, silly as it may now seem to us, it is a fact that the fable connected with these dates passed current amongst the Irish literati down to the seventeenth century ; for, though Eochy O'Flannagan of Armagh, in the eleventh century, gave no credit to the story of Fintan having survived the general deluge, his scepticism surely did not arise from its improbability, but because it involved a statement "contrary to the holy Scripture, which sayeth that all the world were drowned in the General Flood, saveing Noeh and his three sons, Shem, Cham, and Japheth, with their fower wives." — Ann. Clon. See p. 2, note b.
It is therefore, surely, infinitely more probable that an early Irish chronologist made a calculation of the age of the moonh, and the
h The age of the moon — Dr. O'Conor has the marbles, which were composed sixty years after
following observations on this subject, in his the death of Alexander, take no notice of Olym-
account of the Annals of the Four Masters, in piads. There are no fixed epochs in Herodotus
the Stowe Catalogue, p. 114, n. 2: or Thucydides. Timteus of Sicily, who flou-
" The Europeans had no chronology before rished in the 12Qth Olympiad, or about the
the conquest of Darius the Mede, by Cyrus, middle of the third century before Christ, was
538 years before Christ. The chronology we the first who attempted to establish an sera, by
now have of more ancient times is technical, comparing the dates of Olympiads, Spartan
and has been brought to a great degree of accu- Kings, Archons of Athens, and Priestesses of
racy by Petavius and Ussher. Polybius says Juno, which he adapted to one another, accord-
(1. 5, § 33) ihntEphorus, the disciple of Isocrates, ing to the best of his judgment. Where he left
and the historian of Cumse, was the first who off Polybius began.
attempted to reduce chronology into a regular " Those who have adopted the chronology of
science, in the time of Philip of Macedon, the LXX., which makes the world older than it
about 350 years before Christ. The Arundelian is in the Hebrew text, are ably refuted by Natalis
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xlv
day of the week, as they would retrospectively stand forty days be- fore the deluge, than that he found anything purporting to be a record of the date of Ceasair's arrival on stone, tile, or parchment. It would be easier to receive the whole story of Ceasair and her fol- lowers, as well as the date, for a fabrication, than to suppose that any written or inscribed record of such a fact could have existed before the use of letters, or even of hieroglyphics, was known to mankind. The accuracy of ancient dates being thus apocryphal, we are driven to regard the catalogue of kings, given by Gilla-Caemain and others, as a mere attempt at reducing to chronological order the accumulated traditions of the poets and seanachies of Ireland. But that a list of Irish monarchs was attempted to be made out at a very early period is now generally admitted by the best antiquaries. Mr. Pinkerton, who denies to the Irish the use of letters before their conversion to Christianity, still admits the antiquity of their list of kings :
" Foreigners" (he remarks,) " may imagine that it is granting too much to the Irish to allow them lists of kings more ancient than those of any other country in modern Europe ; but the singularly compact and remote situation of that island, and its freedom from Roman conquest, and from the concussions of the fall of the Roman Empire, may infer this allowance not too much. But all contended for is the list of kings, so easily preserved by the repetition of bards at high solemnities, and some grand events of history." — Inquiry into the History of Scotland.
At what period regular annals first began to be compiled with regard to minute chronology we have no means of determining ; but
Alexander. Every discovery, and every vestige " Prsoterea si nulla fuit genitalis origo, of the history of man, tends to prov« that this Terrarum, et Coeli, semperque seterna fuere, planet is not inhabited above 6000 years. The Cur supra bellum Thebanum, & funera Trojje,
glaring truth of the recent origin of man is Non alias alij quoque rescecinere Poeta? ? acknowledged even by Lucretius, 1. 5, De Rer. Quare etiam qutedam nunc artes expoliuntur,
Nat. : Nunc etiam augescunt ?"
x]vi INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
we may safely infer from the words of Tighernach, that the ancient historical documents existing in his time were all regarded by him as uncertain before the period of Cimbaeth, the commencement of whose reign he fixes to the year before Christ 305. His significant words, omnia monumcnta Scotorum usque Cimbaeth incerta eranl, inspire a feeling of confidence in this compiler which commands respect for those facts which he has transmitted to us, even when they relate to the period antecedent to the Christian era. The Annals of Ulster are also free from the objections that have been alleged against the early portion of the Annals of the Four Masters, the compiler beginning with the mission of Palladius to the Scoti, and frequently citing the names of the authors or compilers whose works he had before him, the oldest of which is Mochta, the patron saint of Louth, and Guana (genitive, Cuanach], who seems to be "Cuana scriba Treoit," whose death is recorded under the year 739; and Dubhdalethe, who was at first Lector and afterwards Archbishop of Armagh, and who died in the year 1065. The follow- ing passages, extracted from the Annals of Ulster, will show that they have been copied from various sources :
" A. D. 439. Chronicon magnum scriptum est."
"A. D. 467. Quies Benigni Episcopi, successoris Patricii. Cena Cempa la hQilill TTlolc. Sic in libro Cuanach inveni."
" A. D. 468. Bettum Dumai Qchip pop Oilill TTlolc. Sic inveni in Libro Cuanach."
"A. D. 471. Preda secunda Saxonum de Hibernia ut alii dicunt in isto anno diducta est, ut Moctus dicit. Sic in Libro Cuanach inveni."
"A. D. 475. Bettum 6pe5 h&le pe nCtibll ITlolc. Sic in Libro Cuanach
inveni"
"A. D. 482. Bettum Oche la Lujaio mac Lae5aipe a5ur la TTluipceap- cach mac Gapca, in quo cecidit Q.lill TTlolc. A Concobaro filio Nesse usque ad Copmac jilium Qipc anni cccviii. ; a Copmac usque ad hoc helium cxvi. ut Cuana scripsit."
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xlvii
"A. D. 489. Bellum Cinn Lopnaoo, ubi cecidit Cen^up^i/ms Narppaich
pij TTlurrian, ut Guana scripsit."
" A. D. 527. Vel hie dormitatio Brigide secundum librum Mochod [Mochta?]. " A. D. 534. Dormitatio Mocta discipuli Patricii xiii. Kal. Septemb. Sic ipse
scripsit in Epistola sua ' Macutenus peccator presbiter S. Patricii discipulus in
Dno. salutem.' " — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 544. Oiapmaio regnare incipit, secundum Librum Cuanach." "A. D. 552. Mors Cpimramn mic bpiuin. Sic in Libro Cuanach inveni." " A. D. 598. Quies Cainnij in Qcaio bo, ut Guana docet." " A. D. 600. Terre motus in baippchi. Mors bpenoainn mic Coipppi mic
peicbine. Sic inveni in Libro Cuanach."
" A. D. 602. Omnia quce scripta sunt in anno sequente inveni in Libro
Cuanach, in isto esse perfecta."
" A. D. 610. Quies Colmam 6to. Sic est in Libro Cuanach."
" A. D. 628. Mors Gch&ac buibe, regis Pictorum, Jilii Qeoam. Sic in
Libro Cuanach inveni. Vel, sicut in Libro Ouihoalece narratur."
" A. D. 642. Cellach et Conall Gael regnare incipiunt, ut alii dicunt. Hie
dubitatur quis regnavit post Oorhnall. Dicunt alii historiographi regnasse qua-
tuor reges .1. Cellach et Conall Gael, et duo Jilii Geoa Slaine .1. Oiapmaic et
blacmac per commixta regna!'
"A. D. 972. Conga la Oorhnall hUa Neill t>e Oabull Dap Sliab nUaic
co Loch nGinoenne, quod nonfactum est ab antiquis temporibus. Sic in Libro
Ouibhoaleichi."
"A. D. 1021. Cpech la mac Cteba hUi Neill nap hUib Oopcainn, &c. Sic in libro OuiBoaleichi."
From these notices we have reason to believe that the ecclesias- tical writers carried forward a continuous chronicle from age to age ; each succeeding annalist transmitting the records which he found existing along with his own ; thus giving to the whole series the force of contemporary evidence.
The precision with which the compiler of the Annals of Ulster has transmitted the account of an eclipse of the sun, which took place in the year 664, affords a proof that this entry was derived from
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
a contemporaneous record. — See note x, under A. D. 664, p. 277. Venerable Bede, who is followed by the Four Masters, mentions this solar eclipse as having occurred on the third day of May ; but the Annals of Tighernach and Ulster have preserved the exact day and hour. Bede having evidently calculated the time according to the Dionysian cycle, the error of which was not detected in his time, and the Irish annalists having copied the passage from the record of one who had seen this eclipse, and noted it at the time of observa- tion. The following notices of eclipses and comets, copied from various works by the compiler of the Annals of Ulster, will show that they were recorded by eye-witnesses. The reader is to bear in mind that the Annals of Ulster are antedated by one year up to 1014, and that, in comparing these eclipses with the catalogue of eclipses com- posed by modern astronomers, he should add one year to the respec- tive dates.
, " A. D. 495 [496]. Solis defectio." " A. D. 511 [512]. Defectus soils contigit" " A. D. 590 [591]- Defectio solis .i. mane tenebrosum." " A. D. 613 [614]. Stella [comata] visa est hora octavo die? " A. D. 663 [664]. Tenebre in Kalendis Maii in na hora." " A. D. 673 [674]. Nubes tennis et tremula ad speciem celestis arcus iv, vigilia
noctis vi. feria ante pasca ab oriente in occidentem per serenum celum apparuit.
Luna in sanguinem versa est"
" A. D. 676 [677]. Stella comata visa in mense Septembris et Octobris."
" A. D. 691 [692]. Luna in sanguineum colorem in Natali S. Martini
versa est"
" A. D. 717 [718]. Edipsis lune in plenelunio."
" A. D. 752 [753]. Sol tenebrosus"
" A. D. 761 [762]. Luna tenebrosa. Nox lucida in Autumno."
" A. D. 762 [763], Sol tenebrosus in hora tertia."
" A. D. 772 [773]. Luna tenebrosa ii. Nonas Decembris."
" A. D. 787 [788]. Luna rubra in similitudinem sanguinis xii.Kal Martii"
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. xlix
" A. D. 806 [807]. Luna in sanguinem versa est."
"A. D. 864 [865]. Eclipsis solis in Kal. Januarii, el Edipsis Lune in eodem
anno."
" A. D. 877 [878]. Eclipsis Lune Idibus Octobris iv. Lune."
" A. D. 884 [885]. Eclipsis Solis et visce sunt stella in Ccelo."
" A. D. 920 [921]. Eclipsis Lune xv. Kal. Jan. feria prima hora noctis."
" A. D. 1018. The Comet permanent this year for 14 days in harvest." —
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
" A. D. 1023. An Eclipse of the Moone the 4th Id. of January, being
Thursday. An Eclipse of the Sunn the 27th of the same Moone, on Thursday."
— Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
"A. D. 1031. An Eclipse on the day before the Calends of September." —
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
"A. D. 1065 [1066]. There appeared a Commett for the space of three
nights, which did shine as clear as the Moone at the full." — Ann. Clon.
The dates assigned to these eclipses are confirmed by their accord- ance with the catalogue of eclipses in L'Art de Ver. les Dates, torn. i. pp. 62-69 ; and from this accuracy it must be acknowledged that they have been obtained by actual observation, and not from scientific cal- culations ; for it is well known that any after calculations, made before the correction of the Dionysian period, would not have given such correct results.
Mr. Moore has the following remarks upon the eclipse of 664 :
" The precision with which the Irish annalists have recorded to the month, day, and hour, an eclipse of the sun, which took place in the year 664, affords both an instance of the exceeding accuracy with which they observed and noted passing events, and also an undeniable proof that the annals for that year, though long since lost, must have been in the hands of those who have transmitted to us that remarkable record. In calculating the period of the same eclipse, the Venerable Bede, led astray, it is plain, by his ignorance of that yet undetected error of the Dionysian cycle, by which the equation of the motions of the sun. and moon was affected, — exceeded the true time of the
g
1 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
event by several days. Whereas the Irish chronicler, wholly ignorant of the rules of astronomy, and merely recording what he had seen passing before his eyes,-namely, that the eclipse occurred about the tenth hour on the 3rd of May in the year 664,-has transmitted a date to posterity, of which succeeding astronomers have acknowledged the accuracy."-£^n/ of Ireland, vol. i. p. 163.
At what period it became the practice in Ireland to record public events in the shape of annals has not been yet accurately determined ; but it will not be too much to assume that the practice began with the first introduction of Christianity into the country. Now, it is highly probable that there were Christian communities in Ireland long before the final establishment of Christianity by St. Patrick, in the fifth century. We learn from St. Chrysostom, in his Demonstratio quod Christus sit Dem, written in the year 387, that the British Islands, situated outside the Mediterranean Sea, and in the very ocean itself, had felt the power of the Divine Word, churches having been founded there and altars erected1.
But the most decided evidence that the Irish had the use of letters before St. Patrick's time, is derived from the account of Celestius, an Irishman, the favourite disciple of the heresiarch Pela- gius. St. Jerome, alluding to a criticism of Celestius upon his Com- mentaries on the Epistle of St. Paul to the Ephesians, thus launches out against this bold heretic :
" Nuper indoctus calumniator erupit, qui Commentarios meos in epistolam Pauli ad Ephesios reprehendendos putat. Nee intelligit, nimia stertens vecor-
1 Kat ~/ap al B/jeroctKoi vrjaoi, al T;}? flaXarri/s where accompanied Christianity, had been known
eVTos Keifievat TUUTJ/S, Kat ev aima ovoai Tip uiiceavia in Ireland at that date. The accurate Innes
T»;S Swafieias ^ov pr/fiaTo? ^adovio- KOI yap Kaicei thinks it "not unreasonable to believe that pri-
E/r<c\»;<T<at <cat OvaiaaTijpia ir<=Tn\^aaiv — S. Chry- vate individuals at least, among the Irish, had
sost. Opp., torn. i. 575. B. Ed. Bened. the use of letters before the coming of St. Pa-
But, if such were the case, we may reasonably trick, considering that it may have happened
conclude that the use of letters which every- that some of the Irish before that time, passing
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. 11
dili, leges Commentariorum, &c nee recordatur stolidissimus, et Scotorum
pultibus prasgravatus, nos in ipso dixisse opere : non damno digamos imo nee trigamos, et si fieri potest octogamos : plus aliquid inferam etiam scortatorem recipio poenitentern'k.
And again in the Proemium to his third book on Jeremiah, St. Jerome thus more distinctly mentions the native country of Celestius :
" Hie tacet, alibi criminatur : mittit in universum orbem epistolas biblicas prius auriferas, nunc maledicas et patientiam nostram, de Christi hurailitate venientem, malte conscientite signum interpretatur. Ipseque mutus latrat per Alpinum [al. Albinum] canem quandem et corpulentum, et qui calcibus magis possit stevire, quam dentibus. Habet enim progeniem Scoticas gentis, de Bri- tannorum vicinia : qui juxta fabulas Poetarum, instar Cerberi spirituali percu- tiendus est clava, ut aeterno, cum suo magistro Plutone silentio conticescat"1.
It appears from Gennadius, who flourished A. D. 495, that before Celestius was imbued with the Pelagian heresy, he had written from his monastery to his parents three epistles, in the form of little books, containing instructions necessary for all those desirous of serving God, which, by the way, bore no trace of the heresy which he afterwards broached. The words of Gennadius are as follows :
" Celestius antequam Pelagianum dogma incurreret, im6 adhuc adolescens, scripsit ad parentes de monasterio Epistolas in modum libellorum tres, omnibus Deum desiderantibus necessarias. Moralis siquidem in eis dictio nil vitii post- modum proditi, sed totum ad virtutis incitamentum tenuit"m.
This passage affords sufficient evidence to prove that the Scotica gens, in the neighbourhood of Britain, had the use of letters towards
over to Britain, or other parts of the Roman thought that the Scotica gens, here referred to,
empire, where the use of letters was common, was the modern Scotland ; but this question
might have learned to read and write." has been long since settled. Ireland was the
k Hieron. Prolog, in lib. i. in Hieremiam. Opp. only country called Scotia in St. Jerome's time,
Ed. Vallarsii, torn. iv. or until the twelfth century.
1 Prolog, i. lib. Hi. in Hieremiam. Some have m Gennadius de Script. Eccl. c. 44.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
the close of the fourth century; and it maybe added, that a country that produced such able men as Celestius and Albums could hardly have been an utter strangerto civilization at the tune they flourished. On the whole, it may be conjectured, with probability, that letters were known to the Irish about the reign of Cormac, son of Art ; and this throws the boundary between what must have been traditional, and what may have been original written records, so far back as to remove all objection on that ground to the authenticity of the lowing Annals, from at least the second century of the Christian era. The reader will find these conclusions supported by the opinions of a historian of the highest character, on the general authenticity and historical value of that portion of the Irish Annals made accessible to him by the labours of Dr. O'Conor :
" The chronicles of Ireland, written in the Irish language, from the second century to the landing of Henry Plantagenet, have been recently published, with the fullest evidence of their genuineness and exactness. The Irish nation, though they are robbed of their legends by this authentic publication, are yet by it enabled to boast that they possess genuine history several centuries more ancient than any other European nation possesses, in its present spoken lan- guage. They have exchanged their legendary antiquity for historical fame. Indeed, no other nation possesses any monument of its literature, in its present spoken language, which goes back within several centuries of these chronicles"".
" Sir James Mackintosh, History of England, domain of history enabled him fully to appre-
vol. i. chap. 2. On this passage Mr. Moore re- ciate any genuine addition to it." — History of
marks: "With the exception of the mistake in to Ireland, vol. i. p. 168.
which Sir James Mackintosh has here, rather Whether what Mr. Moore calls a mistake on
unaccountably, been led, in supposing that, the part of the English historian was really one
among the written Irish chronicles which have may be fairly questioned. It is evident that Sir
come down to us, there are any so early as the James Mackintosh was of opinion that there
second century, the tribute paid by him to the were entries in the Annals of Tighernach which
authenticity and historical importance of these were copied from passages originally committed
documents appears to me in the highest degree to writing in the second century ; and there is
deserved ; and conies with the more authority nothing adduced by Mr. Moore or others to in-
from a writer whose command over the wide validate this opinion.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. liii
The Editor cannot close these remarks without returning thanks to the Provost and Senior Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin, for allowing him the use of their splendid collection of Irish manuscripts ; and to such friends as have assisted him in the present work. Among these friends he must reckon, as the first in order, our most eminent antiquary, George Petrie, Esq., LL.D., &c., who has read all the sheets of the second part as they passed through the Press, and made many valuable suggestions. To Mr. Eugene Curry, by whom the autograph of this work was copied for the Press, and who has supplied very many examples from ancient glossaries to elucidate the meanings of difficult words, and various manuscript authorities, unexplored by any but himself, to illustrate the ancient topography, he feels particularly indebted. To James Hardiman, Esq., M. R. I. A., whose labours as a member of the late Irish Record Commission have rendered him fami- liar with all the sources of Anglo-Irish history, he must return his special thanks ; from him he has received, freely and liberally, not only his valuable opinion on several historical points, but also many Anglo-Irish law documents bearing on the history of the Irish chief- tains, which have never been published. The Editor has, moreover, to acknowledge his many obligations to the Rev. Dr. Todd, F.T.C.D., who has kindly afforded him every facility in consulting the College manuscripts, as well as the benefit of his enlightened criticism on many historical points throughout the entire progress of the work.
The Editor has also been assisted by various others, but more especially by his friend, Captain Larcom, R. E., who has been the active promoter of Irish literature, antiquities, and statistics, ever since the summer of 1825, and who, during his connexion with the Ord- nance Survey, exerted himself most laudably to illustrate and preserve the monuments of ancient Irish history and topography. And he is much indebted to Captain Cameron, R. E., who, since he was ap- pointed to superintend the Irish Ordnance Survey Office, has kindly
liv INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
continued to render the Editor the same amount of assistance in iden- tifying the positions of objects of antiquarian or historical interest on the Ordnance Maps, as had been afforded by his predecessor.
He has also to express his acknowledgments to Charles P. O'H. MacDonnell, Esq., M.R.I. A.; Charles J. O'Donel, Esq.; and Herbert Hore, Esq., each of whom has furnished him with much important and original information.
J. O'D.
EPISTLE DEDICATORY,
FROM
MICHAEL O'CLERY TO FEARGHAL O'GADHRA, LORD OF MAGH
UI GADHRA, ETC.
Oia ITYI cabaipc gacha I BESEECH God to bestow every
haoibnfp oo pachao i Ifp Da chupp, -| happiness that in ay redound to the wel-
Da anmain opfpgal o jaohpa cicch- fare of his body and soul, upon Fearghal
fpnalTlhaije uf jaopa,-) cuileo ppino, O'Gadhra, Lord of Magh Ui-Ghadhra
aon Don Diap Rioipfoh paplemence and Cuil-O-bhFinn, one of the two
po coghabh ap conoae Slicagh co knights pf Parliament who were elected
hat cliac an bliabain pi oaoipCpiopc, [and sent] from the county of Sligeach
1634. to Ath-cliath this year of the age of
Christ, 1634.
Qp nf cojccfno poilleip pon uile It is a thing general and plain
Dorhan in gach lonaoh i mbf uaiple no throughout the whole world, in every
onoipingach aimpip oaccaimccpiarh place where nobility or honour1 has
Diam i noiam nach ppuil nf ap slop- prevailed in each successive period,
maipe,-) apaipmiccnijeonopai5he(ap that nothing is more glorious, more
abbapaib lo'niDa) ina piop pfnoacra respectable, or more honourable (for
na pfnujoap, i eolap na naipeac, -] many reasons), than to bring to light
na nuapal po Bdoap ann ipm aimpip the knowledge of the antiquity of an-
1 Honour. — In a free translation of this Dedi- much of the redundance of O'Clery's language,
cation, made by Charles O'Conor, he rejects and improves on his expressions throughout.
lyi EPISTLE DEDICATORY.
,,finpo DO caba.pe DO cum rolair ap cient authors, and a knowledge of the Da,5h co mbeic aiefncap, n eolar a5 chieftains and nobles that existed m 5ach opu,n5 . noeaohaio apoile cion- preceding times, in order that nap DO caicpoc a pnnpp a pe i a successive generation might possess naimpp,! cia haipfce po baecap , knowledge and information as to how cciccfpnap a nDuichce, i noi5nic, no their ancestors spent their time and i nonoip 01016 i nDiaioh, T cpeo i an life, how long they were successively oioheab puaippocn. in the lordship of their countries, in
dignity or in honour, and what sort of death they met.
Canaccpa an bpacaip bochc oupo I, Michael O'Clerigh, a poor brother .8. pponpeip TTlichel o clepicch (iap of the order of St. Francis (after having mbfic ofich mbliabna Dam ace Sccpio- been for ten years transcribing every old bob gach pjioachca Da bpuapap ap material which I found concerning the naomaib na hepeann a maille le hum- saints of Ireland, observing obedience lace jach Ppoumpail Da paibe in to each provincial that was in Ireland epmn a noiaib a cele oobfic accam) successively), have come before you, DO bap lacaipp a uapail Ct phfpjail 0 noble Farrell O'Gara. I have cal- uf jabpa. Do bpaicfp ap bap nonoip culated on your honour that it seemed gup baobap cpuaije, -] riemele, 005- to you a cause of pity and regret, grief ailp.i Dobpom libh (DO chum gloipe and sorrow (for the glory of God and r>6 •) onopa na hepeann) a meo DO the honour of Ireland), how much the
race of Gaedhal the son of Niul have gone under a cloud and darkness with- out a knowledge of the death or obit of saint or virgin, archbishop, bishop, abbot, or other noble dignitary of the Church, of king or prince, lord or pip na coirhpnfoh neich oibhpiohe ppi chieftain [and] of the synchronism or
connexion of the one with the other. I explained to you that I thought I could get the assistance of the chroni- clers for whom I had most esteem, for writing a book of annals, in which the
Deacaccap pliocr ^aoiDil meic Niuil po ciaij •) DopcaDap, jan piop ecca na oibfba Naoim, na bannaoime Qipoeppcoip, Gppcoip, na abbao, na uapal spaiDh eccailp oile, Rij, na Ruipij.cijeapna nacoipcch,comaim-
apoile. Oo poillpjfpa Daoibp bo Doij Ifm 50 ppui jinn cuioiuccaD na ccpoimci^e ap ap mo mo rhfp Do chum leabaipQnnalaDDopccpfobabi ccuip- pibe i ccuimne na nfice pempaice, ~\
EPISTLE DEDICATORY. Ivii
oa Ificcri ap caipoe gari a Sccpiobao aforesaid matters might be put on re-
00 laraip nach ppuighri IOD oopiDipi cord ; and that, should the writing of le a ppopaicmfc,-] le a ccuimniuccab them be neglected at present, they j;o cpich,i 50 poipcfrm an bfcha. Oo would not again be found to be put on cpuinmccheao Ifm na leabaip Gnna- record or commemorated to the end lab ap pfppi aplfonmaipe ap mo Do and termination of the world. There bfioip Ifm opa^ail i nepinn uile (bioo were collected by me all the best and gup bfccup Dam a ccfcclamaD 50 most copious books of annals that I haom lonao) DO chum an leabaippi could find throughout all Ireland DO pccpiobao in bap nainmpi,-] in bap (though it was difficult for me to col- nonoip 6ip ap pib cucc luach paocaip ' lect them to one place), to write this DO na cpomici&ib lap po pccpiobao e, book in your name, and to your ho-
1 bpaitrpe conuence Duin na ngall nour, for it was you that gave the re- DO caich coprap bfoh, -j ppiorailrhe ward of their labour to the chroniclers, piu map an cceona. ^acn niaic Da by whom it was written ; and it was cnocpa Don leabop pin Da cabaipc the friars of the convent of Donegal polaipp DO each i ccoiccchinne ap that supplied them with food and at- ppibpi ap bfipche a buiohe,-] nip coip tendance in like manner. For every maccnaD, no longnab CD no lomcnuc good that will result from this book, DO bfic pa rhaicoa nomgenaD pib,6ip in giving light to all in general, it is apoopiolGimipmeicTTlileaDjfinpioc to you that thanks should be given, 30 pijh DO piojaib epeann, -| a haen and there should exist no wonder or apcpf picciboonaomaib;on:Ca65 pin surprise, jealousy" or envy, at [any] macCein mic oiletla oluim op piolpac good that you do ; for you are of a hocc oecc DO na naomaib pin ap the race of Heber mac Mileadh, from eioip DO bpfir 6 jlun 50 jlun gup an whom descended thirty of the kings of caog ceona. Ro gablaighpioc -\ po Ireland, and sixty-one saints ; and to aiccpeabpac clann an UaiDg pin i Tadhg mac Cein mac Oilella Oluim, nionaDaib e^arhla ap puD 6peann .i. from whom eighteen of these saints0
h Jealousy.— If O'Donnell were in the country under the name and patronage of any of the
at the time, he ought to have felt great envy rival race of Oilioll Olum, much less to so petty
and jealousy that the Four Masters should have a chieftain of that race as O'Gara. This will ap-
committed this work, which treats of the O'Don- pear obvious from the Contention of the Bards,
nells more than of any other family, to the world c Eighteen of these saints.— Charles O'Conor,
lyiii EPISTLE DEDICATORY.
Sliochc Copbma,c ^ailfng illui5hn,b are sprung, you can be traced, genera-
connacc op jemeabhaipp mumcip tion by generation. The descendants
5a6pa an Dei Ua Gajpa hi cconnac- of this Teige branched out, and mha-
co,bh,i ohfjpa anT?uca,OCeapbaill bited various parts throughout Ireland,
! nGle n o TTlfcha.p i nuib Caipfn, namely: the race of Cormac Gaileng
o concob'aip i
Oo 6fpba6 ap bap ccechcpa on puil uapail pn a oubpamap ace po bap njjemeatach,
CX phfpgail uf jaoyia, Q rheic caiocc, meic oilealla, meic oiapmacca, meic eojhain, meic ompmaoa, meic eojhain, meic comalcaij oicc, meic comalcaij moip, meic Diapmacca, meic Raijhne, meic conjalatgh, meic oumnplebe,
in Luighne-Connacht, from whom ye, the Muintir-Gadhra, the twoUi Eaghra in Connaught, and O'h-Eaghra of the Bute, O'Carroll of Ely, O'Meachair in Ui-Cairin, and O'Conor of Cianachta- Glinne-Geimhin, are descended.
As a proof of your coming from this noble blood we have mentioned, here is your pedigree,
Oh Fearghal O'Gadhra, thou son of
Tadhg ! son of
Oilioll, son of
Diarmaid, son of
Eoghan, son of
Diarmaid, son of
Eoghan, son of
Tomaltach Og, son of
Tomaltach More, son of
Diarmaid, son of
Raighne, son of
Conghalach, son of
Donnsleibhe, son of
•who felt no qualm of conscience at reducing the simple style of O'Clery to his own imitation of Dr. Johnson, translates this passage in the fol- lowing loose manner, without regard to the construction of the original.
" In truth, every benefit derivable from our labours is due to your protection and bounty ;
nor should it excite jealousy or envy that you stand foremost in this as in other services you have rendered your country ; for, by your birth, you are a descendant of the race of Heber, which gave Ireland thirty monarchs, and sixty-one of which race died in the odour of sanctity."
EPISTLE DEDICATORY.
lix
rneic
nieic ouinnplebe,
meic concobhaip,
meic Ruaipc,
meic 5a6pa, o ploinnreap mumcip
gaopa,
meic glecneacam, meic Saopjapa, meic bece, meic plaiciopa, meic raichligh, meic cinopaolaio, meic Diapmaoa, meic pionnb'aipp, meic bpenamn, meic naccppaoic, meic pioeoin, meic pioocuipe, meic aipr cuipb, meic niab cuipb, meic luf o nainmnijceap luighne,
meic
meic cem,
meic oilella oluim,
meic moba nuaoac,
meic mo&a nficc,
meic ofipcc,
meic ofipcccfmeab,
meic enoa moncaom,
meic loich moip,
meic mopebip,
meic muipfoaij mucna,
meic eacbac
Ruaidhri, son of
Donsleibhe, son of
Conchobhar, son of
Ruarc, son of
Gadhra, from whom the Muintir-
Gadhra are surnamed, son of Glethnechan, son of Saerghas, son of Bee, son of Flaithius, son of Taichleach, son of Cinnfaeladh, son of Diarmaid, son of Finnbharr, son of Brenann, son of Nadfraech, son of Fiden, son of Fidhchuir, son of Art Corb, son of Niadh Corb, son of Lui, from whom the Luighne are
named, son of Tadhg, son of Cian, son of Oilioll Olum, son of Modh Nuadhat, son of Modh Neid, son of Derg, son of Deirgtheineadh, son of Enda Monchaoin, son of Loich Mor, son of Mofebis, son of Muiredhach Muchna, son of Eochaidh Garv, son of
h2
Ix
EPISTLE DEDICATORY.
meic ouaic Dalca oeaohaoh,
meic caipppe luipcc,
meic lonnaccmaip,
meic ma pebamain,
meic aoamaip polrcain,
meic pipcuipb,
meic mo6a cuipb,
meic cobraij caoim,
meic pfccaba pijofipcc,
meic luijofc IdijiD,
meic eachoach,
meic oilealla,
meic aipr,
meic lui jofc lairhoeipcc,
meic eacoac uaipcep,
meic luijoec lapDuino, meic enoa Deipcc, meic ouaich pmn, meic Seona lonnappaij, meic bpfippigh, meic aipc imlij, meic pfiblimib, meic Roceccaij, meic Roam pfjailij, meic pailbe lolcopaij, meic caip ceocoimgnij, meic pailofpccooio, meic mumeamoin, meic caip clocai j, meic pip apoa, meic Roceccaij, meic Poppa, meic glaipp, meic nuaoac ofglam,
Duach Dalta Deadhadh, son of Cairbre Lose, son of Innadmhar, son of Nia Sedhamuin, son of Adamar Foltchain, son of Fercorb, son of Modh Corb, son of Cobhthach Caemh, son of Kechtadh Righdhearg, son of Lughaidh Lagha, son of Eochaidh, son of Oilioll, son of Art, son of
Lughaidh Laimhdhearg, son of Eochaidh Uairches, son of
Lughaidh lardhunn, son of
Enda Dearg, son of
Duach Finn, son of
Sedna Innarrach, son of
Bresrigh, son of
Art Imleach, son of
Feidhlimidh, son of
Rothechtach, son of
Roan Righaileach, son of
Failbhe lolcorach, son of
Cas Cedcoimhgneach.
Faildeargdoid, son of
Muineamhon, son of
Cas Clothach, son of
Ferarda, son of
Rothechtach, son of
Ross, son of
Glass, son of
Nuadhat Deaghlamh, son of
EPISTLE DEDICATORY.
Ixi
meic eacDac poobapglaip,
meic conmaoil,
meic eimhip pirm,
meic milea6 eppainne,
meic bile,
meic bpeojcnn,
meic bpacha,
meic oeaacha,
meic eapcaDa,
meic alooiD,
meic nuaDaicr,
meic ninuail,
meic eimip jlaip,
meic agnoin pino,
meic eimip gluinpmD,
meic laimpinn,
meic agnamam, ec cecepa.
Gn t>apa la pichfc DO mi lanuapg anno Domini 1632, DO cionnpgnaoh an leabop po i cconueinc Ohnin na njall, -] Do cpiochnaighfoh ipm cconueinr ceona an Deachmaoh la oaugupc, 1636. Qn caonmaD bbabain oecc DO pijhe ap Righ Cappolup op Sa^ain, Ppainc, Qlbain, -] op Gipinn.
6hap ccapa lonmain,
michee, o
Eochaidh Faebharghlas, son of
Comnael, son of
Eimher Finn, son of
Mileadh, son of
Bile, son of
Breogan, son of
Bratha, son of
Death a, son of
Earchadh, son of
Aldod, son of
Nuadhat, son of
Ninual, son of
Eimher Glas, son of
Agnon Finn, son of
Eimhir Gluinfinn, son of
Laimhfmn, son of
Agnaman.
On the twenty-second day of the month of January, Anno Domini 1632, this book was commenced in the convent of Dun-na-nGall ; and it was finished in the same convent on the tenth day of August, 1636, the eleventh year of the reign of our King Charles over England, France, Alba, and over
Eire.
Your affectionate friend,
BROTHER MICHAEL O'CLERY.
APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
na haichpe DO UpD .3. J.HE fathers of the Franciscan order
Pponpeip chuippfp a lamha ap po who shall put their hands on this
050 piaohnujhaoh gup ab e pfpghal do bear witness that it was Fearghal
6 5aDnna cucc aP an mbpachaip O'Gadhra that prevailed on Brother
TTIichel o Clepicch na CpomiciDe -] Michael O'Clerigh to bring together
an caop ealaohna DO chpuinDiujab the chroniclers and learned men, by
co haoin lonaoh lap po pccpiobhaoh whom were transcribed the books of
leabhcnp oipip -\ Gnnala na hGpiono history and Annals of Ireland (as much
(an riificc pob eioip opaghail le a of them as it was possible to find to be
pccpiobaoh Diob) i j;op ab e an pfp- transcribed), and that it was the same
ghal ceona cucc loighioeachc boib Fearghal that gave them a reward* for
ap a pccpiobhaoh. their writing.
Qca an leabhap panoca ap 66, The book is divided into two [parts].
Ctp e ionaoh in po p^piobaoh e 6 chup The place at which it was transcribed,
co Dfipfoh i cconuenc bpachap Oum from beginning to end, was the convent
• Gave them a reward. — Charles O'Conor trans- them liberally for their labour."
lates this loosely, as follows : The reader will, however, observe that thene
" The fathers of the Franciscan Order, sub- are no words in the original Irish of O'Clery
scribers hereunto, do certify that Ferall O'Gara to correspond with O'Conor's nobleman or liber-
was the nobleman who prevailed on Brother Mi- ally, here marked in Italics. The Editor has
chael O'Clery to bring together the antiquaries discovered no clue to determine how libe-
and chronologers, who compiled the following rally O'Gara paid the chroniclers, but feels
Annals (such as it was in their power to collect), satisfied that the sum he paid them was very
and that Ferrall O'Gara, aforesaid, rewarded, trifling.
lxiv APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
na n5all, ap a mb,a6n ap a bFpioch- of the Friars of Dun-na-nGall, they
a,lfmh Ooc,onnrCcna6lDopccp,o- supplying food and attendance. The
baoh an c6,o leabhap be ,pnConuenc first book was begun and transcribed
chfccna an blia6am p 1632, «" ran in the same convent this year, 1632,
po ba6 5a,po,an an cacha.p bepnap- when Father Bernardme O Clery was
om 6 Clepicch. Guardian.
Qr race na Cpo.nicibe, i an caop The chroniclers and learned men who
ealaohna DO bdccap ace pccpiobaoh were engaged in extracting and tran-
an leabaip pin, 1 a5a chf5lamaoh a scribing this book from various books,
leabpatb eccparhla an bpachaip TTlf- were : Brother Michael O'Clerigh ;
chel 6 Clepicch, TTluipip mac Copna Maurice, the son of Torna O'Mael-
iri TTlhaoilconaipe ppi pe aoin miopa ; chonaire, for one month ; Ferfeasa, the
pfppfpa mac Lochlamo uf TTlaofl- son of Lochlainn O'Maelchonaire, both
chonaipe.iaiccpoheina nofp a concae of the county of Ros Chomain ; Cucog-
Roppa commain, Cucoigcpiche 6 cle- criche O'Clerigh, of the county of Dun-
picch a concae Ohum na ngall, cucoi- na-nGall ; Cucoigcriche O'Duibhgen-
jcpiche oDuibgCnDdinaconcaeliach nain, of the county of Liath-druim ;
Dpoma,-| conaipe 6 clepicch a concae and Conaire O'Clerigh, of the county
Duin no ngalt. of Donegal.
Q ciao na p fmleabaip po bhacop These are the old books they had : oca, leabhap cluana tnic noip in po thebooko.fCluain-mic-Noisb, [a church] bfhnaijNaoirhchiapdnTnac ancpaofp. blessed by Saint Ciaran, son of the Leabap oilem na nafm pop loch Ribh, carpenter ; the book of the Island of Leabhap Shfnaioh mec TTlaghnuppa Saints0, in Loch Ribh ; the book of Sea- pop Loch Gpne Leabap cloinne tii nadh Mic Maghnusad, in Loch Erne ;
b The book of Cluain-mic-Nois. — The original know the present representative of theLismoyny of this is now unknown ; but there are several branch. The Editor has added from this trans- copies of a translation of it, made in 1627, by lation many long passages omitted by the Four Connell Mageoghegan, Esq., of Lismoyny, in the Masters.
countj of Westmeath, one in the British Mu- c The book of the Island of all Saints This
seum, another in the Library of Trinity College, manuscript is now unknown.
Dublin, F. 3. 19, a third in the library of the " Book of Seanadh Mic Maghnusa Now called
Marquis of Drogheda, and others in the hands the Annals of Ulster See note ', under the
of private individuals. The original was in the year 1307, p. 489 ; note ", under 1408, p. 795 ;
Mageoghegan family, but the Editor does not and note \ under the year 1498, p. 1240, infra.
APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
Ixv
TTlaoilconaipe,Lebap muincepeOuib- Sfnndin chillel?6ndin,-] leabap oipipfn Leacain meic pipbipicch ppfch chuca mp pcpiobhaoh upriioip an leab'aip, -\ ap po pcpiobhpacc jach lionmaip- eachc oa bpuaippfcr (Ranjacop a Ifp) nac paibe ip na ceicc leabpaib bdcop aca, ap nf Baof i leabap cluana, ina pop i leabhap an oilem ache jup an mbliaoam pi oaoip ap ccijhfpna 1227.
the book of the Claim Ua Maelcho- naire0; the book of the O'Duigenans, of Kilronanf; the historical book of Lecan Mic Firbisighg, which was pro- cured for them after the transcription of the greater part of the book [work], and from which they transcribed every copious matter they found which they deemed necessary, which was not in the first books they had, for neither the book of Cluain, nor the book of the Island, were [carried] beyond the year of the age of our Lord, 1227.
Seanadh Mic Maims, now Belleisle, is aD island in Lough Erne, the property of the Rev. Gray Porter, who has recently erected a house upon it.
' The book of the Clann Ua Maelchonaire. — Now unknown. It is frequently quoted by O'Flaherty, in his marginal additions to the copy of these Annals, preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 11.
' The book of the Muinrdir-Duibhgennain of Cill-Ronain, — There is a most curious and valu- able manuscript volume of Irish annals, which was in the possession of the O'Duigenans, pre- served in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 1. 19; but it does not appear to be the one used by the Four Masters. It perfectly accords with all the passages quoted by Ware and Harris from the Annals of Lough Kee ; and it may be safely conjectured that it is a compilation made by the O'Duigenans from the Annals of Lough Kee, Roscommon, and Kilronan. The Editor has made copious additions to the work of the Four Masters from this manuscript, calculated to throw much light on historical facts but slightly touched upon by the Masters themselves.
g The historical book of Lecan Mic Firbisigh. — This book is now unknown ; but there is a good abstract of some annals, which belonged to the Mac Firbises, made by the celebrated Duald Mac Firbis, now preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 1. 18. This abstract is styled Chronicum Scotorum by the transcriber, who states that he shortened or abstracted it from a larger work of the Mac Firbises, omitting every thing, except what relates to the Scoti or Milesians. The same Duald, or Dudley, also translated, in the year 1666, a portion of the Annals of Ireland, extending from 1443 to 1468, for the use of Sir James Ware. This translation has been recently printed for the Irish Archaeo- logical Society. — See the Miscellany, p. 198, and the Editor's notes, pp. 263-302. From this translation the Editor has supplied, in the notes, many passages omitted by the Four Mas- ters.
The Annals of the Mac Firbises are also fre- quently quoted by O'Flaherty, in his marginal additions to the Trinity College copy of the Annals of the Four Masters, all which additions the Editor has printed in the notes.
lxvi APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
Do cionnpccnaoh an oapa leabhap The second book [volume], which
oapab copach an bliaoain pi 1208, an begins with the year 1208, was com-
blmbain pi oaoipCpiopcmpobasaip- menced this year of the age of Christ,
omn an cachaip Cpiopcoip Ulcach 1635, in which Father Christopher
1635,1 oo pccpiobaoh an chum oile Ultach [Donlevy] was guardian, and
6e 50 1608 an cheo bliaoam in po the other part of it, to the year 1608,
baoh sapoian an cachaip bepnapom was transcribed the first year in which
O Clepicch oopioipi. Qn bpachaip Father Bernardin O'Clerigh, Brother
TTlicel O Clepijjh a oub'pamop, Cu- Michael O'Clerigh aforesaid, Cucoig-
coicccpiche 6 Clepijh -| Conaipe 6 criche O'Clerigh, and Conaire O'Cle-
Clepicch oo pcpiobh an leabap oeioh- righ, transcribed the last book [vo-
fnach ochd 1332 50 1608. Qp lac lume], from 1332 to 1608. These are
no leabaip ap po pcpiobpac an cpiap the books from which these three tran-
pempdiceuprhop an leabaip, an leabap scribed the greatest part of this book :
cfcna pin clomne uf ITlaoilconaipe 50 the same book of the O'Mulconrys, as
mile cuicc ceo a 01115, 1 aP ' r'n an ^ar as ^e 7ear one thousand five hun-
bliabam ofiofnach baoi ano, leabap dred and five, and this was the last year
no muincipe ouibhsfnocm cap a ccan- which it contained ; the book of the
jamap o chd naoi cceo 50 mile cuicc O'Duigenans, of which we have spoken,
ceo Seapccacc a cpi, Ceabap SeanaiD from [the year] nine hundred to one
mec TTlashnupa ma paib'e co TTlile thousand five hundred sixty-three ; the
cuicc ceo cpiochac ao6, blab DO book of Seanadh-Mic Maghnusa, which
leabap Choncoicccpiche meic Diap- extended to one thousand five hundred
macca mic Uamhg caimm ui clepigh thirty-two ; a portion of the book of
on mbliaoain pi TTlfle oa cheo, ochc- Cucogry, the son of Dermoth, son of
mojhacc a haon, co mile cuicc ceo Tadhg Cam O'Clerigh, from the year
cpiochacc a Seachc, Leabap TTlec one thousand two hundred and eighty-
bpuaiofoha TTlhaolin oicc on mbliab- one, to one thousand five hundred and
am pi 171 ile, cuij ceo, ochcmoghac a thirty-seven ; the book of Mac Bru-
hochc, 50 mile 86 ceo a cpi, Leabhap aideadha1 (Maoilin Og) from the year
h Cucogry, son of Dermot.—Re was the great- He flourished about the year 1537. His book
grandfather of Cucogry or Peregrine O'Clery, is now unknown,
one of the Four Masters. -See Genealogies, ' The book of Mac
Inbes, and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 83. to the Editor.
APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
Ixvii
Lughach uf clepish, 6 TTlhfle, cuicc ceo, ochcniojhac, a Se, 50 ITli'le, Se cheD a DO.
Oo chonncamop na leabaip pin uile 05 an afp ealaona cap a ccansamop Roriiamn •] leabaip oipipfn oile nach mcc po ba6 eirhelc oammniujaD. Oo ofpbao gac nee Dap pcpiobaoh annpin Romainn Gcaimne na pfppanna po pfop 05 cop ap lam ap po hi cconuenc Ohum na ngall an oeachmao la Do Qujupc, aoip Chpiopc TTlile, 8e cheo, rpiochar a Se.
FB. BEKNARDINUS CLEKY,
Guardianus Dungalensis.
bpacaip TTluipip Ullcach.
bparaip TTluipip Ullcac.
bpacaip bonauancupa o Oorhnill, Leacoip lubilac.
one thousand five hundred eighty-eight, to one thousand six hundred and three ; the book of Lughaidh O'Clerigh, from one thousand five hundred eighty-six, to one thousand six hundred two.
We have seen all these books with the learned men, of whom we have spoken before, and other historical books be- sides them. In proof of every thing which has been written above, the fol- lowing persons are putting their hands on this, in the convent of Donegal, the tenth day of August, the age of Christ one thousand six hundred thirty-six.
BROTHER BERNARDINE O'CLERY,
Guardian of Donegal. BROTHER MAURICE ULLTACH, BROTHER MAURICE ULLTACH, BROTHER BONA VENTURA O'DoNNELLk, Jubilate Lector.
k Brother Bonaventura G'Donnell. — This was made O'Donnell (Prince of Tirconnell) in the translation used by Mr. Petrie. Manus, son of Sir Niall Garve, and Hugh O'Donnell of Ramel- ton, who was a member of the Parliament of
the Confederate Catholics, held at Kilkenny on the 10th of January, 1647, were the most dis- tinguished members of the family at this period, but neither of them appears to have patronized this work.
i2
Ixviii
APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
The Mowing approbations of the work of the Four Masters are prefixed to the copy in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, in the handwriting of the scribe. The autograph originals of the same are in the copy deposited in the College of St. Isidore, at Rome, as the Editor was informed by the late Dr. Lyons, of Kilmore-Erns.
Oo Bfcin 50 ccdinic an bpdcaip Whereas the poor friar, Michael
bocc TTlicel O Cleipij (maille le O'Clery (in obedience to his superior,
humlacc a uaccapdm, an cacaip Father Joseph Everard, Provincial of
lopeph Guepapo, ppouinpial Uipo the Order of St. Francis in Ireland)
8. Ppoinpeip i nGpino), oom lonn- came to me to shew me this book, — I1,
paicchib DO caipben an leabaip pi Flann, son of Cairbre Mac Aedhagain,
bam,— acupa plarm, mac Caipppe of Baile-Mhic- Aedhagain, in the county
TTlic Qebaccdm, 6 bhaile TTlhic deb- of Tibrat-Arann, DO TESTIFY THAT,—
accdin, i cconcae Chiobpac-Clpann, though many were the books of history
05 d piabnuccab, jep bo hiomba lea- of the old books of Ireland which I
bap aipip DO connapc DO peinleabpaib saw, and though numerous the uncer-
Gpeann, "| jep bo Uonrhap an nuimip tain number of ancient and modern
eccince DO leabpaib aopoa -| nem- books which I saw written and being
aopoa, pgpiobca, -| acca p^pfobab oo transcribed in the school of John, son
connapc i pcoil Seaam mic Uopna Ui of Torna Ua Maelchonaire, the tutor
TTlhaoilconaipe, oioe peap nGpeann of the men of Ireland in general in his-
hi ccoiccmne, hi pencup -| hi ccpomic, tory and chronology, and who had all
1 aga mbdoap a paib i nGpmn 05 poj- that were in Ireland learning that sci-
lam na healabna pin 50 ceaccapc ence under his tuition, — I HAVE NOT
aicce, nac peacabap ecoppa pin uile seen among them all any book of better
aon leabap ap peapp opo, ap coic- order, more general, more copious, or
cinne, ap Ifonmaipe, -\ ap mo ap in- more to be approved of, as a book of
riiolca map leabap aipip -| annal, ind history and annals, than this book. I
an leabap pa. Uleapaini pop nac think also that no intelligent person
1 1 , do testify. — Dr. O'Conor, mistaking the meaning of acu-pa, the old form of aruimpe,
/ am, translates this te — testante.
APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
Ixix
eioip le ouine ap bic cuiccp lonac no cuain no oeglaip, nole healabam, Da lei£pe e a lochruccab. Oo bepbab an neire pempdice acdm accpccpibab mo laime aip po ipm mbaile TTlhic Gebaaccdm a oubapc, 2. Nouemb. 1636.
plann TTlac Q 000501 n.
whatever, of the laity or clergy, or of the professions, who shall read it, can possibly find fault with it. In attesta- tion of which thing aforesaid, I here put my hand on this, at the Baile-Mhic- Aedhagain aforesaid, the 2nd of No- vember, 1636.
FLANN MAC AODHAGAIN.
Udmic an bpdcaip bocc TTlicel O Clepig, amaille le humplacc a uacoapdin, an cacaip lopeph Gue- papo, Ppouinpial Uipo S. phpoinpeip, com laraip Do lecchab ~\ DO caipbe- nab an leabaip aipip i annalab Do P5pfobab laip ~| lap an aoip ealabna oile, ipa lama aca aip, ~\ lap na peu- cain i lap na bpeacnujab bam, acupa TTlac bpuameaba, Concobap, mac TTlaoilin Oig 6 Chill Chaoioe -| 6 Leicip TTlaolam i cconcae an Chldip, agd piabnujab 50 bpuil an leabap mmolca.i na cumain linn leabap aipip no annal opaicpm ap mo ap peapp ~\ aplionmaipe coicchmne apGpinn uile ma an leabap po,-| gup ab Doilij coi- beim, locDujao na incpeacab opajail aip. Dobeapbabap a noubapcacdim 05 cup mo laime aip i cCill Chaoioe, ii Nou. 1636.
CONNER MAC BRODY, Da ngoiprep TTlac bpuaoan.
The poor friar, Michael O'Clery, in obedience to his superior, Father Jo- seph Everard, Provincial of the Order of St. Francis, came before me to read and exhibit the book of history and annals written by himself and the other professional men, whose hands are upon it ; and after having viewed and exa- mined it, I, Mac Bruaidin-Conchobhar, son of Maeilin Og of Cill-Chaeide [Kil- keedy] and Leitir-Maelain, in the county of Clare, Dp TESTIFY that this book is recommendable, and that we do not remember having seen a book of his- tory or annals larger, better, or more generally copious in treating of all Ire- land, than this book; and that it is difficult to find fault with, censure, or criticise it. To attest what I have said, I now put my hand upon it at Cill- Chaeide, the llth November, 1636.
CONNER MAC BRODY, called MAC BRUODIN.
APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK.
; - Vis. testimoniis et approbationibus eorum qui pra.cipui sunt Antiquarn Rerun, nostrarum, et lingua, ac historic peritissim* ac expert,^, de et intestate fratris Michaelis O'Cleri, Ordinis Seraph1C1 S. France, in opere quod intitulatur, Angles Regni Hibemi* in duas partes dmso, quarum pnma continet a diluvio ad annum Christi Millesimum ducentesimum vigesimum septi- mum secunda vero continet ad milesimum sexcentesimum octavum, colligendo, castigando, et illustrando,-Nos Malachias, Dei et Apostolic* Sedis gratia, Ar- chiepiscopus Tuamensis, et Connaci* Primas, prarfatum opus approbamus dignissiinum ut in lucem reddatur, ad Dei gloriam, Patrias honorem, < munem utilitatem censemus.
" Datum Galvias 14 Cal. Decembris, 1636.
" MALACHIAS, AECHIEPISCOPUS TUAMENSIS™."
" Visis testimoniis, et authenticis peritorum approbationibus, do hoc opere, per Fr. Michaelem Clery Ordinis Laicum fratrem collecto, libenter iUud appro- bamus, ut in publicum lucem edatur.
"Datum Ros-rield, 27 Novemb. 1636.
" FK. BOETIUS" ELPHIN, Eps.
" Opus cui titulus Annales Regni Hiberniw a Fr. Michaele Clery, Laico Ordinis S. Francisci de observantia, summa fide exaratum, prout testantur Synographa Virorum Doctissimorum, quibus merito Nos multum deferentes, illud praelo dignissum censemus.
" Actum Dublinii, 8 Febr. 1636.
" FK. THOMAS FLEMING, Arch. Dublin, Hibernwe Primas!'
" De hoc Opere quod intitulatur Annales Regni Hibernice, in duas partes diviso, quarum prima continet a Diluvio ad annum Christi 1227, secundo vero continet ad millesimum sexcentesimum octavum, quern Fr. Michael Clery
m Malachias, Archiepiscopus Tuamensis. — He naught, pp. 74, 93.
•was Malachy O'Cadhla, or O'Keely, Roman Ca- " Boetius. — He was Boetius Baethghalach Mac
tholic or titular Archbishop of Tuam — See Aedhagain, or Mac Egan, Roman Catholic Bishop
Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's West Con- of Elphin.
APPROBATIONS OF THE WORK. Ixxi
Ordinis S. Francisci, ad communem patriot utilitatera collegit, non aliter cen- semus quam censores a Rev. admodum Patre Provincial! ejus Fratris D. Flo- rentius Kegan et D. Cornelius Bruodin, pro eodem opere inspiciendo, exami- nando, et approbando vel reprobando assignati, judicaverunt, et decreverunt. Nos enim eosdem tanquam peritissimos lingua? Hiberuicas, et in omnibus His- toriis et Patriaj Chronologiis versatissimos existimamus. Quapropter illorum censuras, et judicio de prefato opere fratris M. Clery, in omnibus confirmamus. In quorum fidem, his manu propria subscripsimus. Datum in loco nostns mansionis die 8 Jan. A. D. 1637.
" FR. ROCHUS KlLDARENS."
B
emeaNN.
oomam juy> an mbliabomp na oiteano, DO rhile oa ceao ba picfc -| DO bliabom. Ceacpaca la pia noilinn cainig Cearoip 50 hGipinn, 50 ccaogaio ranjfn, -, 50 ccpiap bpfp, bioc, Labpa, i pioneoin a nanmanna. Ctobar La6pa i nClpo Labpann,-] ap uab ammnijcfp. ba hfipbe cfona mapb 6pionn. Qcbach bioc i Sleb bfca, co po habnacc i cCapn Slebe bfca, conaD uab
m The age of the world. — This is according to the computation of the Septuagint, as given by St. Jerome in his edition of the Chronicon of Eusebius, from whom, no doubt, the Four Mas- ters took this date. His words are : "AbAdam usque ad Diluvium anni sunt MMCCXLII. Secundum Hebrseorum numerum MDCLVI."
According to the Annals of Clonmacnoise and various ancient Irish historical poems, 1656 years had elapsed from the Creation to the Flood, which was the computation of the Hebrews — See Keating's History of Ireland (Haliday's edition, p. 145), and Dr. O'Conor's Prolegomena ad An- nales, p. li., and from p. cxxvii. to cxxxv.
b Ceasair This story of the coming of
Ceasair, the grand- daughter of Noah, to Ire- land, is given in the Book of Leinster, fol. 2, b ; in all the copies of the Book of Invasions ; in the Book of Fenagh ; and in Giraldus Cam- brensis's Topographia Hibernica, dist. ii. c. 1 . It is also given in Mageoghegan's translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise ; but the translator remarks : " my author, Eochy O'Flannagan, giveth no credit to that fabulous tale." Hanmer
also gives this story, as does Keating ; but they do not appear to believe it, " because," says the latter, " I cannot conceive how the Irish anti- quaries could have obtained the accounts of those who arrived in Ireland before the Flood, unless they were communicated by those aerial demons, or familiar sprites, who waited on them in times of paganism, or that they found them engraved on stones after the Deluge had sub- sided." The latter opinion had been propounded by Giraldus Cambrensis (ubi supra), in the twelfth century : " Sed forte in aliqua materia inscripta, lapidea scilicet vel lateritia (sicut de arte Musica legitur ante diluvium) inventa isto- rum memoria, fuerat reseruata."
O'Flaherty also notices this arrival of Ceasair, "forty days before the Flood, on the 15th day of the Moon, being the Sabbath." In the Chro- nicon Scotorum, as transcribed by Duald Mac Firbis, it is stated that this heroine was a daugh- ter of a Grecian. The passage runs as follows :
" Kl. u. f. 1. x. M. ix. c. ix. Anno Mundi. In hoc anno venit filia alicvjus de Greets ad Hiber- niam, cui women Heru vel Berbha [Banbha], vel
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
THE Age of the Worlda, to this Year of the Deluge, 2242. Forty days before the Deluge, Ceasair" came to Ireland0 with fifty girls and three men ; Bith, Ladhra, and Fintain, their names. Ladhra died at Ard-Ladhrannd, and from him it is named. He was the first that died' in Ireland. Bith died at Sliabh Beathaf, and was interred in the earn of Sliabh Beatha6, and from him
Cesar, et Lfilice, et in. viri cum ea. Ladhra guber- nator fuit qui primus in Hibernia tumulatus est. Hoc non narrant Antquarii Scotorum."
c Ireland. — According to the Book of Lecan, foL 272, a, the Leabhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys, and Keating's History of Ireland, they put in at Dun-na-mbarc, in Corca-Duibhne, now Corca- guiny, a barony in the west of Kerry. There is no place in Corcaguiny at present known as having borne the name ; and the Editor is of opinion that " Corca Duibhne" is an error of transcribers for " Corca-Luighe," and that the place referred to is Dun-na-m-barc, in Corca- Luighe, nowDunamark, in the parish of Kilcom- moge, barony of Bantry, and county of Cork.
d Ard-Ladlirann : L e. Ladhra' s Hill or Height. This was the name of a place on the sea coast, in the east of the present county of Wexford. The name is now obsolete ; but the Editor thinks that it was applied originally to Ardamine, in the east of the county of Wexford, where there
is a curious moat near the sea coast See Col-
gan's Ada. Sanctorum, pp. 210, 217, and Duald Mac Firbis's Genealogical work (Marquis of
B
Drogheda's copy, pp. 23, 210, 217). The tribe of Cinel-Cobhthaigh were seated at this place.
e The first that died, $c. — Literally, "the first dead [man] of Ireland." Dr. O' Conor renders this : " Occisus est Ladra apud Ard-Ladron, et ab eo nominatur. Erat ista prima occisio in Hibernia." But this is very incorrect, and shews that this translator had no critical knowledge of the language of these Annals. Connell Ma- geoghegan, who translated the Annals of Clon- macnoise in 1627, renders itthus: " He was the first that ever dyed in Ireland, of whom Ard- Leyrenn (where he died, and was interred) took the name."
f Sliabh Beatha: i. e. Bith's Mountain. Now anglice Slieve Beagh, a mountain on the confines
of the counties of Fermanagh and Monaghan
Seethe second part of these Annals, note", under the year 1501, p. 1260.
8 Cam of Sliabh Beatha — This earn still exists, and is situated on that part of the mountain of Slieve Beagh which extends across a portion of the parish of Clones belonging to the county of Fermanagh. — See note n, under A. D. 1593. If
Ric-shachca
[2527-
paiciop in pliab. Clcbach Ceapoip i cCuil Cfppa hi cConDachcaib, 50 po habnachc hi cCapn Cfppa. lp 6 pioncoin cpa peapc pioncoin op Loch Ofipjoeipc.
O Oilmo 50 po gab papralon 6pe 278, -\ aoip Domain an can Do piachc ince, 2520.
Qoip Domain an can cainij papcalon i nGpmn, Da mile cuicc ceD •] pice bliabom. Clciao na coipij baDap laip, Slamge, Laijlinne -\ Rubpmbe, a cpf mfic, Dealccnac, Nepba, Ciocba, -\ CfpbnaD a ccfceopa mna.
Qoip Domain, Da mile cuijj ceo pice a pfchc. pea mac Uopcon, mic Spu DO 65 an bliabompi hi TTluij pea, i po ha&nachc i nOolpoib TTloije pea, conab uaba ainmnijceap an maj.
Qoip Domain, Da mile cuicc ceo cpiocha. lp an mbliabainpe po cuipfb in chfo each i n6pinn .1. Cioccal ^pijfncopach, mac <5ui^lj ™'c <5aipk opo- mopchuib, i a rhacaip cangacop i nGpinn, occ ccfo a lion, 50 po cinpfb cac
this earn be ever explored, it may furnish evi- dences of the true period of the arrival of Bith.
11 Carn-Ceasra, in Connaught 0' Flaherty
states in his Ogygia, part iii. c. i., that Knock- mea, a hill in the barony of Clare, and county of Galway, is thought to be this Carn-Ceasra, and that Cuil-Ceasra was near it. This hill has on its summit a very ancient earn, or sepulchral heap of stones ; but the name of Ceasair is not remembered in connexion with it, for it is believed that this is the earn of Finnbheara, who is believed by the peasantry to be king of the fairies of Connaught. Giraldus Cambrensis states (ubi supra) that the place where Ceasair was buried was called Ccesarce tumulus in his own time : " Littus igitur in quo navis ilia primum applicuit, nauicularum littus vocatur, & in quo prafata tumulata est Csesara usque hodie Caesarae tumulus nominatur." But O'Fla- herty's opinion must be wrong, for in Eochaidh O'Flynn's poem on the early colonization of Ireland, as in the Book of Leinster, fol. 3, Carn- Ceasra is placed "op 6uiU mfpr-aib" over the fruitful [River] Boyle. It is distinctly stated
in the Leabhar Gabhala of the O'Clerys that Carn- Ceasair was on the bank of the River Boyle [6uill], and that Cuil-Ceasra was in the same neighbourhood. Cuil-Ceasra is mentioned in the Annals of Kilronan, at the year 1571, as on the River Boyle.
i Feart-Fintan : i. e. Fintain's Grave. This place, which was . otherwise called Tultuine, is described as in the territory of Aradh, over Loch Deirgdheirc, now Lough Derg, an expan- sion of the Shannon, between Killaloe and Por- tumna. According to a wild legend, preserved in Leabhar-na-h- Uidhri, in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, this Fintan survived the Deluge, and lived till the reign of Dermot, son of Fergus Ceirbheoil, having during this period undergone various transmigrations ; from which O'Flaherty infers that the Irish Druids held the doctrine of the Metempsychosis : " Ex hao autem fabula colligere est Pythagoricae ac Pla- tonics; scholse de animarum migratione, seu in queevis corpora reditu deliramenta apud Ethni- cos nostros viguisse." — Ogygia, p. 4.
This Fintan is still remembered in the tradi-
2527.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
the mountain is named. Ceasair died at Cuil-Ceasra, in Connaught, and was interred in Carn-Ceasra". From Fintan is [named] Feart-Fintain', over Loch Deirgdheirc.
From the Deluge until Parthalon took possession of Ireland 278 years ; and the age of the world when he arrived in it, 2520.
The age of the world" when Parthalon came into Ireland, 2520 years. These were the chieftains who were with him : Slainge, Laighlinne, and Rudh- raidhe, his three sons ; Dealgnat, Nerbha, Ciochbha, and Cerbnad, their four wives.
The Age of the World, 2527. Fea, son of Torton, son of Sru, died this year at Magh-Fea', and was interred at Dolrai-Maighe-Fea ; so that it was from him the plain is named.
The Age of the World, 2530. In this year the first battle was fought in Ireland ; i. e. Cical Grigenchosach, son of Goll, son of Garbh, of the Fomorians, and his mother1", came into Ireland, eight hundred in number, so that a battle was fought between them [and Parthalon's people] at Sleamhnai-Maighe-Ithe",
ticms of the country as the Mathusalem of Ire- land ; and it is believed in Connaught that he was a saint, and that he was buried at a locality called Kilfintany, in the south of the parish of Kilcommon, barony of Erris, and county of Mayo. Dr. Hanmer says that this traditional fable gave rise to a proverb, common in Ireland in his own time, " If I had lived Fintati^s years, I could say much."
k The age of the world. — The Annals of Clon- macnoise synchronize the arrival of Parthalon with the twenty-first year of the age of the Patriarch Abraham, and the twelfth year of the reign of Semiramis, Empress of Assyria, A. M. 1969, or 313 years after the Flood. O'Flaherty adopts this chronology in his Ogygia, part iii. c. ii. Giraldus Cambrensis writes that " Bartholanus Sera: films de stirpe Japhet filii Noe" came to Ireland in the three hundredth year after the Deluge.
1 Magh-Fea : i. e. Fea's Plain. This was the name of a level plain in the present barony of
Forth, and county of Carlow. Keating states in his History of Ireland (reign of Olioll Molt) that the church of Cill-Osnadha (now Kellis- town), four (large Irish) miles to the east of Leighlin, was situated in this plain. The barony of Forth, or O'Nolan's country, comprised all this plain, and was from it called Fotharta-Fea, to distinguish it from the barony of Forth in the county of "Wexford, which was called Fotharta-an-Chairn, from Carnsore Point.
m His mother: a rhucaip. Dr. O'Conor prints this math oir, and translates it " Duces Orien- tales," which shews that he did not take the trouble to compare the older accounts of this story. It is stated in the Leabhar Gabhala of the O'Clerys, and in Keating's History of Ireland, that this Cical and his mother, Lot Luaimneach, had been in Ireland before Partholan. — See Haliday's edition, p. 167.
11 Sleamhnai Maighe-Ithe. — This was the name of a place near Lough Swilly, in the barony of Raphoe, and county of Donegal ; but it is now
emecnw. [2532.
fcoppa h, Slfmno,b TTl«,5e hire 50 po meboib pop ™ F°™P»'bh P'a bPaT" calon, 50 Po mapbaiD uile, conab e each TTlui5he hlrhe mnpn.
doir Domom, Dd mile cuicc cfo cpioca a66. Uomaiom Locha Con,n Locha Cecheac ipin mbliabainp.
QOT oomom, oa mile cu,cc ceao cpiocha acpf. Slainje mac paprolam oecc ipn mbliabamp.n po habnachr h, ccapn Slebe Slansa. ComaiDn. Coca TTIerc beop ipn bliabam cfona.
ao,r Domoin, Da mile cui5 ceD cpicha acu,5. La^linDe mac papralom Df5 ipan mbliabainp. Qn can po clap a pfpc ar ann po mebaib Loch Laig- linne i nUib mac Uaip, conab uaba ammmjcfp. Uoma.bm Locha h6achcpa
bfop.
Qoir Domom, od mile cui5 ceD cfcpaca a cui5. Ruopuibe mac papra- lom DO bachab i Loc ttubpuibe, mp ccomaiom in locha raipif, conab uaba paicfp Loch Rubpuije.
Qoir oomoin, od mile cuig cfo cfrpacha apS. Hlupcola bpfna Fo cfp if in mbliabamfi, conab e an f fchrmab loch comaibm po mebaib i naimpp Papraldm, i ap oopbe ap ainm Loch Cuan.
Qoip Domain, Da mile 61115 ceo caoga. papralon Decc pop Sfnmoij elca Gaoaip ipm mbliabomp. Q naimpip jabala papcalom Ro plfccoic na muijepi : ace na ma m pff caice bliabna dipibe in po plfchcoiD. TTlag
obsolete. Magh-Ithe is the name of a plain in rum, at 24th March, pp. 742, 744. The earn of
the barony of Raphoe, along the River Finn — Slainge is still to be seen on the summit of
See Colgan's Trias Thaum., pages 114, 181. Slieve-Donard, and forms a very conspicuous
0 Loch Con. — A large lake in the barony of object. The hero Slainge is now forgotten by
Tirawley, and county of Mayo. tradition, but the memory of St. Donard is still
p Loch Techeat. — Now Lough Gara, near Boyle, held in great veneration throughout the barony
on the borders of the counties of Roseommon of Iveagh and the Mourne mountains. Archdall
and Sligo __ See note k, under A. D. 1256, p. 357. (Monasticon, p. 733) commits the double error of
q Sliabh Slangha. — This was the ancient name confounding Sliabh-Domhanghairt with Carn-
ofSliabh Domhanghairt, or Slieve Donard, in the sore point, on the south coast of Wexford, and
south-east of the county of Down. Giraldus of supposing the latter gentle promontory to be
Cambrensis says that it was called Mons Domi- " a very high mountain which overhangs the
nici in his own time, from a St. Deminicus who sea."
built a noble monastery at the foot of it. — Top. ' Loch-Mesc. — Now Lough-Mask, a large and
Hib., dist. iii. c. 2. This was St. Domhanghart, beautiful lake near Ballinrobe, in the county of
and the monastery is Maghera. — See Colgan's Mayo.
Trias Thaum., p. 114 n, 131 ; and Acta Sancto- s Loch-Laighlinne. — This lake is mentioned
2532.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 7
where the Fomorians were defeated by Parthalon, so that they were all slain. This is called the battle of Magh-Ithe.
The Age of the World, 2532. The eruption of Loch Con° and Loch Techeat" in this year.
The Age of the World, 2533. Slainge, son of Partholan, died in this year, and was interred in the earn of Sliabh Slangha". Also the eruption of Loch Mescr in the same year.
The Age of the World, 2535. Laighlinne, son of Parthalon, died in this year. When his grave was dug, Loch Laighlinne' sprang forth in Ui Mac Uais, and from him it is named. The eruption of Loch Eachtra' also.
The Age of the World, 2545. Rudhruidhe, son of Parthalon, was drowned in Loch Kudhruidhe", the lake having flowed over him; and from him the lake is called.
The Age of the World, 2546. An inundation of the sea over the land at Brena" in this year, which was the seventh lake-eruption that occurred in the time of Parthalon; and this is named Loch Cuan.
The Age of the World, 2550. Parthalon died on Sean Magh-Ealta-Eadair1 in this year. In the time of Parthalon's invasion these plains were cleared [of wood] ; but it is not known in what particular years they were cleared :
in the Leabhar-Gabhala, and by Keating and in the south-west of the county of Donegal. O'Flaherty, as in Ui Mac Uais Breagh, a district w Brena. — This is called /return Brennese in in Eastmeath, to the south-west of Tara. This the second and fourth Lives of St. Patrick, pub- lake has not been identified. lished by Colgan. — See Trias Thaum., pp. 14, 19,
1 Loch-Eachtra, — This lake is referred to in 39. It was evidently the ancient name of the
the Chronicon Scotorum as situated between mouth of Strangford Lough, in the county of
Sliabh Modhurn and Sliabh Fuaid; and Keating Down, as the lake formed by the inundation
and O'Flaherty place it in Oirghialla. There is was Loch Cuan, which is still the Irish name of
no remarkable lake between Sliabh Mudhorn Strangford Lough.
and Sliabh Fuaid, except Loch Mucnamha at x Sean-Mhagh Eaha-Edair : i.e. the old Plain
Castleblaney, in the county of Monaghan ; and of the Flocks of Edar : i. e. on the plain after- '
it may be therefore conjectured that it is the wards so called, because Edar was the name of a
Loch Echtra in question. Sliabh Mudhorn is chieftain who nourished many centuries later,
in the barony of Cremorne, in the county of —See Ogygia, part iii. c. 44. The name appears
Monaghan ; and Sliabh Fuaid is near Newtown to have been applied to the plain extending from
Hamilton, in the county of Armagh. Binn-Edair, or the Hill of Howth, to Tallaght.
u Loch Rudhruidhe : i. e. Rury's Lake. This Keating states that this was the only plain in
was the name of the mouth of the River Erne, Ireland not covered with wood, when the coun-
8 ctNNata Rio^bachra eiReaNN. [2820.
nGirpije, la Connocra, TTlaj nlre, la Laijniu ; TTlas Lfi, la hlM mac Uaip bpfj ; ITlaj Lacapna, la Dal nGpuiDe.
Goip oorhoin, Da mile ochc ccfo pice bliaban. Naoi TTlile Do ecc ppi haoinpfchcmam Do mumceji papcalom pop pfnmaish ealca Gaooip .1. cuig TTKle opfpoib, -] ceirpe mile Do mndibh. Conab De pin aca Uaimleachc muincepe papralam. Upf cfo bliabam po cairpioc i nGpinn.
Gpe pap cpiochac bliabam 50 rcainicc Neimioh.
Qoip oomoin, Da mile ochr ccfb caocca. Neirmb Do cechr in nGpinn. Ip an oapa la Decc lap ccechc DO NeimiD co na rhumcip acbac ITlacha bfn Neimib. Qciao annpo na cfqia haipij bacap laip, Soapn, lapbamel POID, peapjup Leiroepg,"] QinDinD. Ceirpe meic NeimiD iaopi6e. TTleDu, TTlacha, ^ba, i Cfpa, cfcfopa mnd na naipeachpin.
Ctoip Domom, Da mfle occ ccfo caoja anaoi. 1pm mbliaDoinpi po mebaib Loc nOaipbpfc -\ Coch nQinninD hi ITliDe.
Qnacc annpo na Racha po coccbaoh, na moije po plfchrab, ~\ na locha po comaiDmpar mo aimpip NemiD,5en 50 bpojcop bliabna painpfoacha poppa. l?ach Cino ech i nUibh Niallain ; Rach Ciombaoic hi Seimne, TTlagh Cfpa,
try was first discovered by Ninus, son of Belus. by the Ecv. William Reeves, M. B., M. R. I. A.,
Clontarf is referred to as a part of it. pp. 55, 87, 264, 324, 338. For the extent of
i Magh-n-Eithrighe. — In the Chronicon Scoto- Dal Araidhe, see the same work, pp. 334 to 348 ;
rum this is called Magh-Tuiredh, alias Magh and the second part of these Annals, note °,
n-Edara. There are two Magh-Tuiredhs in under the year 1174, p. 13. Giraldus Cambrensis
Connaught, one near Cong, in the county of also mentions the cutting down of four forests
Mayo, and the other near Lough Arrow, in the in the time of Bartholanus, and adds that in his
county of Sligo. own time there were more woods than plains in
1 Magh-Ithe, in Leinster — Not identified. Ireland : " Sed etiam adhuc hodie, respectu
* Magh-Lii, in Ui-Mac- Uais-Breagh — This sylvarum, pauca sunt hie campestria." Sir
is a mistake for Magh-Lii in Ui-Mac-Uais. It Robert Kane, in the nineteenth century, had to
was the name of a territory extending from Bir complain of the very contrary—See his Indus-
to Camus, on the west side of the River Bann, trial Resources of Ireland, 2nd edition, p. 3. See
where the Fir-Lii, a section of the descendants Boate's Natural History of Ireland, 8vo. London,
of Colla Uais, settled at an early period. There 1652, chap, xv., which accounts for the diminu-
was no Magh-Lii in Breagh. tion of timber in Ireland « by the incredible
" Magh-Latliarna : i. e. the Plain of Larne.— quantity consumed in the iron works, and by the
is was the name of a tuagh or district com- exportation of pipe staves in whole ship loads."
prised in the present barony of Upper Glenarm, —See Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar-
and county of Antrim — See Eccles. Antiquities Connaught, p. 8, note '.
of the Dioceses of Down and Connor and Dromore, 'Taimhleacht-Muintire-Parthalom.-O'm^Ttj
2820.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 9
Magh-n-Eithrighey, in Connaught ; Magh-Ithe, in Leinsterz ; Magh-Liia, in Ui-Mac-Uais-Breagh ; Magh-Latharna", in Dal-Araidhe.
The Age of the World, 2820. Nine thousand of Parthalon's people died in one week on Sean-Mhagh-Ealta-Edair, namely, five thousand men, and four thousand women. Whence is [named] Taimhleacht Muintire Parthaloin0. They had passed three hundred years in Ireland.
Ireland was thirty years waste till Neimhidh's arrival.
The Age of the World, 2850. Neimhidh" came to Ireland. On the twelfth day after the arrival of Neimhidh with his people, Macha, the wife of Neimhidh, died. These were the four, chieftains who were with him : Sdarn, larbhainel the Prophet, Fearghus Leithdheirg, and Ainninn. These were the four sons of Neimhidh. Medu, Macha, Yba, and Ceara, were the four wives of these chieftains.
The Age of the World, 2859. In this year Loch Dairbhreach6 and Loch Ainninnf in Meath sprang forth.
These were the forts that were erected, the plains that were cleared, and the lakes that sprang forth, in the time of Neimhidh, but the precise years8 are not found for them : Kath-Cinnechh, in Ui-Niallain ; Rath-Cimbaeith', in
states that a monastery was afterwards erected a large and beautiful lake, near Castlepollard,
at this place, and that it is situated three miles in the county of Westmeath.
to the south of Dublin. — See Ogygia, part iii. f Loch Ainninn Now Lough Ennell, near
c. 5. It is the place now called Tallaght, and Mullingar. — See note n, under the year 1446, some very ancient tumuli are still to be seen p. 949, in the second part of these Annals. on the hill there. The word caimleacr, or « The precise years : i. e. the precise years in ramlacc, signifies a place where a number of which such forts were erected, plains cleared, persons, cut off by the plague, were interred &c., have not been recorded. Dr. O'Conor together — See Cormac's Glossary, in voce Oairii- translates this : " quousque experti sunt annos leacc. The word frequently enters into the pestilentiales contra se," which is not the mean- topographical names in Ireland, and is anglicised ing intended by the Four Masters. Tamlaght, Tawlaght, and Tallaght. " Rath-Cinnech. — There is no place now bear-
d Neimhidh. — In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, ing this name in the baronies of Ui-Niallain or
as translated by Connell Mageoghegau, the arri- Oneilland, in the county of Armagh, val of " Nevie with his fower sonnes into Ireland ' Rath-Cimbaoith : i. e. Kimbaeth's Fort This
out of Greece," is synchronized with the latter name is now obsolete. The position of the plain
end of the reign of Altades, monarch of Assyria, of Seimhne is determined by Kinn-Seimhne,
O'Flaherty places it in A. M. 2029. i. e. the point or promontory of Seimhne, the
' LochDairbhreach — NowLoughDerryvaragh, ancient name of Island-Magee, in the county of
10
[3066.
TTIaj nGaba, TTlagh Chu,le rotab, n TTla5h Lu,p5 hi cConoachcoib ; Tlla5 codhcnp , cUlp eo5a,n; Lcasmag , TTlumain ; TTIa5h m6pfnra , Lai5n,bh ; TTla5h Luja&i nU,BCu,pcpe; TTla5h SepeDh, rUecba; TTla5h Semne i nOal Qnuibe; Hla* mu.pcemne i cConaille ; -| Hlaj TTlacha la hdipjiallmb. Loch Cal i nUib Nialldin, 1 Loch TTlumpfihoip hi Luijnib hi Sleb ^uaipe. Carh TTlupbuils i nOdl Riaoa. Cach bojna, -, each Cnampoppa, pop pomoipib. T?o bpip Nemib laopibe.
Ctcbach NemiD mpom DO camh i ccpich Liacdm i TTlumain cpi mile map aon pip mo oilen Qpoa t^emfo.
Qoip Domain, cpf mile pfpcoc ape. Cosail cuip Conamn ipm mbliaDampi la piol NeimiD pop Conainn mac paobaip, i pop pomopib ap cfna a noiojail jac Docpaioe Da ccapopac poppa, arhail ap pollup ipm cpoimc oa ngoipcfp
Antrim. — See Reeves's Eccles. Antiq. of the Dio- ceses of Down and Connor and Dromore, p. 270. k Magh-Ceara. — A plain in the barony of Carra, in the county of Mayo.
I Magh-n-Eabha Now Machaire-Eabha, an-
glicc Magherow, a plain situated between the mountain of Binbulbin and the sea, in the ba- rony of Carbery, and county of Sligo.
m Magh-CuUe-Toladh. — A plain in the barony of Kilmaine, and county of Mayo.
n Magh-Luirg. — A plain in the barony of Boyle, and county of Roscommon. — See note e, under A. D. 1187.
° Magh-tochair : i. e. Plain of the Causeway. This was the name of a plain at the foot of Sliabh-Sneacht, anglice Slieve Snaght, in the barony of Inishowen, and county of Donegal, which was anciently a part of Tir-Eoghain or Tyrone. The church of Domhnachmor-Muighe- tochair, near the village of Carn-Donagh, is referred to in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick as in this plain.
P Leagmhagh, in Munster. — Not identified.
II Magh m-Brensa — Unknown.
' Magh-Lughadh : i. e. Lughadh's Plain, a dis- trict near Lough Neagh ; but this name is now obsolete. — See note ", under the year 1218.
s Magh-Seredh.— See the year 738, where this place is said to be Ceanannus, i. e. Kells, between the two Teffias.
1 Magh-Seimhne. — See Rath-Cimbaoith, notef, supra.
u Magh-Muirtheimlme. — A level country, in the present county of Louth, extending from the River Boyne to the mountains of Cuailgne or Carlingford. Dundalk, Louth, Drumiskin, Faughard, and Monasterboice, are mentioned as in this plain. — See the Annals of Tighernach, A. D. 1002 ; Ussher's Primordia, pp. 627, 705, 827, 902. This territory was otherwise called Machaire-Oirghiall, and Conaille-Muirtheimhne. —See A.D. 1434, 1452, 1466, and I486.
w Magh-Macha. — This was the ancient name of the plain in which the town of Armagh is situated. It is more usually called Machaire-
Arda-Macha, i. e. the Plain of Armagh See
A. D. 1103, 1196, and 1424.
x Loch-Col. — Now Lough Gall, a small lake, giving name to a village in the barony of West Oneilland (Ui-Niallain), county of Armagh.
* Loch-Muinreamhair. — Now Lough Ramor, near Virginia, in the barony of Castlerahin, and county of Cavan. Luighne was an extensive territory in ancient Meath. The name is still
3066.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
11
Seimhne; Magh-Ceara", Magh n-Eabha1, Magh-Cuile-Toladhm, and Magh-Luirg", in Connaught; Magh-tochair0, in Tir-Eoghain; Leagmhagh, in Munsterp; Magh m-Brensaq, in Leinster ; Magh-Lughadhr, in Ui-Tuirtre; Magh-Seredh1, in Teffia; Magh-Seimhne', in Dal-Araidhe ; Magh-Muirtheimhne11, in Conaille ; and Magh- Macha", in Oirghialla ; Loch-Calx, in Ui-Niallain ; Loch-Muinreamhairy, in Luighne, in Sliabh Guairez. The battle of Murbholg", in Dal-Riada ; the battle of Baghnab; and the battle of Cnamh-Rossc against the Fomorians. Neimhidh gained these [battles].
Neimhidh afterwards died of a plague, together with three thousand persons, in the island of Ard-Neimhidhd, in Crich Liathain8, in Munster.
The Age of the World, 3066. The demolition of the tower of Conainnf in this year, by the race of Neimhidh, against Conainn, son of Faebhar, and the Fomorians in general, in revenge for all the oppression they had inflicted upon them [the race of Neimhidh], as is evident from the chronicle which is called
retained in the barony of Lune, but the territory was far more extensive than this barony.
1 Sliabh Guaire. — This is still the name of a mountainous district in the barony of Clankee, and county of Cavan — See Loch-Suidhe-Odh- rain, A. D. 1054.
a Murbholg : i. e. Sea-inlet. Now Murlough Bay, on the north-east coast of the barony of Gary, and county of Antrim. Dalriada was the ancient name of that part of the county of An- trim lying north of Sliabh Mis, or Slemmish.
b Baghna. — This is still the name of a moun- tainous district in the east of the county of Roscommon, nearly coextensive with the ba- rony of Ballintober, North — See Sliabh Baghna, A. D. 1572, and Tribes and Customs of Hy- Many, p. 90, note ".
0 Cnanih-Ross : i. e. Wood of the Bones. This was probably the ancient name of Camross, near Barry's Cross, in the county of Carlow.
AThe island of Ard- Neimhidh — NowBarrymore Island, otherwise the Great Island, near Cork. — See Keating's History of Ireland, Haliday's edition, p. 178.
C
e Crich-Liathain — A large district in the county of Cork, comprising the village of Castle- Lyons, and the Great Island near Cork — See note c, under A. D. 1579, p. 1722.
f Tor-Conainn — Called Tor-Conaing by Keat- ing, and in the more ancient copies of the Leabhar Gabhala, where the story of the destruction of it is given at full length. It was situated on Tory Island, off the north-west coast of the county of Donegal. There is no tradition of this Conainn, or Conaing, on Tory Island at present ; but there are most curious traditions of Balor. Giraldus Cambrensis calls the Fomorians " Gygantes (quibus tune temporis abundabat insula)", and " pyrati, qui Hiberniam grauiter depopulari con- sueuerant." In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, as translated by Connell Mageoghegan, it is said that " these Ffomores were a sept descended from Cham, the sonne of Noeh ; that they lived by pyracie and spoile of other nations, and were in those days very troublesome to the whole world." —See A. M. 3330, infra. O'Flaherty thinks that they were the inhabitants of Denmark, Norway, Finland, &c — See Ogygia, part iii. c. 56, p. 303.
aNNCtca RioTjnacncu eiKtsuNN. [3266.
I — **
Leabap Cabala, -] ap puaill nac copcpacop comcuicim ofblmibh gen mo cao na cpf ofichneaboip ceapnacop DO clamo Nerino po aipoib in Domain 50 pan- jacop Gpinn lap ccpioll ma bpepaib bolcc. 86 bliaDna oecc Da cfo po caic Nemio co na pfol mo 6pmn. 6pe pap mppin pe Da cfo bliabam.
Qoip Domain, cpf mile Da cfo pepccac ape. pip bolcc Do jabail Gipionn a bpoipcfno na bliaDna po. Slainje, ^ano, ^enann, Seangann, -] PuDpuije a ccoig coipij. Cuig meic Oeala mic Loicb laopom. Ro pfojpac an cfrpop oile i pip bolcc ap cfna Slamse uaipcib.
of the Annals of Clonmacnoise as follows :
" After making of which division [of Ireland into five provinces], Slane, their said elder bro- ther, by the consent and election of his other foure brothers, was chosen king, and was the first king that ever absolutely ruled Ireland."
Keating quotes the Book of Druim-Sneachta, which he says existed before the time of St. Pa- trick, as authority for these stories concerning the migration of these Firbolgs from Greece — See Haliday's edition, pp. 186, 214.
The account of the division of Ireland into provinces by these five brothers has been totally omitted by the Four Masters in their Annals. It is given in all the copies of the Leabhar- Gabhala, in the Annals of Clonmacnoise ; and in Keating's History of Ireland. It is given as fol- lows in the Annals of Clonmacnoise :
" This sept was called Ffirvolge ; there were five brothers that were their chieftains, the sonnes of Dela mac Loich, that first divided Ire- land into five provinces.
" 1. Slane, their eldest brother, had the pro- vince of Leynster for his part, which containeth from Inver Colpe, that is to say, where the River of Boyne entereth into the sea, now called in Irish Drogheda, to the meeting of the three Waters, by Waterford, where the Three Rivers, Suyre, Ffeoir, and Barrow, do meet and run to- gether into the sea.
" 2. Gann, the second brother's part was South Munster, which is a province extending from
8 The Leabhar-Gabhala: i. e. the Book of Inva- sions. There are various copies of this work still extant, of which the oldest seems to be that in the Stowe Library, described by Dr. O' Conor in the Stowe Catalogue. There is a fragment of an ancient copy contained in the Book of Leinster, in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 18, but it wants the beginning.
b Mutually fell by each other : i. e. they mutu- ally slaughtered each other almost to annihila- tion. Dr. O'Conor renders this : " Et mirum est non occisos fuisse simul interfectos ex utra- que parte plures quam triginta." But he is clearly wrong, for in the ancient Irish ap puaill nac is the same as the modern if beaj nac. The mistakes of this kind throughout Dr. O'Conor's translation are countless, and the Editor shall, therefore, only notice the most remarkable of them.
' Two hundred and sixteen years, $c. — Giraldus Cambrensis, in his Topog. Hib., dist. iii. c. 3, agrees with this, which shews that this account of Neimhidh was then written: "Ducentis igitur & 16 annisNemedi generatio Hiberniam tenuit: & ducentis postmodum annis vacua fuit."
k The other four, $c — Dr. O'Conor translates this : " Kegnaverunt quatuor alii et Firbolgi similiter, Slangio supra ipsos regnante." But he totally mistakes the construction. It should be : " Ordinaverunt quatuor alii et Firbolgi similiter Slangium [regem] supra ipsos." Con- nell Mageoghegan renders it in his translation
3266.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
13
Leabhar-Gabhala8 ; and they -nearly all mutually fell by each other" ; thirty persons alone of the race of Neimhidh escaped to different quarters of the world, and they came to Ireland some time afterwards as Firbolgs. Two hundred and sixteen years' Neimhidh and his race remained in Ireland. After this Ireland was a wilderness for a period of two hundred years.
The Age of the World, 3266. The Firbolgs took possession of Ireland at the end of this year. Slainghe, Gann, Genann, Seangann, and Rudhraighe, were their five chieftains. These were the five sons of Deala, son of Loich. The other four" and the Firbolgs in general elected Slainge as king over them.
that place to Bealagh-Conglaissy.
"3. Seangann, the third brother's part was from Bealagh-Conglaissy to Rossedahaileagh [Rop oa paileac], now called Limbricke, which is the province of North Munster.
" 4. Geanann, the fourth brother, had the province of Connaught, containeing from Lim- bricke to Easroe.
" 5. Rorye, the fifth brother, and youngest, had from Easroe aforesaid to Inver Colpe, which is the province of Ulster."
The account of the division of Ireland into five provinces by the Firbolgs is also given in Dr. Lynch's manuscript translation of Keating's History of Ireland, as follows :
" Firbolgi illi quinque Dinastsc Hiberniam universam in quinque partiti sunt portiones. Slanius inter fratres natu primus, qui Slanio flumiiii Wexfordia; adfluenti nomen fecit, sibi Lageniam ab Inbhercolpa Droghedach alias Va- dipontem ad Trium Aquarum Confluvia excur- rentem, et comitum mille viros adscivit. Ganno e Comitibus mille, nee non Australis Momonia, quidquid nimirum agrorum inter Trium Aqua- rum Confluvia et Belaghconglas Limbricum pa- tet, cesserant. Ad Senganum tractus a Belach- conglas et Limbrico protensus in occidentem, cum mille viris sorte devenit. Mille alij Gana- num prosecuti sunt, cum traditse sibi Conacise, qua Limbricum ab Austro, Drovisiam ab Aqui- lone, pro metis habet, possessionem adiret. As-
signatum sibi Vltoniam a Drovisia ad Vadipon- tem porrectam capescivit Ruarius, eo etiam mille hominum colonia deductIL
" Hi quini Dinastee Comitesque Firbolgi, Fir- domnani, et Galeoni dicti sunt : Firbolgi ab utribus ferendis, Fir enim hibernice viros, et Bolg utres significat, alluditque vox ad vtres illos supra memoratos, quibus egestam ab ipsis humo mergam ad scabra saxceta, et ferendis frugibus inepta, quo feracia invaderent novalia, comportarunt. Firdomnani vero propterea nun- cupabantur, quod fodientes in terrain alte de- scenderant, Etenim Hibernica vox ootiju'" perinde est ac altum, sive profundum. Galeoni autem nominati sunt ab hastarum genere, quibus intentos operi socios ab hostium injury's prote- gebant. In Hiberniam licet eadem Hebdomada, non tamen eodem die Firbolgi omnes appule- runt. Slanius ad Slanij Fluvii ostia, die Saba- thi ; Die uero Martis Gannus & Senganus in Irisdomnam, Gannanus et Ruarius die Veneris Trachruris naves applicuerunt. Qui omnes quanquam communi nomine Firbolgorum voce innotescerent, peculiar! tamen nomine Slani Comites Galeones, Ganni et Sengani Firbolgorij, Ruairci et Genani Socij Firdomnani vocabantur : Gannanum quidem et Ruarium, nonnulli tra- dunt, ad fluvij Damnani, qui, qua fluit ad Cona- ciam Caurus in oceanum se exonerat, Ostia primum appulisse ac flumini nomen fecisse." — Page 58.
14 awwata Rioshachca emeaNN. [3267-
Qo,r Domain, qii mfle Da ceD peapccac a peachc. Slamje mac Oeala DO bach , pise 6plonn ppf pe aombliaDna, "] a ecc , poipcfnn na Urn! i nOionn Rij pop bpu bfpba.
ao,r Domom, cpf mile Da ceD peapccac a hocc. RuDpuiDe mac Dealc oo 5abail pfje nGpeanD. On ceo bliabam Dm pije mnpin.
do,r Domain, cpf mae Da ceo peapcac anaoi. Qn Dapa bliaDom Do pije T?u6pui6e, •] a ecc i bpoipaonn na blia&na po.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceo pfchrmojac. Qn ceo bliaDain Do pije
^ainn -| 5eaTiainn °T ^pmn mnpn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceD pechrmosac a cpf. Qn cfcpamaD bliaDain DO 5ann -] DO ^eanann, -\ a necc Do cam a bpoipcfno na bliaDna po hi ccpic Liacam co ppicic ceD ap aon piu.
Qoip Domoin, cpi mile Da ceD pfchcmojac a cfcaip. Qn ceD bliaDain Do pije Shenjaino innpin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceD pfccmojac a hocc. Q bpoipcenD an cuicc- ea6 blia&am DO pije Sfngamn copcoip la piachaiD Cennpionndn mac Scaipn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceD pfccmojac anaoi. Qn ceo bliaoam Do pije piacach Cennpionndn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceo occmojac a cpf. Qn cuicceao bliaDain Do pi£e piaca, i a chuicim la TCionnal mac 5ear)01riri an blia&ainpi.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceD occmojac a cfcaip. Qn ceo bliaDain Do pije Rionnail mic ^eanoinn pop 6pmn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceD occmojac anaoi. lap bpopbaD an peipeab bliaDain Do Rionndl ip an pige, copchoip la pombgen mac Senghainn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceo nochac. Qn ceo bliaDain Do pije poi&bjen.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceD nochac acpf. Q bpoipcfnn an cfcpamaD bliaDain Do pije poi&bgen Do pochaip la hGocaiD mac Gpc.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile Da ceo nochac a cfcaip. Qn ceD bliaDain Do pijjhe Gch&ac mic Gpc inopin.
1 Dinn-Righ : i. e. the Hill of the Kings, other- well known. It is situated in the townland of
wise called Dumha-Slainge, i. e. Slainge Mound. Bally knockan, about a quarter of a mile to the
This was a very ancient seat of the kings of south of Leighlin-Bridge, near the west bank of
Leinster. Keating describes its situation as on the River Barrow. Nothing remains of the pa-
the brink of the River Bearbha [the Barrow], lace but a moat, measuring two hundred and
between Carlow and Leighlin. This place is still thirty-seven yards in circumference at the base,
3267.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 15
The Age of the World, 3267. Slainghe, son of Deala, was king of Ireland for a period of one year ; and he died at the end of the year, at Dinn-Righ', on the brink of the Bearbha.
The Age of the World, 3268. Rudhraighe, son of Deala, assumed the government of Ireland. This is the first year of his reign.
The Age of the World, 3269. The second year of the reign of Rudhraighe ; and he died™ at the end of this year.
The Age of the World, 3270. This was the first year of the reign of Gann and Geanann over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3273. The fourth year of Gann and Geanann ; and they died at the end of this year, with twenty hundred along with them, in Crich-Liathain".
The Age of the World, 3274. This was the first year of the reign of Sengann.
The Age of the World, 3278. At the end of the fifth year of the reign of Seangann, he fell by Fiachaidh Cennfinnan, son of Starn.
The Age of the World, 3279. The first year of the reign of Fiacha Cenn- finnain.
The Age of the World, 3283. The fifth year of the reign of Fiacha. And he fell by Rinnal, son of Geanann, this year.
The Age of the World, 3284. The first year of the reign of Rinnal, son of Geanann, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3289. After the completion of the fifth year of his reign by Rinnal, he fell by Foidhbhgen, son of Seangann.
The Age of the World, 3290. The first year of the reign of Foidhbhgen.
The Age of the World, 3293. At the end of the fourth year of the reign of Foidhbhgen, he fell by Eochaidh, son of Ere.
The Age of the World, 3294. This was the first year of the reign of Eochaidh, son of Ere.
sixty-nine feet in height from the level of the n Crich-Liathain — A district in the county of
River Barrow, and one hundred and thirty-five Cork, containing the village of Castlelyons, and
feet in diameter at top. the Great Island near Cork. According to Keat-
m Died. — According to Keating and the Lea- ing and O'Flaherty, Gann and Geanann died of
bhar-Gabhala, he died at Brugh, over the River the plague at Freamhain, in Meath, now Frewin,
Boyne. a lofty hill near Mullingar, in Westmeath.
UNNU.CU. KIWQI nj.v^i iwj. 6IR6QNN. [ooUo.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cpi ceo acpf. Qn oechmab bliabain Do pije 6achba6 mic Gpc, -\ ap ipibe bliaDam ofibfnach a plaiaupa, uaip ean5acap Cuacha Oe Oanonn DO 5abail 6peqnn pop pfpoib bolcc co ccapopac cac Dia poile pop TTlaij cuipfb hi Conmaicne Chuile Colab i cConoachcaib, ^up po mapbab an pi Gochaib mac Gpc la cpib macoib Neimib mic babpai Do Cuachaib De Oanonn, Ceapapb, Luam, i Luacpa a nanmanna. Ro DIOC- laicpishfb Pip bolcc ipm cac pin, i po lab a nap. Ro bfnab bfop a lam Do Nuabacc mac Gchbac, mic Gccaplaim, (oon pij po baoi pop CuachaiB Oe Oannann) ipm cac cfona. dpe an cGochaib pempaice Rf Dfibfnac pfp mbolcc. Naonbap po jab pije Diob, -] peace mbliabna Decc ap picic poo a bplaiciupa pop Gpmn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cpi ceD a cfcoip. Qn cfo bliabam Do pije bpepp mic Galacom pop Gpinn, uaip DO pacpac Cuaca Oe Oariann pije Do mp mbpipiob caca TTluije cuipeab Conga, an ccem po baoi lam Nuabac accd leijiup.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cpi ceD a ofich. Qn pfccmab bbabam DO bpep 6p Gpmn mnpm, 50 po pagoib an pije Do Nuabac mp nfoc a laime la Oian- cechc, -] Cpfione cepo 05 congnam laip. Uaip Do pacpaD laim
paip.
Ctoip Domain, cpi mile cpi ceo a haom Decc. Qn cfo blia&gin Do pijhe NuaDac aipjjfclairh cap eip a laime Do caiceam pe pfopa aipgaicc aicleijcfo.
Ctoip Domain, cpi mile cpi ceD cpiocac. Q bpoipcfno pice blia&ain Do
0 Magh-Tuireadh — Otherwise called Magh- and in all the copies of the Ledbhar- Gabhala,
Tuireadh-Conga, from its proximity to Cong. The and by Keating and O'Flaherty. According
site of this battle is still pointed out in the parish to the Leabhar- Gabhala, Eochaidh fled from this
of Cong, barony of Kilmaine, and county of battle, and was pursued and overtaken on the
Mayo, to the right of the road as you go from strand of Traigh-Eothaile, near Ballysadare, in
Cong to the village of the Neal. There is a the present county of Sligo, where he was slain,
detailed but legendary account of this battle in a as mentioned in the text. The earn in which
manuscript, in the handwriting of Gilla-riabhach he was interred is described as one of the won-
O'Clery, preserved in the Library of the British ders of Ireland in the Mirabilia Hibernice, in the
Museum, Harl. 432, Plut. xlviii. E, beginning Book of Ballymote ; and also by O'Flaherty, in
fol. 52 a, line 6. Ogygia, part iii. cc. 10 and 50. This earn still
" Was killed.— Eochaidh, son of Ere, is given as exists, and although not high above the level of
the last of the nine Firbolgic kings in the Annals the strand, it is believed that the tide never can
of Clonmacnoiss as translated by Mageoghegan ; cover it.
3303.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 17
The Age of the World, 3303. The tenth year of the reign of Eochaidh, son of Ere ; and this was the last year of his reign, for the Tuatha-De-Dananns came to invade Ireland against the Firbolgs ; and they gave battle to each other at Magh-Tuireadh°, in Conmaicne-Cuile-Toladh, in Connaught, so that the King Eochaidh, son of Ere, was killed" by the three sons of Neimhidh, son of Badhrai, of the Tuatha-De-Dananns ; Ceasarb, Luamh, and Luachra, their names. The Firbolgs were vanquished and slaughtered" in this battle. Moreover, the handr of Nuadhat, son of Eochaidh, son of Edarlamh (the king who was over the Tuatha-De-Dananns), was cut off in the same battle. The aforesaid Eochaidh was the last king of the Firbolgs. Nine of them had assumed kingship, and thirty-seven years was the length of their sway over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3304. The first year of the reign of Breas, son of Ealathan, over Ireland ; for the Tuatha-De-Danann gave him the sovereignty, after gaining the battle of Magh-Tuireadh Conga, while the hand of Nuadhat was under cure.
The Age of the World, 3310. This was the seventh year of Breas over Ireland, when he resigned the kingdom to Nuadhat, after the cure of his hand by Diancecht, assisted by Creidne, the artificer, for they put a silver hand upon him.
The Age of the World, 3311. The first year of the reign of Nuadhat Airgeatlamh, after his hand had been welded with a piece of refined silver.
The Age of the World, 3330. At the end of the twentieth year of the
"> Slaughtered. — According to the Annals of Tuatha-De-Dananns, that Credne Cerd made a Clonmacnoise, as translated by Connell Mageogh- silver hand for this Nuadhat, and that Dian- egan, the Firbolgs were " overthrown" in this cecht, the -<Esculapius of the Irish, fitted it upon battle, and " one hundred thousand of them him, from which he was ever after known by slaine, with their king, Eochy Mac Eircke, which the name of Nuadhat- Airgetlamh, i. e. Nuadhat was the greatest slaughter that was ever heard of the Silver Hand. It is stated in the Leabhar- of in Ireland at one meeting." From the monu- Gabhala of the O'Clerys that Diancecht and ments of this battle still remaining, it is quite Credne formed the hand with motion in every fin- evident that great numbers were slain; butcer- gerandjoint, and that Miach, the son of Diancecht, tainly not so many as mentioned in the Annals to excel his father, took off this hand, and infused of Clonmacnoise, which was probably taken from feeling and motion into every joint and vein of
some romantic account of this battle, like that it, as if it were a natural hand See O'Fla-
above referred to. herty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 10. In Cormac's Glos-
* The hand. — It is stated in the Battle ofMagh- sary the name of Diancecht is explained " Deus
Tuireadh, and various other accounts of the salulis" .i.oia na h- fee, "the God of curing."
18
[3330.
Nuat>ac Qpsaclaim copcaip i ccac TTluije euipfo na-bpomopac la balop mbailcbemnioch opliomoipib.
s Magh-Tuireadh no, bh-Fomorach. — This name is still remembered in the country, and is now applied to a townland in the parish of Kilmac- tranny, barony of Tirerrill, and county of Sligo. There are very curious sepulchral monuments still to be seen on this battle-field, of which a mi- nute description has been given by Dr. Petrie in a paper read before the Royal Irish Academy in 1836.— See note c, under A. D. 1398. There was also a long account of this battle of the nor- thern Magh-Tuireadh, as well as of that of the southern Magh-Tuireadh, or Magh-Tuireadh- Conga, already mentioned, but the Editor never saw a copy of it. O'Flaherty, who appears to have read it, states (Ogygia, part iii. c. 12) that Balor Benien or Bailcbemnech, general of the Fomorians, was slain in this battle by a stone thrown at him by the son of his daughter, from a machine called tabhall, which is believed to have been a sling; and that Kethlenn, the wife of Balor, fought with desperation, and wounded the Dagda, afterwards king of the Tuatha-De- Dananns, with some missile weapon. This Ba- lor, the general of the Fomorians, is still vividly remembered by tradition throughout Ireland, as 6alop 6eimeann, and in some places they frighten children by his name; but he is more vividly remembered on Tory Island, — where he is believed to have chiefly resided, — and on the opposite coast of Donegal, than anywhere else, except, perhaps, at Cong, in Mayo. The tra- dition connected with Balor, on Tory Island, was written by the Editor in 1835, from the dictation of Shane O'Dugan, whose ancestor is said to have been living on Tory Island in St. Columbkille's time. It is a curious specimen of the manner in which tradition accounts for the. names of places, and remembers the names of historical characters. This story is evidently
founded on facts; but from its having floated on the tide of tradition for, perhaps, three thou- sand years, names have been confounded, and facts much distorted.
The history of Balor runs as follows, as re- lated to the Editor by Shane O'Dugan, one of the O'Dugans of Tory Island:
" In days of yore (a period beyond the reach of chronology, — far back in the night of time) flourished three brothers, Gavida, Mac Samh- thiann, and Mac Kineely (TTlac Cmnpaelaio) the first of whom was a distinguished smith, who held his forge at Drumnatinne, a place in the parish of Eath-Finan, which derived its name from that circumstance, for Opuim na ceme in Irish sounds ridge of the fire in English, alluding to Gavida's furnace. Mac Kineely was lord of that district, comprising the parishes of Rath-Finan and Tullaghobegly, and was pos- sessed of a cow called Glas Gaivlen \recte Glas Gaibhnenn], which was so lactiferous as to be coveted by all his neighbours, and so many at- tempts had been made at stealing her, that he found it necessary to watch her constantly.
"At this same remote period flourished on Tory (an island lying in the ocean opposite Drumnatinne, which received that name from its presenting a towery appearance from the con- tinent of Tir-Connell, and from the many promi- nent rocks thereon, towering into the heavens, and called tors by the natives) a famous warrior, by name Balor, who had one eye in the middle of his forehead, and another directly opposite it, in the back of his skull. This latter eye, by its foul, distorted glances, and its beams and dyes of venom, like that of the Basilisk, would strike people dead, and for that reason Balor kept it constantly covered, except whenever he wished to get the better of enemies by petrifying them
3330.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
19
reign of Nuadhat of the Silver Hand, he fell in the battle of Magh-Tuireadh na bh-Fomorachs, by Balor of the mighty blows, one of the Fomorians.
with looks; and hence the Irish, to this day, call an evil or overlooking eye by the name of Suil Bhaloir. But, though possessed of such powers of self-defence, it appears that it had been revealed to a Druid that Balor should be killed by his own O, or grandson 1 At this time Balor had but an only child, a daughter, Ethnea by name, and seeing that she was the only medium through which his destruction could be wrought, he shut her up in an im- pregnable tower, which he himself, or some of his ancestors, had built some time before on the summit of Tor-more (a lofty and almost in- accessible rock, which, shooting into the blue sky, breaks the roaring waves and confronts the storms at the eastern extremity of Tory Is- land) ; and here he also placed a company of twelve matrons, to whom he gave the strictest charge not to allow any man near her, or give her an idea of the existence or nature of that sex. Here the fair Ethnea remained a long time im- prisoned ; and, though confined within the limits of a tower, tradition says that she expanded into bloom and beauty ; and though her female at- tendants never expressed the sound man in her presence, still would she often question them about the manner in which she herself was brought into existence, and of the nature of the beings that she saw passing up and down the sea in currachs: often did she relate to them her dreams of other beings, and other places, and other enjoyments, which sported in her imagi- nation while locked up in the arms of repose. But the matrons, faithful to their trust, never offered a single word in explanation of those mysteries which enchanted her imagination.
In the mean time, Balor, now secure in his existence, and regardless of the prediction of the Druid, continued his business of war and
rapine. He achieved many a deed of fame ; cap- tured many a vessel ; subdued and cast in chains many an adventurous band of sea rovers ; and made many a descent upon the opposite conti- nent, carrying with him, to the island, men and property. But his ambition could never be satiated until he should get possession of that most valuable cow, the Glas Gavlin, and to ob- tain her he, therefore, directed all his powers of strength and stratagem.
" One day Mac Kineely, the chief of the tract opposite the island, repaired to his brother's forge to get some swords made, and took with him the invaluable Glas Gavlin by a halter which he constantly held in his own hand by day, and by which she was tied and secured by night. When he arrived at the forge, he intrusted her to the care of his brother, Mac Samhthainn, who, it appears, was there too, on some business con- nected with war, and entered the forge himself, to see the sword properly shaped and steeled. But while he was within, Balor, assuming the form of a red-headed little boy, came to Mac Samhthainn and told him that he heard his two brothers (Gavida and Mac Kineely) saying, within at the furnace, that they would use all his (Mac Sam- thainn's) steel in making Mac Kineely's swords, and would make his of Iron. ' By the Seomh, then,' says Mac Samthainn, ' I'll let them know that I am not to be humbugged so easily ; hold this cow, my red-headed little friend, and you will see how soon I'll make them alter their intention.' With that he rushed into the forge in a passion, and swearing by all the powers above and below, that he would make his two brothers pay for their dishonesty. Balor, as soon as he got the halter into his hand, carried off the Glas, with the rapidity of lightning, to Tory Island, and the place where he dragged
aHHa(.a Rioshaclicct emecwN. '• < [3331.
«o,r ooma,n „, ml, cp. ceo, .r,ocac a haon. On ceo U.aba.n t>o
ceo ccmo5ac. «, °a!n oo LU5h tlfaoa h, p*. ,,6^000 poca.p 16 Ulac
her in by the tail is, to this day (a great memo- rial of the transaction), called Port-na-Glaise, or the harbour of the Glas or green cow. When Mac Kineely heard his brother's exclamations, he knew immediately that Balor had effected his purpose; so, running out of the forge, he perceived Balor and the cow in the middle of the Sound of Tory 1 Mac Samhthainn, also, being soon made sensible of the scheme of Balor, suf- fered a few boxes on the head from his brother with impunity. Mac Kineely wandered about distracted for several hours, before he could be brought to' a deliberate consideration of what was best to be done to recover the cow ; but, after he had given full vent to his passions, he called to the lonely habitation of a hoary Druid, who lived not far from the place, and consulted him upon the matter. The Druid told him that the cow could never be recovered as long as Balor was living, for that, in order to keep her, he would never close the Basilisk eye, but pe- trify every man that should venture to get near
her.
" Mac Kineely, however, had a Leanan-sidhe,
or familiar sprite, called Biroge of the Mountain, who undertook to put him in the way of bring- ing about the destruction of Balor. After having dressed him in the clothes worn by ladies in that age, she wafted him, on the wings of the storm, across the Sound, to the airy top of Tor- more, and there, knocking at the door of the tower, demanded admittance for a noble lady whom she rescued from the cruel hands of a tyrant who had attempted to carry her off, by force, from the protection of her people. The matrons, fearing to disoblige the Banshee, ad- mitted both into the tower. As soon as the
daughter of Balor beheld the noble lady thus introduced, she recognised a countenance like one of which she had frequently felt enamoured in her dreams, and tradition says that she im- mediately fell in love with her noble guest. Shortly after this, the Banshee, by her super- natural influence over human nature, laid the twelve matrons asleep; and Mac Kineely, hav- ing left the fair daughter of Balor pregnant, was invisibly carried back by his friendly sprite to Drumnatinne. "When the matrons awoke they persuaded Ethnea that the appearance of Biroge and her protege was only a dream, but told her never to mention it to her father.
" Thus did matters remain until the daughter of Balor brought forth three sons at a birth, which, when Balor discovered, he immediately secured the offspring, and sent them, rolled up in a sheet (which was fastened with a delg or pin), to be cast into a certain whirlpool ; but as they were carried across a small harbour, on the way to it, the ddg fell out of the sheet, and one of the children dropped into the water, but the other two were secured and drowned in the intended whirlpool. The child that had fallen into the harbour, though he apparently sunk to the bot- tom, was invisibly carried away by the Banshee who had cleared the way to his procreation, and the harbour is to this day called Port-a-deilg, or the Harbour of the Pin. The Banshee wafted the child (the first, it appears, of the three, who had seen the light of this world) across the Sound in safety to his father, who sent him to be fostered by his brother Gavida, who brought him up to his own trade, which then ranked among the learned professions, and was deemed of so much importance that Brighit, the goddess of
3331.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
The Age of the World, 3331. The first year of the reign of Lugh Lamh- fhada[Lewy of the Long Hand] over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3370. After the fortieth year of the reign of Lugh Lamhfhada over Ireland, he fell by Mac Cuill at Caendruim*. It was in the
the poets, thought it not beneath her dignity to preside over the smiths also.
" Balor, who now thought that he had again baffled the fates by drowning the three children, having learned from his Druid that Mac Kineely was the man who had made this great effort to set the wheel of his destiny in rapid motion, crossed the Sound, and landing on that part of the con- tinent called (from some more modern occupier) Ballyconnell, with a band of his fierce associates, seized upon Mac Kineely, and, laying his head on a large white stone (one holding him upon it by the long hair, and others by the hands and legs) cut it off, clear, with one blow of his ponde- rous sword 1 The blood flowed around in warm floods, and penetrated the stone to its very cen- tre. This stone, with its red veins, still tells this deed of blood, and gives name to a district com- prehending two parishes. It was raised, in 1794, on a pillar sixteen feet high, by Wyby More Olpherts, Esq., and his wife, who had carefully collected all the traditions connected with Balor. It is shewn to the curious traveller as Clogh-an- Neely (the name which Wyby More has com- mitted to the durability of marble, but the Four Masters write it more correctly Cloc Chmn- paolaio at the years 1284, 1554), and forms a very conspicuous object in the neighbourhood.
" Notwithstanding all these efforts of Balor to avert his destiny, the Banshee had executed the will of the fates. For after the decollation of Mac Kineely, Balor, now secure, as he thought, in his existence, and triumphant over the fates, frequented the continent without fear of oppo- sition, and employed Gavida to make all his mi- litary weapons. But the heir of Mac Kineely, in course of time, grew up to be an able man,
and, being an excellent smith, Balor, who knew nothing of his birth, became greatly attached to him. The heir of Mac Kineely, who was well aware of his father's fate, and acquainted with the history of his own birth and escape from destruction, was observed to indulge in gloomy fits of despondency, and frequently to visit the blood-stained stone, and to return from it with a sullen brow which nothing could smooth. One day Balor came to the forge to get some spears made, and it happened that Gavida was from home upon some private bu- siness, so that all the work of that day was to be executed by his young foster-son. In the course of the day Balor happened to mention, with pride, his conquest of Mac Kineely, but to his own great misfortune, for the young smith watched his opportunity, and, taking a glowing rod from the furnace, thrust it through the basilisk eye of Balor and out through the other side of his head, thus avenging the death of his father, slaying his grandfather, and exe- cuting the decree of Fate, which nothing can avert. ' Fatum regit, homines.'' "
Some say that this took place at Knocknafola, or Bloodyforeland, but others, who place the scene of Balor's death at Drumnatinne, account for the name of Knocknafola by making it the scene of a bloody battle between the Irish and Danes. Tradition, however, errs as to the place of Balor's death, for, according to Irish history, he was killed by his grandson, Lughaidh Lamh- fhada, in the second battle of Magh-Tuireadh — See Oyygia, part iii. c. 12.
' Caendruim. — This was the ancient name of the hill of Uisneach, in Westmeath, situated about four miles south-east of the village of
Rioshachca eiReaNR [3371-
SCfl
npuim. ar , pfimfp an Lo^a oo ponaD aonach Ca,llrfn a bFopaicmfc 1 , cc«,mne ecca a buime, Ca,llce ,n5fn TTlajmmp ipme, ,njfn pi5 eappaine, bfn Gachoac m,c Gipc, pf Oeofnac p<p mbolc an ceochaiO pa
QOIP Domain, cp, mile cpi ceo rfccmojac a haon. Qn cfo bl,at>a,n oo nfre Gachoac Ollacaip Dap bamm an Oa5hoa 6r Gpmn inopin.
Cto,p Domain, cpi mOe cfcpe cfo cao5a. lap bpopbab na bliaDna OeD- fnaijep Don occmo5ar bliaoan po ca,c Gocham Ollacap i naipDpi5e na hGpfno, po ecc ir an mfcpuj DO 5afB cpo na 5ona Do pac Cechleno Faip hi cceD carTTlai^e ruipfo.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cfcpe cfo cao5a a haon. Qn cfo bliabain Do pije Oealbaoic mic Osma op 6pinn innpin.
doir Domain, cpi mile cfcpe cfo Sfpcac. Ip an oeacmab bliaoam Do pije Dealbaeic copcaip Do laim a mic pfipin, piaca mac Oealbaeic.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cfcpa cfo ffpcac a haon. <3n cfo bliaOam oo piaca mac Dealbaeic i pije.
Qoip Domain, rpi mile cfcpe cfo Seaccmogac. Q bpoipceano an oeac- mab bliaoan DO pije piacaio mic Oealbaeic op 6pmn Do cuic la hGogon nlnbip.
Ctoip Domain, cpi mile cfcpe cfo peaccmojac ahaon. Qn cfo bliabam
Ballymore- Lough -Sewdy. — See O'Flaherty's of the fair, where, according to tradition, mar-
Ogygia, part iii. c. xiii. riages were solemnized in Pagan times. There
u Tailltean. Now Teltown, near the Eiver are vivid traditions of this fair yet extant in the
Boyne, in the county of Meath, and nearly mid- country ; and Teltown was, till recently, resorted
way between Kells and Navan. This fair, at by the men of Meath for hurling, wrestling, and
which various games and sports were celebrated, other manly sports.
continued down to the time of Koderic O'Conor, w Brugh : i. e. Brugh-na-Boinne, a place on
the last monarch of Ireland. It was cele- the Eiver Boyne, near Stackallan Bridge, in the
brated annually on the first of August, which county of Meath. In the account of the Tuatha-
is still called Lugh-Nasadh, i. e. Lugh's fair, De-Dananns preserved in the Book of Lecan,
games or sports, by the native Irish — See Cor- foL 279, p. b. col. 2, it is stated that Daghda
mac's Glossary, in wee iujnayao. See also Mor (i.e. the Great Good Fire, so called from his
O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. cc. xiii. Ivi. The military ardour), for eighty years king of Ire-
remaina of a large earthen rath, and traces of land, and that he had three sons, Aenghus, Aedh,
three artificial lakes, and other remains, are still and Cermad, who were buried with their father
to be seen there. To the left of the road, as at Brugh-na-Boinne, where the mound called
you go from Kells to Donaghpatrick, there is a Sidh-an-Bhrogha was raised over them, as a
hollow, called tag an aonaij, i. e. the hollow monument. It may be further remarked that
3371.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 23
reign of this Lugh that the fair of Tailltean" was established, in commemora- tion and remembrance of his foster-mother, Taillte, the daughter of Maghmor, King of Spain, and the wife of Eochaidh, son of Ere, the last king of the Firbolgs.
The Age of the World, 3371. The first year of the reign of Eochaidh Ollathair, who was named the Daghda, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3450. After the completion of the last year of the eighty years which Eochaidh Ollathar passed in the monarchy of Ireland, he died at Brugh", of the venom of the wound which Cethlennx inflicted upon him in the first battle of Magh-Tuireadh.
The Age of the World, 3451. This was the first year of the reign of Dealbhaeth, son of Ogma, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3460. In the tenth year of the reign of Dealbh- aeth, he fell by the hand of his own son, Fiacha mac Dealbhaeith.
The Age of the World, 3461. The first year of the reign of Fiacha, the son of Dealbhaeth.
The Age of the World, 3470. At the end of the tenth year of the reign of Fiacha, son of Dealbhaeth, over Ireland, he fell by Eogon of Inbhery.
The Age of the World, 3471. The first year of the three last kings of the
Aeiigus-an-Bhrogha was considered the presid- tiquity, and prove that the Tuatha-Ue-Uananns
ing fairy of the Boyne till recently, and that were a real people, though their history is so
his name is still familiar to the old inhabitants much wrapped up in fable and obscurity, of Meath, who are fast forgetting their traditions *Cethlenn. — Dr. O'Conor latinizes this Keth-
with the Irish language. For some account of lendius, as if it were the name of a man, but, ac-
the monuments which anciently existed at cording to the old accounts of the battle of Magh-
Brugh-na-Boinne, see Petrie's Inquiry into the Tuireadh, Cethlenn, who wounded the Daghda
Origin and Uses of the Hound Towers of Ireland, in the second battle of Magh-Tuireadh (not the
pp. 100, 101. The monuments ascribed by the first, as incorrectly stated by the Four Masters),
aucient Irish writers to the Tuatha-De-Danann was the wife of Balor Beimenn, and grandmo-
colony still remain, and are principally situated ther of Lugh Lamhfhada, who slew Balor in
in Meath, near the Boyne, as at Drogheda, the same battle. It is stated in the Annals of
Dowth, Knowth, and Newgrange. There are Clonmacnoise, that Inishkeihleann (Enniskillen,
other monuments of them at Cnoc-Aine and in Fermanagh) was called from her.
Cnoc-Greine, in the county of Limerick, and on y Eogan oflnbher O'Flaherty (Ogygia, p. iii.
the Pap Mountains, Da cic Oanainne, in the c. 14) calls him Eugenius de Ard-inver, or In-
S. E. of the county of Kerry. — See the year 861. vermor; Keating calls the place Ard- Brie ; but
These monuments are of the most remote an- we are not told where it is situated.
24
aNNQca Rioshachca emeaNR
[3500
no pije na ccpf pfoj noebfnach DO tuachaib Oe Oanann po baoap hi ccom- plaiciup 6p Gpinn, TTlac Cuill, TTlac Cecc, -] TTlac Ejpeine innpn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mfle cu.cc cfo. Cap5up [.i. coblac] mac TTHlfch Do cechc i nGpmo a bpoipcfno na blia&na po oia gabail ap Cuachaib Oe Oanann, 1 po peppac cacSlebe TTlip ppiu ipn cpfp laice lap na ccecc hi ccip : ba ipn cac pin DO pocaip Scoca injfn phapao bfn TTlileaDh, 1 aca pfpc Scoca fioep SleiB TTlip 1 muip. Oo pocaip ano bfop pdp, bean Um, mic Uicce, Dia cca §lfnO paip. Ro pfppac meic TTlilfch lap pn cac i cUaillcin ppi cpi piogaib Cuaice Oe Oanann, TTlac Cuill, TTlac Cechc, -\ TTlac ^pfine. Ro bap 50 cian 05 cup in cacha 50 ccopcoip TTlac Cechc la hGipeamon, TTlac Cuill la hGmeap, ~\ TTlac 5pf'ne ^a TiQimipsin.
derstand. Among these was Danann, the mother of the gods, from whom Da etc Danamne, a mountain in Kerry, was called; Buanann, the goddess that instructed the heroes in military exercises, the Minerva of the ancient Irish ; Badhbh, the Bellona of the ancient Irish ; Abhortach, god of music ; Ned, the god of war ; Nemon, his wife ; Manannan, the god of the sea; Diancecht, the god of physic; Brighit, the goddess of poets and smiths, &c. It appears from a very curious and ancient Irish tract, written in the shape of a dialogue between St. Patrick and Caoilte Mac Ronain, that there were very many places in Ireland where the Tuatha-De-Dananns were then supposed to live as sprites or fairies, with corporeal and material forms, but indued with immortality. The in- ference naturally to be drawn from these stories is, that the Tuatha-De-Dananns lingered in the country for many centuries after their subjuga- tion by the Gaedhil, and that they lived in re- tired situations, where they practised abstruse arts, which induced the others to regard them as magicians. So late as the third century, Aine, the daughter of Eogabhal, a lady of this race, was believed to be resident at Cnoc-Aine, in the county of Limerick, where she was ra- vished by Oilioll Olum, king of Munster. It
1 Mac Cuill, fyc. — According to an old Irish poem, quoted by Keating in his History of Ire- land (See Haliday's edition, p. 212), the real names of these kings were Eathur, Teathur, and Ceathur ; and the first was called Mac Cuill, because he worshipped the hazel tree ; the se- cond, Mac Ceacht, because he worshipped the plough, evidently alluding to his wish to pro- mote agriculture; and the third, Mac Greine, because he worshipped the sun as his god. For some fanciful disquisitions upon the history and names of these kings the reader is referred to Vallancey's Vindication of Irish History, p. 496. In Mageoghegan's translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, it is stated that " this people, Tuathy De Danan, ruled Ireland for 197 years; that they were most notable magicians, and would work wonderful thinges by magick and other diabolicale arts, wherein they were ex- ceedingly well skilled, and in these days ac- compted the chiefest in the world in that pro- fession." From the many monuments ascribed to this colony by tradition, and in ancient Irish historical tales, it is quite evident that they were a real people ; and from their having been consi- dered gods and magicians by the Gaedhil or Scoti, who subdued them, it maybe inferred that they were skilled in arts which the latter did not un-
am]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
Tuatha-De-Dananns, who were in joint sovereignty over Ireland. These were Mac Cuillz, Mac Ceacht, and Mac Greine.
The Age of the World, 3500. The fleet of the sons of Milidh" came to Ireland at the end of this year, to take it from the Tuatha-De-Dananns ; and they fought the battle of Sliabh Mis with them on the third day after landing. In this battle fell Scota, the daughter of Pharaoh, wife of Milidh ; and the grave of Scota" is [to be seen] between Sliabh Mis and the sea. Therein also fell Fas, the wife of Un, son of Uige, from whom is [named] Gleann-Faisic. After this the sons of Milidh fought a battle at Tailtinnd, against the three kings of the Tuatha-De-Dananns, Mac Cuill, Mac Ceacht, and Mac Greine. The battle lasted for a long time, until Mac Ceacht fell by Eiremhon, Mac Cuill by Eimhear, and Mac Greine by Amhergin.
looks very strange that our genealogists trace the pedigree of no family living for the last thousand years to any of the kings or chieftains of the Tuatha-De-Dananns, while several fami- lies of Firbolgic descent are mentioned as in Hy-Many, and other parts of Connaught. — See Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, p. 85-90, and O'Flaherty's Ogijgia, part iii. c. 1 1. The tract above alluded to as in the shape of a dialogue between St. Patrick and Caoilte Mac Ronain, preserves the ancient names of many monu- ments of both these colonies, as well as of their conquerors, the Gaedhil or Scoti, now lost to tradition, and is, therefore, well worthy of pub- lication. There are two imperfect vellum copies of it extant, but from the two a perfect copy could probably be obtained ; one in the Bod- leian Library, Laud. 610, fol. 123 to 146, and the other in the Book of Lismore, the original of which is in the possession of the Duke of De- vonshire, and a fac-simile copy in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy.
* The fleet of the sons of Milidh — Nennius, a British writer who flourished about the year 850, says that they came to Ireland with a fleet of 120 ciuli. Mageoghegan, in his translation of the Annals of Cloumacuoise, adds, that the
sons of Miletus (Milesius) arrived in Ireland on the 17th of May, 1029 years before the birth of Christ. As authority for this he re- fers to a work on Irish history, by " Calogh O'More, who was a very worthy gentleman, and a great searcher of antiquity ;" but he adds, that " Philip O'Soullevane, in his printed work, de- dicated to Philip the Fourth, King of Spain, sayeth that they came in the year before the birth of our Saviour, 1342, which is from this time present (1627), the number of 2969 years, Laesthenes being then the thirty-third Monarch of the Assyrians." — See O'Sullivan's Hist. Ca- thol. Iber. Compendium, torn. i. lib. iii. c. i. p. 32.
b The grave of Scota. — This is still pointed out in the valley of Gleann-Scoithin, townland of Clahane, parish of Annagh, barony of Trougha- nacmy, and county of Kerry. — See Ordnance Map of Kerry, sheet 38. Sliabh Mis, anglice Slieve Mish, is a mountain in the same barony.
c Gleann-Faisi. — Keating states that this val- ley was so called in his own time. It is now called Glenofaush, and is situated in the town- land of Knockatee, parish of Ballycashlane, in the same barony — See Ordnance Map, sheet 40.
d Tailltin. — Now Tel town, in Meath. — See note °, p. 19, svprd.
E
26
[3501.
Copcpacup cpa a ccfopa Riojna, 6pe la Suip5e, porla la hGaoan, -, banba la Cmchfp. Ro rraoinea6 an each pa ofoib pop Cuachaib De Da- nann, -] po machcaic in 5ac mai5in i rcappupcap mo. Copcparap o macoib TTlileab Don leich ele od caoipioc aipfsoa 05 plaije an maDma, Puao i Sleibh PUOID, i Cuailjne i Sleib Cuailgne.
doip Domain cpi TTIile cuig cfo a haon. dp f po bliaDam in po gab Gpea- mon -| Grheap comptainup op Gpino, -| po panopacc 6pe ap DO froppa. dp innce bfop DO ponao na jnioriia po piop la hGipeamon ~\ la hSriiep co na ccaoipiochaib. Rdrh bfochaij op 6oip i nQpsacc Rop,-| l?dr Oinn i ccpich Cualann, lahGipeamon, cocap Inbip moip, i ccpich Ua nGneachjlap Cualann, la hQimepsm, cumoach Oume Nctip i Sleib TTIoDaipn, la ^oipcen, Dun Oel- ginnpi i ccpfc Cualann la Seoga, Dun Sobaipce i TTlupbolg Dal Riaoa la Sobaipce, i Dun Gaoaip la Suipje. La h6pearhon co na caoipiochaib Do ponab innpm. Rach Uamain i Laijnib la hGrheap. Rach Clpoa SuipD la hGacan mac nUice, Cappacc pechaije la hUn mac nUicce, Cappacc bla-
* Sliabh Fuaid: i.e. Fuad's mountain, a moun- tain near Newtown Hamilton, in the county of Armagh, much celebrated in Irish history — See note y, under the year 1607-
f Sliabh Cuailgne. — Now Sliabh Cuailghe, an- glice Cooley mountains, situated near Carling- ford, in the north of the county of Louth.
g Rath-Beothaigh. — Now Rathbeagh, a town- land on the banks of the River Eoir or Feoir, anglice the Nore, in a parish of the same name, barony of Galmoy, and county of Kilkenny. — See the Ordnance Map of that county, sheets 9 and 10.
h Argat-Ros : i. e. the Silver Wood, was the name of a woody district on the Nore, in the territory of Ui-Duach. — See it referred to as a lordship, under the year 851.
lBath- Oinn — Now probably Rathdown. Crich- Cualann is included in the present county of Wicklow.
11 Inbher-mkor — This was the ancient name of the mouth of the Abhainn-mhor, or Ovoca, which discharges itself into the sea at the town
of Arklow, in the county of Wicklow. This tochar is still traceable, and gives name to a townland near Arklow.
1 Ui-Eineacliglais- Cualann — This was the name of a territory comprised in the present barony of Arklow. It derived its name from Breasal Eineachglas, one of the sons of Cathair Mor, King of Ireland in the second century.
mDun-Nair, inSliabhMudhoirn Now obsolete.
Sliabh Modhairn was the ancient name of a range of heights near Ballybay, in the barony of Cre- morne, and county of Monaghan. In Kinfaela's poem on the travels, &c. of the Milesians, it is stated that Cumhdach-Nair was on Sliabh Mis.
n Dun-Deilginnsi: i. e. the Dun or Fort of Deil- ginis, which was the ancient name of Dalkey Island, near Dublin, not Delgany, in the county of Wicklow, as is generally supposed. The lat- ter place, which is not an island, was called, in Irish, Deirgne-Mochorog — See O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 22nd December.
0 Dun-Sobhairce in Murbholg of Dal-Riada
Now Dunseverick, an isolated rock on which are
3501.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 27
Their three queens were also slain ; Eire by Suirghe, Fodhla by Edan, and Banba by Caicher. The battle was at length gained against the Tuatha-De-Da- nanns, and they were slaughtered, wherever they were overtaken. There fell from the sons of Milidh, on the other hand, two illustrious chieftains, in fol- lowing up the rout, [namely] Fuad at Sliabh Fuaid6, and Cuailgne at Sliabh Cuailgnef.
The Age of the World, 3501. This was the year in which Eremhon and Emher assumed the joint sovereignty of Ireland, and divided Ireland into two parts between them. It was in it, moreover, that these acts following were done by Eremhon and Emher, with their chieftains : Rath-Beothaigh*, over the Eoir in Argat-Ros", and Rath-Oinn' in Crich-Cualann, [were erected] by Eremhon. The causeway of Inbher-mor", in the territory of Ui Eineachglais-Cualann1, [was made] by Amergin. The erection of Dun Nair, in Sliabh Modhairnm, by Gosten; Dun-Deilginnsi", in the territory of Cualann, by Sedgha ; Dun-Sobhairce, in Murbholg Dal-Riada°, by Sobhairce ; and Dun Edairp by Suirghe. By Eremhon and his chieftains these were erected. Rath- Uamhainq, in Leinster, by Emhear ; Rath-Arda-Suirdr by Etan, son of Uige ; Carraig-Fethaighe* by Un, son of Uige ;
some fragments of the ruins of a castle, near the ' Rath- Uamhain: i. e. the Rath or Fort of the centre of a small bog, three miles east of the Cave. This is probably Eathowen, in Wexford. Giants' Causeway, in the county of Antrim. No — See Inquisition, 38 Car. I. It is called Rath- portion of the original dun, or primitive fort, now Eomhain by Keating. — See his History of Ireland, remains — See the Dublin Penn,y Journal, vol. i. Haliday's edition, p. 302.
p. 361. It should be here remarked that Murbholg ' Rath-arda-Suird. — In Kinfaela's poem the of Dal-Riada was the ancient name of the small erection of this fort is ascribed to Fulman, and bay opposite this rock, and that Murlough Bay, that of Rath-Righbaird is attributed to Edan, in the same county, was also anciently called which is more correct, as it appears that, in the Murbholg. This fort was not erected during the distribution of territory, the province of Con- reign of Eremhon and Emhear, for Sobhairce, naught, in which Rath-Righbaird is situated, fell after whom it was named, nourished a consider- to the lot of Un and Edan. Fulman was seated able time after; and in Kinfaela's poem, though in Munster, which was Ember's or Heber's par- Dun-Sobhairce«is given among the forts erected ticular portion of the island, and not the nor- by the sons of Milidh and their followers, it them portion, as Giraldus erroneously states, adds, lap realao, j_ ^ « af^j. some time." The fort called Rath-arda-Suird was situated P Dun-Etair. — This fort, which was otherwise on the hill of Rath-tSiuird, about half a mile called Dun-Crimhthainn, was situated on the to the north- west of the old church of Donagh- Hill of Howth, near Dublin. Dr. Petrie states more, near the city of Limerick. The site of the that its site is occupied by the Bailie's Light- rath is now occupied by the ruins of a castle, house.— See Dun-Crimthainn, A. D. 9. ' Carraig-Fethaigh.—Aa Un was one of the
E 2
28
[3502.
paige la TTlancan, Dun QpDinne la Caichfp, T?ach RiojbaipO i TTlu,rircc la pulman. Ca hGmip co na caoipiochaib innpin.
Ro pap impiupam i poipceann na bliaDna ro ecip Gpfmon -\ eriieap im na rpfb opuimnib oippbfpca, Opuim Clapaij i cCpich Tllaine, Opuim bfchaij i maonmaij.i Opuim Pmgin i TTlumain. pfprap each fcoppa ay allop ap bpu 6pi Dam a5 Cochap ecep Da maj. dp ppipme apbfpap car ^eipille. TTleabaiD an car pop eriieap, -| DO cfp ano. Copcpacap Dna rpi caoipij aipfgoa DO muincip Gpeamoin ipin car cfona. ^oipcen, Secja, -j Suipge a nanmanna. ^abaip Gpfmon an pije lap pin.
Qoip Domain, cpf mill cuicc cfo aoo. Qn cfio bliaDam DO pije Gpeariiom op epinn.i an oapa bliaDam lap ccechc DO macoib TTlfleaD, Do pann Gpfmon Gpe. Oo pao coicceaD Ula6 DGmeap mac Ip, an TTluma Do cficpe macoib Gmip pmo; coigeaD Connacc oUn -\ oGaoan, -] coicceaD Caijfn Do Cpiorh- rann Sciachbel DO Oomnanocoib.
two chieftains seated in Connaught, it may be conjectured that his fort or residence was situated at Rath-Uin, anglice Rahoon, near the town of Gal way. — See Chorographical Description of West Connauglti, edited by Hardiman, p. 56, note ".
1 Carraig-Blaraighe. — Called by Keating Curii- oac Caipje 6la6pai6e, the edifice of Carrig- Bloyree. The Editor never met any topogra- phical name in Ireland like Bladhraidhe, except Blyry in the barony of Brawney, and county of Westmeath. — Ordnance Map, sheet 29.
uDun-Airdinne — Called Dun-Inn by Keating (vbi supra), who states that it is situated in the west of Ireland. It is now unknown.
w Rath-Righbaird in Muiresc. — This fort is mentioned in the Annotations on the Life of St. Patrick, by Tirechan, in the Book of Armagh, in which it is called in Latin Fossa Riabairt. The church of Bishop Bronus, now Killaspug- brone, near the hill of Knocknarea, in the ba- rony of Carbury and county of Sligo, is referred to as built near this fort.
1 Druim-Clasach in Crick-Maine According
to the Life of St. Greallan, patron saint of Crich-
Maine, or Hy-Many, this Druim, or long hill, or ridge, is situated in Hy-Many, between Lough
Ree and the River Suck See Tribes and Customs
of Hy-Many, p. 10.
* Druim-Beathaigh in Maenmhagh. — This was the ancient name of a remarkable ridge extend- ing across the plain of Maenmagh, near the town of Loughrea, in the county of Galway. The name is obsolete, but the ridge is identifiable.
* Druim- Finghin in Munster : i. e. Fineen's ridge. This name is still in use, and applied to a long ridge of high ground dividing the barony of Decies-within-Drum, from that of Decies- without-Drum, in the county of Waterford. It extends from near Castle- Lyons, in the county of Cork, to Ringoguanach, on the south side of the bay of Dungarvan.
" Bri-Damh : i. e. the hill of the Oxen. This is referred to in the Tripartite Life of St. Pa- trick, published by Colgan (Trias Thaum., p. 1 60), as Mons Bri-damk ; but there is no mountain near Geshill, nor any hill higher than 355 feet. In a description of the site of this battle, preserved in the Dinnsenchus (as given in the
3502.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
29
Carraig-Blaraighe' by Mantan ; Dun-Ardinneu by Caicher ; Rath-Righbaird, in Muiresg", by Fulman. By Emher and his chieftains these [were erected].
A dispute arose at the end of this year, between Eremhon and Emhear, about the three celebrated hills, Druim Clasaighx, in Crich-Maine ; Druim-Beathaigh, in Maenmhagh7; and Druim Finghin, in Munsterz. In consequence of which a battle was fought between them, on the brink of Bri-Damh", at Tochar-eter- da-mhagh ; and this is called the battle of Geisill. The battle was gained upon Emhear, and he fell therein. There fell also three distinguished chieftains of the people of Eremhon in the same battle ; Goisten, Setgha, and Suirghe, [were] their names. After this Eremhon assumed the sovereignty6.
The Age of the World, 3502. The first year of the reign of Eremhon over Ireland ; and the second year after the arrival of the sons of Milidh, Eremhon divided Ireland. He gave the province of Ulster to Emhear, son of Ir ; Munster to the four sons of Emhear Finn0; the province ofConnaught tolln andEadan; and the province of Leinster to Crimhthann Sciathbhel" of the Damnonians.
Book of Ballymote, fol. 193), it is stated that there were many mounds at this place, in which Emhear, Ever, or Heber, and the other chieftains slain in the battle, were interred. The name Tochar-eter-da-mhagh, denotes the togher or causeway between the two plains, and the name is partly still preserved in that of the townland of 6aile an cocaip, anglice Ballintogher, i. e. the Town of the Causeway, in the parish and barony of Geshill, and near the village of the same name. The territory of the two plains, in Irish, Cucic ou riiuij, and anglicised Teth- moy, was the name of a considerable territory in the ancient Offally, comprising the baronies of Warrenstown and Coolestown, in the east of the King's County, as appears from an old map of Leix and Ophaly, preserved in the British Museum.
11 Assumed the sovereignty : i. e. became sole monarch of Ireland.
'Emhear Finn : generally anglicised HeberFinn. The inhabitants of the south of Ireland are con- stantly designated by the appellation of Siol
6imip, or Sliocc6iBip, by the Irish poets down to the present century. Giraldus is evidently wrong in stating that Heberus possessed the northern portion of Ireland.
* Crimhthann Sciathbhel. — lie was of the Fir- bolgic colony. Keating, in his History of Ireland, and the O'Clerys, in their Leabkar-Gabkala, give an account of the arrival of the Cruithnigh or Picts iu Ireland, at this time, and of their final settlement in Alba or Scotland, having received from Eremhon, or Heremon, the widows of the Milesian chieftains who had been drowned on the expedition from Spain. — See Keating's History of Ireland; O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii, c. 18 ; O'Halloran, vol. ii. c. 4 ; and the Irish translation of Nennius's Historia Britonum, in which Doctor Todd has inserted the various accounts of the arrival of the Picts in Ireland. It is stated in the Irish accounts, that the Picts, on this occa- sion, pledged themselves solemnly that, should they become masters of that country they were about to invade, the sovereignty thereof should be ever after vested in the descendants of the
30
[3503.
tea, m5fn Lui5beac, m,c Iche, cu5 epfmon ,r,n erPdin cap cfnD Ot>ba, ar f an Cea ro cona,ccfrro,p 50 hepfmon culo,j cogaibe ma cionpccpa cec,p maisean ipaegbao, 50,1.06 innre no habnaicn, n no coccaibce a mup n a Ii5e, ! 50 mab ano no b,a6 5ac p105opDan no 5f>nF'oD Dia pfol 50 bpar. ar mo na para conOo5a,b aipe im a comall 01, dim^m ^lumjeal n emeappionn. Ipeab mpom 60 pacgip Dpuim Caom .,. teamuip. Ctr uaice ponceap, -| ar innce po habnachc.
Obba ona macaip TTluimne, -\ Luijne, i Laijne Decc5o po haonachc i
nObba.
Cach Cuile Caichip, i copcaip Caiceap Id hQirinp^n n
biiabomfi, n Focrfr « KF Tin mal5in rin cona6 Ua6a D0
Caichip.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cuicc cfo a cpi. Qn oapa bliabam DO pije Gpf- moin op Gpinn. Qimipsin ^lumseal mac TTlileab DO cuicim hi ccac bile cinfb an bliabainp la hGpearhon. Uomaibm naoi mbpopac .1. aib'ne nGle,
an
female rather than the male line. — See also Bede's Hist. Eccl. lib. i. c. 1.
• In preference to Odhb/ia. — It is stated in the Book of Lecan, and in the Leabhar-Gabhcda of the O'Clerys, that Heremon, who was otherwise called Geide Ollgothach, had put away his lawful wife, Odhbha, the mother of his elder children, Muimhne, Luighne, and Laighne, and married Tea, the daughter of Lughaidh mac Itha, from whom Tara was named Tea- mur, i.e. the mound of Tea ; that Odhbha followed her children to Ireland, and died of grief from being repudiated by her husband, and was interred at Odhbha, in Meath, where her children raised a mound to her memory See note ', infra.
{ Dower: cmnpcpa. — The cmnpcpa was a re- ward always given by the husband to the wife, at their marriage, a custom which prevailed among the Jews, and is still observed by the Turks and other eastern nations. — See Genealo- gies, Tribes, and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 207, note T.
8 Druim-Caoin: i. e. the Hill of Caen, a man's
name. It was the name of Tara Hill among the Firbolgs — See Petrie's Antiquities of Tara Hill, p. 108.
11 From her it was called: i. e. from her it was called Teamhair. This story is told somewhat better in Mageoghegan's translation of the An- nals of Clonmacnoise, as follows :
" But first, before they landed on this land, Tea, the daughter of Louthus, that was wife of Heremon, desired one request of her said husband and kinsmen, which they accordingly granted, which was, that the place she should most like of in the kingdom should be, for ever after, called by her name; and that the place so called should be ever after the principal seat of her posterity to dwell in ; and upon their land- ing she chose Ley try mm" [6iac-bpuim], "which is, since that time, called Taragh, where the King's pallace stood for many hundred years after, and which she caused to be called Tea- mur. Mur, in Irish, is a town or pallace in English, and being joyned to Tea, maketh it to be the house, pallace, or town of Tea."
3503.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
31
Tea, daughter of Lughaidh; son of Ith, whom Eremhon married in Spain, to the repudiation of Odhbha6, was the Tea who requested of Eremhon a choice hill, as her dowerf, in whatever place she should select it, that she might be interred therein, and that her mound and her gravestone might be thereon raised, and where every prince ever to be born of her race should dwell. The guarantees who undertook to execute this for her were Amhergin Gluingeal and Emhear Finn. The hill she selected was Druim-Caeins, i. e. Teamhair. It is from her it was called", • and in it was she interred.
Odhbha, the mother of Muimhne, Luighne, and Laighne, died, and was interred at Odhbha'.
The battle of Cuil Caichirj, in which Caicher was slain by Amergin Gluin- geal, [was fought] this year ; and his grave was dug in that place, so that from him Cuil Caichir was named.
The Age of the World, 3503. The second year of the reign of Eremhon over Ireland. Amhergin Gluingeal, son of Milidh, fell in the battle of Bile- tineadh" this year by Eremhon. The eruption of the nine Brosnachs1, i. e. rivers
This derivation is, however, evidently legen- dary, for Ceariiaip was very common in Ireland as a woman's name, and it was applied to more hills than Teamhair, in Meath : as Teamhair Luachra, in Kerry, and TeamhairBhrogha-Niadh, in Leinster. In Cormac's Glossary it is stated, that the cearhaip of a house means a grianan, i. e. a bower, boudoir, or balcony, and that ceam- aip of the country means a hill commanding a pleasant prospect. That this is evidently the true meaning of the term is further manifest from the use of it in old Irish writings, as in the following passage in an Irish tract describ- ing the Siege of Troy, in H. 2, 15, "Oo ponao Ona cpeb cam cumbacca -| popab leip pop Ceamaip -) oinjna na carpac DO oalluc -| o'poipoecpm -\ oo DiuBpacao." " Then was erected a fine, protecting house, and a look-out tower upon the teamhair and digna of the city, to reconnoitre, view, and discharge [weapons]."
' Odhbha — This was the name of a mound on
the summit of a hill giving name to a territory in the ancient Meath, which is mentioned in O'Dugan's topographical poem as the lordship of O'h-Aedha, a name now usually anglicised Hughes — See it mentioned at A. D. 890 and 1016. The name, which would be anglicised Ovey, is now obsolete. There is another place of this name in Partry-of-the-inountain, on the west side of Lough Mask, in the county of Mayo, generally called Odhbha-Ceara, and anglicised Ballovey.
j Cuil- Caichir : i. e. Caicher's corner, or angle, now unknown.
*Bile-tineadh: i. e. the ancient Tree of the Fire. This is said to be in Cula-Breagh, and is the place now called Coill a' Bhile, anglice Billywood, in the parish of Moynalty, barony of Lower Kells, and county Meath.
1 Nine Brosnachs.-r-Tbere are only two rivers of this name at present. The other seven were only small tributary streams to these.
32
emeaNH.
[3504.
nao, Rije .,. aibne Laijfn, n ceopa nllmpionn Ua nOiliolla ipin bliaDam
cfona.
doip Domain, cpi mile cuicc cfo a pe. Cln cn,5eaD bliaDam Do pi5e Gpfmoin pulman 1 ITlannnan Do cuicim lap an pig i each 6peo5am , bpemean,! comaibm na loch po in blia&am cfona. Loc Cimbe, Loc buaboij, Loch 6aa6, Loc Ren, Loc pionnmaije, Loc ^peine, Loc Riach, Loch Da Caoch i Laijmb, •} Loc Laoj mo Ulcoib.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cuic cfo a ofich. Qn naomaD blia&ain Do pije Gpfmoin Do cfp Un, Gn, -] Gaoan laip i ccac Compaipe i miDe. Comamm Gichne i nUib Nell, na cfopa Socc i Connachcaib, ~[ Ppegabail ecin Ddl nQpaibe -\ Oal Riaoa an blia&i. Qibne laopiDe.
m Nine Righes There are only four rivers
of this name in Leinster at present ; one near Callan, in the county of Kilkenny ; the second flowing between the counties of Kildare and Meath, and paying its tribute to the Liffey, near Lucan; and the third in the county of Wicklow, and uniting with the Liffey near Blessington; and the fourth in the north-west of the Queen's County.
0 Three Uinsionns — UKOiliolla, or Tir-Oili- olla, is the barony of Tirerrill, in the county of Sligo ; but there is no river now bearing the name of Uinsionn in this barony.
0 Breoahan in Feimhin. — Feimhin was the name of a level plain in the south-east of the now county of Tipperary, comprised in the pre- sent baronies of Iffa and Offa East ; but the name Breoghan is now obsolete.
p Loch Cimbe : more usually written Loch Cime, now Lough Hackett, in the barony of Clare, and county of Galway. — See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 17, and part iii. c. 79, where the same lake is called Loch Sealga ; but this is a mistake, for Loch Sealga is near Carn-Traoich, not far from Tulsk, in the county of Roscommon.
q Loch Buadhaigh: i. e. the lake of the victo- rious man. Not identified.
' Loch Baadh — Now Lough Baah, near Cas-
tle Plunkett, in the county of Eoscommon. Charles O'Conor, of Belanagare, resided near this lake before he succeeded to his father's estate.
* Loch Ren This name still exists, and is
applied to a small lake near Fenagh, in the plain of Magh Rein, in the county of Leitrim. It is situated on the northern boundary of the townland of Fenaghbeg.
' Loch Finnmhaighe. — This name is preserved on the Down Survey, as Lough Fenvoy. It is situated in the barony of Carrigallen, and county of Leitrim, and is now called Garadice Lough — See note ', under the year 1 257, and note *, under 1386.
u Loch Greine: i. e. the Lake of Grian (a wo- man's name), now Lough Graney, in the north of the county of Clare — See map to Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many.
w Loch Riach — Now Lough Reagh, near the town of the same name in the county of Galway.
"Loch Da Chaech — This was the ancient name of Waterford harbour between Leinster and Munster.
y Loch Laegh — This is translated " lacus vi- tuli," by Adamnan. The position of this lough is determined by the ancient ecclesiastical Irish writers, who place the church of Cill Kuaidh,
3506.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
33
of Eile; of the nine Righesm, i. e. rivers of Leinster; and of the three Uinsionns" of Hy-Oiliolla.
The Age of the World, 3506. The fifth year of the reign of Eremon. Fulman and Man tan fell by the king in the battle of Breogan, in Feimhin0; and the eruption of the following lakes [took place] in the same year : Loch Cimbe", Loch Buadhaigh", Loch Baadhr, Loch Ren', Loch Finnmhaighe', Loch Greineu, Loch Riach", Loch Da-Chaechx, in Leinster, and Loch Laeghy, in Ulster.
The Age of the World, 3510. The ninth year of the reign of Eremon, Un, En, and Edan, fell by him in the battle of Comhrairez, in Meath. The eruption of Eithne, in Ui-Neill'.; of the three Socs", in Connaught ; and of the Fregabhailc, between Dal-Araidhe and Dal-Riada, this year. These are rivers.
now Kilroot, on its brink. It is now called Belfast Lough, close upon the margin of which some remains of this church are still to be seen.
' Comhraire — There was a church erected at this place by St. Colman mac Fintain (the bro- ther of St. Fursa of Peronne), whose festival •was celebrated here on the 25th of September. The place is now called in Irish Cill Compaipe, •which is anglicised Kilcomreragh. It is situated near the hill of Uisneach, in the barony of Moy- cashel, and county of Westmeath. — See the Fei- lire Aenguis, at 16th November; the Irish Calen- dar of O'Clery, at 25th September; and Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 95, col. 2.
* Eithne, in Ui-NeiU. — Now the Eiver Inny, •which discharges itself into Lough Ree, to the south-west of Ballymahon, in the county of West- meath. By the name Ui-Neill is meant terra Nepotum Nettl, the ancient Meath having been so called in later ages, because it was divided among the sons of Niall of the Nine Hostages, and possessed by their descendants till the Eng- lish Invasion. It would have been more cor- rect to call this territory " Midhe," at this early period. The River Eithne was originally called Glaisi-Bearamain, and is said to have derived its present name from Eithne, daughter of King
Eochaidh Feidhleach, and wife of Conchobhar Mac Nessa, King of Ulster in the first century. — See the Book of Lecan, fol. 175, a. b. This river formed the boundary between North and South Teffia in St. Patrick's time — See Ogygia, part iii. c. 85.
b The three Socs. — Michael Brennan, in his Irish poem on the River Shannon, states that the three Sucks of Connaught are the rivers still called the Suck and its tributaries, theSheffin and the River
of Clonbrock, in the county of Galway See
note ", under A. D. 1263, where the course of the main branch of the Ceopa Suca is described.
c Freghabhail — Now the Ravel Water, which rises in a small lake called Aganamunican, on the mountain of Slieveanee, in the parish of Du- naghy, in the county of Antrim, and, flowing through the valley of Glenravel, to which it gives name, joins the Dungonnell River near the old burial ground of Deschart, whence their united waters flow in a south-east course until they fall into the Maine Water, near Glary
ford See Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down,
Connor, and Dromore, by the Rev. William Reeves, M. B., M. R. I. A., pp. 334, 335. The territory of Dal-Araidhe extended from Newry to this river ; and that of Dal-Riada comprised the remainder of the county of Antrim.
34 aNNQta Ric-shachca eiReawN. [3517.
Qoip Domain, rpi mfle cuicc cfo a re Decc. Qn cuicceab bliabain t>ecc oGpeamon i pije, n a ecc a poipceann na pee pin i Rdic beoraij or Goip i
nQpjjac Ropy.
Qoip Ooihoin, rpi mile cuicc cfo a pfchc Decc. Qn cfo bliabain Do TTIuimne, DO Uijne, -] DO Laijne, clann epfrhoin i ccoirhpije op 6pmn.
Qoip Domain, cpf mile cuicc cfo a naoi Decc. 1 ppoipcfnn na ccpf mbliaban po acbarh TTIuimne i cCpuacham, Luighne -| Laijjne copcparop hi ccach Qpoa Labpann la macaib Gmip.
6p, Opba, peapon, -] Pepjen cfirpe meic Gmep Ificbliabain Doib. Qp hi a leicbliabampi "\ leicblia&oin Nuabaicn Neachc DO m bliaoam corhlan,-| ap 05 an pij Nuaba Neachc aipimnp f i naoip Domain. Uopcpacop an clanD pin 6mip la hlpial pdib, mac nGpfmom,! ccac Cuile TTIapra lap bpopbaD na Ificbliabna pempdire.
Ctoip Domain, cpi mile cuicc cfo pice anaoi. Q bpoipcfnO an Dfcmab bliabain po Ipiail pdib mic Gpfmom hi pije, puaip bap i TTlai^ TTluaiDe. Qp lap an Ipial ppaib po po cuipic na caca po. Car Guile TTlapca, Cac CtpDa Inmaoich hi Ueachba i cropcaip Scipne mac Ouib mic porhoip, car Ufn- maije i ccopcaip Gocha Gachceann pf pomoipe,-] Car Locmaije i ccopcaip Luj l?och, mac TTlopemip, opfpoib bolg. Qp i naimpip an Ipeoil cfona plfccab na maj, cogbail na pdch, -| robpucrab na naibneab po. Qciao na maije, Tllagh Sele i nUib Nell, TTIajh nGle la Caijmu, TTlajh Rechfc, TPajh Sanaip i Connachcaib, TTlajh Uechc la hUib mac Uaip, TTIa^h pairne la
^Argot-Ross. — See note under A.M. 3501, sup. Muaidhe, now Knockmoy, six miles south-east
eArd-Ladhrann — See note d, A. M. 2242, sup. of Tuam, in the county of Galway, which is
' Fergen — Called Feorgna in Mageoghegan'a probably the place alluded to in the text. — See
Annak of Clonmacnoise, in Keating's History of Tribes and Customs of Hy- Many, p. 6.
Ireland, and most of the genealogical accounts k Ard-Inmhaoith Would be anglicised Ard-
of the race of Heber-Finn. invy, but the name is obsolete.
' trial Faidh. — Called "Irialus Vates" by ' Tenmaoith This plain is referred to as in
Dr. Lynch and O'Flaherty, and "Iriell the Pro- Connaught, under A. M. 3549, but the name is
phet," by Connell Mageoghegan. now unknown.
" Cuil-Marta.—Not identified. It is called m Lochmaghe. — This is probably Loughma,
Cuilmartra by O'Flaherty. near Thurles, in the county of Tipperary See
Magh Muaidhe — This may be the plain of Luachmagh, A. D. 1598.
the River Moy, flowing between the counties of n Magh-Sde in Ui-Neitt: i. e. the Plain of the
Mayo and Sligo, in Connaught; but the name Eiver Sele, in the country of the southern Ui-
was also applied to a plain near the hill of Cnoc Neill, that is, Meath. The River Sele, which
3516.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 35
The Age of the World, 3516. The fifteenth year of the reign of Eremhon; he died at the end of this period at Rath-Beothaigh over the Eoir, in Argat-Ross".
The Age of the World, 3517. The first year of the joint reign of Muimhne, Luighne, and Laighne, sons of Eremon, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3519. At the end of these three years Muimhne died at Cruachain. Luighne and Laighne fell in the battle of Ard-Ladhrone by the sons of Emhear.
Er, Orba, Fearon, and Fergenf, the four sons of Emer, reigned half a year. This half year and the half year of Nuadhat Neacht make a full year ; and to Nuadhat Neacht it is reckoned in the age of the world. These sons of Emer were slain by Irial Faidhs, son of Eremon, in the battle of Cuil-Martah, at the end of the half year aforesaid.
The Age of the World, 3520. At the end of this, the tenth year of the reign of Irial Faidh, son of Eremon, he died at Magh-Muaidhe'. It was by this Irial Faidh the following battles were fought : the battle of Cuil-marta ; the battle of Ard-Inmaoithk, in Teathbha, in which fell Stirne, son of Dubh, son of Fomhor ; the. battle of Tenmaighe1, in which fell Eocha Echcheann, king of the Fomorians ; the battle of Lochmaighem, in which fell Lughroth, son of Mofemis of the Firbolgs. It was in the time of the same Irial that the clearing of the plains, the erection of the forts, and the eruption of the rivers following, took place. These are the plains : Magh-Sele, in Ui-Neilln; Magh nEle°, in Leinster ; Magh-Reicheatp; Magh-Sanaisq, in Connaught ; Magh-Techt, in Ui-
gave name to this place, is now called the Black- having been the residence of Finn Mac Cumhail
water. It rises in Lough Eamor, near Virginia, in the third century, and of Colonel Grace in
in the county of Cavan, and, flowing through the seventeenth — See note m, under A. D. 1475,
the barony of Upper Kells, by Tailten, in Meath, and note m, under A. D. 1418.
pays its tribute to the Boyne at Dubh-chomar, r Magh-Reicheat. — Keating adds that this plain
now the town of Navan. This river is dis- is in Laoighis, L e. Leix, in the present Queen's
tinctly mentioned as near Taltenia, in the Tri- County; but in the Preface to the Feilire-Aenguis
partite Life of St. Patrick, lib. ii. c. 4, apud it is mentioned as a plain in Ui-Failghe (Offaly),
Colgan, Trias Thaum, p. 129; and Colgan ob- containing the church of Cuil-Beannchair, now
serves, in a note, p. 173, that it was, in his own Coolbanagher, alias Whitechurch. It is now
time, called Abha-dhubh. called, in English, Morett, and is a manor in
0 Magh-n-Ele in Leinster — Now Moyelly, a the barony of Portnahinch, adjoining the Great
townland in the parish of Kilmanaghan, barony Heath of Maryborough, in the Queen's county,
of Kilcoursey, and King's County, famous as q Magh-Sanais. — Not identified.
F2
36
[3530.
hdipcfpa, TTla5h nOa,pbpfc , pocapcaib Oaipbpeac, TTla5h Lu5na i cCian- nacca, TTlas nln,r la hUlcoib, TTlag Chuile Ff6a i pfpnmms, Hlaj comaip, TTlaj TTlme, TTlaj Coba, TTlaj Cuma la hU,b Nell, TTlag pfpmhaije la hOipjmllaib, -] TTlaj Rmcca. Qciao na pacha, Rach Cpoich i TTloi5,nir, Rac Cumcfoha i Seriine, Rach bacain i Lacapna, Rach Lochaio i n^lap- capn, Rach 5laipe cu,l5, Da n5oipreap Rac Ciombaoic mo GaTTiain, Rac TTlochaish -] Rac 6uip5 i Slechcmoij. Na haibne, Siu>p, peil, 6pcpe la murhain, na cpf pionna.-j na cpi Coimoe.
aoir Domain, cpi mile cuicc cfo rpiocac. Qn cfo bliaoain DO pije Gcpel, mac Ipeoil pdm, 0? Gpinn inopin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cuicc cfo cfcpacac anaoi. Qn picfcmab bliaDain DGrpel, mac Ipeoil pai6, mic Gpfmoin, i pi^e 50 ccopcaip la Conrhaol mac
* Magh-techt, in Ui-Mac- Uais. — Unknown. Ui-Mac Mais is believed to be the barony of Moygoish, in the county of Westmeath. — See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. 76.
» Magh-Faithne, in Airthera. — Called IDa^ Poirm ip na h-iapcapaiB by Keating, which is incorrect. Magh-Faithne is obsolete. Arthera is the Irish name of the baronies of Orior, in the county of Armagh.
' Magh-Dairbhreacli : i. e. the Plain of the Oaks. This plain is situated at the foot of the hill of Croghan, in the north of the King's County. The territory of Fotharta Dairbh- reach is referred to, in the old Irish authorities, as adjoining this hill, which was anciently called Bri-Eile. — See Ogygia, part iii. c. 64.
u Magh-Luglma. — Keating calls this Magh Luinge. We are not told in which of the dis- tricts called Cianachta it was situated.
w Magh-inis : i. e. the insular plain. This was the ancient name of the barony of Lecale, in the county of Down. — See Tripartite Life of St. Patrick in Trias Thaum, part iii. c. 60, and Colgan's note, p. 185 : "Magh-inis hodie Leth- cathuil appellatur, in qua et ciuitas Dunensis et Saballmn iacent."
'Magh- Cuile-feadha, in Fearnmhagh. — Fearnm-
hagh, i. e. the Alder Plain, is the Irish name of the barony of Farney, in the county of Monaghan. Magh-Cuile-feadha, i. e. the Plain of the Corner or Angle of the Wood, was probably the ancient name of the district around Loughfea, in this barony.
J Magh-Comair: i. e. the Plain of the Con- fluence. Keating places this in Ui-Neill, i. e. in Meath. It is was probably the plain around Cummer, near Clonard, in Meath. There is another Magh-Comair, now anglice Muckamore, near the town of Antrim, in the county of An- trim.
* Magh-Midhe. — This is placed in Cianachta by Keating.
a Magh- Cobha. — This is placed in Ui-Eathach,
i. e. Iveagh, in Ulster, by Keating See note u,
under A. D. 1252.
b Magh- Cuma, in Ui-Neill. — Unknown. c Magh-Fearnmhaighe : now Farney, a barony in the south of the county of Monaghan.
d Magh-Riada. — This was the ancient name of a plain in Laoighis, or Leix, in the present Queen's County, and contained the forts of Lec-Reda and Eath-Bacain, where the chiefs of Laoighis resided, and the church called Domh- nach-mor. — See the Tripartite Life of St. Pa-
3530.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
37
Mac-Uaisr; Magh-Faithne, in Airtheara5; Magh-Dairbhreach', in Fotharla Dair- bhreach ; Magh-Lughnau, in Cianachta ; Magh-inisw, in Uladh ; Magh-Cuile- feadha, in Fearnmhagh*; Magh-Comairy ; Magh-Midhez ; Magh-Cobhaa; Magh- Cuma, in Ui-Neillb ; Magh-Fearnmhaighec, in Oirghialla ; and Magh-Riadad. These are the forts : Rath-Croich, in Magh-inise; Rath-Cuinceadha, in Seimhnef; Rath-Bacain, in Latharna8 ; Rath-Lochaid, at Glascharnh ; Rath-glaisicuilg, which is called Rath-Ciombaoith', at Eamhain ; Rath-Mothaigh* ; Rath-Buirg, in Sleachtmhagh1. The rivers were the Siuirm, Feil", Ercre0, in Munster ; the three Finns" ; and the three Coimdes".
The Age of the World, 3530. This was the first year of the reign of Eithrial, son of Trial Faidh, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3549. The twentieth year of the reign of'Eithrial, son of Irial Faidh, son of Eremon, when he fell by Conmhael, son of Emer, in
trick in Trias Tfiaum., p. 155.
' Rath-Croich, in Magh-inis : i. e. in the ba- rony of Locale, in the county of Down. Not identified.
' Rath- Cuincheadka in Seimhne — Island-Magee, in the county of Antrim, was anciently called Rinn-Seimhne, and this fort was probably on it, but the name is obsolete.
1 Rath-bacain, in'Latharna: i. e. in Larne, a territory, in the county of Antrim, now in- cluded in the barony of Upper Glenarm. The name of this fort is obsolete.
6 Rath-Lochaid, at Glascharn — Both names unknown.
' Rath-Cimbaoith — This was the name of one of the forts at Emania, or the Navan, near Ar- magh. There was another fort of the name in the plain of Seimhne, near Island-Magee, in the present county of Antrim.
k Rath-Mothaigh. — Now Raith-Mothaigh, an- glice Ryemoghy, in a parish of the same name, in the barony of Raphoe and county of Donegal ; and there can be little doubt that Sleachtmhagh was the name of a plain in this parish.
1 Rath-Buirg, in Sleachtmhagh — Called Ratli-
Buirech by Keating. Not identified.
m The £«<!>.— Now anglice " The Suir," which rises in Sliabh Aldiuin, or the Devil's Bit Moun- tain, in the barony of Ikerrin, and county of Tipperary, and, flowing by or through Thurles, Holycross, Golden Bridge, and Cahir, Ardfinan, and Carrick-on-Suir, and Waterford, finally unites with the Barrow, at Comar-na na dtri n- Uisceadh, about a mile below Waterford.
n Feil. — There is a river of this name in the county of Kerry, giving name to the village of Abbeyfeale, by which it passes ; but it is quite evident, from the Leabhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys, that the river Corrane, which Hows from Loch Luighdheach, alias Corrane Lough, in the barony of Iveragh, in the west of the same county, was also originally called " Abhainn- Feile," and that is the river here alluded to.
0 Ercre. — Now unknown.
v The three Finns. — The River Finn, flowing through the barony of Raphoe, in the county of Donegal, was the principal one of these. The other two were probably tributary streams to it.
* The three Coimdes. — Not identified.
38
Rioghachca eiReawN. [3550.
Gmip i ccac ttaipfno. Ip i jiemfp an Gcpeoil pi po plechcaicc na maijhe pi, Ueanma5h la Connachroib, TTlajh LujaD la Lui£ne, TTlajh mbealais la MM cCuipcpe, TTlasSeipille la hUib bpailje, TTlash Ochcaip la Laijniu, Locmagh la Conaille, -| TTlaj T?oc la hUib Gachoach.
Qoip Domain, cpf mile cuig cfo caoja. Qn ceo bliabain Do pije Conrhaoil, mac Girinp, op Gpinn innpm. Ceo 17i Gpeann a TTlurhoin epiDe.
Qoip Domain, cpf mfle 0(115 cet) peacrmojac anaoi. lap mbeic Oech mbliaDna picfc DoConmaol, macGmip, i pije nGpeann copcaip i ccacQonaij TTlacha la Cijfpnmup mac pollaijh. Conmaol rpa ap laip DO cuipfb na caca po, cac ^eipille, i ccopcaip palap mac Gpearhom, car beppe, car Slebe 6fta la hUib Cpemrainn, car Ucha, cacCnucha, cac Slebe TTloDaipn i ccopcaip Sempoch mac Inboich, each Clepe, cac Capn moip i ccopcaip Ollac, cac Cocha Lfin popGapna, TTlaipcine,-] popTTlob Ruic, mac TTlopebip, opfpoib bolj, cac Gle.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile cuij cfo occmo£ac. Qn ceo bliaDain Do pije Uijfpnmaip mic pollai^ op Gpinn.
CCoip Domain, cpf mfle cfo occmojac a haon. Qn oapa blia&ain Do pije Uijfpnmaip, comaibm na naoi loch po. Loch nUaip i TTlibe, Loch nlaipn,
', Raeire. — Genit. Raeireann. O'Flaherty says y Lochmhagh, in Conaille Keating places this
that this is the name of a hill in Hyfalgia, but in Connaught.
does not tell us its exact situation. It is the * Magh-roth. — Called by Keating Magh-rath.
place now called Raeipe mop, in the territory This was the name of a plain in the present
of Iregan, or barony of Tinnahinch, in the county of Down, the position of which is deter-
Queen's County, which was a part of the ancient mined by the village of Moira.
Ui-Failghe, or Offaly. There is another place a Aenach-Macha This was another name for
of the name in the territory of Ui-Muireadhaigh, Emania, or the Navan fort, near Armagh. Keat-
near Athy, in the county of Kildare. ing says that Conmael was buried at the south
' Teanmhagh. — Unknown. side of Aenach-Macha, at a place then called
' Magh-Lughadh.— Unknown. Feart Conmhaoil.— See Halliday's edit., p. 320.
u Magh-bealaiffh, in Ui-Tuirtre : i. e. plain of b Geisill — Now Geshil, in the King's County, the road or pass. Ui-Tuirtre was the name of c Berra. — This is probably Bearhaven, in the
a tribe and territory in the present county of south-west of the county of Cork. Antrim, but the name of the plain is unknown. d Sliabh-Beatha.— There is no Sliabh Beatha
"Magh-Oemlle: i. e. the plain of GeshilL This in Ireland but that on the borders of the coun- was the ancient name of a plain included in the ties of Fermanagh and Monaghan, already men- present barony of Geshill, in the King's County, tioned, note f, under A. M. 2242.
1 Afagh-Ochtair, in Leinster.— Unknown. « Ucha.— Not identified.
3550.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
39
the battle of Kaeirer. It was in the reign of this Eithrial that these plains were cleared : Teanmagh8, in Connaught ; Magh Lughadh', in Luighne ; Magh-Bea- laigh, in Ui-Tuirtreu ; Magh-Geisillew, in Ui-Failghe ; Magh-ochtair, in Leinster1 ; Lochtnhagh, in Conailley; Magh-rothz, in Ui-Eathach.
The Age of the World, 3550. This was the first year of the reign of Conmael, son of Eraer, over Ireland. He was the first king of Ireland from Munster.
The Age of the World, 3579. Conmael, son of Emer, having been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell, in the battle of Aenach-Macha", by Tighernmus, son of Follach. By Conmael had been fought these battles : the battle of Geisill", in which fell Palap, son of Eremon ; the battle of Berra0; the battle of Sliabh Beatha", in Ui Creamhthainn ; the battle of Uchae; the battle of Cnuchaf ; the battle of Sliabh Modhairn*, in which fell Semroth, son of Inboith ; the battle of Clere"; the battle of Carnmor'1, in which fell Ollach ; the battle of Loch Lein", against the Ernai1 and Martinei™, and against Mogh Ruith, son of Mofebis of the Firbolgs ; the battle of Elen.
The Age of the World, 3580. The first year of the reign of Tighernmas, son of Folloch, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3581. The second year of the reign of Tighern- mas, the eruption of these nine lakes [occurred] : Loch Uair°, in Meath ; Loch
f Cnucha. — This place is described as over the River Liffey, in Leinster. — See Keating in the reign of Lughaidh Mac Con, and the Battle of Cnucha. It was probably the ancient name of Castleknock.
1 Sliabh- Modhairn. — This was the ancient name of a range of heights near Ballybay, in the barony of Cremorne, and county of Mo- naghan. The Mourne mountains, in the south of the county of Down, were originally called Beanna Boirche, and had not received their pre- sent name before the fourteenth century.
" Clere — Not identified. It may be Cape Clear, Co. Cork, or Clare Island, county Mayo.
' Carn-mor. — This was probably Carn-mor Sleibhe Beatha, for the situation of which see note ', A. M. 2242, p. 3, supra.
k Loch-Lein — The lakes at Killarney were originally so called. The name is now applied to the upper lake only.
1 Ernai, — A sept of the Firbolgs, seated in the present county of Kerry.
m Martinet. — A sept of the Firbolgs anciently seated in the baronies of Coshlea and Small County, in the county of Limerick, and in that
of Clanwilliam, in the county of Tipperary
See Book of Lismore, fol. 176, a. a. where Emly is referred to as in the very centre of this terri- tory.
n Ele. — A territory in the south of the King's County.
0 Loch Uair. — These lakes are set down iu a very irregular order by1 the Four Masters. Keating and O'Flaherty have given their names
aNwata Rioshacnca eiueaNN.
[3656.
Loch Ce , Connachcmb, Loch Sadeano, Loch nQ.llfno , cConnacca*, Loch pealiail, Loch ^aBaip, Oubloch 1 Loch Daball , lOippallaib.
dor ooma,; cp, mil* T* cfo eaoccac a re. dr f an blmbam p an reaccma6 blmbau, oecc ap cp* Ffchc,b t>o U,5fPnmar na pi* or Spurn. Or la,r po bpireab na caca fo pop fiol nBmh.p n Fop apaill oepfnncoib 1 Jacca"pcenela,b o,le cen mo cacrom. Qc.ao fo na caca hi^n, each Glle , eopcaip Rocopb, mac5oUa,n, each Locmu,5e 1 ccapchaiT . Oa5a,pr* mac Rt»U micSollam, each Cula a,pD , mui^r, each Chuile Rpaochain, carh Hla^e Cechr, each Commaip, each Cula ach5uipc , Semne, each Q.po N,aDh hi cConnachcaiB, car Caipn F^«6oij , copch01p F^paoac mac Ro- chmpb, mic ^ollain, 6 pdicfp Capn pfpa6ai5, each Cnameoille hi Connach ca!b each Cuile Fea6a, each Reabh, each Con5nai6e , Uuaic Gaba, each Cluana Cuar, i Ueachba, each Cluana TTlu.prcce, i mbpepne, Da each Chuile i ndp5ac Rop, each Gle, cac beppe, Seachc ccaca a5 Loch Luj-
in better succession. The Four Masters should have transcribed them in the following order : LochUair, Lochn-Iairn, Loch Saighleann, Loch Gabhair, and Dubh-loch, in Meath ; Loch Ce and Loch Ailleann, in Connaught ; and Loch Feabhail and Loch Dabhall, in Ulster. Loch Uair is now corruptly called in Irish Loch Uail, anglice Lough Owel, and is situated near Mul- lingar, in the county of Westmeath.
p Loch n-Iairn. — Now Lough Iron, situated on the western boundary of the barony of Corkaree, in the county of Westmeath.
9 Loch Ce in Connaught. — Now Lough Key, near Boyle, in the county of Eoscommon.
' Loch Saileann — Now Loch Sheelin, on the borders of the counties of Cavan, Longford, and Meath.
s Loch n- Ailleann. — Now Lough Allen, in the county of Leitrim ; by some considered the true source of the Shannon.
' Loch Feabhail. — Now Lough Foyle, an arm of the sea between the counties of Londonderry and Donegal. It is stated in the Dinnseanchus and by Keating, that this lough took its name
from Febhal, son of Lodan, one of the Tuatha- De-Dananns.
u Loch- Gabhair. — This lough is now dried up, but the place is still called Loch Gobhar, anglice
Lagore&r Logore See Colgan's.4cta Sanctorum,
p. 422, n. 14, and Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, vol. i. p. 424.
" Dubh-loch: the Black Lough. Keating places this lough in the territory of Ard-Cianachta, now the barony of Ferrard, in the county of Louth. * Loch- Dabhall, in Oirghialla. — This was the ancient name of a lake not far from the town of Armagh, but the name is obsolete. — See note w, on Cluain-Dabhail, under the year 1514.
'Elle — Otherwise Elne or Magh Elne, was the name of a district lying between the rivers Bann and Bush, in the present county of Antrim.
" Lochmagh: i. e. Plain of the Lake; the situa- tion of this lake is uncertain.
"•Cul-ard, in Magh-inis — In the barony of Le- cale, county of Down.
b Cuil-Fraechain: i. e. the Corner or Angle of the Bilberries ; not identified. c Magh-Teacht.—See A. M.
3656.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
41
n-Iairnp; Loch Ceq, in Connaught; Loch Saileannr; Loch n-Ailleanns, in Con- naught ; Loch Feabhail'; Loch Gabhair"; Dubhloch"; and Loch DabhalF, in Oirghialla.
The Age of the World, 3656. This was the seventeenth year above three score of Tighearnmas, as king over Ireland. It was by him the following bat- tles were gained over the race of Emhear, and others of the Irish, and foreigners besides. These were the battles : the battle of Elley, in which fell Rochorb, son of Gollan ; the battle of Lochmaghz, in which fell Dagairne, son of Goll, son of Gollan ; the battle of Cul-ard1, in Magh-inis ; the battle of Cuil Fraechanb; the battle of Magh-techtc; the battle of Commard; the battle of Cul-Athguirte, in Seirnhne ; the battle of Ard-Niadhf, in Connaught ; the battle of Carn- FearadhaighE, in which fell Fearadha_ch, son of Rochorb, son of Gollan, from whom Carn-Fearadhaigh is called ; the battle of Cnamh-choillh, in Connaught; the battle of Cuil-Feadha1 ; the battle ofReabh"; the battle of Congnaidhe, in Tuath-Eabha1 ; the battle of Cluain-Cuasm, in Teathbha ; the battle of Cluain- Muirsge", in Breifne ; the two battles of Cuil0, in Argat-Ross ; the battle of Elep ; the battle of Berraq; seven battles at Loch Lughdhachr; two other battles at
d Commar — Not identified. There are count- less places of the name in Ireland.
' Cul-Athguirt, in Seimhne. — This was some- where near Island Magee, but the name is now obsolete.
' Ard-Niadh : i. e. Hill of the Hero ; not identified.
* Carn-Feradhaigh: i. e. Fearadhach's Cam or Sepulchral Heap. This is referred to in the Book of Lecan, fol. 204, as on the southern boundary of the territory of Cliu-Mail. It was probably the ancient name of Seefin, in the ba- rony of Coshlea, in the south of the county of Limerick.
" Cnamh-choill : i. e. Wood of the Bones. This was probably the ancient name of a wood in the district of Cuil-Cnamha, in the east of the barony of Tireragh, and county of Sligo. There were two other places of this name in Munster.
1 Cuil-feadha : i. e. Corner or Angle of the Wood. St. Columbkille fought a battle at a
place of this name, but it has not been identi- fied by any of our writers.
k Beabh. — Unknown.
• Congnaidh, in Tuath-Eabha — Tuath-Eabha is now called Machaire-Eabha, and is situated at the foot of Binbulbin, in the barony of Car- bery, and county of Sligo.
10 Cluan-cuas: i. e. the Plain of the Caves, now Cloncoose, in the barony of Granard, county of Longford. — See Inquisitions, Lagenia, Longford, i. Jac. I.
n Cluain-Muirsge. — Not identified.
°Cuil, in Argat-Ross. — Now Coole, in the pa- rish of Bathbeagh, on the Nore, county Kilkenny.
p Eile — Not identified. There are several places of the name in Ireland.
q Bern. — Probably Beare, in the county of Cork.
' Loch Lughdach — Now Loch Luigheach, or Corrane lough, in the barony of Iveragh, and county of Kerry.
42 dNNCita Rioshachca eiReanR [3657
bach, Da car oil) i nQpjao Rop, cpi cacha pop piopa bolg, cac Cuile pobaip pop Gpna.
Op la Uijfpnmup tieop po bfpbab op ap cup i nGpmn, i poicpib Qipchip Lippe. Uchaoan cfpo opfpoib Cualann pooup bfpb Qp laip po curhoaijic cuipn -] bpfcnappa t>op -| Oap^ac in nGpmn ap cup. dp laip cugab puamnab pop eooishib, copcaip, jopm, i uaine. Qp na pfimiup cobpuchcab cfopa noub aibnfoli Gpeann, pubna, Uopann,-] Callann, a nanmanna. Qbpoipcfno na bliabna poacbailpiorh-, 50 cfopaib cfrpamnaib pfp nGpeann ime, i mopbail TTlaije Slechc, ipm mbpfipne, 05 abpab DoCpom Cpoach, aipoiobal abapcha Gpfnn eipibe, oioche hSariina Do hponpab innpin. C(p Do na pleaccanaib DO ponpac pip Gpionn im Uijfpnniap hipuibe po haimnmjeab an majh.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile pe cfo caojacc a peachc. Qn cCo bliabain oGpino ^an pij lap cCijfpnmap innpin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile pe cfo pfpccac a cpi. Qn peachcmab bliabain inopin. 6aoi 6pe jan pfj ppi pe na pfchc mbliaban pin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile pe cfo peapccac a cfraip. Qn ceao bliabain oGochaib Guojabach na pij 6p Gpinn inopin. Qp aipe acbfpap Gochaib Guojabach ppip ap ap laipcuccab ilbpfchcpab jaca oaca i neoijib ap cup
s Cuil-Fobhair — This was the name of a place make gold and silver pinns to put in men's and
iu the district of Muintir-Fathaigh, otherwise women's garments about their necks; and also
called Dealbhna-Cuile-Fabhair, on the east side he was the first that ever found" [i. e. invented]
of Lough Corrib, in the county of Galway. " the dyeing of" [parti-] " coloured clothes in
' Foithre-Airthir-Liffe. — Keating calls the Ireland." Keating says that Tighearnmas was
place Fotharta-Oirer Life, but the true reading the first Irish king who established the custom
is Fotharta-Airthir-Life, i. e. the Territory of of distinguishing the rank of his subjects by
Fotharta, to the east of the River Life. For different colours in their dress, as one colour
the situation of the seven Fothartas, see Ogygia, in the garment of a slave, two colours in the
part iii. c. 64, and Duald Mac Firbis's genealogi- garment of a peasant, three in that of a soldier,
cal work (Marquis of Drogheda's copy, p. 139). four in that of a brughaidh or public victual-
u Feara- Cualann.— See A. M. 3501. ler, five in that of the chieftain of a territory,
* Goblets and brooches.— In Mageoghegan's and six in that of the ollav (chief professor)
translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, the and in those of kings and Queens. Nearly the
following notices are given under the reign of same account is given in the Book of Leean, fol.
Tighernmas: " He was the first who caused 290, a, a; and in H. 2. 18, Trin. Coll. Dub.;
standing cuppes to be made, the refining of which latter manuscript adds that all these
gould and silver, and procured his Goldsmith colours were then used in the bishop's dress,
(named Ugden), that dwelt near the Liffie, to The Four Masters ascribe the establishment of
3657-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 43
Argat-Ross ; three battles against the Firbolgs ; the battle of Cuil-Fobhair!, against the Ernai.
It was by Tighearnmas also that gold was first smelted in Ireland, in Foithre-Airthir-Lifie'. [It was] Uchadan, an artificer of the Feara-Cualann", that smelted it. It was by him that goblets and brooches" were first covered with gold and silver in Ireland. It was by him that clothes were dyed purple, blue, and green. It was in his reign the three black rivers of Ireland burst forth, Fubhnax, Toranny, and Callann2, their names. At the end of this year he died, with the three-fourths of the men of Ireland about him, at the meeting of Magh-Slecht", in Breifne, at the worshipping of Crom Cruach, which was the chief idol of adoration in Ireland. This happened on the night of Samhainb precisely. It was from the genuflections0 which the men of Ireland made about Tighearnmas here that the plain was named.
The Age of the World, 3657. This was the first year of Ireland without a king, after [the death of] Tighearnmas.
The Age of the World, 3663. This was the seventh year. Ireland was without a king during the period of these seven years.
The Age of the World, 3664. This was the first year of Eochaidh Ead- ghadhach, as king over Ireland. He was called Eochaidh Eadghadhach because it was by him the variety of colour was first put on clothes in Ireland, to dis-
these colours to Eochaidh Eadghadhach. stood near a river called Gathard, and St. Pa-
1 Fubhna, now most probably the Una1 River, trick erected a church called Domhnachmor,
in Tyrone — See A. D. 1516. in the immediate vicinity of the place. — See
7 Torann. — Unknown. There is a Touro River Vita Tripart., lib. ii. c. 31. According to the
near Youghal. Dinnsenchus, this was the principal idol of all
1 Callann Now the River Gallon, in the the colonies that settled in Ireland from the
county of Armagh. earliest period to the time of St. Patrick, and
* Magh-Sleacht. — This is translated campus they were wont to offer to it the firstlings of
excidii by Dr. O'Conor, but more correctly, animals, and other offerings — See Rerun Hiber-
campus adorationis, by Colgan. — Trias Thaum., nicarum Scriptores, Prolegomena, part i. p. 22.
p. 133. This was the name of a plain in the b Night of Samhain The eve of All- Hallows
barony of Tullyhaw and county of Cavan. The is so called by the Irish at the present day. It
village of Baile Meg-Shamhradhain, now Bally- is compounded of fam, summer, and pum,
magauran, and the island of Port, are men- end.
tioned as situated in this plain. — See note on c Genuflections. — Dr. O'Conor translates this
Baile-Mheg-Shamhradhain, under A. D. 1431. " propter excidium quod passi sunt viri Hiber-
Crom Cruach, the chief idol of the Pagan Irish, nise ;" but this is evidently erroneous.
G2
44 CINNCKXI Rio^hachca emeawN. [3667.
i nGpinn, DeiDipOeliujab onopa gac aoin ap a foach, oca fpeal 50 huapal. Op amlaib Din po Debg fccoppa, aenDac i nfooijib mogab, aoo i nfooijib amopp, a cpi i neooijhib oajlaoch ~\ oiscijfpnab, a cearaip i nfooijib bpujab, a cuig i nfooijib cijeapnab cuach, a pe i neooijib ollarhan, a pfchc i neDoijib
pioj 1 pfojhan.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile pe cfo pfpccac a peachc. Qn cfcpamab bliabam DGochaib. hi bpoipcfno an cfcpamab bliabain Dia pije DO pocaip la Cfpmna mac Gbpic i ccach Uearhpa.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile pe cfo peapccac a hochc. Ctn cfo bliabain Do Sobaipce i DO Cfpmna pionD, Da mac Gbpic, mic 6mip, mic Ip, mic TTlileab, op Gpinn, i po pannpac.eacoppa i ap Do, Sobaipce ruaich i nOun Sobaipce, -j Cfpmna reap i nOun Cfpmna. Oa ceopi'j Gpeann Do Sliocc Ip laopiDe.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile peachc ccfo a peachc. Ctp mbfin cfcpachac blia&ain DO na piojhaib pi a ccomplaiciup op Gpinn, Do cheap Sobaipce la liGochaib TTleanD opomoipib, -\ Do pochaip Cfpmna la hGochaib bpaobap- glap mac Conmaoil. ,
Qoip Domain, cpi mile peachc cceD a hochc. Qn ceo bliabam oGochaib paobapglap, mac Conmail, mic Gmip, op Gpinn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile peachc cceo piche a peace, lap mbfic imoppo DGochaiD piche bliabam i pije Gpeann copchaip la piacha Cabpainne i ccach Capmain i noiojoil a achap. QciaD anopo na caca po cuipiD ~\ na maije po pleaccaio la hGochaiD ppaobapglap. Cach Luacpa OeabaD, each popaiD Da gopc, each Comaip cpi nuipcce, each Uuama Opeacon i nUib bpium bpeippne, each Opoma Liacan. Qciacc na maije, TTlajh Smf-
d Dun-Sobhairce. — Now Dunseverick, near the Kingsborough's Sale Catalogue, where the fol-
Giants' Causeway, in the north of the county of lowing notice of this place occurs : Antrim — See A. M. 3501. "Places of note in this barony" [i. e. Gourde's]
' Dun-Cearmna: i. e. Cearmna's Dun, or Fort, "are, 1. Kingrone; 2. Castle-ni-park and Rin-
Keating (Holiday's edition, p. 125) says that corran, &c.; 3. The Old Head of Kinsale, a
this was called Dun-Mhic-Padruig, in his own noted promontory anciently called Dun-Cermna,
time. It was the name of an old fort situated or Down-Cermna, from Cearmna, King of half
on the Old Head of Kinsale, a famous promon- Ireland, who, upon the division of the kingdome
tory in the south of the county of Cork — See between him and Sovarcy, came hither and
O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, in voce Dun-Cearmna ; built his royal seat, and called it after his own
and Carbria Notitia, a manuscript, written in name. Of later years it was called Down mc
1686, which formed No. 591 of the late Lord Patrick."
3667-3 ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 45
tinguish the honour of each by his raiment, from the lowest to the highest. Thus was the distinction made between them : one colour in the clothes of slaves ; two in the clothes of soldiers ; three in the clothes of goodly heroes, or young lords of territories ; six in the clothes of ollavs ; seven in the clothes of kings and queens.
The Age of the World, 3667. The fourth year of Eochaidh. At the end of the fourth year of his reign, he fell by Cearmna, son of Ebric, in the battle of Teamhair [Tara].
The Age of the World, 3668. The first year of [the joint reign of] So- bhairce and Cearmna Finn, the two sons of Ebric, son of Emher, son of Ir, son of Milidh, over Ireland ; and they divided it between them into two parts : Sobhairce [resided] in the north, atDun-Sobhairced; and Cearmna in the south, at Dun-Cearmnae. These were the first kings of Ireland of the race of Ir.
The Age of the World, 3707. After these kings had been forty years in the joint sovereignty of Ireland, Sobhairce was slain by Eochaidh Meann, of the Fomorians ; and Cearmna fell by Eochaidh Faebharghlas, son of Conmael.
The Age of the World, 3708. The first year of Eochaidh Faebhar-ghlas, son of Conmael, son of Emhear, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3727. After Eochaidh had been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by FiachaLabhrainne, in the battle of Carman [Wexford],in revenge of his father. These were the battles that were fought, and the plains that were cleared, by Eochaidh Faebharghlas : the battle of Luachair- Deadhadl/ ; the battle of Fosadh-da-ghortg ; the battle of Comar-tri-nUisge11 ; the battle of Tuaim-Drecon', in Ui-Briuin-Breifne ; the battle of Druim-Liathain". These are the plains : Magh-Smeathrach1, in Ui-Failghe ; Magh-n-Aidhnem,
' Luachair-Deadhadh — Now Sliabh-Luachra, on the borders of the counties of Cavan and
anglice Slieve Loughra, near Castleisland, in the Fermanagh,
county of Kerry. k Druim-Liaihain This is probably intended
1 Fosadh-da-ghort — The Habitation of the for Druim-leathan, now Drumlahan, or Drum- two Fields. Not identified. lane, in the county of Cavan.
» Comar-tri-nUisge: i. e. the Meeting of the ' Magh-Smeathrach — Not identified.
Three Waters, i. e. of the rivers Suir, Nore, and m Magh-n-Aidhne A level district . in the
Barrow, near Waterford. present county of Galway, all comprised in the
1 Tuaim-Drecon: i. e. the mount or tumulus diocese of Kilmacduagh. Keating reads Magh-
of Brecon, now Toomregan, near Ballyconnell, Laighne.
46 aNNdta Rioshachca eiReaNR [3728.
epoch la hUib ppailje, ™a5 "Cbone, TTlaj Luipg i Connachraib, TTla5h Leamna, TTla5h nlmp, Tlla5h pubna, -] TTla5h Da 5abop la hdipjmllaib.
Uoip Domain, cpi mile pfchc ccfo piche a hochc. Qn ceo bliaDam DO pije piachac tabpainne op Gpmn inopin.
doip Domain, cpi mile peachc cceo caoccac a haon. Qn cfrparhab bliaoam picic po poipcfno pije piachac Labpainne, -] Do cfp la hGochaib mumo Don TTlumom i ccac bealgaDain. dp lap an bpiacha tabpainne pi po bpipeaD na cara po. Cach ^aclaije i ccopcaip TTlopebip mac 6ac- Dach paobapjlaip, each paippje pop cloinn Grhip, each Slebe pfimin, each ppf hGpnoib opfpoib bolj an bail i puil Loch Gpne. lap meabpain an caca poppa ap ann po meab'aiD an loch caippib, conao uaca ainmnijcep an loch .1. loch cap Gpnaib. dp a pfimiupan piachacfona cobpuchcab na cceopa naibneaD, pleapc, ITlano, -| Labpano, Dia po 111 an popainm paippium.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile pfcc cceo caosac a Do. Qn ceo bliaDam DO pfje Gachoac TTlumo, mac TTlopebip, op Gpinn inDpin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile peachc cceD peachcmojac a DO. bliaDam ap pichic DGochaiD i pije nGpeann, co ccopcaip la hGonjup Olmucaba i ccac Cliach.
n Magh-Luirg. — Now the plains of Boyle, in in Tyrone flows.
the county of Koscommon. ' Magh-da-ghabhar : i. e. the Plain of the Two
"Magh-Leamhna. — This plain was well known, Goats. Keating calls it Magh-da-ghabhal, i- e.
and otherwise called Closach, in the time of " the Plain of the Two Forks," which is pro-
Colgan, who describes it as " Eegio campestris bably the correct form. — See Magh-da-ghabhal
Tironiae Diocesis Clocharensis vulgo Mag-Lemna under the year 1011.
aliis Clossach dicta." It is shewn on an old s Bealgadan. — Now Bulgadan, a townland in
Map of Ulster, preserved in the State Papers' the parish of Kilbreedy Major, near Kilmallock,
Office, London, as " the Countrie of Cormac in the county of Limerick.
Mac Barone" [O'Neill]. The fort of Augher ' Gathlach. — Now probably Gayly, in the ba-
and the village of Ballygawley are represented rony of Iraghticonor, county of Kerry.
as in this district, the town of Clogher being u Fairrge Not identified.
on its western, and the church of Errigal-Kee- w Sliabh Feimhin: i. e. the mountain of Feim-
roge on its northern boundary, and the River hin, a territory comprised in the barony of Iffa
Blackwater flowing through it. and Offa East, in the county of Tipperary. This
' Magh-n-Inir. — Called by Keating Magh- mountain is now locally called SliaB na m-ban
Nionair. Now unknown. pionn, i. e. the Mountain of the Fair Women,
' Magh-Fubhna: i. e. the plain of the River which is evidently a corruption of SUab na m-
Fubhna. This was probably the ancient name ban Peirheann, i. e. the Mountain of the Women
of the district through which the River Oona of Feimhin See Leabharnag-Ceart, p. 18. Ac-
3728.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 4?
Magh-Luirg", in Connaught ; Magh-Leamhna0, Magh-n-Inirp, Magh-Fubhnaq, and Magh-da-ghabharr, in Oirghialla.
The Age of the World, 3728. This was the first year of the reign of Fiacha Labhrainne over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3751. This was the twenty-fourth year, the ter- mination of the reign of Fiacha Labhrainne ; and he fell by Eochaidh Mumho, of Munster, in the battle of Bealgadan'. It was by this Fiacha Labhrainne the following battles were gained : the battle of Gathlach', in which fell Mofebis, son of Eochaidh Faebharghlas; the battle of Fairrge", against the race of Emhear; the battle of Sliabh Feimhin"; a battle against the Ernai, [a sept] of the Firbolgs, [on the plain] where Loch Erne" [now] is. After the battle was gained from them, the lake flowed over them, so that it was from them the lake is named, that is, " a lake over the Ernai." It was in the reign of the same Fiacha that the springing of these three rivers first took place, [namely], the Fleasc1, the Mandz, and the Labhrann", from which [last] the surname [Labhrainne] clung to him.
The Age of the World, 3752. This was the first year of the feign of Eochaidh Mumho, son of Mofebis, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3772. Twenty-one years was Eochaidh in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he fell by Aengus Olmucadha, son of Fiacha Labh- rainne, in the battle of Cliachb.
cording to a local legend, the women of this * The Labhrann. — The genitive form is 6a-
mountain were enchanted beauties, who were bpainne or 6aBpmnne. Keating, in his History
contemporary with Finn Mac Cumhaill, the of Ireland, calls this InBeap tuBpuinne, which
chief of the Irish militia in the third century. 'Haliday (p. 325) anglicises "theLarne;" but
1 Loch-Erne: i. e. Lough Erne, in the county this is incorrect, because the Lame (in the
Fermanagh. The same account of the eruption county of Antrim) is called, in Irish, Latharna.
of this lake is given in the Leabhar-Gabhala, and We have no direct evidence to prove the situa-
by Duald Mac Firbis (Marquis of Drogheda's tion or modern name of the Labhrann. The
copy, p. 9.) Eiver Lee, in the county of Cork, was originally
* The Fleasc. — Now the Flesk, a river flowing called Sabhrann. But the Eiver Labhrann was
through the barony of Magunihy, in the south- evidently in the same region with the Flesk and
east of the county of Kerry. the Mang, and it may not be rash to conjecture
' The Mand, recte Mang — Now the Maine, a that it was the old name of the Casan-Ciarraighe, river flowing through the barony of Troughan- or Cashen River, in the county of Kerry, acmy, in the west of the same county. Keating " Cliach.—A territory lying around Knock- calls it InBeap mum5e. any, in the county of Limerick.
48
emeciNN.
[3773.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile rfchc cceD j-fccmojac a cpi. Qn ceo bliabam DO pije Qonjupa Olmucaba, mac PIOCO Latipamne, op Gpinn inpinn.
Chip Domain, cpi mile peachc ceo nocac. lap mbfic Ddengup Olmu- caba ochc mbliabna Decc inn aipopije Gpeann Do cfp i ccach Capman la hGnna nQipgreach. Qpe Qengup po bpip na caca po, each Clepe, each Cuipce, cat Slebe Cuil^e pop TTlhaipcme i ccpich Copca baipccinn, each Ruip Ppaocam i TTluipipcc i copchaip ppaochan pdib, each Caipn TCicfba, each Guile T?aca i nOeapmurham, each SleBe Cua pop Gpna, each dipoa- chaib i copcaip Smiopjoll mac Smeachpa, pi pomoipe, caoja cac pop Cpuic- fncuaici pop piopa bolg, Da each Dec pop LonjbapDaib, -| cficpe caca pop Colaipc. Qciac na locha po comaibmpeac ina pe, Coch aonbfichi la hUib Cperhcuinn, Loch Saileac, Loch na ngapan i TTlaij Luipg la Connachcaib, -| TTlupbpuchc eioip Gaba i l?op Cecce. Qp la hQonjup Ona po pleachcaD na maije yo, TTlaj 5^lnne t)ecori ^a Cenel Conaill, TTlash TTlucpuime la
c Aengus Olmucadha: i. e. Aengus of the large Swine — See Ogygia, part iii. c. 27. In Mageo- ghegan's translation of the Annals of Clonmac- noise, the name of this king is anglicised " Enos Olmoye," and in Irish, in the margin, Qohjup OUmujaio, i.e. Aengus the great Destroyer.
d Carmann — Now Wexford. See A. M. 3727.
e Clere.— See A. M. 3579.
f Cuirce — Not identified. See it again men- tioned under A. M. 4981.
s Sliabh- Cailge — There is no mountain in the territory of Corca-Bhaiscinn now bearing this name. It appears from the Life of St. Senanus, the territory of Corca-Bhaiscinn originally com- prised the barony of Ibrickan, as well as those of Moyarta and Clonderalaw, and it may, there- fore, be well conjectured that Sliabh Cailge was the ancient name of Sliabh-Callain, in the ba- rony of Ibrickan. The only other elevation that could with propriety be called a mountain is Moveen, in the barony of Moyarta.
h Eos-Fraechan — Rosreaghan, in the barony of Murresk, and county of Mayo.
' Carn-Riceadha — Not identified.
1 Cuil-Ratha: i. e. Corner, or Angle of the Fort
I Sliabh Cua. — Now SliabhGua, anglice Slieve Gua, in the parish of Sheskinan, barony of Decies-without-Drum, and county of Waterford. The more elevated part of this mountain is now called Cnoc Maeldomhnaigh ; but the whole range was originally called Sliabh Cua.
m Ard-Achadh — There are many places of this name in Ireland, now anglicised Ardagh, but that here referred to is probably Ardagh, in the county of Longford.
II Cruithean-Tuath : i. e. the nation or country of the Picts.
0 Longobardai : i. e. the Longobardi, or Lom- bards. This name was scarcely known to the Irish at the period we are treating of. They are mentioned by Tacitus and by Suetonius in the first century, and by Prosper in the fourth, and from these, no doubt, the Irish writers first became acquainted with the name. It would appear from the lives of St. Patrick, that one of his nephews was of this tribe.
p Colaisti.— Not identified. These foreign
3773.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
49
The Age of the World, 3773. This was the first year of the reign of Aengus Olmucadhac over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3790. After Aengus Olmucadha had been eigh- teen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell in the battle of Carmannd, by Enna Airgtheach. It was Aengus that gained the following battles. The battle of Clere6; the battle of Cuircef ; the battle of Sliabh-Cailgeg, against the Martini, in the territory of Corca-Bhaiscinn ; the battle of Ros-Fraechan", in Muirisc, in which fell Fraechan, the prophet ; the battle of Carn-Rieeadha' ; the battle of Cuil-rathak, in South Munster ; the battle of Sliabh Cua1, against the Ernai ; the battle of Ard-achadhm, in which fell Smiorgall, son of Smeathra, king of the Fomorians ; fifty battles against the Cruifchean-Tuath" and the Fir- bolo-s ; twelve battles against the Longbardai0; and four battles against the Colaistip. These are the lakes which burst forth in his time : Loch Aenbheithe11, in Ui-Cremhthainn ; Loch Saileachr; Loch-na-ngasans, in Magh-Luirg, in Con- naught ; and the eruption of the sea between Eabha' and Ros-Cette11. It was by Aengus also that these plains were cleared : Magh-Glinne-Deconw,'in Cinel-
tribes are not mentioned by name in Mageoghe- gan's translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, in which it is merely stated that " strangers made many invasions in his time, but he cou- ragiously withstood and drove them out to the cost of their bloods and lives, by giving them many bloody overthrows, and covering divers fields with heaps of their dead bodies."
q Loch-Aenbheithe: i. e. the Lake of the one Birch Tree. The territory of Ui-Creamhthainn was known in the time of Colgan, who describes it as a regiuncula included in the barony of Slane,
in Meath See Trias Thaum., p. 184, and O'Fla-
herty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 76. The most con- siderable lake now in this territory is Bellahoe Lough, on the confines of the counties of Meath and Monaghan, and about four miles and a quar- ter to the south of the town of Carrickmacross ; and this is probably the Loch Aenbheithe re- ferred to in the text.
' Loch Saileach: Lake of the Sallows. Called
by Keating Loch Sailcheadain, i. e. laws saliceti. Not identified.
s Loch-na-nGasan: i. e. Lake of the Sprigs or Sprays. The Editor made strict inquiry in the territory of Moylurg, or barony of Boyle, in the county of Roscommon, for the name of this lake, but found that it is obsolete. Nothing has been yet discovered to identify it.
^Eabha. — This is otherwise called Magh Eabha, and now always Machaire- Eabha, anglice Maghe- row. — See Magh-nEabha, under A. M. 2859-
u Ros-Cette. — This was the ancient? name of a point of land now called " the Rosses," lying between the river of Sligo and that of Drum- cliff, in the barony of Carbury, and county of Sligo. It is separated from Machaire-Eabha by the creek and river of Drumcliffe.
" Magh-Glinne-Decon — Called Magh-Glinne- Dearcon by Keating, i. e. the plain of the valley of acorns ; but there is no place now bearing either name in Tirconnell.
H
50 QHNata Rio^hachca emeaNN. [3791-
Connacca, TTlaj Cuile caol la Cenel mfcojaine, TTlaj nOfnpciac la taijne, Qolma5h la Calpaijib, TTlaj Qpcaill la Ciappaige Luachpa,-) TTlagh Luacpa Oeaohaib.
Qoip Domain, cpi rhfle pfchc cceo nocac a haon. Qn ceo bliabam oGnna Qipjcech na pi£ op Gpinn mpin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochr cceo a pfcc oecc. lap ccaichfm pfcc mblia&on ppicfc oGnna Qipgrfc i pije Gpeann DO cfp la Roiceachcaij, mac TTiaoin, mic Qonjupa OlmucaDa, i each Raijne. CXp lap an Gnna Qipgcfc po DO ponra pcech aiji^ic i nQipgfc Rop,5o ccapao Dpfpoib Gpeann amaille pe heachaib i caippchib.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochr cceo a hochc Decc. Qn ceo bliabam DO Roicfceaij mac TTiaoin op Gpinn inopin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochc cceo cfcpacac a Do. 1 ppoipcfno cuicc mbliaban ppicfc Do Roiceaccaij i pije Gpeann cojichaip. la SeDna mac Qipcpi i cCpuacham.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochc cceo ceacpacac a cpi. Qn ceD bliaDain DO pfje Sheona, mic Qipcpi, mic Gbpic, mic Gmip, mic Ip.
Qoip Domain, cpi mfle ochc cceo cfrpacac apeachc. lap mbfic cuicc bliabna DO Seona ipin pije, copchaip la piaca pionpcochac -\ la ITluineamon, mac Caip Clochaij, i cCpuacham.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochc cceo ceacpacac a hocc. Qn ceo bliaDain DO pfje piachac pionpcochaij op Gpinn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochc cceo peapccac a pfcc. lap mbeic opiachaiD pionpcochac piche bliabain i pije Gpionn Do cfp la TTluineamon mac Caip.
1 Magh-Mucruimhe : i. e. the Plain of the Eec- * Aelmhagh: i. e. the Plain of the Lime. We
koning of the Swine. This name is now obsolete, are not told in which of the many districts in
It was anAently applied to a plain in the county Ireland called Calraighe, this plain was situated,
of Galway, lying immediately to the west of the According to O'Clery's Irish Calendar, there was
town of Athenry.— See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, in this plain a church called Domhnach-mor, in
part ni. c. 67- which seven bishops were interred.
" Magh-Cuile-Cad: i. e. the Narrow Plain of " Magh-Arcaill, in Ciarraiffhe-Luachra This
the Corner or Angle. This was the name of a name is not now applied to any plain in Kerry,
narrow plain in the barony of Banagh, in the « Magh-Luachra-Deadhaidh.—This was a level
west of the county of Donegal. tract of Sliabh Luachra, near Castleisland, in the
• Magh-n-Oensciath, in Leinster. — Not identi- county of Kerry.
fied< " Enna Airgtheach: i. e. Enna the Plunderer.
3791-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 51
Conaill ; Magh-Mucruimhex, in Connaught ; Magh-Cuile-Cael, in Cinel-Bogh- ainer ; Magh-n-Oensciath, in Leinsterz ; Aelmhagha, in Calraighe ; Mag- Arcaill, in Ciarraighe-Luachra"; and Magh-Luachra-Deadhaidhc.
The Age of the World, 3791. This was the first year of Enna Airg- theach'', as king over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3817. After Enna Airgtheach had spent twenty- seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell by Raitheachtaigh, son of Maen, son of Aengiis Olmucadha, in the battle of Raighnee. It was by this Enna Airgtheach that silver shields' were made at Airget-Ross; so that he gave them to the men of Ireland, together with horses and chariots.
The Age of the World, 3818. This was the first year of Roitheachtaigh, son of Maen, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3842. After Roitheachtaigh had been twenty-five years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell by Sedna, son of Airtri, at Cruachain".
The Age of the World, 3843. The first year of the reign of Sedna, son of Airtri, son of Eibhric, son of Emher, son of Ir.
The Age of the World, 3847. After Sedna had been five years in the sovereignty, he fell by FiachaFinscothach and Muineamhon, son of Cas Clothach, at Cruachain.
The Age of the World, 3848. The first year of the reign of Fiacha Fins- cothach over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3867. After Fiacha Finscothach had been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell by Muineamhon, son of Cas. Every
Dr. O'Conor renders it " Enna Argenteus." targets to be made in this land, and bestowed
' Raighne. — This place, from which the King abundance of them on his friends and nobility
of Ossory was sometimes called Ri Raijne, was in general."
also called Magh-Eaighne, which was a plain in « Airget-Ross: i. e. the Silver Wood. This is
the ancient Ossory, in which plain was situated said to have derived its name from the silver
the church of Cill-Finche, near the ford of Ath- shields there made by Enna Airgtheach. It is
Duirnbuidhe, at the foot of a great hill called situated on the River Nore, in the parish of Rath-
Dornbuidhe.— See the Feilire Aenguis, at 5th beagh, barony of Galmoy, and county of Kil-
February, 17th September, and 5th November, kenny.— See the Ordnance Map of that county,
f Silver shields. — In Mageoghegan's translation sheets 9 and 10. See it already referred to at
of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, it is stated that A. M. 3501, 3516, and 3656. Enna Airgtheach was of the sept of Heber, and h Cruachain — Now Rathcroghan, near Bela-
that he " was the first king that caused silver nagare, in the county of Roscommon.
H2
52 ctNNCtta Rio^hachca eineaNN. [3868.
6a pcoichpfmpach 506 magh i nGpmn i naimpip phiachac. Oosebcf bf6p a Ian pfona ip na pgochaib ipn, 50 bpaipccfp i Ifpcpaib glainiDibh an pion. ConaD aipe pin po Ifn an popamm piacha pionpcochac Do jaipm De.
Qoip Domain, cjn mile ochc cceo pfpcac a hocc. On ceo bliabain DO pije TTluineamoin, mic Caip Ctochaij, op 6pinn innpin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochc cceo pfchcmojac a Do. 1 ppoipcTnn an coicceaD blia6an Do TTluineamon, acbach no ram i IT) 015 Qione. Qp lap an rnmnfrhon po cuccaO muincfoa oip pa bpaijhoib Riogh -] Ruipfc an cop i nGpinn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochc cceD pfccmojac acpf. Qn cfo bliabain DO
Qoip Domain, cpi mfle ochc cceD occmojac a Do. lap mbeic oech mbliaona opailofpDoio ipm pije DO pochaip la hOllam ppocla.mac piachac pfonpcochaij, i ccach Ufrhpa. Qp lap an pigh pailoeapjDoiD po cuipfo pailge oip im larhoib aipfc i nGpinn ap cup.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile ochc cceo ochcmojac a cpf. Qn ceo b'liabam Do pije Ollarhan pocla, mac piachac pionpcochaig.
Qoip Domain, cpf mile naoi cceao piche a Do. lap mbeic oa pichec bliabam i pije Gpeann oOllam porla, acbail ma mup bubfn i Ufmpoij. Qp e ceona pi lap a nofpnab peip Ueampach, ~\ ap laip Do cogbab TTlup nOllaman i cUfmpaij. Qp e Din po opoaij caoipioch ap gach cpiocha;c
' Fin-scothach: i.e. of the Wine-flowers. Keat- [were] " then in great Use."
ing gives this cognomen the same interpretation, m Faildeargdoid. — He is called Alldeargoid by
but in Connell Mageoghegan's translation of the Keating, and Aldergoid in the Annals of Clon-
Annals of Clonmacnoise it is stated that this macnoise. This name is derived from pail, a
King " was surnamed Ftinnsgohagh of the abun- ring, oe.apj, red, and DOIO, the hand. " In his
bance of white flowers that were in his time," time gold rings were much used on men and
which seems more probable, as wine was then women's fingers in this Realm." —Annals of
unknown in Ireland. Clonmacnoise.
k Magh-Aidhne — See A.M. 3727, supra. " His own mur at Teamhair : i. e. Mur-Ol-
Chains of gold. — Keating has the same, and lamhan, i. e. Ollamh Fodhla's house at Tara.
in Mageoghegan's Annals of Clonmacnoise it In Mageoghegan's translation of the Annals of
is expressed as follows: " Mownemon was the Clonmacnoise, it is stated "that he builded a
first king that devised gould to be wrought in fair palace at Taragh only for the learned sort of
chains fit to be wore about men's necks, and this realm, to dwell in at his own charges." But
rings to be put on their fingers, which was" this is probably one of Mageoghegan's interpo-
'•'• I;
3868.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
53
plain in Ireland abounded with flowers and shamrocks in the time of Fiacha. These flowers, moreover, were found full of wine, so that the wine was squeezed into bright vessels. Wherefore, the cognomen, Fiacha Fin-scothach'1, continued to be applied to him.
The Age of the World, 3868 This was the first year of the reign of Muinemhon, son of Cas Clothach, over Ireland.
The Age of the World., 3872. At the end of the fifth year of Muineamhon, he died of the plague in Magh-Aidhne". It was Muineamhon that first caused chains of gold1 [to be worn] on the necks of kings and chieftains in Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3873. The first year of Faildeargdoid.
The Age of the World, 3882. After Faildeargdoid had been ten years in the sovereignty, lie fell by Ollamh Fodhla, son of Fiacha Finscothach, in the battle of Teamhair. It was by the King Faildeargdoid™ that gold rings were first worn upon the hands of chieftains in Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3883. The first year of the reign of Ollamh Fodhla, son of Fiacha Finscothach.
The Age of the World, 3922. Ollamh Fodhla, after having been forty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died at his own mur [house] at Teamhair11. He was the first king by whom the Feis-Teamhrach0 was established ; and it was by him Mur-Ollamhan was erected at Teamhair. It was he also that appointed a chieftain over every cantred", and a Brughaidh over every town-
lations. A similar explanation of Mur-Ollamhan is given by O'Flaherty in his Ogygia, p. 214 ; but Keating, who quotes an ancient poem as authority for the triennial feast or meeting at Tara, has not a word about the palace built for the Ollamhs — See Petrie's Antiquities of Tara Hill, p. 6.
0 Feis-Teamhrach. — This term is translated " Temorensia Comitia" by Dr. Lynch, in Cam- brensis Eversus, pp. 59, 60, 301, and by O'Fla- herty, in Ogygia, part iii. c. 29 ; but it is called " Cena" [coena] " Teamra," in the Annals of Tighernach, at the year 461, and translated Feast of Taragh by Mageoghegan, in his version of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, in which the
following notice of it occurs :
" Ollow Fodla, of the house of Ulster, was king of Ireland, and of him Ulster took the name. He was the first king of this land that ever kept the great Feast at Taragh, which feast was kept once a year, whereunto all the king's friends and dutiful subjects came yearly; and such as came not were taken for the king's ene- mies, and to be prosecuted by the law and sword, as undutiful to the state."
p Cantred: cpioca ceo : a. e. a hundred or ba- rony containing one hundred and twenty quar- ters of land. It is translated "cantaredus or centivillaria regio" by Colgan. — Trias Thaum., p. 19, n.51.
r)4 QNNaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [3923.
ceo, i bpujaio ap, jach baile,-| a bpojnarii uile DO Rig Gpeann. GochaiD ceoainm OUaman pocla, -\ ap aipe aopubpao Ollam [Po&la] ppip ap a beic na ollam epjna ceoup, -[ ['na] Rfj [poola .1.] 6peann mpomh.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile naoi cceo piche a cpf. Qn ceo bliaoam Do pije pionnacca, mic Ollamon pocla, op Gpmn inopin.
Qoip Domain, cpf mfle naoi cceo cfrpachac a DO. Qn picfcman bliaoam opionnachca op Gpmn innpin. Qcbach lapom DO cam i TTluijinip la hUlcu. dp apfimiup an pfoj pionnacca po pfpab pnfcca 50 mblap pfona conDerhfr an pep. Qf De po lean an popamm ap pionnacca paippiom. 6lim a ainm ap cup.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile naoi cceo cfcpacac a cpf. Qn cfo bliaDain Do pije Slanuill, mic Ollaman pocla, op Gpmn.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile naoi cceo caogac a naoi. Qn pfchcmab bliaDain Decc Do Slanoll ipn pije, co nepbailc i bpoipcfnD na pee pin i Ueampai j, ~\ nf pfp cia galop pop puce ache a pajail mapb, peac nf po pob Oach Do. l?o habnaicfo e apa haicle, •) mp mbeic cfcpachac bliabam ipan aDnacal Dm chupp po cogbao lapom la a mac .1. la hOilill mac Slanuill, -\ po rhaip a copp gan lobab jan leajab an aipfc pin. 6a machcnaD mop -| ba hiongnao la piopa Gpionn an nf pin.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile naoi cceo peapcca. Qn ceo bliabain Do pije ^neDe Ollgochaij op GpmO.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile naoi cceo peaccmojac a haon. Qn oapa bliabam I
" A brttghaidh over every townland. — Dr. Lynch pretation ; but it is evidently legendary, because
renders this passage " singulis agrorum tricen- Finnachta, or Finnshneachta, was very common
ariis Dynastam, singulis Burgis praefectum con- as the name of a man among the ancient Irish,
stituit." A brughaidh, among the ancient denoting Niveus, or snow-white. The name is
Irish, meant a farmer; and his baile or townland still preserved in the surname O'Finneachta,
comprised four quarters, or four hundred and angKce Finaghty.
eighty large Irish acres of land.— See note u, " ,S?ano//._Keating derives this name from
under the year 1186. rldn, health, and oil, great, and adds that he
' Ollamh Fodhla, pronounced OllavFola: i.e. was so called because all his subjects enjoyed
the Ollamh or chief Poet of Fodhla or Ireland. great health in his time. The Annals of Clon-
s MagJi-inis in Uladh — Now the barony of macnoise contain the same remark : Lecale, in the county of Down. See A. M. 3529 " During whose reign the kingdom was free
and 3656. from all manner of sickness." And add: " It is
1 Finnachta.— Keating gives a similar inter- unknown to any of what he died, but died
3923.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 55
landq, who were all to serve the King of Ireland. Eochaidh was the first name of Ollamh Fodhlar; and he was called Ollarnh [Fodhla] because he had been first a learned Ollamh, and afterwards king of [Fodhla, i. e. of] Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3923. This was the first year of the reign of Finnachta, son of Ollamh Fodhla, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3942. This was the twentieth year of the reign of Finnachta over Ireland. He afterwards died of the plague in Magh-inis, in Uladh*. It was in the reign of Finnachta that snow fell with the taste of wine, which blackened the grass. From this the cognomen, Finnachta', adhered to him. Elim was his name at first.
The Age of the World, 3943. The first year of the reign of Slanoll, son of Ollamh Fodhla, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3959. The seventeenth year of Slanollu in the sovereignty ; and he died, at the end of that time, at Teamhair [Tara], and it is not known what disease carried him off ; he was found dead, but his colour did not change. He was afterwards buried ; and after his body had been forty years in the grave, it was taken up by his son, i. e. Oilioll mac Slanuill ; and the body had remained without rotting or decomposing during this period. This thing was a great wonder and surprise to the men of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3960. The first year of the reign of Gedhe Oll- ghothach*' over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 3971. The twelfth year of Gedhe Ollghothach in
quietly on his bed; and after that his body re- the conversation of his subjects in general in
m&inedjive years buried, and did not rott, con- his time, was as sweet a harmony to one another
sume, or change collour. He reigned 26 years." as any musick, because they lived together in
Gedhe Ollghothach — Translated " Gedius such -concord, amity, and attonement among
Grandivocus" by O'Flaherty, Ogygia, part iii. themselves that there was no discord or strife
c. 31. It is explained as follows in Dr. Lynch's heard to grow between them for any cause
translation of Keating's History of Ireland: whatsoever."
' Fratri Geidius cognomento Ollghothach In the Dinnseanchus, as preserved in the Book
successit, sic ideo nominatus quod eo regnante of Lecan, it is stated that Heremon, the son of
voces hominum maxime sonorae fuerint, otf enim Milesius, was also called Geidhe Ollghothach,
perinde ac magnum, et guth ac vox eat." and for a similar reason here ascribed for its
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise is the follow- application to the present monarch ; but these
ing passage to the same purport : accounts are clearly legendary, because the cog-
" Observers of antiquity affirm of him that nomen OUyhothach was evidently applied to these
56 ciNHata Rjo^hachua eiReaww. [3972.
oecc DO ^heDe OUgochac i pishe Gpeann, •) Do cfp i bpopcfnD na pee fin la pmcha mac pionnachca.
Qoip Domain, cpi mile naoi cceo pfccmojar a DO. Qn cf6 bliabam opiacha pionnailcfp, mac pfonnachca, i pijhe Gpeann. Mach a^h po ^fnaip ina peirhfp po ba cemopiono.
Qoip Domain, rpi mile naoi cceo nocac a haon. lap mbeir piche bliabain t>piachai6 pionnailcfp i pi£e Gpionn, copchaip i ccarh bpfgha la bfpnjal,' mac 5eoe Ollgocliaij. Qp la piacha pionnailcfp corpoDachr Oiin Chuile Sibpinne .1. Cfnanoup. ^ac Du ina mbiooh a apup pom ba CeananDup a amm. Ctp lap an pijpi cfrup po rocailre calom i nGpinn Do cum uipcce Do beich hi cuppaib. 6a Deacmaic Don connall a ioch Diompulang ina plair.
Ctoip Domain, rpi mile naoi cceo nocac a Do. Qn ceo blia&am Do bfpn- jal, mac ^e6e Ollgorhai j, op 6pmn.
Qoip Domain, cfcpe mi'le a rpi. lap mbeich Da bliaoain Decc i pije n6peann DO bfpnjal mac 5e6e Ollgochaij Do cfp la hOilill mac Slanuill, "] la Siopna mac Oen.
Ctoip Domain, cffpe mile a cfcaip. Qn ceo blia&am Do pijje Oiliolla, mic Slanuill, op Gpmo mnpin.
Qoip Domain, cfrpe mfle anaoi Decc. lap mbeic pe blia&na Decc DOilioll, mac Slanuill, hi pije nGpeann, copchaip la Siopna mac Oen.
Qoip Domain, ceafpe mile pice. Qn ceo Bliabam Do Siopna mac Den, mic Oemain, hi pije nGpeann innpin. Qp e an Siopna pa, mac Oen, po pcap plaiciup Cearhpa ppi hUllcoib .1. ppi pliocc Ip. Qp 6 Dna po oiojail poppa Rocfchcaij mac maoin po mapbpac i cCpuachain, 50 rcopcaip bfpngal mac 5e6e Ollgochaij, -| Oilioll mac Slanoill leip.
monarchs themselves from the loudness of their Kells, a town in" East Meath. The former
own voices, and not from the sweetness or mel- name denotes arx anguli adukerii ; and Ma-
lifluousness of the voices of their subjects. geoghegan, in his translation of the Annals of
11 Calf: literally cow : 05 .1. bo — Q'Clery. Clonmacnoise, says of it :
i White-headed.— The term ce.nopiono, now " He founded Dun-Cowle Sevrille (or rather
pronounced ceannann, is still in common use, Dun-Chuile Sibhrinne), now called (for avoiding
and applied to what is commonly called a white- of bawdiness) Kells." The latter name, Cean-
faced cow or horse, i. e. having a star or white annus, was first anglicised Kenlis, which is now
spot on the forehead. translated Headfort, in the name of the seat of
'Dun-Chuile-Sibrinne: i.e. Ceanannus, now the present proprietor. There is no other place
3972.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 57
the sovereignty of Ireland ; and he fell at the end of that time by Fiacha, son of Finnachta.
The Age of the World, 3972. The first year of Fiacha Finnailches, son of Finnachta, in the sovereignty of Ireland. Every calf* that was brought forth iri his reign was white-headed*.
The Age of the World, 3991. After Fiacha Finnailches had been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell in the battle of Breagh, by Bearn- ghal, son of Gedhe Ollghothach. It was by Fiacha Finnailches that Dun-chuile- Sibrinnez, i. e. Ceanannus, was erected. Wherever his habitation was [placed], Ceanannus was its name. It was by this king that the earth was first dug in Ireland, that water might be in wells. It was difficult for the stalk3 to sustain its corn in his reign.
The Age of the World, 3992. The first year [of the reign] of Bearnghal, son of Gedhe Ollghothach, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4003. Bearnghal, the son of Gedhe Ollghothach, after having been twelve years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Oilioll, son of Slanoll, and Sirna, son of Dian.
The Age of the World, 4004. This was the first year of the reign of Oilioll, son of Slanoll, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4019. Oilioll, son of Slanoll, after having been sixteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Sirna, son of Dian.
The Age of the World, 4020. This was the first year of the reign of Sirna, son of Dian, son of Deman, in the sovereignty of Ireland. It was this Sirna, son of Dian, that wrested the government of Teamhair [Tara] from the Ultab, i. e. the race of Ir. It was he, too, that revenged upon them [the death of] Roitheachtaigh mac Main, whom they had slain at Cruachain ; so that Bearnghal, son of Gedhe Ollghothach, and Oilioll, son of Slanoll, fell by him.
now bearing this name in Ireland, except Cean- talitas in ejus regimine," in which he mistakes
annus, or Kells, in the county of Kilkenny. the meaning of every -word except ma plair.
1 The stalk. — This word, connall, is still used b The Ulta: i. e. the people of Ulster, descended
to denote stalk, and comnleac or connlac, stalks from Ir, son of Milesius. " Oilell was king 15
or stubbles. Dr. O'Conor, who is more apt to miss years, and then was slain by Siorna Mac Deyn
the meanings of Irish words that are in common (of the sept of Heremon), who was he that vio-
use than of ancient words, translates this sentence lently took the government of the sceptre of
as follows: "Portentosa erat pestilentise mor- this land from the sept of Ulster." — Ann. Clon.
58 awNQta Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [4169-
Qoip Domain, cecpe mile ceo pfpcac a naoi. lap mbeic ceo 50 Ifich DO bliaonaib i pijhe nGpeann Do Siopna Saojlac, mac Oein, Do ceap Id Roceach- caij mac Roam i nQillmn. dp e an Siopna po po bpip car Qipceatcpa pop Ulcaib, od cac SleBe Qipbpeacli, car Cmn Duin i nQppal, each mona poichnifrld hUib Pailje F°P Hlaipcme 1 Gpna, each Luacpa, each Claipe, each Samna, each Cnuicc Ochoip. 801516 Do pop pomoipib hi ccpich TTliDe. dp laip beop po cuipeaD cac TTlona UpojaiDe hi cCiannaccaib an can cug Lujaip mac Luijoij .1. Do piol Gmip, poplfon opomoipib i nGpinn ima pigh, Ceapapn a ainm. CtccaipgiD Siopna pip Gpeann DO chachugaD ppiii 50 TTlom Upojaioe. Re mbeic 05 plaiDe an caca Doib Do puipmfb cam popP". conapaD tujaip, -| Ceapapn De conamuincip, -\ opong Dipim opfpoib Gpeann amailli ppiu.
Qp a raimpip Siopna ona cobpuchcab Sciopcaije i Laijmb, Ooailce hi Cpic Roipp, Niche i TTnaijh TTluipcemne, Leamna i TTlumain -| Slaine la hUib Cpemcamn.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceo peachcmojac. Qn ceo bliaDain Do pije Roceachcaij, mic Roam, op Gpmn innpin.
c Aittinn This was the ancient name of a k Samhain — Now Cnoc-Samhna, i.e. the hill
large fort on the hill of Cnoc Qilmne, anglice of Samhain, not far from Bruree, in the parish
Knockaulin, near Kilcullen, in the county of of Tankardstown, barony of Coshma, and county
Kildare — See Dinnsenchus, in the Book of Bal- of Limerick See Life of St. Fionnchu in the
lymote, fol. 193. Book of Lismore, fol. 70, b.
d Airceattair — O'Flaherty calls it Aras-Kel- ' Cnoc-Ochair — Not identified,
tair, which was one of the names of the large m Moin-Trogaidhe: i. e. the Bog of Trogaidhe.
rath at Downpatrick, in the county of Down. — This was probably situated in Ciannachta-
* Sliabh-Airbhreach — Not identified. Breagh, in the east of the ancient Meath,
f Ceann-duin in Assal — Assal was the ancient and not in the northern Ciannachta, in the
name of the district lying round Cnoc-Droma- present county of Londonderry. The great
Assail, anglice Tory-Hill, near Groom, in the length of this monarch's reign is evidently
county of Limerick ; but no name like Ceann- legendary, or rather a blunder of transcribers,
duin is now to be found in that neighbourhood. O'Flaherty, Ogygia, part m. c. 32, refers to the
« Moin-Foichnigh in Ui-Failghe — There is no Book of Lecan, fol. 291, to shew that he lived
bog now bearing this name in the territory of 150 years, for which reason he was called the
Offaly. Long-lived. The Annals of Clonmacnoise, as
h Luachair: i. e. Sliabh Luachra, near Castle- translated by Mageoghegan, in which the fol-
island, in the county of Kerry. lowing notice of him occurs, give him a reign
1 Claire — A lull near Duntrileague, in the of only twenty years :
county of Limerick — See note under A. D. 1600. " Oilell was king 1 5 years, and then was slain
4169.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
59
The Age of the World, 4169. Sirna Saeghlach, son of Dian, after having been a century and a half in the sovereignty of Ireland fell by Roitheach- taigh, son of Roan, at Aillinn0. This was the Sirna who gained the battle of Aircealtair" over the Ultonians ; the two battles of Sliabh Airbhreach6; the battle of Ceann-duin, in Assalf; the battle of Moin-Foichnigh, in Ui Failghe8, over the Martini and Ernai ; the battle of Luachair"; the battle of Claire' ; the battle of Samhain"; the battle of Cnoc-Ochair1. An attack was made by him on the Fomorians, in the territory of Meath. It was by him, moreover, was fought the battle of Moin-Troghaidhem, in Ciannachta, when Lughair, son of Lughaidh, of the race of Emhear, had brought in a force of Fomorians into Ireland, with their king, Ceasarn by name. Sirna drew the men of Ireland to make battle against them to Moin-Trogaidhe. As they were fighting the battle a plague was sent upon them, of which Lughair and Ceasarn perished, with their people, and a countless number of the men of Ireland along with them.
It was in the time of Sirna, also, happened the eruption of the Scirtach", in Leinster ; of the Doailt0, in Crich Rois ; of the Kith", in Magh-Muirtheimhne ; of the Leamhainq, in Munster ; and of the Slaine, in Ui Creamhthainnr.
The Age of the World, 4170. This was the first year of the reign of Roi- theachtaigh, son of Roan, over Ireland.
by Siorna mac Deyn of the sept of Heremon, who was he that violently took the govern- ment of the sceptre of this land from the sept of Ulster. Siorna, after slaying this King, was King himself, in whose time Lowgire mac Lowagh brought in Fomoraghs into Ireland. King Siorna went to meet them at the Bog of Trogye in Kyannaghta, with all the forces of the kingdom, where a cruel battel was fought between them with such vehemency that almost both sides perished therein with overlabouring themselves, and especially the Irish nation with their King. Also Lowgyre and Kisarne, King of the Fomoraghs, were slain. Others write that King Siorna was slain by Rohaghty mac Eoayn, when he had reigned 21 years. It is also reported of him that he lived an outlaw 100
years together /before he was King, and that" [he fought] " only against the Ulstermen."
n The Scirtach: i. e. the Eiver Skirt.
0 The Doailt, in Feara-Rois. — A stream in the south of Monaghan.
p Nith. — This was the ancient name of the river of Ardee, flowing through the plain of Conaille Muirtheimhne, in the county of Louth. — See Combat of Cuchulainn and Ferdia mac Domain.
q The Leamhain. — Now the Laune, near Kil- larney, in the county of Kerry. — See note un- der A. D. 1570.
' The Slaine, in Ui-Creamhthainn — This was the name of a small stream flowing into the Boyne from the north side, near the village of Baile-Slaine, now Slane, in Meath.
i2
go aNNdta Rioshachca eirceaNN. [4176.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile ceo peachcmoj;ac a pe. lap mbec peachc mbliabna hi pighe nGpeann DO Roceachcaig, po loipcc ceni jealam 6 hi nDun Sobaipce. Op lap an Roceachcaij po appichc cappaic ceicpe nfch ap cup i nGpinn.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceo peachcmo^ac apfchc. Gn bliabam DGlim Oillpinpneachca, mac Roceachcaij, hi pfje nGpeann, 50 copchaip i ppoipcfno na bliabna pin la 5'a^cliai6. mac Oiliolla Olcaoin. T?o peapab pneachca mop 50 mblap pfona ipm mbliabainpi. Ctp aipe po gaipcf Oillpinpneachca oepium.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile ceo pfchcmojac a hochc. Qn ceo bliaDam DO 5'allc^aiD) ^ac Oiliolla Olcaoin, mic Sfopna, i pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceo ochcmojac a pe. lap mbech naoi mbliabna DO ^mllchaiD i pighe nGpeann Do pochaip la hQpc Imleach i ffloij TTluaiDe.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceo ochcmojac a pfcc. Qn ceo bliaoain oQpc Imleach, mac Glim Oillpinpneachca, i pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceD nochac a hochc. lap mbeic Da bliaoain Decc oQpc Imleac i pije nGpeann Do cfp la NuaDac pionnpdil. '
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceD nocac a naoi. Qn ceiD bliaDam DO pije Nua&aiD pmnpdil op Gpinn innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile Da ceo cpiocac a hochc. lap mbeic Da pichfc bliabam hi pije nGpeann Do NuaDa pionnpdil Do cfp la 6peap, mac Qipc Imlij.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile Da ceo cpiocac a naoi. Qn ceo bliaDam Do pije 6peip mic Qipc Imlig op Gpinn innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile Da ceo cfcpacac a peachc. lap mbeic naoi mbliabna DO bpeap i pije nGpeann Do pochaip la hGochaiD nQpcach hi Capn Conlnam.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile Da ceo cfrpacac a hochc. Gn bliabam
' Chariots.—" Roheaghty was the first" [Irish] t EUm Qaifinshneackla: literally, Elim of the
" king that ever used coaches with four horses great Wine-snow! " He was so called because
in Ireland. He reigned seven years, and, at it rained snow continually that year."— Annals
last, was burned by wilde fire at Dunsovarkie. of Clonmacnoise. Both derivations are mere
He was a very good king."— Annals of Clon. guesses of late writers.
4176.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
61
The Age of the World, 4176. After Roitheachtaigh had been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, lightning burned him at Dun-Sobhairce [Dunse- verick]. It was by this Roitheachtaigh that chariots5 of four horses were first used in Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4177. Elim Oillfinshneachta, son of Roitheach- taigh, after having been one year in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell, at the end of that year, by Giallchaidh, son of Oilioll Ollchain. Snow, with the taste of wine, fell in this year, whence he was called Oillfinshneachta1.
The Age of the World, 4178. The first year of Giallchaidh, son of Olioll Olchain, son of Sirna, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4186. Giallchaidh, after having been nine years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Art Imleach, in Magh Muaidhe".
The Age of the World, 4187. This was the first year of Art Imleach, .son of Elim Oillfinshneachta, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4198. Art Imleach, after having been twelve years" in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Nuadhat Finnfail.
The Age of the World, 4199. This was the first year of the reign of Nuadhat Finnfail over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4238. Nuadhat Finnfail, after having been forty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Breas*, son of Art Imleach.
The Age of the World, 4239. This was the first year of the reign of Breas, son of Art Imleach, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4247. Breas, after having been nine years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Eochaidh Apthach, at Carn-Conluainy.
The Age of the World, 4248. Eochaidh Apthachz was one year in the
u Magh-Muaidhe — This was either the plain of the River Moy, in North Connaught, or a plain situated at the foot of Cnoc-Muaidhe, or
Knockmoy, in the county of Gal way See
A. M. 3529, supra.
w Twelve years. — The Annals of Clonmacnoise give him but a reign of six years, and add: " he builded seven Dowries or Pallaces for himself, to dwell in them to recreate himself." " Septem munimenta fossis vallavit." — Ogygia, part iii. c. 32.
* Breas. — He is called Breasrigh by Keating, and Breasry in the Annals of Clonmaciioise, which add : " In whose time Fomorie came again into Ireland ; but he overthrew them in many battles, and did quite expel them out of the kingdom."
1 Carn-ConLuain. — Not identified.
* Eochaidh Apthach — " Eochye Ophagh, Cap- tain of the former king's guards. He was of Cor- kelaye" [Race of Lughaidh, son of Ith] " usurped the kingdom and name of king thereof, after the
62 awHata Rioshactica emeaNN. [4249.
oGochaiD Qpcach, mac pmn,hi pije nGpeann, -\ oo pochaip i bpoipceann na blia&na pin la pionn, mac bpacha.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile Da ceo cfcpocac a naoi. Ctn ceD bliaDam Do pije pmn, mic bpacha, op Gpmn innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile Da ceD pfccmojac. lap mbeic Da bliaDain ap pichic hi pijhe nGpeann opionn mac bpacha Do cfp la Seona mac bpfip a TTlumain.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile Da ceD pfccmojac a liaon. Qn ceiD bliaDam DO Seona lonnappaij, mac bpeip, mic Ctipc Imlig, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile Da ceD nochac. lap mbeic piche bliaDam hi pije nGpeann Do Se&na lonnappaiD Do pochaip la Siomon mbpfc.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile Da ceD nochac a haon. Qn ceo b'liaoam Do Siomon bpeac, mac QoDam ^laip, i pijhe nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile Da ceo nochac a pe. lap mbeic pe bliaDna comlana i pije nGpeann Do Siomon bpfc, macQoDam^laip, DO ceap IdOuach pionn.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile Da ceD nocac a peace. Qn ceD bliaDam Do Duach pionn, mac Sebna lonnappaij, hi pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpf ceo ape. lap mbeic ofich mbliaDna hi pije nGpeann Do Ouach pionn, mac Se&na lonnappaij, Do pochaip i ccac TTlaije la TTiuipeaDac bolgpach.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo a pfcc. T?o caic TTluipfnac bolgpac mi pop bliaDam i pijhe nGpeann 50 ccopcaip i ccionn na pee hfpin la hGnoa nOfpcc, mac Ouaich.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo a hocc. Qn ceio bliaDam DGnDa Ofpg, mac Ouach Pino, hi pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain,. ceicpe mile cpf ceD a naoi Decc. lap mbeic Da bliaDam Decc DGnna Dfpg, mac Ouach, hi pije nGpeann, acbach DO cam i Sleb TTlipp 50 pochuiDe moip uime.
former king's death, and obtained the same one every month."
year. There was great faintness, generally, over a Sedna Innarraighe Keating says that he
all the wholekingdom, once every month, during was called icnnappuio, because he was the first
that year. He was slain by Finn mac Braha." that paid stipends to soldiers; or, as Dr. Lynch
Keating says that he was called Qp^ac, destruc- and Mageoghegan understand it, to people in
five, from plagues which visited his subjects general. " Cognomentum Innarradh, quod mer-
4249.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 63
sovereignty of Ireland, and he fell, at the end of that year, by Finn, son of Bratha.
The Age of the World, 4249. This was the first year of the reign of Finn, son of Bratha, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4270. Finn, son of Bratha, after having been twenty-two years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Sedna, son of Breas, in Munster.
The Age of the World, 4271. The first year of the reign of Sedna Innar- raigh'', son of Breas, son of Art Imleach, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4290. Sedna Innarraigh, after having been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Simon Breac.
The Age of the World, 4291. This was the first year of Simon Breac, son of Aedhan Glas, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4296. Simon Breac, the son of Aedhan Glas, after having been six full years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Duach Finn.
The Age of the World, 4297. This was the first year of Duach Finn, son of Sedna Innarraigh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4306. Duach Finn, son of Sedna Innaraigh, after having been ten years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell in the battle of Maghb, by Muireadhach Bolgrach.
The Age of the World, 4307. Muireadhach BolgVach spent a month and a, year in the sovereignty of Ireland, and he fell, at the end of that time, by Enda Dearg, son of Duach.
The Age ot the World, 4308. This was the first year of Enda Dearg in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4319. Enda Dearg, son of Duach, after having been twelve years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died of a plague at Sliabh Misc, with a great number about him.
cedem significat, idcirco sortitus, quod eo reg- c Sliabh-Mis There are two mountains of
nante opera mercedare locari csepte fuerint." — this name in Ireland, one in the county of An-
Lynch. " This Sedna was a worthy noble king, trim, anglice Slemmish, and the other near Tra-
and the first that rewarded men with chattle in lee, in the county of Kerry, which is the one
Ireland." — Annals of Clonmacnoise. referred to in the text. — See Ogygia, part iii.
b Magh : i. e. the Plain. Not identified. c. 33. Keating says that silver was struck for
54 QNHaca Rio^hachca eineaNN. [4320.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceD piche. Qn ceo bliabam DO tinhorn lapDonn, mac Gnna Dfipj, hi jiije nGpeann innpn.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceD piche a hochc. Ctnaoi Do Lughaib lapoonn hi pije nGpeann 50 ccopcaip la Sfoplam hi RaicClocaip.
Ctoip Domain, ceirpe mile cpi ceD piche a naoi. Qn ceo bliabam Do Sioplam, mac pinD, mic bpaca, hi pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo cfcpacac a cfcaip. lap mbeic pe bliabna oecc Do Sioplam hi pije nGpeann DO pocaip la nGochaib nUaipcfp.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo cfrpacac a cuij. Qn ceD bliabam D6ochai& Uaipcheap i pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo caogac ape. lap mbeic Da bliabain Decc DGochaiD Uaipcfp hi pighe nGpeann Do pochaip la macoib Conjail .1. Gochaib ~\ Conainj.
Ctoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceD caojjac a pfcc. Qn ceo b'liaDam Do Da mac ConjailCopccapaij .1. Ouach Ueampac, mic TTluipfohaig bol^paij .1. GochaiD piabmuine -\ Conaing beajfglacli, na piojaib op Gpinn, Dfpcapc Gpeann la hGochaiD, a cuaipcfpc la Conaing.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo peapcac a haon. lap mbeic cuij bli- abna i ccompighe opGpinn DGochai&piaDmuinei DoConams bfgeaglach DO pocaip GochaiD la Lugaib Caimbfpg, mac Gachach Uaijicfp, -\ DO pcapaD an pijhe ppi Conaing.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo pfpccac a Do. Qn ceo bliabain oo Cujaib Laimofpj mac Gachuch Uaipcfp i pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo peapccac a hocc. Q Sfcc Do Lujaib nGpeann 50 ccopcaip la Conaing, mac Congail.
the first time in Ireland in his time, which it terrain, vel turn cum erectus staret, pertingen-
was at a place called Airgiod-Ross, on the Eiver tibus, sir enim perinde est ac longa ac lamh ac
Feoir, in Ossory. " Quo Eege argentum in Hi- manus." _ Lynch.
bernia primum Airgiod- Rossis signari captum." " Sirelawe was so called because he had such
—Lynch. The same is asserted by O'Flaherty, long hands, that when he would stand or be on
Ogygia (ubi supra) ; but no mention is made horseback, he could, without stooping, reach to
of the latter circumstance in the Annals of the ground."— Annals of Clonmacnoise.
Clonmacnoise. f Eochaidh Z7a«rcAeas._ Keating understands
d Rath-Clochair: i. e. the Rath or Fort of the this as Eochaidh of the Wicker Boats. " Agno-
Rocks. Not identified. mine tracto a gcaphig rudi viminum contextione
• Sirlamh.—" Nomine parto a longis manibus, compactis, et pecorum obductis corio. Fuarchis
4320.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
65
The Age of the World, 4320. This was the first year of Lughaidh lar- donn, son of Enda Dearg, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4328. The ninth year of Lughaidh lardonn in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he fell, by Sirlamh, at Rath-Clochair11.
The Age of the World, 4329. This was the first year of Sirlamh8, son of Finn, son of Bratha, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4344. Sirlamh, after having been sixteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Eochaidh Uairches.
The Age of the World, 4345. The first year of Eochaidh Uaircheas' in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4356. Eochaidh Uaircheas, after having been twelve years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by the sons of Congall : i. e. Eochaidh and Conaing.
The Age of the World, 4357. The first year of the two sons of Congal Cosgarach8 [son] of Duach Teamrach, son of Muireadhach Bolgrach, namely, Eochaidh Fiadhmuine" and Conaing Begeaglach, over Ireland; the south of Ireland belonging to Eochaidh, and the north to Conaing.
The Age of the World, 4361. After Eochaidh Fiadhmuine and Conaing Begeaglach had been five years in the joint sovereignty of Ireland, Eochaidh fell by Lughaidh Laimhdhearg, son of Eochaidh Uaircheas, and the sovereignty was wrested from Conaing.
The Age of the World, 4362. The first year of Lughaidh Laimhdhearg1, son of Eochaidh Uaircheas, in the sovereignty of Ireland,
The Age of the World, 4368. The seventh of Lughaidh in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he fell by Conaing, son of Congal.
enim est corbis seu crates minus arte contextus. Eochus biennium Hibernise accedere prohibitus, piratum egit e lentribus, ea, qua dixi ratione, confectus epibatas suos in litore expositos jubens prsedas a litorum accolis abductas in paronem importare." — Lynch .
g Congal Cosgarach — Keating makes Eochaidh Fiadhmuine and Conaing Begeaglach the sons of Duach Teamhrach. From this it would ap- pear that Congal Cosgarach was an alias name for Duach Teamhrach.
b Eochaidh Fiadhmuine, pronounced Eochy Feamoney : i. e. Eochaidh the Huntsman. " As- suetus erat Eochus cervorum venatione multum indulgere: quod illi cognomen Fiadhmuine fecit, fiadh nimirum cervum interpretamur, et main, silvam."
1 Lughaidh Laimhdhearg : i. e. Lughaidh the Red-handed. " Regno deinde potitus est Luga- chus Eochi Uarchesi filius, cognomento Rubri- manus, a rubra macula quse manum inficiebat." — Lynch.
K
66 awwata Rioshachca eiReawn. [4369
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo pfpccac a naoi. Qn ceo bliabam DO Conamj bfjeajlach, mac Conjail, i pije nGpeann innpin oopibipi.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceD ochcmojac a hochc. lap mbeic piche bliabam hi pije nGpeann Do Conainj becceajlach Do cfp la hQpc mac LmjDeach. Op aipe DO beipci Conainj bfseaglach ppip ap nf po gab oman ppip nach aon e cen po maip.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile rpi ceo ochcmojac a naoi. Qn ceo BliaDam oQpr, mac CuijDeach, mic Gacac Uaipcfp, hi pije nGpeann innpn.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile cpi ceo nocac acfraip. lap mbeir pe bliabna i pije nGpeann oCtpc, mac CuijDeach, po pochaip la piaca Uolgpac -\ la a mac Ouach LaDpac.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cpi ceo nochac a cuig. Qn ceiD bliabam DpiachaiD Uolccpach hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cficpe ceD a cfcaip. lap mbeich Deich mbliaDna hi pije nGpeann opiachaib Uolgpach, mac TTIuipfDhaig bolccpaij, Do cfp la hOilioll mac Qipc i mboipino.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile ceicpe ceD a cuig. Qn ceo BliaDain oOilioll Pionn, mac Qipc, mic LuijDeach LaimDepcc, op Gpinn innpin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cficpe ceo a cuig Decc. lap mbeic en bliabain 065 hi pije nGpeann oOilioll Pionn, mac Qipc, mic Luijoeach DO po chaip la hQipjfcmaip -\ Id Duach tabjaip hi ccach Obba.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cficpe ceo ape Decc. Qn ceD bliabam DGoch- aib mac Oiliolla pinn hi pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Oomain, cficpe mile cficpe ceo piche aDo. lap mbeic peachc mbliabna hi pighe nGpeann, oGochaib, mac Oiliolla pinn, Do pochaip la nQip- jfcmaip -\ la Ouach Labgaip hi nQine.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceicpe ceD piche a cpi. Qn ceD bliabam oQipgfcmap, mac Sioplaim, hi pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cficpe ceD caoccac a Do. Qn oeachmab
k Eegeaglach : i. e. Little- fearing. " He was perterriti peperit."— Lynch.
so called because he was never known to be According to the Book of Fenagh he held
afra,d in his life.»_^Wn. Clan. his royal residence at Fenagh, in Magh-Eein, in
Conmgus Imperterntus viginti annis regna- the present county of Leitrim, where he built a
vit ne rnimmo mterim pavore in quamvis atroci beautiful stone fort, within which the monastery
pugna perstnctus; qu* res illi cognomen Im- of Fenagh was afterwards erected
4369-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 07
The Age of the World, 4369. This was the first year of Conaing Begeag- lach, son of Congal, a second time in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4388. After Conaing Begeaglach had been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell by Art, son of Lughaidh. He was called Conaing Begeaglach", because he was never seized with fear of any one while he lived.
The Age of the World, 4389. This was the first year of Art, son of Lugh- aidh, son of Eochaidh Uaircheas, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4394. Art, son of Lughaidh, after having been six years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Fiacha Tolgrach and his son, Duach Ladhrach.
The Age of the World, 4395. The first year of Fiacha Tolgrach in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4404. Fiacha Tolgrach, son of Muireadhach, after having been ten years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Oilioll, son of Art, in Boirinn1.
The Age of the World, 4405. This was the first year of Oilioll Finn, son of Art, son of Lughaidh Laimhdhearg, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4415. Oilioll Finn, son of Art, son of Lughaidh Laimhdhearg, after having been eleven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Airgeatmhar and Duach Ladhghair, in the battle of Odhbham.
The Age of the World, 4416. This was the first year of Eochaidh, son of Oilioll Finn, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4422. Eochaidh, son of Oilioll Finn, after having been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Airgeatmhar, at Aine".
The Age of the World, 4423. This was the first year of Airgeatmhar, son of Sirlamh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4452. The thirtieth year of Airgeatmhar in the
' Boirinn,— Now Burrin, a celebrated rocky m Odhbha. — See A. M. 302, supra.
territory, now a barony, in the north of the n Aine : i. e. Knockany, near Bruff, in the
county of Clare. The name, which enters county of Limerick. It is stated in the Annals
largely into the topographical names through- of Clonmacnoise, that " King Eochy was then at
out Ireland, is derived, in a manuscript in Trin. the Faire of Cnockayne, where Argedwar and
Coll. Dublin, H. 2. 15, p. 180, col. 2, line 23, Dwagh came unawares upon him, and slew him
from bopp, great, and onn, a stone or rock. and many of the nobility of Munster."
K2
68
emecmN.
[4453.
bl.abam pichfc DQip5femap hi pi5he nGpeann 50 ccopchaip la Duach Lab- pac -| la tuccaib taighbe mac Gachach.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cficpe ceo cao5ac a rpf. Qn ceo bliabam Do Duach Lab5pach, mac piachac Col5pai£, hi pijhe nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mile cficpe ceD peapccac a Do. Q Deich Do Duach La&spach hi pijhe nGpeann 50 ccopcaip la Lujaib Caijbe.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mile cficpe ceD peapccac a cpi. Ctn ceD bliabain no Lushaib Laijbe hi pige nGpeann innyin.
Ctoif Domain, cficpe mile cficpe ceo reapccac anaoi. lap mbeic peachr mbliaDna hi pije nGpeann DO LujhaiD Cashbe DO ceap la hQob T?uaoh, mac mboDaipn, mic Qipsfomaip.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ceirpe ceo peacrmojac. Qn ceD bliabam DQoD T?ua&, mac ba&aipn, hi pijhe nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cfirpe ceD peachcmojac ape. lap mbeic peachc mbliabna hi pije nGpeann DQoD Ruab, mac babaipn, po pagoib an pije 05 Dichopba, mac Demain, lap ccaicfm an cfio fealoio Do bubein, ap po bacup paca paip ima cealjab uab i ccionn peachc mbliabna Do Diocopba, i ap Diocopba bfop ima legab uab DO Ciombaoch mp peachc mbli'abna oile, ~\ arhlaib pimap nupo 50 popbab a pplaca. Qp aipe DO ponpac an chopa ipm immon pi je ap pobrap meic cpi nDfpbparap.
Qoip Domain, cfircpe mile cficpe ceD peachcmojac, apfcc. Qn ceo bliabam DO Dioropba, mac Demain, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cficpe ceo ochcmojac acpi. lap mbeic peachc mbliabna hi pije nGpeann DO Diocopba, mac Demain, po pajaib an pi£e 05 Ciombaoc, mac pionncam, uaip ba Do painic an peal lap nDiocopba.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cficpe ceo ochcmojac a cfcaip. Qn ceD bliabam DO Ciombaoc mac pionncam hi pi£e nGpeann innpin.
0 Duach Ladhgrach: i. e. Duach the Vindic- tive, or quick avenger of wrongs. " Appellatus est Ladhrach quasi luathagra, id est preepropera poense repetitio, quod quern in flagrant! delicto reprehendisset non eum loco excedere ante datas admissi sceleris poenas passus est." — Lynch.
' Lughaidh Laighdhe Anglicised Lowaye
Laye by Mageoghegan in the Ann. Clon. Keating
tells a strange legend to account for this name.
q Injunctions. — " These were three kings of Ireland at once. All were kinsmen, Hugh, Dehorba, and Kimboye ; and because they lived together in some contention for the kingdom, for their better peace and security there was order taken, for their agreement in their govern- ment, that each of them should rule seven
44.53.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 69
sovereignty of Ireland, when he fell by Duach Ladhgrach and Lughaidh Laigh- dhe, son of Eochaidh.
The Age of the World, 4453. The first year of Duach Ladhgrach0, sou of Fiacha Tolgrach, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4462. The tenth year of Duach Ladhgrach in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he fell by Lughaidh Laighdhe.
The Age of the World, 4463. This was the first year of Lughaidh Laigh- dhep in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4469. Lughaidh Laighdhe, after having been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Aedh Ruadh, son of Bodharri, son of Airgeatmhar.
The Age of the World, 4470. The first year of Aedh Ruadh, son of Badharn, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4476. Aedh Ruadh, son of Badharn, after having been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, left the sovereignty to Dithorba, son of Deman, after having spent the first period himself, for there were injunc- tions'1 upon him to resign it to Dithorba at the end of seven years ; and on Dithorba, also, to resign it to Cimbaeth at the end of seven years more ; and so in succession to the end of their reigns [lives]. The reason that they made this agreement respecting the sovereignty was, because they were the sons of three brothers
The Age of the World, 4477. The first year of Dithorba, son of Deman, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4483. Dithorba, son of Deman, after having been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, resigned the kingdom to Cimbaeth, son of Fintan, for his was the turn after Dithorba.
The Age of the World, 4484. This was the first year of Cimbaeth, son of Fintan, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
years orderly, one after another, without impe- break what they could ; the poets to chide and
diment of any of the rest ; and for making good scould at them in their Rhymes and writtings,
the same there were seven Magitians, seven with as great a disgrace as they might invent,
poets, and seven principal Lords of the Ulster which was & thing in these days much feared
nobility, chosen out to see that agreement firmly by the Irish nation ; and the seven principal
kept. The Magitians by their art to work Lords to follow and prosecute the violator with
against him that would the said agreement fire and sword. But all this was not necessary
70 anwata Rioghachca emeawN. [4490.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mite cficpe ceo nochar. lap mbfic peachc mbliabna hi pige nGpeann DO Ciombaoch, mac pionncam, po pagoib an pighe 05 Qob Ruab, mac babaipn.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cfirpe ceo nochac a peachc. lap mbeic peachc mbliabna hi pige nGpeann an oapa peachc oQob Ruaoh, mac babaipn, po pagaib an pige 05 Oiocopba bo pibipi.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mile cfirpe cep nochac a hochc. Qn ceD bliabain DO Oiorhopba, mac Oemain, an oapa peace po gab pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cuig cec a cfcaip. lap mbfic peachc mbliaDna DO Oiocopba Don cup pin hi pijhe nGpeann po pagoib a peal 05 Ciombaoc, mac pionncuin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cuij ceD a cuig. Qn ceD bliabain Do Ciom- baoc an oapa peachc po gab pije nGapeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cuig ceo a haon noecc. lap mbfic peachc mbliaDna DoCiombaoc hi pighe nGpeann, an Oapa peachc, po pctgoib an pighe 05 GOD T?uao, mac baoaipn.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cuij ceo a Do Decc. Qn ceo bliabain oQob 17ua6,mac6a6aipn, hi pighe nGpeann (an cpfp peachc pogab an pije) innpin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cuig ceD a hochc Decc. lap mbeic pfchc mbliaDna hi pije nGpeann oQoo l?ua&, mac baoaipn, (an cpfp peachc po gab pighe)po baibfo i nGappRuaioh, co po habnachc ipin pich 6p up in fpa, conab uaba Do gapap Sfch Qoba, ~[ Gapp Qoba l?uaioh.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mile cuig ceo a naoi Decc. Qn ceo bliabain Do Diochopba, an cpfp peachc po gab pige nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceirpe mile cuig ceo piche a cuig. lap mbfic peachc mbliabna Do Diochopba hi pighe nGpeann (an cpfp peachc) po pagoib an pige ag Ciombaoch.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cuig cec piche ape. Qn ceo bliabain oo Ciom- baech i pige nGpeann an cpfp peachc po gab an pige innpin.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cuig ceo cpiocac aoo. lap mbfic peachc
for preservation of their agreement, for they did name), leaving no issue behind him but one only
agree without any square at all, till at last Daughter, Macha Mongroe ; in English, Macha
Hugh Eoe was drowned in Easroe (of whom of the red hair." — Annals of Clonmacnoise. that Easse, or falling of the water, took the ' Sith-Aedha: i. e. hill or tumulus of Aedh,
4490.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 71
The Age of the World, 4490. Cimbaeth, son of Fintan, after having been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, resigned the kingdom to Aedh Ruadh, son of Badharn.
The Age of the World, 4497. Aedh Ruadh, son of Badharn, after having been, for the second time, seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, resigned the kingdom to Dithorba again.
The Age of the World, 4498. The first year of Dithorba, son of Deman, the second time that he assumed the sovereignty of Ireland. - The Age of the World, 4504. Dithorba, after having been on that [second] occasion seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, gave his turn to Cimbaeth, son. of Fintan.
The Age of the World, 4505. The first year of Cimbaeth, the second time that he assumed the monarchy of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4511. Cimbaeth, after having been for the second time in the sovereignty of Ireland, resigned the kingdom to Aedh Ruadh, son of Badharn.
The Age of the World, 4512. This was the first year of Aedh Ruadh, son of Badharn, in the sovereignty of Ireland, the third time that he assumed the government.
The Age of the World, 4518. Aedh Ruadh, sou of Badharn, after he had been (the third time that he assumed the government) seven years in the sove- reignty of Ireland, was drowned in Eas Ruaidh, and buried in the mound over the margin of the cataract ; so that from him Sith-Aedhar and Eas-Aedha$ are called.
The Age of the World, 4519. The third year of Dithorba, the third time that he took the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4525. After Dithorba had been in the sove- reignty of Ireland (the third time), he resigned the kingdom to Cimbaeth.
The Age of the World, 4526. This was the first year of Cimbaeth in the sovereignty of Ireland, the third time that he took the sovereignty.
The Age of the World, 4532. After Cimbaeth had been seven years in
now Mullaghshee at Ballyshannon. — See notes taract or waterfall, now Assaroe, or the Salmon under A. D. 1597 and 1599- Leap, on the River Erne, at Ballyshannon — See
* Eas-Aedha Ruaidh: \. e. Aedh Ruadh's ca- notes at A. D. 1184 and 1 194.
72
[4533.
mbliabna hi pije nGpeann DO C.mbaoc an cpfp peachc, Po pa.O TTlaca mjfn Qooa RuaiD, mic babaipn, ba 16 peal a hacap Don p,5he. Clcbfpc Diochopba 1 Ciombaoch net ciobpaoaip pighe DO mnaoi. peacha,p each fcoppa, bpipip TTlacha poppa 50 pop lonnapb Oiochopba co na cloinn hi cConnachcaib co copcaip i cCopann. Do bfpc mppin Ciombaoch cuicce Do ceili 01,-] Do beip in pighe DO. Do choiDpi mpom na haonap hi cConnachcaib, -\ cug clann Diochopba 16 i noaopcfngal co hUlcoib a lop a nfipc,-] Do bfpc iaD po cpom Daoipe 50 po claibpfc l?dc Gamna 01, 5° ma6 P buD ppiomcacaip Ulab DO
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cuig ceo cpiocac acpf. Qn ceo bliabain Do Ciombaoc hi pijhe nSpeann lap na cabaipc cuicce DO TTlacha map cele.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile cuig ceo cpiocac anaoi. lap mbfic f cache mbliaona hi pije nGpeann DO Ciombaoc mac pioncam, lap na cabaipc cuice DO TTlacha, acbail i nGamoin TTlaca. Qp e ceo pf Gamna an Ciombaoch hi'pm.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mile cuig ceo cfcpacac. Qn ceo bliaDain Do ITlacha hi pije nGpeann lap neg Do Ciombaoc mic pioncamn.
1 To a woman — " She, soon after her father's death, challenged her father's part of the king- dom, due unto her as her proper right, which was denied her by Dihorba and King Kimboye, saying that it was unfit that a woman should govern the kingdom where the issue male had not failed, and that it was never seen before. Whereupon she challenged them both to yeald her battle, which they were ready to do, and did accordingly, where King Kimboye was overthrown, and King Dihorba slain. Then she took upon herself the government as Queen," &c. — Annals of Clonmacnoise.
The same chronicle gives a long legend about the manner in which Queen Macha took, fet- tered, and led captive into Ulster the five sons of King Dithorba, who afterwards erected the rath of Eamhain Macha. The same story is also given by Keating; but O'Flaherty (Ogygia, part iii. c. 36) rejects as fabulous the captivity of the sons of Dithorba, and their having built
Eamhain-Macha, or Emania, in atonement for their crimes and for the recovery of their liberty. He says that Cimbaeth was the first founder of Emania, and the first who resided there. Tigher- nach, who died in the year 1088, and who is the most accurate of the Irish annalists, states that all the monuments of the Scoti, to the time of Cimbaeth, are uncertain. " Omnia monumenta Scotorum usque Cimbaeth incerta erant." With this O'Flaherty agrees, and he has shewn in the second part of his Ogygia that the periods of the Ulster kings, from Cimbaeth to the destruction of Emania, are supported by accurate records ; but he confesses that the period preceding the reign of Cimbaeth is not so supported — See O'Conor's Prolegom. ad Annales, pp. xxxviii. xlvii. Ixv. xcviii. and cii.
u Eamhain — Usually latinized Emania, now corrupted in English to the Navan Fort (from the Irish an 6uriiain), a very large rath, situated about two miles to the west of Armagh. — See
4.533.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
73
the sovereignty of Ireland for the third time, Macha, daughter of Aedh Ruadh, son of Badharn, said that her father's turn to the sovereignty was her's. Dithorba and Cimbaeth said that they would not give the sovereignty to a woman'. A battle was fought between them ; Macha defeated them, and ex- pelled Dithorba, with his sons, into Connaught, so that he was slain in Corann. She afterwards took to her Cimbaeth as husband, and gave him the sovereignty. She afterwards proceeded alone into Connaught, and brought the sons of Dithorba with her in fetters to Ulster, by virtue of her strength, and placed them in great servitude, until they should erect the fort of Eamhain", that it might always be the chief city of Uladh [Ulster].
The Age of the World, 4533. The first year of Cimbaeth in the sove- reignty of Ireland, after Macha had taken him to her as husband".
The Age of the World, 4539. Cimbaeth, son of Fintan, having been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, after he had been taken to her [as husband] by Macha, died at Eamhain-Macha. This Cimbaeth was the first king of Earahain.
The Age of the World, 4540. The first year of Macha in the sovereignty of Ireland, after the death of Cimbaeth, son of Fintan.
note ', under the year 1387. It is stated in Cormac's Glossary, and in various other au- thorities, that Eamhain was so called because Macha described the outline of the rath by the eo, or pin, which fastened her cloak. Keating's derivation of it is translated by Dr. Lynch as follows :
" Ilia" [Macha] " aurea fibula quse tegmen extimum circa collum astringebat, extracta, Falatii aream dimensa est et descripsit. Illi" [Dithorbi filii] " opus aggressi Palatium ex- truxerunt Eomhuin-Machain appellatum quasi subulam colli Macha? : eo enim subula, et muin, collum significat."
The following remark on the date of the erec- tion and period of the destruction of this fort is given in Mageoghegan's translation of the An- nals of Clonmacnoise; but the Editor cannot say whether it is an interpolation of the trans-
lator's, or a remark by the original compiler of the Chronicle :
" In the same (Rath), she (Macha) and the Kings of Ulster, her successors, kept their pal- lace and place of residence for the space of 855 years after. It was built 450 years before the birth of Jesus Christ, and was rased and broken down again for spight to Clanna-Eowrie by the three brothers, Three Collas, sons of Eochie Dowlen, who was son of King Carbry Liffe- char."
w As husband. — Dr. O'Conor has the following short entry, which he says is inserted in a more modern hand in the Stowe copy :
"Goip oorhcun, ceirpi mile cuij ceo rpio- chac a hocr. Q p6 o° Cimbaor. Remap agup oe'jpollariinacc Chimbaor pop Gpe uile."
" The Age of the World, 4538. The sixth of
74
[4546.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cuig ceo cfcpacac ape. lap mbfic peachc mblia&na hi pi£e nGpeann Do TTlacha monjpuaiD, injfn Qoba RuaiD, mic 6a6aipn, Oocfp la ReachcaiD Rigofpcc, mac tuijDeach. dp hi TTlacha po popail pop macoib Oiocopba (lap na ccabaipc po oaoipe) Raich Gamna Do claiDe, jomab pi ppiomcacaip UlaD DO £pfp, amail po pempaiDpfm, -| ba he Ciombaoc-| TTlacha po oil Ujaine TTlop.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cuig ceD cfcpacac a peachc. Cfn ceo bliabam DO Reachcaib RijDfpcc, mac CuijDeach, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile cuig ceO peapccac ape. lap mbfic piche bliabam i pije nGpeann Do ReachcaiD Rijofpcc, mac Cuijbeac, Do pochaip la hUjame TTlop a nDiojail a buime .1. TTlaca TTlonspuaD.
Ctoip Domain, cficpe mile cuig ceo peapccac a peachc. Qn ceD bliaDam DUjhame TTlop, mac Gachach buabaigh, hi pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceD ape. 1 ppopcfno na bliaDna po, lap mbfic cfcpacac bliaDam comlan oUjaine mop na pfj Gpeann i mpcoip Goppa 50 hiomlan 50 muip Uoippian, Do pochaip la baDbchab, i cUealac
Cimbaeth. The rule and good government of Cimbaeth over all Ireland."
x That fostered Ugaine Nor. — " Owgany More, son of Eochie Bwaye, who in and from his childhood was nourished and fostered by King Kimboye and Queen Macha, as well as if he had been their own natural child." — Annals ofClon- macnoise. To this the translator adds the fol- lowing note :
" The manner in those days was to bring up noblemen's children, especially their friends, in princes and great men's houses, and for ever after would call them fosterers, and love them as well as their own natural father."
' Eeachtaidh Righdhearg : L e. Keachtaidh of the Bed Wrist. " Righ enim carpum, et dearg rubrum significat." — Lynch. " Rij signifies the ulna. lp uttne jjoipreap Reaccaij Rij- oeapg oe .1. bun pij oeapj DO Bi aije." — Keating.
' Ugaine Mor Flann synchronizes Ugaine
Mor with Ptolomaeus Lagides See Doctor
O'Conor's Prolegom. ad Annales, p. xlviii. The Annals of Clonmacnoise state : " About this time the monarchy of the Assyrians was de- stroyed by Arbatus, and translated over to the Medes." The same annals, as well as the O'Clerys, in the Leabhar Gabhala, and also Keating and O'Flaherty, state that this mo- narch had twenty-two sons and three daughters, among whom he divided Ireland into twenty-five parts, a division which continued for three hun- dred years afterwards, " when the kings of the provinces almost quenched the renown thereof." The names of these territories, and of the chil- dren of Ugaine to whom they were allotted, are given with some variations in our ancient ma- nuscripts, but the following seems the most correct: 1. Breagh, or Bregia, to Cobhthach Gael ; 2. Muirtheimhne, in the now county of Louth, to Cobhthach Minn ; 3. to Laeghaire Lore, the lands about the Eiver Liffey, in Lein- ster ; 4. Magh-Fea, in the now county of Carlow, to Fuilne; 5. Magh-Nair, to Nar; 6. Magh-
4546.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 75
. The Age of the World, 4546. Macha Mongruadh, daughter of Aedh Euadh, son of Badharn, after she had been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Reachtaidh Righdhearg, son of Lughaidh. It was Macha that commanded the sons of Dithorba (after bringing them into servitude) to erect the fort of Eamhain, that it might be the chief city of Ulster for ever, as we have said before ; and it was Cimbaeth and Macha that fostered Ugaine Mor*.
The Age of the World, 4547. The first year of Reachtaidh Righdheargy, son of Lughaidh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4566. Reachtaidh Righdhearg, son of Lughaidh, after having been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Ugaine Mor, in revenge of his foster-mother, i. e. Macha Mongruadh.
The Age of the World, 4567. This was the first year of Ugaine Mor2, son of Eochaidh Buadhach, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4606. At the end of this year Ugaine Mor, after he had been full forty years king of Ireland, and of the whole of the west of Europe, as far as Muir-Toirriana, was slain by Badhbhchadh, at Tealach-an-chosgairb, in
Raighne, in Ossory, to Raighne ; 7. Magh-Nairbh, his daughter Aeife or Eva ; and Magh-Muirisce,
to Narbh; 8. Aigeatross, on the River Nore, to in the now county of Mayo, to his daughter Mui-
Cinga; 9. Magh-Tarra, to Tair; 10. Treitherne, rise. Of all these sons of Ugaine Mor only two
to Triath ; 1 1 . Luachair-Deaghaidh, in Kerry, to left issue, namely, Cobhthach Cael and Laegh-
Sen; 12. Cluain-Corca-Oiche, inUi-Fidhgheinte, aire Lore, from whom all that survive of the
to Bard; 13. The southern Deisi, to Fergus Gnoi; race of Heremon are descended See Keating's
14. Aidhne, in the diocese of Kilmacduagh, to History of Ireland, Haliday's edition, p. 348.
Orb; 15.Moenmhagh, in Clanrickard, in the now " Muir-Toirrian O'Flaherty understands
county of Gal way, to Moen; 16. Magh-Aei, in this to mean the Mediterranean sea. — See the now county of Roscommon, to Sanbh ; 17. Ogygia, part iii. c. 39; but Mageoghegan, in Cliu-Mail, to Muireadhach Mai ; 18. Seolmhagh, Annales of Clonmacnoise, renders it Tyrrhian, now the barony of Clare, county of Galway, to by which he means that part of the former wash- £ochaidh ; 1 9. Latharna, in the county of An- ing Tuscany. Keating uses the term, through- trim, to Latham; 20. Midhe, to Marc; 21. Line, out his History of Ireland, to denote the Medi- or Magh-Line, county of Antrim, to Laegh ; terranean sea — See Haliday's edition, pp. 256, 22. Corann, in the now county of Sligo, to 258.
Cairbre ; 23. Magh- Ailbhe, in the present county b Tealach-an-chosgair: i. e. the Hill of the Vic-
of Kildare, to his daughter Ailbhe ; 24. Magh- tory. O'Flaherty (ubi supra) states that he was
Aeife, otherwise called Magh- Feimheann, now slain on the banks of the Boyne, at a place which
Iffa and Ofia East, in the county of Tipperary, to he calls Kill-Droicheat.
L2
76
emeaww.
[4607-
an cop5aip i TTIaij TTluipeaDa i mbpfgoib. dp e an cUjaine pin po pacha na nuile Dul aicpibe -\ nfmaicpiDe pop piopa Gpeann 50 coiccfnD, lomcopnam im pijje n6peann ppia a cloinn 50 bpdch na ppia piol bfop.
baobchao, mac GachDach buabaij, mp nUghaine TTlop Id 50 Ific ipn pije, 50 pop mapb Lao^aipe Cope, mac Ujame, a noiojail a acap.
Cloip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceo apeachc. Qn ceo bliabain Do Laojaipe Lope, mac Ujame TTlhoip, hi pije nGpeann innpin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceD a hochc. lap mbfic Da bliaDain hi pije nGpeann DO Laojaipe Lope, mac Ughaine, DO pochaip la Cobchac Caol mbpfjh hi cCapman.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceo anaoi. Qn ceo bliaDain Do Cobcach Caol bhpfj hi pije nGpeann inDpin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceo caogac a hochc. lap mbfic caojacc bliaDain i pije nGpeann Do Cobcach Caol bpfj, mac Ujame TTlhoip, DO pocaip la Labpaio Lomgpeac, TTlaen mac Oiliolla Cline, co ccpiochaiD ime hi nOionn pij pop bpu bfpba.
c Oaths See Battle ofMagh Bath, p. 3, and
Petrie's Antiquities of Tar a, Hill, p. 10, for a fuller account of this pagan oath exacted by Ugaine from the Irish chieftains.
d Was killed. — Keating tells a horrible story of the treacherous manner in which Cobhthach con- trived the murder of Laeghaire Lore or Laegh- aire the Murderer, and of the manner in which Maen, afterwards called Labhraidh Loingseach, was treated by him; but the Irish Annals are silent about these details, and, therefore, we must regard Keating's story as a poetical in- vention.
e Dinn-righ — See note under A. M. 3267. In a fragment of the Annals of Tighernach, preserved in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, Eawlinson, 502, fol. 1, b. col. 1, this fact is also mentioned, and the place is called Dinn-Righ in Magh-Ailbhe, and the house or palace Bruidhin Tuama-Teanbath. The Annals of Clonmacnoise also mention this burning of " Cobhthach, toge- ther with thirty Irish princes, on the Barrowe
side, at a place called Dinrye."
Keating tells a romantic story of the flight of Moen, or Labhraidh, to France, and of the man- ner in which he was induced to return to Ire- land by the lady Moriat, daughter of Scoriat, prince of Corcaguiny, in Kerry (now the name of a river in that territory). According to this story, Labhraidh returned to Ireland with a force of 2200 men, who brought with them a kind of broad-headed lance or javelin, called laijne, from which the province of Leinster, which had been previously called Gailian, re- ceived the appellation of Laighin. With these he landed in the harbour of Wexford, whence he marched to Dinn-righ, on the Kiver Barrow, near Leighlin, where he rushed into the palace, put the king and thirty of his nobility to the sword, and set the palace on fire, &c.
This story, which savours very strongly of romance, is differently told in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, as translated by Mageoghegan, as follows:
4607-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 77
Magh-Muireadha, in Bregia. This Ugaine was he who exacted oathsc, by all the elements visible and invisible, from the men of Ireland in general, that they would never contend for the sovereignty of Ireland with his children or his race.
Badhbhchadh, son of Eochaidh Buadhach, was for a day and a half after Ugaine in the sovereignty of Ireland, when Laeghaire Lore, son of Ugaine, slew him, in revenge of his father.
The Age of the World, 4607. This was the first year of Laeghaire Lore, son of Ugaine Mor, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4608. Laeghaire Lore, son of Ugaine, after having been two years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was killed" by Cobhthach Gael Breagh, at Carman (Wexford).
The Age of the World, 4609. This was the first year of Cobhthach Gael Breagh in the monarchy of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4658. Cobhthach Gael Breagh, son of Ugaine, after having been fifty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Labhraidh Loingseach, [i. e.] Maen, son of Oilioll Aine, with thirty kings about him, at Dinn-righe, on the brink of the Bearbha.
" Also the said Covhagh slew Oilill Anye, son reigned 17 years. King Covhagh had little care,
of the said King Logery, after which foul fact of the Irish proverb, which is, that ' one should
done, Lawry Longseach," [great] " grandchild never trust a reconciled adversary.' This murther
of king Owgany, and" [grand] " son of Logery was committed on the Barrowe side, at a place
Lork, was banished by him, who remained many called Dinrye or Deannrye, and divers of the
years beyond seas, seeking to bring into this nobility were there murthered as aforesaid, land foreigners to invade it ; and, in the end, " Some say that the city of Roome was
after long banishment, his great uncle, the king founded about the beginning of this precedent
of Ireland, made friendship with him, and be- king's reign.
stowed upon him and his heirs, for ever, the " Finncha mac Baiceadha reigned then in
province of Lynster, since which time there Eawyn-Macha, as king of Ulster, hath been mortal hatred, strife, and debate, be- " Lawry Loyngseagh, after thus murthering
tween those of the province of Connaught, his uncle, succeeded as king of the kingdom.
Ulster, and Lynster, the one descending of The province of Lynster took the name of him"
King Covhagh, and the other of his brother, [recte, in his time], "for in the time of his ba-
•King Logery Lork. King Covhagh was invited nishment he brought divers foreigners into this
to a feast by his said nephew, Lawrey, and there land that were armed with a kind of weapons
was treacherously burnt, together with thirty which they brought with them, like pykes or
Irish princes, in his own house, after he had spears, which, in Irish, were called Layny, and
aNNQ6a Rioghachca eiReaww. [4659-
78
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceo caogac anaoi. Qn ceo bliabain Do Lab- paib Loingpeac hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceD pfchcmojac apeacc. lap mbfic naoi mbliabna oecc DO Labpaib Loingpeac, TTlaen mac Oiliolla Qine, mic Laojaipe Luipc, micUjameTTloip, i pije nGpeann DO pocaip la TTlelje TYlolbrac, mac Cobcaijh Caoil bpfgh.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceo peachcmojac a hochc. Qn ceo bliaDain Do ITlelje TTIolbcac, mac Cobcaic Chaoil 6pf£, hi pije n6peann innpin.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mile pe ceD nochac a cfcaip. lap mbfic peachc mbliaona 065 hi pije n6peann Do TTlelje TTIolbcac, mac Cobcaigh Caoil bpfjh, DO cfp i ccac Claipe la TTlobcopb. Qn can po clap a peapc ap ann po meabam Loch TTlelje po cfp hi cCoipbpe, comb uaba ainmnijcfp.
Ctoip Domain, cficpe mile pe ceD nochac a cuig. Qn ceo bliabam DO TTlobcopb mac Cobcaigh Caoim, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile peachc cceo a haon. lap mbfic peachc mbliabna hi pije nGpeann Do TTlobcopb mac Cobcaigh Caoim Do pocaip la hQenjap Ollam.
Ctoip Domain, cficpe mile peachc cceo, aoo. Qn ceo bliabam oQengup Ollam, mac Oiliolla, mic Cabpaba, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile pechc cceo anaoi 065. Q hocc Decc oQengup Ollam mac Oiliolla, mic Cabpaba, 50 ccopcaip la hlpepeo, mac TPelje, i bpoipcfno na pee hipin.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfchc ceo piche. Qn ceio bbabam olpepeo, mac TTlelge TTlolbcaijh, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfchc ceo piche ape. lap mbeic pfcc mbliabna
were never before used in Ireland, of whom the h Loch Mdghe. — Now Lough Melvin, a beau-
Leynstermen and Leynster itself took the name, tiful lake situated on the confines of the counties
He reigned 14 years, and was slain by Melge, of Fermanagh, Leitrim, and Donegal __ See notes
son of King Couhagh. under A. D. 1421, 1455.
" Connor Moyle Mac Fuhie reigned then king ' Cairbre — Now the barony of Carbury, in
of Ulster twelve years." the county of Sligo. No part of Lough Melvin
f Seventeen years — " Meylge was king twelve now belongs to this barony.
years."— Annals of Clonmicnoise. " Seven years __ " Mocorb was king six years,
g Claire — See A.M. 4169- and was slain by Enos Ollowe. About this
4659-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 79
The Age of the World, 4659. The first year of the reign of Labhraidh Loingseach in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4677. Labhraidh Loingseach, [i. e.] Maen, son of Oilioll Aine, son of Laeghaire Lore, son of Ugaine Mor, after having been nine- teen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Melghe Molbhthach, son of Cobhthach Gael Breagh.
The Age of the World, 4678. This was the first year of Melghe Molbh- thach, [the Praiseworthy] son of Cobhthach Gael Breagh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4694. Melghe Molbhthach, son of Cobhthach Gael Breagh, after having been seventeen yearsf in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell in the battle of Claire8, by Modhcorb. When his grave was digging, Loch Melghe11 burst forth over the land in Cairbre', so that it was named from him.
The Age of the World, 4695. The first year of Modhcorb, son of Cobh- thach Caemh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4701. Modhcorb, son of Cobhthach Caemh [the Comely], after having been seven years" in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Aengus Ollamh.
The Age of the World, 4702. The first year of Aenghus Ollamh, son of Labhraidh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4719. The eighteenth1 [year] of Aenghus Ollamh, son of Oilioll, son of Labhraidh ; and he was slain by Irereo, son of Melghe, at the end of that time.
The Age of the World, 4720. The first year of Irereo, son of Melghe Molbhthach, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4726. Irereo™, son of Melghe, after having been
time was born that famous poet of the Romans m Irereo. — Mac Curtiri and most manuscript
called Virgil, in a village called Andes, not far copies of Keating's History of Ireland, call this
from Mantua." monarch laranngleo Fathach, i. e. Iron-fight
1 Eighteenth. — " Enos was king seven years, the Cautious (i. e. suspicex — Lynch) ; but the
and at last was slain by Irero, son of Meylge, best copies of Keating and of the Leabhar-
near about the time Pompeius was overcome of Gabhala have Irereo. O'Flaherty has both
Julius Caesar, and driven to take his flight into forms. Flann synchronizes Modhcorb, Aenghus
Egypt." — Annals of Clonmacnoise. Ollamh, and Irereo, with Ptolemy Evergetes.
go aNNQGu uiufciiuijiiou. eiReaNN. [4727-
hi pige nGpeann olpepeo, mac TTlelje, DO pochaip la pfpcopb mac TTIoba
cuipb.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfcc cceD piche apeache. Qn ceiD bliabam Dpiopcopb, mac TTloba Cuipb, hi pije nGpionn.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile pfcc cceo epiocac a pfcc. lap mbeie en bliabam 065 hi pije nGpionn opiop Copb Do pochaip la Connla Caom mac
Ipepeo.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile pfce cceD epiocac a hochc. Qn ceio bliabam DO Connla Caom hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfcc cceD caogac a pfcc. lap mbfic piche bliabam hi pije nGpeann Do Conla Caom acbail i cUfmpaijj.
Qoip Domain, cficpe pfcc cceo caogac a hochc. Qn ceo bliabam DOilioll Caippiaclach, mac Connla Caoim, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfcc cceo ochemojac aoo. lap mbfic cuig bliabna pichfc hi pije nGpeann oOilill Caippiaclach, mac Connla Caoim, mic Ipepeo, DO pochaip la hQoamap mic pipcuipb.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfcc cceo ochcmojac a cpi. Qn ceo bliabam oQoamap mac pipcuipb, op Gpinn.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfcc ceo ochcmojae apfcc. Qn cuijeab bliab- am oQoamap, mac pipcuipb, hi pijhe nGpeann, 50 ccopcaip la hGochaiD nQilclfean.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile pfcc cceD ochcmojac a hochc. Qn ceio bliabam oGochaib Qilclfchan hi pijhe op Gpmn.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile ochc ceo a cfcaip. lap mbfic peachc mbliabna oecc hi pije uap Gpinn oGochaib Qilclfchan, mac Oiliolla Caippiaclaich, Do pochaip la pfpjup popcamail.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile ochc ceo a cui5. Qn ceo bliabam opfpjup popcamail, mac bpfpail bpic, hi pij nGpeann.
The Annals of Clonmacnoise give Irereo a reign then quietly died in the pallace of Taragh."
of only six years. — Annals of Clonmacnoise. Keating calls this
n Eleven years. — " Fearcorb was king seven monarch Connla Cruaidhchealgach, i. e. Connla,
years." — Annals of Clonmacnoise. the Hardy-treacherous. Flann synchronizes the
0 Connla Caemh: i. e. Connla the Comely. Irish monarchs, Fearcorb and Connla, with
" Conley Keywe, alias the Fine, succeeded in Ptolemy Philopater.
the government of the kingdom four years, and p Oilioll Caisfhiadach : i. e. Oilioll of the bent
4727.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 81
seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Fearcorb, son of Modh- corb.
The Age of the World, 4727. The first year of Fearcorb, son of Modh- corb, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4737. After Fearcorb had been eleven years" in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Connla Caemh, son of Irereo.
The Age of the World, 4738. The first year of Connla Caemh in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4757. Connla Caemh0, after having been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died at Teamhair [Tara].
The Age of the World, 4758. The first year of Oilioll Caisfhiaclach", son of Connla Caemh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4782. After Oilioll Caisfhiaclach, son of Connla Caemh, son of Irereo, had been twenty-five years" in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Adamair, son of Fearcorb.
The Age of the World, 4783. The first year of Adamair, son of Fearcorb, over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4787. The fifth year' of Adamair, son of Fear- corb, in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he was slain by Eochaidh Ailtleathan.
The Age of the World, 4788. The first year of Eochaidh Ailtleathan in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4804. After Eochaidh Ailtleathan', son of Oilioll Caisfhiaclach, had been seventeen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Fearghus Fortamhail.
The Age of the World, 4805. The first year of Fearghus Fortamhail, son of Breasal Breac, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
or crooked Teeth. " Olillus Casfhiaclach, id est, id est tenuis cincinni," by Lynch. Flann syn-
rugonim dentium." — Lynch, chronizes Adamair and Eochaidh Foltleathan
q Twenty-fine years " Oilell reigned twenty- with Ptolemy Epiphanes.
five years, and was at last slain by Adamar." — s Eochaidh Ailtleathan: i. e. Eochaidh of the
Annals of Clonmacnoise. Broad Joints, or of the Broad House. Keating
' The fifth year. — " Adamar was king five writes his cognomen Foltleathan, which is trans- years, and was slain by Eochy Altleahan." — lated " promissi crinis" by Dr. Lynch. The Annals of Clonmacnoise. He is called Adhamar Annals of Clonmacnoise give him a reign of only Foltchaoin by Keating, and" AdamarusJFWtcAyn, seven years.
II
Rioshachca eineaNN. [4815.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile ochc ceo a cuig Decc. lap mbfic en bliaDain Decc i pije nepeqnn opeapgup popcamail, macbpfpail bpic, DO pochaip la Uuipmfch hi ccac Ceampach.
Qoip Domain, cfirpe mile ochc cceD ape Decc. Qn ceD bliaDain oQengup Cuipmeach Ueampach hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile ochc cceo peachcmojac acuij. lap mbfic pfpccac bliaDain hi pije nGpeann oQengup Cuipmeach Cfrhpach acbail hi cUeampnis- Cfonjup Uuipmeach DO jaipm De, ap ap cuicce cuipmiDcheap paop clanna Sil nGipeamom.
doiy Domain, cfirpe mile ochc cceD pfccmojac ape. dn ceD bliaoam DO Conall Collampach, mac Gcepfceoil, na pij op Gpinn.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile ochc cceD ochcmojac. lap mbfic cuig bliaDna hi pije nGpeann DO Conall Collampac, mac Gceppceoil Ufrhpach, mic 6ac- ach Qilclfcan, Do pochaip la Nia SeDamam.
Ctoip Domain, cficpe mile ochc cceD ochcmojac ahaon. Qn ceiD bliaoain DO Nia Sebamam, mac Q6amaip, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile ochc cceo ochcmojac apfchc. lap mbfic pfchc mbliaona hi pije nGpeann DO Nia SeDamam, macQDamaip,Do pochaip la hGnna Qijneach. Ctp a naimpip an pi'j NiaD Sfoamam Do blighcea ba 1 ellce po aencoma.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile ochc cceD ochcmojac ahochc. Qn ceiD bliaDain oGnna Qi^neach op Gpinn.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile naoi cceD a pfchc. lap mbfic piche bliaDain
' Fearghus Fortamhail: i. e. Fergus the Pow- dictus est." — Lynch. The Four Masters, O'Fla- erful or Brave. " Qui, quod eximia fortitudine herty, and Dr. O'Conor, derive the name differ- pro ilia tempestate prsecelleret, Fortamhail, id ently, namely, from cuipmeac, prolific, because est, Strenuus, cognominatus est." — Lynch. The he is the common ancestor of the great families Annals of Clonmacnoise give Enos Fortawyle a of Leath-Chuinn, Alba or Scotland, Dal-Kiada, reign of twelve years. Flann synchronizes him and Dal-Fiatach — See Ogygia, iii. c. 40. The with Ptolemy Philometer. Annals of Clonmacnoise make no allusion to
u Aenghus Tuirmheach. — Keating, and from Fiacha Fearmara being an incestuous offspring,
him Dr. Lynch, explains Tuirmheach, the cog- but speak of Enos Twyrmeach and his two sons
nomen of this monarch, by ndipeac, i. e. " Pudi- as follows :
bundus, quia pudore suffundereter, quod prolem " Enos succeeded, and was a very good king.
ex filia ebrius susceperit ; films ex hoc incesto He left issue two goodly and noble sons, Enna
coitu genitus Fiachus Fermara, id est, marinus Ayneagh and Fiagha Ferwara. The most part
4815.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 83
The Age of the World, 4815. FearghusFortamhail'.sonof Breasal Breac, after having been eleven years in the monarchy of Ireland, was slain by Aenghus Tuinnheach in the battle of Teamhair [Tara].
The Age of the World, 4816. The first year of the reign of Aenghus Tuirmheach Teamhrach in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4875. Aengus Tuirmheach Teamhrach, after having been sixty years in the monarchy of Ireland, died at Teamhair. He was called Aenghus Tuirmheach" because the nobility of the race of Eireamhon are traced to him.
The Age of the World, 4876. The first year of Conall Collamhrach, son of Ederscel, as king over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4880. Conall Collamhrach, son of Ederscel Teamhrah, son of Eochaidh Ailtleathan, after having been five years™ in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Nia Sedhamain.
The Age of the World, 4881. The first year of Nia Sedhamain, son of Adhamair, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4887. Nia Sedhamain, son of Adhamair, after having been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Enna Aigh- neach. It was in the time of the King Nia Sedhamain that the cows and the does1 were alike milked.
The Age of the World, 4888. The first year of Enna Aighneach over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4907. Enna Aighneach7, son of Aenghus Tuir-
of the kings of Ireland descended of his son lamrach by the Latin Columnaris. Enna, and the kings of Scotland, for the most x The does. — The cognomen of this monarch
part, descended of Fiagha, so as the great has reference to the milking of the peaoa, reaja
houses of both kingdoms derive their pedigrees or hinds, said to have been effected through the
from them. He was of the sept of Heremon, incantations of his mother. " Mater ejus, Flidh-
and reigned 32 years, and then died quietly at isa, sic fascinandi arte fuit instructa, ut filio regi
Taragh, in his bed." feras damas effecerit non secus ac cicures vaccas,
w Five years. — The Annals of Clonmacnoise se mulgendas lactariis ultro prsebere." — Lynch. agree with the Four Masters in the regnal years JEnna Aighneach. — Anglicised Enna Ayneagh
of this and the next reign. Flann synchronises by Mageoghegan in the Annals of Clonmacnoise,
Aengus Tuirmeach, Conall Collamhrach, Nia in which he is given a reign of only ten years.
Sedhamain, and Enna Aighneach, with Ptolemy The cognomen Aighneach is explained 05-
Evergetes-Physcon. O'Flaherty translates Col- oineac, i. e. perfect hospitality, by Keating.
M2
84 cmNata Rioshachca emeaNN. [4908.
hi jiije nGpeann DGnna Qignfch, mac Qonjapa Cuipmij Cfmpac, DO pocaip la Cpiomchann Copccpach In ccac CCipD Cpemcamn.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile naoi cceo a hochc. Qn cem bliaDam Do Cpiomhcann Copccpach, mac pelimm, mic pfpgupa popcamail, hi pije
nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile naoi ceo a haon noecc. lap mbfic cficpe bliaDna hi pije nGpeann DO Cpiorhcann Copccpac Do pochaip la RuDpuije, mac Sicpijhe.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile naoi cceo a Do Decc. Qn ceiD bliaDam DO Ruopuije, mac Sicpi^he, hi pi^he nGpeann.
Ctoif Dorilain, ceicpe mile naoi cceD ochcmojar a haon. lap mbfic pfcc- mojac bliaDam hi pije nGpeann Do ftuDpmje, mac Sicpighe, mic Ouib mic pomoip, mic Qipsfcmaip, aobail i nQipsfcglionD. Qp lap an Rubpuije pi po meabpac na cacha po po Gipino. Cach Cuipce, each Luachpa, peachc ccaca hi cCliu, each 5^earlDamriacl1) cacl1 s^ibe TTlip, each boipne, each T?en, each Cfi, cac Cuile SilinDe, Da each popcpaipcc.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile naoi cceD ochcmojac a Do. Ctn ceiD bliaDam Dlonoaomap, mac Nia SeDamain, hi pi^e op Gpinn.
Qoip Domain, ceicpe mile naoi cceo nochac. lap mbfic naoi mbliaDria hi pi£e nGpeann olonnacmap, mac Nia SeDamain, Do pochaip la bpeapal boioiobab, mac Ru&puije.
Qoip Domain, cficpe mile naoi ceo nocha a haon. Cfn ceiD bliaDam Do bpfpal boiDiobaDh i pighe nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cuig mile a haon. lap mbfic en bliaDam Decc na pijh op Gpmn Dobpeapalboioiobaoh, mac l?u&puije,oo pochaip la LughaiD Luaighne. boap mop i nGpinn hi pfimiup bpfpail.
z Crimfithann Cosgrach: i. e. Crimhthann the liudbraighe ?o long a reign as seventy years.
Triumphant or Victorious. " Cosgrach, id est, b Airgeat-gleann: i. e. the silver glen or valley,
victor, ideo cognominatus, quod in quam pluri- This was the name of a glen in the barony of
mis praeliis victoriam reportaverit." — Lynch. Farney, in the county of Monaghan.
a Seventy years. — The Annals of Clonmacnoise cCuirce. — A place in the territory of Ciaraighe-
and most Irish authorities agree in this. Flann Chuirche, now anglice the barony of Kerrycur-
synchronizes Crimhthann Cosgrach, Eudhraighe, rihy, in the county of Cork.
Innatmar, Breasal, and Lughaidh Luaighne, d Luachair: i. e. Sliabh Luachra in Kerry,
with Ptolemy Lathirus, and Ptolemy Alexander, e Cliu: i. e. Cliu-Mail, a district in the ba-
from which it appears that he did not give rony of Coshlea, and county of Limerick See
4908.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. &5
meach Teamhrach, after having been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Crimhthann Cosgrach, in the battle of Ard-Crimhthainn.
The Age of the World, 4908. The first year of Crimhthann Cosgrach, son of Feidhlimidh, son of Fearghus Fortamhail, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4911. Crimhthann Cosgrach2, after having been four years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Rudhraighe, son of Sithrighe.
The Age of the World, 4912. The first year of Rudhraighe, son of Sith- righe, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4981. Rudhraighe, son of Sithrighe, son of Dubh, son of Fomhor, son of Airgeatmar, after having been seventy yearsa in the sove- reignty of Ireland, died at Airgeat-gleannb. It was by this Rudghraighe that these battles were won throughout Ireland : the battle of Cuircec; the battle of Luachair"; seven battles in Cliue; the battle of Gleannamhnacl/ ; the battle ofSHabhMis8; the battle of Boirinn11; the battle of Ren1; the battle of Aik; the battle of Cuil-Silinne1 ; the two battles of Fortrascra.
The Age of the World, 4982. The first year of Innatmar, son of Nia Sedhamain, in sovereignty over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 4990. Innatmar, son of Nia Sedhamain, after having been nine years" in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Breasal Boidhiobadh, son of Rudraighe.
The Age of the World, 4991. The first year of Breasal Boidhiobhadh in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5001. Breasal Boidhiobhadh, son of Rudhraighe, after having been eleven years king over Ireland, was slain by Lughaidh Luaighne. There was a great mortality of kine° in Ireland in Breasal's reign.
A. M. 4981, and A. D. 1570. common See note under A. D. 1 189-
' Gleannamhnach — Now Glanworth, in the 'Cuil-Silinne. — This was the ancient name of
barony of Fermoy, and county of Cork. the place where the church of Cill-Cuile-Silinne,
s Slidbh Mis — Now Slieve Mish, a mountain now Kilcooley, in the barony and county of
near Tralee in Kerry. — See A. M. 3500. Roscommon, was afterwards erected — See A. D.
h Boirinn: i.e. Burren, in the north of the 1411, and Appendix, p. 2495.
county of Clare See A. M. 4981. m Fortrasc Not identified.
' Ren — This is probably intended for Magh- n Nine years — The Annals of Clonmacnoise
Rein, a plain in county of Leitrim. give this monarch a reign of only three years.
k Ai: i.e. of Magh Ai, in the county of Ros- ° Mortality ofkine. — From this moTtality he
Rioghachca eiReawN. [5002.
Cloip Domain, cuicc mile a DO. Qn ceiD bliaDain Do Cughaib Luaighne, mac lonDacmaip, hi pije nGpeann.
Cloip Domain, cuicc mile a pe Decc. Qn cuigeao bliabain Decc Do Lushaib Luaijne, mac lonDacmaip, hi pi£e nGpeann, 50 ccopcaip la Conjal Clap- oinfch, mac RuDpuije.
Qoip Domain, cuig mile a pfchc Decc. Qn ceD bliaDain Do Congal Clapoineach hi pije nGpeann.
Ctoip Domain, cuig mile cpiocha a haon. lap mbfic cuij bliabna Decc hi pije nGpeann ooCongalClapomfc, mac RuDpuije, Do pochaip la Ouach Dallna Oeabaoh.
Qoip Domain, cuig mile cpiocha a DO. Ctn ceiD bliaDain DO Ouach Oallca DeaohaD, mac Caipbpe Cuipcc, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, 6615 mile cfcpacha a haon. lap ccaicfm Deich mblia&on hi pije nGpeann Do Ouach Oallca Oeaoab, mac Caipbpe^Luifcc, Do pocaip la pachcna pachach.
Ctoip Domain, cuig mile cftpacha a Do. Qn ceiD bliaDain Dphachcna pachach hi pi£e nGpeann.
Ctoip Domain, cuig mile caoga a pfcc. lap mbfic pe bliabna Decc Dpachcna pacac, mac T?opa, mic RuDpuije, hi pije nGpeann Do ceap la hGochaiD ppeolech.
Qoip Domain, cuij mile caoga a hochc. Ctn ceiD bliaDain DGochaiD peiDleach hi pighe op Gpinn.
received his cognomen of Bodhiobhadh. "Breas- q Congal Claroineach: i.e. Congal of the Flat
sail Bodivo was king ten years. In his time Face. He is more usually called Clair-ingneach,
there was such a morren" [murrain] " of cowes i. e. of the Broad Nails. " He did many notable
in this land as there were no more then left acts of chivalry, as there are great volumes of
alive but one Bull and one Heiffer in the whole history written of his hardiness and manhood,
kingdom, which Bull and Heiffer lived in a He was slain by Duach Dalta Dea when he had
place called Gleann Sawasge." — Annals ofClon- reigned fifteen years." — Annals of Clonmacnoise,
macnoise. Gleann Samhaisg, or Glen of the Heifer, Flann synchronizes Congal Clairingneach with
is the name of a remarkable valley in the county Ptolemy Dionysius.
of Kerry, where this tradition is still vividly r Duach Dalta Deaghaidh, — Keating states remembered. that he was so called because he blinded his p Lughaidh Luaighne. — " Loway mac lonamar younger brother, Deaghaidh, lest he might as- reigned 25" [recte 15] "years, and was slain by pire to the sovereignty; but O'Flaherty shews, Congal Clareingneach." — Annals of Clonmac- from the Book of Lecan, fol. 203, o, and from noise. O'Duvegan's Book, fol. 81, a, and from Gilla-
5002.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 87
The Age of the World, 5002. The first year of the reign of Lughaidh Luaighne, son of Innatmar, in the monarchy of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5016. The fifteenth year of Lughaidh Luaighnep, son of Innatmar, in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he fell by Congal Cla- roineach, son of Rudhraighe.
The Age of the World, 5017. The first year of Congal Claroineach in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5031. Congal Claroineachq, son of Eudhraighe, after having been fifteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Duach Dallta Deadhadh.
The Age of the World, 5032. The first year of Duach Dallta Deadhadhr, son of Cairbre Lusg, in the monarchy of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5041. Duach Dallta Deadhadh, son of Cairbre Lusg, after having been ten years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Fachtna Fathach.
The Age of the World, 5042. The first year of Fachtna Fathach in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5057. Fachtna Fathach8, son of Rossa, son of Hudhraighe, after having been sixteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Eochaidh Feidhleach.
The Age of the World, 5058. The first year of Eochaidh Feidhleach1 in the sovereignty over Ireland.
Caemhain's poem, written in the twelfth cen- or Wise. The Annals of Clonmacnoise give him
tury, that he had no brother of that name, but a-reign of twenty-four years, and Flann synchro-
that he was called Dalta Deaghaidh, i. e. the nises him with Cleopatra.
Alumnus or Foster-son of Deaghaidh, son of Sen, ' Eochaidh Feidhleach Keating explains
of the Ernaans of Munster See Ogygia, part iii. Feidkkach as " constant sighing." This mo-
c. 42 ; and also Dr. O'Conor's Prolegomena ad narch rescinded the division of Ireland into
Annales, p. xxiii. The Annals of Clonmacnoise twenty-five parts, which had been made three
give this monarch a reign of only seven years, centuries before his time by the monarch
and state that he " was slain by Faghtna Fagh- Ugaine Mor, and divided the kingdom into five
agh about the time that Julius Csesar was mur- provinces, over each of which he appointed a
dered in the senate by Brutus and Cassius." pentarch or provincial king, who was obedient
O'Flaherty adds (ubi supra) that he was slain and tributary to himself. These were: Fearghus,
in the battle of Ardbrestine. son of Leide, King of Uladh or Ulster; Deagh-
*~ Fachtna Fathach: i. e. Fachtna the Cautious aidh, son of Sen, and his relative Tighernach,
88 ctNNata Rio^hachca emeaMN. [5069-
doip Domain, 0615 mile peapcca a naoi. lap mbfic Da bliabam Decc hi pi-rhe nGpeann oGochaib pfibleach, mac pino, mic pionDlojha, acbail i
rcfmpaij.
Ctoip Domain, cincc mile peachcmogac. Qn ceio bliabain DGochaib CXipfm (ofpbpachaip Gachach pfiolij) hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cuicc mile ochcmojac a cfraip. lap ccaicfm 0615 mbliabna noecc hi pije nGpeann oGochaib Qtpfm po loipcceab la Siojmall hi
amo.
Qoip Domain, cuicc mile ochcmojac a 0(115. ^n C^D bliabam mac Gojain, mic Oiliolla, na pij op 6pinn.
Qoip Domain, cuig mile ochrmogac anaoi. lap ccocaicfm coicc mbliaDan hi pijhe nGpeann oGoeppcel, mac Gojain, mic Oiliolla, Do pochaip la Nuaba Neachc, i nCtillino.
Qoip Domain, cuicc mile nochac. lap ccaicfm Ificbliabna hi pighe nGpeann Do Nuaba Nfchc, mac Seona Sicbaicc, copcaip hi ccac Cliach i nUib Opona la Conaipe TTlop. Leicbliabam complainp clomne Gimhip pmD hi ccfnn na leic bliaban po Nuabac Nfcc comldnaijfp nochac ap cuig mile bliabam i naoip Domain.
Qoip Domain, cuicc mile nocha a haon. Qn ceio bliabam oo Conaipe TTlop, mac Gceppceoil, i pije nGpeann.
Tedbhannach, Kings of the two Munsters ; Eossa a ludicrous size in her fairy state,
lluadh, son of Fcarghus, King of Leinster; Oi- u Eochaidh Aireamh — Keating says that he
lioll, who was married to Meadhbh, the mo- received the cognomen of Aireamh, " the Grave-
narch's daughter, King of Connaught. Flann digger," because he was the first who had a
synchronises Fearghus, son of Leide, with Oc- grave dug in Ireland. " Aireamh ideo dictus,
tavianus Augustus See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, quod tumulos effodi primus in Hibernia cura-
part iii. c. 43. This monarch had three sons, verit." — Lynch.
Breas, Nar, and Lothar, commonly called the Contemporary with Eochaidh was Fearghus
three Finns of Eamhain; and six daughters, Mac Roich, King of Ulster, who being de-
Mumhain, Eile, Meadhbh, Deirdre, Clothra, and throned by Conchobhar Mac Nessa, fled to Con-
Eithne, of whom strange stories are told in an- naught, and placed himself under the protection
cient Irish manuscripts ; but of all his children of Oilioll and Meadhbh, king and queen of that
by far the most celebrated was Meadhbh or Mab, province, and, having procured their aid, he
who is still remembered as the queen of the commenced hostilities with Ulster, which were
fairies of the Irish, and the Queen Mab of Spen- vigorously carried on for seven years. This war
ser'sFaery Queen, in which this powerful virago, between Ulster and Connaught is described in
queen and quean of Connaught, is diminished to the Irish work called Tain Bo Cuailgne, and
5069-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 89
The Age of the World, 5069. Eochaidh Feidhleach, son of Finn, son of Finnlogha, after having been twelve years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died at Teamhair [Tara].
The Age of the World, 5070. The first year of Eochaidh Aireamh (bro- ther of Eochaidh Feidhleach) in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5084. Eochaidh Aireamh11, after having been fifteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was burned by Sighmall, at Freamh- ainn".
The Age of the World, 5085. The first year of Ederscel, son of Oilioll, as king over Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5089. Ederscel, son of Eoghan, son of Oilioll, after having been five years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain byNuadhaNeacht, at Aillinn*.
The Age of the World, 5090. Nuadha Neacht", son of Sedna Sithbhaic, after having spent half a year in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell in the battle of Cliach, in Ui Drona1, by Conaire Mor. The half year of the joint reign of Clann-Eimhir-Finn, being added to this half year of Nuadha Neacht, completes ninety and five thousand years of the age of the world.
The Age of the World, 5091. The first year of Conaire Mor, son of Ederscel, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
other romantic tales, in which the extraordinary applied to a lofty hill rising over the western
valour of the heroes of the Craebh Ruadh, or shore of Loc Uaip, anglice Lough Owel, in the
Red Branch, in Ulster, and of the Firbolgic sept townland of Wattstown, parish of For tlemon,
of Connaught called the Gamanradians of Irras, and county of Westmeath. — See the Ordnance
are blazoned with poetical exaggerations. Among Map of that county, sheet 11. The Annals of
the former was Conall Cearnach, the ancestor of Clonmacnoise give this monarch a reign of
O'More, and Cuchullainn, called by the annalist twenty-five years. The Leabhar-Gabhala of the
Tigernach, " fortissimus heros Scotorum ;" and O'Clerys, p. 1 30, states that Sighmall dwelt at
among the latter was Ceat Mac Magach, the bro- Sidh-Neannta, which was the ancient name of
ther of Oilioll, King of Connaught, and Ferdia Mullaghshee, near Lanesborough, in the county
MacDamain, the bravest of the Firbolgic cham- ofRoscommon.
pions of Irras, who was slain by Cuchullainn in * Aillinn See A. M. 4169.
single combat.— See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part y Nuadha Neacht : i. e. Nuadha the Snow-
iii. cc. 46, 47, 48 ; and Dr. O'Conor's Prolegom. white. " Is inde sortitus agnomen Neacht quod
ad Annales, pp. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. nivi (quam neacJit significatione refert) cutis
w Freamhainn — Keating places this in Teab- candore non cesserit." — Lynch.
tha. It is now called, anglice, Frewin, and is * Cliach, in Ui-Drona : i. e. in the barony of
N
90
a Rioghachca
[5160.
Qoip Domain, cuicc mile ceo peapcca. lap mbfic pfchcmogac bliabam hi pije nGpeann DO Conaipe TT16p, mac Gcippceoil, DO pocaip hi mbpuijin Da Dfp5 la oibeapjaib. Op a pplaic Conaipe DO cuipeab an muip copcap 506 bliaona pa rip i nlnbfp Colpa DO ponnpaO. Oo gebci beop cna lomaip pop bhomD-j bhuaip ppia linn. No biooh na cfcpa jan corhoa a nGpinn ina plaic, ap meo an cpioba -] an caencorhpaic. Nip bo coipneac ambcionach a plaic, ap nf bmnjeaD gaoc caipce a hmolib 6 mfoon pojhmaip 50 mfbon Gappaij. Suaill na peacDaoip na peaoha Daibble a meapa ppia linn.
Qoip Domain, cuicc mile ceo peapcca a haon. Qn ceD bliabain oGpinn jan pfjh lap cConaipe.
Qoip Domain cuig mile ceD peapcca ape. Qn ceiD bliaDain Do CughaiD Spiab nofpcc hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Domain, cuig mile ceD nochac a haon. lap mbfic pe bliaDna pichfc hi pighe nGpeann DO CujhaiD Spiab nofpcc ac bach DO cumaD.
Qoip oomain, cuig mile ceo nochac aoo. Qon bliaDain DO Concubap
Idrone, and county of Carlow. After the fall of Nuadha and the defeat of his people, Conaire levied a fine on the people of Leinster for the killing of his father, and they resigned by a solemn treaty to the kings of Munster that tract of Ossory extending from Gowran to Grian — Ogygia, part iii. c. 44.
" Bruighean-da-Dhearg — Otherwise called Bruighean-da-Bhearga. This place is described in Leabhar-na-h- Uidhri, as situated on the River Dothair, now the Dodder, near Dublin. A part of the name is still preserved in Bothar-na- Bruighne, i. e. the road of the Bruighean, or fort, a well-known place on that river. Flann synchronizes Eochaidh Feidhleach, Eochaidh Aireamh, Ederscel, Nuadha Neacht, and Conaire, with Julius Caesar and Octavianus Augustus. He extends the reign of Conaire over those of the Roman emperors Tiberius, Caligula, and Clau- dius. The fort or palace of King Canaire was burnt by Aingcel Caech, and other desperadoes, whom he had expelled Ireland on account of their riots and depredations — See Ogygia, part iii. c. 45.
b Reign of Conaire. — The Annals of Clonmac- noise give this monarch a reign of sixty years, and add, " Jesus Christ was crucified in his time." The Irish writers usually ascribe the peace and plenty of the reigns of their monarchs to the righteousness of these monarchs ; but the peace, plenty, and happiness of this particular reign, O'Flaherty and others attribute to the presence of the Redeemer on earth, when he breathed the same air with man, and walked in human form among them — See Ogygia, part iii. c. 45. We have, however, no evidence of the prosperity of the reign of Conaire older than the twelfth century, and it is to be suspected that the account of the happiness of Ireland during his reign is a mere invention of Christian writers, for the Irish writers do not at all agree as to the reign in which the Redeemer was born. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise it is stated that some " affirm that Jesus Christ, 4he only be- gotten Son of God Almighty, was born of the spotless Virgin Mary, about the twenty-sixth year of the reign of Faghtna Fahagh ; Connor,
5160.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND,
91
The Age of the World, 5160. Conaire, son of Ederscel, after having been seventy years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain at Bruighean-da-Dhearg", by insvtrgents. It was in the reign of Conaire" that the sea annually cast its produce ashore, at lnbhear-Colpthac. Great abundance of nuts were [annually] found upon the Boirm [Boyne] and the Buais" during his time. The cattle were without keepers in Ireland in his reign, on account of the greatness of the peace and concord. His reign was not thunder-producing or stormy, for the wind did not take a hair off the cattle from the middle of Autumn to the mid- dle of Spring. Little but the trees bent from the greatness of their fruit during his time.
The Age of the World, 5161. The first year of Ireland without a king, after Conaire.
The Age of the World, 5166. The first year of Lughaidh Sriabh-ndearg in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5191. Lughaidh Sriabh-ndearg8, after having been twenty-six years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died of grief.
The Age of the World, 5192. Conchobhar Abhradhruadhf, son of Finn
the son of the said Faghtna, being King of Ulster, and Oilell mac Eosse King of Con- naught." Keating, however, says that Christ was born in the twelfth year of the reign of Crimhthann Niadhnair, an incestuous offspring, of whom such disgusting stories are told that we are very willing to regard him as not having breathed the same air with the Redeemer. The heroes of the Red Branch who flourished during this and the preceding reigns are much celebrated by the Irish writers.
c Inbhear-Colptha This was and is still the
name of the mouth of the River Boyne.
d Buais Now the River Bush, in the north
of the county of Antrim.
e Lughaidh Sriabh-nDearg : i. e. Lughaidh of the Red Circles. Keating says he was so called because he was marked with red circles round his body, a fact which he accounts for by a very repulsive legend which O'Flaherty (Ogygia,
part iii. c. 49) has proved to be an idle fiction. According to the Annals of Clonmacnoise " he reigned 25 years, and died of a conceipt he took" [grief] " of the death of his wife Dervorgil." Flann says that this monarch died in the fifth year of the Emperor Vespasian.
f Conchobhar Abhradhruadh: i.e. Conchobhar, or Conor, of the Reddish Eyelashes, or Eye- brows.
" Supercilia Conchauri rufa cognomentum Abhraruadh illi fecerunt, abhra enim supercilia, et ruadh rufus significat." — Lynch.
The Annals of Tighernach agree with the Four Masters in giving this monarch a reign of only one year, namely, the 5th of Vespasian, i. e. A. D. 74. /From this Dr. O'Conor con- cludes that those Irish writers err who place the birth of Christ in the reign of Crimhthann Niadhnair. — See his Prolegom. ad Annales, p. li. and from p. Ixxvii. to p. Ixxx.
2
92 QNNaca Rio^hachca eiReaww. [5193.
CtbpaopuaD, mac pmn pilfb, mic ttoppa Ruaib, mic FfP5ura FaiPT>5e« I" pijhe nGpeann 50 ccopchaip la Cpiorhcann, mac Luijbeach Spiab nofpcc.
Qoip Domain, cuig mile ceo nochac a cpf. Qn ceiD bliaDain Do Cpiom- rann Niabnaip,«mac Luisbeach, hi pi£e nGpeann.
Chip Domain, cuicc mile ceo nocha a cfcaip. Cln Dapa bliabam Do Cpiomrann.
OQO1S CR1OSU.
Qn ceo bliabam oaoip CpfopD,-| an coccmab bliabain DO pighe Cpiom- rainn Niaonaip.
doip Cpiopc, a naoi. d f e Decc DO Cpiomrann hi pighe nepeann, 50 nep- bailc i nOun Cpiomrainn, i nGoaip, mp rcomeachc Don eachcpa oippbfipc popp a noeachaib. Qf Don eachcpa fin cug laif na feoiD aDampa imon ccappac nopba, -| imon ppiccill noip, 50 ccpfb cceooib geam gloiniDe innce, -| imon cCeDaij cCpiomcainn,lene paineamail ipiDe co mbpeachcpab opba. Oo bfpc cloibfrii cacbuabach co niolap nairpeach DO maip oip aichleajcha ap na pionnab ann, pciach co mbocoiDib aipgic aenjil, pleagh Da nac cepnooh ofn no gonca 61, caball ap nach ceillccci upcop niompaill, i Da coin 50
» Niadhnair Dr. O'Conor translates this patriam retulit, nempe currum aureum ; alveo-
cognomen miles verecundus ; and O'Flaherty un- lum lusorium ex auro, trecentas splendentes
derstands it to mean " husband of Nair ;" but gemmas pro scrupis habentem ; Phrigium in-
Keating gives it a far different interpretation : dusium auro intextum; ensem capulo deaurato
" Tracto cognomine aboriginis pudore, nam-/Vza sculp turarum varietate decoratum cui ea vis
perinde est ac pugil, et nair ac pudibundus : inerat, ut semper victoriam retulerit ; scutum
etenim ille niaximo profundebatur pudore, quod baccis argenteis coelatum ; lanceam vulnus im-
de matris ac filii coitu genitus fuerit." — Lynch. medicabile semper infligentem ; fundum a scopo
k Dun-Cnmhthainn : i. e. Crimhthann's Fort, nunquam aberrantem ; duos canes venaticos
This fort was situated on the hill of Howth, and ligamine argentes astrictos quod centum cum-
its site is occupied by the Bailie's lighthouse. hala" [ancillis] " estimatum est ; cum multis
' Wonderful jewels. — The account of this ex- aliis." — p. 126.
pedition is given by Keating nearly in the same The Leabhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys contains
words as by the Four Masters, and the passage is a poem of seventy- two verses, ascribed to King
translated into Latin by Dr. Lynch, as follows: Crimhthann himself, in which he describes the
" Cremthonus ille paulo ante mortem ab ex- precious articles he brought into Ireland on this
peditione reversus insignia quasdam eimelia in occasion. It begins, fflu Do cooh an eachcpa
5193.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
93
File, son of Rossa Ruadh, son of Fearghus Fairrghe, was one year in the sove- reignty of Ireland, when he was slain by Crimhthann, son of Lughaidh Sriabh- ndearg.
The Age of the World, 5193. The first year of Crimhthann Niadhnair, son of Lughaidh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of the World, 5194. The second year of Crimhthann.
OF THE AGE OF CHRIST.
The first year of the age of Christ, and the eighth year of the reign of Crimhthann Niadhnair8.
The Age of Christ, 9. The sixteenth year of Crimhthann in the sove- reignty of Ireland* when he died at Dun-Crimhthainnh, at Edair, after returning from the famous expedition upon which he had gone. It was from this expe- dition he brought with him the wonderful jewels', among which were a golden chariot, and a golden chess-board, [inlaid] 'with a hundred transparent gems, and the Cedach-Crimhthainnk, which was a beautiful cloak, embroidered with gold. He brought a conquering sword, with many serpents of refined massy gold inlaid in it ; a shield, with bosses of bright silver ; a spear, from the wound inflicted by which no .one recovered ; a sling, from which no erring shot was
n-an: i. e. "fortunate" [it was] "that I went on the delightful adventure." But no mention is made of the countries into which he went. It is fabled that he was accompanied on this expe- dition by his Bainleannan, or female sprite, named Nair, from whom he was ca]led"*Niadh Nairi, i. e. Nair's hero, which is a far more ro- mantic explanation of the name than that dis- gusting one given by Keating, obviously from some Munster calumniator of the race of Here- mon. The following notice of this expedition of King Crimhthann is given in the Annals of Clonmacnoise ; but it would appear to have been interpolated by Mageoghegan, who evi- dently had a copy of a romantic tale of Crimh-
thann's adventure :
"It is reported that he was brought by a fairy lady into her palace, where, after great entertainment bestowed upon him, and after they took their pleasure of one another by carnal knowledge, she bestowed a gilt coach with a sum of money on him as love-token ; and soon after he died."
O'Flaherty says that this Nair was King Crimhthann's queen — See Ogygia, p. 294.
k Cedach-Crimliihainn — Michael O'Clery ex- plains the word cfeoac by bpac (a cloak) in his Glossary, and adduces the Ceoac Cpiorhcamii as an example. From this it is evident that this cloak was celebrated in Irish romantic stories.
94
[10.
plabpab ngeal apccaio fcoppa. 17o bpiii ceo curhal an plabpab hipin maille le rnopan Do peDoib oile.
Goip Cpiopr, a oeich. Qn ceo bliaoain DO jiije Caipppe Cmncaic, mp mapbaD na paopclann DO cen mocha uarab cepna ap an opcoin in po hoprab na huaiple tap na hQireachruachoib. CtnaD na cpf paoip acpullacup uacha an lonbaib pin. pepaDhac pionnpfchcnach, occdo pfol cCumn CeOr cachaij, Ciobpaioe Uipeach, occdo Odl nGpaibe, -| Copb Olum, occdo piogpaib 6ojanachca hi TTluTfiain. Ctgup cmh iaDpi6e bd hi mbponnaib a mairpeac luibpioc caipip. 6aine injfn pij Ctlban ba macaip opeapabach pionnpfccnach, Cpuipe injfn pfjh bpfcan macaip Cuipb Oluim, -] Qine mjfn pfgh Sa^an mdraip Uiobpaioe Opigh.
1 Cairbre Cinncait : i. e. Cairbre the Cat- headed. Keating states that he was so called because he had ears like those of a cat. In the Leabhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys a more de- tailed account of the murder of the Milesian nobility by the Firbolgic plebeians is given, of which the following is a literal translation :
" The Attacotti of Ireland obtained great sway over the nobility, so that the latter were all cut off, except those who escaped the slaughter in which the nobles were exterminated by the At- tacots. The Attacotti afterwards set up Cairbre Caitcheann, one of their own race, as their king. These are the three nobles that escaped from this massacre, namely: Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach, from whom are descended the race of Conn of the Hundred Battles ; Tibraide Tireach, from whom are the Dal- Araidhe ; and Corb Olum, from whom are the nobles of the race ofEimhearFinn. These sons were in their mother's wombs when they escaped from the massacre of Magh-Cro, in Con- naught ; and each of the three queens went re- spectively over sea. Baine, the daughter of the king of Alba, was the mother of Fearadhach ; Cruife, the daughter of the king of Britain, was the mother of Corb Olum, who was otherwise called Deirgtheine ; and Aine, the daughter of . the king of Saxony, was the mother of Tipraide
Tireach. Evil, indeed, was the condition of Ireland in the time of this Cairbre, for the earth did not yield its fruits to the Attacotti after the great massacre which they had made of the nobility of Ireland, so that the corn, fruits, and produce of Ireland were barren ; for. there used to be but one grain upon the stalk, one acorn upon the oak, and one nut upon the hazel. Fruitless were her harbours; milkless her cattle; so that a general famine prevailed over Ireland during the five years that Cairbre was in the sovereignty. Cairbre afterwards died, and the Attacotti offered the sovereignty of Ireland to Morann, son of Cairbre. He was a truly intelligent and learned man, and said that he would not accept of it, as it was not his he- reditary right; and, moreover, he said that the scarcity and famine would not cease until they should send for the three legitimate heirs, to the foreign countries" [where they were], " namely, Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach, Corb Olum, and Ti- braide Tireach, and elect Fearadhach as king, for to him it was due, because his father" [the last monarch] " had been killed in the massacre we have mentioned, whence his mother, Baine, had escaped. This was done at Morann's suggestion, and it was to invite Fearadhach to be elected king that Morann sent the celebrated Udhacht
10.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
discharged ; and two greyhounds, with a silver chain between them, Avhich chain was worth three hundred cumhals ; with many other precious articles.
The Age of Christ, 10. The first year of the reign of Cairbre Cinncait1, after he had killed the nobility, except a few who escaped from the massacre in which the nobles were murdered by the Aitheach Tuatham. These are the three nobles who escaped from them at that time : Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach", from whom are [sprung] all race of Conn of the Hundred Battles ; Tibraide Tireach0, from whom are the Dal-Araidhe ; and Corb Olump, from whom are the kings of the Eoghanachts, in Minister". And as to these, it was in their mothers' wombs they escaped. Baine, daughter of the king of Alba, was the mother of Fear- adhach Finnfeachtnach ; Cruife, daughter of the king of Britain, was the mother of Corb Olum ; and Aine, daughter of the king of Saxony, was the mother of Tibraide Tireach.
ot Testament. The nobles were afterwards sent for, and the Attacotti swore by Heaven and Earth, the Sun, Moon, and all the elements, that they would be obedient to them and their descendants, as long as the sea should surround Ireland4. They then came to Ireland and settled, each in his hereditary region, namely, Tipraide Tireach, in the east of Ulster ; Corb Olum in the south, over Munster ; and Fearadhach Finn- feachtnach, at Teamhair of the Kings." — Page 134.
After this follows, in this work, an anonymous poem of forty-eight verses on the massacre of the Milesian nobility at Magh-Cro, where they were entertained at a feast by the Aitheach- Tuatha or plebeians, and on the restoration of the lawful heir. It begins "Soepclcmna Gpeann uile," " the nobles of Ireland all."
A detailed account of this massacre of the Milesian nobility at Magh-Cro, near Knoekmaa, in the county of Galway, is preserved in a ma- nuscript in the Library of Trin. Coll. Dublin, H. 3, 18. It is entitled 6pui£ean na n-diceac Cuaca, i. e. the Palace of the Attacotti.
m Aitheach- Tuatha This name, usually latin- ized Attacotti, is interpreted Giganteam-Gentem
by Dr. O'Conor (Prolog, i. 74), but " Plebei- orum hominum genus," by Dr. Lynch and others. They were the descendants of the Firbolgs and other colonies, who were treated as a servile and helot class by the dominant Scoti — See reign of Niall Naeighiallach.
n Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach: i. e. Fearadhach Finn, the Righteous. " peaccnoc .1. ptpenca." — O'Clery. Conn of the Hundred Battles, the ancestor of the most distinguished families of Ulster and Connaught, was the fourth in descent from him ; but the royal family of Leinster is not descended from him, so that their ancestor also escaped this massacre.
0 Tibraide Tireach. — He was king of Ulster for thirty years and ancestor of Magennis, Mac Artan, and other families of the east of Ulster ; but there are other chieftain families of the race of Rudhraighe, not descended from him, as O'More of Leix, O'Conor Kerry, and O'Conor Corcomroe.
p Corb Olum He was otherwise called
Deirgtheine, and from him Oilioll Olum, King of Munster, and ancestor of the most powerful families of Munster, was the fourth in descent.
' Eoghanachts, in Munster — He is also the
Rioghachca eiReaNN. [14.
Qoip Cpiope, a cfeaip oecc. lap mbfie 0615 bliaona hi pighe nGpeann DO Chaipbpe CaiccfnD debar. Olc cpa po bof Gpe ppm peirhiuppiom, aimbpich a hioch, ap ni bioo ace en 5pdine ap an cconall, eccopehach a hinbip, oiopcc a cfepa, nfimlionmap a mfp, ap ni biob ace aen ofpc ap an
palaij.
TTlac Don Caipbpe hifin an TTlopann moipeolach ppip a paice TTlopann
mac TDaoin.
Qoip Cpiope, a cuig Decc. Qn ceD bliaDam DpfpaDach pionnpfchcnach na pish op Gpinn. TTlaich epa po po boi 6ipe ppia linnpiom. Roboap cfpca puaimnfch na piona. Cuipmip an calam a copao. lapccmap na hinbiopa, blfchcmapa na buaip, ceanncpom na coillce.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpioca a pe. lap ccaicfrh Da bliaDam ap pichicc hi pishe nGpeann opfpaDach pionopfchcnach, mac Cpiomcainn NiaDndip, po ecc hi rUfrhpaij.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpiocha a pechc. Ctn ceo bliaDam opiacach pionD, mac Daipe, mic Oluchaij, hi pijhe nGpeanri.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpioca anaoi. lap mbfic cpi bliaona hi pighe nGpeann Don
ancestor of the equally powerful and numerous aequo ille, vel hie a veritate discederet. Unde
tribe of Dal-gCais ; but he is not the ancestor vulgari diverbio testium colla Morani anulo
of the O'Driscolls, so that we must infer that cingi exoptamus." — Lynch, p. 128.
their ancestor escaped this massacre at Magh- This chain is mentioned in several commen-
Cro. taries on the Brehon Laws, among the ordeals of
r Morann Mac Maein __ The Leabhar-Gabhala the ancient Irish. Mr. Moore states, in his H in-
states that, after the inauguration of Fearadhach tory of Ireland, vol. L p. 123, that "the admi-
as monarch of Ireland, he appointed Morann, son nistration of this honest counsellor succeeded in
of Cairbre Cinnchait, as his chief brehon or judge, earning for his king the honourable title of the
That this Morann had a sin or chain called Idh Just;" and that, " under their joint sway the
Morainn, which, when put around the neck of a whole country enjoyed a lull of tranquillity as
guilty person, would squeeze him to suffocation, precious as it was rare." But the O'Clerys (ubi
and, when put about the neck of an innocent per- supra) assert "that Fearadhach proceeded to
son, would expand so as to reach the earth: extirpate the Aitheach-Tuatha, or to put them
" Moranus ille Carbri filius, judiciis ferendis under great rent and servitude, to revenge upon
a Rege adhibitus, observantissimus asquitatis them the evil deed they had committed in mur-
cultor, anulum habuit ea virtute prseditum, ut dering the nobility of Ireland." — p. 135.
cujus vis judicii sententiam pronuntiaturi, vel Flann synchronizes the Irish monarchs Cairbre
testis testiraonium prolaturi collo circumdatus > Niadhnair, Cairbre Caitcheann, and Fearadhach
arete fauces stringeret ; si latum unguem ab Finnfeachtnach, with the Koman emperors Titus
14.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
97
The Age of Christ, 14. Cairbre Caitcheann, after having been five years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died. Evil was the state of Ireland during his reign ; fruitless her corn, for there used to be but one grain on the stalk ; fruitless her rivers ; milkless her cattle ; plentiless her fruit, for there used to be but one acorn on the oak.
Son to this Cairbre was the very intelligent Morann, who was usually called Morann mac Maeinr.
The Age of Christ, 15. The first year of Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach as king over Ireland ; good was Ireland during his time. The seasons were right tranquil. The earth brought forth its fruit ; fishful its river-mouths ; milkful the kine ; heavy-headed the woods.
The Age of Christ, 36. Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach, son of Crimhthann Niadhnair, after having spent twenty-two years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died at Teamhair.
The Age of Christ, 37. The first year of Fiatach Finn, son of Daire, son of Dluthach, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 39. This Fiatach Finn* (from whom are the Dal-
and Domitian, and adds, that Domitian died in the reign of Fearadhach. Tigernach totally omits Cairbre Cinnchait, as being an usurper. Keat- ing makes Cairbre Cinnchait succeed Fiacha Finolaidh ; but he is clearly wrong, as shewn by Dr. Lynch in his translation of Keating's work, in which he writes the following remark on the misplacing of this plebeian usurper in the regal catalogue:
" Ad primum Cremthono successorem assig- nandum Ketingus ad semitam flectit ab Antiquis Historicis minime tritam : nam ille Cremthono filium ejusFeradachumFinnfachtnaum: illiCar- brium Caticipitem in serie Eegum Hibernise ponunt: et hanc sententiam, quos vidi Annales Hibernici, omnia metrica Monarcharum Hiber- niee alba, et Synchronorum Liber, Psalterio Cas- selensi, et Odugenani miscellaneis insertus, et a me in illius apographo, et in hujus autographo lectus (in quo illorum Principatum, in singulis
orbis terrarum Monarchiis, qui a Nino ad Ho- norium et Arcadium tenuerunt, series texitur, Eegibus Hibernife, qui synchroni singulis erant allextis) sua comprobatione confirmant ; ut pro- inde mirer quid Ketingo mentem immisit, ut Carbrium, suo motum ordine, non modo post memoratum Feradachum, sed etiam post duos ejus successores, in regum nomenclatura collo- caret. Liceat igitur eum, inter Hibernice Keges eo loco figere, quern illi veterum omnium His- toricorum adstipulatio adstruit." — p. 127.
5 Fiatach Finn : i. e. Fiatach the Fair. Flann synchronizes Fiatach Finn and Fiacha Finno- laidh with Trajan, the Roman emperor. Tigher- nach, who makes Fiacha Finnolaidh succeed his father, Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach, does not mention this Fiatach Finn as monarch of Ire- land. He only makes him reign king of E mania, or Ulster, for sixteen years, and this seems correct, though it may have happened that he
98 • aNwaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [40.
piacach pionn po (o ccao Dal ppiacach i nUlraib) DO pocaip la piacha
pionnpolaib.
CCoip Cpiopr, cfrpaca bliaDam. Qn ceo bliaDain DO pighe piachach
pionnpolaiD op Gpinn.
Qoip Cpiopr, caoga a pe. lap mbfic pfchc mbliaDna Decc hi pijhe nGpeann opiachaio pionnpolaiD po mapbab e lap ra coiccfochaib cpe corhaiple na nGicfchcuach i nopccam TTloighe 6olg. QciaD na coicceDhaigh lap a ccopchaip. 6lim mac Connpac pf Ula6, Sanb mac Cfic, mic TTlagach, pijTi Connacc, poipbpe mac pine pf TTluman, i GochaiD Gincfno pi Laijfn. Nf paipjoibpiom DO cloinn achcmaD aen mac boi hi mbpoinn Grne injfn pf Glban, Uuaral aoacomnaic.
Qoip Cpiopc, caocca peachr. Qn ceo bba&ain DO pighe Glim mic Conpac.
Ctoip Cpiopc, pfchcmojac a pe. lap mbfic piche bliaDam hi pije op Gpinn oGlim mac Conpach DO pochaip hi ccarh Ctichle la Uuachal Ufchc- map. Oo pao Dia Diojla hi caonaiD a mijnfom pop Girfchcuaroib ppi pfimiup Glim ipm pfje .1 Gpe Do bfiu gan loch, gan bliochc, jan mfp, 5011 lapcc,-] jan nac mopmaic aile, o po mapbpac Gichfchruanha piacha pionn- ola6 inD opgain TTloije 6olg 50 pe Uhuacail Ufchcmaip.
Ctoip Chpipr, ceo a pe. lap mbfich cpiocha blia&am hi pighe nGpeann DO Uuachal 'Cfchcmap copcaip la TTlal mac TCocpaiDe pi Ula6 hi TTloigh
was a more powerful man than the legitimate the south-east of the county of Cavan, and ex- sovereign, tending into Meath — See A. M. 3859.
* Dal-Fiatach : i e. the tribe or race of Fia- * Aichitt. — Also written Achaill. According
tach Finn. This was a warlike tribe seated in to all the copies of the Dinnsenchus, this was
the present county of Down. In the twelfth the ancient name of the hill of Skreen, near
century Mac Donlevy, who offered such brave Tara, in the county of Meath See O'Flaherty's
opposition to Sir John De Courcy, was the head Ogygia, part iii. c. 45. Flann synchronizes Elim
of this family. and his successor Tuathal with the Roman Em-
"FiachaFinnfholaid/i: i.e. Fiacha of the white peror Adrian. The Annals of Clonmacnoise
Cattle. " A'candore quo Hiberniaj boves, illo agree with the Four Masters, giving him a reign
Rege, insignabantur, cognomen illud adeptus : of twenty years.
Finn enim candorem, et olaidh bovem, signifi- » Tuathal Teachtmhar: i.e. Tuathal the Legi-
cat." — Lynch, p. 129. The Annals of Clonmac- timate. Flann synchronizes this monarch with
noise give this Fiacha a reign of only seven years, the Roman Emperor, Adrian; and Tighernach,
w Magh-bolg. — Now Moybolgue, a parish in who gives him a reign of thirty years, says that
40.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 99
Fiatach' in Uladh), after having been three years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Fiacha Finnfolaidh.
The Age of Christ, 40. The first year of the reign of Fiacha Finnfolaidh over Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 56. Fiacha Finnfolaidh", after having been seventeen years in the. sovereignty of Ireland, was killed by the provincial kings, at the instigation of the Aitheach-Tuatha, in the slaughter of Magh-bolg™. These were the provincial kings by whom he was killed : Elim, son of Conra, King of Ulster ; Sanbh, son of Ceat Mac Magach, King of Connaught ; Foirbre, son of Fin, King of Munster ; and Eochaidh Aincheann, King of Leinster. He left of children but one son only, who was in the womb of Eithne, daughter of the King of Alba [Scotland]. Tuathal was his [the son's] name.
The Age of Christ, 57. The first year of the reign of Elim, son of Conra.
The Age of Christ, 76. Elim, son of Conra, after having been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain in the battle of Aichill*, by Tuathal Teachtmhar. God took vengeance on the Aitheach-Tuatha for their evil deed, during the time that Elim was in the sovereignty, namely, Ireland was without corn, without milk, without fruit, without fish, and without every other great advantage, since the Aitheach-Tuatha had killed Fiacha Finnolaidh in the slaughter of Magh-Bolg, till the time of Tuathal Teachtmhar.
The Age of Christ, 106; Tuathal Teachtmhary, after having been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was skin by Mai, son of Rochraidhe, King
he was slain in the last year of Antoninus Pius or Attacotti, of Ireland, whom he reduced to by Mai. Now Adrian reigned from the death obedience in the various provinces ; of his for- of Trajan, A. D. 117 to A. D. 138, when he was mation of Meath as mensal lands for the mo- succeeded by Antoninus Pius, who reigned till narchy ; and of his having celebrated the Feis- 161. Therefore Tuathal's death occurred in Teamhrach, at which the princes and chieftains 1 60, which shews that the chronology of the of the kingdom assembled, who all swore by the Four Masters is antedated by many years. sun, moon, and all the elements, visible and in- The Annals of Clonmacnoise, the Leabhar- visible, that they would never contest the sove- Gdbhala of the O'Clerys, Keating's History of reignty of Ireland with him or his race ; of his Ireland, the Book of Lecan, and various other having established solemn conventions atTlacht- ancient and modern authorities, too numerous gha, Uisneach, and Tailltinn, &c. ; imposed a fine to be here particularized, contain detailed ac- on the King of Leinster called the Borumha- counts of 1 33 battles fought by him in the dif- Laighean, which, was paid by the Leinstermen ferent provinces, against the Aitheach-Tuatha, during the reigns of forty monarchs of Ireland.
o2
100
[107-
Line, hi TTlom in caca, i nOal QpaiDe an bail ap a mbpuchc Ollap -\ Ollapba an Da abumn. Ceanngubha amm an cnuic in po mapbaD pom peb oeapbup
an pann :
Ollap -| Ollapba,
Ceann guba cpiachach ruacach, nibDap anmonoa 5011 abbap, an la DO mapbab Uuarhal.
Ctjijp arhail ap pubpaD bfop,
diacal Diap ppine pfponn, plair TTliDe milib jalann, jaocra plair Ppfmann pinne hi pe cnuic 5^nt)e an 5a^anr)<
Goip Chpipr, ceo a peace. Qn ceo bliaDain DO TTIal, mac Rocpaibe, mic Cacbaba, hi pije nGpeann.
Qoip Chpipr, ceD a Deic. lap mbeic ceirpe bliaona na pij op GpinD Do ITlal, mac T?ocpai6e, DO ceap la peiDlimiD Reccmap.
There is a very curious Irish tract on the ori- ginal imposition and final remittance of this Borumha, or Cow-tribute, preserved in thexBook of Lecan, and another copy of it in a vellum manuscript in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 18, which has been prepared for publication by the Irish Archaeological Society. The yearly amount of this tribute is stated as follows, in the Annals of Clonmacnoise :
" One hundred and fifty cows ; one hundred and fifty hoggs; one hundred and fifty cover- letts, or pieces of cloth to cover beds withal ; one hundred and fifty caldrons, with two passing great caldrons consisting in breadth and deep- ness five fists, for the king's own brewing; one hundred and fifty couples of men and women in servitude, to draw water on their backs for the said brewing ; together with one hundred and fifty maids, with the king of Leinster's own daughter, in like bondage and servitude."
The most ancient authority for the battles
CAMPBELL COLLECTIO*
of Tuathal is in a poem by Maelmura Othna, beginning " Cpiac op cpiacaiB Cuaral Ceacc- riiap, i. e. Lord over lords was Tuathal Teacht- mhar," of which there are various ancient copies still preserved. The O'Clerys have inserted into their Leabhar-Gdbhdla this poem and two other ancient ones on the marriages and deaths of Tua- thal's daughters, but without giving the names of the authors.
• The two rivers, Ollar and OUarbha — The names of these rivers are now obsolete, but there can be no doubt as to their modern names. The Ollar is the Six-mile Water, and the OUarbha is the Larne Water. The Larne river rises by two heads in the parish of Bally- nure ; the Six-mile Water, in the parish of Ballycor, a little south-west of Shane's Hill : after a course of about 100 perches it becomes the boundary between the parish of Kilwaugh- ter, as well as between the baronies of Upper Glenarm and Upper Antrim. Following the
107.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
101
of Ulster, in Magh-Line, at Moin-an-chatha, in Dal-Araidhe, where the two rivers, Ollar and Ollarbha2, spring. Ceanngubha is the name of the hill on which he was killed, as this quatrain proves :
Ollar and Ollarbha,
Ceann-gubha", lordly, noble,
Are not names [given] without a cause,
The day that Tuathal was killed. And as was also said :
Tuathal, for whom the land was fair,
Chief of Meath of a thousand heroes,
Was wounded, — that chief of fair Freamhainn", —
On the side of the hill of Gleann-an-Ghabhannc.
The Age of Christ, 107. The first year of Mai, son of Rochraidhe, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 110. After Mai, son of Bochraidhe", had been four years king over Ireland, he was slain by Feidhlimidh Rechtmhar.
direction of a ravine, which runs down the face of the hill, it arrives at the townland of Head- wood, in Kilwaughter parish, near the place where the three baronies of Upper Glenarm, Upper Antrim, and Lower Belfast. In this townland there is a spot where a branch of the Six-mile Water can be turned into the Larne river; and here is a large bog, probably the Moin-an-chatha, or Battle-bog, mentioned in the text, lying between the two rivers. On the face of Ballyboley Hill, about a quarter of a mile to the west, is a place called Carndoo, and here, under the brow of the hill, is a pile con- sisting of several huge stones, ranged in an irregular circle, the space within being chiefly occupied by six upright stones, disposed in pairs, and supporting two blocks above five feet long, and from two to three feet square, laid horizontally upon them — See Reeves's Ecclesi- astical Antiquities of the Dioceses of Down, Connor, and Dromore, p. 268.
a Ceann-gubha : i. e. Head, or Hill of Grief. This is doubtlessly Ballyboley hill, and Tua- thal's monument is the pile at Carndoo above described.
b Freamhainn — A famous hill, rising over Loch Uair, or Lough Owel, near the town of Mullingar, in Westmeath.
0 Gleann-an-Ghabhann: i. e. the Valley of the Smith. This was probably the name of that part of the valley of the Six-mile Water nearest to Ballyboley hill.
d Mai, son of Rochraidhe — Tighernach does not give this Mai as monarch of Ireland, but makes Feidhlimidh Eechtmhar immediately suc- ceed his father, Tuathal, for nine years; but Mai is given as monarch by Flann, who syn- chronizes him with Antoninus Pius, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, in which he is said to have been contemporaneous with the celebrated physician Galen, who flourished from A. D. 143 to 187.
102
[111.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ceo a haon noecc. Ctn ceiD b'babain DpfiDlmnb TCeccmop, mac Uuachail Cechcrhaip, na pigh 0? Gpinn. baine injfn Scail macaip an peolimib pi. dp uaiche ammnijrep Cnoc mbdine la hOipsiallaib, ap ip ann po haonaichcpi. dp le bfop po clapab Raich TTlop ITIhaighe Cfmhna i nUllcoib.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceo anaoi oecc. lap mbfic naoi mbliabna hi pijhe nGpeann DpfiDlimib Reachcmap acbail.
Qoip Chpiopc, ceo piche. Qn ceo bliabam DO Cacaoip TTlop, mac peib- limiD Pipupglaip, hi pighe n6peann.
Qoip Chpiopc, ceo piche aba lap mblich cpi bbabna na pij op Gpinn DO Cacaoip TTlop DO ceap la Conn, 1 la Luaishnibh Ceampa, hi jjcac TTloighe hQ5ha.
Qoip Chpiopc, ceD piche a cpi. Qn ceio bliaDain Do Conn Ceocachach na pij op Gpinn. Ct noiDce jeine Cuinn poppich coicc ppiompoio 50 Ufrhpaij na po caiobpfoh piam 50 pin. Qciacc a nanmanna, Slighe Qpail, Sbghe
e Feidhlimidh Beachtmhar. — The author of the fourth Life of St. Bridget, published by Colgan, in his Trias Thaum., c. i., says that this monarch was called Eeachtmor, because he instituted great laws, " Reackt enim Scotice Legem sonet." Keating says that he was called Beachtmhar, be- cause he was the first that established Lex talionis in Ireland ; but O'Flaherty says that he changed the law of retaliation into a more lenient penalty, according to the nature of the crime, which penalty is called eruic. — Ogygia, iii. 57.
The Book of Lecan, fol. 300, b, places the commencement of this monarch's reign in the time of M. Aurelius, which agrees with Tigher- nach's Annals. Aurelius reigned from A. D. 161 to 180.
f Seal. — O'Flaherty (Ogygia, part iii. c. 56) calls him Seal Balbh, and says that he was King of Finland, the inhabitants of which, as well as those of Denmark and Norway, were called Fomorians by the Irish.
8 Cnoc-Baine : i. e. Baine's hill. This was
the. name of a hill situated in the plain of Magh- Leamhna, otherwise called Clossach, in Tyrone ; but it is now obsolete.
h Rath-mor, of Magh-Leamhna: i. e.-the Great Eath of Magh Leamhna. This was also in Clos- sach.—See A. M. 3727.
1 Luaighni of Teamhair — A people in Meath, the position of whom is determined by a passage in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, lib. ii. c. 10, which places the church of Domhnach- mor-Muighe Echenach in their territory.
k Magh h-Agha — According to the Will of Cathaeir Mor, as preserved in the Books of Lecan and Ballymote, Cathaeir was slain by the Fian or militia of Luaighne in the battle of Tailltin. Accordingto the Annals of Clonmacnoise, "King Cahier's armie was overthrown and himself slaine, and buried near the Eiver of Boyne." Dr. O'Conor does not seem to believe that Ca- thaeir Mor was monarch of Ireland. — See his edition of these Annals, p. 76, note. It is curious to remark that in about 1000 years after this period the descendants of Conn and
111.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
103
The Age of Christ, 111. The first year of the reign of Feidhlimidh Reach tmharc, son of Tuathal Teachtmhar, as king over Ireland. Baine, daughter of Scalf, was the mother of this Feidhlimidh. It was from her Cnoc-Baineg, in Oirghialla, for it was there she was interred. It was by her also Rath-mor, of Magh-Leamhnah, in Ulster, was erected.
The Age of Christ, 119. Feidhlimidh Reachtmhar, after having been nine years in the sovereignty of Ireland, died.
The Age of Christ, 120. The first year of Cathaeir Mor, son of Feidh- limidh Firurghlais, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 122. Cathaeir Mor, after having been three years king over Ireland, was slain by Conn, and the Luaighni of Teamhair', in the battle of Magh h-Aghak.
The Age of Christ, 123. The first year of Conn of the Hundred Battles as king over Ireland. The night of Conn's birth were discovered1 five principal roads [leading] to Teamhair, which were never observed till then. These are
Cathaeir contended for power as fiercely as their ancestors, namely, Roderic O'Conor, King of Connaught and Monarch 50 BppeapaBpa, i. e. cum renitentia, and Dermot Mac Murrough, King of Leinster ; for although they could not boast of more than one monarch of Ireland in either family for a period of at least 1 000 years, still did each regard himself as fit for the monarchy (the one as already crowned, the other as fit to be crowned) ; while O'Neill of Ulster, and O'Melaghlin of Meath, looked upon both as usurpers. In. the speech said, by Giraldus Cam- brensis, to have been delivered by Dermot Mac Murrough to his army, he is represented as having spoken as follows :
" Sed si Lageniam quasrit : quoniam alicui Connactensium aliquando subjecta fuit: Ea ra- tione et nos Connactiam petimus, quia nostris aliquoties cum totius Hibernise subditse fuerat monarchia." — Hibernia Expvgnata, lib. i. c. 8.
Dermot here alludes to Dermot, son of Do- nough, surnamed Maelnambo, who was his great great grandfather, and who, according to the
Annals of Clonmacnoise, was King of Ireland, of the Danes of Dublin, and of Wales, in 1069; and to Cathaeir More, from whom he was the twenty-fourth in descent, for he could boast of no other monarch of all Ireland in his family. Roderic O'Conor could reckon his own father only among the monarchs of his line up to the time of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin in the fourth century ; for though his ancestor, Brian, was the eldest son of this King Eochaidh, yet the claims of him and his race were set aside by the more warlike race of Niall of the Nine Hos- tages, the ancestor of the illustrious family of O'Neill, for nearly 1000 years.
1 Were discovered. — This looks as if it was believed that these roads sprang into existence of their own accord, as if for joy at the birth of Conn ; and they are spoken of in this sense by Lughaidh O'Clery, in his poetical controversy with Teige Mac Dary (see Ogygia, iii. c. 60) ; but the probability is that they were finished by King Feidhlimidh the Lawgiver on the birth- day of his son, Conn.
104
[157.
TTlio6lua6pa, Slfghe Cualann, Slighe TT16p, Sli5he Ddla. Slije TT16p cpa ap ipiDe epccip Riaoa .1. pabponna Gpeann a Do ecip Chonn -\ Goghan TTlop. doip Chpiopc, ceo caocca a peachc. lap mbfich cuij blia6na rpiocha hi pi^he nSpeann DO Conn CeDcarhac copcaip la ^lobpaioe Uipeach, mac TTlail, mic T?ochpai6e, pi Ulab hi cUuaich Clmpoip.
m Slighe-Asail. — This was a western road ex- tending from the hill of Tara, in the direction of Loch-Uair (Lough Owel), near Mullingar, in Westmeath. A part of this road is distinctly referred to in Leabhar-na-h Uidhri (fol. 7, b, a), as extending from Dun-na-nAirbhedh to the Cross at Tigh-Lomain.
11 Slighe-Midhluachra This is often men- tioned as a road leading into the north of Ire- land, but its exact position has not been deter- mined.
0 Slighe-Cualawh. — This extended from Tara in the direction of Dublin and Bray ; and its position was, perhaps, not very different from the present mail-coach road.
p Slighe-Mor: i. e. the great way or road- This was a western line, the position of which is determined by the Eiscir-Eiada — See note '.
' Slighe-Dala This was the great south- western road of ancient Ireland, extending from the southern side of Tara Hill in the di- rection of Ossory. The castle of Bealach-mor, in Ossory, marks its position in that territory. —See Bealach-mor Muighe-Dala, A. D. 1580.
1 The Eiscir-Eiada. — This is a continuous line of gravel hills, extending from Dublin to Cla- rinbridge, in the county of Galway. It is men- tioned in ancient Irish manuscripts as extending from Dublin to Clonard, thence to Clonmacnoise and Clonburren, and thence to Meadhraighe, a
peninsula extending into the bay of Galway
Lib. Lecan, fol. 167, a, a, and Circuit of Muir- cheartach Mac Neill, pp. 44, 45, note 128.
This division of Ireland into two nearly equal parts, between Conn of the Hundred Battles and Eoghan Mor, otherwise called Mogh Nuadhat,
is mentioned in the Annals of Tighernach, A. D. 166 ; but no particulars of the battles or cause of dispute between these rivals are given by that grave annalist. The writer of Cath Maighe-Leana, however, gives a minute account of the cause of the dispute, and of the battle, which savours much of modern times ; and the Annals of Clonmacnoise, as translated by Ma- geoghegan, contain the following notice of Conn, and of the dissension between him and the head of the race of Heber, who was king of the southern Irish, which also savours strongly of modern times.
" Conn Kedcahagh having thus slain King Ca- hire, succeeded himself, and was more 'famous than any of his ancestors for his many victories and good government. He was called Conn Kedcahagh, of" [i. e. from] " a hundred battles given" [i. e. fought] " by him in his time. He is the common ancestor, for the most part, of the north of Ireland, except the Clanna-Rowries, and the sept of Luthus, son of Ithus. He had three goodly sons, Conly, Criona, and ArtEnear ; and three daughters, Moyne" [the mother of Fearghus Duibhdeadach, King of Ulster, and monarch of Ireland], " Sawe" [Sadhbh or Sab- bina], " and Sarad" [the queen of Conaire II]. Sawe was married to" [Maicniadh, for whom she had Lughaidh Maccon, monarch of Ireland, and after his death to Oilioll Olum] " the King of Monster, by whom she had many sons, as the ancestors of the Macarties, O'Briens, O'Ker- vells, O'Mahonies, and divers others of the west" [south?] " part of Ireland, by which means they have gotten themselves that selected and choice name much used by the Irish poets at the time
157.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
105
their names : Slighe-Asailm, Slighe-Midhluachra", Slighe-Cualaim0, Slighe-Morp, Slighe-Dalaq. Slighe-Mor is [that called] Eiscir-Kiadar, i. e. the division-line of Ireland into two parts, between Gonn and Eoghan Mor.
The Age of Christ, 157. Conn of the Hundred Battles, after having been thirty-five years in the sovereignty of Ireland, was slain by Tibraite Tireach, son of Mai, son of Rochraidhe, King of Ulster, at Tuath-Amroiss.
of their commendations and praises, called Sile Sawa, which is as much in English as the Issue of Sawe. •
"Owen More, alias Moynod" [Mogh Nuadhat] " warred upon him a long time. He was King of Monster, and was so strong that he brought the king to divide with him, and allow him, as his share, from Esker-Riada" [southwards] " beginning at" [that part of] " Dublin where- upon the High-street is set " [i. e. situated], " and extending to Ath-Cleyth Mearie, in Tho- mond" [recte in Connaught]. " Owen's share was of the south, and of him took the name Lehmoye or Moye's half in deale. King Conn's share stood of the north part of the said Esker, which of him was likewise called Leagh-Conn, or Conn's halfe in deale, and they do retain these names since.
" This division of Ireland stood for one year after, until Owen More, alias Moynodd, being well aided by his brother-in-law, the King of Spaine's son, and a great army of Spaniards, picked occasion to quarrell and fall out with the King for the customs of the Shippings of Dublin, alleging that there came more shipps of King Conn's side, then" [tjian] " of his side, and that he would needs have the customs in common between them, which King Conn refused ; whereupon they were encensed migh- tily against each other, and met, with their two great armies, at the plains and Heath of Moy- lena, in the territory of Fercall, where the ar- mies of Owen More were overthrown, himself and Fregus, the King of Spaine's son, slain, and
afterwards burried in two little Hillocks, now to be seen at the said plains, which, as some say, are the tombs of the said Owen and Fregus.
" The King having thus slain and vanquished his enemies, he reigned peaceably and quietly twenty years, with great encrease and plenty of all good things among his subjects through- out the whole kingdom, so as all, in general, had no want, until the King's brothers, Eochie Finn and Fiagha Swye, seeing the King had three goodly sons, Art, Conly, and Criona, which were like to inherit the Crown after their father's death, sent privy message to Ti- prady Tyreagh, son of King Mall Mac Eochrye, who was slain by Felym Keaghtwar, the said King Conn's father ; whereupon the said Ti- bradie, with a very willing heart, came up to Taragh, accompanied with certain other male- factors, assaulted the King at unawares, and wilfully killed him, on Tuesday, the 20th of October, in Anno 172 [recte 173], in the 100th year of the King's age, as he was making great preparations towards the great Feast of Taragh, called Ffeis-Taragh, which yearly, onHollantide, and for certain days after, was held."
s Tuath-Amrois. — Not identified. It must have been the name of a district very near the hill of Tara, as King Conn was murdered while making preparations for the Feis Teamrach, ac- cording to the older authorities.
Flann synchronizes Feidhlimidh Reachtmhar, Cathaeir Mor, and Conn of the Hundred Battles, with M. Aurelius ; and says that Conn Cedcha- thach gained the battle of Maghlena in the reign
106
Rioghachca
[158.
doip Chpipc, ceo caocca a hocc. Qn ceiD bliaoam DO Conaipe, mac TTlooha Cama, hi pi^he uap 6pinn.
Ctoip Chpiopc, ceo peapcca a 01115. lap mbfich ochc mblia6na hi pighe nGpeann ooChonaipe, mac TTloba Cama, copcaip la Nfirhio mac Spuibginn. Cpi meic laip an cConaipe hipin, Coipbpe TTlupcc, 6 paicfp TTlupccpaije, Caipppe bapcain, o ccd6 baipcmj; hi cCopca baipccinn, -\ Caipppe Piaca,
0 bpuilic Odl Riaca. SapaiD injion Cuinn Ceocachaij machaip na mac pa Conaipe, mic TTIoDha Lamha.
'doip Chpipc, ceo peapcca ape. Ctn ceo b'liabam DO pighe Ctipc, mic
• t."
Cuinn CeDcachaij.
CloipCpiopr, ceo ochcmogac ape. Q haon picfc oQpr, mac Cuinn CeD- cachaij, hi pije nGpeaTin. Cach Cmo peabpac pia macaib Oiliolla Quluim,
1 piap na rpi Coipbpib (clann Conaipe, mic TTloba Lama .i.Caipbpe TTIupcc, Caipppe Riaoa -| Caipppe bapcain) pop Oaoepa Dpai, pop NerhiD mac
of Connnodus. — See Dr. O'Conor's Prolegomena, pp. xi. xii. xvii.
c Cairbre Muse. — He was the ancestor of all the tribes called Muscraighe, in Munster, as Muscraighe-Breogain, now the barony of Clan- william, in the south-west of the county of Tipperary ; Muscraighe-Mitine, now the barony of Muskerry, in the county of Cork ; and Mus- craighe-Thire, now the baronies of Upper and Lower Ormond, in the north of the county of Tipperary. — Offi/gia, iii. c. 63. Dr. O'Brien doubts, in his Irish Dictionary, voce MUSCKITH, that the existence of these Carbrys rests on any certain historical foundation; but there is as much authority from Irish history for the ex- istence of these Carbrys, as for any other fact belonging to the same period — See Ledbhar na gCeart, p. 42, note T.
u Baiscnigk — This tribe inhabited the district now comprised in the baronies of Moyarta and Clonderalaw, in the south-west of the county of Clare, where, after the establishment of sur- names, the two chief families of the race were the O'Baiscinns and O'Donnells.
w Dal-Riada The descendants of Cairbre
Rioghfhoda, i. e. of the long ulna, were the Dalriads, a tribe in the north of the present county of Antrim, long since extinct or un- known there, and the more illustrious tribe of the Dalriads of Scotland, of whom O'Flaherty, in his Ogygia (ubi supra), treats, and also Pin- kerton and other modern writers. The earliest writer who mentions the settlement of the Dal- Jtiada in Scotland is Bede, who, in his Ecd. Hist. lib. i. c. i. says : " Scoti, Duce Reuda de Hibernia egressi, amicitia vel ferro sibimet in- ter Pictos, sedes quas hactenus habent, vindi- cavernnt." In about three hundred years after the settlement of Cairbre Eiada in Scotland, the Dal-Riada of Ulster, who were of the same race, headed by the sons of Ere, son of Eo- chaidh Muinreamhar, invaded Scotland, and founded another Dal-Riada in that kingdom. The territory first acquired by the Gaeidhil or Scoti, among the Picts, received the name of Airer-Gaeidheal, i. e. the region or district of the Gaeidhil, now shortened to Argyle (and not Ard na nGaidheal, as O'Flaherty has guess-
158.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
107
The Age of Christ, 158. The first year of Conaire, son of Modh-Lamha, in sovereignty over Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 165. Conaire, son of Mogh-Lamha, after having been eight years in the sovereignty of Ireland, fell by Neimhidh, son of Sruibhgheann. This Conaire had three sons, Cairbre Muse', from whom the Muscraighe are called ; Cairbre Baschaein, from whom are the Baiscnigh", in Corca-Baiscinn ; and Cairbre Eiadal, from whom are the Dal-Riadaw. Saraid, daughter of Conn of the Hundred Battles, was the mother of these sons of Conaire, son of Modh- Lamha.
The Age of Christ, 166. The first year of the reign of Art, son of Conn of the Hundred Battles.
The Age of Christ, 186. The twenty-first year of Art, son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, in the sovereignty of Ireland. The battle of Ceannfeabhrat31 by the sons of Oilioll Olum* and the three Cairbres, i. e. Cairbre Muse, Cairbre Riada, and Cairbre Bascainn, against Dadera, the Druid ; Neimhidh, son of
ingly assumed. — Ogygia, iiL c. 63, p. 323). The settlement of the latter colony in Scotland is mentioned by an ancient writer quoted by Camden (Britania, tit. Scotia) in the following words : " Fergus filius Eric fuit primus qui de semine Chonaire suscepit regnum Albaniae a Brunalban ad mare Hibernise, et Inse gall, et inde reges de semine Fergus regnaverunt in Brunalban, sive Brunehere usque ad Alpinum tilium Eochaidh."
The settlement of the Scoti in North Britian is mentioned, in the following words, by the author of the Life of Cadroe, written about the year 1040 :
" Fluxerunt quotanni, et mare sibi proximum transfretantes Eveam Insulam, quse nunc lona dicitur, repleverunt. Nee satis, post pelagus Britannia contiguum, perlegentes, per Bosim amnem, Eossiam regionem manserunt: Rigmo- nath " [Dun Monaidh ?] " quoque Bellethor ur- bes, a se procul positas, petentes, possessuri vicerunt." — Colgan, Ada Sanctorum, p. 495.
* Ceannfeabhrat — This was the ancient name
of a part of the mountain of Sliabh Kiach to the south of Kilmallock, on the confines of the counties of Limerick and Cork — See A. D. 1579 and 1599. After the defeat of Maccon in the battle of Ceannfeabhrat, by his step-father, Oilioll Olum, he fled to Wales to solicit assist- ance, and in some time after put into the Bay of Galway, accompanied by Bene, a Briton, and a great number of foreign auxiliaries ; and seven days after his arrival (as Tighernach notes) obtained a signal victory over King Art and his forces.
* Oilioll Olum. — Dr. O'Conor translates this name Olittus Archi-Poeta, but the ancient Irish writers never understood it in that sense, for they never write the word ollarii, a chief poet, as Dr. O'Conor wishes to make it, but olum, which they explain "of the bare ear," because his ear was bit off by Aine, the daughter of a Tuatha- De-Danann, named Eogabhal, as he was ravish- ing her : " Inde factum est, ut Olillus Olumus quod perinde est ac tempora spoliata auribus, appellaretur." — Lynch. This lady, Aine, whose
P2
108
emeaNN.
[195.
Spoibcmo, 1 pop Dfipcepc nGpeann, ou hi cropcaip NemiD, mac Spoibcinn, pf Gpna TTluman, i Oaofpa Opuch Oaipme, DO ceap ona Oaofpa la hGogan, mac Oiliolla, Do ceap NemiD, mac Spoibjmn, la Caipbpe RigpoDa, mac Conaipe, a nDiojail a achap .1. Conaipe buofin. T?o gon Caipbpe TTlupc tughaib .1. TTlac Con ma colpca, gup bo bacach laporh. Ip 6 pdc an pop- anma pin map Do bi Lujaib caicnerhac DO choin Do bf ace biacab a coilen a ccij a oioeb, -| Do ibea6 ap ballan na con pempaice, gup lean TTlac
con DC.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ceo nochac acuicc. lap mbfich cpiocha bliabain In pije nGpeann Ddpr,mac CmnnCeocachaig, copcaip hi ccach TnoisheTTlucpaime la TTlac Con 50 na allmapcoib. Uopcparap beopipm each ceona mapaon pe hQpc, meic a Sfcap Sambe ingine CuinD .1. peachc maca Oiliolla Oluim, cangacnp laip i najaiD THic Con a nDfpbpacap, Goghan TTlop Oubmfpchon, TTlujcopb, LughaiD, GochaiD, Dichopb, -| UaDcc a nanmanna,-| bemne 6pioc, pi bpfcan po imip lama poppa. Uopchaip bfinDe la CujaiD Cagha a ccionaiD a bpdirpec. Liojaipne Leacanpooa, mac Qengupa t>ailb, mic Gachach pmn-
father had been killed by Oilioll, resided at and gave name to Cnoc-Aine, anglice Knockany, near Bruff, in the county of Limerick, and is now traditionally remembered as one of the Banshees of the south of Ireland.
'Mac Con: i.e. Son of the Greyhound. Keat- ing gives the same derivation : " Is in Olilli domo ut ejus provignus, ut cujus matrem Sabham Coni Centiprselii filiam Olillus uxorem habebat, pusillus pusio versatus, et nondum vestigia figere peritus ad Olilli canem venaticum, Aquilam Eubram" [Glaip Oearij] " nomine manibus repens accessit, et canis infantulum ore soepius arripuif [recte, ad ubera sorbenda accepit] " nee tamen ab assiduo ad euro accessu coerceri potuit, quse res illi nomen Maccon pe- rerit, quod perinde est ac canis venatici filius." — Lynch.
This, however, is clearly the guess derivation and elucidation of a posterior age. The word mac con would certainly denote flius canis, but it might also be figuratively used to denote
son of a hero ; and as his father's -name was mac niab, son of a hero, it might not, perhaps, be considered over presumptuous in an etymo- logist of the present day to reject the story about the greyhound bitch, and substitute a modern conjecture in its place.
This Lughaidh Maccon was the head of the Ithian race, and chief of the Munster sept called Deirgthine. He is the ancestor of the family of O'Driscoll, and from him the pedigree of Sir Florence O'Driscoll, who flourished in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, is deduced by Duald Mac Firbis in thirty generations. O'Driscoll is not accounted of the Milesian race by the Irish ge- nealogists, because he descended from Ith, the uncle of Milidh, or Milesius.
a Magh-Mucruimhe This was the name of &
plain near Athenry, in the county of Galway. O'Flaherty states (Ogygia, iii. c. 67) that the place where King Art was killed, was called Turlach-Airt in his (O'Flaherty's) time, and situated between Moyvaela and Kilcornan in
195.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
109
Sroibhcinn ; and the south of Ireland ; where fell Nehnhidh, son of Sroibhcinn, King of the Ernai of Munster ; and Dadera, the Druid of the Dairinni. Dadera was slain by Eoghain, son of Oilioll ;' Neimhidh, son of Sroibhcinn, by Cairbre Kioghf hoda, son of Conaire, in revenge of his own father, i. e. Conaire. Cairbre Muse wounded Lughaidh, i. e. Mac Con, in the thigh, so that he was [ever] afterwards lame. The cause of this cognomen was : Lughaidh was agreeable to a greyhound that was suckling her whelps in the house of his foster-father, and he was used to suckle the teat of the aforesaid greyhound, so that Mac Conz [son of the greyhound] adhered to him [as a soubriquet].
The Age of Christ, 195. After Art, the son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, had been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell in the battle of Magh-Mucruimhe", by Maccon and his foreigners. In the same battle, along with Art, fell also the sons of his sister, Sadhbh, daughter of Conn, namely, the seven sons of Oilioll Olum, who had come with him against Maccon, their brother. Eoghan Morb, Dubhmerchon, Mughcorb, Lughaidh, Eochaidh, Dio- chorb, and Tadhg, were their names ; and Beinne Brit, King of Britain, was he who laid [violent] hands upon them. Beinne was slain by Lughaidh Lagha, in revenge of his relatives. Lioghairne0 of the Long Cheeks, son of Aenghus
Aidhne — See the Map to Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many; and Hardiman's edition of O'Fla- herty's lar-Connaught, p. 43, note *.
b Eoghan MOT. — He is the ancestor of all the great families of Munster and elsewhere, called Eoghanachts by the Irish genealogists. All his brothers died without issue except Cormac Cas, the ancestor of the O'Briens of Thomond, and all the Dal g-Cais, and Cian, the ancestor of O'Carroll, O'Meagher, and other families called Cianachta, seated in various parts of Ireland.
' Lioghairne — O'Flaherty calls him Ligurnus. When Art, the son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, succeeded Conaire II. as Monarch of Ireland, he banished his uncle, Eochaidh Finn- fothart, and his sons, from Meath, because they had assassinated his brothers, Conla and Crina, and betrayed his father to the Ulstermen. Eochaidh, being married to Uchdelbha, the
granddaughter of Cathaeir Mor, proceeded into Leinster, and the king of that province bestowed upon him and his sons certain districts called by posterity Fotharta, from Eochaidh's surname. Of these the two principal were Fotharta-an- Chairn, now the barony of Forth, in the county of Wexford, and Fotharta-Fea, now the barony of Forth, in the county of Carlorw. There were also Fothart-Airbhreach, near the hill of Bri- Eile, now the hill of Croghan, in the King's County ; Fotharta Airthir Liffe, in the present county of Kildare, and others ; but his race became extinct or obscure at an early period in all the districts called Fotharta, except Fotharta- Fea, where his descendant, O'Nolan, retained considerable possessions till the seventeenth cen- tury.
Incensed at this expulsion of his family, Boghairne joined the foreign forces of.Maccon
no
eiraeanw.
[196.
puachnaipr, po imbip lama pop Qpr ipm carh fin TTloishe TTluccpoirhe, mp ccochc DO hi pochpaiDe TDic Con.
CU>ip Cpiopc, ceo nochar ape. Qn ceo bliaDam Do LujoiD, (.1. TTIac Con) mac TTlaicniaD, hi pijhe nGpeann.
Cloip Cpiopc, oa ceo piche acuij. lap mbfic cpiocha bliaDain i pighe nGpeann DO LujhaiD (.1. TTIac Con), mac TTlaicniaD, copcaip Do laim pfipcip, mic Comain Gap, lap na lonnapbaD a Ufmpaij Do Copmac ua Chuinn.
doip Cpiopr, Da cheo piche ape. PQijur Ouibbeoach, mac lomchaDha, napijopGpinn ppi pe mblia6na,co ccopchaip, hi ccacCpionna, la Copbmac ua Cuino, Do laim Lojha ^agha. Uopcpacap taip beop a Da bparhaip, pfpjap poilcleabap, -] Pepjup boc, cap bpfgaib, Da ngoipn Pfps"r Cair piaclach. Ip Doib po paioheao :
pop an aoinlicc 05 Raic cpo poipcbe na crpi ppfpjupo, acbfpc Copbmac ap gle ni chel a Dae pop Laighe.
1 pochpaiDe Copbmaic cainic UaDg macCein -| tujaiD Don chach hipin, 1 ba i cippocpaic an chacha Do paca o Chopbmac DO UhaDj; an pfponn poppa cca Ciannachca, i TTluij 6pfj, amail ap epbeipc i leabpaib oile.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da cheD piche a peachc. Ctn ceD bliaDam Do Copbmac, mac Qipc, mic Cuinn CheDchachaij, na pij op Gpintr.
against his relative Art, and had the killing of him with his own hand, at Turlach Airt, as stated in note u, supra.
d Thirty years — The Annals of Clonmacnoise give Maccon a reign of only eighteen years ; O' Flaherty shortens it to three years ; but Dr. O'Conor does not regard him as one of the monarchs of Ireland.
e He fell. — Keating states that Fercheas, a poet who resided at Cnocach, killed Maccon, at the instance of King Cormac, with a kind of lance called rincne, at Gort-an-oir, near Dear- grath, in Magh-Feimhean, while he (Maccon) was bestowing gold and silver on the literati of
Ireland. This place is still pointed out near the fort of Dearg-rath, in the parish of Derrygrath, about four miles to the north-east of Cahir, in the county of Tipperary. Cnocach, called, in the Leabhar-Gabhala, Ard-Feirchis, is now anglice Knockagh, and is situated about three miles north-east of Cahir.
f Crinna — Keating calls this place Crionna- Chinn Chumair, and says that it is situated at Brugh-mic-an-Oig, which is the name of a place on the River Boyne, near Stackallan Bridge.
8 Rathcro. — This place is near Slane, in the county of Meath.
b Ciannachta, inMagh-Breagh. — The territory
196.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
Ill
Balbh, son of Eochaidh Finn Fuathairt, was he who laid [violent] hands upon Art in this battle of Magh-Mucruimhe, after he had joined the forces of Maccon.
The Age of Christ, -196. The first year of Lughaidh, i. e. Maccon, son of Maicniadh, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 225. After Lughaidh, i. e. Maccon, son of Macniadh, had been thirty years" in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fellc by the hand of Feircis, son of Coman Eces, after he had been expelled from Teamhair [Tara] by Cormac, the grandson of Conn.
The Age of Christ, 226. Fearghus Duibhdeadach, son of Imchadh, was king over Ireland for the space of a year, when he fell in the battle of Crinnaf, by Cormac, grandson of Conn, by the hand of Lughaidh Lagha. There fell by him also, [in the rout] across Breagh, his two brothers, Fearghus the Long- haired and Fearghus the Fiery, who was called Fearghus Caisf hiaclach [of the Crooked Teeth]. Of them was said :
Upon the one stone at Kathcro* Were slain the three Fearghus's ; Cormac said this is fine, His hand did not fail Laighe.
In the army of Cormac came Tadhg, son of Cian, and Lughaidh, to that battle ; and it was as a territorial reward for the battle that Cormac gave to Tadhg the land on which are the Ciannachta, in Magh-Breagh", as is celebrated in other books.
The Age of Christ, 227. The first year of Cormac, son of Art, son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, as king over Ireland.
of this tribe extended from the River Liffey to near Drumiskin, in the county of Louth. Duleek, in the county of Meath, is mentioned as in it. Keating gives a curious story about Tadhg mac Cein, from the historical tale called Cath Crinna, but some of its details are rather legendary. It is, however, true as to the main facts ; for it is stated in the Annals of Tighernach that Tadhg obtained as a reward for defeating the Ulster- men on this occasion, the whole region extending from Glais-Neara, near Druim-Ineascluinn (now
Drumiskin, in the present county of Louth), to the Cnoca Maeildoid, at the River Lifiey. — See Ann. Tigher., p. 45 ; Keating's History of Ireland, in the reign of Fearghus Duibhdea- dach ; and O'Flaherty's Ogygia, iii. c. 68. This Tadhg is the ancestor of O'Carroll of Ely, in the south of the King's County ; of O'Meagher of Ui-Cairin, or Ikerrin, in the county of Tip- perary ; of O'Cathasaigh (O'Casey) of Saithne, in Magh Breagh ; and of O'Conor, Chief of Cianachta-Gleanna- G-eimbin, now the barony
112
Riogbachca
[234.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da cheo cpiochac a cfchaip. Q hochc DO Chopbmac. dili II Olom.mac TYlogha Nuaohac, pi ITlurtian, 065.
doip Cpiopc, oa cheo cpiochac a pe. d Dech <oo Chopbmac. Cach ^panaipo pia cCopbmac ua cCuinn pop Ulcoib an bliabainpi. Car in h6u hi rnoijh del pop deb, mac Gachoach, mic Conaill, pi Connachc. Cach i nGch, each Cinn Oaipe, cac Spucha pop Ulcoib, each Slicche Cuailnge.
doip Cpiopc, Da cheo cpiochac a pfchc. d haon Oecc Do Chopbmac. Cach dcha beuchaig. Cach Racha Duma an bliabainpi pia cCopbmac.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da cheo cpiochac a hochc. Q Do Decc Do Copbmac. Cach Chuile cocaip po cpf, -| cpi cacha hi nOubab pia cCopbmac.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da cheo cpiochac anaoi. Q cpi Decc Do Chopbmac. Cach ailamaij, 1 pfchc ccacha Glne pi cCopbmac.
doip Cpiopc, Da cheo cfchpacac. d cfchaip Decc Do Chopbmac. Cach TTloijhe Cechc, -\ loingCp Chopbmaic cap maij Ren (.1. cap an ppaipge) an bliabam pin, coniD Don chup pin po jabapcaippiom pishe ndlban.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da cheD cfcpachac a haon. Q cuig Decc Do Chopbmac. Qcciao anopo cacha Chopbmaic pop TTlumain an bliabainpi. Cach beippe, each Cocha Len, each Luimnij, each 5rene> cac^ Clapaij, each TTluipipc,
of Keenaght, in the county of Londonderry. He is also the ancestor of the families of O'Gara and O'Hara in Connaught, and of O'Hara of the Koute, in the county of Antrim.
' Granard.—Novr a small town in the county of Longford, near which is a large moat — See Ogygia, iii. 69, p. 335. See note °, under A. D. 1262. These battles, fought by Cormac, are also mentioned in the Annals of Tighernach.
k Eu, in Magh-Aei. — In the Annals of Tigher- nach the reading is Cac TTleoa, i. e. the Battle of Knockmaa, which is a hill in the barony of Clare, county Galway.
1 Eth Not identified.
m Geann-Daire : i. e. Head of the Oak Wood. Not identified.
n Sntfh — This should be Car Spucpa, i. e. the battle of Shrule, a place on the River Suithair, or Shrule, in the south-east of the county of Louth. — See Ogygia, iii. 69, p. 335.
0 Slighe- Cuailgne : i. e. the road or pass of Cuailgne, which is a mountainous district still so called, in the north of the county of Louth.
" Ath-Beatha : i. e. Ford of the Birch. This was probably the ancient name of Ballybay (6aile ara benca), in the county of Monaghan.
* Dumha : i. e. tumulus. There are countless places of this name in Ireland.
1 Cuil-tochair : i. e. Corner or Angle of the Causeway. Not identified.
s Dubhadh. — Now Dowth, on the Boyne, in the county of Meath, where there is a remark- able mound, 286 feet high, which is one of the monuments of the Tuatha-De-Dananns. In the Annals of Tighernach the reading is, i nt)uiBpi6.
' Allamagh. — Probably intended for Eala- mhagh, i. e. the plain of the Eiver Allo, in the county of Cork.
u Elve — Now Sliabh Eilbhe, anglice Slieve- Ilva, a mountain in the parish of Killonaghan,
234.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 113
The Age of Christ, 234. The eighth year of Cormac. Oilioll Olum, son of Mogh Nuadhat, King of Munster, died.
The Age of Christ, 236. The tenth year of Cormac. The battle of Gra- nard' by Cormac, the grandson of Conn, against the Ulstermen this year. A battle at Eu, in Magh-Aeik, against Aedh, son of Eochaidh, son of Conall, King of Connaught. A battle at Eth1 ; the battle of Ceann-Daire1"; the battle of Sruth" against the Ulstermen ; the battle of Slighe-Cuailgne0.
The Age of Christ, 237. The eleventh year of Cormac. The battle of Ath-Beathap; the battle of Dumhaq this year by Cormac.
The Age of Christ, 238. The twelfth year of Cormac. A battle at Cuil- tochairr thrice, and three battles at Dubhadh8 by Cormac.
The Age of Christ, 239. The thirteenth year of Cormac. The battle of Allamagh', and the seven battles of Elve", by Cormac.
The Age of Christ, 240. The fourteenth year of Cormac. The battle of Magh-Techt", and the fleet of Cormac [sailed] across Magh-Rein1 (i. e. across the sea), this year, so that it was on that occasion he obtained the sovereignty of Alba [Scotland].
The Age of Christ, 241. The fifteenth year of Cormac. These are the battles of Cormac [fought] against Munster this year : the battle of Berrey; the battle of Loch Lein1; the battle of Luimneach"; the battle of Grianb; the battle of Classach0; the battle of Muiresc"; the battle of Fearta", in which fell Eochaidh
barony of Burren, and county of Clare. y Berre.— See A. M. 3575, 3579, 3656, supra.
w Magh-Techt. — See A. M. 3529, 3656. * Loch Lein See A. M. 3579, supra.
* Magk-Rein: i. e. the Plain of the Sea. l?ian, * Luimneach. — Now Limerick. This was ori-
gen. pem, is an old word for sea, and is glossed ginally the name of the Lower Shannon. — See
"muip" by O'Clery. This passage is taken Ada Sanctorum, by the Bolandists, 3rd May,
from the Annals of Tighernach. O'Flaherty p. 380, and Life of St. Senanus by Colgan.
understands this passage as follows : " Magnam b Grian. — There are several places of this name
classem trans mare in septentrionalem Britan- in Ireland, but the place here alluded to is pro-
niam misit, qua triennii spacio eas oras infes- bably the hill of Cnoc-Greine, i. e. the Hill of
tante imperium in Albania exegit." But the Grian, over the village of Pallasgrean, in the
word lomjeap, in ancient Irish, means expul- barony of Coonagh, and county of Limerick.
sion or banishment (lomjjeap .1. lonj^ap .1. ion- " Classach Not identified. There are many
nctpbab — G'Clery), and the passage might be places of the name in Ireland,
translated thus: "The expulsion of Cormac d Muiresc. — See A. M. 3501, 3790.
across the sea this year, and it was on this occa- e Fearta Not identified. There are several
sion that he obtained the sovereignty of Alba." places so called.
114
eiReawi.
[248.
each pfpca hi copchoip Gochaib Uaobpooa, mac Oiliolla Oluim, car Sariina hi copcaip Cian, mac Qileallo Oluim.i cac QpDa caim.
Opsain na hmgCnpaije, ipin Claoinpfpca hi cUfmpaij, la Ounlang, mac enna Niab, pf Laigfn. Cpiocha pijingfn a Ifon, ~\ ceo ingfn la gach mnjin Diob. Oa pfj Decc DO Laijmb pop bf Copbmac ap jalaib aoinpip, i noiojail na hoipjne hipin, amailli pe popnaibm na bopama co na copmach lap cUuachal.
Cfoip Cpiopc, Da cheD i cfcpachac a hochc. Q Do pichfc Do Chopbmac. Cach hi pochaipD TTluipcemne pia cCopbmac an bliabampi.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da ceo pfpcca a Do. Q pe cpiocha Do Chopbmac. Cach Cpionna ppejabail pia cCopbmac pop Ullcoib, ou hi ccopcaip Qongup Pionn, mac pfpjupa OuibDeaDaij, pf UlaD, 50 nap UlaD imme.
Ctoip Cpiopc, Da cheo peapca a 01115. Q naoi cpiocha Do Chopbmac. ^uin Ceallaij, mic Chopbmaic.i T?fchcaipe Chopbmaic, -| puil Chopbmaic buDfin DO bpipfoh oaen popccom la hQenjup ^a'ouaibceach, mac piachach Suijoe, mic pfiblimib 17eachnaba. Ro bpip lapam Copbmac peace ccaca popp na Oeipib a ccionaiD an jnioma pin, 50 pop capainn 6 a ccfp, conup pilio hi TTlumain.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da ceo peapcc a pe. Cfcpacha bliabain DO Copbmac, mac Qipc, mic Cuino, hi pige nGpeann 50 bpuaip bap i cClecec mp lenmain cnaim
f Samhain. — Now Cnoc-Samhna, near Bru- ree, in the county of Limerick — See A. M. 4169, supra.
8 Ard-cam: i. e. Crooked Height or Hill. Not identified.
" Claenfearta This was a place at Tara, on
the western slope of the hill — See Petrie's An- tiquities of Tara Hill, p. 128, and map, plate 1. O'Flaherty understands this passage as follows, in his Ogygia, iii. c. 69.
" Dunlongius Ennii Niadh filius Cathirii Re- gis Hiberniae abnepos rex Lagenia; Temorense apud Cloenfertam gynoeceum immani feritate adortus, triginta regias puellas cum trecentis ancillis famulantibus ad unum internecione de- levit. Quocirca Cormacus rex duodecim La- genise dynastas parthenicidii conacios morte
plexit, et Boariam Tuathalii regis mulctam La- geniis cum accessione imperavit."
' Borumha. — See an account of this impost under the reign of Tuathal Teachtmhar, supra, A. D. 106.
k Pochard Muirtheimhne Now Faughard, in
the county of Louth, about two miles to the north of Dundalk — See A. D. 1595, 1596.
1 Crionna-Fregabhail. — Dr. O'Conor renders this Crinna partum, taking ppejaBail to be a verb, from jaBail; but it was certainly the an- cient name of a place on the Eiver Fregabhail, now the Ravel Water, in the county Antrim. — See A. M. 3510, supra. Tighernach places this battle in the year 251.
m Aenghus Gaibhuaib/itheach: i.e. Aenghus of the terrible Spear.
248.] ' ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 115
Taebhfada [of the Long Side], son of Oilioll Olum ; the battle of Samhainf, in which fell Cian, son of Oilioll Olum ; and the battle of Ard-camK.
The massacre of the girls at Cleanfearta", at Teamhair, by Dunlang, son of Enna Niadh, King of Leinster. Thirty royal girls was the number, and a hundred maids with each of them. Twelve princes of the Leinstermen did Cormac put to death together, in revenge of that massacre, together with the exaction of the Borumha' with an increase after Tuathal.
The Age of Christ, 248. The twenty-second year of Cormac. A battle at Fochard Muirtheimhne" by Cormac this year. The battle of Crionna-Frega- bhail1 [was fought] by Cormac against the Ulstermen, where fell Aenghus Finn, son of Fearghus Duibhdeadach [i.e. the Black-toothed], King of Ulster, with the slaughter of the Ulstermen about him.
The Age of Christ, 265. The thirty-ninth year of Cormac. Ceallach, son of Cormac, and Cormac's lawgiver, were mortally wounded, and the eye of Cormac himself was destroyed with one thrust [of a lance] by Aenghus Gaibh- uaibhtheachm, son of Fiacha Suighdhe, son of Feidhlimidh the Lawgiver. Cormac afterwards [fought and] gained seven battles over the Deisi, in revenge of that deed, and he expelled them from their territory, so that they are [now] in Munster11.
The Age of Christ, 266. Forty years was Cormac, son of Art, son of Conn, in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he died at Cleiteach0, the bone of a
n In Munster. — The Deisi, who were the de- to which territory they gave the name of that scendants of Fiacha Suighdhe, the brother of which they had in Meath. Aenghus Mac Nad- Conn of the Hundred Battles, were first seated fraeich, King of Munster, afterwards gave them in the territory of Deisi-Teamhrach, now the the plain of Magh-Feimheann, now the barony barony of Deece, in the county of Meath, and of Iffa and Ofia, East, which they retained till when they were driven from thence by King the period of the English Invasion. For the Cormac, they proceeded into Leinster, where names of the 'families into which this tribe they remained for one year, and afterwards re- branched after the establishment of surnames, moved into Ossory, but effected no permanent see note *, under A. D. 1205. settlement anywhere until they went to Mnn- ° Cleiteach. — The situation of this house is ster, where Oilioll Olum, king of that province, described in the historical tale entitled Oighidh who was married to Sadhbh (Sabina), daughter Mhuircheartaigh Mhoir mhic Earca, as fol- of Conn of the Hundred Battles, gave them a lows :
territory comprised in the present county of " 6a mairpuloiujubm ciji r1" cpa, op up na
Waterford, and extending from the River Suir 66mne bpaoanuiji bicaille, -\ op up an 6hpoja
to the sea, and from Lismore to Credan Head, bapp-uame."
Q2
116
[266.
bpaocnn ma bpajair, cpep an piabpab poimip mailjenn Opai paip.iap niom- po6 DO Copbmac ap na opaoinb po bian abapca Oe Do caippib. Conab aipe pin po aimpij oiabal eipium cpe pupailearh na nopuab 50 ccuc bap Dochpaib Do. C( pe Copbmac Do rpachc cegupcc na pijh DO comoa mob, bep.n pollamnaijce na pi£e. UgDap oipbepc eipibe i nolijrib, hi ccoimjmb, 1 hi pfncup, ap ape po pfol pfchc, piajail, i DipgiaraD gacha haoi, -] cfcha cainsne lap ccoip, conab he an DlijeaD po pmachc pop chdch baoi pop conj- bail leo gup an aimpip ppeacnaipc.
a pe an Copbmac po, mac Qipc, beop po nonoil cpomicibe Gpeann co haon maijin 50 Ufmpaij, gup po popcongaip poppo cpoinic Gpeann Do pcpfobaD in nen liubap Dap bo hainm ppalcaip Uempach. ba hipin Imbap pin bacap coimjneaDa -\ comaimpepa piojpaibe Gpeann ppi pfojaib -| impi- peaDa an Domain, •] pioj na ccoicceaD ppf pfojaib 6peann. Qp ann Dna po pcpiobaD ina nolijpeaD pi Gpeann Do na coicce&achaib •] ciop -| olijfo na ccoicceaD o a pomdmaighcib o ra uapal cohfpeal. 6a han rpa baoi cpioch 1 copann Gpeann op ino op, o chd cuicceab co cuair, 6 cuaic co baile, -\
" Good, indeed, was the situation of that house (sc. of Cleiteach) over the margin of the saimonful, ever-beautiful Boyne, and over the verge of the green-topped Brugh."
It was situated near Stackallan Bridge, on the south side of the Boyne.
p Teagusc-na-Righ " Cormack wasabsolutely
the best king that ever reigned in Ireland before himself. He wrote a book entitled Princely Institutions, which, in Irish, is called Teasgasg Ei, which book contains as goodly precepts and moral documents as Cato or Aristotle did ever write." — Ann. Clon.
Copies of this work, ascribed to King Cormac, are preserved in the Book of Leinster (in Lib. T. C. D., H. 2. 18), and in the Book of Bally- mote ; and translated extracts from it are given in the Dublin Penny Journal, vol. i. pp. 213, 214, 215, and 231, 232.
q Laws. — For an account of the laws insti- tuted by King Cormac, see the Stowe Catalogue, and Petrie's History and Antiquities of Tara Hill,
pp. 16-20.
' Psalter of Teamhair. — This Psalter is re- ferred to in a poem by Cuan O'Lochain, who flourished in the eleventh century, but no frag- ment of it has been identified as now remaining. A copy, indeed, of the Book of Ballymote, with some additions made by Teige O'Naghten, now preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 1. 15, bears the title of Salcaip na Ceampac; but this name was given it by O'Naghten himself, for no reason except that it contains articles relating to Irish laws, genea- logy, history, topography, &c. .«.•'.'
O'Flaherty quotes a poem beginning Ceum- mp na jnogh pach Copmaic, i. e. Teamhair of the Kings, fort of Cormac, which, among other things, he says, describes three schools insti- tuted by King Cormac at Tara, namely, one for teaching military dicipline, another for history, and the third for jurisprudence. This was preserved in O'Duvegan's Book of Hy-Many, fol. 1 75 ; but no copy of it has been discovered
266.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
117
salmon sticking in his throat, on account of the siabhradh [genii] which Mael- genn, the Druid, incited at him, after Cormac had turned against the Druids, on account of his adoration of God in preference to them. Wherefore a devil attacked him, at the instigation of the Druids, and gave him a painful death. It was Cormac who composed Teagusc-na-Righp, to preserve manners, morals, and government in the kingdom. He was a famous author in lawsq, synchro- nisms, and history, for it was he that established law, rule, and direction for each science, and for each covenant according to propriety ; and it is his laws that governed all that adhered to them to the present time.
It was this Cormac, son of Art, also, that collected the Chroniclers of Ire- land to Teamhair, and ordered them to write the chronicles of Ireland in one book, which was named the Psalter of TeamhairV In that book were [entered] the coeval exploits and synchronisms of the kings of Ireland with the kings and emperors of the world, and of the kings of the provinces with the mo- narchs of Ireland. In it was also written what the monarchs of Ireland were entitled to [receive] from the provincial kings, and the rents and dues of the provincial kings from their subjects, from the noble to the subaltern. In it also were [described] the boundaries and meares of Ireland, from shore to shore, from the province to the cantred, from the cantred to the townland, and
in Dublin, Oxford, or the British Museum.
It looks very strange that neither the Four Masters nor Tighernach make any special men- tion of Cormac's expedition into Munster, against Fiacha Muilleathan, king of that province, of which expedition the historical tale called For- bais-Droma-Damhghaire (i. e. the encampment of Druim-Damhghaire, now Knocklong, in the county of Limerick), preserved in the Book of Lismore, fol. 169; and Keating, in his History of Ireland; and the Book of Lecan, fol. 133, a, give such minute particulars. On this occasion the Druid, Mogh Ruith, the ancestor of the O'Dugans of Fermoy, displayed wondrous ma- gical powers in supplying the Munster forces with water, and a spring well which he caused to issue from the earth by discharging a magical javelin is still pointed out. The inhabitants of
this neighbourhood also believe that he caused the sun to stand still for a whole hour, to enable the forces of Leath-Chuinn to dislodge Cormac from his entrenchment at Knocklong. Cormac was completely routed and pursued into Ossory, where he was obliged to deliver up pledges or hostages to Fiacha, as security for making re- paration for the injuries done to Munster by this expedition.
" Turn Fiachus valido impetu Cormaci exer- citum aggressus, eum fudit et fugavit. Imo adeo acriter fugientium tergis ad Ossiriam us([ue institit, ut Cormacum adegerit pacisci obsides se Teamoria missurum ad Fiachum tamdiu apud eum mansuros, donee illatum Momonias damnum cumulate resarciret." — Lynch.
The truth is that the annalists of Leath- Chuinn pass over the affairs of Munster very
118
[267-
o baile 50 cpaijib DO chip [oipoepc na neichipi i Leabap na h-Ui6pi. Gp pollup lace i Leabap Oinnpenchupa].
Goip Cpiopc, oa ceo peapcca a peachc. 6n bbabain oGochaiD ^onoac hi pije nGpeann 50 ccopchaip la Cujjaio TTlfiiD, mac Qongupa, oUllcoib.
Ctoip Cpiopc, Da ceo peapcca a hochc. Ctn ceo bbabain DO Caipppe Lippechaip, mac Copmaic, mic Gipc, hi pije nGpeann.
Ctoip Cpiopc, Da ceo pfchcmojac a haon. Q cfcaip Do Caipbpe. Upi caca pia cCoipppe pop piopu TTluman 05 copnam cipc Laijfn.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da ceo peaccmojac a Do. Ct cuicc DO Coipppe. Ceicpe caca la Coipbpe pop piojia TTluman 05 copnam cipc taijfn.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da ceo peaccmojac a pe. Q naoi DO Coipppe i pighe nGpeann. Oengup 5aibuaibceach DO mapbao an bliaoainpi la cloinnCaipbpe Lippechaip .1. piacha Spaibcme ~\ GochaiD Ooirhlen.
Ctoip Cpiopc, Da ceo ochcmojac a cpf. Q pe Decc DO Caipbpe. pionn Ua baipccne DO cuicim la hQichlfch iinac Ouibopfnn, -] la macoib UipgpfnD, DO Luaijnib Uempac, occ Qch bpea pop 66inn, oia noebpao.
slightly, and seem unwilling to acknowledge any triumph of their's over the race of Conn of the Hundred Battles; and this feeling was mu- tual on the part of the race of Oilioll Olum.
s Traighidh of land. — O'Flaherty translates this passage as follows :
" Ex hac Schola prodiit liber, quod Psalterium Tomorense dicimus, in quo congestis in unum patrise archivis, supremorum, et provincialium regum series, ac tempora cum exteris Synchronis principibus collata, tributa quoque, et vectigalia provincialium monarchis debita, nee non metse, ac limites cuj usque regionis a provincia ad ter- ritoria, a territorio ad pagos, a pago ad pagi particulas" [cpaijib bo cip] "continebantur." — Ogygia, iii. c. 69-
1 Leabhar na-h Uidkri. — The passage inserted in the text in brackets is not in either of the Dublin copies, but it has been added from Dr. O'Conor's edition, p. 87. A considerable frag- ment of Leabhar na-h- Uidhri is now preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy.
' u Leabhar Dinnsenchusa — Of this work, which gives derivations of the names of remarkable hills, forts, and plains in Ireland, there are copies in the Books of Lecan and Ballymote, and in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 15, and H. 3. 3.
'"Eochaidh Gonnat. — He is enumerated among the monarchs of Ireland in the Annals of Clon- macnoise, and by all the modern writers. Tigher- nach, however, does not mention him, but makes Cairbre Liffechair succeed his father.
x Cairbre Liffeachair. — Keating says that he was so called because he was fostered near the Eiver Liffey.
i Eochaidh Doimhlen — He is the ancestor of all the Oirghialla, in Ulster, and of the O'Kellys of Connaught and their correlative families.
1 Finn, grandson of Baisgne. — This passage is also given by Tighernach. The Finn here men- tioned is the celebrated champion called Fingal by Mac Pherson, and Finn Mac Cumhail by the Irish, of whom Mr. Moore has the following
267-]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
119
from the townland to the traighidh of land8. [These things are celebrated in Leabhar na-n-Uidhri'. They are evident in the Leabhar Dinnsenchusa".]
The Age of Christ, 267. Eochaidh Gonnat" in the sovereignty of Ireland, when he fell by Lughaidh Meann, son of Aenghus, [one] of the Ulstermen.
The Age of Christ, 268. The first year of Cairbre Liffeachair", son of Cormac, son of Art, in the sovereignty of Ireland. •
The Age of Christ, 271. The fourth year of Cairbre. Three battles [were fought] by Cairbre against the men of Munster, in defence of the rights of Leinster.
The Age of Christ, 272. Four battles by Cairbre against the men of Munster, in defence of the rights of Leinster.
The Age of Christ, 276. The ninth year of Cairbre in the sovereignty of Ireknd. Aenghus Gaibuaibhtheach was killed this year by the sons of Cairbre Liffechair, namely, Fiacha Sraibhtine and Eochaidh Doimhlen*.
The Age of Christ, 283. The sixteenth year of Cairbre. Finn, grandson of Baisgne2, fell by Aichleach, son of Duibhdreann, and the sons of Uirgreann of the Luaighni Teamhrach, at Ath-Brea, upon the Boinn [Boyne], of which was said :
remarks in his History of Ireland, vol. i. p. 133: " It has been the fate of this popular Irish hero, after a long course of traditional renown in his country, where his name still lives, not only in legends and songs, but in the yet more indelible record of scenery connected with his memory, to have been all at once transferred by adoption to another country" [Scotland], " and start, under a new but false shape, in a fresh career of fame."
This celebrated warrior, who had two grand residences in Leinster, one at Almhuin, now the hill of Allen, in the county of Kildare, and the other at Magh-Elle, now Moyelly, in the King's County, was the son-in-law of King Cormac, and general of his standing army, which, as Pinker- ton remarks, seems to have been in imitation of the Roman legions. The words of this critical writer are worth quoting here :
" He seems," says he, " to have been a man
of great talents for the age, and of celebrity in arms. His formation of a regular standing army, trained to war, in which all the Irish accounts agree, seems to have been a rude imi- tation of the Roman legions in Britain. The idea, though simple enough, shews prudence, for such a force alone could have coped with the Romans had they invaded Ireland. But this machine, which surprised a rude age, and seems the basis of all Finn's fame, like some other great schemes, only lived in its author, and expired soon after him." — Inquiry into the History of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 77.
The bands of kernes and galloglaghs or gal- lowglasses, supported by the Irish chieftains of later ages, may have been imitations of these more primitive Fians, who are still so vividly remembered in the traditions of the people, while the kernes and gallowglasses are nearly forgotten.
120
[284.
l?o bich PI no, ba Do jaib, 50 noiach jinn,
DO all Qichleach mac DuibDpeno a cfnn Do mac TTlochcamuin.
TThnbaD Cailci copccaip, DO bu buaiD ap cech pfpjliaiD, 17o baoh copccpach lap in cpiap ilach im chfnn inD pig niaoh.
Ctoip Cpiopc, Da ceo ochcmojac a cfcaip. lap mbfic peace mbliaDna Decc hi pfje nSpeann Do Caipbpe Lippechaip DO cfp i ccac ^abpa Qicle, Do laim Semeoin, nnc Cipb, Do pocopcaib, lap cabaipc na pene opiopcopb, mac Copmaic Caip, laip mo ogham an pi'gh DO copnam Leire TTloja ppip.
Ctoip Cpiopc, Da ceD ochcmojac a cuicc. 6n bliaDmn Don Da pochaD op Gpmn, 50 ccopcaip pocab Cappcec la ponhab nQipsceach. Oo ceap ID Qipccceach lap pin hi ccac Ollapba hi Line la Caoilce.
a curious poem, ascribed to Oisin, on the sub- ject of this battle, preserved in the Book of Leinster, fol. 25, b, in which it is stated that Osgar, the son of Oisin, slew King Cairbre, with a thrust of a lance. This is partly true, but Osgar himself was also slain in the combat ; and, according to other accounts, Semeon, one of the Fotharta of Leinster, was the person who de- spatched Cairbre. ;K ,<
c Moghcorb, son of Cormac Gas. — This prince was the principal opponent of the monarch, and not the Clanna-Baisgne, or Irish militia, as stated by modern popular writers. Since Eoghan Taidhleach, or Mogh Nuadhat, the grandfather of Cormac Cas, had been murdered in his tent by Goll, the son of Morna, at the battle of Magh- Leana, the kings of Munster cherished the most rancorous hatred against the Clanna-Morna, who were a military tribe of the Firbolgs of Con- naught; and in order to be revenged of them they formed an alliance with the Clanna-Baisgne, another military tribe of the Scotic or Milesian race, the most distinguished chief of whom was
a Wifh darts. — The following words are inter- lined in the text: ".l. Do nagaib lapccaich po jjonao e ;" i. e. " by the fishing gaffs he was wounded." It is stated in the Dublin copy of the Annals of Innisfallen that Finn Mao Cum- hail, the celebrated general of the Irish militia, fell by the hands of Athlach, son of Duibhdrenn, a treacherous fisherman, who [fired with the love of everlasting notoriety] slew him with his gaff at Rath-Breagha, near the Boyne, whither he had retired in his old age to pass the remainder of his life in tranquillity. That Athlach was soon after beheaded by Caeilte Mac Eonain, the relative and faithful follower of Finn.
h Galhra-Aichle : i. e. Gabhra of Aichill, so called from its contiguity to Aichill, now the hill of Skreen, near Tara, in the county of Meath. Gabhra, anglice Gowra, is now the name of a stream which rises in a bog in the townland of Prantstown, in the parish of Skreen, receives a tribute from the well of Neamhnach on Tara Hill, joins the River Skene atDowthstown, and unites with the Boyne at Ardsallagh. There is
284.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
121
Finn was killed, it was with darts", With a lamentable wound ; Aichleach, son of Duibhdreann, cut off The head of the son of Mochtamuin.
Were it not that Caeilti took revenge,
It would have been a victory after all his true battles ;
The three were cut off by him,
Exulting over the head of the royal champion.
The Age of Christ, 284. After Cairbre Liffeachair had been seventeen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell in the battle of Gabhra-Aichleb, by the hand of Semeon, son of Cearb, [one] of the Fotharta ; Fearcorb, the son of Cormac Casc, having brought the Fiana with him, against the king, to defend Leath-Mhogha against him.
The Age of Christ, 285. Fothadh was one year over Ireland, when Fo- thadh Cairptheach was slain by Fothadh Airgtheach. Fothadh Airgtheach was afterwards slain in the battle of Ollarba, in Magh-Line", by Caeilte6.
Finn Mac Cumhail. Cormac Cas, King of Mun- ster, married Samhair, the daughter of this war- rior, and had by her three sons : Tine and Connla, of whose issue no account is preserved, and Mogh- corb, the ancestor of the celebrated Brian Bo- rumha, who inherited all the valour and heroism of Finn, his ancestor. After the death of Finn, Cairbre disbanded and outlawed the forces of the Clanna-Baisgne, and retained in his service the Clanna-Morna only. The Clanna-Baisgne then repaired to Munster, to their relative Moghcorb, who retained them in his service contrary to the orders of the monarch. This led to the bloody battle of Gabhra, in which the two rival military tribes slaughtered each other almost to extermi- nation. In this battle Osgar, the son of Oisin, met the monarch in single combat, but he fell ; and Cuirbre, retiring from the combat, was met by his own relative, Semeon, one of the Fotharta (who had been expelled into Leinster), who fell upon him severely wounded after the dreadful
combat with Osgar, and despatched him at ablow.
d Ottarbha, in Hugh-Line. — Now the Eiver Larne, in the county of Antrim — See note under A. D. 106, supra. For a very curious account of the identification of the tomb of Fothadh Airgtheach, near this river, see Pe- trie's Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of the Hound Towers of Ireland, pp. 105, 106. Tigher- nach does not mention either of these Fothadhs as monarchs of Ireland, evidently because he regarded them as usurpers, but makes Fiacha Roibtine [Sraibhtine] succeed Cairbre Liffea- chair, at Tara. They are, however, mentioned as joint monarchs in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, but it is added that " these Fothies were none of the Blood Eoyall." They were the sons of Maccon, who defeated Art, the son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, at Magh-Mucruimhe, and from their brother, Aenghus Gaifuileach, or Aenghus of the Bloody Dart, O'Driscoll is descended.
e Caeilte : i. e. Caeilte mac Ronain, the fos-
122
aNNQ6a
[286.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da ceD ochemojac ape. Qn ceo bliabam DO pije piachaiD Spaibeme op Gpinn.
Qoip Cpiopc, Da ceo nochac a haon. Qn peipeab bliaDam opmchaib ippije. Cach OuiblinDe pia ppiachaib pop Laijnib. Upi caeha hi Sleb Coaoh, each Smenpe, -| caeCiapmaije pia ppiachai6 Spaibcine beop.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpf ceo piche a Do. lap mbfich peace mbliabna ap cpio- chac na pigh op Gpinn opiachaib Spaibcine DO ceap lap na Collaib hi ccaeh Oubcomaip hi cCpich Roip i mbpeajaib.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpf ceo piche a cpf. Qn ceo Bliabain Do Colla Uaip mac Gaehach Ooiriilen na pigh op Gpinn.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpf ceD piche ape. Qn cfcpamaD bliaoain Do Colla Uaip hi pije' nGpeann 50 pop lonapb TTluipfDach Uipeach eipiom co na bpaicpibh i nQlbain 50 ccpfb ceoaib mapaon piu.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpf ceD piche a peachc. Qn ceo bliabam Do TTIuipeDach Cipec hi pijhe nGpeann. Q bpoipcfnD na bliaDna po cangacap na cpi Colla johGpinn,-] nf po maip Dia pochpaiDe ache cpf naonbaip nama. Do oeocha- cap Din 50 TTluipeaDhach lap na cceajapcc Do Dpaioh. T?o baigpfc ppip, 1 po paiDpeac opoichbpiafpa copup mapbab, "] copbaD paip cuaippeab inD pionjal. Onac ecaipfc caipipfc oca, i pobcap gopa Do.
ter-son and favourite of the celebrated Irish general, Finn Mac Cumhail.
f Fiacha-Sraibfttine Keating says he was
called Sraibhtine from his having been fostered at Dun-Sraibhtine, in Connaught; but others assert that he received this cognomen from the showers of fire, i. e. the thunder-storms, which occurred during his reign.
8 Duibhlinn : i. e. the black pool. This was the name of that part of the River Liffey on which the city of Duibhlinn or Dublin stands.
h Slidbh Toadh, — There is a mountain of this name near the village of Ardara, in the barony of Banagh, and county of Donegal — See it again referred to at A. D. 610.
• Smear : i. e. a place abounding in black- berries or blackberry briars. There are several places of the name in Ireland.
k Ciarmhagh: i. e. the Brown Plain. Not iden- tified.
1 Dubhchomar : i. e. the Conflux of the River Dubh. Tighernach says that this battle was named from Dubh-Chomar, the king's druid, who was therein slain ; but this looks legendary, as the name signifies " black confluence." Keat- ing says it is near Tailten, to the south, and it is quite evident that it was the ancient name of the confluence of the Blackwater and the Boyne. The territory of Crioch Rois embraced a portion of the barony of Farney, in the county of Mo- naghan, and some of the adjoining districts of the counties of Meath and Louth.
m Colla Uais: i. e. Colla the Noble. All the authorities agree in giving him a reign of four years, but Dr. O' Conor shews that his expulsion should be placed in the year 329.
286.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
123
The Age of Christ, 286. The first year of the reign of Fiacha Sraibhtinef over Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 291. The sixth year of Fiacha in the sovereignty. The battle of Duibhlinn5 [was fought] by Fiacha against the Leinstermen ; three battles at Sliabh Toadh" ; the battle of Smear1 ; and also the battle of Ciarmhagh*, by Fiacha Sraibhtine.
The Age of Christ, 322. Fiacha Sraibhtine, after having been thirty-seven years as king over Ireland, was slain by the Collas, in the battle of Dubhcho- mar1, in Crioch-Rois, in Breagh.
The Age of Christ, 323. The first year of Colla Uais, son of Eochaidh Doimhlen, as king over Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 326. The fourth year of Colla Uaism, in the sovereignty of Ireland, when Muireadhach Tireach expelled him and his brothers into Alba [Scotland] with three hundred along with them.
The Age of Christ, 327. The first year of Muireadhach Tireach in the sovereignty of Ireland. At the end of this year the three Collas came to Ire- land ; and there lived not of their forces but thrice nine persons only. They then went to Muireadhach, having been instructed by a druid. [And] they scolded at him, and expressed evil words, that he might kill them", and that it might be on him [the curse of] the finghal should alight. As he did not oppose them, they tarried with him, and were faithful to him0.
n Might kill them — The word pionjal signifies the murder of a relative or clansman, and was considered to be so great a crime among the an- cient Irish, that a curse was believed to alight on the murderer and his race. A druid had informed the Collas that if they could exaspe- rate the king so as that he would kill them, or any of them, the sovereignty would be wrested from him and his line, and transferred to their descendants. The king, perceiving that this was their wish, bore patiently with all their taunt- ing words. Keating says that when the Collas came into the presence of the king at Tara, he asked them what news, and that they replied, " We have no news more mournful than that thy
R
father was killed by us." " That is news which we have already known," said the king, " but it is of no consequence to you now, for no revenge shall follow you, except that the misfortune, which has already attended you will follow you." " This is the reply of a coward," said the Collas. " Be not sorry for it," replied the king, " Ye are welcome."
0 Faithful to him — The language of this pas- sage is very ancient, and seems to have been copied from Tighernach. According to Keating and the Leabhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys, the Collas then entered into a, treaty of friendship with the king, and were his generals, till about the year 332, when they destroyed the Ulster
124
[331.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpi ceo cpiocha a haon. Qn cuicceab bliabam Do TTluipeab- ach. Cac Qchaib Ifichofipcc hi pfpnmoij lap na cpib CollaiB pop Ullcuib, DU i ccopcaip pfpsup Poja, mac Ppaechaip poprpiuin, nujplair Ula6 i nGamam in Pfpgup ^Tm- Ro ^°ircKc 'a]10™ Garhain, -\ nip aiccpeabpac UlaiD innce open. Callpac pop Ulcoib beop Don cuicceab 6 Ri^he -| Loch nGachach pmp. Oo cfp Colla TTleann ipm cac pin.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpi ceo caocca a pe. lap mbfich cpiocha bliabain hi pighe nGpeann DO TTltnpeaDhach d'peac DO ceap la Caolbab, mac Cpuinn, pinUlab, oc pope pigh uap Daball.
Qoip Cpiopr, cpi ceo caocca a peachc. lap mbfir aon blia&ain i pije nGpeann DO CaolbaD, mac Cpuinn 6a6pai, DO ceap la hGochaiD Tlluij- meaDoin.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpi ceD caocca a hochc. Qn ceiD bliaDain oGocham TTluij- meabon hi pijhe op Gpmn.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpi ceo peapcca a cuicc. Qn cochcmaD bliabain oGochaib TTluijmfboin, mic fnuipfbai^, ^ipij op Gpmn 50 nepbailc i cUeampaij.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpf ceo peapcca a pe. Qn ceo bliabain DO Cpiomcann, mac pioohaiD, mic Oaipe Cepb, op Gpmn.
Qoip Cpiopc, cpi ceo peaccmojac a hochc. lap mbfich cpi bliabna
palace of Eamhain-Macha or Emania, and con- quered vast territories for themselves in Ulster. Dr. O'Conor thinks that the overturning of Emania should be ascribed to A. D. 331.
' Achadh-leithdheirg. — This place, situated in the territory of Fearnmhagh, now the barony of Farney, in the county of Monaghan, has not yet been identified.
q The Righe. — Now the Newry river, which is called " Owen Glenree fluvius" on an old map of a part of Ulster preserved in the State Papers' Office, London — See note6, under A. D."1178.
p Loch n-Eathach : i. e. the Lake of Eochaidh, now Lough Neagh, a large and celebrated lake between the counties of Antrim, Londonderry, Down, Armagh, and Tyrone.
s Colla Meann. — He was the ancestor of the ancient inhabitants of Crioch-Mughdhorn, now
Cremorne, in the county of Monaghan. Colla Uais, the eldest of the brothers, is the ancestor of the Mac Donnells, Mac Allisters, and Mac Dugalds of Scotland ; and Colla Dachrich, of the Mac Mahons of the county of Monaghan, of the Maguires of Fermanagh, of the O'Hanlons and Mac Canns of the county of Armagh, and of various other families.
' King of Uladh Henceforward Uladh is
applied to the circumscribed territory of the ancient Ulstermen.
u Portrtgh, over Ddbhall. — Dabhall was the ancient name of the River Abhainn-mhor, or Blackwater, in the counties of Tyrone and Ar- magh ; and Portrigh, the King's Fort, was pro- bably the ancient name of Benburb. The An- nals of Clonmacnoise give Muireadhach Tireach but a reign of thirteen years, but Dr. O'Conor
331.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
The Age of Christ, 331. The fifth year of Muireadhach. The battle of Achadh-leithdheirgp, in Fearnmhagh, [was fought] by the three Collas against the Ulstermen, in which fell Fearghus Fogha, son of Fraechar Foirtriun, the last king of Ulster, [who resided] at Eamhain. They afterwards burned Eamhairi, and the Ulstermen did not dwell therein since, 'They also took from the Ulstermen that part of the province [extending] from the Righeq and Loch n-Eathachr westwards. Colla Meann5 fell in this battle.
The Age of Christ, 356. After Muireadhach Tireach had been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Caelbhadh, son of Crunn, King of Uladh', at Portrigh, over DabhalF.
The Age of Christ, 357. After Caelbhadh", son of Crunn Badhrai, had been one year in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Eochaidh Muigh- mheadhoin.
The Age of Christ, 358. The first year of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin in sovereignty over Ireland
The Age of Christ, 365. The eighth year of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin*, son of Muireadhach Tireach, over Ireland, when he died at Teamhair.
The Age of Christ, 366. The first year of Crimhthann, son of Fidhach, son of Daire Cearb, over Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 378. After Crimhthann, son ofFidhachy, had been
thinks that thirty is the number borne out by the more ancient authorities.
w Caelbhadh. — He was of the Rudrician race of Ulster. Tighernach does not mention him among the monarchs of Ireland ; but in all the other authorities he is set down as monarch of Ireland for one year.
* Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin. — Dr. O'Conor translates the cognomen Muighmheadhoin by " Camporum cultor;" and Keating asserts that he was so called because his meadhon, or middle, was like that of a slave ; but the one explana- tion is a mere guess, the other a silly legend. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise it is explained as follows :
" Eochy reigned eight years and was called Moymeoyn; in English, moyst-middle (.1. meu-
6on moor Kuoi aije), because he was much troubled with the flux of the belly."
This monarch had two wives : Mongtinn, daughter of Fidhach, of the royal family of Munster, by whom he had four sons: 1. Brian, the ancestor of the O'Conors of Connaught and their correlatives ; 2. Fiachra, the ancestor of the O'Dowdas, O'Heynes, and O'Shaughnessys ; 3. Fearghus; and 4. Oilioll, whose race were anciently seated in Tir-Oiliolla, now the barony of Tirerrill, in the county of Sligo. He had also a second wife, Carinna, who was the mother of Niall of the Nine Hostages, the most illus- trious of his sons, from whom the Ui-Neill, or Nepotes Neill, north and south, are descended.
' Crimhthann, son of Fidhach — He was the senior and head of the race of Heber, but died
126
[379-
Decc na pij op Gpinn DoCpiorhcann, mac pioohaij, arbail DO Dij neime cucc TTioingpionn a hpiuip peipm Do.
Qoip Cpiopc, rpf ceD pechcmojjac anaoi. Qn ceo bliaDain DO Niall Naoijpallac, mac Gadiacli ITIoijThfooin, hi pi£e nGpeann.
Qoip Cpiopc, cfirpe ceD a cuicc. lap mbfirh peace mbliaDna pichfc na pigh op Gpmn DO Niall Naoijpallach, mac Gachach rnoijmfDoin, Dopochaip la hGochaiD, mac Gnna Cenopealaig, occ TTluip nlochc .1. an rhuip eDip p.panc -] Sa-cam.
without issue at Sliabh-Oighidh-an-righ, i. e. the Mountain of the Death of the King, now the Cratloe mountains, situated to the north of the city of Limerick. It is remarked in the An- nals of Clonmacnoise, and in the Book of Bally- rnote, foL 145, b, a, that Mongfinn poisoned her brother in the hope that her eldest son, Brian, might be immediately elevated to the throne of Ireland ; but that this was of no avail to her, for that Niall of the Nine Hostages, the son of King Eochaidh by his second wife, succeeded as monarch immediately after the poisoning of Crimhthann ; and that none of her descendants ever attained to the monarchy except Turlough More O'Conor, and his son Koderic, who were luckless monarchs to Ireland. Keating, who had access to Munster documents now un- known or inaccessible, gives a curious account of the reign of this monarch, the most powerful that the Munster race of Heber can boast of. It runs as follows in Dr. Lynch's translation:
" Capessivit postea imperium Crimthonus Fidogi films, Dairi Cearbi nepos, Olilli Flann- beggi pronepos, Fiachi Muilehani abnepos, Eogani Magni adnepos, Olilli Olumi trinepos, qui matrimonio Fidamgse Connactici regis nlise copulatus septemdecem annos regnavit, et Al- bania, Britannia, et Gallia victorias retulisse illarumque regionum incolas perdomuisse ve- tusta documenta produnt. Hie in alumnum suum Conallum Echluachum, Lugachi Manu- rubri filium Momonue regnum contulit. Pro-
pago vero Fiachi Muilehani honorem sibi debi- tum alii deferri iniquo animo ferentes de illata sibi injuria gravissimas spargunt usquequaque querelas in ingratitudinis scopulum non leviter impegisse Conallum dictitantes quod nulla cog- natorum habita ratione quse illos ob Eetatis pri- oritatem potiori jure, spectabat prudenset sciens involaret; prasertim cum ex ipsorum genere vir ea dignitate dignissimus Corcus Lugdachi filius turn in vivis esset. Conallus ne ipse ma- cula ejusmodi notaretur, rem integram ad eos qui in ipsa Momonia eruditionis nomine cla- riores habebantur decidendam, ultro detulit sancte pollicitus quidquid illi decreverint se ad amussim expleturum. Arbitri, re accurate dis- cussa, Corco Lugdachi filio; ut qui a Fiachi Muilehani stirpe oriundus erat, qua? stirpem Cormaci Caissii setate prsecelleret, regni habenas primo committendas : Huic autem mortuo Co- nallum si superstes esset sin minus ejus filium substituendum esse censuerunt. Ubi hujus decreti capita, datis vadibus, se observaturum Corcus recepit, eum dignitatem regiam inire Co- nallus facile patitur; cum prsesertim Olillus Olumus constituerit, ut Fiachi Muillehani, et Cormaci Caissi prosapise regnandi vicissitudine semper in Momonia uterentur.
" Demum Corcus fato fungitur, et Conallus Echluachus regimen capessit: cujus in custo- diam omnes quos in Hibernia, Albania, Britan- nia, et Gallia csopit, tradidisse his Cormaci Cul- lenani carminibus perhibetur :
379-]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
127
thirteen years as king over Ireland, he died of a poisonous drink which his own sister gave him.
The Age of Christ, 379. The first year of Niall of the Nine Hostages, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 405. After Niall of the Nine Hostages, son of Eoch- aidh Muighmheadhoin, had been twenty-seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Eochaidh, son of Enna Ceinnseallach, at Muir n-Ichtz, i. e. the sea between France and England.
" Echluachus Mulctam totius caepit lernse, Postquam Crimthonus mulctas trans ajquora
duxit,
Nunquam Juvernse fuerat Rex clarior alter, Mannae tranavit quamvis freta livida nun-
quam
Crimthonus Magnus soboles Fidogia, prsedas. Quotuscumque tulit, vasti trans aequoris undas, Conallo Echluacho dederat, prsestantior alter Quo pugil haud fuerat, rubei gestamine teli Pectoris excels!, praBclaras et nomine mentis Conallus praedives equis velocibus omnem Lustravit patriam, Crimthonum rite secutus, Dunlemnamque adiit miles robustus, ibique Magnum hominum numerum miseranda csede
peremit.
Foemenite Fertconellum, latifundia Aini, Dungarium, Drumcormacum, validumque
Rathlemnum. Duncarmnum egregium Focharmaighumque
decorum.
Cassiliaeque urbis Celebris pomoeria lata Sub ditione sua strenuus Conallus habebat.
" Munfinna Crimthoni soror, filii sui Briani, quern ex Eocho Muighmheano suscepit, et prse cajteris liberis in deliciis habuit, amore nimio, et regiffi dignitatis ad eum deveniendae vehe- nienti desiderio accensa, venenum Crimthono fratri hauriendum porrexit in Dornglassise in- sula, poculo antea ab ipsa propinato, ut lectius fratri fucum facerit, et in maleficii auspicionem
minus ei veniret ; sed malo viscera paulatim rodente, ilia in Dornglassiae insula, ille vero ad montem Oighenrighum, Lymbrico ab aquilone adjacentem interiit, Anno Domini 378."
FromFiachaFidhgheinte, the uncle of Crimh- thann Mor, descended the tribe of Ui-Fidh- gheinte, formerly seated in the plains of the county of Limerick, and who, after the establish- ment of surnames, branched into the families of O'Donovan, O'Coileain (now Collins) MacEniry, O'Kinealy, and others.
* Muir n-Icht. — This sea is supposed to have taken its name from the Portus Iccius of Caesar, situated not far from the site of the present Boulogne. Nothing seems clearer than that this Irish monarch made incursions into Britain against Stilicho, whose success in repelling him and his Scots is described by Claudian. " By him," says this poet, speaking in the person of Britannia, " was I protected when the Scot moved all lerne against me, and the sea foamed with his hostile oars :
" Totam cum Scotus lernen Movit et infesto spumavit remige Tethys."
'From another of this poet's eulogies it ap- pears that the fame of that Roman legion, which had guarded the frontier of Britain against the invading Scots, procured for it the distinction of being one of those summoned to the banner of Stilicho, when the Goths threat- ened Rome :
128
[428.
Cloip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo piclie a noetic, lap mbfic cpi btiaDna pichfc i pighe nGpeann Do Oachf, mac piachpach, mic GachacTnoi^meaDoin, copch- aip DO pai£ic gealain 05 Sleib 6alpa.
Goip. Cpiopc, cficpe ceo cpiocha. Qn Dapa bbaDain DO Laogaipe. Ip in mbliabampi po paoiD an ceD Celepcinup papa palaoiup eppcop Docum nGpeann DO pfolab cpeiorhe oGipfnncoib,-) camic i ccfp i ccpfc Laijfn, Da pfp Decc a lion. T?o Diulr Nachi mac (5appc°n r°1Tne» aP a ai P° oa'rc «a^a6 Daoine i ccip nGpeann, -] po pocuijeaD ceopa heccailpi cpainn laip, Cell phini,Ceac na Roman,-) Oomnac Qpca. Q cCillphine po paccaib a liubpa, 1 an compa 50 craipib POI!,-] pfoaip,-) mapcipech niomDa noile. T?o paccaib an cfcpap po ip na heccailpib ipm Dia eip, Qugupcinnp, beneoicrup, Siluep- rep,i Soloniup. Ctj cionncuD Do phallaoiup pop ccul DO T?oim (o na puaip aipmiccin i nGpinn) Dop paipiD galop i ccfpib Cpuicnec co riepbailc DC.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceichpe ceo cpiocha a haon. Qn cpfp bliabam Do Cao^aipe. T?o hoiponeaD naom paccpaicc i r.eppuccoioe lapa naom papa, an ceo
" Venit et extremis Legio prsetenta Britannia, Quse Scoto dat fraena truci, ferroque notatas Perlegit exanimes Picto moriente figuras." —
De Bdlo Getico.
It would appear from certain passages in the Notitia Imperil that Niall on these occasions had many tribes of the Aitheach-Tuatha, or Attacotti, in his army, who, being the natural enemies of his family, deserted to the enemy, and were incorporated with the Roman legions: " The Attacotti make a distinguished figure in the Notitia Imperil, where numerous bodies of them appear in the list of the Roman army. One body was in Illyricum, their ensign a kind of mullet ; another at Rome, their badge a circle; the Attacotti Honoriani were in Italy." — Pinkerton's Inquiry into the History of Scotland, part iv. c. 2 ; see also O'Conor's Prolegom., 1 . Ixxi. This great Monarch Niall had fourteen sons, of whom eight left issue, who are set down in the following order by O'Flaherty (Ogyyia, iii. 85): 1. Laeghaire, from whom are descended the O'Coindhealbhains or Kendellans of Ui-
Laeghaire ; 2. Conall Crimhthainne, ancestor of the O'Melaghlins ; 3. Fiacha, a quo the Ma- geoghegans and O'Molloys ; 4. Maine, a quo O'Caharny, now Fox, O'Breen and Magawley, and their correlatives in Teffia. All these re- mained in Meath. The other four settled in Ulster, where they acquired extensive territo- ries : 1. Eoghan, the ancestor of O'Neill, and various correlative families; 2. Conall Gulban, the ancestor of O'Donnell, &c. ; 3. Cairbre, whose posterity settled in the barony of Car- bury, in the now county of Sligo, and in the barony of Granard, in the county of J^ongford ; 4. Enda Finn, whose race settled in Tir-Enda, in Tirconnell, and in Kinel-Enda, near the hill of Uisneach, in Westmeath.
It was on the occasion of one of the descents of this monarch on the coast of Armoric Gaul that the soldiers carried off with them, among other captives, a youth then in his sixteenth year, who was afterwards the chief apostle of Ireland, namely, Patrick, the son of Calphurnius ; but it is very clear from St. Jerome's notices of
428.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
129
The Age of Christ, 428. After Dathi, son of Fiachra, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, had been twenty-three years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was killed by a flash of lightning, at Sliabh Ealpaa.
The Age of Christ, 430. The second year of Laeghaire. In this year Pope Celestinus the First sent Palladius" to Ireland, to propagate the faith among the Irish, and he landed in the country of Leinster with a company of twelve men. Nathi, son of Garchuj refused to admit him ; but, however, he baptized a few persons in Ireland, and three wooden churches0 were erected by him, [namely], Cell-Fhine, Teach-na-Komhan, and Domhnach-Arta. At Cell-Fhine he left his books, and a shrine with the relics of Paul and Peter, and many martyrs besides. He left these four in these churches : Augustinus, Benedictus, Silvester, and Solinus. Palladius, on his returning back to Rome (as he did not receive respect in Ireland), contracted a disease in the country of the Cruithnigh, and died thereof.
The Age of Christ, 431. The third year of Laeghaire. Saint Patrick was ordained bishop by the holy Pope, Celestine the First, who ordered him to go
Celestius, and from several old Lives of St. Pa- trick, that there were Christians in Ireland for some time previously to this reign — See the Editor's 7mA Grammar, Introd., pp. 1. li.
a Sliabh-Ealpa : i. e. the Alps. For curious notices of King Dathi, see Tribes and Customs of Ui-Fiachrach, pp. 17 to 27. Duald Mac Firbis states from the records of his ancestors that the body of Dathi was carried home to Ireland, and interred at Rathcroghan, where his grave was marked by a red pillar-stone.
b Palladius — From the notice of this mis- sionary in Prosper's Chronicle, it is evident that there were some communities of Christians among the Scoti in Ireland. His words are : " Ad Scotos in Christum credentes ordinatus a Papa Celestino Palladius primus Episcopus mit- titur." The same writer boasts that this new missionary to the British isles, while endeavour- ing to keep the Roman island of Britain Catholic, had made the barbarous [i. e. not Romanized] island Christian, " Et ordinato Scotis Episcopo
dum Romanam insulam studet servare Catho- licam, fecit etiam Barbaram Christianam." This sanguine announcement was issued by Prosper, in a work directed against the Semi-Pelagians, before the true result of Palladius's mission had reached him. This unsuccessful missionary did not live to report at Rome his failure in the barbarous island ; but, being driven by a storm on the coast of North Britain, there died at Fordun, in the district of Magh-Geirgin, or Mearns. — See Boole of Armagh, fol. 2, p. a; and Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 248, col. 2.
c Three wooden churches. — These churches were situated in the territory of Ui-Garchon, which was washed by the River Inbher-Dea, in the east of the present county of Wicklow. Cellfine is unknown ; Teach-na-Romhan, House of the Romans, is probably the place called Ti- groni ; and Domhnach-Arta is probably the pre- sent Dunard, near Redcross. For the various authorities which mention the erection of these churches see Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 249.
130
[432.
Celepcinup, po pupail paip rocr oocum nGpeann, Do pfnmoip-] DO ppoicepc cpeomi -| cpabaiD Do 5«0it>ea^a1^. 1 Dia mbairpeaDh mip.
Qoip Cpiopc, cfichpe ceo cpiocha aoo. C(n cearparhao bliaDain Do Laojaipe. paccpaicc Do cheachc i nGpmn an bliaoainpi, 50 po jab pop baicpeaD -| beannachaij; Gpeann, piopa, mna, maca, ~\ ingfna, cen mo cd uachaD na po paorh baicpioD na cpeiDearh uaD, ariiuil aipne&eap a b'eaca.
Gch Upturn DO porhujhaDh la pacpaicc lap na fohpaipc Do pheblim, mac Laejhaipe, mic Nell, DO Ohia, Doporh, Do Lomman, ~\ Do popcchfpn. plann TTlamipepec cecinir.
, ab 6ipeann uile, mac Calppamn, mic mic Deippe, nap Doij DO liuD, mic Copmuic TTlhoip, mic Leibpiuc, mic Oca, mic Oppic mair, mic TTloipic, mic Leo in lanpair, mic TTla^imi, maipg na ploinn, mic Gncpecca aipo alainD, mic pflipc ip peppap 015 cac, mic pepem jan anpac, mic bpiccam, Dobpa in mapa, o caic bpecam bpucmapa, Cochmap a macaip malla, Nemrhop a b'aile baja, Don mumain m cael a cuio, po paop ap pucaip pdopaij.
d Came to Ireland. — The place where St. Pa- trick landed is the subject of much dispute among the Irish writers. Mageoghegan, in his Annals of Clonmacnoise, states that he landed at Wicklow, where he was opposed by the Leinstermen, one of whom struck one of his companions on the mouth with a stone, and knocked out four of his teeth, for which reason he was afterwards called Mantanus, or the tooth- less, and the church of Cill-Mantain, now Wick- low, is said to have taken its name from him
See also Ussher's Primordia, pp. 845, 846. Mr. Moore thinks that Inbhear-Dea? was the harbour of Dublin, but this opinion is founded on a mis- reading of Evolenorum for Cuolenorum by Ussher, in Probus's Life of St. Patrick, which the Book of Armagh enables us to correct. Prom the si- tuation of Cualann and Ui-Garchon, in which Inbher De» was, it is more than probable that it was at Bray Patrick landed.
e His Life. — Seven Lives of St. Patrick have been published by Colgan in his Trias Thaum., of which the seventh, which is called Vita Tri- partita, and is ascribed to St. Evin, is the most copious. Ussher had another life, divided into three parts, which, from the several quotations he gives from it, appears to be very different from the Tripartite Life published by Colgan. It appears, from the various Lives of this saint, that several tribes of the Irish not only refused to be converted, but attempted to murder St. Patrick. Giraldus Cambrensis says that Ire- land never produced a single martyr, and all the modern Irish historians have asserted that, "'by a singular blessing of Providence, not a single drop of blood was shed, on account of re- ligion, through the entire course of the conver- sion of the Pagan Irish to Christianity." But whoever will read the Tripartite Life of St. Pa- trick, as published by Colgan, will find that the
432.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
131
to Ireland, to preach and teach faith and piety to the Gaeidhil, and also to bap- tize them.
The Age of Christ, 432. The fourth year of Laeghaire. Patrick came to Ireland"1 this year, and proceeded to baptize and bless the Irish, men, women, sons, and daughters, except a few who did not consent to receive faith or bap- tism from him, as his Life6 relates.
Ath-Truim was founded by Patrick, it having been granted by Fedhlim, son of Laeghaire, son of Niall, to God and to him, Loman, and Fortchern. Flann Mainistrechf cecinit :
Patrick, Abbot of all Ireland, son of Calphranng, son of Fotaide,
Son of Deisse, — not fit to be dispraised, son of Cormac Mor, son of Lebriuth,
Son of Ota, son of Orric the Good, son of Moric, son of Leo of full success,
Son of Maximus, 'tis not unfit to name him, son of Encretti, the tall and comely,
Son of Philisti, the best of men, son of Fereni without a tempest,
Son of Britan11, otter of the sea, from whom the vigorous Brifons came ;
Cochnias was his modest mother ; Nemthor his native town ;
Of Munster not small his share, which Patrick redeemed from sorrow.
Pagan Irish made several attempts at murdering Patrick, and that he had frequently but a nar- row escape. He will be also convinced that our modern popular writers have been guilty of great dishonesty in representing the labours of Patrick as not attended with much difficulty. Nothing is clearer than that Patrick engrafted Christianity on the Pagan superstitions with so much skill, that he won the people over to the Christian religion before they understood the exact difference between the two systems of belief ; and much of this half Pagan half Chris- tian religion will be found, not only in the Irish stories of the middle ages, but in the supersti- tions of the peasantry of the present day.
f Flann Mainistrech : i. e. Flann of the Mo- nastery. He was abbot of Mainistir-Buithe, now Monasterboice, in the county of Louth,
and died in December, 1056 See O'Eeilly's
Descriptive Catalogue of Irish Writers, p. Ixxv.
S
* Son of Calphrann — St.Patrick himself gives us two generations of his pedigree, in his Con- fessio, as follows : " Patrem habui Calpornium diaconum, filium quondam Potiti presbyteri, qui fuit in vico Bonavem Tabernise : villulam Enon prope habuit ubi capturam dedi."
h Britan — This pedigree is clearly legendary, because Britan, from whom the Britons are said to have derived their .name and origin, is said, by all the Irish writers, to have flourished before the arrival of the Tuatha-De-Dananns in Ire- land ; and, therefore, to deduce the Irish apostle's pedigree from him in fifteen generations, cannot now, for a moment, stand the test of criticism. — See this pedigree given from various authorities in Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 4, 224.
After this quotation from Flann, the Stowe copy has the following observation: " San oapa ouille um Diaij aca an cuio ele oon ouanp .i. map a bpuil ' ITluinctp paopuijj na pac-
132
[434.
Qoip Cpiopc, cfichpe ceD cpiochac a cfchaip. Ctn peipeaD bliaDain Do Laojaipe. Loapn mac Gachach TTluinpfriiaip DO jenfD.
Qoip Cpiopc, cfichpe ceo cpiocha a cuig. Qn peaccmaD bliaDam Do Laojaipe. bpeapal belach, mac piacha Qicfoha, mic Cachaoip TTloip, (pi Laighean) 065.
Cloip Cpiopc, ceicpe ceD cpiocha a pe. Ctn coccmaD bliaDam Do plainop Laojaipe.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ceichpe cheD cpiochac a peace. Qn naorhaD bliabain Do Laojaipe. pionobapp mac ua baipoene oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD cpiocha a hochc. Qn DfchmaD bliabam DO Laojaipe. Seancup -| peneachup na hGpeann Do jlanaDl Do pcpiobaD, ap ccfclamaD pcpeapcpaD -] pfmleabap nGpeann co haon majjin, ap impibe Naom pacpaicc. QciaO anopo naoi pailje pochaijceacha lap a nofpnaD inopin. Laojaipe (.1. pi Gpeann), Copcc -] Daipe an cpiup pfojh, paopuicc, benen, -\ Caipnech an cpiup naorh, l?op, Oubchach, -\ pfpjup an cpiup peanchaD, arhail Deapbap an pann.
cep,' " i. e. " On the second leaf following the rest of this poem is [given], i. e. where occurs ' Muintir Padruig na Patter ; ' " which Dr. O'Conor translates, ridiculously, as follows : " In Scholarum libris de rebus divinis extat pars reliqua hujus carminis, i. e. de mirabilibus familiee Patricii orationum." — See the poem so beginning, p. 134, line 13, infra. The object of the note by the Four Masters is simply to in- form the reader that the lines beginning "Muin- ter Padruy" are a continuation of the poem of Flann Mainistreach.
' Loarn. — He was one of the Dal-Riada of Ulster who settled in Alba or Scotland.
J Breasal Bealach. — He is called Bex LagenicK in the Annals of Ulster. — He is the common ancestor of the Kavanaghs, O'Byrnes, O'Tooles, and other families of Leinster. — See Leabhar na gCeart, p. 203.
k Mac Ua Bairdene. — This Finnbharr is to be distinguished from the first Bishop of Cork and others of a similar name. His name does not
occur in the Feilire-Aenguis, or in O'Clery's Irish Calendar. It would appear from various autho- rities, which Ussher and Colgan have regarded as trustworthy, but which Dr. Lanigan rejects as fabulous, that by Uabard the Irish writers meant Longobardus, or a Lombard. Thus Ees- titutus, the husband of Liemania, St. Patrick's sister, is called one time Hua-Baird, and at ano- ther time Longobardus — See Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of the Round Towers of Ireland, p. 164; Ussher's Primordia, p. 825 ; Col- gan's Trias Thaum., p. 226, col. 2 ; Dr. O'Conor's Prolegomena ad Annales, pp. 1. Ixiv.
1 The Seanchm and Feinechus : i. e. the His- tory and Laws. The work said to have been compiled on this occasion is usually called the Seanchus Mor, and in the Annals of Ulster Chronicon Magnum. There are fragments of a work so called in the manuscript Library of Trin. Coll. Dub., H. 3. 17, and H. 3, 18. and a more perfect one in the British Museum. Jo- celyn also refers to it (as if he had seen it) under
434.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
133
The Age of Christ, 434. The sixth year of Laeghaire. Loarn1, son of Eochaidh Muinreamhar, was born.
The Age of Christ, 435. The seventh year of Laeghaire. Breasal Bea- lachj, son of Fiacha Aiceadh, son of Cathaeir Mor (King of Leinster), died.
The Age of Christ, 436. The eighth year of the reign of Laeghaire.
The Age of Christ, 437. The ninth year of Laeghaire. Finnbharr Mac Ua Bairdene", died.
The Age of Christ, 438. The tenth year of Laeghaire. The Seanchus and Feinechus1 of Ireland were purified and written, the writings and old books of Ireland having been collected [and brought] to one place, at the request of Saint Patrick. These were the nine supporting props by whom this was done: Laeghaire, i. e. King of Ireland, Core, and Daire, the three kings ; Patrick, Benen, and Cairneach, the three saints ; Ross, Dubhthach, and Fearghus, the three antiquaries, as this quatrain testifies :
the name of Canoin-Phadruig, incorrectly for Cain-Phadruig, i. e. Patrick's Law, as follows : " Magnum etiam volumen quod dicitur Canoin Phadruig, id est, CanonesPairicii scripsit ; quod cuilibet persons, seu seculari, seu etiam Eccle- siasticse, ad justiciam exercendam, et salutem uninm: obtinendam, satis congrue convenit." — Trias Thaum., pp. 214, col. 1. SeePetrie's An- tiquities of Tara Hill, in which (pp. 47-54) long extracts are given from the prefatory account of this work in the manuscript above referred to ; and p. 56, where the author draws the following conclusion respecting its origin and nature :
" On the whole, then, it may be safely con- cluded from the preceding evidences, that the Seanchus Mor was not, as Colgan and the sub- sequent writers supposed, a mixed compilation of history and law, but a body of laws solely ; and though, perhaps, there is not sufficient evi- dence to satisfy an unprejudiced person that the Apostle of Ireland had any share in its composition, or even that its origin can be traced to his time, little doubt can be enter- tained that such a work was compiled within a short period after the full establishment of
Christianity in the country. It is even highly probable that St. Patrick, assisted by one of the Bards converted to Christianity, may have laid the foundation of a revision of such of the Pagan laws and usages of the country as were incon- sistent with the doctrines of the Gospel ; and that such a work, when compiled by the labour of his successors, was ascribed to him, to give it greater authority with the people. And this conjecture is supported by the Annals of Ulster, so remarkable for their accuracy, which record, at the year 438, the composition of the Chronicon Magnum, or, as it is called in the original Irish, in the fine manuscript of these Annals in Trinity College, Seanchus Mor, a statement most proba- bly derived from the older Annals of Tighernach, which are now defective at that period."
It is distinctly stated in H. 3. 18, that the Seanchus Mor was otherwise called Cain Pha- druig, i. e. Patrick's Law, and that no indivi- dual Brehon of the Gaeidhil (Irish Scoti) has dared to abrogate any thing found in it. Hence it is clear that Jocelyn has misnamed the " mag- num volumen," containing civil and ecclesiastical laws, by the name of Canoin Phadruig, for that
134
[440.
Laojaipe, Cope, Oaipe Dup, paopaicc, benen, Caipnfch coip, Rop, Oubchach, Peapgup 50 peb, naoi pailje pen pfncaip moip.
doip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo cficpacha. On Oapa bliaoain Decc Do Caojaipe. TTlaine, mac Nell Naoijiallaij, Decc.
Cloip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo cfcpacha a cfcaip. Ctn peipeaD bbaDain Decc DO Laojaipe mac Neill ipin TCighe.
C[oip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo, cfcpacha apeachc. Qnaoi Decc DO Laojaipe. SecunDinup .1. Seachnall, mac ua baipD, mac pfcap pacpaicc .1. Oaipepca, eppcop Ctpoa ITIacha, cuicc bliaDna pfccmojac a aoip an can po paoiD a ppipac .1. 27 Nouembep.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceicpe ceo cfcpacha a hochc. Qn picfcrhao bliaDam Do
Lao^aipe.
TTluinncep phaDpuij na paccep, acca paibe po Laiccen, TTleabpa lim, m cuipc cpanna, a nuipc ip a nanmanna. Sechnall a eppog gan ace, TTlocca ap pein a pagapc,
was the name by which the Irish designated St. Patrick's copy of the Gospels, now known as the Book of Armagh.
m Core. — This quotation is evidently apochry- phal. He was not contemporary with King Laeghaire or St. Patrick's mission, for he was the grandfather of Aenghus Mac Nadfraich, the first Christian King of Munster — Ogy gia,\i\.tl '86.
n Cairneach He could have scarcely been
alive in 438, and he could not possibly have been then an ecclesiastic, for he died in 530, near .a century afterwards, and Benignus or Benen was but a boy in 438. — See LeabJiar na-gCeart, In- troduction, p. iii. et sequent.
° Maine, son of Niall. — He was the ancestor of the O'Caharnys, O'Breens, Magawleys, and other families of Teffia, which was sometimes called Tir-Maine from him.
p Seachnall Mac Ua Baird. — According to all the ancient Irish authorities, he was the son of Liamhain or Liemania, otherwise called Darerca, one of the sisters of St. Patrick, by Restitutus
the Lombard, and the author of a hymn in praise of St. Patrick, published by Colgan in Trias Thaum., p. 211 — See Ussher's Primordia, p. 824, and Lanigan's Eccl. Hist. Irel., vol. i. pp. 259, 271, where it is shewn from various authorities that he was a suffragan bishop to St. Patrick, and that his principal church was Domh- nach Sechnail, i. e. the Church of Sechnall, now Dunshaughlin, in Meath, where he was placed by St. Patrick about the year 443, and died in 448. Dr. Lanigan scoffs at the idea of Darerca, the sister of St. Patrick, being married to Ees- titutus, a Lombard. In the Annals of Ulster, ad ann. 439, it is stated that Seachnall, or Secun- dinus, was sent to Ireland, along with two other bishops, Auxilius and Isernius, to assist St. Pa- trick. The only authority for making Secun- dinus Archbishop of Armagh is a passage in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick (lib. iii. c. 81), which states, that before St. Patrick set out for Home in search of relics, he had intrusted Secundinus with the care of the archbishopric
440.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
135
Laeghaire, Corcm, Daire the stern, Patrick, Benen, Cairneach0 the just,
Eoss, Dubhthach, Fearghus with goodness, the nine props these of the Seanchus Mor.
The Age of Christ, 440. The twelfth year of Laeghaire. Maine, son of Niall0 of the Nine Hostages, died.
The Age of Christ, 444. The sixteenth year of Laeghaire, son of Niall, in the sovereignty.
The Age of Christ, 447. The nineteenth year of Laeghaire. Secundinus, i. e. Seachnall Mac Ua Bairdp, the son of Patrick's sister, Darerca, Bishop of Ard-Macha [Armagh], yielded his spirit on the twenty-seventh of November, in the seventy-fifth year of his age.
The Age of Christ, 448. The twentieth year of Laeghaire.
The family of Patrick11 of the prayers, who had good Latin,
I remember ; no feeble court [were they], their order, and their names.
Sechnair, his bishop without fault ; Mochta* after him his priest ;
of Armagh and the primacy of Ireland ; but it is very clear, from the whole tenor of Patrick's proceedings, that he did not go to Rome on this occasion ; and it is equally clear that Secundinus was never Archbishop of Armagh, though he might have resided there while Patrick was preaching in other parts of Ireland.
i The family of Patrick. — This poem is very incorrectly deciphered and translated by Dr. O'Conor. His errors are corrected in this edi- tion of it, from a fuller and better copy pre- served in the Book of Lecan, fol. 44, b, and from a prose list of the twenty-four persons constituting the household of St. Patrick pre- fixed to it. A list of the principal persons men- tioned in this poem is also given by Evinus, in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, lib. iii. c. 98; Trias Thaum., p. 167, col. i.
' Sechnall. — " Sanctus enim Secundinus Epis- copus, fuit ipsius Vicarius in spiritualibus et suffraganeus."— Evinus, Trias Thaum., p. 167, col. i.
* Mochta — " Sanctus Mocteus fuit ejus Archi- prsesby ter." — Evinus. This is Mocteus of Louth, whose acts are given by Colgan at 24th March. In the Calendar of Cashel and Martyrology of Donegal, as quoted by Colgan, he is called bi- shop, and Ware also gives him this title ; yet Adamnan, in his second preface to the Life of St. Columba, does not style him bishop ; but merely calls him " Proselytus Brito, homo sanctus, Sancti Patricii episcopi discipulus, Moc- theus nomine." An epistle, referred to by most of the Irish annalists, as written by Mocteus him- self, was headed with these words : " Mauchteus peccator presbyter, sancti Patricii discipulus, in Domino salutem." In the Irish Calendar of O'Clery it is stated that he lived to the age of 300 years ; and the Annals of Clonmacnoise give him an age of 300 years and three days ; but Colgan and Lanigan, after a careful exami- nation of the errors of transcribers, and a com- parison of collateral facts, have reduced his years to 100, or 130.
136
[448.
Gppoj 6pc a bpeiceam bmn, a rpempeap Gppos TTlaccaeipann.
benen a pailmceaclaib paep, ajup Coerhan a riiacaeih.
Smell a pfp bein in cluic, ajup Cliccfn a pp coic.
Cpuimcep TTleapcan jan bine, a capa pa cipppipe.
Cpuimrep bepcnaic, binne a painn, pagapr meipe mic QlppamD.
Ct cpi gabaino, sapra a noealb, TDacecr, Laeban, ip popcceapno.
a cpi cepoa, pa mop par, Qepbuice, Uaipill, i ^apach.
t Bishop Ere. — " Sanctus Ercus Episcopus, Cancellarius, et supremus judex in spirituali- bus."— Evinus. He was the first Bishop of Slane, which is described in the Irish Calendar of O'Clery at 2nd November, and in a note in the Feilire Aenguis, at 16th November, as Fertai Fer Feic, by the side of Sidh-Truim, on the west. The annals of Ulster refer his death to the year 514. See Ussher's Primord., p. 1047. His fes- tival was held at Slane on the 2nd of November.
u Maccaeirthinn — Although he is not given in Evinus's list of St. Patrick's household, he is mentioned by him, in part iii. c. 3, as " baculus senectutis ipsius, qui eum in hu- meris gestabat." In the Book of Lecan he is called "a rpenpeap," i. e. "his mighty man, or champion." He was the, first Bishop of Clogher, and died in the year 506 See Ussher's Pri- mord., pp. 856, 1123. It is stated in the Irish Calendar of O'Clery, at 15th August, that his real name was Aedh, and that he was called Feardachrioch when he was abbot of Dairinis. His acts are given by Colgan, in his Ada Sanc- torum, at 24th March, pp. 737-742.
w Benen, his psalmist. — Dr. O'Conor translates this, " Benignus ejus Horarius (sive temporis monitor) ;" but he is beneath criticism in this and a thousand other instances. Colgan pub- lished several chapters from the Life of this saint in his Trias Thaum., p. 205. It is stated that he became a bishop, and succeeded Patrick at Armagh, in 455, and died in 468. He is said to have been the original compiler of the Psalter
of Cashel, and of Leabhar na-gCeart. — See the edition of that work printed for the Celtic So- ciety, Introduction, pp. ii. to xi.
y Coemhan " Sanctus Coemanus de Kill-
Choemain, Cubicularius." — Evinus. See also Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 177, n. 88; and Ada Sanctorum, pp. 312, 313. In the list of St. Patrick's disciples given in the Book of Lecan, he is called " Caeman Chille Riaba, Caemhan of Kilready." Dr. O'Conor thinks that he was the same as Coemhan of Enach-Truim, in Leix ; but this is impossible, for the latter was the brother of St. Kevin of Glendalough, who died in the year 618.
1 Sindl, his bell-ringer This is incorrectly
printed " Sribhall feair bunadaig," by Dr. O'Conor. In the list of St. Patrick's household, preserved in the Book of Lecan, this line reads, " Smell u pep bein in cluic, i. e. Sinell was his Bell-ringer." Evinus calls him " Senellus de Kill- dareis, Campanarius," on which Colgan writes the following note in his Trias Thaum., p. 1 88, n. 1 20 : " Cum Cill-dareis idem sit ac cella duarum pal- marum, siveduabus palmis lata; forte haec cella, est, qu« aliter Carcuir Sinchill, i. e. reclusorium Sinelli, nuncupatur, jacetque in insula lacus, Loch Melge appellati, in finibus septentrionalis Connacise." In the prose list preserved in the Book of Lecan he is called " Smell Chilli aipip a aipnpe, i. e. Sinell of Killairis, his Ostiarius."
a Aithcen This is printed Aithreoir by Dr.
O'Conor. Evinus calls him " Athgenius de Both-domnaich, coquus," which perfectly agrees
448.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
137
Bishop Ere1 his sweet-spoken Judge ; his champion, Bishop Maccaeirthinn";
Benen, his psalmist"; and Coemhany, his chamberlain ;
Sinel? his bell-ringer, and Aithcen* his true cook ;
The priest Mescan", without evil, his friend and his brewer ;
The priest Bescna0, sweet his verses, the chaplain of the son of Alprann.
His three smiths'1, expert at shaping, Macecht, Laebhan6, and Fortchernf.
His three artificers8, of great endowment, Aesbuite, Tairill, and Tasach.
with the prose list in the Book of Lecan. He is the patron saint of the church of Badoney, in the valley of Gleann-Aichle, near Strabane, in Tyrone — See Trias Thaum. p. 188, n. 121. His pedigree is thus given by O'Clery : " Aithgen, of Both-Domhnaigh, son of Dael, son of Maisin, son of Fearghus, son of Duach, son of Breasal, son of Colla Meann, son of Eochaidh Doimhlen."
b Mescan. — Evinus calls him " Sanctus Mes- chanus de Domnach" [Mescain] "juxta Foch- muine fluvium, Cerviciarius." The word in brackets, which was erroneously omitted by Col- gan, has been supplied from the prose list in the Book of Lecan. His church was situated near the River Fochmhuine, now the Faughan, in the county of Londonderry, but it has not been yet identified.
c Bescna. — " Sanctus Beschna praesbyter de Domnach - dala, Sacellanus." — Evinus. This church, which is called Domhnach-Dula in the prose list in the Book of Lecan, was in the plain of Magh-dula, through which the River Moyola, in the south of the county of Londonderry, flows. —See Trias Thaum., p. 188, n. 123.
A His three smiths — Evinus, as edited by Col- gan, mentions but two smiths of St. Patrick, thus : " Sanctus Maccectus de Domnach-loebain, qui reliquiarium illud famosum Finn-faidheach nuncupatum fabricavit, et Sanctus Fortchernus de Rath-aidme duo fabri ferrarii." But this is obviously a blunder of Colgan's, as Loebhan was unquestionably the saintofDomhnach-Loebhain. In the prose list in the Book of Lecan the former
is called TTlaccecc 6 Ooriinac Ctpnoin, i. e. Mac- ' cecht of Domhnach Arnoin. The text of Evinus should stand corrected thus : " Sanctus Mac- cectus" [de Domnach-Arnoin, et Sanctus Loeba- nus] "de Domnach-loebain, qui reliquiarium illud famosum Finn-faidheach nuncupatum fabri- cavit ; et Sanctus Fortchernus de Rath-Semni, tres fabri ferrarii." The words in brackets shew what has been evidently omitted in Colgan's edition of the Tripartite Life.
' Laebhan. — There are two saints of this name mentioned in the Irish Calendar of the O'Clerys, one on the 1st of June, called Loebhan of Ath- Eguis, and the other on the 9th of August. Colgan states that Domhnach-Loebhain was called Cill-Loebhain in his own time, and that it was a parish church in the diocese of Clon- fert. — Trias Thaum., p. 188, n. 129. It is evi- dently the church now called Killian.
' Fortchern — " Sanctus Fortchernus de Rath- aidme, faber ferrarius." — Evinus. In the prose list in the Book of Lecan he is called " pop- chepn i Raic Semni," i. e. Fortchern of Rath- Semhni. He was the son of the Monarch Laegh- aire mac Neill, and had a church at Ath- Truim, now Trim, in Meath, and another at Cill-Fortchern, in Idrone, in the present county of Callow. His festival was celebrated at both places on the 1 1th of October.
6 His three artificers. — Evinus names them as follows : " Sanctus Essa, Sanctus Biteus, ac Sanctus Tassa, tres fabri serarii, vasorumque sacrorum fabricatores." In the prose list in the
13s
Rioghachca
a cpi opumecha nac Dip, Lupaio, Gpca, Cpuimcipip. O&pan a apagan oil, Rooan, mac bpaja a Buacail, Ippip, Cijpip, if Gpca, agup domain la Gibeacca, Paopuis pop poppan an becpa, OoiB po ba ceapb peapca, Caipniuc pajapc pon baipc, ^epman a oioe can aipg, Cpuimcep TTlanac pa mop pac, a pep coip pa connaoac. TTlac oa piap banban co mblaiD, TTlapcam bpdcaip arhdcap. l?apa po goc ap oglac, TTloconnoc a comjapmac.
[448.
Book of Lecan, they are called eppu 1 Capon, and nevertheless in Flann's poem, which is given as the authority for that list, they are called Girpmire, GctipiU, Cayxic. The last only has been identified. He was the patron saint of Rath-Cholptha, now Raholp village, near Saul, in the county of Down. The other two names have been so corrupted by transcribers that they are difficult to determine. Colgan thinks that Essa should be Ossa, or Ossan, as Patrick had a disciple of that name, whose memory was venerated at Trim, in Meath. He makes no attempt at identifying Bite, or Biteus. The Irish Calendar of O'Clery gives a saint of that name at 22nd July, as Biteus, abbot of Inis-Cumh- scraidhe, now Inishcourcy, near Downpatrick. Tairill is found in Flann's poem only.
h His three embroiderers. — " Sanota Lupita, Tigrida, et Crumtheris textrices et sacrorum linteorum erant confectrices." — Evinus.
In the prose list in the Book of Lecan they are named thus : " Q cpi opumecha .1. 6upaio, -| Gpc, mjenDaipi,-] Cpuimchepip, i.e. Lupaid, and Ere, daughter of Dairi, and Crumtheris." The Lupaid here mentioned was Lupita, Pa- trick's own sister. Ere, the daughter of Dairi, was no other than Ergnata, the daughter of Dairi, King'of Oirther, who granted Armagh to Saint Patrick. — See a very strange story about her in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, lib. iii. c. 72. Crumtheris was a lady of royal birth, who lived in solitude on the hill of Kenngobha,
to the east of Armagh — See Vit. Trip., lib. iii. c. 74; Trias Thaum., p. 163.
' Odhran. — Evinus calls him " Sanctus Odra- nus de Disert-Odhrain in Hifalgia, auriga," which perfectly agrees with the prose list in the Book of Lecan : " Oopcm 6 Oir-epc Oopain a jilla apao." He is mentioned in all the Lives of St. Patrick published by Colgan — See Vita Tripart., part iii. c. 56, where there is a curious story told about an attempt made by an Irish chieftain to murder St. Patrick.
i Rodan Dr. O'Conor prints this Rochan.
Evinus calls him " Sanctus Rodanus, Armenta- rius." In the prose list in the Book of Lecan, he is called " Rooan a Buacail."
k Ippis, &c These are said to have been the
five sisters of St. Patrick ; but Dr. Lanigan has attempted to shew that St. Patrick had no real sisters in Ireland, and thinks that these were religious women who were called his sisters in a spiritual, not carnal sense. — See his Ecclesias- tical History of Ireland, vol. i. pp. 125, 126, where this acute historian writes : " Still more un- founded are the stories concerning St. Patrick's sisters, who are said to have been with him in Ireland, and their numberless children. Part of this stuff is given by Ussher (Primordia, p. 824, seqq.) ; but Colgan has collected the whole of it in a large dissertation — (Trias Thaum., p. 224, seqq.)"
1 Cairniuch. — It is so printed by Dr. O'Conor, who says in a note : " Omnes vita; vetustiores
448.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
139
His three embroiderers", not despicable, Lupaid, Erca, and Cruimthiris. Odhran', his charioteer, without blemish, Rodanj, son of Braga, his shepherd. Ippisk, Tigris, and Erca, and Liamhain, with Eibeachta : For them Patrick excelled in wonders, for them he was truly miraculous. Carniuch1 was the priest that baptized him ; German"1 his tutor, without ble- mish.
The priest Manachn, of great endowment, was his man for supplying wood. His sister's son0 was Banban, of fame ; Martinp his mother's brother. Most sapient was the youth Mochonnocq, his hospitaller.
eum appellant Gorniam."
In the copy of Flann's poem, preserved in the Book of Lecan, the reading is : " ^opmap 1n jxjcapr po Baipc, Le. Gornias the priest who baptized him."
m German All the Lives of Patrick agree
that St. Germanus was his tutor. Colgan at- tempts to shew that Patrick had been under his tuition as early as the year 396 ; but the acute Dr. Lanigan clearly proves (vol. i. p. 161), that Patrick could not have been under the direction of St. German before the year 418.
n Manach. — Evinus calls him : " Sanctus Monachus prasbyter focarius lignorumque pro- visor." In the prose list in the Book of Lecan he is called " Cpuimcfp TTlanac a peap o^nriia connai j, i. e. Cruimhther Manach his provider of wood."
0 His sister's son In the copy of Flann's
poem, in the Book of Lecan, the reading is, "Sfnnan a Bpacaip co mblao, i. e. Seannan was his brother" [or cousin] " of fame." Nei- ther name has been identified with true history, and it is more than probable that both owe their existence to the errors of the transcribers.
f Martin In the Tripartite Life, apud
Colgan (Trias Thaum., p. 1 17), it is stated that Conchessa, St. Patrick's mother, was the sister or relative of St. Martin : " Conchessa Ecbatii filia ex Francis oriunda, et S. Martini soror, seu
cognata, ejus mater fuit." But Dr. Lanigan thinks that there is not sufficient authority to prove this fact : " There is a sort of tradition that she" [Conchessa] " was a near relative of the great St. Martin of Tours, either his sister, or, what is less improbable, a niece of his. I have not been able to find any sufficient autho- rity for it ; and it seems to be founded on a mis- take, in consequence of its having been said that St. Patrick, after his release from captivity, spent some time with St. Martin at Tours." — Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. i. p. 124.
q Mochonnoc. — " Sanctus Catanus praesbyter, et Ocanotus prsesbyter duo hospitalarii, sive hos- pitum ministri." — Evinus.
In the prose list in the Book of Lecan the reading is : " Cpuimcep Caoan 6 Camlaccam Gpooa, i Cpuimcep m6pojan a oa popme'pi; i. e. Priest Cadan of Tamlaghtard, and Priest Brogan, his two waiters."
The memory of St. Cadan, or Catanus, is still held in great veneration in the parish of Tam- laghtard, or Ardmagilligan, in the barony of Keenaght, and county of Londonderry. Colgan gives the acts of Mochonnoc at llth February, and states that he flourished about A. D. 492; but Dr. Lanigan shews that he lived at a much later period. — See his Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. i. p. 425. The Brogan of the prose list in the Book of Lecan is evidently intended 2
140
[449.
Cpibpi ip Lappa na leano, injeana jlana TTlacpaib cap pai abip ay 6pc, pa capnjaip pe na rpi uiDeacc bpojan pjpibnib a pcoile, Cpuimcep Loga a luamaipe. Noca ne nf nac canca, agup TTlacui a pipoatca TTlaic peap oampac muinncep mop Da oapo Oia bacaill cen bpon, plaici ca cluinncep na ctuic, muinnrep maic muincep phaopuijj. In Upmoio jprpean ap cue oailea Duino maic mopjpac pan poem cpe aircin mbuic, pa poep DO paccip
Cfoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo cfcpachac anaoi. blia&am ap pichic Do Laoj- aip). CtrhalgaoiD, mac piacpac, mic Gachac TnuTbmf&oin, Diobaib. Uaibe Uip nQrhal5ai6.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD caocca a cpf. Qn cuicceaD blia&ain pichear Do Laojaipe. CachppaeineaD mop pm Caojaipe mac Nell pop Lai jmb.
Goip Cpiopn, cficpe ceo caocca a cfcaip. Ct pe pichfc DO Laojaipe. peip Ueampa la Laojjaipe, mac Nell.
for Brocan, or Brocanus, one of the nephews of St. Patrick, mentioned in the Tripartite Life. — Trias Thaum., pp. 129, 136.
' Cribri and Lasra. — These are called Crebrea and Lassera in the Tripartite (Trias Thaum., p. 141), where it is stated that they were the daughters of Glerannus, son of Cumineus, and lived at the church of Kill-Forclann, near Kil- lala. Dr. O'Conor, with this evidence before him, translates Gleaghrann by candidce as if it were an epithet of the virgins, and not their father's name.
s Macraidh, fyc., and Ere — The text is clearly corrupt here, and the copy in the Book of Lecan affords no clue to the correction of it.
1 Brogan — He was the Brocanus, nephew of St. Patrick, mentioned by Jocelin in c. 50, and by Evinus (ubi supra).
u Logha — In the copy of Flann's poem in the Book of Lecan he is called Cpuimcep Cujna, which is more correct. His tombstone is still preserved near Templepatrick, or Patrick's
church, on the island of Insi Goill, in Lough Corrib, with the following inscription : " 6ie lujnaeoon mace Imenueh, i. e. the stone of Lugna Don, son of Lemenueh." This inscrip- tion, which was discovered by Dr. Petrie, who published a fac-simile of it, in his Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of the Hound Towers of Ire- land, p. 162, is the oldest literal monument yet discovered in Ireland. It establishes the exis- tence of Lughna and Lemenueh beyond dis- pute, but nothing of a similar antiquity has been discovered to prove their relationship to the Irish Apostle.
w MachuL — He was St. Mochai, of Endrom, in Loch Cuan, one of St. Patrick's earliest con- verts, to whom he gave a copy of the Gospels and what was called a Ministeir, or portable re- liquary : " Baptizavit eum ac totondit, et dedit ei Evangelium> et Ministeir." — Vita Sec., c. 32.
* May the Trinity. — In the book of Lecan, the poem of Flann on St. Patrick's household con- cludes thus :
449-]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
141
Cribri and Lasrar, of mantles, beautiful daughters of Gleaghrann.
Macraith the wise, and Ercs, — he prophesied in his three wills.
Brogan', the scribe of his school ; the priest Logha", his helmsman, —
It is not a thing unsung, — and Machui™ his true fosterson.
Good the man whose great family they were, to whom God gave a crozier
without sorrow ;
Chiefs with whom the bells are heard, a good family was the family of Patrick. May the Trinity1, which is powerful over all, distribute to us the boon of great
love ; The king who, moved by soft Latin, redeemed by Patrick's prayer.
The Age of Christ, 449. The twenty-first year of Laeghaire. Amhal- ghaidhy, s^on of Fiachra, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, died. From him Tir-Amhalghaidh [is named].
The Age of Christ, 453. The twenty-fifth year of Laeghaire. A great defeat [was given] by Laeghaire to the Leinstermen.
The Age of Christ, 454. The twenty-sixth year of Laeghaire. The feast of Teamhair [was celebrated] by Laeghaire, son of Niall.
"Q nimpioi pn le piano, co pia pochpaic can
impall,
Co mine icep plaiciB niriie, ac maichiB na muinnpe."
" These" [saints] " are implored by Flann, that
he may obtain reward without doubt, With meekness amongst the nobles4bf heaven, through the chiefs of this family."
Dr. O'Conor says that he does not know whence the Four Masters copied this poem. It is not contained in either of the Dublin copies, and Dr. O'Conor's printed copy of it is corrupted to agree with his own idea of the meaning. The copy of Flann's poem preserved in the Book of Lecan, fol. 44, b., is much better and more co- pious, and contains the names of several officers of Patrick's household not mentioned in Evin's list, or even in the prose list prefixed to the poem itself in the.Book of Lecan, such as Cromdumhan,
his mucaibe, or swineherd ; his three builders, Caemhan, Cruithnech, and Luchraidh ; his three physicians, Sechnan, Ogma, Aithemail ; his libra- rian, Setna, the Pious, son of Corcran, &c., &c. Ussher quotes this poem (Primordia, p. 895), as written in very ancient Irish verses, giving a catalogue of St. Patrick's domestics, as authority for the existence of a Senex Patricius, ceano a ppuichi penopach, who died, according to the Annals of Connaught, in the year 454.
y Amhcdghaidh. — He was King of Connaught about the year 434, when he was converted to Christianity by St. Patrick, together wi{h 12,000 men. — See Genealogies, fyc., ofHy-Fiach- racfi, pp. 310, 462. See also, for the oldest ac- count of this conversion, the Book of Armagh, fol. 10, 11 ; Ussher's Primordia, p. 864. The territory of Tir-Amhalghaidh, now the barony of Tirawley, on the west of the River Moy, in the county of Mayo, derived its name from him.
142
[456.
8. Upaille Gppucc a Chill Upaille hi Lipe [oecc] fleun. du^pc.
Cfoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD caocca ape. Ct hochc pichfc Do Laojaipe. 6nDa, mac Cacba&a, Oecc.
doip Cpiopc, cfirpe ceo caoja a peachc. Q naoi pichfc Do Laojaipe. Cach Ctcha Dapa pia Caijmb pop Laojaipe, mac Nell. Ro jabab Dna Caojaipe ipm each pin,-) DO paD Caojaipe pacha gpene •] gaoiche,-) na noul DO Laijnib nac ciocpab poppa cpia bichu, ap a legaD ua&a.
QpD TTlacha opochuccab la Naom pacpaicc mp na fohbaipc Do 6 Ohaipe mac pionncaba mic Gogham mic Niallain. T?o hoiponroh Da pip Decc laip ppi cumoac an baile. T?o chionchoipcc Doib cfcup, cachaip aipoeppcoip Do 6fnam ipuiDe, -] ecclup DO manchaib, -| Do chailleacha, -| DupDaib oile apchfna Doigh po pinDpiom combab pi buD cfnn, -] bub clfiche oeccailpib Gpfnn a coicchinne.
Sean pacpaicc Do paoibfoh a ppiopaioe.
z Oil- Usaille : i. e. the Church of Auxilius, now Killossy, near Naas, in the county of Kil- dare. No part of the old church of Killossy now remains, but there is a part of an ancient round tower, with a square base, attached to the modern church, which bespeaks the anti- quity of the place. — See Ussher's Primordia, pp. 826, 827 ; and Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, p. 658. The Annals of Ulster place the death of Auxilius in the year 460, which is the cor- rect date.
' Ath-dara: i. e. the Ford of the Oak. In the Irish historical tract called Borumha-Laighean, this ford is described as on the Kiver Bearbha, [Barrow] in the plain of Magh-Ailbhe. There was a earn erected on the brink of the river, in which the heads of the slaughtered forces of Leath-Chuinn were interred. The notice of this battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster, under the year 458, as follows:
" An. 458. Car Qra oapa pop 6aojaipe pe taijnib, in quo et ipse captus est, sed tune dimis- sus est, jurans per Solem et Vmtum se loves eis dimissurum,n i. e. " The battle of Ath-dara"
[was gained] " over Laeghaire by the Leinster- men, in which he himself was taken prisoner ; but he was then set at liberty, swearing by the Sun and the Wind that he would remit them the Borumha." Mageoghegan gives it as fol- lows, in English, in his Annals of Clonmacnoise :
" The Lynstermen fought the battle of Ath- dara against King Lagerie, wherein King La- gerie himself was taken captive, and his army altogether overthrown ; but the King was en- larged uppn his oath by the Sun and Moon (which was solemnly sworn by him) to restore them their cows."
Here it is quite evident that Mageoghegan translated this last clause, " to restore them their cows," from a Latin original: "seboves eis dimissurum." But this is clearly not the meaning intended by the original annalist. In the account of this battle preserved in Ledbhar na h- Uidhri, fol. 76, b. 2, it is stated that Laeghaire swore by the Sun and Moon, the Water and the Air, Day and Night, Sea and Land, that he would never again, during life, demand the Bo- rumean tribute of the Leinstermen. ' Connn
456.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
143
Saint Usaille, Bishop of Cill Usaillez, in Liffe, [died] on the twenty-seventh of August.
The Age of Christ, 456. The twenty-eighth year of Laeghaire. Enda, son of Cathbhadh, died.
The Age of Christ, 45J. The twenty-ninth year of Laeghaire. The battle of Ath-daraa [was fought] against the Leinstermen by Laeghaire, son of Niall. Laeghaire was taken in that battle ; and Laeghaire took oaths by the Sun and the Wind, and [all] the elements, to the Leinstermen, that he would never come against them, after setting him at liberty.
Ard-Macha" was founded by Saint Patrick, it having been granted to him by Daire, son. of Finnchadh0, son of Eoghan, son of Niallan. Twelve men were appointed by him for building the town. He ordered them, in the first place, to erect an archbishop's cityd there, and a church for monks, for nuns, and for the other orders in general, for he perceived that it would be the head and chief of the churches of Ireland in general.
Old Patrick6 yielded his spirit.
in m&opomi c£m bao beo.' And this is the true meaning even of the Latin, ' se boves eis dimissurum.' "
b Ard-Macha: i.e. the Height of Macha, a woman's name. Some say that she was Macha, the wife of Nemhidh. — See Magh- Macha, p. 1 0, note w, supra ; but others will have it that she was the more celebrated Macha Mongruadh, the foundress of the royal fortEmania, near Armagh. Ussher (Primordia, p. 854) thought that the name was compounded of ard, high, and mocha, a field ; but no Irish scholar ever gave it that interpretation. The Annals of Ulster refer the foundation of Armagh to the year 444 :
" A. D. 444. Ardmachafundata est. Ab urbe condita usque ad- hunc urbem fundatum MCXCIV." — See also Ussher's Primordia, pp. 854, 855, et seq.; and Colgan's Trias Thanm., p. 293.
c Daire, son of Finnchadh This Daire, who
was chief of Regio Orientalium, now the Oriors, in the county of Armagh, was a descendant of Colla Dachrich. From his uncle, Muireadhach,
son of Eoghan, son of Niallan, the O'Hanlons of Crioch-na-nOirther, now the baronies of Orior, in the county of Armagh, are descended.
d An archbishop's city — For a curious account of the erection of Armagh the reader is referred to the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, as published by Colgan, part iii. c. 78, Trias Thaum., p. 164.
' Old Patrick — In the poem of Flann on the household of St. Patrick, as preserved in the Book of Lecan, fol. 44, b, and as quoted by Ussher (Primord. p. 895), he is made the head of St. Patrick's seniors : " Caput sapientum seniorum ejus."
The Annals of Connaught, as quoted by Ussher, refer his death to the year 453, and the Annals of Ulster to 457- According to the Feilire-Aenguis, this Sean Phadruig, or older Patrick, was the tutor of the great Apostle of Ireland ; and the glossographer adds that he was the Patrick of Glastonbury — See Petrie's Antiquities of Tara Hill, p. 73. Dr. Lanigan scoffs at the idea of the existence of any other
144
[458.
doip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo, caocca a hochc. lap mbfic ofic mbliabra pichfc hi pijhe nGpeann Do Laojaipe mac NeU Naoigiallaij; acbac i rcaob Caippi eoip Gpinn -\ dlbain .1. Da cnoc laDpi&e pilfc in Uib paoldin,-] spian -] gaoch pop mapbpom ap pa papaij IOD. ConiD Do pin acbfpc an pill,
Qcbach Laojaipe mac Nell ' pop caob caippi glap a cfp Duile De aDpaejaio paich rucpar Dail mbaip poppan pigh.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo caocca anaoi. Ctn ceio bliaoain DOilill TTlolr, mac Oachi, mic piachpach, hi pije nGpenn.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo peapcca a DO. Qn cfcparhaD bliaoam oOilill. Oomhanjopc mac Nippi Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD peapca acpi. Qn cuicceab bbabain oOilill. peip Ceampa la hOilill TTlolc an bliabainpi.
St. Patrick except the great Apostle of Ireland, but he is evidently over-sceptical.
' Thirty years O'Flaherty says that the
thirty years allowed to his reign must be un- derstood as subsequent to the conversion of the Irish to Christianity : " Ut in Codice Lecano (foL 306, a) ita Latine explicatur : Triginta annis regnum Hibernice post advenlum Patridi tenuit." — Ogygia, p. 249. "With this account the cu- rious computation of Tirechan, in the Book of Armagh, very nearly accords, as follows :
" A passione autem Christi cotteguntur anni 436, usque ad mortem Patridi. Duobus autem vel v. annis regnavit Loiguire post mortem Patridi. Omnis autem regniillius tempos xxxvi. utputarnus." — fol. 9, a. 2.
6 He died. — According to the historical tract called the BorumJia Leaghan, Laeghaire, in two years and a half after swearing by the elements that he would never again demand the Borumha, made an incursion into Leinster and seized a prey of cows at Sidh-Neachtain, where the Boyne has its source ; but as he advanced to the side of
Caissi, the elements wreaked their vengeance upon him, that is, the Air forsook him, the Sun burned him, and the Earth swallowed him. His death is entered in the Annals of Clonmacnoise as follows :
" King Lagerie died an ill death. Some say he sunk down in the Earth between the two hills, neer the River of Liffie, called Ireland and Scotland, but the most part agree that he was stroken dead at a place called Taev Caisy, neere the Liffie, by the Wynde and Sun, for forswear- ing himself to the Lynstermen, for the restitu- tion of the Cowes, which he was sworne to per- forme at the time of his captivity. He died about the year 458."
The Annals of Tighernach and the Annals of Ulster state that Laeghaire met his death at Greallach Gaifill [or Daphill], in Campo-Life, between the hills Ere and Alba, and that the Leinstermen asserted that the Sun and the Wind killed him.
In the very curious account of the death of Laeghaire, preserved in the Lealhar-na h Uidhri,
458.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
145
The Age of Christ, 458. After Laeghaire, the son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, had been thirty yearsf in the sovereignty of Ireland, he diedg by the side of Caissi, between Eire and Alba, i. e. two hills which are in Ui-Faelain ; and [it was] the Sun and the Wind that killed him, because he had violated them. Concerning which the poet said :
Laeghaire, son of Niall", died
On the side of Caissi, green its land ;
The elements of God, whose guarantee he had violated,
Inflicted the doom of death upon the king.
The Age of Christ, 459. The first year of Oilioll Molt, son of Dathi, son of Fiachra, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 462. The fourth year of Oilioll. Domhangort1, son^ of Nissi, died.
The Age of Christ, 463. The fifth year of Oilioll. The feast of Teamhair* [was celebrated] by Oilioll Molt this year.
it is stated that it had been prophesied to him that he would come by hia death between Ere and Alba [Ireland and Scotland], for which reason he [unlike his father, Niall] never went on any naval expedition, that he went a second time, without regard to his oaths, with a great army, against the Leinstermen, to demand the Borumean tribute ; but that, when he reached Greallach-Daphill, by the side of Cassi, in Magh Liphi, between the two hills, Ere and Alba, he was killed by the Sun and the Wind, and the other elements by which he had sworn. It is further stated that the body of Laeghaire was afterwards carried to Tara, and interred with his weapons upon him in the south-east of the external rampart of Eath-Laeghaire, at Tara, with his face turned towards the Lagenians, as if in the attitude of fighting with them. The fact of his body being so interred is also men- tioned in the Annotations of Tireachan, in the Book of Armagh, and it is added that Laeghaire could not believe in the Christian religion,
because he had made a promise to his father, Niall, that he would not swerre.from the Pagan customs :
" Sed non potuit credere dicens : Nam Neel pater meus non sinivit mini credere, sed ut sepeliar in cacuminibus Temro, quasi viris con- sistentibus in bello : quia utuntur Gentiles in sepulchris armati prumptis armis facie ad faciem usque ad diem Erdathe apud Magos, id est, judicii diem Domini." — fol. 1 0, a, 2. See Petrie's Antiquities of Tara Hill, pp. 145, 146.
b Laeghaire, son of Niall. — This quatrain is also quoted in Leabhar-na-hUidhri, but the author's name is nowhere mentioned.
' Domhangort He was King of Alba, or
Scotland, according to the Ann. of Clon.
k The feast of Teamhair. — Thus noticed in the Annals of Ulster : " Cena Temra la hAilill Molt, Sic in Libro Cuanach inveni." And in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, as follows : " King Oilill Molt made the Great Feast of Taraghe, called Feis-Taragh."
146
[464.
Chip Cpiope, cecpe cheo pfpcca a cfeaip. Qn peipeab bliabain oOilill. Car Duma Clichip pia Laijnib pop Cdlill Hlolc.
Conall ^ulban, mac Neill Naoijiallaij, (o ccdcc Cenel cConaill) Do mapbab la pfn cuachaib Hlaije plechc lap na pojbdil i mbaojal, -\ a aona- cal i ppio&nac TTlhaije Rein, la Naom Caillm, arhail aipneibfp beaca an
naoirh perhpaice.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceicpe ceo peapccac a cuicc. Ctn peaccrhab blmDain DOilill ITlolc. Peip Ceampa la hOilill ITlolc.
Gojan.mac Neill Naoijiallaij, (6 ccaccCenel nGojain), oecc Do chumaib Chonaill ^hulban, mic Neill Naoijiallaig,-] a abnacal i nUipge caofn i nlmp Gojam, oia nebpab.
Qcbac 6ojan, mac Neill, pe oeopaib, bd maic a maoin, cpe ecc Chonaill na ccleap ccpuaib, 50 ppuil a uaij i nUipcce caoin.
Cpiomcann, mac 6nt>a Cenpelai j, pi Laijfn, DO mapbao la mac a injine bubein, .1. GochaiD ^u'11^" Do ^1D baippce.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceichpe ceo peapcca a pe. Q hochc oOilill. peip Ueampa la hOilill ITlolc.
Qoip Cpiopr, cfirpe cheo peapcca a peace. Qnaoi oOilill mole, beneri, mac Seipccnem, eppcop QpDa maca, DO paoibfo a ppiopaicce.
i Dumha-Aichir : i. e. Aicher's or Heber's mound. Not identified.
m The Cinel-Conaill: i. e. the Race of Conall, i. e. the O'Donnells, and their correlative fami- lies in Tirconnell, or the county of Donegal.
n Magh-Slecht. — According to the Book of Fenagh, Conall Gulban was killed by the Mas- raidhe, an ancient tribe of the Firbolgs, who were seated in the plain of Magh Slecht (around Ballymagauran, in the north-west of the county of Cavan). He had gone upon a predatory ex- cursion into their territory, and seized upon a great prey of horses; but he was pursued and overtaken at Loch Saloch, near Fenagh, in the county of Leitrim, where he was slain and
buried — See note % at A. M. 3656, p. 43, supra.
° Saint Caillin. — This is clearly an anachro- nism, and is a fabrication of the writer of the Life of St. Caillin, preserved in the Book of Fenagh. St. Caillin was contemporary with St. Columbkille, and could not have been born in the year 464, much less abbot of Fenagh in Magh-Rein.
p Cinel-JEoghain : i. e. the Race of Eoghan. These were the O'Neills, Mac Loughlins, and their correlatives in Tyrone.
q Uisce- Chain. — Now anglice Eskaheen. This is the name of au old chapel near a beautiful well from which the name is derived, in a town-
464.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 147
The Age of Christ, 464. The sixth year of Oilioll. The battle of Dumha- Aichir' [was fought] by the Leinstermen, against Oilioll Molt.
Conall Gulban, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages (from whom are descended the Cinel-Conaillm), was slain by the old tribes of Magh-Slechtn, he having been found unprotected, and was buried at Fidhnach-Maighe-Rein, by Saint Caillin0, as the Life of the aforesaid saint relates.
The Age of Christ, 465. The seventh year of Oilioll Molt. The feast of Teamhair [was celebrated] by Oilioll Molt.
Eoghan, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages (from whom are descended the Cinel-Eoghainp), died of grief for Conall Gulban, son of Niall of the Nine Hos- tages, and was buried at Uisce-Chainq, in Inis-Eoghain ; concerning which was
said :
Eoghan, son of Niall, died
Of tears, — good his nature, —
In consequence of the death of Conall, of hard feats,
So that his grave is at Uisce-Chain.
Crimhthann', son of Enda Censelach, King of Leinster, was killed by the son of his own daughter, i. e. Eochaidh Guineach, [one] of the Ui-Bairrche*.
The Age of Christ, 466. The eighth year of Oilioll Molt.
The Age of Christ, 467. The ninth year of Oilioll Molt. Benen', son of Sescnen, Bishop of Ard-Macha [Armagh], resigned his spirit.
land of the same name, in the barony of Inis- it will be shewn from authorities of great anti-
Eoghan [Inishowen], in the county of Donegal, quity, he fought at the battle of Ocha in 482 or
The grave of Eoghan is not known there at 483, q. v.
present. Colgan says that Uske-chaoin was, in * Ui-Bairrche : i. e. the descendants of Daire
his own time, a chapel, but that it was anciently Barrach, the second son of Cathaeir Mor, Mo-
a monastery. — See Trias Thaum., p. 495, col. 1. narch of Ireland in the second century. They
It is the birth-place of the celebrated Janus were seated in the barony of Slewmargy, in the
Janius Eoganesius, or John Toland, whose real Queen's County, and possessed also some of
name was O'Tuathalain, and of whom there are the adjoining districts — See Leabhar-na-gCeart,
still very vivid traditions preserved in the p. 212, note k.
neighbourhood. — See Harris's edition of Ware's 'Benen: i'. e. Benignus. The death ofBe-
Writers of Ireland, p. 278 and p. 281, line 3. nignus is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the
'Crimhthann. — According to the Annals of same year: " Quies Benigni Episcopi, successoris
Clonmacnoise he was killed in the battle of Patricii." — See note w, under the year 432,
Ardcorran; but this is clearly a mistake, for, p. 136, supra.
u2
148
Rioghachca
[468.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceicpe cheo peapcca a hochc. Q haon nOecc t>Oilill. Oopnjal 6pi 6le pop Laijnib pm nOilill TTlolc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceicpe cheo peaccmojacc. Qn Oapa bliaOam Oecc oOilill. Cach Ourha Qicip pop Ctilill TTIolc pm LaijmB.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceicpe cheo peachcmojacc aoo. Qn cfcpamab bliaoain Decc oOilill. Uoca, mac Qo6a, mic Sfnaij, caoipeac Cpiche Cualann hi oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo peaccmojac a cfcaip. Q pe Oecc bOilitl. Gipc, mac Gachach TTluinpearhaip, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopr, cficpe ceo peaccmojac a cuicc. Q peace Decc DOilill. Conall Cpemcoinn, mac Nell Naoijiallaij, op cinpfc clanna Colmain -\ Sfol Qo6a Slaine Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo peaccmojac ape. Q hochc Oecc oOilill. Cac £)panaipo pia nGochaib, mac Coipppe, mic Oililla, mic Ounlaing, mic Gnoa Nia6, pop pijh Laijfn, Ppaoc, mac pionncaba, mic ^appcon, mic pochaib, mic Gachoach LdmDoiO, mic TTlepin Cuipb, •] Do cfp Ppaoch ipuiDe.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceO peaccmojac a hochc. lap mbeich piche bliaDam
u The boxing battle — This battle, which ap- pears to have been nothing more than a boxing match between the pugilistic champions of Leinster and Meath, is noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 473, as " Dopnjal 6pt 6le ;" but it is again entered under the year 475, as, "£eUum Bri-Ele, sic in Libra Cuanach invent;" and again under 478. There can scarcely, how- ever, be a doubt that the three entries refer to the one battle only, and that the difference of date is owing to their having been transcribed from different authorities. In the old English translation of the Annals of Ulster, preserved in the British Museum, Claren. torn. 49, Ayscough, 4795, the term t)opn jal is translated " the handle skirmish." It may be here observed that the wrestling matches, which continued to be carried on in the Phoenix Park, between the men of Meath and Kildare, and which sometimes terminated in boxing matches, would seem to
have been a continuation of this Dornghal.
w Bri-Ele — This place is now called the hill of Croghan, and is situated in the north-east of the King's County, close to the boundary of Westmeath. — See note ', under A. D. 1385. It is stated in the Book of Lecan, fol. 175, p. a, col. b, that this hill received its name from Eile, daughter of Eochaidh Feidhleach, Monarch of Ireland, and wife, first of Ferghal, son of Ma- gach, and afterwards of Sraibhgenn, son of Niul, one of the Ernaans of Munster.
* Dumha-Aichir. — This is a repetition. See A. D. 464. In the Annals of Ulster it is entered under the year 468, thus : "Helium Dumai- Aichir, pop Oilill THolc, sicut invent in Libra Cuanach." And again under the years 474 and 476.
y Crioch- Cualann — A territory included, for the most part, in the present county of Wicklow. The territory of Feara-Cualann, or Fercoulen, the limits of which are denned in an Inquisition
468.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
149
The Age of Christ, 468. The eleventh year of Oilioll. The boxing-battle" of Bri-Ele" against the Leinstermen, by Oilioll Molt.
The Age of Christ, 470. The twelfth year of Oilioll. The battle of Dumha- Aichir* against Oilioll Molt, by the Leinstermen.
The Age of Christ, 472. The fourteenth year of Oilioll. Toca, son of Aedh, son of Senach, chief of Crioch-Cualann", in Leinster, died.
The Age of Christ, 474. The sixteenth year of Oilioll. Eire2, son of Eochaidh Muinreamhar, died.
The Age of Christ, 475. The seventeenth year of Oilioll. Conall Cremh- thoinn", son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, from whom are sprung the Clann Colmain, and race of Aedh Slaine", died.
The Age of Christ, 476. The eighteenth year of Oilioll. The battle of Granard0 by Eochaidh, son of Cairbre, son of Oilioll, son of Dunking, son of Enda Niadh, against the King of Leinster, Fraech, son of Finnchadh, son of Garchu, son of Fothadh, son of Eochaidh Lamhdoidh, son of Mesincorb ; and Fraech fell therein.
The Age of Christ, 478. After Oilioll Molt, son of Dathi, son of Fiachra,
taken at Wicklow on the 26th of April, 1636, appears to have been coextensive with the ma- nor of Powerscourt, in the barony of Half Rath- down, in the north of the county of Wicklow ; but anciently the territory of Cualann was more extensive. It appears from the Feilire-Aenguis that the churches of Tigh-Conaill (Stagonnell), Tigh-mic-Dimmai, and Dunmor, and from the Leabhar-Laighneach, preserved in the Book of Lecan, fol. 93-109, that Senchill, now Shank- hill, near Bray, were situated in this territory.
* Eire — He is the ancestor of the Dalriadic kings of Scotland — See Ussher's Primord., Ind. Chron., and O'Flaherty's Ogygia, p. 465.
a Conall Cremhthainn. — He is the ancestor of the O'Melaghlins, who bore the tribe-name of Clann-Colmain, and of other families formerly powerful in Meath. From this Conall seventeen Irish monarchs descended. The Annals of Ulster record his death at the year 470, under which Dr. O' Conor observes in a note that the terri-
tory of Tirconall derived its name from him; but this is contrary to all the Irish genealogists and historians, who are unanimous in stating that Tir-Conaill derived its name from his bro- ther, Conall Gulban. — Ogygia, iii. c. 85.
*• Race of Aedh Slaine — There were nine Monarchs of'Ireland of the race of this Aedh Slaine, who was himself Monarch of Ireland from A. D. 599 to 605. After the establish- ment of surnames, the chief family of his race took the surname of O'Kelly Breagh, and were seated in the great plain of Bregia, in the east of ancient Meath See Ogygia, iii. c. 93, p. 430.
c Granard This is the Granard in the
county of Longford ; but the Four Masters have evidently given Gairbre a wrong genealogy. In the Annals of Ulster, " Helium primum Gra- nearad" is entered under the year 485, and it is stated that "Cairbre mac Neill Naigiallaig victor erat." In the Clarendon copy the reading is : " Bdlum primum circa Granearad. Cairbre mac-
150
[479-
hi pishe nGpeann oOilill TTlolc, mac Oaci, mic piachpac, DO cheap i ccach Ocha la Lu^haib, mac Laojaipe, la TTluipcfpcach mac Gapcca -\ la Pep£up Ceppbel, mac Comxill CpfmcainDe, -| la piacpa, mac Laojaipe, pi Dal nQpaioe, -| la Cpfmcann, mac Gnoa Cennpelaij pi Caijfn. Op Don chup pin DO paca t>piachpa na Lee ~\ Caiploejh iccioppocpaicc in caca. Qp Don each pin acbfpc 6 fee mac Oe.
TTlop chach Ocha peappaicip imopalca cacha lie pop Oilill TTlolc, mac Nachf, meabaiD pia nDdl Qpai&e.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo pfchcmojac anaoi. Qn ceo bliaDain Do Lujaib, mac Caojaipe, op Gpmn i pije.
Qoip Cpiopc, cfifpe ceD ochcmojac. Qn Dapa bliaDam Do LughaiD. Cach 5ranairD a CC1P ^aijfn eicip laijnib pfipin, Du in pomapba6pionncha&, cijfpna Ua Cennpealaij, la Coipppe.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceicpe ceo ochcmojac ahaon. Qn cpeap bliaDam Do Cujhaib. .8. laplaiche, mac Upfna, eppcop QpDa TTlacha, DO paomfoh a ppiopaice.
Neill Naigiallaig victor erat; in quo cedidit Fin- guine jilius Erce ; et victor erat, ut alii dicunt, Crimthan mac Enna Cinselaig."
d The battle of Ocha. — Animosus, author of the fourth Life of St. Bridget, published by Colgan, states (lib. ii. c. 12), that lolland, son of Dunluing, King of Leinster, slew Oilioll Molt, King of Ireland, near Themoria or Tara. The notice of this battle is entered under the year 482, and again under 483, in the Annals of Ulster, as follows, in the old translation in the Clarendon manuscript, torn. 49:
" 482. Bellum Oche, in quo cecidit Ailill Molt manu Lugh mic Laogaire, et Murierti mic Erca. A Concobaro filio Nessa usque ad Cormac filium Art anni 308. A Cormac usque ad hoc bellum 206, ut Guana scripsti."
" 483. Jugulatio Crimthain, mac Enna Cen-
selaich, Regis Lagenie, mic Bressail Bealaich, mic Cathair Moir. Et hoc anno the battle [called] Cath Ocha, secundum alias, by Lugad and by Murtagh mac Erca, and by Fergus Cervail, mac Connell Crimthain, and by Fiachra Lon, the King of Dal-Araide."
The accounts of the death of this monarch are various and conflicting, for which see Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 565, col. 1, not. 8, 9. The Life of St. Kieran states, that Oilioll Molt was slain in the battle of Ocha, in Meath, by Crimhthann, King of Leinster : " Ex his obiter advertendum eos graviter errare, qui scribunt hunc Crim- thannum occubuisse anno 465, cum multis postea revolutis annis prsedicto prrelio inter- fuit." — Colgan. To this it may be added that, according to the ancient historical tract called Borumha-Laighean, Crimhthann, son of Enna,
479-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 151
had been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain in the battle of Ochad, by Lughaidh, son of Laeghaire, Muircheartach Mac Earca, Fearghirs Cerrbhel, son of Conall Cremththainne, Fiachra, son of Laeghaire, King of Dal-Araidhe, and Cremhthann, son of Enna Cennsealach, King of Leinster. It was on this occasion that the Lee and Cairloegh6 were given to Fiachra as a territorial reward for the battle. It was of this battle Beg Mac Def said :
The great battle of Ocha was fought, In which many battalions were cut off, Against Oilioll Molt, son of Nathi, Who was defeated by the Dal-Araidhe.
The Age of Christ, 479. The first year of Lughaidh5, son of Laeghaire, in sovereignty over Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 480. The second year of Lughaidh. The battle of Granard", in the land of Leinster, between the Leinstermen themselves, wherein Finnchadh, Lord of Ui-Cennsealaigh, was slain by Cairbre.
The Age of Christ, 481. The third year of Lughaidh. Saint Jarlaithe', son of Treana, Bishop of Ard-Macha [Armagh], resigned his spirit.
slew Oilioll Molt in the battle of Ocha. tered thus :
* Lee and Cairloegh. — This is probably a mis- " A. D. 497. The battle of Graine, where
take for Lee and Ard-Eolairg. The territory of Moriertagh mac Ercka had the victory. There
Lee was on the west side of the River Bann, and was another battle of Graine, between Lynster-
included in the present barony of Coleraine, in men themselves, fought, where Finncha, King
the county of , Londonderry ; but that called of O'Keansely, was slain, and Carbrey had the
Cairloegh, or Ard-Eolairg, is unknown to the victory." Editor. — See note under the year 557- In the Annals of Ulster " Bellwn primum
f Beg Mac De : i. e. Beccus, the son of Dea or Granearad" is entered first under the year 485,
Dagseus, a celebrated Irish prophet, who died and again under 486, " Vel hie, primum bellum
in the year 557, q. v. Graine ;" and under A. D. 492, " Bellum secun-
8 The first year of Lughaidh. — " A. D. 484. dum Granairet." The place is now called Grane,
Inicium regni Lugaid mic Laegaire, hoc anno." and is situated in the north of Kildare. — Annals of Ulster. ' Jarlaithe. — He was the third bishop of Ar-
b The battle of Granard. — Granard is here a magh, and died, according to the Annals of
mistake of transcribers for Graine, as appears Ulster, in 481. — See Colgan's Acta Sanctorum,
from the ancient historical tract called Borumha- p. 307. He is to be distinguished from St. Jar-
Laighean, and from the Annals of Clonmacnoise, lath of Tuam — See Harris's edition of Ware's
in which the two battles fought there are en- Bishops, pp. 35, 36.
152 aNNdta Rio§nacnca eiReaNN. [487.
Goip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo ochcmojar apeacc. Gn naomab bliabam Do Oughaib. Nel, Gappoc Gpoachaib i cceacba, oeipcipul pacpaicc, oecc.
Goip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo ochcmojac a hochc. Qn oeachmab bliabam DO Lujhaib. Cianctn, eppoc Doirhliacc, oecc.
Goip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo ochcmojac anaoi. Gn caonrhab bliabam 065 oo tughaib. TTlaccaille eppoc oecc. Gongup, mac Nacppaoich, pi TTluman, DO cuicim hi ccach Chellopnab la TTluipcfpcach TTlac Gapca, la hlollann macOunlaing, lahGilill, macOunlaing,-] lahGochaib n^uinfch Dia nebpaoh,
Gcbach cpaob, oopbile noip,
Gongup molbchach, mac Nacppaoich, paccbab la hi llano a pach hi ccac Cell Opnaoha claom.
k Md, Bishop of Ard-achadh — He was the first bishop of Ardagh, in the county of Long- ford, and a disciple of St. Patrick.
1 Cianan, Bishop of Doimhliag : i. e. of Duleek, in Meath. It is stated in the Annals of Tigher- nach, and in those of Ulster, that St. Patrick presented him with a copy of the Gospels : " A. D. 488. — Quies Sancti Cianani, cui Sanctus Patricius Evangelium largitus eat." The name doimhliag or daimliag signifies a stone building; and the first stone church ever erected in Ire- land is believed to have given name to this place ; and it looks very curious that, although Daimhliag was a common name for a stone church, still it has not entered into the topo- graphical names like Cill or teamputt, this of Duleek, in Meath, being the only instance now to be found. — See Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of the Round Towers of Ireland, pp. 138 to 141.
m Bishop Maccaille. — He is said to have been one of the nephews of St. Patrick, by his sister Darerca. Tirechan states that St. Bridget of Kildare received the veil from his hands at Uisneach, in Meath ; and the Calendar of Cashel, as quoted by Colgan (Trias Thaum.,
p. 525), that his festival was kept on the 25th of April, at " Cruach-an-Bri-Eile, in Ifalgia." This place is still well known, and the ruins of the church of St. Maccaille are to be seen on the eastern side of the conspicuous hill of Croghan, near Tyrrell's Pass, on the confines of the King's County and the county of Westmeath.
n Battle of Cill- Osnadha. — The notice of this battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster thus : " A. D. 489. Bettwn Cinn Losnado, ubi cecidit Aengus, filius Natfraich, righ Mumhan, lit Guana scripsit." The place called Cell-Osnada, or Ceann-losnada, is described by Keating (in regimine Oiliolli Molt) as situated in the plain of Magh-Fea, four miles east of Leighlin, in the county of Carlow. This place is now called Kelliston, and is situated in the barony of Forth, in the county of Carlow ; and there ex- ists among the old natives of the place a most curious and remarkably vivid tradition of this battle, which explains the Irish name of the place as denoting " church of the groans ;" and which it received, according to this tradition, from the lamentations of the Munster-women after the loss of their husbands and brothers in the battle. This, however, though a very na-
487.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
153
The Age of Christ, 487. The ninth year of Lughaidh. Mel, Bishop of Ard-achadhk, in Teathbha, disciple of Patrick, died.
The Age of Christ, 488. The tenth year of Lughaidh. Cianan, Bishop of Doimhliag1, died.
The Age of Christ, 489. The eleventh year of Lughaidh. Bishop Mac- caillem, died. Aenghus, son of Nadfraech, King of Munster, fell in the battle of Cell-0snadhan [fought against him] by Muircheartach Mac Earca, by Illann, son of Dunking, by Ailill, son of Dunlaing, and by Eochaidh Guineach, of which was said :
Died the branch, the spreading tree0 of gold, Aenghus the laudable, son of Nadfraech, His prosperity was cut off by Illann, In the battle of Cell-Osnadha the foul.
tural turn for tradition to have given it, is not the true form of the name, for it appears, from an ancient historical tale preserved in Leabhar na-h Uidhri, that it was first written Ceann-Los- nada, which is also the form of the name given in the Annals of Ulster. This was once a place of considerable importance, and contained, till about fifty years ago, considerable remains of an ancient church and Cloigtheach, or round tower, but which are now all effaced. — See the Anthologia Hibernica, voL iv. p. 105.
St. Kieran, the patron of the men of Ossory, is said to have predicted to Eithne, the queen of Aenghus Mac Nadfraich, that she and her lord would fall in this battle in consequence of a crime of a disgraceful nature which she at- tempted to commit. The prophecy of St. Kieran was delivered in general terms, thus : " Tu enim, filia, et Dominus noster Rex, uno die, occidemini ab inimicis vestris : sed det Dominus vobis mi- sericordiam." But the writer of the Saint's Life (apud Colgan, Ada Sanctorum, p. 460) goes to shew that it was fulfilled in the battle of Ceall-Osnaidh, as follows :
" Quod vaticinatus est sanctus Pontifex Kie-
ranus, ita contigit : Ipse enim Rex Aenghus in bello quod commissum est in campo Fea, in provincia Lageniensium juxta grandem villam Ceall-Osnaidh, cum sua uxore Regina, occisus est a Rege Aquilonalium Lageniensium, Illando filio Dunlaingh, 8 Idus Octobris. Et hsec cedes maxima abusio erat : et ipsa Regina Eithnea Huathach vocabatur, quse erat filia Crymthani filii Endcei Kimealaigh; qui Crymthan multum subjugavit Aquilonales Lagenienses, accepto Rege magno Hibernias, postquam ille in gravi bello Ocha, in regione Media, occidit Alildum Molt, Regem Hibernise."
0 Spreading tree — This Aenghus, who was the first Christian King of Munster, is the common ancestor of the families of Mac Garthy, O'Keefe, O'Callaghan, and O'Sullivan, now so widely spread in Ireland, England, and America, and even on the Continent of Europe, where some of them bear coronets. If the saplings of this " spreading tree of gold," Aenghus Mac Nad- fraich, could now be reckoned in the different countries in which they have pullulated, it would appear that they are vastly numerous, and that, as the multiplication of a race is a blessing, King
154
[492.
Cach Taillcfn pop Laigmb pia cCoipppe, mac Nell.
Goip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD nochor aoo. Qn cfchpamaD bliabam Decc DO Lugaib. Cach Slfmna, hi TTIi&e, pia cCoipbpe, mac Nell, pop Lai jmb.
Qoip Cpiopc, ceirpe ceo nochac acpi. Ctn cuicceab bba&ain Decc Do LughaiD. panpaicc, mac Calpuipn, mic POCOIDC, aipoeappuc, ceicc ppiorh- aiD i apoappcol Gpeann, Do cuip an ceo Celepcinup papa Do ppoicfpc poipcela, -) DO pfolab ippi ~\ cpabaib Do ^haoiDealaib, — ape po fcappccap
Aenghus has reaped the full benefit of that "alma benedictio" imparted by St. Patrick when he baptized him at Cashel, and, by a singular mis- take, put his faith to the trial by piercing his foot with the top of his crozier.
p Tailtin. — Now Teltown, on the River Sele or Abha-dhubh, nearly midway between the towns of Kells and Navan, in Meath. In the Annals of Ulster the battle of Tailtin, fought against the Leinstermen by Cairbre, son of Niall, is entered under the year 493. This Cairbre, the son of King Niall, was an obstinate Pagan, and an inveterate enemy to St. Patrick, as we learn from the Tripartite Life, part ii. c. 4:
"Prima autem feria venit Patricius ad Tal- teniam : vbi regiffi nundinse et public! regni ludi et certamina quotannis servari solebant. Ibi- que convenit Carbreum Nielli filium, et Lao- garii Regis fratrem, fratrique animi ferocia et incredulitate similem. Huic cum Sanctus Pa- tricius verbum vita? praedicaret, viamque salutis ostenderet, vir adamantini cordis, non solum recusavit pradicatse veritati, sed viam vitse pro- ponent! machinabatur mortem : et in vicino flu- vio nomine Sele sancti viri socios flagellis ex- cepit, quia Patricius eum appellavit inimicum Dei. Tune vir Dei videns hominem esse inve- terataa malitias, et a Deo reprobatum, ait ad ipsum, Quia Regis coelestis doctrina? restitisti, ejusque suave jugum portare recusasti, de tua stirpe nee regni exurgent pignora ; sed semen tuum semini fratrum tuorum serviet in perpe-
tuum : nee vicinus fluvius, in quo socios meos csecidisti, licet nunc abundet piscibus, vllos un- quam proferet pisces'." — Trias Thaum., p. 1 29-
The descendants of this Cairbre settled in various parts of Ireland, but the most distin- guished of his race were seated in Cairbre- Gabhra, a territory now comprised in the ba- rony of Granard, in the county of Longford, where, according to the Tripartite Life, part ii. c. 30, the sons of this wicked Cairbre received Patrick with honour, and granted him a beau- tiful place, called Granard, for erecting a church. But, according to local tradition, when St. Pa- trick arrived in the mountainous portion of this territory, a certain wicked woman presented him with a hound, served tip in a dish, for his dinner ; which when he examined, he suspected that he had been maliciously presented with an unclean animal, and, kneeling on a certain stone, prayed that God might restore the animal to life ; and, to the astonishment of the assembled multi- tude, a greyhound sprang into life. Patrick or- dered it to be killed on the spot, and then pro- nounced a solemn malediction on the mountainous region, in which this insult was offered to religion, and on the race of Cairbre, its chief. It is still be- lieved by the neighbours that this curse remains over these mountains, which causes them to remain more barren than other Irish mountains, and over the people, which keeps them in a more rude and intractable state than those of any other territory in Ireland.
Notwithstanding this awful curse of the Irish
492.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
155
The battle of Tailtinp against the Leinstermen, by Cairbre, son of Niall.
The Age of Christ, 492. The fourteenth year of Lughaidh. The battle of Sleainhain, in Heath*1 [was fought] by Cairbre, son of Niall, against the Leinstermen.
The Age of Christ, 493. The fifteenth year of Lughaidh. Patrick, son of Calphurn, son of Potaide, archbishop, first primate, and chief apostle of Ireland, whom Pope Celestine the First had sent to preach the Gospel and disseminate religion and piety among the Irish, [was the person] who sepa- rated them from the worship of idols and spectres', who conquered and de-
Apostle upon Cairbre, he had a grandson, Tuathal Maelgarbh, who became monarch of Ireland in 533, and reigned till 544 ; and his descendants, who, after the establishment of surnames, took that of O'Ronain, remained chiefs of Cairbre- Gabhra till the English In- vasion— See the Miscellany of the Irish Ar- chaeological Society, p. 144, note c.
i Sleamhain, in Meath — This is not Slane [a village on the River Boyne], as assumed by Dr. O'Conor (Annals of Ulster, p. 9) ; for Slane, on the Boyne, is called, in Irish, baile Slaine ; but is situated in Westmeath, as appears from the Annals of Clonmacnoise at the year 417. The word rleariiam bears two meanings, at present, in Meath and Ulster, namely, " slimy or slip- pery," and "land bearing elms"; for the elm tree, which, in the south half of Ireland, is called leaman, is called r-leariian in the North.
' Idols and spectres. — St. Patrick destroyed Crom-Cruach, the chief idol of all Ireland, after a great struggle with the Demon ; for some account of which see note ", p. 43, supra ; but we are not told that he had any particular struggle in destroying any other. It would appear, from a quotation given by O'Flaherty, (Ogygia, iii. c. 22.) from the Scholia of Cathal- dus Maguire on the Feilire-Aenguis, that there was an idol preserved at Clogher called Kermand Kelstach, but the Editor never saw the original passage. The Lia Fail was also at Tara in Pa-
trick's time, but we are not told that he made any effort to destroy it. Keating says that the Lia Fail had been struck silent in the reign of Conchobhar, King of Ulster, when Christ was born, and when all the false idols in the world were struck dumb. The only other notice of idols to be found in Patrick's Lives is given by Evinus, who states that when he approached the royal city of Cashel all the idols fell prostrate. " Dum vir apostolicus Regise appropinquaret, omnia urbis idola in faciem prostrata simul in terram corruere." — Vit. Tripart., part iii. c. 29. According to a tradition in the county of Wa- terford, a certain rock near Kilmacthomas, called Clock- Lobhrais, was wont to give responses in Pagan times, and to decide causes with more than human powers of discrimination, and with the strictest adherence to truth and justice; but this good stone, which appears to have been a remnant of the golden age, was finally so horri- fied at the ingenuity of a wicked woman in de- fending her character, that it trembled with horror, and split in twain ! From this and other legends about certain speaking stones in some parts of Ireland, it would appear that the Pagan Druids had recourse to a similar delusion to that practised at Delphi, the famous oracle of which is also said to have been struck dumb at the birth of Christ.
The arrachta or spectres worshipped by the Pagan Irish are now little known. In Tire-
2
156
[493.
miOpiDe ppi ha&paD lo&al i appacc, po copccaip -\ po coimbpip na JiioDla barap aga naDpaD aca. T?o inDapb Deamna -| Dpoc ppipaDa uaiDiB, •] cucc mD 6 Dopca peacaib -] Doailche co poilpi cpeiDim -\ caomshnfom, po rpeo- paij -| po peoaij a nanmanna o Doippibh ippinn (gup a mbacap 05 oul) 50 Doippib placet nime. dpe ona po b'aipe ~\ po bfnDaijj pip, mna, maca, -\ injfna Gpeann, co na ccipib' 1 co na repeabaib, ecip uipcce -| inbfp muipm. Ctp leip DO ponaD cealla, mamipcpeca, q ecclapa lomDa pfcnon Gpeann. Seacc cceD ceall a lion. Qp leip ceccup po hoipDneab eppcoip, pacaipr, -| aop jach spdib ap cfna, pfcc gceO epppoc -| cpf rhfle pagapr a lion. Oo pome pfpra -| mipbaile loniDa, co na cumaing aiccnfb oaonna a cuirhniughaD na a popaichmfc an Do pfghene Do ihaic ip na calmannaib. O po corhpoicc- pij aimpip eicpechca naorii pacpaicc hi Saball, po chochaic copp Chpfopc alarfiaiban naoirh eppcoip Uappach, ipm 122 a aoipi, -) po pai6 a ppipac Do
cum nime.
T?o bai comuoccbail cara i a6bap eapaonca ipin cuicceab 05 impfpam im copp pacpavc lap na eccuibh. Uf Neill -| Qipjialla ace cpiall a cabaipr
chan's Annotations the Sidhe or Dei terreni are referred to, which were clearly our present fairies ; but we have no materials left us to de- termine what the Pagan Irish exactly believed about them. From stories written in Christian times, it would appear that the Sidhe were be- lieved to be the spirits of the Tuatha-De-Dananns, who haunted the different forts and hills where they had held their residences while living.
'Expelled demons, fyc. — For an account of St. Patrick's expulsion of the demons from Cruachan-Aichle, or Croaghpatrick, see the Tri- partite Life of St. Patrick, apud Colgan, part ii. cc. 62, 63, 64, 65, 66; Trias Thaum., p. 138. Some of the evil spirits expelled by St. Patrick on this occasion flew across the bay of Donegal, and settled in the Pagan region of Senghleann, in Tirconnell, where they remained secure from all the attacks of Christians till St. Columbkille finally dislodged them.
' Baptized and blessed. — See Leabhar na-gCeart, p. 235.
" Seven hundred churches — The same number is given in a quotation from St. Eleramis, in the Leabhar- Breac, fol. 99, b, 1, and the same num- ber is attributed to him by Jocelyn and the Tripartite Life, apud Colgan ; Trias Thaum., p. 167- See also Ussher's Primordia, p. 913.
w Seven hundred bishops and three thousand priests. — " Episcopos enim trecentos et septua- ginta; sacerdotum quinque millia, etclericorum inferioris ordinis numerum sine numero, propria manu ordinasse legitur. Numerum autem Mo- nachorum atque Monialium, quos divino conse- cravit obsequio, solus Deus novit. Sacras etiam sedes, sedes Episcopates, Monasteria, Ecclesias, sacella, promiscue connumerantur, fundavit septingenta." — Vit. Tripartit. S. Patricii, part. ii. c. 97; Trias Thaum., p. 167.
* The human mind. — Dr. O'Conor renders this : " Fecit miracula et mirabilia plurima, simulque informavit intellectum populorum ad commu- nionem, vel ad memoriam ejus. Fecit regulas valde bonas." But he is totally beneath criti-
493.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
157
stroyed the idols which they had for worshipping ; who had expelled demons' and evil spirits from among them, and brought them from the darkness of sin and vice to the light of faith and good works, and who guided and conducted their souls from the gates of hell (to which they were going), to the gates of the kingdom of heaven. It was he that baptized and blessed' the men, women, sons and daughters of Ireland, with their territories and tribes, both [fresh] waters and sea-inlets. It was by him that many cells, monasteries, and churches were erected throughout Ireland ; seven hundred churches" was their number. It was by him that bishops, priests, and persons of every dignity were ordained ; seven hundred bishops, and three thousand priests" [was] their number. He worked so many miracles and wonders, that the human mindx is incapable of remembering or recording the amount of good which he did upon earth. When the time of St. Patrick's death approached, he received the Body of Christ from the hands of the holy Bishop Tassachy, in the 122nd [year] of his agez, and resigned his spirit to heaven.
There was a rising of battle", and a cause of dissension in the province contending for the body of Patrick after his death. The Ui-Neillb and the
cism in blunders of this description.
The absurdity of the miracles attributed to St. Patrick by all his biographers, on every frivolous occasion, without number, measure, or use, have created a doubt, in modern times, of the truth of everything they relate ; and if it happened that God suspended the laws of nature at the request of this great preacher, his biographers have described them, and the motives of them, so injudiciously, that modern readers can only laugh at them, unless they will be at great trouble to separate the fictitious and useless from the real and necessary wonders wrought by this apostle.
' Tassach. — He is the patron saint of Rath- Cholptha, now the village of Raholp, near Saul, in the barony of Lecale, and county of Down — See note g, at A. D. 448, supra ; Trias Thaum., p. 6, col. I.
'In the 122nd [year] of his age See Ussher's
Primordia, pp. 88-1, 883, 88?. In the Tripar-
tite Life, apud Colgan, Trias Thaum., p. 168, he is also given this age of 1 22 years :
" Curavit advocari S. Tassachum Episcopum ; et e manu ejus salutare sumpsit viaticum, an- noque sui inter Hibernos Apostolatus Ixii. setatis cxxii. xvi. Kalendas Aprilis purissimum coelo reddidit spiritum."
According to a summary of dates and facts relating to St. Patrick, preserved in the Leabhar Breac (fol. 99, b, 1), he died "in the one hun- dred and twentieth year of his age, that is, the 27th" [recte 26th] "of the solar Cycle, the Calends of January being on Friday, the first year after the bisextile, on the 16th of the Calends of April, which, in that year, fell on Wednesday, the 13th of the Moon."
* A rising of battle. — This story is also given in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, apud Colgan, Trias Thaum., pp.168, 169.
b The Ui-Neill: i. e. the descendants of Niall of the Nine Hostages.
158
[494.
50 hapomacha, Ulai6 acca popcaD aca paofm, 50 nofcaccap Ui Neill-| aip^ialla 50 alaile uipcce.jo ccuapjaib an abann ppiu, co na po cuihainspec cecc caippi la meo a ruite. O Do comh an cuile pop ccula Do Deacacap na ploij po combaij .1. Ui Neill ~\ UlaiD oo b'pfic chuipp parpaicc leo. Qpfb cappap la 5506 nopuing Dfob co mbai an copp leo bu&ein Docum a ccipe, 50 po foappccap Oia mD gan cpoio gan cachap pon lonnup pin. Po habnachc lapam copp pacpaic 50 nonoip •] 50 naipmiccin moip, i nOun Da leacglap, -\ na Di omce Decc po bacap na ppuire 05 paipe an cuipp, co ppalmaib -| hpmnaib, m bai oibce i TTiuijinip, ina ip na pfpannaib compoiccpib (an oapleo) ace arhail bm poilpi an laoi lanpolaip po lonopchaib ann Do jpep. dp DO b'liaDnaib baip naorh pacpaicc arpubpab.
O gfnap Cpiopc, dipfrh aic, .cccc. pop caom nocaic, ceopa bliaona paip mppom, 50 bap pacpaicc ppiorhappcoil.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD nochac a cfcaip. Q pe Decc Do Cushaib. Cach CinDailbe pia cCoipbpe, mac Nell, pop Laijnib.
C[oip Cpiopc, cficpe* ceD nochac ape. TTlochaoi, abb ndonopoma, Decc
c The Oirghialla: i. e. the descendants of the Collas, who, at this time, possessed a vast terri- tory in Ulster, lying west of the River Bann and Gleann-Righe.
d UUa. — Called by Colgan, in his translation of the Tripartite Life, Ulidii. At this time they possessed only that portion of the province of Ulster lying east of the River Bann and Gleann-Righe.
e Dun-da-leathghlas: i. e. the dun or fort of the two broken locks or fetters, now Down- patrick.
f It was not night. — This is also stated by the author of the Tripartite Life :
" Et ita non visa est nox in tota ilia regione in tempore luctus Patricii."
It is stated in Fiech's Hymn that the light continued for a whole year after Patrick's death,
on which Colgan has the following note :
" Quod in morte Patricii dierum duodecim naturalium spatium transierit sine noctis in- terpolatione tradunt Jocelinus c. 193, Author operis Tripartiti, p. 3, c. 1 06, Probus, L 2, c. 34, et alii communiter actorum Patricii Scriptores, et quod toto sequenti anno tempus nocturnum in ilia qua obiit Regione fuerit extraordinario quodam et coelitus misso respersum lumine, alia indicant testimonia et argumenta. Ita enim indicat Probus loco citato, dicens : ' Plebs etiam ittius loci in quo sepultus est certissima confirmat attestatione, quod usque ad jinemtotius anni, in quo obierat, nunquam nocturnales tenebrce quales exti- tissent, tales anted fuerant, quod nimirum ad tanti viri meritum non dubium est. Item Author operis Tripart. p. 3, c. 106 : Et ferunt alii quod anno integro post Patricii mortem fuerit continua lux in
494.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
159
Oirghiallac attempting to bring it to Armagh ; the Ulta" to keep it with them- selves. And the Ui-Neill and the Oirghialla came to a certain water, and the river swelled against them so that they were not able to cross it in consequence of the greatness of the flood. When the flood had subsided these hosts united on terms of peace, i. e. the Ui-Neill and the Ulta, to bring the body of Patrick with them. It appeared to each of them that each had the body conveying it to their respective territories, so that God separated them in this manner, with- out a fight or battle. The body of Patrick was afterwards interred at Dun-da- lethglas6 with great honour and veneration ; and during the twelve nights that the reh'gious seniors were watching the body with psalms and hymns, it was not night5 in Magh-inis or the neighbouring lands, as they thought, but as if it were the full undarkened light of day. Of the year of Patrick's death was said :
Since Christ was born, a correct enumeration,
Four hundred and fair ninety,
Three years add to these,
Till the death of Patrick, chief Apostle.
The Age of Christ, 494. The sixteenth year of Lughaidh. The battle of Ceann-Ailbhe* by Cairbre, son of Niall, against the Leinstermen.
The Age of Christ, 496. Mochaoi", Abbot of Aendruim, died on thetwenty-
Regione de Mag-inis.' Adde quod nomen illius Regionis exinde postea ortum, hoc ipsum indi- cet. Vulgo enim vocatur Triuchached na soillse, i. cantaredus seu centivillaria Regio luminis, ut vulgi usurpatio, et patrise historia contestantur. Unde propter hos coelestes radios tempus illud nocturnum raro prodigio illustrantes, videtur S. Fiecus hie tempus illud vocasse continuam lucem et diem prolongatam." — Trias Thaum., p. 6, col. 2, not. 20.
8 Ceann-Ailbhe — In the Annals of Clonmac- noise the " battle of Kinailbe" is entered under ' the year 501. In the Ulster Annals it is called the battle of Cnoc-Ailbhe. It was probably the name of a hill in Magh- Ailbhe, in the south of the county of Kildare.
b Mochaoi, Abbot of Aendruim — He was a disciple of St. Patrick, and abbot of the island of Aendruim, now Mahee Island, in Loch Cuan, or Strangford Lough, in the county of Down. The situation of Aendruim appears from a gloss on iheFeilire-Aenguis, at 23rd June: " Oenopuim .1. oen culuch an imr- uile, -\ pop (Loch Cuan acu." " Oendruim, i. e. all the island is [i. e. forms] one hill, and in Loch Cuan it is [situated]." — See Description of Nendrum, by the Rev. Wil- liam Reeves, pp. 30 to 34. The death of this saint is entered in the Annals of Tighernach at the year 497 ; in the Annals of Ulster at 493, and again from a different authority at 498 ; and
in the old Annals of Innisfallen at 490 See note
on Mochaoi under the year 432.
160
emeaHN.
[497-
an cpeap la pichear Do mi lun. Cach Opoma Lochrnaishe pia Laijmbh
pop Uib Nell.
Copbmac a Cpic in epname eppcop Cfpoa TTlaca, corimpba Pacpaicc, DO
paoiohfoh a ppiopaicce.
Qoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD nochac a peachc. Q naoi oecc De Lujhaib. Cach Inoe TTloipe hi cCptch ua n§abla pop taignib, -\ pop lollann, mac Ounlains, la TTluipcfpcach mac Gapca.
doip Cpiopc, cficpe ceD nochac a hochc. Ctn pichfcmaD bliaDain DO Lujaib. pfpjup TTlop, mac Gipc, nnc Gachach muinpeamaip, co na bpaicpib DO 6ul mo Glbain.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cficpe ceo nochac a naoi. Q haon pichfc Do LughaiD. Ceapban eappoc, 6 piopc Cfpbain oc Ueampaij, Decc.
Cac Seajpa pia TTluipcfpcach mac Gpca pop Diiach Tfnsuma, pi Con- nacc. Ipeab pochann an cacha .1. TTTuipcfpcach po bai hi pachaijiup ecip in pi agup GochaiD Uiopmcapna, a bpachaip, 50 po gabaD GochaiD pop comaipce TTluipcfpcoij. CeannpaolaD apbepc oa oeapbao.
' Druim-Lochmaighe. — See A. M. 3549, where it is stated that Lochmhagh is in the territory of Conaille, i. e. in the level portion of the county of Louth.
k Cormac of Crioch-an-Earnaidhe : i. e. the Territory of the Oratory or little Church, thus translated by Colgan in Trias Thaum., p. 293 : " S. Corbmacus de Crich-indernaidhe, successor S. Patricii, Ep. Ardmach, quievit in domino." He gives his acts at 17th of February, from which it would appear that he was the nephew of the monarch Laeghaire, by his brother Enda; that his body or reliques were preserved at Trim, in Meath, and that his festival was celebrated at Armagh, on the 17th of February. In the copy of the Feilire-Aenguis preserved in the Ledbhar Ereac, he is set down as"Copmuc comopba Pacpaic i nOch cpuim £oe jaipe," and the Edi- tor is of opinion that Cpioch an eapnaioe may be a corruption of Cpioc Coejaipe.
1 Inde-mor, in Chrioch- Ua-nGabhla — Crioch- Ua-nGabhla, called, in the old translation of the
Annals of Ulster, " O'Gawla's country," was the name of a territory situated in the south of the present county of Kildare, extending, according to the Book of Lecan, fol. 93-109, from Ath-Cuilchinge to Dubh-ath, near the hill of Mullaghmast ; and from Ath-glas-crichi, at Cluanies, to Uada, in Leix ; and from the ford of Ath-leathnacht to Gleann-Uissen, in Ui-Bairrche. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise " the battle of Inne" is entered under the year 504.
m Fearghus Mor. — The Annals of the Four Masters are here antedated by at least five years, as Dr. O'Conor shews (Proleg. ad Ann., p. Ixxxvi). The Annals of Tighernach place the migration of the sons of Ere to Alba (Scot- land) during the pontificate of Symmachus, the Calends of January being onferia prima. Now Symmachus succeeded Anastasius the Second on the 10th of the Calends of December, A. D. 498, and died on the 14th of the Calends of August, A. D. 514, and during this whole period the
497.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
161
third day of the month of June. The battle of Druim-Lochmaighe' [was gained] by the Leinstermen over the Ui-Neill.
Cormac, of Chrioch-in-Ernaidhelc, successor of Patrick, resigned his spirit.
The Age of Christ, 497. The nineteenth year of Lughaidh. The battle of Inde-Mor, in Crioch-Ua-nGabhla1, [was gained] over the Leinstermen and Illann, son of Dunlaing, by Muircheartach mac Earca.
The Age of Christ, 498 [recti 503]. The twentieth year of Lughaidh. Fearghus Mor™, son of Ere, son of Eochaidh Muinreamhair, with his brothers, went to Alba [Scotland].
The Age of Christ, 499 \recte 504]. The twenty-first year of Lughaidh. Cerban, a bishop of Feart-Cearbain11, at Teamhair, died.
The battle of Seaghais0 [was fought] by Muircheartach mac Earca against Duach Teangumhap, King of Connaught. The cause of the battle was this, viz. : Muircheartach was a guarantee between the King and Eochaidh Tirm- charna, his brother, and Eochaidh was taken prisoner against the protection of Muircheartach. In proof of which Ceannfaeladhq said :
Calends of January did not fall on feria prima, except twice, viz. A. D. 506, and 516 ; and, as Flann refers this emigration of the sons of Ere to the fifteenth year after the battle of Ocha, it follows from this singular coincidence, which could not happen otherwise than from historical verity, that this migration is to be referred to the year 506 of the common era. The Annals of Clonmacnoise refer this migration to the year 501, which is much nearer to the true date than that given by the Four Masters.
n Feart-Cearbain : i. e. the Grave of Bishop Cerban, who was one of St. Patrick's converts. His death is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 503, and in the Annals of Tighernach at 503, and again at 504, which is the true year, and that under which it is entered in the Annals of Clonmacnoise. Feart-Chearbain was the name of a church situated to the north- east of Tara hill, but it is now totally eflaced. — See Petrie's History and Antiquities of Tara
Hill, p. 200, and plate 7 (facing p. 128), on which the position of this church is marked.
0 Seaghais. — This was the ancient name of the Curlieu hills, near Boyle, on the confines of the counties of Roscommon and Sligo. This battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 501.
k p Duach Teangumha: i. e. Duach of the Brazen Tongue. He was otherwise called Duach Galach, i. e. the Valorous. He was the son of Brian, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, Monarch of Ireland, and is the ancestor of the O' Conors of Connaught, as well as of the O'Rourkes and O'Reillys, and various other correlative fami- lies.
q Ceannfaeladh : i. e. Ceannfaeladh-na-fogh- lama, or the Learned, of Derryloran, in Tyrone, who died, according to the Annals of Tigher- nach, in the year 679- He wrote a work on the synchronism of the Irish monarchs with the Roman Emperors.
162
[500.
Cach Seghpa bfn DO mnaib poDpuaip, po boi cpu ofpj cap cpuipijh, la Ouipich, ingin Ouaich.
each Oealcca, each TTlucpama acup each Cuomo Opuba, la each Sfjpa, hi ccopcaip Ouach Ufnjumha.
Pop Connaccaib po ppaoineab na caca hipin.
Cfoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo. Gn DapabliaDam pichfc Do LushaiD. .8. Ibap eppuc, oecc an cpep la pichfc DO mi Qppil. Ceicpe blia&na ap cpi ceo poo a paojail.
Cach Lochmaighe pia Laijnib pop Uibh Nell.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo a haon. Q cpi pichfc DO Lujhaib. Cach Pperh- ainne hi TTli&e pop piachaiD, mac Nell, pia ppailge beppaibe, Dia nebpab an pann,
In pi aile apmbfpaiD piacha, mac Nell, ni celaiD,
Gp paip, cap cpfmla cile, cac ppeamna TTIibe meabaiD.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceD a cpi. lap mbfich cuig bliabna pichfc i pighe 6peann DO CujhaiO, mac Laojaipe, copchaip i nCtchaD popcha, mp na bem
' A certain woman : i. e. I^Juiseach. She was the wife of Muircheartach mac Earca, whom she incited to fight this battle against her father, Duach Teangumha, because he had made a pri- soner of her foster-father, Eochaidh Tirmcharna, in violation of her husband's guarantee. — See Book of Lecan, fol. 195, b.
• Against the Connaughtmen: i. e. these battles were gained by the race of Niall over the Con- naughtmen. The Editor has never seen a full copy of the poem of Cennfaeladh, from which the above verses are quoted. They are also quoted in O'Conor's printed Annals of Tigher- nach, in which the battle of Seaghais is twice mentioned as in the text of the Four Masters.
1 St. Ibhar — The death of Bishop Iver, in the 303rd year of his age, is recorded in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, at the year 504. It is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the years 499, 500, and 503. This Ibhar is the patron saint of the
island of Beg-Erin or Parva Hibernia, near Wexford, where there are still to be seen some ruins of his church — See Ussher's Primordia, pp. 794, 901, 1062; Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, pp.50, 450, 610; and Archdall's Monasticon, p. 733. In the Feilire-Aenguis, at 23rd April, Bishop Ibhar is noticed :
" £oichec eppcop Ibaip, apopc ceno cec epip, Qn Bpeo uap cuino i cpilip, i n€rpmo bic beBuip."
" A lamp was Bishop Ibhar, who attained to the
head of every piety ;
The flame over the wave in brightness, in Erin Beg he died."
Dr. O'Conor says that the great age ascribed to this and other saints is owing to the error of transcribers, in mistaking cpi .1. thrice fifty, for cpi .c. three hundred.
"Lochmagh — See A.M. 3549-3656; A.D. 496.
500.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
163
The battle of Seaghais; a certain womanr caused it; red blood was over lances,
By Duiseach, daughter of Duach.
The battle of Dealga, the battle of Mucramha, and the battle of Tuaim-
Drubha, With the battle of Seaghais, wherein fell Duach Teangumha.
Against the Connaughtmen* these battles were gained.
The Age of Christ, 500. The twenty-second year of Lughaidh. Saint Ibhar', the bishop, died on the twenty-third day of the month of April. Three hundred and four years was the length of his life.
The battle of Lochmagh" by the Leinstermen, against the Ui-Neill.
The Age of Christ, 501. The twenty-third year of Lughaidh. The battle of FreamhainT, in Meath, against Fiacha, son of Niall, by Failge Berraidhe, con- cerning which this quatrain was composed :
The other king whom I shall mention was Fiacha, son of Niall, I shall not
conceal him ; It was against him, contrary to a false prophecy, the battle of Freamhain, in
Meath, was gained.
The Age of Christ, 503. After Lughaidh, son of Laeghaire, had been twenty-five years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was killed at Achadh-farcha",
T Freamhainn See A. M. 5084, p. 89, note w,
supra.
"Achadh-farcha: i. e. the Field of the Light- ning. Colgan says that the place retained this name in his own time, but does not define its exact situation. The words of the author of the Tripartite Life, in describing this event, are as follows:
" Venit" [Lugadius] "ad locum quendam Achadh-farcha appellatum ; ubi conspiciens quandam Ecclesiam in colle positam, ait ; nun- quid ilia est Ecclesia istius clerici, qui iniquo prophetise spiritu, praedixit nullum de Leogarii patris mei semine Regem vel principem prodi- turum ? Et statim ac haec protulit, fulminis e coelo missi, et in verticem ejus cadentis, ictu
extinctus illico interiit. Unde et locus nomen abinde sortitus, Achadh-farcha, .i. collis ful- minis appellatur." — Part ii. c. 77. Colgan adds in a note, Trias Thaum., p. 172, n. 44 :
" Et loci illius Achadh-f&icha, id est collis fulminis, appellati, nomen quod usque in hunc diem retinet conformat. Est autem in finibus Dioecesis et Comitatus Orientalis Mediae."
It is stated in the Life of St. Patrick pre- served in the Leabhar Breac, foL 14, a, 2, that Achadh-farcha is situated in the territory of Ui-Cremhthainne. This territory is now in- cluded in the baronies of Slane, in East Meath. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise the death of Lughaidh, son of Laeghaire, is entered under the year 509.
Y2
QNNaca Rio^hachca emeaNN.
[504.
Dpopcha cenncighe, cpe miopbailibh De, cpep an Dimiaoh cuccupcoip DO Parrjiaicc, amail a Deip an pann po :
a nQchab papca ujpach, bap rhic Laogaipe tujach, ^an molbca call na ponn, De DO popclia cpom ceinncije.
GochaiD, mac TTluipfohaij TTlmnDeipcc, pi Ula6, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceD a cfcap. Qn ceio bliaDam DO TTIuipcfpcach, mac TTluipeohaij, mic Gojain, mic Nell, na pijh op Gpinn.
Qoip Cpiopc, ciiicc ceD ape. Qn cpeap b'liaDam Do TTlhuipcfpcach. lollann, mac Ounlaing, pi Laijfn, Decc. Cac Luacpa pia Comcopb pop Uib Neill. Qp DO po paiDfo.
Cac lonn tuacpa, uapa cuap, accfp bpijic, ni ppic pap, planncac pionnab'pac ba huap im copp nlollainn lap na bap.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuij ceo apeacc. Qn cfcpamaD bliabain Do TTluipcfpcach. Cach Opoma ofpjaije pop poilje mbeppaibe, pia ppiachaiD mac Nell.
x King of Uladh: i. e. of Ulidia; bounded on the west by Gleann-Kighe, Lougli Neagh, and the Lower Bann.
y. Muircheartach, son of Muireadhach — He is otherwise called Muircheartach Mor Mac Earca. After the death of the monarch Lughaidh, O'Flaherty introduces, in his Catalogue of the Christian Kings of Ireland ( Ogygia, iii. 93), an interregnum of five years, that is, from the year 508 till 513, which he makes the year of Muir- cheartach's accession. The Annals of Ulster place the death of Lughaidh in 507, and again, according to .another authority, in 511, and the accession of Muircheartach in the year 512. The probability is that there was no interreg- num, for Muircheartach, who was the Hector of the Ui-Neill, was too powerful in Ireland to be kept from the throne after the death of Lughaidh.
z Luachair: i. e. a Itushy Place. There are countless places of this name in Leinster, but
the Editor has never been able to discover the exact situation of the site of this battle.
" Fionnabhair. — Now Fennor, near Kildare. — See Inquisitions, Lagenia, Kildare, 8, 40 Jac. i.
b About the body oflllann — It is stated in the second Life of St. Bridget, published by Colgan (Trias Thaum., pp. 546 to 563), that after the death of Illann, King of Leinster, the Nepotes Neill, or race of Niall of the Nine Hostages, led an army into Leinster, and proceeded to devas- tate the province ; but that the Lagenians, placing the dead body of the king in a chariot, marched against them, and defeated them with great slaughter :
" Factum est autem post mortem Illand, qui vixit annis cxx. congregantes iiepotes Neill ex- ercitum fines devastare Lageniensium ; inierunt Lagenienses consilium, dicentes ponamus corpus mortuum Regis nostri conditum ante nos in curru contra hostes, et pugnenms contra circa
504.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
165
being struck by a flash of lightning, by the miracles of God, on account of the insult which he had offered to Patrick, as this quatrain states :
At Achadh-farcha warlike, the death of Laeghaire's son, Lughaidh [occurred], Without praise in heaven or here, a heavy flash of lightning smote him.
Eochaidh, son of Muireadhach Muindearg, King of Uladh*, died.
The Age of Christ, 504. The first year of Muircheartach, son of Muireadh- achy, son of Eoghan, son of Niall, as king over Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 506. The third year of Muircheartach. Illann, son of Dunking, King of Leinster, died. The battle of Luachair" [was fought] by Cucorb against the Ui-Neill, of which was said :
The fierce battle of Luachair, over head, Brighit saw, no vain vision ; The bloody battle of Fionnabhair" was noble, about the body of Illannb after his death.
The Age of Christ, 507. The fourth year of Muircheartach. The battle of Druim-Deargaighec [was gained] against Foilghe Berraidhe, by Fiacha, son
cadaver ejus. Et illis sic facientibus illico ne- potes Neill in fugam versi sunt, et csedes iacta est in eis. Donum enim victoriae per S. Brigidam adhuc in corpore Regis mansit." — Trias Thaum., pp. 551, 552.
The following battles are mentioned in the ancient historical tale called Borumha Laighean, as having been fought by the race of Neill against the Leinstermen, who opposed the pay- ment of the Borumean tribute, from the period of the death of Oilioll Molt to that of the pre- sent monarch :
" The battle of Granni; the battle of Tortan; the battle of Druim Ladhgainn ; the battle of Bri-Eile; the battle of Freamhainn, in Meath, by Failghe Rot, son of Cathaeir (rum illius Magni Regis) ; twenty-eight battles by the son of Dunlaing, in consideration of the word" [curse] " of St. Bridget ; the battle of Magh- Ochtair, against Lughaidh, son of Laeghaire;
the battle of Druim-da-mhaighe ; the battle of Dun-Masc" [Dunamase]; " the second battle of Ocha; the battle of Slabhri; the battle of Cinn- srathi ; the battle of Finnabhair, by Ailill, son of Duulaing; the battle around the body of Illann."
° Druim- Deargaighe. — This battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster twice ; first at the year 515, and again at 5 16, as follows :
"A. D. 515. Helium Droma derge for Failgi. Fiacha victor erat. Deinde Campus Midi a Lai- genets sublatus est.
" A. D. 516. Bellum Droma derge la Fiacha mac Neill for Failge m-Bearuighe, inde Magh Midhe a Lageneis sublatus est, ut Ceannfaeladh cecinit, &c." It is also given in the Annals of Tighernach, in which the part of Meath re- covered from Leinster is thus mentioned : " ip anop u cur pin po pcfipao a CUID Don ITIioe pp Cui^ui co h-Uipneuc," i.e. "It was by this
166
[511.
dp la cinel piachaiD an pfponn o Cluain in Dibaip co hUipnfch opin ilte, ariiail apbepc Cfnopaolaoh
Dighal Dia peachc mbliaban, ba pi oijoe a cpibe each i nOpomm ofp^aije ba &e DO cfp maj TTli6e.
Qoip Cpiopc, cms ceo a haoin noecc. Ct hochc Do TTlhuipcfpcach. 8. bpon eppcop o Cuil loppae, i cConoachcuib', Decc, an cochcmaD la Do mi Inn.
Qoip Cpiopr, cms ceD a DO Deg. Q naoi DO TTlmpcfpcach. 8. Gape Slaine eppucc Lilcaij, -| 6 pfpca pfp ppeig i ccaob Sfohe Cpuim aniap, DO ecc, an Dapa la DO mi Nouembpip. Oeich mbliabna ap cheichcpe pichcib a
battle that its part of Meath was separated from Leinster, as far as Uisneach."
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise it is noticed as follows :
" A. D. 515. The battle of Dromdargie was fought by Fiagh mac Neale, in which he re- covered Usneagh to be of the land of Kynaleagh, where Foilge Merrye was overcome."
d Cluain-in-dibhair. — This is otherwise called Cluain-an-dobhair, and is situated somewhere in the present King's County, but it has not been identified — See it again referred to at the years 843, 938, 942.
e Uisneach Now Usnagh hill, in the parish
of Killare, barony of Eathconrath, and county of Westmeath. — See note «, under A. D. 1414, p. 818, infra. The territory of Cinel-Fiachrach, which originally comprised the countries of O'Molloy, now in the King's County, and of Mageoghegan, now the barony of Moycashel, in Westmeath, originally extended from Birr to the hill of Uisneach. This hill is also re- markable in Irish history as being the point at which the five provinces met, and a stone si- tuated on its summit, now called Cat-Uisnigh, and by Keating Ail-na-mireann, i.e. "the Rock
of the Divisions," is called Umbilicus Hibernice by Giraldus Cambrensis. " In quinque por- tiones sequales inter se diviserunt, quarum ca- pita in lapide quodam conveniunt apud Mediam juxta castrum de Kyllari, qui lapis et umbili- cus Hibernise dicitur: quasi in medio et medi- tullio terrsB positus." — Topographia Hibernice, Dist. iii. c. 4.
f The vengeance of God. — The Editor has never met a full copy of the poem from which this qua- train is quoted. It would appear to be on the sub- ject of the formation of the territory of the tribe of Cinel-Fiachach, who recovered from Failghe Bearraidhe, chief of Ofially, a tract of country extending from Cluain-an-dobhair to the hill of Uisneach, after the battle of Druim-Deargaighe. The Failghe Berraidhe here referred to is men- tioned in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick (part iii. c. 56), as an obdurate Pagan, who at- tempted to murder St. Patrick, but perished in the attempt himself, and drew down the ven- geance of heaven upon his race. He had a brother, Failghe Eos, or, more correctly, Failghe Eot, who received St. Patrick with honour, and, therefore, prospered in the land.
8 Cuil-Irra — A district in the south-west of
511.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
167
of Niall. From that time forward the land [extending] from Cluain-in-dibhaird to Uisneach6 belongs to the Cinel-Fiachach, as Ceannfaeladh said :
The vengeance of Godf lasted for seven years;
But the joy of his heart was
The battle of Druim-Deargaighe,
By which the plain of Meath was detached.
The Age of Christ, 511. The eighth year of Muircheartach. Saint Bron, Bishop of Cuil-Irras, in Connaught, died on the eighth day of the month of June.
The Age of Christ, 512. The ninth year of Muircheartach, Saint Erch, Bishop of Lilcach' and of Fearta-fear-Feigk, by the side of Sidhe-Truim, to the west, died on the second day of the month of November. His age was four-
the barony of Carbury, and county of Sligo, comprising the parishes of Killaspugbrone and Kilmacnowen. It is stated in the Annotations of Tirechan, in the Book of Armagh, that St. Patrick passed from Forrach-mac-nAmhalgaidh to Eos Filiorum Caitni, where he built a church, and, crossing the Muaidh [Moy] at Bertriga [Bartragh], he raised a cross there, and pro- ceeded thence to the mound of Riabart, near which he built a church for his disciple, Bishop Bronus, the son of Icnus. This is called the church of Cassel-irra in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick (part ii. c. 97), and nowCill eapbuij 6pom, anglice Killaspugbrone from this Bishop. — See Genealogies, Tribes, fyc., of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 470, and the map to the same work. In Michael O'Clery's Irish Calendar the festival of this bishop is entered at 8th of June.
h St. Ere — See note l, under the year 448, p. 136, supra.
' Lilcach. — Not identified. Dr. O'Conor takes this to mean " deditus religioni."
k Fearta-fear-Feig. — Dr. O'Conor translates this: "S. Ercus Slanensis Episcopus deditue religioni et loci dicti Sepulchra Virorum Feig
in regione locus iste est Trimmise ad Occiden- tem, obiit die 2do Mensis Novembris." But he certainly mistakes the meaning. Colgan renders it : "Ercus Episcopus Lilcaciensis et Ferta- feggiensis .i. Slanensis *2 Novembris mortuus est anno setatis 90." — Acta SS., p. 190.
Fearta-fear-Feig, i. e. the Graves of the Men of Feig, is the ancient name of Slane on the Boyne, and Sidh-Truim is not the present town of Trim, as assumed by Dr. O'Conor, but the name of a hill, situated to the east of Slane. The situation of Fearta-fear-Feig is described by Colgan as follows :
" Est locus ad septentrionalem marginem fluminis Boandi, hodie Slaine dictus. Dicttur Ferta-fer-Feic .i. fossa?, sive sepulchra virorum Feic, ex eo quod servi cujusdarn dynasta; nomine Feic, ibi altas fecerint fossas pro occisorum cor- poribus humandis." — Trias Thaum., p. 20, n.* 60.
In the fourth Life of St. Patrick a similar derivation of this name is given; and it is stated that the paschal fire, lighted there by St. Patrick, was visible from Tara, which clearly shews that it is not situated to the west of Trim, as Dr. O'Conor has so hastily assumed.
168
eii?eaNN.
[513.
aoip an can chfpca, dp e an cfppucc Gipc pin po ba bpficfm Do phaccpaicc. Gp DO pome pacpaicc an pano po.
Gppucc Gpc, — gach ni conceapcaoh ba cfpc, gach aon beipeap coiceapc cfpc popcpaib fnoachc beappuic Gpo.
Oubrach .1. a Dpuim ofpb eppucc Qpomacha oo paoiofoh a Spiopaicce.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuij ceo acpf oecc. Gn oechrhao bliabain TYlhmpcfpcaij. .8. TTlacnipi .1. Gon£ap, eppucc Connepe, oecc ancpeap la DO Nouembep.
Cach Oeona, i nOpomaib bpeaj, pia TTlu]pcf|icach mac Gapca, •) pm cColju, mac Loin, mic Cpuinn, mic pfibbmiD, caoipeac Gipjiall, Du in po mapbab Ctpojal, mac Conaill Cpemrainne, mic Neill.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo a peace Deg. Q cfcaip Oecc Do TTluipceapcach. .8. Oapfpca Cille Slebe Cuilinn, oap bainm TTloninoe oecc 6 lulu. Naoi pichic bliaoham poo a paojoil oia nebpao.
Naoi pichic bliaoam mole, DO peip piajla jan cime, jan baep, gan beo, jan baojal, ba he paojal TTloninoe.
1 Bishop Ere. — This quatrain is also quoted by Tighernach, who ascribes it to St. Patrick, in the Book of Lecan, fol. 306, a, 1 ; and in the Leabhar-Breac, fol. 1 1 , a.
m Druim-Dearbh. — This is probably the place called Derver, in the county of Louth. Dubh- thach succeeded in 497 — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 36.
n Macnisi. — He was a disciple of St. Patrick, and the founder of the episcopal church of Connor, in the county of Antrim See Eccle- siastical Antiquities of Down and Connor and Dromore, by the Rev. William Reeves, A. B., pp. 237-239. Cnes, the daughter of Conchaidh, of the tribe of Dal-Ceithirn, was his mother, from whom he was called Mac Cneise. His fes- tival was kept on the 3rd of September, accord-
ing to the Feilire-Aenguis and O'Clery's Irish Calendar, in which it is stated that his first name was Aenghus, and that he was also called Caemhan Breac.
0 Dedna, in Droma-Sreagh. — This was the name of a place in the north of the county of Meath, adjoining that of Cavan. The fort of Rath-Ochtair-Cuillinn is also referred to as i n-t)puimnib 6peaj. — See Ledbhar-na-gCeart, p. 12.
p Citt-Sleibhe- Cnilinn : i. e. the Church of Slieve Gullion, now Killeavy, an old church in a pa- rish of the same name, situated at the foot of Slieve Gullion, in the barony of Upper Orior, and county of Armagh. This mountain took its name from Cuileann, an artificer, who lived here in the reign of Conchobhar Mac Nessa,
513.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
169
score and ten years when he departed. This Bishop Ere was judge to Patrick. It was for him Patrick composed this quatrain : •
Bishop Ere1, —
Every thing he adjudged was just ; Every one that passes a just judgment Shall receive the blessing of Bishop Ere.
Dubhthach, i. e. of Druim-Dearbhm, Bishop of Ard-Macha [Armagh], re- signed his spirit.
The Age of Christ, 513. The tenth year of Mviircheartach. Saint Mac- nisin, i. e. Aenghus, Bishop of Coinnere [Connor], died on the third day of November.
The battle of Dedna, in Droma-Breagh0, by Muircheartach mac Earca, and by Colga, son of Loite, son of Crunn, son of Feidhlimidh, [son of Colla Dach- rich], chief of Airghialla, where Ardghal, son of Conall Creamhthainne, son of Niall, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 517. The fourteenth year of Muircheartach. Saint Darerca, of Cill-Sleibhe-Cuilinnp, whose [first] name was Moninne, died on the 6th of July. Nine-score years was the length of her life ; of whom was said :
Nine-score years together, according to rule without error,
Without folly, without evil, without danger, was the age of Moninne.
King of Ulster, and by whom the celebrated hero, Cuchullainn, was fostered. Ussher (Prz- mordia, p. 705), who had an ancient Life of Moninne, written by Conchubhranus, and Mi- chael O'Clery, in his Irish Calendar, have con- founded this Darerca with Darerca, the sister of St. Patrick; but they were clearly different per- sons, for the festival of Darerca, the sister [or supposed sister] of Patrick, was held on the 22nd of March, whereas that of Moninne, of Cill- Sleibhe-Cuilinn, was held on the 6th of July. On this mistake of Ussher Colgan has the fol- lowing note in his Life of Darerca, at 22nd March, which shews the high esteem he had for Ussher's veracity as a historian :
* "Usserus, de Primordiis Ecclesiar. Britann. pag. 705 et 706, confundit hanc Darercam so- rorem Sancti Patricii, cum alia Darerca, dicta Moninna, Abbatissa de Killslebhe in Ultonia. Sed si vir, alias Antiquitatis peritissimus, ea, quse de Sancta Moninna producturi sumus ad 6 Julii, perspecta habuisset aliter sentiisse non ambigimus." — Ada Sanctorum, p. 719, not. 7.
St. Moninne, of Cill-Sleibhe-Cuillin, founded seven churches in Scotland, as Ussher shews from Conchubhranus : one called Chilnacase, in Galloway ; another on the summit of the moun- tain of Dundevenal, in Laudonia; the third on the mountain of Dunbreten ; the fourth at the castle of Strivelin ; the fifth at Dun-Eden, now
170
[519-
Qoip Cpiopc, cuij ceD anaoi Decc. (X pe Decc DO TTlhuipcfpcach. S. Conolaeoh, eppcop Cille oapa, cfpD bpijoe, Decc 3. TTlaii.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceD piche a haon. Q hochc Decc Do TTlhuipcfpcach. 8. buice, mac bponaij, eppucc TTlainipcpe, Decc 7. Oecembep.
bpacha bpf co mblaiD, ci cec cpacha Dom cobhaip, xc 50 njlopaib ngluinn ngloin, of£ mac bponaij, mic bolaip.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo piche a cpf. Qn pichfcmaD bliabam Do TTluip- cfpcach. beoaib, eppucc Gpoa capna, Decc, an coccmaD la Do TTlapca. Gochaib, mac Qonjupa, pijTTluman, Decc.
Cloip Cpiopc, cuijj ceo piche a cfcaip. Q haon pichfc Do TDuipceapcach. Cach Qcha Sije pia TTluipcfpcach pop Laijnib, DU in po mapbab Sije, mac Dfin, conab ua6a a Dfpap Qc Sije.
Qoip Cpiopc, cui5 ceo pice a cuicc. Q Do picfc Do TTluipceapcach. ogh, banabChille oapa [Decc]. Qp DipiDe cecup po hioDbpaohCill
pauperibus largita est." — Trias Thaum., c. 39, p. 522.
"finite mac Bronaigk — He is the patron saint of Mainister Buithe, now Monasterboice, in the barony of Ferrard, and county of Louth, where his festival was celebrated on the 7th of De- cember, according to the Feilire-Aenguis See
O'Donnell's Life of St. Columbkille, lib. i. c. 65 ; see also the Annals of Ulster at the year 518, where it is stated that St. Columbkille was born on the same day on which this Buite died.
"A. D. 518. Nativitas Coluim Cille eodem die quo Bute (Boetius) mac Bronaig dormivit."
His death is also entered in the same Annals, under the year 522.
s Beoaidh, Bishop ofArd-carna: i. e. Beo-Aedh, Aidus Vivens, or Vitalis, of Ardcarne, a church in the barony of Boyle, and county of Roscom- mon, and about four miles due east of the town of Boyle — See note b, under the year 1 224. Colgan, who puts together, at the 8th of March, all the scattered notices of this saint that he could find, states (Ada SS., p. 563) that his bell was preserved at Baile-na-gCleireach, in Breifny
Edinburgli ; the sixth on the mountain of Dun- pelder ; and the seventh at Lanfortin, near Dundee, where she died. Some ruins of her church, near which stood a round tower, are still to be seen at Killeavy.
i Connlaedh.— "A. D. 520. Conlaedh Eps. Cille-dara dormivit." — Tigliernach, He was the first Bishop of Kildare, and his festival was there celebrated on the 3rd of May, according to all the Irish martyrologies. In a note on the Feilire-Aenguis, at this day, it is stated that Ronnchenn was his first name, and that he was also called Mochonna Daire ; that he was Bishop of Kildare, and St. Bridget's chief artificer. This note adds that he was finally eaten by wolves. Cogitosus, the author of the second Life of St. Bridget, published by Colgan, has the following notice of Conlaedh's episcopal dresses :
" Secundum enim beatissimi lob exemplum nunquam inopes a se recedere sinu vacuo passa est; nam vestimenta transmarina et peregrina Episcopi Conlaith decorati luminis, quibus in solemnitatibus Domini et vigiliis Apostolorum sacra in altaribus offerens mysteria utebatur,
5190
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
171
The Age of Christ, -519. The sixteenth year of Muircheartach. Saint Connlaedhq, Bishop of Kildare, Bridget's brazier, died on the 3rd of May.
The Age of Christ, 521. The eighteenth year of Muircheartach. Saint Buite mac Bronaighr, bishop of Mainister, died on the 7th of December.
Let Buite, the virtuous judge of fame, come each day to my aid, The fair hand with the glories of clean deeds, the good son of Bronach, son of Bolar.
The Age of Christ, 523. The twentieth year of Muircheartach. Beoaidh1, Bishop of Ard-carna, died the eighth day of March. Eochaidh, son of Aenghus, King of Munster, died.
The Age of Christ, 524. The twenty-first year of Muircheartach. The battle of Ath-Sighe' [was gained] by Muircheartach against the Leinstermen, where Sighe, the son of Dian, was slain, from whom Ath-Sighe is called.
The Age of Christ, 525. Saint Brighit", virgin, Abbess of Cill-dara", [died]. It was to her Cill-dara was first granted, and by her it was founded. Brighit
(now Ballynaglearagh, on the confines of the counties of Leitrim and Cavan) :
" Ejus nola Ceolan Beoaidh .i. nola Beoadi, appellata, ad instar proetiosarum reliquiarum gemmis et argenteo tegumento celata in ecclesia de Baile-na-cclereach, in regione Breffiniae as- servatur in magna veneratione, ob multa, quse in dies per ilium fiunt miracula."
1 Ath-Sighe : i. e. the Ford of Sighe, now Assey, a parish in the barony of Deece, and county of Meath. It was originally the name of a ford on the River Boyne, but afterwards the name extended to a church and castle erected near it This battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 527 :
" A. D. 527- Bellum Ath-Sighe F°P Laigniu. Muirceartach mac Erce victor fuit."
u Brighit — This name is explained bpeo- faijic, i. e. fiery Dart, in Cormac's Glossary and by Keating. The death of St. Bridget is entered from various authorities in the Annals of Ulster, as follows :
" A. D. 523. Quies S. 3rigide an. Ixx etatis sue."
" A. D. 525. Dormitatio Sancte Brigide an. Ixx etatis sue."
" A. D. 527. Vel hie Dormitatio Brigide secun- dum librum Mochod."
Dr. O'Conor thinks that the true year is 523. — See his edition of the Annals of Ulster, p. 13, note 3, where he writes :
" Omnes, uno ore, referunt obitum S. Brigidse ad ann. xxx. post excessum S. Patricii, etsi in anno serse communis dissentiant. Marianus Scotus obitum S. Patricii referens ad annum 491, post annos xxx. excessum S. Brigidse me- morat. Vide Mariani Excerpta ex Cod. prse- stantissimo, Nero, c. v. in Appendice, No. 1. Atqui Patricius obiit anno 493, ergo Brigida anno 523."
w Cill-dara.— Now Kildare. This is called Cella Roloris by Ultanus, in the third Life of St. Bridget published by Colgan, Trias Thaum., p. 531, c. 47; and in the fourth Life, which is attributed to Animosus, the name is explained as* follows :
" Ilia jam cella Scotice dicitur Eilldara, la-
z2
172
emectNN.
[526.
oapa, -| ba le conpooachc. dpi bpijic cpa nd rucc a meanmain nd a hinn- rfipim ap in coimoeab eaoh naonuaipe piarii ace a piopluaDh,-] a pioppmuai- nea6 Do gpep ma cpiOe -] mfnmain, arhail ap eppoepc ina bfchaiD pfin, -\ i mbfchaib naoim bpenainn, eppucc Cluana pfpra. l?o rochaic imoppo a haimpip ace po^nom 50 oiocpa oon coimbe, 05 Denomh pfpc -| miopbal, 05 pldnuccaD gach galaip -| gach cfohma apcfna, amail aipneiDfp a bfra, 50 po paoiD a ppipac Do cum nime, an ceD la Do mi pebpu, -] po haDnace a copp i nOun i naon cumba la pacpaicc, co nonoip -\ co naipmiom.
Chlill, eppcop Ctpoa TTlacha, oo Uib bpeapail DopiDe, DO ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceD piche ape. Qn rpeap BliaDam pichfr DoTTlhuip- cfpcach. dp DO caippnjipe bdip TTlhuipceapcaij aobeapc Caipneach.
Qp am uarhon ap in mbein, ima luaiDpe ilop Sin,
dp piup loipccpi&ep i crin, pop raoib Clecij bdiDpip pin.
.1. la Sfn ingin Sije oopocaip Uiuipcfpcach, i ccionao a harap po mapbporh.
tine vero sonat cella quercus. Quercus enim altissima ibi erat quam multum S. Brigida dili- gebat et,benedixit earn: cujus stipes adhuc manet." — See also Ussher's Primordia, p. 627.
* Her own Life. — Colgan has published six Lives of St. Bridget in his Trias Thaum. The first, a metrical Irish one, attributed to St. Brogan Cloen, who flourished in the time of Lughaidh, the son of Laeghaire ; the second, a Latin Life, ascribed to Cogitosus, who is sup- posed by Colgan to have flourished in the sixth century, but who is now believed to have writ- ten in the eighth or ninth century; the third, which is said to have been written by Ultanus, a bishop ; the fourth, attributed to Anmchadh, or Animosus, Bishop of Kildare, who flourished in the tenth century; the fifth by Laurentius Dunelinensis ; and the sixth, which is in Latin metre, by Coelanus of Inis-Cealltra.
* The first day of the month of February This
day is still called lei peile 6pi joe throughout the Irish-speaking parts of Ireland, and the moffth of February is called ITU na peile 6pijoe.
1 At Dun : i. e. Downpatrick. This is not true, for we learn from Cogitosus that the bodies of Bishop Conlaeth and St. Bridget were placed on the right and left side of the deco- rated altar of the church of Kildare, being de- posited in monuments adorned with various embellishments of gold and silver, and gems and precious stones, with crowns of gold and silver depending from above." — Trias Thaum., pp. 523, 524. It is very clear from this testimony of Cogitosus, that in his time the story of St. Bridget being buried at Down was unknown, and that the finding of the reliques of the Trias Thaumaturga at Down in 1 185, was an invention by Sir John De Courcy and his adherents, for the purpose of exalting the character of Down, then recently acquired by the English. — See note f , under the year 1293, pp. 456, 457. The author of the fourth Life says that St. Bridget was bu- ried along with Patrick immediately after her death, but this is evidently an interpolation since De Courcy's time.
a Ui-Breasail: i.e. theEace ofBreasal. These
526.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
173
was she who never turned her mind or attention from the Lord for the space of one hour, but was constantly meditating and thinking of him in her heart and mind, as is evident in her own Life*, and in the Life of St. Brenainn, Bishop of Cluain-fearta. She spent her time diligently serving the Lord, performing wonders and miracles, healing every disease and every malady, as her Life relates, until she resigned her spirit to heaven, the first day of the month of Februaryy; and her body was interred at Dunz, in the same tomb with Patrick, with honour and veneration.
Ailill, Bishop of Armagh, who was of the Ui-Breasai?, died.
The Age of Christ, 526. The twenty- third year of Muircheartach. It was to predict the death of Muircheartach that Cairneach said :
I am fearfuP of the woman around whom many storms shall move,
For the man who shall be burned in fire, on the side of Cleiteach wine shall
drown.
That is, by Sin, daughter of Sighec, Muircheartach was killed, in revenge of her father, whom he had slain.
were otherwise called Ui-Breasail-Macha and Clann - Breasail, and derived their name and lineage from Breasal, son of Feidhlim, son of Fiachra Casan, son of Colla Dachrich. — See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, iii. c. 76. On an old map of a part of Ulster, preserved in the State Pa- per's Office, London, the territory of Clanbrazil is shewn as on the south side of Lough Neagh, where the Upper Bann enters that lake, from which, and from the space given it, we may infer that it was co-extensive with the present barony of Oneilland East. This Ailill was con- verted to Christianity by St. Patrick, together with his five brothers, and succeeded Dubhthach in the year 513. — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 37-
b I am fearful. — These verses are also quoted by Tighernach. They are taken from a very old tragical tale entitled " Oighidh Mhuircheartaigh Mhoir micEarca" i. e. the Death of Muirchear- tach Mor Mac Earca, of which there is a copy
on vellum, preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 16, p. 316. According to this story Muircheartach fell a victim to the revenge of a concubine named Sin (Sheen), for whom he had abandoned his lawful queen, but whom he afterwards consented to put away at the command of St. Cairneach. This concubine having lost her father mother, sister, and others of her family, who were of the old tribe of Tara, by the hand of Muircheartach, in the battle of Cirb or Ath-Sighe, on the Boyne, threw herself in his way, and became his mistress for the ex- press purpose of wreaking her vengeance upon him with the greater facility. And the story states that she burned the house of Cletty over the head of the monarch, who, when scorched by the flames, plunged into a puncheon of wine, in which he was suffocated. Hence, it was said, that he was drowned and burned.
c Daughter ofSighe. — See note ', under A. D. 524, p. 171, supra.
174
[527.
Car Giblinne pia TYluipcfprach mac Gapca, car moijhe hdilbe, each aimaine, each Cinneich,-] opccam na cCliach, carh Ctibne, pop Connaccaib, conaD Do na cacaib fin aebepc CeanDpaolaD.
I
Cach Cinn eich, cac dlmaine, ba haimpip aipbepc aimpe, opccain Cliach, each QiDne, acup each Tnaighe hQilbe.
Caipell, mac TTlvnpeaohaig TTluinDeipcc, pi Ula6, Decc.
Oilill, mac Ountaing, pi taijfn, DO ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo piche ap cache, lap mbeich cficpe bliaDna pichfc i pijhe nGpeann Do TTluipcfpcach, mac TTluipfDoij, mic eojam, mic Neill Naoijiallaij, po loipcceaD e i ccij Clecij uap 66mn, oibce Shamna mp na bacab hi ppin. Sfn acbepc an pann.
dp mepi Caecen in jfn Do cfp aipeach Nell, dp 5«nriaoai5 mo ainm, in jach aipm ap pen.
Cfnopaolab po paioh :
i pillip an pi TTlac Gapca allfich Ua Neill,
pipe puil pfpna in gach moij, bpojaip cpioca hi ccen.
d Magh AiMie — A plain in the south of the county of Kildare.
e Almhain. — Now the hill of Allen, about five miles north of the town of Kildare.
f Ceann-eich : i. e. Hill of the Horse, now Kinneigh, in the county of Kildare, adjoining Wicklow.
g Cliachs — These were in Idrone, in the pre- sent county of Carlow.
h Aidhne. — A territory in the south-west of the county of Galway, comprising the barony of Kiltartan See Magh Aidhne.
' Burned in the house of Cleiteach The death
of Muircheartach, who was the first monarch of Ireland of the Cinel-Eoghain or race of Eoghan, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, is entered in
the Annals of Tighernach as follows :
" A. D. 533. 6a6u j TTluipceapcuij mic 6pca acelcumapina,ai6ceSamna, a mullac Cleici^ uap 6omo."
" A.D. 533. The drowning of Muircheartach mac Erca in a puncheon of wine, on the night of Samhain, on the summit of Cletty, over the Boyne."
And thus in the Annals of Ulster :
" A. D. 533. Dimersio Muircertaig filii Erce in dolio plena vino, in arce Cletig, supra Boin."
" A. D. 535. Velhic badhadh Murchertaig mic Erca, secundum alios."
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, as translated by Mageoghegan, it is noticed as follows :
" A. D. 533. King Moriertagh having had
527.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
175
The battle of Eibhlinne by Muircheartach mac Earca ; the battle of Magh- Ailbhed; the battle of Almhain6; the battle of Ceann-eichf; the plundering of the Cliachs8; and the battle of Aidhneh against the Connaughtmen ; of which battles Ceannfaeladh said :
The battle of Ceann-eich, the battle of Almhain, —
It was an illustrious famous period,
The devastation of the Cliachs, the battle of Aidhne,
And the battle of Magh-Ailbhe.
* •
Cairell, son of Muireadhach Muindearg, King of Ulidia, died.
Oilill, son of Dunking, King of Leinster, died.
The Age of Christ, 527. After Muircheartach, son of Muireadhach, son of Eoghan, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, had been twenty-four years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was burned in the house of Cleiteach1, over the Boyne, on the night of Samhain [the first of November], after being drowned in wine. Sin composed this quatrain :
•
I am Taetan, the woman who killed the chief of Niall ; Gannadhaighj is my name, in every place and road.
Ceanfaeladh said :
The king Mac Earca returns to the side of the Ui-Neill ;
Blood reached the girdlesk in each plain ; the exterior territories were enriched ;
prosperous success, as well before he came to the crown as after, against these that rebelled against him, he was at last drowned in a kyve of wine, in one of his own manour houses called Cleytagh, neer the river of Boyne, by a fairie woman that burned the house over the king's head, on Hollandtide. The king, thinking to save his life from burning, entered the kyve of wine, and was so high that the wine could not keep him for depth, for he was fifteen foot high ! as it is laid down in a certain book of his life and death. This is the end of the King Mo- riertagh, who was both killed, drowned, and burned together, through his own folly, that trusted this woman, contrary to the advice of
St. Carneagh."
' Gannadaigh. — In the Leabhar- Gabhala of the O'Clerys, the reading is Gamadaigh. In the historical tale on the death of Muircheartach, the concubine who burned the house of Cletty over his head is called by various names, as Sin, Taetan, Gaeth, Garbh, Gemadaig, Ochsad, and lachtadh, all which have certain meanings which the writer of the story turns to account in making this lady give equivocal answers to the king. The name Sin, means storm ; Taetan, fire ; Gaeth, wind ; Garbh, rough ; Gemadaigh, wintry ; Ochsad, a groan ; lactadh, lamentation.
k Blood reached the girdles — This is a hyper- bolical mode of expressing great slaughter : " Ut
176
CINNCKXI
[528.
PO peace pfpaip no caippri, acup biD cian bup cuman, Oo bfpc sialla Ua Neill, ta gmlla moije TTlurhan.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo pice a hocc. Qn ceD bliaDain Do Uuacal TTlaol- gapb, mac Copbmaic Caoich, mic Coipppe, mic Neill, i pi£e nGpeann.
CachLuachpa.moipeecip Da inbfp,ppipa pairfp carhQilbe i mbpfghaib, pia cUuacal TTlaoljapb, pop Ciannachcaibh TTlioe.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo cpiocha a haon. Qn ceacparhab bliaoham Do Cuaral. Carh Claonlocha hi cCenel Qoba pia n^oibnearm, caoipioc Ua piacpach QiDne, aipm in po mapbaD Rlaine, mac Cfpbaill, 05 copnamh jeillpme Ua TTlaine Connacc.
Qotp Cpiopr, cuig ceD cpiocha a cfcaip. Qn peachcrhab bliabain Do Cuaral. S. TTlochca, eppucc Cujmaij, Depcipul pacpaig, an naomab la Decc DO mi Qgupc po paoiD a ppipac Do cum mme, ap paip cuccab an cua- pupccbdil pi.
piacail TTIochna ba maic bep, cpf cheD bliaDain, buan an cfp, c niompail pece puap gan mi'p monmaip pece piop.
533, which agrees with the Annals of Ulster. Animosus, in the fourth Life of St. Bridget, published by Colgan, c. 99, has the following notice of the accession of King Tuathal :
" Anno xxx. post obitum S. Patricii, regnante in Themoria Eegum Hibernise Murchiarta mac Ere, cui successit in regno Tuathal Moelgarbh obiit S. Brigida."— Trias Thaum., p. 562.
01 Ailblie, in Breagh — This is the place now called Cluan-Ailbhe situated in the barony of Upper Duleek, and county of Meath. Luachair- mor tier da Inbher denotes " large rushy land between two streams or estuaries." The terri- tory of Cianachta-Breagh comprised the baronies of Upper and Lower Duleek. — See note under Battle of Crinna, A. D. 226, supra.
11 Claenloch, in Cinel-Aedha. — The name Claen- loch is now obsolete. Cinel-Aedha, anglice Kine- lea, was the name of O'Shaughnessy's country, lying around the town of Gort, in the barony of Kiltartan, and county of Galway.
hastes ad genua eorundem fuso cruore nata- rent." IntheLeabhar-Gabkala of the O'Clerys the reading is as follows :
" Pillip an pi, ITlac 6pca, illeir Ua Peilt, piece puil pepna in cec nir, bpojhaipCpichi
Cem, po peace beipip no! ccaippchi, acup ba cian
Bup cuthan, Oo bepac gialla Ua HeiU, la jialla maijhe
muman."
" The king, Mac Erca, returns to the side of the
Ui-Neill, Blood reached the girdles in each battle, an
encrease to Crich-Cein! Seven times he brought nine chariots, and,
long shall it be remembered, He bore away the hostages of the Ui-Noill, with the hostages of the plain of Munster."
1 Tuaihal Maelgarbh O'Flaherty places the
accession of Tuthalius Calvoasper in the year
528.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 177
Seven times he brought nine chariots, and long shall it be remembered He bore away the hostages of the Ui-Neill, with the hostages of the plain of Munster.
The Age of Christ, 528. The first year of Tuathal Maelgarbh1, son of Cormac Caech, son of Cairbre, son of Mall, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The battle of Luachair-mor between the two Invers, which is called the battle of Ailbhe, in Breaghm, by Tuathal Maelgarbh, against the Cianachta of Meath.
The Age of Christ, 531. The fourth year of Tuathal. The battle of Claenloch, in Cinel-Aedh", by Goibhneann0, chief of Ui-Fiachrach-Aidhne, where Maine, son of Cearbhall, was killed, in defending the hostages of Ui-Maine of Connaughtp.
The Age of Christ, 534. The seventh year of Tuathal. Saint Mochta, Bishop of Lughmhaghq, disciple of St. Patrick, resigned his spirit to heaven on the nineteenth day of August. It was of him the following testimony was given :
The teeth of Mochta1 of good morals, for three hundred years, lasting the rigour ! Were without [emitting] an erring word out from them, without [admitting] a morsel of obsonium inside them.
0 Goibhneann — This Goibhneann was the great descended from Maine, son of Niall of the Nine
grandfather of the celebrated Guaire Aidhne, Hostages. After the establishment of surnames
King of Connaught, who died in the year 662. O'Kelly was chief of Ui-Maine, in Connaught,
He was the son of Conall, son of Eoghan Aidhne, and O'Catharnaigh, now Fox, chief of Tir-Many,
son of Eochaidh Breac, who was the third son or Teffia.
of Dathi, the last Pagan monarch of Ireland. q Mochta, Bishop ofLughmhagh: i. e. Mocteus,
He is the ancestor of the Ui-Fiachrach-Aidhne, Bishop of Louth. — See note 8, under A. D. 448;
whose country was coextensive with the diocese and note u, under A. D. 1 176.
of Kilmacduagh. — See Genealogies, Tribes, and ' The teeth of Mochta — These verses are also
Customs of ' Hy-Fiachrach, pp. 373, 374, and the quoted, with some slight variations of reading,
large genealogical table in the same work. in the gloss on the FeUire-Aengius, preserved in
P Ui-Maine, of Connaught — The people of Hy- the Leahhar- Breac, after 15th April, and in
Many, seated in the present counties of Gal way O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 19th August, which
and Roscommon. These were an offset of the is one of the festivals of St. Mochta. They are
Oirghialla or Clann-Colla, and are here called also given (excepting the last quatrain), with a
" of Connaught," to distinguish them from the Latin translation, by Colgan, Acta Sanctorum,
Ui-Maine of Teffia, in Westmeath, who were 24 Mart., as follows :
2 A
178
[535.
pichic peanoip ppalmach, a cfglach piojba pemeann, J5an ap, gem buain, gan cfopaD, jan gmorhpab, accmab leijionn. Peap cpf pichic pfp cpf ceD, apcapuin ap pean an Dec, Mi mo cm ogan po jail, ip aicpibe an pfinpiacail.
CtoipCpiopc.cuicc ceD cpiocha a cuij. Qn cochcmab bliabain DoCuacal. Gaclaip Doipe Caljaij Do pochughab la Colom Cille, lap ne&baipc an baile DO Dia Depbpine pen .1. Cenel cConaill ^ulban mic Nell.
Copbmac, mac Oiblla, pi Lai jfn, Decc.
Oilill, eppcop Ctpoa TTlacha, DO ecc. Oo UiB bpfpal DoipiDe beop.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceD cpiocha a peachc. Qn DeachmaD bliaDain Do Uuacal. S. LughaiD, eppucc Connepe, Decc.
Cach Slijighe pia bpfpgup i pia nOomnall, Da mac TTluipcfpcai j, mic Gapcca, pia nQinmipe, mac SeDna, •] pia nQinDiD, mac Ouach, pop Gojan bel, pi Connachc. T?o meabaiD an each pfmpa, Do pochaip Gojan 6el, Dia nebpaD inDpo.
pichcep each Ua piachpach, la pfipcc paobaip, cap imbel, buap namac pprplfjha, ppecha in cac i CpinDep.
Sexaginta seniores psalmicani, choriato ejus familia augusta et magnifica,
Qui nee arabant, nee metebant, nee tritura-- bant, nee aliud faciebant, quam studiis in- cumbere."— Acta Sanctorum, p. 734.
Colgan then goes on to shew that cpi cdo bliaoan is an error for cpi pe ceo bliaoon, or ppi p6 ceo bliaoam, i. e. for a period of one hundred years ; and he quotes four lines from a poem by Cumineus of Connor, to shew that Mochta lived only one hundred years in this state of austerity.
s Doire-Chalgaigh. — Now Derry or London- derry. The name Doire-Chalgaigh is translated Roboretum Calgachi by Adamnan, in his Life of Columba, lib. i. c. 20. According to tEe Annals of Ulster this monastery was founded in 545, which is evidently the true year.
" A. D. 545. Daire Coluim Cille fundata est."
" piacuil FDocca, ba tnaic b6p ! cpf c6o blia-
6an (buan an dip) gan jhur niompuill peice punp ! jan riiip
nionmaip peice pip.
Nip bo oocca muinnceplTlocca! Cujmaijlip: Cpt ceo pajapc, um ceo neppoc! maille
Cpi picio peanoip palmac! a ceajlac pioj-
6a pemeno : ^an ap, jan Buain, jan ciopao, gan jniorh-
pao, aco mao lejeno."
" Denies Moctei, qui fuit moribus integer, spa-
tio trecentorum annorum (quantus rigor!) Nee verbum otiosum extra emisere, nee quid-
quam obsonii intra admisere. Non fuit angusta familia Moctei, Lugmagensis
Monasterii : Trecentiprassbyteri, et centum Episcopi, erant
cum ipso
535.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 179
Three-score psalm-singing seniors, his household of regal course,
Without tilling, reaping, or threshing, without any work but reading.
A man of three-score, a man of three hundred, blessed be God, how old the
teeth ! Not more has the youth under valour ! How lasting the ancient teeth !
The Age of Christ, 535. The eighth year of Tuathal. The church of Doire-Calgaigh* was founded by Colum Cille, the place having been granted to him by his own tribe1, i. e. the race of Conall Gulban, son of Niall.
Cormac, son of Ailill, King of Leinster, died.
Oilill, Bishop of Armagh", died. He was also of the Ui-Breasail.
The Age of Christ, 537. The tenth year of Tuathal. St. Lughaidh, Bishop of Connor, died.
The battle of Sligeach" by Fearghus and Domhnall, the two sons of Muir- cheartach mac Earca ; by Ainmire, son of Sedna ; and Ainnidh, son of Duach, against Eoghan Bel, King of Connaught. They routed the forces before them, and Eoghan Bel was slain, of which was said :
The battle of the Ui-Fiachrach was fought with fury of edged weapons against
Bel, The kine of the enemy roared with the javelins, the battle was spread out at
Grinder*. < '•., ..
Colgan, who does not appear to have observed who died in 526 — See note under that year,
this date in the Ulster Annals, has come to the and Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 37. conclusion that it could not have been erected w Sligeach: i.e. the River Sligo, which rises
before the year 540, as St. Columbkille was in Lough Gill, and washes the town of Sligo. born in the year 516 [recte 518] — See Trias * At Grinder. — This might be read "at
Thaum., p. 502. Kinder," but neither form of the name is now
* His own tribe. — St. Columbkille was the son extant. There is a very curious account of this
of Feidhlim, son of Fearghus Ceannfada, who battle of Sligeach in the Life of St. Ceallach,
was son of Conall Gulban, the ancestor of Kinel- Bishop of Kilmore-Moy, who was the son of
Connell, the most distinguished families of Eoghan Bel, King of Connaught who was slain
whom were the O'Canannans, O'Muldorrys, in this battle. It states that Eoghan lived three
O'Donnells, O'Dohertys, O'Boyles, and O'Gal- days, or, according to other accounts, a week,
laghers, who always regarded St. Columbkille after being mortally wounded in this battle,
as their relative and patron. That when he felt his own strength giving way,
u Oilill, Bishop of Armagh.— He is otherwise and saw that death was inevitable, he advised
called Ailill. He succeeded his relative Ailill I., his own people, the Ui-Fiachrach, to send for
2 A2
180
cnwata Rio^hachca emeawN.
[538.
dp celc Slicech DO mup map Fuile
bepcair ilaij rap 6ba, im cfnD nGogham beoil.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo rpiocha a hochr. lap mbfir aon bliabam Decc hi pfghe nGpeann DO Uuacal TTlaoljapb, mac Copbmaic Caoich, mic Coipppe, mic Nell, copchaip i n^pea^'S eillce la TTlaolmop, mac Cfipgfoain, oioe Oiapmooa mic Cfpbaill epibe, -\ DO pochaip TTlaolmop inD po cheoop, Dia nebpaDh,
Gchc TTlaoile moip naD mall, nf gniom coip po CITID,
TTlapbaD Uuacoil cpein, aopochaip pein inn.
his son Ceallach, who was at Clonmacnoise, under the tuition of St. Kieran, to be prepared for holy orders, and entreat of him to accept of the kingdom of Connaught, as his second son, Muireadhach, was not of fit age to succeed him. His people did so, and Ceallach, fired with am- bition at the news of his being the next heir to the kingdom of Connaught, forgot his promises to St. Kieran, and eloped from him, despite of all his remonstrances and threats. The result was that St. Kieran denounced and cursed him solemnly, which finally wrought his destruction. According to this authority, Eoghan Bel or- dered his people to bury his body on the south side of Sligeach, in a standing position, with his red javelin in his hand, and with his face turned towards Ulster, as if fighting with his enemies. This was accordingly done, and the result is said to have been that, as long as the body was left in that position, the Connaughtmen routed the Ulstennen, who fled, panic-stricken, whenever they came in collision with them. But the Ulstennen, learning the cause of such a talis- manic result, disinterred the body of Eoghan Bel, and, carrying it northwards over the River Sligeach, buried it, with the face under, at the cemetery of Aenach-Locha-Gile, on the north side of the river, and thus restored their natural courage to the Ulstermen — See note s, under the year 458, pp. 144, 145, supra, where the
body of the monarch Laeghaire is said to have been interred at Tara, accoutred in his battle dress, and with his face turned against his ene- mies, the Leinstermen, as if defying them to battle — See also Genealogies, Tribes, fyc., of Hy- Fiachrach, pp. 472, 473.
y Eabha Now Machaire-Eabha, a plain at
the foot of the mountain of Binbulbin, to the north of the River Sligo, through which the Ulster army generally marched on their incur- sions into Connaught.
' Greallach-eittte : i. e. the Miry Place of the Does. According to the Book of Lecan, this place is situated at the foot of Sliabh Gamh. In the Annals of Ulster the death of Tuathal Maelgarbh is entered under the year 543, as follows :
" A. D. 543. Tuathal Maelgarb juguLaius esl a nGreallach-Alta la Maelmorda, cui successit Diarmait mac Cearbhail, Bex Hibernue."
" A. D. 548. Vel hoc anno Tuathal Maelgarb interiit in Grellach Elte, Rex Temorie jugulatus per Maelmore, qui et ipse statim occisus est; unde dicitur, the Greate act of Maelmore." — Cod. Clar.
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, however, it is stated that he was killed at Greallach-Daphill [which is situated on the River LifFey, in the present county of Kildare], in the year 547, but the true year is 544, as appears from Tigh- ernach. The Annals of Clonmacnoise give the
538.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
181
The Sligeach bore to the great sea the blood of men with their flesh,
They carried many trophies across Eabhay, together with the head of Eoghan Bel.
The Age of Christ, 538. After Tuathal Maelgarbh, son of Cormac Caech, son of Cairbre, son of Niall, had been eleven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain, at Greallach-eilltez, by Maelmor, son of Airgeadan, who was the tutor of Diarmaid mac Cearbhaill ; and Maelmor fell in revenge of it thereof immediately, of which was said :
The fate of Maelmor was not slow; it was not a just deed he accomplished, The killing of the mighty Tuathal ; he himself fell for it.
following account of the manner in which this monarch came by his death :
"A. D. 535. Twahal Moylegarve began his reign, and reigned eleven years. He was son of Cormack Keigh, who was son of Carbrey, who was son of Neal of the Nine Hostages. He caused Dermot Mac Kervel to live in exile, and in desert places, because he claimed to have a right to the crown."
" A. D. 547 [rede 544]. King Twahal having proclaimed throughout the whole kingdom the banishment of Dermot Mac Kervel, with a great reward to him that would bring him his heart, the said Dermot, for fear of his life, lived in the deserts of Clonvicknose (then called Artibra) ; and meeting with the abbot St. Keyran, in the place where the church of Clonvicknose now stands, who was but newly come hither to dwell from Inis-Angin" [now InipQinjm, alias Hares' Island, in the Shannon], "and having no house or place to reside and dwell in, the said Dermot gave him his assistance to make a house there ; and in thrusting down in the earth one of the peers of the tymber or wattles of the house, Dermot took St. Keyran's hand, and did put it over his own hand in sign of reverence to the saint. Whereupon St. Keyran humbly be- sought God, of his great goodness, that by that time to-morrow ensuing that the hands of Dermot might have superiority over all Ireland,
which fell out as the saint requested; for Mul- morrie O'Hargedie, foster-brother of the said Dermot, seeing in what perplexity the noble- man was in, besought him that he would be pleased to lend him his black horse, and that he would make his repair to Greallie-da-Phill, where he heard King Twahal to have a meeting with some of his nobles, and there would pre- sent him a whealp's heart on a spear's head, in- stead of Dermot's heart, and by that means get access to the King, whom he would kill out of hand, and by the help and swiftness of his horse save his own life, whether they would or no. Dermot, lystening to the words of his foster- brother, was among" [between] " two extre- mities, loath to refuse him, and far more loath to lend it him, fearing he should miscarry, and be killed ; but between both he granted him his request; whereupon he prepared himself, and went as he resolved, mounted on the black horse, a heart besprinkled with blood on his spear, to the place where he heard the King to be. The King and people, seeing him come in that man- ner, supposed that it was Dermot's heart that was to be presented by the man that rode in poste haste ; the whole multitude gave him way to the King; and when he came within reach to the King, as though to tender him the heart, he gave the King such a deadly blow of his fpear that he (the King) instantly fell down
182
[539-
Goip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo cpiocha a naoi. Qn ceio bliabain Do Oiapmaicc, mac pfpjupa Ceippbeoil, i pije nGpeann. Oicfnoaoh Gbacuc i naonach 'Cailcfn cpe miopbailib Oe -| Ciapdin .1. luije neicij Do paDpom po laim Ciapam, co po gab aillpe pop a mumel (.1. ap pop a muinel po puipim Ciapan a lam) co copcaip a ceano oe.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuijj ceo cfrpacha a haon. Ctn cpeap bliaoain Do Oiapmaic. S. Qilbe, aipoeppoc Imlich lubaip, Oecc an Dapa la Decc Do Seprembep.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo ceacpacha a rpf. Ctn cuijeaD blia&ain Do Oiap- maic. pidij egpamail coiccfnn ap pf6 na cpuinne, gup pgpiop an rpian bii aipmionice Don cinfo Daonna.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo cfcpacha, a cfraip. Qn peipeaO blia&ain Do Oiapmaic. S. TTlobf Clapameach .1. bfpchan 6 5^aiP NaiDen, pop bpu abano Lippe, Don Ifir i rcuaiD, Decc, an Dapa la Decc Do mi Occobep.
Cach Guile Conaipe i cCfpa pia bphfpjup -j pia nOomnall Da mac
dead in the midst of his people; whereupon the man was upon all sides besett, and at last taken and killed ; so as speedy news came to Dermot, who immediately went to Taragh, and there was crowned King, as St. Keyran" [had] " prayed and prophesied before." — See also Ussher's Primordia, pp. 947, 954, 957, 1064, 1065, 1139.
a The first year of Diarmaid. — The accession of Diarmaid is entered in the Clarendon copy of the translation of the Annals of Ulster, torn. 49, under the year 544, as follows :
" A. D. 544. Mortalitas prima quee dicitur Blefed, in qua Mobi Claireineach obiit. Mors Comgail mac Domangairt, ut aliidicunt. Diarmot, mac Fergussa, Ceirbeoil, mic Conaill Cremthain, mic Neill Naigiallaig, regnare incipit, secundum Librum Cuanach."
It should be here remarked that in Doctor O'Conor's edition of the Annals of Ulster the pedigree of Diarmaid is made that of Congal mac Domangairt, King of Scotland, by a mistake of his own, or of his original. This error, he ob- serves, is in the Clarendon and Bodleian copies ;
but this is not true, for the passage is correct, and as above printed, in the Clarendon manu- script, torn. 49.
b Abacuc, — This extraordinary story is also given in the Annals of Tighernach. It would appear from the Dublin copy of the Annals of Innisfallen, that he was brought to Clonmac- noise to be cured, and that he lived six years afterwards ! — See the Irish version of Nennius, where different versions of this story are given.
c Indeach-Iubhair: i. e. the Holm or Strath of the Yew, now Emly, in the county of Tippe- rary. See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, pp. 489, 491. In the Annals of Ulster, and the Bodleian copy of the Annals of Inisfallen, the death of Ailbhe is entered under the year 526, which seems the true year; but it is re- peated in the Annals of Ulster at 541. Ware quotes the Life of St. Declan, and the Life of St. Ailbhe, to shew that Emly was made the seat of the archbishopric of Munster, in the lifetime of St. Patrick, and that St. Ailbhe was constituted archbishop ; and Ussher (Primordia, p. 866) quotes an old Irish distich from Declan's
539.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
183
The Age of Christ, 539. The first year of Diarmaid", son of Fearghus Ceirrbheoil, in the sovereignty of Ireland. The decapitation of Abacucb at the fair of Tailltin, through the miracles of God and Ciaran ; that is, a false oath he took upon the hand of Ciaran, so that a gangrene took him in his neck (i. e. St. Ciaran put his hand upon his neck), so that it cut off his head.
The Age of Christ, 541. The third year of Diarmaid. St. Ailbhe, Arch- bishop of Imleach-Iubhairc, died on the twelfth day of September.
The Age of Christ, 543. The fifth year of Diarmaid. There was an ex- traordinary universal plagued through the world, which swept away the noblest third part of the human race.
The Age of Christ, 544. The sixth year of Diarmaid. St. Mobhi Cla- raineach6, i. e. Berchan of Glais-Naidhenf, oft the brink of the Liffey, on the north side, died on the second day of the month of October.
The battle of Cuil-Conaire, in Ceara8, [was fought] by Fearghus and Dom'h-
Life, to shew that St. Ailbhe was called the "Patrick" of Munster. It is said that St. Ailbhe was converted to Christianity so early as the year 360 (Ussher, Index Chron. ad an. 360) ; but this is incredible, if he lived either till 526 or 541. Tirechan says that he was ordained a priest by St. Patrick, and this is evi- dently the truth. His festival was celebrated at Emly on the 12th of September.
d Universal plague This plague, which was
called by the Irish Blefed, is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 544, and in the Annals of •Clonmacnoise under 546. In most chronological tables it is noticed under the year 543, as having passed from Africa into Europe. It is thus entered in Tighernach's Annals:
" Kal. Jan.fer. 1, anno postquam Papa Vigi- lius obiit, Mortalitas magna que Blefed dicitur, in qua Mobi Clarinach, cut nomen est Berchan, obiit."
" St. Mobhi Claraineach : i. e. Mobhi of the flat Face (tabulata facie) — See O'Donnell's Vita Columbce, lib. i. c. 43; Trias Thaum., 396.
f Glais-Naidhen — Now Glasnevin, near Dub- lin. Dr. Lanigan asserts, in his Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. ii. p. 78, that Glais- Naidhen must have been on the south side of the River Liffey, because it was in the territory of Galenga; ; but this generally acute and honest writer was imposed on in this instance by the fabrications of Beauford and Rawson. The Four Masters should have described it as " near the Liffey to the north," or " popBpu Pionnglaipe FP' tipe a ocuaio, on the brink of the Finglass, to the north of the Liffey," and not " on the margin of the Liffey." — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 613, where Glais-Naoidhen is de- scribed as "in regione GalengK, et juxta Lif- feum fluvium in Lagenia."
Mageoghegan states, in his Annals of Clon- macnoise^ that he " is supposed to be" [the same as the prophet] " called in English Merlin."
* Cuil-Conaire, in Ceara — There is no place now bearing this name in the barony of Ceara, or Carra, in the county of Mayo/ This battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 549, as follows :
184
[545.
TTluipcfpcaich mic Gapcca, pop Qilill Inb'anoa, pi Conoachr, -j pop Qooh ppopcarhail, i copchaip Qilill -] Gooh ann.
Qoip Cpiopr, cui5 ceo cfcpacha a cuig. "Qn peaccrhab bliabain Do Oiap- S. Qilbe Sfnchuae Ua nOiliolla oecc.
maic.
Qoip Cpiopr, GUIS ceo cfrpacha ape. Qn rochcrhab bliabain Do Diap- maicc. Cach Cuilne in po mapbab pocaibe Do Chopc Oice rpia epnaibe n-loe Cluana cpeabail. porhab mac Conaill Oecc. Caipppe, mac Copp- maic, pi Laijfn, Do ecc.
Qoip Cpiopr, cui5 ceo cfrpacha a peachc. Qn naomab bliabain Do Oiapmair. Ri Ulaoh, 6ochai6, mac Conolaib, mic Caolb'aib, mic Cpuinn 6a6pai, oecc.
Coipeac Uearhba, Cpiomrann, mac bpiuin, Decc.
8. Dubrach, abb Qpoa TTlaca, DO ecc. Oo pfol Colla Uaip Dopi&e.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceD cfcpacha a hochc. Q Deich Do Diapmaicc. 3. Ciapan mac an cpaoip, ab Cluana mic Noip, Decc an naomab la Do Sep- rembep. Upi bliabna cpiocha poc a paojail.
" A. D. 549. Bellum Guile Conaire i gCera, ubi cecidit Ailill Inbanna, ri Connacbt acus Aed Fortobal, a brathair. Fergus et Domnall, da mac Muircheartaig mic Earca, victores erant.
" A. D. 549. The battle of Cuil-Conaire in Ceara" [was fought] "where fell Ailill Inbanna, King of Connaught, and his brother, Aedh the Brave. Fearghus and Domhnall, the two sons of Muircheartach mac Earca, were the victors." — See Genealogies, Tribes, and Customs of Hy- Fiachrach, p. 313.
h Seanchua-Ua-nOiliolla Now Shancoe, a
parish in the barony of Tir-Oiliolla, or Tirerrill, in the county of Sligo. This church is men- tioned in the Annotations of Tirechan, in the Book of Armagh, fol. 15, a, a; and in the Tri- partite Life of St. Patrick, part ii. c. 35 ; Trias Thaum., p. 134.
' Cuilne. — Not identified. This passage is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 551, thus :
" A. D. 551. Bellum Cuilne, in quo ceciderunt
Corcu Oche Muman, oraiionibus Itce Cluana."
k Corcoiche. — These were a sept of the Ui- Fidhgeinte, seated in the present county of Limerick, in the barony of Lower Connello, of whom, after the establishment of surnames, O'Macassy was the chieftain. The celebrated St. Molua, of Cluain-feartaMolua, in the Queen's County, was of this sept, but St. Ida was their patron — See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, iii. c. 81.
1 Cluain-Creadhail. — NowKilleedy, an ancient church in a parish of the same name, in the barony of Upper Connello and county of Lime- rick, and about five miles to the south of New- castle. This monastery is described in the Life of St. Ita, as well as in that of St. Brendan, as situated at the foot of Sliabh-Luachra, in the west of the territory of Ui- Conaill- Gabhra; and the writer of the Life of St. Brendan states that it was Kill-Ite in his own time — See Life of St. Ita apud Colgan, 15th Jan.
mFothadh,sonofConall — Some of these events are misplaced in the Annals of the Four Masters,
545.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
185
nail, two sons of Muircheartach mac Earca, against Ailill Inbhanda, King of Connaught, and Aedh Fortamhail ; and Ailill and Aedh were slain.
The Age of Christ, 545. The seventh year of Diarmaid. St. Ailbhe, of Seanchu-Ua-nOiliollah, died.
The Age of Christ, 546. The battle of Cuilne1, in which many of the Corcoiche* were slain through the prayers of [St.] Ida, of Cluain-Creadhail. Fothadh, son of Conallm, died. Cairbre, son of Corroac, King of Leinster, died.
The Age of Christ, 547. The ninth year of Diarmaid. The King of Ulidia, Eochaidh, son of Connla", son of Caelbhadh, son of Crunn Badhrai, died.
The chief of Teathbha, Crimhthann, son of Brian0, died.
St. Dubhthach", Abbot of Ard-Macha [Armagh], died. He was of the race of Colla Uais.
The Age of Christ, 548. The tenth year of Diarmaid. St. Ciaran", son of the artificer, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Noisr, died on the ninth day of September. Thirty-three years was the length of his life.
as will appear from the Annals of Ulster and Clonmacnoise :
" A. D. 551. Mors Fothaid, JUii Conaill."— Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 550. Fohagh mac Conell died."— An- nals of Clonmacnoise.
" Eochaidh, son ofConnla " A.D.552. Mors
Eachach mic Conleid, ri Ulad a quo omnes I- Eachach-Ulad." — Ann. Ult., Clarendon, torn. 49.
"A. D. 550. Ahagh mac Conlay, King of Ul- ster, of whom Ivehagh is called." — Ann. Clon.
° Crimhthann, son of Brian — "A.D.552. Mors Crimthain mic Briuin. Sic in Libra Cuanach invent." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 550. Criowhan mac Briwyn, King of Teafia, died."
This Crimhthann (Criffan) was the brother of Brendan, chief of Teffia, who granted the site of Dearmhagh, now Burrow, to St. Columbkille. He was son of Brian, son of Maine (the ancestor of the Ui-Maine of Meath, otherwise called the men of Teffia), who was son of the monarch Niall of the Nine Hostages.
2
p Dubhthach — In the Annals of Ulster he is called Duach:
" A. D. 547. Duach, abbas Arda Macha, do siol Colla Uais, quievit."
But he is called Dubhthach in the list of the archbishops of Armagh preserved in the Psalter of Cashel, and this is the true form of the name. — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 38 ; also at the year 513.
' St. Ciaran — "A.D. 548. Dormitatio Ciarain mic an tsaoir anno xxxiv etatis sue." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 547. King Dermot was not above seven months king, when St. Keyran died in Clonvicknose, when he dwelt therein but seven months before, in the thirty-third year of his age, the 9th of September. His father's name was Beoy, a Connaughtman, and a carpenter. His mother, Darerca, of the issue of Corck mac Fergus Mac Eoye, of the Clanna-Eowries, &c., &c. His body was buried in the little church of Clonvicknose." — Ann. Clon.
' Cluain-mic-Nois. — Now Clonmacnoise, other- wise called the " seven churches," situated on
186
[548.
8. Uijfpnach, eappocCluana heoaip, Do ool Decc an cfrpamaD odppil.
S. TTlac Uail Cille Cuilinn (.1. Gojan mac Copcpam) oecc, an raonmab la oecc Do mf lun. 8. Colum mac Cpiomehamn Decc.
8. Sinceall pfn, mac Cfnanoam, abb Cille achaio Opoma poDa, DO &ol Decc an peipeaO la pichfc DO TTlapca, cpiocha ap cpi ceo bliabain poD a paojail.
8. Oohpdn, o Leicpiochaib' Oopdin, Decc an Dapa la Do mi Occobep.
8. pinDen, abbCluana hGpaipo, oioe naom Gpeann, Decc, 12 Oecembep. 8. Colaim Innpi Cealrpa Decc. Oon mopclaD Dap bo hamm an Chpon
the east side of the Shannon, in the barony of Garrycastle, and King's County. This was founded by St. Ciaran in the year 547, accord- ing to the Annals of Ulster.
s Cluain-eois — Now Clones, in the barony of Dartry, and county of Monaghan. The Annals of Ulster agree in placing his death in this year.
1 CM- Cuilinn. — Now old Kilcullen, in the county of Kildare. The Annals of Ulster agree with this date, but the Annals of Clonmacnoise place the death of Mac Tail in the year 550.
" Colum, son of Crimhthann. — According to the Feilire-Aenguis and the Calendar and Ge- nealogies of the Irish Saints, compiled by Mi- chael O'Clery, he was abbot of Tir-da-ghlais (now Terryglass, near the Shannon, in the ba- rony of Lower Ormond, and county of Tippe- rary), where his festival was celebrated on the 13th of December. O'Clery remarks that, al- though he was called Mac Crimhthann, he was really the son of Ninnidh, who was the fifth in descent from Crimhthann. He should, there- fore, be called Colam Ua-Crimlithainu, and in the Annals of Ulster he is called " Colum nepos Crumthainn." Thus :
" A. D. 548. Mortalitas magna in qua istipau- sant Colum nepos Crumthainn, et Mac Tail Cille Cuilinn," &c.
™ Cill-achaidh Droma-foda — Now Killeigh, in the barony of Geshill, King's County — See notes
under A. D. 1393 and 1447. St. Sincheall, the elder, was the son of Cennfhionnan, who was the ninth in descent from Cathaeir Mor, mo- narch of Ireland. His festival was celebrated at Killeigh, on the 26th of March. St. Sin- cheall, junior, was his relative, and his festival was celebrated on the 25th of June. — See Col- gan's Ada Sanctorum, pp. 747, 748.
* Thirty and three hundred years. — Colgan thinks that this number should be 130. His words are as follows :
" Ita Quatuor Mag. in Annalibus ad eundem annum dicentes : ' S. Senchellus senior, jtims Cen- nannani, Abbas de Kitt-achuidh-Drumfhoda, obiit 26 Martii vixit annis 330.' Et idem quoad an- nos vitae ejus tradit Maguir ad 26 Martii, et Scholiastes Festilogii ^Engussianni, ex cujus depravato (ut reor) textu hie error videtur originem duxisse. In eo enim legitur, tricked bliadhan If tridhich, .i. trecenti anni, et triginta, ubi legendum potius videtur re died bliadhan fy tridheich .i. spatio centum annorum, & triginta. Nam qui anno 548 obiit, si tricentis triginta annis vixisset, debuit natus fuisse anno 219, quod plane est incredibile ; cum nullus author indicet ipsum floruisse ante tempera S. Patricii, qui anno 432 in Hiberniam venit." — Acta Sanc- torum, p. 748, not. 10.
y Leitrioch-Odhrain. — Now Latteragh, in the barony of Upper Ormond, and county of Tippe-
548.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
187
St. Tighearnach, Bishop of Cluain-eoiss, died on the 4th of April.
St. Mac Tail of Cill-Cuilinir (i. e. Eoghan, son of Corcran), died on the eleventh day of the month of June. St. Colum, son of Crimhthann", died.
St. Sincheall the elder, son of Ceanannan, Abbot of Cill-achaidh Droma- foda", died on the twenty-sixth day of March. Thirty and three hundred years1 was the length of his life.
St. Odhran, of Leitrioch-Odhrain", died on the second day of the month of October.
St. Finnen, Abbot of Cluain-Erairdz, tutor of the saints of Ireland, died. St. Colam, of Inis-Cealtraa, died. Of the mortality which was called the Cron-
rary See Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 191.
His festival is set down in O'Clery's Irish Ca- lendar at 2nd October, and again at 26th Oc- tober. His church of Letracha is referred to, in the Feilire-Aenguis, at 27th October, as in the territory of Muscraighe-Thire.
1 Cluain-Eraird : i. e. Erard's Lawn or Mea- dow. Erard or Irard was a man's proper name, very common amongst the ancient Irish, signi- fying lofty or noble :
" Erard idem quod nobilis altus vel eximius. Erat autem hoc nomen inter Hibernos olim non infrequens, ut patet ex illo a quo Cluain Eraird nomen accepii." — Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, p. 28, not. 4.
Colgan has published all that is known of this tutor of the Irish saints in his Acta Sancto- rum, at 23rd February, where he shews that he lived till the year 563. His festival is set down at 12th of December in the Feilire-Aenguis, in which he is called Finnia; and in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, in which the following notice of him is given :
" St. Finnen, abbot of Clonard, ' son of Finn- logh, son of Fintan, of the Clanna-Eudhraighe. Sir James Ware calls him Finian or Finan, son of Fintan (placing the grandfather in place of the father). He was a philosopher and an emi- nent-divine, who first founded the College of
2
Clonard, in Meath, near the Boyne, where there were one hundred Bishops, and where, with great care and labour, he instructed many cele- brated saints, among whom were the two Kie- rans, the two Brendans, the two Columbs, viz., Columbkille and Columb Mac Crimhthainn, Lasserian, son of Nadfraech, Canice, Mobheus, Rodanus, and many others not here enumerated. His school was, in quality, a holy city, full of wisdom and virtue, according to the writer of his life, and he himself obtained the name of Finnen the Wise. He died on the 1 2th of De- cember, in the year of our Lord 552, or, ac- cording to others, 563, and was buried in his own church at Clonard."
* Inis-Ceahra — An island in the north-west of Loch Deirgdheirc, now Lough Derg, near the village of Scariff, in the county of Clare. It formerly belonged to Kinel-Donnghaile, the ter- ritory of the O'Gradys, in Thomond, or the county of Clare, but is now considered a part of the county of Gal way.
" Colum of Inis-Cealtra" is also mentioned in the Annals of Ulster as dying of the Mortalitas magna in 548, and in the Annals of Clonmac- noise, at 550, as dying of the great pestilence called " The Boye Conneall;" but the Editor has not been able to discover any further account of him. B2
188
[550.
Chonaill,-) ba hipiDe an cheo bui&e Chonmll, acbacpac na naoirh pn, ace Ciapan •] djfpnach.
bap Garach, mic Connlo, pf£ Ula6, a quo Ui Gacac Ula6.— Uijfpnac.
Goip Cpiopc, cuig ceo caocca. Q Do Decc Do Oiapmaicc. OauiD mac Uf popannam, eppcop Qpoa TTlacha, -] Cegaicc na hGpeann uile, DO
ecc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo caocca a haon. G cpi Decc Do Oiapmaicc. 8. Neapan Lobap Decc. peapgna, mac Qongupa, pi UlaD, Do mapbaD hi ccach Opoma cleice la Oeman, mac Caipill, -| la hUib Gachach nGpoa.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceD caocca a Do. Q cfcap Decc Do Oiapmaicc. 6accluip bfnDcaip DO pochujaD la Comjall bfnocaip. peip Ufrhpa DO Dfnam la pij Gpeann, Oiapmaicr, mac pfpgupa Ceppbeoil. TTIapbab Col- main TTioip, mic Oiapmara, ina cappar la Oubploir hUa Upfna DO Chpuic- neacoib.
b Croti-ChonaiU. — This is translated Flava Ictericia, the yellow jaundice, by Colgan. — Acta Sanctorum, p. 831, col. 2 : " Mortalitate Cron- chonnuill (id est flava ictericia) appellata, hi omnes sancti, prater S. Kieranum et S. Tiger- nachum extincti sunt."
c Ulidia. — The Editor shall henceforward use Ulidia for Uladh, when it denotes the portion of the province of Uladh, or Ulster, lying east of the Eiver Bann, and Gleann-Righe, to distin- guish it from the whole province.
d Ui-Eathach- Uladh : i. e. nepotes Eochodii Ulidiae. These were the inhabitants of the ba- ronies of Iveagh, in the county of Down See
Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down and Connor and Dromore, by the Rev. Wm. Reeves, M.B., pp. 348 to 352.
' Guaire. — In the old translation of the An- nals of Ulster, this passage is given as follows :
" A. D. 550. Qfiies Davidis filii Guaire I-Fo- rannain Episcopi Ardmache et Legati totius Hi- bernice."
But Dr. O'Conor says that "Legati totius Hi- bernice" is not to be found in any of the Irish copies of the Ulster Annals. — See Colgan's Trias
Thaum,, p. 293 ; and Harris Ware's Bishops, p. 38.
' Neasan, the leper. — This is Nessan, the patron saint of Mungret, near Limerick, whose festival
was celebrated on the 25th of July See Vita
Tripartita, S. Patricii, part iii. c. 62 ; Trias Thaum., p 157, 185- The death of Nesan, the Leper, is given, in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, under the year 561.
s Druim- Cleithe — This was probably the name of the place on which the church of Cill-cleithe, or Kilclief, in the barony of Lecale, and county of Down, was afterwards built. This entry is given in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 561.
h Ui-Eathach- Arda: i. e. nepotes Eochodii of Ardes, in the county of Down.
1 Bennchair — Now Bangor, in the north of the barony of Ards, in the county of Down. The erection of this church is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the years 554and 558 : " Ecclesia Bennchuir fundata est." Ussher ap- proves of the latter date in his Chronological Index ; and the Annals of Clonmacnoise men- tion the erection of the Abbey of Beanchoir under the year 561.
550.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
189
Chonaillb, — and that was the first Buidhe-Chonaill, — these saints died, except Ciaran and Tighearnach.
The death of Eochaidh, son of Connlo, King of Ulidiac, from whom are the Ui-Eathach-Uladhd.— Tighernach.
The Age of Christ, 550. The twelfth year of Diarmaid. David, son of Guaire" Ua Forannain, Bishop of Ard-Macha [Armagh] and Legate of all Ire- land, died.
The Age of Christ, 551. The thirteenth year of Diarmaid. St. Neasan, the leperf, died. Feargna, son of Aenghus, King of Ulidia, was slain in the battle of Druim-cleitheg, by Deman, son of Caireall, and by the Ui-Eathach- Arda".
The Age of Christ, 552. The church of Bennchar' was founded by Comh- gall of Beannchar. The feast of Teamhaii0 was made by the King of Ireland, Diarmaid, son of Fearghus Ceirbheoil. The killing of Colman Mor", son of Diarmaid, in his chariot, by Dubhshlat Ua Treana, [one] of the Cruithni1.
Under this year (552) the Annals of Ulster contain a curious notice of the discovery of St. Patrick's relics by St. Columbkille. It is given as follows in the old English translation :
" A. D. 552. The reliques of St. Patrick brought by Columbkille to" [a] "shrine 60 yeares after his death. Three precious swearing reliques" [cpi minna uaiple] "were found in the tombe, viz., the relique Coach, the Angell's Gospell, and the bell called Clog uidhechta. The angell thus shewed to Columbkille how to divide these, viz., the Coach to Down, the bell to Armagh, and the Gospell to Columbkille himself; and it is called the Gospell of the Angell, because Columbkille received it at the Angell's hand."
> The feast of Teamhair — " A. D. 567. Cena Temra la Diarmait mac Cearbhail." — Ann. Ult. edit. O'Conor.
" A. D. 567. The Feast of Tarach by Dermott mac Cerbail." — Cod. Claren., torn. 49.
" A. D. 569. Feis Temhra la Diarmait."— O'Conor's Edit.
k Colman Mor. — He was the second son of
King Diarmaid, and the ancestor of the Clann- Colmain of Meatb. His death is entered twice in the Annals of Ulster, first under the year 554, and again under 557:
" A. D. 554. Colman Mor mac Diarmata Derg, mic Fergusa Cerbeoil, mic Conaill Cremthaine, mic Neill Naigiallaig, quern Dubsloit jugulavit."
" A. D. 557. Jugtdatio Colmain Mor, mic Diarmata, quern Dubsloit juguiavit."
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise his death is entered under the year 561 :
"A. D. 561. Colman More, sone of King Dermott, was killed in his Coache" [in curru suo TighernacK], " by Duffslat O'Treana."
1 Cruithni : i. e. the inhabitants of Dal- Araidhe, who were called Cruithni, i. e. Picts, as being descended from Loncada, the daughter of Eochaidh Eichbheoil of the Cruithni, or Picts of North Britain. — See Adamnan's Vita Columbia, lib. i. c. 36; O'Flaherty's Ogygia, iii. c. 18; Lib. Lee. fol. 194, a ; Ginm ele oo t)al Qpaibe .1. Cpuirne. Duald Mac Firbis — See also Reeves's Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down and Connor, fyc., p. 337.
190
[553.
Ctoip Cpiopr, cuij ceo caocca a cpi. Q cuij Decc Do Oiapmaicc. Clccfp bpeanainn bioppa 05 ool i poch ipin aiep an bliaDain pi. Cluain pfpca Do pochujaD la naom bpenamn.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo caoja a cfcaip. Qn peipeao bliaDain Decc Do Oiapmaicc. S. Cachub, mac pfpjupa, abb CtchaiD cinn, Decc 6. Qppil. Caocca ap ceo bliaDain poD a paojjail.
peip oe&eanach Ueampa Do 6fnam la Oiapmaicc, pigh Gpeann.
Cupnan, mac Ctooha, mic Gachach Uiopmcapna, .1. mac pij Connachc Do :6 la Oiapmaicc, mac Cfpbaill, cap planaib ~\ comaipje Coluim Cille,
curious little fable of him, from which, if it be not pure fiction, it might be inferred that he had a most exquisite ear for music. Fourteen years before his death, according to this fable, he -was visited, one day after mass and sermon, by St. Michael the Archangel, who continued to sing heavenly music for him for twenty-four hours: after which Brendan could never enjoy, and never condescended to listen to any earthly music, except one Easter Sunday, when he per- mitted a student of his people to play for him on his harp. He endured him with difficulty ; but, giving him his blessing, he procured two balls of wax, which he put into his ears when- ever he came within hearing of earthly music, and in this manner he shut out all human me- lody, (which to him was discord) for nearly fourteen years, and admitted the harmonies of the angels only.
Under this year (553) the Annals of Ulster, Tighernach, and Clonmacnoise, record the ex- istence of a plague called Samhtrusc, which is translated " Lepra."
" A. D. 553. Pestis que vocata est inSamthrosc, i. e. Lepra." — Ann. Ult. edit. 0' Conor.
" A. D. 553. Pestis que vocata est Samthrusc .i. the Leprosy." — Cod. Claren., torn. 49
" A. D. 551. This year there grew a sickness called a Sawthrusc." — Ann. Clon.
0 Achadh-cinn — Colgan thinks that this may be Achadh-na-cille, in Dalriada (Trias Thaum.,
m Brenainn ofBirra: i. e. St. Brendan of Birr, now Parsonstown. The ascension of St. Bren- dan is entered under the year 562, in the An- nals of Clonmacnoise, as follows :
" A. D. 562. The ascension of St. Brandon of Birr to the skies, in his chariot or coache."
" Cluain-fearta : i. e. the Lawn, Meadow, or Bog-Island of the Grave, now Clonfert, in the barony of Longford, and county of Longford. The Annals of Ulster record the erection of the church of Cluainferta, under the years 557 and 564 ; the Annals of Clonmacnoise, under the year 562, as follows :
" A. D. 557 vel 564. Brendinus Ecdesiam in Cluainferta fundavit." — Ann. Ult.
"A.D. 562. St. Brandon, Abbot, founded the church of Clonfert." — Ann. Clon.
These saints should not be confounded. Bren- din of Birr was the son of Neman, of the race of Corb olum, son of Fergus, and his festival was
celebrated on the 29th of November See
Adamnan's Vita Columbce, lib. iii. c. 3. St. Brendan, first Bishop of Clonfert, was the son of Finnlogha, of the race of Ciar, son of Fergus, and his festival was celebrated on the 16th of May. These two saints were contemporaries and companions. It is said that Brendan of Clonfert sailed for seven years in the western ocean, "de cujus septennali navigatione prodi- gios£e feruntur fabulfe." — Ussher, Primord., p. 955. In O'Clery's Irish Calendar is given a
553.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
191
The Age of Christ, 553. The fifteenth year of Diarmaid. Brenainn of Birram was seen ascending in a chariot into the sky this year. Cluain-fearta" was founded by St. Brenainn.
The Age of Christ, 554. The sixteenth year of Diarmaid. St. Cathub, son of Fearghus, Abbot of Achadh-cinn0, died on the 6th of April. One hun- dred and fifty years was the length of his life.
The last feast of Teamhairp was made by Diarmaid, King of Ireland.
Curnan", son of Aedh, son of Eochaidh Tirmcharna, i. e. the son of the King of Connaught, was put to death by Diarmaid, son of Cearbhall, in violation of
p. 1 82), now Aughnakilly, a part of the town- land of Craigs, in the barony of Kilconway, and county of Antrim, and on the road from Aho- ghill to Easharkin. See Reeves's Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down and Connor, fyc., p. 89, note n, and p. 322. In the Irish Calendar of O'Clery the festival of St. Cathub, son of Fearghus, bi- shop of Achadh-cinn, is set down at 6th April. In the Annals of Ulster, ad ann. 554, he is called " Cathal mac Fergusa Episcopus Achid- cinn."
f The last feast of Teamhair. — Tighernach states that three years after the killing of Colman Mor, son of Diarmaid, A. D. 560, the " Cena postrema" of Temhair was celebrated by Diar- maid mac Cearbaill.
The feast of Teamhair, by Diarmaid, and the death of Gabhran, son of Domhangart, is entered twice in the Annals of Ulster, first under the year 567, and again under the year 569-
The royal palace of Teamhair or Tara was soon after deserted in consequence of its having been cursed by St. Rodanus, of Lothra or Lorha, in Lower Ormond, county Tipperary, as stated at some length in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, translated by Mageoghegan ; also in an Irish manuscript in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 1. 15; and in the Life of St. Roda- nus, preserved in the Codex Kilkenniensis, in Marsh's Library, Class V. 3, Tab. 1, No. 4, F. ; and in the Life of this saint published by the
Bollandists, at XXV. April — See Fetrie's His- tory and Antiquities of Tara Hill, pp. 101-103. This malediction of Rodanus, with the conse- quent desertion of the place as a royal residence, is referred to by the ancient scholiast on Fiaeh's Hymn in the Life of St. Patrick, preserved in the Liber Hymnorurn ; and an ancient Icelandic work called the Konungs-Skuggsio, or Royal Mirror, states that it had been abandoned and utterly destroyed, in revenge of an unjust judgment pronounced by a king who had once ruled over it. — See Johnstone's Antiq. Cetio- Scand., p. 287, et seqq.*
After this desertion of Tara, each monarch chose for himself a residence most convenient or agreeable, which was usually within their own hereditary principalities. Thus the kings of the northern Ui-Neill resided chiefly at their ancient fortress of Aileach, in the barony of Inishowen, near Derry ; and those of the south- ern Ui-Neill, first at Dun-Torgeis, near Castle- pollard, in Westmeath, and afterwards at Dun- na-Sgiath, at the north-western margin of Loch- Ainnin or Lough Ennell, near Mullingar.
q Curnan — This is entered in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at the year 562. " Cornan mac Eahagh Tyrmcarna was killed by King Der- mot." — See O'Donnell's Vita Columbce, lib. ii. c. 2, in Trias Thaum., p. 400, for some curious particulars about Curnan's death and the battle of Cul-Dreiinhne.
192
[555.
mp na cappamg 50 hainoeonach ap a lamoib, conao 6 pochann carha Cula Opeirhne.
Qoip Cpiopr, cuig ceo caogace a cuig. Qn peaccmaD Oecc Do Oiapmaic. Cach Cula Opfimne DO bpipfo pop Oiapmainc, mac Cfpbaill, ta peapjup -] la Dorhnall, Da mac TTluipcfpcaij, mic 6apcca, la hCtinmipe, mac Sfona, -] la ndmoioh, mac Duach, -\ la hdoD, mac Gachac Uiopmcapna, pi Connachr. hi ccionaiD mapbrlia Cupnain, mic Cto6a, mic Gacac Uiopmcapna, pop pao- parii Coloim Cille, DO pacpac Clanna Nell an cuaipceipc -| Connachca an each pin Cula Opfimne Don pi^, Do Oiapmaic,-] beopimon cclaoinbpeic puce
r Cul-Dreimhne. — This place is in the barony of Carbury, to the north of the town of Sligo. Colgan has the following note upon this place, Trias Thaum., p. 452 :
" Culdremhni. Est locus hie in regione Car- brise in Connacia, non procul a Sligoensi oppido versus Aquilonem situs. Historiam hujus prae- lii fuse enarrat Ketennus libro 2 de Eegibus Hi- berni», in gestis Diermitii Regis. Praslium hoc non anno 551, ut scribunt Quatuor Magistri in Annalibus, sed anno 561, commissuua fuit, ut tradunt Annales Ultonienses, et Usserus de Primordiis Ecclesiar. Britann., p. 694."
' The sentence. — A circumstantial account is given of this literary larceny of St. Columb- kille, in O'Donnell's Life of that Saint, lib. ii. c. i. King Diarmaid, after hearing the learned arguments of plaintiff and defendant, pro- nounced his decision that the copy made by Columbkille should belong to Finnen's original, in the same way as, among tame and domestic animals, the brood belongs to the owner of the dam or mother, "partus sequitur ventrem."
" Cauta utrinque audita Rex, seu partium rationes male pensans, seu in alteram privato affectu magis propendens, pro Finneno senten- tiam pronuntiat, et sententiam ipse Hibernico versu abinde in hunc usque diem inter Hibernos famoso in hunc modum expressit : Le gach boin a boinin, acus le gach leabhar a leabhran, id est, Buculus est matris libri suus esto libellus." —
Trias Thaum., p. 409.
Columbkille, who seems to have been more liberal and industrious in circulating the writ- ten Scriptures than Finnen, had pleaded before the King, that he had not in the slightest de- gree injured St. Finnen's manuscript by tran- scribing it ; and that Finnen should not for any reason oppose the multiplying of the Scriptures for the instruction of the people. His words are as follows, as translated by Colgan :
" Fateor," inquit, " librum de quo controver- titur, ex Finneni codice exscriptum; sed per me meaque industria, labore, vigiliis exscriptus est; et ea cautela exscriptus, ut proprius Fin- neni liber in nullo factus sit ea exscriptione deterior ; eo fine, ut qua? prseclara in alieno codice repereram, securius ad meum usum re- conderem, et commodius in alios ad Dei gloriam derivarem: proinde nee me Finneno injurium, nee restitutioni obnoxium, nee culpa? cujus- quam in hac parte reum agnosco ; ut qui sine cujuspiam damno, multorum consului spiritali commodo, quod nemo debuit, aut juste potuit impedire."
Shortly after this King Diarmaid forced Cur- nan, the son of the King of Connaught, from the arms of Columbkille, to whom he had fled for protection, and put him instantly to death. Columbkille, exasperated at these insults, said to the King : " I will go unto my brethren, the Races of Connell and of Eoghan, and I will give
555.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF UPLAND.
193
the guarantee and protection of Colum Cille, having been forcibly torn from his hands, which was the cause of the battle of Cul-Dreimhne.
The Age of Christ, 555; The seventeenth year of Diarmaid. The battle of Cul-Dreimhner was gained against Diarmaid, son of Cearbhall, by Fearghus and Domhnall, the two sons of Muircheartach, son of Earca ; by Ainmire, son of Sedna ; and by Ainnidh, son of Duach ; and by Aedh, son of Eochaidh Tirm- charna, King of Connaught. [It was] in revenge of the killing of Curnan, son of Aedh, son of Eochaidh Tirmcharna, [while] under the protection of Colum Cille, the Clanna-Neill of the North and the Connaughtmen gave this battle of Cul-Dreimhne to King Diarmaid ; and also on account of the false sentence1
thee battle in revenge for this unjust judgment thou hast given against me respecting the book, and in revenge for the killing of the son of the King of Connaught, while under my protec- tion." Then the King commanded that not one of the men of Ireland should convey Columb- kille out of the palace, or join him. Columb then proceeded to Monasterboice, and remained there for one night. In the morning he was informed that the King had sent a force to in- tercept his passage into Ulster, and take him prisoner. Columbkille, therefore, went over a solitary part of Sliabh Breagh, and as he passed along, he composed the poem beginning " tnai- nupan Dam if in pliab," which has been printed in the Miscellany of the Irish Archaeological Society, pp. 3 to 15. When he arrived in Ulster he applied to his relatives, the northern Ui- Neill, who entered into his feelings of revenge against the Monarch who threatened to overrun their territories with fire and sword. They mustered their forces, to the number of 3000 men, and being joined by the Connaughtmen, came to a pitched battle with the Monarch at Cul-Dreimhne, in the barony of Carbury, in the county of Sligo, where the Monarch, who had a force of 2300 charioteers, cavalry, and pedes- trians, was defeated with terrible slaughter
See Ussher's Primordia, pp. 902-904, where he
gives an account of this battle from an unpub- lished manuscript of Adamnan's Vita Colunibce.
After this battle the Monarch and Saint Columb made peace, and the copy of the book made from St. Finnen's manuscript was left to him. This manuscript, which is a copy of the Psalter, was ever after known by the name of Cathach. It was preserved for ages in the family of O'Donnell, and has been deposited in the Mu- seum of the Eoy al Irish Academy, by Sir Eichard O'Donnell, its present owner. — See note b, under A. D. 1497, pp. 1232, 1233.
Mr. Moore states, in his History of Ireland, vol. i. p. 243, that " it has been shewn satisfac- torily that there are no- grounds for this story ; and that though, for some venial and unimpor- tant proceedings, an attempt had been made to excommunicate him [St. Columbkille] before his departure from Ireland, the account of his quarrel with the Monarch is but an ill con- structed fable, which, from the internal evidence of its inconsistencies, falls to pieces of itself."
The Editor cannot acquiesce in this opinion, for, whatever may be the defect of construction in the fabulous narrative, it is very clear that this special pleading is not sufficient to acquit St. Columbkille of the crime of having roused his relatives to fight this battle. Adamnan refers to it in the seventh chapter of the first
C
194
uioghacnca
[555.
Oiapmaic ap Colom Cille im liubap pmoen po pcpiob Colom Cille gan parhujab opmoen, Dia noeacpac i peip nOiapmaca, 50 po coiccfpcaib Oiap- maic an mbpeich noippbeipc, la ^ach bom a boinin, Tpa. Colam Cille po pdiD,
a Dm, cia nach Dinsbai an cm, oup mfpmaip mfp a lin,
Qn cpluag DO boing beacha Dm,
Sluaj DO ching hi cimcel capn,
Qp mac ampche no Dap maipn,
Qpe mo Dpui, nfm epa, mac Oe ap ppim consena.
dp dlainn pfpup alluaD gobap baooam pep an cplua j,
PO la baocan puilc buibe, bena a hGpen puippe.
Ppaochan, mac Uenupain, ap 6 DO pijne mD epbhe nopuaoh Do Oiapmaic. Uuachan, mac Dimmam, mic Sapam, mic Copbmaic, mic Gojain, a pe po la mo epbe nopuab Dap a cfnD. Upf mile cpa ipeaoh copchaip Do mumnp Diapmaoa. Qompeap namct ippeaD copcaip Don Ifir naill, TTlajldim a amm, ap ip e po chmj cap an eipbe nopnaD.
book of his Life of St. Columba ; but as this biographer's object was to write a panegyric, not an impartial character, of his relative and patron, it is very evident that he did not wish to dwell upon any particulars respecting the causes of this battle. Adamnan, however, ac- knowledges (lib. iii. c. 3), that Columba was excommunicated by an Irish synod ; and other writers of great antiquity, cited by Tighernach, and in the Liber Hymnorum, have, with great simplicity, handed down to us the real cause of Columbkille's departure from Ireland. These accounts, it is true, may possibly be fabulous ; but it is not fair to assume this on account of Adamnan's silence ; and that they are ancient, and the written traditions of the country of Tir- connell, in which Columbkille was born, is evi- dent from the Life compiled by O'Dounellin 1520, from manuscripts then so old that (as appears from his original manuscript in the Bodleian Library) he deemed it necessary to modernize the language in which they were written.
St. Cumian, the oldest writer of Columbkille's Life, makes no allusion to the battle of Cuil-
Dreimhne ; but his work is a panegyric, not a biography, of this saint ; and the same may be said of Adamnan's production, which is an enu- meration of his miracles and visions, and not a regular biography; and it is fair to remark, that, even if Adamnan had written a regular biography, he could not, unless by inadver- tence, have mentioned one fact which would, in the slightest degree stain the character of his hero with any sort of crime. The bards and lay writers, on the other hand, who did not understand the nature of panegyric, as well as Cumian and Adamnan, have represented Columbkille as warlike, which • they regarded as praiseworthy, for it implied that he possessed the characteristics of his great ancestors, Niall Naighiallach and Conall Gulban ; and these, in their rude simplicity, have left us more mate- rials for forming a true estimate of his charac- ter than are supplied by the more artful de- scriptions of his miracles and visions by Cu- mian and Adamnan. The latter, in his second preface, has the following account of Columb's going to Scotland:
555.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 1Q5
which Diarmaid passed against Colum Cille about a book of Finnen, which Colum had transcribed without the knowledge of Finnen, when they left it to award of Diarmaid, who pronounced the celebrated decision, " To every cow belongs its calf," &c. Colum Cille said :
0 God, wilt thou not drive off the fog, which envelopes our number,
The host which has deprived us of our livelihood,
The host which proceeds around the earns* !
He is a son of storm who betrays us.
My Druid, — he will not refuse me, — is the Son of God, and may he side with me;
How grandly he bears his course, the steed of Baedan" before the host ;
Power by Baedan of the yellow hair will be borne from Ireland on him [the steed].
Fraechanw, son of Teniusan, was he who made the Erbhe-Druadh for Diar- maid. Tuathan, son of Dimman, son of Saran, son of Cormac, son of Eoghan, was he who placed the Erbhe Druadh over his head. Three thousand was the number that fell of Diarmaid's people. One man only fell on the other side, Mag Laim was his name, for it was he that passed beyond the Erbhe Druadh".
" Sanctus igitur Columba nobilibus fuerat occupatus, ut supra humanam possibilitatem
oriundus genitalibus" [i. e. genitoribus] : "pa- uniuscuj usque pondus specialis videretur operis.
trem habens Fedilmitium, filium Ferguso ; Et inter hsee omnibus charus, hilarem semper
Matrem vero Ethneam nomine, cujus pater faciem ostendens sanctam Spiritus sancti gaudio
latine Filius Navis dici potest, Scotica vero intimis laetificabatur pra3cordiis."-Tna*21AaK«.,
lingua Mac Nave. Hie anno secundo post p. 337.
Cul-Drebtince bellum, aetatis vero suse xlii. de ' Around the earns This seems to suggest
Scotia ad Britanniam, pro Christo peregrinari that the monarch's people were pagans.
volens, enavigavit ; qui et a puero, Christiano " Baedan He was the third son of the Mo-
deditus tyrocinio, et sapientia; studiis inte- narch, Muircheartach Mor Mac Earca, and
gritatem corporis et animse puritatem, Deo became Monarch of Ireland jointly with his
donante, custodiens, quamvis in terra positus, nephew, Eochaidh, in the year 566. ccelestibus se aptum moribus ostendebat. Erat w Fraechan. — In the account of this battle,
enim aspectu Angelicus, sermone nitidus, opere preserved in the Leabhar-Buidhe of the Mac
sanctus, ingenio optimus, consilio magnus, per Firbises of Lecan, in the Library of Trinity
annos xxxiv., insulanus miles conversatus. College, Dublin, H. 2. 16, p. 873, Fraechan,
Nullum etiam unius horee intervallum tran- son of Tenisan, is called the Druid of King
sire poterat, quo non aut orationi, aut lectioni, Diarmaid, and the person who- made the Airbhi
vel scriptioni, vel etiam alicui operationi jeju- Druadh, or druidical charm [aipbe .1. amm
nationum quoque et vigiliarum indefessis labo- aipbe — O'Clery] between the two armies,
ribus sine ulla intennissione die noctuque ita * That passed beyond the Erbhe Druadh In
2 c2
196
[556.
Qoip Cpiopc, 0(115 ceo caogac a p 6. Q hochc oecc Do Oiapmairc. Cac Chuile huinnpenn i cCeacba, pop Oiapmaicc, pia nQooli, mac mbpeanainn, caoipioc Ueacba, -\ po meabaio pop Oiapmaic a hionao an lomaipecc.
Goip Cpiopr, cuig ceo caogac a peachc. Cf naoi oecc oo Oiapmaic. 8. becc mac Oe, paioh oippDepc, Oecc. Colom Cille DO Dol mD Qlbain 50 po pochaib mpurh ecclup, -] ap uaoh ainmnijcep. 8. Gooh O piachpach
O'Donnell's Life of St. Columbkille, as trans- lated by Colgan, it is stated that only one man of Columbkille's people fell in this battle, who had passed beyond the prescribed limits, " qui prefixes pugnse limites temere transiliit." But this is intentionally suppressing the reference to theAirbhe Druadh, because Colgan did not wish to acknowledge the existence of Druidism in Ireland, so long after the arrival of St. Patrick. Dr. O'Conor, on the other hand, mistranslates this passage, obviously with a view to shew that Diarmaid had many Druids at the time; but O'Conor's knowledge of the language of these Annals was so imperfect that he is scarcely worthy of serious criticism. His translation of the above passage is as follows :
" Fraochanus filius Tenussani fuit qui per- suasit expulsionem Druidum Regi Diarmitio. Tuathanus filius Dimmani, filii Sarani, filii Cor- maci, filii Eogani, fuit qui admonuit expulsio- nem Druidum postea. Tria millia circiter fuere qui occisi sunt de gente Diarmitii. Unus solus occisus est ex altera parte, Maglamuis ejus nomen. Nam is fuit qui impedivit quin expel- lerentur Druidse."— pp. 161, 162.
The absolute incorrectness of this translation will be seen at a glance by any one who is acquainted with the meaning of the Irish noun, eipbe, or aipbe, carmen, and of the verb, po chmj, transiliit. It will be observed that the Christian writer gives the Airbhe Druadh its own magical power (i. e. a power derived from the Devil); for though Columbkille's prayers were able to preserve his forces while they
remained within their own limits, the indivi- dual who passed beyond the consecrated limits described by the saint, into the vortex of the magical circle of the Druid, immediately lost his life.
J Cuil- Uinnsenn : i. e. the Corner or Angle of the Ash Trees. The Editor has not been able to find any name like this in Teffia. Aedh, chief of Teffia, is mentioned in the Life of St. Berach, published by Colgan, Ada SS., p. 342, c. 14, and in note 20, p. 347, in which Colgan is wrong in making Teffia the same as the county Longford. According to Mageoghegan's Annals of Clonmacnoise, this Aedh or " Hugh mac Bre- nan, king of Teaffa, gave St. Columbkille the place where the church of Dorowe" [Durrow] " stands."
z Bee, son of De : i. e. Bee, son of Deaghaidh or Dagaeus. Colgan translates this entry : " A. D. 557. S. Beccus cognomento Mac De Celebris propheta, obiit." — Ada SS., p. 192. The death of this saint is entered twice in the Annals of Ulster; first under the year 552, and again under 557. The following notice of him is given in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at the year 550 :
" A. D. 550. The prophet, Beg mac De, began his prophesies. He prophesied that Lords would lose their chiefries and seigniories, and that men of little estates and lands would lose their lands, because they should be thought little ; and lastly, that there should come great mortality of men, which would begin in Ffanaid, in Ulster, called the Swippe of Fanaid (Scuub Panaio)."
556.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
197
The Age of Christ, 556. The eighteenth year of Diarmaid. The battle of Cuil-Uinnsenny, in Teathbha, [was fought] against Diarmaid, by Aedh, son of Breanainn, chief of Teathbha ; and Diarmaid was routed from the field of battle.
The Age of Christ, 557. The nineteenth year of Diarmaid. St. Bee, son of Dez, a celebrated prophet, died. Colum Cille went to Scotland, where he afterwards founded a church, which was named from him". St. Aedhan
• Named from him. — This was I-Columbkille or lona. St. Columbkille, after he had excited his relatives to fight the king at Cul-Dreimhne, in 560, was excommunicated by a synod of the Irish clergy (as Adamnan inadvertently acknowledges, to introduce an angelic vision, in lib. iii. c. 3) ; after which he appears to have been in bad odour with the Irish clergy till 562, when the Annals record the " Na.vigai.io S. Co- lumbce de Hibernia ad insulam Ice, anno etatis sue xlii." His success in converting the Picts, however, shed round him a lustre and a glory which dispelled the dark clouds which had previously obscured his fame as a saint ; and his own relatives, Cumian and Adamnan, bla- zoned his virtues so ably, after the fashion of their age, that they established his sanctity in despite of all the aspersions of his rivals and enemies. From all the accounts handed down to us of this remarkable man, it would appear that he was a most zealous and efficient preacher of Christian morality, and an industrious tran- scriber of the Four Gospels, and of portions of the Old Testament. Venerable Bede gives a brief sketch of his history, in his Ecclesias- tical History, lib. iii. c. 4 (Giles's translation, p. 112), and observes that "some writings. of his life and discourses are said to be preserved by his disciples." " But," adds this most cau- tious writer, who evidently had heard some stories about Columba's conduct in Ireland, " whatsoever he was himself, this we know for certain, that he left successors renowned for
their continency, their love of God, and ob- servance of monastic rules. It is true they followed uncertain rules in their observance of the great festival, as having none to bring them the synodal decrees for the observance of Easter, by reason of their being so far away from the rest of the world ; wherefore, they only practised such works of piety and chastity as they could learn from the prophetical, evan- gelical, and apostolical writings. This manner of keeping Easter continued among them for the space of 150 yekrs, till the year of our Lord's incarnation, 715."
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise the translator, Connell Mageoghegan, has inserted the following curious observation on the belief then in Ireland respecting the peculiar property of St. Columb- kille's manuscripts, in resisting the influence of water :
" He wrote 300 books with his own hand. They were all new Testaments; left a book to each of his churches in the kingdom, which books have a strange property, which is, that if they, or any of them, had sunk to the bottom of the deepest waters, they would not lose one letter, or sign, or character of them, which I have seen tried, partly, myself of [on] that book of them which is at Dorowe, in the King's county ; for I saw the ignorant man that had the same in his custodie, when sickness came on cat- tle, for their remedy, put water on the book and suffer it to rest therein ; and saw also cattle re- turn thereby to their former state, and the book
198
[557.
065. Cach mono Ooipe lochaip pop Cpuichniu pia nUib Nell an ruapceipr, .1. pia cCenel cConaill-] Goghain, on i ccopcpaoap peachc ccaoipij Cpuic- nfch im Ctooli mbpfcc,-] ap oon cup pom DO pocaip oopioipi na Lee ; -] Capn oo clcmooib Nell an cuaipceipc. Ceannpaolab po paioh int>po
Sinpic paebpa, pinpic pip, in TTioin mop Doipe lochaip,
Gobaip componna nac cfpc, peace pijh Cpuichne im Qo6 mbpfcc.
piccip each Cpuicne nuile, acup poploipccep 6lne,
pichcip each ^abpa Lippe, acup each Guile Opeirhne.
to receive no loss." Superstitions of this kind have probably been the destruction of many of our ancient books.
11 St. Aedhan 0' Fiachrach. — " A. D. 569 al. 562. Aedan Ua Fiachrach obiit." — Ann. Ult.
' Moin-Doire-lothair — Adamnan calls this the battle of Moin-mor, as does Ceannfaeladh in the verses here quoted by the Four Masters. Dr. O'Conor places the field of this battlein Scotland, in his edition of the Annals of Ulster, p. 23, n. 2, but by a mere oversight, for he seems to have been well aware that, by Scotia, Adamnan always meant Ireland. Colgan places it " in finibus Aquilonaris Hiberniffi." — Trias Thaum., p. 374. The Rev. Mr. Reeves thinks that both names are still preserved in Moneymore, a town in the county of Londonderry, and Uerryloran, the parish in which it is situated. — See his Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down and Connor, fyc., p. 339- This, however, may admit of doubt, as the former is called in Irish Muine-mor, i. e. the Great Hill or Shrubbery, and the latter Doire- Lorain, i. e. Loran's Oak Wood.
Adamnan's reference to this battle is as fol- lows : " Post bellum Cul Drebene, sicuti nobis traditum est, duobus transactis annis (quo tern- pore vir beatus de Scotia peregrinaturus primi- tus enavigavit) quadam die, hoc est, eadem hora, qua in Scotia commissum est bellum quod Scotice dicitur Mona-moire, idem homo Dei coram Co- nallo Rege, filio Comgill in Britannia conver-
satus, per omnia enarravit, tarn de bello, quo- rum propria vocabula Ainmerius filius Setni, et duo filii Maic Erce, Donallus et Fergus. Sed et de Rege Cruithniorum, qui Echodius Laib vocabatur quemadmodum victus currui inse- dens, evaserit; similiter sanctus prophetizavit." — Vit. Columbce, lib. i. c. 7 ; Trias Thaum., p. 340. d Cruithnigh. — These were the inhabitants of Dalaradia, who were called Cruithnigh or Picts, as being descended from a Pictish mother. Col- gan translates this passage as follows in his Ada Sanctorum, p. 374, not. 39, on the first book of Adamnan's Vita Columbce: ->
" A. D. 557. Sanctus ColumbaKilleprofectus est in Albanian! (id est Scotiam Albiensem) ubi postea extruxit Ecclesiam Hiensem. Sanctus Aidanus Hua Fiachrach obiit. Pra:lium de Moin-mor juxta Doire-Lothair contra Cruthe- nos (id est Pictos) commissum est per Nepotes Neill Septentrionales, id est, per Kinel-Conaill (hoc est, stirpem Conajli), Duce Anmirio filio Sednse, et Kinel-Eoguin(id est, stirpem Eugenii) Ducibus Donmaldo, et Fergussio, et filiis Mur- chertachi, filii Ercse. In eo prselio occubuerunt septern principes Crutheniorum (id est Picto- rum) cum Aido Breco eorum Rege."
He remarks on this passage : " Habemus ergo ex his Annalibus proelium illud commissum esse eodem anno, quo sanctus Columba in Albanian!, seu Britanniam venit, ut refert Sanctus Adam- nanus in hoc capite, licet male annum 557 pro
557.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
199
O'Fiachrachb died. The battle of Moin-Doire-lothair° [was gained] over the Cruithnighd, by the Ui-Neill of the North, i. e. by the Cinel-Conaill and Cinel-Eoghain, wherein fell seven chieftains of the Cruithnigh, together with Aedh Breac ; and it was on this occasion that the Leee and Carn-Eolairgf were forfeited to the Clanna-Neill of the North. Ceannfaeladh composed the following :
Sharp weapons were strewn, men were strewn, in TVEoin-mor-Doire-lothair, Because of a partition* not just; the seven kings of the Cruithni, with Aedh
Breac, [were in the slaughter].
The battle of all the Cruithneh was fought, and Elne' was burned. The battle of Gabhra-Liffe was fought, and the battle of Cul-Dreimhne.
563 posuerint." This battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the years 561 and 562, thus in the old translation, Cod. Clarend., torn. 49 :
" A. D. 561, The battle of Moin-Doire."
" A. D. 562. The battle of Moin-Doire-Lo- thair, upon the Cruhens by the Nells of the North. Baedan mac Cin, with two of the Cru- hens, fought it against the rest of the Cruhens. The cattle and booty of the Eolargs" [rectc the Lee and Ard Eolairg] " were given to them of Tirconnell and Tirowen, conductors, for their leading, as wages."
* The Lee: i. e. the territory of Fir-Lii or Magh-Lii, in the barony of Coleraine, county of Londonderry.
' Cam- Eolairg — See note % under the year 478, battle of Ocha, supra, p. 151. This place is mentioned by Tirechan, as near Lee Bendrigi. Colgan, in his notes on O'Donnell's Life of Co- lumbkille, mentions Carraig Eolairg, as a place in the diocese of Derry, " ad marginem Eurypi Fevolii. — Trias Thaum., p. 450, n. 49.
e A partition — This seems to indicate that the battle was fought in consequence of a dis- pute about the partition of lands; but the Editor has never met any detailed account of this battle, or its causes. According to the
Annals of Ulster it was fought between the Cruitheni themselves, the race of Niall assist- ing one party of them for hire.
h The battle of all the Cruithni : i. e. the battle in which all the Irish Cruitheni or Dalaradians fought.
'Elne. — Dr. O'Conor translates this " pro- fani," but nothing is more certain than that it was the name of a plain situated between the River Bann and the River Bush, in the north- west of the present county of Antrim. The Bann, i. e. the Lower Bann, is described in a very an- cient poem, quoted by Dr. O'Conor, in his Prole- gomena ad Annales, ii. p. 57, as flowing between the plains of Lee and Eile or Eilne ; and Tire- chan, in describing St. Patrick's journey east- wards from Ard-Eolairg and Aileach, near Derry, writes as follows :
" Et exiit in Ard-Eolairg, et Ailgi, et Lee Bendrigi, et perrexit trans flumen Handle, et benedixit locum in quo est cellola Guile Kaithin in Eilniu, in quo fuit Episcopus, et fecit alias cellas multas in Eilniu. Et per Buaa nuvium" [the Bush] " foramen pertulit, et in Duin Sebuirgi" [Dunseverick] " sedit super petram, quam Petra Patricii usque nunc, &c."
Adamnan, speaking, in the fiftieth chapter of the first book of his Vita Columbcq, of that saint's
200
[558.
beppar jialla lap ccon^al, ap p lap im cnuap nuach
, Oomnall, Qinmipe, acup nGinoib, mac Ouacli. oa mac mic Gapcca, ap cfrio an cacha ceona,
Gcup an pf Ginmipe pilbp i pealbaib Searna.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuij ceo caoccarc a hochc. lap mbfich piche bliabain op Gpinni pijjhe Do Diapmairc, mac pfp^upaCeppbeoil, DO ceap la hGob nOub, mac Suibne, pi Dal nGpaibe, 05 T?aieh bice, hi TTloij Line. Uuccab a cfno 50 Cluain mic Noip, 50 po habnachr innce, -\ po habnacc a colann hi cComoepe.
1p in mbliabainpi po gabab an muipgelc .1. Ciban injean Gachach, mic
reception at Coleraine, also mentions this plain in the following words : " Eodem in tempore Conallus Episcopus Culerathin, collectis a populo campi Eilni poene innumerabilibus xeniis, &c." —Trias Thaum., p. 350. It should be here re- marked that Colgan errs in placing this terri- tory on the west side of the River Bann, which he does in his note on this passage in Adamnan, as follows : " Campus Elne priscis Magh Elne videtur regio amcena et campestris, ex adversa Bannei fluminis ripa, Culratheniaa Civitati ad- jacens versus Occidentem, qua hodie vulgo Ma- chaire, id est, planities vocatur." — Trias Thaum., p. '381, n. 106.
That this opinion of Colgan is erroneous is clear from the passage above quoted from Tire- chan, which places Eilniu on the east side of the River Bann, and between it and the Bush. It must, however, be confessed that the people called Fir-Lii, or Lee, who were seated on the west side of the River Bann in St. Patrick's time, were driven from thence before the twelfth century by the Kinel-Owen, and that this is what led Colgan astray. But he should have known that the church of Achadh Dubhthaigh, now called Aghadowey, which all the martyro- logies place in the plain of Magh-Lii, and which retained its name in his own time, is on the west side of the Baen.
k Aedh Dubh Adamnan mentions this fact,
and calls the slayer of the King : " Aidum cog- nomento Nigrum, regio genere ortum, Cruthi- nfum gente, &c. qui et Diermitium filium Cer- buill totius Scotiffi Regnatorem Deo auctore ordinatum, interfecerat." — Lib. i. c. 36 ; Trias Thaum,, p. 346. See note on this Aedh Dubh, under the year 592.
The death of King Diarmaid is entered under the year 564, in the Annals of Ulster, as fol- lows :
" A. D. 564. Occisio Diarmato mic Cearbhuill mac h-Aed Dubh la Suibhne."
But by Tighernach under 565, which is the true year :
"A. D. 565. Diapmmo mac Cepbaill oc- cipup eye hi pKair 6ic a Hluij^me la h-Geo nOuB mac SuiBne Qpaibe, pi Ulao.
" A. D. 565. Diarmaid mac Cerbhaill was slain at Rath-bee in Magh- Line, by Aedh Dubh, son of Suibhne Araidhe, King of Ulidia."
1 Rath-bee, in Magh-Line : L e. the Small Fort in Moylinny, now Rathbeg, a townland in the parish of Donegore, adjoining the parish of
Antrim, in the county of Antrim See Reeves's
Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down and Connor, &c., p. 278. It adjoins another townland of great celebrity in Irish history, now called Rathmore, i. e. the Great Fort, anciently Rath-
553.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
201
They bore away hostages after conflict, thence westwards towards Cnuas-Nuach,
Fearghus, Domhnall, Ainmire, and Nainnidh, son of Duach.
The two sons of Mac Earca returned to the same battle,
And the king, Ainmire, returned into the possessions of [his father] Seadna.
The Age of Christ, 558. After Diarmaid, the son of Fearghus Cerrbheoil, had been twenty years in sovereignty over Ireland, he was slain by Aedh Dubhk, son of Suibhne, King of Dal-Araidhe, at Rath-beag, in Magh-Line1. His head was brought to Cluain-mic-Noism, and interred there, and his body was interred at Connor.
In this year was taken the Mermaid, i. e. Liban, the daughter of Eochaidh",
mor-Maighe-Line.
m Cluain-mic-Nois. — It is stated in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, in which this battle is recorded under the yedr 569, that the King had requested before he expired that his head should be in- terred at Clonmacnoise, the monastery of his friend, St. Kieran. His body -was buried at Connor, near the place where he was killed. He left three distinguished sons: 1. Aedh- Slaine, ancestor of nine monarchs of Ireland; 2. Colman Mor, the ancestor of the Clann-Colman, of whom there were seven monarchs; and 3. Col- man Beag.
n Liban, the daughter ofEochaidh. — This Liban is set down in the Irish Calendar of O'Clery, at 18th December, as a saint. Her capture as a mermaid is set down in the Annals of Ulster under the year 571: "Hie anno capta est in Muirgheilt."
According to a wild legend in Leabhar-na- hUidhri, this Liban was the daughter* of Eoch- aidh, from whom Loch Eathach, or Lough Neagh, was named, and who was drowned in its eruption [A. D. 90], together with all his children, except his daughter, Liban, and his sons, Conaing and Curnan. The lady, Liban, was preserved from the waters of Lough Neagh for a full year, in her grianan, or boudoir, under the lake. After this, at her own desire,
she was changed into a salmon, and continued to traverse the seas till the time of St. Comh- gall of Bangor. It happened that St. Comhgall despatched Beoan, son of Innli, of Teach-Debeog, to Rome, on a message to Pope Gregory [Pope, A. D. 599-604] to receive order and rule. When the crew of Beoan's currach were at sea, they heard the celebration of angels be- neath the boat. Liban, thereupon, addressed them, and stated that she had been 300 years under the sea, adding that she would proceed westward and meet Beoan, that day twelve months, at Inbher-OUarbha[Larne], whither the saints of Dalaradia, with Comhgall, were to re- sort. Beoan, on his return, related what had occurred, and, at the stated time, the nets were set, and Liban was caught in the net of Fergus of Miliuc, upon which she was brought to land, and crowds came to witness the sight, among whom was the chief of Ui-Conaing. The right to her being disputed by Comhgall, in whose ter- ritory,— and Fergus, in whose net, — and Beoan, in promise to whom, — she was taken, they prayed for a heavenly decision ; and next day two wild oxen came down from Carn-Airend; and, on their being yoked to the chariot, on which she was placed, they bore her to Teach-Dabeoc, where she was baptized by Comhgall, with the name Muirgen, i. e. born of the sea, or MuirgeiU, D
202 awwaca Rio^hachca eiReanH. [559.
%
TTluipfoha, pop cpachc Ollapba, hi Un beoain, mic Inli, mpcaipe Comjaill bfnochaip.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuicc ceo caoccac anaoi. Qn ceo bliabain Do Da mac muipcfpcaich, mic TTluipeaDhais, i pijhe nGpeann .1. Oomnall i peapgup. Cach ^abpa Lippe,i each Oumha Qichip, pianOomnall-) pia bpfpgup, pop Laijmb, Dia nebpan.
Car J5ab'pa, 1 each Ourha Qcaip, Qcbach ampa i ccfchcaip, Colju acup a acaip. Cach ^abpa, ni each ouine na of cec Qcbach piche 6 paolan, 6 Ctilell piche picec.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peapccac. Qn Dapa bliabain DO Oorhnall -| opeapgup. Dairiim Oaimhaipjjic, .1. Coipppe, Decc. Qp uaDapi6e na hQip- 51 alia.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peapccac, a haon. lap mbeic cpf blia6na i pije nGpeann DO Ooriinall ") opeapgup, Da mac Tlluipcfpcaij, mic TTluipeaboij mic Gojain, mic Nell, po eccpac apaon.
Qoip Cpiopc, cfiij ceD peapccac a Do. Qn ceiD bliabain DGochaiD, mac Oomnaill, mic TTiuipcfpcaij, i Do baooan, mac TTlhuipceapcaich, mic TTluip- eaDaigh, i pijhe nGpeann.
Qoip Cpiopc, cui5 ceo peapcac acpf. S. TTiolaipi, abb Daiminnpi, Decc an Dapa la Decc Do Sepcembep. lap mbeich Da blia&am i pighe nGpeann
i. e. traverser of the sea. Another name for her et Domhnall Victores." — Ann. Ult.
was Fuinchi. — See Eeeves's Antiquities of Down "A. D. 572. Vel hoc Bellum Gabhra Liphi
and Connor, fyc., pp. 377, 378. for Laighnin." — Ann. Ult.
" Ollarbha. — Now called the Larne, or Inver " A. D. 569. The battle of Gawra-Liffe was
River, which rises about four miles south-west given by the Lynstermen, where Fergus and
of the town of Larne, in the county of Antrim. King Donall were victors." — Ann. Glon.
See note d, under A. D. 285, p. 121, supra. q Dumha-Aichir — See note ', under the year
p Gabhra-Liffe. — This was situated somewhere 464, p. 146, supra.
on the River Liffey, but nothing has been yet ' Daimhin Damhairgil : i. e. the Little Silver
discovered to determine its exact position. In Ox. In the Life of St. Maidoc he is called
the Annals of Ulster this battle is entered under " Latine Bos et Hibernice Dearth seu Daimhin.''''
the year 565, and again under 572, and in the He is the ancestor of the Mac Mahons of Oirghi-
Annals of Clonmacnoise at 569 : alia, but not of all the septs of the Oirghialla.
"A. D. 565. Bellum Gabhre-Liphi. Fergus See Shirley's Account of the Territory or Domi-
559.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 203
son of Muireadh, on the strand of Ollarbha0, in the net of Beoan, son of Inli, the fisherman of Comhgall of Beannchair.
The Age of Christ, -559. The first year of the two sons of Muircheartach, son of Muireadhach, in the kingdom of Ireland, i. e. Domhnall and Fearghus. The battle of Gabhra-Liffep, and the battle of Dumha-Aichirq, by Domhnall and Fearghus, against the Leinstermen, of which was said :
The battle of Gabhra and the battle of Dumha-Achair,
Illustrious men fell in both, Colgu and his father.
The battle of Gabhra was not a battle [with the loss] of a man or two hundred ;
There fell twenty from Faelan, from Ailill twenty times twenty.
The Age of Christ, 560. The second year of Domhnall and Fearghus. Daimhin Damhairgit1, i. e. Cairbre, died. From him are the Airghialla.
The Age of Christ, 561. After Domhnall and Fearghus8, the two sons of Muircheartach, son of Muireadhach, son of Eoghan, son of Niall, had been three years in the sovereignty of Ireland, they both died.
The Age of Christ, 562. The first year of Eochaidh, son of Domhnall, son of Muircheartach, and of Baedan, son of Muircheartach, son of Muireadhach, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 563. St. Molaisi, Abbot of Daimhinis*, died on the twelfth of September. After Eochaidh and Baedan had been two years in
mow of Farney, p. 148 ; and Colgan's Trias Life of St. Aedan, quoted by Ussher (Primord,,
Thaum., p. 381, n. 6. p. 962), the name of this island is translated
'Domhnall and Fearghus The death of Bovis insula, and Bovium insula in a Life of St.
Domhnall is entered twice in the Annals of Aedus. St. Molaise, or Laissren, the patron of
Ulster, first at the year 565, and again at 572, this island, was the son of Nadfraech, and is to
but they contain no notice of the death of be distinguished from Molaise, or Laisren, of
Fearghus : Leighlin, who was son of Cairell. The Life of
"A. D. 565. -JforsDomhnaill^zYMuirchear- St. Aedan has the following notice of the
taig ic Erca, cui successit Ainmire mac Sedna." former :
" A. D. 572. Vel hie Bas Domhnaill ic Muir- " Beatissimus Lasreanus ad aquilonalem par-
cheartaig, ic Erca, cui successit Ainmire mac tern Hibernise exivit, et construxit clarissimum
Setnai." monasterium in Stagno Herne nomine Daimh-
* Daimhinis : i. e. Ox-island, now Devenish, inis, quod sonat Latine Bovis insula." an island in Lough Erne, near the town of And the Life of St. Aedus : " Eegebat plures
Enniskillen, in the county of Fermanagh. In a monachos in insula posita in Stagno Erne,
2 D 2
204 aNNaca Rio^nacnca eiraeciNN. [564.
oGochaiDi Do baooan, copcpaoap la Cponan, coipeac Ciannachca ^
Goip Cpiopc, cuig ceo pfpccac a cfcaip. Qn ceo bliabam DO Ginmipe, mac Seona, mic pfpgupa Cfnopooa, hi pijhe nGpeann.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuij ceo peapccac a cuig. Qn oapa bliaOam oCtinmipe. Oeman, mac Caipill, picch Ulaoh, mic TTluipeaDoigh TTlumDeipcc, Do mapbao la bachlachaib boipne. TTlupcoblach la Colman mbecc, mac Oiapmaca mic pfpjupa Ceppbeoil, -\ la Conall, mac Comgaill, coipeac Oal RiaOa hi Soil, i i nlle; co ccapopac eoala lomoa eipcib.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peapccac a ye. lap mbeich rpi bliaona hi pije nGpeann DQinmipe, mac Seona, copcaip la pfpjup, mac Nelline, Dia nebpao.
peimin an can pom boi pi, nip bo mfnnac nach oeclai, Inoiu ap poipDep55 a If, la hQinmipe, mac Seacnai.
Qoif Cpiopc, cuij ceD peapccac a peachc. lap mbeich aon bliaDam hi pijhe nGpeann DO baooan, mac Nmoeaoha, mic pfpgupa CfnDpooa, DO ceap oc tern inn ech, i noebaib, lap an oa Comaome .1. Comaoine, mac Col main
quam Scoti nominant Daimhinis, i. e. Bovium insulam."
The death of this saint is entered twice in the Annals of Ulster, first under the year 563 (XT. com. 564), and again under 570.
u Cianachta- Glinne- Geimhin : i. e. the Race of Cian of Gleann-Geimhin, which was the name of the vale of the River Roe, near Dungiven, in the county of Londonderry. The territory of this tribe is now called the barony of Keenaght. See note °, under A. D. 1197, p. 107. The death of these joint monarchs is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 571, thus:
"A. D. 571. Occisio da Ua Muirethaig .i. Baetan . mac Muircheartaigh et Eochaidh mac Domhnaill mic Muircheartaig mic Erca, tertio anno regni sui. Cronan mac Tighernaig, ri Cian- nachtse Glenna Gevin occisisor eorurn erat.
"A. D. 571. The killing of the two de- scendants of Muireadhach, i. e. Baedan, son of Muircheartach, and Eochaidh, son of Domhnall,
son of Muircheartach^ Mac Erca, in the third year of their" [joint] " reign. Cronan, son of Tighearnach, King of Cianachta of Gleann- Geimhin, was their slayer."
"Ainmire. — O'Flaherty says that he succeeded in the year 568.
1 Deman, son of Cairell. — "A. D. 571. Mors Demain mic Cairill." — Ann. Ult.
y Boirenn: i. e. a rocky District. " &otpeano .1. bopp-onn .1. cloc mop." — MS. T. C. D., H. 2. 15, p. 180. There are two townlands of this name in the county of Down, one in the'parish of Dromara, and the other in that of Cluain- Dallain, or Clonallon. The latter is probably the place here alluded to.
* Sol. — This island, which is now called Col, is styled Colossa by Adamnan in his Vit. Columb., lib. i. c. 41, and lib. ii. c. 22.
" lie.'— Now Ila, or Islay. It is called Ilea by Adamnan, lib. ii. c. 23, Trias Thaum., p. 355. This expedition is noticed in the Annals of
564.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
205
the sovereignty of Ireland, they were slain by Cronan, chief of Cianachta- Glinne-Gemhin".
The Age of Christ, 564. The first year of Ainmirew, son of Sedna, son of Fearghus Ceannfhoda, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 565. The second year of Ainmire. Deman, son of Cairell*, King of Ulidia, son of Muireadhach Muindearg, was killed by the shepherds of Boirenny. A sea fleet [was brought] by Colman Beg, son of Diarmaid, son of Fearghus Cerrbheoil, and by Conall, son of Comhgall, chief of Dal-Riada, to Solz and lie*, and they carried off many spoils from them.
The Age of Christ, 566. After Ainmire, son of Sednab, was three years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Fearghus, son of Nellin, of which
was said :
•
Feimhin, while he was kingc, was not a place without bravery,
To-day dark-red its aspect, [being set on fire] by Ainmire, son of Seadna.
The Age of Christ, 567. After Baedan, son of Ninnidh, son of Fearghus Ceannfhoda, had been one year in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain at Leim-an-eichd, in a battle, by the two Comains ; i. e. Comain, son of Colman Beg,
Ulster under the year 567, thus:
" Feacht i nlardomhain la Colman mBecc, mac Diarmato, agus Conall mac Comgaill, i. e. an expedition into lardomhan" [the Western Isles] " by Colman Beg, son of Diarmaid, and by Conall, son of ComgalL"
b Ainmire, son of Sedna. — The death of this monarch is entered twice in the Annals of Ulster, first under 568, which is the true year, and again under 575, which is clearly a mistake. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise it is entered under 569, as follows :
" A. D. 569- Ainmire mac Setna, joynt King, was slain by Fergus mac Nellyne, which Fergus was soon after slain by Hugh mac Ainmireagh." Adamnan calls him " Ainmerius filius Setni" in lib. i. c. 7 ; and in lib. iii. c. 5, he writes the name very correctly Ainmirech, in the genitive form. In the Life of Gildas, published by the Bollandists, p. 954, he is called Ainmericus :
" Eo tempore regnabat Ainmericus Rex per totam Hiberniam, qui et ipse misit ad B. Gildam, rogans ut ad se veniret."
c While he was king. — This is evidently quoted from a poem on one of the kings of Munster (probably Crimhthann Siebh), after whose death Magh-Feimhean was laid waste with fire and sword by the monarch Ainmire, son of Sedna.
* Leim-an-eich: i. e. the Horse-leap. There are several places of this name in Ireland. Tliut here referred to may be the place now called Leim-an-eich-ruaidh, anglice Lenmaroy, near Maghera, in the county of Londonderry. O' Fla- herty places the accession of " Bcetanus filius Ninnedii" in 571, and that of " Aidus Anmirei
films" in 572 Ogyyia, iii. c. 93. In the Annals
of Ulster his death is entered under the year 585, as follows :
" A. D. 585. Occisio Baetain mac Ninnedha, filii Duach, filii Conaill, mic Fergusa Ceannfadn,
206
[568.
6icc, mic Cfpbaill, -| Comaoine, mac Libpene, mic lollanain, mic Cfpbaill. Tpe corhaiple Colmain bice DO ponpac an gnfom hipm.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peapccac a hochc. Qn ceo bliabam oQooh, mac Qinmipech, op Gpinn. peapjap, mac Nelline, DO mapbab la hQo&, mac Qinmipech, i noiojail a achap.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peapcca a naoi. Qn oapa bliaoam DQo6. S. Oenna, mac ua Laigipi, abb Cluana mic Noip, oecc. 8. Ice, 6jh 6 Cluain Cpfoail, Decc an 15 lanuapn. Qp Di ba hainm TTlme.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peachcmogac. Qn cpeap bliabain oQoDh. S. TTloeinfnD, eppucc Cluana peapca bpfnainn, Decc an ceo la Do TTlapca.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peachcmojac a haon. 8. bnenomn, ab 6ioppa, Decc an naomaD la picfc DO Nouemben. Cach Cola pia piachna, mac 6ao- Dam, mic Caipill, pop Oppaijpb i pop Glil), -] po meabaiD poppa. Cola ainm maighe ecip Cluain pfpca TTlolua ~\ Saijip. Cach perhin pia Coipppe mac Cperhcainn, pi Uluman, pop Colman becc, mac Oiapmaoa,-] po meabam ap Colman.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceD peachcmojac ao6. Qn cuicceaD blia&am DQoo. Cach Doece, Dian hainm bealach peaoha, pia nQoD, mac Qmmipech, pop
regis Temro, qui uno anno regnavit. Cumaeine mac Colmain. Big mic Diarmata, & Cumaeine mac Libhren, filii Illannon, mic Cerbaill occiderunt eum consilio Colmain .i. oc Leim ind eich."
"Mac UaLaighisi. — Dr. O' Conor says that this family name is now O'Lacy, which involves a double error, for Mac Ua Laighsi is not a family name (for hereditary surnames were not esta- blished so early as this period), and there is no such name as O'Lacy in Ireland. There is Lacy or De Lacy, but this name is not of Irish origin. This writer is also wrong in saying that the family of O'Laigisiorum is mentioned by Adam- nan, lib. iii. c. 12.
' Cluain- Creadliail. — Now Killeedy, in the south of the county of Limerick. — See note ', under the year 546.
sMide : i. e. Mo Ide : i. e. Mea Ida — See Col- gan's Acta SS., p. 71, n. 2. The churches called
Kilmeedy, in Munster, are named after this virgin.
h Brenainn, Abbot of Birra — His death is en- tered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 564, and again at 571, which is the true year. It is entered in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 570.
' Tola — Now Tulla, in the parish of Kinnitty, barony of Ballybritt, and King's County. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, at the year 569, this battle is noticed as follows :
" A. D. 569. The battle of Talo and Fortalo, the names of two fields between Elie and Ossorie, which is between Clonfert-Molwa and Sayer, where Fiachra mac Boydan was victor."
But in the Annals of Ulster it is entered first under the year 572, and again under 573, and said to have been fought "fra regionibus Cruithne" which seems correct, as the victor was King of Ulidia :
568.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
20"
son of Cearbhall, and Comain, son of Libren, son of Illadhan, son of Cearbhall. [It was] at the instance of Colman Beg they perpetrated this deed.
The Age of Christ, 568. The first year of Aedh, son of Ainmire, over Ireland. Fearghus, son of Nellin, was slain by Aedh, son of Ainmire, in revenge of his father.
The Age of Christ, 569. The second year of Aedh. St. Oenna Mac Ua Laighisi", Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. St. Ite, virgin, of Cluain-CreadhaiF, died on the 15th of January. She was also called Mideg.
The Age of Christ, 570. The third year of Aedh. St. Maeineann, Bishop of Cluain-fearta-Breanainn [Clonfert], died on the first of March.
The Age of Christ, 571. St. Breanainn, Abbot of Birrah, died on the twenty-ninth day of November. The battle of Tola', by Fiachna, son of Baedan, son of Cairell, against the [people of] Osraighe and Eile; and they were defeated. Tola is the name of a plain [situated] between Cluain-fearta-Moluak and Saighir1. The battle of Feimhin"1, by Cairbre, son of Creamhthann, King of Munster, against Colman Beg, son of Diarmaid ; and Golman was defeated.
The Age of Christ, 572. The fifth year of Aedh. The battle of Doete, which is called Bealach-feadha", by Aedh, son of Ainmire, against the men of
" A. D. 572. Bellum Tola & Fortola. i. e. no- mina camporum etir Ele ocus Osraige, ocus etir Cluain-ferta ocus Saiger."
" A. D. 573. Bellum Tola & Fortola in regioni- bus Cruithne."
k Cluain-ferta- Molua. — " Et in ipso loco clara civitas qua; vocatur Cluain-ferta-Molua, id est, Latibulum mirabile S. Molvue (eo quod ipse in sua vita multa miracula in ea fecit, et adhuc gratia Dei per eum patrantur) in honore S. Mo- luffi crevit : et ipsa est in confinio Laginensium et Mumeniensium, inter regiones Osraigi et Hele et Laiges." — Vila Moliue, quoted in Ussher's Primord., p. 943. This place is now called Clon- fertmulloe, alias Kyle, and is situated at the foot of Slieve Bloom, in the barony of Upper Ossory, in the Queen's County. — See Ogygia, iii. c. 81.
1 Saighir. — Now Serkieran, an old church giving name to a parish in the barony of Bally-
britt, and King's County, and about four miles east of Birr. — See Ussher's Primordia, pp. 791, 792, where this church is referred to as in the territory of Eile (i. e. Ely O'Carroll), which an- ciently belonged to Munster, but which was a part of Leinster in Ussher's time.
™ Feimhin. — A plain comprised in the barony of Iffa and Offa East, in the county of Tippe- rary. — See note under A. M. 3506, p. 32. This passage is given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 572 : " A. D. 572. Bellum Feimin, in quo victus est Colman Modicus" [Beg] Jilius Diar- mata, et ipse evasit." It is also given at the year 592, in Doctor O'Conor's edition, p. 32, but not in the Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
° Bealach-feadha : i. e. the Woody Koad. This place is called Bealach an Fheadha, in the pedi- gree of O'Reilly, preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 1. 15, and now cor-
208
[573.
pfpaib niibe, ou in po cuic Colman bfcc, mac Oiapmaoa. Conall mac Coriigaill, pi Oal Riarca, DO ecc. dp eip ibe po fobaip hi DO Choluim Cille.
Cloip Cpiopc, cuig ceo peachcmojac a cpf. Qn peipeab bliabam t>Clob. bpfnainn, mac bpium, plaich Ceaeba, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cms ceo peachcmojar a cfcaip. Q peachc odooh. TTlap- b'ab Clooha, mic Gachach Uiopmchapna, la hUib bpiuin.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuij ceo peachcmo^ac ape. Ctn naorhab bliabain oQooh. S. bpfnainn, abb Cluana pfpca bpfnainn, an i6lTlaii,i oo puaip bap a nGanach oum, -] oo hablacab a copp a cCluain pepca bpenainn. Colman, mac Coipppe, pi Laijfn, Decc ace Sliab TTlaipcce.
Qoip Cpiopr, cuicc ceo peachcmojac apeachr. Ctn oeachmab bliabain oQob. 8. eppucc edicfn Cluana poca baican aba oecc an n pebpuapi. S. Caipeach Dfpsain ogb, o Cluain boipeann, oecc 9 pebpuapi. peiblunib pirin, abb Qpoa TDaca, oo ecc.
rectly anglicised Ballaghanea, and is the name of a townland in the parish of Lurgan, barony 'of Castlerahin, and county of Cavan. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, ad ann. 587, Ma- geoghegan conjectures that Colman Beg was slain at Belanaha, near Mullingar, but he is evidently wrong. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is noticed at the year 586 :
" Bettum Droma-Ethe, in quo cecidit Colman Beg mac Diarmata. Aed mac Aimirech victor erat, in quo lello etiam cecidit Libren mac Ulan- don mic Cearbaill." — Cod. Claren., torn. 49.
0 Of Dal-Riada : i.e. of Dal-Riada, in North Britain. This entry is given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 573, and in the Annals of Cloumacnoise at 569, as follows :
" A. D. 573. Mors Conaill mic Comgaill anno regni sui xvi., qui obtulit insulam le Columbce Cille."— Ann. Ul.
*• A. D. 569- Conell, son of Cowgal, that gave the island of Hugh" [i. e. lona] " to St. Co- lumbkille, died in the 16th year of his reign, of Dalriatye." — Ann. Clon. See also Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 495, 496.
» Brenainn, son of Brian. — According to Colgan (Trias Thaum., p. 507), this Brenainn, or"Bren- danus princeps Teffise," granted Durrow to St. Columbkille ; but see note y, under the year 556, supra, and note g, under 585, infra.
« Eochaidh Tirmcharna. — He was King of Connaught. The Ui-Briuin were the descen- dants of Brian, son of the Monarch, Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, and were Aedh's own tribe. The killing of Aedh is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 576. Under the year 573 the Annals of Ulster record: " Magna riiopoail, i. e. Conventio Dromma Cheta" [now Daisy Hill, near the River Roe, not far from Newtown Limavaddy, in the county of Londonderry], " in qua erant Colum Cille et Mac Ainmirech." And the same Convention is noticed in the An- nals of Clonmacnoise under the year 5 87, which is nearer to the true date, which was 590. It looks very strange that the Four Masters should make no reference to this convention, which is so celebrated in Irish history, and particularly by Keating, in the reign of Aedh Mac Ainmi- reach, and in the Lives of St. Columbkille, with
573.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
209
Meath, where fell Column Beg, son of Diarmaid. Conall, son of Comhgall, King of Dal-Riada0, died. It was he that granted Hy [lona] to Colum Cille.
The Age of Christ, 573. The sixth year of Aedh. Breanainn, son of Brian", chief of Teathbha [Teffia], died.
The Age of Christ, 574. The seventh year of Aedh. The killing of Aedh, son of Eochaidh Tirmcharnaq, by the Ui-Briuin.
The Age of Christ, 576. The ninth year of Aedh. St Brenainnr, Abbot of Cluain-ferta-Brenainn [Clonfert], died on the 16th of May. He died at Eanach-duin8, and his body was interred at Cluain-ferta-Brenainn. Colman, son of Cairbre, King of Leinster, died at Sliabh-Mairge'.
The Age of Christ, 577. The tenth year of Aedh. St. Ethchen, Bishop of Cluain-foda Baetain-abhau, died on the llth of February. St. Caireach Dear- gain, virgin, of Cluain-Boireannw, died on the 9th of February. Feidhlimidh Finn1, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died.
which they were so well acquainted — See O'Donnell's Vita Columbce, lib. i. c. 93; ii. 10, 110; iii. 1, 2, 4, 5. It is also mentioned by Adamnan, in his Vita Columbce, under the name of Dorsum Cette, lib. i. cc. 10, 49; lib. ii. c. 6; Trias Thaum., pp. 341, 349, 352.
Under the year 575, which is totally omitted by the Four Masters, the Annals of Ulster record : " Scintilla Lepre, et abundantia nucum inatidita. Bellum Teloco in quo cecidit Duncath mac Conaill mic Comgaill et alii multi de sociis JUiorum Gaurain."
The Annals of Clonmacnoise also record : " Diseases of the Leporsie and knobbes," but under the year 569, which is incorrect.
' St. Brenainn, — St. Brenainn, or Brendan, of Clonfert, in the county of Galway, died at Annadown, in the year 577, according to Ussher (Index Chron. in Primord., p. 1145).— See also Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 193.
• Eanach-duin : i. e. the Moor or Marsh of the Dun, or earthen Fort ; now Annadown, on the east margin of Lough Corrib, in the barony of Clare and county of Galway.
2
1 Slidbh-Mairge. — Now Slievemargy, or Slew- marague, a barony in the south-east of the Queen's County — See A. D. 1398.
" Cluain-fota Baetain-Abha : i. e. the Long Lawn or Meadow of Baetain Abha, now Clonfad, in the barony of Farbil, and county of West- meath. — See Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, pp. 304- 306 ; Archdall's Monasticon Hib., p. 708 ; and Obits and Martyrology of Christ Church, Dublin, Introduction, p. liii.
" Cluain-Boireann — Now Cloonburren, on the west side of the Shannon, in the parish of Moore, barony of Moycarnan, and county of Eoscommon, and nearly opposite Clonmacnoise. That part of the River Shannon lying between this church and Clonmacnoise was anciently called Snamh-da-en. — See Buile Shuibhnt, MS., E. I. A., p. 141; and Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 1 34, c. 33 ; Tribes and Customs ofHy-Many, p. 82, note q, and the map to the same work. St. Cairech of this place was the sister of St. Eany, or Endeus, of Aran.
1 Feidhlimidh Finn. — He is set down as Pri- mate in the list of the Archbishops of Armagh E
210
[579.
Cloip Cjnopc, cuig ceo peachrmogac anaoi. Q Do Decc oQooh. Carh Opoma mic Gapcca pia nCtooh, mac Ctinmipech, pop Cenel nGojain, Du in po mapb'aD Colcca, mac OorhnaiU, mic TTluipceapcaij, mic muipeaOoijh.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo ochrmojac. Q cpi Decc oC[ooh. pfpgup Scannal, pi TTlurhan, DO mapbab.
Qoip Cpiopr, cuig ceo ochemojac a haon. Q cfcaip Decc oGob. Cleoh, mac Suibne, coipeac TTlaonmuighe, Decc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cms ceo ochcmojac a DO. d cuij Decc DdoDh. pfpaDhach, mac Ouaich, cijfpna Oppaige, Do mapbao la a rhuincip pfipin.
Ctoip Cpiopr, cuig ceo oclTcmojac acpi. Q pe Decc Ddooh. 8. eppcop Opoma Cfchglaipe, Do ecc an 30 DO TTlhapca, -\ ape an po pochaib Gill mbian.
Qoip Cpiopr, cuig ceD ochcmojac a cfraip. Q peachc Decc DQoD. S. Naccaoime,abb Ufpe Da jlap, bpacaip Caoimjin, DO ecc an ceo la DO TTlan.
Qoip Cpiopr, cuig ceo ochcmojac a cuij. Qn rochcmab bliaDain Decc . bpfnainn cijhfpna Ueacba, Decc. Qp eipi&e po ebbaip (piap an can
given in the Psalter of Cashel, published by Colgan in Trias Thaum., p. 293; and in the Bodleian MS., Laud. 610 — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 38.
Under this year the Annals of Ulster record, " Reversio Ulot de Eamania;" and the Annals of Clonmacnoise notice the " departing of Ul- stermen from Eawyn," under the year 580. It would appear from a notice in the Annals of Ulster, at the year 576, that the Ulta, or ancient Ultonians of the race of Rury, made an effort to recover their ancient fort of Emania in that year, but that they were repulsed by Clann- Colla, or Oirghialla :
" A. D. 576. Primum periculmn Ulot in Eu- fania."
' Druim Mic Earca : i.e. the Ridge or Long Hill of Mac Earca. — Not identified. This battle is recorded in the Annals of Ulster at the years 579 and 580, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 580, as follows:
"A. D.579. -ZMttmDromaMicErcea&t'Colgu, flius Domhnaill, filii Muirchertaig, mic Muire- daig, mic Eogain cecidit." Aed mac Ainmirech victor fuit."
" A. D. 580. Velhic Bdlum Droma Mic Erce." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 580. The battle of Drom mac Eircke was given, where Colga mac Donell mic Mur- tough was slain, and Hugh mac Ainmireagh was victor." — Ann. Clon.
' Fearghus Scannal — According to the Dub- lin copy of the Annals of Innisfallen, " Feargus Sganuil succeeded his brother Cairbre Crom as King of Desmond, in 577, and died in 584. But the testimony of these Annals, which were largely interpolated in 1 760, should be received with great caution.
" Maenmagh. — A level territory lying around the town of Loughrea, in the county of Galway. —See A. M. 3501, and note a, under A. D. 1235, p. 276.
579-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 211
The Age of Christ, 579. The twelfth year of Aedh. The battle of Druim Mic Earca5', [was gained] by Aedh, son of Ainmire, over the Cinel-Eogain, where was slain Colga, son of Domhnall, son of Muircheartach, son of Muireadhach.
The Age of Christ, 580. The thirteenth .year of Aedh. Fearghus Scan- nalz, King of Munster, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 581. The fourteenth year of Aedh. Aedh, son of Suibhne, chief of Maenmagh", died.
The Age of Christ, 582. The fifteenth year of Aedh. Fearadhach, son of Duach, Lord of Osraigheb, was slain by his own people.
The Age of Christ, 583. The sixteenth year of Aedh. St. Fearghus, Bishop of Druim-Leathglaise", died on the 30th of March ; and this was the Fearghus who founded Cill mBiand.
The Age of Christ, 584. The seventeenth year of Aedh. StNathcheimhe, Abbot of Tir-da-ghlase, the brother of Caeimhghinf, died on the first day of May.
The Age of Christ, 585. The eighteenth year of Aedh. Breanainn*, Lord of Teathbha [Teifia], died. It was he that had, some time before, granted
b Osraighe — Now anglice Ossory. This ter- * Tir-da-ghlas — Now Terryglass, a small vil-
ritory anciently comprised the whole of the lage in the barony of Lower Ormond, in the
present diocese so called See note ', under the county of Tipperary, and about four miles to
year 1 175. the north-west of Burrisokeane. In the Life of
" Druim-Leathglaise. — More generally called St. Fintan of Clonenagh, the situation of this
Dun-da-leath-ghlas: i.e. "arx duarum media- place is described as follows: "Jacet" [Colum
rum catenarum," now Downpatrick See Col- Mac Crimthainn] " in sua civitate quee dicitur
gan's Trias Thaum., p. 110, n. 39; also.4cta SS,, Tir-daglas in terra Mumoniae juxta fluvium
p. 193, where this passage is translated thus : Sinna." — See Ussher's Primord., p. 962, and
" 583. S. Fergussius, Episcopus Drom Leth- Lanigan's Eccl. Hist., vol. ii. p. 76. No part of
glassensis .i. Dunensis, obiit 30 Martii. Et ipse the ancient church of Terryglass now remains. extruxit [Ecclesiani] de Kill-mbian." — Quat. Mag. ' Caeimhghin : i. e. St. Kevin of Glendalough,
d Cill mBian — This name, which might be in the county of Wicklow.
anglicised Kilbean or Kilmean, is now obsolete. fBreanainn. — See his death already mentioned
— See Reeves's Antiquities of Down and Connor, under the year 573. It is entered in the Annals
<J-e., p. 144. This bishop would appear to have of Clonmacnoise, under 588, as follows : been a distinguished person, for his death, and " A. D. 588. Hugh mac Brenayn, King of the
the fact of his having founded Cill-mBian, are country of Teffa, that granted Dorowe to St.
mentioned in the Annals of Tighernach at 584, Columbkille, died. The same year there was
and in those of Ulster at 583 and 589. much frost and wind."
2 E2
212
[586.
pain) Ofpmagh DO Oia,i DO Colom Cille. baeccan, mac Caipill, pi Ula6, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ciiis ceo ochcmojac ape. Q naoi Decc DQoD. S. Daigh, eppcop, mac Caipill, Decc an 18 Qugupc. peiDlimiD, mac Uijfpnaij, pi TTluman, Decc. Cac TTloijhe Ochcaip pia mbpan Oub, mac Gachach, pop Uib Nell ipm cealai j op Cluain Conaipe a nofp.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceD ochcmojac apeachc. Qn pichfcmaD blia&ajn DQoD. S. Caoplan, eppcop Qpoa TTlacha, Decc, an cfcparhaD la picfc Do TTlhapca. S. Seanach, eppcop 6 Cluain lopaipo, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuij ceD ochcmojac a hochc. Q haon picheac oQoDh. S. Qooh, mac bpicc, eppcop 6 Gill Qip, i TTli&e, Decc 10 Do Nouembep. Lujhaib Lip moip Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo ochcmojac anaoi. Q DO picheac DQooh. 8. TTlac- mpe, abb Cluana mic Noip, ppi pe pe mblia&an, Decc, ~[ a ecc an 13 DO mi lun.
^Dearmhagh: i.e. Campus rdborum (Bede, Hist, lib. iii. o. 4), now Durrow, in the north of the King's County. — See note ', under A. D. 1186,
P- 71.
' Baetan, son of C air ell. — His death is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 580, and again under 586, thus :
" A. D. 580. Mors Baetain mic Cairill."
" A. D. 586. Vel hie Mors Baetain mic Carill, regis Ulad."
k Daigh, son of Cairell. — In the Irish Calen- dar of O'Clery, at 18th August, he is called Bishop of Inis-caein-Deagha, in Conaille Muir- theimhne, now Inishkeen, in the county of Louth, adjoining the county of Monaghan. — See Colgan's Acta SS., pp. 348, 374. He was the fourth in descent from Eoghan, or Owen, the ancestor of the Kinel-Owen, and the person from whose hands Mochta, of Louth, received the viaticum. The Calendar of Cashel calls him " faber lam in ferro quam in are, et scriba insignis."
1 Feidhlimidh, son of Tighernach. — His death
is entered in the Annals of Ulster, at the year 589, as follows:
" A. D. 589. Mors Feidhlimthe, mic Tiger- naigh, Regis Mumhan."
In the interpolated Dublin copy of the Annals of Innisfallen he is made only King of Desmond, [from 584 to 590], but this is one of Dr. O'Brien's intentional falsifications, to detract from the an- cient importance of the Eoganachts.
m Magh-Ochtair. — A plain in the barony of Ikeathy and Uachtar-fhine or Oughteranny, in the north of the county of Kildare.
",Cluain-Conaire: i. e. Conair<?s Lawn or Mea- dow ; now Cloncurry, in the same barony. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is noticed, under the year 589, as follows :
" A. D. 589. Bellum Maighe Ochtair re mBran Dubh, mac Eachach p°P Uibh Neill."
0 Caerlan. — He was Archbishop of Armagh, " ex regione de O'Niallan oriundus," succeeded Feidhlimidh in 578, and died in 588 — See Har- ris's edition of Ware's Bishops, pp. 38, 39; and Colgan's Acta SS., p. 193. In the Annals of
586.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
213
Dearmhaghh to God and to Colum Cille. Baetan, son of CairelP, King of Ulidia, died.
The Age of Christ, 586. The nineteenth year of Aedli. St. Daigh, bishop, son of Cairellk, died on the 18th of August. Feidhlimidh, son of Tighernach1, King of Munster, died. The battle of Magh-Ochtair01 [was gained] by Bran Dubh, son of Eochaidh, over the Ui-Neill, at the hill over Cluain-Conairen, to the south.
The Age of Christ, 587. The twentieth year of Aedh. St. Caerlan0, Bi- shop of Ard-Macha, died on the twenty-fourth day of March. St. Seanach, Bishop of Cluain-Irairdp, died.
The Age of Christ, 588. St. Aedh, son of Breac, Bishop of Gill- Air", in Meath, on the 10th of November. Lughaidh, of Lis-morr, died.
The Age of Christ, 589. The twenty-second year of Aedh. St. Macnise", Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois for a period of sixteen years, died on the thirteenth of the month of June.
Clonmacnoise his death is entered under the year 587.
T Cluain-Iraird, now Clonard, in the south- west of the county of Meath.
' CHI-Air — NowKillare, an old church giving name to a parish near the hill of Uisneach, in the barony of Rathconrath, and county of West- meath — Seenoteh, under A.D.I 184. InO'Clery's Irish Calendar the festival of Aedh Mac Brie is marked at 10th November, thus :
" Qo6 mac 6pic 6pp. 6 Chill Qip i Hlioe, •) 6 ShliaK Oiaj i oCip 6o^ame, i jCmel Co- naill, Qoip Cpiopc an can po paoio a ppiopao Do cum nime, 588."
" Aedh Mac Brie, Bishop of Killare, in Meath, and of Sliabh Liag, in Tir-Boghaine, in Kinel- Connell. The Age of Christ when he resigned his spirit to heaven, 588."
The ruins of this saint's chapel are still to be seen on the mountain of Slieveleague, in the ba- rony of Banagh, and county of Donegal. The death of Aedh filius Brie is also entered in the Annals of Ulster, at the year 588. Colgan has
published an ancient Life of him at 28th Fe- bruary. He was also the founder and patron of Eathhugh, near Kilbeggan, in Westmeath.
' Lis-mor : i. e. Atrium magnum. Now Lis- more, in the county of Waterford, where St. Carthach, or Mochuda, of Eathain, formed a great religious establishment about the year 633 ; but there seems to have been a church there at an earlier period. Tighernach records the death of this Lughaidh, to whom he gives
the alias name of Moluoc, at the year 691 See
Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 539-
• Macnise. — His death is entered in the An- nals of Clonmacnoise, at the year 587, thus:
" A. D. 587. Mac Nissi, an Ulsterman, third abbot of Clonvicknose, died in the 16th year of his place."
His festival is entered in O'Clery's Irish Ca- lendar at 1 3th June, in which it is remarked that he was abbot of Clonmacnoise for sixteen years, and that he died in 590, under which year it is also recorded in the Annals of Ulster ; but it appears, from certain criteria afforded by
214
[590..
doip Cpiopc, cuig ceDnochac. Ctn cpeap blianain pichfc Ddo6. Carh euouino moip pia bpiacna, mac baecain, mic Caipill, mic UluipeaDoij IDuinofipcc, pop ^epciDe, mac Ronain, cijfpna Ciannachca. Clp Do pin Do paioheaoh,
Qn peachc nolle Do peja pian mic baocain i mbpfja, biaiD Ciarmachca i ppouc nf bac poicpi DO pouc.
Seanchan, mac Colman moip, DO mapb'ab. 8. ^P1©"01!1 t>eloip DO oiponeab a jcacaoip q a gcorhapbup pfoaip appeal Dia aimbeoin.
Ctoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo nochac a haon. Ct cfraip pichfc oQooh. QoD Cfpp, mac Colmain, mic Coipppe, pi Laijfn, Decc.
Ctoip Cpiopr, cuig ceo nochar a DO. Ct cuig pichfc oGoDh. Colum Cille, mac peai&limib, appeal Ctlban, ceann cpabaiD epmoip Gpeann,-] Ctlban lap bpaccpaicc, Decc ina ecclaip pfm in hi ino Ctlbam, mpp an ccuicceaD bliabam cpiochao a oilirpe, oiDce Domnaish DO purDpab an 9 la lunn. Seachc mbliaDna peachcmojacc a aoip uile an can po paoioh a ppiopaic Docum mme, arhail apbfpap ipin pann,
Ueopa blia&na bai jan lep, Colum ma Ouibpeglep,
Luioh 50 haingli apa chachc, lap peachc mbliabna peaccmojac.
these Annals, that the true yearwas 591, namely, " Defectio solis, i. e. mane tenebrosum." — See Art de Ver. les Dates, tom. i. p. 63.
1 Eadan-mor: i. e. the Great Brow or Face of a Hill. This was the name of a hill in East Meath, but the name is now obsolete. It may have been the ancient name of Edenrath, near Navan — See Inquisitions, Lagenia, Meath 6, Jac. I. This entry is given in the Annals of Ulster under the year 593, thus :
" A. D. 593. Bdlum Gerrtide, ri Ciannachte oc Eudonn mor ro meabhaidh. Fiaehna mac Baetain, mic Cairill, mic Muiredaig Muinderg, victor erat."
u Cianachta: i. e. Cianachta-Breagh, in the east of Meath.
" Seanchan. — This agrees with the Annals of Clonmacnoise.
* Gregory of the Golden Mouth. — Dr. O'Conor translates this, " S. Gregorius valde sapiens ;" but this is one of his innumerable childish mis- takes, which are beneath criticism. The me- mory of this Pope was anciently much revered in Ireland, and he was honoured with the title of Beloir, i. e. of the Golden Mouth, as we learn from Cummianus, in his letter to Segienus, abbot of lona, on the Paschal controversy :
" Quid plura? Ad Gregorii Papse, urbis Romse Episcopi (a nobis in commune suscepti, et oris aurei appellatione donati) verba me con- verti." — Ussher's Sylloffe, first edition, p. 31 ; Second edition, p. 21, line 20.
The Irish held the memory of this Pope in such veneration that their genealogists, finding that there were some doubts as to his genealogy, had no scruple to engraft him on the royal stem
590.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
215
The Age of Christ, 590. The twenty-third year of Aedh. The battle of Eadan-mor' [was gained] by Fiachna, son of Baedan, son of Cairell, son of Muireadhach Muindearg, over Gerthidhe, son of Ronan, Lord of Cianachta", of which was said :
On the other occasion, when the soldiers of Baedan shall go into Breagh, The Cianachta shall be on the alert, they shall not be the next to the shot.
Seanchanw, son of Colman Mor, was slain. St. Gregory of the Golden Mouth1 was appointed to the chair and successorship of Peter the Apostle, against his will.
The Age of Christ, 591. The twenty-fourth year of Aedh. Aedh Cerr, son of Colman, son of Cairbre, King of Leinster, died.
The Age of Christ, 592. The twenty-fifth year of Aedh. Colum Cille'', son of Feidhlimidh, apostle of Alba [Scotland], head of the piety of the most part of Ireland and Alba, [next] after Patrick, died in his own church in Hy, in Alba, after the thirty-fifth year of his pilgrimage, on Sunday night precisely, the 9th day of June. Seventy-seven years was his whole age when he resigned his spirit to heaven, as is said in this quatrain :
Three years without light was Colum in his Duibh-regles" ;
He went to the angels from his body, after seven years and seventy.
of Conaire II., the ancestor of the O'Falvys, O'Connells, and other families. His pedigree is given as follows by the O'Clerys in their Ge- nealogies of the Irish Saints :
" Gregory of Rome, son of Gormalta, son of Connla, son of Arda, son of Dathi, son of Core, son of Conn, son of Cormac, son of Core Duibhne" [the ancestor of the Corca Duibhne, in Kerry], " son of Cairbre Muse, son of Conaire."
The Four Masters have given the accession of this Pope under the true year. Gregory was made Pope on the 13th of September, which was Sunday, in the year 590, and died on the 12th of March, 604, having sat thirteen years, six months, and ten days. — See Art de Ver. les Dates, torn. i. p. 245.
' Colum Cille — His death is entered in the Annals of Ulster, under the year 594, as follows:
" A. D. 594. Quies Coluim Cille u. Idus Junii, anno etatis sue Ixxvi."
It is entered in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, under 590, thus :
" A. D. 590. St. Columbkill died at" [on] " Whitsuntide eave, the 5th of the Ides of June, in the island of Hugh" [Hy or lona], " in the 35th year of his pilgrimmage and banishment into Scotland, and in the 77th year of his age, as he was saying his prayers in the church of that isle, with all his moncks about him."
' Duibh-reyles — This was the name of a church
erected by St. Columbkille at Derry See
note c, under A. D. 1173.
cn-watd Rioshachca eiReaww.
[593.
Dalian popgaill oijcic hoc DO bap Choluim Cille :
Ip leijep leja jan lep, ip oebail pmepa yie pmuaip, Ip abpan pe cpuir jan ceip, pinoe beip ap napgain uaip.
Qo6 Dub, mac Suibne, pi Ulab, Do mapba6 la Piaca, mac baeccain. dp lap an Gooli nDub pin copchaip Diapmairc mac Ceapbaill.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo nochac acpf. Q pe pichfc DQooh. Cumapcacb, mac Clooha, mic dinmipecli, DO mapbab la bpan Dub, mac Gachach, i nDun bucac, arhail ap bepc naom QeDan eppcop :
^uiDim in coimoiu comachcach, i pail Cille panoaipech TCobpi Diojail Comupccaij, juin Cfooha mic Q;nmipech.
• Dalian Forgaill. — He was a disciple of St. Columbkille, and wrote the poem called Amhra Choluim Cille in praise of that saint. — Ada Sanctorum, p. 203 ; and O'Reilly's Irish Writers, p. 39.
b The Ceis. — Irish glossographers are not agreed on the meaning of this word. The most rational of all the conjectures they hare left us is, that it was the name of the cpom ceo, or bass string of the harp. Another writer states that it was the name of a small harp which ac- companied a large harp. " Ceip amm Do cpuic bic bip i comaicecccpuice mope." — SeeAmhra Choluim Cille, in Leabhar-na-hUidhri.
0 Aedh Dubh : i. e. Hugh the Black. His death is entered in the Annals of Ulster, at the year 587, as follows :
" A. D. 587- Nix magna, et jugulatio Aedha Nigri mic Suibne in nave.'1''
This event is recorded by Adamnan in his Vita Columbo3, lib. i. c. 36, where he gives the following character of this slayer of King Diar- maid :
" Findchanus Aidum cognomento Nigrum, Regio genere ortum Cruthinium gente,de Scotia" [i. e. Hibernia] " ad Britanniam sub clericatus habitu secum adduxit, qui Aidus, valde sangui- narius homo, et multorum fuerat trucidator, et
Diermitium filium Cerbuill totius Scotiae Reg- natorem, Deo auctore ordinatum interfecerat, &c. Ordinatus vero indebite, dolo lancea trans- fixus, de prora ratis in aquam lapsus stagneam disperiit."
Colgan, in a note on this passage, in his edi- tion of Adamnan's Vit. Colunib., says, Trial Thaum., p. 379, that three anonymous authors who wrote on the Kings of Ulster, and whose works he had in his possession, state that this Aedh Dubh ("Aidus Niger, films Suibnei, Rex Ultoniae, qui Diermitium, filium Kervalli, inte- remit") was slain by the Crutheni in a ship.
d Dun-Bucat. — Now Dunboyke, a townland containing the remains of a dun, or earthen fort, and a grave-yard, in the parish of Hollywood, barony of Lower Talbotstown, and county of Wicklow. In the Annals of Ulster the death of this Cumasgach is entered under the year 596, thus :
" A. D. 596. Occisio Cumasgaidh, mic Aeda, la Bran Dubh mac nEchach i nDun-Buchat."
According to the ancient historical tract called the Borumha-Laighean, this Cumascach set out on his royal, free-quarter, juvenile visi- tation of Ireland, on which he was resolved to have the wife of every king or chieftain in Ire- land for a night! He first set out for Leinster,
.593.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 217
Dalian Forgaill3 composed this on the death of Colum Cille :
Like the cure of a physician without light, like the separation of marrow from
the bone, Like a song to a harp without the Ceis\ are we after being deprived of our
noble.
Aedh Dubhc, son of Suibhne, King of Ulidia, was slain by Fiachna, son of Baedan. It was by this Aedh Dubh Diarmaid Mac Cearbhaill had been slain.
The Age of Christ, 593. The twenty-sixth year of Aedh. Cumuscach, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, was slain by Bran Dubh, son of Eochaidh, at Dun-Bucatd, as the Bishop St. Aedhan6 said :
I implore the powerful Lord, near Cill-Rannairechf,
It was he that took revenge of Comuscach, that slew Aedh mac Ainmirech.
with four battalions, and crossed the Kiver Righ (the Rye Water), which was the boundary be- tween that province and Meath. He advanced to Bealach-Chonglais, now Baltinglas, where Bran Dubh, King of Leinster, resided (at Rath- bran, near Bantinglas). He sent for the wife of Bran Dubh, who came to him, and requested that he would not detain her until she had exhibited her hospitality in distributing food among his attendants. This request was granted ; but the Queen of Leinster, instead of remaining to wait on his hosts, fled, like an honest woman, from her palace, and betook herself to the fast- nesses of the lonely forest of Dun-Buichet. After this the King of Leinster, attired in the garb of a menial, set fire to the house in which was the young libertine, Cumascach, who, dress- ing himself in the clothes of one of his satirical poets, climbed to the ridge-pole of the hole, and, making his way out, escaped the flames, and fled to Monaidh-Cumascaigh, at the end of the Green of Cill-Rannairech [now Kilranelagh], where Loichine Lonn, Erenagh of that church, and ancestor of the family of O'Lonain, who disco- vered who he was, cut off his head, and carried
2
it to Rath-Bran Duibh, where he presented it to the King of Leinster, who, for this signal ser- vice, granted perpetual freedom (or exemption from custom or tribute) to the church of Cill- Rannairech.
The Monarch Aedh Mac Ainmirech, hearing of the fate of his son, marched an army into Leinster, and fought the battle of Dunbolg.
f Aedhan: i. e. Maedhog, or Mogue, Bishop of Ferns, who died in the year 624.
' Cill-Rannairech. — Now Kilranelagh, near Baltinglass, in the county of Wicklow. Dr. O'Conor translates Cill-Rannairech, " ecclesia ad manifestandum supra omnes," but this is ab- surd, for it is the name of a church even at the present day, signifying cell or church of Ran- naire, a man's name. In the ancient historical tract called Borumha-Laighean two lines of this quatrain are given thus: "5u|6im combib cu- tnaccac, comp 10 cille Runnuipec." " I pray the [al]mighty Lord, the principal incumbent of Cill-Rannairech ;" and it is added that the whole poem was written in another part of the book : "Alibi in hoc libra scripsimus ;" but it is uot now to be found in any of the copies.
-MS
UNWK.U
[594.
Curli Slobc Ciinr, In lllumum. pop llluiinxu limi'.. bpiru Inui pia TIHK mbaoocnn. Ciobpame, mac Calgaij, oecc.
Goip Cpiopr, cuij; ceo nochae a cfraip. lap mbfidlpeacc mbliaDna picfc i pijjhe n6peann oQooh, mac ainmipecb, mic Seacna, copcaip la bpan Oub, mac Gachach, i ccarh Oinn bolcc i ILaijmb, ap nool D<3ot> DO rabach na
of Ireland had pitched his camp near Dun- Buaice. Brau-Dubh despatched him thither to request an armistice from the monarch until he should muster his forces, 'when he would either come upon terms of peace or give him battle. The bishop went on this embassy, but the monarch refused to comply with this re- quest, and addressed his half-brother, Bishop Aidau, iu insulting language, and the latter resented it by predicting his doom. The mo- narch then marched with his forces to Bealach Dun-bolg, which evidently extended along Hol- lywood Glen, and over the great, flat, rocky surface called Lee Couuugh-ciumJi [Flag of the broken Bones], and onward through Bearua- ua-sciath. i. e. the Gap of the Shields, at Kil- belat [Kilbaylet], where he pitched a fortified camp in a strong position.
The Bishop Aidan returned to Bran-Dubh. and informed him that the monarch of Ireland was encamped at Kilbelat, and that he had treated him with indignity. The King of Lein- ster then asked the bishop what was best to be done, as he had not time to muster his forces, and the bishop advised him to have recourse to a stratagem which he planned for him. and which ultimately proved successful- Bran-Dubh and the bishop then set out to reconnoitre the royal camp, and they arrived, accompanied by 120 young heroes, on the side of Sliabh Xeach- tain, a mountain which then received its pre- sent name of Sliabh Oadaigh, and they per- ceived what appeared to them to be numerous docks of birds, of various colours, hovering over the camp. These they soon recognised to be the standarus and ensigns of the Ui-NeiU,
ow Slieve Gua, in theuorth- of tl><> county of Wnterlord — Six- note1, under A. M. 3790, p. 48, *itj>r»>.
k />Ktt-kty.> i. e. Fort of the Sacks. This place. is described in the historic*! tract called the > /.V>rw»iA1i-/.<i»jAf\»H, as situated to the south of Puu-Buehat [now Dnnboyke, noar Hollywood. in the county of Wk-klow], not far from a ohxuxh called Cill-Belat, now Kilbaylot, near Ponard, in the same county. The following is a brief outline of the account of the battle of the road or pass of Dun-bolg, as given, vrith varieties of most curious fabulous details, in this ancient historical story.
When the monarch Aedh, son of Aininirw, heard, at his palace of Aileaeh, in Ulster, that his soli Coumscach had been killed at Dun-Buchau he assembled the forces of I.esth-Chuinn. and marchcvl at their head to the River Righe, on the eoofiu«s of Meath and Leinster ; and proceeded th«KV directly for the place where his s»>n had been kilievl. and pitched his cunp at Bseth- Kalxha. close to Ouu-Buaice. \Vheu Bran Dubh. King of Leinstvr. who was stay ing at a place. c*U«d Sokdhairv- [Skerk], in the south of U i- Ceinus«kla«gh, heard of the monarvh's arriral •with his artuy at the Righe. he mowd north- wards ie* his principal tort of Rath-Brain Duibh [now Rathbrau j, near Bealach Conghlais. or Ralungkss. and {^ssevi ovvr Moiute*ch> Muin- cki«k Uaimhn* [thelVeps}. Etar. Ard-Chvxillidh. a»d Arvl-*uBre*«», and. «»ossinj the Rixvr Sliine
wnr Ifcft hwi «f Fe to Bea- "MhACfcMgfcliKHere fee was met by Bishop Aid**, the Monarch's halt" r, who iutv>nued him that the Monarch
>~
AXXALS OF THE KDE6DOM OF IKELA5D.
Tie battle of SBdifcC**, MLBOBoffiM A^ of Christ,
[m» pin*) ow Ae of Ca%aek, died,
* " •
n Ae JorertigBty of Irtiaod, bfe of EodM*,m the battle of D^boig*. n
. -
.
.-. -
- -
220
[595.
boporha, -] Do Diojail a mic Chomupccoij; poppa. Uopcpacap apoile paop clanna ipin each fin bealoig Ouin bolg, im 6ecc, mac Cuanach, cijfpna Qipjiall. Gp DO bap Qoba Do pai&eao :
Q mbuac, pfpup an ronn ppi bpuach,
Qcpec pcela, cia pa pcic, Gooh, mac Qmmipeach po bich.
ben Qeoa cecinic.
6acop lonmume cpi caoib, ppip nach ppeipge aicfppach, Uaoban caillcfn, caob Ufrhpa pcaob QoDa, mic Gmmipeaah.
Goip Cpiopc, cuij ceO nochac a cuij. On ceo bliabain DCtob Slaine, mac mic Oiapmaca, mic pfpsupaCfppbeoil,-] DO Colman RimiD, i pije nGpeann. S. baoicin, mac bpeanamn, abb lae Choloim Cille, Decc an 9 lume. Ctili- chip, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc.
for the monarch's camp. When the Oirghialla, who were posted at Bun-Aife, heard the din and the tumult of this host, — the snorting of the horses and the lowing of the loaded oxen, — they started to arms, and asked who were the party advancing. The others made answer that they were the calones of Leinster who were conveying victuals for the entertainment jf the people of the King of Ireland. The Oirghialla, on examining the tops of the hampers, felt the dressed provi- sions, and their king, Dubhduin or Beg mac Cuanach, said, " they are telling the truth ; let them pass." The Leinstermen advanced to the centre of the monarch's camp, and there, on a hill called ever since Candle-hill, they removed the king's cauldron off the great candle, and its light was seen far and wide. They were fol- lowed by the Oirghialla, who wished to partake of the King of Leinster's hospitality. " What great light is this we see," said the monarch to the leper. The leper replied : " the Leinstermen have arrived with their provisions, and this is their light." The stratagem was now effected. Small bags, filled with stones, were fastened to the tails of the wild horses, which were let loose among the tents of the men of Ireland;
the oxen were disencumbered of their bur- dens, and the Leinster soldiers issued from the hampers, grasped their swords, raised their shields, and prepared for fighting. The leper also cast off his wooden, leg, and handled his sword. The Kinel-Connell and Kinel-Owen, perceiving that the camp was surprised, sprang up, and, forming a rampart of spears and shields around the monarch of Ireland, conveyed him on his steed to Bearna-na-sciath. The leper, Eon Kerr, pursued the monarch with a select party of Leinstermen, and after much desperate fighting unhorsed him, and cut off his head on a flat rock called Lec-Comaigh-cnamh. He emptied his wallet of the crumbs which he had got in the royal pavilion, and put into it the head of the monarch. He then passed unobserved in the darkness of the night, from the confused fight which ensued, into the wild recesses of the mountain, where he remained till morning. The Leinstermen routed the Ui-Neill and Oir- ghialla with great carnage, and slew, among others, Beg, the son of Cuanach, chief of Oir- ghialla.
On the following day Ron Kerr, son of Dubh- auach, chief of Imaile, presented BranDubh with
595.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
221
gone to exact the Borumha, and to avenge his son Comusgach upon them. Some nobles fell in this battle of Bealach Duin-bolg, together with Beg, son of Cuanach, Lord of Oirghialla. Of the death of Aedh was said :
At Buac, the wave buffets the brink,
News were heard, who, in weariness, slew Aedh, son of Ainmire.
The wife of Aedh1 cecinit :
•
Three sides were dear, from which to change is [affords] no hope,.
The side of Tailltin, the side of Teamhair, and the side of Aedh, son of Ainmire.
The Age of Christ, 595. The first year of Aedh Slainek, son of the son of Diarmaid, son of Fearghus Cerrbheoil, and of Colman Rimidh, in the so- vereignty of Ireland. St. Baeithin1, son of Brenainn, Abbot of la-Choluim Cille [lona], died on the 9th of June. Ailithir01, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died.
the head of the monarch, Aedh, son of Ainmire ; and he obtained from the king the privilege of dining at the royal table, and his paternal in- heritance free of tribute to him and his repre- sentatives for ever. In the very ancient Life of St. Aidan, or Maidocus, published by Colgan, at 31st January, we find the following passage, which very curiously agrees with this historical tale :
"Iste [Brandub] vir astutissimus et valde probus in militia erat, et agens astute, intravit audaciter in castra inimicorum, et occidit ipsum regem Hibernian, ,/Edum filium Ainmirech ; et maxiinam casdem nobilium virorum totius Hi- bernia? cum eo fecit." — Trias Thaum., p. 211.
The Annals of Ulster record this battle of Dun-bolg under the year 597, and the Annals of Tighernach under 598, which last is the true year. Ussher states that after the fall of Aedh I., son of Ainmire, King of Ireland, in the battle of Dunbolg, Brandubh, King of Leinster, is said to have bestowed his seat at Ferns upon Aedan, but also that he made it the metropolis of all Leinster — Primordia, p. 965.
1 The wife of Aedh Written 6ean Oeoha
by Cucogry O'Clery in his copy of the Leabhar
Gabhala, p. 184. Dr. O'Conor translates this " Beatus Aodha," in his edition of these Annals, p. 178.
k Aedh Slaine, fyc. — The commencement of the reign of these joint monarchs is recorded in the Annals of Ulster at the year 597.
1 Baeithin.—" A. D. 597. Quies Baetini Abb Ire."— Ann. Ult.
He was a distinguished scribe, and the near relative and intimate companion of St. Columb- kille. He was the son of Brenainn, who was son of Muireadhach, who was St. Columbkille's uncle. His principal church was Teach Baithaein, now Taughboyne, in the barony of Raphoe, and county of Donegal, where his festival was kept on the 9th of June, which was also St. Columb- kille's day. Ussher places his death in the year 598, but Colgan places it in 600, because he finds that he lived four years after the death of St. Columbkille, who died in 596. Adamnan makes special mention of him in his Vita Co- lumbce, lib. i. cc. 2, 23, and lib. iii. c. 4. It is stated in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, A. D. 596, that he died in the sixty-sixth year of his age.
m Ailithir — " A. D. 598. Ailitir, Abbas Cluana mac Nois patisat." — Ann. UU.
222
[596-
Qoip Cpiopc, ciiig ceo nochac ape. Qn oapa blm6ain oClob Slaine, -] Do Colman. S. Sniche, ogh 6 Cluam lech cfngaO, Decc, an naorhab la Do No- uembep. Suibne, mac Colmain bice, cigfpna TTIioe, Do rhapbab la hGob Slaine i mbpioarh.
Qoip Cpiopc, cuig ceo nochac apeachc. Qn cpeap bliaOain odob -j DO Colman. bemennq 6pan Ouib im bpfjhaibh. bpenamn, mac Coipppe mic pecine, cijfpna Ua TTlaine, oecc.
Cach Slfrhna TTlibe pia Colman I?imi6 pop Conall Cu, mac QoDha, mic Qinmipeac, -] po meab'aiD pop Conall. Cach Guile caol pia bpiacna mac baocain, pop piachna, mac Demain, agup po meabaib an each pop piachna mac Oemain. Uaca, mac CtoDha, mic Gachach Uiopmcapna, pig Connachca, Decc. GochaiD, mac Oiapmacca, eppcop -) abb Qpoa TTlaca, Decc.
" Sinche. — This name is more usually written Sineach, in the nominative form. The memory of this virgin is still venerated at Cill-Sinche, now Kilshine, near Navan, in East Meath, and at Teach-Sinche, now Taughshinny, near Bal- lymahon, in the county of Longford. The lat- ter is probably the place called Cluain leththen- gadh in the text.
" Bri-damh: i. e. the Hill of the Oxen, which was the name of a hill over a stream called Suainiu, in the parish and barony of Geshill, King's County. — See note % under A. M. 3501, p. 28, supra. Dr. O'Conor translates this as follows :
" Suibneus filius Colmanni Parvi Princeps Midi® occisus per Aodhum Slanensem tyran- nice."
But tyrannice is incorrect, as Dr. O'Conor might have learned from Colgan, who trans- lates it thus :
" Anno Christ! 596. Subneus filius Colmani seu Columbani cognomento parvi" (Magni ut reor rectius) " Princeps Media;, interfectus est per Aidum Slane in loco qui Brig-dham appel- latur."— Trias Thaum., p. 376, n. 54.
This entry is given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 599, and in the Annals of Clonmac-
noise at 597, as follows :
" A. D. 599. Jugulatio Suibne, mic Colmain Moir, mic Diarmata Derg, mic Fergusa Cer- bheoil, mic Conaill Cremthaine, mic Neill Nai- giallaig, la hAed Slaine, ic Bridam for Suainiu i. e. rivulus."
" A. D. 599. The killing of Suibhne, son of Colman Mor, son of Diarrnaid Derg, son of Fearghus Cerbheoil, son of Conall Cremhthaine, son of Niall of the Nine -Hostages, by Aedh Slaine, at Bri-damh, over the Suainiu, a stream." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 597. Swyne mac Colman was killed by King Hugh Slane, at the river called Swa- niou." — Ann. Clon.
Adamnan has a distinct notice of the killing of this Suibhne by the King Aedh Slaine, in his Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 14, where he says that St. Columbkille had forewarned him not to be guilty of fratricide, for that if he should his reign would be brief. His words are as fol- lows :
" Prophetia beati viri de filio Dermitii Eegis, qui Aidus Slane lingua nominatus est Scotica.
" Alio in tempore, cum vir beatus in Scotia per aliquot demoraretur dies, ad supradictum Aidum ad se venientem, sic prophetice locutus,
596.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
223
The Age of Christ, 596. The second year of Aedh Slaine and of Colman. St. Sinche", virgin, of Cluain-leththeangadh, died on the ninth day of November. Suibhne, son of Colman Beg, Lord of Heath, was slain by Aedh Slaine, at Bri- darnh0.
The Age of Christ, 597. The third year of Aedh and Colman. The sword- blows" of Bran Dubh in Breagh. Brenainn, son of Cairbreq, son of Fechine, Lord of Ui-Maine, died.
The battle of Sleamhain1', in Meath, [was fought] by Colman Bimidh against Conall Cu8, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire ; and Conall was defeated. The battle of Cuil-Cael*, by Fiachna, son of Basdan, against Fiachna, son of Deman. ; and the battle was gained against Fiachna, son of Deman. Uata", son of Aedh, son of Eochaidh Tirmcharna, King of Connaught, died. Eochaidh, son of Diar- maidw, Bishop and Abbot of Ard-Macha [Armagh], died.
ait ; Prsecavere debes, fill ne tibi a Deo totius Iberniae Regni prasrogatiuam Monarchies prse- destinatam parricidali faciente peccato amittas : narn si quandoque illud commiseris, non toto Patris Eegno, sed eius aliqua parte in gente tua, breui frueris tempore. Qua? verba Sancti sic sunt expleta secundiim eius vaticinationem : nam post Suibneum filium Columbani dolo ab eo interfectum, non plus (vt fertur) quam qua- tuor annis et tribus mensibus regni concessa potitus est parte." — See death of Aedh Slaine, A. D. 600.
p Sword-blows — This means that Bran Dubh, King of Leinster, overran Bregia in East Meath with the sword.
« Brenainn, son of Cairbre.—" A. D. 600. Terre motus in Bairrchi. Mors Brendain mic Coirpri mic Feichine. Sic invent in libra Cua- nach." — Ann. Ult.
' Sleamhain Now Slewen, a townland near
Mullingar, in the county of Westmeath, now divided into two parts, of which the larger is called Slewenmore, and the smaller Slewenbeg. See note q, under the year 492. See also the pub- lished Inquisitions, Lagenia, Westmeath, No. 68, Car. I. This battle is noticed in the Annals of
Ulster twice ; first at the year 600, and again at 601 ; and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 601, as follows :
" A. D. 600. Bellum Sleune, et Bdlum Guile coil."
"A. D. 601. Bellum in, quo Colman Rimed, rex Generis Euguin victor erat et Conall Cuun mac Aeda mic Ainmirech, fugitivus evasit."
" A. D. 601. The Battle of Sleawyn in Meath was given, where King Colman Rivea was victor, and Conall Cowe, son of King Hugh Ainmi- reagh, put to flight." — Ann. Clon.
8 Conall Cu. — Colgan thinks that he was the same as Conall Clogach, who insulted St. Co- lumbkille at the Convention of Druim-Ceat — See Trias Thaum., pp. 431, 452. '
1 Cuil-Cael: i. e. the Narrow Corner or Angle. This place, which was situated either in the county of Down or Antrim, is unknown to the Editor.
u Uata, son of Aedh. — " A. D. 601. Mors Huatach mac Aedo." — Ann. Ult.
* Eochaidh, son of Diarmaid. — According to Ware, this prelate succeeded in 588, and died in 598 — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 39.
224
[598.
Cloip Cpiopc, cms ceo nochar a hochc. Qn cfrparhaD bliaDain t>Qo6 -| oo Colman. 3. Camnech, abb QchaiD bo, 065 an 1 1 oOccobep lap mbfic ceicpe bliabna ochrmojac ina beachaib. Cach Gachpoip i TYluipiupc pia Colman coipech Cenel Coipppe pop TTlaolcochaijh, coipeac Ceneoil piach- pach TTluipipce, i po meabaioh an each pin pop TTlaolcochaij.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo. S. Comgall bfnocaip abb bfnocaip UlaD, Oecc, an oeachriiaD la DO mi Tllan, lap mofic cao^a bliaoain cpi mf -\ oeich la i naboame bfnocaip. Nochac bliaoain a aoip. 8. Colman, mac Cenrme, Decc. S. Laippen, .1. ab TTlfna opoichic, Decc.
T Achadh-bo. — Translated " campulus bovis" by Adamnan, in his Vita Columb., lib. ii. c. 31 ; apud Colgan, Trias Thaum., p. 345 ; and " ager bourn" in a Lii'e of St. Canice, quoted by Ussher, Primord., p. 957- It is now anglicised Aghaboe, and is a townland and parish in the barony of Upper Ossory, in the Queen's County. In the Annals of Ulster the death of St. Cainnech is entered under the years 598 and 599 ; and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 597, as fol- lows :
" A. D. 598. Quies Cainig in Achaid bo, tit Guana docet."
" A. D. 599. Quies Cainig Sancti, et BeUum Saxonum in quo victus est Aed." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 597- Canneagh of Acha Boe, named Saint Kenny, in the 84th year of his age, died." — Ann. Clon.
This saint is mentioned by Adamnan in his Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 4 ; and lib. iii. c. 21. — See Ussher's Primordia, pp. 907, 957. In O'Clery's Irish Calendar his festival is set down under the 1 1 th of October, and it is stated that his principal church was Achadh-bo, and that he had another church at Cill-Righmonaidh (now St. Andrews) in Alba. From this saint, according to Archbishop Ussher, Primordia, p. 957, the toWn of Kilkenny, which is at this day pronounced in Irish Cill Chuinni j, i. e. cella smefanum Canicii, Canice.'s cell or church, takes its name. But Dr. Ledwich has attempted to
show, without any authority, that Kilkenny is compounded of Kyle-ken-ui, which he interprets wooded head near the river ; but his Irish and translation are equally groundless ; and the error is the more inexcusable in this writer, as he had the grave authority of Ussher and others to guide him. — See Lanigan's Ecclesiastical His- tory of Ireland, vol. ii. p. 202.
1 Eachros : i. e. the Headland or Promontory of the Horses, now Aughris, a townland in which formerly stood a priory, situated in the north of the parish of Templeboy, barony of Tireragh, and county of Sligo. — See Genealogies, Tribes, $c., of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 138.
1 Huirisc : i. e. the Sea-plain, a district in the barony of Tireragh, and county of Sligo, extending from the River lascaigh [Easkey] eastwards to the stream which flows into the sea between the townlands of Ballyeskeen and Dunnacoy — See Ordnance Map of the county of Sligo, sheet 12. See also Genealogies, Tribes, fyc., of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 257, note b, and the map to the same work.
a Cinel- Cairbre. — These were the race of Cairbre, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, Monarch of Ireland, who were at this period seated in the barony of Carbury, and county of
Sligo, to which barony they gave name See
Genealogies, Tribes, fyc. of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 279, line 1.
b Cinel-Fiachrach ofMuirisc. — These were the
598.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
225
The Age of Christ, 598. The fourth year of Aedh and Colman. St. Cain- nech, Abbot of Achadh-box, died on the llth of October, after having been eighty-four years in [this] life. The battle of Eachrosy, in Muirisc", by Colman, chief of Cinel-Cairbre", against Maelcothaigh, chief of Cinel-Fiachrach, of Mui- riscb; and the battle was gained over Maelcothaigh.
The Age of Christ, 600. St. Comhgall, of Beannchair, abbot of Beannchair- Uladhc, died on the tenth day of the month of May, after having been thirty years, three months, and ten days, in the abbacy of Bangor. His age -was ninety years. St. Colman, son of Leinind, died. St. Laisren, abbot of Mena- droichit", died.
inhabitants of the barony of Tir-Fhiachrach, now Tireragh, in the county of Sligo.
'Beannchair- Uladh : i. e. Beannchair of Ulidia, now Bangor, in the north-east of the county of Down. The word Beannchair, which frequently enters into the topographical names throughout Ireland, signifies horns, peaks, or pointed hills or rocks. The present place is said to have derived its name from a vast number of cows' horns, which were scattered about the plain on one occasion that Breasal Bealach, King of Leinster, encamped there, after having plun- dered Scotland — See Reeves's Ecclesiastical An- tiquities of Down and Connor, &c., p. 200.
For some account of St. Comhgall, who was a disciple of St. Fintan of Clonenagh, and the tutor of the celebrated Columbanus of Bobbio, and the founder of the great monastery of Beannchair, or Bangor, in Ard-Uladh (Ards, in the county of Down), the reader is referred to Ussher's Primordia, pp. 911, 956; Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, pp. 73, 541 ; Archdall's Monas- ticon Hiber., pp. 106-110; und Lanigan's Eccle- siastical History of Ireland, vol. ii. pp. 60, 66, et seq. Ware says that this place received its name from " White Choir" which he thinks is Banchor in Irish, but it is never so written by the Irish Annalists (SeeTighernach, ad ann.558) ; and, though Colgan and De Burgo seem to ap- prove of this interpretation, it is quite certain
2
that it is nothing more than an ingenious con- jecture.
The Annals of Ulster record, " Quies Comguil Beanchuir," at the year 601 ; and the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 600, as follows :
" A. D. 600. Cowgal, Abbot of Beanchor, in the 90th year of his age, and in the 50th year of his abbotship and three months, died."
d St. Colman, son of Laisren. — He was the first founder of the church of Cluain-Umha, now Cloyne, in Ui-Leithain, in the now county of Cork — See Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, p. 309; and Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 573. Colgan says that he wrote a Life of St. Senanus of Inis-Cathaigh, of which he (Colgan) had a fragment, "stylo vetusto et pereleganti patrio ser- mone conscriptum." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 339, n. 15. Ware says that this saint died on the 4th of November, A. D. 608 : and hence Harris doubts whether " one Colman, the son of Lenin, whose festival was kept at Cloyne on the 24th of November, was the same as this bishop;" but he should have learned that the Feilire Aenguis, O'Clery's Irish Calendar, and all the Martyrologies, place the festival of the founder of the church of Cloyne under the 24th of November, and that the 4th is a mere inadver- tent mistake of Ware.
• Henadroichit : i. e. Mena Bridge. " Men no- men arnnis, -\ hi f-ai^ip aca, L e. Men, is the name
226
[600
lap mbeic pe bliabna hi pighe nGpeann oQooh Slaine, mac Diapmacca, 1 DO Colman Rimib, mac baecain, mic Hluipceapcaig, mic TTluipeaboij, mic Gogain, mic Nell, Do cfp ona Colman T?imib la Lochan Diolmana, copcaip Qob Slaine la Conall n^uiebinn, mac Suibne, mic Colmain TTloip, no bice, mic Diapmacca, mic Ceapbinll 05 Loch Semoibe. Qoo 5uT>can> comalca Conaill, -| baochjal bile pon guinpfcop, conab oia noibeaohaib ap pubpab.
Ceou pijhe ceou peachc, ceou nfpc pop piojpaba, GmD Colman T?imib pi, pombi Lochan Diolmana. Ni ba haipmipc ino aiple, DO na hocaibh Uuaib Uuipbe, Conall pombi Qob Slaine, Qooh Slaine pombu Suibne.
Conall, mac Suibne, Din DO mapbab Qooha l?om, coipioch Ua pailge, hi paicce mic ITIencnam, -| Qooh buibe, coipeach Ua TTIaine, ipm 16 ceacna in po mapbab Qooh Slaine laip. Qp opopaicmfc na nechc pin po paibeab,
ba po mop an puab cuma, pop piojpaio Gpeann uile,
Qooh Slaine pa plua£ glonnac, Qooh l?6n agup Qooh buiohe.
Clonmacnoise at 604, as follows :
" A. D. 602. Omnia quee scripta stint in anno sequente, invent in libra Cuanach in isto esse per- fecta. A. D. 603. Jugidatio Colmain Kimedo, mic Baedain Brigi, mic Muircheartaich, mic Erca, mic Diarmada, mic Fergusa Cerrbeoil, mic Co- naill Cremthaine, mic Neill Naigiallaig, a viro de genere suo qui dictus est Lochan Dealmana. Ju- gulatio Aeda Slaine o Conall mac Suibne ; qui regnaverunt Temoria equali potestate simul. Ju- gidatio Aedo Roin, rex Nepotum Failgi, i Faetgi Maenaen, for bru Locha Seimdide. Aed Gustan, Comalta Conaill, ocus Baetan Bile ro gonsadar. Eodem die quo jugulalus est Aed Slaine, Aed Buidhi, ri Ciniuil Maine occisus est." — Ann. Ult. " A. D. 604. King Colman Rivca was killed by one of his own near kinsmen named Lochan Delmanna ; and also King Hugh Slane was likewise killed by one Conell Guthvyn mac Swyne. Hugh Ron, prince of Offalley, and Hugh, prince of Imaine, were killed the same day by the self- same man." — Ann. Clou.
of a river which is in Laighis [Leix] " — Feilire- Aenguis in the Ledbhar Breac, at 16th September. " PTIeana amm abann pil i Caijip, no 50 mab 6 opoicfo pil pop an aoninn pin po hainmnijeao an baile," i. e. " Meana is the name of a river which is in Laighis, or it is from a bridge which is on that river the place is called." — O'Clery's Calendar, 16th September.
The place is now called Monadrehid, and is a townland in the south-west end of the plain of Magh-Tuathat, or parish of Offerrilan, about one mile north-east of Borris-in-Ossory, in the Queen's County. There are still some ruins of St. Laisren's church to be seen at this place.
' Loch-Semhdid/ie, now Lough Sewdy, ad join- ing the ruined village of Ballymore-Loughsewdy, situated nearly midway between Athlone and Mulliugar, in the county of Westmeath. — See note '', under A. D. 1450, p. 970. The slaying of these joint monarchs is recorded in the Annals of Ulster at the year 603, and in the Annals of
600.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
227
After Aedh Slaine, son of Diarmaid, and ColmanRimidh, son of Baedan, son of Muircheartach, son of Muireadhach, son of Eoghan, son of Niall, had been six vears in the sovereignty of Ireland, Colman Rimidh was slain by Lochan Dil- mana, [and] Aedh Slaine was slain by Conall Guithbhinn, son of Suibhne, son of Colman Mor, or Beg, son of Diarmaid, son of Cearbhall, at Loch Semhdidhef. Aedh Gustan, the foster-brother of Coiiall, and Baethghal Bile, wounded him. Of their deaths was said :
What is reign, what is law, what is power over chieftains ?
Behold, Colman Rimhidh the King ! Lochan Dilmana slew him !
It was not a wise counsel for the youths of Tuath-Tuirbheg!
Conall slew Aedh Slaine, Aedh Slaine slew Suibhne.
Conall, son of Suibhne, slew Aedh Roin, chief of Ui-Failghe, at Faithche- mic-Mencnainh, and Aedh Buidhe, chief of Ui-Maine, on the same day on which Aedh Slaine was slain by him. To commemorate these events was said :
Great was the bloody condition of all the Irish kings, —
Aedh Slaine of the valorous host, Aedh Roin, and Aedh Buidhe.
The doom of Aedh Slaine is referred toby Adamnan in his Vita Columbce, lib. i. c. 14, where it is said to have been predicted by St. Columb- kille __ See note under A. D. 596, supra :
" Nam post Suibneum filium Columbani dolo ab eo interfectum, non plus (ut fertur) quam quatuor annis et tribus mensibus regni con- cessa potitus est parte." On this Colgan writes the following note in Trias Thaum., p. 376, note 54:
" Mira consentione veritatem hujus prophetise indicant et confirmant Quatuor Magistri in An- nalibus: in quibus ista leguntur. '•Anno Christi 596. Subneus JUius Colmani, seu Columbani coy- nomento parvi (Magni ut reor rectius) Princeps Media, interfectus est per Aidum Slane (Hibernia? Regern) in loco qui Bri-dham appellatur.' Et postea; Anno Christi sexcentessimo, Aidus Slane JUius Dierrnitii, et Colmanus Rimiedus, JUius Bai- tani, filii Murchertachi, JUii Muredachi, JUii Eu- genii; postquam sex annis reanassent occubuerunt;
2
Colmanus interfectus per Lochanum Diolmhain: Aldus vero, cognomento Slant, per Conallum Guth- bhinn fdium -Subnet juxta locum semdidhe.' Sic ergo foedo parricidio a sancto Columba hie prse- dicto ; Subneuna cognatum suum (erant enim duorum fratrum filli) anno 596, interfecit ; sic et ipse non amplius postea quam quatuor annis, et aliquot mensibus parte regni interea potitus (ut sanctus Columba praedixit) supervixit ; jus- teque a Conallo predict! Subnei filio, paterae csedis ultore, interemptus est."
* Tuath-Tuirbhe : i.e. Turvey's Territory. This is a bardic name for Bregia, from Tuirbhe or Tiirvey, near Swords, in the county of Dub- lin __ See Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of the Round Towers of Ireland, pp. 380, 381.
h Faithche mic Mencnain: i.e. the Green of the Son of Mencnan. This is called Faetgi Mae- naen in the Annals of Ulster (ubi supra), where it is stated that it is on the brink of Loch-Sem-
228
eii?eaNN.
[601.
GUI jan mdchaip, pi TTlurhan, oecc. Conall Cu, mac Gooa, mic Qinmipec, oecc.
Goip Cpiopc, pe ceiD a haon. Qn ceio bliaDain oQo6 UaipioDnach, mac Oorhnaill llcealgoigh, mic TTluipcfpraich, mic TnuipeaDoigh, mic Gojaui, hi pije nGpeann. S. Laippen, .1. mac pfpaohai j, ab lae Coluim Cille, 065 an 16 Do Sepcembep. Cach Slaibpe pia nllib Nell pop 6pan Oub, mac Gach- ach, pi Laijfn, ~| bpanoub, .1. mac Gachoac, Do mapbaD la haipcinDech Sen- boiche Sine, •] la a Deipbpine buDein, amail apbfpap,
didhe, or Lough Sewdy. The name is now ob- solete, but it is clear that the green so called occupied the site of the present village of Bally- more-Loughsewdy.
1 Cui-gan-mathair fyc., died. — This is a mistake of the Four Masters, for this King of Munster lived till the year 664, q. v. They probably intended to have written that Cui-gan-mathair was born in this year. In the Annals of Ulster, at the year 603, the reading is Cui cen marujp m. e. an evident error of transcribers for Cm cen mucuip n. e. i. natus est.
k Conall Cu — Colgan thinks that this Conall Cu, i. e. Conallus Canis vel Ganinus, was Co- nall Clogach, who insulted St. Columbkille and his attendant at the National Convention at Druim-Ceat — See more of him in O'Donnell's Life of Columbkille, lib. iii. c. 5 ; Trias Thaum., p. 431 ; and in Keating's History of Ireland, in the reign of Aedh mac Ainmirech.
1 Aedh Uairidhnach : i. e. Hugh of the Shi- vering Disease (the ague?). The name is ex- plained in Dr. Lynch's translation of Keating's History of Ireland, as follows :
" Uaridnachi cognomine ideo est affectus, quod adeo vehementi maligni frigoris impetu, per intervalla, correptus fuerit, ut si orbis uni- versi dominio frueretur, eo non gravate cederet, ea lege, ut morbi vis se, vel modice, remitteret. Vox enim Uairiodhnaigh perinde est ac readhgha fuara, quod reciprocum frigoris paroxysmum significat."
m Laisren. — He was the third abbot of lona, and is mentioned by Adamnan lib. i. c. 12, as son of Feradachus, and one of the companions of St. Columbkille ; on this Colgan has the fol- lowing note in Trias Thaum., p. 375, n. 51 :
" Fuit hie Abbas Hiensis, et colitur 16 Sep- tembris juxta Sanctum jEngussium in Festilogio metrico, Martyrologium Tamlactense, Marianum Gormanum, Cathaldum Maguir, et Martyrolo- gium Dungallense. Feradachus vero ejus pater fuit Sancti Columbaj compatruelis, ut constat ex Sanctilogio Genealogico capite i. ubi ejus genealogia talis legitur. Sanctus Laisrenus, filius Feradachi, jUii Ninnedii, Jilii Fergussii, filii Co- nalli Gulbannii, fyc. Ninnedius enim ejus avus, fuit frater Fethlemidii, patris Sancti Columba;, juxta dicenda infra in Appendice quarta. De morte Sancti Laisrani, seu (ut alii loquuntur) Laisreni, sic scribunt Quatuor Magistri in An- nalibus; Anno Christi, 601, etprimo Aedi cogno- mento Huairiodhnach, JUii Domnaldi (Regis Hi- bernise) S. Laisrenus, Feradachi films, Abbas Hiensis obiit die 16 Septemb."
Ussher, in his list of the abbots of lona, from its foundation till the year 7 1 0 (Primordia, pp. 701, 702), omits this Laisren, and makes Ferg- naus the third abbot.
n Slaibhre. — The situation of this place is not defined in any of the Irish Annals, or in the his- torical tract called Borumha-Laighean. The notice of Bran Dubh's death is given in the Annals of Tighernach (Cod. Bodl. fol. 10, col. 2), and in
601.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
•2-29
Cui-gan-mathair, King of Monster, died1. Conall Cuk, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, died.
The Age of Christ, 601. The first year of Aedh Uairidhnach1, son of Domhnall Ilchealgach, son of Muircheartach,son of Muireadhach, son of Eoghau, in the sovereignty of Ireland. St. Laisren™, abbot of la-Coluim Cille, died on the 16th of September. The battle of Slaibhre" [was gained] by the Ui-Neill over Bran Dubh, son of Eochaidh, King of Leinster ; and Bran Dubh, i. e. son of Eochaidh, was killed by the Airchinneach0 of Senboithe-Sinep, and his own tribe, as is said :
the Annals of Ulster, under the year 604, evi- dently from two different authorities, as fol- lows :
" A. D. 604. Bellum Sleibre, in quo victus est Brandub mac Ethach. Nepotes Neill victores erant. Jugulatio Branduib (mic Eathach, mic Muireadaig, mic Aeda, mic Feidhlimid, mic Enna Ceinnsealaig, mic Labrada, mic Breasail Belaig, mic Fiacha Baicedha, mic Cathair Moir) Regis Laigin, o genere suo per dolum. xxx annis regnavit inLagenia; ocus a cath na Damcluanna ro marbhadh ; no go madh e Saran Saebderg .i. XHrcinnech Seanboite Sine ros mairfedh" [and in the battle of Damhcluain he was slain; or it was Saran Saebhderg, i. e. Oirchinneach of Seanboith Sine, that killed him] " ut poeta dixit:
" Saran Saebderg Seol co se, Oircinneach Sean- boite Sine
E, ni dalb gan brandal breth, ro marbh Bran- dub mac Eachach."
In the Life of St. Maidoc of Ferns, published by Colgan at 31st January, the slayer of Bran Dubh is called " Quidam Comes Laginiensis." The passage run as follows :
" Quidam Comes Laginiensis evertit fidem suam contra dominum suum, et jugulavit regem Laginensium, imo totus Hiberniae Brandubum filium Ethach, et illico inde rex obiit sine con- fessione, et divino viatico."
On this passage Colgan has the following
note, Ada Sanctorum, p. 20, note 43 :
" Quoad jugulationem Brandubii per Sara- num Archenacum de Seanbhoth consentiuut Nehemias O'Duinn in Catalogo Regum Lageniae, et tres alii Anonymi, qui ne eisdem Regibus scripserunt. Brandubium autem esse prius in pugna (levictum ab O'Neillis, et mox a Sarano interfectum tradunt Quatuor. Magistri in Anna- libus ad annum 601, quo ita loquuntur ; O^Netti deeicerunt Brandubium Jilium Eochodii, Lageniae Regem, in prcelio Sldbrensi, qui et mox occisus est per Saranum Soebdherc Arcennacum deSeanbhoth- Sena, et per proprios suos cognates."
° Airchinneach : i. e. the hereditary warden of the church, usually anglicised Erenagh or He- renagh.
f Senboth-Sine. — Now Teampull-Seaubotha, anglice Templeshanbo, at the foot of Suidhe- Laighean, now Stuadh-Laighean, or Mount Leinster, in the barony of Scarawalsh, and county of Wexford. Its situation is described in the Life of St. Maidoc, c. xxvi., as follows :
" Monasterium quod dicitur Seanbotha juxta radices montis qui dicitur Scotice Suighe Lagen, id est, Sessio Laginensium."
On this passage Colgan writes the following note (A eta Sanctorum, p. 217, note 26):
" Est h«ec Ecclesia in regione de Hy-Kinse- lach in dioecesi Fernensi : in ea que 27 Octobris colitur S. Colmanus Hua-Fiachrach, ut patronus juxta ^Engussium, Marianum et alios."
230
[602.
Sapctn Soeboepc, peol 50 pe, aipcinneach Sfnboic Sine,
6 nf oalb, gan bpanoul bpach, po mapb bpanoub, mac Gachach.
Laijneach pampebac po paib inn po,
TTlaD i mbfchaiD mic Gachach, Dom hipaD an cuaipcepcach, In each ima nuapachap, ap cian o DO puaipcfpcpaoh. Oiambaoh hi cpeb cuipeaDoig mac Gacach mic TDuipeaboij Mocha bfpoinn mo bolj Ian DO cill ap ai Qooha Qllan.
Colman, mac peapaboij, coipioc Oppaije, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo a DO. Qn Dapa bliaDain oQooh. 8. Smell, eppcop TTIaighe bile, Decc an ceo la DOcnobep.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo a cfcaip. Qn cfcpamao blia&ain oQo6. piachpa Caoch, mac baooain, DO rhapbaD la Cpuirmu.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo a cuig. Qn cuicceaD bliaDain oQooh. S. beojhna, abb bCnocaip lap cComgall, 065 22 oQugupc. TTlolua, .1. LnghaiD, mac hUi Oiche, ceD abb Cluana pfpca Ulolua, 065. Seachnapach, mac 5aP" bain, coipeach Ceneoil mbojame, Do rhapbaD la Oomnall, mac Qooha, mic Qmmipech. Conall an jae bfipcc, mac Oaimene, DO rhapbaD la hUib ITleic ITlaca.
^SaranSaebhdhearc: i.e. Saran of the crooked, foul, or evil Eye.
' Fidl sack, fyc. — Dr. O'Conor translates this " Haberem nunc ventrem plenum usque ad os!" But this is evidently incorrect. The poem from which this extract is taken is ascribed by Tighernach to Cailleach Laighneach. It alludes to tribute unwillingly paid by the Leinstermen to the Monarch, Aedh Allan; for the author regrets that Bran Dubh was not alive to resist the incursion of that northern potentate.
s Colman, son of Feradhach: — He was the father of Scannlan, who is mentioned by Adam- nan, lib. i. c. 11, as a prisoner in the hands of Aldus, son of Ainmire, Monarch of Ireland, but liberated at the period of the Convention of Druim-Ceat, after which he reigned, according to his contemporary, Adamnan, for thirty years and three months. From Cinnfaela, the brother
of this Colman, the family of Mac Gillaphadruig, anglice Fitzpatrick, are descended.
* Magh-Ule : i. e. the Field or Plain of the ancient Tree, now Movilla, a village near New- town- Ards, in the county of Down, where St. Finnian, son of Ultach, founded a great mo- nastery in the sixth century. There is another Magh-bile near the western shore of Lough- Foyle, in the barony of Inishowen, and county of Donegal. — See Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, pp. 637, 639, 641, 650. Dr. Lanigan, in his Ecclesiastical History of Ireland (vol i. p. 265), says :
" In our Calendars, Martyrologies, and An- nals, Magh-bile is often mentioned, and in a general and absolute manner, without any allu- sion to a second monastery of that name. Ware was, therefore, right in making but one Magh- bile, or Movill, viz., that of Down, and ought
602.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
231
Saran Soebhdhearcq, a guide indeed ; Airchinneach of Seanboith Sine,
Was he, it is no falsehood without bright judgment, who killed Bran Dubh, son
of Eochaidh. A certain Leinsterman said the following:
Were it in the time of the son of Eochaidh that the northern had come, From the battle which they gained, they would have been long panic-driven ; If in a pillared house were the son of Eochaidh, son of Muireadhach, I would not bring my full sackr to a church for the sake of Aedh Allan.
Colman, son of Fearadhach8, chief of Osraighe [Ossory], died.
The Age of Christ, 602. The second year of Aedh. St. Sinell, Bishop of Magh-bile1, died on the first day of October.
The Age of Christ, 604. The fourth year of Aedh. Fiachra Caech", son of Baedan, was slain by the Cruithni.
The Age of Christ, 605. The fifth year of Aedh. St. Beoghna, Abbot of Beannchairw [next] after Comhgall, died on the 12th of August Molua, i. e. Lughaidh Mac hlli-Oiche, first abbot of Cluain-fearta-Molua", died. Seachna- sach, son of Garbhan, chief of Cinel-Boghainey, was slain by Domhnall, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire. Conall of the Red Dart, son of Dahnhin, was killed by the Ui-Meith-Machaz.
to have been adhered to by Harris."
In this observation Dr. Lanigan places too great a reliance on the authority of Ware ; for Colgan states that Magh-bile, in Inis Eoghain, which is the Domnach-bile of the Tripartite Life of St Patrick, lib. ii. c. 122, " Fuit olim monasterium haud ignobile." — Trias Thaum., p. 181.
In Colgan's time the latter was a parish church in the diocese of Derry. There are con- siderable ruins of this church still to be seen, and near it a high plain stone cross traditionally said to have been erected by St. Patrick, the original founder and patron of this church. The name of St. Finnian is not now remembered in connexion with this church, and it is highly probable that Magh-bile, in the county of Down only belonged to this saint.
" Fiachra Caech. — He was evidently the son of Baedan, King of Ulidia, who died in 585. The death of Fiachra is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 607-
" Beannchair : i. e. Bangor, in the county of Down.
1 Cluain-fearta- Molua — See note *, under the year 571. The death of Lughaidh macc-U-Ochae is given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 608.
>' Cinel-Boghaine: i. e. the Race of Enna Bogh- aine, second son of Conall Gulban, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, who were seated in the present barony of Banagh, in the west of the • county of Donegal — See Battle of Magh-Rath, p. 156, note p. The death of this Seachuasach is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 608.
' Ui-Meith-Macha — These, who were other- wise called theUi-Meith-Tire, were the descen-
232
[606.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo a pe. Qn peipeab blia6am oGoDh Uaipiobnach. S.Siollan, macCaimmin,abb bfnncaip,-) corhapbaCorhjail^Des sSpebpuapi. Qeoh anchopi. Qooh, mac Colgan, coipech Qipjjmll^ na nQipcfp apcfna, Decc, ma oilicpe hi cClucnn mic Noip. Qp Do Do pdiDeaD.
l?o bai can, ba lino opban Loch Da Dam,
Nf bui an loch ace ba hopoan, hi plaic Gooha, mic Colgan.
Cuma oariinab tnuip capa pooam cup
Cebe po cep cpibp cpeab', cpe imp Locha Da Dam.
TTlaolumha, mac baecain, Deg. Colcca Ooilene, mac piachna, Deg. TYlaolDuin, mac Gilene, coipeac TTloghDopn TTlaijjfn, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo a peachc. lap mbfic peachc mbliabna i pije
dants of Muircadhach Meith, son of Imohadh, son of Colla Dachricb, and were seated in the present barony of Monaghan, in the county of Monaghan. — See Colgari's Trias Thaum., p. 184, . n. If) ; and Leabhar-na-gCeart, pp. 148, 149, note ". The death of Conall mac Daimein is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 548.
* Sillan His death is entered in the Annals
of Ulster, in which he is called Sillan mac Cum- minn, and the Annals of Clonmacnoise, in which he is called Sillan ma Comyn, at the year 609. Colgan has collected all he could find of the history of this saint at 28th February, and cites his authorities in n. 8, as follows :
" Anno 606, die 28 Febr. Ita citati Annales" [QuatuorMagistrorum] " adhunc annum dicen- tes Sillanus, films Commini, Abbas Bennchorensis, el ComorbanmS. Comgalli 28 dieFebruarii obiit.
"Et quoad diem, consentiunt Sanctus ^Engus- sius in suo Festilogio ad eundem diem, dicens ; FestumS. Sillani Bennchorensis : Marian Gorman ejusve Scholiastes. Sillanus, Magister, filius Cu- meni, Abbas Benchori Ultoniensis, et Comorba- nus Comgalli. Mart. Taml. Sillanus Abbas, et Comorbanus Comgalli. Item Maguir, et Mart, Dungallen. ad eundem diem." — Ada &'S., p. 424.
b Aedh the anchorite — " A. D. 609. Aidan,
Anchorite, died, and Moyleowa mac Boydan, and Colgan Dolene mac Fieghna, all died." — Ann. Clon.
c Airtheara: i. e. Orientales or the inhabitants of the eastern part of Oirghialla. The name is still preserved in that of the baronies of Orior in the east of the county of Armagh. The chieftain Aedh, son of Colgan, is referred to in c. 1 6 of the Life of St. Mochteus, published by Colgan, at 24 Mart., on which Colgan has the following note in his Acta SS., p. 732 :
" De morte hujus Aidi Oirgielliae Principis sic scribunt Quatuor Magistri in Annalibus, ad ann. 6, 06. Aidus filius Colgan Princeps Oirgielliee et Artheriorum (id est Orientalium Ultoniorum)" \_recte Orgielliorum] " in sua peregrinalione Clu- ainmucnosice decessit. Subduntur ibidem qui- dam versus patrio metro a quodam sinchrono scrip ti, quibus indicatur hunc Aidum abdicate regimine monasticum institutum amplexum esse, et virum eximise sanctitatis fuisse. Hujus pii Principis nomen posteritati celebratius reli- quit, ejusque familiam haud mediocriter nobili- tavit, et fratrum et filiorum ipsius eximia fas- tisque celebrata sanctitas. Habuit enim ger- manos fratres duos Baitanum, alias Boetanum, et Furadhranum ; filiosque quatuor, Magnen-
606.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
233
The Age of Christ, 606. The sixth year of Aedh Uairidhnach. St. Sillan8, son of Caimin, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], and successor of Comhgall, died on the 28th of February. Aedh the Anchorite* [died]. Aedh, son of Colgan, chief of Oirghialla and of all the Airtheara", died on his pilgrimage, at Cluain- mic-Nois. Of him was said :
There was a time when Loch-da-damhd was a pool of splendour, The lake was [nothing else] but splendour in the reign of Aedh, son of Colgan. Indifferent to me who destroyed it ; my friend has abandoned it; Though it was he that placed a brilliant house upon the island of Loch-da-damh.
Maelumha, son of Baedan, died. Colga Doilene, son of Fiachna, died. Maelduin, son of Ailen, chief of Mughdorn Maighean6, died.
The Age of Christ, 607. After Aedh Uairidhnach had been seven years
dum, scilicet, Tuanum, Cobhthachum, et Li- brenum ; sanctorum syllabo insertos, ut tes- tantur Sanctilogium Genealogicum, c. 13, et Selvacius de sanctorum Hibernise Genealogia, c. 11."
d Loch-da-damh : i. e. Lake of the Two Oxen. This was evidently the name of a lake in Oirghi- alla, on an island in which the habitation of the chieftain, Aedh mac Colgain, was situated. It has not been yet identified. These verses, which Colgan understood to allude to the abdication of Aedh, are very obscure, as we do not know to what the writer exactly alludes.
" Mughdorn Maighean — Now the barony of Crioch-Mughdhorna, anglice Cremorne, in the county of Monaghan. It is supposed to have derived the addition of Maighen from the church of Domhnach-Maighen, now Donagh- moyne church. In the Annals of Ulster the death of this chieftain is entered at the year 610, thus:
"A. D. 610. Mors Maeileduin regis Mog- dornae."
Colman Canis, the brother of this Maelduin, is mentioned by Adamnan ( Vita Columba;, lib. i. c. 43), as slain by Ronan, son of Aidus, son of
Colgan of the tribe Arterii, i. e. the inhabitants of the present baronies of Orior, in the east of the ancient Oirghialla, who also fell in the same combat — See note 198, supra. On this passage in Adamnan, Colgan has written the following note :
" In parte Maugdornorum duo nobiles viri se mutuo mdneribus mortui sunt hoc est Colman Canis filius Aileni, et Ronanus filius Aidi, filii Colgan de Arteriorum genere, c. 43. De morte horum no- bilium nihil in nostris Annalibus reperio. De patre tamen unius et fratre alterius sequentia accipe ex Quatuor Magistris anno Christi 606, et sexto Aidi (Regis Hibernian) cognomento Huairiodhnach ; Aidus filius Colgan, Argiellia et Artheriorum Princeps pie oUit in sua peregrina- tione Cluainmucnosice : et Maelduinus filius Aileni Princeps Mugdornorum Maginensium decessit. Ronanus ergo filius Aidi filii Colgan de Arthe- riorum genere (de quo loquitur S. Adamnanus) fuit filius hujus Aidi filii Colgan Artheriorum Principis, et Colmanus ille cognomento Canis, vel potius Canus, filius Aileni, fuit frater hujus Maelduini, filii Aileni Mugdornorum principis. Genus enim et tempus in utrumque conspirant; cum unus paulo ante patrem, et alius ante fra-
2H
234
[608.
nGpeann bClobh Uaipiobnach acbacTi 05 Qch Da pfpca. Carh Obb'a pia nCtenjup, mac Colmain, bu in jio mapbab Conall Lao£ 6jifj, mac Ctooha, 50 pochaibe moip ime, bia nebpab,
Qn pee immullach O6ba, cea a jai bojpa m laep Oeichbip bi, CID olc a oenn, po baf mop cfnb ma cpaop.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceb a hochc. Ctn ceib bliabain DO TTlaolcoba, mac Gobha, mic Ginmipeach, hi pighe nGpeann.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo anaoi. Qn oapa blia&am bo TTlaolcoba. S. Uolua POCO, abb Cluana mic Noip, beg. Seannach, abb Qpba TTlacha, 6 Cluain Ua n^pici boipibe, -| a ecc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, pe ceb a beich. 8. Colman Gala, abb bec^ 26 bo Sep-
trem suum fuerit extinctus." — Trias Thaum., p. 379, n. 91.
' Ath-da-fearta : i. e. Ford of the two Graves, or of the two Miracles. This place is unknown to the Editor. In the Annals of Ulster and the Annals of Clonmacnoise the death of this Monarch is given thus :
"A. D. 611. Mors Aedo Jttii Domhnaill regis TemTo."—Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 609" [ra:<e611]. "Hugh Orinagh reigned seven years and then died."
* Odhbha — See note ', under A. M. 3502, p. 31, supra.
h Aenghus, son of Colman. — This is the person called Oengusius filius Aido domain, in the printed editions of Adamnan's Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 13. — See note e, under the year 616.
1 Great head. — This quatrain is evidently quoted from a poem on this battle by a poet who saw the head of Conall Laegh Breagh thrown upon the whitethorn bush on the sum- mit of the mound of Odhbha, and who viewed the bush with horror, as it held the head of a prince in its mouth! The first part of the figure is correct, but the latter part is wild in the extreme, as giving a mouth to a whitethorn bush. The whole quatrain may be easily im-
proved thus :
" Q See a mullac ObBa, 5516 DO jai oojjpa ni
lair
t)eirBip mnc jup olc DO oenn, po bai mop cenn ap oo jaib."
" Thou lonely thorn on Odhbha's top, although
thy javelins thou dost not throw, Still is thy aspect truly hideous, thou piercedst once a lordly head with thy spears."
The battle of Odhbha is noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at the year 609, and in the Annals of Ulster at 611.
k Maelcobha — In the Annals of Ulster his accession is mentioned under the year 611, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 609, thus :
" A. D. 611. Bellum Odb® re nOengus mac Colmain, in quo cecidit Conall Laegbreag filius Aedo Slaine. Maelcoba regnare incipit hoc anno." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
" A. D. 609. Moyle Cova succeeded next and reigned five years. The battle of Ova was given, where Conell Loybrey mac Hugh Slane was killed by Enos mac Colman." — Ann. Clon.
O'Flaherty places the accession of Malcovus Clericus in 612, which is the true year. — See ia, p. 431.
608.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
235
in the sovereignty of Ireland, he died at Ath-da-fe#rtaf. The battle of Odhbha*, by Aenghus, son of Colmanh, wherein was slain Conall Laegh-Breagh, son of Aedh [Slaine], with a great number about him, of which was said :
The whitethorn on top of Odhbha, though its sharp darts it throws not, . Lawful for it that its aspect should be evil : there was a great head1 in its mouth.
The Age of Christ, 608. The first year of Maelcobha", son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, in the sovereignty of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 609. The second year of Maelcobha. St. Tolua Fota1, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Seanachm, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died ; he was of Cluain-Ua-nGricin.
The Age of Christ, 610. St. Colman Eala°, i. e. Mac-Ui-Selli, abbot, died
1 Tolua Fota : i. e. Tolua the Tall. " A. D. 613. Tolfa Fota, Abbas Cluanse mac Cunois pausat. Stella" [comata] " visa est hora octavo, diei." — Ann. Ult.
This Tolu or Tolfa succeeded Aelithir, third abbot of Clonmacnoise, who was living in the year that Columbkille attended the Synod of Druim-Ceat. — See Adamnan's Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 3.
m Seanach He succeeded in 598 and died in
610. He is set down among the Archbishops of Armagh, in the catalogue of those prelates preserved in the Psalter of Cashel. Ussher (Primord., p. 966) makes him the last of the third order of holy bishops, or bishops dignified by the name of saints. Colgan omits him alto- gether in his Annals of Armagh (Trias Thaum., p. 293), and makes Mac Lasrius succeed Eucho- dius, who died in 597 [598] — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 39-
" Cluain-Ua-nGrici : i.e. the Lawn, Meadow, or insulated Pasturage of the [tribe of] Ui- Grici. This place, which would be called in the anglicised form Cloonygreek, is unknown to the Editor.
0 Colman Eala. — His death is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 10; but in the
2
Annals of Clonmacnoise under 609, as follows:
"A. D. 610. Quies Colmani Elo. Sic est in libra Cuanach." — Ann. Ult.
" A.D. 609. Saint Colman Ealla mac Wihealla, in the 56th year of his age, died." — Ann. Clon.
The festival of this saint is set down in the Feilire-Aenguis, and in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 26th September ; in the latter as follows :
" Colman €ala, abb 6 tamn Gala. 84 bliaona ajuf 000500 a aoip an can po paoto a ppiopao DO cum nirhe anno oomim 610."
" Colman Eala, abbot of Lann-Eala" [Ly- nally], " Fifty-six years was his age when he resigned his spirit to heaven, in the year of our Lord 610."
Adamnan mentions this saint in his Vita Co- lumb., lib. i. c. 5, where he calls him " Colma- nus Episcopus Mac-U-Sailne," from his tribe name; and lib. ii. cc. 13, 15, where he calls him " Columbanus filius Beognai" from his father Beogna. Colgan, who intended giving a life of him at 26th September, has the following note on the lib. i. c. 5, of Adamnan, Trias Thaum., not. 32 :
" S. Colmani Episcopi Mac- U-Sailne, c. 5. Eundem mox vocat Columbanum fiUum Beogna. Est hie Colmanus 9 loco Lann-Ela dicto (in H2
236
[611.
cembep ipm peipfo blia&ain ap caogair a aoipi. Neman, abb Lip moip, Decc.
lap mbeirh ceojia mbliaDan i pije nGpeann DO TTlaolcoba, mac Goba, mic Qinmipec, DO ceap la Suibne TTleann, hi ccach Slebe Uoab. Ponan, mac Colmain, pi Laijfn 065. ^opman DO TTUijDopnaib, 6 ccaD TTleic Cumn, ape po boi bliabam pop uipce Uiobpaic pinjin, ~\ ma ailirpe i cCluain mic Noip, acbach.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo a haon nDecc. Qn ceio blia&ain Do Smbne TTleann, mac piachna, mic pfpaohaij;, hi pighe uap Gpinn. Gcclap bfnncaip UlaD DO Lopccab.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo a Do Decc. Qn Dapa bliabam Do Suibne. pioncam Oencpeib, abb bfnocaip, Decc. ConDepe DO lopccaoh. papughab Uopaighe la mupcoblach muipibe.
quo monasterium extruxit) vulgo Colman-Ela ; et hinc latine a multis Colmanellus appellatus. Vide ejus vitam ad 26 Semptemb. in qua c. 1, vocatur filius Beogna, ut hie. Vide ejus genea- logiam in Notis ad eandem vitam, in qua et filius Beagna, et de stirpe Salii seu Salnii, filii Clithradii, oriundus fertur;" ut hinc intelligas quare hie in titulo cap. 5. Mocu-Sailne, id est, de progenie Salnii vocetur. In vita S. It®, ad 15 Januar. c. 21, menioratur quomodo hie Sanctus Colmanus, sive (quod idem est) Colum- banus, navigaverit ad S. Columbam in Hiensi insula commorantem ; et quod ibidem factus fuerit Episcopus. De ejus morte, state, festo, et genere Quatuor Magistri in Annalibus hsc habent : Anno Christi sexcentessimo decimo et Mokobae Regis tertio, Sanctus Colmanellus Abbas, obiit. 26 Septemb. cetatis suce quinquagessimo sexto: De Dal Sellii (id est de stirpe) Sallii fuit oriun- dus."
Ussher gives a curious extract from the Life of Colmanus Elo (Primord., p. 960), and describes the situation of his church as follows:
" Hodie Lin-alli locus ille vocatur in comitatu Regio, quatuor milliarium spatio a Dearmachano Columbs csenobio" [Durrow] " dissitus : ubi
inter choi-um sanctorum virorum (ut in fine vitas illius additur) sanctissimus senex Sexto Kalen- das Novembris" [Octobris?] "feliciter ad Chris- tum emisit spiritum ; anno salutis, ut ex Cua- nacho Chronographo Hibernico Ultonienses Annales referunt, DCX°."
For the situation of Lann-Ealla or Lynally, in the King's County, see note b, under A. D. 1533, p. 1414.
p Lis-mor — NowLismore, on theRiver Black- water, in the west of the county Waterford. This is the second Abbot of Lismore mentioned in these Annals before St. Carthach or Mochuda. — See note under the year 588, and Archdall's Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 691.
i Sliabh Toadh — See note h, under A. D. 291, p. 122, supra. In the Annals of Ulster the death of this monarch is entered under the year 614, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 613, as follows :
" A. D. 614. Jugulatio Maelcobo mac Aedo in bello mantis Belgadain, alias i car Sleitie cpuim cuoc" [in the battle of Sliabh Truim Tuoth], " Suibne Menn victor erat."
" A. D. 613. King Moycova was slain in Shew- Twa by Swyne Meann." — Ann. Clon.
611.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
237
on the 26th of September, in the fifty-sixth year of his age. Neman, Abbot of Lis-morp, died.
After Maelcobha, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, had been three years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Suibhne Meann, in the battle of Sliabh Toadhq. Ronan, son of Colman, King of Leinster, died. Gormanr, [one] of the Mughdhorna, from whom are the Mac Cuinns, and who was a year [living] on the water of Tibraid-Fingin8, on his pilgrimage at Cluain-mic-Nois, died.
The Age of Christ, 611. The first year of Suibhne Meann, son of Fiachna, son of Fearadhach, in sovereignty over Ireland. The church of Beannchair- Uladh1 was burned.
The Age of Christ, 612. The second year of Suibhne. Fintan of Oentrebh", Abbot of Beannchair, died. Connere* [Connor] was burned. The devastation of Torach* by a marine fleet.
For the situation of Sliabh Truim see note *, under A. D.I 275, p. 424.
' Gorman. — He was of the sept of Mugh- dhorna, who were seated in the present barony of Cremorne, in the county of Monaghan, and was the ancestor of the family of Mac Gorman, otherwise called Mac Cuinn ua mBocht, Ere- naghs of Clonmacnoise, in the King's County. In the Annals of Tighernach, the death of this .Gorman is entered under the year 758.
' Tibraid-Finghin : i. e. St. Finghin's Well. This well still bears this name, and is situated near Teampull Finghin, at Clonmacnoise, and near the brink of the Shannon, by whose waters it is sometimes concealed in winter and spring. — See Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin, fyc., of the Hound Towers of Ireland, p. 265. In Mageoghe- gan's Annals of Clonmacnoise, this passage about Gorman is given as follows :
" A. D. 613. This year came in pilgrimage to Clonvicknose one Gorman, and remained there a year, and fasted that space on bread and the water of Fynin's well. He is ancestor to Mic Connemboght and Moynter-Gorman, and died in Clone aforesaid."
Under this year (610) the Annals of Ulster
contain the following passage, omitted by the Four Masters:
"A. D. 610. Fulminatus est exercitus Uloth .i. mBairche fulmine terribili."
" A. D 610. The army of Uladh was smote in Bairche" [the Mourne Mountains] " with terrific thunder."
1 Beannchair- Uladh — Now Bangor, in the county of Down. " Combustio Benchoir" is en- tered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 614; but in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under 613.
u Oentrebh. — This is the ancient form of the name of the town of Antrim, from which the county was named. It is to be distinguished from Oendruim, which was the ancient name of Mahee Island in Loch Cuan, or Strangford Lough, in the county of Down. — See Reeves's Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down and Connor, $-c., pp. 63, 277, 278. In the Annals of Ulster, " Quies Fintain Oentraib, Abbatis Benchair," is entered under the year 612; and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise the death of Fyntan of Intreive is entered under 6 1 3.
" Connere — "A. D. 616. Gopcuo Conoipt, i. e. the burning of Connor." — Ann. Ult.
1 Torach : i. e. lowery, or consisting of towers
•238 awNQ^a Rio^hachca eiraeciNN. [613.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo a cpi t)6cc. Qn cpeap bliabain Do Suibne. Colccu, mac Suibne, Do mapbab,-] bap piachach, mic Conaill, in bliabam pin. pfpgup , mac Colmdin ITloip, plaich TThbe, DO mapbab la hQnpapcach Ua TTlfpcan Oo TTluincip blainne. Qp Do pn ap pubpaD innpo :
ITla Dom ipaohpa com reach, hUa TTIfpcain Qnpapeach, Uipce oopbach Do bep Do, po birh gona peapgopa* Cep ran DO copac buibne ceneoil Colmdin pech Cuilne, lap m\ poipfc Di puioe, Sil TTlfpcam im blaicmiu.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo a cfcaip Decc. Qn cfcpamab bliaDain DO Suibne. S. Caerhan bpfcc, 6 17op each, oecc, an cfcpamaD la Decc Do Sepcembep. Cfooh bfnoan, pi lapmuman, Decc. Qp Do popairmfc a bccip ap pubpaD :
QoDh bfiiDan, Don Goganacc lapluachaip, —
Qp maipg peooa Dianao pi, cenmaip rfp Dianac buachail.
Q pciarh an ran po cpocha, a bfoobaoa pucbocha,
Cepa beccan [bee ace] pop a mum, ap Dioiu Don lapmumain.
, mac piacpach, 065. Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo a cuij Decc. Qn cuijjeaD bliaDain Do Suibne. Qilill, mac baecdin, TTlaolDuin, mac pfpjupa, mic baocdin, -\ Diucolla DO mapba6 hi Tnuigh Slechc, hi ccpich Connachc. Oo cenel mbaordin, mic TTluipcfpcoij Doib. piachpa, mac Ciapain, mic Qinmipe, mic Seona, 065. Carh Cfno- 5aba.
or tower-like rocks, now Tory Island, off the of " Coeman Bread" is given under the year
north-west coast of Donegal — See notef, A. M. 614. In the Feilire-Aenguis and O'Clery's Irish
3066, and note s, under A. M. 3330. Calendar the festival of Colman Breac is given
1 Colgu, fyc — These entries are given in the at 14th September; and it is stated that his
Annals of Ulster at the year 617, as follows : church is situated in Caille-Follamhain, in
"A. D. 617. Jugulatio Colggen mic Suibne, Meath. There are some ruins of this church
et mors Fiachrach mic Conaill, et Jugulatio Per- still extant.
gusa filii Colmain Magni, .1. la Anfartuch hU- a Aedh Beannan __ He is the ancestor of the
Mescain do Muintir-Blatine." family of O'Muircheartaigh, now anglice Mori-
z Ros-each : i. e. Wood of the Horses, now arty, who, previously to the English invasion,
Kussagh, near the village of Street, in the ba- were seated to the west of Sliabh Luachra, in
rony of Moygoish, in the north of the county of the present county of Kerry — See note ', under
Westmeath. In the Annals of Ulster the death A. D. 1583, p. 1793. His death is entered in
613.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 239
The Age of Christ, 613. The third year of Suibhne. Colgu5', son of Suibhne, was killed ; and the death of Fiacha, son of Con, all [occurred] in this year. Fearghus, son of Colman Mor, Prince of Meath, was slain by Anfar- tach Ua Meascain, of Muintir-Blaitine, of which these lines were composed :
If he should come to my house, Ua Meascain Anfartach, Poisoned water I will give to him, for the slaying of Fearghus. Whatever time the forces of the race of Colman shall inarch by Cuilne, After a month they will put from their seat the Sil-Meascain, with the Blaitini.
The Age of Christ, 614. The fourth year of Suibhne. St. Caemhan Breac, of Ros-eachz, died on the fourteenth day of September. Aedh Beannan", King of West Munster, died. To commemorate his death was said :
Aedh Beannan, of Eoghanacht-Iar-Luachair, —
Woe to the wealth of which he was king ! Happy the land of which he was
guardian.
His shield when he would shake, his foes would be subdued ; Though it were but on his back, it was shelter to West Munster..
Finghin, son of Fiachrab, died.
The Age of Christ, 615. The fifth year of Suibhne. Ailill, son of Baedan; Maelduin, son of Fearghus, son of Baedan ; and Diucolla, were slain in Magh- Slecht", in the province of Connaught. They were of the race of Baedan, son of Muircheartach. Fiachra, son ofCiaran, son of Ainmire, son of Sedna, died. The battle of Ceann-gabha". '
the Annals of Ulster under the year 618, and "A. D. 619- Occisio generis Baetain .i. Aililla
in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under 619, mic Baetain, oc Magh-Sleucht hi Connacht, ecus
which is the true year. Maelduin mic Fergusa mic Baetain, ocus mors
b Finghin, son of Fiachra. — In the Annals of Fiachrach, mic Ciarain, filii Ainmirech, mic
Ulster the death of Aedh Beannain and of Fin- Setni."
ghin mac Fiachrach are entered under the year "A. D. 619- The killing of the Race of
618. Baetan, i.e. of Ailill, son of Baetain, at Magh-
0 Magh-Slecht. — A plain in the barony of Sleacht, in Connaught, and of Mailduin, son of
Tullyhaw, and county of Cavan. — See note a, Fearghus, son of Baetan ; and the death of
under A. M. 3656, p. 43, suprd. In the An- Fiachra, son of Ciaran, son of Ainmire, son of
nals of Ulster this passage is given as follows at Sedna." the year 619: d Ceann-galha. — This is probably a mistake
240
[616.
Qoip Cpiopc, ye ceo ape oecc. Qn peipeab bliabain DO Suibne. Qengup, mac Colmam TTloip, plaich Ua Nell an Depceipc, 065.
Cumoach ecclaipe Copaighe la Cenel gConaill, lap na oiorhldirpiugab pecc piarh. Ounchab mac Gojanain, Neachcain mac Canainri, Qeoh [oecc].
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo a peachc Decc. Qn peachcmab bliabam Do Suibne. 8. Caoimjin, abb 5^lnDe Da locha, Decc an 3 lum, lap ccaiceam pichfc ap ceo blia&ain oaoip 50 pin. Comgall eppcop, i Goghan, eppcop Racha Siche, Decc. Cach Cmo oeljrfn pia cConall, mac Suibne,-) pia nOorhnall mbpeac, DU in po mapbab Da mac Libpen, mic lollainn, mic CfpbaiU. TTlaolbpacha, mac ftimfoa, mic Colmam, mic Cobraij.i Qilill, mac Cellaij, 065.
Cach Cinojuba (no Cirin bujba) pia Rajallac, mac Uarrach, pop Col- man mac Cobcai£ (achaip £)uailie Ctioline) aipm in po mapbaD Colman buoepin. Colsa, mac Ceallaij, 065. Qilill, mac Ceallaij, 065.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo a hochr Decc. Qn cochcrha6 bliaoain Do Suibne. S. Siollan, eppcop -\ abb TTlaighe bile, Decc an 25 DO Qugupc. Libep, abb
for Ceann-gubha. — See note a, under A. D. 106, p. 101.
e Aenghus, son of Colman Mor — This prince is mentioned by Adamnan in his Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 13, but in the printed copies of Adam- nan's work his name is incorrectly given, " De Oengussio filio Aido Commani." — See Colgan's note on this passage ( Trias Thaum., p. 376, n. 52), where he thinks that Commani should be Col- mani. — See the year 607. In the Annals of Ulster his death is entered under the year 620 ; and in the Annals of Cloninacnoise under 619:
" Jugutatio Aengusa mic Colmain Magni, Regis Nepotum Neill." — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 619- Enos, son of Colman More, was killed. He was called King of the O'Neals." — ,Ann. Clon.
' Torach: i. e. Tory Island — See note under the year 6 1 2.
8 Dunchadh, fyc The obits of these three
persons, which are left imperfect in the two Dublin copies, and in O'Conor's edition, are given in the Annals of Ulster under the year
620, as follows:
" A. D. 620. Duncath mac Eugain, Nechtan mac Canonn, et Aed obierunt."
^Caemhghin — "Nomen illud latine pulchrum gentium sonare vita? scriptor annotat." — Ussher, Primord., p. 956. This name is now usually anglicised Kevin. His death is entered in the Annals of Tighernach at the year 618: "e.jrz0. anno (etatis suce ;" and in the Annals of Ulster at 617. The Life of this saint has been pub- lished by the Bollandists at 3rd June.
1 Gleann-da-locha: i. e. the Valley of the Two Lakes, now Glendalough, in the barony of North Ballinacor, and county of Wicklow, For a description of the churches and other remains at Glendalough, the reader is referred to Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of the Round Towers of Ireland, pp. 168-183, and p. 445.
k Rath-Sithe: i. e. Fort of the Fairy Hill, now Eathshee, a parish in the barony and county of Antrim. — See the Ordnance Map of that county, sheet 45. In the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, part ii. c. 133, the foundation of this church is
616] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 241
The Age of Christ, 616. The sixth year of Suibhne. Aenghus, son of Colman More, chief of the Southern Ui-Neill, died.
The [re-]erection of the church of Torach' by the Cinel-Conaill, it having been destroyed some time before. Dunchadhg, son of Eoghanain ; Neachtan, son of Canann ; Aedh [died].
The Age of Christ, 617. The seventh year of Suibhne. St. Caemhghinh, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha1, died on the 3rd of June, after having spent one hun- dred and twenty years of his age till then. Comhgall, a bishop, and Eoghan, Bishop of Eath-Sithek, died. The battle of Ceann-Delgtean1 by Conall, son of Suibhne, and Domhnall Breac, wherein were slain the two sons of Libren, son of Illann, son of Cearbhall. Maelbracham, son of Rimeadh, son of Colman, son of Cobhthach, and Ailill, son of Ceallach, died.
The battle of Ceann-Gubha11 (or Ceann-Bughbha) [was gained] by Ragh- allach, son of Uadach, over Colman, son of Cobhthach (the father of Guaire Aidhne), where Colman himself was slain. Colga0, son of Ceallach, died. Ailillp, son of Ceallach, died.
The Age of Christ, 618. The eighth year of Suibhne. St. Sillan, Bishop and Abbot of Magh-bile [Movilla], died on the 25th of August. Liber, Abbot
attributed to the Irish Apostle. In the Annals mMaelbracha — "A.D. 621. Mors Maelbracha,
of Tighernach the deaths of Bishop Comhgall mic Eimedho, mic Colmain filii Cobtaig." — Ann.
and of Eoghan, Bishop of Rath-Sithe, are en- Ult.
tered under the year 618; in the Annals of ° Ceann-Grubha, or Ceann-Bughbha. — This
Ulster at 6 17. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise place is now called Ceann-Bogha, anglice Cambo,
Eoghan is called " Owen, Bishop of Ardsrathy" and is situated a short distance to the north of
(Ardsratha, now Ardstraw, in the county of the town of Roscommon, in the county of Ros-
Tyrone). common — See Genealogies, Tribes, fyc,, of Hy-
1 Ceann- Delgtean This place is unknown to Fiachrach, p. 313, note c. In the Annals of
the Editor. This battle is mentioned in the Ulster, " Bellum Cenn Buigi, in quo cecidit
Annals of Ulster, at the year 621, as follows : Colman mac Cobtaig," is entered under the year
" A. D. 621. Bellum Cinn-Delggden. Conall 621.
mac Suibhne victor erat. Duo filii Libreni mac ° Colga — "A. D. 621. Mors Colggen mic
Illandonn, mic Cerbaill cecidei-unt. Conaing mac Ceallaig." [The death of Colgan, son of Ceal-
Aedain demersus est." lach.] — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 621. The battle of Cinn-Delgden. p Ailill. — "A.D. 621. Jugulatio Ailillo mic
Conall, son of Suibhne, was the conqueror. Ceallaig." [The slaying of Ailill, son of Ceal-
Conaing, son of Aedhan, was drowned." lach.] — Ann. Ult.
2 i
242
[619-
Clchaib bo Cainnijh. l?ach n^uala Do lopccao la piachna, mac baocam,
conaD ann apbepc piachna :
T?o gab cene l?ach n^uala, capca biucca can huaoha, SuaichniD inneopc ap abao, ni buim Dia congabab. T?o jab cene Rach n^uala capca biucca can huaoe, Qp Dian a&annac inO uilc ceniD i pRaich Qo6a builc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD anaoi Decc. Q naoi Do Suibne. Ooip mac Gooha Qllainn Do mapbaD la pailbe plann pmbaD, amail apbepc pfipin,
Ce cliana Dampa gum Ddip, ap ni puba Oaipene, Qp ann po oipc each a Doel, 6 po oipcc a ouilene.
17o mapbaD pom laparh a nDiojail Oaip. Ctcbepc a mdcaip acca eccafne :
6a gum pai'p, ni ba cojail Inpe Gail,
Om comae jdip na mbiDbaD, im cfno pailbe plaino pmbaD.
176nan, mac Colmain, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo a piche. Qn DeachmaD bliabam DO Suibne. Sean- ach 5ar^> abb Cluana pfpca bpenamn, Decc. Colman mac Coingellain Decc. Ronan, mac Uuachail, cijfpna na nQipcep, Dej. Copbmoc Caom, ~\ lollann, mac piachpach, Decc. TTlongan, mac piachna Cupgan, Do map-
q Achadh-bo-Cainnigh — Pronounced Aghabo- Kenny, i. e. Aghabo of St. Canice, or Kenny,
now Aghabo, in the Queen's County See note *,
under the year 598. In the Annals of Ulster the deaths of these abbots are entered under this year, but in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under 619.
r Rath-Guala. — Fiachna, son of Baedan, who burned this fort, was King of Ulidia for thirty years, and was slain in 622. Rath-Guala is probably the place now called Rathgaile, near the town of Donaghadee, in the county of Down. In the Annals of Ulster this event is entered under the year 622 : " Expugnatio Ratha Guali la [per] Fiachna mac Baetain."
" Aedh Bole — He was probably the owner of Rath-Guala.
1 Doir.—" A. D. 623. Jugidatio Dair mic Aeda
Aldain."— Ann. UU.
This Doir was the son of Aedh Allann, or Aedh Uairidhnach, as he is more generally called, Monarch of Ireland from 605 to 612, and the person after whom Gaeth-Doir, now Gwee- dore Bay, in the barony of Boylagh, and county of Donegal, was called. This is clear from the contiguity of Inis-Caeil, where Failbhe Flann Fidhbhadh was killed in revenge of Doir.
" Inis-Cail : L e. the Island of Conall Gael, now Iniskeel, an island near the mouth of Gweebarra Bay, in the barony of Boylagh, and county of Donegal — See note ", under A. D. 161 1, p. 2372.
" Eojian, son of Colman. — " A. D. 623. Mors Ronain mic Colmain ; et Colman Stellain o6n<." —Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 619- Ronan mac Colman and Colman
619.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 243
of Achadh-bo-.Cainnighq, [died]. Eath-Gualar was burned by Fiachna, son of
Baedan, of which Fiachna said :
Fire caught Rath-Guala, little treasure will escape from it,
The force which caused it is manifest ; it was not from one spark it caught it ;
Fire caught Rath-Guala, little treasure will escape from it ;
Vehemently their evils kindle fire in the fort of Aedh Bole8.
The Age of Christ, 619. The ninth year of Suibhne. Doir1, son of Aedh Allainn, was slain by Failbhe Flann Fidhbhadh, as he [Failbhe] himself said :
What advantage to me is the slaying of Dair, as I did not slay Dairene ? It is then one kills the chaffer, when he destroys his young ones.
He was afterwards killed in revenge of Doir. His [Failbhe's] mother said, lamenting him :
It was the mortal wounding of a noble, not the demolition of Inis-cail", For which the shouts of the enemies were exultingly raised around the head of Failbhe Flann Fidhbhadh.
Ronan, son of Colmanw, died.
The Age of Christ, 620. The tenth year of Suibhne. Seanach Garbh, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Breanainn [Clonfert], died. Colman, son of Coimgellan*, died. Ronan, son of Tuathal, Lord of the Airthearay, died. Cormac Caemh and Illann, son of Fiachra, died. Mongan, son of Fiachra Lurgan", was killed
Stellan died." — Ann. Clon. * Mongan, son of Fiachna Lurgan — This and
" Colman, son of Coimgellan. — He is mentioned the foregoing obits are entered in the Annals of
in O'Donnell's Life of St. Columbkille, lib. ii. Ulster at the year 624 (era com. 625), as fol-
c. 10, as an infant at the time that Columbkille lows:
visited his father's house in Dal-Riada, when " Annus tenebrosus. Aedan mac Cumascaig,
the saint took him up in his arms, kissed him, et Colman mac Congellain, adDominum migrave-
and said, in a spirit of prophecy : " Erit puer runt. Ronan mac Tuathail, rex na nAirther,
iste magnus coram Domino, et in divinis literis et Mongan mac Fiachna Lurgan moriuntur."
sublimiter eruditus, Hibernorum Albanorum- In the Annals of Clonmacnoise the death of
que dissidia de jure Dalreudinee ditionis olim Mongan, son of Fiaghna Lurgan, is also entered
in Comitiis de Druimchett sapient! consilio under the year 624, thus :
componet."— Trias Thaum., p. 411. " A. D. 624. Mongan mac Fiaghna, a very
' The Airtheara: i. e. the Orientates or inhabi- well spoken man, and much given to the woo-
tants of the eastern part of the territory of Oir- ing of women, was killed by one" [Arthur Ap]
ghialla See note under A. D. 606. " Bicor, a Welshman, with a stone."
2l2
244
[622.
ba6 DO cleich la hGprup, mac bicaip, Do bpfcnaib, coniD Do po paiD becc boipce :
dp huap an gaech Dap Hi, Do pail occa i cCiunn ripe; Do ^fnpac gnirii namnup DC, maippic Tnongan, mac piachnae. Lann Cluana haiprip moiu, ampa cfrpap popp piaDaD, Copbntac caerh ppi impochiD, agup lollann mac piacbpach, Qgup an Diap aile Dia pognaD mop Do cuachaib,
, mac piachna Lupgan, -| 1?ondn mac Uuachait.
Cachal, mac GoDha, pf TTluman, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo piche aoo. Qn Dapa blia&am Decc DO Suibne. 8, pfpgna 6pir, abb lae -| eppcop, Dej an Dapa la DO TTlapca. S. Lachrnain, mac Copben, abb QchaiD uip, Decc 10 Do TTlapca. Cach Caipn pfpaohai^ pia ppailbe plann pop Conoachcaib, Du in po mapb'aD Conall, coipeach Ua TTlaine, rnaelDub,TTTaolDi]in, TTIaolpuam, TTlaolcalgjaijli,-] TTIaolbpfpail, 1 apoile paopclanna, "] poDaoine cen mo cacpiDe, -) po meabaiD pop ^uaipe QiDne, a hionab an cachaigche, conab Dopi&e appubpaD :
Oo pochaip DO ConDachcaib, hie ach cuma in cpeipip,
TTlaolDum, TTIaolpuam, TTlaolcalggaigb, Conall, TTTaolDub, TTlaolbpeipil.
* Beg Boirche. — He was King of Uladh or Ulidia for thirteen years, and died in the year 716. Boirche was the ancient name of the ba- rony of Mourne in the south of the county of Down.
h Ik. — Now Islay, near Cantire, in Scotland.
0 Ceann-tire: i. e. Head of the Land, now Can- tire in Scotland.
'' Cluain-Airthir : i. e. the Eastern Lawn or Meadow. Not identified.
' Cathal, son ofAedh "A. D. 624. Cathal, son
of Hugh, King of Mounster, died." — Ann. Clon.
' St. Feargna Brit — " S. Fergna cognomento Britannicus Episcopus et Abbas Hiensis obiit 2 Martii. — Quat. Mag." Colgau, Trias Thaum., p. 498. See also Ussher, Primord., p. 702.
? Achadh-Ur: i. e. the Fresh Field, now cor-
ruptly called in English Freshford, a small town near Kilkenny, in the county of Kilkenny — See Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol.iii. p. 26. The name is explained as follows in the Life of St. Mochoemoc orPulcherius, pub- lished by Colgan at llth of March : " Achadh- ur .i. ager viridis seu rnollis propter humidita- lem rivulorum qui transeunt ibi." There is a holy well called Tobar-Lachtin, and there are some curious remains of an old church at the place. In the Feilire- Aenguis his festival is marked at 19th of March ; and, at the same day, the following notice of him is given in O'Clery's Calendar :
" £,accam, mac Coipbe in, abb QchaiD x'np, i n-Oppmjib, ujup 6 6healach peabpur Qnno Domini, 622."
622.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
245
with a stone by Arthur, son of Bicar, [one] of the Britons, of which Beg
Boirchea said :
Cold is the wind across lie", which they have at Ceann-tirec;
They shall commit a cruel deed in consequence, they shall kill Mongan, sou of
Fiachna. Where the church of Cluain-Airthird is at this day, renowned were the four
there executed,
Cormac Caemh with shouting, and Illann, son of Fiachra ; And the other two, — to whom many territories paid tribute, — Mongan, son of Fiachna Lurgan, and Ronan, son of Tuathal.
Cathal, son of Aedhe, King of Munster, died.
The Age of Christ, 622. The twelfth year of Suibhne. St. Feargna Britf, Abbot of la, and a bishop, died on the second day of March. St. Lachtnain, son of Torben, Abbot of Achadh-Urg, died on the 10th \recte 19th] of March. The battle of Carn-Fearadhaighh [was gained] by Failbhe Flann over the Con- naughtmen, wherein were slain Conall, chief of Ui-Maine, Maeldubh, Maelduin, Maelruain, Maelcalgaigh, and Maelbreasail, and other nobles and plebeians besides them ; and Guaire-Aidhne was routed from the battle-field ; of which was said :
There fell of the Connaughtmen, at Ath-cuma-an-tseisir', Maelduin, Maelruain, Maelcalgaigh, Conall, Maeldubh, Maelbreisil.
" Lachtain, son of Torben, abbot of Achadh- Ur, in Ossory, and of Bealach Feabhrath, A. D. 622."
Colgan gives a short Life of this saint at 19 Martii. He was a native of Muscraighe [Mus- kerry], in the present county of Cork, and erected a church at Bealach- Feabhradh, which is» probably the place now called Ballagharay, or Ballaghawry, a townland situated in the west of the parish of Kilbolane, barony of Orbhraighe, or Orrery, and county of Cork.
h Carn-FearadJiaigh. — A mountain in the ter- ritory of Cliu-Mail, in the south of the county of Limerick — See note g, under A. M. 3656, p. 41, supra. In the Annals of Ulster this
battle is entered under the year 626, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under 624, as follows :
" A. D. 626. Bellum Cairn-Fearadaig i Cliu" [i.e. in Cliu-Mail-mic-Ugaine] "«6z Failbi Flann Feimin victor erat. Guaire Aidhne fugit." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 624. The battle of Carnferaye, where Falvy Flynn had the victory, and Gawrie Ayuie took his flight, — Conell mac Moyleduffe, prince of Imain, Moyledoyne, Moylecalgie, and Moyle- bressal, with many other nobles, were slain, — was fought this year." — Ann. Clon.
1 Ath-cuma-an-tseisir: i. e. the Ford of the Slaughtering of the Six. This name is now obsolete.
246
[623.
Cach LecheD TTliDinD, i nOpuins, pia bpiachna, mac Oemain, cijepna Oal bpmcach, pop pmchna, mac mbaooain, pi UlaD. T?o meabaiD an each pop piachna mac baooain, -| cfp ann. TTIac Laippe, eppcop -] abb Qpoa TTlaca, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo piche arpf. Colman mac Ua bapooani (.1. Do Oal bappoainne a cenel) abb Cluana mic Noip Decc. lap mbeich cpf bliaDna Decc DO Suibne TTIeann hi pplaicheap Gpeann DO cfp la Congal cClaon, mac Scanblam, i Cpaijh bperia. ConaD Dia oiohiD acpubpaD :
Suibne co plojjhaib Dia poi, Do rappaijh bponaij bpenai,
l?o mapbaO an gaech 50 ngail, la Congal caech mac ScanOail.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo piche a cfcaip. Qn ceo bliaoam Do Oomnall, mac Gooha, mic Qinmipech, hi pijhe nGpeann. 8. Colman Scellan 6 Ufp Da jlap 065, 26 TTlaii. 3. ITlaoDocc, eppucc pfpna, Decc 31 lanuapi. T?onan,
L Lethed-Midinn, at Drung — This is probably the place now called Cnoc-Lethed, or Knock- layd, and situated in the barony of Cathraighe, or Carey, and county of Antrim. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is noticed under the year 625 ; and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 624, as follows : '
" A. D. 625. Bdlwn Lethed Midind, in quo cecidit Fiachna Lurgan. Fiachna mac Deamain victor erat." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 624. The battle of Lehed-mynd was fought, where Fiaghna mac Demayne killed Fiaghna mac Boydan, King of Dalnary, and in revenge thereof those of Dalriada challenged Fiaghna mac Demain, and killed him in the battle of Corran by the hands of Conad Kearr." — Ann. Clon.
1 Mac Laisre : i. e. the son of Laisir. Ware and Colgan think that he is the person called " Terenannus Archipontifex Hibernia:" in the Life of St. Laurence, Archbishop of Canterbury. See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 293, col. 2 ; and Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 39.
m Colman Mac Ua Bardani. — " A. D. 627.
PawsaColumbani, filii Barddaeni Abbotts Clone." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 624. Columban mac Bardan, Abbot of Clonvicknose, died." — Ann. Clon.
" Traigh-Brena This is not the Brena in
the county of Down, mentioned under A. M. 2546, p. 7, supra, but Brentracht-Maighe-Itha, that part of the shore of Lough Swilly nearest to Aileach, in the barony of Inishowen, and county of Donegal. — See Settle of Magh-Rath, p. 37, where it is stated that Suibhne Meann was near Aileach, when he was slain by Congal Claen. Suibneus, Monarch of Ireland, is men- tioned by Adamnan in his Vita Columb., lib. L c. 9, and lib. iii. c. 5. His death is mentioned in the Annals of Ulster, under the year 627 : " Occisio Suibne Menn, mic Fiachna, mic Fera- daid, mic Murethaig, mic Eogain, Ei Erenn, la Congal Caech, mac Sganlain i Traig Breni."
0 Domhnall, son of Aedh. — He succeeded Suibhne in 628, and died in 642 — Ogygia, p. 431. Adamnan says, in his Vita Columb., lib.i. c. 10, that this Domhnall was a boy when the Convention of Druim-Ceat was held (A. D. 590),
623.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
247
The battle of Lethed-Midirm, at Drungk, [was fought] by Fiachna, son of Deman, Lord of Dal-Fiatach, against Fiachna, son of Baedan, King of Ulidia. The battle was gained over Fiachna, son of Baedan, and he fell therein. Mac Laisre1, Bishop and Abbot of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 623. Colman Mac Ua Bardanim, of the tribe of Dal- Barrdainne, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. After Suibhne Meann had been thirteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain at Traigh-Brenan, by Congal Claen ; of which was said :
Suibhne, with hosts attending him, the destructive people of Brena overtook
him ; The valorous sage was slain by Congal Caech, son of Scannal.
The Age of Christ, 624. The first year of Domhnall, son of Aedh°, son of Ainmire, in the sovereignty of Ireland. St. Colman Stellan, of Tir-da-ghlas [Terryglas], died on the 26th of May. St. Maedhog, Bishop of Fearnap, died
and that St. Columbkille there gave him his blessing : " Quern cum Sanctus benedixisset, continue ait ; hie post super omnes suos fratres superstes erit, et Rex valde famosus : nee un- quam in manus inimicorum tradetur, sed morte placida in senectute, et intra domum suam coram amicorum familiarium turba super suum morietur lectum. Quae omnia secundum beati vaticinium viri de eo vere adimpleta sunt." — Trias Thaum., p. 341.
p Fearna. — A place abounding in alder trees, now Ferns, an ancient episcopal seat on the River Bann, about five miles to the north of Enniscorthy, in the county of Wexford. — See note on the battle of Dunbolg, A. D. 594 ; see also Ussher's Primordia, p. 864; and Colgan's edition of the Life of St. Maidocus at 31st Janu- ary, Ada Sanctorum, p. 208, et seqq. This saint is now usually called Mogue throughout the dio- cese of Ferns, and in the parishes of Drumlane and Templeport, in the county of Cavan, and in that of Rossinver, in the county of Leitrim, •where his memory is still held in the highest
veneration. The children who are called after him at baptism are now usually, though incor- rectly, called Moses by the Roman Catholics, but more correctly Aidan by the Protestants, throughout the diocese of Ferns. His first name was Aedh, of which Aedhan, Aidan, and Aedhoc, are diminutive forms ; and the pronoun mo, my, is usually prefixed to form an amm baio, or name of affection. This custom among the ancient Irish is explained by Colgan as fol- lows, in a note on this name :
" Scribitur quidem in Hibernico vetustiori Moedoc, Maedoc, Aodan, Oedan, Oedoc, Aedoc, in recentiori Maodog, Aedan, Aodh, Aodhog : et hinc latinis Codicibus varie Aldus, Aidanus, Moedoc: apud Capgravium Maedocius : in Co- dice Insulse sanctorum Aedanus, Moedocus, in hac vita ; in aliis Codicibus et prsesertim mar- tyrologiis Oedus, Aedus, et Moedocus. Causam tarn varias lectionis in notis ad vitam S. Itae 15 Januarii assignavimus triplicem. Prima est quod ubi Hiberni nunc passim scribunt Ao prisci scribebant Oe vel Ae: etubi illi litteram
248
[626.
mac Colmain, Decc. Cach Ouin Ceichepn pia nOomnall, mac QoDha, mic Ginmijiecli, pop Con£al Caoch, no Claon, mac Scanolain, Du in no mapbao ^uaine ^aillpeach, mac popannam,-] apoile pochaibe, -| jio meabaib lapum pop Consal, t>ia nebpab :
Cach Duin Ceicipn Dia paibe cpu puab Dap puile glapa, bacap pop pliochc Congail cpuim colla muinpfrhpa mappa.
Cach Qpoa Copainn la ConDaib Cepp, njepna Oail l?iaOa, aipm in po mapbab Piachna, mac Oemain, pi Ula6.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo piche a cuig. Qn oapa bliabam DO Domnall. pionn- cam TTlaolDub DO ecc. TTlobai, mac Ui Qloai. Cach Lfcaipbe ecip TTlaol- picpij, coipeach cenel mic eapcca, •} Gpnaine mac piacpac, coipeach Cenel pfpanhai£, DU in po mapbab TTlaolpicpij, mac Qooha Uaipiobnaigh. bpan- Dub, mac TTlailcoba, 065.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo piche apeachc. Qn cfcpamab bliabain Do Oomnall. Cach Ctcha Qbla, DU in po mapbab Dicul, mac pfpgupa Cull la TTlumain. Imp TTleDcoic opocucchab la heppcop QeDhain.
g, hie c seribere consueverint. Secunda est, quod solebant diminutiva, loco nominum pro- priorum ponere, ut loco Paulus Paulinus, et quod diminutiva ordinarie apud eos desinant in an, en, in, vel oo, sen og: et hinc Joco Aodh, ssepe Aodhan, Aodhoc, seu Aodog. Tertia quod venerationis et amoris causa, solebant nomini- bus propriis prsefigere syllabam mo quod meum sonat ; vel ubi incipiebant nomina a vocali so- lum prsefigebant litteram m, et hinc Aodhog, Oedhoc, appellabant Maodhog et Maedhog. Qui ad hsec atteridet, non solum prsdicta? variationis, sed et multorum similium originem et causas facile sciet." — Ada Sanctorum, p. 216, n. 5.
« Dun-Ceithern Translated " munitio Cei-
thirni" by Adamnan in his Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 49. This fort is still known, but called in English " the Giant's Sconce." It is a stone fort, built in the Cyclopean style, on the sum- mit of a conspicuous hill in the parish of Dun- boe, in the north of the county of Londonderry.
The earliest writer who mentions this battle is Adamnan, who states that it had been predicted by St. Columbkille that it would be fought be- tween " Nelli nepotes et Cruthini populi," i. e. between the northern Ui-Neill and the Irish Cruithnigh or people of Dalaradia, and that a neighbouring well would be polluted with hu- man slaughter. Adamnan, who was born in the year in which this battle was fought, has the following notice of this battle as foreseen by St. Columbkille:
" In quo bello (ut multi norunt populi) Dom- nallus Aidi filius victor sublimatus est, et in eodem, secundum Sancti vaticinium viri, fonti- culo, quidam de parentela ejus interfectus est homo. Alius mihi, Adamnano, Christi miles, Finananus, nomine, qui vitam multis anachore- ticam annis juxta Roboreti monasterium campi irreprehensibiliter ducebat, de eodem bello se prffisente commisso aliqua enarrans protestatus est in supradicto fonte truncum cadaverinum se
626.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 249
on the 31st of January. Ronan, son of Colman, died. The battle of Dun- Ceitherni [was gained] by Domhnall, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, over Congal Caech, or Claenr, son of Scannlan, where Guaire Gaillseach, son of Forannan, and many others, were slain ; and Congal was afterwards defeated ; of which was said :
The battle of Dun-Ceithirn, in which there was red blood over grey eyes ;
There were in the track of Congal Crom bodies thick-necked, comely.
The battle of Ard-Corainn8 [was gained] by Connadh Cerr, Lord of Dal- Riada, where Fiachna, son of Deman, King of Ulidia, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 626. The second year of Domhnall. Finntan Mael- dubh died. Mobhai mac Ui Aldai [died]. The battle of Leathairbhe' between Maelfithrigh, chief of Cinel-Mic-Earca, and Ernaine, son of Fiachra, chief of Cinel-Fearadhaigh, where Maelfithrigh, son of Aedh Uairidhnach, was slain. Brandubh", son of Maelcobha, died.
The Age of Christ, 627. The fourth year of Domhnall. The battle of Ath-Ablaw, where Dicul, son of Fearghus, was slain by the Munstermen. [The monastery of] Inis-Medcoit* was founded by Bishop Aedhan.
vidisse, &c. — Trias Thaum., p. 349. Maelfitric cecidit. Ernaine mac Fiachna victor
In the Annals of Ulster this battle is men- erat." — Ann. Ult. tioned under the year 628, as follows: " A. D. 629. Bdlum Lethirbe inter Genus
"AD. 628 — Bdlum Dun Ceithirinn in quo Eugain invicem, in quo Maelfitric cecidit." —
Congal Caech fugit, et Domhnall mac Aedo vie- Ibid, tor erat, in quo cecidit Guaire mac Forindan." u Bran Dubh. — " A. D. 629. Juyulatio Bran-
r Congal Caech, or Claen. — He was known by duib mic Maelcobo." — Ann. Ult.
both surnames or sobriquets, Caech meaning w Ath-Abla Not identified. "AD. 631. Bd-
blind, or one-eyed, and Claen, squint-eyed or lum Atho Aubla, in quo cecidit Diciull mac Fer-
perverse. — See Battle ofMagh-Rath, p. 37, note k. gusa Tuile la Mumain." — Ann. Ult.
'Ard-Corainn. — Not identified. There is a " Inis-Medcoit This island is described in the
piece of land near Larne, in the county of An- Feilire-Aenguis, at 31st August, as " i n-iaprap
trim, called Corran. " A. D. 626. Bellum Arda- cuaircipc Soxan m-bic," "in the north-west
Corain. Dalriati victores erant ; in quo cecidit of Little Saxon-land, where Aedan, son of Lu-
Fiachna mac Deamain." — Ann. Ult. gain, son of Ernin, was interred." The festival
* Leathairbhe Not identified. " A. D. 628. of this Aedan is also entered in O'Clery's Irish
Mors Echdach Buidhe, regis Pictorum, JUH Ae- Calendar at 31st August, and it is added that
dain. Sic in libro Cuanach inveni. Vel sicut in he went on a pilgrimage to Inis-Meadcoit, in
Libro Dubhdalethe narratur. Bellum Letirbe the north-west of Saxan-Beg. It was probably
inter Cenel-Mic-Erca et Cenel Feradaig, in quo the British name of the Island of Lindisfarne,
2K
250
Rioghachca
[628.
Goip Cpiopc, pe ceo piche a hochc. Qn cuicceab bliabain DO Oorhnall. Carh Ctcha ^oan.i niapcap Lippe, pia ppaolan, mac Colmain,-] pia Conall, mac Suibne, coipech ITlme, -\ pia bpailge (no bpailbe) plann, pi TTluman, aipm in po mapb'a6 Cpiomcann, mac Qooha, mic Seanai£, pi Caijfn, co pochaibe oile imaille ppip. TTlop TTIuman oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha. Qn pechcrhab bliabain DO Dorhnall. Oa mac Qo&a Slaine DO rhapbab la Conall, mac Suibne, oc Loch Upecm, oc ppemomn,.i.Con5al,coipech bpfsVi.pfnachaipUacConaing,-) GibllCpuicipe, pfnachaip Slnl nDlucbaijh. Cach Segaipi, Du map mapbaoh Locene, mac Nechcain CfnDpooa, -| Comapccach, mac Qongapa. Cach Guile Caolain pe nOiapmaio, mac Qo6a Slaine, aipm in po mapbab Da mac Qonjupa, mic Colmain TTloip .1. TTlaoluma-] Colcca,-] apailloile amaille ppiu, oia nebpaoh:
Cach Guile Caolain came, po bo oaonbaij co nDile, TTIeabaiD pia nDiapmaic Deala, pop piopa mfba TTliDe, hi puba Coljan cfnDbdin, agup TTlaoluma inD olljpaiD, Da mac Qongapa apmjloip, mic cpurglan calmoip Colmain.
Sejene, abb lae Coluim Cille, Do pocuccab ecclaipe Recpainne. Conall,
or Holy Island, in Northumberland, concerning which see Bede, Eccl. Hist., lib. iii. c. 3.
! Ath-Goan : i. e. Goan's Ford; not identified.
1 larthar-Liffe. — That part of the present county of Kildare, embraced by the River Liffey in its horse-shoe winding, was anciently called Oirthear-Liffe, i. e. East of Liffey, and that part lying west of the same winding was called larthar-Liffe, i.e. west of Liffey. Both districts belonged to the Ui-Faelain, or O'Byrnes, pre- viously to the English invasion.
* Mor-Mumhan. — She was Queen of Munster, and wife of Finghin, King of Munster, ancestor of the O'Sullivans. Dr. O'Conor mistranslates this entry, mistaking Mor, a woman's name, for Maor, or Moer, a steward, " (Economus Mo- monise decessit ;" but this is childish in the extreme, because Mor is a woman's name, and never means osconoimis. In Mageoghegan's trans-
lation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, the death of this Queen is entered under 632, as follows :
" A. D. 632. More, Queen of Mounster, and surnamed More of Mounster, died."
It is added in the margin that she was the wife of Finghin, King of Munster : " ITlop muriian, bean pinjm, pij IDuriian." — See note on Failbhe Flann, infra.
b Loch Trethin. — Now Loch Drethin, anglice Lough Drin, a small lough in the parish of Mullingar, about one mile and a half to the east of the hill of Freamhain, or Frewin, in the county of Westmeath. This event is entered in the Annals of Ulster at 633, and in the An- nals of Clonmacnoise at 632, as follows :
" A. D. 633. Jugvlatio duorum jlliorum Aedo Slaine la Conall mac Suibhne occ Loch Treithin ap Fremuin, .i. Congal ri Breag, ecus Ailill Cruidire, senathair Sil Dluthaig." — Ann. Ult.
628.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 251
The Age of Christ, 628. The fifth year of Domhnall. The battle of Ath- Goany, in Iarthar-Liffez, by Faelan, son of Colman ; by Conall, son of Suibhne, chief of Meath ; and by Failge, or Failbhe Flann, King of Munster, wherein was slain Crimhthann, son of Aedh, son of Seanach, King of Leinster, with many others along with him. Mor-Mumhana died.
The Age of Christ, 630. The seventh year of Domhnall. The two sons of Aedh Slaine were slain by Conall, son of Suibhne, at Loch Trethinb, at Freamhain, namely, Congal, chief of Breagh, ancestor of the Ui-Conaing, and Ailill Cruitire [i. e. the Harper], ancestor of the Sil-Dluthaigh. The battle of Seaghais0, wherein were slain Loichen, son of Neachtain Ceannfoda, and Comas- gach, son of Aenghus. The battle of Cuil-Caelaind, by Diarmaid, son of Aedh Slaine, where the two sons of Aenghus, son of Colman Mor, namely, Maelumha and Colga, and some others along with them, were slain ; of which was said :
The battle of the fair Cuil-Caelain, it was [fought] on one side with devotedness, Was gained by Diarmaid, of Deala, over the mead-drinking men of Meath, In which the white-headed Colgan was pierced, and Maelumha of great dignity, Two sons of Aenghus of glorious arms, the son of fine-shaped, great-voiced Colman.
Segene, Abbot of la-ColuimCille, founded the church of Eechrainn0. Conall,
" A. D. 632. The killing of the two sons of was fought, where Dermot mac Hugh Slane
Hugh Slane, Congal, Prince of Brey, of whom killed Moyleowa mac Enos, and his brother,
the O'Connyngs descended, and Ailill the Colga." — Ann. Clon.
Harper, ancestor of Sile-Dluhie, by the hands 'Rechrainn — Now Ragharee, or Rathlin Island,
of Conell mac Swyne, at Loghtrehan, neer situated off the north coast of the county of
Frewyn, in Westmeath." Antrim. — See note *, under A. D. 1 55 1 , p. 1 52 1 .
0 Seaghais. — See note °, under A. D. 499, The erection of the church of Rechrainn is en-
p. 161, supra. This battle is entered in the tered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 634,
Annals of Ulster under the year 634. and in th& Annals of Clonmacnoise at 632. Dr.
d Cuil-Caelain : i.e. Caelan's Corner, or Angle. O'Conor says thatSegienus should be considered
Not identified. This battle is entered in the rather the restorer than the original founder of
Annals of Ulster under the year 634, and in the church of Rechrainn, inasmuch as it appears
the Annals of Clonmacnoise under 632, thus : from Adamnan's Vita Columb., lib. ii. c. 41, that
" A. D. 634. Bdlum Guile Coelain pe nDiar- this church was erected by St. Columbkille.
mait mac Aeda Slaine in quo cecidit Maelumai But it appears from O'Donnell's Life of St.
mac Oengusa." — Ann. Ult. Columbkille (lib. i. c. 65), and various other
" A. D. 632. The battle of Cowle-Keallan authorities, that the island of Rachrainn, on
2 K2
252
[631.
mac Suibne, coipech 171i6e, -\ niaoluma, mac popanndin, Do mapbab la Oiap- maicr, mac Qoba Slaine.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha a haon. Qn cochcmab bliabam DO Oorh- nall. Gpnaine, mac piachna, coipech Chenel pfpaohaij, DO mapbab. Qp laippibe copchaip TTIaolpichpij.macQoDhaUaipiobnaij, hi ccarh Lerhepbe. Capcach, .1. TTlochuDa, mac pionoaill DO lonnapbaoh a Rarhain.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha a cpi. Qn Dfchrhab bliabam Do Oorhnall. pailbe plann, pi TTIuman, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha acfcaip. Qn caonmab bliabam Decc DO Oomnall. S. Gochaib, abb Lip moip, Decc an 17 DQippil. S. pionncain, mac Uelcham, Decc an 21 oOccobep. Carh Tnaijhe l?ac pia nOomnall, mac
which St. Columbkille erected a church, be- longed to the east of Bregia, in Meath. It was the ancient name of the present island of Lam- bay, near Dublin. Segienus, Abbot of lona, is mentioned by Bede in Hist. Eccl., lib. iii. c. 5 ; and by Adamnan in Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 3. — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 374, n. 30.
f Conall, son o/Suibhne.— " A. D. 634. Occisio Conaill mic Suibhne, i tig Mic Nafraig, la Diar- mait mac Aeda Slaine." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 632. Conall mac Sweyne, King of Meath, was slain by Dermot mac Hugh Slane, or rather by Moyleowa mac Forannaine." — Ann. Clon.
g Cinel-Fearadhaigh. — A tribe of the Cinel- Eoghain, seated in the present barony of Clogher, in the county of Tyrone. In the Annals of Ulster this entry is given under the year 635 : " Jugulatio Ernain mic Fiachae, qui visit Mael- fitric filium Aedo Alddain, in bello Letirbe."
h jRathain : otherwise spelled liaithin, i. e. Filicetum, or Ferny Land, now Eahen, a town- land containing the remains of two ancient churches situated in the barony of Ballycowan, in the King's County — See Petrie's Bound Towers, where these remains are described. Archdall, and from him Lanigan (Eccl. Hist., vol. ii. p. 353) erroneously state that the place
whence Carthach was expulsed is Eathyne in the barony of Fertullagh, and county of West- meath. — See Ussher's Primord., p. 910. In the Annals of Tighernach, the " Effugatio" of St. Carthach from Eaithin " in diebus paschce" is entered at A. D. 636, in the Annals of Ulster at 635, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 632."
' Failbhe Flann. — He was the younger brother of Finghin, the husband of Mor Mumhan, from whom the O'Sullivans are descended. This Failbhe, who is the ancestor of the Mac Carthys, seems to have been very unpopular at his acces- sion to the throne of Munster, as appears from the following quatrain, quoted by Keating, and in the Book of Munster :
" 6heic gan Pinjin, Beic jnn TDoip, Do Chaifeal ip oariina bpoin, If lonunn ip beir jan ni, map * Pailbe plann Buj> pi."
" To be without Finghin, to be without Mor,
To Cashel is cause of sorrow,
It is the same as to be without anything
If Failbhe Flann be the King."
From these lines, which are well known to the shanachies of Munster, it is contended that the O'Sullivans are of a senior branch of the
631.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
253
son of Suibhnef, chief of Meath, and Maelumha, son of Forannan, were slain by Diarmaid, son of Aedh Slaine.
The Age of Christ, 631. The eighth year of Domhnall. Ernaine, son of Fiachna, chief of Cinel-Fearadhaighg, was slain. It was by him Maelfithrigh, son of Aedh Uairidhnach, was slain in the battle of Letherbhe. Carthach, i. e. Mochuda, son of Finnall, was banished from Rathainh.
The Age of Christ, 633. The tenth year of Domhnall. Failbhe Flann1, King of Munster, died.
The Age of Christ, 634. The eleventh year of Domhnall. St. Eochaidh, Abbot of Lis-mork, died on the 17th of April. St. Finntan, son of Telchan1, died on the 21st of October. The battle of Magh-Rathm [was gained] by
royal family of Munster than the Mac Carthys ; and indeed there can be little doubt of the fact, as their ancestor, Fjnghin, son of Aedh Duff, died in 619, when he was succeeded by his bro- ther, Failbhe Flann. In the Annals of Ulster the death of " Failbhe Flann Feimin, rex Mumhan," is entered under the year 636.
k Lis-mor: i. e. Lismore, in the county of Waterford. The festival of this Eochaidh is entered in O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 17th April.
' Finntan, son of Telchan — This saint was otherwise called Munna, and was the founder of the monastery of Teach-Munna, now Taghmon, in the county of Wexford. He attended the Synod of Leighlin in 630, where he attempted to defend the old Irish mode of computing Eas- ter against the new Roman method. — See Cum- mianus's Epistle to Segienus, Abbot of lona, on the Paschal controversy, in Ussher's Syllogce, No. xi. ; also Primordia, p. 936. In the Annals of Ulster his death is entered under the year 634, but in the Annals of Tighernach at 636, which is the true year. His contemporary, Adamnan, gives a very curious account of this Fintanus filius Tailcani in his Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 2, where he calls him " Sanctus Finte- nus per universas Scotorum Ecclesias valde nos-
cibilis, &c. &&. studiis dialis sophias deditus, &c." In the Feilire-Aenguis, at his festival (21st October), it is stated that his father, Taulchan, was a Druid.
m Magh Rath — Now Moira, a village in a pa- rish of the same name, in the barony of Lower Iveagh, and county of Down. The earliest writer who notices this battle is Adamnan, who, in his Vita Columb., lib. iii. c. 5, says that St. Columbkille had warned Aidan and his de- scendants, the Kings of Alba, not to attack his relatives in Ireland, for so surely as they should, the power of their enemies would prevail over them. Adamnan, who was about thirteen years old when this battle was fought, says that a pro- phecy of St. Columbkille's was fulfilled in the consequences of it. His words are :
" Hoc autem vaticinium temporibus nostris completum est in bello Rath, Domnallo Brecco, nepote Aidani sine causa vastante provinciam Domnill nepotis Ainmirech : et a die ills, us- que hodie adhuc in proclivo sunt ab extraneis, quod suspiria .doloris pectora incutit." — Trias Thaum., p. 365.
This battle is noticed in the Annals of Ulster and the Chronicon Scotorum at the year 636, and in the Annals of Tighernach at 637, which is the true year — See the romantic story on
254
[635.
Qeoha, •] pia macaib Cteoha Slcnne pop Conjal Claon, mac Scanolain, pi Ulab, DU iccopchaip Conjal, Ulaib, ~\ Ctllmappaij ap aon pip. Cach Sael- npe pia cConall cCaol, mac TTlaoilcoba, pop Cenel nGoghain.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha a cuig. Qn Dapa bliabain Decc DO Oomnall. Qilill, mac Ctoba l?6in, Corral, mac Ounchaoha, Decc. Ouinpeach, bfn Oorhnaitl, mic Qo&a, pf Gpeann, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha a pe. Ctn cpeap bliaDam Decc Do Oomnall. 3. TTlochuDa, eppcop Lip moip -] abb Raicne, Decc 14 TTlan. Cach Cacpac Chinocon la TTiurhain pia nGonsup Ciac, pop Tflaolouin, mac Qo6a bfnDain. TTlaolobap TTlacha, plaic Oipjiall, Decc. TTiaolDum, mac QoDa, Dolopcab i nlnip caoin. TTlaolDum, mac peapjupa, -\ TTIaolDuin, mac Colmam, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha a pfchc. Ctn cecpamaD bliabam Decc Do Oomnall. 8. Cponan mac Ua Coegoe, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc 18 lull. S. TTlochua, abb balla, Decc 30 TTlapca.
the subject of this battle, printed for the Irish Archaeological Society in 1842.
" Sadtire — This place is unknown to the Editor. It is stated in the Annals of Ulster, that this battle and the battle of Roth (Magh Eath), were fought on the same day.
" A. D. 636. Bdlum Roth, et Bdlum Sailtire in una die facta sunt. Conall Gael, mac Mael- cobo, socius Domhnaill, victor erat, de Genere Eugain, in bello Saeltire."
0 Ailitt, son of Aedh Roin — His death is en- tered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 638.
f Congal, son of Dunchadh. — " A. D. 638. Jugulatio Congaile mac Duncha." — Ann. Ult.
1 Duinseach — "A.D. 638. Obitus Duinsicaj uxoris Domhnaill." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 637. The death of Downesie, wife of King Donell, and Queen of Ireland." — Ann. Clon.
' Mochuda — The death of this bishop is en- tered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 637, and in the Annals of Tighernach and those of Clonmacnoise under 637 (2 Id/Maii), which is the true date. — See Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. ii. pp. 353, 355.
• Lis-mor: i. e. the Great Lis or earthen fort, translated Atrium magnum by the writer of the Life of St. Carthach ; now Lismore, on the River Neimh, now the Blackwater, in the west of the county of Waterford, anciently called Crich-na-nDeise. It is evident from entries in these Annals at the years 588 and 610, that there was an ecclesiastical establishment here before the expulsion of St. Carthach from Rai- thin, in Fircall, in 636 ; but it was remodelled and erected into a bishopric by him a short time before his death. Moelochtride, prince of Nandesi (i. e. the Desies), made him a grant of a considerable tract of land lying round the atrium called Lismore, which was originally a mere earthen enclosure, but in a short time the place acquired an extraordinary celebrity, and was visited by scholars and holy men from all parts of Ireland, as well as from England and Wales, as we learn from the following passage in his Life :
" Egregia et Sancta civitas Less-mor : cujus dimidium est asylum, in qua nulla mulier audet intrare, sed plenum est cellis et monasteriis
635.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
255
Domhnall, son of Aedh, and the sons of Aedh Slaine, over Congal Claen, son of Scannlan, King of Ulidia, where fell Congal, and the Ulidians and foreigners along with him. The battle of Saeltire" [was gained] by Conall Gael, son of Maelcobha, over the Cinel-Eoghain.
The Age of Christ, 635. The twelfth year of Domhnall. Ailill, son of Aedh Roin°; Congal, son of Dunchadh", died. Duinseachq, wife of Domhnall, son of Aedh, King of Ireland, died.
The Age of Christ, 636. The thirteenth year of Domhnall. St. Mochudar, Bishop of Lis-mor8 and Abbot of Raithin [Rahen], died on the 14th of May. The battle of Cathair-Chinncon', in Munster, [was gained] by Aenghus Liath, over Maelduin, son of Aedh Beannan. Maelodhar Macha", chief of Oirghialla, died. Maelduin, son of Aedhw, was burned at Inis-caein*. Maelduin, son of Fearghus, and Maelduin, son of Colman, died.
The Age of Christ, 637. The fourteenth year of Domhnall. St. Cronan Mac-Ua-Loegdey, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died on the 18th of July. St.Mochua, Abbot of Balla2, died.
sanctis, et multitude virorum sanctorum semper illic manet. Viri enim religiosi ex omni parte Hibernis, et non solum, sed ex Anglia et Bri- tannia confluunt ad earn, volentes ibi migrare ad Christum. Et est ipsa civitas posita super ripam fluminis quandam dicti Nem, modo autem Aban-mor, id est, amnis magnus, in plaga re- gionis Nandesi." — Ussher's Primord., p. 943 ; see also the same work, pp. 910, 919. St. Car- thach or Mochuda's festival is entered in the Feilire-Aenguis and O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 14th May.
' Catkair-Chinncon. This was the name of a stone fort near Rockbarton, the seat of Lord Guillamore, in the barony of Small County, and county of Limerick. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is noticed under the year 639, as follows :
" A. D. 639. Bellum Cathrach-Cinncon. Oen- gus Liathdana victor erat. Maelduin mac Aeda
" Madodhar Mocha — In the Annals of Tigh-
ernach and the Annals of Ulster he is called "rex Orientalium," which is intended for pij na n-Oipceap, i. e. King of the Oriors, two ba- ronies in the east of the present county of Ar- magh ; but in the Battle of Magh-Rath (p. 28), he is called pi noi ccpica ceo Oipj^iall, i.e. King of the Nine Cantreds of Oriel, a territory which comprised, at this period, the present •counties of Louth, Armagh, Monaghan, and parts of Tyrone.
" Maelduin, son of Aedh. — " A. D. 640. Com- bustio Maelduin in insula Caini. Jugulatio Mael- duin mic Fergusa, et Maelduin mic Colmain." — Ann. Ult.
" Inis-Caein — Now Inishkeen, in the county of Louth, on the borders of Monaghan.
y Cronan-mac- Ua-Loeghde. — "A. D. 637. Cro- nan macc-U-Loeghdea, abbas Cluana-mic-Nois, obiit."— Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 637- Cronan mac Oloye, abbot of Clonvicnose, died." — Ann. Clon.
'• Balla. — Now Balla or Bal, a village in the
256
cn-wata
[638.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha a hochc. 8. Cpican in QonDpuim Decc an peaccmaD Decc DO TTlan. Cfooh OuB, abb -] eppcop Cille Dapa, 065, -| ba pi Laijfn ap cop epibe. Dalaipe, mac hU Imoae, abb Leichglimie, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cpiocha anaoi. 8. Oajan Inbip Daoile Do ecc 13 Sepcembep. lap mbeich pe bliabna 065 i pijhe nGpeann Do Oorhnall, mac QoDha, mic Ctinmipech, puaip bap mo CtpD pochaDh, i cd'p Ctooha, DO punnpaoh iap mbuaiD naicpije, uaip baoi bliaDam i ngalap a ecca, -\ no caiceab copp Cpiopc 5060 Domnaij. Oilill, mac Colmdm, coipeach Cenel Laojaipe [Decc].
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD cecpaca. Cln ceo blia&ain Do Chonall Gaol -\ DO Cheallach, Da mac TTlaoilcoba, mic Qo6a, mic Ginmipech, op Gpinn i pijhe.
barony of Clanmorris, but anciently in the ter- ritory of Ceara, in the now county of Mayo — See note ", under the year 1 179- The death of this Mochua is also given in the Annals of Clon- macnoise at the same year. Colgan gives the Life of this saint as translated from an Irish manuscript by Philip O'Sullivan Beare, at 30th March, which is his festival day, as marked in all the Calendars. He was a disciple of the ce- lebrated St. Comhgall of Bangor.
a Amdruim. — This is not Antrim, but an island in Loch Cuan, or Strangford Lough, in the county of Down — See notes under the years 496 and 642. The death of Cridan is entered under 638 in the Annals of Ulster and the An- nals of Clonmacnoise.
b Aedh Dubh The death of this royal abbot
and bishop is entered in the Annals of Ulster and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at the year 638.
c Leithghlinn : i. e. the Half Glen, now old Leighlin, in'the county of Carlow : "A.D. 638. Ercra re" [an eclipse of the moon] " Dolaissi mac Cuinidea, abbas Lethglinne paused." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 639. Dolasse mac Winge, Abbot of Leighlin, died." — Ann. Clon.
St. Dolaise, of Leighlin, was otherwise called Molaise and Laisren. He was present at the
Synod held at Leighlin in 630, to debate on the proper time for celebrating Easter. — See Cummianus's epistle to Segienus, Abbot of lona, in Ussher's Sylloge, No. xi. His festival was celebrated on the 18th April, according to the Feilire Aenguis and the Irish Calendar of O'Clery.
d Iribher-Datile : i. e. the Mouth of the Eiver Dael, now Ennereilly, a townland containing the ruins of an old church situated close to Mizen Head, in the south of a parish of the same name, in the barony of Arklow, and county of Wicklow, and about four miles and a quarter north-north-east of the town of Ark- low. The river Dael or Deel is now called the Pennycomequick River. In the Feilire-Aenguis, at 13th September, Inbher-Doeli is described as in the territory of Dal-Mescorb, in Leinster, and Doel, as " nomen amnis" in the east of Leinster.
" Ard-Fothadh, in Tir-Aedha — This was the name of a fort on a hill near Ballymagrorty, in the barony of Tir-Aedha, now Tirhugh, and county of Donegal. — See the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, part ii. c. iii ; and Adamnan's Vita Columb., lib. i. c. 10; and Colgan's note (Trias Tkaum., p. 375), where he translates this pas- sage from the Irish of the Four Masters, thus :
638.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
257
The Age of Christ, 638. St. Critan, of Aendruim", died on the seventeenth of May. Aedh Dubhb, Abbot and Bishop of Cill-dara [Kildare], died. He had been at first King of Leinster. Dalaise Mac hU-Imdae, Abbot of Leithglinn", died.
The Age of Christ, 639. St. Dagan, of Inbher-Daeiled, died on the 13th of September. After Domhnall, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, had been sixteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he died at Ard-Fothadh, in Tir-Aedhae, after the victory of penance, for he was a year in his mortal sickness ; and he used to receive the body of Christ every Sunday. Oilill, son of Colman, chief of Cinel-Laeghairef, [died].
The Age of Christ, 640. The first year of Conall Gael and Ceallach8, two sons of Maelcobha, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, over Ireland, in [joint] sove- reignty. Scannlan Morh, son of Ceannfaeladh, chief of Osraighe [Ossory], died.
" Anno Christi sexcentessimo trigessimo nono postquam Hibernue monarchiam sexdecim annis administrasset, Domnalltts, films Aidi filii Ain- mirii, decessit in Ard-foihad regione de Tir-Aodha, post pcenitentwe palmam. Integra enim anno in sui lethali infirmitate, singulis diebus Dominicis communione Corpora Christi refectus, interiit." He then remarks on the Chronology : " Verum non anno 639 (ut Quatuor Magistri referunt) ; sed anno 642, ex Annalibus Ultoniensibus refert Jacobus Usserus de Ecclesiarum Britannicarum Primordiis pagina 712 ipsum obiisse ; et postea in Indice Chronologico, dicens Anno 642. Dom- naldus filius Aidi Hex Hibernice, in fine mensis Januarii moritur; succedentibus sibiinregno Con- atto et Kellacho, filiis Madcobi, annis xm."
The death of King Domhnall is entered in the Annals of Ulster, and also in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, at 641 ; but the true year is 642, as Ussher has it :
" A. D. 641. Mors Domhnaill, mic Aedo, regis Hibernice in fine Januarii." — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 641. Donell mac Hugh, King of Ireland, died in Ardfohie, in the latter end of January." — Ann. Clon.
' Cinel-Laeghaire : i. e. Eace of Laeghaire (Monarch of Ireland). These were seated in the baronies of Upper and Lower Navan, in the county of Meath. The hill of Tlachtgha, the ford of Ath-Truim, and the church of Telachard, were in their territory. The death of Ailill, son of Colman, is entered in the Annals of Ulster at 641, and in the Annals of Clonmac- noise at 642.
8 Conall Gael and Ceallach. — The Annals of Ulster contain the following curious remarks under the year 642 : " Cellach et Conall Cael regnare incipiunt, ut alii dicunt. Hie dubitatur quis regnavit post Domhnall. Dicunt alii histo- riographi regnasse quatuor reges, .i. Cellach et Conall Cael, et duo filii Aedo Slaine .i. Diarmait et Blathmac, per commixta regna."
h Scannlan Mor, son of Ceannfaeladh — He was not the Scannlan, King of Ossory, mentioned by Adamnan as a hostage in the hands of Aedh mac Ainmirech, but his cousin-german, Scann- lan Mor, son of Ceannfaeladh, son of Rumann, whose brother, Feradhach, was the grandfather of the other Scannlan. This Scannlan Mor, son of Ceannfaeladh, is the ancestor of all the septs L
258
[641.
Scannlan mop, mac Cinnpaolam, coif ec Of paije, Decc. Guana, mac Qilcene, roifech pfpmaije, Decc. 6u he fin Laoc tiacrhuine.
Qoif Cpiofc, feceo ceacpacha a haon. Qn oapa bliaoain Do Chonall -| DO Cheallac. TTlaolbpffail •] TTIaolanpaiDh oecc, ~| plann Gnaigh Do £uin. Do Chenel cConaill 5u^an mopen.
Qoif Cpiofc, f e ceo cfcpaca a DO. Qn cpeaf bliabam Do Chonall •) Do Cheallach. S. Cponan 6fcc, ef puce nQonopoma, oecc an 7 lanuapn. pupao- pdn, mac beicce, mic Cnanach, coifec Ua TTlec Uaif, Decc. huaifle injfn Suibne, mic Colmdin, bfn paoldin, pijh Caijfn, Decc. Cach ^ab'pa ecip Laijhnibh pein.
Qoip Cpiof c, f e ceo cfcpacha acpf. Qn cfcpamab blia&ain DO Chonall, 1 DO Cheallach. Dunchao, mac piachna, mic Demain, pi UlaD, Decc.
Qoif Cpiofc, f e ceo cfcpacha a cfcaip. Qn cuicceao bliaoain Do Chonall •j DO Cheallach. bolccluaca, cijhfpna Ua cCeinnf flaij, Decc.
Qoif Cpiof c, f e ceo ceacpacha a cuicc. Qn f eif ea6 bliaoain Do Chonall 1 oo Cheallach. S. TTIac Laifpe, abb bfnncaip, oecc an 16 TTlaii.
of the Mac Gillapatricks, or Fitzpatricks, of Ossory. In the Annals of Cloumacnoise the death of Scanlan More macKeanfoyle is entered under A. D. 642.
' Laech Liathmhuine : i. e. the Hero of Liath- nihuin. There are several places in the county of Cork called Liathmhuine ; but the place here referred to is Cloch-Liathmhuine, in the parish of Kilgullane, in the barony of Fermoy. This Guana is called Mac Cailchine by Keating, and In the Life of St. Molagga, published by Colgan at 20th January, who describes him as a chief- tain of unbounded hospitality, and the rival in that quality of his half brother, Guaire Aidhne, King of Connaught :
" Regni deinde" [i.e. post Donaldum] "socie- tatem iniverant Conajlus Tenuis, et Cellachus, Moelcobii filii, nepotes Hugonis seu Aidi, An- meri pronepotes: quibus pari regnandi postes- tate gaudentibus, fatis concessit Cuanus Cail- cheni filius, Caoc Ciarriiume, Fearmuiffi Rex, qui Guario Colmani filio cooetaneus, parem
cum eo libe-ralitatem, et in egenos erogationem exercuit." — Lynch. See a curious reference to this contest of generosity between Cuanna and Guaire, in the Life of St. Molagga — Ada SS., pp. 146, 148.
This Guana was the descendant of the cele- brated Druid and hero, Mogh Both, who re- ceived a grant of the territory of Feara-Muigh- feine, now Fermoy, from Fiacha Muilleathan, King of Munster, for the extraordinary services which he had rendered to the Munster forces in driving the monarch, Cormac Mac Art, from Munster — See Colgan's Acta SS., p. 148, n. 2, and note r, under A. D. 266, p. 117, supra. Colgan refers to various authorities for this contest of generosity between Guana and his half-brother, Guaire Aidhne, and, among others, to an ancient manuscript of Clonmacnoise called Leabhar-na h Uidhre (a fragment of which is now preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Aca- demy). His words are: " Celebris est hfec com- petentia in nostris historiis, de qua Ketinus in
641.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
259
Guana, son of Ailcen, chief of Feara-Maighe [Fermoy], died. He was [the person who was called] Laech Liathmhuine1.
The Age of Christ, 641. The second year of Conall and Ceallach. Mael- breasail and Maelanfaidhk died ; and Flann Enaigh was mortally w.ounded. These were of the Cinel-Conaill-Gulban.
The Age of Christ, 642. The third year of Conall and Ceallach. St. Cronan Beg1, Bishop of Aendruim, died on the 7th of January. Furadhran, son of Bee, son of Cuanach, chief of Ui-Mic-Uaism, died. Uaislen, daughter of Suibhne, son of Colman, wife of Faelan, King of Leinster, died. The battle of Gabhra0 [was fought] between the Leinstermen themselves.
The Age of Christ, 643. The fourth year of Conall and Ceallach. Dun- chadhp, son of Fiachna, son of Deman, Bang of Ulidia, died.
The Age of Christ, 644. The fifth year of Conall and Ceallach. Bolglua- thaq, Lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died.
The Age of Christ, 645. The sixth year of Conall and Ceallach. Mac Laisrer, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died on the 16th of May. Raghallach8,
historia Regum Hibernise. Item in actis Com- gani et Conatti, et in actis etiam ipsius CuaruB a Fiacho" [filio Lyrii\ " synchrono eleganter con- scriptis quse etiamnum in magno pretio extant hodie in celebri illo et vetusto codice Cluanensi, quern Leabhar-na-hUidhre vocant." — Ada SS., p. 149, n. 14.
k Maelbreasail and Madanfaidh, — " A. D. 643. Jugulatio duorum nepotum Bogaine, L e. Ma,elbrea- sail et Maelanfait. Guin Flainn Aenaig. MOTS Breasail mic seachnasaich." — Ann. Ult.
Cronan Beg. — " A. D. 642. Quies Cronain Episcopi nOindromo." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 642. Cronan, Bishop of Indroyme, died." — Ann. Clon.
m Ui-Mic- Uais. — This name is still preserved in the barony of Moygoish, in the county of Westmeath.
" A. D. 644. Mors Furudrain mic Bece, mic Cuanach ri Ua mice Uais." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 642. Furadrayn, the son of Beag, mic Briwyn, or C wanagh, prince of Mack waiss, died."
2
— Ann. Clon.
" Uaisle — " A. D. 642. Mors hUaisle, filire Suibne. — Ann. Clon.
" A. D. 642. Uaisle, in English, Oentle, daugh- ter of Swyne mac Colman, King of Meath, Queen of Lynster (she was wife to Foylan, King of Lynster), died."
0 Gabhra: i. e. Gabhra- Liffe, not Gabhra, near the Boyne.
" Dunchadh. — " A. D. 646. Rex Uloth Duncat Ud Konain jugulatus." — Ann. Ult.
« Bolgluatha. — " A. D. 646. Bettum Colgan mac Crunnmael Builggluatha ri hUae Cennselaig." — Ann. Utt.
* Mac Laisre. — " A. D. 645. Mac Laisre Abbas Bennchair quievit." — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 642. Maclaisre, abbot of Beanchor, died." — Ann. Clon.
' RaghaUach His death is entered ia the
Annals of Ulster at the year 648, which is more correct. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise it is incorrectly entered under the year 642, and the L2
260
[645.
allach, mac Uacach, p.i Connachc, DO mapbab la TTlaolbpishoe, mac TTloc- lacain, Dia Dorhnaij Do punnpaoh, Oia nebpaoh :
Rajallach, mac Uacach, goeca Do mum jeileich,
TTIuipfnO oechmon po cic, Cacal oechmon oepich.
hi speip amu DO Cacal, cia concola prab piojaibh,
Ciapa Cachal cen achaip, nf a achaip cen Dfojail.
ITlibfb pfch aopoc ofjail, acap uipo a pioneac,
^onao pe pipu coigac, oipgfb pe oipgne oeac.
TTlo cuicpi i ccuma caich, oiojail Rajallaij po paic, , a ulcha leich im laim, ITlaoilbpijoi, mic ITloclachain.
Cach Caipn Conaill pia nOiapmaio, mac Gooha Slaim, pop ^uaipe, DU in po mapbab an Da Cudn, .1. Cudn, mac 6nDa, pf ITluriian,-] Cuotn, mac Conaill, caoipech Ua pijfnce, -) Uolamnach, coipech Ua Liacain, -] po meabaiD pop ^uaipe a hionaD an cacha. Ipeab cfcup Do luib Oiapmaic DO cabaipr in cara po cpia Cluain mic Noip. Oo pfjfnpac mpom pamab Ciapain eacla ppi Oia paip, co ripaD plan Dioncoib a ccopaijfchca pom. lap poaoh laparh in pijh po eaohbaip Uuaim nGipc co na poblaib pfponn (.1. Ciac TTlanchain)
translator adds that the O'Reillys are descended from this Eaghallach.
"A. D. 642 [rccte 649]. Eagally mac Fwa- dagh, King of Connaught, was deadly wounded and killed by one Moyle-Bride O'Mothlan. Of this King Ragally issued the O'Rellyes."
This interpolation is, however, incorrect, for the O'Reillys (of East Breifny or Cavan) are descended from Raghallach, son of Cathalan, son of Dubhcron, son of Maelmordha, the eleventh in descent from Fearghus, the common ancestor of the O'Reillys, O'Rourkes, and O'Conors of Connaught. But this Raghallach, sonofUatach, is the ancestor of the O'Conors, kings of Con- naught. He had three sons : 1. Fearghus, the father of Muireadhach Muilleathan, the ances- tor of the O'Conors ; 2. Cathal, who is men- tioned in the text as the avenger of his father ; and 3. Ceallach. — See Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar- Connaught, p. 130.
' Muireann. — It is stated in an interlined gloss that she was the wife of Raghallach.
" Lamented — The verb po cic is glossed, inter lineas, ".i. po cain."
"Avenged, oepich. — This is glossed po oipc, which, in the Brehon laws, signifies to punish, fine, revenge. " Nocha n-oipcche neach ma cinaiD coip o Concobap ; no one was fined for his real crime by Conchobhar." — MS. T. C. D., H. 4. 22, p. 67.
1 Cam- Conaill. — It appears from an account of this battle, preserved in Leabkar na-h Uidhri, in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, that Carn-Chonaill is situated in the territory of Aidhne, which was coextensive with the diocese of Kilmacduagh, in the county of Galway. This place is probably that now called Ballyconnell, in the parish of Kilbecanty, near Gort. The battle is noticed in the Annals of Ulster, under the year 648 ; and in the Annals of Clonmac-
645.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 261
son of Uatach, King of Connaught, was killed by Maelbrighde, son of Moth-
lachan, on Sunday precisely, of which was said :
Raghallach, son of Uatach, was pierced on the back of a white steed ;
Muireann1 hath well lamented" him, Cathal hath well avengedw him.
Cathal is this day in battle, though he is bound [to peace] in the presence of kings ;
Though Cathal is without a father, his father is not without being revenged.
Estimate his terrible revenge from the account of it related ;
He slew six men and fifty, he committed sixteen devastations.
I had my share like another, in the revenge of Raghallach,
I have the grey beard in my hand of Maelbrighde, son of Mothlachan.
The battle of Cam Conaill1 [was gained] by Diarmaid, son of Aedh Slaine, against Guaire, wherein were slain the two Cuans, namely, Cuan, son of Enda, King of Munster, and Cuan, son of Conall, chief of Ui-Fidhgeintey; and Tolamh- nach, chief of Ui-Liathainz; and Guaire was routed from the battle field. Diar- maid, on his way to this battle, went first through Cluain-mic-Nois. The congregation of St. Ciaran made supplication to God that he might return sale, through the merits of their guarantee. After the king's return, he granted Tuaim nEirca (i. e. Liath-Manchain), with its sub-divisions of land, as altar-sodb,
noise under 642, as follows : with the appurtenances, now called Lyavanchan,
" A. D. 648. Bellum Cairn Conaill, ubi Guaire in honor of God and St. Keyran, to be held free
fugit, et Diarmait mac Aedo Slaine victor erat." — without any charge in the world, insomuch
Ann. Ult. that the King of Meath might not thencefoorth
" A. D. 642 [recte 649]. The battle of Carn challenge a draught of water thereout by way
Conell, in the Feast of Pentecost, was given by of any charge." — Ann. Clon. Dermot mac Hugh Slane ; and going to meet 7 Ui-Fidhgeinte. — A large territory in the
his enemies went to Clonvicknose to make his present county of Limerick — See note m, under
devotion to St. Keyran, was met by the abbot, A. D. 1178, p. 44.
prelates, and clergy of Clonvicknose in proces- * Ui-Liathain. — A territory in the county of
sion, where they prayed God and St. Keyran to Cork.— bee note', under A. M. 2859, p. 11,
give him the victory over his enemies, which and note °, under A. D. 1579, p. 1722. God granted at their requests; for they had the " Tuaim nEirc : i. e. Erc's Mound, or tumulus.
victory, and slew Cwan, King of Mounster, and This was the original name of the place where
Cwan mac Conell, King of 'I-Feiginty, and so the old church of Lemanaghan, in the barony of
giving the foyle to his enemies returned to Garrycastle, and King's County, now stands in
Clonvicknose again, to congratulate the clergy ruins — See note k, under A. D. 1531, p. 1402. by whose intercession he gained that victory, b Altar-sod — Literally land on the altar, i. e.
and bestowed on them for ever Toymenercke, land belonging to the altar, i. e. church-land.
262
[646.
ariiail poo pop alcoip, DO Oia -\ DO Chiapan, -\ DO bfpe ceopa epipee (.1. mal- lacc) pop pish TTliDhe oia nibfoh neach Dm mumcip ci6 Digh nuipce ann. ConaD Depin Do peogape Oiapmaice a aDnacal hi cCluain mic Noip.
Cloip Cpiopc, pe ceD, cfepacha ape. Ctn peaccmaD blia&am Do Chonall -] DO Chellach. Cach Ouin Cpiomeamn pia Conall -\ pia cCealtach, Da mac TTIaoilcoba, pop Ctonjup, mac Oomnaill,-] po mapbaD Ctongup pan char pm, 1 po mapbaD cine Carhapach, mac Oomnaill bpic, pan each pin beop. TTlaol- coba mac piachna, mic Oemain pi Ula6, Do mapbaD la Congal cCfnnpooa, mic Ounchaoha.
Qofp Cpiope, pe ceD cfcpacha a peachc. Ctn cochemab bliaoam Do Chonall 1 DO Chellach. OunchaD ~\ Conall, Da mac blaicmeic, mic Ctooha Slaine, Do mapbaD la Lai^mb i ccuppaec muilinn TTlaoloDpain, mic Ofoma Cpoin. TTlapcan -\ TTlaolobpan po jon iaD anofp, ap DO popaioh TTlaoloDpan,
Q rhuilino, po melc anba DO cuipinn,
Mi bo coimmelc pop peipblinD, an poimeilr pop Uib [Sil] Cfpbaill. Qn span meilep an TTluileann, nf coipce ace ap ofpg cuipeann, 6a DO sepccaib an cpoinn mdip, pocha muilinn Tllaoilo&pain.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cfcpacha a hochc. Ctn naomaD bliaDain Do Chonall 1 DO Cheallach. TTlaincheni, abb TTleanaDpoichic, DO ecc. lomaipecc Cuile
' ' Dun-Crimhthainn. — This was the name of a fort situated on the Hill of Howth, to the north of the city of Dublin — See note h, under A. D. 9, p. 92, supra. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is mentioned under the year 649, as fol- lows:
"A. D. 649. Bellum Duin Cremthainn, in quo cecidit Oengus mac Domhnaill, filii Maelcobo .i. Cellach et Conall Gael, viclores erant: Mors Cathusaig mic Domhnaill Brie."
d Mill of Maelodhran. — Connell Mageoghegan, in his translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, states that this mill is near Mullingar :
" A. D. 648. The two sons of Hugh Slane, Donogh and Conell, were killed by the Lynster- men, near Mollingare, in the mill of Oran, called Mollen-Oran."
The place where this mill stood is still well known, and is called Muilleann-Odhrain, anglice Mullenoran. It is situated near Lough Owel, in the parish of Portnashangan, in the county of Westmeath, where there was a mill till about the middle of the last century.
The killing of these sons of Blathmac is men- tioned in the Annals of Ulster at 650, and in the Annals of Tighernach at 651, which is the true year — See a short article on the Antiquity of Corn in Ireland in the Dublin P. Journal, vol. i. p. 108-110, where the Editor published this passage. .
e Wheat — In the Annals of Tighernach the reading is : "a riiuilino cia po melc, mop DO cuipino. Ah mill ! what hast thou ground ? Great thy wheat."
646.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
203
to God and to St. Ciaran ; and he gave three maledictions (i. e. curses) to that king whose people should take even a drink of water there. Wherefore Diar- maid ordered his burial-place at Cluain-mic-Nois.
The Age of Christ, 646. The seventh year of Conall and Ceallach. The battle of Dun-Crimhthainnc [was gained] by Conall and Ceallach, the two sons of Maelcobha, over Aenghus, son of Dorahnall ; and Aenghus was slain in this battle ; and there was also slain in this same battle Cathasach, son of Domhnall Breac. Maelcobha, son of Fiachna, son of Deman, King of Ulidia, was slain by Congal Ceannfoda, son of Dunchadha.
The Age of Christ, 647. The eighth year of Conall and Ceallach. Duh- chadh and Conall, two sons of Blathmac, son of Aedh Slaine, were slain by the Leinstermen, in the mill-race of the mill of Maelodhrand, son of Dima Cron. Marcan and Maelodhran mortally wounded the two ; of which Maelodhran said:
0 mill ! which grindedst much of wheat8 ;
It was not grinding oatsf thou wert, when thou didst grind the seed of Cear-
bhall.
The grain which the mill has ground is not oats, but red wheat, With the scions of the great tree* Maelodhran's mill was fed.
The Age of Christ, 648. The ninth year of Conall and Ceallach. Main-, cheni, Abbot of Meanadrochith, died. The battle of Cuil-corra', by Aeldeith
' Grinding oats — In the Annals of Tighernach the reading is : "ni po coimelc pop peppuino, upo tnelc pop UiB Ceapouill," which is the true reading.
g The great tree. — This great tree was Cearbhall. In the Annals of Tighernach the reading is : " lp oipojla in cpuinn maip poca oo thuilmo a ITIailoopain."
For a historical dissertation on the antiquity of mills in Ireland, see the Ordnance Memoir of the Parish of Templemore, County of London- derry, p. 215; and Petrie's History and Anti- quities of Tara Hill, pp. 1 38-1 4 1 . The first mill ever erected in Ireland was placed on the stream of Nith, now the River Gabhra, near Tara, by King Cormac Mac Art, in the third century.
Its site is still pointed out, and neart'its sites stands the modern mill of Lisnamullen.
h Meanadroichit. — For the situation of this place see note ", under the year 600, p. 225, supra. In the Annals of Ulster these entries are given under the year 651, as follows :
"A. D. 651. Dormitatio Maencha iu abbot in Menodrochit. Imaric Guile coire, in qua cecidit Culene mac Forindain. Maeldeich et Onchu victores Brant."
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise the death of " Manchynus, Abbot of Menadrochat," is entered under the year 649, which is certainly antedated.
1 Cuil-corra : i. e. the Corner or Angle of the Weir or Dam, now Coolarn, near Galtrim, in the county of Meath.
264 aNNdta Rio^hachca eiReawn. [649.
coppa pia nQoloeir -] pia nOncoin, DU in po mapbaoh Cillne, mac popannam, coipech Ua bpcnlje. Cugarhna, mac Suibne, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo cfrpacha anaoi. Qn oeachmab blia&am Do Chonall 1 DO Cheallach. S. Cponan TTlaighe bile Oecc, an peachcmab la Do mi Qujupc. Cach aipcip Sheola, i Connachcaib, pia cCennpaolab.mac Colgain, 1 pia TTIaonach, mac baoicin, coipech Ua mbpiuin, in po mapbab TTlapcan, mac Uoimeine, coipec Ua TTlaine. pfpgup mac Domnaill, -) pfpjuj", mac l?ajallai j, -| Qooh bfrpa, mac Cuimmine, Do rhapbaD la hUib Piachpach CtiDne. Qooh T?6in, mac TTlaoilcoba, Decc. TTlaelDoiD, mac Suibne, plaic TTliDe, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD caojac. Qn caonmaD bliaDam Decc Do Chonall ~\ Do Chellach. Qiccen, abb Uipe Da jlap, Decc. Cailcen 6 Lochpa Decc. Cach pifpcaijj pia cCpunnmaol, mac Suibne, coipech Cenel Gojain, aipm in po mapbaD Cumapcach, mac Oiliolla, coipech Ua Cperhramn. Cpumomaol Gpbuilgj, mac T?onam, coipech Laijfn Ofpgabaip, Decc. S. bfpaib, abb Duiblinne, Do ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD caoja a haon. Qn Dapa blia&am Decc Do Chonall 1 DO Cheallach. S. Qeohlujj, mac Cummain, abb Cluana mic Noip, [oecc] an 26 pebpuapn.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD caoccac a Do. Qn cpeap blia&am Decc Do na piojaib pempaibce. S. Colman, eppcop, mac Qicelouib, abb Cluana hlopaipo, Decc 8 pebpuapn. S. Oippene poca, ab Cluana hlopaipo, Decc TTlan 1°. S. Oa- chua Luachpa, abb pfpna, Decc.
k Magh-Ule. — Now Movilla, in the county of province of Connaught, was slain, and Cean-
Down. " A. D. 547. Cronan of Moville, died." foyle mac Colgan, and Moynagh, son of Bwy-
— Ann. Clon. hyn, had the upper hand." — Ann. Clon.
1 Airtfier-Seola : i. e. the eastern side or part m Fearghus, son of Domhnall. — " A. D. 653.
of Magh-Seola, a plain included in the present Jugulatio Fergusi mic Domhnaill, Ferguso mic
barony of Clare, in the county of Galway. In Eogaillnig, et Aedo Bedri et Cumineni." — Ann.
the Annals of Ulster this battle is noticed under Ult.
the year 652, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise " Maeldoid. — " A. D. 650. Moyledoy mac
at 649, thus : Swyne, King of Meath, died." — Ann. Clon.
" A. D. 652. Bellum Connacht, in quo cecidit ° Aithchen. — " A. D. 655. Mors Maelaichlein
Marcan, jttius Tomaini." — Ann. Ult. Tire-da-glass." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 649. The battle of Connaught, wherein " A. D. 652. Aihgionn, Abbot of Tierdaglass,
Marcan mac Tomayn, Prince of Imain, in the and Cailkine of Lohra, died." — Ann. Clon.
049-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 265
and Onchu, where Cillene, son of Forannan, chief of Ui-Failghe [Offaly], was slain. Cugamhna, son of Suibhne, died.
The Age of Christ, 649. The tenth year of Conall and Ceallach. St. Cro- nan of Magh-bilek died on the seventh day of the month of August. The battle of Airther-Seola1, in Connaught, by Ceannfaeladh, son of Colgan and Maenach, son of Baeithin, chief of Ui-Briuin, in which was slain Marcan, son of Toimen, chief of Ui-Maine. Fearghus, son of Domhnallm, and Fearghus, son of Eagh- allach, and Aedh Beathra, son of Cuimin, were killed by the Ui-Fiachrach- Aidhne. Aedh Eoin, son of Maelcobha, died. Maeldoid", son of Suibhne, chief of Meath, died.
The Age of Christ, 650. The eleventh year of Conall and Ceallach. Aith- chen°, Abbot of Tir-da-ghlas [Terryglass], died. Cailcen, of Lothra, died. The battle of Fleascachp, by Crunnmael, son of Suibhne, chief of Cinel-Eoghain, in which was slain Cumascach, son of Oilioll, chief of Ui-Cremhthainn. Crunn- mael'1 Erbuilg, son of Eonan, chief of South Leinsterr, died. St. Bearaidh, Abbot of Duibhlinn8, died.
The Age of Christ, 651. The twelfth year of Conall and Ceallach. St. Aedhlug', son of Cummain, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, [died] on the 26th of February.
The Age of Christ, 652. The thirteenth year of the kings aforesaid. St. Colman™, the bishop, son of Aiteldubh, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard], died on the 8th of February. St. Oissene Fota, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird, died on the 1st of May. St. Dachu Luachra, Abbot of Fearna [Ferns], died.
p Fkascach. — Not identified. In the Annals " Duibhlinn. — Now Dublin, but it was origi-
of Ulster this battle is called " Bellum Cumas- nally the name of the estuary of the River Liffey.
caig," thus: — See note «, under. A. D. 291, p. 122, supra.
"A. D. 655. Bellum Cumascaig mic Ailello, * Aedhlug — " A. D. 651. Quies Aidlogo mic
in quo" [ilk, i.e. Cumascach] "cecidit; Cruinn- Comain Abbas Cluana mic Nois." — Ann. Ult. mael mac Suibne victor erat." " Colman, the bishop, fyc. — "A. D. 653. Colman
11 Crunnmael. — " A. D. 655. Mors Crunmnail Epixcopus mac Cudelduib, et Ossene Fota, duo
Erbuilc, micRona,m,regi$Lageniensium." — Ann, Ablates Cluana Iraird, obierunt. Ducua? Locre
Ult. abbas Fernann, quievit." — Ann. Ult.
' South Leinster. — Laighin Deasgabhair. This " A. D. 651. Colman, Bishop, mac Vihelly,
was the name of the country of the Ui-Ceinn- and Ossynie Foda, two abbots of Clonarde, died
sealaigh, for the extent of which see note under in one year. Dachwa Lwachra, abbot of Femes
A. D. 1183. died."-wl7m. Clon*
2M
266
[654.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo caoccac a cfcaip. Ct cuig Decc Do Chonalli DO Cheallach. S. Nem TTlac Ua 6ipn, .1. comapba Gnne Qipne, DO ecc 14 luni. Suibne, mac Cuipcpe, abb lae, Decc. Coincenn Cille Sleb'e Decc. Cach Oelenn, aipm map mapbao UlaolDoio mac Conaing.
Goip Cpiopc, pe ceo caoccac a cuicc. Qn peipeaD bliaDain Decc Do Chonall-) DO Chetlach. S. TTlocaorhocc, abb Lech moip, Decc an cpeap la Decc DO TTlhapca. Upi bliahna Decc ap ceirpe ceo poD a paojoil, arhail Deapbup in pann :
Saojat TTlocaomocc Leic, nocha cealac cpeoin na cpeich, Upi btiaDna Decc ceicpe ceD, ni baojal ni hiomaip bpeg.
w St. Nem. — " A. D. 654. Nem Macu-Brin pausat." — Ann. UU.
* Enne, of Ara : i. e. St. Endeus or Eany of Aranmore, an island in the Bay of Gal way. The church of this saint was situated at the small village of Killeany, on this island. — See Col- gan's Ada SS., p. 714, and Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar-Connavght, p. 74, et seq.
y Suibhne. — " A. D. 656. Obitus Suibnii mic Cuirtri, abbatis Ice." — Ann. UU.
" A. D. 553. Swyne mac Cwirtre, Abbot of Hugh" [lona], " died."— Ann. Clon.
•' Cill-Sleibhe : i. e. Cill-Sleibhe-Cuillinn, now Killeavy, situated at the foot of Slieve Gullion, near Newry, in the county of Armagh. — See note p, under the year 517, p. 168, supra. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise the death of this Coinnchenn is entered under the year 634.
" Delenn. — This is probably Telenn, in the west of the county of Donegal. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is entered under the year 656:
" A. D. 656. Bdlum Delend, in quo interfectus est Maeldeut mac ConailL"
11 Mochaemhog — Called in Latin Pulcherius. His death is entered in -the Annals of Ulster under A. D. 655. Colgan has published a Life of this saint at 13th March, from the Codex Kilkenniensis, from which it appears that his
father, Beoan, who was of the Conmaicne of Connaught, fled to Munster, and settled in Ui-Conail Gabhra in Munster, where he mar- ried Nessa (the sister of the celebrated St. Ita, of Killeedy, in the present county of Limerick), who became the mother of this saint. His first name was Coemghin, but St. Ita afterwards changed this to Mochaemhog, which the writer of his life interpreted " Meus pulcher juvenis."
" Unde meruit Beoanus ut haberet talem filium, qui coram Deo et hominibus magnus erit, cujus memoria erit in seternum. Et ad- didit, dicens; ipse erit pulcher et senex. Inde dederunt ei nomen primum .i. Coemhghin : sed hoc nomen evertit ipsa Sancta Dei" [Ita] " vo- cans eum per dilectionem nomine, quo vulgo nominatur .i. Mochoemog : quod latine dicitur meus pulcher juvenis." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 590
The principal church of this saint, called Liath-mor, or Liath-Mochaemhog, is described in the gloss to the Feilire-Aenguis, as in the southern Ely, in Munster. It is now called Liath Mochaemhog (anglice Leamokevoge), and is situated in the parish of Two-Mile-Burris, in the barony of Elyogarty, and county of Tippe- rary. This barony was anciently called the territory of South Ely (Gile oeipctpc) to dis- tinguish it from Ely-O'Carroll, which is in- cluded in the present King's County. The
654.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
267
The Age of Christ, 654. The fifteenth year of Conall and Ceallach. St. Nemw Mac Ua-Birn, successor of Enne, of Arax, died on the 14th of June. Suibhne5", son of Cuirtre, Abbot of la, died. Coincenn, of Cill-Sleibhez, died. The battle of Delenna, in which Maeldoid, son of Conaing, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 655. The sixteenth year of Conall and Ceallach. St. Mochaemhogb, Abbot of Liath-mor, died on the third day of March. Thir- teen years and four hundred was the length of his life, as this quatrain proves :
The age of Mochaemhog of Liath, which the great or poor deny not, Thirteen years four hundred", without danger, without exaggeration.
ruins of two churches, one of which is of great antiquity, are now to be seen at Liath-Mocho- emhog, but the saint's festival is no longer kept or scarcely known in the parish. There is ano- ther church called Cill TTlocaemojj, from this saint, in the barony of Ida, and county of Kil- kenny; but the peasantry are beginning to corrupt it to Kill-Ivory, from a false notion that Caemhog denotes ivory.' Colgan's valuable note on the signification of the name of this saint is well worth the attention of the reader, and the Editor is tempted to lay the whole of it before him in this place :
" Meus pulcher juvenis, fyc. Pro his et aliis similibus intelligendis adverte tria ; Primum quod dictio Hibernica coemh. prout veteres scri- bunt, sen, ut hodie scribitur caomh, idem sit quod pulcher, speciosus, vel delectans, et gein idem quod genitus vel natus, ita ut Coemhghein, idem sit quod pulcher genitus, seu natus. 2, Quod mo, idem sit quod mi vel metis; estque particula indicans affectum possessionem vel observantiam rei cui prasfigitur. Unde apud Priscos Hibernos prsefigebatur et conjungebatur nominibus pro- priis, maxime sanctorum, ita quod ex utraque coalesceret una dictio, quae postea in nomen proprium cedebat. Quando autem nomen istud incipiebat a vocali tune littera o elisa, litera m jungebatur vocali sequent!. Tertium quod quod oc vel og, an, en, et in in fine dictionum apud
2 M
Hibernos maxime priscos indicent quandam diminutionem, seu nomina desinentia, saltern propria esse diminutiva. Ex his contingit eandem numero personam in nostris Hagiolo- giis aliisque historiis variis secundum apparen- tiam nominibus appellari,v.g.idem.Lua,.Ltta«ws, Molna, Moluanus scribitur. Item Cuanus, Mo- chuanus, Erninus, Ernenus, Ernanus, Mernanus, et Mernocus; Etiinus, Meltinus, et Melteocus Di- manus, Modhimocus; Lochinus, Lochenus, Loch-' anus. Et ad propositubi nostrum idem Mochoe- mocus, Mochoemogus, Coemanus, et respiciendo ad vocis significationem Pidcherius, quam ap- pellationem quia facilior et latinis gratior dux- imus plerumque in hac vita retinendam, licet in vetusto Codice cujus autigraphum habemus sanctus hie passim vocetur Mochoemhoc." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 596, n. 9.
0 Four hundred, ceirpe ceo. — This is clearly a mistake for ap coeih c6o, above one hundred ; but with whom it originated it would be now difficult to determine. Colgan has the following remarks upon it :
" Sed hie obviandum duxi insulso lapsui cujusdam anonimi, qui ad Marianum in margine addit quendam versum Hibernicum, qui alios traxit in errorem : quo nempe indicat S. Mo- choemocum vixisse annis 14 supra quadrin- gintos, ubi meo judicio debuit scribere sitpra centum, &c." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 509.
2
268
[656.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo caoccac a pe. 3. Ullcan Tllac Hi Concobaip, 6 Qpo bpfccam, Decc an cfcparhab la DO Sepcembep, mpp an ochcmoccac bliaDam ap cfc a aoiyi.
lap mbfic peachc mbtia&na Oecc op Gpmn DO Chonall -] Do Cheallach, Da mac TTlaoilcoba, mic Clooha, mic Qinmipech, DO cfp Conall la Oiapmaic, mac QoDha Slaine, -\ acbail Ceallach i mbpuj TTlic an Og. blacmac, mac TTlaoilcoba, pf Ula6, a ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD caoccac a peachc. Qn ceD blia&ain Do Oiapmaic 1 DO blachmac, Da mac QoDha Slaine, mic DiapmaDa, mic pfpgupa Cepp- beoil, i pighe nGpeann. Ceallach, mac Sapctin, abb Ochna moipe, Decc. TTlochua, mac Londin, Decc. Ounchao, mac QoDha Slaine, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD caoccar a hochc. Qn Dapa blia6am DoDiajimaic 1 DO blarmac. Oioma Dub, eppcop Conoejie, Deg an 6 lanuapn. Cummine, eppcop nQonopoma, Decc. 8. Sillan, eppcop Oaiminpi, Decc an 17 Tllan. 6ochai6, mac blairmic, mic Qo6a Slaine, Decc. Qilill, mac Ounchaoa, mic Qoba Slaine, Decc. Conall Cpannoannna Decc. Gojan, mac Cuacalam, Decc. paolan, coipech Opnaiji, Do mapbaD la Laijmb.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceD caoccac anaoi. Qn cpeap bliaoam DO Oiapmaic 1 DO blacmac. Oenmel, eppcop CinngapaD, Decc an 18 pebpuapn. piondn
d St. UlUan. — In the Annals of Clonmacnoise the death of Ultan, son of OHJonnor, is entered under 653, but in the Annals of Ulster, "Obitus Ultain mic U-Concubair," is entered twice, first under the year 656, and again under 662, " secundum alium librum." The Annotations of Tirechan on the Life of St. Patrick, are stated in the Book of Armagh (fol. 16), to have been taken from the mouth of Ultanus, first Bishop of thfe Conchubrenses, i. e. of the Dal Conchu- bhair of Ardbraccan. The festival of this saint is set down in the Feilire-Aenguis, and in O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 4th September. It is remarked in the latter that he educated and fed with his own hands all the children who were without education in Ireland, and that he was one hundred and eighty-nine years old when he resigned his spirit to heaven in the
year 656.
"Ard-Breacain: i. e. Breacan's Height, or hill, now Ardbraccan, the diocesan seat of the Bishop of Meath, about three miles from the town of Navan, in the county of Meath. This place derived its name from St. Breacan, who erected a church here, before the time of St. Ulltan, but afterwards fixed his principal es- tablishment at Templebraccan, on the Great Island of Aran, in the Bay of Gal way, where his festival was celebrated on the 1st of May.
' Brugh-Mic-an- Og : i. e. the Brugh, or Fort of Aenghus Og, commonly called Aenghus an Bhrogha, son of Daghda, King of the Tuatha De Dananns. This place is situated near Stack- allan Bridge, near the village of Slane, in the county of Meath. — See Book of Lecan, fol. 279, p. b. In the Annals of Ulster, "Mors Ceallaigh
\,
656.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
269
The Age of Christ, 656. St. UlltandMac-Ui-Conchobhair, of Ard-Breacaine, died on the fourth day of September, after [completing] the one hundred and eightieth year of his reign.
After Conall and Ceallach, the two sons of Maelcobha, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, had been seventeen years over Ireland, Conall was slain by Diarmaid, son of Aedh Slaine ; and Ceallach died at Brugh-Mic-an-Og5. Blathmac, son of Maelcobha, King of Ulidia, died.
The Age of Christ, 657. The first year of Diarmaid and Blathmac, two sons of Aedh Slaine, son of Diarmaid, son of Fearghus Cerrbheoil, in the sove- reignty of Ireland. Ceallach, son of Saran, Abbot of Othan-morg, died. Mochua, son of Lonan, died. Dunchadh, son of Aedh Slaineh, died.
The Age of Christ, 658. The second year of Diarmaid and Blathmac. Dima Dubh', Bishop of Conner, died on the 6th of January. Cummine, Bishop of Aendruim [Nendrum, in Loch Cuan] , died. St. Sillan, Bishop of Daimhinisk, died on the 17th of May. Eochaidh, son of Blathmac1, son of Aedh Slaine, died. Ailillm, son of Dunchadh, son of Aedh Slaine, died. Conall Cranndamhna", died. Faelan0, chief of Osraighe, was slain by the Leinstermen.
The Age of Christ, 659. The third year of Diarmaid and Blathmac. Da- niel, Bishop of Ceann-garadhp, died on the 18th of February. Finanq, son of
mic Maelcobo" is noticed under the year 657, but no mention is made of the killing of Conall.
*0than-mor. — NowFahan, near Lough S willy, in the barony of Inishowen, and county of Do- negal.
h Dunchadh, son of Aedh Slaine.—" A. D. 658. Duncat, mac Aedo Slaine, mortuus est." — Ann. UK.
' Dima Dvbh. — " A. D. 558. Dimmaingert, Episcopus Condire, et Cummine, Episcopus n-Aendroma, mortui sunt." — Ann. Ult.
k Daimhinis: i.e. Devenish, in Lough Erne, near the town of Enniskillen, in the county of Fermanagh.
1 Eochaidh, son of Blathmac.—" A. D. 659- Mart Echdach mic Blaithmicc." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 656. Eaghagh mac Blathmac, son of King Hugh Slane, died." — Ann. Clon.
™AiW, $c.— " A. D. 656. Aillill, macDonogh, mac Hugh Slane, died." — Ann. Clon.
" Conall Cranndamhna — " A. D. 659- Conall Crannamna moritur." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 656. Conell Cranndawna died." — Ann. Clon.
" Faelan, chief of Osraighe — " A. D. 656. Foylan, King of Ossorie, was killed by the Lynstermen." — Ann. Clon.
P Ceann-garadh. — This church is described in the Feilire-Aenguis; at 10th August, as in Gallgaedhela, in Alba or Scotland. Three saints of this place are set down in O'Clery's Irish Calendar; 1. Daniel, Bishop, at 1 8th February ; 2. Colum, at 1st March ; and 3. Blaan, at 10th
August See also Colgan's Acta Sanctorum,
p. 234.
' Finan, $c.—" A. D. 659. Obitus Finnani,
270
Rio§hachca
[660.
mac l?imfba, eppcop, Decc. Colman ^linne Da locha Decc an Dapa la Do Oecembep.
Cloip Cpiopc, pe ceo peapccac. Qn cffpamab bliabam Do Oiapmair ~\ DO blacmac. 8. Caibgfno, mac baoich, 6 Cluain pfpca TTlolua, 065 an 12 lanuapn. Conaing Ua Oamc, abb Imlecha lobaip, Decc. lomaipecc i nOjam- ain, oc Cinn Copbaoam, la mumcip Oiapmaca, mic QoDha Slaine, .1. Oncu, mac Sapdin, 1 TTlaolmiolchon,-] Cacupach, mac Gimme, pop blachmac, mac Ctooha Slaine, maijfn in po mapbab Conaing, mac Conjaile, mic Qoba Slaine, -] Ullran, mac Gpname, coipech Ciannachca, -\ Cennpaolab, mac 5^]1C1D1' coipech Ciarioacca CtpDDa, -] paolchu mac ITlaeleumha.
TTIaoloviin, mac Clooha benndin, Oecc. TTlaonach, mac pingin, pi TTluman, oecc. TTlaelouin, mac pupabpain, coipech Ouplaip, Decc. TTlaolpuacoij, mac Gpnaine, coipech Cianoacca, Do mapbab. S. Uomene, mac l?onam, eppcop Gpoa TTlacha, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo pepccac a haon. Qn cdicceaD bliabam Do Oiap- maic i blacmac. 8. Cummine PODO, mac piachna, eppcop Cluana pfpca
Episcopi, filii Eimedo ; et Colman Glinne da locha quievit ; et Daniel Episcopus Cinngarad." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 656. Fynian mac Eivea Bushop, died. Colman of Glendalogha died ; and Daniel, Bu- shop of Kingarie, died." — Ann. Clon.
r Laidhgeann. — " A. D. 660. Conainn, nepos Daint, abbas Imlecho Ibair, et Laidggenn sapiens, mac Baith Bannaig, defuncti sunk" — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 657. Conyng O'Dynt, abbot of Im- leagh-Iver, died." — Ann. Clon.
The festival of this Laidhgenn is set down in the Feilire- Aenguis and all the Irish Martyrolo- gies, at 12th January — See Colgan's Acta SS., p. 57, and p. 58, n. 9- It is stated in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, that he died in 660, and was buried at Cluain-fearta-Molua [now Clonfert- mulloe or Kyle, at the foot of Slieve Bloom, in Upper Ossory].
* Ogamhain at Ceann-Corbadain.-Not identified.
"A. D. 661. Bettum Ogomain, ubi ceciderunt Conaing mac Congaile, et Ul tan -mac Ernaine,
rex Cianachte, et Cennfaelad mac Gertride. Blamac mac Aedo victus est." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 658. The battle of Ogawyn at Kin- corbadan, where Conaing mac Kenoyle, mac Hugh Slane, was killed, and Ultan mac Ernany, King of Kynnaghty; in which battle King Blathmack was quite overthrown by the army of Dermot mac Hugh Slane ; Onchowe mac Saran" [Moylmilchon and Cahasagh mac Evin] " were the principal actors." — Ann. Clon.
1 Maddidn.—" A. D. 658. Moyldwyne, son of Hugh Beannan, died." — Ann. Clon.
This Maelduin fought in the battle of Magh- Rath on the side of the Monarch Domhnall, son of Aedh — See Battk ofMagh Rath, pp. 22, 23, 278.
" Maenach " A. D. 661. Maenach mac
Fingin, mic Aedh Duib, mic Crimthainn, mic Feidlimid, mic Aengusa, mic Nadfraich, rex Human, mortuus est." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 658. Moynagh mac Fynin, King of Mouuster, died." — Ann. Clon.
660.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
271
Rimeadh, a bishop, died. Colman, of Gleann-da-locha, died on the second day of December.
The Age of Christ, 660. The fourth year of Diarmaid and Blathmac. St. Laidhgeannr, son of Baeth, of Cluain-fearta-Molua, died on the 12th of January. Conaing Ua Daint, Abbot of Imleach Ibhair [Emly], died. A battle [was gained] at Ogamhain, at Ceann-Corbadain8, by the people of Diarmaid, son of Aedh Slaine, namely, Onchu, son of Saran, Maelmilchon, and Cathasach, son of Eimhin, over Blathmac, son of Aedh Slaine, in which were slain Conaing, son of Conall, son of Aedh Slaine ; Ulltan, son of Ernaine, chief of Cianachta ; Ceannfaeladh, son of Geirtidi, chief of Cianachta- Arda ; and Faelchu, son of Maelumha.
Maelduin*, son of Aedh Beannan, died. Maenach", son of Finghin, King of Munster, died. Maelduin, son of Furadhran", chief of Durlas*, died. Mael- fuataighy, son of Ernaine, chief of Cianachta, was slain. St. Tomene7', son of Ronan, Bishop of Ard-Macha [Armagh], died.
The Age of Christ, 661. The fifth year of Diarmaid and Blathmac. St. Cummine Foda", son of Fiachna, Bishop of Cluainfearta-Breanainn[Clonfert],
" Maelduin, son ofFuradhran — "A. D. 661. Socius Diarmodo Maelduin mac Furudrain, mic Becce, mortuus est." — Ann. Ult.
1 Durlas. — This, which is otherwise written Derlas or Dearlas, was the name of a fort and district in the county of Antrim — See note *, under A. D. 1215, p. 187.
' Maelfuataigh " A. D. 661. Jugulatio Mael-
fuathaig, filii Ernani." — Ann. UU.
* St. Tomene. — " A. D. 660. Tommene, Epis- copus Ardmachce, defunctus est." — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 657. Tomyn, Abbot and Bushop of Ardmach, died." — Ann. Clon.
Colgan has collected all that is known of this prelate in his Acta Sanctorum, at 10th January, pp. 53, 54. It is said that he was the most learned of his countrymen, in an age most fruit- ful of learned men, — See Bede, lib. ii. c. 19 ; Ussher's Primord., p. 936 ; and Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, pp. 39, 40.
• Cummine Foda : i. e. Cummine the Long or
Tall. "A. D. 661. Anno Ixxii. etatis Cummeni Foda, et Saran nepos Certain Sapientis, dormie- runt." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 658. Comyn Foda, in the 72nd year of his age, died. St. Saran mac Cridan (Supun 6 chij Sapain), died." — Ann. Clon.
The festival of Cummine Foda, who was born in the year 592 (Ussher, Primord., p. 972), is marked in the Feilire-Aenguis, and the O'Clerys' Irish Calendar at 12th November. He was of the tribe of Eoghanacht Locha Lein in Kerry. Colgan has the following note upon him in his Annotatiqns on the Life of St. Molagga, at 20th January, Acta Sanctorum, p. 149, n. 7:
" S. Cominus Fada sen Longus, c. 3. Fuit vir celebratse sanctitatis et genere illustrissimo : fuit enim filius Fiachna, filii Fiachrii Occiden- talis Momoniae Principis, discipulus S. Itse ab infantia, postea a Guario filio Colmani Connaciw Eege, et ex parte matris fratre, juxta dicta, n. 4, accersitus in Connaciam, factus ibi est EpiSCopus
272
[662.
bpfnomn, oecc in Dapa la 065 DO Nouembep. Colman Ua Cluapaig, oioe Cummine, po paib na poinnpi :
Ni beip Luimnech pop a opuim, Depil ITluimnech ilLech Cuinn,
TTIapban in noi ba piu DO, Do Cummine mac piachno.
TTla DO reijfoh neach Dap muip, peipeao hi puiDe n5pi5aiP>
THaD a hGpi ni buf Do, inge Cumine PODO.
ITlo curhapa lap cCumine, on lo po poilgeo a ape,
Coi mocuil nip ningaipfb, Oopo gaill mp nofpach a bapc.
S. Colman Ua Cluapaij Oecc. 3. Sapan Ua Cpiocam Oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo pepccac a Do. Qn peipeao bliaoain Do Oiapmair 1 DO blacmac. Sesan TTlac hUf Cuinn, abb bfnDcaip. Cuenocc, mac pion- rain, abb pfpna. InDepcaij eppcop, Oimma eppcop. J5ua'Pe (•'• CtiDne) mac Colmam, pi Connacr Decc. Rob lonann maraip DO ^uaipe -] DO Caim- mine Inpi Celcpa, amail apbfpap :
Cumman, injfn Oallbponaij, maraip Caimmfn ip TTloippeipfp ap peachcmojar, ap peo po gfnaip uaire.
Cluainfertensis, quo munere prasclare functus hac vita piissime defunctus est an. Christ! 661, 2 Decembris" [recte, 12 Novembris] "juxta Annales Dungallenses. Verum S. ^Engussius in suo festilogio, Marianus, et jEngussius auctus dicunt ejus Natalem celebrari 22 Novembris" [recte, 12 Novembris]. "Ejus acta, seu potius panegyricum de eo scripsit S. Colmanus O-CLua- saig ejus magister. Vide ejus genealogiam apud Menologium Genealogicum, c. 34, et plura de ipso in actis Comdhani et Conalli Idiotarum ; in quibus in apographo, quod vidi, inter plura vera, qusedam apochrypha et fabulosa, maxime de S. Declano et Molagga referuntur, &c."
b The Luimneach — This was the old name of the Lower Shannon. These verses, which are very obscure, seem to allude to the fact of St. Cummine Foda having died in Munster, and his body having been conveyed in a boat up the Shannon to his episcopal church of Clonfert, in the county of Gal way, to be there interred. Dr.
O'Conor says that his Acts, written in Irish metre by his tutor, O'Seasnain, who died in 661 [665], are extant in an old vellum manuscript in the Stowe Library.
0 Colman Ua Cluasaigh — He was the tutor of St. Cummine Foda, and the author of the panegyric just referred to. — See O'Reilly's Ca- talogue of Irish Writers, p. 45.
d Saran. — He is the patron saint of Tisaran, in the barony of Garrycastle, in the King's County — See note s, under the year 1541, p. 1461.
e Segan " A. D. 662. Quies Segain mice
U Chuind, Abbotts Bennchair. Mors Guaire Aidhne. Tuenog, jttius Fintain, Abbas Fernann ; Indercach Episcopus, Dim&Episcopus quiescunt." — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 659. Segan Mac Ikwind, Abbot of Beanchor, •'died. Tuenoc, Abbot of Femes, Dearky, and Dima, two Bishops, died." — Ann. Clon.
662.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 273
died .on the twelfth day of November. Colman-Ua-Clasaigh, the tutor of Cum- mine, composed these verses :
The Luimneachb did not bear on its bosom, of the race of Munster, into Leath-
Chuinn,
A corpse in a boat so precious as he, as Cummine, son of Fiachna. If any one went across the sea, to sojourn at the seat of Gregory [Rome], If from Ireland, he requires no more than the mention of Cumine Foda. I sorrow after Cumine, from the day that his shrine was covered ; My eyelids have been dropping tears ; I have not laughed, but mourned since
the lamentation at his barque.
St. Colman Ua Cluasaigh", died. St. Sarand Ua Critain died.
The Age of Christ, 662. The sixth year of Diarmaid and Bkthmac. Segane Mac hUi-Chuinn, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor] ; Tuenog, son of Fin tan, Abbot of Fearna; Indearcaigh, a bishop; Dimma, a bishop; Guaire' (i.e. Aidhne), son of Colman, King of Connaught, died. Guaire and Caimin, of Inis-Cealtrag, had the same mother, as is said :
Cumman, daughter of Dallbronachh, was the mother of Caimin and Guaire ; Seven and seventy was the number born of her.
' Guaire — This King of Connaught, who is so Connaught, of Crimhthann, son of Aedh, King of
celebrated by the Irish poets for his unbounded Leinster, and of Cuanna, son of Cailchine, chief of
hospitality and munificence, is the common an- Fermoy See Ada Sanctorum, p. 148, n. 4. In
cestor of the families of O'Heyne, O'Clery, Mac the Life of St. Caimin, at 24th March, Colgan
Gillakelly, and other families of Aidhne, in the states that Caimin and Guaire were half bro-
county of Galway ; but not of O'Shaughnessy, thers, and quotes the above passage from the
as is usually asserted. — See Genealogies, Tribes, Four Masters, as follows : #c., of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 54 ; and the Genealo- " Fratrem habuit germanum Guarium, fyc. Ita
gical Table in the same work. Quatuor Magistri in Annalibus ad annum 662,
* Inii-Cealtra. — See note a, under 548, p. 187, dicentes : Guarius Adhnensis', jttius Colmani, Rex
supra. Colgan says that the name of the mother Connacue obiit. Cumania filia Dalbronii fuit
of Guaire Aidhne was Mugania ; but he quotes mater ipsius et S. Camini de Inis-Keltra : de qua
the tract on the Mothers of the Irish Saints, vetus author scribit Cumania filia Dalbronii,
written by Aengus Ceile De, in which she is mater Camini et Guarii : et ex ejus semine
called Eima filia Fiacha, and in which it is prodiisse feruntur septuaginta septem utique
stated that she was the mother of Cumine sancti, ut colligitur ex Vita S. Forannani data
Foda; of Comdan mac Chearda, of Brecan, of 15 Februarii." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 747.
Dairinis, of Guaire, sou of Colman, King of h Daughter of Dallbronach There was a
2N
274
[663.
Conatl i Colccu, od mac Dorhnaill, mic Gooha, mic Ginmipech, DO map- bab la CeippcfnD.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peapccac acpi. Qn peaccmab bliabain Do Oiap- maic ~\ Do blaumac. baocan, TTlac Ua Copbmaic, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Oo Conmaicnib mapa a cenel. Combdn mac Cucheanne, bfpach, ab bfiiDcaip, Cfpnach Socal, mac Oiapmacca, mic Qo6a Sldme, oecc (imaille pip an nopuirij pempdice) DO mopclab cuapgaib i nGpinn hi Itallainn Qugupc na bliabnapa hi TTluijh locha, hi pocapcaib.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo peapccac acfcaip. TTlopclab abbal Do beich in nGpinn in bliabainpi Da ngoipa an 6ui6e Connaill, i po ecpar in Dpong po DO
mound on or near the Hill of Tara called Fossa Dallbronig. — Betham's Antiq. Researches, App. p. xxxiv. This quatrain is quoted from Marian Gorman by Colgan, in a note to the Life of St. Faraman at 15th February (Ada Sanctorum, p. 339, n. 17), where he translates it :
" Ex solo semine Cuimine, fyc. Aliis Cumaine, fuit filia Dalbronii, et Soror Brothsechse, matris S. Brigidaj, fceminse ob progeniem numerosam et sanctam, nostris hystoriis, valde celebratam : in quibus lego septuaginta septem Sanctorum albo adscriptos, ex semine prodiisse feminse, juxta vulgatum carmen a Mariano Gormano, ejusve Scholiaste compositum:
" Cumain inghean Dattbronuigh, mathair Chaimin
is Guaire Moirsheiser ar sheacMmogad, aseadh genuir
uaidfie.
Cumania Jttia Dalbronii mater Camini et Gtuarii, Septem et Septuaginta ex ea prodierunt. Ex
ejus nempe semine."
' Conall and Colgu " A. D. 662. Jugulatio
duorum JUiorum Domhnaill filii Aedo .i. Conall, et Colga."— Ann. Ult.
k Baetan "A. D. 663. Baetan maccu Cor-
maicc, abbas Cluano, obiit." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 660. Boyhan Mac Cowcormick died, &c." — Ann. Clon.
1 Conmaicne-mara : i. e. the inhabitants of Connamara, or the barony of Ballynahinch, in the north-west of the county of Galway — See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 46 ; and Har- diman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar-Connaught, pp. 31, 92, &c.
m Comdhan Maccutheanne. — "A. D. 663. Com- gan Maccuitemne obiit." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 660. — Cowgan Maccu thenne died, &c." — Ann. Clon.
He was probably the brother of Muirchu Maccuthennius, who wrote a Life of St. Patrick from the dictation of Aidus, Bishop of Sletty, as stated in the Book of Armagh, fol. 20, b. 1.
" Bearach — " A. D. 663. Berach, abb Benchair, obiit." — Ann. Ult.
0 Cearnach Sotal: i. e. Cearnach, the Arrogant or Haughty. The Annals of Ulster agree in the date of his death with the Four Masters, but the Annals of Clonmacnoise enter it under 660.
p Magh-Itha, in Fotharta. — This was a plain in the barony of Forth, in the south-east of the county of Wexford — See note % under A. M. 2550, p. 8, supra. The first appearance of this plague is noticed in the Annals of Ulster under the year 663, but incorrectly, under 660, in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, as follows :
" A. D. 663. Tenebre in Kalendis Maii in ix.
663.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
275
Conall and Colgu1, two sons of Domhnall, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, were slain by Ceirrceann.
The Age of Christ, 663. The seventh year of Diarmaid and Blathmac. Baetank Mac-Ua-Cormaic, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. He was of the sept of Conmaicne-mara1. Comdhan Maccutheanne"1; Bearach", Abbot of Beann- chair ; Cearnach Sotal0, son of Diarmaid, son of Aedh Slaine, died, together with the aforesaid persons, of a mortality which arose in Ireland, on the Calends of the August of this year, in Magh-Itha, in Fothartap.
The Age of Christ, 664. A great mortality prevailed in Ireland this year, which was called the Buidhe Connail*1, and the following number of the saints
hora, et in eadem estate celum ardescere visum est. Mortalitas in Hibernia pervenit in Kalendis Au- gusti, &c. &c. In campo Ito in Fothart exarsit mortalitas primo in Hibernia. A morte Patricii cciii. Prima nwrtalitas cxii." — Ann. Uti.
" A. D. 660. There was great darkness in the ninth hour of the day, in the month of May, in the Calends, and the firmament seemed to burn, the same summer, with extream heat. There was great mortality through the whole king- dom, which began in Moynith " [in Leinster], " the first of August this year, &c., &c. From the death of St. Patrick to this mortality, there was two hundred and three years." — Ann. Clon.
q Buidhe- Connail. — This term is explained "icteritia vel aurigo, id est abundantia flavae bilis per corpus effusa?, hominemque pallidum reddentis," by Philip O'Sullivan Beare, in his translation of the Life of St. Mochua, of Balla, published, by Colgan (Acta SS., 30th March, p. 790, c. 18). This plague is also mentioned by Bede in his Ecclesiastical History, who writes that, "in the year 664, a sudden pesti- lence" [called the yellow plague] "depopulated the southern coasts of Britain, and afterwards, extending into the province of the Northum- brians, ravaged the country far and near, and destroyed a great multitude of men. He also states that it did no less harm in the island of
2N
Ireland, where many of the nobility and of the lower ranks of the English nation were, at the time, either studying theology or leading monas- tic lives, the Scoti supplying them with food, and furnishing them with books and their teaching gratis. In an ancient Life of St. Gerald of Mayo, published by Colgan at 13th March, this pesti- lence is called in Irish* Budhe Connaill, which is translated Flava Icteritia : " Hsec enim infirmi- tas in hibernico dicitur Budhe Connaill. Hac enim pestilentia mortui sunt tot homines, quod non remansit tertia pars populi." — Acta Sanc- torum, p. 601, c. 13. To this Colgan writes the following note :
"De viris sanctis, Eegibus, multisque aliis hac mortalite extinctis ita scribunt Quatuor Magistri in Annalibus ad annum 664 : Ingens hoc anno fuit in Hibernia mortalitas quse Buidhe Chonnuill (.i. flava Icteritia, sive Ictericiades) vulgo appellatur, qua plurimi ex ckro et populo, et inter olios sequentes sancto extincti sunt: St. Fechinus, Abbas Foveriensis; S. Ronanus filius Berachi ; S. Aileranus cognomento sapiens; S. Cronanus, filius Silnei ; S. Manchanus de Lieth ; S. Ultanus filius Hua Congee, abbas de Cluain- eraird ; S. Colmanus Cassius, Abbas de Cluain- muc-nois ; et S. Cumineus, Abbas de Cluain-muc- nois. Item Dermitius et Blathmacus, duofilii Aidi Slane, postquam annis octo in Hibernia corregna-
2
276
emeaNN.
[665.
naorhaib' Gpeann 01, S. peichm, abb pobaip, 14 pebpuapn, 8. Ronan, mac bfpoij, S. Qilepan mo fjna, 8. Cponan mac Silne, 8. TTlanchan Leche, 8. Ul- can ITlac hUi Cunja, abb Cluana hlopcnpD, 8. Colman Cap, abb Cluana mic Noip, i Cummine abb Cluana mic Noip. lap mbfir ochc mbliaDna i pije nGpeann DO Oiapmaic -\ blacmac, Da mac Qor>ha Sldine, acbaracap Don mopclao cecna. l?o cacaimpfc beop TTlaolbpfpail, mac TTlaeiliDuin, ~| Cu- cenmachaip, pi TDuman. Qonjup UlaD. Gcbailpfc iliomar Decclaip-j Do cuaic i nGpinn Don mopclaiD hipin cenmocacpiDe. Oichgpein an rpeap la DO TTlan.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo pfpccac acuicc. Qn ceiD blia&ain Do Seachnupach, mac blacmaic, hi pighe nGpeann. baeichin, abb bCnocaip, Decc. Qilill piano Gappa, mac Oomnaill, mic Qo&a, mic Qinmipech, Decc. maolcaoich, mac ScanDail, roipech Cpuichne Do pliocr Ip, Decc. GochaiD laplaire, pi
runt, eadem extincti sunt ; Item Maelbressail, jttius Modduini ; Gains, cognomento Ganmathair, Rex Momonias ; Aengussius Ultonice, et prater hos alii innumeri de clero et populo Hibernim interie- runt." — Trias Thaum., p. 603, n. 14. Concerning this mortality, " qua; nostris temporibus terra- rum orbem, bis ex parte vastaverat majore," see Vit. Columb., lib. ii. c. 46, where Adamnan remarks that the Picts and Scoti of Britain were not visited by it.
These obits are entered in the Annals of Ul- ster tinder the year 664, but in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under 661, which is incorrect.
' Fobhar. — Now Fore, in the county of West- meath — See note s, under the year 1176, p. 22.
" On the 14th of February — Dr. 0' Conor says that these words are in a more modern hand in the Stowe copy. St. Fechin of Fore died on the 20th of January, at which day Colgan gives his Life.
* St. Aileran the Wise. — He is supposed by Colgan to be the author of the fourth Life of St. Patrick, published in Trias Thaum., pp. 35 to 47-
" St. Manchan of Liath : i. e. of Liath-Man-
chain, now Lemanaghan, in the barony of Gar- rycastle, King's County. — See note on Tuaim nEirc, A. D. 645, and note on Liath-Manchain, under 1531. The death of St. Manchan is en- tered in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 661, where the translator interpolates the following remark :
" And because the Coworbes of Saint Man- chan say that he was a Welshman, and came to this kingdome at once with" [i. e. along with] " Saint Patrick, I thought good here to sett downe his pedigree to disprove their allegations. Manchan was son of Failve, who was son of Angine, who was son of Bogany, who was son of Conell Golban, the ancestor of O'Donnell, as is confidently laid down among the Genealogies of the Saints of Ireland."
In the Genealogies of the Irish Saints, com- piled by the O'Clerys, there is given the pedigree of a St. Manchan of the race of Conall Gulban, the ancestor of O'Donnell ; but he was not Man- chan of Leath-Manchain, for the pedigree of the latter is traced to Maelcroich, son of Rudhraighe Mor of Ulster.
" Cu-gan-mathair. — See the year 600, where
665.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
277
of Ireland died of it : St. Feichin, Abbot of Fobharr, on the 14th of February8; St. Ronan, son of Bearach ; St. Aileran the Wise'; St. Cronan, son of Silne ; St. Manchan, of Liath" ; St. Ultan Mac hUi-Cunga, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] ; Colman Gas, Abbot of Cluain-mic Nois ; and Cumrnine, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois. After Diarmaid and Blathraac, the two sons of Aedh Slaine, had been eight years in the sovereignty of Ireland, they died of the same plague. There died also Maelbreasail, son of- Maelduin, and Cu-gan-mathairw, King of Munster ; Aenghus Uladh. There died very many ecclesiastics and laics in Ireland of this mortality besides these. An eclipse of the sun* on the third day of May.
The Age of Christ, 665. The first year of Seachnasachy, son of Blathmac, in the sovereignty of Ireland. Baeithin, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died. Ailill Flann Easa, son of Domhnall, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, died. Mael- caeich, son of Scannal, chief of the Cruithne [of Dal-Araidhe] of the race of Ir,
the Four Masters have incorrectly noticed the death instead of the birth of this king. In the Life of St. Molagga, published by Colgan at the 20th of March, the name of this king is written Caigan mathair, which Colgan translates vagitus seufletus sine matre ; and the writer of the Life states that he was so called because his mother died at his birth. In the Annals of Ulster, ad ann. 664, he is called Cu-cen-mathair, as above in the text, which may be translated Cam's sine matre.
1 An eclipse of the sun. — This eclipse of the sun, which really happened on the 1st of May, 664, is mentioned by Bede in his Ecclesiastical History, lib. iii. c. 27, where he says that it happened in the year 664, on the 3rd of May, about ten o'clock in the morning. In the Saxon Chronicle it is noticed under 664, as having happened on the fifth, before the Nones of May. In the Annals of Ulster and the An- nals of Tighernach it is noticed under the year 663, on which Dr. O'Conor writes the following remark in the Annals of Ulster, p. 55 :
"Annales Anglo- Saxonici, Beda, Flor. Wigorn.
et alii antiqui ac recentiores, in hac Eclrpsi en- arranda, duobus vel tribus diebus a veritate Astronomica aberrarunt. Tigernach, et Annales Ultonienses non solum diem, sed etiam horam ad unguem designant. V. Dissert. Prajlim. IV. Magistri ad ann. 664, inquiunt Dithgrein an treas la do Mai" [Eclipsis solis die tertia Mail]. " At quamvis magni aestimandi sint propter puritatem linguae Hibernicae, et propter vete- rum Hibernorum fragmenta metrica quse ex codicibus antiquis excerpta servaverunt, tamen in rebus Chronologicis valde deficere dolendum est; neque erit aliquis earum rerum Estimator tarn injustus, qui a nostra sententia dissentiat, si modo, a partium studiis alienus, notas quas his annalibus apposuimus, quasque fusius in Dissert., Prcelim. explicavimus diligenter perpendat."
r Seachnasach — The accession of this king is noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at A. D. 661, but the true year is 665, as marked by O'Flaherty in Ogygia, p. 431.
" A. D. 661" [recte, 665] " Seachnassach, son of King Blathmack, began his reign, and was king five years.'* — Ann. Clon.
278
[666.
Cpuicne beop Decc. TTIaolouin, mac Scanoail, coipech Ceneoil Coipbpe, Decc. Ouib'inDpechc, mac Ounchabha, coipec hUa mbpiuin, Decc. Ceallach, mac ^uaipe, Decc. Cach peipcp ecip Ulca ~] Cpuichne, Du in po mapbab Cach- upach, mac Laipcme. paolan, mac Colmam, pi Laijfn, Decc.
Goip Cpiopc, pe ceo peapccac a pe. Qn Dapa bliabam Do Seachnupach. TTlopclaiD mop ipm mbbaoainpi, Dia po eccpac cfcpap abbaoh hi mbfnochaip UlaD, bfpach, Cummine, Colum, -i GoDan a nanmanDa. Cach Ctine ecip Gpaoha -\ Ui piDjfnce Du in po mapbaoh Gojan mac CpunDmail. bpan pionn, mac TTIaoileoccpaicch, coipeac na nOeipi TTIuman, Do rhapb'aD. blac- mac, mac TTlaoilcoba, pi UlaD, 065.
Goip Cpiopc, pe ceo yeapccar apeachr. Qn cpeap bliaDain Do Seach- nupach. Colman eppcop, 50 naomaib oile imaille ppiy1, Do Dul 50 hlmp bo pinne, 50 po pochaib ecclap innce, conaD uaiche ainmnighceap pom. peapjuf mac TTluccebo [oecc].
Goip Cpiopc, pe ceD p;apccar a hochr. Gn cfrpamaD bliaDain bo Seachnapach. 8. Cummme pionn, abb lae Coluim Cille, Decc an 24
' Ui-Briuin — In the Annals of Ulster at this year, Dubhinrecht is called " Kex hUa Briuin- Ai." It was the name of a tribe descended from Brian, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, seated in the plain of Magh-Ai, now Machaire- Chonnacht, in the county of Eoscommon.
a Fearsat : i. e. a Ford. The word fearsat literally signifies a spindle, and is applied topo- graphically to a bank of sand formed in the estuary of a river, where the tide checks the current of the fresh water. The fearsat here alluded to was evidently at Bel-Feirste, now Belfast, on the River Lagan, in the county of Antrim. This battle is entered in the Annals of Tighernach under 666, and in the Annals of Ulster at 667-
b Ceallach, son of Gvaire : i. e. Guaire Aidhne, King of Connaught. This entry is given in the Annals of Ulster under 665.
c Faelan, son of Colman. — "A. D. 663. Foylan mac Colman, King of Lynster, died." — Ann. Clon.
d Great plague.—" A. D. 666. Mortalitas in
Hibernia. A. D. 667. Magna mortalitas Buidhe Conaill." — Ann. Uti.
" A. D. 663. There was a great mortality, whereof four abbotts" [ofBenchor] "died one after another this year, namely, Bearagh, Com- ynye, Columb, and Aidan." — Ann. Clon.
e Aine : i. e. Cnoc Aine, now Knockany, in the county of Limerick. This entry is given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 666, and in the Annals of Tighernach at 667, which is the true year. The Ui-Fidhgeinte and the Aradha were seated in the present county of Limerick, and their territories were divided from each other by the River Maigue and the stream now called the Morning Star River.
f Innis-Bo-finne : i. e. the Island of the White Cow, now Bophin Island, situated off the west coast of the barony of Murrisk, in the county of Mayo. The earliest writer who mentions this church is Venerable Bede, who gives a curious account of it in his Ecclesiastical His- tory, lib. iv. c. 4 — See Ussher's Primordia,
666.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
279
died ; Eochaidh larlaidh, King of the Cruithne, also died. Maelduin, sou of Scannal, chief of Cinel-Coirbre, died. Duibhinnreacht, son of Dunchadh, chief of Ui-Briuinz, died. Ceallach, son of Guaire", died. The battle of Fearsatb, between the Ulidians and the Cruithni, where Cathasach, son of Laircine, was slain. Faelan, son of Colman0, King of Leinster, died.
The Age of Christ, 666. The second year of Seachnasach. A great plagued [raged] in this year, of which died four abbots at Beannchair-Uladh [Bangor] , namely, Bearach, Cummine, Colum, and Aedhan, their names. The battle of Ainee, between the Aradha and Ui-Fidhgeinte, where Eoghan, son of Crunn- mael, was slain. Bran Finn, son of Maelochtraigh, chief of the Deisi of Mun- ster, was slain. Blathmac, son of Maelcobha, King of Ulidia, died.
The Age of Christ, 667. The third year of Seachnasach. Colman, the bishop, with other saints 'accompanying him, went to Inis-Bo-finnef, and he founded a church thereon, from which he is called*. Fearghus, son of Muc- cedhh [died].
The Age of Christ, 668. The fourth year of Seachnasach. St. Cummine1
pp. 825, 964, 1164 ; and Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar-Connaught, p. 115, ft seq., also p. 294. In the Annals of Ulster the sailing of St. Colman to this island is noticed under the year 667, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 664, which is incorrect, though it agrees with the Saxon Chronicle, and with Ussher's Chronological Index :
" A. D. 667. Navigatio Columbani Episcopi, cum rdiquis Scotorum, ad insulam Vacce Albe, in quafundavit ecclesiam." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 664. The sailing of Bishop Colman, with the relicks of the saints" [recte, with the rest of the Scoti] " to the island of Innis Bof- fynne, where he founded a church." — Ann. Clon.
« From which he is called : i. e. the church was called from the island, and Jit. Colman was named from the church, namely, Colman of Inis-Bo-finne. The ruins of St. Column's church are still to be seen on this island, in the town- land of Knock ; and near it there is a holy well called Tobar-Flannain. Between the townlands
of Westquarter and Fawnmore on this island is situated Loch Bo-finne, i. e. the Lake of the White Cow ; and it is still believed that the in- chanted white cow, or Bo-finn, which gave name to the island, is periodically seen emerging from its waters.
h Fearghws, son of Muccedh " A. D. 667.
Fergus mac Murcado mortuus est." — Ann. Ult.
' Cummine Finn. — " A. D. 668. Obitus Cunt- meni Albi^Abbatis lae. — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 605. Corny n the White Abbot of Hugh" [lona], " died."— Ann. Clon.
This was the celebrated Cummeneus Albus, who is mentioned by Adamnan in his Vita Co- lumbce, lib. iii. c. 5, as the author of a book on the virtues of St. Columbkille. — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 325 to 331. He was also the author of a very curious letter to Segienus, Abbot of lona, on the Paschal Controversy, published by Ussher iu his Sylloge, No. xi. — See his Life in Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, at 24th February, p. 408-411.
280 awNQta Rioshachca eiraeaNN. [669.
puapn. TTlaolpochapcoi^, mac Suibne, coipec Cenel Cuipcpi, Decc. Cenn- paola6 po paib:
Ni t)ile, nach pi liompa alaile
O DO bperha TTlaolpochapcoij, ma jjhaimhnen Do Ooipe.
TTlaoloinn, mac TTlaonaish, DO mapbaD. Cpiocan, abb bfnocaip, Decc. TYlochue mac Uipc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peapccac anaoi. lap mbfic cuicc bliabna op Gpmn hi pighe DO Seachnupach, mac blaicmic, Do ceap la Oubouin, plaich Ceneoil Coipbpe. Qp pop Sechnupach Do paccaD an ceipcimenpi,
ba ppianach, ba heachlapcach, inceach hi mbiD Seachnupach, ba himoa puijeall pop plaice hipcaijh i mbioh mac blacmaic.
bpan pionn, mac TTIaoileochcpaich, coipec nanDeipi TTluman. TTlaolouin Ua Ronain Do rhapbab. blacmac, mac TTlaoilcoba, Decc. Guana, mac Cel- laij, DO mapbaD. bpan PUID, mac ITlaelepochapcai^, Decc. OunchaD Ua T?ondin 065.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peachcmojac. Qn ceD bliaDam Do CfnnpaolaD, mac blachmaic, hi pijhe nGpeann. Oungal, mac TTlaoilecuile, coipec Ceneoil
1 Cinel-Tuirtre. — Otherwise called Ui-Tuirtre, p. 25, where the Editor of these Annals, misled
a tribe descended from Fiachra Tort, son of by Colgan, erroneously places the parishes of
Colla Uais, Monarch of Ireland in the fourth Eamoane, Donnagorr, and Killead, in this terri-
^entury. In the time of St. Patrick these were tory. The parish of Kamoane was in the territory
seated in the present baronies of Dungannon, in of Tuaisceart, and the others in Magh-Line. the county of Tyrone, and Loughinsholin, in In the Annals of Ulster the death of this
the county of Londonderry — See Tripartite chieftain is entered under the same year, thus: Life of St. Patrick, part ii. cc. 138-140, Trias " A. D. 668. JtforsMoilefothartaig, mic Suibne,
Thaum., p. 148. It would appear, however, regis Nepotum Tuirtre apud Tarnan." — Cod.
that they were soon after driven from their Claren., torn. 49.
original territory by the race of Niall of the ' To Doire : i. e. to Derry, now Londonderry,
Nine Hostages, and that they settled on the east i. e. since he was borne on his bier to Derry to
side of the liiver Bann, in the present baronies be interred there. It is probable that the
of Upper and Lower Toome, in the county of Nepotes Tuirtre had a burial-place at Derry, and
Antrim, forming the principal part of the rural that they continued to inter their chieftains
deanery, which, in 1291, bore the name of there for some time after their settlement in
Turtrye — See Reeves' Ecclesiastical Antiquities the present county of Antrim. of Down and Connor, #c., pp. 82, 83, and 292 m Critan.—" A. D. 668. Obitus Critani ab-
to 297. See also note8, under A. D. 1176, latis Benchair et Mochuo Maccuist." — Ann. U It.
009.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 281
Finn, abbot of la-Coluim Cille, died on the 24th of February. Maelfothar- taigh, son of Suibhne, chief of Cinel-Tuirtrek, died. Ceannfaeladh said :
Not dearer is one king to me than another,
Since Maelfothartaigh was borne in his couch to Doire1.
Maelduin, son of Maenach, was slain. Critanm, Abbot of Beannchair [Ban- gor], died. Mochua, son of Ust, [died].
The Age of Christ, 669. After Seachnasach, son of Blathmac, had been five years in sovereignty over Ireland, he was slain" by Dubhduin, chief of Cinel-Cairbre0. It was of Seachnasach this testimony was given :
|
Full of bridles and horsewhips was the house in which dwelt Seachnasach, Many were the leavings of plunder in the house in which dwelt the son of Blathmac.
Bran Finnp, son of Maelochtraigh, chief of Deisi-Mumhan [died]. Mael- duin O'Ronainq was slain. Blathmac, son of Maelcobha, died. Cuannar, son of Ceallach, died. Bran Finn, son of Maelfothartaigh, died. Dunchadh Ua Ronain died.
The Age of Christ, 670. The first year of Ceannfaeladh, son of Blathmac5, in the sovereignty of Ireland. Dungal, son of Maeltuile, chief of Cinel-Boghaine',
" A. D. 565. Critan, Abbott of Beanchor, and county of Sligo See note p, under A. D. 492,
Mochwa, Abbot of Beanchor, died." — Ann.Clon. p. 154, supra.
" Was slain — " A. D. 670. Jugulatio Seach- P Bran Finn " A. D. 670. Brian Finn mac
nusaig filii Blaithmic regis Temoirie in initio Maeleochtraich moritur." — Ann. Ult.
hiemis. Dubduin rex Generis Coirpri jugulavit « Maelduin O'Ronain — "A. D. 668. Jugulatio
iUum."—Ann. Ult. Maelduin."— Ann. Uh.
" A. D. 667. King Seachnassach, in the be- ' Cuanach, $c. — " A. D. 668. Jugulatio Guana
ginning of Winter, was killed by Duffedoyne, mic Cellaid, Jugulatio Briani Finn, mic Maile-
prince of the race of Carbrey, in the King's fotharti ; Mors Dunchadha I- Ronain." — Ann.
pallace of Taragh." — Ann. Clon. Ult. '
° Cinel-Cairbre : i.e. the race of Cairbre, son * Ceannfaeladh, son of Blathmac. — The Annals
of Niall of the Nine Hostages, who were at this of Clonmacnoise place his accession in 668, but
period seated in the barony of Granard, in the O'Flaherty and the Annals of Ulster in 671
county of Longford, but whose descendants af- See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 93. " A. D.
terwards settled in and gave their name to the 671. CeannfaeladmacBlathmaicregnareincipit."
present barony of Carbury, in the county of — Ann. Clon.
Kildare, and the barony of Carbury, in the ' Cinel-Boghaine — See note under A. D. 605.
2 o
282
[671.
mbojaine, DO mapbaDh la Loinjp loch, mac Qonjupa, coipec Cinel gConaill. Qpo TTlacha -] Cfgh Uelle DO lopccab. bfnocaip DO lopccaD. Cumapccach, mac l?onain, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo peachrmojar a haon. Qn oapa bliabam DO Chenn- paolaD. TTlaolpuba, abb bfnocaip, Do Dul i nQlbain, 50 po pochaij ecclap Qpopcpopan. LopccaD ITlaijhe Lunje. pailbe, abb lae Colaim Cille, DO cochc i nGpinn a hlae.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peachcmo£ar a Do. Qn cpeap bliabam Do Cheann- paolab. Sgannlan, mac pingin, coipech Ua ITIeirh, oecc.
Cloip Cpiopr, pe ceo peachcmojac a cpf. lap mbeich ceirpe bliaDna hi pijhe nGpeann DO Cfnopaolab, mac blaicmic, mic Oiapmara, DO cfp la pionnacca plfoach, hi ccach Qipcealcpa, oc Uij Ua TTlaine. Noe, mac Oaniel, Decc. Congal Cfnopooa, mac Dunchaoha, pf UlaD, Do rhapbaD la 6ec boipche.
Qoip Cpiopr, pe ceo peachcmojac, a cfcaip. Qn ceo bliaoam Do pion-
" A. D. 671. Bettum Dungaile mic Maeletuile, et Combustio Ardmache et Domus Tailli filii Segeni" [et multi] "deleti sunt ibi." — Ann. Ult. u Teach-Tdle: i. e. the House of Teilli, sou of Segienus, who was contemporary with St. Fintan of Taghmun, in the county of Wexford. In O'Clery's Irish Calendar the festival of St. Teille is marked at 25th June, and it is stated that his church, called Teagh-Teille, is situated in Westmeath ; and in the Gloss to the Feilire- Aenguis it is described in the vicinity of Daur- inagh, now Durrow. Archdall says it is Teltown, but this is very incorrect, because Teltown is not in Westmeath, but is the celebrated place in East Meath called Tailtin by the Irish writers. Lanigan (Eccles. Hist., vol. iii. p. 130) states that Tech Teille is in the now King's County, but he does not tell us where. It is the place now called Tehelly, situated in the parish of Durrow, in the north of the King's County.
" Beannchair. — This was not Bangor, in the county of Down, in Ireland, but Bangor in Carnarvonshire, in north Wales, as appears from
the Annals of Ulster and Clonmacnoise :
" A. D. 671- Combustio Bennchair Britonum." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 668. Bangor in England was burnt." — Ann. Clon.
* Cumascach — " A. D. 671. Mors Cumascaich mic Eonain." — Ann. Ult.
yAporcrosan — This would be anglicised Aber- crossan, but the modern form of the name is unknown to the Editor. The word Aber, which frequently enters into the topographical names in Wales and Scotland, is synonymous with die Irish Inbher, the mouth of a river, a place where a stream falls into a river, or a river into the sea. In the Annals of Ulster this event is en- tered under the year 672, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise incorrectly at 669, thus:
" A. D. 672. Maelrubai fundavit Eccksiam Aporcrossan." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 669. Moyle Eovaie founded the church of Aporcorrossan." — Ann. Clon.
1 Magh Lunge. — " A. D. 672. Combustio Maigi- Lunge." — Ann, Ult.
671.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
283
was slain by Loingseach, son of Aenghus, chief of Cinel-Conaill. Ard-Macha [Armagh] and Teagh-Telleu were burned. Beannchairw was burned. Cumas- cachx, son of Ronan, died.
The Age of Christ, 671. The second year of Ceannfaeladh. Maelrubha, Abbot of Beannchair, went to Alba [Scotland], and founded the church of Aporcrosany. The burning of Magh Lunge2. Failbhe", Abbot of la-Coluim Cille [lona], came to Ireland from la.
The Age of Christ, 672. The third year of Ceannfaeladh. Scannlan, son ofFingin, chief of Ui-Meithb, died.
The Age of Christ, 673. After Ceannfaeladh, son of Blathmac, son of Diarmaid, had been four years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain by Finnachta Fleadhach, in the battle of Aircealtair, at Tigh-Ua-Mainec. Congald Ceannfoda, son of Dunchadh, King of Ulidia, was slain by Beag Boirrche.
The Age of Christ, 674. The first year of Finnachta Fleadhach, son of
" A. D. 669. Moyelonge was burnt." — Ann. Clon.
There is a place of this name near the village of Ballaghaderreen, in the county of Mayo, ad- joining that of Eoscommon, and deriving its name from the Eiver Lung, which discharges itself into Lough Gara ; but the place referred to in the text is in Scotland, and is the Monas- terium Campi Longe referred to by Adamnan in his Vita Columba, lib. ii. c. 39 ; and in O'Donnell's Life of the same saint, lib. ii. c. 88, (apud Colgan, Trias Thaum., p. 426), as situated on the island of Ethica, and under the govern- ment of St. Baithenus.
* Failbhe.—" A. D. 672. Navigatio Faelbei Abbotts in Hiberniam." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 669. The sailing of Failve, abbot of Hugh, into Ireland." — Ann. Clon.
b Ui-Meith. — IThere were two tribes of this name in the ancient Oirghialla, one called Ui- Meith Macha, alias Ui-Meith Tire, who were seated in the present barony of Monaghan, in the county of Monaghan ; and the other Ui- Meith-mara, seated in Cuailgne, in the north of the county of Louth — See Leabhar na gCeart,
2
p. 148, note '.
" Mors Scannlain, mic Fingin, Eegis hUa (ne- potum) Meith," is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 673, and immediately after it the following passage occurs : " Nubes tennis et tremula ad speciem cdestis arcus m. vigilia noctis, vi. feria ante pasca, ab oriente in occidentem, per serenum celum apparuit. Luna in sanguinem versa est." .The death of Scannlan is also en- tered in the same Annals under 674.
c Aircealtair at Tigh- Ua-Maine. — There are no places now bearing these names in the country of the southern Ui-Neill. There is a place in the country of the Ui-Maine in Connaught called Ait-tighe Ua Maine, now anglice Atty- many, situated in the parish of Cloonkeen-Ker- rill, barony of Tiaquin, and county of Galway. The killing of this monarch is noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 674 : " Bellum Cinnfaelad Jilii Blathmic, jttii Aedo Slaine, in quo Cinnfaelad interfectus est. Finnsneachta mac Duncha victor erat."
A Congal — " A. D. 673. Jugulatio Congaile Cennfoti, mic Duncho Regis, Ulot. Becc Bairche interfecit eum." — Ann. UU. 02
284
[675.
Dacca pifoach, mac Ounchaba, hi pighe imp Gpinn. 8. Colman, eppcop 6 Imp bo pmoe, Decc an 8 la oGujupc. piondn, mac Qipennain, Decc. Copccpaoh Gilijh Ppijpemn la pfnpneachca, mac Ounchaoha. pailbe, abb lae, oo poaD inq ppicinj a hGipinn.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peachcmojac a cuig. Gn oapa bliaDam ophionn- acca. becan Ruimino 065 i mbpfcain 17 TTlapci. Cach eoip pmpneachca 1 Laijin la caob Locha 5a^aPi "I P° meabaiD an each pop Laijmb. Oun- chab, mac Ulcdin, coipec Gipjiall, DO mapbab i nOun popja la TTlaolDuin, mac TTlaoilepicpij.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peachcmojac a pe. Gn cpfp bliaDain ophionnacca. Oaipcell, mac Cupecai, eppcop ^li""6 Da ^ocha [oecc], 3 TTlaM. Common eppcop, TTlaolDojap, eppcop pfpna, Uuaimpnarha, coipec Oppaije, Do map- baD la paolan Seancopcol. Colggu, mac pailbi plainn, pf TTluman, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peachcmojac a peachc. Gn cfcpamab bliabain opionnacca. S. pailbe, abb lae Columi Cille, oecc an 22 Do TTlapca. Neach-
"A. D. 670. Congall Keanfoda, King of Ul- ster, was killed by one Beag Boyrehe." — Ann. Clon.
'St. Colman — "A. D.675. Columbanus Epis- copus InsoloeVaccce Albce, e«Finan, SliusAirenant, pausant." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 672. Colman, abbott of Inis-Bofyn, and Finan mac Arenan, died." — Ann. Clon.
See note on Inis-Bofinne, under the year 367, supra.
! Finan, son ofAirennan — The festival of "Fi- nan mac Earanain" is entered in O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 12th February, and it is added that he died in 577, but this is obviously an error for 677. Dr. O'Conor suggests that this may be the person referred to by Adamnan, lib. i. c. 49, as " Christi miles Finanus, qui vitam multis anachoreticam annis, juxta Roboreti Monasterium campi" [hodie Durrow] "irrepre- hensibiliter ducebat." — Rer. Hib. Scrip., torn. iv. p. 60.
? Aileach Frigreinn — " A. D. 675. Destructio Ailche Frigreni la [per] Finsneachta."-4nn. Ult.
Dr. O'Conor translates Frigreinn by funditv-s, in the Annals of the Four Masters (p. 227), and " a fundamentis," in the Annals of Ulster; but, according to the Dinnsenchus, the royal fort of Aileach was sometimes called Aileach Frigreinn, from Frigreann, the architect who built it. — See the Ordnance Memoir of the parish of Templemore.
h Returned — "A. D. 675. Failbhe de Hibernia revertitur." — Ann. Ult.
1 Becan Ruiminni. — " A. D. 676. Beccan Rn- min quievit." — Ann. Ult.; Cod. Clarend. torn. 49.
" A. D. 673. Beagan Rumyn died in the island of Wales [recte Britain]." — Ann. Clon.
^Loch-Gabhair — NowLoughgower,orLogore, near Dunshaughlin, in the county of Meath. " Jacet autem hie lacus in regione Bregensi in finibus Mediae juxta nostros hystoricos." — Col- gan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 412, n. 14. This lake is now dried up, and many curious antiquities have been found at the place. — See Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy., vol. i. p. 424.
In the Annals of Ulster this entry is given
675.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
285
Dunchadh, in sovereignty over Ireland. St. Colmane, Bishop of Inis-bo-finne, died on the 8th day of August. Fiuan, son of Airennanf, died. The destruc- tion of Aileach Frigreinn*, by Finnshneachta, son of Dunchadh. Failbhe, Abbot of la, returned11 back from Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 675. The second year of Finnachta. Becan Ruiminni' died in Britain on the 17th of March. A battle [was fought] between Finns- neachta and the Leinstermen, by the side of Loch-Gabhair15; and the battle was gained over the Leinstermen. Dunchadh, son of Ultan, chief of Oirghialla, was slain at Dun-Forgo1, by Maelduin, son of Maelfithrigh.
The Age of Christ, 676. The third year of Finnachta. Dairchellm, son of Curetai, Bishop of Gleann-da-locha, [died] on the 3rd of March. Coman, bishop ; Maeldoghar, Bishop of Fearna [Ferns] ; Tuaimsnamha", chief of Os- raighe [Ossory], was slain by Faelan Seanchostol. Colgu0, son of Failbhe Flann, King of Munster, died.
The Age of Christ, 677. The fourth year of Finnachta. St. Failbhep, Abbot of la-Coluim Cille, died on the 22nd of March. Neachtain Neirq died.
under the year 676, but in the Annals of Clon- macnoise at 673, thus :
" A. D. 676. Bdlum inter Finsneachta at La- genios, in loco proximo Loch Gabar, in quo Fins- neachta victor erat." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 673. The Lynsterinen gave a battle to King Fynnaghty in a place hard by Loghga- war, where King Fynnaghty was victor." — Ann. Clon.
1 Dun- Forgo — Situation unknown. "A. D. 676. Stella cometa visa luminosa in mense Sep- tembris et Octobris. Duncha mac Ultain occisus est in Dun-Fergo."— Ann. Ult.
" Dairchell. — The death of this bishop, and of Coman, is noticed in the Annals of Ulster under the year 677, and in the Annals of Clonmac- noise at 674 :
" A. D. 677. Daircill mac Curetai Episcopus Glinne-da-locha, et Coman Episcopus Fernan pausant." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 674. Darchill mac Cuyletty, Bushop of Glendalogha, died. Coman, Bishop, and Moy-
ledoyer, Bushop, died." — Ann. Clon.
" Tuaimsnamha. — " A. D. 677- Toimsnamha Hex Osraigi quievit." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 674. Twaymsnawa, king of Ossorie, died." — Ann. Clon.
" Colgu — " A. D. 677. Mors Colggen mic Failbei Flainn, Regis Human." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 674. Colgan mac Falve Flyn, King of Munster, died." — Ann. Clon.
" Failbhe — " A. D. 678. Quids Failbhe, Abba- tis Ue."—Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 674. Failve, abbot of Hugh, died."— Ann. Clon.
He was succeeded by the celebrated Adamnan, who wrote the Life of St. Columbkille — See Vita Columbae in Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 340- 498, where Adamnan makes the following refer- ence to this Failbhe : " Meo decessore Falbeo intentius audiente, qui et ipse cum Segineo prsesens inerat." — Lib. i. c. 3.
i Neachtain Neir. — " A. D. 678. Dormitatio Neachtain Neir." — Ann. Ult.
286 aNNata Rio^hachca emeciNN. [678.
rain Neip oecc. Ceannpaolao, mac Oiliolla, pai in eccna, oecc. Cach Uaillcfn pia ppinpn&achca pplfoach pop 6ecc boipce.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peachcmojac a hochc. Qn cmcceaO bliaoam r>pinacca. Colman, abb bfnocaip, oecc. Ulaolpochapcaij, eppcop Qpoa ppacha, Oecc. pianamail, mac TTlaoilecuile, pi LaijCn, Oo juin la POIC- peachan, Dia muincip pein, lap na popconjpa paip opfnpneacca plebach. Cacal, mac Ra^allaij, oecc. Cach boobjna, Ou in po mapbao Conall Oipj- gnech, coipech Ceneoil Coipppe.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo peachcmojac a naoi. Qn peipeab bliaoain opfn. pneachca. 8. Ciap ojh, mjfn Ouibpea, Oecc an 5 lanuapi. Oungal, mac Sccanoail, coipech Cpuicne, -| CeanopaolaO, mac Suibne, coipech Ciann- achca ^linne ^aimin, oo lopccaD la TTlaolouin, mac rnaoilepichpi^h, i nOun Ceichipn. Gonall, mac DunchaOa, oo mapbaoh hi cCiunn cfpe. Seach- napach, mac Qipmeoaig, ~\ Conaing, mac Con^aile, oo mapbaoh.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo ochcmojac. Qn peachcmao bliaoain ophfonachca. Suibne, mac TTlaoiluma, comapba baippe Copcaijhe, Oecc. Cennpaolab, mac Colcan, pi Connachu, oo mapbab lap ngabdil cije paip. Ulchaofpg
' Ceannfaeladh. — " A. D. 678. Cennfaeladh in Hibernia, que vocatur Bolgach." — Ann. Ult.
mac Aililla mic Baetain sapiens pausat." — Ann. " A. D. 6.75. Colman, abbott of Beanchor, died.
Ult. Finawla, King of Lynster, was killed. Cathal
" A. D. 675. Keanfoyle the Wise, died." — mac Eagally died. There reigned a kind of
Ann. Clon. a great leprosie in Ireland this year, called the
The true year is 679, as marked by Tigher- Poxe, in Irish, Bolgagh."
nach. This Ceannfaeladh is called of Daire " Bodhbhghna, otherwise written Badhbhghna,
Lurain (now Derryloran, in Tyrone), in the and in the Annals of Ulster (Cod. Clarend.,
preface to Uracepht na n-Eigeas, a work which torn. 49), Bogna. It was the name of a tnoun-
he is said to have amended See O'Reilly's tainous territory extending from Lanesborough
Descriptive Catalogue of Irish Writers, pp. 46-48. to Eooskey, on the west side of the Shannon, in
" The battle of Tailltin — " A. D. 678. Bettum the county of Roscommon; and this name is
Finsneachta contra Becc mBairche." — Ann. Ult. still preserved in Sliabh Badhbhghna, anglice
' Colman, fyc. — These entries are given in the Slieve Bawne, a well known mountain in this
Annals of Ulster at 679, and in the Annals of district. The country of the Cinel-Cairbre or
Clonmacnoise at 675, as follows: race of Cairbre, son of the monarch Niall, was
" A. D. 679- Colman, Abbas Benchair, pausat. OB the other side of the Shannon, opposite Sliabh
Jugulatiolfmamla,, mac Maeletuile, Regis Lagenio- Badhbhghna, in the present county of Longford.
rum. Cathal macRagallaigmon'/Mr. J/orsMoilefo- w St. Ciar — The festival of this virgin is set
thartaig Episcopi Ardsratha. BeUum i mBodgna, down in the Feilire Aenguis, and in O'Clery's
•ubi cecidit Conall Oirggneach. Lepra gravissima Irish Calendar, at 5th January, and her church
678.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 287
Ceannfaeladhr, son of Oilioll, a paragon in wisdom, died. The battle of Tailltin" [was gained] by Finshneachta Fleadhach over Becc Boirche.
The Age of Christ, 678. The fifth year of Finachta. Colman', Abbot of Beannchair, died. Maelfothartaigh, Bishop of Ard-sratha, died. Fianamhail, son of Maeltuile, King of Leinster, was mortally wounded by Foicseachan, [one] of his own people, at the instigation of Finshneachta Fleadhach. Cathal, son of Ragallach, died. The battle of Bodhbhghnau, where Conall Oirgneach, chief of Cinel-Cairbre, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 679. The sixth year of Finshneachta. St. Ciarw, virgin, daughter of Duibhrea, died on the 5th of January. Dunghal, son of Scannal, chief of the Cruithni, and Ceannfaeladh, son of Suibhne, chief of Cianachta- Glinne-Geimhin,'were burned by Maelduin, son of Maelfithrigh,at Dun-Ceithirn*. Conall, son of Dunchadh, was slain at Ceann-tire5:. Seachnasach", son of Air- meadhach, and Conaing, son of Conghal, were slain.
The Age of Christ, 680. The seventh year of Finachta. Suibhue, son of Maelumha, successor of Bairre of Corcach" [St. Barry, of Cork], died. Ceann- faeladhb, son of Colgan, King of Connaught, was slain after the house in which
is described as Cill-Ceire in Muscraighe-Thire. in Kyntyre." — Ann. Clon.
It is now called Kilkeary, and is situated in ' Seachnasach. — "A. D. 680. Jugulatio Seaoh-
the barony of Upper Ormond, in the county of nasaig, mic Airmetaig, et Conaing, micCongaile."
Tipperary, about three miles south-east of the — Ann. Ult.
town of Nenagh. Colgan gives all that he could " A. D. 676. Seachnassach mac Arveay and
collect of the Life of this virgin in his Acta SS., Conaing mac Conoyle were killed." — Ann. Clon.
at 5th January, pp. 14-16. " Corcach Now Cork, the chief city of Mun-
* Dun-Ceithirn — Now the Giant's Sconce, in ster. This name signifies moor, marsh, or low,
the parish of Dunboe, in the north of the swampy ground ; and Barry's or Finnbharr's
county of Londonderry. — See note under the original church at Cork was erected in or on
year 624. the margin of a marsh — See Lanigan's Ecdesi-
" A. D. 680. Combustio Regum in Dun Cei- asticcd History of Ireland, vol. ii. pp. 208, 316.
thirn .i. Dungal mac Scannaill Eex Cruithne, In the Annals of Ulster the death of Suibhne is
et Cennfaela Rex Cianachte .i. mac Suibne in entered at the year 681, and in the Annals of
initio estatis la [i. e. per] Maelduin mac Maeli- Clonmacnoise at 677, as follows :
nthric." — Ann. Ult. " A. D 681. Obitus Suibne, ./SKt Maeleduin,
' Ceann-tire: i. e. Head of the Land, now Can- Principis Corcoige." — Ann. Ult.
tire, in Scotland. "A. D.677- SwyniemacMoyle-uwaie, Bishop-
" A. D. 680. Jugulatio Conaill Coil, filii Dun- prince of Corke, died." — Ann. Clon. The true
cho i gCiunn-tire." — Ann. Ult. year is 682, as marked by Tighernach.
" A. D. 676. Conell mac Donnough was killed " Ceannfaeladh, fyc. — These entries are given
288
[681.
Ua Cailbbe, Do Chonmaicmb Ciiile, po mapb eipibe. Cach Racha moipe TTlaighe line pop bpfcnuib, bail in po mapbab Cacapach, mac TTlaoileDuin, roipec Cpuirne, •] Ullran, mac Dicollae.
Goif1 Cpiopc, pe ceo ochrmogac a haon. Gn cochcmab bliabam opion- acca. S. Gpmbfohach, abb Cpaoibe Laippe, oecc an ceo la DO lanuapi. Colmdn abCluanamic Noip, oecc. O Qipcech DO. Ounchab ITluipipcce, mac IDaolouib, pi Connachc, DO maptinoh. Cach Copainn, DU map mapbab Colcca, mac blaicmic, ~\ pfpjjup, mac TDaoileDum, coined Cenel Coipbpe.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo ochcmojac a Do. Gn naomab bliabain ophionn- achca. fTlaine, abb nGonOpoma, oecc. Loch nGachach DO poab hi puil. Cach Caipil pionnbaipp.
Goip Cpiopr, pe ceo ochcmojac a cpf. Gn Dfchrhab bliabain Dphionn- acca. pdpu^ab ITluijhe bpfgh la Sa^oib, ecip ecclaip -) cuaich, hi mf lun
in the Annals of Ulster at the year 681, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 677, thus :
" A. D. 681. Jugulatio Cinnfaela, mic Colgen, Regis Connacie. BeUum Ratha-moire-Maigi-Line contra Britones, ubi cecidit Cathusach, mac Maele- duin, ri Cruithne, et Ultan Jilius Dicolla." — Ann. Ult.
"A. D. 677. Kinfoyle mac Colgan, King of Connaught, died. The battle of Kathmore was given against the Britons, where Cahasagh mac Moyledoyn, King of the Picts, and Ultan mac Dicholla, were slaine." — Ann. Clon.
c Conmaicne-Cuile. — A sept of the race of Fergus mac Eoich (ex-king of Ulster in the first century), seated in the present barony of
Kilmaine, in the county of Mayo See O'Fla-
herty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 46.
d Rath-mor-Maighe-Line Now Rathmore, a
townland containing the remains of an ancient rath, or earthen fort, in the parish of Donnegore, in the plain of Moylinny, in the county of An- trim— See Reeves's Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Dioceses of Down and Connor, fyc., pp. 69, 70. See also note on Rath-bee in Magh-Line, under the year 558, p. 200, supra.
* Craebh- Laisre : i.e. Laisre's Bush or Branch,
i. e. of the Old Tree ; the name of a place near Clonmacnoise. The festival of Airmeadhach, Abbot of Craebh-Laisre, is set down in the Martyrology of Tamlacht and O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 1st January; and it is stated in the latter that he died in 681 — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 172, n. 49. See this place again referred to at the year 882. In the Annals of Ulster " Dormitatio Airmedaig na Craibhe," i. e. the decease of Airmedhach of Craebh, is entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 682 ; but Dr. O'Conor translates it, " Dormi- tatio Airmedagii Ducis Criveorum," which is totally incorrect, and the less to be excused because the old translation in the Clarendon Manuscript, which he had before him, gives the entry very correctly as follows :
" A. D. 682. Dormitatio Airmedha na Craive .i. of the Bush or Branch."
' Airteach : i. e. of Ciaraighe-Airtich, a sept seated between the Rivers Lung and Brideog, in the old barony of Boyle, and county of Ros- common — See note under the year 1297- The death of the Abbot Colman is entered in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at the year 678, which is incorrect.
681.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
589
lie was taken. Ulcha-dearg [Redbeard] Ua-Caillidhe, [one] of the Conmaicne- Cuile", [was the person that] killed him. The battle of Rath-mor-Maighe-Lined [was gained] over the Britons, wherein were slain Cathasach, son of Maelduin, chief of the Cruithni [Dal-Araidhe], and Ultan, son of Dicolla.
The Age of Christ, 681. The eighth year of Finachta. St. Eirmbeadhach, Abbot of Craebh-Laisre6, died on the first day of January. Colman, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died ; he was of Airteachf. Dunchadh Muirisce8, son of Mael- dubh, King of Connaught, was slain. The battle of Corann, wherein were slain Colga, son of Blathmac, and Fearghus, son of Maelduin, chief of Cinel-Cairbre.
The Age of Christ, 682. The ninth year of Finachta. Maine, Abbot of Aendruimh [Nendrum], died. Loch nEathach1 was turned into blood. The battle of Caiseal-Finnbhairr3.
The Age of Christ, 683. The tenth year of Finachta. The devastation of Magh-Breaghk, both churches and territories, by the Saxons, in the month of
* Dunchadh Muirisce Dr. O' Conor incor- rectly translates this, " Duncha Dux mariti- mus," in his edition of the Annals of Ulster, in which these entries are given under the year 682, thus : " Duncha Muirsce, filius Maelduib jugulatus. Helium Corainn, in quo cecidit Colgu, filius Blaimic, et Fergus, mac Maeleduin, rex Generis Coirpri." Dunchadh Muirsci, who was of the Ui-FiachrachMuaidhe, was called Muirsce from his having lived, or been fostered, in the territory of Muirisc (i.e. the marshes or fens), in the north of the barony of Tireragh, in the now county of Sligo. — See Genealogies, Tribes, <J-c., of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 314.
h Aendruim — " A. D. 683. Mora Maine Ab- batis Noindromo, et Mors Derforgail." — Ann. Ult.
' Loch nEathach. — Now Lough Neagh. — See note ', under A. D. 331, p. 124, supra.
" A. D. 683. Loch Eathach do soud hi full." — Ann. Ult. Edit. O'Conor.
" The lake called Logheagh tourned into bloud this yeare." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Claren. torn. 49.
" A. D. 680. Logh Neaagh was turned into
blood this year." — Ann. Clon.
j Caiseal-Finnbhair : i. e. Finnbharr's Stone Fort. Situation unknown.
" A. D. 683. Bellum Caissil-Finbair."— Ann. Ult.
Under the year 682 the Annals of Ulster re- cord " Initium mortalitatis puerorum in mense Octobris ;" and under 683, "Mortalitas parau- lorum." The Annals of Clonmacnoise mention the beginning of the mortality of children under the year 678.
k Magh-Breagh — A territory in East Meath, comprising five cantreds, and lying principally between Dublin and Drogheda, i. e. between the Rivers Boyne and Liffey. — See note e, under A. D. 1292, pp. 455, 456. Colgan translates this passage as follows, in Trias Thaum., p. 385 : "Anno Christi 683, et Fiennactce decimo. De- vastatur regio Magbregensis in mense Junto, per Saxones, qui nee populo nee clero pepercerunt : sed et multos captives et multas prcedas ad suas naves retulerunt."
The devastation of Magh-Breagh by the Sax- ons, is noticed in the Annals of Ulster under the
2 P
290
[684.
DO hponnpao, -| pugpac bpaijoi iom6a leo ap gach lonaoh hi papcaibp fr ap puo Tnaighe bpfgh, mailli pe heaoaloib lomoaib oile, 50 nofcpac mporh Do cum a long. Congal mac ^u"1!16 oecc. bpeapal, mac pfpjjupa, coipec Coba [oecc].
Goip Cpiopc, pe ceo ochrmojar a cfcaip. Gn caonmab bliaDain Decc opionacca. popcpon, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Gp ap na huilibh cfc- paib a ccoiccmne, ipin uile Dorhan, co Diuio ceopa mbliaban co na cfpna cf6 aon ap an mile Da jac cenel anmann apcfna. Sice mop ipin mbliabain pin co po pempfc locha -] aibne Gpeann, i Din po peob an muip eicip Gpmn •] Qlbain, co mbiD imaichijib eaccoppa popp an lice eagha. Qoamndn DO 6ul 50 Sa^aib DO cuinojiD na bpaice DO bfpcpae Sa^ain cuaipcfpc leo a ITluijh
year 684, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 680, thus:
" A. D. 684. Ventus magnus. Terremotus in insula. Saxones campum Breg vastant, et Eccle- sias plurimas in mense Junii." — Ann. If It.
" A. D. 680. There was an extream great winde and Earthquake in Ireland. The Saxons, the plains of Moyebrey, with divers churches, wasted and destroyed in the month of June, for the allyance of the Irish with the Brittons." — Ann. Clon.
This descent of the Saxons upon Ireland is mentioned by Venerable Bede, in his Ecclesias- tical History, lib. iv. c. 26, where he writes that, " in the year of our Lord's incarnation 684, Egfrid, King of the Northumbrians, sending Berctus, his general, with an army, into Ireland [Hiberniam], miserably wasted that inoffensive nation, which had always been most friendly to the English [nationi Anglorum semper ami- cissimam] ; insomuch that in their hostile rage they spared not even the churches or monaste- ries. The islanders, to the utmost of their power, repelled force with force, and, imploring the assistance of the divine mercy, prayed long and fervently for vengeance ; and, though such as curse cannot possess the kingdom of God, it is believed that those who were justly cursed on
account of their, impiety did soon after suffer the penalty of their guilt from the avenging hand of God ; for the very next year that same king, rashly leading his army to ravage the province of the Picts, much against the advice of his friends, and particularly of Cuthbert, of blessed memory, who had been lately ordained bishop, the enemy made show as if they fled, and the king was drawn in the straits of inac- cessible mountains" [at Dun Nechtain — Ann. Uti. 685], "and slain, with the greater part of his forces, on the 20th of May, in the fortieth year of his age, and the fifteenth of his reign. His friends, as has been said, advised him not to engage in this war ; but he having the year before refused to listen to the most reverend father, Egbert, advising him not to attack the Scots, who did him no harm, it was laid upon him, as a punishment for his sin, that he should not now regard those who would have prevented his death.
" From that time the hopes and strength of the English crown began to waver and retro- grade; for the Picts recovered their own lands, which had been held by the English and the Scoti that were in Britain, and some of the Britons their liberty, which they have now enjoyed for about forty-six years." — See also
684.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
291
June precisely ; and they carried off with them many hostages from every place which they left, throughout Magh-Breagh, together with many other spoils, and afterwards went to their ships. Congal, son of Guaire, died. Breasal1, son of Fearghus, chief of Cobham, died.
The Age of Christ, 684. The eleventh year of Finachta. Forcronn, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. A mortality0 upon all animals in general, throughout the whole world, for the space of three years, so that there escaped not one out of the thousand of any kind of animals. There was great frostp in this year, so that the lakes and rivers of Ireland were frozen ; and the sea between Ireland and Scotland was frozen, so that there was a communication between them on the ice. Adamnanq went to Saxon-land, to request [a restoration] of the pri-
Adamnan's Vita Columb., lib. ii. c. 46 ; Trias Thaum., p. 363.
1 Breasal, $c — " A. D. 684. Mors Congaile mic Guaire, et mors Bresail mic Fergusa, morbo." Ann. UU.
m Of Cobha : i. e. of Ui-Eathach-Cobha, the present baronies of Iveagh, in the county of Down.
"Forcron — "A. D. 681. Forcron, Abbot of Clonvicknose, died." — Ann. Clon.
° Mortality. — Adamnan refers to a great mor- tality, which, for two years after the war with Egfrid, swept the whole world except the Picts and Scots of Britain, who, he says, were pro- tected against it by the intercession of their patron, St. Columba :
" De Mortalitate. Et hoc etiam, ut existimo, non inter minora virtutum miracula connume- randum videtur de mortalitate, quse nostris temporibus terrarum orbem, bis ex parte vas- tavit majore. Nam ut de cojteris taceam latio- ribus Europse regionibus. hoc est Italia, et ipsa Romana Civitate, et Cisalpiuis Galliarum" [L e. Gallorum] "provinciis, Hispanis quoque Pirinaei montis interjectu disterminatis, oceani Insulse per totum videlicet Scotia et Britannia binis vicibus vastatse sunt dira pestilentia, exceptis duobus populis, hoc est, Pictorum plebe et Sco-
2P
torum Britannise, inter quos utrosque Dorsi montes Britannici distermini, &c. &c. Nos vero Deo agimus crebras grates, qui nos, et in his nostris Insulis, orante pro nobis nostro ve- nerabili Patrono a mortalitatum invasionibus defendit : et in Saxonia Eegem Aldfridum visi- tantes amicum adhuc non cessante pestilentia et multos hinc inde vicos devastante, ita tamen nos , Dominus, et in prima post bellum Ecfridi visi- tatione, et in secunda interjectis duobus annis, in tali mortalitatis medio deambulantes, peri- culo liberavit, ut ne unus etiam de nostris comitibus moreretur, nee aliquis ex eis aliquo molestaretur morbo." — Trias Thaum., p. 363.
Florence of Winchester notices this plague in his Annales at the year 685 : " Magna pestilen- tiffi procella Britanniam corripiens lata nece vastavit."
p Great frost. — There is no reference to this frost in the Annals of Ulster or Clonmacnoise.
q Adamnan — Colgan, in a note on this passage, translates the above passage from the Four Masters, as follows :
"Anno Christi, 684. Finnachtce Regis undecimo. S. Adamnanus Legatus missus venit ad Saxones, ad prccdas et captivos quos Septentrionales Saxones (hoc est Northumbri) ex supra memorata regione Bregurum diripaerunt, repetendos. Et ab eis 2
292 awwata Rio^hachca eiReawN. [685.
bpfjh an bliabam pempaice. puaip a haipec uacha mp nofnam pfpc -\ miopbal pia6 na plojhaib, ~\ Do bfpcpac onoip ~\ aipmiom moip Do lapam imailli pe hojaipeacc gach neich po cuinnijh cucca.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD ochcmojac a cuig. Qn oapa bliabam Decc opion- acca. Oocummaiconoj, ab ^^'noe Da locha, Decc. Roippem, abb Copcaije moipe, Decc. Oppem eppcop TTlainipcpeach, pioncain, mac Uulchain, Decc. pepaoach, mac Congaile, DO mapbaoh. pinpneachca, an pf, Do bul Dia oilicpe.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD ochcmojac ape. Qn cpeap bliaDain Decc ophion- acca. Cach Imbleacha phich pia Niall mac Cfpnaich Socoil, pop Conjalac, mac Conaing, aipm in po mapbab Duboainbfp, coipec Qpoa Ciannachca,-] hUaipcpibe hUa Opene, coipec Conaille TTluipcemne, i po ppaoineab an each pop Congalac mparh. Qp Oia noibeabaib po paibeab :
bponac Conailli inDiu, oficbip ooib lap nllaipcpibiu, Mi ba heallma biep gfn, i nQpD lap nOuboambfp.
S. Seghene, eppcop Qpoa TTlacha, Do ecc. O Qchao Cla6b oopibe. 8. Cucbepc, eppcop pfpna, a Sa^oib, Decc.
honorifice exceptus, et coram nonnullis signis et " A.J). 686. Jugulatio Feradaig mic Congaile.
miraculis perpetratis omnia qua petiit impetravit." Quies Documai Conoc, Abbatis Vallis da locha"
— Trias Thaum., p. 385, n. 40. [Glendalough]. " Dormitatio Eosseni Abbatis
" A. D. 686. Adamnanus captivos reduxit ad Corcaide Moire. Mors Osseni Episcopi Monas-
Hiberniamlx." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend. torn. 49- terii. Fintain mac Fingaine" [quievit].
" A. D. 682. Adamnanus brought 60 captives • Corcach-mor : i. e. the great Corcach or
to Ireland." — Ann. Clon. See Bede's Ecclesias- Marsh, now Cork, the chief city of Munster. It
tical History, lib. v. c. 15, where it is stated that is also frequently called Corcach-mor-Mumhan,
Adamnan made some stay in England on this i. e. the great Cork of Munster.
occasion with King Alfred, the successor of ' Imleach Phich This, which is otherwise
Egfrid, and that he conformed to the Catholic called Imleach-Fia and Imleach-Fio, is the pre-
or Roman mode of keeping Easter, and incul- sent Emlagh, a townland in a parish of the
cated the same on his arrival in Ireland. It is same name, about four miles north-east of the
added that Tiis own monks of Hii would not town of Kells, in the county of Meath :
conform to what they considered an innovation, " A. D. 687- Bdlum Imlecho-Pic, ubi cecidit
and that St. Columbkille's monasteries in Ireland Dubdainber, rex Arda-Cianachte, et Huarcride
also refused to conform. nepos Osseni, et Congalach, mac Conaing, fugiti-
' Docummaichonnog — These entries are given vus evasit. Niall mac Cernaig victor ei-at." — Ann.
in the Annals of Ulster under the year 686, as Ult.
follows: u Ard-Cianachta Now the barony of Fer-
685.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 293
soners which the North Saxons had carried off from Magh-Breagh the year before mentioned. He obtained a restoration of them, after having performed wonders and miracles before the hosts ; and they afterwards gave him great honour and respect, together with a full restoration of everything he asked of them.
The Age of Christ, 685. The twelfth ye'ar of Finachta. Docummaich- onnogr, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha, died. Roiss%ni, Abbot of Corcach-mor8, died. Osseni, Bishop of Mainistir ; Fintan, son of Tulchan \rectd of Fingaine] , died. Fearadhach, son of Conghal, was slain. Finshneachta, the king, went on his pilgrimage.
The Age of Christ, 686. The thirteenth year of Finachta. The battle of Imleach Phich' [was fought] by Niall, son of Cearnach Sotal, against Congalach, son of Conaing, wherein were slain Dubhdainbher, chief of Ard Cianachta11, and Uaircridhe Ua Oisene, chief of Conaille-Muirtheimhnew; and the battle was afterwards gained over Congalach. Of their deaths was said :
Sorrowful are the Conailli this day ; they have cause after Uaircridhe*, Not in readiness shall be the sword, in Ardy, after Dubhdainbher.
St. Seghene, Bishop of Ard-Macha, died. He was from Achadh-claidhibh". St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Fearnaa, in England, died.
rard, in the county of Louth — See note under ' Achadh-claidkibh. — Situation unknown to
the year 660. the Editor. The festival of this holy bishop is
w Conaille-Muirtheirnhne. — This tribe gave marked in O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 24th of
name to a territory comprising, at this period, May, and it is added that he died in the year
the baronies of Ardee, Louth, and Upper Dun- 687, which agrees with the Annals of Ulster,
dalk. Magh-Muirtheimhne was originally more Ware places his death in 688, which is the true
extensive than the country of the Conaille since year. — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 294, and
the settlement of the Cianachta in Meath. — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 40. note ", under A. M. 2859, p. 10, and note h, " OfFearna: i.e. of Fame, a small island in
.under A. D. 226, p. 1 10, supra. the parish of Holy Island, Durham, about two
1 Uaircridhe. — Dr. O'Conor translates this miles eastward of Bambrough Castle, and about
" Nitnia festinatio illis causa doloris ;" but this nine from Lindisfarn — See Bede's Eccl. Hist.,
is childishly incorrect, as Uaircridhiu is a man's lib. iii. cc. 3, 16, 27. This bishop was the ille-
name. gitimate son of an Irish king, as appears from
y Ard: i. e. in Ard-Cianachta. Dr. O'Conor a Life of him given by John of Tinmouth, and
translates this " inter Nobiles," which is incor- from him by Capgrave at 20th March. — Sje
rect. Ussher's Primordia, pp. 944, 945.
294
[687.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo, ochcmojac a p cache. Qn cfcpamab bliabain Decc Dpfonacca. beccan Cluana hlopaipo Decc. ^nachnac, banabb Cille Dapa, 065. Conjal, mac TTlaoileOuin, mac Qoba bfnoain, pi laprhuman, DO rhapbab. Qpomacha DO lopccab. 6pan, mac Conaill, pi Laijfn oecc. pinjuine pocca Decc. pfpaohach TTleich, mac Nechclicc, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo ochcmojar a hochc. Qn cuicceab bliabam Decc t>pmpneacca. Cponan TTlacu Cftulne, abb bfnocaip, Decc an 6 Do Nouembep. pibjetlach, mac plainn, coipec Ua TTldine, lolan, eppcop Cinngapab, Decc. Oochinne Daipe bpuchaip, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo ochcmojac a naoi. Qn peipeab bliabam Decc ophinpneachca. Oabecoj Cluana hQipo Decc. pfpgap, mac Cooam, pf Ulab, DO mapbab la hllib Gachbach.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD nochac. Qn peachrmab bliabain Decc opin- pneachca. Diopaich, eppcop pfpna, Decc an 27 Tub. 6pan Ua paolain, pi Laijfn, Decc. Cach enp Oppaijhib -| Laijniu, bail in po mapbaoh paolcop Ua TTlaolobpa. Ro pfpab pleachab pola i Lai^mbipin bliabainpi. Ro poab
b Beccan of Cluain-Iraird. — This is a mistake for Beccan of Cluain-ard. — See note on Dabhe- cog, 689- These entries are given in the Annals of Ulster, under the year 689, except thatrelating to the death of Bran, King of Leinster, and Gnoth- nat, abbess, which they omit altogether.
" A. D. 689- Congal mac Maeleduin, micAeda Bennain, Sex larmuman, et Dunnecaid, mac Oircdoit, et Ailill mac Dungaile, et Eilne mac Scandail, jugulati sunt. Combustio Ardmacha. Mors Finguiue Longi at Feredaig Meith (fl'att, Cod. Clarend., 49) mic Neichtlicc, et Coblaith, flia Canonn moritur. Debecog [Beccan] Cluana airdo pausat."
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise the deaths of Bran mac Connell, King of Leinster, and of " Gnahnat, abbesse of Killdare," are noticed under the year 685.
c Cronan Macu Caulne. — " A. D. 690. Cronan Maccuchuailne, Abbas Benchuir, obit. Fitchillach mac Flainn, rex hUa Maine, moritur." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 686. Cronan Maccowcaylne, abbott of Beanchor, died. Fihellagh mac Flyn, prince of Imaine, died." — Ann.jClon.
d Ceanngaradh. — See note under the year 659- " A. D. 688. lolan, Episcopus Cinngarat, obiit." — Ann. Ult.
" Doire-Bruchaisi Now Derrybrughis, alias
Killyman, in the county of Armagh. According to O'Clery's Irish Calendar, the memory of St. Aedhan was venerated at this church on the 29th of March.
f Cluain-ard: i. e. the High Lawn or Meadow. This was the ancient name of the place on which stands Kilpeacan old church, at the foot of Sliabh gCrot, in the barony of Clanwilliam, and county of Tipperary. Dabhecog, in this entry, is the same person as Beccan, incorrectly called of Cluain-Iraird, whose death is entered by the Four Masters under the year 688. In the Fei- lire Aenguis, and in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 26th May, it is stated that Beccan of Cluain-ard
6870
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
295
The Age of Christ, 687. The fourteenth year of Finachta. Beccanb-, of Cluain-Iraird, died. Gnathnat, Abbess of Cill-dara, died. Congal, son of Mael- duin, son of Aedh Beannan, King of West Munster, was slain. Ard-Macha was burned. Bran, son of Conall, King of Leinster, died. Finguine Foda died. Feradhach Meith, son of Nechtlig, died.
The Age of Christ, 688. The fifteenth year of Finshneachta. Cronan Macu Caulne0, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died on the 6th of November. Fidhgellach, son of Flann, chief of Ui-Maine, [died]. lolan, Bishop of Ceann- garadhd, died. Dochinne, of Doire-Bruchaisi6, died.
The Age of Christ, 689. The sixteenth year of Finshneachta. Dabhecog, of Cluain-ardf, died. Fearghus, son of Lodang, King of Ulidia, was slain by the Ui-Eachdhach [people of Iveagh].
The Age of Christ, 690. The seventeenth year of Finshneachta. Diraithh, Bishop of Fearna, died on the 27th of July. Bran Ua Faelain, King of Leinster, died. A battle between the Osraighi' and the Leinstermen, wherein Faelchar Ua Maelodhra was slain. It rained a shower of bloodk in Leinster this year.
was otherwise called Mobecoc (synonymous with Dabecoc), and that his church is situated in Muscraighe-Breogain, in Munster, or at Tigh Ui Conaill, in Ui-Briuin-Cualann. Keating, speaking of the same saint (regimine Diarmada mic Fearghusa Ceirbheoil), states that he con- secrated the church of Cill-Bheacain, in Mus- craighe-Chuirc, on the north side of Sliabh gCrot. For the varieties of form of the names of the Irish saints, by prefixing mo, oa, or oo, and postfixing an, en, in, 05, oc, see note on Mochaemhog, under the year 655.
« Fearghus, son o/Lodan. — " A. D. 691 . Fer- gus mac Aedain rex in Coicid [provincial] obiit. Luna in sanguineum colorem in Natali S. Martini versa est." — Ann. Ult.
" Diraith — " A. D. 492. Dirath, Episcopus Fernan et Bran nepos Faelain rex Lageniensium et Cellach, mac Ronain, mortui sunt." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 688. Dyrath, Bushop of Femes, and Bran, nephew" [recte grandson] " to Foylan, king of Lynster, died." — Ann. Clon.
The festival of Diraith, Bishop of Ferns, is marked in O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 27th August, and it is added that he died in the year 690.
' Osraighi: i. e. the People of Ossory, some- times considered a part of Munster, because they were generally tributary to the king of that province. This battle is noticed in the Annals of Ulster under the year 692.
k A shower of blood. — This is not given in the Annals of Ulster, but it is entered in the Annals of Tighernach at the year 693, which add that the blood flowed in streams for three days and three nights. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, the battle between Leinster and Ossory, these prodigies are given under the year 688, thus :
" A. D. 688. There was a battle between Lynstermen and those of Ossorie, wherein Foyl- chor O'Moyloyer was slain. It reigned [rained] Blood in Lynster this year ; butter was turned into the colour of Blood ; and a wolf was seen and heard speak with human voice."
296 aNNdta Rioshachca eiraeaNN.
imm arm beop hi paipcib cjio -) pola, comba poppell Do each i coiccinne e. Qcclop an pool 05 labaipc DO glop oaonna, gomba haouac la cac.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo nochac a haon. Qn cochcmaD bliaDain Decc t>phfnpneachca. becpota eppcop oecc. hUiDpeirn TTlhaijhe bile Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceD nochac a oo. Qn naorhao bliabam Decc Dphion- acca. Cponari becc, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc 6 Qppil. Cponan balnae [oecc].
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo nochac acpf. ^aimioe Cujmaio Decc. TTleann boipne, abb QchaiD bo, Decc. lap mbeich pice bliabam hi pijhe Gpeann ophionachca pleaoac, mac Ounchaoha, Do cfp la hQob, mac nOlucaij, mic Qililla, mic Qooa Slaine, coipec pfp Cul, ~| la Conjalach, mac Conaing, mic Congaile, mic QoDa Slami, hi each, hie 5rea^a'S ^ollaich. Oo pocaip beop bpeapal, mac pionnacca, ipin each fpm anaon pia a achaip. Uabj, mac pailbe, Do mapbaoh hi n^hnn n^aimin.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo nochac a cfcaip. Qn ceio bliabam Do Loi.njpeac, mac Qonjupa, hi pijhe nGpeann. Loicheine ITleann, eagnaib, abb Cille Dapa, Decc. Cummeni TTlujDopne 065. pinngume mac Cof jen macaip, pi
At the year 685 the Saxon Chronicle records pits, quievit. Huidren Campi Bile quievit." —
that a shower of blood fell that year in Britain, Ann. Hit.
and that the milk and butter were moreover m Cronan Beg: " A. D. 693. Cron Beg, Abbas
turned into blood. Caradoc says, that in the Cluana mic Nois, obiit. Obitus Cronain Balni." —
fifth year of Ivor, King of the Britons, who Ann. UU.
began his reign A. D. 689, showers of blood fell " A. D. 689. Cronan Beag, Abbott of Clon-
in Britain and Ireland, which caused the milk vicnose, died." — Ann. Clon.
and the butter to be turned into a sanguine co- " Gaimide. — " A. D. 694. Gaimide Lugmaid
lour. — See Caradoci Hist. Brit. Land., 1702, dormivit. Quies Min-Bairen, Abbatis Acha-bo."
p. 15, and also the Philosophical Transactions, — Ann. Ult.
vol. xix. p. 224. Giraldus, in his Topographia " A. D. 690. Myn Baireann, Abbott of Achabo,
Hibernice, dist. ii. c. 19, tells a long story about died." — Ann. Clon.
a wolf which spoke to a certain priest in Meath, ° He was slain — The Annals of Tighernach
and predicted that the English would conquer agree with the Four Masters. In the Annals
Ireland on account of the sins of the Irish; but of Ulster the death of Finsnechta is entered
it would appear from the story, that this was not under the year 694, and in the Annals of Clon-
a real wolf, but one of the human inhabitants of macnoise at 690, thus :
Ossory, two of whom were turned into wolves " A. D. 694. Finsnechta rex Temro, et Bresal,
every seventh year, in consequence of a curse pro- flius sum, jugvlati sunt a nGreallaig Dollaith ab
nounced against that territory by St. Natalis. Aed mac Dluthaigh, et a Congalach, mac Conaing,
1 Becfhola.—" A. D. 693. Beccfhola, Episco- mic Aeda Slaine."— Ann. Ult.
691-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 297
Butter was there also turned into lumps of gore and blood, so that it was manifest to all in general. The wolf was heard speaking with human voice, which was horrific to all.
The Age of Christ, 691. The eighteenth year of Finshneachta. Becfhola1, bishop, died. Huidhreini of Magh-bile [Movilla], died.
The Age of Christ, 692. The nineteenth year of Finachta. Cronan Begm, abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died on the 6th of April. Cronan Balnae [i. e. of Balla], died.
The Age of Christ, 693. Gaimide" of Lughmhaidh, died. Meann Boirne, abbot of Achadh-bo, died. After Finachta Fleadhach, son of Dunchadh, had been twenty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain0 by Aedh, son of Dluthach, son of Ailill, son of Aedh Slaine, chief of Feara-Culp, and Congalach, son of Conaing, son of Congal, son of Aedh Slaine, in a battle at Greallach- Dollaithq. Breasal, son of Finachta, also fell in this battle along with his father. Tadhg, son of Failbhe, was killed in Gleann-Gaimhinr.
The Age of Christ, 694. The first year of Loingseach8, son of Aenghus, in the sovereignty of Ireland. Loichene Meann', the Wise, Abbot of Kildare, died. Cummeni of Mughdhorna [Cremorne] died. Finnguine, son of Cu-gan-
" A. D. 690. King Finaghty was killed by pellium, which is the true translation of Gleann-
Hugh mac Dluhie, son of Hugh Slane, at a Gaimhean, but it has no connexion with Pelli-
place called Greallagh Tollye, and Prince Breas- par Manor, in this territory, which is not older
sal, the king's son." — Ann. Clon. than the plantation of Ulster.
p Feara-Cul — This, which is otherwise called " Loingseach. — " A. D. 695. Loingsech mac
Feara-Cul-Breagh, is a territory in Bregia, com- Aengusa regnare incipit." — Ann. Ult.
prising the barony of Kells, in the county of "A. D. 689- Longseagh.mac Enos began his
Meath. The parishes of Moybolgue and Emlagh reign, and was king 8 years." — Ann. Clon.
are mentioned as in this terrritory SeeO'Clery's O'Flaherty follows the Annals of Ulster in
Irish Calendar, at 5th April and 26th No- placing the accession of this monarch in 695.
vember. ' Loichene Meann, fyc "A. D. 695. Jugulatio
q Greallach-Dollaith. — This is probably the Domhnaill, filii Conaill Crandamhnai. Finguine
place called, in Irish, Greallach, and anglice mac Cucenmathair" [Canis sine matre, Cod. Cla-
Girley, situated about two miles to the south rend. 49], " rex Mumhan, moritur. Fergal
of the town of Kells, in Meath. Aidne, at Fianamail, mac Maennaic, moriuntur.
' Gleann-Gaimhin: otherwise Gleann-Geimhin. Locheni Sapiens, Abbas Cille-daro jugulatus est.
This was the old name of the vale of the River Cummene Mugdorne pausat. Congalach, mac
Koe, near Dungiven, in the county of London- Conaing, /Zu Congaile^tY Aedo Slaine moritur."
derry. In the Annals of Ulster this is called vattis — Ann. Ult.
2Q
298
[695.
TTliiman, oeg. pfpgal Qibne, pi Connachc, 065, mac pibe ^uaipe Qibne. pianarhail, mac TTIaenaich, 065. Congalach, mac Conamj, mic Congaile, mic Qo6a Slaine, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo nochac a cuij. Qn oapa blia&am Do Loingpeac. Caipm, pcpibnib 6 tupcca, 065. rDaolpochapcaig, mac TTIaolouib, njfpna na nQipjiall, Decc. ITIajh ITIuipcemne DO pdpujab la bpfcnoib -| la hUlcoib. lomaipecc Cpanocha, ou map mapbab pfpabac, mac TTlaileDoich.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo nochac ape. Qn cpfp bliabam Do Lomjpeac. 8. TTlolms Luacpa eppcop, Decc an 17 Ulan. Cach i cUuloij 5aPPaircc> ' bphfpnmaijj, bail in po mapbab Concobap TTIacha, mac ITlaoileouin, coipec na nGipcfp,"] Qob Qipeo, coipec Oal Gpaiohe. TTluipjiup, mac TTlaileDum, cijfpna Cfneoil Coipppe, Decc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, pe ceo nochac a peachc. Qn cfrpamab bliabam DO Loing- peac. popanoan, abb Cille Dapa, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pe ceo nochac a hochc. Qn cuicceab bliabam Do Lomj-
" Lusca. — Now Lusk, in the barony of Bal- ruddery, about twelve miles north of the city of Dublin. The word lupca signifies a cave, crypt, or subterranean habitation, and is ex- plained ceac calrhan [a house in the earth] by O'Clery. Theseevents, and others totally omitted by the Four Masters, are given in the Annals of Ulster as follows, under the year 696 i
" A. D. 696. Taracin de regno expulsus est. Ferchar Foda moritur. Adomnanus ad Hiber- niam pergit, et dedit legem innocentium populis. Euchu nepos Domhnaill jugvlatus est. Maelfo- thartaig, macMaelduib, rex na nAirgiall mortuus est. Imarecc Cranchae, ubi cecidit Feradach mac Maeledoith. Moling Luachra dormitnt. Britones et Ulaid vastaverunt campum Murtheimne. Cas- san, scriba Luscan, quievit.
" Crannach : i.e. Arborous Place or Woodland. There are many places of this name in Ireland, but nothing has been discovered to prove the situation of the one here referred to.
1 St. Moling Luachra — He erected a church at a place originally called Eos-broc, now Tigh-
Moling, anglice St. Mullin's, on the River Bar- row, in the Kavanaghs' country, in the county of Carlow, where his festival was celebrated on the 17th of June. In the Annals of Clonmac- noise the death of St. Moling is entered under the year 692, as follows :
" A. D. 692. Moling Lwachra, a man for whose holyness and sainctity King Finaghty remitted the great taxation of the Borowe of the Lynstermen, died."
According to the ancient historical tale called Borumha-Laighean, St. Moling obtained a re- mission of this taxation while the celebrated Adamnan was in Ireland (for some account of which see Bede, lib. v. c. 15), and contrary to the latter's will, who wished that the Leinster- men should pay it to the race of Tuathal Teachtmhar for ever. It appears, however, that Moling's sanctity prevailed against the repre- sentative of Tuathal and his aristocratic rela- tive, Adamnan, Abbot of lona; for by a singular use of the ambiguity of the Irish word lunn (which means Monday, and also the day of
695.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
299
mathair, King of Munster, died. Fearghal Aidhne, King of Connaught, died ; he was the son of Guaire Aidhne. Fianmhail, son of Maenach, died. Conga- lach, son of Conaing, son" of Conghal, son of Aedh Slaine, died.
The Age of Christ, 695. The second year of Loingseach. Caisin, scribe of Luscau, died. Maelfothartaigh, Lord of the Oirghialla, died. The devasta- tion of Magh-Muirtheimhne by the Britons and Ulidians. The battle of Cran- nachw, wherein Fearadhach, son of Maeldoith, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 696. The third year of Loingseach. St. Moling Lu- achrax, bishop, died on the 13th of May. A battle [was fought] at Tulach- Garraisg, in Fearnmhagh5', wherein were slain Conchobhar Macha, son of Mael- duin, chief of the Airtheara [Oriors], and Aedh Aired, chief of Dal- Araidhe. Muirghius", son of Maelduin, Lord of Cinel-Cairbre, died.
The Age of Christ, 697. The fourth year of Loingseach. Forannan", Abbot of Kildare, died.
The Age of Christ, 698. The fifth year of Loingseach. Aedh, Anchoriteb
judgment), in his covenant with the monarch, he abolished this exorbitant tribute, not till Monday, as the monarch understood, but till the day of judgment, as the saint intended.1 A writer in the Dublin University Magazine for February, 1848, p. 225, says that "it would have been better for the people of Leinster to have continued to pay the Borumean tribute to this day, than that their Saint Moling should have set an example of clerical special pleading and mental reservation, in the equivocation by which he is represented to have procured their release from that impost." On this it may be observed that if St. Moling was really guilty of this equivocation, his notions of morality were not of a very lofty pagan character, and not at all in accordance with the doctrine of the Gospel and the practice of the primitive Chris- tians ; but it is to be suspected that the equi- vocation had its origin in the fanciful brain of the author of the historical romance called Borumha-Laighean, who displays his own, not St. Moling's, morality, in the many strange in-
2Q
cidents with which he embellishes the simple events of history. We may very easily believe that Adamnan wished that the race of Tuathal Teachtmhar should for ever remain the domi- nant family in Ireland ; but were we to believe that he was such a person as this story repre- sents him to have been, we should at once reject as fictitious the character of him given by Ve- nerable Bede, who describes him as " Vir bonus et sapiens, et scientia scripturarum nobilissime instructus." — Eccl. Hist., lib. v. c. 15.
' Tulach-Garraisg, in Fearnmhagh This
name would be anglicised Tullygarrisk, but there is no place now bearing the name in Fearnmhagh, or the barony of Farney, in the county of Monaghan.
1 Muirghim, fyc " A. D. 697. Afors Muir-
gisa, mic Maelduin, regis Generis Coirpri." — Ann. Ult.
* Forannan, fyc. — " A. D. 697. MOTS Forannain Abbatis Cille-dara, et Maelduin mic Mongain." Ann. Ult.
b Aedh, Anchorite. — This was the Aidus of
2
300
[699-
f-eac. dob Clncoipe, 6 Slebhnu, oecc. lapnlair, abb Cipmoip, Decc. arhail Ua Ounchaoha, coipec Oal T?iaoai,-| plann, mac Cinnpaolaib, mic Suibne, roipec CeneilGojain, DO mapbab. GuprhuileUa Cpunnmaoil, coipec Cenil Gojain, Dionnapbab ap in pijhe, i mbpfcam. piano Pino, mac TTlaoil- cuile hUi Cpunomaoil, coipec Cenil Gojain, Decc. Conall, mac Suibne, coipec na nOeip, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ye cen nochac anaoi. Ctn peipeab Do Loinjpeac. Colman, Linne Uachaille, Decc an 30 ttlapca. Qilill, mac Cut gan macaip, pi rtlurhan, Decc. Conall, mac Ooinfnnoij, coipeac Ua pmseince. Niall Ua Cfpnaij DO mapbab i nOpoman Ua Capan, la hlopjalac, mac Conaing.
Qoip Cpiof c, feachu cceo. Qn peachcrhab bliabain DO Coinspeac. Col- man Ua hGipc, abb Cluana lopaipD, 065. TTluipfbach Tnuige hQaoi, pig Connachc, mac pfpgupa, 6 crdc Siol TTluipeabai^, Deg. lopgalac Ua Con-
Sleibte mentioned in Tirechan's Annotations on the Life of St. Patrick, preserved in the Book of Armagh.
0 Sleib/ite. — Now Sleaty, or Sletty, on the western margin of the River Barrow, a short distance to the north of the town of Carlow. In the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, quoted by Ussher (Primordia, p. 864), the situation of Ci- vitas Sleibhti is described as " juxta flumen Ber- bha in Campo Albo." This church was called from its situation near Sliabh Mairge. These obits are entered in the Annals of Ulster under the year 699 : " Quies Aedo Anachorite o [de] Sleibtiu. Dormitatio larnlaig Abbatis Lismoir. Fiannainn nepos Duncho, rex Dalriati, et Flann, mac Cinnfaelad, mic Suibne, jugulati sunt. Aur- thuile, nepos Cruinmail, de regno expulsus, in Britanniam pergit. Flann Albus mac Maeltuile, nepos Crunmail, de Genere Eugain moritur." The same annals contain the following im- portant notices, totally omitted by the Four Masters :
"A. D. 699. Accensa eat bovina mortalitas in Hibernia in Kalendis Februarii in Campo Trego i Tethbai" [Moytra, in the county of Longford]. "•Fames et pestilentia tribns annis in Hibernia
facta est, ut homo hominem comederet."
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, which are very meagre about this period, the notices of the murrain and famine, &c., are entered under the years 694 and 695, thus :
"A. D. 694. A great morren of cows through- out .all England."
" A. D. 695. The same morren of cowes came into Ireland next year, and began in Moyhrea in Teaffa. Hugh of Sleiwtyve, Anchorite, died. There was such famyne and scarsitie in Ireland for three years together, that men and women did eat one another for want."
d Conall, son of Suibhne " A. D. 700. Jugu-
latio Conaill, mic Suibhne, regis na nDesi." — Ann. UU.
e Linn- Uachaille : otherwise called Linn-Uua- chaille, now Magheralin, on the Eiver Lagan, (which was anciently called Casan-Linne as well as Abhainn-Locha, the Eiver of the Lough), about five miles north-west of Dromore, in the county of Down. Colgan has put together, at 30th March, all the scattered notices that he could find of St. Colman of this place, who was son of Luachan, of the royal house of Niall of the Nine Hostages. He quotes the Annotations
699.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
301
of Sleibhte", died. larnla, Abbot of Lis-mor, died. Fianamhail Ua Dunchadha, chief of Dal-Riada, and Flann, son of Ceannfaeladh, son of Suibhne, chief of Cinel-Eoghain, were slain. Aurthuile Ua Crunnmaeil, chief of Cinel-Eoghain, was driven from his chieftainry into Britain. Flann Finn, son of Maeltuile Ua Crunnmaeil, chief of Cinel-Eoghain, died. Conall, son of Suibhned, chief of the Deisi, died.
The Age of Christ, 699. The sixth year of Loingseach. Colman, of Linn- Ua-chaillee, died on the 30th of March. AililF, son of Cuganmathair, King of Munster, died. Conall, son of Doineannaigh, chief of Ui-Fidhgeinte, [died]. Niall Ua Cearnaigh was killed at Droman-Ua-Casan8, by Irgalach-Ua-Conaingh.
The Age of Christ, 700. The seventh year of Loingseach. Colman-Ua- hEirc, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard], died. Muireadhach of Magh-Aei', King of Connaught, son of Fearghus, from whom are the Sil-Muireadhaigh,
of Cathaldus Maguire on the Feilire-Aenguis, to show that Uaohuill, or Duachaill, was the name of a demon who infested this place before St. Colman's time : " Quod erat nomen dcemonis in Cassan-Linne, qui nocebat multis ante Colma- num." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 793, n. I'O.
f Ailill, fyc. — " A. D. 700. Bovina adhuc mor- talitas. Ailill, mac Con-sine-matre, rex Muman, moritur. Conall mac Doinennaig, rex Nepotum Figeinti, moritur. Occisio Neill, mic Cearnaig. Irgalach, nepos Conaing, occidit ilium." — Ann. UU.
* Droman-Ua-Cassan. — The Ridge or Long Hill of the Ui-Casain. Not identified.
h Irgalach- Ua- Conaing — It is stated in a poem describing the remains at Tara, that Adamnan cursed this chieftain at a synod held in the liath of the Synods on Tara Hill — See Petrie's History and Antiquities of Tara Hill, pp. 122, 148. Adamnan came to Ireland in the year 697, according to the Annals of Tighernach. It appears from Bede, lib. v. c. 15, that his prin- cipal object in visiting Ireland on this occasion was to preach to the people about the proper
time of keeping Easter See note under the
year 704.
j Magh-Aei. — Now Machaire-Chonnacht, a large plain in the county of Eoscommon, lying between the towns of Roscommon and Elphin and Castlerea and Strokestown — See note h, under A. D. 1189, p. 87. The people called the Sil-Muireadhaigh were the O'Conors of this plain, and their correlatives, who, after the establishment of surnames, branched into va- rious families and spread themselves over the neighbouring territories, as the Mac Dermots, Mac Donoughs, O'Beirnes, O'Flanagans, Mage- raghtys, O'Finaghtys. — See note m, under the year 1174, pp. 12, 13. Some of these entries, and others omitted by the Four Masters, are given in the Annals of Ulster under the year 700, and some under 701, as follows :
" A. D. 700. Colman Aue Oirc, Ceallach mac Maeleracha Episcopus Dichuill, Abbas Cluaua Auis mortui sunt.
" A. D. 701. Muredach Campi Ai moritur. Irgalach, nepos Conaing, a Britonibus juyulatus in Insi mic Nechta. Maicnia rex Nepotum Echdach Ulat" [Iveagh, ef] " Ailill mac Cinnfaelad, rex Cianachta, mortui sunt. Garba Mide, et Colgga mac Moenaig, Abbas Lusca, et Luathfoigde, et Cracherpais, sapientes mortui sunt."
302 awwaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [701.
amg DO rhapbab la bpfcnuibh. C(eD, mac Olucai£, 065. Conall, mac Suibne, cijfpna na nOeipi, Decc. Ceallach, mac TTlaelepoca eppcop, Oiucuill, abb Cluana hGoip, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceD a haon. paoloobaip Clocaip Decc 29 lun. lap mbfich ochc mbliabnd hi pighe Gpeann DO Loingpeach, mac Qonjupa, mic Oomnaill, DO pochaip, hi ccarh Copamn, la Ceallach Locha Cime, mac TCajallaij, amail Deapbup Cellach ipm pann,
6a uilcc cuilcc, macan pombi oc <5^aT cuilcc,
6eopa Loingpeac ano DO chailj (aipDpi Gpeann ima cuipo) .1. ima cuaipc,
Uopcpaeap cpa a epf meic imailli pip, Qprjal, Conachrach,-] planD 5^55- Ro mapbaic Din Da mac Colcfn ann, "] Ouboibfps, mac Ounjaile, -\ pfpjup popcpairh, i Conall 5a^Pail apoile paepclanna cenmocacpiDe. Conall Tlleann, mac Caipbpe, po paib na poinnpi, ~\ ba heipioen pochann an carha,
Oia ci Loinjpeach Don bannai, co na cpiocha ceo imme, J5'allpai&, ciD leabaip a bach, Cellach Liarh Locha Cimme. Uecpaioh Ceallach ceipcle cpuinne, cpo cpia pinne bo6b mop linje La pij LairhDfpcc Locha Cimme.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD a Do. Qn ceio bliabam DO Congal Cinn
k Clochar. — Now Clogher, the head of an an- " A. D. 699- King Loyngseagh, with his
cient episcopal see in the county of Tyrone. three sons, named Artghall, Connaghtagh, and
The name is said to have been derived from a Flann Gearg, were slain in the battle of Corann,
stone called Cloch-oir, i. e. golden-stone, at the 4th of the Ides of July, the 6th hour of
which the pagan Irish worshipped a false god Saturday." — Ann. Clon.
called Kerman Kelstach See O'Flaherty's m Corann. — A famous ancient territory, now
Ogygia, part iii. c. 22. The Annals of Ulster a barony in the county of Sligo. — See O'Fla-
also place the death of Faeldobor Clochair in herty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 69-
this year. n Loch Cime. — This was the ancient name of
1 Loingseach. — "A. D. 702. Bellum Corainn, Lough Hackett, in the parish of Donaghpatrick,
in quo cecidit Loingseach mac Oengusa, rex Hi- barony of Clare, and county of Galway — See
bernice, i. e. mac Domhnaill, mic Aed, mic Ain- note p, under A. M. 3506, p. 32, supra. mirech, la [per] Ceallach Locha Cime mac Ea- ° Testifies. — It is stated intheLeabhar-Gabhala
dallaig, cum tribus filiis suis, et duo filii Colgen, et of the O'Clerys, p. 194, that Ceallach composed
Dubdibergg, mac Dungaile, Fergus Forcraith, these lines to boast of his triumph over Loing-
et Congal Gabhra, et ceteri multi duces : iv. Id. seach. From Fearghus, the brother of this
Julii, sexta hora die Sabbathi hoc bellum confectum Ceallach, all the O'Conors of Connaught, and
est." — Ann. UU. other septs, are descended.
701.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 303
died. Irgalach Ua Conaing was killed by the Britons. Aedh, son of Dluthach, died. Conall, son of Suibhne, Lord of the Deisi, died. Ceallach, son of Mael- roca, bishop, [and] Diucuill, Abbot of Cluain-Eois [Clones], died.
The Age of Christ, 701. Faeldobhair of Clochar11 died on the 2 9th of June. After Loingseach1, son of Aenghus, son of Domhnall, had been eight years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was slain in the battle of Corann"1, by Ceallach of Loch Cimen, the son of Raghallach, as Ceallach himself testifies0 in this quatrain :
For his deeds of ambition, on the morning he was slain at Glais-Chuilg ; I wounded Loingseach there with a sword, the monarch of [all] Ireland round.
There were slain also his three sons along with him, Artghal, Connachtach, and Flann Gearg. There were also slain there the two sons of Colcen, and Dubh- dibhearg, son of Dunghal, and Fearghus Forcraith, and Conall Gabhra, and other noblemen besides them. Conall Meann, son of Cairbre, composed these quatrains, and that was the cause of the battle :
If Loingseach" should come to the Banna, with his thirty hundred about him, To him would submit, though large his measure, Ceallach the Grey, of Loch
Cime.
Ceallach of the round stones was well trained; a paling of spears was leaped over By the Redhanded King of Loch Cime.
The Age of Christ, 702. The first year of Congal of Ceann Maghairq, son
" If Loingseach — This quatrain is quoted by i Ceann- Maghair. — This place is still so called Michael O'Clery, in his Glossary, under the in Irish, and anglicised Kinnaweer, and is si- word biuc ; but the reading he gives there is tuated at the head of Mulroy Lough, in the different from that in the Annals, and is as barony of Kilmacrenan, and county of Donegal, follows: —See note x, under A. D. 1392, p. 725. In
"Da DC! Ceallac oon Banna, Sona cp.oca.o the old translation of the Annals of Ulst*r, ceo i me preserved in Cod. Claren. torn. 49, the accession
frullfaiD c.oh leaBaip a bhiac, Cealtac of Con£al is thus noticed under 704, which is
liac loca Cime." the true vear : " Congal mac Fergusa regnare
incipit in Cenn-Magair .i. Fanad." In the An-
" If Ceallach should come to the Bann, with nals of Clonmacnoise it is noticed under 701 :
his thirty hundred about him, " Congall Ceanmayor reigned King of Ireland
He should submit, though long his penis, Ceal- 1 9 years, and died of a sudden sickness." — See
lach the Grey of Loch Cime." O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 93, p. 43.
304
[703.
ITIajaip, mic pfpjupa panan, uap Gpinr hi pighe. Colman mac pionnbaip, abb Lip moip, Decc. Cach pop Cloin ach, pia Ceallach Cualonn, pop Pogap- cach (lapom na pi Gpfnn) Ua Cfpnoigh, aipm in po mapb'aD boobchab TTlibe, mac Diapmaoa, -] po meabaib pop po^apcach.
CtoipCpiopc, peachc cceo acpi. Gn Dapa bliabam Do Cental. Gbarhnan, mac Ronain, abb lae Coluim Cille, Decc an 23 DO Sepcembep, mp mbeic pe bliabna pichfc i naboame, -| mp peacr mbliabna peachcmojar a aoipe. ba maich cpa an ci naorh Qoamnan, Do peip piabnaipi naoim beoa, oip ba Depach, ba haicpi^ech, ba hupnuijrech, ba hinneirrhech, ba haomcech, -| ba mfpapba, oaij ni loingfoh DO pip ace Dia Oorhnaij -| Dia Dapoaom nama.
' Colman, son ofFinribhar. — " A. D. 702. Col- man mac Finbair, Abbas Lismoir, moritur" — Ann. UU.
' Claen-ath. — Now Claenadh, or Clane, in the county of Kildare :
" A. D. 703. Bdlum pop Cloenath" [at Cloe- nath, Cod. Clarend. 49], "ubi victor full Ceallach Cualann, in quo cecidit Bodbcath Mide mac Diarmato. Focartach nepos Cernaig fugiV — Ann. Ult.
' Adamnan, son of Bonan — The pedigree of this illustrious man is given in the Genealogies of the Saints compiled by the O'Clerys, up to Heremon, son of Milesius. He was the seventh in descent from Conall Gulban, the common ancestor of the tribes of Tirconnell. Adamnan was the son of Ronan, who was son of Tinne, who was son of Aedh, son of Colman, son of Sedna, son of Fearghus Ceannfada, son of Conall Gulban — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 480.
" St. Beda. — Venerable Bede calls Adamnan, " Vir bonus et sapiens et scientia scripturarum nobilissime instructus," in his Eccl. Hist., lib. v. c. 15. He says, in the same chapter, that after his return from England, whither he had been sent by his nation, as an ambassador to King Alfred, he endeavoured to bring his people of Hii to the true observation of Easter, which he had learned and warmly embraced in England,
but that in this he could not prevail. That he . then sailed over into Ireland to preach to the Irish, and that by modestly declaring the legal time of Easter he reduced many of them, and almost all that were not under the dominion of Hii, to the Roman or Catholic mode, and taught them to keep the legal time of Easter. During his stay in Ireland, he is said to have censured the monarch for having remitted the Borumean tribute to the Leinstermen, in proof of which the O'Clerys have inserted in their Leabhar- Gabhcda an Irish poem condemnatory of Fi- nachta Fleadhach, by whom it was remitted. In this poem Adamnan is made to say, that, were he Finachta, and King of Tara, he would not do what Finachta had done ; and adds, "maipj pi po riiair a ciopa," "wo to the king who for- gave his rents," " ap maipj leanap DO liaru," " wo to those who follow grey-headed men ;" and that if he were a king, he would erect for- tifications, fight battles, and subjugate his ene- mies. He is also said to have promulgated a law among the Irish called Cain Adhamhnain, and lex innocentium in the Annals of Ulster, at the year 696. This law exempted women from
going on expeditions or into battles See the
Leabhar Breac, fol. 38, b. ; and the Book of Le- can, fol. 166, p. a. col. 4. After having estab- lished this law at a synod held at Tara, and
703.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
305
of Fearghus of Fanaid, in sovereignty over Ireland. Colman, son of Finnbharr, abbot of Lis-mor, died. A battle [was fought] at Claen-ath8 by Ceallach Cua- lann, against Fogartach Ua-Cearnaigh, who was afterwards King of Ireland, wherein Bodhbhchadh of Meath, son of Diarmaid, was slain, and Fogartach was defeated.
The Age of Christ, 703. The second year of Congal. Adamnan, son of Ronan', abbot of la-Coluim Cille, died on the 23rd of September, after having been twenty-six years in the abbacy, and after the seventy-seventh year of his age. Adamnan was a good man, according to the testimony of St. Bedau, for he was tearful, penitent, given to prayer, diligent, ascetic, and temperate ; for he never used to eat excepting on Sunday and Thursday only ; he made a slave
after having celebrated the canonical Easter in Ireland, he returned to Hii or lona, where he most earnestly inculcated the observance of the Catholic or Roman time of Easter in his monas- tery, but without being able to prevail ; and Bede remarks that it so happened that he departed this life before the next year came round, the divine goodness so ordaining it, that, as he was a great lover of peace and unity, he should be taken away to everlasting life before he should be obliged, on the return of the time of Easter, to quarrel still more seriously with those that would not follow him in the truth.
Of Adamnan's works we have still remaining, 1. his Vita Columbce, which is a remarkable piece of biography, in the purest style of Latin then in use. Mr. Pinkerton says that, " among the Irish writers, Adamnan has given in the Life of Columba the most complete piece of biography that all Europe can boast of, not only at so early a period, but through the whole middle ages." 2. His account of the holy places in Judea, from the relation of Arculph, a French bishop, and which he presented to King Alfred. An abridgment of this was given by Bede, but Mabillon has published it at full length. There are other prose tracts and poems in Irish, which are ascribed to him, but these have not been
2
yet published or translated. The death of Adamnan is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 703, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 700, but the true year is 704.
" A. D. 703. Adomnanus Ixxviianno etatis sue Abbas Jce, pausat." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 700. Adawnanus, Abbott of Hugh, in the 78th year of his age, died ; of whom Syonan, in Kynealeagh, is named in Irish [Since Goamnam], which is as much in Eng- lish as the seat of Adawnan ; but no church land, as I take it." — Ann. Clon.
The Syonan, here referred to, is the name of a townland containing the ruins of a castle, in the parish of Ardnurcher, barony of Moycashel,
and county of Westmeath See the Ordnance
Map of that county, sheet 31, and also the Mis- cellany of the Irish Archaeological Society, vol. i. p. 197, note w. According to the tradition in the country, St. Adamnan, on his visit to Ire- land, preached to his relatives, the- race of Fia- cha, son of Niall, on a hill in this townland, which has ever since been dignified by his name. The churches at which the memory of St. Adamnan was particularly venerated are those of Raphoe and Drumhome, in Tircon- nell, Dunbo, in Kienachta, and Skreen, in Tire- ragh, in Connaught. According to O'Clery's B
306 dNNata Rio^hachca eii?eaNN. [704.
Oo pome mogh De pein Do na pubailcibpi,-| beop ba heagnaiD, eolach illeipe cuicpiona an naoimpcpiopcupa nmba. Ceallach mac T?aj;allai5h, pi Con- Dachr, lap noul Do pa cuing clepcecca Decc. lomaipecc CopcmoDpuaD, bail in po mapbaDh Celechap, mac Commain.
Goip Cpiopc, peachc cceo a cfcaip. Gn cpeap BliaDam DO Conjal. CfnnpaolaD Ua Qoba 6picc, abb bfnocaip, Decc an 8 Qppil. Oaconna Oaipi, -] Cealldn, mac Seachnapaij, eccnaiD, Decc. Oippene Ppemann, mac "fiall- uipr, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Oo Calpaije Uerhba a cenel. Concubap, mac TTlaeiliDuin, coipec Ceniuil Coipppe. 6ecc 6oipche, pi Ula6, Do jabdil bachlae, -| a ecc ma oibrpe, i poipcfnn Da bliaDan Decc mp pin. plann peabla, mac Sgannlam, abb Qpoa TTlacha, DO ecc.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceD a cuig. Qn cfcpamaD bliabam DO Conjal. Coibofnach, eppcobQpDa ppacha, Decc 26 Nouembep. Conobap, abbpobaip, Decc 3 Nouembep. Inpechrach, mac OunchaDha TTluipipcce, pi na cceopa Connachc, Do mapbaD la pfpgal, mac TTlaoileDuin, -\ la pfpjal mac Loinj- pich, mic Qongupa, i la Conall TTlfnO, roipec Ceniuil Coipppe. Sloicchfoh la Conjal Cino TTlajaip, mac pfpgupa panac, pop Laijnib, co crapac a peip uaboib. Qj cochr Do Don rploijfb hipm acbepc Congal innpo :
Irish Calendar, his body was buried at lona, determined by Sliabh gCalraighe, now Slieve
but his reliques were afterwards removed to Golry, near the village of Ardagh — See note
Ireland. on Sliabh Callraighe Bri-Leith under A. D.
" Ceallach __ "A. D. 704. Ceallach mac Ro- 1444, p. 937.
gallaigh, Bex Connacht, post clericatum obiit." b Beg Boirche __ " A. D. 706. The Crostaff
1 Corcmodhruadh — Now Corcomroe, a barony [Cross-staff] of Bee Bairrche." — Ann. Ult. ; Cod.
in the west of the county of Clare. Clarend., torn. 49. — See Dr. O'Conor's note on
" A. D. 704. Bellum Corcomodhruadh, ubi this passage in his edition of the Annals of
cecidit Celachar, mac Comain." — Ann. Ult. Ulster, pp. 70, 71, where he quotes various au-
' Ceannfaeladh. — "A. D. 704. Ceanfaela, nepos thorities to shew that persons were enjoined
Aedo Brie, Abbas Bennchair, dormivii." — Ann. various penances for crimes, before the seventh
Ult. century : " Clericus si genuerit filium vii annis
' Dachonna of Dairi : i. e. of Doire-Mochonna: poeniteat, vel exul portet cilicium et virgam.
" A. D. 705. Duchanna, et Oissene filius Gal- Cumean De Mensura pomitentiarum, c. 3. Si
luist, Abbas Cluana-mac-Nois, pausant. Bruide, quis Laicus per cupiditatem perjurat, totas
mac Derili moritur. Conchobar mac Maeleduin, res suas vendat, et donet Deo in pauperibus,
Rex Generis Coirpre jugulatur. Ceallan, mac et conversus in Monasterio usque ad mortem
Seachnusaig, sapiens, obiit." — Ann. Ult. serviat Deo. Si autem non per cupiditatem,
* Calraighe-Teathbha. — A territory in the sed quia mortis periculum incurrit, tribus annis
county of Longford, the position of which is inermis exul poeniteat in pane et aqua."-/J., c. 6.
704.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 307
of himself to these virtues ; and, moreover, he was wise and learned in the clear understanding of the holy Scriptures of God. Ceallachw, son of Raghallach, King of Connaught, died, after having gone under the yoke of priesthood. The battle of Corcmodhruadh*, in which Celechar, son of Comman, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 704, The third year of Congal. Ceannfaeladhy, grand- son of Aedh Breac, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died on the 8th of April. Dachonna of Dairi2, and Ceallan, son of Seachnasach, a wise man, died. Oissene of Freamhainn [Frewin], son of Gallust, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. He was of the tribe of Calraighe-Teathbha3. Conchubhar, son of Maelduin, chief of Cinel Cairbre [died]. Beg Boircheb, King of Ulidia, took a [pilgrim's] staff, and died on his pilgrimage at the end of twelve years afterwards. Flann Feabhlac, son of Scanlan, Abbot of Ard-Macha [Armagh], died.
The Age of Christ, 705. The fourth year of Congal. Coibhdeanachd, bishop of Ard-sratha, died on the 26th of November. Conodhar, abbot of Fobhar, died on the third of November. Inreachtach, son of Dunchadh Mui- risce, King of the tripartite Connaught, was slain by Fearghal, son of Maelduin, and Fearghal, son of Loingseach, son of Aenghus, and Conall Meann, chief of Cinel-Cairbre. A hosting6 was made by Congal of Ceann-Maghair, son of Fearghus of Fanaid, against the Leinstermen, and he obtained his demandf from them. On returning from this expedition Congal composed these lines:
c Flann Feabhla. — He is set down as arch- terremotus septimana in eadem, in mense Decem-
bishop of Armagh for twenty-seven years in the bris in Aquilonari parte Hibernie. Bachall Beicce
list of the prelates of Armagh preserved in the Bairche. Mors Colmain Aui Suibhne. Slogad
fragment of the Psalter of Cashel already often Congaile, filii Fergusa pop Laigniu. Duncha
referred to. He held a synod in Ireland, in the principatum Ice tenuit." — Ann. Ult.
year 697, at which Adamnan was present See * A hosting, floiccfo — This is the first occur-
Colgan's Ada SS., p. 473, and Trias Thaum., rence of the word floiccfo, henceforward so
p. 294, and also Harris's edition of Ware's Si- frequently used in the Irish Annals. It means
shops, p. 40. In the Annals of Ulster his death the making of an expedition, excursion, or in-
is entered under the year 7 1 4, and in the Annals cursion, with an army mustered for the pur-
of Clonmacnoise at 712. pose, like the old English word "hosting," by
d Coibhdeanach, §c — " A. D. 706. Conodhar which the Editor shall henceforward translate
Fabuir obiit. Occisio, Indrechtaig, mic Duncha, it. It is rendered " exercitus ductus," by Dr.
Muirscce, Fergal mac Maeleduin, et Fergal mac O'Conor, and " an army led," by the old trans-
Loingsig, et Conall Menn, rex Generis Coirpri, lator of the Annals of Ulster, in Cod. Clarend.,
occiderunt eum. Becc nepos Dunchado jugulatur. torn. 49. Coibdenach, Episcopus Ardsratha quievit. Duo ! His own demand. — This would seem to mean
308 aNNdta Rio^hadhca eiReawN. [706.
Celeab'aip Dam, a tippe, ay lop pooo bo hie jnaiy, Qlamn beppcdn pil pope, ba yldn co cpolc a Oun Ndiy. ba TTlaj Lippe mab co ye, inOiu ay ma£ ponaiche, Uicubpa Dia achpuine, aicfppach co naicniu.
Cach Lfchaipbe piacCon<5al,macpfp5oyapdnacc,popChenel nGoccain, ou inpomapbaoh TTlaolouin, mac TTlaoilipicpicch, cijjfpnaCheneoilnGoghain.
Qoiy Cpiopc, yeachc cceD aye. Qn cuicceab bliabain DO Congal. Cu- cuapdm, pi Cpuichne •] Ulab, DO mapbaoh la pionncom hUa Rondm. piachpa, mac Ounjaile, Do juin la Cpuicmu.
Qoiy Cpioyc, yeachc cceD a yeachc. Qn yeiyeab bliaDain Do Congal. TTlaolDobapcon, epycop Cille Dapa, Decc 19 pebpuapi. Carh Dola i TTlaij 6le, aipm in po mapbab Leachlobap, mac Gacac, CualaiD, i CuDionaiycc. Cach Seljge hi popchuachaib Laijfn, in po mapbao Da mac Ceallaij Cua- lann, piachpa,"] Pianamail, ~\ apaill DO bpfcnuib cangacap hi yocpaipe Ceallaij.
Qoiy Cpioyc, yeachc cceD, a hochc. Conamhail mac pailbe, abb lae, [oecc]. Colmdn, mac Seachnuyaij, abb Cochpa, Decc. lap mbfich yfchc mbliaDna hi pije nGpeann Do Conjal Cinnmajaip, mac pfpguya panac, po cacaim DO bfog aonuaipe. Cill Dapa Do lopccaD.
Qoiy Cpioyc, yeachc cceD anaoi. Qn ceio bliaDain Dpfpjal mac TTlaoile- Duin, mac TTlaoilepicpijh, hi pighe uay Gpinn. CfnDpaolaD, abb pobaip, Decc. Diccolan egnaiDe [oecc]. Uecgal, epycop 6 Lainn Gla, Decc 16 Qppil.
that he renewed the Borumean tribute. It is cendit." — Ann. Ult.
stated in the Leabhar Gabhala of the O'Clerys, k Fiachra. — " A. D. 709- Fiachra mac Dun- that Congal made this excursion to wreak his gaile apud Cruithne jugulate." — Ann. Ult. vengeance on the Leinstermen for the death of ' Maeldobharchon. — " A. D. 708. Maeldobor- his great grandfather, Aedh mac Ainmirech, con, Episcopus Cille-daro, pausavit." — Ann. Ult. whom the Leinstermen had slain in the battle of m Dola, in Magh-Ele. — Magh Ele, which Dun-bolg ; but that he obtained his oighreir, or should be Magh Elle, or Magh Eilne, is a plain full demand, from them without any opposition, on the east side of the River Bann, near the town
g Bid me farewell — These lines are also quoted of Coleraine. — See Eeeves's Ecclesiastical Anti-
by the O'Clerys, in their Leabhar Gabhala, p. 194. quities of the Diocese of Down and Connor, &c.,
h Leathairbhe. — Not identified. This entry is p. 330. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is
not in the Annals of Ulster. noticed under the year 708 :
' Cucuaran — " A. D. 507- Canis Cuaran, rex " A. D. 708. Bellum Dolo in Campo Eilni,
Cruithne, jugulatur. Bovina strages iterum in- ubi jugulati sunt Lethlabhar mac Echdach, Cual-
706.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 309
Bid me farewell6, O Liffe ! Long enough have I been in thy lap ;
Beautiful the fleece that is [was] on thee ; thou wert safe, except thy roof,
O fort of Nas !
The plain of Liffe was so till now, to-day it is a scorched plain ; I will come to rescorch it, that it may know a change.
The battle of Leathairbheh [was gained] by Congal, son of Fearghus Fanad, over the Cinel-Eoghain, where Maelduin, son of Maelfithrigh, Lord of the Cinel- Eoghain, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 706. The fifth year of Congal. Cucuaran1, King of the Cruithni and of Ulidia, was killed by Finnchu hUa Ronain. Fiachrak, son of Dunghal, was mortally wounded by the Cruithni.
The Age of Christ, 707. The sixth year of Congal. Maeldobharchon1, Bishop of Kildare, died on the 19th of February. The battle of Dolam, in Magh- Ele, where Leathlobhar, son of Eochaidh, Cu-allaidh, and Cu-dinaisc, were slain. The battle of Selgge", in Fortuatha-Laighean, wherein were slain the two sons of Ceallach Cualann, Fiachra and Fianamhail, and some of the Britons, who had joined the army of Ceallach.
The Age of Christ, 708. Conamhail0, son of Failbhe, Abbot of la, [died]. Colman, son of Seachnasach, Abbot of Lothra [Lorha], died. After Congal11 of Ceann-Maghair, son of Fearghus-Fanad, had been seven years in the sove- reignty of Ireland, he died of one hour's sickness. Cill-dara was burned.
The Age of Christ, 709. The first year of Fearghalq, son of Maelduin, sou of Maelfithrigh, in sovereignty over Ireland. Ceannfaeladhr, Abbot of Fobhar [Fore], died. Diccolan the Wise [died]. Tethghal, Bishop of Lann-Ela [Ly-
laidh et Cudinaiscc." — Ann. Ult. See note ', on Failbe, Abbas Ise, pausat. Colman, mac Sech-
Tola, at A. D. 571, p. 208, supra. nusaig, abbas Lothra, moritur." — Ann. Ult.
" Sdgge : i. e. a Place of Hunting. This was p Congal. — " A. D. 709. Congal mac Fergusa
the name of a place near Glendalough, in the Fanad" [mic Domhnail mic Aedha, mic Ain-
county of Wicklow. In the Annals of Ulster mire mic Sedna mic Fergusa Cinnfoda] " mic
this battle is noticed under the year 708, thus : Conaill Gulban, rex Temorie, subita nwrte pet-tit.
" A. D. 708. Edlwu Selgge hi Forthuathaibh- Combustio Cille-dara." — Ann. Ult.
Laighin, contra nepotes Cennselaigh, in quo ceci- q Fearghal. — " A. D. 709. Fergal mac Maele-
derunt duo filii Cellaich Cualann, Fiachra et duin regnare incipit." — Ann. Ult. O'Flaherty
Fiannamhail ; et Luirgg cum Britonibus Ceal- places his accession in the year 711.
lachi."— Ann. Ult. ' Ceannfaeladh.—" A. D. 710. Ceannfaela,
° Conamhail. — " A. D. 709. Conainn, mac abbas Fobair, moritur. Diccolan sapiens, et
310 QNNaca Rioghachca emeaNN. [710.
Ulccm, mac Cummine, Decc. Gppcop Uelca Olaint) [oecc]. Cach Slebe puaic pia ppeapjal pop Uib TTleic, in po mapbab Cnuchach, mac TTToch- loingi, coipec Ua TTleic, -| Cupoi, mac Qoba, mic Dluchaij.
Goip Cpiopc, peachc cceo a oeic. Qn oapa bliabam opfpjal. CoeDDi, eppcop lae, Decc. Oubgualai, abb ^i™16 Da ^°cha, Oecc. Ro pfpab lom- aipeccecippliochc QobaSlaine.in pomapbao Niall, macCfpnaij, la plann, mac Qoba, mic Olucaij. Cucfpca, coipec Oppaije, oecc. Imaipeacc la Caijnib Oeapgabaip, DU in po mapbab bpan Ua TTlaoilDuin i a mac. Oluch- ach, mac pirceallaij, Oo lopccab. Cach Chaipn pfpabaij lap an Dep ruaipgfproij, in po mapbat>h Copmac, mac pingin, pi TTluman.
CCoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo a haon noecc. Qn cpeap bliabain opfpjal. 6aocan, eppcop Inpi bo pinne, Decc. pailbe becc, abb Cluana mic Noip, oecc. Do 5a'^n5a'D Copainn Do. Copmac, mac Oiliolla, pi TTluman, Do mapbaoh hi ccach. Seachnupach, coipec Ua TTIaine, [DCCC]. Cuceapca, cijfpna Oppai je, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peace cceD aoo Decc. Cfn ceafpamab bliabain Dpepjal. lomaipecc eccip Damacbeiccboipche-] clannbpeapail.coipechaUa nGchac Ulab, 1 po meabaib pop cloinn bpeapail. pojrapcach Ua Cepnoij Dionnap- hab i vmbpeacnaib la pepjal pi Gpeann.
Ultan mac Cummieni, Episcopus Telca-Olain, tries shew that the Presbyterian writers are
moriuntur." — Ann. Ult. wrong in supposing that there were no bishops
• Tdach Olainn — This place is mentioned in at lona.
the Irish Calendar of O'Clery, at 23rd January wDubhgualai.—"A. D. 711. Dubgualai, Abbas
and at 7th August, as the church of St. Molaga, Glinne da locha, periit." — Ann. Ult.
but its situation is not pointed out — See Col- * A battle. — "A. D. 711. Bettum iiiier duos
gan's Acta Sanctorum, p. 151, note 32. It is nepotes Aedo Slane in quo Maine, mac Neill, ju-
sometimes written Tulach-Ualann. gidatus est. Flann, mac Aedo, mic Dluthaig,
' Sliabh-Fuaid — A mountain near Newtown- victor erat. Ulait prostrati, ubi Dubtach, Jilius
Hamilton, in the county of Armagh. — See note6, Becce Bairche, occubuit. Duofilii Feradaig mic
under A. M. 3500 ; and note *, under A. D. Maeleduin in cede Generis Laegaire perierunt.
1607. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is Bellum apud Lagenienses Deteriores" [Laighnibh
noticed under the year 710, as follows : Desgabhair] " ubi Bran nepos Maeleduin, etfilii
"A. D. 710. Bellum nopotum Meith, ubi ejus ceciderunt. Dluthach, mac Fitcellaig, igne
Tnudach, mac Mochloingse, Rex Nepotum Meith, uritur." — Ann. Ult.
et Curoi, Jilius Aedo,Jilii Dluthaigh, ceciderunt." i Cucerca. — His death is again entered under
u Coeddi.—" A. D. 7 1 1. Coeddi, Episcopus Ice, the year 711.
pausat."—Ann. Ult. This and many other en- ' The northern Des : i. e. Deis-Beg, a territory
710.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 311
nally], died on the 16th of April. Ultan, son of Cummine, Bishop of Telach Olainn8. The battle of Sliabh Fuaid' [was gained] by Fearghal over the Ui- Meith, wherein were slain Tnuthach, son of Mochloingi, chief of Ui-Meith, and Curoi, son of Aedh, son of Dluthach.
The Age of Christ, 710. The second year of Fearghal. Coeddi", Bishop of la, died. Dubhgualaiw, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha, died. A battle* was fought between [two parties of] the race of Slaine, wherein Niall, son of Cearnach, was slain by Flann, son of Aedh, son of Dluthach. Cucerca5", chief of Osraighe, died. A battle by the south Leinstermen, wherein Bran Ua Maelduin and his son were slain. Dluthach, son of Fithcheallach, was burned. The battle of Carn- Fearadhaigh by the northern Des", wherein Cormac, son of Finghin, King of Munster, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 711. The third year of Fearghal. Baetan, Bishop of Inis-Bo-finnea, died. Failbhe Beg, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died ; he was of the Gailengab of Corann. Cormac, son of Oilioll, King of Munster, was killed in a battle. Seachnasach, chief of Ui-Maine, [died]. Cucearca0, Lord of Ossory, died.
The Age of Christ, 712. The fourth year of Fearghal. A battled [was fought] between the two sons of Beg Boirche and the sons of Breasal, chiefs of Ui-Eathach Uladh [Iveagh] ; and the victory was gained over the sons of Breasal. Fogartach6 Ua Cearnaigh was banished into Britain by Fearghal, King of Ireland.
in the county of Limerick, containing the town of Oilioll Olum, King of Munster, seated in the of Bruff and the hill of Knockany. For the diocese of Achonry, in the province of Con- situation of Carn-Feradhaigh see note g, under naught. Corann is now the name of a barony A. M. 3656, p. 41, supra. In Dr. O'Conor's in the county of Sligo.
edition of these Annals some lines are here left c Cucearca. — See his death before entered
out by mistake. under the year 710, which is the wrong year.
• Inis-bo-finne. — Now Boffin, or Bophin Island, "" A battle.— " A. D. 711. Ulait prostrati, ubi
off the south-west coast of the county of Mayo. Dubthach JUius Becce Bairche occubuit."
"A. D. 712. Baetan, Episcopus Insole Vacce "A. D. 713. Bellum inter duos Jilios Becce
Albe obiit. Faelbus Modicus, Abbas Cluana-mac- Bairche, e^mniBresail regemNepotumEchdadi,
Nois, pausat. Cormac, mac Ailello, rex Human, in quo victores Jilii Becce. Fogartach hUa Cer-
in bdlo jugulatus est. Cuchercca, rex Osraigi, naig de regno expulsus est, [et] in Britanniam
moritur. Sechnusach rex, hUa Maine, moritur." ivit." — Ann. Ult. — Ann. Ult. ' Fogartach — Dr. O'Conor says that it is in-
^ (jaileanga — These were a sept of the race terpolated in a more modern hand in the copy
312
[713.
Ctoip Cpiopr, peachc cceO a rpi Decc. Cl cuicc opeapjal. S. Oopbaine , abb lae, oecc 28 oOccobep. TTIochonna Cluana aipone Oecc 30 Do Seprembep. Cillene, eppcop abb pfpna, oecc. plaicnia eccnam, mac Col- ccan, oecc. Ceallac Cualann, mac 5erPCI^e' T" ^a15^n) Decc. TTlupchaD, mac Oiapmaca, mic Clipmfohai^ Caoich, plaic Ua Nell Chloinne Colmain, DO rhapbaO la Conall ^panc Ua Cfpnoich. QoDh Dub, coipech Ua pi&geinci, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceO a cffaip Oecc. Gn peipeao bliaDain opfpjal. Celeci^fpnaij;, abb Cluana heouip, oecc. Uepnocc, mac Ciapain, Decc. piano poipbce, mac pojapcaij, oecc. pogaprac Ua Cfpnaij Do coioeachc oia lonnapbaO a bpfcain. paolchu, mac Oopbbene, oo oiponeao i naboaine lae an cfqiamaoISalaino Do Seprembep, oia Saruipn Do ponnpao, ipm cear- pamao bliaDain peaccmojac a aoipi.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceO a cuicc oecc. Qn peachcmao bbaoain opfp- jal. Qonach Uaillcfn Do bfnam la pfpjal, mac TTlaoileouin, -] pogapcach Ua Cfpnoij oo meapccbuaiDpeao an aonaigh, uaip po mapb TTIaolpuba, •] mac Ouibplebe.
at Stowe, and that this Fogartach was after- wards King of Ireland : " Qn Pojapcach pin lapam na pij nBipeann." The Annals of Ulster have some curious entries immediately after the notice of the expulsion of Fogartach, which have been totally omitted by the Four Masters, viz. :
" Coscrad .i. Garbsalcha in Midiu" [the mas- sacre of Garbhsalach] " in quo cecidit Forbasach, nepos Comgaile, rex hlla Failgi, apud viros Mide, uno die et helium predictum. Siccitas magna. In hoc anno interfecti sunt Peregrini apud Mitmnenses .i. in clairineach cum lota familia sua. Nox lucida in Autumno."
The slaying of the pilgrims in Munster is noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 710, as follows :
" There were certain pilgrims killed by the Mounstermen, viz., Clarinach, with all his fa- mily. There was a shining and extream clear light in harvest."
f Dorbaine. — This entry is not in the Annals of Ulster, which contain most of these entries under the year 714, as follows :
"A. D. 714. Ceallach Cualann rex Lagenie, Flann Febla, mac Sganlain, Abbas Ardmachce, Cilleni, Episcopus Fernann, mortui sunt. Jugu- latio Murchado, mac Dermato, jUW [Armedi] " Ceci, Eegis Nepotum Neill. Aed Dub, Rex Ne- potum Fidgenti, Flaithnia, mac Colggen sapiens et Mochonna Cuerne" \recte Cluana-airne] " dormierunt. Sloghadh la [per] Murcha, mac Brain, du Caisil."
Four of these entries are given in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 712, thus :
"A. D. 712. Ceallagh Cwallann, King of Lynster, died. Flann Feavla, Abbott of Ard- magh, died. Killin, Bushop and Abbott of Fearnes, died. Murragh mac Brayn with a great army went to Cashell."
g Cluain-airdne. — The festival of Mochonna of Cluain-airne is set down in O'Clery's Irish
713.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
313
The Age of Christ, 713. St. Dorbainef Foda, Abbot of la, died on the 28th of October. Mochonna, of Cluain Airdne*, died on the 30th of September. Bishop Cillene, Abbot of Fearna [Ferns], died. Flaithnia the Wise, son of Colgan, died. Ceallach Cualannh, son of Gerrtide, King of Leinster, died. Mur- chadh, son of Diarmaid, son of Airmeadhach Caech, chief of Ui-Neill of Clann- Colmain, was slain by Conall Grant1 Ua Cearnaigh. Aedh Dubh, • chief of Ui-Fidhgeintek, died.
The Age of Christ, 714. The sixth year of Fearghal. Cele-Tighearnaigh1, Abbot of Cluain-Eois [Clones], died. Ternog™, son of Ciaran, died. Flann Foirbhthe, son of Fogartach, died. Fogartach Ua Cearnaigh returned from his exile in Britain. Faelchu, son of Dorbene, was appointed to the abbacy of la, on the fourth of the Calends of September, on Saturday precisely, in the seventy- fourth year of his age.
The Age of Christ, 715. The seventh year of Fearghal. The fair of Taill- tin" was celebrated by Fearghal, son of Maelduin ; and Fogartach Ua Cearrnaigh disturbed the fair, for he killed Maelrubha, and the son of Dubhsleibhe.
Calendar at 30th September. Colgan conjec- tures that Cluain-airdne may be the church of Cluain-aird, in the territory of Airteach, in the diocese of Elphin — See Trias Thaum., p. 178, n. 115. There are countless places of the name in Ireland, but the Editor has discovered nothing to prove which of them is the one re- ferred to in the text. v
h Ceallach Cualann — He was the ancestor of a tribe called Ui-Ceallaigh Cualann, seated in the north of the present county of Wicklow. Duald Mac Firbis gives the names of twelve generations of his lineal descendants as follows: "Cathal" [chief of Ui-Ceallaigh Cualann] "son of Amhalgaidh, son of Tuathal, son of Cu- lochair, son of Madudan, son of Raghallach, son of Flann, son of Dubhdaithreach, son of Madu- dan, son of Cathal, son of Ceallach, son of Edersgel, son of Ceallach Cualann."
' Conall Grant : i. e. Conall the Grey. " 5nanc .1. liac."— O'Clery.
k Ui-Fidhgeinle. — A tribe giving name to a
great territory in the present county of Limerick. — See note under A. D. 645, supra, and also note m, under the year 1178, p. 46.
1 Cele-Tighearnaigh : i. e. Servant of St. Ti- ghearnach. In the Annals of Ulster these, and other entries omitted by the Four Masters, are given under the year 715, as follows :
" A. D. 715. Jugulatio regis Saxonum Osrith, Jilii Aldfrith nepotis Ossu. Garnat, filius Deile- roit, moritur. Fogartach, nepos Cernaig iterum regnat. Pasca commutatur in la Civitate. Faelchu, mac Dorbeni, kathedram Columbe Ixxiv., etatis sue anno iv Kal. Septembris, die Sabbathi suscepit Obitus Celi-Tigernaich, Abbatis Cluana-Eois. Flann Foirbthe, mac Fogartaich, moritur. Mors Ardbrani, mac Maelduin."
m Ternog — This Ternog was interred at Kil- nasagart, near Jonesborough, in the county of Armagh, where his grave is still marked by a pillar stone exhibiting his name, Cepnoc mace Ciapain.
" Tailltin Now Teltown, on the River Sele
S
314
[716.
Goip Cpiopc, peachr ccet> ape oecc. Qn cochcmaobliabain opeapjal. S. Ounchaoh, mac Cmnpaolaib, abb lae Colaim Cille, Oecc an 25 man. CponanUa Goain, abb Lip moip TTlocuoa, oecc i lun. Oubouin Ua paolain, eppcop -] abb Cluana hGpaipo, oecc. becc boipce oecc. pionarhail Ua bojaine, mac Pinn, [oecc]. Cach Cfnannpo pm cConall n^pcmcUaCfp- naij, in po mapbaoh Uuacal Ua paolcon, -\ ^o^m^al, mac Qoba, mic Oluch- 015,1 QmaljaiD UaConaing,-] pfpjal a bpacaip. T?o mapbaoh ona Conall J5panc peipin lap nOib mfopaib lap in pi j, la peapjal. Upf ppopa inggnac- acha ipm bliabampi, ppop aipccio pop Ochain moip, ppop mealae pop Orhain inbicc, i ppopp pola hi Laijnib.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peachr cceo a peachc oecc. Qn naoma6 blia&ain opeap- jal. 8. Cuanna 6 l?op eo Decc an 10 Qppil. Opopcan Oaipcije Decc i nQpD bpfccam. lomaipeacc pionnabpach la Laijnib, in po mapbao Qob, mac Ceallaij. aipmfbac, mac Uaibj, -] Cpiochan, coipech Ua TTlic Uaip, oo mapbaD. papngab Caijfn po cuicc i naoin bliaobain la hUib' Neill. Cach ecip Chonnaccaib -] Copca baipcinn, map mapbab mac Ualarhnaij. pap-
or Abha-dhubh, near Navan, in the county of Meath — See note u, under A. M. 3370, p. 22, supra. "A. D. 716. Commixtio Agonis Talten la Fogartach, ubi cecidit filius Rubai et fitivs Duibslebe." •
° St. Dunchadh " A. D. 716. Duncha mac
Cinnfaelad, Abbas lae, obiit." — Ann. Ult.
>> Cronan, fyc — These entries, and others omit- ted by the Four Masters, are given in the Annals of Ulster, under the year 717, as follows :
"A.D. 717. Filius Cuidine, rex Saxonum, moritur. Becc Bairche obiit. Bdlum Ceninnso, ubi cecidit Tuathal, nepos Faelcon, et Cellach Diath- raibh, et Gormgal, mac Aedo, mic Dluthaig, et Amalngai hUa Conaing, et Fergal, frater ejus, occiderunt. Conall Grant victor erat ; et Conall Grant, nepos Cernaig, in fine duorum mensium post bellum interfectits est la" [per] " Fergal mac Maeleduin. Cronan hUa Ecain, Abbas Lis- moir, moritur. Fianamail, nepos Bogaine mic Finn Insule princeps Maigi Sam" [Inismacsaint], "e« Dubduin, nepos Faelain, Episcopus Abbas
Cluana- Irardo. Conri mac Congaile Cennfotai, et Ailill mac Finsnechta, jugulati sunt. Pluit fros melo pop Othain Big ; pluit fros sanguinis supra fossam Lageniorum, et inde vocatur Niall Frosach mac Fergaile, qui tune natus est. Eclipsis lune in plenilunio suo."
The Annals of Clonmacnoise, which are very meagre at this period, notice the falling of three showers under the year 715, such as the Four Masters describe, thus :
" A. D. 715. It reigned [rained] a shower of honie on Ohinbeg, a shower of money on Ohin- more, and a shower of Blood upon the ffosses of Lynster, for which cause Neal Frossagh, who then was born, was called Neal Frossagh." — See the Philosophical Transactions, t. xviii. No. 139, April, May, June, 1677, 1678, p. 976, &c.
'' Othain-mor. — This was another form of the name of Fathan, now anglice Fahan, near Lough Swilly, in the barony of Inishowen, and county of Donegal. — See note under the year 657. Othain-beg was probably in the same
716.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 315
The Age of Christ, 716. The eighth year of Fearghal. St. Dunchadh", son of Ceannfaeladh, Abbot of la-Coluim Cille, died on the 25th of May. Cronanp Ua Eoan, Abbot of Lis-mor, died on the 1st of June. Dubhduin Ua Faelain, Bishop and Abbot of Cluain-Iraird, died. Becc Boirche died. Fian- amhail Ua Boghaine, son of Einn, [died]. The battle of Ceanannus [Kells, in Meath] by Conall Grant (i. e. the Grey) Ua Cearnaigh, wherein were slain Tuathal Ua Faelchon, and Gormghal, son of Aedh, son of Dluthach, and Amhal- gaidh Ua Conaing, and Fearghal, his brother. Conall Grant himself was also slain, in two months afterwards, by King Fearghal. Three wonderful showers [fell] in this year : a shower of silver on Othain-morq, a shower of honey on Othain-Beag, and a shower of blood in Leinster.
The Age of Christ, 717. The ninth year of Fearghal. St. Cuanna, of Ros-eor, died on the 10th of April. Drostan8 Dairthighe died at Ard-Breacain. The battle of Finnabhair' by the Leinstermen, in which Aedh, son of Ceallach, was slain. Airmeadhach, son of Tadhg, and Crichan, chief of Ui-Mac-Uais, were slain. Leinster" was five times devastated in one year by the Ui-Neill. A battle [was fought] between the Connaughtmen and the Corca-Baiscinnw, wherein the son of Talamhnaigh was slain. Magh-Breagh was devastated by
neighbourhood. barony of Offaly, and county of Kildare, and
' Ros-eo : i. e. the Wood of the Yews, now about a mile and a half from the Curragh,
Rush, a village to the north of Lusk, in the u Leinster This devastation of Leinster is
county of Dublin. In O'Clery's Irish Calendar, noticed in the Annals of Ulster under the year
Ros-eo, where the festival of St. Cuanna was 720, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 716;
celebrated on the 10th of April, is described as thus in the latter: "A. D. 716. All Lynster
in Magh Lacha, in the east of Magh Breagh. was five times wasted and prey'd in one year
In the Annajs of Ulster "MorsCuannacRois-eu" by the O'Neals."
is entered at the year 720. » Corca-Baiscinn — A territory forming the ' Drostan — "A. D. 718. Airmedach mac south-west part of the county of Clare, and Taidg, et Crichan, Rex nepotum Maccuais, jugu- comprising, at the period of which we are treat- to!; et Ertuile, mac Fergusa Guill, jugulatus. ing, the present baronies of Clonderalaw, Moy- Drostan Deartaighe quievit in Ardbreccain. Con- arta, and Ibrickan : " A. D. 720. Bettum inter gressio apud Lagenienses, ubi Aed mac Ceallaig Connachta et Corco-Baiscinn, ubi cecidit Mac cecidit .i. bellum Finnabhrach." — Ann. Ult. Talamnaigh. Vastatio Maigi Breagh ou" [per] * Finnabhair. — There are several places of " Cathal mac Finguine, & ou Murcha, mac this name in Leinster, anglicised Finner, or Brain. Inred Laighen fri Fergal & maidm" Fennor. The place here referred to is, in all [naidm] " inna Boraime & maidm" [naidm] probability, Fennor, in the parish of Duneany, " na ggiallne Laigen fri Fergal mac Maelduin."
2 S2
316 cwNdta Rioshachca emeaNN. [713.
uccab TTlaije bpfj la Carol, mac pionnguine, -] la TTlupchaD, mac 6pam. Inopfo Laijfn, -| naiom na bopoma oopi'Dipi,-] na jiallna la pfpjal.
Goip Cpiopc, peachc cceD a hochc Oecc. lap mbeic beic mbliaDna hi pije uap Gpmn opfp£al, mac TTIaoileouin, mic TTlaoilepicpi^, Do pocaip hi ccach Qlmaine la Ounchab.mac mupchaoa,-] la hQo6 mac Colgan, oamna pij. Qciao lion cangacap piol cCuinn Don cac pn .1. mile ap picfc. Ctnao lion canjacap Laijin, Don leic ele, naoi mile. Op DO bap pfpjail Do paiDeaD,
DunchaD mac TTlupcaDa muaiD, Ctoo mac Coljan claiDfm puaib, Tllapbpac pfpgal pei&m ngaile, hi ccar eplam Qlmaine.
demo annpo na haipij -| na coipij copcpacap ipin each ipin, mapaen la ' pfpgal, DoLfch Cuinn, Conall TTlenn, coipec Ceneoil Coipppe, popbapach, coipeach Cheneoil mbojaine, pfpjal Ua Qichfcoae, pfpjal, mac Gachoac Lfmhna, coipec Uamnaij, Conoalac, mac Conaing -] Gccnec mac Colgan, coipec na ndiprfp, Coibofnach, mac piachpach, TTluipjiup, mac Conaill, Leacaiceach, mac Corcapac, QnmcaiD, mac Concapac, Qebgen hLla TTIac- jamnae, Nuaba mac Gipc, coipech ^u'^ 1 Ipjhuill, -| oechnebap DO hSfol TTlailepichpij. baccap laopibe eapbaba aipfch -] ciopfch an cuaipceipc. Ufpbaba Ua Neill an Deipceipc, plann, mac Ra^hallaij, Qileall, mac pfpabaij, Suibne mac Conjalaij, Qo& Caishean Ua Ceapnaij, Mia mac Copbmaic, Ouboacpioch, mac OuibDambeap, Qilill mac Conaill ^painc, plaiceamail, mac Olucaij, pfpjup Ua hGojain. Uopcpacap Din cpf picic ap ceo Dampaibh pfpjail amaille pip na paopclanoaib pin, cenmo COD
.-i-? ;•>:;•*, -;«-. ;?.'».•• ' ' • J*
11 Battle ofAlmhain : i. e. of Allen, a celebrated in the year of our Lord, 720. King Ferall had
hill in the county of Kildare, about five miles in his army twenty-one thousand men well
north of the town of Kildare. This battle is armed, and the Lynstermen nine thousand,
noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 721, These are they that were slain on the King's
and in the Annals of Tighernach at 722, which side in that battle : first, King Ferall himself
is the true year, as indicated by the criteria with one hundred and sixty of his guard; Conell
which he furnishes, iii. Id. Dec. fer. 6, Cyclo Meann, prince of the race of Carbrey ; Forba-
Solis iii. Luna i. The Annals of Clonmacnoise sagh, prince of the race of Bowyne ; Ferall
notice it under the year 720, as follows : O'Hagheaghty ; Ferall mac Eahagh Leawna,
"A. D. 717. Before King Fohartagh began prince of Tawnye ; Conallagh mac Conyng;
his reign, the battle of Allone was fought, Eigneach mac Colgan, prince of the Narhirs"
wherein King Ferall was slain by the Lynster- [rex Orientalium — Ann. Uh.~] ; " Cowdenagh
men, on Friday the 3rd of the Ides of December, mac Fiaghragh ; Morgies mac Conell ; Leaha-
718.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 317
Cathal, son of Finnguine, and Murchadh, son of Bran. Leinster was plundered, and the Borumha again enjoined, and the hostages, by Fearghal.
The Age of Christ, 718. After Fearghal, son ofMaelduin, son of Mael- fithrigh, had been ten years in sovereignty over Ireland, he was slain in the battle of Almhain*, by Dunchadh, son of Murchadh, and Aedh, son of Colgan, an heir presumptive to the sovereignty. The number which the race of Conn brought to this battle was twenty-one thousand, and the number brought by the Leinstermen was nine thousand. Of the death of Fearghal was said :
Dunchadh, son of Murchadh the Noble, Aedh, son of Colgan of the Red Swords, Slew Fearghal of valiant fight, in the vigorous battle of Almhuin.
The following were the chieftains and leaders of Leath-Chuinn who fell in this battle together with Fearghal : Conall Menn, chief of Cinel-Cairbre ; Forbasach, chief of Cinel-Boghaine ; Fearghal Ua Aitheachdae ; Fearghal, son of Eochaidh Leamhna, chief of Tamhnach ; Connalach, son of Conaing ; and Egnech, son of Colgan, chief of the Airthera [the Oriors] ; Coibhdeanach, son of Fiachra ; Muirghius, son of Conall ; Leathaitheach, son of Concarat ; Anmchaidh, son of Concharat ; Aedhgen Ua Mathghamhnae ; Nuada, son of Eire, chief of Gull and Irgully; and ten of the race of Maelfithrigh. These were the losses of the chieftains and leaders of the North. The losses of the South were : Flann, son of Raghallach ; Aileall, son of Fearadhach ; Suibhne, son of Congalach ; Aedh Laighean Ua Cearnaigh ; Nia, son of Cormac ; Dubhdachrich, son of Dubh- dainbher ; Aileall, son of Conall Grant ; Flaitheamhail, son of Dluthach ; Fear- ghus Ua Eoghain. One hundred and sixty of Fearghal's satellites, and numbers
yegh mac Concharad ; Edgen O'Mathgawna ; all which number were slain. There were nine
Anmchad mac Concharad ; Nwa mac Oirck, that flyed in the ayre, as if they were winged
prince of the Orcades" [recte of Gull and Irgull] ; fowle, and so saved their lives. Of both armies
" the ten nephews" [recte, ten of the descen- there were slaine but seven thousand, both
dants] " of Moylefithry. These were of the kings guarde and all."
O'Neales of the North ; the O'Neales of the » Gull and Irgull.— Mageoghegan renders this
west and south were those that were slain in by "the Orcades," but he is decidedly in error,
the said battle. Flann mac Regally ; Ailill mac as Gull is the district now called Ros-Guill, and
Feraye ; Hugh Lynster O'Kearnie; Swyne mac situated in the parish of Mevagh, in the north
Konoloye ; Nia mac Cormack ; Duffdakrich of the county of Donegal ; and Irgull was the
mac Duffdainver ; Ailell mac Conell Graint ; old name of Hornhead, opposite Eossguill, on
Flayheawil mac Dluhye, and Fergus O'Heoaine; the west side of Sheephaven.
318 dNNCtta Rio^hachca eiReaww. [719.
p ochame oile. Naonbap cpa ippfo locap hi pamoeal -\ i n^ealcacc ap in each pin. Secc mile ippeab copcaip mm -] anall fccoppae. [Inpaccac, mac Oonnchaba TTluipipce, pi£ Connacc Do rhapbab pan scoinbliocc pin Qlmuine mab piop.]
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD anaoi Decc. pojapcach, mac Neill, mic Cfp- naij Socail, bi pije nGpeann an bliabampi, co ccopcaip hi ccac Oelgean la Cionaech, mac lopgalaij. 8. Sionach Innpi Clocpann Decc an picfcrhaD la DO mi Qppil. Qelchu TTlaimpcpech 6uicci [oecc]. Inopechcach, mac TTlui- peaDhaij, pi Connacc, Decc. Cluam mic Noip DO lopccaD. Sealbach.njfpna Oal-17iaDa, Do Dol i cclepcecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo piche. Qn ceo bliabam Do Chionaoc, mac lopgalaigh, mic Conainj Cuippi, hi pijhe Gpeann. 3. paolchu, mac Oopbbe, abb lae, 8. Cumolfp, abb Cluana mic Noip,-] 8. Sionach Uailcfn, Decc. Cach Cinn Oelgen pia cCionaoc, mac nlopgalaigh, in po mapbab pojapcach UaCfpnaigh. 8. Caochpcuile, pcpibneoip Ooipe Chalggaij, 065. 8. Cillene UaColla, abb Qicne, Decc 3 lanuapi. 8. Colman Uamach, pcpibneoip QpDa TTlaca, i 8. Colman banban, pcpibneoip Cille Dapa, Decc. 8. Ruibin, mac mic ConnaiD, pccpibneoip TTluman, mac pi&e bpocam 6 Uijh Uelle. UecheD (.1. pealbucao) UlaD pia cCionaeb mac Congalaij.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo piche a haon. Qn Dapa bliabain DO Chionaoc.
' Panic and lunacy. — Mageoghegan translates c Innis-Clothrann. — Now Inishcloghran, an
this : " There were nine persons that flyed in island in Lough Eee in the Shannon. This entry
the ayre as if they were winged fowle ;" but is not in the Annals of Ulster.
this is not exactly correct. — See Battle ofMagh A Mainistir-Buite __ Now Monasterboice, in the
Rath, p. 231, and p. 234, note °. county of Louth. " A. D. 722. Combustio
* Inrachtach. — This entry is inserted in a Cluana-mic-Nois. Mors Ailchon Mainistrech-
more modern hand in the Stowe copy. Accord- Buiti. Indrechtach, mac Muireadaig, rex Con-
ing to Duald Mac Firbis, Dunchadh Muirsge, nacht, moritur in dericatu. Selbach Sinach
son of Tibraide, King of Connaught, was slain Tailten moritur." — Ann. Ult.
by Fearghal, son of Loingseach, Lord of the e Faelchu — " A. D. 723. Faelchu mac Dor-
Kinel-Connell, and Fearghal, son of Maelduin, beni, Abbas Ice, dormit. Cillenius Longus ei in
Lord of the Kinel-Owen — See Genealogies, fyc.j principatu Ice successit. Helium Cinndelggden,
of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 315. in quo cecidit Fogartach hUa Cernaig mac Neill
b Fogartach. — " A. D. 723. Bellum Cinn- mic Cernaich Sotail, mic Diannato, mic Aedo
delggden, in quo cecidit Fogartach hUa Cernaig, Slaine. Cinaeth, mac Irgalaig, victor erat. Cu-
mac Neill, mic Cearnaig Sotail, mic Diarmata, mic innles A Ibas Cluana mic Nois, obiit. Jugulatio
Aedo Slaine. Cinaeth mac Irgalaig victor erat." Letaithig mic Concarath Caechscuile, Scriba
719-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 319
of others, were slain besides these nobles. Nine was the number of persons that fled with panic and lunacy2 from this battle. Seven thousand was the number that fell on both sides between them. [Inrachtach3, son of Dunchadh Muirisce, King of Connaught, died in that battle of Almhain, if true].
The Age of Christ, 719. Fogartachb, son of Niall, son of Cearnach Sotal, [was] in the sovereignty of Ireland this year, until he fell in the battle of Del- gean, by Cinaeth, son of Irgalach. St. Sinach, of Innis-Clothrann0, died on the 20th day of the month of April. Aelchu, of Mainistir Buited, [died]. Indreach- tach, son of Muireadhach, King of Connaught, died. Cluain-mic-Nois was burned. Sealbhach, Lord of Dal-Riada, went into holy orders.
The Age of Christ, 720. The first year of Cinaeth, son of Irgalach, son of Conaing Cuirri, in the sovereignty of Ireland. St. Faelchu", son of Dorbhe, Abbot of la ; St. Cuindles, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois ; and Sinach, of Tailtin, died. The battle of Ceann-Delgenf, by Cinaeth, son of Irgalach, in which Foghartach Ua Cearnaigh was slain. St. Caechscuile, scribe of Doire-Chalgaigh, died. St. Cillene Ua Colla, Abbot of Athaing, died on the 3rd of January. St. Colman Uamhach, scribe of Ard-Macha, and St. Colman Banban, scribe of Cill-dara [Kildare], died. St. Ruibin, son of the son of Connad, [chief] scribe of Munster, [died] ; he was son of Brocan, of Tigh-Telleh. Ulidia was taken possession of by Cinaeth, son of Congalach.
The Age of Christ, 721. The second year of Cinaeth. St Maelrubha,
Doire Calggaed, yuievit." — Ann. Ult. in the Leabhar-Breac, at 25th June, it is stated
' Ceann-Delgen — Otherwise written Ceann- that " 05 Celli" is " i pail Oaupmuigi," i.e.
Delgthen. — See note under A. D. 617. "in the vicinity of Burrow." Mageoghegan,
? Athain. — Also written Othain and Fathain, in his translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise,
now Fahan, near Lough Swilly, in the barony anglicises this name Tehill :
of Inishowen, and county of Donegal. " A. D. 723. Rubyn, chief scribe of Moun-
" A. D. 724. Cilleni nepos Collae, Abbas ster, died, and the son" [rede, he was the son]
Othnae, et Aldehu. Doimliagg moriuntur. Alien " of Brogaine of Tehill, who" [recte, and] " was
mic Craith construitur. Simul, filius Druis con- a good preacher and divine."
stringitur. Colman humach, scriba Ardmachae, This place, which lies close to Durrow, in the
Rubin, mac Conad, scriba M.uma,n,JUiusque Broc- north of the King's County, is still called ci j
cain o [de] Thaigh Theille, qui magister bonus Cheille in Irish, and anglicised Tyhilly, or
Evangelii Christi erat, et Colman Banban, scriba Tihelly See the published Inquisitions, La-
Cille-daro omnes dormierunt." — Ann. UU. genia, Com. Regis. No. 16, Car. I — See also note
h Tigh-Telle — In a gloss on iheFeilire Aenguis under the year 670.
320
[722.
S.TTlaolpuba, abbbfnncaip, iap noulino Glbain, oecc met cill peipin, i nQpup- cpopan, an 21 Qppil. Occmojac bliabam ap cpi miopaib pop naoib Idinb, poo a paojail. 3. Celecpiopc Oecc. S. Conall, mac TTlouDam, Do jlacab copoine TTiaipnpe. pfjioacpioch,macCon5alai5,Oecc. Cuanan o Chill Oelcce, Oeipip Oaiminpi, oUibColla oopibe, Guana DpomaCuilinn, •] Cillene Locha ^epcc, Decc. Car Dpoma popnochc pia pplaicbfpcac, mac Lomjpij, ~\ pia cCenel cConaill, pop Qooh nGlldn, mac pfpjaile, -\ pop Cenel n6ojain. T?o ppaomfb pop Gob nQlldn. QciaD na maice po mapbab 6 GOD, — plann mac Gpcaile,-] Sneogup Ofpcc Ua bpachaibe. TTlupchab, mac bpain, pi Laijfn, Decc. Cpiomcann, mac Ceallai 5 Cualann, Do mapbab i ccac belaij Licce. Qilill, mac bobbcaba TTlibe, Decc. Car pia cCionaor, mac lopjalaij, pop Lai jnib, i Do bfpc a peip. Cac Inpi bpfgain pia ppaolan, bail in po mapbab Giccippjeol, mac Ceallaij Cualann, -\ Congal, mac bpain. Cacal Cfpp, roipec Depcepr bpfjh, Decc.
Qoip Cpioyc, peace cceD piche a Do. 8. piano 6 Qomcpeb, abb bfno- cuip, Decc. lap mbeich cpi bliabna Do Cionaeb, mac lopjalai^, uap Gpinn hi pijhe, copchaip hi ccac Opoma Copcdin, la plaichbfpcach mac Coingpic.
' Apurcrosan. — See note y, under the year 671. It is stated in the gloss to the Feilire Aenguis, at 21st April," that Maelrubha was of the Cinel-Eoghain, and that his mother was Subtairc, daughter of Setna, and the sister [or kinswoman] of St. Comhgall of Beanchair; and that his church is at Abur-Chresen, in Alba [Scotland].
k St. Celechrist : i. e. the Servant or Vassal of Christ. Most of these entries, and others totally omitted by the Four Masters, are given in the Annals of Ulster, under the years 725 and 726, as follows :
" A. D. 725. Nechtain mac Deirile constrin- gitur apud Druist Regem. Duchonna Craibdech, Episcopus Condere moritur. Jugulatio Cram- thainn flii Cdlacht, in betto Belaig-licce immatura etate. Quies Mancheine Lethglinne. Jugulatio, Bodbchodha Mide."
" A. D. 726. Mors Ailchon, Abbatis Cluana Iraird. BeUum Droma-fornocht, inter Genus Co-
naill et Eugain, ubi Flann mac Aurthile, et Snedgus Dergg, nepos Inrachdi, jugulati sunt Congressio Irrois foichne, ubi quidam ceciderunt den dibh Airgiallaibh, inter Selbacum et fami- liam Echdach, nepotis Domhnaill. Conall mac Moudan martyrio coronatus. Adomnani reliquie transferuntur in Hibernian, et lex renovatur. Bel- lum Main inter dina Bullaigniu, in quo cecidit Laidgnen mac Conmealde ; Duncha victor fuit. Murchadh, mac Brain, Rex Lageniensium moritur. Dubdainber, mac Comgail, Rex Cruithne/Mjru/a- tus est. Helium Bairne vel Inse Bregainn, in quo ceciderunt Ederscel, mac Cellaig Cualann, et Con- gal mac Brain. Faelan victor fuit. Dormitatio Celi-Christi."
1 Cill-Delge.—Novr called, in Irish, Cill-Dealga, and anglicised Kildalkey. This was the name of an old church, now totally destroyed, giving name to a parish situated between the parish of Trim, in East Meath, and the boundary of "Westmeath. It was dedicated to St. Damhnat,
722.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 321
Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], after having gone to Alba [Scotland], died in his own church at Apurcrosan', on the 21st of April; eighty years, three months, and nine days, was the length of his life. St. Celechrist diedk. St. Conall, son of Moudan, received the crown of martyrdom. Feardachrich, son of Congha- lach, died. Cuanan, of Cill-Delge1; Deirir, of Daimhinis [Devenish], of the Ui-Colla ; Guana, of Druim Cuilinnm; and Cillene, of Loch Gerg11, died. The battle of Druim-fornocht0 [was fought] by Flaithbheartach, son of Loingseach, and the Cinel-Conaill, against Aedh Allan, son of Fearghal, and the Ciuel- Eoghain. Aedh Allan was defeated. These chieftains were slain on the side of Aedh, [namely] Flann, son of Erthaile, and Snedgus Dearg Ua Brachaidhe. Murchadh, son of Bran, King of Leinster, died. Crimhthann, son of Ceallach Cualann, was slain in the battle of Bealach-licep. Ailill, son of Bodhbhcha, of Meath, died. A battle [was fought] by Cinaeth, son of Irgalach, against the Leinstermen ; and he obtained his demand. The battle of Inis-Breagainq, wherein were slain Edersgeoil, son of Ceallach Cualann, and Congal, son of Bran. Cathal Cerr, chief of the south of Breagh, died.
The Age of Christ, 722. St. Flann, of Aentrebhr, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died. After Cinaeth, son of Irgalach, had been three years in sove- reignty over Ireland, he fell in the battle of Druim-Corcrain8, by Flaithbhear-
or Dymphna, whose festival was celebrated there this is the Druim-fornacht mentioned in the
on the fifteenth of May. Near the site of the foundation charter of the abbey of Newry, and
church was a holy well called Tobar-Damhnata, which comprises the present townlands of Cro-
nearly dried up when the Editor examined the bane and Croreagh, in the lordship of Newry. locality. p Bealach-lice : i. e. the Eoad of the Flag or
m Druim- Cuilinn : i.e. Eidge or long Hill of Flat Eocky Surface. Not identified, the Holly, now Drumcullen, an old church in q Inis-Breagain. — Now obsolete, ruins, situated in the south of the barony of ' Aentrebh — Also written Oentrebh, Aoin-
Eglish, in the King's County. This church trebh, Oentribh, and Oentrabh. This was the
stands on the boundary between the ancient ancient name of the town of Antrim, and is to
Meath and Munster. be distinguished from Aendruim, or Oendruim,
" Loch Gerg — Now Lough Derg, so famous which is the old name of Nendrum Island, now
for containing the island of St. Patrick's Purga- Inishmahee in Loch Cuan, or Strangford Lough,
tory, in the parish of Templecarn, barony of in the county of Down — See Ecclesiastical Anti-
Tirhugh, and county of Donegal. gutties of the Dioceses of Down and Conor, fyc.,
" Druim-fornocht : L e. the Naked or Exposed p. 63, note b, and pp. 277, 278. Eidge or Long Hill. There are several places • Druim-Corcrain : i.e. Corcran's Eidge, or
of this name, but there can be little doubt that Long Hill. Not identified :
2 T
322 awwata uio^hachca eiraeaNN. [723.
<Copchaip GuDop, mac Qilella, -| TTlaoloum, macpfpa6ai£, ipin each fin la OunchaD,macCopbmaic. Cach Qillinne ecip oa mac TTlupchaDa, micbpam, in po mapbaD OunchaD p fnoip. Oomnall, mac Ceallaij pi Connachc, [065].
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD piche a cpf. Qn ceo bliabain Do plaicbfpcac, mac Loingpich, nmc Qonjupa, uap Gpmn hi pighe. 8. ^all Lilcaigh Decc. S. pachcna, mac polachcam, abb Cluana pfpca bpenainn, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo piche a cfcaip. Qn Dapa bliaDain Do plaic- bfpcac. TTIac Onchon, pccpibneoip Cille oapa. TTlac Concumba, pccpib- neoip Cluana muc Noip, Cochall oDap, pcpibmb bfnnchuip, Deg.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD piche a cuig. Qn cpeap bliaDam Do plaic- bfpcach. 8. Oochonna CpaibDeach, eppcop Conoepe, Decc an 15 171 an. 8. Cillene pooa, ab la, Decc. 8. Qoamnan, eppcop T?aca TTlaije hQonaij. 8. TTlainchin Lfcjlinne Decc. 8. paeloobap 6ecc, eccnaib pobaip, Decc. Cul pacain Do lopccaD. Cach eiDip Cpuichniu -| Oal RiaDa, i TTlupbulg, in po mapbaD Dpong mop Do Chpuicmu. 8. Colman Ua Lioccdin, Doccuip cojaiDe, oecc. 8. GochaiD, mac Colgan, ancoipi Qpoamacha, 8. Colman Uealcha UalanD, ~] bpeac beapba, Decc. Coblair, injfn Ceallaij Cualann, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc, cceD piche ape. Qn cfcparhaD.bliaDam Do plair- bepcac. Qolchu,abb Cluana hlopaipo, plann Sionna Ua Colla, abb Cluana mic Noip [Decc], DO Uib CperhcainD Do. ^apalc TTlaije heo Decc an 13 Do TTlapca. Seboann, mjfn Cuipc, banab Cille Dapa, Decc. UimnenCille
"A. D. 727- Bellum Droma Corcain inter " St. Gall Lilcaigh. — See notes ', k, under
Flaithbertach, mac Loingsig, et Cinaed, filium the year 512, p. 167, supra. The death of
Irgalaig, in quo Cinaed et Endus, mac Ailello, " Gall of Lilcach" is entered in the Annals of
Maelduin, macFeradaig,etDuncha,macCormaic, Ulster at the year 729.
ceciderunt, Bellum Ailenne, inter duos Germanos " St. Fachtna __ " A. D. 726. Faghtna mac
flios Murchada, mic Brain, et Duncha Senior Folaghtaine, Abbot of Clonfert of St. Brandon, jugulatur, junior Faelanus regnat. Flann Oen- , died." — Ann. Ult.
trib, Abbas Benchuir, obiit. Bellum Monidcroib * Mac Onchon __ " A. D. 729. Mac Onchon,
inter Pictores invicem, ubi Oengus victor fuit, et scriba Cille-daro, JUius Concumbu, scriba Cluana
-multi ex parte Ettpini Regis perempti sunt. Bellum mic Nois, dormierunt. Coculodor, scriba families
lacrimabile inter eosdem gestum juxta Castellum Benchuir, dormivit." — Ann. Ult.
Credi, ubi Elpinius effugit. Domhnall mac Ceal- i St. Dachonna — The festival of this bishop
laig, rex Connacht, moritur. QuiesJUii Bethach, is marked in O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 15th
viri sapientis Momonie" — Ann. Ult. May. Some of these entries are given in the
' Flaithbheartach.—(y Flaherty places the ac- Annals of Ulster under the year 730, thus :
cession of this monarch in the year 727— See " A. D. 730. Combustio Cuile-raithin. Bellum
p. 433. inter Cruithni et Dalriati, in Murbuilgg, ubi
723.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 323
tach, son of Loingseach. Eudus, son of Ailell, and Maelduin, son of Fearadhach, fell in that battle by Dunchadh, son of Cormac. The battle of Aillinn [was fought] between the two sons of Murchadh, son of Bran, in which Dunchadh, the senior, was slain. Domhnall, son of Ceallach, King of Connaught, died.
The Age of Christ, 723. The first year of Flaithbheartach', son of Loing- seach, son of Aenghus, in sovereignty over Ireland. St. Gall Lilcaighu died. St. Fachtnaw, son of Folachtan, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn [Clonfert], died.
The Age of Christ, 724. The second year of Flaithbheartach. Mac On- chon*, scribe of Cill-dara [Kildare]; Mac Concumba, scribe of Cluain-mic-Nois; Cochall-odhar, scribe of Beannchair, died.
The Age of Christ, 725. The third year of Flaithbheartach. St. Dachonna5' the Pious, Bishop of Condere [Connor], died on the 15th of May. St. Cillene Foda, Abbot of la [lona], died. St. Adamnan, Abbot of Kath-Maighe hAen- aigh2, [and] St. Mainchin, of Leithghlinn, died. St. Faeldobhar Beg the Wise, of Fobhar, died. Cul-rathain was burned. A battle [was fought] between the Cruithni at Murbholg, wherein a great number of the Cruithni was slain. St. Colman O'Liadain, a select doctor, died. St. Eochaidh, son of Colgan, ancho- rite of Ard-Macha ; St. Colman, of Tealach Ualann ; and Breac-Bearbha, died. Cobhlaith, daughter of Ceallach Cualann, died.
The Age of Christ, 726. The fourth year of Flaithbheartach. Aelchu, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] ; Flann Sinna" Ua-Colla, Abbot of Cluain- mic-Nois, [one] of the Ui-Creamhthainn, [died]. Gerald, of Magh-eo, died on the 13th of March. Sebhdann, daughter of Core, Abbess of Cill-dara, died.
Cruithni devicti fuerunt. Faeldobur Becc sapi- Dubhdalethe mac Dunchon, et Flanncurrigh,
en«Fobair. Adomnanus Episcopus sapiens Ratho mac Aithechdai, moriuntur. Bettum Connacht in
Maighi Oinaigh ; Colman, nepos Littain, religiosus quo cecidit Muredach, mac Inrechtaig. Pontifex
doctor, pausant. Jugulatio Moenaig, mic Sechnu- Maigi heu Saxonum, Garalt, obiit. Magnus phi-
saig. Mors Echdach, mic Colggen, anacorete losophus Hibernie, nepos Mitrebhtha extinctus est.
Ardmache. Colman Telcha-Ualann, et Brecc Ceallach, ingen Duncha, do Uib Liathain, Regina
Berba dormierunt. Coblaith, filia Cellaig Cua- optima, et benigna dormivit. Teimnen Cille-Garad,
land, moritur." religiosus clericus quievit. Cellach mac Tuathail,
1 Rath-Maighe hAenaigh. — A church situated rex Nepotum Cremthainn jugulatus est. Btllum
in Tir-Enna, in Tirconnell. — See note under 779. inter Laigniu Desgabair et Muimnechu, quo Aed,
a Flann Sinna. — " A. D. 731. Mors Flainn mac Colggen, victor erat. Fergus Sebdan, JUia
Sinna Aui Collae, Abbatis Cluana maccunois. Cuirc, dominatrix Cill-daro, obiit. Fergus, mac
Jugulatio Daitgusa, mic Baith, regis na nDeisse ; Conaill Oircnigh, et Ferdomnach Scriba Ard-
2x2
324
[727.
Neachran, mac Oepili [oecc], 5"™ OoeDTijapa, mac bair, coipec na nOeipi. TTluipfoach, mac InOpeachcai-j, DO mapbab, eppcop TTlaije eu epiDe. lom- aipecc ecip Laijniu Ofpgabaip "\ TTluimneca, -| po meabam pia nGoD, mac Colgan. pfpoomnac, pjpibneoip Qpoa TTlaclia, pfpgup.mac Conaill Oipcnij, Decc. Conjalac Cniicha Oecc. Ceallach, injfn Ounchaoha, DO Uib Liachdin, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo piche a peachc. Qn cuicceab bliaDain DO plaicbepcac. lomaipecc ecip CtoD, mac pfp5aile,-| Cenel cConaill, i TTIaij locha, bail in po mapbaD Conain^, mac Conjaile, micpfpjupa, -| pocaiDe ele DoCenel Gojain. GochaiD, mac Gachac, coipec Dail Riaca, Decc. Conall, mac Concubaip, Decc. S. Oochumma 60155011, ancoipe QpDa TTlacha, Decc. Qo6, mac Conamj, coipec lopluacpa, Do rhapbaD. QccCp bo i nOeil^inip Cualann, aomcfno -| aon copp le 50 a plinofnaib, Da chopp 6 a plinDfnaib
mache, obierunt Congalach Cnucho moritur" — Ann. Utt.
b Bishop ofMagh-eo — This is clearly a mistake of the Four Masters. Doctor O'Conor, in his Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, denies that the Annals of Ulster and Tighernach record the death of St. Gerald at 732. He says that at this year they record the death of Muireadhach, one of his successors, and that St. Gerald him- self died long before. See his notes on the Annals of Ulster at the year 731, of Tighernach at 732, and of the Four Masters at 726. It is true that Dr. O'Conor is borne out in his opi- nion by the Annals of the Four Masters, in which it is expressly stated that Muireadhach was Bishop of Mayo ; but the Editor is of opinion that the Four Masters have mistaken the original Annals of Tighernach, in which the passage stands as follows, without any punctuation :
"A. D. 732. Cach Connachc in quo cecmir muipeoachmaclnopachcmjpontipepcrriuije h-6o Sqyonum 5aPal^c obic."
Now it is quite clear from the two verbs cecidit and obit, that two distinct persons are referred to in the entry, and that the passage
should be thus punctuated : "A. D. 732. Cach Connachc, in quo cecibic tDuipeDach ITIac Inopachcaij. poncipepcTTluije h-SoSqionum, ^Japonic, obic;" i. e. " " A. D. 732. The battle of Connaught, in which fell Muiredach, son of Indrachtach. The Pontiff of Mayo of the Saxons, Gerald, dies," i.e. "Gerald, Pontiff of Mayo of the Saxons, dies." It is quite clear that Mui- readhach was a chieftain, not a bishop, and it is more than probable that he was the son of the Indrachtach, King of Connaught, who is
said to have been slain in the year 718 Vide
supra, p. 315, note h.
Colgan also, at Mart. xiii. seems to think that St. Gerald of Mayo died earlier than 732 ; and Ussher thinks that he must have died before the year 697; but Dr. Lanigan clearly proves that both these opinions are groundless. The Four Masters enter the death of St. Gerald under the year 726 ; and in Mageoghegan's translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise it is entered under the year 729 ; but as these Annals are antedated by a few years, it is ob- vious that the same date is intended as in Tighernach. But it should be confessed here that Mageoghegan has mistaken the construe-
727-]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
325
Tinmen, of Cill-Garadh [in, Scotland]; Neachtan, son of Derili, [died]. The mortal wounding of Doedhghus, son of Baeth, chief of the Deisi. Muireadhach, son of Indreachtach, was slain ; he was Bishop of Magh-eob. A battle [was fought] between the South Leinstermen and the Munstermen ; and the victory was gained by Aedh, son of Colgan. Feardomhnach, scribe of Ard-Macha, [died]. Fearghus, son of Conall Oircneach, died. Congalach, of Cnucha", died. Ceallach, daughter of Dunchadh, of the Ui-Liathain, died.
The Age of Christ, 727. The fifth year of Flaithbheartach. A battle" was fought between Aedh, son of Fearghal, and the Cinel-Conaill, at Magh-Itha, where Conaing, son of Congal, son of Fearghus, and many others of the Cinel- Eoghain, were slain. Eochaidh, son of Eochaidh, chief of Dal-Riada, died. Conall, son of Conchubhar, died. St. Dachonna Bolgan, Anchorite of Ard- Macha, died. Aedh, son of Conaing, chief of Irluachair6, was slain. There was a cow seenf at Deilginis-Cualann8, having one head and one body as far as her
tion of his original, which he renders thus :
" A. D. 729. The battle of Connaught was fought, wherein Moriegh Maclnreaghty, Bushop of Moyoe of the English, was slain. Geralt died." It should be: "The battle of Con- naught was fought, wherein Moriegh Mac In- reaghty was slain. The Bushop of Moyoe of the English, Garalt, died." — See Genealogies, Tribes, $c., of Hy-Fiachrach, pp. 452, 453.
c Cnucha. — Now Caislean-Cnucha, or Castle- knock, near Dublin — See note f, under A. M. 3579, p. 39, supra; and, in line 4, col. 1, for "probably" read "certainly." "A. D. 729. Konolagh of Castle-Cnock, died." — -Ann. Clon.
d A battle — These entries are given in a dif- ferent order in the Annals of Ulster as follows, under the year 732 :
" A. D. 732. Congressio iterum inter Aed, mac Fergaile, et Genus Conaill in Campo Itho, ubi cecidit Conaing mac Congaile, mic Ferguso, et ceteri muki. Nativitas Duncha, mac Domhnaill. Occisio Aedo, mic Conaing, Regis Irlochrae. Occisio Echdach Cobo, flii Breasail. Coscrait Cathail do Domhnall a Tailltae acus coscraid Fallomain do Cathal a Tlachtgha" [the onsett
of Cahall to Daniell at Taillten, and the onsett of Fallomain to Cahal at Tlachtga. — Cod. Clarend. torn. 49]. " Jugulatio Dunlaing, jttii Dunchon. Flann Finn, Abbas Cluana-mic-Nois, obiit do cumhaid" [of grief]. " Bolggan, ancoreta Ard- macha;, pausat. Vacca visa est in Delggenis Cualann, se cossa lea .i. da corp iar niarthar, oen cheann sair do omlacht fo thri olnais caich mbleguin." — Ann. Ult.
' IrluacJiair. — The position of this territory is marked by Da Chich Danainne, or the Pap Mountains, in the south-east of the county of Kerry — See Leabhar-na-gCeart, pp. 74, 75.
' A cow seen ; ac cep bo. — This phrase is translated "Vacca visa est" in the Annals of Ulster. Mageoghegan gives the passage as fol- lows, in his translation of the Annals of Clon- macnoise :
" A. D. 730. There was a cow seen in Deilg- inis this year (mine author reporteth to have had conference with divers that did eat part of her milk and butter) which was formed with one body, one neck, and two hynder parts, with two tails and six feet."
8 Deilginis-Cualann. — Now Dalkey Island,
326 aNNdta Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [728.
fiap, -| Da epball. bdcap pe copa puippe, no btijcf po rpf hi gach taoi, -j ba moa ap 506 nuaip a happ. T?o coimleab la Daoinib lomba a hap, •] nf Don im DO pona6 De.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo piche a hochc. Qn peipeab bliabain Do plaicbepcac. lomaipfcc hi TTlaij lorha ecip cloinn Loingpic, mic Gonjupa, 1 cloinb pfpjaili, mic TTlaoileouin, Du in po mapbab pochaibe Do Cenel 6ojam. plaicbepcac DO cochuipeb mupcoblaij DO Oail T?iaca Do cum n6peann, -| lap na ccopachcam, nf po aipipfcap co pangacap Imp hOinae, i po pfpab each eicip plaicbfpcach co na ampaib, ~\ Ciannachca, -\ apaill oUlcoib"] DoChenelGojam,"] po mubaijeab DpongDipirhe oUleoib,Do Chenel 6ojain, i DO Chiannachcaib ann, im Concubap, macCoichene, -| im bpancom, mac 6pam, i po baibeaD Ifon Di'pfme Dib ipin mbanoa, lap ppaoineaD poppa.
Qoip Cpiopc, pecc cceo pice anaoi. lap mbfic pechc mbliabna Do plaic- bfpcach, mac Loingpicch, mic Qongupa, i pijhe nGpeann, acbail inb QpD- macha laparh, lap ccpeccab a pije ap cleipceacc. Suibne, macCponnmaoil, mic Ronain, eppcop Ctpoa TTlaca, Do ecc, 21 lum. Oo Uib Nialldm Do.
Qoip Cpiopc, pecc cceb cpioca. Ctn ceio bliaDam DQooh Qllan, mac pfpjaile, mic TTlaoileDuin, op Gpinn. S. TTlobpioccu bealaij pele, Decc. S. plann, mac Conaing, abb Cille moipe Oiocpaib, Do mapbaoh. 8. Oejfc-
near Dublin. — See note", under A. M. 3501, son of Bran, were slain, and many others drowned
p. 26, supra. in the Eiver Banne."
h Her milk was greater: that is, she yielded ' Cianachta: i.e. the Cianachta Glinne-Geim-
more milk at noon than in the morning, and in hin, who were seated in the present barony of
the evening than at noon. Dr. O'Conor renders Keenaght, in the county of Londonderry, this : "et magna erat ferocitas ejus dum mul- m The Banna: i. e. the River Bann, rising in
geretur," which is incorrect. Beanna Boirche, in the county of Down, flowing
' Magh-Itha " A. D. 733. Congressio in by a circuitous course through the county 6f
Campo Itho inter Flaithbertach JUium Loing- Down, falls into Lough Neagh, from which it
sigh, et Aed Allan mac Fergaile, ubi Nepotes escapes at Toom Bridge, after which it expands
Echdach cesi sunt." itself into Lough Beg, and then, contracting its
k Inis hOinae — In the Annals of Clonmacnoise dimensions, it flows between the counties of
this is called Inis-Owen, which is probably cor- Down and Antrim, and between the plains an-
rect. ciently called Magh-Li and Magh-Eilne, and
" A. D. 730. Fergus brought an army out of falls into the sea below the town of Coleraine.
Dalriady, into Inis-Owen, in Ulster, upon whom » A monastic life Cleipcecc or clericatus
there was great slaughter made, among whom does not appear to mean always the state of
Connor, son of Locheny, and Branchowe, the being in priest's orders. This passage is not in
728.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
327
shoulders, two bodies from her shoulders hindwards, and two tails ; she had six legs, was milked three times each day, and her milk was greater11 each time. Her milk, and some of the butter made of it, were tasted by many persons.
The Age of Christ, 728. The sixth year of Flaithbheartach. A battle [was fought] in Magh-Itha', between the sons of Loingseach, son of Aenghus, and the sons of Fearghal, son of Maelduin, where numbers of the Cinel-Eoghain were slain. Flaithbheartach sent for a marine fleet of Dal-Riada to Ireland, and on their arrival they made no delay till they arrived in Inis hOinaek; and there was a battle fought between Flaithbheartach with his guards and the Cianachta, and others of the Ulidians and the Cinel-Eoghain ; and a countless number of the Ulidians, Cinel-Eoghain, and Cianachta1, were cut off, together with Conchubhar, son of Loichene, and Branchu, son of Bran ; and a countless number of them was drowned in the Bannam, after their having been defeated.
The Age of Christ, 729. After Flaithbheartach, son of Loingseach, son of Aenghus, had been seven years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he died at Ard- Macha [Armagh], having resigned his kingdom for .a monastic life". Suibhne, son of Cronnmael, son of Ronan, Bishop of Ard-Macha, died on the 21st of June ; he was of the Ui-Niallain0.
• *.
The Age of Christ, 730. The first year of Aedh Allanp, son of Fearghal, son of Maelduin, over Ireland. St. Mobrigu, of Bealach-Feleq, died. St. Flannr, son of Conaing, Abbot of Cill-mor-Dithraibh8, was slain. St. Oegheatchair,
the Annals of Ulster, or in the Annals of Clon- inacnoise. O'Flaherty writes : "FlahertiusLong- sechi regis films R. H. septem annos : inde [734] factus monachus." — Ogygia, p. 433.
0 Ui-Niallain — This tribe, who furnished so many archbishops to the see of Armagh, were seated in the present baronies of Oneilland, in the county of Armagh. — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 294, and Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 40.
" Aedh Allan — " A. D. 733. Aedh Ollan reg- nare incipit." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 732. Hugh Allon reigned nine years." — Ann. Clon. :
1 Bealach-Fek — Not identified. The obit of this Mobrigiu is not given in the Annals of Uls-
ter or Clonmacnoise.
' St. Flann.—" A. D. 734. Oedgedcar, Epis- copus Aendromo pausat. Bellum inter Mumain et Laigniu, ubi multi de Laigniu, pene innumera- biles de Momonia perierunt ; in quo Ceallach mac Faelcair, rex Osraigi, cecidit. Sed Cathal, Jilius Finguine, rex Mumhan evasit. Airechtach nepos Dunchado Muirsce, rex Nepotum Fiachrach, et Cathal, Jilius Muredaig, rex Connacht rnoriuntur. Jugulatio Flainn, mic Conaing, Abbatis Cille moire Dithribh. Draco ingens in fine Autumni, cum tonitru magno post se, visus est. Beda sapiens Saxonum quievit." — Ann. UU.
8 Cill-mor-Dithraibh Colgan, in note 108
on the fifteenth chapter of Adamnan's Vita Co- htmbce, asserts that this was the old name of
328 QNNata Rio^hachca eiReawN. [731.
chaip, eppcop nQonopoma, oecc. Car bealaij 6le ecip Cacal, mac pinn- gume, pi TTlurhan, i Laijmu, aipm in po mapBab pochaibe Do Laijmb. Oo pocaip DO TTluimneachaib ann, Ceallach, mac paelcaip, coipec Oppaijje, -] Da mac Copbmaic, mic Ropa, coipich na nOeipi, co cpib mi'lib amaille ppiu. Cacal, mac ITluipeaohaish, pi Connachc, Decc. Qipeccach Ua Ouncaoha TTluippce, coipec Ua piachpac, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo cpiocha a haon. Cfn Dapa bliabam oGooh Qllan. pianarhail, mac J5enciDe> Qbb Cluana lopaipo, Decc. Cpunnmaol, mac Colgan, abb Lupca, -| Oainel, mac Colmain, abb Qipo bpecdin, Decc. Colman, mac TTlupcon, abb TTlaije bile, Decc. TTlaolporhapcai j, mac TDaoi- lecinle, DO Laijmb,i bobbcaD, mac Conaill 5a^Pa) coipec Caipppe, Decc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, pecc cceo cpioca a Do. Qn cpeap bliaDain DQooh Qllan. T?ondn, abb Cinn ^apaoh, Conarhail Ua Loichene, abb Cluana muc Noip, DO Ciannaccaib bpeaj, ~\ ^paiphniD, abb Imleacha pia, Decc. pailbe, mac ^uaipe, comapba TTlaoilepuba, Do bdcab 50 bpoipinn a luinge amaille ppip. Oiap ap picic allfon. pianjalach, mac TTlupchaDa, coipec Ua TDail, [oecc]. Scamnfp ecip Sh;ol Ctoba Sldine, in po mapbaD Cacal, mac Qoba, Don caob roip DO Cfcc CXilbe, la Conainj, mac Qmaljaba. TTluipjfp, mac pfpgupa
Kilmore : " Sedes Episcopalis in regione Breffi- " Cairbre : i. e. of Cairbre-Gabhra, a sept de-
niK, seu comitatu de Cavan."— Trias Thaum., scended from Cairbre, son of Niall Naighiallach,
p. 381. But the Editor thinks that it is Kilmore, and seated in the present barony of Granard,
near the Shannon, in the territory of Tir-Briuin, in the north of the county of Longford, the
in the county of Eoscommon. mountainous portion of which is still called
1 Bealach-Ele. , — " Locus in Elia [Carolina] Sliabh Chairbre.
Eegione Momonise." — Colgan, Ada SS., Ind. " Ronan — " A. D. 736. Mors Eonain, A bbatis
Topogr., p. 873. Cinngaraid. Failbe, mac Guaire, Maelrubi heres
u Fianamliail, $c — " A. D. 735. Mors Fian- [Apor] crosain, in pro/undo pdagi dimersus est
amhla, mic Gertnide, Abbatis Cluana- Iraird ; et cum, suis nautis numero xxii. Conmal, nepos
Mors Crunnmail, filii Colggen, Abbatis Luscain. Lochene, Abbas Clonomaccunois, pausat. Con-
Daniel, mac Colmain Indmin, A M»aw Ardbreccain, gressio invicem, inter nepotes Aedo Slaine, ubi
et Colman mac Murchon, Abbas Maigi-bile quie- Conaing, mac Amalgaid, moritur; Cernach vicit;
verunt. Jugluatio Maelefothartaig, filii Maele- et Cathal mac Aedo ceciditjuxta Lapidem Ailbe,
tuile di Laignib, vir sapiens et ancorita Insole ab orientals parte, gesta est. Muirgis, mac Ferguso
Vacce Albe" [Insi-Bo-Finne] " Dublitter et Foicrid, jugulatur. Breasal, mac ConcobairAird,
Samson nepos Corcrain, dormierunt. Bodbtach occisus est. Oengus, mac Aillello, ri Airddae
mac Conaill Gabri, rex Coirpri moritur." — Ann. Ciannachta, moritur. Mors Graifni, Abbatis
Ult. Imleco Fia. Dal (' a parlee' Cod. Clarend. 49)
731.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 329
Bishop of Aendruim [Nendrum], died. The battle of Bealach-Ele4 [was fought] between Cathal, son of Finguine, King of Munster, and the Leinstermen, where many of the Leinstermen were slain. There fell of the Munstermen here Ceallach, son of Faelchair, chief of Osraighe [Ossory], and the two sons of Cormac, son of Rossa, chief of the Deisi, with three thousand along with them. Cathal, son of Muireadhach, King of Connaught, died. Airechtach, grandson of Dunchadh Muirsce, chief of Ui-Fiachrach, died.
The Age of Christ, 731. The second year of Aedh Allan. Fianamhail", son of Gertide, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard], died. Crunnmael, son of Colgan, Abbot of Lusca, and Daniel, son of Colman, Abbot of Ard-Brecain [Ardbraccan], died. Colman, son of Murchu, Abbot of Magh-bile [Mo villa], died. Maelfothartaigh, son of Maeltuile, [one] of the Leinstermen, and Bodhbh- chadh, son of Conall Gabhra, chief of Cairbrew, died.
The Age of Christ, 732. The third year of Aedh Allan. Ronan*, Abbot of Ceann-Garadh [in Scotland] ; Conarnhail Ua-Loichene, Abbot of Cluain-mic- Nois, of [the sept of] Cianachta-Breagh ; and Graiphnidh, Abbot of Imleach- Fiay, died. Failbhe, son of Guaire, successor of Maelrubhaz, was drowned, and the crew of his ship along with him ; they were twenty-two in number. Fian- galach, son of Murchadh, chief of Ui-Maila, [died]. A battle [was fought] between [two parties of] the race of Aedh Slaine, wherein Cathal, son of Aedh was slain, on the east side of Lic-Ailbheb, by Conaing, son of Amhalgaidh.
inter Aed n Aldan ocus Cathal oc [at] Tir- Coarb of ] " Opercroosann was sunck in the dept
daglas. Lex Patricii tenuit Hiberniam. Fianga- of the sea, and certain seafareing men to the
lach, mac Murchado, rex Ua-Mail moritur." — number of 22." Ann. Ult. * Ui-Mail. — The position of this territory is
' Imleach-Fia. — Now Emlagh, an old church determined by the Glen of Imaile, near Glenda-
giving name to a parish lying to the north- lough, in the barony of Upper Talbotstown, and
east of the town of Kells, in the county of county of Wicklow See note ', under A. D.
Meath. 1376, p. 664.
' Of Madrubha: i. e. Abbot of the Monastery b Lic-Ailbhe — This was the name of a large
erected by Maelrubha, Abbot of Bangor, at stone which stood at Moynalvy in the barony
Aporcrossan, in Scotland. Mageoghegan mis- of Deece, and county of Meath, till the year
takes the meaning of this passage in his trans- 992, when, according to these Annals, it fell,
lation of the Ajmals of Clonmacnoise, where he and was formed into four mill-stones by Mael-
has: " A. D. 734. The work done at" [recte the seachlainn, or Malachy II., Monarch of Ireland.
2u
330 aNNata Rio^hachca eiraeaNN. [733.
popcpaiO, Do mapbab. Qenjup, mac Qilealla, njfpna QipDe Ciannacca, Decc.
Cach Pochapca i TTiaij TTluipremne pia nQooh Qlldn, -| pia cclanocnb Nell an cuaipceipe pop Ulcaib, in po mapbab CfoD l?6m, pi UlaD,"] po bfnab a cfno DC popCloic an commaij i noopap ceampaill pochdipoe,-] po mapbab Concab, mac Cuanach, coipec Coba, 50 pochmbib oile amaille piu. 6a he pochann an chachaCillCunDa DO papuccab la Ua Sejam, Do muincip Qoba Rom, Dia nebaipu Qob Ron peipin, nf pcappam a conn ppif an Uaipp, uaip raob pe caob aca ceall Cunna -| Ceall Uaippe. Congap, comapba pacpaicc, DO pighne an pann po DO jjpeapacc QoDaQlldin a nOiojail papaijcena cille, ap pob eifiurh anmcapa Qooha, co nepbaipc,
Qbaip pe hQob Qllan nuap, Oom piachc poppdn la pluaj piuil, Rom nelacr deb 176m appafp, im Chonna Gill an cafn ciuil.
CionoiliD Qooh Qllan a ploja 50 pochaipo, conaD ann acbepc QoD Qllan occ imcpiall in carha :
1m Chunna jm all manamcapacc, onjiu amu ceim ap conaip, pdicpib QoD T?oin a cfno lim, no puicpfccpa lapoDam.
Qp Don each ceDna ac pubpaoh :
Qp nUlaD im Qob T?6ine la hQob Qllan pf Gpe, Qp comnirh Do Chill Chonna cuippiom bonna ppi meDe. Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD rpioca a cpf. Qn cfcparhaD bliaDain DQooh. S. Uola, mac OunchaDa, eppcop Cluana IpaipD, milm Dionjrhala Do Cpiopc, 065. bpfpal, mac Qo&a Rom, pi Ulab, Do mapbaD ace Dun Celcchaip.
c Ard-Cianachta — Now the barony of Per- * Citt-Cunna Now Kilcoony, in the parish
rard, in the county of Louth. of Ballyclog, barony of Dungannon, and county
d Fochart. — Now Faughard, in the county of of Tyrone — See the Ordnance Map, sheet 39. Louth.— See note k, under A. D. 248, p. 1 14, sup. h Its Conn. — This is a pun on the names of the
'Clofih-an-chommaigh: i.e. the Stone of Break- churches, but in what sense the witty king in-
ing or Decapitation. This is still pointed out tended conn and tarr to be taken, it is not easy
at the doorway of the church of Faughard. Dr. to determine. Conn means sense or reason, and
O'Conor translates this " Saxum circuli con- Tairr is probably the name of the patron saint
ventionis Seniorum," which is incorrect — See of Ceall- Taifre ; or he might have intended by
Lec-comaigh-cnamh, note h, under the year 594. " ni fcappam a conn ppip an rihtpp," to mean
' Cob/ia Otherwise called Magh-Cobha, a "ni pcappam a ceann ppiym ccolamn," i. e.
plain in Iveagh, in the county of Down. " I will not separate the head from the body,"
733.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 331
Muirgheas, son of Fearghus Forcraidh, was slain. Aenghus, son of Ailell, Lord of Ard-Cianachta0, died.
The battle of Fochartd, in Magh-Muirtheimhne [was fought] by Aedh Allan and the Clanna-Neill of the North, against the Ulidians, where Aedh Roin, King of Ulidia, was slain ; and his head was cut off" on Cloch-an-chommaighe, in the doorway of the church of Fochard ; and Conchadh, son of Cuanach, chief of Cobhaf, was also slain, and many others along with him. The cause of this battle was the profanation of Cill-Cunnag by Ua Seghain, one of the people of Aedh Roin, of which Aedh Roin himself said : " I will not take its Conn* from Tairr," for Ceall-Cunna and Ceall-Tairre' are side by side. Congus, successor of Patrick, composed this quatrain, to incite Aedh Allan to revenge the profa- nation of the church, for he was the spiritual adviser of Aedh, so that he said:
Say unto the cold Aedh Allan, that I have been oppressed by a feeble army ; Aedh Roin insulted me last night at Cill-Cunna of the sweet music.
Aedh Allan collected his forces to Fochard, and Aedh Allan composed [these verses] on his march to the battle :
For Cill-Cunna, the church of my confessor, I take this day a journey on the road; Aedh Roin shall leave his head with me, or I shall leave mine with him. Of the same battle was said :
The slaughter of the Ulidians with Aedh Roin [was made] by Aedh Allan, King
of Ireland ; For their coignyk at Cill-Cunna he placed soles to necks'.
The Age of Christ, 733. The fourth year of Aedh. St. Tola"1, son of Dun- chadh, bishop, a worthy soldier of Christ, died. Breasal, son of Aedh Roin, King of Ulidia, was slain at Dun-Celtchair".
which would not be a far-fetched pun, when he privilege, being free from all customs and visi-
intended to give Conn and Tarr a similar pro- tations of temporal lords.
fane treatment. ' Soles to necks. — This is an idiom expressing
1 Ceall Tairre — Now Cill-Thairre, anglice indiscriminate carnage, in which the sole of the
Kilharry, a glebe in the parish of Donaghmore, foot of one body was placed over against or
in the same barony — Ord. Map, sheet 46. across the neck or headless trunk of another.
k Coigny : i.e. Eefection. It would appear m Tola — "A.D. 737. Tole, Episcopm Cluana-
that the King of Ulidia had forcibly obtained Iraird, dignus Dei miles, pausat." — Ann. Ult.
refection in these churches, contrary to their ™ Dun-Celtchair : i. e. the Fort of Celtchar, son
2 u2
332
[733.
CtoD Ollan, pi Gpeann, DO aonol Leice Chmnn, Do Dul i Laijnib 50 pdinic Qc Sfncnr. T?o capcclaimpfc taijin in lion conpangacap DO copnarh a ape ppip. T?o pfpaD cac ainrhin fccoppa ipin maijin pin. Do DeachaiD in pi CJo6 ailan peipjn ipin ccac 50 naipecaib an cuaipceipc a mailli ppip. Tan- Sacap coipij Laijfn imo piojaib ipin ccac, copba puilec poipniaca pa pfpaD an Jjleo pin fccoppa Diblinib. 17o maccaic laoic, "| po camnaic colla leo. Imo corhpainic oQoD Ollan -] DQooh mac Coljan, Do pij Laijfn, -| copcaip GOD, mac Colgan la hGoD Ollan. T?o mapbaD -\ po muDaicceab, po DIOC- aicceaD, i po DioclaicceaD Laijin co hanbpoill ipin caicjleo pin, cond cfpna app Dib acrmab npuaippi mbicc, ~| pcceolanja cfpca. bacap mopo na coipi£, i na haipij copcpacap 6 Laijnib .1. Qooh mac Coljan, pf Ua cCemn- pelaij, 6pan bfcc mac TTlupchaDa, an oapa pi^ boi pop Lai^nib, pfpjup mac TTlaenaij -| Ouboacpioc Da ci^fpna pocapc, mac hUi Cellaij, mac Cpein, pianjalach Ua Ulaileaicgen, Conall Ua Qicechnai, ceirpe meic ploinn IJi Con^aile, Glabach Ua TTIaoluiDip,i pocaibe oile po buD emilc Daipneip.
of Duach, one of the heroes of the Red Branch in Ulster, who had his residence here in the first century of the Christian era. This was one of the old names of the large fort near Downpa- trick, in the county of Down — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 566, n. 52, and Battle of Magh- Rath, pp. 206, 206, note ".
0 Ath-Seanaith — Called Ath-Senaich in the Annals of Ulster, now Ballyshannon, in the county of Kildare, four miles south-west of Kil- cullen Bridge. Ballyshannon, in Ulster, is also called Ath-Senaith, or Ath-Senaich, in Irish. The Bally prefixed in both instances is a cor- ruption of Bel-atha, i. e. os vadi, ford-mouth. This place was otherwise called Uchbhadh. In the Annals of Ulster this battle is noticed at the year 737, and in the Annals of Clonmac- noise at 735, as follows :
" A. D. 737. Bettum Atho-Senaich inter Ne- potes Neill el Lagenienses, .i. Cath Uchba, xiii. Septembris, die vi. ferie, crudditer gestum, est in quo binales Reges celsi vigoris pectoris, armis alter- natim congressi sunt, .i. Aed Alddan, rex Temorie,
et Aed mac Colggen, ri Laigin ; e quibus unus superstes vulneratus, .i. Aed Alddan vixit, alius vero militari mucrone capite truncatus est. Tune nepotes Cuinn immensa victoria ditati sunt, cum Lagenos, suos emulos, insolito more in fugam mit- tunt, calcant, sternunt, subvertunt, consumunt, ita ut usque ad internecionem universus hostilis pene deletus exercitus, paucis nunciis renunciantibus, et in tali bello tantos cedidisse ferunt, quantos per transacta retro secula, in uno svccubuisse impetu, et feroci cecidisse conflictu non comperimus. Cecide- runt in hoc autem bello optimi duces .i. Aed mac Colggen, et Bran Becc, mac Murcado, .i. da ri Laigin, Fergus, mac Moinaig, et Dubdacrich, mac Aincellaig, mic Triein" [duo magnates re- gionis Fotharta~], "et Fingalach hUa Maeleaitcen, Conall hUa Aitechdai; cethre mic Flainn, Aui Congaile ; Eladhach Aui Maeluidhir, et ceteri muhi quos compendia causa omisimus." — Ann. Ult. " A. D. 735. The battle of Athseanye, on the 14th day of the Kallends of September, was cruelly and bloodyly fought between the O'Neales and Lynstermen, where the two
733.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 333
Aedh Allan, King of Ireland, assembled [the forces of] Leath-Chuinn, to proceed into Leinster ; and he arrived at Ath-Seanaith°. The Leinstermen collected the [greatest] number they were able, to defend his right against him. A fierce battle was fought between them. The king, Aedh Allan himself, went into the battle, and the chieftains of the North along with him. The chieftains of Leinster came with their kings into the battle ; and bloodily and heroically was the battle fought between them both. Heroes were slaughtered, and bodies were mutilated. Aedh Allan, and Aedh, son of Colgan, King of Leinster, met each other [in single combat] ; and Aedh, son of Colgan, was slain by Aedh Allan. The Leinstermen were killed, slaughtered, cut off, and dread- fully exterminated, in this battle, so that there escaped of them but a small remnant, and a few fugitives. The following were the leaders and chieftains of the Leinstermen who fell, namely : Aedh, son of Colgan, King of Ui-Ceinn- sealaigh ; Bran Beg, son of Murchadh, the second king who was over the Lein- stermen; Fearghus, son of Maenach, and Dubhdacrich, two lords ofFotharta"; the son of Ua Ceallaigh ; the son of Trian ; Fiangalach Ua Maeleaithgin ; Conall Ua Aithechdai ; the four sons of Flann Ua Conghaile ; Eladhach Ua- Maeluidhirq; and many others, whom it would be tedious to enumerate. The [people of] Leath-Chuinn were joyous after this victory, for they had wreaked
P
Kings, heads of the two Armies, did so roughly gach O'Moyleoyer, and many others which my
approach one another, as King Hugh Allan, Author omitteth to relate, for brevity's sake,
King of Ireland, and Hugh Mac Colgan, King were slain, and sayeth that this was the greatest
of Lynster, whereof the one was sore hurt, and slaughter for a long time seen in Ireland." —
lived after; the other, ,by a deadly blow, lost Ann. Clon.
his head from the shoulders. The O'Neales, " Two Lords ofFotharta — The Fortharta at
with their King, behaved themselves so val- this period appear to have constituted two
liantly in the pursuit of their enemies, and lordships, namely, Fotharta - Fea, afterwards
killed them so fast in such manner, as they Fotharta-Ui Nuallain, now the barony of Forth,
made great heapes in the fields of their car- in the county of Carlow, and Fotharta-an-
cassess, so as none or very few of the Lynster- Chairn, now the barony of Forth, in the county
men escaped to bring tyding to their friends of Wexford. There were many other 'tribes of
home. In this battle the two joynt Kings of the Fotharta at an earlier period. Lynster, Hugh Mac Colgan, and Bran Beag ' Ua Maduidhir — O'Moyleer, or, as the name
Mac Murchowe ; Fergus Mac Moynay, and is now generally anglicised, Myler. He was
Dowdachrich, the two Lords of Foharte ; Mac probably the chief of Sil-Maeluidhir, now the
O'Kelly ; Mac Treyn ; Fiangalagh O'Moyleaigh- barony of Shelmalier, in the county of Wex-
ten ; the four sons of Flann O'Conoyly ; Eala- ford.
334
ciNNCK,a
[734.
bacap pailij Lfc Chuinn mpp an ccopccap pin, uaip po Dfojailpioc a nain- ninne,-] a naincpibe pop Laijnib. Naoi mile apfb ropcaip Dib, arhail apbfpap :
O cac Uchbab co name, imbib rpuclam pfp peine, Nf Doig po jpein 51! gammij piol nach Laigmj in h6pe. Naoi mite Do pocpacap, i ccac Uchbab co noene, Oo ploj 5a'^ian S^P juinic, mop Do muipib pfp Pene.
Qo6 Qlldn cecimc,
Qn rQob ipm uip, an pi ipin puaim,
Qn nendn Don Dela6[in cendn Oil Dem, Lib. Lee. fol.311], la Ciapdn i cCluain.
Sarhrhann cecmic piap an each,
TTla conpipar na Da QoD, bib moppaec a nepjaipe, lTla6 co Dul Dampa ap paer QOD la hQoD mac pfpjaile.
paolan, mac 6pam, pf Laijfn, Decc mp nofijbrchaiD. Ceapnach, mac pojapcaigh, mic Nell, mic Cfpnaijh Shocail, mic Oiapmacra, mic CtoDa Slame, DO mapbaoh. pfpgup mac Cpemcamn Do mapbaD. Sloisheaoh la Cacal, mac pmn5ume, co Laijniu, co pug gialla 6 bpan 6picc mac TTlupcaba, co pug maine mopa.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachr cceD cpiocha acfraip. Qn cuicceab bliabam DCtob. 8. Samchann ogh, 6 Cluain bponaigh i rUebcha, Decc an 19 Do Oecembep. Qp puippi cug Qob Qllan an cfipc pi,
'Fir-Feini: i. e. populi Feniorum. " A Fenisio Farsaidh Hiberni nominantur Fenii. Unde apud nos Oic-Fheni poster! Feuii, in plurali numero dicuntur ab illo." — FiacJi's Scholiast, in Trias Thaum., p. 5, not. 23. Feine is also explained Bpujjcub, a farmer, or yeoman.
* The posterity of. — In this and the battle of Almhuin, fought in 718, the Leinsternien were nearly extirpated by the race of Conn of the Hundred Battles, so that the remission of the Borumean tribute, through the intercession of St. Moling, was but of little advantage to the Leinstermen.
* Cluain : i. e. Cluain-mic-Nois, now anglice
Clonmacnoise, of which St. Ciaran is the patron saint.
u Samhthann. — According to the Leabhar- Gabhala of the O'CleryX the Samthann who composed this quatrain was the virgin saint of Cluain-Bronaigh. — See her death noticed under the year 734, infra.
w Faelan, fyc — " A. D. 737. Faelan, nepos Brain, Lageniensium rex, immatura etate, et inopi- nata morte periit. Cernach, fdius Fogartaig, a suis sceleratis sociis dolose jugulatur, quern vacca- rum vituli, et infime orlis mulieres tediose fleverunt. Jugulatio Fergusa, mic Cremthainn, &c. Slogh- adh Cathail, mic Finguine, co Laigniu, co rucc
734.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 335
their vengeance and their animosity upon the Leinstermen. Nine thousand was
the number of them that was slain, as is said in these verses :
* ,
From the battle of Uchbhadh the great, in which a havoc of the Fir-Feinir
[i. e. the farmers] was made, There is not known on the fair sandy soil the posterity ofs any Leinsterman in
Ireland.
Nine thousand there fell in the battle of Uchbhadh with vehemence, Of the army of Leinster, sharp- wounding, great the carnage of the Fir Feini.
Aedh Allan cecinit :
The Aedh in the clay, the king in the churchyard, The beloved pure dove, with Ciaran at Cluain' !
Samhthann" cecinit before the battle :
If the two Aedhs meet, it will be very difficult to separate them,
To me it will be grevious if Aedh [son of Colgan] fall by Aedh, son of Fearghal.
Faelanw, son of Bran, King of Leinster, died, after a well-spent life. Cear- nach, son of Foghartach, son of Niall, son of Cearnach Sotal, son of Diarmaid, son of Aedh Slaine, was slain. Fearghus, son of Creamhthann, was slain. A hosting was made by Cathal, son of Finguine, into Leinster ; and he obtained hostages from Bran Breac, son of Murchadh, and carried off much property.
The Age of Christ, 734. The fifth year of Aedh. St. Samhthann1, virgin, of Cluain-Bronaigh, in Teabhtha, died on the 19th of December. It was of her Aedh Allany gave this testimony :
giallu O Faelain, ocus co rucc maine mara." She was abbess of Clonbroney, in the barony of [An armie by Cathal mac Finguine into Lein- Granard, and county of Longford. — SeeColgan's ster, and he brought pledges, with great booties, Ada SS., p. 347, n. 26, and ArchdalPs Monast. from I- Faelain — Cod. Clarend., 49.] — Ann. Ult. Hiber., p. 438. In the Feilire Aenguis, and " A. D. 735. Cahall mac Finguyne prepared O'Clery's Irish Calendar, the festival of Sam- a great army and went to Lynster, and there- thann Cluana-Bronaigh is marked at 19th De- out brought hostages from Bran Brick mac cember, and it is added in the latter that she Murchowe, with many rich bootys."— Ann.Clon. died in 739, which is the true year.
" St. Samhthann, virgin, of Cluain-Bronaigh — * Aedh Allan — That some Irish verses were
"A. D. 738. Dormitatio Samthainne Cluano- believed to have been composed by this mo-
Bronaig." — Ann. Ult. narch appears from the Leabhar-Gabhala of the
336
[735.
Samchann ppi poilpi painmanD, mob pojab jeanpa jlunbapp,
Cuab maij nni&e mia6 nimjlann, mop paech po pine Sarhcann.
l?o gab an nf nao apa, ami ppf pije plfpa;
Oa rhaip ppf cepca ruapai, bacap cpuaba a cpeppa.
Gpab ppi nirhe nichiu, jlan a cpiohiu ppi baecha,
Inuchc piabac ppf glanbapp, ap po la Sarhcann paecha.
plann, mac Ceallaig, mic Cpnnomaoil, eppcop Reacpamne, Decc. Guana Ua 6eppam, pcpibneoip Upeoic [oecc]. pfpgup ^ucc coipec Coba [oecc]. Qccfp oopibe aep ulc ~\ aibmillci 05 realjao jpaincpelij in potaicip lopaba ina aijib paip, conab e pochann a baip. Qilill, mac Uuachail, cijfpna Ua cCpiorhrainn, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceo cpioca a cuicc. Qn peipeab bliabam oQob. S. 6pan, Lainoe hGala, Decc. TTlaincheine Uuama ^r^ine) Oecc. piano Peabla, abb 501PC conaij, 1 TTlujbopnaibh TTluighfn, Decc. Ceallac, mac Sechoi, DO Chonmaicmb, abb Cluana muc Noip, Decc. OuboaboipfnD, abb Pobaip, Decc. popbapach, mac Qilealla, cijfpna Oppuije, DO rhapb'aoh.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachr cceo cpioca ape. Qn peachrmab bliabam oGob. Conola, cijfpna Ueabca, Decc. Qmalgaib, mac Carapaij, coipec Conaille, Decc. TTiupchab, mac peapjaile, mic TTlaileDum, Do rhapbaoh. Cach Caipn
O'Clerys, p. 198, and in these Annals at the year 738, where the last quatrain composed by him is quoted.
1 Reachrainn — The Editor is not able to de- cide whether this is the Reachrainn in the east of Bregia, where St. Columbkille erected a church, or Reachrainn, now Rathlin, or Ragh- aree Island, off the north coast of Antrim.
a Treoit. — Otherwise written Trefoid, now Trevet, in the barony of Skreen, and county of Meath. In the Feilire Aenguis the festival of St. Lonan mac Talmaigh, of Treoit, is marked at 13th November, but in O'Clery's Irish Calendar it is marked at 1st November, thus, " tondn 6 Cpepoic i m&pea^uiB," i. e. " Lonan of Trefoit, in Bregia." It is stated in the ancient Irish tract called Senchus na Relec, i. e. the History of the Cemeteries, preserved in Leabhar-na-
hUidhri, fol. 41, b., that Art, son of Conn Ced- chathach, monarch of Ireland, was interred here; and it is added, in the historical story called Cath Maighe Mucraimhe, that the place was called Tn-foid, i. e. Three Sods, because " three sods were dug there in honour of the Trinity, when the grave of Art was being dug there." It is stated in this story that Art, who believed in Christianity, predicted that a Chris- tian church would be afterwards erected over his grave. These passages are given in the An- nals of Ulster, under the year 738, as follows :
" A. D. 738. Fergus Glutt, rex Cobo, sputis venenatis maleficorum hominum, obiit. Cuana, ne- pos Bessain, scriba Treoit, pausat. Dormitatio Samthainne Cluano Bronaig, et dormitatio nepo- tis Maeledathnein Episcopi. Combusti Muintire Domhnaill i mBodbraith, ubi cecidit Bregleith
735.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 337
Samhthann for enlightening various sinners, a servant who observed stern chastity,
In the northern plain of fertile Meath, great suffering did Samhthann endure ;
She undertook a thing [that was] not easy, fasting for the kingdom above ;
She lived on scanty food ; hard were her girdles ;
She struggled in venomous conflicts ; pure was her heart amid the wicked ;
To the bosom of the Lord, with a pure death, Samhthann passed from her suf- ferings.
Flann, son of Ceallach, son of Crunnmael, Bishop of Reachrainnz, died. Cuanna Ua Bessain, scribe of Treoita, [died]. Fearghus Glut, chief of Cobha, [died]. It appeared to him that wicked and destructive people used to cast spits, in which they put charms, in his face, which was the cause of his death. Ailill, son of Tuathal, Lord of Ui-Crimhthainn, died.
The Age of Christ, 735. The sixth year of Aedh. St. Bran, of Lann-Eala [Lynally], died. Maincheine, of Tuaim-Greineb, died. Flann Feabhla, Abbot of Gort-conaighc, in Mughdhorn-Maighen [Cremorne], died. Ceallach, son of Sechdi, one of the Conmaicne, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Dubhdabhoi- reann, Abbot of Fobhar [Fore], died. Forbasach, son of Ailell, Lord of Osraighe [Ossory], was slain.
The Age of Christ, 736. The seventh year of Aedh. Connla, Lord of Teabhtha, died. Amhalgaidh, son of Cathasach, chief of Conaille, died. Mur- chadh, son of Fearghal, son of Maelduin, was slain. The battle of Carn-Fear-
in domo cence. Mors Ailella, mic Tuathail, regis of Cremorne, and county of Monaghan. These
nepotum Cremthainn. Flann mac Ceallaich, entries, and some others omitted by the Four
filius Crunmhail, Episcopus Rechrainne, mori- Masters, are given in the Annals of Ulster at
tur." In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, which the year 739, as follows : are very meagre at this period, the notice of " A. D. 739- In dericatu Domhnall emit.
Fergus Glut is given under the year 736, thus : Jugulatio nepotis Ailello tigherna Ceniuil Fiach-
"A.D.736. Fergus Gluth, prince of the Race ach" [Lord of Kynaleagh Ann. Clon., 737].
of Cova [i. e. of Eochie Cova], with the spittle " Terremotus in He secundo Id. Aprilis. Flann
of men and witchcraft, died." nepos Congaile moritur. Cubretan, mac Congusa,
b Tuaim-Greine : i. e. the mound or tumulus of moritur; et mors Cellaig, flu Sechnadi, Abbotts
Grian, a woman's name, now Tomgraney, in the Cluana mic Nois. Dubdabairenn, Abbas Fo-
barony of Upper Tullagh, and county of Clare, bair" [moritur]. "JDormitatio Maincheine Tomae
' Gort-conaigh : i. e. Field of the Fire- Wood. Greine. Dormitatio Sancti Brain Lainne Ela.
This was the name of a monastery in the barony Flann Febla Abbas Goirt Connaigb, moritur."
2x
338 awNQta Rio^hachca eirceawN. [737.
pfpaohaij, in po mapbaoh Uopcan CTnepeio. puipeachcach, aipcinoeach Inpi Caoil, [-)] plann Qijle, eppcop Gchopoma, Oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo cpiocha a peachc. Qn cochcmao bliabam odoo. Gipeccach, mac Cuanach, abb pfpna, Oecc. TTlaolochcpaicch, abb Cille poipbpij, oecc. pfpoacpioch ab Imlfcha •) Leicjlinne, oecc. Oachua, mac Inoai^he, angcoipe, oecc, -\ CuiOjeal, ab -\ pcpibniO Lujmaib, Oecc. poipcbe Ceneoil piachach, -| Oealbna la hOppai gibh. Cachal mac pino- guine, pf TTluman, oecc. piano peopna, njfpna CopcoTTlo6pua&, Oecc. Qo6 balb, mac Inopeachcaio, pf Connachc, Oecc. Qpcpach, mac Qiceachoa, cijfpna Ua TTleich, 065.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo cpiocha a hochc. Qppiac, abb TTlaige bile, oecc. Qpppica, banabb Cille oapa, Oecc. Cuimmem Ua Ciapam, abb Rech- painne, oecc. CXooh QUan, mac pfpjaile, mic TTlaoileoum, oo cuicim i ccac TTlaije Seipij, .1. Cfnanoup, eioip of Ceab'cha, la Oomnall, mac TTlupchaba, mp mbeich naoi mbliaona i pije Gpeann. Ciujpann Qo6a Qllain,
Oia nom ainpioo mo Oia oil, pop b'pu Cocha Sailceoain, lapam Oia mbeinnpi ppi col, po bao maom oo moj manacol.
Copchaip beop ipin cac ceona Cumapccac, mac Concubaip, cijCpna na nQipcfp,"] TDaonach macConOalai^, cijfpna Ua gCpfrhcainn,-) TTluipeaohac, mac pfpgupa popcpaio, njfpna Ua Uuipcpe. Cach Daimoeipcc i mbpfjaib pia nlnopeachcach hUaConainj, in po mapbao Ounjal, mac ploinn, cijfpna, pfp cCul,-| Pfygup mac Oipcij 50 pocaioib oile. Ceallac, mac Rajallaij,
d Inis Cadi. — Now Inishkeel, an island off the * Core Modhmadh. — A territory in the county
west coast of the barony of Boylagh, and county of Clare, the name of which is still preserved in
of Donegal. — See note under the year 619- that of the barony of Corcomroe. — See note °,
' Eachdhruim: i.e. Equi Mons vel Collis [Col- under A. D. 1 175. The most of these entries are
gal, Acta Sanctorum, p. 632], now Aughrim, a given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 741 :
village in the county of Galway, about four "A. D. 741. Mors Airechtaig filii Cuanach,
miles west of Ballinasloe. prindpis Fernan. Foirtbe Ceiniuil Fiachach
' Citte-Foirbrigh -- Archdall (Monast. Hib., acus Delvna la Osraighi. Mors Cathail mic
p. 52) identifies this with Kilfarboy, in the ba- Finguine, regis Caisil. Mors Maeleochtraigh,
rony of Ibrickan, and county of Clare; but it is Abbatis Cill Fobrigh. Mors Cuidghile, scribe et
more probably Kilbrew in Meath — See note Abbatis Lughmaidh. Mors Aido Bailb, regis
under the year 768 ; and see it again referred Cianachte. Jugulatio Artrach, filii Aitechdai,
to at the years 782, 809, 837. righ nepotum Craumthainn. Lepra in Hibernia."
73?.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 339
adhaigh, in which Torcan Tinereidh, was slain. Fuireachtach, Airchinneach of Inis-Caeild, [and] Flann Aighle, Bishop of Eachdhruim", died.
The Age of Christ, 737. The eighth year of Aedh. Aireachtach, son of Guana, Abbot of Fearna [Ferns], died. Maelochtraigh, Abbot of Cille-Foir- brighf, died. Feardachrich, Abbot of Imleach and of Leithghlinn, died. Dachua, son of Indaighe, an anchorite, died ; and Cuidgheal, Abbot and Scribe of Lugh- mhadh [Louth], died. The devastation of Cinel-Fiachach and of Dealbhna by the Osraighe. Cathal, son of Finguine, King of Munster, died. Flann Feorna, Lord of Core Modhruadhg, died. Aedh Balbh, son of Innreachtach, King of Connaught, died. Artrach, son of Aitheachda, Lord of Ui-Meith, died.
The Age of Christ, 738. Affiath, Abbot of Magh-bile [Movilla], died. Africa, Abbess of Cill-dara [Kildare], died. Cuimmen Ua Ciarain, Abbot of Kechrainn, died. Aedh Allan, son of Maelduin, fell in the battle of Magh- Seirighh (i. e. Ceanannus), between the two Teabhthas, by Domhnall, son of Murchadh, after having been nine years in the sovereignty of Ireland. The last quatrain of Aedh Allan :
If my beloved God would look upon me on the brink of Loch Sailchedain', Afterwards if I should be found at guilt, it would be wealth to a servant to save me.
There were also slain in the same battle Cumascach, son of Conchubhar, Lord of the Airtheara [the Oriors] ; Maenach, son of Connalach, Lord of Ui-Creamh- thainn ; and Muireadhach, son of Fearghus Forcraidh, Lord of Ui-Tuirtre. The battle of Damh-dearg11, in Breagh, by Indreachtach Ua Conaing, in which were slain Dungal, son of Flann, Lord of Feara-Cul1; and Fearghus, son of Oisteach, with many others. Ceallach, son of Eaghallach, King of Connaught,
h Magh-Seirigh — This was the name of the is clearer than that this is the place in Meath plain lying round Dun-Chuile Sibrinne, now now called Loughsallagh, and situated in the Ceanandus, or Kells, in the county of Meath — parish and barony of Dunboyne, near Dun- See note «, under A. M. 3991, p. 56, supra. shaughlin, in the county of Meath — See Ord-
' Loch Sailchedain This is called Loch nance Map of the County of Meath, sheets 50, 51.
Saileach in these Annals at A. M. 3790, but k Damh-dearg: i. e. the Red Ox. Not iden-
Loch Sailchedain by Keating at the same period, tified.
when it is said to have first burst from the 1 Feara-Cul. — See note under A. D. 693. The
earth ; and it is again referred to at the year entries given by the Four Masters under this
1122, where it is described as in Meath. Nothing year (738), are given, with a few others totally
2x2
340
eiRecmw.
[739-
pi Connachc, Decc. Oluchach, mac picceallaij, cijfpna Ua TTlame, oecc. Oubhooqiae, cijfpna Ua mbpiuin Cualann, DO jum. Coincheann, injfn Ceallaij Cualann, oecc.
Goip Cpiopc, peachc cceo cpiocha anaoi. Qn ceo blia&am Do Oomnall, mac TTlupchaDa, mic Oiapmaca op Gpinn ; [ceona pij ClamneColmain punn]. Colmdn, eppcop Laeppam, Oecc. LaiDgnen, mac Ooineannai£, abb Saijpe, pfpgup, mac Colmam Cuclaij, eccnaiD oippoepc, Decc. Reachcabpar, mac pfpjaile DO Connachcaib, Decc. lomaipeacc Qiliuin Da bepnach, in po mapbao Ouboaoop, mac TTlupsaile [•]] Da Ua Ceallaij Cualano, Cacal -| Oilill. T?o chuip in muip mfol mop i ccfp i ccoicceaD Ula6, i mboipce Do punnpaD. Oo DeachaiD gac aon baoi na pocpaib Dia Decpain ap a inj^naice. Ctn can po bap acca copccpaD po ppir cpf piacla dip ina cfno, caocca unga in gach piacoil DibpiDe. 17o chuip piacna, mac Qooha Roin, pi UlaD, -j GochaiD mac bpfpail, ptaic Ua nGacac, piacail Di'b 50 bfnncaip, 50 paibe ppi pe cian pop alcoip mbfnncoip, jup bo poippeil Do each hi ccoiccinne hf.
omitted by them, in the Annals of Ulster, under 742, as follows :
"A. D. 742. Mors Affrice dominatricis Cille-
dara. BeUum Daimderg, in quo ceciderunt Dungal
mac Flainn ri Cul" [i. e. King of Feara-Cul]
" et Fergus, mac Oistic. Innreachtach, nepos
Conaing, victor erat. Mors Cumene, nepotis Cia-
rain, Abbatis Rechrainne. Bdlum Serethmaighe"
[at Kells, Cod. Clarend. 49], "in quo cecidit
Aed Alddain, mac Fergaile, et Cumascach mac
Concobair, ri na nAirther" [rex Orientalium]
"et Moenach mac Conlaich, rex nepotum Crem-
thainn, et Muredach, mac Fergusa Forcraid, rex
Nepotum Tuirtre. Bdlum inter Ui-Maine et
Ui-Fiachrach Aidhne. Bdlum Luirg inter Ui-
nAilello et Gailengo. Hec quatuor Idla pene in
una estate perfecta sunt. Lex nepotis Suanaig.
Concenn, ingen Ceallaich Cualann, moritur.
Jugulatio Duibdoithre, regis Nepotum Briuin.
Affiath, Abbas Maighi-bile" [moritur'] " Com-
mutatio Martirum. Treno Cille Delgge, et in
Bolgach."
m Dubhdothra : i. e. the Black Man of the
Dothair, now the Eiver Dodder, in the county of Dublin.
° Ui-Briuin-Cualann. — A sept giving name to a territory comprising the greater part of the barony of Rathdown, in the present county of Dublin, and some of the north of the county of Wicklow. The churches of Cill-Inghine- Leinin, now Killiney, Tigh-Chonaill, now Sta- gonnell, and Dun-mor, are set down in O'Clery's Irish Calendar as in this territory.
0 Domhnatt, son of Murchadh "A. D. 742.
Domhnall, mac Murcha, regnare incipit.n — Ann. Ult.
p Clann-Colmain. — This observation in brackets is, according to Dr. O'Conor, an in- terpolation in a more modern hand in the Stowe copy.
q Laessan. — Written Lessan in the Annals of Ulster, which is more correct. It is the name of a parish situated at the foot of Slieve-Gallion, in the counties of Londonderry and Tyrone. The most of these entries are given in the An- nals of Ulster, under the year 743, as follows:
739-]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
341
died. Dluthach, son of Fithcheallach, Lord of Ui-Maine, died. Dubhdothram, Lord of Ui-Briuin-Cualannn, was mortally wounded. Coincheann, daughter of Ceallach Cualann, died.
The Age of Christ, 739. The first year of Domhnall, son of Murchadh0, son of Diarmaid, over Ireland ; [he was the first king of the Clann-Colmainp]. Colman, Bishop of Laessanq, died. Laidhgnen, son of Doineannach, Abbot of Saighir, [died]. Fergus, son of Colman Cutlach, a celebrated philosopher, died. Reachtabhrat, son of Fearghal, one of the Connaughtmen, died. The battle of Ailiun-da-bernachr, in which were slain Dubhdados, son of Murghal, [and] the two grandsons of Ceallach Cualann, [namely], Cathal and Oilioll. The sea cast ashore a whale in Boirche8, in the province of Ulster. Every one in the neighbourhood went to see it for its wondrousness. When it was slaughtered, three golden teeth were found in its head, each of which teeth contained fifty ounces. Fiachna, son of Aedh Roin, King of Ulidia, and Eochaidh, son of Breasal, chief of Ui-Eathach [Iveagh], sent a tooth of them to Beannchair, where it remained for a long time' on the altar, to be seen by all in general.
" A. D. 743. Jugulatio Laidggnein, filii Doi- nennaig, Episcopi et Abbotts Saighre. Domhnall in clericatu iterum. Jugulatio Colmain, Episcopi Lessain, la Uibh Tuirtri. Bdlum Cliach, in quo cecidit Concobar dia Uib Fidgeinte. Bdlum Ailiuin-dabrach, in quo cecidit Dubdados, mac Murghaile, da Uae Ceallaig Cualann .i. Cathal et Ailill, interfecti sunt. Jugulatio Murgusa, filii Anluain, i Tuilain. Foirddbe Corcumdruaid don Deis" [the spoyle of Corcumdrua by the Desies. — God. Clarend., 49]. Lex Ciarain, filii Artificis, et lex Brendain simul, la Fergus, mac Cellaig. Mors Fergusa, mic Colmain Cutlaig, sapientis." — Ann. Ult.
' Ailiun-da-bernach : i. e. Island of the Two Gaps. Situation unknown.
' Boirche. — This was the ancient name of the Mourne mountains, in the south of the county of Down. Giraldus Cambrensis, referring to this wonderful fish, says that it was cast ashore at Carlenfordia, now Carlingford, which is op4 posite the Mourne mountains ; but Giraldus,
who only knew the whereabouts, marks the place by the nearest English castle.- Topographia Hiber., dist. ii. c. 10 :
" In Ultonia apud Carlenfordiam inventus est piscia tarn quantitatis immensee, quam qua- litatis inusitatse. Inter alia sui prodigia, tres dentes, ut fertur, aureos habens, quinquaginta unciarum pondus continentes. Quos aureos quidem exteriore quadam similitudine, aurique nitore, potius quam natura crediderim, &c. Nos- tris quoque diebus in Britannia majori, foresta scilicet Dunolmensi, inventa et capta est cerva, omnes in ore dentes aurei coloris habens."
The notice of the casting of this whale with the three golden teeth, ashore, in Boirche, is given in Irish in the Annals of Ulster at the year 752, in nearly the same words as used by the Four Masters ; and in the Annals of Clon- macnoise at 740.
' For a long time; FP1 P^ cian. — An alias reading is inserted in a more modern hand : "no ppi |i6 imcem."
342 dNNCK-a Rio^hachca eiReaww. [740.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo cfcpachar. Qn Dapa blia&ain Do Oomnall. popanoan, abb Cluana hGpaipo, Oecc. Cummene hUa TTlaonaij, abb Lainoe Ceipe, 065. Congup, ancoipe Cluana db'pinne, Decc. Ceanopaolab, com- apba Opoma Cuilinn, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceD cfcpachar a haon. Qn cpeap bliaDam Do Oomnall. Copbmac, eppcop Qcha Upuim, Decc. Ouboaboipfno Ua beccam, abb Cluana hGoaip, Qongup, mac Uiobpaicce, abb Cluana porca baorram Qba, Cialcpocc, abb J^laipi Naoibe, beocaill Qpoachaib, pionjal Lif moipj TTlaolanpaiD Cille achaiD Opomporra, Seachnapac, mac Colgdin, cijfpna Ua cCenpealaij, Decc. lomaipecc Racha cuile pia nQnmcaiD, i ccopcaip hUapgup, mac paccna.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceD ceachpachac a Do. Qn cfrpamaD bliabain DO Oomnall. 8. Cuanan ^hn^e, abb TTlaije bile, Decc 3 Qppil. Qbel, abb Imleacha pia, Decc. Sapdn, abb bfnncaip, 065. Common mo 17oip, -) ba habb Cluana mic Noip epi&e, ba pfp Ian Do pach De 6 b'eop, -\ a ecc. pfp- Dacpfoch, abb Oaipinpi, Decc. Cucummne, eccnaiD rogaibe eipi6e, Do ecc. Qp Do DO pome Qoarhnan an pann, Dm jpeapachc ppf leijionn.
Cucuimne, po lej puirhe co Dpuimne, Qllfrh aile appacha po lecc ap a chaillecha.
° Forannan, fyc — These entries, and a few of Fartullagh, and county of Westmeath. Cum-
others omitted by the Four Masters, are given mine hUa Maenaig is anglicised " Comynge
in the Annals of Ulster under the year 744 : O'Mooney" by Connell Mageoghegan, in his
" In nocte signum horribile et mirabile visum est translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise at
in stettis. Forannan, Abbas Cluana Iraird, obiit, the year 741.
et Congus anchorita Cluana-Tibrinne ; Cum- l Cluain-Tibhrinne — Now Clontivrin, a town- mane Aua Maenaig, Abbas Lainne-leire, mortuus land in the barony of Clankelly, on the confines est. Bettum inter Nepotes Tuirtre & na hAir- of the counties of Monaghan and Fermanagh, them. Congal mac Eignich victor fuit, et Cu- and about one Irish mile west of the town of congalt, filius nepotis Cathasaig, fugitivus evasit, Clones. The ruins of an old church were to be et cecidit Bocaill, mac Concobair, et Ailill, nepos seen in this townland till about forty-three Cathasaig ; i n-innis itir da Dabul gestum est" years ago, when they were destroyed by a [at Inis betweene the two Davuls it was fought, farmer of the name of Stephenson, who tilled — Cod. Clarend., 49]. " Mors Conaill Foltchain, the spot, and removed every trace of its sanctity. scribe. Mors Cinnfaela, principis Droma-cuilinn. In O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 24th October, Morsflii Indfertaigse, Abbatis Tighe Taille." the church of " Cluam CiBpmne" is placed in
' Lann-Leire.— Now the old church of Lyn, ihe territory of " Clann Ceullai j."
on the east side of Lough Ennell, in the barony J Druim-Chuilinn — Now Drumcullen, in the
740.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 343
The Age of Christ, 740. The second year of Domhnall. Forannan", Abbot of Cluain-Eraird [Clonard], died. Cuimmene hUa Maenaigh, Abbot of Lann- Leirew, died. Congus, anchorite of Cluain-Tibhrinne*, died. Ceannfaeladh, Comharba of Druim-Chuilinny, died.
The Age of Christ, 741. Cormac", Bishop of Ath-Truim [Trim], died. Dubhdabhoireann Ua Beccain, Abbot of Cluain-Eois [Clones] ; Aenghus, son of Tibraide, Abbot of Cluain-foda Baedain-abha [Clonfad]; Cialtrog, Abbot of Glais-Naeidhe [Glasnevin] ; Beochaill, of Ard-achadh [Ardagh] ; Finghal, of Lis-mor; Maelanfaidh, of Cill-achaidh-Droma-foda [Killeigh] ; and Seachnasach, son of Colgan, Lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died. The battle of Kath-cuilea, by Anmchadh, in which Uargus, son of Fachtna, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 742. The fourth year of Domhnall. St.CuananbGlinne, Abbot of Magh-bile [Movilla], died on the 3rd of April. Abel, Abbot of Imleach-Fia, died. Saran, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died. Comman of Ross", who was Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, and eke a man full of the grace of God was he, died. Feardacrich, Abbot of Dairinisd, died. Cucummne, a select philosopher, died. It was for him Adamnan composed a quatrain, to stimulate him to learning :
Cucuimne read the authors half through,
The other half of his career he abandoned for his hags.
south of the barony of Fircal, or Eglish, in the c Comman of Ross. — According to Colgan
King's County. — See note under the year 721. (Acta Sanctorum, p. 791, n. 12) this was the
' Cormac, fyc. — These entries are given in the patron saint of Roscommon. — See note under
Annals of Ulster under the year 745, with a the year 746.
few others omitted by the Four Masters, as : d Dairinis : i. e. Oak-Island. There were two
" Dracones in cdo visi sunt. Sarughadh Domh- monasteries of this name in Ireland, one on an
naigh Phadraig ; vii Cimmidi crucifixi." [The island in the bay of Wexford, and the other,
forcible entry of Donaghpatrick, and six pri- which is probably the one here referred to, on
soners crucified or tortured.] — Ann. Ult. Ed. the Abhainn-mhor, or Black water River, and
0' Conor, et Cod. Clarend., 49. about two miles and a half north-west of
* Rath-cuile. — This is probably the Rath-cuile, Youghal, in the county of Waterford. The
anglice Rathcoole, a townland in the parish and place is now called Molana, from St. Maelanfaidh,
barony of Ratoath, and county of Meath. — See its patron saint. In O'Clery's Irish Calendar
the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, published by at 31st January, the Dairinis, of which St.Mae-
Colgan, part iii. c. 14, Tr. Thaum., p. 151. lanfaidh was patron, is described as near Lis-
b St. Cuanan, fyc — These entries are given in mor-Mochuda, now Lismore, in the county of
the Annals of Ulster under the year 746. Waterford ; and in the Gloss to the Feilire-
344
[743.
Ppipccap Cucuimne :
Cucuitnne, po teij puiche co Dpuimne,
ailfch aile apaio cui, legpaiD huile copop pui.
Cuachalan, abb Cinn Rf^monaib, 065. CliDneach baipb^e, oecc. lacob Ua popanndm, ppoicfpcaij fpgna ina aimpip, 065. Ruman, mac Colmdin, paoi in eccna, i ccpoimc, -| i pili&echc, Decc. TTluipfoach TTlfnD, coipec Ua meich, DO rhapbaD i cCuil Cummaipg, la hUlcaib. QeD TTluinofpj, mac plaicbfprai j, ci^fpna an Uuaipcceipc, 065. Seachnupach, mac Coljan, pf Laijfn Dfpjabaip, Decc. lomaipecc Caipn dilche la TTlurhain, in po mapb'ab Coipppe, mac ConDionaipg. lomaipecc pia nQnmchaiD, i ccopcaip Coipppe, pfpjup, agup Caicfp meic Cumpcpaij, co pe coipechoib Decc imaille ppiu. piachpa, mac ^apb'pdin TTlibe, Do baDaD i Loch Rib. Dunlaing, mac Oun- con, cijfpna Ceneoil Qpojail, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD cfrpachar a cpf. Qn cuicceaD bliaDam Do Oomnall. Qpapccac abb TTluicinpi Reguil, DO b'aoaoh. OoDimmoc, ancoipi,
Aenguis, at the same day, it is described near the mouth of the Kiver Abhann-mor.
' Cucuimne. — These lines are given in the Liber Hymnorum, fol. 1 0, a, in a preface to a hymn by Cucuimne in praise of the Virgin Mary, from which it appears that he was leading a bad life : "quia conjugem habuit, et in mala vita cum ittafuit: no comao DO pecijao pemi a neich nao poachc leif oia lejuno DO jjnech in molab fa DO TTIaipe." [Or it was to facilitate his progress in what he had not compassed of his studies that he composed this praise of the Virgin Mary.]
' Ceann-Righmonaidh — In the Feilire- Aenguis and O'Clery's Irish Calendar, this monastery is called Cill-Righmonaidh, and described as in Alba, or Scotland. It was the ancient name of St. Andrews.
* Baisleac : i. e. Basilica, now Baslick, in the barony of Ballintober, and county of Koscom- mon. This church is called Baisleac-mor, Ba- silica magna, in the Tripartite Life of St.Patrick, lib. ii. c. 52. — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 177,
note 104, where it is described as " Ecclesia parrochialis Diocesis Alfinnensis in regiuncula et decanatu de Siol-Muireadhuigh."
h Ua-Forannain — " A. D. 746. Quies Jacobi O'Farannain prcedicatoris maximi tempore suo." —Ann. UU. Cod. Clarend., 49.
' Rumann, son of Colman. — The death of this poet, Rumann (who is called the Virgil of Ire- land in his genealogy in the Book of Ballymote) is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 746, and in the Annals of Tighernach at 747, which is the true year : " Rumann mac Colman, poela optimum, quievit." — Ann. Tig. For a curious notice of this poet see Petrie's Round Towers, pp. 348, 349.
' Cuil- Cummaisg : i. e. the Corner or Angle of the Conflict. Not identified.
k Tuaisceart: i. e. the North. The word Tuaisceart is used here and generally in the Irish annals to denote the country of the north- ern Ui-Neill. It was also sometimes applied to a territory in the now county of Antrim, ex-
743.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 345
Cucuimne replied :
Cucuimne" read the authors half through,
During the other half of his career he will read till he will become an adept.
Tuathalan, Abbot of Ceann-Righmonaidhf, died. Aidhneach, of Baisleac*, died. Jacob Ua Forannainh, a learned preacher in his time, died. Rumann, son of Colman', an adept in wisdom, chronology, and poetry, died. Muireadhach Meann, chief of Ui-Meith, was slain at Cuil-Cummaisgj by the Ulidians. Aedh Muindearg, son of Flaithbheartach, lord of Tuaisceartk, died. Seachnasach, son of Colgan, King of South Leinster, died. The battle of Carn-Ailche1 [was fought] by the Munstermen, in which Cairbre, son of Cudinaisg, was slain. A battle [was fought] by Anmchadh, in which Cairbre, Fearghus, -and Caicher, sons of Cumascrach, were slain, and sixteen chieftains along with them. Fiachra, son of Gaphran, of Meath, was drowned in Loch Ribhm. Dunlaing, son of Dunchu, lord of Cinel-Ardghail", died.
The Age of Christ, 743. The fifth year of Domhnall. Arasgach, Abbot
of Muicinis-Riagail0, was drowned. Dodimog, the anchorite, Abbot of Cluain-
• , . - *
tending from Rathlin Island, on the north, to O'Conor translates this passage in the Annals of
the River Ravel on the south, and comprising the Four Masters, p. 268, " Arasgachus Abbas
the modern baronies of Gary and Dunluce, the Mucinisensis ab Alienigenis dimersus ;" and in
greater part of Kilconway, and the north-east the Annals of Ulster, where a parallel passage
Liberties of Coleraine. — See Reeves's Ecclesi- occurs under the year 747, p- 92, he renders it,
astical Antiquities of Down and Connor, fyc., " Dimersio Arascachi Abbatis insulse porcorum
pp. 71, 324. ab alienigenis ;" to which he appends the fol-
1 Garn-Ailche : i. e. the Carn of Ailche, a lowing note : " Hie Dani vel Norwegi, nomine
man's name. This is most probably the place Alienigenarum subintelligi videntur. In his
now called Carnelly, near the town of Clare, in enim Annalibus semper Hibernice appellantur
the county of Clare. gall, goll, et guill." On this Mr. Moore improves
m Loch Ribh. — Also called Loch Righe, an ex- in his History of Ireland, vol. ii. p. 2, n., as fol-
pansion of the River Shannon, between Athlone lows : " The Annals of Ulster refer to J^. D.
and Lanesborough. 747 the date of this attack upon Rechrain by
* Cinel-Ardghail. — Situation of this tribe not the Danes, and record, as the first achievement
determined. of these marauders, the drowning of the Abbot
0 Muicinis-Riagail: i.e. Hog-Island of St. Ria- of Rechran's pigs. Badudh Arascaich ab Muic-
gail or Regulus, now Muckinish, in Loch Deirg- cinnse re guil." Thus has Irish history been
dheirc, now Lough Derg, an expansion of the manufactured! Dr. O'Conor mistranslates the
Shannon between Killaloe and Portumna. Dr. Irish of the Annals, and Mr. Moore mistranslates
2 Y
346
[744.
abb Cluana hlpaipo, -| Cille oapa, Oecc. Cob'cach, abb Reachpainne, 065. Cuan Camm ejnaib, 065. Cuan angcoipe 6 Liolcaic, 065. TTluipfno, jnjfn Ceallaij Cualann, bfn lojigalaij, oecc. Congal, mac Gignich, cijfpna na nQippcfp, DO mapbao i Raich Gpclaip la Donn boo, mac Conbjifcan.
Qoif Cpiopc, peachc cceo cfrpachac a cfcaip. Gn peipeao btia&ain Do Oomnall. bpeapal, mac Colgan, abb pfpna, oecc. tibep, abb TTlaije bile, oecc. Conall, abb Uuama 5reiT1e> ^£5. Seijeme Clapaich oecc. TTIac Cuanach, eccnai6-oo CenelCoipppe, oecc. Cluain pfpca bpfnainn DO lop- cca&. Gnpao mop oo ceachc ipin mbliaoainp, co po baiceab opong mop DO muincip lae Colaim Cille. Conomach, mac nOenoenoij, oecc. lomaipecc Qipoe Cianachca la Oungal, mac Gmaljaoha, in po mapBab Gillill, mac Ouiboacpioch hi Chmopaolaib, -) in po mapbao Oomnall, mac Cionaooo, hi ppiochjuin mp mbuabujao Do an ceiD pfchr. Coipppe, mac TTlupchaoha TTliohij, Decc,-) becc baele, mac 6achach.
Dr. O'Conor's Latin ! That Muicinis-Riagail is the name of an island in Lough Derg, and that it received that name from St. Riagail or Regu- lus, its patron saint, will appear from the Feilire- Aenguis, and O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 16th October, in which he is called, " Riajail ITIuic- mnpe pop 6oc Oeipjoeipc," i. e. Riagail of Muckinish or Hog-Island, in Loch-Deirgdheirc." Had Dr. O' Conor, and his humble follower, Mr. Moore, studied Colgan's Ada SS., they would have learned that Riagail or Regulus was the name of a saint whose festival was cele- brated on Muic-inis, i. e. Hog-Island, in Loch Deirgdhearc, in Dal Cais, and that it has no reference to Danes or foreigners. Colgan has the following note on Regulus in the Life of St. Farannan, at 15th January: '•'•Regulus de Muc- inis in regione de Dal Cais, c. 7. Ejus natalis celebratur 16 Octobris in insula lacus Deirg- dhearc, qute Muc-inis appellatur, ut docent Martyrolog. Tamhl. et ^Engussius auctus ad eundem diem."— Ada SS., p. 339, n. 24. This mistake is the less excusable in Dr. O'Conor, because the old translator of the Annals of Ul-
ster (Cod. Clarend. 49) renders the passage cor- rectly : " The drowning of Arascagh Abbas Muicinse-Regail," and because he might have learned, even from Archdall, who refers to the proper authority, that " Regulus, who was living in the time of the great St. Columb, was abbot of Mucinis, in Lough-Derg, bordering the county of Galway, where his festival is held on the 1 6th of October."— Monast. Hiber., p. 294.
By what process of reasoning Mr. Moore came to the conclusion that the abbot referred to in this passage, at A. D. 747, was abbot of Rechrainn (a place which was not attacked by the Danes till the year 795), the Editor cannot even ima- gine, and whence he inferred that it was the abbot's pigs that were drowned, and not the abbot himself, looks still stranger, for O'Conor's Latin, literally translated, means " The drown- ing of Arascach, abbot of Pig-island, by the foreigners." The name of St. Reguil or Regu- lus has been, by O'Conor, split in two, and, by a false analysis, converted into the preposition pe, "by," and salla.B, "foreigners." The passages given by the Four Masters under the
744.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
347
Iraird [Clonard], and Cill-dara [Kildare], died. Cobhthach, Abbot of Reach- rainn, died. Cuan Cam the Wise, died. Cuan, Anchorite of Lilcachp, died. Muireann, daughter of Cealach Cualann, [and] wife of Irgalach, died. Con- gal, son of Eigneach, lord of the Airtheara [the Oriors], was slain at Rath- Esclairq, by Donnboo, son of Cubreatan. Ships', with their crews, were plainly seen in the sky this year.
The Age of Christ, 744. The sixth year of Domhnall. Breasal8, son of Colgan, Abbot of Fearna [Ferns], died. Liber, Abbot of Magh-bile, died. Conall, Abbot of Tuaim-Greine, died. Seigeine of Clarach died. Mac Cua- nach the Wise [one] of the Cinel-Cairbre', died. Cluain-fearta-Brenainn [Clon- fert] was burned. A great storm" occurred in this year, so that a great number of the family of la-Coluim Cille [lona], were drowned. Connmach, son of Oendenog, died. The battle of Ard-Cianachta byDungal, son of Amhalgaidh, in which was slain Ailill, son of Dubhdachrich Ua Cinnfaelaidh, and in which was slain Domhnall, son of Cinaedh, in the heat of the conflict, after he had, at the first, gained the victory. Cairbre, son of Murchadh Midheach, died, aft. Beccbaile, son of Eochaidh.
year 743, are entered in the Annals of Ulster under 747, together with a few others totally omitted by the Four Masters, as follows :
" A. D. 747. Badubh Arascaich, Ab. Muicc- innse Eeguil" [the Drowning of Arascach, Abbot of Muicinnis-Eegail. — Cod. Clarend. 49.] " Quies Cuaind Caimb Sapientis. Nix insolite magnitudinis, ita utpenepecoradeletasunt tocius Hibernie, et posted insolita siccitate mundus exarsit. Jforslndrechtaig, Regis Cianachte. Dormitatio Dodimoc, Anchorites Abbatis Cluano- Iraird et Kildaro do chumhaidh" [of grief]. " Sapiens Murenn, filia Ceallaig Cualann, Regina Irgalaig" [principis] "mon- tur. Occisio Congaile, mic Eicnig, regis na nAir- ther i rEaith Esclaith. Lex Au Suanaich for Leith Cuinn. Flann Foirbthe, mac Fogartaig, et Cuan Ancorita 6 Lilcach moriuntur."
The Annals of Clonmacnoise, which are very meagre at this period, notice the great snow, and the drought which ensued it, and the es- tablishment of the Eules of O'Suanaigh, under
2
the year 744.
f Lilcach. — See notes ', k, under A. D. 512, p. 167, supra.
q Rath-Esclair : i. e. Esclar's Fort. This is probably the place now called Kathesker, situated about two miles and a half west of Dunleer, in the county of Louth.
' Ships — " A. D. 648. Naves in aere vise sunt, cum suis viris os cinn Cluana maccunois" [over Clonmacnoise]. — Ann. Ult. See Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar-Connaught, p. 33, note h.
' Breasal, fyc. — These entries are given in the Annals of Ulster, at the year 748.
1 Cinel-Cairbre: i. e. the Eace of Cairbre, son of the monarch Niall of the Nine Hostages, seated in the present barony of Granard, in the county of Longford.
" A great storm. — " Dimersiofamilice Ice propter ventum magnum.'1'' — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., 49. T2
- i •
348 aNNdta Kio^hachra emeaNH. [745.
Qoip Cpiopc, p fchc cceo cfrhpachac a cuij. Ctn pfchrmab blm&ain DO Oomnall. S. Suaipleach, eppcop pobaip,*Decc 21 ITlapci. Oubbaleiche r,a ^paippne, abb Cille Scfpe, Decc. TTlac Neamnaill, abb bioppae, Decc. Comopbach, mac Cellam, ab Cille moip Imp, 065. pobop -] Oomnach Paopaicc DO lopccab. Cachal TTlaenTnaijhe, cijfpna Ua TTIaine, Decc. blachmac, mac Coibofnaij, ojfpna TTlupccpaiDe, Decc. OuboaboipfnD, cijfpna Ua piDjemce, Decc. Qnmchaib, coipfch Ua Liacham, 065. lomai- peacc Inpe Snaicc pia nGnmcam, mac Concfpca. CuDionaipc Ua pfpjupa oUib piachpach, Decc. piachpa, mac Ctilene, cijfpna TTlujDopn, Do rhapbaD. [6ojon mac Cpipoic, abb, Decc].
Qoip Cpiopc, pechr cceo cfcpachar ape. Qn cochcmaD Do Domnall. TTlaoliomapchaip, eppcop Gachbpoma, Decc. Cuanjup, abb Leirh moip, Decc. Colman na mbpfcan, mac paolam, abb Slaine, Decc. NuaDa, mac Ouibplebe, abb Cluana hGoip, 065. puppa, abb Leacnae TTliDe, Decc. Lopg- laijDe eaccnaiD 065. GochaiD Cilli Uoma, Cele Dulaipi 6 Oaimimp Decc. TTlac hUige dp moip [oecc], CopccaD lech aiple Cluanah lopaipo. t>pan, mac baicbeirpe, Decc. [S. Comdn .1. naom Roppa Comain, ajup ip ua6 ainm- mj reap l?op ChomdinDeeppe pan blia&ain pin, no pan blia&am map
" Suairleach, fyc __ These entries are given in to a small parish situated near Tailltin, midway
the Annals of Ulster under the year 749- between the towns of Kells and Navan, in the
1 Cill-Scire : i. e. the Church of the Virgin, St. county of Meath — See Colgan's Trias Thaum.,
Scire, who flourished about the year 580, now p. 129.
Kilskeery, in the county of Meath, about five " Muscraighe __ There were many territories
miles north-west of the town of Kells. The of this name in Munster, but the one here re-
festival of St. Scire of this church is set down ferred to is probably Muscraighe Mitine, now
in the Feilire-Aenguis, and in O'Clery's Irish the barony of Muskerry, in the county of Cork.
Calendar, at the 24th of March — See Colgan's This would appear from its contiguity to Ui-
Acta Sanctorum, p. 337. This Dubdathelethe Fidhgeinte, the plains of the now county of
seems to have been the author of Irish annals Limerick, and Ui-Liathain, in the county of
referred to in the Annals of Ulster. Cork. — See notes under the years A. M. 2859,
' CiU-mor-Mr.— Called in the Annals of 3273, and A. D. 1579 and 1583.
Ulster Cill-mor-Einir. This is the church of b Anmchaidh -- He was the ancestor of
Kilmore, situated about three Irish miles east O'hAnmchadha, chief of Ui-Liathain, before
of the city of Armagh. — See Magh-Enir at A. D. the English Invasion.
825, and Cill-mor-Maighe-Emhir at A. D. 872. ° Inis-Snaig. — Now Inishnag, a townland giv-
' Domhnach-Padraig: i. e. Patrick's Church, ing name to a parish situated at the confluence
now Donaghpatrick, a townland giving name of the River Abhainn High, or Callan River,
745.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 349
%
The Age of Christ, 745. The seventh year of Domhnall. St. Suairleachw, Bishop of Fobhar [Fore], died on the 21st of March. Dubhdaleithe of the Writing, Abbot of Cill-Scire*, died. Mac Neamhnaill, Abbot of Birra [Birr], died. Comorbach, son of Ceallan, Abbot of Cill-mor-Iniry, died. Fobhar and Domhnach-Padraig" were burned. Cathal Maenmaighe, Lord of Ui-Maine, died. Blathmhac, son of Coibhdeanach, Lord of Muscraighea, died. Dubhdabhoi- reann, Lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died. Anmchaidhb, chief of Ui-Liathain, died. The battle of Inis-Snaig", by Anmchaidh, son of Cucearca. Cudinaisc Ua- Fearghusa [one] of the Ui-Fiachrach, died. Fiachra, son of Ailene, lord of Mughdhornad, w^as killed. [Eogone, son of Tripot, an abbot, died].
The Age of Christ. 746. The eighth year of Domhnall. Maelimarchair, Bishop of Eachdruimf [Aughrim], died. Cuangus, Abbot of Liath-mor, died. Colman of the Britons, son of Faelan, Abbot of Slaine, died. Nuada, son of Dubhsleibhe, Abbot of Cluain-Eois [Clones], died. Fursa, Abbot of Leacain- Midheg, died. Losglaigde the Wise died. Eochaidh, of Cill-Tomah, [and] Ceile- Dulaisi, of Daimhinis [Devenish], died. Mac hUige, of Lis-mor, died. The burning of half the Granary of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard]. Bran, son of Baitbeitre, died. [St. Coman1 the Saint, of Ros-Chomain, and from whom Eos-Chomain
with the Nore, near Thomastown, in the county church is called Lecain-mor Midhe, and placed
of Kilkenny. in the territory of Ui-Mic-Uais Midhe. It is
d Mughdhorna: i. e. of Crich-Mughdhorna, not in the modern barony of Ui-Mic-Uais, or
now the barony of Cremorne, in the county of Moygoish, but lies a short distance from its
Monaghan. eastern boundary, in the adjoining barony of
' Eogon.— This is inserted in a modern hand in Corkaree, which shows that in forming the
the Stowe copy. — See Dr. O'Conor's Ed., p. 270. baronies the exact boundaries of the territories
* Of Eachdruim — " A. D. 747- Moyle-Imor- were not preserved.
chor, Bushop of Achroym O'Mayne" [Aughrim h Cill-Toma — Now Kiltoom, near Castlepol-
Omany], " died." — Ann. Clon. lard, in the county of Westmeath. These en-
e Leacain-Midhe : i. e. Leacain of Meath, now tries are given in the Annals of Ulster at the
Leckin, an old church, near Bunbrusna, in the year 749.
barony of Corkaree, and county of Westmeath. ' St. Coman. — This is inserted in a hand more
This church was built by St. Cruimin, who was modern than the autograph in the Stowe copy,
contemporary with St. Fechin of Fore, and According to Colgan (Acta Sanctorum, p. 791,
whose festival was celebrated here on the 28th not. 12), the Coman, whose death, as abbot of
of June — See Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, pp. Clonmacnoise, is mentioned by the Four Masters
141, 231. In the Annotations to the Feilire- at the year 742, was the saint after whom Kos-
Aenguis, preserved in the Leabhar-Breac, this Chomain, now Roscommon, was named. His
350 dNNaca Rioshachca eiReaww. [747.
a5ur foT'^ap aiP S° ra'^ T^ Da ceD blia&ain oaoip. Qcd impeqpan eDip na hannalaib cm acu bliabain map 65 ye, lea.]
Ctoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo cfcpachac a peachc. Qn riomab blia&am Do Oomnall. 8. Cileni Dpoijrech, abb lae, -) angcoipe, Decc 3 lulu. Cachal, mac popannam, abbCille oapa, 065. Oicolla, mac TTleiniDe, abb Inpi ITlui- pfohaij, oecc. piachna Ua TTlaicniab, abb Cluana pfpca bpfnainn, Opbpan, angcoipe, i eppcop Cluana cpfma, Reachcabpac Ua ^uaipe, abb Uuama 5pene, TTlaolcuile, abb Ufpe Da jlap, Decc. plaichbeprach, mac Conaill TTlinn, coipec Cenel Caipbpe, Decc. lnnpeachcach,mac TTluipeaohojj IDmn, 065. poiomfriD, mac pallaij, roiyec Conaille TTlupceimne, ConaingUaDuib- oum, njfpna Caipppe Ueabca, 065. plann, mac Ceallaig, ngfpna rnup- cpaije, Decc.
Cfoip Cpioyc, yeachc cceD cfrpachac a hocr. Ctn DeacmaD blia&am Do Oomnall. 8. TTlaccoiccec, abb Lip moip, 065 3 Decembep. 8. LuicpiD, abb Cluana mic N6iy>, 065 29 Qppil. S. Cellan, abb Cluana pfpca bpfnainn, Decc. Scannlan Duin Lfcjlaip, Decc. THobai Decc. pfpblai, mac TTlapgupa, eaccnaiD, 065. Scannlan Cluana boipfno Decc. puppa Gapa mic nGipc 065. [Gap mic nGipc pop buill Gap Ui ploinn aniuj. Uomalrac, mac TTlaoilecuile DO mapbaD.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachr cceD cfcpachac anaoi. Ctn raonmaD bliabain Decc DO Oomnall. Cfpban Oaimliag Decc. Qbel Qcha Oipne 065. Loingpioc
death is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the Fiachna, son of Aedh Roin, King of Ulidia, was
year 746. According to O'Clery's Irish Calendar, called Fiachna Dubh Droichtech, i. e. Black
at 26th December, the Coman, who was the Fiachna of the Bridges, because he built Droi-
founder and first Abbot of Roscommon, was a ched-na-Feirse and Droiched-Mpna-Damh __
disciple of St. Finian of Clonard, and was a See Reeves's Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down
young man in the year 550, and it is added and Connor, (Jr., p. 359-
that the year of his death is unknown. The ' Inis-Muireadhaigh : i. e. Muireadhach's Is-
same is stated in an extract given from an old land, now Inishmurray, an island off the coast
Life of Coman by Ussher, in. Primord., p. 1066; of the barony of Carbury, in the county of
so that, if we may rely upon these authorities, Sligo, on which are the ruins of a primitive
it is quite evident that the Coman who died in Irish monastery, consisting of small churches
742, or 746, was not the Coman who founded and cells, surrounded with a stone wall, built
Roscommon. of cliff stones, in the Cyclopean style, without
k Cilleni Droigthech : recte, Droichteach, i. e. cement of any kind.
Cillini the Bridge-maker. These entries are m Cluain-creamha : i. e. the Lawn or Meadow
given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 651. of the Wild Garlic, now Clooncraff, nearElphin,
74?.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 351
is named, died this year, or the year after it. There is a discrepancy in the Annals as to which year he died, &c.]
The Age of Christ, 747. The ninth year of Domhnall. St. Cilleni Droig- thechk, Abbot of la, and an anchorite, died on the 3rd of July. Cathal, son of Forannan, Abbot of Cill-dara [Kildare], died. Dicolla, son of Meinide, Abbot of Inis-Muireadhaigh1, died. Fiachna Ua Maicniadh, Abbot of Cluain-fearta- Brenainn [Clonfert] ; Osbran, anchorite, and Bishop of Cluain-creamham; Reach- tabhrat Ua Guaire, Abbot of Tuaim Greine [Tomgraney] ; Maeltuile, Abbot of Tir-da-ghlas [Terryglass], died. Flaithbheartach, son of Conall Meann, chief of Cinel-Cairbre, died. Innreachtach, son of Muireadhach Meann, died. Foid- meann, son of Fallach, chief of Conaille-Muirtheimhne ; ConaingUa Duibhduin, lord of Cairbre-Teabhtha", died. Flann, son of Ceallach, lord of Muscraighe [Muskerry], died.
The Age of Christ, 748. The tenth year of Domhnall. St. Maccoigeth0, Abbot of Lis-mor, died on the 3rd of December. St. Luicridh, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died on the 29th of April. St. Cellan, Abbot of Cluain-fearta- Brenainn, died. Scannlan, of Dun-Lethglaise [Downpatrick], died. Mobai died. Fearblai, son of Margus, a wise manp, died. Fursa, of Eas-mic-n-Eirc, died. [Eas-mic-n-Eirc on the Buill, at this day Eas-Ui-Fhloinnq]. Tomaltach, son of Maeltuile, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 749. The eleventh year of Domhnall. Cearbanr, of Daimhliag [Duleek], died. Abel, of Ath-Oirne8, died. Loingseach, son of
s.
in the county of Roscommon — See note c, under ' Eas-Ui-FMoinn. — Now Assy lin, near the
A. D. 1451, p. 975 ; and A. D. 1405, p. 783. town of Boyle, in the county of Roscommon
° Cairbre-Teabhtha : i.e. Carbury of Teffia, See note8, under A. D. 1209, p. 161. The
now the barony of Granard, in the county of words enclosed in brackets are in a modern
Longford. hand in the Stowe copy See Dr. O'Conor's
° St. Maccoigeth, $c — These entries are given edition of these Annals, p. 272.
in the Annals of Ulster under the year 752, but ' Cearban, &c. — These entries are given in the
the true year is 753, as appears from an eclipse Annals of Ulster, at the year 753.
of the sun mentioned in the Ulster Annals as • Ath-Oirne — In the Annals of Ulster, at the
having occurred in 752, for that eclipse really year 753, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise,
happened on the 9th of January, at 1 1 o'clock at 750, this place is called Ath-Omna, i. e. Ford
A. M — See Art de Ver. les Dates, torn. 1, p. 66. of the Oak, which is the true form of the name.
f A wise man — " A. U. 752. Mors Ferblai, According to O'Clery's Irish Calendar, St. Sei-
./&Y Nargusso, sapientis." — Ann. Ult. sein was venerated at Ath-Omna, on the 31st
352
[750.
mac plairbepcoij;, cijfpna Ceneoil Conaill, 065. plann, mac Concubaip, rijfpna TDaije hQi, Decc. Uuaichlaiche, injfn Carail, bfn pi£ Laijfn Decc. lomaipecc Gipo Naepcan eicip Ua mbpiuin -| Cenel Coipppe, Du in po map- bob pochaibe. poipcbe pocapc pea DOppai^ib. Carhapach .1. pi Ulab, mac Gilealla, oo mapbab i T?aic bechech. Conjjup pcpibnib, eppcop Gpoa TTlaca, Do ecc. Oo Chenel nQinmipe oopibe.
Goip Cpiopc, peachr cceO caoga. Gn Dapa bliabam Decc Do Domnall. Daolsup, abb Cille Scipe, Decc. pian^alach, mac CtnmcaDa, mic TTlaoile- cupaic, abb Inpi bo pinne pop Loc Pib. SneicTicepc, abb nGonOpoma, Decc. pibmame Ua Suanaij, anjcoipe Raicne, Decc. Cluain muc Noip Do lopccab 21 DO TTlapca. Cachal mac Oiapmacra, eccnam, Decc. plaicmab, mac Cnurhai^, njfpna Ua ffieic, 065. Inpfchcach, mac Oluchaij, ci^fpna Ua TTlaine, Decc. plainma, mac plainn, mic Conjaite, roipec Ua pailge, Decc. lomaipecc Cinoebpar, i rropchaip baobjal, mac pfpgail. pianjalac mac Gnmcaba, Decc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD caoga a haon. Gn cpeap bliabain Decc Do Domnall. Golgal, anjcoipe, 6 Imlioch popDeopac, -\ o Cluain mic Noip, Decc. baechallac, mac Colmain hUi Suibne, obb Gcha Upuim, Dej. Copbmac, mac paolain hUi Silne, Decc. popannan, eppcop TTlfrhaip Upuim, Decc.
of August. This may have been the ancient name of Port-Omna, now Portumna, on the Shannon, in the barony of Longford, and county of Galway.
1 Ard-Nae&can. — Now Ardnyskine, near Ar- dagh, and county of Longford.
u Fotharta-Fea. — More anciently called Magh- Fea, now the barony of Forth, in the county of Carlow — See note l, on Magh-Fea, under A. M. 2527, p. 5, and note ", on Cill-Osnadha, under A. D. 489, p. 152, supra. According to the Book of Ballymote, fol. 77, a remarkable hole- stone (now called Cloch a' phoill, situated two miles to the south of the town of Tullow) is in the territory of Fotharta-Fea, near the ford of Ath-fadhat, on the bank of the Eiver Slaney. In Grace's Annals and Anglo-Irish records this territory is called Fohart O'Nolan, from O'No-
lan, its chieftain, after the establishment of
surnames See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii.
c. 64.
w Math-Bethech. — Now Rathbeagh, a townland on the Nore, in the barony of Galway, and county of Kilkenny. — See note *, under A. M. 3501, p. 26, supra.
* Congus. — He succeeded in 730. See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 294, and Harris's Ware's Bi- shops, p. 4 1 .
y Inis-Bo-finne : i. e. the Island of the White Cow, now Inishbofin, an island in that part of Loch Eibh or Lough Eee, which belongs to the county of Longford, where St. Rioch erected a
monastery in the sixth century See Colgan's
Acta SS., pp.266 and 268, nn. 6, 7, and the Map to Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many. The most of these passages are given in the Annals of Ulster
750.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 353
Flaithbheartach, lord of Cinel-Conaill, died. Flann, son of Conchubhar, lord of Magh-Ai, died. Tuathlaithe, daughter of Cathal, wife of the King of Lein- ster, died. The battle of Ard-Naescan', between the Ui-Briuin and Cinel- Cairbre, wherein many were slain. The devastation of Fotharta-Feau by the men of Osraighe [Ossory]. Cathasach, son of Ailell, King of Ulidia, was slain at Rath-Bethechw. Congus*, the scribe, Bishop of Ard-Macha [Armagh], died ; he was of the race of Ainmire.
The Age of Christ, 750. The twelfth year of Domhnall. Daelgus, Abbot of Cill-Scire [Kilskeery], died. Fiangalach, son of Anmchadh, son of Maelcu- raich, Abbot of Inis-Bo-finne, in Loch Bibhy, [died]. Sneithcheist, Abbot 'of Aendruim [Nendrum, in Loch Cuan], died. Fidhmuine Ua Suanaigh, ancho- rite of Raithin", died. Cluain-mic-Nois was burned on the 21st of March. Cathal, son of Diarmaid, a wise man", died. Flaithniadh, son of Tnuthach, lord of Ui-Meith, died. Inreachtach, son of Dluthach, lord of Ui-Maine, died. Flaithnia, son of Flann, son of Congal, chief of Ui-Failghe, died. The battle of Ceann-Fheabhratb, in which Badhbhghal, son of Fearghal, was slain. Fian- galach, son of Anmchadh, died.
The Age of Christ, 751. The thirteenth year of Domhnall. Aelgal, ancho- rite of Imleach-Fordeorach", and of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Baethallach, son of Colman Ua Suibhne, Abbot of Ath-Truim [Trim], died. Cormac, son of Faelan Ua Silne, died. Forannan, Bishop of Meathas Truimd, died. Beannchair-
at the year 754. called " Ancorita Cluana-Cormaic."
' Raithin — Now Rahen, in the King's County. d Meathas-Truim — Called in the Annals of
— See Petrie's Round Towers, pp. 240, 241. In Ulster " Metus-tuirinn." Not identified, the Annals of Ulster the death of Fidhmuine, " A. D. 755. Fergus, Jilius Fothgaideirg, flii
nepos Suanaich, Anchorita Rathin, is entered Muredaig, rex Connacht, Ailgal, ancorita Cluana-
under the year 756. In the Annals of Clon- Cormaic, Forindan, Episcopus Methuis-tuirinn,
macnoise it is entered under the year 75 1 : Baethallach, JUius Colmain, nepotis Suibne, mor-
" A.D. 751- Luanus alias FimoyneO'Swanaye tui gunt. Sloghadh Laighin la Domhnall fria
of Rahin, died." Niall co robhadar i Maigh Muirtheimne" [" The
* A wise man. — " A. D. 754. Cathal, mac armie of Leinster by Daniel upon Niall, untill
Diarmato, sapiens, et Doelgus, Abbas Cille-Scire, they were at Magh Murhevne." — Cod. Clarend.,
mortui sunt." — Ann. Ult. 42.] "^aM/ragwOTDelbnae.i. xxxetar" ['thirty
b Ceann- Fheabhrat — See note ", under A.D. vessels.' — Cod. Clarend., 49] "prater unam in
186, p. 107, supra. Stagno Hi" [Lough Ree] " erga ducem .i. Diuma-
c Irrdeach-Fordeorach. — Not identified. In the sach." — Ann. Ult. Annals of Ulster, at the year 755, Ailgal is The shipwreck of the Dealbhna-Nuadhat is
2z
354
QNNCKXI
[752.
bfnnchaip mop Do lopccab la pele pacpaicc. pfpjup, mac Ceallaij, pf Connachc, Decc. Sloijeab Laijfn la Oorhnall, mac TTlupcha6a, ppi Niall co mbacap i TTluij; TTluipcemne. Loingbpipeab Dealbna Nuabac pop Loch Rib, ima ecijfpna Oiumapac, con Do po pdibeab :
Cpi naoi nfcaip jp a cpf, oon 5amanrai5e Locha Rfb, Ni cfpna Dib i mbfchaib amain, ache luce aenfcaip.
Cac bealaij cpo pia gCpiomcann pop Dealbna Ua TTlaini, in po mapba6 Pino mac Clipb, njfpna Oealbna, 05 Uioppaic Pmn, i dp Oelmna imme, •] ap oe pin ara Locan bealaij cpo, i Uioppa pinD, uaip 05 copnam an cpio- chaic ceO ecip Suca i Sionamn bacap hUi TTlaine ppiu, ap pob ipiDe cpiocha ceo Delbna. Ctp Dopi6e po pai6ea6 :
Cach bpfc bui&nech 6ealaij cpo, ba cpuaj cupup Oealbna Do, Cpiorhcann Deabcac Die DO pare, pop Oealbna neimnec Nuabac. pmn mac Qipb, dipopi Oelbna, po gonab Do ^dib leabpa, Oon each cpoba po ba cing, co copchaip ic dppaic pmn.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD caocca aDo. Qn crcpamab bliabam Decc DO Oomnall. Sionchu, abb Cip moip Decc. SiaDail Linne Ouachail Decc, Gill mop Ofocpaib DO lopccab la hOaib Cpumcainn. Cumapccac, eijfpna
noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, under the year 752, thus :
" A. D. 752. The shipprack was this year of Delvyn Nwagat (which is between the River of Suck and Syninn), on Loch Rye, against their Capitaine, Dimasach."
" Beannchair-mor : i. e. the Great Beanchair, i. e. the Great Monastery of Bangor, in the county of Down.
' Gamhanraiglie of Loch JRibh. — These were a sept of the Firbolgs, who were seated in that part of the now county of Roscommon lying between the River Suck and that expansion of the Shannon called Loch Ribh or Lough Ree. These had been subdued, but not expelled, at an early period, by a sept of the Dal-Cais of Thomond, called Dealbhna, and both were sub- dued by the Ui-Maine, in the ninth century
See Tribes and Customs ofHy-Hany, p. 83, note ", and the map to that work.
g Bealach-cro : i. e. the Pass of Blood, or Bloody Pass. This name, which would be anglicised Ballaghcro, is now obsolete.
h Finn, son ofArbh. — He was chief of Dealbhna- Nuadhat and of the race of Lughaidh Dealbh- Aedh, third son of Cas, the ancestor of the Dal- Cais of Thomond. The Gamhanraidhe were his serfs.
' Lochan-Bea2aigh-cro: i. e. the Pool or small Lough of the Bloody Pass. This may be the lough now called Loughcrone, situated near Turrock, in the barony of Athlone, which is a part of Dealbhna- Nuadhat, lying between the Suck and the Shannon.
k Tibra-Finn: i. e. Finn's Well. There are various wells of this name, but the one here re-
752.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 355
more was burned on Patrick's day. Fearghus, son of Ceallach, King of Con- naught, died. The army of Leinster was led by Domhnall, son of Murchadh, against Niall [i. e. the Ui-Neill], until they arrived in Magh-Muirtheimhne. The shipwreck of the Dealbhna-Nuadhat on Loch-Bibh, with their lord, Diumasach, of which was said :
Thrice nine vessels and three, of the Gamhanraighe of Loch Ribhf; There escaped of them with life except alone the crew of one vessel.
The battle of Bealach-crog [was gained] by Crimhthann over the Dealbhna of Ui-Maine, in which was slain Finn, son of Arbhh, Lord of Dealbhna, at Tibra- Finn ; and the Dealbhna were slaughtered about him. From this are [named] Lochan-Bealaigh-cro1, and Tibra-Finnk. The Ui-Maine were contending1 with them for the cantred between the Suca [the River Suck] and the Sinainn [the River Shannon], for this was [called] the cantred of Dealbhna. Of this was said :
The battle of the speckled hosts of Bealach-cro, pitiable the journey of the Dealbhna to it.
' if *
Crimhthann the warlike brought destruction on the fierce Dealbhna-Nuadhat. Finn, son of Arbh, chief king of Dealbhna, was wounded with large spears, Of the fierce battle was he chief, until he fell at Tibra-Finn.
The Age of Christ, 752. The fourteenth year of Domhnall. Sinchu, Abbot of Lis-mor, died. Siadhail, Abbot of Linn-Duachailm, died. Cill-mor-Dithraibh" was burned by the Ui-Crumthainn0. Cumasgach, lord of Ui-Failghe [OfFaly],
ferred to was probably in Magh-Finn, in the and Customs of Hy-Many, pp. 8 to 14.
barony of Athlone, and county of Roscommon. m Linn-Duachail. — Now Magheralin, in the
1 Contending — When the Ui-Maine, who at county of Down. — See note % under the year
this time were seated at the west side of the 699, p. 300, supra.
River Suck, in the now county of Galway, had ° Citt-mor-Dithraibh — See notes under the
learned that the fleet of the Dealbhna had been year 730, p. 327, supra.
destroyed by a storm on Lough Ree, they made ° Ui-Crumthainn. — A sept descended from
this attack to annihilate them j and succeeded so Crumthann Gael, son of Breasal, son of Maine
effectually in doing so, that the Dealbhna dis- Mor, seated in and giving name to Crumthann,
appear from history early in the next century, now anglice Cruffon, a district in Hy-Many,
For some account of the original settlement of comprising the barony of Killyan, and part of
the Ui-Maine in the province of Connaught, see that of Ballymoe, in the county of Galway. —
the extract from the Life of St. Grellan, in Tribes See Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, p. 73, note '.
2z2
356 dNNa&a Rio^hachca eiraeciNN. [753.
Ua pailge, Do mapbaD la TTlaolouin, mac QoDa bfnnain, pi TTlurhan. Oonn, mac Cumapccoij, coipech Ua mbpiuin an Deipceipc, 065. boobjal mac pfpjaile, abb TTlunsaipDe, Do mapbaD. Uomalcach, cijfpna Cianachca ^linne ^eimin, Decc.
Goip Cpiopc, peachr cceo caoccac a cpi. Gn cuigeaD bliaDam Decc Do Oomnall. TThnpf6ach, mac Copbmaic Slaine, abb LujrhaiD, 065. 61pm £>laipi NaiDfn 065. pfbbaDac Cille Oelcce Decc. TTlapcha, mjfn Oubain, banabb Cille Dapa [oecc]. 5°Pman' comapba TTlochca Lujmaij, Decc i cCluammicNoip, maailicpe,-| baheipiDe acaip Uopbai 5, comapba paopaicc. Nialljup, mac boic, cijfpna na nOeipe 6pfj, Decc. Cachal Ua Cionaocha, coipeac Ua cCeinpelaij, Decc. lomatpeac Dpoma pobaic, ppip a pairfp cac bpecmaije, enp Ui piacpach -] Ui bpiuin, in po mapbaD cpf hUi Ceallaij, .1. cpf meicpfpjnpa, mic Rojallaig .1. Carhpannach, Cachmuj, -j Cfpcbpan, a nanmanna.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD caosar a cfcaip. Ctn peipeaD bbaDain Deg Do Domnall. GochaiD, mac Conaill TTlinn, abb paoibpam Decc. Oubopoma, abb Uuilen, Decc. peiblimiD, no pailbe, abb lae, Decc, lap pecc mbliabna occmojac a aeipi. Coippecach, abb LujmaiD, Decc. GochaiD, mac piac- pac, eccnaiD, 065. Reachcabpac, mac Ouncon, cijfpna TTlujDopn, Decc. lomaipfcc 5a^Pain Plct nGnmchaiD pop Lai^nib. Car Garhna ttlacJia pia bpiachna, mac QeDa Rom, pop Uib Neill, Du in po mapbaD Dunjal Ua Cort- ainj i Donnbo.
p Mungairid. — Now Mungret, situated about Armagh, and died in the year 808. The en- three miles south-west of the city of Limerick, tries which the Four Masters have given under An abbey was founded here by St. Patrick, who the year 753, are set down in the Annals of placed over it a St. Nessan, who died in 551. — Ulster under 757-
See Colgan's Trias Thaum., pp. 157, 158, 186, * Deisi-Breagh : i. e. the Desies of Bregia,
and note f, under the year 551, p. 188, supra, other wise called- Deisi Teamhrach, i.e. the Desies
In the Annals of Ulster, in which these entries of Tara, now the baronies of Deece, in the south
occur, at the year 756, Bodhbhghal is called of the county of Meath.
"pn'raceps Mungairt ;" andDr.O'Conor, whoevi- " Breachmhagh : i. e. Wolf- field. There are dently assumed that Bodhbhghal was a chieftain, several places of fliis name in Connaught, but not an abbot, identifies this place with Mount- the one here referred to is probably the place garret ; but he is clearly wrong, as "princeps" now called anglice Breaghwy or Breaffy, a town- is constantly applied to abbots in the Ulster An- land in a parish of the same name, in the barony nals, and Mountgarret is not an ancient name. of Carra, and county of Mayo :
' Torbach — He was Archbishop and Abbot of "A. D. 754. The battle of Drornrovay, fought
753.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 357
was slain by Maelduin, son of Aedh Beannain, King of Munster. Donn, son of Cumasgach, lord of the southern Ui-Briuin, died. Bodhbhghal, son of Fearghal, Abbot of Mungairidp, died. Tomaltach, Lord of Cianachta-Glinne- Geimhin, died.
The Age of Christ, 753. The fifteenth year of Domhnall. Muireadhach, son of Cormac Slaine, Abbot of Lughmhagh [Louth], died. Elpin, of Glais- Naidhean [Glasnevin], died. Fidhbhadhach of Cill-Delge [Kildalkey], died. Martha, daughter of Dubhan, Abbess of Cill-dara [Kildare], died. Gorman, successor of Mochta of Lughmhagh, died at Cluain-mic-Nois, on his pilgrimage; he was the father of Torbachq, successor of Patrick. Niallgus, son of Boeth, lord of Deisi-Breaghr, died. Cathal Ua Cinaetha, chief of Ui-Ceinsealaigh, died. The battle of Druim-robhaich, which is called the battle of Breach- mhagh", [was fought] between the Ui-Fiachrach and Ui-Briuin, in which were slain the three Ui-Ceallaigh, i. e. the three sons of Fearghus, son of Roghallach, i. e. Catharnach, Cathmugh, and Artbran, their names.
The Age of Christ, 754. The sixteenth year of Domhnall. Eochaidh, son of Conall Meann, Abbot of Faebhran', died. Dubhdroma, Abbot of Tuilen", died. Feidhlimidh or Failbhe, Abbot of la [lona], died, after the eighty-seventh year of his age. Coissetach, Abbot of Lughmhagh [Louth], died. Eochaidh, son of Fiachra, a wise man, died. Reachtabhrat, son of Dunchu, lord of Mughdhorna [Cremorne], died. The battle of Gabhranw [was gained] by Anmchaidh, over the Leinstermen. The battle of Eamhain- Macha* [was gained] by Fiachna, son of Aedh Roin, over the Ui-Neill, wherein were slain Dunghal Ua Conaing and Donnbo.
between the Fiachraches and the O'Briwynes, ° Tuilen. — Now Dulane, a parish situated a
where Teige mac Murdevour and three O'Kellies short distance to the north of Kells, in the
were slain, viz., Cathrannagh, Caffry, and Ardo- county of Meath. There was a monastery here
van. Aileall O'Donchowe had the victory." — dedicated to St. Cairneach See Battle o/Magh
Ann. Clon. Rath, pp. 20, 147.
1 Faebhran. — At the year 8 1 1 this monastery ™ Gabhran — Now Gowran, a small town in a
is placed in Graigrighe, which originally com- barony of the same name, county of Kilkenny,
prised the barony of Coolavin, in the county of * Eamhain- Mocha. — Now the Navan fort,
Sligo, and a great portion of the north of the near Armagh. — See note u, under A. M. 4532,
county of Roscommon. In O'Clery's Irish Ca- p. 73, supra. The events noted by the Four
lendar the festival of Aedh, son of Roigh of Masters at the year 754, are entered in the
Foibhren, is set down at the 1st November. Annals of Ulster at 758, with a few others, as:
awwaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [755.
Goip Cpiopc, peachc cceD caojac a cuij. Qn peaccmab bliabam Decc Do Oomnall. Conoach, abb Lip moip, Decc. Suaiplioch, abb bfnochaip, Decc. Qilgnio, mac 5n°N ppioiyi abbaib Cluana hlpaipD, Decc. ^aimDibla, abb Qipne, Decc. putapcach, mac bpicc, an^coipe [oecc]. TTluipeabach, mac Hlupchaba, no Ua bpain, pi Laijfn, 065. plann, mac Gipc, cijfpna Ua pibgeince, Decc. Gucijfpn, eppcop, Do mapb'ab la pacapc oc alcoip bpijoe, i cCill Dapa, .1. ecip an cpocaingel ~\ an alroip. Qp ap pin po pap co na Dem pacapc oippenn i piabnaipi eppcoip opin alle a Gill Dapa.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD caogacape. Qn cochcrhab bliaDam Decc DO Oomnall. Oomnall, mac TTIuipcfpcaij, cijfpna hUa Nell, Decc. pm- pneachca, mac pogapraij Ui Cfpnaij, Decc. lomaipeacc bealai^ 5a^Pain ecip Laijniu ~\ Oppaijib, co poemiD pia mac Concfpca,-] po mapbab Oonngal, mac LaiDgnem, cijfpna Ua cCempealaig, ~| apoile coipig imaille ppip. lomaipecc Qcha Duma eicip Ulcaib ~\ Ui Gachach, in po mapbab Ctilill, mac peiblimib, cijfpna Ua nGacach.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo caogac a peachc. Qnaoi Decc DO Oomnall. Copbmac, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Oo Cenel Coipbpe Cpuim Do. Ro- bapcach, mac Cuanach, abb Qicne moipe ; Suibne, abb Cluana pfpca, Oom- jnapach, abb Imleac each; peappio, mac paibpe, eccnaib, abb Compaipe
" Estas pluvialis. Benn Muilt effudit ammm ally, by the Four Masters :
cum piscibus." " A. D. 756. There was great scarcity of vic-
y Eutighern — This event is given in the An- tualls this year, and aboundance of all manner
nals of Clonmacnoise at the year 756, and in of the fruites of trees. There was a field fought
the Annals of Ulster at 761, but the true year between those of Clonvicknose and the inhabi-
is 762, as marked by Tighernach : tants of Byrre, in a place called in Irish Moyne-
"A. D. 761. Nix magna el Luna tenebrosa. Koysse-Bloy."
Occisio Echtighern, Episcopi, a sacerdote in der- The parallel entries to these are found in the
taig" [in Oratorio] " Cille-daro. Nox lucida in Annals of Ulster at the year 759 : "Fames et
Autumno, fyc."—Ann. Uti. Mess mar. Bellum etar" [inter] " Muintir
" A. D. 756. Eghtigern, Bushop, was killed Clono et Biroir in Moin Coisse Blae."
by a priest at Saint Bridgett's Alter, in Kill- • Crocaingd. — Dr. O'Conor translates this, dare, as he was celebrating of Mass, which is ' "inter Crucem maximam et altare;" but this
the reason that since that time a Priest is pro- is incorrect, for the Crocaingd is defined in
hibited to celebrate mass in Killdare in the Cormac's Glossary as the latticed partition
presence of a Bushopp." — Ann. Clon. which divided the laity from the clergy, after
Under the same year the latter Annals con- the manner of the veil of Solomon's Temple. —
tain the following, omitted, perhaps intention- See Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of
755.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 359
The Age of Christ, 755. The seventeenth year of Domhnall. Condath, Abbot of Lis-mor, died. Suairleach, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died. Ailgnio, son of Gno, Prior- Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard], died. Gaim- dibhla, Abbot of Ara [Aran], died. Fulartach, son of BreaC, an anchorite, [died] . Muireadhach, son of Murchadh, or grandson of Bran, King of Leinster, died. Flann, son of Ere, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died. Eutigherny, a bishop, was killed by a priest at the altar of [St.] Brighit, at Kildare, between the Cro- caingel" and the altar; from whence it arose that ever since a priest does not celebrate mass in the presence of a bishop at Kildare.
The Age of Christ, 756. The eighteenth year of Domhnall. Domhnall, son of Muirchertach, lord of the Ui-Neill, died. Finsneachta, son of Fogartach Ua Cearnaigh, died. The battle of Bealach Gabhraina [was fought] between the men of Leinster and Osraighe [Ossory], in which the son of Cucerca had the victory, and Donngal, son of Laidhgnen, lord of Ui-Ceinsealaigh, and other chieftains along with him, were slain. The battle of Ath-dumhab [was fought] between the Ulidians and Ui-Eathach [people of Iveagh], in which Ailill, son of Feidhlimidh, lord of Ui-Eathach, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 757. The nineteenth year of Domhnall. Cormac, Ab- bot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. He was of the race of Cairbre Cromc. Eobhartach, son of Guana, Abbot of Athain-mor [Fahan] ; Suibhne, Abbot of Cluain-fearta [Clonfert] ; Domhgnasach, Abbot of Imleach-eachd ; Ferfio, son of Faibhre, a
the Bound Towers of Ireland, p. 202. Dungal mac Laignen, rex Nepotum Cinselai, was
* Bealach Gubhrain : i.e. the Road of Gabhran, slain, and other kings." — Cod.Clarend., torn. 49.
now Gowran, in the county of Kilkenny. This b Ath-dumha : i. e. Ford of the Tumulus, or
road extended from Gowran in the direction of Sepulchral Mound. Not identified.
Cashel, as we learn in the Tertia Vita S. Patricii, " A. D. 760. Helium Atho-dumai inter Ulto-
published by Colgan : nienses el Nepotes Echach, in quo cecidit Ailill
"Tune venit Patricius per Eelach-Gabran, mac Feitelmito." — Ann. Utt.
ad reges Mumuniensium ; et occurrit ei in ° Cairbre Crom. — He was chief of Ui-Maine,
Campo Femin Oengus, filius Natfraich, Rex or Hy-Many, in Connaught, and contemporary
Mumuniensium, 'et ille gavisus est in adventu with St. Ciaran of Clonmacnoise. — See Tribes
Patricii, et adduxiteum secum ad habitaculum and Customs of Hy-Many, pp. 15, 27, 80, 81.
suum, qui dicitur Caissel." — Trias Thaum., The death of the Abbot Cormac is entered in
p. 26, c. 60. the Annals of Ulster at the year 761, and in
The battle of Bealach Gabhrain is noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 757, but the
the Annals of Ulster at the year 760 [recte, true year is 762.
761]: "The battle of Gavran's Pace, where i Imleach-each : i.e. the Strath or Marsh of
360
[758.
TTlioe, oecc. lomaipecc Caille Uaibbig, in po meabaiD pop Cuijni pia cCenel Coipppe. pogapcach, mac Garach, rijfpna hGle, Celepfoaip, abb Ctpoa TTlaca, DO ecc. Oo Ufb bpfpail DO.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo caoccac a hocc. beclaicnae, abb Cluana lopaipo, 065. piooaipte Ua Suanaij, abb Raicne, Decc ceo la oOccobep. ReoDDaibe, abb pfpna, Decc. Qnpaoan, abb Linoe Ouachail, [oecc]. paol- chu pionnjlaipi Decc. lap mbeich piche bliabain i pfje op Gpmn Do Oom- nall, mac ITlupchaDa, mic Diapmacra, puaip bap,-| ba heipibe ceio pf Gpeann 6 Clomn Colmdin, i po habnaiceaO i nOfprhaij co nonoip,-] co naipmiom. Ctp Do po pdiDeab :
Coppin uaip po nucao De, Oomnall Docum nOeapmaijje, Nocha paba Diojal jpeip na rpeip pop lap bpfjmaije.
the Horses, now Eralagh, in the barony of Cos- tello, and county of Mayo. In Colgan's Life of St. Loman of Trim (Ada Sanctorum, p. 362), this place, where a church was erected by St. Brocadius, is described as in " Kierragia Con- nacise regione ;" and in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 9th July, it is called Imleach-Brocadha, and described as in Mayo. Archdall (Monast. Hib. p. 610) is wrong in placing it in the county of Roscommon.
« Comhraire-Midhe — Now Kilcomreragh, near the hill of Uisneach, in the county of West-
meath See note % under A. M. 3510, p. 33,
supra. Dr. O'Conor translates this, "Abbas Coadjutor Midi»," in the Annals of the Four Masters (p. 278), and " prasdicator Midise" in the Annals of Ulster (p. 99) ; but he is wrong in both, and is the less to be excused, because it is rendered correctly in the old translation of the Annals, which he had before him, and in Mageoghegan's Annals of Clonmacnoise, which he ought to have1 consulted, thus :
"A. D. 761. Ferfio mac Faivre, Sapiens, et Abbas Covraire, in Meath, obiit." — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend., 49.
"A. D. 758. Fearfio, the son of a smith,
abbott of Cowrier" [Corhpcnp], " in Meath, died." — Ann. Clon.
' Caille- Taidbig : i. e. the "Wood of Taidhbeg. This is probably the place now called Kiltabeg, situated near Kiltucker, in the county of Long- ford. The septs between whom the battle was fought were seated in the ancient Meath ; the Cinel-Cairbre in Teffia, in the present barony of Granard, in the county of Longford ; and the Luighne, in the present barony of Luighne, or Lune, and in the adjoining districts, in the county of Meath. The notice of this battle is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 761, and is correctly printed by Dr. O'Conor, thus: " A. D. 761. Bellum Caille Taidbig, ubi Luigni prostrati sunt. Cenel Coirpre victoriam accepit." But the old translator, in Cod. Clarend. 49, has mistaken the meaning of it, in the following version : " Battle of the wood called Taidbig, where Luigni of Connaught were overthrowne, and Generatio Cairbre conquerors jam" [victo- riam] " accepit." It should be : " The battle of the wood called Caille- Taidbig, where the Luigni" [of Meath] " were overthrown, and Generatio Cairbre victoriam accepit."
8 Cele-Peadair : i. e. the Servant of Peter.
758.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
361
wise man, Abbot of Comhraire-Midhee, died. The battle of Caille-Taidbigf, in which the Luighne were defeated by the Cinel-Cairbre. Fogartach, son of Eochaidh, lord of Eile [died]. Cele-Peadairg, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died. He was of the Ui-Breasail.
The Age of Christ, 758. Beclaitnae, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard], died. Fidhairle Ua Suanaighh, Abbot of Eaithin, died on the first of October. Reoddaidhe, Abbot of Fearna [Ferns], died. Anfadan, Abbot of Linn-Dua- chail, [died] . Faelchu, of Finnghlais1, died. After Domhnall, son of Murchadhk, son of Diarmaid, had been twenty years in sovereignty over Ireland, he died. He was the first king of Ireland of the Clann-Colmain, and he was buried at Dearmhagh [Durrow] with honour and veneration. Of him was said :
Until the hour that Domhnall was brought to Dearmhagh
There was no avenging conflict or battle on the plain of Breaghmhagh.
He succeeded Congusa in the year 750. — See Harris's Ware's Bishops, p. 4 1 . He was of the Ui- Breasail-Macha, seated on the south side of Lough Neagh, in the now county of Armagh, and de- scended from Breasal, son of Feidhlim, son of Fiachra Casan, son of Colla Dachrich. — See Leabhar-na-gCeart, p. 147, note y.
h Fidhairle Ua Suanaigh. — He became the patron saint of Rahen, near Tullamore, in the King's County, after the expulsion thence of St. Carthach, or Mochuda, who settled at Lis-
rnore, in the county of Waterford See Petrie's
Inquiry into the Origin and Uses of the Round Towers of Ireland, p. 241. The death of Fidh- airle is entered in the Annals of Ulster at 762, but the true year is 763, as marked by Tigher- nach.
' Finnghlais : i. e.' the Bright Stream, now Finglas, a small village in the barony of Castle- knock, about two miles and a half north of the city of Dublin. The festival of St. Cainneach of this place is set down in the Feilire-Aenguis and in O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 15th, of May. In the Gloss to the copy of the Feilire, preserved
3
in the Leabhar-Breac, Findglais is described as "i taebh Atha cliath," i. e. by the side of Dublin.
1 Domhnall, son ofMurchadh. — This monarch's death is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 762 ; but it appears from an eclipse of the sun noticed at the same year, that 763 is the true year — See Art de Ver. les Dates, torn. i. p. 66:
"A. D. 762. !Tor*Domhnaill,/ZzYMurchadha, regis Temorie xii. Kal. Decembris, &c. &c. Sol tenebrosus in hora tertia diei." — Ann. Ult. See also O'Flaherty's Ogygia, p. 433.
" Donaldus filius Murchadi, &c. &c., obiit 12 Calendas Decembris Anno 763, in lona Insula, quo peregrinationem susceperat." — War.
In the Annals of Clonmacnoise, which are about five years antedated about this period, the death of King Domhnall is entered under the year 759, as follows :
" King Donell was the first King of Ireland of Clann-Colman, or O'Melaghlyns, and died quietly in his bed the 12th of the Kalends of December, in the year of our Lord God 759."
362
eiraeciNN.
[739-
Goip Cpiopr, peachc cceD caogar anaoi. Ctn ceiD bliabam Do Niall Ppopac, mac peapgaile, imp 6pmn hi pijhe. piacpa, mac pocaiD, abb 6aip- licce, oecc. ftonan, abb Cluana mic Noip, oecc. Oo Luighmb Do. Copb- mac, mac Qililla, abb TTlainipcpeach buice, 065. Donair, mac Cohence, abb Copcaije, Oecc. pfp5«p> ™ac Ceallaij, pi Connachc [oecc]. Scartlan peimin, mac Cteogaile, Oecc. plann ^apab, cijfpna Cenel mic Gapca, 065. lomatpeacc Oum bile pia nOonnchaD, mac Oomnaill, pop piopa culach. Ounchao, mac 6050111, njCpna na nOeipi, Oecc. TTlupchab, mac TTluipcfp- caij, DO mapbao la Connachcaib. <Cpi ppopa DO peapchain hi Cpich TTlui- peaDaij i nlmp Gojain-.i. ppop DO apccac 51 1, ppop Do cpuirneachc, -j ppop DO mil. Conab DoibpiDe po paioeab :
i ppoppa Qipo uillinne, ap spaD De DO mm Ppopp apjaicr, ppopp cuipinne, agup ppopp Do mil.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD peapccac. Ctn oapa bliaDam Do Niall Ppopac.
1 Niall Frosach : L e. Niall of the Showers — See the year 716. "A. D. 762" [rectt 763]. " Niall Frosagh regnare incipit." — Ann. Ult.
m Baiskac — Now Basliok, near Ballintober,
in the county of Roscommon See note under
the year 742.
" Dun-bile : i. e. the Fort of the Ancient Tree. This was probably the name of a fort in the ba- rony of Farbil, in the county of Westmeath, but the name is now obsolete. There is a Bile-rath, which is nearly synonymous with Dun-bile, in the barony of Kathconrath, in the same county. The events which the Four Masters give under the year 759 are given in the Annals of Ulster at 763, with other curious notices totally and intentionally omitted by the Four Masters :
" A. D. 763. Nix magna tribus fere mensibus, Ascalt mor et fames. Bellum Arggamain inter familiam Cluana-mic-Nois et Dermaigi, ubi cecidit Diarmaid Dub, mac Domhnaill, et Diglac, mac Duibliss et cc viri defamilia Dermaigi. Breasal, mac Murcha victor fuit, cum familia Cluana mic Nois. Siccitas magna ultra modum. Euith fola"
[bloody flux] " in Ma Hibernia."
° Three showers. — These showers are noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 763, in the same Irish words used by the Four Masters, and thus translated in Cod. Clarend., torn. 49 : " The shedding of three showers in, Muireach his land, at Inis-Owen, viz., a shower of bright silver, a shower of wheat, and a shower of hony." — See a notice of three similar showers at the year 716. The famine, the falling of the three showers, and other events, are noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 759, as follows :
" A. D. 759- Nealle Frassagh, son of King Ferall, began his reign imediately after the death of King Donell, and reigned seven years.
" There was a great fam'yne throughout the whole kingdome in generall in the time of the beginning of his reign, in so much that the King himself had very little to live upon ; and being then accompanied with seven goodly Bushops, fell upon their knees, where the King very pitifully before them all besought God of his
759.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
361
The Age of Christ, 759. The first year of Niall Frosach1 in sovereignty over Ireland. Fiachra, son of Fothadh, Abbot of Baisleacm, died. Ronan, Ab- bot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. He was of the Luighne. Cormac, son of Ailill, Abbot of Mainistir-Buite [Monasterboice], died. Donait, son of Tohence, Ab- bot of Corcach [Cork], died. Fearghus, son of Ceallach, King of Connaught, [died]. Scanlan Feimhin, son of Aedhgal, died. Flann Garadh, lord of Cinel- Mic-Earca, died. The battle of Dun-bile" [was gained] by Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, over the Feara-Tulach [Fartullagh]. Dunchadh, son of Eoghan, lord of the Deisi, died. Murchadh, son of Muircheartach, was slain by the Connaughtmen. Three showers0 fell in Crich-Muireadhaighp, in Inis-Eoghain [Inishowen], namely, a shower of pure silver, a shower of wheat, and a shower of honey, of which was said:
Three showers at Ard-Uillinne, fell, through God's love, from heaven : A shower of silver, a shower of wheat, and a shower of honey.
The Age of Christ, 760. The second year of Niall Frosach. Folachtach",
Infinite Grace and Mercy, if his wrath other- wise could not be appeas'd, before he saw the destruction of so many thousands of his subjects and Friends, that then were helpless of reliefe, and ready to perish, to take him to himself, otherwise to send him and them some releive for maintenance of his service; which request was no sooner made, than a great Shower of Silver fell from heaven, whereat the King greatly rejoyced; and yet (said he) this is not the thing that can deliver us from this famyne and imi- nent danger ; with that he fell to his prayers again, then a second Shower of heavenly Hony fell, and then the King said with great thanks- giving as before; with that the third Shower fell of pure Wheat, which covered all the fields over, that like was never seen before, so that there was such plenty and aboundance that it was thought that it was able to maintain a great many Kingdomes. Then the King and the seven Bushops gave great thanks to our Lord.
" There was a battle fought between the
3
families of Dorowe and Clonvicknose, at Arga- moyn, where Dermott Duff mac Donell was killed.
" There was exceeding great drowth this year.
"Allell O Donchowe, King of Conaught, died.
" Donnough, son of King Donell, gave a battle to the families of the O'Dowlies in Fertulagh.
" Moll, King of England, entered into Keli- gion.
"Flaithvertagh mac Longsy, King of Taragh, died in the habit of a religious man.
" Folia wyn me Conchongailt, King of Meath, was wilfully murthered."
p Crich-Muireadhaigh : i. e. Muireadhach's Territory. This district comprised that portion of the present barony of Inishowen, in the county of Donegal, comprising Aileach and Fahan — See the year 716.
q Folachtach, $c — This and most of the other entries given by the Four Masters under the A2
364 QNNaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [761.
polachrach, mac Sappaelaba, abb bioppa, Decc. Loapn, abb Cluana lopaipo, t>ecc. Cellbil Cluana bponaij; oecc. Uola Gipo bpeacain Oecc. Qilill, mac Cpaoibechdin, abb TTlunjapac, [oecc]. plaicbfpcac, mac Loing- picc, pi Gpeann, Decc i nQpo TTIaca, mp mbeic peal pooa i cclepcecc. Suibne, mac IDupchaba co na bip mac Do mapbab. lomaipecc Caipn piachac eicip Da mac Oorhnaill .1. Oonnchab ~| TYlupchab, "| Qeljal cijfpna Ceacba, in po mapbab pallomon, mac Conconjalr, la Oonnchab, "] po mapbab TTlup- chab ann, •] po meabaib pop Qeljal. Oungalac, coipec.Ua Ciacdin, Decc. Uapjal, coipeac Conaille, Decc. Uoppca, macCfpnaic, njfpna na nOeipi,
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD peapccac a haon. Qn rpeap bliabam Do Niall. Cpiomrann, mac TCeachcgoile, abb Cluana pfpca [oecc]. Qoban Lip moip [Decc]. lomaipfcc Spurpa ecip Ui mbpiuin, ~\ Conmaicne, in po mapbab pocaibe DO Conmaicmu, -| Qob Dub, mac Coichlij. 17o meabaib an cio- maipej pin pia nOuibinDpeachcac, mac Cacail. lomaipecc ecip pipa TTlibe 1 bpfja, in po mapbaoh TTlaolurha, mac Uoinl, 1 Oonjal, mac Doipeic.
Ctoip Cpiopr, peachc cceO peapccac aDo. Qn cfrpamab bliabam Do Niall. Cubpan, abb Cille achaib [oecc]. piDbabach, abb bfnDcaip, Decc. Oub- oainbfp, mac Copmaic, abb TTlamipcpeac buici, Do babab ipin 66inn. Slebene, mac Con;j;aile, Do Chenel Conaill ^ulban, abb lae, 065. TTlac an cpaip, abb Ganaij Duib, Decc. ^lamDiubaip, abb Cacpai^ bpium, Decc. TTlup- chab, mac plaicbfpcaij, n^fpna Cenel Conaill, Do mapbab. Ceallac, mac
year 760, are given in the Annals of Ulster now called Cam, and is situated in the barony
under 764. of Moyoashel, in the county of Westmeath :
' Cluain-Bronaigh — Now Clonbroney, near "A. D. 764. Helium Cairn JT iachach inter duos
Granard, in the county of Longford __ See note filios Domhnaill .i. Donnchadh et Murchadh ;
under the year 734. Falloman la Donnchadh, Ailgal la Murchadh.
* In religion: \ ccleipceacr, in clericatu. — In bello cecidit Murchadh; Ailgal in fugam
" A. D. 764. In node signum horribile et mirdbile versus est." — Ann. Ult.
insteUisvisumest. Mors Flaithbertaig^u'Loing- " The Deisi: i. e. the Desies, in the now
sich, regis Temorie, in clericatu."— Ann. UU. county of Waterford. The Annals of Ulster
' Carn-Fiachach : i. e. the Carn of Fiacha. add " defectus panis" at 764, which corresponds
This place was called from a earn, or sepulchral with 760 of the Four Masters, the true year
heap of stones, erected in memory of Fiacha, being 765.
son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, and ancestor w Sruthair. — Now Shrule, or Abbeyshrule,
of the family of Mageoghegan. The place is in the barony of Shrule, and county of Long-
761.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 365
son of Sarfaeladh, Abbot of Birra, died. Loarn, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clo- nard], died. Cellbil, of Cluain-Bronaighr, died. Tola, of Ard-Breacain [Ard- braccan], died. Ailill, son of Craebhachan, Abbot of ]\lungarait [Mungret], died. Flaithbheartach, son of Loingseach, died at Ard-Macha [Armagh], after having been some time in religion8. Suibhne, son of Murchadh, with his two sons, was slain. The battle of Carn-Fiachach' [was fought] between the two sons of Domhnall, i. e. Donnchadh and Murchadh, and Aelghal, lord of Teathbha, wherein Fallomhan, son of Cucongalt, was slain by Donnchadh, and Murchadh was also slain, and Aelghal was defeated. Dungalach, chief of Ui-Liathaiu, died. Uargal, chief of Conaille, died. Torptha, son of Cearnach, lord of the Deisi", died.
The Age of Christ, 761. The third year of Niall. Crimhthann, son of Reachtghal, Abbot of Cluain-fearta, [died]. Aedhan of Lis-mor [died]. The battle of Sruthair* [was fought] between the Ui-Briuin and Conmaicne, in which numbers of the Conmaicne were slain, as was Aedh Dubh, son of Toichleach. This battle was gained by Duibhinnreachtach, son of Cathal. A battle [was fought] between the men of Meath and the men of Breagh, in which were slain Maelumha, son of Toithil, and Dongal, son of Doireith.
The Age of Christ, 762. The fourth year of Niall. Cubran, Abbot of Cill-achaidh*, [died]. Fidhbhadhach, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died. Dubhdainbher, son of Cormac, Abbot of Mainistir-Buithi [Monasterboice], was drowned in the Boinny. Slebhene, son of Congal, of the race of Conall Gulban, Abbot of Iaz, died. Mac an-tsair, Abbot of Eanach-dubha, died. Glaindiubair, Abbot of Lathrach-Briuinb, died. Murchadh, son of Flaithbheartach, lord of
ford — See note", under A. D. 236, p. 112, miles to the north of this river.
where, for " county of Louth," read " county of ' Abbot of la : i. e. of lona. For the pedigree
Longford :" of this abbot see Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 482,
" A. D. 765. Bdlum Sruthre etir hUi-Briuin n. 40.
ocus Conmacne, ubi plurimi ceciderunt di Con- " Eanach-dubh : i. e. the Black Marsh, now
macnibh, et Aed Dubh, films Toichlich cecidit. Annaghduff, a townland and parish near
Dubinrecht.^zM* Cathail, victor fuit." — Ann. Ult. Drumsna, in the county of Leitrim See note ',
1 Cill-acliaidh. — Now Killeigh, near Geshill, under A. D. 1253, p. 349.
in the King's County. " A. D. 766. Conbran, b Lathrach-Briuin : otherwise written Laith-
Abbas Cille-achaidh, moritur."—Ann. Ult. reach-Briuin, now Laraghbrine, near Maynooth,
' The Boinn : i. e. the River Boyne. Mainistir- in the barony of Salt, and county of Kildare.
Buithe, now anglice Monasterboice, is about four According to O'Clery's Irish Calendar, and the
366 aNNdta Rio^hachna emeaNN. [763.
Coipppe, mic pojajiraij, DO rhapbab la larponDaib. lomaipecc QipD na mbpecc pia cCuaimpndma, mac plomn.
Goip Cpiopc, peachc cceo peapccac aepf. Qn cin^eab bliabain DO Niall. ^opmjal, mac Giliolla, oecc. Qe&an, ab Lip moip, oecc. Ceinnpealac, mac Conboipne, abb Imlig lubaip, Decc. Coibofnach, abb Cille Uoma Decc. popjla ppuire Cluana mic Noip 065. Dmbhinpechc, mac Carail, pi Con- nachc, Decc. Gicne, injfn bpfpail bpfj, bfn pi Ufmpac Decc, lap naipilleab pocpaicce 6 Olna rpia Deijjniomaib,"! cpia airpije noiocpa ma raipmceach- coib. lomaipeacc ecip Caijnib bu&Deipin .1. eicip Cionaeo, mac plainD, ~\ CteD, i poipcpinn, in po mapbaD Qeb. Concubap, mac Cumapccaig, cijfpna Qibne, Decc. Niall mac Oiapmaca, cijfpna TTliDhe Decc. 5uin ^uama- pnama, n£fpna Oppaije.
Qoip Cpiopr, peacr cceo peapcca a ceacaip. Qn peipeaD bliaDain Do Niall. THiipjal, mac Ninneaba, abb Rfchpainne, becc. Gncopach hlla Oo- Dain, abb ^linne Da Locha, Decc. Common Ganaigh Oaiche Decc. lomaipecc eicip Oppaigib peippm pia Unaimpnama in po meabaib pop cloinn Cheallai j, mic paelcaip. lomaipfcc pfpna pia cCeinnpealachaib, in po mapbab Oub- calgaij, mac Laibsnen.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceo pfpcca a cuij. C(n peaccmab bliabam DO Niall. Gpojal, abb Clocaip mic nOaimhine, Decc. piachpa ^panaipo Decc.
Feilire-Aenguis, the festival of St Senan was cele- but incorrectly, because forgla is not a man's
brated here on the 2nd of September ; this place proper name, but a common noun substantive,
is described as in the territory of Ui-Faelain. signifying the most, or greater part or number.
c By robbers — "A. D. 766. Cellach, filius But it is probably a mistake of the Four Mas-
Coirpri, yi&Y Fogartaig, a latrone jugulatus est." — ters. The parallel passages in the Annals of
Ann. UU. Ulster run as follows in Cod. Clarend., torn. 49:
d Ard-na-mBreac : i. e. Height of the Trouts, >' A. D. 767. Duvinrecht mac Cahail, rex
or speckled Persons. Not identified. It was Connacie, mortuus est a fluxu sarujuinis. Gorm-
in Ossory. gal, mac Ailella, mortuus est. Aedan, Abbas
' Gormghal, fyc — This, and most of the entries Lismoir, et Lyne sapiens Cluana-mic-Nois, mor-
given by the Four Masters under the year 763, tui sunt."
are given in the Annals of Ulster under 767. h Reward. — The word pocpaic is generally
f Cill-Toma.—Now Kiltoom, near Castlepol- used in the best Irish writings to denote " eter-
lard, in the county of Westmeath — See note nal reward." This passage is given in Latin,
under the year 746. in the Annals of Ulster, as follows, under the
« Sruithe — This is translated " Forglaus sa- year 767 :
piensCluanfe-mac-nosife,obiit,"byDr.O'Conor, "A. D. 767. Eithne, ingin Breasail Breg,
763.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 367
Cinel-Conaill, was slain. Ceallach, son of Cairbre, son of Fogartach, was slain by robbers0. The battle of Ard-na-mBreacd [was fought] by Tuaimsnamha, son of Flann.
The Age of Christ, 763. The fifth year of Niall. Gormghal6, son of Ailioll, died. Aedhan, Abbot of Lis-mor, died. Ceinnsealach, son of Cuboirne, Abbot of Imleach-Iubhair [Emly], died. Coibhdeanach, Abbot of Cill-Tomaf, died. The most of the Sruithe* [religious seniors] of Cluain-mic-Nois died. Duibh- inrecht, son of Cathal, King of Connaught, died. Eithne, daughter of Breasal Breagh, [and] wife of the King of Teamhair [Tara], died, after having deserved reward1 from God for her good works, and for her intense penance for her sins. A battle was fought between the Leinstermen themselves, namely, between Cinaech, son of Flann, and Aedh, at Foirtrinn', where Aedh was slain. Con- ch ubhar, son of Cumasgach, lord of Aidhne, died. Niall, son of Diarmaid, lord of Meath, died. The slaying of Tuaimsnamhak, lord of Osraighe [Ossory].
The Age of Christ, 764. The sixth year of Niall. Murghal, son of Nin- nidh, Abbot of Reachrainn, died. Enchorach Ua Dodain, Abbot of Gleann-da- locha, died. Comman, of Eanach-Daithe1, died. A battle between the Osraighe"1 themselves, by Tuaimsnamha, in which the sons of Ceallach, son of Faelchar, were routed. The battle of Fearna [Ferns] [was fought] by the Ui-Ceinn- sealaigh, in which Dubhchalgach, son of Laidhgnen, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 765. The seventh year of Niall. Ardghal, Abbot of Clochar-mac-nDaimhinen, died. Fiachra, of Granard, died. Feirghil, of.Cill-
Regina Regis Temorie, Regnum celeste adipisci Irish Calendar, or in the gloss to the Feilire-
meruit post penitentiam." Aenguis in the Leabhar-Breac.
' Foirtrinn — Dr. O'Conor translates this, " in m The Osraighe : i. e. the People of Ossory.
regione Pictorum ;" but he is decidedly wrong, " A. D. 768. Coscrad itir Osraigi invicem, ubi
for we must assume that Foirtrinn was the JUii Ceallaig, jttii Faelchair in fugam versi smit.
name of a place in Leinster in Ireland, unless Toimsnamha victor evasit." — Ann. Ult.
we suppose that the Leinstermen went over to The Annals of Ulster contain, under the year
Foirtren in Scotland to fight a battle between 768, the following notices, totally omitted by
themselves there. the Four Masters :
k Tuaimsnamha. — This entry is a mistake, " Longus Coirpri, mic Foghertaig, re nDonn-
and should have been struck out by the Four cha" [the expulsion of Cairbre, son of Foghar-
Masters — See the notice of the death of this tach, by Donnchadh]. " Terremotus, fames, el
chieftain under the year 765. morbus lepre, mvltas invasit. Habundantia diar-
1 Eanach-Daithe : i. e. Daithe's Marsh. Not mesa glandium."
identified. This name does not occur in O'Clery's - Clochar-mdc-nDaimhine : i. e. Clogher of the
368 awwata Rioshachca eirceawN. [766.
peipjil Chille moip Gimipe oecc. peapgup, mac Cacail, eppcop, Decc. polaccach Tinge Uuae, abb Cluana mic Noip, Oecc. CpunOmaol, eppcop 1 abb Cille moipe Gmipe, 065. Conomac, mac bpenainn, abb Cluana Uochne, oecc. hUa becce, abb pobaip, oecc. Uuaimpnama, mac ploinn, cijfpna Oppaije, DO rhapbab. Napgal, mac Narpluaig, Oecc. lomaipecc ecip Laijnib buboeipin, in po meabaib pia cCeallac, mac nOunchaba, -| in po mapb'ab Cionaeb, macploinn, ~\ a bpdcaipCeallac, ~\ Caicnia, mac becce, -\ pochaibe eli cenmocaiopibe. Spaineab ecip Uf Cennpealaij, in po meabaib pia nGreppgel, mac Qoba, mic Colgan, i in po mapbaoh Cennpealac, mac bpain, taip. Copcpab Ocae pia bpfpaib ofpcepc bpfj pop Laijmu. Copcpab bhuilg boinne pop piopa oepcepc bpfj in po mapbaD plaicbfprach, mac ploinn, mic Rojallaij, i hUaipcpibe, mac baic, "| Snebgup, mac Qinpnj, ~] Cfpnac, mac ploinn phoipbre. CopcpaDh Qca cliac pia Ciannaccaib bpeaj pop MJa ^eg,-] dp mop pop Caijnib, ~\ ona po bdioheab pochaibe DO Ciannacli- caibh illdn mapa oc cionncuD. Niall Ppopach, mac pfpjaile, pfcc mbliabna op 6ipmn na pigh, co nepbail i nl Cholaim Chille 050 oilicpe lap nochc mbliabna lapom.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachr cceD peapcca a pe. In ceo bliabain Do Ohonnchab, mac Oomnaill, uap 6ipmn, i pfge. planb hUa Dacua, abb Inpi CainDfja, 065. pailbe Gpoaim 065. popbapac Ua Cfpnaij, abb Cluana mic Moip, Decc. Oo hUib bpiuin Do pein. Qebgen, eppcop -\ abb pobaip, 065. Cob- Sons of Daimhin. This was the ancient name q Cluain-Tochne. — Not identified.
of the town of Clogher, in the county of Tyrone. ' Tuaimsnamha, son ofFlann See his death
— See note under the year 701. already entered by mistake under the year 763.
" Cill-mor-Eimhire This is probably the It is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year
church of Kilmore-Oneilland, in the county of 769, as are most of the entries which the Four
Armagh. — See it again referred to at the year Masters have given under 765.
872, under the name of Ceall-mor Maighe ' Ocha. — This was the ancient name of a place
Eimhir, i. e. the great church of the plain of near the hill of Tara, in Meath See note d,
Emhir. under the year 478, p. 150, supra.
'' Teach Tuae : i. e. the House of St. Tua, now * Bolg-Boinne : i. e. the Belly of the Boyne. anglice Taghadoe, and sometimes Taptoo, situated This was probably the name of a remarkable nearMaynooth, inthecountyof Kildare. The an- winding of the Eiver Boyne, near Clonard, in cient church of this place has disappeared, but the county of Meath.
a considerable part of a round tower still stands " A. D. 769. The Onesett of Bolgboinne" in the grave-yard, which indicates the ecclesi- [Cor-cpao builj 6omne] "upon the men of astical importance of the place. Descert-Bregh, where Flaithvertach, macFlainn,
766.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 36<J
mor-Eimhire0, died. Fearghus, son of Cathal, a bishop, died. Folachtach, son of Teach Tuaep, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Crunnmael, Bishop and Abbot of Cill-mor-Eimhire, died. Connmhach, son of Brenainn, Abbot of Cluain-Tochneq, died. hUa Becce, Abbot of Fobhar [Fore], died. Tuaimsnamha, son of Flannr, lord of Osraighe, was slain. Narghal, son of Natsluaigh, died. A battle between the Leinstermen themselves, wherein Ceallach, son of Dunchadh, had the vic- tory, and in which Cinaedh, son of Flann, and his brother, Ceallach, and Caith- nia, son of Becc, and many others besides them, were slain. A conflict between the Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, in which Edersgel, son of Aedh, son of Colgan, had the victory, and in which Ceinnsealach, son of Bran, was slain by him. The battle of Ocha8 by the men of South Breagh upon the Leinstermen. The battle of Bolg-Boinne' against the men of South Breagh, in which were slain Flaith- bheartach, son of Flann, son of Roghallach ; Uairchridhe, son of Baeth ; Snedh- gus, son of Ainsteach ; and Cearnach, son of Flann Foirbhthe. The battle of Ath-cliathu, by the Cianachta-Breaghw, against Ui Tegh1; and there was great slaughter made of the Leinstermen, and numbers of the Cianachta were drowned in the full tide on their returning. Niall Frosachy, son of Fearghal, was seven years king over Ireland [when he resigned]; and he died at I-Coluim-Cille, on his pilgrimage eight years afterwards.
The Age of Christ, 766. The first year of Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, in sovereignty over Ireland. Flann Ua Dachua, Abbot of Inis-cain-Deagha*, died. Failbhe Erdaimh died. Forbasach Ua Cearnaigh, Abbot of Cluain-mic- Nois, died ; he was of the Ui-Briuin. Aedhgen, Bishop and Abbot of Fobhar
mic Eogellaig, Uarchroi, mac Baih, Snedgus, mac Meath.
Ainfitre, and Cernach mac Faelain Foirfe, were * Ui-Tegh. — A sept seated in Imail, in the
slaine." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. now county of Wicklow.
" Ath-diath : i. e. Dublin. " A. D. 769. The ' Niall Frosach This entry is in a modern
skirmish of Dublin" [copcpao Qra cliar] "by hand in the Stowe copy. Niall Frosach com-
Cianachte upon the Teigs" [p°P hUiB Ceijj. menced his reign in the year 763, and after a
" Great slaughter of Lenster. Great many of reign of seven years, he became a monk in the
the Cianachtes were drowned in the sea-tyde at monastery of lona in Scotland in 770, and died
theire returne." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., there in 778 — See Annals of Ulster, A. D. 778 ;
torn. 49. O'Flaherty's Ogygia, p. 433.
w Cianachta- Breagh. — A sept of the race of • Inis-cain-Deagha. — Now Inishkeen, a church,
Cian, son of Olioll Olum, King of Munster, near which are the remains of a round tower,
seated at and around Duleek, in the county of giving name to a parish lying partly in the county
3 B
370 aNNdta Rio^hachca emectNN. [767.
laic, injen Cacail, banab Cluana Cucbmo, Deg. T?o pap eapaonea ecip Ceallac, mac OfinchaDa, pf Laijfn, -| an pi OonnchaD, mac OomnaiU. Oo ponaD Dnolepcinol Ua Neill la OonnchaD 50 Laijnib. T?o piaccaDap Laijin piap an pij co na pocpaioe 50 pangaoap Sciac nGaccain. GipipiD Oonnchab co na ploj i nQillinn. T?o gabpao ona a muinncip pop 666, i lopccab, lonn- pa6, i apgam an coigib co cfnn peaccmame, co po piapaibpfc Laigin e po 6eoi6. Coipppe, mac pogapcaig, cigfpna 6pfg, 065. becc, mac Connla, cigfpna Ueacba, Decc. Ctonjup, mac pfpabaig, cijfpna Ceneoil Laojaipe, 065 DO bfog. Cacal, mac Conaill TTlinn, cijfpna Coipppe TTloipe, Decc. Dun- jolac, mac Uaicbg, coipeac Lui^ne 065. Qpcjal, mac Conaill, cijfpna Coipppe Ufcba, 065.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceD peapcca a peace. Ctn Dapa bliabain Do DonnchaD. QeplaiD Cluana lopaipo 065. 8. Suibne, abb lae Coluim Cille, 065. TTlaelaicli^en, abb Cluana he&mj, Sealbac, mac Conalca, ab Copcaige, 66muc, mac 6pc, abb Lech [DCCC]. Qonach na lamcomapca, uaip cuoca- cap aip&fna aijcibe a&uacmapa an can pin, po ba pamalca ppi haippbib laoj bpaca .1. coipneac ~\ ceinnceac anppoil, gup bo Dipulaing DO cac pop cloipcfcc no paipcpi apoile. 5aba1^ Ona aDuac"] oman piopa Gpeann gup po pupail- peac a ppuici poppa Da cpfoan Do Denarii imaille pe hepnaijce nDiocpa •) aon ppoinn fcoppa pi&e Dia pnaDaD -] paopaD ap cf6maim im pel TTlicil Do ponnpab, conaD DC pin boi an larhcomaipc Dia pepbpab an cene DO
of Monaghan, and partly in the county of Louth. chad cum exercitu Nepotum Neill cu Laigniu, et
— See Shirley's Account of Forney, pp. 180, 181. effugerunt eum Laigin, et exierunt i Sciath-Nech-
* Cluainn-Cuithbhin — The festival of St. Fin- tain, et manserunt hUi Neill i Kaith Ailinne, et
tina, virgin, of Cluain-Guithbhinn, is set down accenderunt igne omnes temninos Laigin."
in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 1st November. c Aillinn. — Now Cnoc- Aillinne, a hill on which
The place is now called Cluain-Guithbhinn, are the remains of a very large fort, near old Kil-
anglice Clonguffin, and is situated in the parish cullen, in the county of Kildare. — See note c,
of Kathcore, barony of Lower Moyfenrath, and under A. M. 4169, p- 58, supra.
county of Meath. d A sudden fit. — " A. D. 770. Oengus, mac
b Sciath-Neachtain : i. e. Neachtain's Shield. Fogertaigh, ri Ceniuil Laegaire, subita morte
This was the ancient name of a place near Castle- periit." — Ann. Ult.
dermot, in the south of the county of Kildare. e Cairbre-mor The addition of mor to Cairbre
This attack upon Leinster is noticed in the An- here is probably a mistake by the Four Masters,
rials of Ulster, at the year 769, as follows: It is thus given in the Annals of Ulster. " A. D.
" A.D. 769. Congressio Donnchada micDomh- 770. Cathal, mac Conall Minn, ri Coirpri, mori-
naill et Cellaich mic nDonnchaid, et exiit Donn- tur."
767-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 371
[Fore], died. Cobhlaith, daughter of Cathal, Abbess of Cluain-Cuithbhinn", died. There arose a dissentiori between Ceallach, son of Donnchadh, King of Leinster, and the monarch Donnchadh, son of Domhnall. Donnchadh made a full muster of the Ui-Neill [and marched] into Leinster. The Leinstermen moved before the monarch and his forces until they arrived at Sciath-Neach- tainb. Donnchadh, with his forces, remained at Aillinn0; his people continued to fire, burn, plunder, and devastate the province for the space of a week, when the Leinstermen at length submitted to his will. Cairbre, son of Fogartach, lord of Breagh, died. Becc, son of Connla, lord of Teathbha, died. Aenghus, son of Fearadhach, lord of Cinel-Laeghaire, died of a sudden fitd. Cathal, son of Conall, lord of Cairbre-More, died. Dunghalach, son of Taithleach, chief of Luighne', died. Artghal, son of Conall, lord of Cairbre-Teathbha, died.
The Age of Christ, 767. The second year of Donnchadh. Aerlaidh of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard], died. St. Suibhne, Abbot of la-Coluim-Cille, died. Maelaithgen, Abbot of Cluain-Eidhneach8; Sealbhach, son of Cualta, Abbot of Corcach [Cork], [and] Edhniuch, son of Ere, Abbot of Liath", [died]. The fair of the clapping1 of hands, [so called] because terrific and horrible signs appeared at the time, which were like unto the signs of the day of judgment, namely, great thunder and lightning, so that it was insufferable to all to hear the one and see the other. Fear and horror seized the men of Ireland, so that their religious seniors ordered them to make two fasts, together with fervent prayer, and one meal between them, to protect and save them from a pestilence, precisely at Michaelmas. Hence came the Lamhchomart, which was called the
' Luighne. — Now the barony of Leyny, in the Liath-mor-Mochaemhog, near Thurles, in the
county of Sligo. county of Tipperary. — See his Acta Sanctorum,
8 Cluain-eidhneach. — Now Clonenagh, a town- p. 598.
land near Mountrath, in the Queen's County. ' Clapping of hands. — This fair is noticed in
In the Life of Fin tan, the patron saint of this the Annals of Ulster, under the year 771, as
place, published by Colgan in his Acta Sancto- follows :
rum, at 17th of February, p. 350, the name "A.D. 771- Oenach ina lamcomarthe in quo
Cluain-Eihdnach is translated " latibulum hcede- ignis et tonitruum in similitudinem dieijudicii. Ind
rosum." The foundations of various buildings lamcomairt hi Feil Michil dia nepred in tene dia
are traceable at Clonenagh, but no ruins of a mm." Dr. O'Conor and the old translator take
church of an antiquity greater than four cen- Lamcomairt to be the name of the -place where
turies are now visible. the fair was held, but this is clearly a mis-
h Of Liath. — Colgan takes this to be the take.
3B2
372 QNNQ6a Rio^hachca eiReawR [768.
mm. Qoo Qiljin, cijfpna Ua TTIaine, Do mapbaD. Opr, mac plaicnia, coipeac di&ne, DO mapbab. Ounjal, mac Ceallaij, cijfpna Oppaije, Deg. Cennpealac, cijeapna Ua pibgenre, oecc.
C(oip Cpiopc, peachc cceo p fpcca a hocc. In cpeap b'liabain Do Ohonn- cha& uap Gpmn i pije. TTlaenac, mac Colmain, abb Slame,-] Cille poibpich, 065. Oamel Ua poilene, pcpibneoip Lecabai 065. S. TTlapcan .1. eppcop Inpi eDnij, Deuj i Nouembep. 5a^bPari Ua ^Iri5air). rcr'^neoir Cluana mic Noip, Qeban, eppcop TTIaige eu, Cechfpnacb bUa Gprnono, abbCluana pfpca bpenainn, Lepcan, banabb Chile Dapa, CleD, mac Coipppe, abb Rfc- pamne, DonnchaD, pi Connacc, oeug.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peace cceo pfpcca anaoi. In cfchpamaD bliaDam Do Ohonn- cha& op Gpum. Qlbpan, mac poiomij, abb Upeoir moip, Decc ecip Di caipg. Ulcan hUa bepobepg, abb Ocna moipe, Deg. GpnaDac, mac Gchin, abb Lerjbnne, 065. popanDan, pcpibneoip, i eppcop Cpeoic, Deug. Soaipleac Ua Concuapdin, abb Lip moip, Deuj. Sfncan, abb Imleaca lubaip, Deug. lompaiceac ^hlinne Cloinje, ancoipe, Deuj. TTomalcac, mac TTlupsaile, cijfpna TTlaije hQf, Deug. baobcaD, mac Gaccjupa, roipeac Ceneoil TTlic 6apca, 065. Ceallac, mac OunchaDa, pi Laijfn Decc. Gojan, mac Colmain, Dej. CeDconjbail Uamlachra TTlailepuain.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachr cceD pfcrmojao. In cuigeab bliaDam Do Ohonn- chaD ipin pije. OonDjal, mac Nua&ao, abb CujrhaiD, Deuj. piancu, abb
k Cill-Foibrigh — Now probably Kilbrew, near of Inis-Eidhnigh is set down in O'Clery's Irish
Ashbourne, in the county of Meath. Calendar, at 1st November, but its situation is
1 Leathabha : i. e. called Letuba, in the Annals not pointed out. It is probably the ancient
of Ulster. There is no place of this name in the name of Inishnee, in the mouth of the Owen-
Feilire-Aenguis, or the Irish Calendar of O'Clery, more Eiver, in the west of the county of Gal-
or in Colgan's published works, nor has the way. The entries which the Four Masters have
Editor been able to find any monastery of the transcribed under the year 768, are given in the
name in Ireland. In the Feilire-Aenguis, at Annals of Ulster under 772 ; but the true year 26th March, mention is made of " Leatha, nomen ' is 773, as appears from a notice of the eclipse of
sylvae magnce i nDeisibh Mumhan." In O'Clery's the moon noticed in these latter Annals as having
Calendar, at 30th March, is set down the festi- taken place " ii Non. Decembris." — See Art de
val of St. Liber of Leathdumha, which is pro- Ver. Us Dates, torn. i. p. 66. The Annals of
bably the same as the Letubai of the Annals of Ulster contain the following notices of the wea-
Ulster, but its situation is not known. ther, &c.
m Inis-Eidhnigh — The festival of St. Martin "A. D. 772. Maenach, mac Colmain, Abbas
768.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 373
Fire from heaven. Aedh Ailghin, lord of Ill-Maine, was slain. Art, son of Flaitnia, chief of Aidhne, was slain. Dunghal, son of Ceallach, lord of Osraighe, died. Ceinnsalach, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died.
The Age of Christ, 768. The third year of Donnchadh in sovereignty over Ireland. Maenach, son of Colman, Abbot of Slaine and Cill-Foibrichk, died. Daniel Ua Foilene, scribe of Leathabha1, died. St. Martin, Bishop of Inis-Eidh- nighm, died on the 1st of November. Gallbran Ua Lingain, scribe of Cluain- mic-Nois ; Aedhan, Bishop of Magh-eo [Mayo] ; Cethernach Ua Ermono, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn [Clonfert] ; Lerthan, Abbess of Cilldara [Kildare] ; Aedh, son of Cairbre, Abbot of Keachrainn ; [and] Donnchadh, King of Con- naught, died.
The Age of Christ, 769. The fourth year of Donnchadh over Ireland. Albran, son of Foidmeach, Abbot of Treoit-mor [Trevet], died between the two Easters". Ultan, hUa Berodherg, Abbot of Ohain-mor [Fahan], died. Ernadhach, son of Echin, Abbot of Leithghlinn, died. Forannan, scribe and bishop of Treoit [Trevet], died. Soairleach Ua Concuarain, Abbot of Lis-mor, died. Seanchan, Abbot of Imleach-Iubhair [Ernly], died. Imraiteach of Gleann- Cloitighe0, anchorite, died. Tomaltach, son of Murghal, lord of Magh-Aei, died. Badhbhchadh,'son of Eachtghus, chief of Cinel-Mic-Earca, died. Ceallach, son of Dunchadh, King of Leinster, died. Eoghan, son of Colman", died. The first erection of Tamlacht-Mailruainq.
The Age of Christ, 770. The fifth year of Donnchadh in the sovereignty. Donnghal, son of Nuadhad, Abbot of Lughmhadh [Louth], died. Fianchu,
Slaine et Cille-Fobrich, afluxu sanguinis moritur. ° Gleann-Cloitighe : i. e. the Vale of the River
Insolita siccitas, et ardor solis, ut pene panis omnis Clody, probably the vale of the river near New-
deperiit. Dairmess mor inna deadhaig'' [great town-Barry, in the county of Wexford.
store of acorns after it Cod. Clarend., 49], r Eogkan, son of Colman "A. D. 773. Eu-
" &c. &c. Luna tenebrosa ii Non. Decembris." gan, mac Colmain, a fluxu sanguinis morilm; et
" Between the two Easters: i. e. between Easter multi alii ex isto dolore mortui sunt." — Ann. Ult.
Sunday and Minnchaisg, i. e. Little Easter or ' Tamhlacht-Mailruain — Now Tallaght, near
Dominica in Albis; in England called "Low the city of Dublin See note c, under A.M.
Sunday," and in the Greek Church, "New Sun- 2820, pp. 8, 9, supra. The festival of St. Mael-
day :" Kv^iaxit Siaxxitrnriftag ; I'M or x«»v» >cvpta.x.n. ruain Tamhlachta, whose first name was Colman,
" A. D. 773. Mors Albrain, mic Foidmid, is set down in iheFeilire-Aenguis and in O'Clery's
Abbotts Treoit, in feria inter duo Pasca." — Irish Calendar, at 7th July ; and it is added in
Ann. Ult. the latter work that he died in the year 787.
374 aNNdta Rio^hachca eiraeaNN. [771.
Lujrhaib, Deuj, -| Conall, abb TTlaije Lum^e. Ciapan Cpaib'Deac bealaij Duin 06115 14 lun. Suaipleac, abb Linne [oecc]. Gpomaca, Ceall Dapa, 55lft>o Da Laca, i Imp baoirm Do lopccaoh. OonnchaD, mac Oomnaill, pf Gpeann DO cionol ploij laip i TTTumain. Qn TTlhurha opdpuccab laip,-| pocaioe mop DO TTIhiiimnfcuib DO mapbaD Don cupup pin. Oo bfprpac lapam a pep DO. pfpgup, mac Colgan, Oecc. Cteljal, mac plaino, mic Conlai, roipeac Uearba, 065. lomaipeacc Qcham liacc enp Ui mbpiuin i Uib TTlaine, in po meabaiD pop Uib TTlaine. Ouibmnpfccac, ci^fpna Qpab, Deuj. Cucoin- jealca, cijfpna Copca Lai^oe, Deuj.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo pfcrmojaD a haon. In pfipeab bliabam Do OonnchaD lynn pije. Colam pmn, Qncoipe, Deu^. TTlaccoiccfD, abb Cluana moip TTlaeDocc, Decc. Unucjal, abb Saijpe, Deug. ^aoibeal Cluana lopaipo 065. popbapa, abb Rara Qo6a, Deg. Collbpan, abb Cluana mic Noip, oeuj. 6ojain, mac TComcinn, abb Cip moip, Deug. TTlaolmaenaij, abb Chinn gapaD, Deuj. TTlaolpuba Ua TTiaenaij Deu^. TTluipeaDac, mac Ctinbceal- laij, Deug. lomaipecc ecip Ohal Qpaibe pepin i Sleb TTlip, in po mapb'ab Nia, mac Concongalra. lomaipecc oile DO pibipi eoip Dal nCfpaiDe pia nGochaiD, mac piacna, -| pia cUomalcac mac lonnpeaccaij, in po mapbao CionaoD Ciaippge, mac Cacapaig, -\ Dungal Ua pfpgupa, 50 nDpuing ele cenmocaDporh. lomaipeacc Qca Duma ecip na hCtipcfpa, ~\ hUi Gachbac
' Magh-Luinge. — See note ', under A. D. 671, county of Wicklow. Here are the ruins of an
p. 283, supra. old church wherein the rectors of Dunganstown,
' Bealach-duin : i. e. the Eoad or Pass of the up to the present one, were inducted. The fes-
Fort. This was the ancient name of Disert- tival of St. Baeithin, son of Fianach or Finnach,
Chiarain or Castlekieran, near Kells, in Meath. of this place, is set down in the Feilire-Aenguis
— See note under the year 868. In O'Clery's and O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 22nd of May.
Irish Calendar the festival of St. Ciaran of Bea- " Munster was devastated. — This devastation
lach-duin is set down at 14th June. of Munster is noticed in the Annals of Ulster,
* Linn — This is copied from the Annals of under the year 774, thus :
Ulster, in which this obit is entered, under the " A. D. 774. Gongressio inter Mumunenses et
year 774, but something has been omitted. The Nepotes Neill ; et fecit Doncha vastationem mag-
name intended is probably Linn-Duachaill, now nam in jinibus Mumunensium, et cecidenmt multi
Magheralin, in the county of Down. di Muimhneachaibh."
* Inis-Baeithin: i.e. St. Baeithin's Island, now * Achadh-liag : i.e. the Field of the Stones. Inishboheen, or Inishboyne, a townland in the Dr. O'Conor says in the Annals of Ulster (A. D. parish of Dunganstown, barony of Arklow, and 774), that this is Athleague in Connaught,
771.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 375
Abbot of Lughrnhadh, died ; and Conall, Abbot of Magh-Luinger, [died]. Cia- ran, the Pious, of Bealach-duin8, died on the 14th of June. Suairleach, Abbot of Linn1, [died]. Ard-Macha, Cill-dara, Gleann-da-locha, and Inis-Baeithinu, were burned. Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, King of Ireland, mustered an army and marched it into Munster. Munster was devastated1" by him, and great numbers of the Munstermen were slain on that expedition. They afterwards gave him his own demand. Fearghus, son of Colgan, died. Aelghal, son of Flann, son of Conla, chief of Teathbha, died. The battle of Achadh-liagx [was fought] between the Ui-Briuin and Ui-Maine, wherein the Ui-Maine were defeated. Duibhinnreachtach, lord of Aradhy, died. Cuchoingealta, lord of Corca-Laigh- dhez, died. ,
The Age of Christ, 771. The sixth year of Donnchadh in the sovereignty. Colum Finn, anchorite, died. Maccoigeadh, Abbot of Cluain-mor-Maedhog, died. Tnuthghal, Abbot of Saigher [Serkieran], died. Gaeidheal of Cluain- Iraird [Clonard], died. Forbasa, Abbot of Rath-Aedhaa, died. Collbran, Ab- bot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Eoghan, son of Roinchenn, Abbot of Lis-mor, died. Maelmaenaigh, Abbot of Ceann-garadh, died. Maelrubha Ua Maenaigh", died. Muireadhach, son of Ainbhcheallach, died. A battle was fought be- tween the Dal- Araidhe themselves at Sliabh-Misc, in which Nia, son of Cucon- galt, was slain. Another battle [was fought] between the Dal- Araidhe, by Eochaidh, son of Fiachna, and Tomaltach, son of Innreachtach, where Cinaedh Ciarrge, son of Cathasach, and Dunghal Ua Fearghusa, and others besides them, were slain. The battle of Ath-dumhad [was fought] between the Airtheara6 and
but that cannot be true, because Athleague is cese of Ross, forming the south-western portion
called in Irish, Aih-liag, i.e. Ford of the Stones, of the present county of Cork.
The Achadh-liag referred to in the text is pro- a Rath-Aedha: i. e. Aedh's or Hugh's Rath or
bably the place now called Achadh-leaga, si- Earthen Fort, now Rathhugh, in the barony of
tuated on the east side of the River Suck, in Moycashel, and county of Westmeath.
the barony of Athlone, and county of Roscom- b Ua-Maenaigh. — "A. D. 769. Moyle-Rovay
mon. — See Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, O'Mooney died." — Ann. Clon.
pp. 7, 15, 83. 'SliahhMis. — Now Slemish, a mountain in the
J Aradh — Now the barony of Ara or Duharra, barony of Lower Antrim, and county of Antrim, in the county of Tipperary. d Ath-dumha.—See note under the year 756.
' Corca-Laiglidhe — This was the tribe name e Airtheara. — Now the Oriors, two baronies
of the O'Driscolls and their correlatives, who forming the eastern portion of the now county
possessed a territory coextensive with the dio- of Armagh.
376 awNata Rio^hachca eiReaww. 772.]
Coba, in jio mapbab ^ojimjal, mac Conaill Cpdi, ci^eapna Coba. lomaip- eacc ecip Ohonnchab -] Conjalac, i ccopcaip pfpjal, mac Glabaig, cijfpna Ua mbpeapail beipi. Ceallac, mac Ounchaba, pf Laijen, oecc. Uuacal, mac Cpiomcainn, Oomnall mac pojapraij, coipeac na hdipoe, oeug. dob pinn, njeapna Dal Riaoa, Deug. pfpDacpioch, abb Qpoa TTlaca, mac pibe Suibne, mic Rondin, mic Cpunnmaoil, DO ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc ccfo peaccmojab aoo. Qn pfccmaD bliabam oo Ohonbcab op Gpinb. ban babbjna, easnaib, beug. lomaipeacc occ Obpaib cfmpac ecip Da Cummapcaij, 50 po mapb an Dapa peap apoile. lomaipeacc Gala cpomma ecip Da Ua Cfpnaij .1. Niall -] Cumapcac, i copcaip Gaccgup, mac baic,") pochaibi imaille ppip. plarpoi, mac Oomnailt, pi Connacc, Deg. Sloijeab Caijfn Do cabaipcldOonnchab pop blipfja. Cojab eoip Oonnchab •) Conjalac.
Qoip Cpiopc, peacr cceo pfccmojab acpf. Qn roccmaoh bliabam DO Ohonncab op 6pinb. Sneohchepc, mac Uuamcon, abb bfnnchuip, Deug. Conall, mac an cpaoip, egnaib,"] abb bfnncuip, 065. Qmbceallac, abb Con- oepe i Lainne hGala, Deu5- pionan, abb Cluana hGuip, Deug. Siumair, bannabb Chluana boipfno, 065. Gene, injfn Cianaoon, Deuce. Cluain mic Noip DO lopccab. Cfn cogab cebna ecip Oonnchab ~| Conjalac, i ropcaip Conjalac, macConaing, coipeac bpeaj, Guana mac Gccnij, ~\ Ouncab mac Qlene, cijfpna TTlujDopn, -\ Diapmuio, mac Clocnai, co pochaibib imaille ppiu. Po ppafneab an car pia nOonnchab. Qp Don each pin po paibeab :
f Ui-Eachdhach-Cobha : i.e. tiie people of lCala-truim. — Now Gal trim, in the county of
Iveagh, in the now county of Down. Meath — See note % under the year 1176. The
*Ard: i.e. Ard-Cianachta, now the barony most of the entries transcribed by the Four
of Ferrard, in the county of Louth. Masters, under the year 772, are given in the
h Feardachrich — He is set down as Arch- Annals of Ulster under 776, and the following
bishop of Armagh in the Catalogue in the notices of the weather, diseases, &c.', totally
Psalter of Cash el. He succeeded in 758. See omitted by the Four Masters :
Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 41. "A. D. 776. Ind uile gaimh issin samhradh
1 Badhbhghna. — Now Slieve-Baune, in the .i. fleochodh mor, ocus gaeth mor. Ind riuth
county of Roscommon. fola, galrai imdai olchena. Pene mortalitas, in
k Odhra-Teamhrach. — Now Odder, in the pa- boar mar [i. e. all Winter in the Summer, i. e.
rish'ofTara, barony of Skreen, and county of great wet and great wind. The bloody flux,
Meath. " A. D. 776. Jugulatio mic Cumascaigh and many other diseases ; pene mortalitas ; the
oc Odhraibh, alius vixit, alius mortuus eat." — great murrain]."
Ann. Ult. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise these diseases
772.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 377
the Ui-Eachdhach-Cobhaf, in which Gormghal, son of Conall Crai, lord of Cobha, was slain. A battle [was fought] between Donnchadh and Conghalach, in which Fearghal, son of Eladhach, lord of Ui-Breasail Beiri, was slain. Ceallach, son of Dunchadh, King of Leinster, died. Tuathal, son of Crimhthann, [died]. Domh- nall, son of Foghartach, chief of Ardg, died. Aedh Finn, lord of Dal-Riada, died. Feardachrichh, Abbot of Ard-Macha, the son of Suibhne, son of Ronan, son of Crunnmael, died.
The Age of Christ, 772. The seventh year of Dunchadh over Ireland. Ban of Badhbhghna', a wise man, died. A battle [was fought] at Odhra- Teamhrachk between the two Cummascachs, so that the one killed the other. The battle of Cala-truim1 [was fought] between the two Ua Cearnaighs, namely, Niall and Cumascach, wherein Eachtghus, son of Baeth, and numbers along with him, were slain. Flathroi, son of Domhnall, King of Connaught, died. The army of Leinster was brought by Connchadh over Breagh. A war be- tween Donnchadh and Congalach.
The Age of Christ, 773. The eighth year of Donnchadh over Ireland. Snedhchest, son of Tuamchu, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died. Conall, son of the artificer, a wise man and Abbot of Beannchair, died. Ainbhcheal- lach, Abbot of Connor and Lann-Eala [Lynally], died. Finan, Abbot of Cluain- Eois [Clones], died. Sithmaith, Abbess of Cluain-Boireannm, died. Eithne, daughter of Cianadon, died. Cluain-mic-Nois was burned. The same war11 [continued] between Donnchadh and Conghalach, during which fell Congalach, son of Conaing, chief of Breagh ; Guana, son of Eigneach ; Dunchadh, son of Alene, lord of Mughdhorna [Cremorne] ; and Diarmaid, son of Clothna, and many others along with them. The battle was gained by Donnchadh. Of this battle was said:
are noticed under the year 770, thus : Annals of Ulster under the year 777 : " Bdlum
" A. D. 770. There reigned in Ireland many Forcalaidh in Ui Forciunn." It is stated in the
diseases about this time. A great morren of Annals of Clonmacnoise, at the year 771, that
cowes came over the whole kingdom, called the a battle was fought between Donnogh and
Moylegarb." Conolagh at Gala :
m Cluain-Boireann — Now Cloonburren, near "A. D. 771. There was a battle in Gala,
the Shannon, in the barony of Moycarnan, and fought between Donnogh and Conolagh, in
county of Roscommon — See note w, under A. D. which Conolagh mac Comyn, prince of Moy-
577, p. 209, supra. brey, Cwana mac Eigny, Donnagh mac Elene,
" The same war This war is noticed in the with many other nobles, were slain."
3 c
378 aNNQta Rioghachca emeaNN. [774.
Oo car popcalaib popaepaD, oomnach Dubac oepac, 6a lomDa macaip baeiD bponac ip inD luan ap na b'dpac.
1 mbuile in Sccul acd an pannpa :
61016 co nimbiuo accan [accafn] an maDan hi popcalab, Ria nOonncab ITli&e mfrhaip cac imc apail Conjalac.
6ceppcel, mac Qe6a, mic Colgan, cijfpna Ua Cennp ealai^, 065. Niall,
mac Conaill 5paiTlc) coipec Oepcepr bpfjj, 06115. diacal, mac Cpumrainn, coipec Cualann, Deng. plannabpo, njfpna Urhaill, Oeujj.
Qoip Cpiopr, f fee cceo feacemojao a cfcaip. In norhao blia&ain Do DonnchaD. pulapcach, ep^cop Cluana hlopaipo, Ceuj. Leapjal, eccnaiO, mac Nemir, abb biopaip, Deug. TTloenan, mac Copbmaic, abb Cacpac puppa ipn Ppainc, Deug. popbapac, mac TTlailecola, abb Ropa Comdin, Deuce. SluaijeaD la Donnchab, mac Oorhnaill, ipin pocla, 50 ccuc jialla o Dhorh- nall, mac QoDa TlluinDeipj, njfpna in Cuaipceipc. lomaipeacc Cille Coice, i ccopcaippfpgal, mac Ounjaile, mic paolcon, njfpna popcuac Caijen, lap an pij Oonnchab. Cell Dapa Do lopccaD. Cluam mop ITlaeDog, •] Ceall DO lopgab. Qenjap, mac Qilem, cijfpna TTlujDopn, Decc. placpae,
0 Caladh, orForcaladh. — This is probably the the cattle : " Ind ruith folo; in bo-ar mar." district in the barony of Clonlonan, and county r Birar. — This sometimes appears as an old
of Westmeath, called the Caladh of Calraighe, form of the name Birra, now Birr, in the King's
included in the present parish of Ballyloughloe. County, which is to be distinguished from
p Buik-an-Scail : i. e. the Hero's Furor, or Achadh-Biroir, now Aghaviller, in the county
Rhapsody. This was evidently the name of a of Kilkenny. '
poem, or historical tale, like that called Bulk * Catliair-Fursa : i. e. the City of Fursa, i. e.
Shuibhne — See Battle of Magh-Rath, pp. 236, Peronne, in France, where St. Fursa, an Irish-
237, note i. man, erected a monastery in the latter end of
q Umhall. — A territory comprising the bare- the sixth century.- — See Bede, lib. iii. c. 19 ;
nies of Murrisk and Burrishoole, in the now and Colgan's edition of the Life of Furseeus in
county of Mayo. — See Genealogies, Tribes, fyc., of his Ada Sanctorum, xvi. Jan. It is curious to
Hy-Fiachrach, p. 499 ; and the map prefixed to see that this monastery was supplied with
that work. The Four Masters should have abbots from Ireland.
transcribed those entries under the year 778. * The North. — " A. D. Y72" [recte, 779].
The Annals of Ulster, which are antedated by " King Donnogh brought an army to the North,
one year at this period, give the most of them and tooke hostages of Donell mac Hugh, King
under 777, together with a notice of the preva- of the North." — Ann. Clon. lence of a bloody flux, and a murrain among u Citt-Coice: i.e. the Church of St. Coc, now
774.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 379
Of the battle of Forcaladh0 came slaughter on a melancholy and tearful Sunday ; Many a mother was distracted and sorrowful on the Monday following.
The following quatrain is in Buile-an-Scailp:
There will be increase of lamentation in the morning at Forcaladh ; By Donnchadh of Meath the battle shall be won in which Congalach shall perish.
Edersgel, son of Aedh, son of Colgan, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died. Niall, son of Conall Grant, chief of South Breagh, died. Tuathal, son of Crumhthann, chief of Cualann, died. Flannabhra, chief of Umhall", died.
The Age of Christ, 774. The ninth year of Donnchadh. Fulartach, Bi- shop of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard], died. Learghal, a wise man, son of Neimhith, Abbot of Birarr, died. Moenan, son of Cormac, Abbot of Cathair-Fursa5, in France, died. Forbhasach, son of Maeltola, Abbot of Ros-Comain [Roscommon], died. A hosting was made by Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, into the North', so that he brought hostages from Domhnall, son of Aedh Muindearg, lord of the North. The battle of Cill-Coiceu, in which Fearghal, son of Dunghal, son of Faelchu, lord of Fortuatha-Laigheanw, was slain by the king Donnchadh. Cill-dara was burned. Cluain-mor-Maedhog* and Cill-Delge [Kildalkey] were burned. Aenghus, son of Aileni, lord of Mughdhorna [Cremorne], died.
Kilcock, in the barony of Clane, and county of Annals as Cluain-mor-Maedhog. Most of the
Kildare, where the festival of the Virgin Coc entries transcribed by the Four Masters under
was celebrated on the 6th of June — SeeColgan's the year 774 are given in the Annals of Ulster
Ada Sanctorum, p. 465, n. 29 ; and ArchdalPs under 778, together with the following, totally
Monast. Hib., p. 321. omitted by the Four Masters :
w Fortuatha-Laighean — Vhe Glen of Imail " A. D. 778. Bourn mortalitas, et mortalitas
and Glendalough were included in this terri- hominum de penuria. In Bholgach for Eirinn
tory — See note under the year 707. huile." [The pox through all Ireland. — Cod.
1 Cluain-mor-Maedhog. — There are two places Clar., 49.] "Ventus maximm in fine Autumni." of this name, now anglice Clonmore, inLeinster; These notices are entered in the Annals of
one near the Eiver Slaney, in the barony of Clonmacnoise under the year 772, thus : Bantry, and county of Wexford, and the other " A. D. 772" [779]. " The morren of the
in the barony of Rathvilly, and county of Cowes in Ireland still continued, and, which
Carlow. There is at the latter a holy well was worse, great scarcity and penury of victualls
called Tober-Mogue, and the Editor is of opi- among the men continued. The Poxe" [the
nion that it is the place referred to in these small pox] " came over all the kingdome."
3 c 2
380 awwata Rio^hachca eirceciNN. [775.
jii Connacc, 06115. TTluipfbac, mac Qonjupa, coipeac CtjiDa Ciannacca, DO maptiab.
Goip Cpiopc, peace cceD pfccmoba a cuicc. Qn Dfcrhab bliabain Do Ohonnchab. Scanoal abb, corhapba Camoijj, 065. TTlaicniab, mac Ceallaij, abb Dhumlfcjlaip, Decc. Guguprin bfnocuip Deuj. Seopac, mac Sobaip- cain, Deg. Gbapcu eagnaib 065. popbplaic, injfn Chonnlai, banabbCliluana bponaij, 065. lomaipfcc hUilne 5uaire) ' copcaip plann, mac Ceallaij, -\ Scannldn, mac piannaccaij.
Goip Cpiopc, pfcn cceo ^eacrmoDa a ye. Ctn raomfiaD bliabam 065 Do Ohonnchab. Qilgmab, epycop QpDa bpfccam, Sfncan, abb Imleaca lubaip, Opach, abb Lipmoip, •) abb Inp Ooirhle, Saepjal hUa Ounjnae, abb Cluana pCpra TTJolua, Duibmopecc, mac pfpgupa, abb pTpna, TTlaenac Ua TTIaonaij, abb Lamne Leipe, peacrnac, abb Pobaip, ~\ Saepjal Ua Cachail ejnaib, tiecc. Qelbpan hUa Laguoon, abb Cluana Oolcam, Nuaoha Ua bolcam, abb Comma Oaolann, plaicmab, mac Consaile, abb Cluana peapca bpen- ainn, po eccpac pin uile an bliabam pi. Colcca, mac Ceallaij, cijfpna Ua cCpemcainn. Ounjal, mac plairmab, njfpna UmaiU, Deug. Conoalac, mac Qilella, DO mapb'ab i nQpo TTIaca. Cach Righe pia pfpaiB bpea j pop
y Successor of Cainneach : i. e. Abbot of Aglia- multi, quibus dux erat Dublitter. Lex tercia Com-
boe, in the now Queen's County. Mageoghegan main et Aidain incipit."
renders it, " Scannall, Abbot of Kilkenny, The flight of Ruadhrach and the Synod at
died," in his translation of the Annals of Clon- Tara is noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise
macnoise at the year 773 ; but this is a mere under the year 773, but the true year is 780. conjecture. » Uilleann-Guaire : i.e. Guaire's angle, or
1 Cluain-Bronaigh — Now Clonbroney, near elbow. Not identified. This battle is not no-
Granard, in the county of Longford. This pas- ticed in the Annals of Ulster or Clonmacnoise.
sage is given in the Annals of Ulster at the b Inis-Doimhle Iti O'Clery's Irish Calendar,
year 779, together with the following passages at 4th July, Inis-Doimhle is described as in
omitted by the Four Masters : Ui-Ceinnsealaigh — See also Colgan's.4da Sanc-
"A. D. 779- Combustio Alocluade iuKal.Jan. lorum, p. 597, n. 14. It would appear to be the
Fuga Ruadhrai o Ochtar Ochae; et Coirpri, mac place now called Inch, situated in the barony of
Laidgnein, cum duobus generibus Lagin. Donchad Shelmaliere, and county of Wexford. persecutus est eos cum suis sociis, vastavitque, et ° Lann-Leire — See note under the year 740.
combussit fines eorum et ecclesias. Nix magna in " A. D. 778. Moynagh O'Mooney, Abbot of
April. Fergus Maighi dumai moritur. Congressio Loynlere, died." — Ann. Clon. Sinodorum Nepotum Neill et Laginensium in A Cluain-Dolcain : i. e. Dolcan's Lawn or
oppido Temro, ubi fuerunt scribe, et Anchorite Meadow, now Clondalkin, in the barony of
775.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 381
Flathrae, King of Connaught, died. Muireadhach, son of Aenghus, chief of Ard-Cianachta [Ferrard], was slain.
The Age of Christ, 775. The tenth year of Donnchadh. Scannal, abbot, successor of Cainneachy, died. Maicniadh, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Dunleath- ghlaisi [Down patrick], died. Augustin, of Beannchair[Bangor], died. Sedrach, son of Sobharthan, died. Adharchu, a wise man, died. Forbflaith, daughter of Connla, Abbess of Cluain-Bronaigh", died. The battle of Uilleann-Guaire", wherein fell Flann, son of Ceallach, and Scannlan, son of Fianachtach.
The Age of Christ, 776 [rectd 781]. The eleventh year of Donnchadh. Ailgniadh, Bishop of Ard-Breacain [ Ardbraccan] ; Seanchan, Abbot of Imleach, lubhair [Emly]; Orach, Abbot of Lis-mor, and the Abbot of Inis-Doimhleb; Saerghal Ua Dungnae, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Molua [Clonfertmalloe] ; Duibh- innreacht, Abbot of Fearna [Ferns] ; Maenach Ua Maenaigh, Abbot of Lann- Leire0; Feachtnach, Abbot of Fobhar [Fore] ; and Saerghal Ua Cathail, a wise man, died. Aelbran Ua Lagudon, Abbot of Cluain-Dolcaind; Nuada Ua Bolcain, Abbot of Tuaim Daolann6; Flaithniadh, son of Congal, Abbot of Cluain-fearta- Brenainn [Clonfert] : all these died this year. Conga, son of Ceallach, lord of Ui-Cremhthainn ; Dunghal, son of Flaithniadh, lord of Umhall ; died. Conda- lachf, son of Ailell, was slain at Ard-Macha. The battle of High* [was gained]
Newcastle, and county of Dublin, where there s Sigh. — Now the River Rye, which divides
is an ancient Round Tower in good preserva- the counties of Meath and Kildare for several
tion. St. Cronan, otherwise called Mochua, was miles, and unites with the Liffey at Leixlip. venerated here on the 6th of August — See " A. D. 780. Helium Rige re feraib Breg for
Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 577; and Arch- Laigniu die Samnae, in quo cecidit Cucongalt ri
dall's Monasticon, p. 131. Ratho-Inbhir, Diarmait, mac Conaing, et Cona-
' Tuaim-Daolann — This is another form of ing, mac Dungaile, da ua Conaing, et Maelduin
Tuaim-da-ghualann, which was the ancient mac Fergusa, et Fogartach, mac Cumasgaid.
name of Tuam, in the county of Galway. Duo nepotes Cernaig victores erant, belli Rigi." —
" A. D. 780. Nuad O-Bolgain, Abbas Tuama Ann. Ult.
Daolan (Dagualan), defunctus est." — Ann, Ult. "A. D. 778. There was a battle given at the
Cod. Clarend., 49. River Rie, by the inhabitants of Moybrey, to
' Condalach " A. D. 780. Magna commixtio Lynstermen, where the Lynstermen had the vie- in Ardmacha in quinquagesima, in qua cecidit tory" \recte, were overthrown]. " This was the Condalach mac Ailello." — Ann, Ult. first of November, in the year of the margent
" A. D. 778. There was a great fraye in quoted ; which overthrow was prophesied long
Ardmagh on Shrovetide, where Conolagh mac before by the words Ar fiet rigi iugi." — Ann.
Conoylye died." — Ann. Clon. Clon.
382 awNaca Rio^hachca eiraectNN. [777.
Laijnib, la Sariina DO ponnpa6, in jio mapbaD Cuconjalc, cijfpna T?ara inb'ip, -] pfpjjal, mac Qilella, njeapna Cemuil Uchae. GpiaD baDap roipi£ opfpaib bpfj 05 ppaineaD in cana hipin, DiapmuiD, mac Conaing, Conaing, mac Dunjaile, TTlaoloum, mac pfpgupa, -| pojapcac, mac Cumapcaijij. dp DO pin po paiDeao :
Looap Laijpn ap Samain, DO cij Daijpip nac cappac, Nip pajaib luja Dije, pop bpu Righe po anpac.
pfpjup, mac Gacoac, njeapna Dal Riaoa, Decc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peace cceo pfccmo&a a pfcr. Qn Dapa bliabam Decc Do Oonnchao. Copbmac, mac bpfpail, abb Qipo bpeacain -| ceallnaile Decc. Scanoal Ua ^0165, abb QchaiD bo, Decc, lap mbeir cpf blia&na ap Da picic i naboaine. hi peil Corhjaill arbac pom. banban, ab Claonra, 065. CfoDan, abb Ropa Comain, Decc. Daniel Ua Qirmic, abb Daipmpi [oecc]; Ciapan Uijhe TTlunDa Decc. pfpoomnach Uuama Dagualann Deg. TTluipfDhac, mac Uapjaile, ppioip laColuim Cille, Decc. Ulran pfpnghip beanDchuip, becan Lipeacaip, Caileplaic, mjfn TTlupchaDa, banabb Cluana Cuipnn, Decc lomaipeacc Cuippij la caob Cille Dapa an ui. Sal. Seprembep, Dia TTlaipc ecip Ruaopaich, mac paolain, i bpan, mac TTUnpeaohaij, in po mapbaoh TTIucchpon, mac ploinn, njfpna Ua pailje, -) Duboacpfoch, mac Laibjnein hi ppfcap. l?ia Ruai&pi po meabaiD. Ctpcjal, mac Cacail, pi Connacc, Do ^abail bacla, i a Dol co hi Dia oilecpe an bliaDam ap ccinD.
Qoip Cpiopr, peace cceo peaccmoDa a hecc. Ctn cpeap bliaDam Decc
h Rath-inbhir: i. e. the Rath or earthen Fort name to a barony in the north of the county of
at the Inver or Mouth of the River, so called Kildare. In the gloss to the Feilire-Aenguis,
because it was situated at Inbher-Dea, or the preserved in the Leabhar-Breac, it is stated
mouth of the River Dea. Ussher thinks that that Claenadh is situated in Ui-Faelain, in Magh-
this was the ancient name of Oldcourt, near Laighen.
Bray, in the county of Wicklow. — See Dssher's m Dairinis See note under the year 742.
Primordia, p. 846; and Colgan's Trias Thaum., " Cluain-Cuifthin Now Clonguffin, near
p. 31, n. 29. ' Rathcore, in Meath — See note under 766.
1 Dal-Riada — This entry is given in the An- ° Cuirreach, by the side ofCill-dara. — Otherwise
nals of Clonmacnoise under 778 ; but the true called Cuirrech-Liffe, now the Curragh of Kil-
year is 781. "A. D. 778. Fergus mac Cahall, dare. — See note ", under the year 1234, p. 272.
King of Dalriada or Reade Shanckes, died." This battle is noticed in the Annals of Ulster,
k The festival of St. Comhgall : i. e. 1 Oth of May. thus :
1 Claenadh — Now Clane, a village giving "A. D. 781. Bellum Cuirrich, in confinio
777-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 383
by the men of Breagh over the Leinstermen, on the day of Allhallows precisely, wherein were slain Cucongalt, lord of Rath-inbhirh, and Fearghal, son of Ailell, lord of Cinel-Ucha. These were the chieftains of the men of Breagh who were routing in that battle : Diarmaid, sou of Conaing ; Conaing, son of Dunghal ; Maelduin, son of Fearghus ; and Fogartach, son of Cumascach. Of this was said :
The Leinstermen went on Samhain to the house of a good man, whom
they loved not ; They left not the least of drink ; on the brink of the High they remained.
Fearghus, son of Eochaidh, lord of Dal-Riada1, died.
The Age of Christ, 777 [rectt 782]. The twelfth year of Donnchadh. Cormac, son of Bresal, Abbot of Ard-Breacain [Ardbraccan], and other churches, died. Scannal Ua Taidhg, Abbot of Achadh-bo [Aghaboe], died, after having been forty-three years in the abbacy. He died on the festival of St. ComhgalP. Banbhan, Abbot of Claenadh1, died. Aedhan, Abbot of Ros- Comain [Roscommon], died. Daniel Ua Aithmit, Abbot of Dairinism [died]. Ciaran of Teach-Munna [Taghmon], died. Feardomhnach of Tuaim-da-ghua- lann [Tuam], died. Muireadhach, son of Uarghal, Prior of la-Coluim-Cille [lona], died. Ultan, (Economus of Beannchair [Bangor] ; Becan Lifeachair; [and] Tailefhlaith, daughter of Murchadh, Abbess of Cluain-Cuifthin" ; died. The battle of Cuirreach, by the side of Cill-dara° [was fought] on the sixth of the Calends of September, on Tuesday1*, between Ruadhriach, son of Faelan, and Bran, son of Mureadhach, wherein Mughron, son of Flann, Lord of Ui- Failghe, and Dubhdachrich, son of Laidhgnen, were slain in a combat. The •victory was gained by Ruaidhri. Artghal, son of Cathal, King of Conuaught, took the [pilgrim's] staff q, and -went to Hi on his pilgrimage.
The Age of Christ, 778 [recti 783]. The thirteenth year of Donnchadh.
Cille-daro, in vi. Kal. Septembris in. feria inter Tuesday.— These criteria indicate the year 782.
Ruadraich, mac Faelain, et Bran, mac Muire- « The staff. — "A. D. 781. Bachall Airtgaile,
daig, ubi ceciderunt Mughron, mac Flainn, rex mic Cathail, ri Connacht, et peregrinatio ejus in
Hua Foilgi, et Dubdacrich, mac Laidgnein, hi sequenti anno ad insolam lae." — Ann. Utt.
frecur. Ruaidhri victor fuit ; Bran captivus " The Crosstaff taken by Ardgall, King of
ductus est" — Ann. Uk. Connaght, and his pilgrimage the year after to
" On the 6th of the Calends of September, on Hand lae."— Corf. Vlarend., 49.
384 awNata Rioshachca eiReawN. [779.
DO Ohonnchab. peapjup, eppcop ooirhliacc, Oengup, mac Cpunnmaml, abb Ooimliacc, Suaipleach, angcoipe tip moip, TTlac plaicniab, abb Cluana pfpca, Recrlaicfn pobaip eccnaib, Qapon eajnaiD, paelgup, mac Cnuc- £aile, eaccnaiD Cluana hGpaipo, Ctilill Ua Uioppaicce, -| 6ecc, mac Cu- mapcaich, oecc. [Ciapdn o bhelaij Dum, Do pjpib beaca phaopaic, Decc.] QpDmacha i TDagh eo Do lopccab DO cene paijnein aibci Sacaipn Do ponnpab, ipm cfcparhab noin Ctugupr. ba coipneac, cemreac, gaocac, ain- ampfnac, an oiDce hipin, -\ ip ipibe aohaiD po Dforldicpijfb mainipoip Cluana bponaij. Oorhnall, mac plairniab coipeac Ua ppailje, Do mapbaD hi cCluain Conaipe. lomaipeacc Ouriia acbib eicip Dal ndpaiDe, hi rcopcaip pocapca hUa Conalra. popup cana pdrpaicc i cCpuacain la OuoDaleice, 1 la Uioppairm, mac UaiDcc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peace cceD pfccmo&a ariaoi. Qn cfrpamab bliaDain Decc DO OhonnchaD. plann, eppcop, eajnaiD, -\ abb Inpi Cainofgha, Reccma, abb Cluana mic Noip, DO Sfol Choipppi Cpuim, Ciapdn, abb Raca TTlaije Gonaij •] Uije TTlopionDa, Ceapnac, mac Suibne, ppioip QpDa TTlaca, -| Conall, mac Cpunnrhaoil, abb Lupcan, Decc. Rfojhbal ecnp Ohonnchab, mac Oorhnaill, -| piacna, mac Qoba Rom, 05 Inpi na pij i naipceap 6p%. Ctp DI po pdibeab.
' Bealach-duin — Now Castlekieran, near the lycreggagh, parish of Dunaghy, in the county
town of Kells, in the county of Meath. Dr. of Antrim. — See the Ordnance Map of that
O'Conor says that this passage is inserted in a county, sheet 27-
modern hand in the autograph copy at Stowe. " Dubdaleithe — He was Archbishop of Ar-
8 Thunder and lightning — " A. D. 782. Com- magh. Doctor O'Conor renders " Fonts cana
bustio Airdmachse, et Maighi heu Saxonum. Phattruig," by " Collectio tributi S. Patricii;"
Ignis horribilis tota node Sabbaii, et tonitruum in but he is clearly wrong. — See Petrie's ^7^1-
io. Non. Augusti, et ventus magnus, et validissimus, quities of Tara Hill, pp. 148, 149.
destruxit monasterium Cluana-Bronaig." — Ann. " Inis-caein-Deagha __ Now Iniskeen, in the
Utt. barony of Farney, and county of Monaghan. —
Most of the entries transcribed by the Four See note under the year 766.
Masters under 778 are given in the Annals of "A. D. 783. Flann, Episcopus, sapiens, Abbas
Ulster under 782, with a notice of an affray Innse Caindegho veneno mortificatus est." — Ann.
which took place at Ferns between the CEco- Utt.
nomus and the Abbot, intentionally left out by ' Rath-maighe-Eonaigh __ In O'Clery's Irish
the Four Masters. Calendar, at 1st November, is set down the
1 Dumha-achidh. — This is called " Bdlum festival of St. Ciaran, Abbot of Rathmoighe
Dunai-Achaidh" in the Annals of Ulster. It and Teach-Mofhinna ; and it is added that he
was the name of a fort in the townland of Bal- resigned his spirit in the year 783. In the same
779.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 385
Fearghus, Bishop of Daimhliag [Duleek] ; Oenghus, son of Crunnmhael, Abbot of Daimhliag ; Suairleach, anchorite of Lis-mor ; Mac Flaithniadh, Abbot of Cluain-fearta [Clonfert] ; Reach tlai ten of Fobhar [Fore], a wise man ; Aaron, a wise man; Faelghus, son of Tnuthghal, a wise man of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] ; Ailill Ua Tibraide ; and Becc, son of Cumasgach, died. [Ciaran of Bealach-duinr, who wrote the Life of Patrick, died.] Ard-Macha and Magh-eo were burned by lightning on Saturday night, precisely on the fourth of the Nones of August. That night was terrible with thunder, lightning8, and wind-storms ; and it was on this night the monastery of Cluain-Bronaigh [Clonbroney] was destroyed. Domhnall, son of Flaithniadh, chief of Ui- Failghe, was slain at Cluain-Conaire [Cloncurry]. The battle of Dumha- Achidh*, between the Dal-Araidh, wherein Focharta Ua Conalta was slain. The promulgation of Patrick's law at Cruachain by Dubdaleithe", and Tibraide, son of Tadhg.
The Age of Christ, 779 [recte 784]. The fourteenth year of Donnchadh. Flann, Bishop, wise man, and Abbot of Inis-Caindeaghaw; Reach tnia, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, of the race of Cairbre Crom ; Ciaran, Abbot of Rathmaighe- Eonaigh*, and Teach-Mofhinna [Taghmon] ; Cearnach, son of Suibhne, Prior5" of Ard-Macha ; Conall, son of Crunnmhael, Abbot of Lusca [Lusk], died. A royal meeting between Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, and Fiachna, son of Aedh Roin at Inis-na-righz, in the east of Breagh. Of it was said :
Calendar, at 1st September, is set down the sight of the clue afforded by O'Donnell, in his
festival of Brudhach, Bishop of Rath-moighe Life of St. Columbkille, lib. i. c. 32, where he
hAenaigh, who is noticed in the Tripartite Life states that the church of the Bishop Brugacius
of St. Patrick, as, " Episcopus Brugacius, qui is in Tir-Enna. It is probably the church of
est in Bath Mugeaonaich, a sancto Patricio Rath, in the district of Tir-Enna, near Manor-
ordinatus Episcopus." — Part ii. c. 136, Trias Cunningham, in the barony of Raphoe, and
Thaum., p. 147. The Four Masters, as quoted county of Donegal. — See note m, under A. D.
by Colgan in Ada Qanctontm, p. 347, note 6, 1566, p. 1606.
and as in the Stowe copy, record the death of y Prior — In the Annals of Ulster, A. D. 783,
St. Adamnan, Bishop of Rath-Maighe-hAenaigh, he is called " Cernach mac Suibne equonimus
at the year 725, which corresponds with the Ardmachae," i. e. house-steward of Ardrnagh. year 730 of the Annals of Ulster — See note y, " Inis-na-righ : i. e. the Island of the Kings,
under the year 725, p. 323, supra. Colgan is Not identified. This "kingly parlee" between
of opinion that the Rath-maighe Aenaigh men- the Monarch of Ireland and Fiachna is noticed
tioned in this passage is Airther-maighe, now in the Annals of Ulster at the year 783 — See
Armoy, in the county of Antrim, but he loses Cod. Clarend., 49.
3D
386 awwata Rioshachca eiReaww. [780.
Cip bpij, an oal oc Inpi na pij,
Donnchao ni oichec pop muip, piachna ni Dicec hi cfp.
lomaipecc CaipnConaill,i ndiDne, pia cCioppaicce, mac Caibj, pi Con- nacr,-) po ppaomeab pop Uib piacpac. TTlaolDuin, mac aongupa, cijfpna Ceniuil Laojaipe, Inopeccac, mac Ounchaba, Clebjal, n&fpna Umhaill, Coipenrhech Ua Ppeoene, cijfpna Ua nGacac Ulao, TDaetcaec, mac Cum- pcpair TTlinD, Cugarhna, mac Naoinofnaij, njfpna Cenel cCoipppi, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pfcc cceo occmooa. Qn cuijeab bliaDam Decc Do Dhonn- chab. TTlaeloccpaij, mac Conaill, abb Chille Cuilinn, 1 pcpibneoip Cille na manac. TTIoccijfpn eajnam, TTlac Ceallaij, abb Inpi Cealrpa, lopeb Ua paeldm, abb biopaip, Gochaib mac pocaprai, abb pocla&a, -] Inpi Clor- pann, i Gllbpij, banabb Cluana bponaij, oecc. Sfncan, eppcop -| ab Imbj lobaip, Decc jcn. Decembep. TCuaiDpi, mac paolain, pi Laijfn, Concub'ap mac Colgan, OunchaD Ua Oaimine, cijfpna Ua TTlaine, TTlaelDuin, mac pfpgupa, njfpna Loca 5°baip, plairnia, cijfpna Coipppi Cpuim [Decc]. lomaipfcc TTiuaiDe pia cUioppaicce, mac ^0165, P1' Connacc, -| po meab'aiD poime. RaoinfD oile pia cCioppaiDe pop TTlliuimnfchaib.
Qoip Cpiopr, pfcc cceD ochcmoDa a haon. Ctn pfipeaD bliaDam Decc Do OhonnchaD. Uioppaicce, mac pfpcaip, abb Cluana pfpca bpenainn, TTlael- connbaip, abb ^linne oa Loca, Sneopiajail, abb Cluana mic Noip, Do Cal- paijib Ctolmai je 66, paebapoair, abb Uulain, TTlaelDuin, mac QeDa bfnnain, cijfpna hlpluachpa, Scanolan, mac ploinn, coipeacUa piDgeince, Uioppaioe,
* Cam- Conaill. — A place in the barony of Tirconnell, whose festival is set down in the
Kiltartan, in the south-west of the county of same Calendar at 27th January. St. Natalis of
Galway. — See note ", under A. D. 645, p. 260, Cill-na-manach is the abbot referred to by Cam-
supra. brensis, Topographia Hibernice, Dist. ii. c. 1 9, as
b Cill-na-manach : i. e. Church of the Monks, having left a curse on the men of Ossory, which
now Kilnamanagh, in the barony of Crannagh, caused two of that people, a man and a woman,
and county of Kilkenny, where St. Natalis to be transformed into wolves and expelled their
erected a monastery about the middle of the territory every seventh year, sixth century. — See Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, c Fochladh — This was the name of a woody
pp. 169-174. The festival of St. Natalis of Gill- district near Killala, in the barony of Tirawley,
na-manach is set down in O'Clery's Irish Ca- and county of Mayo, wherein were two churches,
lendar at 3 1st July, which seems correct, though namely, Domhnach-mor and Cros-Phadruig
Colgan thinks that he is the same as St. Naile See Genealogies, Tribes, fyc., of Hy-Fiachrach,
of Kilnawley, in Breifny, and of Inver-Naile, in p. 463.
780.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 38?
Of what effect was the conference at Inis-na-righ ? Donnchadh would not come upon the sea, Fiachna would not come upon the land.
The battle of Carn-Conailla, in Aidhne, by Tibraide, son of Tadhg, King of Connaught, and the Ui-Fiachrach were defeated. Maelduin, son of Aen- ghus, lord of Cinel-Laeghaire ; Innreachtach, son of Dunchadh ; Aedhghal, lord of Umhall ; Coisenmhech Ua Predene, lord of Ui-Eathach-Uladh [Iveagh] ; Maelcaech, son of Cumscrath Meann ; [and] Cugamhna, son of Naeinnea- naigh, lord of Cinel-Cairbre, died.
The Age of Christ, 780 \rect$ 785]. The fifteenth year of Donnchadh. Maeloctraigh, son of Conall, Abbot of Cill-Cuilinn [Kilcullen], and Scribe of Cill-na-manachb; Mochtighearn, a wise man ; Mac Ceallaigh ; Joseph Ua Fae- lainn, Abbot of Biror [Birr] ; Eochaidh, son of Fogarta, Abbot of Fochladh", and Inis-Clothrannd; and Ellbrigh, Abbess of Cluain-Bronaigh [Clonbroney], died. Seanchan, Bishop and Abbot of Imleach-Ibhair [Emly], died on the 12th of December. Ruaidhri, son of Faelan, King of Leinstere; Conchubhar, son of Colgan ; Dunchadh Ua Daimhine, lord of Ui-Maine ; Maelduin, son of Fearghus, lord of Loch Gobhair'; Flaithnia, lord of [the race of] Cairbre Crorn [died]. The battle of Muaidh* by Tibraide, son of Tadhg, King of Connaught, and he routed [the enemy] before him. Another victory was gained by Tibraide over the Munstermen.
The Age of Christ, 781 [recte 786]. The sixteenth year of Donnchadh. Tibraide, son of Fearchair, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn [Clonfert] ; Mael- combair, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha ; Snedriaghail, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, [one] of the Calraighe of Aelmhaghh; Faebhardaith, Abbot of Tulean [Dulane]; Maelduin, son of Aedh Beannan, lord of Irluachair1; Scanlann, son of Flann,
d Inis-Clothrann. — An Island in Lough Kee, several miles divides the counties of Mayo and
in the Shannon. — See note under the year 719. Sligo. — See note % under A. D. 1249, p- 333.
' King of Leinster, — "A. D. 784. Ruaidhri, h Calraighe of Aelmhagh — See note % under
mac Faelain, rex cunctorum Laginensium, et Con- A. M. 3790, p. 50, supra. This sept of the Cal-
cobar mac Colgenn, perierunt." — Ann. Uh. raighe was probably that otherwise called Cal-
'Loch Gobhair — NowLoughgower,orLogore, raighe-an-Chala, and seated in the barony of
near Dunshaughlin, in the county of Meath — Clonlonan, and county of Westmeath.
See note under the year 675, p. 284, supra. ' Irluachair See note % under A. D. 727,
* Muaidh — Now the River Moy, which for p. 325, supra.
388
[782.
mac CaiDj, pi Connachc [Decc]. Cadi [Ctcha] Liacc Pino eicip OonnchaD, mac TTlupchaDa, -\ piol CXooa Slaine, in po mapbaD piacpa, mac Cacail, coipeac Peap cCul, -\ pogapcac, mac Comapccaij, coipeac Loca ^a^aP)1 Da Ua Conaing, .1. Conainj •] OiapmuiD Doibil. Ceallac mac TTlaenaij, Ceallac, mac Copbmaic, coipeac Gpoa Ciannacca, oecc. popbapac, mac Seachnupaicch, coipec Ceneoil mbojame [oecc]. lomaipeacc ecip Ui Gacac -] Conaille, in po mapbaO Cacpae, coipeac TTlujDopn,-) Rimib, mac Ceapnaij. paelan, mac popbapaig, Do Oppaijib, Do mapbaD leo buooeipin. RaoineaD pia TTlaolDum, mac Ctoba Qllain, pop Dhomnall, mac QoDa TTiuinDeipcc.
Qoip Cpiopr, peace cceD ocrmoba a Do. Qn peaccmab bliabain Decc Do Ohonnchao. Lomcuile, eppucc Chille Dapa,~| DubDaboipeann, abb Cluana liGpaipo, 065. SneDbpan, eppcop Cille Dapa, Colja, mac Cpunnrhaoil, abb Lupccan, Robaprach, mac Ulaenaig, pepcijip Slaine, -\ abb Cille poibpig, TTluipfDach, mac Cacail, abb Cille Dapa, Rechcabpa, mac Duibcommaip, abb Gacopomma, Ceapjup Ua piDcdin, fccnaib Cille TTlaijnfnn, CtlaDhcu anchoipe Racha Oenbo, -j Cuan Imleaca lubaip, Decc uile. Conall, mac piDjaile, cijfpna Ua TTlaine, Decc. lomaipfcc (.1. Carh Ipcopa) ecip Chenel Conaill, i Gojain pia TTlaolDum, mac Qo6a Qllain, in po meabaiD pop
" The battle of \_Ath~] Liacc-Finn Dr. O'Conor
states that the word Ath is interpolated between the lines, he knows not on what authority. The passage is given as follows in the Annals of Ul- ster:
, " A. D. 785. Bellum Liac-fin inter Donnchad et Genus Aedo Slaine, in quo ceciderunt Fiachrai, mac Cathail, et Foghartach, mac Cumuscaig, rex Locha Gabor, et duo nepotes Conaing, i. e. Conaing et Diarmait."
Ath-liag Finn is the ancient name of Bally- league, the western or Connaught portion of Lanesborough, on the Shannon, in the county of Roscommon. But the interpolated Ath seems incorrect. Liagfinn is more probably the place now called Leafin, situated in the parish of Nobber, barony of Morgallion, and county of Meath. — Ordnance Map, sheet 5.
1 Feara-Cul.—See note i", under the year 693,
p. 297, supra.
m Cinel-Boghaine. — A sept of theCinel-Conaill, who were seated in and gave name to the pre- sent barony of Banagh, in the west of the county of Donegal.
n Conaille: i. e. The Conaille-Muirtheimhne, the ancient inhabitants of the level portion of the now county of Louth.
0 Faelan — " A. D. 785. Bellum inter Osraigi invicem, in quo cecidit Faelan mac Forbasaig." — Ann. Ult.
The obits and other entries given by the Four Masters under the year 781, are given in the Annals of Ulster under 785, together with the following, totally omitted by the Four Masters :
" A. D. 785. Ventus maximus in Januario. Inun- datio in Dairinis. Visio terribilis hi Cluain-mic- Nois. Penitentia magna per Mam Hiberniam. Pestis que dicitur Scamach."
782.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 389
chief of Ui-Fidhgeinte ; Tibraide, son of Tadhg, King of Connaught [died]. The battle of [Ath] Liacc-Finnk between Donnchadh, son of Murchadh, and the race of Aedh Slaine, wherein was slain Fiachra, son of Cathal, chief of Feara-Cul1; Fogartach, son of Comasgach, chief of Loch-Gabhair ; and the two Ua Conaings, namely, Conaing and Diarmaid Doibil. Ceallach, son of Maenach, [and] Ceallach, son of Cormac, chief of Ard-Cianachta [Ferrard], died. For- bhasach, son of Seachnasach, chief of Cinel-Boghaine"1, [died]. A battle [was fought] between the Ui-Eachach [people of Iveagh] and the Conaillen, in which Cathrae, chief of Mughdhorna [Cremorne], and Rimidh, son of Cearnach, were slain. Faelan0, son of Forbhasach, [one] of the Osraighe, was slain by [the Osraighe] themselves. A victory was gained by Maelduin, son of Aedh Allan, over Domhnall, son of Aedh Muindearg.
The Age of Christ, 782 [recte 787]. The seventeenth year of Donnchadh. Lomtuile, Bishop of Cill-dara [Kildare] , and Dubhdabhoireann, Abbot of Cluain- Iraird [Clonard], died. Snedhbran, Bishop of Cill-dara ; Colga, son of Crunn- mhael, Abbot of Lusca [Lusk] ; Robhartach, son of Maenach, (Economusp of Slaine, and Abbot of Cill-Foibrigh ; Muireadhach, son of Cathal, Abbot of Cill- dara ; Rechtabhra, son of Dubhchomar, Abbot of Eachdhruim [Aughrim] ; Learghus Ua Fidhchain, a wise man of Cill-Maighnennq; Aladhchu, anchorite of Rath-0enbor; and Cuan of Imleach-Iubhair, all died. Conall, son of Fidh- ghal, lord of Ui-Maine, died. A battle (i. e. the battle of Ircoir8) between the Cinel-Conaill and Cinel-Eoghain, in which Domhnall, son of Aedh Muindearg,
The disease called Scamhach is noticed in the Maighnenn, now Kilmainham, near the city of
Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 783, Dublin. St. Maighnenn (son of Aedh, son of
thus : Colgan, of the race of Colla Dachrich) erected
" There was a general disease in the kingdom a monastery here, towards the close of the sixth
this year called the skawaghe." century, and his festival was observed on the
But the Editor has not been able to ascertain 18th of December See Colgan's Ada SS.,
what kind of disease it was. pp. 584 and 713, and Obits and Martyrology of
i' CEconomus : the Spenser, or House Steward. Christ Church, Introduction, p. xlvi.
— "A. D. 784. Lergus O'Fichayn, the sadge of ' Bath-Oenbo : i. e. the Rath or Earthen Fort
Kilmaynum, Rovartagh mac Mooney, Spenser of one Cow. Not identified,
of Slane and Abbot of Fobrie, and Moriegh • Ircoir. — This is probably the place now
mac Cahall, Abbot of Killdare, died."— Ann. called Urker, situated between the villages of
Clon. Creggan and Crossmaglen, in the county of
"* CM- Maighnenn: i. e. the Church of St. Antrim.
390
aNNCt6a
emeaNH.
[783.
Ohorhnall, macCtoba TThnnoeipg. dp Ua m&piuin Umaill la hUib piacpach TTlmpipce, -| copcpaoap pochaibe ann ima coipeac, placjal, mac plamn- abpar.
Qoip Cpiopc, f fee ceeo occmoba acpf. Qn coccmab bliabam Oecc Do Ohonnchab. Colum, mac paeljupa, fppcop Lorpa, Ouboacuar, eppcop -| abb Raca Goba, ~\ TTlaccocc, abb Saijpe Decc. J5ucnPe> mac Oungalaij Decc. Uijfpna Ua mbpiuin Cualann epibe. TTIaoloum, mac Qoba Qllam, pi an pocla, Decc. Doipe Calgaicch Do lopgaDh. Cep Chiapain pop Chon- nachcaib.
Goip Cpiopc, pfcc cceo ochrmoba acftaip. Ctn naoi Decc Do Ohonnchab, TTlupjat, abb Cluana mic Noip, Do Chenel piacpac, mic nGachach TTloij- mfbom DO. peaohach, mac Copbmaic, abb Lujmaib, Slaine, -\ Ooirhliaj, 065. 5°rm5a^ mac Glabaig, cijepna Cnojba, Decc i cleipcecc. pfppujaill, eppcop Cluana Oolcam, Decc. Sluaijfbac, coipeac Conailli, Decc. Pepjil .1. an jeomerep, abb Qchaib bo, Decc pan n^fpniainne pan 30 bliabam Dia eappcopoiD. lomaipfcc ClaiDije ecip Cenel Gojain -| Conaill, -] po meab- aib pop Oomnall. Sapucchab 6acla lopa -\ mionn Paopaicc la Donnchab
' Was routed.—" A. D. 785. Bettum inter Ge- nus Conaill et Eogain, in quo victor fait Maelduin, mac Aeda Alddain, et Domhnall, mac Aedo Muinderg infugam versus est." — Ann. Ult.
" The Ui-Briuin Umhaill: i. e. descendants of Brian, son of the monarch Eochaidh Muigh- mheadhoin, who were seated in the territory of Umallia, now the Owles, in the county of Mayo. After the establishment of surnames the chief family of this sept took the surname of O'Maille. They descend from Conall Orison, son of Brian,
who was contemporary with St. Patrick See
O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 79.
w Ui-Fiachrach-Muirisce These were the in- habitants of the present barony of Tireragh, in the county of Sligo. For the position of the district in this barony called Muirisc, see Ge- nealogies, Tribes, $c., of Hy-Fiachrach, p. 257, note b, and the map to the same work.
" A. D. 786. Ar [cades] Nepotum Briuin
hUmaill per Nepotes Fiachrach Muirsce, ubi homines optirni circa Eegem Flathgalum, JUium. Flannabrait ceciderunt." — Ann. UK.
1 Ui-Briuin- Cualann. — Dr. 0' Conor says, in his edition of the Annals of Ulster, p. 113, that these were " the O'Byrnes of the county of Wicklow ;" but he is in error.
y The North — Fochla is used in the Irish An- nals to denote the North of Ireland, or province of Ulster — See Circuit of Muircheartack Mac Neill, p. 9, note b.
! Doire- Calgaigh. — Now Derry or London- derry— See note % under A. D. 535, p. 178. These entries are given in the Annals of Ulster under the year 787, but the year intended is 788, as appears by an eclipse of the moon re- corded in those Annals to have occurred on the 12th of the Calends of March. This eclipse really took place on the 26th of February, 788. — See Art. de Ver. les Dates, t. i. p. 67.
783.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 391
was routed'. The slaughter of the Ui-Briuin-Umhaillu, by the Ui-Fiachrach- Muiriscew; and many of them were slain, together with their chief, Flathghal, son of Flannabhrath.
The Age of Christ, 783 [recte 788]. The eighteenth year of Donnchadh. Colman, son of Faelghus, Bishop of Lothra [Lorha]; Dubhdathuath, Bishop and Abbot of Rath-Aedha [Rathhugh]; and Maccog, Abbot of Saighir [Serkieran], died. Guaire, son of Dungalach, died ; he was lord of Ui-Briuin-Cualann*. Maelduin, son of Aedh-Allan, King of the Northy, died. Doire-Calgaigb" was burned. The law of Ciaran" was promulgated among the Connaughtmen.
The Age of Christ, 784 [recte 789]. The nineteenth year of Donnchadh. Murghal, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, of the race of Fiachra, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin ; Feadhach, son of Cormac, Abbot of Lughmhadh [Louth], Slaine, and Daimhliag [Duleek], died. Gormghal, son of Eladhach, lord of Cnoghbhab, died in religion. Fearfughaill, Bishop of Cluain-Dolcain [Clondal- kin], died. Sluaigheadhach, chief of Conaille [Muirtheimhne], died. Ferghil, i. e. the Geometer0, Abbot of Achadh-bo, [and Bishop of Saltsburg], died in Germany, in the thirteenth year of his bishopric. The battle of Claideachd, between the Cinel-Eoghain and Cinel-Conaill, in which Domhnall was routed. The profanation of the Bachall-Isae and the relics of Patrick by Donnchadh, son
• The law of Ciaran. — " A. D. 785. The rules tic, but never excommunicated or divested of
of St. Keyran were preached in Connaught." — the priesthood. A suspicion of heterodoxy
Ann. Clon. was, however, associated with his memory till
b Cnoghbha — Now Knowth, in the parish of the year 1233, when he was canonized by Pope
Monksnewtown, near Slane, in the county of Gregory IX. — See Harris's edition of Ware's
Meath. Writers, p. 49, and Dr. O'Conor's edition of the
"A.D. 788. Gormgal, mac Eladaig, rex Cnod- Annals of Ulster, p. 172. bai in dericatu obiit." — Ann. Ult. d Claideach. — Now Clady, a small village on
c Ferghil the Geometer. — His death is entered the Tyrone side of the Eiver Finn, about four
in the Annals of Ulster under the year 788, miles to the south of Lifford. but the true year is 789- This is the celebrated " A. D. 788. Bettum Cloitigi inter Genus Eu-
Virgilius Solivagus, who, after having been for gain et Conaill, in quo Genus Conaill prostratum
some time Abbot of Aghaboe in Ossory, in Ire- est, et Domhnall evasit." — Ann. Ult. land, became Bishop of Saltsburg, in Germany, ' Bachall-Isa : i. e. Baculus Jesu. This was
about the year 759. He was one of the most the name of St. Patrick's Crozier, for an ac-
distinguished mathematicians of his time, and count of which see note *, under A. D. 1537,
the first who asserted that there were Antipodes, pp. 1446, 1447. for which it is said that he was declared a here- " A. D. 788. The dishonoring of the Crostaffe
392
[785.
mac Oorhnaill ace Raic Qipcip ap an aonac. Cluam 6paipo Do lopccab aibce Chaps DO ponnpab. lomaipfcc Opoma ^T1 eciP Connaccaib, -\ po meabaib pop posapcac, mac Cacail.
Goip Cpiopc, peace cceo ochcmoba a cuig. Qn picfcmab bliabam Do Ohonnchab. Noe, abb Cinngapab, Siaohal, abb Ouibhlinoe, oecc. Dunjal, mac Laejaipe, abb Oumlfcglaipi, •] TTlaelconcubaip, abb ^linne Da Loca, Decc. Cmaeb, mac Gnmcaba, cijfpna Ua Liardin, 065. piachna, mac Qeoha Rom, pi Ulab 065. lomaipfcc Qcha Roip pia nUib Clilella pop Lui^mu, in po mapbaoh Ouboacuac, mac plairgiupa, rjjfpna na cUpi Sloinnce. lomaipeacc Cluana TTliolain, i rcopcaip TTlaelDuin, mac Cu- mapccaij, la pfpjal.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo ochcmoDa ape. Ctn caenmab bliaDam picfc DO OhonnchaD. Caencompac, eppcop pionn^laipe Cainnij, Saepbfpcc abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Siopnae, abb bfnocaip, -\ TTluipea&ac, mac Qonjupa, abb Lupccan, Decc. Dinfpcac, mac TTlo^abaij, ancoipi, Decc. Ctpojal, mac Cacail, pi Connacc, Decc i nlae Colmm Cille, ma oilicpe. QmaljaiD, cijfpna Ua TTlaine, Decc. lomaipeacc Gipo Qbla in po mapbab Oiapmuio, mac bece, cijfpna Ueacba la pfpjup, mac Qiljille.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachc cceo ochrmoba a peace. Qn Dapa bliabain picfc DO Ohonnchao. 8. ITlaelpuain, eppcop Uamlacca niaoilpuam, Decc an 7 Id lul. CtebanhUaConcumba, eppcop,-] milib roccaibe DoCpipc,Decc. Uepocc,
called Bachall-Isa, and the reliques of Patricke, by Donogh Mac Daniell, at the faire of Eath- airhir." — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend., t. 49.
' Ralh-airthir : i. e. the Eastern Fort. This was the name of the most eastern fort in the dis- trict where the fair of Tailltin was held. The place is still so called in Irish, and anglicised Oristown. — See the third Life of St. Patrick published by Colgan in Trias Thaum., p. 25, c. 44, and Jocelin's Life of St. Patrick, c. 44, ibid., p. 77, and p. Ill, not. 62.
g Druim-Goit. — Not identified. The entries which the Four Masters have transcribed under the year 784, and which really belong to 789, are given in the Annals of Ulster under 788,
with the following curious passages totally omitted by the Four Masters :
" A. D. 788. Nix magnet tertio Kal. Maii. Contencio in Ardmacha in qua juyulatur vir in hostio oratorii. Combustio Cluana fearta Mon- gain la Oengus mac Mugroin, in qua cecidit Aed mac Tomaltaig, et Oratorium combustum. Bdr lum inter Pictos, vbi Conall mac Taidg victus est, et evasit, et Constantin victor fuit."
h Ceann-garadh. — See note p, under the year 659, p. 269, supra.
' Duibhlinn. — Now Dublin. See notes under the years 291 and 650.
k Madconchubhair. — He is called "Maelcom- bair" in the Annals of Ulster at the year 790.
785.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 393
of Domnall, at Rath-airthir*, at the fair. Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] was burned on Easter night precisely. The battle of Druim-Goisg between the Connaught- men, where Fogartach, son of Cathal, was routed.
The Age of Christ, 785 \rectd 790]. The twentieth year of Donnchadh. Noe, Abbot of Ceann-garadhh, [and] Siadhal, Abbot of Duibhlin1, died. Dun- ghal, son of Laeghaire, Abbot of Dunleathglas [Downpatrick], and Maelconchu- bhairk, Abbot of Gleann-da-Locha, died. Cinaedh, son of Anmchaidh, lord of Ui-Liathain, died. Fiachna, son of Aedh Roin, King of Ulidia, died. The battle of Ath-Rois1 [was gained] by the Ui-Ailellam over the Luighnin, in which Dubh- dathuath, son of Flaithghius, lord of the Three Tribes, was slain. The battle of Cluain-Milain0, in which Maelduin, son of Cumasgach, was slain by Fearghal.
The Age of Christ, 786 [recte 791]. The twenty-first year of Donnchadh. Caencomhrac, Bishop of Finnghlais-Cainnighp, [and] Saerbhearg, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Sirna, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], and Muireadhach, son of Aenghus, Abbot of Lusca [Lusk], died. Dineartach, son of Mogadhach, anchorite, died. Ardghal, son of Cathal, King of Connaught, died at la-Coluim- Cille [lona], on his pilgrimage. Amhalgaidh, lord of Ui-Maine, died. The battle of Ard-abhlaq, in which Diarmaid, son of Bee, lord of Teathbha, was slain by Fearghus, son of Ailghil.
The Age of Christ, 787 [rectd 792]. St. Maelruain, Bishop of Tamhlacht Maelruainr, died on the 7th of July. Aedhan Ua Concumba, a bishop, and select soldier of Christ, died. Terog, Abbot of Corcach [Cork] ; Aedhan of
1 Ath-Rois: i. e. Ford of the Wood. Not p Finnghlais-Cainnigh : i. e. St. Cainneach's
identified. Finnglais, or Bright Stream, now Finglas, near
m Ui-Ailetta : i. e. the Inhabitants of the Ter- Dublin See note under the year 758.
ritory of Tir-Ailella, now the barony of Tirer- q Ard-abhla : i. e. the Height or Hill of the
rill, in the county of Sligo. Apple Trees, nowLis-ard-abhla, anglice Lissar-
"Luighni: Le. the Inhabitants of the barony dowlin, a townland in the parish of Temple-
of Leyny, in the same county. michael, about three miles to the east of the
"A. D. 789. BeUum Atho-Rois re nOaib town of Longford, in the county of Longford
Ailello for Luigniu, in quo cecidit Dubdatuath, See note n, under the year 1377, p. 669.
mac Flaithgiusa, dux na Tri Slointe" [Captain of " A. D. 690. Bdlum Aird-ablae, ubi cecidit
the Three Surnames. Cod. Clar. 49] — Ann. Uti. Diarmait, mac Beice, rex Tethbae. Fergus mac
0 Cluain-Milain : i. e. Milan's Lawn or Meadow, Ailgaile victor fuit." — Ann. UU. now Clonmellon, a small town in the barony of ' Tamhlacht- Maelruain — Now Tallaght, near
Delvin, and county of Westmeath. Dublin.— See note under the year 769.
3E
394
[788-
abb Copcaije, CleDhan Raichne, Cponan Liae pfpnae,-] Soepmush Ganaij Duib 065. Uomalcach, mac lnnpeccai£, pi UlaD, DO mapb'ab la hGochaib, mac piachna. bpeapal, mac placpai, cijfpna Ddil Qpaibe, TTlaelbpfpail, mac Qeba, mic Cpicain, cijfpna Ua piacpac, piachan, cijfpna Conaille, Oonncoipce, ci&fpna Dail Riaca, -j Cacmuj, cijfpna Calpaije, Oecc. lomai- jieacc ppuice Cluana Qpj^aiD, i ccopcaip Cionaeb, mac Qpcjaile, la TTluip- jfp, mac Uomalcaij. lomaipeacc GipOD mic Rime, pia TTIuipjfp, mac Comalcaij, tieop pop Uibh nQilella, i ccopcaip Concubap n Qipeaccac Ua Carail, Cachmujh, mac plaicbepcai j, cijfpna Coipppe,-] Copbmac, mac Ouibodcpfoc, cijfpna bpeipne.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo occmoba a hochc. Qn cpeap bliabain picfc DO OhonnchaD. Cpunnmaol Opoma Inepcclamn, abb Cluana lopaipo. CionaeD, mac Cumapccaij, abb Deaprhaige, Ooimceac, Qipchmoeac Cpe- poic moip, Qupcaile, abb Ocna, plaicjeal, mac Caichlic, abb Opoma pacha, TTIaelrola, abb Larpaic bpium, Cucacpach Saigpe, Reccine Garapgabla, Cuan Qca eapccpach, Coipppe, mac LaiDjnen, njfpna Laijfn DCpgabaip, [oecc]. Le^r Commain la hGeloobaip .1. ab T?opa Commain, -j la TTluipjfp pop ceopa Connaccaib. Le^ Qilbe Imlij lobaip pop TTIumaiii.
Ctoip Cpiopc, peachc cceD occmoDa anaoi. Qn cfcparhaD bliabain picfc Do OhonnchaD. Comap, abb bfnocuip, Cacnia Ua 5uaiPe> abb Uhuamma
8 Lia Fearna : i. e. the Stone of Ferns. This may have been the name of a stone church at Ferns, in the county of Wexford ; or Lia may be a corruption of Hath, grey, and an epithet of Cronan.
' Eanach-duhh — See note under the year 762.
* Ui-Fiachrach : i. e. Ui-Fiachrach Arda- Sratha, seated along the River Derg, in Tyrone. — See note b, under A. D. 1 1 93.
w Sndh-Cluana-arggaid. — Not identified.
"A. D. 791. Bdlum Sraithe Cluana-argain, ubi cecidit Cinaed, mac Artgaile. Muirgis, mac Tomaltaig,- victor fuit, ei inicium regni ejus." — Ann. Ult.
1 Ard-mic-Rimidh : i. e. Height or Hill of the Son of Rimidh. Not identified.
7 Druim-Ineasglainn, — This name is still re-
tained, and is applied to a village near Castle- Bellingham, in the county of Louth, where there remains a considerable portion of a round tower. The place is now called in English Drumiskin, but always Druminisklin by the natives of the Fews and Cuailgne, who speak the Irish language very fluently. Colgan, Arch- dall, and Lanigan, are wrong in identifying Druim-ineasglainn with Drumshallon, in the same county. — See Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 141 ; and Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. iii. p. 52.
* AircMnneach : i. e. the hereditary Warden of the Church — See note °, under A. D. 601, p. 229; and note0, under A. D. 1179; and correct " the first mention made of this office in these Annals occurs at the year 788," into, "the
788.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 395
Kaithin [Rahin]; Cronan Lia Fearna8; and Saermugh of Eanach-dubh1, died. Tomaltach, son of Innreachtach, King of Ulidia, was slain by Eochaidh, son of Fiach'na. Breasal, son of Flathrai, lord of Dal-Araidhe ; Maelbreasail, son of Aedh, son of Crichan, lord of Ui-Fiachrachu; Fiachan, lord of Conaille ; Donn- coirche, lord of Dal-Riada ; and Cathmugh, lord of Calraighe, died. The battle of Sruth-Cluana-arggaidw, in which Cinaedh, son of Artghal, was slain by Muir- gheas,' son of Tomaltach. The battle of Ard-mic-Rime* [was fought] also by Muirgheas, son of Tomaltach, against the Ui-nAilella, wherein were slain Con- chubhar and Aireachtach Ua Cathail, [and] Cathmugh, son of Flaithbheartach, lord of Cairbre, and Cormac, son of Dubhdachrich, lord of Breifne.
The Age of Christ, 788 [recte 793]. The twenty-third year of Donnchadh. Crunnmhael of Druim-Inesglainny, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] ; Cinaedh, son of Cumasgach, Abbot of Dearmhach [Durrow]; Doimtheach, airchinneach" of Trefoit-mor [Trevet] ; Aurthaile, Abbot of Othain [Fahan] ; Flaithgheal, son of Taichleach, Abbot of Druim-rathaa; Maeltola, Abbot of Laithreach-Briuin [Laraghbrine] ; Cucathrach of Saighir [Serkieran] ; Rechtine of EadargabhaP; Cuan of Ath-eascrachc; Cairbre, son of Laidhgnen, lord of South Leinster, [died]. The lawd of [St.] Comman [was promulgated] by Aeldobhair, i. e. Abbot of Ros-Commain [Roscoinmon], and by Muirgheas, throughout the three divi- sions of Connaught. The law of Ailbhe of Imleach [Emly], in Munster.
The Age of Christ, 789 [recti 794]. The twenty-fourth year of Donnchadh. Thomas, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor] ; Cathnia Ua Guaire, Abbot of Tuaim-
first mention made of this office in these Annals c Ath-eascracfi. — Now Ahascragh, in the east
occurs at the year 601." In the Annals of Ul- of the county of Galway, where the festival of
ster, at A. D. 792, Doimthech is called " Prin- St. Cuan is still celebrated on the 15th of Octo-
ceps Treoit moir." ber — See note T, under A. D. 1307, p. 487.
* Druim-ratha : i. e. Church of the Fort. d The Law.—" A. D. 792. Lex Comain by
Colgan says that this is a church in Leyny, in Allovar and Muirges, in the three parts of Con-
the province of Connaught — See Ada Sancto- naght. Lex Aillve in Mounster, and the ordi-
rum, Ind. Top., p. 876. nation of Artroi mac Cahail upon the kingdome
b Eadargabhal : i. e. Between the Fork. There of Mounster." — Ann. UU., Cod. Clarend., 49.
are several places of this name in Ireland ; but " A. D. 790. The rules of St. Coman were
the place here referred to is probably Adder- preached and put in execution in the three
gool, a townland giving name to a parish in parts of Connaught, and the lawes of Ailve of
Glen-Nephin, in the south of the barony of Imleagh, in Mounster. Artry mac Cahail was
Tirawley, and county of Mayo. ordained King of Mounster." — Ann. Clon.
3 E2
396
aNNac.a
[790.
5peine,lopephUaCfpnaich,abb Cluana micNoip.DoChiannaccaib&peacch, Leapbanban, aipcmoeach Cluana boipeann, Colju Ua Oumeachoa, pfp- leijint) Cluana mic Noip, ape Do pome an Scuaip Chpabaioh. SloijeaD la DonncaD oimaipDean Caijfn ap mhuimneachaib.
Ctoip Cpiopc, pfcc cceo nocac. Qn cuicc picfc Do OhonnchaD. "Cwp- paicre, mac pfpcaip, abb Cluana pfpca bpenamn, £)uctlPe Ua Uioppaicce, abb Cluana poca, TTlaonach, abb Cluana pfpca TTIolua, TTlupchaoh, mac pfpaDhaigh, [oecc]. LopccaDh Rfchpainoe 6 Dibeapccaib, ~\ a Sccpine Do copccpao i Do lompab. 6pan QipDcfno, pf Laijfn, -\ Gicne, mjfn Oomnaill. TTlibij, Do mapbaD la pmpneccaCfchaipDfpcc, macCeallais.h] cCillChuile Duma an pfipeab oiDce Do pampaD Dia Ceoaoin Do ponnpab. ConiD Do DO pdibeaD :
e Colgu — This is the Colcu, Lector in Scotia, to whom Alcuin, or Albin, one of the tutors of Charlemagne, wrote the Epistle, published by Ussher in his Sylloge, No. xviiL, and reprinted by Colgan from Ussher, in his A eta Sanctorum, at 20th February. At the same day Colgan gives a short Life of Colchu, from which it ap- pears that he was supreme moderator and pre- lector of the school of Clonmacnoise, and that he arrived at such eminence in learning and sanctity that he was called chief scribe and master of the Scots of Ireland. The reader may form an idea of Alcuin's high estimation of his character from the following extract from this letter. After describing the success of Charlemagne's arms in subduing the Sclavi, Greeks, Huns, and Saracens, he says :
" De csetero (Pater sanctissime) sciat rever- entia tua, quod ego, filius tuus, et Joseph Ver- naculus' tuus (Deo miserante) sani sumus : et tui amici toti, qui apud nos sunt, in prosperi- tate Deo serviunt. Sed nescio quid de nobis venturum sit. Aliquid enim dissentionis, dia- bolico fomento inflamante, nuper inter Kegem Carolum et Regem Offam exortum est : ita ut utrinque navigatio interdicta negotiantibus ces-% set. Sunt qui dicunt nos pro pace esse in illas
partes mittendos : sed obsecro ut vestris sacro- sanctis orationibus manentes vel euntes munia- mur. Nescio quid peccavi, quia tuse Paterni- tatis dulcissimas litteras multo tempore non merui videre : tamen pernecessarias orationes sanctitatis tuse me quotidie sentire credo."
' Scuaip Chrabhaidh : L e. the Besom of Devo- tion. Colgan states that he had a copy of this work transcribed from the Book of Cluain, which is probably the manuscript called Leabh- ar-na-h Uidhri :
" Extat apud me ex Codice Cluanensi, et aliis vetustis membranis, quoddam hujus sancti viri opusculum, titulum n. 8 dedi, et Hibernice Scuap chrabhaigh, id est, Scopa devotionis. Estque fasciculus ardentissimarum precum per modum quodammodo Litaniarum : opus ple- num ardentissima devotione et elevatione mentis in Deum." — Ada Sanctorum, p. 379, n. 9.
8 To protect Leinster. — Dr. O'Conor translates this " per limites Lageniae ;" but if he had com- pared it with the Annals of Ulster and the translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, he would have found that this interpretation was incorrect :
"A. D. 793. Sloghadh la Donnchadh ad auxi- lium Lageniensium contra Mumenenses." — Ann.
790.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
397
Greine [Tomgraney] ; Joseph Ua Cearnaigh, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, [one] of the Cianachta-Breagh ; Learbanbhan, airchinneach of Cluain-boireann [Cloon- burren] ; Colgue Ua Duineachda, lector of Cluain-mic-Nois, he who composed the Scuaip-Chrabhaidhf, [died]. A hosting was made by Donnchadh, to pro- tect Leinsterg against the Munstermen.
The Age of Christ, 790 [recte 795]. The twenty-fifth year of Donnchadh. Tibraide, son of Fearchair, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn [Clonfert]; Guaire Ua Tibraide, Abbot of Cluain-foda ; Maenach, Abbot of Cluain-'fearta-Molua ; [and] Murchadh, son of Fearadhach, [died]. The burning of Reachrainnh by plunderers'; and its shrines were broken and plundered. Bran-Airdcheannk, King of Leinster, and [his wife] Eithne, daughter of Domhnall Midheach, were killed by Finsneachta Ceathairdherc, son of Ceallach, at Cill-cuile-dumha1, on the sixth night of summer precisely. Of this was said :
UU., Ed. O'Conor.
" A. D. 793. An army by Donnogh in assist- ance of Leinster against Mounster." — Cod. Cla- rend., t. 49-
" A. D. 79 1 • King Donnogh sent an army to assist the Lynstermen again the Mounstermen." — Ann. Clon.
h Reackrainn, — This was one of the ancient names of the Island of Rathlinn, off the north coast of the county of Antrim ; but it was also the ancient name of Lambay, near Dublin,
which is probably the place here referred to
See the year 793, and the note under A. D. 747.
' Plunderers — This should be 6 5encl^i i- e- by the Gentiles, or Pagan Danes, as in the An- nals of Ulster :
"A. D. 794. Losgad Eachrainne o Gentib ocus a scrine do coscradh ocus do lomrad." [The burning of Rechrainn by Gentiles, who spoyled and impoverished the shrines. — Cod. Clarend., 49.] — Ann. Ult.
" A- D. 792. Rachryn was burnt by the Danes." — Ann. Clon.
This is the first attack on record made by the Danes upon any part of Ireland, for Dr.
O'Conor's attempt to show that they attacked the island of Muic-inis-Riagail in Loch-Deirg- dheirc, in Dal-Cais, so early as 747, has been already proved to be erroneous. They had attacked England a year or two earlier — See the Saxon Chronicle at the years 787 and 793. The Annals of Ulster have the first notice of the devastation of the British Isles by the Pagans at the year 793, and the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 791 (the true year being 794), as follows :
" A. D. 793. Vastatio omnium insolarum Bri- tanniee a Gentibus.'" — Ann. UU.
"A. D. 791. All the Islands of Brittaine were wasted and much troubled by the Danes : this was their' first footing in England." — Ann. Clon.
k Bran Airdcheann: i. e. Bran the High- headed. " A. D. 794. Bran Arddcenn, rex La- ginensium, occisus est, etRegina ejus, Eithne, ingin Domhnaill Midhe. Finsnechta Cetharderc, mac Ceallaig, occidit eos hi Cill Chuile-dumai, in vi., node post Kal. Maii, iv. feria." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 792. Bran, King of Leinster, and his wife, Eihnie, daughter of Donell of Meath, Queen of Lynster, died." — Ann. Clon.
1 Cill- Guile- Dumha : i. e. Church of the Angle
398 aNNCfca Rio^hachca eiraecmN. [791-
QiDhep bpam, olc ppi caiDi, i Gill Chuile oumhai, Sirhne, injhfn Oomnaill TTliDij, ba Dippan Do puibiu.
Cono Ceca&ach, mac OonnchaDa, DO mapbab hi ccaij; Cumalcaich hi Cpich Ua nOlcan, la piano, mac Conjalaich. Qp Do bap Cuino po pdiDeaD:
Coipm DO ponaD la hUa Olcain ippeD Dor car De linn spam, Uucca Depcaio Do 6 plann co puc a cenD o bebail.
Cacapach, mac Uoippcea, njfpna Ua nGachach 065. CuDfnaipc, mac Conapaijh, abb Qpoa TTlaca, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopr, peace cceo nocar a haon. Qn peipeaD bliabain piece Do OhonnchaD. Clochchu, eppcop -| Qngcoipe Cluana lopaipD, SuiBne, eppcop Qca Cpuim, [oecc], Ouiblicip, abb pinjlaipe, Decc an 15 TTlan. Olcobap, mac plaino, mic Gipc, pcpibniD, eppcop, -| ancoipi, Decc. Colcca egnaiD Decc. Sfncan, abb Cille QchaiD Dpummoca -\ biopaip, TTlaenach, mac Qonjupa, ppioip Lupcan, i eochaiD, mac Cfpnaich, pfpcijip Qpoa TTlacha, Decc. TTlaelcoba, mac ploinn peopna, cijfpna Ciappaije Cuacpa, Pogap- cach, mac Cacail, njfpna TTlai^e Qf, -] OumeachaiD Ua Daipe, cijfpna Ciappaije Qf Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, pfcc cceD nochac a Do. DonnchaD .1. mac Oomnaill, mic TTlupchaDa, a pfcr picfc 50 nepbailc lap mbuaiD airpije pan Ijnu bliaDain Dia aoip. ConaD occa eccaoine DO paiohfoh an panD :
DonnchaDh pperhann plair puaca cloichpf Gpeann cfc cece, Nf puil bup liach DO malaipc, uaip nap anachc a rece.
InDpechrach, mac Oomnaill, Dfpbpacaip an pf£ DonnchaDa, Decc. Dub- oalece, mac Sionaij, abb Qpoa TTlaca, DO ecc. Conoal, mjfn TTlupchaDa,
of the Mound, now probably Kilcool, near New- of Ware's Bishops, p. 42.
town-Mountkennedy, in the barony of New- ° Colca the Wise See this distinguished scho-
castle, and county of Wicklow. lar already noticed under the year 789 [794J. , m Crick- Ua-nOlcan : i. e. the Territory of the " A. D. 795. Dublitter Finnglaissi, et Colggu
Ui-Olcain. A small district in Meath, but its ra«posDunechdo, Olcobhur, mac Flainn,^/zV Eire,
position has not been yet determined. rex Mumhan, Scribe et Episcopi, et anchorite dor-
" Cudinaisc. — He is set down as archbishop in mierunt." — Ann. Uti.
the list of the Archbishops of Armagh preserved f Eochaidh, son of Cearnach " A. D. 795.
in the Psalter of Cashel. — See Harris's Edition Equonimus Ardmachse, Echu mac Cernaig mo-
791-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 399
The death of Bran, evil the deed, at Cill-Chuile-dumhai,
Of Eithne, daughter of Domhnall Midheach, was woful to him.
Conn Cetadhach, son of Donnchadh, was slain in the house of Cumalcaich, in Crich-Ua-n01canm, by Flann, son of Congalach. Of the death of Conn was said :
A feast was made by Ua Olcain, which was partaken of in odious ale ; Dregs were given to him by Flann, so that he bore away his head after his death.
Cathasach, son of Toirpthea, lord of Ui-Eathach [Iveagh] , died. Cudinaisc", son of Conasach, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 791 [recte 796]. The twenty-sixth year of Donnchadh. Clothchu, bishop and anchorite of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] ; Suibhne, Bishop of Ath-Truim [Trim], died. Duibhlitter, Abbot of Finnghlais [Finglas], died on the 15th of May. Olcobhar, son of Flann, son of Ere, scribe, bishop, and anchorite, died. Colca the Wise0 died. Seanchan, Abbot of Cill-achaidh-droma- foda [Killeigh], and of Birra ; Maenach, son of Aenghus, Prior of Lusca [Lusk] ; and Eochaidh, son of Cearnachp (Economus of Ard-Macha, died. Maelcobha, son of Flann Feorna, lord of Ciarraighe-Luachra [in the county of Kerry]; Fogartach, son of Cathal, lord of Magh-Aei ; and Duineachaidh Ua Daire, lord of Ciarraighe Aeiq, died.
The Age of Christ, 792. Donnchadhr, i. e. the son of Domhnall, son of Murchadh, reigned twenty-seven years, when he died, after the victory of penance, in the sixty-fourth year of his age ; in lamentation of whom this quatrain was composed :
Donnchadh of Freamhainn, dreaded prince, famed King of
Ireland, of the hundred fair greens ; There is no more mournful loss, as he did not quiet his fair.
Innreachtach, son of Domhnall, brother of King Donnchadh, died. Dubh- daleithe, son of Sinach, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died. Condal, daughter of Mur-
ritur immatura morte." — Ann. UU. mic Domhnaill, /rater, e?z«." — Ann. Ult.
q Ciarraighe- Aei. — Now Clann-Keherny, a dis- O'Flaherty places the accession of Donn-
trict near Castlerea, in the county of Roscom- chadh in the year 770, ' and his death in 797,
inon — See note b, under A. D. 1225. which is the true chronology. He adds: "Quo
' Donnchadh — " A. D. 796. Mors Donncha, rege, Anno 795, Dani Scotise, et Hiberniae oras
mic Domhnaill, regis Temhro, et Innrechtaig infestare coeperunt."— Ogygia, p. 433.
400
[793.
banabb Cille oapa, Conarhail, abb Leich, Olcobap, mac plainn, aipcinneach Inpi Caraigh, Ctelmmaip peiptiship Cluana mic Noip, Do piol TTlaolpuanaib oopme, Cumupcac, mac pojapcai j, cijeapna Oeipcepc bpfj, Decc i ccleip- cfchc. TTlmpeaDac, mac ploinn ^P01^ cijeapna Cenel TTlic nGapca, 065. Cupaoi, mac Qongufa, cijepnd Cenel Laojaipe, [oecc].
Qoip Cpiopc, peachr cceo nochar acpf. Qn ceo tiliaOam oGoD Oipo- moe, mac Neill phpopai£, hi pije uap Gpinn. Guoup hUa Oiocolla, abb Cille oapa, Connmach, mac buipbocha hua^uaipe Qi6ne, pcpibneoip Cluana mic Noip,-] Gocham phipr Cle6a, oecc. Cach Opoma pi 5 pia nCloD nOipo- nibe i rropcapaoap Da mac Oomnaill, pfnfnfcca -\ OiapmuiD, pfnpneacca mac pollamain,-) pocai&e oile nach aipfmrfp imaille ppiu. dp Dia popaich- mec DO paibfo :
Cia Do pochaip GOD la Oomnall copcap cicap, Ppipin Qo& pinn pip, i ccac Dpoma pij po hicaD.
Qe6 OipDniDe Do papuccaD TTRiDe gup bo piapac 66. Imp paopaicc Do lopccaD la hQllmuipechaib, ~\ pjpin Ooconna Do bpeir 6oib, ~\ inpf&a Do Denarii &6ib cfna ecip 6pinn ~] Ctlbain. Ctippiac, eppcop QpDa TTlacha, -\ Ctipeccach Ua paoldin, abb QpDa TTlacha, Decc i naen oiDche.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachc cceo nochac a cfcaip. Ctn Dapa blia&am DQo6
* Inis-Cathaigh — Now Scattery Island, in the Shannon, opposite the town of Kilrush, in the county of Clare — See note ", under A. D. 1 188. See also Ussher's Primordia, p. 873, and Arch- dall's Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 49.
1 Cumaseach — " A. D. 796. Cumascach, mac Fogartaig, rerDeiscirt Bregh in clericatu" [obit]. — Ann. Ult.
" Feart-Aedha: i. e. Aedh's or Hugh's Grave. Not identified.
w Druim-righ: i. e. the King's Eidge or Long Hill, now Drumry or Dromree, near Eatoath, in the county of Meath.
" A. D. 796. Helium Droma righ, in quo ceci- derunt duoJUii Domhnaill .i. Finsnechta, et Diar- mait hOdor, frater ejus, et Finsnechta mac Fol- lomhainn, et alii -multi. Aedh, mac Neill, Jilii
Fergaile, victor fuit." — Ann. Ult.
1 Devastated.— "A. D. 796. Vastacio Mide la [per] Aedh mac Neill Frosaig, et inicium regni ejus." — Ann. UU.
" A. D. 794. Hugh Ornye succeeded King Donnogh, and reigned twenty-seven years. In the beginning of his reign he wasted and spoyled all Meath, for none other cause but because they stuck to the" [ancestors of the] " O'Melaugh- lins, which were his predecessors in the govern- ment."— Ann. Clon.
3 Inis-Padray: i. e. Patrick's Island, now Pa- trick's Island, near Skerries, in the county of Dublin. — See Ussher's Primordia, p. 846, and Archdall's Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 218. This notice of the burning of Inis-Padraig is entered in the Annals of Ulster at the year 797, and in
793.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 401
chadh, Abbess of Cill-dara ; Conamhail, Abbot of Liath ; Olcobhar, son of Flann, Airchinneach of Inis-Cathaigh8; Aelmidhair, (Economus of Cluain-mic-Nois, who was of the Sil-Maelruanaidh, died. Cumascach*, son of Fogartach, lord of South Breagh, died in religion. Muireadhach, son of Flann Garadh, lord of Cinel-Mic-Earca, died. Curoi, son of Aenghus, lord of Cinel-Laeghaire, died.
The Age of Christ, 793 \recte 798]. The first year of Aedh Oirdnidhe, son of Niall Frosach, in sovereignty over Ireland. Eudus Ua Dicholla, Abbot of Cill-dara ; Connmhach, son of Burbotha, a descendant of Guaire Aidhne, scribe of Cluain-mic-Nois ; and Eochaidh of Feart- Aedhau, died. The battle of Druira-righw by Aedh Oirdnighe, wherein were slain the two sons of Domhnall, Finshneachta and Diarmaid ; Finshneachta, son of Follamhan ; and many others along with them not enumerated. To commemorate which was said :
Though Aedh was slain by Domhnall, a greedy triumph ;
By the true fair Aedh it was avenged, in the battle of Druim-righ.
Aedh Oirdnidhe devastated" Meath, until it submitted to him. Inis-Padraigy was burned by foreigners, and they bore away the shrine of Dochonna ; and they also committed depredations between Ireland and Alba [Scotland]. Affiath2, Bishop of Ard-Macha, and Aireachtach Ua Faelain, Abbot of Ard- Macha, died on the same night.
The Age of Christ, 794 [recte 799]. The second year of Aedh Oirdnidhe.
the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 794, but the true many rich and great booties from Ireland, as from
year is 798. Scotland." — Ann. Clon.
" A. D. 797. Combustio Innse Patricii o Gen- • Ajfiatk.—The list of the Archbishops of Ar-
tib ocus borime na crich do breith, occus serin magh, in the Psalter of Cashel, omits Affiath and
Dochonna do briseadh doaibh, ocus indreda gives Aireachtach as archbishop for one year. —
mara doaibh cene etir Erinn ocus Albain." — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 42.
Ann. Ult. Ed. O> Conor. In the Annals of Ulster the deaths of these
"A. D. 797. The burning of St. Patrick's Hand ecclesiastics are thus noticed :
by the Gentiles. The taking of the countries' "A. D. 793. Airechtach O'Fleadhaig, abbas
praies, and the breaking of Dochonna's shryne Airdmachse, et Affiath Episcopus, in pace dor-
by them, and the spoyles of the sea between mierunt in una node."
Ireland and Scotland." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. From this passage it might appear that the
" A. D. 794. The Island of Patrick was burnt abbot and the bishop were different persons ; by the Danes ; they taxed the lands with great but Ware thinks that the person called Corn- taxation ; they took the relicks of St. Dochonna, harba of Patrick, or Abbot of Armagh, was the made many invasions to this kingdome, and took Primate of all Ireland.
4(12
[795.
Oiponibe. pfpabac, mac Seijeni, abb l?eachpainne, Gnaile, abb Cluana mic Noip, .1. DO Uib bpiuin [oecc]. S. Sia&al Ua Commain, abb Cirmlaca, oecc an 8 TTIapca. blacmac, mac £)ua'Pe) abb Cluana baeodin, piannachra pfpna, Suibne Cille Oeljje, -\ bpeplen beppe, Decc. Cluain lopaipD DO lopccab i rcop Sampaib. Qitell, mac Inopeaccaij, cijeapna Ua TTlaine Connacc, Decc. Oomnall, mac Oonnchaba, Do mapbab la a bpairpib. Ounplair, mjfn plair- bfpcaij, mic Loin^pijj, Decc. lomaipeacc Ouine ^ainbe eicip Cnonnacraib peipin, i ccopcaip Copcpach, mac Ouinn, i ^aipccfbac, •] pochaibe oile imaille ppiu. lomaipeacc pmnabpach i Ufcba pia TTluipf6ach, mac Oorhnaill, rcopcpacap maice iom6a impfpjap, mac Qil5ile,n jfpnaeCheneoilCoipppe, im Dhuibmopeacc, mac Qpcjaile, i im TTluipf6ac, mac Connmai^, ~[ im Copccpac [mac] Ceirfpnaij. InD lamcomaipr i peil TTIicil na bliabna po, oia nebhpab an cene DO nimh. paoinDealach, mac TTlaenaigh, abb Gpoa TTlaca, Decc mp mbeir DO Ohub'oaleire i nimpfpam ppip cecupimon abboame, •] DO ^hopmjal ma beaohaib.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachr cceD nochac a cuicc. Qn cpfp bliabam oCtob i pije. Gipmfohac, abb bfnnchuip, Qeloobaip, abb l?opa Commain, TTlimrfn- ach, abb 5^'nne Da Cocha, 'Caipbelbach, abb Cille achaib, Lomjpeac, mac
" A. D. 798. Domhnall, mac Donncha, dolose afratribus suis jugulatus est."
d Dun-Gairibhe. — Not identified. " A. D. 798. Bdlum Duin-Gamba inter Connachta invicem, ubi Coscrach, mac Duinn, et Gaiscedhach, et aliinmlti ceciderunt." — Ann. Ult.
e Finndbhair. — Now Fennor, in the county of Westmeath. It was the seat of Edward Nugent,
who died on the 10th November, 1601 See
Inquisitions, Lagenia. Westmeath, No. 62. Jac. I. ; and Ordnance Map, sheet 13.
" A. D. 798. .Be/famFinnubhrachhiTethbui, ubi reges multi occisi sunt .i. Fergus, mac Algaile, Coscrach mac Cethernaich, reges Generis Coir- pri .i. Dubinnrecht, mac Artgaile, et Murcha mac Condmaigh. Murcha, mac Domhnaill, vic- tor fuit."— Ann. Ult.
' Lamhchomairt : i. e. Clapping of Hands
See note under the year 767. In the old trans-
* Ceann-lacha: i. e. Head of the Lake, anglice Kinlough. There are several places of this name in Ireland; the place here referred to may be Kinlough, at the north-west extremity of Lough Melvin, in the barony of Kosclogher, and county of Leitrim.
b Cluain-Baedain — Otherwise called Cluain- foda-Baedain, and Cluain- foda-Baedain-abha, now Clonfad, in the barony of Farbil, and county of Westmeath — See note ", under the year 577, p. 209, supra.
" A. D. 798. Jugulatio Blathmic, mic Guaire, dbbatis Cluana-fota Boetain o [per] Maelruanaig, et o [per] Fallomhain filiis Donncha." — Ann. Ult
c By his brothers — This might be translated "by his cousins," or "by his kinsmen," but it is expressed by " afratribus suis," in Latin, in the Annals of Ulster, as follows :
795.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 403
Fearadhach, son of Seigheni, Abbot of Eeachrainn ; Anaile, Abbot of Cluain- mic-Nois, who was of the Ui-Briuin, [died]. St. Siadhal Ua Commain, Abbot of Ceann-lacha", died on the 8th of Marti. Blathmac, son of Guaire, Abbot of Cluain-Baedainb; Fiannachta, of Fearna ; Suibhne, of Cill-Delge [Kildalkey] ; and Breslen, of Berre, died. Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] was burned in the begin- ning of summer. Ailell, son of Innreachtach, lord of Ui-Maine-Connacht, died. Domhnall, son of Donnchadh, was slain by his brothers0. Dunf hlaith, daughter of Flaithbheartach, son of Loingseach, died. The battle of Dun-Gainbhed between the Connaughtmen themselves, wherein fell Coscrach, son of Donn, and Gaisgeadhach, and many others along with them. The battle of Finnabhaire, in Teathbha, by Muireadhach, son of D.omhnall, in which many chiefs were slain along with Fearghus, son of Ailghil, lord of Cinel-Cairbre, with Duibhinn- reacht, son of Artghal, with Muireadhach, son of Connmhach, and with Cos- grach, son of Ceithearnach. The Lamhchomhairtf at the Michaelmas of this year, which was called the fire from heaven. Faindealach, son of Maenach, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died, after Dubhdaleithe had been in contention with him about the abbacy first, and after him Gormghal*.
The Age of Christ, 795. The third year of Aedh in the sovereignty. Air- meadhach, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor] ; Aeldobhar, Abbot of Ros-Commain [Roscommon] ; Mimtheanach, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha; Tairdhealbhach, Abbot of Cill-achaidh [Killeigh] ; Loingseach, son of Fiachra, Abbot of Dun-Leath-
lation of the Annals of Ulster in Cod. Clarend., et pecora perierunt. Lex Patricii for Connachta
torn. 49, this passage is translated, A. D. 798 : la Gormgal mac Dindataigh."
"The pestilence at Michaelmas, whereof sprung g Gormglial. — He is not mentioned in the list
the tene di nim;" but this is incorrect. The of the Archbishops of Armagh given in the
Lamhchomairt was evidently a horrific thun- fragment of the Psalter of Cashel now in the
der-storm, which struck the people with such Bodleian Library. There are irreconcilable dif-
terror and dismay, that they clapped^ their ferences among the Irish writers concerning the
hands with despair. The Saxon Chronicle men- succession of the Archbishops of Armagh at this
tions, under the year 793, the occurrence of period ; and Harris, in his additions to Ware's
excessive whirlwinds and lightnings in Nor- Bishops, remarks, p. 42, that " there is no way
thumbria, which miserably terrified the people, to reconcile these differences, but by supposing
The year 794 of the Four Masters corresponds that the great contests about the succession, at
with 798 of the Annals of Ulster, which con- this time, created a schism in the see; and that
tain, under that year, the two notices following, the contending parties became reciprocally in
which have been totally omitted by the former : possession of the archiepiscopal cathedral, as
" A. D. 798. Nix magna in qua multi homines their factions prevailed or declined."
3F2
404 aNNQta Rioshachca eiReaww. [796.
piacpa, abb Ouin Learglaipi, [oecc]. TTlaoloccpaij, ab Ooipe eonig, DO mapbao, Commach, mac Oonaic, abb Copcaicce moipe, -\ Pep-tjil Ua ^0165, pcpibneoip tupcca [DO ecc]. Qilill, mac pfpjupa, njfpna Oeipcipc 6pfj, DO cpapccpao Dia eoc, i pel TTlic Cuilinn Cupca,^ a. ecc po ceooip. lomaipfcc ecip Cenel Laejjaipe -| Cenel QpDjail, in po mapbao pianjalac, mac Oun- lainj, la Conall, mac Neill, i la Conjalach, mac Clonjupa.
Goip Cpiopc, peachc cceo nochac a pe. Qn cfrpamab bliaDain oGon. bpfpal, mac Segem, abb lae, Decc, lap mbeic bliaoain ap rpiochac i naboaine. peblimiD Ua Lugaoon, abb Cluana Oolcain, Cacapnach, macCachail TTIaen- maije, -| NinDiD, angcoipe, Decc. 17uamnup, abb Oomnaij Seachnaill, Dej. Uaip naom Rondin, mic bfpaij, Do cop i ncopc baf ap na liimDenam Dop 1 oapgarc. bepail, injfn Cacail, piojan OonnchaDa, mic Oomnaill, Decc. lomaipfcc ecip Ulcaib, ~\ Ui 6arac Coba, i cropcaip 6ochaiD, mac Qilella, cijfpna Coba.
Qoip Cpiopc, peachr cceo nochac a peachc. Qn cuijeaO bliaoain oQoo. Qilill, mac Copbmaic, abb Sldine, ejnaib ~] bpeicfm fpjna, Decc. TTluipfoach, mac Olcobaip, abb Cluana pfpca bpenamn, Conoaccac, pcpibneoip cocch- aibe, i abb lae, Clemenp Ufpe Da jlap, TTlacoige Ctpopcpopain, abb bfnn- chuip, 065. Copccpach Ua Ppaoich, abb Lu^maiO, Decc. TTluipfoac, mac
h Doire-Edhnigh : i. e. the Derry or Oak- Wood day, it is stated that Maccuilinn, otherwise
of the Ivy. According to the Gloss on the Fei- called Cainnech, Bishop of Lusca, died in the
lire Aenguis, and O'Clery's Irish Calendar at year 497.
3rd November, this was another name for Doire- ' A battle, fyc. — " A. D. 799. Belliolum inter
na-bhFlann, in Eoganacht-Chaisil, where St. Genus Loigaire et Genus Ardggail, in quo cecidit
Corcnutan was venerated on that day. The Fiangholach, mac Dunlainge. Conall, mac Neill,
place is now called Doire-na-bhFlann, anglice et Conghalach, mac Aengusa, victores erant, causa
Derrynavlan, and is a townland in the parish of interfectionis fratris sui .i. Failbi." _ Ann. Uti.
Graystown, barony of Slievardagh, and county Under the year 799, which corresponds with
of Tipperary. According to the tradition in 795 of the Four Masters, the Annals of Ulster
the country, the celebrated Irish architect, Go- have the following notice omitted by the former:
ban Saer, was interred here. " A. D. 799. Positio reliquiarum Conlaid hi
1 AiliU. — A. D. 799- Ailill, mac Fergusa, rex serin oir ocus airgit (the putting of the relics of
Descert Breg trajectus est de equo suo in circio Conlaoi in a shrine or tomb of gold and silver)".
ferie Filii Cuilinn Luscan, et continue mortuus — Cod. Clarend, 49. For a curious description
est."— Ann. Ult. Of this shrine the reader is referred to the Life
k The festival of Maccuilinn: i. e. the 6th of of St. Bridget by Cogitosus, published by Mes-
September. In O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at this singham, Florilegium, p. 199, and by Colgan,
796.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
405
glaisi, [died]. Maelochtraigh, Abbot of Doire-Edhnighh, was slain. Conn- mhach, son of Donat, Abbot of Corcach-Mor [Cork], and Ferghil Ua Taidhg, scribe of Lusca, [died]. Ailill1, son of Fearghus, lord of South Breagh, was thrown from his horse on the festival of Maccuilinnk of Lusca, and he died immediately. A battle1 [was fought] between the Cinel-Laeghaire and Cinel- Ardghail, in which was slain Fiangalach, son of Dunlaing, by Conall, son of Niall, and Conghalach, son of Aenghus.
The Age of Christ, 796 [recte 801]. The fourth year of Aedh. Breasal"1, son of Segeni, Abbot of la, died, after having been twenty-one years in the abbacy. Feidhlimidh Ua Lugadon, Abbot of Cluain-Dolcain [Clondalkin] ; Catharnach, son of Cathal Maenmaighe ; and Ninnidh, anchorite, died. Ruamnus, Abbot of Domhnach-Seachnailln, died. The relics of Ronan0, son of Bearach, were placed in a shrine formed of gold and silver. Befhail, daughter of Cathal, queen of Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, died. A battlep between the Ulidians and the Ui-Eathach-Cobha, wherein Eochaidh, son of Ailell, lord of Cobha [Iveagh], was slain.
The Age of Christ, 797 [recte 802]. The fifth year of Aedh. Ailill, son of Cormac, Abbot of Slaine, a wise man and a learned judge'1, died. Muireadhach, son of Olcobhar, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn ; Connachtach, a select scribe, and Abbot of la [lona] ; Clemens, of Tir-da-ghlas ; [and] Macoige, of Apor- crosain, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor], died. Cosgrach Ua Fraeich, Abbot of
Trias T/iautn., p. 523 ; and also to Petrie's In- quiry into the Origin and Uses of the Hound Towers of Ireland, pp. 194 to 201.
m Breasal.— "A. D. 800. Bresal, mac Segeni, abbas lae, anno principatus sui xxxi. dormivit." — Ann. Hit.
" Domhnach-Seachnaill : i. e. the Church of Seachnall, or Secundinus, now Dunshaughlin, in the barony of Eatoath, and county of Meath. — See note p, under the year 448, p. 134, supra.
" Ronan, son of Bearach. — He is the patron saint of Druim-Ineasclainn, in Conaille-Muir- theimhne, now Drumiskin, where, according to the Irish Calendar, his festival was kept on the 1 8th of November.
" A. D. 800. Positio rdiquiarum Eonain, flii
Beric, in area auri et argenti." — Ann. Ult.
p A battle.—" A. D. 800. Bellum inter Ultu et nepotes Echdhach Cobho, in quo cecidit Echu, mac Aililla, rex Cobho, et cecidit Cairell, mac Cathail ex parte adversa belli, et exercitus ejus victor fait." — Ann. Ult.
The year 796 of the Four Masters Corre- sponds with 800 of the Annals of Ulster, which contain the two notices following, omitted by the four Masters :
" A. D. 800. Bresal, mac Gormgaile, de Genere Loegaire, afratribus suis dolose occisus est. Estas pluvialis."
" A learned judge — "A. D. 801. Ailill, mac Cormaic, abbas Slaine, sapiens et judex optimus, obiit."—Ann. Ult.
406 awNata Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [798.
Oorhnaill, cijfpna TTlibe, oecc. Qeoh Oiponibe Do &ol i TTIibe, co jio pann TThbe ecip Da mac Oonnchaba .1. Concubap -| Qilill. Qilill Do mapbab la Conchabap an bliabam ap noiaiD i gear. Guginia, injjfn OonnchaDa, mic Doriinaill, piojain pij Cfriipa [.i. pfj bpfgh] oecc. hi Choluimb Chille DO lopccab la hallmupacaib .1. la Nopcmanoibh. Uojail Cocha Riac la TTluip- jnif, mac Uomalcaig. peapjal, mac Qnmchaba, cijfpna Oppaije, 065. Ctpcpi, mac Qililla, cijfpna TTIujoopn TTlaigfn, oecc.
Cloip Cpiopr, peachr cceo nochar a hocc. Gn peipeab bliaoam DCtob. plann, mac Naepgaile, po pooaimpDe fe bliabna Decc i ccpeblaio Dicumamj ap Dhia, co po ecc mpamh. TTIac laippe, an pni 6 Imp ITluipfoaigh, Decc. QippinDan, abb Uamlacca TTlaeilepuam, Decc. lomaipecc T?uba Conaill einp Da mac OonnchaDa, in po mapbaD Qilill la Concubap. Oenjap Ua TTlujpoin, njfpna Ua pailje, Do mapbaD cpe ceilcc la a muincip pein. pinacca, mac Cellaij, DO mapbab. Ounchab mac Conjaile, njfpna Locha Cal, DO mapbab la a bpacaip.
Qoip Cpiopr, peachr cceo nochar a naoi. Ctn peacrmab bliabain oGob. Capabpan, abb Lip moip, paeldn, mac Cellaij, abbCille Dapa, -] Copbmac, mac Conaill, peipcfjip Cupcan, Decc. OuibinDpechc, mac Cacail, pi Con- nacc, Decc. Laejaipi, mac pepjaile, cijfpna Ofpmuman, Decc. Oomnall, mac Qoba TTluinDeips, mic plairbepcaij, mic Coingpij, mic Qonjapa, mic Oomnaill, mic Qoba, mic Qmmipeac, cijeapna an Uuaipceipc, Decc. Cinaeb,
r Divided Meaih. — "A. D. 801. An armie by "A. D. 799. Eugenia, daughter of King Don-
Hugh in Meath ; and [he] divided Meath be- nogh and Queen of Ireland" [recte of Meath]
tween Duncha's two sons, * viz., Conor and " died." — Ann. Clon.
Ailill."— 4nra. Ult. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. ' Hi-Coluim-Cille.—" A. D. 801. Hi Coluimb
" A. D. 799. Hugh, King of Ireland, came Cille a Gentibus combusta." — Ann. Hit.
with a great army to Meath, and divided it into " Loch-Riach — Now Lough Reagh, near the
two parts, whereof he gave one part to Connor, town of the same name, in the county of Gal way.
son of" [the late] " King Donnogh, and the See note w, under A. M. 3506, p. 33, supra.
other part to his brother, Ailill." — Ann. Clon. This is the oldest reference to this lake as a
" OfBreagh — The words enclosed in brackets fortress. Dr. O'Conor translates this passage
are inserted in a modern hand in the Stowe in the Annals of Ulster, p. 193, "Vastatio
copy. King of Teamhair, or Tara, at this pe- Lacus Rigis a prsedonibus maritimis ;" but
.riod, did not mean Monarch of Ireland, but this is incorrect, for Muirghius, i. e. Maurice,
King of Bregia, or East Meath. was the name of a chieftain who afterwards be-
"A. D. 801. Euginia, filia Donncha, Regina came King of Connaught — See the year 803.
regis Temorie moritur."—Ann. Ult. In the old translation of the Annals of Ulster,
798.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 407
Lughmhadh [Louth], died. Muireadhach, son of Domhnall, lord of Meath, died. Aedh Oirdnidhe went to Meath, and divided Meathr between the two sons of Donnchadh, namely, Conchubhar and Ailill. Ailill was slain the year following, by Conchubhar, in a battle. Euginia, daughter of Donnchadh, son of Domhnall, queen of the King of Teamhair [i. e. of the King of Breagh8], died. Hi-Coluim-Cille* was burned by foreigners, i. e. by the Norsemen. The demo- lition of Loch-Elachu by Muirghius, son of Tomaltach. Fearghal, son of Anm- chaidh, lord of Osraighe, died. Artri, son of Ailill, lord of Mughdhorna- Maighean [Cremorne], died.
The Age of Christ, 798 [recte 803]. The seventh year of Aedh. Flannw, son of Narghal, after having suffered sixteen years under severe sickness for God, died. Mac Laisre the Learned*, of Inis-Muireadhaigh [Inishmurry], died. Airfhindan, Abbot of Tamhlacht-Maeleruain [Tallaght], died. The battle of Rubha-Conailly, between the two sons of Donnchadh, in which Ailill was slain by Conchubhar. Oenghus Ua Mughroinz, lord of Ui-Failghe, was slain through treachery by his own people. Dunchadh, son of Conghal, lord of Loch-Cala, was slain by his brother.
The Age of Christ, 799 [recte 804]. The seventh year of Aedh. Carabran, Abbot of Lis-mor ; Faelan, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Cill-dara ; and Cormac, son of Conall, CEconomusb of Lusca, died. Duibhinnreacht, son of Cathal, King of Connaught, died. Laeghaire, son of Fearghal, lord of Desmond, died. Domhnall, son of Aedh Muindearg, son of Flaithbheartach, son of Loin'gseach, son of Aenghus, son of Domhnall, son of Aedh, son of Ainmire, lord of the
in Cod. Clarend., 49, it is rendered correctly : Jilios Donncha, vhi Ailill cecidit, et Concobar
"A. D. 801. The breaking of Lochriach by victor fuit."
Murges ;" and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise * Oenghus Ua Mughroin. — "A. D. 802. Oengus
at 799 : " L'oghriagh was destroyed by Morgies." mac Mugroin, rex Nepotum Failghi, jugidatus. est
" Flann. — " A. D. 802. Quies Flainn, mic dolose a sociis Finsnechte jttii Cellaich, consilio
Narghaile, qui in temptacione doloris xvi. annis Regis sui." — Ann. Ult.
incubuit." — Ann. Ult. " Loch-Cal. — Now Loughgall, in the barony
* The learned. — " A. D. 800. Mac Laysre, the of West Oneilland, and county of Armagh —
excellent of Inismoyre, died." — Ann. Clon. See note r, under A. M. 2859, p. 10, supra.
y Rubha-Conaitt Now Eowe, a townland in "A. D. 802. Duncha mac Conghaile, rex
the barony of Rathconrath, and county of West- Locha Cal, afratribus suis jugidatus est." — A. Ult.
meath. b (Economus. — " A. D. 803. Cormac, mac Co-
" A. D. 802. Bellum Rubhai Conaill inter duos naill, equonimus Luscan moritur." — Ann. Ult.
408 QNHaca Rioshachca eiReaww. [799-
mac OumeachDa, i Cfpnach, mac Ouinchaba, cijepna mugDopn, Deg. pa- pujaD Laijfn pa 66 i naoin mfp la hUib Neill, conaD 66 DO paibeab :
lappam pomp co ILaijniu, Qe6 nee nac imcaib ojpu, Nip an ance cpf caocach, conoo papcaib i mbpojnu.
dooh Oiponme DO nonol ploij; lanmoip bo 6ol i Laijnib, -| Caijin Do pdpuccab po 61 a naon riif. Oo ponao leipnonol pep n6peann Do pibipi leip (cenmocar Laijin), eicip laocaib -\ cleipcib, 50 piacr Oun Cuaip, i coiccpioch TTlioe -] Laijfn. 'Cdinic ann Connriiac, comapba parpaicc, co ccleip Leife Cuinn imaille ppip. Nip bo mair lap na cleipcib cocc pop ploijfoh inp. ajaoinpioc a nimnfoh ppip an pij. Ctpbepc Din an pi .1. Qo6, no jeba6 ariiail acbepao poraD na Canoine, coniDh ano puccpme an mbpeic, Dia po faop cleipij Gpeann pop peace -] ploijfo Do jpep, co nepepc :
Gcclap Oe bi, leicc DI, na pnaf, biD a cepc pop leac, peb ap Deac po baoi. ^ach piop rtianac pit, pop a cubaip njtan, Oon fcclaip Dian Dip gniD ariiail gac mo6. ^ach Dilmain lap pin, pit jan pechc jan peip Cfc cia ceip ppf baij QeDa rhaip mic Neitt. a pi an piajait cepc, pec nf mop m bfcc, pojnaD cac a mo6, gan on jan ecc. Gcclap.
c Devastation. — " A. D. 803. Vastado Lagi- Neill, cui dux erat Condmach, abbas Ardmachae
nensium apud JSium Neill duabus vicibus in uno in Duncuair." — Ann. Ult. " This yeare the
meAse." — Ann. Ult. cleargi of Ireland were freed from rysing out,
"A. D. 801. King Hugh wasted Lynster or any such, by Hugh Oirnie, by the judgment
two times in one month, tooke awaye all their of Fahadh Canonist." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. preys and bootyes." — Ann. Clon. ' Fothadh na Canoine. — For some account of
d Dun-Cuair: i. e. Cuar's Dun or Fort. This this writer see Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, at 1 1th
place is now called by the synonymous name of March, p. 581, e. 13, and p. 583, n. 13, where
Rath-Cuair (idem enim, nempe arcem sen muni- he translates this passage as follows : tionem, significant dun et rath), anglice Rathcore, " Illam autem expeditionem, Clerique exemp-
which is a small village, situated in the barony tionem in annum 799" [recte 804] " referunt
of Lower Moyfenrath, in the county of Meath, nostri annales. Ita tradunt Quatuor Magistri
and not far from the confines of the ancient ad eundem : Collegit Rex Aidus Ordnidhe ingen-
Leinster with Meath. tern exercitum, et suscepit expeditionem in Lage-
"A. D. 803. Congressio Senatorum Nepotum niam; eamque secundb infra unius mensis spatium
799-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 409
North, died. Cinaedh, son of Duinechda, and Cearnach, son of Dunchadh, lord of Mughdhorna [Cremorne], died. The devastation0 of Leinster twice in one month by the Ui-Neill, of which was said :
Afterwards lie returns to Leinster, Aedh, a soldier who shunned not battles ; The robber king did not cease till he left them in dearth.
Aedh Oirdnidhe assembled a very great army to proceed into Leinster and devastated Leinster twice in one month. A full muster of the men of Ireland (except the Leinstermen), both laity and clergy, was again made by him [and he marched] until he reached Dun-Cuaird, on the confines of Meath and Leinster. Thither came Connmhach, successor of Patrick, having the clergy of Leath-Chuinn along with him. It was not pleasing to the clergy to go upon any expedition ; they complained of their grievance to the king, and the king, i. e. Aedh, said that he would abide by the award of Fothadh na Canoine6; on which occasion Fothadh passed the decision by which he ex- empted the clergy of Ireland for ever from expeditions and hostings, when he said :
The Church of the living God, let her alone, waste her not,
Let her right be. apart, as best it ever was.
Every true monk, who is of a pure conscience,
For the Church to which it is due let him labour like every servant.
Every soldier from that out, who is without [religious] rule or obedience,
Is permitted to aid the great Aedh, son of Niall.
This is the true rule, neither more nor less:
Let every one serve in his vocation without murmur or complaint.
The Church, &c.
vastavit. Denuo collegit alium exercitum ex uni- Canonibus indicaret expedire. Fothadius autem
versce Hibernice, et populo et Clero, exceptis tulit sententiam pro clero, qua? cum a JBellicis
Lageniis tune tumultuantibus, et venit usque Dun- expeditionibus de ccetero liberavit"
Cuair, in Lagenice et Midia? confinibus : venit This decision of Fothadh na Canoine is re-
cum eo tune Conmachus, Patricii successor (hoc est ferred to in the preface to the Feilire-Aenguis,
Archiepiscopus Ardmachanus) Aquilonaris Hi- preserved in the Leabhar Breac, fol. 32. On
berniae Clero comitatus. Clerus autem inlquo animo this occasion Fothadh wrote a poem by way of
ferebat se adBellicas expeditiones vocari: et coram precept to the king, in which he advises him
Rege tali gravamine conqueritur. Rex promisit se to exempt the clergy from the obligation of
in hac re facturum quod Fothadius, cognomento de fighting his battles. There is a copy of the
3G
410
[800.
Oo coiD CloD Oiponi&e lapam co pij Laijfn, -| puaip a oijpeip 6 taijmb, 1 DO bepr pmpneachca, pi Laijfn, geill -\ eioipe 66. Capla gaec anbpoill, roipneac,-] remoceac ipm 16 pia peil paopaicc na blm6na po, 50 po mapbab Deicnebap ap mile hi cpfc Copca baipcinb,-] co po pano an muip oilen picae i rpib panoaib.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo. Ctn cochcmab bliabam Ddob Oiponibe. l?o- bapcach, abb bfnocuip, ITluipfDac, mac Qimipgin, abb Leirjlinne, Guana, abb TTlainipcpech buice, TTlaonac, mac Coljan, abb Lupcan, Ouboaboipfnn Ua Oubain, abb Cluana lopaipo, piangup, abb Ruip Cpe, Copbmac, mac TTluipjiupa, abb baiplicce, pine, banabb Cille Dapa, [oecc]. Ceall achaib oolopccab co na ofpraij nui. TTluipcfpcach, mac Oonnjaile, njfpna bpeipne, TTlaelbpacha, mac bpeplen, cijfpna Copca Loij&e, -[ pionnacra, mac Oonn- jaile, Decc. Cfpnac, mac pfpjupa, cijfpna Coca ^abaip, fcecc. pmpneacca, mac Ceallaij, pi Laijfn, Do jabdil cleipceacca. Oo Deachaib Qo6 Oipo- niDe co Oun Cuaip, co po poinn Laijniu ecep na Da TTlhuipeaDac, .1. 171 ui- pfoac, mac 17ua6pach, ~\ TTluipeaohach, mac 6pam.
Qoip Cpiopr, occ ccerc a haon. Qn naomao blia&ain DQoD Oipomoe. Congal, mac TTloenaicli, abb Slaine, put neccna, -| occh lo&an eipibe, ~\ Loic- each, ooccop bfnocaip, oecc. hi Colinm Chille Do lonnpab la hallmupacoib, •] pochaioe mop DO laochaib ~\ DO cleipcib Do mapbaD leo .1. occap ap cpfb
entire poem preserved in a vellum manuscript, in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 18. It is also quoted in the Leab/iar- Gabhala of the O'Clerys, p. 199.— See O'Eeilly's Descriptive Catalogue of Irish Writers, p. 55.
f Great wind.—" A. D. 803. Tonitruum vali- dum cum vento, et igne, in node feriam precedence Patricii dissipantes plurimos hominum, i. e. mille \et x. viros i tir Corco-Baiscinn ; et mare divisit insolam Fitae in tres paries; et ittud mare cum arena terram Fitee abscondit .i. med da boo deac do tir."— Ann. Ult.
" Greate tnunder with a greate wynde and fyre in node precedenti Patricii feriam dissipantes plurimos hominum, viz. 1010, betweene Corcabas- cinn and the rest of the country ; and the sea divided the Hand of Fihe into three parts ; and
the sea covered the land of Fihe with sand, i. e. the extent of twelve cows of land."-CW.(7far. 49.
"A. D. 801. There was such horrible and great thunder the next day before St. Patrick's day, that it put asunder a thousand and ten men between Corck-Bascynn and the land about it ; the sea divided an island there in three parts, the seas and sands thereof did cover the earth near it." — Ann. Clon.
g Island ofFitha. — According to the tradition in the country this is the island now called Inis-caerach, or Mutton Island, lying opposite Kilmurry-Ibrickan, in the west of the county of Clare. The whole of the barony of Ibrickan anciently belonged to the territory of Corca- Bhaiscinn. — See Dr. Todd's Irish Version of Nennius, p. 205.
800-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. , 411
Aedh Oirdnidhe afterwards went to the King of Leinster, and obtained his full demand from the Leinstermen ; and Finsneachta, King of Leinster, gave him hostages and pledges. There happened great windf, thunder, and light- ning, on the day before the festival of Patrick of this year, so that one thousand and ten persons were killed in the territory of Corca-Bhaiscinn, and the sea divided the island of Fitha* into three parts.
The Age of Christ, SOO^recte 805]. The eighth year of Aedh Oirdnidhe. Robhartach, Abbot of Beannchair [Bangor]; Muireadhach, son of Aimhirgin, Abbot of Leithghlinn ; Cuana, Abbot of Mainistir-Buite [Monasterboice] ; Mae- nach, son of Colganh, Abbot of Lusca [Lusk] ; Dubhdabhoireann Ua Dubhain, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird [Clonard] ; Fiangus, Abbot of Ros-Cre'; Cormac, son of Muirghius, Abbot of Baisleac [Baslick]; Fine, Abbess of Cill-dara, [died]. Cill-achaidh [Killeigh] was burned, with its new oratoryk. Muircheartach, son of Donnghal, lord of Breifne ; Maelbracha, son of Breslen, lord of Corca- Loighdhe1; and Finnachta, son of Donnghal, died. Cearnach, son of Fearghus, lord of Loch-Gabhair™, died. Finnshneachta, son of Ceallach, King of Leinster, entered into religion. Aedh Oirdnidhe went to Dun-Cuair", and divided Lein- ster between the two Muireadhachs, namely, Muireadhach, son of Ruadhrach, and Muireadhach, son of Bran.
The Age of Christ, 801. The ninth year of Aedh Oirdnidhe. Congal0, son of Maenach, Abbot of Slaine, who was a learned sage and a pure virgin ; [and] Loitheach, doctor of Beannchair [Bangor], died. Hi-Coluim-Cillep was plun- dered by foreigners ; and great numbers of the laity and clergy were killed by
h Maenach, son ofColgan — " A. D. 804. Moe- ' Corca-Loighdhe. — See note under A. D. 746,
nach mac Colgen, Lector bonus, lacrimabiliter and note ", under 1418, p. 832.
vitam finivit, Dubhdabhairenn hUa Dubain m Loch-Gabhair Otherwise written Loch-
princeps Cluana Iraird patribus suis additus est." Gobhair, now Loughgower, or Logore, near
— Ann. Ult. Dunshaughlin — See A. M. 3581, and A. D.
1 Ros-Cre. — Now Roscrea, in the barony of 675,781.
Ikerrin, and county of Tipperary, where St. " Dun-Cuair. — Now Eathcore in Meath See
Cronan, the son of Odhran, erected a monastery note under 799.
in the latter end of the sixth century. — See ° Congal. — " A. D. 805. Congal, mac Moenaig,
Ussher's Primordia, p. 969 ; and Archdall's albas Slaine, sapiens, in virginitate dormivit." —
Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 672. Ann. Ult.
k Oratory.— "A. D. 804. Cell-achaidh cum P Hi-Coluim-Cille.— " A. D. 805. Familia lae
oratorio novo ardescit." — Ann. Ult. occisa est a gentibus .i. Ix. octo." — Ann. Ult.
3 o2
412
[802.
piccib. plainupa, mac CionaeDa, cijfpna Ua Pailje, DO rhapbao i Raic Imjain. Ufp oa £lap DO lopccaD. pinnacca, mac Ceallaij, pi taijfn, DO jab'ail pije DO pi'Dipi. Connmach, bperheamh Ua m&piuin, Dej.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD a Do. Qn DfcmaD bliaDam bCtob OipDnibe. CfnOpaolaD, eppcop Cluana pfpca, ^cc- Glapiup, angcoipe, -| pcpib'neoip Loca Cpea, Decc. Lemnaca Cille manac Decc. Gcclap Choluim Chille hi cCfnannup DO DiocldicpiuccaD. Imp Tlfluipfohaijj Dolopccabla hallrhupachaib, "] a nool ipcej pop T?op Commain. Copbmac mac Oonjalaij, cijcjfpna an phocla, Decc. TTlupchaD Ua ploinn, cijfpna Ua piojemce, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochr cceD a cpf. Qn caenmaD bliaDain Decc DdoD. Uomap, eppcop pcpibneoip, i abb Linne Doachaill, paeljup, abb Cille hCtchaiD, [Decc]. pmpneacca, mac Ceallaij, pi Laijfn, Decc i cCill Dapa. Cinaeb, mac Concobaip, DO rhapbaD i TTlaij Coba la Cpuicmb. Sloijfoh la ITluip-
" A. D. 803. There was sixty-eight of the familie of fiugh of Columbkill slaiu by the Danes." — Ann. Clon.
q Raih-Imghain : i. e. Imghan's Fort, now Rathangan, a well-known town in the barony of Eastern Offaly, and county of Kildare. The rath, which gave name to this town, is still to be seen in a field near the church-yard, to the right of the road as you go from Rathangan to Edenderry. It is about 180 feet in diameter. — See note m, under A. D. 1546, p. 1495 ; and Cox's Hibernia Anglicana, pp. 79, 84.
" A. D. 805. Flaithnia, mac Cinaeda, rex Ne- potum Foilgi, jugvlatus est i rRaith-Imgain." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 803. Flathnia mac Kinoye, King of Ofialie, was killed in Rathangan." — Ann. Clon.
' Finnachta — "A. D. 805. Finsnechta mac Cellaig regnumsuum [rursus] accepit." — Ann. Ult.
• Judge — " A. D. 805. Connmach, Judex Ne- potum Briuin, moritur." — Ann. Ult
The year 801 of the Four Masters corre- sponds with 805 of the Annals of Ulster, which contain under that year the entries following, totally omitted by the former :
" A. D. 805. Pestilencia magna in Hibernia. Lex Patridi la Aedh mac Neill."
* Loch-Crea — This is called " Stagnum Cree" in the Life of St. Cronan, as quoted by Ussher (Primord., p. 969) : " In quo est insula modica, in qua est monasterium monachorum semper religiosissimorum." According to this life, St. Cronan of Roscrea had erected a cell near this lough (evidently at the place now called Cor- bally), before he erected his great church of Roscrea; but the church on the insula modica, which is the " Insula viventium" of Giraldus Cambrensis, and the Inis-Locha-Cre of the Irish writers, was dedicated to this St. Helair, or Hi- larius, referred to in the text, whose festival was there kept on the 7th of September, as ap- pears from O'Clery's Irish Calendar. This lough is now dried up, but the church, which is of considerable antiquity and of remarkably beau- tiful architecture, is still to be seen in ruins in the middle of a bog in the townland of Moin-na h-innse, anglice Monahincha, parish ofCorbally, barony of Ikerrin, and county of Tipperary, and about two miles to the south-east of Ros- crea. For an account of this wonderful island
802.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
413
them, namely, sixty-eight. Flaithiusa, son of Cinaedh, lord of Ui-Failghe, was slain at Rath-Imghainq. Tir-da-ghlas [Terryglass] was burned. Finnachta1, son of Ceallach, King of Leinster, took the government again. Connmhach, Judge8 of Ui-Briuin, died.
The Age of Christ, 802 [recte 807]. The tenth year of Aedh Oirdnidhe. Ceannfaeladh, Bishop of Cluain-fearta [Clonfert], died. Elarius, anchorite and scribe of Loch-Crea', died. Lemnatha of Cill-manachu died. The church of Coluim-Cille at Ceanannusw was destroyed. Inis-Muireadhaigh* was burned by foreigners, and they attacked Ros-Commain. Cormac, son of Donghalach, lord of the North, died. Murchadh Ua Flainn, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died.
The Age of Christ, 803 [recte 808]. The eleventh year of Aedh. Thomas, Bishop, Scribe, and Abbot of Linn-Duach ; [and] Faelghus, Abbot of Cill- achaidh, [died]. Finshneachta, son of Ceallach, King of Leinster, died at Cill- dara. Cinaedh, son of Conchobhar, was slain at Magh-Cobha, by the Cruithni
see Giraldus Cambrensis, Top. Hib., Dist. ii. c. 3 ; and Archdall's Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 667. In the Annals of Ulster the death of Elarius, ancorita et scriba Locha Crea, is entered under the year 806, and in the Annals of Clon- macnoise at 804, where he is called HiUarius.
u Cill-manach — Now Kilmanagh, in the ba- rony of Crannagh, and county of Kilkenny
See note under A. D. 780.
" Ceanannus — Now Kells, in the co. of Meath.
"A. D. 806. Constructio nove Civitatis Columbe Cille hi Ceninnus."— Ann. Uh.
" A. D. 804. There was a new church founded in Kells in honour of St. Colume." — Ann. Clon.
1 Inis-Muireadhaigh. — Now Inishmurry, an
island off the coast of the county of Sligo See
note under the years A. D. 747, 798. This entry is given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 806, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 804, thus:
"A. D. 806. Gentiles Combusserunt insolam Muredaich, et invadunt Roscommain." — Ann. UU.
" A. D. 804. The Danes burnt Inis-Moriey and invaded Roscomman." — Ann. Clon.
Most of the entries given by the Four Masters at the year 802 are to be found in the Annals of Ulster at 806, together with the following, totally omitted by the former:
" Condmach mac Duibdaleithi, abbas Ard- machffi subita morte periit. Occisio Artghaile, mac Cathasaig, regis Nepotum Cruinn na nAir- ther. Jugulatio Conaill mic Taidg o Conall mac Aedain i Ciunn-tire. Luna in sanguinem versa est. Bettum inter familiam Corcaighi, et familiam Cluana ferta Brendain, inter quas cedes innume- rabiles hominum Ecclesiasticorum et sublimium de famitia Corcaighi ceciderunt."
The Four Masters have intentionally omitted all the battles recorded in the older annals as having been fought between the ancient monas- tic establishments, but the Editor has inserted them in the notes to this edition. The eclipse of the moon recorded in the Annals of Ulster as having taken place in this year, shews that these annals are antedated by one year, for a total eclipse of the moon occurred in the year 807, on the 26th of February — See Art de Ver. les Dates, torn. i. p. 67-
414
awnaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN.
[804.
j;eap( mac Uomalcaij 50 cConnaccaib mime, Do congnam la Concobap, mac Oonnchaba, micOomnaill, DO millfoh peap TTlibe, co piacracap rip an aenaij. Cdmicc an pf, deb, oimbfjail pfp TTliDe,-] po cuip Concubap co na pocpaiDe i paon mabma epn, amail barafp mmoa -| cfcnaca (.1. caoipib). Ro loipc mpam an po ba caipipi DO Ohonnchab Do cpich TTlibe.
Goip Cpiopc, occ cceD a cfraip. Ctn oapa bliabam Oecc DGob OipDmbe. dob, abb ^linne Da Locha, TTlaolpocapcaij, mac plainn, abb pinoabpac abae, -| Cille monai, Deg. pinbil, banabb Cluana bponaij, -| Ounchu, abb Cealcha lep, Do mapbab. Cuciapan, ppioip Cluana, Deg,-] baecan Cluana ruaipceipc. lomaipecc la hUlcoib eccip Da mac piacna,-] po ppafneb pia cCaipell pop 6ocai6. lomaipfcc eicip Ui cCfmnpelaij, i ccopcaip Cellac, mac Oonnjaile. lonDpab nUla6 la hQob Oiponme, lap in pij, i nDiojail pdpaijce Scpfne pdopaicc pop Duncom. Uene Do coiniub Do mm, lap po mapbaD Daoine i nOeproij Qebain.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo a cuicc. Qn rpeap bliabain Decc DQeb OipD- nibe. Cairnia, abb Ooimliacc, Cijfpnach, lap po pocaijfb Oaipe TTIele, abb Cille acaib, 5uaiPe. a^b 5^inne D" lacha, -) TTlaolDuin, mac Oonnjaile,
y Tir-an-aenaigh : i. e. the Land of the Fair, This was the land of Tailtin, where the great national Irish fair was annually held, and where there is a hollow pointed out still called Lag- an-aenaigh, i. e. the hollow of the fair. — See note u, under A. M. 3370, where, for " near the Boyne," read " near the Sele or Blackwater River," which unites with the Boyne at Navan.
2 As if they were goals and sheep — Qriiail bacalp minoa -| cecnaoa. The word cecnaoa is glossed by caoipib, i. e. sheep, in the Stowe copy. Dr. O'Conor translates this, " quo tern- pore fuere onusti rebus pretiosis et pecoribus ;" but had he taken the trouble to compare the Irish text of the Four Masters with the Annals of Ulster he would have found that this was not the true meaning. The passage is given in the latter annals as follows :
" A. D. 607. Sloghadh Muirgissa, mic Tomal- taig, co Connachtaib, la Concobur, mac nDonncha co rigi tir an aenaig ; et fugerunt repente post
ires nodes, et migravit Aed, mac Neill, in obmam. eorrum, et combussit terminos Midi ; eorumquefuga capris et hinului simulata est."
* Finnabhair-abha.— According to the gloss on the Feilire-Aenguis, and O'Clery's Irish Ca- lendar, this place is on the margin of the River Boinn, in Bregia. It is now called Fennor, and is situated on the River Boyne, in the parish of the same name, in the barony of Lower Duleek, and county of Meath. — See the Ordnance Map of Meath, sheet 19. Neachtain, a disciple of St. Patrick, and the son of his sister, Liemania, is set down in the Irish Calendars as the patron saint of this place, where his festival was kept on the 2nd of May.
b Citt-monai: i. e. Church of the Bog, now Kilmoone, in the barony of Skreen, and county of Meath.
° Tealach-lias : i.e. Hill of the Huts or Cabins, now Tullalease, an old church in the barony of Orrery, in the north of the county of Cork.
804.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 415
[of Dal-Araidhe]. A hosting by Muirgheas, son of Tomaltach, with the Con- naughtmen about him, to assist Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh, son of Domh- nall, to destroy the men of Meath, and they arrived at Tir-an-aenaighy. The king, Aedh, came to protect the men of Meath; and he drove Conchobhar and his forces to flight out of it, as if they were goats and sheep". He afterwards burned that part of the country of Meath which was dearest to Donnchadh.
The Age of Christ, 804 \rectd 809]. The twelfth year of Aedh Oirdnidhe. Aedh, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha ; Maelfothartaigh, son of Flann, Abbot of Finnabhair-abhaa and Cill-monaib, died. Finbil, Abbess of Cluain-Bronaigh, and Dunchu, Abbot of Tealach-liasc, were slain. Cuciarain, Prior of Cluain[-mic- Nois] , and Baedan, of Cluain-tuaisceirtd, died. A battle by the Ulidians between the two sons of Fiachna, and Cairell defeated Eochaidh. A battle between [two parties of] the Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, in which Ceallach, son of Donnghall, was slain. The plundering of Ulidia by Aedh Oirdnidhe, the king, in revenge of the profanation of the shrine of Patrick6, against Dunchu. Fire came from heaven, by which persons were killed in Dearthach-Aedhain'.
The Age of Christ, 805 [recte 810]. The thirteenth year of Aedh Oird- nidhe. Caithnia, Abbot of Daimhliag ; Tighernach, by whom Daire-Melle* was founded, Abbot of Cill-achaidhh; Guaire, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha ; and Mael-
" A. D. 808. The killing of Duncho, prince where the memory of St. Nuadhan is still held
of Tulach-less, in Patric's Shrine's place, in the in veneration — See note p, under A. D. 1 330,
abbot of Tulach-less his house." — Ann. UU. Cod. p. 546, infra. Clarend., torn. 49. " A. D. 508. Ignis celestis percussit vlrum in
d Cluain-tuaisceirt : i. e. the North Lawn, or Oratorio Nodan." — Ann. UU. Meadow, now Clontuskert, near Lanesborough, g Daire-MeUe. — Id est quercetum sive roboretum
in the barony of South Ballintober, and county Sanctce Mette. This place is described as on the
of Roscommon — See note ", under A. D. 1244, margin of Loch Melghe, now Lough Melvin, in
p. 310; and Archdall's Monasticon Hibernicum,' the Lower Breifne. A nunnery was erected
p. 607.- here by St. Tighernach for his mother Melle,
" The shrine of Patrick. — See A. D. 784. who died here before the year 787 See Col-
" A. D. 808. The spoyle of Ulster by Hugh gan's Acta Sanctorum, p. 796. This name is
mac Nell, for the dishonoring of the Shrine now unknown. The place is situated in the
upon Dunchu." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., 49- parish of Rossinver, barony of Rossclogher, and
' Dearthach Aedhain. — Called Oratorium Nodan county of Leitrim.
in the Annals of Ulster. This oratory was pro- h CUl-achaidh : i. e. Church of the Field. The
bably at Disert-Nuadhain, now Eastersnow, exact situation of this place is nowhere pointed
near Elphin, in the county of Roscommon, out. Archdall places it in the county of Cavan,
416
[806.
pepcijip QpDa TTlaca, oecc. TTlaolporhapraij, .1. pcpibnfo, mac QeDjaile, abb Cdpeccail Oachiapoj, 065. Qnluan, mac Concobaip, cijfpna CliDne, 065. Uabg 1 plairma, Da rhac TTluipjfpa, mic Uomalcaij, DO rhapbaD la Luijmb, 1 pdpujaD Luigne la TTlmpsfp ma noiojail. Laoch Do Luijnib aDpubaipc :
T?o rhapb TTTuipjfp mo mac pa, ba po mop po oom cepi, dp meipi impubaipr cailcc pop bpa^aiD 'CaiDj; Dap eipi.
Cachal, mac piacpach, njfpna Racha aipcip -| pfp ccul, Decc. 5°linv jal, mac OinDajhaigh, abb Qpoa TTlaca -\ Cluana heoaip, Decc.
Qoip C'piopc, ochc cceD a pe. Qn cfrpamaD blia&am Decc oQoD Oipo- m&e. Uuacjal, abb ppuice Cluana, blacmac hUa TTTuipbeabaip, abb Oeap- maije, Oimman QpaD, anjcoipe [Decc]. UepbaD aijae oenaij Uailcfn Dia Sacaipn, co na paachc each na cappac la hQeD, mac Neill, .1. mumcip Camlachcae Do Dapopba rpe papujab ceapmainoUaihlacca TTlaelpuain Do Uib Neill. Oo pac QeD OipDniDe lapom a noijpiap DO muinnp Uamlachra, maille pe hapcaboib lie. Ip in mbliabainpi caimc an Cele De Don paippcce
but there is no place now bearing the name in that county. The festival of St. Tighernach was kept here on the 4th of November. — Ada Sanctorum, p. 796.
1 Maelduin " A. D. 809. Maelduin mac
Donngaile, equonimus Ardmachse, nwitur." — .Ann. UU.
k Airegal-Dachiarog : i. e. St. Dachiarog's residence, or habitation, now Errigalkeeroge, in the barony of Clogher, and county of Tyrone, —See note under A. D. 1380 and 1557.
1 Rath-Airthir and Feara-Cul. — Rath-airthir is the ancient name of Oristown, near Teltown, and Feara-Cul was the name of a district com^ prising the baronies of Upper and Lower Kells, in the county of Meath — See note p, under A. D. 693, p. 297 ; and note f, under 784.
m Religious seniors. — The word sruithe is' trans- lated seniores by Colgan in Trias Thaum., p. 298, and sapientes by Ussher in Primordia, p. 895. In the old English version of the Annals of Ulster, in Cod. Clarend,, torn. 49, the death of
this abbot is noticed thus :
"A. D. 810. Tuahgall, Abbas sapiens Clona, moritur ;" but in Dr. O'Conor's edition, p. 197, the reading is : " Tuathgal, Ab. Sruithe Cluana, moritur."
° Dearmhach. — Now Durrow, in the King's County. " A. D. 810. Strages Gentilium in Ulster. Blathmack, nepos Muirdivar, Abbot of Dorowe, died."— Ann. UU. Cod. Clarend., 49.
0 Aradh. — Now the barony of Arra, or Du- harra, in the county of Tipperary.
p The prevention — " Ceapbao .1. oealu ja6." ^—O'Clery. "CeapBao.i. lonnapba no oea- lu ja6." — D. Mac Firbis.
q Celebration G£a .1. cup, uc epr, boi
Qilell -| ITIeob aj aja in aonai j, i. e. agha, to carry on, celebrate, as, " Ailell and Medhbh were celebrating the fair." — MS., T. C. D., H.3. 18, fol. 232.
r Prevented it. — tDapopbar .1. o'a coipmeajx:. " Ropben .1, coipmeapc, prevent." — Old Gloss, MS., T. C.D., H. 2. 15.
806.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 417
duin', son of Donnghal, OEconomus of Ard-Macha, died. Maelfothartaigh, i. e. the scribe, son of Aedhghal, Abbot of Airegal-Dachiarogk, died. Anluan, son of Conchobhar, lord of Aidhne, died. Tadhg and Flaithnia, two sons of Muir- gheas, son of Tomaltach, were slain by the Luighni ; and Luighne [Leyny] was laid waste by Muirgheas, in revenge of them. A hero of the Luighni said :
Muirgheas slew my son, which very much wounded me ;
It was I that struck the sword into the throat of Tadhg afterwards.
Cathal, son of Fiachra, lord of Kath-Airthir and Feara-Cul1, died, Gorm- ghal, son of Dindaghaigh, Abbot of Ard-Macha and Cluain-Eois, died.
The Age of Christ, 806 [rectf 811]. The fourteenth year of Aedh Oird- nidhe. Tuathghal, Abbot of the religious seniors01 of Cluain ; Blathmac Ua Muirdheabhair, Abbot of Dearmhach"; and Dimman of Aradh0, anchorite, died. The prevention1" of the celebration9 of the fair of Tailtin, so that neither horse nor chariot was run, by Aedh, son of Ni'all ; i. e. the family of Tamhlacht pre- vented itr, in consequence of the violation of Termon8 of Tamhlacht-Maelruain. Aedh Oirdnidhe afterwards gave their full demand to the family of Tamhlacht, together with many gifts'. In this year the Ceile-Deiu came over the sea, with
• The violation of the Termon : pdpu^ao Ceap- Tallagh, of the monarch's chariot horses; this step
Ttiaino : i. e. the violation of the sanctuary, or having been taken by them in consequence of
plundering of the termon lands of the monas- the violation of their free territory by the
tery of Tallaght, near Dublin. The old trans- O'Neills. It is added, that ample reparation
lator of the Annals of Ulster renders it: "after was made to the monastery of Tallagh, as well
dishonoring of the privilege of Taulaght-Mael- as gifts in addition bestowed upon it by the
ruain by the O'Neylls." king."
« With many gifts.—" Posted familie Tamlachtse u The Ceile-Dei : i. e. the Vassal of God. This
multa munera reddita sunt." — Ann. Ull. The old term is usually latinized Ccelicola or Colideus,
translator of the Annals of Ulster and Doctor and anglicised Culdee. This entry is not in the
O'Conor have mistaken the grammatical con- Annals of Ulster or Clonmacnoise. It has been
struction of the language of this passage ; and also copied by the Four Masters into their
Mr. Moore, who has helped to perpetuate the Leabhar-Gabhala, but where they found it the
errors of O'Conor, in his own clear and beau- Editor has not been able to determine. Dr.
tiful style, throughout his History of Ireland, O'Conor, in a note to this passage in his edition
notices this event as follows, in vol. ii. p. 24 : of the Annals of the Four Masters, p. 315, con-
"In the year 806, say the annalists, a violent jectures that the Culdees were of Druidic origin,
interruption of the Taltine sports took place, and that after the reception of Christianity they
owing to the seizure and retention, by the monks of retained some of their pagan tenets :
3H
418
[807-
a nofp copaibh ciopmaib cen fchap iDip,-] Do bepcea pouajj pcpiobca Do mm 66 cpiap a nDenab ppoicfpc DO 5^aoiDe^ai^) 1 Do beipci p uap Dopfbipi f an can caipccfb an ppocfpc. No ceighfb an mac fccailpi cech laoi oapp an paippge pobfp lap ccaipccpm an ppoicfpca. dp innce Dna Do pijnfb puil Do na baipjfnuib, ~\ no pilfb an puil eipcib occa ccfpccab. Qp innce beop no cancaoip na heom an cancain baonoa. Qomoep, mjfn Qeba Laijfn, Oecc ma pfnoacai lap noeijbfchaiD. Connmach, mac OuibDaleice, abb Qpoa TTlacha, DO ecc 50 hopann.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo a peachc. (In cuicceaD blmDain oecc oQo6 OiponiDe. plann, mac Ceallaij, abb pionnjlaipi, pcpib'neoip, anjcoipe, i eppcop, Deg. Gochaib.eppcop -\ angcoipe, comapba, Tllaelpuain Camlachca, Cobcac, abb Saijpe, Cacapac, mac Qo6a, ppioip Qpoa TTlaca, -\ abb ceall niomba ele,-| plaicbfpcach, mac Coipppe, abb Cille moipe Grhip, Decc. Qbel bepchi 065. GochaiD, mac piachna, mic Qeba T?6in, pf Ulab, ~\ Caipeall, a bpacaip, Do cabaipc cacha Diapoile, gup po meaBaib pop GochaiD. plann, macCon^alai^, cijfpnaCiannacca, Qob T?6m cijfpnaCopca baipcinD, Decc. Qp la piopa Urhaill pop allmupachaib. Qp la hallmupacaib pop Chon- maicnibh. Qp Calpaije Cuipg la hUib bpiuin. Qp la hUib mic Uaip pop Copcapoibe TTlibe. Qp la Cobcac mac TTlaileDuin, cijeapna Coca Cein, pop allmupachaib. Copgpach, mac Nialljupa, cijfpna 5ar^Puir> 1 Cfpnach,
"Ordo erat religiosa, antiquitus, ni fallor, Druidica, quse abjecto Ethnicismo, et Christ! fide amplexa, nonnulla tamen veterum instituta servasse videtur. Colideorum austeritate, et aliquando etiam fictis miraculis, vulgi simpli- citas decepta erat."
But this is a mere conjecture, as there exists not the shadow of an authority to shew that the pagan Irish had any religious order called Ceile-De.
' Converted into Mood. — Literally, " that blood was made of the cakes." These strange events are not noticed in the Annals of Ulster. They were evidently regarded as ominous of the cala- mities brought upon the Irish by the Scandina- vian invaders. The Saxon Chronicle also notices, at the year 793, dire forewarnings of the cala-
mities brought on the Northumbrians by the heathen men.
1 Admoer. — " A. D. 810. Admoer, ingin Aida Laigen, in senectute bona mortua est." — Ann. UU.
y Connmhach. — According to the Catalogue of the Archbishops of Armagh, in the Psalter of Cashel, Connmacus was Primate for fourteen years. Harris makes him succeed in 798, and die in 807. — See his edition ofWare's Bishops, p. 42.
' Cill-mor-Emhir. — See notes under the year 745 and 765.
' Conmaicni : i. e. the People of Connamara, in the west of the county of Gal way.
"A. D. 810. There was a great slaughter of these of larhar-Connaught by the Danes." — Ann. Clon.
8070 ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 419
dry feet, without a vessel ; and a written roll was given him from heaven, out of which he preached to the Irish, and it was carried up again when the sermon was finished. This ecclesiastic used to go every day southwards across the sea, after finishing his preaching. It was in it [i. e. this year], moreover, that the cakes were converted into bloodw, and the blood flowed from them when being cut. It was in it also the birds used to speak with human voice. Admoer*, daughter of Aedh Laighen, died at an advanced age, after a well-spent life. Connmhachy, son of Dubhdalethe, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died suddenly.
The Age of Christ, 807 [recte 812]. The fifteenth year of Aedh Oirdnidhe. Flann, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Finnghlais, scribe, anchorite, and bishop, died. Eochaidh, bishop and anchorite, successor of Maelruain of Tamhlacht ; Cobh- thach, Abbot of Saighir ; Cathasach, son of Aedh, Prior of Ard-Macha, and abbot of many other churches ; and Flaithbheartach, Abbot of Cill-mor-Emhir", died. Abel Berchi died. Eochaidh, son of Fiachna, son of Aedh Roin, and Caireall, his brother, gave battle to each other, in which Eochaidh was defeated. Flann, son of Conghalach, lord of Cianachta ; Aedh Roin, lord of Corca-Bhais- cinn, died. A slaughter was made of the foreigners by the men of Umhall. A slaughter was made of the Conmaicni" by the foreigners. The slaughter of Calraighe-Luirgb by the Ui-Briuin. A slaughter was made of the Ui-Mic-Uais by the Corca-Roidhec of Meath. A slaughter was made of the foreigners by Cobhthach, son of Maelduin, lord of Loch-Leind. Cosgrach, son of Niallghus,
"A. D. 811. The slaughter of the Gentiles defeat of the Danish fleet by the Scoti of Hi-
by the men of Uvall, and the slaughter of Con- bernia.
vaicne by the Gentiles. The slaughter of the b Calraighe-Luirg — A sept of the Calraighe
Gentiles by the Maunsterians, viz., by Covhach seated in the territory of Magh-Luirg, in the
mac Maoileduin, kinge of Loch Lein." — Ann. county of Koscommon. Ult., Cod. Clarend., 49. c Corca-Roidhe — Now the barony of Corkaree,
Dr. O'Conor, in his edition of the Annals of in the county of Westmeath. These were di-
Ulster, p. 198, quotes Eginhart, who, in his vided from the Ui-Mic-Uais by the Eiver Eithne
Annals of the Achievements of Carolus Magnus, or Inny. The latter were seated in and gave
has the following passage under the year 812: name to the adjoining barony of Moygoish. " Classis Nordmannorum Hiberniam Scottorum d Loch-Lein : i. e. Lord of Eoghanacht-Locha
Insulam aggressa, commisso prslio cum Scotis, Lein, a territory comprised in the present
parte non modica Nordmannorum interfecta, county of Kerry. Loch Lein was originally
turpiter fugiendo domum reversa est." He applied to the lakes at Killarney. — See note k,
also quotes Egolismensis, who also notices the under A. M. 3579, p- 39, supra.
3 n2
420 awNQta Rioghachca eiReaNN. [808.
mac plaicnia cijfpna, TTlujoopn mbpeacch, 065. Uopbach, mac pcpibnm, lejcoip, -) abb Qpoa TTlaca epiDe [Decc]. Do Chenel Ti/opbaij;, .1. O Ceallaig bpeaj, ~\ po ba Dibhpibe Conn na mbocr po baf hi cCluain mic Noip, i ap aipe acbeipci Conn na mbochc ppip, ap a meD Dobocraib no biacaoh DO jpep.
Qoip Cpiopc, ocr cceo a hochr. Qn peipfb bliabain Decc DGoD. Conall, mac Daimrij, abb Upeoic, Ceallac, mac Gachoach, abb Cille Uoma, pfp- aohach, mac Scanoail, pcpibneoip -] abb QchaiD bo Cainnij, •] Conjalcach, mac Gcjuini, ppioip Cluana peapca, Decc. Ounlaing, mac planncha6a, cijeapna Ua nGachach [oecc]. lomaipeacc ecip piopa Urhaill ~\ allrhupaij, in po Ia6 ap ppfp nUrhaill, -| i ccopcaip Copccpach mac plamnab'pac, •; Dunabac, cijfpna Urhaill. Uoicreach Ua Uijfpnaij .1. 6 Uhip lomclaip, abb Qpoa macha, DO ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo a naoi. Ctn peaccmab bliaoain Decc oQob. 6cippcel, mac Ceallaij, eppcop ~\ abb ^1nne °cc loca, pebilmm, abb Cille TTlomne, angcoipe -| pcpibneoip ofppcaijce, poipceallac pobaip, abb Cluana mic Noip, DO ^haileangaib mopaib 66, Opcanac, abb Cille poibpi j, Cionaob, mac Ceallaij, eppcop -| aipcinoeach Upelecc, pfpaDhach, abb Saijpe, TTlaolDuin, eppcop "| aipcinoeach Gachopomma, t>lacmac, mac Qolgupa, abb Ufpe Da jlap, Ronan Ua LocDeipc eppcop, blacmac, Dalra Colgan, abb Innpi bo pinne, i Suibne, macTTlaonaij, pfpcijip Sldine, 065. T^uachal, mac
" Garbhros : i. e. the Rough Wood. Situation Scriba, Lector, et Abbas Ardmachanus obiit. Fuit
unknown. ex Kinel-Torbaich .i. Hui Kellaich regionis Bre-
1 Mughdhorna-Breagh. — A sept of the Oirghi- garum oriundus; ex quibus etiamfuit Constantius
alia seated in Bregia, in East Meath, but their cognomento Pauperum, qui claruit Cluanmacnosice,
exact position has not been determined. They et sic cognominatus est quia consuevit multos pau-
are to be distinguished from the Mughdhorna- peres quotidie alere."
Maighen, who were seated in and gave name to h Scannal. — " A. D. 812. Feradach, mac Scan-
the barony of Cremorne, in the county of nail, scriba et sacerdos, Abbas Achaboo, feliciter
Monaghan. vitam finwit." —Ann. Ult.
5 Torbach — He is given in the list of the ' Umhall. — Now the Owles, comprising the
Archbishops of Armagh, in the Psalter of Cashel, baronies of Murresk and Burrishoole, in the
as Primate for one year. This passage is trans- county of Mayo.
lated by Colgan as follows, in Trias Thaum., "A. D. 812. The slaughter of them of Uval
P- 294 : by the Gentiles, where fell Coscrach mac Flan-
" A. D. 807. 8. Torbacus, Jilius Gormani, navrad and Dunaach, king of U vail." — Ann. Ult.,
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
421
lord of Garbhros6, and Cearnach, son of Flaithnia, lord of Mughdhorna-Breagh', died. Torbachg, son of Gorman, scribe, lector, and Abbot of Ard-Macha, [died]. He was of the Cinel-Torbaigh, i. e. the Ui-Ceallaigh-Breagh ; and of these was Conn na rabocht, who was at Cluain-mic-Nois, who was called Conn na mbocht from the number of paupers which he always supported.
The Age of Christ, 808 [recte 813]. The sixteenth year of Aedh. Conall, son of Daimhtheach, Abbot of Treoit ; Ceallach, son of Eochaidh, Abbot of Cill-Toma ; Fearadhach, son of ScannaP, scribe and Abbot of Achadh-bo-Cain- nigh ; and Conghaltach, son of Etguini, Prior of Cluain-fearta, died. Dunlaing, son of Flannchaidh, lord of Ui-Eathach, died. A battle between the men of Umhair and the foreigners, in which the men of Umhall were slaughtered, and Cosgrach, son of Flannabhrat, and Dunadhach, lord of Umhall, were slain. Toictheach Ua Tighearnaigh, of Tir-Imchlair, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 809 [recte 814]. The seventeenth year of Aedh. Edir- scel, son of Ceallach, Bishop and Abbot of Gleann-da-locha ; Feidhlimidh, Abbot of Cill-Moinnek, anchorite and celebrated scribe ; Foircheallach of Fobhar, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, one of the Gaileanga-Mora1 ; Orthanach, Abbot of Cill-Foibrigh ; Cinaedh, son of Ceallach, Bishop and Airchinneach of Treleccm; Fearadhach, Abbot of Saighir ; Maelduin, Bishop and Airchin- neach of Eachdhruim ; Blathmac, son of Aelghus, Abbot of Tir-da-ghlas ; Ronan Ua Lochdeirc, bishop ; Blathmac, fosterson of Colgan, Abbot of Innis-bo-finne ; and Suibhne", son of Maenach, (Economus of Slaine, died. Tuathal, son of
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
k Cill-Moinne — This is called Cill-monai at the year 804 ; now Kilmoone, in the barony of Skreen, and county of Meath.
" A. D. 813. Fedilimid, Abbas Cille-moinni, et moer Breg o Phatruic, Ancorita precipuus, scriba et doctor Cluana-miccunois, dormivit." — Ann. Ult.
"Felim, Abbot of Killmoinni and Serjeant of Bregh from Patrick, a chief anchorite and an excellent scribe, happily ended his life." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. By " moer Bregh o Phatruic''' in this passage, is meant Collector of Patrick's dues in Bregia, i. e. the person appointed by the Archbishop of Armagh to collect Patrick's
tribute in Bregia.
1 Gaileanga-Mora : i. e. the inhabitants of the barony of Morgallion, in the county of Meath.
m Trelecc — Now Trillick, in the barony of Omagh, and county of Tyrone. In the Annals of Ulster, at the year 813, this place is called Trelic-moer, which Dr. O'Conor explains, "Mo- nasterii seu oppidi Magni Tralee ;" but he is in error, as the town of Tralee in Kerry is never called Trelic in Irish, but Traigh Li — See note *, under A. D. 1468, p. 1052.
" Suibhne. — "A. D. 813. Suibne, mac Moenaig equonimus et, Gormgal, mac Neill, filii Fergaile, mortui sunt." — Ann. Ult.
422
[810.
Oubcae, pcpibneoip, egnam, ~| ooccop Cluana mic Noip, -| boelgaile ClcaiDh uip, Decc. bpoean, mac Ruabpach, cpeanpfp Caijfn, Niall, mac Geba,' cijfpna Ua Copbmaic, Oecc. bpuaoap, cijeapna Ua piojeince, 065.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo a oeic. Ctn cochcrhab bliabam Decc oGob Oiponibe. Ceallac, mac Conjaile, abb lae Cholaim Chille, Concobap, abb Saijpe, Cele iopa, abb Cille TTloinne, TTlaolcanaij, anjcoipe Lujrhaib, Cac- apac, abb Cille Ice, 5°rm^a1^. In5^n phlairnar, banabb Cluana bponaij, [l] TTluipjfp, mac Comalcaij [acaip Uhaib^ rhoip, pi Connacc], pi Connacc, oecc. Colman, mac Neill, Do mapb'aD la Cenel cConaill. Cach la hQob laparh pop Cenel Conaill, i ccopcaip Rojeallac mac plaicjfpa. Opgam Cluana cpfma, ~\ gum Daeine moi Dpeapaib bpeipne, "| Do Sfol cCacail. Conall, mac Neill, cijeapna Depceapc bpeajjh, Decc. pocapca, mac Ceap- naij leccoipeac oeipceipr bpej, Decc. Nuaba, abb Qpoa ITlacha DO Dol 50 Connachcaibh. Sluacchab la hQe6 nOipomDe pop Cenel cConaill oia noopcaip Rojallac, mac plaichiupa.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceo a haonDecc. Qn nomaD bliabam Decc DCtooh.
" Hero of Leinster. — "A. D. 813. Broen mac Euadrach satrapa Legenorum moritur."-Ann. Ult.
p Ui-Cormaic. — There were several tribes of this name in Ireland, as Ui-Cormaic-Moen- maighe, in Connaught; Ui-Cormaic, in Iveagh, in the now county of Down ; and Ui-Cormaic, near Sliabh Callain, in Thomond. The year 809 of the Four Masters corresponds with 813 of the Annals of Ulster, under which the fol- lowing curious entries occur, which have been totally omitted by the Four Masters :
"A. D. 813. Sloghadh la Muirgius ocus For- cellach for Uv Maine Deisceirt, ubi plurimi in- terfecti sunt innocentes. Bellum inter Laginenses invicem, ubi Nepotes Cennselaig prostrati sunt et filii Briuin victoriam acceperunt. Ceallach Abbas lae, finita constructione templi Cenindsa, reliquit principatum et Diarmicius alumpnus Daigri pro eo ordinatus est. Lex Quiarani for Cruaohna elevata est la Muirgius. Saeth mor ocus trom
galair." [Great sadnes and heavie diseases
Cod. Clarend., 49.]
On Diarmicius alumpnus Daigri, above men- tioned, Dr. O'Conor has the following note in his edition of the Annals of Ulster, p. 199:
" Hie est ille Diarmitius, de quo Quatuor Magistri, ad annum 816, serse communis 821, inquiunt : ' Diarmitius, Abbas Hiiensis, cum scrinio S. Columbas, exHiberniarediitAlbaniam.' Unde sequitur falsum esse, corpora SS. Patricii, Brigidae, et Columbs, in eodem tumulo condita fuisse, Duni in Ultonia, ante annum 821." . i Cille-Ite : i. e. the Church of St. Ite, or Ide, now Killeedy, in the barony of Upper Connello, and county of Limerick, where there are some remains of a beautiful ancient Irish church. The place was otherwise called Cluain Creadhail. — See note ', under the year 546, p. 184, supra.
' Father of. — The words enclosed in brackets are interpolated in a modern hand in the Stowe copy.
8 Cluain-cremriha, — Now Clooncraff, situated to the east of Elphin, in the county of Roscom- mon — See note m, under A. D. 747, p. 350,
810.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 423
Dubhta, scribe, wise man, and doctor of Cluain-mic-Nois, and Boelgaile of Ach- adh-ur, died. Broean, son of Eudhrach, hero of Leinster0; Niall, son of Aedh, lord of Ui-Cormaicp, died. Bruadar, lord of Ui Fidhgeinte, died.
The Age of Christ, 810 [rectd 815]. The eighteenth year of Aed Oird- nidhe. Ceallach, son of Conghal, Abbot of la-Coluim-Chille ; Conchobhar, Abbot of Saighir ; Ceile-Isa, Abbot of Cill-Moinne ; Maelcanaigh, anchorite of Lughmhadh ; Cathasach, Abbot of Cille-Iteq; Gormlaith, daughter of Flaith- niath, Abbess of Cluain-Bronaigh ; and Muirgheas, son of Tomaltach [the father of r Tadhg Mor, King of Connaught] , King of Connaught, died. Colman, son of Niall, was slain by the Cinel-Conaill. A battle was afterwards fought by Aedh against the Cinel-Conaill, in which Rogheallach, son of Flaithgheas, was slain. The plundering of Cluain-creamha8, and the slaying within it of some of the men of Breifne, and of the Sil-Cathail1. Conall, son of Niall, lord of South Breagh, died. Focharta, son of Cearnach, half-chieftain of South Breagh, died. Nuadha, Abbot of Ard-Macha, went to Connaught. A hosting was made by Aedh Oirdnidhe against the Cinel-Conaill, by which Roghallach", son of Flaithghius, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 811 [recte 816]. The nineteenth year of Aedh.
supra; and note c, under A. D. 1451, p. 975, It looks rather remarkable here that what is
infra. made orgain, plunder, by the Four Masters, is
* Sil-Cathail. — Otherwise Clann-Cathail, i.e. made organorum in Latin, by the compiler of
the race or progeny of Cathal. This was the the Annals of Ulster. The probability seems
name of a sept of the Sil-Muireadhaigh, the to be that the compiler of the Annals of Ulster
chief of whom, after the establishment of sur- mistook the Irish word orgain, plunder, for
names, took that of O'Flanagan. They were orgain, organa, organs ; but Dr. O'Conor, who
seated in the barony and county of Roscommon. thinks that the passage is genuine, adds, in a
— See note ', under A. D. 1289, p. 448. note to the Annals of Ulster, p. 199 :
" Roghattach, fyc. — This is a repetition, but " Sinceritate horum Annalium minime officit.
the Editor thinks it better not to strike it out, Organa in Ecclesiasticis officiis ad Psalmodiam,
as it stands so in the autograph copy at Stowe. ab antiquissimis temporibus in Ecclesia Orien-
" A. D. 814. Direptio organorum Ecclesiae tali usurpari solita, nee nuperum esse inventum
Clooncreve, et jugulatio hominis intra Ecclesiam in Ecclesia occidentali, jam an tea, in Annota-
ab incolis Brehnai et Sil-Cathail." — Ann. Ult. tione 2, ad speculum viii. satis dilucide demon-
" The taking away of the organ s of Clonk reva, stravi, ex S. Augustino in Psal. 56, ex Isidore,
and the hurting of a man within the church, by 1. 2 ; Orig. c. 20 ; Amalaris, 1. 3, c. 3, de Eccl.
the men of Brehni and by Kindred Cahail."— Offic.; etex Monachi S. Gallensis, 1. i. c. 10, de
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. Gestis Caroli Magni supra, p. 153, &c."
424
[812.
Suibne, mac Cuanach, abb Cluana mic Noip, DO hlM 6pium Seola Do, -] lopep, pcpibneoip Roppa Commdin, Oecc. Ceallach, mac TTluipjiupa, abb Opoma capaD [oecc]. Cluain mic Noip DO lopccaoh. lap crpiocaicc laice lapamh po ppaoineao pia nOiapmaiD, mac Uomalcaij, pop Llib piacpach TTIuipipce. l?o loipcceab 1 po haipcceab poibpen i cpich ^paicpige, 1 T10 mapbaic pochaibe ann. Cuaral, mac Oomnaill, njfpria Gipap Cippe, Oun- £al, mac Cuanach, cijfpna pfp T?oip, lopjjalac, mac TTlaolumha, cijfpna Copca Sojam, Nuaoha Coca hUama, eppcop, ancoipe, -] abb Clpoa ITlaca, 065.
Qoip Cpiopc, ocr cceo a Do Decc. Qn pichfcmab bliabam oQo6. Uio- bpaice, mac Cecepnaij, abb Cluana peapca bpenamn, TTlaolruile, abb benncaip, CoriDrhac, mac Donaic, abb Copcaije, Cumapjac, mac Cfpnai^, pfpcijip Qpoa TTlaca [oecc]. Oepceac pobaip DO lopccaD. Carol, mac
" Ui-Briuin- Seola : i. e. the race of Brian of Magh-Seola, a sept seated in the present barony
of Clare, and county of Galway See O'Fla-
herty's Chorographical Description of West Con- naught, edited by Mr. Hardiman for the Irish Archaeological Society, p. 368.
1 Druim-caradh. — Now Drumcar, a townland in a parish of the same name, in the barony of Ferrard, and county of Louth — See the year 868, where this place is referred to as in Ard Cianachta, now the barony of Ferrard. See also Colgan's Trias Tkaum., p. 173. Archdall identifies this with Drumcree, in the barony of Delvin, and county of Westmeath, but this was a mere guess, and is obviously erroneous.
y Foibhren. — See note ', under the year 754, p. 357, supra.
* Graicrighe — Otherwise called Greagraighe, a territory comprising the present barony of Coolavin, in the county of Sligo, and a consi- derable portion of the north of the present county of Roscommon. The hill of Druim- Greagraighe, and the church of Cill-Curcaighe, now Kilcorkey, near Belanagare, in the county of Roscommon, are referred to in the Irish an-
nals and calendars as in this territory:
"A. D. 815. The breaking of a battle upon the O'Fiachrachs of Mursce, by Diarmaid mac Tomaltai, who burnt and praied Foivren in Gregrai, where many ignobles were killed." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
• Airthear-Liffe — Otherwise written Oirthear- Liffe. That part of the present county of Kil- dare, embraced by the River Liffey in its cir- cuitous course, was anciently known by this
, name See note ', under A. M. 628, p. 250,
supra.
b Feara-Rois. — A tribe seated in the south of the present county of Monaghan, and in the adjoining parts of the counties of Louth and
Meath See note ', on Dubh-chomar, under
A. D. 322, p. 122, supra.
" Corca-Soghain : i. e. race of Soghan Sal- bhuidhe, son of Fiacha Araidhe, King of Ulster. There were three distinct tribes of this race in Ireland : one in the barony of Tiaquin, and county of Galway; another in the barony of Farney, in the county of Monaghan ; and the third in, Meath. — See Tribes and Customs ofHy- Many, pp. 72, 159-
812.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
425
Suibhne, son of Cuanach, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, one of the Ui-Briuin-Seolaw; and Joseph, scribe of Ros-Commain, died. Ceallach, son of Muirghius, Abbot of Druim-caradh*, [died]. Cluain-mic-Nois was burned. In thirty days after- wards a victory was gained by Diarmaid, son of Tomaltach, over the Ui-Fiach- rach-Muirisce. Foibhreny, in the territory of Graicrighez was burned and plundered, and numbers were slain there. Tuathal, son of Domhnall, lord of Airthear-Liffe8; Dunghal, son of Cuana, lord of Feara-Koisb; Irghalach, son of Maelumha, lord of Corca-Soghainc; Nuadhad of Loch-Uamhae, bishop, anchorite, and abbot of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 812 [recte 817]. The twentieth year of Aedh. Ti- braide, son of Cethernach, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn ; Maeltuile, Abbot of Beannchair ; Connmhach, son of Donat, Abbot of Corcach ; Cumasgach, son of Cearnach, CEconomus' of Ard-Macha, [died]. The oratory8 of Fobhar was
* Nuadha. — Colgan gives a life of this saint at 19th January. The Annals of Ulster agree with those of the Four Masters in the date of this Nuadha's death. In most other entries at this period they differ about four years, the Four Masters being five years, and the Annals of Ulster one year antedated.
• Loch- Uamha : i. e. Lake of the Cave. The situation of this lake has not yet been identified, though it was Well known in the time of Colgan, who describes it as follows :
" Est in finibus Breffinise occidentalis sive inferioris, quse Breffne-Hi Ruairc appellatur, hie lacus e vicina quadarn specu, unde et Loch- uamha .i. lacus specus appellatur, exoriens, et in eandem ssepe prodigiose refluens : quod indi- gene observant passim contingere quando illius regionis Dynastis, eorumque filiis mortis im- minet periculum." — Ada Sanctorum, p. 373 ; see also Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ire- land, vol. iii. p. 254 ; and Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 43.
' (Economus. — " A. D. 816. Cumascach, mac Cernaigh, Equonimus Ardmachse, dormiit." — Ann. Ult.
« The oratory " A. D. 815. Ventus Magnus
in Kal. Novembris. Oratorium Fobair combustum est."—Ann. Ult.
The year 812 of the Four Masters corresponds with 816 of the Annals of Ulster, which give under that year the following notice of a battle between the monks of Taghmon and Ferns, in the present county of Wexford, and of the cursing of Tara, which have been intentionally omitted by the Four Masters :
" A. D. 816. Bellum re Cathal, mac Dunlaing, ocus re Muinntir Tighe-Mundu, for Muintir Fernan, vbi cccc. interfecti sunt. Muintir Coluim Cille do dul i Temhair do escuine Aeda." [The men of Colum Cille went to Tarach to curse Hugh Cod. Clarend., 49.]
These entries are given in the Annals of . Clonmacnoise under the year 814, as follows :
"A. D. 814. There was a battle fought be- tween Cahall mac Dunluing, and those of Ti- monna, of the one side, against the family of Fames, where there were 400 of laye and churchmen slain. The familyes of St. Columb went to Taragh, and there excommunicated King Hugh, with bell, book, and candles."
3i
426
[813.
Qpcpac, cijfpna TTlujOopn, ITlaolouin, cijjfpna pfp T?oip, TTlaije hlocha, Dunjal, cijeapna QpDa Ciannacca, -| Cacal, mac Qilella, cijeapna Ua ppiacpach, Deg. Cac eicip piopa oepceipc bpfj ~\ Ciannacca, i copcpacap lie DO Ciannaccaib.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochc cceD a cpf Oecc. Qn caonmaD blia&am pichfc oQooh. TTlaoloum, mac CmnpaolaD, eppcop Raca boc, Cucpuicne, comapba Colu- mam 6la, i Sia6al, abb -] eppcop Ropa Commain, Decc. Gmbceallac, mac Oael^upa, cijfpna Ua poraiD cfpe, Decc. TTluipeaDhach, mac 6pain, ler- pi Laijfn, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD a cfcaip Decc. Qn Dapa bliabam pichfc DdoD OipDmbe. InDpfccac, eppcop Cille mic Ouach, pfpsup T?dca Luipicc, abb pionnjlaipi, Cilleni, abb pfpna, Ouibmpi pgpibneoip Cluana mic Noip, Cu- mupccach, mac Cfpnaij, pepcijip Qpoa TTIaca, •) Ctilbe Cinnmapa, 065. Cficoinjealca, mac Cacail, cijeapna Laigean Oeapjabaip, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD a cuicc Decc. Cln cpeap bliaDam picfc oQoo. Reachcabpa Ua hQnoola, abb Oaiminpi, Decc. Qob OiponiDe, pf Gpeann, DO Dul co pluaiccheao Ian mop co Dun Cuap DopiDipi, co po pann Laijmu eiDip Da Ua 6pain. Ctijpeao anaijeanca -j pneachca mop ipm mbliabam po, 6 Nocclaic co hlmc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD a pe Decc. Qn cfcpamaD bliaDam picfc oQo6. Qipbfpcac Cille Dapa,-) Oioma, mac Pianjupa, abb T?oppa Cpe, Decc. TTlac tachcna, cijepna Ciappaije Luachpa, 065. lomaipfcc Raca peapaD pia
11 Rath-loth : i. e. rath or earthen enclosure of the booths, huts, or tents, now Eaphoe, the head of an ancient bishopric, in the county of Do- negal.
' Successor of Caiman Ela : i. e. Abbot of Ly- nally, near Tullamore, in the King's County.
k Ui-Fothaidh-tire, — The baronies of Iffa and Oifa, in the county of Tipperary, are called "Ui-Fathaidh agus O'Fathaidh" in Irish ; but there was more than one tribe of the name in Ireland.
lCill-Mic-Duach: i.e. Mac Duach's Church, now Kilmacduagh, in the barony of Kiltartan, and county of Galway, where the ruins of seve-
ral churches and a round tower in good preser- vation are still to be seen.
° Rath-Luirigh — This is written Rath-Lu- raigh in the Annals of Ulster at the year 815. It was the ancient name of Maghera, in the
county of Londonderry See note ', under
A. D. 1218, p. 193.
" Ceannmhara : i. e. Head of the Sea, now Kinvara, a small seaport town in a parish of the same name, in the west of the barony of Kiltartan, and county of Galway. St. Coman is the patron of this parish.
0 Dun-Cuar — Now Eathcore, in Meath.
"A. D. 817. Hugh mac Neill went with an
813.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 427
burned. Cathal, son of Artrach, lord of Mughdhorna ; Maelduin, lord of Feara- Rois ; Gormghal, lord of Magh-Itha ; Dunghal, lord of Ard-Cianachta ; and Cathal, son of Ailell, lord of Ui-Fiachrach, died. A battle between the men of South Breagh and the Cianachta, in which many of the Cianachta were slain.
The Age of Christ, 813. The twenty-first year of Aedh. Maelduin, son of Ceannfaeladh, Bishop of Rath-bothh; Cucruithne, successor of Colman Ela'; and Siadhail, Abbot and Bishop of Ros-Commain, died. Ainbhcheallach, son of Daelghus, lord of Ui-Fothaidh-tirek, died. Muireadhach, son of Bran, half- king of Leinster, died.
The Age of Christ, 814. The twenty-second year of Aedh Oirdnidhe. Innreachtach, Bishop of Cill-Mic-Duach1; Fearghus of Rath-Luirighm, Abbot of Finnghlais ; Cilleni, Abbot of Fearna ; Duibhinsi, scribe of Cluain-mic-Nois ; Cumasgach, son of Cearnach, CEconomus of Ard-Macha ; and Ailbhe of Ceann- mharan, died. Cuchoingealta, son of Cathal, lord of South Leinster, died.
The Age of Christ, 815. The twenty-third year of Aedh. Reachtabhra Ua hAndola, Abbot of Daimhinis, died. Aedh Oirdnidhe went a second time with a very great army to Dun-Cuar°, and divided Leinster between the two grandsons of Bran. There were unusual ice and great snowp in this year, from Christmas to Shrovetide.
The Age of Christ, 816. The twenty-fourth year of Aedh. Airbheartach of Cill-dara ; and Dima, son of Fianghus, Abbot of Ros-Cre, died. Mac Lachtna, lord of Ciarraighe-Luachra, died. The battle of Rath-Fhearadhq by the chief-
armie into Leinster to Duncuar, and divided the meanes of the frost and hayle." [Aliaqne incog-
countrie between two of the Birnes." — Ann. UU. nita per gelu et grandines in hoc anno facto, sunt.~\
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. — Ann. UU., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
p Great snow. — " A. D. 817. Wonderful frost q Rath-Fhearadh: i.e. Fearadh's Rath, or Fort,
and great snowe from Christmas to Shrovetyde, now Rahara, a townland in a parish of the same
that men might goe drie shod any broad waters name, in the barony of Athlone, and county of
and most rivers, as if they had been smooth Roscommon. Dealbhna-Nuadhat was the old
loghes" [roads ?]." Horsloads and carriages upon name of the territory lying between the Suca
LoghEagh ; Stags and hynds taken without any and the Sinainn, i. e. the Suck and the Shannon,
chasing of hounds ; timber for great buildings" i. e. the baronies of Moycarnan, Athlone, &c. —
[sent] "out of the country of Connaght into See notes ' and ', under A. D. 752. This battle
the country of Crywhan, by Logh Erne, upon is noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year
ice, as if it had beene firme dry land. Many 817, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 815,
such other unknown things don this yeare by as follows :
3 i 2
428
[817-
ccoipeachaib Ua mbpiuin, Oiapmmo, mac Uomalcmj, -j TTlaolcocaij, mac pojapcaic, pop cijfpna Ua TTlaine, Cacal, mac TTlupchaba, occ Oealbna Nuabac, eicip Suca -| Sionainn, aipm a ccopcaip Cacal -] apaile paepclanna imaille ppip. lomaipeacc eicip Ulcaib peipin, in po mapbab Caipeall, mac Piachna, pi Ula6, la TTIuipeabac mac Gacbac. DiapmaiD, abb lae Column Cille, DO oul i nQlbam.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo a peachc Decc. T?eaccabpa Ua TTluicrijfpn, eajnaib "] abb Imleaca lubaip, TTluipeaohach, mac Cpunnmaoil, abb Oi'pipn Cepnocc, Cpunnmael, mac Ctilella, comapba Ciandin Doirhliacc, Caippen Chille oapa, Cpunomael Cije TT1 unoa,i ConDmac Ua Cacail, ejjnaib Cluana pfpca bpenamn, 065. papuccab cpice Cualann -| Laijin 50 ^foo &ct loca, lap in nij, la hQob Oipombe. lomaipeacc ecip Cenel Conaill -) Cenel nGojam, in po mapbab TTlaolbpepail, mac TTlupchaba, cijeapna Ceneoil cConaill, la TTlupchab mac TTlaelDuin. Cacal, mac Ounlamj;, cijfpna Ua cCemnpealaij, Decc. Conjalac, mac pfpjaile, cijfpna pfp cCul, 065. lap mbeir cuig bliabna picfc i naipopije na h6peann oQob Oipombe, mac Neill Ppapaij, acbar 05 Ctc DO peapca, i TTluij Conaille, lap mbuaib naic- pije. Gipcpi, mac Concobaip, co pcpfn pacpaicc DO bol hi cConnachraibh. Inopeab Laijfn la hQeb nOipombe .1. cip ChualanD 50 ^Ifno Da laca.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo a hochc Decc. Qn ceb bliabam DO Choncobap, mac Oonnchctba, mic Oorhnaill, op Gpinn hi pije. TTTlaelcuile, abb 6fnD-
"A. D. 817- Bellum gestum est in regione Delbnae Nodot ic Ath-forath, ubi nepotes Maine cum rege eorum .i. Cathal, mac Murchada, et multi alii nobiles prostrati sunt. Reges Nepotum Briuin .i. Diarmait, mac Tomaltaig, et Mael- cothaigh, films Foghertaich victores erant." — Ann. Uh.
"A. D. 815. A battle was fought in Delvin Nwadatt, where the" [ancestors of the] "O'Kel- lys of Omanie, with their prince, were over- throwne. This Delvin lyeth between the rivers of Synen and Suck." — Ann. Clon
' Disert-Ternog : i. e. St. Ternog's or Ternoc's desert or wilderness. According to the gloss to the Feilire-Aenguis, and O'Clery's Irish Ca-
lendar, at 8th February, St. Ternoc's church was situated on the west side of the Barrow, but the name of the territory is not given.
• The devastation "A. D. 818. Vaslacio
Laigin la Aed mac Neill i tir Cualann usque Glenn duorum stagnorum." — Ann. Uli.
"A. D. 816. All Lynster was destroyed and wasted by King Hugh to Gleanndalogha." — Ann. Clon.
' Ath-da-fhearta : i. e. Ford of the Two Graves, or of the two miracles — See note ', under A. D. 607, p. 234.
"A. D. 818. MOTS Aeda, mic Neill, juxta Vadum duorum mirabilium, in Campo Conaille." — Ann. Uli.
817-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 429
tains of Ui-Briuin, Diarmaid, son of Tomaltach, and Maelcothaigh, son of Fogar- tach, against the lord of Ui-Maine, Cathal, son of Murchadh, in Dealbhna- Nuadhat, between the Suca and the Sinnainn, where Cathal and many other nobles along with him were slain. A battle between the Ulidians themselves, in which Caireall, son of Fiachna, King of Ulidia, was slain by Muireadhach, son of Eochaidh. Diarmaid, Abbot of la-Coluim Cille, went to Alba [Scotland].
The Age of Christ, 817. Reach tabhra Ua Muichtighearn, wise man and Abbot of Imleach-Iubhair ; Muireadhach, son of Crunnmhael, Abbot of Disert- Ternogr; Crunnmhael, son of Ailell, successor of Cia'nan ofDaimhliag; Laisren of Cill-dara ; Crunnmhael of Tigh-Munna ; and Connmach Ua Cathail, wise man of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn, died. The devastation8 of the territory of Cua- lann, and of Leinster as far as Gleann-da-locha, by Aedh Oirdnidhe. A battle between the Cinel-Conaill and Cinel-Eoghain, in which Maelbreasail, son of Murchadh, lord of Cinel-Conaill, was slain by Murchadh, son of Maelduin. Cathal, son of Dunlaing, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died. Conghalach, son of Fearghal, lord of Feara-Cul, died. After Aedh Oirdnidhe, the son of Niall Frasach, had been twenty-five years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he died at Ath-da-fhearta', in Magh-Conaille, after the victory of penance. Artri, son of Conchobhar, went to Connaught with the shrine of Patrick. The plundering of Leinster" by Aedh Oirdnidhe, i. e. the territory of Cualann, as far as Gleann- da-locha.
The Age of Christ, 818. The first year of Conchobharw, son of Donn- chadh, son of Domhnall, in sovereignty over Ireland. Maeltuile, Abbot of
"A. D. 816. King Hugh, son of King Neale Hiberniam primum incursionibus intrarunt ;
Frassagh, died at the Foorde of the two vertues." deinde anno 812, Demum anno 815, Turgesius
— Ann. Clon. Norwegus in Hiberniam appulit, et exinde
O'Flaherty places the accession of Aedh Oird- ibidem fixas sedes habere coeperunt." Ogygia,
nidh in 797, and his death in 819, which is the par. iiL c. 93, p. 433.
true chronology: u The plundering of Leinster This is an in-
" Aidus Ordnidius, Nielli Nimbosi regis filius, correct repetition, which the Four Masters
R. H. viginti duos annos : regnum tenuit per should have struck out.
annoi plus, minus 22, obiit 819, vel ut alii habent w Conchobhar. — O'Flaherty places the acces-
820, cetatis suae sexagesimo. War. sion of Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh, in the
" Hocrege, Dani, Norwegi, vel Ostmanni, uta year 819, and the Annals of Clonmacnoise in
diversis vocantur, Anno 798, iterum Ultoniam, 816. The first mention of him in the Annals
et Hebrides piratica infestarunt. Anno 807, of Ulster occurs at the year 820 :
430 dNNata Rio§hachca eiReaNN. [819.
chaip, Cpunomael, mac Obpain, abb Cluana hlopaipo, -| Odlach, mac Con- gupa, corhapba Cianain Ooimliacc, Decc. Sloijfo la TTlupchab, mac TTlaoile- Dfim, DO Dpuim Inoech 50 nlJib Neill an cuaipceipu immaille ppip. Cdinic Conchobap, pij Gpeann, co nUib Neill an oeipceipc a nofp, -\ co Lai^nib Don leic oile, i lap poccam co haon maijin ooib rdinic, DO miopbailib Oe, 50 po pgappac ppia poile an can pin gan puiliuccab $an poipbeapjab 6 neach oib pop apoile.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc CCCD a naoi oecc. Qn oapa bliabain DO Chonchobap. Cfnnpaolab, mac Ruamani, pcpibneoip, eppcop, anjcoipe, ~\ abb Qra Upuim, -| plann Daipinpi Decc. Opgain Goaip la 5a^ai^)l bpoio mop DO mndib DO bpeiu leo. Opjain 6ecc-6peann, ~\ Oaipinpi Caomdin leo oopibipi. Sloigheab la Concubap, mac Donnchaba, co hQpoachaib Sleibe puair, 50 po pdpaijfb na hQipcfpa uile laip 50 piachc Garhain TTlacha.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo a pice. Qn cpeap bliabam Do Choncobap. TTlac Riajail Ua Tnajlena, pcpibneoip, eppcop, -| abb biopaip, Laicbeapcach, mac Qenjapa, eppcop Cluana pfpca bpenamn, Goca Ua Uuacail, angcoipe, eppcop, i abb Lughmaib, Olcobap, mac Cummupccaij, abb Cluana peapca bpenoinn, popbapac, abb Qchaib bo Cainnijh, •] Qiloeabaip Cille manac, Decc. SloijhCb la TTlupchab, mac TTlaoileDuin, co bpeapaib inD Pocla imme, co pdmic QpD mbpeacdin. Ro elaibpeac laparh pip bpfj 1 Sfol Qoba Sldme cuije, co po jiallpac Do ace Opuim pfpjapa. Cumapccac, mac
" A. D. 816. Connor mac Donnogh, third a small island close to the land in Wexford
monarch of the O'Melaghlyns" [recte Clann- Haven. This name is translated Parva Hibernia
Colmain], " began his reign, and governed this in the Lives of St. Ibar and St. Abban, quoted by
land fourteen years." — Ann. Clon. Ussher (Primord., p. 794, 1061). According to
x Druim-Indech — This is probably the place O'Clery's Irish Calendar, St. Ibhar, who died in
now called Drimnagh, near Dublin : the year 500, erected a church on this island,
"A. D. 819- Slogh la Murcha do Druimin- where his festival was kept on the 23rd of April.
dech co n-Oib Neill in tuasceirt. Concobur co Begery is destined to lose its insular character
n-Oib Neill in deisceirt a ndes ocus co Laignib, in the improvements of Wexford Haven which
donee Dominus eos separavit per suam potenciam." are now in progress. — Ann.Ult. ' Dairinis-Caemhain : St. Caemhain's Oak-
i Eddr. — This was the ancient name of the island ; an island in Wexford Haven. peninsula of Howth, near Dublin. The hill of b Ardachadh of Sliabh-Fuaid. _ A place near
Howth is still called Binn-Eadair by the native Newtown-Hamilton, in the county of Armagh.
Irish. — See note h, under A. D. 9, p- 92, suprd. — See note % under A. M. 3500, p. 26, supra;
' Beg-Eire: i.e. Little Ireland, now Begery, and note >, under A. D. 1607.
819.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 431
Beannchair ; Crunnmhael, son of Odhran, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird ; and Dalach, son of Conghus, successor of Cianan of Daimhliag, died. An army was led by Murchadh, son of Maelduin, to Druim-Indechx, having the Ui-Neill of the North along with him. Conchobhar, King of Ireland, with the Ui-Neill of the South and the Leinstermen, came from the South, on the other hand ; and when they came to one place, it happened, through the miracles of God, that they sepa- rated from each other for that time without slaughter, or one of them spilling a drop of the other's blood.
The Age of Christ, 819. The second year of Conchobhar. Ceannfaeladh, son of Ruaman, scribe, bishop, anchorite, and Abbot of Ath-Truim, and Flann of Dairinis, died. The plundering of Edary by the foreigners, who carried oft' a great prey of women. The plundering of Beg-Eirez and Dairinis-Caemhaina by them also. An army was led by Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh, to Ard- achadh of Sliabh-Fuaidb; and all the Airtheara0 were devastated by him, as far as Eamhain-Machad.
The Age of Christ, 820. The third year of Conchobhar. Mac Riagail' Ua Maglena, scribe, Bishop, and Abbot of Birra ; Laithbheartach, son of Aen- ghus, Bishop of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn ; Eocha Ua Tuathail, anchorite, Bishop, and Abbot of Lughmhadh ; Olcobhar, son of Cummuscach, Abbot of Cluain- fearta-Brenainn ; Forbhasach, Abbot of Achadh-bo-Cainnigh; and Aildeabhair of Cill-manach, died. An army was, led by Murchadh, son of Maelduin, having the men of the North with him, until he arrived at Ard-Breacain. The men of Breagh and the race of Aedh Slaine went over to him, and gave him hostages at Druim-Fearghusaf. Cumascach, son of Tiiathal, lord of Ard-Cianachta, was
1 Airtheara : i. e. Orientales, the eastern parts e Mac Kiagail. — For some account of a manu-
of the territory of Oirghialla. This name is script copy of the Gospels made by this scribe,
still preserved in that of the baronies of Upper see Dr. O'Conor's Prolegom. adAnnales, ii. p.142.
and Lower Orior, in the east of the county of ' Druim-Fearghusa : i. e. Fergus's Ridge, or
Armagh. Long Hill. Not identified.
J Eamluiin- Madia : i. e. Emania, now the " A. D. 819- Murrogh mac Moyledoyne, with
Navan Fort, near Armagh — See note ", under the O'Neales of the North, came to Ardbrackan,
A. M. 4532, p. 73; and ^. D. 331, p. 125, where they were mett by those of the countryes
supra. of Moybrey, with the race of King Hugh Slane,
"A. D. 820. Slogh la Concobur, mac Donncha, whose chief was Dermott, and they were joynt
co hArdacha Sleibe Fuait. Vastacio na nAirther partakers with him against King Connor." —
con rice Emain-Machae." — Ann. Ult. Ann. Clon.
432
[821.
Uuacail, cigheapna Qipoe Ciannacca, Do mapbaD la TTlupchab. Raoinfo pop piopa Qipoe Ciannachca, hi car Caipn Condin, pia cComapccac, mac Conjalaij, in po mapbab GoDop, mac Uigeapnaij,"] pochaiDe oile ap aon pip. Raoinfo pia nQoib 5arDcm 1 Cuipcne pop Oelbnae. Opgain Inpi Ooittile, •] Copcaije la 5a^aiD-
Goip Cpiopc, ochr cceo piche a haon. Qn cfcpamhab bliabam Do Chon- cobap. Oiapmaic, mac Oonnchaba, abb Roipp each, Ouboacpioc, mac TTlaoileruile, abb Chille achaiD, TTluipfohac, mac Ceallaij, abb Chille oapa, Seachnupach Locha Cenoin, eppcop -] ancoipi, Cucaech, abb Cluana hUama, popbapach, corhapba baippe Copcaije, Sealbach Inpi pfch, -| Conjal, mac lopjalaij, ppioip Cluana mic Noip, 065. pmeachca, mac babbchaba, cij- eapna na nOeipi, 065. peapjal, mac Cacapnaicc, njepna Coca Riac, oecc. Conaing, mac Conjail, cijeapna, TUeacba, 065. CticpijeaD TTlupchaDa, mic TTlaoileDuin, la Niall Caille, mac Qe6a Oipombe, -| la Cenel nGojain.
8 Carn-Conain: Le. Conan's Cam, or sepul- (chral heap of stones. Now unknown.
b Inis-Doimlde See note b, tinder A. D. 776,
p. 381. Archdall says that this was the ancient name of Cape Clear Island, in the county of Cork, the most southern land in Ireland; and refers to Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 629, where, however, there is no authority to support this assertion.
" A. D. 819. The island of Corck and Inis- Dowill were spoyled and ransacked by Danes." — Ann. Clon.
The year A. D. 820 of the Four Masters cor- responds with 821 of the Annals of Ulster, which contain the following notice of a great frost in that year, which was 822 of the com- mon era :
" A. D. 821. Wonderfull frost at" [on] " seas, loghs, and rivers, that horses, chattle, and carriages might be lead over and over." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
This frost is noticed in the Annals of Clon- macnoise under the year 819, thus :
" A. D. 819- There was such frost this year
that aD the loghes, pooles, and rivers of Ireland were so dried upp and frozen that steeds and all manner of cattle might pass on them without danger."
The Annals of Ulster also contain the follow- ing passages, omitted by the Four Masters :
" A. D. 821. BeUum Tarbgi inter Connachta invicem : Nepotes Briuin prostrati sunt, plurimi nobiles interfecti erga Duces .i. Duncha, mac Moinaig, et Gonngal, mac Duncha. Nepotes Maine victores erant, et Diarmait mac Tomaltaig. Strages virorum Breibne erga Regem suum .L Maelduin, mac Echtghaile, la Cenel Fedelmito."
' Ross-each — See note ', under the year 614, p. 238, supra.
k Loch-Cendin — This is now corrupted to Lough Kineel, which is the name of a lake si- tuated about a mile east from Abbeylara, in the county of Longford. The tendency to change final n and r to I, in this part of Ireland, is re- markable in this instance as well as in Loch Ainninn, which is made Lough Ennell, and Loch Uair, which is anglicised Lough Owel.
1 Cluain-uamha : i. e. the Lawn or Meadow of
821.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
433
slain by Murchadh. A victory was gained o^er the men of Ard-Cianachta, in the battle of Carn-Conaing, by Comascach, son of Conghalach, wherein was slain Eodhos, son of Tighearnach, and many others along with him. A victory was gained by the Ui-Garbhain and the Cuircne over the Dealbhna. The plundering of Inis-Doimhleh and Corcach [Cork] by the foreigners.
The Age of Christ, 821. The fourth year of Conchobhar. Diarmaid, son of Donnchadh, Abbot of Koss-each'; Dubhdachrich, son of Maeltuile, Abbot of Cill-achaidh ; Muireadhach, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Cill-dara ; Seachnasach of Loch-Cendink, Bishop and anchorite ; Cucaech, Abbot of Cluain-uamha1 ; Forbhasach, successor of Bairre of Corcach ; Sealbhach of Inis-Pichm; and Con- ghal, son of Irghalach, Prior of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Fineachta, son of Badhbhchadh, lord of the Deisi, died. Fearghal, son of Catharnach, lord of Loch-Biach, died. Conaing, son of Conghal, lord of Teathbha, died. The deposing of Murchadh, son of Maelduin, by Niall Caille, son of Aedh Oirdnidhe, and by the Cinel-Eoghain.
the Cave, now Cloyne, the head of a bishop's see, in the barony of Imokilly, and county of Cork.
m Inis-Pich — In O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 7th April, this is called Innis-Picht ; and in Colgan's Acta Sanctorum it is described as in " regione Momonias Muscragia nuncupata." The name is now obsolete. The year 821 of the Four Masters corresponds with 822 of the An- nals of Ulster, which have under that year the three entries following, omitted by the former:
" A. D. 822. Konan, Abbas Cluana-mic-Nois reliquit principatum suum. Galinne na mBretann exhausta est cum tola habitatione sua et cum ora- torio, o Feidlimidh. Tene diuu for Foruth na nAbbadh i nArdmacha conid ro loiscc." — Ann. UU.
" Ronan, Abbot of Clonmacnoise, left his prin- cipality. Gailinne of the Britons thoroughly wasted by Felim, with the whole habitation and oratory burnt. The fyre Domini [i. e. lightning] upon the Abbot his mansion in Ardmach, that it was burnt."— CW. Clarend., torn. 49.
3
The burning of " Galen of the Welshmen" is noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 820 :
"A. D. 820. Galen of the Welshmen was altogether burnt by Felym mac Criwhan, both houses, churches, and sanctuary."
Dr. O'Conor states in a note to the Annals of Ulster, p. 204, that Galinne na mBretann is Gallovigia, i. e. Galloway, in Scotland, and that Pinkerton therefore errs in saying that the name Gallovigia was unknown till the twelfth century. But this is one of Dr. O'Conor's own unaccountable blunders, for Galinne-na-mBre- tann is the old name of Gallen, in the barony of Garrycastle, and King's County, where St. Ca- nocus, a Welshman, erected a monastery for Bri- tish monks towards the close of the fifth century, and the place was called " na mBretann," i. e. of the Britons, in the same way as Mayo was
called na Sacson, i. e. of the Saxons See
Colgan's Acta Sanctorum, p. 311. Connell Ma- geoghegan, in the dedicatory epistle prefixed to his translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise, E
434
[822.
Qoif Cpiopr, ochc cceD picle a Do. Qn cuicceaD bliaDain DO Choncu- bap pan pije. TTluipeaohach, mac Ceallaij, abb ConlaeD [oecc]. Opgain beanncaip la 5a^ai^)T copccpaD a Depcaije,-) pelcci Comjaill Do cpochaD ar an r5P'n ma pabpac, arhail po caipripp Cornwall peipin, Dia nebaipc :
616 pip, pfp, DO 6eom aipopij na pij,
bepcop mo cnarha jan cpon, 6 bheanocuip baja Do Gancpobh.
Niall, mac peapgupa, cijeapna Ua popannam, Oecc. lomaipeacc pion- nabpach eicip piopa Cfchba peipin, in po mapbaD Qooli, mac pogapcaij, ~\ apoile pochaibe. GochaiD, mac bpfpail, cijfpna Oail QpaiDe an cuaipceipr, Do mapbaD la a muincip peipm. Spealan, mac Sloijfbaij, cijfpna Conailli TTluipceimne, Decc. TTijeapnac, macCacmoja, cijfpna CfiDne, ~\ pionnaccdn, mac Copccpaig, njCpna bpeajmaine, 065. Ley pdcpaicc pop Hlumam la pelim, mac Cpiomcainn,i la hQiprpi, mac Concobaip, .1. eppcop Qpoa TTlacha.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD piche a cpf. Qn peipeaD bliabain Do Choncubap. Guana CujmaiD, eagnaib ~\ eppcop, DiapmuiD Ua Qoba Rom, anjcoipe ~\ Doccuip Dfppcaijce epi&e, Cuimnfc, abb pionnjlaipi, QoDan, abb Carh- lachca TTlaelepuain, Suibne, mac pfpgapa, abb Oum Lfcglaipi, angcoipi, -] eppcop, plannabpa, abb TTIaije bile, Colman mac Qilealla, abb Slaine -j ecclap oile ap cfna ipin pppainc -| i nGpinn, ITlaelpuba, anjcoipe, eppcop -\
remarks that the Irish gave " to the English- men a college in the town of Mayo, in Con- naught, which to this day is called Mayo of the English, and to the Welshmen the town of Gallen, in the King's County, which is likewise callen Gallen of the Welshmen, or Walles."
" Conlaedh. — This is probably a corruption of Cluain-laedh, now Clonleigh, near Lifford, in the county of Donegal.
0 The plundering ofSeannchair: i.e. of Bangor, in the county of Down. This is given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 823, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 821, but the true year is 824.
p Eantrobh. — Now Antrim, in the county of Antrim. — See note ', under 722, p. 321, supra.
" A. D. 823. The spoile of Benchair ag arti" [recte Benchair ag ardu, i. e. in Ard-Uladh], " by the Gentiles, and fallinge downe his build- inge shaked the reliques of Cougal out of the shrine." — A nn. Ult., Cod. Clarend., 49-
"A. D. 821. Beanchor was spoiled and ran- sacked by the Danes, together with St. Cow- gall's church yard." — Ann. Clon.
q Finnabhair — Now Fennor, in Westmeath. — See Ordnance Map, sheet 13.
' The law of Patrick.—" A. D. 820. Felym mac Criowhayn, king of Mounster, caused to be put in practice through that province the rule and constitutions of St. Patrick." — Ann. Clon.
The year 822 of the Four Masters corre- sponds with 823 of the Annals of Ulster, which
822.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 435
The Age of Christ, 822. The fifth year of Conchobhar in the sovereignty. Muireadhach, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Conlaedh", [died]. The plundering of Beannchair0 by the foreigners ; the oratory was broken, and the relics of Comhghall were shaken from the shrine in which they were, as Comhghall himself had foretold, when he said :
It will be true, true, by the will of the supreme King of kings, My bones shall be brought, without defect, from the beloved Beannchair to Eantrobhp.
Niall, son of Fearghus, lord of Ui-Forannain, died. The battle of Finnabhairq between the men of Teathbha themselves, in which Aedh, son of Fogartach, and many others, were slain. Eochaidh, son of Breasal, lord of Dal-Araidhe of the North, was slain by his own people. Spealan, son of Sloigheadhach, lord of Conaille-Muirtheimhne ; Tighearnach, son of Cathmogha, lord of Aidhne ; and Finnagan, son of Cosgrach, lord of Breaghmhaine, died. The law of Pa- trick1' [was promulgated] over Munster by Felim, son of Crimhthann, and by Airtri, son of Conchobhar, i. e. Bishop of Ard-Macha.
The Age of Christ, 823. The sixth year of Conchobhar. CuanaofLugh- mhadh, wise man ' and bishop ; Diarmaid8, grandson of Aedh Roin, who was an anchorite, and a distinguished doctor ; Cuimneach, Abbot of Finnghlais ; Aedhan, Abbot of Tamhlacht Maeleruain ; Suibhne, son of Fearghus, Abbot of Dun-Leathglaisi, anchorite and Bishop ; Flannabhra, Abbot of Magh-bile ; Colman', son of Aileall, Abbot of Slaine, and also of other churches in France and Ireland ; Maelrubha, anchorite, Bishop and Abbot of Ard-Breacain ; Flann,
have under that year the two entries following, Hibernia, periit." — Ann. Ult.
omitted by the former : The year 823 of the Four Masters corre-
" A. D. 823. Koscomain exusta est magna ex spends with 824 of the Annals of Ulster, which
parte. Bellum inter Connachta invicem, in quo give under that year the following entries,
ceciderunt plurimi. Eitgal Sceiligg a Gentilibus omitted by the former : raptus est, et cito mortuus est fame et siti." " A. D. 824. Magna pestilencia et fames pants.
' Diarmaid. — "A. D. 824. Diarmaid Ua Fallomain, mac Fogartaich, jugulatus est afratre
hAedha Roin, anchorita et religionis doctor totius suo, qui nominatur Ceallach." The defeat of the
Hibernios, obiit." — Ann. Ult. Danes in Maighinis is noticed in the Annals of
* Colman — "A. D. 824. Colman Jilius Ailello, Clonmacnoise at the year 822; but the true
Abbas Slaine, et aliarum civitatum in Francia et year is 825.
3 K2
436 awNata Rioshachca emeaNN. [824.
abb GipD bpeacdin, plann, mac poipceallaij, abb Lip moip, Decc. peapjal, mac Cachpanoaijj, cijeapna Locha T?iac 065. Ctenjup mac TTlaoileouin, cijfpna Loca ^ab'ap, Decc. btacmac, mac plainn, Do jabdil copona maip- np, uaip DO mapb'ab p omh la ^alloib in hi Coluim Cille. Oun Da Ifchjlaip Dopjain la 5a^01D> Lopccab TTlaije bile co na Deapcaijib leo beop,-| opjam Inpi Ooirhle. Roineoh i TTluijimp pia n Ulcoibh pop ^halla'b, DU in po map- bhaDh pochaibe, Raoineaoh pia n^allaib pop Oppaijib. TTIaelbpfpail, mac Oilella Coba, cijeapna Oail QpaiDe, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochn cceo piche a cftraip. Qn peachcmaD blia&am DO Cboncobap. Clemenp eppcop, abb Cluana hlopaipD, Ruchmael, eppcop -] abb Cluana pfpca bpenamn, Decc. Conomach, mac Saepjupa, abb T?uip ailirip, baerhlocha, abb 6iopaip, Decc. ITlaolDuin, mac ^opm^aib, njfpna Ua TTlec, Decc i ccleipceachc. DiapmuiD, mac Neill, cijfpna Deipceipr bpfgh, Niall, mac Oiapmaoa, cijfpna Tlli&e, Decc. Ctpc, mac Oiapmaoa, rijfpna Ueacba, DO mapbaD. Lopccab [Oealbna] bfcpa la peiblimib, mac Cpiomcamn. Lif parcpaicc pop reopaib ConnaccaiB la hQipcpi, mac Con- cobaip, .1. eppcop Qpoa TTlaca.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochr cceD piche a cuig. Ctn rochcmaD blia&am Do Chon- cobap. Gccgup, comapba TTlaeilepuam T^amlachra, Decc. Qbniep, abb Cille hachaiD, Decc. ITlaonac, mac Cpunnmaoil, ppioip pfp Roip, Decc. SdpujhaD 6ojain TTlaimpcpeac im ppiomaibecc Qpoa TTlaca, Dia pocuip Cumupccach, mac Cacail, njfpna Qipjiall epce ceo haimbeonac e, ~\ po chuip Qiprpf, mac Concobaip (mac marap epibe Do Cumupccach) ma lonab. Goghan imoppo, pfpleijinnTTlainipcpeach, Do pijne an pann po, Dia po cuip a ppailmcfcrlaij Daccalaim Neill Chaille, ap ba heipium po banmcapa Do
" Ros-ailithir : i. e. the Wood of the Pilgrims, Bethre by Felim, the army of Mounster with
now Roscarbery, the head of an episcopal see, him." — Ann. Uti., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. ,
in the county of Cork. Jn the Life of Saint " A. D. 823. Delvyn Beathra was burnt by
Fachtna, the patron, Rossailithri is described King Felym." Ann. Clon.
as " in australi Hibernias parte juxta mare." — i The law of Patrick. — " A. D. 824. Lex Pa- See Ussher's Primordia, pp. 907, 908. tricii for teora Connacht la Artrigh mac Con-
w In religion ; in dericatu " A. D. 825. chobhair." Ann. Ult.
Maelduin mac Gormgaile, rex Nepotum Meith, in "A. D. 822. Artry mac Connor, King of Con-
clericatu obiit."—Ann. Ult. naught" [recte Primate of Ireland], " caused to
1 Beathra — "A. D. 826. The burninge of be established the Lawes of St. Patrick through-
824.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 437
son of Foircheallach, Abbot of Lis-mor, died. Fearghal, son of Cathasach, lord of Loch-Riach, died. Aenghus, son of Maelduin, lord of Loch-Gabhar, died. Blathmac, son of Flann, received the crown of martyrdom, for he was killed by the foreigners at I-Coluim-Cille. Dun-da-Leathghlas was plundered by the foreigners. The burning by them, moreover, of Magh-bile, with its oratories, and the plundering of Inis-Doimhle. A battle was gained in Magh-inis [Lecale] by the Ulidians over the foreigners, wherein many were slain. A victory was gained by the foreigners over the Osraighi. Maelbreasail, son of Ailell Cobha, lord of Dal-Araidhe, died.
The Age of Christ, 824. The seventh year of Conchobhar. Clemens, bishop, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird ; Ruthmael, Bishop and Abbot of Cluain-fearta- Brenainn, died. Connmhach, son of Saerghus, Abbot of Ros-ailithir"; [and] Baethlocha, Abbot of Birra, died. Maelduin, son of Gormghal, lord of Ui- Meith, died in religfonw. Diarmaid, son of Niall, lord of South Breagh ; Niall, son of Diarmaid, lord of Meath, died. Art, son of Diarmaid, lord of Teathbha, was slain. The burning of [Dealbhna] Beathra* by Feidhlimidh, son of Crimh- thann. The law of Patrick5" [was promulgated] throughout the three divisions of Connaught by Airtri, son of Conchobhar, i. e. Bishop of Ard-Macha.
The Age of Christ, 825. The eighth year of Conchobhar. Echtghus, suc- cessor of Maelruain of Tamhlacht, died. Abnier, Abbot of Cill-achaidh, died. Maenach, son of Crunnmhael, Prior of Feara-Rois, died. The violation2 of Eoghan Mainistreach, as to the primacy of Ard-Macha ; for Cumasgach, son of Cathal, lord of Airghialla, forcibly drove him from it, and set up Airtri, son of Conchobhar (half-brother of Cumasgach by the mother), in his place. Eoghan, [who was] lector of Mainistir", composed this quatrain, when he sent his psalm-singer to converse with Niall Caille — he being Niall's spiritual adviser —
out the three thirds of Connaught." — A nn. Clou. " The dishonoringe Owen, or sacrilege comitted
The Ulster Annals mention also under 825, against him, being Bishop of Armach, by Cu-
" Great fright throughout all Ireland, viz., a muscach, mac Cahail, and by Airtri, mac Conftor."
forewarning of a plague geven by Mac Fallan ; — Cod. Clarend. 49.
also the Law of Daire upon Connaght again." " A. D. 824. Owen Mainisdreagh -was over-
— Cod. Clarend., 49. come and put out of Ardmach by Artry mac
' The violation — "A. D. 826. Sarughadh Connor, and Comaskagh mac Cahail." — Ann.
Eugain i n Ardmdcha la Cumuscach, mac Cathail, Clon.
ocus la Artrig, mac Conchobair." — Ann.Ult. * Mainistir: i, e. of Mainistir-Buithe, now
438 awwaca Rioshachca emeaNN. [825.
Nialt, im corhapbup paopaicc DO copnam 66, oip po ba nfpcrhap porn .1. Niall
ino Ulroib :
Qbaip pe Niall ni maba, j;uc 6ojain, mic Qnmcaba, Ni bio6 pan pijhe i paba, munab abb a anmcapa.
Ipe cpa a comaip, cionoilib Niall a ploja .1. Conaill ~[ Gojain. Uionoilib Cumupccach, cijfpna Gipjiall,-) TTluipeabac, mac Gachach, njfpna Ua Gac- ach Ula6, Qipjialla -\ Ulaib, ~\ peapcaip cac cpoba fcoppa, .1. cac Leice cairn, hi TTlaij Snip. Ctp Do caipngipe in caca pin po ciopcan Oaciapocc .1. naorh a hQipiccul :
Leci cam, Do paerpac mop njepac ann,
Cappuprap occ Ific luin ci6 cian, ci6 cum ip cib mall.
Qp Do raipngipe an cara ceona aobepr 6ecc, mac 06 :
Leire cam, conpicpaD Diap amnup ann,
616 pi Gojan ap Gojan, apD an gleojal biap ano.
Ro corhailleaD parhlaiD, ap Do rheabaiD pop buibnib Qilij pia nQipjiallaib ipin Da la coipij, an cpeap la imoppo, Dia ccainic Niall peipin ip in car oc Lfici Luin hi ccorhpoccup leici cairn po meabaib pop Qipgiallaib, ~\ po Dfoc- aijic, i po Ifhca co Cpaib caille, op Callamn, ppi hQpD TTlaca amap, -j po rheabam an cac pop Ullcoib ~\ Qipjiallaib, ~\ po lab a nap. l?o mapbab ann Cumupccac -] Conjalac, Da mac Cacail, -| apaile paopclanna Do Qip- jiallaib. 17o jab laporh 6ojan TTlainipccpeac apocomapbup pdopaicc ppi pe naoi mbliaban mp pin rpe neapc Neill caille, ;]c. Sfnoip DO muincip Ctpoa THaca acbepc mp nap Qipjiall hi ccac Leici caim :
anglice Monasterboice, in the county of Louth. d Leithi-Luin. — This was the name of a place
See note ', under the year 521, p. 171, supra. in the same parish, but it is now forgotten, and
b Leithi-cam. — This was the name of a place the Editor has not as yet discovered any docu-
in the parish of Kilmore, situated about three ment to enable him to identify it.
miles to the east of Armagh, but it is now ob- ' Craebh- Caille. — This is probably the place
solete — See note on Gill mor-Maighe-Emhir at now called Kilcreevy, and situated in the parish
A. D. 872. of Derrynoose, in the barony and county of
c Airigul. — Now Errigal-Keeroge, in the Armagh.
county of Tyrone — See note k, under A. D. 805. ' Callamn __ Now the River Callan, which
825.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 439
concerning the successorship of Patrick, for he (i. e. Niall) was powerful in Ulster :
Say to Niall that not lucky for him will be the curse of Eoghan, son
of Anmchadh ;
He will not be in the kingdom in which he is, unless his spiritual adviser be abbot.
The summary [result] was, that Niall mustered his forces, namely, the races of Conall and Eoghan ; [and] Cumusgach, lord of Airghialla, and Muireadhach, son of Eochadh, lord of Ui-Eathach-Uladh, mustered the Airghialla and the Ulidians ; and a spirited battle was fought between them, i. e. the battle of Leithi-camb, in Magh-Enir. It was to foretell this battle that Dachiarog, i. e. the Saint of Airigulc, prophesied :
Lethi-cam ! great heroes shall perish there, They shall be caught at Leth-Luin, though far, though late, though slow.
It was to predict the same battle that Beg mac De said :
Leithe-cam ! a fierce pair there shall meet ; Eoghan shall be king over Eoghan ; noble the conflict which will be there.
This was fulfilled accordingly, for the victory was gained over the troops of Aileach, by the Airghialla, on the two first days ; but on the third day, when Niall himself came into the battle at Leithi-Luind, in the vicinity of Leithi-cam, the Airghialla were defeated, cut down, and pursued to Craebh-Caille6, over the Callainnf, to the west of Ard-Macha ; and the battle was gained over the Ulidians and Airghialla, and a slaughter made of them. There were slain here Cumusgach and Conghalach, two sons of Cathal, and other nobles of the Air- ghialla Eoghan afterwards assumed the arch-successorship, [which he retained] for a period of nine years afterwards, through the power of Niall Caille, &c. A senior of the family of Ard-Macha said, after the slaughter of the Airghialla in the battle of Leithi-cam :
flows through the barony of Armagh, in the water, near Charlemont — See note ', under county of Armagh, and unites with the Black- A. M. 3656, p. 43, supra.
440
[826.
Ni ma puccpam ap mbcnpe, nf ma loomap pech leipe, Ni' map55abpam Gojan pec cec noeopaib mo Gpe.
TJi'ojbal occ bioppae enp Concubap, mac Oonnchaba, pi Gpeann, ~\ peb- limib, .1. mac Cpiomcamn, pi TTluman. plaichfm, mac Oonnjalaij, cijfpna an phochla, Do mapbab. Copbmac, mac Oomnaill, cijfpna na nOeipi, Decc. Lupcca DO opjam la ^allaib. plannjap, mac Coinjpijh, abb QpDa fflacha, Decc. Copcpa6 aonaij Uaillcfn pop ^ailfngaib, la Concobap, mac Oonn- chaba, Dia po mapbab pochaibe. Copcpab aonaij [Colmain la TTluipebac pop Laijmb Deapgabaip Du in po mapbab fie. Copcpab Ounaib Laijean] i nDpuim la 5einci^5 Du 1T1 P° mapbab Conaing, mac Concongelc, cijfpna na ppopcuar, co pochaibib lie.
Cloip Cpiopr, ochc cceo piche ape. Qn nomhab bliabam Do Choncobap. Gob, mac Ceallaij, abb Cille Dapa, Robapcach, mac Cacupaij, aipcinoeac^. Cluana moip apoa, ConDmac Ua Lochene, abb Saijpe, TTluipciu, abb Dpoma' mepclainn, Ciapdn, eccnaib 6 Rop Cpe, -) Clemenp, abb Linne Ouachaill, Decc. TTlapcpa Cherhnen anjcoipe la ^allaib. Carppaoineab pop ^allaib pia cCoipppi, mac Cachail, cijeapna Ua cCemnpealaij. Carpaoinfb pia
? Leire. — It is remarked in an interlined gloss that this means 6ano Ceipe, i. e. the church of austerity, which is the name of a monastery near Lough Ennell, in the county of Westmeath — See note w, under the year 740, p. 342, supra.
h A royal meeting — " A. D. 826. A kingly parlee at Byre between Felim and Connor." — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend,, torn. 49-
"A. D. 824. There was a meeting between King Connor and Felym at Byrre." — Ann. Clon.
1 The foreigners. — " The spoile of Lusca by Gentiles, burninge and prayinge it and Cia- nachta untill" [i. e. as far as] " Ochtar-ungen, and" [they] " spoyled the English" [recte the Galls] " of the North-east after."— Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
k Abbot ofArd-Macha — In the list preserved in the Psalter of Cashel he is set down as Mac Longsechus, Archbishop of Armagh for thir-
teen years — See Dr. O'Conor's Her. Hib. Script., vol. iii. p. 107; and Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 43.
1 Destruction — The Irish word copcpab is rendered skirmish, or onset, in the old transla- tion of the Annals of Ulster; but the original compiler of these Annals translates it by de- structio. Thus, copjpao CTilij ppijpemn, occur- ring in the Annals of Tighernach at the year 675, and in the Annals of the Four Masters at 674, is given in Latin, " Destructio Ailche Fri- greni," in the Annals of Ulster at 675. — See note B, p. 284, supra. These passages are given more correctly in the Annals of Ulster under the year 826, thus :
" A. D. 826. Coscrad oinaig Taillten for Ga- lengaib, la Concobar, mac nDonncha, in quo ceciderunt multi. Coscrad oinaig Colmain la Muredhach, for Laignib Desgabair, in quo ceci- dei-unt multi. Coscrad Dunaid Laigen do Gentib,
826.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
441
Not well have we gained our goal, not well have we passed by Leireg, Not well have we taken Eoghan in preference to any pilgrim in Ireland.
A royal meeting11 at Birra between Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh, King of Ireland, and Feidhlimidh, i. e. son of Crimhthann, King of Munster. Flaitheamh, son of Donghalach, lord of the Nor,th, was killed. Cormac, son of Domhnall, lord of Deisi, died. Lusca was plundered by the foreigners1. Flannghus, son of Loingseach, Abbot of Ard-Machak, died. The destruction1 of the fair of Tailltin, against the Gaileangam, by Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh, on which occasion many were slain. The destruction of the fair [of Colman by Mui- readhach, against the South Leinstermen, where many were slain. The de- struction of Dun-Laighen], at Druimn, by the Pagans, where Conaing, son of Cuchongelt, lord of the Fortuatha, was slain, with many others.
The Age of Christ, 826. The ninth year of Conchobhar. Aedh, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Cill-dara ; Robhartach, son of Cathasach, airchinneach of Cluain-mor-arda0; Connmhach Ua Loichene, Abbot of Saighir; Murchiu, Abbot of Druimineasclainn ; Ciaran the Wise, of Ros-cre ; and Clemens, Abbot of Linn-Duachaill, died. The martyrdom of Temhnen, anchorite, by the foreigners. A battle was gainedp over the foreigners by Cairbre, son of Cathal, lord of
vbi ceciderunt Conall, mac Concongalt rex na Fortuath et alii innumerabiles." — Ann. Uh. Ed. O'Conor.
"A. D. 826. The skirmish of Aenach Tailten upon the Galengs by Connor, mac Duncha, where many were slain. The onsett of Aenach- Colmain by Muireach upon Leinster Desgavar, in quo ceciderunt plurimi. The battle" [recte destruction] " of Dunlaien by Gentiles, ubi ceci- derunt Conall mac Congalt, king of theFortuahs in Leinster, et alii innumerabiles." -Cod. Clar., 49.
m Gaileanga : i. e. the inhabitants of the ba- rony of Morgallion, and some of the neighbour- ing districts in the county of Meath, in whose territory Tailtin was situated.
" At Druim — This has been incorrectly copied by the Four Masters, who have skipped one line, which the Editor has supplied in brackets from the Annals of Ulster. The fair of Aenach-Col-
3
main, or Circinium Colmain, was held on the present Curragh of Kildare, in Campo Liphi, where the royal fair and sports of Leinster were celebrated. — See Appendix, pedigree of O'Dono- van, p. 2434.
0 Cluain-mor-Arda. — Now Clonmore, a town- land giving name to a parish in the territory of Cianachta-Arda, now the barony of Ferrard, in the county of Louth.
f A battle was gained: Carjiaomfo — This term is rendered "battle-breach" in the old translation of the Annals of Ulster, thus :
" A. D. 827. Cathroined re Lethlabar, mac Loingsig, ri Dal-Araidhe for Gennti. Cathroined ele for Genti re Coirpre, mac Cathal, ri hUa Ceinnselaig ocus re muintir Tighe Mundu." — Ann. UU.
" A. D. 827. Battle-breach by Lehlovar mac Loingsi, kinge of Dalarai, upon the Gentiles.
442
[827-
Lfclobap, mac Loin5pich, pi Ulab, pop ^hallaib. muipfohac, mac Puabpac, pf Laijean, Decc. Cionaeb, mac TTlojpoin, cijfpnaUa ppailje, Decc. huaoa, mac Oiapmaoa, cijfpna Ceabca, Do mapbab.
Qoip Cpiopc, occ cceo piche a peachc. Ctn Deacmab bliabain Do Chon- cobap. TTlaolDobapcon, abb Cille Uapaille, Copbmac, mac TTluipjfpa, abb Sfncpmb, TTlaoluma, mac Cecepnaij, ppioip pionnabpach, Qeban Ua Con- oumhai, pccpibneoip Depmaiji, Cfpball, mac pionnacca, njfpna Oelbna bearpa, oecc. Opugan, mac Caibg, njfpna Ua TTleic:, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochc cceo piche a hochc. Qn raonmab bliabam Decc, Do Choncobap. Copbmac, mac Suibne, abb Cluano hloppaipD, pcpibneoip -\ eppcop, Uippaice mac Reccabpar, abbCluana Oolcdin, lopeph, mac Nech- rain, abb 17oip Commain, SiaDal, mac pfpaohaij, abb Cille Dapi, Cailci, mac 6ipc, abb p(ba Diiin, Ceallac, mac Con&maij, anscoipe Oipipr Ceal- laij, TTluipiuccanCille Dapa, Qongupjmac OonnchaDa, cijfpna^ealca TTIiDe, Decc. pionnpneacca, mac bobbcaDa, cijeapna Ceneoil mic Gapca, Decc. Ounchao, mac Conaing, njfpna Ciannacca, 065. pollumain, mac Donn- chaDa, DO mapbaD la TTluimneachaib.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo piche anaoi. Qn Dapa bliaDain Decc DO Chon- cobap. Gipmfohach, comapba pmoein TTlaije bile, DO bacab. TTluipfno banab Cille Dapa, Decc. Ceicfpnac, mac Ouncon, pcpibneoip, paccapc, -|
Another upon them by Cairbre, mac Cahail, kinge of Cinselai, and by the men of Tymuna." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
The defeat of the Gentiles, or Danes, by the Ui-Ceinnsealaigh is noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under the year 825, thus : " There was an overthrowe given to the Danes by the O'Keannsealeys, and those of Tymonna."
The year 826 of the Annals of the Pour Masters corresponds with 827 of the Annals of Ulster, which contain under that year the three entries following, which have been omitted by the former :
" A. D. 827. Muc-ar mar di mucaibh mora i nairer nArdae-Ciannachta, o Gallaib. Guin Cinaeda, mic Cumascaig, ri Arddae-Ciannachta, a Gallaib. Ar Dealbhna hi fello."— Ann. Ult.,
Edit. O'Conor, p. 207. '
" A. D. 827. A great slaughter of greate hogs in the borders of Ard-Cianachta by the English" [recte the Galls, i. e. Norsemen]. " The wound- inge of Cinaeh mac Cumascai, king of Cianacht, by the said foreigners, and the burninge of Lain-lere and Cluonmor by them alsoe. The slaughter of the Delvinians by murther or in guilefull manner." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
i Citt- Uasaitte. — Now Killossy, or Killashee, near Naas, in the county of Kildare. — See note ', under the year 454, p. 142, supra.
' Seantrabh. — Now Santry, a village in the barony of Coolock, and county of Dublin.
8 Finnabhair — Now Fennor, near Slane, in the county of Meath.
" A. D. 828. Maelumai, mac Cethernaigh,
827.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
443
Ui-Ceinnsealaigh. A battle was gained by Leathlobhar, son of Loingseach, King of Ulidia, over the foreigners. Muireadhach, son of Ruadhrach, King of Leinster, died. Cinaedh, son of Moghron, lord of Ui-Failghe, died. Uada, son of Diarmaid, lord of Teathbha, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 827. The tenth year of Conchobhar. Maeldobhar- chon, Abbot of Cill-Uasailleq; Cormac, son of Muirgheas, Abbot of Seantrabhr; Maelumha, son of Ceithearnach, Prior of Finnabhair"; Aedhan Ua Condumhai, scribe of Dearmhach ; [and] Cearbhall, son of Finnachta, lord of Dealbhna- Beathra', died. Drugan, son of Tadhg, lord of Ui-Meith, died.
The Age of Christ, 828. The eleventh year of Conchobhar. Cormac, son of Suibhne, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird, scribe and bishop ; Tibraide, son of Rech- tabhar, Abbot of Cluain-Dolcain ; Joseph, son of Nechtain, Abbot of Ros- Commain ; Siadhal, son of Fearadhach, Abbot of Cill-dara ; Cailti, son of Ere, Abbot of Fidh-duinu; [and] Aenghus,son of Donnchadh,lord of Tealach-Midhew, died. Finnsneachta*, son of Bodhbhchadh, lord of Cinel-Mic-Earca, died. Dun- chadh, son of Conaing, lord of Cianachta, died. Follamhain, son of Donnchadh, was slain by the .Munstermen.
The Age of Christ, 829. The twelfth year of Conchobhar. Airmheadhach, successor of Finnen of Magh-bile, was drowned. Muirenn, Abbess of Cill-dara, died. Ceithearnachy, son of Dunchu, scribe, priest, and wise man of Ard-Macha,
equonimus Finnabhrach, moriuus eat." — Ann. UU.
1 Dealbhna-Beathra. — Otherwise called Dealbh- na-Eathra. This was the ancient name of the present barony of Garrycastle, in the King's County. The year 827 of the Four Masters corresponds with 828 of the Annals of Ulster, which contain under that year the following entries, omitted by the former :
"A.D. 828. Jugidatio Conaing, mic Ceallaich, o Eachaidh, mac Cernaig, per dolum. Diarmait, abbas lae, do dul i nAlbain co minnaib Coluim
Cille" [with Colum Cille's reliques Cod.
War., 49]. " Roined for Chonnachta re feraib Midhe, in quo ceciderunt multi."
The removal of the relics of St. Columbkille to Scotland, and the defeat of the Meathmen, are noticed in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 825.
3
u Fidh-duin — Otherwise written Feadh-duin, i. e. Wood of the Fort, now Fiddown, in the ba- rony of Iverk, and county of Kilkenny, where, according to O'Clery's Irish Calendar, the fes- tival of St. Maidoc, or Mo-Maidoc, was kept on the 18th of May. — See also Colgan's Ada Sanc- torum, p. 727.
w Tealach-Midhe : i. e. the Hill of Meath. This is probably Tealach-ard, now Tullyard, near the town of Trim, in Meath, where the chief of Ui-Laeghaire had his residence.
1 Finnsneachta "A. D. 829. Fineachta, mac
Bodhbcoda, rex Generations Jiliorum Rica,, obiit." —Ann, Ult.
y Ceithearnach.—11 A. D. 830. Cernach, mac Duncon, scriba, et sapiens, et sacerdos Ardmachae pausavit." — Ann. Ult. L2
444
emecmN.
[830.
eccnaiD ClpDa TTlaca, 065. lonnpaD Conaille la ^allaib co pa gabaD TTlaol- bpigDe an pi, -\ Canannan a bpacaip, -| puccpac leo iaD Dochum a long. Suibne mac paipnij, abb Cfpoa TTIacha ppi pe Da mfp, DO ecc. pemlimiD, mac Cpiomcamn, co ploj; TTluman "| Laijen, Do cocr co pionnabaip bpfj, Do lonopaD peap mbpeajj, -] inopeab tipe la Concobap, mac OonnchaDa, la pi 6peann.
Goip Cpiopc, ochc cceo cpiocha. Qn cpeap blia&ain Decc Do Choncobap. Ceona opjain Ctpoa TTIacha. QpD TTlacha Do opgain po cpi i naom mi la ^allaib,"] nf po hoipjfo la heachcapcenela piam 50 pin. Opgain Oairhliacc Chiandm, i pine Chiannacca, co na cceallaib uile, la fallen B. Oibll, mac Coljan, DO epjabail leo Dna. Opgain LujmaiD.i TTlucipnarha, -\ Ua TTleic, •] Opoma mic hUa 6lae, -j apoile cealla apcfna leo beop. Cuacal, mac pfpabhaij, Do bpeir DO ^hallaib leo,-| pcpfn Q6amnmn 6 Oorhnac maijen.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochc cceD cpiocha a haen. Qn cfcpamaD bliaDam Decc Do Choncobap. l?eacrjal, mac Suibne, paccapc QpDa TTlacha, Decc. Opgain Rdca Cuipij, i ConOipe 6 ^"allaib. Opgain Lip moip TTlochuDa. LopccaD
" A. D. 828. Felym mac Criwhan, with the forces of Mounster and Lynster, came to Fynore to destroy, prey, and spoyle Moybrey. The lands about the Liffie were preyed and spoyled by king Connor" [ancestor of] "O'Melaugh- lyn." — Ann. Clon.
c Ard-Macha. — This passage is translated by Colgan in his Trias Thaum., p. 294, thus :
" A. D. 830. Ardmacha spatio unius mensis fuit tertio occupata et expilata per Normannos seu Danos. Et nunquam ante per exteros oc- cupata."
The first plundering of Armagh by the Norse- men is noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 831 (the true date being 832), as follows :
" A. D. 831. Cetna orggain Ardmachae o Gentib fo thri i noenmis." — Ann. Ult.
The plundering of Armagh and other churches in Ulster is noticed in the Annals of Clonmac- noise, under the year 829, as follows :
" A. D. 829. The first outrages and spoyles committed, by the Danes in Armagh was this
* The plundering of Conaille : i. e. of Conaille- Muirtheimhne, in the present county of Louth. This is noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 830. The old translator in Cod. Clarend., torn. 49, takes Conaille to mean Tirconnell, but this is a great error.
" Suibhne.—" A. D. 829. Suibne, mac Foran- nan, abbas duarwm mensium in Ardmacha, obiit." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 827. Swynye mac Farnye, abbot for two months in Armagh, died." — Ann. Clon.
The person called Abbot of Armagh, by the Irish annalists, is generally the Archbishop or Primate of all Ireland ; but this Suibhne is not given in the list of the Archbishops of Armagh preserved in the Psalter of Cashel. — See Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, pp. 44, 45.
h Finnabhair : i. e. Fennor, near Slane.
" A. D. 830. Felim mac Grivhain, together with the force of Mounster and Leinster, came to Finnuirto spoile the men of Bregh. Lyfii spoyled by Conor."— Ann. UK. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
830.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
445
died. The plundering of Conaille2 by the foreigners, who took Maelbrighde, its king, and Canannan, his brother, and carried them with them to their ships. Suibhne", son of Fairneach, Abbot of Ard-Macha for the space of two months, died. Feidhlimidh, son of Crimhthann, with the forces of Munster and Lein- ster, came to Finnabhair-Breaghb, to plunder the men of Breagh ; and the Liffe was plundered by Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh, King of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 830. The thirteenth year of Conchobhar. The first plundering of Ard-Macha. Ard-Machac was plundered thrice in one month by the foreigners, and it had never been plundered by strangers before. The plundering of Daimhliag and the tribe of Cianachta, with all their churches, by the foreigners. Oilill, son of Colgan, was also taken prisoner by them. The plundering of Lughmhadh and Mucshnamhd, and Ui-Meithe, and Druim-Mic- hUa-Blaef, and of other churches, by them also. Tuathal, son of Fearadhach, was carried off by the foreigners, and the shrine of Adamnan from Domhnach- Maigheng.
The Age of Christ, 831. The fourteenth year of Conchobhar. Reacht- ghal, son of Suibhne, priest of Ard-Macha, died. The plundering of Rath- Luirighh and Connor by the foreigners. The plundering of Lis-mor-Mochuda.
year, and they ransacked these ensuing churches, Louth, Mucksnawe, Oameith, Droym-Mac- Awley, and divers other religious houses, were by them most paganly ransacked. Also the relicks of Adawnan were most outrageously taken from Twahall mac Feraye out of Dow- naghmoyen by the Danes, and with the like outrage they spoyled Rathlowrie and Conrye in Ulster."
d Mucshnamh — Now Mucknoe, a parish com- prising the little town of Castleblayney, in the east of the county of Monaghan. — See Colgan's Ada. Sanctorum, p. 713.
" Ui-Meith. — This should be the churches of Ui-Meith-Macha, a tribe and territory in the present county of Monaghan. It comprised the churches of Tehallan, Tullycorbet, Kilmore, and Mucknoe, in this county — See Leabhar-na gCeart, p. 151, and note % under the year 605,
p. 231, supra.
'Druim-Mic- Ua-Blae. — This church, at which the memory of St. Sedna was venerated on the 9th of March, is described as in the territory of Crimhthannn, which comprised the baronies of Upper and Lower Slane, in the north of the county of Meath ; but there is no church of this name now to be found in these baronies. — See Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, pp. 569, 830 ; and Archdall's Monaslicon Hibernicum, p. 532.
* Domhnach-maighen : i. e. the Church of Moyne, or the small plain, now Donaghmoyne, in the barony of Farney, and county of Mo- naghan.— See Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 424 ; also Shirley's Account of the Territory or Domi- nion of Farney, pp. 151, 152, 153.
hRath-Luirigh.-This should be Eath-Luraigh, as it is written in the Annals of Ulster at the year 831, thus: "A. D. 831. Orggain Ratha
446
Rio^hachca
[832.
cfpmamn Ciapain la peiblimib, mac Cpiorhcainn. Inopfoh [Oealbna] bfcpa po cpi laip b'eop. Inopfoh Cille oapa la Cellac mac 6pcnn. Cionaeb, mac Gachach, cijfpna Oail Ctpaibe an Uiiaipceipc Do rhapba6. CionaeD, mac Clpcpach, cijfpna Cualann,-| OiapmuiD, mac Ruabpach, cijfpna Clipnp Lipe, Decc. lap mbeic ceicpi bliabna Decc i naipDpije na hGipeanD Do Choncobap, mac Donnchaba, mic Oomnaill, aobac mp mbuaib nairpicce.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo epioca a Do. Qn ceo bbabain Do Niall Chaille, mac Qeba OipDmbe, hi piece op Gipinn. Reacrabpa, abb Chille acaib, -| lopjalac, abb Saigpe, Decc. Raeineaoh pia Niall cCaille -] pia TTlupchab pop 5na^ul°, hi nOoipe Chaljaij, co po lab a nap. Opgain Cluana Oolcain
° muinncip Cluana mic Noip DO mapbab la peib-
DO
limib,macCpiomrainn,piCaipil,i po loipcceab a crfpmonn uile laip 50 Dopap
-a cille. pa encuma mumnpe DCpmaije laip Dna, pon ccuma cfccna co
Dopap a cille. Oiapmair, mac Comalcaij, pf Connachc, Decc. Cobcach,
mac TTlaeleDuin, njCpna lapmuman, Do mapbab. Opsain Locha bpicpenn
Luraigh ocus Connire o Genntib." Eath-Lu- raigli, i. e. Lurach's Fort, was the ancient name of Maghera, in the county of Londonderry — See note under A. D. 814.
1 Tearmann-Chiarain: i.e. St.Ciaran's Termon or Sanctuary. This was the Termon of Clon- macnoise, in the King's County.
k Beathra : i. e. the barony of Garrycastle, containing the monastery and termon lands of Clonmacnoise.
" A. D. 829- Felym mac Criowhan burnt, spoyled, and preyed the lands belonging to St. Keyran, called Termyn-lands, and Delvyn Bethra, three times." — Ann. Clon. . + .\
1 The plundering of Citt-dara.— " A. D. 832. Cath-roiniud for Muinntir Cille-daro, ina cill, re Cellach mac Brain, ubijugulati sunt multi inferia Johannis in Awtumno." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 830. Ceallagh, mac Bran, gave an over- throw to the clergy of Killdare, within their own house, where there were many and infinite number of them slain on St. John's day in har- vest."— Ann. Clon.
m Airthear Liffe. — See note under A. D. 811.
" Conchobhar. — O'Flaherty places his acces- sion in 819, and his death in 833, which is the true chronology. — Ogygia, p. 433. The Annals of Ulster, which are antedated by one year, place it in 832.
" A. D. 832. Artri, mac Concobhair, Abbas Ardmachae, et Concobhar, mac Donncha, rex Temro, uno mense mortui sunt." — Ann. Ult.
The Annals of Clonmacnoise, which are about four years antedated at this period, notice the death of King Connor Mac Donogh under the year 829, and give a list of the names of Danish captains, as follows :
" A. D. 829- Connor mac Donnogh" [ancestor of] " O'Melaughlyn, king of Taragh and Ire- land, died this year. The Danes intending the full concfuest of Ireland, continued their inva- sions from time to time, using all manner of cruelties, &c. Divers great fleets and armies of them arrived in Ireland, one after another, under the leading of sundry great and valiant captains,
832.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
447
The burning of Tearmann-Chiarain1 by Feidhlimidh, son of Crimhthann. The plundering of [Dealbhna] Beathrak thrice by him also. The plundering of Cill- dara1 by Ceallach, son of Bran. Cinaedh, son of Eochaidh, lord of Dal-Araidhe of the North, was slain. Cinaedh, son of Arthrach, lord of Cualann, and Diar- maid, son of Ruadhrach, lord of Airthear-Lifem, died. After Conchobhar", sou of Donnchadh, had been fourteen years in the monarchy of Ireland, he died, after the victory of penance.
The Age of Christ, 832. The first year of Niall Caille0, son of Aedh Oird- nidhe, in sovereignty over Ireland. Reachtabhra, Abbot of Cill-achaidh ; and Irghalach, Abbot of Saighir, died. A battle was gained by Niall Caille and M urchadh over the foreigners, at Doire-Chalgaighp, where a slaughter was made of them. The plundering of Cluain-Dolcain by the foreigners. A great number of the family of Cluain-mic-Nois were slain by Feidhlimidh, son of Crumhthan, King of Caiseal ; and all their termonq was burned by him, to the door of the church. In like manner [did he treat] the family of Dearmhach, also to the door of its church. Diarmaid, son of Tomaltach, King of Connaught, died. Cobhthach, son of Maelduin, lord of West Munster, was slain. The plundering of Loch-Bricrennr, against Conghalach, son of Eochaidh, [by the foreigners] ;
as Awuslir, Fatha, Turgesius, Imer, Dowgean, liner of Limbrick, Swanchean, Griffin, Arlat, Fyn Crossagh, Albard Eoe, Torbert Duff, Fox Wasbagg, Gotma, Algot, Turkill,Trevan, Cossar, Crovantyne, Boyvan, Beisson, the Red Daughter, Turmyn mac Keile, Baron Robert, Mylan, Wal- ter English, Goslyn, Talamore, Brught, Awley, King of Deanmark, and king of the land in Ire- land called Fingall ; Ossill and the sons of Imer ; Ranell O Himer; Ottar Earle, and Ottarduffe Earle."
0 Niall Caille. — O'Flaherty places the acces- sion of this monarch at A. D. 833, which is the true year. In the Annals of Clonmacnoise it is placed in 829 ; but, as already remarked, those Annals are antedated by four years at this pe- riod :
" A. D. 829. Neale Caille, son of Hugh Ornie, began his reign after the death of King Connor, and reigned sixteen years. After whose reign
the most part of the kings that were in Ireland, untill King Bryan Borowe's time, had no great profitt by it, but the bare name; yet they" [the Irish] " had kings of their own that paid into- lerable tribute to the Danes." — Ann. Clon.
f Doire-Chalgaigh Now Derry, or London- derry. The defeat of the Danes at Derry, and the plundering of Cluain-Dolcain, now Clon- dalkin, near Dublin, are given in the Annals of Ulster, at the same year.
q Their Terrnon — This is also noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 832, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 830, thus :
" A. D. 830. Felym mac Criowhyn killed and made a great slaughter upon the clergy of Clonvicknose ; burnt and consumed with fire all Clonvicknose to the very door of the church ; and did the like with the clergy of Dorowe to their very door also." — Ann. Clon.
' Loch-Bricrenn : i. e. the Lake of Bricrinn,
448
[833.
pop Conjalach, mac Gachoach, ~] a epjabail, -\ a mapbaDh occa longaib lapam. Qipcpi, mac Concobaip, abb Gpoa TTlacha, DO ecc. bpdcaip DO pij Oipjiall epDen. Ruaiopi, mac TTlaoilepocapcaij, Ifccaoipeac Ua cCpiom- rainn, oecc.
Goip Cpiopc, occ cceD cpioca a cpf. Ctn oapa bliabam Do Niall Caille. Uuaccap, eppucc •] pcpibneoip Cille Dapa, Qpppaic, banabb Cille Dapa, Dunlamj, abb Copcaije, -| Ceallach, mac pinnacca, abb Cille Ice, Decc. Ceallach, mac bpain, pf Laijfn, oecc. CionaeD, mac Conaing, cijjfpna bpfjh, -) Oiapmaic, mac Conamj, cigfpna Ufcba, Decc. Cac pop ^allaib pm nOunabac, mac Scannldin, njfpna Ua piDjeince, Du i ccopcpaccap lie. Opjain 5l'nne Da locha, Sldine, -| pionnabpach abae la ^allaib. Duna&ac, mac Scannldin, cijfpna 5a^ra> °ecc. Suibne, mac Ctprpach, cijfpna ITluj- Dopn, DO mapbab la a cenel peipin. Conjalach, mac Qenjupa, njfpna Cheneoil Lao^aipe, Decc. 6ojan TTlaimpcpeac, abb Ctpoa TTlaca •) Cluana hGpaipo, Do ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD cpicha a cfcaip. Qn cpeap bliaDam Do Niall. bpeapal, mac Copbmaic, aipcmofc, .1. abb Cille Ouma -\ ceall naile, Decc. QoDa^an, mac Uopbaij, abb LuccmaiD, Decc ina ailechpe hi cCluain mic Noip. 6ojan, mac CteDajdm, po anpiDe hi cCluain mic Noip, conaD ua&a po cinpfc TTleic Cuinn na mbocc innce. Cumupgach, mac Ctengupa, ppioip Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Caoncompac, mac Siabail pfpcijip Cille Dapa, Decc.
who was one of the chiefs of Ulster in the first century ; now anglice Loughbrickland, a small town near a lough of the same name in the barony of Upper Iveagh, and county of Down. — See note ", under A. D. 1434, p. 862, infra.
* Airtri. — According to the list of the Arch- bishops of Armagh, preserved in the Psalter of Cashel, he sat in the see of Armagh for two years. Ware makes him succeed Flanngus in 822, and sit for eleven years ; but it is quite clear that he was disturbed by Eoghan Mainistreach, who was Lector of Monasterboice, and who was supported by Niall Caille, King of Aileach.
* Ui-Crimhthainn. — Otherwise Ui-Creamh- thainn, a tribe of the Oirghialla seated in the present baronies of Upper and Lower Slane, in
the county of Meath. — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 184, n. 9 ; and O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 76. See also note on Druim-Mic- Ua-Blae, under A. D. 830, supra ; and note on Achadh-farcha under A. D. 503, p. 163.
u OfGabhra: i.e. ofUi-Conaill-Gabhra, now the baronies of Upper and Lower Connello, in the county of Limerick. This Dunadhach was the head chieftain of all the Ui-Fidhgeinte. — See Appendix, Pedigree of O1 Donovan, p. 2436, line 2. In the Annals of Ulster his death is thus noticed at the year 834 : " Mors Dunadh- aig, mic Scanlain, regis hUa Fidgenti."
w Eoghan Mainistreach : i. e. Eoghan of Mai- nistir-Buithe, now Monasterboice. " Eugenius Monaster" is set down in the list of the Arch-
833.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 449
and he was taken prisoner, and afterwards killed at their ships. Artri8, son of Conchobhar, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died ; he was brother of the King of Oir- ghialla. Ruaidhri, son of Maelfothartach, half-chieftain of Ui-Crimhthainn1, died.
The Age of Christ, 833. The second year of Niall Caille. Tuathchar, Bishop and scribe of Cill-dara ; Affric, Abbess of Cill-dara ; Dunking, Abbot of Corcach ; and Finnachta, Abbot of Cill-Ite, died. Ceallach, son of Bran, King of Leinster, died. Cinaedh, son of Conaing, lord of Breagh, and Diarmaid, son of Conaing, lord of Teathbha, died. A battle [was gained] over the Danes by Dunadhach, son of Scannlan, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, wherein many were slain. The plundering of Gleann-da-locha, Slaine, and Finnabhair-abha, by the foreigners. Dunadhach, son of Scannlan, lord of Gabhrau, died. Suibhne, son of Artrach, lord of Mughdhorna, was killed by his own tribe. Conghalach, son of Aenghus, lord of Cinel-Laeghaire, died. Eoghan Mainistreachw, Abbot of Ard-Macha and Cluain-Eraird, died.
The Age of Christ, 834. The third year of Niall. Breasal, son of Cormac; Airchinneach, Abbot of Cill-dumha* and other churches ; Aedhagan, son of Torbach, Abbot of Lughmhadh, died on his pilgrimage at Cluain-mic-Nois. Eoghan, the son of [this] Aedhagan, remained at Cluain-mic-Nois, and from him descended Meic-Cuinn-na-mBochty there. Cumasgachz, son of Aenghus, Prior of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Caenchomhrac, son of Siadhal, (Economus of
bishops of Armagh, given in the Psalter of was kept there on the 26th of December — Se,e
Cashel, as successor of Artrigius, and Primate also Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland,
of Ireland for eight years. vol. ii. p. 235.
1 Citt-dumha — This should be Cill-dumha- » Meic-Cuinn-na-mBocht — "A.D. 832. Aegan
gloinn, now Kilglinn, in the parish of Balfeaghan, mac Torbie, abbot of Louth, died in pillgrimadge
barony of Upper Deece, and county of Meath — in Clonvicknose aforesaid, whose son, Owen mac
See the Ordnance Map, sheet 49. Torbey, remained in Clonvicknose aforesaid, of
" A. D. 834. Bresal mac Connaic princeps whome issued the familyes of Connemoght and
Cille-dumagloinn, et aliarum civitatum, moritur." Muintyr-Gorman. They are of the O'Kellys of
— Ann. UU. Brey."— Ann. Clon.
The church of Dumhagloinn is described in ' Cumasgach.—" A. D. 834. Cumuscach, mac
the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick (apud Colgan, Oengusa, Secnas Cluana mic Nois moritur."—
Trias Thaum., p. 129, col. 1), as "in regione Ann.UU.
Bregarum;" and it appears from O'Clery's Irish " A. D. 832. Comasgagh mac Enos, Abbot of
Calendar that the festival of Bishop St. Mogenog Clonvicknose, died." — Ann. Clon.
3 M !- • I
450
[834.
Sloijhfoh la Niall Caille, la pij Gpeann, co Laiynu, co po opoaij; pi poppo .1. bpan mac paeldm, ~\ DO bepc a peip. Inopfb TTIibe la Niall Caille, co po loipceab laip co cfgh TTlaelconoc, cijfpna Oealbna 6fcpa i mbobammaip. Opgain peaprta, -\ Cluana moip TTlae&6cc,i Opoma hlng la ^allaib. Lop- ccab TTlungaipDi -j apaile ceallu i nUpmurham leo Din. peapjup, mac babbcaba, rijfpna Caippge bpacaibe, DO mapbab la TTluimneachaib. Du- nabac, mac Scannldin, cijfpna Ua pibgeinre, Oecc. Gochaib, mac Concon- jjalca, cijfpna Ua Uuiprpe, Decc. 6p5abdil Caipppe, mic Cacail, cijfpna Laijfn Ofpjabaip. SapucchaD Cluana mic Noip Do Cacal, mac Qilella, njepna Ua TTIame, pop phlann, mac plaicbepcaij, DUfb popgjo, ppioip a TTlumam, con Do capD ipm Sionamn, co noopchaip. Olijf6 un. ceall Do Chiapdn -j mamcine mop. TTlaibm pia cCacal, mac Qilealla, pop peblimiD, mac Cpiomrainn, pi Caipil, hi TTlaij nf, bail in po mapbaic pochaiDe, conao Do po pdiDeab :
Ropcap cpen Connacca, hi TTlaij nf nipcap panna, Qbpab nfc pe peiblimib, CID Dia cca Loc na calla.
Caemclub abbab i nQpD TTIaca .1. popanodn 6 Raic mic TDalaip i nionaDh Diapmarra Uf Uijfpnaijh.
'A hosting — "A. D. 834. Slogh la Niall co Laigniu con ro digestar ri foraib .i. Bran mac Faelain."— 4rm. UU.
"A. D. 832. King Neale prepared an army, and went to Lynster, where he ordained Bran mac Foylan king of that provence." — Ann. Clon.
b Theplundering ofMeath "A. D. 832. King
Neale preyed and spoyled all Meath to the house of Moyleconoge, prince of Delvin Bethra, now called Mac Coghlan's countrey."—47m.(7&m.
c Bodkammair — Not identified. There was another place of this name near Cahir, in the county of Tipperary, but the name is lost there also.
d Druimrhlng — This, which was a monastery of St. Finntain, is mentioned in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 10th October, as in "Ui-Seaghain," a tribe and territory situated near Rath-Guile, in the barony of Eatoath, and county of Meath. —See note % under A. D. 741, p. 343, mtpra.
It is probably the place now called Dromin, situated near Dunshaughlin, in the county of Meath. The situation of Ui-Seaghain, in which Druim-hlng is placed, will appear from the fol- lowing passage in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick (apud Colgan, Trias Thaum., p. 151) :
" Inde" [ex Ath Hi-Liolcaigh juxta Enach- Conglais] " profectus vir sanctus ad fines Midise, venit ad arcem Rath-cuile, appellatum : ibique salutaria ejus consilia coelestemque doctrinam amplectentes, populos de Fera-cuil, et populos de Hy-Segain suae benedictionis hsereditate locu- plevit. Et mox veniens ad locum Bile-tortan vocatum jecit ibi fundamenta Ecclesias prope Ard-brecain que (ADomnvLch-Torlan postea dicta est"— Part iii. c. 14.
c Carraig Brachaidhe — A territory forming the north-west portion of the barony of Inish- owen, in the county of Donegal.
' Ui-Forga. — This was the name of a tribe
834.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
451
Cill-dara, died. A hosting3 was made by Niall Caille, King of Ireland, into Leinster; and he appointed a king over them, namely, Bran, son of Faelan, and obtained his demand. The plundering of Meathb by Niall Caille ; and it was burned by him as far as the house of Maelconoc, lord of Dealbhna Beathra, at Bodhammair0. The plundering of Fearna, Cluain-mor-Maedhog, and Druim- hlngd, by the foreigners. The burning of Mungairid and other churches in. Ormond by them also. Fearghus, son of Badhbhchadh, lord of Carraig-Brach- aidhe0, was slain by the Munstermen. Dunadhach, son of Scannlan, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died. Eochaidh, son of Cuchongalt, lord of Ui-Tuirtre, died. The capture of Cairbre, son of Cathal, lord of South Leinster. Cluain-mic- Nois was profaned by Cathal, son of Ailell, lord of Ui-Maine, against the prior, Flann, son of Flaithbheartach, [one] of the Ui-Forgaf of Munster, whom he cast into the Sinainn*, and killed. The rights of seven churchesh [were for this] given to Ciaran, and a great consideration. A defeat was given by Cathal, son of Ailill, to Feidhlimidh, son of Crimhthann, King of Caiseal, in Magh-I', where many were slain ; of which was said :
The Connaughtmen were mighty ; in Magh-I they were not feeble ; Let any one inquire of Feidhlimidh, whence Loch-na-callak is [named].
A change of abbots1 at Ard-Macha, i. e. Forannan of Kath-mic-Malaism in place of Diarmaid Ua Tighearnaigh.
seated at and around Ardcroney, near Nenagh, in the county of Tipperary.
* Sinainn : i. e. the Shannon.
h The rights of seven churches: i. e. the reve- nues of seven churches in Hy-Many were for- feited to Clonmacnoise, and other considerations given in atonement for the profanation of the church and slaying of the prior. The same fact is referred to in the pedigree of Ui-Maine, in the Book of Lecan, fol. 90. The eric, however, did not fully atone for the sacrilege, for it ap- pears from the genealogies that the senior line of Maine Mor became extinct in Cathal mac Ailella, and the chieftainship was transferred to the race of his distant relative, Ceallach mac Finnachta, i. e. the O'Kellys.
Si
' Magh-I. — This should be Magh-Ai, or Ma- chair e-Chonnacht.
k Loch-na-calla : i. e. Lake of the Shouting ; a name imposed by the Ui-Maine after their victory over the King of Munster. The name is now obsolete.
1 A change of abbots.—" A. D. 834. Fit Mu- tatio Abbatis Ardmachae Farennanus de Rath- mic-Malus sufficitur loco Diermitii Hua Tiger- naich."_Tnas Thaum., p. 295.
" A. D. 834. The changinge of Abbots in Ardmacha, viz., Forannan of Eath-Maluis in place of Dermod Ua Tiernaig." — Ann. Uh. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
m Rath-mic-Malais : i. e. the Rath of the Son of Malus. Not identified.
a
452
[835.
Goip Cpiopc, ochr cceo cpiocha a cuicc. Qn cfrpamaD bliaoam DO Niall. popbapach.eppcop -\ an^coipe Lupca, Suibne, mac lop ep, abb ^hnne Da locha [DCCC]. Ceallach, mac popbapaij, aipcinneach Ropa Commcun, Do mapbab. Saop jap Ua Cionae6a,abb Oeapmaije, piacpa, mac Ouiboacpioch, abb Cluana pooa Liobpain, -\ Robapcac, mac TTlaeluiDip, abb Ctchaib bo Camnij, oecc. Dunlanj, mac Carupaij, corhapba 6appa Copcaije, oecc. J^abail Depcaicche Cilte oapa pop popanndn,abba6 Gpoa TTIaclia, co pamab paopaicc apcfna, la peblimm, mac Cpiorhcainn, co car ~\ loDna, -) po gabaD na cleipij leip co na numaloic. Cluam mop TTlaeDocc Do Iopcca6 oiDce Noolacc la ^allaib, ~\ pochaiDe mop DO mapbao leo, amaille 16 bpai joib lomDaib Do bpeic leo. Deprech ^^iririe Da locha DO lopccao leo Dna. Cpioch Connaclic uile Do DiorlaicpiujhaD leo map an cceDna. TTleap mop enp cno meap ~\ Daip rhfp,l po la&glaipi co po anpac Do piuc. Ceall Dapa Do opjam Do ^hallaib Inbip Oeaa, i Do loipccfo Ifch na cille leo. Caipbpe, mac THaoileDuin, cijfpna Locha jabap, Do rhapbab la TTIaolcfpnaij. Oiapmairc DO ool 50 Connaccaib le le;r paccpaicc. ^oppaiD, mac pfpjupa, roipeach Oipjiall DO )mcfcr 50 hGlbam DO nfpcujao Ohail Riaoa, cpe popcongpab Chionace mic Qilpin.
° Cluain-foda-Librain : i. e. St. Libran's long Lawn or Meadow; now Clonfad, a townland con- taining the ruins of an old church in a parish of the same name, about two miles to the north of Tyrell's Pass, in the barony of Fertullagh, and county of Westmeath. Colgan has given all that he could gather of the history of St. Libra- nus of this place, in his Ada Sanctorum, at xi. Martii, p. 584 ; but he states that he does not know whether he was of Cluain-foda in Fera- Tulach, in Meath, or of Cluain-fota in Fiadh-mor, in Leinster. But in a note in the copy of the Feilire-Aenguis, preserved in the Leabhar-Breac, at 21st August, it is stated that Cluain-foda- Fine, in Fera-Tulach, was otherwise called Cluain-foda-Librein. The same statement is to be found in O'Clery's Irish Calendar, at 21st of August, thus : " Duodecimo Gal. Sept., Seanac, 6rP°5° Chluain pooa pine i BpeapuiBCulac .1. Cluam pooa 6ibpem, ajup comapba pin-
nein, i. e. Duodecimo Gal. Sept. Seanach, Bishop of Cluain-foda-Fine, in Feara-Tulach, i. e. Cluain- foda-Librein, and successor of St. Finnen." It is to be distinguished from Cluain-foda-Bae- tain-abha, which is situated in the adjoining barony of Farbill ; for some account of which see Colgan's A eta Sanctorum, pp. 304, 306; and note °, under A. D. 577, p. 209, supra.
"Dunlang — "A. D. 835. Dunlang mac Ca- thusaigh, princeps Corcaige moire, moritur sine communione, in Caisil Begum." — Ann. Ult.
p Forannan — These are given under the same year in the Annals of Ulster, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise under 833, as follows :
" A. D. 833. Felym mac Criowhayn took the church of Killdare on Foranan, abbot of Ard- mach, and substitute of St. Patrick, and therein committed outrages. The church of Gleanda- logha was burnt, and the church of Killdare ransacked by the Danes. The Danes, upon the
835.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 453
The Age of Christ, 835. The fourth year of Niall. Forbhasach, Bishop and anchorite of Lusca, [and] Suibhne, son of Joseph, Abbot of Gleann-da- locha, [died]. Ceallach, son of Forbhasach, airchinneach of Ros-Commain, was slain. Saerghus, Abbot of Dearmhach ; Fiachra, son of Dubhdachrich, Abbot of Cluain-foda-Librainn; and Robhartach, son of Maeluidhir, Abbot of Achadh- bo-Cainnigh, died. Dunlang", son of Cathasaigh, successor of Bara of Corcach, died. The taking of the oratory of Cill-dara upon Forannanp, Abbot of Ard- Macha, with all the congregation of Patrick likewise, by Feidhlimidh, by battle and arms ; and the clergy were taken by him with their submission. Cluain- mor-Maedhog was burned on Christmas night by the foreigners ; and a great number was slain by them, and many prisoners were carried off. The oratory of Gleann-da-locha was also burned by them. All the country of Connaughf was likewise desolated by them. Great produce both of masts and acorns, which so choked up the brooks that they ceased running. Cill-dara was plundered by the foreigners of .Inbher-Deaar, and half the church was burned by them. Cairbre, son of Maelduin, lord of Loch-Gabhar8, was slain by Maelcearnaigh. Diarmaid' [Archbishop of Ard-Macha] went to Connaught with the law of Patrick. Gofraidh, son of Fearghus, chief of Oirghialla, went to Alba, to strengthen the Dal-Riada, at the request of Cinaeth, son of Ailpin.
Nativity of our Lord, in the night, entered the of pip Clpe See Ussher's Primardia, pp. 845,
church of Clonmore-Moyeog, and there used 846. See also note b, under A. D. 430 ; and many cruelties, killed many of the clergy, and note a, under 431, pp. 129, 130. This place was took many of them captives. There was abun- in the territory of Ui-Garchon, which contained dance of nutts and acorns this year; and they Gleann Fhaidhle, now Glenealy, and Kath-Naoi, were so plenty that, in some places, where shal- now Kathnew, near Wicklow. low brookes runn under the trees, men might ' Loch-Gabhar Now Lagore, near Dun- go dry shod, the waters were so full of them, shaughlin, in Meath.
The Danes this year harried and spoy led all the "A. D. 835. Coirpre mac Maelduin, rex
province of Connaught, and confines thereof, Locha-Gabhor jugttlatus eft o Maelcernaig, et
outragiously." Maelcerna juguLatus est o Coirpriu in eodem hora,
''Connaught. — "Vastatio crudelissima a Gentili- et mortui sunt ambo in una node. Prima preda
bus omnium Connachtorum." — A nn. Ult. gentilium o Deiscert Breg .i. o Thelcaibh Dro-
' Iribher-Deaa : i. e. Ostium Fluminis Dece por- man et o Dermaigh-Briton, et captivos plures
tus regionis Cuolenorum. This was the ancient duxerunt et mortificaverunt multos, et captivos plu-
name of the mouth of the little River Vartry, rimos abstulerunt." — Ann. Ult.
which falls into the sea at Wicklow, and has its l Diarmaid. — " A. D. 835. Dermaid do dul co
present name from flowing through the territory Connachta cum lege et vexillis Patrioti." — A nn. Ult.
454
[836.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo rpiocha ape. Gn cui^eaD blia&mn Do Niall Chaille. plaicpi, abb TTlainipopech buice, eppcop -) anjcoipe, peDach, abb Cille Oelcce, -| TTlapcam, eppcop Cluana caoin, Decc. Raoinfo pop TTluirii- neachaib pia Cacal, mac TTluipjiupa. Carol, mac TTluipjeapa, mic Comal- caij, pf Connacnr;, Decc mpom. Riajan, mac Pinnacca, lerpf Laijfn, Decc. TTlaelDuin, mac Sfchnupaijh, cijfpna pfp cCul, Decc. Ouiblicip O6ap 6 Uempaij Do epjabail DO ^5aVlaitin bay cuimpij DO imbipc paip ma lonj;aib lapom, co nOopcaip leo. Coblach cpf pichic long Do Nopcmannib pop boinn. Luchc cpf picic lonj oile pop abainn Cipce. Ro aipgpfc ~\ po lonnpaippfc an Da mop coblac pin THaj Lipce, ~| TTTlaj 6pfj, einp ceallai conjbala, Daoine •] Deijcpeba, cpoD ~\ cfcpa. Raeinfo pia bpeapaib 6p% pop ^nallaib i TTIujDopnaib 6pfj, co ccopcpaccap pe picicc DO ^hallaib ipin ngleo pin. Cachppaoinfo pia n^allaib oc Inbeap na mbapc pop Uib Neill 6 Sionamn
" Cluain-caein : i. e. secessm amcenus sine delec- tabilis, the beautiful lawn or meadow, now Clonkeen, in the barony of Ardee, and county of Louth. This church is described in the Tri- partite Life of St. Patrick as in Fera-Rois — See Trias Thaum., pp. 162 and 185, n. 96.
"' A fleet of sixty ships These entries are
given in the old translation of the Annals of Ulster, thus :
" A. D. 836. A navy of thre score ships of the Northmans upon Boinn, another of three score upon Lifi, who carried away in those two shipings all that they could lay hands on in Mabregh and Malifi, and in all their churches, townes, and houses. An overthrow by the men of Mabregh upon the foreigners at Decinn, in that parte called Mughdorna-Bregh, that six score of them were slain. A battle given by the Gentiles of Invernamark by the Nury, upon O'Nells, from Sinan to sea, where such a havock was made of the O'Nells that few but their chief kings escaped." — Ann. Uti., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
In Mageoghegan's translation of the Annals of Clonmacnoise these events are noticed under
A. D. 834, as follows :
" A. D. 834. A fleet of 60 sailes was on the river of Boyne by the Danes, and another of 60 on the river of Liffie, which two fleets spoyled and destroyed all the borders of Liffie and Moy- brey altogether. Moybrey [men] gave an over- throw to the Danes in Mogorn, where there were 120 of them killed. The O'Neales gave" [recte received] "a great overthrow to" \recte from] "the Danes, at Inver-ne-marke, where they were pursuing them from Synan to the sea, and made such slaughter on them that there was not such heard of in a long space before ; but the chiefest captaines of the Danes" [recte of the Ui-Neill] " escaped."
This last passage is very incorrectly translated by Mageoghan.
1 Abhainn-Liphthe. — Anglice Anna-Lifley, i. e. the Eiver Liffey, which washes Dublin.
y Magh-Liphthe : i. e. the Plain of the Lifiey. Keating (in the reign of Niall Cailne) states that Magh-Liffe was the county of Dublin ; and this is taken for granted by old Charles O'Conor of Belanagare, who makes it the same as the county of Dublin on his map of Scotia Antigua,
836.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
455
The Age of Christ, 836. The fifth year of Niall Caille. Flaithri, Abbot of Mainistir-Buithe, bishop and anchorite ; Fedach, Abbot of Cill-Ddge ; and Martin, Abbot of Cluain-caeinu, died. A victory was gained over the Munster- men by Cathal, son of Muirghius. Cathal, son of Muirghius, son of Tomaltach, King of Connaught, died [soon] after. Riagan, son of Finnachta, half king of Leinster, died. Maelduin, son of Seachnasach, lord of Feara-Cul, died. Dubh- litir Odhar, of Teamhair, was taken prisoner by the foreigners, who afterwards put him to death in his gyves, at their ships, and thus he fell by them ! A fleet of sixty shipsw of Norsemen on the Boyne. Another fleet of sixty ships on the Abhainn-Liphthex. These two fleets plundered and spoiled Magh-Liphthe^ and Magh-Breaghz, both churches and habitations of men, and goodly tribes, flocks, and herds. A battle was gained by the men of Breagh over the foreigners in Mughdhorna-Breagh"; and six score of the foreigners were slain in that battle. A battle was gained by the foreigners, at Inbhear-na-mbarcb, over [all] the Ui-Neillc, from the Sinainn to the sea, where such slaughter was made as never
in his Dissertations on • the ancient History of Ireland ; but Magh-Liphthe lies principally in the present county of Kildare, through which the Liffey winds its course; for we learn from the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick (part iii. c. xviii., apud Colgan, Trias Thaum., p. 152), that the churches of Killashee and old Kilcullen are in it — See Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. i. pp. 273, 276.
1 Magh-Breagh — A great plain in the east of ancient Meath, comprising five cantreds or baro- nies, and lying principally between Dublin and Drogheda. The church of Slane is described in an old Life of St. Patrick, quoted by Ussher (Primord., p. 850), as " in regione Breg prope Jtuvium pulcherrimum etfertilem Boyn ;" and the churches of Magh-bolg, Ros-eo, Trevet, and Daimhliag, are mentioned in various authorities as in this plain — See note k, under A. D. 683, p. 289, supra ; and note c, under A. D. 1292, pp. 455, 456, infra.
* Mughdhorna- Breagh — See note under A. D. 807.
h Inbhear-na-mbarc : i. e. the inver or river- mouth of the barques or ships. According to the old translator of the Annals of Ulster, this place was " by the Nury ;" but this would ap- pear to be an error, as it is not in the original Irish, and it is more probable that Inbhear na mBarc was the ancient name of the mouth of the river of Rath-Inbhir, near Bray.
" Over the Ui-Neill : i. e. over all the southern Ui-Neill, or race of Niall of the Nine Hostages, who were seated in the ancient Meath, extend- ing from the River Shannon to the sea. Ma- geoghegan has totally mistaken and reversed the meaning of this passage, as if he wished to rob the Danes of this victory, and give it to his own sept, the Nepotes Neill-Naighiallaigh. But the old translator of the Annals of Ulster, and the original Irish of the passage, as preserved by the Four Masters, and in the Annals of Ulster, en- able us to correct him. It is given as follows in the Annals of Ulster :
" A. D. 836. Bellurn re Genntib oc Inbiur na mbarc for hUib Neill 6 Sinainn co muir, du
456 QNNaca Rio^hachca emeawN. [837-
co muip,Du in poldoh dp nac paipmfoh piarh, ace nama eepnaipfc na pioja -| na puipij, na cpmca 1 na roipecha jan aipleach gan arcuma. Cealla Loca hGipne Do bflgfnc la ^allaib im Cluam Goaip, -] im Oaiminip, -\c. Cealla Caicceine, Imp Gealcpa,-) Cill Pinnce, Do lopccab la ^allaib. Ino- pfoh Ceniuil Coipppe Cpuim la peiblimib, mac Cpiomcamn. Sa^olb, roipeac na n^all, DO mapbab la Ciannaccaib. Ctp pop 5^ia^a1^ occ ^af Ruaib. dp poppa 05 Capn pfpabaij. TTlaibm na bpeapra pia n^allaib. Ceo £abdil Qca cliac la J5al^al°-
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceD rpiocha a peachr. Ctn feipeaD bliabam Do Niall. S. Oocaca, naorh eppcop -| anscoipe, DO popbaD a beijbfcha ipin cfnnrup ceo po paoiD a ppiopar DO cum nime. Copbmac, eppcop -\ pcpibmb Cille poibpic, Deg. Uijfpnac, mac CteDa, ab pionnab'pac aba -| ceall naile, Decc. Ggnech Cille Oelcce, eppcop, abb, -\ pcpibneoip, Do mapb'aD co na muincip la ^ailfn^aib. 6pan pionnjlaipi, eppcop •) pcpib'niD, 065. Ceallac, mac Coipppe, abb Ctcha Upuim, Decc. RuaiDpi, mac Oonnchaoa, ppioip Cluana hlopaipD, -| abb ceall nolle apcfna Decc. Oomnall, mac QeDha, abb OpomaUpchaille, Decc. Ceallac, mac Copjpai^, abb Ctipeccail Ciapocc. T?ioj6dl mop hi cCluain Conaipe Uomdin, eicip MiallCaille,-] peiblimiD.mac
irrolad ar nad rairimedh. Primireges evaserunt." at Ballylongford, in the north of the county of
i. e. " A. D. 836. A battle by the Gentiles at Kerry — See note g, under A. D. 622, p. 245,
Inver-na-mbarc, over the Ui-Neill, from the supra.
Shannon to the sea, where a slaughter not rec- ' Cill-Finnche — In the gloss to the Feilire-
koned was made. The chief kings escaped." Aenguis this church is described as near a great
d The churches of Loch-Eirne — This is incor- hill, called Dorn-Buidhe, in Magh-Raighne, in
rectly stated by the Four Masters. It should Osraighe. It has not been yet identified.
be: " The churches of Loch Eirne, as Daimhinis, e Race of Cairbre-Crom : i. e. the people of
&c., together with Cluain-Eois and other churches Ui-Maine, in Connaught.
situated at some distance from that lake, were h Cianachta : i.e. the Cianachta-Breagh, seated
destroyed by the Pagan Danes." Daimhinis is at and around Duleek, in the east of Meath.
one of the churches of Loch-Erne — See note *, " A. D. 834. Saxolve, chief of the Danes, was
under A. D. 563, p. 203, supra. Cluain-Eois, killed by those of Kynaghta." — Ann. Clon.
now Clones, is several miles to the east of that 'Eas-ruaidh — Now Assaroe, at Ballyshannon,
lake. in the county of Donegal.
e The churches of Laichtene. — The churches of k Cam- Fear adhaigh. — A place in the south
St. Lachtin were Achadh-Ur, now Freshford, in of the county of Limerick — See note h, under
the county of Kilkenny ; Bealach-abhra in Mus- A. D. 622, p. 245.
craighe, in the county of Cork; and Lis- Lachtin, ' Fearta : i. e. the Graves. There are several
837-] . ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 457
before was heard of ; however, the kings and chieftains, the lords and toparchs, escaped without slaughter or mutilation. The churches of Loch-Eirned were destroyed by the foreigners, with Cluain-Eois and Daimhinis, &c. The churches of Laichtene", Inis-Cealtra, and Cill-Finnchef, were burned by the foreigners. The plundering of the race of Cairbre-Cromg by Feidhlimidh, son of Crimh- thann. Saxolbh, chief of the foreigners, was slain by the Cianachtah. A slaughter was made of the foreigners at Eas-Kuaidh'. A slaughter of them at Carn- Fearadhaighk. The victory of Fearta1 was gained by the foreigners. The first taking of Ath-cliathm by the foreigners.
The Age of Christ, 837. The sixth year of Niall. St. Dochata", holy bishop and anchorite, finished his virtuous life in this world, and resigned his spirit to heaven. Cormac, Bishop and scribe of Cill Foibrich, died. Tighear- nach°, son of Aedh, Abbot of Finnabhair-abha and other churches, died. Egnech of Cill-Delge, bishop, abbot, and scribe, was killed, with [all] his people, by the Gaileangap. Bran of Finnghlais, bishop and scribe, died. Ceallach, son of Cairbre, Abbot of Ath-Truim, died. Ruaidhri, son of Donnchadh, Prior of Cluain-Irard, and abbot of other churches too, died. Domhnall, son of Aedh, Abbot of Druim-Urchailleq, died. Ceallach, son of Cosgrach, Abbot of Airegal- Ciarogr, [died]. A great royal meeting at Cluain-Conaire-Tomain8, between
places of this name in Ireland ; but the place or Spaniel Hill, in the county of Clare.
here referred to is probably Fearta-fear-Feig, " A. D. 837. Domhnall, mac Aedha, Princeps
which was a place on the Boyne, close to Slane, Dronia Urchaille, moritur." — Ann. UU.
in the county of Meath. ' Airegal-Ciarog — Otherwise called Airegal-
m Ath-cliath : i. e. Dublin. "A. D. 834. The Dachiarog ; now Errigal-Keeroge, in Tyrone —
first taking and possession of the Danes in Dub- See note under A. D. 805. In the Annals of
lin was this year." — Ann. Clon. Ulster this passage is given as follows :
" St. Dochata. — " A. D. 837- Docutu, sanctus " A. D. 837. Ceallach, mac Coscraich, Princeps
Episcopia, et Anchorita Slane, vitam senilemfdi- ind Airicuil Dachiarog, mortuus est;" which Dr.
citer finivit" — Ann. Ult. O'Conor incorrectly translates, p. 213: "Ceal-
° Tighearnach — " A. D. 837. Tigernach, mac lach mac Coscraich, Princeps Darcuilensis, morbo
Aedha, Albas Findubrach Abae, et aliarum civi- ulceris inveterati, mortuus est."
tatum, dormivit." — Ann. Ult. ' Cluain-Conaire-Tomain — In the gloss to the
p Gaileanga : i. e. the Gail eanga-mora, seated FeiHre-Aeitguis, at 16th September, "Cluain-
in the present barony of Morgallion, in the Conaire-Tomain" is described as i cucupcipc
county of Meath. TlUa paelain, in the north of Ui-Faelain. It
i Druim- Urchaille : i. e. Ridge or Long Hill is the place now called Cloncurry, situated in
of the Greenwood. This may be Cnoc-Urchoille, the barony of Oughteranny, in the north of the
458 dNNata Rioshachca eiReaNN. [838.
Cpiorhcamn. TTlaelcpon, mac Cobraij, cijffina Loca Lein, Decc. Spaoinfb pia ngeincib pop Connaccaib, in po mapbao TTlaoloum, mac TTluipjfpa, mic Uomalcaij, co pochaiDib amaille ppip. bpan, mac paeldin, 6 pdicep Ui paoldin, pi Laijfn, oecc. Conjalac, mac TTlaonaij, njepna Ua Tflic Uaip bpfgh, Decc.
Ctoir Cpiopr, ochc cceD cpiocha a hochc. Gn peacrmaD bliaDam Do Niall. TTlaolgaiTTipiD, pgpibneoip cojaiDe, angcoipe,-] abb bfnnchaip, Qmfn, ppioip Cluana mic Noip, -] abb Ropa Cpe, Cotmdn, mac Robapcaij, abb Sldme, TTlaolpuanaiD, mac Cacail, pecnabb Lupcan, Copbmac, mac Conaill, abb Upeoic, i Reaccabpa, abb Leic TTlocaomocc, Decc. TTluipfoliach, mac Gachach, mic piachach, pi coicciD Concobaip, Do mapbaD ta a bpaicpib, Qeoh 1 Genjap, co pochaiDib oile cenmocapom. Qooh, mac Gacac, Do mapbaD la TTlaDaDan, mac TTIuipeaoliaij. T?o jabpac mupcoblac Do ^hal- laib pop Coc Garhach. Ro Jiupca -] po haipjce cuaca •) cealla cuaipceipc Gpeann leo. LopccaD peapna i Copcaije moipe la ^a^aiD- Commupjac, mac Conjalaij, ojCpna Ciannacra, Decc. CinneiDiD, mac Conjalaij, cij- eapna Ua TTlic Uaip, DO mapbaD la a bpdcaipib. CaemhcluD abbaoh i nCtpo TTlacha, .1. Oiapmaicc Ua Cijfpnaigh i nionaoh phopanodm 6 T?dich mic TTlaluip.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceo cpiocha anaoi. Qn cochcmaD blia&ain Do Niall. lopep Roip moip, eppcop -| pcpibneoip Deappcaijce, abb Cluana heoaipi
county of Kildare. — See note °, under the year of Tara. They are to be distinguished from the
586, p. 212, supra. The old translator of the Ui-Mic-Uais-Teathbha, who gave name to the
Annals of Ulster anglicises this name Cloncurry ; present barony of Moygoish, in the north of the
and Mageoghegan, Clonconrie-Tomayne, thus : county of Westmeath.
"A. D. 837- A great kingly parly at Clon- w Vice-abbot. — Secnap is explained " secundus
curry, between Felim and Nell." — Cod.Clarend., abbas" in Cormac's Glossary, and prior by the
torn. 49- Four Masters.
" A. D. 835. There was a great meeting be- • Province of Conchobhar : i. e. the province
tween King Neale and Felym mac Criowhayn, of Conchobhar Mac Nessa, who was King of all
at Cloncrie-Tomayne." — Ann. Clon. Ulster in the beginning of the first century :
' Ui-Faelain — This was the name of a tribe " A. D. 838. Mureach mac Echtach, king of
seated in the plains of Magh-Laighean and Magh- Cuige Conor (Ulster), died by the hands of his
Liffe, in the north of the present county of Kil- kinsmen, viz. Hugh and Aengus, assisted with
dare. — See note g, under A. D. 1203. many more." — Ann.Ult., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49-
" Ui-Mic- Uais-Breagh A tribe seated in " A. D. 836. Moriegh mac Eahagh, king of
Magh Breagh, in East Meath, to the south-west Ulster, was killed by his own brothers, Hugh
838.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 459
Niall Caille and Feidhlimidh, son of Crimhthann. Maelcron, son of Cobhthach, lord of Loch Lein, died. A battle was gained by the Gentiles over the Con- naughtmen, wherein was slain Maelduin, son of Murgheas, son of Tomaltach, with numbers of others along with him. Bran, son of Faelan, from whom is named Ui-Faelain', King of Leinster, died. Conghalach, son of Maenach, lord of Ui-Mic-Uais-Breaghu.
The Age of Christ, 838. The seventh year of Niall. Maelgaimhridh, a select scribe, anchorite and Abbot of Beannchair ; Aidean, Prior of Cluain- mic-Nois, and Abbot of Ros-Cre ; Colman, son of Robhartach, Abbot of Slaine ; Maelruanaidh, son of Cathal, Vice-abbotw of Lusca ; Cormac, son of Conall, Abbot of Treoit ; Reachtabhra, Abbot of Liath-Mochaemhog, died. Muireadh- ach, son of Eochaidh, son of Fiacha, King of the province of Conchobhar*, was killed by his brothers, Aedh and Aenghus, with many others besides them. Aedh, son of Eochaidh, was killed by Madadhan, son of Muireadhach. A marine fleet7 of the foreigners took up on Loch Eathach. The territories and churches of the North of Ireland were plundered and spoiled by them. The burning of Fearna and Corcach-mor by the foreigners. Commasgach, son of Conghalach, lord of Cianachta, died. Cinneididh", son of Conghalach, lord of Ui-Mic-Uais, was killed by his brother. A change of abbots* at Ard-Macha, i.'e. Diarmaid Ua Tighearnaigh in the place of Forannan of Rath-mic-Maluis.
The Age of Christ, 839. The eighth year of Niall. Joseph of Ros-morb, bishop and distinguished scribe, Abbot of Cluain-eois and other churches, died.
and Enos ; and Hugh mac Eahagh was killed * A change of abbots. — " The changinge of
by Mathew" [recte Maddan] " mac Moriey." — Diarmaid O'Tiernay for Foranan of Eathmaluis
Ann. Clon. to be Abbot of Ardmach." — Ann. UU., Cod. Cla-
? A marine fleet. — "A. D. 838. An army of the rend., torn. 49.
forrainers upon Loch Each, that from thence b Eos-mor : i. e. the Great Wood. This is the
they vexed all Ireland, temporall and church place in the county of Monaghan from which
land, towards the North." — Ann. UU., Cod. Cla- Lord Eossmore takes his title. The Four Mas-
rend., torn. 49. ters seem to have adopted the chronology of the
" A. D. 836. The Danes made a forte, and Annals of Ulster at this period, for this entry is
had shipping on Logh Neagh, of purpose and given in the latter Annals at 839, as follows : intent to waste and spoyle the North from " A. D. 839. Joseph Koiss-moir, Episcojrus, et
thence, and did accordingly." — Ann. Clon. scriba optimus, et Ancorita, Abbas Cluana Auis, et
' Cinneididh " A. D. 838. Cenneitig, mac aliarum civitatum, dormivit."
Congalaig, Eex Nepotum filiorum Cuais Bregh, a The obit of this Joseph is given in the Annals
suofratre, Cele, dolose jugulatus est." — Ann. UU. of Clonmacnoise, at the year 837, as follows :
3N2
460 dNNata raioshachca eiraecwN. [840.
ceall naile, Decc. Opcanac, eppcop Citle Dapa, Gipmfohach, abb l?oppa hailicip, Cpunnmaol, ppioip Ofprhaije, TTIaelcuile Ceicjlinne, Gipfchcach Chille manach,i bepiccip Uulca leip Decc 6 Oecembep. Innpfb pfp cceall, -| Oealbna Gacpa la Niall Caille. Opgain Lujjmaib la ^allaib Loca hGachach, •) po j;abpac bpaijoe lomba Deppuccoib ~\ Do baomib eaccnaibe pojlamra, i puccpac mcc Do com a longpopr lap mapbab pochai&e oile leo beop. TTlupchaD, mac Qe&a, pi Connachc, Decc. Oubodbapc, cijfpna Ofp- riiuThan, Decc. Cionaeb, mac Copccpaig, rijfpna bpf^mame i Ufchba[oecc]. Lopccan QpDa TDacha co na Dfpraijib,"] co na Daimliacc, lap na ^allaib peiriipdice. peDlimiD, mac Cpiomcamn, pf TTlumaTi, DO inopeab TTliDe -| bpfj, co nDeipiD i Ufmpai j, mp njabdil giall Connacc i naon 16, conab Do pin po pdiD Ceallac, mac Cumapjaij :
dp e peblimiD an pf, DianiD obaip aon lairhi, 6cpiji Connacc gan car, acup TTiiDe Do manDpaD.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceD cfcpaca. Qn nomhab blia&ain DO Niall. ITlaol- Diorpaib, anjcoipe -\ egnaiD Cipe Da jlap, 065. Lonjpopc ace Cinn Ouacaill Ia5a^a^? ar T10 nuP^a "1 P° haipgre cuaca -| cealla Ueacba. Lonjpopc oile 05 Ouiblinn, ap po hupca Laijin -\ hUf Neill, ecip ruara ~| cealla, co Sliab 6la6ma. Sloijfb la peiDlimiD co Capmain. Sloijfo la Niall ap a cfnn co TTlaj noccaip.
bachall peblimiD p'jlij poppa^baiD ip na opoijmj,
Oup puce Niall co neapc uaca, a ceapc an caca cloiDmij.
" A. D. 837. Joseph of Rossemore, bushopp, They had another forte at Dublin, from whence
scribe, and a venerable anchorite, died. He was they did also destroy the lands of Lynster, and
abbot of Cloness and other places." of the 0 Neals of the South, to the Mount[ain]
c The plundering of Lughmhadh. — " A. D. 839. of Sliew-Bloome." — Ann. Clon.
Orggain Lughmhadh di Loch Echdach o Genn- d The burning of Ard-Macha — " A. D. 839-
tib, qui at episcopos, et presbiteros, et sapientes, Loscadh Airddmachse co na Derthighib ocus a
captivos duxenmt, et alias mortificaverunt." — Doimliag." — Ann. Ult.
Ann. Ult. " A. D. 837. Ardmach, the town, church, and
"A. D. 838. The Danes continued yet in" all, was burnt by the Danes." — Ann. Clon.
[recte at, or on] " Lough Neagh, practizing their ' Rested at Teamhair. — " A. D. 839- Felim,
wonted courses. They had a forte at Lyndwa- king of Mounster, spoyled Meath and Bregh,
chill, from whence they destroyed all the tern- until he sojourned at Tarach, et in ilia vice the
porall and church land of the con trey of Teaffa. spoyle of church towns and of Behne by Nell
840.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 461
Orthanach, Bishop of Cill-dara ; Airmeadhach, Abbot of Ros-ailither ; Crunn- mhael, Prior of Dearmhach ; Maeltuile of Leithghlinn ; and Aireachtach of Cill-Manach, [died]. Berichtir of Tulach-leis died on the 6th of December. The plundering of Feara-Ceall and Dealbhna-Eathra by Niall Caille. The plundering of Lughmhadh" by the foreigners of Loch-Eathach ; and they made prisoners of many bishops and other wise and learned men, and carried them to their fortress, after having, moreover, slain many others. Murchadh,son of Aedh, King of Connaught, died. Dubhdabharc, lord of South Munster, died. Cin- aedh, son of Coscrach, lord of Breaghmhaine, in Teathbha, [died]. The burning of Ard-Machad, with its oratories and cathedral, by the aforesaid foreigners. Feidhlimidh, King of Munster, plundered Meath and Breagh ; and he rested at Teamhairc, after having in one day taken the hostages of Connaught ; of which Ceallach, son of Cumasgach, said :
Feidhlimidh is the king, to whom it was but one day's work
[To obtain] the hostages of Connaught without a battle, and to devastate Meath.
I
The Age of Christ, 840. The ninth year of Niall. Maeldithraibh, ancho- rite and wise man of Tir-da-ghlas, died. A fortress [was erected] by the foreigners at Linn-Duachaill, out of which the territories and churches of Teathbha were plundered and preyed. Another fortress [was erected] by them at Duibhlinnf, out of which they plundered Leinster and the Ui-Neill, both territories and churches, as far as Sliabh-Bladhmag. An army was led by Feidhlimidh to Carman11. An army was led by Niall to Magh-ochtair1, to meet him.
The crozierk of the devout Feidhlimidh was left in the shrubbery,
Which Niall by force bore away from them, by right of the battle of swords.
mac Hugh." — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. army by Felim as farr as Carmain. An army
" A. D. 837. Felym mac Criowhan, king of by Nell before them to Magh Ochtair." — Ann.
Munster, preyed and spoyled all Meath and Ult., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. Moybrey, and rested at Taragh." — Ann. Clon. " A. D. 838. Felym mac Criowhayn came with
' Duibhlinn. — Now Dublin. The site of this a great army to Logh Carman, alias Weixford,
fort is now occupied by the castle of Dublin. and there was met with" [i.e. by] "kingeNeal
* Sliabh-Bladhma — Now Slieve Bloom, in the and another great army." — Ann. Clon. King's county, to which the country of the ' Magh-ochtair. — See note under A. D. 586. southern Ui-Neill, or ancient Meath, extended. k The crazier. — This is inserted in a modern
h Carman. — Now Wexford. " A. D. 840. An hand in the Stowe copy. The reader must bear
462
aNNac,a
emecmR
[841.
Opjain Cluana heiDnfch, -\ Diljfno Cluana hlopaipo -] Cille hachaiD Opumacai, la ^jallaib. SpaoineaO pop TTlaolpuanaiD, mac Oonnchaba, .1. araip TTlhaoilfchloinn an pij, la OiapmuiD, mac Concobaip, -\ Oiapmaicc Do rhapbaoh la TTlaelpeachlamn ipin 16 ceOna.
Goip Cpiopc, ochc cceo cfcpaca a haen. Qn DfchmaD bliabain Do Niall. Caorhdn, abbLinne Duacaill, DO mapbaD,-| [DO] lopccaD la 5al^a'°- Ceal- lac, mac Caicjeinn, abb Opoma moip la hUib Gachoach, oecc. Suibne Ua Ceimnen, abb 5^lr1Tie Da locha, Decc. pineacca, mac bpfpail, abb Chille ouma, CompuD, mac Ruamlupa, abb Oomnaij Seachnaillj Ulopan, mac Inopechcaij, abb Clocaip mic nOaimem, -| TTluipfDhac, mac Cfpnaig, pep- cijiy1 Qpoa macha, Decc. Opgain Cluana mic Noip la ^allaib Cinne Ouac- aille. Opjain Dfpipc OiapmaDa la ^allaib Chaoil uipcce. Opjjain bioppa 1 Saijpe la ^allaib boinne. Conjap Nopcmaoinopum pop boinn occ Linn Roip. Cor^up oile Dfob occ Linn Saileach la hUlca. Congup oile Diob occ Linn Ouacaill. Ounjal, mac peapjaile, cijeapna Oppaije, Decc.
in mind that Felim, son of Crimhthann, was Abbot or Bishop of Cashel, in right of his crown of Munster. It is stated in the old Annals of Innisfallen that Feidhlimidh, son of Crimhthann, received homage from Niall, son of Aedh, King of Tara in the year 824 \recte 840], and that Feidhlimidh then became sole monarch of Ire- land, and sat in the seat of the Abbot of Cluain- fearta. — See Leabhar-na-gCeart, Introduction, p. xvi. note r.
1 Druim-mor in Ui-Eathach — Now Dromore, a market-town on the River Lagan, in the ba- rony of Iveagh, and county of Down. Saint Colman, or Mocholmoc, who was a disciple of Mac Nise, who died in 513, founded an abbey
here See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p, 1 1 3, note
106 ; and Archdall's Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 118. There are no ancient remains there at present except a large moat situated at the eastern extremity of the town.
m Cill-dumka This should be Cill-dumha-
gloin, as in the Annals of Ulster at the same year — See note under the year 834, supra.
" Domhnack-Seachnaitt. — Now Dunshaughlin, in the county of Meath. — See note p, under A. D. 448, and note under 796.
0 Disert-Diarmada : i. e. St. Diarmaid's desert, wilderness, or hermitage. This was the ancient Irish name of Castledermot, in the baronies of Kilkea and Mobne, near the southern extremity of the county of Kildare, where Diarmaid, son of Aedh Roin, whose festival was there kept on the 21st of June, erected a monastery about A. D. 500 — See Archdall's Monasticon Hiber- nicum, p. 310. In the church-yard here are to be seen an ancient Round Tower and several curious crosses, which attest the antiquity and former importance of the place.
p Gael- Uisce : i. e. Narrow "Water, now Nar- rowwater, situated between Warren's Point ahd Newry, in the barony of Upper Iveagh, and
county of Down See note *, under A. D. 1252,
p. 344.
q Linn-Rois : i. e. the Pool of Ros. This was the name of that part of the River Boyne opposite Rosnaree, in the barony of Lower
841.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 463
The plundering of Cluain-eidhneach, and the destruction of Cluain-Iraird and Cill-achaidh-Droma-fota, by the foreigners. A battle was gained over Maelruanaidh, son of Donnchadh, i. e. the father of King Maelseachlainn, by Diarmaid, son of Conchobhar ; and Diarmaid was slain on the same day by Maelseachlainn.
The Age of Christ, 841. The tenth year of Niall. Caemhan, Abbot of Linn-Duachaill, was killed and burned by the foreigners. Ceallach, son of Caithghenn, Abbot of Druim-mor, in Ui-Eathach1, died. Suibhne Ua Teimhnen, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha, died. Fineachta, son of Breasal, Abbot of Cill-dumham ; Comsudh, son of Ruamlus, Abbot of Dornhnach-Seachnaill"; Moran, son of Innreachtach, Abbot of Clochar-mic-nDaimheni ; and Muireadhach, son of Cearnach, CEconomus of Ard-Macha, died. The plundering of Cluain-mic- Nois by the foreigners of Linn-Duachaille. The plundering of Disert-Diarmada0 by the foreigners of Cael-uiscep. The plundering of Birra and Saighir by the foreigners of the Boinn. A fleet of Norsemen on the Boinn, at Linn-Roisq. Another fleet of them at Linn-Saileach, in Ulster1. Another fleet of them at Linn-Duachaill8. Dunghal, son of Fearghal, lord of Osraighe, died. Mughroin,
Duleek, and county of Meath — See the Ord- and Ulster brought shipping of them upon
nance Map of the county of Meath, sheet 20. the water called Linn Suileach. Moran, mac
' Linn-Saileach in Ulster. — This is very pro- Inrechtach, abbot of Cloghar mac Damine, taken
bably, if not certainly, one of the ancient names captive by the forreiners of Linn, and died with
of Loch Suileach, now Lough S willy, in the them after. Coman, abbot of Linnduachail,
county of Donegal. — See Leabhar-na-gCeart, wounded and burnt by the Irish and Gentiles,
pp. 7, 23, 248. The spoyling of Disert-Diarmada by theGentiles
'Linn-Duachaill. — Now Magheralin, in the out of Caeluisce." — Ann. Ult., Cod.Clar., torn. 49. county of Down. These entries relative to the " A. D. 839- The Danes continued in Dublin
Danes are given in the Annals of Ulster at the this year; and the Danes of Lyndwachill preyed
year 841, and the most of them are to be found and spoyled Clonvicknose. Birre and Sayer
in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 839 (the true were also spoyled by them. Morau, mac In-
year being 842), as follows : reaghty, Bushop of Clochar, was killed by the
"A D. 841. The Gentiles upon Dublin yet. Danes. There was a fleet of Normans at Lyn-
The taking of Maelduin, mac Conaill, king of ross, upon the river of Boyne ; another at Lyn-
Calatrom, by the Gentiles, captive. The spoil- soleagh, in Ulster ; and another at Lyndwachill
ing of Clonmicnois by them from the water aforesaid. Koewan, abbott of Lyndwachill, was
called Linn Duachail. The spoyling of Biror both killed and burnt by the Danes, and some of
and Saigir by them from the water of Dublin, the Irishmen. Dysert Dermot was destroyed by
A navy from Manon" [rede Nortmanorum] the Danes of Key 11 Usge. KynnetyandClonvick-
"upon Boinn at the water called Linn Rois, nose were destroy'd and burnt by the Danes."
464 awNaca Rioghachca eiReaww. [842.
pom, mac Clenjupa, cigeapna Ua ppail^e, Oecc. TTlaolouin, mac Conaill, cigfpna Calacpoma, Do ejijabail Do ^a^aio-
Qoip Cpiopr, occ cceo cfrpaca a Do. Qn caonmab bliabain Decc DO Niall. Oooiu, eppcop bioppa, oecc. Cumpub, mac Oepepo,-] ITloenach, mac Saocaoaij, Da eppcop ~\ Da angcoipe laopom, -] po eccpac i naon oibce hi riOfpipr Oiapmaoa. Suibne, mac popanndin, abb Imleca PIO, Decc. TCondn, abb Cluana mic Noip, DO Luaijnib l?mp cfmpach a cenel, [agup] bpicine, abb Lorpa, Decc. Oonnacdn, mac TTlaoilcuile, pccpibneoip,-) angcoipe, Decc ipm 6cdil. Colssu, mac peDaij, anjcoipi, Decc. TTlaolpuanaib, mac Oonn- chaba, pi TTliDe, achaip TTlaoilpeachlainD eipiDe [Decc]. pfpjup, mac poch- aiD, pf Connachc, 065. CionaeD, mac Conpai, cijfpna Chenel Laojaipe, Do mapbaoh la Oealbnaib. Coipppe, mac Cacail, pf Laijfn Oeapsabaip, Decc. Colopg, mac QllaileD, plain pealla, Do mapbab la ^allaib Coca Rib, ~\ pinoacdn, mac Qllaileb, DO repnaD uabaib. LopccaD Cluana peapca bpe- namn lap na ^a^aiD ceona.
QoipCpiopc, ochc cceD cfcpaca acpf. Qn Dapa blia&ain Decc DoNiall. ^opmjal, mac TTluipfohaij, eppcop -| anjcoipe Lainoe Cepe, piacna, mac TTlaoilbpfpail, abb pmoabpac abac, Labpaib, mac Ctilella, abb Sldine, T?o- baprach, mac bpfpail, abb QchaiD bo Cainnij, Robapcach, mac plainn, abb Oomnaij moip, bpeapal, mac Cainjne, abb Cillemanach, Cecfpnach, mac ^, ppioip Ufpe Da jlap, -] Qoban ^linne hUipean, Decc. Sloijfb la b Qca cliar a cCluanaib an Dobaip, -] apjam leipp Chille hachaiD, ~\ mapcpaD Nuabac mic Seigem leo. Opjam Ouin TTlapcc la ^a^ai^ Du ln
' Calatruim. — Now Galtrim, in the barony of The Editor has not been able to find any other
Deece, and county of Meath. — See note e, under reference to this territory, and thinks that it is
A. D. 1176. a mistake of the Four Masters.
u Cumsudh — " A. D. 842. Comsudh, mac ? Gkann-Uisean. — This was the name of a
Derero, et Moenach mac Sothchadaig, duo Epis- remarkable glen situated in the territory of
copi el ancorite, in una node mortui sunt in Disert Ui-Bairche, about two Irish miles to the west
Diarmada. Fergus mac Fothaig, Rex Connacht, of the town of Carlow, where there exists a
moritur. Donnacan, mac Maeletuile, scriba et considerable portion of the ruins of an ancient
ancorita, in Italia quievit." — Ann. Ult. church, called Cill-Uisin, aiiglice Killeshin.
* Luaighni. — For the position of this tribe Archdall, in his Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 398,
see note ', under A. D. 122, p. 103, supra. identifies the church of Gleann-Uissen with
1 Chief of Fealla. — This entry is not in the Gleane, or Glin, on the River Brusna, in the
Annals of Ulster, or in those of Clonmacnoise. barony of Garrycastle, and King's County ; but
842.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 465
son of Aenghus, lord of Ui-Failghe, died. Maelduin, son of Conall, lord of Calatruim', was taken prisoner by the foreigners.
The Age of Christ, 842. The eleventh year of Mall. Dodiu, Bishop of Birra, died. Cumsudh", son of Derero, and Maenach, son of Sadchadach, who were both bishops and anchorites, died in one night, at Disert-Diarmada. Suibhne, son of Forannan, Abbot of Imleach-Fio, died. Eonan, Abbot of Cluain- mic-Nois, [one] of the tribe of the Luaighniw of Ros-Teamhrach, and Bricine, Abbot of Lothra, died. Donnacan, son of Maeltuile, scribe and anchorite, died in Italy. Colggu, son of Fedach, anchorite, died. Maelruanaidh, son of Donn- chadh, King of Meath, the father of Maelseachlainn, [died]. Fearghus, son of Fothadh, King of Connaught, died. Cinaedh, son of Conra, lord of Cinel- Laeghaire, was slain by the Dealbhna. Cairbre, son of Cathal, King of South Leinster, died. Tolorg, son of Allailedh, chief of Feallax, was slain by the foreigners of Loch Ribh ; and Finnacan, son of Allailedh, made his escape from them. The burning of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn by the same foreigners.
The Age of Christ, 843. The twelfth year of Niall. Gormghal, son of Muireadhach, Bishop and anchorite of Lann-Leire ; Fiachna, son of Maelbrea- sail, Abbot of Finnabhair-abha ; Labhraidh, son of Ailell, Abbot of Slaine ; Robhartach, son of Breasal, Abbot of Achadh-bo-Cainnigh ; Robhartach, son of Flann, Abbot of Domhnach-mor ; Breasal, son of Caingne, Abbot of Cill- manach ; Cethearnach, son of Foghartach, Prior of Tir-da-ghlas ; and Aedhan of Gleann-Uiseany, died. An army was led by the foreigners of Ath-cliath to Cluana-an-dobhair*, and burned the fold of Cill-achaidh ; and Nuadhat, son of Seigen, was martyred by them. Dun-Masga was plundered by the foreigners,
this is a childish guess, because Gleann-Uisean " A. D. 843. Nortmanni Dublinid egressi expe-
is described, in the authorities referred to by ditionem suscipiunt versus Cluana-an-dobhuir,
Archdall himself, as in the territory of Ui- Ecclesiamque de Kill-achadh expUant, et Nuadum
Bairche, in which the church of Sletty, close to Segeniflium martyrii afficiunt corona." Carlow, is situated. The festival of St. Diar- * Dun-Masg : i. e. the Dun or Fort of Masg,
maid, Bishop of Gleann-Uisean, is set down in son of Augen Urgnuidh, the fourth son of Sedna
O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 8th July. See Lani- Sithbhaic. The name is anglicised in an Inqui-
gan's Eccl. History of Ireland, vol. ii. p. 78. sition, Donemaske, anno 20 Richardi II. ; but
' Cluana-an-dobhair A district near the now always Dunamase — See Harris's edition of
church of Cill-achaidh, anglice Killeigh, in the Ware's Antiquities, c. v. p. 35. It is the name
King's County. This passage is translated by of a lofty isolated rock, on which formerly stood
Colgan as follows, Ada SS-, p. 373, n. 3 : , an earthen fort, or stone-cashel, but which now
3o
466
[843.
po jabaD QoD, mac Ouibbacpioc, abb Uipe Da jlap, -] Cluana hei&neac, -] puccpar leo e i TTluriiain,-] po pooaim mapepa ap Oia,-] po mapbab Ceicfp- nac, mac ConDinaipg, ppioip Chille Dapa, co pochai&ib oile amaille ppiu, ipm opccam ceona. popannan, ppirhaib Gpoa TTlaca, Do epjabail DO ^hallaib i cCluain Chomapoa, co na mionnaib i co na mmnncip, -j a mbper leo Dia lonjaib 50 Luimneac. Sloijfo la Cuipjeip, ojfpna ^all pop Loc Rib, co po aipccpeac Connacca -| TTli&e, -| po loipcpeac Cluain mic Noip co na ofp- raijib, i Cluain peapca bpenamn, dp Da jlap, Locpa, -| cealla lomba apcfna. CarpaoineaD pop ^nallaiB piap an pij, Niall, mac Qe&a, hi TTlaij loca, -] Dpong Dipfrhe Do cuicim laip. Cuipjeip Do jabail la TTlaolpeachlamn, mac TTiaolpuanaiD, ~\ a boiDaD hi Loch Uaip lapam, cpe miopbaile Oe ~\
contains the ruins of a strong castle, situated in the territory of Ui-Crimhthannain, in the barony of East Maryborough, in the Queen's County — SeeLeabhar-na-gCeart, p. 216, note q ; and Mac Firbis's genealogical work (Marquis of Droghe- da's copy), pp. 1 85, 1 86 :
" A. D. 842. Dun-Masse was assaulted and destroyed by the Danes, where they killed Hugh mac Duffedachrich, abbot of Tyrdaglasse and Cloneneagh ; and also there killed Kehernagh mac Comosgaye, old abbot" [recte vice-abbot] " of Kildare."— Ann. Clon.
b Cluain- Comhar da. — Not identified. "A. D. 844. Forannan, Abbot of Ardmach, taken cap- tive by the Gentiles at Cluoncovarda, with his reliques, or oathes, and his people, and carried away by" [recte to] "the shippinge of Limrik." — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
"A. D. 842. Forannan, abbot of Armagh, was taken captive by the Danes at Cloncowardy, together with all his family, relicks, and books, and" [they] " were lead from thence to their ships in Limbrick." — Ann. Clon.
" Luimneach — This was the ancient name of the Lower Shannon ; but henceforward it is applied in these Annals to the city of Limerick.
d Tuirgeis. — There is not a vestige to be found of this chief, under this name in any of the
Northern Chroniclers. Ledwich has endeavoured to identify him with a prince named Thorgils, who is said by Snorro to have reigned in Dublin ; but he has totally failed, for Harold Harfager, the father of this Thorgils, was not born for many years after the death of Turgeis. The only places in Ireland with which his name is still associated is. Dun- Turgeis, or Dun-Dair- bheis, and Lough Leane, near Castlepollard, in the county of Westmeath, where some strange traditional stories are still told of him and the Irish monarch, Maelseachlainn. He had also another fortress at Rinn-duin, near St. John's, on Loch-Eibh, anglice Lough Ree, in the county of Roscommon, but no local traditions of his exploits are there preserved at present.
e And many others. — This should be, " and many others on the islands in the Shannon, and in the vicinity of that river." Duald Mac Firbis states, in his Account of Danish Families in Ireland, that Turgeis took possession of and held his residence at Clonmacnoise ; and that his wife was wont to issue her orders to the people from the high altar of the cathedral church there.
'Magh-Itha See note ", under A. M. 2530,
p. 5, supra.
" A. D. 844. Battle-breach by Nell, mac
843.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
467
where Aedh, son of Dubdhachrich, Abbot of Tir-da-ghlas and Cluain-eidhneach, was taken prisoner ; and they carried him into Munster, where he suffered martyrdom for the sake of God ; and Ceithearnach, son of Cudinaisg, Prior of Cill-dara, with many others besides, was killed by them during the same plun- dering excursion. Forannan, Primate of Ard-Macha, was taken prisoner by the foreigners, at Cluain-Comhardab, with his relics and people, and they were car- ried by them to their ships at Luimneachc. An expedition by Tuirgeisd, lord of the foreigners, upon Loch-Ribh, so that they plundered Connaught and Meath, and burned Cluain-mic-Nois, with its oratories, Cluain-fearta-Brenainn, Tir-da- ghlas, Lothra, and many others6 in like manner. A battle was gained over the foreigners by the king, Niall, son of Aedh, in Magh-Ithaf; and a countless number fell. Tuirgeis was taken prisoner by Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruain- aidh ; and he was afterwards drowned in Loch-Uaii*, through the miracle of
Hugh, upon Gentiles at Magh lha." — Ann. Ult. Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
" A. D. 842. King Neale gave a great over- throw to the Danes in the plains of Moynithe." — Ann. Clon.
» Loch- Uair. — Now Lough OweL, near Mul- lingar, in the county of Westmeath — See note °, under A. M. 3581, p. 40, supra; and note", on Port-Lomain, under A. D. 1461, p. 1016, infra. The drowning of Turgeis in Loch-Uair is noticed in the Annals of Ulster at the year 844, and in the Annals of Clonmacnoise at 842, as follows :
" A. D. 844. Turges du ergabail la Maelsech- naill, ocus bagud Turges i Loch Uair iarom." — Ann. Ult., Ed. O'Conor.
" A. D. 844. Tuirges, chief of the forreiners, taken by Maeilsechlainn, and Tuirges, drowned in Loch-Uair after." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
" A. D. 842. Turgesius was taken by Moyle- seaghlyn mac Moyleronie, and he afterwards drownded him in the poole of Loghware ad- joyning to Molyngare." — Ann. Clon.
It would appear from Jocelin and Giraldus Cambrensis, who wrote about the year 1183, that some strange traditions were then pre-
3
served respecting a personage named Gurmun- dus, the son of an African prince. Giraldus has strangely confused these traditions in his Topographia Hibernue, Dist. iii. cc. 38, 39, 40; for he makes Gurmundus contemporary with the British king, Careticus, who flourished about the year A D. 586 ; and yet he makes him act under Turgesius, who appointed him his Lord Deputy in Ireland I A similar story is gravely repeated in some Acts of Parliament, Reg.Eliz. — See Ussher's Primord., p. 568, et seqq. Jocelin speaks of Gurmundus and also of Turgesius as Norwegian pagan kings of Ireland, who perse- cuted the Christians ; but he seems to have been aware that Turgesius was not contemporary with Gurmundus. His words are :
" Tempus autem tenebrarum, Hibernici illud autumant, quo prius Gurmundus, ac postea Tur- gesius Noruagienses Principes Pagani, in Hi- bernia debellata regnabant. In illis enim diebus sancti in cauernis, et speluncis, quasi carbones cineribus cooperti, latitabant a facie impiorum, qui eos tota die, quasi cues occisionis mortifica- bant."- Vita Patricii, c. 1 75 ; Trias Thaum., p. 1 04.
On this passage Colgan has the following note (Trias Thaum., n. 164) :
o2
468
[843.
Ciapdin, -\ na naem apcfna. peapjal, mac bpain, mic TTIaeilecuile, mic Cuarail, cijeapna TTlupcpaije, Do mapbaoh,-] Caicep.cijfpna Peap maije. Opgain Oonnchaoa, mic pollamam, -\ plainn, mic TTlaelpuanaib, la TTlael- pfchlainn, mac ITlaoilpuanaib.
" NecGildas Moduda, nee loannes Dubaganus in Catalogo regum Hibernian, nee Quatuor Ma- gistri in eodem Catalogo vel Annalibus, nee alius domesticus Eerum Hibernicarum scriptor, nee etiam externus (quod seiam) ante Geraldum Cambrensem numeral Gurmundum vel Turge- sium inter Hibernias Keges, vel scribit eos in Hibernia vnquam regnasse ; licet memorent Turgesium, aliosque Normannos anno 836. & sequentibus, continuis prjeliis, prsedis, et incur- sionibus turbasse eius quietem, & pacem : sed omnes vnanimi consensu referunt Conchoua- rium Dunchado natum, qui anno 818. coapit, regnasse annis 1 4. eique immediate successisse Niellum tertium, cognomento Calne, eumque regnasse annis 13. vel iuxta alios 15. & post hunc, Maelsechlannium (qui & Malachias vocatur) annis 16. Aidum septimum cognomento Fin- liath annis 16. deinde Flannium Malachise filium annis 38. ex ordine immediate successisse & regnasse. Turgesius autem fuit in Hibernia occisus anno 842 : Niello tertio tune regnante, per prsedictum Maelsechlannium siue Mala- chiam, tune Media, & postea Hibernise Regem, vt tradunt Quatuor Magistri in Annalibus ad eundem annum, & contestatur Giraldus Cam- brensis homo Britannus in Topographia Hiber- nian dist. 3. cap. 40. qui Giraldus, alias testatis- simus hostis gentis nostrse, negat ibidem cap. 38. & 39- Gurmundum vnquam subiugasse Hiber- niam, & licet cap. 37. scribat eum regnum Hiber- nicum aliquamdiu pacifice rexisse ; tamen postea c. 45. & 46. solum asserit pacem & quietem Hibernia; per hos tyrannos fuisse turbatam & interruptam. Verba eius cap. 45. sunt : Est itaque numerus omnium Regum, qui aprimo huius gentis Rege Herimone vsque ad hunc vhimum Ro-
thericum, Hiberniam rexerunt, centum octoginta vnus. Et c. 46. Gens igitur Hibernica a primo aduentus sui tempore et primi illius Herimonis regno vsque ad Gurmundi et Turgesii tempora (quibus et turbata quies, et interrupta aliquandiu fuit eius tranquilitas) ; iterumque ab eorum obitu vsque ad hcec nostra tempora, ab omni alienarum gentium incursu libera permansit, et inconcussa, donee per vos Hex inuictissime (Henricum secun- dum Angliffi Regem intelligit) et vestrce animosi- tatis audaciam, his denuo nostris diebus est subiu- gata anno cetatis vestrce 41. Regni vestri 17. ab Incarnatione vero 1172. Hsec Giraldus alias Hibernis in aduersus referendis numquam pro- pitius, vel pareus." — (Topographia Hibernice, Dist. iii. cc. 39, 40, 41, 42).
According to Giraldus, Turgesius was assas- sinated by a number of young men concealed in women's clothes, by a stratagem plotted by O'Machlachlin, or O'Melaghlin ; and the same story has been given as true history by Keating. Giraldus's words are as follows :
" Vnde in Hiberniam vel Britanniam Gurmundus aduenerit.
"CAP. XXXIX.
" In Britannica legitur historia : Gurmun- dum ab Africa in Hiberniam aduectum, & inde in Britanniam a Saxonibus ascitum, Cireces- triam obsidione cinxisse. Qua tandem capta, & passerum (vt fertur) maleficio, igne succensa : ignobili quoque tune Britonum liege Kereditio in Cambriam expulso, totius regni dominium in breui obtinuisse. Siue ergo Africanus, seu (vt verius esse videtur) Norwagiensis fuerit : vel in Hibernia nunquam fuit, vel relicto ibidem Turgesio modici temporis in ea moram fecit.
843.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
469
God and Ciaran, and the saints in general. Fearghal, son of Bran, son of Mael- tuile, son of Tuathal, lord of Muscraighe, was killed, and Caicher, lord of Feara- Maighe. The plundering of Donnchadh, son of Follamhan, and of Flann, son of Maelruanaidh, by Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh.
" Qualiter interfecto in Gallia Gurmundo Turge- sius dolo puellarum in Hibernia delusus occubuit.
" CAP. XL.
" Gvnnvndo itaque in Galliarum partibus interfecto, & Barbarorum iugo a Britannicis collis ea occasione iam depulso : Gens Hibernica ad consuetas artis iniquse decipulas, non ineffi- caci molimine statim recurrit. Cum igitur ea tempestate filiam Regis Medensis scilicet Omach- lachelini Turgesius adamasset : Rex ille virus sub pectore versans, filiam suam ipsi concedens, ad insulam quandam Mediae, in stagno scilicet Lochyreno illam cum quindecim puellis egregiis ei missurum se spopondit. Quibus & Turgesius gauisus cum totidem nobilioribus gentis suee statute die et loco obuiam venit : & inuenit, & inueniens in insula quindecim adolescentes im- berbes animosos, & ad hoc electos sub habitu puellari dolum palliantes, cultellis, quos occulte secum attulerant, statim inter amplexus Tur- gesius cum suis occubuit.
" De Norvvagiensibus, qui circiter annos triginta regnauerant, ab Hibernia expulsis.
" CAP. XLI.
" Fama igitur pernicibus alis totam statim insulam peruolante, & rei euentum, vt assolet, diuulgante, Norwagienses vbique truncantur, & in breui omnes omnino seu vi, seu dolo, vel morti traduntur : vel iterum Norwagiam & insulas, vnde venerant, nauigio adire compel- luntur.
" De Medensis Regis qucestione dolosa. " CAP. XLII.
" Qvsesiverat autem a Turgesio prasdictus Medensium Rex, & in dolo (nequitia iam animo concepta) quonam tenore vel arte aues quaedam
in regnum nuper aduectse terra? toti, patriasque pestiferse destrui possent & deleri. Cumque responsum accepisset, nidos eorum vbique de- struendos, si iam forte nidificassent (de castellis Norwagiensium hoc interpretantes) mortuo Turgesio in eorum destructione Hibernenses per totam insulam vnanimiter insurrexerunt. Annos igitur circiter triginta Norwagiensium pompa, & Turgesii tyrannis in Hibernia perdu- rauit, & deinde gens Hibernica, seruitute de- pulsa, & pristinam libertatem recuperauit, & ad regni gubernacula denuo successit."
Colgan, who discredits the above story of Giraldus, has the following note on Maelseach- lainn, son of Maelruanaidh, who drowned Tur- gesius in Loch-Uair, in his Life of Corpreus, Bishop of Clonmacnoise, at vi. Martii:
" Malachiae JUii Moelruanacii c. 2. Obiit anno 860 hie Rex, iuxta Quatuor Magistros, in Annalibus ad eundem annum, & in Catalogo Regum Hibernite, vbi de ipso sic scribunt ; Malachias primus filius Moelruanacij, filij Dun- chadij etc. postquam regnasset annis sedecim, de- cessit anno 860. Hibernis patrio sermone vocatur Moekachluinn, & Giraldus Cambrensis in Topo- graphia Hibernise distinct. 2. c. 40. mendose 0 Machluchelinum RegemqueMedensem appellat. Fuit enim Rex Mediae dum Turgesium, Ducern, Norwegiorum, & Hibe.rnicffi Ecclesiffi & Reipub- licffl primum turbatorem, curaret e medio tolli, antequam anno 845. capesseret regnum Hiber- nise. Necem enim Turgesij in annum 843 refe- runt Quatuor Magistri in Annalibus : quern non cultellis per quosdam adolescentes cssum, vt Giraldus refert, sed captum, & in lacuVarensi suffocatum referunt, vt meruit scelestissimus tyrannus, pacis publics subuersor, cenlenarum
470 dNNata Rio^hachca eiReawN. [844.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceD ceacpaca a cearaip. TTluipeaDhach, mac abb TTlamiprpeach 6uin, Coipppe, mac Colmain, abb Qra Upturn, ") Conaing, mac pfpoomnaij, abb Oomnaij pdDpaicc, Oecc. peapDorhnach, eagnaiD ~] pcpibnib cojaibe Ctpoa TTlaca, Decc, i Robaprac, mac Suibne, ppioip Chille achaib, pcpibmb ~] eccnaib DO mapbaD. Donnchab, mac Qmalga&a, njeapna Ua nGaraCjClocnm, cijeapna Copca Laoijbe, Cacal, mac Qilella cijeapna Ua TTlaine, Connmac TTlop, mac Copccpai£, -) Niall, mac CinDpaolaiD, cij- eapna Ua pibjeince, Decc. TTiaolDuin, mac Conaill, njfpna Calarpoma, Do mapbao la Lai jntb. SpaoineaD pop Connacraib pia n^aU-aib, in po mapbab Riajan, mac peapsupa, ~| TTlujpon, mac Oiapmaoa, -\ Qo6 mac Carapnaij, co pochaiDe oile. CuilCaippine DO opjain ~\ t»o lopccab la^al- laib. Opjain Guile mome Do loinjfp na cCaillec, -| popbaipi coiccijipi la Ceapball, mac nOunlamj, poppu, -| a noeapgap Do cup lap pin. Opgain cfpmainn Ciapdin IdpeiDlimib, macCpiomcainn,-] Ciapdn Dna Doceacr ma beabaiD, anoap laip, ~\ popjarh Dia bacaill Do cabaipr inD, 50 pop gab gum mfboin, co nap bo plan 50 a ecc. lap mbeir rpf bliaDnd Decc i pije nGpeann DO Niall Caille, mac Qe6a OipomDe, po bdibfb i cCallamn, ipin cuicceab bliabain caoccac a aoipi. Qp Dpopaicmfc a tiaip po paiDfo :
TTIallacc ope, a Challamn cpuaib, a ppuaim amail ceo DO pleb, Do piomapr ecc Da jac leic, pop opeich mraij marhsuipm Neill,
Qcup beop :
Ni capaim mo uipcce nouabaip, imreic peac caob TTldpaip, Ct Challann ce no maoibe, mac mnd bai&e po bdi&ip.
Ecclesiarum incensor, aliquot millium Prsesby- the year 1 156.
terorum, Clericorumque necator, ac Christiani k Cuil-moine — This was one of the names of
sanguinis helluo insatiabilis." Colooney, in the county of Sligo.
h Domhnach-Padraig __ Now Donaghpatrick, ' The Caitti. — Dr. O'Conor takes this to be
nearNavan, in the county of Meath. — See note', the name of a river, but it is in the genitive
under A. D. 745, p. 348, supra. case plural, and was evidently the name of a
* Cuil-Caissine. — Now Coolcashin, a townland party of Norsemen.
giving name to a parish in the barony of Galmoy, m The Termon of Ciaran. — "A. D. 843. All
and county of Kilkenny. It was held under the the Tyrmyn lands belonging to Saint Keyran
Viscount Mountgarrett in 1635, as of his manor were preyed and spoyled by Felym mac Criow-
of Ballyne — See Inquisitions, Lagenia, Kil- hayn, without respect of place, saint, or shrine ;
kenny, 76, Car. I. See it again mentioned under and, after his return to Munster the next year,
844.] ANNALS OP THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 471
The Age of Christ, 844. • Muireadhach, son of Flann, Abbot of Mainistir- Buithe ; Cairbre, son of Colman, Abbot of Ath-Truim ; and Conaing, son of Fordomhnach, Abbot of Domhnach-Padraigh, died. Fordomhnach, a wise man, and a distinguished scribe of Ard-Macha, died ; and Robhartach, son of Suibhne, Prior of Cill-achaidh, scribe and wise man, was slain. Donnchadh, son of Amhalghadh, lord of Ui-Eathach ; Clothnia, lord of Corca-Laeghdhe ; Cathal, son of Ailell, lord of Ui-Maine ; Connmhach Mor, son of Coscrach ; and Niall, son of Ceannfaeladh, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died. Maelduin, son of Conall, lord of Calatruim, was slain by the Leinstermen. A battle was gained over the Connaughtmen by the foreigners, in which Riagan, son of Fearghus ; Mughron, son of Diarmaid ; and Aedh, son of Catharnach, with many others, were slain. Cuil-Caissine' was plundered and burned by the foreigners. The plundering of Cuil-moinek by the fleet of the Cailli1; and a fortnight's siege was laid to them by Cearbhall, son of Dunking, and they were afterwards dreadfully slaughtered. The plundering of the Termon of Ciaranm, by Feidhlimidh, son of Crimhthann ; but Ciaran pursued him, as he thought, and gave him a thrust of his crozier, and he received an internal wound, so that he was not well until his death. After Niall Caille", son of Aedh Oirdnidhe, had been thirteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he was drowned in the Callainn, in the fifty-fifth year of his age. In commemoration of his death was said :
A curse on thee, O severe Callainn, thou stream-like mist from a mountain,
Thou hast painted death on every side, on the warlike brunette- bright face of Niall. And again :
I love not the sorrowful water, which flows by the side of Maras,
O Callainn, who shall boast of it ? Thou hast drowned the son of an illustrious woman !
" he was overtaken by a great disease of the flux disease, and occasion of his death ; and notwith-
of the belly, which happened in this wise : As standing his irregularity and great desire of
king Felym (soone after his return into Moun- spoyle, he was of some numbered among the
ster) was taking his rest in his bed, Saint Keyran scribes and anchorites of Ireland. He died of
appeared unto him, with his habitt and Bachall the flux aforesaid, Anno 847." — Ann. Clem.
or pastorall staffe, and there gave him a push " NiattCaitte — "A. D. 845. Niall, mac Aedha,
of his Bachall, in his belly, whereof he tooke his rex Temhro, mersione mortuus est." — Ann. Ult. :
472 ctNNata Rioshachca emeawN. [845.
TTIaonjal alicip |io paiD :
beip lac leip imcomopc Nell, net bob bpicfm conoal ceill, Do pi£ nirhe caib'pfb peip, conoib peib Do cec naimpeib. Niall DO baa, Niall po ba, Niall i mmuip, Niall i cein, Niall cen naiDib.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo cfcpaca a cuig. Qn ceo blia&ain DO TTlhaolpfc- lainn, mac TTlaoilpuanaib, op Gipinn. Ceallac, mac TTlaoilpdopaicc, ppioip pfp TCoip, oecc. peblimib, mac Cpiomcainn, pi TTluman, angcoipe -| pcpib- neoip ba Dead oGpennchaib ma aimpip, Decc 18 Qugupc, Dia juin mr6om,rpia miopbaile Oe -| Ciapdin. 6a Do bap pemlimiD po paiDeab :
Duppan a Ohe Dpei&limiD, connbdip ba pom poo bai&e,
PO oeapa bpon oGipionncaib, nao maip mac Cpiomcainn Claipe.
Ctp puaicnib DO ^haoibealaib can DO anic an oeofnbaiD,
T?o pcaic ap a nGpinD uaij on uaip acbac peblimiD.
Ni DeachaiD ippeb piji mapban bao innijpfcap,
plaic pial po pij nailbine cobpac nocon
6ojan .1. an^coipe, mac QeDajam, mic Uopbaij, 6 Cluain mic Noip, oecc. Cojail mpi Locha ITluinpeamaip la TDaolpechlainn, mac TTlaelpuanaiD, pop
" A. D. 843. This year King Nealle Kailly cession of this monarch in the year 846 — See
died at Kallen in Mounster." — Ann. Clon. Ogygia, p. 434; and the Annals of Clonmacnoise
There are three rivers named Callainn in Ire- in 843 :
land : one in the county of Armagh, the other " Moyleseaghlyn mac Moyleronie, of the race
in the county of Kilkenny, now more generally of the O'Melaghlyns of Meath, succeeded after
called the King's River, and the third in the king Neale in the kingdom, and reigned seven-
valley of Gleann-Ua-Euachtain (Glanarough), teen years." — Ann. Clon.
in the county of Kerry. The Callainn in the •> Feara-Ros — "A. D. 846. Ceallach mac
county of Kilkenny is probably the one in Maelpatraicc secnap Fer Eois desabainn, mori-
which this king was drowned. tur." — Ann. Uli. The Feara Eois were seated
0 Niall without death — The meaning of these along the Boyne and at Carrickmacross, in the
rhymes, which look very obscure, is evidently county of Monaghan.
this: "King Niall was drowned, but his cha- ' Anchorite and scribe. — "A. D. 846. Feidhli-
racter for goodness is so high, that whether his midh mac Crimthainn rex Human, optimus pau-
death was caused by fire or water, his fame is savit scriba et ancorita." — Ann. Ult.
deathless, his glory immortal." According to the old Annals of Innisfallen,
p Madseachlainn. — O'Flaherty places the ac- preserved in the Bodleian Library, this Feidh-
845.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 473
Maenghal, the pilgrim, said :
Take with thee the total destruction of Niall, who was not a judge
without judgment ; To the King of heaven let him make submission, that he may make
smooth for him every difficulty. Niall was drowned, Niall was good ; Niall in the sea, Niall in fire, Niall without death0.
The Age of Christ, 845. The first year of Maelseachlainnp, son of Mael- ruanaidh, over Ireland. Ceallach, son of Maelpadraig, Prior of Feara-Roisq, died. Feidhlimidh, son of Crimhthann, King of Munster, anchorite and scriber, the best of the Irish in his time, died on the 18th of August of his internal wound, [inflicted] through the miracle of God and Ciaran. Of the death of Feidh- limidh was said :
Alas ! O God, for Feidhlimidh ; the wave of death has drowned him !
It is a cause of grief to the Irish that the son of Crimhthann of Claire8 lives not.
It was portentous to the Gaeidhil, when his last end arrived ;
Slaughter spread through sacred Ireland from the hour that Feidh- limidh died.
There never went on regal bier a corpse so noble ;
A prince so generous under the King of Ailbin never shall be born.
Eoghan, i. e. the anchorite, son of Aedhagan, son of Torbach of Cluain-mic- Nois, died. The demolition of the island of Loch Muinreamhar* by Mael-
limidh was full monarch of Ireland, which mities. He was succeeded on the throne of
agrees with Cambrensis (Top. Hib. Dist. iii. Munster by Olchobhar, son of Cinaedh, Abbot
c. 44) ; but the northern annalists do not num- and Bishop of Emly.
her him among the sole monarchs of Ireland. — " Claire. — This is the name of a remarkable
See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 186, note 53, hill (near Duntry league, in the county of Lime-
and Leabhar-na-gCeart, Introduction, p. xvi. It rick), on which Oilioll Olum, the great ancestor
looks very strange that the Annals of Ulster of this king, as well as of the most distinguished
should describe this Munster potentate as opti- families of Munster, was slain, and whereon his
mus scriba el ancorita, for his career was that sepulchral monument is still pointed out. of turbulence and depredation, and his death ' Loch-Muinreamhair. — Now Lough Eamor,
was brought about by his sacrilegious enor- near Virginia, in the county of Cavan, on the
3p
474 dNNCK,a Rio^hachca eiraeaNN. [846.
piallac mop DO macaib bdip Cuiccne i ^a'^n5 P° tiaoap occ innpfo na ccuac a hucc 'fiall, 5° P° niallapcnaijic laip. TTlaolgoan, mac 6acac, cijfpna Ceneoil mbojaine, oecc. Gpruip, mac lTlin|ifoha]£, cijfpna Giptip tipe, oecc. Carol, mac Copccpaij, cijfpna pocapca, DO mapbab la hUi Neill. Conomach, mac Cerepnaij, Ifccofpec Ciappaije, Oecc. Niall, mac Cmopaolaib, cijfpna Ua ppiogfnce, Decc. Qp pop 5«^a'o G^a cliac, oc Capn mbpammic, la Ceapball, mac nOunjaile, cijfpna Oppaije, ou in po mapbaoh Da cheD Decc oiob. Ceona hopjain Imlij lubaip la ^allaib.
Qoip Cpioyc, ochc cceo cearpaca a pe. Qn oapa bliaDam Do nihaoil- peaclainn. Pinpneachca Luibnije, mac Uomalcaij, pf Connacc, i ba hanj- coipe lapam, Decc. Robapcac,mac TTIaoilepocapcai5,abbCiUe moinne, Decc. Cfnluan, abb Saijpe, Decc. Colman, mac Ouinncochaij. corhapba Colmain Cille mic Duac, Decc. OiapmaiD Cille Caipi Decc. Cacppaoinfo pia TTlaol- pfchlamn, mac THaolpuanaiD, pop 5allai^5 ' F°Pa15 D" in P° mapbab un. ceo laip Diob. Cac oile pia nOlcobap, pi TT\uman, ~\ pia Lopcdn, mac Ceallaij, pi Laijfn co Lai jmb i TTluimneacaib lompa pop ^hallaib, ace Sceic Nfccam, in po mapbaD Uompaip Gpla, canaipi pij Loclamne, ~] Da ceD Decc uime.
borders of the county of Meath — See note y, Finsnechta Luibnighi, Aneorita, el Rex Connacht
under A. M. 2859, p. 10, supra. antea, mortuus est." — Ann. Ult.
" A. D. 846. Maelsechnaill, mac Maelruanaig, 'Successor of Colman: i.e. Bishop of Kil-
regnare incipit. Togail innsi Locha Muinrea- macduagh, in the now county of Galway —
mhair la Maelsechnaill for fianlach mar di ma- See note under 814.
caib bais Luighne ocus Gaileng, ro batar oc in- y Citt-Caisi. — Now Kilcash, an old church
driud na tuath, more Gentilium." — Ann, Ult., Ed. situated at the foot of Slieve-na-man, in the
O'Conor. barony of Iffa and Offa East, in the county of
" A. D. 846. The breakinge of the Hand of Tipperary. The south door of this church in-
Loch Muinrevar, by Maelsechnaill, upon a great dicates considerable antiquity, but the greater
company of the sons of bats" [i. e. sons of death, part of the walls were rebuilt at a comparatively
i.e. malefactors] "of Luigne and Gaileng, who recent period.
were spoylinge the countries from thence after ' Forach __ This is the place now called Far-
the manner of the Gen tiles." — Cod.Clar.,tomAd. ragh, and situated near Skreen, in the county
u Carn-Brammit — Not identified. of Meath. Dr. O'Conor translates this "in mari"
" Finsneachta Luibnighe : i. e. Finsneachta of in his edition of the Annals of the Four Masters,
Luibneach, a place on the borders of ancient p. 349 ; and in the Annals of Ulster, p. 218;
Meath and Munster, where it is probable he but he is clearly mistaken, and he had no reason
was fostered — See Book of Lecan, fol. 260, b, to differ from the old translator of the Annals
and Leabkar-na-gCeart, p. 10, note u. of Ulster, who takes Fora, the name of a place,
" A. D. 847. Nix magna in Kal. Februarii. and renders the passage thus :
846.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 4?5
seachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh, against a great crowd of sons of death [i. e. malefactors] of the Luighni and Gaileanga, who were plundering the districts at the instigation of the foreigners ; and they were destroyed by him. Maelgoan, son of Eochaidh, lord of Cinel-Boghaine, died. Artuir, son of Muireadhach, lord of Airthear-Life, died. Cathal, son of Cosgrach, lord of Fotharta, was slain by the Ui-Neill. Connmhach, son of Cethernach, half-chief of Ciarraighe, died. Niall, son of Cinnfaeladh, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died. A slaughter made of the foreigners of Ath-cliath, at Carn-Brammitu, by Cearbhall, son of Dunghal, lord of Osraighe, where twelve hundred of them were slain. The first plun- dering of Imleach-Iubhair by the foreigners.
The Age of Christ, 846. The second year of Maelseachlainn. Finsneachta Luibnighew, son of Tomaltach, King of Connaught, and who was afterwards an anchorite, died. Robhartach, son of Maelfothartaigh, Abbot of Cill-Moinne, died. Anluan, Abbot of Saighir, died. Colman, son of Donncothaigh, suc- cessor of Colman*, of Cill-mic-Duach, died. Diarmaid of Gill Caisiy died. A battle was gained by Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh, over the Danes, at Forachz, where seven hundred of them were slain by him. Another battle was gained by Olchobhar, King of Munster, and by Lorcan, son of Ceallach, King of Leinster, having the Leinstermen and Munstermen along with them, over the foreigners, at Sciath-Neachtain", wherein Tomhrair EarP, tanist of the King
" A. D. 847. A battle by Maelsechnaill, upon 1200 about him."— Ann. Uti., Cod. Clar., torn. 49.
the Gentyles at Fora, where 700 fell." b Tomhrair Earl. — This prince's ring was
Council Mageoghegan also takes Forach to be preserved by the Danes at Dublin in the year
the name of a place, and renders the passage as 994, when it was carried off by Maelseach-
follows : lainn II., King of Ireland ; and there are
" A. D. 848. Olchover, King of Cashell, did strong reasons for believing that he was the
overthrow the Danes in a battle in Munster, ancestor of the Danish kings of Dublin. The
where he slew 1200 of their best men, anno 848. pedigree of Irnhar, or Ifars, the ancestor of the
King Moyleseaghlyn did overthrow them in the Danish kings of Dublin, is given in none of
battle of Farchae." — Ann. Clon. the genealogical Irish works as yet discovered;
* Sciath-Neachtain — See note b, under A D. and in the absence of direct evidence it is rea-
766, p. 370, supra. sonable to assume, that, as the Danes of Dublin
" A. D. 847. Bettum by Ollchovar, king of had his ring or chain in 994, this ring or chain
Mounster, and Lorgan mac Cellai into" [rede descended to them as an heir-loom from him.
with] " Leinster upon" [the] " Gentiles, at In these Annals, at the year 942, the Danes
Sciahnechtan, where fell Tomrair Erell, the next of Dublin are called Muintir-Tomair, which
or second in power to the king of Laihlin, and strengthens this argument ; for, if we examine
3 p2
476 aNNdta Rio^hachca eirceawN. [84?.
Raoinfb pia ccijjfpnac, njfpna Locha ^abap, pop atlmupachaib i nOaipe Oipipc Oaconna, in po mapbaD DO picic oecc Dfb laip. T?aoinf6 pia nGojan- acc Caipil pop 55hallaib, occ Dun-TTlaelecuile, aipm in po mapbab cuig ceD ofob. Sloijfo la hOlcobap DO rojail Oum Copcaije pop ^hallaib. Uuach- cap, macCobraij, cijepna Luijne, Decc. TTIaibm pia n6chcijfpn co Laijnib pop Oppaijib, a hUachcap ^apaoha. ITlai&m pia nOunabac, mac Ounjaile co nOppaijib, popp na Oeiyib.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo cfcpaca a peachc. Qn cpfp blia&ain Do TTlhaoil- pfclamn. Onchu, eppcop -\ angcoipe Sldine, T?obapcac, mac Colgan, abb Slaine, Oenjap, mac Qilgile, abb Domnaij phacpaicc, pinpneachca, mac Diapmaoa, abb Doirhliacc, TTlaelpuaoai j, abb CtipD bpeacdm, piano, mac Cuanach, abb TTlainipcpeac, -| Qpanndn, abb bfnncaip, Decc. TTlaelmeba, mjfn Qe6a, banabb Cluana Cuiprin, oecc. Conaing, mac plamn, njeapna bpfj, Niall, mac Cionaeba, cijfpna Ua ppaitje, Coipppe, mac Cionaeba, cijfpna Ua TTlail, -\ Qilill, mac Cumupccaig, njfpna Loca Cdl, Decc. Cuacal, mac Ceallaij, cijeapna Gle, Decc. plannaccdn, mac 6anach, cijfpna Dal QpaiDe an Cuaipceipc, DO mapbab la Cenel Go jam. InopeaD Ouiblinne la TTlaelpeclainn, mac TTlaelpuanaiD,") la Uigfpnac, n jfpna Locha ^ctbap. TTluippfcc pfchr picic long Do muinncip pi ^a^ D0 rocc Do cabaipc jjpfma popp na ^alla po bdoap ap a'ccinn i nGpinn, gup mfpgbtiai&ippfc Gpe fcoppa. TTlaelbpfpail, mac Cfpnaij, cijfpna fllujDopn, Do rhapbaoh la
the Irish tribe-names, in which Muintir is pre- or family, whether descendants, correlatives, or
fixed, we will find that the second part of the followers SeeZ/eaJAar-na-^CfeartJntroduction,
compound is invariably the name of the proge- p. xxxviii.
nitor of the tribe, as Muintir-Maelmordha, c Daire-Disirt-Dachonna : i. e. the Oak Wood
Muintir-Murchadha, Muintir-Eolais, Muintir- of St. Dachonna's desert or wilderness. The
Chinaetha, which were the tribes of the O'Eeil- Editor has not been able to identify this place.
lys, O'Flahertys, MacRannalls, and MacKinaws, d Dun- Madetuile : i. e. Maeltuile's Fort, now
who, according to their pedigrees, respectively unknown.
descend from Maelmordha, Murchadh, Eolus, '- The fort ofCorcach: i. e. the Danish Fortress
Cinaeth, the genitive case of whose names form of Cork.
the latter part of the tribe-names. In this f Uachtar-Oaradha : i.e. Upper Garden. This
genealogical sense, in which it should be taken is probably the place in the county of Kilkenny
at this period, Muintir-Tomair would unques- now called by the synonymous name of Uachtar-
tionably denote the race of Tomar, or Tomrar. achaidh, i. e. Upper Field, anglice Oughteraghy.
In the modern Irish language Muintir is more * Cluain-Cuifthin. — See note % under the year
extensive in its application, and means people 766 ; and note m, under 777, supra.
847-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 477
of Lochlann, and twelve hundred along with him, were slain. A victory was gained by Tighearnach, lord of Loch Gabhar, over the foreigners, at Daire- Disirt-Dachonna", where twelve score of them were slain by him. A victory was gained by the Eoghanacht-Caisil over the foreigners, at Dun-Maeletuiled, where five hundred of them were slain. A hosting was made by Olchobhar, to demolish the fort of Corcach6 against the foreigners. Tuathchar, son of Cobh- thach, lord of Luighne, died". A defeat was given by Echthighern and the Leinstermen to the Osraighe, at Uachtar-Garadhaf A defeat by Dunadhach, son of Dunghaile, and the Osraighe, to the Dei si.
The Age of Christ, 847. The third year of Maelseachlainn. Onchu, Bishop and anchorite of Slaine ; Robhartach, son of Colgan, Abbot of Slaine ; Aenghus, son of Ailghil, Abbot of Domhnach-Padraig ; Finsneachta, son of Diarmaid, Abbot of Daimhliag ; Maelfuadaigh, Abbot of Ard-Breacain ; Flann, son of Cuanach, Abbot of Mainistir [Buithe] ; and Arannan, Abbot of Beannchair, died. Maelmedha, daughter of Aedh, Abbess of Cluain-Cuifthing, died. Conaing, son of Flann, lord of Breagh ; Niall, son of Cinaedh, lord of Ui- Failghe; Cairbre, son of Cinaedh, lord of Ui-Mailh; and Ailill, son of Cumas- gach, lord of Loch-Cal', died. Tuathal, son of Ceallach, lord of Eile, died. Flannagan, son of Eochaidh, lord of North Dal-Araidhe, was slain by the Cinel-Eoghain. The plundering of Duibhlinnk by Maelseachlaihn, son of Maelruanaidh, and by Tighearnach, lord of Loch-Gabhar. A fleet1 of seven score ships of the people of the king of the foreigners came to contend with the foreigners that were in Ireland before them, so that they disturbed Ireland between them. Maelbreasail, son of Cearnach, lord of Mughdhorna,
h Ui-Mail. — The position of this tribe is de- king came to assist" [recte, to oppose] " the
termined by the Glen of Imail, a district in the forreners before them, that they grieved" [i. e.
barony of Upper Talbotstown, and county of harassed] " all Ireland after. Inrachtach, abbot
Wicklow See note ', under the year 1376, of Aoi, came into Ireland with Coluin Cillye's
infra. oathes or sanctified things. Eovartach, mac
' Loch Col. — Now Loughgall, in the county Colgan, abbot of Slane, -deceased. Flannagau
of Armagh. — See the years A. M. 2859, and killed mac Echtach, rex of Dalarai in the North,
A. D. 798. Ity Kindred Owen. Maelbresail, mac Muredai,
k Duibhlinn. — Now Dublin. See it already kinge of Mugorn" [jugulaius est a Gentilibus post
referred to at A. D. 291, 650, 785, 840. conversionem suam ad clericos], "killed by Gen-
1 AJleet, fyc — " A. D. 848. A navy of seaven tiles after his conversion to the clergy." — Ann.
skore ships of the people of the forreners Ult., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
478 aNNata Rioshachca eiraeaNW. [848.
^allaib iap na Beic i ccleipcecc lap ccop in cpaojail De. Qn cpop boi ap paicce Sldine Do cupccbdil ipm aep. Q conYbpuD"] a FODai^ co ccoppacr nf Dia bapp caillce,-] pionnabaip abac, popbaip TTIaoilpfchlainn i Cpupaic, arhail po pdi6 TTlaolpechini :
THichio oul Dap boino mbam, i noail maijje TTliDe mfn, Gp ann birhio ppi jaic ngluaip, ipm uaip i Cpupair cpfn.
Niall, mac Qe6a Qlainn, cijfpna Ua TTlail, Decc.
Goip Cpiopc, ochr cceo cfrpaca a hochc. Qn cfcpamaD bliaDam DO TTlaoileaclainn. Cecaoach, abb Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Oo Uib Copbmaic TTlaentnaije a cenel. Qp occa eccafne acpubpaoh an pann :
Qc cluin each, enp inggnach -j gnach,
Qbb hi cCluain map CeDaoach nocan ecpacap co bpach.
Cuaral, mac pfpaohaij, abb l?fchpamne -| Ofpmaije, peapcaip, mac TTluipfohaij, abb Lainne Lepe, RuaiDpi, abb Cupcca, -| Reccabpa, abb Cluana pfpca bpenainn, Decc. Qonjup, mac Suibne, njfpna TTlujDopn, Do mapbaoh la 5aipb'ech, mac TTlaoilbpijiDe. TTlaelan, mac Cacmoja, cijfpnna Ua mbpiuin Deipceipc Connachc, Do mapbaoh la ^allaibh. Cobcach, mac ITIaolcoba, njfpna Ciappaije Luachpa, Decc. CionaoD, mac Conainj, nj- fpna Ciannachra bpfj, Do ppiccoi&ecc ppi TTlaoilpechnaill, mac TTlaolpuan- aio, i cochc co nfpc gall laip, co po inoip Ui Neill 6 Shionamn co muip, ecip cealla -j cuaca, -| po oipcc inpi Locha gabop, -) po loipcc lapam, jup bo comhapo ppi lap. l?o loipcceD Din leo Depcech cpeoir, -| cpi pichic ap Da
™ Reached Taitttin : i. e. a part of its top fell kille erected a monastery. It is described in
at Teltown, and another part at Fennor — See O'Donnell's Vita Columbce, lib. i. c. 65, as in the
this event among the Wonders of Ireland in Dr. east of Bregia. — See Trias Thaum., pp. 400, 450.
Todd's edition of the Irish version of Nennius's The modern name of Lambay, more correctly
Historia Britonum, p. 215. Lamb-eye, i. e. Lamb-island, -was imposed by the
" Crufait — Now probably Croboy in Meath. Danes, or early English settlers.
° Ui-Cormaic-Maenmaighe A sept of the q Cinaedh. — This passage is given in the An-
Ui-Maine, seated near Loughrea, in the county nals of Ulster at the year 849, as follows :
of Galway — See Tribes and Customs of Hp " A. D. 849. Cinaed, mac Conaing, rex Cian-
Many, pp. 37, 76, 77, 90, 91. achta do frithtuidhecht Maelsechnaill anneurt
p Bechrainn. — This was the ancient name of Gall, con rinnradh Ou Neill o Sinnaind co muir,
the Island of Lambay, near the hill of Howth, etir cella ocus tuatha, ocus co rort innsi Locha
in the county of Dublin, whereon St. Columb- Gabur dolose, cor bo com ard fria lar, ocus co ro
848.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 479
was slain by the foreigners, after having embraced a religious life and retired from the world. The cross which was on the green of Slaine was raised up into the air ; it was broken and divided, so that a part of its top reached Tailltinm and Finnabhair-abha. The encampment of Maelseachlainn at Crufait", as Maelfechini said :
It is time to go across the bright Boinn into the smooth plain of Meath ;
It is there they are in the pure breeze at this hour at withered Crufait.
Niall, son of Aedh Alainn, lord of Ui-Mail, died.
The Age of Christ, 848. The fourth year of Maelseachlainn. Cetadach, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. He was of the tribe of Ui-Cormaic Maen- mhaighe0. It was in lamentation of him this quatrain was composed :
All have heard it, both uncommon and common,
That an abbot at Cluain like Cedadach will never again be seen.
Tuathal, son of Fearadhach, Abbot of Reachrainn" and Dearmhach ; Fear- chair, son of Muireadhach, Abbot of Lann-Leire ; Ruaidhri, Abbot of Lusca ; and Rechtabhra, Abbot of Cluain-fearta Brenainn, died. Aenghus, son of Suibhne, lord of Mughdhorna, was slain by Gairbheth, son of Maelbrighde. Maelan, son of Cathmogha, lord of Ui-Briuin of South Connaught, was slain by the foreigners. Cobhthach, son of Maelcobha, lord of Ciarraighe-Luachra, died. Cinaedhq, son of Conaing, lord of Cianachta-Breagh, rebelled against Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh, and went with a [strong] force of foreign- ers, and plundered the Ui-Neill from the Sinnainn to the sea, both churches and territories ; and he plundered the island of Loch Gabhorr, and afterwards burned it, so that it was level with the ground. They also burned the oratory
loscad leis derthach Treoit, ocus tri xx. decc di churches as temporal; and brake down the Hand
doinib ann." — Ann. Ult., Ed. O'Conor. of Loch-Gavar to the very bottom; and burnte
This passage is also given in the old transla- the oratorie of Treoit and 260 men therein." tion in Cod. Clarend., torn. 49 ; but the trans- ' The island of Loch Gabhor: i. e. of Lough
lator or transcriber has mistaken the construe- Gower, or Logore, near Dunshaughlin, in the
tion of the language, as follows : county of Meath. This island was explored
" A. D. 849. Cinaeh mac Conaing, king of some years since, and several curious antiques
Cianacht, died" [recte, did oppose] "Maelsech- were there found. The lake is now entirely dried
lainn, with the force of the forreners; spoyled up See Proceedings of the Royal frisk Academy,
the O'Nells from the Sinainn to sea, as well vol. i. p. 424.
480 QNNaca Rioghachca eiraeaNN. [349.
cheo DO baoinibh ann. Loch Laoij hi ccpich nUmaill la Connachcaib DO eluD. 6paon, mac Puabpach, cijfpna Ua Cpumcamn, -] a 6d bpacaip, po- gapcac -\ bpuacap, DO mapbao ta a noepbpine buobem
Goip Cpi'opc, ochc cceD cfcpaca anaoi. Ctn cuicceab bliabain DO TTlaoil- pfchlamn. Uioppaioe Ua baoirfnaij, ab Lip moip, Colcca, mac Ceallaij, abb Chille Uoma, Uapjap, abb Lecjlinne, -| ScanDal, mac Cioppaice, abb Oorhnaij Sfchnaill, -\ Connajan Cluana pfpca bpenainn, Decc. Olcobap, mac Cionaeba, pi Caipil, Decc. Cionaer, mac Conaing, cijfpna Ciannacca ^, DO baoao i nQmge la muinnnp an pij, TTlaoileachlainn,-] cijfpna Locha , 05 aire paip ma nDepna Dulc ppi cuair -\ fcclaip. Conioh Do appubpab,
TTlonuap, a Daoine maice, ba peapp a laice cluice, TTlop bach CionaeD, mac Conaing, hi lomaino bo cum cuice. lap na cuimpech ipin pian, mop liach po cfcc ap an cpluaij, Qcc aiccpin a aippbi bain popp an rpdig op Qingi uaip.
^uaipe Dall acbepc po,
Q Uhfmaip, a relbuibe, apoac cepi mo cuipe, 6af lar, mam ofpbaoe, Damna pij Gpeann uile. Q Chaillnn, are menjlan, a cfp mbua&a ina mban, ba cam Dipimm cianoan immo cpeibfo in each can.
Oubjoill DO cecc DoQc cliac, co po lapac ap mop pop pionnjallaib, co po inoippfc an longpopc ecip oaoine i maoine. Slacc oile DO Oubjallaib
* Loch Laeyh, in the territory of Umhall. — This the mouth of this river, which is called Inbher-
lake was situated in the south-west extremity Ainge, is described as lying opposite Inis-Pa-
of the parish and barony of Burrishoole, in the druic. These entries are given in the Annals
west of the county of Mayo. — See the migration of Ulster, at the year 850, thus : of this lake referred to among the "Wonders of " A. D. 850. Colgan, mac Cellai, chief of
Ireland in Dr. Todd's edition of the Irish ver- Killtuoma ; Scanal, mac Tibraid, chief of Dom-
sion of Nennius's Historia Britonum, p. 207. nach-Sechlainn ; and Ollchovar, mac Cinaeha,
1 The Ainge. — Now the River Nanny, flowing kinge of Caissill, all died. Cinaeh, mac Con- through the very middle of the territory of aing, king of Cianacht, drowned in a loch, by a Cianachta-Breagh, and dividing the barony of cruell death, by Maelsechlainn and Tiernach, Upper Duleek from that of Lower Duleek, in through contention of" [recie, to revenge his the county of Meath. In the Tripartite Life of contention with and his contempt of] " the best St. Patrick, published by Colgan, part i. c. 54, men in Ireland, specially Patrick's Covarbai .i.
849.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
481
of Treoit, within which were three score and two hundred persons. Loch Laeigh", in the territory of Umhall, in Connaught, migrated. Braen, son of Ruadhrach, lord of Ui-Crumhthainn, and his two brothers, Fogartach and Brua- dar, were slain by their own tribe.
The Age of Christ, 849. The fifth year of Maelseachlainn. Tibraide Ua Baeitheanaigh, Abbot of Lis-raor ; Colga, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Cill- Toma ; Uarghus, Abbot of Leithghlinn ; Scannal, son of Tibraide, Abbot of Domhnach-Seachnaill ; and Olchobhar, son of Cinaedh, King of Caiseal, died. Cinaeth, son of Conaing, lord of Cianachta-Breagh, was drowned in the Ainge' by the people of the king, Maelseachlainn, and Tighearnach, lord of Loch- Gabhor, to revenge upon him the evils he had committed against the laity and the Church ; of which was said :
Alas, O good people, his playful days were better ! Great grief that Cinaedh, son of Conang, is in a sack approaching the pool ! After having mangled him in the sea, great grief came over the army, On viewing his white ribs on the strand over the cold Aingi.
Guaire Ball said this :
0 Teamhair, 0 beloved hill, thou hast rejected my company ;
Thou hadst, if thou hadst not abandoned him, the materies of a King of
all Ireland ; O Tailtin, who art illustrious, pure, thou victorious land of women,
It is pleasant to enumerate thy noble tribes and their virtues at all times.
»
The Dubhghoill" arrived in Ath-cliath, and made a great slaughter of the Finnghoill, and plundered the fortress, both people and property. Another
Deputy. Black Gentiles came to Dublin and committed great slaughter upon the whyte Fin- gallians, and spoyled the cittie, both men and goods. Great spoyle and slaughter alsoe by them at Linduochaille. Congalach, mac Irgalai, kinge of Coill-Fallavain, mortuus est. A kingly congregation in Ardmacha, between Maelsech- lainn, with the Nobility of Leh-Cuinn, half Ireland, and Madogan, with the nobilitie of Connaght"[recte,ofConcov8r's province], "and
troups and companies of them to Patrick's sanctuary, and Suairlech, with the clergy of Meath. Caireall mac Ruarach, king of Loch- Uaithne, jugulatus est dolose ante portam oratorii Tiernai, at Cluonauis, by the Connells of Fern- voy. Echa, mac Cernay, kinge of them of Ross, killed by the Gentyles. Tibraid nepos Baeihe- nai, Abbot of Lismor, mortuus est." — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend., 49.
" Dubhghoill : i. e. Black Foreigners. Accord-
Q
482
[850.
pop pionnjallaiti occ Linn Ouachaill,-) r° cuippfc dp mop poppa. Rfj&al mo Clpomacha ecip TTlaolpeaclainn, mac TTlaolpuanaib, co mainb Ceice Cumn, 1 TTlaouDan co maicib 601516 Concubaip. OiapmaiD -| pecjna, co pamaib pancpaig map aen piu, -| Suaiplec .1. Inofonen co cleipcib TTIiDe. Caipeall, mac RuaDpach, cijjfpna Locha hUaicne, DO mapbab la Conaillib. GochaiD, mac Ceapnaij, cijeapna Peap Roip, DO mapbaD la 5«Uaib. plann- cha6, mac Ctongupa, cijfpna [Ua] pocaD cfpe, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo caecca. Qn peipeaD bliaoam DO TTlhaoilpeach- lamn. TTIaonjal, abb QpOa ppara, Colam, mac Qipeccaij, abb Copcaije, Ceallac, mac Cpunnmaoil, abb Cino 6105, ConDach, abb Ruip ailinp, PIO- ndn, abb Imbleacha lobaip, Pmjin, mac Laioginn, abb Cluana pfpra TTlolua, hUapjup Ua Raicnen, abb Leirjlinne, Lfpjal, abb Orna, popbapach, mac TTlaoluiDip, abb Cille moipe CinDech, Cfnopaela6, mac Ulcain, eccnaiD boice Chonaip,i Qipcpi, mac paoldin, aipcinneach Cille oapa, Decc. Carol, mac
ing to Duald Mac Firbis's genealogical work (Marquis of Drogheda's copy), p. 364, the Irish called the Danes by this name to distinguish them from the Norwegians, whom they styled Finnghoill, or Finn-Lochlannaigh. His words are as follows :
" 5°'P|C> fcpibne 5ao'^ea'' 3°'^ DO ^-oc^" lanbuiB : joipio Beop Dublochlannuij DO opuinj oioB .1. DuiBjemce, ap na Danaip on Oania .1. Oanmapj. pionn-6ochlannaij .1. pmnjemnce .1. luccna h-lopuaije, .1. luce na Nopfoejia ; i. e. the writings of the Irish call the Lochlannaigh by the name Goill : they also call some of them DubUochlannaigh, i. e. black Gentiles, which was applied to the Danes of Dania, i. e. Denmark. Finn-Lochlannaigh, i. e. fair Gentiles, i. e. the people of loruaighe, i. e. the people of Norwegia."
According to this definition, the Norwegians were the first Scandinavian invaders of Ireland, and Turgesius was a Norwegian, not a Dane. — See O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, voce Lochlon- nach.
'"Province ofConchobhar — This should mean
all the province of Ulster, which was governed by Conchobhar Mac Nessa. in the first century ; but Madudhan was really only king of circum- scribed Uladh, or Ulidia — See Reeves's Eccle- siastical Antiq. of Down and Connor, fyc., p. 354.
* Oflndednen. — This place is in the territory of Bregia, not far from Slane — See Archdall's Monasticon Hibernicum, p. 540 — See Trias Th., p. 295, where Colgan translates this passage as follows :
"A. D. 849. Publica comitia Ardmachae cele-* brataper Malachiam jttium Malruani (Hibernise Eegem) cum proceribus Leth-cunnice (hoc est, Aquilonaris Hibernire) et per Madaganum (Re- gem Ultonias) cum proceribus Ultonice: quibus et interfuerunt Diermitius et Feihgna cum clero Sancti Patricii (id est, Ardmachano) ; et Suar- lechus Indedhnensis cum clero Mediae.'1''
' Loch Uaithne : i. e. Uaithne's Lough, now Lough Ooney, situated near the village of Smithborough, in the barony of Dartry and county of Monaghan. The chief of Dartraighe- Coininnse had his principal residence at this lake, and hence he was sometimes called lord of
850.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
483
depredation by the Dubhghoill upon the Finnghoill, at Linn-Duachaill, and they made a great slaughter of them. A royal meeting at Ard-Macha, between Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh, with the chiefs of Leath-Chuinn, and Madudhan, with the chiefs of the province of Conchobharw. Diarmaid and Fethghna, accompanied by the congregations of Patrick, and Suairleach, i. e. of Indednen*, with the clergy of Meath. Caireall, son of Ruadhrach, lord of Loch Uaithney, was slain by the Conaille. Eochaidh, son of Cearnach, lord of Feara-Rois, was slain by the foreigners. Flannchadh, son of Aenghus, lord of [Ui-]Fothadh-tirez, died.
The Age of Christ, 850. The sixth year of Maelseachlainn. Maenghal, Abbot of Ard-srath ; Colann, son of Aireachtach, Abbot of Corcach ; Ceallach, son of Crunnmhael, Abbot of Ceann-Eitigha; Condath, Abbot of Ros-ailithirb; Finan, Abbot of Imleach-Ibhair ; Finghin, son of Laidhgin, Abbot of Cluain- fearta-Molua ; hUarghus Ua Raithnen, Abbot of Leithghlinn ; Learghal, Abbot of Othain ; Forbhasach, son of Maeluidhir, Abbot of Cill-mor-Cinnech0; Ceann- faeladh, son of Ultan, wise man of Both-Chonaisd; and Airtri, son of Faelan,
Loch-Uaithne See it again referred to at
A. D. 1025.
1 Ui-Fothadh-tire — This is probably the ba- rony of Ifia and Offa West, in the now county of Tipperary, of which, according to O'hUidh- rin's Topographical Poem, O'Mearadhaigh, now O'Mara, was the ancient chieftain :
" O'TTIeapaoaij, tnaic an pij, rpiur O Paraio
pu.np moiprip Ui N6ill a h-lM Gojam phinn, na leojum
co I6ip luaiohini." " O'Mearadhaigh, good the king, lord of Ui-
Fathaidh, who obtained a great territory ; The O'Neills of fair Ui-Eoghain, all the lions I mention."
See note k, under A. D. 813, p. 426, supra.
* Ceann-Eitiyh Now Kinnity, in the barony
of Ballybritt, and King's County. — See note h, under the year 1213, p. 183, infra.
b Bos-ailithir. — Now Roscarbery, in the barony of East Carbery, and county of Cork.— See
3
note ", under A. D. 824, p. 436, supra.
c Cill-mor- Cinnech : i. e. the great Church of Ceann-eich. This was probably Ceanneich, anglice Kineigh, near the village of Iniskeen, in the barony of Carbery, and county of Cork, where are the remains of a Bound Tower. There is another Ceann-eich near Castledermot, in the county of Kildare.
d Both- Chonais : i. e. Conas's booth, tent, or hut. This is described by Colgan, who knew it well, as in the barony of Inishowen, in the dio- cese of Derry :
" Fuit olim magnum et celebre monasterium Dioecesis Derensis, in regione de Iniseonia. Hodie locus prophenatus est, et in vicinia asser- vantur apud viros pios multi libri istius loci S. Moelis»" [Brolchani] "manu conscripti." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 108.
The name is now obsolete; but there can be little doubt that it is the place in the parish of Culdaff, in the barony of Inishowen, called the Templemoyle.
Q2
484 awwata Rio^hachca emeaNN. [851.
Dubdin, cijfpna Ua nOuach Ctpgaopoip, pojapcach, mac TTlaoilbpfpail, cijfpnaOipjiall, [oecc]. plannagan, njfpna Leice Charail, DO mapbab la Plann, mac Conaing. Luchc occ piac long DO pinojallaib Do poccaoap DO cac ppi Oubjallaib co Snam 6ibneach, cpf la i reopa hoibce DoiB ace caru- ccab pe poile, co po mebam pia nOubjjallaib, 50 ppapgaibpioc piorrojoill a lonja leo. Qpo ITlacha Do pdpujjab la ^alla'o tinne Ouachaille an Domnac jap cCaipcc. Qp pop 5allQ1^ i naipceap 6pfj, ap oile oc Raic Qloain la Ciannaccaib in aom mf.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo caecca a haon. Qn peaccmao bbaDam Do TTlaoil- eaclamn. plaicniab, mac Conjaile, eppcop -] abb biopaip, Capcach, abb Ui'pe Da jlaip, Qilill, mac Robapcai£, abb Lupcca, piano, mac TCeaccabpac, abb Ceic TTlancdin, GnoliD, eccnaiD T^ipe Da jlaip, Qil^fnan, .1. mac Oonn- jaile, pi Caipil, oecc. Carhmal, mac Uomalcaij, leirpi Ulab, Do mapbab la ^allai bh. Gachcijfpn.mac ^"aipejCijfpnaLaijfri Ofpgabaip, DO mapbab la 6puaoap,macCteba -\ la Cfpball, mac Dun jaili, i meab'ail. bpuaDap, mac Qeba peipin DO mapbab i cfno ochc la lapam la muincip Gccijfpn a nofojail a ccijeapna. TTlaolcaupapDa, mac TTlaoilbpeapail, cijfpna Ua TTlic Uaip Qipjiall, DO ecc. Cacal, mac Dubdin, cijfpna Qpjacc poip Decc. Ceap- nach, mac ITlaelebpfpail, cijfpna Coba, Decc. Oengup, mac Neill, cijeapna Ua mbepcon, r.ecc. Od comopba pdcpaicc .1. popanndn pcpibnib, eppucc,
° Ui-Duach-Argad-Rois. — The territory of lying between Cuailgne and Boirche in Uladh. —
this tribe is defined in an Inquisition taken on See Reeves's Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down
the 1st of May, 1635, from which it would ap- and Connor, $c., p. 252, note *. The most of
pear that it was then regarded as coextensive the events given by the Four Masters under
with the barony of Fassadineen, in the county the year 850, are noticed in the Annals of Ulster
of Kilkenny; but it was originally far more ex- under 851, as follows :
tensive, for Rath-Beothaigh, now Rathveagh, on " A. D. 851. The spoile of Ardmach by the
the Nore, in the barony of Galmoy, is referred forreiners in Easter-day. The navy of 28 ships
to as in this territory (see note *, p. 26, supra) ; of White Gentiles came to give battle to Duv-
and in O'hUidhrin's Topographical Poem, Ui- gents (i. e. Blacke) to Snavaignech, three dayes
Duach-Osraighe, the country of O'Braenain, is and three nights to them" [recte, were passed by
called " Pionncldp paippinj na Peoipe," i. e. them] "fighting, but the Blacke broake" [i.e.
the extensive fair plain of the Nore." gained the victory] "at last, and" [the White]
' Snamh-Eidhneach Otherwise called Cuan "ran away; both tooke their ships. Stain fugi-
Snamha-Aighneach. From various references tivus evasit ; Ercre decollates jacuit. Moengal,
to this bay it appears to have been the ancient abbot of Ardsraha ; Cennfaela mac Ultain, sa-
naine of Carlingtbrd Lough, an arm of the sea piens; Boithe-Conais,etLergalpn'nce/j*ofOithne,
851.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 485
airchinnech of Cill-dara, died. Cathal, son of Dubhan, lord of Ui-Duach-Argad- rois"; Fogartach, son of Maelbreasail, lord of Oirghialla, [died]. Flannagan, lord of Leath-Chathail, was slain by Flann, son of Conaing. A fleet of eight score ships of Finnghoill arrived at Snamh-Eidhneachf, to give battle to the Dubhghoill ; and they fought with each other for three days and three nights, and the Dubhghoill gained the victory ; the Finnghoill left their ships to them. Ard-Macha was devastated by the foreigners of Linn-Duachaille, on the Sunday before Easter. A slaughter was made of the foreigners in the east of Breagh ; [and] another slaughter was made of them at Rath-Aldaing, by the Cianachta, in one month.
The Age of Christ, 851. The seventh year of Maelseachlainn. Flaith- niadh, son of Conghal, Bishop and Abbot of Birra ; Carthach, Abbot of Tir-da- ghlas ; Ailill, son of Robhartach, Abbot of Lusca ; Flann, son of Reachtabhra, Abbot of Liath-Manchainh; Andlidh, wise man of Tir-da-ghlas ; Ailgheanan, i. e. son of Donnghal, King of Caiseal, died. Cathmal, son of Tomaltach, half king of Ulidia, was killed by the foreigners'. Eachtighern, son of Guaire, lord of South Leinster, was treacherously slain by Bruadar, son of Aedh, and Cear- bhall, son of Donghal. Bruadar, son of Aedh, was himself slain at the end of eight days afterwards, by the people of Echtighern, in revenge of their lord. Maelcaurarda, son of Maelbreasail, lord of Ui-Mic-Uais-Oirghiall, died. Cathal, son of Dubhan, lord of Argat-rosk, died. Cearnach, son of Maelbreasail, lord of Cobha, died. Oenghus, son of Niall, lord of Ui-Berchon1, died. The two
successors of Patrick1", namely, Forannan, scribe, bishop, and anchorite, and
v , •
dormierunt. Fogartach, mac Maeilbressail, king north of the King's County See it already
of Airgiall, moritur. Cahal, mac Duvan, king referred to at the years A. D. 645, 664, supra,
of Oduoch Arcatrois, moritur. Forbasach, mac and 1531, infra.
Maeiluir, prince of Killmor of Cinneh, moritur. ' The foreigners "A. D. 852. Cathmal, muc
A slaghter of the forreiners at Daiyinsies in the Tomaltaigh, leth-ri Uladh, a Nordmannis inter-
north" [recte east] "ofBregh, and another at fectus est" — Ann.Ult.
Rathallain by Cianacht in uno mense." — Cod. k Argot-rot See this obit before entered
Clarend., torn. 49. under 851.
* Rath-Aldain — Now Rathallon, in the parish ' Ui-Berchon Now Ibercon, a district on the
of Moorechurch, near Duleek, in the territory west side of the River Barrow, in the barony of
of Cianachta-Breagh, in the east of the county Ida, and county of Kilkenny. The village of Ros-
of Meath. bercon, anciently Ros-Ua-mBerchon, is within it.
b Liath-Manchain — Now Lemanaghan, in the •» The two successors of Patrick.— " A. D. 851.
486 aNwaca Rio^hachca eiraeaNW. [852.
1 angcoipe, -] Oiapmaicc an cf ba poipcci -| ba tieccname ipin Gopaip 50 huiliDi, oecc. Gmlaoib, mac pi£ Loclainne, oo ceachc i nGpinn, gup po giallpacc i mbdccap DO eaccaipcenelaib i nGpinn o6,-| DO bfpc cfop 6 ^haoiD-
elaib. 5°FPaiD> mac Feal15ura' coir^c^ ^nnP 5a^« becc-
Goip Cpiopc, ochc cceo caoja a Do. Qn cochcmao bliabain Do TTlaoil- eaclainn. InOpeaccach Ua pfnaccdin, comapbba Colaim Cille, eaccnaiO coccaioe po pobaim mapcpa la Sajcaib an Dapa la Decc DO TTlhapca. TTIaoil- pfchlainn, pi Gpeann DO bul a TTIumain, co pdinicc Inoeoin na nOeipi, ~\ DO bepc a ngialla -| a oijpeip uaca, ap po cpiallpar ppirbfpc ppip a huchc ecraipcemel. ITIuipjeal, bfn pij Laigfn, Decc. Cpunnrhaol, mac TTlaoileDum, njeapna Ua ppi&5eince, DO ecc. Uuachal, mac THaoilbpijoe, pi Laijfn, DO mapcpaD. bpuaoap, mac CmopaolaiD, cijfpna TTlupjpaije, Deg.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochc cceo caoja a cpi. Qn nomab bliaDam Do ITlhaoil- eaclainn. Qilill, abb QchaiD bo,-| Robapcach, abb Innpi Cainofja, pcpibnio, Decc. T^uDjup, mac TTlaicmaDa, abb TTlainipcpech buice, Do bachaD ipin mboinn. Cacan, banabb Cille Dapa, Decc. Sloiccheab la hCtob, mac Neill co hUlraib, co ppapccaib Conneccan, mac Colmain, ~] plaicbeaprach, mac Neill, a^up pochaiDe ele apceana. TTluipfDach, cijfpna Qpoa Ciannacca, oecc. Op^ain Cocha Ceno la ^allaib lap nool paip pop lecc oijpeb, ~\ cop- cpacap piche ap cheo DO baoimb leo im ^opman.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochc cceo cao5a,a cftraip. C(n DeacrhaD bliabam DoTTlhaoil- fclainn. Sooomna, eppcop Slaine, DO pulang mapcpa 6 Noprmannaibh. Copb- mac Laicpij bpiuin, pcpibneoip, anjcoipe, -\ eppcop, Decc. Suibne Ua Roiclij,
Duo heredes Patricii, viz. Forinnan Episcopus et Irish did learn this circumstance of the nature
Anchorita, et Diarmaid sapientissimus omnium of their country, which made them give them
Doctorum Europe, quieverunt." — Ann. Ult. the Irish name of Loch-lannaicc."
" Lochlann : i. e. Scandinavia. Dr. O'Brien In the Annals of Ulster the arrival of Amh-
in his Irish Dictionary, voce LOCHLONNACH, con- laibh (i. e. Amlaff, Aulaf, or Olaf) is noticed at
jectures that Lochlann means " land of lakes," the year 852, as follows :
and remarks as follows : " A. D. 852. Avlaiv, king of Laihlinn, came
" All the countries about the borders of the into Ireland, and all the forreiners of Ireland
Baltic are full of lakes ; hence George Fournier, submitted to him, and had rent from the Irish."
in his Geographical Description of the World, — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
says that Dania, literally signifies terra equatilis, ° Innsi-Gall: i. e. insuhe Gattorum: i. e. the
which is the same thing as a land of lakes. It Hebrides, or western islands of Scotland,
was, doubtless, from the Danes themselves the • " Innreachtach.—" A. D. 853. Here* Columbe
852.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 487
Diarmaid, the most learned and most wise in all Europe, died. Amhlaeibh, son of the King of Lochlann", came to Ireland, so that all the foreign tribes in Ire- land submitted to him ; and they exacted rent from the Gaeidhil [the Irish]. Gofraidh, son of Fearghus, chief of the Innsi-Gall0, died.
The Age of Christ, 852. The eighth year of Maelseachlainn. Innreach- tachp Ua Finachtain, successor of Colum Cille, a distinguished wise man, suffered martyrdom from the Saxons on the twelfth day of March. Maelseachlainn, King of Ireland, proceeded into Munster, until he arrived at Indeoin-na-nDeisiq; and he enforced hostages and submission from them, for they had given him opposition at the instigation of the foreigners. Muirgheal, wife of the King of Leinster, died. Cmnnmhael, son of Maelduin, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died. Tuatha?, son of Maelbrighde, King of Leinster, was martyred. Bruadar, son of Ceannfaeladh, lord of Musgraighe, died.
The Age of Christ, 853. The ninth year of Maelseachlainn. Ailill, Abbot of Achadh-bo, and Robhartach, Abbot of Iniscaindeagha, a scribe, died. Rudgus, son of Maicniadh, Abbot of Mainistir-Buithe, was drowned in the Boinn. Catan, Abbess of Cill-dara, died. A hosting was made by Aedh, son of Niall, into Ulidia, where he lost Connegan, son of Colman, and Flaithbheartach, son of Niall, and many others besides. Muireadhach, lord of Ard-Cianachta, died. The plundering of Loch Cend8 by the foreigners, after they had entered it on the ice ; and one hundred and twenty persons were slain by them, together with Gorman.
The Age of Christ, 854. The tenth year of Maelseachlainn. Sodhomna, Bishop of Slaine, received martyrdom from the Norsemen. Cormac of Laith- reach-Briuin, scribe, anchorite, and bishop, died. . Suibhne Ua Roichlich,
Cille, sapiens optimum, iv. Id. Marcii apud Saxones " A. D. 853. Maelsechlainn, King of Tarach,
martirizatur." — Ann, Ult. went into Mounster, even to Inneoin of the
i Indeoin-na nDeisi. — Now Mullach-Indeona, Desies, and brought their pledges." — Cod. Cla-
a townland in the parish of Newchapel, near rend., torn. 49-
the town of Clonmel, in the territory of the r Tuathal. — "A. D. 853. Tuathal, mac Mael-
northern Deisi, called ]^agh-Feiinhean, now bright!, rex nepotum Dunlaingi jugulatus est do-
the barony of Iffa and Offa East, and county lose afratribus suis." — Ann. Ult.
of Tipperary. — See Keating's History of Ireland ' Loch Cend. — This is evidently a mistake for
(reign of Cormac, son of Art). This entry is Loch Cendin. — See note k, under the year 821.
given in the Annals of Ulster at the year 853, This entry is not to be found in the Annals of
thus : Ulster. The others given by the Four Masters
488 aNNata Rio^hachca eiRecmN. [855.
pcpibneoip, angcoipe, -\ abb Lip moip, Carapach, mac CijCpnaij, pepcfjip Qpoa TTlacha, i fccnaib poipcre epibe, Oecc. Laippen Ci^e TTlunna Decc. TTlaolpeaclamn,macrnaolpuanaib,Do bul coCaipiol Uluriian, 50 ccucc jialla peap TTlurhan oopfbipi. Coipne mop -] pecc, comccap poippi ppiom loca, -] ppiom aibne Gpecmn Do rpaijrechaib -\ mapcachaib on nomab Callainn Do Oecembep gup an occrhab ID Gnaip. Ouipceach Lupcca DO lopccab la Nopcmannaib. Roirifb mop pia nQob, mac Neill, pop ^aUgaoibealla hi n^liono phoicle, co po lab a nap leip. Dunlanj, mac Ombouin, njeapna porapra cipe, oecc. paolcab, mac popbapaij, cijfpna Ua mbaippce maije Decc. Niall, mac 51^cnn» iar nibeic rpioca bliabam gan Dij gan biab, Decc.
Qoip Cpiopr, occ cceo caoga a cuicc. Qn caenmab bliabam Decc DO mhaoileaclamn. TTlaenjal.abb pobaip,Siabal, DipipcCiapain,-] TTlaoloena, mac Olbpaino, Do Luiccnib Connacc, peap leijinn Cluana mic Noip, Decc. TTlacuDan, mac TTIuipfuhaij, pi Ulab, ~\ a clepcecc acbar. 6pan, mac Scannlam, njfpna ^abpa, Decc. Upiap Do lopccab i cUaillcm la paijnen.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo caecca ape. On Dapa bliabam Decc Do TTIhaoil- fclainn. Compab eppcoip -] abb Cluana hGpaipo, Decc. Uioppaioe ban- ban, abb Tfpe Da jlap, TTlaelriiile, abb Imleacha lubaip, Ceallac, mac ^uaipe, njfpna Ua cCeinnpelaij, Decc. Cfpnach, mac Cionaoca, cijfpna Ua mbaippce Ufpe, Decc. TTIaolpeachlamn, mac TTlaolpuanaib, co ppfpaib
under 853, are to be found in the former under The year 854 of the Four Masters corres-
854. ponds with 855 of the Annals of Ulster, which
' The Gall-Gaeidheala :- i. e. the Dano-Irish. notice the events of that year as follows. The
' u Gleann-Fhoichle.-OiheTwise written Gleann- true date is 856.
aichle, and anglicised Glenelly, a remarkable " A. D. 855. Great frost and ice soe as the
valley in the parish of Badoney, barony of Stra- loghes and rivers of Ireland were passable for
bane, and county of Tyrone — See note ', under foote and horse from the 9th Kal. of December
A. D. 1600, p. 2226, infra. untill the 7th Id. of January. Tempesluosus
" Fotharta-tire. — Now the barony of Forth, annus et asperissimus" [rede, asperrimus~\, " Mael-
in the county of Carlow. sechlainn, mac Maelruanai, at Caissill, untill he
1 Ui-Bairrche-Afaighe. — This should be " Ui- got the pledges of Mounster. Greate warr be-
Baircheand Ui-Maighe." They were the names tween the Gentiles and Maelsechlainn, aad the
of two territories on the west side of the River English-Irish" [recte Dano-Irish] ''assisted him.
Barrow, in the present Queen's County, com- The Oratory of Luscan burnt by the Nordmans.
prising, the former the barony of Slievemargy, A conflight by Hugh mac Nell upon theEnglish-
and the latter the barony of Ballyadams. — See Irish" [recte Dano-Irish] " at Glinfocle, that
Leabhar-na-gCeart, notes'" and °, pp. 212, 213. great slaghter was had of them. Horm, chief
855.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 489
anchorite, and Abbot of Lis-mor, [and] Cathasach, son of Tighearnach, (Eco- nomus of Ard-Macha, and who was a learned wise man, died. Laisren of Tigh- Munna died. Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh, went to Caiseal of Munster, and again carried off the hostages of the men of Munster. Great ice and frost, so that the chief lakes and the chief rivers of Ireland were passable to footmen and horsemen, from the ninth of the Calends of December to the eighth of the Ides of January. The oratory of Lusca was burned by the Norsemen. A great victory was gained by Aedh, son of Niall, over the Gall-Gaeidheala*, in Gleann- Fhoichle", where he made a slaughter of them. Dunlang, son of Dubhduin, lord of Fotharta-tirew, died. Faelchadh, son of Forbhasach, lord of Ui-Bairrche- Maighe*, died. Niall, son of Gillan, after being [living] thirty years without food or drinky, died.
The Age of Christ, 855. The eleventh year of Maelseachlainn. Maenghal, Abbot of Fobhar; Siadhal of Disert-Chiarainz; and Maeloena, son of Olbranu, [one] of the Luighni of Connaught, Lector of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Matudan, son of Muireadhach, King of Ulidia, died in religion. Bran, son of Scannlan, lord of Gabhra", died. Three persons were burned at Tailltin by lightning.
The Age of Christ, 856. The twelfth year of Maelseachlainn. Comsadh, Bishop and Abbot of Cluain-Iraird, died. Tibraide Banbhan, Abbot of Tir-da- ghlas ; Maeltuile, Abbot of Imleach-Iubhair ; Ceallach, son of Guaire, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died. Cearnach, son of Cinaeth, lord of Ui-Bairrche-tire, died. Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh, with [all] the men of Ireland,
of the Black Gentiles, killed by Ruarai, mac note under A. D. 868, infrd. Some of the en-
Merminn, king of Wales. Suivne nepos Roichli, tries given under 855 by the Four Masters
scriba at anchorita, abbot of Lismor ; Cormac of are inserted in the Annals of Ulster under the
Lahrach-Briuin, scriba et episcopus, in pace dor- year 856, as follows : . • ,
mierunt. Sodomna, Episcopus of Slane, martiri- " A. D. 856. Maenghal, abbot of Fovar, and
zatur." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. Siagal of Disert-Ciarain, mortui sunt. Madugan,
J Without food or drink. — The death of this mac Muireai, King of Ulster, mortuus est. Three
Niall is noticed in the Annals of Ulster under men burnt at Taillten by the fyre Dinim" [i. e.
the year 859, but it is only stated that he de coelo]. "Great wynde, that it brake downe
suffered from paralysis. — See it repeated by the many trees, and alsoe the Hand of Innselocha"
Four Masters under A. D. 858. [recte, the artificial islands in lakes].
' Disert-Chiarain — Now Castlekieran, near " 0/Gabhra: i. e. of Ui-Conaill-Gabhra, now
the town of Kells, in the county of Meath — See the baronies of Upper and Lower Conello, in
note *, under the year 770, p. 374, supra. ; also the county of Limerick.
3R
4go awwata Rioghachca emeaNN. [857.
Gpeann, cen mo COD TTIuirhni^, oo bol i rcipib TTluman co nDeipib oeic noibce oc nGmlib. Ro loipcc -| po inoip ffluma co muip ino aen 16, mp mabmaim pop a piojaib ace Capn Luccbac, co ppapccbab ann laip TTlaolcpon, mac TTluipfohaij, canaipi na nOeipi, co pochaibe ele. Cucc mparh TTlaolpfchlainn jialla TTluman 6 Chumap na cpi nuipce co hlnpi Uapbnai lap nSpinn,-] 6 Oun Ceapmna co hCfpainn ndiprip, Don cupap pin. TTlaibm pia cCeapball, njeapna Oppaije,-] pia nlomap hi ccpich Qpab cipe, pop Cenel piacac, co n^allgaoiDealaib Leice Cuinn. Ceicpi ceo ap pe rhi'lib an lion cdinicc Ceap- ball i lomap. InnpeaD Laijfn la Cfpball, mac nOunlainj, "| a ngeill Do jabdil im Coipppe, mac nOunlainj, -\ im Suichenen, mac Qpciiip.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceo caocca a peachc. Qn cpeap bliaDam Decc Do TTlhaoilpeaclainn. Suaipleach, abb Qchaib bo Cainoij, Qilill banban, abb biopaip, TTlaolcoba Ua paolain, abb Cluana hUama, ~| paoljap, abb Ruip Cpe, Decc. Sloiccfoh mop la hQmlaoib i la hlomap,-) la Cfpball, njeapna Oppaijje hi TTliDe. Ro nonoileaD pfojDal maice 6peann lap in pij TTlaoil- peaclamn, 50 T?air Qoba mic 6pic, im pecjna, corhapba Parpaicc,-) im Suaip- leach comapba pinnia, Do benarh pioba ajup caoncompaic peap nGpeann, comb ann Do pao Cfpball, cijjeapna Oppaije, oijpeip comapba phaDpaic, -| pinnia Do pij 6peann, lap mbeic DO Ceapball ceacpacac oibche in Gpepop, 1 mac pij LoclanD immaille ppip i rcopuc oc inopeab TTlibe. Conab lap
' % *
b Carn-Lughdhach : i.e. Lughaidh's Cam, or ' Ara-Airthir : i. e. East Ara, now Inis-soir,
monumental heap of stones. This place has not anglice Inisheer, the most eastern of the three
been identified. Islands of Aran, in the Bay of Galway. This
°Cumar-tri-n Z7wc«.-Otherwise written Comar- island was always considered a part of Munster,
dtri n-Uisce, i. e. Confluentia Trium Fluviorum, and is still inhabited by families of Munster
i. e. the Meeting of the Three Waters, near descent, as O'Briens, O'Sullivans, &c. ; while
Waterford. — See Colgan's Trias Thaum., p. 164, the Great Island of Aran is chiefly inhabited by
c. 81 ; and note h, under A. M. 3727, supra. families of the Connaught race, as O'Flahertys,
d Inis-Tarbhnai : i. e. Insula Tauri, now the Mac Conneelys, &c.
Bull, a small islet situated due west of Dursey e Aradh-tire. — Now the barony of Arra, or
Island, in the barony of Beare, and county of Duharra, in the north-west of the county of
Cork. Tipperary SeeLeabhar-na-gCeart, p. 46, note'.
e Dun- Ceannna : i. e. Cearmna's Dun, or Fort. The year 856 of the Annals of the Four Mas-
This was the ancient name of the Old Head of ters corresponds with 857 of the Annals of
Kinsale, in the south of the now county of Cork. Ulster, which notice the events of that year as
— See note °, under A. M. 3668, p. 44, supra. follows :
857.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 491
except the Munstermen, went into the territories of Munster, and tarried ten nights at Emlidh [Emly] ; he burned and plundered Munster as far as the sea in one day, after having defeated its kings at Carn-Lughdhachb, where he lost Maelcron, son of Muireadhach, Tanist of Deisi, with many others. Maelseach- lainn carried off the hostages of [all] Munster, from Cumar-tri-nUiscec to Inis- Tarbhnaid in the [south-] west of Ireland, and from Dun-Cearmnae to Ara- Airthirf, on this expedition. A victory was gained by Cearbhall, lord of Osraighe, and by Imhar, in the territory of Aradh-tireg, over the Cinel-Fiachach, with the Gall- gaeidhil [the Dano-Irish] of Leath-Chuinn. Four hundred above six thousand was the number which came with Cearbhall and Imhar. The plundering of Leinster by Cearbhall, son of Dunlang ; and he took their hostages, together with Cairbre, son of Dunlang, and Suithenen, son of Arthur.
The Age of Christ, 857. The thirteenth year of Maelseachlainn. Suair- leach, Abbot of Achadh-bo-Cainnigh ; Ailill Banbhan, Abbot of Birra ; Mael- cobha Ua Faelain, Abbot of Cluain-Uamha ; and Faelghus, Abbot of Ros-Cre, died. A great army was led by Amhlaeibh and Imharh, and by Cearbhall, lord of Osraighe, into Meath. A great meeting of the chieftains of Ireland was collected by the King Maelseachlainn to Rath-Aedha-mic-Bric1, with Fethghna, successor of Patrick, and Suairleach, successor of Finniak, to establish peace and concord between the men of Ireland ; and here Cearbhall, lord of Osraighe, gave the award of the successors of Patrick and Finnia to the King of Ireland, after Cearbhall had been forty nights at Ereros1, and the son of the King of Lochlann at first along with him plundering Meath, And after they had awarded
" A. D. 857. Cumsa, Episcopus, Anchorita, et westerly behind Ireland, and from Dun-Cermnai princeps of Clonirard in pace dormit. Cinaeh, to Arain, northward. Pluvialis Autumnus et mac Ailpin, king of Fights" [Rex Pictorum], perniciosus frugibus." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. " and Adulf, king of Saxons, mortui sunt. Tibraid, h Imhar: i.e. Ivor, or Ifars. He was the an- Abbot of Tirdaglas, mortmts est. Maelsechlainn, cestor of the Danish kings of Dublin, mac Maelruanai, with all Ireland, came into ' Rath- Aedha-mic- Brie. — Now Rathhugh, or Mounster, and stayed ten nights at Neim" [i. e. Rahugh, in the barony of Moycashel, and county the Blackwater River], " spoyling them to" of Westmeath. — See note", under A. D. 771 ; [the] "sea, after puttinge theire kings to flight and note ', under A. D. 1382, p. 686, infra. at Carn-Lugach, and the haulfe king of the k Successor of Finnia : i. e. Abbot of Clonard. Desies, Maelcron, mac Muireai, was lost there, ' Ereros. — This is probably the place now and Maelsechlainn brought their pledges or called Oris, or Oras, in the county of West- captives, from Belach Gavrain to Iland-Tarvnai meath.
492 awHata Rio^hachca emeaNN. [858.
jio piapaijpoc pfj Oppaije DO beich i noilpi ppi Lee Chumn pogaiD THael- 5iialai, mac Oonnjaile, pf TTlurhan, a oilpi. Din. maelguala, pf TTlurhan, Do clocab la Nopcmannaib, co po mapbpac e. Sejonnan, mac Conamj, cijeapna Caippje bpacaiDe, oecc.
Goip Cpiopc, ochn cceo caoga a hochr. Qn cfupamaO bliaOain Decc Do TTlhaoileaclainn. Oengup, abb Cluana peapca TTIolua, ~\ ba heccnaio roccaibe e Dna, agup Colman, abb Ooimliacc, Decc. Niall, mac Qallaw, Decc, lap noeijbeacaib, lap mbeich ceirpe bliabna pichfc i rpeablair Dicum- aing. Sloiccheab Laijfn, TTIuman, -\ Connacc, -] Ua Neill an Deipceipc, ipm pocla la TTlaolpfchlainn, mac TTTIaelpuanaiD, 50 po ^ab lonjpopc occ TTlai^ Duma, i ccompoccup Qpoa TTlacha. 17o pobaip QOD pmoliar, mac Neill, ~\ plann, mac Conaing, an Dunaio an oiDce pin pop an pfjj, ~\ po mapbaiD "| po miiDaijiD t)aoine lomoa leo pop lap an lonjpoipr, i po rheabaiD lapam pop Qoo co papsaib lie Dia rhuincip, uaip po copain TTlaolpfclainD co na plojh an lonjpopr co peapDa ppi luchc an phocla. Qo6 Oub, mac Ouiboaboipfnn, cijeapna Ua pmgence, Decc, lap na.juin. ITlaibm pia cCfpball pop loingfp Puipc Laipje oc CtchoD mic Gpclaije.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo caoga anaoi. Qn cuicceab bliaDam Decc DO ITlhaoileaclamn. piachpa, abb ^ijje TTlunDa, Decc. Cach Opoma Da rhaije DO cabaipr la TDaolpfclamn pop ^hallaib Qca cliar, aipm a cropcpaoap
™ Carraig-Brachaidhe. — A territory in the and out of that assemblie Cervall gave obedi-
north-west of the barony of Inishowen, in the ence to Patrick's Sama1'1 [i. e. the clergy of Ar-
county of Donegal — See note under A. D. 834. magh], " and to his Coarb, and that Ossory be-
The year 857 of the Annals of the Four came in league with Lethcuinn, .i. the Northern
Masters corresponds with 858 of the Annals of haulf " [of Ireland], " and Maelguala, king of
Ulster, which notice the events of that year as Mounster, became true frend. The said Mael-
follows : guala, king of Mounster, was killed a Nord-
" A. D. 858. Suairlech, abbot of Achabo ; mannis. Sechonan, mac Conaing, king of Car- Ailill Banvan, abbot of Biror; Maelcova O'Fae- raig-Brachy, moritur." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. lain, abbot of Cluon-Uova, et Faelgus, abbot of ° Niall, son of Giallan — See his death already Roscre, in pace mortui sunt. A greate army by entered under the year 854, where it is stated Avlav and Ivar, and Cervall in Meath. A that he lived thirty years without food or drink, kingly assembly of the nobilitie of Ireland at — See note q, p. 493, infrd. Rath Hugh mic Brie, about Maelsechlainn, ° Magh-dumha : i. e. the Plain of the Mound, king of Tarach" [about Fethgna, coarb of Pa- This is the place now called Moy, adjoining trick], " and about Suairlech, coarb of Finnic, Charlemont, on the Tyrone side of the Black- making peace and friendship between Irishmen, water.
858.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 493
that the King of Osraighe should be in league with Leath-Chuinn, Maelgualai, son of Donnghal, King of Munster, then tendered his allegiance. Maelgualai, King of Munster, was stoned by the Norsemen, until they killed him. Seghon- nan, son of Conang, lord of Carraig-Brachaidhem, died.
The Age of Christ, 858. The fourteenth year of Maelseachlainn. Oenghus, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Molua, and who was a distinguished sage ; and Colman, Abbot of Daimhliag, died. Niall, son of Giallan", died, after a good life, after having been twenty-four years in oppressive sickness. A hosting of [the men of] Leinster, Munster, and Connaught, and of the southern Ui-Neill, into the North, by Maelseachlainn, son of Maelruanaidh ; and he pitched a camp at Magh-dumha0, in the vicinity of Ard-Macha. Aedh Finnliath, son of Niall, and Flann, son of Conang, attacked the camp that night against the king, and many persons were killed and destroyed by them in the middle of the camp ; but Aedh was afterwards defeated, and he lost many of his people ; for Maelseach- lainn and his army manfully defended the camp against the people of the North. Aedh Dubh, son of Dubh-dabhoireann, lord of Ui-Fidhgeinte, died, after being wounded. A victory was gained by Cearbhall, over the fleet of Port-Lairgep, at Achadh-mic-Erclaigheq.
The Age of Christ, 859. The fifteenth year of Maelseachlainn. Fiachra, Abbot of Tigh-Munna, died. The battle of Druim-da-mhaigher was given by Maelseachlainn to the foreigners of Ath-cliath, where many of the foreigners
p Port-Lairge — This is the present Irish name King of Tarach, untill he came to Magdumai,
of the city of Waterford. It would appear to near Ardmach. Hugh, mac Nell, and Flann,
be antedated here, for it is quite evident that mac Conaing, came upon them by night, and
it derived this name from Lairge, Larac, or killed some men in" [the] "midest of the campe,
Largo, who is mentioned in these Annals at the and Hugh was put to flight, after that he lost
year 951. The name Waterford was imposed many, stante exercitu Maelsechlainn in statu suo.
by the Danes, or Norsemen, who write it Ve- Hugh mac Duvdavoiren, king of Figinties, mo-
drafjordr, which is supposed to signify " wea- ritur. Flannagan mac Colmain mortuus est. Niall,
ther bay." mac Fiallain, qui passus est paralisi 34 annis, et
q Achadh-Erclaiglie Not identified. The qui versatus est visionibus frequentibus, tarn faints
year 858 of the Annals of the Four Masters quam veris, in Christo quievit." — Cod. Clarend.,
corresponds with 859 of the Annals of Ulster, torn. 49-
which notice the events of that year as follows: ' Druim-da-mhaighe : i.e. Ridge of the Two
"A. D. 859. An army of Leinster, Mounster, Plains. A remarkable hill in the barony of
and Connaught, with the south O'Nells, into Coolestown, in the King's County — See note m,
the North" [ipn Poclu], "by Maelsechlainn, under A. D. 1556, p. 1543, infra.
494 dNNaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [860.
pochaibe DO ^hallaib laip. Inopeab ~\ op^ain TTh'be la hQob bpmnliac, mac Neill Chaille. 5orm^-a1^' In5^n Oonnchaba, bainpiogain Gpeann, Decc, lap ccaoi a cionab -| a cupgabal, -| lap bpfncaic cojaioe ina caipmceccaib -| peaccoib SluaijeaD la Cfpball i TTlioe co TTlaolpeaclamn i nagaib GeDha, TTIIC Neill •] Qrhlaoib, i copchaip l?uapc, mac bpaom, la hUib Neill. Qc- nuabab aenaij Roijne la Cfpball, mac nOunjaile.
Goip Cpiopr, ochc cceo fffja. pfonan Cluana caoin, eppcop -] anscoipe, Dalach, mac TTlaelepaicce, abb Cluana hlopaipo, pinoceallach, abb pfpna, 1 TTluipjiop, anjcoipe Ctpoa TTlaca, tiecc. TTlepcceall, mac Donnjaile, Ruapc, mac 6pam, pi Laijfn, Oo mapba6 la hUib Meill, bpuaDap, mac Oun- lainj, cijfpna Copca Loejbe, TTlaeloDap Ua Uinopib, f ui leijip Gpeann, oecc. Qooh pmoliar, mac Neill Chaille,-) plann, mac Conainj, Do bul la cijeapna ^all DO lonopab TTIibe co noeapnpac aipccne mopa popaib. TTlaelpfclainn mac TTlaelpuanaib, mic Oonnchaba, aipopi Gpeann, Decc, an oeacmab la picfc DO Nouembep, Dm TTIaipc DO punnpab, lap mbeic pe bliaona Decc hi pije. Qp Dia ecc po canaDh,
Sfpechcach po ppfcnaijfb a peol nDobpoin pop Gpe, O acb.ac ap pleachr puipeac, ITIaelpeaclainn Sionna pnebe. Qp lomba maipg in 506 DU, ap pccel mop la ^aoibealu, Oo popcab pion plann po jleann, Do poobab aipopi' 6peann. Ce DU Dimpim jabup nseal, ajup Diomab each ppi pam, 6n ID TTlaelpeacnaill aniu, acciu i noeaohaib ba Dam.
8 The plundering — "A. D. 860. Meath spoyled O'Tinnri, one of the" [best] " phisitians in Ire-
by Hugh mac Nell and his forreiners. Gorm- land moritur." — Ann. Ult., Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
laih, daughter to Donogh, amenissima regina This is the first notice of an Irish physician
Scotorum post penitentiam obiit." — Ann. Ult., Cod. to be found in the Irish annals since the intro-
Clarend., torn. 49. duction of Christianity. After the establish-
1 Roighne. — Otherwise called Magh-Roighne, ment of surnames there were various heredi-
or Magh-Raighne, a plain in Ossory, containing tary medical families in Ireland, as O'Hickey in
the churches of Mar-thortheach, Cill-Finnche, Thomond, O'Callannan in South Munster, O'Ley
and Gleann-Dealmhaic. — SeetheFeilire-Aenguis, and O'Canavan in West Connaught, O'Cassidy
and O'Clery's Irish Calendar at 2nd February, in Fermanagh, O'Sheil in Delvin Mac Coghlan,
17th September, and 5th October; and the and various other districts ; O'Fergus in Umh-
Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, part iii. c. 27, all, in the west of the county of Mayo ; Mac
apud Colgan, Trias Thaum., p. 153. Donlevy in Tirconnell. For a curious notice
" Ua-Tindridh. — "A. D. 861. Maelohar of old medical Irish manuscripts, used in Ire-
860.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 4y5
were slain by him. The plundering8 and devastation of Meath by Aedh Finn- liath, the son of Niall Caille. Gormlaith, daughter of Donnchadh, Queen of Ireland, died, after having lamented her crimes and iniquities, and after doing good penance for her transgressions and sins. An army was led by Cearbhall into Meath, to [assist] Maelseachlainn against Aedh, son of Niall, and Amh- laeibh, where Ruarc, son of Braen, was slain by the Ui-Neill. The renewal of the fair of Roighne' by Cearbhall, son of Dunghal.
The Age of Christ, 860. Finan, of Cluain-caein, bishop and anchorite ; Dalach, son of Maelraitte, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird ; Finncheallach, Abbot of Fearna ; and Muirgheas, anchorite of Ard-Macha, died. Mescell, son of Donn- ghal; Ruarc, son of Bran, King of Leinster, were slain by the Ui-Neill. Bruadar, son of Dunlang, lord of Corca-Loighdhe ; Maelodhar Ua Tindridh", the most learned physician of Ireland, died. Aedh Finnliath, son of Niall Caille, and Flann, son of Conang, went with the lord of the foreigners to plunder Meath, and committed great depredations there. Maelseachlainnw,son of Maelruanaidh, son of Donnchadh, Monarch of Ireland, died on the thirteenth day of November precisely, on Tuesday, after he had been sixteen years in the sovereignty. Of his death was sung :
Mournfully is spread her veil of grief over Ireland,
Since the chieftain of our race has perished, Maelseachlainn of the
flowing Sinainn.
Many a moan in every place, it is a mournful news among the Gaeidhil ; Red wine has been spilled into the valley, Erin's monarch has died. Though he was wont to ride the white stallion, and many steeds of
steady pace, The only horse of Maelseachlainn this day [i. e. his bier] I see behind
two oxen.
land in the sixteenth century, see Stanihurst, Sedulio haereditavit, doctrinam etiam quasi hse-
Hiber. Lugd. Batav. 1584, p. 43. Colgan has reditariam ffimularetur et possideret patrimo-
the following reference to the family of O'Sheil, nium." — Acta Sanctorum, p. 313, n. 1. in a note on his Life of Sedulius, Bishop of w Maelseachlainn — "A. D. 861. Aedh, mac
Dublin, at 1 2th February : JSeill, regnare incipit. Maelsechnaill, mac Mael-
" Frequens est hodie et numerosa per diversas ruanaigh, ri Erenn uile, ii. Kal. Decembris tertia
Hibernise provincias Seduliorum familia, natu- feria anno regni sui xvi. defunctus est." — Ann.UU.
ralis scientise peritia, et medicine professione O'Flaherty places the death of Maoilseachluinn
continue excellens, quasi quas nomen a magno mac Maolruanaidh, and the accession of Aldus,
496
[861.
Copccpab longpuipc l?ochlaib la Cinoeircib, mac n^aichfn, ci^eapna Laijipi ipm cuiccib ID Sepcembep, •] mapbab Conuill Ulraij ~\ Lmpgnen, 50 pochaibib oile immaille ppiu.
Cloip Cpiopr, ochr cceo peapcca a haon. Qn ceo blia&am oQob phinn- bar, mac Neill Chaille, op Gpmn hi piece, rDaolpaccpaicc, mac pioncon, eppcop ~\ pcpibneoip, ancoipe, -\ abbap abbaoh Gpoa Tllaca, tiecc. Oainiel Ua Liaicioe, abb Copcai je i Lip moip, DO £uin. Geban, abb Inpi Caraij, oecc. TTluipfgan, mac Oiapmaoa, njeapna Nctip -\ dip rip Lipe, Do mapbab la Noprmannaib. Qob, mac Cumupccaij, cijeapna Ua Ni alien n, oecc. Qmlaoib, lomap, i hUipli, cpi coipij^all, -| Lopcan, mac Cacail, cijeapna FTlibe, DO lonnpab peapamn plomn, mic Conain^. Uaim Qchaib Glt>a hi TTlu^bopnaib maijen, uaim Cnojbai, uaim pepc booain .1. buachaill Glc- maipe, op Oubar, •) uaim mna an ^obano 05 Opoicheao ara, DO cpochab,") oopgain lap na 5a^ai° cfona. lonopauh Conoacc lap in pij Qob
or Aedh Finnliath, in the year 863, which is the true year.
1 Loughphort-RotMuibh : i. e. the Fortress of Rothlabh. This is the place now called Dun- Eathlaigh, anglice Dunrally, situated close to the Rivet Barrow, in the townland of Court- wood, parish of Lea, barony of Portnahinch, and Queen's County. It lies close to the boun- dary between Laighis and Clann-Maelughra.
y Cinneididh, son ofGaithin — See this Gaithin referred to in an interpolated passage in the Tripartite Life of St. Patrick, part iii. c. 26 (opwrfColgan, Trias Thaum., p. 155, and p. 186, notes 54, 55), as having rebuilt the fort of Rath- Bacain, in the plain of Magh-Reda (now the manor of Morett), near the church of Domh- nach-mor.
' Nas. — Now Naas, in the county of Kildare,
about fifteen Irish miles from Dublin See it
already mentioned under A. D. 705, and under A. D. 1466, 1575, and 1599. The name is ex- plained in Cormac's Glossary as denoting " a fair or place of meeting," and is applied to some other places in Leinster, as Naash, a fair-green in the parish of Owenduff, barony of Shelburne,
and county of Wexford ; and Bcdly-Naase, in the parish of Rathmacknee, in the barony of Forth, in the same county. From a very re- mote period till the tenth century, Naas, in Kildare, was the chief residence of the kings of Leinster, and their palace is supposed to have stood at what is now popularly called the north moat of Naas. — SeeLeabhar-na-gCeart, pp. 3, 9> 99, 202, 205, 226, 250, 253.
" Airther-Life. — See notes under the years 628, 811, and 834, suprd. The town of Naas was the capital of Airther-Life, and the resi- dence of the local chiefs after its desertion by the kings of Leinster.
b Achadh-Aldai : i. e. the Field of Aldai, the ancestor of the Tuatha-De-Danann kings of Ire- land. This place is described by the Four Mas- ters as situated in the territory of Mughdhorna- Maighen, now the barony of Cremorne, in the county of Monaghan ; but it is highly probable, if not certain, that Mughdhorna-Maighen is a mistake of transcription forMughdhorna-Breagh, and that Achadh-Aldai is the ancient name of New Grange, in the county of Meath. If this be admitted, the caves or crypts plundered by the
861.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
497
The destruction of Longphort-Rothlaibh* by Cinnedidh, son of Gaithiny, lord of Laighis, on the fifth of the Ides of September ; and the killing of Conall Ultach and Luirgnen, with many others along with them.
The Age of Christ, 861. The first year of Aedh Finnliath, son ofNiall Caille, in sovereignty over Ireland. Maelpadraig, son of Finnchu, bishop, scribe, and anchorite, and intended abbot of Ard-Macha, died. Daniel Ua Liaithidhe, Abbot of Corcach and Lis-mor, was mortally wounded. Aedhan, Abbot of Inis-Cathaigh, died. Muiregan, son of Diarmaid, lord of Nasz and Airther-Life", was slain by the Norsemen. Aedh, son of Cumasgach, lord of Ui-Niallan, died. Amhlaeibh, Imhar, and Uailsi, three chieftains of the foreigners ; and Lorcan, son of Cathal, lord of Meath, plundered the land of Flann, son of Conang. The cave of Achadh-Aldaib, in Mughdhorna-Maighen ; the cave of Cnoghbhai0; the cave of the grave of Bodan, i. e. the shepherd of Elcmard, over Dubhathe; and the cave of the wife of Gobhann, at Drochat-athaf, were broken and plundered by the same foreigners. The plundering of Connaught by the king, Aedh Finnliath, with the youths of the North. The killing of the foreigners at
Danes on this occasion were all in the immediate vicinity of the Boyne. It should be here re- marked that all the crypts plundered by the Danes on this occasion were in one territory, namely, in the land of Flann, son of Conang, one of the chieftains of Meath ; and that it is evident from this that Mughdhorna-Maighen is an error of the Four Masters, as that territory is in Oriel, many miles north of the land of Flann, son of Conang. The Editor deems it his duty to record that these mounds were first identified with these passages in the Annals by Dr. Petrie, in his Essay on the Military Archi- tecture of the ancient Irish, read before the Royal Irish Academy, January, 1834.
c Cnoghbhai. — Now Knowth, in the parish of Monknewtown, near Slane, in the county of Meath. It is separated from Eos-na-righ by the River Boyne. — See note b, under A. D. 784, p. 391, supra.
A Elcmar — He was son of Dealbhaeth, a Tua- tha-De-Danann prince.
3
e Dubhath. — Now Dowth, on the River Boyne, near Drogheda, in the county of Meath. The cave referred to in the text is in a remarkable mound, 286 feet high. The interior of this mound has been recently exammed by the Royal Irish Academy, who have found that the cave had been, at some remote period, broken into and disturbed. The Danes seem to have been aware of the traditions of the country, that these mounds were burial places, and that they con- tained treasures worth digging for. For a de- scription of the recent exploration of this cave see Wakeman's Handbook of Irish Antiquities.
' The cave of the wife of Gobhann, at Drochat- Atha. — This cave is in the great mound at Drogheda, on which now stands a fort which commands the town. This mound has not been examined in modern times, nor is it worth the trouble, as we have every reason to infer, from the recent operations at Dowth, that we may receive the testimony of the Irish annalists, who inform us that Uaimh mna an Ghobhann, at
498 QNNata Rioghachca emeawN. [862.
co noccaib an phocla. TTlapbaD na n^all, i pfpcai na cCafpech, le Cfpball, co papsaibpfc ;cl. cfnn Imp, -\ gup po innapb ap a epic iaD. PIOC tuimnij Decc.
Goip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peap cca a Do. Gn oapa bliabain oGob phinn- liac. Qeibsmbpic, eppcop Cille Dapa, pcpibnib 1 anjcoipe, oecc. Seblmbna Decc ap ceo a aip an can acbac. TTlaonac, mac Conomaij, abb l?uip Cpe, TTluipfoach, mac Neill, ab Cujmam -\ ceall naile,-] bpoccdn, mac Compuib, abb Slebre, Oecc. Raoinfo mop piap an pij Cte6 pinnliac,-] pia plann, mac Conaing, pop dnbic mac Qe6a, pf Ula6 co nUlcoib i ccip Conaille Cfpo. Cpeacn la Cfpball pop Laijniu,"! cpfch oile 01 peachcmame lapam la taijniu pop Oppai^ib. Copcdn, mac Cacail, cijeapna TTli6e t>o ballab la hQob ppinnliac. Concobap, mac Oonncha6a, an oapa cijfpna bof pop TTliDe, Do bdohaD in huipcce oc Cluain hlopaipD, la hQmlaib, njeapna "fiall. Oom- nall, mac Ounlaing, pijDomnaLaijfn, Decc. CfpmaD,macCacapnai5,roipeac Copca bhaipcinb, DO rhapbabh la 5«^ai^- InopeD Gojanacca la Ceapball, mac Ounjaile, co poachc co piopu ITIaije pene, -| co ccuc giallu aiceach- cuaca TTIuman, ~\ inopeD Ua nQonjupa an Depceipc, i naoin bliaoam laip.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ochr cceD peapcca a cpf. Qn cpeap bliabain DQoD.
Drogheda, was plundered by the Danes. Ac- ponds with 862 of the Annals of Ulster, which
cording to the pedigrees of the Tuatha-De- notice the events of that year as follows. The
Dananns, Goibhninn, Gobha, or the Smith old translation in Cod. Clarend., torn. 49, which
(whose brothers were Creidne, the Brazier ; is very faulty, is here corrected by the Editor.
Diancecht, the Physician; Luchtain, the Car- "A. D. 862. Hugh, mac Cumascai, king of
penter; and Cairbre, the Poet), was the son of Oniallans, moritur. Mureach, mac Maeileduin,
Tura mac Tuireill, of the royal line of the Secnap of Ardmach, and king of East-North"
Tuatha-De- Dananns. [recte, Oriors], " died by" [the hand of]
s Fearta-na-gCaireach : i. e. the Graves of the " Donell, mac Hugh, mic Nell. Muregan, mac
Sheep ; so called from the carcasses of a great Diarmada, king of Nas, and North-east of Lin"
number of sheep, which died of a mortality, [recte, Airther-Lifi, or East-of-Liffey] " a Nord-
having been buried there. The place, which is mannis, is killed. The den" [recte, crypt] " or
now called Fertagh, is situated near Johnstown, cave of Acha-Alda, and of Cnova, and the cave
in the barony of Galmoy, and county of Kil- called Fert-Boadain, over" [the] " place called
kenny, and is well known to Irish antiquaries Duma" [recte, Dubhad] ; "and the cave of the
for its ancient church and Round Tower. Smith's wife, broken and spoyled by the forrei-
h Luimneach. — This was originally the name of ners, which was never done before they did soe
the Lower Shannon ; but at this period it ceased out of their Navy. Three kings of them, viz.,
to be the name of the river, and was usually ap- Avlaiv, Ivar, and Auisle, entered the lands of
plied to the Danish fortress at Limerick. Flann, mac Conaing. Lorcan mac Cahail, king
The year 861 of the Four Masters corres- of Meath, was with them." — Ann. Ult.
862.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 499
Fearta-na-gCaireachg, by Cearbhall, so that forty heads were left to him, and that he banished them from the territory. Fiach of Luimneachh died.
The Age of Christ, 862. The second year of Aedh Finnliath. Aeidhgin- brit, Bishop of Cill-dara, a scribe and anchorite, died ; one hundred and six- teen years was his age when he died. Maenach, son of Connmhach, Abbot of Ros-Cre; Muireadhach, son of Niall, Abbot of Lughmhadh and other churches; and Brocan, son of Comhsudh, Abbot of Slebhte1, died. A great victory was gained by the king, Aedh Finnliath, and by Flann, son of Conang, over Anbhith, son of Aedh, King of Ulidia, with the Ulidians, in the territory of Conaille Cerd. A prey by Cearbhall, [lord of Osraighe], from Leinster ; and another prey in a fortnight afterwards from the Osraighi, by the Leinstermen. Lorcan, son of Cathal, lord of Meath, was blinded by Aedh Finnliath. Conchobhar, son of Donnchadh, the second lord that was over Meath, was drowned in a water at Cluain-Iraird, by Amhlaeibh, lord of the foreigners. Domhnall, son of Dunlang, heir presumptive of Leinster, died. Cermad, son of Catharnach, chief of Corca- Bhaiscinn, was slain by the foreigners. The plundering of Eochanacht by Cearbhall, son of Dunghal, so that he reached Feara-Maighe-Fenek, and bore away the hostages of the Aitheach-tuatha of Munster1; and the Ui-Aenghusam of the South were [also] plundered by him in the one year.
The Age of Christ, 863. The third year of Aedh. Maincheine, Bishop of
1 Slebhte. — Now Sleaty or Sletty, an old Conaille- Cerd, in the now county of Louth].
church near the town of Carlow, on the west " Mureach, mac Nell, Abbot of Lugai, and of
bank of the Barrow, in the barony of Slieve- many more churches, died. Aegen Britt, bu-
margy, and Queen's County See note c, under shop of Kildare, and scribe and anchorite, et
A. D. 698, p. 300, suprd. senex almost of 116 yeares of age, died."
The year 862 of the Annals of the Four Mas- k Feara-Maighe-Fene. — Now Fermoy, a ba-
ters corresponds with 863 of the Annals of rony in the north of the county of Cork.
Ulster, which notice the events of that year as ' Aitheach-tuatha of Munster: i.e. the Attacotti
follows : of Munster. These were such tribes of Mun-
" A. D. 863. Lorcan, mac Cahail, King of ster as were not of the race of Oilioll Olum.
Meath, blinded by Hugh, mac Nell, king of " The Ui-Aenghusa — These were the descen-
Tarach. Conor, mac Diarmada, halfe king of dants of Aenghus Mac Nadfraeich, King of
Meath, styfled in water at Cluain-Iraird by Munster, who was slain in Ceall-Osnadha, in the
Avlaiv, king of the forreiners. A great deroot" now county of Carlow, in 489. They were the
[i. e. derout, or defeat] " by Hugh, mac Nell, ancestors of the families afterwards called Mac
and Flann, mac Conaing, upon Ainfi and Hugh Carthy, O'Callaghan, O'Keeffe, and O'Sullivan.
with Ulsterians, in Tirconnell" [recte, in Tir- —See note °, under A. D. 489, p. 153, supra.
3s2
500 QNHaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [864.
mainceine.eppcopleicjlmne.Uuacal.mac Qpojupa, ppirh eppcoppopcpenn, 1 abb OuinCeallam, Cellach, mac Qililla,abbChille oajia,-] abb lae Oecc hi cCpic Cpuicnfch. Cfcfpnach, mac paipmj, ppioip QpOa TTlacha, Conrhal, ppioip Carhlacca, -j Cuchaipen, .1. acaip Gceapcaij, mac Gojain, mic Geb.- agdin, mic Cojibaig, pcpibnib,-] angcoipe hi cCluain mic Noip, oecc. Ticcfp- nach, mac pocapcai, cijeapna Coca 5a^aP> 1 an oapa plaic bof pop bpeajoibh, [oecc]. ^065, mac Oiapmaoa, cijeapna Ua Cennpealai£, Do mapbab la a bpdicpib peipin. Colman, mac Dunlamj, cijeapna pocapc cipe, DO mapbab la a cloinn peipin.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peapcca a cftraip. Oineapcach, eappcop -| abb Locpa,Col55a ~\ Cteoh, Da abbaoh TTlainipcpeac buice, Decc ipm mbliabampi. T?o rfcclomaoh leipcionol an Uuaipceipc la hClob ppmoliar, 50 po ajpcc lonspopca ^all gac aipm hi pabacap ipin pocla ecip Cenel Gojam "| Odl nQpaioe, ~] DO beapc a cpooh "| a neceao, a neoala") a molmaoine. l?an- gaoap ^oill an coiccib co haon maijin 50 Loc peabail mic CoDain. lap na piop oCtooh, .1. pi Gpeann, an cupcompac eaccaipcinel pin Do beic i nop a cfpe nip bo heiplfbac po ppfpclab laip iao, uaip DO poich Da poishib Ifon a pocpaiDe, "] po peapab car ainmm amiapmapcac fcoppa cfccap Da lece. Ro ppqineab pop na 5allaib, 1 po cuipeab a nap. 17o cionoilfo a ccionna co haon maijin a bpiabnuipi an pij, conab Da picic Decc cfno po comaipmeab piaba, DO pocaip laip Don cargleo pin cenmoca in po cpeccnaijce Dfob, i Do bpfca i nocaiplijib ecca laip,-) aobdinc cib lap cpioll Dia ngonaib. Spucap, 1 Slebce, •] Qchaib Qpjlaip oopgain oOppaijib. Coch LepinD DO pouoh hi
" Fortrenn. — A region of Alba inhabited by " A. D. 864" [recte, 865]. " Edipsis soli? in
the Picts. Kcd. Januarii, et Edipsis Lune in eodem mense.
" Dun-Ceallain — Now Dunkeld, a town of Cellach, mac Ailill, abbot of Killdare and of la,
Perthshire, in Scotland, situated on the River dormivit in regione Pictorum. Tiernach, mac
Tay, about ten miles north of Perth. " Dun- Fogartai, Kinge of Loch Gavar, and halfe Kinge
kelden, vel rectius Dun-Gulden, quod tumulum of Bregh, moritur. The Britones, or Welshmen,
corylorum ex etymo interpretaberis, est oppi- banished out of their country by Saxons, that
dum Caledoniorum in Scotia ad Taum annem Eacht, theire cheife, was captive at Moin-Conain"
situm." — Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 690, n. 5. [Anglesea]. " Teige mac Diarmada, rex Nepotum
The year 863 of the Annals of the Four Cinselai, interfectus eat dolose a fratribus suis, et
Masters corresponds with 864 of the Annals of a plebe sua. Convael, Equonimus of Tavlacht,
Ulster, which notice the events of that year as and Tuahal mac Artgusa, Archbushop of For-
follows : tren, and abbot of Dun-Callen, dormierunt." —
864.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 501
Leithghlinn ; Tuathal, son of Ardghus, chief Bishop of Fortrenn", and Abbot of Dun-Ceallain0, [died]. Ceallach, son of Ailell, Abbot of Cill-dara, and the Abbot of la, died in Pictland. Ceithearnach, son of Fairneach, Prior of Ard- Macha; Conmhal, Prior of Tamhlacht ; and Luchairen (i. e. the father of Eger- tach), son of Eoghan, son of Aedhagan, son of Torbach, scribe and anchorite at Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Tighearnach, son of Focarta, lord of Loch Gabhar, and the second chief who was over Breagh, [died]. Tadhg, son of Diarmaid, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, was slain by his own brethren. Colman, son of Dun- lang, lord of Fotharta-tire, was slain by his own children.
The Age of Christ, 864. Dineartach, Bishop and Abbot of Lothra ; Colgga and Aedh, two abbots of Mainistir-Buithe, died. A complete muster of the North was made by Aedh Finnliath, so that he plundered the fortresses of the foreigners, wherever they were in the North, both in Cinel-Eoghain and Dal- Araidhe ; and he carried off their cattle and accoutrements, their goods and chatties. The foreigners of the province came together at Loch-Feabhail-mic- Lodainp. After Aedh, King of Ireland, had learned that this gathering of strangers was on the borders of his country, he was not negligent in attending to them, for he marched towards them with all his forces ; and a battle was fought fiercely and spiritedly on both sides between them. The victory was gained over the foreigners, and a slaughter was made of them. Their heads were collected to one place, in presence of the king ; and twelve score heads were reckoned before him, which was the number slain by him in that battle, besides the numbers of them who were wounded and carried off by him in the agonies of death, and who died of their wounds'1 some time afterwards. Sruthar Slebhte and Achadh-Arglais were plundered by the Osraighi. Loch Lephinn1
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. eorum vulneribus," p. 367 ; but arbuiric oia
f Loch-Fedbhail-mic-Lodain : i. e. the Lake of njonaib, or ac barpao oia njonaiB, means
Feabhal, son of Lodan, a Tuatha-De-Danann "they died of their wounds," not "baptizati
chieftain. This lough is now called anglice sunt." lap ccpioll means " after some time."
Lough Foyle, situated near the town of Lon- ' Loch-Lephinn. — Otherwise written Loch-
donderry. — See note Vimder A. M. 3581, p. 40, Leibhinn, now Lough Leane, about one mile to
supra. the south of the village of Fore, in the north of
q Died of their wounds. — Dr. O'Conor incor- the county of Westmeath. According to the Life
rectly translates this : " Et transvecti sunt of St. Fechin, published by Colgan, Diarmaid,
eorum vulnerati in Ecclesias" [recte, in mortis King of Meath, lived on an island in this lake
angore], "et baptizati sunt postquam sanati de in the time of St. Fechin, who died in the year
,502
awwaca Rio^hachca eiRecmw.
[865.
puil, aeap la cdc com bo pdipce cpo amail p curha a imeachcaip. Cepnachan, mac Cumapcaij, cijeapna Rdcha hCtipnp, Do mapbaD la TTlmpesen, mac QeDajdm. TTlai&m pop lomjfp nGochaille piap na Oepib, -| copgpaD a long- puipc. Qp na n^all la cuaipceapr nOppaige, la CinneiDij mac £)aichm oc TTIinOpoichec.
Goip Cpiopc, ochc cceD peapcca a cuicc. Qn ciiicceao blia6ain DGoD. OejjeDcaip.abConoipe,-] Lainoe eala, eppcop •] pcpibniD, TCob'aprach pionn- jlaip eppcop i pcpibnm, Conall Cille Scipe eppcop, Oubapcac beipi, oecc. Copbmac Ua (,iacain, eppcop, abb i anjcoipe, Decc. TTlaolcuile, mac anjo- bann, abb Qipne aiprip, Decc. QoDacan, mac pmnpneachra, canaipi abbab Cluana, i abb ceall momDa, Decc an ceD la Do Nouembep. TTlaolDuin, mac Qo6a OiponiDe, njfpna Oilij, Decc mp nool hi ccleipcfcc Do. Copccpach Cicce Celle, pcpibniD -| angcoipe, Decc. huppan, mac Cionaoba, pijDamna Connacc, Do lopccab hi craij reineaD la Sochlacan, mac Oiapmaoa. Cop- ccaD Ouine Qmlaib, occ Cluain Oolcdin, la mac ^aicene, -\ la mac Ciapdin mic Rondic, -| ceD cfnn DO coipfchaib "fiall DO raipealbaD DO na paopclan- oaib ipm apmaij occ Cluain Oolcdin. TTIuipfoach, mac Cacail, cijeapna Ua cCpemtrainn, Deg Do paipilip. Cananndn, mac Ceallaij, pfojDarhna
664, q. v. suprA ; and according to the tradition in the country the tyrant Turgesius had a resi- dence on the same island.
1 Rath-Airthir. — Now Oristown, near Teltown, in the county of Meath __ See it already referred to under the years 784 and 805.
1 Eochaill : i. e. the Yew Wood, now Youghal, a town near the mouth of the River Black water, in the south-east of the county of Cork, where the Danes had entrenched themselves about the middle of this century.
" Mindroichet. — Now Monadrehid, near Borris in Ossory, in the Queen's County — See note % under A. D. 600, p. 225, suprd.
The year 864 of the Four Masters corre- sponds with the year 865of the Annals of Ulster, which notice the events of that year briefly as follows :
" A. D. 865. Amlaiv and his nobilitie went to Fortren, together with the forreiners of Ire-
land and Scotland, and spoyled all the Cruhnes, and brought all theire hostages with them. Colga and Hugh, two abbots of the Abbey of Bute, in uno anno mortui sunt. Cernachan mac Cumascai, King of Eathairthir, jugulatus eat dolose by Muregan, mac Aedgan. Hugh, mac Nell, praied all the mansions of the forreiners between Tirconnell and Dalnarai, that is, the South East of Ulster, and brought their goods and Chatties to his place of abode after battle geven them ; an overthrow geven them at Loch Fevail, from whence he brought 240 heads. The tourninge of Loch Levinn into bloud, that it was in lumps of bloud as if it were lights of beasts in the bottom of it." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
w Ara-airthir : i. e. the Eastern Ara, now In- isheer, the most easterly of the three islands of Aran, in the Bay of Galway. — See the year 856.
x Dun-Amhlaeibh __ Amlaff's, Auliffe's, orAu-
865.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 503
was turned into blood, so that it appeared to all that it was lumps of blood like the lights [of animals] externally. Cearnachan, son of Cumasgach, lord of Rath-Airthir8, was slain by Muirigen, son of Aedhagan. A victory was gained over the fleet of Eochaill' by the Deisi, and the fortress was destroyed. A slaughter was made of the foreigners by the people of the north of Osraighe, and Cinnedidh, son of Gaithin, at Mindroichetu.
The Age of Christ, 865. The fifth year of Aedh. Oeghedhchair, Abbot of Conner and Lann-Eala, bishop and scribe ; Robhartach of Finnghlas, bishop and scribe ; Conall of Cill-Scire, bishop ; [and] Dubhartach of Beiri, died. Cormac Ua Liathain, bishop, abbot, and anchorite, died. Maeltuile Mac an Gobhann, Abbot of Ara-airthirw, died. Aedhacan, son of Finnsneachta, Tanist- abbot of Cluain, and abbot of many churches, died on the first day of November. Maelduin, son of Aedh Oirdnidhe, lord of Oileach, died, after having entered into religion. Cosgrach of Teach- Telle, scribe and anchorite, died. Huppan, son of Cinaedh, heir presumptive of Connaught, was burned in an ignited house, by Sochlachan, son of Diarmaid. The burning of Dun-Amhlaeibh* at Cluain- Dolcain, by the son of Gaitheny and the son of Ciaran, son of Ronan ; and one hundred of the heads of the foreigners were exhibited by the chieftains in that slaughter at Cluain-Dolcain. Muireadhach, son of Cathal, lord of Ui-Cremh- thainn, died of paralysis. Ceanannan, son of Ceallach, heir presumptive of
laff's Fort. This was the name of a Danish prayed by Daigio" [recte, destroyed with tire] "by
fortress at Clondalkin, near Dublin. Sochlaehan, mac Diarmada. Auisle the third
' ThesonofGait/ien He was chief ofLaeighis, Kinge of Gentyles, by guile and by murther
or Leix, in the present Queen's County. The killed by his own kinsmen" [Auisle, tercius Rex
year 865 of the Annals of the Four Masters Gentilium, dolo et paricidio, afratribus suisjugu-
corresponds with 866 of the Annals of Ulster, lotus est]. " Battle upon Saxons of the North
which notice the events of that year as follows : at the cittie Evroc" [York] " by the Black for-
"A. D. 866. Maelduin, mac Hugh, King of reiners, wherein Ailill" [Alii] "King of Saxons,
Ailech, in clericatu dolore extenso mortuus est. was killed. Dunavlaiv burnt at Cluondolcain by
Eovartach of Finglais, episcopus et scriba ; and Mac Gaeithin, and by Maelciarain, mac Ronain,
Conall of Kilskere, episcopus ; and Coscrach of and the slaghter of a hundred heads of the best
Tetaille, scriba et anchorita ; and Ogechar, abbot of the forreiners, the same day, with those said
of Connire and Lainela ; and Cormacke, nepos captains, in the confines of Clondolcain" [in
Liahain, scriba episcopus el anchorita, in Christo eodem die apud duces predictos in conjinio Cluana
omnes dormierunt. Maeltuile, abbot of Lower Dolcain]. " Muireach, mac Cahail, King of Kin-
Arne, died. Guaire, mac Duvdavoiren, mortuus dred Crimthainn, died of a long palsy" [paralisi
est. Aban, mac Cinaeh, second in Connaught longa extinctus est]. — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
504 awwaca Rio^hachca eiReatw. [866.
Ua cCeinnpealai-z;, Decc. TTlai&m pia mac ^aithini pop ^allaib Qra cliac i ropcaip Ooolb micle. J5niTT1beolu, coif eac ^all Copcaije, Do rhapbaD lap na Oepib.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD pepcca a pe. Qn peipfb bliaDain Ddob. Ceal- lac, mac Cumupccaij, abb pobaip, eccnaib uapal oipombe eipibe. Conn- mach, abb Cluana mic Noip, a pine "frail Do .1. Do Chenel 6achach "frail, ~\ a ecc an ceo la DO mi lanuapn. Oaimel, abb ^l'1™6 Da ^oca, -\ Uarhlachca, Caomdn, mac Oaolaij, abb Ooirhliacc Cianain, Con^al, mac pfoaicch, abb Cille Dealga,-] pcpibnib cojaiDe.-j pfpjup Ruip ailirip, pcpibniD -| anjcoipe, oecc. Reaccabpa, mac TTlupchaDa, abb Copcaije moipe, ~\ Caichcene, abb Cluana hGiDneach, Decc. piano, mac Conaing, njeapna bpfj tnle, DO nonol peap mbpf^, Laijfn, -| "frail, co Gill ua nOaijpe, cuig mile li'on a pocpaioe, ino aghaiD an pfgh QoDa pmnleir. Nf paibe Qo& acr aon mile namd im Concobap, mac Uaibg rhoip, pij Connacc. Ro peapaD an car co ofocpa Ducpacrac fcoppa, -| po meabaiD po &eoi6 rpia neapc lomjona, -| lomaipeacc pop piopa 6pfj, pop Laijnib.i pop ^allaib, i po cuipeab a nap, •) copcpaDap pochaibe mop Do 5a^ai° T111 cca^ rin- ^opcaip ann plann, mac Conainj, cijfpna 6pea£, -| OiapmaiD, mac 6reppceoil, njfpna Loca ^abap,-] Caplup, mac Qmlaib, mac cijeapna ^all. Copcaip Don leic apaill paccna mac TTlaoileDuin, pijDamna an phocla, hi ppirjuin an caca. TTIan- nacan, njeapna Ua mbpiuin na Sionna, po rhapb plann, Dia nebpxaD,
TTlop an buaiD Do TTlhannachdn, DO jlonn an jaipcciD jaipj, Cfno mic Conainj ma lairh, Do baij pop lonchaib mic Uai&g.
' Eochaidh Gall. — This notice of Connmhach's in Jocelin, Trias Thaum., p. 1 12, n. 70, 71 ; and
descent is not in the Annals of Ulster. The Leabhar-na-gCeart, p. 226, note h. The Fine-
Editor has not been able to find any authentic Gall, who were seated at Dublin, and in the
document to prove the existence of this Eoch- east of the plain of Bregia, were evidently the
aidh. Jocelin, in his Life of St. Patrick, makes descendants of the prince, Tomar, or Tomrar,
him the father of Ailpin, King of Dublin in St. who was slain in the year 847- Patrick's time ; but this is a silly fable (similar a Gill- Ua-nDaighre : i. e. Church of the Ui-
to that about Gurmundus and his Irish Lord Daighre, now probably Killaderry, in the county
Deputy, Turgesius), which was evidently writ- of Dublin.
ten since A. D. 930, to flatter the vanity of the b Conchobhar, son ofTadhg Mor: i. e. of Tadhg,
Christian Danes of Dublin, by asserting that son of Muirgheas, who was the fourth in descent
their ancestor was converted to Christianity by from Muireadhach Muilleathan, a quo Sil-Mui-
St. Patrick. — See Colgan's notes on this fable readhaigh. This Conchobhar was the grandfather
866.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 505
Ui-Ceinnselaigh, died. A victory was gained by the son of Gaithin over the foreigners of Ath-cliath, wherein fell Odolbh Micle. Gnimhbeolu, chief of the foreigners of Corcach, was slain by the Deisi.
The Age of Christ, 866. The sixth year of Aedh. Ceallach, son of Cumas- gach, Abbot of Fobhar, who was a noble and illustrious wise man ; Connmhach, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, one of the Fine-Gall, i. e. of the race of Eochaidh Gallz, died on the first day of the month of January. Daniel, Abbot of Gleann- da-locha and Tamhlacht ; Caemhan, son of Daelach, Abbot of Daimhliag- Cianain ; Conghal, son of Feadach, Abbot of Cill-Dealga, and a distinguished scribe ; and Fearghus of Ros-ailithir, scribe and anchorite, died. Reachtabhra, son of Murchadh, Abbot of Corcach-mor ; and Laichtene, Abbot of Cluain- eidhneach, died. Flann, son of Conaing, lord of all Breagh, collected the men of Breagh [and] Leinster, and the foreigners, to Cill-Ua-nDaighre", — five thou- sand was the number of his forces, — against the king, Aedh Finnliath. Aedh had only one thousand, together with Conchobhar, son of Tadhg Morb, King of Connaught. The battle was eagerly and earnestly fought between them ; and the victory was at length gained, by dint of wounding and fighting, over the men of Breagh, the Leinstermen, and the foreigners ; and a slaughter was made of them, and a great number of the foreigners were slain in that battle. There were slain therein Flann, son of Conaing, lord of Breagh ; Diarmaid, son of Ederscel, lord of Loch-Gabhar ; and Carlus, son of Amhlaeibh, [i. e.] son of the lord of the foreigners. There fell on the other side Fachtna, son of Mael- duin, Righdhamhna of the North, in the heat of the battle. Mannachan, lord of Ui-Briuin-na-Sinnac, slew Flann ; of which was said :
Great the triumph for Mannachan, for the hero of fierce .valour, [To have] the head of the son of Conaing in his hand, to exhibit it before the face of the son of Tadhgd.
of Tadhg of the Three Towers, King of Con- derive their surname. The territory of the Ui-
naught, who died in 954, and the great-grand- Briuin-na-Sinna, or Ui-Brjuin of the Shannon,
father of the Conchobhar, from whom the family lies principally between Elphin and Jamestown,
of the Ui-Conchobhair, or O'Conors of Con- in the county of Eoscommon, and comprises the
naught, derived their hereditary surname. parishes of Kilmore, Aughrim, and Clooncraff —
0 Mannachan, lord of Ui- Briuin-na-Sinna — See note k, under A. D. 1197, p. 107, infra. This Mannachan is the ancestor from whom the d The son of Tadhg: i. e. Conchobhar, King of
family of the Ui-Mannachain, or O'Monahans, Connaught.
3T
506 QNNata Rio^hachca eiraectNN. [866.
Qp DO na cofpeachaib Do pfol TTluipfohaij cdngaoap Do each Chille Ua nOaijjpe, \\o pdiDfo inDpo,
Ciac bepa cdc a bpfc, ap a lufje Ian ecaij,
Qp iao po an caompfp Decc, loDap ipm ccac Da coimeo.
Locap pan cac bd cabaip, pmnacca -\ pollariiain,
TTlaonach, maic mem an mapcaij, ajup ^065, mac Uomalcaij.
plannaccdn plaic pciamoa an pcuip, ip TTlujpoin caorh Ua Cacail,
TTlannachdn bd maic a mem, ip Gioic ua TTlaoilrhiceil.
Opuch Qe&a aobepc piap ccac, cecimc,
Oop pail Dap pmoabaip pinD, piallac jpinn DonD Dap laic linn luino, Qp ap ceoaib pimceap 501 II, DO cac ppi pij nGcaip nuill.
QeD cecimc,
TTlaic ap mana, maic ap peace, neapc ceD cupa& map ccopp, QppaijiD puap, DenaiD ecc, mapbaiD an cpeD immon cope.
pile cecimc,
hi cCill Ua nDaijpe mom, blaippic piaic lomann cpo, TTleabaip pop pluaj piabpa n^all, ip pop plann nip pippan Do.
* The Sil-Muireadhaigh : i. e. the O' Conors of common. — See note ', under the year 1256, Connaught and their correlatives __ See note ', p. 358, infrd. For a curious account of the under A. D. 700, p. 301, suprd. chiefs of Sil-Muireadhaigh, and their offices
' To guard him — Dr. O'Conor says that two under the King of Connaught, see the Stowe
lines are here wanting, which seems true. Catalogue, p. 168; and Hardiman's edition of
* Finnackta — He was the ancestor of the fa- O'Flaherty's West Connaught, pp. 139, 140. mily of O'Finaghty of Dunamon, whose terri- k The poet of Aedh : t)puc Qeoa. — In the tory extended on both sides of the River Suck. Ledbhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys, p. 203, the
hFlannagan — He was chief of Clann-Cathail, reading is pile Qeoa, i. e. the poetofAedh-
a territory near Elphin, in the county of Ros- Finnliath, Monarch of Ireland. The Druth was
common, and ancestor of the family of O'Flan- rather the king's fool, who was often as wise
nagain, now Flanagan. and as witty a man as the king himself.
' Maelmichil. — He is the ancestor of the family ' Brown-haired-host : i. e. the forces of Con-
of O'Maeilmhichil, now anglice Mulvihil and chobhar, King of Connaught.
Mulville, anciently seated in the territory of m King ofEtar: i.e. King of Howth, by which
Corcachlann, in the east of the county of Ros- is here to be understood Flann, son of Conaing,
866.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 507
» /
It was of the chieftains of the Sil-Muireadhaighe who came to the battle of Cill-Ua-nDaighre, the following was composed :
Though every one should judge adversely, it is on his full false oath : These are the eleven men who went into the battle to guard him'. There went into the battle to assist therein Finnachta8 and Follamhain, Maenach, — good was the disposition of the horseman, — and Tadhg,
son of Tomaltach ; Flannaganh, beauteous chief of the cavalry, and the comely Mughroin,
grandson of Cathal ; Mannachan, good was his mind, and Aidit, grandson of Maelmichil'.
The poet of Aedhk said before the battle :
There comes over the bright Finnabhair a pleasant, brown-haired host1,
across the noble, rapid stream. It is in hundreds the foreigners are counted, to fight with the great
King of Etar111.
'H
Aedh cecinit:
Good our cause", good our expedition, the strength of a hundred
heroes in our body ; Rise ye up, accomplish valour, kill the herd along with the boar0.
' f v
A certain poet cecinit:
At Cill-Ua-nDaighre this day, the ravens shall taste sups of blood, A victory shall be gained over the magic host of the foreigners, and over Flann ; it will be no good news to him.
prince of Bregia. appaijib puap oSnaib See
0 Good our cause. — This quatrain is quoted by Poippjib an ep6o imon cope."
Michael O'Clery in his Glossary, in voce aF- o M^ ^ ^ ^ . mmon copc , Jm Qn
paijto, arise, thus : appaijio .1. e.pjib, ariiml copCi_It ig gtftted in ftn interlined gloss in the
acd ipn pann : gtowe copy? and in the Leabhar-Gdbhala of the
" ITIair ap mana, Fe6PP 6P bpeacc, O'Clerys, p. 203, that the copc, boar, here
Neapc cdo cupao map gcopp. alludes to Flann, son of Conaing.
3x2
508 dNNaca Rioshachca eiraeaNN. [gee.
Qe6 cecimr, , Do pil bui&ne Laijfn leip, lap an mbpeip Don bhoinn bpaip,
Gipfo DO beip maoin im phlann, comapDa na n^all pia a aip. Qe6 cecinic,
CuipiD neim pop ccfngaD paip, pop mac ningop DO Oubpaij, Upean ap colba Cpipc pon am, i mbealach bobba Dop pil.
Qp Don car ceona po pdibfb,
Gol Dufb an DO pijne, mac Neill Oilij eapgnae, Qn cGob PITID co poDbf, cfpp occ Cill Ua nOai jpe. Oeich cecoip co [a] nuaije, lap peoaib inD i pfje Oon Deabaib conpuala, mebaiD pop 6615 mile.
Loippin Dpur plainn acbepr po,
Oia luain laire Ifoca loomap ) mbelac ndca. pmopuine pip po bfoca, lonmume jnuipi gnara.
TTldraip plainn, mjfn Neill appubaipc po,
Sippan, ofppan, Deajpcel, Dpoichpcel, mai&m caca puaiD paenaij, Sfppan pi, Dia noeapna paoiliD, oippan pf popp poemib, Dioppan DO pluaicch Leire Cuinn, a ccuicim la piabpa Sldini, Sioppan pfojaD Qe6a uill, asup Duppan Diobao plainn. TDdcaip plainn beop,
Ctn coe coe, DO nf mac Conamg Don poi,
Qilem pf conicc gac DU Do popre an bpu Do Donnoe.
p Dubhsaigh : i. e. the black slut, or bitch __ " Findruine __ In the Leabhar-Gabhala of the
This reproachful name is bestowed by the mo- O'Clerys, p. 204, this is glossed by pip &pea£,
narch on his own sister, who was the mother of i. e. men of Bregia.
Flann. — See note % infrd. ' The daughter of Niall. — It is stated in the
11 Christ protects. — The monarch Aedh here Leabhar-Gabhala of the O'Clerys (ubi supra),
reminds his troops that, as they were fighting that the mother of Flann mac Conaing was the
against pagans and their Irish allies, Christ daughter of Niall Caille. She was, therefore, the
would be on their side to ensure them victory. sister of the monarch, and Flann was slain fight-
' Bealach-natha. — This was the name of an ing on the side of the Danes against his uncle.
ancient road near Killonerry ; but the name is The joy and grief of Flann's mother expressed
now obsolete. in these rhymes can then be easily imagined.
866.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 509
Aedh cecinit :
The troops of Leinster are with him, with the additional men of the
rapid Boinn ; What shews the treachery of Flann is the concord of the foreigners
by his side.
Aedh cecinit :
Put ye the venom of your tongues upon him, upon the narrow-hearted
son of Dubhsaghp; Mighty is our standard, Christ protects"1 us in the pass of danger in
which we are. Of the same battle was said :
Know ye what did the intelligent son of Niall of Oileach,
The fair Aedh, with slaughter, southwards at Cill-Ua-nDaighre ?
Ten hundred in the grave, by direct computation ;
In the battle which happened, five thousand were defeated.
Loisin, the poet of Flann, said this :
Monday, the day of terror, we went to Bealach-nathar.
The men of Findruine8 were slaughtered ; dear were the well-known faces.
The mother of Flann, the daughter of Niall', said this :
Happiness ! wo ! good news ! bad news ! the gaining of a great trium- phant battle,
Happy for the king whom it makes joyous ; unhappy for the king who was defeated.
Unhappy for the host of Leath-Chuinn, to have fallen by the sprites of Slaini".
Happy the reign of the great Aedh, and unhappy the loss of Flann !
The mother of Flann again :
The fire, fire which the son of Conang made of the plain ! I beseech the king, who protects every place, to strengthen the mother who bore him.
" The sprites of Slaini : i. e. the Danes, who Boyne, near Slane, in the county of Meath. — had taken up their station at Linn-Rois, on the See note q, under the year 841, p. 462, supra.
510 QNNaca Rio^hachca eiraeawN. [867.
Liaa uipcce anaicmb DO meabpam a ccaob Sleibe Cualann ina jicnbe mpccac ~\ bpic cionouba, gup bo maccnab mop la each inDpin. Conn, mac Cionaeoha, cijeapna Ua mbaippci cfpe, Do mapbab oc cojailm Duine popp tia gallaib.
Cloip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peapcca a peachc. Qn peachcmab blia6am DQoo. Qilill Chlocaip pcpibnib, eppcop, -] abb Clocaip, Copbmac, mac Glabaijj, abb Saijpe, eppcop,-] pcpibnib, Niallan, eppcop Sldine,oecc. Goooip, mac Oonjaile Do 6ol i mapcpa la 5a^a)D i nOipipc oiapmacca. TTlapcan, abb Cluana mic Noipi Oaimmpi, pcpibnib eipibe DO Dhapcpaijib oaiminpi a cenel. Oubcac, mac TTIhailcuile, peap po beappjnaiD ap eccna -| pojlaim DO luce na hGoppa uile ma pe, oecc. piano, mac peapcaip, abb Lainoe Ceipe, -] peprijip Qpoa TTlaca, Decc. Copbmac, mac Connmaij, pepcijip, pcpibniD, i fccnaib Cluana peapca bpenamn, Decc. Ounlancc, mac ITIuip- fohaij, pf Laijfn, Decc. Ulaelbpijoe, mac Spealam, cijeapna Conaille, Decc i ccleipceacc. CionaeD, mac TTlaelpuanaiD, an Dapa cijeapna bof an can pin pop Chiannaccoib DO mapbaD. TTlaolciapain, mac T?6ndm cpempeap aipcip Gpeann peinoio pojla pop ^hallaib, Do rhapbab. Cian, mac Gachac, cijeapnaCpemranme^ecc. Cian mac cummupccaijjCijeapnaUa mbaippci, Deg. Cfpnach, mac Gacach, njeapna TTlujbopn mbpfj, [oecc]. Oonnajan, mac CeDpacca, cijeapna Ua cCeinnpealaij, Do mapbaD. Conainj, en mac plainn, mic Conaing, DO mapbaD la hUib cCemnpelaij. QpD TTlaca Dopsain 1 DO lopccab, co na oeapcaijib uile la hQmlaoib. Oeic cceD ecip bpeob ~\
* Sliabh-Cualann — This was the old name of forreners, wherein fell 900, or more. Flann, the Sugar-loaf mountain, near Bray, in the mac Conaing, King of all Bregh ; Diarmaid, county of Wicklow. The year 866 of the Four mac Edirsceoil, and many Gentiles, were killed Masters corresponds with 867 of the Annals of in that battle ; Diarmaid being king of Loch- Ulster, which notice the events of that year gavar. Fachtna, mac Maeilduin, died of a wound briefly as follows : gotten in the battle, being heir apparent of the
" A. D. 867. Cellach, mac Cumascaich, Abbas Fochla, that part of Ulster" [so called]. " Con-
Fovair, juvenis sapiens et ingeniosissimus, periit. gal, mac Feai, Abbot of Killdelga, scriba, quievit.
Convach, Abbot of Clonmicnois, in node Kal. Ja- Eruptio ignota aque de Monte Cualann cum pis-
nuarii in Christo dormivit. Daniel, Abbot of cibus atris. Ventus magnus in Feria Martini.
Glindaloch and Taulachta. Caevan, mac Daly, Rechtavra, mac Murcha, abbot of Corca-mor,
Abbot of Doimliag, mortmts est. A battle by dormivit." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
Hugh, mac Nell, at Killonairi, upon the O'Nells * Dartraighe-Daimhinsi : i. e. Dartry of Deve-
of Bregh, upon Leinster, and a greate army of nish. This is clearly a mistake for Dartraighe-
867-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 511
A stream of strange water burst forth from the side of Sliabh-Cualannw, in which were fish and coal-black trouts, which were a great wonder to all. Conn, son of Cinaedh, lord of Ui-Bairrchi-tire, was slain while demolishing the for- tress of the foreigners.
The Age of Christ, 867. The seventh year of Aedh. Ailill of Clochar, scribe, bishop, and Abbot of Clochar ; Connac, son of Eladhach, Abbot of Saighir, bishop and scribe ; Niallan, Bishop of Slaine, died. Eodois, son of Donghal, suffered martyrdom from the foreigners at Disert-Diarmada. Martin, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois and Daimhinis, a scribe of the sept of Dartraighe- Daimhinsi1; Dubhthach, son of Maeltuile, a man who excelled all the people of Europe in wisdom and learning, died. Flann, son of Fearchar, Abbot of Lann-Leire and (Economus of Ard-Macha, died. Cormac, son of Connmhach, oeconomus, scribe, and wise man of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn, died. Dunlang, son of Muireadhach, King of Leinster, died. Maelbrighde, son of Spealan, lord of Conaille, died- in religion. Cinaedh, son of Maelruanaidh, the second lord that was at that time over the Cianachta, was slain. Maelciarain, son of Ronan, champion of the east of Ireland, a hero-plunderer of the foreigners, was slain. Cian, son of Eochaidh, lord of Creamthainn, died. Cian, son of Cumasgach, lord of Ui-Bairrchi-tire, died. Cearnach, son of Eochaidh, lord of Mughdhorn- Breagh, [died]. Donnagan, son of Ceadfadh, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, was slain. Conang, only son of Flann, son of Conang, was slain by the Ui-Ceinnsealaigh. Ard-Macha was plundered and burned, with its oratories, by Amhlaeibh. Ten hundred was the number there cut off, both by wounding and suffocation ;
Coininnsi, which was the ancient name of the ciarain, mac Ronain, the only kingly man of the
barony of Dartry, in the west of the county of North-east" [reete, of the east] " of Ireland, and
Monaghan. the bruising champion of forreners, killed. Cer-
The year 867 of the Annals of the Four Mas- nach, mac Echach, chiefs of Mugorne-Bregh ;
ters corresponds with 868 of the Annals of Ruaachan, mac Neill, cheife of the O'Forinans,
Ulster, which notice the events of that year as died. Ardmach spoiled by Aulaiv" [recte, Aulaiv
follows: spoiled Ardmach], "burninge the towne and
" A. D. 868. Martan, Abbot of Clonmicnois the oratories, and skying ten hundreth by fire
• and Daivinis, scriba, and Niallan, bushop of and sword, and caried great booti away. Don-
Slane, died. Cormac, mac Elaai, Abbot of nagan mac Cedfaa, Rex O'Cinselai, jugulatus eft
Saigir, el scriba, ritam sentient jinicti. Flann, mac dolose a socio sito. Ailill of Clochar, scriba, Epis-
Ferchair, eqtumintus of Ardmach, and prince of copus, and Abbot of Clochar-mac-Damen, mor-
Lainleire" [keu!~\ " brtviter finivit vitam. Mael- tutu est. Duvhach, mac Maeltuile, doctitsimut
512 QNNaca Rio^hachca eiReawN. [868.
mubuccab po mapbab ano la caob jac eoala -| 506 lonnmapa t>a bpuaippeac ann oo bpeic leo. T?uabacdn, mac Nell cofpeac Ua popanodn, oecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peapcca a hocbr. Qn coccrhab blia&am oGob. Suaiplfch inb GiDnen eppcop, anscoipe, -\ abb Cluana hlopaipD, Oocnnp i nmabacc -| tno fcna ppipeacalra inD ipip cpdbaib, •) caom gnfoma, 50 po Ifc a amm po 6ipmn uile. Compub, abb Oipipr Ciapdin 6healaij Duin pgpibnib -) eppcop, Decc. J5epcm> mac Oicopca, abb Saijpe, OiapmaiD, abb pfpna, Connla, ancoipe Dpoma capab Qipoe Cianacca, OubOacuile, abb Lee moip TTlocoerhocc, lTlaolo6ap,an5coipe, eppcop, -\ abb Oairhinpi, [oecc]. Cobrach, mac TTluipfohaij, abbCille t»apa, fgnaib ~\ ooccnip fpgna epibe. Qp DO po pdibeab,
Cobcach cuippi^ cuippfchaig, oomna pij Lipche lennaic, Oippan mac mop TTluipebaij, ba liac Ua Coeirhpinn Ceallaij. Cleiri laijean lejnibe, puf plan, pfjainn, poclac, Reclu puipeach pebpije, comopba Conlaib Cobcach.
Comjjan PODO, angcoipe Uamlacca, Dalca TTlaoilepuain, 065. Oalach, mac TTiuipcfprai^, cijeapna Ceneoil Conaill, t>o mapbab, ~\ TTlaolmopba, mac Qilella ci jeapna Ceneoil Lujbac, 065. TTlaolpeacnaill ba n^eapna leic oeipceipc bpea^ Do mapbab la ^allaib. Cionaob, mac peapgaile, ci^eapna Ua bpiiiin Cualann, Decc. lonopab Laijfn la hQob ppmnliac o C(c cliac co ^abpan. Ceapball mac Dunjaile, cop in Ifon boi Dia monnpab Don leic oile 50 Oun bolcc. popoppaoap Laijin ounaib Ceapbaill -\ mac
Latinorum totius Europce, in Christo dormivit. Drumcar, in the barony of Feara-Arda-Cia-
Maelbrighde, mac Spelain, rex Conaille, in cleri- nachta, now mtglice Ferrard, in the county of
catu obiit." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. Louth — See note1, under the year 811, p. 424,
y Disert- Chiarain of Bealach-duin. — Now cor- supra.
ruptly called, in Irish, Ister-Chiarain, and in a TheCuirreach of races Now the Curragh of
English, Castlekieran, an old church on the Kildare, which is still celebrated for its horse-
Abhainn-Sele, or Blackwater River, in the ba- races. It would appear from Cormac's Glos-
rony of Upper Kells, and county of Meath, and sary, in voce Cmppech, that the ancient Irish
about two miles and a half north-west of the had chariot races here ; for in that work it is
town of Kells. There are some curious ancient conjectured that the word cuippech is derived
crosses still to be seen at this church, which "a curribus." This derivation of the word,
indicate the antiquity of the place. — See note ', though not strictly correct, still affords a strong
under the year 770, p. 374, supra. presumption that chariot races were held on
1 Druim-caradh of Ard-Cianachta. — Now the Curragh in the time of the author of this
868.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 513
besides all the property and wealth which they found there was carried off by them. Ruadhachan, son of Niall Ua Forannain, died.
The Age of Christ, 868. The eighth year of Aedh. Suairleach of Eidhnen, bishop, anchorite, and Abbot of Cluain-Iraird, doctor in divinity, and in spiri- tual wisdom, in piety, and in good deeds, so that his name spread over all Ireland, [died]. Comsudh, Abbot of Disert-Chiarain of Bealach-duiny, scribe and bishop, died. Geran, son of Dichosca, Abbot of Saighir ; Diarmaid, Abbot of Fearna; Connla, anchorite of Druim-caradh of Ard-Cianachtaz; Dubhdathuile, Abbot of Liath-mor-Mochaemhog ; Maelodhar, anchorite, bishop, and Abbot of Daimhinis, [died]. Cobhthach, son of Muireadhach, Abbot of Cill-dara, who was a wise man and learned doctor, [died], Of him was said :
Cobhthach of the Cuirreach of races3, intended king of Liphthe of tunics, Alas ! for the great son of Muireadhach. Ah grief ! the descendant of the
comely fair Ceallach.
Chief of scholastic Leinster, a perfect, comely, prudent sage, A brilliant shining star, was Cobhthach, the successor of Connladhb.
Comhgan Foda, anchorite of Tamhlacht, the foster-son of Maelruain, died. Dalach, son of Muircheartach, lord of Cinel-Conaill, was slain; and Maelmordha, son of Ailell, lord of Cinel-Lughdhach0, died. Maelseachnaill, who was lord of half South Breagh, was slain by the foreigners. Cinaedh, son of Fearghal, lord of Ui-Briuin-Cualann, died. The plundering of Leinster by Aedh Finn- liath, from Ath-cliath to Gabhrand. Cearbhall, son of Dunghal, plundered it on the other side, as far as Dun-bolge. The Leinstermen attacked the fort of
Glossary. The chariot is frequently referred to fol. 47, J, a; and Battle of Magh Bath, note u,
in the lives of St. Patrick, as in use among the pp. 157, 158.
pagan Irish: "Junctis terno novem curribus ^ From Ath-cliath to Gabhran: i.e. from Dublin
secundum deorum traditionem." — Lib.Ardmach. to Gowran, in the county of Kilkenny.
b Connladh — He was the first Bishop of Kil- e Dunbolg — This was the ancient name of a
dare. — See note k, under the year 519, p. 179, fort near Donard, in the county of Wicklow. —
supra. See note h, under A. D.594, p. 218, suprd. The
c Cinel-Lughdhach: i. e. theRace of Lughaidh, year 868 of the Annals of the Four Masters
son of Sedna. The territory of this tribe ex- corresponds, with 869 of the Annals of Ulster,
tended from the stream of Dobhar to the River which give the events of that year as fol-
Suilighe, now anglice the Swilly, in the pre- • lows :
sent county of Donegal.— See Book of Fenagh, "A. D. 869. Suairlech of Aignen, Episcopus
So
514 aNNQta Rioghachca eiraeaNN. [869.
i Do mapbab Daonie lomba leo. lap na pdcuccab pin Do luchc an longpmpc po chachaibpfc co calma ppiu, 50 po pupdilpfc poppa co na plaic 6pan mac ITIuipeabaij, dob ina ppiceing lap mapbab pochaibe Dia mumnnp uai&ib. InDpeab na nOeipi la Cfpball, mac nOunjaile, co nOppaijib, ~] copcaip Copcpan, mac Cetecaip, -\ ^opman, mac Lachcnam leo.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peapcca anaoi. Gn nomab bliabain DQob. Gilill, eppcop, abb pobaip, Oubcach, abb Chille achaib, pcpibnib, ancoipi,-| eppcop, Cupoi, mac Qllmab, abb -| eaccnaib Inpi Clocpann,-] Caille poclaba, i TDibe, Decc. Colcca, mac TTlaoilecuile, abbaib, ~\ angcoipe Clilana Con- aipe Uoimen, TTlaon^al, ailirip, abb bfnocaip, ~\ THaolmibe, mac Cumupccaij, ppioip Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Qibll, mac Ounlainj, pf Laijfn, DO rhapbab la Noprmannib. Cacal, mac Inopecraij leir pf Ulab, Do mapbab cpia pop- congpa an pij Qeba. plaicfrh, mac paolcaip, Do bdbab. TTIaolmuaib, mac pinnpnecca, cijeapna Qipnp Cipe, Deg. Inopeab Connacc la Cfpball, ~| la Ouncab, 1 copcaip buachail mic Ounaoaij leo. Innpeab TTluman Dna la Ceapball cap Luachaip piap.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD peachcmoba. Qn Dfchmab bliabain oGob pinn- liac. 5nia ePPc°P «bb Ooimliacc, angcoipe -\ pcpibneoip. Secc mbliabna ochcmogar a aeip an can acbdc. Cfp Dia eccaome Do pdibeau,
^nia jpian ap ccaom clainoe, cfnn cpabaib inpi hGrhip, TTIaDgab napab naeb Ppainne corhopba Ciandm ceilij. Cenmdip pamab popchaibe Diamba cenn ceim cencia, Oippan inino mop molbcaije ap capa caoim pino
anchorita, et Abbas of Clon-Iraird, doctor religionis house. Duvdatuile, Abbot of Liahmor-Mocae-
totius Hibernice pausavit. The spoylinge of Lein- mog ; Maelohar, Abbas et Anchorita Daminse ;
ster by Hugh, mac Nell, until!" [i. e. as far as] Cumascach, Abbot of Disert-Ciarain of Bealach-
" Gavran. Cervall, mac Dungail, with his force, duin, scriba et Episcopus ; Comgan Foda, An-
came to hinder them to Dunbolg ; but Leinster- chorite of Tavlachta, Maelruain's disciple ; and
men spoy led Cervall and Mac Gaeihine's mansion Conla, Anchorite of Druim-cara in Ard-Cia-
places, and killed som men, and did flee backe nachta, omnes mortui sunt. Obsessio Aile-cluithe
with their King, viz., Mureach, mac Brain, and a Nordmannis .i. Avlaiv and Ivar, duo reges
some of them were killed. Dalach, mac Mur- Nordmannorum; obsederunt arcem illam, et de-
tach, dux Generis Conell, a gente sua jugulatus struxer:unt, in fine quatuor mensium arcem, et pre-
est. Diarmaid, mac Diarmada, killed a man in daverunt. Maeilsechlainn, mac Nell, haulfe king
Ardmacha before the dore" \interfecit virum ante of Descert Bregh, is falsely killed" [interfectus
januam damns'] " of Hugh, King of Tarach his dolose] " by Ulf, a Blacke Gentile. Covhach,
869.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 515
Cearbhall, and of the son of Gaithin, and many men were slain by them. When the people of the fort had perceived this, they fought bravely against them, so that they compelled them, with their chief, Bran, son of Muireadhach, to return back, after numbers of their people had been slain. The plundering of Deisi by Cearbhall, son of Dunghal, and the Osraighi, and Corcran, son of Ceileachar, and Gorman, son of Lachtnan, were slain by them.
The Age of Christ, 869. The ninth year of Aedh. Ailill, bishop, Abbot of Fobhar ; Dubhthach, Abbot of Cill-achaidh, scribe, anchorite, and bishop ; Curoi, son of Alniadh, Abbot and wise man of Inis-Clothrannf, and Caille- Fochladha* in Meath, died. Colga, son of Maeltuile, Abbot and anchorite of Cluain-Conaire-Tomain ; Maenghal, the pilgrim, Abbot of Beannchair ; and Maelmidhe, son of Cumasgach, Prior of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Ailill, son of Dunlang, King of Leinster, was slain by the Norsemen. Cathal, son of Inn- reachtach, half king of Ulidia, was killed at the request of the king, Aedh. Flaitheamh, son of Faelchar, was drowned. Maelmhuaidh, lord of Airther- Life, died. The plundering of Connaught by Cearbhall and Dunchadh ; and Buachail, son of Dunadhach, was slain by them. The plundering also of Mun- ster, from Luachair westwards'1, by Cearbhall.
The Age of Christ, 870. The tenth year of Aedh Finnliath. Gnia, bishop, Abbot of Daimhliag, anchorite and scribe, [died]. Eighty-seven years was his age when he died. In lamentation of him was said :
Gnia, the sun of our fair race, head of the piety of the island of Emhir ; Well he celebrated the festival of St. Prainne, the successor of the
wise Cianan. For a long time the bright congregation, of which he was head, had
dignity without obscurity ; Alas ! for the great precious gem, our fair bright friend, Gnia.
mac Mureai, prince of Kildare, mortuus est." — meath. There was another Caille-Fochladha,
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49- near Killala, in the county of Mayo.
' Inis-Clothrann : i.e. Clothra's Island, now h From Luachair westwards : i. e. that part of
Inishcloghran in Loughree, opposite Knock- Munster, extending from the mountains of
croghery, in the county of Roscommon. — See Sliabh Luachra westwards to the sea, was plun-
note ', under A. D. 1193, p. 98, infra. dered by Cearball. .
s Caille-Fochladha Now Faghly, or Faghil- The year 869 of the Annals of the Four
town, in the barony of Fore, county of West- Masters corresponds with the year 870 of the
3u2
516 ciNNata Rio^hachca emeaNR [371.
TTlaolcuile eppcop, -| abb Uuilein, Loinspech, mac paoillein, abb Cille hdupaille, pfpoorhnach, abb Cluana mic Noip, -| Robapcach Ofpmai^e, pcpibnib roccaibe, Oecc. Cfnopaolab Ua TTluichciftepn, njjeapna Caipil, oecc ia|i mbeir i ccpeblaio cian pooa, -| ba habb Imlij lubai]i eipibe. TTlaol- puanaib, mac TTIaolcuapoa, ci^eapna Ua TTlic Uaip an phocla, 065. ttluj- pon, mnc TTlaelecocaib, lerpf Connachc, Oecc. Opgain pfp na rUpi TTIaije, 1 na cComann co Sliab 6la6ma DO cijeapnaib "fiall > pneachna pele bpijoe na bliaona po.
Qoip Cpiopr, ochc cceo pfchcmooha a haon. Ctn caonmab bliabam oecc oQob. Colman eppcop pcpibneoip -| abb nGonopoma, Oichuill, eppcop Cilli moip Gnip, Ounjal, macTTlaonaij, abb Inpi Camofja, TTIaolcuili Cluana humnpfnn, abb Lujmaib, -\ plaicbeapcach, mac TTluipcfpcaij, abb Dum Cailofnn, oecc. Scannldn Oorhnai^ pacrpaicc, pcpibnib Depppcaijre, Decc. Lfflobap, mac Comgpij, pi Utab, Decc mp noeijbfchaib. Uacmapdn, mac bpocdn, cijeapna Ua piachpach Qibne. Ounabach, mac Rajallaij, cijeapna Ceneoil Coipppe moip, i ba Dia ecc Do pdibeab,
Ounabach oinDopcaill dtn, jaip pfp nDoman conomaib 51 all, Caicrhil cpdibbeach clainne Cuino po cpoppaib cuill i nDpuim cbab.
Annals of Ulster, which note the events of that tuile, sacerdos. Abbot of Clonconaire, quievit.
year as follows : Maengal, the Pilgrim, Abbot of Benchuir,
"A. D. 870. Cahalan, mac Inrechtai, haulfe vitam senilem feliciter finivit. Maelmeath, mac
kinge of Ulster, is trecherously killed by" Cumascai, Secnap of Cluontnicnois, mortuus est."
[King] " Hugh his advice. Avlaiv and Ivar — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
came again to Dublin out of Scotland, and ' Ui-Mic- Uais of the North. — The exact situa-
brought with them great bootyes from English- tion of this tribe has not been yet determined,
men, Britons and Fights, in theire two hun- The Ui-Mic-Uais of Teffia were seated in and
dreth ships, with many of theire people captives" gave name to the present barony of Moygoish,
\et preda maxima hominum Anglo-rum, et Brito- in the north of the county of Westmeath.
num, deducta est secum ad Hiberniam in capti- k The Three Plains : i. e. the Plains of Magh-
vitatem]. "Expugnatio Duin Sovairche, quad Airbh, Magh-Sedna, and Magh-Tuathat, in the
antea non perfection est. Forreiners there with baronies of Crannagh and Galrnoy, in the county
Tyrowen. Ailill mac Dunlaing, king of Lein- of Kilkenny, and in that of Upper Ossory, in
ster, ab Nordmannis interfectus est. Ailill Epis- the Queen's County. Magh-Tuathat is at the
copus, Abbot of Favar, inChristodormivit. Curoi, foot of Sliabh Bladhma, or Slieve Bloom,
mac Ailnia, of Hand Clohrann, and of Fochla of ' The Comanns — Otherwise called nu cpi Co-
Meath, Abbas sapiens, et peritissimus Historiarmn mamn, i. e. the Three Comauns. They were
Scoticarum, inChristodormivit. Colga, mac Mael- three septs seated in the north of the present
871.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 517
Maeltuile, Bishop and Abbot of Tuilen ; Loingseach, son of Faeillen, Abbot of Cill-Ausaille ; Feardomhnach, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois ; and Robhartach of Dearmhach, a distinguished scribe, died. Ceannfaeladh Ua Muichthighern, lord of Caiseal, died, after long and protracted illness ; he had been Abbot of Imleach-Iubhair. Maelruanaidh, son of Maelcuarda, lord-of Ui-Mic-Uais of the North', died. " Mughron, son of Maelcothaidh, half king of Connaught, died. The plundering of the men of the Three Plainsk, and of the Comanns1 as far as Sliabh Bladhraa, by the lords of the foreigners, during the snow of Bridgetmas this year.
The Age of Christ, 871. The eleventh year of Aedh. Colman, bishop, scribe, and Abbot of Aendruim ; Dichuill, Bishop of Cill-mor-Inir ; Dunghal, son of Maenach, Abbot of Inis-Caindeagha ; Maeltuile of Cluain-Uinnseannm, Abbot of Lughmhadh ; and Flaithbheartach, son of Muircheartach, Abbot of Dun-Cailldennn, died. - Scannlan of Domhnach-Padraig, a celebrated scribe, died. Leathlobhar, son of Loingseach, King of Ulidia, died, after a good life. Uathmharan, son of Brocan, lord of Ui-Fiachrach-Aidhne, [died]. Dunadhach, son of Raghallach, lord of Cinel-Cairbre-Mor°, died. Of his death was said :
Dunadhach, a noble protection, a famous man by whom hostages were
held, A pious soldier of the race of Conn [lies interred] under hazel crosses
at Druim-cliabhp.
county of Kilkenny. — See them again referred ain, mortuus est. Loingsech, mac Faillen, prince
to under A. D. 931. This plundering of Ossory of Killausily, mortuus est. Rovartach of Durow,
is not noticed in the Annals of Ulster. Most of scriba optimus, mortuus est. Mugron, mac Maeile-
the other events given under 870 by the Four cohai, haulf king of Connaght, mortuus est." —
Masters are set down in the Annals of Ulster at Cod. Clarend., torn. 49-
871, as follows : ™ Cluain- Uinnseann: i. e. the Lawn or Meadow
"A. D. 871. Gnia, prince of Doimliag, An- of the Ash Trees. Not identified.
chorita, Episcopus, et Scriba optimus''' \_quievit}. " Dun- Cailldenn. — Otherwise written Dun-
Maelruana, mac Maelcurarda, dux Nepotum filio- Ceallain, now Dunkeld, in Scotland. — See note0,
rum Cuais-in-Fochla, mortuus est. Cennfaela, under A. D. 863, p. 500, suprd.
nepos Mochtigern, King of Cassil, extenso dolore ° Cinel-Cairbrq-Mor. — This tribe was seated
in pace quievit. Ferdovnach, prince of Cluon- ' in the barony of Granard, county of Longford,
micnois dormivit. Artga, King of Brittains of p Druim-cliabh — Now Drumcliff, in the ba-
Srahcluode, consilio Constantini, mic Cinaeh, oc- rony of Carbury, and county of Sligo — See
cisus est. Maeltuile, Epvscopus, prince of Tula- note under the year 1187.
518
[872.
plairbeaprach, mac Ouibpoip cijjeapna Copco TTloDpuaD Ninaip, Decc. Donncuan, mac plannacam, Do mapbaO la Conam^, mac plainn. InDpeao Connacc la OonncaD, mac OuibDaboipfiin la pi£ Caipil, -| la Ceapball co nOppaijib. Inopeo TTluman la ^allaib Qca cliar. lomap, pi Noprmann Gpeann -| bpfcan, Do ecc.
Goip Cpiofc, ochc cceo peachcmoDa a Do. Qn Dapa bliaDain Decc oQoD. Gooh, mac pian^upa, abb Poppa Comain, eppcop, pcpibniO coccai&e, Uoppaib, abb Uamlachca, eppcop,-] pcpibmD,-] paeljjup, eppucc Gpoachaib, 065. Qinbceallac, mac ponapcai j, abb Cluana hGDneach, Decc. TTlaol- mop&a, mac OiapmaDa, eppcop -| ycpibnioh, Decc. Ceall mop TTlai je Gmip Dopgain DO ^hallaib. Lopcan, mac Ceallai j, Decc. InDpeaD na nOeipi la Ceapball 50 bealach nSocaille. perh^na, .1. Neacram, comapba POC- cpaicc, cfno cpdbaiD Gpeann uile, Decc. SloijeaD la hQo6 ppinoliac 50 Laijnib, co po inoip in cpioch 50 leip.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peachrmoDa a rpf. Qn cpeap bliabain Decc DQoD. Robapcach, mac Ua Ceapcca, .1. o ca imp Robapcai^h, eppcop
q Corca-Modhrudh-Ninais. — This was the an- cient name of a territory comprising the baro- nies of Corcomroe and Burren, in the county of Clare, and the three islands of Aran, in the Bay of Galway.
The year 87 1 of the Annals of the Four Mas- ters corresponds with 872 of the Annals of Ulster, which notice the events of that year as follows :
" A. D. 872. Flaihvertach, mac Duvrois, King of Corcamrua, Juvenis" [recte, Ninais] ; "Uah- maran, mac Brogan, rex Nepotum Fiachrach Aigne ; Dunaach, mac Ragallai, rex Generis Cairbre-mor defuncti. Lehlovar, mac Loingsi, King of the North, died in his old age. Ivar, rex Nordmannorum toti-us Hibernie et Britannic vitam Jinivit. Dungal, mac Maenai, prince of Inis-Kyn^Deai, in pace quievit. Donncuan, mac Flanagan, by Conaing, mac Flainn, is treache- rously killed. The faire of Tailten cen aigf [i. e. without celebration] " sine causa justa et digna, quod non audivimus ab antiquis temporibus
cecidisse" [accidisse ?]. •" Colman, Episcopus et scriba, ^46JosNoendroma ; and Flaivertagh, mac Murtagh, prince of Dun-Caillin, mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
' Cill-mor-Maighe-Emhir — This is also writ- ten Cill-mor-Maighe-Inir, and Cill-mor-Enir, and Cill-mor Maighe Enir. It was the ancient name of the church of Kilmore, situated about three miles to the east of Armagh — See note y, under A. D. 745, p. 348, supra. See also the years 765 and 807, pp. 368, 418.
8 Bealach-Eochaille : i. e. the Road of Eochaill, now Youghal. This was an ancient road ex- tending from Lismore to Youghal, close to the western boundary of the country of Deisi. — See it again referred to at the year 1 123.
* Fethgna — According to the Catalogue of the Archbishops of Armagh given in the Psalter of Cashel, he was successor of Patrick, or Primate of Ireland for twenty-two years. He succeeded Diarmaid O'Tighearnaigh in 852, and the true year of his death was 874 — See Harris's edition
872.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 519
Flaithbheartach, son of Duibhrpip, lord of Corca-Modhruadh-Ninais", died. Donncuan, son of Flannagan, was slain by Conang, son of Flann. The plun- dering of Connaught by Donnchadh, son of Dubhdabhoireann, King of Caiseal, and by Cearbhall and the Osraighi. The plundering of Munster by the foreigners of Ath-cliath. Imhar, King of the Norsemen of Ireland and Britain, died.
The Age of Christ, 872. The twelfth year of Aedh. Aedh, son of Fian- ghus, Abbot of Ros-Comain, bishop and distinguished scribe ; Torpaidh, Abbot of Tamhlacht, bishop and scribe ; and Faelghus, Bishop of Ard-achaidh, died. Ainbhcheallach, son of Fonascach, Abbot of Cluain-eidhneach, died. Mael- mordha, son of Diarmaid, bishop and scribe, died. Cill-mor-Maighe-Emhirr was plundered by the foreigners. Maelmordha, son of Diarmaid, bishop and scribe, died. Lorcan, son of Ceallach, died. The plundering of the Deisi by Cear- bhall, as far as Bealach-Eochaille8. Fethgna1, i. e. the son of Neachtain, successor of Patrick, head of the piety of all Ireland, died. An army was led by Aedh Finnliath into Leinster, so that he plundered the entire country.
The Age of Christ, 873. The thirteenth year of Aedh. Robhartach Mac- Ua-Cearta, i.e. he from whom Inis-Robhartaighu [was named], Bishop of Cill
of Ware's Bishops, pp. 45, 46. Not identified. The Annals of the Four Mas-
The year 872 of the Annals of the Four ters are two years, and the Annals of Ulster
Masters corresponds with 873 of the Annals of one year antedated at this period. The events
Ulster, but the true year is 874. The Annals transcribed by the Four Masters under the year
of Ulster notice the events of their 873, as 873 are noticed in the Annals of Ulster under
follows : 874, as follows :
" A. D. 873. Hugh, mac Fiangusa, prince of " A. D. 874. Maenghal, chief" [recte, Tanist-
Roscomain, Episcopus et scriba optimus ; Mael- abbot] " of Clonmicnois ; Rovartach, mac Na-
mora, mac Diarmada, Episcopus elscriba; Torba, cerda, Bushop of Kildare, an excellent writer,
prince of Tavlachta, Episcopus et scriba optimus, and prince of Killacha ; and Lachtnan, mac
in Christo dormierunt. Fachtna, Episcopus, heres Mochtiern, bushop of Kildare, and prince of
Patricii, caput religionis totius Hibernie, in Prid. Fernan, died all. Muireach, mac Brain, with
Non, Octobris in pace guievit. An army by his troups of Leinstermen, wasted untill" [i. e.
Hugh, mac Neill, into Leinster, and" [they] as far as] " Mount Monduirn, and returned to
" forcibly dishonoured Killausili, and 'other his own country againe before evening. The
church-townes, and oratories, which they burnt, cominge of the Fights upon the Blacke Galls,
Killmor of Magh-Inir praied by the forreiners." where great slaughter of the Fights was had"
— Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. \_Congressio Pictorum for Dubgallu, et strages
" Inis-Robhartaigh : i. e. Robhartach's Island, rnagna Pictorum facta esf]. " Ostin, mac Aulaiv,
520 awwata Rio^hachca eiReaww. [874.
Cille Dapa, pcpibmb, -\ abb Cille achaib, Cachcndn, mac TTluicri^fpn, eppcop Cille Dapa, -| abb peapna, beanoachra, eppcop Lupcan, pechcnach, abb ^linne oa locha, TTlacoige, abb Carhlacca, i TTlaon^al, ppioip Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Tnaclenoai, mic Uomam Don TTlumain, pcpibnio ~| fgnaib, i Niall 6pan, abb pfoha ouin, oecc.
Goip Cpiopc, ochr cceo peaccmoba a cfraip. Cfn cfcpamab blia&ain oecc oGob. Domnall, eppcop Copcaije, pcpibmD epjjna ef i6e, TTlaolbpijDe, epy'cop Sldme, Oiapmair, mac Coipppe, abb ^linne hUippfn, Cionaob, abb Ctchaib bo Cainmjjh, oecc, ap Do DO paibfo,
ITlop liac Cionaeb gpaca mino mac Copjpai^ co ppCchaib' pnau, In bpeo buaoa, baile bapo, comapbba CfpD achaib bo.
peoach .1. mac Sepni, abb Oippr Diapmaoa, 6ojan -] Ulaolcuile Ua Guana Da abbaiD Cluana mic Noip, Deg. Conjalach, mac pinnachca, cijeapna na nOipjiall, -\ Carol, mac Ceapnaij, njeapna pfp cCul, oecc. Coipppe, mac Oiapmaoa, ci^eapna Ua cCeinnpealai^, Do mapbab la a bpdicpib peippin. Oonnchab, mac Qebaccdin, mic Concobaip, Do mapbab Id plann, mac fflaoilpeacnaill. Socapcacb, cijeapna Ua Copbmaic, Decc. Reachcabpa, mac bpain phino, cijeapna na nOeipi Decc. Ounjal, mac Paoldn, canaipi Ua cCemripelaij, 065. Donnchab, mac TTlaoileachloinn, DO juin la hGlib. plaichpi, mac TTlaoileDuin, cijeapna Rdcha Uamnaije, Decc. Ruaibpi, mac TTlopmino, pf bpfran, Do rochc i nGpinn, Do reichfb pia nOub jallaib. Cac pop Coc Cuan, eicip phinnjemcib ~\ Duibgeincib, in po mapbab QlbanD, roipeac na nOuibgemre.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceo peachcmoba a ctnj. Qn cuijeab bliabam Decc DQob. TTlaolparcpaicc, mac Ceallaijj, abb Ulainipcpeac buire, Decc.
King of Nordmanns, per Albanos per dolum town in the district of Clandonough, barony of
occisus est. Maccoige, prince of Tavlacht, and Upper Ossory, and Queen's County. The most
Benacht, Episcopus of Lusca, in pace dornivit. of the events transcribed by the Four Masters,
Fechtnach, abbot of Glindaloch, obiit." under A. D. 874, are given in the Annals of
* The Eili — This tribe inhabited the present Ulster under the years 875, 876, as follows : baronies of Elyogarty and Ikerrin, in the county "A. D. 875" [recte, 876]. "Constantin, mac of Tipperary, and those of Clonlisk and Bally- Cinaeh, rexPictorum ; Cinaeh, abbot of Achabo- britt, in the King's County. Cainni ; Congalach, mac Finechta, King of Oir-
* Ralh-Tamhnaigh — NowEathdowney, a small gialla, and Feach, prince of Disirt-Dermada,
874.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 521
dara, scribe, and Abbot of Cill-achaidh ; Lachtrian, son of Moichtighearn, Bishop of Cill-dara and Abbot of Fearna ; Beannachta, Bishop of Lusca ; Fechtnach, Abbot of Gleann-da-locha ; Macoige, Abbot of Tamhlacht ; and Maenghal, Prior of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Maclendai, son of Toman of Munster, scribe and wise man ; and Niallbran, Abbot of Fidh-duin, died.
The Age of Christ, 874. The fourteenth year of Aedh. Domhnall, Bishop of Corcach, who was a learned scribe ; Maelbrighde, Bishop of Slaine ; Diar- maid, Abbot of Gleann-Uissean ; Cinaedh, Abbot of Achadh-bo-Cainnigh, died. Of him was said :
Great grief is Cinaedh the revered chieftain, son of Cosgrach of
beaming countenance, The gifted torch, enraptured Bard, the exalted Abbot of
Achadh-bo.
Fedach, i. e. the son of Seghini, Abbot of Disert-Diarmada ; Eoghan and Maeltuile Ua Cuana, two abbots of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Conghalach, son of Finnachta, lord of Oirghialla ; and Cathal, son of Cearnach, lord of Feara-Cul, died. Cairbre, son of Diarmaid, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, was slain by his own brethren. Donnchadh, son of Aedhagan, son of Conchobhar, was slain by Flann, son of Sechnall. Socartach, lord of Ui-Cormaic, died. Reachtabhra, son of Bran Finn, lord of the Deisi, died. Dunghal, son of Faelan, Tanist of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died. Donnchadh, son of Maelseachlainn, was mortally wounded by the Eiliw. Flaithri, son of Maelduin, lord of Rath-Tamhnaigh*, died. Ruaidhri, son of Mormind, King of Britain, came to Ireland, to shun the Dubhghoill. A battle on Loch Cuan, between the Finngheinte and the Duibh- gheinte, in which Alband, chief of the Duibhgheinte, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 875. The fifteenth year of Aedh. Maelpadraig, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Mainistir-Buithe, died. Ceallach, wise man of Tir-da-
mortuus est. Cairbre, mac Diarmada, rex Nepo- sunt. Donogh, mac Aeagan, mic Connor, killed
turn Cinsela, killed by his owne kinsmen. The treacherously by Maeilsechlainn. Roary, mac
faire of Tailten cen aige" [without celebration], Murmin, King of Britons, came into Ireland
"sine causa justa et digna. Domnall, Bushop of for refuge from Blacke Gentyles. Maelbride,
Corke, and an excellent scribe, subita morte Bushop of Slane, in pace quievit. Battle between
periit." the White and Blacke Gentiles at Lochcuan,
" A. D. 876. Eogan and Maeltuile, nepos where fell Alban, captin of the Blacke Gentiles.
Cuanach, duo Ablates of Cluonmicnois, mortui Socarhach, mac Brain, dux Nepotum-Cormaic,
3x
522 QNNata rcioshachca emeawN. [876.
Ceallac, fjnaib Ope Dot jlaip, [oecc]. Cumapcac, mac TTliiipfbaicc, cij- eapna Ua Cpemcainn, Do mapbab la hUlcaib. 5aT^1^ TTiac TTlaoilbpijoe, cigfpna Conaille DO bicfnoab la hUib Gacac. ^aec mop, ceincfch,-) coip- nech i nGpinn an bliabampi, -] po peapab ppopa pola lapam, jup bo poppeil paipce cpo i pola popp na maijib cianaccaib oc Duma in Oeapa. Scpfn Colaim Cille, -\ a rhionna apcfna Do cioccain a nGpinn pop cecheab pia n^allaib- Innpeab Ua cCeinnpealaij; la CinoeiDij, mac 5aeicnin> cijeapna taoijip, i po mapbab pochaibe laip.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peachcmojac ape. Ciccfpnac, mac TnuipfDaij, eppcop i abbOpoma mepclainn, Decc. peipjil, mac Compuib, abbaio Oom- naij Sechnaill, DO mapbaD i nouineraioe. Oungal, abb Leirglinne,-) 17obap- cach, abb Ruipp Cpe, Decc. ITlaolcoba, mac Cpunnrhaoil, abb Qpoa TTlaca, Do epjabail DO 5na^a'° tocaCuan, ~| an pepleijpnn .1. ITlocca. becan, mac J5apkain, ppioip Cille hacaiD, Cton^ap, mac CionaoDa, cijfpna pfp nQpoa,-| TTlaelcaepe, njeapna O cCpemcamn, 065. Ualjapcc, mac plair- bfpcaij, pijDamna an cuaipceipc, •) pfnpneacca, mac TTIaebcopcpa, ci^eapna Luijne, Decc. TTlaiDm pop Laijnib a nUaccap Dapa, i ccopcaip bolccoDhap mac TTlaoilceip. Qp Laijfn Ofpgabaip, oc pulaccaib, pia nOppaijib, i ccopcaip Ounocc, mac Qnmchaba, -) Oubcoipcpij, mac ITIaoilouin, amaille pe Da ceo pfp eioip gum -| bdbaD. Tllaibm pia cCfpball, mac nOunjaile, -| piap na Oeipib, pop pipu TTluman, ac InDeoin, i copcaip planoabpae, cijeapna pocaibe oile amaille ppip. InDpfb fflibe 6 pfpaib Uluman co Coch
viz., Anmire instead of Maelcova. Cahalan, Maelbride, King of Tirconell" [recte, Conaille-
King of the Men of Cul, mortuus est." Muirtheimhne], " beheaded by the Ivehaches.
y Dumha-an-Deasa : i.e. the Mound of Deasa. Cumascach, mac Muireach, King of Kindred-
This was otherwise written Dumha Deasa, and Crivhain, killed by Ulstermen. Maelpatricke,
was the name of a mound or tumulus near mac Cellaigh, prince of Monaster-Buty, subita
Knockgraffon, in the county of Tipperary — See morte periit. Ventus magnus et fulgor; a shower
Leabhar-na-gCeart, p. 88, note '. of bloud came downe soe as it was in great
The year 875 of the Annals of the Four lumps swyming. The faire of Tail ten sine causa
Masters corresponds with 877 of the Annals of justa cen aige" [i. e. without celebration],
Ulster, which notice the events of that year as " Edipsis Lunce Idibus Octobris, iv. luna. The
follows : Shrine of Colum Cille, and his oathes or re-
" A. D. 877. Koary, son of Murninn, king of liques, brought into Ireland for refuge from
Britons, killed by Saxons. Hugh mac Cinaeh, Gentyles." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
rex Pictorum, a sociis suis occism est. Gairfi, mac ' Murderously : i nounacuioe. The term
876.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 523
ghlas, [died]. Cumascach, son of Muireadhach, lord of the Ui-Cremhthainn, was slain by the Ulidians. Gairbhith, son of Maeilbrighde, lord of Conaille, was beheaded by the Ui-Eathach. Great wind, lightning, and thunder, in Ire- land this year ; and showers of blood were afterwards shed, so that lumps of gore and blood were visible on the extensive plains at Dumha-an-Deasay. The shrine of Colum-Cille, and his relics in general, were brought to Ireland, to avoid the foreigners. The plundering of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh by Cinneidigh, son of Gaeithin, lord of Laeighis ; and numbers were slain by him.
The Age of Christ, 876. Tighearnach, son of Muireadhach, Bishop and Abbot of Druim-Inesclainn, died. Feirghil, son of Comhsudh, Abbot of Domh- nach-Sechnaill, was murderously2 killed. Dunghal, Abbot of Leithghlinn, and Robhartach, Abbot of Ros-Cre, died. Maelcobha, son of Crunnmhael, Abbot of Ard-Macha, was taken prisoner by the foreigners of Loch-Cuan, as was also the Lector, i. e. Mochta. Becan, son of Garbhan, Prior of Cill-achaidh ; Aen- ghus, son of Cinaedh, lord of Feara-Ardaa; and Maelcaere, lord of Ui-Crem- thainn, died. Ualgharg, son of Flaithbheartaigh, heir-apparent of the North ; and Finsneachta, son of Maelcorcra,lord of Luighne, died. A defeat was given to the Leinstermen at Uachtar-darab, where Bolgodhar, son of Maelceir, was killed. A slaughter was made of the South Leinstermen at Fulachta0, by the Osraighi, wherein Dunog, son of Anmchadh, and Dubhthoirthrigh, son of Maelduin, were slain, together with two hundred men, [who were cut off] by slaying and drowning. A victory was gained by Cearbhall, son of Dunghal, and by the Deisi, over the men of Munster, at Inneoind, where fell Flannabhra, lord of Gabhra6, and many others along with him. The plundering of Meath, as far as Loch Ainninnf,
Dunathaide signifies to kill a man by treachery " Fulachta : i. e. the Cooking Places. Not
and conceal his body. — See note h, under A. D. identified.
1349, p. 595, infra. This entry is given in the d Inneoin. — Now Mullach-Inneona, nearClon-
Annals of Ulster under the year 878 ; but the mel, in the south of the county of Tipperary. —
old translator takes Dunathaide to be the name See note q, under A. D. 852, p. 487,' supra.
of a place, which is decidedly incorrect. ' OfGabhra : i.e. of Ui-Conaill-Gabhra, now
*Feara-Arda: i.e. Feara-Arda-Cianachta,now the baronies of Upper and Lower Connello, in
the barony of Ferrard, in the county of Louth. the county of Limerick.
b Uachtar-dara — This is probably the same ' Loch-Ainninn — Now Lough Ennell, near
place now called Outrath, and situated in the Mullingar, in the county of Westmeath. — See
barony of Shillelogher, and county of Kilkenny, note f, under A. M. 2859, supra ; and note ",
— See note ', under that year, p. 476, supra. under A. D. 1446, p. 949, infra.
3x2
.524 QNNaca Riofthachca eiReaNN. [876.
nQmoinD. lap mbeic pe bliabna oecc hi pije nGpeann oQob phinnliac, mac Neill Caille, puaip bap i nOpuim Inepclainn i ccpich Conaille, an 20 la Do Nouembep, conab Dia Deimniuccab a oubaipc Pochaoh,
Cuicc bliabna ap pece noecib, Dech cceo ip cuicc mfle, O Qbam, me jaela, co hecc nQeba ac pirhi. Seccmoja ap occ cceoaib, la ye bliabnaib aipib, O jein Cpfopc jan aepa, co bap Qeoha ndilfj. Q Do 065 calamn ceolac Oecembep Diana comfn In epbailc arhpa aipib CtoD Qibj aipopij 5ao'Dea^
plannaccan, mac Ceallaij, po pdiD ino po,
Qp poDa an jam-aDaij, ppi gleppa jafche japba,
PO bpon bpij Do mumebaip, nao maip pi plfj ofpj pabba.
Qp aDbal ppia himmaipe, conna cum co njpinne,
pichibfp bi6 pamlain, cac Dpong impaicec inoi.
pfp pial poppaiD popnaiDe, Diam bu Ian Ufrhaip cipeac,
Sciac ppi homna i nepnaiDe oiofn bpoja mac TTlileaD.
^paipnib Uailcfh celjlaine, pi Uearhpac cpfp co cfcaib,
Ruipe poola peb&aibe, ba moo CtoD Oilij egaib.
Qp Dalac, m Deapmaccac Deipje an bfca buibe,
Qp clocoa, nf coinDfpcel, cpiDe miaDac mac Duine.
Ni moo beicfp mincuile, plaici pil a&aini occa.
heu cfn ainme impabaD pop inD polcleabap poca.
? Aedh Finrdiath. — The real year of this mo- ghaile, now O'Donnelly, or Donnelly. — See the
narch's death was 879 : " Aldus Finnliathus Appendix, p. 2427.
Nielli Calnei regis filius R. H. annos sexdecim ; The year 876 of the Annals of the Four
1 2 Kalendas Decembris feria sexta defunctus ; Masters corresponds with 878 of the Annals of
ut habet Tigernach, seu Chronicon Scotorum, Ulster, which notice the events of that year
quod annum 879 confirmat." This monarch (serse. com. 879), as follows :
had at legist two sons, namely, Niall Glundubh, " A. D. 878. Hugh Finnliah, mac Nell Caille,
Monarch of Ireland, and ancestor of the family King of Tarach, tn xii. Kal. Decembris, at Drum-
of O'Neill of Ulster; 2, Domhnall, King of Inisclainn in Cricli-Conaille, died." [Flann,
Aileach, who, according to Peregrine O'Clery's mac Maelsechnaill, regnare incipit]. " Tiernach,
genealogical work, is ancestor of the Ui-Eathach mac Muireai, bushop, cheif of Drum- Inisclainn,
Droma-Lighean, who, after the establishment extenso dolore pcmsavit. Fergal, mac Cumsai,
of hereditary surnames, took that of O'Donn- Abbot of Dovnach-Sechlainn, killed at Dune-
876.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 525
by the Munstermen. After Aedh Finnliathg, the son of Niall Caille, had been sixteen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he died at Druim-Inesclainn, in the territory of Conaille, on the 20th day of November ; to record which, Fothadh said :
Five years above seven times ten, ten hundred and five thousand, From Adam, no falsehood, to the death of Aedh, are counted. Seventy above eight hundred, with six years, are reckoned, From the birth of Christ without blemish, to the death of Aedh of
Aileach. On the twelfth of the musical Calends of December of fierce
tempests,
Died the illustrious chieftain, Aedh of Aileach, monarch of the Gaeidhil.
Flannagan, son of Ceallach, said this :
Long is the wintry night, with rough gusts of wind,
Under pressing grief we encounter it, since the red-speared king of the noble house liveth not.
It is awful to watch how the waves heave from the bottom ;
To them may be compared all those who with us lament him.
A generous, wise, staid man, of whose renown the populous Teamhair was full,
A shielded oak that sheltered the palace of Milidh's sons.
Master of the games of the fair-hilled Tailtin, King of Teamhair of an hundred conflicts,
Chief of Fodhla the noble, Aedh of Oileach who died too soon.
Popular, not forgotten, the departure from this world ;
Stony, not merciful, is the heart of the son of man ;
No greater than small flies are the kings of Adam's race with him,
A yew without any charge of blemish upon him was he of the long- flowing hair.
dathf \_rectk, by secret murder]. " Aengus, taken by the Gentyles. Great fleaing of cattle"
mac Cinaeha, Capten of the men of Ardcia- [recte, great famine among cattle] " in the Lent,
nacht, mortuus est. Maelcova, mac Crunvaeil, Great flood in harvest. Maelcaire, Capten of
cheife of Ardmach, and Mochta, the Lector, the O'Crivhains, occisus est. Uolgarg, mac Fla-
526 QNMa^a Rio^hachca eirceaNN. [877.
Ginmipe, abb Ctpoa TTlacha ppi pe naoi mi op, DO ecc, -| po baf cpioca bliat>am na y^ajapc piap an can pin.
Goip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peachcmo^ae a peace. Qn ceo bliaoain DO plann cSionna mac niaoilechlamn, op Gpinn hi pi'ghe. pfpabach, mac Copbmaic, abb lae, Ouiblicip, abb Cluana heoaip -| d£e Gipinodn, TTluip- eaoach, mac Copbmaic, abb 6 Gancpaib, Domnall,mac ITluipijein, pf Lai jean, pep£il, abb Cluana moip ITloeDocc, plannaccdn, mac paoldin, piojhbamna Ua Ceinnpealai£, DO ecc. maolciapam, mac Conaing, cijeapna Ceacba, Deg hi cclepcecc, lap noeigbeachaib. TTlaolnmchiDh, mac Oinbinopeccaij, DO rhapbaoh la hGiprfpaib'. Cainoealban, mac Riagdin, pfojDarhna Lai^fn, 065. plann, mac TTlaoileclainn, DO recr hi ccpfch Lai jfn, co puce a ngialla. Inopeab TTluman 6 cd bopaime co Copcaij la plann, mac TTlaoilechlainn.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peachcmojac a hochc. Qn oapa bliabam DO plann cSionna. Cpunmaol Cluana caoin, eppucc -| angcoipe, Suibne Ua pfn- nacca, eppcop Chille Dapa, Ruibjel, eppcop -\ abb Imleca lobaip, Qo&acdn an Oilein, pfpcaip, abb bfnncaip, TllapcanUa Roichlij, abb Cip moip, Neap- pan, mac Ceallaij, abb Cluana pfpca TTlolua, Qonjup, mac TTlaelcaulapDa, corhapba eppcoip Gojain Qpoa ppaca, ~\ Qonacdn, mac RuaDpac, abbaiD Luppcca, Decc. TTlaolpabaill, mac Comjpij, cijeapna Chaippje bpachni je, plaicrrhain, mac Ceallaij, ci jeapna Ua mbpiuin Cualann, TTlaolpincill, mac TTiu5p6in, cijeapna Ua ppailje, 065. Depfec Cianain Dapgain ~\ DO cporab DO ^alla'^il pocaiDe mop DO Daoimb DO b'peich ap a mbpoio. bapich, copaib anDgaiD Do Nopcmannaibh, ba coipeac Do luce na hm^peama pin, Do mapb'aD lapam, i DO lopccaD i nQc cliac, cpe miopbuilibh Oe -| naoimh Chianain. Oonojal, mac THailecdin, plaic Ua Conanola, •) Cfpball, mac Concoipne,
vertai, heire apparent of the North, mortuus est. Corkaree and county of Westmeath, and about
Fiuachta, mac Maelcorcra, king of Luigne- five miles and a half to the north-east of Mul-
Connaght, mortuus est. Ainmire, prince of nyne lingar.
moneths in Ardmacha, mortuus est. Dungal, ' Eantrdbh : i. e. Antrim, the chief town of
prince of Lehglin, mortmis est." — Cod. Clarend., the county of Antrim.
torn. 49. k Airtheara : i. e. the inhabitants of the baro-
h Tigh-Airindan: i. e. the House of Airindan, nies of Orior, in the east of the county of
or Farannan. This place is so called at the pre- Armagh.
sent day, and anglicised sometimes Tifarnan, ' From JBoraimhe to Corcacft : i. e. from Beal-
but more usually Tyfarnham. It is the name Boroimhe, a large fort close to the west bank of
of a townland and parish in the barony of the Eiver Shannon, near Killaloe, in the county
877-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 527
Ainmire, Abbot of Ard-Macha for the space of nine months, died ; and he had been thirty years a priest before that time.
The Age of Christ, 877. The first year of Flann Sinna, the son of Mael- sechlainn, in sovereignty over Ireland. Fearadhach, son of Cormac, Abbot of la; Duibhlitir, Abbot of Cluain-Eois and Tigh-Airindanh; Muireadhach, son of Cormac, Abbot of Eantrobh'; Domhnall, son of Muirigen, King of Leinster ; Ferghil, Abbot of Cluain-mor-Maedhog ; Flannagan, son of Faelan, heir appa- rent of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died. Maelciarain, son of Conang, lord of Teathbha, died in religion, after a good life. Maelmithidh, son of Duibhinnrechtach, was killed by the Airthearak. Caindealbhan, son of Riogan, heir apparent of Lein- ster, died. Flann, son of Maeleachlainn, came into the province of Leinster, and took their hostages. Munster was plundered, from Boraimhe to Corcach1, by Flann, son of Maelseachlainn.
The Age of Christ, 878. The second year of Flann Sinna. Crunmhael of Cluain-caein, bishop and anchorite ; Suibhne Ua Finnachta, Bishop of Cill-dara ; Ruidhghel, Bishop and Abbot of Imleach-Ibhair ; Aedhagan of the Island ; Fearchair, Abbot of Beannchair ; Martin Ua Roichligh, Abbot of Lis-mor ; Neassan, son of Ceallach, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Molua ; Aenghus, son of Mael- caularda, successor of Bishop Eoghan of Ard-srath ; Aenacan, son of Ruadh- rach, Abbot of Lusca, died. Maelfabhaill, son of Loingseach, lord of Carraig- Brachaighe ; Flaitheamhain, son of Ceallach, lord of Ui-Briuin-Cualann ; Mael- sinchill, son of Mughron, lord of Ui-Failghe ; died. The oratory of Cianan was plundered and destroyed by the foreigners ; and a great number of persons were carried off from thence into captivity. Barith, a fierce champion of the Norsemen, who was the chief of these persecutors, was afterwards slain and burned at Ath-cliath, through the miracles of God and St. Cianan. Donnghal, son of Maelacan, chief of Ui-Conannlam; and Cearbhall, son of Cucoirne, heir
of Clare, to the city of Cork. liter, prince of Cluon-Auis, and Te-arinain,
The year 877 of the Annals of the Four mortmis est. Muregan, mac Cormaic, prince of
Masters corresponds with the year 879 of the Sentraiv," [Santry] "mortuus est. Maelmihi,
Annals of Ulster, which give the events of that mac Duvinrecht, killed." — Cod. Clarend., torn,
year briefly as follows : 49.
"A. D. 879- Feraach, mac Cormaic, Abbot m Ui-Conannla — The situation of the terri-
of Aei, rnortuus est. Maelciarain, mac Conaing, tory of this tribe, which is mentioned again
king of Tehvai, in clericatu mortuus est. Duv- under the year 915, is unknown to the Editor.
528
emeaNN.
[879.
piojDamna Caipil, 065. Gobajjdn, mac Oelb'aoic, 065. Unaral, mac piach- pach, cijfpnaUochaip rhoip, piono,macDiiibpldine, cijeapnalla ppibjeince, DO ecc.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo peachcmogac a naoi. Qn rpeap blia&am Do phlann. TTluipcfpcach, mac Neill, abb OaipeChalgaij -| ceall naile, 065. Scannldn, abb Oum Cfc^laipi, Do ecc. Caral, mac Copbmaic, ab ~\ eppcop Cliiana Oolcdin, Copbmac, mac Ciapdin, abb Cuama Da jualann, -\ ppioip Cluana pfpra bpenainn, Ouib'inpi, ab Inpi Caomofja, Qebdn, abb Cluana lopaipo, plann, mac Ouibodcpioch, ejnaib Ufpe Da jlaip, Decc. Paoinfuh pia Conaille TTluipreimne .1. ma njeapna ^'tleacam, pop Ulcaib, i ccopcaip Qinbir, mac Qeba, pf UlaD, •) Conalldn, mac TTIaeleDuin, cigfprta Coba, -| apoile paopclanna immaille ppiu. Concubap, mac UaiDg (i ap epin Ua6g mop mac TTluipjfpa) pf ceopa Connachc, Oecc, lap nDeijbfchaib. Sluaiccfb lap an pij plann, mac TTlaoileachlainn, co n^aoiDealaib 1 50 n^allaib ipin pocla co nDeipibeaoap i TTiuij eicip DI ^laip, 50 po hinopeaD la Dpuinj Do na plojaib QpD TTlaca, -] po 500 jialla Conaill, •) Gojam Don cupup pin. Lopcdn, macCop^paij, njeapna Ua Nialldin, -\ Donnagdn, mac pocapcaij, njeapna pfpnmaije, DO comruiom ppia poile. InDpeaD TTluman Id plann, mac TTIaoilfclainn, -\ a mbpaijoe Do bpeir laip. Qilill, mac pmoceallaij, plair Ua Upena hi ccpic Ua cCeinnpealai j, DO ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochr cceo ochcmoba. Qn cfcpamaD bliabam Do phtann. ITlaolpuain, eppcop Lnpca, pepjil, abb pfpna, Qonjap, mac ITlaoileDuin,
n Tochar-mor: i. e. the Great Causeway. This, which was otherwise called Tochar-Inbhir-moir, is situated near Arklow, in the south-east of the county of Wicklow — See notes k and ', under A. M. 3501, p. 26, supra. Fiachra, the father of the Tuathal whose death is above recorded, was the progenitor of the family of O'Fiachra, the head of which was chief of the territory of Ui-Eineachlais-Cualann, which is included in the present barony of Arklow.
The year 878 of the Annals of the Four Masters corresponds with 880 of the Annals of Ulster, which notice the events of that year as follows :
" A. D. 88.0. Ferchair, Abbot of Benchar, mortuus est. Crunninael of Clonkine, bushop and Anchorite, mortuus est. The mansion Ora- tory of Kynan spoyled by Gentiles, carieng many captives from thence ; and afterwards Barreth, the great Tyrant of the Nordmans, was killed by Kynan. Maelsinchill, mac Mugroin, king of Oi'aly, died. Aengus, mac Maelcararda, prince of Ardsraha ; Aenagan, mac Kuarach, prince of Luscan ; and Flaihevan, mac Cellai, King of the O'Briuins of Cualann, moriuntur. Suivne, Episcopus of Kildare, quievit. Euigel, a bushop, Abbot of Imlech-Ivair, quievit. Mael- favaill, mac Loingsi, king of Cairig-Brachai,
879-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 529
apparent of Caiseal, died. Aedhagan, son of Dealbhaeth, died. Tuathal, son of Fiachra, lord of Tochar-morn; [and] Finn, son of Dubhslaine, lord of Ui-Fidh- geinte, died
The Age of Christ, 879. The third year of Flann. Mnircheartach, son of Niall, Abbot of Doire-Chalgaigh and other churches, died. Scannlan, Abbot of Dun-Leathghlaise, died. Cathal, son of Cormac, Abbot and Bishop of Cluain-Dolcain ; Cormac, son of Ciaran, Abbot of Tuaim-da-ghualann and Prior of Cluain fearta-Brenainn ; Duibhinsi, Abbot of Inis-Caeindeagha; Aedhan, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird ; Flann, son of Dubhdachrich, wise man of Tir-da-ghlas, died. A battle was gained by the Conaille-Muirtheimhne, with their lord Gibhleachan, over the Ulidians, wherein fell Ainbhith, son of Aedh, King of Ulidia ; and Conallan, son of Maelduin, lord of Cobha ; and other nobles along with them. Conch obhar, son of Tadhg (and this was Tadhg Mor, son of Muir- gheas), King of the three divisions of Connaught, died, after a good life. A hosting was made by the king, Flann, son of Maelseachlainn, with the Irish and foreigners, into the North ; and they halted at Magh-eitir-di-glais°, so that Ard-Macha was plundered by some of the troops ; and he took the hostages of the Cinel-Conaill and Cinel-Eoghain on that expedition. Lorcan, son of Cos- crach, lord of the Ui-Niallan, and Donnagan, son of Fogartach, lord of Fearn- mhagh, mutually fell by each other. Munster was plundered by Flann, son of Maelseachlainn, and their hostages were carried oif by him. Ailill, son of Finn- cheallach, chief of Ui-Trenap, in the territory of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh, died.
The Age of Christ, 880. The fourth year of Flann. Maelruain, Bishop of Lusca ; Ferghil, Abbot of Fearna ; Aenghus, son of Maelduin, heir apparent
mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. sechlainn, with his English" [rectt, Danes]
0 Magh-eitir-di-glais : i.e. the Plain between "and Irish, into the North" [ipan Pochla],
the two Streamlets. Not identified, unless it "until he came to Magh betweene the two
be Moy, at Charlemont — See it again referred rivers, from whence he spoyled Ardmach. Mur-
to at the year 950. tagh, mac Nell, Abbot of Daire-Calcai, mortuus
e Ui-Trena. — The situation of this tribe has est. A rising out between Lorcan, mac Coscrai,
not been yet determined. King of the O'Niallains, and Donnagan, mac
The year 879 of the Annals of the Four Fogartai, King of Fernmai. Battle between the
Masters corresponds with 881 of the Annals of O'Connells of" [Muirtheimne] "and the rest
Ulster, which give the events of that year as of the North" [recte, and the Ultu, or Ulidians],
follows : " where Anfith, mac Hugh, King of Ulster,
"A. D. 881. An army by Flann, mac Maeil- Conallan, mac Maeileduin, King of Cova, and
3 Y
530 awNaca Rioghachca eineaNN. [881.
pfjbamna an cuaipceipc, Do bfcfnoab la Oal nGpaibe. pocapra, mac Ouib- Dacheall, abb dje TTlocua, Cumupcach, mac Oorhnaill, njjeapna Ceneoil Laojaipe, Paoldn, mac Ounlainge, cijeapna "Cochaip Gachoach, oecc. bpaon, mac Uigeapnaij, DO mapbab la hGinbic, mac (5aip01^' Qp oia bap -] DO bap Ctonjapa po pdibeab,
bpaon, mac Uijeapnai£ gan 5001, cabla aepclop pon mbir ce, Genjup DO juin arhail bpoen, ca nf cen DO oecpaib Oe.
Qinbic, mac TTIujpoin, njeapna TTlujDopn mbpfj, Do mapbaD. Carupach, mac Robapraijh, abb Ctpoa TTIacha, Do ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo ocrmooa a haon. Qn cuicceao bliaoain Do phlann. Scanoal, eppcop Cille Dapa, Qilbpeno,abbaiD mac Tllaichcich, com- apba pmnein Cluana hlopaipD, Suaipleach, abb Qipo bpeacdin, Rajallach, abb bfnocuip, OunaDach, mac Copbmaic, abb TTlaimpcpeach buire, Conal- lan, mac TTlaoilceirhin, abb Inpi Cainofja, Copbmac, mac Ceiceapnai j, ppioip Ufpe Da jlap ~| Cluana peapca bpenainn, ~\ an Dapa ci jeapna bof an ran pin pop Coch T?iacVi,- Oomnall, mac TTluipeccen, pi Caijfn, Do mapbao la Caijnib buoDein, Coippp€, mac Ounlains, cijeapna Qipcip Lipe,-| Oonncuan, mac Conjalaij, njeapna Ciannacca ^linne ^eimin, Decc. Qinbirh, mac Geoha, mic TTlaDagdin, pi Ula6, Do rhapbao DO Chonaillib TTluipceimne. ^aipbic, mac Qpcuip, rdnaipi lapchaip Liphe, 065. Carhaldn, mac Coipbpe, canaippi Ua ppailje, DO mapbab. Conamj, mac plainn, cdnaipi Ciannacca, DO mapbao la Laijmb. Dunagan, mac Uuaccaip, cijeapna lampach, DO mapbaD Id 5ai^n5ai^ mopaib.
other nobles, were killed. The Conells were where a beautiful round tower in good preser-
victors. Scanlan, prince of Dunlehglais by vation, and'some remains of a church, are still
Ulster, killed. Cormacke, mac Ciarain, Secnap to be seen — See Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin
of Clonfert-Brenainn, and prince of Tuomda- and Uses of the Round Towers of Ireland, pp. 229-
gualan, mortuus est. Conor mac Teig, King of 235.
the three Connaghts, died in old age. Aean, ' Tochar-Eachdhach : i. e. Eochaidh's Cause-
prince of Clon-Iraird, in pace quievit. Duvinsi, way. Not identified.
prince of Inis-Kyne-dea, mortuus est." — Cod. ' Cathasach — He succeeded in the year 875,
Clarend., torn. 49. and the true year of his death is 883 — See
q Teach-Mochua : i. e. Mochua's House, now Harris's edition of Ware's Bishops, p. 46.
Timahoe, in the barony of Cullenagh, Queen's The year 880 of the Annals of the Four
County, about four miles south of Stradbally, Masters corresponds with 882 of the Annals of
881.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 531
of the North, was beheaded by the Dal-Araidhe. Focarta, son of Dubhdacheall, Abbot of Teach-Mochuaq; Cumascach, son of Domhnall, lord of Cinel-Laegh- aire ; Faelan, son of Dunlang, lord of Tochar-Eachdhachr, died. Braen, son of Tighearnach, was slain by Ainbhith, son of Gairbhith. Of his death, and of the death of Aenghus, [son of Maelduin], was said :
Braen, son of Tighearnach, without falsehood, universal his renown
throughout the earthly world.
Aenghus was slain, as well as Braen ; what thing is removed from God's decision ?
Ainbhith, son of Mughron, lord of Mughdhorn-Breagh, was slain. Catha- sach8, son of Robhartach, Abbot of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 881. The fifth year of Flann. Scannal, Bishop of Cill-dara ; A'ilbrend, son of Maichteach, successor of Finnen of Cluain-Iraird ; Suairleach, Abbot of Ard-Breacain ; Raghallach, Abbot of Beannchair ; Dunadh- ach, son of Cormac, Abbot of Mainistir-Buithe ; Conallan, son of Maelteimhin, Abbot of Inis-Caindeagha ; Cormac, son of Ceithearnach, Prior of Tir-da-ghlas .and Cluain-fearta-Brenainn, and the second lord who was over Loch-Riach' at that time, [died]. Cairbre, son of Dunlang, lord of Airther-Life, and Donn- chuan, son of Conghalach, lord of Cianachta-Glinne-Geimhin, died. Ainbhith, son of Aedh, son of Madagan, King of Ulidia, was slain by the Conaille-Muir- theimhne. Gairbhith, son of Arthur, Tanist of larthar-Liphe", died. Cathalan, son of Cairbre, Tanist of Ui-Failghe, was slain. Conang, son of Flann, Tanist of Cianachta, was killed by the Leinstermen. Dunagan, son of Tuathchar, lord of Gaileanga-Collamhrachw, was slain by the Gaileanga-mora.
Ulster; but the true year is 883. The latter mach, died in peace. Aengus,. mac Maelduin,
annals record the following events under 882 : heyre apparent of the North, beheaded" \decol_
"A. D. 882. Maelruain, bushop of Luscan, laius est] " by Dalarai." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
in pace dormivit. Cumascach mac Donell, King * Loch Riach — Now Loughrea, in the county
of Kindred Laoire, rriortuus est. Bran, mac of Gal way. — See note °, under A. D. 797, p. 406,
Tiernai, killed by Ainfith, mac Gairvith. Mors supra.
mic Ausli, by Mac Ergna, and Maeilsechlainn " larthar-Liphe : i. e. West of the Liffey — his daughter. Mac Mugroin, cap ten ofMugorn- See note z, under A. D. 628, p. 250, suprd. Bregh, killed. Eochagan, mac Hugh, haulf w Gaileanga-Collamhrach, fyc. — This was pro- King of Ulster, did kill the sonn of Anfith, mac bably another name for Gaileanga-Beaga, on the Hugh. Cahasach, mac Eovartai, prince of Ard- north side of the Eiver Liffey, in the present
3 Y2
532 QNNaca Rioghachca eiReaww. [882.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo ocrmoba a Do. Gn peipeab blia&am Do phlann. Copbmao, eppcopOoirhliacc,-] abb Cluana hlopaipo, Gochu, mac'Robapcaij, abb pinoabpach ab'ae ~\ Cille TTToinne, TTluipfDhach, mac bpoin, cijeapna Laijjean, -\ abb Cille Dapa. 6a Do po paibeab,
TTlopliac TTluipe&acli TTlaije Lipe, Laoc limb cuipe, T?f Laijean collep lebenn, mac bpain, buaib nGpeann uile. lonmain gnuip caoimb pfojaib, caom Duip po li'ogaib lopaib, plip a pfbaib', po bpip pop milib mopaib.
TTlujpon, mac Cinnpaolaib, abb Cluana pfpca bpenainn, TTlaolcuile, mac pergnaij, abb ^laipi NoeDen, Uuilelair, injfn Uapjalaij, banabb Chille Dapa, 065, an 10 la lanuapn. Oomnall, mac Qoba, ci jeapna Ceneoil Laoj- aipe, Decc hi ccleipceacc. TTIaolpaDpaicc, mac TTlaolciiapapDDa, njeapna Qipjiall, DO mapbab la hdipjjiallaib peippin. ITlaolouin. mac Ctonjupa, njfpna Caille pallamam, 065. TTlac occ DO labpa occ Cpaoib Laippe Dia Da miop mp na jeinCmain. Gochagan, mac Qeoha, mic TTIaDajain, pi UluD, DO mapbab la maicne nQmbir, mic Qeba.
Qoip Cpioyc,ochc cceD occmona a cpf. Qn peaccmab bliabain DO phlann.1 TTIaolpaDpaicc, abb Cluana mic Noip, DO Uib TTIaine a cenel, Uuaral, mac
county of Dublin. The people called Gaileanga mortuus esl. Dunagan, mac Tuochar, Captain of
Mora inhabited the present barony of Morgal- Galengs of Collumrach, killed by the great Ga-
lion, in the county of Meath, and some of the lengs. Cormac, mac Cehernai, secnap of Tir-
adjoining districts. — See note ', under A. D. daglas and of Clonfert-Brenainn, mortuus est.
809, p. 421, suprd. Ragallach, Abbot of Benchair; Dunagan, mac
The year 881 of the Annals of the Four Cormac, Abbot of Manister-Buty; Conallan,
Masters corresponds with 883 of the Annals of mac Maelteivin, prince of Inis-Kyne-dea, dor-
Ulster, which notice the events of that year as mivit." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. follows : * Cailk-Fallamhain : i. e. Fall on's Wood. The
" A. D. 883. Ailbren, mac Maichtig, prince situation of this territory appears from a note
of Clon-Iraird, extenso dolore mortuus est. Suair- in the Feilire-Aenghuis, at 14th September, and
lech, prince of Ardbrecan, vitam senilem finivit. also from O'Clery's IrisTi Calendar, at the same
Daniell, mac Muregan, King of Leinster, jugu- day, which place in it the church of Eos-each,
latus est a suis sociis. Cairbre, mac Dunlaing, now Russagh, in the barony of Moygoish, and
King of West-Lin, mortuus est. Conaing, mac county of Westmeath. — See Leabhar-na-gCeart,
Flainn, heyre of Cianacht, killed by Leinster- p. 1 82, note >.
men" [decollatus est a Laginensibus]. " Doncuan, ' Craebh-Laisre. — A place near Clonmacnoise,
mac Connalai,, Kinge of Cianacht of Glingavin, in the King's County. This entry is given in
882.]
ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND.
533
The Age of Christ, 882 [recte 885]. The sixth year of Flann. Cormac, Bishop of Daimhliag, and Abbot of Cluain-Iraird ; Eochu, son of Robhartach, Abbot of Finnabhair-abha and Cill-moinne ; Muireadhach, son of Bran, lord of Leinster, and Abbot of Cill-dara, [died]. Of him was said :
Great grief is Muireadhach of Magh-Liphe, a hero of whom many deeds are told,
King of all Leinster, even to the sea of ships, son of Bran, the most gifted of all Ireland.
Beloved his countenance of regal dignity, comely chieftain under heavy flag-stones,
Whiter his skin than that of the people of the fairy palaces ; he over- threw great heroes.
Mughron, son of Ceannfaeladh, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn ; Maeltuile, son of Fethghnach, Abbot of Glas-Noedhen ; Tuilelaith, daughter of Uarghalach, Abbess of Cill-dara, died on the 10th of January. Domhnall, son of Aedh, lord of Cinel-Laeghaire, died in religion. Maelpadraig, son of Maelcuararda, lord of Airghialla, was slain by the Airghialla themselves. Maelduin, son of Aenghus, lord of Caille-Fallamhain*, died. A male child spoke at Craebh-Laisrey two months after his birth. Eochagan, son of Aedh, son of Madagan, King of Ulidia, was slain by the sons of Ainbhith, son of Aedh.
The Age of Christ, 883. The seventh year of Flann. Maelpadraig, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, of the race of the Ui-Maine ; Tuathal, son of Ailbhe, Abbot
the Annals of Clonmacnoise at the year 870, in which it is added that the child said " Good
God" in Irish See Dr. Todd's edition of the
Irish version of Nennius, p. 208.
The year 882 of the Annals of the Four Masters corresponds with 884 of the Annals of Ulster, which notice the events of that year as follows :
"A. D. 884. Tuleflaih, Abbatissa of Kildare, mortua est. Skanal, Bushop of the same, also died. Daniell, mac Cinaeh, King of Kindred- Laoire in clericatu obiit. Maeltuile, mac Fachtna, prince of Glaisnoiden, mortuus est. Maelpatricke, mac Maelcurarda, King of Airgialla, jugulatus
est a sociis suis. Eclipsis Soils, et vise stint, stellte in caelo. Maelduin, mac Aengusa, King of Coill Follavain, mortuus est. Cormac, prince of Clon- Iraird, and Bushop of Doimliag, extenso dolore pausat. A man child, at Cryvlashra, did speak within two moneths after his birth, quod anti- quis temporibus non auditum est antea. Mureach, mac Brain, King of Leinster, and prince of Kil- dare. Mughron, mac Cinfaela, prince of Clonfert- Brenainn, mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. The eclipse of the sun here referred to in the Annals ofOlster shews that the real year was 885, for it happened on the 16th of June that year See Art de Verefir les Dates, torn. i. p. 68.
534 aNNdta Rio^hachca eiraecmN. [884.
Ctilbe, abb Chille Dapa, Robaprach, mac Colgan, abb Chille Oomae, Scanoal, mac pepjil, abb Oorhnaij Secnaill, popcellach, abb Chille mic TTIfolcon, Clorcu, mac TTlaoilecuile, ppioip Cluana hlopaipo, Clnaile Secnab (.1. ppioip) ^inne Da locha [oecc]. 5uin ^ua^ai^ ™1C Oomnaill,-) Cacail, mic pmnasdin, Da pijoarhna Laijean, la pmpneachca, mac TTluipebaij. Longboprdn, mac pinnacca, njeapna TTlupcpaije, Do mapbab. Opgam Chille Dapa la ^allaib, co puccpac ceirpi picic oecc DO baoinib a mbpoiD leo DO cum a lonj;, iman ppioip .1. Suipne, mac OuiboaboipfnD, la caob jacha maicfpa oile Da puccpac leo.
Qotp Cpiopc, ochc cceD occmo&a a cfraip. Qn rocrmaD bliaDam Do plane. GochaiD, mac Corhjain, eppcop Lainoe hGala, DO cpfocnuccaD a bfcha lap pfnoacaiD. PeachcaiD, puf eppcop Cluana ViUarhach, TTTiaolcuile, .1. mac Ounjaile, abb beanncaip, Colcu, mac Connacain, abb Cinn Gene, ollam auplabpaiD,-] pfnchaiD ap Deach po buf i nGpinn ina peimfp, OiapmaiD, abb becc Gpeann, TDaolpuain, abb Oipipr Oiapmaoa, Chille hachaiD,l ^Cije Chaille, Cui $an mdfarp, abb Imleacha lobaip, QeDan, mac TCecca&a, abb Ropa Cpe, Uigeapnach, mac Uolaipjj, canaippi oeipceipc 6pf^, [oecc]. Upfpach, mac 6ecdm, plaic Ua mbaippce TTlaije, Do rhapbab la hQo&, mac loljume. Ctp DO po pdib plann mac Londin,
Upom ceo pop coiceaD mbpepail, 6 acbach leo i Liphi leppaij, Upomm fppnaDa Qppail, oobpon rfpbaba Cpfppaij. Scic mo meanma, muaD mo jnap, olluib Upeappach i ciujbdp Opnab oenaij dpi lain, Caijm co muip mac becdm.
TTlaolmupa an pile poipcce piopeolac, pcapaibe eapjna an bepla Scoic- e^ba, oecc. Ctp paip cuccab an rfpcemam pi,
' Cill-Toma. — See note h, under A. D. 746, Ulster, which notice the events of that year as
p. 349, siiprd,. follows :
a Cill-mic-Milchon : i. e. the Church of the " A. D. 885" [recte, 886]. " Erevon mac
Son of Milchu, now Kilmeelchon, in the parish Hugh," [half] " King of Ulster, killed by
of Lusmag, barony of Garrycastle, and King's Elar mac Ergine. Clohovar, mac Maeiltuile,
County — See the Ordnance map of that county, Secnap of Clon-Iraird, and Eovartach, mac Col-
sheet 29. gan, prince of Kiltuom, mortuus est. Fiachna,
The year 883 of the Annals of the Four mac Ainfith, King of Ulster, a sociis jugvlatus
Masters corresponds with 885 of the Annals of est. Scannal, -mac Ferall, prince ofDovnach-
884.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 535
of Cill-dara ; Robhartach, son of Colgan, Abbot of Cill-Toma", died. Scannall, son of Ferghil, Abbot of Domhnach-Sechnaill ; Forcellach of Cill-mic-Milchona; Cloth chu, son of Maeltuile, Prior of Cluain-Iraird ; Anaile, Vice-abbot (i. e. Prior) of Gleann-da-locha, [died]. The mortal wounding of Tuathal, son of Domhnall, and of Cathal, son of Finnagan, two royal heirs of Leinster, by Fin- nachta, son of Muireadhach. Longbortan, son of Finnachta, lord of Muscraighe, was slain. The plundering of Cill-dara by the foreigners, who carried off with them fourteen score persons into captivity to their ships, with the prior, Suibhne, son of Dubhdabhoireann, besides other valuable property which they carried away.
The Age of Christ, 884. The eighth year of Flann. Eochaidh, son of Comhgan, Bishop of Lann-Eala, ended his life at an advanced age. Reachtaidh, learned Bishop of Cluain-Uamhach ; Maeltuile, son of Dunghal, Abbot of Beannchair ; Colcu, son of Connacan, Abbot of Ceann-Eitigh, doctor of elo- quence, and the best historian that was in Ireland in his time ; Diarmaid, Abbot of Beg-Eire ; Maelruain, Abbot of Disert-Diarmada, Cill-achaidh, and Teach- Theille ; Cui-gan-mathair, Abbot of Imleach-Ibhair ; Aedhan, son of Rechtadh, Abbot of Ros-Cre ; Tighearnach, son of Tolargg, Tanist of South Breagh, [died] ; Treasach, son of Becan, chief of Ui-Bairche-Maighe, was slain by Aedh, son of Ilguine. Of him Flann, son of Lonanb, said :
A heavy mist upon the province of Breasal, since .they slew at the
fortaliced Liphe,
Heavy the groans of Assal, for grief at the loss of Treasach. Wearied my mind, mois-t my countenance, since Treasach lies in death. The moan of Oenach-Lifi all, and of Leinster to the sea, is the son of
Becan.
Maelmura0, the learned and truly intelligent poet, the erudite historian of the Scotic language, died. It is of him this testimony was given :
Sechnaill, afratribus suis moritur." — Cod. Clear., usually called Maelmura Othna, or of Fathan,
torn. 49. now Fahan, near Lough S willy, in the barony of
b Flann, son of Lonan. — The death of this Inishowen, dounty of Donegal. — See some ac-
poet is noticed in the Annals of the Four count of this writer in O'Reilly's Descriptive Masters twice; first under the year 891, and ' Catalogue of Irish Writers, p. Ivi. ; and the
again under 918. Irish version of Nennius's Historia Britonum,
c Maelmura : i. e. Servant of St. Mura. He is edited by Dr. Todd, p. 222.
536 dNNCtta Rio^hachca emeaNH. [885.
Ni poplaish calmain cocca, ni rap^a i rUfmpaig cupa,
Nf caipce all Gipiu lopmap peap map TTlhaol nunjlan TTlupa.
Nf epib bap jan oolrhai, ni poacc snap co mapba,
Nfp hiabaD calam cpebcaij pop peancaib baoiD ampa.
Ctnanloen an cailichip cop in epipcil DO paoab Do mm i nlepupalem co Cam Oomnaij -\ poipcfclaib maice Do ciaccam a nGpinn. Cuilen, mac Cfpbaill, mic Ounjaile, i TTlaelpeabail, mac ttluipcfpcaij, DO mapbab la Nopcmannaib, conaD DO po pdiDeab,
Cuilen pop comaipje Oe ap pem ipppinn olc allf, Rommfnaip Cuilen Do coi 065 DO puimfn po ba6 pi.
TTIaelpebail, injOvlTlaoilpeclainn, 065. Qp Do cabaipc ap ^hallaib Luimmj la Connacraib.
Qoip Cpiopc, occ cceD ochrmo&a a cuij. Ctn nomaD bliaDam Do phlann. TTIaolcuile, mac Cuilen, abb Cluana peapra bpenoinn, TTIaolpaDpaicc, pccpibniD, fgnaiD, -) abb Upeoic, Ronan, mac Cachail, abb Cluana Oolcam, Cuconjalca, abb Cluana hlopaipD, TTlaolmaprain, abb Qchaib bo CainDij, Slo£a6ach Ua Raicnen, abb Saijpe,-) TTlaenach, abb Cille achaib Opomaca, [l] Capcac, abb biopaip.oej. pfpjal,mac pionnacra,abb Cluana hUarha, "\ hUamandn, mac Cepen, ppioip Cluana hUarha, DO mapbaD la Noprmannaib. SneiDjiup, egnaib 6 Oipfpc Oiapmaoa, ami Chopbmaic, mic Cuilennam, Dunjal, mac Cafail, peacnabb Ui^e TTlunoa, Dej. OunchaD, mac Ouib- Daboipfnn, pi Caipil, 065. Cachpaomeab pop phlann, mac TTlaoilpeacnaill, pia n^ollaib Qua cliac, Du i ccopcaip QeD, mac Concubaip, pi Connachc, i Lfpjap, mac Cpumoen, eppcop Cille Dapa, ~\ OonnchaD, mac UlaeleDuin, abb Cille Oealja -) ceall naile, i pochaiDe ele nach aipemcep. Dobailen,
d Cain-Domhnaigh : i. e. the Sunday Law, or " killed by Flannagan, mac Fogartai, King of
rules regulating the solemnization of the Sab- Fernmai. Tiernach, mac Tolairg, heyre of De-
bath. scert-Bregh, jugulatus est a sociis suis. An
The year 884 of the Annals of the Four Epistle brought by the pilgrims" [rectd, by the
Masters corresponds with 886 of the Annals of pilgrim] " into Ireland, with forfeyture for
Ulster, which give the events of that year briefly breaking of the Saboth day, and many more
as follows : other good instructions. Echai of Lainn mac
"A. D. 886" \_rette, 887]. " Murcha mac Comgain, vitam senilem finivit, and Maelmura,
Maelduin, heire of the Fochla" [i. e. the North], the kingly poet of Ireland, mortuus est." — Cod.
885.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 537
There trod not the charming earth, there never flourished at affluent
Teamhair, The great and fertile Ireland never produced a man like the mild-fine
Maelmura. There sipped not death without sorrow, there mixed not a nobler face
with the dead, The habitable earth was not closed over a historian more illustrious.
Ananloen, the pilgrim, came to Ireland with the epistle which had been given from heaven at Jerusalem, with the Cain-Domhnaighd and good instruc- tions. Cuilen, son of Cearbhall, son of Dunghal, and Maelfebhail, son of Muircheartach, were slain by the Norsemen. Of whom was said :
May Cuilen be under the protection of God from the pains of hell of
ill favour, We did not think that Cuilen would [thus] have perished, we thought
he would be king.
Maelfebhail, daughter of Maelsechlainn, died. A slaughter was made of the foreigners of Luimneach by the Connaughtmen.
The Age of Christ, 885. The ninth year of Flann. Maeltuile, son of Cuilen, Abbot of Cluain-fearta-Brenainn ; Maelpadraig, scribe, wise man, and Abbot of Treoit ; Ronan, son of Cathal, Abbot of Cluain-Dolcain ; Cucongalta, Abbot of Cluain-Iraird ; M'aelmartain, Abbot of Achadh-bo-Cainnigh ; Slogh- adhach Ua Raithnen, Abbot of Saighir ; and Maenach, Abbot, of Cill-achaidh Dromata ; Carthach, Abbot of Birra, died. Fearghal, son of Finnachta, Abbot of Cluain-Uamha, and Uamanain, son of Ceren, Prior of Cluain-Uamha, were slain by the Norsemen. Sneidhius, wise man of Disert-Diarmada, tutor of Cor- mac, son of Cuileanan6; Dunghal, son of Cathal, Vice-abbot of Teach-Munna, died. Dunchadh, son of Dubhdabhoireann, King of Caiseal, died. A battle was gained over Flann, son of Maelsechnaill, by the foreigners of Ath-cliath, in which were slain Aedh, son of Conchobhar, King of Connacht, and Lerghus, son of Cruinden, Bishop of Cill-dara, and Donnchadh, son of Maelduin, Abbot of Cill-Dealga and other churches, and many others not enumerated. Dobhailen,
Clarend., torn. 49. of Cashel, and King of Munster — See note
' Cormac, son of Cuileanan — He was Bishop under the year 903.
3z
538 dNNCtta Rio^hachca emeawN. [886.
mac ^ojimjupa, cijjeapna Luijhne Connachc, Decc. Do Copca a cenel, "| ap um6ib Uf Oobailen. Ceapball, mac Ounjjaile, cijeapna Opjiaije, 065. Tolapj, mac Ceallaij, an oajia cijeapna bof an can pin pop oepcepc bpfj, 065. Gpeamon, mac Geoha, pi UlaD, DO mapbaD la hGloip, mac lapjm t>o Nopcmannaib. Onpochan mac TTlupchaoa, njeapna Ua cCpiomcanndin, 065. <5uin HlcMnlccpceBJ^ mic piacpac, cijepna Ua mbaipche. <5uin ^POT^S mic lolsuini. TTlaolcoba mac Cponnmaoil, abb Gpoa TTlacha, oo ecc, lap pfnoacaib. Oo muincip Chille moipe DO piohe.
Qoip Cpiopr, occ cceD occmoba, a pe. Qn Deachma6 bliaDam DO phlano. TTlaolo&ap,eppcop Cluana mic Noip, Seachnupach,mac pocapca, abbCluana moip TTlaeDog, TTlaolpacpaicc, mac Neitl, abb Sldine, Gojan, mac Cinnpao- laiD, abb Imleacha lubaip, Qipmfoach, abb TTlaije bile,-] OiapmaiD, mac 17ui, abb Cije TTIunoa, 065. plann, mjfn Ounjaile, bfn TTldilpfchlainn, mic TTlaolpuanaiD, pf Gpeann,-] ba hipiDe macaip phloinn Sionna, Deg lap noeij- bfchaiD, 1 lap bpfnnainn hi cCluam mic Noip, •) a haDnacal hipui&e. ^'^ lecdn, mac TTlaoilbpiccDe, ci^eapna Conaille TTluipceimne, 065. Inopeach- cach, mac Qe&a, cijeapna Ciappaije Luachpa, i 5°Pmacan' mac plainn, plaic Ua mbaippce cfpe, 065. piachna, mac Qinbic, pf Ulao, Do mapbaD la hUlcaib bub&ein. InDpeD Qipo bpfcain, ~| Oorhnaij pacpaicc, Uuilen, i ^linne Da locha la 5a^a'^- CionaeD, mac CenneoiD pfojDamna Laoijipi, DO rhapbab. Qp Do po pdibeab,
ba liach ua Cachail cam, pobfn puba pfl bfpaich, TTlac pij Racha bacam buain, Cionafo cingeo gin n
' Corca-Firthri. — This tribe inhabited the of Treoid, and Serjeant of Patrick's people by
barony of Gallen, in the county of Mayo, and the mountain southerly, died. Duncha, mac
those of Leyny and Corran, in the county of Duvdavoiren, King of Cassill, mortuus est. A
Sligo. — See O'Flaherty's Ogygia, part iii. c. 69- breach of battle upon Flann, mac Maelsech-
g CiU-mor. — Now Kilmore, in the county of lainn, by the forreners, where Hugh mac Conor,
Cavan. The year 885 of the Annals of the King of Connaght ; Lergus mac Cruinnen, bu-
Four Masters corresponds with 887 of the shopp of Kildare ; and Duncha mac Maeilduin,
Annals of Ulster, which notice the events of prince of Killdelga, et aliarum Civitatum, were
that year as follows : all killed. Cervall, mac Dungail, King of
" A. D. 887- Maelcova, mac Crunnvael, Abbot Ossory, subita morte periit. Cuganmahair (mo-
of Ardmach, mtam senilem finivit. Maeltuile mac therless), prince of Imleach-Ivar, mortuus est.
Cilen, prince of Clonfert Brenainn, mortuus Tolarg macCellai, haulf King of Descert-Bregh,
est. Maelpatrick, scriba et sapiens optimus, prince vtiam senilem finivit. Jeffry mac Ivair, rex Nord-
886.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 539
son of Gormghus, lord of Luighne-Connacht, died. He was of the tribe of Corca-Firthrif, and from him the Ui Dobhailen [are descended]. Cearbhal, son of Dunghal, lord of Osraighe, died. Tolarg, son of Ceallach, the second lord that was at that time over South Breagh, died. Eremhon, son of Aedh, King of Ulidia, was slain by Eloir, son of largni, [one] of the Norsemen. Anrothan, son of Murchadh, lord of Ui-Crimhthainn, died. The mortal wound- ing of Maelchertaigh, son of Fiachra, lord of Ui-Bairche. The mortal wounding of Treasach, son of Ilguini. Maelcobha, son of Cronnmhael, Abbot of Ard- Macha, died at an advanced age ; he was of the family of Cill-morg.
The Age of Christ, 886. The tenth year of Flann. Maelodhar, Bishop of Cluain-mic-Nois ; Seachnasach, son of Focarta, Abbot of Cluain-mor-Maedhog ; Maelpadraig, son of Niall, Abbot of Slaine ; Eoghan, son of Ceannfaeladh, Abbot of Imleach-Ibhair ; Airmedhach, Abbot of Magh-bile ; and Diarmaid, son of Rui, Abbot of Teach-Munna, died. Flann, daughter of Dunghal, wife of Maelsechlainn, son of Maelruain, King of Ireland, and who was the mother of Flann Sinna, died after a good life, and after penance at Cluain-mic-Nois ; and she was there interred. Gibhleachan, son of Maelbrighde, lord of Conaille- Muirtheimhne, died. Indreachtach, son of Aedh, lord of Ciaraighe-Luachra ; and Gormacan, son of Flann, chief of Ui-Bairrche-tire, died. Fiachna, son of Ainbhith, King of Ulidia, was killed by the Ulidians themselves. The plun- dering of Ard-Breacain, Domhnach-Padraig, Tuilen, and Gleann-da-locha, by the foreigners. Cinaedh, son of Cennedidh, heir apparent of Laeighis, was slain. Of him was said :
Alas for the comely descendant of CathaP1, deprived of joy are the race
of Bearach, Son of the king of lasting Rath-Bacain, the hero of the pass of Gabhruan'.
manorum, a fratre suo per dolum occisus est. Ceinneididh, son of Gaeithin, the first chief of
Aenach Fame et Talten cen aige ecin" [i. e. Laeighis, who took possession of the three ter-
without celebration]. — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. ritories of Comainn, who was the son of Cinaeth,
h Descendant of Cathal. — This Cinaeth, who son of Cathal, son of Bearach (from whom the
was the ancestor of the family of O'Mordha, or O'Mores were called Sil-Bearaigh), son of Meis-
O'More, of Laeighis, or Leix, in the present gill, son of Maelaithghin, son of Bacan, who
Queen's County, was the son of Ceinnedidh, built the fort of Kath-Bacain, in Magh-Reda, —
who was son of Mordha, a quo O'Mordha, who See note y, under the year 860, p. 496, supra.
was son of Cinaeth, the son of Cearnach, son of ' Gabhruan — Otherwise called Bealach-Gabh-
3z2
540 QNNata Rio^hachca eiReawN. [887.
Cloip Cpiopc, ochc cceD occmoDa a peachc. Qn caonmaD bliabam Decc DO phlann. Seachnapach, abb Lupcca, piano, mac TTIaoilouin, abb la, Copbmac, abb pobaip, -\ canaipi abbaiD Cluana mic Noip, Copbmac, mac piannamla, abb Opoma Inapclainn, pocaiD abb TTlainipDpeac buice, Smbne, mac TTlaoiluma, angcoipe, -| pcpibmD Cluana mic Noip, [oecc]. TTlaolmopDa, mac 5aiptiic, cijeapna Conaille TTIuipremne, Do oicfnnaD la Ceallac, mac Plannagain. Opgain Cille Dapa -\ Cluana hlopaipD la 5a^aiD- Gp Of" paije lap na Oeipib, -\ mapbaD bpaonam, mic Cfpbaill, •) Suibne, mic Oun- jupa, cijeapna Ua pfpjupa ann ona. Qp ^all la hUi nQmaljaiD, Du i cropcaip Glaip, mac bonpiD, aen Dia ccoipfchaib, ~\ Dpong oile imaille ppip. TTlaolpabaill mac cleipij, cijeapna Qibne, Decc. Qonach Uaillcfn Do aige la plann, mac TTlaoilpfcnaill. banpcdl po la an rhuip i ccfp inD oipfp Qlban. Cuij cpoijre nocar ap ceo ma pocc, ochc ccpai jre Decc poo a rpillpi, peachc ccpaije poD meop a lairhe, a pecc naile poo a ppona. ^^^P 5^P uile hi. Concobap, mac plannaccdm, cijeapna Ua Poilje Dopgain ppi DaijiD i cCluain poca mic Pini, ipm ecclaip, -\ minna pmniain Do papujab la pfpaib Uulach, oc ciachcain Do 6 accallairh plainn, mic TTlaoilechlainn pi Gpeann.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD ochcmoDa a hochc. Qn Dapa bliabain Decc Do phlann. TTlaolbpfjoe abb Cluana mic Noip, -| TTlaolcopjaip, abb Locpa,
ruain, an old road extending across Sliabh mac Maeilbride, Kinge of Conells of Murhevne,
Mairge, in the now Queen's County. — See mortuus est. Flann, daughter to Dungall, Queen
Leabhar-na-gCeart, Introduction, p. Ix. ofTa.T&ch,inpenitentiadormivit. Airmeach, prince
Some of the events noticed in the Annals of of Mabile, mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., 49-
the Four Masters under the y^ar 886 are given k Suibhne, son of Madumha. — The death of
in the Annals of Ulster under 888, and others this celebrated man is noticed in the Saxon
under 889, as follows : Chronicle, and by Florence of Worcester, at the
" A. D. 888. An army by Daniell, mac Hugh, year 892, which is the true year. A tombstone
with the Northmen and forreners, to the South inscribed with his name is still preserved at
O'Nells." [Maelmartain, coarb of Cainech, Clonmacnoise. — See Petrie's Bound Towers,
mortuus est.~] "Maenach, prince of Killacha- p. 323.
Dromad moritur. Aenach Taillten cen aigi" [i. e. ' Ckireach: i. e. Clericus. He is the progenitor
without celebration]. from whom the family of the O'Clerys have de-
" A. D. 889. Celum ardere visum est in node rived their hereditary surname.
Kal. Jun. Maelpatrick, mac Nell, prince of ™ Whiter than the swan: jilirip jeip. — Dr.
Slane, mortuus est feliciter. Owen, macCinfaela, O'Conor translates this incorrectly, "alba erat
prince of Imleach-Ivair,.;'Mg'M/aizwes<. Giblechan, inter humeros tota," in his edition of the An-
887-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. .541
The Age of Christ, 887. The eleventh year of Flann. Seachnasach, Abbot of Lusca ; Flann, son of Maelduin, Abbot of la ; Cormac, Abbot of Fobhar, and Tanist-abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois ; Cormac, son of Fianamhail, Abbot of Druim-Innasclainn ; Fothadh, Abbot of Mainistir-Buithe ; Suibhne, son of Maelumha11, anchorite and scribe of Cluain-mic-Nois, [died]. Maelmordha, son of Gairbhith, lord of Conaille-Muirtheimhne, was beheaded by Ceallach, son of Flannagan. The plundering of Cill-dara and Cluain-Iraird by the foreigners. A slaughter [was made] of the Osraighi by the Deisi, and the killing of Braenan, son of Cearbhall, and also of Suibhne, son of Dunghus, lord of Ui-Fe'arghusa. A slaughter [was made] of the foreigners by the Ui-Amhalghaidh, in which fell Elair, son ofBairid, one of their chieftains, and others along with him. Maelfabhaill, son of Cleireach1, lord of Aidhne, died. The fair of Tailltin was celebrated by Flann, son of Maelsechnaill. A mermaid was cast ashore by the sea in the country of Alba. One hundred and ninety-five feet was her length, eighteen feet was the length of her hair, seven feet was the length of the fingers of her hand, seven feet also was the length of her nose ; she was whiter than the swanm all over. Conchobhar, son of Flannagan, lord of Ui-Failghe, was destroyed by fire at Cluain-foda-Finin, in the church ; and the relics of Finian were violated by the Feara-Tulach, on his way from parleying with Flann, son of Maelseachlainn, King of Ireland.
The Age of Christ, 888. The twelfth year of Flann. Maelbrighde, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, and Maelcorghais, Abbot of Lothra, died. Tighearnan, son
nals of the Four Masters, p. 395, but correctly of Aei, in pace dormivit. Conor, mac Conor,
enough, " tota erat Candida ut olor," in the mac Flanagan, King of Fall, dyed of a mortall
Annals of Ulster, p. 239- For various examples flux" [rede, was destroyed with fire], " at Clon-
of the comparative degree ending in cip or cep, fad-Mackfini," [being] "dishonoured in the
see the Editor's Irish Grammar, part ii. c. iii. church, and the reliques of Finian dishonored •
pp. 119, 120. and burnt with him. Maelmoira, mac Garvith,
"Cluain-foda-Fini. — Otherwise called Cluain- beheaded by Cellach, mac Flanagan, King of the
foda-Librain, now Clonfad, in the barony of Conells of Murhevne. Cormac, King" [recte,
Fertullagh, and county of Westmeath — See Princeps, i. e. Abbot] " of Favar, and second to
note ", under the year 835, p. 452, supra. the Abbot of Clonmicnois, mortuus est. Cormac,
The year 887 of the Annals of the Four mac Finavla, prince of Drum-Inisclainn, mor- Masters corresponds with 890 of the Annals of tuns est. Sechnusach, Bushop of Luscan, dor- Ulster, which notice the events of that year as mivit. Foha, prince of Abbai-Buti, mortuus est. follows : Suivne, mac Maeluva, Anchorita et Scriba op-
" A. D. 890. Flann, mac Maeleduin, Abbot timus of Clonmicnoys, dormivit. A woman"
542
065. Uijeapndn, mac Seallacdin, eijeapna bpepne, 065. • ^a°£ mop la pele TTlapcain na blia6na po, co po rpapcaip cparma iom6a, co ccapac pfob dp mop pop caillcip 6peann, co puce ofpcaije i ci£e aile ap a Idcpaijib apcfna. TTlaibm pia Riaccdn, mac Dunjaile, pop ^hallaib puipr Laipge, Cocha Capman, i ^ije TTlolinjj, i papccbab bd ceo ceann. TTIaibm pia ccuaipcepr Connacr pop ^allaiB, i copchaip Gloip mac bapicha. TTlaibm pop elfb pia mac TTlaeljuala, i pia ppfpaib muman oc Caipiul i copcaip pochaibe DO macaib caorhaib.
Ctoip Cpiopc, ochr cceo ocrmoba anaoi. Qn cpeap bliabain Decc bo phlann. Cochlan, abb Uije TTlunna, Oichuill Uamlachca,-] peapjup, mac TTlaoilnnchil, pepri^ip Cluana mic Noip, Decc. Suabbap .1. mac Coiccfohaijj Inpi Snaicc, ^65,"] ba liancoipi epibe. becc, mac Gpiomon, pi UlaD, Do map- bao la hQceib, mac Laijne. Conjalach, mac plannacccnn, ci jeapna bpfj, DO ecc lap noeijbearaib. Riacdn, mac Gchnjeapn, njeapna Ua cCemn- pelai£, Selblaic, injfn Qeoha, -] TTIaolenj, injfn Carhmail, 065. Dubcfnn, mac CionaiD, cijeapna pfp Cualann, [065]. Cumapc -] cfnnaippce im cinc- ri'Dip DO punnpab f nQpD TTiacha eicip Cenel nGojain i Ulca .1. emp CtoreiD, mac Laijni,"] plaicbeapcac, mac TTlupchaba, co pop fcrappcap TTlaelbpijDe comapba pdrpaicc mrc lapam. Riap TTIaolbpijoe mppin hi ccol einicch pdopaicc 6 coicceaD Gpeann .1. 6 coicceaD Ulab la gabctil a naicnpe .1. cpiocha peace cumal, ~\ cfrpap hi ccpochab 6 Ulcaibh, a coimmeic oile 6
[mermaid] "coming from sea in Scotland, 195 foote longe; 17 foote the length of her hayre; 7 foote the length of the finger of her hand. The length of her nose 7 foote. Whyter then a swan her boddy. Maeilfavuill, mac Cleri, Kinge of Aigne, mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
0 Left behind : i. e. in which the Irish beheaded 200 Danes.
The year 888 of the Annals of the Four Masters corresponds with 891 of the Annals of Ulster, which give the events of that year as follows :
"A. D. 891- Maelbrighde, Abbot of Clon- macnoys, in pace dormivit. Ventus magnus in feria Martini, that it made great havock of woods, and caryed churches and houses out of
their places. Maelcorgus, prince of Lothra, mortuus est. Tiernan, mac Sellachan, Kinge of Brefna, mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49-
p Inis-Snaig — Now Inishnag, near Thomas- town, in the county of Kilkenny See note e,
under the year 745, p. 348, suprA.
q A conflict and dissension. — This passage is translated by Colgan in his Trias Thaum., p. 296, as follows :
"A. D. 889. Contigit tumultus et seditio Ardmachse in ipso festo Pentecostes inter Kinel-Eoguin et Ulidios ; hoc est, inter Adde- dium filium Laigne et Flathbertacium filium Murchadi, donee Malbrigidus Sancti Patricii Comorbanus, seu successor, interveniens eos compescuerat, sive ab invicem separaverat. Mai-
889-] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 543
of Seallachan, lord of Breifne, died. A great wind [occurred] on the festival of St. Martin of this year ; and it prostrated many trees, and caused great destruction of the woods of Ireland, and swept oratories and other houses from their respective sites. A battle was gained by Riagan, son of Dunghal, over the foreigners of Port-Lairge, Loch-Carman, and Teach-Moling, in which two hundred heads were left behind0. A battle was gained by North Connaught over the foreigners, in which Eloir, son of Barith, was slain. A battle was gained over the Eili by Maelguala and the men of Munster, at Caiseal, in which many noble youths were slain.
The Age of Christ, 889. The thirteenth year of Flann. Cochlan, Abbot of Teach-Munna ; Dichuill of Tamhlacht ; and Fearghus, son of Maelmichill, (Economus of Cluain-mic-Nois, died. Suadhbhar, i. e. the son of Coitceadhach, of Inis-Snaigp, died ; he was an anchorite. Becc, son of Erimhon, King of Ulidia, was slain by Ateidh, son of Laighne. Conghalach, son of Flannagan, lord of Breagh, died after a good life. Riagan, son of Echtighearn, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh ; Sealbhlaith, daughter of Aedh ; and Maeletigh, daughter of Cathmhael, died. Dubhcheann, son of Cinaedh, lord of Feara-Cualann, died. There was a conflict and dissension9, about Whitsuntide, at Ard-Macha, between the Cinel-Eoghain and the Ulidians, i. e. between Atteidh, son of Laighne, and Flaithbheartach, son of Murchadh ; but Maelbrighde, successor of Patrick, sepa- rated them afterwards. After this Maelbrighde obtained reparation for the violation of Patrick's law, from the fifth part of Ireland, i. e. from the province of Ulster, together with the delivery of their hostages, namely, thirty times seven cumhalsr, and four of the Ulidians to be hanged, and as many more from
brigidus autem, quia ita contra reverentiam Masters corresponds with 892 of the Annals of
Ecclesise Dei, et S. Patricio debitam impegerunt, Ulster, which notice the events of that year as
ab Ulidiis obsides et 210 boves : et quatuor ex follows :
delicti authoribus suspend! curarunt Ulidii. " A. D. 892" \recte, 893]. " Mochta, the
Kineleoguin etiam in consimilem ex parte sua adopted of Fethgnai, Bushopp, Anchorite, and
consenserunt satisfactionem." an excellent writer of Ardmach, in pace quievit.
' Cumhals. — A cumhal originally denoted a Contention in Ardmach in Whitsontyde, be-
bondmaid, which was estimated as of the value tweene Tyreowen and the rest of Ulster, where
of three cows ; but it afterwards was used to many were slaine. A battle upon the Black
denote three cows, or anything estimated as of Gentiles by the Saxons, where innumerable
that value. men were slaine. Great confusion among the
The year 889 of the Annals of the Four forreners of Dublin, that they divided them-
544 aNNata Rio^hachca emecnw. [sgo.
Chenel Gojain. TTlaoloohap, mac popbappai j, ppim bpeicherh Leche Cuino, 065. Lopccab Racha Grain, i copchaip Gccfpcach, mac Coipppe.Lachrndn, mac TDaoilciapam, cijeapna Ufchba, Decc. paoldn, mac ^uaipe, cijeapna Ua Ceinnpealaig, Niall, mac Copbmaic, cijeapna na nOeipi, 065. TTIochca, oalca pechjna, eppcop, ancoipi, -| pcpibmb Gpoa TTlacha, 065.
Goip Cpiopc, ochc cceo nocha. Qn cfcpamab bliabam Decc Do phlann. TPIaolpfoaip, mac Guam, eppcop Ufpe Da jlap,-] comapba bpenainn, Ciapan, mac ITlaolDuib, abb Clipone Coluim, Colcca, mac CairniaD, abb Ctuana hei&neach, Loichene, abb Oaiminpi,^ Oenacan, mac TTlaitecuile, peacnabb Doimliacc Ciandin, 065. TTIuipf6ach, mac Gochacdin, pf UlaD, Do mapbaD la hQoic,mac Loejne. Dublachcna, mac Ulaolguala, pi Caipil, 065. Ceallach, mac plannajdin, cijeapna bpfj, Do mapbab la po^aprach, mac Uolaipj, i meabail, conab ann apbepc plannacan peipm oja e^aine,
^lolla Ceallaij po amap, gobap Ceallaij laip na laimh, Clp mana Dep an peel japb, nf oalb ap mapb mac Oeapbdil. Mi bai mac pf pfje cop, po Ceallach njopmamec njlan, Ceajlach po ceaglac an pip nf pil po mm niamba gal.
plann, mac Londm, po pdib,
Qrhpa cpe cfng, rpf meic plainn imluaibfr Obba, Conjalach Cuilc, Ceallach Cfpna ip Cionaob Cnobba. TTIa po bic Ceallac cincach oippan a Die ba belcar, TTlopuap ba pom a boejal, nao pumalc paejal peanchao.
selves into factions : the one parte of them with " Flann.is here used for its diminutive, Flan-
Ivair, and the other with Jeffry the Erie. Con- nagan, which is too long for the metre,
galach mac Flanagan, heyre of Bregh, mortuus * Odhbha. — This was the ancient name of a
est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. mound near Navan, in the county of Meath.
" Successor ofBrenainn : i. e. Bishop or Abbot ! Colt — This was the name of a regal resi-
of Clonfert, of which St. Brenainn, or Brendan, dence in Meath ; but it has not been yet iden-
was the founder and patron. tified. In the elegy on the death of Fearghal
1 Air dne- Coluim : i.e. Colum's Height or Hill, O'Kuairc, attributed to Mac Coisi, Colt and
now Ardcolum, an old church in ruins on the other places in Meath are thus referred to as
north side of Wexford haven. mourning for his death :
0 Dearbhail. — Pronounced Dervil, was the " Uipneac Rlice, CnobBa ip Cole, bponac pa
name of a woman among the ancient Irish. This pope a mbioD Niall,
Dearbhail was the wife of Flannagan, and the Clacc^a ip Ceamaip na pioj, papiop ria
mother of Ceallach. maipeann a pgiath 1"
890.] ANNALS OP THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 545
the Cinel-Eoghain. Maelodhar, son of Forbasach, chief judge of Leath-Chuinn, died. The burning of Rath-Etain, in which Egeartach, son of Cairbre, was killed. Lachtnan, son of Maelciarain, lord of Teathbha, died. Faelan, son of Guaire, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh; Niall, son of Cormac, lord of the Deisi, died. Mochta, fosterson of Fethghna, bishop, anchorite, and scribe of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 890. The fourteenth year of Flann. Maelpeadair, son of Cuan, Bishop of Tir-da-ghlas, and successor of Brenainn8; Ciaran, son of Maeldubh, Abbot of Airdne-Coluim'; Colga, son of Caithniadh, Abbot of Cluain-eidhneach ; Loichene, Abbot of Daimhinis ; and Oenacan, son of Mael- tuile, Vice-abbot of Daimhliag-Cianain, died. Muireadhach, son of Eochagan, King of Ulidia, was slain by Adith, son of Loegne. Dubhlachtna, son of Mael- guala, King of Caiseal, died. Ceallach, son of Flannagan, lord of Breagh, was treacherously slain by Foghartach, son of Tolarg ; of which Flannagan himself [the father of Ceallach] said, lamenting him :
The page of Ceallach [is coming] from the west, with the steed of
Ceallach [held] in his hand ! Cause of tears is the bitter news ! It is no falsehood ; the son of
Dearbhail0 is dead ! There was no son of a king who rules over chiefs as good as Ceallach
of untarnished fame ; A household like" the household of the man exists not under heaven
of brilliant rays.
i Flann, son of Lonan, said :
Illustrious the careers of the three sons of Flannw, who coursed over
Odhbha*,
Congalach of Colt7, Ceallach of Cearna", and Cinaedh of Cnodhbha". Though Ceallach slew an outlaw, pity he should fall in the battle's
onset ; Alas ! his danger was certain ; [it was clear] that he would not
spend the life of a historian [as some had expected].
" Uisneach of Meath, Cnodhbha, and Colt, are ' Cearna — Not identified. It is referred to in sorrowful, and the fort wherein dwelt Niall ; the Dinnseanchus as in Meath.
Tlachtgha and Teamhair of the Kings, alas " Cnodhbha Now Knowth, near Slane, in
that their ornament liveth not 1" the county of Meath See note b, under A. D.
4 A
546 QNNata Rio^hachca eiraeaNR [891.
l?uabacdn, mac Caraldm, n jeapna Peap cCul, bo mapbab i nOppaijpbh 1 InDpeachcach, mac TTIaileDuin, cijjeapna Caille pollamam i lupj; ITlaol- puanaib, mac plamn, ~\ mic lorhaip. Cinoeicish, mac Cionaooha, cijepna Ua mbpiuin, Do mhapbhab 6 popnhuchaibh Laighen. Ulaoljopm, canaipi na nOeipi, Do mapbab. Scolaicche, mac TTIacdin, cijeapna Oealbna Garpa, Do mapbab la muincip Cluana mic Noip, Conab ma bfojail po mapbab TTlaolachaib lapamh. QpD TYlacha Do opccain la ^luniapamn,-) la ^jallaib Qca cliar, co pucpar oeichneabap -| peachc cceo i mbpoio leo, iap noipcaoi- leab apaill Don eacclaip,-] mp mbpipfb an Deapcaije. Conab Do ip pubpab,
Upuaj, a naem paopaicc, nap anachr cepnaije, Qn jaill co na cruajaib, 05 bualab Do beapraije.
TDaolaicjCm, eppcop Qpoa TTlacha, Do ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo nocha a haon. Qn cuicceab bliabam Decc Do phlann. Soepbpfcach mac Connaib pcpibnib, ejnaib, eppcob -] abb Copcaije, blacrhac, mac Uaipcealcaij, Do bpfjmaimb, abb Cluana mic Noip, TTlopdn Ua buibe, abb bioppa, Decc, lap nDeijbfchaib cian aopoa. TTlaolacaib peac- nabb, .1. ppioip, Cluana mic Noip,-] abb Oaimmpi DO bul i mapcpa la Oealbna Gacpa, i Do pao luja ppi bap co na bof cion Do i mapbab Scolai^e. TTluip- eaohach, mac TTIaolpuanaib, ppfoip Cupcca, 065. plannaccdn, mac Ceallaij, njeapna 6pfj uile Do mapbab hie Olba la Nopcmannaib. Cionaeb mac plannagdin, canaipi 6pCj utle, DO Decc i nDiin bpic. plaicbeaprach, mac fflupchaba, cijeapna Clili j, Do mapbab la hUa mbpfpail. TTiaolmoichepje, mac InOpeccaij, cijeapna Ceice Chacail, Do mapbab Id Leir Chacail peippin.
784, p. 391; and note0, under 861, p. 497, decem supra septingentos abduxerunt captives."
supra. — Trias Thaum., p. 296.
b Striking thy oratory. — The ancient Irish ora- Some of the events which are noticed in the
tories were sometimes constructed of wood, and Annals of the Four Masters under the year 890,
sometimes of stone. The allusion to the axes are given in the Annals of Ulster under 893,
here might suggest that the oratory at Armagh and others under 894, as follows :
was of wood, unless it be understood that the "A. D. 893. Maeloar, mac Forbasai, Patrick's
axes were used to break open the door, &c. The Serjeant from the Mountain Fotherbi" [recte,
substance of this passage is given by Colgan, as southwards], " died. Lachtnan, mac Maeilcia-
follows : " A. D. 890. Ardmacha occupata et rain, King of Tehva, mortuus est. Fergus, mac
expilata per Gluniarnum et Nortmannos Dub- Maeilmihill, equonimus of Clon-mic-Nois, dor-
linienses ; qui ipsa summa Basilica ex parte mivit. Ivar's son" [came] " againe into Ireland."
diruta, et diversis sacris sedificiis solo ajquatis, " A. D. 894. Duvlachtna, mac Maeilguala,
891.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 54J
Kuadhachan, son of Cathan, lord of Feara-Cul, and Innreachtach, son of Maelduin, lord of Caille-Follamhain, were slain in Ossory, in the army of Mael- ruanaidh, son of Flann, and of the son of Imhar. Cinneidigh, son of Cinaedh, lord of Ui-Briuin, was slain by the Fortuatha of Leinster. Maelgorm, Tanist of the Deisi, was slain. Scolaighe, son of Macan, lord of Dealbhna-Eathra, was slain by the people of Cluain-mic-Nois, in revenge of which Maelachaidh was afterwards killed. Ard-Macha was plundered by Gluniarainn, and the foreigners of Ath-cliath ; and they carried off seven hundred and ten persons into captivity, after having destroyed a part of the church, and broken the oratory ; of which was said :
Pity, 0 Saint Patrick, that thy prayers did not stay
The foreigners with their a^es when striking thy oratoryb.
Maelaithghin, Bishop of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 891. The fifteenth year of Flann. Soerbhreathach, son of Connadh, scribe, wise man, bishop, and Abbot of Corcach ; Blathmhac, son of Taircealtach, one of the [people of] Breaghmaine, Abbot of Cluain-mhic- Nois, [died] ; Moran Ua Buidhe, Abbot of Birra, died, after a good life, at an advanced age. Maelachaidh, Vice-abbot, i. e. Prior, of Cluain-mic-Nois, and Abbot of Daimhinis, suffered martyrdom from the Dealbhna-Eathra ; and he took an oath at his death, that he had no part in the killing of Scolaighe0. Muireadhach, son of Maelruanaidh, Prior of Lusca, died. Flannagan, son of Ceallach, lord of all Breagh, was slain at Olbhad by the Norsemen. Cinaedh, son of Flannagan, Tanist of all Breagh, died at Dun-Brice. Flaithbheartach, son of Murchadh, lord of Aileach, was slain by Ua Breasail. Maelmoicheirghe, son of Innreachtach, lord of Leath-Chathail, was slain by [the people of] Leath-
King of Cassill, mortuus est. Maelpedair, Bushop viz., by Gluniarann, that they carryed" [off]
and prince of Tirdaglas, mortuus est. Cellach, mac "710 captives." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
Flannagan, kingly heyre of Bregh altogether, c Of Scolaighe: i.e. of Scolaighe, son of Macan,
killed falsely" [dolose jugulatus est] " by Fogar- Lord of Dealbhna-Eathra, in the now King's
tach, mac Tolairg. Muireach, mac Eochagain, County, who had been slain by the people of
half King of Ulster, killed by Hughded, mac Clonmacnoise the year before.
Laigne. Great frost and fleaing of cattle" [recte, d Olbha — Not identified. It is probably an
Nix magna et ascolt mor, i. e. great snow and error for Odhbha.
great dearth, or scarcity of victuals]. " Ard- ' Dun-Brie : i. e. the Dun or Fort of Breac, a
mach spoyled by" [the] " Gentiles of Dublin, man's name denoting speckled or freckled.
4 A2
548 awNQta Rioghachca eiReawN. [892.
Cu ma peach,, mac TTluipfohaijj, cijeapna Peap nQpDa Ciannachca, Do map- Bab la hUlcaib. THupchaD, mac TTlaenaij, ci jeapna Deipceapr Connacr, -\ Oiapmair njeapna Luijjne, 065. plann, mac Londin, Uipjil pil Scoca ppirh pile 5ao'Oeal uile, pile ap oeach bai i nGpinn ina aimpip, Do mapbao la mapbaD la macaib CuipbuiDe, DO Uib pocaic mcpen, hi nouinecaiDe hie Loc odcaoc i noeipib ITlumdn. Qp ^all la Conaille, -] la hCtcDeiD, mac Laijne, in po mapbaD Qrhlaoib Ua hiomaip,i ^luncpabna, mac ^luniapainn, co nochc ccecaib imaille ppiu. Qp nGojanachca la hOppaijibh i n^pein Ctipb, .1. la mac Ceapbaill, ~| la Laijnib. Sicpiuc, mac lomaip, Do mapbaD la Noprmannaib oile.
Ctoip Cpiopr, occ cceo nochac a Do. Qn peipeaD bliaDain Decc Do plann. Qipsecan, mac popanDain, abbCopcaije, Cachapach, mac pfpjapa, canaipi abbaoh Qpoa ITIacha, ocean cpaiboech, i CompuD, mac GchcgaiDe, uapal paccapr QpDa TTlacha, Decc. huacrhapdn, mac Concobaip, njeapna Ua ppailje, DO mapbaD a mebail la Copjpac, mac l?fccabpacc,i Copccpac, mac Recrabpac, canaipi Ua pailje DO mapbaoh ina Diojail. bpan, mac ITluipfohaij, canaipi Laijfn, DO mapbaoh. Caejaipe, mac TTlaelpuacaij, cijeapna Peap cCeall, 065. TTlaeleicij, mac pfpaohaij cigeapna pfp Roip DO mapbaD la J5a^a'&- CacpaomfDh oc 17aic Cpo pia TTlaolpinnia, mac
' Flann, son of Lonan — In the Annals of seated on the east side of Loch Oirbsen, now
Ulster he is called O'Guaire, i. e. descendant of Lough Corrib, in the barony of Clare, and county
Guaire Aidhne, King of Connaught — See Ge- of Galway (see Duald Mac Firbis's genealogical
neologies, fyc., of the Ui-Fiachrach, Table. His work. Marquis of Drogheda's copy, p. 345 ; and
death is again entered by mistake under the year Hardiman's edition of O'Flaherty's lar-Con-
918. See O'Reilly's Catalogue of Irish Writers, naught, p. 372); and the other called Cinel-
pp. 56, 59. Fothaidh in Ui-Maine, in the same province. —
' Race ofScota : i. e. the Scoti, or Milesian See Tribes and Customs ofHy-Many, p. 35, note d.
Irish race, who are said to have derived that ' Loch-Dachaech. — This was the ancient name
name from Scota, daughter of Pharoah Cinchres, of Waterford harbour.
the mother of Gaedhal Glas, from whom they k Grian-Airbh __ Now Greane, in the barony
are said to have derived the name of Gaeidhil. of Crannagh, and county of Kilkenny, and on
— See Dr. Todd's edition of the Irish version of the borders of the county of Tipperary __ See
Nennius's Historia Britonum, pp. 26, 53, 231. Circuit of Muircheartach Mac Neill, p.39, note87.
h Ui-Fothaith. — This was the name of a tribe The year 891 of the Annals of the Four
seated in the barony of Iffa and Offa West, in Masters corresponds with 895 of the Annals of
the county of Tipperary. It was also the name Ulster, which notice the events of that year as
of two tribes in Connaught, of which one was follows :
892.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 549
Chathail themselves. Cumascach, son of Muireadhach, lord of Feara-Arda- Cianachta, was slain by the Ulidians. Murchadh, son of Maenach, lord of South Connaught, and Diarmaid, lord of Luighue, died. Flann, son of Lonan', the Virgil of the race of Scotag, chief poet of all the Gaeidhil, the best poet that was in Ireland in his time, was secretly murdered by the sons of Corrbuidhe (who were of the TJi Fothaithu), at Loch-Dachaech', in Deisi-Mumhan. A slaughter was made of the foreigners by the Conailli, and by Athdeidh, son of Laighne, in which were slain Amhlaeibh, grandson of Imhar, and Gluntradhna, son of Gluniarainn, with eight hundred along with them. A slaughter was made of the Eoghanachta at Grian-Airbhk, by the Osraighi, i. e. by the son of Cearbhall, and the Leinstermen. Sitriuc, son of Imhar, was slain by other Norsemen.
The Age of Christ, 892. The sixteenth year of Flann. Airgetan, son of Forannan, Abbot of Corcach ; Cathasach, son of Fearghus, Tauist-abbot of Ard-Macha, a pious youth ; and Comhsudh, son of Echtgaidhe, a noble priest of Ard-Macha, died. Uathmharan, son of Conchobhar, lord of Ui-Failghe, was treacherously killed by Cosgrach, son of Reachtabhra ; and Cosgrach, son of Reachtabhra, Tanist of Ui-Failghe, was killed in revenge of him. -Bran, son of Muireadhach, Tanist of Leinster, was slain. Laeghaire, son ,of Maelfuataigh, lord of Feara-Ceall, died. Maeleitigh, son of Fearadhach, lord of Feara-Rois, was slain by the foreigners. A battle was gained at Rath-cro1 by Maelfinnia,
" A. D. 895. Blamack, prince of Clon-mic- wounded by Mounstermen of the Desyes."-
Nois ; Moran O'Binne, prince of Biror, mortui Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
sunt. Cinaeh, mac Flannagain, heyre of Bregh, ' Rath-cro — Not identified. See note *, under
mortuus at. Sitrick mac Ivar, ab aliis Nor- A. D. 226, p. 110, supra. The year 892 of the
mannis esl occisus. Maelmochaire, mac Inreachtai, Annals of the Four Masters corresponds with
half King of Ulster, killed by his owne fellowes" 896 of the Annals of Ulster, which give the
[asociis suisoccisw est\. "Cumascach macMurea, events of that year as follows :
king of the men of Ardcianacht, killed by the " A. D. 896. Cahasach, mac Fergusa, heyre
Ulsterians. The slaughter of the Eoganachts to the abbacy of Ardmach, rdigiosus juvenis
by Ossorii. The slaughter of the forreners by pausat. An overthrow by Maelfinna, mac Flan-
Tyrconnell" [recte, by the Conailli-Muirhevne] nagain, upon Ulstermen and Dalarai, where
" and by Mac Laigne, where Avlaiv mac Ivair many were slaine about the King of Dalarai,
fell. Maelacha, the second at Clon-mic-Nois, viz. Muireach mac Maeleti, and about Maelmo-
and prince of Daiminis, martirized by Delvni. choire, mac Inrechtai, King of Leh-Caal. Adeit,
Flanagan mac Cellai, Kinge of Bregh, killed by mac Laigne, vulneratus evasit. Uahmaran, mac
the Nordmans. Flann mac Lonain O'Guaire Conor, King of Faly, falsely killed by his owne
550 QNNata Rio^hachca eiueawH. [893.
plannaccdin, pop ClioofiO, mac Laijne, -| pop Oal ndpaibe, in po mapbaD muipfohac, mac ITlaoilecij cijeapna Oal Qpaibe, -] ClinoiappaiD mac TTIaoilmoicheip5e,mic InDpeachcaij, ricceapna LeireChacail, co cpib ceoaib amaille ppiu, -| cepna Gooeio op 6 cpectnaijce co mop conao DO pin po paiD TTlaolmicich, mac plannagdin,
Ulaib imcpac DO lo po jaoaca^oa biu,
Qg pagbdil ooib ap fppach nip bo ooipb cfnoach ppiu.
Inopeab Connacc la plann, mac TTlaoilechlainn, ~[ a njeill DO cobach.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc nocac a cpf. Qn peachcmab bliabam oecc DO plann. Coipppe, mac Suibne, abb Cainne Lepe, egfpcach, aipchinnech eccailpi bicce, acaip Qenacdin •] Ounabaij, 065. TTlaolagpai, mac 5air^^) cijeapna na ndipceap, DO rhapbaoh la hCtmaljamh, mac Gachoach. l?uapc,mac cijeap- nctin, cijeapna bpeipne, Dobdilen, mac Gilella cijeapna Ua TTleic TTlaca, Deg. TTlaelmaipe, mac plannajdin, cigeapna pfp Ln, 065. Qe&accdn, mac Concobaip, cijeapna Ceachba, 065. Ctn cailirip Do 6ol a hGpinn. GpD TTIacha DO opjain 6 ^hallaib Locha Pebail, -| Cumapcach Do jabdil Doib,i a mac QoD mac Cumapccaij Do mapbab. Sluaicceao lap na Oeipib, la ^allaib, i Id Ceallach, mac Ceapbaill, cap Oppaijib 50 ^abpdn Du in po mapbao TTlaolmopDa, mac TTlaolmuai&,i Dponj mop oile amaille ppipp. 5uin cpi mac nOuibjiolla mic bpuaoaip, i mic Gojain mic Cuilenndin, i cpfc na nOeipi. Cior pola Do pfpcainn i nQpo Ciannachra.
fellowes" [per dolum occisus est a sociis suis.'] — Scannlan, son of Aedh Finn, son of Feargna,
Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. son of Fearghus, son of Muireadhach Mai, son
m Eaglais-beag : i. e. ecclesia parva, the little of Eoghan Sriabh, son of Duach Galach, son of
church. This was the name of a small church Brian, son of Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, mo-
at Clonmacnoise. — See it again referred to at the narch of Ireland in the fourth century.
years 947 and 977. ° Feara-Lii — A tribe and district on the
" Buarc, son of Tighearnan.—H.e is the ancestor west side of the River Bann, extending from
after whom the family of O'Euairc, or O'Eourke, Bir to Camus, in the barony of Coleraine, and
have derived their hereditary surname. Accord- county of Londonderry. — See note % under
ing to the Books of Lecan and Ballymote, Tigh- A. D. 1 176 ; note % on Magh-Lii, under A. M.
earnan, the father of this Ruarc, was the son of 2550, p. 8, supra ; also Reeves's Ecclesiastical
Seallachan, who was the son of Cearnach, or Antiquities, of the Dioceses of Down and Connor,
Cearnachan, who was son of Dubhdothra, son &c., p. 295, note g. The Feara-Lii, or Fir-Lii,
of Dunchadh, son of Baeithin, son of Blathmhac, were seated on the east side of the Bann at the
son of Feidhlimidh, son of Creamhthann, son of period of the English Invasion.
893.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 551
son of Flannagan, over Aiddeidh, son of Laighne, and over the Dal-Araidhe, in which were slain Muireadhach, son of Maeleitigh, lord of Dal-Araidhe, and Ainniarraidh, son of Maelmoicheirghe, son of lunreachtach, lord of Leath- Chathail, with three hundred along with them ; and Aiddeidh escaped, severely wounded ; of which Maelmithidh, son of Flannagan, said :
The Ulidians, at one hour of the day, reaped thy food,
On their departure in terror they would not feel reluctant to purchase it.
The plundering of Connaught by Flann, son of Maelseachlainn ; and their hostages were taken.
The Age of Christ, 893. The seventeenth year of Flann. Cairbre, son of Suibhne, Abbot of Lann Leire ; Egeartach, Airchinnech of Eaglais-beagm, the father of Aenagan ; and Dunadhach, died. Maelagrai, son of Gairbhith, lord of the Airtheara, was slain by Amhalghaidh, son of Eochaidh. Euarc, son of Tighearnann, lord of Breifne ; Dobhailen, son of Ailell, lord of Ui-Meith-Macha, died. Maelmaire, son of Flannagan, lord of Feara-Lii°, died. Aedhagan, son of Conchobhar, lord of Teathbha, died. The Pilgrimp departed from Ireland Ard-Macha was plundered by the foreigners of Loch-Febhailq; and Cumascach was taken by them, and his son, Aedh mac Cumascaigh, was slain. An army was led by the Deisi, the foreigners, and Ceallach, son of Cearbhall, over Osraighe, as far as Gabhranr, where Maelmordha, son of Maelmhuaidh, and a great number of others along with him, were slain. The mortal wounding of the three sons of Duibhghilla, son of Bruadar, and of the son of Eoghan, son of Cuilennan, in the territory of the Deisi. A shower of blood was rained in Ard-Cianachta.
p The, pilgrim : i. e. Ananloen, who is said to r Gabhran. — Now Gowran, in the county of
have come from Jerusalem. — See the year 884, Kilkenny. The year 893 of the Annals of the
p. 536, suprA. Four Masters corresponds with 897 of the An-
i Loch-Febhail : i. e. Lough Foyle, near Lon- nals of Ulster, which are very meagre at this
donderry See note ', under A. M. 3581, p. 40, period, containing only the three short entries
and note p, under A. D. 864, p. 501, suprd,. This following under that year :
passage is noticed by Colgan in his Annals of " A. D. 897 [898]. Aded, mac Laigne, king
Armagh, as follows : of Ulster, killed treacherously by his owne peo-
" A. D. 893. Ardmacha occupata, et spoliata pie. A shower of blood shedd at Ardcianacht.
per Nortmannos ex partibus Laci Febhalensis Carbre, mac Suibne, Archinnech of Lainn-Lere,
excurrentes." — Trias Thaum., p. 296. mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49-
552
QNNac-a Rio^hachca emeaNN.
[894.
Goip Cpiopc, ochn cceo nochac a cfcaip. Qn cochcmao bliaDain Decc Do phlann. Seachnapach, abb Uamlachca TTlaeilepuain,mepcell abb Imleacha lubaip, Qpsjacan, abb Copcaije moipe, -\ bpeapal, pfp leijinn Qpoa TTlacha, 065. ^aipb'ir, mac TTluipeccdm, cijeapna Ofplaip, 065. Oonnaccdn, mac Pojapraich, canaipi Uochaip Gachach [065]. Qp Conaille la hUib Gach- ach, ou i ccopcaip Da mac J5aipfr"^ •'• mac ^1C'5»1 TTlaolmojna. Ctcnu- ua&uccaD aenaij Connace la CaDj, mac Concobaip.i acnuaDuccaD aona^h Uaillcfn la DiapmaiD, mac Ceapbaill, ~\ a naije Diblinnib leo. SloijeaD Id Connachcaib i nlaprap TTliDe. Sapuccao Infi Ctinjin, ~| Duine DO juin pop a lap, 1 pcpfn Ciapain innre, -\ peanaD ppince im Caipppe Cpom, eppcop Cluana mic Noip. TTlaiDm pop Chonnaccaib occ Qch luam pia nlapcap TTlioe ipm 16 ceona co pap^aibpfc dp cfnn leo.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD nocha a cincc. Qn naomaD bliaDam Decc Do phlann. TTluipjiop, eppcop -\ abb Dfpipc Oiapmaoa, TTlaelbpfjoe, mac phpolij, neach naerhca ba hapofppucc TTluman, plainm, mac Neccain, abb Leic, TTTlaenach, mac Caemdin, abb Ooirhliacc, pinjin, angcoipe Cluana mic Noip, i Uoicciuch Inpi Ctinjein, 065. ^aill pop Coch Gac&ach i calainn lanuaip, co pupae Grac paopaic. UaD^, mac Concubaip, pi ceopa Gonnacc,
means " the fair of Tailltin was held or cele- brated," and Qenac CaiUcen cen aije, "the fair of Tailltin without celebration." And, strange to say, these phrases are so understood by Dr. 0' Conor himself, though he loses sight altogether of the meaning of aije in this pas- sage, being misled by the prefixed n.
x Inis-Aingin — This island is still so called in Irish, and pronounced Imp Qmnin ;butinEng- lish is called " Hare island." It is situated in Lough Eee, and belongs to the parish of Bunown, barony of Kilkenny West, and county of West- meath. It is stated by Colgan, Ware, and even by Lanigan, in his Ecclesiastical History of /re- land, vol. iii. p. 427, that Inis-Aingin, the island on which St. Ciaran, son of the artificer, the patron of Clonmacnoise, erected his first church, is that now called " The Island of all Saints," and situated in Lough Eee ; but these writers
* Breasal, lector. — Colgan has the following remark on this passage : " A. D. 894. Bressalius Scholastics, sen Lector Theologies Ardmachanus obiit. Sed Usserus ex Annalibus Ultoniensibus anno 898 mortuum refert pag. 861. dicens ; Anno DCCCXCVITI. Bressalus Lector Ardma- chanus mortuus est." — Trias Thaum., p. 296.
* Dearlas. — Otherwise written Durlas — See note5, under A. D. 660, p. 271, supra; and note *, under A. D. 1217, infra.
u Tochar-Eathach. — See note r, under A. D. 880, p. 530, suprd.
w Were celebrated ; a n-ai^e : literally, their celebration, or being celebrated. Dr. O'Conor translates this " et habita sunt diversis tempo- ribus per eos.'^ But the verb ai je certainly means " to hold or celebrate." — See note q, under the year 806, p. 416, suprd. Throughout the Annals of Ulster Qenac Cailleenn oo aije
894.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 553
The Age of Christ, 894. The eighteenth year of Flann. Seachnasach, Abbot of Tamhlacht-Maeleruain ; Mescell, Abbot of Imleach-Ibhair ; Arggatan, Abbot of Corcach-mor ; and Breasal, lector8 of Ard-Macha, died. Gairbhith, son of Muireagan, lord of Dearlas*, died. Donnagan, son of Fogartach, Tanist of Tochar-Eathach", [died]. A slaughter was made of the Conailli by the Ui-Eachach, in which fell the two sons of Gairbhith, i. e. the son of Eitigh, and Maelmoghna. The renewal of the fair of Connaught by Tadhg, son of Con- chobhar ; and the renewal of the fair of Tailltin by Diarmaid, son of Cearbhall; and both were celebrated™ by them. An army was led by the Corinaughtmen into Westmeath. Inis-Ainginx was profaned, and a man was mortally wounded in the middle of it, and the shrine of Ciaran there, and a synod of seniors, with Cairbre Crom, Bishop of Cluain-mic-Nois. A victory was gained on the same day over the Connaughtmen, at Ath-Luainy, by [the men of] Westmeath, and a slaughter of heads left behind with them.
The Age of Christ, 895. The nineteenth year of Flann. Muirgheas, Bi- shop and Abbot of Disert-Diarmada ; Maelbrighde, son of Proligh, a holy man, who was Archbishop of Munster ; Flaithim, son of Nechtain, Abbot of Liath ; Maenach, son of Caemhan, Abbot of Daimhliag ; Finghin, anchorite of Cluain-mic-Nois ; and Toicthiuch of Inis-Ainginz, died. The foreigners were on Loch-Eathach on the Calends of January, and they seized on Etach-Padraiga. Tadhg, son of Conchobhar, King of the three divisions of Connaught, died
had no reason for this statement, which is not Athlone, a well-known town on the Shannon, on
true. In an Inquisition tempore Car. I., this the confines of the counties of Westmeath and
island is called "Insula vocata Inishingine," and Koscommon. The year 894 of the Annals of the
described as "jacens in Loghry, et continens Four Masters corresponds with 898 of the An-
1 cartron terrse et 1 Molendinum aquaticum nals of Ulster, which are very meagre at this
vocatum Mollinglassen." On the Down Survey period, containing only the three obits following
it is called Inchingin, alias Hare Island. The under that year :
ruins of an old church, dedicated to St. Ciaran, " A. D. 898. Miscell, abbot of Imlech-Ivar ;
are still to be seen on this island, and a small Artagan, abbot of Corke ; and Bressal, lector of
tombstone near it exhibits a fragment of an an- Ardmach ; mortui sunt." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49- cient Irish inscription, of which the Editor * Inis-Aingin — See note under the year 894. deciphered the following words : • Etach-Padraig : i.e. Patrick's raiment. This
onaio Do cuachal hua huanaiN. was Probably a sarment Preserved in some old
church near Lough Neagh. " A Prayer for Tuathal Hua Hurain." The year 895 of the Annalg of the Four Mas.
J Ath-Luain : i. e. the Ford of Luan. Now ters corresponds with 899 of the Annals of
4B
554 ctNNata Rio£hachca eineaNN. [896.
065 iap mbeich i njalap pooa. T?ian, mac bpuaoaip, DO mapbaDh la TTlopbdl occ Qcluain ecip phlann, mac TTIailechlainn, -| Cacal, mac Concu- baip, i Cacal Do cochc hi ccaij plainn pop comaipce pamca Ciapdin, gup bo piapach Don pij mpam. Opgam Cille Dapa la ^a^a'b. Cpech la taijnib pop Oppaijib, co po mapbab ann buabach, mac Qilella.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD nochac a pe. Ctn picfcrhabbliabain Dophlann. Capoc, mac TTlailcpoin, abb Gchaib biopoip, Decc. TTIaolbpeapail, mac TTlaoloopaib, cijeapna Ceneoil cConaill, Do mapbaoh hi car Sailcm la TTlupchaD mac TTlaoileDum, cijeapna Ceneoil Gojain. ClaomcluD pigh hi cCaipol .1. Copbmac mac Cuileanndin a nionaD ChinDjegain .1. pmnjume. TTIaolpuanaiD, mac plaino, mic TTlaoilpeacnaill, DO mapb'aD (.1. a lopccab i cci£ reineab) la Luijnib .1. la macaib Cfpnacdm, mic ^0165, i la mac Lop- cdin, mic Cacail, cijeapna TTliDe. Uopcaip Dna leo TTlaolcpom .1. acaip Cainoelbdin, mac Domnaill, cijeapna Cheneoil Laojaipe, conab Do po pdibeab,
hi Cfcain cpuaib pcappupa, ppi TTIaolpuanaiD pan pac, Oia Oapoain jabupa ceill, pop injnaip mic macap.
CIgup Dubcuilinn, abb Ruip each, Cioppaicce, mac NuaDac, abb Conoaipe, Lainoe 6la,-] Lacpaij bpiuin, Do ecc. Oublachcna, mac Ceipine, cijeapna Ua mbaippche, 065. dp ^a^ ^a hUlroib.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo nocha a peace. Q haon picfc Do phlann. pogapcach, mac plainn, abb Lacpaij bpiuin, i cijeapna pocapc Ctipcip Lipe, 065. dioiD, mac Cuijne, pi UlaD, Do mapbab la a cenel pein .1. la
,
Ulster, which notice the events of that year as name of Achadh-bhilair, and anglice Aghaviller,
follows : situated near the hamlet of Newmarket, in the
" A. D. 899- Pluvialis anrms. Mac-Edi mac county of Kilkenny. The ruins of a round
Lehlavar, King of Dalarai, mortuus est. Great tower are to be seen at this place, which indi-
fleaing of Chattle" [recte, great want of food for catesits ancient ecclesiastical importance. Tighe,
cattle]. " Maenach mac Coevain, Abbot of in his Statistical Account of the County of
Doimliag, mortuus est. Teige, mac Conor, Kinge Kilkenny, conjectures that Aghaviller is a
of" [the] " three Connaghts, extenso dolore, ' corruption of Achadh Oilither; but this is a
mortuus est. Daniell, mac Constantine, King of mere silly guess by one who had no acquain-
Scotland, mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49- tance with the Irish annals or Irish literature,
b Achadh-biroir : i. e. Field of the "Water- and who indulged in those wild etymological
cresses, now called in Irish by the synonymous conjectures which characterize the Irish anti-
896.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 555
after a lingering sickness. Rian, son of Bruadair, was slain by the foreigners. A meeting at Ath-Luain between Flann, son of Maelseachlainn, and Cathal, son of Conchobhar ; and Cathal came into the house of Flann under the protection of the clergy of Ciaran, so that he was afterwards obedient to the king. The plundering of Cill-dara by the foreigners. A prey was taken by the Leinster- men from the Osraighi, on which occasion Buadhach, son of Ailell, was slain.
The Age of Christ, 896. The twentieth year of Flann. Caroc, son of Maelcron, Abbot of Achadh-biroirb, died. Maelbreasail, son of Maeldoraidh, lord of Cinel-Conaill, was slain in the battle of Sailtin0, by Murchadh, son of Maelduin, lord of Cinel-Eoghain. A change of kings at Caiseal, i. e. Cormac, son of Cuileannan, in the place of Cennghegan, i. e. Finguine. Maelruanaidh, son of Flann, son of Maelseachnaill, was killed (i. e. he was burned in a house set on fire), by the Luighne, i. e. by the sons of Cearnachan, son of Tadhg, and by the son of Lorcan, son of Cathal, lord of Meath. They also slew Maelcroin (the father of Caindelbhan), son of Domhnall, lord of Cinel-Laeghaire ; of which was said :
On a hard Wednesday I parted with Maelruanaidh the nobly gifted, On Thursday I began to think on being without my father's son.
And Dubhchuilinn, Abbot of Ros-each ; Tibraide, son of Nuadhat, Abbot of Connor, Lann-Eala, and Laithreach-Briuin, died. Dubhlachtna, son of Ceirine, lord of Ui-Bairrche, died. A slaughter was made of the foreigners by the Ulidians.
The Age of Christ, 897. The twenty-first year of Flann. Fogartach, son of Flann, Abbot of Laithreach-Briuin, and lord of Fotharta-Airthir-Life, died. Aididh, son of Luighne, King of Ulidia, was slain by [one of] his own tribe,
quaries of the last century. sonn of Lorcan, mac Cahail, where many nobles
c Saihin — See note g, under A. D. 1 256. were slaine, .i. Maelcron, son of Daniell, Kinge
The year 896 of the Annals of the Four of Kindred- Loeaire, and the prince of Eossech,
Masters corresponds with 900 of the Annals of viz., Duvcuilinn, and many more, and all pe-
Ulster, which give the events of that year, thus : rished through daigi" [conflagration]. " Tibradi,
" A. D. 900. Maelruannai mac Flainn, mic mac Nuad, Archinech Conuire, and of other
Moilsechlainn, heyre apparent of Ireland, killed cities, .i. Lainn-Ela, and Lahrach Briuin. A
by Lenster" [reete, by the Luighni, or inhabi- change of Kings in Caissill, .i. Cormac mac Cui-
tants of the barony of Lune, in Meath], " viz., lennan, in place of Cingegain, .i. Finguine." —
by the sonns of Cernachan, mac Teig, and by the Cod. Clarend., torn. 49-
4u2
556
[898.
TTlaelbaipne. pionnjuine .1. CCnngfjain, pi TTlurhan, DO maptiaD la a cenel pein. lonoapbaoh ^all a hGpinn, a longpopc Ctra cliac ta Ceapball, mac TTluipejein, i la Caijnrb, la TTlaolpinnia co pfpaib bpfg imme, co pdpccaib- pioc Dpecea mopa Dia^onjaibh Dia neip,i co neplaipfc leacmapb cap muip. Ounjjal, mac Cfpbaill, DO juin la Caoijjip. Cache pop ^alla'b Gcha cliac in Imp imc Neachrain. pojapcach, mac plamD, 065. Cacupach mac pfp- £upa, canaippi abbaoh Qpoa ITlacha, Do ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceo nocha a hocc. Ctn Dapa bliaDain pichfc Do phlann. Caencompac Inpi 6nooirh, eppcop -] abb LujmaiD, aim Qenacain, mic Gccfpraij, i OunaDai^, mic Gccepcai£ 6 ccac Uf Chuinn na mbochr, 065 an cpeap la picfc lull. Suaipleach, anjcoipe -| eppcop Upeoir, TTlaol- ciapdm, abb Cipe Da glap, •] Cluana hemnfch, Ctilill, mac Ctongupa, abb Cille Cuilinn, Copccpach, ppip a police cpuajan, angcoipe Inpi Cealcpa, "Cuachal, ancoipe, 065. Scanoal Cije Uelle, Ctilill Raca eppcoip, ajup Peachcabpa Ropa Cpe, Deg. Caencompac na nuam i nlmp bo pinne, 065. TTlaolpinnia, mac plannaccain, cijfpna bpfjjlaech ipipeac cpaibDeach epioe. Qp Dia ecc po pdi&fb,
TDac Oeapbail 05 bdij ap bpfjmach, bpipm gach Dail gan Dolbach, TDaol pial pmma popoll paobpac, eo puaD po jopm pojlach.
d Were besieged. — This might be translated, " were hemmed in, or reduced to great straits."
' Inis-mic-Neachtain — This is a mistake of the Four Masters for Imp mac Ner-am, Island of the sons of Nesan, now Ireland's Eye, near the hill of Howth, in the county of Dublin. This island was originally called Inis-Ereann, i. e. Eria's Island, which is the name given in the Dinnsennchus ; afterwards Inis-mac-Nes- sain, from Dicholla, Munissa, and Nadsluagh, three sons of Nessan, who erected a church upon it. — See Colgan's Ada Sanctorum, p. 609. The modern name of Ireland's Eye is incor- rectly translated Oculus Hibernia by Ussher in his Primordia, p. 961, for InsuLa Hibernice. This name, which is a translation of Inis-Ereann, was given it by the Danes, in which language
ey or ei denotes island. The same people trans- lated, remodelled, or altered the names of other islands near Dublin, as Dalk-ey, for the Deilg- inis of the Irish ; Lamb-ey for Inis-Reachrainn, &c. &c.
The year 897 of the Annals of the Four Masters corresponds with 901 of the Annals of Ulster, which notice the events of that year as follows :
" A. D. 901. Finguine, Kinge of Cassill, a sociis suis occisus est per dolum. The expulsion of Gentyles out of Ireland, viz., those that en- camped at Dublin, by Maelfinnia mac Flannagan, with the men of Bregh, and by Carroll O'Muri- gan, with Leinstermen, that they left" [behind] "a great fleete of their shippes; many escaped half dead after they were broken and wounded.
898.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. .557
i. e. by Maelbairne. Finguine, i. e. Cenngeagain, King' of Munster, was slain by h,is own tribe. The expulsion of the foreigners from Ireland, from the for- tress of Ath-cliath, by Gearbhall, son of Muirigen, and by the Leinstermen ; by Maelfinnia, with the men of Breagh about him ; and, leaving great numbers of their ships behind them, they escaped half dead across the sea. Dunghal, son of Cearbhall, was mortally wounded by [the people of] Laeighis. The foreigners of Ath-cliath were besieged3 on Inis-mic-Neachtain6. Foghartach, son of Flann, died. Cathasach, son of Fearghus, Tanist-abbot of Ard-Macha, died. The Age of Christ, 898. The twenty-second year of Flann. Caenchomrac of Inis-Endoimhf, Bishop and Abbot of Lughmhadh, the tutor of Aenagan, son of Eigeartach, and of Dunadhach, son of Eigeartach, from whom are descended the Ui-Cuinn na mBocht, died on the twenty-third day of July. Suairleach, anchorite and Bishop of Treoit ; Maelciarain, Abbot of Tir-da-ghlas, and Cluain-eidhneach ; Ailell, son of Aenghus, Abbot of Cill-Cuilinn ; Cosgrach, who was called Truaghang, anchorite of Inis-Cealtra ; [and] Tuathal, anchorite, died. Scannall of Teach- Teille ; Ailill of Kath-Epscoiph; and Eeachtabhra of Ros-Cre, died. Caenchomhrac, of the caves of Inis-bo-fine, died. Maelfinnia, son of Flannagan, lord of Breagh, who was a religious, devout layman, [died]. Of his death was said :
The son of Dearbhail, battling over Breaghmhach, disperses each
meeting without delay, The generous Maelfinnia, the great, the fierce, most illustrious most
valiant hero.
Fogartach mac Flainn, prince of Lathrach- " O nac maipeann peapra an plair ip m6 an
Briuin, mortuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. cpuajan DO caic a Ion,
' Inis-Endoimh. — Now Inisenagh, in Lough Q j-Cluam Chiapam mic an cpaoip, biam
Eee, near Lanesborough — See note ', under tnipe jac laoi po Bpon."
" Since no longer lives the prince, I am the « Truaghan : i. e. the Meagre. Dr. O'Conor iruaghan who spent his store)
translates this passages: "Coscrachus a quo Aj. cluain Chiarain.mic.an.tsaeir, i shall be
dicitur Turns anachoretica Insulse Celtrse;" daily under sorrow."
but this is undoubtedly incorrect. The word
cpuajjan is still used in the south of Ireland — See Petrie's Inquiry into the Origin atid Uses
to denote a poor, miserable person. It is thus of the Round Towers of Ireland, pp. 49, 50.
used in Mac Coisi's elegy on the death of Sean h Rath-Epscoip : i. e. Rath or Fort of the
Fearghal O'Ruairc : Bishop, now Rathaspick, near the village of
558 aNNCtta Riojhachca eiraeaNW. [899-
bar urhal pi peim gan jabab, apDclf op Gamna oenaij, peap ao peiDim cen baojal, ba piu Gpmn a aonap. TTlaolpinnia, pfp cen hualla, coimoi bpeaj, bpeo Dap oinna, Ct oealboha pi pogach parh, goprnpeap copach, cachlonn conna. taoch pf bpoja buillibaip, co cpaigh mapa muchcaip gell, TTlonuap cen TTlaolpinnia pial bappi an jpmn ppi mcha nell.
Ouibjiolla, mac Gircippceoil, cijeapna Ua cCeinnpealaij;, Cinnemij, mac ^aoichine, cijeapna Laighpi, -] na cComan, Ginoiappaio mac TTlaol- muipe cijeapna Uuipbe t>ecc. Ciapdn, mac Ounghal, cijeapna TTlupcpaije, DO mapbaoh la a muincip pein. Conlijan, mac Copcpam, Do mapbaoh a noiojail CinDjejam. Ceallach, mac Saepjupa, ancoipi, -] eppcop Qpoa TTlacha, DO ecc.
Qoip Cpiopc, ochc cceD nocha anaoi. C(n cpeap bliaDam pichfc Do phlann. Dunjal, mac baeirine, abb -| eppcop 5^nrie Ga locha, Coipppe Cpom, eppcop Cluana mic Noip. Qp Do ruapccaib ppiopar TTlaoilpfclainTi, mic TTlaolpiianaib cfnD. lopeph Locha Con, abb Cluana mic Noip Do Uib piachpach an cuaipceipr a cenel. plann, mac Conaill, abb Imlecha lubaip, Cfnnpaola6,mac Copbmaic, aipcinneach QchaiD uip, pojapcach,mac TTlaoil- DopaiD, ajeapna Ceneoil Conaill, DO cuicim mo jai pein,i a ecc 66, conaD Do DO pdiDfo,
Ruipe echcach Gappa RuaiD, immo cceccpairfp mop pluaij, Qpp ib 015 mbdip baejlach pe, lap ccpdoh uf lepe (.1. Cpiopc).
Rathowen, in the barony of Moygoish, and Annals of Ulster, which give the events of that
county of Westmeath. In O'Clery's Irish Ca- year as follows :
lendar, at 16th February, this place is called " A. D. 902. Caeinchorak, Bushop and prince
Rac na neappojj, i. e. Fort of the Bishops. of Lugmai ; Maelciarain, abbot of Tyrdaglas 1 Battle ofNiall. — Dr. O'Conor adds here two ^Wid Cloneigne ; and Cellach, mac Saergusa,
quatrains more, from a totally different poem, anchorite and Bushopp of Ardmach, in pace
but as these are not found in the Dublin copies, dormierunt. Maelfinnia, mac Flannagan, Rex
and as they relate to a chief of Laeighis, not to Breagh, rdigiosus laicus, mortuus est. Ceinnedi,
Maelfinnia, the Editor has thought it proper to mac Gaeihin, King of Lease ; Ainniarai, mac
omit them, as a blunder of Dr. O'Conor's. Maelmuri, King of Turbi, mortui sunt. Occisio
k Tuirbhe. — Now Turvey, near the village of Treoid by Maelmihi, mac Flannagan, and by
Donabate, in the county of Dublin. Aengus, Maelsechlainn's cosen" [nepotem Mael-
The year 898 of the Annals of the Four sachnaill], " by the advice of Maelsechlin." —
Masters corresponds with the year 902 of the QM. Clarend., torn. 49.
899.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 559
Fit was he to be a king of cloudless reign, high chief over Eamhain
of fairs ; A man, I assert it without fear, who was alone worthy of having
all Ireland. Maelfmnia, a man without haughtiness, lord of Breagh, a torch over
the fortresses ; He of royal countenance, most highly gifted, a famed just man, a
prudent battle-prop.
The heroic king of heavy blows, even to the sea-shore he won the wager; Alas that the generous Maelfinnia is not a sun over the battle of NialF.
Duibhghilla, son of Edirsgeal, lord of Ui-Ceinnsealaigh ; 'Cinneidigh, son of Gaeithin, lord of Laighis and of the Comanns ; Ainniarraidh, son of Maelmuire, lord of Tuirbhek; Ciaran, son of Dunghal, lord of Muscraighe, was slain by his own people. Conligan, son of Corcran, was slain in revenge of Ceanngegan. Ceallach, son of Saerghus, anchorite, and Bishop of Ard-Macha, died.
The Age of Christ, 899. The twenty-third year of Flann. Dunghal, son of Baeithin, Abbot and Bishop of Gleann-da-locha, [died]. Cairbre Crom, Bishop of Cluain-mic-Nois, [died] ; it was to him the spirit of Maelseachlainn shewed itself1. Joseph of Loch-Con, Abbot of Cluain-mic-Nois, of the tribe of the northern Ui-Fiachrach ; Flann, son of Conall, Abbot of Imleach-Ibhair ; Ceann- faeladh, son of Cormac, Airchinneach, of Achadh-urm [died]. Fogartach, son of Maeldoraidh, lord of Cinel-Conaill, fell upon his own javelin, and died of it [the wound] ; of whom was said :
The great-deeded chieftain of Eas-Ruaidh, about whom great hosts
used to assemble, He took a Lethiferous drink dangerous truly, after persecuting the
descendant of Jesse (i. e. Christ).
1 Shewed itself; cuapjjaiB ceann : literally p. 599, n. 8.
" raised its head." This is still the phrase For a long account of the conversation which
used in Ulster to denote the apparition or rising is said to have taken place between this bishop
of a ghost. This passage is translated by Colgan and the spirit of King Maelsechlainn, or Ma-
as follows : lachy I., see the gloss to the Feilire-Aenguis, at
" Anno salutis S. Corpreus Curvus Episcopus 6th March ; and Colgan's Acta Sanctorum at the
de Cluain-mic-nois obiit : cui apparuit spiritus same day, p. 508. Malachite Jllii Maelruanacii." — Acta Sanctorum, m Achadh-ur — Now Freshford, in the county
560 awwaca Rio^hachca eiReaNN. [goo.
TTlacleijjinn, mac bpuaoaip, ci£eapna TTluycpai^e bpeojam, Dej. Cion- ae6, mac TTlaelpuanaib, -\ Gob, mac lolgume, plaic Ua mbaippce, Do rhapbab na nofp la Cfhouban, mac fflaelecain. Pubrab, mac ITlupchaba, cijeapna Ua Cpiomchannain, 065. pupbaibi, mac Cuilennain, cijeapna Ua Poip- ceallain, DO juin. bpuaicfb mac plaicbeapcaich, cijeapna CopcomDpuab, 065. Sdpuccab Cfnannpa la plann mac TTIaoileaclainn, pop Ohonncab pop a mac pobein, ~\ pochaibe lie Do bicfnoab ann Don cup pin.
Qoip Cpiopc, naoi cceo. Cln cfcpamab bliabain pichfc Do phlanc. TTlaolcianan, mac poipcceipn, eppcob Lainne Leipe, Liocan, abb Uuama Da hualann, plannacan Ua Londin, abb lee TTlocaemocc, Duban, abb Cille oapi, i Caccnan, abb Peapna, 065. Oiapmaio, mac CfpbaiU, DO lonoapbab a piji Oppaije, ~\ Ceallach, mac Ceapbaill, Do piojhab cap a eip. Oileach Ppigpeann Do opjain DO ^liallaib. Imnipi cara ecip Da mac Qoba pinnleic .1. Oomnall -j Niall ceo po coipmipcceab cpia impibe Ceneoil 6oja)n. TTlaibm pia cCeallac, mac Ceapbaill, -| pia nOppaijib pop Gilib ~\ TTlup- cpaijib, i rcopcaip c^. im Chechcejan, mac Uamnachain im cijeapna nGli 1 pochaibe lie. QilppiD, pij po opDneab pfchc, •] peneachup na Sa^an, -\ an pij bub mo echc, poipgli je jaoip -} cpabab Do pijaib Sa^an, Deg.
Qoip Cpiopc, naoi cceo a haon. Qn cuijeab bliabain pichfc DO phlann. InDpeachcach, macOobailen, abbbCnocaip, Decc, an peipeab la pichfc Gppil, Dia nebpab,
of Kilkenny — See note g, under A. D. 622, mortuus est. Kells forcibly entered by Mael-
p. 244, supra. sechlainn, upon Doncha, his owne sonn, and
" Muscraighe-Breogain. — A territory now com- many were killed about the oratory" [et imdti
prised in the barony of Clanwilliam, in the south- decollati sunt circa Oralormrn\. " Dungall, Bu-
west of the county of Tipperary. shopp and prince of Glindaloch, vitam senilem in
° Ui-Foircheallain — Now OfFerrilan, a large Christo finivit. Ivar O'Hivair killed by the men
parish near Mountrath, in the Queen's County, of Fortren, with a great slaghter about him.
This was the name of a tribe, and became that Flann mac Conell, Abbot of Imlech-lvair, mor-
of the district, according to the ancient Irish tuus est." — Cod. Clarend., torn. 49. usage. The ancient name of the plain in which p Oileach-Frigreann — Otherwise written Ai-
this tribe was seated was Magh-Tuathat. leach-Frigreinn, now Elagh, near Lough Swilly,
The year 899 of the Annals of the Four Mas- in the barony of Inishowen, and county of
ters corresponds with 903 of the Annals of Donegal — See note B, under A. D. 674, p. 284,
Ulster, which notice the events of that year supra. briefly as follows : q Domhnall. — He was King of Aileach. Ac-
" A. D. 903. Joseph, Abbot of Clon-mic-Nois, cording to Peregrine O'Clery's genealogical
900.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 561
Macleighinn, son of Bruadair, lord of Muscraighe-Breogain", died. Cinaedh, son of Maelruanaidh, and Aedh, son of Ilguine, chief of Ui-Bairrche, were both slain by Ceandubhan, son of Maelecan. Fubhthadh, son of Murchadh, lord of Ui-Crimhthainn, died. Furbuidhi, son of Cuileannan, lord of Ui-Foircheallain°, was mortally wounded. Bruaideadh, son of Flaithbheartach, lord of Corcam- druadh, died. The profanation of Ceanannas by Flann, son of Maelseachlainn, against Donnchadh, his own son ; and many others were beheaded on that occasion.
The Age of Christ, 900. The twenty-fourth year of Flann. Maelcianain, son of Fortchern, Bishop of Lann-Leire ; Litan, Abbot of Tuaim-da-ghualann ; Flannagan Ua Ldnain, Abbot of Liath-Mochaemhog ; Dubhan, Abbot of Cill- dara ; and Lachtnan, Abbot of Fearna, died. Diarmaid, son of Cearbhall, was driven from the kingdom of Osraighe ; and Ceallach, son of Cearbhall, was made king in his place. Oileach-Frigreannp was plundered by the foreigners. A challenge of battle between the two sons of Aedh Finn-liath, i. e. Domhnallq and Niall ; but it was prevented by the intercession of the Cinel-Eoghain. A battle was gained by Ceallach, son of Cearbhall, and by the Osraighi, over the Eili and the Muscraighir, in which fell one hundred and ten persons, among whom was Techtegan, son of Uamnachan, lord of Eili, and many others [of distinction]. Alfred8, the king, who instituted the laws and ordinances of the Saxons, and who was the most distinguished for prowess, wisdom, and piety, of the Saxon kings, died.
The Age of Christ, 901. The twenty-fifth year of Flann. Innreachtach, son of Dobhailen, Abbot of Beannchair, died .on the twenty-sixth day of April; of whom was said :
>this Domhnall was the ancestor of the The year 900 of the Annals of the Four
Feara-Droma, or Ui-Eathach-Droma-Lighean, Masters corresponds with 904 of the Annals of
who, after the establishment of hereditary sur- Ulster, which notice but few of the events of
names, took that of O'Donghaile, now O'Don- that year, as follows :
nelly __ See note ", under A. D. 876, p. 524. " A. D. 904. Maelciarain mac Fortchirn,
' The Muscraighi : i.e. the inhabitants of Bushop of Lainn-Lere, in pace quievit. An army
Muscraighe-Thire, now the baronies of Upper by Flann, mac Maeilsechlainn, into Ossory.
and Lower Ormond, in the county of Tipperary. Lachtnan, abbot of Ferna, mortuus est. A de-
• Alfred. — According to the Saxon Chronicle, termination of battle between the two sons of
King Alfred died in the year 901, six days Hugh, viz., Daniell and Nell, untill Kindred
before the Mass of All Saints. Owen prevented them."— Cod. Clarend., torn. 49.
4c
562 aNNata Rio^hachca emeaNN. [902.
Q haon cpf ceo caola cuip, 6 ecpecc Corhjaill beannchuip, Co pe poenaib puapcap njle Inpecraij aipo oiponibe.
TTlaolpoil, abb Spurpa ^uaipe, pupabpan, mac 5aPocnn> ppioip Cille hGchaib, 065. Cell, mac Upcuili, ppioip Qchaib bo Cainoij, Gijpieacan, mac Dalaij, mic TTluipceaprai j, cijeapna Ceneoil Conaill, 065. Gp oia ecc aopubpaoh,
Gcc ip eicij popaccaib pluaja paijfp lap pecaib, TTla po claoioenn pi peicpech, mop liach Gccneach i nejaib. Gccneach ba 00601115 Ooccaib, pi Ceimuil Conaill ceoaij, Oippan gnuip cpebtdp mf&enD po cuinn ipfnn lap neccaib. Inopeachcach bfnocaip buibnig, Ciapmac ^abpa jaipm pobpaij. piano peaBail, pial ppi Do&aing, Gccneach pil Conaill cajngmj.
plann, mac Oomnaill, pfbamna an ruaipceipc, Decc. Ciaprhacan, mac plamnabpac hUi Dunabaij, njeapna Ua Conaill ^abpa, 065. Ciapobap, mac CpunomaoiljCijeapnaUa pelmeba, Laib5nen,mac Donnajctm, ngeapna pfpnmaije, Do mapbaoh. TTluipfDhach, mac Oomnaill, pijbamna Laijean, DO juin i ccfpib TTiuman,-] a ecc. TTIuDan, mac Oonnjaile, cijeapna Copca Laijbe, 065. Sloijfb la plann mac TTlaoilpfchlainn, i la CfpBall, mac TTluipegain, co piopa TTiuman, 50 po hionnpab leo 6 ^hobpan 50 Luimneac. ^laippini) mac Uippeni, cijeapna Ua TTlaccaille, 065.
Qoip Cpiopr, naoi cceD a Do. Ctn peipeab bliabam pichfc Do phlann. Colmdn,pcpibnib ~| eppcop Ooimliacc,-] Cupcan, pepjil, eppcop pinDabpach, 1 abb Inoeibnen, •) plann, mac .Oenacam, abb Lupcan, 065. plann, mac plaicbfpcaij, cijeapna Copca TTiobpuab, Deg. Sloigheab peap TTiuman la
* From the death ofComhgall. — Comhgall died x From Gobhran to Lutmneach : i. e. from
in the year 600. — See p. 225, suprd. Gowran to Limerick.
" Sruthair-Gnaire. — Now Shrule, to the east y Ui-Maccaille. — Now the barony of Imokilly,
of Sleaty, on the River Barrow, near the town in the county of Cork.
ofCarlow — See Colga.ri'sActa Sanctorum, p. 313, The year 901 of the Annals of the Four
note 1 1 ; and also A. D. 864, p. 501, suprd, where Masters corresponds with 905 of the Annals of
Sruthair, Slebhte, and Acha- Arglais, now Agha, Ulster, which notice a few of the events of that
a parish church in the barony of Idrone, county year as follows :
of Carlow, are referred to as not far asunder. " A. D. 905. Flann, mac Domnallan, heyre of
"' Ui-Felmedha. — Now the barony of Ballagh- the Northern" [country], " mortuus est. Egna-
keen, in the county of Wexford. — See note m, chan, mac Daly, King of Kmdred-Conell, mor-
under A. D. 1381. tUusest. An army by Flann, mac Maeilsechlainn,
902.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 563
One and three hundred fair revolving years from the death of Comh-
gall' of Beannchair, To the period of the happy death of the great illustrious Innreachtach.
Maelpoil, Abbot of Sruthair-Guaire" ; [and] Furadhran, son of Garbhan, Prior of Gill- Achaidh, died. Celi, son of Urthuili, Prior of Achadh-bo-Cainnigh ; [and] Eigneachan, son of Dalach, son of Muircheartach, lord of Cinel-Conaill, died. Of his [Eignechan's] death was said :
Death has left destitute the hosts who seek after precious gifts,
If it has changed the colour of a potent king ; great grief that
Eigneach has died. Eigneach, who was the sternest of youths, King of the populous
Cinel-Conaill ; Alas that his shrunken, colourless face is below the surface of the
clay in death. Innreachtach of populous Beannchair, Ciarrahac of Gabhra of great
renown, Flann Feabhail, generous and resolute, Egneach of Sil-Conaill of the
good councils.
Flann, son of Domhnall, heir apparent of the North, died. Ciarmhacan, son of Flannabhra Ua Dunadhaigh, lord of Ui-Conaill-Gabhra, died. Ciarodhar, son of Crunnmhael, lord of Ui-Felmedhaw; [and] Laidhgnen, son of Donnagan, lord of Fearmhagh, were slain. Muireadhach, son of Domhnall, heir apparent of Leinster, was wounded in the country of Munster, and died. Mudan, son of Donnghal, lord of Corca-Laighdhe, died. An army was led by Flann, son of Maelseachlainn, and by Cearbhall, son of Muireagan; and they plundered from Gobhran to Luimneach*. Glaissini, son of Uisseni, lord of Ui-Maccailley, died.
The Age of Christ, 902. The twenty-sixth year of Flann. Colman, scribe and Bishop of Daimhliag and Lusca; Ferghil", Bishop of Finnabhair, and Abbot of Indeidhnen ; and Flann, son of Oenacan, Abbot of Lusca, died. Flann, son of Flaithbheartach, lord of Corca-Modhruadh, died. An army of the men of
into Mounster, that he prayed from Gavran to * Ferghil. — This nanie is usually latinized
Lymrick. Ciarinac, King of Figintes," [and] Virgilius. The death of Virgilius, an Abbot of
" Innrechtach, Abbot of Benchar, mortui sunt." the Scots, is noticed in the Saxon Chronicle
Cod. Cldrend., torn. 49. under the year 903.
4c2 *
564 ctNNata Rio^hachca eirceaNN. [902.
Copbmac, mac Cuilennain, i la plaicbfprach 50 TTlaij Lena. Cionoilpfc tfcn Cumn ma noocom ano pin im plann, mac TTlaoilfclainn,-| peapcap carh ecoppa, co po meabaib pop Cft Chumn, ~\ DO pocaip ann TTlaolcpaoibe Ua Caraldm. Sloijheab oile la Copbmac, ~\ la plaicbeapcach pop Uib Neill an Deipceipc, asup pop Connachroib, co ccuccpac gialla Connachc ma mopaibh lap Sionainn, ~\ aipcccfp innpeaba Cocha Rib leo.
a Magh-Lena __ Now Moylena, alias Kilbride, Ulster, which notice a few of the events of that
a parish comprising the town of Tullamore, in year as follows : the King's County __ See p. 105, supra. " A. D. 906" [alias 907]. " Colman scriba,
The year 902 of the Annals of the Four Episcopus Doimliag et Lusca, in pace quievit.
Masters corresponds with 906 of the Annals of Fergall, Bushopp of Finnurach," [Episcopus
902.] ANNALS OF THE KINGDOM OF IRELAND. 565
Munster was led by Cormac, son of Cuileannan, and Flaithbheartach, to Magh- Lenaa. The [people of] Leath-Chuinn collected against them thither about Flann, son of Maelseachlainn; and a battle was fought between them, in which the [people of] Leath-Chuinn were defeated, and Maelcraeibhe Ua Cathalain was slain. Another army was led by Cormac and Flaithbheartach against the Ui-Neill of the South, and against the Connaughtmen ; and they carried away the hostages of Connaught in their great fleets on the Shannon, and the islands of Loch Ribh were plundered by them.
Findubrach, i. e. Bishop of Finnabhair. — Ed.] finivit. Annus mortalitatis. Duvsinna, mac Elge, " and prince of Einen, vitam senilem in Christo kinge of Magh-Iha, mortuus est."
~AL IN
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J.ORONTO 54 CANADA
Annals of the Four masters. DA
905
Annals of the Kingdom of .A.63 Ireland. v.l
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