me j HARDING & SMITH SOME SOUTH AFRICAN FRESH WATER CGOPEPODA April 1967 April Volume 48 Band Part 21 &#Deel ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM Cape Town Kaapstad The ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM are issued in parts at irregular intervals as material becomes available Obtainable from the South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town (Cash with order, post free) Die ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM word uitgegee in dele op ongereelde tye na beskikbaarheid van stof Verkrygbaar van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum, Posbus 61, Kaapstad (Kontant met bestelling, posvry) OUT OF PRINT/UIT DRUK I, 2(1, 3, 5, 7-8), 3(1-2, 5, t-p-l.), 5(2, 5, 7-9); 6(1, t.—p.i.), 70; 3), 8, g(1-2), 10(1-3), T1(1—2, 7, t=p3-); 21, 24(2), 31(—3),- 38, 444): Price of this part/Prys van hierdie deel 25C Printed in South Africa by In Suid-Afrika gedruk deur The Rustica Press Pty., Ltd., Die Rustica-pets Edms., Bpk., Court Road, Wynberg, Cape Courtweg, Wynberg, Kaap SOME SOUTH AFRICAN FRESH WATER COPEPODA By J. P. Harpinc anp W. A. SmirH British Museum (Natural History), London (With 9g figures in the text) CONTENTS PAGE Introduction Sat ts ps aaa tg els} Systematic account . : SEG Summary . : . : . 520 Acknowledgement , : 520 References . : ‘ : ere 1 INTRODUCTION The material consisted of 26 tubes from the western Cape Province, 45 tubes from the Jukskei—Crocodile system, 39 tubes from the Vaal River, and 32 tubes from other parts of the Transvaal. The material was collected by Dr. A. D. Harrison and his colleagues. The collection comprised g species of Diaptomidae and 11 species of Cyclopoida. Unidentified Harpacticoida were also present in some of the samples. The following species were identified: CYCLOPOIDA . Macrocyclops albidus (Jurine) sub.-sp. oligolasius Kiefer . Eucyclops serrulatus (Fischer) . Eucyclops gibsoni (Brady) . Tropocyclops prasinus Fischer . Paracyclops fimbriatus (Fischer) . Paracyclops finitimus Kiefer . Acanthocyclops vernalis (Fischer) . Microcyclops varicans (Sars) . Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus) . Thermocyclops oblongatus (Sars) . Thermocyclops emini (Mrazek) _ eH OM ON MOP OO ND _ hy 3 3 . 5. Afr. Mus. 48 (21), 1967: 515-521, 9 figs. BED) 516 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM DIAPTOMIDAE 12. Lovenula barnardi Sars 13. Lovenula falcifera (Lovén) 14. Paradiaptomus lamellatus Sars 15. Metadiaptomus transvaalensis Methuen 16. Metadiaptomus capensis (Sars) 17. Metadiaptomus colonialis (Douwe) 18. Metadiaptomus purcelli (Sars) 19. Tropodiaptomus spectabilis (Kiefer) 20. Eudiaptomus sp. The names used for the Cyclopoida are in accordance with Kiefer’s monograph (Kiefer, 1929a). This gives a full synonymy and here we give synonyms only with reference to other works on South African copepods. Macrocyclops albidus (Jurine) sub.-sp. oligolasius Kiefer The species M. albidus is a cosmopolitan one but specimens in Africa south of the Sahara if examined sufficiently closely are usually found to belong to the subspecies oligolasius which was first described (Kiefer, 1928a) from the Linjanti River where it flows into the Zambezi. Hutchinson et al. (1932) record it from the south-eastern Transvaal. Sars (1927) did not find any representatives of the genus Macrocyclops in his survey of the Entomostraca of the Cape Province but two of the present samples from the western Cape Province contained M. albidus oligolasius, both from a vlei at Betty’s Bay in brown and acid water. It was also present in the Vaal River, the Olifants Vlei near.Johannesburg, the Klein Jukskei River and from the Great Usutu River in the eastern Transvaal. Eucyclops serrulatus (S. Fischer) This cosmopolitan species was found in all regions sampled in the present survey. It is rather surprising that so common a species was not found in the Cape Province by Sars (1927). Several of the present samples contained it. Hutchinson ef al. (1932) record it from south-eastern Transvaal and it was present in many of the present samples from the Transvaal. Eucyclops gibsont (Brady) Cyclops gibsoni Brady 1904: 129, pl. 6, figs. 1-10. Cyclops longistylis Brady 1910: 242. (Nigeria.) Afrocyclops gibsoni (Brady), Sars 1927: 121, pl. 13, figs. 1-18. Eucyclops gibsoni (Brady), Hutchinson et al. 1932. This is a species widely distributed in Africa south of the Sahara. Found in the western Cape Province in the Krom River, Stellenbosch, and under the Blouberg road bridge, Milnerton, and in the Transvaal at the Amato Dam, Benoni, and at the Pretoria sewage works. Brady’s type of Jongistylis from Nigeria is in the BM(NH) on a slide and appears to be this species as Sars suggested. SOME SOUTH AFRICAN FRESH WATER COPEPODA 517 Tropocyclops prasinus Fischer Leptocyclops prasinus (Fischer) Sars 1927: 119, pl. 12, figs. 11-20. Eucyclops prasinus (Fischer) Hutchinson et al. 1932. This is a very widely distributed probably cosmopolitan species, but was represented in the present collections only by a single male from the Crocodile— Jukskei system. It is a very small species and may have passed through the nets. It is recorded from the Cape (Sars, 1927) and the Transvaal (Hutchinson et al., 1932). Paracyclops fimbriatus (Fischer) This species is reported from the whole of the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions and most parts of Africa. It was found in four of the samples from the Vaal River, two of which contained the related form Paracyclops finitimus as well. Paracyclops finitimus Kiefer Platycyclops poppet (non Rehberg) Sars 1927: 127, pl. 14, figs. 5-17. This species was first described from Morocco (Kiefer, 1928b: 99) and has been found in New Zealand. Sars had already recorded it under the synonym given above from the Cape Peninsula. It was found in three samples from the Cape Province: the Krom River at Stellenbosch and the Berg River and in nineteen from the Transvaal: at Benoni, in the Crocodile—Jukskei System, in the Klipspruit near Johannesburg, in the oxidation pond of the Pretoria sewage works and in the Vaal. Acanthocyclops vernalis (Fischer) This species is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and has been recorded from South America and Kerguelen. In the present collection it is represented by a single adult female from the Berg River. Maicrocyclops varicans (Sars) Owing to uncertainties of identification the precise distribution of this species is not known; but there are records from all principal land masses. I know of no record for South Africa south of the Vaal River; but Hutchinson et al. (1932) record it from the Transvaal. It was present in three tubes from the Crocodile—Jukskei System in marginal vegetation and from two stations on the Vaal River. Mesocyclops leuckartt (Claus) This cosmopolitan species was found in twenty-four of the samples: from the western Cape Province, from the Vaal River and from the Transvaal. Thermocyclops oblongatus (Sars) (Figs. 1-9) Mesocyclops oblongatus Sars 1927: 114, pl. 11, figs. 1-15. (Thermocyclops) infrequens Kiefer 1929b: 315, fig. 10. Sars (1927) described 7. oblongatus from the Cape Province. Unfortunately his figures are not very accurate, in particular showing a peculiarly shaped 518 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM receptaculum and a fifth leg with the outer terminal seta less than half the length of the inner. Kiefer (1929b) described T. infrequens and many specimens of the present collection from both the Transvaal and the Cape agree with Kiefer’s description and figures, but none with Sars. We have examined Sars’s original material and find that the receptaculum and fifth leg are the same as in Kiefer’s species and as these were the only features by which the two species were thought to be distinguishable we conclude that oblongatus and infrequens are two names for a single species. There are two tubes of Sars’s material, one which had at some time been allowed to dry up was from a small pond at Salt River, collected by Dr. Purcell and referred to in Sars’s paper, and the other of speci- mens in good condition from an unspecified locality. Both tubes appeared to contain the same species and figs. 1-4 are from a specimen from the second tube. Figs. 5-9 are of corresponding parts of specimens from the Transvaal in the present collection. The species is very close to 7. schuurmanae Kiefer, the main difference being that the rounded prominence on the lamella of leg 4 (figs. 2 and 6) are larger, closer together and bear more spinules. Kiefer’s original specimens of 7. schuurmanae were from the Transvaal (Kiefer, 1928a: 15) and Hutchinson et al. (1932) also record it from several Transvaal localities and from a Cape Vlei. However, apart from a few T. emini, all the Thermocyclops in the present collection are T. oblongatus, not T. schuurmanae. The localities are: the Zeekoe Vlei on the Cape Flats, various dams at Benoni, Transvaal, five stations in the Crocodile—Jukskei System and the Apies River, Pretoria. Thermocyclops emint (Mrazek) Originally found in East Africa (Mrazek, 1896: 4; Sars, 1909: 50) it has since been found in the Sudan and in Egypt (Gurney, 1911: 32) and in the Transvaal and Portuguese East Africa (Hutchinson et al., 1932). The present samples were both from the Vaal Barrage. Lovenula barnardi Sars Originally described from Ovamboland, South West Africa (Sars, 1927: 92) this species was present in a number of the samples collected along the Vaal River. Lovenula falcifera (Lovén) First described from Natal and later found near Cape Town (Sars, 1927: 86) and in a number of places in the Transvaal (Hutchinson e¢ al., 1932). This species was found only in the Cape Province in the present collections: in temporary waters on the Cape Flats, Berg River localities and the Riet Vlei, Milnerton. Paradiaptomus lamellatus Sars The type locality is Knysna, Cape Province (Sars, 1895: 46) and this species is recorded by Sars (1927: 94) also from near Cape Town. Brady (1907: 183) records it from Natal and Riihe (1914: 27) from the Cape. The species was found in three of the present samples, all from the Cape. a29 SOME SOUTH AFRICAN FRESH WATER COPEPODA ‘ssa] YY pur sturas unpnovjdooser Surmoys usuIses [vITUIS Jo yUDUIZIS O1OvI0Y} ise] ‘g “Ph ‘s8iy sa] YINOJ Jo podopus jo jusWIsas eurutis} ‘6 “6 ‘ssi,y ‘ssoy YANO; Jo eyeuey Sunrun ‘9g ‘s ‘ssi ‘rues yeoiny ‘L “G ‘1 ‘soy ‘Teoyeur yeeasuvary, “6—G ‘ssi ‘aden oy} wos yeojyeur odA yz, ‘“b— I ssuy °( sreg ) sngpsu0jqgo sdojatoouuay 7 ‘6-1 ‘*s8tq 520 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM Meiadiaptomus transvaalensis Methuen Metadiaptomus transvaalensis Methuen 1910: 160, pl. 16, figs. 46a-c, pls. 17-18. Diaptomus meridianus Douwe 1912: 24. Paradiaptomus transvaalensis (Methuen) Hutchinson e¢ al. 1932. Diaptomus rigidus Sars 1927: 101, pl. 8, figs. 13-18. This is the type species of the genus and was first described (Methuen, 1910) from Lake Chrissie and other parts in the eastern Transvaal. Hutchinson et al. (1932) also record it from this area and other parts of the Transvaal. Van Douwe’s 1912 specimens from Great Nama Land are probably the same species and the present samples were mostly from the Vaal River, and also from one station in the western Cape Province at Piquetberg on the Berg River. Only two battered females were present in the last sample. Metadiaptomus capensis (Sars) Diaptomus capensis Sars 1907, Rtihe 1914: 26, fig. 8a, b. Sars 1927: 98, pl. 8, figs. 1-12. Paradiaptomus capensis (Sars) Hutchinson et al. 1932. This species as far as I know has only been recorded from the Cape Province, it was present in three of the samples, the Zeekoe Vlei and a tem- porary pool on the Cape Flats and Sirkel’s Vlei near Cape Point. Metadiaptomus colonialis (Douwe) Diaptomus colonialis Douwe, 1914. Paradiaptomus colonialis (Douwe) Hutchinson et al. 1932. The specimens described by Van Douwe were from South West Africa and those collected by Hutchinson et al., from various parts of the Transvaal. Eight of the present samples were from inside the Transvaal and three from its southern border. Metadiaptomus purcelli (Sars) Diaptomus purcelli Sars 1907: 12, pl. 2, figs. 3-10. Sars 1927: 103, pl. 9, figs. 1-8. Paradiaptomus purcelli (Sars) Hutchinson et al. 1932. All records of this species seem to be from the south-western Cape Province and it is characteristic of temporary pools on the Cape Flats. Tropodiaptomus spectabilis (Kiefer) Diaptomus spectabilis Kiefer 1g29b: 311, figs. 5, 6. Hutchinson et al. 1932. Tropodiaptomus spectabilis (Kiefer) Kiefer 1932. This is a Transvaal species and was collected from two Transvaal localities. Eudiaptomus sp. Three females and one male of an undetermined species of Eudiaptomus were present in a sample from the Hartebeespoort Dam. SUMMARY Eleven species of Cyclopoida and eight species of Diaptomidae are recorded from inland waters of the Cape Province and Transvaal. Figures of Thermo- cyclops oblongatus (Sars) are given and it is shown that T. infrequens Kiefer is a synonym of this species. SOME SOUTH AFRICAN FRESH WATER COPEPODA 52l ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are indebted to Dr. A. D. Harrison and the National Institute for Water Research of the South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research for the opportunity of examining this material. We are grateful to Dr. J. R. Grindley for letting us examine specimens described by G. O. Sars in the collections of the South African Museum. The Trustees of the South African Museum acknowledge gratefully the receipt of a grant from the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research towards the cost of publication. REFERENCES Brapy, G. 8. 1904. On Entomostraca collected in Natal by Mr. James Gibson. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1904, (2): 121-128. Brapy, G. S. 1907. On Entomostraca collected in Natal by Mr. James Gibson. (Part II.) Ann. Natal Mus. 1: 173-186. Brapy, G. S. 1910. On some species of Cyclops and other Entomostraca collected by Dr. J. M. Dalziel in northern Nigeria. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 4: 239-250. DouweE, C. vAN. 1912. Neue Siisswasser-Copepoden aus Stidafrika. In Schultze, L. Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsretse im westlichen und zentralen Siidafrika 1903-1905. 5: 21-32. Jena: Fischer. (Denkschr. med.-naturw. Ges. Jena 17: 21-32.) Douwe, C. vAN. 1914. Copepoda. Jn Michaelsen, W., ed. Beitrége zur Kenntnis der Land und Stisswasserfauna Deutsch-Siidwestafrikas. 1: 93-103. Hamburg: Friederichsen. Gurney, R. 1911. On some freshwater Entomostraca from Egypt and the Soudan. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 7: 25-33. Hutcuinson, G. E., Pickrorp, G. E. & ScHuuRMAN, J. F. M. 1932. A contribution to the hydrobiology of pans and other inland waters of South Africa. Arch. Hydrobiol. 24: 1-154. Krerer, F. 1928a. Beitrage zur Copepodenkunde. (VIII.) Zool. Anz. 76: 5-18. Krerer, F. 1928b. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Copepoden Marokkos. Bull. Soc. Sci. nat. Maroc 8: 87-106. Krerer, F. 1929a. Crustacea Copepoda. II. Cyclopoida Gnathostoma. Tierreich 53: i—xvi, 1-102. Kierer, F. 1929b. Neue und wenig bekannte Siisswasser-Copepoden aus Stidafrika. Zool. Anz. 80: 309-316. Krerer, F. 1932. Versuch eines Systems der Diaptomiden (Copepoda Calanoida). Zool. Fb. (Syst.) 63: 451-520. Meruuen, P. A. 1910. On a collection of freshwater Crustacea from the Transvaal. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1910: 148-166. MraAzek, A. 1896. Die Copepoden Ost-Afrikas. In Deutsch-Ost-Afrika 4 fig. 1 (Mobius, K., ed. Die Thierwelt-Ost-Afrikas . . . Wirbellose Thiere) (11): 1-11. Berlin: Reimer. Rutue, F. E. 1914. Die Stisswassercrustaceen der Deutschen Stidpolar Expedition 1901-1903 mit Ausschluss der Ostracoden. Dtsch. SiidpolExped. 16 (Zool. 8): 4-66. Sars, G. O. 1895. On some South African Entomostraca raised from dried mud. Skr. Vidensk- Selsk., Christ. 8: 1-56. Sars, G. O. 1907. On two new species of the genus Diaptomus from South Africa. Arch. Math. Paturv. 28 (8): 1-17. Sags, G. O. 1909. Zoological results of the third Tanganyika expedition, conducted by Dr. W. A. Cunnington, F.Z.S., 1904-1905. Report on the Copepoda. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1909: 31-77. Sars, G. O. 1927. The freshwater Entomostraca of the Cape Province (Union of South Africa). Part III. Copepoda. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 25: 85-149. INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS MANUSCRIPTS In duplicate (one set of illustrations), type-written, double spaced with good margins, including TaBLE OF CoNnTENTs and Summary. Position of text-figures and tables must be indicated. ILLUSTRATIONS So proportioned that when reduced they will occupy not more than 43 in. = 7 in. (74 in. including the caption). A scale (metric) must appear with all photographs. REFERENCES Authors’ names and dates of publication given in text; full references at end of paper in alphabetical order of authors’ names (Harvard system). References at end of paper must be given in this order: Name of author, in capitals, followed by initials; names of joint authors connected by &, not ‘and’. Year of publication; several papers by the same author in one year designated by suffixes a, b, etc. Full title of paper; initial capital letters only for first word and for proper names (except in German). Title of journal, abbreviated according to World list of scientific periodicals and underlined (italics). Series number, if any, in parenthesis, e.g. (3), (n.s.), (B.). Volume number in arabic numerals (without prefix ‘vol.’), with wavy underlining (bold type). Part number, only if separate parts of one volume are independently numbered. Page numbers, first and last, preceded by a colon (without prefix ‘p’). Thus: SmitH, A. B. 1956. New Plonia species from South Africa. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (12) 9: 937-945. When reference is made to a separate book, give in this order: Author’s name; his initials; date of publication; title, underlined; edition, if any; volume number, if any, in arabic numerals, with wavy underlining; place of publication; name of publisher. Thus: Brown, X. Y. 1953. Marine faunas. 2nd ed. 2. London: Green. When reference is made to a paper forming a distinct part of another book, give: Name of author of paper, his initials; date of publication; title of paper; ‘In’, underlined; name of author of book; his initials; title of book, underlined; edition, if any; volume number, if any, in arabic numerals, with wavy underlining; pagination of paper; place of publication; name of publisher. Thus: SmitH, C. D. 1954. South African Plonias. In Brown, X. Y. Marine faunas. and ed. 3: 63-95. London: Green. SYNONYMY Arranged according to chronology of names. Published scientific names by which a species has been previously designated (subsequent to 1758) are listed in chronological order, with abbreviated bibliographic references to descriptions or citations following in chronological order after each name. Full references must be given at the end of the paper. Articles and recommendations of the International code of zoological nomenclature adopted by the XV International congress of zoology, London, July 1958, are to be observed (particularly articles 22 and 51). Examples: Plonia capensis Smith, 1954: 86, pl. 27, fig. 3. Green, 1955: 23, fig. 2. When transferred to another genus: Euplonia capensis (Smith) Brown, 1955: 259. When misidentified as another species: Plonia natalensis (non West), Jones, 1956: 18. When another species has been called by the same name: [non] Plonia capensis: Jones, 1957: 27 ( = natalensis West). iim 3 9088 01206 6007 |