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PRINTED FOR THE
TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM
BY ADLARD & Son & West Newman, Ltp., Lonpon.
1917—1920.
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TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM.
The Right Hon. Joun Xavier Merriman, P.C., M.L.A.
Sir THomas Murr, Kt., C.M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S., F.R.8.E.
The Hon. Jonny WitiiaAm Jaccer, M.L.A., F.R.Stat.S.
SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN
MUSEUM.
Lovis ALBERT PERINGUEY, D.Sc., F.Z.8., F.E.S., Director.
Sipney Henry Haveuton, B.A., F.G.S., Assistant Director.
ArtHurR Lewis Hatt, B.A., Keeper of the Geological and Mineralogical Collections.
Kerpret Harcourt Barnarp, M.A., F.L.S., Assistant in Charge of Fish and Marine
Invertebrate Collections.
RicHarD WILLIAM ErHEeLBerT Tucker, M.A., Assistant in Charge of Arthropoda
(Insects excluded).
Star GARABEDIAN, B.A. Assistant in Charge of Botanical Collections.
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.
C. P. ALEXANDER. PAGE
The Crane-flies of South Africa in the South African Museum ee
Tupulidae):- “Parti eas © ces oe eee: eee ee . 139
K. H. Barnarp.
Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. Part 6. Further
Additions to the List of Marine Isopoda. . . . . .... +. 319
T. EsBen-PETERSEN.
Two species of Bittacidae (Neuroptera) from South Africa . . . 187
New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa (Hphemerda:
Megaloptera and Hmibuidina), 2 2... « 2 --. 9% =» - sae, 409
South African WNeuroptera.= 2) 52) =) «) = gle cals tce COG
A. J. T. Jansn.
Description of an apparently undescribed Moth of the Family Lyman-
tridae (lepidoptera): 9. 2- © 9)
Polyhymno . ; : . 4
porphyreuta @Nepricals) ; 5 alg
praegemina (Acrocercops) . 5 iy
PROTOTHEORIDAE . : a wily
Prototheora . : . 6 5 ils)
PTEROPHORIDAE 1
Pterophorus . : . 2 oe
s
salaria (Epaleura) 5 : . 14
sandycopa (Epimactis)
sarcographa (Gelechia) : > o
SCYTHRIDAE
Seythris
Sindonophora
sinuosa (Spilonota)
Spilonota
alt
tetrasticta (Cr aaa
Thyestarcha .
Tinea :
TINEIDAE .
TORTRICIDAE
Trichoptilus .
triscelis (Gelechia)
Vv
viduus (‘Trichoptilus)
x
xanthosarca (Cryptolechia) .
XYLORYCTIDAE
Z
Zygographa .
wr wow
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Pea! ' ; & Si
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{ 23 )
2. South African Crustacea (Part IX. of S.A. Crustacea, for the
Marine Investigations in South Africa).—By the Rev. Tuomas
R. R. Sressine, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.8., Fellow of King’s
College, London, Hon. Memb. of New Zealand Inst., Hon. Fellow
Worcester College, Oxford.
(Plates I-VIII of Vol. XVII. Plates XC—XCVII of Crustacea.)
Or the eighteen species here considered, sixteen belong to the
Malacostraca and two to the parasitic Copepoda. Three of the
plates refer te species discussed in Part VIII of these Investigations,
and illustrations are offered of forms named by various authors in
cases where it seemed desirable by this means either to establish the
identification of the specimens concerned or to give experts a reason-
able opportunity of correcting it.
With regard to Philocheras megalocheir, described in Part VIII,
it is right to mention that Mr. Stanley Kemp in 1912 argued that
Pontophilus, Leach, and Philocheras were so connected by intermediate
species that Philocheras could not properly be separated from the
earlier Pontophilus. It is interesting to remember that for a long
time science was engaged in splitting up comprehensive genera such
as Cancer into an endless number of subdivisions.. Now, with the
discovery of links and gradations, there is a natural tendency to
reunite the severed parts.
24,
1857
1875
1880
1893
1910
1911
1916.
1873
1910
1910.
Annals of the South African Museum.
’ MALACOSTRACA.
Brachyura.
Trine OXYRRHYNCHA.
Famity INACHIDAHE.
Gen. ACHAEOPSIS, Stimpson.
. Achaeopsis, Stimpson, Pr. Ac. Sci. Philad., vol. 9, p. 219.
. Dorynchus, Norman Wyville-Thomson, Depths of the Sea,
p. 174, fig. 34.
. Lispognathus, A. Milne-Edwards, Crust. reg. Mexicaine, p. 349.
. Achaeopsis, Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb., vol. 7, p. 36.
. Achaeopsis and Dorynchus, Stebbing, in these Annals, vol. 6,
pt. 4, p. 285.
. Achaeopsis, Rathbun, Tr. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14, pt. 2,
p. 247.
Rathbun, Pr. U.S. Mus., vol. 50, p. 535.
Additional references for the united genera will be found in
these Annals for 1910. A. superciliaris, Ortmann, and the little
A. suluensis, Rathbun, seem to be closely related one to the
other, but well distinguished from other species by the large
median spine of the carapace.
”
AcCHAEOPSIS THOMSONI (Norman).
Plate XC.
. Dorynchus thomsoni, Norman, Depths of the Sea, p. 174, fig. 34.
Stebbing, Ann. 8S. Afr. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 4,
p- 286.
Achaeopsis thomsoni, Rathbun, Tr. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14,
pt. 2, p. 247.
7 9 >
Among many females laden with ova and smaller males the
specimen here figured was conspicuous by its chelipeds
strikingly larger than in any other specimen, and with the
palm very much longer than the fingers. In other respects
there appeared to be no trustworthy marks of difference to
justify the naming of a new species. The parallelism or
divergence of the horns of the rostrum is certainly a variable
character. All the specimens examined, of either sex, have the
strongly curved process on the ventral surface of the rostrum
1847.
1915.
1916.
1909.
1911.
South African Crustacea. 25
in front of the recesses for the first antennae. In the male the |
pleon is bent at the third (the widest) segment, so that the first
and second segments occupy a position nearly, if not quite, at
right angles with the last three segments. From the second
segment nearly to the end of the pleon “there is a raised central
lobe. In the,‘female this;lobe begins on the first segment,
which is the’ narrowest, while the fifth is the broadest, the sixth
also being very broad, the whole forming a capacious bowl for
the ova.
The male specimen here figured is about 24 mm. long by
17 mm. broad.
Locality. Vasco de Gama S. 75° E., 135 miles. Depth
166 fathoms. No. 248. Sent by Dr. Gilchrist.
Gen. HYASTENUS, White.
Hyastenus, White, Proc. Zool."Soc. London, p.’ 56.
Calman, Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 11, p. 313.
M. J. Rathbun, Proc. U.S. Mus., vol. 50, pp.
542-548.
Dr. Calman explains that it is Pisa aries, Latreille,;which has
been referred to Hyastenus, “not Halimus? aries, Latreille (in
Guérin), so that the supposed necessity for making Hyastenus
a synonym of Halimus does not arise.
29
99
HYASTENUS UNCIFER, Calman.
Hyastenus uncifer, Calman, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pp. 705,
(12; plo dz, figs26., 9:
Halimus uncifer, Mary J. Rathbun, Trans. Linn. Soc. London,
vol. 14, pt. 2, p. 252, pl. 20, fig. 7.
Both authors lay stress on the marginal teeth of the fingers
in the ambulatory legs as a distinctive feature. But Dr. de
Man in his description of Hyastenus hilgendorfi (J. Linn. Soc.
London, vol. 22, p. 18, 1887) says:, “ The ,dactylopodites are
armed with a row of acute spinules along their inner margins ;
these spinules gradually increase in length towards the tip.”
In the specimen which I am, referring to Calman’s species
these spinules were completely concealed until} the organism was
removed, which covered almost the whole of the upper surface
of the body and the fingers with a close, felt-like matting.
The skin when uncovered had a satiny, dull red appearance.
The horns measured along the inner margin are 21] mm. long,
the interval between the tips is 13 mm., and the length from
26
Annals of the South African Museum.
the middle of that interval to the base is 18mm. From that
base to the foremost median spine of the carapace the length
is 8mm., and thence to the hindmost slightly procurved spine
30 mm. Between the tips of the lateral strongly projecting
branchial spines the breadth is 36 mm., and between the bases
of those spines 26 mm. The breadth at the obscure eyes is
10mm. The length of the chelae (hand and finger) is 17 mm.,
of which the finger on the left takes 7 mm., the right finger
being slightly shorter. The finger of the fifth peraeopod is
8 mm. long.
The hindmost spine of the carapace is preceded at a distance
of 10 mm. not by another spine or tubercle, but by a very
prominent swelling.
The terminal segment of the narrow tuberculate pleon of this
male specimen is triangular with the tip slightly truncate.
Calman states that ‘the basal antennal segment has a sharp
spine at the antero-external angle.’ In clearing the coat of the
present specimen I may have removed this spine. I cannot
certify its presence. Unless the hypothesis be admitted that the
relative lengths of horns and spines are subject to much varia-
tion, a new species might have to be coined for the specimen
here described.
Locality. Umsunduzi River, Pietermaritzburg. No. 228.
MACRURA ANOMALA.
Trinr GALATHEIDEA.
Famiry GALATHEIDAE.
Gen. GALATHEA, Fabricius.
For these systematic divisions see the General Catalogue in these
Annals, vol. 6, pt. 4, pp. 349, 360, 362.
1851.
1888.
1894.
1900.
GALATHEA INTERMEDIA, Liljeborg.
Galathea intermedia, Liljeborg, Ofvers. Vet. Akad. ForhandL, p. 21.
+ , Bonnier, Contrib. Faune Marine de Wime-
reux, p. 44.
* re A. M.-Edwards et Bouvier, Camp. Sci.
Monaco, Fase. 7, pt. 1, pp. 79, 81, pl. 8,
figs. 1-10.
5 3 A. M.-Edwards et Bouvier, Crust. Décap.
Travailleur et Talisman, p. 277.
South African Crustacea. 27
The late Monsieur Jules Bonnier has given (loc. cit.) an elabo-
rate bibliography of this small species. The specimen which I
now assign to it was without the first and second peraeopods,
and the third and fourth, though present on one side, were only
in a state of recuperation. It was otherwise in good condition
and probably adult, the carapace being 8 mm. long, therefore
near to the size of 9 mm., which Bonnier gives as its measure-
ment in an adult male. There are some slight differences in
detail. Behind the rostral region on the median line of the
carapace Bonnier gives only a couple of spinules placed trans-
versely. In the African specimen there are four. The eyes are
rather stouter. In the first antennae the two sharp prolonga-
tions of the characteristic basal joint have each below the apex
a long spine which reaches well beyond the apex of the prolonga-
tion, in place of the seta which in Bonnier’s figure does not reach
the apex. Bonnier finds the telson divided into two symmetrical
halves by the distal groove. The African specimen shows a slight
inequality in the two lobes. ‘These small variations, apart
from possible differences in the missing peraeopods, can have
no specific importance, since the mouth-organs as well as the size
and superficial details all conform to the northern standard.
Locality. Seal Island, W.S.W. (Mossel Bay). No. 238.
MACRURA GENUINA.
Trisg THALASSINIDEA.
Famity AXIIDAE.
Gen. CALOCARIS, Bell.
Catocaris aLcocki, McArdle.
Plate XCI.
(The discussion of this species appeared last year (1915) in these
Annals, vol. 15, pt. 2, p. 59.)
Trine ERYONIDEA.
(See General Catalogue of S.A. Crustacea, p. 377.)
Famity ERYONIDAE.
1910. Eryonidae, Stebbing, Ann. S.A. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 4, p. oie
1914, is Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1, p. 8.
1916. <= de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a’, p. 1.
1862.
1912.
1914.
1916.
1908.
1910.
Annals of the South African Museum.
Dr. de Man now assigns to this family the genera Polycheles,
Heller, 1862, Willemoesia, Grote, 1873, Eryoneicus, Bate, 1882,
Stereomastis, Bate, 1888, and gives lists of all the species to
be apportioned to these genera respectively. He considers that
Aleock was right in distinguishing the two groups which he
named Polycheles and Pentacheles, but that his Polycheles
should properly be identified with Bate’s Stereomastis and that
Pentacheles, Bate, 1878, should lapse as a synonym of Heller’s
Polycheles.
Gen. POLYCHELES, Heller.
Polycheles, Heller, Sitz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 45, p. 389.
_ (part), Kemp and Sewell, Records Indian Mus.,
vol. 7, pt. 1, no. 2, p. 23.
P 4 Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1,
ps 2:
x de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a’, p. 1.
As characters for the genus Dr. de Man proposes the follow-
ing: The thoracic legs, except the last pair, provided with
epipods, normal but varying in length; the epipod of the third
maxillipeds also of variable size, but, so far as known, rudi-
mentary only in P. tanneri, Faxon; the lateral borders of the
carapace commonly armed with more than twenty spines, except
in the small and probably juvenile form, P. obscurus (Bate) ;
the median dorsal carina of the carapace usually double, granu-
lated, rarely nodulated, and in most cases presenting no definite
small number of spines, being often traversed by bead-like
tubercles or granulations or covered with crowded spinules ;
the first abdominal tergum, finally, is probably never armed
with the two small spines at and near the outer ends of the
anterior border, that generally occur in the species of Stereo-
mastis.
POLYCHELES DEMANI, 0. sp.
Plate XCII.
Polycheles beaumontii (?), Stebbing, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 6,
pt. 1, p. 25.
% is (?), Stebbing, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 6,
pt. 4, p. 377.
In naming this species after my friend Dr. de Man I now
accept the opinion expressed in his latest very valuable work,
South African Crustacea. 29
in which he agrees with the late Mr. C. M. Selbie, that this
form is distinct from Alcock’s P. beawmontii and the P. granu-
latus, Faxon, In common with Miss Rathbun, those authors
regard P. beawmontii as a synonym of Faxon’s species.
In 1908 I gave some particulars of a male and of a female
specimen, both taken in localities near to that from which the
female now figured was obtained. The measurements are very
similar, the length from the base of the rostral spines to apex
of telson being 130 mm.; but from the foremost lateral spine
to a point parallel with the tip of the telson the interval is
138 mm.; greatest breadth of carapace 51 mm.; the length of
the telson detached is 26 mm. The longer flagellum of the first
antenna measured 78 mm., its companion about 22 mm.; the
flagellum of the second antenna was 70 mm. long.
The lateral teeth of the carapace form sets of 7, 4, and 20
or 21: at the base of the rostral pair there is a small unpaired
denticle; in various parts of the surface there are small teeth
some of which show a symmetrical arrangement, but for many
this is doubtful, because of the short pubescence which conceals
them. This dark felt puts the carapace in strong contrast with
the smooth polished pleon. Of this the first four segments have
each a small forward-pointing carinal tooth, the fifth a carinal
elevation, while the sixth is quite devoid of a carina. The telson
has a pair of converging ridges, distant both from the base and
the apex.
The third maxillipeds have a well-developed, but slender, epipod.
In the first peraeopods the third joint is 24 mm. long, the
fourth 43 mm., the fifth 30 mm., the sixth 50 mm., and the
finger 25 mm. The denticles on the distal half of the fourth
joint are in this specimen very small, successively diminishing.
In the fifth peraeopods the fifth and sixth joints and the finger
are longitudinally carinate, with long setae springing from the
carina; the process of the sixth joint is feebly carinate, and its
tip meets that of the finger.
Numerous small ova were attached to the pleopods of this
specimen.
Locality. Cape Point Lighthouse approx. NE. 40 miles;
depth 560-700 fathoms. No. 182.
Gren. STEREOMASTIS, Bate.
1888. Stereomastis, Bate, Rep. Voy. Challenger, vol. 24, pp. x, 154.
30
1901.
1902.
1908.
1910.
1912.
1914.
1916.
1884.
1908.
1916.
Annals of the South African Musewm.
Polycheles, Alcock (not Heller), Catal. Indian Deep-sea Crus-
tacea, Macrura and Anomala, p. 166.
s Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 2, p. 35.
3 (part), Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 4, p. 25.
iy ,, Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 5, p. 377.
s » Kemp and Sewell, Records Indian Mus.,
vol. 7, pt. 1, no. 2, p. 28.
a ,, Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1,
p- 9.
Stereomastis, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a’, p. 1.
For assigning species to this genus de Man gives the follow-
ing characters: The lateral margins of the carapace are con-
stantly armed with fewer than 20 spines; the median dorsal
ridge of the carapace carries a definite number of 4 to 7 spines,
the outer angles of the anterior border of the first pleon seg-
ment have 2 spines in all the known species except Stereomastis
ceratus (Alcock), and the epipod of the third maxillipeds is
rudimentary, while on the thoracic legs it is a membranous
expansion of the base of the podobranch.
Consequently the species which in 1902 I called Polycheles
sculptus, S. I. Smith, should now be named Stereomastis
sculptus (Smith). In the general catalogue of S.A. Crustacea,
p- 377, 1910, by a misprint the Museum number for this species
is given as 182, instead of 152, the former number belonging to
the new species of Polycheles here described.
STEREOMASTIS NANUS (S. I. Smith).
Pentacheles nanus, Smith, Rep. U.S. Mus., Fish. Comm. for
1882, p. 359.
Polycheles nanus, Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 4, p. 27.
Stereomastis nana, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a”, pp. 2, 4, 20
Having now examined and in part dissected a specimen little
more than an inch in length, with the pleon in good condition,
and the other parts fairly so, I do not hesitate to assign it to
this species. But the third, fourth, and fifth pleon-segments
have the large recurved carinal teeth each surmounted by a little
denticle, which is not shown in figures of this species or of the
very similar S. andamanensis (Alcock).
Locality. Table Mountain N. 79 E., distant 40 miles. Depth
250 fathoms. No. 70.
Mr. Selbie in 1914 describes and figures Polycheles nanus
(Smith), var. Grimaldii, Bouvier.
Tot
1915.
1882.
THO:
1882.
1908.
1910.
South African Crustacea. 31
Tripe PHNAEKIDEA.
Faminy PENAEKIDAE.
See General Catalogue of 8.A. Crustacea, p. 379, and add
Penaeidae, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a, pt. 1, p. 1.
a Kemp, Mem. Indian Mus., vol. 5, p. 316.
Gren. AMALOPENAREDS, S. I. Smith.
Amalopenaeus, Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 10, p. 86.
<, Kemp, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., p. 13.
For references to Gennadas, Bate, with which this genus has
been by many authors considered synonymous, see Trans. R.
Soe. Edinburgh, vol. 50, pt. 2, p. 282, 1914.
AMALOPENAEUS ELEGANS, S. I. Smith.
Amalopenaeus elegans, Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 10,
p. 87, pl. 14, figs. 8-14, pl. 15, figs. 1-5.
Gennadas elegans, Bouvier, Rés. Comp. Sci. Monaco, fase. 33,
P80, plid
Amalopenaeus elegans, Kemp, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest.,
p. 14, pl. 1, figs. 1-16.
This attractive species has been amply illustrated by the
three authors above mentioned, and also by Lo Bianco and
Riggio, whose figures I have not seen. The length appears rarely
to exceed 30 mm., but Kemp mentions a specimen of 38 mm.
The South African specimen is 33°5 mm. long. After 16 years
in formalin there are still spots of a rich blue on the first four
pairs of peraeopods, some less vivid on the first antennae, pur-
plish on the stalks of the golden yellow eyes, with the mouth
organs darkly red and the carapace covering a lighter red sub-
stance, its own rostrum and probably all the rest of it being
pellucid.
Locality. Cape Point Lighthouse S. 83° E., 353 miles.
Depth 360 fathoms. No. 66.
Grn. PENAEUS, J. C. Fabricius.
(For references see South African Crustacea in these Annals, in the
years 1910, 1914, 1915.)
Annals of the South African Museum.
PENAEUS INDIcUS, Milne Edwards.
Penaeusindicus, Milne Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crustacés,vol. 2, p-415.
Peneus indicus, Alcock, Catal. Indian Macrura, p. 12, pl. 1b
figs. 3, 3a (with synonymy).
Penaeus indicus, Kemp, Mem. Indian Mus., vol. 5, p. 319.
The specimens which I refer to this species have a thelyeum
corresponding with that which Bate figures in the Ann. Nat.
Hist., ser. 5, vol. 8, pl. 12, fig. 5 vp., 1881. They are far
smaller than the length of about 6 in. with which Milne
Edwards, or 8 in. with which Aleock, credits the species, one of
them having a total of 64 mm., the other of about 60 mm., in
the former the carapace being 43°5 mm. long, in the latter
39 mm. ‘The larger specimen has 7 dorsal teeth on the rostral
carina, the seventh very far from the apex, the ventral teeth
being 5 in number. In the other case there are 8 dorsal teeth
and only 3 widely spaced ventral. In each case 3 of the teeth
are behind the base of the eye-stalk. The characters answer to
Alcock’s statement, “This is an extremely variable species,
especially in respect of the length of the rostrum, which in
young individuals projects far bevond the tip of the antennal
scales, whereas in adults it is often not longer than that of
P.monodon.” In 1888 Spence Bate retains the species, but is
inclined to believe it an over-toothed variety of P. monodon, with
which he further identifies P. semisulcatus, de Haan. In 1892
de Man described and figured a variety longirostris, which he
retains in his “ Siboga ” treatise, 1911-1913.
Our specimens have the fifth and sixth pleon segments
carinate, the sixth of the same length as the telson, which is
longitudinally suleate, acute at the apex, the sides setose but
without spines. In the smaller specimen the flagella of the first
antennae were 18 mm. long, but the flagellum of the second
antenna 140 mm., thus more than twice the length of the body.
The third peraeopod reached the extremity of the scale of the
second antenna, the fifth is longer than the fourth.
Locality. Umgeni River, Durban. Xe - ) 7 . ‘ a. : _) I : 7 Y : > a
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Achaeopsis
Achtheinus
africanus (Solenocera), pl. xcilll A
agassizii (Solenocera) .
aleocki (Calocaris), pl. xci
alderii (Metopa)
Amalopenaeus
Amphipoda
andamanensis (Stereomastis)
armatus (Lepidopus)
armatus (Perissopus)
armatus noneepe)
Axiidae . :
beaumontii (Polycheles)
brachytelsonis (Acanthephyra),
pl. xciv
Brachyura
Caligidae
Calocaris
Caridea .
ceratus (Stereomastis) .
Cirolana.
comatus (Solenocera)
Copepoda
eranchii (Cirolana)
demani (Polycheles), pl. xcii
dentatus (Achtheinus), pl. xcvii
dentatus (Perissopus) .
Dorynchus
elegans (Amalopenaeus)
elegans (Gennadas)
Entomostraca
Eryonidae
Eryonidea_ .
Eurydicidae .
Flabellifera
Galathea
Galatheidae 5
Galatheidea . >
(45 )
INDEX
PAGE e
35 | Gammaridea .
24 | Gennadas
40 | Gnathophausia
32 | granulatus (Polycheles)
33
27 | Halimus :
39 | hilgendorfi (Hyastenus)
31 Hyastenus
38
30 | Ichnopus
40 | Inachidae
41 | indicus (Penaeus) |
41 | indicus (Peneus) .
27 | intermedia (Galathea) |
Isopoda ;
28 |
| Leander
35 | Lepidopus
24 | Lernaeenicus
| Lernaeidae
49 | Lernaeonicus
27 | Lerneaenicus
34 | Lispognathus
39 ©» Lophogastridae
37 | lugubris (Pandarus)
33 | Lysianassidae
oy macrobetomma (Ichnopus), pl.
xcviA ; :
28 Macrura anomala .
Al | Macrura genuina .
40 | Malacostraca
O14, medusaeus (Lernaeenicus) .
= medusaeus (Lerneaenicus) .
} megalocheir (Philocheras)
31 | melantho (Solenocera)
31 Metopa . :
20 Metopidae
Z { | monodon (Penaeus)
a Mysidacea
nana (Stereomastis)
37 | nanus (Pentacheles)
nanus (Polycheles)
26 | nanus (Stereomastis)
26 | Nematocarcinidae .
26 | Nematocarcinus
46
oblongus (Achtheinus)
obscurus (Polycheles) .
Oplophoridae
Oxyrrhyncha
pacificus (Leander), pl. xciii B
Palaemonidae : : :
Pandarus
parvidentatus (Nematocarcinus),
pl. xcv
parvus (Cirolana) .
Penaeidae
Penaeidea
Penaeus
Pentacheles . .
peringueyi (Leander) .
Perissopus
Pholidopus
Polycheles
rotundus (Metopa), pl. xcvi B
sarsil eek
Schizopoda .
sculptus (Polycheles) .
Index.
41 | sculptus (Stereomastis)
28 | semisulcatus (Penaeus)
35 | serricrus (Ichnopus)*
24 | siphonoceros Nears
Solenocera
34 | spinicornis (Ichnopus) .
34 | Stereomastis .
40 | suluensis (Achaeopsis) .
superciliaris (Achaeopsis)
35
37 | tanneri (Polycheles)
31 | taurus (Ichnopus)
31 | Thalassinidea :
31 | thomsoni (Achaeopsis), pl. xe
28 | thomsoni (Dorynchus)
35
40 | uncifer (Halimus)
a uncifer (Hyastenus)
39 vicina (Cirolana) .
36 | willemoesii (Gnathophausia)
36
30 | zoea (Gnathophausia) .
36
* Mr. K. H. Barnard, Ann. S.A.M., vol. xv., p. 123, identifies this species with
I. taurus (Costa).
HXPLANATION OF PLATES.
Puate I. (Crustacea, Plate XC.)
Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman).
n.s. Dorsal view of a male specimen, natural size, showing the left cheliped
and last two ambulatory legs in position ; the right cheliped detached,
its fixed finger broken; the other limbs missing. Parts of the cara-
pace magnified, in ventral aspect, are shown in the median line, and a
lateral view on the right shows the eye, the first and second antennae,
and the rostrum with its strongly curved ventral process.
Pl. The pleon flattened out.
The remaining figures are from a female specimen.
m. 9, mx. 1, 9. The mandible and first maxilla, the latter with further
magnification.
mx. 2, 9,mxp.1, 2. The second maxilla and first maxilliped, uniform with
higher magnification of first maxilla.
mxp. 2, 9, mxp. 3, 2. Second and third maxillipeds, magnified to the same
scale as the mandible.
Crustacea Plate XC.
Plate [.
Ann. S.Afr. Mus. Vol XVII.
Adlard & West Newman bth
Del. T-R-R.Steboing.
ACHE OPSIS THOMSONTI (Norman )
- - '
i ad =
r a *
: ‘
i
‘
a
-
a i e
; I
i = ag a
*
¥ A
- =
*y
’ 7
' '
see » ;
i , f
' : ee o*
Ps
>
6 7 L?
'
i be a , ?
‘y
aT
1
+
iY !
- = ‘ -
.
v5
rv 7
.
'
. ”
j
4 7 i
‘
7 a
- ri
7 °
7 it
Puats II. (Crustacea, Plate XCI.)
Calocaris alcocki, McArdle.
n.s. Specimen in lateral view, natural size; fourth peraeopod missing on that
side, as also flagellum of second antenna and one of the flagella of
the first.
car. Dorsal view of carapace much enlarged, with first antenna on the left,
second on the right, both imperfect ; eyes partially seen.
T., urp. Telson in dorsal view, and one of the uropods.
m.,mp. One of the mandibles and palp of the other.
Li., mx. 1, mx. 2, mxp. 1, mxp. 2. Lower lip, first and second maxillae, first
and second maxillipeds.
mxp. 8, prp. 5, plp. 1, plp. 2, plp. 5. ‘Third maxilliped, fifth peraeopod, first,
second, and fifth pleopods. For considerations of space these parts are
less highly magnified than the others, except in regard to the extra
figures showing the dentate margin in the third maxilliped and the
peculiar apical joints of the first and second pleopods.
Crustacea Plate XCI.
Plate Il.
Ann.S.Afr.Mus.VolL XVII.
ewman, hth
tN
Adlard’& West
CALOCARIS ALCOCK, ME Ardle.
Del. TRRStebding.
Puatse III. (Crustacea, Plate XCII.)
Polycheles demani, n. sp.
n.s. Female specimen in dorsal view, natural size; flagella of the antennae
curtailed by want of space, the frontal and telsonic parts slightly
fore-shortened, the epimeral parts of the pleon a little expanded from
their natural aspect.
th. Thelycum.
'’. The telson. This and all the other separate parts of natural size, except
the terminal part of the fifth peraeopod.
mxp. 1, 2,3. First, second, and third maxillipeds.
prp. l. First peraeopod, the chela detached, for considerations of space.
prp. 5. Fifth peraeopod on the right, with terminal portion on the left
magnified,
plp. 2. Second pleopod.
ustaceaPlate XCIL.
=
ws
Plate II.
Ann.S.Afr.Mus -Vol.XVIL.
—
Adlard & Weet,Newman Lth
POLYCHELES DEMANT, 7n.sp
Del. TRR.Stebbing.
: a Cid _ ae 7 7
i, ae : v = x = _ i ; -
a ‘ SS 7 = “ we ie
7 ’ 2 7 ae om
i ae | :
on : : ;
st a as aa oe.
: =
= a o> if i |
; ' 7 7 5 :
+ ao -
- ’ “s
.
2 - - - _ 7 ee i -
ris we By Ae en -_ - o 7 * 4 J
: ia > vs 7 . af ; _
‘A a aa th : 1 a a :
FS ieee ee 7
= = : _ ‘ o : ae
oa a S ~ 7. _ = 7
7 « ca aw i :
i ; : x - 7
v1] _— i a a a mae - We Ay 2
] : at Soe i] Te i 7 - 7
: Fi a "04. SUPA
_ Z _ al
: 7 ae _= y er) a
, 7 > : _ : >
(hz, - 7 : = u : 7
> id rs — 2 a ¥ oe
7 - J - 7
: a) 7 i
: 7 ad
. ” bf > 7
ee | ' 7
1 -
- ' ‘ ” ;
: : .
= ‘
7 i. 7
= a. oy & 7
: ;
7 ‘
ri : 7 7 =
7
SS iy
: 7 — =
- “ wi
i 7 a
7 7 a a
Ao * _— , uv
- Whee on
i.
7 : 8
a a
: - sen 7
a : = ;
y —_ ; mos _—
‘a = ~ ia! | As ;
2 ~ ra ;
PuatE IVs. (Crustacea, Plate XCIIIB.)
Leander pacificus, Stimpson.
n.s. Specimen in lateral view represented of the natural size.
r. The rostrum and adjoining part of carapace magnified.
oc. One of the eyes.
T., urp. Telson and uropod in dorsal aspect to the same scale as the rostrum,
with additional magnification of the end of the telson.
m.m. Parts of the mandibles on the higher scale.
mx. 1, mx. 2. First and second maxillae, on the same scale as the mandibles,
with apex of first maxilla more highly enlarged.
CrustaceaPlate XCII
Plate IV.
Ann.S.Afr.Mizs VolLAXVIL.
Adlacd &West,Newman lth
LEANDER PACIFICUS ,Stimpson.
SOLENOCERA AFRICANUS,7-sp
Del. TRR.Stebbi
a
~e
ay ap
~
Py SP on
'
Puate V. (Crustacea, Plate XCIV.)
Acanthephyra brachytelsonis, Bate.
ear. Rostrum and front of carapace in lateral view enlarged.
T. Telson in dorsal view, enlargement uniform with that of the carapace.
ai. Apical portion of the scale of the second antennae, without its fringing
setae, magnified to the same scale as the following figures.
m.m. ‘The mandibles from the inner or upper surface.
mx. 1, mx. 2. First and second maxillae with one of the spiculate setae of
the first more magnified.
mxp. 1, mxp. 2. |irst and second maxillipeds.
mxp. 3. Antepenultimate joint of the third maxillipeds.
Plate V.
Grustacea Plate XCIV.
Adlard &West,Newman, hth.
YS
\,*
\ \ a
Ay |
\\!
age al
ACANTHEPHYRA BRACHYTELSONTS. Bate.
Py = . ~ . a
ee MT K
ALE
POLE” ee ay
OLA LEG
Ann.S. Afr. Mus.Vol. XVI.
Del. TRR.Stebbing.
Puate VI. (Crustacea, Plate XCV.)
Nematocarcinus parvidentatus, Bate.
car. Part of carapace in lateral view, on a lower scale of enlargement than
other parts.
T. Telson in dorsal view, with higher magnification of the spiniferous part.
ai. Apical part of the scale of the second antenna.
m. One of the mandibles.
mx. 1,mx. 2. The apical plate of the first maxilla and the corresponding part
of the second.
mxp. 1, mxp. 2, mxp. 3. The first, second, and third maxillipeds, the third on
account of its great length less highly magnified than the other mouth
organs, but the terminal spine more highly instead of less.
plp. 1, plp. 2. The first and second pleopods, the second with higher magni-
fication of the male appendage and retinaculum.
urp. One of the uropods.
Crustacea Plate XCV.
Plate VI.
Ann. 5.Afr. Mus.VolL XVI.
po OMAK META MT OMAELDESES LLL,
a a
Roy
ae
a 2.
a ae RT
fot va we
/ Vee
ag i
/
SS
-
on"
Seder
SE
“Adlard & West,Neveman.lith.
NEMATOCARCINUS PARVIDENTATUS, Bate.
Del. TRR.Stebbimg :
rae ay
oy
eu
>
Puare VIIa. (Crustacea, Plate XCVIa.)
Ichnopus macrobetomma, n. sp.
n.s. Line showing actual length from head to third pleon segment across the
bent specimen, as shown in the adjoining figure.
a.s., al, First and second antennae, the flagella only in part.
m.,mxp. One mandible and half the maxillipeds.
en. 1, gn. 2. The first and second gnathopods, with higher magnification of
the finger of the first, of the hand and finger of the second.
urp, T. Third uropod, with tip of exopod more highly magnified, and dorsal
view of the telson.
Puate VIIz. (Crustacea. Plate XCVIz.)
Metopa rotundus, n. sp.
n.s. Line indicating natural size, measured round from head to third pleon-
segment of the female specimen shown in lateral view.
a.s,a.i. First and second antennae.
l.s..m. Upper lip and mandible (the palp broken).
en. 1, gn. 2. First and second gnathopods, with distal parts more highly
magnified.
prps. 2, 3,5. Second, third, and fifth peraeopods (basal joint of fifth imper-
fect), sixth and seventh joints of second more highly magnified.
urps. 1, 2, 3, T. The three uropods and the telson, the latter upturned in
lateral view.
The gnathopods and peraeopods (except the extra enlargements) are on a
lower scale than the other details.
Crustacea Plate XCVI.
Plate VII.
Ann.S.AfrMus.Vol. XVI.
SS SL I) aes a eg
Corr: >h
Adlard &West,Newman lith
METOPA ROTUNDUS 7.sp.
Del. T.RR.Stedbing.
ICHNOPUS MACROBETOMMA,7usp
:
aah
Pr lt ‘ |
eer
a
-
Pratt VIII. (Crustacea, Plate XCVII.)
Achtheinus dentatus, Wilson.
ns. 2. Line indicating natural size of female specimen shown in dorsal view,
with ege-strings incomplete. The following parts, in the upper half
of the plate, of uniform magnification on a higher scale, were taken
from the same specimen (except d.l.).
a.i. Second antenna.
mx. 2. Second maxilla.
ped. 1, 2, 3,4. First, second, third, and fourth feet, the expanded segment of
the third and of the fourth incomplete.
a.l. Anal laminae.
d.l. Dorsal laminae, from a different specimen, detached from the carapace
to show the small lateral laminae “covering the bases of the second
legs” (Wilson), in connexion with the two following pairs of
foliaceous laminae.
ns. ¢,n.s. 9. Lines indicating natural size of male specimen shown in dorsal
view, and of the female specimen to which it was attached. The
following figures, uniform in magnification with the details of the
female, are taken from the male.
a.s.,a.i. First antenna in position, and second antenna.
m., mx. 1. Mouth-tube, with first maxillae and mandibles, the latter with
additional magnification.
mxp. Part of maxilliped.
ped. 1, ped. 3, ped. The first and third feet, and a foot which is probably the
fourth.
Crustacea Plate XCVII.
Plate VIII.
sans Afr.Mus Vol XVI.
a ae)
@
‘ — aa ~~
x = EOVDHDWANUPITIII//SODIEAS TAL Leay
ae CNT
ade
\ fa
RR Fae he
Se
SEDANLATRDLSTNN IB?
ped.3
Adlacd & West,Newman lith
ACHTHEINUS DENTATUS, Wusoz7.
Del TRR.Stebbing
®
( 47 )
3.—New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum.—
By Lovis B. Prout, F.E.S.*
Sup-Fam. HEMITHEINARH.
Gren. ALLOCHLORODHS, gen. nov.
Face smooth. Palpus very short, 2nd joint shortly rough-scaled
beneath. ‘Tongue vestigial. Antennain ¢ less than one-half forewing,
bipectinate to near apex with rather short branches (in 2 merely
serrate? ). Pectus somewhat hairy. Femora glabrous. Hindtibia
in ¢ not dilated, with terminal spurs only. Abdomen not crested
Wings with scaling opaque, not glossy. Frenulum wanting.
Forewing with costa straight except close to base and apex, termen
smooth, oblique, gently curved, tornus not very pronounced ; cell about
one-half, DC* deeply incurved, SC! from cell, anastomosing with C,
SC? shortly stalked with SC*°, rather steep, anastomosing strongly
with SC!, R? from much before middle of DC, M! widely separate
from R*.—Hindwing with costa long, apex rounded, termen smooth,
moderately convex, straighter posteriorly, tornus moderate; cell one-
half, DC* incurved, becoming oblique, C anastomosing with SC to
scarcely one-half cell, SC? stalked, R? from well before middle of DC,
M' rather widely separate.
Type of the genus: Allochlorodes elpis, sp. nov.
May be placed between Allochrostes Prout and Xenochlorodes
Warr., having nearly the subcostal venation of the latter, the separation
of M' even wider than in the former, with which the palpus nearly
agrees. The anastomosis of C of the hindwing is much less strong
than in either, and the shape and facies more suggest the Omphax
group.
1, ALLOCHLORODES ELPIS, sp. nov.
gS. 27mm. Face, palpus and upper and inner sides of fore and
middle legs rufous. Vertex and antennal shaft white. Occiput and
thorax above green. Body and legs otherwise dirty white.
* The types are in the South African Museum.
Ay
48 Annals of the South African Museum.
Forewing green, apparently nearly as in Xenochlorodes beryllaria
Mann (a little faded); a single white line, interrupted between the
veins and apparently not reaching costal margin, at R! scarcely 2 mm.
distant from termen, more oblique than termen and very gently
curving, reaching hindmargin just over 3 mm. from tornus; dots on
veins, very slightly darker than ground-colour, accompanying this line
proximally.— Hindwing white, with faint tinge of green.—Forewing
beneath paler green, posteriorly whitish, base of costa reddish ; hind-
wing beneath as above.
Cape, Kalk Bay, April, 1904 (R. M. Lightfoot).
A very worn 2, Clanwilliam, October, 1901 (Mrs. Marchant),
seems also to belong here, rather smaller, slightly narrower, C of hind-
wing anastomosing still more shortly than in ¢.
Susp-Fam. STERRHINAE.
Gen. SCOPULA Schrank.*
2. ScoPULA FLEXIO, Sp. nov.
?. 23-25mm. Face and palpus reddish brown. Vertex white.
Collar ochreous brown. Thorax and abdomen dirty white; fore and
middle legs more mixed with brownish.
Forewing not very broad, costa somewhat shouldered at base, apex
pronounced, termen oblique, nearly straight, at tornus curved ; white,
in places (especially in median area) with coarse but rather sparse
fuscous dusting ; lines brown, irrorated with fuscous ; antemedian fine,
from before one-third costa, very acutely angulated outward in cell,
then very oblique inward to one-fourth hindmargin, sometimes
slightly sinuous; median thicker, from costa much beyond middle,
slightly out-bent subcostally, then almost straight to hindmargin
slightly beyond middle; postmedian from costa rather near apex, on
the veins dentate outward and marked with fuscous dots, between
R! and R8 incurved, behind M? more feebly incurved; a pure white
line distally to this; subterminal line quite near termen, white,
almost straight, bounded proximally and distally by a narrow brown-
grey shade; terminal interneural dots strong, slightly elongate.—
Hindwing with costal margin long, apex rounded ; SC? and R! connate;
white, with feeble indications of median and postmedian lines and
* Acidalia Tr., nom. praeoce.
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 49
double subterminal shade ; terminal dots weaker than on forewing.—
Both wings beneath (especially hindwing) feebly marked, forewing
slightly suffused in proximal half ; fringe of forewing more noticeably
brown-tipped than above.
Cape, Dunbrody, January, 1914 (Rev. A. Vogt), type; September,
1913, paratype in coll. L. B. Prout.
Will certainly belong to the sub-genus Pylarge H.-Sch. (¢ hindleg
with terminal spurs). Distinguished from picta Warr. (Nov. Zool.
iv, 62), and its ab. fulvilinea Warr.) (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. x, 483),
which share with it the brown face, by the flexuous postmedian line.
A good deal larger than @ picta.
3. SCOPULA TENUISCRIPTA, Sp. NOv.
3. 25mm. Face and palpus blackish. Vertex and antennal shaft
white (antennae broken). Collar ochreous. Thorax and abdomen
whitish, slightly irrorated with light brown. Legs ochreous to whitish,
the forecoxa fuscous in front; hindtibia without spurs, but not
dilated ; hindtarsus very slightly longer than tibia.
Forewing with apex pointed, termen fairly straight, oblique, very
slightly more so in posterior half than in anterior; creamy white,
slightly more ochreous at costal edge, irroration light brown, very fine
and sparse; lines brown, very fine; antemedian oblique, almost
obsolete; median beyond the cell-spot, oblique outward at first,
strongly bent about SC°—R', then oblique inward, almost obsolete ;
postmedian from nearly four-fifths costa, excurved at first, then nearly
parallel with termen, slightly sinuate inward between the radials ; discal
dot small, black; terminal line very fine, brown, marked except in
its posterior part with small black interneural dots; fringe somewhat
irrorated and very feebly spotted.—Hindwing with termen angled at
R3; without antemedian line; median almost crossing cell-dot, but
escaping it by a slight bend inwards at this point; postmedian faint
anteriorly, slightly excurved, but not angled in middle, oblique outward
from fold to abdominal margin ; terminal black dots less sharp than
in forewing.—Forewing beneath, except from hindmargin to fold, more
ochreous, proximally with very slight smoky suffusions ; first line
wanting, cell-dot minute, terminal dots obsolete, the rest as above.
Hindwing beneath slightly more ochreous-tinged than above, without
median line, postmedian nearer termen, more crenulate, especially in
middle part.
Transvaal, Barberton, June, 1912 (H. Edwards).
50 Annals of the South African Museum.
Gen. PTYCHOPODA Steph.
4, PrYCHOPODA LIPARA, Sp. NOV.
Q. 27mm. Face and upperside of palpus black. Vertex and
antenna whitish. Collar light brown. Thorax, abdomen, and legs
concolorous with wings, forefemur and foretibia partly darkened.
Abdomen robust.
Forewing rather broad, costa slightly arched, apex not acute;
glossy, pale ochreous-grey, with slight fleshy tinge (less reddish than
in eugeniata Mill., nearly as in deeply coloured examples of sylves-
traria Hb. = straminata Tr.), the dark irroration red-brown, sparse
and very fine; first line obsolete; discal mark sharp, shghtly longer
than broad; median shade slender, brownish, not strong, well distal
to the cell-mark, incurved between M! and SM?; postmedian line
indicated by a slightly sinuous row of vein-dots, as in eugeniata Mull. ;
subterminal line very faintly indicated by a slight (almost inappreci-
able) darkening of the rest of the distal area; fringe with small but
sharp proximal dots at veim-ends.—Hindwing with termen smooth,
even ; as forewing, with discal dot not elongate, median shade here
vague, apparently bending closely round it on the proximal side.
Forewing beneath similar, at hindmargin paler; hindwing more
whitish, with discal dot slightly elongate, postmedian line of dots and
those of fringe feeble.
Natal, Durban, January, 1908 (G. F. Leigh).
This may be rather near oranaria Bang-Haas (Iris, xx, 79, t. 3,
p- 16), from 8. Oran, which is only known to me from the description
and figure, but the new species is rather larger, ampler-winged
(forewing rather more rounded), less reddish in tone, more weakly
dusted.
Gen. PALAEASPILATES Warr.
5. PALAEASPILATES MANSUETA, Sp. Nov.
¢- 84mm. Differs from the only hitherto known species, inoffensa
Warr. (Nov. Zool., i, 370), as follows: Forewing with costal margin
straighter in middle, apex less pointed, termen not sinuous in
anterior half; colour paler, light yellow-grey, the irroration very fine,
postmedian row of dots developed throughout, almost parallel with
termen (at 2 to 2°5 mm.), the dark line or shade which accompanies it
in inoffensa almost entirely obsolete —Hindwing with the feeble post-
median line (slightly better developed on the underside) also nearly
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 51
parallel with and much nearer to the termen (2 mm. distant at apex,
3mm. in middle). The discal dots are larger than in most inoffensa
and that of the hindwing rather better developed ; but this character
varies in inoffensa.
Cape, Bushmanland, 1896 (G. Alston).
Sus-Fam. LARENTIINAE.
Gen. ORTHOLITHA Hibn.
6. ORTHOLITHA PERINGUEYI, sp. nov.
¢ 2. 382mm. Head and thorax dirty white, mottled with brown
and fuscous; palpus with little white except on the first joint.
Antennal pectinations 3-4 times as long as diameter of shaft. Abdo-
men grey-brown, more variegated beneath than above.
Wings glossy.—Forewing white, the ground-colour almost entirely
obscured by irroration and mottlings of fuscous and light brown,
chiefly remaining as fine edgings to the basal and median areas, inter-
rupted traces of other transverse lines and some spots and vein-streaks
in median area ; middle of costa sometimes noticeably pale; a narrow
brown band about 2 mm. from base, strongly excurved ; the white
lines which bound the median area double, their remoter elements
more interrupted ; median area with a narrow brown band at each
side, the proximal from about one-third costa to beyond one-third hind-
margin, forming an outward angle in the middle and here marked
with blackish on the bifurcation of M and M®, the distal from beyond
two-thirds costa to about two-thirds hindmargin, forming a small
outward curve near costa and a rather strong lobe at R®, then retracted
to M®, thence perpendicular or slightly oblique outward to hind-
margin; subterminal line formed of white interneural dots ; a very
short oblique dark mark from apex; termen with pairs of elongate
black dots, sometimes more or less connected by a fine interrupted
line; fringe chequered.—Hindwing light brown-grey, with a pale
double postmedian line, which is angled outward behind R3, incurved
posteriorly and directed towards tornus at hindmargin; traces of
interrupted whitish subterminal line, clearer and whiter at tornus ;
fringe weakly chequered.—Forewing beneath brown-grey, with small
dark discal dot and pale double postmedian line; between this and the
subterminal rather browner; subterminal and terminal lines and
fringe nearly as above. Hindwing beneath sharply marked ; whitish
with fuscous irroration, small dark discal dot, darkened veins distally
52 Annals of the South African Museum.
hereto, forming conspicuous dark dots on a fine line which precedes
the white double postmedian band ; distal area corresponding to that
of forewing, but with the band proximally to the subterminal dots
stronger.
Cape, Hout Bay, near Cape Town, May, 1901 (W. L. Sclater).
Type in coll. 8S. Afr. Museum, others from the same source in coll.
Brit. Mus. et coll. L. B. Prout.
The mottled appearance, dotted subterminal line and well-marked
hindwing distinguish this species at a glance.
7. ORTHOLITHA PUNCTISCRIPTA, Sp. NOV.
¢. 380mm. Face somewhat rough-scaled, but without projecting
cone; ochreous, narrowly marked with fuscous above and rather more
-broadly below. Palpus little longer than diameter of eye, first and
second joints rough-sealed, third minute, concealed ; fuscous. An-
tenna pubescent,' beneath strongly lamellate, with close teeth at least
as long as diameter of shaft. Vertex, thorax, and abdomen concolorous
with wings. Foreleg darkened on upper- and innerside (middle and
hindlegs lost).
Forewing not very broad, termen smooth, slightly curved, strongly
oblique; whitish grey, in places slightly shaded with ochreous, and
with minute and sparse (proximally, especially along the costa, rather
denser) fuscous irroration ; sub-basal line fuscous, bent in cell, then
oblique inward ; antemedian and postmedian very fine and slight, but
accentuated by strong dots on the veins ; antemedian from nearly one-
third costa to beyond one-third hindmargin, very slightly excurved ;
postmedian from about two-thirds costa, vertical at first, slightly
incurved between the radials, oblique inward from M? to M?, then
slightly sinuous to hindmargin; 3 or 4 still fainter wavy lines in
median area, strongest at costa, and some faint dark shading near
termen, especially in anterior half; lines between sub-basal and ante-
median and between postmedian and distal dark shading represented
by pairs of conspicuous vein-dots; discal dot minute; terminal line
inclining to form pairs of dark dots or dashes at each vein.— Hindwing
rather narrow, apex round-prominent, termen smooth, slightly
sinuous, the convexity coming about the middle; slightly paler than
forewing, the markings analogous but rather weaker, the dots of the
postmedian line and of the first of the pair beyond it the most con-
spicuous, leaving rather noticeable the narrow pale intervening band.
—Underside similarly but more weakly and confusedly marked.
Type, without locality label, in coll. 8, Afr. Mus.
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 58
The coloration and dotted markings recall some Palaearctie Laren-
tids, notably Calostigia multistrigaria Haw. or sharply-marked Euphyia
intersecta Steger.
Gen. LARENTIA Tr.
8. LARENTIA DIPLOCAMPA, sp. nov.
Q. 31mm. Face without projecting cone; fuscous with some pale
admixture. Palpus shortish; as face, the first joint entirely pale
beneath. Vertex, thorax and abdomen concolorous with wings.
Forewing with termen only very faintly waved; DC _ biangulate,
though not as strongly as in hindwing, R! stalked, R? from slightly
behind middle of DC; wood-brown, shaded with cinnamon and with
irregular, coarse, fuscous irroration; costal edge somewhat dotted with
fuscous; lines dark fuscous, rather fine, not well defined ; antemedian
at somewhat beyond one-third, apparently angled outward at. cell-
fold, then sharply oblique inward, vertical and somewhat thickened
across M, again oblique inward for a short distance behind, then nearly
vertical (a little smuous) to hind margin; somewhat thickened on
crossing SM?; sinuous lines and irroration proximally to this line
prevent its being well differentiated ; a fairly distinct line in median
area, about 1-5 mm. from the antemedian, approximately parallel with
it in anterior part, curved outward at submedian fold; succeeded
distally by a narrow pale median space; postmedian line at rather
beyond two-thirds, markedly lunulate-dentate, bilobed between R? and
M?, slightly inbent at R?, inbent at M?; 2 or 3 feebler lines in median
area proximally to this, nearly parallel with it but less bilobed ; pale
band beyond postmedian not conspicuous; proximal boundary-line of
terminal area almost parallel with postmedian : some weaker crenulate
lines between this and termen; a short oblique mark at termen close
to apex ; terminal dark line somewhat interrupted at veins and folds
(fringe wanting).— Hindwing prominent at end of SC?; termen waved ;
paler than forewing: a dark discal dot, rather weak postmedian line
(excurved about R?-M?, slightly incurved posteriorly) and still weaker
traces of one or two other lines.—Forewing beneath greyish, proximal
part unmarked, postmedian lines present, feeble posteriorly ; a slight
brownish subterminal band in anterior half, pale-edged distally,
especially between SC* and R'. Hindwing beneath more strongly
marked than above.
Cape, Cape Town, April, 1913 (P. C. Keytel).
Size, shape and colouring (though this is rather less bright) recall
Ortholitha ferridotata Walk., but the discocellulars are different, the
lines differently formed, white lines wanting, underside less brown,
54 Annals of the South African Museum.
Gren. EUPITHECIA Curt.
9. HUPITHECIA REDIVIVA, Sp. Nov.
6. 17-18 mm. Palpus 13 times diameter of eye, rather heavily
scaled, third joint small, deflexed. Antennal ciliation minute (one-
fourth diameter of shaft). Head and body concolorous with wings ;
crown of head paler ; abdomen with dorsal ridge and crests pale.
Forewing pale cinereous, faintly tinged with liver-colour; about
nine very fine transverse wavy or denticulate lines, parallel with termen,
mostly indistinct and more or less interrupted; the four proximal
usually very indistinct, in part obsolescent, the four distal slightly
better expressed ; median area somewhat clearer, its single line weak,
less denticulate than the others, passing distally to a distinct black
discal spot; costal area slightly dark-shaded ; terminal line very faint.
—Hindwing rather paler, with one or two very weak denticulate lines
parallel to, and near, termen and the beginnings of three or more
equally weak (or weaker) ones on abdominal margin ; discal dot small
and inconspicuous.—Underside of forewing more grey-suffused in
costal half; of hindwing more dark-speckled, especially basally and
costally ; of both wings with distinct discal dot and two rather
thick and diffuse, but weak lines between this and termen, parallel
with the latter.
Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke). Others from Haenerts-
burg, December 5th—9th, 1909 (C. J. Swierstra), in coll. L. B. Prout
et coll. Transvaal Mus. and Watervalonder, November, 1910, in coll.
A. J. T. Janse et coll. L. B. Prout. Mentioned and figured in Ann. Trsv.
Mus. iii, 208, t. 12, f. 38, as provisionally a form of atomaria Warr. ;
rather narrower, more brownish grey, more weakly marked, terminal
line more slender, more interrupted, the other lines finer, less broken,
that succeeding the outer “ rivulet” band of both wings not (as in
atomaria) appreciably recurved towards tornus, discal dot of hindwing
more distinct, palpus with third joint rather less elongate, more
deflexed.
10, EUPITHECIA SUBCONCLUSARIA, Sp. Nov.
6 9. 20-22 mm. Similar to the smaller specimens of inconclusaria
Walk. (List. Lep. Ins. xxiv, 1242), but with the following differences :
Antenna of ¢ more thickened, with the ciliation much less than one-
half the diameter of the shaft (in inconclusaria almost as long as
diameter of shaft). Second abdominal tergite more strongly darkened.
Body and wings in general paler, the hindwing almost white. Wings
rather less extremely elongate, apex of forewing rounded.
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 55
Forewing with median area narrower, the angulated postmedian
line closely succeeding the discal dot, which is sometimes extended
along the curved cross-vein and forms with the thickened bend of
the postmedian a rude ocellus; dark markings of distal area weakened,
especially the subapical costal patch—Hindwing with a conspicuous
discal dot.—Both wings beneath without dark subterminal band.
Cape, Kalk Bay, February, 1904, and April, 1891 (R. M. Lightfoot).
Both sexes in coll. S. Afr. Mus. et coll. L. B. Prout, the type dated
February, 1904, and all the other examples worn.
1]. KupirHecia LictITa, sp. nov.
SQ. 19-22 mm. Also rather similar to inconclusaria or to the
preceding, but rather broader-winged and somewhat more glossy.
¢ antenna nearly as in the preceding, the ciliation even more vestigial.
Abdominal crests very minute.
Forewing with apex rounded as in subconeclusaria, termen less
extremely oblique; variable in tone (greyer, browner or tinged with
sand-colour) ; markings also rather variable, never very strong; the
lines of proximal area usually starting from noticeable costal
strigulae and marked by dots on the veins ; median area sometimes as
narrow as in subconclusaria, but then with the black cell-dot placed
nearer to its proximal border ; its borders generally rather less oblique,
the antemedian rather better defined, more regularly curved, rather
thick, often slightly strengthened on the veins ; postmedian less acutely
bent, the dark markings on the radials generally less conspicuous,
sometimes almost obsolete ; cell-dot often set in a whitish ring.—Hind-
wing longer than in subconclusaria, broader than in inconclusaria, thus
not presenting quite the normal Hupithecia aspect; as white as in
subconclusaria ; cell-dot wanting above, present beneath.
Cape, Clanwilliam, November, 1899 (R. M. Lightfoot), 5, including
the type; Montague, November, 1902 (W. F. Purcell), 2 2? 9.
12. EHUPITHECIA SUBCANIPARS, Sp. NOV.
d. 22mm. Face scarcely tufted. Palpus moderately stout, over
14 times as long as diameter of eye. Head and thorax concolorous
with forewing, the palpus more fuscous ; abdomen more rufous than
hindwing.
Forewing with costa very slightly arched, from before middle to
near apex straighter, apex round-pointed, termen slightly curved,
strongly oblique; pale grey, closely irrorated with rufous, leaving an
ill-defined grey area along cell and beyond it to postmedian line-and
56 Annals of the South African Museum.
behind it proximally (obliquely bounded about from one-third hind-
margin to origin of M’); on the grey area are placed some fuscescent
dots which tend to form (or suggest) oblique lines ; cell-dot sharp,
little elongate ; postmedian line vague, accentuated on the veins from
R? to M?, oblique outward from beyond three-fifths costa, angled at
R', then about parallel with termen; the usual bisected pale band
distally to the postmedian weak, especially at costal end ; subterminal
line hoary, not very sharp, strongly dentate anteriorly, then nearly
straight to submedian fold (with minute teeth outwards on the folds),
finally oblique to tornus; terminal line feeble, interrupted at the
veins; fringe with a fine pale line at base and again slightly pale
beyond middle.—Hindwing with costa rather straight, apex round,
prominent, termen very slightly waved, not very strongly convex ;
pale grey, tinged with rufous; cell-dot small but sharp; distally
hereto very faint alternations of paler and darker shadings suggest
thick lines or slender bands ; the abdominal margin darkened ; terminal
line and fringe as on forewing.—Forewing beneath less variegated, the
costal margin rather more noticeably spotted. Hindwing beneath
rather better marked than above, curved dark postmedian and sub-
terminal lines being rather more clearly expressed.
Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke).
The colours of the forewing are nearly as in variegated forms of
pimpinellata Hb., but their distribution very different, more suggesting
the arrangement of sophia Butl. or sinicaria Leech; celatisigna Warr.
(perculsaria Swinh.) has much in common with the new species, but
is smaller, darker, less hoary proximally, the discal dots less
developed.
13. EUPITHECIA SUBTERLIMBATA, 8p. NOV.
do 2. 21-24mm. Head and upperside of body green, dotted and
spotted with brown or fuscous; underside and anal extremity pale
ochreous grey, abdomen in dark specimens a good deal irrorated with
fuscous. Palpus nearly twice as long as diameter of eye; pale greyish
ochreous, much mixed with fuscous. Antenna in 6 with slender
sessile fascicles of cilia, fully as long as diameter of shaft. Abdominal
crest developed, pale grey, mixed with fusceus. Foreleg above and on
innerside strongly darkened, except at ends of joints.
Forewing moderately broad; pale dull green, variably (but always
more or less strongly) irrorated with fuscous or reddish-brown, or even
light, bright ferruginous; markings fuscous; basal patch slight or
obsolete; subbasal band little bent, lines between this and median
area vague; median area rather broad, variable, always more or less
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 57
markedly red-brown or fuscous, often with darker clouding in middle
of posterior half; antemedian line sinuous, at posterior end oblique
outward, sometimes strongly darkened and thickened from cell-fold to
hindmargin ; cell-dot small’; postmedian line sinuous, rather oblique
outward to R3, here lobed, posteriorly incurved; the narrow green
band beyond vaguely bisected except between radials, where. its
proximal half is almost white: distal area with ill-defined dark lines
and spots, and traces of an interrupted lunulate pale subterminal,
proximal to which a pair of dots between the radials (oftenest
confluent) and a spot between M? and SM? are more or less noticeable ;
termen with pairs of not very conspicous dark dots; fringe pale
greyish-ochreous, dark chequered.—Hindwing pale ochreous grey,
suffused, except on the narrow postmedian band, with darker grey, a
border of about 2 mm. width darkest ; cell-dot small; terminal dots
and chequering of fringe weak.—Both wings beneath pale ochreous
grey, weakly marked except at distal margin, which bears a conspicuous
dark border of about 2 mm. width, that of forewing constricted in the
middle and sometimes almost interrupted, at least with a pale terminal
spot behind R’; cell-dots often fairly sharp.
Natal, Durban, Umbilo and Victoria District, in coll. S. Afr.
Mus., coll. L. B. Prout, coll. A. J. J. Janse, ete. ; type ¢, Durban, in
coll. S. Afr. Mus.
This species has long been known to me, but although some speci-
mens are marked ‘“bred,’’ none are in perfect condition. It is,
however, so easily recognised that, now that I have a series before me,
I do not hesitate to publish it. It resembles some forms of the
variable Coenotephria prasinaria Warr. (Nov. Zool. viii, 13; x, 273),
except in the structure. Probably near the species which I determine
as cidariata Guen. (Spéc. Gén. Lép. x, 357, t. xi, f. 9), but distinguished
by the dark borders beneath and by the antenna, which in that species
bears pairs of short, fasiculate pectinations.
Gen. CHLOROCLYSTIS Hb.
14. CHLoRocLystIs (GNAMPTOMIA) MUSCOSA TUMEFACTA, Subsp. nov.
S$ 9. 17-20mm. Smaller than muscosa muscosa Warr. (Nov. Zool.,
ix, 508), from British East Africa, forewing with the costal swelling
and hair-tuft proximally to the “nibbled out” portion {stronger ;
coloration duller; antemedian line not so crooked; hindwing{more
sharply marked, much like that of marmorata Warr. (Nov. Zool.,
vi, 38),
58 Annals of the South African Museum.
Natal, Victoria district (W. D. Gooch), type in coll. 8. Afr.
Mus. Also from Durban in various collections.
Gen. CONCHYLIA Guen.
15, CoNCHYLIA LAMELLATA, sp. nov.
g- 30mm. Head and body white, somewhat mixed with brown.
‘Palpus more brown, quite short, not extending as far as frons.
Antenna thick, merely lamellate, with minute ciliation.
Forewing very glossy white, with slender brown markings ; costal
streak thread-like at base, gradually widening from before middle of
wing, in distal part. bounded by front of areole and SC*; a slender
longitudinal stripe from base, bounded anteriorly by cell-fold, becom-
ing still slenderer distally, where it joins the outer stripe in front of
R*; outer stripe thread-like at apex, then broadening slightly, straight
and oblique to M? at 2 mm. from termen, here obtusely bent, thence
very faintly sinuous, very gradually approaching hindmargin, finally
running along behind SM? and not quite reaching base; a brown
terminal line; fringe proximally brown, distally white.—Hindwing
white.—Forewing beneath smoky, the markings obsolescent. Hind-
wing beneath as above, the costal edge slightly smoky.
Cape, Port Elizabeth, 1900 (O. West).
Very similar to nitidula as figured in Cramer (Pap. Exot. iv, 240,
t. 399 N),* but distinguished by the ¢ antenna, ete. Should be
referred to the sub-genus Callythria Weym. (type alternata Warr.,
Nov. Zool. viii, 209; argenteofasciata Weym., Deutsch. Ent. Zeit.
1908, p. 512), but probably Conchylia will have to sink to Lithostege
Hb., in which case the non-pectinate section will stand as name-typical,
with Callythria as synonym, the pectinate as sub-genus Conchylia
Guen. The glossy scaling and distinctive pattern are scarcely generic,
especially as Conchylia irene Prout (Nov. Zool. xxii, 336) and Lithostege
decorata Warr. (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. x, 23) and sesquifascia Prout (Ann.
Trsv. Mus. 11, 262) in some respects furnish intergrades.
16. CoNCHYLIA ACTENA, sp. Nov.
~o.°29 mm. Faceand palpus light brown. Crown white. Antenna
apparently nearly as in the preceding (somewhat damaged with
* T have seen no example agreeing with this figure in having the outer stripe
obsolete at apex, but provisionally (following Warren in Tring Mus.) refer to
nitidula an otherwise similar species, with shortly pectinate g antenna, which
oveurs in Cape Colény and Natal; in any case the figure clearly shows the
pectinate antennae,
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 59
mould, in any case not pectinate). Thorax light brown, mixed with
white. Legs (especially the foreleg) partly infuscated. Abdomen
light brown-grey.
Forewing white, glossy, but not so intensely as in the nitidula
group; no markings except two slender (scarcely over -5 mm.) brown
bars, both shghtly roughened at their edges, or at least tending to be
feebly dentate outward on the veins ; first from SM? at 35 mm. from
base, very oblique to cell-fold near end of cell, then slender along the
fold to the cross-vein, where it forms a small, irregular spot ; second
from SM? at tornus, very slightly curved in the opposite direction to
termen, ending in a point at SC* close to apex ; fringe concolorous.—
Hindwing light brown-grey, unmarked; fringe white.—Forewing
beneath smoky, the lines traceable; fringe white. Hindwing beneath
as above, or very slightly paler.
Cape, Fraserburg, April 1885 (E. G. Alston).
Superficially very near irene Prout, which has the antenna pectinate
with branches about two-and-a-half times diameter of shaft.
Susp-Fam. GEOMETRINAE.
Gen. MICROLIGIA Warr.
17. MicRoLigIA INTERVENATA, Sp. NOV.
6. 380 mm. Structure about as in dolosa Warr. (Nov. Zool. iv,
124), face perhaps less strongly tufted (but somewhat abraded), wings
shghtly longer and narrower. Face brown, white below. Palpus
mixed brown and white, the white predominating below. Vertex
white. Thorax and abdomen white, mixed with brown.
Forewing glossy white, with light brown markings, consisting of
more or less broad, chiefly interneural, longitudinal streaks; first
streak subcostal, almost reaching the costal margin from the end of C
to SC, where it terminates ; second streak commencing beyond middle
of cell, becoming trifid distally, the first branch running between R?
and R%, the second between R! and R?, the third obliquely forward to
termen near apex; two shorter streaks between R? and M?’, reaching
termen ; a long one behind M and M? from base to termen, tapering
posteriorly, another branching from this at base and running behind
the fold and another close to hindmargin (behind SM?*).—Hindwing
pure white.— Forewing beneath pale brownish, the white parts of upper
side weakly indicated. Hindwing beneath white.
Orange Free State, Smithfield, 1910 (Kannemeyer). - .
60 Annals of the South African Museum.
A pretty species, superficially recalling Psewdomaenas alcidata Feld.
The genus Microligia seems only to differ from Argyrophora Guen.
(type trofonia Cram.) in that R* and M! of the hindwing are not
stalked, and is perhaps scarcely tenable.
Gren. PSEUDOMAENAS, nom. nov.
Agrammodes Warr., Ann. S. Afr. Mus. x, 27 (1911), nec Uhler
(1895).
18. PsEUDOMAENAS ONCODOGRAMMA, Sp. Nov.
2. 385mm. Head and body concolorous with wings ; palpus more
brown. Antenna minutely ciliated.
Forewing shaped and coloured about as in anguinata Feld. (Reise
Novara, Lep. Het. t. 129, f. 1), light violet-grey, costally slightly
more brownish ; sparse black sprinkling ; markings black, narrowly and
inconspicuously edged with light brown; a large triangle arising at
hindmargin close to base, its anterior side over 4 mm. long, the apex
entering the cell, its posterior side 5 mm., just crossing SM”, its distal
side 8 mm.; a large, somewhat comma-shaped mark in the cell, its
broad, distal end crossing the discocellulars ; a postmedian band not
reaching costa, its proximal edge shaped nearly as in anguinata but
more oblique posteriorly, its distal edge strongly sinuous, angled
inwards on M?, so that the band gradually widens in the middle and
is constricted at the angle; a very fine whitish line distally to this
band, as in anguinata; an oblique dash close to apex; terminal line
not or scarcely interrupted.—Hindwing almost unmarked, a very faint
sinuous postmedian line discernible in some lights.—Underside almost
unmarked.
Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke).
An interesting link between anguinata Feld. and intricata Walk.
(List Lep. Ins. xii, 814 = maculipennis Wligren., Svensk. Akad.
Handl. v (4) 72 = callistege Feld. t. 132, p. 29), though nearer to the
former.
Grex. HEBDOMOPHRUDA Warr.
19. HEBDOMOPHRUDA CRENILINEA, Sp. NOV.
Q. 34mm. Closely similar to apicata Warr. (Nov. Zool. iv, 101),
from Natal and Cape Colony, of which species it may even conceivably
be a local modification. Middle segments of abdomen strongly infus-
cated dorsally.
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 61
Forewing slightly less pale, only differing essentially in that. the
oblique black line and its accompanying shades are markedly waved
or crenulate throughout instead of straight; in addition, some
extremely fine black lines, faintly discernible in apicata, are more
noticeable, one curving backward and inward from the cell-dot, another
running out from this toa very acute angle on R!, touching the anterior
brown shade, then running obliquely inward and sinuous, parallel
with the stronger black line and again touching the anterior brown
shade on M!and on M?; the curved white line distally and posteriorly
to the oblique line and shades (often fairly conspicuous in apicata,
though not noticed in Warren’s description) is purer and rather
broader, hence very conspicuous.—Hindwing also less pale and with
the faint lines sinuous.
Orange Free State, Smithfield (Kannemeyer), type in coll. 8. Afr.
Mus.; Maseru, Basutoland, April 11th, 1902 (R. Crawshay), a larger
(37 mm.), duller 2 in coll. Brit. Mus.; a worn ¢ without locality,
nearer to the latter in size and apparently in coloration, in coll. L. B.
Prout.
The 2 antenna is shortly bipectinate.
20. HEBDOMOPHRUDA ERRANS, Sp. Nov.
6. 24-29 mm. Also near to apicata and especially (in the crenulate
postmedian line) to crenilinea. Antenna of ¢ with the pectinations
somewhat shorter (scarcely over twice diameter of shaft, against
thrice in apicata) and stouter. Abdominal dark shading more
posteriorly placed.
Forewing with termen more waved, cell slightly longer still, M!
arising close to R8 (in crenilinea rather widely separate) ; antemedian
line expressed, in places thickened (especially at costa), oblique out-
ward from one-fourth costa or rather beyond, biangulate in cell and on
M (W-shaped), then very oblique inward to one-fifth hindmargin ;
cell-mark vague, elongate; postmedian line rather more proximally
placed, crossing M! near the cell (in crenilinea midway between cell
and termen), throwing out small dashes proximally on the veins; the
dark shades proximally to this line fairly strong, at least in posterior
part of wing, but ill-defined, no dark line or shade distally ; an oblique
dark cloud on hindmargin midway between postmedian iine and
tornus or rather nearer the latter—Hindwing with termen rather
strongly and irregularly crenulate, a rather conspicuous tooth at end
of R?; postmedian line sharply defined from abdominal margin about
to R3, scarcely crenulate, obsolete anteriorly ; at abdominal margin
62 Annals of the South African Museum.
the beginning of another line proximally hereto.—Forewing beneath
with costal margin rather more strongly spotted.
Cape, Fraserburg, April, 1885 (E. G. Alston), type in coll. 8S. Afr.
Mus; Bushmanland, 1897 (Schlechter), paratype (rather pale and
more yellowish-brown, crippled in one hindwing) in coll. L. B. Prout.
Gren. DREPANOGYNIS Guen.
21. DREPANOGYNIS PERO, Sp. NOV.
9. 33 mm. Head and palpus red-brown, mixed with black; 3rd
joint of palpus distinct. Antennae lost, the few joints which remain
not pectinated. Thorax pale fleshy ochreous, above strongly mixed
with red-brown ; abdomen pale, strongly dotted with black.
Forewing not very broad, termen rather irregularly and weakly sub-
crenulate, very slightly excised between apex and R!; SC? anastomosing
at a point with SC**; very pale fleshy ochreous (whitest im cell and
just beyond postmedian line), irrorated with red-brown and sparsely
with black ; veins more ochreous ; lines black, throwing out short vein-
dashes into the median area; first from two-sevenths costa to little
beyond one-fourth hindmargin, very deeply excurved ; postmedian
parallel with termen, at 3°5 mm. distance, minutely lunulate-dentate ;
median area for the most part more shaded with red-brown, leaving a
conspicuous pale patch bounded anteriorly by M-—R®, posteriorly by
M? and distally by the postmedian line; subterminal line fine, some-
what interrupted, whitish, deeply lunulate-dentate, accompanied proxi-
mally by dark spots or wedges between the veins ; termen with black
vein-dots ; fringe with dark intersecting line (damaged).— Hindwing
rather paler ; a dark postmedian line present, strongest at abdominal
margin, bent at R! but fading out anteriorly; weak dark subterminal
shading.—Both wings beneath pale fleshy-ochreous, with scattered
dark irroration, minute discal dot and fine postmedian line, that of the
hindwing reaching costa ; forewing in addition with very slight suffu-
sions in median area.
Cape, Clanwilliam, November, 1899 (Lightfoot).
The absence of the ¢ leaves the affinities somewhat doubtful. The
coloration recalls the South American genus Pero—notably variaria
Walk.
22. DREPANOGYNIS LEPTODOMA, Sp. Nov.
dg. 32mm. Head, palpus, breast and upperside of foreleg reddish.
Collar brown. Thorax above pale grey, strongly irrorated with red-
brown; abdomen pale.
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 63
Forewing shaped nearly as in admiranda Warr. (Nov. Zool. xii,
406), the distal margin posteriorly slightly more oblique; colouring as
in admiranda, rather more glossy, with more distinct (though fine and
sparse) greyish transverse strigulae, the ochreous costal edge narrower
and less bright, the fringe not ferruginous in proximal half; first line
from little beyond one-fourth costa, gently curved (not angled) between
costa and SM?, even slightly oblique outward from SM? to hindmargin ;
cell-spot as in admiranda ; postmedian line from costa 2 mm. before
apex, parallel with termen at first, then very gently incurved, reaching
hindmargin at scarcely more than 2 mm. from tornus; distal area
shghtly more whitish; terminal line fine-—Hindwing with apex and
termen slightly more rounded than in admiranda ; more whitish than
forewing, without dark irroration or strigulation; a small cell-dot ;
the beginning of a fine postmedian line 1-5 or 2 mm. from tornus,
curving away from termen but soon becoming very faint or obsolete ;
a fine terminal line.—F'orewing beneath more reddish, especially
anteriorly, the costal margin ochreous, with dark reddish strigula-
tion ; antemedian line obsolete, cell-dot and postmedian feeble. Haind-
wing beneath irrorated with ochreous and in places with reddish ;
cell-dot feeble; a scarcely discernible, slightly sinuate postmedian
line, nearer to cell-dot than to termen.
Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke).
Probably nearest to devia Prout (Ann. Trsv. Mus. x, 210), but paler,
more slenderly built, more glossy. Antennal pectinations moderate,
about as in the allies.
Gen. ASPILATOPSIS Warr.
23. ASPILATOPSIS ORTHOBATES, Sp. Nov.
?. 36 mm. Structure (unless of the antennae, which are lost) as in
antennaria Guen. Both wings (especially the hindwing) somewhat
narrower. Head and body pale grey-brownish with a slight tinge of
buff ; abdomen darker beneath.
Forewing whitish grey, with dark olive-grey, largely confluent
strigulation and very sparse fuscous irroration ; inner marginal area
from base to postmedian line suffused with light brown; the two dark
lines distinct, edged with whitish on their reverse sides ; antemedian
from nearly one-third costa, strongly oblique outward, acutely angled
in middle of cell, then oblique inward and straight to well before one-
third hindmargin ; postmedian straight, oblique, from costa close to
apex to well before two-thirds hindmargin ; a small black discal dot.—
Hindwing slightly paler, darkening a little at distal margin, especially
5)
64 Annals of the South African Museum.
in apical region ; no appreciable markings.—Forewing beneath some-
what more smoky than above, cell-dot and postmedian line present but
not very sharp, the latter placed as above from hindmargin to R*, then
running parallel with termen to costa 3°5 mm. from apex (further
from apex than in antennaria).—Hindwing beneath more strongly
irrorated than above (except at abdominal margin), with a cell-dot
and a curved postmedian line, approximately parallel with termen,
nearer to cell-spot than to termen, evanescent at abdominal margin.
Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke).
On account of the shape, the straight lines, etc., I do not think this
can be a form of the variable antennaria Guen.; an extremely worn
6 with the same data had, however, apparently the fulvous tone of the
latter, so that colour cannot be added to the points of differentiation.
Gen. SICYODES Warr.
24. SICYODES PULVEREA, Sp. nov.
2. 30mm. Head and body concolorous with wings; palpus, crown
and front of thorax more heavily irrorated. Antenna merely serrate,
not pectinate.
Forewing with apex blunter than in typical Sicyodes, termen less
oblique, not noticeably subcrenulate nor gibbous ; stalk of SC’? con-
nected with C, SC® anastomosing with SC**; vinaceous buff, with base
of costa darkened and with scattered blackish dusting ; no appreciable
markings except an exceedingly faint discal dot and a postmedian line
from about two-thirds costa faintly indicated in some lights, slightly
angled outward near costa, then about parallel with termen ; distally
hereto a very narrow pale interval (merely indicated by the absence of
irroration), beyond which the terminal area appears, in some lights, a
little darker than the rest of the wing; termen with dark interneural
dots not very sharp, becoming still feebler posteriorly ; fringe con-
colorous.—Hindwing similar, with the postmedian markings apparently
rather further from termen, but scarcely discernible-—Underside
similarly coloured, virtually without markings.
Cape, Kalk Bay, February, 1904 (R. M. Lightfoot).
A rather anomalous and very inconspicuous species, the shape and
aspect more suggesting a Petelia than a Sicyodes, the venation not
quite typical.
25. SIcYODES SUBOCHREA, Sp. Nov.
?. 28mm. Structure in most respects as in the preceding, antennal
serration rudimentary, C of forewing free, SC’-R' of hindwing stalked.
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 65
Head and thorax concolorous with forewing, slightly more mixed with
ochreous on collar and front of thorax ; abdomen more strongly mixed
with ochreous.
Forewing fawn colour, with vague olive-grey irroration ; lines very
indistinct, merely suggested by confluence of the irroration; ante-
median at one-third, slightly angled outward on M (at origin of M2),
accompanied proximally at SC and M by very inconspicuous pale
spots ; a median shade discernible on middle of hindmargin ; cell-mark
darker, extending the full length of DC?’ and about half as broad as
long ; postmedian line slightly nearer to termen than to cell-spot,
rather more excurved in middle than termen, accompanied distally by
slight indications of a row of pale spots, the most conspicuous at
costa.—Hindwing much more ochreous, with the beginning of a rather
thick darker line at abdominal margin 2 mm. from tornus. Both
wings beneath glossy ochreous, the hindwing unmarked, the forewing
more tinged with flesh-colour and with the costal edge minutely dark-
strigulated and the cell-mark of upperside feebly reproduced.
Orange Free State, Smithfield (Kannemeyer).
A damaged 2 (palpi broken, antennae lost, one forewing much
torn) from Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett), in coll. Brit. Mus.,
apparently belongs to the same species, and shows that it is somewhat
variable, not always so markingless. In this the forewing is more
irrorated with light brown, especially from the middle to the post-
median line, forming here a kind of vague band; the costal margin
shows dark dots indicating the position of the lines; the postmedian
line is rather better expressed, somewhat angled inward close to costa
and outward about R’, and is followed distally by some ill-defined
spots between R? and M?, which also show on underside ; the hindwing
shows traces, from abdominal margin to R!, of curved postmedian line
or shade.
Gen. AXIODES Warr.
26. AXIODES DOCHMOLEUCA, sp. Nov.
3 9. 25-30mm. Head and body concolorous with wings. Antennal
pectinations in ¢ moderate, just over 3 times the diameter of the
stout shaft; in 2 scarcely (the inner series not) longer than diameter
of shaft.
Forewing with costal concavity well marked, apex not extremely
sharp, termen only quite moderately crenulate; SC* in ? present,
though sometimes only separating from SC* quite close to apex ; very
light violet-grey, slightly suffused with light brown and with a few
66 Annals of the South African Museum.
scattered blackish scales; veins ochreous brown; a blackish streak
from base along fold (not reaching antemedian line), throwing out a
slighter streak along SM?; antemedian line blackish, from one-fourth
or two-sevenths costa, very oblique outward to M at origin of M? (but
indented or accompanied by a proximal dash behind SC), from M very
oblique inward and slightly sinuous to before SM, very oblique
inward to hindmargin; postmedian very slightly crenulate, from R!
about 2°56 mm. from termen, slightly incurved about M2? to fold,
bluntly or moderately toothed outward between fold and SM?; a fine
whitish line accompanying the postmedian distally ; a broad (over
1 mm.) oblique white or whitish streak from apex to end of cell,
underlined (at least in its distal part) with blackish ; subterminal
line pale, very ill-defined distally, where the ground-colour is paler
than proximally ; an irregular blackish patch between it and the
posterior sinus of postmedian line; termen with blackish lunules ;
fringe dark-mottled— Hindwing with termen weakly crenulate, rather
more strongly about SC? and R!; grey-brown, slightly darker
distally than proximally ; a vague pale postmedian line, curving a
little towards tornus posteriorly.— Both wings beneath pale grey-brown
or brown-grey, with traces of paler postmedian line; forewing with
costal edge somewhat dotted with fuscous ; hindwing with a distinct
discal dot.
Cape, Kenilworth, May, 1901 (W. L. Sclater).
I have described as typical the form which prevails at Cape Town,
and which I have also seen from Basutoland, Johannesburg, ete. ; but
the species seems to be very variable in the expression of the markings,
the dark mottlings, etc. When, as in the name-type, the white apical
streak entirely obliterates the postmedian line it is very sharply
characterised, but often (Annshaw and sometimes Deelfontein) this
streak is less sharply white and the line continues across it. Always,
however, it is very easily distinguishable from the allied inangulata
Warr. (Nov. Zool. xii, 408) by the very much less angulated post-
median line.
Gen. APHILOPOTA Warr.
27. APHILOPOTA PHANEROSTIGMA, Sp. Nov.
3d Q. 42-44 mm. Form and aspect of interpellans Butl. (Ann,
Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), xvi, 417), of which it may possibly even prove a
local race. Head and body concolorous with wings.
Forewing drab, with a tinge of fawn-colour and with scattered dark
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 67
irroration ; cell-dot large, black, long-oval; lines scarcely indicated
except by blackish dots on the veins; antemedian from one-fourth
costa to beyond one-fourth hindmargin, somewhat excurved anteriorly ;
postmedian from before three-fourths costa, curving inward so as
nearly to touch the cell-mark on R?, then nearly vertical to hindmargin.
—Hindwing similar, sometimes slightly paler ; first line wanting ; post-
median slightly curved, but generally placed near the cell-mark.—
Underside paler, with very feeble dark irroration; cell-dots present ;
postmedian dots present, but generally indistinct.
Salisbury, 1915 (Dr. M. Melle), type. in coll. S. Afr. Mus.; also
in coll. Brit. Mus. from the same district.
Gen. HEMEROPHILA Steph.
28. HEMEROPHILA ABSURDA, Sp. nov.
dg. 32-85 mm. Face with appressed scales; fuscous. Palpus
short; fuscous. Tongue slight. Antenna bipectinate apparently to
apex (extreme tip lost), with long, rather slender branches. Vertex,
thorax and abdomen concolorous with wings. Hind tibia not dilated.
Forewing with apex rather sharp, termen not crenulate; SC!
anastomosing at a point with C, SC? from cell, free; light brown,
slightly ochreous, irrorated and strigulated with fuscous, parts of the
median and distal areas remaining slightly clearer ; lines blackish ;
antemedian slightly thickened, especially behind M and near hind-
margin, arising on costa before one-third, curved outward at first,
indented between R* and M', strongly oblique inward and slightly
sinuous to before one-fourth hindmargin ; postmedian mostly rather
slender, but thickened about R®—M', arising on costa at five-sevenths,
acutely angled outward about hk’, then oblique and slightly curved
inward, reaching hindmargin about three-fifths ; a blackish cell-dot ;
an extremely vague band of dark shading distally to the postmedian,
slightly strengthened between the radials and near hindmargin ;
termen with slightly elongate blackish dots (or short dashes) between
the veins. —Hindwing with termen not crenulate, but in anterior half
appreciably undulate ; first line wanting ; postmedian not very sharply
expressed, placed little beyond the cell-dot, somewhat crenulate, fairly
direct or very slightly sinuous, posteriorly shghtly oblique outward ;
some very slight shadings indicating the position of the subterminal
line; terminal marks weak.—Underside with the cell-dots strong,
somewhat enlarged, especially that of the hindwing, otherwise more
weakly marked, the antemedian line of forewing suggested by a darkish
68 Annals of the South African Museum.
costal spot, the postmedian indicated (rather more sharply on the
hindwing) by short dashes or teeth on the veins.
Cape, Montague Baths, November, 1902 (W. F. Purcell), type in
coll. S. Afr. Mus. ; paratype in coll. L. B. Prout.
Gen. LARENTIOIDES, gen. nov.
Face not protuberant, with appressed scales. Palpus rather short,
moderately stout, closely scaled; 5rd joimt quite short. Tongue
present. Antenna in ¢ simple. Pectus moderately hairy. Thorax
not crested. Abdomen in ¢ moderately slender, not crested, basal
cavity without spine; hindtibia (lost), therefore evidently without
hair-pencil.
Forewing without fovea; rather narrow, costal margin nearly
straight, apex bluntly pointed, termen scarcely waved, gently curved,
strongly oblique ; cell one-half, DC® incurved ; C free, SC? from cell,
anastomosing strongly with SC! and afterwards with SC**, forming
a double areole, R? from slightly before middle of DC, M’ separate.-—
Hindwing rather narrow, costa elongate, apex rounded, termen
moderately crenulate, tornus nearly square (the extremity rounded
off) ; cell one-half, DC very slightly curved; C closely approximated
to SC to beyond middle of cell, then rapidly diverging, SC? separate,
R? wanting, M! well separate.
Type of the genus: Larentioides cacothemon, sp. nov.
Akin to the Oriental genus Hirasa Moore, differing in the much
narrower, less crenulate wings, the double areole, longer approximation
of C of hindwing to SC and secondarily in the non-dilated hindtibia
of the ¢.
29. LARENTIOIDES CACOTHEMON, Sp. Nov.
S- 383mm. Face and palpus dark fuscous. Vertex, thorax, and
abdomen grey, irrorated with fuscous, which tends to form on each
abdominal tergite a pair of very vague spots.
Forewing rather glossy grey, with a slight violaceous tinge and with
sparse fuscous and blackish irroration ; lines fuscous, not very strong,
but blackened with spots or dots on the veins ; antemedian from two-
fifths costa to one-fourth hindmargin, angulated outward in cell and
at submedian fold (shallowly W-shaped); median well beyond the
slightly elongate black cell-mark, about 1 mm. from the postmedian
and approximately parallel therewith, apparently diverging at. costa,
where, however, it is almost obliterated ; postmedian very oblique and
sinuous, from beyond five sixths costa, very gently incurved between
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 69
radials and more markedly in posterior part, reaching hindmargin
little beyond the middle ; some weak dark shadings in distal area, in
part giving the impression of a less oblique continuation of the post-
median line from M' to hindmargin; dark terminal line not very
sharp, slightly interrupted at the ves. —Hindwing concolorous, at
costal margin paler and feebly marked ; median and postmedian lines
approximated, wavy or somewhat sinuous, the former only, the latter
chiefly, pronounced towards abdominal margin, here nearly parallel
with termen, anteriorly somewhat receding ; cell-mark scarcely indi-
cated ; some weak submarginal shades; terminal line as on forewing.
—Underside very feebly marked.
Cape, Carnarvon, January, 1910 (J. Drury).
The unique example is unfortunately in poor condition, but easily
recognisable by the structural characters combined with the facies,
which recalls some narrow-winged Algerian Hemerophila or Boarmia
atlanticaria Ster., ete.
Gen. PERIDELA Warr.
30. PERIDELA PUNCTILINEA, Sp. Nov.
¢g. 30mm. Face not tufted, whitish ochreous with dark speck-
ling. Palpus (broken in type) rather short, mostly pale, with some
dark speckling on sides and above. Crown somewhat ochreous.
Antennal pectinations little longer than diameter of shaft. Thorax
and abdomen concolorous with wings. Hindtibia dilated, with hair-
pencil, abdominal spine developed.
Forewing with fovea moderate; SC!? coincident, free (type) or
touching C at a point (paratypes); whitish brown, tinged with
ochreous on the veins and about the lines; irroration and strong
costal dots or strigulae dark fuscous; lines dark fuscous, thickened at
costa; antemedian oblique outward from two-sevenths costa, strongly
curved in cell, then very oblique inward and slightly smuous ; median
slight, except at costa, nearly parallel with termen, very slightly
curving away at costa; postmedian about 3 mm. from termen, nearly
parallel therewith from hindmargin to R', here bent, running vertically
to costa; composed of rather large vein-dots, those on R? and SM’
(fold) generally smaller ; cell-spot elongate ; some slight dark shading
proximal to the almost obsolete subterminal line; terminal dots
strong, somewhat elongate.—Hindwing with termen somewhat irregu-
larly waved, slightly emarginate between the radials, very slightly
prominent at R*; lines not thickened at costa ; antemedian wanting ;
70 Annals of the South African Museum.
median slightly incurved between the radials, crossing the strong cell-
dot; postmedian from beyond two-thirds costa to abdominal margin
near tornus, continuous, though accentuated by large vein-dots,
incurved between the radials, strongest about R*-M!; distal area
nearly as on forewing.—Underside more suffusedly irrorated; first
line of forewing wanting, postmedian dots of both wings connected by
a line and closely succeeded distally by a moderately broad, distally
ill-defined brown band, suffused in places with purplish fuscous; a
brown terminal line, somewhat thickened between the veins.
Bechuanaland, Gaberones, 1916 (Marshall), type; two paratypes,
from Ovampo Land, in coll. Brit. Mus.
31. PERIDELA BIRECTA, sp. Nov.
g. 28mm. Palpus one-and-a-half times the length of diameter
of eye. Antennal pectinations fully three times as long as diameter
of shaft, giving place, after about 36 joints, to mere teeth. Head and
palpus very pale ochreous brown, irrorated with ferruginous. Collar
somewhat ferruginous. Thorax above vinaceous buff, with a few
dark scales. Abdomen paler.
Forewing with the venation apparently somewhat variable, subcostal
veins in the type crowded, SC! apparently coincident and anastoming
slightly or connected with C (in the three Bloemfontein examples, as
is usual in the allied butaria, not crowded, SC! arising out of C, not
touching SC?) ; white or whitish, tinged with yellow; an isabelline or
slightly fawn-coloured, fuscous-dotted patch from base nearly to first
line ; lines dark fuscous; first from costa before one-third, slightly
excurved at first, then vertical to hindmargin; median line from
middle of costa to hindmargin at three-sevenths, obtusely angled
between the medians, straight before and behind ; space between first
and median lines concolorous with basal patch, darkened about DC
and behind submedian fold; postmedian line from two-thirds costa,
excurved anteriorly and forming a very slight inward curve between
R*® and hindmargin; nearly interrupted between radials, otherwise
thick, posteriorly with some dark shading proximally ; distal area
isabelline or fawn-coloured, separated from postmedian by a white
line ; subterminal white line distinct, rather thick, very slightly sinuous
but not lunulate, posteriorly curving outward nearly to tornus: some
fuscous spots proximally to the subterminal; an oblique pale shade
from apex across subterminal line ; terminal line broken into dots or
dashes, not very sharp.—Hindwing almost wholly pale, with a minute
discal dot and indications (chiefly in abdominal region) of postmedian
line and cloudy submarginal and marginal bands (in the Bloemfontein
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 71
specimens the submarginal band more complete) ; terminal line
interrupted, not very sharp.—Both wings beneath with similar but
weaker markings.
Cape, Namaqualand (Worden), O’okiep, September 22nd, 1886,
type’in coll. S. Afr. Mus.; Orange Free State, Bloemfontein (H. F.
Wilson), 3 in coll. Brit. Mus.
Near butaria Swinh. (Tr. Ent. Soe. Lond., 1904, p- 510), but
distinct in the shape of the median line and especially very different
in the markings of the distal area.
Gen. TEPHRINA Guen.
32. TEPHRINA ABNORMATA, Sp. Nov.
So. 29mm. Face brown. Palpus whitish-brown, 2nd and 3rd
joints with darker admixture. Vertex light brown; occiput fawn-
colour. Antenna brown ; the pectinations rather short (scarcely over
twice diameter of shaft) and stout, well ciliated at the tips. Collar
somewhat ochreous. Thorax above mostly fawn-colour, beneath light
brown. Hindtibia not dilated. Abdomen light brown.
Forewing with fovea; SC! arising from C, free; whitish brown, in
places (most decidedly in entire distal area) shaded with fawn-colour ;
irroration wood-brown; costal margin, especially in median area,
rather more ochreous brown, with fuscous dots or minute strigulae ;
lines brown; antemedian rather thick, oblique outward from before
one-fourth costa, roundly bent in cell, minutely indented behind M,
vertical to about one-third hindmargin ; discal dot rather large, black ;
median line rather thick, not very sharp, bent outward distally to the
cell-spot, then almost straight to just beyond middle of hindmargin ;
postmedian line 3 or 4 mm. from termen, nearly parallel therewith
(almost inappreciably incurved about the fold) from hindinargin to
R', anteriorly somewhat curving proximal; termen with small black
dots between the veins.—Hindwing with termen a little subcrenulate
from SC? to R’, smooth posteriorly ; first line wanting; cell-dot smaller,
postmedian line less convex than termen, towards abdominal margin
shghtly curving distad.—Underside much warmer in coloration, the
ground-colour being more ochreous, irrorated and shaded (especially
on the distal area of hindwing) with a mere ferruginous shade; first
line wanting, the others weaker than above, the median, especially on
hindwing, ferruginous-ochreous ; cell-dots present; terminal dots
obsolescent.
Natal, Durban, February, 1914 (W. Haygarth).
72 Annals of the South African Museum.
Recalls Discalma normata Walk. (= parallelaria Walk.) in general
facies and coloration ; apart, however, from the ¢ antenna, it may be
distinguished at a glance by the anteriorly curved postmedian line ;
cell-dots larger and stronger (variable, however, in normata).
Gun. DISCALMA Meyr.
33. DIscALMA ARCIFERA DUBIA, subsp. nov.
6. 380mm. Differs from arcifera arcifera Hmpsn. (Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond. 1910, p. 469, t. 39, f. 3), from N. E. Rhodesia (and a quite
similar ¢ from Ruo Valley, Portuguese East Africa), as follows:
Ground-colour less rufescent, with stronger dark irroration; the
oblique common line finer and darker, followed distally on each wing
above and beneath by a thick, dentate dark line arising near apex and
diverging gradually from the oblique line.
North Ovampo Land, 1890-91 (H. W. Eriksson).
As the apex of the forewing is more falcate, this may well prove a
distinct species, but the rest of the structure and the facies agree so
absolutely that I hesitate so to regard it.
Gen. GONODONTIS Hb.
34, GONODONTIS STICTONEURA, Sp. NOV.
3d. 37mm. Headand body concolorous with wings, the face dark-
mixed, the palpus infuscated on the outer side. Antennal pectinations
long for the genus (over 3 times diameter of shaft).
Forewing with termen not crenulate, scarcely waved ; pale greyish
ochreous, with scattered (sometimes very weak) dark irroration ; lines
weak, especially the antemedian, which arises at two-fifths costa and
is markedly excurved, but is scarcely traceable except by a slightly
pale line which accompanies it proximally and by three black vein-
dots, those on M (at origin of M?) and SM? large and conspicuous ;
postmedian marked with smaller dark vein-dots, arising at four-fifths
costa, nearly straight to R#, here angled, its posterior half forming a
regular curve, with the convexity directed proximad ; a slight pale line
accompanying the postmedian distally, cell-mark strong, ocellated,
showing a slight tendency to break up into dots; termen with small
interneural dots.—Hindwing paler, with a similar but rather less
intense cell-mark and faintly discernible, angulated postmedian line,
beyond which is a vague, narrow whitish band; terminal dots obso-
lescent.—Both wings beneath with the ocellus strong, the angulated
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 73
postmedian line present, dotted on the veins, and a (sometimes almost
obsolete) fuscous submarginal band.
Cape, Hout Bay (W. L. Sclater), type in coll. 8. Afr. Mus. ; para-
types from the same locality and Kalk Bay in coll. Brit. Mus. et coll.
L. B. Prout.
Possibly a local race of the Abyssinian integraria Guén. (Spec. Gén.
Lép. ix, 166), which I only know from Guéné’s description and
Oberthur’s figure (a 2, Et. Lep. ix, fig. 1903), but with the postmedian
lines appreciably different from those of both Guéné’s species, the
large, conspicuous ocellus of the hindwing above distinctive, ete.
Gen. PARECLIPSIS Warr.
35. PARECLIPSIS ONUS, sp. NOV.
¢. 34mm. Face without projecting cone ; palpus apparently short
(head somewhat crushed) ; antenna rather strongly lamellate; struc-
ture otherwise agreeing with punctata Warr. (Nov. Zool. vii, 97).
Head and body concolorous with wings.
Forewing with costal margin slightly simuous, apex round-pointed,
termen oblique, curved towards middle, becoming more oblique behind ;
SC? anastomosing at a point with SC**; glossy, broccoli-brown, with
minute rather sparse and very inconspicuous blackish-grey irroration ;
a rather large (nearly 1 mm. diameter), roundish, not very sharply
defined grey-black discal spot beyond middle; a very faint line of
small grey vein-dots passing midway between this and termen, nearly
parallel with the latter but with a very slight curve inward between
R' and SM*.— Hindwing paler, in some lights appearing almost whitish ;
cell-dot smaller than on forewing ; postmedian dots almost entirely
obsolete, faintly discernible near abdominal margin, more proximally
placed than on forewing.—Forewing beneath slightly paler than above,
at least posteriorly ; cell-spot and postmedian line of dots reproduced,
the latter slightly more distinct anteriorly. Hindwing beneath rather
less white than above; cell-dot reproduced ; postmedian line of dots
distinct throughout.
Cape, Cape Town, June, 1872.
Gen. OBOLCOLA Walk.
36. OBOLCOLA CACOCTENES, sp. Nov.
So. 28mm. Structure of ferrorubrata Walk. (List Lep. Ins. Oat
1670), except as noted; thus differing from typical Obolcola in the
74 Annals of the South African Museum.
elongate wings, long cells and presence of SC! of forewing, widely free.
Head and body concolorous with wings. Antennal pectinations
very much shorter than in ferrorubrata, only 2-8 times as long as
diameter of shaft; rather slender, well separated.
Forewing not quite so narrow as in ferrorubrata, termen towards
apex not quite so oblique; light brown, with some slightly rufescent
shadings and with scattered dark irroration ; costal edge dark-dotted ;
lines exceedingly faint, placed as in ferrorubrata, the median quite
fine, the postmedian dots minute; a small black cell-dot; termen
with small, weak, dark dots.—Hindwing almost uniform grey, with a
slight purplish tinge; cell-mark very faintly indicated in rather
darker grey.—Underside as in pale examples of ferrorubrata, the
forewing, except at costal margin, being glossy and feebly marked,
the costal margin and the entire hindwing more mixed with ochreous,
strongly irrorated ; cell-marks present but not strong.
Cape, Wynberg, October, 1862.
Except for size and structure, might have been taken for a striking
ab. of ferrorubrata of the least rufous form and with the characteristic
broad median shade almost obsolete.
Gen. PETELIA H.-Sch.
37. PETELIA PSEUDOGNOPHOS, Sp. NOv.
32. 33 mm. Structure of strigata Warr. (Nov. Zool. iv, 103 =
crassata Warr., op. cit. xi, 477), the face being without projecting tuft
and the palpus short for the genus ; C of hindwing rather farther from
SC, connected by a slight bar near base. Head and body coloured
nearly as wings, the face, palpus and fore- and middle-legs slightly
darkened, the vertex slightly pale.
Forewing not quite so broad as in strigata, termen more oblique ;
rather glossy grey, somewhat mixed or clouded with light brown and
with moderately strong, scattered blackish irroration ; lines rather
vague, formed of massed brown irroration, from costa at about one-
fifth, two-fifths and two-thirds, nearly parallel, all bent strongly out-
ward before middle, inward about middle, outward behind and more or
less indented on SM°; cell-dot small, black ; subterminal line indicated
by a series of fairly large but not very sharply defined whitish vein-
spots, proximally edged by some blackish irroration ; the spots at R?
and R* weaker, more proximally placed: termen with rather large
black interneural dots, slightly extending into grey dashes; fringe
almost unicolorous.—Hindwing similar, with two instead of three
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 75
brown lines, the second scarcely beyond the middle; a small white
spot instead of a black dot on the discocellulars.—Both wings beneath
glossy pale grey, with black discal dot and very faint suggestions of
fairly straight antemedian and postmedian line, a slightly paler band
distally to the latter; termen with elongate black interneural marks.
Cape, Cape Town, May, 1913, and December, 1911 (P. C. Keytel),
type ¢ anda @ in coll. S. Afr. Mus.; Kalk Bay, June, 1904
(Davidson), paratype in coll. L. B. Prout.
Certainly allied to strigata Warr., but with very different facies,
superficially recalling a Gnophos; the markings bear also a striking
resemblance to those of the North American Ivala desperaria Hulst,
and the face and palpus may demand the removal of both strigata and
pseudognophos to Hulst’s genus, if that is tenable. The group (the
genus Deilinia of Meyrick and Hampson) is almost cosmopolitan,
though nowhere very rich in species.
A
abnormata (‘Tephrina)
absurda (Hemerophila)
actena (Conchylia)
ALLOCHLORODES .
APHILOPOTA
arcifera (Discalma)
ASPILATOPSIS
AXIODES .
B
birecta (Peridela)
C
cacoctenes (Obolcola) .
cacothemon (Larentioides) .
CHLOROCLYSTIS
CONCHYLIA
crenilinea (Hebdomophr uda)
D
diplocampa (Larentia)
DISCALMA 2
dochmoleuca (Axiodes)
DREPANOGYNIS
dubia (Discalma)
E
elpis (Allochlorodes) .
EUPITHECIA
errans (Hebdomophruda)
F
flexio (Scopula) .
G
GEOMETRINAE
GONODONTIS . ;
gnamptomia (Chloroclystis)
4
(76 )
INDEX.
H
PAGE
71 HEBDOMOPHRUDA
67 HEMEROPHILA
58 HEMITHEINAE
47
66 if
9
6a intervenata (Microligia)
65 Te
lamelata ee
LARENTIA
70 LARENTIINAE .
LARENTIOIDES
leptodoma (Drepanogynis)
licita (Eupithecia)
73 lipara (Ptychopoda)
68
57 M
ee mansueta (Palaeaspilates) .
: MICROLIGIA :
muscosa (Chloroclystis)
53 O
ve
72 OBOLCOLA
65 Oncodogramma (Pseudomaenas)
62. onus (Pareclipsis)
72 orthobates (Aspilatopsis) .
ORTHOLITHA . :
12
47 PALAEASPILATES .
54 PARECLIPSIS .
61 PERIDELA :
peringueyi (Ortholitha)
pero (Drepanogynis) .
PETELIA .
48 phanerostigma (Aphilopota)
PSEUDOMAENAS .
pseudognophos (Petelia)
PTYCHOPODA . :
59 ~~ pulverea (Sicyodes)
72_ punetilinea (Peridela) :
57 punctiscripta (Ortholitha) .
PAGE
60
67
47
59
New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 77
R
rediviva (Eupithecia) .
s)
SCOPULA .
SICYODES. ,
STERRHINAE . :
stictoneura (Gonodontis)
subcanipars (Hupithecia)
PAGE
54
PAGE
subconclusaria (Eupithecia) . 54
subochrea (Sicyodes) . : . 64
subterlimbata (Eupithecia) . 56
Badly
tenuiscripta (Scopula) : . 48
TEPHRINA ; ~ il
tumefacta (Chloroclystis) : ci
Al
-
4.—On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). Families
Migidae, Ctenizidae, Diplotheleae, and Dipluridae.—By R. W. E.
Tucker, B.A, Assistant.
(With Plate [TX and Thirteen Text-figures. )
Famtny MIGIDAR.
Gren. MOGGRIDGEA, O. P. Cambr.
The separation of M. seticova, coegensis, and nigra by Hewitt (Ann.
Trans. Mus., vol. 5, No. 2, p. 92) under the heading (a!) “Coza IT
with a distinct posterobasal group of shorter and more densely crowded
(often spiniform) setae inferiorly” seems doubtful. Purcell, in his
description of M. coegensis (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 8, pt. 4, p. 72),
mentions “ Coxa IT with a much smaller and scarcely distinct group
(formed of 6-8 setae placed closer together than elsewhere’) ; and in
the type specimen the approximation of the bristles is scarcely a
distinct group. Of the other members, nigra has no such group, and
seticova has only a very slight approximation of bristles, as in
coegensis; it may be advisable therefore to merge the seticova-coegensis
group with the quercina-microps group, with the posterobasal group
of bristles on Coxa IIT as the distinguishing character, making the
presence of a few extra bristles basally on Coxa IT a subsidiary
specific guide.
MoGGRrIDGEA QUERCINA, Sim.
1903. Simon, E., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vol. 47, pt. 1, p. 22.
1903. Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 881.
1903. Purcell, W. F., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 73.
1915. Hewitt, J., Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 2, p. 91.
An adult 2 specimen (No. B. 1364) taken from nest on a Mahogany
Umkahla tree in Durban by H. W. Bell-Marley, September, 1915.
This specimen is so closely allied to M. quercina that it has been
referred to that species.
Apart from the size, the few differences which present themselves
seem insufficient to separate it specifically from the above.
6
80 Annals of the South African Museum.
It undoubtedly comes in the same group as quercina; in size it
more nearly approaches M. intermedia (Hewitt). From the descrip-
tions, both M. intermedia and M. microps (Hewitt) seem so closely
related to M. quercina that they may well prove to be local forms of a
wide-spread tree-inhabiting species.
The nest of the above specimen consists of a roomy chamber
(sufficient in size for the spider to turn in), built in a hollow of the
bark, coloured to resemble the latter, and decorated with lichen, ete. ;
the door is similar and fairly strongly built, and has a bevelled edge,
which fits well down on to the rim of the tube, which is also hard and
bevelled.
Measurements of specimens.—Carapace 6°5 long; 5°5 wide. Length
18 mm.
MoGGrIDGEA PERINGUEYI, Sim.
1903. Simon, E., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vol. 47, pt.1, p. 23.
1903. Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, pp. 878 and 881.
1903. Purcell, W. F., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 73.
1915. Hewitt, J.. Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, pt. 2, 92.
Specimens.— 3 (No. 8328) Houwhoek, Cal. Div. (W. F. Purcell,
8/1900). Q (B779) Houwhoek. (R. M. Lightfoot, 7/10).
g. Colowr.—Carapace very dark mahogany brown ; almost black
in appearance ; abdomen black ; spinners, lung operculae, and genital
plate lighter brown; sternum and coxae pale brown, coxae of pedi-
palps reddish-brown. Legs with dark femora, but lighter from
patellae onwards.
Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia and * of metatarsus of Ist lee,
and to tibia and + metatarsus of 4th leg; densely granular. Fovea
deep and strongly recurved.
Hyes.—Front row lghtly recurved; medians nearly their own
diameter apart, laterals broadly oval, much larger than medians, and
more than their own long diameter from latter and from anterior
margin of carapace. Posterior row recurved; much narrower than
anterior row, and with the eyes small and flat; medians and laterals
subequal, well separated, and situated opposite the gap between
anterior medians and anterior laterals.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps and legs muticous.
Chelicerae with 4 teeth down each side of groove. Posterior sternal
sigilla long, broad oval, and well separated from margin; situated
between 2nd and 8rd coxae.
Legs.—Tarsi short, swollen, scopulated, and unspined. Metatarsus
I with 6 strong spines down each side surface, and with a few other
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 81
smaller ones. Metatarsus IT similar, but with the spines weaker and
more irregular ; both are unscopulated, but metatarsus II has a few
scattered hairs on under surface distally. Metatarsus IIT spineless
but bearing stiff setae and a small patch of scopular hairs distally ;
metatarsus [V with neither spines nor setae, slightly swollen distally,
tapering towards base and curving upwards; under surface entirely
and densely scopulated, save for small tapering basal portion.
Pedipalps hardly distinguishable from M. terricola.
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, nearly 12 mm.
Carapace 6 mm. long, 5° mm. wide. Ist leg 15:5, 4th leg 16°5 mm.
long.
A (No. 7813) from Brandvlei, Wore., appears referable to this
species ; it differs from the Houwhoek ¢ in that the legs are uni-
colorous and longer relatively to the carapace, the latter being identical
in measurements with M. peringueyi; eyes, palp, scopulation, and
metatarsus IV are the same; the spination is slightly stronger, and
cephalic portion of carapace smoother and more reticulated than in
peringueyt.
Nine-? ? andjv. (No. B1555-6) from Beaufort West are practically
identical in appearance and characters with the Matjesfontein speci-
mens, and there is no doubt that the species extends also to the above
locality.
MoGGRIDGEA LATUS, N. Sp.
Specimens.—Nine ? 2 (types) and 32 jv. (No. 150,082), taken by
Dr. W. F. Purcell from an old mud wall at Caledon ; 7/10.
This species is very closely allied to M. peringueyi, and with the
advent of the male it may prove to be a very distinct local variety ;
the main distinction being in the ocular area and in general size.
Colour.—Carapace and legs infuscated brown; abdomen dark
purplish black above in adults, and testaceous below; the upper
surface bearing traces of testaceous spots and markings. In younger
specimens (seen in spirits) the abdomen has distinct testaceous
markings bringing out oblique lines down the abdomen; the anterior,
darker half of the abdomen usually has 4 testaceous spots forming a
square, and a continuation of light spots down each side; in some,
black oblique infuscations on a light surface make the principal
pattern, and in others the testaceous spots, somewhat elongated, on
a dark ground.
Carapace.—General proportions much as in peringuey?, t.e., width
nearly equal to leneth, and length equal to patella, tibia, and 1-2
metatarsus of Ist leg, and subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th
82 Annals of the South African Museum.
leg ; width of carapace reaches to centre of anterior eyes in /atus, and
not so far in peringueyt; fovea, etc. as in latter.
Hyes.—Ocular area at least 2} times as wide as long ; in peringueyi
it is only twice as wide as long. Anterior row with their hind
margins in a straight line, and their anterior margins procurved ;
medians small and about a diameter apart; laterals very large and
separated from medians by a distance at least equal to the space
occupied by both medians. Posterior row very slightly recurved,
almost as wide as anterior row; medians oval, oblique, larger than
laterals, and their own long diameter from the latter.
Coxae muticous; rest of characters as in peringueyi; the comb on
metatarsus IV is less compact and of longer, finer spines; also sternal
sigilla are larger and deeper than in the latter,
Measurements.—Largest specimen: chelicerae to end of abdomen
25°3 mm.; carapace 10 mm. long and 9 mm. wide.
MoaeGripa@ra TERRICOLA, Sim. (Text-fig. 1).
1903. Simon, E., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vol. 47, pt. 1, p. 22.
1903. Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign, vol. 2, pp. 878 and 881.
1903. Purcell, W., F., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, pp. 71 and 73.
1915. Hewitt, J., Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 2, p. 92.
Specimens.— 3 (No. 3499) and 4 Q@ 9 (Nos. 150,481 and B 1175),
Bergvleit, Diep R., Cape Peninsula (W. F. Purcell, 10/96 and 5/15).
g. Colour.—Carapace very dark mahogany-brown ; posterior legs
lighter in colour; abdomen dull testaceous, strongly infuscated dorsally,
especially posteriorly ; under surface pale; sternum pale yellowish-
brown ; anterior coxae somewhat darker.
Equal in length to tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg,
Carapace.
and equal to or slightly exceeding tibia and patella of 4th leg.
Surface densely granular save for a band from fovea to ocular
tubercle. Fovea slightly recurved.
Hyes.—Ocular area twice as wide as long. Front row of eyes
straight ; medians round, a radius apart, and larger than anterior
laterals, which are oval, oblique, and about a diameter distant from
the medians. Posterior row recurved and not so broad as anterior
row; medians small and flat and close to laterals, which are very
shghtly larger.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous; 8rd coxae with a small
patch of bristles corresponding to patch of spinules in 9.
Chelicerae with 4 small teeth on outer and 4 on inner margin ; no
rastellum. Posterior sternal sigilla large, inclined towards each other,
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 85
opposite posterior edge of 2nd coxae, and well separated from
margin.
Legs.—Clothed with short sparse hairs proximally, and longer more
numerous ones distally. Tarsi short and stout, spineless and scopu-
lated. Metatarsus I with 3 spines on anterior side and 3 on posterior.
Metatarsus II similar, but with finer spines. Former not scopulated
below, latter with a few scopular hairs anteriorly. Metatarsus II
with long stiff hairs, many somewhat spiniform in character; no
scopulation. Metatarsus IV similar and scopulated over } its length
below. Tibiae I and II well armed with stout spines.
Pedipalps spineless ; tibia swollen basally and hollowed out on
under surface, latter portion carrying long hairs; bulb (‘Text-fig. 1)
Fra. 1.—Moggridgea terricola, Sim. Right palp, under side.
oval, with process stout basally, tapering rapidly towards extremity,
and pointing outwards and upwards.
Measurements.—Total length 8 mm.; carapace 45 mm. long and
4mm. broad.
Gren. POECILOMIGAS, E. Sim.
PoEcILOMIGAS ABRAHAMI, O. P. Cambr.
1889. Moggridgea abrahami, Cambr., O. P., P. Z. S. 1889, p. 41, pl. 2,
fig. 3. . .
1889. Moggridgea tidmarshi, Lenz., Zool. Anz. Jhrg. 12, 1889, p. 578.
1892. Migas abrahami, Simon, K., Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2nd ed. v. 1,
pp. 82 and 84. . :
1895. Moggridgea abrahami, Pocock, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6),
vol. 16, p. 187.
1897. ns m Pocock, P. Z. 8. 1897, p. 733.
84. Annals of the South African Museum.
1902. Moggridgea abrahami, Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 10, p. 320.
1903. 4 Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2,
p- 881.
1903. Poecilomigas abrahami, Pocock, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4,
p. 72.
1915. $5 Hewitt, Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 2,
pole
Three @ specimens (Nos. B 1814, 1946, 1968) from Durban (H. W.
Bell-Marley, 11/15).
Notes on habitations.*—The nests of Poecilomigas are invariably
furnished with two trap-doors, one at each end of the tube. In one
example the rear trap-door is spun over with a dise of silk which is
connected by a prominently ridged band with another similar dise of
silk fastened on to the bark; the rear door is thus apparently held
down, but capable of being used if necessary. In another nest, how-
ever, the hinge of the posterior door is but slightly removed from the
anterior one—their distance apart is usually commensurate with the
size of the inhabilant—and the two silk discs are fastened one on
the side of each of the doors, and are themselves hinge to hinge (as in
the above example also) ; in this case the advantage seems so proble-
matical that it may be doubtful if the silk dises with their connecting
bands are the work of the spiders to whose habitatious they are
attached—-particularly as they are concealed by being covered with
grains of earth and sand instead of pieces of bark and lichen. In
another nest the doors were widely separated, the posterior one being
smaller than the anterior one, and securely fastened down on the
inside so as to be useless for escape (see also P. Z. 8. 1887, p. 42) ;
on this nest and on another similar one there were no traces of the
connected dises as above, which further seems to show that they are
not the work of the inhabitants of the nests to which they may be
attached as above.
Famity CTENIZIDAKE.
Gren. STASIMOPUS, Sim.
STASIMOPUS PURCELLI, n. sp. (Plate IX, fig. 1).
Specimens.— g (No. 150,432, type) from Caledon (W. F. Purcell,
7/10.
Colour.—Carapace, mandibles, and upper abdomen black; under
abdomen brown to purplish-black; sternum pale brown, darker
anteriorly ; coxae of pedipalps almost black; coxae of legs I and II
* See p. 136.
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 85
dark brown; UI and IV lighter, being an ochraceous brown with an
olivaceous tinge.
Carapace.—Strongly granulated and with deep cephalic grooves ;
ocular area and border of carapace reticulated. Central granular ridge
from ocular tubercle, distinct ; lateral ones not so distinct. Length of
carapace equal to metatarsus and }-2 tarsus of first leg, and to meta-
tarsus and about { tarsus of 4th leg; it is subequal in length to meta-
tarsus and tarsus of 2nd leg.
Hyes.—Front row straight, subequal, equidistant, laterals round.
Posterior row straight, medians small, directly behind inner side of
anterior laterals, and distant their own diameter from posterior
laterals.
Pedipalps extend to just over } tibia of Ist leg; otherwise as in
Plate IX, fig. 1.
Legs.—Tarsi I and II unspined. ‘Tarsus III with 1 spine on outer
side. ‘Tarsus [V with 8-10 small spines on outer side; all four tarsi
scopulated. Metatarsus I very slightly curved, 8 spines on inner and
9 on outer side. Metatarsus I] with 7 spines on inner side and 8 on
outer. Metatarsi IIT and IV spineless but with bristly hairs. 'Tibiae
I and II heavily spmed; IIL and IV unspined. Patella I with
5 apical spines on under and anterior surface ; patella Il with a few
weak spines, IIT and IV with none. Tarsal claw IV with 2 basal
teeth (allied species S. brevipalpis has 6 teeth around curve).
Measurements.—Total length 12 mm. ; carapace 5 mm. long; Ist
leg 16 mm.; 3rd leg 12°5; 4th leg 16°5 mm.
This species is closely alhed to S. brevipalpis (Purce.).
S. BREVIPALPIS, Pure.
1903. S. brevipalpis, Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 75.
1915. S. brevipalpis, Hewitt, Rec. Albany Mus. vol. 3, No. 2, p. 81.
A ¢ specimen (No. B 778) taken at Ashton Robst. Div. by
T. O’Connor 2/7/14 appears to be a black variety of brevipulpis ;
apart from colour it also has stronger setae and varies in spination.
The eyes also are slightly different ; the anterior row appearing even
slightly recurved, and the laterals round (approximately) and slightly
larger than the medians.
Srasimopus KENTANICUS, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 2).
1903. S. kentanicus, Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 82 and
lord
Dots
1915. S. kentanicus, Hewitt, Rec. Albany Mus. vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 84.
86 Annals of the South African Museum.
Specimens.—A ¢ (No. 14,685) from Kentani (H. P. Abernethy,
1909) ; also another ¢ (B 782) by the same collector but with no
locality or date.
Colour.—Upper surface of chelicerae, cephalothorax, and abdomen
deep black ; legs also black with very slight brownish tinge, as far as
tibiae ; metatarsi and tarsi brownish-red in colour. Sternum, coxae,
and bases of pedipalps very dark brown; under abdomen black ;
genital plate, lung operculae and spinners light brown.
Cephalothorax.—Length equals metatarsus and * tarsus of Ist leg,
and metatarsus and about } tarsus of 4th leg; also equals tibia and
patella, and slightly exceeds metatarsus and tarsus of 2nd leg. Border
of carapace slightly raised; ridges in centre of cephalic region well
marked ; middle one reaching nearly to fovea.
Hyes.—Front row slightly procurved : eyes equidistant ; laterals and
medians subequal, the medians being round and dark and the laterals
oval. Posterior row slightly recurved; laterals round, flat, smaller
than anterior medians, and dark; medians light, subtriangular, larger
than and almost touching laterals ; and situated almost behind anterior
laterals, to which they are subequal in size.
Spinners short and stout, equal in length to 3 the sternum, and
infuscated below as in female. Spinners and under abdomen some-
what hairy ; upper abdomen sparsely covered with black hairs.
Labium long, convex, and muticous. Posterior sternal sigilla long,
almost vertical, opposite 2 pair of legs, and more than their long
diameter from the margin.
Pedipalps.—Tibia long and swelling underneath posteriorly. Basal
portion of bulb broad and globular and ending in a long style, curved
outwards, tapering and fine. (Plate IX, fig. 2).
Chelicerae with 4-5 teeth on outer edge; 3-4 on inner, with a few
denticles between them.
Legs long and slender. Tarsus [I scopulate down centre; band of
18 short stout spines down outer side, and 11-12 down inner.
Metatarsus J not scopulate but heavily spined underneath and at
sides. Tibia I also heavily spined underneath; patella with a few
spines at apex underneath. ‘Tarsus and metatarsus II the same as
Ist leg; metatarsi I and II are long and swell very gradually distally.
Tarsi | and IL short compared with tarsi III and IV; narrow at
base and swelling in centre; broad on top; scopulated below; also
spined at sides, III less so than IV. Metatarsus III heavily and
irregularly spined underneath and at sides (spines longer). Femora
I and II long and slender; If[I and IV stouter and shorter and
swelling in centre below; [II shorter than IV or IL.
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 87
Measurements.—Length 17°8 mm. (spinners excluded). Carapace
7mm. long and 6°5 wide; Ist leg 24, 3rd leg 18°5, 4th leg 25°5 mm.
long.
Very similar to S. gigas (Hewitt), especially in appearance; though
considerably smaller, Latter however has stouter process to bulb,
and tarsus of first leg is far less heavily spined; 4th tarsal claws
of S. gigas have 3 stout basal spines and 4 small ones distally inside
the curve; kentanicus has a basal comb of about 5 spines and about
5 sharp teeth in curve; anterior claws also have more numerous,
sharper teeth.
STASIMOPUS NANUS, . sp.
Specimens.—A 9 (No. B 89, Type) from Smithfield, Orange Free
State, collected by Dr. Kannemeyer.
Colowr.—Carapace and legs dark olivaceous brown; lighter around
and below ocular tubercle; anterior legs slightly lighter; abdomen
dark above and below; under surface of legs, coxae and sternum
dull medium brown.
Carapace.—Subequal in length to patella, tibia, and metatarsus I.
Ocular tubercle-—Subequal to tibia or metatarsus I.
Anterior row of eyes with their centres in a straight line; laterals
large and broadly oval, transverse to shghtly oblique, and much less
than a median’s diameter from the latter; anterior medians small
and their own diameter apart. Posterior row also practically in a
straight line, with a tendency to slight recurvation; medians
subrotund, larger than anterior medians, and not quite so wide
apart as anterior laterals; narrowly separated from posterior laterals,
which are oval, subequal to medians in size and more raised ;
considerably less than their own diameter from anterior laterals ; a line
parallel to long axis of body wnd touching the outer edge of the latter,
would cut the posterior laterals through their centre.
Labium with 5 teeth, coxae of pedipalps with 8-10.
Spines.—Palps with about 8 distinct spinules at base of tarsus
above, and one or two scattered ones on distal upper surface of
tibia; 2 spines on inner surface of tibia and 5 on outer; and a band
of spines down each side of tarsus. Metatarsus I with basal patch of
spinules extending over about 4 of upper surface; area of spinules at
apex of tibia above, very small. Metatarsus II with the basal patch
of spinules extending over about 4 of its surface; that on the tibia
being less in size but greater than on tibia I. Inner surface of
tibia I with 3-5 spines; outer surface with about 25 spines.
Metatarsus III with about 10 spines on its anterior surface, and
88 Annals of the South African Museum.
with no spines on its under, apical surface, but with 1 or 2 spiniform
hairs. Tibia IIT with small anterior apical patch of spinules. Comb
on metatarsus ITV composed of 6—7 spiniform setae; the patch of red
spinules on patella IV above extending over about 4 the surface.
Measurements —Total length 14 mm. Carapace, length 4°8, width
4. mm.
Two @ 2 and two 2 Q jv. specimens (No. 14611) from same
locality and collector differ markedly in appearance from the above,
both in colour and size (largest 9 32°5 mm., carapace 10°8 long,
96 wide). The eyes are different and spination heavier than in
S. nanus.
Grn. IDIOPS, Perty.
Ip1ops PULLUS, n. sp. (Text-fig. 2 a and B).
Specimens.— $. (Type, No. 14706), from region west of Mafeking
and north of Vryburg (A. L. Du Toit, 1909).
Colowr.—Carapace and legs dark brown; legs lightening distally ;
abdomen clothed with short dark hairs, and almost the same colour
dorsally as carapace; slightly darker, though, anteriorly. Ventral
surface of abdomen dull ochraceous ; spinners, lung operculae, and
genital shield pale brown ; sternum and coxae pale brown.
Carapace eyual in length to metatarsus I and to metatarsus IV.
Fovea U-shaped with an almost semicircular depression anterior to it ;
in front of the latter are 2 small fine spines, one on each side ;
surface slightly granular and with a few short bristles posteriorly.
Hyes.—Anterior laterals broadly oval, prominent, only slightly
inclined outwards fron: central axis, and narrowly separated from each
other and from anterior border. Anterior medians large, circular,
and less than a radius distant from each other. Posterior row
procurved. Anterior laterals about an anterior median’s diameter
from the latter.
Sternum.—Posterior sigilla small, almost circular, and_ slightly
more than their own diameter from border; anterior sigilla similar
but smaller.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous.
Chelicerae with 4 teeth on outer and inner row (one chelicera has
only 3, but larger, on outer side).
Legs.—Metatarsus I very slightly curved upwards in centre; 1-2
apical spines below and 14-15 small, slightly curved spines down inner
side, and 14-16 longer ones down outer. Metatarsus II with 4 apical
spines on under surface and 6 other spines down outer edge and 1-2
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 89
down inner edge of under surface. Metatarsi III and IV with
numerous long, slender spines. ‘Tibia I (Text-fig. 28), has 2 apical
spurs on inner under surface. Anterior spur is very broad and thick
basally, and curves upwards and outwards; it is set on a very swollen
tubercle, and bears at its base anteriorly 2 bristles and a_ spine.
Posterior and more dorsal spur short, and curving downwards and
inwards. Scattered spines over rest of surface.
Fia. 2.—Idiops pullus, n.sp. A. Right hand palp, outer side. B. Tibia
of first leg, under inner side.
Patella ILL with dorsal row of 5-6 small spines and anterior patch
of about 20; only | or 2 spines on posterior surface. Patella IV with
about 10 spinules on proximal anterior surface, set ina band of stiff
short bristles, which extends to distal border.
Tarsi.—Tarsus I with a few scopular hairs distally, especially at
sides ; no spinules down centre; comb of spine-like bristles on border
towards base of claws ; 10 spines down outer and 7 down inner side.
Tarsus II with entire scopula ; 7 spines down outer and | or 2 down
90 Annals of the South African Museum.
inner side; slightly curved upwards distally. Tarsus IIT also with
entire scopula; stouter than metatarsus and also slightly curved
upwards distally ; 2 or 3 spines on anterior surface and 7 on posterior
surface. Metatarsus IV fairly stout, straight, and with 1 or 2 spines
on anterior surface and 4—5 on posterior surface.
Pedipalps.—Femur with 6 slender spines dorsally. Tibia elongate,
slightly swollen basally and slightly curved dorsally ; hollowed on
anterior outer side, but not spined. Numerous long bristle-like hairs
on under surface.
Palpal organ (‘Text-fig. 2a); bulb somewhat reniform in shape;
style broad basally, with soft white under surface, and terminating in
a slender curved process.
Measurements.—Carapace 6 mm. long, 5°5 wide; chelicerae to end
of abdomen 14-5 mim., Ist leg 26 mm., 4th leg about 25 mm.
Ipiops PALAPYI, n. sp. (T'ext-fig. 34 and B).
’ D
Specimens.— g. (Type, No. 14628), from Palapye, Bechuanaland
Protectorate (H. A. Fry, 1908).
Colour.—Carapace and legs light orange-brown, Ist leg becoming
darker and redder distally; abdomen dull testaceous, infuscated on
anterior dorsal surface and around genital aperture ; median under
surface dusky brown ; sternum, coxae, and under-side of legs yellowish-
brown.
Carapace equal in length to metatarsus I and to metatarsus and $
tarsus of 4th lee ;
tote)
spines equidistant from median line and midway between ocular
fovea deep, procurved, and semicircular; 2 small
area and a transverse depression in front of fovea. Surface of cara-
pace rugose; the small papillae bearing fine short spines, or stout
bristles ; especially noticeable posteriorly and at margins.
Hyes.—Anterior laterals broadly oval (almost circular) large, and
close together; separated from first group by a shallow transverse
depression.
Anterior medians circular, perhaps slightly larger than the laterals,
and about a radius apart. Posterior row recurved ; medians small,
laterals oval ; their front margins slightly in advance of hind margins
of anterior medians and about the latters’ diameter distant from
them. Ocular area black, the infuscation spreading beyond anterior
eyes to base of chelicerae.
Sternum.—Posterior sigilla almost. circular, opposite 2nd pair of
legs, moderately large, and their own diameter from border. Anterior
sigilla smaller, similar, and opposite Ist pair of legs.
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). ot
Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Rastellum composed of
3 stout spines on inner apical side and one or two smaller spines.
Chelicerae with 6 teeth on inner row and 5 teeth on outer row.
Legs.— Metatarsus I curved strongly upwards and inwards towards
base ; 5—6 spines on outer side and 6 smaller ones on inner side ante-
riorly ; rest of surface covered with numerous fine, regular, spine-like
hairs shorter on under surface. Metatarsus IT straight or only very
slightly curved; 6 spines on inner side; rest of surface with fine
A.
Fra. 3 —Idiops palapyi, n.sp. A. Right hand palp from inner side. B. Tibia
of right hand first leg from inner side.
black setal hairs. Metatarsus III fairly heavily spined, especially
at apex; rest of surface with fine spine-like hairs, longer on under
surface ; similarly with metatarsus IV.
Tibia I (Text-fig. 38) armed at apex on inner side with single
straight projecting spur, set on a narrow tubercle at the base of which
is a spine towards the outer side, below, and a black nipple on the
inner side below; 2 other apical spines towards outside of under
surface and 20-22 other spines on rest of under surface; 2 short
spines on outer surface centrally ; rest of surface with black setae.
Tibia IT with 3 apical spies on under and inner surface and
92 Annals of the South African Museum.
19-20 spines on rest of under surface. Also with 2 spines on outer
surface centrally and black setae elsewhere.
Patella III with short spines on anterior border of upper surface ; a
central line of 7 short spines and an anterior longitudinal strip of about
10 spines, all set in an area of short black setae; also with 2 short
spines posteriorly and a curved spine on under surface towards apex.
Patella IV less numerously spined, especially anteriorly.
Tarsi.—Tarsus I short; a few scopular hairs distally on each side
of under surface, with a double row of short spines between the
patches ; each row broadens out towards the base of tarsus into an
irregular, scattered area of small spines ; distally, each row is connected
to the base of the claws by a comb-like arrangement of 6 longer,
regular spines ; there are one or two longer spines on the sides, distally,
and setose hairs on remainder of surface. ‘Tarsus IT with slightly larger
and more distinct scopular patches and a less numerous but more
recular row of spines down centre; distal combs not so pronounced ;
2 or 3 more spines than on tarsus I, and slightly swollen distally.
Tarsus IIT short, much stouter than metatarsus and swollen over
whole of lower surface, particularly in centre; an entire and dense
scopula on under surface; one or two spines on sides. Tarsus IV
similar but not quite so swollen.
Pedipalps.—Femur with a row of 3 spines on upper surface. Patella
with 0-1 spines on outer side. Tibia swollen basally, arched dorsally
and with a deep hollow on under outer side; outer edge of hollow
with 4 long spines anteriorly, an irregular cluster of spines posteriorly
and numerous denticles on arch between. Tarsus small; palpal organ
as in Text-fig. 8 a; soft under portion below style bearing a lobe.
Measurements.—Carapace 8 mm. long, 69 mm. wide; Ist leg 32 mm.;
Ath 27°5. Total length (chelicerae to end of abdomen) 19°7 mm.
This species appears closely allied to I. parvus (Hewitt) (Ree.
Albany Mus,, vol. iii, No. 1, p. 7),
Ipiorps KENTANICUS, Pure. (Text-fig. 4.4 and B).
(See pp. 127 and 128.)
1903. Acanthodon kentanicus, Purcell, Ann.S. Afr. Mus. vol.3, pt. 4, p. 89.
1904. Ctenolophus kentanicus, Purcell, 'l'r. 8. Afr. Phil. Soe. vol. xv,
pt. 3; p. 11s:
Specimens.— & (No. 14,528) from Kentani (Miss Pegler, 1905).
Colour—Carapace dark brown; legs slightly lighter, especially
distally, where there is also a faint olivaceous tinge; upper surface of
abdomen almost black; under surface dull testaceous ; sternum and
coxae pale brown.
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 93
Carapace equal in length to 4th metatarsus, and to metatarsus and
about 1 tarsus of Ist leg; fovea crescentic and with small and incon-
spicuous depression in front of it, scattered papillae of surface bearing
Fia. 4.—Idiops kentanicus, Pure. A. Right palp, outer side. B. Tibia
of left first leg, under side.
hairs ; border of carapace slightly raised and separated by a narrow
eroove.
Eyes.—Anterior laterals broadly oval, close together and slightly
facing outwards ; larger than anterior medians which are slightly more
than a radius apart. Distance from front of anterior laterals to rear
of anterior medians equal to breadth of posterior row. Latter is pro-
curved; medians close to anterior medians.
Sternum.—Posterior sigilla indistinct, small and marginal; anterior
sigilla small and touching margin opposite centre of Ist leg.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Rastellum composed of
3-4. strong spines set on a projecting tubercle, and 3 or 4 spines con-
tinued round on upper inner edge of chelicerae.
Chelicerae with 5 teeth on inner edge and 4—5 denticles at base on
outer edge.
o4. Annals of the South African Museum.
Legs.—Metatarsus I curved sharply upwards and inwards just over
, of its length from base; inner side of bend slightly swollen, darker,
and bearing 5—6 spinules or short spine-like hairs ; 2 apical and 1 other
spine on inner surface ; | apical and 1 other spine anteriorly on outer
surface. Metatarsus IT slightly curved upwards, with 1 apical and
3 other spines on outer edge of under surface. Metatarsi ITT and IV
very slightly curved and with long fine spines on under surface.
Tibia I stout, cylindrical, and shorter than metatarsus, bearing the
usual 2 spurs (‘Text-fig. 48); anterior spur apical, stout, and curved,
and with a long spine at base of tubercle; 2nd spur short and blunt ;
also 2 spines apically and 3 other spines on outer under surface.
Patella ITT with 14 spinules on anterior surface; none dorsally, and
2-3 apically on posterior surface. Patella [TV with about 20 spinules
on proximal portion of anterior surface and 15-16 ina similar position
on posterior surface.
Tarsi in general about % length of metatarsus. Tarsus I scopulated
over whole length and with 1 spine on each lateral surface. Tarsus IT
secopulated and spineless. 'Tarsi IIT and IV scopulated and with a
few spines.
Pedipalps—Femur with line of stiff bristles down centre. ‘Tibia
swollen basally and with small, almost semicircular hollow on under
surface anteriorly ; outer arch of latter well spined, especially pos-
teriorly. Bulb (‘Text-fig. 44) broadly reniform, process flattened
basally and curved out and upwards.
Measurements.—Carapace 4 mm. long, 3°56 mm. wide. Tibia [
32mm. Total length 9°5 mm.
No ? was taken at the same time, but the specimen seems to fit in
as the ¢ of I. kentanicus rather than of J. kolbei (Purc.), also from
Kentani. From the ¢ of the remaining Kentani species, I. spiricola,
it differs in most details. It is closely allied, however, to I. cregoei
from Durban; the palpal organ is similar but the process is slenderer
and not spatulate at its extremity ; the Ist metatarsus is more strongly
curved and the tibial spines somewhat stouter.
Gen. ANCYLOTRYPA, E. Sim.
ANCYLOTRYPA PUSILLA, Pure.
1903. A. pusilla, Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus, vol. 3, pt. 1, p. 27.
Specimens.—Two 99 (Nos. B 2608-9) from De Aar (S. C.
Schreiner and Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/13), and 1 2 (No. 9454) from
Vilag Kop 5-6 miles north of Hanover (Schreiner, 10/01).
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 95
2. Carapace.—Cephalic portion very much raised, pale brown in
colour and with a line of long setae down the centre ; thoracic portion
more infuscated, especially posteriorly, to fovea; latter procurved.
Length of carapace equal to patella, tibia, and metatarsus and tarsus
of Ist leg; and to tibia, metatarsus, and about 1 tarsus of 4th lee.
Carapace considerably narrower opposite 3rd pair of legs.
Hyes.—Seen from above, hind margins of anterior row are in a
slightly recurved line, and anterior margins in a distinetly procurved
line; anterior medians small, round, and nearer to anterior laterals
than to each other. Anterior laterals large, oval, and oblique. Pos-
terior row strongly recurved ; medians slightly larger than laterals, and
almost circular but unsymmetrical in outline ; laterals slightly removed,
and oval. Ocular area at least 21 times as wide as long.
Abdomen long, broader posteriorly ; almost uniform dark olive-brown
in colour; lung operculae and genital plate lighter brown ; spinners
short and stout.
Sternum, coxae, ete., light brown in colour ; posterior sternal sigilla
oval, oblique, about their long diameter from the margin and opposite
ord coxae.
Labium about as long as broad and muticous. Coxae of pedipalps
with a few scattered denticles at base of anterior border.
Chelicerae stout; rastellum composed of very stout spines; the
2 anterior ones blunt and prominent, with a more inner inwardly
projecting smaller spine; groove with numerous denticles down centre,
and 6—7 teeth down inner border; hairs around mouth parts dull in
colour.
Legs.—Tarsi I and If scopulate and spineless. Tarsus IIL with
long, sparse, scopular-like hairs, and a row of 4 spines on each side of
upper surface, and a cluster of 3-4 spines on anterior surface distally.
Tarsus IV with long setose hairs, and with about 15 small spines on
under and anterior surface. Metatarsus I lightly scopulated, slightly
more densely at sides and bearing 3 apical spines, a median, and a
basal spine on under surface. Metatarsus IT similarly spined but
scarcely scopulated. Metatarsus III with 2 apical spines on under
surface, and a band of 10-11 small spines along each side of upper
surface ; and 2 apical spines on anterior surface. Metatarsus IV with
2 strong apical spines on basal and 2 on anterior surface ; 10-1] short
spines on anterior surface, and 1 apically on posterior surface. 'Tibiae
T and II with 4-5 spines in a line down centre. Tibia IIT with 5-6
spines in an irregular band down each side of upper surface. Tibia
IV with some setiform hairs on under surface, and a row of setae
along posterior side of upper surface. Patella IIT with a dense area
7
J6 Annals of the South African Museum.
of short reddish spines on anterior upper surface ; rest of upper surface
with strong setae. Femur IV with a dense row of moderately long
reddish spines on anterior and upper apical edge.
Measurements.—Carapace 4mm. long and 2°8 mm. wide. Chelicerae
to end of abdomen 14°5 mm.
ANCYLOTRYPA SPINOSA, Sim.
1889. Ancylotrypa spinosa, Simon, Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. vol. 42, p. 407.
1892. Bolostromus spinosa, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2 ed. vol. 1,
p. 100.
1897. Ancylotrypa spinosa, Pocock, P.Z.S. 1897, p. 732.
Specimens.— 9 (No. 4242) from Pt. Elizabeth (J.J. Drége, 1898).
As there is no corresponding ¢ the identification may be doubtful,
so the following description is provisional.
Carapace.—Light ochraceous brown; darker at sides of cephalic
portion; latter not so raised as in A. pusilla; otherwise the same as
in the latter. In length subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th leg,
and probably equal to tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg ; (anterior legs
damaged ).
Hyes.—Hind margins of anterior row in a straight to slightly
procurved line. Anterior medians closer together than in A. pusilla,
and equidistant from laterals. Posterior row recurved; laterals larger
than medians. Breadth of ocular area only slightly over twice its
length.
Abdomen.—Dull testaceous below and with uniform infuscation
above.
Sternum and coxae of legs light brown in colour; sigilla as in
pusilla.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous.
Chelicerae.—Much as in pusilla; hairs around mouth parts reddish
in colour.
Legs.—Varsi I and II very slightly scopulated at sides, and spine-
less. Tarsus III with 3 small spines on posterior border of upper
surface, and 4-5 distally on under surface; rest of surface clothed
with long hairs. Tarsus [IV with long setose hairs and 7-8 small
spines on under surface distally. Metatarsus I with 3 apical, 1 mesial,
and 1 basal spines on under surface; fairly densely clothed and with a
few scopular hairs distally. Metatarsus IT similar but with longer
spines. Metatarsus III with 8 small spines on posterior side and 5-6
on anterior side of upper surface, the apical spines being longer and
curved; also 2 slender apical, and 1 or 2 other spines on under surface,
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 97
Metatarsus IV with 11-12 spines on under surface, the 2 central apical
ones being the strongest ; also 2 spines on posterior upper surface.
Tibia I with a weak line of setiform spines below; tibia IT similar but
stronger. Tibia ITI with 2 spines on posterior surface and 2-3 on
anterior surface. Tibia IV with several setiform spines on under surface.
Patella IIT with 20-24 spines on anterior surface, and 2 stouter spines
on posterior border of upper surface. Patella TV muticous.
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 11 mm. Leneth
of carapace 3°5 mm. ; breadth 2°7 mm.
Gren. HOMOSTOLA, E. Sim.
HomostToLa ZEBRINA, Pure.*
1902. H. zebrina, Purcell, Tr. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 359.
1903. a Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 94.
1915. * Hewitt, Ann. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 130.
This species has been included by Hewitt as a synonym of Spiroc-
tenus (Ann. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, pp. 221 and 223); on examining
the specimens in the Museum collection, and also two others from
localities noted below, it seems fairly clear that Purcell’s zebrina is
rightly referred to the genus Homostola; and further, that it is not
synonomous with Spiroctenus. Apart from the differences in size and
position of the posterior sternal sigilla (an important character), the
other characters such as scopulation of anterior metatarsi serve to
distinguish it.
Additional notes on 2.
Specimens.— 2 (No. B 1140) from Clairmont, Natal (H. W. Bell
Marley, 3/15); and 9 (No. 150506) from Howick, Natal (Dr. W. F.
Purcell, 9/05).
Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus of
Ist leg (in Pureell’s specimens, No. 8445 ex typis, Pietermaritzburg,
carapace slightly exceeds the above in length) ; also equal in length to
patella and tibia, and exceeding metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg.
Chelicerae.—Dark red-brown, almost black in colour; rastellum
composed of a row of about 6 strong, fairly even teeth on the inner
side and stout bristles in continuation to the outer edge. Groove
armed with 10-11 teeth down the inner side, and a line of 6 teeth
diminishing in size to a few denticles down the outer side; a few
denticles in the groove between, basally.
Legs.—Metatarsus III with a comb of about 4 stout setiform bristles,
apically, on both anterior and posterior sides of the under surface.
* See p. 136.
98 Annals of the South African Museum.
Metatarsus TV has 2 stout apical spines on the under surface, and
between them is the Ist of a line of strong setae which runs down the
central under surface ; between this setal spine and the outer apical
spine is a small comb of 2-3 setae ; on the posterior (or inner) side of
the inner apical spine is a broad comb of 5-6 bristles (mentioned by
Hewitt in Ann. Durban Mus vol.i, pt. 2, p.130). Arrangement
of spines otherwise agrees with that given in Purcell’s description.
Anterior tarsi and metatarsi slightly flattened dorsoventrally ; meta-
tursi short.
Gen. SPIROCTENUS, E. Sim.
SPIROCTENUS CAMBIERAE, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 3).
1902. Hermachastes cambierae, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soe. vol. 11,
pt. 4, p. 369.
1903. Spiroctenus cambierae, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2,
p. 907.
Specimens.—3 gf and 1 ? from Caledon (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10).
2 Colowr.—Carapace and legs dull brown, tinged with olive. Abdo-
men dark, almost black, both dorsally and ventrally; and with no
outstanding dorsal pattern, but with a narrow band of confluent dull
testaceous spots down the centre of the ventral surface ; lung operculae,
genital plate, and spinners about the same colour as the sternum, ete. ;
i.e. slightly lighter than the carapace. (The ¢@ is of the same
colour in general, though slightly browner; the type ¢ of Purcell’s
description appears also to have become slightly darker and less
ochraceous after years in spirits.)
Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and }—} tarsus of
Ist leg; slightly exceeding metatarsus and tarsus, and equalling patella
and tibia of 4th leg. Fovea broad, deep, straight at the bottom, and
slightly procurved at the ends.
Eyes.—Anterior row with their centres in a straight line; medians
smaller than laterals. Posterior medians long, light, subequal to
laterals and almost touching them.
Equal in length to about + of sternum ; apical joint
Spinners.
short and blunt.
Labium with 4 teeth along its apical edge; coxae of pedipalps with
25 or more denticles. Chelicerae with 7 large teeth.
Pedipalps.—Tarsi with 1-2 spines on under side; tibia with about
10 moderately long spines on under surface.
Legs.—Tarsus of Ist leg unspined but scopulated ; metatarsus
slightly scopulated anteriorly, and with 5 spines on under surface ;
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 8)
2nd leg the same, save that the metatarsus has only 2 spines below
the outer apical one, and 1 weak one mesially below the inner apical
spine; neither legs have lateral or dorsal spines. Tarsi III and IV
scopulated but unspined. Metatarsi spined on all surfaces.
Measurements.—Length 17 mm. Carapace 5mm. long. Ist leg
12 mm., 4th 12°5 mm.
For palp of $ specimens, and for the arrangement of spines on tibia
avd metatarsus of Ist leg, see Plate IX, fig. 3.
SPIROCTENUS COLLINUS, Poc. (Plate IX, fig. 4 a-p).
1900. Hermachastes collinus, Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 6, p. 319.
1902. 5 ‘a Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 10, p. 15.
1902. . es Purcell; Tr. 8: Atr. Phil Soc. vol, Ul
pt. 4, p. 364.
1903. Spiroctenus collinus, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907.
1903. Bemmeris pardalina, Simon, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 42.
1903. pA i Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 896.
Additional Notes.
Specimens.—A number of ¢ ¢ and ? 2 from localities on the
Cape Peninsula.
The colouring of a g (No. B1128), which is probably newly
moulted, is as follows: Carapace ochraceous, with deep olive in-
fuscations in the cephalic region and posterior carapace, and to a
less extent in lateral radiations from the fovea. Legs pale ochraceous
below, infuscated above on femora, and browner from patellae
onwards. Pedipalps lighter and tinged olivaceous ; abdomen infus-
cated above, with testaceous markings posteriorly, bringing out central
and oblique dark lines. Abdomen with its sides and under surface
pale testaceous with a distinct green tinge; lung operculae and genital
plate darker and browner.
Carapace.—Fovea deep and slightly recurved.
Hyes.—Front row slightly procurved and equidistant; laterals
slightly larger than medians. Posterior row well recurved ; medians
subrotund and not touching laterals, which are more oblique.
Labium with 6-7 teeth; chelicerae with 8-9, and an outer row of
minute denticles towards base of groove (2-38 deep basally).
Pedipalps.—As in Plate LX, fig.4.a; general position as in B and c,
The apparent difference is caused by contortion of the palpal organ
(it occurs in other specimens), whereby a different aspect is presented
from that usually seen.
100 Annals of the South African Museum.
Spines.—Tibia and metatarsus I as in Plate IX, fig. 4p; this type of
spine arrangement on the tibia appears to be more common and less
distinctive amongst. the Spiroctenidae.
A 3 specimen (No. B 796) from Mouille Pt., Cape Town, is coloured
much the same, save that the abdomen is less green and more ochra-
ceous. Palps as in B and c. The colouring of the above specimens
has been noted, since the examples had been but a comparatively short
time in spirits before being examined, and so have undergone less
alteration.
Amended Description of Female.
Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and + tarsus of
Ist leg ; slightly exceeding patella and tibia, and equal to or slightly
exceeding metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Fovea straight.
Sternum.—Posterior sigilla oval and slightly less than their long
diameter from the margin.
Labium.—Armed with 2-4 teeth; coxae of pedipalps with about
30 teeth.
Chelicerae with 9-10 teeth and a double row of 15-16 denticles
towards the base.
Spines.——Tarsus of pedipalps with 2 spines on inner side and 2 on
outer; tibia with about 9 fine spines below. Metatarsus I with 3
spives down outer and 2 down inner side; tibia I with 2 long, fine
spines on outer side. Metatarsus II the same as I, but generally
with a line of setae down the centre also; both have only a few
scopular hairs distally. Tibia IL with a few fine spines and setae on
under surface; or in some cases with a double row of fine spines down
the centre.
All tarsi scopulated ; posterior ones more coarsely.
Tibia of Ist leg equal in length to the metatarsus.
Claws of Ist and 4th legs with 5 teeth on outer basal row, and 5 teeth
or more on the distal axial row.
Seventeen ? 2 (No. B 2583) from Sneeuwgat Valley (4000-5000 ft.),
Gt. Winterhoek Mountains, Tulbagh (R W. 'Tucker, 4/16), appear re-
ferable to this species also; unfortunately no @ was obtained, so
it cannot be determined whether the differences noted below are
sufficient to separate them as a different species. In colour and
appearance they coincide with collinus, though perhaps slightly
darker; and in most other characters they are identical. The
anterior legs of the Winterhoek specimens, however, are much longer
than in the above species, being equal to, or even greater in length
than, the 4th legs, the latter coinciding with Pocock’s measurements.
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 101
In consequence, the length of the carapace equals that of tibia and
metatarsus of lst leg alone.
The terminal joint of the spinners is almost hemispherical, and
shorter than in S. collinus. Also the posterior median eyes are
somewhat smaller and the anterior row is slightly more recurved.
Dentition and spination correspond throughout, though the latter
may be somewhat more robust.
Four ? ? specimens, not fully adult, taken by Dr. W. F. Purcell
and R. M. Lightfoot (8/03) at Tulbagh Road Station, agree even
more closely with S. collinus, since the front legs are normal in
length and the terminal joints of the spinners is longer. As this
species predominates on the Peninsula it may well have extended to
the Tulbagh Valley and environs.
SPIROCTENUS BROOMLI, N. sp.
Specumens.—Ten 2 2 (No. 15843 Types) from Stellenbosch. (Dr.
Broom, 9/10/04.) This distinct species was named by Dr. Purcell,
but no description of it published.
Colour.—Very dark. Carapace dark infuscated brown; upper
abdomen dull purplish black with faint testaceous flecks; under
abdomen slightly lighter; genital plate and lung operculae pale
brown. Sternum and coxae a lighter, redder brown than the carapace ;
legs dark, especially the anterior ones, the posterior ones being
slightly lighter. Patellae lighter and slightly redder.
Carapace.— Equal in length to the tibia, metatarsus and 4—} tarsus
of Ist leg, and exceeding the metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Slightly
pilose posteriorly. Fovea as wide as or wider than the ocular tubercle ;
deep and slightly procuryed:
Hyes.—Posterior medians oval, slightly smaller than anterior
medians, equal to posterior laterals, and touching the latter. Posterior
laterals smaller than the anterior laterals.
Spinners stout ; equal in length to about 3 of the sternum; apical
segment subconical and about equal in length to } the median
segment.
Sternwm.—Posterior sternal sigilla oval, opposite anterior side of
3rd coxae, and about 4 their long diameter from the margin.
Labium.—With 4-5 stout teeth ; coxae of pedipalps with about 40
denticles.
Chelicerae.—With 9-10 teeth on the inner side, and an irregular
row of about 15 denticles towards outer side of the base of the groove.
Rastellum composed of long stout spines on the inner edge and long
stout bristles on the outer edge.
102 Annals of the South African Museum.
Legs-—Clothed with longish dark hairs, often bristle-like. 'Tarsi
scopulate and spineless. Metatarsus I with very few scopular hairs
anteriorly, and bearing 2 apical and 3 other spines on the under
surface ; metatarsus II with no scopular hairs, but with many bristly
ones ; 3 apical, and 3 other spines on lower surface; metatarsi IIT and
IV well spined. Patella IIT with 3 spines anteriorly, and clothed with
fairly stiff hairs ; patella [V with no spines or stout bristles.
Tarsal claws of 4th leg with 5—6 teeth on outer side towards base
(distal 3 large), and 4 in a more distal position on the axial side; Ist
leg with the usual S-shaped line of teeth, composed of 5 outer basal
ones and 5 inner or axial ones, very much smaller in size.
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 20°5 mm. ; spinners
26mm. Carapace 7 mm. long and 5 mm. wide; sternum 3°5 mm.
long and 3 mm. wide. One specimen, larger than the rest, had
measurements as follows: Length 25 mm.; spinners 3°25 mm.; cara-
pace 7°5 mm. long and 5°25 mm. wide; sternum 4 mm. long and 3°6
wide. ‘The spination was also slightly stronger. ‘This species is
remarkably like in appearance—colour, size, etc.—to a number of
Hermacha (see under H. nigra), collected by Dr. Broom at the same
place and date.
According to the collector, the tubes of these specimens had low
turrets round their openings, and interiorly had a looping passage
connecting the lower with the upper end.
SPIROCTENUS PILOSUS, 0. Sp.
Specimens.— One 2 (Type, No. B250), from Smithfield, Orange
Free State (Dr. Kannemeyer).
This specimen has been named provisionally in the absence of
further material, since little is known of the Orange Free State
Spiroctenidae ; and the example certainly differs from the Cape ? 9.
Colour.—Carapace medium brown; cephalic portion infuscated,
especially along median and lateral lines; slight infuscate radiations
from fovea ; abdomen of specimen rather crushed ; sternum and coxae
of legs ochraceous brown, slightly redder anteriorly; labium dark ;
chelicerae red-brown below, darker above; femora of legs ochraceous,
tinged olivaceous above, and from patella onwards ochraceous brown,
becoming slightly redder distally.
Carapace.—Ornamented with fine, rather scattered hairs, which are
more numerous posteriorly. Equal in length to tibia and metatarsus
of Ist leg, and exceeding metatarsus and tarsus, and also patella and
tibia of 4th leg. Metatarsus of Ist leg subequal in length to the
tibia. Fovea slightly procurved.
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 103
Eyes.—Anterior row procurved ; laterals much larger than medians,
oval, and oblique; posterior row recurved, medians slightly smaller
than the laterals and touching them.
Chelicerae.—Inner margin of groove with 9 teeth; outer margin
with 9-10 denticles towards base, the anterior ones being equal to
small teeth in size.
Labium.—Convex anteriorly, and bearing a few spine-like hairs.
Coxae of pedipalps with about 30 teeth, each set in a small circular
cup. Rastellum composed of stout spines.
Sternum, coxae, and legs covered with fine, long dark hairs; the
abdomen also appears well clothed. Posterior sternal sigilla long,
oval, opposite 3rd pair of legs, and less than their long diameter from
the margin. Tarsi scopulate ; posterior ones coarsely.
Spines.—'Tarsi of palps with 2 small spines anteriorly, and 2 along
inner side of under surface; tibiae with 8-9 fine spines on under
surface. ‘T'arsi spineless. Metatarsus I with 3 apical spines and 2
others in line below on outer side of under surface. Metatarsus IL
the same, with sometimes an extra spine on the outer edge and a
mesial spine on the inner edge of the under surface. Tibia I with 0-1
spines about the centre of the under surface; tibia IL with 1 spine
mesially on under surface; tibia IIT short and stout, with 3-4
spines on upper anterior surface, and with some setiform spines on
under surface. Upper surfaces of patellae IIIT and IV, especially IV,
furnished with stout reddish bristles. Anterior side of femur of 4th
leg armed apically with spinule-like bristles, which on the upper edge
are reddish in colour.
Tarsal claws of 4th leg bearing 4 strong teeth at the base on outer
side, and | tooth and 2 smaller denticles anteriorly on the axial side ;
the claws of the 4th leg armed with 5-6 basal teeth on the outer side,
and 4 teeth on the axial side distally.
Measurements.—Length (abdomen damaged) probably about, or
over, 20 mm. Carapace 7 mm. long, 6'4mm. wide. Ist leg 18°5 mm..
long, 3rd 12°5 mm., and 4th 14 mm. long.
SPIROCTENUS VALIDUS, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 5).
1902. Hermachastes validus, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11,
p. 367.
1903. Spiroctenus validus, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2,
p. 907.
Specimens.—T'wo g and one ?, Caledon (No. 150,408). Dr. W. F.
Purcell, 7/10.
104. Annals of the South African Museum.
$ Colour less red and more olivaceous than type of S. validus
(Pure.); carapace similarly infuscated, legs more ochraceous and
femora not so dark; tibiae and metatarsi ochraceous brown;
infuscated spots above spinners on ventral surface are large.
Palps.—As in Plate IX, fig. 5a, B, and oc.
Legs.—Spination of under surface of tibia and metatarsus of Ist
leg (right-hand side) as in Plate IX, fig. 5 p.
Measurements.—Total length 14 (excludiug spinners). Carapace
64; Ist leg 18 mm., 4th leg 21; the specimens are thus smaller than
the types from Ashton.
? Agrees more in colour with the immature specimens of S. validus.
Other specimens taken from Caledon by Dr. Purcell at the same
time have been referred to S. validus. Of these, one calls for note,
since in appearance it resembles Stictogaster reticulatus (Pure.) ; its
sternal sigilla correspond to Spiroctenus, but in many respects it
varies from that genus. It has 12 teeth on the interior border of
cheliceral grooves and 13 small teeth or denticles on outer border
towards centre; the labium has 4 strong teeth, and the coxae of the
pedipalps about 60; the tarsi of the pedipalps are spined. The
length of the carapace exceeds the tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg
and equals the tibia, metatarsus and about } tarsus of Ist leg; in
this it agrees with S. flavopunctatus, which it also resembles in
abdominal markings, but greatly exceeds in size. A similar specimen,
though shorter in carapace, has been identified as S. validus, by
Purcell, from Montague Baths, Caledon. It is recorded of one of
the Caledon specimens that the nest is Y-shaped and has a turret
similar to that constructed by S. collinus.
SPIROCTENUS GOOLDI, Pure.
1903. Hermachastes gooldi, Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 8, pt. 4,
Digo:
Specimens.— $ (No. B 2341). St. James. Cape Peninsula. (Cyril
French, 7/09). This example differs from either of the Peninsula
species, collinus and lightfooti, but agrees in size and proportions,
palp and spination (with slight variations), with the type specimen
of S. gooldi. In appearance it is darker in colour, and slightly
stouter.
To the description of gooldi may be added—
Carapace equal in length to 4th metatarsus and subequal to patella
and tibia and to metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg; in this it coincides
with S. collinus, but differs from 8S. tricalearatus (Pure.), to which
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 105
it is closely allied in palpal organ and spination. In ftricalcaratus
the carapace equals metatarsus and } tarsus of 4th leg and is less
than patella and tibia, and metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg.
Spinners equal in length to } of sternum, as in tricalearatus ; in
collinus the spinners are the same length as sternum.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps are muticous.
Chelicerae with 8 teeth and a few minute scattered denticles.
SPIROCTENUS PURCELLI, n.sp. Plate IX, fig. 6 a, B, and c).
Specimens.— $ (Type No. 150,472), Simonstown. (Dr. W. F.
Purcell, 4/10).
Colouwr.—Carapace and upper surface of femora dark ochraceous
brown. Cephalic portion slightly darker, with a line down centre
to fovea; under surface of femora lighter and tinged with olive;
legs slightly browner and darker distally; palps lighter distally and
tinged with olive. Entire under surface ochraceous; upper surface
of abdomen strongly infuscated, especially anteriorly; posteriorly,
infuscation takes the form of a central dark line and 3 to 4 distinct
oblique dark lines branching from it; sides of abdomen clear ochraceous ;
small dark spot on under abdomen below each posterior spinner.
Carapace.—Equal in length to patella and * tibia of Ist leg, or
to metatarsus and } tarsus of Ist leg, and equals £ metatarsus IV.
Fovea deep and very strongly recurved.
Hyes.—Front row well procurved and large; medians round, laterals
oval, larger, and equidistant. Posterior row recurved; medians oval,
shghtly smaller than laterals and touching them.
Lubium and coxae of pedipalps muticous; chelicerae with 9 teeth,
Posterior spinners equal in leneth to | sternum; posterior joint just
less than } subapical joint.
Pedipalps.—As in Plate IX, fig. 6 a and B.; ef. S. collinus (Pure.).
Legs.—Tarsi muticous (may have small spinules below). Scopulae
divided by line of setae in every case; setal band of IV being broad
and merging with scopula. The lines of setae down tarsi I and II
are continued down the metatarsi, which are scopulated distally
over 3 to 4 of their length. Metatarsus I fairly strongly curved ;
spined below, as in Plate IX, fig. 6c. Tibia I as in Plate IX, fig. 6c.
Metatarsus II with 1 apical spine on inner edge, 1 below it mesially ;
3 spines down inner side and one in centre of outer side; also, one
on upper surface below centre.
Measurements.—Total length 19°5 mm., excluding spinners; 21°6
including them. Carapace, 6 mm. long, 4°75 wide, Ist leg 20-5;
4th leg 25 mm.
106 Annals of the South African Museum.
Gren. HERMACHA, E. Sim.
HERMACHA CURVIPES, Pure.
1902. Hermacha curvipes, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soe. vol. 11, pt. 4,
p. 377.
Specimens.—Numerous ? 2? from Simonstown; collected by Dr.
W. F. Purcell.
2? Colour medium brown; carapace and legs syncolorous, chelicerae
slightly darker; abdomen dull testaceous brown on upper surface,
with moderately distinct tree pattern; under surface yellowish-brown ;
whole of abdomen covered with long yellowish-brown hairs.
Carapace covered with appressed, golden silky hairs; fovea straight
and about as wide as ocular tubercle. Length of carapace equal to
metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg; also equals tibia, metatarsus and >
tarsus of Ist leg.
Hyes.—Anterior row with hind margins in a straight line, and front
margins slightly procurved; anterior medians about % their own
diameter apart; laterals elongate and about a median’s diameter from
margin. Posterior row recurved; medians small, ovate, and almost
touching laterals. Posterior laterals longer and equal in area to
anterior laterals.
Labium with 0-2 denticles.
Chelicerae with 9 teeth (occasionally with 1] on one chelicera) ; and
a row of irregular, fairly numerous denticles at base of groove. Coxae
of pedipalps with large area of denticles (about 90), distal ones
scattered.
Spinners.—Posterior spinners long; equal in length to sternum and
twice labium and also from fovea to front edge of carapace or over.
Distal segment long and slender, as long as basal segment and slightly
longer than middle segment ; anterior spinners about their own length
apart.
Sternum and coxae yellowish-brown and well clad with darker brown
hairs, which are stiffer around margin of sternum. Posterior sigilla
nearly touching margin; long and oval.
Spines.—Pedipalps: tibiae with 4 apical, 2 mesial and 2 basal spines
on under surface and | on inner side. ‘Tarsi with no spines. Meta-
tarsus | with 2 apical, 1 mesial, and 1 basal spines on under surface.
Metatarsus II with 5-7 spmes on under surface, and 1] large median
Spine on upper inner surface. Metatarsus III heavily spined, espe-
cially on outer and upper surfaces. Metatarsus [V also well spined,
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). LO?
but somewhat irregularly ; apical spines large, particularly imner one,
which is long and curved.
Scopula entire on Ist and 2nd metatarsi; absent on 38rd and 4th
save for a few scopular hairs and setae on 8rd. Tarsi are all scopu-
late ; that of 2nd leg has a narrow band of very fine setae, and 3rd
and 4th have a distinct band of setae down centre.
Measurements.—Length of carapace 7 mm., breadth 5. Chelicerae
to end of abdomen 17°5 mm.; spinners 5 mm.; tibia I, 3 mm. long
(equal to metatarsus and about 4 tarsus), Ist leg 17 mm., 4th leg
19 mm. long.
This species occurs elsewhere in the Peninsula, occasionally with
sheht differences as noted. |
S&S. 2? and jv. (B 2342) from St. James (C. French, 7/09) ; specimens
smaller than type and spinners shghtly shorter; ¢ otherwise identical,
though tibia of palp is shorter and stouter, and carapace is slightly
longer relatively to legs, and relatively broader; spinners also equal
sternum and labium only, and do not reach to front of carapace.
Pedipalp also with one or two extra spines on inner side of tibia.
Also ¢ and jv. ?, Platteklip Ravine. (W. F. Purcell, 6/10 and
1900). Juvenile specimens from Newlands (Skeleton Ravine) and
Wynberg Hill appear referable also to H. curvipes.
HeERMACHA BICOLOR, Poc. (Text-fig. 5 a and B).
1897. Brachythele bicolor, Pocock, P.Z 8. 1897, pp. 735 and 736.
1898. Brachythele bicolor, Pocock, A.M.N.H. (7) vol..ii, p. 199.
1902. Brachytheliscus bicolor, Pocock, A.M.N.H. (7), vol. x, p. 317.
1915. Hermacha bicolor, Hewitt, Ann. Durban Mus. vol. i. pt. 2,
pp. 125-7.
Specimens 1 g and 2 2 9 (Nos. B 888 and 889) from Stella Bush
(Durban), Natal. (H. Bell-Marley, 1/1915). ¢, 4 99, and 4
jv. 2 (No. 150, 710) trom near Port Shepstone, Natal (Dr. and Mrs.
Purcell, 9/05).
The females agree with Pocock’s description, except in the propor-
tion of the carapace to the legs ; the length of the carapace equals that
of the tibia, metatarsus and 2 tarsus of Ist leg, and slightly exceeds
the metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg; there is also the usual row of
small denticles in grooves of chelicerae, which may have been overlooked
by Pocock. The bicolor markings are also more olive and orange than
black and red; this may be due to the relative ages of the specimens.
The male differs shghtly from Hewitt’s description in that meta-
tarsus I is curved (though distinct from H. curvipes) and metatersus II
108 Annals of the South African Museum.
is slender and also slightly curved; the arrangement of spines also
differs somewhat (spination is hardly a sure character, since it often
varies on the corresponding legs of the same specimen; further the
spines are too apt to get rubbed off, and the scar left may be easily
overlooked).
The fovea is deep and slightly recurved at ends.
Posterior sternal sigilla are large, oval, and nearly touching margin.
Anterior sigilla practically touching margin.
Bulb of pedipalp as in Text-fig. 5 xB.
Fig. 5.—Hermacha bicolor, Poe. Right hand palp from outer side.
In the Port Shepstone specimens the ¢ has longer and more nume-
rously spined front legs, but is not apparently distinct from bicolor.
Metatarsi I and II are not so much curved as in the Stella Bush
specimens, nor are the tarsi so nearly white underneath. The bulb of
pedipalp (see Text-fig. 5a) appears distinct from the Stella Bush
specimen (fig. B); the difference, however, is due to torsion ; viewed
differently, they are the same.
Of the females 2 have much lighter legs, but do not differ in struc-
tural characters from the darker ones, and are presumably the same
species ; in all, however, the bicolor markings are not very pronounced ;
the measurements also are not fully in accord with those given by
Pocock. There seem, however, no adequate grounds for separating
the Port Shepstone specimens from the species.
A small g and a young ? (No. 150,504 and 150,627) from
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 109
Howick, Natal (W. F. Purcell, 9/05), also appear to belong to
H. bicolor ; although very small (total length 8°5 mm., spinners 2 mm.,
carapace 4 mm. long and 3 wide) the ¢ agrees with the Port Shepstone
specimen. The ? has no bicolor markings and is fairly indeterminable.
Asarule 2 Hermacha have so much in common that the separa-
tion or identification of specimens, in the absence of a @, is a matter
of great uncertainty. The fact that the ¢ ¢ have much clearer
specific characters may be due to their free and active life, whereas
the ? 9, which live a sedentary life in similarly constructed tubes,
generally in a uniform tpye of soil, are naturally more level in character
and generally blended together. No doubt the @ differentiations in
character are also transmitted in degree to the 2 2, which, with
individual and distributional variation, may account for the distinctions
which can be made specific in the 2 whenthe ¢ is known.
HERMACHA FULVUS, n. sp. (Text-fig. 6).
Specimens—One ¢ (No. 150,406) from Caledon (Dr. W. F.
Purcell, 7/10).
Carapace.—Light mahogany-brown in colour, covered with appressed
yellow hairs, longer at border of carapace, which is dark-edged ; fovea
shallow and sub-rotund; cephale portion scarcely raised, grooves
shallow. Equal in length to metatarsus and 7 to ¢ of tarsus of
4th leg; also equal or subequal to metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg,
and equal to tibia and patella of 2nd leg.
Hyes.—F ront row with their centres in a straight line; posterior
laterals smaller than anterior laterals; medians oval and touching
laterals.
Abdomen dark brown, covered with short golden brown hairs
above and below and with longer, stiffer dark ones above; spots or
pattern practically invisible. Under surface ochraceous.
Spinners pale ochraceous, equal in length to the sternum; mode-
rately stout; penultimate joint shorter than apical or basal joint ;
inferior spinners short and about their own diameter apart.
Sternum pale orange-brown, slightly darker at border; posterior
sternal sigilla small, less than long diameter from margin. Coxae
same general colour as sternum; both covered with moderately long
dark hairs; the coxae have in addition a slight yellow pubescence.
Coxae of pedipalps with a strip of 80-35 denticles. Labium
muticous.
Chelicerae armed with stiff black hairs at apices; rastellum of
moderately short bristles. Inner side of groove with 6-7 teeth, some-
what scattered, and 1 or 2 denticles lower down in groove.
110 Annals of the South African Museum.
Legs.—Clothed with yellow pubescence and longer fine dark hairs ;
under sides paler with olivaceous tinge, especially on femora. Meta-
tarsus of Ist leg similar to H. curvipes; considerably curved and
much narrower at base.
Pedipalps.—Tibia with 2 spines on outer side anteriorly ; 2 under-
neath on outer side towards middle, 2 inside underneath by bulb, and
3 on the inner side towards apex. Bulb somewhat pear-shaped,
tapering toa hard dark style which curves slightly out and up, and
reaches about ? way down the tibia (Text-fig. 6).
Spines.—Tarsus and metatarsus of Ist leg spineless, or with at
most one spine on under side of metatarsus; tibia has a very stout
x
curved spine on outer side at apex, and 2 others towards the centre ;
0-1 basal spines on outer under surface, 1-2 spines on inner under
Fia. 6.—Hermacha fulvus, n.sp. Right hand pedipalp, outer side.
surface and 2 on inner side. Metatarsus IT with 0-1 spines at apex
and 1-2 on outer side of under surface. Metatarsi III and IV heavily
and somewhat irregularly spined.
Scopula on tarsus and metatarsus of both Ist and 2nd legs fairly
dense and undivided; scopula on tarsus of 5rd leg undivided ; meta-
tarsus scopulated over nearly } its length; scopula on tarsus of 4th
leg divided by a band of setae; metatarsus with setose, but with no
scopular hairs.
Measurements.—Total length 13 mm.; spinners 2°9 mm. ; carapace
6 mm. long and 4-2 mm. wide.
HERMACHA NIGRA, 0. sp.
Specimens.—Two 9? 3 (Types, No. 13,899), Bergvleit Flats, Cape
Peninsula (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/04); 15 ? 9 and jv. (No. 12,166).
Beregvleit Flats, Cape Peninsula (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 10/02).
Carapace-—Dark mahogany brown with sparse short yellowish
hairs, somewhat denser towards the hinder portion. Equal in length
On Some South African Aviculuriidae (Arachnida). |
to tibia, metatarsus, and !—! tarsus of the Ist leg, and equal to or
exceeding the metatarsus and tarsus of the 4th leg. Fovea straight.
Eyes.—F ront row slightly procurved; anterior medians small and
about their own diameter apart; anterior laterals more than this
diameter from the anterior margin of the carapace. Posterior
medians oval and touching laterals, which are subequal to the
anterior laterals.
Abdomen.-—Dull olive black-brown, with longer fawn-coloured hairs ;
no difference between the upper and under abdomen, save in some
cases a faint tree pattern on the upper surface.
Spinners.—Just exceeding sternum in length; distal segment
lighter brown and slightly longer than the preceding one ; anterior
spinners lighter and about their own length apart.
Sternum and coxae very dark mahogany colour (coxae slightly the
lighter), and clothed with almost black pubescence ; posterior sternal
sigilla large; less than their own long diameter from the margin.
Labium with 0-2 denticles. Coxae of pedipalps with extensive
patch of fine denticles at base. Hair fringing mouth parts rufous in
colour.
Chelicerae.—Under surface almost red; inner groove bearing 9
teeth.
Legs.—Slightly lighter in colour, particularly on upper surface
from patella onwards; the latter being lighter and redder than the
rest, thus giving a slight bicolour appearance. \ Tibia I equal in length
to metatarsus and about 1 of tarsus.
Tarsi I and IL with no setal bands; tarsus III with a line of setae
down centre, and tarsus IV with a broad band of setae.
Metatarsus I with scopula entire, and with 2 apical, | mesial, and
1 basal spines on under surface. Metatarsus II with the scopula
very thin to absent on the lower half; 2 apical and 5 other spines on
the under surface ; 1 small spine on the inner side and sometimes 1]
above. Metatarsi III and IV with a few scopular hairs and setae -
distally on under surface.
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 17 mm.; carapace
6 mm. long and 4 mm. wide; spinners 3 mm. long; length of Ist leg
14 mm. ; of 4th, 16 mm.
A ? specimen (No. 150,433) from Caledon agrees with H. nigra
in all details save size, and in carapace being considerably longer than
tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg.
Measurements.—Leneth 26 mm. ; carapace 8°5 mm. long and 6 mm.
wide ; spinners 4.5 mm. and tibia I, 5mm. long. It might possibly
bea 2 from a previous season.
8
112 Annals of the South African Museum.
A number of 2 specimens (No. 3890) from Knysna are also
remarkably close to H. nigra, but vary in a few details. In the
absence of ¢ ¢ in any of the cases it is impossible to definitely name
the species from Caledon or Knysna as H. nigra, but it is possible
that they may be.
A number of 2 specimens (No. 13842) from Stellenbosch strongly
resemble H. nigra, and are also apparently closely allied to it ; it is no
doubt a young example of this species which was described by Simon
as Damarchodes purcelli (Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1908, No. 3, p. 43) ; the
description, however, is of a juvenile, and is based mainly on colour
and lacks specific details.
Damarchodes is considered by Purcell to be synonymous with
Hermacha ; Hewitt, however, thinks it allied to Pelmatorycter (Aun.
Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 224).
HERMACHA NIGRISPINOSUS, Nn. sp. (Text-fig. 7).
Specimens.— 8 (Type, No. B 2593) and 20 9 @ from around
Sneeuweat Valley (4000-4800 ft.). Gt. Winterhoek Mountains,
Tulbagh (R. W. Tucker, April, 1916).
3. Colowr.—Carapace very dark mahogany-brown, darker towards
margin, clothed with fairly dense yellow pubescence save in centre
from around fovea to ocular tubercle; legs and pedipalps very dark ;
posterior pair shghtly lighter, especially distally ; tarsi heht on under
surface. Abdomen almost black ; upper surface with yellow pubescence
and sparse longer black hairs; under surface shehtly lighter ; genital
plate and lung operculae on under side lighter brown. In spirits
abdomen is seen to be spotted, especially on sides. Coxae ‘of legs
brown with olivaceous tinge ; sternum and coxae of pedipalps reddish-
brown.
Carapace.—Equal in length to metatarsus and } tarsus of 4th leg;
equal to metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg and slightly shorter than
tibia and patella. Fovea straight.
Hyes.—Anterior medians about $ of their own diameter apart ;
laterals larger, broadly oval, oblique, and less than } a median’s diameter
from them. Posterior laterals narrowly ovate, subequal in length to
anterior laterals ; posterior medians oval, slightly less than ! laterals
and nearly touching them.
Labium.—Muticous. Coxae of pedipalps with about 34 teeth.
Chelicerae with 7 teeth (2 in outer row).
Posterior spinners about % length of sternum; distal segment
conical, equal to or slightly exceeding middle sezment; sternal sigilla
indistinct,
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 1138
Pedipalps—Femur and patella well clad in black hairs; former
with a spine on outer and inner sides apically ; latter with spine-like
hairs and 1 weak spine on upper apical surface.
Tibia with 2 spines anteriorly above and 2 posteriorly below on outer
side; on inner side, 2 spines anteriorly above and 5 anteriorly below ;
1 spine posteriorly below; on upper and under surfaces, no spines
(1 apparently on anterior under surface included in side spines).
Spines black and stout.
Palpal organ.—Process of bulb black, stout, compressed laterally,
slightly spatulate at end, and curving out and up (Text-fig. 7).
Legs.—Metatarsus I bent as in H. curvipes. Metatarsi IT, IL,
and IV straight. Tarsislightly curved upwards in centre except on Ist
Fia. 7.—Hermacha nigrispinosus, n. sp. Rieht pedipalp, outer side.
leg. Tarsi entirely scopulate. Metatarsus 1 scopulate on anterior half.
Metatarsus IT scopulate on anterior %; remaiming + with sparse
scopular hairs. Metatarsus IIT scopulate on distal 3. Metatarsus TV
with a few scopular hairs distally.
Spines.—TVibiae and metatarsi fairly heavily armed with strong
black spines and clothed in stout black hair, often setiform.
Metatarsus I spineless. Metatarsus IT with 1 median and 1 pos-
terior spine on inner surface and with 2 spines posteriorly on outer
side of under surface. Tibia I with no spines above, 2 on inner side
posteriorly, none on outer side; 1 stout apical spur-like spine, 2 median
and 2 posterior spines on outer under surface and 2 spines on inner
under surface posteriorly.
Patella I with 1 anterior and | posterior spine on inner surface,
Patella IL with 8 anterior spines on inner surface,
114 Annals of the South African Museum.
Patella IIT with 2 small spines on anterior surface and 1 on posterior
surface.
Patella TV with 1 median spine on posterior surface.
Measurements.—Votal length (chelicerae to end of abdomen) 20 mm. ;
spinners 2°5 mm.; carapace 7 mm. long, 5°75 mm. broad.
2. Colour asin g; abdomen distinctly marked above and at sides
with testaceous flecks, and also to a lesser degree on ventral surface.
Sternum and coxae slightly redder in colour ; tarsi not paler below.
Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and 2 to + tarsus
of Ist leg ; equal to tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg.
Eyes.—Asin Q.
Labium.—Generally muticous ; occasionally with 1 or 2 denticles.
Cozxae of pedipalps with 50-54 teeth (variable).
Chelicerae.—Usually with 8 teeth on inner side of groove, and 2 to
3 denticles in groove opposite last 3 teeth; one or two specimens have
9 to 10 teeth on one chelicera.
Posterior spinners + to + length of sternum ; terminal joint bluntly
conical and slightly longer than subterminal joint.
Legs.—Tibia I equal to or slightly exceeding metatarsus 1 ; slightly
less than tibia of 4th leg.
Tarsi I and IT densely scopulate. Tarsus III with faint central
line of setae. Tarsus IV with broad dividing line of setae.
Metatarsus I scopulate entirely ; 1 spine on lower surface. Meta-
tarsus IT scopulate entirely, 1 apical, 0-1 median, and 1-3 basal spines
on lower surface. Metatarsus IV with a few scopular hairs distally
and with 14 spines. Patella IIT with 1 to 2 small spines on anterior
surface; rest of the patellae are spineless. Patella IV occasionally has
a spine on posterior surface.
Measurements.—Total length 22°5 mm.; spinners 3-4 mm.; leneth
of carapace 9 mm., width 7 mm. ; tibia of Ist leg 4 mm. long,
HERMACHA PURCELLI, n. sp. (Text-fig. 8).
Specimens.—Two g (B 2670, Types) from Ashton, Robertson Div.
(Walter and Dr. W. F. Purcell), 7/14 anda ? (No. 12395) from same
locality (Dr. Purcell, 11/02).
S Colowr.—Carapace and legs dark brown; abdomen testaceous
brown above, spotted and flecked with black ; under surface testaceous.
Sternum light orange-brown ; coxae slightly lighter.
Carapace.—Equal in length to metatarsus and } tarsus IV; also
equals tibia and metatarsus I, and considerably exceeds metatarsus
and tarsus I, Fovea straight to slightly procurved,
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 115
Eyes.—Anterior row procurved ; medians large and about a radius
apart ; laterals oval, only slightly larger and less than a medians
radius from latter. Posterior medians smaller than posterior laterals
and touching them.
Spinners.— About * of the sternum in length ; apical jomt longer
than sub-apical.
Labium about 3 times as wide as long, and muticous. Coxae of
pedipalps with a basal patch of about 30 teeth. Chelicerae with 7
teeth on inner side, and one large denticle in groove. Posterior
sternal sigilla long, oval, fairly deeply impressed, and about their
own long diameter from margin,
Pedipalps.—Femur with a spine anteriorly on each side of upper
Fig. 8 —Hermacha purcelli, n. sp. Left pedipalp, inner side.
surface. Patella with one spine anteriorly on inner surface. ‘Tibia
with 4 strong spines on inner surface and 5 on outer, and with a few
stout setose hairs on under surface ; tarsus unspined. Tibia hollowed
on under side anteriorly ; bulb large and swollen; process slightly
curved down and out, flattened dorso-ventrally and tending to be
spatulate at its extremity (Text-fig. 8).
Legs.—Metatarsus I with distal } stouter, and curved downwards
and slightly outwards. Metatarsus IL slightly curved, IIT and IV
straight ; I and II paler distally.
Scopulation—Tarsi I and II with scopulae undivided ; IIT with
narrow dividing line of long setae; IV with a very broad dividing
line of strong setae. Metatarsus I scopulate over distal 3, Hl over
distal 2; III with scopular hairs on distal }, IV with setose hairs.
Spines.—Tarsi I, II, and IIIT unspimed; IV with 0-1 spines on
anterior side distally. Metatarsus I with 1 small apical and 1-2
116 Annals of the South African Museum.
stouter spmes on under surface. Metatarsus II with 1-2 apical, 3
stout spines on under surface basally and 3 on inner upper surface ;
IIT and LV heavily spined. All femora spined on upper surface.
Measurements.— Length of carapace just over 7 mm., width 5°3 mm.,
chelicerae to end of abdomen 16mm. ; tibia I 3°6mm., slightly exceeding
metatarsus I in length; tibia IT slightly less than metatarsus IT.
2 Colour.—Carapace and legs dark to medium. brown; under
surface as in ¢ but shghtly browner.
Carapace.—Slightly shorter than tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus ‘of
Ist leg, and subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th leg. Fovea
shehtly procurved.
Hyes.—Anterior medians less than a diameter apart, but a diameter
or more from the anterior laterals which are a long oval and larger
in area; posterior row with medians smaller than laterals, and
touching them.
Spinners.—Equal in leneth to * of sternum; apical joint slightly
shorter than subapical.
Labium muticous; coxae of pedipalps with 25-30 teeth at base
anteriorly.
Chelicerae with 8 teeth on inner side and | large derticle in groove
towards base. Posterior sternal sigilla oval, about their long
diameter from margin, and fairly deeply impressed; median sigilla
in form of a semicircular impression on margin of carapace opposite
2nd coxae,
Pedipalps.—Yarsi scopulate and with 2-3 spines basally on under
surface. ‘Tibia with 4 apical and 4 other spines on under surface and
1 median spine on inner surface ; femur and patella unspined.
Legs.—Varsi I and I with scopulae undivided ; III with band of
dividing setae; IV with broader band of stronger setae down centre.
Metatarsi I and If scopulate to base; IIT with scopular hairs on
distal 3; IV with no scopular hairs but with numerous setae. Tibia I
longer than metatarsus I.
Spines.—Tarsi unspined. Metatarsus I with 2 apical, and 5 spines
basally on under surface; metatarsus IIT similar but with an extra
apical spine, and a median spine on inner surface; metatarsus III with
6-7 apical and 11 other spines; metatarsus IV heavily spined,
especially at apex. Patella HII with 3 spines on anterior surface, set
ina patch of short stout bristles. Femora unspined, but with 1 or 2
long bristles proximally on upper surface.
Measurements.—Total length 19°4 mm.; carapace 7 mm. long,
4-5 mm. wide; spinners 3°3 mm., and sternum about 3:9 mm. long ;
tibia I, 2:8 mm. long.
to]
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). IULe,
Gren. PIONOTHELE, Pure.
PIONOTHELE STRAMINEA, Pure.
1902. P. straminea, Purcell, Tr. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 381.
1903. 2) Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907.
Specimens.— § and 2 (No. 11,707) Stompneus, St. Helena Bay,
Malmesbury Division (J. Gould, 5/02).
2? Carapace.—Light mahogany-brown in colour, with slightly darker
radiating stripes; cephalic portion lighter in colour and raised. Equal
in length to, or slightly exceeding, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of Ist
leg; longer than metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg, and equal to tibia,
metatarsus and tarsus of 2nd leg (on the other side, however, it only
equals the tibia and { of the metatarsus; the same side of the specimen
is also less heavily spined, as noted below). Fovea very slightly pro-
curved and wider than the ocular tubercle.
Hyes.—Anterior row slightly procurved (seen from above) ; medians
large, sulequal to laterals, and quite their own diameter apart ; laterals
subrotind. Posterior row straight to shehtly recurved ; laterals much
smaller than anterior laterals and about their own long diameter from
them: medians exceedingly small and nearly touching laterals.
Abdomen.—Dull testaceous brown in colour, spotted above, very
shehtly lighter underneath and with sparse long brown hairs.
Spinners.—Equal in length to ~ of the sternum; stout and sub-
conical; terminal joint very short and with stiff bristly hairs at apex.
Sternum.—Broad posteriorly, narrowing anteriorly.
Labium muticous ; coxae of pedipalps with a narrow strip of about
20 teeth.
Chelicerae with a row of 6 teeth, and 2 or 5 inner denticles.
Legs.—Slightly lighter than carapace in colour. Tibia of Ist leg
equal in length to the metatarsus. ‘Tarsus and metatarsus of Ist and
2nd legs scopulated and with no setal bands; tarsus of 3rd leg clothed
with long and somewhat setiform scopular hairs; setose hairs also
down metatarsus, which tapers distally; tarsus of 4th leg with scopular
hairs also long and setiform, and with somewhat similar hairs on the
metatarsus.
Spines.—Metatarsus I with 2 weak apical spines, and 1-2 basal
spines on under surface; metatarsus IT with 2 stronger apical spines,
and 2 basal spines on under surface. Tarsus IV has 0-1 spines ;
metatarsus IV has 3-4 apical spines underneath ; the two central ones
being very long (1—! the length of the tarsus); about 3 other spines
on the under surface, and very numerous ones on the upper and lateral
118 Annals of the South African Museum.
surfaces, particularly on the outer surface (the right-hand metatarsus
had over 20 spines and the left had under 10; the left leg was also
shorter).
Pedipalps.—Armed with 1 spine on outer side of base of tarsus ;
4 apical spines on under surface of tibia, 1 median and 1 basal spine
on outer side of under surface, and 4—5 on inner surface of tibia.
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 13°5 mm. Carapace
5mm. long and 3°2 mm. wide; spinners 2min. long. Tibia of Ist leg
2mm. long.
Though the material is scanty and only in moderate preservation,
the genus Pionothele seems sufficiently distinct from Hermacha to
remain separate from it.
Famiry DIPLOTHELEAE.
Gen. DIPLOTHELE, Cambr.
Of the three genera of the group, Acropholius and Cestrotrema (Sun. )
are both confined to Madagascar, and Diplothele to India and Ceylon.
The following species from Rhodesia does not agree with the Mada-
gascan genera, but comcides rather with the Indian genus ; it differs
therefrom in certain respects, but the differences are not generic.
DIPLOTHELE ARCTURUS, ND. sp.
Specimens.—A 9 (No. B2189, Type) from Arcturus, Salisbury
(Dr. Melle, 12/15).
Colour. —Carapace and legs light reddish brown; upper surface of
abdomen dull blackish brown, flecked with numerous testaceous spots ;
under abdomen testaceous with a black spot directly below the vulva.
Sternum, coxae, and under side of legs slightly lighter than the
carapace. The latter is marked with numerous infuscated lines
radiating from the fovea; sides of cephalic region lightly infuscated ;
ocular tubercle almost entirely black.
Carapace.—Equal in length to the tibia, metatarsus and } tarsus
of Ist leg, and to the metatarsus and ?# tarsus of the 4th leg. Orna-
mented with appressed yellow hairs and scattered black bristles, which
are most numerous on the cephalic portion. Fovea small and straight,
cephalic edge longer and slightly procurved.
Ocular area wider than long.
Hyes.—Anterior laterals oval, oblique, and nearly their long
diameter apart anteriorly ; anterior medians round and _ slightly
smaller than the anterior laterals; at ieast their own diameter behind
the latter and from each other. The anterior eve area is thus slightly
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 119
narrower posteriorly. Posterior medians very small, and touching
laterals, which are long oval and oblique, and situated in a recurved line
with the anterior medians, and a procurved line with posterior medians.
Spinners.—Two only. (As in Fig. 110, p. 117, Simon, Hist. Nat.
des Araign. vol. 1, 1892.)
Sternum.—As broad as long; bearing stiff black hairs, especially
on posterior borders. Three pairs of sternal sigilla; small, marginal,
equal in size and opposite Ist, 2nd and 8rd coxae respectively.
Labium quite twice as wide as long, and bearing 4 apical teeth.
Coxae of pedipalps with a small basal patch of 15-20 teeth.
Chelicerae.— Clothed with moderately long hairs; rastellum not
prominent, composed of a row of very slender spines which are longer
on internal border. A single row of 9 strong teeth on inner border
of groove. and a patch of denticles in the basal portion of the groove,
itself. Hairs around mouth parts long and copper-red in colour.
Legs.—Tarsi with no clavate hairs on upper surface; scopulae entire
on under surfaces, and each divided by a band of setae which is faint
in the Ist leg, and progressively stronger and wider to the 4th leg.
Metatarsi I and II scopulate and with a faint trace of setae down
centre; metatarsus IIT faintly scopulate over distal }—3 of its length ;
metatarsus ITV over distal } only; each with a line of long strong
setae extending beyond the scopulated portion. farsi Land IL = length
of their metatarsi, IIT and IV $ or slightly less.
Spines.—Tarsi spineless. Metatarsus I spineless ; metatarsus IT with
1 or 2 spines basally on under surface; metatarsi ITT and IV armed
with long strong spines. Patella ILI with 5 spines on anterior surface
and 1 on posterior; rest of surface covered with strong bristly hairs ;
other patellae spineless. Tarsal claws with a single tooth situated
anteriorly in the bend of the claw ; claws longer than the fascicles.
Pedipalps.—Tarsus scopulated and divided by a line of setae; tibia
weakly spined below.
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 15 mm. Carapace
6-2 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. Legs, in order from 1-4, approximately
14, 18, 18, and 17 mm. in leneth.
Pancny. DIPLUREDA RK:
Gen. THELECHORIS, Karsch.
This genus has been made synonymous with [schnothele (see Simon
Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2nd ed. vol. 11, pt. 4, 1903, p. 968); from
material now to hand it would appear that the synonymy is not valid,
and Thelechoris is perfectly distinct from Ischnothele. It seems that
120 Annals of the South African Museum.
hitherto certain 9 Thelechoris have been described as Ischnothele,
whilst before the genera were merged, ¢ Ischnothele were referred
to Thelechoris; thus the @ palp figured in Sim. Hist. Nat. des
Araign. 2nd ed. vol. i, 1892, p. 70, as of Thelechoris, is characteristic
of Ischnothele. Hence as up till now only Ischnothele & & were
known, and the 9 2? of both genera were much alike, the synonymy
was probably established on ‘account of the cross descriptions referred
to above. The ¢ Uhelechoris described below makes it clear that
the genera are distinct, and the ? characters set out by Simon in
Hist. Nat. des Araign. 1892, p. 187, should be sufficient to separate
Thelechoris from Ischnothele as instituted by Ausserer in Verh. Zool.
Bot. Ges. Wien. 1875, pp. 162 and 163.
THELECHORIS AUSTRALIS, Pure. (Text-fig. 9 a, B and c).
1903. T. australis, Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. iii, pt. 4, p. 106.
Specimens.— 6 and 2 (No. B 1948), Durban, Natal (H. W.
Bell-Marley, 10/1915), and 1 ¢ and 2 ? ? (No. B 2401), Grahams-
town (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10/05); also 7 9 2? (No. B 2402), from
Cookhouse, Somerset E.
g Colour as in female; perhaps slightly lighter and less infuscated ;
spinners pale and posterior ones less darkly ringed at apices of
segments. Under abdomen paler than dorsal surface; genital plate
and lung operculae brown; legs faintly banded by olive infuscations.
Carapace as long as metatarsus IV, and equal to metatarsus and
tarsus of Ist leg. Fovea slightly recurved.
Hyes.— Anterior row equidistant, strongly recurved. Medians
large, round, and almost equalling in size the broadly oval, oblique,
lateral eyes. Posterior -row straight; medians small, oval, touching
laterals, which are smaller than anterior laterals.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous ; white inner border of the
latter is raised above the rest and separated by a fine groove.
Chelicerae with 10-11 teeth on inner border, alternately large and
small, especially anteriorly.
Spinners.— Posterior ones 75 mm. long; about equal to patella,
tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg; apical joint equal to basal
and median joints in length.
Legs in order 4, 3, 2, 1. Metatarsi much longer than tarsi,
especially in legs 5 and 4; metatarsus I straight and moderately
spined, especially at apex below; metatarsus II slightly curved
inwards towards base, where it is also stouter; provided on lower
surface, towards base of inner side, with a small tubercle bearing an
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 121
ordinary spine; more numerous spines than on metatarsus [; tibia I
subequal to metatarsus I and stouter. Tibia IL shorter than meta-
Fig. 9.—Thelechoris australis, Pure. A. Right palp, outer side. B. Left
palp, under side. C. Right-hand second leg, inner side.
tarsus IT, much stouter and bearing on under side of inner surface,
over one-third-way down, a stout process which has 5 teeth on its
inner and under edge (see Text-fig. 9c); imner side with 3 slender
122 Annals of the South African Museum.
spines in a row behind each other; other scattered spines also.
Metatarsi and tibiae of 3rd and 4th legs with long, fairly numerous
spines. ‘Tarsus I reddish in colour, infuscated terminally ; scanty
scopula anteriorly and 1 or so weak spines. Tarsus II lighter and
with 2 or 3 spines and more scopular hairs. Tarsi III and IV still
lighter, more numerously spined, and with more plentiful scopulation
distally ; in all cases the scopular hairs are long and setose. Claws
of 4th leg with uniseriate row of 5 teeth; anterior teeth longest ;
claws of 1st leg with row of 6 or 7 long fine teeth.
Pedipalps.—Tarsus short and oblong; tibia swollen medially and
posteriorly ; neither are spined, but tibia carries long setose hairs,
particularly on under surface. Basal part of bulb pear-shaped
tapering gradually to a long, fine, inwardly curved style, the apex
of which curves slightly downwards and reaches to base of tibia
(Text-fig. 9 a and B).
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 9 mm.; spinners
75 mm.; length of carapace 4 mm., width 3°6 mm.; length of
Ist leg 10°75 mm.; 2nd leg 12°25 mm. ; 3rd leg 13°5 mm.; 4th leg
15 mm.
It may be mentioned that in the 9 the Ist and 2nd legs are always
practically equal in length, the Ist being longer only by a mere fraction
of a millimetre.
The Grahamstown specimens are much smaller, and the male is
newly moulted, and maimed in one palp, but the characters are
identical. In the females shght variations from the type occur in
the eyes; the Natal specimen having the median anteriors lghter
and apparently slightly larger than the type, whilst in the Grahams-
town specimen the posterior medians appear slightly longer, oval, and
nearer to the anterior medians.
Thelechoris and Ischnothele being now separated, T'helechoris
australis, Pure. loc. cit., retains its name.
Thelechoris karschi, Bos. & Lens., Hamburg Anstalt. vol. 12, p. 27,
pl. LU, fig. 31 and 31 a and b, appears to be Ischnothele karschi; the
description is of a 2, based mainly on colour and markings, and is
lacking in detail.
Thelechoris rutenbergi, Karsch, Abhl. d. Naturw. v. Bremen, vol. x1,
1881, p. 196, retains its name, and is not Ischnothele rutenbergi as
noted by Simon in Bull. Mus. d’ Hist. Nat. 1902, No. 7, p. 514.
Ischnothele mashonica, Poc., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), vol. 7,
p. 337, though most vaguely described, appears a true Ischnothele ,
likewise Ischnothele catamita, Sim., in Ann. del Mus. Civ. Genov.
Volar, ap.p9:
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 123
“tt
Gen. ISCHNOTHELE, Ausserer.
Entomothele, Simon, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1889, pp. 235-6.
? Schismatothele, Karsch, Zeitsch. f. ¢. Naturw. lu, 1879, p. 544.
Mygale quianaise (M. quianensis), Walckenaer, Hist. Nat. des Ins.
Apt. 1837, vol. i, p. 231, from South America, appears from
description to be an Ischnothele.
ISCHNOTHELE GRACILIS, n. sp. (Text-fig. 10).
Specimen.— & (No. 8500) from East Africa, probably Mocambique
(Dr. J.D: EF: Gilchrist).
Carapace.
Reddish-brown in centre and cephalic region, shading
to a pale golden-brown; margin slightly black-edged posteriorly ;
Fra. 10.—Ischnothele gracilis, n. sp. Right hand pedipalp, outer side.
cephalic grooves moderately deep; fovea deep and transverse at
bottom. Carapace ornamented with dark radiating lines and some-
what sparse appressed yellow hairs. In length it equals the 4th meta-
tarsus, the lst metatarsus and tarsus, and Ist tibia and metatarsus ;
its breadth equals its length, namely, 6°5 mm.
Hyes.—Ocular tubercle quite 53 times as wide as long; front row
of eyes procurved; medians large and round, nearly their own
diameter apart; anterior laterals slightly less in area than medians,
less than a median’s diameter from them and from anterior margin of
carapace. Posterior row practically straight along hind margins ;
median posteriors very small, subtriangular, oblique, hind margins
touching laterals, which are elongate and equal to or greater than
anterior laterals.
Abdomen.—Dark brown with shght purplish tinge; narrow oblique
124 | Annals of the South African Museum.
testaceous lines on upper surface, with a round pale yellow spot on
either side anteriorly. Under surface testaceous in colour, ornamented
as in I. (Thelechoris) karschi, but region between marks on inner
margin of lower lung pockets and down to spinners is speckled black,
the flecks assuming the form of 3 horizontal lines, the lower one
touching the base of the anterior spinners. Abdomen clothed with
long foxy-brown hairs, long dorsally, shorter ventrally.
Spinners also clothed with long hairs. Superior spinners unfor-
tunately have the last joint missing; length of remainder is about
5 mm.; basal joint equals # length of sternum and is slightly longer
than the penultimate segment of superior spinners.
Sternwm.—Rich orange-red in colour, clothed with long dark hairs;
as broad as long and with 3 small sigilla on each side, level with
hind margins of Ist, 2nd, and 3rd coxae, and about their own lengths
from margin. Coxae light yellowish-brown and clothed with longish
dark hairs.
Labium muticous, very much broader than long, and with light-
coloured apex. Coxae of pedipalps slightly darker than leg coxae and
with area of numerous denticles.
Chelicerae same colour as central carapace, clothed with long fairly
stiff hairs, curving over apex ; no rastellum; both margins of groove
with teeth ; 5-6 on inner, anterior ones being the larger, and 8-9 on
outer margin, with 2 two smaller inner teeth between 7th and 8th
teeth.
Legs pale yellowish-brown, with faint olivaceous tinge towards
tarsi; long and clothed with long and fairly stiff hairs (often some-
what spine-hke), and faintly banded in appearance. No scopulae on
the metatarsi; tarsi scopulate to base and with dividing lines of setae,
which are most distinct on 3rd and 4th tarsi; 3rd and 4th metatarsi
fairly heavily spimed. Tibia of Ist leg with, small outward and
upwardly curving spur on outer apex.
Pedipalps.—'Tarsus long, tapering to tip, and with 5-6 spines down
each under side towards apex; swelling at base for attachment of
palpal organ; latter somewhat heart-shaped, indented and tapering
suddenly to a fine style which grows almost hair-like towards apex,
and is slightly curved inwards and upwards, as in Text-fig. 10.
Tarsus with 5-6 spines down each under side at apex.
Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 17 mm. ; carapace
length and breadth, 65 mm.; sternum, length and breadth, 3-5 mm. ;
4th leg 23 mm., 3rd, 21:8 mm., 2nd, 21 mm., Ist, 19 mm. long. The
order 4, 8, 2, 1 is also in agreement with Ausserer’s character for
Ischnothele.
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 125
Famity. CTENIZIDAR.
SEGREGARA, gen. nov. (Text-fig. 1] a.)
This name is proposed for the inclusion of such forms as have the
characters of eyes, legs, chelicerae, etc., of the sub-family Idiopeae, but
d d,
Kia. ll.—a. Segregara. b. Gorgyrella. c. Clenolophus = Idiops. d. Idiops
(fryt) 2. d,. Idiops (pullus) go. e. Heligomerus (caffer).
are distinct in the possession of 3 pairs of small marginal sigilla.
Hitherto these have been placed in the genus Acanthodon (Guérin,
1838), which apparently applied originally to forms with 2 pairs of
sigilla only, and was made synonymous with Idiops (Perty, 1853) by
O. P. Cambridge in 1870, and again by Simon in 1905.
126 Annals of the South African Museum.
The name Acanthodon, therefore, should have lapsed. Segregara
takes its place for forms with sternum (a) (Text-fig. 11); Idiops
form (d) should include form (e); and form (b) would retain the
name Gorgyrella (Purcell, 1902). For the above and later reasons
Hewitt’s inclusion of (a), (6), and (c) under Acanthodon is not
considered valid.
THE NamrE ACANTHODON.
In 1885, Delictus Anim. &c., pp. 197-8 (pl. 39, fig. 5), Perty founds
the genus Idiops on a ¢ specimen, I. fuscus, from Brazil.
In 1837 Walckenaer, in Ins. Apt. vol. i, p. 379, misquotes the type
as I. aculeatus, and makes it synonymous with Es hiceius (now a synonym
of Oxyopes : Fam. Oxyopidae). In 1838-9 Guérin in ‘ Arachnides du
Voyage de la Favorite,’ and ‘ Rev. Zoologique’ founds the genus Acan-
thodon on a 9 specimen from Brazil, and this name is used by
Walckenaer in “ Supplement a ? Ordre des Arancides,” Ins. Apt. vol. 11
p. 434. In P.Z.S, 1870, p. 101,O0. P. Cambridge gives a short resumé
of the history of Idiops (Perty), in which he states that ‘“ M. Guérin-
Meneville (without any reference to the genus established by M.
Perty) founded the genus Acanthodon upon another spider undoubtedly
congeneric with that upon which the genus Idiops had been previously
established”; and that Walckenaer appears to have overlooked its
identity with Idiops when including it in Ins. Apt. tom. xi, p. 434 (not
254, as quoted in P.Z.8.).
In 1871 Ausserer separates I. sigillatus, described by Cambridge in
1870, as a new genus Idiosoma (Verh. z. b. g. Wien, 1871, p. 150).
In 1892, Hist. Nat. des Ar., both Acanthodon and Idiops are
included by Simon under Idiopeae, the main separating characters
being given on pp. 89 and 92 as the eyes; the name Idiops is here
applied to the American species only.
In P.Z.S. 1897, p. 731, Pocock divides the species referred to Idiops
by Cambridge in 1870, and places the two African forms (meadii and
thorelli) in the genus Acanthodon; probably according to Simon,
although no reasons are given for the separation. A new species,
Acanthodon lacustris, is also described from 2 Q specimens (Lake
Tanganyika), and the diagram of the sternum coincides with that for
Idiops and Ctenolophus (Text-fig. 11 (¢) and (d) ), which is accounted
for as below. (Simon later puts A. lacustrisin his genus Titanidiops,
Hist. Nat. des Ar. 1903, p. 890).
In 1898, A.M.N.H. (7), vol.i, p. 320, Pocock describes a new species,
Acanthodon pretoriae, from South Africa, and tabulates it with the
other African species.
On Some South African Aviculartidae (Arachnida). 127
In 1902, Purcell in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. xi, pt. 4, and Ann.
8. Afr, Mus. vol. i, pt. 4, describes several new species of Acanthodon,
also from South Africa, and in the former proposes the genus Gorgy-
rella for form (b).
In 1908, loc. cit. p. 888, Simon having received a 2? Idiops unites
Acanthodon and Idiops as having rested previously on a sexual
character only ; adding further that the latter genus should be con-
fined to American species, and proposing Titanidiops tor the African
species. The name Acanthodon should therefore disappear.
In 1903, P.Z.S. p. 350, Pocock apparently accepts Acanthodon as a
synonym of Idiops.
In 1904, Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc., vol. xv, pt. 38, Purcell removes all
his species from Acanthodon, 2 of which, both 2 2, namely, A. fryi
and A. versicolor, he transfers to the genus Idiops; and for the other
species, both ¢ g and 2 92, he makes a new genus, Ctenolophus. Sub-
sequently new species are described by Purcell under Idiops, but none
are added by him to Ctenolophus. Hewitt, however (Rec. Albany
Mus. vol. ii, 1913), adds several new species to both genera.
But previously, in Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 1, p. 74, 1910, Hewitt
describes the supposed 2 of A. pretoriae (Poc. 1898), although the
genus disappeared finally in 1903.
In Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, p. 418, he refers the species to Idiops,
giving no reasons ; and in the same volume, p. 471, describes a new
species, Acanthodon microps. In Ann. 'Transv. Mus. vol. 5, pt. 6, p. 97,
footnote, having examined the type, Hewitt speaks of J. thorelli
(Cambr.) as being a true Acanthodon.
However, in Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, pt. 5, p. 412, he describes a
new species, Ctenolophus transvaglensis; then later (Rec. Alb. Mus.
vol. ii, p. 473, footnote) places it under Gorgyrella, as it possesses
3 pairs of sternal sigilla, the 3rd pair very small (hence it cannot be
a Gorgyrella at all (Text-fig. 11 B)); later still he settles it as
Acanthodon, and considers the two latter genera inseparable (Ann.
Transv. Mus. vol. v, pt. 3, p. 183). Hence apparently Acanthodon as
used by Hewitt should have the sternum as in fig. (A), 7.e., with 8
pairs of small sternal sigilla, of which he regards (B) as a variation.
Further, in Rec. Alb. Mus. vol. xi, p. 473, Hewitt adds a footnote that,
according to Hirst, Ctenolophus is a synonym of Acanthodon ; and
later states, in lit., that he has examined Guérin’s type A. petiti, and
considers that 9 Ctenolophus is congeneric with it. But Guérin’s
A. petiti is an Idiops according to Cambridge, and according to Simon
also it should be referred to that genus. Hence, when Hewitt says
that Otenolophus and A. petiti are congeneric, it may be taken as
9
128 Annals of the South African Museum.
equivalent to saying that Ctenolophus is congeneric with Idiops, which
is borne out by the diagrams (c) and (D).
But in Ann. Durban Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 225, Hewitt considers the
‘South African species now referred to this genus (Acanthodon) con-
generic with the genotype of Acanthodon (Guérin) from Brazil,’ and
gives a short diagnosis of Acanthodon, in which he states that there
are “either 2 or 3 pairs of sternal sigilla, the Ist pair marginal or
sometimes (= Gorgyrella, Pure.) a little separate from the margin.”
He thus includes all 3 forms a. B, and c,as one genus under the name
Acanthodon ; which, if Guérin’s type is identical with Purcell’s Cteno-
lophus as he maintains, has but 2 sternal sigilla as in (c), and does
not apply to forms (a) and (8), but did and still does apply to
forms (D) now known as Idiops. Thus, as the following will tend to
show, the name Acanthodon disappeared once in 1870 (Cambr.) and
once again in 1903 (Sim.), and was accepted as synonymous with
Idiops by Pocock in 1903. Hewitt, however, still uses the name, and
further includes under it the 3 forms as above; whereas it would seem
more fitting to keep Gorgyrella separate, unite Ctenolophus with Idiops,
and substitute Segregara for the form (a) hitherto described under the
lapsed name Acanthodon. The creation of a new name seems neces-
sary, since Simon’s Titanidiops does not appear to be the same as form
(A), but rather should agree with form (p). It may be mentioned
that Ctenolophus and Idiops differ in one respect, namely, the latter
has two rows of teeth on the cheliceral groove, whilst the outer row
is represented in Ctenolophus by minute denticles only ; this by itself
is perhaps hardly sufficient for separation, though fairly constant, but
would no doubt serve to divide the group into two main classes.
From the above résumé, it would seem that M. Perty founded the
genus Idiops. Guérin, not having referred to this, subsequently
founded the genus Acanthodon on a specimen, A. petiti, which was con-
generic with Perty’s Idiops. Walckenaer subsequently not only adopted
Guérin’s Acanthodon, but erroneously concluded that Perty’s Idiops
was really a Sphasus. This mistake was rectified later, but Acanthodon
was left standing. Cambridge then (P.Z.S. 1870) states definitely
that Acanthodon is identical with Perty’s Idiops, and describes a series of
species for this genus,from South America, Syria, Africa, and Australia;
unfortunately he thus describes species which were generically
different from Idiops. Hence Ausserer puts the Australian species
I. sigillata into a new genus Idiosoma, and Simon subsequently reduces
Idiops to the South American species and places the rest under
Acanthodon, in which genus he includes as a synonym Ausserer’s
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 129
Idiosoma. In 1897 Pocock records the two African species of Idiops
(thorelli and meadii) described by Cambridge in 1870 as Acanthodon,
and describes a new species of the genus from ? specimens. Sub-
sequently Simon makes Acanthodon a synonym of Idiops, and con-
stitutes the synonymy of the latter genus as on p. 889, Hist. Nat. des
Ar. 1903; apparently re-establishing Ausserer’s Idiosoma. The
generic type for [diops thus reverts to Perty’s I. fuscus, and Acanthodon
disappears; A. petiti becoming J. petiti. For species other than
American, Simon makes new genera, Pachyidiops and Titanidiops ;
which Hewitt, however, does not think valid (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. i,
pt. 3, p. 225, note).
Purcell in 1904 removes all his species from Acanthodon, placing
some in a new genus, Ctenolophus, and the rest in Idiops. About 1910
Hewitt describes the supposed 2 of Acanthodon pretoriae, of which
the ¢ was described by Pocock in 1898, and subsequently describes
other species under the genus Acanthodon, although the name
had lapsed. Amongst species which finally come to rest under
Acanthodon are forms with 3 pairs of small marginal sternal sigilla,
which Hewitt considers generically the same as Purcell’s Gorgyrella;
further, having examined Guérin’s type on which Acanthodon was
originally based, he finds that Ctenolophus is congeneric with the original
Acanthodon (which, however, is Idiops) ; hence Ctenolophus, Gorgyrella,
and an apparently new form are all included by him under the lapsed
Acanthodon. If sternal sigilla are thus considered valueless for generic
separation, Idiops itself has little support; hence it is not surprising
that Hewitt considers it probable that ‘‘ Acanthodon and Idiops will
eventually be united” (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 225, footnote) ;
in fact the subfamily Idiopeae would practically become one big genus.
A possible solution is suggested in the previous and following pages
in which the name Segregara shall be applied to forms with 3 pairs
of small marginal to [submarginal sigilla, from which fresh genera,
Gorgyrella and Idiops (including Ctenolophus), have branched off.
Sytematic VALUE OF STERNAL SiciLua (Text-figs. 12 and 13).
In connection with the genus Pelimatorycter, Hewitt states (Ann.
Durb Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 223) that ‘‘ the character of the position of
the posterior sternal sigilla is only of specific importance, for in the
genus Pelmatorycter these sigilla may be small and submarginal, or
very large and submedian.”’ This may perhaps be because specimens
of the genus Ancylotrypa have been included as Pelmatorycter. In
specimens of both genera available for examination great similarity
exists, and the posterior sternal sigilla show less divergence than in
130 Annals of the South African Museum.
other genera discussed ; yet, taking sigilla as the criterion, two distinct
classes can be distinguished, to each of which a generic name had
previously been given on other and less reliable characters.
Ancylotrypa.—Posterior sternal sigilla oval, marginal to submedian ;
and their distance apart always exceeds the width of the labium, and is
also much greater than their long diameter. The distance between their
inner anterior margins greatly exceeds the distance from the latter to
the margin of the sternum.
Pelmatorycter.— Posterior sternal sigilla large, oval or pear-shaped,
Fig. 12.—A. Ancylotrypa cornuta g. B. Pelmatorycter namaquensis g.
C, A. pusilla g. D. P. pallidipes g.
and median to submedian in position; the distance apart usually less
than, and rarely equal to, the width of the labium, and also seldom
exceeding the long diameter of the sigilla. The distance between the
inner anterior margins is considerably less than from the latter to the
margin of the sternum.
In both genera the 2 anterior pairs of sigilla are small, less distinct,
and marginal; in Pelmatorycter the 2nd pair are submarginal.
The characters given in the original generic descriptions are not of
primary importance, the dentition of the tarsal claws being especially
variable ; the eyes, however, are of some importance, since in Ancylo-
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida) 131
trypa the ocular area is scarcely wider posteriorly than anteriorly, is
shorter in comparison with the width, and has the posterior row of
eyes smaller and more subequal in size than Pelmatorycter ; the latter
also has the posterior tarsi of the 2 @ more heavily spined on the
under surface. Further, Ancylotrypa are considerably smaller and
slenderer in build, and the ¢ ¢ have shorter palps, and the 9 2 more
oblong (or cylindrical) abdomens than in Pelmatorycter.
Thus among Hewitt’s recent additions (Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. v,
No. 3, p. 192, etc.) to the genus Pelmatorycter, are forms such as
P. parvus and P. brevipalpis, etc., which from the descriptions appear
to belong to Ancylotrypa ; further, a 2 specimen depicted in fig. 10,
pl. XXVI, and referred to as a species near brevipalpis, possesses the
characteristic size and shape of Ancylotrypa, and would no doubt
possess the sternal characters also.
Not only in Pelmatorycter and Ancylotrypa, but m the preceding
and other genera, sternal sigilla appear to be a sufficient generic
distinction. When one considers that these sigilla are the marks
formed by attachments of the powerful internal thoracic muscles
which actuate the legs, their significance is not inconsiderable. A
difference in position and size of the posterior sternal sigilla, as shown
by Gorgyrella and Segregara (Text-fig. 11), can only mean a difference
in arrangement and action of the thoracic musculature which makes
the two forms entirely separate. In the above case both are ground-
trapdoor-tube builders, and are also alike im external appearance.
It is generally admitted that genera arise in evolution by branching
off from a common stock, and therefore intermediate forms are at
times only to be expected. Although the posterior sternal sigilla of
Gorgyrella are equivalent to the corresponding ones of Segregara, and
have probably been formed by the enlargement and forward migration
of the posterior sternal muscles of a Segregara-like stock, it seems
quite legitimate to consider that branch generically distinct. The
supposition of the development of Gorgyrella from a Segregara-like
form seems borne out by the young examples of Gorgyrella, in which
the posterior sigilla bear more resemblance in conformation and size
to those of some adult forms of Segregara, whilst the adult forms do
not. Inall specimens of Gorgyrella examined the muscle attachments
are as in Text-fig. 118, and though some may perhaps be smaller and
shghtly further apart posteriorly or vice versii, the arrangement is
invariably characteristic and distinct. A parallel case to this is
furnished by Homostola and Spiroctenus ; Hewitt considers that
Homostola zebrina is “an aberrant Spiroctenus standing somewhat
isolated in the genus owing to the large size and close approximation
132 Annals of the South African Museum.
of the posterior sternal sigilla’’ (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 233).
Fig. 13 shows the characters under consideration, and though no
doubt the one form can be considered as arising from the other by
a muscular alteration and migration as in Gorgyrella, the difference
thus brought about is surely generic. No doubt, as Hewitt says,
the characters by which Simon separates the Cyrtaucheniex from the
Nemesieae are not very clear and definite ; and further knowledge will
perhaps bring about rearrangements there and elsewhere. Never-
Fra. 138.—Homostola zebrina. B. Spiroctenus validus. C. Spiroctenus
schreineri. D. Stictogaster reticulatus.
theless, though Homostola should preferably be in the same group as
Spiroctenus, the two seem generically separate. Stictogaster (Text-
fiz. 13D), contains but the one species on which the genus was
founded, and is allied to, but distinct from, Spiroctenus; further
material and the discovery of the ¢ ¢ of the specimens is necessary
to decide whether the generic characters are constant and valid; in
the meantime, there is no advantage in calling it Spiroctenus.
Hewitt apparently considers that as extreme members of one genus
may resemble the opposite extreme members of another genus, that
On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 133
the whole form one series with the sigilla as a specific character
only ; but the difficulty of placing a form such as Gorgyrella in the
same genus as one such as Segregara seems greater than that of
separting such forms as constitute the so-called intermediate forms.
Both Simon and Purcell considered the character, when strongly shown
as above, to be more than specific, and so far as I am able to see, that
view is correct.
The Ctenizidae are not alone in having muscle-scars or sigilla as a
generic character ; in the Hresidx, for example, the two genera Hresus
and Dresserus, of which the 2 2 greatly resemble each other, can be
separated at a glance owing to the dorsal abdominal sigilla. The two
anterior pairs of muscle attachments are close together in Dresserus
and separate in Hresus; in addition Dresserus is distinct in having 4
small cribellal plates instead of 2 large ones. The point, however, is
that the character, though scarcely so important as the differences
which exist in the Ctenizidae, is nevertheless of generic significance ;
so that it seems justifiable to consider that, although the genera of 4-
lunged terricolous spiders of South Africa will perhaps have to be
re-crouped and in some cases merged, the relegation of sternal
sigilla to a merely specific character in order to simplify matters, is
not sound.
It is quite possible that sternal sigilla will afford a means of tracing
the generic development of such groups as the Idiopeae. As far as
can be seen, from out of the cross identification and synonymy of the
past, the fact emerges that Idiops exists in Africa and South America
(as well as in Central Asia, Syria, Arabia, India, and Burma) and
includes as synonyms the majority of species described under
Acanthodon. Further in this group occurs the genus Gorgyrella,
found only in South Africa; Heligomerus, found in Tropical Africa,
India, and Ceylon, and finally Segregara, proposed for forms as pre-
viously defined. Now Pocock, writing on the geographical distribution
of the Ctenizidae (P.Z.S. 1903, pp. 351 and 357), considers that Idiops
reached South America, not from North America, but from Africa.
This and the general geographical distribution of the Idiopeae indicate
that Tropical Africa was the seat of origin of the group. The pro-
bability is that the original stock was akin to Segregara, and that the
latter genus is a direct but numerically feeble continuation of it. From
this a branch occurred, in which muscular alteration and migration took
place, giving forms (c) and (p) Text-fig. 11; this form, now known
as Idiops, spread far and wide, and eventually reached South America,
where it still exists, and has given rise to a specialised offshoot,
Pseudidiops; in view of its success in establishing itself and its
134 Annals of the South African Museum.
consequent numerical preponderance, a fair range of variation is only
to be expected ; hence the name Ctenolophus was applied to what is
most probably only a section (confined perhaps to South Africa) of
the genus, whilst the original erroneous formation of the genus
Acanthodon was responsible for much confusion and cross identifica-
tion. Finally Gorgyrella can also be regarded as an offshoot from
form (A), and is important in that it lends support to the theory of
the South African origin of the Idiopeae in that it is found in South
Africa alone; whilst in the resemblance of its young to the adult
forms of Segregara, it indicates a former connection therewith.
Heligomerus, the other representative of the group, diverged on the
same lines as Idiops, and is found in Tropical Africa, Ceylon, and
India, but evidently did not succeed in establishing itself as did
Idiops.
The occurrence also of the genus Diplothele (p. 118) in Africa, as
well as Madagascar and India, is interesting, since the group is akin
to the Idiopeae in eye formation, and to Segregara in sternal sigilla,
and may eventually prove to be connected with the group in origin, in
Tropical Africa.
It follows then that the species placed under Acanthodon in Hewitt’s
table (Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 3, p. 87) will have to be sepa-
rated as follows :
A. spiricola, kolbei, and kentanicus come under Idiops, sect:on one
row of teeth on inner side only of cheliceral groove, and formerly
known as Ctenolophus. A. namaquensis and
yd ed NeW
Bi. it 4 i
o ine
ged hte ee
hen io i ia
ae
a hae
ry
ere
'
Pad 15 ie
A
atra (Rhipidia) :
albovittatus (Ctenacroscelis)
antennata (Nephrotoma)
anthracogramma (Podoneura)
Antochini
Atarba. :
aurantiaca (Elephantomyia)
B
barnardi (Platylimnobia)
bicauda (Megistocera)
bonae spei (Hrioptera)
bonae spei (Longurio)
brevifurca (Gonomyella)
C
cattra (Tipula)
capensis (Atarba)
capensis ( Libnotes)
capensis (Ptychoptera)
capensis (Rhamphidia)
chionoides (Tipula)
Conosia :
coronata (Tipula)
Ctenacroscelis
Dicranomyia
Dolichopeza
Dolichopezini
dubiosa ( Limnophila)
E
edwardsi (Nephrotoma)
elegans (Gnophomyia)
Elephantomyia
Empeda
Erioptera
Eriopterini .
exornata (Mongoma) .
( 183 )
INDEX.
PAGE F
143 | frugi (Limnophila)
163
lyfe a
151 q
- | Gnophomyia ;
145
147 Gonomyella (Gonomyia)
146 | Gonomyia
H
‘ hirsuta (Megistocera) .
150 | hirtipennis (Tr ichodolichopeza) .
158
148
I
1638
153 inconspicua (‘Trimicra)
irrorata (Conosia)
1 fala es : J
147 | jocosa (Tipula)
143
139 L
145 | Leptotipula Cee Dolicho-
164 pezini) .
154 | Libnotes
169 | lightfooti (Dicer anomyia)
163 | LIMNOBIINAE.
Limnobiini .
Limnophila .
149 | Limnophilini f
157 limnophiloides (Leptotipula)
157 Longurio
156
2 M
marleyi (Dicranomyia)
173 Megistocera
l - 1 minusculus (Longurio)
146 Mongoma :
148
148 I
148 | natalensis (Gonomyella)
154 | Nephrotoma :
160
143
140
140
140
155
155
160
162
142
158
162
154
152
172
184
12
Pachyr rhina
peringueyi (Dicr anomyia) .
peringueyi (Erioptera)
petiolata (Nephrotoma)
Platylimnobia Ce Erio-
pterini) ,
Podoneura
pomposa (Tipula)
Ptychoptera
Ptychopteridae
R
Rhamphidia
Rhipidia
Ss
soror (Tipula)
spuria (Gonomyia)
strenua (Nephrotoma)
Styringomyia :
a
tigrina (Nephrotoma)
tincta (Nephrotoma)
PAGE
172
142 |
149
7/9)
149
151
168
139
139
Annals of the South African Museum.
Tipula .
TIPULIDAE
Tipulinae
Tipulini
tipulipes (Dicranomyia)
transvaalica (Limnophila) .
Trichodolichopeza ag
Trimicra :
U
umbripennis (Nephrotoma)
unicingulata (Nephrotoma)
V
vittata (Styringomyia)
W
wahlbergi (Elephantomyia)
Z
zambeziensis (‘Tipula)
147
146
166
aN
—
CO
Or
6.—Description of an apparently Undescribed Moth of the Family
LYMANTRIADAE (Lepidoptera).—By A. J. T. JANSE.
Gun. OLAPA, Wlk.
1764. List Lep. Br. Mus., vii, p. 1856.
OLAPA NIGRIBASIS, 0. sp.
S$. Head, shaft of antennae, abdomen above and on underside,
and legs maize-yellow (iv); hairs on tegulae and patagia maize-
yellow mixed with orange-buff hairs (i); hairs on frons, femora and
tibiae of forelegs, and on tibiae of midlegs orange-butf ; hairs of palpi
and those round the eyes black ; fore-femora outerside of tibiae, and
nearly the whole of the tarsi black; mid-femora with a few black
hairs on tibiae, spurs and tarsi black on the outerside ; hind-tibiae with
a few black hairs at end, spurs streaked with black, tarsi black on the
outer-, orange-buff on the inner-side; branches of antennae ochra-
ceous-buff (xv), each ending in two bristles.
Upperside of forewing whitish, costal and inner marginal area
broadly tinted with sulphur-yellow (v); base of costa narrowly edged
with black for about one-fourth ; black scales just beyond discocellula
between veins 4 and 5, 6 and 7; cilia ivory-yellow (xxx); hindwing
and its cilia quite white.
Underside of both wings white, with the costal area thinly covered
with sulphur-yellow hairs.
Habitat.—One specimen from Salisbury (Dr. G. M. Mellé). In the
collection of the South African Museum.
Exp.—46 mm.
This species is very closely allied to O. flabellaris, from which it can
easily be distinguished by the black scales on the forewing and also its
black costa.
7.—Two Species of Bittacidae (Newroptera) from South Africa.— By
P. Espen-Petersen. With 4 Text-figs.
Amonest a few specimens of bittacidae belonging to the South
African Museum and forwarded to me for determination by the
Director, Dr. Péringuey, I found a new and undescribed species,
together with a single specimen of a species hitherto only known from
the type-specimen in the British Museum. I give here a description
of both species.
BITTACUS SELYSI, 0. sp.
Head yellowish-brown. Rostrum yellowish-brown with a_ black
longitudinal streak at each side and below the eye; at the base of
rostrum a narrow and slightly indicated dark median streak. Labial
and maxillary palpi yellowish-brown, the apical jomt of the former
with a broad dark band. Above the antennae a black spot, enclosing
the dark and shining ocelli. Antennae yellowish-brown and slender.
Thorax yellowish-brown. Abdomen yellowish-brown with a short,
fine and yellowish pubescence, and with a few blackish bristles along
the margins at base ; the two apical joints dark brown with paler hind
margins. In the male the upper anal appendages rather long and
sharply pointed; the apex itself provided with two or three strong
spines; the lower margin (seen from side) with a triangular projec-
tion. Legs yellowish-brown. Femur, tibia and tarsal joints with a
blackish band at the tip. Third and fourth tarsal joints of the hind
feet together with the claw of the same almost black. Wings broadened
towards the apex, which is rounded. Membrane shining and with a
rather deep yellowish-brown tinge. The nervature brown and the
apical cross-veins faintly brownish shaded; the apical border rather
strongly brownish shaded. The pterostigma pentagonal, 13 times as
long as broad, brownish coloured. In the wings is found a cross-vein
between Sc and #; in the forewing nearer to the fork of Rs than to
the origin of the sector itself ; in the hindwing nearer to the origin of
the sector. A cross-vein is found between Cu! and Cu? almost below
the forks of Rs and M. No cross-vein between Ou? and 1A. Ks forks
a little before M, the difference greatest in the hindwing. At the
188 Annals of the South African Museum.
origin and at the fork of Rs a faint brownish spot. At the fork of
Ma hyaline, whitish spot. Blackish bristles on the margins of the
wings at their base.
Length of forewing 19-21 mm. ; that of hindwing 17-19 mm.
Fic. 1.—Bittacus selysi, 6. Fore- and hindwing.
I have seen only two specimens (males) of this very rare species.
In the Selysian Collection, Bruxelles, is found one specimen (type-
specimen), labelled Port Natal in the handwriting of H. A. Hagen.
Fic. 2.—Bittacus selysi, 6. Anal appendages (seen from side).
The other specimen belongs to the South African Museum and was
collected at Durban, July, 19138 (W. Haygarth, leg.). The latter
specimen is the smaller.
It is a very distinct species, easily recognisable by the colour, the
shape and the nervature of the wings, but especially by the peculiar
shape of the anal appendages of the male.
Two Species of Bittacidaz (Neuroptera). 189
Birracus WALKERI, Esben-Petersen.
1915. Bittacus walkeri, Esben-Petersen, Ent. Meddelelser, Kébenhavn,
Bad. 10, p. 236.
Head, rostrum and palpi yellowish-brown; rostrum with blackish
lateral margins. Above the insertion of the antennae is found
Fig. 3.—Bittacus walkeri, @. Fore- and hindwing. British Museum.
Fic. 4.—Bittacus walkeri, @. Anal appendages (seen from side).
South African Museum.
blackish spot enclosing the ocelli. Antennae dark brown, yellowish-
brown at their base. Thorax brown and provided with a few black
bristles; mesothorax with four black spots in its front half; meta-
thorax with two black spots on its front margin.
Abdomen dark brown at base, becoming pale brown towards the
apex. The hind margin of sixth and seventh segments dark brown.
190 Annals of the South African Museum.
Anal appendages of the male yellowish-brown ; lower margin of
appendages (seen from side) with a triangular projection near base.
Femora and tibiae pale brown ; tips of femora with a black band, and
tips of middle and hind tibiae with a narrow black band. Joints of
fore and middle tarsi brown, becoming blackish-brown towards the
tip; joints of hind tarsi blackish-brown. First joint of hind tarsus
as long as second and third united, which are equal ; fourth joint two-
thirds of first; fifth jomt almost as long as fourth. Hind femora
rather incrassate in the middle. Wings very long and slender with
elliptical apex. Membrane hyaline with hardly any yellowish tinge ,
nervures dark brown, narrowly margined with brown, especially in the
apical part.
Pterostigma subrectangular, five or six times longer than broad,
strongly brownish coloured (purple-brown in the specimen in British
Museum). Between Sc and # a cross-vein, in the forewing placed
about in the middle between the origin of Rs and the fork of #s, in
the hindwing nearer to the origin of Rs. Fork of Rs a little nearer
to the base of the wing than the fork of M. The cross-vein between
Cu and Ou? much before fork of M, but further out than the cross-
vein between Cu? and 1A. Bristles on the margins of the wings near
their base.
Length of forewing 22-24 mm, ; that of hindwing 20-22 mm.
British Museum: One ¢ (type specimen) labelled: [388] [Dr.
Smith 8. Afr. 44-6] [one of Walker’s series of so named B. capensis |.
South African Museum: One ¢ labelled: Krantzkloof, Natal,
Marley, 10:5: 15.
The specimen in the British Museum was somewhat larger than
that in the South African Museum.
I have only seen these two specimens of the species, and it seems to
be a very rare one.
The species much resembles the species of the Australian genus
Harpobittacus, but it is easily separated by the longer first tarsal joint
of the hind tarsus and the especially long and narrow wings.
INDEX.
; PAGE PAGE
BITTACIDAE . . 187] selysi (Bittacus) . : 5 5 aliciz/
BITTACUS : ; . 187} walkeri (Bittacus) . : s | alist?)
NEUROPTERA.. 1) | ola) de7
(191 )
8.—On some South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the
South African Musewm.—By Ciaupe Moruny, F.E.S., F.Z.8.,
Memb. Soc. Entom. de France, ete. Part II.
I wave much pleasure in presenting a further account of the parasitic
Hymenoptera of Africa, comprising a consignment sent for determina-
tion by Dr. L. Péringuey of the Cape Town Museum and including a
few additional species from other sources. It is issued im continuation
of the former paper by me upon the same subject, which appeared in
these Annals late in 1916. All the types of the species herein described
as new are, unless otherwise stated, in the South African Museum at
Cape Town.
The number of new descriptions is by no means surprising, when
the size of the area be considered, along with the paucity of collectors.
The outstanding feature of the present contribution to our knowledge
of these very beneficial insects is the discovery of a new and most
extraordinary Tribe allied to the Banchides.
Also, be it noted, the more we investigate these parasites in all parts
of the globe the wider is discovered to be the range of individual
species. For at least one kind, recorded herein, no part of the equator
seems too hot, though it is also of frequent occurrence so far north
as Sweden; another occurs with equal frequency in both Queensland
and Assam; and now we find Bengalese insects of this group occurring
in Natal. All these are doubtless imported in or along with their
Lepidopterous and other hosts’ food-plants, shipped in the ordinary
course of commerce.
CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE.
ICHNEUMONIDAE. XANTHOJOPPA, Cam.
ICHNEUMONINAE. lutea, Cam.
inermis, sp. Nn.
Joppides. Eprsoppa, Morl.
LupropHatnus, Cam. variabilis, Morl.
ruficeps, Cam. nigricoxata, Morl.
bucephalus, sp. n. : AGLAosoPPA, Cam.
Iscunosoppa, Kriech. rubrithorax, sp. n.
uteator, Fab. CorLIcHNEuMON, Thoms.
visibilis, sp. n. petiolaris, sp. n.
15
192 Annals of the South African Museum.
Listrodromides.
Nerorypus, Forst.
conflatus, Morl.
Ichneumonides.
Oxypyginr.
EvupaLtamus, Wesm.
cariniscrobes, sp. n.
Amblypygim.
CHARITOJOPPA, Cam.
thoracica, sp. n.
Platyurwm.
Puatyitasus, Wesm.
croceocephalus, 'l'osq.
nigripalpis, Cam.
bicinctorius, Roman.
Phorcys, sp. n.
hemerythraeus, sp. n.
albidornatus, Cam.
Ceta, sp. n.
Lucifer, sp. n.
rufidornatus, Cam.
maculiscutis, Cam.
erythrocephalus, Cam.
pulchellus, Morl.
rufescens, Morl.
vallatus, Morl.
testaceus, sp. D.
miniatulus, Mort.
spilonotus, Cam.
CRYPTINAE.
Phygadeuonrdes.
Hemitelint.
HEMITELES, Grav.
pulchellus, Grav.
Cryptides.
Mesostenini.
GorypuHus, Hlmer.
corniger, sp. n.
trisulcatus, Morl.
lobatus, sp. n.
cinctitibia, sp. n.
evanescens, Morl.
bisuleatus, Morl.
testaceus, Morl.
Celoeno, sp. n.
Atllo, sp. n.
MesostTEnus, Grav.
Rhodesiae, Cam.
denticlypeus, sp. n.
octans, sp. n.
CRYPTAULAX, Cam.
ruficeps, Cam.
EARRANA, Cam.
rectinervis, sp. 0.
Cryptini.
AGLAOCRYPTUS, Cam.
glabratus, sp. n.
Cryptus, Fab.
Leighi, Cam.
PIMPLINAE.
Xoridides.
Moansa, Tosq.
maculiceps, Cam.
GABUNIA, Kriech.
ruficoxis, Kriech.
Togensis, Krieg.
Echthromorphides.
Ecururomorrua, Hlgr.
variegata, Brullé.
Pimplides.
Exeristss, Horst.
nigricornis, Cam.
Tueronta, Hlmer.
melanocera, Hlmer.
XANTHOPIMPLA, Sauss.
renovata, nom. nov.
Natalensis, Cam.
Pimpeta, Fab.
crocata, 'Tosq.
pubens, sp. n.
Epiurus, Thoms.
semidilutus, sp. n.
HeEMIPIMPLA, Sauss.
divisa, 'losq.
terebrata, sp. n.
Lissonotides.
SyzEuctus, Forst.
spilocephalus, Cam.
fuscicornis, Cam.
interstitialis, Cam.
ASPHRAGIS, Férst. _
flavidorbitalis, Cam.
rubvicosa, sp. n.
On some South
Banchrdes.
Traona, Morley.
discreta, sp. n.
Skiapodes, trib. nov.
SKIAPUS, gen. nov.
coalescens, sp. n.
TRY PHONINAE.
Bassides.
Bassus, Fall.
laetatorius, Fab.
OPHIONINAE.
Ophionides.
AuLocamptus, Thoms.
senescens, Tosq.
erassellus, sp. n.
nugalis, Schulz.
Henicospitus, Steph.
vecors, 'Tosq.
rufus, Kriech.
longescutellatus, Kr.
leionotus, Tosq.
African Ichneumonidae.
Notrotracuys, Marshall.
flavomaculatus, Cam.
Panscides.
Paniscus, Grav.
AKthiopicus, Szépl.
ocellaris, Szépl.
Pristomerides.
PristomeripiA, Ashm.
albescens, sp. n.
PristomMERvs, Curtis.
luteolus, Tosq.
Cremastides.
CREMASTUS, Grav.
annulicornis, T'osq.
noxiosus, Morl.
Cypete, sp. n.
Campoplegides.
XANTHOCAMPOPLEX, Morl.
flavescens, sp. n.
OmorGa, Thoms.
longiceps, Cam.
Famity ICHNEUMONIDAE.
SupramMity ICHNKHUMONINAE.
Tribe JOPPIDES.
LEPTOPHATNUS, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p, 165.
This genus certainly belongs to the Joppides, though not so placed
by its author. In my Table of Genera of the Joppides (Revis. Ichn.
iv,lOlo, ps9), sosshould be inserted next before the neotropical
Camarota,* Kriech., from which it differs in its regular areolet and
buccate, though not cubical, head. The discovery of its male renders
a slight modification of the generic characters essential.
LEPTOPHATNUS RUFICEPS, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 166, 9.
dg. The male differs slightly from Cameron’s female description in
the following respects: The antennae are setaceous and serrate with
* Oamarota, Kriechbaumer, Entom. Nachr. xxiv, 1898, p. 4, e¢ Berl. Entom.
Zeit. xliii, 1898, p. 23, nec Meigen in Diptera, 1830 (¢f. Ent. Mo. Mag. 1911,
p. 148, ete.), for which I here propose the new name Camarotella.
194. Annuls of the South African Museum.
the 21-26 flagellar joints white; the metanotal areola is glabrous and
elevated throughout (as in the Indian genus Cratojoppa); the seutellum
is laterally carinate to near its apex; the postpetiole is but obsoletely
aciculate, with apex distinctly punctate; the seventh abdominal seg-
ment alone is white and the venter plicate throughout; front tibiae
internally white-lined—tarsi postici deswunt.
Taken at Mfongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones during May, 1916.
LEPTOPHATNUS BUCEPHALUS, Sp. Nov.
3 only. A large and somewhat dull black species with the wings
nigrescent throughout, the head red and both flagellar band and four
apical hind tarsal joints, as well as inner side of front tibiae, white.
Length 16 mm.—So like the above ¢ as to need no detailed descrip-
tion. Therefrom it differs in no more than a few, though pertinent,
characters: Head clear red; cheeks slightly, and the temples very
strongly, more buccate; pronotum also red; mesopleurae punctate to
immediately below speculum ; postpetiole shagreened throughout and
not apically punctate ; abdomen narrower, with the apical segments
immaculate; hind tarsi pure white, with only metatarsus and ungues
black; wings somewhat narrower, with radius less curved both above
areolet and at its apex. I should have hesitated to regard these details
as sufficient to warrant specific rank were it not that the metanotal
areola, though equally elongate and narrow, is rugulose throughout
and not at all elevated.
The type occurred to R. M. Lightfoot at East London during 1915.
ISCHNOJOPPA, Kriech.
Ent. Nachr. xxiv, 1898, p. 32.
IscCHNOJOPPA VISIBILIS, Sp. NOV.
gd 9. An elongate, testaceous and somewhat dull species with
only the white-banded flagellum, mandibular apices, ocellar region,
posterior tarsi and disc of hind tibiae black. Head posteriorly and
cheeks very strongly buccate; face glabrous, nitidulous and impunctate ;
frontal orbits not elevated, frons centrally bicarinate. Antennae slender,
as long as body; of ¢ serrate, of 9 compresso-dilated, beyond their
centre. Thorax discally dull; mesonotum basally depressed, apically and
laterally elevated, with strong and subcarinate notauli; mesopleurae
glabrous and nitidulous; metathorax laterally finely, and discally
rugosely punctate, black-pilose between the distinct basal and obsolete
apical transcarinae. Scutellum ephippiform, discally deplanate and
punctate, with its sides and apex strongly and conspicuously carinate
On some South African Ichneumonidae. ~ 195
or, rather, vallate; postscutellum |small, transverse and, at least in 9,
basally margined. Abdomen elongate-fusiform and much longer than
head and thorax ; basal segment indistinctly punctate, slender and fully
thrice as long as apically broad, with the @ spiracles prominent ;
second segment basally constricted to the small gastrocoeli at its basal
third ; terebra nigrescent only at extreme apex. Legs very slender and
strongly elongate. Wings fulvescent-hyaline with stigma and the
subcosta testaceous, nervures infuscate ; areolet somewhat large, nearly
coalescent above, emitting the broadly bifenestrate recurrent nervure
from distinctly before its centre; nervellus sinuate, emitting spurious
nervure from its lower fourth. Length, ¢ 9,15 mm.
In 1915 I restricted this genus to a single species, ranging through
Africa, India and Australia. A second was brought forward in 1916
(Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. p.558). Iam glad to recognise another, so distinct
as to render a glance sufficient to differentiate it, by its longer antennae
and legs, irregular mesonotum, circumvallate scutellum and the
antecentral emission of the recurrent from areolet.
Marley took the female type at Kranzkloof in Natal during May,
1915; and the androtype occurred to W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in
Zululand.
XANTHOJOPPA, Cam.
Ann. Nat. Hist. vi, 1901, p. 378 = Anisojoppa, Cam: Ann. 8. Afr.
Mus. v, 1906, p. 168.
The distinctions between the descriptions of these two genera con-
sist solely in the size of the gastrocoeli and the sculpture of the meta-
notum, though not of its carinae; and an examination of the type of
the former and a co-type of the latter genus proves them to he
synonymous. The main feature of distinction, I think, was overlooked
by their author: I find the anterior claws of the former to be simple
and those of the type species of the latter stoutly pectinate ; but this
character is inconstant, and doubtless (as in Neotypus) at most sexual.
XANTHOJOPPA LUTEA, Cam.
Anisojoppa lutea, Cam. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v. 1906, p. 168, ¢ 9.
Cameron dismisses the ¢ of this species in a dozen words; but it
differs from his 2 description in having the head and thorax 7 mm. in
length, the abdomen no more than 11 mm.; the metanotum rugulose
throughout; the gastrocoeli very broad and deeply impressed, with the
intervening space not at all striate; the flagellar joints 14-21 alone
are white ; the stigma fulvous ; the face sparsely punctate throughout,
196 Annals of the South African Museum.
postpetiole shagreened and not at all punctate; the anterior onyches
are stoutly pectinate. The metanotal areola is hexagonal and not
longer than broad, with its apex truncate and base both semicircular
and elevated.
The species has been further found at Stella Bush near Durban in
Natal during February, 1915, by H. W. Bell Marley and at Mfongosi
in Zululand by W. E. Jones.
XANTHOJOPPA INERMIS, Sp. Nov.
g 2. A large testaceous species, with the pleurae and coxae paler,
the face but not frontal orbits flavous, and band of the black flagellum
white ; legs with tarsal claws and hind tarsi alone black, 9 with hind
knees and lateral mesonotal vittae also black. Onyches not at all
pectinate. Length 14-15 mm.—It is extremely like the last species
but differs, besides the conclusive simple claws, in having the sides of
the areolet nearly coalescent above and the ramellus obsolete, the
secutellum more convex and apically as well as laterally carinate; all
trace of metanotal areola wanting in ¢, which has the postpetiole
much narrower and abdomen less parallel-sided ; the ? is distinct in
its nigrescent mesonotal streaks and hind knees.
Mfongosi in Zululand (W. E. Jones) and East London during
1915 (R. M. Lightfoot).
EPIJOPPA, Morley.
Revis. Ichn. iv, 1915, p. 49.
EPIJOPPA VARIABILIS, Morl.
hb. cit. p. 52, 8 9.
Described from Nyassaland and the Uganda Protectorate. Mr.
W. E. Jones has extended its known southern range by the capture
of a male at Mfongosi in Zululand during April, 1916.
EpimsOpPpA NIGRICOXATA, Morl.
lib. cit. p. 58, SO.
Also deseribed from Central Africa and one male found with the last
by W. E. Jones.
AGLAOJOPPA, Cam.
Ann. Nat. Hist. vii, 1901, p. 381.
AGLAOJOPPA RUBRITHORAX, Sp. Nov.
& only. A dull black species with white pubescence and the
thorax, except below, rosy ; white-marked. Head buccate and closely
On some South African Ichneumonidae 17,
punctate; orbits, except at cheeks and temples, and the clypeus
laterally white. Antennae immaculate black, with the joints sub-
serrate. Thorax closely punctate, only black below and at the apex ;
pronotum discally, callosities below radices and basal lateral scutellar
dots, white; metathorax convex with areola peculiarly elongate, twice
as long as broad and emitting costulae from its centre; petiolar area
short and vertical. Scutellum rosy, punctate and laterally margined
to near its apex; postscutellum white. Abdomen black with apices
of the four basal and of the seventh segments white, those of the
second and third centrally interrupted; basal segment smooth and
shining with a few scattered punctures; venter plicate on second to
fourth segments, with the second and third white-margined. Legs
normal and black with inner side of front tibiae and apices of their
femora white. Wines subhyaline, with stigma and nervures black ;
areolet pentagonal, not coalescent’ above and emitting recurrent
nervure slightly beyond its centre; discoidal cell with its lower
external angle obtuse and nervelet short. Length, 14 mm.—It is
the only known species of this genus with red thorax.
The type was captured at Mfongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones
during May, 1916.
COELICHNEUMON, Thoms.
Opuse. Entom. xviii, 1893, p. 1901.
CoELICHNEUMON PETIOLARIS, Sp. NOV.
2 only. A stout and dull brick-red species with a central flagellar
band white and a mesonotal line, the frenum, areola and_petiolar
area, base of petiole and the hind tarsi, indefinitely black; apex of
postpetiole clearly and deeply punctate both discally and laterally.
Length, 13 mm.—Quite unlike the species from the palaearctic,
Indian or New World regions (tabulated in my Revis. Ichn. iv,
1915, p. 120) in its immaculate face, tibiae and intermediate femora ;
in the distinctly punctate postpetiole; and immaculate rufescent
abdomen. It is most closely allied to C. rudis, Fonse.; therefrom
it differs in its coloration, smaller size, much less buccate cheeks,
deeper clypeal foveae, closely punctate mesonotum and scutellum,
more evenly punctate metanotum, not at all rugose postpetiole,
centrally punctate base of the second segment, lack of ramellus and
the lower emission of the spurious nervure from nervellus.
The type was taken at “Guillets, Natal,’ during September, 1915
by H. W. A. Bell-Marley.
198 Annals of the South African Museum.
Tring LISTRODROMIDES.
NEOTYPUS, Forst,
Ver. pr. Rheinl. 1868, p. 194.
Neotypus conriatus, Morl.
Ann. (8. -Adr, xy, 1Ol6m pasa: 2.
g. A very robust, and somewhat small, dark red male with black
and several white markings. Head stramineous with the frons, vertex
and part of occiput, mandibular apices, a line down the buccate
cheeks and another down centre of face, black; vertical marks, cheeks
externally and more or less of occiput rufescent; face finely and
sparsely punctate, frons glabrous and excarinate, and vertex not
broad. Antennae very short and stout; scape black with its under
side and apex white; flagellum immaculate brunneous, filiform, of
25 transverse joints, only the three basal being longer than broad
and of these the first is shorter than the second. Thorax nitidulous,
short and hardly longer than high, with sternum and frenum and
basal metanotal suleus black, callosities before and below radices
and whole of the transverse postscutellum white; mesonotum deeply
and sparsely punctate, with no notauli; mesopleurae glabrous, with
similar puncturation and the sternauli half their length; metathorax
very short and subreticulate with petiolar area deeply impressed,
parallel-sided and rising nearly to base, where is a small and
strongly transverse areola; costulae strong, spiracles large and
linear. Scutellum not small, simply convex, shining and sparsely
punctate, laterally carinate to near apex. Abdomen subelongate-
ovate, shining with the transverse second and third segments dull,
very dark red with apices of all segments but the third broadly
flavous; petiole long and slender, postpetiole abruptly explanate,
elabrous with a few central punctures; second and third segments
closely punctate, with gastrocoeli of the former deeply impressed
and not small; valvulae white. Legs black, stout and not short;
all the coxae, inner side of anterior tibiae and apices of their femora
below, white; anterior tarsi and remainder of their tibiae rufescent ;
hind coxae evenly punctate; tarsi not pectinate. Wings hyaline;
radix and tegulae stramineous; stigma nigrescent and not narrow;
basal nervure subvertical, and the lower basal distinctly a little
antefureal ; discoidal cell short and broad, emitting short ramellus
and another slight nervure from centre of second recurrent, which
rises from centre of the somewhat large and subquadrate areolet ;
On some South African Ichneumonidae 199
radius apically straight and not elongate; nervellus subopposite and
hardly angled at its lower fourth. Length, 9 mm.
This androtype is labelled “Congella,’ where W. A. Bell-Marley
captured it in March, 1915.
Trine ICHNEUMONIDES.
Suprrins OXYPYGINI.
EUPALAMUS, Wesm.
Nouv. Mém. Ac. Brux. 1844, p. 13; Morl. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. xv,
1916, p. 362.
EvuPpALAMUS CARINISCROBES, Sp. NOV.
36 2. A large and stout, shining and dark red species, with
only the white-banded flagellum and apical half of abdomen black ;
frontal orbits broadly, and in ¢ face ete., white; juxta-scrobal
orbits carinate. Head of ¢ with face, clypeus, external orbits and
under side of the black scape, white. Thorax very finely and closely
punctate with pronotum almost glabrous and metanotum to the
infra-spiracular carinae rugose, its areola double as long as broad,
remote from base, emitting distinct costulae from its centre; petiolar
area short and discreted; ¢ with pronotum and callosity beneath
radices flavous. Scutellum deplanate and glabrous with a few fine
punctures, laterally carinate to near its apex which in the ¢ is, like
the postscutellum, flavous. Abdomen stout with the third to fifth
and sides of sixth segments black, the remainder and in @ apices
of second and third narrowly, white; basal segment broad and very
finely shagreened; second closely punctate with small gastrocoeli,
third far more finely sculptured and remainder nearly smooth. Legs
stout and elongate, with claws large and simple; hind coxal scopulae
of 2 large; ¢ with inner side of front tibiae, and three apical joints
including claws of its otherwise black hind tarsi, white. Wings
ample and distinctly fulvescent with costa and nervures black, stigma
and tegulae fulvous; nervures exactly as in H. Wesmaeli, excepting
the areolet which is slightly less produced internally, and a little
curved externally, with its sides coalescent above. Length, ¢ °,
17 mm.—This species is a true Hupalamus, bearing all the characters
ascribed to that genus by Thomson (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1886,
p- 11); the colour, but especially the coxal scopulae, differentiate it
from EH. convexius (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 362).
Both sexes were discovered by W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand
during April and May, 1916.
200 Annals of the South African Museum.
SuptrinE AMBLYPYGINI.
CHARITOJOPPA, Cam.
Ann. Nat. Hist. vu, 1901, p. 383.
Head with neither clypeus discreted nor labrum exserted; man-
dibles stout, with the upper tooth slightly the longer; cheeks elongate
and strongly bueeate. Antennae stout and, beyond their centre,
compresso-dilated. Meso- and meta-notum strongly reticulate ; areola
smooth, apically incomplete, with its lateral carinae extending to
petiole and widely divergent. Scutellum more or less pyramidal, with
at least its base laterally margined. Abdomen with second and third
segments closely aciculate-punctate and ventrally plicate throughout,
gastrocoeli of the former somewhat large and deeply impressed ;
petiole basally constricted, and apically abruptly explanate ; terebra
basally covered by hypopygium. Legs stout, with the penultimate
hind tarsal joints spinose. Areolet triangular, laterally nearly coales-
cent above and straight below, above junction of recurrent nervure ;
radius apically subreflexed ; basal nervure not continuous through the
median. Colour brillant metallic.
The above is the original description emended from the type
specimen in the British Museum. TI find our African representative a
very typical species of this Hast Indian genus, which its author
considered closely related to Magrettia (= Xenojoppa, Cam.), from
which it differs in having the scutellum usually subpyramidal and not
apically incised, the coxae mutic, and the central abdominal segments
longitudinally aciculate. The scutellar structure allies the genus to
the Joppides, from which it is excluded by its total lack of basal
metanotal sulcus.
CHARITOJOPPA THORACICA, Sp. Nov.
d only. A stout, metallic species with white pilosity; the head
black, antennae and thorax red, metathorax green, abdomen and legs
steel-blue. Head very strongly buccate behind the prominent eyes ;
vertex broad and subglabrous; face and clypeus evenly punctate, the
former broadly stramineous on either side, the latter a little reflexed
along its rounded apex; mandibles subglabrous and stout, with a
basal stramineous mark. Antennae of forty-one joints, setaceous,
serrate throughout, stout and hardly extending to the metathoracic
apex, brick-red and apically darker, with the two basal flagellar joints
(which alone are longer than broad) and scape, black. Thorax metallic
On some South African Tehneumonidae. 201
ereen with the dull and reticulate mesonotum, the mesopleurae, base
of pronotum on either side and its extreme apical margin, sanguineous-
red; notauli and sternauli wanting, mesopleurae transversely im-
pressed centrally ; metanotum nitidulous and rugulose, its areola
large and hexagonal, extending to base and emitting costulae from its
centre. Scutellum, postscutellum and frenum red ; the first elevated,
but hardly pyramidal, very coarsely rugose and laterally carinate to
its flavidous apex ; postscutellar region metallic blue, with its apical
margin stramineous. Abdomen cyaneous with apices of all the
segments, but fourth, stramineous; basal segment glabrous and
obsoletely aciculate apically ; second and third very closely punctate
and dull. Legs somewhat short and not slender, with anterior tarsi
and their tibiae laterally white. Wings normal; tegulae fulvous,
radix and stigma nigrescent ; recurrent emitted shghtly beyond centre
of areolet. Length, 11 mm.
The type was found by W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand
during May, 1916.
SusprrinE PLATYURINLI.*
PLATYLABUS, Wesm.
Nouv. Mém. Ac. Brux. 1844, p. 150; Morl. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. xv,
1916, p. 368.
Some of the southern African species of this genus are so closely
allied that a superficial tabular guide appears desirable.
(2). 1. Flagellum dilated before apex; notauli deep. — croceocephalus, 'Tosq.
(1). 2. Flagellum not dilated; notauli obsolete or wanting.
(20). 3. Head, at least discally, black.
(7). 4. Palpi infuscate or black, never pale.
(6). 5. Gastrocoeli of second segment deeply impressed. —nigripalpis, Cam
(5). 6. Gastrocoeli of second segment small, triangular. bicinctorivs, Roman.
(4). 7. Palpi always pale; gastrocoeli superficial.
(17). 8. Dise of thorax entirely red; stigma black.
(10). 9. Second segment red; hind coxae discally white. Phoreys, sp. nov.
(9). 10. Second segment not red-marked ; hind coxae black.
(16). 11. Metanotal areola subcircular; nesonotum dull; punctate.
)
(18). 12. Apopbyses acute; central segments white-banded.
hemerythraeus, sp. n.
(12). 18. Apophyses wanting ; central segments not white-marked.
3D?
(15). 14. Flagellum immaculate ; hind calearia white. albidornatus, Cam.
* Cameron places his new genus Phaisura (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 170)
in the Joppides. An examination of two co-typical males, the only sex known,
in the British Museum, has convinced me that the genus belongs to the
Platyurini.
202 Annals of the South African Museum.
(14). 15. Flagellum white-banded ; hind ealearia black. : Ceta, sp nov.
(11). 16. Metanotal areola elongate ; mesonotum subglabrous.
Lucifer, sp. nov.
(8). 17. Dise of thorax mainly black; stigma testaceous.
(19). 18. Postpetiole aciculate; nervelet distinct. | . rufidornatus, Cam.
(18). 19. Postpetiole punctate; nervelet wanting. : maculiseutis, Cam,
(3). 20. Head nearly entirely testaceous or red.
(30). 21. Metathorax punctate, with distinct areae.
(25). 22. Abdomen centrally distinctly black.
(24). 23. Postpetiole punctate-aciculate; hind lees red.
erythrocephalus, Cam.
(23). 24. Postpetiole glabrous ; hind tibiae and tarsi black. pu!chellws, Morl.
(22). 25. Abdomen not black-marked.
(29). 26. Thorax black-marked.
(28). 27. Dark red, black-marked ; cheeks long and narrow. — rufescens, Morl.
(27). 28. Testaceous ; flavous-marked ; cheeks short, buecate. vallatus, Morl.
(26). 29. Thorax pale, not black-marked. . : ‘ testaceus, sp. Nov.
(21). 80. Metathorax scabrous, with no definite areae. . miniatulus, Morl.
P : : : R : spilonotus, Cam.
_PLATYLABUS PHOROCYS, sp. nov.
6 only. A black species with white markings, and the thorax
except beneath, with two basal segments, brick-red. Extremely like ©
the next species (P. hemerythraeus), but smaller and much more
slender with the second segment basally fulvidous and apically white,
not black-marked. The scutellum is equally convex and laterally
earinate, but the areola is half as long again as centrally broad, the
face white with its base and an irregular central band black, the
clypeus white with its apex narrowly black; the third segment is
laterally fulvescent-white; the anterior coxae entirely, and a large
discal mark on the hind ones, white. Length, 9 mm.
Mfongosi in Zululand during May, 1916 (W. E. Jones).
PLATYLABUS HEMERYTHRAEUS, Sp. nov.
6 @.
Beh iat
Crustacea Plat
Awan oto Was, Vol. XVIL.
Adlard & Son & West Newman lith
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Ann.S “Afr. Mus.Vol. XVIL. Plate XXII.
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Gry P TODROMEA MICRON YA yn sp.
Crustacea Plate CII.
Plate 2111.
Adlard & Son & West Newman Lith.
BUDROMIA BITUBERCULATUS, a. sp:
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Del. TRR.Stebbing.
Ann.S.Afr Mus. Vol. XVIL.
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BAPALOPT Ye Dibra Crh i Sen.cve sp:
Crustacea Plate CVI.
Ann.S.AfrMus.Vol. XVII. Plate XXVI
A. T
DeLTRR. Stebbing. Adlard & Son & West Newman litl.
a NMURSTA SCANDENSnsp. BA S LONGISPINA,n sp.
Plate XXVII.
Crustacea Plate CVII.
Ann.S.Afr.Mus.Vol, XVIL
urp.
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APIS © Ne ES PUN AY msp:
( 273 )
10,-— Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera.—By E. Mryrick
BAS) ERS
Vis
THE types of the following species, sent me by Dr. L. Péringuey, are
in the South African Museum.
PTHROPHORIDAE.
Gun. TRICHOPTILUS Wals.
TRICHOPTILUS FESTUS, ND. sp.
S. 16mm. Head and thorax reddish-ochreous, posterior margin
of thorax snow-white. Palpi ochreous, towards base whitish. Abdo-
men grey, with a white subdorsal stripe on each segment, more or less
blackish¢edged beneath, two basal segments wholly snow-white. Fore-
wings slightly broader than in congrualis; reddish-ochreous, costal
half suffused with reddish-fuscous except towards apex ; small groups
of whitish scales towards dorsum at 3, and in disc before cleft ; a bar
of white irroration crossing both segments at 1 of their length, and
another more defined at {: cilia dark grey, with white patches on
segmental bars and some scattered white hair-scales, on lower margin
of first segment and upper margin of second with several scattered
black scales on median third, several small blackish patches separated
by narrow white bars round apex of both segments, and four sub-
quadrate blackish patches on lower margin of second between base
and second white bar. Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey, without
black scales on dorsum.
Cape Conony, Capetown, in January (Barnard); one specimen.
The example is in fine condition, and the absence of black scales on
dorsum of hindwings is natural.
* The previous papers of this series have appeared in vol. v, p. 849 (1909),
vol. v, p. 411 (1910), vol. x, p. 53 (1912), vol. x, p. 243 (1914), and vol. xvii, p. 1
(1917).
[Throughout this paper, for “* Winthoek” read “ Winterhoek.” The Great
Winterhoek is the culminating peak of the Witzenberg Range in the Tulbagh
District of the Cape, and one of several localities which have been visited for
the purpose inter alia of determining the character of the Microlepidopterous
fauna at high altitudes. The specimens should be credited to Mr. R. M.
Lightfoot.—Ep. ]
20
Annals of the South African Museum.
i)
“J
TS
Gen. OXYPTILUS Zell.
OXYPTILUS VARIEGATUS, Nl. sp.
3 2. 17mm. Head whitish or whitish-ochreous. Palpi whitish,
partially lined with fuscous. Thorax pale ochreous, apical half of
patagia white. Abdomen whitish, marked laterally with fuscous.
Forewings cleft nearly to middle, segments slender, first acutely
pointed, second subfaleate, termen concave, very oblique; pale
ochreous, slightly sprinkled with fuscous; first segment suffused
with fuscous, more or less extended along costa towards base; a spot
of fuscous irroration on dorsum at +; a blackish dot in dise at 2,
followed by a small cloudy white spot; a blackish dot on base of
cleft, followed by a small cloudy white spot on base of lower margin
of first segment; suffused white bars on first segment at 1 and 2,
inwardly oblique from costa, first moderate, second narrower and
more oblique, these continued on second segment by less distinct
whitish bars; terminal edge of second segment blackish on lower
half: cilia pale ochreous, on costa with white patches edged with
dark fuscous on segmental bars, on margins of cleft white on seg-
mental bars and mixed with black scales between these, and before
and beyond them on first segment, on dorsum with white spots at
base and + of second segment and at tornus, and some scattered
black scales between these. Hindwings dark grey, third segment
whitish towards tip; cilia grey, on dorsum with a small patch of
black scales at ? of third segment, and scattered black and white
scales between this and hase.
TransvaaL, Louis Trichardt, one specimen (R. Tucker); also one
in ny collection from Pretoria.
Gen. PTEROPHORUS Geoftr.
PTEROPHORUS ACUMINATUS, N. sp.
3S. 16-17 mm. Head light brownish, with a whitish line between
antennae. Palpil, ight brownish, edge whitish. Thorax ochreous-
whitish, patagia sometimes tinged with brownish. Abdomen ochreous-
whitish, more or less mixed with brownish. Forewings cleft to near
middle, segments narrow, acute; whitish, more or less wholly suffused
with pale brownish-ochreous ; costa and basal third of dorsum more
or less irrorated with blackish ; an elongate blackish dot in disc at 1;
a cloudy transverse blackish mark on base of cleft; an elongate
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 275
cloudy blackish mark on costa beyond base of cleft, and black dots on
extremities of veins 2, 3, 7 and 10: cilia ochreous-whitish, on costa
with two dark grey patches, within cleft and on dorsum mostly
suffused with dark grey, especially beneath segments towards apex.
Hindwings dark grey ; cilia ight ochreous-grey.
Cape Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens. The
narrower second segment of forewings and dark grey dorsal cilia
distinguish this species from Jienigianus.
TORTRICIDAE.
Gen. TORTRIX L.
TORTRIX SPORADIAS, ll. Sp.
gd. 15mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-ochreous. Abdomen
whitish. Forewings elongate, shehtly dilated, costa shghtly arched,
without fold, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, oblique ; whitish-
ochreous, thinly strewn with small scattered groups of dark fuscous
specks: cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings and cilia whitish.
Cape Cotony, Vryburg (J. Brown) ; one specimen.
TORTRIX BIFORMIS, 0. sp.
S. 15-17 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-grey-ochreous
more or less wholly irrorated and suffused with grey. Antennal
cilations 1. Abdomen grey, anal tuft yellow-whitish. Forewings
suboblong, costa shghtly arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen
almost straight, oblique: greyish-ochreous: cilia whitish. Hindwings
with 5 and 4 sometimes coincident ; grey; cilia whitish.
2. 18 mm. Forewings pointed, termen slightly sinuate, very
oblique ; pale greyish-ochreous. Hindwings pale grey; cilia whitish.
Cape Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 feet; eight specimens. Closely
allied and very similar to the European rusticana, but distinguished
by the more oblique termen of forewings and whitish cilia. Of the
six male specimens sent three have veins 3 and 4 of hindwings connate,
as 1s normal in the genus, and the other three have them coincident,
the wings in each specimen being alike on both sides; this is a very
singular and remarkable case of variation, but the specimens are
unquestionably all the same species. One female has veins 3 and 4
of hindwings coincident; the other specimen has lost its hindwings.
276 Annals of the South African Museum.
Gen. EPICHORISTA Mevr.
EPICHORISTA CINERATA, 0. sp.
3d. 20-22 mm. Head and palpi whitish irrorated with dark grey.
Thorax whitish-ochreous, anteriorly irrorated with dark grey. Abdomen
whitish-yellowish. Forewings elongate, rather dilated posteriorly,
costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight,
somewhat oblique; whitish-ochreous, in one specimen veins faintly
tinged with grey: cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings and cilia
ochreous-whitish.
Cape Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft. ; two specimens.
EPICHORISTA EXANIMATA, Nl. Sp.
g. 25 mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous, face and palpi
pale greyish-ochreous. Abdomen ochreous - whitish. | Forewings
elongate, rather dilated posteriorly, costa gently arched, without fold,
apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, rather oblique ; whitish-ochreous,
posteriorly with a few scattered light ferruginous specks ; costa pale
ochreous towards base: cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings and cilia
ochreous-whitish.
Caper Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft. ; one specimen.
EPICHORISTA PHALARAEA, N. Sp.
S$. 16 mm., 9.18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax brown, in ¢
mixed with dark grey, apex of patagia white. Abdomen grey, in ¢
segmental margins suffused with white and anal tuft snow-white.
Forewings elongate, moderate, posteriorly slghtly dilated, costa
gently arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, rather oblique ;
brown ; markings shining white; a basal patch of irregular markings
occupying about + of wing, edge obtusely angulated above middle ;
an irregular somewhat curved median fascia, in both females tending
to be interrupted above middle and with a short irregular posterior
branch to dorsum; a spot enclosing a small dot of ground colour on
costa at #, and a transverse irregular and variable streak beneath it
almost reaching tornus; several slight irregular dots towards apex:
cilia in ¢ white with a brownish basal shade, in Q whity-brownish
with dark grey basal shade. Hindwings in ¢ white, with a grey
apical patch and some grey irroration on termen, cilia white; in
2 rather dark grey, cilia whitish-grey with grey basal shade.
Carr Cotony, Table Mountain, 1500 ft., in November and December
(Barnard); three specimens (1 ¢, 2 2). The white markings probably
vary not inconsiderably.
NI
“I
Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 2
1 ) . 4
Gen. CNEPHASIA Curt.
CNEPHASIA MACROSTOMA, HN. sp.
6. 17-18 mm. 2. 14-16 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark
grey sprinkled with whitish, palpi 5. Abdomen grey. Forewings
elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed,
termen slightly sinuate, oblique; grey sprinkled with whitish; a slender
undefined irregular ochreous subcostal streak from base to 1; irregular
ill-defined light brownish-ochreous transverse fasciae sprinkled with
blackish before and beyond middle and from ? of costa to tornus, in
¢ paler and hardly defined: cilia grey irrorated with whitish. Hind-
wings light grey, obscurely darker-marbled ; cilia pale greyish.
CapgE Contony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft., and Hottentot-Holland Mts.
(Barnard); four specimens. The markings are obscure and ill-defined,
but the species is recognisable by the very long palpi.
HUCOSMIDAE.
DOLIOCHASTIS, n. g.
Palpi moderate, porrected, second joint densely rough-scaled above
and beneath, terminal joint very short. Antennae in ¢ serrulate,
minutely ciliated. Thorax without crest. Forewings with 3 from
angle, 7 to termen. Hindwings with 3 and 4 separate, nearly approxi-
mated and parallel towards base, 5 rather approximated, 6 and 7
closely approximated towards base.
A derivative of Eucosma.
DoLIocHASTIS HOMOGRAPTA, Nl. Sp.
¢. 18-15 mm. Head, palpi, thorax and abdomen grey. Fore-
wings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa slightly arched,
without fold, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, somewhat oblique ;
grey; costa dark fuscous, marked with pairs of obscure whitish
strigulae; dorsum with some dark fuscous strigulae; basal patch
more or less mixed with darker, edged by an obscure dark fuscous
irregular streak obtusely angulated in middle; central fascia narrow,
very irregular-edged, suffused, oblique, dark fuscous ; several oblique
leaden strigae from posterior costal strigulae; ocellus laterally edged
by dull leaden marks reaching half across wing, anterior adjacent to
central fascia, posterior almost terminal, preceded by three adjacent
black dots: cilia grey. Hindwings and cilia grey.
21
278 Annals of the South African Museum.
TRANSVAAL, junction of Crocodile and Marico rivers, in February
(R. Tucker); six specimens. Also seen from Ruopssta, Salisbury
(Janse).
Gen. EUCOSMA Hib.
EucosMa QUERULA, Meyr.
Care Cotony, Capetown, in May and June (Lightfoot); Nara,
Pinetown, in February (Leigh). Described from New Zealand
specimens ; it is, however, a discordant species in the New Zealand
fauna, and may therefore not improbably have been introduced into
that country from South Africa.
EucosMA LOCHMAEA, Ni. Sp.
Gg. 20-22 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark purplish-ashy-fuscous.
Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated,
costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen straight, rather
oblique; dark fuscous, almost wholly covered with suffused confluent
dark purplish-leaden transverse striation from base to a narrow
irregular somewhat curved rather oblique central fascia of ground-
colour; four pairs of oblique dark purplish-leaden strigulae from
posterior half of costa, running into a fasciate blotch hmiting ocellus
anteriorly ; a dark purplish-leaden streak along termen, preceded on
lower half by four elongate black dots: cila dark purple-grey,
sprinkled with dark fuscous. Hindwings with 5 and 4 stalked; grey;
cilia grey.
Navan, Durban (Marley); four specimens, bred in June from larvae
feeding in pods of “ sugar-bush,” presumably a Leguminous shrub.
EucosMA TENAX, 0. sp.
go @. 19-20 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax in ¢ mixed with
ochreous, grey, and- dark fuscous, in 92 ferruginous. Antennal
ciliations in ¢ nearly 2. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate,
posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, in 9 more strongly anteriorly,
in @ with moderate fold from base to 2, apex obtuse, termen
nearly straight, somewhat oblique; ochreous-whitish ; markings deep
ferruginous, in ¢ much mixed with grey and strigulated with blackish,
in 9 with only a few grey and black scales; basal patch moderate,
edge in ¢ nearly straight, little oblique, in 2 more oblique, obtusely
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 279
angulated in middle; central fascia rather broad, evenly wide,
oblique, straight, posterior edge with a projection below middle, less
marked in 9 ; an irregular fascia from about * of costa to lower part
of termen and tornus, dilated towards costa, especially in 9, and
more narrowed downwards, enclosing one or two whitish dots on
costa ; two or three costal dots between these markings ; a small mark
on costa before apex, whence a more or less expressed stria runs along
upper part of termen: cilia in @ grey mixed with ochreous and
blackish, in 2 ferruginous-ochreous, becoming paler towards tips.
Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate; grey, rather darker posteriorly (in
Q specimen missing) ; cilia light grey, with darker subbasal shade.
CaprE Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens.
Gren. ARGYROPLOCE Hib.
ARGYROPLOCE ORICHLORA, 0. Sp.
6&6 2. 18-19 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax green irregularly mixed
with black. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly
dilated, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly sinuate,
little oblique ; green, with more or less expressed irregular transverse
striae of whitish or pale bluish irroration rising from pairs of white
costal strigulae separated by small blackish spots; basal patch of
more or less developed blackish marking, edge rather oblique, with
rounded median prominence; central fascia blackish, irregular, not
oblique, discal area before and beyond this more or less variably
suffused irregularly with dark green or blackish ; an outwards-oblique
streak of blackish suffusion from dorsum before tornus reaching half
across Wing ; an irregular upwards-oblique blackish streak from middle
of termen not reaching costa, sometimes surrounded with dark grey
suffusion and some reddish sprinkling; three black strigulae on lower
part of termen; one specimen is largely suffused generally with dark
grey: cilia green with rows of whitish points, somewhat reddish-
tinged towards tips. Hindwings grey, veins dark grey, apex and
termen suffused with dark grey ; cilia hght grey, with dark grey basal
shade, tips whitish.
CarE Conony, Oudebosch (1500 ft.) and Table Mountain, in
January and February (Barnard); three specimens. Belongs to the
bryana group, rather numerous in India, of which it is the first African
representative.
29
280 Annals of the South African Museum.
GELECHIADAKE.
Gren. PYCNOSTOLA Meyr.
PycnostToLa PERLUSTRATA, Nl. Sp.
dg. 14-16mm. Head pale grey, sidetufts whitish. Palpi ochreous-
grey, terminal joint whitish, grey anteriorly. Thorax light grey.
Abdomen grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings narrowly elongate-
lanceolate ; fulvous-ochreous, veins and margins streaked with light
grey sprinkled with dark fuscous; an indistinct dark fuscous dot
beneath costa towards base; stigmata indistinct, dark fuscous, plical
very obliquely before first discal: cilia light grey, towards base
somewhat mixed with white and sprinkled with dark fuscous. Hind-
wings and cilia light grey.
Cape Conony, Fransch Hoek, in June (Barnard); two specimens.
Resembles iluminata, but smaller, and immediately distinguished by
grey cilia of hindwings.
PYCNOSTOLA OECONOMICA, 0D. Sp.
6 2. 18-19 mm. Head and thorax white, more or less speckled
with fuscous. Palpi pale brownish sprinkled with dark fuscous, tuft
long, edge white, terminal joint white speckled with dark fuscous.
Abdomen whitish irrorated with fuscous. Forewings elongate, very
narrow, costa slightly arched, apex acute, termen faintly sinuate,
extremely oblique; fuscous, suffused and irregularly mixed with
whitish irroration, and more or less streaked with pale yellow-
ochreous in disc; stigmata blackish, discal approximated, plical very
obliquely before first discal : cilia ochreous-whitish mixed with fuscous.
Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous-grey.
Cape Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ;
two specimens.
PYCNOSTOLA CELERIS, N. Sp.
6. 20-22 mm. Head and thorax white, shoulders sprinkled
with grey. Palpi ochreous-whitish sprinkled with dark fuscous, tuft
long, edge white, terminal joint white, with anterior edge dark fuscous.
Abdomen white, more or less suffused with grey. Forewings elongate,
narrow, costa slightly arched, apex pointed, termen slightly sinuate,
extremely oblique ; whitish (¢) or pale yellow-ochreous ( 2 ), more or
less speckled irregularly with fuscous, especially along margins ; stig-
mata small, indistinct, ferruginous-brownish, discal approximated,
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 281
plical very obliquely before first discal: cilia whitish, base with a few
fuscous specks. Hindwings pale whitish-grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous.
Care Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ;
three specimens.
Gren. MEGACRASPEDUS Zell.
MEGACRASPEDUS PERACUTA, ND. Sp.
62. 11-13 mm. Head white, with a dark grey mark on each
side of forehead. Palpi white, second joint blackish except apex, tuft
very short, terminal joint blackish towards tip. Thorax yellow-
whitish, shoulders dark grey. Abdomen blackish-grey. Forewings
lanceolate, apex produced, acute; yellow-ochreous, sometimes tinged
with grey posteriorly; costal edge white on basal third: cilia light
greyish-ochreous, becoming whitish on costa towards middle. Huind-
wings grey; cilia pale greyish-ochreous.
Carr Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens.
MEGACRASPEDUS PHOTINOPA, Nl. Sp.
d. 138mm. Headand thorax white. Palpi white, second joint with
a median band of fuscous irroration. Abdomen grey-whitish. Fore-
wings elongate-lanceolate ; white; a rather broad whitish-ochreous
streak sprinkled with grey and dark fuscous running from base beneath
costa to1, thence obliquely deflected to a small round yellow-whitish
spot edged with a few dark scales representing second discal stigma,
and a similar streak from middle of base to a more obscure similar
spot representing plical stigma; some grey irroration towards costa
at 2, and two or three scales on tornus ; an apical spot of grey;suffusion :
cilia whitish, at apex with sharp median and apical grey lines. Hind-
wings light grey ; cilia grey-whitish.
Care Cotony, Table Mountain, in February (Barnard); one
specimen.
Gen. EPITHECTIS Meyr.
EPItHecTIS ExSTINCTA, Meyr.
In the original example veins 6 and 7 of forewings are stated to
rise out of 8, but in two specimens since examined 7 and 8 rise out 6,
which must therefore be held to be the normal structure, and on this.
difference the species should be referred to H'pithectis.
282 Annals of the South African Museum.
Gen. TELPHUSA Chamb.
TELPHUSA LIMENABEA, 0. Sp.
gd. 12mm. Head white. Palpi white, second joint mixed with
black on basal half, terminal joint with two black bands. Thorax
white, shoulders irrorated with dark grey, dorsum with two small
black spots anteriorly. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa
gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; dark
grey, tips of scales very finely whitish; extreme base mixed with
black; a broad white antemedian fascia edged with blackish ante-
riorly and preceded by a brown subcostal mark, its posterior half not
reaching costa and marked with a black subcostal dot in an indenta-
tion, its posterior margin followed by a brown transverse spot in disc ;
opposite white costal and tornal spots at 3, their anterior angles
connected by a black mark, above and beneath which is some brownish
suffusion: cilia whitish (imperfect). Hindwings pale grey; cilia
ochreous-whitish.
Cape Conony, Capetown, in December (Lightfoot) ; one specinen.
TELPHUSA IRIDITIS, h. sp.
¢d. 12 mm. Head iridescent grey-whitish irregularly speckled
with blackish. Palpi grey, second and terminal joints each with two
bands of blackish irroration, terminal joint thickened with scales.
Thorax violet-grey suffusedly irrorated and marked with blackish.
Abdomen greyish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched,
faintly sinuate towards middle, apex pointed, termen extremely
obliquely rounded ; purplish-grey speckled with black, with iridescent
ereen reflections ; three small spots of black irroration on costa at 4, 4,
and middle, each with a small brownish-ochreous spot adjacent
beneath, some whitish irroration between these extending obliquely
towards disc ; a black oblique mark in disc beneath first of these, and
a black longitudinal spot beneath second; three small brownish-
ochreous tufts towards dorsum from } to before tornus; a small
brownish-ochreous spot in middle of disc and another at 3; a trans-
verse black spot in disc towards apex, preceded by two brownish-
ochreous dots transversely placed; three brownish-ochreous dots on
costa and two on termen towards apex, separated with black and with
a more distinct small black spot at apex: cilia pale grey with some
black specks towards base, round apex with basal area purple-whitish
speckled with black. Hindwings light grey thinly scaled towards
base, margins and veins suffused with darker grey ; cilia light grey.
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 283.
S.W. Prorecroratr, Narugas, in January (Lightfoot); one
specimen.
Gren. GELECHIA Hib.
GELECHIA ALBIFLORA, 0. Sp.
6 @. 19-20 mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi ochreous-white,
base blackish, terminal joint more or less irrorated with blackish.
Thorax ochreous-white, patagia dark fuscous, a spot on each side
adjacent to these or (in ¢) whole anterior dorsa! half blackish.
Abdomen in ¢ ochreous-whitish, apparently becoming dark fuscous
posteriorly, in 2 whitish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently
arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; dark
ashy-fuscous ; an irregular ochreous-white transverse strigula from
base of costa; an irregular ochreous-white spot beneath costa at 1; a
thick black streak extending along fold from + to near middle of wing,
interrupted by two ochreous-white spots; an ochreous-white spot in
dise slightly beyond second of these, and a larger spot in disc at %,
these more or less surrounded with black and united by a black blotch ;
opposite small cloudy whitish spots at # of costa and tornus tending to
unite into a straight line touching this; some irregular whitish scales
in disc beyond this: cilia ochreous-white, at base with a few blackish
scales. Hindwings ochreous-whitish, with a slight bluish tinge: cilia
ochreous-whitish.
Care Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ;
two specimens. Allied to triplacopis; the colour of ¢ abdomen might
be due to decay.
GFELECHIA LEUCODOXA, 0. sp.
$ @. 14-15 mm. Head white. Palpi white, base of second joint
black, terminal joint more or less closely irrorated with black. Thorax
white, shoulders narrowly black. Abdomen whitish. Forewings
elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen
very obliquely rounded; light grey, more or less wholly overlaid with
ochreous-white ; markings blackish ; a rather broad basal fascia, outer
edge obtusely angulated below middle; a moderate irregular-edged
slightly oblique fascia at 2, not reaching dorsum; a rather broad
transverse fascia at 2. with anterior projection above middle, and
containing an irregular white spot in disc sometimes extending to
posterior edge ; an irregular apical spot: cilia whitish. Hindwings
whitish-grey ; cilia whitish.
CargE Conony, Capetown, in February and March (Péringuey,
Lightfoot) ; three specimens. Allied to preceding.
284. Annals of the South African Museum.
GELECHIA CATHARODES, 0. sp.
3. 22 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-white with a few black
scales. Palpi white irrorated with black. Antennal ciliations nearly
1. Abdomen whitish, apical half except anal tuft suffused with grey.
Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex tolerably
pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; ochreous-white, irregularly
sprinkled with black, mostly towards margins; an irregular blackish
transverse subbasal streak, shortly extended along dorsum; stigmata
represented by small irregular spots of dense black irroration, plical
beneath first discal and touching it, second discal larger and transverse,
reaching to near dorsum: cilia ochreous-white with a few black specks.
Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish.
Caps Coxtony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft ; one specimen.
Gren. COMPSOLECHIA Meyr.
CoOMPSOLECHIA PERMAGNA, HN. Sp.
2. 30mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-ochreous, with a few
light brownish specks. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly
arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; whitish-
ochreous, with scattered light brownish scales; discal stigmata irregular,
light ferruginous-brown, with two or three blackish scales; a cloudy
light ferruginous-brown line along termen, with a few blackish scales :
cilia light ochreous-grey, on costa whitish-ochreous. Hindwings
considerably over 1, termen slightly sinuate; pale grey; cilia whitish-
erey-ochreous.
TRANSVAAL, junction of Limpopo and Marico rivers (Eriksson) ;
one specimen.
GEN. DICHOMERIS Hib.
DICHOMERIS FLUITANS, 0. sp.
S$. 16 mm. Head grey, sidetufts tinged with whitish-ochreous.
Palpi dark grey slightly speckled with whitish, second joint with
scales rather expanded above towards apex and long projecting apical
tuft beneath, terminal joint longer than second, whitish, anterior edge
dark fuscous. Thorax pale ochreous-yellowish dorsally tinged with
grey, shoulders dark fuscous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft whitish-
ochreous. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex
pointed, termen faintly sinuate, extremely oblique; light ochreous-
yellowish, dorsal half suffused with brownish-ochreous ; a very small
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 285
dark fuscous spot on base of costa; discal stigmata small, blackish,
an additional dot halfway between first discal and base; an apical
spot of dark fuscous suffusion: cilia pale brownish-ochreous, on costa
pale yellowish. Hindwings iridescent-grey ; cilia light grey.
Narat, Howick (Symons); one specimen.
Gren. ERIDACHTHA Meyr.
ERIDACHTHA COSYMBOTA, Nh. Sp.
6. 15mm. Head ochreous-vellow, crown centrally tinged with
violet-fuscous. Palpi ochreous-yellow, second joint externally tinged
with fuscous except towards apex. Antennae light ochreous-yellowish,
becoming greyish-tinged towards apex. Thorax dark violet-grey.
Abdomen grey, anal tuft pale ochreous. Forewings elongate, rather
narrow, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly
straight, oblique; 7 and 8 stalked; dark violet-grey, suffusedly
irrorated with dark fuscous ; an obscure cloudy darker spot representing
second discal stigma, edged anteriorly by a small roundish ochreous-
whitish spot: cilia dark fuscous, tips whitish on termen, an ochreous-
whitish costal patch before apex. Hindwings grey, darker towards
apex; cilia pale grey, towards base and tips ochreous-whitish.
Cape Conony, Oudebosch (1500 ft.) and Table Mountain, in
January and February (Barnard) ; three specimens.
Gen. BRACHMIA Hib.
BRACHMIA OCHYROTA, N. Sp.
¢. 13 mm. Head, palpi, antennae and thorax pale ochreous,
second joint of palpi slightly infuscated at base, or sometimes sprinkled
with fuscous. Abdomen whitish-ochreous suffused with pale grey.
Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa gently
arched, apex obtuse, termen rather obliquely rounded ; 7 and 8 stalked,
7 to apex; pale ochreous, sometimes sprinkled with fuscous; a
blackish dot on base of costa; stigmata black, plical beneath first
discal; a black dot on dorsum beneath second discal, tending to be
connected with it by a faint variable fuscous shade; an almost
marginal series of black dots round posterior part of costa and termen:
cilia pale ochreous. Hindwings whitish-ochreous tinged with grey ;
cilia whitish-ochreous.
Narat, Howick (Fuller); one specimen; also two in my collection
from Pinetown, in September and January (Leigh). Intermediate
between serialis and sterictis.
286 Annals of the South African Museum.
OECOPHORIDAE.
Gey. TANYZANCLA Meyr.
TANYZANCLA DIORYCTA, N. Sp.
gS. 16-17mm. Head, palpi, and thorax greyish-fulvous. Antennal
ciliations 3. Abdomendark grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow,
costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly straight,
oblique ; deep brownish-fulvous, sometimes variably and suffusedly
mixed with grey; a triangular dark grey blotch on dorsum beyond
middle, reaching more than half across wing, anteriorly edged by a
fine white line; a cloudy irregular dark grey streak from costa at } to
apex of this blotch, preceded on costa by a slight whitish mark; an
oval blotch of ground-colour or light yellow-ochreous in disc above
tornus outlined except above with whitish suffusion or a white line and
then with dark grey; sometimes an apical blotch of hght yellowish
suffusion: cilia rather dark grey, base somewhat mixed with brownish-
fulvous. Hindwings rather dark grey; cilia grey.
Carre Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens. Alhed
to chalinitis.
TANYZANCLA SEMISTRICTA, Nn. sp.
dg. 21 mm. Head and thorax pale greyish-ochreous. Palpi
ochreous-whitish sprinkled with fuscous. Abdomen grey-whitish,
segments with basal ochreous bands. Forewing elongate, rather
narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely
rounded ; pale greyish-ochreous with scattered dark fuscous specks ; a
shcrt slender dark fuscous longitudinal streak from base of costa; a
broad irregular dark fuscous longitudinal submedian streak from base to
apex, finely attenuated towards base, irregularly narrowed on apical
portion, upper edge with slight prominences indicating discal stigmata
and finely edged with white between these, beneath with slender irre-
eular branches above and below fold to tornus ; slender irregwar dorsal
and subdorsal dark fuscous streaks from base, meeting just before
tornus: cilia ochreous-grey-whitish. Hindwings pale greyish ; cilia
orey-whitish.
Caps Cotony, Capetown, in May (Barnard) ; one specimen.
Gen. PROTOMACHA Meyr.
PROTOMACHA SOSIGONA, Nl. Sp.
gS. 2lmm. Head white, sidetufts and back of crown tinged with
pale ochreous. Palpi fuscous, terminal joint whitish posteriorly. Thorax
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 287
pale ochreous-bronzy. Abdomen whitish-ochreous. Forewings elon-
gate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly
straight, oblique; pale ochreous-bronzy; a white attenuated streak
along costa from base to *, costal edge dark fuscous towards base ;
stigmata minute, dark fuscous, plical beneath first discal; a curved
subterminal series of indistinct minute dark fuscous dots : cilia whitish-
ochreous. Hindwings pale greyish; cilia grey-whitish, with faint
greyish subbasal shade.
Carr Conony, Zonder End Peak, 3600 ft., in January (Barnard) ;
one specimen.
Gen. DEPRESSARIA Haw.
DEPRESSARIA GRAMMATOPA, Nl. Sp.
2. 18 mm. Head and palpi lght greyish-ochreous (partially
defaced). Thorax light brownish. Abdomen whitish-ochreous slightly
sprinkled with grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly
arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ; 2 and 3 stalked ;
hight brownish sprinkled with fuscous ; first discal stigma represented
by an extremely oblique black dash, second by a cloudy blackish dot :
cilia pale brownish. Hindwings pale greyish, veins suffusedly darker ;
cilia pale greyish-ochreous.
Care Cotony, Table Mountain, 2500 ft., in November (Barnard) ;
one specimen.
DEPRESSARIA CRYPSICOSMA, N. Sp.
Q@. 20 mm. Head dark fuscous irrorated with white. Palpi
whitish, irregularly sprinkled with grey and blackish, terminal joint
with two bands of blackish irroration. Thorax whitish-ochreous,
anterior half dark fuscous irrorated with white. Abdomen grey-
whitish. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen
rounded, rather strongly oblique; 2 and 3 stalked; pale yellow-
ochreous ; costal edge fuscous, irrorated with whitish, slightly thickened
posteriorly, united with a broad marginal band of fuscous suffusion
irrorated with whitish extending round apex and termen and continued
more narrowly along dorsum to before middle; first discal stigma
black, distinct, a minute black dot obliquely before and above it,
second represented by an undefined rather dark fuscous dot on edge
of terminal band: cilia light grey sprinkled with whitish. Hindwings
whitish-grey ; cilia grey-whitish.
Cape Coxony, Table Mountain, 2500 ft., in November (Barnard) :
one specimen.
288 Annals of the South African Museum.
DEPRESSARIA COMMUNIS, 0. Sp.
gd. 14-15 mm. Head and thorax whitish-fuscous. Palpi whitish,
slightly sprinkled with fuscous. Abdomen grey-whitish. Forewings
elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex rounded-obtuse,
termen obliquely rounded; 2 and 5 stalked ; light fuscous, with very
faint pinkish tinge; a black dot towards costa near base ; discal
stigmata small, blackish, a very small additional dot before and above
first, and a few scattered blackish scales towards costa between them,
second stigma sometimes edged anteriorly by a faint whitish dot ;
a marginal series of blackish dots round posterior part of costa and
termen: cilia pale grey. Hindwings grey, lighter towards base ; cila
whitish-grey.
Capt Conony, Table Mountain, in March (Barnard) ; two specimens.
DEPRESSARIA RHODOSCELIS, Ni. Sp.
?. 22mm. Head pale ochreous, crown suffused with hight brownish,
tuft of cilia beneath eye light crimson. Palpi whitish-ochreous sprinkled
with dark grey, second joint suffused externally with rosy-pink. Thorax
pale ochreous, with a blackish longitudinal mark on each side of back
on posterior half. Tibiae partially suffused with rosy-pink. Forewings
elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex rounded-obtuse,
termen very obliquely rounded ; 2 and 3 stalked; pale ochreous with
a few scattered black scales; a small blackish subdorsal mark near
base: a faint fuscous median streak from base to end of cell, and
cloudy light fuscous lines along veins 4-8, other veins faintly tinged
with fuscous ; first discal stigma minute, black, second represented by
a white dot surrounded by a few black scales; a series of small
indistinct blackish marginal dots round posterior part of costa and
termen: cilia whitish-ochreous mixed with pale grey, faintly rosy-
tinged round apex. Hindwings light grey, whitish-tinged towards
base, apex darker ; cilia ochreous-whitish, with light grey basal line,
round apex suffused with pale grey.
Carre Contony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; one specimen.
DEPRESSARIA HOMOGENES, ll. Sp.
2. 18mm. Head whitish-ochreous sprinkled with fuscous, face
whitish. Palpi whitish-grey-ochreous, second joint mixed with black
anteriorly, terminal joint with base and a supramedian band irrorated
with blackish. Thorax greyish-ochreous, posterior extremity grey.
Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse,
termen very obliquely rounded; 2 and 3 stalked; greyish-ochreous ;
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 289
costa irregularly strigulated with blackish irroration ; a small blackish
mark above dorsum near base, posteriorly suffused with erey ; first
discal stigma represented by a black dot, and another obliquely before
and above it, second by a white dot surrounded by fuscous suffusion,
which forms a cloudy spot before it and a more diffuse patch beyond
it; some small indistinct blackish marginal dots round apex and
termen : cilia pale grey sprinkled with ochreous-whitish. Hindwings
light grey, darker posteriorly ; cilia whitish-ochreous-grey.
Cape Corony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; one specimen.
DEPRESSARIA PANURGA, 0. Sp.
?. 17mm. Head brownish. Palpi greyish sprinkled with dark
fuscous, terminal joint whitish with basal and median bands of blackish
irroration. Thorax brownish, anterior and posterior margins marked
with blackish. Abdomen light greyish. Forewings elongate, narrow,
costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ;
2 and 3 stalked; brown suffused with fuscous except beneath costa on
anterior half, and with rather dark purplish-fuscous on dorsal 2,
darkest towards base; costa marked with small obscure dark fuscous
spots or strigulae from base to * ; discal stigmata rather large, whitish,
first irregularly edged anteriorly with blackish suffusion or irroration,
second preceded by an irregular whitish dot or group of scales almost
connected with it: cilia light fuscous, slightly whitish-sprinkled.
Hindwings light grey ; cilia pale greyish.
Cape Contony, Knysna, in October (Péringuey) ; one specimen.
MELOTELES, n. g.
Head smooth, side-tufts slightly raised; ocelli small, posterior ;
tongue developed. Antennae #, in @ serrate, minutely ciliated, basal
joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, recurved, second
joint thickened with appressed scales, slightly roughened beneath,
terminal joint 2 of second, thickened with scales, acute. Maxillary
palpi very short, filiform, appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae
clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 16 furcate, 2 and 3 stalked
from angle, 7 absent, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate,
cilia +; 3 and 4 connate, 5—7 nearly parallel.
MELOTELES XANTHODOXA, 0. Sp.
&o. 14mm. Head, palpi, and thorax yellow-ochreous tinged with
ferruginous. Abdomen pale ochreous. Forewings elongate, costa
gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; yellow-ochreous
290 Annals of the South African Museum.
tinged with ferruginous: cilia concolorous. Hindwings and cilia
pale yellow-ochreous.
BECHUANALAND, Gaberones (Miss Marshall) ; one specimen.
Gen. CRYPTOLECHIA Zell.
CRYPTOLECHIA AMMOPLEURA, 0. Sp.
2. 33-34 mm. Head and thorax brownish, pale-speckled, side-
tufts of crown raised and connivent. Palpi pale rosy-pink speckled
with fuscous. Abdomen brown-whitish. Forewings suboblong, pos-
teriorly rather dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly
straight, little oblique; light grey-brownish, with very obscure
irregular transverse striation of purple-fuscous speckling; discal
stigmata represented by small faint cloudy spots of similar speckling ;
costal edge sometimes tinged with pale rosy-pink: cilia pale brownish-
erey, basal half speckled with purplish-fuscous. Hindwings and cilia
ochreous-whitish, cilia with very faint rosy tinge.
Carr Cotony, Capetown, two specimens, bred from larvae feeding
in base of receptacle of Protea mellifera (Proteaceae), pupa stated to
be like that of Lycaena in shape and attachment. Pupa-case sent, but
broken in transit ; apparently pupa sat erect on truncate abdomen (as
in several other genera of the Depressariad group) ; surface of pupa-
skin curiously freckled with very numerous small groups of minute
papillae.
BRIAROSTOMA, n. g.
Head with appressed scales ; ocelli posterior; tongue developed.
Antennae “, basal joint moderate, with pecten. Labial palpi extremely
long, straight, porrected, second joint very long, expanded with long
rough projecting scales above and beneath, terminal joint short,
slender, pointed. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior tibiae
clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from towards
angle, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from somewhat before middle.
Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, pointed, cilia {; 3 and 4 connate, 5—7
parallel.
Perhaps near Diocosma.
BRIAROSTOMA PYRRHOPSAMMA, Ni. Sp.
Q. 19 mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous faintly rosy-
tinged. Palpi ochreous-whitish tinged with rosy, irrorated with dark
fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex tolerably
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 291
pointed, termen very oblique, hardly rounded; ferruginous: cilia
hight ferruginous, on costa rosy-tinged. _Hindwings and cilia ochreous-
whitish, cilia faintly rosy-tinged.
Carr Conony, Zonder End Peak, 3600 ft., in January (Barnard).
Not in good condition, but a distinct form.
Gren. ISOCRITA Meyr.
TsocriIta ITHYDOXA, Nl. Sp.
g. 12mm. Head ochreous-whitish. Palpi whitish, second joint
infuscated towards apex, terminal joint suffused with dark fuscous
anteriorly. Thorax fuscous mixed with whitish, shoulders dark
fuscous. Abdomen light greyish. Forewings elongate, costa gently
arched, apex produced, acute, termen extremely obliquely rounded ;
light brownish, irregularly suffused with whitish and sprinkled with
fuscous ; a rather broad dark fuscous streak from base of costa to
termen beneath apex, posterior half suffused with ground-colour
beneath: cilia pale grey mixed with whitish towards base (imperfect).
Hindwings pale grey ; cilia whitish-grey.
CapE Cotony, Upington, in January (Fath. R. Sollier) ; one specimen.
XYLOR YC RIDA
Gen. EPORYCTA Meyr.
EPORYCTA CHIONAULA, Ni. Sp.
6. 29 mm. Head white, crown partially suffused with pale
ochreous. Palpi white, suffused with ochreous-grey anteriorly.
Antennal pectinations 1, ciated. Thorax light ochreous mixed with
grey, with a white streak on inner side of patagia. Abdomen whitish,
segments with coppery bands. Forewings elongate, costa slightly
arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, rather strongly oblique ;
light ochreous suffusedly mixed with grey, especially on veins ; markings
shining snow-white ; a streak along costa from base almost to apex,
cut by lines of ground-colour on veins 9-11; a moderate streak from
base above middle to termen beneath apex, on posterior fourth bisected
by a line of ground-colour; streaks between veins 2-5, uppermost very
slender and short; streaks above and beneath vein 1b, lower one not
extended quite to its apex: cilia white, barred with grey on apex,
292 Annals of the South African Museum.
suffused with light grey on lower part of termen, becoming darker
towards tornus. Hindwings light greyish-ochreous ; cilia white.
ORANGE FREE State, Smithfield (Kannemeyer) ; one specimen.
ASAPHARCHA, n. g
>:
Head with appressed scales, sidetufts loosely raised ; ocelli small,
posterior; tongue developed. Antennae $, in ¢ serrulate, shortly
ciliated, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi long,
curved, ascending, second joint reaching base of antennae, much
thickened with dense appressed scales, terminal joint as long as
second, moderate, acute. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform, appressed
to tongue. Anterior tarsi moderate, rather longer than tibiae ; posterior
tibiae clothed with dense rough scales above. Forewings with 1b long-
furcate, 2 from angle, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from middle.
Hindwings 1, trapezoidal-ovate, termen faintly sinuate, cilia }; 3 and
4 connate, 5 rather approximated, 6 and 7 approximated towards base.
Perhaps related to Thalamarchis.
ASAPHARCHA STRIGIFERA, Nl. Sp.
g 9. 17-18 mm. Head and palpi ochreous-yellow, base of palpi
with a few dark fuscous scales. Thorax ochreous-whitish, anterior
margin irregularly marked with dark fuscous suffusion. Abdomen
fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen
slightly rounded, somewhat oblique; ochreous-whitish, costal edge
ochreous-yellow ; irregularly strewn dark fuscous transverse strigulae
arranged along costa from base to about 3, and forming a sparse
irregular group towards median third of dorsum, and a denser patch
suffused in centre between cell and termen; stigmata dark fuscous,
plical somewhat elongate, beneath first discal: cilia whitish-yellowish
barred with dark fuscous irroration. Hindwings rather dark grey ;
cilia whitish-yellowish, with faint greyish subbasal shade.
TRANSVAAL, junction of Crocodile and Marico rivers, in February
(R. Tucker) ; two specimens.
ORNEODIDAE.
I have set forth elsewhere (Exotic Micro-lepidoptera, vol. i, p. 555)
the evidence on which I now assign this family to the Tineina, as
a development from the Copromorphidae.
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 293:
GEN. ORNEODES Latr.
ORNEODES HABROPHILA, Ni. Sp.
36. 14mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen whitish; palpi 23,
porrected, second joint with rough projecting hairscales above and
beneath, terminal joint half second. Forewings whitish; faint
indications of ochreous-yellowish fasciae before and beyond middle,
principally on cilia; a narrow grey fascia sprinkled with blackish
crossing segments 38-6 at 4 of wing, principally marked on cilia,
slenderest on 3: cilia otherwise whitish. Hindwings whitish; an
ochreous-yellowish fascia crossing segments 2—6 at 1, narrowest on 2,
slightly fuscous-edged posteriorly ; cilia whitish, on fascia yellowish.
ZuLuLAND, Eshowe (Marley); one specimen. Also Navan, Pine-
town, in January (Leigh), one specimen in my collection; expanse
16 mm., forewings with distinct but undefined median fascia of
ochreous-yellow suffusion, fascia of hindwings more strongly edged
with fuscous.
ORNEODES BRACHYZONA, H. Sp.
¢. 18 mm. Head white. Palpi 23, subascending, white, second
jomt thickened with scales projecting beneath towards apex, suffused
with pale ochreous with a lateral streak of dark fuscous irroration
except towards apex, terminal joint half second. Thorax grey,
anterior third ochreous-white. Abdomen ochreous-whitish, two basal
segments grey, third dark fuscous preceded by some white irroration.
Forewings white; a blackish-grey basal patch extending on costa
to + and on dorsum to 1; a blackish dot on costa at 1; a blackish-
grey fascia crossing segments 2—5 before middle, connected on fifth
with basal patch; a narrow curved yellow-ochreous median fascia
crossing wing just beyond this, slightly sprinkled with blackish-grey ;
a narrow irregular rather curved blackish-grey fascia mixed with
whitish crossing segments 2-6 at 2, completed on first segment by
a yellow-ochreous spot sprinkled with grey; an ochreous-yellowish
grey-sprinkled dot on costa at 3; a blackish dot on each segment before
tip: cila white, on antemedian and postmedian fasciae blackish-grey.
Hindwings white; base suffused with blackish-grey ; transverse series
of small yellowish spots sprinkled with blackish at 1 and 2, a series of
blackish dots before these, two between them, and one beyond them
towards tip; cilia white.
Care Cotony, Abraham’s Kraal, in April (Mrs. v. d. Bijl); one
specimen.
294. Annals of the South African Museum.
GLY PHIPTERYGIDAE.
Gen. PHYCODES Guen.
PHYCODES PSELIOTA, ll. Sp.
Q. 16 mm. Head grey. Palpi white, terminal joint grey.
Thorax dark grey sprinkled with whitish. Abdomen grey. Fore-
wings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa nearly straight,
rather arched towards apex, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight,
somewhat oblique; blackish-grey, with close fine transverse striation
of whitish points; direct transverse blackish fasciae bordered with
violet-silvery-metallic streaks at + and 2; blackish spots margined
with violet-silvery-metallic streaks at apex and tornus: cilia violet-
erey, above tornus with a patch of blue suffusion. Hindwings dark
fuscous; an undefined patch of ochreous-yellow suffusion occupying
central portion of disc and extending to near base and dorsum; cilia
ochreous-whitish, with dark fuscous basal line.
Nara, Durban (Marley); one specimen. Allied to adjectella, but
distinct by yellow hindwings.
Gren. ATYCHIA Latr.
ATYCHIA INFANDA, 0. Sp.
3. 17-18 mm. 9. 22 mm. Head and thorax blue-blackish,
hairs of collar mixed with pale ochreous. Palpi blackish, white at
base and beneath. Antennae blackish, in ¢ unipectinated with short
stout lamellae (14). Abdomen blackish, segmental margins in ¢ mixed
with grey-whitish, in 9 dark grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly
dilated, costa slightly arched, apex rounded-obtuse. termen rounded,
somewhat oblique; dark bronzy-fuscous, with a faint purplish tinge:
cilia dark fuscous, extreme tips whitish round apex. Hindwings dark
fuscous; a small irregular suffused ochreous-whitish spot in dise
slightly before middle, and a smaller one midway between this and
tornus ; cilia fuscous, with dark fuscous subbasal line, tips whitish.
Care Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens. Allied
to guiris, but seems constant.
ATYCHIA NYCTEROPIS, Nl. Sp.
¢g. 183mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen blackish. Palpi blackish,
white towards base and beneath. Antennae blackish, much thickened
Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 295
with scales, not pectinated. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated,
costa slightly arched, apex rounded, termen rounded, somewhat oblique ;
2 and 3 stalked; blackish, with a faint purple tinge: cilia dark
fuscous, extreme tips whitish. Hindwings blackish-fuscous ; cilia dark
fuscous, extreme tips whitish.
Carr Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft. ; one specimen.
GEN. SIMAETHIS Leach.
SIMAETHIS ENTECHNA, ND. Sp.
2. 10mm. Head and thorax blackish speckled with whitish, face
and palpi white sprinkled with dark fuscous. Abdomen dark grey.
Forewings somewhat elongate-triangular, costa moderately arched, apex
obtuse, termen slightly rounded, somewhat oblique ; blackish ; a very
irregular cloudy pale ochreous-yellowish transverse line at 2, costal
extremity white, preceded and followed by fasciae of white irroration ;
two cloudy ochreous-whitish dots transversely placed in disc beyond
middle; a transverse white mark from costa at 2,and an inwardly
oblique white mark from dorsum at 2, with some irregular ochreous-
whitish and chestnut-brown suffusion indicating a connecting line; an
elongate patch of chestnut-brown suffusion beneath costa from before
middle to near apex, terminated by an irregular pale ochreous apical
blotch, slenderly connected on margin with a small spot on middle of
termen ; an undefined fascia of scanty white irroration from 3 of costa
to tornus: cilia greyish with two blackish shades, with small whitish
patches above and below middle of termen. Hindwings dark fuscous ;
an irregular yellow-ochreous blotch in disc beyond middle ; a yellow-
ochreous marginal line round apex ; cilia whitish, with dark fuscous
subbasal line, tinged with reddish basally towards middle of termen.
Narat, Durban (Marley) ; one specimen.
Gen. GLYPHIPTERYX Hib.
GLYPHIPTERYX AMPHIPEDA, N. Sp.
2. 12mm. Head and thorax dark bronzy (defaced). Palpi with
whorls of dark fuscous white-tipped scales (defaced). Abdomen grey.
Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen somewhat
sinuate, very oblique; golden-bronze; markings violet-silvery-whitish
irregularly edged with blackish scales ; a rather narrow fascia from
9
costa near base to before middle of dorsum, and another from 2 of
costa to % of dorsum; an oblique streak from middle of costa reaching
‘half across wing; a narrow slightly sinuate fascia from 3 of costa to *
of dorsum, and one nearly staight from 2 of costa to tornus ; a small
23
N
296 Annals of the South African Museum.
wedge-shaped mark on costa before apex; an elongate blackish mark
along upper part of termen, containing two silvery dots: cilia white,
with a grey patch round apex, on lower part of termen with a blackish
basal line. Hindwings and cilia pale grey.
Carr Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4000 ft., in April; one specimen, not in
good condition, but the species is very distinct and easy of recognition.
GLYPHIPTERYX DIPLOTOXA, h. Sp-
gd. 11 mm. Head and thorax dark bronzy-fuscous, with a fine
white line on side of crown. Palpi with whorls of black white-tipped
scales, roughly projecting at apex of second joint beneath. Abdomen
dark grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse,
termen slightly sinuate, oblique ; dark bronzy-fuscous, posterior half
largely suffused with pale bronzy-ochreous ; markings shining white; a
rather oblique fasciate streak from dorsum at + reaching } across wing,
apex truncate; a narrow slightly curved fascia from before middle of
costa to beyond middle of dorsum, rather widened downwards ; a
narrow slightly curved or bent pale silvery-grey fascia, white on costa,
from 2 of costa to dorsum before tornus, edged with dark fuscous
anteriorly ; three small spots on costa between this and apex ; two
silvery spots along upper and lower parts of termen, upper edged above
by a small black apical spot: cilia white, base within a black median
line pale bronzy, indented with white beneath apex, on costa above
apex deeper bronze with a blackish projecting apical hook. Hindwings
grey ; cilia grey, round apex with outer half whitish-grey.
Carpet Conony, Table Mountain, in February (Barnard) ; one
specimen.
GLYPHIPTERYX CLIMACASPIS, nN. Sp.
go @. 10-16 mm. Head dark bronzy-fuscous. Palpi with four
whorls of black white-tipped scales, anterior edge of terminal joint
black. Thorax dark bronze. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate,
costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen sinuate, very oblique; ¢ and
8 stalked in g, separate in @; pale shining golden-bronze ; costal
edge more or less suffused with grey; markings shining silvery-
metallic-whitish edged with dark grey; a longitudinal streak from
base above middle to 2; a streak along fold from base, beyond apex
of preceding bent obliquely down and continued to dorsum at }; five
streaks from costa, first three oblique, first from somewhat before
middle, reaching * across wing, sometimes touching praetornal streak,
second reaching } across wing, approaching apex of praetornal streak,
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 297
third longer, more or less incurved, touching apex of post-tornal
streak, fourth short, direct, fifth running to termen above middle;
erect praetornal and post-tornal streaks tinged with violet-golden
joimed by three black bars usually interrupted to form six spots; a
short slender streak on apical edge: cilia whitish-grey, .basal half
‘within a bronzy line silvery-metallic. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish-
erey.
Cape Conony, Table Mountain (2500 ft.), Zonder End Peak
(3600 ft.), Hottentot-Holland Mts. (4000 ft.), from November to
March (Barnard) ; ten specimens.
GEN. CHRYSOCENTRIS Meyr.
CHRYSOCENTRIS URANIA, D. Sp.
$2. 13-14 mm. Head light yellow-ochreous (rubbed). Palpi
whitish-ochreous, second joint with three blackish rings, with long
roughly projecting whitish-ochreous hair-scales beneath, anterior end
of terminal joint blackish. Thorax pale bronzy-ochreous transversely
barred with blackish (rubbed). Abdomen blackish, segmental margins
in 2 whitish. Forewings elongate, posteriorly rather dilated, costa
gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; ochreous-bronze ;
numerous small blue or violet-metallic spots partly edged with blackish,
viz. a series of about eight transverse marks from costa, posteriorly
becoming pale ochreous on costa, about eighteen variable spots arranged
in three irregular longitudinal series in disc, and a terminal series of
dots: cilia pale ochreous, on basal half ochreous-bronze, suffusedly
barred with blackish. Hindwings black; in ? several quadrate white
spots in dise, very obscurely indicated in g ; several small white spots
towards apex, and a series along termen, in 9 distinct, in ¢ more
suffused ; cilia grey, with blackish subbasal shade, obscurely barred
with whitish suffusion.
Nartat, Inchanga and Krantzkop, in November (Barnard) ; three
specimens.
ELACHISTIDAE.
Gen. ELACHISTA Treitsch.
ELACHISTA MERIMNAEA, 0. Sp.
gd. 11mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white. Abdomen light grey.
Forewings lanceolate; white, with scattered fuscous specks, denser
298 Annals of the South African Museum.
towards posterior part of dorsum, and forming a small spot of irrora-
tion on costa before apex: cilia white, with a few fuscous specks, above
apex with a spot of fuscous suffusion. Hindwings grey-whitish ; cilia
yellow-whitish.
Carge Cotony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ; one
specimen.
SCYTHRIDAE.
Gren. SCYTHRIS Hib.
ScyTHRIS MELIGASTRA, Nl. Sp.
2. 17 mm. Head yellow-ochreous. Palpi ochreous - whitish,
terminal joint and upper part of second anteriorly dark fuscous.
Thorax ochreous - grey. Abdomen yellow - ochreous. Forewings
elongate-lanceolate ; ochreous-grey ; plical and second discal stigmata
blackish: cilia ochreous-grey. Hindwings with 4 and 5. stalked ;
fuscous ; cilia ochreous-grey, paler towards tips.
S. W. Prorecrorate, Narugas, in January (Lightfoot); one
specimen.
ScYTHRIS EXSOLUTA, 0. sp.
6. 20mm. Head, palpi, and thorax light grey. Antennal cilia-
tions 13. Abdomen light greyish-ochreous. Forewings elongate,
narrow, costa slightly arched, apex acute, termen slightly sinuate,
extremely oblique; grey, with an elongate patch of whitish suffusion
in disc before middle, and obscurely mixed with whitish posteriorly ;
second discal stigma obscurely darker: cilia light grey mixed with
whitish. Hindwings with 4 and 5 stalked; pale grey; cilia pale
ereyish-ochreous.
Cape Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4000 ft., in April; one specimen.
ScCYTHRIS DIMENSA, 0. sp.
6. 10mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark purple-grey. Antennal
ciliations 3. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate-lanceolate ;
dark iridescent-purple-grey ; a sharply defined rather narrow whitish
median longitudinal streak from base to 2: cilia grey, towards base
suffused with purplish. Hindwings with 4 and 5 separate; dark grey ;
cilia grey.
Narat, Durban, in March (Marley) ; one specimen.
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 299
PTEROLONCHIDAE.
ANATHYRSA, n. g.
Head loosely rough-haired above, sidetufts raised, spreading, face
with appressed scales; ocelli small, posterior; tongue absent.
Antennae nearly 1, basal joimt moderate, with pecten. Labial palpi
very long, nearly straight, ascending, second joint very long, thickened
with dense scales, with long rough hair-scales above on posterior half
to apex, terminal joint less than half second, projecting from apical
hairs, slender, filiform, hardly pointed. Maxillary palpi absent,
Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Forewings with 1b
furcate, 2 from +, 3 from angle, 7 to costa, 8 absent, 9 and 10 from
near 7, 11 from before middle. Hindwings under 1, ovate-lanceolate,
cilia over 1 ; 2-7 separate, nearly parallel, transverse vein from 3 to 4
outwards-oblique.
A remarkable and interesting form. In one forewing of one specimen
veins 5 and 6 are stalked—doubtless only a chance abnormality.
ANATHYRSA MACROXYLA, DN. sp.
Q. 30-34 mm. Head white, crown tinged with pale brownish-
ochreous posteriorly. Palpi fuscous, terminal joint and long hairs of
second white. Thorax white, anterior half tinged with pale brownish-
ochreous. Abdomen whitish. Forewings very elongate, rather narrow,
costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, extremely
oblique ; shining white ; a thick brown supramedian longitudinal stripe
from base to apex: cilia white. Hindwings ochreous-whitish ; cilia
ochreous-whitish, more yellowish-tinged towards base.
Cargk Conony, Capetown, in December and February; three
specimens.
COLEOPHORIDAE.
Gen. COLEOPHORA Hib.
COLEOPHORA NIPHOCROSSA, N. sp.
Q. 12mm. Head and palpi white, centre of crown pale yellowish.
Antennae white ringed with fuscous, basal jomt roughly tufted
anteriorly, base of stalk thickened with loose scales. Thorax white,
patagia and a central stripe pale yellowish. Abdomen grey, segmental
margins suffused with white. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate ;
rather dark bronzy-brown, dorsal area suffused with bronzy-ochreous ;
300 Annals of the South African Museum.
a narrow white costal streak from base to +; a slender white dorsal
streak from base to near tornus: cilia light grey, on costa white
except towards apex. Hindwings pale grey; cilia whitish-grey.
Carre Conony, Capetown, in January (Barnard); one specimen.
SANDALOECA, n. g.
Head smooth; tongue short. Antennae ®, basa] joint moderate,
without pecten. Labial palpi very long, straight, porrected, second
jomt thickened with appressed scales, rather roughly projecting
beneath towards apex, terminal joint short, loosely scaled, tolerably
obtuse. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae clothed with long
hairs above. Forewings with 2 from angle, 2-4 approximated, 5 and 6
absent, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 9 approximated, 11 from rather
before middle. Hindwings 2, narrow-lanceolate, cilia 3; cell open
between 3 and 5, 4 absent, 5 and 7 approximated towards base.
SANDALOECA LATHRAEA, Nl. Sp.
?. 89mm. Head and thorax pale glossy grey. Palpi whitish,
dark fuscous on basal half and beneath throughout. Abdomen light
grey. Forewings lanceolate; light glossy grey; a broad suffused
glossy white costal streak from base to 4, pointed posteriorly: cilia
whitish-grey. Hindwings very pale bluish-grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous.
Carr Cotony, Steenbrass, Caledon district (Barnard). Bred from
portable cases attached to grass-stems (apparently); case elongate,
6 mm. x 2°5 mm., widest about middle and narrowed towards ex-
tremities, convex dorsally and with lateral downward-curved flaps so
as to be concave ventrally (thus partially stem-clasping), surface even,
pale greyish-ochreous, papery, formed of minute filamentous fragments
of dubious nature.
ENSCEPASTRA, n. g.
Head smooth ; ocelli posterior ; tongue developed. Antennae nearly
1, in ¢ simple, basal joint moderately elongate, without pecten.
Labial palpi long, straight, porrected, second joint thickened with
loose rough scales above and beneath, terminal joint about } of
second, in ¢ slender, porrected, in Q concealed in loose rough scales.
Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae clothed with hairs above.
Forewings with 2 from angle, 2-4 approximated, 5 absent, 6 and 7
stalked, 7 to costa, 8 absent, 11 from middle. Hindwings 3}, narrow-
lanceolate, cilia 5; 5 and 4 absent, cell open between 2 and 5, 5 and 6
stalked, 7 closely approximated at base.
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 301
ENSCEPASTRA PLAGIOPA, D. Sp.
fo @. 1-15 mm. Head and thorax grey, suffusedly mixed with
white. Palpi grey sprinkled with white. Abdomen whitish-grey.
Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate, apex rather produced ; grey,
closely and suffusedly irrorated with white, in ¢ sometimes almost
wholly whitish; plical and first discal stigmata distinct, blackish,
plical obliquely anterior: cilia ochreous-whitish, in 9 greyish-tinged.
Hindwings pale grey; cilia ochreous-whitish.
Capg Cotony, Table Mountain, in February (Barnard); four
specimens.
PLUTELLIDAE.
GEN. PISINIDEA Butl.
PISINIDEA EXSUPERANS, 0. Sp.
¢. 18mm. Head, palpi, and thorax fuscous suffusedly irrorated
with whitish, forehead without projecting tuft, palpi 6. Abdomen
fuscous, segmental margins whitish. Forewings elongate, costa gently
arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly straight, rather strongly
oblique; fuscous finely and suffusedly irrorated with whitish, with a
few scattered dark fuscous scales ; an obscure streak of pale ochreous
suffusion along fold; a small dark fuscous spot beneath costa near
base, and two others representing discal stigmata, these three connected
by white suffusion ; a series of dark fuscous linear dots round posterior
part of costa and termen: cilia whitish speckled with fuscous. Hind-
wings grey; cilia as in forewings.
Cape CouLony, Capetown, in April (Haughton); one specimen.
Except in the absence of frontal tuft, this species agrees in all respects
with the structure of the South American genus Pisinidea.
LYONETIADAH.
Guy. BUCCULATRIX Zell.
BuccuLaTRIxX AGILIS, 0. sp.
3g 2. 7mm. Head whitish-grey, more or less mixed with dark
fuscous. Thorax grey-whitish irrorated with black. Abdomen light
302 Annals of the South African Museum.
grey. Forewings lanceolate; whitish irrorated with black; the white
eround-colour forms a more or less developed oblique streak from
middle of dorsum; an oblique blackish streak from 2 of costa to near
tornus, obscured by the dark irroration : cilia whitish-grey, round apex
white with lines of black irroration. Hindwings grey ; cilia pale grey.
Carr Contony, Kimberley, bred in July from larvae feeding on
Acacia horrida (Lightfoot) ; five specimens.
TINEIDAE.
Gen. TINEA Linn.
TINEA TRILINGUIS, Nl. Sp.
g 2. 11-18 mm. Head fulvous. Antennae ochreous-whitish.
Thorax dark purple-fuscous, with a whitish-ochreous median stripe.
Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings elongate-lanceolate ; 4 and 5, or
5 and 6 sometimes short-stalked (inconstant), 7 and 8 stalked; pale
ochreous; a broad dark purplish-fuscous median longitudinal streak
from base to apex and upper part of termen, extending at base to
costa and dorsum: cilia whitish-ochreous, at apex with a dark fuscous
bar. Hindwings with 5 and 6 stalked; light grey; cilia whitish.
Carr Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; two specimens.
TINEA SPILOCOMA, Ni. Sp.
gd. 8mm. Head whitish, lower part of face blackish, two blackish
spots between antennae. Palpi blackish. Thorax ochreous-whitish,
anterior half blackish. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, rather
narrow, costa gently arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely
rounded; light ochreous-brown, irregularly mixed with blackish;
costal 2 blackish, crossed by an oblique whitish streak at 4, a
broader oblique rhomboidal white spot before middle, two parallel
oblique white lines at 2, and an inwardly oblique white mark before
apex; about six irregular black marks or short rather oblique spots
from dorsum, separated by white suffusion; a slender irregular black
terminal streak, edged with white anteriorly: cilia whitish-ochreous,
basal third suffusedly mixed with blackish, at apex forming a black
spot edged above and below by white spots. Hindwings rather dark
purplish-grey ; cilia grey.
Carre Conony, Hottentot-Holland Mountains, 3000 ft., in March
(Barnard). A notable species, more like cloacella than any other
African form.
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 303
TINEA CRAUROTA, 0. Sp.
6. 10mm. Head ochreous-whitish (partly rubbed). Palpi dark
fuscous, apex of joints whitish. Antennae almost 1, grey. Thorax
greyish-ochreous, shoulders mixed with dark fuscous. Abdomen
whitish-grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow,
costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ;
5 and 6 stalked, 7 and 8 stalked; greyish-ochreous, coarsely sprinkled
with fuscous; costa suffused with fuscous anteriorly; stigmata
represented by rather large roundish fuscous spots mixed with
darker, plical obliquely before first discal; margins posteriorly
suffusedly mixed with fuscous; cilia pale greyish-ochreous, basal
half obscurely barred with fuscous. Hindwings with 5 and 6 stalked;
light slaty-grey ; cilia whitish-grey.
CarE Cotony, Capetown, in January (Barnard) ; one specimen.
TINEA FORTUITA, N. Sp.
6. 13mm. Head pale ochreous, face and sides of crown suffused
with ferruginous. Palpi and antennae dark fuscous. Thorax pale
ochreous tinged with ferruginous anteriorly, shoulders dark fuscous.
Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa moderately
arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded; shining
pale bronzy-ochreous, with several minute scattered blackish dots,
variable in position except one on end of cell; costal edge dark
fuscous towards base: cilia whitish-grey. Hindwinegs and _ cilia
light grey.
Carr Cotony, Hottentot-Holland Mountains (Barnard); one
specimen.
TINEA CHALCOXESTA, ND. Sp.
Sd. 14 mm. Head yellow-whitish. Antennae light greyish.
Thorax light bronzy. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, rather
narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely
rounded; light shining brassy-bronze: cilia pale grey. Hindwings
light prismatic grey; cilia pale grey.
Carré Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; two specimens.
Gen. MYRMECOZELA Staint.
MyrMECOZELA TERRITA, Ni. Sp.
S$. 22 mm. Head ochreous-whitish with a few fuscous hairs
Palpi whitish, second joint mixed with dark fuscous except apex.
304 Annals of the South African Museum.
Thorax pale violet-grey mixed with dark fuscous, apex of patagia
pale reddish-grey. Abdomen pale greyish-ochreous. Forewings elon-
gate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely
rounded ; light violet-grey irrorated with dark fuscous ; a subcostal
series of small blackish spots from near base to beyond middle, and
costa spotted with dark posteriorly ; a cloudy spot of blackish suffusion
in dise at 2, preceded by some pale suffusion: cilia pale grey sprinkled
with dark fuscous. Hindwings grey, with slight brassy tinge; cilia
pale grey.
Cape Cotony, Capetown, in March (Keytel); one specimen. The
venus Myrmecozela absorbs and supersedes Amydria.
HOMALOPSYCHA, n. g.
Head densely rough-haired ; ocelli small, posterior ; tongue obsolete.
Antennae 8, in ¢ serrulate, simple, basal joint moderate, with pecten.
Labial palpi moderate, porrected, second joint tufted with dense rough
scales beneath, with several projecting lateral bristles, terminal joint
much shorter than second, subascending, loosely scaled, tolerably
obtuse. Maxillary palpi rather long, several-jointed, folded, filiform.
Forewings with 1b fureate, 2 from angle, 7 to costa, 11 from +.
Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia !; 2-7 separate, 5 and 6 somewhat
approximated at base.
Difters from Prothinodes by short terminal joint of palpi, and from
Lipomering by presence of lateral bristles, but probably allied to both.
HOMALOPSYCHA AESTUARIA, 0. Sp.
¢. 20-21 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax pale ochreous-yellowish.
Antennae whitish-grey. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, narrow,
costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen extremely obliquely
rounded; pale ochreous-yellowish or whitish-ochreous, dorsal area
beneath fold somewhat deeper; four or five scattered blackish specks
along fold; costal edge dark grey towards base; a cloudy longitudinal
streak of grey suffusion from base beneath costa, sometimes blackish
towards base, becoming lighter posteriorly and at middle, separating
into two arms composed of faint cloudy neural lines, upper running to
posterior portion of costa, lower to lower portion of termen, included
area more whitish-tinged, especially towards apex: cilia whitish-
ochreous, with whitish apical bar and patches of obscure grey speckling
above and below this. Hindwings rather dark grey; cilia pale grey.
Carr Coxony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens.
Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 305
OCHETOXENA, n. g.
Head shortly rough-haired on crown, face with appressed hairs ;
ocelli small, posterior; tongue short, slender. Antennae } (?), in
¢ very shortly ciated, basal joint slender, without pecten. Labial
palpi moderately long, obliquely ascending, slender, second joint
shortly rough-scaled beneath, terminal joint shorter than second,
tolerably pointed. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform, porrected.
Posterior tibiae rough-scaled above. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2
from angle, 3—5 slightly approximated, 7 to termen, 8-10 from near
end of cell, 11 from middle, secondary cell defined. Hindwings 1,
trapezoidal-ovate, cilia }; 2 remote, 3 and 4 parallel, 3 from angle, 5
and 6 somewhat approximated towards base, 7 parallel.
Apparently allied to Mesopherna.
OCHETOXENA PHANERAULA, Nl. Sp.
SQ. 23-24 mm. Head and palpi grey. Thorax brown, anteriorly
suffused. with grey. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings elongate,
moderate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, more pointed in
®, termen faintly sinuate, oblique; brown; costal edge fuscous,
darker towards base; a moderately broad shining white median
longitudinal streak from base to apex, narrowed at extremities: cilia
whitish-grey. Hindwings pale grey; cilia whitish.
Carre Conony, Zonder End Peak, 3600 ft., in January (Barnard) ;
two specimens.
IDIOTECHNA, n. g.
Head with short loose rough hairs; ocelli posterior; tongue
developed. Antennae 3, in ¢ minutely pubescent, basal joint
moderately elongate, with pecten. Labial palpi moderate, porrected,
slender, loosely sealed, terminal joint as long as second, tolerably
pointed. Maxillary palpi several-jointed, folded, filiform. Posterior
tibiae smooth. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from angle, 7 to termen,
8-10 rather approximated, 11 from before middle. Hindwings 1,
trapezoidal-ovate, cilia 5; 2-7 separate, tolerably parallel, 2 widely
remote, 3 from angle.
Allied to preceding.
IDIOTECHNA FURCIFERA, 0. Sp.
¢. 20mm. Head white. Palpi white, with a grey lateral line.
Thorax white, outer edge of patagia light bronze. Abdomen dark
306 Annals of the South African Museum.
erey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa
gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen slightly rounded, rather
strongly oblique; shining bronze; markings snow-white; a costal
streak from near base to #, attenuated posteriorly, costal edge dark
fuscous anteriorly ; a slender dorsal streak from base to near tornus ;
a moderately broad streak from middle of base above fold to tornus ;
a moderately broad streak from middle of disc to apex, with a slender
branch from middle of its upper edge running to costa near apex :
cilia grey, basal half white. Hindwings and cilia grey.
Cape Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ;
one specimen.
Gren. LATYPICA Meyr.
LATYPICA CRISPA, 0. Sp.
gd. 14 mm. Head and palpi white. Thorax white, with a few
fuscous scales towards anterior margin. Abdomen whitish. Fore-
wings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-
pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; white, with scattered brownish-
ochreous scales, especially posteriorly, margins sometimes strigulated
with brown and black scales; markings ochreous or brownish, edged
laterally with black strigulae; a small spot on costa near base ;
subquadrate spots on costa at 4, middle, and 3; more or less developed
spots towards + and middle of dorsum; first discal stigma blackish
edged anteriorly with brownish or ochreous suffusion, second repre-
sented by a blackish transverse mark followed by brownish or ochreous
suffusion; three small spots on costa posteriorly; a submarginal
streak along termen: cilia whitish, with two dark fuscous lines.
Hindwings pale grey or whitish-grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish.
Natat, Durban (Marley); Care Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4000 ft. ;
two specimens.
Gen. ZELOMORA Meyr.
ZELOMORA PHLYCTIDOTA, h. Sp.
Q. 12 mm. Head and thorax white, shoulders fuscous. Palpi
white, terminal joint longer than second. Abdomen whitish-grey, with
large anal tuft of long hairs. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched,
apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; 7 to termen; white; markings
pale violet-fuscous, their margins suffusedly irrorated with black ;
blotches on costa and dorsum near base; a blotch on costa somewhat
Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 307
before middle, reaching half across wing, and on dorsum beyond
middle opposite to it; an irregular transverse spot from tornus; a
blotch suffusedly irrorated with black on costa towards apex; some
fuscous black-tipped scales on costa before apex and on termen towards
middle: cilia white, somewhat mixed with fuscous on termen. Hind-
wings whitish-grey ; cilia white.
Carre Cotony, Steenbrass (Barnard); one specimen.
Gen. PICROSPORA Meyr.
PICROSPORA LITHACOPA, 0. Sp.
¢. 13 mm. Head white. Palpi fuscous, white above. Thorax
whitish-fuscous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings elon-
gate, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, rather
strongly oblique ; fuscous, with some scattered whitish scales, towards
termen with some whitish suffusion ; plical and second discal stigmata
very small, blackish: cilia whitish. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish-
erey.
Care Cotony, Somerset West Mts., 4000 ft. (Barnard); two
specimens. Very similar to the allied Acorostoma medicata, but easily
separated by the quite different palpi.
Gren. MALLOBATHRA Meyr.
MALLOBATHRA ZOPHAULA, 0. Sp.
6. 8mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark grey. Palpi whitish.
Antennae 3, joints closely set, pubescent. Forewings elongate, costa
gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded; dark
purplish suffusedly mixed with grey and dark grey: cilia grey.
Hindwings grey ; cilia light grey.
Cape Cotony, Table Mountain, 2500 ft., in January (Barnard) ;
two specimens.
ENCELIDOTIS, n. g.
Head loosely rough-haired ; ocelli small, posterior; tongue well
developed. Antennae 4, in ¢ shortly ciliated, basal joint moderate,
with tuft or pecten of scales anteriorly. Labial palpi moderately long,
slender, porrected, loosely scaled throughout, second joint with two or
three apical bristles, terminal joint as long as second, hardly pointed.
Maxillary palpi absent. Posterior tibiae thinly haired above. Fore-
308 Annals of the South African Museum.
wings with 2 from angle, 7 to costa, 11 from before middle. Hindwings
1, elongate-ovate, thinly clothed with long scales, cilia 1; 2-7 tolerably
parallel.
ENCELIDOTIS OCHROPHRAGMA, Nl. Sp.
$2. 13-14mm. Head white, centre of crown mixed with fuscous,
lower part of face dark fuscous. Palpi dark grey, more or less mixed
with white. Thorax white, shoulders fuscous. Abdomen pale grey.
Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex tolerably
pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; white, irregularly strewn
with small brownish-ochreous dots or irregularly mixed with scales ;
an irregular brownish-ochreous spot in dise before middle; a rather
narrow brownish-ochreous transverse fascia at about 2: cilia white.
Hindwings pale grey ; cilia whitish.
CarE Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens.
Gren. BARBAROSCARDIA Wals.
BARBAROSCARDIA METACLINA, D. sp.
S$. 11 mm. Head whitish. Palpi dark fuscous, hair-scales and
apex whitish. Thorax whitish mixed with light ochreous, shoulders
suffused with dark fuscous. Abdomen dark grey, scales of segmental
margins whitish-grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched,
apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; whitish irregu-
larly mixed with pale ochreous; markings grey mixed with black; a
spot on costa almost at base; a narrow irregular transverse fascia
at 2; a narrow rather oblique fascia beyond middle, tending to be
interrupted above and below middle; a triangular blotch on costa
at +, and sometimes a small spot on middle of termen beneath it :
cilia whitish, obscurely spotted with pale ochreous sprinkled with
erey. Hindwings light grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish.
Carr Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; two specimens.
Gen. NARYCIA Steph.
NARYCIA ISOXANTHA, N. sp.
S$. 13 mm. Head, palpi, antennae, and thorax light ochreous-
yellow. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched,
apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded; lght ochreous-yellow :
cilia concolorous. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-grey.
8.W. Protectorate, Grootfontein, in December (Lightfoot) ; four
specimens.
Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 309
Gen. CTENOCOMPA Meyr.
CTENOCOMPA ZASCIA, 0. Sp.
d. 16-17 mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen dark grey.
Antennal pectinations 5. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated,
costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, oblique; 8 and 9
stalked or usually coincident ; dark grey, basal area slightly sprinkled
with blackish and whitish; a shehtly incurved median fascia of dark
fuscous irroration, preceded by a narrower fascia of whitish irroration ;
area beyond this suffusedly irrorated with whitish towards margins
and slightly in disc, with a dark fuscous transverse spot on costa
at 2, and a smaller one beyond it: cilia grey, base mixed with whitish.
Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey or grey-whitish.
CapE Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens. The genus
Ctenocompa includes and supersedes Struthisca.
Gen. MELASINA Htb.
MELASINA CYLINDRAULA, 0. Sp.
go. 2425 mm. Head and thorax grey-whitish. Palpi short,.
slender, grey. Antennae slender, pectinations 4. Abdomen whitish-
erey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly rather dilated, costa gently
arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, rather strongly oblique ;
7 to termen; fuscous-grey, more or less suffusedly irrorated with
whitish; veins posteriorly more or less marked with fine indistinct
darker fuscous lines: cilia light fuscous suffused with whitish. Huind-
wings light grey; cilia grey-whitish.
Care Contony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot); two
specimens, bred from cylindrical cases about 20 mm. x 5 mm., formed
of a single series of longitudinally placed segments, in one case of
hollow grass-stems, in the other (I think) stems of Juncus, with
irregular ends.
MELASINA MARMARODES, 0. sp.
Q. 17-18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white, slightly sprinkled
with grey, palpi short. Abdomen pale grey, anal tuft grey-whitish.
Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse-pointed,
termen faintly sinuate, oblique; light grey irregularly mixed and
suffused with white, with irregularly scattered blackish scales; the
white suffusion indicates an irregular longitudinal median streak on
posterior half of wing, partly edged with black scales: cilia white,
with obscurely indicated greyish median shade. Hindwings pale grey ;
cilia whitish-grey or whitish.
310 Annals of the South African Museum.
Cape Cotony, Knysna, bred in October (Péringuey); two specimens.
Larva in stout cylindrical cases, one of these composed of twigs as
long as the case, arranged longitudinally, the other of miscellaneous
fragments arranged promiscuously. Pupa with two basal segments
of abdomen fixed, each segment with a transverse dorsal series of very
short numerous spines near basal margin. id. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 54, p. 522.
1910. L id. Wash. Bur. Fish. Doc. 736, p. 37.
PSEUDIONE MUNIDAE 0. sp.
(Plate XVII. Figs. 26, 27.)
Female.—Head a little wider than long, anterior margin slightly
’ with hind margin and lateral
processes crenulate. Ovarian bosses on first 4 segments. Epimera
convex, crenulate, “ imbe posterieur’
inconspicuous, antero-lateral angle acutely produced on anterior seg-
ments, lateral margin irregularly indented on the posterior segments.
Pleon of 6 distinct segments, 6th minute and embraced by 5th, ventral
surfaces crossed by longitudinal rugae, pleura developed as lamellae,
but not concealing the pleopods, entire, covered with rounded warts.
Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 427
Antenna | 3-jointed, basal joint not greatly expanded, not con-
tiguous with its fellow.
Antenna 2 4-jointed, basal joint not greatly expanded.
A pair of large tubes as described by Calman in P. giardi.
Maxilliped, anterior portion produced both backwards and forwards
on the outside, posterior portion triangular, its antero-interior angle
not produced, no palp.
Peraeopods with 8rd joint bulbous, exterior angle of palm produced
into a rounded setose lobe on which the curved finger closes.
The 5 pairs of marsupial plates overlap in the centre. The first
pair with a blunt posterior process on the distal lobe, no overlapping
ridge. Hind margin of the 4th pair minutely setulose, of the 5th
strongly setose.
Pleopods lanceolate, becoming slightly shorter posteriorly, outer and
inner rami subequal, with small warts, chiefly on the anterior pairs.
Uropods lanceolate with acute apices.
Male.—Lanceolate in outline, head broader than long, anterior
margin rounded. Peraeon segments distinct, laterally narrowed,
subangular. Pleon abruptly narrower than peraeon, all 6 segments
distinct, 6th segment broader than long, hind margin emarginate,
postero-lateral angles without setae.
Antenna | 3-jointed; antenna 2 4-joited; the basal joints not
expanded.
Peraeopods with 5rd joint not bulbous, palm oblique.
Pleopods—there are obscure indications of lobe-like processes on
the first 5 segments and possibly on the 4th also.
Length: 2 9mm., ¢ 4mm.; breadth: 2 6mm., ¢ 15 mm.
Colour : In spirit yellowish-white. —
Locality: Off Buffalo River, East London. 300 fathoms. ¢
and ¢ 9. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 16/4/01 and 24/4/01. (S.A.M. Nos.
A269 and A2273.)
Host : Munida sancti-pauli Henderson. In the branchial cavity.
Distinguished from P. crenulata Sars 1898 by the acute epimera
and the rounded pleura in the 9. The ¢ bears most resemblance to
that of P. giardi Calman 1898.
PSEUDIONE CRENULATA Sars.
1898. Pseudione crenulata Sars, Crust. Norw, vol. 2, p. 2038, pl. 86,
fies I
1900. - Bonnier, Trav. Stat. Wimereux, vol. 8,
p- 308,
4.28 Annals of the South African Museum.
Female.—Head only very faintly crenulate, “‘limbe posterieur ”
with margin entire, the lateral processes not crenulate. Hyes not
distinguishable. Ovarian bosses on segments 1-4. Maxilliped with
inner distal angle of anterior part not so much produced as in Sars’
figure, without any indication of a palp. First marsupial plate
without posterior process on distal lobe, overlapping ridge well
developed ; posterior margin of plates 2 and 3 setulose, of 4 and 5
strongly setose.
In other respects corresponding with Sars’ deseription.
Length: 2 5mm., ¢ 2 mm.; breadth: 9? 35mm., ¢ 15 mm.
Colour: In spirit duli pinkish.
Locality: Off Port Shepstone, Natal. 24 fathoms. s.s. ‘‘ Pieter
Faure.” (S.A.M. No. A4860.)
Host: Galathea dispersa Bate. In the branchial cavity.
Geogr. Distribution: Coast of Norway. On Munida rugosa and
tenuimana. (Sars.)
PARAGIGANTIONE Nn. g.
Female.—Body oval, asymmetrical, Epimera well defined, extend-
ing the whole length of the segment, not expanded. Pleon segments
distinct. Pleura hiding the pleopods but not expanded, entire.
Maxilliped similar to that of Gigantione, without palp. All 7 pairs of
peraeopods developed. Pleopods biramous, entire, inner ramus larger
than outer. Uropods biramous, rami subequal, ovate, not pedunculate.
Male.—Peraeon and pleon segments distinct. A median ventral
papilla on peraeon segments 1-6, Pleopods present on segments 1-5,
lobe-like. Uropods lamellate, uniramous, ovate.
Parasitic in the branchial cavity.
This genus differs from Gigantione in having in the ? non-pedun-
culate uropods, the segments not expanded and the pleopods not
fimbriate or fringed. No mention is made of the ventral papillae of
the ¢ in any species of Gigantione, so that their absence may be
reckoned as a characteristic of the genus.
The only other genus in which the ? has biramous uropods and the
pleon segments of the ¢ are distinct is Aporobopyroides Nobili 1906,
but in this genus the 5th and 6th pleon segments of the ¢ are fused
dorsally and ventrally and there are no pleopods or uropods. The
of Urobopyrus Richardson 1904 is unknown.
PARAGIGANTIONE PAPILLOSA Nn, Sp.
(Plate XVIL Figs. 28, 29.)
Female,—Head broader than long, anterior margin slightly convex,
Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 429
‘limbe posterieur ” entire, the curved process at exterior angle strong.
Ovarian bosses absent or not yet developed. Epimera conspicuous,
extending whole length of segments. Pleon of 6 distinct segments,
pleura entire, only the 4th and Sth strongly produced as lamellae, 5th
segment embracing 6th, which is broader than long.
Antenna 1 3-jointed, Ist and 2nd joints stout, 3rd minute, tipped
with setae.
Antenna 2 5-jointed, Ist and 2nd joints stout, 3rd and 4th elongate,
5th minute, tipped with setae.
Maxilliped, anterior portion quadrangular, exterior angle rounded,
margins setose, posterior portion more semicircular than triangular,
inner apical angle acute, ending in a small spine, inner margin setose,
palp absent.
Only the first pair of marsupial plates meet in the centre; the
others apparently are not fully developed. First pair with the 2
lobes subtriangular and about equal in size, overlapping ridge entire
and smooth. Inner and hind margins of 2nd—5th pairs and inner
margin of the distal lobe of Ist pair setose.
Pleopods probably not fully developed, inner ramus broadly lanceo-
late with acute apex, larger than outer ramus, which is quadrate, with
the postero-exterior angle a little produced.
Uropods biramous, attached to the lateral angles of 6th pleon
segment, rami subequal, ovate, apical margins finely setulose.
Male.—Nearly parallel-sided, anterior margin of head convex.
Peraeon segments all distinct, laterally somewhat pointed, Ist with
the median ventral papilla pointed, segments 2—6 with the papilla
rounded, with a small pit in the middle. Pleon segments all distinct,
pleura developed as blunt lamellae, the 5th segment embracing 6th,
which is as broad as long, ovate and cleft nearly to the base.
Pleopods on segments 1-5 lobe-like.
Uropods lamellate, uniramous, obovate, extending a little beyond
apex of 6th segment, apical margins finely setose.
Length: 9 75mm., ¢ 3mm.; breadth: 2 4mm., ¢ 1 mm.
Colour : In spirit yellowish-white.
Locality: Off Buffalo River, East London. 300 fathoms. 1 ¢
and ?. s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 24/4/01. (S.A.M. No. A2277.)
Host: Munida sancti-pauli Henderson. In the branchial cavity.
Gen. HEMIARTHRUS Giard & Bonn.
1843. Phryzus Rathke, Nova Acta Ac. Leop.-Carol, Naturae Curios,
p. 40.
430 Annals of the South African Museum.
1887. Henuiarthrus Giard & Bonnier (date quoted from Stebbing).
18938. or Stebbing, Hist. Crust. p. 417.
1898. Phryzus Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 2, p. 214.
HEMIARTHRUS NEMATOCARCINI Stebb.
1914. Hemiarthrus nematocarcini Stebbing, Ann. 8.A. Mus. vol. 15,
pt. 1, p. 47, fig.
The only further remarks necessary concerning this species is
that the pleon of the 9 is subacute and entire. This character
distinguishes the species easily from H. abdominalis (Kroyer).
Famity CYPRONISCIDAKE.
1889. Cyproniscidae Giard & JBonnier, Trav. Stat. Wimereux,
Bopyriens, p. 221.
GEN. CYPRONISCUS, Kossm.
1884. Cyproniscus Kossmann, SB. K. Ak. Wiss. Berlin, Hft. 22,
p. 460.
- Stebbing, S.A. Crust. pt. 2, p. 75.
CYPRONISCUS CROSSOPHORI Stebb.
1901. Cyproniscus crossophori Stebbing, Knowledge, vol. 24, p. 100.
1902. zh - id. Ue; p76, pl. Laws:
Three specimens of the host Crossophorus africanus Stebb., from
the “ Pieter Faure” collection, have been examined for this parasite.
In one 2 immature 2 9 and 3 larvae were found, in another 3 larvae,
and in the third 1 adult °.
The adult 9 is symmetrical, flat on the side apposed to the host,
convex on the outer side, anterior end narrower than the posterior,
shaped therefore like half a pear. About 10 segments are indicated by
shallow grooves. No attachment cord was found, the parasite appear-
ing to be quite free in the incubatory pouch of the host. Length:
6:25 mm.; breadth and depth: both 3 mm.
The immature 9 9 measure ca. 2 x 1:5 mm. and show indications
of 7-9 segments. Head with a rudimentary oral cone, and on each
side of this a short antenna-like process, which is constricted near the
end so as to appear 2-jointed, but there is no suture.
Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 431
The larvae range from 1-2:25 mm. in length and agree with Stebbing’s
description. The largest are probably functional ¢ 3.
All three hosts were females.
Locality: Lion’s Head SE. } E., distant 50 miles. 230 fathoms.
ladult ¢ ; South Head E. by 8.3 5S., distant 25 miles. 190 fathoms.
2 immature ° ? and 6 larvae. (Both localities off the Cape Penin-
sula.) s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 2/4/02 and 3/4/02. (S.A.M. Nos. A4165
and A4166.)
Famity CABIROPSIDAE.
1895. OCabiropsidae Giard & Bonnier, Bull. Sci. Fr. vol. 25, pp. 421,
441, 445.
As Stebbing has done in the case of the Cyproniscidae, I keep this
family separate for the sake of convenience, although Sars regards
it as a part of the Cryptoniscidae.
Gren. CLYPEONISCUS Giard & Bonn.
1895. Clypeoniscus Giard & Bonnier, Le. p. 444.
1899. = Sars, Crust. Norw. vol. 2, p. 239.
1905. Pe Richardson, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 54, p. 577.
Only two species of this genus are known: hanseni Giard & Bonn.
and meinerti Giard & Bonn., both from the North Atlantic and
infesting members of the family Idoteidae. Their specific distinctness
is doubtful.
Two larval specimens which may belong to this genus were found
on a specimen of Lanocira capensis (see supra, p. 354).
CLYPEONISCUS STENETRII Nn. Sp.
Body of @? irregularly oval, incised anteriorly and posteriorly,
lateral margins with irregular shallow indentations. Dorsal surface
moderately convex, the opaque area ovoid but indistinctly defined.
Ventral surface with a longitudinal slit extending from the anterior
to the posterior incisions, its margins with (so far as it was possible
to count them) 10 pairs of marginal folds. These do not appear to
be double or to interlock as is the case in meinertt.
A single ¢ was found attached to the same host, but is not in a
good enough state of preservation to allow of the characters of
antenna 1, side-plates and peraeopods being observed. The outer
ramus of uropod is much shorter than inner.
32
432 Annals of the South African Museum.
The structure of the embryos also could not be made out, and in
particular it was quite impossible to determine the presence or absence
of the ventral plate.
Nevertheless, there is no doubt that this is a species of Clypeoniscus
in view of the close agreement of the ? with hanseni. As to specific
distinctness, scarcely any character can be found except the (appa-
rently) singleness of the marginal folds on the brood-lamellae. Sars
doubts the specific distinctness of the two northern species. These
two forms were considered as belonging to two species by Giard &
Bonnier in conformity with their assumption that each species of host
is infested by its own particular species of parasite. This assumption
has been proved to have no foundation in fact, or at least to have
many exceptions.
I have instituted a new species for the South African specimens, not
in support of the above hypothesis, but in order to indicate the
occurrence of the genus on a member of a family different from that
on which the northern species are found.
Length: 8 -75mm., 2 2mm.; breadth: ? 1:5 mm.
Locality: Vasco da Gama Peak N. 71° E., distant 18 miles (off
Cape Peninsula). 230 fathoms. @ and @ attached separately to
the ventral surface of the same specimen of Stenetriwm dagama (see
supra, p. 399). s.s. “ Pieter Faure.” 4/5/00. (S.A.M. No. A4167.)
GEN. ET SP. INCERT.
(Text-figs. 1, 2.)
Attached to the ventral side of the peraeon of a ¢ specimen of
Ilychthonos capensis (supra, p. 415) were two minute spherical bodies.
They are both evidently 2? 2, but as no larve or ¢ ¢ were present
their systematic position is uncertain.
They bear some resemblance to Munnoniscus Giard & Bonnier 1895,
but this genus possesses no definite fixing apparatus. Oosaccus
Richardson (Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 54, p. 582, fig. 644) has no
attachment cord, but appears to have a kind of suction-disk composed
of a raised rim with 3 or 4 valvular flaps within.
The two specimens in question have the following structure, so far
as I have been able to elucidate it. Having only the.two specimens,
which, moreover, are not exactly alike, I have not resorted to section-
ing, but contented myself with mounting them whole in glycerine
jelly.
Both are spherical in shape, measuring *5 mm. in diameter. In the
one specimen (Fig. 1) there are two little contiguous conical processes,
Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 435
each bearing a small spine. The spines do not project parallel but
diverge outwards, so as to form an efficient fixing apparatus. The
interior is completely filled by an opaque mass in which no definite
elements can be distinguished. ‘There appears to be no trace of any
other structure.
On the other hand the second specimen (Fig. 2) shows no sign of the
Fia. 1. x 100. Trg.) 2:
two little conical processes, but is attached by means of a kind of
proboscis. This appears to be composed of 3 or 4 pieces, which are
enlarged at the base, end bluntly and form a closed cylindrical tube.
Around the base of this is a ring, the nature of which is difficult to
interpret, and below this are seen several strands which may be
muscles working the proboscis. The internal mass does not by any
means fill up the outer sac. It appears granular, and contains several
darker granular masses which are apparently ova. Just below the
proboscis are two ovoid structures.
(S.A.M. No, A4131.)
434 Annals of the South African Museum.
INDEX.
PAGE PAGE
A
acuta (Cymodoce) 5 : . 366 CRY PTONISCIDAE : : : 431
afinis (Cymodoce) ; j _ 366 Cyclordure, Stebb. : 5 . 3861
affinis (Ilyarachna) . ; . 418 | Cymodoce Leach . : : . 362
africana (Cassidias) . : . 875 | Cymodocella Pfeffer. . c 372
Agathotanais Hansen : . 331 | Cymothoa Fabr. . c , - 357
agulhensis (Apseudes) 4 . 822 CYMOTHOIDAE : ; é 357
angusta (Janira) ‘ ; . 404 | Cyproniscus Kossm. . : . 430
Anthura Leach . 2 : ool
ANTHURIDAR = 9.) 3) 2 9387 D
Antias Rich. . . ° . 319 dagama (Stenetrium) . : . 399
Apanthura Stebb. : . . 339 dalmeida (Stenetrium) é . 400
eae Pome 2% £¢ oh DESMOSOMIDAE . .~ . 410
4 : - 982L | destructor (Sphaeroma : . 3858
Arctopsis (n.g. Astacillidae) : 386 iain ee ) . AOL
Arcturella Sars. . ° . 389 dimeroceras (Haploniscus) . . 406
Arcturopsis . 389 | disjuncta (Gnathia) . : . 3834
Artopoles (Brnrd., n g. Sphaero- _. | Dolichochelia Stebb. . . . 331
ne Gags: : : 5 4 dubius (Leptochelia) . : . 332
ASTACILLIDAE : . . 384 E
australis (Apseudes) . : . 323
Bier are f ae ; EUBRANCHIATAE . ; . 3872
avicularia (Apseudes) 2 oul euelpis (Paratanais) . : "999
B Eugerda Mein. . : : . 410
Eurycope Sars. : : . 420
bacillopsis (Rhabdomesus) . 4138 Heeaiee Leach . ; ; . 819
bacillus (Astacilla) . : . 3886 | BURYDICIDAE ; L . 845
beddardi (Pseudomunnopsis) . 416 | Byanthura Brnrd. : j | 840
paces Nanas tubercu- a excavans (Cymodoce) . : Bian
ata var. ; : ‘ . 36
BOPYRIDAE . ; . 424 RF
borbonica (Cymothoa) : A as/ fili :
ee : A liformis (Exanthura) ; . 340
lovsenpiiae UNOS) ; - 396 | guviatilis (Cirolana) . : . 346
C furcifer (Zuzara) Z : . 361
fusiformis (Hurycope) 5 . 423
CABIROPSIDAE : : . 431
cancellata (Cymodocella) . . 372 G
capensis (Heterotanais) — . - 319 | Gnathia Leach . ; 4 ) 339
capensis (Ilychthonos) : . 415 | G@NATHIIDAE . ‘ 332
Gas aan) : : : ae Gnatholana (n.g. Eurydicidae) 352
Jassidias Rich. : . .
cavicola (Cymodoce) . : sa) Bi
Cilicaea Leach. ; , . 862 :
cingulata (Cirolana) . . - 850 a rase Sane ; ; 2
alauadbanen 345 | Haploniscus Rich. ‘ : . 406
Clypeoniscus.G. & B. . F . 431 ee ae na An. ‘ oe
concavifrons (Paramunna) . 409 : ; os
‘eke x Heterotanais Sars : : - ol9
Conilorpheus Stebb. . : . 851 h eetese ll 291
CORALLANIDAE | | 354 | hirsutus (Arcturella) . é
corniger (Arcturella) ; ; "991 | Holidotea (ng. Pseudidoteidae) 381
eranchii (Cirolana) — . : . 346 I
erassiceps (Ilyarachna) . . 419
crassimanus (Stenetrium) . . 404 | Ilyarachna, Sars : 418
crenulata (Pseudione) : . 427 | Tlychthonos (n.g. Desmosomidae) 4.14,
crossophori (Cyproniscus) . . 430 | ingolfi (Agathotanais) : . 331
cryptodoma (Cymodoce) . - 368 | Ischnosoma Bedd. : 2 . 418
Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 436
PAGE PAGE
J.
JAERIDAE ; 7 . _ 404 | Phryxus Rathke . : : . 429
Janira Leach : : : . 404 | plesionikae (Palaegyge) . » 425
japonica (Cymodoce) . ; _ 366 | Pseudanthura Rich. : . 3843
PSEUDIDOTEIDAE . ; . 938i
K Pseudione Kossm. : : . 426
Pseudomunnopsis Hansen . - 416
Kuphomunna Brnrd. . : . 409 | punctata (Paranthura) : . 843
pustulata (Arcturella) : . 394
L
Q
Lanocira Hansen : : . dbd4 . ,
lateralis (Pseudanthura) . . B44 qupdneies Burycope) : ee
latreillei (Cilicaea) . : . 3862 R
Leptochelia Dana : ° - 831 | paynaudii (Livoneca) . : . 358
ie ae ( eae aya ie eet ee ee Rich. es 415
ineata (Arcturella) . . ° d2 , ne K
linguicauda (Anthura) : . 338 ea Gee ac) ae
littoralis (Cirolana) . 2 . 3846 S
Livoneca Leach . : - 897 | saldanha (Stenetrium ; 403
longipes (Arcturella) . : es3315) savignyi (restecheliay ; _ 339
scutifrons (Conilorpheus) . . 351
M serricauda (Apanthura) . . 339
Macrostylis Sars . : : . 411 | setosa (Astacilla) : . . 319
malleolus (Sphyrapus) : . 328 | Sphaeroma Bosc . . . - 358
mandibularis (Gnatholana) . 352 | SPHAEROMIDAE . . . 3858
mediterranea (Astacilla) . . 888 | SphyrapusN.& 8... . . 328
meinerti (Cirolana) . : . 848 | Spiniceps (Macrostylis) — . - 411
Mesostenus Sars . . ’ . 418 | spongicola (Gnathia) . . . 3832
Microniscus Miller. 319 | Stenetrii (Clypeoniscus) . . 431
minor (Gnathia spongicola var. ) 334 | STENETRIIDAE é 5 BOE
munidae (Pseudione) . A . 426 | Stenetrium Hasw. . . =o cysts
MUNNIDAE ; . 5 _ 408 | sulcifrons (Eurycope) ; . 421
MUNNOPSIDAE : : . 416
Munnopsoides Tatters . : . 416 T
TANAIDAE 2 : 6 B49)
N terebrans (Sphaer oma) : . 3858
tetrathele (Cymodoce) : . 3869
natalensis (Cymodoce japonica Trichapseudes (ng. Apseudi-
var.) ; . 366 diae) F . 325
natalensis (Eurydice) : . 319 | tridens (Trichapseudes) : 825
natalis (Artopoles) . . 877 | tripartita (Cymodoce tubercu-
nematocarcini (Hemiarthrus) . 4380 losa var.) J . 363
Neoarcturus Brnrd. . . 897 | tuberculosa (Cymodoce) : . 363
novae-zealandiae (Livonec a) . 358 “i
O uncinatus (Antias) . a Guill’)
ornatus (Arcturella) . . . 391 | UNrCormS (Holidotea). . . 382
ornatus (Microniscus ) : 5 lly, Vv
oudops (Neoarcturus) . : S ey VALVIFERA - a8
Vana Mein. . : : . 411
le vastator (Sphaeroma) . : . °358
PalaegygeG. & B.. ; . 424 | vicina (Cirolana). ; : . 846
palifrons (Cirolana) . : . 3849
papillosa (Paragigantione) 4.28 WwW
Paragigantione (n.g. Bopyadse) 428 | walkeri (Sphaeroma) . ; . 3860
Paramunna Sars. : . 408 :
Paranthura Bate & Westw. . 343 Z
Paratanais Dana, . . «. 829! ZuzaraLeach . . . . 360
436 Annals of the South African Museum.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
Puate XV.
. Apseudes agulhensis n. sp. Animal enlarged 17 times, peraeopods and uro-
pods omitted.
: australis n. sp. Animal enlarged 10 times, peraeopods and uropods
omitted.
. Trichapseudes tridens n. g. et sp. Animal enlarged 7 times, peraeopods
and uropods omitted.
” 9 6p Mandible.
» 9 30 Maxilliped.
» 93 Peraeopod 1.
” ” o Exopod of peraeopod 1.
9 9 i Exopod of peraeopod 2.
. Gnathia spongicola n. sp. Animal enlarged 7 times, antennae and peraeo-
pods omitted.
AS disjuncta n. sp. Animal enlarged 11 times, antennae and
peraeopods omitted.
. Apanthura serricauda n. sp. Maxilliped with apical joint further enlarged.
5 +5 AS Telson.
. Pseudanthura lateralis Rich. Telson and right uropod from above.
3 3 ~ Antenna 1.
Be 55 3 Peraeopod 1.
ee 3 ee Maxilliped.
. Cirolana littoralis n. sp. Frontal lamina,
ss meinerti n. sp. Frontal lamina.
“A fluviatilis Stebb. Frontal lamina.
. palifrons n. sp. Animal enlarged 5 times, peraeopods omitted.
“ a a Frontal lamina.
3 cingulata n.sp. Animal enlarged 5 times, peraeopods omitted.
_ os % Frontal lamina.
.. Gnatholana mandibularis n.g. et sp. Animal enlarged 6 times, peraeopods
omitted. :
3 33 9 Mandible.
. Zuzara furcifer n. sp. Peraeon segment 7, pleon, telson and right uropod.
” ” ip Epistome.
. Cymodoce tuberculosa Stebb. var. tripartita Rich, Pleon and telson with
uropods, ¢, sete
omitted.
PuaTE XVI.
Cymodoce japonica Rich var. natalensis n. Pleon and telson with uropods,
3, sete omitted.
~ “A i a The same, 2.
bi tetrathele n. sp. Pleonand telson with uropods, g, setae omitted,
3 cavicola n. sp. Pleon and telson with uropods, ¢.
” ” ” The same, 2) ‘
Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 487
3)
33
3)
. Cymodoce cryptodoma n. sp. Pleon and telson with uropods, g, setae
omitted.
+3 s The same, 2.
excavans n. sp. Pleon and telson with uropods, ¢, setae omitted.
5 3 The same, 9.
Cymodocella cancellata n. sp. Animal enlarged 7 times, peraeopods omitted.
”
3?
33
3
3)
3?
Lateral view of peraeon segments 5-7, pleon
and telson.
cs Fp Male stylet on pleopod 2.
2 » Epistome.
Male appendages on peraeon segment 7.
” ”
. Cassidias africana n.sp. Pleon and telson with uropods, ¢, dorsal view.
The same in lateral view.
53 i The same, 9, dorsal view.
. Holidotea unicornis n.g.et sp. ¢ enlarged 6 times, antennae and peraeo-
pods omitted.
2 enlarged 5 times.
Head process of ¢ further enlarged, in
dorsal and lateral views.
a os Pleopod 1, 2.
Pleopod 1, g, and male appendage.
Peraeopod 1.
Arcturella pustulata n. sp. 2 enlarged 5 times, antennae and peraeopods
3?
33
33
23
”)
omitted.
longipesn.sp. enlarged 43 times, only the left peraeopod 4
drawn in.
- Fr $ enlarged 43 times, antennae and peraeopods
omitted.
brevipesn.sp. 2 enlarged 45 times, only the right peraeopod 4
drawn in.
. Stenetrium dagama n.sp. Peraeopod 1, ¢.
Pe - Pleopod 1, 3.
diazi nu. sp. Peraeopod 1, ¢.
a 3 Peraeopod 1, 2.
a x Pleopod 1, ¢.
saldanha n. sp. Peraeopod 1, ¢.
Pleopod 1, ¢.
3? a2)
Puatrt XVII.
Janira angusta n. sp. Animal enlarged 14 times, peraeopods omitted.
3
3
Peraeopod 1, ¢.
Pleopod 1, ¢.
+, +>
+”? +>
Haploniscus dimeroceras n. sp. & enlarged 15 times.
Pleopod 1, ¢.
as 3 Pleopod 2, ¢.
» % Antenna 2, ¢.
438 Annals of the South African Museum.
29.
. Paramunna concavifrons n. sp. Peraeopod 1.
. Macrostylis spiniceps n. sp. Animal enlarged 13 times, with antenna 1, but
without peraeopods.
Pe 35 AA Pleopod 1, ¢ with apex further enlarged.
* as x Pleopod 2, 2.
. Rhabdomesus bacillopsis n. sp. Animal enlarged 10 times, with antenna 2
and peraeopods, as far as preserved,
drawn in.
. Ilychthonos capensis n. g. et sp. Animal enlarged 8 times, antenna 2 and
peraeopods omitted.
oF a 33 Pleopod 2, ¢.
3 5 Pleopod 1, ¢.
. Pseudomunnopsis beddardi (Tatt.). Pleopod 2, ¢.
Pleopod 1, ¢, with apex further enlarged.
39 3) bb]
. Eurycope fusiformis n. sp. Animal enlarged 10 times, antenna 2 and
peraeopods omitted.
Ps quadrata n. sp. Pleopod 2, 2.
a ee es Pleopod 1, g.
sulcifrons n. sp. Pleopod 1, @.
Pleopod 2, 2.
29
9 39 3?
. Palaegyge plesionikae n. sp. § enlarged 3 times, dorsal view.
g enlarged 14 times, ventral view, peraeopods
omitted.
33 > 33
. Pseudione munidae n. sp. & enlarged 34 times, dorsal view.
g enlarged 113 times, ventral view, peraeopods
omitted.
Paragigantione papillosa n. g. et sp. 2 enlarged 5} times, dorsal view, with
terminal pleon segment and uro-
pods further enlarged.
g enlarged 14 times, ventral view,
with terminal pleon segment and
uropods further enlarged, perae-
opods omitted.
39 33 ”
Annas. Acre. Mus. Vol. XVII.
K.F1.B. del. 7 _ Adlard & Son & Wi INg5 ete Tipr
SOUTH AFRICAN ISOPODA.
Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII PL. XVI.
Vm
ee
|
Adlard & Son & W. N., Lid., i,
SOUTH AFRICAN ISOPODA.
PE. SV DE.
AVIT.
Anne S: Afr.
Mus. Vol.
KALB. dele
SOUTH AFRICAN ISOPODA.
( 439 )
12.—Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. II—On
Some New South African Spiders of the Families Barychelidae,
Dipluridae, Eresidae, Zodariidae, Heracliidae, Urocteidae,
Clubionidae.—By R. W. E. Tucxsr, B.A., Assistant.
(With Plates XXVIII and XXIX.)
Famiry CTENIZIDAE.
Gen. IDIOPS, Perty.
Ip1ops puLuus, Tucker.
T. pullus, Tucker in Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 17, 1917, p. 88, text-figs.
2a and B.
In the original description the following amendments should be
made :
Carapace.—Equal to or slightly exceeding in length metatarsi I
and IV.
Eyes.—Anterior medians large, circular, and less than a diameter
from each other. Anterior laterals about 14-2 diameters from the
anterior medians.
Tarsi.—Tarsus I with a few fine spinules down the centre.
An additional specimen of this species is now to hand from
Kimberley. 1 ¢ (B. 4185) (Bro. J. H. Power).
This specimen is larger than the type, and presents the following
variations; the palp, tibia I and the majority of other characters,
however, are identical with the type.
Colowr.—Carapace brownish-red ; abdomen black dorsally, legs
reddish distally.
Carapace.—Bearing more conspicuous setose hairs than in the type.
Length equal to metatarsus IV, but subequal to metatarsus and to >
the tarsus of the Ist leg.
Chelicera.—With 5 teeth on each side of the groove.
Legs.—Metatarsus I with 2 spmes down the inner side. Spinules
on patella III scanty and scarcely distinguishable from the stouter
hairs. Spinules on patella TV confined to 3 or 4 at the base of the
anterior band of bristles.
30
44.0 Annals of the South African Museum.
Measurements.—Length of carapace 7 mm.; width 6:1 mm.; cheli-
cera to end of abdomen, 17 mm.; Ist leg 27 mm., 4th leg 26 mm.
long.
These differences again illustrate the amount of variation in size
and spination, ete., according to the locality of the specimen.
Famity BARYCHELIDAE.
Gen. DIPLOTHELE, Cambr.
DIPLOTHELE MACEQUECE, N. sp.
Specimens.—1 9 (No. B 2648, Type), from forest on Vengo Mts.,
Macequece, Portug. E. Africa (Major Conolly, 10/16).
Colour.—Darker than D. arcturus, Tucker (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol.
17, p. 118, 1917) ; carapace dark brown with radiate infuscations and
sparse scattered hairs; abdomen dark above, no spots being apparent
in its wrinkled condition ; ventral surface slightly lighter. Sternum
and coxe medium golden brown; legs dark brown with olivaceous
infusecations.
Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of Ist
leg, and subequal to patella, tibia and metatarsus of 2nd leg (in
arcturus, length equals patella, tibia, and = metatarsus of 2nd leg) ;
4th legs missing. Fovea well marked, straight, and nearly as wide as
the ocular tubercle. Ocular area much wider than long.
Hyes.—Anterior laterals situated on anterior edge of carapace and
separated by more than their own long diameter; equal or subequal
in area to the anterior medians; the latter less than a diameter
apart, and about a diameter behind the anterior laterals. Posterior
laterals long, oval and slightly smaller than the anterior laterals ;
posterior medians small and nearly touching both anterior medians
and posterior laterals.
Sternwm.—Longer than broad (breadth slightly exceeds # length).
Sigilla as in arcturus.
Labiwm.—Not quite twice as wide as long and bearing 1-2 teeth.
Coxae of pedipalps with 8-12 teeth,
Chelicera.—Bearing no rastellum; bristles weaker than arcturus,
dentition similar.
Legs.—Auterior tarsi with no clavate hairs on upper surface. Setal
band on tarsi very faint. Metatarsus II with 1 strong spine on under
surface basally. Other legs missing.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 44.1
Pedipalps.—Scopula of tarsus divided by a weak line of setae ;
tibia with 2 weak apical spines on under surface.
Vulval plate with a pair of round dark marks showing near posterior
hp centrally.
Measurements.—Chelicera to end of abdomen 18°5 mm. Carapace
6 mm. long, 5 mm. wide.
A small subadult @ from the same locality appears to bea different
species from the above.
Famity DIPLURIDAE.
The specimens identified by Dr. Purcell in Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 3,
p. 106, 1903, should not have been referred to T'helechoris as defined
in Hist. Nat. des Araign., p. 187, since on examination the type
specimen of 7. australis, Pure., does not agree with the description
of that genus. Hence my conclusion (Ann. S. Afr. Mus., vol. 17,
p. 119, 1917), based on the type ? of australis, that the ¢ of this
species of Thelechoris proved that Thelechoris was not synonymous
with Ischnothele, is no longer valid. Thelechoris and Ischnothele
are synonymous, as stated by Simon. Neither are the specimens
in question referable to Evagrus, from which genus they appreciably
differ. Hewitt poimts out (Ann. Durb. Mus., vol. 1, pp. 182-3)
that Evagrus caffer, Poc., and T. australis, Pure., undoubtedly belong
to the same genus, which is not Hvagrus and cannot be Ischnothele
(Thelechoris) ; hence, as he suggests, it is advisable to create a new
genus, for which I propose the name Allothele.
The principal differences between Hvagrus and Allothele are that in
Evagrus (following Ausserer’s description) the spinners are shorter
than the abdomen; the Ist and 2nd pairs of legs are stouter in build
than the remainder ; tibia I is swollen and armed below and partly
also on the inside with numerous very strong long spines; tibia IT
is short and very thick with a projecting tubercle on the inside, on
the end of which are 3 very long spines ; also numerous shorter spines
on saddle-shaped depression, on the outside; metatarsus IIT has two
projecting tubercles below, the larger on the inside, in the upper
quarter, the smaller outside in the upper third; from both there runs
a sharp keel down the length of the metatarsus.
These and other characters distinguish Hvagrus from the following:
Gen. ALLOTHELE, n. gen.
Cephalothorax moderately convex, one-fifth longer than broad ;
fovea slightly recurved. Ocular tubercle at least twice as broad as
442 Annals of the South African Museum.
long in ?; anterior lateral eyes a short diameter from the anterior
border of the carapace. Anterior row of eyes strongly procurved,.
medians round and smaller than the oval laterals. Posterior row
practically straight ; medians smaller than the anterior medians, long
oval, and touching the laterals, which are considerably larger, but
themselves a little smaller than, and narrowly separated from, the
anterior laterals. Sternum slightly longer than broad; labium less
than twice as broad as long, rounded apically and muticous. Chelicera
with teeth on inner border only. Legs moderately long and robust ;
tibiae of Ist two pairs not thickened in 2? and only slightly in 2nd
legs of 6; order of legs in ¢ 4,3,2,1,in 2 4,3,1,2. Tarsi not
scopulate, claws with a single row of 5-7 teeth in ¢ and 8-10 in the
Q. Abdomen dark, without stripes or lighter marking as in Ischno-
thele. Superior spinners keeled on the under surface ; longer than
the abdomen, considerably longer than the carapace, and resembling
those of Ischnothele. Tarsus of ¢ palp short; palpal organ puiri-
form, elongate, curved, and reaching beyond the tibia. First leg
normal; 2nd leg bearing on the under surface of the tibia a median
projection curving upwards and armed with 2-3 teeth ; tibia consider-
ably longer than broad; metatarsus bearing a small sub-basal tubercle,
armed on the side or base with a stout spine.
On examination of the types of EH. caffer, Poc., and JT. australis,
Purc., they appear to be identical and to belong to the genus Allothele.
Thus the specimens referred by me in Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 17,
p. 120, to 7. australis, now become Allothele caffer.
The 9 2 unfortunately appear to lack clearly defined specific
characters, and in the absence of the ¢ ¢ cannot with certainty be
separated into species ; size and markings vary to a certain extent,
but the relative proportions do not vary sufficiently or with the neces-
sary constancy to be specific. The eyes also vary, but only the ? 9
from Cookhouse (B 2402) seem at all distinct; in these specimens
the median eyes are very small, also the abdomen is flecked (in alcohol)
with numerous lighter spots; provisionally they are classed as A.
australis, though with the advent of the @ they will most probably
prove to be a distinct species.
The following species could only be separated from A. australis on
the ¢ characters.
ALLOTHELE TERETIS, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, figs. 1 a—c).
Specimens.—1 ¢, 2 2 2, and 2 juv. (4021, Types), M’fongosi,
Zululand (W. E. Jones, 2/18).
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 443
9. Colowr,—Carapace medium to dark brown, with darker border
and mottling; legs similar in colour; abdomen unrelieved purple-
black on the dorsal surface; spinners lighter, each segment dark
rimmed apically ; under surface slightly lighter.
Carapace—Equal to tibia, metatarsus and 3-2 tarsus I, and to
metatarsus and tarsus IV. Radiating stria from transverse fovea
moderately deep.
Eyes.—Anterior row procurved so that a line tangential to the bases
of the medians would barely cut the upper borders of the laterals.
Medians small, round, about 2 of a diameter apart, shehtly nearer to
the laterals, which are large, and broadly oval. Posterior medians
small, long oval and touching the laterals, which are smaller than the
anterior laterals and close to them. Anterior eyes about 3} a short
diameter from the anterior border of the carapace.
Chelicera.—Bearing 9-11 large and small teeth on the inner border
of the groove; base of the groove furnished with about 20 denticles
irregularly placed.
Sternum.—Bearing 3 faint sigilla, opposite coxa I, and approxi-
mately opposite the junctions of coxae 2 and 8 and 3 and 4 respectively,
Legs.—Tarsi and metatarsi without scopulae. Tarsal claws long
and bearing a single row of about 10 teeth which become smaller and
denser basally ; the small lower tarsal claw is also toothed. Anterior
tarsi with 1 or 2, and posterior tarsi with 3 or 4 spines; legs other-
wise bearing long spines and long stout hairs. Order of legs 4, 3, 1, 2,
the difference in length between 1 and 2 being slight.
Spinners.—Longer than the abdomen and considerably longer than
the carapace; keeled on the under surface ; the under surface is also
flecked with white spots, in the centre of each of which is a spigot.
Measurements ——Carapace 4°9 mm. long, 3°99 mm. wide. Abdomen
5°7 mm. in length, spinners 6°5 mm.
S$. Colowr.—Slightly lighter than the 9°.
Carapace.—As long as metatarsus IV, and equal to metatarsus and
tarsus 1. Cf. australis.
Eyes.—As in @? save that the anterior medians are a little nearer to
each other than to the laterals; the latter are also nearly their short
diameter from the anterior margin of the carapace.
Chelicera.—Inner border with 11 large and small teeth; base of
groove with a line of 5 denticles and a number of minute spinules.
Sternum.—With 8 sigilla.
Legs.—In order 4, 3, 2, 1; the difference between 2 and 3 is slight.
Tarsi not scopulate, but bearing spines ; metatarsi and tibiae heavily
spined. First leg normal; metatarsus and tibia of 2nd leg as in
444. Annals of the South African Museum.
Plate XXVIII, fig. 1c; tibial projection lower down than in australis
and bearing 2 teeth only.
Pedipalps.—Tibia, tarsus and palpal organ as in figs. 1 a and B.
Palpal organ longer and more slender than in australis.
Spinners.—Mutilated.
Measurements.—Length of carapace 3:7 mm.; total length 8°5 mm.
Length of 4th leg 12-9 mm., 5rd leg 11 mm., 1st leg 10 mm.
Gren. ISCHNOTHELE, Auss.
IscHNOTHELE CASSETTI, Nl. Sp.
Specimens.—One ? (B 4666, Type), Pemba, N. Rhodesia (Fr.
Cassett, 8/19).
Colour.—Carapace dull brown, lighter laterally and posteriorly ;
legs lighter brown than the carapace; abdomen dull black, dorsal
surface with about 4 inconspicuous patches of white hair; sternum,
coxae, etc., medium brown.
Carapace.—As broad as long; length equal to tibia, metatarsus
and 2 tarsus I, and to metatarsus and } tarsus IV; fovea slightly
procurved at the bottom.
Hyes.—Anterior medians round, a radius apart and more from the
laterals ; laterals close to the anterior border of the carapace, long,
oval and equal or subequal in area to the medians. Posterior row
straight to procurved; medians small and flat, almost touching the
laterals, which are smaller than the anterior laterals.
Labium.—At least twice as broad as long; apex with a very few
minute pale denticles.
Mazillae.—With an area of sharp denticles stretching along the
anterior portion from the base to 2 of the length.
Sternum.—As long as broad, and with 3 distinct sigilla on each
side.
Chelicera.—Outer margin with 8 teeth and 4 smaller ones basally on
the inside of the row of 8; also 1 small tooth more towards the centre
of the groove; inner row with 6 large teeth.
Spinners.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and { tarsus LV.
Legs.—In order 4, 3, 2, 1; clothed with long hairs, bristles, and
moderately well spined ; tarsi not scopulate, but bearing bristles and
fine spines, which are stouter on the posterior legs.
Measurements.—Length and breadth of carapace 6 mm. ; total
length (carapace and abdomen) 15 mm.; spinners 10 mm.; legs 18;
15°7, 14. 13-s emma
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 445
Faminy HRESIDAK.
Gen. ERESUS, Walck.
ERESUS PURCELLI, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. it)
Specimens.—One 9 (No. B 2435, Type), E. London (Dr. W. F.
Purcell, 9/05).
Colour.—Cephalothorax almost black, becoming redder posteriorly,
and with a light border above the pedicel; chelicera black, legs
reddish-brown in colour, posterior ones slightly lighter, anterior ones
darker distally. Abdomen dull testaceous in colour, and with short
scanty hairs only; no white rings round dorsal stigmata; under
surface infuscated around spinners. Sternum dark red brown, coxae
and under surface of legs slightly lighter.
Cephalothorax.—Surface clothed with appressed dark ‘hairs ; punc-
tate, but not spined. Length equal to patella, tibia and metatarsus of
Ist leg, and very slightly exceeding tibia, metatarsus and tarsus ;
width equal to patella and tibia, and slightly exceeding metatarsus
and tarsus of Ist leg; also reaches from fovea to hind margin of
posterior median eyes. Cephalic portion raised, but not abruptly,
above thoracic portion, both being approximately equal in width.
Eyes.—Posterior medians large; about 1; diameters apart, and
about 2 diameters from the anterior laterals ; otherwise as in H. nama-
quensis (Pure.).
Sternum and chelicera spineless.
Legs.—Without spines on coxae or femora, or on patellae of anterior
legs, but clothed with long hairs as in EL. namaquensis.
Pedipalps.—With some long bristle-like spines on inner and under
surfaces of tarsus ; otherwise spineless.
Vulva.—As in Plate XXIX, fig. 1.
Measurements.—Total length 17°5 mm. long. Carapace 6 mm. long
and 4mm. wide. Though only one specimen is available for descrip-
tion, the species has been founded since the lack of spines on the
under surface of femora, coxae, etc., of Ist two pairs of legs, and from
the sternum and carapace is apparently unusual in the 8. African
species of this genus.
ERESUS DEPRESSUS, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 2 a—s).
Specimens.—Numerous ¢? 9 from Hanover and _ neighbouring
localities (Types, No. 12852). Collected by Mr. 8. C. Cronwright
446 Annals of the South African Museum.
Schreiner ( 2 Sept. to Jan., Cocoon in Dec.) Also 2 ¢ ¢ from the
same locality.
The @ of this species was named but no description published by
Purcell.
Colowr.—Carapace red-black, clothed with dark hairs with a some-
what rufous sheen ; chelicera reddish-black, legs slightly browner than
carapace, and similarly clothed; posterior legs slightly lighter; anterior
legs darken and become redder distally. Abdomen dull to infuscated
testaceous sometimes, slightly mottled with lighter spots; dorsal
stigmata white-ringed. Upper surface clothed with blackish and white
hairs; the latter, as in HL. fumosus, forming a number of white spots
on dorsal surface and short lines on lateral surfaces. Sternum, coxae,
etc., dark to medium brown.
Cephalothorax.—Comparatively flat (fig. 2B) and slopes gradually
to posterior border, with no abrupt grade between cephalic and thoracic
portions as in H. fuwmosus. Thoracic portion only very slightly wider
than cephalic portion, latter not spined, even at anterior sides, but
furnished with stout bristles, often short or broken, and having a
spinose appearance. Length of carapace subequal to patella, tibia and
metatarsus, and equal to or barely exceeding tibia, metatarsus and
tarsus of Ist leg. Width slightly less than from fovea to hind margins
of posterior median eyes, and equal to tibia and } metatarsus and to
patella and tibia of Ist leg.
Hyes.— Posterior medians of medium size, and 14—2 diameters apart
(sometimes only 1 diameter apart or more than 2), and much less
than 3 diameters from anterior laterals ; anterior medians with their
centres about on a line joining the anterior borders of the posterior
median eyes.
Sternum and coxae without spinules and clothed with moderately
long hairs.
Legs.—Femora of Ist and 2nd legs with numerous fairly long
spinules on under surface as well as long hairs; 3rd and 4th femora
with a clothing of long hairs but no spinules below. Patellae of
anterior legs without spinules.
Pedipalps—With long fine spines distally on imner and under
surface of tarsus and on inner side of tibia; femur with some long
and short bristles on the under surface, but with no spinules.
7ulva as in Plate XXIX, fig. 24. Dark inner portion of lateral
depression larger than in specimen depicted.
Measurements.—Total length 15 mm.; carapace 5°5 mm. long and
34 mm. wide (ratio of length to width usually about 16:1; in fumosus
it is generally 1:4: 1).
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 447
Specimens.—1 g (No. 14479), Poortjesfontein, Hanover (Master
Neser, 1905). 1 ¢ (No. 9463), Hanover (8. C. Schreiner, 10/01).
3. Colour.—Carapace orange-red ; legs and palp yellowish-brown,
anterior legs very slightly darker distally. Abdomen infuscated dull
testaceous, darker on under surface. Sternum dark brown, coxae and
under sides of legs pale brown. Legs and abdomen clothed with
yellowish hairs, with whitish ones intermingled.
Carapace.—Cephalic portion very slightly raised, but not more so
than thoracic portion (in specimen from Poortjesfontein the cephalic
portion appears lower, and is separated from the thoracic by a faint
line across the fovea); both clothed with scanty whitish hairs, those
immediately anterior to fovea being yellowish in colour. Proportion
of carapace to legs as in H. fumosus.
Hyes.—Posterior medians 2 diameters from each other and from
anterior laterals; centres of anterior medians slightly below the lne
joining anterior borders of posterior median eyes; otherwise as in
fumosus.
Sternum, legs, ete., without spinules.
Legs.—Metatarsus I without spines at apex on under surface ;
metatarsus IT with 1-2,and metatarsi III and IV with about 2 spines
apically on under surface.
Pedipalps.—As in E. fumosus (Plate XXIX, fig. 3), save that in the
Poortjesfontein specimen, seen from below, the internal outer side of
the palpal organ appears swollen and crowded into the inner side; in
the Hanover specimen the portion “a,” which in the former is crowded
into the top right-hand corner, is scarcely visible at all, but, as in the
former also, the portion ‘‘b”’ appears enlarged over the lower surface.
Measurements.—Total length 5°5 mm.; carapace 2°8 mm. long and
1:7 mm. wide. No. 14479 was slightly larger, being 6-5 mm. long
and 2°9 and 1:8 mm. in carapace.
ERESUS ECHINATUS, Pure.
1908. Eresus echinatus, Purcell in Schultzes Reise, Zool. Bd. 1,
Denksch. med.-natur. Gesell. vol. 18, 2, p. 223, Jena.
Specimens.—l1 2 (No. 14426), from Namaqualand (G. Alston, 1905).
This example, though much larger than that described by Dr.
Purcell, agrees with the type-specimen and description, with the
following shght differences: Width of cephalothorax equal to tibia
and metatarsus, and to patella, tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg; also
reaches from fovea to a point half an eye’s diameter from the posterior
median eyes. The latter are nearly 2 diameters apart, and at least
or over 5 diameters froin the anterior laterals.
4.48 Annals of the South African Museum.
Measurements.—Total length 21 mm.; leneth of cephalothorax
10 mm., width 7 mm. A @ specimen (No. 14666) from Pokwani,
though sub-adult, seems referable to this species. The species is also
recorded from Kimberley.
Eresvus Fumosvs, Koch (Plate XXIX, figs. 3 and 2c).
1887-9. E. fumosus, C. Koch, Arach. vol. 4, p. 100, f. 314. Type 9.
1864. Hresus (Eresa) fumosa, Simon, Hist. Nat. Araign. p. 300. 9.
1865. EH. bubo, L. Koch, Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien, Bd. 15, p. 878. 9.
1907. HE. fumosus, Strand, Zool. Jahrb. Jena. Abt. F. Syst. vol. 5, 25,
p. 564. 9.
1908. EF. fumosus, Purcell in Schultzes Reise, Zool. Bd. 1, 9. Jena.
Denkschr. Med. Ges. v, 13, p, 222.
Specimens.— g (No. B 1600) from Naauwpoort, near Hanover (Dr.
W. F. Purcell, 10/05).
Colour.—Carapace dark, black-red; legs and palp slightly lighter
and browner. Abdomen infuscated testaceous, slightly darker on
under surface and sparsely covered with short whitish hairs and
longer darker ones; dorsal sigilla white ringed, and posterior to
sigilla are 4-5 light oblique markings sloping down from central
line. Sternum, coxae, etc., dark brown; legs covered with pale hairs
having a whitish sheen.
Carapace.—Well but not abruptly arched anterior to fovea (ef.
Plate XXIX, fig. 2c, 9); also slightly arched posterior to fovea, thus
leaving a more level, fan-shaped area on each side from fovea to border.
Surface finely granular and covered in centre with dull olivaceous
hairs, which become lighter and whiter anteriorly on ocular area, and
posteriorly to fovea ; apparently with no spines but with some short
stout bristles. Carapace equal in length to patella, tibia and 3 of
metatarsus, and subequal to tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg; also
equal to tibia, metatarsus and } tarsus of 4th leg. Width equal to
distance from fovea to hind margins of posterior median eyes, and
equal to metatarsus and 2 of the tarsus, and to patella and ¢, or
slightly more, of tibia of first leg. Thoracic portion broader than
cephalic.
Eyes.—Posterior medians about 12 diameters apart, and about 2
diameters from anterior laterals. Centres of anterior medians on or
slightly below a line joining lower margins of posterior median eyes ;
posterior laterals slightly nearer together than anterior laterals.
Ocular area not quite 3 times as wide as long.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 449
Sternum and coxae of legs spineless, but former with stiff bristles
anteriorly.
Legs.—Femora and patellae of anterior legs spineless but clothed
with moderately long stiffish hairs (often the criss-crossing of hairs.
at their bases produces the appearance of short spinules mixed with
them). Metatarsi with a few apical spines on under surface; Ist leg
with 1-3, 2nd and 4th with 4-6, and 3rd with 7-8. Dorsal claws on
4th leg with 7-8 teeth in a single row, basally ; distal ones long, basal
ones short and fine.
Pedipalps.—Palpal organ as in fig. 3; resembling a coiled spring
in appearance, the terminal hair-like process of which is apparently
inserted round the hollow interior of the crescent-shaped projection
shown in the diagram of palp, and is often found subsequently coiled
round in the interior vaginal convolution of the ? vulva, and with
the broken end projecting exteriorly.
Abdomen. With two small oval plates above genital aperture.
Measurements.—Leneth 10°6 mm.; carapace 5 mm. long, and
3°l1 mm. wide.
It may be noticed that at Hanover two species of Eresidae are
found, namely E. fumosus and EH. depressus; the latter is distinct
in size, disposition of spinules, and to a slight extent is lighter in
colour, and has the cephalic region of the carapace much _ less
prominently raised than in fumosus.
Several ¢ ¢ also from Hanover show rather less distinctive
features than the 9 9; there are no spinules, and, as in the ? ?,
the proportion of the carapace to the legs and the appearance of
the sexual organs are much the same. As however the two forms,
namely, large and dark and with arched cephalic region on carapace,.
and small, light, and with flattened carapace, are present in the
foo as in the @ 9, the first-mentioned forms have been assumed
to be fumosus and the latter depressus; in the latter case there is also
a very slight difference in the palpal organ.
Although the two species are distinct around Hanover, what are
apparently intermediate forms occur elsewhere, as at Graaff Reinet
(No. 12571, 6, 2 and juv.).
Around the Cape districts specimens resembling EF. echinatus occur,
but differ in colour in that the upper surfaces of the legs, especially
patellae and tibiae, are paler than the under surfaces, and in some
cases are even light yellow in colour; these may be newly moulted
and insufficiently hardened specimens, although adult. The same
may be the case with a ¢ from the Cape Province (no exact locality)
which has soft pale legs—anterior tarsi and metatarsi hardened and.
4.50 Annals of the South African Museum.
darkened—and which may belong to these 2 2 but has no differences
from EF. fumosus, apart from colour.
It may be that the Cape specimens form a species of their own,
but the differences from H. fumosus and EL. echinatus are comparatively
shght, and the variations which occur in the specimens make it
advisable to leave their identity an open question.
A fg (No. 1207) from Bergvliet, Cape Flats, has the palpal organ
exactly as in fumosus, but the cephalic portion of the carapace not so
much raised (thus resembling depressus), and is as indecisive as the
Graaff Reinet specimen.
Key to Species.
The South African Hresidae adequately described can be identified
as follows:
I. Spinules on sternum, coxae, and femora of anterior legs, and on sides
of carapace.
(a.) Sternum thickly covered with minute, sharp spinules; coxae
and femora I and II densely spinulose; coxae and femur III
slightly less so. Patellae I and II densely but shortly
spinulose on anterior side.
(a/.) Large, dark in colour, and with cephalic portion of carapace
well raised above thoracic : : . E. fumosus.
(b.) Sternum with a few scattered spinules anteriorly, and hairs
thickening at base anteriorly. Coxae I and II with a few
appressed spinules on anterior and posterior surfaces ; femora
I and II thickly covered below with spinules, III less so.
Patellae without spinules.
(b’.) Medium size, dark in colour, and with cephalic portion of
carapace well raised above thoracic : . E. echinatus.
(c.) Sternum with no spinules, but with hairs thickening slightly
at base anteriorly ; no spinules on coxae, patellae, or carapace ;
spinules and long hairs on femora I and II, long hairs only
on III.
(c’.) Medium size, moderately light in colour, and with cephalic
portion of carapace only slightly and gradually raised above
thoracic . ; : : ‘ . E. depressus.
II. No spinules on sternum, legs, or carapace.
(a.) Carapace less than tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg;
cephalic portion depressed, flattened, scarcely raised above
thoracic portion, and narrower than latter E. namaquensis.
(b.) Carapace slightly exceeding tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of
Ist leg; cephalic portion raised, but not abruptly, above
thoracic portion, and both approximately equal in width
E. purcelli.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 45H
Gren. ADONEA, Sm.
ADONEA VARIEGATA, Pure.
1904. Adonea variegata, Pure. Tr. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. oy Lads 2.
1908. Es X ,» in L. Sehultzes Reise, Zool. Bd. 1,
Jena. Denkschr. med.-natur. Gesell.
VOL Md. pa Ags o%.
Specimens.— ? (No. B 2075) from Voigtsgrund, and 2 sub-adult
@ 2 (No. B 2058) from Ababis, S.W. Africa (R. W. Tucker, 19/12/15
and 30/12/15. Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition).
The specimen from Voigtsgrund (8.E. Maltahohe) and one from
Ababis appear at first to be distinct from A. variegata; not only are
they much darker and redder in colour, but their legs ave relatively
longer and the vulva appears slightly different in that the central
subquadrate pan figured in Purcell’s description (loc. cit.) is in-
complete, being in fact shaped lke a low broad M,; it is probable,
however, that the central point has yet to grow down over the softer
tissue below, and so complete the “ pan.”
The differences noted do not seem sufficient on the material to-
hand to separate them as a distinct species, but have been ascribed
to the varietal range of the one species.
The measurements noted for the specimens are as follows:
Carapace equal in length to the tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of
Ist leg, and equal or subequal to patella, tibia and metatarsus of Ist
leg; breadth equal to metatarsus and } tarsus of Ist leg, and slightly
exceeds metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg; total length 13 mm.;
carapace 6°5 mm. long and 3:5 min. wide; Ist leg (to coxa) 12 mm.,
4th leg 13°6 mm. In Pureell’s type-specimens the carapace usually
equals patella, tibia, metatarsus and 4+ tarsus of Ist leg, and the
breadth equals metatarsus and 2 of tarsus, and was much greater than
metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg; and in addition the legs were
shorter than the above; some of the specimens varied still more.
The remaining specimen from Ababis, however, differed but very
slightly from the above measurements of type-specimens, hence the
species has been taken as occurring in the localities mentioned above.
ADONEA PARVA n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 2).
Specimens—One g (No. B 3701, Type), Junction of Marico and
Crocodile Rivers, N.W. Transvaal (R. W. Tucker, 1-2/18).
Colowr.—Carapace red, shading to brown posteriorly ; clothed with
appressed white hairs. Chelicera red, becoming browner apically ;.
452 Annals of the South African Museum.
clothed basally with white hairs and apically with dark hairs.
Abdomen testaceous with a shghtly darker median band; hairs fine
and light in colour; under surface dark, genital fold with a pale
border. Sternum reddish-black, coxae infuscated brown, legs brown,
tarsi slightly redder; femora infuscated, especially on the under
surface. When dry the specimen appears dirty white in colour.
Carapace.—Surface coarsely punctate ; length slightly exceeding the
patella, tibia and metatarsus, and equal to the tibia, metatarsus and
tarsus of the Ist leg; width equal to or slightly exceeding the tibia
and metatarsus, and the patella, tibia and metatarsus of the Ist leg;
also extending from the fovea to the posterior median eyes. Cephalic
portion slopes shghtly upwards from the anterior border to the pos-
terior lateral eyes, thence level to the fovea, and then sloping, but not
abruptly, to the posterior border.
Hyes.—Posterior median 13; diameters apart, and 5 or 6 times as
large as the anterior medians. Ocular area 14 times as broad as long.
Sternum.—Surface punctate ; length 1% times the greatest breadth.
Legs.—Metatarsus I bearing 2 apical spines on the under surface ;
metatarsus with 5 apical spines on the under surface; metatarsus III
with 5 and metatarsus IV with 5-6 apical and 2 other spines down
the centre of the under surface. Metatarsus IV slightly shorter than
tibia IV. Calamistrum apparently absent. Tarsi IV, III and II
with spines and bristles on the under surface, decreasing to a few
bristles on tarsus I. Claw on [Vth tarsus with 7-8 strong teeth.
Cribellum.—Two small plates at the base of the inferior spinners,
with an anterior strip of clear tissue furnished on either side with
distinct muscle sigilla, having the appearance of extra cribellal plates.
Pedipalps.—As in figure.
Measurements.—Total length 6mm. Carapace 2°9 mm. long, 2°2 mm.
broad.
Gren. STEGODYPHUS, Sim.
STEGODYPHUS DESERTICOLA, Pure.
1908. Stegodyphus deserticola, Pure. in L. Schultzes Reise, Zool. Bd. 1,
p. 2i¢, pk Tipo, and 22
Specimens.—2 ¢ SJ and 33 2? 9,1 juv. (Nos. B 2152 and 2157),
from Gurumanas, S.W. Africa (R. W. Tucker, 7-8/1/16. Percy
Sladen Memorial Expedition).
The specimens coincide with Purcell’s description, with the shght
exception that the cephalothorax is more orange than red in colour,
the anterior legs do not redden appreciably distally, and the “ yellow”’
a e a wie . 9
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 453
hairs are in general a bright orange colour. The ¢ ¢ (apparently
newly moulted) were still less red in colour, and the orange hairs on
ocular tubercle were very scanty.
The species is gregarious and lives in nests constructed on thorny
bushes or small acacias; the central, inhabited portion of the nest is
composed of dense matted silk, often combined either intentionally or
most probably by wind agency with very fine sand, and interwoven
with wings and bodies, etc., of various insects captured by the colony.
The latter live in the tunnels of the central mass, and their prey is
caught by the large outer network spread over the bush surrounding
the central mass. The spiders themselves were fairly sluggish when
disturbed ; in one nest egg capsules of the circular tabloid shape
common to the Hresidae were fairly plentiful; in others the young
spiders had already hatched out, and in some cases were forming
their own communities.
Specimens (No. B2111) from Haris, S. of Windhuk, S.W. Africa
(R. W. Tucker, 9/1/16), were sub-adult 2 9 (7 mm. long), paler, with
less white hairs and scarcely any orange ones; carapace was also
longer relative to the legs, being equal to tibia, metatarsus, and } or
more of tarsus of Ist leg. These specimens, however, and others
coincide with the young specimens of deserticola, and the above and
following localities in S.W. Africa can be no doubt added to those in
which S. deserticola is to be found—Namsem, Kabiras, Nauchas, Areb,
Choaberib and 8.W. Windhuk—at all of which specimens were taken.
Gen. DRESSERUS, Sim.
DRESSERUS COLSONI, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 4).
Specimens.—2 2 2 and juvs. (No. 18172, Types) and 2 ? 2 (No.
13556) from Lydenburg, Transvaal (R. Colson, 11—-12/03 and /04).
Colour.—In spirits carapace is dark red; chelicera very slightly
darker; legs reddish-brown, anterior ones darker; abdomen dull
testaceous brown, covered with short dark hairs. Sternum and coxae
medium brown; mouth-parts slightly redder. :
Carapace-—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and tarsus, and
to patella, tibia and + metarsus of the Ist leg; and to the patella,
tibia and * metatarsus of the 4th leg. Width subequal to the tibia
and metatarsus of the Ist leg, and reaching from the bottom of the
fovea to the anterior median eyes. Cephalic portion of carapace fairly
well raised above the thoracic.
Eyes.—Posterior medians 1} diameters apart; in area 4-5 times the
size of the anterior medians, the centres of which lie on or above the
454 Annals of the South African Museum.
line joining the lower borders of ‘the anterior medians. Anterior
laterals slightly more than 3 times the posterior medians’ diameter
from the latter. Ocular area barely 3 times as wide as long.
Sternuwm.—Less than twice as long as wide.
Legs.—Metatarsus IV with 4-5 moderately long fine spines apically
on the under surface; legs otherwise spineless.
Vulva.—As in figure.
Measurements.—Leneth of carapace 4°5 mm.; breadth 4 mm. (ratio
of length to width 12:1). Total length 16 mm.
DRESSERUS KANNEMEYERI, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, figs. 5 a-c and 7c).
Specimens.—1 ¢ (No. B27) and 3 2? 2? (No. B 242), Types; and
4 99 (No. 14612) from Smithfield, O.F.S. (Dr. D. R. Kannemever,
12/09).
dg. Colowr.—Carapace very dark, black-red ; clothed with short,
appressed, dull white hairs over entire surface (save for posterior
border), and with long olivaceous black hairs at sides and posterior
border of cephalic portion, and to a less extent anteriorly. Chelicera
reddish-black, darker anteriorly, and clothed with long olive-black
hairs. Abdomen dull testaceous, clothed with moderately long olive-
black hairs and short sparse white ones, thus giving a slightly mottled
appearance, and with 4-5 broad arrow-head markings dorsally pos-
terior to sigilla; under surface infuscated around and above spinners
and cribellum. Legs reddish-brown and slightly infuscated ; meta-
tarsi lighter and redder, especially metatarsus I; tarsi darker. Hairs
on legs dark olivaceous in colour. Sternum, labium and coxae of
pedipalps reddish-brown in colour ; coxae of legs olivaceous brown.
Carapace.—Surface finely reticulate. Equal in length to patella,
tibia and % metatarsus, and slightly less than tibia, metatarsus and
tarsus of Ist leg. Width equal to or slightly exceeding tibia and meta-
tarsus, and equal to patella, tibia and 2 metatarsus of Ist leg; it also
exceeds the distance from fovea to front of ocular tubercle by # or
more of the length of the tubercle. Seen from above, the carapace
does not appreciably narrow anteriorly, although the widest portion is,
as in D. rostratus (Pure.), behind the posterior lateral eyes. Cephalic
portion is also very flat and slopes slightly from posterior border to
anterior, i.e. highest portion posteriorly (see fig. 7c). Ocular
projections as in rostratus, armatus and subarmatus; base of each
anterior lateral tubercle stretches as a faint blunt ridge to posterior
lateral eyes.
Hyes.—Posterior medians about 2 diameters apart and 4—5 times as
large as the anterior medians. Posterior laterals wider apart than
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 455
anterior laterals, as in swharmatus, but forming with anterior laterals
an area 23 times as wide as long.
Abdomen.—Genital orifice surmounted by 2 small oval plates fringed
over with hairs, and with 2 vertical rows above composed each of
3 muscle attachment stigmata.
Cribellum.—As in fig. 58. Basal portion in diagram is anterior
border in specimen.
Chelicera.—Moderately long, with fairly stiff hairs on anterior
border of fang groove, and with a few small blunt denticles on
posterior border of groove at base of the inner cheliceral projection.
Sternum.—Twice as long as wide.
Labium and coxae of pedipalps with slight lateral depressions
across them.
Legs.—Metatarsus I straight, red and spineless; metatarsus IT
straight, duller in colour, and with 2-3 spines apically on under
surface; metatarsus JIT with numerous, and metatarsus IV with 7-8
long slender spines apically on under surface. Calamistrum weak.
Tarsus IV without spines, but with dense stout black bristles on
under surface; other tarsi also with bristles on under surfaces, but
becoming finer and sparser anteriorly. Tarsal claws of 4th leg with
a single row of 8-9 teeth; the distal ones long and stout, the basal
ones shorter, finer and closer together.
Pedipaips—As in fig. 5a; very similar to D. subarmatus
(Tullgr.).
Measurements.—Total length 11°5 mm.; length of carapace 56 mm.,
width 4°35 mm.
2. Colouwr—Seen in spirits, carapace appears blackish-red,
covered with dark hairs; abdomen infuscated testaceous, and densely
covered with dark hairs; under surface of abdomen slightly lighter ;
and as is characteristic of Dresserus, ornamented with numerous
muscle attachment stigmata, of which those directly above the vulval
plate and those below are arranged in fairly regular lines. Sternum,
coxae, etc., dark reddish-brown; legs slightly browner than carapace,
and posterior one slightly lighter. When dry, the specimens were
seen to be covered with silky olive-black hairs having a pale sheen.
Carapace.—Equal in length to patella, tibia, and metatarsus, and
greater than tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg; and equal to
patella, tibia and metatarsus of 4th leg. Width equal to tibia, meta-
tarsus and 4 tarsus of Ist leg, and stretches from bottom of fovea to
anterior border of carapace. Surface faintly reticulate; highest
portion just behind posterior lateral eyes, 7.e. cephalic portion is
slightly arched.
34
4.56 Annals of the South African Museum.
EHyes.— Posterior medians about 12 diameters apart, and at least
4 times the area of the anterior medians; latter with their centres
about in a line with anterior margins of the posterior medians ; anterior
laterals slightly larger than anterior medians and than posterior
laterals. Ocular area 5 times as wide as long.
Chelicera.—Much as in ¢, but blunter and coarser ; bristles shorter
and stouter.
Sternum.—Length less than twice the greatest width.
Legs.—Metatarsi III and IV armed with 3-5 spines each, on under
surface, apically.
Vulva.—As in fig. 5c.
Measurements. —~ Length 18mm. Carapace 7°5 mm. long, and 5°7 mm.
wide ; 7. e. ratio of length of carapace to width slightly over 1:3: 1.
DRESSERUS NIGELLUS, n. sp. (Plate X XIX, fig. 6).
Specimens—One 9 and juv. (No. B 2977, Type), Matroosherg ;
altitude 3500-3700 ft. (1/17, R. W. Tucker).
Colour.—In spirits the carapace is black tinged with red ; chelicera
black, legs blackish-brown, the anterior ones being darker. Abdomen
infuscated testaceous, clothed with black hairs; sternum reddish-
brown; labium and coxae of pedipalps darker; coxae and under
surface of legs tinged olivaceous. When dry the general colour is
darker.
Carapace.—Equal in length to the patella, tibia and metatarsus of
the Ist leg, and greater than the tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of the
same ; also equal in length to the patella, tibia and 1—2 metatarsus
of the 4th leg. Width equal to the tibia and metatarsus of the Ist
leg, and to the distance from bottom of the fovea to just behind the
posterior median eyes. Upper surface of the carapace flat and not
much raised above the fovea.
Eyes.—Posterior medians slightly over one diameter apart, and
from 6-7 times the area of the anterior medians; latter very small
and with their centres above the line joining the lower borders of the
posterior medians. Anterior laterals just over twice the posterior
medians’ diameter from the latter, and larger than the posterior laterals.
Ocular area 3 times as wide as long.
Chelicera.—With stiff short hairs around fang and groove.
Sternum.—Twice as long as wide.
Legs.—Metatarsus IV with 5-6 spines apically on under surface.
Vulva.—As in fig. 6.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 457
Measurements—Carapace 5°5 mm. long and 3:75 mm. wide (i. e.
ratio 1:47:1); sternum 3 mm. long.
Total length 14 mm.
The juv. specimen is lighter and redder save for the abdomen, which
is slightly darker.
DRESSERUS SCHREINERI, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 7 a—B).
Specimens.—Two ¢ dg and4 2 2 (No. 9464, Types) from Hanover.
(S. C. Cronwright Schreiner, 10/01).
d. Colowr.—Seen in spirits, carapace is very dark red; abdomen
pale testaceous with slight infuscate mottling, and with 4-5 light
arrow-head markings posterior to sigilla. Legs brown, unicolorous,
and clothed with dark hairs; tarsi shghtly darker. Sternum and
coxae the same colour as the legs anteriorly, but slightly lighter pos-
teriorly. Labium and coxae of pedipalps darker brown and white
tipped. |. When dry, thoracic portion is seen to be covered with white
appressed hairs; a stiff brush of olive-black hairs rises from posterior
slope above fovea, and foveal region is clothed with dull white hairs.
Abdomen is clothed with short, and a few long, olivaceous brown
hairs, and tufts of white ones; dorsal sigilla are ringed with white
hairs. Legs are clothed with olive-brown hairs having a whitish
sheen. Chelicera are clothed with appressed dark hairs.
Carapace.—Surface reticulated. Length equal to tibia, metatarsus
and tarsus, and to patella, tibia, and + metatarsus of Ist leg; width
equal to patella, tibia and 7-} metatarsus, and equal to tibia and
metatarsus of Ist leg ; also stretches from fovea to nearly the length of
the ocular tubercle in front of anterior margin of carapace. Cephalic
portion broader than long, slightly narrower anteriorly, flat on upper
surface and raised abruptly above thoracic portion; latter slightly
arched posterior to fovea (fig. 7B), and foveal region considerably
depressed. Ocular projections not so prominent as in D. kannemeyeri, ete.
Eyes.—Posterior medians 2 diameters apart, and about 24 diameters
from the anterior laterals. Anterior medians with their centres
considerably above a line joing lower margins of posterior medians,
the latter being about 3 times the size of the anterior medians.
Lateral ocular area narrower anteriorly and 3 times as wide as long
posteriorly.
Abdomen.—With large, harder and darker area above genital area ;
plates and sigilla inconspicuous (cf. D. kannemeyeri).
Chelicera.—Much as in D. kannemeyeri.
Sternum.—Twice as long as wide.
Legs.—Metatarsus I straight and spineless; metatarsi II and III
458 Annals of the South African Museum.
with 2 spines apically on under surface; IV with 4 apically and’
1 lower down on under surface; calamistrum very faint, the bristles
being only just distinguishable from the hairy clothing of the leg.
Tarsi clothed as in D. kannemeyeri.
Tarsal claws of 4th leg with 5-6 subequal teeth.
Pedipalps.—Palpal organ as in fig. 7 A.
Measurements.—Total length 95 mm. Carapace 4 mm. long,
3 mm. wide.
2. Colowr.—In spirits carapace is dark red, chelicera reddish-
black; the legs are brown, the anterior ones being redder and darker
distally. Abdomen dull testaceous, and clothed with moderately long
dark hairs. Sternum, coxae, etc., syncolorous with the legs; labium
and coxae of pedipalps darker and redder. When dry the carapace
is seen to be covered with long upstanding and shorter more appressed
dark olivaceous hairs, which have brownish tinge; hairs on abdomen
are brown to reddish-brown; similarly with hairs on legs.
Carapace.-—Equal in length to patella, tibia, metatarsus, and
3-7 tarsus of the Ist leg, and to patella, tibia and 4 metatarsus of
IVth leg. Width equal to patella, tibia and 4-3 metatarsus, and to
tibia, metatarsus and 4 tarsus of Ist leg; also reaches from fovea
to about the centre of posterior median eyes. Surface faintly
punctate. Cephalic portion well raised above thoracic, and very
shehtly arched.
Eyes.—Posterior medians 14-2 diameters apart and 3 diameters
from anterior laterals; seen from in front anterior medians have their
centres above a line joining the lower margins of posterior medians ;
latter at least 4 times the area of the former. Lateral ocular area
3 times as wide as long.
Sternum.—Twice as long as wide, and slightly depressed anteriorly.
Chelicera.—With no bristles, but with fine hairs around fang and
sroove.
Legs.—Both metatarsi III and IV without spines apically on
under surface.
Vulva.—Similar to D. colsoni (Plate XXIX, fig. 4). Central
tongue broader, laterai pits less anterior in position.
Measurements.—Total length 16 mm.; carapace 5°5 mm. long, and
4 mm. wide, z.e. ratio 1°4: 1.
In the largest specimen (length 17°5 mm., carapace 6:1 and 4 mm.)
hairs on carapace and abdomen are much redder, and legs are longer
relatively to carapace; in other specimens from Hanover (B 1498)
hairs on abdomen and carapace have no reddish tinge but are dark
olivaceous ; otherwise proportions and vulva are much the same.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 459
DRESSERUS SERICATUS, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 8).
Specimens.— 9 (No. B 2197, Type), from Nauchas, S.W. Africa
(R. W. Tucker, 3/1/16), and ? (No. B 2115), from between Nauchas
and Areb (do., 1/16. Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition.)
Colour.—Cephalic portion of carapace dark reddish-brown, and
clothed with dense, almost scopula-like dark hairs; from fovea to
posterior border pale brown. Abdomen testaceous, covered with
long, silky, dark hairs, having a dull yellow sheen; hairs on under
side of abdomen sparser and shorter. Under surface of legs, coxae,
sternum, ete., pale brown, slightly darker anteriorly and covered with
long fine hairs. Labium and coxe of pedipalps dark brown, and
with anterior white borders very distinct. Chelicera almost black ;
legs light brown, darker distally, especially anterior legs, which become
reddish, and clothed with fairly dense black hairs from patella onwards ;
rest of legs and sternum also covered with long dark silky hairs.
Cephalothoraz.—As long as patella, tibia, metatarsus and 4-3 of
Ist leg, and slightly exceeding tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg.
Width equal to patella, tibia and } metatarsus of Ist leg, and extends
from fovea to anterior surface of ocular tubercle. Cephalic portion
about the same width as the thoracic, and raised fairly abruptly above it.
Eyes.—Posterior medians 13-2 diameters apart and 3 diameters
from anterior laterals. Seen from the front the centres of anterior
median eyes lie on or above a line joining the lower edges of posterior
median eyes; latter less than 4 times the area of the former.
Legs.—Metatarsus III with several short spines apically on under
surface, metatarsus IV with 5-6 moderately long fine spines apically,
mixed with setae, and 2 spines centrally lower down.
Sternum.—Nearly twice as long as wide.
Vulva.—Orange-red in colour, raised, and with surface lightly
punctate; convoluted vesicula seminalis show through in spirits as
the dark markings indicated in fig. 8.
Measurements.—Total length 11 mm.; carapace 4:8 mm. long and
3:1 mm. wide, i.e. ratio of length to breadth, about 1°55: 1.
In the 2nd specimen (No. B 2115), which is subadult, the vulva has
not yet appeared although the specimen is 10°5 mm. long.
Famiry ZODARIIDAE.
GEN. DIORES, Sim.
DIoRES AURICULA, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 3).
Specimens.—One 2 (B 5905, Type), Insiza, Rhodesia (G. French).
Colour.—Carapace dark yellow, cephalic portion a little darker ;
460 Annals of the South African Museum.
legs pale yellow; dorsal surface of abdomen violet-black with a long
3-lobed testaceous patch centrally and 2 broad testaceous ‘spots
posteriorly ; under surface light.
Carapace.—Surface without hairs or infuscation; ‘median ocular
area dark: clypeus only very faintly infuscated down to the centre,
and at least 23 times the diameter of an anterior median eye.
Hyes.—Anterior medians large, considerably less than a radius
apart and nearly touching the laterals, which are about + their size.
Posterior row strongly procurved; medians slightly smaller than the
laterals, and nearer to them than to each other. Posterior laterals
subequal to the anterior laterals. Median ocular area considerably
broader than long.
Chelicera.—Bearing stout spiniform bristles apically on the inner
portion of the anterior surface.
Pedipalps.—Dorsal scopular patch small and bristle-like.
Legs.—Bearing short spiniform hairs, which are denser on the tarsi
and longer on the posterior legs. Tibia I with 3 pairs of slender
spines on the under surface; patella with 1-2 spines distally on the
dorsal surface. Metatarsus and tibia II with numerous spines ;
patella with 3 spinules on the anterior surface, 2 dorsally, and 1 distal
spine on the posterior surface. Patella III with 3 pairs of strong
spinules dorsally. Patella ITV similar with a small additional basal
spine. Metatarsus I at least 1} times the length of the tarsus;
metatarsus [V 24 times the length of the tarsus.
Vulva.—As in fig. 3.
Measurements.—Carapace 2°3 mm. long; total length, 5-4 mi.
DIoRES BIFURCATA, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 13 s—z).
Specimens.—2 ¢ 6,1 2 (No. B 2792, Types) and 1 2 (No. B2803),
from Gt. Winterhoek Mts.; altitude 3900-4100 ft. (R. W. Tucker,
November, 1916).
@ . Colowr.—Carapace pale brown, considerably infuscated, especially
on thoracic portion, on which there are fairly distinct radial infusca-
tions. Abdomen purple-black above, with or without faint lighter
median marks posteriorly, sides and lower portion pallid; surface
smooth and shiny. Legs the same colour as carapace.
Cephalothoraz.— Rectangular anteriorly, cephalic portion slightly
raised. Clypeus very broad and vertical and with central infuscation
from anterior median eves widening out to entire extent of anterior
border of carapace (fig. 13 8).
Hyes.—Anterior row seen from in front strongly procurved ; medians
ee ee
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 461
round, only slightly larger than laterals; about 4 a diameter from
each other and slightly less from the laterals; posterior row seen from
above more procurved and slightly wider than the anterior row.
Medians subequal to laterals, about 1} diameters apart and slightly
less from the laterals, and a little less than a diameter behind the
anterior medians. Posterior laterals round, nearly touching the
anterior laterals, and equal to them in size; fig. 13 a.
Chelicera as in fig. 135. Inner border of apex with one spinule ;
outer border bearing stout bristles.
Pedipalps with anterior scopular patch on inner surface of tarsus ;
bristles on under surface very fine. Tarsal claw strongly toothed, as
in Zodarion (Sim).
Legs.—Tarsi with no scopulae; tarsus of Ist leg with no fascicle,
claws short and toothed; metatarsus only slightly longer and slightly
stouter; femur with 3 spines down centre of dorsal surface; rest of
leg with no spines. ‘Tarsus of 2nd leg with 8 pairs of short spines on
the under surface and with one or two short fascicular hairs distally ;
metatarsus about 3 as long again as the tarsus and bearing 2 apical
and 3 pairs of other spines on the under surface, together with a few
bristles ; patella bearmg two spinules and 1 spine on the inner upper
surface; femur with 3-4 spines dorsally down the centre. Tarsus of
5rd leg short and also with paired spines on under surface ; metatarsus
about 1} times its length, and with 2 apical and 6-7 other spines on
the under surface; patella with 3 spinules on the anterior upper
surface and | distally on posterior upper side; femora of 3rd and 4th
legs also spined dorsally. Tarsus of 4th leg with very numerous
short spines on the under surface; metatarsus long, slender, over
twice the length of the tarsus and sparsely spined save at the apex,
which bears numerous spines ; patella with 3 spinules on the anterior
surface and 1—2 on the posterior surface.
Vulva.—As in fig. 13 8, the lower lip-like portion projects at right
angles to the rest of the surface.
Abdomen.—With small chitinous tracheal opening on ventral surface
immediately anterior to the spimners and with traces of anterior
openings level with the iung pockets (cf. D. salisburyensis, n. sp.).
S. Colowr.—Carapace pale golden-brown, with small granule-like
spots, giving a mottled appearance; legs pale golden-brown; tarsi
lighter than the metatarsi; dorsal scutum of abdomen darker brown,
with considerable mottled infuscation; sides and inner portion of
abdomen slightly ridged, and densely mottled to just above the
spinners with purple-black infuscations; under surface of abdomen
pale; sternum, coxae, etc., pale testaceous.
462 Annals of the South African Musewm.
Cephalothoraw.—More evenly and slightly less convex than in the
?; cephalic portion scarcely raised ; clypeus very broad and infuscated
as in the ?.
iyes.—Much as in ?. Median ocular area very slightly wider than
long; seen from in front the lateral eyes appear nearly circular, sub-
equal to the medians and nearly touching them.
Legs.—Tarsus I long, slender and cylindrical; bearing no spines or
scopula, but with fine bristles on lower surface; metatarsus longer
than the tarsus and with 0-1 spines; no scopula, but with numerous
stout bristles on the under surface; tibia with 4 spines on the lower
surface; patella with no spines, femur with a few bristles. Tarsus IT
similar to I but shorter; metatarsus II about 12 times as long as the
tarsus, bearing fine spines apically and a few other scattered ones in
addition to bristles; patella and femur similar to I. Tarsus III with
long stout bristles and fine spines on the under surface; metatarsus
at least twice the length of the tarsus and with fairly numerous
scattered spines in addition to bristles; tibia with paired spines
below, and with other scattered ones; patella with 3 spines anteriorly
and 0-1 posteriorly.
Tarsus IV similar to III; metatarsus 2} times as long as the
tarsus and with numerous scattered spines and bristles ; tibia irregu-
larly spined; patella with 3 spines on anterior upper surface, and
0-1 posteriorly ; femur with 3 spines above but with no long bristles
below.
All tarsal claws long and well toothed; tarsi projecting slightly
below the claws and receding slightly above them. Femora moderately
robust. Coxa I subequal to coxa IV; coxa III subequal to coxa II,
and slightly over 3 the length of coxa IV.
Pedipalps.—Short ; femur nearly straight, sub-cylindrical, and with
2 spines on anterior upper surface; patella short and swollen; tibia
in fig. 18c; the posterior spme is somewhat laminated and much
broader than the anterior one (cf. D. simoni); tarsus longer than the
femur, broad, and bearing 2 stout spines distally. Palpal organ as in
fig. 15 p.
Chelicera.—Inner apex with stout spinule and one or more smaller
ones. Anterior border of groove with 4 small spinules or stout
bristles.
Abdomen.—With short transverse chitinous line on ventral surface
at base of spines, and only visible when latter are protruded; a
chitinous mark on each side level with the lung apertures is also
present (see D. salisburyensis).
Spinners.—Slightly more cylindrical than in the ?.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 463
Measurements.— 2 Carapace 2 mm. long; total length 47 mm. ¢
Carapace 2:1] mm. long; total length 4 mm.
These specimens were taken in the vicinity of a colony of large
yellowish-brown ants (Camponotus sp.), which they resemble when
rapidly running; one ¢ was taken running in company with them
when they were disturbed, and exhibited a marked resemblance at
the time.
A fg specimen (B 2984) from the Matroosberg Mts., 4000-4500 ft.
(Rk. W. Tucker, 20/1/17), is slightly more golden in colour, especially
the scutum of the abdomen, which is even paler than the carapace
and in strong contrast to the black surface surrounding it; the
infuscation of the clypeus is also very faint.
DIORES CAPENSIS, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 5).
Specimens.—1 ¢ (B 1219, Type), Bergvleit, Cape Flats (R. W.
Tucker, 6/15).
Colowr.—Carapace pale yellowish-brown with infuscated mottling,
increasing in density anteriorly. Legs testaceous in colour, femora
slightly darker. Abdomen with a brown mottled scutum extending ?
the dorsal length; remainder of dorsal surface blue-grey in colour,
under surface pale testaceous.
Eyes.—Anterior medians at least } a diameter apart, laterals about
+ their size. Posterior row strongly procurved, medians 1-14
diameters apart and slightly nearer to the laterals, which are sub-
equal to them and smaller than the anterior laterals. Clypeus twice
the diameter of an anterior median eye, and slightly infuscated down
the centre ; region of anterior row of eyes deeply infuscated.
Abdomen.—Epigastric scutum absent; tracheal slit anterior to
spinners moderately distinct ; markings level with lung pockets not
apparent.
Legs.—TYarsus I with a double line of fine bristles down the centre ;
metatarsus a little longer than the tarsus, with a similar double line
and some spines apically; tibia with 4 pairs of fine spines on the
under surface. Second leg similar; bristles stouter, metatarsus also
bearing spines ; tibia with only 3 pairs of fine spines ; 3rd leg similar,
spination stronger, metatarsus about 1} times the length of the
tarsus; 4th leg longer and slenderer, metatarsus 14 times the length
of the tarsus. Patellae I and II without spinules; patella III with
5, and patella IV with 3, spinules on the dorsal surface. Femora
each bearing 2 short spines on the dorsal surface.
Pedipalps.—Tibia with a large apical projection on the outer dorsal
464, Annals of the South African Museum.
surface which, viewed from the ventral surface, is seen to be bifureate
from the base. Palpal organ as in figure.
Measurements.—Length of carapace 18mm. ; total length 3°5 mm.
DIoREs DRURYI, n. sp. (Plate XXVIIL, fig. 4).
Specimens.—1 9° (B 4634, Type), Grootfontein, S.W. African Prot.
(J. Drury and R. M. Lightfoot, 1/19).
Colour.—Carapace golden yellow anteriorly, pale yellow posteriorly ;
legs pale yellow, darker distally ; abdomen blue-grey down the centre
of the dorsal surface, and with a light mark anterior to the spinners ;
ventral surface pale.
Hyes.—Medians about } a diameter apart; otherwise as in D. auricula.
Clypeus about 1} times the diameter of an anterior lateral eye, and
not infuscated. Region of anterior row of eyes strongly infuscated.
Chelicera.—As in D. auricula.
Pedipalps.—Bearing usual apical scopular patch.
Legs.—Tarsus bearing sparse fine bristles on the under surface ;
metatarsus twice the length of the tarsus, and bearing a few spiniform
hairs and spines down the under surface. Tarsus II bearing stout
bristles and fine spines on the under surface; metatarsus 1+ times as
long and bearing 4-5 pairs of spines in addition to bristles on the
under surface; patella bearing 3-4 spines on the anterior dorsal
surface. Tarsus III clothed with stiff bristles; metatarsus about
24 times the length and bearing numerous spines in addition to
bristles ; patella III with 10 spines on the dorsal surface; tibia with
5 stout spinules on the dorsal surface in addition to bristles. Fourth
leg similar, patella with 8 spinules on the dorsal surface, tibia with
3-4 spinules.
Abdomen.—Ventral tracheal slit wide and conspicuous ; sigilla at
sides of lung pockets visible.
Vulva.—As in figure.
Measurements.—Leneth of carapace 2 mm.; total length 45 mm.
DIoRESs JONESI, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 6 a—s).
Specimens.—4 ¢ g,1 2 and juv. (B 3633, Types), Mfongosi, Zulu-
land (W. E. Jones, 1/2/18).
$. Colowr.—Carapace dark brown, strongly infuscated. Abdomen
purple-black with a black dorsal scutum extending over 2 of its
length ; ventral surface light purple in colour, epigastric scutum pale
brown. Mouth parts and coxae pale brown, sternum slightly darker.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 4.65:
Femora of legs approximately the same colour as the carapace
patellae onwards light brown, becoming paler distally.
Cephalothoraz.—Surface smooth, shghtly depressed anterior to the
stria ; infuscated mark anterior to the stria ; cephalic portion slightly
dome-shaped.
Clypeus.—At least 3 times as deep as the anterior median eyes, and
approximately + as deep as the chelicera; a light patch on clypeus on
either side below and interior to the anterior lateral eyes.
Eyes.—Seen from above, both rows are procurved. Anterior medians
moderately large, about § a diameter apart, and touching the laterals,
which are about } their size. Posterior row slightly procurved ; eyes
equidistant ; laterals touching the anterior laterals and subequal to:
them in size; posterior medians subequal to the laterals. Median
ocular area wider than long, and shghtly narrower posteriorly.
Abdomen.—Ventral tracheal slit at base of spinners, and sigilla at
sides of lung pockets visible.
Pedipalps.—Tarsus and palpal organ as in fig. 6B; tibia with a
stout, outer, apical projection, and a more slender, curved projection
on the dorsal apical surface. Patella with a very strong, broad apical
projection on the outer ventral surface, and a smaller one on the inner
apical surface, as in figure.
Legs.—Tarsus I bearing spiniform bristles on the lower surface ;
metatarsus spineless, and about 1; times the length of the tarsus.
Tarsus If similar; metatarsus with 2-3 short spines apically, and
with stout bristles anteriorly on the lower surface ; length about 13
times that of the tarsus. Tarsus and metatarsus III with spiniform
bristles on the under surface, denser apically ; metatarsus with 4-5
spines apically on the under surface; length shghtlv over twice that
of the tarsus. Tarsus IV densely clothed on the under surface with
spines and spiniform bristles; metatarsus 2{ times the length of the
tarsus. Patellae without spines. Claws stout and strongly toothed.
?. Colour.—As in g ; abdomen dark purple-black dorsally, with
no light spots posteriorly ; ventral surface pale.
Cephalothorax and eves asin ¢.
Clypeus.—Slightly deeper than in ¢ ; equal in depth to the cheli-
cera; light markings as in ¢.
Pedipalps.—Anterior dorsal scopular patch present as in other
species.
Legs.—Yarsus I bearing sparse bristles on the under surface ;
metatarsus 14 times as long as the tarsus. Tarsus with a sparse line
of small spines down each side of the under surface, and bearing
scattered bristles; metatarsus with spines and bristles, especially
466 Annals of the South African Museum.
anteriorly, on the lower surface; length 13-2 times that of the tarsus.
Tarsus and metatarsus III with numerous spines and stout bristles,
metatarsus 2} times the length of the tarsus. Tarsus IV similar to
III; metatarsus with spines and bristles anteriorly on the lower
surface; length about 22 times that of the tarsus. Patella IIT with
2 spinules on the anterior surface; remaining patellae apparently
spineless.
Abdomen.—As in @.
Vulva.See fig. 6 a.
Measurements.—Carapace ¢ 1:8, ¢ 2:1 mm.; total length ¢ 38,
9 55 mm.
DiorEs POWERI, n. sp. (Plate X XIX, fig. 14 4—-p).
Specimens.—2 2 2 (No. B 3040, Types), Kimberley (Bro. J. H.
Power, 2/17).
Colour.—Carapace and legs golden-brown ; abdomen violet-black
above, with central line of whitish spots faint and separate anteriorly,
plainer and coalescing posteriorly ; surface bearing sparse short hairs,
especially along the central line; under surface almost white, entrance
to lung-pockets brown and chitinous. Sternum and coxae lighter than
carapace,
Cephalothorae.—Broad posteriorly, narrower and _parallel-sided
anteriorly ; cephalic portion fairly well raised above the thoracic ;
median stria long, surface smooth with slight radiate infuscations.
Hyes.—Seen from above the anterior row is slightly procurved ; the
posterior row is approximately as wide as the anterior row and strongly
procurved (fig. 14c). Anterior medians very large, circular and
prominent ; less than 4 a diameter apart and almost touching the
laterals, the latter being slightly oval and much smaller than the
medians. Posterior medians circular, 2-2} diameters apart and
1 diameter behind the anterior medians; nearer to laterals than to
each other. lLaterals oval, subequal to and nearly touching the
anterior laterals.
Clypeus.—Very deep, slightly sloping forward, and bearing bristles
below the ocular tubercle. The latter is dark around the anterior
median and lateral eyes, with a slight infuscation extending down the
centre of the clypeus, and then broadening out along the anterior
border of the carapace.
Chelicera.—Very stout, tapering to a blunt point, and flat on the
inner, contiguous surfaces. Fang very short and broad basally ;
fang groove nearly as wide as long and muticous; posterior border
with a slight keel (fig. 14 as).
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 467
Labium.—tLonger than broad, with dark marks at base, and a soft
pale anterior border, and extending over + the length of the pedipalp
coxae ; the latter are long, inclined inwards over the apex of the labium,
narrow centrally and broader basally.
Pedipalps.—The tarsus bears a single claw densely toothed along
one side of its entire length; the inner upper side of the tarsus has
an oval scopular patch anteriorly; the under inner surface bears.
blunt spinose hairs. Tarsus about equal in length to the patella and
tibia.
Legs.—Tarsus I long and slender, bearing two toothed claws but no
fascicle ; metatarsus longer and slightly stouter posteriorly ; no spines
or bristles on the upper surface of the leg. Tarsus IT shorter, and
bristles on the under surface stouter; metatarsus IT bearing stout
bristles above ; tibia with bristles and 1 short stout spine anteriorly
on the inner upper surface; patella with spinose hairs and a line of
6 short stout dark spines on the inner upper surface (8 on the larger
specimen) ; femur with 1 small spine anteriorly on the inner surface,
and a row of 4 small stout bristles posterior to it. Tarsus III shorter
still, furnished with bristles all over, and with long regular spines on
the under surface; metatarsus with a fringe of stout spimose bristles
anteriorly on upper and lateral surfaces ; upper surface with bristles and
pairs of weak spines laterally ; tibia armed with bristles and 4-5 short
dark spines on the upper surface ; patella with 13-15 (larger specimen
with 26) spinules on the anterior upper surface and 2 (3 in larger
specimen) posteriorly towards the centre ; femur with 1 spine anteriorly
on the upper surface. Fourth leg similar; patella with 12-14 (20 in
larger specimen) spinules and 2-3 posteriorly towards the centre ;
metatarsus IV about 25 times as long as the tarsus. On the under
surfaces the tarsi have no scopulae, but bear stout bristles which are
long, stout and spinose on tarsi III and IV; the metatarsi bear
bristles and scattered spines which become stronger and more numerous
on the posterior legs.
Sternum.—Anterior border straight, not produced beyond or as far
as the anterior borders of coxae 1; parallel sides as far as coxae ITT,
and then tapering to a blunt shield shape. Coxa IV longer and larger
than the rest ; coxa II very slightly smaller than I.
Abdomen.—Posterior tracheal mark visible immediately anterior to
the base of the spinners; lateral marks level with the lung opercula
visible, and also 2 others just below the lung-pockets.
Spinners.—Short ; inferior spinners when protruded subconical and
soft; the short apical joint bearing a cluster of fusules. Median
and superior spinners very short, placed alongside the anal tubercle,
468 Annals of the South African Museum.
and only discernible when protruded; when retracted only the short
inferior spinners are visible.
Vulva.—As in fig. 14.
Measurements.—Larger specimen, carapace 3 mm. in length; total
length 6°2 mm.
DIORES SALISBURYENSIS, nl. sp. (Plate X XIX, fig. 15 a and B
and fig. 16).
Specimens.—1 ¢ (B 3281, Type) and 9 and juv. (B 3249), Salisbury,
S. Rhodesia (R. W. Tucker, 4/17).
S$. Colowr.—Carapace golden-yellow, slightly darker anteriorly ;
dark line down the centre with a broad infuscated mark on each side
anterior to the thoracic stria, and a short parallel infuscated line
behind each post-median eye. Clypeus infuscated down the central
portion ; chelicera light yellowish-brown with dark hairs at the
apices. Abdomen black on the dorsal surface with a white mark
above the spinners; scutum extending over 3 the length of the upper
surface, and nearly black in colour, the central portion only being
mottled brown. Under surface entirely pale testaceous and sparsely
clothed with dark hairs; legs hght yellowish-brown.
Cephalothorax.— Surface smooth; slightly depressed between the
stria and the ocular area; highest at anterior point of stria and
sloping thence to posterior border.
Clypeus.—About twice as deep as the anterior median eyes ; anterior
border black.
Hyes.—Seen from above, the front border of the anterior row forms
a straight to slightly recurved line; the posterior border forms a
strongly procurved line. Posterior row very strongly procurved (ef.
D. poweri). Anterior medians very large; much less than } a diameter
apart and nearly touching the laterals, which are about + their size.
Posterior laterals subequal to and touching the anterior laterals ;
posterior medians equal to the laterals and nearer to them than to
each other. Median ocular area wider than long. Infuscation around
anterior medians and lateral eyes very strong; seen from in front the
anterior row is procurved.
Legs.—Tarsus I long and slender, and clothed with stout hairs; no
spines or spinules, but with rows of short bristles on the under
surface; claws strongly toothed ; metatarsus over 15 times the length
of the tarsus; femur with 2 spines on the dorsal surface; rest of leg
muticous. Tarsus II shorter and bearing numerous setose spines on
the under surface ; metatarsus 14 times as long as the tarsus, armed
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 469
with a few scattered spines, and on the lower surface with bristly
hairs, which are denser towards the apex; patella with 4 spines on
the anterior surface. Femora II, III and IV each with 2 spines as
in femur I. Tarsus III short, the under surface more densely
clothed than in II; metatarsus over twice the length of the tarsus,
and also more heavily armed than metatarsus II. Patella with 9
spines dorsally on the anterior border and 5 on the posterior side.
Tarsus IV missing; metatarsus very long, 1} times the length of
metatarsus IIIT; armed with sparse scattered spines; patella with 6
spines dorsally on the anterior border, 2 on the posterior border, and
1 centrally on the apical border.
Abdomen.—Dorsal scutum extending over the anterior half;
epigastric scutum absent. Tracheal slit on ventral surface, anterior
to the spinners, very distinct ; markings level with the lung pockets
not apparent.
Chelicera.—With 2 or 3 spinules and stout bristles on the inner
anterior border.
Pedipalps.—Palpal organs as in fig. 15 a; the tarsus has a posterial
dorsal prolongation as in fig. 15 8. Patella and tibia without spurs
or prominent spines ; tarsus with 6 apical spines on the under surface.
2. Colour.—Legs and carapace slightly darker than in the J;
dorsal surface of the abdomen with 5 distinct light marks down the
central line posteriorly, the hindermost being contiguous ; abdomen
clothed with sparse, short, appressed hairs.
Carapace.
Similar to the ¢, cephalic portion shehtly more convex ;
no central dark line, and only a slight infuscated mark anterior to the
stria. Clypeus 3 times the diameter of an anterior median eye in
depth; slightly infuscated, anterior border dark.
Hyes.—As in g ; anterior medians smaller; posterior eyes nearly
equidistant, medians lacking the posterior infuscated line and slightly
smaller than the laterals.
Chelicera.— Well keeled on the inner border, and with 2 weak spines
on the inner apex of the groove.
Pedipalps.—With the usual anterior scopular patch; bristles fine
and sparse ; tarsal claw dentate.
Legs.—Tarsus I slender; with stout hairs on the under surface, and
a line of short spinules down the centre; no scopula or fascicle ;
metatarsus 13 times as long as the tarsus and with numerous
irregularly paired spinules down the centre of the under surface ;
rest of leg spineless save for 2 spines dorsally on the femur. Tarsus II
shorter and with a row of spimules down each side of the under
surface ; metatarsus 1-1} times as long as the tarsus; patella with
4.70 Annals of the South African Museum.
1-2 spines on the anterior edge of the upper surface and with 2 on
the posterior surface. Femora II, III and IV each with 2 fine
spines dorsally. Tarsus III armed with coarse bristles on the under
surface; metatarsus about 1} times as long as the tarsus, with fewer
bristles, but with some scattered fine spines on the under surface,
which are more numerous distally ; patella with 4-5 spinules on the
anterior edge of the upper surface. Tarsus IV slender, with sparse
coarse bristles and numerous short fine spines on the under surface ;
metatarsus just over twice the length of the tarsus; patella IV with
5 spinules on the anterior surface.
Claws long and slender ; slightly curved and dentate.
Abdomen.—Conspicuous ventral tracheal slit anterior to the spinners
and separated from them by an infuscated band continuous with the
dark dorsal surface; also a longitudinal chitinous mark on each side
of the abdomen, slightly distant from the lung opercula; these may
also be connected with a tracheal system.
Vulva.—As in fig. 16.
Spinners.—Inferior spinners moderately stout, sub-conical, and with
a short apical jot; placed anteriorly to and separate from a group
of 2 small median and 2 small superior spinners.
Measurements.—Carapace, ¢ 2 mm., ? 2 mm. long; total length
3 35mm. ? 46mm. 1 2 (B 3664) from Mochudi, Bechuanaland
Protectorate (R. W. Tucker, 21/2/18), agrees with ? species of
salisburyensis.
DiIoREs sETOSUS, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 17).
Specimens.— 2 (No. B 2825, Tvpe), Gt. Winterhoek Mts., 4000—
4800 ft. (R. W. Tucker, November, 1917).
Colouwr.—Cephalothorax golden-brown, cephalic portion darker than
thoracic; abdomen purple-black, grained with lighter flecks, and with
four pale central marks posteriorly ; ventral surface pale, but with the
dorsal infuscations extending around the spinners; sternum and coxae
pale testaceous; legs golden-brown, tarsi darkening distally; labium
and coxae of pedipalps darker brown, the latter having whitish tips.
Cephalothoraz.—Surtace smooth and bearing sparse short, scattered
hairs ; median stria very short, radial infuscations faint. Cephalic
portion raised and well defined; clypeus not infuscated, but bearing
one or two hairs below the ocular tubercle.
Abdomen.—Upper and under surfaces sparsely clothed with short
stiff dark hairs. Under surface has only faint traces of tracheal
markings (see D. bifurcata and D. salisburyensis).
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 471
Hyes.—Seen from above the anterior row is procurved; medians
round, larger than the laterals and less than } a diameter from each
other and from the laterals. Posterior row very slightly wider than
the anterior row, and only moderately procurved; eyes practically
equidistant ; medians about 12 diameters apart, and a diameter or
less behind the anterior medians; laterals only very slightly larger
than medians and almost touching the anterior laterals. Median
area parallel-sided and slightly wider than long. A1l eyes surrounded
by a circle of black pigment, which in the anterior row and laterals
merges into an infuscated band prominent below the anterior medians.
Pedipalps.—Tarsus subconical ; scopular patch small but distinct ;
no spines on palps, but numerous stout hairs and bristles; tarsal claw
strongly and densely toothed down outer side.
Legs.—Much shorter than in the preceding species. Tarsus I short,
and slightly tapering distally; under surface clothed with stout
bristles; metatarsus stouter, about 12 times as long as the tarsus,
and bearing 2 apical and one other spines on the lower surface, besides
stout setae or bristles. Tibia I with 2 spines apically on the lower
surface and scattered bristles; patella I muticous; femur I with 2
spimes on the upper surface. Tarsus II short, shghtly tapering
distally, and bearing short fine spimes on the under surface; meta-
tarsus IT similar to I, about 14 times as lone as the tarsus; tibia IT
with 1 spine in centre dorsally, and 5 small ones anteriorly on the
side; patella IT with 3 spinules on anterior upper surface ; femur IT
with 2 spines dorsally. Tarsus III with very stout dense bristles on
the under surface ; metatarsus III scarcely 13 times the length of the
tarsus; spined apically, and with scattered spines and numerous
bristles on the under surface; tibia with 4 spines on the anterior
surface, and with bristles and fine spines on the under surface ; patella
with 3 spines on the anterior surface, and 2 spines on the upper
surface at the anterior edge, and 1 at the posterior edge; femur with
2 spines on the upper surface. Tarsus 1V with numerous short spines
and bristles on the under surface; metatarsus about twice as long as
the tarsus, and with fine spines and bristles and numerous spines
apically on the under surface; tibia with 4 spines on the anterior
surface and 2 on the upper surface; patella with 3 spines on the upper
surface anteriorly and 1 posteriorly.
Femora I, IT and III bearing distally on outer surface a small
distinct patch of short spmiform bristles.
Sternum, coxae, etc. Sparsely covered with lone stiff dark hairs.
Vulva.—See figure.
Measurements,—Total length 4 mm.; carapace 1:75 mm. long.
}
oO >
472 Annals of the South African Museum.
Other specimens—l1 92 (B 3084), Matroosberge Mts., 5000 ft.
(R. W. Tucker, 1/17). Also 1 ? (B 3073), Matroosberg Mts.,
7000 ft. (R. W. Tucker, 1/17).
In this specimen the distal patches of bristles on outer surface of
femora I-III show very clearly ; the spinules, etc., on the legs are
slightly less numerous. On examining the other species of this genus
described in the paper it appears that the femoral character noted
above is universal m both ¢ ¢ and 2 2; in many cases a paler ring
surrounds the group of short bristles giving the appearance of a sense
organ. In D. awricula, however, the character is indistinct.
Famity HERSILIIDAR.
Gen. HERSILIOLA, Thor.
HERSILIOLA AUSTRALIS, Sim. (Plate XXIX, fig. 9)
1893. H. australis, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign, 2nd ed., vol. 1,
pp. 442 and 445. 2.
1910. AH. australis, Simon, in LL. Sehultzes Forsch. r. Zool., vol. 4,
Jena, p. 188. 9°.
Specimens.—One ¢ and 2 2? 2 (No. 14481) from Poortjesfontein,
Hanover (Neeser jr. 1905).
The specimens of Hersiliola in the Museum collection all seem
referable to HA. australis; variations occur in coloration, especially
of the abdomen, but no specific distinctions are apparent. The dorsal
abdominal pattern in general resembles the diagram of Hersiliola
(Hersilidia lucasii, Cambr. O. P. P.Z.S. 1876, Pl. lvi, fig. 5). When
dry, the abdomen, unless rubbed, has this pattern more or less
obliterated by a clothing of white and orange hairs; the lateral
bundles of white setae also stand out more clearly when dry.
The cephalothorax is often entirely clothed in white and orange
hairs, though in most specimens they are partially lost or rubbed off.
Specimens have been obtained from Usib R. near Nomptsas, 8.W.
Afric. Prot. (2 No. B. 2064, R. W. Tucker, Percy Sladen Memorial
Expedition) ; Tsais, Bull’s Mouth Pass, 8.W. Afric. Prot. (2 No.
B. 2137, R. W. Tucker, Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition) ; Montagu
Baths, Caledon (2 9 9 No. 12655, Dr. W. F. Purcell, 11/03) ;
Stompneus, Malmesbury Div. (1 2 No. 11678, J. C. Gould, 3/02) ;
Ashton, Robertson Div. (1 ? No. 3361, Dr. W. F. Purcell, 11/97) ;
Beaufort West (1 ? No. 3937, Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/96) ; Ceres (82 2
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 473
and juv. ¢ Nos. 3269 and 3270, Dr. W. F. Purcell and R. M. Lightfoot,
10/97). (‘These specimens are somewhat small in size and 1 2 appears
melanic. The pattern on the back, seen in spirits, is almost obliterated
by the presence of black pigment; similarly with the cephalothorax ;
femora and tibiae of legs are darkened and have a slight olivaceous
tinge; under abdomen, sternum, coxae and femora are almost black ;
spinners are dark, but with the usual dark mark on the apical segment
of superior spinners.) Robertson (1 2 No. 3350, Dr. W. F. Purcell,
11/97), shghtly melanic; Colesbere (1 ? No. 8763, C. L. Leipoldt,
12/00); Mossel Bay (1 ? No. 908, Dr. W. F. Purcell, 4/96), also
melanie.
Description of Male-—The 9 9 which accompany the ¢ specimen
from Hanover do not appear separable from H. australis; they tend
towards being melanie, the under abdomen being dark or mottled and
with light stripes at the side, whilst the sternum and coxae are dark or
mottled.
General colouring of ¢ asin 2 2 ; usual pattern on dorsal surface
of abdomen bright and distinct, the heht portion being invaded by
darker markings; under abdomen mottled and banded at. sides ;
carapace and sternum mottled ; legs ochreous-brown, darker towards
extremities, and posterior legs lightly banded.
Legs.—Longer than in 2 ; Ist leg 12.5 mm.; in ? length is about
10 mm.; 4th leg 16mm.; in 9 11mm. Metatarsi of 5 legs distinctly
eurved downwards in the centre, and upwards distally ; tarsi shorter
and stouter than in the other legs, of which the tarsi are long and
slender.
Pedipalps.—As in fig. 9.
In all cases it was noticed that the superior spinners of Hersiliola
were subequal to the sternum in length, and that the apical lighter
portion tended to be conical and straight ; also the tarsus of the Ist
leg exceeded ! the length of the metatarsus in all cases. These addi-
tional characters serve to separate Hersiliola from Tama, since in the
latter the tarsus is less than 3} the length of the metatarsus of the Ist
leg; and the apical joint of the superior spinners in addition to being
curved and longer than the basal joint is also longer than the sternum,
generally equalling or exceeding the sternum and labium in length.
Gen. HERSILIA, Aud.
HERSILIA BICORNIS, n. sp. (Plate X XIX, fig. 10 a—z).
Specimens.— $ and 9 (B 864, Types), Krantz Kloof, Durban,
Natal (H. W. Bell-Marley, 12/14).
ATA, Annals of the South African Museum.
g and 2 ? 2 (B 4255), Kaapmuiden, E. Transv., Low Veld
(R. W. Tucker, 11/18).
One ? (B 4334), Komatipoort, E. Transv., Low Veld (R. W.
Tucker, 11/18).
2. Colowr.—Carapace brown; lateral borders strongly infuscated,
and with an irregular infuscated band from each side of the ocular
tubercle to the posterior border of the carapace. Clypeus whitish,
with an opaque band down the centre, and ornamented with 2 dark
vertical marks underneath the anterior median eyes, and 2 conspicuous
oblique marks stretching out and down from the sides of the median
eyes. Ocular tubercle with an orange line down centre posteriorly.
Transverse median band on chelicera very faint. Abdomen black,
with testaceous mottling and with anterior lateral bars and outline of
anterior black band, testaceous ; also with 8 distinct muscle sigilla
dorsally.
Legs and spinners as in H. sericea, Poc. When dry the clypeus is
seen to be densely clothed with white hairs; lateral and central leht
portions of carapace also bearing short white hairs.
Carapace.—Longer than wide ; width greater than the length of the
distal segment of the metatarsus of either the Ist or 2nd legs, and
subequal to the patella, tibia, and + the metatarsus of the 3rd leg.
Ocular tubercle very much raised above the carapace; ocular quad-
rangle scarcely longer than wide. Clypeus sloping forward, and at
least 14 times the length of the ocular quadrangle in depth.
Hyes.— Anterior laterals smaller than the rest, which are subequal.
Legs.—Bearing white spines on the light and black spines on the
dark portions.
Spinners.—Total length equal to the tibia of Ist leg ; terminal joint
much shorter than the tibia of the lst or 4th leg.
Vulva.—As in fig. 10a; distinct from H. sericea, Poc.
Measurements.—Length 7 mm.; width of carapace 3 mm. ; apical
segment of spinners, 45 mm.; Ist leg 22°5 mm.; 4th leg 19°5 mm. in
length.
S$. Colowr—Much as in 2 ; carapace and abdomen darker.
Chelicera almost entirely dark.
Legs.—Spines numerous and black.
Carapace.—Breadth subequal to length.
Hyes.—Anterior medians much larger than the posterior medians ;
otherwise about equidistant and in square formation ; anterior laterals
very small.
Pedipalps.—Palpal organ as in fig. 108; femur with 2-3 slender
spines on the dorsal surface, and 1 about the centre of the inner
Al a0 . : : ‘
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 475
surface ; patella with one slender basal spine, and 1 long apical spine
on the upper surface; tibia with 1 long basal spine on the upper
surface, and 2 short stout spines on the inner surface about the centre ;
also bearing long white hairs on the outer apical surface ; tarsus as in
figure ; clothed with white hairs, and armed apically with 2 pairs of
stout claw-like spines.
Spinners.—Length of superior spinners about 2 the tibia of the
Ist leg.
Measuwrements.—Length just over 6 mm. ; spinners (apical sezment),
35 mm. in Jength; Ist leg 25 mm., 2nd leg 24-5 mm. in length.
HERSILIA PUNGWENSIS, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 11).
Specimens.—1 3 (No. 15639, Type), Pungwe River, 5 miles 8.E. of
Umtali, Mashonaland (D. L. Patrick, 1901).
Colour.—Browner, and legs more strongly banded than in H. bicornis.
Chelicera brown with black markings on the basal portion. Clypeus
entirely dark with lighter markings around the anterior median eyes
and two white spots in the centre of the border above the mandibles.
Other characters as in H. bicornis.
Spines.—Less numerous than in H. bicornis.
Pedipalps.—Palpal organ as in fig. 11; the large process is stouter
and shorter, and the smaller process oppositely curved to those in
H. bicornis. Tibia with the 2 spines on the inner surface only
moderately stout and with the apices bent over.
Measurements.—Leneth about 6 mm.; 2nd leg 24mm. long. Apical
segment of spinners 38 mim. in length.
A 9 specimen (No. 12509) from Umtali (D. L. Patrick, 1903), may
be the 2 of H. pungwensis.
It differs from H. bicornis in appearance, in its smaller size and
lighter brown colour.
The width of the carapace is subequal to the length, and is also
much greater than the length of the distal segment of the metatarsi
of the Ist or 2nd leg, being equal to the distal segment and to 3-4 of
the tarsus of the 2nd lee.
The total length of the superior spinners slightly exceeds the tibia
of the Ist leg. The vulva has the median portion relatively longer
than H. bicornis, and the lateral, inwardly projecting portions smaller ;
the anterior dark markings are absent, but lateral markings on the
side portions are present.
Both ¢ and 9? specimens are damaged.
476 Annals of the South African Museum.
Gen. TAMA, Sim.
TAMA INCERTA, 0. Sp.
Specimens.—Adult ? (No. 4298, T'ype) from Nieuwoudtville, Bokke-
veld Mts., Calvinia (C. L. Leipoldt, 9/98), and others as below.
Colouwr,— Cephalothorax yellowish- brown, the centre and ocular
tubercle being dark, and the border strongly mottled with black.
Abdomen patterned much as in Hersiliola, though in many cases the
lighter portions are darkened so as to leave crescents at the sides and
centre, and spots, etc., posteriorly, gradations between both phases
occurring. The legs and palpi are light brown and conspicuously
banded with black, especially the 3rd legs. Under surface of body
and coxae testaceous to faint brown; spimners dark brown. Abdomen,
sternum, spinners and legs clothed with sparse, fairly long hairs,
longer on upper surface of abdomen and denser on the legs; the
upper surface of abdomen also has traces of bundles of white bristles
as in Hersiliola. When dry, body, coxae and light bands of legs are
covered with dull white and tawny hairs.
Chelicera.—Leneth equal to depth of clypeus.
Clypeus.—Over 13} times as deep as length of median ocular
quadrangle.
Legs.—Metatarsi uni-articulate; that of the Ist leg equals or
slightly exceeds twice the tarsus and is slightly shorter than the tibia
and metatarsus of the 5rd lee.
Spinners.—With a dark mark on the outer side of basal joint of
superior spinners and a dark mark basally on the upper surface
of apical joint; the latter tapers fairly rapidly to the apex, towards
which it has a slightly annulated appearance ; in length the apical
joint exceeds that of the sternum and labium together. (Sometimes
the spinners are almost as short as in Hersiliola, but the annulated
appearance is always present, and also the tapering and curving of
the apical segment.)
Vulva.—Consists of a somewhat concave dark brown plate sunk
below a projecting rim, which is black and thick at the edges, and
shades to dark brown beyond; the rim is not continued round the
posterior border of the plate.
Measurements.—Largest specimen 9°5 mm. in length; Ist leg 17,
3rd leg 12, and 4th leg 23°5 mm. long. Apical segment of spinners
3 min. long. Length and width of carapace each 4 mim.
Average size 9 mm. long; Ist lee 16 mm., 8rd 11, 4th 20, and
z
apical jomt of super-spinuers 2°5 mm. in length.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. A477
Specimens have also been obtained from the following localities :
? 9 and juv. ¢ (No. B 1633), Beaufort West (Dr. W. F. Purcell,
10/05); 2 sub-adult ? ? (No. 3938), Beaufort West (Dr. W. F.
Purcell, 9/96); 2 2 9 (No. 14250), Touws R. (J. Paynter, 12/04) ;
(No. 3965), Touws R. (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/96); 1 2 and sub-
adult (No. B 2467), Matjesfontein (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 8/03); 1 9 and
juv. (No. 8920), Moordenaars Karroo, Sutherland Div. (J. Meiring,
1900) ; 1 9 and juv. (No. 13698), Prince Albert (R. Broom, 1904) ;
1 2 and juv. (No. 3685), Steinkopf, Namaqualand Div. (W. H. Turle,
1/97); 2 sub-adult ? ? and 1 sub-adult ie. 12862), Laingsburg (Dr.
W. F. Purcell and R. M. Lightfoot); 3 9 ? and 5 juv. (B 1633),
Beaufort West (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 94/10/15). Four ? 2 and 6 juv.
specimens from Matroosberg at an altitude of 3500-4000 ft. (R. W.
Tucker, 15/1/17), offer slight differences from the above description,
in that the median plate of the vulva is smaller, more oval, and
completely surrounded by the dark raised border; the breadth of the
carapace 1s also slightly greater than the length. These differences,
which are also shown in Nos. 13698 and B 2467, do not, however, seem
to be markedly specific.
Fami.y UROCTEIDARE.
Gren. UROCTEA, Dufour.
URocTEA SEPTEMNOTATA, n. sp. (Plate XXIX, fig. 124).
Specimens.—Numerous 2° 2 taken on the Percy Sladen Trust
Expedition to South-West Africa (localities at end) im December,
1915, and January, 1916 (R. W. Tucker, coll.). Types, B 2703.
The specimens, of which 54 were taken, are all 2? 2 ,and range from
juveniles to old adults, and all appear referable to one species. This
has been described as new, though owing to the diagnoses of other
species being based mainly on colour and markings, both U. quinque-
notata (Sim.) and U. schinzi (Sim.) and possibly U. semilimbata
(Sim.) might be represented by various stages and variations in the
specimens to hand. From this material it appears that the testaceous
spots are prominent in the young and tend to disappear in the adults ;
though the range of variation is such that they may be retained in
adult forms, and even reinforced by testaceous flecks until the spots
are linked in an irregular chain. Also almost melanic varieties occur,
the upper abdomen lacking testaceous. spots or flecks ; the opposite
478 Annals of the South African Museum.
likewise obtains, the abdomen being lighter and more testaceous above,
the spots joined together and the under side of the abdomen pale.
The stages represented and presumably explained by the variations
and state of maturity of the specimens are as follows :
Juvenile specimens have the abdomen deep black above and orna-
mented with 7 testaceous spots; 5 are arranged just as in U. quinque-
notata, with the addition of two extra ones between the median laterals
and the terminal central spot. he additional spots may be large,
small, occasionally merged or even absent. The next stages, which
are most plentifully represented, are probably just adult, and the
majority greatly resemble U. schinzi, being distinguished therefrom
by the vulva and sternum. Some, however, retain the 7 spots, dull
and more or less linked when adult; others show 5, 4 and 2 according
to the amount of black pigment present ; all, however, have the same
characters in eyes and vulva, etc., and can hardly be separated
specifically.
The large and old adult stages have often all black abdomens above,
sometimes with a cinereous tinge; others show traces more or less
distinct of the two anterior abdominal spots, which are the largest and
clearest in all stages.
The above are possibly only variations of U. schinzi, but other speci-
meus in the Museum collection, from Little Namaqualand, are lacking
in the brown markings on the vulva, and otherwise agree more closely
with the description of U. schinzi; hence U. septemnotata has been
separated as above.
The variable markings of the abdomen are apparently usual in the
genus, since U. indica (Poc.) recorded from India has occasionally
7 spots.
2. Colour.—Carapace dark brown; sternum pale testaceous with
brown border; coxae brown, being the same colour or lighter than the
border of sternum.
Posterior border of labium and maxillae dark brown (in U. schinzi
the brown border to the sternum is not so prominent, and the coxae
are the same colour as the sternum itself). Abdomen as described
above, and bearing stiff black hairs anteriorly, which curve over
abdomen above cephalothorax.
Legs.—Well clothed with hairs and spines, especially the posterior
pairs; colour as in U. sehinzi, but tending often to be dark mahogany
in shade.
Vulva.Seen in spirits, its characteristic form 1s as in fig. 12a;
exceptions, however, occur in which the 2 lateral marks are closer
together and coalesce, or are joined by a dark band. The specimens
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 479
were taken with other normal ones, and the variations seem due to
the internal arrangement of the vesicula seminalis showing through
the vulval plates in a slightly different fashion.
Measurements.—Length of adults 11-12 mm. Legs vary between
13 and 14 mm. in length.
Localities.—Goas (Nautseras Noab), 5 2? 9; Usib R., 8 km. from
Nomptsas, 7 ? 2; Voigtsgrund, 6 ? 9 and 2 juv.; Maltahohe, 2 ? ?
and juv.; Kabiras, juv. 9; entrance to Bull’s Mouth Pass, 5 ? ?;
T'sais, Bull’s Mouth Pass, 2 9 9 ; Ababis, 3 9 9. S.W. Afric. Prot.
UroctTga QUINQUENOTATA, Sim. (Plate X XIX, fig. 12 8).
1910. U. quinquenotata, Simon, in Schultzes Forsch-reise Zool. Jena,
Vol 10; pe lS. oO:
Specimens—2 9 9 and 1 2 juv. (No. 3865); locality not stated,
but probably Bushmanland.
These specimens agree in markings of abdomen, ete., with descrip-
tion of U. quinquenotata. The sternum is slightly dark edged, and is
unicolorous with the coxae and femora, the latter being light brown
below.
The vulva is distinct, as in fig. 128. Simon gives no figures
of the vulva of guinquenotata, and although the above specimens are
considered to agree with Simon’s description, they may prove to be a
distinct species.
UrRoctTEA SCHINZI, Sim.
1887. U. schinazi, Sim., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6) vol. 7, p. 370. 2.
S935. as Sim., Araign. 2nd ed., vol. 1, p. 451. 9.
NOS ,, Sim., in Sehultzes Forsch.-reise Zool. Jena, vol. 16,
Dulesae ee
Specimens. —4 2? 9, 1 juv. g and ljuv. 2 (No. 3717) from Namies
(Kenhardt Div.), Bushmanland (M. Schlechter, 3/1898).
Compared with U. septenmnotata the 9 9 have the vulval cleft
narrower and the entire genital surface more wrinkled and lacking in
the lateral brown markings ; the juvenile specimens have black abdo-
mens with 5 light conspicuous spots; terminal one angular, and with
2 spots anteriorly and 1 posteriorly to the latter; carapace, legs and
sternum light yellow. They may possibly Le the juveniles of a different
species although they occur with the above, since the abdominal
markings are very distinct.
1 2 (B 711, R. M. Lightfoot, 10/1911) from Jackals’ Water, Little
Namaqualand, shows traces of 7 spots on a cinereous abdomen but
480 Annals of the South African Museum.
has the vulva as in U. sehinzi. 2 2 2 (Nos. 3700 and 3708) from
Naroep, Bushmanland, agree with U. schinzi; also 1 9 (No. 3712)
from Henkries, Bushmanland; and 1 ? (No. 3721) from Eitries,
Bushmanland ; all latter collected by M. Schlechter, 13/98.
Famity CLUBIONIDAH.
SupramMity CORINNINARH.
Gren. CETO, Sim.
CrrTo CURVIPES, n. sp (Plate XXIX, fig. 18 a—p).
Specimens.—One $ (No. B 2742, Type); Gt. Winterhoek Mts.,
Cape, altitude 4200-4700 ft. (R. W. Tucker, 19/11/16).
Colour.—Cephalothorax pale brown, redder anteriorly; legs and
abdomen pale testaceous, latter mfuscated posteriorly around and
above the spinners ; dorsal surface covered with a scutum of the same
colour as the posterior carapace. Sternum very pale brown; coxae
pallid; chelicera dark brown.
Carapace.—Oval, broadest opposite 2nd pair of legs, and gradually
narrowing posteriorly to them, and forming an almost rectangular
ocular portion anterior to the Ist pair of legs. Clypeus narrow, not
as wide as the anterior laterals. Surface moderately convex, glabrous,
but minutely punctate; cephalic portion only very slightly higher
than the thoracic; latter portion sloping shortly but at a moderate
angle posteriorly. Thoracic stria moderately long.
Hyes—¥rom above, the anterior row appears slightly recurved ;
medians: larger than the laterals, and less than $ a diameter apart ;
laterals nearer to medians. Posterior row strongly recurved, and
wider than the anterior row; median eyes slightly more than a
diameter apart, median area nearly as long as wide and _ slightly
wider posteriorly ; posterior lateral equidistant from the medians, and
facing backwards and sideways. Seen from in front the anterior
row appears slightly procurved, and the posterior row straight.
Abdomen. —About the same length as the carapace, and much
narrower; slightly broader posteriorly ; covered with a scutum over
tne entire length dorsally, and with an epigastric scutum ventrally.
Spinners.—Inferior spinners short, and subcylindrical; superior
spinners about equal in size, and slightly more posterior in position.
Sternum.—Marked with a line parallel to the border; smooth,
broad, and shield-shaped ; not produced anteriorly, but extending to
the posterior border of coxa IV; not truncated.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 48]
Labium.—Longer than broad and extending over } way up the coxae
of the pedipalps, which incline inwards slightly over its apex.
Coaxae.—Coxa I longer than coxa IV; coxae of pedipalps with a tuft
of stout hairs apically.
Chelicera.—Stout; fangs moderately long, grooves apparently
muticous.
Palpi.—Femur straight, moderately long ; tibia spined as in fig. 18 B ;
tarsus elongated, surpassing tarsal organ; latter with an external
process as in fig. 18 a. Patella also spined.
Legs.—In order of length 1, 4,2, 3. Tarsus I straight, cylindrical
in shape, and slightly broader anteriorly ; very sparse fine or scopular
hairs, together with a row of numerous small spines down each side
of the under surface; claws very short and hidden by short fascicles.
Metatarsus about 4 longer than the tarsus; no scopula, but with
about 14-15 pairs of small spinules, and 1-2 spines on the under
surface; tibia with 4 long spines on the under surface; patella and
femur muticous. Tarsus and metatarsus II similar to I, but shorter
and with less numerous spinules (10-11 pairs on the metatarsus) ;
tibia with 4-5 strong spines on the anterior border of the under
surface, and 3-4 distally on the posterior border. Tarsus III short
and curved upwards in the centre and hinder portion ; well clothed
with fine to stout bristles on the under surface; claws about as long
as the fascicles, and bearing 1-2 teeth; metatarsus long, about
2; times as long as the tarsus, slightly swollen distally and with
an apical patch of coarse scopular hairs on the under surface; the
metatarsus also appears slightly curved,and bears 1 spime on the anterior
surface and 3 on the lower posterior surface; tibia and femur bear
a few spines. ‘Tarsus [V also curved similar to IIT; bristles on the
lower surface longer; metatarsus very long, about 3 times as long
as the tarsus; also narrowing anteriorly and then slightly swelling
distally, and bearing a small patch of coarse scopula on the under
surface, and 3-4 apical, and 35-4 other spines; tibia also with 3—4.
spines; patella muticous ; femur with 1-2 spines. Femur I is much
shorter than femur LV.
Measurements.—Carapace 2°3 mm. in length. ‘Total length 5 mm.
oS
SupramMity LIOCRANEAR.
Gren. RHAEBOCTESIS, Sin.
The following species of this genus appear related also to the Dras-
sidae, in that the carapace and mouth-parts resemble those of Theuma,
482 Annals of the South African Museum.
the claws those of Anagraphis, whilst the median spinners, as noted by
Simon (Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2nd ed., 1897, p. 136), closely resemble
those of Rebilus.
RHAEBOCTESIS TRINOTATUS, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 7).
Specimens.—1 29 (B5253, Type), Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia (R. W.
Tucker, 4/17). 22 2 (B4486), Florida, Transvaal High Veld (R. W.
Tucker, 12/18).
Colour.—Carapace dark brown; legs slightly lighter; tarsus IV
with median heht band; dorsal surface of abdomen cinereous black,
under surface lighter; sternum median brown, coxae lighter.
Carapace.—Width across the ocular area just over } the greatest
width ; surface clothed with fine dark appressed hairs. Clypeus much
narrower than the diameter of an anterior lateral eye.
Mazwillae—Resembling those of Drassidae, particularly Thewma.
Eyes.—Seen from above the anterior row is straight to slightly
recurved; lateral eyes slightly larger than the medians; medians
almost touching the laterals, but shghtly more distant from each
other. Posterior row straight and wider than the anterior row;
laterals larger than the medians, and about the same size as the
anterior laterals; medians oblaue, pearly, and subaneular, and nearer
to each other than to the laterals.
Median ocular area wider posteriorly and slightly longer than wide.
Sternum.—Broad oval, slightly longer than broad.
Legs—In order of length 4,1, 2,3. Tarsus and metatarus of Ist
lee scopulate to base; also scopular hairs anteriorly on inner side of
the tibia. Tarsus IL scopulate; metatarsus less densely so; meta-
tarsus I with 1 basal spine, IL with 2 basal spines; tarsus III with
scopula of bristly hairs, metatarsus with only a few scopular hairs.
Tarsus IV with a coarser scopula, metatarsus with bristly hairs,
especially anteriorly on the under surface. Tarsi not spined. Posterior
legs more heavily spmed than the anterior.
Pedipalps—Tibia longer than patella; tarsus slender and bearing
apical toothed claw.
Chelicera.—Bearing “ tache basale” ; inferior border of groove with
2 strong teeth, superior border with 3.
Abdomen.—Lung opercula distinct and well marked; also a trace
of a ventral tracheal stigma anterior to the spinners.
Spinners.—As in Text-fig. 142, p. 137, Hist. Nat. des Araign., 2nd ed.
Vulva.—As in figure; 2 distinct lateral cavities and 3 small hooded
pockets.
Measurements.—Carapace 2°75 mim. in length; total length 7 mm.
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna. 483
RHAEBOCTESIS SECUNDUS, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 11 a-s).
Specimens.—2 g g and 2 ? ? (9482, Types), Hanover (S. C. Cron-
wright Schreiner, 9-10/01) ; also 42 9 and 1 @ from the same and
neighbouring localities (id., 10/01—3/02).
2. Colowr.—Carapace medium brown, with darker radiations from
a prominent median stria; cephalic portion slightly darker and redder ;
chelicera reddish-brown; legs, coxae and sternum golden-brown ;
abdomen testaceous.
Carapace.
Width across the posterior row of eyes } the greatest
width ; surface clothed with appressed golden hairs. Clypeus narrower
than the diameter of an anterior lateral eye.
Eyes.—Anterior row straight when seen from in front; shehtly
recurved from above; medians subequal to the laterals and shghtly
nearer to them than to each other. Posterior row much wider than
the anterior and slightly recurved; medians flat, subangular and
nearer to each other than to the laterals. Median ocular area longer
than wide, and scarcely wider posteriorly.
Chelicera.—As in R. trinotatus.
Sternwm.—I1+ times as long as broad.
Legs.—Tarsi and metatarsi I and II densely scopulated ; metatarsus
I with 1 median and 2 basal spines on the under surface ; metatarsus
with the median spine sometimes absent. Metatarsus III with a
scopula of bristly hairs. Metatarsus IV clothed with bristles on the
lower surface, and bearing sparse white plumose hairs on the sides,
especially on a lighter median band.
As in R. trinotatus.
Abdomen.—Ventral tracheal stigmata indistinct; spimners as in
R. trinotatus.
Vulva.—As in fig. 11 a.
Pedipalps.
S$. Colour.—Slightly lighter than the ?.
Width across the posterior row of eyes } the greatest
width ; clypeus less than } the diameter of an anterior lateral eye.
Eyes.—Seen from in front the anterior row is straight; the laterals
are larger than the medians and touching them; medians less than
1 qa diameter apart. Posterior row straight, otherwise as in @.
Median ocular area only very slightly longer than wide and narrower
anteriorly.
Chelicera.—As in 9, but longer and therefore having the teeth more
widely separated.
Sternum.—AS In 9.
Legs.—Tarsus I scopulated, metatarsus scopulate anteriorly and
Carapace.
AR 4. Annals of the South African Museum.
bearing a median and 2 basal long stout spines; similarly with the
tarsus and metatarsus of the 2nd leg, but the metatarsus bears
2 median as well as 2 basal spines. arsi IIT and IV with bristles on
the under surface and each with an anterior to median whitish band ;
all the tarsi are slender, especially [V and I; metatarsus IV 22 times
the length of the tarsus.
Pedipalp.—tTibia slightly longer than the patella, bearing on its
outer surface a median cluster of spiniform bristles and a short curved
apical projection, and on the inner surface 4 long spines and numerous
long stout bristles. Tarsus and palpal organ as in fig. 11 B.
Spinners.—Superior spinners more cylindrical than in the ° ; median
spinners shorter and more slender and not compressed as in the 9;
superior spinners cylindrical but not so stout as the inferiors.
Measurements.—Length of carapace, 9 49mm; ¢ 35 mm. Total
length, ? 12:3 mm., ¢ 76 mm.
RHABEBOCTESIS TRANSVAALENSIS, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 10 a—s).
Specimens.—4 9 Qand 2¢ ¢(B 4487, Types.) Florida, Transvaal,
High Veld (R. W. Tucker, 12/18).
2. Colowr.—Carapace medium brown, redder and darker anteriorly,
and with slight radiate infuscation; legs similar in colour, becoming
darker distally, tarsus with the trace of a pale median band.
Abdomen infuscated dorsally, pale ventrally.
Carapace.—As in R. trinotatus; clypeus less than the radius of an
anterior lateral eye.
Eyes.—As in BR. trinotatus.
Chelicera, pedipalps, etc., also as in R. trinotatus.
Legs —Tarsus I scopulate and spineless; metatarsus scopulate to
the base and bearmg 2 basal spines; tibia with a few scopular hairs
anteriorly ; 2nd leg similar, tibia with fewer scopular hairs. Tarsus IIT
clothed with bristles on the under surface; metatarsus bearing a few
bristles and numerous long spines.
Abdomen, spinners, etc., as in PR. trinotatus.
Vulva, ete., as in fig. 10 a.
&. Colowr.—Slhightly lighter than the °.
Other characters as in the description of the ¢ of R. secundus.
Legs.—Metatarsus I with 2 median and 2 basal spines; 2nd leg
similar ; scopular hairs more bristle-like than in the 9 ; otherwise as
in R. secundus.
Pedipalps.—Tarsus and palpal organ as in fig. 10 B.
Measurements. —Length of carapace 2 39, ¢ 3 mm.; total length
? 94 mm., ¢ 61mm. ‘These specimens and the 2 examples of
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna A485
R. trinotatus taken at the same time and locality strongly resemble the
genus Xerophaeus Fam. Drassidae in their appearance and move-
ments when alive; also they were taken from the same habitat as
specimens of Xerophaeus, from which, at the time, they were
indistineuishable.
VHAEBOCTESIS EXILIS, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 9).
Specimens.—1 ¢ (B 4476, Type), Messina, N. Transvaal (R. W.
Tucker, 12/18).
Jolouwr.—Carapace medium brown with fairly strong infuscated
mottling, especially laterally ; legs lighter in colour, strongly infus-
cated proximally, and becoming slightly redder distally. Abdomen
ereyish-black on the dorsal surface; ventral surface pale with bright
brown epiginal plate.
Carapace, eyes, etc., as in BR. secundus; eyes differ slightly in that
anterior row is somewhat procurved, and median ocular area is
noticeably longer than wide.
Mavillae.—Stronely resembling those of Drassidae; oblique impres-
sion, however, does not reach to the outer border.
Legs.—Tarsus I lightly scopulate ; metatarsus I with scopular hairs
anteriorly, and with 1-2 median and 2 basal spines ; 2nd lee similar,
with 0-2 median and 2 basal spmes. ‘Tarsus IIT bearing bristles on
the under surface ; no median white band present. Fourth legs missing.
Pedipalps.—Tibial spine short, stout, and curved upwards and
inwards. Palpal organ as in fig. 9.
Measurements.—Carapace 2°8 mi. in length; total length 5°5 mm.
RHAEBOCTESIS MATROOSBERGENSIS, n. sp. (Plate XXVIII, fig. 8).
Specimens—1 9 (B 8456, Type), Matroosberg Mts., C.P., 5000-—
6000 ft. (R. W. Tucker, 11/17).
Colour.—Carapace light brown, darker anteriorly ; chelicera reddish-
brown ; legs light brown. Abdomen dull grey dorsally and ventrally
sternum light brown, dark edged.
Hyes.—F¥ ont row straight to recurved ; medians about a diameter
apart, but less so from the larger laterals. Posterior row very slightly
recurved, medians angular and subequal to the laterals ; laterals sub-
equal to the anterior laterals. Clypeus not exceeding the diameter of
an anterior median eye.
Chelicera.—As in R. trinotatus.
Legs.—Metatarsus I scopulate laterally almost to the base, and with
2 median and 2 basal spines on the under surface; tibia with no
4.86 Annals of the South African Museum.
scopular hairs, 2 median and 1 basal spines. Metatarsus IV bearing
bristles in place of scopular hairs, and with the usual pale band
centrally.
Vulva.—As in figure.
Measurements. —Leneth of carapace 4 mm. ; total length 10 mm.
CORRECTIONS.
In the paper on South African Arachnida (1), Ann. 8S. African
Museum, vol. 17, pt. 2, the following alterations in specific names
should be made :
Moggridgea latus, n. sp., p. 81, to M. lata.
Hermacha fulvus, n. sp., p. 109, to H. fulva.
Hermacha nigrispinosis, n. sp., p. 112, to H. nigrispinosa.
The type of Hermacha purcelli, n. sp., p. 114, should be No. B 2610
instead of B 2670, and that of H. nigrispinosa, p. 112, B 2983 instead
of B 2595.
The specimens identified as Thelechoris australis (p. 120) are now
Allothele caffer (p. 442) ; also in the description of the same (p. 120,
line 25) read “ procurved” for ‘‘ recurved.”
Also on p. 126, line 3, read form (c) for form (e).
Contributions to the South African Arachnid Fauna.
Adonea .
Allothele
auricula (Diores) .
australis (Hersiliola)
australis (Allothele)
australis (‘Thelechoris) .
B
BARYCHELIDAE
bicornis (Hersilia)
bifurcata (Diores)
eaffer (Allothele) .
capensis (Diores) .
cassetti (Ischnothele)
Ceto : :
CLUBIONIDAE .
colsoni (Dresserus)
CTENIZIDAE
curvipes (Ceto)
D
depressus (Hresus)
deserticola eee
Diores :
Diplothele
DIPLURIDAE
Dresserus
druryi (Diores)
E
echinatus (Eresus)
ERESIDAE .
Eresus
exilis (Rhaeboctesis)
fumosus (Hresus)
H
Hermacha
Hersilia
HERSILIIDAE
Hersiliola
Idiops :
incerta (‘T'ama)
Ischnothele
jonesi (Diores)
INDEX.
PAGE K
. 451 | kannemeyeri (Dresserus)
. A772 | lata (Moveridgea)
- 441, 486 M
macequece (Diplothele)
PAGE
. 454
matroosbergensis (Rhaeboctesis) .
440 Mogeridgea .
. 478 N
. 460 | namaquensis (Eresus) .
nigellus (Dresserus)
nigrispinosa (Hermacha)
: 463 12
. 444 | parva (Adonea)
. 480 | poweri (Diores)
. 480 | pullus (Idiops)
. 453 | pungwensis (Hersilia) .
. 489 | purcelli (Eresus) .
. 480 | purcelli (Hermacha)
. 445 | quinquenotata (Uroctea)
. 452
. 459 R
. 440 | Rhaeboctesis
. 441
. 453 Ss
_ 464 | salisburyensis (Diores) .
schinzi (Uroctea)
schreineri (Dresserus) .
_ 447 | secundus (Rhaeboctesis)
| septemnotata (Uroctea)
_ 445 | sevicatus (Dresserus)
_ 485 | setosus (Diores)
e
ee
or
Stegodyphus
a
48) Tama.
teretis (Allothele)
486 Thelechoris .
473 transvaalensis (Rhaeboctesis)
472 trinotatus (Rhaeboctesis)
. 472 U
Uroctea
_ 439 UROCTEIDAE
. 476 V
. ddd | variegata (Adonea)
. 464 | ZODARITDAE
36
. 481
. 468
. 479
457
453
_ ATT
. 459
. 470
. 452
. 476
. 442
Vaan,
4.86
. 454
. 482
ATT
. ATT
. 461
488 Annals of the South African Museum.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES XXVIII ann XXIX.
PLATE XXVIII.
FIG.
1.—Allothele teretis,n. sp. A ands. Pedipalp and papal organ of g. c. Tibia
and metatarsus of 2nd leg of g.
2.—Adonea parva, n. sp. Palp of 3, ventral surface.
3.—Diores auricula, n. sp. Vulva of 9.
4.—Diores druryi,n. sp. Vulva of 2.
5.—Diores capensis, n. sp. Palp of ¢, ventral surface.
6.—Diores jonesi, n. sp. A. Vulva of 2. B. Palp of g, ventral surface.
7.—Rhaeboctesis trinotatus, n. sp. Vulva of 9.
8.—Rhaeboctesis matroosbergensis, nu. sp. Vulva of °.
9.—Rhaeboctesis exilis,n. sp. Palp of g from ventral surface.
10.—Rhaeboctesis transvaalensis,n. sp. A. Vulva?. B. Palp g.
11.—Rhaeboctesis secundus,n. sp. Aa. Vulva?. B. Palp 2.
PLATE XXIX.
FIG.
1.—Eresus purcelli,n. sp. Vulva of 2.
2.—Eresus depressus, n. sp. A. Vulva of 9. B. Profile of 2 carapace. c.
Ditto, E. funosus.
3.—Eresus fumosus. Palp of g, ventral surface.
4.—Dresserus colsoni,n. sp. Vulva of ¢.
5.—Dresserus kannemeyeri,n.sp. A. Palp of ¢, ventralsurface. s. Cribellum
3d. oc. Vulva of 9.
6.—Dresserus nigellus, u. sp. Vulva of 9.
7.—Dresserus schreineri, n. sp. A. Palp of ¢, ventral surface. 3. Profile of
g carapace. co. Ditto of D. kannemeyeri.
8.—Dresserus sericatus,n. sp. Vulva of 2.
9.—Hersiliola australis. Palp of g, lateral view of under surface.
10.—Hersilia bicornis,n. sp. A. Vulvaof 2. B. Palp of 7, lateral view.
11.—Hersilia pungwensis, n. sp. Palp of g, lateral view.
12a.—Uroctea septemnotata,n. sp. Vulva of 9°.
128.—Uroctea quinquenotata,n. sp. Vulva of @.
13.—Diores bifurcata,n. sp. A. Eyes. 3B. Vulva of 9. oc. Tibia of ¢ palp.
p. Palp of g, lateral ventral view. &. Chelicera and anterior carapace.
14.—Diores poweri, n. sp. A. Mouth parts. Bs. Fang of chelicera. c. Eyes.
pv. Vulva of 9. ‘
15.—Diores salisburyensis,n. sp. A. Palp of g, ventral view. B. Ditto, dorsal
view.
16.—Diores salisburyensis, n. sp. Vulva of §.
17.—Diores setosus,n. sp. Vulva of 9.
18.—Ceto curvipes,n. sp. A. Palp of g, ventral view. xs. Patella and tibia of
3 palp.
Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII. Plate XX VITT.
R. W. T. del. Adlard § Son g& West Newman, Ltd.
Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. XVII. | Plate XXIX,
R.W. T. del. Adlard 4 Son & West Newman, Ltd.
( 489 )
13.—On Some New Species and others of Fossorial Hymenoptera
in the South African Musewm.*—By Rowuianp EH. TURNER,
HZ:S., ELE:S,
Faminy SCOLIIDAE.
Supramity HLIDINALR.
BRAUNSOMERIA PERINGUEYI, Sp. 0.
g. Niger, mandibulis, clypeo basi nigro, tuberculis antennalibus,
macula frontali sub ocello antico, macula parva inter ocellos posticos,
vertice linea transversa mediana, orbitis internis externisque oculorum
fasciis ad verticem continuatis, pronoto macula utrinque antice, fasciaque
continua postice, mesonoto macula mediana, scutello fascia interrupta,
mesopleuris antice linea verticali,, postscutello, tergitis 2-6, sterni-
tisque 2-6 fascia lata apicali macula migro utrinque includente, seg-
mento primo dorsali fascia lata apicali, segmento ventrali septimo,
femoribus subtus et apice, tibis anticis intermediisque, tibiis posticis
basi tarsisque basi flavis; flagello articulis 8 apicalibus brunneo-ferru-
gineis ; alis hyalinis, stigmate venisque ferrugineis.
Long. 10 mm.
d@. Antennae nearly as long as the thorax and abdomen combined ;
first jot of the flagellum almost hidden in the apex of the scape; the
third about half as long again as the second; the antennal tubercles
prominent. Head subquadrate ; deeply punctured ; eyes oval, separated
from the hind margin of the head by a distance equal to their own
breadth, not emarginate. Posterior ocelli much further from the hind
margin of the head than from each other. Clypeus short, subconcave,
the anterior margin broadly truncate. Thorax rather strongly punc-
tured ; pronotum as long as the mesonotum, a little narrowed anteriorly,
the anterior margin straight. Median segment closely punctured, the
sides of the segment clothed sparsely with white hairs. Abdomen
smooth and shining ; first segment with a very short petiole, obliquely
truncate anteriorly above the petiole, the dorsal surface behind the
truncation shorter than the second segment and slightly constricted at
the apex; the abdomen slightly narrowed from the middle to the
extremities. Aculeus of the hypopygium recurved and fairly long, the
emargination of the seventh tergite narrow and fairly deep. Radial
* The types of the new species are in the South African Museum.
Oo”
490 Annals of the South African Museum.
cell very short, the costal margin beyond the stigma no longer than
the first abscissa of the radius. Only two cubital cells; the second
long on the cubitus but very short on the radius, the second abscissa
of the radius equal to the first. Second cubital cell receiving the first
recurrent nervure just before one-third from the base, the second at
the extreme apex.
Hab. O’okiep, Namaqualand, November, 1885 (L. Péringuey).
This is a much larger species than B. quadraticeps Turn., the only
other known male of the genus. It differs also in only having two
cubital cells, the second transverse cubital nervure having become
obsolete. It is possible that this may be the male of B. mutilloides
Turn.
BRAUNSOMERIA COGNATA, Sp. NL.
3. Closely resembles B. peringweyi described above, but differs in
the shorter antennae, which are searcely longer than the abdomen, the
third joint of the flagellum being distinctly less than half as long
again as the second; the radial cell is shorter, its length on the costa
being much less than the length of the first abscissa of the radius,
extending on the costa very’ little beyond the stigma; the second
abscissa of the radius is also very short—much shorter than the first ;
the yellow colour on the head and pronotum is more extensive and the
legs are almost entirely yellow. The stigma is very pale yellow.
Long. 8 mm.
Hab. Junction of Marico and Crocodile Rivers, Transvaal. (R. W. E.
Tucker.)
Supramity ANTHOBOSCINAE.
Genus ANTHOBOSCA Grier.
ANTHOBOSCA FLAGELLARIA, Sp. 0.
g. Niger; clypeo, mandibulis macula basali, orbitis internis anguste
dimidio inferiore, vertice macula parva supra oculos, pronoto fascia
interrupta postice, tegulis basi, femoribus apice extremo, tibus supra
tarsisque pallidissime flavis; tegulis apice testaceis; alis hyalinis,
venls nigris.
Long. 9 mm.
do. Clypeus small, very sparsely punctured, the apical margin with
a sparse fringe of long whitish hairs; head finely and very closely
punctured ; antennae short and very stout, shorter than the thorax and
median segment combined, the two basal joints of the flagellum very
short, much broader than long, joints 3-8 nearly as broad as long, the
Some New Species and others of Fossorial Hymenoptera. 491
four apical joints tapering, distinctly longer than broad. Thorax and
median segment finely and closely punctured; abdomen finely
shagreened ; first tergite scarcely longer than its apical breadth ;
second tergite almost as long as the first, as broad at the apex as
long ; seventh tergite small, coarsely punctured ; hypopygium rounded
at the apex. Second abscissa of the radius shorter than the
first, less than one-third the length of the third; first transverse
cubital nervure strongly oblique, sharply elbowed near the cubitus ;
second and third transverse cubital nervures straight, almost at rght
angles with the cubitus. First recurrent nervure received just before
two-thirds from the base of the second cubital cell, second a little
beyond one-third from the base of the third cubital cell. Hind tibiae
distinctly serrate.
Hab. M’fongosi, Zululand (W. H. Jones), May, 1917.
Very near A. rufocaudata Turn., but differs in the much stouter
antennae, in the greater proportionate length of the basal tergites
compared with their breadth, and in the much greater extent of the
os
ss.
yellow colour on the le
-Famty PSAMMOCHARIDAE.
Genus BATOZONUS
492 Annals of the South African Museum.
the third cubital cell. Cubitus of the hind wing originating very
shortly before the transverse median nervure.
Hab. Durban, Natal (W. Heygarth), April, 1913.
This is very near B. gowdeyi Turn., from Uganda, but differs in the
colour of the legs and antennae and in the presence of a distinct
sulcus on the median segment. The second cubital cell is very much
longer than in capensis Dahlb. (vindex Sm.), and the position of the
second recurrent nervure is different.
Genus ANOPLIUS Lepell.
ANOPLIUS INSIDIOSUS, Sm.
Pompilus insidiosus Sm., Descr. new spec. Hymen. p. 1438, 1879, 9.
Anoplius rhodesianus Bisch., Arch. f. Naturges. A 3, p. 60,1918, 2 2g.
Genus HEMIPEPSIS Dahlb.
HEMIPEPSIS TAMISIERI, Guc¢r.
Pompilus tamisieri Guérin, Lefebure: Voy. Abyssinie, vi, p. 356, 1848.
Mygnimia distanti Saussure, Distant: Natural. Transvaal, p. 220,
1892; 0°
I have no doubt that distanti is a synonym, though I have not seen
the species from as far south as Pretoria. It occurs in South
Rhodesia and throughout East Africa.
SUPERFAMILY SPHECOIDEA.
SuBFAMILY STIZINARE.
Genus STIZUS, Latr.
STIZUS FRANZI, Turn.
Stizus neavei Kohl, Rev. Zool. African. ii, p. 208, 1913 (nec Turner,
1912).
Stizus franzi Turn., Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvii, p. 448, 1916.
Stizus congoensis Mant., Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 3*, vii,
p: 076; 19ir7.
A specimen in the South African Museum has the fore wings flavo-
hyaline from the base to the basal nervure, thence fusco-hyaline to
the apex of the third cubital cell, the extreme apical margin almost
hyaline. The front is entirely black except the inner orbits and the
base of the clypeus is also black. There do not seem to be any
structural differences in the single female specimen in the collection,
so I treat it as merely a colour variety.
Hab. Stellenbosch (L. Péringuey), January, 1888.
Some New Species and others of Fossorial Hymenoptera. 493
Suspramity ARPACTINAE.
Genus AMMATOMUS Cost.
AMMATOMUS ELONGATULUS, Sp. 0.
gS. Niger; clypeo, scapo subtus, fronte sub antennis, pronoto
margine postico angustissime, postscutello linea transversa, segmento
dorsali primo macula apicali utrinque, segmentis dorsalibus 2-4 fascia
angusta apicali in medio angustissime interrupta, tarsisque posticis,
articulis apice extremo nigris, pallide flavis ; tegulis. callis humeralibus,
trochanteribus, femoribus subtus, tibus tarsisque posticis et inter-
medus brunneo-testaceis ; alis hyalinis, venis nigris.
Long. 8 mm.
¢. Eyes strongly convergent towards the clypeus, at the base of
which they are separated by a distance not quite equal to the length
of the scape. Antennae strongly clavate, the five apical joints at least
as broad as long; second joint of the flagellum a little longer than the
third and fourth combined. Posterior ocelli fully three times as far
from each other as from the eyes. Front and vertex subopaque,
sparsely, but rather strongly punctured; thorax coarsely, but not
very closely punctured ; the punctures on the dorsal surface and sides
of the median segment smaller and more scattered; the triangular
dorsal area of the median segment bounded by rather indistinct
furrows. Abdomen more sparsely and finely punctured than the
thorax, more finely and much more sparsely on the two basal tergites
than elsewhere; first tergite very narrow, forming a petiole, not
broadened to the apex, the sides almost parallel, longer than the
second tergite, which is about six times as broad at the apex as the
first; tergites 3-5 with a very sparse apical fringe of very short stiff
hairs. Seventh tergite opaque, almost smooth. Hind tarsi very long
and slender. Second abscissa of the radius nearly twice as long as
the first, more than half as long as the third, and distinctly longer
than the distance between the recurrent nervures on the cubitus.
Hab. M’fongosi, Zululand (W. EF. Jones), February, 1917. Another
specimen from Insiza, 8. Rhodesia. Easily distinguished from
spiniferus Buyss. and africanus Turn. by the very slender petiole,
and by the coarser sculpture of the thorax. A. spiniferusand africanus
are very close to each other, and in 1915 (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 8,
xvi, p. 287) I sank africanus as a synonyn. But Du Buysson states
that the second tergite is only half as broad again at the apex as the
first, whereas in africanus it is three times as broad, so that the two
can scarcely be identical.
494. Annals of the South African Museum.
Genus ARPACTUS Turn.
ARPACTUS (EUSPONGUS) JONESI, Sp. 0.
g. Ferrugineus; capite, mesonoto in medio, scutello, postscutello,
segmentoque mediano area basali nigris; mandibulis basi, clypeo,
fronte sub antennis, orbitis internis dimidio inferiore, scapo subtus,
pronoto margine postico, callis humeralibus, scutello linea transversa
apicali, postscutello linea transversa, segmentis dorsalibus duobus
basalibus fascia angusta apicali, quarto apice, quinto sextoque, femori-
bus anticis intermediisque subtus, tarsisque anticis imtermediisque
supra flavis; capite, pleuris, segmentisque dorsalibus 3-5 flavo-brunneo
pubescentibus; alis hyalinis, venis nigris, stigmate testaceo.
Long. 9 mm.
d. Eyes rather strongly convergent towards the clypeus, separated
at the base of the clypeus by a distance equal to rather less than
twice the length of the scape. Antennae short and rather stout,
shorter than the thorax and median segment combined, not clavate ;
the second joint of the flagellum equal to the third. Posterior ocelli
further from each other than from the eyes. _Mesonotum microscopi-
cally punctured, with four short delicate impressed lines from the
anterior margin not reaching the middle; a deep, transverse, strongly
crenulated groove at the base of the scutellum. Median segment
rugulose ; the triangular basal area large, well defined, very coarsely
longitudinally striated. Abdomen almost smooth; the first tergite
very slender, twice as broad at the apex as at the base, longer than
the second tergite, the latter fully three times as broad at the apex as
the first; seventh tergite almost smooth. Second abscissa of the
radius equal to the first or a little shorter, the third nearly four times
as long as the second. Cubitus of the hind wing originating a little
before the transverse median nervure. Fore tarsi without spines,
hind tibiae unarmed.
Hab. M’fongosi, Zululand (W. E. Jones), February, 1917.
This is nearly allied in structure to the European A. dissectus Panz.,
but has a longer and narrower petiole. I consider that the name
Arpactus Jurine should be used instead of Gorytes. No other species
of the subgenus Euspongus has been recorded from South Africa.
Type in South African Museum. Co-type in B.M.
Arpactus (LESTIPHORUS) KRAEPELINI, Brauns.
Gorytes kraepelini Brauns, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien. xui, p. 421,
Mesto} she Oe
One female in the South African Museum.
Hab. Dunbrody, March, 1912.
Some New Species and others of Fossorial Hymenoptera. 495
Susramiry NYSSONINAE.
Genus NYSSON L[atr.
NyssoN LUDOVICI, sp. 0.
S$. Niger; mandibulis basi, clypeo dimidio apicali obscure,
antennis, pronoto margine postico, callis humeralibus, tegulis, pedi-
busque, coxis exceptis, ferrugineis ; vertice puncto utrinque, segmenti
mediani spinis apicalibus, tergito primo macula magna utrinque ;
tergitisque 2-5 fascia apicali flavis; segmentis sexto septimoque
ferrugineis ; alis fusco-hyalinis, venis nigris.
2. Mari simillima, tergitis tertio quartoque fere omnino flavis,
secundo margine extremo, quinto lateribus flavis, fascia apicali obso-
leta ; antennis dimidio apicali infuscatis.
Long. ¢ ?, 10 mm.
¢. Eyes convergent towards the clypeus, but not quite as strongly
so as in capensis Handl., separated at the base of the clypeus by a
distance slightly exceeding twice the length of the scape ; the anterior
margin of the clypeus straight. Front and clypeus covered with
silvery pubescence, the head rugosely punctured, more coarsely on the
front than on the vertex, a median longitudinal carina reaching from
the base of the antennae half-way to the anterior ocellus ; posterior
ocelli nearly twice as far from the eyes as from each other. Hind
margin of the pronotum level with the mesonotum, almost transverse.
Mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum and mesopleurae rugose; the
basal area of the median segment shining, with eight longitudinal
carinae, the sides of the segment reticulate, the spines at the apical
angles long and acute. The two basal tergites rather sparsely, but
not very finely punctured; tergites 3-6 opaque, microscopically and
closely punctured, the sixth tergite with marginal lateral carinae on
the apical half; seventh tergite granulate, the lateral margins raised
forming carinae, which are prolonged into a short blunt spine at each
of the apical angles ; the apical margin between the spines transverse,
thus differing from capensis, in which there is a rounded process between
the spines. Sternites 2-5 with a fringe of long pale hairs in the
middle of the apical margin.
2. The second sternite is rounded at the base, not forming an
angle. In both sexes the cubitus of the hind wing originates far
beyond the transverse median nervure.
Hab. M’fongosi, Zululand (W. H. Jones), April, 1916.
Very near capensis Handl., but differs in the seventh tergite of the
male, and in the somewhat broader face, which is due to the lesser
convergence of the eyes. The yellow colour on the tergites is also
496 Annals of the South African Museum.
somewhat differently distributed, and the frontal carina is more
strongly elevated.
Supramity LARRINAE.
Genus NOTOGONIA Cost.
NovroGoNIA DENTICULATA, sp. 0.
Q?. Nigra; palpis brunneis ; mandibulis fusco-ferrugineis, apice
nigris; femoribus tibiisque ferrugineis ; tarsis calearibusque fuscis
tergitis tribus basalibus fascia obscura apicali albido-sericea ; alis sub-
hyalinis, apice late fusco-hyalinis, venis fuscis ; unguiculis in medio
denticulatis.
Long. 1] mm.
Q. Clypeus and face clothed with short silver pubescence ;
clypeus short, the anterior margin almost transverse and narrowly
depressed. Second joint of flagellum a little longer than the third ;
eyes separated on the vertex by a distance equal to the length of the
second joint of the flagellum. Pronotum not reaching the level of the
mesonotum ; median segment slightly convex on the dorsal surface,
opaque, finely and indistinctly transversely striated, much longer than
broad, the posterior truncation almost vertical, with a median longi-
tudinal sulcus, the sides transversely striated, the striae obsolete in
the middle and at the apex, the sides of the segment opaque and
smooth, with delicate oblique striae in front. Sixth tergite sub-
triangular, the sides distinctly longer than the base, very narrowly
rounded at the apex and clothed with sparse pale fulvous setae; the
surface beneath the setae rather deeply punctured. Comb of the
anterior tarsi not very long, the metatarsus with four spines. Inner
spine of the hind calearia equal to three-quarters of the length of the
hind metatarsus. Tarsal ungues with a small tooth close to the
middle. Second abscissa of the radius very short, not half as long as
the third ; radial cell rather narrowly truncate at the apex.
Hab. Stella Bush, Durban, Natal (Marley), November, 1914—
January, 1915.
This can be easily distinguished from the numerous Ethiopian
species with similar coloration by the tooth on the tarsal ungues.
This is doubtless a sexual character in this species as in N. croesus Sm.
The distance between the recurrent nervures on the cubitus differs
individually.
NOTOGONIA CILIATA, Sm.
Larrada ciliata Sm., Cat. Hym. B.M. iv, p. 283, 1856, ©.
The eyes are far apart on the vertex, separated by a distance exceed-
Some New Species and others of Fossorial Hymenoptera. 497
ing the length of the two basal joints of the flagellum; the spines of
the fore tarsi are long and spathulate, the metatarsus with four long
spines and a short acute basal one; inner spine of the hind calearia
almost as long as the hind metatarsus. Median segment slightly
convex, the transverse striation of the dorsal surface delicate, subobso-
lete in the middle; sixth tergite broadly rounded at the apex. Second
abscissa of the radius very short, the first almost as long as the third.
Radial cell short, broadly obliquely truncate at the apex; third cubital
cell less than half as long again on the cubitus as on the radius.
Hab. Cape Town (ZL. Péringuey), March, 1915; Spectakel,
Namaqualand, November.
INDEX.
PAGE PAGE
A J
Ammatomus . 493 | jonesi (Arpactus) . . 494.
Anoplus 492
Anthobosea 490 K
Anthoboscinae 490 kraepelini (Arpactus) 494,
Arpactinae 493
Arpactus 494. 10;
B Larrinae . . 496
ludovici (Nysson) . 495
Batozonus 491 (Nyeeen)
Braunsomeria 489 M
re mutatus (Batozonus) 491
|
ciliata (Notogonia) 496 | N
cognata (Braunsomeria ) 490 nae 492
congoensis 4.92 Notogonia 496
D | Nysson . 4.95
| Nyssoninae 4.95
denticulata (Notogonia) 496 | y
distant . ; 492 | P
|
E | peringueyi (Braunsomeria) . 489
| PSAMMOCHARIDAE 491
Elidinae : : : 489 |
elongatulus (Ammatomus) . 493 =
v
EF rhodesianus 492
flagellaria (Anthobosca) 490 :
franzi (Stizus) 492 | s
Srann 492 | ScoLimIpAE 489
SPHECOIDEA . 4.92
H Stizinae 492
Hemipepsis 492 | Stizus 492
I Ab
insidiosus (Anoplius) 492 | tamisieri (Hemipepsis) . 492
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( 499 )
14.—New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa
(Ephemerida, Megaloptera and Embiidina).—By T. Espen-
PETERSEN.
KPHEMERIDA.
Gren. ATALOPHLEBIA, Fat.
ATALOPHLEBIA PELLUCIDULA n. sp. (Figs. 1 and 2.)
3. Imago. Head and eyes blackish. Thorax castaneous with a
longitudinal median streak behind and with yellowish streaks on the
Fie. 1—Atalophlebia pellucidula, g. Forewing.
sides. Abdomen whitish, pellucid; the segments with narrow
blackish hind borders ; sixth segment also with some small dark brown
spots near the front margin; seventh segment with two larger brown
spots near the front margin, each enclosing a whitish spot; in the
eighth segment the front half is dark brown with two very small
whitish spots close to the front margin; ninth segment almost com-
plete dark brown above. Venter whitish; the terminal segment
somewhat brownish and reddish yellow at apex. Forceps greyish
white. Setae pale yellowish brown and brownish annulated. Legs
pale yellowish brown. . Femora with a narrow and indistinct brownish
band at base, a broad blackish one in the middle and at the tip.
Length of tarsal joint of intermediate and hind tibiae as in Af.
tabularis (Eaton, Monogr. Rec. Eph., pl. x, fig. 16h).
39
500 Annals of the South African Museum.
Wings hyaline with a faint yellowish tinge, especially in the ptero-
stigmatical area. Nervature blackish brown. In the forewing 6-8
cross-veins from base to the bulla ; between the bulla and the ptero-
stigma 4-5 cross-veins. The penis of the male is not cleft at the
tip (as far as I can see).
2. Subimago. Body almost coloured as in the imaginal stage,
but of a more dull appearance. Femora also dark-banded. Wings
with blackish-brown nervures.
¢. Length of forewing 18 mm., that of setae 29mm.; ? Length
of forewing 14 mm.
Fig. 2.—Atalophlebia pellucidula, 3. Forceps and penis, seen from below.
Three male specimens (imagines) and one female specimen (sub-
imago) at Gt. Winterhoek (Tulbagh leg.), 4800 ft., 1916. Six well-
defined cross-veins and in the pterostigmatic area about thirteen
strongly curved and anastomosed.
Length of body and forceps 13 mm.; forewing 12 mm.; setae
17 mm.
Three male specimens, Ceres, Cape, April, 1913 (Lightfoot leg.).
ATALOPHLEBIA TABULARIS, Eat. (Figs. 3 and 4.)
Atalophlebia tabularis, Eaton, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., p. 91, pl. x,
16 h, 1888,
With some hesitation I refer three specimens to this species, the
description of which was made from a single specimen (¢), kept in
aleohol. The specimens before me are much darker, probably due to
New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa. 501
the fact that they are in a dried condition. I give below a description
of the specimens.
Head and upper part of eyes black, lower part of eyes black brown.
Thorax above shining, jet black, below and on the sides black. Abdo-
men dorsally dark pitchy brown with paler irregular spots; the
three terminal segments above darker and without pale spots. The
venter pale brown, darker at the apex. Forceps pitchy brown. Setae
pale brown. Legs dark brown; femora black at the knees. Wings
hyaline with a faint yellowish tinge, which is very strong in the
pterostigmatic area and at the base of costa, subcosta and radius in
the forewing. The nervature dark brown. In the costal area of
forewing are present ten weak cross-veins before the bulla, between
the bulla and the pterostigma.
aA
Frias. 3 and 4.—Atalophlebia tabularis, g. a, Analappendages of male, seen
from below; b, anal part of forewing.
Gen. TRICHORYTHUS, Eat.
TRICHORYTHUS, Sp.
One female—specimen (subimago) collected at Smithfield, Orange
Free State, 1909 (Kannemeyer leg.).
The specimen cannot be referred to discolor, Burm., and hardly to
varicauda, Koll., from Upper Egypt.
I give a short description of the specimen.
Head and eyes black; head pale behind the eyes. Thorax greyish
brown with black spot along the front and the lateral margins.
Abdomen above blackish grey with pale annulations. Thorax and
abdomen below yellowish white. Setae white. Middle and hind-
legs yellowish white (fore legs lost). Wings lacteus. Costa and
especially subcosta and radius dark grey.
Length of body 5°5 mm.; of wing 10 mm.
Egg mass yellowish brown.
502 Annals of the South African Museum.
Gen. CLOEON, Leach.
CLOEON AFRICANUM, Hsb.-Peters.
Esben-Petersen, Ann. South Afr. Mus., vol. x, p. 184, 1913.
One male, Kimberley, 1912 (Power leg.), and one female, Ceres,
April, 1913 (Lightfoot leg.).
I refer the female to this species. It is smaller than the male; the
thorax is brown with a paler longitudinal median streak. The dark
annulations at the setal joints are broader than in the male.
MEGALOPTERA.
SIULIDAE.
LEPTOSIALIS, n. gen.
No ocelli (three very small tubercles are visible in front of the head).
Antennae rather pilose. Labrum four times broader than long, with
rounded lateral margins and with slightly emarginated front margin.
Prothorax twice as broad as long. Wings long and rather narrow.
The neuration is not so distinct as in Sialis. The costal area of fore-
wing is slightly broadened and only in the basal third part. The
cross-veins in the costal area are obliquely directed towards the sub-
costa. The subcostal area without cross-veins. The radial area
with four cross-veins in the forewing, three in the hindwing. The
first branch from Rs not forked. In the forewing M fuses with Cw’
for a short distance, and it forks one third out from base of wing;
in the hindwing it forks two thirds out from base. Cu and 2A
fork im both pair of wings near base. Fourth tarsal joint bilobed.
Genotype: Leptosialis africana, n. sp. (Fig. 5.)
This interesting genus, only known from South Africa, is nearer allied
to the American genus Protosialis than to the palaearctic-nearctic genus
Stalis, but its broad labrum and its elongated wings offer good and
distinct generic characters. It is the first genus of the Sialinae found
in Africa.
LEPTOSIALIS AFRICANA, 0. Sp.
Head, thorax and abdomen black. Lateral margins of labrum
greyish yellow. Head with small tubercles and several longitudinal
striae, but without smooth spots or markings as in the species of
Stalis. Legs yellowish brown; hind femora a little darker in their
middle. Third, fourth and fifth tarsal joint almost dark brown.
Membrane of wings sooty brown; the proximal half part darker than
New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa. 503
the distal part. Nervature darker than the membrane. The basal
cross-vein in the costal area vertical, directed towards the subcosta ; all
the other cross-veins more or less obliquely directed. The four cross-
veins in the radial very dark and conspicuous; the other cross-veins
mostly darker than the longitudinal nervures.
Length of body 8 mm., of forewing 12 mm., of hindwing 10°5 mm.
One male specimen, Gt. Winterhoek Mountain at an altitude of
4300 ft., November, 1916, Tulbagh, Cape.
Fie. 5.—Fore- and hindwing of Leptosialis africana.
EMBIIDINA.
Gun. HAPLOEMBIA.
HAPLOEMBIA CAPENSIS n. sp. (Figs. 6 and 7.)
¢. Wingless. Head brownish black, somewhat narrowed behind,
with almost straight lateral margins and rounded hind angles; it is
about 1+ times as long as broad. Eyes rather small and inconspicuous.
Clypeus and labrum yellowish brown in some specimens, dark brown
with pale margins in others. Mandibles, except their tip, palpi and
antennae, yellowish brown. Antennae 12—19-jointed ; the basal joint
brownish black, robust, about twice as long as broad; the second
joint much smaller than the first and as long as broad; the third
joint as broad as the second, but as long as the first; the following
joints longer than broad and increasing in length towards the apex of
the antennae. The antennae with yellowish pilosity. Prothorax
about half as broad as the head, brownish black, almost quadrangular,
504 Annals of the South African Museum.
with slightly rounded front angles and emarginate lateral margins.
A somewhat curved transverse furrow one fourth from the front.
margin. An inconspicuous longitudinal median furrow from the
Fie. 6.—Haploembia capensis, . Anal appendages, dorsal view.
transverse furrow to the hind margin. Meso- and metathorax and
abdomen blackish brown; abdomen in some specimens a little paler.
Cerci yellowish brown. Legs brown; intermediate and hind tarsi
Fie. 7.—Haploembia capensis, 6. Hind tarsus.
yellowish. Basal joint of hind tarsi with two cupules on the under-
side. Body and legs with short yellowish pilosity.
2. Wingless, robust. Head only a little longer than broad, with
strongly rounded lateral margins and hind angles. Eyes inconspic-
uous. Clypeus dark brown with narrow blackish front margin.
New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa. 505
Labrum pale. Antennae pale yellowish brown, 28 (?)-jointed. The
first antennal joint robust, twice as long as broad ; second joint much
smaller, and as long as broad; third joint about twice as long as
broad ; fourth as long as broad; the following joints longer than
broad, increasing in length towards the tip of the antennae. Pro-
thorax about as long as broad, narrowed in front ; one third from the
front margin a transverse furrow and on the dise a fine impressed
longitudinal median line. Head, thorax and abdomen dark brown;
prothorax a little paler. Cerci yellowish brown. Legs brown; joints
and tarsi paler. Hind tarsi with two cupules on the underside.
Body and legs with short yellowish pilosity.
Length of body: g 10-11 mm.; 9? 17 mm.
63 5,19, Dunbrody, Cape (Rev. J. O'Neil leg.).; 1 ¢, Dunbrody
(Rev. J. Vogt leg.). All the material kept in alcohol.
INDEX.
PAGE PAGE
africana (Leptosialis) . : . 502 | HapLlorMBia : : ; . 508
africanum (Cloéon) — . : . 502 | LEprosIALis . : ; : . 502
ATALOPHLEBIA . : : . 499 | MrGsLopTERA : : . 502
capensis (Haploembia). : . 508 | pellucidula (Atalophlebia) . . 499
CLOEON : : ‘ ; . 502 | tabularis (Atalophlebia) : . 500
EMBIIDINA . : F . 503 | TRICHORYTHUS : . 501
EPHEM ERIDA : : : . 499
(507 )
15.—South African Neuroptera. I.—By P. Espen-Petersen, Silke-
borg, Denmark.
Tue following descriptions and notes are based on material belonging
to the South African Museum, Cape Town, and I take herewith the
liberty to express to the Director, Dr. L. Péringuey, my best thanks
for his kind permission to work out the material belonging to that
institution.
Unfortunately descriptions and notes concerning the Neuropterous
fauna of South Africa are scattered in a large number of periodicals
and treatises, but I hope to succeed in giving complete lists of the
fauna.
Many of the species described from South Africa are certainly
synonymous with species described previously. Unfortunately I have
also made mistakes, but when such mistakes too often take place I
think it is mostly due to the fact that many species are described on
one specimen only differing from the typical form.
In the Chrysopidae it is quite inadmissible to describe a new
species on a single specimen, unless the specimen possesses characters
so distinct as to enable one to separate the species from already
known ones. Brownish, reddish or greyish markings on head, thorax
and abdomen of the Chrysopidae are not at all characters to rely
upon. Such markings are often produced by the drying of the insect.
Likewise the colour of the nervures in the wings is very often dependent
on the more or less complete maturity of the insect. The number of
cross-veins in the graduated series is also, as a rule, a very poor and
unreliable character.
OSMYLIDAE.
Gen. RHIPIDOSMYLUS.
RHIPIDOSMYLUS INTERLINEATUS.
Osmylus interlineatus, MacLachlan, Ent. Monthly Mag. vol. vi,
p. 199, 1869 (Natal ?).
Rhipidosmylus interlineatus, Kriiger, Stett. entom. Zeit. p. 25, 1913;
ibid. p. 74, 1914.
One fine specimen (?) of this interesting species from M’fongosi,
Zululand, May, 1891 (W. E. Jones leg.). The specimen agrees very
40
508 Annals of the South African Museum.
well with the description given by MacLachlan except with regard to
the five pairs of dark streaks on the Sc and R in the hindwing ;
these streaks are very inconspicuous. The fuscous, rounded and
raised spot on the hind margin of the forewing very distinct. It seems
to be a very scarce insect. Another ? example from Durban, Natal
(G. Leigh).
HEMEROBIIDAE.
Gey. HEMEROBIUS, Lin.
HEMEROBIUS ERRANS.
Navas, Voyage Alluaud et Jeannel en Afrique Orientale, Insectes
Neévroptéres, p. 31, 1914 (Brit. East Afr.).
One specimen, Cape Town; two specimens, Smithfield, Orange Free
State (Kannemeyer leg.) ; one specimen (without label).
The specimens agree very well with the description given by Navas.
Gren. MICROMUS, Ramb.
Micromvus TIMIDUS.
Hagen, Peters Reise nach Mossambique, Insecten, p. 91, taf. v, fig. 1,
1862 (Mozambique).
One specimen, Cape Town; one specimen, Stellenbosch, 1887
(Dr. L. Péringuey leg. ).
Micromus CAPENSIS, n. sp. (Fig. 1.)
Head yellowish to brownish yellow. Vertex with four large irregular
brown spots. Palpi brownish yellow. Antennae brownish yellow.
Thorax brownish yellow with large irregular brownish spots laterally.
Abdomen brownish yellow with irregular dark markings. Legs
yellowish; front and intermediate tibiae with a brownish spot a
little above the middle externally and another brown spot near tip
externally ; tip of tarsi pale brown. Wings with obtuse apex. Ptero-
stigma brownish yellow in the forewing, somewhat darker in the
hindwing. Longitudinal veins yellowish with short inconspicuous
dark streaks. Costal area in the forewing rather narrow; the first
6—8 cross-veins simple and unforked ; the rest forked. A row of small
brown spots along C. Four radial sectors; their origin blackish.
Four cross-veins in inner gradate series and eight in outer series; one
or two in the inner series sometimes blackish, and three or four in
the outer series nearest tip of the wing, also blackish and narrowly
South African Neuroptera. 509
shaded with brownish ; these shaded cross-veins form together with
a dark spot at the apical end of the pterostigma a short, dark,
irregular, abrupt streak. On the hind margin of the forewing small
dark streaks. The membrane hyaline with inconspicuous greyish-
brown shadows, but at the hind angle there is sometimes present a
quite blackish-brown oblong spot, with all the veins enclosed in it
blackish. This conspicuous spot is often broken up in smaller spots
or is sometimes quite absent. The second cross-vein between M and
Cu blackish and dark-shaded, From this dark spot a faintly brownish
oblique streak is sometimes produced, following the three basal cross-
veins in the inner gradate series and ending at the basal end of the
pterostigma. Hindwing hyaline; all the veins yellowish except three
Fia. 1.—Fore- and hindwing of Micromus capensis.
or four of the cross-veins in the outer gradate series ; these cross-veins
together with a streak at their junction with the longitudinal veins
blackish brown.
Length of forewing 7°5-8°5 mm.; of hindwing 6-7 mm.
Two specimens, M’fongosi, Zululand, April, 1911 (W. E. Jones leg.) ;
one specimen, Cape Col., S.W. Distr.; one specimen, Cape Town,
March, 1891 ; one specimen, Cape Town, April, 1885 (Dr. L. Péringuey
leg.); one specimen, Cape Town; one specimen, 1887 (Dr. L.
Péringuey leg.).
CHRYSOPIDAE.
With regard to the terms here used concerning the nervation in the
wings of the Chrysopidae I refer to my work, “ Results of Dr. E.
510 Annals of the South African Museum.
Mjoberg’s Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia, 1910-1913:
Neuroptera and Mecoptera,’ Arkiv for Zoologi, Bd. xi, 1918,
Stockholm.
Gen. NOTHOCHRYSA, MacLachl.
NorHOCHRYSA NEURODES.
Rambur, Hist. natur. Ins. Névropteres, p. 428, 1842 (Cape).
Nothochrysa finoti, Navas, Memorias Real Academia, Barcelona,
p- 405, 1908 (Natal).
Four specimens, Kentani, Transkei, Cape, 1899 (Rey. Kolbe leg.) ;
one specimen, Umzinkulu, Natal (Miss Stracham leg.) ; one specimen,
Hex River, Cape (L. Peringuey leg.); one specimen, Transvaal ; one
specimen, Ceres, Cape, December, 1912 (Lightfoot leg.).
This species is easily recognised. Prothorax twice as broad as long,
front angles truncate, a broad black streak at each side; this blackish
streak encloses often one or two pale small spots. Meso- and meta-
thorax also yellowish with blackish lateral margins. Abdomen in
matured specimens orange-coloured with blackish pleurae. Wings
rather broad and unmarked.
Besides the specimens here mentioned I have seen two specimens
from Cape Good Hope, December, 1817, in the Copenhagen Museum
(ex Coll. Westermann), and one specimen in the Stockholm Museum
(ex Coll. Paykull).
NoTHOCHRYSA VARIEGATA.
Chrysopa variegata Burmeister, Handbuch, p. 981, 1839 (Comoro
Islands) ; Schneider, Symbolae, etc. p. 147, tab. 54, 1851.
Chrysopa mozambica, Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p- 199, 1860
(Mozambique).
Chrysopa rufostigma, MacLachlan, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. p. 253,
1868 (Natal).
Nothochrysa sordidata, Navas, Memorias Real Academia, Barcelona,
p. 404, 1908 (Madagascar).
Nothochrysa impar, Navas, Broteria, Serie Zoologia, p. 99, 1912
(Afr. merid.).
Nothochrysa maculata, Esben-Petersen, Entom. Mitteil., Berlin,
p. 270, 1912 (Bonnefoi, Transvaal).
Nothochrysa zonata, Navas, Ann. Soc. scient. Brux. p. 324, 1914
(Abyssinia).
One specimen, Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia (G. A. K. Marshall) ; one
specimen, Burghersdorp, Cape, 1881 (Dr. Kannemeyer leg.).
Schneider has seen Burmeister’s type-specimen and has redescribed
South African Neuroptera. 511
and figured it in his Symbolae, ete. In Ent. Monthly Mag. p. 26,
vol. vi, 1869, MacLachlan states that mozambica and rufostigma stand
in svnonymy with variegata.
In my own collection I possess two specimens from Eritrea (Gunnar
Kristensen leg.), one specimen from Transvaal (cotype of maculata),
and one specimen from Lorenzo Marques. My two specimens from
Eritrea agree in every respect with the description of zonata. I have
also seen one specimen in the Stockholm Museum from Caffraria
(J. Wahlberg leg.).
The species is liable to vary. Frons and vertex shining, smooth and
sparsely punctate. The broad, yellowish prothorax has as a rule an
irregular, purple-coloured spot towards each angle. The forewings
have sometimes small brownish black spots in the basal and hind
part. Pterostigma long and reddish, but very often much paler
(I think this is due to the lesser degree of maturity). The wings are
long and slender and with rather acute tip. In the forewing 21-25
costal cross-veins ; 12—15 cross-veins between R and Rs; 6—7 cross-veins
between Rs and Psm ; 6-7 cross-veins between Psm and Pseu, and
12-14 branches from Psew to the hind margin, the 1-3 apical ones
forked.
The species is closely allied to N. aequalis, Walker, from India.
NorHOCHRYSA PERINGUEYI, n. sp. (Fig. 2.)
Face yellowish red. Vertex and thorax red. Palpi reddish. Frons
and vertex rugose and coarsely punctate. | Antennae brownish black;
the two basal joints yellowish red. Prothorax more than twice as
broad as long, with rounded front angles, and with a deep curved
transverse furrow one-third from base. The border of the hind margin
narrowly yellow, and on the front part of the dise two triangular more
or less distinct yellowish spots. Mesothorax red, with two yellowish spots
near the front margin and sometimes with a yellowish transversely
placed spot above the base of each wing. Metathorax red. Abdomen
reddish above with yellowish spots apically, paler ventrally. Legs
yellowish; femora with a broad dark band in the middle ; claws brown,
rather broad basally. Wings with somewhat acute tip. Longitudinal
veins yellowish. Base of Sc, of Cu, of Rs and of 1A in the forewing
often darker. In the forewing all the cross-veims except a few ones in
the apical part of the costal area blackish. The longitudinal veins
with a black spot at the junction with the cross-veins. The following
cross-veins are strongly blackish and narrowly shaded: cross-vein
between the stem of Mand the fureation of Cu, cross-vein between M,
4
512 Annals of the South African Museum.
and Cu,, apical cross-vein between Cu, and Cu,, cross-vein between
2A and 3A. The apical part of 24 and 384 is also blackish. At the
hind margin of the wing between the apex of 14 and the tip of first
branch from Pscw a blackish spot. In the hindwing all the cross-veins
except a few ones in the basal part of the costal area and sometimes
also a few ones in the outer gradate series yellowish. At the junction
of the cross-veins with the longitudinal veins often a minute blackish
spot. Pterostigma long, greyish yellow. In the forewing 19-24 costal
cross-veins; 12-15 cross-veins between R and Rs; 5-6 cross-veins
between Rs and Psm ; 5—6 cross-veins between Psm and Pseu ; 10-12
branches from Psecu to the hind margin, | or 2 of the apical ones forked.
In the hindwing 19-20 cross-veins in the costal area ; 12-15 cross-veins
between Rand Rs; 4-5 cross-veins between Rs and Psm ; ‘7-8 cross-
CH
6
Hic. 2.—Claw of foretarsus. «a. Nothochrysa variegata.
b. Nothochrysa péringueyi.
veins between Psm and Pscu ; 11-12 branches from Pseu to the hind
margin, the 2-3 apical ones forked. Series of gradate cross-veins in
10 9
the forewing = in the hindwing =.
Length of forewing 19-21 mm., of hindwing 17-19 mm.
One specimen, Dunbrody (J. O'Neil); one specimen, Springbok-
fontein, 1873; one specimen, Calvinia Dist., 1892—all three localities
in the Cape Province.
The species has much likeness to variegata, but the rugose frons and
vertex, the markings of the prothorax, the difference in the nervature of
the wings and the shape of claws separate it easily from that species.
I name the species after Dr. L. Péringuey, who has done so much in
investigating the insect fauna of South Africa.
One species is still known from South Africa, viz. Nothochrysa
gigantea, MacLachlan, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., p. 252, 1867 (Natal).
I do not know the species; but its prothorax is scarcely as long as
South African Neuroptera. 5138
broad, pale olivaceous grey, the anterior angles slightly reddish, and it
has two short black lines on each side.
I suppose that gigantea is more closely allied to neurodes than to the
two other species.
Gren. ANKYLOPTERYX.
ANKYLOPTERYX VENUSTA.
Chrysopa venusta, Hagen, Peters Reise nach Mossambique, Insecta,
p. 90, 1862 (Mozambique).
One specimen, Durban, Natal (T. Innes), and one specimen, Durban,
April, 1915 (Bell Marley leg.). The last-mentioned specimen is some-
what immature.
ANKYLOPTERYX POLYSTICTA.
Navas, Broteria, Serie Zoologica, p. 48, fig. 6, 1910 (Zambéze).
One specimen, Barberton, Transvaal (Miss Edwards leg.).
Gen. CHRYSOPA, Leach.
CHRYSOPA VULGARIS.
Schneider, Symbolae, etc., p. 68, pl. vi, 1851.
Of this species a somewhat large number was sent me.
Seven specimens, Kimberley, Cape, 1912 (Bro. Power leg.); five
specimens, Smithfield, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer leg.) , three
specimens, Clanwilliam, Cape ; two specimens, Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia;
one specimen, Dunbrody, Cape; one specimen, Maseru, Basutoland ;
nine specimens, George, Cape; one specimen, Durban, Natal; one
specimen, Bushmanland, Cape (Lightfoot leg.) ; one specimen, Prieska,
Cape (Purcell leg.) ; ten specimens without locality.
The South African specimens differ in some points from the European
ones. The reddish or brownish-red streak on each cheek and on each
side of the clypeus are often wanting, and when they are present they
are not so distinct. The veins and the body are not so closely haired.
The European specimens form a rather homogeneous unity, and they
vary only in a small degree. Some specimens are more or less reddish
suffused on the face, some others possess faintly brown lateral margins
on the prothorax, or possess a dark indication on the costal cross-veins
at their junction with Sc; but in the African specimens we meet
- with two rather different forms—the usual broad-winged European
form with the rounded apex of the wings, and the narrow-winged
form with the rather acute tip of the wings and as a rule with more
lanceolate basal median cell in the forewing. Navas has described
514 Annals of the South African Museum.
this narrow-winged African form under the names bequaerti (Revue
Zoologique Africaine, p. 409, 1912) from Belgian Congo, and pudica
(Ann. Soe. scient. Brux., p. 82, 1914) from Transvaal. In my collec-
tion are twenty-four specimens (4) of the narrow-winged form from
Abyssinia and one ¢ from Madagascar, and amongst the materials
here dealt with several specimens (¢) are also present. At present
I am not able to arrive at any definite conclusion, whether we have
to do with a distinct species or only a geographical form.
I have prepared for the microscope preparations of the appendages
of the male of both forms, but it seems to me that the differences,
if any, are very small. Probably a close examination of the female
(which is not present amongst the narrow-winged specimens before me)
may decide the question.
There is another African species, Chrysopa congrua, Walker (Cat.
Neur. Ins. Brit. Mus., p.238, 1853— West Africa, Congo, Central Sahara),
belonging to the group in which the first cross-vein from Rs in the
forewing joins M outside the basal median cell; but this species is
easily distinguished by its dark brown antennae.
CHRYSOPA JEANNELI.
Navas, Vovage de Ch. Alluaud et R. Jeanne! en Afrique Orientale,
Insectes Névropteres, p. 36, 1914 (Brit. East Africa).
Chrysopa andresi, Navas, Memorias Real Academia, Barcelona,
p. 394, 1915 (Egypt).
Two specimens, Cape Town (L. Péringuey leg.) ; one specimen, Smith-
field, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer leg.) ; one specimen, Klerksdorp,
Transvaal (E. G. Alston leg.).
The four specimens differ in some degree, but it is easy to see that
they all belong to the same species. Face more or less suffused with
reddish or pale reddish brown. A black spot on each gena. Palpi
dark brown to blackish. No spot between the antennae. Vertex raised,
reddish brown ; along the front border of the elevation a blackish
A-formed streak in the two specimens. Antennae pale brown and
dark banded ; second joint almost totally black. Prothorax reddish
brown (with irregular blackish markings), broader than long, and with
truncate front angles. Meso- and metathorax with broad pale greyish
longitudinal median band and a broad blackish lateral streak.
Abdomen reddish brown with pale pleurae. The body dark brown
haired. Legs greyish yellow; intermediate and hind femora with a
broad brown band before the apex; tip of tibiae brown. Longitudinal
veins mostly pale in the basal half part of the wings; but the basal
South African Neuroptera. ; 515
fourth part of Sc in the forewing strongly blackish, and all the other
longitudinal veins with a long dark brown streak at the Junction with
the cross-veins. All the cross-veins and the most of the longitudinal
veins in the apical half part dark brown. Pterostigma pale greyish
brown, somewhat darker at its basal end. The hexagonal cell in the
forewing, touching the hind margin and lying just at the tip of Cus,
often totally brownish suffused; sometimes there are present only a
brownish spot at the tip of Cv, and a smaller one, where the second cross-
vein between Cu, and Cu, touches C,. In one specimen there are also
traces of small spots where the first branch from Cyv,, tip of 1A, 24 and
3A join the hind border. In the forewing 17-18 cross-veins in the costal
area; 9 cross-veins in the radial area; 4 cross-veins between Rs and
Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pseu. The basal median cell
lanceolate, and the first cross-vein from Rs joins M, within the cell.
In the hindwing 14-16 cross-veins in the costal area ; 8-9 cross-veins
in the radial area; 3 cross-veins between Rs and Psm. Gradate veins
ay ae
. . hal Pe . . . a—9 ro .
in the forewing 4g the hindwing 3 5° Veins scarcely blackish
haired.
Length of forewing 10°5 mm; of hindwing 8-9 mm.
The species is easily separated from all other African species known
to me by the blackish basal part of Se and by the brownish spot or
spots at the hind margin of the forewing.
CHRYSOPA CHLORIS.
Schneider, Symbolae, ete., p. 95, pl. 26, 1851.
One specimen, Stellenbosh, 1888, Cape (L. Péringuey leg.) ; two
specimens, M’fongosi, Zululand, October, 1911 (W. E. Jones leg.) ; one
specimen, Carnarvon, Cape, 1896 (E.G. Alston); one specimen, Potchef-
stroom, Transvaal (T. Ayres leg.) ; one specimen, Smithfield, Orange
Free State (Kannemeyer leg.).
I refer these six specimens to the species of Schneider, although
only one specimen exactly agrees with the description. The four
specimens have a bloody streak on each gena, on each side of the
clypeus, on the vertex close to the margin of the eyes and along the
exterior side of the basal antennal joint. These four specimens seem
to be somewhat immature. The sixth species is a rather old one, and
the head seems to be immaculate. With regard to the shape and to
the nervature of the wings they agree in every respect with the species
of Schneider.
Chrysopa sansibarica, Kolbe, Neuropteren Deutsch Ost Afrika, p. 35,
516 ; Annals of the South African Museum.
1897 (Sansibar), Chrysopa inopina, Navas, Ann. Soc. scient. Brux.,
p. 83, 1914 (Natal), Chrysopa marchionissa, Navas, Memorie Pontif.
Accad. Romana, p. 29, 1915 (Lorenzo Marquesa) are closely allied to
C. chloris and probably the same, but I do not know them.
CHRYSOPA KANNEMEYERI, 0. Sp.
Head, thorax and abdomen yellowish green. A distinct black spot
on each gena just below the antennae; another oblong black spot
between the antennae. Palpi blackish brown with paler annulations
at the joints. Antennae hardly as long as the forewing, pale brown,
darker towards the tip; basal joint stout and yellowish green. Pro-
thorax somewhat broader than long, with rounded front angles and
with short blackish brown hairs towards and along the lateral margins.
Legs yellowish green; tarsi faintly brownish; claws brown, only slightly
widened basally and with a weak tooth internally. Wings with rounded
tip. Pterostigma green, rather conspicuous. All the nervures greenish
and blackish-haired. The cross-veins in the middle part of the costal
area in the forewing seem to be faintly brownish in the three specimens
present. In the forewing 20 costal cross-veins ; 10-12 cross-veins
between Rand Rs; 5 cross-veins between Rs and Psm ; the first of
those join M, within the basal median cell; 6 cross-veins between Psm
and Pscz. From Psew 9 or 10 branches to the hind margin, the 2 or
3 apical ones forked. In the hindwing 16-18 cross-veins in the costal
area ; 9 cross-veins between R and Rs; 4 cross-veins between Rs and
Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pscu ; 9 branches from Pseu to
the hind margin, the 2 or 3 apical ones forked. Series of gradate
= in the hindwing a
Length of forewing 12 mm.; that of hindwing 10 mm.
Four specimens from Smithfield, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer
hem.
veins in the forewing
I take the liberty to name the species after the collector.
CHRYSOPA VENOSELLA, n. sp. (Fig. 3.)
Head yellowish. A broad transverse brownish red a-shaped band
below the antennae; a blackish streak on each gena and at each side
of the clypeus. Vertex with a cordiform brownish red elevation, the
front border of which is deeply blood-coloured ; the dise of the eleva-
tion in front with a yellowish median longitudinal streak. Vertex at
each side with a bloody narrow streak between the elevation and the
eyes. Palpibrownish. Antennae as long as the forewing, dark brown
South African Neuroptera. 517
with pale annulations at the joints. Basal joint brownish red above,
yellowish below. Prothorax broader than long, front angles rounded,
dise yellowish with irregular brownish red markings and dark hairs.
Meso- and metathorax with blackish brown spots. Abdomen reddish
brown dorsally, yellowish ventrally. Legs yellowish ; femora with a
reddish brown streak near their apex dorsally ; tibiae with a reddish
brown band near base and another close to their apex; tarsi pale
brownish ; claws brown and slightly widened basally. Wings broad
and with rounded apex. A brown spot close to the base of C in both
pairs of the wings. Nervature yellowish. Pterostigma yellowish green
and rather conspicuous. The longitudinal veins with brownish black
streaks at the junction with the cross-veins. Rs blackish at its origin.
Fig. 3.—Fore- and hindwing of Chrysopa venosella.
All the cross-veins and all the veins along the hind and apical margin
brownish black at their ends. In the forewing the cross-veins and the
marginal veins are mostly blackish brown, and only a narrow band in
their middle part is yellowish. The following cross-veins in the fore-
wing are totally blackish: the three basal cross-veins between Rs and
Psm ; the cross-vein from the fureation of M to Cu ; the two cross-veins
between Cu, and Cu, (the apical one is also strongly brownish shaded
at its lower end), and all the cross-veins in the gradate series ; in the
inner series they are also narrowly brownish shaded. In the forewing
18-21 costal cross-veins ; 9 cross-veins between FR and Rs ; 3 cross-veins
between Rs and Psm; the basal cross-vein joins M within the basal
median cell; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pscu; 10 branches from
Pscu to the hind margin (the two apical ones are forked). In the
518 Annals of the South African Museum.
hindwing 17-18 costal cross-veins ; 8-9 cross-veins between Rand Rs ;
3 cross-veins between Rs and Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and
Pseu; 9 branches from Psew to the hind margin of the wings; the
two apical ones forked. Series of gradate veins in the forewing
4-5 hse ate 2d
“sin the hindwing ares
Length of forewing 12-13 mm., that of hindwing 10-11 mm.
Two specimens from Johannesburg, Transvaal, January, 1912
(H. Feltham leg.).
It is a very interesting species, which is nearly allied to the
European species venosa, Rbr.
GLENOCHRYSA, n. g.
Most of discal cells and several cells along the hind margin of
the forewing with hyaline metallic shining pustules, which are easily
observed when the wings are held in a certain direction against the
light. Pterostigmatical area, especially in the forewing, as a rule with
rather conspicuous cross-veins. Wings marked with spots. Several
veins and cross-veins strongly shaded. The basal median cell in the
forewing triangular.
Genotype: Glenochrysa typica.
This genus is a very interesting one with regard to the metallic
shining eye-shaped pustules in the cells of the forewing ; in this respect
its position is rather exceptional. The nervature of the wings is the
same as in the genus Chrysopa, with the exception that the new genus
possesses cross-veins in the pterostigmatical area. In this respect it is
allied to the genus Cintameva Navas (Revue Russe d’Entom., p. 214,
1914). The strongly-marked wings also give a peculiar appearance
to the genus.
GLENOCHRYSA TYPICA, n. sp. (Fig. 4.)
Face dark brown or blackish with a transverse pale band. Vertex
greenish with a semilunar elevation, the dise of which bears traces of a
longitudinal median dark streak posteriorly. Palpiblackish. Antennae
as long as the forewing, yellowish, becoming a little darker towards apex ;
basal joint with a broad black longitudinal streak exteriorly and
interiorly ; second joint blackish. Prothorax broader than long and with
truncate front angles. Pro- and mesothorax greenish with irregular
blackish markings. Metathorax blackish. Abdomen greenish with
blackish markings above, paler ventrally (colours of abdomen probably
changed in drying). Legs yellowish white; front and intermediate
tibiae with a blackish spot near base exteriorly and a blackish band
South African Neuroptera. 519
about in the middle. Wings rather broad, somewhat pointed at apex
(especially in the hindwings). Pterostigma yellowish brown in the
forewing, somewhat darker and more conspicuous in the hindwing.
The nervures greenish. The basal costal cross-vein in the forewing
blackish and narrowly brownish shaded; 2nd to 4th or 5th costal
cross-vein blackish at both ends; 5th to 8th or 6th to 10th totally
blackish and broadly brownish shaded (the shadows form a longitudinal
band); the rest of costal cross-veins in the forewing mostly totally
blackish brown. Three branches at the tip of the wing strongly
blackish and with a narrow brownish shade; the branches of the next
eight forks alternately pale brown and shaded with pale brown. Origin
of Rs blackish and surrounded by a large brownish black spot just
Fia. 4.—Fore- and hindwing of Glenochrysa typica.
below the brownish streak in the costal area. First and second cross-
veins from Rs to M blackish. The two cross-veins between Cu, and Cu,
blackish, and the second also broadly shaded with brownish. The tip
of Cu,, 1A, 2A and 34 blackish and brownish-shaded. All the other
cross-veins in the forewing greenish, and in the apical half part of the
wing they are also broadly shaded with yellowish brown. In the hind-
wing the basal costal cross-vein is green ; the other cross-veins coloured
like those in the forewing. At the tip of the wing three or four branches
blackish. All the cross-veins except two or three near the base of the
wing are greenish. Below & two spots; the first touches the spot in
the costal area and is very distinct and conspicuous; the second
touches the pterostigma and is more suffused. Along the hind margin
four spots, the first at the apex of Cu, and Cu,; the second spot
520 Annals of the South African Museum.
between the second and the third branch from Psew ; the third between
sixth to eighth branch from Pscew; and the fourth spot, which does not
touch the hind margin, is laying opposite to the pterostigma. In the
forewing 25-25 costal cross-veins ; 8 cross-veins between #& and Rs ;
4. cross-veins between Rs and Psm, the first of which joins M, within
the basal median cell; 6 cross-veins between Psi and Pscw; 10 branches
from Psew to the hind margin, the two or three apical ones forked.
In the hindwing 14-17 costal cross-veins from base of the wing to the
pterostigma ; 8 cross-veins between F and Rs; 4 cross-veims between Rs
and Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pscu; 8 or 9 branches from
Pscu to the hind margin, the apical ones forked. Series of gradate
ee Uo =. . 1-2
cross-veins in the forewing 5 in the hindwing 45
Length of forewing 10-11 mm., of hindwing 9-9°5 mm.
One specimen, Olekemeji, Ibadan, Nigeria (South African Museum),
and one specimen, Dubangui-Chara-Tead, Bangui (my collection, ea
Coll. le Moult, Paris).
GLENOCHRYSA PRINCIPISSA.
Cintameva principissa, Navas, Memorie Pontif. Accad. Romana,
p- 27, fig. 22, 1915 (Lorenzo Marquesa).
One specimen, Durban, January, 1915 (Marleiy leg.).
Of this beautiful species Navas has given a good description and
very good figures of the head and wings. The species is not so strongly
marked on the wings as G. typica.
Besides these two species, I know one more, Chrysopa splendida, Weele,
Notes Leyden Museum, vol. xxxi, p. 72, 1909 (Insulinde), which shall
be placed in the new genus. The last-named species is also described
by Navas (Broteria, Serie Zoologica, p. 103, fig. 4, 1912) under the
name Chrysopa faceta. His specimen is from Nicobar.
South African Neuroptera.
INDEX.
PAGE
andresi (Chrysopa) 514 mozambica (Nothochrysa)
ANKYLOPTERYX 513
neurodes (Nothochrysa)
capensis (Micromus) 508 | NoTHOCHRYSA
chloris (Chrysopa) 515 |
CHRYSOPA 513 | OSMYLIDAE
CHRYSOPIDAE . 509 |
| péringueyi (Nothochrysa)
errans (Hemerobius) 508 polysticta (Ankylopteryx)
principissa (Glenochrysa)
finoti (Nothochrysa) 510
RHIPIDOSMYLUS
GLENOCHRYSA 518 rufostigma (Nothochrysa)
Pimnon ae ss | sordidata (Nothochrysa)
HEMEROBIUS. 508 |
impar (Nothochrysa) 510 SHARON (iene ma)
interlineatus (Rhipidosmylus) . 507 | typica (Glenochrysa))
jeanneli (Chrysopa) 514 | variegata (Nothochrysa)
venosella (Chrysopa)
kannemeyeri (Chrysopa) —. . 516 | venusta (Ankylopteryx)
vulgaris (Chrysopa)
maculata (Nothochrysa) 510
Micromus 508 ' zonata (Notochrysa)
521
feo
F
Hm
i
ro
‘
‘
*
4 ;
i
ft
*
,
16.—A New Genus of Chironomid (Diptera) from the Cape.—By
J. J. Krerrer, D.Sc.
HE two insects from the Cape which I described under the names of
Paraclunio fuscipennis and P. minor, n. spp.,* must form a new
senus—Trissoclunio. It will be placed among those in which the 5th
tarsal joint is trilobate and without pulvilli, and the palpi bi-jointed
as in the following table.
1. Wing rudimentary, without nervure; em-
podium filiform and bearing on the ex-
ternal side simple or bifurcate hairs ; no
hair on the medial side ; claws simple in
the ?, bifid in the ¢, the two rami equal ;
antennae 6-articulate, scape obconical, not
thickened ; joints 38-5 transverse (g 2?) . Psamathyomya, Deby.
Wines normally developed, glabrous, with
the neuration of Chironomus; empodium
filiform, much ramified, i.e. emitting on
both sides branches that are themselves
divided into ramiseveral times bifurcate, 2.
2. Abdomen very strongly compressed, equal
in height everywhere ; anal segment ver-
tically truncate as far as the middle,
thence obliquely as far as the base, where
there are two cerei. Head with two carinae
extending from the hind border to near
the antennae, hardly convergent in front
and nearing almost the edge of the eyes ;
Ist palpal joint obliquely truncate at the
distal end and nearly at right angle with
the 2nd; antennal joints 2-5 transverse.
6th long, conical, bearing at the base a
verticillate bunch of 5 or 6 hairs shorter
than the thickness of the bunch, which is
also the case for 2-5; tarsal joints 2-4
obeonieal, cordiform at the distal end
which bears short and simple hairs inter-
* «Ann. S. Afr. Mus.,’ x, 1914, p. 259.
41
524 Annals of the South African Museum.
mixed with longer filaments, the third
distal part of which is widened and
ramose ; femora, except the anterior tibiae
and metatarsi, with three longitudinal
rows of spatulate, striate and almost de-
pressed scales. T'arsal and hooks of the
Q simple; g unknown . : 2 . Paraclunio, Kieff., 1911.
1. Abdomen depressed, head without longitu-
dinal carinae; palpal joint not obliquely
truncate, not at angle with 2; antennae
(¢) 7-jointed, joint 2 long, 3-5 trans-
verse; tarsal joints without filaments,
ramose, 2 cylindrical, 38-4 sometimes
weakly cordiform at end; legs without
seales, 3.
3. Tarsal claws of ¢ bifid, the two rami equal
in length, the medial pointed, the lateral
obtuse with the apex widened and finely
pectinate. Claws of the ? simple; in ¢
and 9 is visible at the base of the claws
a hyaline, glabrous Jamina longer and
wider than the claw, narrowed at base
and then widened, triangular and sharp.
Cape . : ; 5 : : c . Trissoclunio, n. g.
Tarsal claws simple, ¢ 9, or simple in the
2 and bifid and unequal in the ¢; in the
first case the medial ramus is very short,
and in both the lateral ramus is widened
and pectinate at apex, without hyaline
triangular lamina, Hawai : : . Charadromya, Terry, 1913.
In the genus T'elmatogeton, Schin., founded on T.
sancti-Pauli, Schin.,
the antenne are 7-jointed (¢ 2), joint 2 obconical, 5-5 transverse,
but there is no mention of the 5th tarsal joint being trilobate; besides,
the palpi are 4-jointed, the forehead grooved, the alar neuration
differs from that of Chironomus, the tarsal claws are simple, the
pulvilli small but very distinct, the empodium large, fillmg the whole
interval between the claws, and is ciliate in front.
The insect described by Coquillet under the name of T'elmatogeton
alaskensis differs from all those mentioned above by the antennal
joints 2-6 sub-cylindrical, the 7th only a little longer than the others.
It is not said that the 5th joint is trilobate; the pulvilli and the
empodium must be as in Zelmatogeton. Claws of 3 bifid, of the 9
unknown.
A New Genus of Chironomid (Diptera) from the Cape.
The type of the genus T'rissoclunio is T. fuscipennis.
525
The tarsal
claws are yellow in the proximal and black in the distal part ; each
bears, in addition to the proximal half, three thick ramose setae
disposed lengthways. The three tarsal lobes are finely and very briefly
pubescent ; dorsally they bear also thick brown setae.
Wing lobate,
almost at right angle, and having also a small rounded lobe at the end
of the base; cubital nervure at least twice as long as the radial ;
transverse nervure large and oblique. Mesonotum sometimes black
with the scapular spot reddish, sometimes pruinose grey, with a trace
of three nearly confluent black bands.
INDEX.
PAGE
CHARADROMYA . : F . o24 PSAMATHYOMYA
PARACLUNIO ; : : . 524 | TRISSOCLUNIO
PAGE
52¢
524
(527 )
17.—New NSwyecies of S. African Tabanidae (Dintera).—By GERTRUDE
1 ) . }
Ricarpo.
METOPONAPLOS, gen. nov.
? Supplementa Entomologica, 1914.
THis genus and a species were included by me in a paper on species
of Tabanidae sent me by Herr Schlenkling from the German Entomo-
logical Museum in Berlin. The proofs were sent to me for correction
and returned, but the outbreak of war put an end to further
communications. The remarks on this genus are copied and inserted
as follows :
Formed for a species named by Walker Pangonia parva, with which
Pangonia directa appears to be identical. It differs from the species
of Pangoma in the antennae, which have only five divisions on the
third joint ; it therefore belongs to the second division of Pangoninae,
comprising Silvius, Chrysops, ete. Ocelli and spines on hind tibiae
are present. Antennae with the first two joints short, the third broad
at base, the last four divisions very small. Face convex, furrowed in
the middle. Palpi broad at base, ending in a lone point. | Proboscis
about a third the leneth of the whole insect. Forehead shining with
no calli. Wings clear, with the usual neuration; all posterior cells
widely open, the anal cell closed at border.
METOPONAPLOS PARVA (PanaontA), Walker.
Metoponaplos parva (Pangonia), Walker, List Dipt., pt. 1, p. 145,
1848. (Pangonia directa, Walker, Dipt. Saund., p. 21, 1850.)
Both the Walker types are from the Cape of Good Hope, in the Brit.
Mus. Coll., and are females. There is also a female in the same
collection from Saldanha Bay, Cape Colony, October, 1892 (Pele la
Garde), 96, 2, two females from Namaqualand, 1917, and one female in
the South African Museum.
Forehead broad, shining. Antennae, palpi and legs blackish.
Wings grey, length 9-10 mm. Face black, convex, but furrowed
in the. middle, clothed sparsely with long yellowish hairs, cheeks
528 Annals of the South African Museum.
covered with grey tomentum and with yellow pubescence. Palpi
black, broad at base, ending in a long tapering point, more
than a third of the length of proboscis, which is about as long
as the head and thorax combined. Antennae black, situated on
a shght tubercle covered with ashy-grey tomentum; the first two
joints with some long black hairs, the first joint cylindrical, the
second small and round, half the length of the first joint ; the third
joint with five divisions, the first one broad and large, no tooth, but
with rounded borders, the last divisions very small. Forehead almost
parallel, wide, barely one and a half times longer than it is wide,
black and shining, with grey tomentose borders and a few scattered
white hairs; ocelligerous tubercle distinct. Hyes bare. Thorax black
and shining, clothed with greyish-white pubescence and with longer
hairs at sides. Seutellwm black and shining, with yellowish hairs on
its posterior border. Abdomen shining black, reddish yellow on sides
of the first and second segments, the posterior borders from the second
segment onwards clothed with fringes of white hairs on their posterior
borders ; sides with white hairs. Legs blackish, tibiae reddish yellow
on basal two-thirds, pubescence pale yellowish on femora, elsewhere
blackish. Wings grey, tinged yellow at base, veins reddish yellow.
A male in the Brit. Mus. Coll., from Saldanha Bay, 5: ix : 1912
(k. H. Barnard), 1915, is presumably the male of this species,
but the abdomen is largely reddish yellow, the black colour appearing
as a broad black stripe on the first three segments, the apex black,
with short yellowish hairs on posterior borders of the segments, sides
with long, black and yellow hairs ; underside reddish yellow, black on
the last three segments. Legs blackish with long black hairs on the
femora and tibiae. Wings and veins darker in colouring. Forehead
is less wide but slightly narrower at vertex, shining black. Antennae
with longer and more numerous black hairs on the first two segments.
Palpi with the first joint short, the second conical, clothed with long
hairs. Length 9 mm.
MrtroponaPiLos NIGRICANS, Ni. Sp.
Type (female) from Hott-Holl Mts., 6000 ft., Caledon, Cape Colony
(Barnard), 1916. From Cape Mus. Coll.
A small black species, with no markings on the abdomen. Forehead
shining, broad. Legs blackish brown. Wings clear. Length 7 mm.
Face blackish, with grey tomentum and white hairs. Palpi brownish
with black hairs. Antennae reddish brown. Forehead black, shining,
with no lighter borders, not quite parallel, and about one and a half
times longer than its anterior width, Thorax and scutellum black,
New Species of S. African Tabanidae (Diptera). 529
Abdomen black with very narrow lighter posterior borders. Wings
with brown veins.
Gen. SILVIUS, Meig.
The two new species of Silvins described below were sent me for
identification by Dr. L. Péringuey, Director of the South African
Museum, Cape Town.
NILVIUS CALLOSUS, ¢, 2, 1: Sp.
Type (male) from Durban, Natal (Bell Marley).
Type (female) from Kar-Kloof (Bell Marley), and another female
from Durban, in Cape Museum Coll.
A robust species of dull brown colour with some obscure yellow
markings, distinguished by the lineal frontal callus. Length 12 mm.
male, 12-15 mm. female.
Male.—Face dull brown with some grey tomentum. Palpi brown
with black hairs. Antennae light reddish-yellow, the first two joints
brown with black hairs. Hyes bare, the upper facets larger than the
lower ones. Thorax brownish, with no distinct stripes ; pubescence on
dorsum scanty, light in colour. Sevfellum same colour, Abdomen
with rather a mottled appearance, the yellowish colour predominating
on the basal half, of an isabella colour ; on the underside this colour
extends over the whole abdomen ; the segmentations above and below
are very narrowly white-haired. Legs dull reddish brown. Wings
clear, with yellow veins. ‘This male is not in good condition.
Female has dusky brown rather large palpi as long as the proboscis
with dark pubescence. Antennae as in male. Forehead about one-
fourth in width of the length, not narrowed at either end; the callus
is almost lineal, dark brown extending to the ocelli. Thorax
mahogany brown with short white pubescence. Scutellum rather
paler in colour. Abdomen raw umber, with paler markings, the
segmentations with narrow fringes of short white hairs ; underside
much the same colour; the first segment on dorsum with a pale band
on its posterior border.
SILVIUS HIRSUTUS, G, @, 0. Sp.
Type (male) from Matroosberg, Ceres Division, Cape, 3500 ft.
Type (female) and another male in Cape Museum Coll.
A dark blackish brown species with hairy eyes and thorax, and
abdomen with hairs, rather near Silvius decipiens, Loew, but at once
530 Annals of the South African Museum.
distinguished in the female by the frontal callus, which does not reach
the eyes. Length 15 mm. males, 12 mm. female.
Male.— Face with grey tomentum and thick yellow hairs. Beard
same colour. Palpi dark brown with brown hairs. Proboscis long,
nearly a third of the length of insect. Antennae dark brown, the first two
joints with dark hairs. yes hairy, the upper facets only a little larger
than the lower ones. Thorax black, rather shining, with two distinct
narrow grey stripes, one on each side; dorsum with some scattered
white hairs, sides with thick yellow hairs, a few brown ones intermixed.
Scutellum black, with some white hairs. Abdomen blackish with three
very distinct grey tomentose spots on each segment, except the first
and the last one; pubescence on dorsum slight, consisting of some
white and dark hairs ; sides with thick yellow and brown hairs. The
extreme side borders of segments are fulvous; underside black with
grey tomentum; in the other male the grey spots are almost effaced.
Legs dull reddish, the femora darker, the legs with rather thick black
pubescence. Wings clear, with dark brown stigma and veins, the
transverse veins clouded.
Female.—Palpi small, yellowish, with long black hairs, the hairs on
face not so thick and brown in colour. Iorehead very wide, narrower
at vertex ; the width in front is nearly equal to the length. Frontal
callus is very large, blackish brown, shining, but it does not reach the
eyes and does not extend much beyond the middle of forehead. The
hairs at sides of thorax are largely brown. Abdomen with the spots
not so distinct, appearing more yellow in colour with some yellow
hairs, pubescence elsewhere blackish. Legs paler in colour, the femora
the same as the tibiae in colour. 'The proboscis in female appears to
be broken off; in the other male it does not appear long, being
apparently retracted.
INDEX.
PAGE | PAGE
eallosus (Silvius) : : . 529 | nigricans (Metoponaplos) . . 528
directa (Metoponaplos ) . 527 | parva (Metoponaplos) é 5 OY
hirsutus (Silvius) ; . 529 | SiLvius , 3 : : . 529
|
METOPONAPLOS . ; : : 527 |
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4,.—On some South African Avicularvidae (Arachnida). Families
Migidae, Ctenizidae, Diplotheleae, and Dipluridae.—By
R. W. B. Tucker, B.A., Assistant. (With Plate IX and
13 Text-figures. )
5,—The Crane-flies of South Africa in the South African Museum
(Diptera, Tipulidae).—By Cuaritus P. ALexanpeR, Cornell
University, Ithaca, N.Y. Part I. (With Plates X-XIV,
and 2 Text-figures.) _
6.—Description of an apparently Undescribed Moth of the Family
LyManTRIADAE (Lepidoptera) —By A. J. I’. JANsE.
7.—Two Species of Bittacidae (Newroptera) from South Africa.—
By P. Espen-Perersen. (With 4 Text-figures.)
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11.—Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa.
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II—On Some New South African Spiders of the
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