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HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

LIBRARY

OF THE

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY

JH 20}

re
ee ©
Pabuory 2 ale ny eee iy

1947

As
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tes

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ANNALS

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

OIE LO MA LAS GAG IIIT L

ANNALS

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

VOL G MTI XC ACTION

PRINTED FOR THE
TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM
BY NEILL AND CO., LTD., 212 CAUSEWAYSIDE, EDINBURGH.

1925-1926.

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US DOe

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TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

The Right Hon. Jonn Xavier Merriman, P.C.

Sir THomas Muir, C.M.G., M.A., LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S.

The Hon. JoHN WitLiam JaccErR, F.S.S., M.L.A.

Prof. Witt1am Apam Jotuiy, M.B., Ch.B., D.Sc., F.R.S.S.Afr.
Councillor W. F. Fisu, J.P. (present Mayor of Capetown).

SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN
MUSEUM.

Epwin Lronarp Git, D.Sc., Director and Keeper-in-Chief.

Kprat Harcourt BARNARD, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.8., Assistant Director ; in Charge
of Fish and Marine Invertebrates.

REGINALD FREDERICK LAWRENCE, B.A., Assistant in Charge of Reptiles and
Batrachians, Arachnids, and Myriapods.

ALBERT JOHN HeEssx, B.Sc., Ph.D., Assistant in Charge of the Entomological
Department.

Miss STAR GARABEDIAN, B.A., Assistant in Charge of the Botanical Department.

ArtHuR Lewis Hatz, M.A., Sc.D., Honorary Keeper of the Geological and
Mineralogical Collections.

SipnEY Henry Haveuton, B.A., D.Sc., Honorary Keeper of the Paleontological
Collections.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

G. ARNOLD.
A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Appendix

J. BEQUAERT.
The Genus Humenes, Latreille, in South Africa, with a Revision of the
Ethiopian Species (Hymenoptera)

M. Bezzz.
South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum

_K. G. Buarr.
The Oedemeridae of South Africa. With Notes on some other African
Oedemeridae (Coleoptera) .

H. BRAUNS.
A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape, St. Farg. and
Serv. Order Hymenoptera , ‘ : ; ‘

C. H. Curran.
The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the South African Museum

A. J. HESSE.
Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. IV.
A List of the Heteropterous and Homopterous Hemiptera of South-
West Africa ; ' : 4

EK. Meyrick.
New South African Micro-Lepidoptera

C. Morey.
On some South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the South
African Museum. Part III.

L. P&RINGUEY.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera), with Notes and
Additional Localities of some already known Species

vi

PAGE
191

483

78) 1)

3093

417

377

325

435

579

INDEX OF NEW SUBFAMILY, GENERIC, AND SUBGENERIC
NAMES INTRODUCED IN THIS VOLUME.

PAGE
Acharneodes n.g. (Lepidoptera, Eucosmidae), MEyRICK . ; ; se Oeil
Afreumenes n. subg. Eumenes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), BEQUAERT . 486, 526
Apterosessinia n.g. (Coleoptera, Oedemeridae), BLAIR : : : . dol
Araneaster n.g. (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), HussE : ; : : 6 OY
Arthroteles n.g. (Diptera, Rhagionidae), Buzzi . 5 : : : . 321
Arthrotelinae n.subf. (Diptera, Rhagionidae), Brzzi . : : ; ell
Barnardia n.g. (Coleoptera, Carabidae), PERINGUBY . ; : : 5. OSA
Bascanidius n.g. (Coleoptera, Carabidae), PERINGUBY : ; : . 609
Berea n.g. (Coleoptera, Carabidae), PERINGUEY. : : ; ; . 626
Diazanus n.g. (Hemiptera, Fulgoridae), Husse . : ‘ . : G2
Gambrostola n.g. (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae), Mnyrick : : : 5 Oz
Glaucostola n.g. (Lepidoptera, Tineidae), MEyRICK . : 5 ‘ . 344
Igora n.g. (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), Hussz ‘ : : : : le
Ikonza n.g. (Hemiptera, Fulgoridae), Hesse. : ; : ‘ . 159
Imbalara n.g. (Hemiptera, Fulgoridae), Hesse . : eet 3 gop Lists
Inkosa n.g. (Coleoptera, Carabidae), PhRINGUEY 2 ; : 5 ee G2
Intandela n.g. (Hemiptera, Fulgoridae), HESSE : : ; : . 148
Macquena n.g. (Coleoptera, Carabidae), PERINGUEY . : Mee ae ie . 634
Mafa n.g. (Hemiptera, Tingididae), HussE ; : : : : 0 8S
Melanathia n.g. (Coleoptera, Oedemeridae), BLaIR-. : , : . 354
Migdilybs n.g. (Hemiptera, Lygaeidae), HusseE . ; ; ; : és tG
Mosuta n.g. (Coleoptera, Carabidae), PhRINGUEY : ; ; ; . 635
Oenophila n.g. (Lepidoptera, Tineidae), Mnyrick : : : . 345
Oreumenes n.subg. Humenes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), BEQUAERT . . 488
Oxyscopa n.g. (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae), Mnyrick : ; : - 330
Pachybates n.g. (Diptera, Rhagionidae), Buzzi . : : ; : . 316
Paraphlegyas n.g. (Hemiptera, Lygaeidae), HussE . : : : Sm ede
Patromasia n.g. (Lepidoptera, Tineidae), Mmyrick . . : : su OAT
Phratriodes n.g. (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae), MmyRIcK . : : . 3090
Probatostola n.g. (Lepidoptera, Tineidae), MEYRICK . : : : . 344
Selidoris n.g. (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae), Mryrick : ; 5 . 336
Tritavus n.g. (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), HEssE . : ; : , ee
Unmtalius n.g. (Coleoptera, Carabidae), PERINGUEY . : ; ; . 601
Vaalimyia n.g. (Diptera, Dolichopodidae), CuRRAN . ; 7) 098

Zetheumenidion n.subg. Humenes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), Beowaune 487, 493

DATE OF ISSUE OF THE PARTS.

Part 1, October 1925.
Part 2, February 1926.
Part 3, October 1926.

Vii

Sa On ins.

PLATES
I-VIII. South-West African Hemiptera

IX-X. South African Dolichopodidae.
XI-XII. The Genus Allodape.

ty)

Abacetus .
Abagazara
Acaenitus
Acanthaspis
Acanthomia
Acharneodes
Acorostoma
Acrocercops
Acronus
Aderrhis
Aeliomorpha
Aephnidius
Aeromyrma
Afrius
Agonoscelis
Agraphopus
Allodape .
Alphocoris
Amblyteles
Ananca
Anarsia
Anaulacus
Andocides
Aneleus
Angionychus
Angitia
Angra
Anisobas .
Anisops
Anochetus
Anoplocnemis
Antestia
Aphanus .
Aphrosylus

Apterosessinia .

Araneaster
Aristotelia
Arotes :
Arthroteles
Ascalenia .
Asclerosibutia
Aselgeia
Asphragis
Aspongopus
Asyndetus

INDEX OF GENERA.

A

Atelocera .
Atherimorpha
Atherix
Atimus
Atrichops
Atrotus

Badister
Baebius
Bagrada

Barichneumon .

Barnardia.
Bascanidius
Bascanus .
Belostoma
Bembidium
Berea

Blissus
Bolbocoris
Brachycerocoris

Brachycranella .

Brotheolus

Caenopimpla
Caesonia .
Callidea
Callistomimus

Caly ptomyrmex

Camma
Camponotus
Campoplex
Camptoscelis
Carbula

Cardiocondyla

Cataulacus
Caura
Celioschesis
Centromyrmex

PAGE
16
317
310
630
304
610

X1l

Cephalocteus
Ceranthes
Cerapachys
Chalcochrous
Charitocoris
Charitojoppa
Chlaenius .
Choerommatus
Chorischizus
Chrysopilus
Chrysosoma
Cimex
Cleptria
Cletus

Clovia
Cnephasia.
Coenomorpha
Coleocentrus
Collyria
Condylostylus
Cophosomorpha
Coptosoma
Coranus
Corixa
Corizus
Cosmolestes

Cremastogaster .

Cremastus
Creontiades
Cryptus
Ctenochares
Ctenopelma
Ctenotoma
Cyarda
Cydnus
Cyrtomoscelis

Dalaca
Dalsira
Delegorguella
Dermatinus
Deroplax
Diaphorus
Diazanus
Dichomeris
Dictyophara
Dieuches .
Diploxys .
Discothyrea
Dismegistus
Disphaericus
Dolichomiris
Dorodoca .
Dorycoris
Dorylus
Duilius

Index of Genera.

PAGE |
12
336
IRS HE
638
128
442
583
50
465
319
381
126
114
ol
174
326
15
465
465
388
631
3
121
MBA
59
121
288
470
La |
456
444
469
463
166
14
626

Durmia
Dymantis
Dysdercus

Kctenognathus .

Ketomocoris
Eetrichodia
EKddara
Edocla
Hlachista .
Kiasmoscelis
Ellochotis
Elvisura
Enecardia .
Encelidotis
Enoicus
Enscepastra
Hpermenia
Epigraphus
Hpijoppa
Eretmocera
HKrromenus
Etha
Hthmia
Hudema .
Kuleptus .
Eumenes .
Kupododus
EKuponera
Kurycamptus
Euryophion
Kurystylus
Euthetus .
Exanthica
Exocus
Hysarcoris

Fumea

Gambrostola
Gampsocoris
Gelechia
Geocoris
Gerris
Glaucostola
Glymmatophora
Gly phipteryx
Glypsus
Gnistus
Gonopsis .

PAGE

202,

349

332
63
329
69
91
344.
112
338
39
101
44

Goryphus
Graptostethus
Gynenica .

Hagensia
Halydicoris
Halys
Haplosterna
Harpactor
Hectacma.
Hegelochus
Hemipimpla
Hemiteles
Henicocephalus
Henicospilus
Henicotettix
Hepialus .
Hercostomus
Hieroceryx
Hieroxestis
Hilda ;
Holcichneumon
Holoptilus
Holotrichius
Homoeocerus
Hotea
Hydrometra
Hydrophorus
Hypselopus

Ichneumon
Igora

Tkonza
Imbalara
Inkewana
Inkosa
Intandela
Inxwala
Ischnodemus
Ischnojoppa

K

Kusuma

’ Laccocoris
Laccotrephes
Lactistes .
Laemosthenes
Lampromyia

Index of Genera.

PAGE
450
66

30

158

134
134

12
640
298

Lampronia
Laspeyresia
Leptogenys :
Leptoscanthus .
Lethaeus
Lianealus .
Liburnia .
Lienella
Lissonota .
Listrognathus
Locris
Lopodytes
Lugardia .
Lygaeus

Lygus

Macquena.
Mata
Mecidea
Medetera .
Melaenus .
Melanathia
Melanichneumon
Melanodes
Melasina .
Menida
Meranoplus
Mesochorus
Mesostenus
Metachanda
Metopius
Metoponitys
Microcosmus
Micronecta
Microus
Migdilybs
Mirperus .
Monanthia
Monomatapa
Monomorium
Monteira .
Mosuta
Munza
Myrmecozela
Myrmicaria

Nabis
Nacerda
Nariscus
Narycia
Natalicola
Nemausus
Neolethaeus
Neotypus .

Xl

PAGE
349
327
209
132

83
406
169
446
463
454
175
115
162

63
129

634
88
21

400

607

304

440

606

348
38

284

480

452

304

466

146

582

138

612
76
57
90

142

226

159

635

138

342

239

125
304
58
348
40
58
84
443

X1V

Nepiera
Nezara_.
Nototrachys
Nysius

Ocnophila.
Ocymyrmex
Odites

Odontomachus

Oegoconia
Ogmophora
Oliarus
Oligomyrmex
Oncocephalus
Oodes
“Ophion
Orthotylus
Oxyrhactris
Oxyscopa

Pachybates
Pachycondyla
Pamera
Paniscus .
Pantoleistes
Parachlaenius
Paracollyria
Paraphblegyas
Parectopa.
Paromius .
Paropiaxys
Patromasia
Pelogonus.
Pendulinus
Penestoglossa
Pephricus
Perilissus .
Petalocnemis
Petascelis
Phaenolobus
Phaestacaenitus
Pheidole
Phimus
Phonergates
Phratriodes
Phricodus
Phymatocoris
Phyracaces
Piezodorus
Pimpla

Pimplomorpha ;

Pirates
Plagiolepis
Platacantha

Index of Genera.

PAGE
472
36
475
67

345
225
337
Pe Ziks
. 9339
638
150
234
94
605
479
131
172
339

316
201
79
480
121
602
464
72
340
76
145
347
133
90
348
54
466
49
45
464
465
287
643
108
335
17
11
193
38
458
47]
Ill
290
37

Platylabus
Platymeris
Platynus .
Platypleura
Platythyrea
Plectroctena
Pleuroneurophion
Plinachtus
Plonisa
Polycrates
Ponera
Poophilus
Pretorius
Prionopoda
Pristomyrmex .
Probatostola
Probergrothius .

Proboscidocoris. .

Putala
Pycna :
Pycnostola

Reduvius .
Rhaphidosoma .
Rhembus .
Rhimphoetona .
Rhopalomelus
Rhoptromyrmex
Riptortus

Scantius
Scarpanta.
Schizops .
Sciapus

‘Sciocoris .

Selidoris
Sepullia
Serinetha .
Sessinia
Sindonophora
Sjostedtiella
Solenopsis
Solenosthedium
Somoplatus
Sophronia.
Spanus
Sphaerocoris
Sphaerodema
Sphedanolestes .
Steganocerus
Stenocephalus
Stenotus .
Stenozygum
Stictocryptus

PAGE
444
109
640
140
195
209
479

50
13
80
204
173
19
468
281
344
85
130
148
142
328

101
115
610
473
602
282

Stomonaxus
Stomopteryx

Streblognathus

Strongylodemas
Strumigenys
Sympycnus

Systolocranius .

Syzeuctus

Tachys
Tachytrechus
Taipinga .
Tapinoma.
Tefflus
Tegona
Telmessus.
Telphusa .
Tenosius .
Teracrius .
Teratotarsa
Tetramorium
Theronia .
Tinea
Tinna
Tongorma
Trechus
Trichedocla
Trichisia .
Trichomma
Trichoptilus
Trigonotylus

Index of Genera.

PAGE
617
330
200

148 |

286
407
604
460

647
399
145
221
579
465
159
329

58

a
636
240
458
343

93

55
644.
108
582
474
325
131

Tritavus
Tropicory pha

Uhlunga .
Ulundia
Umtalius

Vaalimyia
Veterna
Vitumnus
Volumnus.

Wahlbergia

Xerobia
Xiphistes .
Xylocoris .

Zouga

V

Ww

635

142

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ee ANNALS

Bet'> Fh i
OF THE Bi RAG

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM |

VOLUME XXIII,

5
c&

go 4
he

ae

PART I, containing :-—

_1. Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fawna of South-West
Africa. IV: A Lust of the Heteropterous and Homop-
terous Hemiptera of South-West Africa. By A. J.
Hesse, B.Sc., Ph.D., Assistant. (With Plates I-VIIIL) ~

ISSUED OCTOBER 1925. PRICE 12s. 6d.

PRINTED FOR THE
TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM
BY NEILL AND CO., LTD.,

212 CAUSEWAYSIDE, EDINBURGH,

iS

eee
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ANNALS

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SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

VOLUME XXIII.

1. Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa.

IV. A List of the Heteropterous and Homopterous Hemiptera of South-
West Africa.—By A. J Hesse, B.Sc., Ph.D., Assistant.

(With Plates I-VIIT.)

THE following is a list of the Hemiptera present in the South African
Museum collections and those described from the same region by
other authors. The list comprises all the families of the Heteroptera
and Homoptera, except the Jassidae, Aphidae, and Coccidae. The
insects were mostly collected by members of the staff on the Museum
Expeditions of 1916 (R. W. E. Tucker), 1918 (R. W. E. Tucker), 1919
(Lightfoot and J. Drury), 1921 (K. H. Barnard, J. Drury, and S. Gil-
man), and 1923 (K. H. Barnard and R. F. Lawrence). In addition,
there are specimens obtained from private collectors, such as J. S.
Brown, H. Kéchig, Dr. Knobel, Miss Wilman, and the well-known
traveller Eriksson.

The list includes geographically only those species found within
the boundaries of S.-W. Africa, comprising the three areas of Great
Namaqualand, Damaraland, and Ovamboland. In each instance
both the area and the locality are stated, and “S.A.M.” is printed
opposite those species of which the Museum possesses representatives,
and (M. Exp.) after the names of the localities where members of the
staff collected the species.

The figures are free-hand drawings by the author.

The Hemiptera of 8.-W. Africa have been sadly neglected i ento-

VOL. XXIII, PART |.

2 Annals of the South African Museum.

mologists in the past, and the only literature up to 1913 dealing with
descriptions of species from that region is ©. Stal’s “ Hemiptera
Africana,’ pts. 1-4, 1864-66, and the few descriptions of isolated
species by other authors in different works (alluded to in the list)
from material that found its way into European collections. A definite
survey of the order in this region was for the first time undertaken
in 1913 by F. Schumacher in a list, with descriptions of new species,
which was published in the “ Jenaische Denkschriften,”’ xvii, pp. 50-88,
as a result of Dr. L. Schultze’s “‘ Forschungsreise im West. und Zent.
Siidafrika, 1903-1905.”’

As a result of the Museum Expeditions up to 1924, we have been
able to enrich the knowledge of that region by the descriptions of
several new and interesting species. Altogether 11 new genera,
58 new species, and 2 new varieties are described in the following
families :—

Pentatomidae, 11 n. sp., 1 n. var.

Coreidae, 6 n. sp.

Lygaeidae, 2 n. gen., 8 n. sp.

Tingididae, 1 n. gen., 1 n. sp.

Reduvudae, 3 n. gen., 11 n. sp., and 1 n. var.
Cicadidae, 3 n. sp.

Fulgoridae, 5 n. gen., 17 n. sp.

Cercopidae, 1 n. sp.

It is interesting to note that some genera described only from the
East (India) are represented here by different species or by closely
allied representative genera. Many of the new forms are described
from N. Damaraland and Ovamboland, while Great Namaqualand
seems to agree faunistically more or less with the Cape Pro-
vince, or rather S.-Western Cape Province. There seems to be a
zoogeographical division, agreeing more or less with tropical and
S.-Hastern Africa, with representatives or allied forms from the
Oriental region. No definite distributional similarity could, however,
be laid down, as a comprehensive faunistic survey of Africa within
the Southern tropical zone and the 8.-Hastern regions has as yet not
been undertaken. The interposed arid and desert regions of the
Karroo, the Kalahari, and Bechuanaland seem to have acted as a
barrier between S.-Eastern and 8.-Western Africa. There is no doubt,
however, that S.-Hastern Africa meets Ovamboland and S8.-Western
Africa across Southern Rhodesia. Damaraland and Great Nama-
qualand constitute an area invaded from the South by S.-Western

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 3

Cape forms, and from N.-Western and §.-Central Africa by tropical

stragglers.

I wish to express my indebtedness to the above-mentioned present
and past members of the staff, and to the private collectors, who have
contributed so many interesting specimens to the Museum collections.
All types are in the South African Museum.

I. HETEROPTERA.

Fam. PENTATOMIDAE Leach.
Sub-fam. 1. Plataspidinae Dall.

Gen. Coprosoma L. de Castelnau.
1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai, p. 73.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 10.
Globocoris Hahn, Wanz., ii, p. 40, 1834.
Type.—C. globus Fabr.

C. aurvwillianum Montandon.
1894. Montandon, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxxvii, 1894.
Hab.—Damaraland—Swakop (coll. Wahlberg).

C. pictula Stal.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 14.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kubub-Aar (Schultze).

C. rufiplaga n. sp.
(IE fires Irs) S.A.M.

Body convex, about as long as broad, black and shining ; the head,
the pronotum, the scutellum, and the abdomen beneath finely
punctuate ; a spot in front of the eye on each lateral lobe, the ocelli,
two spots near the anterior margin of the pronotum, the anterior
lateral dilated pronotal margin on each side, an intramarginal fascia
(sometimes interrupted in the middle) on each side, and posteriorly
confluent with the marginal fascia, a spot at each basal angle of the
scutellum, the ventral basal part of the head, the basal part of the
costal region of the wing, a spot on each side on the external apical
angle of the metastethium, the margin of the abdomen (interrupted

4 Annals of the South African Museum.

at the segmental sutures), the lateral abdominal oblique spots (a
large one and a small one in each ventral segment), an oblique fascia
on each side of the sixth ventral segment, and a spot on each side of
the genital segment (2) callous and yellow ; two transverse fasciae
on the pronotum just before the middle, a spot near each posterior
lateral angle (sometimes absent), and two oblique fasciae at the base
of the scutellum impunctate, orange red ; the extreme apex on the
head, the eyes, the fourth antennal joint, the rostrum, the coxae,
and the legs reddish brown; the antennae, the apices on the femora,
and the tibiae lighter and yellowish. The head triangular, truncated
apically, with the lateral lobes as long as the medial one ; the antennae
finely pilose, the second joint slender and the longest, the fourth
joint slightly incrassate, very slightly longer than the third ; rostrum
slender, extending to the posterior coxae ; pronotum longer than the
head, medially transversely slightly depressed, with the antero-
lateral margins dilated, with the anterior margin slightly sinuate,
the anterior angles rounded, and the posterior lateral angles slightly
tumid ; scutellum large, convex, completely covering the abdomen ;
pectoral region dull, opaque, black and transversely rugulose ; abdomen
convex beneath, feebly rugulose, punctuated, especially along the
ventral sutures ; genital segment (2), tibiae and tarsi pilose.

Length, 2? 4-45 mm.

Breadth, @ acr. pron. 3 mm.

= 2 acr. abd. 34-4 mm.

One 2 specimen has the margin of the scutellum and three or four
obscure small spots on each side on the posterior lateral surface of
the scutellum orange red. As it does not differ from the type specimen
in other characters, it may be considered as a variation.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (coll. Eriksson).

Sub-fam. 2. Seutellerinae de Castelnau.
Trine 1. ELVISURARIA Stal.
Gen. Eivisura Spin.

1837. Spinola, Essai, p. 357.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 35.
1866. Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., p. 13.

Oxypryma Stal, Enum, i, p. 5, 1873.
Distant, Faun. Brit. Ind. Rhyn. Het., vol. i, p. 39, 1902.

2)

Type.—E. irrorata Spin.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 5

E. wrrorata Spin. S.A.M.
1837. Spinola, Essai, p. 359.
1903. Schouteden, Rhynch. Aeth., i, p. 5, pl. 1, fig. 1.
Hab.—Ovamboland—-Kambele, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. SoLENOSTHEDIUM Spin.
1837. Spinola, Essai, p. 360.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 26.
1873. Stal, Enum., 111, p. 5.
Coeloglossa Germar, Zeitschr., 1, p. 130, 1839.
Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, pp. 35 and 42, 1864.

Type.—S. lilligerum Thb.

39

S. lilligerum Thb. S.A.M.
1783. Thunberg, Nov. Ins., sp. 2, p. 32.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 52.
furcvfer Burmeister, Handb., II, 1, p. 395, 1835.
- Blanchard, Hist. des Ins., i, p. 158, 1840.
sehestedi Germar, Zeitschr., 1, p. 139, 1839. :
Hab.—Damaraland — Grootfontein, Narebis, ; Nuragas, Tsumeb,
Windhuk (M. Exp.), Waterberg-Otanjande, Windhuk
(Seewald).
Ovamboland—Andoni, Kunene R., Nomtele (M. Exp.),
Omaramba (Eriksson).

Tring 2. SPHAEROCORARIA Stal.

Gen. STEGANOCERUS Mayr.
1864. Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xiv, p. 903.
1866. Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., pp. 19 and 20.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 6.
Type.—S. multipunctatus Thh.

S. multepunctatus Thb. S.A.M.
1783. Thunberg, Nov. Ins. sp., 11, p. 3 (Cumez).
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 6.
impluviatus Germar, Zeitschr., 1, p. 77, 1839.
argus Dallas, List, i, p. 8, 1851.
Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. SPHAEROCORIS Burm.
1835. Burmeister, Handb., 1, p. 390.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, pp. 35 and 46.

Type.—S. annulus Fabr.

S. annulus Fabr. (=S. ocellatus Klug). S.A.M.
1834. Klug, Symb., v, pl. xlin, figs. 1-3 (Tetyra).
1835. Burmeister, Handb., II, i, p. 391.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 46.

argus Gerstaecker, v. d. Decken’s Reise., 111, 2, p. 395, 1878.
Hab.—Ovamboland, Omaramba (Eriksson).

S. testudo-grisea de Geer. S.A.M.

1778. de Geer, Mém. Hist. Ins., vii, p. 616, pl. xlvi, figs. 2 and 3.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 252.
punctarius Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 49, 1864.
z, Stal, Enum., ui, p. 7, 1873.
5 Gerstaecker, v. d. Decken’s Reise., iti, 2, p. 396, 1873.
Hab.—Damaraland—Namutoni-Outjo (Seewald).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Trise 3. SCUTELLERARIA Stal.

Gen. CALLIDEA L. de Castelnau.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai, p. 71.
1835. Burmeister, Handb., II, i, p. 393.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, pp. 35 and 41.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 23.

Inbyssa Dallas, List, 1, pp. 4 and 20, 1851.
Type.—C. signata Fabr.

C. duodecompunctata Fabr. (=C. Dreger Germar). S.A.M.

1798. Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Suppl., p. 527 (Cumez).
1837. Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 191.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 42.

1873. Stal, Enum., p. 23.

examinans White, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., ii, p. 85, 1842.
signorett Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 210, 1853.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 7

duodecompunctata Schaum, Peters’ Reis. Moss. Ins., 35, 1862.
Hab.—Namaqualand (according to Rehbock).
Damaraland — Grootfontein (Volkmann), Grootfontein-
Namutoni and Namutoni-Outjo (Seewald), Okahandja
(Schultze and Dinter), Tsumeb (Howes).

Trise 4. TETYRARIA Stal.

Gen. Horna Am. et Serv.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 41.
1851. Dallas, List, 1, pp. 5 and 39.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, pp. 35 and 53.
1876. Stal, Enum., iu, p. 24.
Sub-gen. Phymatogonia Stal, Enum., iil, pp. 24 and 25, 1873.
Sub-gen. Tylonca Stal, Enum., i, pp. 24 and 25, 1873.

Type.—H. gambiae Westwd. (=H. subfasciata Westwd.).

H. subfasciata Westwd. S.A.M.

1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., 1, p. 11.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 54.
falcata Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 191, 1837.
gambiae Dallas, List, 1, p. 39, 1851.
vicina Signoret, Rev. et Mag. Zool., p. 441, 1851.
Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (Heimann).

Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson), Uwuthya (M. Exp.).

Gen. DERopPLAX Mayr.
1864. Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xiv, p. 905.
1874. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 25.

Argocoris Mayr, loc. cit., 1864.
Sergia Stal, Hem. Afr., i, pp. 35 and 56, 1864.
, Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., p. 15, 1866.

Type.—D. circumducta Germ.

D. obscura Dall. S.A.M.
1851. Dallas, List, i, p. 40.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 58.

natalensis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 211, 1853.
Hab.—Damaraland (Eriksson).

Annals of the South African Museum.

D. allota Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 311.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 58.

Hab.—Damazraland — Otjituo (M. Exp.), Windhuk (Breddin),
Namutoni (M. Exp.).

TRIBE 5. ODONTOTARSARIA Stal.

Gen. ALPHOCORIS Germ.

1839. Germar, Zeitschr., 1, p. 58.

1851. Dallas, List, 1, p. 5.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, pp. 35 and 60.
1866. Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., p. 13.
1873. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 26.

Sphenaspis Jakowleff, Troudy. Ent. Ross., x, p. 72, 1878.
Type.—A. lixordes Germ.

A. andutus Stal. S.A.M.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 61.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 27.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsintsabis, Tsumeb, Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. XEROBIA Stal.
1873. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 29.
Type.—X. sculpturata Stal.

X. sculpturata Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 311.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 61.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 29.

Hab.—Damaraland—Karibib (M. Exp.), Otjiwarongo (J. Brown),
Swakop (Stal), Rooibank (Schultze), Windhuk (Breddin),
Outjo (Langheld).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 9

Sub-fam. 3. Graphosomatinae Dist.

Tripe 1. GRAPHOSOMATARIA Schout.

Gen. BoLBpocoris Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 50.

1851. Dallas, List, 1, p. 44.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 85.

1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 30.

1903. Schouteden, Rhynch. Aethiop., 1, 1, p. 99.

Dybowskyia Jakowlefi, Bull. Mosc., 11, p. 85.
Type.—B. rufus Westwd. (=éricolor Am. et Serv.).

B. obscuricornis Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 311.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 87.

Hab.—Damaraland---Otjituo (M. Exp.).

B. parmatus n. sp. S.A.M.
(GEM, Ie ial, .))

Body slightly longer than broad, brownish ochraceous ; the basal
spot on the eyes, the anterior pronotal margin, the antero-lateral parts,
the obsolete and irregular transverse rugosities, and an obsolete longi-
tudinal ruga on the pronotum, the callosities near the basal angles of
the scutellum, the lateral parts, the medial longitudinal impunctate
carina and the posterior margins of the scutellum, the upper part of
the prostethium, the basal costal part of the corium, an interrupted
fascia across the meso- and metastethia, and the acetabula feebly
punctuated, paler, more yellowish; the head, the pronotum, the
scutellum, the basal parts of the coria, and the entire ventral surface
covered with dark brown punctuations ; the antennae, the eyes, the
ocelli, the first rostral joint, the medial line on the rostrum, the coxae,
the trochanters and the tarsi reddish brown; the bases and apices
of the second and fourth antennal joints, the fifth joint, the sutures
between the cephalic lobes, the basal part of the head, the apical
part on the under surface of the head, the apex of the rostrum, the
anterior intramarginal punctuations, some punctuations surrounding
the two anterior rugae, the foveate areas on each side near the posterior

10 Annals of the South African Museum.

lateral angles and the posterior margin, the punctuations near the
scutellar callosities, the posterior lateral regions of the scutellum, a
spot on the posterior apical angle of the prostethium, two interrupted
fasciae on each side across the meso- and metastethia, the entire
sternum, the medial part of the first abdominal segment beneath,
the margin and a broad lateral fascia on each side of the abdomen
continuous on the sixth ventral segment blackish brown.

The head triangular, with the lateral lobes longer than the medial
lobe and contiguous apically, with the sides slightly sinuate beyond
the slight projections in front of the eyes ; ocelli situated posteriorly
to the eyes, separated about three times their distance from the eyes ;
antenniferous tubercles not visible from above ; antennae five-jointed,
with the second joint slender, longer than the first, the third shorter
than the second, but slightly longer than the fourth, the fifth slightly
incrassate and longer than the second, the last two finely pilose ;
rostrum extending to posterior coxae, first joint extending beyond
the unarmed and slightly elevated bucculae, about equal to the second
very slender joint, the third short and dilated ; pronotum about twice
as long as the head, obsoletely rugulose anteriorly, foveate laterally
near the prominent and rounded posterior lateral angles, anterior
margin sinuate, lateral margins feebly sinuate, anterior lateral angles
obtuse ; scutellum convex, extending to near the apex of the abdomen,
medially carinate, with an oblique depression on each side demarcating
the elevated basal part, the lateral margins sinuate, but the sides
more or less parallel; sternum sulcate; abdomen convex, rugulose,
and slightly tubercular along its lateral margins ; genital segment (9),
the coxae, the under surfaces of the tibiae and the tarsi pilose; tarsi
three-jointed, with the basal and apical joints about equal, longer
than the second ; the ¢ slightly smaller than the 9.

Length, $5 mm.; ¢ 5:3 mm.

Breadth, g acr. pron. 3-6 mm.; 94 mm.

Breadth, 3 acr. abd. 3-3 mm.; 9? 34-4 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

B. rufus Westwd. S.A.M.
1837. Westwood, Hope Cat. Hem.., i, p. 12.
1839. Germar, Zeitschr., i, p. 57.
1839. Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz., v, p. 42, fig. 494.
carinatus Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 188, 1837.
tricolor Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 50, 1843.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna. of South-West Africa. 11

Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub, Nuragas, Tsintsabis (M. Exp.), “ N.-H.
Damaraland ” (Eriksson).
Ovamboland (after Eriksson)—Kunene R. and Namakunde
(M. Exp.), Omaramba (Eriksson).

B. variolosus Germ. S.A.M.

1839. Germar, Zeitschr., i, p. 58.

1842. Klug, Preisverz, p. 12.

1859. Klug, Stett. Ent. Zeit., xx, p. 80.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 87.

rufus Dallas, List, i, p. 45, 1851.
Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.).

Gen. PHYMATOCORIS Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 213.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 88.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 30.

Type.—P. strumosus Stal.

P. strumosus Stal. S.A.M.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 213.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 88.
1903. Schouteden, Rhynch. Aethiop., 1, i, p. 110, pl. u, fig. 9.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. BRACHYCEROCORIS Costa.

1863. Costa, Rend. Ac. Napl. (2), viii, p. 191.
1867. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 502.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 30.

Teucrus Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 168, 1865.
Teressa Walker, Cat. Heter., 1, p. 113, 1867.

Type.—B. camelus Costa.

B. afer Stal.

1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 3f.
1903. Schouteden, Rhynch. Aethiop., 1,1, p. 108, pl. un, fig. 8.

Hab.—Damaraland (after Stal).

12 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sub-fam. 4. Cydninae Bilberg.

Gen. CepHaLoctrEus Duf.

1834. Dufour, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 342, pl. v, figs. 1-7.
1881. Signoret, zbid., p. 38, pl. 1, figs. 1-7.

Type.—C. scaraboeordes Fabr.

C. punctipennis Stal. S.A.M.

1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 21.
1881. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 40, pl. i, fig. 2.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

Gen. LactistEs Schiddte.

1849. Schiddte, Kroy. Nat. Tidskr., 11, p. 456.
1881. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 48.

Type.—L. vericulatus Schiddte.

L. falcipes n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. I, figs. 2, 2a, and 20.)

Deep chocolate brown and shining ; the head, the eyes, the anterior
part of the pronotum, the basal part of the scutellum, the sutures
between the clavus and scutellum, between the clavus and the corium,
the lateral costal and subcostal parts on the corium and the spines on
the tibiae darker; the bases and apices of the antennal joints, the
anterior reflected margins of the cephalic lobes, the bristles on the
head, the ventral basal margin of the head, the second rostral joint,
the articulations between the joints, the marginal bristles on the
pronotum and basal costal margin of the corium, the acetabula, the
coxae, the bristles on the femora, the apices of the slender spines and
the bristles on the tibiae and abdomen, and all the tarsi reddish brown
to golden yellow ; the ocelli red ; the membrane yellowish brown.

Head about half as long as the pronotum, with broad lateral lobes
contiguous in front of the medial one, the anterior margins reflected
and rounded, the basal interocellar part smooth and slightly elevated,
the rest of the surface feebly punctuate, transversely rugulose ; each
lateral lobe with five upright bristles ; eyes spinose at base ; the third,
fourth and fifth antennal joints slightly incrassate, fusiform and finely
pilose, second joint about as long as the first, slightly shorter than

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 13

the third, the fourth with a slender base, slightly longer than the
third, shorter than the fifth; rostrum extending to the posterior coxae,
with the second joint longer than the first, the third about equal
to the first and longer than the fourth ; pronotum with the anterior
part narrower than the posterior, with the surface punctuated
anteriorly, antero-laterally and transversely behind the middle,
leaving the posterior margin and angles free, with 7-9 bristles on each
lateral margin and three long intramarginal bristles situated in slight
depressions on each side (two anteriorly behind the eyes and one
laterally at about the middle), with the posterior lateral angles not
prominent ; scutellum triangular, feebly punctuated medially ; the
clavus longitudinally punctuated along its corial suture; corium
about as long as the pronotum is broad, traversed by longitudinal
series of punctuations along the claval, costal, and subcostal regions,
with three bristles on basal costal margin; membrane extending
beyond the abdomen; the anterior acetabula prominently elevated ;
the coxae finely pilose posteriorly ; ostioliferous canal (fig. 2b) armed
with a blunt tubercle or recurved hooklet ; abdomen convex, smooth,
with a few bristles laterally and apically ; femora armed with long
slender backwardly directed bristles arranged more or less in two
rows on their under surfaces ; anterior tibiae compressed, paddle-like,
armed with 6-8 spines on their outer margins, and with 5 or 6 major
spines and some smaller ones and bristles on their inner margins and
under surfaces; anterior tarsi inserted subapically ; two posterior
tibiae spinose, especially on their superior surfaces, with a crown of
8 or 9 spines on their apices.

Length, ¢ and 2 to tip of membrane 7-8 mm.

Breadth, ¢ and 2 acr. pron. 34-4 mm.

Breadth, ¢ and @ acr. abd. 4 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein, Nuragas, Windhoek (M. Exp.).

Ovamboland—Mafa, Namakunde (M. Exp.), Omaramba
(Eriksson).

Gen. PLonisa Sign.
1881. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 326.
Type.—P. tartarea Stal.

P. plagiata Sign. S.A.M.
1881. Signoret, loc. cit., p. 327, pl. xi, fig. 52.
Hab.—Ovamboland (coll. Eriksson).

14 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. Cypnus Fabr.

1803. Fabricius (part), Syst. Rhyng., p. 184.
1882. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6), xi, p. 145.

Aethus Dallas, List Hem., 1, pp. 110 and 112, 1851.

» Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., i, p. 423, 1882.
Microporus Uhler, Geol. Geog. Surv., p. 275, 1875.
Cyrtomenus Amyot et Serville (part), Hem., p. 90, 1843.

Type.—C. ngritus Fabr.

C. hirsutus n. sp. S.A.M.
(RIE tic roe)

The body oval, black, shining ; the eyes, the antennae, the rostrum,
the posterior margin of the pronotum, often the medial part and the
apex of the scutellum, the apical part of the corium, the femora, the
tibiae, and the bristles on the head, pronotum, and the body deep
reddish brown ; the spines on the tibiae black ; the fine hairs on the
antennae, the apices of third, fourth, and fifth antennal joints, and
the tarsi pale yellowish brown; the ocelli yellow or reddish; the
membrane dirty yellowish white.

The head semicircular in front of the eyes, with the lateral lobes
punctuated, as long as the medial one, with the anterior margins
reflected upwards, on each side with five intra-marginal spines and
four long bristles, with two bristles in slight depressions (one anteriorly
and the other in front of the eye), with the posterior basal part smooth,
slightly elevated ; eyes spinose at their bases ; the third, fourth, and
fifth antennal joints fusiform, finely pilose, second joint slightly longer
than the first, the third shorter than the second, the fourth and fifth
of about equal length and slightly longer than the others ; rostrum
extending to about the middle coxae, the second joint longer than the
first ; pronotum about one and a half times the length of the head,
slightly narrower anteriorly than posteriorly, with 13-14 bristles on
each side and three intramarginal ones in slight depressions surrounded
by dense punctuations (two anteriorly behind the eyes and one
laterally at about the middle), with coarse punctuations anteriorly,
antero-laterally and transversely behind the middle ; scutellum large,
triangular, slightly depressed basally, punctuated along its basal and
lateral margins, with the disc punctuated densely apically near the
feebly foveate apex; the costal margin of hemelytra with 9-11
bristles ; mesosternum, coxae and the femora with slender bristles ;

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 15

abdomen beneath finely punctuated, rugulose laterally, with slender
bristles laterally and apically.
In the ¢ the pronotum is slightly depressed anteriorly and medially.
Length of ¢ and 9 to tip of membrane 5-6-6-5 mm.
Breadth of g and § acr. pron. 3-3-3 mm.
Breadth of ¢ and 2 acr. abd. 3-3°5 mm.
Hab.—Damaraland—Sandup (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R., Namakunde
(M. Exp.).
CC. lautipennis Stal.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 312.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 21.
1882. Signoret, Ant. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 151, pl. vi, fig. 89.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kuisib area (after Stal).
Damaraland—Walfish Bay (Deutsche-Kolonialgesellschaft).

C. ondicus Westwd.
1837. Westwood, Hope Cat., i, p. 19.
1882. Signoret, Ant. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 28, pl. 1, fig. 69.

perosus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 214, 1853 (Aethus).
, Stal, Hem. Afr., p. 23, 1864.
umpressicollis Signoret, Ant. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 923, 1864 (Aethus).
3 Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 23, 1864 (Aethus).
Hab.—‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ” (after Seiner).

Gen. ANGRA Schum.
1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvu, p. 4.
Type.—A. ciliata Schum.

A. ciliata Schum.
1913. Schumacher, loc. cit.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Prince of Wales’ Bay (Schultze).

Sub-fam. 5. Pentatominae Stal.
Tripe 1. HALYINI Stal.
Gen. COENOMORPHA Dall.

1851. Dallas, List, 1, p. 191.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 45.

Type.—C. nervosa Dall.

Annals of the South African Museum.

C. nervosa Dall. S.A.M.

1851. Dallas, Mist; 1, p. 192:
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 103.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein, Tsumeb (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland (Eriksson).

Gen. ATELOCERA L. de Castelnau.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Ess., p. 63.
1835. Dallas, List, 1, p. 152.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 46.

Atelocerus Burmeister, Handb., II, i, p. 361, 1835.
Type.—A. armata de Castelnau.

A. natalensis Stal. S.A.M.
1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 216.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 95.

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (M. Exp.), Sandfontein (Gilman),
N.-E. Damaraland (Eriksson).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

A. foveata Dall.

1851. Dallas, List, i, p. 178.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 97.
lentiginosa Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 216, 1853.
Hab.—‘ 8.-W. Protectorate ” (according to Liibbert).
Damaraland—Gobabis (Gentz), Okahandja (Schultze), Outjo
(Langheld), Omaheke (v. Trotha), Windhuk (Techow).

A. notatipennis Stal.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 312.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 97.

Hab.—‘‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ’’ (after Lindt and Liibbert).
Damaraland—Okahandja (Schultze, Casper), Swakop (Stal),
Windhuk (Techow).

A. stictica Westwd. S.A.M.

1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 20.
1851. Dallas, List, 1, p. 177.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 17

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 94.
Hab.—Damaraland—Gobabis (Dr. Knobel), Waterberg, Windhuk
(M. Exp.).

Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. Hatys Fabr.
1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 103.
1867. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 510.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 45.
Type.—H. dentatus Fabr.

H. clausmtzert Schum.
1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 57.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (Heimann).

Gen. PHRicopDUs Spin.
1840. Spinola, Rev. Mag. Zool.
1851. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 91.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 49.
Stenotoma Westwood, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., iv, p. 248, 1847.
Type.—P. hystrix Germ.

P. hystrix Germ. S.A.M.
1837. Germar in Silberm Rev., v, p. 134.
1840. Spinola, loc. cot., pl. xl.
1849. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 327, pl. ix, fig. 3.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 92.
desjardinst Westwood, Tr. Ent. Lond., iv, p. 249, pl. xvin, fig. 6,
1847. :
fasciatus Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., vin, p. 924, 1861.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Onoolonga (M. Exp.).

Trise 2. SCIOCORINI Stal.
Gen. Kupopopus Kirk.
(=Popopus Am. et Serv.).

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 101.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 124.

1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 50.

1904. Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 280.

Type.—E#. orbicularis Burmeister.
VOL. XXIII, PART |.

bo

Annals of the South African Museum.

E. mundus Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar in Silberm, Rev., v, p. 183.
1851. Fieber, Rhynch., p. 15.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

E.. orbicularis Burm. S.A.M.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., II, 1, p. 373.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 101.
1851. Fieber, Rhynch., p. 14.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 125.
capensis Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 18, 1837.
Hab.—Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Seiner). |

Damaraland—Okahandja (Casper), Windhuk (Seewald) and

(M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson), Mafa (M. Exp.).

Gen. Sciocoris Fall.

1829. Fallen, Hem. Suec., p. 20.

1851. Fieber, Rhynch., p. 12.

1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xxix, p. 35.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 50.

Type.—sS. terreus Schrank.

S. fuscosparsus Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 312.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 122.

Hab.—T’kons Fountain, 8.-W. Protectorate (aiter Stal).

TRIBE 3. AEKPTINI Stal.

Gen. Dymantis Stal.

1861. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 199.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 110.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 51.

Type.—D. plana Fabr.

D. plana Fabr. S.A.M.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 183.
1839. Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz., v, p. 75, fig. 519.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 19

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 110.

binotata Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 181, 1855.
» bal, zbed., p. 55, 1856 (Paramecocoris).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Namakunde (M. Exp.).

D. subvittata Stal.
1861. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 200.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 111.
Hab.—‘‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ” (after Liibbert).

Gen. Pretorius Dist.

1898. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., VII, ui, p. 298.
Type.—P. tebralis Dist.

P. tibialis Dist. S.A.M.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Namakunde (M. Exp.); also
Rhodesia—Salisbury (Dr. M. Melle), Inziza (J. French).
Transvaal (after Distant).

Trise 4. MYROCHEINI Stal.

Gen. DELEGORGUELLA Spin.

(=ParaMeEcocoris Stal.)
1850. Spinola, Mem. Soc. Ital. Modena, xxv, p. 33.
Paramecocoris Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 215, 1853.
i Stal, zbid., p. 199, 1861.
as Stal, Enum., v, p. 53, 1876.

Type.—D. elliptica Spin.

D. ventralis Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 181 (Cimez).
1851. Dallas, List, i, p. 134.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 114.

fatidicus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 215, 1853.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

20 Annals of the South African Museum.

D. vittiventris Stal.

1861. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 200.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 114.

Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Casper), “Terr. fluv. Swakop ”
(after Stal).

TriBE 5. PENTATOMINI Stal.

Gen. Untunea Dist.

1892. Distant, Ent. Month. Mag., ser. 2, iii, p. 237.
Type.—U. typica Dist.

U. typica Dist. S.A.M.
1892. Distant, loc. cit.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

U. typica var. cornuta nov. S.A.M.
(PI. IT, fig. 2.)

The body ochraceous, densely punctuated ; the third and fourth
antennal joints, the punctuations on the head, the eyes, the medial
longitudinal line and the apex of the rostrum, the anterior margins
and apices of the produced posterior lateral pronotal angles, the punc-
tuations on the anterior declined part and those in the foveae posteriorly
near the bases of the lateral angles of the pronotum, the punctuations
on the scutellum (especially near its apex) on each side of the medial
impunctate fascia, the punctuations laterally on each side from the
metastethium on to the abdomen below, the basal part of the abdomen
above, the dorsal sutures of the segments and an irregular fascia on
each side dorsally extending on to the connexivum dark brown ; the
basal posterior regions of the posterior lateral angles above and below,
the costal and subapical parts of the coria and the superior surfaces
on the tibiae pale testaceous ; the membrane light brownish yellow ;
alae opalescent hyaline.

The head large, rounded in front, with the lateral lobes as long as
the medial one and touching at the apex, and the antenniferous
tubercles visible from above ; the first antennal joint short, incrassate,
not reaching the apex of the head, the second long, about as long
as the head, the third and fourth shorter, subequal; rostrum long,
slender, extending to about the base of the fourth abdominal

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 21

segment below, with the first and second joints subequal, the third
much longer, and the fourth much shorter than the third, but
slightly longer than the second; pronotum together with the head
steeply declined in front, about twice as broad as long, with the
posterior lateral angles acutely produced horizontally and slightly
forwards ; scutellum with its base roundly elevated ; mesosternum
longitudinally prominently carinate ; abdomen broad, flat and disc-
like, broader than the hemelytra, with the apices of the sixth abdominal
segment (2) acutely pointed, with the apical margin of the genital
segment truncated.

Length, 2 to tip of membrane 64 mm.

Breadth, 2 acr. pron. 4 mm.

Breadth, 2 acr. abd. 4 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

The 2 specimen does not differ in specific characters from the 9
specimen of U. typicain our collection. The only differential character
seems to be the acutely and characteristically produced posterior
lateral angles. As this is not sexual it is most likely a variation from
the type.

Gen. Mecripea Dall.
1851. Dallas, List, 1, p. 139.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 132.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 37.

Cerataulax Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 335, 1851.
Type.—WM. indica Dall.

M. linearis Dall. S.A.M.
1851. Dallas, loc. cit., p. 139.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein, Narebis, Otjituo, Tsumeb and
Waterberg (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Namakunde, Otjimbumbe, Kenene R., On-
gandjera (M. Exp.).

Gen. TROPICORYPHA Mayr.

1864. Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xiv, p. 190.
1866. Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., p. 59.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 73.

Type.—T. bifida Thb.

22 Annals of the South African Museum.

T. denticollis Bredd.

1913. Breddin (Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena., xvii, p. 53).
Hab.—Namaqualand—Prince of Wales’ Bay (Schultze).

Gen. Hatypicoris Jeannel.

(=Hatyomorpua Mayr.)
1913. Jeannel, Voy. de Ch. Alluaud, 1911-12. No.1. Pentatomidae.
Type.—d. pretoriae Dist.

H. capitata Dist. S.A.M.
1892. Distant, Nat. in Transvaal, Append., p. 249, t. i, fig. 3.
Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

Gen. HEGELOcHUs Stal.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 76.
Type.—H. tristiculus Stal.

Hf. tristiculus Stal.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 159.
Hab.—Damaraland— Terr. fluv. Swakop ” (after Stal).

Gen. ANDOCIDES Stal.

1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 76.
Type.—A. vitiaticeps Stal.

A. vittaticeps Stal.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 159.
Hab.—Damaraland.—‘ Terr. fluv. Swakop ”’ (after Stal).

Gen. VETERNA Stal.

1864, Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 153.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 76.

Type.—V. sanguineirostris Thb.

Contributions to.a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 23

V. wmitatrix n. sp.
(Pl. I, fig. 4.) S.A.M.

The body dull olive green above, paler below; the antennae, the
upper surface of the head, the ocelli, the two longitudinal, medial,
obscure fasciae at the base, and a subapical spot on each side of the
scutellum, the clavus, the basal part of the corium, an apical spot
near the inner angle, an intramarginal oblong spot near the outer
apical angle and an obscure central spot on the corium, some spots
on the membranal veins, a broad medial fascia on the dorsal surface
of the abdomen, the connexivum, the broad lateral abdominal regions
beneath, the genital segment (3), the small spots on the femora
especially near their apices, the small spots on the tibiae, the apices
of the tibiae and the tarsi reddish brown; the apices of the second,
third, fourth, and fifth antennal joints, the eyes, the obscure medial
part of the head, the longitudinal line and the apex of the rostrum, a
transverse fascia on each side of the pronotum, the apices and the
posterior basal parts of the produced posterior lateral angles, an
obscure lateral longitudinal fascia near the posterior angles and the
basal parts of the pronotum, infusions to the clavus, a broad lateral
fascia on each side and some medial spots on the sutures on the
abdomen above, the basal and apical angles of the segments on the
-connexivum and the spiracles black ; the anterior and ventral basal
surfaces of the posterior lateral angles orange red ; the third, fourth,
and fifth antennal joints and the narrow basal part of the head
infused with red; the anterior pronotal callosities, the lateral margins,
an obscure medial longitudinal fascia traversing the pronotum and
the scutellum, the lateral basal parts and the apex of the scutellum,
the basal costal part and the medial costal part of the corium, the
under surface of the head, the mesosternum and a broad obscure
fascia across the pectoral region yellowish white; the callous spots
on the clavus and corium, some obscure lateral spots on the abdomen
beneath, the coxae and the extreme bases of the femora greenish
white ; the membrane hyaline and the ventral surface of the abdomen
dull bluish white or “ slate ” colour.

The head triangular, slightly shorter than the pronotum, with the
lateral lobes as long as the medial one, with the sides slightly sinuate
beyond the eyes, with the medial part punctuated and the rest rugu-
lose and punctuated, with the antenniferous tubercles visible from
above ; the first antennal joint short, not reaching the apex of the
head, the second joint the longest, the third and fourth equal, but

24 Annals of the South African Museum.

shorter than the second, slightly longer than the fifth; rostrum
extending over the base of the third abdominal segment, with the
second joint the longest and the third and fourth subequal ; pronotum
about three times as broad as long, declined anteriorly, with the
anterior and lateral margins sinuate, the posterior lateral angles promi-
nent and horizontally produced, with the surface coarsely punctate
and transversely rugulose; scutellum broad, triangular, convex at
the base, transversely rugulose and pitted postero-laterally and
apically, with its sides slightly sinuate beyond the middle; clavus
and corium with irregular callous spots and dense punctuations ;
the membrane extending slightly beyond the abdomen; lateral
pectoral, abdominal, and under surfaces of the head feebly punc-
_ tate; abdomen broader than hemelytra; tibiae sulcated on their
superior surfaces.

This species is allied to V. mimica of Distant, from which it differs
by the more declined head, the longer pronotum, the broader, less
acutely produced, horizontal, posterior lateral angles, the broader
scutellum, the longer rostrum, etc.

Length, ¢ 11 mm.

Breadth, ¢ acr. pron. 7 mm.

Breadth, ¢ acr. abd. 6 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).

V. pugionata Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 313.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 156.

Hab.—Damaraland—“ Hikhams ”’ (=Windhuk, after Stal).

Gen. CauRA Stal.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 168.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 77.

Type.—C. pugillator Fabr.

C. rufiwentris Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 167.
1844. Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz., vii, p. 96, fig. 757.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 169.

Hab.—Damaraland—N.-E. Damaraland (Eriksson), Namutoni-
Outjo (Seewald).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 25

Gen. Diptoxys Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 138.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 126.
1872. Stal, Enum., v, p. 78.

Ancyrocoris Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xiv, p. 911, 1864.
Type.—D. acanthura Westwd. (=Senegalensis Am. et Serv.).

D. bipunctata Am. et Serv. S.A.M.

1843. Amyot et Serville, loc. cit.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 128.

bumaculata Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 134, 1858 (Gonopsis).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

D. fallax Stal. S.A.M.
1864. Stal, loc. cit., p. 129.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Kachipu, Kunene R., Onoolonga (M. Exp.).

Gen. AELIOMORPHA Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 313.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 173.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 79.

Tetratoma Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 339, 1851.
Type.—A. semulans Stal.

A. bella Stal. : S.A.M.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 217.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 173.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Namakunde (M. Exp.), Omaramba
(Eriksson).
A. petulca n. sp. S.A.M.

(Pl. I, fig. 7.)

The body olivaceous to brownish ochraceous above, with a feeble
metallic lustre, densely covered with dark brown punctuations; the
medial part of the head, the lateral margins, an intramarginal fascia
on each side on the under surface (extending from the eyes to the
apex), sometimes part of the first antennal joint, the apices of the
fourth and fifth joints, the apex of the rostrum, four longitudinal

26 Annals of the South African Museum.

fasciae on the anterior part of the pronotum, one near the medial line
and one intramarginally on each side, four short oblique basal fasciae
on the scutellum, one in each basal angle and one on each side at the
base of the central triangular, darkly punctuated part and a short
subapical fascia on each side of the central line, the clavus, the basal
contiguous part and the apical region near the inner apical angle on
the corium, a lateral fascia on each side on the under surface (ex-
tending across the pectoral and lateral abdominal regions), some
punctuations above the acetabula, the sternum, a medial longitudinal
ventral fascia on the abdomen, and the basal and apical margins of the
segments on the connexivum black; a central longitudinal line travers-
ing part of the head, the pronotum, and the scutellum, the narrow
anterior and the broader lateral pronotal margins, two longitudinal
fasciae one on each side across the anterior callosities on the pronotum,
the callosities near the basal angles and a broad lateral fascia on each
side of the scutellum, the broad costal region of the corium, an initer-
rupted fascia across the pectoral and lateral abdominal regions
yellowish white ; the legs yellowish white to yellowish brown, with the
apices of the tibiae and the tarsi darker.

The head large, convex, arched, about as long as or slightly shorter
than the pronotum, with the lateral lobes as long as the medial one,
with their sides distinctly sinuate beyond the eyes; ocellifar apart; the
rostrum extending slightly beyond the posterior coxae, with the second
joint longer than the first, the third and fourth subequal and shorter
than the second ; pronotum about twice as broad as long, medially
slightly transversely depressed, with the anterior margin sinuate, the
lateral margins straight, and the posterior lateral angles not prominent,
rounded ; scutellum large, triangular, slightly convex at the base,
with its apex comparatively broad; hemelytra slightly ‘narrower
than the abdomen, with the costal margin not straight, slightly curved,
and the membrane extending slightly beyond the abdomen; under
surface of the body less densely punctuated than upper surfaces ;
the antennae, the rostrum, the genital segment and the legs finely
pilose. |

3. Small; antennae incrassate, the second joint very short, the
third, fourth, and fifth about equal in length ; the head and pronotum
together convex, gracefully arched ; the scutellum visibly depressed
beyond the middle ; opaque lateral abdominal patches absent. |

Length, 6-6-6 mm. |

Breadth, 3-5-4 mm. Mier

Q?. Larger; antennae slender, the second joint longer, the third

Contributions to a Knowledge of the: Fauna:of South-West Africa. 27

slightly shorter than the fourth and fifth equal cae the head and
pronotum less gracefully arched. ,
Length, 7-7-5 mm.
Breadth, 4—4:5 mm.
Hab.—Damaraland—Nagusib (M. Exp.) ; also
Cape Province—Seymour (Peringuey).
Natal—Scottburgh (Barnard).
S. Rhodesia—Bulawayo (Tucker).

A. semiviridis n. sp. S.A.M.
(RIOT, fie: <8:)

The body oblong, dull greenish to greenish ochraceous above,
densely punctuated (except for part of the pectoral region, the sternum
and, a medial longitudinal band on the abdomen below) ; the medial
basal part of the head, the medial lobe, the lateral margins of the
lateral lobes, the eyes, a broad medial longitudinal fascia (often
indistinct), and the lateral margin of the pronotum, a broad fascia on
each side of the central levigate line on the scutellum, the basal part
of the clavus, the basal subcostal part of the corium, the connexivum,
a lateral fascia on each side of the body beneath, and often the medial,
ventral, basal part of the abdomen dark dull green to greenish ochra-
ceous ; the first and second antennal joints, a fascia laterally on the
head and continuous on each side with a fascia on the pronotum, the
' basal angles and the subapical lateral parts on the scutellum, the
greater part of the corium, a callous fascia across the pectoral regions,
the lateral parts of the abdomen and the greater part of the ventral
surface, the acetabula, the sternum and coxae pale greenish yellow
to greenish white; an obscure longitudinal pronotal line, a distinct
central line on the scutellum and some lines on the corium pale
greenish white; the small spots on the second and third antennal
joints, the apex of the third joint, the fourth and fifth joints, the ocelli,
a medial longitudinal line and the apex of the rostrum, the apical
part of the clavus, the inner apical angle and apical margin of the
corium, the veins on the membrane, the spots arranged more or less
in a transverse row on each segment and the punctuations on the
abdomen below, the basal superior surfaces of the coxae, the greater
part of the ventral surfaces and small spots on the femora and tibiae,
the apices of the tibiae and the tarsi dark brown to testaceous ; the
membrane vitreous, and the punctuated dorsal surface of the abdomen
deep dark brown. |

28 Annals of the South African Museum.

The head large, slightly convex, slightly shorter than the pronotum,
with the lateral lobes as long as the medial lobe, with their sides slightly
sinuate beyond the eyes; the ocelli separated about three times their
distance from the eyes, with a circular, impunctate, callous spot
between each ocellus and eye; the antenniferous tubercles with a
blunt outwardly directed spine; the first antennal joint short, not
reaching the apex of the head, the second slightly longer, the third
the longest, and the fourth and fifth of about equal length; the
rostrum extending a little beyond the posterior coxae, the first and
second joints about equal, the third slightly shorter but longer than
the fourth; pronotum a little less than twice as broad as long, with the
anterior margin sinuate and the lateral margins straight, with the pos-
terior lateral angles rounded, not prominent; scutellum broad, with its
- sides sinuate at the middle; hemelytra narrower than the abdomen,
with the costal and apical margins of the corium curved, and the mem-
brane reaching the apex of the abdomen ; pro-, meso-, and metastethia
with small callous spots ; mesosternum feebly carinate ; the antennae,
the apex of the head, the bucculae, the mesosternum, the abdomen
below, the genital segment and the legs finely pilose.

Length, 2 9-10 mm.

Breadth, 9° 4:-5-4-6 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland —Otjiwarongo (M. Exp.); also

Transvaal—Junction of Crocodile and Marico Rivers
(Tucker).
A. sumulans Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 313.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 175.

Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.).

Ovamboland — Omaramba (Enksson), Otjimbumbe,
Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. Eysarcoris Hahn.
1834. Hahn, Wanz., ii, p. 66.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 135.
Eusarcoris Puton, Cat., p. 11, 1886.
Analocus Stal, Gen. Pent., p. 37, 1872.
Stollia Hllenrieder, Nat. Tydschr. Ned. Ind., xxiv, p. 149, 1862.
, stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 510, 1867.
, stal, Enum., v, p. 81, 1876.

Type.—E£. aeneus Scop.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 29

E. mgripectus n. sp. S.A.M.
(Ved alle Sher, 2)5))

Body above dull ochraceous or greyish; the head, the pronotum,
the scutellum, the clavus and corium, the abdomen above, the
connexivum, the under surface of the head, the pectoral and lateral
abdominal regions darkly and densely punctuated ; the margins of
the lateral lobes, the basal ocular regions, the lateral under surfaces
of the head, the medial line and the apex of the rostrum, the narrow
anterior pronotal margin, the two hammer-shaped callosities on the
pronotum, three obscure spots on the scutellum (two laterally and
slightly beyond the middle and one apically), a broad lateral fascia
extending from behind the eyes across the pro-, meso- and meta-
stethia on to the basal lateral part of the abdomen, some small
segmental spots near the spiracles, the sternum, the basal medial
part, and a large spot medially on the sixth segment of the abdomen
beneath black, with a submetallic lustre; the antennae, the basal
margins of the eyes, a small callous spot behind each eye, the rostrum,
the lateral margins and anterior medial region of the pronotum, the
basal costal part of the corium, the upper dorsal margin of the pro-
stethium, a small callous area near the upper margin of the meta-
stethium, the odoriferous areas and the acetabula (in part), and the
abdomen beneath pale yellowish white; the legs darker, more
yellowish, and the apex of the fourth antennal joint, the fifth joint,
the obscure subapical spots on the under surfaces of the femora, the
basal superior surfaces of the tibiae, and the numerous small spots
on both the femora and the tibiae dark brown ; the ocelli red and the
membrane transparent hyaline.

The head large, triangular, subtruncated anteriorly, with the lateral
lobes as long as the medial one, their sides slightly sinuate beyond the
eyes ; ocelli widely separated; the first antennal joint short, not
reaching the apex of the head, the second and third slender, sub-
equal, slightly longer than the first, the fourth longer, feebly clavate
apically, the fifth slightly shorter than the fourth, incrassate and
fusiform ; the rostrum extending slightly beyond the posterior coxae,
with the first joint extending a little posterior to the bucculae, the
second joint considerably longer, about twice the length of the two
last subequal joints together; pronotum about twice as broad as
long, with the anterior part steeply declined and slightly convex,
the anterior margin deeply sinuate, the lateral margins feebly so,
the anterior lateral angles obtuse, the posterior lateral angles rounded ;

30 Annals of the South African Museum.

scutellum broad, about as long as broad basally, with the lateral
margins sinuate just before the middle, more or less parallel beyond
it; hemelytra slightly narrower than the abdomen; corium about
as long as the scutellum; the membrane extending a little beyond
the abdominal apex; the antennae, the anterior part of the head,
the rostrum, the punctuations on the lateral pronotal regions, those
on the scutellum and coria, the sternum, the abdomen below, the
genital segment and the legs finely pilose. 3

Length, 2 6-3 mm.

Breadth, 2 4 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).

Gen. CARBULA Stal.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 140.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 82.

Type.—C. decorate Sign.

C. marginella Thb. S.A.M.

1822. Thunberg, Hist. Rostr., cap. 11, p. 4.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 144.

Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub, Otjituo, Tsumeb, Waterberg (M. Exp.).

Gen. GYNENICA Dall.

1851. Dallas, List, i, p. 180.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 83.

Type.—G. marginella Dall.

G. marginelia Dall. S.A.M.
1851. Dallas, loc. cit.

Hab.—Damaraland—Waterberg (M. Exp.).

Gen. Durmta Stal.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 146.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 84.

D. lutulenta Stal. S.A.M.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 220.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 151.
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (M. Exp.).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 31

Gen. AGONOSCELIS Spin.

1837. Spinola, Essai, p. 327.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 177.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 84.

Nevroscia Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 109, 1843.
Type.—A. nubila Fabr.

A. erosa Westwd. S.A.M.

1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 33.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 179.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 55, var. nov.
atropurpurea, from Namutoni-Outjo (Seewald).

Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.), Tsumeb (Heimann).

A. puberula Stal. S.A.M.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 216.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 179.

Hab.—Damaraland—Gobabis (Beetz), Narebis, Otjituo (M. Exp.),
Okahandja (Casper), Windhuk (Techow, Rolle).
Ovamboland—Nomtele (M. Exp.).

A. versicolor Fabr. S.A.M.

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 120.
1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhynch., p. 175.
1864. Stal, Hem. Air., i, p. 178.

pubescens Thunberg, Hist. Rostr., cap. ii, p. 2, 1822.
gambiensis Westwood in Hope Cat., p. 32, 1837.
unfuscata Westwood, wbid., p. 32, 1837.
acinorum Germar, 1n Silberm. Reveve pe li, Ian

* Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vii, p. 105, fig. 759, 1844.
rostrata Fabricius, Harold, Mitt. Miinch. Ent., ser. 11, 1879.
Hab.—Damaraland—Omaruru (Volkmann), Waterberg (M. Exp.).

Ovamboland—Ukualonkathi (M. Exp.).

Gen. STENOZYGUM Fieb.

1861. Fieber, Hurop. Hem., p. 345.
1867. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 520.

Annals of the South African Museum.

ey)
bo

1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 86.

Minodia Mulsant et Rey, Pentat., p. 199, 1866.
Strachia Walker, Cat. Hem., pp. 2 and 3, 1867-68.

Type.—sS. variegatum Fieb.

S. alienatum Fabr. S.A.M.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhynch., p. 173.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 184.

elegans Pal. Beauvois, Ins., p. 113, Hem., pl. viii, fig. 5, 1805.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

S. sanguineiventris n. sp. S.A.M,
(Ply ly fies i)

Body black, with a bluish metallic lustre ; the posterior half of the
pronotum, the middle of the scutellum, the clavus and the corium,
the connexivum above and the posterior apical parts of the pro-,
meso- and metastethia punctuated; the lateral margins of the
medial lobe, a crescent-shaped spot in front of each ocellus, four spots
in a transverse row on the anterior lobe of the pronotum, a short
marginal fascia on each side near the posterior lateral angles on the
posterior margin, a large callous spot near each basal angle and a
large apical spot on the scutellum, part of the transverse oblique
subapical fascia on the corlum, some obscure spots on the edges of
the bucculae, the basal part of the second rostral joint, an interrupted
fascia across the acetabula, two spots on the mesostethium, one in the
basal upper angle, and the other in the apical upper angle, the posterior
apical angle of the metastethium, the narrow fasciae on the upper,
lateral, and under surfaces of the intermediate and posterior femora,
the three or four apical spots on all the femora, an obscure longi-
tudinal fascia on the superior surfaces of the intermediate and posterior
tibiae and the apical superior spot on all the tibiae yellowish white; a
spot on each lateral lobe on the head, the part of the reflected anterior
pronotal margin behind each eye, the fascia in front of and on the
anterior part of the posterior lateral angles, the interrupted medial
longitudinal fascia, and a spot on each side near the anterior lateral
angles of the pronotum, an irregular medial spot on the scutellum,
the narrow costal basal part, a spot near the middle and a posterior
subapical transverse fascia on the corium, the apical parts of the
connexivum, the dorsal surface of the abdomen (except for the black

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 33

lateral margins), a spot on each side on the under surface of the
antenniferous tubercle, the anterior and upper dorsal margins of the
prostethium, two small spots, one at the middle of the prostethium
and the other at the middle of the mesostethium and the apical parts
of the coxae orange; the broad lateral interrupted fascia on each
side and the medial basal part of the abdomen beneath partly scarlet-
red and partly deep yellowish red; the membrane and alae brown,
and the genital segment black. }

The head broad, together with the eyes very slightly broader than the
anterior part of the pronotum, with the anterior lateral lobes slightly
shorter than the medial one, their margins reflected, slightly sinuate
beyond the eyes; the eyes transversely pedunculate ; upper surface
of head (except for a few punctuations) smooth; the first antennal
joint short, very nearly touching the apex, the second slightly longer,
shorter than the third, the fourth incrassate, longer than the third,
the fiith incrassate, fusiform, about as long as the second ; the rostrum
extending slightly beyond the intermediate coxae, with the second
joint longer than the first, slightly shorter than the two apical subequal
ones together ; pronotum about as long as the head, twice as broad as
long, medially transversely depressed, with the margins of the anterior
lobe reflected upwards, slightly sinuate anteriorly and laterally, the
posterior lobe transversely coarsely punctate along grooves, the
posterior lateral angles rounded, not prominent; scutellum triangular,
basally slightly convex and feebly punctate, transversely medially
coarsely punctate and rugulose; hemelytra slightly narrower than
the abdomen ; the coria rugulose, coarsely punctate along the costal
and claval margins; the membrane extending slightly beyond the
abdomen ; anterior tarsi a little more than half as long as the tibiae.

Length, 3 6-5 mm.

Breadth, ¢ 3°5 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).

S. senegalense Kabr. S.A.M.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhynch., p. 179.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 86.

gloriosum Westwood in Hope Cat., 1, p. 34, 1837.
. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 185, 1864.
muswum Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 176, 1837.
Ye Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz., vii, p. 84, fig. 751, 1844.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).
VOL. XXIII, PART 1. ) 3

34 Annals of the South African Museum.

S. vartum Westwd. S.A.M.
1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 34.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 186.
angulare Schaum, Ber. Ak. Berl., p. 357, 1853 ; Peters, Reis. Ins.,
p. 39, pl. ii, fig. 3, 1862.
Hab.—Damaraland—Namutoni-Outjo (Seewald).
Ovamboland—Nomtele (M. Exp.), ‘“ Ovamboland ”
(Eriksson).

Gen. Bacrapa Stal.
1862. Stal, Stett. Ent. Zeit., xxii, p. 105.
1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xxix, iu, p. 39.
1872. Stal, Enum., v, p. 88.
Nitilia Mulsant et Rey, Pentat., p. 197, 1866.
Type.—B. picta Fabr.

B. hilaris Burm. S.A.M.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., II, i, p. 368.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 187.
hebraica Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 177, 1837.
picta Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz., v, p. 64, fig. 508, 1839.
jucunda Klug, Symb., v, pl. xliv, fig. 6, 1845.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Keetmanshoop (Schultze).

Damaraland—Gaub, Tsumeb (M. Exp.), Windhuk

(Rehbock).

Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. Dismecistus Am. et Serv.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 99.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 27.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 21.
Type.—D. fimbriatus Thb.

D. fimbriatus Thb. S.A.M.
1783. Thunberg, Nov. sp. Ins., 1, p. 47, pl. u1, fig. 61.
1822. Thunberg, Hist. Rostr., cap. ii.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 28.
circumcinctus Hahn, Wanz., 11, p. 115, fig. 195, 1834.
Be Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 99, 1848.
Hab.—Ovamboland (coll. Eriksson).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 35

D. rufomarginatus n. sp. S.A.M.
(eM, I, ina. 5.)

Body elongate, oval, slightly convex above, black and shining ;
the ocelli, the broad, lateral, ampliated margins and the posterior
lateral angles of the pronotum, more than half of the broad costal
margin, the claval margin (obscurely so) and an obscure spot near
the inner apical angle of the corium, the connexivum above and below,
the upper dorsal part of the prostethium, the upper apical angle of the
metastethium, the basal medial part of the abdomen beneath, and
the apical margins of the coxae red.

The head directed downwards, with the lateral lobes slightly
reflected upwards, contiguous in front, longer than the medial lobe,
with the surface finely punctuated anteriorly ; the antennae slightly
compressed from the second joint, the first joint short, slightly
incrassate, reaching slightly over the apex, the second, fourth, and
fifth of about equal length, the third shorter, but longer than the
first ; the rostrum reaching the intermediate coxae (9) or the posterior
coxae (3), the first joint very short, the second slightly incrassate, a
little longer than the first, the third about as long as the first and
second together, the fourth slightly shorter than the second; pro-
notum large, slightly declined in front, with the lateral margins
ampliated, slightly reflected upwards, punctuated anteriorly, antero-
laterally on the ampliated margins and transversely across the
middle, the anterior margin slightly sinuate, the lateral margins con-
vexly rounded ; scutellum longer than broad, basally transversely
grooved, basally slightly convex, subcarinate apically, apex directed
downwards; hemelytra as broad as the abdomen beyond the middle,
with the basal costal margin slightly ampliated and reflected upwards ;
clavus and corium densely punctuated ; body underneath feebly punc-
tuated ; the anterior tibiae subtriangular, slightly dilated apically ;
tarsi long, with the first joint about as long as the apical ones together.

dg smaller than 9.

Length, ¢ 8-5 mm.; 2? 12-3 mm.

Breadth, ¢ acr. pron. 5:5 mm.; 2 7-5 mm.

Breadth, g acr. abd. 6 mm.; 2 8 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein (M. Exp.), Windhuk.

This species is allied to fimbriatus Thb., from which it differs by the
larger size, the more elongate ova! shape, the more ampliated lateral pro-
notal margins, the practically impunctate under surface and the slightly
different arrangement of the red pigment on the pronotum and corium.

6 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. NeEzARA Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 133.

1872. Stal, Enum., 1, p. 40.

1776. Stal, cbed., v, p. 91.

Rhaphigaster Dallas, List, 1, p. 274, 1851.

Acrosternum Fieber, Europ. Hem., pp. 79 and 331, 1861.
Sub-gen. Pellaea Stal, Enum., ui, p. 40, 1872.

Type.—U. viridula Linn.

N. prunasis Dall. S.A.M.
1851. Dallas, List, i, p. 279.
Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).

N. viridula Linn. S.A.M.

1758. Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 444.

1775. Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 710.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 166.

1864. Stal, Hem. Aifr., i, p. 193.

1872. Stal, Enum., u, p. 41.

1890. Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., pl. xin, figs. 11 and 12, p. 406.

smaragdula Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 711, 1775.
- Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i (4), p. 2153, 1788.
x Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 144, 1843.
© Fieber, Hurop. Hem., p. 330, 1861.
prasina Dallas, List, i, p. 274, 1851.
, Mulsant et Rey, Pentat., p. 295, 1866.
spirans Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Suppl., p. 533, 1798.
viridissuma Wolff, Icon., p. 55, pl. vi, fig. 52, 1801.
variabilis de Villiers, Ent. Auct., pp. 28, 505, 1789.
unicolor, subsericea, lew, trupunctigera, proxima, chinensis, chloris,
chlorocephala, propinqua, berylina Westwood in Hope Cat.,
je oe, Isa. :
plicaticollis Lucas, Expl. Alg. Ins., p. 87, 1849 ; Hem., pl. iui, fig. 9.
hemichloris Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 166.
orbis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 221, 1853.
approximata Reiche et Fairmaire, Voy. Abyss. Ins., p. 443, 1847.
viridis Scott, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 4, vol. xiv, p. 290.
var. torquata Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 711, 1775.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 37

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas (M. Exp.), Grootfontein (Volkmann),
Okahandja (Dinter), Gobabis (Beetz), Namutoni-Groot-
fontein (Seewald).

Gen. PLATACANTHA Herr. Schf.

1844. Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz., vii, p. 14.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 199.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 95.

Type.—P. lutea Westwd.

P. lutea Westwd.

1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 31.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 199.

transversalis Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 31, 1837.
cerea Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 161, 1837.

, Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz., vii, p. 124, fig. 740, 1844.
Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Peters), Windhuk (Techow).

Gen. ANTESTIA Stal.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 200.
1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 514.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 95.

Type.—A. maculata Dall.

A. maculata Dall. (=lymphata Kirk.).

1851. Dallas, List, 1, p. 241.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 200.

Hab.—‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ”’ (after Liibbert).

A. subconcolor Bredd.
1913. Breddin (Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 56).
Hab.—‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ” (after Schultze).

A. variegata Thb. S.A.M.

1783. Thunberg, Nov. Ins. sp., 11, p. 48, pl. 1, fig. 62.
1822. Thunberg, Hem. Rostr., cap. ui, p. 3.

38 Annals of the South African Museum.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 202.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. Mrenrpa Motsch.
1861. Motschulsky, Etud., x, p. 23.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 97.
Stromatocoris Jakowleff, Bull. Mosc., p. 92, 1876.

Type.—W. violacea Motsch.

M. decoratula Stal. S.A.M.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 222.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 207.

scurrilis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 222, 1853.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland (coll. Eriksson).

Gen. Pizzoporus Fieb.
1861. Fieber, Europ. Hem., pp. 78 and 329.
1872. Stal, Hnum., u1, p. 44.
1876. Stal, abed., v, p. 100.

Type.—P. incarnatus Germ.

P. purus Stal. S.A.M.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 221.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 198 (Nezara).

Hab.—Damaraland—Gobabis (Beetz), Kabus, Kalau (v. Hofe),
Kumutabis (Borrh), Gaub, Namutoni, Narebis, Otjituo,
Otjiwarongo, Tsumeb, Windhuk (M. Exp.), Tsumeb
(K6chig).

Ovamboland—Kunene R., Nomtele (M. Exp.).

P. pallescens Germ.
1837. Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 175.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 198.

flavulus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 221, 1853.
Hab.— Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ” (after Seiner).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 39

Sub-fam. 6. Asopinae (Amyoteinae) Dall.
Tris—E ASOPARIA Schout.

Gen. Dorycoris Mayr.

1864. Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xiv, p. 906.

1870. Stal, Enum., i, p. 36.

1905. Schouteden, Rhynch. Aethiop., i, fasc. 2, p. 134.

Claudia Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, pp. 63 and 74, 1864.
Type.—D. pavoninus Westwd.

D. pavoninus Westwd. S.A.M.

1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 39.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 75.
fuscosus, annulipes Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 187, 1837.
bronzeus Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 40, 1837.
perornatus Walker, Cat. Het., iii, p. 567, 1868.
Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Casper), Otjiwarongo, Tsumeb
(M. Exp.).
Gen. Arrius Stal.
1870. Stal, Enum., 1, p. 44.
Canthecona Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 62, 1864.
Schouteden, Rhynch. Aethiop., 1, fasc. 2, p. 141, 1905.
Type.—A. purpureus Westwd. (figuratus Germ.).

99

A. purpureus Westwd. S.A.M.
1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 43 (Pentatoma).
coerulea, marginella Dallas, List, 1, Hem., p. 89, 1851 (Canthecona).
purpurea Schouteden, Rhynch. Aethiop., 1, fasc. 2, p. 146, 1905
(Canthecona).
yolofa Guerin, Icon. Reg. An. Ins., p. 344, pl. 55, fig. 2, 1838
(Pentatoma).
» Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 67, 1864 (Canthecona).
Hab.—Damaraland—N.-E. Damaraland (Eriksson), Otjiwarongo,
Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

Gen. Giypsus Dall.
1851. Dallas, List, i, Hem., p. 93.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 62 and 63.
1870. Stal, Enum, i, p. 47.
Type.—G. bouviert Schout. (vigil Dall. nec Germ.).

40 Annals of the South African Museum.

G. conspicuus Westwd. S.A.M.

1837. Westwood, Hope Cat., 1, p. 33 (Aelia).
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 64.

pictiventris Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 213, 1853.
Hab.—Damaraland—N.-HK. Damaraland (Eriksson), Namutoni-
Outjo (Seewald).
Ovamboland—Nomtele (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 7. Tessaratominae Stal.

Trine NATALICOLARIA Horvath.

Gen. NaTALIcoLa Spin.

1850. Spinola, Gens. d’Ins. Artr., p. 110.
1891. Bergroth, Rev. d’Ent., t. x, p. 214.

Cyclogaster Westwood, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., ii, p. 20, 1837.
- Stal, Hem. Afr., i, pp. 226 and 233, 1864.
BS Stal, Hnum., i, p. 77, 1870.
Gonelytrum Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 223, 1853.
Sub-gen. Liphaemus Stal, Enum., 1, p. 130, 1872.

Type.—W. delegorquei Spin.

N. pallidus Westwd. S.A.M.

1837. Westwood, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., ii, p. 20, pl. 2, fig. 6.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 233.
1887. Distant, Ent. Month. Mag., xiv, p. 133.

Hab.—Damaraland—N.-K. Damaraland (Eriksson).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. HAPLOSTERNA Stal.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 232.
1870. Stal, Knum., i, p. 78.

Aplosterna Westwood, Hope Cat., i, p. 26, 1837.
Encosternum Spinola, Gens. d’Ins. Artr., p. 107, 1852.
Lamus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 222.

Type.—H. delegorguei Spin. (= Dallasi Stal).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. Al

H. delegorguer Spin. S.A.M.

1852. Spinola, Gens. d’Ins. Artr., p. 109.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 232.

dallast Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 222, 1853.
Hab.—‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ” (after Liibbert).
Damaraland—Windhuk (M. Exp.); N.-H. Damaraland
(Eriksson).

Sub-fam. 8. Dinidorinae Stal.

Gen. Asponcorus L. de Castelnau.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai, p. 58.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, pp. 81 and 212.
1867. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 522.
1870. Stal, Hnum., i, p. 81.

Spongopodium Spinola, Essai Hem., p. 305, 1837.
Amacosia Spinola, Gens. d’Ins. Artr., p. 118, 1852.
Peliagopus Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 936, 1860.
Sub-gen. Aspongopus Stal, Enum., i, p. 81, 1870.
Sub-gen. Colpoproctus Stal, bid.

Type.—A. janus Fabr.

A. nubilus Westwd. S.A.M.

1837. Westwood in Hope Cat., i, p. 23.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 218.

erythrocerus Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 158, 1837.

monachus, sutor Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 223, 1853.

delegorguez Spinola, Gens. d’Ins. Artr., p. 118, 1852 (Amacosia).

Hab.—Damaraland—N.-E. Damaraland (Eriksson), Gobabis
(Beetz), Grootfontein (v. Erffa), Okahandja (Casper, Dinter
and Peters), Windhuk (Techow), Swakop (after Stal).

A. viduatus Fabr. S.A.M.

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 117.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 153 (Cimex and Edessa).
1851. Dallas, List, i, p. 348.

1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 216.

melanopterus, Herr Schaeffer, Wanz., vil, p. 78, fig. 746, 1844.

2 Annals of the South African Museum.

var. gapetus Dist.
1889. Distant, Oates’ Matabeleland, ed. 2, p. 387.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein (Volkmann), Tsumeb (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

A. sartor Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 223.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 219.

Hab.—* Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ” (after Liibbert and Bisegang).

Sub-fam. 9. Phyllocephalinae Dall.

Gen. DALSIRA Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 175.
sO swe, Wrap. 1, jo. IN).

Phyllocephala Dallas, List, 1, p. 352, 1851.
ei Walker, Cat. Het., iii, p. 489, 1868.
Metonymia Kirkaldy, Cat. Hem., i, p. 244, 1900.

Type.—D. affinis Am. et Serv.

D. affinis Am. et Serv. S.A.M.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 176.

fasciata Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 224, 1853 (Phyllocephala).
a Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 236, 1864 (Phyllocephala).
Hab.—Damaraland—N.-E. Damaraland (Eriksson).

D. lentiginosa Stal. S.A.M.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 224.
1864. Stal, Hem. Afr.,1, p. 237 (Phyllocephala).

Hab.—Ovamboland (coll. Eriksson).

Gen. Scuizops Spin.

1837. Spinola, Essai, p. 297.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 120.

Type.—sS. aegyptiaea Lefebvre.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 43

S. otjimbora n. sp. S.A.M.
(PIS EDs fie. 73)

Body elongate, oval; the head and the anterior declined part of
the pronotum pale yellowish red; the antennae, the rostrum, the
posterior part of the pronotum, the scutellum, the clavus and corium,
the dorsal surface of the abdomen, the body beneath and the legs
deeper yellowish red ; the margins of the lateral lobes and the oblique
rugae radiating from the medial lobe, the eyes, the basal parts around
the eyes and ocelli, the margins of the pronotum, the transverse rugae
and callosities on the anterior part, the curved interangular ruga and a
lateral longitudinal obscure callous fascia on each side of the posterior
part continuous with a lateral fascia on the scutellum, the basal angles
and a longitudinal medial callous fascia on the scutellum, the basal
half of the costal margin and some levigate lines near the apex of the
corium, the margin of the connexivum, a callous fascia across the
pro- and mesostethia, three obscure spots, one on each pectoral segment,
a medial sternal line, the bases of the spiracles, some irregular mesh-
like fasciae on the abdomen beneath and the margins of the sulcations
on the tibiae pale yellowish white ; some punctuations on the medial
lobe, the extreme apex of the rostrum, a small spot on each anterior
callosity and some punctuations near the anterior margins and
anterior angles of the pronotum, an abbreviated intra-marginal
basal fascia on each side and the punctuations near the base of the
scutellum, the punctuations on the clavus and corium, the basal part
and spots on the membrane, some coarse punctuations on the pectoral
region and the sternum, a small spot above each acetabulum, and the
spiracular orifices dark brown or blackish.

The head elongate, with the lateral lobes considerably longer than
the medial one, contiguous in front (except near the apices), with the
upper and under surfaces punctuated ; the first antennal joint short,
not reaching the apex, the second, third, and fourth of about equal
length, the fifth a little longer and fusiform ; rostrum three-jointed,
extending to between the anterior coxae, the first joint slightly longer
than the second, the third slightly shorter than the second ; pronotum
about twice as broad as long, declined anteriozly, with the anterior
margin deeply sinuate, the lateral margins sub-straight, not crenulated,
with the posterior lateral angles rounded, with the surface densely
punctuate anteriorly and rugulose posterior to the interangular ruga ;
scutellum densely punctuated, with three longitudinal callous fasciae ;
hemelytra narrower than the abdomen; clavus and corium densely

44 Annals of the South African Museum.

punctuated, with the apical angles of the corium acute and the apical
margin nearly straight ; membrane extending a little beyond the
abdominal apex; pro-, meso- and metastethia somewhat coarsely
punctuated ; tibiae triangular spinulose on their under surfaces,
slightly suleated on their upper surfaces.

Length, ¢ about 18 mm.

Breadth, ¢ about 8 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbora (Eriksson).

Gen. Gonopsis Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 180.
1876. Stal, Enum., v, p. 121.

Bessida Walker, Cat. Het., ii, p. 577, 1868.
Type.—G. denticulata Am. et Serv.

G. humeralis Dist.
1910. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vi, p. 219.
Hab.—* Ovamboland ” (according to Distant).

Fam. COREIDAE Stal.
Sub-fam. 1. Coreinae Stal.

Div. MICTARIA Stal.

Gen. ANOPLOCNEMIS Stal.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 47.

Mictis (Div. 1), Dallas, List, 11, p. 386, 1852.
» tal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 27, 1865.

Type.—A. curvipes Fabr.

A. curvipes Fabr. S.A.M.

1781. Fabricius, Spec., 1, p. 351.

1787. Fabricius, Mant., 1, p. 288.

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 137.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 206 (Lygaeus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 29.

apicalis Westwood, Hope Cat., 11, p. 12, 1842.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 45

fuliginosa Klug, Stett. Ent. Zeit., p. 86, 1859 (Cerbus).
heteropus Latreille in Caill. Voy. Meroe., iv, p. 287 ; Atlas, 11, pl.lviu,
| fie. 30.

heteropus Schaum, Peters’ Reis. Moss. Ins., p. 41, 1862.

libyssa Dallas, List, 1, pp. 392 and 393, 1852.

gracilis Dallas, ibid., pp. 392 and 393, 1852.

bohemans Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 28, 1855.

Hab.—Damaraland—“ N.-E. Damaraland” (Eriksson), Tsumeb
(F. Kéchig), Gobabis (Beetz), Grootfontein (Volkmann),
Grootfontein-Namutoni, Namutoni-Outjo, Karibib, Oma-
ruru, Windhuk (Seewald), Okahandja (Casper, Peters,
Dinter, Schultze), Windhuk (Rolle, Techow), Windhuk-
Waterberg (Kolbitz), “ Swakop ” (after Stal).

Ovamboland—Kunene R. (M. Exp.), ‘“ Ovamboland ”’

(Eriksson).

Div. PETASCELARIA Stal.

Gen. PETASCELIS Sign.

1847. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 302.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, pp. 5 and 9.
1873. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 55.

Type.—P. remipes Sign.

P. remipes Sign. S.A.M.
1847. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 302, pl. iu, fig. 4.
1865. Stal, Hem., ii, p. 6.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein (Volkmann), Windhuk (Techow

and M. Exp.), Otavi (M. Exp.), N.-E. Damaraland
(Eriksson).
Ovamboland (coll. Eriksson).

Div. HOMOEKOCERARIA Stal.

Gen. Homorocerus Burm.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., IT, i, p. 316.
1873. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 57.

Ceratopachys Westwood, Hope Cat., 11, p. 22, 1842.
Prismatocerus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 185, 1843.

46 Annals of the South African Museum.

Philonus Dallas, List, ii, pp. 438 and 448, 1852.

Ornytus (part) Dallas, zbed., pp. 438, 447, and 448.
Tliponius Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 464, 1859.
Anacanthus Uhler, Pr. Ac. Philad., p. 227, 1860.
Anacanthocoris Uhler, zbed., p. 287, 1861.

Diocles, Tagus Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 5, 67, and 68, 1865.

Type.—H. puncticornis Burm.

H.. auriculatus Stal. S.A.M.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 64.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland (Eriksson) and Omaramba (Eriksson).

H. magnicornis Burm. S.A.M.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., II, i, p. 316.
1852. Dallas, List, 11, p. 503 (Ceratopachys).
L873) Stal) num, wep one

auritulus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 185, pl. iv, fig. 3, 1843 (Pris-
matocerus).

Hab.—Ovamboland (coll. Eriksson).

H. ngricornis Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 148.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 69.

capensis Westwood, Hope Cat., ii, p. 22, 1842 (Ceratopachys).
rugifer Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 465, 1859 (Tleponius).
Hab.— Damaraland—Namutoni-Outjo (Seewald), Okahandja
(Schultze), Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

H. tagrinus n. sp. S.A.M.
(Qe, WL, tales, ),))

The body pale greenish yellow ; the posterior half of the pronotum,
the clavus and the corium, the posterior margins of the pro-, meso-
and metastethia and the acetabula punctuated ; the irregular broad
annulations on the. antennae, the posterior half and the irregular
spots on the pronotum, the spots on the clavus and the corium, the
infusions on the connexivum, the spots on the under surface of the

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 47

body, the irregular broad annulations on the femora and tibiae, and
the tarsi dull yellowish green ; an obscure lateral fascia on each side
of the abdomen, some spots on the margin of the connexivum, part
of the genital segment ($) and some of the spots on the superior
surfaces near the apices of the tibiae darker yellowish green to blackish ;
the eyes, the ocelli, the posterior apical margin and angles of the coria,
the membrane and part of the abdomen beneath reddish or bronzy ;
the dorsal surface of the abdomen ochraceous.

The head about as broad as the anterior part of the pronotum ;
antennae incrassate, with the first joint round, longer than the head,
the second and third joints flattened and triangular, the second
longer than the first, the third slightly longer than the first, fourth
mutilated ; rostrum extending slightly beyond the middle of the
mesosternum, the first joint longer than the second, the second com-
pressed, the third and first subequal and the fourth the longest ;
pronotum narrow anteriorly, with the lateral margins nearly straight,
the posterior lateral angles subprominent, slightly elevated ; hemelytra
narrower than the abdomen; connexivum reflected upwards, slightly
ampliated at about the third and fourth segments ; tibiae triangular,
slightly suleated above and densely spinulose.

Length, § 142 mm.

Breadth, ¢ acr. pron. 5 mm.

Breadth, ¢ acr. abd. 52 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

H. trabeatus n. sp. S.A.M.
(PIE Tienes (62)

The head above, the extreme anterior, the lateral margins and the
posterior half of the pronotum, the scutellum, the clavus and corium
punctuated ; the antennae, the greater part of the head, the ante-
medial part of the pronotum, the clavus and the corium reddish ;
the apex of the second antennal joint, the lateral parts of the head
around the eyes, the apex of the rostrum, the laterally slightly raised
margins, some anterior punctuations, the posterior half and the
punctuations on the pronotum, the basal parts and coarse punctua-
tions on the clavus and corium, the veins of the alae, the dorsal sur-
faces of the two apical abdominal segments, a spot above each of the
two posterior acetabula, an obscure abdominal fascia on each side,
a narrow fascia on the superior surfaces of the femora, and the superior
surfaces of the tibiae purplish to black; the anterior medial part of

48 Annals of the South African Museum.

the pronotum, the broad basal costal and the narrow costal margin
of the corium, the apex of the scutellum, the connexivum, two oval
spots, one between the third and fourth and the other between the
fourth and fifth segments, and an obscure medial longitudinal fascia on
the dorsal surface of the abdomen, the under surface of the body and
the legs ochraceous ; two oval callous spots near the apical margin
of the corium whitish ; the membrane bronzy, and the alae slightly
infuscated, with a pale purplish sheen; the dorsal surface of the
abdomen cinnabar red. The antennae round, incrassate, with the
first joint shorter than the second and slightly shorter than the third,
the fourth mutilated in specimen ; rostrum extending to the middle
of the mesosternum, the first and fourth joints subequal, longer than
the second and third subequal joints ; the posterior lateral pronotal
angles obtuse, subprominent, and slightly elevated; tibiae sub-
triangular and slightly sulcated above.

Length, 9 163 mm.

Breadth, 2 acr. pron. 5 mm.

Breadth, 9 acr. abd. 55 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Hriksson).

H. ventriosus n. sp. S.A.M.

Body dull reddish ochraceous above and ochraceous below; the
head, the pronotum, the clavus and corium, the connexivum, the
pectoral regions, and the lateral abdominal regions below punctuated ;
the antennae, the narrow lateral margins of the pronotum and the
tarsi reddish; the rostrum, the posterior lateral angles and the
posterior part of the pronotum, the posterior margin and angle of the
prostethium, part of the meso- and metastethia and the broad lateral
abdominal margins below greenish ochraceous; the apices of the
second antennal joints, the apex of the rostrum, the punctuations
near the anterior margin of the pronotum, the veins of the alae, the
infusions and punctuations on the connexivum, a spot dorsally on
each side of the sixth segment, a series of marginal spots about three
in each segment on the ventral surface of the abdomen and an obscure
fascia on each side of the abdomen beneath purplish brown; the
basal costal margin of the corium and the small spots on the margin
of the connexivum yellowish white ; the membrane vitreous with a
pale purplish tinge, and the alae pale purplish ; the abdomen above,
orange to cinnabar red, with the segmental sutures and the oval spots
between the third and fourth and fourth and fifth segments yellow.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 49

The antennal joints flattened and triangular beyond the first, with
the fourth fusiform and round, the second the longest, the third
slightly longer than the first, and the fourth shorter than the first ;
rostrum just reaching the intermediate coxae, with the first and third
joints subequal, slightly longer than the second, and the fourth slightly
longer than the others; the posterior pronotal angles obtuse, sub-
prominently rounded ; the apex of the scutellum acutely pointed ;
abdomen broad, moderately dilated ; tibiae subtriangular and slightly
sulcated above.

Length of 9 164 mm.

Breadth of 9 acr. pron. 6 mm.

Breadth of 9 acr. abd. 7 mm.

This species resembles the preceding one superficially, but is broader,
has no callous spots on the corium, has a punctuated connexivum and
ventral surfaces, has less prominent posterior lateral angles, etc.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Div. PHYSOMERARIA Stal.

Gen. PETALOCNEMIS Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet, Ak. Forh., p. 259.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, pp. 3 and 58.
1873. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 72.

Type.—P. pachycera Stal.

P. apicalis Dall. S.A.M.
1852. Dallas, List, u, Het., p. 517 (Acanthocoris).

Hab.—‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ”’ (after Liibbert).
Damaraland—Windhuk (S.A.M.).

P. flavicorms Bredd. S.A.M.
1913. Breddin (Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 61).
Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Schultze), Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

P. spinulosa Stal.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 316 (Acanthocoris).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 58.

Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Casper), Swakop (after Stal).
VOL, XXIII, PART l. 4

50 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. CHOEROMMATUS Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 204.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 4 and 60.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 72.

Neurodederrhis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 260, 1853.
Type.—C. farinosus Am. et Serv.

©. techowi Bredd.

1913. Breddin (Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvi, p. 61).
Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Techow).

Div. PENDULINARIA Stal.

Gen. PENDULINUS Thb.
1822. Thunberg, Hem. Rostr., cap. iv, p. 5.
1873. Stal, Enum., 1, p. 73. :
Sub-gen. Dasynus Burmeister, Nov. Act. Ac. Leop., xvi, 1834 ;
Suppl., p. 297.

é 5, eel, ldo. wn, JO. TS, ISVs.

mn Galaesus Dallas, List, ii, pp. 438 and 440, 1852.

n » tal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 6 and 38, 1865.

Se Theraptus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 462, 1859.

re i. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 6 and 38, 1865.

ae Odontoparva Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xv, p. 433,
1865.

rs st Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., p. 79, 1866.

os mi Stal, Enum., 11, p. 74, 1873.

Type.—P. hasticornis Thb.

P. fimbriatus Dist. S.A.M.
1902. Distant, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., u1, p. 247.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein (M. Exp.).

Div. GONOCERARIA Stal.

Gen. Purnacutus Stal.

1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 470.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, pp. 6 and 81.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 51

1873. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 75.
1873. Sub-gen. Nesiotes Stal, abid.

Type.—P. spinosus Stal.

P. dubius Herr. Schf. S.A.M.

1842. Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vi, p. 9, fig. 565 (Gonocerus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 82.
1873. Stal, Enum., in, p. 75.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjiwaronga (M. Exp.).

Gen. CLETUS Stal.

1859. Stal, Freg. Hug. Resa. Ins., p. 236.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, pp. 6 and 75.
1866. Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., p. 118.
1873. Stal, Enum., iu, p. 75.

Type.—C. trigonus Thb.

C’. binotulatus Stal. S.A.M.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 316 (Gonocerus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i1, p. 76.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Andoni, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

C. bis-bipunctatus Stal.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 316 (Gonocerus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 77.
Hab.—Damaraland—“ Kikhams”’ (after Stal), Windhuk (after
Stal).

C. caffer Stal. S.A.M.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 316 (Gonocerus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 78.
1873. Stal, Enum., iti, p. 78.
Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.).

C. decoratus Dist. S.A.M.
1902. Distant, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., 11, p. 249.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein (M. Exp.), Tsumeb (F. Kéchig).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe (M. Exp.).

52 Annals of the South African Museum.

CO. notatus Thb. S.A.M.

1783. Thunberg, Nov. Ins. Spec., u1, p. 37.
1822. Thunberg, Hem. Rostvr., cap. 11, p. 1 (Alydus).
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 77.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

C. nyasana Berger. S.A.M.
1914. Bergroth, Rev. Zool. Afr., 111, p. 455 (Cletomorpha).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

C. ochraceus Herr. Schf. S.A.M.
1842. Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vi, p. 7, fig. 563.
koa, wwedl, Jalen, sute,. i, jo. (7.
1873. Stal, Enum., iii, p. 78.
emmaculatus Westwood, Hope Cat., 11, p. 23, 1842 (Coreus).
Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.).

C. pusillus Dall. S.A.M.
1852. Dallas, List, 1, p. 497.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 75.

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas (M. Exp.), Swakop R. near Otjim-
bingwe, and Rooibank (Schultze).
Ovamboland—Kambele, Kunene R., Namakunde, Ongka

(M. Exp.).
C. pugnax Bredd.
1913. Breddin (Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 63).
Hab.—‘‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ”’ (after Casper).

C. respersus n. sp. S.A.M.
(PIS I ais: 4)

Body reddish brown, densely and darkly punctuated above,
ochraceous below and punctuated on the pectoral region; the an-
tennae, part of the corium (especially near the apical margin and inner
apical angle), the apices of the tibiae and the tarsi deeper reddish
brown ; the fourth antennal joint, the punctuations on the upper
surface of the head more or less arranged in two bands, a small line
laterally behind each eye, the medial line and the apex of the rostrum,

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 53

the lateral and anterior punctuations especially anteriorly on the
pronotum, the posterior lateral angles, the intramarginal basal
costal fascia on the corium, the basal outer margin of the membrane,
the small intramarginal punctuations on the connexivum, a spot
above each acetabulum, the small spots on the abdomen beneath
(arranged in six longitudinal rows), a small spot on each coxa and four
or five obscure spots in a row on the under surfaces of the intermediate
and posterior femora dark brown to black; the lateral margins of
the head, the lateral margins of the pronotum, the apex of the scutel-
lum and the basal costal half of the corium pale yellowish white ;
an obscure medial longitudinal line on the pronotum, the impunctate
lines and two callous spots, one medially and the other near the inner
apical angle on the corium whitish; the membrane bronzy and the
abdomen above orange red.

The head slightly broader across the eyes than long; the first
antennal joint incrassate, about as long as the third and shorter than
the second, the fourth incrassate, fusiform, and about half as long as
the second ; rostrum extending between the intermediate coxae, the .
first and second, and the third and fourth joints together about equal
in length, the fourth a little longer than the third ; the lateral margins
of the pronotum feebly sinuate, and the posterior lateral angles
obtusely prominent and slightly elevated ; hemelytra narrower than
the body, extending slightly beyond the abdomen in the 3; meso-
sternum feebly and the metasternum deeply sulcated; the tibiae
teebly sulcated above.

Length of g and 211 mm.

Breadth of g and 2 4 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson); also

Transvaal—Junction of Crocodile and Marico Rivers
(Tucker, M. Exp.).

C. spicatus n. sp. S.A.M.
(ETS tres 2:)

Body reddish brown, densely and darkly punctuated above, ochra-
ceous below and distinctly punctuated on the pectoral regions ; the
antennae, the ocelli, the medial line on the rostrum, the medial and
apical parts of the corium, the abdomen above and the tarsi deep
reddish or brownish ochraceous ; a line laterally behind each eye, the
apex of the rostrum, the posterior lateral angles and their posterior
margins above and below, the intramarginal basal costal fascia and
the costal margin beyond the middle of the corium, the external

54 Annals of the South African Museum.

margin of the membrane, some intramarginal punctuations on the
connexivum, a small spot above each acetabulum, the small spots on
the abdomen beneath arranged in six longitudinal rows, a spot on
each coxa and the numerous minute spots on the femora and tibiae
black ; the lateral margins of the head and the callous areas behind
the eyes, the narrow lateral margins of the pronotum and the basal
half of the costal region pale ochraceous ; the callosities at the basal
angles and the apex of the scutellum as well as two spots on the corium,
one obscure and medial and the other near the inner apical angle, and
apical margin yellowish white ; the membrane bronzy.

The head slightly broader across the eyes than long; the first
antennal joint incrassate, about as long as the third and shorter than
_ the second, the fourth missing in the specimen; pronotum slightly

declined in front, the lateral margins more or less straight, the posterior
lateral angles acutely produced upwards and slightly forwards with
their posterior margins dentate ; hemelytra narrower than the body ;
rostrum extending between the intermediate coxae, the first and the
second, the third and the fourth joints together of about equal length,
the third shorter than the fourth ; tibiae feebly sulcated above.

Length of 9 124 mm.

Breadth of 9 acr. pron. 54 mm.

Breadth of 9 acr. abd. 42 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Nagusib (M. Exp.).

Div. PHYLLOMORPHARIA Stal.

Gen. PepHrRicus Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 235.
1873. Stal, Enum., in, p. 81.

Type.—P. paradoxus Sparr.

P. paradoxus Sparr. S.A.M.

1777. Sparrman, Vet. Ak. H., xxxviu, p. 386, pl. 6, figs. A, B, C.
1781. Fabricius, Spec., ii, p. 510.

1787. Fabricius, Mant., 1, p. 279.

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 73.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., II, i, p. 310 CN abi

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 235.

1845. Westwood, Arc., i, p. 7, aL 2, fig. 1

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 55

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 105 (Phyllomorpha).’

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsintsabis (M. Exp.).
—“ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ”’ (after Liibbert).

Gen. Toncorma Kirk.

1900. Kirkaldy, Entomologist, xxxin, p. 242.

Craspedum Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 234, 1843.
ue Stal, Enum., i, p. 81, 1873.

Type.—T. phyllomorpha Latr.

T. phyllomorpha Latr.

1829. Latreille, Cuvier, Regne. anim., 11, p. 438, pl. xix, fig. 3
(Syromastes).
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 234.

latreller Guerin, Dict. pitt., pl. 673, fig. 6, 1839 ; Rev. Zool., p. 233.
, Westwood, Arc., i, p. 8, pl. u, fig. 3, 1845.
» Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 104, 1865 (Phyllomorpha).
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (“‘ Kikhams ”’ after Stal).

Sub-fam. 2. Pseudophloeinae Stal.

Gen. ACANTHOMIA Stal.

1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 82.
Type.—A. horrida Germ.

A. tomentosicollis Stal. S.A.M.,

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 31.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., u, p. 107 (Clavigralla).
1873. Stal, Hnum., ii, p. 82.

Hab.—Damaraland—* N.-E. Damaraland ”’ (coll. Eriksson).

Gen. BrotHEoLusS Berger.

1908. Bergroth, Rev. Russ. Ent., vii, p. 107.
Brotheus Distant, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 11, p. 248, 1902.
Type.—B. viridis Dist.

56 Annals of the South African Museum.

* B. wridis Dist. S.A.M.
1902. Distant, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 11, p. 248.

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas, Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Mafa, Namakunde (M. Exp.).

Div. STENOCEPHALARIA Stal.

Gen. STENOCEPHALUS Latr.
1825. Latreille, Fam. Nat., p. 421.
1873. Stal, Enum., ui, p. 85.

Dicranomerus Hahn, Wanz. Ins., i, p. 22, fig. 13, 1831.
Sub-gen. Dichromerus Stal, Enum., ii, p. 85, 1873.
Revisio ; Horvath, Bull. Soc. Ent. Italiana, xix, 1887.

Type.—sS. agilis Scop.

S. caffer Dall. S.A.M.
1852. Dallas, List, u, Het., p. 482.

Hab.—Damaraland—Areb, Tsumeb, Namutoni, Waterberg
(M. Exp.).
Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).

Sub-fam. 3. Alydinae Stal.

Div. ALYDARIA Stal.

Gen. Eutuetus Dall.
1852. Dallas, List, 1, pp. 467 and 469.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, pp. 7 and 90.
1873. Stal, Enum., iu, p. 91.

Type.—E. pulchellus Dall.

E. leucopoecilus Stal. S.A.M.
1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 30.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 91.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Damaraland—Tsumeb (F. Kochig), Okahandja (Dinter).
Ovamboland—Namakunde, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R.
(M. Exp.).

* From the description of Cletus viridulus Bredd. in Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges.
Jena, xvii, p. 63, 1913, itis evident that C. viridulus is a synonym of B. viridis Dist.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa.

57

E. leucostictus Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 30.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 91.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. MirpPERUvSs Stal.
1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 460.
1873. Stal, Enum., 11, p. 92.

Tupalus Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 7 and 95, 1865.
Sub-gen. Melanacanthus Stal, Enum., 11, p. 92, 1873.

Type.—M. jaculus Thb.

M. jgaculus Thb. S.A.M.

1783. Thunberg, Nov. Ins. sp., 1, p. 34, pl. 11, fig. 50.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 96 (Tupalus).
1873. Stal, Enum., iii, p. 92.

crassifemur Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 80, 1855 (Alydus).
madagascariensis Signoret, A. 8. Ent. Fr., p. 938, 1860 (Alydus).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Ondongua (M. Exp.).

Gen. Riptortus Stal.

1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 460.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 7 and 93.

Sub-gen. Melanolamprus Stal, Enum., iu, p. 93, 1873.
Type.—R. dentipes Fabr.

R. dentipes Fabr. S.A.M.

1787. Fabricius, Mant., ii, p. 290.

1788. Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, iv, p. 2144 (Cimezx).
1802. Wolff, Ic., 111, p. 104, pl. x, fig. 98 (Lygaeus).
1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 249.

1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 65.

1873. Stal, Enum., iii, p. 94.

fabric Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 940, 1860 (Alydus).
» tal, 1865, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 93.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. TENostIvus Stal.

1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 460.
1873. Stal, Enum., 111, p. 95.

Type.—T. proletarvus Schaum.

T. proletarvus Schaum. S.A.M.

1853. Schaum, Ber. Ak. Berl., p. 358.
1862. Schaum, Peters’ Reis. Moss. Ins., p. 42, pl. u1, fig. 6 (Alydus).

Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. NEMAvusus Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 8 and 101.
1873. Stal, Enum., ii, pp. 91 and 95.

Type.—J. sordidatus Stal.

* N. anornatus Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 315 (Hypselopus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 102.

Hab.—Damaraland—“ Fluv. Swakop ” (after Stal).

N. sordidatus Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 315 (Hypselopus).

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ui, p. 102.

Hab.—Namaqualand—Chamis by Koankip (Schultze).
Damaraland—Nuragas, Otjituo, Otjiwarongo, Windhuk,
Tsumeb, Usakos (M. Exp.), “‘ Fluv. Swakop ”’ (after Stal).

Gen. NARIScUS Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 8 and 100.
1873. Stal, Enum., ii, pp. 91 and 95.

Type.—JW. conctiventris Germ.

N. cinctiventris Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 152 (Hypselopus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 101.

validipes Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 315, 1858 (Hypselopus).

* Breddin considers NV. inornatus Stal and N. sordidatus Stal to be identical.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 59

spinosus Signoret, Thomson, Arch., 1, p. 300, 1858 (Hypselopus).
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Damaraland—Gaub, Otjituo, Otjiwarongo, ‘Tsintsabis
(M. Exp.), Tsumeb (F. Ké6chig), Waterberg (M. Exp.),
Gobabis (Beetz), Omaruru-Okanjande (Seewald), Oka-
handja (Dinter), Salem (Schultze), Swakop region (after
Stal).
Ovamboland—Mafa, Ondongua (M. Exp.).

Gen. HypseLorus Burm.

1835. Burmeister (part), Handb., II, i, p. 328.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, pp. 7 and 98.
1873. Stal, Hnum., i, pp. 91 and 96.

Meloza Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 221, 1843.
Type.—d4. gigas Burm.

H. gigas Burm.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., II, 1, p. 329.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 99.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 96.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjosondu (Casper).
‘* Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ”’ (after Seiner).

Sub-fam. 4. Corizinae Stal.

Div. CORIZARIA Stal.

Gen. Corizus Fall.

1814. Fallen, Spec. Nov. Hem. disp. meth. exhib., p. 8.
1370. Stal, Hnum., i, p. 222.

Niesthra Spinola, Ess. Hem., p. 245, 1840.

Rhopalus Fieber, Kur. Hem., p. 232, 1861.

Brachycarenus Fieber, Kur. Hem., p. 236, 1861.

Colobatus Mulsant et Rey, Pun. France, pp. 105 and 137, 1870.
Sub-gen. Liorhyssus Stal, HEnum., i, p. 222, 1870.

Sub-gen. Arhyssus Stal, Enum., i, p. 223, 1870.

Stictopleurus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., No. 6, p. 55, 1872.

60 Annals of the South African Museum.

Aeschyntelus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., No. 6, p. 55, 1872.
Peliochrous Stal, Enum., 11, pp. 97 and 98, 1873.
Monograph by Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 75, 1859.

Type.—C. crassicornis Linn.

C. hyalinus Fabr. S.A.M.

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., 1v, p. 168 (Lygaeus).
1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 201 (Coreus).
1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 68.

1881. Distant, Biol. Centr. Amer., pl. xvi, fig. 7.
1888. Reuter, Rev. Syn., p. 171.

gracilis Herr. Schaeffer, Faun. Germ., p. 127, 1834.
» Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vi, p. 1, pl. clxxxi, fig. C, 1842.
, signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 88, 1859.

truncatus Rambur, Faun. And., ii, p. 144, 1841.
i Stal, Hem. Afr., u, p. 117, 1865.

variegatus Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 89, 1859.

vwridicatus Uhler, Hayden’s Surv. Mont., iv, Zool. et Bot., p. 404,

1872.
Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein, Otjituo, Windhuk (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Andoni, Ukualuthi (M. Exp.).

C. natalensis Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 31.
1859. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 87.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 118.

puncticornis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 32, 1855.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

C. scutellaris Dall. S.A.M.

1852. Dallas, List, 1, p. 526 (Rhopalus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 115 (Corizus).
1873. Stal, Enum., 11, p. 98 (Strctopleurus).

pilosicollis Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 76, 1859.
es Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 31, 1855.
stali Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 78, 1859.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 61

coquerela Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 78, 1859.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjikoto-Dinab (M. Exp.).

Gen. AGRAPHOPUS Stal.

1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., No. 6, pp. 55 and 56.
Leptoceraea Jakowlefl, Troudy. Ent. Ross., vii, p. 39, 1874.

Type.—A. letherryi Stal.

A. australis n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. Ill, fig. 3.)

Body pale stramineous, finely pilose; the head, the pronotum, the
scutellum, the lateral narrow costal margins of the coria and the
pectoral regions coarsely punctuated ; the first and fourth antennal
joints, the sutures between the medial and lateral lobes, a short
fascia on each side extending from the region of the ocellus to about
the middle, the basal part of the head, the lateral parts of the head,
the apex of the rostrum, four smooth callous spots on the anterior part,
a large lateral one and a smaller medial one on each side and four
longitudinal fasciae, two medial, one on each side of the medial line
and one intramarginally on each side on the provotum, the lateral parts
and a subapical spot on the scutellum, the clavus in part especially
its apical margins, a smooth oblong spot on the prostethium, a longi-
tudinal fascia on each side across the meso-, metastethia and abdomen,
the lateral parts of the mesosternum, the coxae, the apical parts of
the posterior femora, the extreme apices of tbe posterior tibiae and
the apices of the tarsi brownish to black ; the basal parts of the ocelli,
the carinate lateral margins and the medial longitudinal line on the
pronotum, the broad apex of the scutellum, the narrow costal margins
of the coria and the spiracles albescent ; the antennae, the basal part
of the clavus, the veins and the apical margin of the corium, the dorsal
surface of the abdomen and the legs pale brownish to deep brown ; the
ocelli reddish ; the membrane hyaline and the lateral apical parts of
the abdomen above and the connexivum above ochraceous.

The head large, slightly longer than the pronotum, the upper surface
granular (owing to the presence of small tubercles carrying bristle-like
hairs), with the lateral lobes veryslightly shorter than the medial lobe;
the antenniferous tubercles prominent and rounded ; the first antennal
joint short and incrassate, reaching the apex of the head, the second

62 Annals of the South African Museum.

the longest, the fourth incrassate and fasiform, a little longer than the
first, but shorter than the third, with the base slender; the rostrum
extending slightly beyond the intermediate coxae, the second joint
the longest, the third the shortest, and the fourth shorter than the first ;
pronotum slightly narrower anteriorly than posteriorly, slightly
depressed anteriorly and with the lateral margins slightly carinate,
the posterior lateral angles obtuse; scutellum obscurely carinate
medially, with its apex prominent and rounded ; the apical half of
the clavus and the greater part of the corium transparent hyaline
(the dark body beneath is visible and bence the deep brown colora-
tion); the veins finely pilose; hemelytra broader than the abdomen
and the apex of the membrane extending a little beyond the abdomen
in the ¢.

Length of ¢ 5 mm., of 9 54-53 mm.

Breadth of ¢ 14 mm., of 9 14-12 mm.

Some specimens are paler than others, and the dark coloration on
the head, pronotum, and the under sarface of the body is very obscure.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.); also |

Transvaal—Maboka (Lydenberg) (coll. Kroeger).
S. Rhodesia—Salisbury (Tucker, M. Exp.).

Div. SERINETHARIA Stal.

Gen. SERINETHA Spin.

1837. Spinola, Essai, p. 247.

1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 99.

Leptocoris Hahn, Wanz. Ins., 1, p. 200, 1831.

Pyrrhotes Westwood, Hope Cat., ii, p. 6, 1842.
Lygaeomorphus Blanchard, Hist. des Ins., 11, p. 116, 1840.
Tynotoma, Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 220, 1843.

Type.—S. abdominalis Fabr.

S. haematica Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 144 Cepia S)
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 113.

augur Blanchard, Hist. Ins., i, p. 116, 1840 (Lygaeomorphus).
lateralis Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 939, 1860.
Hab.—Damaraland—Sandfontein (Miss Wilman).

Contributions to.a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 63

Fam. BERYTIDAE Fieb.

Sub-fam. Metacanthinae.

Gen. GAMPsocoRIS Fiiss.
1852. Fiiss, Mitth. d. Ver. Hermanst., 7.

Metacanthus Costa, Atti. Ac. Nap., p. 258, 1848.
| as Fieber, Eur. Hem., p. 213, 1861.
a Saunders, Hem. Het. Brit. Isles, p. 65, 1892.
Armanus Mulsant et Rey, Pun. d’France, p. 187, 1870.

Type.—G. elegans Curtis.

G. concolor B. White. S.A.M.
1878. Buch. White, P.Z.S. Lond., p. 464.

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas, Otjituo, Waterberg (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Namakunde, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M.
Exp.).
Fam. LYGAEIDAE Stal.

Sub-fam. 1. Lygaeinae Stal.
Div. LYGAEHARIA Stal.

Genus LyGagus Fabr.

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 183; d., Syst. Rhyng., p. 203,
1803.

1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No.7, p.41; Hn. Hem., iv, p. 99,
1874.

Lygaeosoma Fieber, Kur. Hem., pp. 45 and 167, 1861.

Lygaeodon Puton, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 139, 1869.

Sub-gen. Melanospilus, Stalagmostethus, Spilostethus, Graptolomus,
Microspilus, Melanostethus, Melanerythrus Stal, Hem. |
Fabricius, 1, pp. 72, 73, 75, and 76, 1868.

Sub-gen. Cosmopleurus, Melanocoryphus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak.
Forh., No. 7, p. 41, 1872.

Sub-gen. Haemobaphus, Melanopleurus, Craspeduchus, Ochrostomus,
Ochrimnus Stal, En. Hem., iv, pp. 104, 105, and 113,
1874.

Sub-gen. Hulygaeus Reuter, Act. Soc. Fenn., xv, p. 180, 1888.

Sub-gen. Tropidothorax Bergroth, A. 8. Ent. Belg., xxxvii, p. 547,
1894.

Type.—L. militaris Fabr.

64 Annals of the South African Museum.

L. (Stalaqgmostethus) concinnus Dall. S.A.M.

1852. Dallas, List, u, p. 542.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 137.

Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub, Nuragas, Otjituo, Otjiwarongo, Tsumeb,
Waterberg, Windhuk (M. Exp.); Swakop, Okahandja
(Casper), Gobabis (Beetz), N. Damaraland (Eriksson),
Windhuk (8. Gilman).

Ovamboland—Ovamboland, Omaramba (Hriksson), Mafa
(iS Eixcpe): }

L. (Stalagmostethus) contaminatus Dall.

1852. Dallas, List, 1, p. 533.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., u, p. 128.

Hab.—-Namaqualand—Bethany (Schenck).

L. (Stalagmostethus) festwwus Thb. S.A.M.

1822. Thunberg, Hem. Rostr., cap. iv, p. 8.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 135.

furcula Dallas, List, 1, p. 513, 1852.
» Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., ix, p. 197, 1853.
spinipes Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 946, 1860.
saunders: Mulsant et Rey., Opusc. Ent., xiv, p. 225; Pun. de Fr.,
1s AD, USs7/9.
planitoae Distant, Nat. in Trsvl., App., p. 252, pl. 3, fig. 7, 1892.
Hab.—Damaraland—Swakop R. near Otjimbingwe (Schultze),
Tsumeb (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

L. (Stalagmostethus) furcatus Fabr. S.A.M.

1787. Fabricius, Mant., 11, p. 301 (Comex).

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 160.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 226.

1852. Dallas, List, n, p. 535.

1865) Stal) Elem: Adie at, ps V3)

1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 72.

fuscatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., I, iv, p. 2174 (1788).

var. convergens Dallas, List, 11, p. 535, 1852.
fairmaires Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 946, 1860.
consentaneus Walker, P.Z.S. Lond., p. 167, 1863.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 65

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas, Tsintsabis, Windhuk (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Hriksson), Okavango River
(Eriksson).

L. (Stalagmostethus) macilentus Stal. S.A.M.

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 106.

longulus Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 136, 1865.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Berseba, Keetmanshoop (Rehbock).
Damaraland—Okahandja (Peters), Windhuk (Gentz), Oma-
ruru-Okanjande, Otavi (Seewald), Sandfontein (Gilman),
Tsumeb (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Mafa, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.),
Ovamboland (Eriksson).

L. (Stalagmostethus) malitarts Fabr. S.A.M.

1775. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., p. 717 (Comez).
1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 147.
1861. Fieber, Europ. Hem., p. 166.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., u, p. 133.

1879. Mulsant et Rey, Pun. de Fr., p. 18.
1886. Puton, Cat., p. 28.

1893. Bergroth, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 225.
1893. Noualhier, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 9.

elegans Wolff, Icon., 11, p. 112, fig. 106, 1802.
Burmeister, Handb., II, 1, p. 298, 1835.
Dallas, List, u, p. 541, 1852.
Stal, Hem. Afr., u, p. 134, 1865.
tebe, BraweTos IN, 0. NOD, Wor
pandurus Scopoli, Ent. Carn., p. 126, 1763; de Villiers, Linn.
IDOies hy Je DAO,
rm Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., iv, p. 201, 1885.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Bethany (Schenck), Kabub-Aar (Schultze).
Damaraland—Grootfontein (Volkmann), Gobabis (Beetz),
Okahandja (Casper), Omaruru-Okanjande, Otavi (See-
wald), Outjo (Langheld), Windhuk (Seewald, Gilman),
Gaub, Otjiwarongo, Otjituo, Otjiko-Dinab, Nuragas,
Tsumeb, Waterberg, Windhuk (M. Exp.), N.-E. Damara-
land (Eriksson).
‘“ Ovamboland ” (Eriksson).
VOL, XXII, PART |. | 5

29

29

66

Annals of the South African Museum.

L. septus Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 142.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).

Gen. GRAPTOSTETHUS Stal.

1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., 1, p. 73.
1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 42.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 99 and 116.

Type.—G. servus Fabr.

G. grandis Dist. S.A.M.

1901. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vu, p. 537.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjiwarongo (M. Exp.).

Ovamboland (coll. Eriksson).

The three specimens, two males and one female, from Ovamboland
differ from Distant’s description and from the one labelled specimen
we possess in being narrower, 3-5-4 mm. across the pronotum, in
being very pilose and pubescent, in having the entire clavus with the
exception of the inner basal part, an obscure subapical spot on the
corium, four spots on the basal parts of the segments on the connexi--
vum and abdominal margin, and a transverse fascia along the base
of each abdominal segment beneath black.

As the other specific characters do not differ from the description,
the differences in colour may be considered as variations to which the
species is subject.

G. pictus Dist. S.A.M.

1901. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vii, p. 537. |
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (M. Exp.).

Irewls
1794.
1803.
1865.
1868.
1874.
1888.

G. (Pyrrhobaphus Dall.) servus Fabr.
Fabricius, Mant., 1, p. 300.
Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 156.
Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 223.
Stal, Hem. Afr., u, p. 139 (Lygaeus).
Stal, Hem. Fabr., 1, p. 74.
Stal, Enum., iv, p. 117.
Reuter, Rev. Syn., p. 185.

incomptus, Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., viii, p. 104, fig. 875, 1848.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 67

ancomptus, Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., ix, p. 196, 1853 (Lygaeus).

ornatus, Uhler, Pr. Ac. Philad., p. 227, 1860 (Lygaeus).

Hab.—Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Kuhn).
Damaraland—Okahandja (Casper).

Div. ORSILLARIA Stal.
Gen. Nystus Dall.

1852. Dallas, List, u, pp. 331 and 551.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 119.
1890. Horvath, Rev. d’Ent., ix, p. 185.

Cymus, sub-gen. Artheneis Flor., Rhynch. Livl., 1, p. 287, 1860.
sub-gen. Rhypodes Stal, Hem. Fabr., 1, p. 76, 1868.
sub-gen. Nithecus Horvath, Rev. d’Hnt., ix, pp. 187 and
191, 1890.
Sub-gen. Nysius Stal, Enum., iv, p. 120, 1874.
“a ,, Horvath, Rev. d’Ent., ix, pp. 187 and 191, 1890.
Ortholomus, Macroparius Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7,
p. 43, 1872.
Anorthus Horvath, Rev. d’Ent., 1x, p. 191, 1890.

Type.—JW. zealandicus Dall.

39

29

be)

N. binotatus Germ. S.A.M.
1837. Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 138 (Cymus).

Hab.—Namaqualand— Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Damaraland—Otjituo, Windhuk (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R., Ongandjera

(M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 2. Blissinae Stal.
Gen. IscHNODEMUS Fieb.

1836. Fieber, Weit. Beitr., p. 337.
1861. Fieber, Kur. Hem., pp. 44 and 163.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 129 and 130.

Micropus Spinola, Ess. Hem., p. 218, 1840.
a Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 24, 1857.
Blissus Stal, Hem. Afr., u, p. 122, 1865.

Type.—I. sabuleti Fall.

68 Annals of the South African Museum.

I. curticornis Stal. S.A.M.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 131.

brevicornis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 35, 1855 (Mucropus).
f Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 123, 1865 (Blissus).
Hab.—-Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Seiner).

T. linearis Stal.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 35 (Micropus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., p. 124 (Blissus).

Hab.—Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Seiner).

Gen. Buissus Klug.

1845. Klug, Symb. Phys., v, pl. xlin, fig. 10.
1835. Burmeister, Handb., IT, 1, p. 290.

1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 45.
1865. Stal (in part), Hem. Air., 11, p. 122.

Type.—B. hirtulus Klug.

B. cornvpes n. sp. | 8.A.M.
(Pi. III, fig. 4.)

Body greyishly, finely pubescent and pilose; the head, the pro-
notum (except for the posterior margin and the basal part of the
scutellum) punctuated, the narrow costal part of the corium feebly
so; the head, the apex of the rostrum, the pronotum, the scutellum,
the basal part of the clavus, the apical part and the apical margin of
the corium, the abdomen above, the body beneath, the small spines
at the apices of the tibiae and the claws of the tarsi blackish brown ;
the apex of the head, the ocelli, the posterior margin and the posterior
lateral angles of the pronotum, the apex of the scutellum, the apical
margins of the clavus, part of the inner apical margin of the corium,
a basal part and an infusion across the veins near the middle of the
membrane, the posterior margin of the prostethium and the coxae
paler, more reddish brown; the antennae, the rostrum and the legs
pale reddish or brownish yellow; the eyes red or testaceous; the
corium and membrane dull, subopaque, whitish.

The head about as broad across the eyes as long, its apex slightly
produced, upper surface slightly convex; first antennal joint in-
crassate, short, just reaching the apex, second feebly clavate apically,

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 69

longer than the first, about as long as the fourth fusiform joint, third
shorter than the second, slightly longer than the first ; rostrum just
reaching the posterioi coxae, with the second joint longer than the
first, first extending slightly beyond the base of the head, third
and fourth subequal, slightly shorter than the first ; pronotum about
as long as broad, slightly depressed beyond the middle (where the
punctuations are denser), with the anterior margin sinuate, the
lateral margins slightly convex before the middle, rounded anteriorly,
posterior lateral angles obtuse, and posterior margin broadly, slightly
concave to the scutellum ; scutellum broad, short, slightly depressed
basally, its apical part subcarinate ; apical margin of corium sinuate
near the inner apical angle; membrane comparatively large, not
reaching the abdominal apex ; femora slightly incrassate, armed with
long bristles on their inferior surfaces ; anterior femora with a small
blunt subapical spine below ; tibiae with a crown of small spines at
the apices; tarsi with the apical joint about as long as the two basal
ones together.

Length, ¢ and 2 about 34 mm.

Breadth, ¢ and 2 about 14 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.); also

Transvaal—Johannesburg (A. Ross).

Sub-fam. 3. Geocorinae Stal.

Gen. Grocoris Fall.

1814. Fallen, Hem. disp., p. 10.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 148.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 133 and 134.

Salda Latreille, Regne. Anim., v, p. 198, 1829.
,, Spinola, Ess. Hem., p. 227, 1840.
Opthalmicus Schilling (pro parte), Beitr. zur. Ent., i, p. 62, 1829.
ef Fieber, Kur. Hem., pp. 46 and 174, 1861.
Sub-gen. Mallocoris Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., No. 7, p. 46, 1871.
Sub-gen. Piocoris Stal, abid., No. 7, p. 45, 1872.

Type.—G. megacephalus Rossi.

G. megacephalus Rossi. S.A.M.

1832. Rossi, Faun. Etrusce., u (Comez).
1861. Fieber, Hur. Hem., p. 176 (Opthalmicus).

70 Annals of the South African Museum.

1886. Puton, Cat., p. 23.
1888. Reuter, Rev. Syn., p. 188.
lapponicus Zetterstedt, Ins. Lappon., p. 266.
He Fieber, Ent. Mon., p. 124, 1861.
i Fieber, Kur. Hem., p. 175, 1861.
albipennis Fallen, Hem., p. 70.
pheeopterus Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 136, 1837.
Ps Fieber, Ent. Mon., p. 121, 1844 (Opthalmicus).
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).
var. necopitanus Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena,xvil, p. 68, 1913.
Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Casper).

G. scutellaris Puton. S.A.M.

1886. Puton, Hem. rec. en. Tunisie, p. 15 (in Expl. Se. Tunis).
1886. Puton, Cat., p. 23.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Kambele, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

G. tenuatus n. sp. S.A.M.
(CIP, UL, aves. 7 5)

The body flat, narrow and elongated, with the sides more or less
parallel, greyishly pubescent, poorly above and more uniformly
below; the anterior part and the posterior part of the pronotum
behind the transverse, smooth, shining and impunctate callous spots
(and with the exception of the narrow posterior margin), the scutellum,
the clavus and corium along their line of suture, the part near, the
inner apical angle and the apical part of the corium punctuated ;
the head, the antennae, the rostrum, the eyes and ocelli, the abdomen
below, the coxae and the femora pale reddish brown; the fourth
antennal joints, the apex of the head, the extreme apices of the
femora, the tibiae and tarsi paler, more yellowish; the basal part of
the head above and an obscure, abbreviated, longitudinal fascia on
each side extending from the ocellus forwards, the apex of the rostrum,
the anterior two-thirds of the pronotum, the scutellum, the pectoral
regions, and the medial part of the abdomen below black ; the posterior
part of the pronotum, the apex of the scutellum, the clavus and corium,
the posterior margin of the prostethium, the orifice of the odoriferous
glands, the margin of the connexivum and the acetabula pale yellowish
white; the abdomen above deep brown, and the membrane transparent
hyaline.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 71

The head broad, together with the eyes broader than the body,
the apex rather prominent and projecting slightly ; eyes large, oblique,
projecting slightly backwards over the anterior pronotal angles ;
ocelli oblique, situated in depressions; first antennal joint the
shortest, extending slightly beyond the apex, second joint longer
than the first or third, slightly shorter, than fusiform fourth; rostrum
extending to about the posterior coxae, with the first and second
joints subequal, third slightly longer, and the fourth slightly shorter
than the two former; pronotum slightly longer than the head, longer
than broad, transverse, about as broad anteriorly as posteriorly,
medially slightly depressed, with the anterior lateral angles rounded
and the posterior lateral angles obtuse, not prominent, the posterior
margin more or less straight; scutellum elongate, medially slightly
elevated, subcarinate apically; hemelytra about as broad as the
abdomen; clavus narrowed apically; membrane with four veins,
not reaching the apex of the abdomen (g); femora compressed,
slightly incrassate, attenuated apically ; posterior tarsi longer than
anterior ones, with the first joint elongated, about as long as the two
apical ones together.

Length of 3 about 4 mm.

Breadth of ¢ acr. eyes about 14 mm.

Breadth of 3 acr. pron. and abd. about 1 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 4. Paechygronthinae Stal.

Gen. TERACRIUS Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 317.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 146.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 138.

Type.—T. namaquensis Stal.

* T. namaquensis Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, loc. cit., p. 317.
1865. Stal, loc. cit., p. 146.

* The specimens, both g¢ and 99, depart a little from Stal’s description with
respect to colour, and they vary from pale brownish ochraceous to dark blackish
ochraceous, and only two dark spots are visible on the hemelytra, one at the
apex of the corium and the other at about the middle of the apical margin. How-
ever, there can be no doubt that the specific description agrees with the specimens
under observation.

72 Annals of the South African Museum.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.), Grootfontein (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Namakunde, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M.
Exp.).
PARAPHLEGYAS n. gen.

Body elongate; head slightly convex, with the apex prominent,
narrow and produced; antenniferous tubercles prominent; eyes
large; ocelli far apart; the first antennal joints short, not reaching
the apex of the head; rostrum comparatively short, with the first
joint not reaching the base of the head; pronotum slightly convex ;
scutellum carinate or subcarinate, more or less equilateral; corium
with the apical margin sinuate near the apex of the clavus; pectoral
region convex; anterior legs inserted further forwards from the
intermediate ones than the posterior ones are posteriorly ; anterior
femora moderately incrassate, dentate on their under surfaces ;
anterior tibiae slightly curved, dentately amplated ; tarsi long, three-
jointed. This genus is allied to Teracrius and Phlegyas.

Type.—BP. elegans n. sp.

P. elegans un. sp. S.A.M.
(Gell UO, sae, 55)

The body whitishly pubescent on the head, the anterior half or
two-thirds of the pronotum, the scutellum, and densely so on the
under surface ; punctuated on the head, the pronotum, the scutellum,
the clavus and corium (with the exception of the medial parts), on
the dorsal surface of the abdomen and laterally below ; the base of the
first antennal joint, the upper surface of the second, the head, the two
apical joints of the rostrum, the pronotum, the scutellum, the dorsal
surface of the abdomen, the body beneath, the femora, the apices
of the dentate spines on the anterior femora, the subbasal and sub-
apical annulations on the tibiae, the under surfaces of the anterior
tibiae, the under-surfaces of the first tarsal joints and the two apical
joints of the tarsi black; the apices of the first antennal joints, the
under surfaces of the second, the third and fourth joints (sometimes
the entire antenna dark), the two basal joints of the rostrum and the
lateral parts of the last two joints of the abdomen above (in the ¢@)
pale brownish yellow to yellowish white; the clavus and corium,
the connexivum above and below, the anterior part of the prosternum,
the narrow posterior margin of the prostethium and the under surfaces
of the posterior lateral angles, the posterior angles of the metastethia,

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 73

a subapical spot on the upper surfaces of the anterior femora, the
apices of the posterior femora, the dentate spines on the anterior
femora, the upper surfaces of the anterior tibiae, the posterior tibiae,
and the upper surfaces of the first tarsal joints yellowish white; the
membrane transparent hyaline.

The head about as long as broad across the eyes, with the anten-
niferous tubercles projecting outwards as prominent blunt spines ; the
second, third, and fourth antennal joints of about equal length, longer
than the first; rostrum extending to between the anterior coxae ;
bucculae short, slightly elevated, projecting slightly forwards; the four
rostral joints subequal (as far as can be seen in the carded specimens) ;
pronotum about as broad as long, slightly declined posteriorly to the
scutellum, slightly depressed laterally and medially at about the
middle, coarsely punctuated posteriorly, impunctate anteriorly on
an obscure spot on each side of the lateral margins, feebly convex
anteriorly, the posterior lateral angles slightly tumid and not pro-
minent; scutellum elevated basally and medially, subcarinate
apically ; hemelytra about as broad as the abdomen (4), slightly
narrower (2); coria with the apices rounded; membrane with five
veins, not reaching the abdominal apex ; anterior femora moderately
incrassate, fusiform, armed beneath with slender hairs and a row of
dentate spines composed of three large ones and two to three smaller
ones in between ; anterior tibiae shorter than the femora, slightly
curved, apically feebly dentately ampliated; tarsi long, slightly
shorter than the anterior and intermediate tibiae, basal joint about
as long as the two apical ones together ; posterior femora and tibiae
longer than the anterior ones ; apex of abdomen in 3 more attenuated
than in 9.

Length of g 44 mm., of 25 mm.

Breadth of g acr. pron. about 1 mm., of 9 about 14 mm.

Breadth of ¢ acr. abd. about 1 mm., of 2 about 14 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

P. namakundensis n. sp. S.A.M.

(PL. IV, fig. 2.)

The body dull yellowish or ochraceous, feebly whitishly pubescent
on the head, the antero-lateral parts of the pronotum, and below ;
punctuated on the head, the pronotum, the scutellum, the clavus and

74 Annals of the South African Museum.

corium, the abdomen above and the body below; the inner surfaces
of the first and second antennal joints, the anterior and antero-lateral
parts of the head, the basal part and the under surface of the head,
the apical joint of the rostrum, a large transverse spot on each side
just before the middle of the pronotum, a medial basal spot and the
basal angles of the scutellum, a lateral longitudinal fascia (also showing
through the medial impunctate cell of the corium) and an interrupted
medial fascia near the apex on the dorsal surface of the abdomen,
the anterior part of the prosternum, the meso- and metasterna, an
oblong spot on the prostethium above the acetabulum, the upper
basal angle of the mesostethium, an obscure fascia on each side
extending from the metastethium on to the abdomen, the coxae and
trochanters (as far as can be seen in a carded specimen), the under
surfaces and the apices of the dentate spines on the anterior femora,
the lateral inner basal surfaces of the intermediate and posterior
femora blackish brown to black; the extreme bases of the third and
fourth antennal joints, the upper surface of the head, the eyes and
ocelli, the third rostral joint, a broad transverse fascia across the two
black spots and the posterior narrow margin on the pronotum, the
lateral basal parts of the scutellum, a large spot on the prostethium
above the acetabulum, a spot and the posterior margin on the meso-
stethium, a large spot on the metastethium, and the apices of the tarsi
reddish brown to testaceous ; the membrane transparent hyaline.

The head about as long as broad across the eyes, the apex promi-
nently produced, the upper surface slightly convex; with the anten-
niferous tubercles prominent, bluntly produced; the first antennal joint
the shortest, the second slightly longer than the third and fourth equal
joints; rostrum extending very slightly beyond the anterior coxae,
with the first three joints subequal and slightly shorter than the
fourth ; pronotum about as long as broad, with the antero-lateral
margins slightly convex, medially transversely depressed, the pos-
terior lateral angles tumid, subprominent ; scutellum basally elevated,
apically carinate; hemelytra slightly narrower than the abdomen,
not reaching the abdominal apex (2); coria with the costal margins
feebly sinuate basally ; anterior femora moderately incrassate and
armed beneath with a row of three large dentate spines and two or
three smaller ones in between; tarsi long.

Length of 29 54 mm.

Breadth of 2 about 1 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 75

P. pallidus n. sp. S.A.M.
(Ted Vell sane, IL)

The body pale yellowish ; punctuated on the head, the pronotum
(except for an impunctate area on each side before the middle), on
the scutellum, the clavus and corium (except for the medial transparent
impunctate part of the corium), on the dorsal surface of the abdomen
and on the body beneath; yellowishly pubescent, feebly above and
densely below ; the inner surfaces of the first two joints of the antennae,
the eyes, the lateral margins before the eyes, the basal parts around the
ocelli, the under surface, the medial line and the apex of the rostrum,
an obscure short longitudinal fascia on each side of the pronotum
laterally, a lateral fascia and a shorter medial fascia on the apical
half of the abdomen above, an obscure and interrupted fascia across
the pectoral region, a narrow fascia on each side of the abdomen below,
the sternum (as far as can be seen in carded specimen), the apices of
the larger dentate spines on the anterior femora, the under surfaces
of the anterior tibiae and the apices of the tarsi dark brown to
black.

The head about as long as broad across the comparatively small
eyes, with the apex prominently produced; ocelli behind the level
of the eyes; antenniferous tubercles prominent, bluntly produced ;
first antennal joint the shortest, the second the longest, slightly
longer than the fourth and third subequal joints ; rostrum extending
slightly beyond the anterior coxae, with the first three joints sub-
equal and shorter than the last ; pronotum about as broad as long,
somewhat flattened posteriorly, medially transversely depressed, with
the antero-lateral margins convex and broad, posterior lateral angles
obtuse; scutellum carinate apically, transversely elevated basally ;
clavus broader apically than basally, apical suture being more than
half the length of the scutellum; hemelytra about as broad as the
abdomen, not reaching the apex (2); anterior femora incrassate,
fusiform, armed beneath with a row of dentate spines (as in previous
two species); anterior tibiae markedly curved, dentally ampliated
apically.

Length, 2 64 mm.

Breadth, 2 about 14 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland— Waterberg (M. Exp.).

76 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sub-fam. 5. Aphaninae Stal.

Div. MYODOCHARIA Stal.

Gen. Paromtius Fieb.

1861. Fieber, Kur. Hem., pp. 46 and 170.
1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 51.

Stenocoris Rambur, Faun. Andal., p. 139, 1838.
Type.—P. leptopoides Baerenspr.

P. attenuatus Dall. S.A.M.

1852. Dallas, List, u, p. 579 (Rhyparochromus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 158 (Plociomera).

paganus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 34, 1855 (Rhyparochromus).
Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein, Otjituo, Waterberg (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Kambele Falls, Kunene R., Namakunde, On-
dongua, Mafa (M. Exp.).

P. gracilis Ramb. S.A.M.

1838. Rambur, Faun. Andal., p. 139 (Stenocoris).
1861. Fieber, Hur. Hem., p. 171.
1886. Puton, Cat., p. 25.

nabiformis Costa, Cim. regni. Neap. Cent., 1 (Pachymerus).

*- Baerensprung, Berl. Ent. Zeit., p. 331, pl. vi, fig. 3,

1859 (Plociomerus).

proximus Dallas, List, 11, p. 579, 1852 (Rhyparochromus).

* Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 157, 1865 (Plociomera).
natalensis Stal, Oetv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 34, 1855 (Rhyparochromus).
nabizoides Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 951, 1860 (Plociomerus).
Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).

Ovamboland—Namakunde, Tamansu (M. Exp.).

MIGDILYBS n. gen.

Body subelongate ; head about as long as the pronotum, slightly
convex above and below, anteocular part about as long as the post-
ocular part; eyes large; ocelli present; antenniferous tubercles
prominent ; antennae long, nearly as long as the body, with the first
joint passing the apex of the head and the second the longest ; rostrum

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 77

long, first joint not reaching the base of the head; pronotum con-
stricted and transversely depressed near the middle, with the anterior
part convex, the pronotal collar narrow, with the lateral margins
carinate, posterior lateral angles prominent, produced, either acutely
vertically upwards and slightly backwards, or bluntly upwards and
backwards; scutellum foveate centrally ; clavus elongate, with the
apical suture longer than the scutellum, and corial suture longer than
the apical margin of the corium ; corium longer than the membrane ;
membrane with five veins, the outer one small; abdomen beneath
medially longitudinally carinate (3), rounded apically, with a small
apical tubercle ($); legs long; anterior femora feebly incrassate,
spined or unspined subapically below ; anterior tibiae feebly clavate
apically ; posterior tibiae longer than femora; tarsi long, with the
basal joint considerably elongated.
This genus 1s intermediate between Paromius and Pamera.

Type.—M. furcifer n. sp.

M. fuarcifer n. sp. S.A.M.
(ek, JOU, tims, oe.)

Forma typica.—The body dark reddish brown ; the base of the head,
the abdomen above, the outer surfaces and the apices of the posterior
lateral angles, the acetabula, the posterior upper part of the pro-
stethium, the orifice of the odoriferous glands, the posterior angle of
the metastethium, the connexivum, the abdomen beneath and the
coxae paler, more brownish ; the apex of the head, the first and second
antennal joints and the base of the fourth, the rostrum and the legs
pale yellowish brown; the outer basal half and the margins of the
clavus, the apex of the scutellum, the basal part and a large sub-
apical spot on the corium, a large spot on the apex and a faint line
near the tip of the corium on the membrane yellowish white.

The head, including the eyes, about as broad as the anterior part
of the pronotum, slightly dilated behind the eyes, the upper surface
impunctate, finely rugulose; first antennal joint a little shorter than
the head, slightly incrassate, second slender, longest, feebly clavate
apically, third a little longer than the first, fourth about as long as
or slightly shorter than the second, slightly compressed near its
apex ; rostrum extending to between the intermediate coxae; the
first joint shghtly shorter than the second, third shorter than the
first, the fourth the shortest; pronotum a little broader than long,

78 Annals of the South African Museum.

with the posterior part about as long as the anterior part, with the
lateral margins carinate, with the surface (except for part of the
anterior lobe) finely punctuated, the posterior lateral angles acutely
prominent, produced vertically upwards and slightly backwards
(Pl. III, fig. 7a); scutellum deeply foveate centrally, punctuated
laterally and basally in the fovea; hemelytra broader than the
abdomen, extending to the apex of the abdomen; clavus and corium
longitudinally punctuated ; pectoral region partly punctuated, partly
finely rugulose; medial abdominal carina extending to about the
apex of the fifth segment; a stiff bristle laterally on each side of the
carina and near the apical margin of each abdominal segment (some-
times situated on a small callous area), another series laterally and
apically on each segment; abdomen feebly pubescent ventrally,
pilose dorsally on the apex; anterior femora feebly incrassate, armed
on the under surface subapically with three small spines (3); posterior
tibiae armed on the under surfaces with a few “ spine-like”’ bristles ;
basal joints of the tarsi more than twice as long as the two apical ones
together.

Length of g about 6 mm.

Breadth of $ about 14 mm.

Hab.—S.-W. Africa ?.

* M. furcifer var. capensis nov. S.A.M.

Body dark reddish brown, similar to furcifer, but the first and second
antennal joints and the base of the fourth, the rostrum, the neck, the
posterior part of the lateral carinate margins, and two spots on the
posterior lobe of the pronotum, the outer basal part and the margins
of the clavus, the basal part and a large subapical spot on the corium,
a small spot at the base near the apex of the corium, and a spot
at the apex of the membrane, the acetabula, the posterior narrow
margin of the metastethium, some lateral small callous spots on the
abdomen beneath, the coxae and legs are lighter, pale yellowish
white ; the posterior lateral angles less prominent and not so acutely
produced ; spines absent on the anterior femora.

Length of § 5-6 mm.

Breadth of g 14 mm.

A Larval Stage.—The head, the third joint, and the apex of the

* The specimens agree so closely with M. furcifer forma typica, except for the
spined anterior femora and the less acute posterior lateral angles, that they may be
considered as a variation and not as a definite new species.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 79

fourth antennal joint, the pronotum, the scutellum, the apical half
of the vestigial hemelytra and the pectoral regions like the adult dark
reddish brown; the antennae, a fine line on each side of the head
extending from above each eye obliquely backwards to the base and
becoming confluent and continuous on the pronotum and scutellum,
the basal half of the vestigial hemelytra, two broad transverse fascia
across the abdomen and the apex of the abdomen, the posterior apical
angle of the metastethium, the acetabula and the legs similar to the
adult pale yellowish white; three transverse fascia alternating with
the yellowish white fasciae on the abdomen, above and below scarlet
red; pronotum not yet constricted, but the carinate margins and
the incipient posterior lateral angles visible.

Length of larval form about 44 mm.

Breadth of larval form acr. pron. about 1 mm.

Breadth of larval form acr. abd. about 14 mm.

Hab.—Cape Province, Cape Town (R. W. E. Tucker).

Gen. PAMERA Say.

1831. Say (pro parte), New. Harm. Ind.-Dec.
1859. Say, Compl. Writ., i, p. 332.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 144 and 147.

Plociomerus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 255, 1843.
is Fieber, Hur. Hem., pp. 45 and 171, 1861.
Sub-gen. Doplonotus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., No. 7, p. 51, 1872.
‘ x Stal, Knum., iv, p. 152, 1874.
- Gyndes Stal, abid., iv, p. 151, 1874.
i; ,, Stal, Stett. Ent. Zeit., xxiii, p. 314, note, 1862.
< Orthaea Dallas, List, 11, pp. 532 and 580, 1852.
: »» uel, iawn. in, jo. 48), Sia

Type.—P. vincta Say.

P. pullata n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. III, fig. 8.)

The body velvety black, feebly whitishly pubescent on the head,
the pronotum, the pectoral regions, and more densely on the abdomen
below ; the apex of the first antennal joint, the apex of the scutellum,
the narrow margins of the clavus, the intramarginal part of the costal
half, and a large subapical spot touching the costal margin on the

80 | Annals of the South African Museum.

corium, a spot on the apex of the membrane, a spot and the faint
basal part near the apex of the corium as well as the veins in part
on the membrane, the bases of the anterior femora, the trochanters
and the bases of the posterior femora whitish; the abdomen above
and the coxae shining dark reddish brown; the ocelli red, and the
alae milky white.

The head large, subglobular, with the anteocular part longer than
the postocular part, the surface rugulose, covered with scattered
hairs; eyes large, protruding; first antennal joint short, slightly
incrassate, extending slightly beyond the cephalic apex, the second
longer than the first or the third, the third longer than the first,
the fourth mutilated in the specimen; rostrum extending to the
middle of the mesosternum, with the first joint about reaching
the posterior margin of the eyes, but not the base of the head,
the second joint subequal to the first, the third slightly shorter, the
fourth still shorter; pronotum about as long as broad, with a
distinct pronotal collar, with the anterior lobe subglobular and
about as wide as the head across the eyes, with the posterior lobe
shorter than the anterior one, the posterior lateral angles sub-
prominent, obtusely rounded ; scutellum slightly convex, subcarinate
apically ; hemelytra broader than the abdomen, not reaching the
apex (2); clavus and corium longitudinally punctuated, and pectoral
regions feebly punctuated; abdomen ventrally medially feebly
carinate, pilose ventrally and apically, with a long slender bristle
laterally on each segment; anterior femora moderately incrassate,
armed beneath with a large dentate spine and several smaller spines
near their apices; anterior tibiae slightly ampliated apically, and
all the tibiae armed with spine-like short bristles below ; tarsi long,
with the basal joint more than twice the length of the two apical
ones together.

Length of 9 64 mm.

Breadth of 2 about 14 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Ondongua (M. Exp.).

Div. RHYPAROCHROMARIA Stal.

Gen. PoLYoRATES Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., u, pp. 154 and 161.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 155 and 157.

Type.—P. consutus Germ.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 81

P. consutus Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 1389 (Pachymerus).
1874. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 161.

curvipes Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 34, 1855 (Rhyparo-
chromus).

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo, Windhuk (M. Exp.).
Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Seiner).

Div. APHANARIA Stal.

Gen. APHANUS L. de Castelnau.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai Hem., p. 35.

Pachymerus Lepelletier et Serville, Hncycl., x, p. 322, 1825.
Sua, Osir, We, Bux lela, INO, 1 jo. Bl, sae
Lepelletier et Serville.
Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 159 and 160, 1874.
me Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., iv, p. 221, 1885.
Rhyparochromus Fieber, Kurop. Hem., pp. 50 and 193, 1861.
Beosus Fieber, T. C., pp. 51 and 196, 1861.
Sub-gen. Microtomidens Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., iv, p. 221, 1885.
Phoreinus Stal, Enum., iv, p. 160, 1874.
Graptopeltus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 57, 1872.
re e Reuter, Rev. d’Hnt., iv, p. 223, 1885.
LInolobus Reuter, loc. cit., p. 224, 1885.
Bleteogonus Reuter, loc. cit., p. 225, 1885.
Xanthochilus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 57, 1872.
cs Ay Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., iv, p. 227, 1885.
Melandiscus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 57,
1872.
a LRH WEIL, UOOs Cio, USI
Naphius Stal, Enum., iv, p. 160, 1874.
Elasmolomus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 58, 1872.
Ragliodes Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., iv, p. 229, 1885.

Type.—A. pedestris Panz.

29

39

A. apralis Dall. S.A.M.

1852. Dallas, List, 11, p. 562 (Rhyparochromus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 165 (Beosus).
VOL. XXIII, PART 1. 6

82 Annals of the South African Museum.

turgidifemur Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 32, 1855 (Rhy-
parochromus).
nigromaculatus Stal, loc. crt., p. 83, 1855.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kubub, Gubub-Aar (Schultze).
Damaraland—Narebis, Otjituo (M. Exp.), Otjiwarongo
(J. Brown), Windhuk (Gentz), Otavi, Omaruru (Seewald).
Ovamboland—Namakunde, Okualuthi (M. Exp.).

A. pedestris Panz. S.A.M.

1791. Panzer, Faun. Germ., p. 92 (Lygaeus).

1829. Schilling, Beitr., pl. v, fig. 7.

1831. Hahn, Wanz. Ins., i, p. 62, fig. 38 (Pachymerus).
1861. Fieber, Kur. Hem., p. 195 (Rhyparochromus).

bardanae Preyssler, Verz., p. 102, fig. 14, 1791.
alboacuminatus Goeze, Beytr., u, p. 266, 1778.
i Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., iv, p. 228, 1885 (Pachymerus).

apicaris Fourcroy, Ent. Par., p. 204, 1785.
cinereus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., p. 2184, 1788.
mundulus Dohrn, Stett. Ent. Zeit., p. 160, 1860 (hyparochnoma sy
unsignis Boheman, Nya. Sver. Her , p. 93, 1852.
mendicus Stal, Enum., iv, p. 161, 1874 (Llasmolomus).
caffer Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 33, 1855 (Rhyparochromus).

», Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 166, 1865 (Beosus).
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Purch., 1915).

Gen. DizucueEs Dohrn.

1860. A. Dohrn, Stett. Ent. Zeit., xxi, p. 160.

vA, Swail, Oeing, Wow. llc, IGielig, INO, 15 [Ds DS:

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 159 and 161.

1885. Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., iv, p. 220.

Beosus Bergroth, Rev. d’Ent., xii, p. 202, 1893.

Ischnotarsus (pro parte) Fieber, Europ. Hem., pp. 50 and 191,
1861.

Methocus Scott, Hem. from Japan in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., iv
p. 433, 1874.

Type.—D. syriacus Dohrn.

D. armipes Fabr. S.A.M.

1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 164.
1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 231 (Lygaeus).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 83

1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 79 (Beosus).
1886. Puton, Cat., p. 29.
1888. Reuter, Rev. Syn., p. 208.

albostriatus Fabricius, 8. Rhyng., p. 229, 1803.
ik Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 168, 1865.
Ragusae Puton, Cat., 1886, p. 29, 1875.
Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (KE. Kéchig).
Ovamboland—Namakunde, Ondongua (M. Exp.), Omaramba
(Eriksson).

D. herero Bredd. S.A.M.

1913. (Breddin) Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 70.

var. fusculus (Breddin), loc. cit., p. 70, 1913.
var. picus (Breddin) Schumacher, loc. cit., p. 71, 1913.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjimbingwe (Schultze).

var. fusculus Bredd. S.A.M.

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (M. Exp.); also
Small Namaqualand—Steinkopf (Schultze).
Cape Province—Prieska, Cape Town.

var. picus Bredd.
Hab.—Damaraland—Gobabis (Beetz).

Gen. LetHarus Dall.

1852. Dallas, List, i, pp. 532 and 557.

1861. Fieber, Eur. Hem., pp. 50 and 193.
1872. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 59.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 164.

Coptoneurus Puton, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 141, 1869.
Mimicus Douglas and Scott, Ent. Month. Mag., v, p. 65, 1868.

Type.—L. africanus Dall.

L. tartareus Stal. S.A.M.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 174.

africanus Dallas (pro parte), List, 1, p. 557.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

84 Annals of the South African Museum.

L. termitarum (Bredd.).

1913. Breddin (Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 72).
Hab.—Damaraland— Windhuk (Techow).

Gen. NEOLETHAEUS Dist.

1909. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), ii, p. 340.
1910. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., Append., v, p. 79.

Type.—WN. typicus Dist.

N. aethiopicus n. sp. S.A.M.

(PI. IV, fig. 1.)

The body reddish brown to chocolate brown ; shining on the head,
the anterior part of the pronotum and the under surfaces; darker on
the head, the apex of the second, the basal half of the third and the
fourth joint of the antenna, the anterior and impunctate part on the
pronotum, some irregular patches on the clavus and corium, especially
medially near the inner apical angle on the latter, on the under surfaces
of the body, the spines on the anterior femora, the spines, tubercular
elevations and under surfaces of the two posterior femora; punctuated
medially on the head between the eyes and obliquely laterally, on
the extreme anterior part, the lateral and posterior half of the pro-
notum, on the scutellum, the clavus and corium, the under surface
of the head and the pectoral regions ; the apex of the third antennal
joint, the posterior lateral angles and three spots (sometimes obscure)
on the posterior margin of the pronotum (one medially and one on
each side near the posterior angles), two obscure spots on the scutellum,
three spots on the clavus, some small callous spots on the veins, and
some irregular spots on the corium, the basal half of the expanded
costal margin and the narrow apical part of the costal margin albescent;
the narrow anterior margin, the lateral expanded margins, and the
slightly carinate medial line on the pronotum, the carina on the
scutellum, the levigate lines on the clavus and corium (especially
along the sutures and margins of these), the apices of the femora and
often the tibiae and tarsi pallid, yellowish white; the membrane
bronzy.

The head triangular, about as broad across the eyes as long, with
the apex rather prominent, the basal and anterior part impunctate,
with the lateral parts in front of the eyes feebly yellowishly pubescent,

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 85

with a long slender hair on each side at about the anterior level of
the eyes; the first antennal joint slightly incrassate, extending
beyond the cephalic apex, armed basally with two short bristles,
with a single prominent one apically, the second joint the longest,
the third slightly shorter than the second, longer than the fourth,
the fourth about equal to the first ; rostrum extending a little beyond
the posterior coxae, with the first joint reaching the base of the head,
slightly shorter than the second and third subequal joints, the fourth
the shortest; pronotum subquadrate, longer than broad, with its
lateral margins slightly expanded and more or less obliquely straight,
with the surface coarsely punctuated posteriorly behind the slightly
elevated anterior part, with a bristle on each side on the anterior
margin near the anterior angles; scutellum slightly depressed
centrally, slightly carinate apically; hemelytra broader than the
abdomen, just reaching the apex; costal region basally slightly
expanded, impunctate ; membrane with four veins, the outer three
transversely connected as in Lethaeus; abdomen underneath finely
rugulose, with some ventral and apical bristles; femora incrassate,
the posterior ones more so; anterior femora armed with long spine-
like bristles and four small apical spines; posterior ones spinose,
granular (owing to small blunt elevations); anterior tibiae spinose
laterally and below, and posterior ones spinose like those of the
Cydninae.

Length of g 6-64 mm., of 2 64-7 mm.

Breadth of $ acr. pron. 2 mm., 9 2 mm.

Breadth of ¢ acr. abd. about 24 mm., 2 about 24 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Namakunde (M. Exp.); also

Transvaal—Acornhoek (M. Exp.).

Fam. PYRRHOCORIDAE Stal.

Sub-fam. Pyrrhocorinae Stal.

Gen. PROBERGROTHIUS Kirk.

1904. Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 280.

Odontopus L. de Castelnau, Ess. Hem., p. 137, 1832.
ee Stal, Enum., i, pp. 102 and 109, 1870.
be Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. u, p. 108, 1903.

Type.—P. sexpunctatus de Castelnau.

86 Annals of the South African Museum.

P. sexpunctatus de Castelnau. S.A.M.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Ess. Hem., p. 37, pl. lin, fig. 5 (Odontopus).
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 271.

1849. Guerin in Lefebvre, Voy. en. Abyss. Ins., p. 341.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 6 (Odontopus).

Hab.—Damaraland—Damaraland (M. Exp.), Tsumeb (Kéchig).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. DERMATINUS Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 260.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 12.
1870. Stal, Enum., i, pp. 103 and 114.

Type.—D. lumbifer Stal.

D. limbifer Stal. §.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 36.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr.,.1, p. 12.

Hab.—Ovamboland (Eriksson).

D. tartareus Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 36.
Kod, Swell Jalen, Avie. Ml, oO, 1A,

truncatipennis Fallen, Rev. d’Ent., x, p. 8, 1891 (Pyrrhocoris).
ie Bergroth, Rev. d’Ent., xi, p. 262, 1892.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjiwarongo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.), Omaramba (Eriksson).

Winged 92: Pl. III, fig. 6. S.A.M.
The two female specimens in our collection agree in details with
our determined apterous specimens of D. tartareus Stal, except for the
fact that they are winged. As in the winged forms of other apterous
Pyrrhocoridae the corium is definitely separated from the clavus and
the apical margin passes insensibly into the membrane. The mem-
brane just reaches the apex of the abdomen and the venation is reti-
culate like that of the winged forms of Scantius forstera Fabr., and
characterised by fairly large basal cells.
Length of winged 2 7-8 mm.
Breadth of winged 9 acr. pron. 24-24 mm.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 87

Breadth of winged @ acr. abd. 3-34 mm.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.); also
-Transvaal—Florida (M. Exp.).

Gen. ADERRHIS Berer.
1906. Bergroth, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 50, No. 7, p. 199.
Type.—A. pulla Bergr.

A. pulla Berger. S.A.M.
(Pl. IV, figs. 3, 3a, and 30.)
1906. Bergroth, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 50, No. 7, p. 200.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson) ; also
Natal—Durban.

Both specimens are males. This species probably has an extended
distribution, for Bergroth first described it from the island of Pemba,
Kast Africa.

Gen. Scantius Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 10.
1870. Stal, Enum., i, pp. 103 and 116.

Type.—S. forstera Fabr.

S. forstert Fabr. S.A.M.

1781. Fabricius, Spec. Ins., 1, p. 368.

1787. Fabricius, Mant. Ins., u1, p. 302.

1788. Gmelin, Syst. Nat., I, iv, p. 2177 (Cumez).

1848. Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vii, p. 102, fig. 871 (Pyrrhocoris).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 10.

1888. Reuter, Rev. Syn., p. 216.

clavimanus Fabricius, Spec. Ins., 1, p. 368.
a Fabricius, Mant. Ins., 11, p. 302, 1787 (Camez).
BS Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 231, 1803 (Lygaeus).
“e Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vii, p. 102, fig. 871, 1848
(Pyrrhocoris).
deustus Thunberg, Nov. Ins. sp., 11, p. 58, 1784.

» Gmelin, Syst. Nat., I, iv, p. 2168, 1788 (Camez).

,, Thunberg, Hem. Rostr., cap. iv, p. 3, 1822 (Lygaeus).
centralis Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 952, 1860 (Dermatinus).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Namakunde (M. Exp.), Omaramba

(Eriksson).

88 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. DyspERcuS Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 272.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 13.

1870. Stal, Enum., i, pp. 103 and 117.

Astemma L. de Castelnau, Ess. Hem., p. 37, 1832.

Sub-gen. Prezodora Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 953, 1860.
Stal, Enum., i, p. 117, 1870.

Type.—D. cingulatus Fab.

be) 99

D. superstitiosus Fabr. S.A.M.

1775. Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 719.

1778. Goeze, Ent. Beytr., i, p. 256.

1781. Fabricius, Spec. Ins., p. 364.

1787. Fabricius, Mant. Ins., u, p. 299.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 221 (Lyqaeus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 15.

albicallus Schaum, Peters’ Reis. Moss. Ins., p- 45, 1862.
koenigit Wolff, Ic. Cim., i, p. 28, 1800 (Lygaeus).
migrofasciatus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 36, 1855.
ms Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 14, 1865.
Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas (M. Exp.), Grootfontein-Namutoni
(Seewald).
Ovamboland—Okavango R., Omaramba (Eriksson).

Fam. TINGIDIDAE Stal.
Sub-fam. Tingitinae Stal.

Div. SERENTHIARIA Stal.

Mara n. gen.

Body narrow, elongated; head large, with its apex slightly pro-
duced beyond the bases of the antennae, with a blunt outwardly
directed spine behind each antenna and each eye, with the base
moderately thickened, with a curved groove on each side extending
from this collar-like thickening to the base of the antenna; eyes
slightly sunk in the head; ocelli absent ; antennae long, pilose, with
the first and second joints short and incrassate, with the third joint

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 89

the longest ; buccal laminae elevated, punctuated laterally, contiguous
apically in front of the head; rostrum comparatively short; pro-
notum with the lateral margins ampliated and areolated, its posterior
part acutely produced, covering the scutellum completely, with the
anterior margin deeply concave and the anterior lateral angles acute,
the surface distinctly punctuated (except for an impunctate callous
area anteriorly on each side), longitudinally tricarinate, with the
medial carina prominent anteriorly and posteriorly along its entire
length, and the lateral carinae obsolete anteriorly ; hemelytra areo-
lated, long, with parallel sides, broader than the abdomen, projecting
slightly over and laterally under it, extending considerably beyond
-its apex; costal margin slightly ampliated; costal and subcostal
areas not so well defined as the discoidal area ; pectoral region turgid,
punctuated laterally on the prostethium; pro- and mesosterna sul-
cated; anterior legs further removed from the intermediate ones
than the posterior ones; femora slightly longer than the tibiae ;
tarsi with the first joint much shorter than the second.
This genus is allied to Lullous.

Type.—WM. lanceolata n. sp.

M. lanceolata n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. IV, fig. 4.)

The head, the eyes, the apical part of the rostrum, the anterior
part of the pronotum, the pectoral regions, and the abdomen black ;
the antennae and the legs golden yellow; the fourth antennal joint,
the rostrum, the anterior margin of the pronotum, the posterior
margin of the prostethium, the coxae, the apices of the tibiae and the
tarsi deeper, more brownish yellow; the buccal laminae, the lateral
ampliated margins, the anterior part of the medial carina and the
posterior carinae on the pronotum, the hemelytra, the anterior margin
of the prostethium, and the narrow apical upper part of the meta-
stethium lemon or sulphur yellow ; the posterior part of the pronotum
and the discoidal areas slightly darker, more greenish. The upper
surface of the head feebly punctuated ; antennae about half as long
as the body, the first and second joints subglobular, of equal length,
the third the longest, and the fourth slightly more than half the length
of the third; rostrum strap-like up to the third joint, extending to
between the anterior coxae, with the first and second subequal joints
each about as long as the third and fourth subequal joints together ;
pronotum slightly convex medially, depressed anteriorly on each

90 Annals of the South African Museum.

side of the medial carina; areolae on the hemelytra pit-like, dense
basally, medially and laterally on the costal, the subcostal, and
discoidal areas, more reticulate and coarser apically; hemelytra
attenuated and bluntly pointed apically, projecting considerably
beyond the abdomen; discoidal area about as wide as the costal
and subcostal areas together; alae opalescent, vitreous, projecting
beyond the abdominal apex; lateral pectoral and lateral basal
abdominal regions silvery pubescent; genital segment, the apex of
the abdomen and the legs finely pilose; surface of the abdomen
beneath shining and very finely rugulose; intermediate femora and
tibiae shghtly shorter than the anterior and posterior ones.

Length of $ and 2 to tip of hemelytra 3-3-5 mm.

Breadth of ¢ and 2 about 0:5 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

Drv. TINGIDARIA Stal.

Gen. Monanraia Lep. et Serv.
1825. Lepelletier et Serville, Encycl. Meth., x, p. 653.
1874. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 3, p. 58.
Type.—WM. echw Schranck.

M. mitrata Dist. S.A.M.
1905. Distant, Tr. S. Afr. Ph. Soc., xiv, p. 433, pl. viii, fig. 14.

Hab.—Damaraland—Omaruru (J. Brown).

Fam. HENICOCEPHALIDAE Stal.

Gen. HENICOCEPHALUS Westwd.

1837. Westwood, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 22.
1889. Bergroth, Rev. d’Ent., vii, p. 319.

Systelloderus Blanchard, Gay, Hist. d’Chile, vu, p. 224, 1852.
Oncylocotis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xu, p. 44, 1855.
Emicocephalus Stal, Rio Hem., i, p. 81, 1858.

Dicephalus Kirby, Cat. Ceyl. Hem., p. 117,1891; Linn. 8. Zool., xxiv.
Henschiella Horvath, Rev. d’EHnut., vii, p. 169, 1888.

Hymenodectes, Hymenocoris Uhler, Maryland Acad. Sc., 1892.

Type.—H. flavicollis Westwd.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 91

H. nasutus Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 44.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 166.
Hab.—Damaraland—Omaruru (Seewald).
Ovamboland—Kambele Falls and Otjimbumbe, Kunene R.
(M. Exp.).

Fam. HYDROMETRIDAE Stal.

Sub-fam. Hydrometrinae.

Gen. HyDROMETRA Latr.

1797. Latreille, Prec. des Caract. gen. des. ins., p. 86.
1824. Curtis, Brit. Hnt., 1, p. 32.
1825. Lepelletier et Serville, Encycl. Meth., x, p. 265.
1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai, p. 22.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 166.
1879. Bergroth, Hem. Argent., p. 181.
LInmnobates Burmeister, Handb., ii, p. 210, 1835.
a Fieber, Hur. Hem., p. 103, 1861.
Douglas and Scott, Brit. Hem., p. 575, 1865.
J. Sahlberg, Not. Faun. Fl. Fenn., xiv, p. 269, 1875.

Type.—d. stagnorum Linn.

29

99

H.. ambulator Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xii, p. 45.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 166.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Ondongua, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R..,
Ukualuthi (M. Exp.).

Fam. GERRIDAE (Kirk.) Amy. et Serv.

(=Sub-fam. Gerrinae Bianchi.)

Div. GERRINARIA Bianchi.

Gen. GERRIS Fabr.
1794. Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 188.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 414.
Hydrometra Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 256, 1803.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Hydrometra Fieber, Hem., pp. 33 and 106, 1861.
“ J. Sahlberg, Not. Faun. Fl. Fenn., xiv, p. 248, 1875.
Aquarius Schellenberg, Land. u. Wasserw., p. 25, 1800.
Sub-gen. Tenagogonus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., x, p. 263, 1865.
e Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 168, 1865.
y Inmnometra Mayr, Reis. Nov. Hem., p. 174, 1866.
Inmnogonus Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 132, 1868.
% Inmnotrechus, Limnoporus and Hygrotrechus Stal, Oefv.
Vet. Ak. Forh., pp. 396 and 397, 1868.
ie Lamprotrechus Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xxv,
p. 40, 1882.

Type.—G. lacustris Linn.

G. swakopensis Stal. S.A.M.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 318.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 169 (Tenagogonus).

Hab.—Namaqualand—Besondermaid (Schultze).
Damaraland—Swakop (after Stal), Waterberg-Otanjande
(Seewald).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Fam. REDUVIIDAE Stal.

Sub-fam. 1. Holoptilinae Stal.

Gen. Hotoptiuus Lepel. et Serv.

1825. Lepelletier et Serville, Encycl. Meth., x, p. 280.
1832. Lap., Ess. Hem., pp. 7 and 50.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 320.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 45.

1874. Stal, Enum. Hem., iv, p. 5.

Lasiocera Lap., Ess. Hem., p. 47, 1832.

Type.—dH. ursus Lepel. et Serv.

H. vulpes Stal. S.A.M.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 46.
1874. Westwood, Thesaurus Ent., p. 193, pl. xxxvi, fig. 6.

Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. 8. Brown).
Damaraland—Windhuk (Techow Heller).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 93

Sub-fam. 2. Emesinae Amy. et Serv.

Gen. TrnnA Dohrn.

1860. A. Dohrn, Linn. Ent., xiv, pp. 213 and 245.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iu, pp. 163 and 164.
1874. Stal, Enum. Hem., iv, pp. 93 and 95.

Type.—T. gracilis Stal.

T. serratifemora un. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. IV, figs. 5 and 5a.)

Apterous; the body narrow and elongated; the head, meso- and
metathorax, the scutellum, the irregular blotches on the dorsal
surface of the abdomen, the superior surfaces of the anterior femora,
the anterior tibiae, the anterior part and spine on the prostethium,
the meso- and metastethium, the meso- and metasterna (as far as
can be seen in the carded specimens), the lateral spots to the abdominal
margin and connexivum at the apices of the segments, the subapical
part of the abdomen, an obscure lateral fascia on each side of the
abdomen abbreviated anteriorly, and the subapical parts of the inter-
mediate and posterior femora dark brown ; the antennae (first joints),
the under surface of the head, the rostrum, the apices of the spines on
the head and femora, the anterior part of the mesostethium, the four
tubercular elevations on the mesothorax, the apex of the scutellum,
the two posterior coxae, and the intermediate and posterior legs
lighter ; pronotum, prostethium, prosternum, some lateral patches,
the small tubercles and an obscure medial line on the dorsal surface
of the abdomen, the spines on the under surface of the head, the anterior
coxae, trochanters, the under surfaces and apices of the anterior
femora, the bases of the anterior tibiae, the anterior claw-like tarsi,
the spines on the anterior trochanters and femora, the abdomen
beneath, the lateral spots on the margin of the abdomen and con-
nexivum occupying the basal parts of the segments, the apex of the
abdomen, the apices of the two posterior femora, and the bases of the
tibiae yellowish white.

The head large, globular, with a medial transverse depression
between the eyes, with the postocular globular part slightly longer
than the anteocular part, the anterior lateral part armed on each side
at the base of the rostrum with three spines (one directed forwards,
a larger one directed downwards, and a very small one near the eye),

94. Annals of the South African Museum.

the under surface below the eyes armed with four stout spines
(between which the rostrum passes) ; rostrum three-jointed, with the
apical joint about as long as the basal and longer than the second ;
pronotum constricted behind the middle, with the posterior lobe
globular and narrower than the head ; prostethium with a stout spine
anteriorly on each side; mesothorax with the anterior part narrow,
with a faint medial sulcation, with the lateral margins carinate,
with the medial part elevated, and with four tubercular elevations
on it; scutellum small, medially carinate; abdomen with the basal
part narrower than the head, the lateral margins reflected upwards,
with a tubercle medially on the apical margin of each segment dorsally,
with the dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces rugulose ; anterior coxae
elongated ; anterior femora incrassate, armed beneath with more or
less two rows of spines; anterior trochanter armed with a spine;
anterior tibiae armed with spines apically ; anterior tarsi claw-like
(anterior tibia and tarsus together about as long as anterior femur) ;
posterior femora long, slightly dilated apically; posterior tibiae
longer than the femora ; tarsi three-jointed, with the basal joint the
longest.

Length about 6 mm.

Max. breadth about 1 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 3. Stenopodinae Stal.

Gen. ONcocEPHALUS Klug.

1830. Klug, Symb. Phys., u.

1861. Fieber, Hur. Hem., pp. 42 and 151.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 155; sub-gen. Baebius, p. 154, loc. cit.
1883. Reuter, Monogr. Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xii, p. 675.

Spilalonius Stal, Enum. Hem., ii, p. 123, 1872.
Type.—O. notatus Klug.

O. annulipes Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 44.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 158.
1882. Reuter, Monogr., p. 34, pl. 1, fig. 18.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (HE. Kéchig).

Contributions to.a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 95

O. clavipes n. sp. S.A.M.
(PIL. te. 6.)

The head, the antennae, the apex of the second rostral joint, the
disc of the posterior pronotal lobe and five longitudinal fasciae (the
extreme lateral ones obscure) extending from posterior lobe on to
the anterior lobe and abbreviated anteriorly, the scutellum, the
prostethium, the meso- and metastethium, the apical region of the
abdomen on the ventral surface, some longitudinal fasciae or spots
on the superior surfaces of the anterior femora, the apices of all the
femora, a medial annulation on the posterior femora, the bases and
apices as well as a medial annulation on all the tibiae black; the
clavus, the medial inner part of the corium, an obscure transverse
fascia extending from the middle of corium to the costal margin
but not reaching it, the membrane and the dorsal surface of the
abdomen infuscated; the bases of the antennae, the basal half of
the rostrum, the anterior pronotal lobe, the broad lateral margin
and the narrow posterior margin on each side of the posterior pronotal
lobe, the upper lateral margin and the upper basal part of the pro-
stethium, a narrow outer basal margin of the clavus, the broad costal
and apical regions of the corium, the prosternal sulcation, the meso-
and metasterna, the ventral surface of the abdomen, the connexivum,
the coxae, the bases and under surfaces of the anterior femora, the
two posterior femora, and all the tibiae yellowish white ; the posterior
lateral angles of the pronotum, the costal and subcostal veins of the
coria, and the margins of the abdomen and connexivum reddish yellow
or orange; the basal and outer apical margins of the membrane and
the narrow fasciae along its veins whitish ; the apices of the anterior
tibiae and the tarsi testaceous.

The head with the anteocular part cylindrical and slightly longer
than the postocular part, with two spines between the bases of the
antennae and a spine behind each antenniferous tubercle, with some
tubercles carrying bristles laterally behind the eyes and some smaller
ones on the anteocular region; eyes large; ocelli on a postocular
elevation; the antennae pilose, the first joint slightly incrassate,
shorter than the head, extending beyond the apex, second about
one and two-thirds the length of the first, the rest mutilated in speci-
men; rostrum with the first joint subequal to the second ; pronotum
constricted at about the middle, with the anterior part narrower than
the head with the eyes; anterior pronotal lobe sulcated medially
from about the middle to a medium pit-like depression on the trans-

96 Annals of the South African Museum.

verse constriction, with the anterior margin sinuate and crenulate,
the anterior angles tubercularly prominent, the lateral margins
straight and crenulate, surface obscurely granular ; posterior pronotal
lobe granular, slightly foveate on each side near the slightly prominent
somewhat recurved posterior lateral angles ; prostethium prominently
bituberculate anteriorly ; prosternal sulcation with a row of small
bristle-carrying tubercles on each side; scutellum elevated, with its
apex horizontally produced into a spine; apical part of clavus and
the medial parts of the coria transversely rugulose ; hemelytra slightly
narrower than the abdomen; metasternum and the abdomen below
medially carinate (carina on abdomen extending to about the apex
of the fifth abdominal segment) ; connexivum narrow basally, broader
apically, deeply incised at its apex; anterior trochanters granularly
tuberculate ; anterior femora incrassate, longitudinally ridged below,
the ridges being armed with alternating blunt spines and _ bristle-
carrying tubercles; anterior tibiae about as long as the femora,
longitudinally pilose.

Length, 12-13 mm.

Breadth acr. pron. about 3 mm.

Breadth acr. abd. about 3-3-6 mm.

Hab.—Great Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. S. Brown).

Little Namaqualand—Upington (M. Exp.), Zak R. (Wilson).

Gen. BAEBIUS Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 154.
Type.—B. caffer Stal.

B. caffer Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 44 (Stenopoda).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 155.
1882. Reuter, Monogr. in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 15, pl. i, fig. 3.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein, Tsumeb, Windhuk (M. Exp.).

B. denticulatus Stal. S.A.M.

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 87.
1882. Reuter, Monogr. in. Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 13, pl. i, fig. 2.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Hriksson).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 97

Sub-fam, 4. Salyavatinae Stal.
TRITAVUS n. gen.

Apterous; body subelongate, with hard integument; head sub-
globular, with the anterior end distinctly produced into a raised,
blunt, spine-like projection between the antenniferous tubercles, with
the anteocular part shorter than the postocular part, transversely
impressed behind the eyes; ocelli absent; antennae four-jointed,
with the first joint slightly incrassate, extending considerably beyond
the apex of the head, with the second the longest ; rostrum short,
stout, three-jointed, with the first jommt much longer than the two
apical ones together, but not reaching the base of the head, with the
second dilated; pro-, meso- and metanota well defined; pronotum
globular ; scutellum absent (unless the medial ridge on the mesonotum
represents it); hemelytra absent ; abdomen composed of six distinct
segments (excluding genital segment), medially dorsally carinate on
the first segment, ventrally basally subcar.nate (2), medially ventrally
carinate (3); prosternum sulcated; metasternum globularly elevated,
produced posteriorly into two small tubercles ; legs well developed ;
the coxae powerful, more or less globular, the anterior ones being the
most powerful, with their inferior and lateral surfaces often raised
into a tubercle; femora incrassate, the anterior ones being more
so; ante ior and intermediate tibiae with spongy fossae ; posterior
femora, tibiae and tarsi longer than anterior ones; anterior tarsi
two-jointed ; posterior tarsi three-jointed, with the apical joint about
as long as the two basal ones together.

$ slightly smaller than 9, with the abdomen ventrally longitudi-
nally carinate.

2 larger, with the abdomen more distended and ventrally only
basally subcarinate, with the genitalia (Pl. V, fig. 7a) composed of
two lateral plates, a dorsal plate, with the genital orifice and its
attendant structures in the form of a longitudinal basal slit and a
transverse median aperture.

Higgs (Pl. V, fig. 76) hard, subglobular, operculated, with a
slight depression on each side near the subtriangular opening ; shell
chitinous, feebly ornamented with a mosaic pattern; operculum
plug-like, non-chitinous, foam-like.

This genusis related to Lisarda. It shows either primitive or highly
modified characters, probably as a result of its mode of life. The insects
were found under stones by Mr. R. F. Lawrence, and are most likely
predatory in habits. The maturity of the specimens was established

VOL. XXIII, PART 1. 7

98 Annals of the South African Museum.

on dissection by the presence of numerous eggs in the body-cavity of
a female.
Type.—T. saxatilis n. sp.

T. saxatilis n. sp. S.A.M.

(Pl. V, figs. 7, Ta, and 7b.)

The body feebly yellowishly pubescent, yellowish earthy brown
above, with the under surfaces and the legs paler, more ochraceous ;
the apex of the second antennal joint, the eyes, the posterior part of
the head behind the anterior margin of the eyes, the under surface of
the head, the medial cruciform pattern, and the postero-lateral part
on the pronotum, three finger-like radiating callous fasciae on each
side of the medial ridge and the lateral margins on the mesonotum,
two medial longitudinal fasciae and the lateral margins on the meta-
notum, the medial basal part and the carina, a broad medial longi- ©
tudinal interrupted fascia, a small oblique fascia on each side at the
bases of the segments and the segmental sutures on the dorsal surface
of the abdomen, the apical angles of the segments on the connexivum,
the anterior, posterior margin, and the sulcation on the prosternum,
a broad lateral fascia on each side of the pectoral and abdominal
regions below (sometimes interrupted on the abdomen), the posterior
margin and tubercles on the metasternum, a medial, ventral, longi-
tudinal line on the abdomen, the male genital segment, two annulations
(one near the middle and the other subapical) on the femora, the bases
and apices of the tibiae, and the apices of the tarsal joints deep brown
to black.

The head slightly longer than broad, more or less globular; an-
tennae with the first joint as long as or slightly shorter than the
third, the second considerably longer than the others, and the fourth
slightly shorter than the first ; rostrum touching the prosternum, not
reaching the anterior coxae, with the first joint about twice as long
as the second and third subequal ones together; the globular pro-
notum slightly shorter than the head, about as broad as the head is
long, with the anterior angles tubercularly prominent, and with a
prominent tubercle medially posteriorly ; mesonotum basally de-
pressed, longitudinally subcarinate, with the posterior lateral angles
tubercularly prominent ; metanotum much broader than long, with
a medial subcarinate ridge ; abdomen above with the sutures feebly
crenulated, and wth a small pore basally on each side of the first
segment in both sexes; femora armed with bristles on the under

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 99

surfaces ; anterior tibiae slightly compressed, dilated apically, their
spongy fossae being larger than the intermediate ones ; apical margin
of the last abdominal segment above truncated in 9, rounded in the g ;
antennae, rostrum, medial ventral surface of the abdomen, the coxae,
and the legs pilose ; eggs dark reddish brown, resembling seeds.

Length of ¢ 11-12 mm., ¢ 134-14 mm.

Breadth of 3 4-44 mm., 9 5-54 mm.

Egg about 1 mm. in diameter.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.), On-

gandjera (M. Exp.).

ARANEASTER 0. gen.

Apterous; body subelongate, with hard integument, granular,
with small tubercles (carrying minute bristles) ; head with the ante-
ocular part slightly longer than the postocular dilated part, with a
transverse impression behind the eyes, with the surface tubercularly
granular, with a small spine in front of each antenniferous tubercle,
and two small upright spines medially between the antenniferous
tubercles ; eyes lateral; ocelli absent; antennae with the first joint
incrassate and extending beyond the apex of the head, with the second
the longest ; rostrum short, stout, three-jointed, with the first joint
longer than the others, not reaching the base of the head; thorax
distinctly divided into pro-, meso- and metanota, the posterior lateral
angles of each acutely prominent; scutellum and hemelytra absent ;
abdomen with seven distinct segments (excluding genital segment),
with the apical angles of the segments angularly produced; pro-
sternum broadly sulcated ; metasternum globularly elevated, slightly
depressed posteriorly ; mesostethium with a pore near the posterior
margin; coxae powerful, the anterior ones being armed near their
bases with a well-developed downwardly directed nodular structure,
and the posterior ones fairly wide apart; femora slightly incrassate,
with the posterior ones slightly more so, with the intermediate and
posterior ones armed beneath apically with dentate spines ; anterior
and intermediate tibiae feebly dilated apically, without spongy fossae ;
posterior tibiae armed beneath with two rows of slender bristles ;
tarsi two-jointed, with the apical joint considerably longer than the
basal one ; posterior legs longer than anterior ones; genital segment (9)
(Pl. VI, fig. la *) subterminal, in the form of a short downwardly
directed tubular structure with a circular aperture.

* In Pl. VI, fig. la is upside down, the top being ventral and the bottom
dorsal.

100 Annals of the South African Museum.

This genus seems to be an isolated one, and differs from other
members of the Salyavatinae by the presence of two joints to all the
tarsi. As only a single female specimen is at hand, and the general
characters agree with those of the Salyavatinae, I assign it to this sub-
family. This insect was also found under stones in company with
T. saxatilis, to which it bears a strong resemblance.

Type.—A. granulosus n. sp.

A. granulosus n. sp. S.A.M.

(AE WIL ties. 1, a, einel It.) |

The body granular, with a shagreen appearance, deep dark or earthy
brown above ; the first antennal joints, the disc of the pronotum, the
lateral intramarginal parts of the meso- and metanota, some obscure
large spots on each side on the abdomen above, the bases of the apical
angles on the segments on the connexivum and the legs, especially
the anterior ones, with an orange tinge ; the second, third, and fourth
antennal joints, the eyes, the rostrum, a large lateral spot on each
side and the posterior part of the pronotum, two medial abbreviated
fasciae, a lateral fascia on each side anastomosing posteriorly and a
spot on each side near the posterior angles on the mesonotum, the
medial part and a spot on each side near the posterior angles on the
metanotum, an obscure medial spot at the base of the second abdominal
segment above, some medial infusions on the posterior half of the
abdomen above, three longitudinal rows of eye-like spots (surrounded
by a pale margin), two series on the segmental sutures, and one series
on the segments on each side of the abdomen above, a spot on the
margin near the apical angle of each segment on the connexivum, a
spot on the prostethium, the meso- and metastethia in part, two rows
of eye-like spots on each side, and a medial row of larger spots on the
abdomen below, the prosternum, an antero-lateral spot and a lateral
spot on the coxae, a spot on the superior basal parts and a broad
annulation beyond the middle on the femora, the subbasal annulation
and the apices of the tibiae and the tarsi dark brown to black; the
medial part and the posterior lateral angles on the pronotum, two
basal fasciae, the basal parts of the lateral margins and the posterior
angles on the mesonotum and metanotum, the apical angles of the
segments on the connexivum, a callous spot medially near the apical
margin of the second abdominal segment above, the prostethium in
part, the acetabula, the anterior part of the prosternum, the meso- and
metasterna, the medial ventral part of the abdomen below, the genital
pore, the coxae, trochanters, femora, and tibiae pale yellowish white.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 101

The head slightly longer than broad, with the interocular space
shghtly raised into four tubercular elevations; antennae with the
first joint the shortest, slightly shorter than the fourth, with the
second slightly longer than the third; rostrum touching the pro-
sternum, not reaching the anterior coxae, with the first joint longer
than the two apical ones together, and the second slightly longer than
the third ; pronotum about as long as the head, slightly broader than
long, with the medial part slightly convex and raised into two
tubercular elevations near the middle and one posteriorly and medially,
with the anterior lateral angles tubercularly prominent, and the lateral
margins straight ; posterior lateral angles of the meso- and metanota
angularly produced; abdomen with a small pore basally on each
side on the first dorsal segment, with the lateral parts reflected
upwards and slightly over the dorsal surfaces, with the apical angles
of the segments acutely angular; prosternum with the anterior
angles prominent ; anterior coxae armed with a downwardly directed
nodular structure (Pl. VI, fig. 1b); femora and tibiae tubercular ;
tibiae pilose apically ; anterior tibiae feebly dilated apically, with no
spongy fossae.

Length of 2 about 11 mm.

Breadth of 2 acr. pron. about 2 mm.

Breadth of 9 acr. abd. 4 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 5. Acanthaspidinae Stal.
TrinE REDUVIINI Jeannel.

Gen. GNISTUS Stal.

1874. Stal, Enum. Hem., iv, pp. 65 and 71.
Neovarus Distant, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., x, p. 46, 1911.
Type.—G. fuscovrroratus Stal.

G. luterpennis Dist. S.A.M.
1911. Distant, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., x, p. 46 (Neovarus).
Hab.—8.-W. Africa—(Locality ?) (Dr. Knobel).

Gen. Repuvius Lam.

1801. Lamarck, Syst., p. 294.
1802. Latreille, Hist. Nat., in, p. 249.

102 Annals of the South African Museum.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., i, p. 234.

1840. Spinola, Essai Hem., p. 120.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 337.

1892. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xix, No. 15, p. 3.

Opsicoetus Klug, Symb. Phys., u, fol. e, 1830.
* Stal, Enum. Hem., iv, p. 66, 1874.
Holotrichius (part) Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vin, p. 38, 1848.
Opinus (part) Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 40, 1855.
Varus (part) Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 141, 1865.
Oplistopus Jakowlefi, Troudy. Ent. Ross., viii, p. 79, 1875.

Tvpe.—R. personatus Linn.

Rh. bitumineus n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. IV, fig. 7.)

Body, antennae and legs pilose; the head, prothorax and pro-
sternum shining; the scutellum, hemelytra and body beneath
oleaceous ; the head, eyes, antennae, prothorax, scutellum, the coria,
the veins of the membrane, two fasciae (one along the exterior vein
of the exterior membranal cell, the other parallel to it and more
exteriorly), and a subapical blotch towards the exterior margin of
the membrane, the lateral pectoral regions and a broad fascia on each
side of the abdomen piceous; the antenniferous tubercles, a spot
on the fovea near each lateral posterior angle on the posterior margin
of the pronotum, an obscure basal spot on the clavus and the corium,
a subapical fascia on the corium, the rostrum, the sternum, the coxae,
the superior surfaces of the legs, the connexivum, and the apex of the
abdomen brownish ochraceous; the under surfaces of the legs, the
short medial ventral abdominal carina extending to about the apex
of the second abdominal segment, the disc of the abdomen and the
basal half of the dorsal surface a little lighter (the apical part of the
clavus, the contiguous part of the corium, the areola, an area in the
middle cell of the corium are clear but show the yellowish dorsal
surface of the abdomen); the membrane infuscated (the basal spot
at the apex of the corium and a fascia between the two dark fasciae
not infuscated); alae opalescent hyaline; the abdomen ochraceous
dorsally on its basal half, castaneous towards the apex.

The head with the anterior elongated part projecting forward,
narrower than basal part, with the medial part grooved to the slight
tubercular elevation between the antenniferous tubercles ; eyes large :

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 103

ocelli on a convex basal part ; antennae with the first joint incrassate
and just reaching the apex, the second less incrassate and more than
twice as long as the first, with the third and fourth slender and about
equally long ; rostrum with the second joint only slightly longer than
the first ; pronotum constricted before the middle, deeply sulcated
on the anterior part, the sulcation being continuous with a broad
median depression on the posterior part (bounded by ridges), with
the lateral margins pilose, the posterior lateral angles tubercularly
rounded, with the surface of the posterior lobe rugulose and the
posterior margin convex to the scutellum ; scutellum triangular, with
its apex raised into a blunt spine, with the central triangularly raised
area transversely rugulose, with its margins carinate and pilose ;
corium with the veins prominent and pilose along costal margin ;
prosternum deeply sulcate ; metasternum and basal part of abdomen
below medially carinate ; abdomen below finely rugulose and pilose ;
legs extremely pilose; anterior femora slightly incrassate ; anterior
and intermediate tibiae with spongy fossae.

g with the abdominal carina extending to the apex of the fifth
ventral segment and with the apex rounded ; 9 with the apex pointed.

This species is allied to labeculatus Dist.

Length, 13-15 mm.

Breadth, 3-4 mm.

Hab.—Great Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J.S. Brown).

Damaraland—Nuragas (M. Exp.), Ojtiwarongo (J.S. Brown).

R. fusciceps Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 218.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 140 (Opsicoetus).
1892. Reuter in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xix, No. 15, p. 20.

Hab.—Damaraland—Swakop R. (after Stal).

Rh. ngricephalus n. sp.
(ELE Vie tie lk)

Body elongate, pilose; the head with the downwardly directed
apical part dark brown; the disc and very large eyes black; the
posterior cervical region brownish yellow; the ocelli yellow or
castaneous; the pronotum and pectoral regions shining; the pro-
notum, the scutellum, the basal part and costal regions of the coria,
the pectoral regions, the abdomen and legs golden to reddish yellow ;
the antennae (often with the first joints blackish brown), the rostrum,

104 Annals of the South African Museum.

the central triangular disc and lateral margins of the scutellum, and
the metastethium brownish yellow; the apex of the third and the
base of the fourth antennal joints, the articulations of the femora
and tibiae, the apices of the tibiae and.tarsi, and the claws deeper,
reddish yellow ; the connexivum and the basal half of the abdomen
above ochraceous; the apical half of the abdomen and (sometimes)
irregular patches on the lateral regions of the abdomen beneath
(especially towards the apex) piceous; the membrane infuscated,
with a purplish tinge, with the basal margins near the apex of the
corium whitish (much of the dark colour is due to the dark colour of
the apical half of the abdomen shining through); alae opalescent
hyaline; posterior part of pronotum, scutellum and coria feebly
punctate.

The head with a medial transverse impression, with the posterior
part globular and elevated and about as large as one of the eyes,
darkly pilose between the eyes and ocelli; eyes nearly contiguous
on the under surface ; antenniferous tubercles prominent ; antennae
slender, pilose, with the first joint incrassate and just reaching the
cephalic apex, the second thinner, twice or more than twice as long
as the first, with the third shorter and the fourth a little longer than
the first ; rostrum thick, with the second joint longer than the first ;
pronotum constricted before the middle, with a longitudinal sulcation
extending to near the base, with the anterior part in the form of two
convex and globular areas, with the anterior margin slightly sinuate,
the anterior angles rounded, the lateral margins sinuate, with the
posterior margin of the posterior lobe convex to the scutellum, and
the posterior lateral angles not prominent, rounded; scutellum
triangular, with its central triangular part slightly raised and ridged
laterally, with its sides pilose ; coria with the costal margins slightly
sinuate, with the veins and the costal region pilose, with their apices
extending to near the apex of the abdomen; membrane extending
beyond the abdomen; abdomen with a medial carina below; two
anterior pairs of femora slightly incrassate ; posterior tibiae longer
than the femora; anterior tibiae slightly dilated apically, with short
oval spongy fossae ; tarsi three-jointed, the apical joint the longest.

Length, 95-11 mm., average 10 mm.

Breadth, 2-5-3 mm.

Hab.—Great Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J.Brown), Asab, Gibeon

(J. Brown).
Damaraland—Usakos (M. Exp.).
Bushmanland and Cape Province—Prince Albert.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 105

R. obscuricollis Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 318 (Holotrichius).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 111, p. 140 (Opsicoetus).
1892. Reuter in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xix, No. 15, p. 19.

Hab.—Damaraland—Swakop R. (after Stal).

R. rasvpodus vn. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. V, fig. 2.)

_ Body, antennae, and legs pilose; the head, the rostrum, the first
joints of the antennae, the pronotum, the basal part of the scutellum,
the basal part of the suture between the clavus and the corium, two
spots near the middle and inner apical part of the corium, and the
lateral pectoral regions brown to testaceous; the second, third, and
fourth joints of the antennae, the extreme posterior margin of the
pronotum, including the posterior lateral angles, the apical part and
spine of the scutellum, the basal part of the clavus, the narrow costal
margins of the coria, the superior surfaces of the legs, the articulations
between the trochanters and femora and femora and tibiae, the apices
of the tibiae, the apices and the claws of the tarsi, the sternum and the
coxae of all the legs lighter, reddish or brownish yellow ; the corium,
membrane and the acetabula below brownish or yellowish white ;
the abdomen and the connexivum ochraceous; the large eyes, the
interocular space, the ocelli, and an obscure lateral abdominal fascia
(especially towards the apex) piceous; the apex of the abdomen
brownish yellow. ,

The head elongated, with the anteocular part prominent and nearly
as thick as the postocular part, with a prominent raised sulcated
tubercle between and projecting beyond the antenniferous tubercles,
transversely sulcated behind the eyes; antennae with the first in-
crassate joint reaching the apex of the head, with the second about
twice as long as the first, and the rest tapering, slender, about as
long as the first and second together ; rostrum with the second joint
about twice as long as the first; pronotum longer than the head,
constricted before the middle, with a medial anterior sulcation
extending beyond the transverse constriction into a broad depression ;
anterior pronotal lobe prominent, in the form of two convex areas,
with the anterior margin slightly sinuate and the anterior lateral
angles tubercularly prominent; posterior lobe rugulose, pilose

106 Annals of the South African Museum.

laterally, with the posterior angles rounded ; scutellum slightly raised,
with its central triangular rugulose area ridged laterally, carinate
apically, with the apex in the form of an upwardly directed spine ;
hemelytra with the costal margins slightly sinuate, with the clavus,
the contiguous corial cell, and the cell external to this clear or mem-
branous, with the costal veins pilose; corium with the apex not
reaching the apex of the abdomen; membrane large, extending
beyond the abdomen ; prosternum sulcated ; meso- and metastethia
transversely rugulose; metasternum medially carinate; abdomen
with a medial carina, with the under surface and apex pilose; legs
pilose ; anterior femora slightly incrassate, with a row of dense short
spines beneath; intermediate femora finely spinose beneath; two
pairs of anterior tibiae with spongy fossae, densely spinose below ;
anterior spongy fossa about 4 the length of the tibia ; tarsi with the
apical joint the longest.

Length of g about 17 mm.

Breadth of ¢ acr. pron. 3-5 mm.

Breadth of ¢ acr. abd. 4 mm.

Hab.—S8.-W. Africa (coll. Dr. Knobel).

R. tarsatus Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 131.
1892. Reuter in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xix, No. 15, p. 10.

Hab.—Damaraland—Gobabis (Dr. Knobel), Otjiwarongo (M. Exp.),
Okahandja (Dinter), Otjosondu (Casper), Tsumeb (M. Exp.
and Kéchig), Waterberg (Kolbitz), Windhuk (M. Exp.,
Techow), Windhuk-Okahandja (Faupel).

Gen. HoLotrricuius Burm.

1835. Burmeister, Handb., u1, p. 247.

1861. Fieber, Hurop. Hem., pp. 42 and 156.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iti, p. 123.

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 66 and 77.

1892. Reuter, Monogr. in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xix, No. 15, p. 3.

Oreada Mulsant et Mayet, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon., p. 292, 1868.
, Mulsant et Rey, Pun. de Fr. Reduv., p. 49, 1893.
2 Lochus, Douglas and Scott, Ent. Month. Mag., v, p. 138.

Type.—H. tenebrosus Burm.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 107

H. farinator Reut.
1892. Reuter, Monogr. Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xix, No. 15, p. 17, pl. i,
fig. 10. .
Hab.—‘‘ Damaraland.”

Gen. Epocta Stal.

1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xvi, p. 189.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 65 and 76.
Type.—#. bisbisignata Stal.

E. bishisignata Stal. S.A.M.

1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., xvi, p. 189.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 129 (Acanthaspis).

Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. 8. Brown).
Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Kambele Falls, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

E.. schultzec Schum.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvi, p. 79.

Hab.—Namaqualand—Kubub-Aar (Schultze).
Damaraland— Windhuk (Schultze).

E. lambata Horv. S.A.M.

1914. Horvath, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., xu, p. 111.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjiwarongo (J. Brown), Windhuk (after
Horvath). )

E. vittipennis Stal. S.A.M.

1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 189 (Acanthaspis).

Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Damaraland—Gamis, Otjikoto-Dinab (M. Exp.), Otjiwarongo
(J. Brown). }
Ovamboland—Kambele Falls, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

E. quadrimaculata Reut.
1881. Reuter, ad Cognit. Reduv. mund. antiqui, p. 62 in Act. Soc.
Sc. Fenn., xu.
Hab.—Namaqualand ?—(‘“‘ Namaquas,”’ after Reuter).

108

1914.

1855.
1865.
1892.
1896.

LSO9:
1909.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. TRICHEDOCLA Jeannel.
Jeannel, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 176.
Type.—T. prlosula Dist.

T. quadrisignata Stal. S.A.M.

Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 39.
Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 130 (Acanthaspis).
Acanthaspis reutert Horvath, Termész. Fiizet., xv, p. 265.
Edocla quadrisignata Lethierry and Severin, Cat. Hem. Heter.,
in, p. 102.
Acanthaspis reutercanus Kirkaldy, Canad. Ent., xl, p. 388.
ws - Schouteden, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg.,
lini, p. 422.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.), Otjiwarongo (J. Brown).

1843.
1865.
1874.

Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

Gen. ACANTHASPIS Am. et Serv.
Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 336.

Stal, Hem. Afr., in, pp. 122 and 126.
Stal, Enum., iv, p. 65.

Platymeris (part) Burmeister, Handb., 11, p. 233, 1835.
Tetroxia Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 334, 1843.
Mardania Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 189, 1859.
Sub-gen. Plynus Stal, Enum., iv, p. 71, 1874.

1855.
1865.

Type.—A. flavorarza Hahn.

A. (Tetroxia) obscura Stal.

Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 39.
Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 130.

Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Casper).

1853.
1865.
1874.

Gen. PHONERGATES Stal.

Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 261.
Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, pp. 122 and 137.
Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 65 and 70.

Sub-gen. Clopophora Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 261, 1853.

29

3 Stal, Enum., iv, p. 70, 1874.
Type.—P. bicoloripes Stal.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 109

P. (Clopophora) basilicus Stal. S.A.M.
1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 40 (Clopophora).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 137.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).

P. concoloripes Reut.
1881. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 54.
Hab.—Damaraland (Reut.).

Gen. PLATYMERIS L. de Castelnau.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai, p. 80.

1835. Burmeister (pro parte), Handb., i1, pp. 221 and 223.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, pp. 121 and 123.

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 65 and 70.

Platymerus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 333, 1843.
Psyttala Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 187, 1859.
Sub-gen. Psytiala Stal, Enum., iv, p. 70, 1874.

Type.—P. biguttata Linn.

P. guttatopennis Stat.
1859. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 188.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 125.

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk - Waterberg (Kolbitz), Saiem
(Schultze).

P. rhadamanthus Gerst. S.A.M.
1873. Gerstaecker, Decken’s Reisen, 11, 2, p. 419, pl. xvu, fig. 8.
1878. Distant, syn. P. confusa, Ent. Month. Mag., xv, p. 100.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otavi (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 6. Piratinae Stal.

Gen. Ectomocoris Mayr.
1865. Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xv, p. 438.
1866. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 251.
1872. Stal, abed., p. 46.
Eumerus Klug, Symb., ui, 1830.
Ly Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 56 and 61, 1874.

110 Annals of the South African Museum.

Pewrates Serville, Ann. Sc. Nat., xxii, p. 215, 1831.
Pirates Burmeister (pro parte), Handb., ii, p. 239, 1835.
, tal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 116, 1865.
Rasahus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 325, 1843.
Macrosandalus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 251, 1866
Sphodrocoris Stal, ibid.
Sub-gen. Callisphodrus Stal, abid.
MS He Stal, Hnum., iv, p. 62, 1874.

Type.—£. quadriguttatus Fabr.

E. (Eumerus) dichrous Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 116 (Pzrates).
Hab.—S.-W. Africa (Liibbert).

EH. (Eumerus) flavipenmis Reut.

1881. Reuter, ad. Cognit. Reduv., etc., in Act. Soc. Se. Fenn., xn,
p. 47.

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Techow).

E. quadrimaculatus Serv. S.A.M.

1831. Serville, Ann. Sc. Nat., xi, p. 217 (Pevrates).

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 324.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 111, p. 118 (Porates).

triguitatus Krichson, Prei v., p. 11, 1842; Stett. Ent. Zeit., xx,
p. 85, 1859 (Pezrates).

trifenestratus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 38, 1855 (Purates).

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

E. quadrimaculatus var. macroquadrimaculatus nov. S.A.M.

Large, black and blackly pilose; two large oblong spots on the
hemelytra (one medially and obliquely on the corium and bordering
on the clavus, the other subtransversely at the base of the membrane)
ochraceous; the apical two-thirds of the clavus, a narrow area sur-
rounding the costal and basal sides of the anterior ochraceous spot,
the intervening space between the two ochraceous spots, a narrow
fascia traversing the posterior spot and the basal part of the membrane
beyond velvety black; the apex of the membrane lighter; a medial
line on the rostrum, the apex of the rostrum, the tarsi, especially the

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 111

hairs and the claws, testaceous ; the spongy fossae on the anterior and
intermediate tibiae dilute orange.

Length of g to apex of membrane 19-20 mm.

Breadth of ¢ about 5—5:5 mm.

This variety differs essentially from E#. quadrimaculatus Serv. by
its larger size, the larger spots on the hemelytra, the yellow colour of
the spots and the black narrow fascia traversing the posterior spot.

Hab.—Damaraland—Gobabis (Dr. Knobel); also

Smithfield, O.F.S. (coll. Kannemeyer).

Gen. PIRATES Serv.

1831. Serville, Ann. Sc. Nat., xxu, p. 215.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai, pp. 6, 9, and 78.

1835. Burmeister (part), Handb., u, pp. 222 and 239.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 324.

1866. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 250.

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 56.

Sub-gen. Fusvus Stal, Stett. Ent. Zeit., xxii, p. 458, 1862.

Sub-gen. Microsandalus, Brachysandalus, Cleptocoris Stal, Oefv. Vet.
Ak. Forh., pp. 250 and 251, 1866.

Sub-gen. Spilodermus Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 122, 1868.

Lestomerus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 322, 1843.

Type.—P. hybridus Scop.

P. (Cleptocoris) lugubris Stal.
1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 318.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 118.
1881. Reuter in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 43.
1910. Schouteden, Sjéstedt’s Kilim.-Meru. Exp., xu, p. 147.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein-Namutoni (Seewald).

Sub-fam. 7. Eetrichodiinae Stal.

Gen. Eorricuop1a Lepel. et Serv.

1825. Lepelletier et Serville (pro parte), Encycl., x, p. 279.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 105.

Physorrhynchus Amyot et Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hem., p. 342,
= 1843.

Loricerus Hahn, Wanz. Ins., 1, pl. v, fig. 20, 1831.

Type.—#. crux Thb.

2. Annals of the South African Museum.

E. crux Thb. S.A.M.

1783. Thunberg, Nov. Ins. sp., 11, p. 35.
1788. Gmelin, Syst. Nat., I, iv, p. 2145 (Comez).
1822. Thunberg, Hem. Rostr., cap. in, p. 5 (Reduvius).
1831. Hahn, Wanz. Ins., i, p. 30, fig. 20 (Loricerus).
1835. Burmeister, Handb., 11, p. 238 (Hetrichotes).
1840. Blanchard, Hist. Ins., i, p. 105.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 106.
cruciatus Lepelletier et Serville, Encycl., x, p. 279, 1825 (Reduvius).
Hab.—Damaraland—Gobabis (Dr. Knobel), N.-E. Damaraland
(Eriksson).
Ovamboland (Eriksson).
Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Liibbert). —

Gen. GLYMMATOPHORA Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., x, p. 261.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 50.
1914. Horvath, Ann. Mus. Hung., xu, p. 127.

Type.—G. submetallica Stal.

G. erythrodera Schaum. S.A.M.

1853. Schaum, Ber. Ak. Berl., p. 358.
1862. Schaum, Peters’ Reis. Moss. Ins., p. 46.
signoreti Bolivar, Ann. Sos., esp. Hist. Nat., viii, p. 143, 1879.

nigrvpes Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 34, 1881.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.), Tsumeb (Kochig).

G. eques Bredd. S.A.M.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvi, p. 75.
Hab.—Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Liibbert).
Damaraland—Grootfontein (M. Exp.), Otjosonda (Casper),
Tsumeb (Kéchig).
Ovamboland (Eriksson).

G. natalensis Stal.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 40 (Physorrhynchus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 107 (Ketrichodia).
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 50.

ee

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 113

G. natalensis n. var. femoralis Schum.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 75.
Hab.—Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Lindt).

G. schoutedent Horv. S.A.M.
1914. Horvath, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., xu, p. 129.

splendens Schouteden, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 1, p. 24, 1906 (nec
Distant).
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Miss Wilman).

G. submetallica Stal.
1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 39.

Hab.—Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Liibbert).
Damaraland—Okahandja (Peters), Outjo (Langheld), Wind-
huk (Techow).

G. venustiterga n. sp. S.A.M.
(PE Vertes 3.)

Apterous 9; the head, the antennae, the posterior lateral margins
of the pronotum, the rostrum, the prostethium, the meso- and meta-
stethia, the prosternum, the meso- and metasterna, the acetabula and
the coxae testaceous; the bases of the first antennal joints, the pro-
notum, the femora and the tibiae red; the trochanters, the bases of
the femora and the tarsi pale yellowish red ; the eyes, the scutellum
and metanotum black; the abdomen above with a bluish-green
metallic lustre ; the abdomen beneath dark testaceous with a bluish
lustre.

The head about as long as the pronotum, more or less globular at
the ocular region, smooth and shining, with the interocular space
broad and posterior part below the eyes slightly convexly rounded ;
ocelli absent ; antennae pilose, with the first joint slightly incrassate,
shorter than the head, extending beyond the apex, second joint
about 4 longer than the first, the third about 4 shorter than the first,
and the fourth a little more than half as long as the third; rostrum
with the first and second joints subequal, with the second dilated
and the third short; pronotum trapezoidal, shining, constricted

beyond the middle; the anterior part slightly narrower than the
Ol, SOL, Aree IL, 8

114 Annals of the South African Museum.

posterior part, convex, with slightly convex carinate lateral margins,
with the anterior margin feebly sinuate, with a faint medial sulcation,
abbreviated anteriorly, prominent posteriorly, ending in a darkly
coloured depression on the transverse constriction; posterior lobe
slightly convex to scutellum, slightly foveate on each side, transversely
rugulose laterally near the posterior angles; scutellum small, with
a central depression, with two lateral papillae (representing the
mucrones) ; abdomen with the two first dorsal sutures crenulate, the
third, fourth, fifth, and sixth slightly crenulate, with intramarginal
crenulated sutures, shining below, the sutures crenulate and the
lateral regions rugulose; connexivum with the upwardly reflected
surfaces vermicelliformly rugulose; prosternum sulcated; meta-
stethium obliquely and mesosternum transversely rugulose ; anterior
- coxae without tubercles posteriorly ; anterior femora incrassate ;
anterior and intermediate tibiae with spongy fossae.

Length about 12 mm.

Breadth acr. pron. 2 mm.

Breadth acr. abd. 4 mm.

Hab.—N.-E. Damaraland (Eriksson).

Gen. CLEPTRIA Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 261.
1859. Stal. cbed., pp. 176 and 182.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, pp. 101 and 109.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 46 and 53.

Type.—C. lumbata Thb.

C. erotica Bredd.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 77.

Hab.—Damaraland— Windhuk (Techow).
Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Minner).

C. oculata Stal. S.A.M.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 109.
1881. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 37.

Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Damaraland—Gobabis (Dr. Knobel), Sandfontein (Miss
Willman).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 115
Sub-fam. 8. Harpactorinae Am. et Serv.

Div. 1. RHAPHIDOSOMARIA (after Distant).

TrinE 1. RHAPHIDOSOMINI Jeannel.

Gen. RHAPHIDOSOMA Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 392.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, pp. 54 and 97.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 14 and 42.

Limnobates Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 122, 1837 (nec Burmeister).

Type.—R. major. Germ. (R. Burmeister, Am. et Serv.).

R. ambulator Stal. S.A.M.
1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 45.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 98.

carinatum Stal, ubed., p. 45 (Q).
Hab.—Damaraland—Sandfontein (S. Gillman), Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

R. carcumvagans Stal. S.A.M.
1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 45.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 98.

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas, Otjituo, Tsumeb (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Nomtele (M. Exp.).

R. linea Reut.

1881. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 29.
Hab.—Ovamboland (after Reuter).

R. pallida Reut.
1881. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 30.
Hab.—Damaraland (after Reuter).

Gen. LopopytEs Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 263.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, pp. 54 and 97.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 14 and 42.

Type.—L. grassator Stal.

116

if

Annals of the South African Museum.

L. grassator Stal. S.A.M.

855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 45.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 97.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Nomtele (M. Exp.).

L. spuniger Reut.

1881. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 28.
Hab.—Ovamboland (after Reuter).

Div. 2. HARPACTORARIA (after Distant); or

Trise 2. HARPACTORINI Jeannel.

Gen. Harpactor L. de Castelnau.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Essai Cl. Svst. Hem., p. 8.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 364.
1861. Fieber, Kur. Hem., pp. 42 and 152.

Reduvius Fabricius (part), Syst. Ent., p. 729, 1775.

29

Sub-gen.

Sub-gen.
Sub-gen.

Sub-gen.
Sub-gen.

Sub-gen.
Sub-gen.

Fabr., Syst. Rhyng., p. 266, 1803.

Stal) Hem. Afr. ii, p. 75, 1865:

Zostus, Hypertolmus, Diphymus, Chirillus, Lamphrius,
Harpiscus Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 37-39, 1874.

Oncanchenius Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 6, p. 46, 1872.

Rhimicorts Kolenati, Bul. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mos., xxix,
p. 460, 1856.

Rhynocoris Hahn, Wanz. Ins., 11, p. 20, 1834.

Dinocleptes, Agriocloprus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh.,
pp. 284 and 285, 1866.

Aprepolestes Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, pe li sos:

Coramdens Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 296, 1881.

Type.—H. wracundus Poda.

H. otjumbumbensis nu. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. V, fig. 4.)

The head, the pronotum, the corium, the prostethium, the lateral
parts of the pectoral region, the sternum, the medial part, the lateral
margins and the apex of the abdomen and the legs pilose; the head,
the eyes, the bases of the first antennal joints, the second, third, and

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 117

fourth antennal joints, the apex of the rostrum, a narrow fascia
behind each eye, the anterior lobe of the pronotum, two broad curved
longitudinal fasciae on the posterior pronotal lobe, the scutellum, a
transverse fascia or spots across the prostethium above the anterior
coxae, the meso- and metastethia, the anterior parts of the meso-
and metasterna, the superior surfaces of the two posterior coxae, a
triangular spot on the marginal and basal part of each segment on
the connexivum, a longitudinal fascia laterally on each side of the
abdomen beneath, four or five oblong transverse fasciae on the
ventral abdominal segments on each side of the medial line, a spot
on each side of the genital segment (also the extreme apex in Q), the
apices of the femora, the bases and apices of the tibiae and the tarsi
black; the first joints of the antennae, the second rostral joint, the
ocelli, the medial area on the posterior pronotal lobe, the hemelytra,
the femora and tibiae reddish brown or sienna brown; a medial spot
between the ocelli, one on each side behind the eyes on the under
surface, the anterior pronotal angles, an obscure narrow marginal
fascia on each side of the anterior pronotal lobe, the broad medial
fascia and the apex of the scutellum, the basal parts of the coria and
the fasciae to the acetabula yellowish or eburneous; two curved
fasciae on the anterior pronotal lobe, the lateral margins, the posterior
lateral angles, and an obscure spot to the posterior margin of the
posterior pronotal lobe, the under surface of the head, the first joint
of the rostrum, the prostethium, the prosternum, the coxae, the tro-
chanters, the basal under surfaces of the anterior femora and the
apical segment of the g yellow ; the medial part of the mesosternum,
the metasternum, the abdomen beneath and the connexivum dull
ochraceous.

The head about as long as the pronotum, with the anteocular region
shorter than the postocular, transversely impressed behind the eyes,
with the interocular and postocular parts slightly raised, shining ;
antenniferous tubercles prominent; antennae with the first joint
longer than the head, with the second and third equal, about half as
long as the first, and the fourth very slightly longer than the first ;
rostrum long, with the first joint about as long as the anteocular
part of the head, and the second longer than the first; pronotum
with the transverse constriction antemedial, with the anterior lobe
medially sulcated and slightly transversely grooved, with a distinct
tubercle on each side, with the anterior margin sinuate and the anterior
lateral angles tubercularly prominent, with the posterior lobe rugulose,
distinctly foveate laterally near the prominent and rounded posterior

118 Annals of the South African Museum.

lateral angles ; scutellum triangular, centrally foveate, with the apex
spatulately dilated ; corium rugulose, pilose along its veins, the apical
margin sinuate and the vein deliminating the membrane thick ;
membrane rugulose, extending beyond the abdomen; prosternum
sulcated; a Y-shaped carina; on mesosternum and between the
intermediate coxae; abdomen slightly truncated; anterior femora
slightly incrassate ; anterior tibiae longer than femora and trochanters
together; anterior tarsi longer than posterior ones, with the basal
joint the shortest.

Length of g 124 mm., 2 12-6 mm.

Breadth of ¢ acr. pron. 3 mm., 9 3-5 mm.

Breadth of $ acr. abd. 3-6 mm., 2 4 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Onoolonga, Otjimbumbe, Kunene Rk.

(M. Exp.).
H. pilvpectus n. sp. S.A.M.
(BIDW, fig 255)

The body and legs pilose; the head above, the pronotum, the
medial longitudinal slightly carinate region of the scutellum, the coria,
the posterior basal part of the prostethium, the meso- and meta-
stethia and the lateral parts of the abdomen beneath covered with a
yellowish-white pubescence ; a medial posterior spot on the anterior
pronotal lobe, the lateral margins of the posterior pronotal lobe, the
anterior parts of the prostethium, an oblique fascia extending from
the posterior lateral angles across the prostethium to its anterior
region, some parts of the meso- and metastethia, the meso- and meta-
sterna, and the coxae with a dense snow-white pubescence ; the first
antennal joints, the bases of the second, the anterior lateral parts of
the head, the upper surface and under surface and a posterior post-
ocular fascia on the head, the first rostral joint, the lateral parts of the
second joint, the apices of the anterior pronotal angles, the lateral
carinate margins and the partially smooth tubercular elevations on
the anterior pronotal lobe, the posterior lateral angles of the posterior
pronotal lobe, the medial longitudinal carina and apex of the scutellum,
the prostethium, the prosternal sulcation, the acetabula, the Y-shaped
carina on the mesosternum, the posterior part of the metasternum,
the abdomen beneath, the connexivum, the under surfaces of the
femora, the tibiae and the tarsi yellowish white (the anterior pronotal
tubercles and the obscure subbasal annulation to the tibiae lighter
in colour); the bases and apices of the first antennal joints, the
apices of the second, a fascia on the anterior lateral region, a fascia on

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 119

each side of the head dorsally, the eyes, a broad lateral fascia on each
side behind the eyes, a medial line on the rostrum, the apex of the
rostrum, the medial pronotal sulcation, the apices of the two posterior
tubercles on the anterior lobe, the intermarginal anterior and lateral
margins of the anterior lobe, the scutellum, the clavus and the con-
tiguous part of the corium, the membrane, a longitudinal fascia on
the upper part of the prostethium, the anterior margins of the meso-
and metastethia, two spots on each side of the prosternal sulcation,
the mesosternum, an anterior narrow margin on the metasternum,
an obscure lateral fascia. on each side of the abdomen, the spots on
the connexivum occupying the basal parts of the segments, the
inferior surfaces of the coxae, the posterior surfaces of the trochanters
and the femora, the bases and apices of the tibiae and the tarsi dark
brown to black ; the posterior pronotal lobe, the coria, the meso- and
metastethia yellowish brown.

The head slightly shorter than the pronotum, with the anteocular
part shorter than the postocular part ; antennae with the first joint
longer than the head and extending beyond the apex, with the second
much shorter, with the third about one and a half times as long as
the second and the fourth about as long as the second ; rostrum with
the first joint about as long as the anteocular part and the second
considerably longer; pronotum constricted medially, with the
anterior lobe medially sulcated and the surface raised into four
tubercular elevations, the posterior pair being more prominent, with
the anterior angles prominently tubercular and the lateral margins
slightly carinate, with the posterior lobe slightly foveate near the
rounded posterior lateral angles; scutellum triangular, foveate
basally and laterally, with the apex slightly directed upwards ;
membrane extending beyond the abdomen; connexivum reflected
upwards; anterior tibiae about as long as the femora; posterior
tibiae longer than the femora.

Length of g 10-105 mm.

Breadth of § acr. pron. 3 mm.

Breadth of ¢ acr. abd. about 3 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Kunene R., Nomtele (M. Exp.); also

Cape Colony—Cape Town.

H. (Harpiscus) rapax Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 41 (Harpactor).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 87 (Reduvius).

120 Annals of the South African Museum.

1874, Stal, Enum., iv, p. 39 (Harpiscus).

segmentarius Signoret, Thomson, Arch. Ent., 11, p. 321, 1858.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

H. (Diphymus) segmentarvus Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 125.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 79 (Reduvius).
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 38 (Diphymus).
1910. Schouteden, Sjéstedt’s Kilim.-Meru. Exp., xu, p. 148 (Rhino-
Corts).
Hab.—Damaraland—N.-E. Damaraland (Eriksson), Waterberg (M.
Exp.).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).
Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Liibbert).

H. (Chirillus) violentus Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 126.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 82 (Reduvius).

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 38.

1881. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 24 (Charillus).
discwentris Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., vii, p. 86, fig. 856, 1848.
natalensis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 42, 1855.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. SPHEDANOLESTES Stal.

1866. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., pp. 284 and 288.

1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 111.

Sphydrinus Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 13 and 35, 1874.

Harpactor (part) Puton, Cat., p. 39, 1886.

Sub-gen. Sphactes, Lissonyctus, Aulacosphodrus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak.
Forh., pp. 687, 688, and 690, 1870.

Sub-gen. Graptosphodrus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 284, 1866.

Sub-gen. Haemactus Stal, Enum., iv, p. 34, 1874.

Type.—S. wmpressicollis Stal.

S. nanus Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 43 (Harpactor).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 90 (Reduvius).
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 33.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 121

(Div. 3. VELINARIA of Distant.)

Gen. COSMOLESTES Stal.

1866. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 285.
1872. Stal, 2bed., p. 45.

1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 111.

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 22.

Type.—C. pictus Klug.

C. pictus Klug. S.A.M.

1830. Klug, Symb., i, pl. xix, fig. 12.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 92 (Reduvius).

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 32.

1912. Schouteden, Sjéstedt’s Kilim.-Meru. Exp., xii, p. 150.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Ondongua, Otjimbumbe, Kunene R.
(M. Exp.).

Gen. PANTOLEISTES Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 262.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, pp. 52 and 73.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 11 and 30.

Type.—P. princeps Stal.

P. princeps Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 41.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 73.
1881. Reuter, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xu, p. 20.

Hab.—Damaraland— Waterberg (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland (by Eriksson).
Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Liibbert).

(Drv. 4. CORANUSARIA of Distant.)

Gen. CoRANUS Curtis.

1833. Curtis, Brit. Ent., x.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iti, pp. 49 and 93.

122 Annals of the South African Museum.

NN =

1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 8.

Colliocoris Hahn, Wanz. Ins., 11, p. 23.
a Fieber, Kur. Hem., pp. 42 and 154, 1861.

Type.—C. subapterus de Geer.

OC. carbonarius Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 42 (Harpactor).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 94.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, p. 19.

Hab.—Damaraland— Waterberg (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

C. mucidus Schum.
1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 74.
Hab.—Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Liibbert).

C. parviceps Bredd.
1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 74.
Hab.—Damaraland—Swakop R. near Otjimbingwe (Schultze).

Gen. VITUMNUS Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, pp. 53 and 68.
1874. Stal, Enum., iv, pp. 8 and 18.

Type.—V. scenicus Stal.

V. scenicus Stal. S.A.M.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 69.

V. scenicus var. miniatus Stal.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 41.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iui, p. 70.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Div. 5. POLIDIDUSARIA Dist.

* [TGoRA n. gen.

Body narrow, elongated ; head cylindrical, elongated, transversely :
depressed behind the eyes, with a prominent spine on each side behind .

* Kaffir for a “* warrior.”’

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 123

the antennal insertions, with the apex and upper surface tubercularly
granular (tubercles carrying short bristle-like spines), with the under
surface armed with slender spines ; eyes comparatively small, lateral ;
ocelli small, widely separated ; antennae inserted near apex of head,
with the first joints long and slender, longer than the head and pro-
notum together, spinose, with the second joints long and slender ;
rostrum with the first joint slightly incrassate, extending to about
the middle of the eyes, with the second slightly longer; pronotum
constricted before the middle, armed with spine-carrying tubercles,
with the posterior lateral angles prominently produced into tubercular
spines, with the posterior interangular space bitubercular, with the
posterior margin backwardly produced on each side of scutellum ;
scutellum triangular, basally and laterally foveate, medially carinate,
its apex horizontally produced into a spine; hemelytra narrower
than the abdomen, not reaching the apex (in 9) ; prosternum sulcated,
anteriorly prominent, margins armed with tubercular spines; meso-
and metasterna sparsely spinulose ; abdomen below medially feebly
carinate and laterally longitudinally grooved, with the ventral and
lateral surfaces sparsely spinulose, laterally grooved at the base of
the connexivum, with the apices of the sixth segment (2) ampliated ;
connexivum reflected upwards; anterior femora slightly incrassate,
strongly spinose above and below ; intermediate and posterior femora
slender, clavate apically, armed with tubercular spines on their upper
surfaces ; anterior tibiae slightly shorter than the femora, spinulose,
ampliated apically; intermediate tibiae as long as the femora,
spinulose ; posterior legs the longest ; tarsi three-jointed.

This genus is allied to Poledidus and Sclomina, also showing affinities
with Nagusta.

Type.—lI. repraesentatus n. sp.

I. repraesentatus n. sp. S.A.M.

(Pl. V, figs. 6 and 6a.)

Body reddish brown or ferruginous; the apex of the head, the
apices of the first antennal joints, the part of the third (represented
in the specimen), the ocelli, a medial, dorsal, postocular, narrow
fascia, a medial longitudinal and two obscure lateral fasciae on the
anterior pronotal lobe, four longitudinal fasciae and the margins of
the posteriorly produced processes on the posterior lobe, the medial
carina and the apex of the scutellum, the corium and its veins, two
broad longitudinal fasciae on the abdomen above, the basal part of

124 Annals of the South African Museum.

the prostethium, part of the meso- and metastethia, the acetabula,
the spots on the connexivum occupying the basal parts of the segments,
the lateral longitudinal ridge between the grooves on each side of the
abdomen, some obscure spots on the lateral region of the abdomen,
the medial carina, the apical margin of the sixth abdominal segment,
the apex, the apical parts on the coxae, the upper, the narrow lateral
and the under surfaces of the anterior femora, the under surfaces of
the posterior femora, the tibiae and tarsi lighter reddish brown; an
anterior anteocular spot, a broad fascia behind each eye, the subapical
annulation on the first antennal joints, the apices of the second joints,
an obscure medial line and the apex on the rostrum, the anterior
pronotal lobe, a medial fascia, the lateral margins and the posterior
part (including the posterior lateral angles) of the posterior lobe, the
lateral parts of the scutellum, the veins of the membrane, a lateral
dorsal groove on each side at the base of the connexivum, the anterior
margins of the meso- and metastethia, the lateral fasciae on the meso-
and metasterna, the spots on the connexivum occupying the apices
of the segments, the lateral basal parts of the abdomen, the lateral
parts of the sixth abdominal segment beneath, the lateral abdominal
grooves, the upper basal surfaces of the coxae, two lateral fasciae
(the lower broad and the upper narrow) on each side of the anterior
femora, the subapical annulations on all the femora, the medial
annulation and the apices of the tarsi black.

The head shorter than the pronotum, slightly longer than the latter
is broad, with the anteocular part shorter than the postocular part,
with the upper surface granular (owing to the presence of several
tubercles carrying spines on the anteocular region, four medial pairs
and three on each side of the head on the posterior part), with
about six clear slender spines on each side on the under surface ;
antennae with first joint slightly incrassate, clavate apically, spinose
basally, and armed with six major spines and several smaller ones on
its upper surface, about as long as the anterior femora and slightly
longer than the second unarmed joint; pronotum granular, with
four large pairs and five smaller pairs of tuberculate spines on each
half of the anterior lobe and with several prominent tubercles, with
the posterior lobe slightly quadricarinate, tubercular, the posterior
angles prominent, produced outwards and forwards, apically more
or less bituberculate; coria with the veins prominent, with the
apices extending to about the base, or slightly over, the fourth
dorsal segment; membrane extending to about the middle of the
fifth segment; abdomen with the sixth segment above slightly raised,

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 125

and the lateral abdominal parts above longitudinally grooved, sparsely
spinulose below; prostethium with two tubercles anteriorly below
the anterior pronotal angles, with a few spines behind the anterior
acetabula ; anterior trochanters spinose ventrally ; anterior femora
with more or less two rows of spines on the upper and lower surfaces
(those on the under surface are more powerful, with about six major
spines and several smaller ones in each row); intermediate and
posterior femora with two irregular rows of spines on their upper
surfaces (those near the apices being the longest) ; tibiae longitudinally
densely spinulose.

Length of 2 about 11 mm.

Breadth of 2 acr. pron. about 1-3 mm.

Breadth of 9 acr. abd. about 1:5 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Andoni (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 9. Nabidinae Stal.

Gen. Nasts Latr.

1807. Latreille (part), Gen., 11, p. 127.
1840. Spinola, Essai, p. 105.

1861. Fieber, Hur. Hem., pp. 43 and 159.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iti, p. 41.

1890. Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., ix, p. 293.

Coriscus Schrank, Faun. Boic., I, i, p. 46, 1801.
oo Soweull, IWraguyam.., mel, JO. LS Ws},
Reduviolus Kirby in Rich. Faun. Bor. Amer., iv, p. 279, 1902.
a Kirkaldy, Faun. Hawaiiensis, 11, p. 153, 1902.
Sub-gen. Nabicula Kirby, loc. cit.
Sub-gen. Hoplistocelis, Acanthonabis, cae Halonabis, Steno-
nabis Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., ix, p. 294, 1890.
Sub-gen. Stalia Reuter, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 6, p. 94, 1872.
Sub-gen. Aptus Hahn, Wanz. Ins., i, fig. 24, A-C, 1831.
Sub-gen. Aspilaspis Stal, Enum., iii, p. 114, 1878.
Type.—W. apterus Fabr.

N. (Reduviolus) capsiformis Germ. S.A.M.

1837. Germar in Silberm. Rev., v, p. 132.
1872. Reuter, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 6, p. 88, pl. viii, fig. 9.

angustus Spinola, Essai, p. 107, 1840.

126 Annals of the South African Museum.

longipennis Costa, Atti. Inst. Sc. Nat. Napol., p. 250, 1848.
Ls Fieber, Eur. Hem., p. 161, 1861.
caffra Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 39, 1855.
», Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 41, 1865.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Andoni, Ongandjera (M. Exp.).

N. eva Kirk.

1901. Kirkaldy, Wien. Ent. Zeit., xx, p. 219.
Hab.—Damaraland—de Vylder (sec Reuter).

Fam. CIMICIDAE Steph.

(=CLINOCORIDAE Kirk.)

Gen. Cimex Linn.

1758. Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10,1, p. 441.
1807. Latreille, Gen., i, p. 136.
1873. Stal, Enum., i, p. 103.
1903. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. u, p. 410.
1911. Horvath, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., ix, p. 17 syn.
Acanthia Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 112, 1803.
re Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 24, 1865.
Klinophilos Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 219, 1899.
Clinocorts Kirk., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxu, p. 147, 1906.
Jordan and Roths, Nov. Zool., pp. 93 and 352, 1912.

Type.—C. lectularius Linn.

99

C. lectularius Linn. | S.A.M.

1758. Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, p. 441.

1873. Stal, Enum., ii, p. 104.

1903. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. ii, p. 410.

lectularia Fieber, Kur. Hem., p. 135, 1861 (Acanthia).

lectularius Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 220, 1899 (Klinophilos).

Kirk., Drans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxxu, p. 14751906
(Clinocoris). |

Jordan and Roths, Nov. Zool., pp. 93 and 352, 1912
(Clinocorts).

Hab.—Deutsch-Stidwestafrika (after Liibbert).

Damaraland—Otjiwarongo (M. Exp.).

99

39

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 127

Fam. CAPSIDAE Stal.
(=MIRIDAE Dohrn.)

Sub-fam. 1. Mirinae Reut.

Div. 1. CAPSARIA Reut.

Gen. CREONTIADES Dist.

1883. Distant, Biol. Centr. Amer. Rhynch. Het., I, xxi, p. 237,
fig. 12.
1912. Poppius, Die Miriden. d. Aeth., reg. 1, in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn.,
xli, No. 3, p. 20.
Pantiliodes Noualhier, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 15, 1893.
Reuter, Hem. Gym. Eur., v, pp. 237 and 354, pl. u,
fig. 14, 1896.

Type.—C. rubrinervis Stal.

39

C. tellini Reut. S.A.M.
1904-5. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Foérh., xlvu, No. 10, p. 3
(Pantiliodes).

Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Mafa, Nomtele, Ondongua, Onoolonga, On-
gandjera (M. Exp.).

Gen. VOLUMNUS Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 19.

1904-5. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xlvu, No. 12, p. 11.

1912. Poppius, Die Miriden d. Aeth., reg. 1,1n Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn.,
xl, No. 3, p. 40.

Type.—V. stramaneolor Stal.

V. elongatus Popp. S.A.M.

1912. Poppius in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 42.
‘Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.), Windhuk (Seewald).

Gen. KEURYSTYLUS Stal.

1870. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 7, p. 671.
1910. Poppius, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Foérh., xlin, Afd. A, No. 4, p. 2.

128 Annals of the South African Museum.

1912. Poppius in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 49.
Eurycyrtus Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xxi, p. 33.
Reuter, Hem. Gym. Eur., v, p. 126, 1896.
~ Reuter, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., liv, p. 52, 1910.
Paracalocoris Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. i, p. 449 (part),
1903.
Olymprocapsus Kirkaldy, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 255, 1902.
Type.—E. costalis Stal.

99

E. bellevoyer Reut. S.A.M.
1896. Reuter, Hem. Gym. Eur., v, p. 127, pl. i, fig. 22.
1905. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xlvu, No. 10, p. 10.
1910. Reuter, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., liv, p. 50.
1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., No. 3, xli, p. 54.
lanarius Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. u, p. 450, 1903.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Damaraland—Nuragas, Windhuk (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Kambele Falls, Okualuthi, Ongandjera, Onoo-
longa (M. Exp.).

E. capensis Dist. S.A.M.

1904. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xii, p. 110 (Paracalocoris).
1910. Reuter, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., liv, p. 53 (Hurycrytus).

1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 51.

barretta Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xii, p. 199, 1910 (Paraca-

locoris).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Okovango R. (Eriksson).

Gen. CHaRITOcOoRIS Reut.

1904. Reuter, Ann. Mus. Zool. St. P’bourg., ix, p. 10.

1907. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Férh., xlx, No. 7, p. 7.
Type.—C. pallidus Reut.

C. rufoplagiatus Reut. S.A.M.

1904-5. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Foérh., xlvu, No. 21, p. 3.
1912. Poppius in Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 57.

var. .
Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 129

C. sanguineonotatus Reut. S.A.M.

1904. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Foérh., xlvu, No. 10, p. 7, 1905.

1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 58.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Andoni, Tamansu, Ongandjera, Ondongua,
Kambele Falls, and Otjimbumbe on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. Stenotus Jak.

1877. Jakowleff, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., p. 288.

1896. Reuter, Hem. Gym. Hur., v, pp. 122 and 351, pl. 1, fig. 20.
1907. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xlix, No. 7, p. 10.
1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xh, No. 3, p. 59.

Makua Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 282, 1902.

Umslopogas Kirk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 254, 1902.

Zulaimena Kirk., ibid., p. 256, 1902.

Koraciocapsus Kirk., abid., p. 260, 1902.

Tancredus Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. ii, p. 430, 1903.

Type.—S. binotatus Fabr.

S. affinis Popp. S.A M.
1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 69.
fasciaticollis Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xlix, No. 7, p. 11,

1907.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Tamansu, Namakunde (M. Exp.).

S. ngroquadristriatus Kirk. S.A.M.
1902. Kirkaldy, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 254, Die veettoa le: plenvae
figs. 7 and 25 (Umslopogas).
1904. Distant, Ann. M. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, xii, p. 196 (Megacoelum),
1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 72.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Uwuthiya (M. Exp.).

Gen. Lyaus Hahn.

1831. Hahn, Wanz. Ins.,1, p. 147.

1875. Reuter, Act. Soc. Faun. and Flor. Fenn., i, p. 61.
Lygocorts Reuter, Bih. Vet. Ak. Handb., III, i, p. 16, 1875.
Orthops Fieber, Wien. Ent. Monatsb., 1, p. 311, 1858.
Lygus Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 87, 1912.

Type.—L. lambatus Fall.
VOL. XXIII, PART l, 9

130 Annals of the South African Museum.

L. apicalis Fieb. il,
1861. Fieber, Hur. Hem., p. 275.
1878. B. White, Pr. Zool. Soc. Lond., pp. 463 and 467.
1896. Reuter, Hem. Gym. Eur., v, pp. 110 and 366, pl. v, fig. 1.
1907. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xlix, No. 7, p. 14.
1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 100.
putont Mey, Mitth. Schweitz. Ent. Ges., 11, p. 207.
osiris Kirkaldy, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 262, 1902.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Ongandjera (M. Exp.).

Gen. PROBOSCIDOCORIS Reut.

1882. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Férh., xxv, p. 30.
1904-5. Reuter, 2bzd., xlvii, No. 10, p. 15.
1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xl, No. 3, p. 135.

Charagochilus Reuter, Ent. Tidskr., p. 196, 1884.
e: Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xlvi, No. 10, p. 2.

Type.—P. fultginosus Reut.

P. punctaticollis Reut. S.A.M.

1905. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Férh., xlvu, No. 10, p. 16.
1906-7. Reuter, sbid., xlix, No. 7, p. 19.
1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xh, No. 3, p. 140.

Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Div. 2. MIRARIA Reut.

Gen. DoLICHOMIRIS Reut.

1882. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xxv, p. 29.

1892. Reuter, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., lxi, p. 392. |

1902. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., xliv, p. 158.

1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xl, No. 3, p. 159.

Hioneus Distant, Biol. Centr. Amer. Rhynch. Het., p. 416, 1883.
Type.—D. linearis Reut.

D. linearis Reut. S.A.M.

1882. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Férh., xxv, p. 29.
1902. Reuter, abid., xliv, p. 159.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 131

1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 159.

longula Noualhier, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 15, 1898.
tebialis Reuter, zbid., p. 392, 1892.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Nomtele, Ondongua, Ongandjera, Mafa, Otjim-
bumbe on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. TRIGONOTYLUS Fieb.

1858. Fieber, Wien. Ent. Monat., ii, p. 302.

1861. Fieber, Hur. Hem., pp. 66 and 243.

1894. Hieber, Syn. Deut. Blinw., i, pp. 33 and 54.
1909. Reuter, Nearkt. Caps., p. 5.

1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xli, No. 3, p. 161.

Sub-gen. Trigonotylus Reuter, Gen. Cimic. Eur., p. 9, 1875.
fe Reuter, Rev. Crit. Caps.,i, p. 79; 1, p. 6, 1875.
Ballements Reuter, Oefv. Svensk. Vet. Ak. Forh., No. 9, p. 60, 1875.

Type.—T. ruficornis Geofir.

T. brevipes Jak. S.A.M.

1880. Jakowleff, Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., xi, p. 63 (? 215).
1904. Reuter, Ann. Mus. Zool. St. P’bourg., ix, p. 5.
1909. Reuter, Nearkt. Caps., p. 6.

1912. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., xl, No. 3, p. 161.

ruficornis var. tenuis Reuter, Rev. d’Ent., p. 208, 1893.

pallidicornis Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. S66. Forh., xlu, p. 161, 1899.

tenuis Reuter, abid., xlix, No. 7, p. 1, 1907.

Hab. BD roland = Waterbers (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Ongandjera, Ukualonkathi (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 2. Heterotominae Reut.

Div. HETEROMARIA Reut.
Gen. ORTHOTYLUS Fieb.

1858. Fieber, Wien. Ent. Monat., 1, p. 315.
1875. Reuter, Gen. Cimic. Hur., p. 32.

1906. Kirkaldy, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxii, p. 127
1912. Oshanin, Kat. Palae. Hem., p. 73.

132 Annals of the South African Museum.

1916. van Duzee, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, vi, p. 87.

Pachylops Fieber, Wien. Ent. Monat., 11, p. 314, 1858.

x Fieber, Kur. Hem., p. 70, 1861. |
Litocoris Fieber, zbid., pp. 70, 287, 1861.
Intosoma Douglas and Scott, Brit. Hem., p. 334, 1865.

« Kirkaldy, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., xxxu, p. 127, 1906.
Melanotrichus Reuter, Gen. Cimic. Hur., p. 35, 1875.

Wi Kirk., Tr. Am. Ent. Soc., xxx, p. 127, 1906.

Halocapsus Puton, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., vii Bul., p. xxxii, 1878.

Type.—0O. nassutus Fabr.

O. tabescens Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 317 (Capsus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 22 (Hurymerocoris).

Hab.—Damaraland—" Terr. fluv. Swakop”’ (after Stal).

Sub-fam. 3. Phylinae Reut.

Gen. BRACHYCRANELLA Reut.
1905. Reuter, Oefv. Vet. Soc. Forh., xlvu, 12, p. 19.
1914. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., tom. xliv, 3, p. 107.
Type.—B. viridipunctata Stal.

B. viridipunctata Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 317 (Capsus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 23 (Hurymerocoris).
1914. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., tom. xliv, 3, p. 108.

Hab.—Damaraland—* Terr. fluvy. Swakop ” (after Sta)).

Gen. LEPTOSCcCANTHUS Reut.

1905. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Férh., xivii, 22, p. 7.
1914. Poppius, Act. Soc. Sc. Fenn., tom. xliv, 3, p. 108.

Type.—L. flaveolus Reut.

L. flaveolus Reut.

1905. Reuter, loc. cit., p. 8.
Hab.—Damaraland—* Swakop” {Wahlberg}.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 133

Fam. ANTHOCORIDAE Am. et Serv.

Sub-fam. Lyetocorinae Reut.

Gen. XyLocoris Duf.

1831. Dufour, Ann. Sc. Nat. Paris, xxu, p. 423.
1835. Burmeister, Handb., u1, p. 289.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 263.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 23.
1912. Reuter, Oefv. Finsk. Vet. Soc. Forh., liv, Afd. A, No. 7, p. 25.
Piezostethus Fieber, Wien. Ent. Monat., iv, p. 265, 1860.
ss Reuter, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xxvin, p. 410, 1871.
ms Reuter, Monogr. Anthoc., p. 29, 1884.
if Banks, Cat. Nearc. Hem., p. 24, 1910.
Prestostethus Marshall, Ent. Month. Mag., iv, p. 281, 1868.

Type.—X. rufipennis Duf.

X. afer Reut.

1884. Reuter, Monogr. Anthoc., pp. 31 and 38.
1886. Puton, Cat., p. 43.

Hab.—‘ Damaraland” (after Reuter).

Fam. PELOGONIDAE Stal.

Sub-fam. Pelogoninae

Gen. PELOGoNUS Latr.

1809. Latreille, Gen. Crust. Ins., iv, p. 384.
1835. Burmeister, Handb., IT, i, p. 202.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 170.

1900. Champion, Centr. Amer. Rhyn., ii, p. 344.

Ochthera Bergroth, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fran., p. Ixvi, 1890.
Ochtherus Latreille, 1, p. 142, 1807.

Type.—P. marginatus Latr.

P. marginatus Latr. S.A.M.

1804. Latreille, Hist. Ins., xn, p. 242 (Acanthia).
1807. Latreille, Gens. Ins., 11, p. 143 (Ochtherus).

134 Annals of the South African Museum.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 409 (Pelogonus).
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 170.
1897. Montandon, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., xxxvil, p. 365.

caffer Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 46, 1855.
indicus Guerin, Rev. Zool., p. 113, 1843.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Great Fish River, near Gibeon (M. Exp.).

Fam. NEPIDAE Stal.

Gen. LACCOTREPHES Stal.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 186.
1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., i, p. 134
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., in, p. 17.

Nepa von Ferrari, Ann. k. k. Nat. Hofm. Wien., iti, pp. 162 and
163, 1888.
Type.—L. fabrici Stal.

L. fabric Stal. S.A.M.

1868. Stal, Hem. Fabr., iui, p. 186.
1888. von Ferrari, Ann. k. k. Nat. Hofm. Wien., ii, p. 176 (Nepa).

grossus Stal, Hem. Afr., 11, p. 186, 1865.
grossa Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 107, 1803 (Nepa).
Olivier, Encycl. meth., viii, p. 189, 1811 (Nepa).
, Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 440, 1843 (Nepa).
Hab.—Namaqualand—Chamis (Moliére).
Damaraland— Windhuk (Techow), Otjosondu (Seiner), Groot-
fontein (Volkmann).
Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.), Ondongua (H. Anderson).

99

Fam. NAUCORIDAE Fieb.

Sub-fam. Laecocorinae Mont.

Gen. Laccocoris Stal.

1856. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 198.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 177.
1897. Montandon, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xlvii, p. 436.

Type.—L. spurcus Stal.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 135

L. luomigenus Stal. S.A.M.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 178.
1897. Montandon, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xlvii, p. 440.

Hab.—‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ”’ (after Tarvibach and Seewald).
Damaraland—Gibeon (M. Exp.), Great Fish River (M. Exp.),
““Swakop River” (coll. H. Pearson), Grootfontein (v. Erfia),
“ Kuisib region ”’ (after Stal).

Fam. BELOSTOMATIDAE Stal.

Gen. SPHAERODEMA L. de Castelnau.

1832. L. de Castelnau, Ess. Hem., p.18. _

1900. Montandon, Bull. Soc. Sc. Bucarest, ix, p. 264.
1903. Montandon, zb7d., xii, p. 120.

1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. iu, p. 35.

Diplonychus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 436, 1843.
a Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xxi, p. 435, 1871.
Appasus Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 436, 1843.
» Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xxi, p. 433, 1871.
Nervinops Dufour, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 398, 1863.

Type.—S. annulata Fabr.

S. neporides Fabr. S.A.M.

1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhynch., iu, p. 7.

1862. Schaum, Peters’ Reis. Moss. Ins., p. 50, pl. ui, fig. 10
(Appasus).

1863. Dufour, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 394 (Appasus).

natator Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 431, 1843 (Appasus).

? luridus Germar, Silberm. Rev., v, p. 121, 1837 (Deplonychus).

aegyptus Herr. Schaeffer, Wanz. Ins., viii, p. 26, fig. 800, 1848
(Diplonychus).

coenosus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 46, 1855 (Diplonychus).

» Dufour, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 394, 1863.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Nomtele, Ukualonkathi (M. Exp.).

Gen. BELostoma Latr.

1807. Latreille, Gen. Crust. et Ins., i, p. 144.
1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 427.

136 Annals of the South African Museum.

|
|
1851. Fieber, Gen. Hydroc., p. 21, t. 2D.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 182. |
1871. Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xxi, pp. 402 and 422.
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. ii, p. 37. |

Belostomum Burmeister, Handb., IT, i, p. 195, 1835. |
Amorgius Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 179, 1865.

Type.—B. indicum Lep. et Serv.

B. niloticum Stal. S.A.M.

1854. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 240, 3.

1861. Stal, zbed., p. 205, 2.

1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., iii, p. 183.

1871. Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xxi, p. 426.

patruele Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 240, 1854.

pruinosum Dufour, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 381, 1863.

bisprnulosum Dufour, abid., p. 381, 1863.

indicum Dufour, ibid., p. 384, 1863 (in part).

lutescens Dufour, abid., p. 384, 1863.

cordofanus Mayr, Verh. Zool. Bot., v, p. 17, 1852 (Lethocerus).

Hab.—‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika”’ (after Liibbert).
Damaraland—Grootfontein (v. Erfia), Swakopmund (Casper).
“ Damaraland” (coll. Eriksson).

Fam. NOTONECTIDAE Stal.

Sub-fam. Notonectinae Kirk. |

Gen. ANISopPs Spin.

1837. Spinola, Ess. Hem., p. 58. )
1851. Fieber, Rhynchotogr., p. 57. |
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., ii, p. 191.

1904. Kirkaldy, Wien. Ent. Zeit., xxii, p. 111.

Type.—A. sardea Herr. Schf. (=nivea Spin.).

A. perpulcher Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 89.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., i, p. 192.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 137

1904. Kirkaldy, Wien. Ent. Zeit., xxi, p. 119 (as syn. of A. varia
Fieb.).
Hab.—Namaqualand—Great Karasberg (Schultze), Chamis,
Berseba (Schultze). |
Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).

A. sardea Herr. Schf. S.A.M.

1852. Herr. Schaefier, Wanz. Ins., ix, p. 40, fig. 904.
1904. Kirkaldy, Wien. Ent. Zeit., xxii, p. 114, et syn.
nivea Spinola, Ess. Hem., p. 58, 1837.
productus Fieber, Rhynchotogr., p. 60, 1851.
Pe Staleitemeadr:. ai ps 1915 1865:
natalensis Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xu, p. 89, 1855.
nanula Walker, Zoologist, p. 2381, 1870 (Notonecia).
? alba Forskal, Descr. Anim. Orient., p. xxii, 1775 (Notonecta).
Hab.— Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ” (after Seiner).
Damaraland—* Kuisib region ”’ (after Stal).
Ovamboland—Onoolonga (M. Exp.).

Fam. CORIXIDAE Dohrn.
(=SIGARIDAE Stal.)

Gen. Cor1xa Geofir.

1762. Geoffroy, Hist. abrég. Ins., p. 477.
1835. Burmeister, Handb. Ent., p. 186.
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. in, p. 49.
Corisa Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 445, 1843.
Sigara Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 691, 1775.
Stal, Hem. Afr., iu, p. 193, 1865.
Type.—C. geoffroyt Leach.

99

C. hieroglyphica Duf. S.A.M.

1833. Dufour, Hem., p. 86, figs. 85-87.

1861. Fieber, Hur. Hem., p. 93.

1898. Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 3.

1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. i, p. 49.

1909. Kuhlgatz in Die Siisswasserfauna Deutschlands, vu, p. 92.

Hab.—Damaraland—Narebis (M. Exp.).

138 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. Microneota Kirk.
1897. Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 260.
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., vol. iu, p. 50.
Srgara Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iv, p. 59, 1794 (part).
, Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 104, 1803 (part).
», tal, Hem. Afr., in, p. 193, 1865.
Type.—M. minutissima Linn.

M. scuteliaris Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 319, 33.
1865. Stal, Hem. Afr., 1, p. 193.

Hab.—Damaraland—* Kuisib region” (after Stal), Grootfontein
(coll. Dr. Purcell).
Ovamboland—Kambele Falls on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Il. HOMOPTERA.

Fam. CICADIDAE Westwd.

‘Sub-fam. 1. Cicadinae Dist.

Div. POLYNEURARIA Dist.

Gen. Munza Dist.
1904. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xiv, p. 297.
1913. Distant, Gen. Ins., fase. cxxxv—cxlin, 142, p. 6.
Type.—WM. laticlavia Stal.

M. basimacula Walk.
1850. Walker, List Hom., vol. i, p. 10 (Platypleura).
1906. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 171, t. 17, fig. 3, a, b.
reducta Walker, List Hom., vol. i, p. 11, 1850 (Platypleura).
pygmoea Jacobi, Sjéostedt, Kilim.-Meru. Exp. Hom., t. 1, fig. 3, 1910.
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Rolle).

M. laticlavia Stal. S.A.M.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 320 (Platypleura).
1886. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 20 (Platypleura).
penicillata Walker, List Hom. Suppl., p. 2, 1858 (Platypleura).
peringueyt Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), vol. ix, p. 314, 1892
(Poecilopsaltria).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 139

Hab.—Namaqualand—Bethany (Schenck).
Damaraland—* Damaraland” (coll. Tatton), Otjiwarongo
(M. Exp., J. S. Brown), Okahandja (Dinter), Otjosondu
(Casper), Rehoboth (Scheben), Grootfontein (v. Erffa),
Omaheke (v. Trotha) and “ Terr. fluv. Swakop” (Stal),
Windhuk (M. Exp.).

M. laticlavia Stal var. lébberta Schum.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 84. .
Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein (v. Erfia), Otjosondu (Casper).

M. laticlava Stal var. semitransparens Schum.
1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 84.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjosondu (Casper), Okahandja (Schultze).

M. otjosonduensis Schum.
1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 85.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjosondu (Casper).

M. pallescens Schum.

1913. Schum., Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 85.
Hab.—Namaqualand—Bethany (Schenck).

M. furva Distant.

Soi Distani~ Ann Macy Nat: )Eist: (6), vol. xix, p. 126
(Poecilopsaltria).

1906. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 171, t. 17, fig. 2, a, 6.

oculata Jacobi, Sjéstedt., Kilim.-Meru. Exp. Hom., t. 1, fig. 2, 1910.

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Rolle).

M. triment Dist. S.A.M.
1892. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), vol. ix, p. 313
(Poecilopsaltria).

Hab.—Damaraland—Karibib (A. Ullmann).

M. venusta n. sp. S.A.M.
(Blo Val igs 3%)

Body plump and short; the front of the head projecting slightly ;
the lateral margins of the pronotum slightly convex, rounded; the

140 Annals of the South African Museum.

opercula broad and broadly rounded posteriorly ; the body black
above and pale stramineous below, more or less covered with white
tomentum posteriorly on the mesonotum, basally on the abdomen
above, dorsally on the penultimate segment and on the under surface ;
the raised parts on the pronotum between the oblique black depressions,
an obscure spot on the mesonotum in front of the cruciform elevation,
the apical half of the basal cells on the tegmina, the face and under
surface of the head, the apical half of the rostrum, the abdomen
below in part, the ventral surface of the male genital appendage and
the tarsi pale reddish brown or testaceous ; two spots on the front of
the head, the transverse ridges on the face, a medial transverse fascia
in front of the red ocelli, a lateral transverse fascia and a small basal
spot on each side near the posterior margin, four central spots on each
side of the medial longitudinal abbreviated black fascia and the
lateral parts of the posterior margin on the pronotum, the narrow
lateral margins and the cruciform elevation on the mesonotum, the
apical margins of the abdominal segments beneath and the apex of
the abdomen below ochraceous; the tegmina vitreous, shining, with
the costal part, the basal part, the claval area, and the veins pale
ochraceous, with the small, irregular, fine plume-like and dendritiform
markings on the cells brownish, with the apical parts of the three
outermost ulnar areas, the apex of the claval areas and two series of
small spots near the apices of the longitudinal apical veins deep
dark brown; the wings white, hyaline, with the basal part very pale
ochraceous, and the apical parts of the claval areas and the inner
parts of the veinless membrane milky white, some of the veins, a
medial infusion near the basal parts of some of the apical cells, an
infusion near the apices of the longitudinal veins contiguous to the
claval area, and the subapical parts of the claval areas brownish.

Length of g about 16 mm. (excl. tegm.).

Max. breadth of pron. about 7 mm.

Max. breadth of abd. about 74 mm.

Exp. tegm. 44 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (EH. Kéchig}.

Gen. PLATYPLEURA Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 465.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, pp. 2 and 9.

1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., iu, p. 58.
1913. Distant, Ins. Gen., fasc. cxxxv—cx'ii, 142, p. 7.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 141

Sub-gen. Oxypleura Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 469, 1843.
ie Poecilopsaltria Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 2, 1866.
PF ; i Distant, Mon. Orient. Cicad., p. 5, 1889.

Type.—P. stridula Linn.

P. brevis Walk. S.A.M.
1850. Walker, List Hom., i, p. 19.
1890. Karsch, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxxv, p. 104.

simplex Walker, loc. cit., p. 22.
neurosticta Schaum, Peters’ Reis. nach Moss. Ins., p. 55, t. 11, fig.
12, 1862 (Cicada).
sobrina Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 89, 1855 (Oxypleura).
patruelis Stal, loc. cit., p. 90 (Oxypleura).
Re Butler, Cist. Hnt., i, p. 195, 1874 (Platypleura).

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Rolle).

Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

P. divisa Germ. S.A.M.

1834. Germar in Silberm. Rev. and Ent., ii, p. 80, t. xxii (Cicada).
1850. Walker, List Hom., 1, p. 3.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 16.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjiwarongo (M. Exp., J. 8. Brown).

P. divisa Germ. var. techowi Schum.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 87.
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Techow).

P. fenestrata Schum.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 86.
Hab.—*‘ Deutsch-Siidwestafrika ”’ (Liibbert, Lindt).
Damaraland—Windhuk (Techow), Omaheke (v. Trotha).

P. fenestrata var. vitreomaculata Schum.
1913. Schumacher, loc. cit.
Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Techow).

P. severini Dist. S.A.M.
1893. Distant, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., xxxvii, p. 76.

Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).
Damaraland—Windhuk (M. Exp.), Tsumeb (Kéchig).

142 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. Pyona Am. et Serv.

1843. Amyot et Serville, Hem., p. 463.

1904. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xiv, p. 298.
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., ui, p. 71.
1913. Distant, Gen. Ins., fasc. cxxxv—cxli, 142, p. 15.

Ty pe.—P. strix Bulle.

P. witrea Schum.

1913. Schumacher, Denkschr. Ges. Jena, xvii, p. 87.
Hab.—Damaraland— Windhuk (Rolle).

Sub-fam. 2. Tibicininae Dist.

Div. 1. TAPHURARIA Dist.

Gen. MonomaTAPa Dist.

1897. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xix, p. 129.
Type.—lM. insignis Dist.

M. insignis Dist. S.A.M
1897. Distant, loc. cit.
Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

Div. 2. PARNISARIA Dist.

Gen. Zoueca Dist.

1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 176.
Type.—Z. typrca Dist.

Z. apiana n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VI, fig. 4.)

The body black above and below, densely, greyishly pilose; the
posterior margin and the posterior lateral angles on the pronotum,
the posterior edges of the tympana, the narrow apical margins of
the dorsal abdominal segments from the third to the seventh, the
opercula, the narrow deflected margins of the abdomen below, the

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 148

apical part of the penultimate ventral abdominal segment, and the
ventral surface of the gd genital segment dull ochraceous ; a spot on
each side of the cruciform elevation whitishly pilose; the ocelli, the
rostrum and the anterior legs sepia brown; the claws of the tarsi
and the spines on the posterior tibiae reddish brown, tegmina and
the wings vitreous, transparent; the veins of the tegmina dull
ochraceous near the base and the basal cell; the extreme base, the
narrow anterior costal margin, the outer apical margin of the basal
cell, and the longitudinal veins beyond the claval and two inner
ulnar areas dark brown to black.

The head about as long as the pronotum ; the oblique depressions
on the pronotum well marked and the posterior lateral angles promi-
nently rounded, projecting slightly outwards and forwards; meso-
notum convex, with a groove-like marking on each side medially ;
anterior femora armed on their under surfaces with three distinct
spines, one near the base, one subapically, and a smaller one in the
middle ; opercula small, oblique and rounded posteriorly.

This species is allied to Z. typica Dist.

Length of $ with tegm. about 20 mm.

Length of body (excl. tegm.) about 144 mm.

Breadth about 54 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Andoni (M. Exp.).

Gen. ABAGAZARA Dist.

1905. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), xvi, p. 206.
Type.—A. bicolorata Dist.

A. omaruruensis n. sp. S.A.M.
(EPA tema)

The body short, somewhat laterally compressed and attenuated
posteriorly in the 9; the head longer than the pronotum; the head
and pronotum together slightly longer than the mesonotum; the
apex of the cruciform elevation about at the middle of the body;
upper and under surfaces covered with dense greyish white tomentum ;
the head, the antennae, the pronotum, the mesonotum, the cruciform
elevation, the first two abdominal segments above, the basal margins
of the other segments, the dorsal surface of the penultimate segment,
the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the ? genital segment, the medial
longitudinal dorsal fascia extending from the cruciform elevation to

144 Annals of the South African Museum.

the apex of the abdomen, the mesosternum, the longitudinal fasciae
on the coxae, trochanters, femora, the bases and fasciae on the tibiae,
the bases and apices of the tarsi, a row of spots on each side of the
abdomen beneath, and the ovipositor deep blackish brown to black ;
a longitudinal spot on the front of the head, the rostrum, a spot on
each side in front of the eye, the narrow anterior and the broad
posterior margins and the posterior lateral angles on the pronotum,
the basal lateral margins, a medial U-shaped fascia, and a fascia on
each side continuous with the forks of the cruciform elevation on
the mesonotum, the margins of the cruciform elevation, the under
surface of the body, the ventral surface of the genital segment (9),
and the legs pale yellowish white; the apical margins of the second
to sixth abdominal segments above, and an obscure subbasal annulation
on the tibiae pale reddish.

The front of the head projecting prominently ; the face prominent,
convex ; rostrum reaching the intermediate coxae ; pronotum narrow
anteriorly, with two oblique, well-marked fissures on each side, with
the posterior lateral angles shghtly ampliated, prominent, projecting
outwards and slightly forwards; tegmina transparent ; opalescent,
with a faint milky tinge, with the veins pale ochraceous to pale
reddish white, with the narrow costal margin, the basal parts of the
cell veins, the posterior margins of the claval areas, the apical parts
of the ulnar veins, and the apical veins brown to black, with two
faint brownish spots on the apices of the two outermost ulnar veins ;
wings transparent, opalescent, with a milky-white tinge, with the
basal parts yellowish white, with the veins reddish white, with the
posterior margins of the claval areas and the apical veins brown ;
opercula vestigial, oblique; anterior femora with three distinct
spines on their under surfaces.

Length of 9 (excl. tegm.) about 174 mm.

Max. breadth of pron. about 6 mm.

Max. breadth of abd. about 54 mm.

Exp. tegm. about 464 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Omaruru (J. 8. Brown).

Gen. HENICOTETTIX Stal.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 320.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, pp. 9 and 48.
1890. Karsch, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxxv, p. 111.

Type.—H. hagena Stal.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa.

H. hageni Stal.
1858. Stal, loc. cat.
1866. Stal, loc. cat., p. 49.
Hab.—Damaraland—“ Terr. fluv. Swakop ” (after Stal).

Gen. Tarpinea Dist.
1905. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xvi, p. 210.

145

1906. Distant, Cat. Rhynch. Homop., Part 1, Cicadidae, pp. 140

and 148.
Type.—T. nana Walk.

T. consobrina Dist. S.A.M.

1906. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xvii, p. 386.
Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub, Nuragas (M. Exp.).

Fam. FULGORIDAE Leach.

Sub-fam. 1. Fulgorinae (Stal) Dist.

Div. APHANARIA Dist. .

Gen. Eppara Walk.
1858. Walker, List Hom. Suppl., p. 57.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 187.
Glagovia Stal, Berl. Ent. Zeit., i, p. 313, 1859.
* Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 147, 1866.
Type.—£. euchroma Walk.

E. euchroma Walk. SAM.

1858. Walker, List Hom. Suppl., p. 58.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 188, pl. xviu, fig. 14a.
bella Stal, Berl. Ent. Zeit., ii, p. 313, 1859.
,, etal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 147, 1866.
Hab.—Ovamboland (coll. %).

Sub-fam. 2. Eurybrachydinae (Stal) Dist.

Gen. Paroproxys Karsch.
_ 1890. Karseh, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxxv, p. 57.
1895. Karsch, Ent. Nachrich., xxi, p. 210.

Type.—P. sublamis Karsch.
VO SOMITE, TONea IE 10

146 Annals of the South African Museum.

P. jucundus Dist. S.A.M.

1899. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., iv, p. 114.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 189, tab. xvin, fig. 9a.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

Gen. Mrtoronitys Karsch.

1890. Karsch, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxxv, Heft 1, p. 59.
Type.—M. morgeni Karsch.

M. testudineus n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VU, figs. 1 and Ia.)

The face, body and tegmina above brownish ochraceous, “ tortoise-
shell-like,” variegated w.th irregular black spots and infusions; the
body beneath ochraceous; the apical margin of the vertex, a short
transverse fascia across the tegmina at about the middle, an oblique
fascia on each tegmen extending from beyond the middle of the
costal margin posteriorly, a spot beyond the apex of the clavus, the
apices of the tegmina, three spots on each side on the posterior costal
or stigmatic region, the basal margins of the abdomen and the broad
basal part of the genital segment beneath shining black; the anterior
and intermediate legs, a narrow fascia and some spots to the posterior
femora, the bases and posterior or outer laminate surfaces of the
posterior tibiae, the apices of their spines, and the tarsi dark brown
to black; the lateral parts of the face and clypeus, a small basal spot
on the vertex, the anterior part and margin of the pronotum, a round
spot on each tegmen at about the middle on the cubital vein, the
posterior costal or stigmatic part, the apical margins of the abdomen
beneath, the apex of the genital segment, some spots on the anterior
and intermediate legs, the posterior femora, the inner surfaces of the
posterior tibiae and the bases of their spines ochraceous.

The head broad, truncately rounded anteriorly, with the margins
round the vertex ridge-like; eyes oblique, touching the pronotum ;
face broad, angularly produced on each side below the eyes; clypeus
with the base sinuate; pronotum rounded anteriorly, with the
posterior margin nearly straight, with two small central, discal,
dot-like impressions; mesonotum about as long as head and pro-
notum together, quinquecarinate, with the medial carina feebly
developed, with the two lateral ones short, oblique, and abbreviated ;
tegmina broadly rounded antero-laterally, with the apical margins

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 147

very oblique, more or less straight, with the apical parts truncately
rounded, produced outwards and slightly upwards (PI. VII, figs.
1 and la); clavus with two longitudinal veins, with transverse
veins ; tegmen pilose along the veins, the costal margin, and apical
margins, with four longitudinal veins, with distinct and indistinct
cross-veins (especially near the apical region), with the veins on the
apex obscure; costal membrane with several oblique cross-veins ;
wings (as far as can be seen in the specimen) pale ochraceous, with
their apical parts pilose and infuscated; anterior and intermediate
femora and tibiae broad, flattened ; posterior tibiae trispinose.

Length incl. tegm. about 9 mm.

Max. breadth about 5 mm.

Length of tegm. alone about 8 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 3. Dietyopharinae (Stal) Dist.

Gen. ASELGEIA Walk.

1851. Walker, List Hom., 1, p. 324.
Type.—A. ramulifera Walk.

A. ramulifera Walk. 8.A.M,

1851. Walker, loc. cit., p. 324.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 190, pl. xix, fig. 4a.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

Gen. DicTYoPpHaRA Germ.

1833. Germar, Silberm. Rev., i, p. 175.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 154.
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., iti, p. 241.

Dictiophora Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 290, 1839.

Pseudophana Burmeister, Handb., II, 1, p. 159, 1835.

Chamthus Amyot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 160, 1847.

Nersia Stal, Rio Jan. Hem., ii, p. 62, 1861.

Thanatodictya Kirkaldy, Rep. Exp. St. Haw. Pl. Ass., pt. ix, p. 392,
1906.

Sub-gen. Thanatodictya, Lucinda and Niculda Kirk., loc. cit.,
pp. 392 and 393, 1906.

Type.—D. europaea Linn.

148 Annals of the South African Museum.

D. rocheti Gueér. S.A.M.

1849. Guerin, Lef. Voy. en Abyss. Ins., p. 342, pl. vi, fig. 8 (Fulgora).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 155.

caffra Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Férh., p. 91, 1855 (Pseudophana).
Hab.—Great Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown).

Gen. Putata Mel.
1903. Melichar, Hom. Faun. Ceyl., p. 26.
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., iu, p. 246.
Type.—Prostrata Melich.

P. transvaahiensis Dist.
1906. Distant, Tr. 8. Afr. Ph. Soc., xvi, p. 416.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 191, pl. xix, figs. 2a, 20.

Hab.—Damaraland—Grootfontein-Namutoni (Seewald).

Gen. STRONGYLODEMAS Stal.

1853. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 265.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, pp. 152 and 161.

Type.—S. circulare Stal.

S. corculare Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 92.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 161.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

* INTANDELA N. gen.

Head, including eyes, narrower than pronotum ; vertex moderately
porrect, somewhat conically produced in front of the eyes, with the
margins carinate and a medial longitudinal carination ; face elongated,
feebly convex, with the margins slightly ridged, narrower anteriorly
than posteriorly where the margins are rounded, with three longi-
tudinal carinae, confluent anteriorly ; clypeus triangular, noncarinate ;
eyes suboval, slightly flattened posteriorly (side view) ; ocelli wanting ;
second antennal joints globular ; pronotumconvexly arched anteriorly,

* Kaffir for a “ creeper.”

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 149

broadly angularly sinuate posteriorly, tricarinate, with the anterior
margin distinctly carinate; mesonotum tricarinate, with the lateral
margins ridged; tegmina coriaceous, elongately oval, rounded
posteriorly ; claval suture present; clavus with two and tegmen
with five longitudinal carinately elevated veins ; cross-veins absent ;
costal membrane fairly broad; wings present (as far as can be seen
in the specimen) with closed tegmina ; abdomen (from beneath) broad
and flat ; posterior coxae and trochanters strongly developed, slightly
elevated and projecting over the basal half of the abdominal segments ;
femora slightly compressed ; anterior and intermediate tibiae slightly
compressed and sulcated above ; posterior tibiae slightly, laminately
extended inwards and outwards, with three spines; posterior tarsi
with the basal joint the longest. |

From the description there seems to be a relationship between this
genus and the genus Lagoana of Melichar.

Type.—lI. respersionis n. sp.

I. respersionis 0. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VI, figs. 2 and 2a.)

The body above more or less dull ochraceous, spotted with dark
brown and infused with pale red; the face and the pectoral regions
dark brown, densely speckled with dull ochraceous ; the apex of the
head, the antero-lateral parts of the face, a transverse spot on the
vertex in front of each eye, the antennae, a broad oblique fascia on
each tegmen extending from the costal region to the inner claval vein,
a broad oblique irregular subapical fascia on each side enclosing an
ochraceous spot and extending from the costal margin to the apical
margin, some spots on the veins in the two large apical oval ochraceous
spots, the abdomen beneath, a transverse fascia on the posterior
coxae and the legs dark brown to black; the anterior part and the
posterior carinate margin of the vertex, the medial carina and some
lateral spots on the pronotum, the medial carina, the basal part on
each side of it and the apex on the mesonotum, the medio-lateral
part and the apical ochraceous spots on the tegmina, the abdomen
above (as far as can be seen in the specimen), the apex of the clypeus,
the metasternum, the posterior coxae and trochanters in part, the
apices and some spots on the abdominal segments beneath infused with
red ; the lateral parts of the face, the rostrum in part, the metasternum,
the posterior coxae and trochanters, some small spots on the abdomen
below, the ventral basal part of the genitalia (g), a few small spots

150 Annals of the South African Museum.

on the anterior and intermediate legs, the bases of the spines on the
posterior tibiae and the apical parts of the first and second joints of
the posterior tarsi ochraceous.

The vertex of the head about as long as the mesonotum ; the eyes
projecting backwards, touching the pronotum; pronotum narrow
laterally, broader than the mesonotum; the lateral carinae on the
mesonotum feebly developed, oblique in position ; tegmina extending
slightly beyond the abdomen, with the sides roughly parallel ; rostrum
extending to the anterior margins of the posterior coxae.

Length of ¢ (incl. tegm.) about 4 mm.

Max. breadth of body acr. tegm. about 2 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 4. Cixiinae (Stal) Dist.

Gen. OLIARUS Stal.

1862. Stal, Berl. Ent. Zeit., vi, p. 306.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, pp. 164 and 166.

1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., iii, p. 256.
Triopsis (part) Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 187, 1860.

Type.—O. walkerz Stal.

O. hottentottus Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Foérh., p. 92 (Crxius).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 168.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 193, fig. 32.

Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.).

O. lactescens n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VII, fig. 2.)

The vertex of the head, the eyes, the pronotum, the mesonotum,
the basal half and the subapical part of the claval suture, the spots
on the veins of the clavi and tegmina, the veins on the apical area,
the cross-veins, the costal margins, and the stigmatic areas on the
tegmina, the lateral parts of face and clypeus below, and the pectoral
regions dark brown to black; the anterior and lateral margins of the
vertex, the infusions round the cross-veins and the apical margins on
the tegmina, the face and clypeus, the abdomen beneath (as far as
can be seen in the carded specimen) and the legs paler brown, more

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 151

brownish ochraceous ; the posterior margin of the vertex, the anterior
margin and carina on the pronotum, the medial and apical parts on
the claval suture, the anterior margins of the stigmatic areas, the
medial carina and the lateral margins on the face and clypeus, a spot
on each side of the face, the rostrum, the margins of the prostethium,
the apical margins of the abdominal segments below, the posterior
coxae (as far as can be seen in specimen), the apices of the femora
and tibiae, the margins of the sulcations on the tibiae and the posterior
tarsi yellowish white to ochraceous; the five longitudinal carinae,
the apex and the baso-lateral margins on the mesonotum reddish
ochraceous ; the tegmina and wings lactescent; the vertex slightly
narrowed anteriorly.

This species is allied to hottentottus of Stal, from which it differs by
being larger, by having more lactescent and less infuscated tegmina
and by having the vertex very nearly as long as broad.

Length of specimen (incl. tegm.) about 8 mm.

Max. breadth of specimen (incl. tegm.) about 2% mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

O. lumbefer n. sp. S.A.M.
(RIE Valine 45)

Body above and below black; the margins of the vertex, the
anterior and posterior margins on the pronotum, the costal margins,
the veins on the clavi and tegmina, the outer parts of the stigmatic
areas, the veins on the wings, the apical margins on the dorsal
abdominal segments, the margins and the medial carina on the face
and clypeus, the ocelli, the metasternum in part, the apical margins
and apices of the abdominal segments below, the ventral surfaces
of the male genitalia, the apices of the anterior and intermediate
coxae, the posterior coxae and trochanters, the apices of the femora,
the margins of the sulcations on the tibiae, the posterior tibiae (the
longitudinal fasciae and the apices of their spines excepted) and the
posterior tarsi ochraceous ; the eyes (a central infusion excepted) and
the carinae on the mesonotum reddish ochraceous ; a spot in front of
each coxae pale orange; tegmina very pale ochraceous, darker and
slightly infuscated on the apical regions, with a spot on each side
on the junction of the claval veins, a spot on the bifurcation of each
cubital vein, some spots on the veins of the tegmina, the inner part
of the stigmatic areas, the veins and cross-veins on the apical part
and the apical margin dark brown; wings hyaline, opalescent, feebly

152 Annals of the South African Museum.

lactescent, slightly darker apically, with the veins and margins dark
brown on the apices.

The vertex about as long as broad, feebly narrowed anteriorly, with
a medial, anteriorly abbreviated feeble carination ; the inner pair of
carinae on each side of the medial carina on the mesonotum slightly
outwardly convex; tegmina and wings extending considerably
beyond the abdomen; rostrum reaching the posterior coxae or
extending slightly beyond them; ¢ slightly smaller than the 9.

Length of ¢ (incl. tegm.) 5-52 mm.

Length of @ (incl. tegm.) about 7 mm.

Breadth of g 2-24 mm.

Breadth of 2 24 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa, Ongandjera (M. Exp.).

O. maculosus n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VII, fig. 3.)

Body black above and below (as far as can be seen in the carded
specimen); the margins of the vertex, the pronotum, the costal
margins, the outer parts of the stigmatic areas, the veins of the clavi
and tegmina, the lateral parts, the margins and the medial carina
as well as an oblong spot on each side on the face, the apices of the
femora and the tibiae (the sulcations excepted) dull ochraceous ; the
carinae on the mesonotum reddish brown; tegmina hyaline, feebly
tinged with ochraceous, slightly darker, more infuscated on the apices,
with the numerous small bead-like spots on the claval suture, on the
costal margins and on the veins on both the tegmina and the clavi,
an oblique fascia on the anterior part in front of the middle extending
from the costal margin of each tegmen to the claval suture, an oblique
infuscation on each side extending backwards from the claval apex
to meet a subapical transverse fascia, the cross-veins, and the apical
margins on the tegmina dark brown; the veins on the tegmina
poorly setigerous.

The vertex of the head much longer than broad, narrowed anteriorly,
with the margins prominently ridged and feebly medially carinate ;
posterior margin of the pronotum angularly sinuate ; the medial and
the outermost carinae on each side on the mesonotum distinct and
straight, the innermost ones obsolete, converging slightly towards
the apex. The distinctive characters of this small species is its
elongated vertex, its poorly developed inner mesonotal carinae, and
the numerous bead-like spots on the veins of the tegmina and clavi.

ee | ee eos

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 153

Length (incl. tegm.) about 4 mm.
Max. breadth acr. tegm. about 14 mm.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

O. virgultivagus n. sp. S.A.M.

(Pl. VIL, fig. 5.)

Body black above and below; the margins of the vertex, the
posterior part of the eyes, the ocelli, the carinae and the posterior
margin on the pronotum, the carinae on the mesonotum, the claval
suture, the costal margins, the claval veins in part, and the outermost
vein on the tegmina, the outer margins of the stigmatic areas, the
veins on the wings, the lateral margins and medial carina on the face
and clypeus, the metasternum (as far as can be seen in carded speci-
men), the apices and apical margins of the abdominal segments below,
the extreme apices of the femora, the posterior tibiae and posterior
tarsi whitish ochraceous ; anterior and intermediate tibiae and tarsi
brownish ochraceous; tegmina vitreous, milky, with the veins,
cross-veins, the inner part of the stigmatic areas and the narrow
apical margin dark brown ; the apical veins of the wings dark brown.

The vertex of the head broad, much broader then long, narrowed
and rounded anteriorly, with an abbreviated medial carina; pro-
notum well developed, with prominent carinae, posteriorly angularly
sinuate ; the outermost carinae on the mesonotum oblique and the
innermost outwardly convex, converging anteriorly ; posterior tibiae
trispinose. Related to O. moestus Stal, but differing by the milky
tegmina and non-infuscated wings.

Length of @ (incl. tegm.) about 5 mm., (excl. tegm.) 3 mm.

Breadth about 2 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

Gen. Duixius Stal.
1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 319.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 172.

Type.—D. tenurs Stal.

D. tenuis Stal.
1858. Stal, loc. cit.
1866. Stal, loc. cct.

Hab.—Damaraland—‘ Terr. fluv. Swakop ” (after Stal).

154 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sub-fam. 5. Tropiduchinae (Stal) Dist.

* INKEWANA 0. gen.

Body elliptical, shghtly convex above; head, including eyes,
narrower than pronotum; vertex broad, medially and marginally
carinate, its anterior margin narrowed and rounded ; the eyes large,
oval, projecting posteriorly beyond the basal margin of vertex, nearly
touching the pronotum ; ocelli absent ; second antennal joints oval,
subglobular ; face long, discally tricarinate and marginally carinate,
broader posteriorly than anteriorly, anterior part feebly medially
convex, with the carinae not quite reaching it; clypeus triangular,
slightly convex, with the lateral margins noncarinate, medially
basally feebly subcarinate, its basal part angularly sinuate; pro-
notum tricarinate, its posterior margin broadly angularly sinuate, its
antero-lateral parts excavate for the reception of the eyes, discally
medially bi-impressed ; mesonotum triangular, tricarinate, narrower
than the pronotum; tegmina coriaceous, elongately oval, rounded
posteriorly and abbreviated ; claval suture absent ; clavus with two
longitudinal (the outer meeting the inner just before the middle) and
tegmen with four longitudinal elevated veins ; the inner claval being
continuous posteriorly, transversely and intramarginally with the
lateral subcostal vein on the tegmen ; wings absent ; tibiae sulcated ;
posterior tibiae the longest and trispinose; posterior tarsi with the
basal joint robust, moderately long ; male genitalia prominent, with
a dorsally situated tubular structure opening posteriorly, with a
central spine-like projection attached to its inner dorsal surface and
two apposed prominent ventral dilated flaps (Pl. VII, fig. 6a) ; female
unknown.

This genus seems to be allied to Hiracia.

Type.—I. fuscowrroratus n. sp.

I. fuscowrroratus n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VII, figs. 6 and 6a.)

Body above and below ochraceous; the tegmina with a feeble
greenish tinge ; a large subtriangular spot on the apex of the head
(anterior part of the face), a smaller triangular spot on each side of
the vertex near the anterior margin of the eye, a fascia behind each
eye, extending anteriorly and laterally in front of the antennal
insertion, the second antennal joints, the antero-lateral excavated
parts on the pronotum, a spot on each side basally near the basal

* Kaffir for a “little rogue.”

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 155

angles and some small spots discally between the carinae on the
mesonotum, the many small irregular and often dendritic markings
between the veins on the tegmina, an obscure transverse fascia on
the penultimate abdominal segment above, the lateral parts of the
abdomen in front of the genital segment, a basal spot above on the
tubular genital structure and the floor or ventral surface of the
circular opening, the irregular markings between the carinae and the
carinae on the face (obscurely so), the clypeus, especially laterally,
the lateral parts on the metastethium, the basal, medial, ventral
surface of the male genitalia, the anterior and intermediate legs, the
lateral fasciae on the posterior femora, the inner surfaces and the
apices of the spines on the posterior tibiae, the apices and spines on
the first and second joints and the apical joint on the posterior tarsus
blackish brown or black; the medial basal part on the clypeus, the
anterior or upper surfaces and apices of the anterior and intermediate
femora, the margins of the sulcations on the tibiae, the anterior
(upper) and under surfaces on the posterior femora, the bases of the
spines on the posterior tibiae and the first and second joints of the
posterior tarsi ochraceous.

The vertex broader than long, with the medial carina not reaching
the apex; lateral carinae on the mesonotum oblique, converging
slightly anteriorly ; tegmina not extending beyond the penultimate
abdominal segment, leaving the genitalia exposed; abdomen
obscurely medially carinate towards the apex on the dorsal surface ;
the first or subbasal spine on the posterior tibia the smallest.

Length of g¢ 4 mm.

Breadth of body acr. tegm. about 2 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 6. Derbinae (Stal) Dist.
* [MBALARA DN. gen.

Head, including eyes, narrower than the pronotum, seen from the
side more or less rounded anteriorly, compressed and narrowly pro-
minent in front of the eyes ; vertex narrow, more so anteriorly, with
its margins strongly carinately prominent, projecting above the eyes
and continuous with the carinate margins on the face; face very
narrow, convexly rounded, its margins prominently carinate, producing
a deep medial sulcation; clypeus long, narrow, medially carinate,
with its lateral margins subcarinate and its base straight; eyes
posteriorly sinuate beneath (“‘comma-shaped ”’ when viewed from

* Kaffir for a “‘ champion.”

156 Annals of the South African Museum.

the side); ocelli present; antennae with an oval, thin squame or
scale-like projecting appendage (Pl. VIII, figs. 1 and la, app.) on
each side attached to their bases and with the second joint sub-
globular ; apical joint of rostrum minute ; pronotum short, posteriorly
deeply angularly sinuate, medially and laterally carinate; meso-
notum tricarinate, with the lateral margins ridged ; tegmina elongate,
longer than the wings, gradually amplified from base towards the
apex, thence somewhat convex, but slightly indented in front of the
somewhat amplified apex ; five longitudinal veins emerging from the
basal cell (of which the outermost or ulnar gives off inwardly four
oblique longitudinal branches connected by cross-veins towards the
margin) ; the subcostal vein bifurcating opposite the basal cell; the
clavus somewhat long, nearly reaching the middle of the tegmen ;
wings shorter than tegmina, with the claval area coriaceous, with
five longitudinal veins (the costal and the middle ones of which
bifurcate) ; legs slender; posterior tibiae obsoletely bispinose ; first
joint of the posterior tarsi elongated; abdomen above medially
longitudinally carinate.

This genus is allied to Phenice, from which it can be distinguished
by the scale-like antennal appendages, the presence of ocelli and the
different ground-plan of the venations on the tegmina and wings.

Type.—I. squamefer n. sp.

I. squamifer n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VIII, figs. 1 and 1a.)

The vertex of the head, the pronotum, the carinae, and the apex
on the mesonotum, the face, the clypeus, the ocelli, the second
antennal joints, the rostrum, the coxae and legs ochraceous; the
mesonotum, the abdomen above, the pectoral regions laterally, and
the narrow apical margins of the abdominal segments below brownish
ochraceous ; the eyes, the apex of the rostrum, the lateral regions
(often the dorsal surface) and the ventral surface of the abdomen,
and the spines on the posterior tibiae and tarsi blackish brown; the
scale-like appendages to the antennae, the carinae, the lateral and
posterior margins on the pronotum yellowish white or albescent ;
tegmina brownishly infuscated, with a purplish tinge especially on
the apex ; the basal part on the clavus, the longitudinal veins emitted
from the basal cell, the cross-veins and a subapical spot darker,
purplish brown; the ulnar vein beyond the middle, the apical veins
and the apical margin reddish ; the basal costal margin, the basal part
of the subcostal vein and the medial part on the clavus ochraceous ;

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 157

four or five spots on the costal region (including a marked subapical
one), two rows of oval spots along the cross-veins, the apical part of
the basal cell, some irregular spots along the ulnar vein and the sub-
apical part on the clavus whitish ; wings faintly infuscated, with the
claval area and the veins dark purplish brown, the margin reddish.

The lateral carinae on the pronotum very oblique, parallel to the
posterior margins ; mesonotum convex discally, with the carinae not
reaching the rounded and somewhat raised apex; rostrum reaching
the posterior coxae ; posterior tibiae armed with two small obsolete
spines, one at the base and the other a little beyond the middle ;
abdomen pilose on its ventral surface.

Length of body (excl. tegm.) 4-44 mm.

Breadth of abd. 14-2 mm.

Length of tegm. about 7$ mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (E. Kéchig) ; also

Transvaal—Barberton (H. Munro).

Gen. Camma Dist.
1907. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xix, p. 404.
Type.—C. abdominalis Dist.

C. abdominals Dist. S.A.M.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 195, pl. xx, fig. 3a (Phenice).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. Inxwata Dist.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 197.
Type.—I. modesta Dist.

* IT. modesta Dist. S.A.M.
(Pl. VII, figs. 7, 7a, and 70.)
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 197, tab. xx, fig. 6a.
Hab.—Damaraland —Windhuk (Purch., 1919).
Ovamboland—Nomtele, Andoni, Ongandjera (M. Exp.).

* The coloration varies in the specimens from these localities. The tegmina
vary from pale greyish brown to blackish brown. The claval suture, the claval
veins, the tegminal veins and some spots along the costal membrane and some
minute or larger spots scattered over the surface are whitish. Distant does not

mention that the inner claval vein is granular. The venation of the tegmina
seems to be identical with that of Phaconeura.

158 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sub-fam. 7. Lophopinae (Stal, Atkins) Dist.

Gen. ELASMOSCELIS Spin.

1839. Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., vin, p. 388.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 200.

1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., iu, p. 318.
1915. Melichar, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., pt. xii, p. 356.

Type.—E. cumicordes Spin.

E. stali Dist. | S.A.M.
1910. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., p. 198, tab. xix, fig. 14, a—b.

cimicoides Stal (nec Spin.), Hem. Afr., iv, p. 200, 1866.
Hab.—Damaraland—Okahandja (Schultze), Gaub, Waterberg,
Tsintsabis (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).

Gen. Kusuma Dist.

1906. Distant, Fauna Brit Ind. Rhynch., in, p. 329.
Type.—K. carinata Dist.

K. aethiopica n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VII, fig. 8.)

Body above and below pale greenish yellow to dilute ochraceous
(fresh specimens are most likely green ?); the ocelli and abdomen
above orange yellow; the eyes reddish brown; the apices of the
spines on the posterior tibiae and the claws of the tarsi black ; tegmina
pale greenish yellow, with the veins green ; wings milky white, with
the veins pale green.

The vertex of the head broader than long, slightly produced in front
of the eyes, somewhat concave discally, anteriorly subtruncately
rounded, narrower than posteriorly, medially distinctly carinate and
with the lateral margins upwardly carinate; face marginally and
medially carinate, slightly broader posteriorly; clypeus with the
sides obscurely ridged; rostrum short, reaching the intermediate
coxae ; pronotum prominently tricarinate, anteriorly subtruncately
rounded, posteriorly deeply sinuate, with the disc slightly concave ;
mesonotum about as long as the vertex and pronotum together,

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 159

with the lateral carinae oblique, converging anteriorly; tegmina
extending considerably beyond the abdomen, with the costal mem-
brane on each side with about fourteen transverse veins; wings
extending beyond the abdomen, shorter than the tegmina ; posterior
tibiae with two distinct spines.

This species is related to K. carinata Dist.

Length (incl. tegm.) about 8 mm.

Breadth acr. meso. about 2 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Near Eriksson’s Drift on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 8. Issinae (Stal) Dist.

Gen. TELMEssus Stal.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 211.
1906. Melichar, Abh. k. k. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., in, 4, p. 157.
Type.—T. fenestratus Thb.

T. testudinarzius Dist. S.A.M.

1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 199, tab. xix, fig. 15a.
Hab.—Ovamboland—Andoni, Otjimbumbe on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. Montrerra Mel.
1906. Melichar, Abh. k. k. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., ii, 4, p. 158.
Type.—WM. cormcula Mel.

M. cormcula Mel.

1906. Melichar, loc. cot., fig. 24.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 199, tab. xx, fig. Ta.
Hab.—Damaraland (aiter Melichar).

* TKONZA 0. gen.

Head, including eyes, broad, slightly broader than pronotum ;
vertex quadrangular, broader than long, slightly broader anteriorly
than posteriorly, its margins carinate, medially obsoletely carinate,
with its posterior margin slightly concave and its anterior margin
broadly convexly rounded ; face shield-like, broadly quadrangular,
posteriorly slightly broader, medially discally quadrangularly feebly
convex and faintly rugulose, the anterior margin slightly concave,

* Kaffir for a “‘ varlet.”’

160 Annals of the South African Museum.

medially and sublaterally very faintly indicative of carinae, the
margins finely carinate; clypeus triangular, noncarinate (as far as
can be seen on carded specimen) ; eyes large, oval, projecting back-
wards; ocelli none; second antennal joints short and oval; pro-
notum about as long as the vertex, medially carinate, with its margins
carinate, its anterior margin subtriangularly produced and rounded,
its posterior margin truncate; mesonotum triangular, with its
lateral margins carinate; tegmina slightly ampliated posteriorly,
placed slightly vertically, with the claval margin straight, with the
costal margin just before the middle slightly convexly rounded, with
the apical margin obliquely truncate, discally antero-laterally globularly
elevated ; the veins prominent, elevated, with many transverse veins
from the middle towards the apex (some of which are obscurely
visible) ; a distinct series of short apical veins deliminating a row of
apical areas; wings slightly shorter than tegmina ; legs moderately
stout ; tibiae distinctly sulcated ; posterior tibiae bispinose.
This genus seems to have affinities with Hysteropterum.

Type.—lI. lawrencei n. sp.

* T. lawrencet n. sp. S.A.M.

(Pl. VIII, figs. 3, 3a, and 30.)

Body above and below more or less sienna brown ; the inner and
posterior basal parts of the eyes above, the lateral or antennal regions
below the eyes, the medial carina and an irregular and obscure spot
on each side on the pronotum, the apex on the mesonotum, the
abdomen below, the posterior coxal regions, a spot near the bases,
a medial annulation and the apices on the anterior and intermediate
tibiae and the posterior tibiae and tarsi paler, more ochraceous ; the
eyes, a depression on each side on the vertex near the basal angles, a
depression medially as well as an obscure fascia on each side of the
medial carina and the lateral parts on the pronotum, a smooth
depression on each side and the lateral parts on the mesonotum,
the anterior and intermediate legs, the fasciae on the upper surfaces
on the posterior femora and tibiae, and the apices of the spines on
the posterior tibiae blackish brown to black; tegmina tortoise-shell-
like, shining black; the claval suture, the veins on the clavus, the
veins and transverse veins on the tegmina brownish ochraceous ;
a large transverse spot and some small transverse fasciae on the clavus,
a broad transverse fascia across the tegmina just before the middle

* After Mr. R. F. Lawrence of the Museum staff, who was responsible for the
collection of many Hemiptera from S.-W. Africa.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 161

and some irregular spots on the apical region ochraceous; wings
infuscated, with black longitudinal and transverse veins; posterior
tibiae with two distinct spines beyond the middle.

Length of body about 4 mm.

Breadth of body, pronotal region, about 2 mm.

Length of tegm. about 44 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Otjimbumbe on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. Hitpa Kirk.

1900. Kirkaldy, Entomologist, p. 243.

1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 206.

Isthma Walker, List Hom., ii, p. 732, 1851; Stal, Hem. Aifr.,
iv, p. 218, 1866.

Egropa Melichar, Hom. Faun. Ceyl., p. 82, 1903.

Type.—H. undata Walk.

H. patruelis Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 100 (Tettrgometra).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 219.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 201, tab. xx, fig. 12a.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Mafa (M. Exp.).

H. speciosa n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VIII, fig. 4.)

The vertex of the head, the antennae and pronotum pale brownish ;
the anterior margin of the head, a medial fascia and some irregular
spots on the vertex, the basal part of the clypeus, the posterior margin
and some irregular spots on the pronotum, a small lateral spot on each
side on the mesonotum, some irregular spots on the pectoral regions,
the apical margins on the abdominal segments below, the numerous
small spots on the legs and the posterior tarsi whitish or whitish
ochraceous; the face, the abdomen below, the numerous irregular
spots on the legs, the bases of the tarsal joints, the claws of the tarsi
and the apices of the spines on the posterior tarsi black; the meso-
notum deep velvety blackish brown, with an obscure brownish spot
on each side near the basal angles ; its apex pale brownish ochraceous ;
tegmina opaque, more or less shining basally, black near the base,
slightly paler, more brownish ochraceous towards the apex; a small
oblong oblique spot at about the middle and the apex on the clavus,

VOL. XXIII, PART |. Il

162 Annals of the South African Museum.

a broad subbasal oblique fascia, a transverse fascia touching the costal
margin, thinned medially and extending to the apex of the clavus, a
large oblique subapical spot touching the costal margin and some small
irregular apical spots on each tegmen white; an arcuate subapical
fascia spotted with black across the clavi and extending on to the
tegmina brownish ochraceous; wings milky or albescent, with
white veins.

This species is related to patruelis, but differs by having the anterior
margin of the head more truncately rounded and less convexly
rounded, by its apparently smaller size and dark-coloured tegmina
with distinct and well-defined white markings.

Length (incl. tegm.) about 32 mm.

Breadth acr. mesonotal region about 14 mm.

Breadth acr. base of tegm. about 14 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Namakunde (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 9. Rieaniinae (Stal) Dist.
(=Fam. RICANIIDAE Mel.)

Div. 1. RICANIINARIA Dist.
(=Tripe RICANIINI Mel.)

Gen. LuGArRpDIA Dist.

1909. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., iv, p. 331.
1923. Melichar, Gen. Ins. Hom., fasc. 182, p. 147.

Type.—L. mamica Dist.

L. mumaca Dist. S.A.M.

1909. Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., iv, p. 332.
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1, p. 247, tab. xxiii, fig. 24a.

Hab.—Damaraland—Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

Div. 2. NOGODINIARIA Dist.
(=TrisE NOGODININI Mel.)

* DIAZANUS n. gen.

Head, including eyes, slightly narrower than pronotum ; vertex
much broader than long, somewhat concavely depressed, with the

* After Bartholomew Diaz.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 163

margins carinate, with the posterior margin broadly concave and the
anterior margin truncate; face slightly longer than broad, feebly
convex (when viewed from the side), medially distinctly carinate,
with indications of lateral or obsolete lateral carinae parallel to the
medial one, the margins carinate, the anterior margin concave ;
clypeus about as long as face, with the lateral margins carinate,
medially apically distinctly carinate, the base slightly concave ;
ocelli present ; second antennal joints globular ; pronotum medially
obsoletely carinate, with the margins carinate, with the anterior
margin concavely rounded and the posterior margin broadly sub-
angularly sinuate ; mesonotum about as long as the vertex and pro-
notum together, tricarinate, the lateral carinations incurved, meeting
near the anterior margin, the lateral margins ridged; tegmina
parchment-like, elongately oval, with the costal membrane broad
and convex anteriorly; the costal margin slightly sinuate before
the stigmatic areas; the apical areas slightly ampliated, with the
apical margin subtruncately rounded; a globular elevation present
near basal cell; the claval veins uniting at the middle; the basal
cell emitting four longitudinal veins, the second one of which bifur-
cating before the middle and the others beyond the middle; the
outermost or radialis dividing into two slightly thickened branches,
the inner one of which curving gracefully inwards, then outwards,
joining the costal margin, the outer forming the posterior boundary of
the stigmatic area (the two being joined by a transverse vein forming
a distinct cell) ; costal membrane with numerous oblique cross-veins ;
clavus and tegmen with numerous variable cross-veins, and three
arcuate ridge-like series, extending from the claval apex to the stig-
matic region, more or less in rows, dividing the apical region into
three rows of apical cells; wings with the longitudinal veins furcate
near the apex, with only two cross-veins beyond the middle and with
the longitudinal vein on the anal area unforked ; anterior and inter-
mediate femora sulcate below, with two rows of small spines situated
mostly on the outer rim; posterior tibiae with two or three spines ;
anterior and intermediate tibiae sulcated above.

Type.—D. corupennis n. sp.

D. coriwpennis n. sp. S.A.M.
(Ey VARIES ne sey2e Za wanes 20-)

The vertex of the head, the anterior and posterior parts on the face,
the posterior lateral parts and a transverse fascia on the clypeus, the

164 Annals of the South African Museum.

antennae, the apex of the rostrum (often the entire rostrum), the
pronotum, the mesonotum, the prostethium, the lateral regions of
the abdomen below, the anterior coxae in part, the irregular markings
on the anterior and intermediate femora and tibiae, the fasciae on
the posterior femora and tibiae, and the apices of the spines on
the posterior tibiae and tarsi black ; a medial fascia and some lateral
spots (or a lateral fascia) on the vertex, a broad transverse fascia
across the face (often obscure), the posterior angles on the face, the
ocelli, the rostrum, a medial fascia, a lateral fascia on each side and
some irregular markings on the pronotum, the dorsal surface of the
abdomen, the metastethial or posterior coxal regions, the ventral
surface and the apical margins laterally on the abdominal segments
below, and the legs more or less ochraceous; the carinae and often
the disc between the carinae as well as a small spot on each side,
or some small spots between the carinae and the apex on the meso-
notum brownish ochraceous; the clypeus ochraceous or inclining to
orange; tegmina opaque, ochraceous or dull ochraceous, with the
veins, the cross-veins (except the three series near the apex), a medial
oblique spot and the apex on the clavus, the basal globular elevation,
the base, a spot opposite the globular elevation and the margin on the
costal membrane, the stigmatic area, the cell on the radialis, an
oblique fascia near the claval apex, two oblique fasciae on the apical
veins near the apical angle, the apical margin, and the small round
spots scattered over the tegmina (especially on the cells of the apical
regions and costal membrane) blackish brown or black; some spots
at the apices of the transverse veins on the costal membrane and on
the apices of the apical veins along the apical margin pale ochraceous ;
wings smoky, with dark-brown veins.

The vertex about half as long as the pronotum, with its lateral
margins often prominently upwardly carinate (causing the anterior
margin of the face to be markedly concave) ; the disc of the pronotum
somewhat concave; the lateral carinae on the mesonotum slightly
oblique ; rostrum reaching the posterior coxae; posterior tibiae
bispinose, often trispinose (with a very minute spine before the
middle and two large ones beyond the middle).

Length of body (incl. tegm.) 6-74 mm.

Length of tegm. 5-64 mm.

Breadth acr. mesonotal region 12—2 mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Windhuk (Purch.), Nuragas and Sandup

(M. Exp.), Otjiwarongo (J. S. Brown).
Ovamboland—Mafa, Nomtele (M. Exp.).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 165

Sub-fam. 10. Flatinae (Stal) Dist.
(=Fam. FLATIDAE Mel.)

Div. 1. FLATARIA Dist.

Gen. SCARPANTA Stal.

1862. Stal, Rio Jan. Hem., vol. 1, p. 69.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 240.

1901. Melichar, Ann. Nat. Mus. Wien., xvi, p. 240.
1923. Melichar, Gen. Ins. Hom., fasc. 182, p. 36.

Type.—S. mortusfolia Stal.

S. fulva n. sp. S.A.M.

(Pl. VIII, figs. 5 and 5a.)

The vertex, the face, the bases of the ocelli, the pronotum, the
mesonotum, the lateral pectoral regions and the anterior coxae (as
far as can be seen in the carded specimen) more or less shining, deep
blackish brown ; the basal margin on the eyes, the lateral antennal
regions, the antennae, the ocelli, the carinate margins on the face,
the posterior part on the face, the clypeus and the legs (as far as can
be seen) paler, more ochraceous ; tegmina opaque, yellowish brown ;

the anterior granular region along the inner claval vein, the basal
cell and basal region, the posterior region near the apical angle,
some faint spots on the apical cells intramarginally beyond the
stigmatic regions and along the apical margins, and about eleven
or twelve distinct round spots on each tegmen (Pl. VIII, fig. 5a)
blackish brown or black; the inner anterior part on the clavus, the
costal and apical margins, the veins on and near the stigmatic regions,
and the terminations of the veins on the posterior costal and apical
margins ochraceous ; the entire body partially covered with a whitish
powder, especially on the reticulate regions on the tegmina.

The face anteriorly convexly rounded, posteriorly discally slightly
concave, with the lateral margins posteriorly prominently carinate ;
pronotum with the anterior margin convexly subtruncately rounded,
finely carinate, the posterior margin broadly subangularly sinuate ;
mesonotum convexly roundly elevated, with the central discal part
flat and deliminated posteriorly on each side by a carina, with the
apex slightly elevated; tegmina with the costal margin slightly
convex, with the apical angle rounded, the apical margin more or less

166 Annals of the South African Museum.

truncate and the sutural angle acute, more or less produced; the
costal membrane broad anteriorly, narrower posteriorly, with trans-
verse veins; posterior part of tegmen (from about the level of the
claval apex) with the veins reticulate, with more or less three series
of cross-veins near the apex, dividing that region into three rows of
apical cells ; clavus tubercularly granular anteriorly along the promi-
nently elevated inner longitudinal vein.

Length (incl. tegm.) about 84 mm.

Breadth acr. meso. about 24 mm.

Length of tegm. about 74 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Onoolonga (M. Exp.).

Div. 2. NEPHESARIA Dist.

Gen. CAESONIA Stal.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 244.
1901. Melichar, Ann. Nat. Mus. Wien., xvi, p. 254.
1923. Melichar, Gen. Ins. Hom., fasc. 182, p. 56.

Type.—C. bellula Stal.

C. bellula Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 94 (Colobesthes).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 244.
1901. Melichar, Ann. Nat. Mus. Wien., xvi, p. 258, pl. v, fig. 13.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Near Eriksson’s Drift on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Gen. Utunp1A Dist.

1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 250.
Type.—U. decisa Dist.

U. decisa Dist. | S.A.M.
1900-11. Distant, loc. cit., tab. xxiii, fig. la.

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas, Windhuk (M. Exp.).
Ovamboland—Near Eriksson’s Drift on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Div. 3. SELIZARIA Dist.

Gen. CyarDA Walk.

1858. Walker, List Hom. Suppl., p. 121.
1866. Stal, Hem., iv, p. 237.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 167

1902. Melichar, Ann. Nat. Mus. Wien., xvii, p. 133.
1923. Melichar, Gen. Ins. Hom., fasc. 182, p. 91.
Gelastophantia Kirk., Entomologist, p. 279, 1904.

Type.—C. difformis Walk.

C. ocreata n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VIII, figs. 9 and 9a.)

The vertex, the anterior and lateral intramarginal parts on the face,
the lateral and apical parts on the clypeus, the pronotum, the meso-
notum, the mesostethia, the abdomen below, the posterior trochanters,
the upper surfaces on the anterior and intermediate tibiae, the claws
of the tarsi, the apices on the posterior tibiae, and the posterior tarsi
blackish brown or black; a medial fascia (sometimes absent), the
lateral carinate margins and some lateral markings on the vertex,
the posterior part and the lateral carinate margins on the face, the
medial basal part on the clypeus, the rostrum, the lateral antennal
regions, the apices on the second antennal joints, the ocelli, an obscure
medial fascia, the anterior margin and an antero-lateral irregular
spot on each side on the pronotum, an obscure abbreviated medial
fascia on the anterior part, the basal part of the lateral margins and
often a spot on each side near the apex on the mesonotum, the pro-
stethia, the metastethial or posterior coxal regions, the apical margins
on the abdominal segments below, the coxae and the legs more or less
ochraceous or dull brownish ochraceous; tegmina pale yellowish
white, pale brownish ochraceous or pale brownish; the veins and
transverse veins, an oblique fascia joining the outer claval vein to
the inner opposite the mesonotal apex, a spot on the junction of the
inner and outer claval veins, the axillary tubercle, a broad fascia
extending from the costal margin and behind the axillary tubercle
obliquely backwards, some small marginal spots on the costal mem-
brane, an irregular spot at about the middle near the costal margin,
a broad lateral fascia extending from about the level of the claval
apex to the apical margin, the posterior costal part beyond the
stigmatic regions and the apical angle, black; the anterior granular
region on the clavus and the parts posterior to the claval apex along
the suture castaneous or piceous ; wings brownishly infuscated, more
ochraceous near the bases and darker towards the apices, with the
basal parts on the veins and the margins ochraceous, with the apical
parts on the veins blackish brown.

168 Annals of the South African Museum.

The vertex about as long as broad, with some discal depressions,
with the lateral margins carinate, the anterior margin somewhat
convexly rounded and ridge-like ; face anteriorly convex, posteriorly
discally slightly concave, with the lateral margins prominently
carinate and somewhat reflected outwards; clypeus triangular,
basally slightly convex; rostrum reaching the posterior coxae ;
pronotum about as long as the vertex, with its anterior ridged margin
subtruncately rounded, anteriorly medially slightly sinuate, with its
posterior margin broadly subangularly sinuate, with a small mamillary
tubercle behind each eye ; mesonotum convexly elevated, prominently
so anteriorly, flattened discally and posteriorly ; tegmina with the
costal margin very convex opposite the axillary tubercle, slightly
sinuate before the stigmatic regions, posteriorly slightly amplified,
with the apical angles rounded, with the apical margin more or less
truncate (but slightly concavely sinuate), with the prominent sutural
angles subangularly rounded ; axillary tubercles prominent, produced
outwards ; clavus tubercularly granular anteriorly, with the inner
vein thickened and elevated, with the outer vein joining the inner at
about the middle; anterior and intermediate tibiae dorso-ventrally
compressed, broad and flat on their superior surfaces ; posterior tibiae
slightly ampliated apically, with a single subapical spine.

Length (incl. tegm.) 9-11 mm.

Breadth acr. axillary tubercles 24-3 mm.

Breadth acr. mesonotal region 24-2 mm.

Hab.—Namaqualand—Asab, Kalkfontein, Gibeon (J. Brown).

Damaraland—Omaruru (J. Brown), Tsumeb (M. Exp.).

C. truncata n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VIII, figs. 8 and 8a.)

The body above and below ochraceous ; a spot on each side on the
vertex, an intramarginal line (often absent) surrounding the face,
the clypeus in part, a spot or two spots on each side laterally in front
of the eye, a few small spots on each side on the pronotum, the meso-
notum and the claws of the tarsi reddish brown; the base on the face,
the apex of the rostrum, the bases of the ocelli, a medial depressed
line on the pronotum, three broad longitudinal fascia (sometimes
obscure) on the mesonotum, the narrow basal margins of the abdominal
segments above, the mesostethia, the anterior and intermediate coxae,
and the spines on the posterior tibiae and tarsi darker, more blackish

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 169

brown ; tegmina more or less ochraceous, with the basal granular
part and the two veins on the clavus, the basal part, the basal costal
part, the costal membrane and most of the longitudinal veins and
transverse veins on the tegmina darker, more reddish brown; the
costal margin and the vein across the axillary elevation pale
ochraceous ; wings milky white basally, darkly infuscated apically,
with the veins pale ochraceous basally, black apically.

The head, including the eyes, slightly broader than the pronotum,
more or less truncately rounded anteriorly ; the vertex short, con-
siderably broader than long, with the margins carinate ; face convex
anteriorly, slightly depressed posteriorly, about as broad as long,
with the lateral margins prominently carinate posteriorly and some-
what reflexed outwards; clypeus slightly convex ; rostrum reaching
the posterior coxae; pronotum with its anterior carinate margin
broadly convexly rounded, with its posterior margin broadly sinuate ;
mesonotum about twice as long as the pronotum and head together,
more or less convex, centrally and posteriorly slightly depressed ;
tegmina with the axillary tubercle subprominent, with the apical
margin truncately rounded, with the second longitudinal vein divid-
ing and subdividing into numerous branches, with a subbranch of
the first longitudinal vein crossing the branches of the second, with
numerous transverse veins ; clavus with the outer vein meeting the
inner beyond the middle ; posterior tibiae bispinose.

Length (incl. tegm.) 10-12 mm.

Breadth acr. mesonotal region 24-24 mm.

Hab.—Namaqualand—Kalkfontein (J. Brown), near Gamis (M.

Exp.), Asab (J. Brown).

Sub-fam. 11. Delphacinae (Stal) Dist.

Gen. Lipurnta Stal.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 179.
1906. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., in, p. 480.
Embolophora Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 265, 1853.

Type.—L. monoceros Stal.

L. lautipes Stal. S.A.M.

1858. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 319 (Delphaz).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 180.

VY

170 Annals of the South African Museum.

Hab.—Damaraland—T’kons Fountain (after Stal).
Ovamboland—Andoni, Mafa, Ongandjera (M. Exp.).

L. manicata n. sp. S.A.M.
(CHE WUE, rea, 7)

Body above and below pale brownish ochraceous ; the clypeus, the
rostrum, the lateral carinae on the pronotum, the carinae and the
apex on the mesonotum, the apical margins and apical angles on the
abdominal segments above, the posterior coxal or metastethial regions,
the medial ventral surface on the abdomen, the coxae and the posterior
legs slightly paler, more ochraceous ; the eyes, the ocelli, the apex of
the rostrum, the apices of the first antennal joints, a spot on each
side on the metastethium, the basal margins and the lateral parts
on the abdomen below, the apices of the spines on the posterior tibiae
and tarsi, and the claws of the tarsi black ; tegmina vitreous, slightly
tinged with ochraceous, with the veins granular anterior to the claval
apex, with the apices of the inner veins on the clavus, some of the
longitudinal veins and granulations, the longitudinal apical and cross-
veins on the apical region posterior to the claval apex, a longitudinal
fascia on each side along the suture posterior to the claval apex,
infusions round the termini on the apical veins, and the posterior
margin blackish brown; the veins on the wings blackish brown.

The vertex on the head about as wide as the eyes, with the
lateral margins carinate ; face elongate, slightly narrowed anteriorly,
medially and marginally carinate, the medial carina bifurcating
anteriorly into two long forks ; clypeus medially and laterally carinate ;
eyes slightly sinuate on their ventral margins; the second antennal
joints slightly longer than the first; rostrum extending slightly
beyond the intermediate coxae; pronotum tricarinate, with its
lateral carinae oblique and converging slightly anteriorly, with its
posterior margin broadly sinuate; mesonotum tricarinate, with the
space between the carinae slightly depressed posteriorly ; the outer
claval vein meeting the inner just before the middle; posterior
tibiae bispinose.

Length (incl. tegm.) about 5 mm.

Breadth acr. meso. about 1 mm.

Breadth acr. tegm. about 14 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Near Eriksson’s Drift on Kunene R. (M. Exp.).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 171

DL. varia na. sp. S.A.M.
(PIS Valiriaee" 9.)

Body above varying from ochraceous to pale brownish ochraceous,
below varying more or less from pale brownish ochraceous to black ;
the carina and carinate margins on the face and clypeus, the carinae
on the pronotum and mesonotum, the apex on the mesonotum, the
apical margins and the apical angles on the abdominal segments
above, often the apices on the posterior femora, the posterior tibiae
and tarsi pale, more whitish ochraceous ; the eyes, the ocelli, the space
between the carina on the face and clypeus, the apex of the rostrum,
the apices of the first antennal joints, the granulations on the second
joints, the abdomen above, often the entire pectoral regions below,
a distinct spot (surrounded by an ochraceous margin) on each side on
the metastethium, a small spot on each side on the apices of the
posterior femora, often the coxae, the apices of the spines on the
posterior tibiae and tarsi, and the claws of the tarsi black; tegmina
hyaline or vitreous, with a very faint tinge of ochraceous, with the
veins and the costal margin anterior to the claval apex ochraceous,
with the apices of the inner claval veins, the transverse and longitudinal
apical veins as well as the posterior margin dark blackish brown ;
wings opalescent, faintly albescent, with the basal part of the veins
ochraceous, and with the apical veins as well as the posterior margin
dark brown ; the veins on the tegmina granular and often setigerous ;
the outer claval vein meeting the inner before the middle of the clavus.

The vertex narrower than the eyes, slightly concave discally ;
face elongate, slightly narrower anteriorly, medially and marginally
carinate, the medial carina bifurcating anteriorly into two short
forks ; clypeus medially and marginally distinctly carinate ; rostrum
extending slightly beyond the intermediate coxae; eyes excavated
on their ventral surfaces; pronotum and mesonotum tricarinate ;
posterior tibiae bispinose.

Length of ¢ (incl. tegm.) 3-34 mm., 2 average about 4 mm.

Breadth acr. mesonotal region, ¢ and about 1 mm.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Andoni, Ongandjera, Ondongua, Onambeke,

Onoolonga, Ukualongkathi (M. Exp.).
Natal—Durban.

L,. vitticollas Stal. S.A.M.

1855. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 93 (Delphaz).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 179.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Onambeke (M. Exp.).

172 Annals of the South African Museum.
Fam. MEMBRACIDAE Germ.

Sub-fam. Membracinae (Stal) Fowler.

Div. OXYRHACHISARIA Dist.

Gen. OXYRHACHIS Germ.

1835. Germar, Silberm. Rev. Ent., i, p. 232.
1846. Fairmaire, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 267.
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 84.

1907. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind., iv, p. 3.

Polocentrus Buckton, Monogr. Memb., p. 253, 1903.
Ouranorthus Buckton, Tr. Linn. Soc. Lond., ix, p. 333, 1905.

Type.—O. tarandus Fabr.

O. tarandus Fabr. S.A.M.

1798. Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Suppl., p. 514 (Membracis).
1803. Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., p. 19 (Centrotus).

1835. Germar, Silberm. Rev., i, p. 232.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 84.

1907. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind., iv, p. 4.

rufus Buckton, Monogr. Memb., p. 254, t. lviu, fig. 2, a and b, 1903
(Polocentrus). ) ;
neuter Buckton, «zbid., fig. 3, 1903 (Polocentrus).
Hab.—Ovamboland—Omaramba (Eriksson).
Deutsch-Siidwestafrika (after Lindt).

Gen. XIPHISTES Stal.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, pp. 83 and 85.
1869. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 280.
1907. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind. Rhynch., iv, p. 8.

Type.—X. furcicornis Germ.

X. sulcicornis Thb. S.A.M.

1822. Thunberg, Hem. Rostr., cap. i, p. 4 (Centrotus).
1866) Stall) Hemp Mirersive pyc:
1900-11. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. i, p. 211, 1908.

parallela Walker, List Hom., 11, p. 508, 1851 (Oxyrhachis).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 173

pallidus Buckton, Monogr. Memb., p. 227, t. 1, fig. 5, 1903 (Daunus).
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).

Fam. CERCOPIDAE (Leach) Atkins.

Sub-fam. 1. Aphrophorinae (Stal) Dist.

Gen. Pooruiuus Stal.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 72.
1907. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind., iv, p. 86.
1913. Lallemand, Gen. Ins., fasc. 143, p. 28.

Type.—P. actuosus Stal.

P. adustus Walk. S.A.M.

1851. Walker, List Hom., i, p. 710.
1913. Lallemand, Gen. Ins., fasc. 143, p. 29, pl. 1, fig. 10a.

Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas (M. Exp.).

P. costalis Walk. S.A.M.

1851. Walker, List Hom., i, p. 707 (Ptyelus).

1862. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 493.

1907. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind., vol. iv, p. 86.

1908. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. ix, p. 222, pl. xxi, fig. la.

concolor Walker, List Hom., i, p. 715, 1851 (Ptyelus).
dolosus Walker, List Hom. Suppl., p. 189, 1858 (Ptyelus).

,» wstal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., p. 493, 1862.
ummutatus Walker, J. Linn. Soc. Zool. Lond., i, p. 96, 1857 (Ptyelus).
rotundatus Signoret, Thom. Arch. Ent., 11, p. 332, 1858 (Ptyelus).
natalensis Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 74, 1866.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).

Ovamboland—Namakunde, Mafa (M. Exp.).

P. terrenus Walk. S.A.M.

1851. Walker, List Hom., iu, p. 709 (Ptyelus).
1908. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. ix, p. 222, pl. xxi, fig. 4a.
umbrosus Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xii, p. 97, 1855 (Ptyelus).

a Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 74, 1866.
Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.).

174 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. Ciovia Stal.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, pp. 68 and 75.
1907. Distant, Fauna Brit. Ind., iv, p. 93.
1913. Lallemand, Gen. Ins., fase. 143, p. 42.

Type.—C. bigots Sign.

C. callafera Stal. S.A.M.

1856. Stal, Oefv. Vet. Ak. Forh., xii, p. 199 (Péyelus).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 77.

1903. Jacobi, Zool. Jahrb., 19, (6), p. 777, pl. xliv, fig. 15a.
1908. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. ix, p. 222, pl. xxu, fig. 7a.

planaris Walker, List Hom., Suppl., p. 190, 1858 (Ptyelus).
Hab.—Damaraland—Nuragas (M. Exp.).

CO. centralis Dist. S.A.M.

1908. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. ix, p. 223, pl. xxu, fig. 8a.
Hab.—Damaraland—Gaub (M. Exp.).

Gen. SEPULLIA Stal.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 79.
1913. Lallemand, Gen. Ins. Cercop., fasc. 143, p. 27.

Type.—S. murray Sign.

S. peregrina n. sp. S.A.M.
(Pl. VIII, figs. 6 and 6a.)

The body above brownish ochraceous, with a slight reddish tinge ;
the body below (as far as can be seen in carded specimens) brownish
ochraceous ; the metastethial regions, the bases of the spines and the
tarsi on the posterior legs more or less ochraceous; a small basal
spot on each side of the vertex, the eyes in part, the anterior lateral
margins on the face, the lateral regions of the head on each side below
the lobes of the vertex and the eyes, a large transverse fascia on each
side behind the eyes, the posterior lateral angles and some narrow,
interrupted, transverse, discal markings on the pronotum, the basal
parts, the basal half of the lateral margins and a transverse mark at
about the middle on the scutellum, the lateral pectoral regions below,
the fasciae on the anterior lateral surfaces on the femora, the posterior

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 175

lateral surfaces on the femora and tibiae, the irregular spots and the
apices of the spines on the posterior tibiae and tarsi black; tegmina
more or less ochraceous, with a spot opposite the bifurcation of the
longitudinal vein near the costal margin, and the apical areas slightly
paler, with the punctuations, the basal part on the clavus, the basal
costal region, an infusion near the base of the discal cell, a small
callous spot on the apex of the clavus, and another larger, oval, more
elevated one opposite the claval apex nearer the costal margin, the
longitudinal veins on the apical area, and a posterior intramarginal
line black ; head, pronotum, and scutellum sparsely, and the tegmina
densely punctuated.

The head about half as long as the pronotum, with the anterior
margin somewhat produced and convexly rounded ; rostrum extend-
ing slightly beyond the intermediate coxae ; pronotum broader than
long, discally slightly convex, with the anterior margin slightly pro-
duced and convexly rounded, with its posterior margin concave to
the scutellum; scutellum about as long as broad (or very slightly
longer than broad), discally slightly depressed, with its apex acute ;
tegmina with the costal margin slightly sinuate opposite the bifurca-
tion of the longitudinal veins, with the posterior margin rounded ;
posterior tibiae with two spines (a subbasal one and a strong, prominent
medial one).

Length (incl. tegm.) 33-4 mm.

Breadth acr. pron. 14-1? mm.

Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo (M. Exp.).

Sub-fam. 2. Cercopinae (Stal) Fowler.

Gen. Locris Stal.

1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, pp. 56 and 57.
1908. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. 1x, p. 227.
1913. Lallemand, Gen. Ins. Cercop., fasc. 143, p. 84.

Type.—L. rubra Fabr.

LT. areata Walk. S.A.M.

1851. Walker, List Hom., i, p. 675 (Monecphora).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 59.
19082) Distant, Ins; Prsvl) vol. ix, p. 228, pl. xx, fig. 19a.

Hab.—Ovamboland—Okavango R. and Omaramba (coll. Eriksson).

176 Annals of the South African Museum.

L. arithmetica Walk. S.A.M.

1851. Walker, List Hom., 1, p. 675 (Monecphora).
1866. Stal, Hem. Afr., iv, p. 58.

1908. Distant, Ins. Trsvl., vol. ix, p. 227, pl. xx, fig. 18a.
Hab.—Damaraland—Otjituo, Sandup, Namutoni, Waterberg (M.
Exp.), Omaruru (Seewald), Okahandja (Peters).

Ovamboland—Omaramba (coll. Eriksson).

L. concinna Dist. S.A.M.

1893. Distant, Ent. Month. Mag., xxix, p. 182.
Hab.—Damaraland (after Distant).
Ovamboland—Okavango R., Otjimbora (coll. Eriksson).

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 177

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

Puate I.
FIG.
1. Coptosoma rufiplaga n. sp.
2. Lactistes falcupes n. sp.
2a. a Pe Anterior tibia.
2b. 9 Dp Orifice of odoriferous giand.

3. Bolbocoris parmatus n. sp.

4. Veterna imitatrix n. sp.

5. Dismegistus rufomarginatus n. sp.
6. Cydnus hirsutus n. sp.

7. Aeliomorpha petulca n. sp.

8 ef semiviridis n. Sp.

9. Hysarcoris nigrupectus n. sp.

Puate II.

. Paraphlegyas pallidus n. gen. et n. sp.
. Uhlunga typica Dist. n. var. cornuta.
. Schizops otjumbora n. sp.
Cletus respersus n. sp.
. Homoeocerus tigrinus n. sp.

ee trabeatus n. sp.
Geocoris tenuatus n. sp.

WOOT R wD

Puate III.

1. Stenozygum sanguineiventris n. sp.

2. Cletus spicatus n. sp.

3. Agraphopus australis n. sp.

4. Blissus cornipes n. sp.

5. Paraphlegyas elegans n. gen. et n. sp.

6. Dermatinus tartareus Sta). Winged Q.

7. Migdilybs furcifer n. gen. et n. sp. Forma typica.

7a. a s Lateral view of head and pronotum,
8. Pamera pullata n. sp.

Puate IV.
1. Neolethaeus aethiopicus n. sp.
2. Paraphlegyas namakundensis n. sp.
3. Aderrhis pulla Berger.
DO CoO. 5, BS Anterior leg.
4. Mafa lanceolata n. gen. et n. sp.
5. Tinna serratifemora n. sp.
Oe» 35 ae Lateral view of head, pronotum, and anterior leg.
6. Oncocephalus clavipes n. sp.
7. Reduvius bitumineus n. sp.
VOL. Xt, PART 4. ss

178 Annals of the South African Museum.

PLaTE V.
FIG.”
1. Reduvius nigricephalus n. sp.
2. rasipodus n. sp.
3. Glymmatophora venustiterga n. sp.
4. Harapactor otjimbumbensis n. sp.

5. » pilipectus n. sp.
6. Igora repraesentatus n. gen. et n. sp.
Wy ap a Lateral view of head, pronotum, and

anterior leg.
7. Tritavus saxatilis n. gen. et n. sp.

7a. $3 53 Q genitalia.
7b. ae ae Eggs.
Puate VI.
1. Araneaster granulosa n. gen. et n. sp.
la.* a as 2 genitalia.
16, te Anterior coxa, showing nodular structure.

2. Itandela respersionis n. gen. et N. sp.

20 Ue Ns Face and clypeus.
3. Munza venusta n. sp.

4, Zouga apiana n. sp.

5. Abagazara omaruruensis n. sp.

Puate VII.
1. Metoponitys testudineus n. sp.
la. i Bs Tegmen, showing venation
2. Oliarus lactescens n. sp
3: » maculosus n. sp.
A. » limbifer n. sp.
5. » vergultivagus n. sp.
6. Inkewana fuscoirroratus n. gen. et n. sp.
6a. op op Face and clypeus.
7. Inxwala modesta Dist.
On Wars ES Face and clypeus.
TOs. ss es Right tegmen, showing venation.

8. Kusuma aethiopica n. sp.
9. Liburnia varia n. sp.

Puate VIII.
1. Imbalara squamifer n. gen. et n. sp.
la. 7 36 Face and clypeus. ;
2. Diazanus corwipennis n. gen. et n. sp.
2a. 33 “p Face and clypeus.
20) ates, 45 Right tegmen, showing venation.
3. Ikonza lawrencei n. gen. et n. sp. |
Bh op op Face.
3D 7 “ Left tegmen, showing venation.

* Jn Pl. VI, la is upside down, the top being ventral and the bottom dorsal.

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa.

FIG.
4. Hilda speciosa n. sp.

5. Scarpanta fulva n. sp.

5a. on be Left tegmen, showing venation.
6. Sepullia peregrina n. sp. 7
6a. - is Right tegmen.

7. Inburma manicata n. sp.
8. Cyarda truncata n. sp. Head, pronotum, and scutellum.
Sars, ae. Left tegmen.

9. ua ocreata n. Sp.
96. 4 4 Right tegmen.

179

180

A

Abagazara

abdominalis (Camma)

Acanthaspidinae

Acanthaspis

Acanthaspis

Acanthia .

Acanthocoris

Acanthomia

Acanthonabis subg.

acinorum (Agonoscelis)

Acrosternum

Aderrhis .

adustus (Poophilus)

aegyptus Se ae

Aelia ;

Aeliomorpha

Aeptini

Aeschyntelus :

aethiopica (Kusuma) .

aethiopicus (Neolethaeus)

Aethus

afer (Brachycerocoris)
», (Xylocoris)

affinis (Dalsira)

» (Stenotus)
africanus (Lethaeus) .
Afrius
Agonoscelis
Agraphopus
Agrioclopius subg.
alba (Anisops)
albicallus (Dysdercus).
albipennis (Geocoris) .

alboacuminatus (Aphanus)

albostriatus (Dieuches)
alienatum (Stenozygum)
Alphocoris :
Alydaria .

Alydinae .

Alydus

ambulator (Hydrometra)

os (Rhaphidosoma)

Amacosia .
Amorgius .
Amyoteinae
Anacanthocoris
Anacanthus
Analocus .
Ancyrocoris
Andocides

Annals of the South African Museum.

INDEX.

PAG
ook Angra : ; -
143 angulare (Stenozygum) 3 . 384
157 angustus (Nabis) : ; > 125
101 Anisops . ‘ . 136
108 annulipes (Dorycoris) ; » So

ae oe Annulipes (Oncocephalus) . . 94
eG annulus (Sphaerocoris) : 5 6
Anoplocnemis . : 5 . 44
ee Anorthus subg. . : 5 . | Om
3] Antestia . : : J) (3g
36 ANTHOCORIDAE ‘ : . Was
87 Aphanaria.. : : 81, 145
173 Aphaninae : : : ee
135 Aphanus . : : é - SE
40 Aphrophorinae . : , . Wis
25 apiana (Zouga) . : 2 . 142
18 apicalis (Anoplocnemis) : . 4¢
go | @picalis (Aphanus) . : . 8H
158 5 (Ubers) e : » 130
84 »» _ (Petalocnemis) ; . 49
14.15 | @picaris(Aphanus) . : . 82
"41 | Aplosterna { : ; . | ag
"139 | Appasus . s : 5 . 135
42, | &pproximata (Nezara) i - 36
129 | Aprepolestes subg... 4 . 116
93.-| Aptus subg. : : : . 125
39 | Aquarius . ; é » 92
91 | Araneaster (Reduviidae) : < ece
6] | areata (Locris) . ‘ A . , ite
116 | Argocoris . : A j : a
137 | agus (Sphaerocoris) . : : 6
gg | argus (Steganocerus) . é ‘ a
70 | Arhyssus subg. ; ‘ 2 og
g2 | arithmetica (Locris) . , - ie
83 | Armanus . : : . 63
99 | armipes (Dieuches) é : . | 2am
g | Artheneis subg. , F : | 6a
56 | Aselgeia . f : ; . 147
56 | Asoparia . : : : 2 eg
52, Bi, 58 | Asopinae . : ; . ioe
91 | Aspilaspis subg. ; : . 1a
115 | Aspongopus . : ; . AE
41 | Aspongopus eee . : . 4
136 | Astemma . ‘ : | os
39 | Atelocera . ; ; : « |, aie
46 | Atelocerus : B : . aii
46 | atropurpurea (Agonoscelis erosa
28 Vv) pe : - ot
25 | attenuatus (Paromius) : . 16
22

augur (Serinetha) : : . 268

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa.

Aulacosphodrus subg.

auriculatus (Homoeocerus) .

auritulus (Homoeocerus)

aurivilliianum (Coptosoma) .

australis (Agraphopus)
B

Baebius

Baebius subg.

Bagrada ;
bardanae (Aphanus)
barrettt (Kurystylus) .
basilicus (Phonergates)
basimacula (Munza) .
bella (Aeliomorpha)
bella (Eddara)
bellevoyei (Eurystylus)
bellula (Caesonia)
Belostoma
BELOSTOMATIDAE
Belostomum

Beosus

berylina (N ezara)
BERYTIDAE .
Bessida

bimaculata (Gonopsis)
binotata (Dymantis)
binotatus (Nysius)
binotulatus (Cletus)
bipunctata (Diploxys)
bisbipunctatus (Cletus)
bisbisignata (Edocla)

bispinulosum (Belostoma)

bitumineus (Reduvius)
Bleteogonus ne
Blissinae .

Blissus

Blissus

bohemantr (Anoplocnemis)

Bolbocoris
Brachycarenus
Brachycerocoris
Brachycranella . :
Brachysandalus subg.

brevicornis (Ischnodemus)

brevipes (Trigonotylus)
brevis (Platypleura) .
bronzeus (Dorycoris) .
Brotheolus

Brotheus

Caesonia .. ‘
caffer (Baebius)

» (Cletus)
caffer (Pelogonus)

» (Rhyparochromus)
caffer (Stenocephalus)
caffra (Nabis) i

» (Dictyophara) .

81,

82,

128
109
138
25
145
128
166
135
135
136
83
36
63
44
25
19
67
ol
25
51
107
136
102

166

134

126
148

181

PAGE
Callidea 6
callifera (Clovia) 174
Callimiris 131
Callisphodrus ges 110
Camma : : a lar
Canthecona 5 é ; St Ae)
capensis Kupododus) . : ES
capensis (Hurystylus) 3 Bs)
capensis (Homoeocerus) . 46
capensis (Migdilybs furcifer var. ) 78
capitata (Halydicoris) ; “feed
capsaria . : : : Sy
CAPSIDAE 127
capsiformis (Nabis) 125
Capsus 5 : 132
carbonarius (Coranus) 5 0
Carbula_ . : . 30
carinatum (Rhaphidosoma) 115
carinatus (Bolbocoris) ‘ Ah aes)
Caura : : , : seg wee
centralis (Clovia) . (ll
centralis (Scantius) . ; NOE Peto
Centrotus . : : 3 5 As
Cephalocteus . j : Bn oes
Cerataulax : : ; a ik
Ceratopachys . . : 45, 46
Ceriuis : : Bere 25)
CERCOPIDAE 173
Cercopinae : : 175
cerea (Platacantha) : : On
Chamthus ; 147
Charagochilus 130
Charitocoris ‘ 128
chinensis (Nezara) . : . 936
Chirillus subg. . : 2 Ge 20)
chloris (Nezara) j , SP ake
chlorocephala (Nezara) : os) xa)
Choerommatus . ‘ : RO)
Cicadas: 141
CICADIDAE 138
Cicadinae : : 138
ciliata (Angra) . é ; sie Lo
Cimex 126

Cimez: 5, 6, 19, 41, 57, 64, 65, 69, 87, 112

CIMICIDAE 126
cumicoides (Elasmoscelis) 158
cinctiventris (Nariscus) d oS
cinereus (Aphanus) . : Be te
circulare (Strongylodemas) 148
curcumcinctus (Dismegistus) . 384
circumvagans (Rhaphidosoma) 115
Cixiinae : : ; 150
Cixius ‘ : 150
clausnitzeri (Halys) : ; mea lly
Claudia . 3 ; rae)
clavimanus (Scantius) : By orl
clavipes (Oncocephalus) 1 29D
Cleptocoris subg. ‘ 111
Cleptria 114

Cletomorpha : Spies

182

PAGE
Cletus ; 51
CLINOCORIDAE 126
Clinocoris . 126
Clopophora subg. 108, 109
Clovia ‘ . (14
concoloripes (Phonergates) : 109
Coeloglossa 5
Coenomorpha 15
coenosus (Sphaerodema) 135
coerulea (Afrius) 39
Colliocoris 122
Colobatus . 59
Colobesthes 166
Colopoproctus subg. Al
concinna (Locris) 176
concinnus (Lygaeus) . 64.
concolor (Gampsocoris) 63
concolor (Poophilus) 173
confusa (Platymeris) . 109
consentaneus (Lygaeus) 64
consobrina (Taipinga) 145
conspicuus (Glypsus) . 40
consutus (Polycrates) 81
contaminatus (Lygaeus) . 2 WO:
convergens (Lygaeus furcatus
var.) : 5 64.
Coptoneurus 83
Coptosoma 3
coquereli (Corizus) 61
Coranidens subg. 116
Coranus 121
Coranusaria 121
cordofanus (Belostama) 136
COREIDAE : 44.
Coreinae . 44
Coreus é ; 52, 60
coriipennis (Diazanus) 163
Corisa 137
Coriscus 125
Cortxae 137
CORIXIDAE 137
Corizaria . 59
Corizinae . 59
Corizus : 59
cornicula (Monteira) : 159
cornipes (Blissus) 68
cornuta (Uhlunga ps var.) 20
Cosmolestes : 121
Cosmopleurus subg. 63
costalis (Poophilus) 173
Craspeduchus subg. 63
Craspedum 55
crassifemur (Mirperus) 57
Creontiades ‘ 127
cruciatus (Reduvius) 2,
crux (Ectrichodia) : 112
curticornis (Ischnodemus) . 68
curvipes (Anoplocnemis) 44
curvipes (Rhyparochromus) 81
Cyarda 166

Annals of the South African Museum.

Cyclogaster
Cydninae .
Cydnus
Cymus
Cyrtomenus

D

dallast (Haplosterna) .
Dalsira ; :
Dasynus subg. .
Daunus

decisa (Ulundia)
decoratula (Menida) .
decoratus (Cletus)
delegorguei (Aspongopus)
delegorguei (Haplosterna)
Delegorguella ,
Delphacinae

Delphax

denticollis (Tropicorypha) .
denticulatus (Baebius)
dentipes Go ee :
Derbinae :
Dermatinus

Dermatinus

Deroplax . :
desjardinsi (Phricodus)
deustus (Scantius)
Diazanus (Fulgoridae)
Dicephalus ;
Dichromerus subg.
dichrous (Ectomocoris)
Dicranomerus
Dictiophora
Dictyophara
Dictyopharinae
Dieuches .

Dinidorinae :
Dinocleptes ee

Diocles

Diphymus subg.
Diplonotus subg.
Diplonychus

Diploxys . :
disciventris (Harpactor)
Dismegistus .

divisa ‘((Platypleura)
Dolichomiris

dolosus (Poophilus)
Dorycoris

dreger (Callidea)

dubius (Plinachtus)
Duilius
duodecimpunctata (Callidea)
duodecumpunctata s
Durmia

Dybowskyia

Dymantis

Dysdercus

PAGE

173
166

169, 171

116, 120

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 183

BE PAGH PAGH
: Flataria . : : ; . 165
Ectomocoris . : j 2 L080 PEAT DAR < i ? 1G
Ketrichodia i 3 : pe UN aniston ; niles
Ectrichodia ° 0 ° - 112 | faveolus (Leptoxanthus) : Blas
Ketrichodiinae . . ° - Ill | favicornis (Petalocnemis) . . 49
Ectrichotes ° ; ; - 112 | favipennis (Ectomocoris) . ee tO)
Eddara_. ° : ° - 145 | favulus (Piezodorus) . : i aie)
Edessa. - 41 | forsteri (Scantius) . : 86, 87
Edocla_. ° “ 0 . 107 | foveata (Atelocera) . : 5 NG
Egropa . ; : : Lol Fulgora . : : . 148
Hioneus . ae 130 ee ORIN) ie elias
Elasmolomus subg. . ; ‘81, 82 Fulgorinae ; f as
Elasmoscelis ; . . 158 fuliginosa (Anoplocnemis) : sue
elegans (Lygaeus) - 65 | fulva (Scarpanta) . J GE
elegans (Paraphlegyas) : - 72 | turcatus (Lygaeus) . : . 64
elegans (Stenozygum) - 32 | furcifer (Migdilybs) . . Serre
elongatus (Volumnus) ° - 127 | furcifer (Solenosthedium) . ; 5
Elvisura . ; : : ° 4 | furcula (Liygaeus) : ; hy O4
Elvisuraria : ; ‘ ‘ EO) farva (Munza) . d : 180
Embolophora . . ° - 169 | fuscatus (Lygaeus) . : . 64
Emesinae ° : : - 93 | fusciceps (Reduvius) . : . 103
Encosternum . . : . 40 | fuscoirroratus (Inkewana) . . 154
Emcocephalus . . . - 90 fuscosparsus (Sciocoris) : rns
eques (Glymmatophora) . . 2 fuscosus (Dorycoris) . 6 aw
eulise) (Agonoscelis) . . . 31 | fusculus (Dieuches herero var.) ste
erotica (Cleptria) ° 0 - 114 | Pusius subs. . : 3 seve Bl
erythrocerus (Aspongopus) . oo 4d
erythrodera ( Glymmatophora) Se kl G
euchroma (Eddara) . . 145 50
Eulygaeus subg. ; : _ 63 | Galaesus subg. . : : Mri)
Humerus . ; ‘ ‘ ~ 109 | gambiae (Hotea) 2 ; ; u
Eupododus : E _ 17 | gambiensis (Agonoscelis) . : 2 1
Eurybrachydinae : _ 145 | Gampsocoris . : : a 3
Eurycyrtus : ; _ jag | Gelastophantia . ‘ : : 67
arrgprearoeaiis 3) a | A 1B) CC ea tee
Kurystylus ; : : So a : : ¢ : :
eae : : : _ 2g | CBEASIND AIS : ; : a
Kuthetis . ‘ : : . 86 | Gerrinae . j : : ;
eva (Nabis) ; : 196 | Gerrinaria : : : : a
examinans (Callidea) . ’ 6 eee ciesie : : : o
Kysarcoris ; : 6 5 + Pas) Gincontnn id es
Globocoris : : : 3
B gloriosum ( Stenozygum) : . oo
fabric (Riptortus) . 4 . 57 | Glymmatophora : 2 lal,
fabricii (Laccotrephes) : 134 | Glypsus . : ; : 5 als)
fairmairei (Lygaeus furcatus var. ) 64 | Gnistus . 5 ; : SeelON
falcata (Hotea) . : . ; 7 | Gonelytrum . . ; 4x)
falcipes (Lactistes) . : LZ Gonocerariay | : : > on)
fallax (Diploxys) 5 5 . 25 | Gonocerus , : : Sua)
farinator (Holotrichius) . . LO7 | Gonopsis . : : 5 so ae
fasciata (Dalsira) : : . 42 | Gonopsis . : Soy, 2)
fasciaticollis (Stenotus) : . 129 | gracilis (Anoplocnemis) : oy aD
fasciatus (Phricodus) . ‘ oe hy ~ ((Coulzue)) ; : 60
fatidicus (Delegorguella) . Oe meraciliss(Raromius) : Oa
femoralis (Glymmatophora nata- grandis (Graptostethus) . 2 166
lensis var.) . : . 113 | granulosus (Araneaster) . . 100
fenestrata (Platypleura) ‘ . 141 | Graphosomataria . ‘ : 9
festivus (Lygaeus) . : . 64 | Graphosomatinae : : ; 9
fimbriatus (Dismegistus) . . 84 | Griptolomus subg. . : » o

op (Pendulinus) . . 50 ! Graptopeltus subg. . : fst

184 Annals of the South African Museum.

Graptosphodrus subg.
Graptostethus -
grassator (Lopodytes)
grossa (Nepa)

grossus (Laccotrephes)

guttatipennis (Platymeris) .

Gyndes subg.
Gynenica .

H

Haemactus subg.
haematica (Serinetha)
Haemobaphus subg.
hageni (Henicotettix)
Halocapsus

Halonabis subg.
Halydicoris

Halyini

Halyomorpha

Halys

Haplosterna
Harpactor

Harpactor
Harpactoraria
Harpactorinae .
Harpactorini
Harpiscus subg.
hebraica (Bagrada)
Hegelochus
hemichloris (Nezara)
HENICOCEPHALIDAE
Henicocephalus
Henicotettix
Henschiella

herero (Dieuches)
Heteromaria .
HETEROPETRA
heteropus (Anoplocnemis)
Heterotominae .
hieroglyphica (Corixus)
hilaris (Bagrada)
Hilda

hirsutus (Cydnus)
Holoptilinae
Holoptilus
Holotrichius
Holotrichius
Homoeoceraria .
Homoeocerus
HOMOPTERA
Hoplistocelis subg.
Hotea ; . ‘
hottentottus (Oliarus)
humeralis (Gonopsis) .
hyalinus (Corizus)
Hydrometra
Hydrometra 5
HYDROMETRIDAE
hydrometrinae .
Hygrotrechus subg.

120, 122

1G,

102,

PAGH
120
66
116
134
134
109
79
30

120
62
63

145

132°

125
22

PAGE
Hymenocoris 90
Hymenodectes 90
Hypertolmus subg. 116
Hypselopus 59
Hypselopus 58, 59
hystrix (Phricodus) i
I
Igora (Reduviidae) 122
Ikonza (Fulgoridae) 159
illota (Deroplax) ; 8
Imbalara (Fulgoridae) 155
imitatrix (Veterna) 23
ummaculatus (Coreus) 52
ammutatus (Poophilus) 173
umpluviatus (Steganocerus) . 5
impressicollis (Cydnus) 15
incomptus (Graptostethus) . 66
indicum (Belostoma) . 136
indicus (Cydnus) 15
indicus (Pelogonus) 134
indutus (Alphocoris) 8
infuscata (Agonoscelis) 3l
Inkewana (Fulgoridae) 154
inornatus (Nemausus) 58
insignis (Aphanus) 82
insignis (Monomatapa) 142
Intandela Cte: 148
Inxwala 157
irrorata (Elvisura) 5
Ischnodemus 67
Ischnotarsus 82
Issinae 159
LIsthmia 161
J
jaculus (Mirperus) : oO
japetus Peres viduatus
Was) 42
jucunda (Bagrada) 34
jucundus (Paropioxys) 146
K
Klinophilos : 126
koenigu (Dysdercus) . 88
Koraciocapsus 129
Kusuma . 158
L
Laccocorinae 134
Laccocoris 134
Laccotrephes 134
lactescens (Oliarus) 150
Lactistes . 12
Lamphrius subg. ‘ 116
Lamprotrechus subg. . 92
Lamus 40
lanarius (Eurystylus) 128

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa.

lanceolata (Mafa)
lapponicus ,(Geocoris)
Lasiocera .
Lasiomerus subg.
lateralis (Serinetha)
laticlavia (Munza)
latreillec (Tongorma) .
lautipennis (Cydnus) .
lautipes (Liburnia)
lawrencei (Ikonza)
lectularia (Cimex)
lectularius (Cimex)
leii (Nezara)
lentigunosa (Atelocera)
lentiginosa (Dalsira) .
Leptoceraea
Leptocoris
Leptoxanthus
Lestomerus
Lethaeus
Lethocerus
leucopoecilus (Euthetis)
leucostictus (Euthetis)
Liburnia .
Inbyssa
libyssa (Anoplocnemis)
lilligerum (Solenosthedium)
limbata (EKdocla)
limbifer (Dermatinus)
eS (Oliarus)
limigenus (Laccocoris)
Limnobates :
Limnogonus subg.
Limnometra subg.
Limnoporus subg.
Limnotrechus subg.
linea (Rhaphidosoma)
linearis (Dolichomiris)
» (Ischnodemus)
» (Mecidea)
Liolobus subg.
Lnrorhyssus subg.
Liphaemus subg.
Inssonyctus subg.
Intocoris
Intosoma .
Lochus
Locris ;
longipennis (Nabis)
longula (Dolichomiris)
longulus (Lygaeus)
Lophopinae
Lopodytes
Loricerus

Lucinda subg.
Lugardia :
lugubris (Pirates)
luridus (Sphaerodema)
lutea (Platacantha)

PAGE
89
70
92

125
62
138
35
15
169
160
126
126
36

91, 115

ill, 112
lubberti (Munza laticlavia var. yee

185
PAGE
luteipennis (Gnistus) . 101
lutescens (Belostoma) 136
lutulenta (Durmia) 30
Lyctocorinae 133
Lygaearia 3 63
LYGAEIDAE . 63
Lygaeinae 63
Lygaeodon : 63
Lygaeomorphus . 62
Lygaeosoma 63
Lygaeus : ; SOS
Lygaeus 44, 57, 60, 66, 67, 82, 87
Lygocoris 129
Lygus : 129
lymphata (Antestia) 37
M
macilentus (Lygaeus) 65
Macrosandalus . 110
Macroparius subg. : ne sO,
macroquadimaculatus (Ectomo-
coris quadrimaculatus var.) 110
maculata (Antestia) 37
maculosus (Oliarus) 152
madagascariensis (Mirperus) 57
Mafa (Tingididae) 88
magnicornis (Homoeocerus) 46
M akua : 129
Mallocoris subg. ; 69
manicata (Liburnia) . 170
Mardania 108
marginatus (Pelogonus) 133
marginelia (Afrius) 39
marginella (Carbula) 30
(Gynenica) 30
Mecidea 21
megacephalus (Geocoris) 69
Megacoelum : 129
Melanacanthus subg. . 57
Melandiscus subg. 81
Melanerythrus subg. 63
Melanocoryphus subg. 63
Melanolamprus subg. 57
Melanopleurus subg. . 63
melanopterus (Aspongopus) 4]
Melanospilus subg. 63
Melanostethus subg. 63
Melanotrichus 132
Meloza . 59
MEMBRACIDAE 172
Membracinae 172
Membracis 172
mendicus (Elasmolomus) 82
Menida ; 38
Metacanthinae . 63
Metacanthus 63
Methocus 82
Metonymia 42
Metoponitys 146
Micronecta 138

186 Annals of the South African Museum.

Microporus

Micropus . :
Microsandaius subg. .
Microspilus subg.
Microtomidens subg. .
Mictaria

Mictis ‘ .
Migdilybs (Lygaeidae)
militaris (Lygaeus)
mimica (Lugardia)
Mimicus .

miniatus (Vitumnus sc scenicus var. )

Minodia .

Miraria

MIRIDAE

Mirinae

Mirperus . ;
mitrata (Monanthia) :
modesta (Inxwala)
monachus (Aspongopus)
Monanthia ‘
Monecphora

Monomatapa

Monteira . :

mucidus (Coranus)
multipunctatus (Steganocerus)
mundulus (Rhyparochromus)
mundus (Kupododus)
Munza

musivum (Stenozygum)
Myodocharia ;
Myrocheini

N

Nabicula subg. .
Nabidinae

nabiformis (Pacyhmerus)
Nabis

nabizordes (Plociomerus)
namakundensis (Paraphlegyas)
namaquensis (Teracrius)
nanula (Anisops)

nanus (Sphedanolestes)
Naphius subg.

Nariscus .

nasutus (Henicocephalus)
natalensis (Anisops)
natalensis (Atelocera)

5% (Corizus)
natalensis (Deroplax)
natalensis (Glymmatophora)
natalensis (Harpactor)

(
5 (Poophilus)
(

i Rhyparochromus)
Natalicola : :
Natalicolaria
natator (Sphaerodema)
NAUCORIDAE
necopitanus (Geocoris

phalus var.) .

megace-

Nemausus

Neolethaeus

Neovarus

Nepa

Nephesaria

NEPIDAE

nepoides (Sphaerodema)
Nersia 4 :
Nervinops :

nervosa (Coenomorpha)
Nesiotes subg.
Neurodederrhis .

neurosticta (Platypleura)
neuter (Oxyrhachis)
Nevroscia .

Nezara

Nezara .

Niculda subg.

Niesthra

nigricephalus (Reduvius)
nigricornis (Homoeocerus) .
nigripectus (EKysarcoris)
nigripes (Glymmatophora) .
nigrofasciatus (Dysdercus) .
nigromaculatus (Aphanus)
nigroquadristrigatus (Stenotus)
niloticum (Belostoma) :
Nithecus subg.

Nitilia :

nivea (Anisops) .
Nogodiniaria

Nogodinini

notatipennis (Atelocera)
notatus (Cletus)

Notonecta .
NOTONECTIDAE
Notonectinae .

nubilus (Aspongopus)
nyasana (Cletus)

Nysius

Nysius subg.

O

obscura (Acanthaspis)
obscura (Deroplax)
obscuricollis (Reduvius) .
obscuricornis (Bolbocoris) .
ocellatus (Sphaerocoris)
ochraceus (Cletus)
Ochrimnus subg.
Ochrostomus subg.

Ochthera

Ochtherus .

ocreata (Cyarda)

oculata (Cleptria)

oculata (Munza)
Odontoparia subg.
Odontopus

Odontotarsaria .

Oliarus

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 187

Olympiocapsus i.

omaruruensis (Abagazara) :

Oncanchenius subg.
Oncocephalus
Oncylocotis
Ophthalmicus

Opinus

Oplistopus

Opsicoetus :
orbicularis (Eupododus)
orbis (Nezara)

Oreada

ornatus ( Graptostethus) )
Ornytus

Orsillaria .

Orthaea subg.
Ortholomus subg.
Orthops

Orthotylus

osiris (lygus) . :
otjimbora (Schizops) .

otjimbumbensis (Harpactor)

otjosonduensis (Munza)
Ouranorthus

Oxypleura subg.
Oxypryma

Oxyrhachis
Oxyrhachisaria .

P

Pachygronthinae
Pachylops
Pachymerus 3
paganus (Rhyparochromus)
pallescens (Munza)

(Piezodorus)
pallida (Rhaphidosoma)

pallidicornis (Trigonotylus)

pallidus (Daunus) :
pallidus (Natalicola) .
3 (Paraphlegyas)
Pamera :
pandurus (Lygaeus)
Pantiliodes
Pantoleistes
Paracalocoris
paradoxus (Pephricus)
parallela (Oxyrhachis)
Paramecocoris

Paraphlegyas (Lygaeidae)

parmatus (Bolbocoris)
Parnisaria

Paromius .
Paropioxys

parviceps (Coranus)
patruele (Belostoma) .
patruelis (Hilda) ;
patruelis (Platypleura)
pavoninus (Dorycoris)
pedestris (Aphanus)

PAGE
128
143
116

94

} 90
69, 70
102
SO
102, 105
: 18
36

106

67

46

67

79

67

129
131
130
43
116
139
2
141

4

Wa
Nee,

gil
132

76, 81, 82

76
139
38
115
131
173

Pewrates
Peliochrous

Pellaea subg. .
PELOGONIDAE
Pelogoninae
Pelogonus
Peltagopus
Pendulinaria
Pendulinus
penicillata (Munza)
Pentatoma

PEN TATOMIDAE
Pentatominae
Pentatomini
Pephricus :
peregrina (Sepullia)

peringueyt ( Poecilopsaltria)

perornatus (Dorycoris)
perosus (Cydnus)
perpulcher (Anisops) .
Petalocnemis :
Petascelaria
Petascelis

petulca (Aeliomorpha)
phaeopterus (Geocoris)
Phenice

Philonus .
Phonergates
Phorcinus subg.
Phricodus

Phylinae .
Phyllocephala
Phyllocephalinae
Phyllomorpha

phyllomorpha (Tongorma)

Phyllomorpharia
Phyllomorphus .
Phymatocoris
Phymatogonia
Physomeraria
Physorrhynchus

picta (Bagrada)

pictiventris (Glypsus) .
pictula (Coptosama) .
pictus (Cosmolestes) .

» (Graptostethus)

picus (Dieuches herero var.)

Prestostethus
Piezostethus
Piezodora subg.
Piezodorus ‘
pilipectus (Harpactor)
pilosicollis (Corizus)
Piocoris subg.
Pirates

Pirates

Piratinae .
plagiata (Plonisa)
plana (Dymantis)
planaris (Clovia)

PAGE
110
60
36
133
133
133
4]

Wit T3U2.

188

planitiae (Lygaeus)
Platacantha
Plataspidinae
Platymeris

Platymeris

Platymerus
Platypleura
Platypleura :
plicaticollis (Nezara) .
Plinachtus

Plociomera
Plociomerus

Plonisa

Plynus subg.

Pododus
Poecilopsaltria subg.
Poecilopsaltria .
Polididusaria
Polocentrus

Polycrates
Polyneuraria
Poophilus

prasina (Nezara)
Pretorius . : 3
princeps (Pantoleistes)
Prismatocerus
Probergrothius .
Proboscidocoris
productus (Anisops)
proletarius (‘Tenosius)
propinqua( Nezara)
proxima (Nezara) ;
proximus (Rhyparochromus)
pruinosum (Belostoma)
prunasis (Nezara)
Pseudophana
Pseudophloeinae
Psyttala

Piyelus

puberula (Agonoscelis)
pubescens (Agonoscelis)
pugionata (Veterna) .
pugnax (Cletus)

pulla (Aderrhis)
pullata (pamera)
punctarvus (Sphaerocoris)
punctaticollis (Proboscidocoris)
puncticornis (Corizus)
punctipennis (Cephalocteus)
purpurea (Canthecona)
purpureus (Afrius)
purus (Piezodorus)
pusillus ie
Putala

putoni (Liygus) .
Byena ae

pygmoea (Munza)
Pyrrhobaphus subg. .
PYRRHOCORIDAE
Pyrrhocorinae

PAGE
64
37

172
80
138
173
36
19
5 eal
45, 46
85
130
137
58
36
36
76
136
36
147
sY9)
2 MOY
Be, WIE:
dl
31
24
52
87
79
6
130
60
12
39
39
38
a2
148
130
142
138
66
85

85

Annals of the South African Museum.

PAGB
Pyrrhocoris 86, 87
Pyrrhotes . eee
Q
quadrimaculata (Edocla) 107
quadrimaculatus (Ectomocoris) 110
quadrisignata (Hdocla) 108
quadrisignata (Trichedocla) 108
R
Ragliodes subg. 81
Raglius subg. 81
ragusae (Dieuches) 83
ramulifera (Aselgeia) . 147
rapax (Harpactor) 119
Rasahus 110
rasipodus (Reduvius) 105
reducta (Munza) 138
REDUVIIDAE 92
Reduviini 101
Reduviolus 125
Reduvius . 101
Reduvius . ie ie, 119, 120, 121
remipes (Petascelis) 45
repraesentatus (Igora) 123
respersionis (Intandela) 149

respersus (Cletus) : : Paes)

reutert (Acanthaspis) . 108
reuterianus (Acanthaspis) 108
rhadamanthus (Platymeris) 109
Rhapidosoma 115
Rhaphidosomaria 115
Rhaphidosomini 115
Rhaphigaster 36
Rhinicoris subg. 116
Rhinocoris 120
Rhopalus . 59, 60
Rhynocoris subg. 116
Rhyparochromaria 80
Rhyparochromus 76, ie 82
Rhypodes subg. 67
RICANIIDAE 162
Ricaniinae 162
Ricaniinaria 162
Ricaniini 162
Riptortus : 57
rochetii (Dictyophara) 148
rostrata (Agonoscelis) 31
rotundatus (Poophilus) 173

ruficornis var. tenuis (Trigono-
tylus)

rufiplaga (Coptosoma) 3

rufiventris (Caura) 24
rufomarginatus (Dismegistus) 35
rufoplagiatus (Charitocoris) 128

rufus (Bolbocoris) ; ;

rufus (Bolbocoris) . : Seal
», (Oxyrhachis)

rugifer (Homoeocerus)

Contributions to a Knowledge of the Fauna of South-West Africa. 189

Salda

Salyavatinae

sanguineiventris (Stenozygum)
sanguineonotatus (Charitocoris) .
sardea (Anisops)

sartor (Aspongopus) .

saundersi (Liygaeus)

saxatilis (Tritavus)

Scantius
Scarpanta

scenicus (Vitumnus) .

Schizops .

schoutedeni (Glymmatophora)
Sciultzei (Edocla) :

schocorini
Sciocoris .

sculpturata (Xerobia)
scurrilis (Menida)
scutellaris (Corizus)

bs (Geocoris) .

Bi (Micronecta)
Scutelleraria
Scutellerinae
segmentarius (Harpactor)
sehestedi (Solenosthedium) .

Selizaria .

semitransparens (Munza laticlavi

var.)

semiviridis (Aeliomorpha) .
senegalense (Stenozygum) .
septus ee)

Sepullia

Serenthiaria

Sergia
Serinetha .

Serinetharia

serratifemora (Tinna)

servus (Graptostethus)
severini (Platypleura)
sexpunctatus (Probergrothius)

Sigara

Sit GARIDAE

signorett (Callide2) :
signorett (Glymmatophora) .
simplex (Platypleura)
simulans (Aeliomorpha)
‘smaragdula (Nezara) .
sobrina (Platypleura)
Solenosthedium

sordidatus (Nemausus)
speciosa (Hilda)

sphactes subg.
Sphaerocoraria .
Sphaerocoris

Sphaerodema
Sphedanolestes .

Sphenaspis

Sphodrocoris
Sphydrinus
spicatus (Cletus)

. PAGE

69
wi
32
129
137
42
64
98
87
165
122
42
113
107
a
18
8
38
60
70
138

Spilalonius

Spilodermus subg.
Spilostethus subg.
spiniger (Lopodytes)
spinipes (Lygaeus)
spinosus (Nariscus)
spinulosa (Petalocnemis)
sptrans (Nezara)
splendens (Glymmatophora)
Spongopodium .
squamiter (Imbalara)
Stalagmostethus subg.
stalv (Corizus)

stali (Elasmocelis)
Stalia subg.
Steganocerus
Stenocephalaria
Stenocephalus

Stenocoris

Stenonabis subg.

Stenopoda

Stenopodinae

Stenotoma
Stenotus .

Stenozygum .
| stictica (Atelocera)
Stictoplewrus

Stollia
Strachia

Stromatocoris
Strongylodemas :
strumosus (Phymatocoris) ,
subconcolor (Antes#ia)
subfasciata (Hotea) 3 ;
submetallica (Glymmatophora) . 113
subsericea (Nezara) 2 :
subvittata (Dymantis)
sulcicornis (Xiphistes)
superstitiosus (Dysdercus) .
sutor (Aspongopus)
swakopensis (Gerris) .

Syromastes

Systelloderus

tabescens ( yak 2

Tagus
Taipinga .
Tancredus

Taphuraria

tarandus (Oxyrhachis)

tarsatus (Reduvius)

tartareus (Dermatinus)
A (Lethaeus) .

techowi (Choerommatus)
6 (Platypleura divisa var.) 141

tellinii (Creontiades) . :

Telmessus

Tenagogonus subg.

Tenosius .

PAGE
94.

Vil

63

116

64

59

49

36

113

4]

5 LES
63, 64, 65
60

158
125

190 Annals of the South African Museum.

tenuatus (Geocoris)

tenuis (Duilius)

tenuis (Trigonotylus) .
Teracrius .

Teressa : .
termitarum (Lethaeus)
terrenus (Poophilus) .
Tessaratominae
testudinarius (Telmessus) .
testudineus (Metoponitys) .
testudo-grisea (Sphaerocoris)
Tetratoma é :
Tetroxia

Tetyra

Tetyraria .

Teucrus .

Thanatodictya subg.
Thanatodictya

Theraptus subg.

tibialis (Dolichomiris)
tibialis (Pretorius)
Tibiciniae :

tigrinus (Homoeocerus)
Tingidaria :
TINGIDIDAE .

Tingitinae

Tinna

Thponius ‘ : :
tomentosicollis Cras
Tongorma :

torquata (Nezara viridula vat. )
trabeatus (Homoeocerus)
transvaaliensis (Putala)
transversalis (Platacantha) .
Trichedocla

tricolor (Bolbocoris) :
trifenestratus (Kctomocoris)
Trigonotylus

Trigonotylus subg.
triguttatus (Kctomocoris)
trimeni (Munza)

Triopsis

tripunctigera (Nezara)
tristiculus (Hegelochus)
Tritavus (Reduviidae)
Tropicorypha .
Tropidothorax subg.
Tropiduchinae . ;
truncatypennis (Dermatinus)
truncata (Cyarda)

truncatus (Corizus)

Tupalus

turgidifemur (Rhyparochromus)
Tylonca ; ;
Tynotoma 4

typica (Uhlunga)

U

Uhlunga
Ulundia

166

PAGE
umbrosus (Poophilus) : . 73
Umslopogas ‘ : : 4 AS
unicolor (Nezara) : . 36
V
validipes (Nariscus) . : «| 58
varia (Anisops) . A 3 | Si
varia (Liburnia) : ; « lal
variabilis (Nezara) . : ~ 36
variegata (Antestia) . : scion
variegatus (Corizus) . ; 2 1160
variolosus (Bolbocoris) 5 sys wlal
varium (Stenozygum) : . 34
Varus : : : ‘ 2) AO?
Velinaria : “ wl
ventralis (Delegorguella) ; a a)
ventriosus (Homoeocerus) . . 48
venusta (Munza) : 39
venustiterga (Glymmatophora) . | ES
versicolor (Agonoscelis) ‘ o droll
Veterna . ‘ : ‘ Be 24
vicina (Hotea) . : 4 : 7
viduatus (Aspongopus) : «0 All
violentus (Harpactor) : lZ0
virgultivagus (Oliarus) : . 153
viridicatus (Coriza) . fe 4668
viridipunctata (Brachycranella) ye lsy4
viridis (Brotheolus) . : « = 06
viridis (Nezara) ‘ : «oy co
viridissima (Nezara) . ; m3 )0)
viridula (Nezara) ; ; 3) 36
viridulus (Cletus) : ‘ “0 OG
vitrea (Pycna) . 142
vitreomaculata (Platy pleura fene-
strata var.) . : . 141
vittaticeps (Andocides) 5 yee
vitticollis (Liburnia) . ‘ -spaleaal
vittipennis (Edcola) . : oo Od
vittiventris (Delegoruella) . Bere)
Vitumnus ‘ ‘ : oz
Volumnus : : . Bae 47)

vulpes (Holoptilus) . ; 02,

».¢
Xanthochilus subg. . : Perc.
Xerobia . ; ‘ : ‘ 8
Xiphistes . b : : «2
Xylocoris , g : . 133
ny.

yolofa (Pentatoma) . , re, ow)

Zosius subg. : : se ltG
Zulaimena : : . +) 2g
Zouga : : : 5 . 142

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The Annals of the South African Museum wil be isoued at irregular interes
as matier for pubes 18 avaiable. oe ee ee as

Sore aids be. obtained from— er Ni. s ies
Messrs. WHELDON & WESLEY, Lro., gee ee een ee
2, 3, and 4 ARTHUR STREET, NEw Oxrorp. Souzen, Loxvos, wa &
The LIBRARIAN, Sours Arrican Muszum, ee ro :

Sen Pg. ” 2 aed tes pee

the Formicidae of South Africa. By
ILD, , D. eos A.R.G. Ss, # E. ee Curator of the

ae ‘Conrayy, Ottawa, Canada. (With Plates 1X, X.) - a

SUED FEBRUARY 1926. PRICH 83.

1926

(191 )

2.—A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. By GEORGE
ARNOLD, D.Sc., A.R.C.S., F.E.S., Curator of the Rhodesia

Museum, Bulawayo.

(With 23 Text-figures.)

APPENDIX.

SEVERAL additions to our list have been made since the publication
of the Monograph composing Vol. XIV of these Annals. There are
also a few minor corrections and some misprints in the first two parts
which need rectification. In the following pages these addenda and
corrigenda will be arranged in their proper order according to the
pagination and the sequence of the Tribes.

I have recently had the whole of the Haviland collection, now in
the Natal Museum, submitted to me for examination by Dr. E.
Warren, Director of that Museum. The collection is preserved in
spirits and contains specimens (paratypes) of most of the species which
were sent to Dr. Forel for determination. An examination of this
material has brought to light a few novelties, and has enabled me
to add further remarks on some of Forel’s species.

PONERINAE.
TrinE CERAPACHYINI.

CERAPACHYS PERINGUEYI, Emery, var. LATIUSCULA.

Also found at George, Knysna district, (Brauns).

CrerapacHys ARNOLDI, Forel.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 50, p. 211, 9, 1914.

8, 3-5 mm. Colour similar to that of Perungueyr, but a little paler
and more reddish; the tarsi dark ochreous, the antennae yellowish
brown (not ferruginous as in Peringueyz), the club ochreous. Smooth |
and shining. Puncturation like that of Peringueyz on the head and
thorax, but the punctures smaller and shallower. The puncturation
of the petiole and abdomen much more sparse and more feeble than

WOle LOUn, IIR) A | 13

192 Annals of the South African Museum.

in Peringueyi; the petiole more strongly punctured than the Ist
abdominal segment, the latter only slightly more strongly punctured
than the rest of the abdomen. The scapes more strongly punctured
than in Peringueyi. Pilosity shorter and less abundant than in
Peringueyt. Head slightly longer than wide, relatively narrower
behind than in Peringueyi, with the sides more convex, the posterior
angles much more prominent, and the posterior margin more deeply
emarginate. The vertex of the head is more convex. The scape is
longer, extending to, or a little beyond the middle of the head;
2nd—9th joints of the flagellum twice as wide as long (less than twice
in Peringueyt). The ventral lamella produced in its anterior half, the
projection ending in a sharp angle or tooth behind (in Peringueyr the
posterior end of the projection forms a wide and obtuse angle).

Habitat——-? Cape Province. (Ex 8.A.M. coll.)

(S.A.M., G.A. colls.)

Var. HEwIrTTI, n. var.

8,3 mm. Colour as in Peringueyr. Similar to the type of Arnoldi
but smaller, and differing from it in the following characters. . The
hairs on the body are more abundant, especially on the petiole and
abdomen. The thorax is shorter, the head (measured from the apex
of the clypeus to the occipital margin) being a little longer than the
thorax (measured from anterior margin to the brow of the declivity) ;
in the type, the thorax is slightly longer than the head. The 1st
segment of the abdomen is nearly as wide in front as behind (distinctly
narrower in front than behind in the type).

Grahamstown, (Hewitt). Type in my collection.

C. Ropertt, Forel.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 50, p. 212, 3, 1914.

8, 3:5 mm. Castaneous red. Smooth and shining. Head and
abdomen very finely and sparsely punctured. Thorax and petiole
more coarsely and more closely punctured; a median longitudinal
area on the thorax almost impunctate. Puilosity yellowish, thin,
short, and scanty, becoming almost a pubescence in parts. Head
one-fifth longer than wide, widest in the middle, the sides distinctly
convex, the hind margin concave, the posterior angles rounded but
very prominent, curved outwards and continued underneath the
hind margin of the head as prominent elongate lobes or carinae.
Mandibles oblong, as wide at the base as at the masticatory margin,

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 193

which is feebly concave. Frontal carinae close together and short.
Genal carinae very distinct. Eyes composed of a single facet, placed
in the middle of the sides. Antennae 12-jointed; antennal fossae
deep. The scape extends back beyond the middle of the head, the
2nd—9th joints of the flagellum are wider than long, the 10th as long
as wide, the apical joint fairly narrow, very little more than twice as
long as wide, as long as the 7th-10th together. Promesonotal suture
distinct ; the pronotum in front, and the declivity of the epinotum
sharply marginate. Pronotum as long as wide, one-quarter shorter
than the rest of the thorax. The latter is narrowed behind the pro-
mesonotal suture, widens out again at about the posterior fourth, and
thence narrowed again towards the brow of the declivity, which is
nearly vertical. The anterior face of the petiole is vertical and has
its sides marginate. The petiole is moderately convex above and
behind, feebly so at the sides, a little longer than wide, as wide in front
as behind; the ventral lamella produced at its base into a large,
rectangular and semitransparent lobe. The Ist abdominal segment
is two-fifths wider than the petiole, a little wider at the apical margin
than at the base, distinctly longer than wide, narrower than the 2nd
segment, the ventral portion projecting forwards at the base. Second
segment a little longer than wide.

Allied to wroughtont but much larger, the promesonotal suture
much deeper, the posterior angles of the head more prominent.

The key to the species of the 88 of Cerapachys, should be altered

as follows.

(4) 1. EKyes absent or composed of a single facet ; reddish yellow species.
(1b) la. Larger species, 3-5 mm.; posterior angles of the head very prominent
and curved distinctly outwards. : : , Roberti, Forel.
(la) 1b. Smaller species, less than 3 mm.; posterior angles of the head less
prominent, not markedly curved outwards.

(7) 8. Body castaneous brown, not very shining, more closely punctured,
pubescence and pilosity rather abundant.
(10) 9. 2nd—9th joints of the flagellum twice as wide as long; projection of
ventral lamella of petiole ending in an acute angle behind.
Arnoldi, Forel.
(9) 10. 2nd-9th joints of the flagellum less than twice as wide as long ;
projection of ventral lamella ending in an obtuse angle behind.
Peringueyi, Emery.

PHYRACACES COXALIS, n. Sp.

8, 28 mm. Black; mandibles, antennae, bases and apices of the
femora, tibiae and tarsi brownish yellow, the middle of all the tibiae

194 Annals of the South African Museum.

somewhat darker. Petiole and 1st abdominal segment moderately,
the rest of the body very shining. Pilosity whitish, short, decumbent
and very sparse on the head and thorax, more abundant on the
petiole and abdomen, the apical half of the latter with longer and
exserted hairs. Antennae and tarsi sparsely pubescent. Posterior
half of the head and all the thorax sparsely punctured ; the punctures
on the thorax fairly coarse, larger than those on the head. Dorsal
face of the petiole and the Ist abdominal segment fairly closely
punctate and coriaceous, the posterior fifth of the latter more sparsely
punctured. Basal half of the 2nd abdominal segment finely and
evenly punctured. Scape and flagellum finely punctured, mandibles
edentate, sparsely and rather coarsely punctured. A patch between
the eyes and antennal sockets very finely coria-

ss ceous. The rest smooth and impunctate.
Head subquadrate, one-seventh longer than wide,
ie the sides and posterior margin very feebly convex,
the posterior angles widely rounded. Clypeus and
frontal carinae as in P. Coopert, Arnold. The genal
,4--, angles in front of the eyes more acute and directed
coxa. more upwards than in that species. The scapes are
much more abruptly incrassate than in Cooperi and
are hardly three times as long as their greatest
width, barely extending back as far as the hind
margin of the eyes. First joint of flagellum as long
as wide, the 2nd-8th much wider than long, the 9th
one-third wider than long, the last joint half as long
again as the 10th. The eyes occupy one-fourth of the sides of the
head and are placed just in front of the middle. Dorsum of thorax
sharply margined in front and behind, narrowed gradually towards
the anterior third, thence ampliated and widest at the posterior third ;
about three-fifths longer than wide. The thorax is convex lengthwise
and rises gradually from front to back. The declivity is very smooth
and shining, steep, feebly margined at the sides. Petiole not quite
one-third wider than long, anterior and lateral faces vertical, the
anterior also concave transversely, the posterior face convex from
above to below and vertical. The dorsal face is moderately convex,
sharply marginate at the sides (which are feebly arcuate), and
moderately marginate and concave in front; the posterior angles
end in blunt teeth which are about as long as their basal width The
ventral lamella of the petiole is produced in front into a large tri-
angular tooth. Abdomen deeply constricted between the Ist and 2nd

Fie. 69.
P. coxalis, n. sp.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 195

segments. The Ist is narrowest at the base, a trifle wider than
long, and half as long again as the petiole, its sides convex. The
2nd segment is slightly wider and longer than the Ist, and a little
longer than wide. The coxae of the posterior pair of legs bear behind,
internally, a lamelliform and bluntly triangular process, which is as
high as it is wide at the base. This structure is also visible in Coopers,
but in that species it 1s thicker and relatively shorter.

Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8.R. Several $$ taken running about on
sandy soil andin hot sunshine. Quite distinct from and much smaller
than P. Cooper: and P. Braunsv.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

Trine PLATYTHYREINI.

PLATYTHYREA SCHULTZEI, Forel. Also taken at the Victoria
Falls and Bulawayo.

3, (hitherto undescribed), 8mm. Black; mandibles, legs and scapes
reddish ochreous; flagellum reddish brown; the first two joints and
apices of the remaining joints paler. Sculpture and pubescence as in
the &, but the punctures are very shining and larger, particularly on
the lst abdominal segment; the punctures on the dorsum of the
epinotum and on the petiole very large and deep. Head subcircular,
about as wide as long, widest across the eyes, the posterior margin
straight. Mandibles large, triangular, acute at the apex. LHyes large,
oblique, occupying more than half the sides of the head. Antennae
filiform, thick, extending back to the brow of the declivity of the
epinotum ; the scape short, not reaching the lateral margin of the
head, about as long as the 2nd joint of the flagellum; the Ist joint
wider than long, very short, hardly one-third the length of the 2nd
joint, all the remaining joints at least twice as long as wide. Frontal
carinae parallel, well developed, almost reaching back to the level of
the posterior margin of the eyes. Ocellinot large, convex. Pronotum
convex in front ; mesonotum rather convex lengthwise, a little wider
than long; scutellum rounded posteriorly, well above the level
of the epinotum. Metanotum pointed or tuberculate in the middle.
Dorsum of epinotum widest at the base, three times wider at the base
than it is long in the middle, much wider than long; the declivity
vertical, concave from above to below, the margins sharply defined.
Petiole similar to that of the %, but more convex above and a little
narrower in front; the posterior margin only feebly tuberculate at
the lateral angles, not dentate as in the ¢. The ventral lamella is

196 Annals of the South African Museum.

produced at the extreme base into a long, thin spine, pointing down-
wards and blunt at the apex. Abdominal constriction fairly strong ;
the lst segment as long as the 2nd. Wings with the nervures and
stigma pale brown, the apical half smoky.

Bulawayo, taken with the 8%. In my collection.

PLATYTHYREA MocqQueErysi, Emery, var. MATOPOENSIS, Arnold.

3, (hitherto undescribed),6mm. Black; antennae and legs reddish
brown, the tarsi paler, mandibles dark castaneous. Sculpture and
pubescence as in the 9, but the punctures are larger and deeper,
especially on the epinotum and abdomen ; the epinotum is also finely
coriaceous. Head subquadrate, slightly narrowed behind, the
posterior margin straight, the sides feebly convex, the posterior angles
rounded. LHyes large, occupying the anterior half of the sides of the
head; ocelli small. Mandibles large, triangular, the masticatory
margin feebly denticulate. Anterior margin of clypeus convex.
Frontal carinae slightly divergent behind, not reaching the level of
the middle of the eyes, not so distinct as in Schultzer. Antennae
filiform, extending back to about the middle of the mesonotum ;
scape short, very little longer than the 2nd joint of the flagellum ; the
1st joint as long as wide and half as long as the 2nd, the remaining
joints all about one and a half times as long as wide. Pronotum three
times as wide as long, widest behind; the promesonotal suture
arcuate. Mesonotum a little wider than long, the anterior Mayrian
furrows fairly distinct (very feeble in Schultzer). Dorsum of epinotum
about two and a half times as wide across the base as it is long in the
middle. It has a median longitudinal sulcus or row of punctures, and
the posterior angles are prominent and subdentate; the declivity is
vertical, submarginate at the sides. Seen from above, the junction
of the two faces forms a sharp and concave edge. The petiole is
shorter than in the §, little more than one-quarter longer than wide,
distinctly narrower in front than behind, convex above and at the sides,
the anterior face vertical, rounded above at its junction with the
dorsal surface. The ventral lamella of the petiole produced in front
into a rounded and more or less triangular projection. First ab-
dominal segment one-third shorter than the 2nd, (as long as the 2nd
in Schultzer). Inner margin of posterior coxae subdentate.

Essexvale, 8S. Rhodesia; taken at light. Although not captured
in company with the §%, it is undoubtedly referable to this species on
account of its general structure, sculpture and size. In my collection.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 197

PLATYTHYREA ARNOLDI, Forel.

©, (hitherto undescribed), 13 mm. Sides of pronotum a little
straighter than in the §, but the segment is as large and of the same
shape as in the 9. Mesonotum one-fourth wider than long; the
scutellum (excluding the paraptera) pentagonal. Dorsum of epinotum
one-third wider at the base than long, very little wider there than at the
apex ; less abundantly punctured than in the 8. Wings dark brown,
rather short, (anterior wing 7 mm. long), nervures and stigma almost
black. Otherwise exactly like the §.

3S, (hitherto undescribed), 10-10°5 mm. Head a trifle wider than
long; a little narrower in front of the eyes than behind them, the
posterior margin feebly convex. The eyes occupy a little more than
the middle third of the sides. Clypeusasinthe 8. Mandibles bright
ferruginous, subopaque, the apex subacute, the masticatory margin
edentate and concave. The scapes are three times as long as the 1st
joint of the flagellum. Pronotum three and a half times wider than
long in the middle. Mesonotum nearly as long as wide, sparsely but
strongly punctured in the middle. Scutellum very convex trans-
versely, as high as the mesonotum and much higher than the dorsum
of the epinotum. The latter and the petiole are very strongly and
abundantly punctured, much more so than in the § and 9. The
dorsum of the epinotum is more narrowed towards the apex than in
the 2, unarmed, but with the apical margin slightly raised. Petiole a
little shorter than in the 2 or 8. Wings almost hyaline in the basal
half, fuscous brown in. the apical half, the nervures pale brown, the
stigma black. Otherwise like the 9.

Hillside, Bulawayo, 9 and g, with 3%; also taken at Victoria Falls.
In both instances the nest resembled the one found at Shiloh, being
surrounded exclusively with the remains of beetles. Types of 2 and 3
in my collection.

Tris—E PROCERATIINI (pp. 159 and 33).
GENus DiscorHyrEa, Roger
D. ocutata, Emery.
Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 45, p. 52, %, 9, g, 1901.

“3 and 9. Dark ferruginous, dull, mandibles, antennae, tarsi and
abdomen paler ; densely punctured with numerous and not deep little
pits; covered with a velvety whitish pubescence; a small and
oblique hair exserted from each puncture, larger than those of the

198 Annals of the South African Museum.

pubescence, but hardly longer. Mandibles finely denticulate; the
clypeus, fused with the frontal carinae, forms a subrectangular lobe in
front ; the frontal carinae are longer than half the head, and together
form a projection which is flat on top, with abrupt margins ; it starts
in an acute angle in front, widens towards the third of its length, and
then narrows and gradually descends posteriorly. Hyes fairly large,
with large convex facets (at least 30 in the $). Ocelli present in the 9.
Antennae 9-jointed. Thorax without sutures in the §, the epinotum
obtusely angulated on each side of the brow of the declivity, the latter
concave. In the 9, the angles of the epinotum are more prominent.
Petiole hemispherical, the posterior face of which is feebly concave
and opposed to the lst abdominal segment,’ but only about half its
surface is articulated to that segment. First abdominal segment as
long as the thorax; separated by a well-marked constriction from
the 2nd segment, which is shorter; the remaining segments very
narrow. Wings yellowish with pale nervures. $ 2-5 mm.,?3 mm.

3, 25 mm. Black, dull, sculpture as in the 9; mandibles, scapes
and legs brown, flagellum, tibiae and tarsi whitish ; genital armature
yellowish ; wings colourless, with very pale nervures. Head globose,
mandibles triangular, well developed ; clypeus, as in the %, fused with
the frontal carinae which are united to form a single median carina.
Antennae 13-jointed ; scape as long as the three following joints taken
together, 2nd joint very short, globose, the following joints longer than
wide. Thorax short, rounded. Petiole as in the 9, Ist abdominal
segment not much larger than the 2nd, the abdomen less abruptly
anteflexed below than in the . Subgenital plate simple ; cerci well
developed; genital armature only partly retractile, stipes large.
Wings with 1 closed cubital cell, the 2nd hardly indicated, no recurrent
nervure.

Cameroons (Conradt).”’

This species has to be added to our list on the evidence of a 9, taken
by myself in the Rain Forest, Victoria Falls, which agrees in every
particular with the above description except the puncturation. The
punctures in this specimen may be described as deep, being nearly as
deep as they are wide. In my collection.

D. TRAEGAORDHI, Santschi.

Goteborgs K. Vetensk. och Vitterh. Handl., vol. 15, 2, p. 3, 3, 1914.

“315mm. Testaceous red, upper surface of head and thorax and
anterior half of abdomen brownish. Mandibles, antennae and tarsi
testaceous yellow. Third to 7th joints of antennae slightly brownish.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 18)

Pubescence very fine and abundant. Erect pilose hairs absent; dull.
Densely and finely punctured. Head distinctly longer than wide,
narrowed in front, the posterior margin rounded, the sides nearly
straight. Hye composed of 5 or 6 facets, placed in the anterior third
of the sides. Antennae with 8 (9) joints, the 5th and 6th fused
together. The scape, dilated at the apex, reaches the middle of the
head ; 2nd and 3rd joints of flagellum twice as wide as long, indistinct,
the following joints increasingly wider. The last joint very large,
ovoid, about two-thirds longer than wide. Frontal carinae completely
fused into a single foliaceous plate, forming a raised triangular lobe,
with the summit rounded in profile, and not extending beyond the
anterior third of the head. Anterior margin of the clypeus transverse
in its median fourth. Mandibles punctured, feebly denticulate behind,
with a concave masticatory margin which ends in front in a strong
triangular tooth. Thorax raised, feebly convex, dorsal surface flat,
submarginate and without sutures. Declivity truncate, marginate
and subdentate. Petiole about three times as wide as long, rounded
above, very convex in front, with a large tooth below.”
Pietermaritzburg, Natal (Traegaordh).

TrisE PONERINI.

CENTROMYRMEX CONSTANCIAE, Arnold.

In the opinion of Dr. Forel, to whom I sent specimens of this species,
the name must be sunk as a synonym of C. sellaris, Mayr, (Ent.
Tidskr., p. 230, 1896). On the other hand, Dr. Santschi is of the
opinion that the forms are distinct. Not having seen the type of
sellaris, I am unable to pronounce any opinion on the subject
myself. |

Recently Dr. Santschi described as a new species (C. Arnoldi, Rev.
Zool. Afr. 6, p. 229, 1919) some specimens of Constanciae which I had
collected in the Amatongas Forest, P.E.A. In a later paper he
admits that it is at the best only a slight variety of Constanciae.
(Ann. 8. H. Belg., vol. 60, p. 8, 1920.) For my part, I fail to detect any
difference between these specimens and the type of Constanciae. The
3 of the latter has been briefly described by Santschi under the name
of Arnoldi. The following is a more detailed description.

3, (hitherto undescribed), 5-5-3 mm. Black; the base of the abdom-
inal segments narrowly dark brown, legs brown, tarsi pale yellowish
brown, antennae brown and becoming brownish yellow towards the
apex, the lst joint of the flagellum brownish yellow; shining. Legs

200 Annals of the South African Museum.

and antennae pubescent, the pubescence on the latter decumbent and
shorter than on the legs. Whole body clothed with a short, erect,
coarse, and black pilosity, intermixed here and there with some longer
and finer hairs ; on the abdomen the coarser pilosity is less abundant.

Head coarsely punctured on the vertex and frons, also finely striate,
transversely so above, more or less longitudinally on the clypeus.
Pronotum closely and finely punctured, the mesonotum more closely
punctured, the punctures becoming larger and deeper towards the
posterior margin, also finely and transversely rugose in the middle
over its posterior third. Scutellum longitudinally striolate. Hpino-
tum and petiole smooth, abdomen sparsely and finely punctured.
Head, seen from above, a little more than twice as wide as long; seen
from in front, transversely oval and about one-fourth wider than high ;
seen from the side, thicker anteriorly. The eyes occupy the anterior
half of the sides. Mandibles elongate triangular, small, not meeting
when closed. Clypeus trapezoidal, as long as wide in front, the
anterior margin straight. The scapes are barely one-fourth longer
than wide, two-fifths longer than the 1st joint of the flagellum, which
is barely longer than wide, all the remaining joints longer than wide,
the 3rd—7th joints subequal. Ocelli not raised.

Pronotum narrowly exposed above, slightly flattened and horizontal
at its posterior margin. Mesonotum as long as wide, not very convex,
longitudinally impressed in the middle over its posterior half, the forks
of the Mayrian furrows distinct only in front. Scutellum gibbous,
triangular, rounded behind. Dorsum of epinotum convex trans-
versely, slightly so and oblique lengthwise, twice as wide as long,
merging by a short curve into the longer and vertical declivity. Petiole
like that of the 8, but wider, its dorsal edge much shorter, (7.e., thinner
above), armed below with a sharp spine as in the $. Abdomen three
times longer than wide, widest behind the middle. Wings smoky,
strongly iridescent, nervures and stigma dark brown; 2 cubital,
1 discoidal and a closed radial cell present.

Amatongas Forest, P.H.A.

Nesting in the decayed wood of a fallen tree, a fairly large colony,
consisting of about 5 dozen $8 and as many gd.

STREBLOGNATHUS AETHIOPICUS, Smith.

Also taken at Port Elizabeth and Grahamstown, (Brauns) ; Durban,
(Marley) ; Maletsumgane Falls, Basutoland, (R. M. Sloley).

Page 54, line 11, for “ genus ” read sub-genus.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 201

PACHYCONDYLA STRIGULOSA, Emery.
Also taken in Natal, (Wroughton and Haviland).

PACHYCONDYLA GRANOSA, Roger.

Also taken at Victoria Falls, (Peringuey) ; Knysna, Cape Prov.,
(Brauns).

3, (hitherto undescribed), 12mm. Head and scutellum black, pro-
mesonotum ferruginous, the rest of the body and the legs and antennae
ochreous. Pilosity yellowish, very sparse, absent from the thorax.
Pubescence yellowish, short, decumbent and fairly abundant all over.
Head moderately shining between the eyes and sparsely punctured, dull
and coriaceous posteriorly. The body shining, very superficially rugu-
lose on the mesonotum and epinotum, exceedingly finely and sparsely
punctured elsewhere, the metanotum dull and rugoso-punctate.

Head two and a half times wider than long, one-third longer than
high, the eyes very large and occupying the anterior two-thirds of
the sides. Clypeus carinate in the middle. Mandibles small and
dull. The scapes are about twice as long as the Ist joint of the
flagellum, which is one-fourth longer than wide. The apex of the
antenna reaches back as far as the base of the 2nd abdominal segment.
Pronotum very narrowly exposed above. Mesonotum very convex
transversely and lengthwise, about one-third wider than long.
Scutellum convex and gibbous, higher than the mesonotum, sub-
triangular when seen from above, the sides subvertical. Dorsum of
epinotum as long as the subvertical declivity ; the junction of the two
faces widely angular, the apex of the angle rounded. Petiole as long
as high, a trifle widened posteriorly, two-thirds as long again as wide ;
the dorsal face convex, the anterior and posterior faces subvertical,
feebly convex from side to side; the anterior face twice as long as the
posterior. Abdomen elongate, narrow at the base, widened gradually
towards the posterior third, thence narrowed again to the apex.
Wings slightly smoky, nervures yellowish brown, stigma brown.

Majuba Nek, Cape Prov., taken with the 88, (Hewitt). Type in my
collection.

PACHYCONDYLA (ECTOMOMYRMEX) BRUNOI, Forel.

2, (hitherto undescribed), 5-3 mm. Pronotum two and a third
times wider than long, its anterior face steeper thanin the $. Dorsum
of epinotum long, as long as the pronotum, twice as wide at its base
as long; the declivity vertical, longer than the dorsum. Petiole
wider and thinner above than in the 8. Otherwise similar to the 8.

202 Annals of the South African Museum.

PACHYCONDYLA KRUEGERI, Forel, race astna, Santschi.

Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 56, p. 153, 3, 1912.

This race has been recorded by Santschi as occurring in Natal,
(leg. Traegaordh).

It differs from the type of the species in having the dorsal profile
of the thorax less arched, the dorsal surface of the node flatter, the
2nd abdominal segment wider, wider than long, and the abdominal
constriction stronger.

EUPONERA CAFFRARIA, Smith.

Port Elizabeth, Lichtenburg—Transvaal, Bothaville—Orange Free
State, but not occurring at Willowmore, (Brauns).

EUPONERA HAVILANDI, Forel, and PErincury1, Kmery

In my remarks on the first of these two species, I pointed out that if
the unknown ¢ of Peringueyi should eventually prove to be similar to
that of Havilandt, it might be necessary to separate those two species
from the rest of the genus Huponera, under the subgenus Hagensia,
or to re-erect that as a distinct genus. Prof. Emery has expressed the
opinion, (7 lett.), with which I agree, that the presence of toothed claws
in the § and ¢ should be sufficient grounds for such separation. It is
true that the § of Haviland: resembles that of caffraria, e.g. in the
possession of the spined pygidium and closed radial cell, but the
structure of the claws in both sexes, the shape of the petiole in the 4,
and the marginate pronotum, the mandibular fovea and the large size
of the %% of both species, justify the erection of a genus distinct from
Kuponera. These two species are therefore to be placed under the new
genus Hagensia, characterised as follows :—

Genus HAGENSIA, Forel (Arnold emend.).

é Characters.

83. Claws with a distinct tooth. Middle and hind tibiae with two
calcaria, the outer small, the inner large and pectinate. Mandibles
with the masticatory margin long, beset with alternatingly large
and small teeth, and with a transverse or oblique elongate fovea near
the base. Cheeks without carinae. Scape cylindrical. Thoracic
sutures distinct. Pronotum margined laterally. Node of petiole
truncate behind, the junction of the anterior and posterior faces
forming a sharp edge. Abdomen truncate at the base and sloping
forwards; the lst segment with a distinct tooth below at the base.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 203

$. Antennae 13-jointed, long and filiform ; the scape short, shorter
than the 3rd joint of the flagellum, the 1st joint shorter than the scape.
Mandibles edentate, oblong and very small. Frontal carinae obsolete.
Pronotum very little exposed above; Mayrian furrows not defined.
Epinotum very bluntly bituberculate. Petiole long, much longer
than wide, the node feeble. Pygidium spined. Middle and hind
tibiae with two calcaria. Claws with a small tooth. Radial cell
closed.

Type of genus, HAGENSIA HAVILAND! Forel.

The key to the genera on page 37 should be altered as follows.
(11) 10. Claws with a $§ single tooth.

(10b) 10a. Pronotum not margined : . : Megaponera, Mayr.
(10a) 10b. Pronotum margined : : : : : Hagensia, Forel.
3d

(4) 7. Scape considerably shorter than the 2nd joint of the flagellum.
(7b) 7a. Claws toothed : : : A : : Hagensia, Forel.

(7a) 7b. Claws simple.

On page 69 I pointed out that the Natal forms differed from those
taken at King William’s Town. The examination of further material,
including specimens which were taken at Durban and which agree
entirely with Forel’s description, has enabled me to clear up the con-
fusion and to recognise the existence of two races of the type species.

Hacensia Havitanpi, Forel, race GODFREYI, n. r.

8, 13 mm. Larger than the type of the species from Natal.
Moderately shining all over; very finely and evenly punctured,
the spaces between the punctures smooth, not reticulate and sha-
greened as in the type of the species. Mandibles smooth and shining,
the fovea near the base much deeper and wider. The longitudinal
depression at the summit of the declivity of the epinotum is much
deeper and ends more abruptly. The declivity is also narrower than
in the type of the species. The sides of the head are more convex,
and the head is shorter or only one-eighth to one-ninth longer than
wide (one-fifth in the type of the species). Otherwise like the type of
the species. Pirie, King William’s Town, (Rev. R. Godfrey) ; Grahams-
town, (Hewitt and Cherry). Type of in my collection. Type of 3
in the §.A.M. coll.; this is the g described on pp. 68-69.

HaGensiA HaviLaAnpi, race MARLEYI, n. r.

8, 13:6 mm. This differs from both the type of the species and race
Godfreyt by its more robust build and by its sculpture, which consists

204 Annals of the South African Museum.

of a very dense, regular, microscopic, and reticulate puncturation on
the head, and thorax, similar but less dense on the abdomen. The
latter has a sparse and very shallow puncturation superimposed.
The whole body, excepting the base of the abdomen, is entirely dull.
Pubescence much finer and shorter than in the type species, forming
only a microscopic down. Mandibles as in the type of the species,
but with the foveae deeper and more transverse in direction. The
anterior margin of the clypeus lacks the obtuse angle or tubercle which
is present in the type, and the suture which separates the clypeus from
the rest of the head is shining and deeply impressed (shallow in the
type of the species). The frontal carinae are not elongated behind
like an eyebrow as in the type of the species. The frontal sulcus is
much deeper and ends abruptly in front and behind. The pronotum
is widest in front, and wider than in the type species, very sharply
marginate all round, the margin projecting slightly over the vertical
sides. Mesonotum wider than long (about as long as wide in the type).
Dorsum of epinotum wider and flatter, the declivity more sharply
margined, very little higher than wide below (nearly two-thirds higher
than wide below in the type), not longitudinally impressed at its
summit. The posterior face of the scale lacks the slight tubercle
below the apex which is present in the type of the species.
Eshowe, Zululand, (H. B. Marley). Type in my collection.

HuPpoNnERA WrovuGHTonNI, Forel.

2, (hitherto undescribed), 7 mm. Sculpture as in the %, but a little
stronger on the abdomen. The yellowish pubescence is much more
abundant. The mesonotum is almost flat above; the dorsum of the
epinotum short and oblique, its junction with the declivity rounded ;
the declivity vertical in its lower half, slanting forwards in its upper
half. Petiole like that of the 8, but wider and much thinner above.
Wings brownish yellow, nervures and stigma dark brown. Otherwise
like the 8. .

Estcourt, Natal, (R. C. Wroughton). In my collection.

PONERA DULCIS, Forel.
Page 82, four lines from the bottom of the page, § should be altered to 9.

PONERA SULCATINASIS, Santschi.
Géteborgs K. Vetens. och Vitterh. Handl., vol. 15, 2, p. 4, 8, 9, 1914.
“8, 3-5-3°8 mm. Black, mandibles, antennae, tarsi and anus testa-
ceous red; dull. Upper surface of pronotum, petiole and Ist

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 205

abdominal segment slightly shining. Densely and finely punctured.
An abundant whitish pubescence all over. A few fine, erect, pilose
hairs round the mouth and on the abdomen. Head one-sixth longer
than wide, sides fairly convex, the posterior angles a little rounded,
posterior margin straight, distinctly wider behind than in front. Hyes
composed of 3-5 facets, placed at the anterior third of the sides of the
head. Anterior border of clypeus emarginate at the sides, in the
middle produced into a blunt angle, with a strong median carina
which is longitudinally impressed along its anterior third, appearing
almost bicarinate. Mandibles subopaque, microscopically punctured ;
also with a few large piliferous punctures, armed with 11 teeth, the
posterior ones smaller. The scape is thicker than in coarctata Latr.,
and extends beyond the occipital margin; 3rd-10th joints of the
flagellum distinctly wider than long. The profile of the thorax is
evenly and feebly convex from front to back. The sutures well
defined but not deep. Pronotum feebly marginate. The dorsum
and declivity of epinotum subequal, their junction forming a blunt
angle; the dorsum narrow, very convex transversely, the declivity
margined. Scale of petiole twice as wide as long, rounded from front
to back above; the anterior and posterior faces flat and subvertical, (a
little thicker below than at the top), without distinct margins. It is
a little higher than the thorax and abdomen, and bears below a com-
pressed projection. First abdominal segment higher and wider than
long, narrower in front than behind, and longer than the 2nd.

2,3°9 mm. Anterior margin of the pronotum, scutellum and meta-
notum testaceousred. The scutellum and metanotum much smoother
and more shining than the rest of the sculpture, which, like the colour,
is similar to that of the §. The thorax is higher and stouter than in
coarctata. The dorsum of the epinotum is one-third the length of the
declivity. The scale of the petiole is thinner above, the anterior face
slightly more oblique, otherwise as in the &.”’

Richmond, Natal, (Traegaordh).

Race DURBANENSIS, Forel.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 50, p. 213, 8, 1914.
“%,3mm. Much smaller than the type of the species. The scale
is lower and thicker. The lst abdominal segment is vertically truncate
at the base, forming an abrupt angle with the upper surface, instead of
a curve asin the type. The abdominal constriction is also stronger,
and the angle between the two faces of the epinotum more abrupt.
The scape does not reach the occipital margin, being short of it by

206 Annals of the South African Museum.

one and a half times its thickness. . . . The mesoepinotal suture is
deeper. The puncturation is a little more feeble and sparse on the body,
which, like the head, is shining. The pubescence is weaker. Brown;
mandibles, legs, apex of abdomen and petiole brownish yellow.”

Q, (hitherto undescribed), 4 mm. Body entirely black; mandibles,
antennae, tibiae, tarsi and articulations of the legs dark ferruginous.
Head very slightly shining, the rest of the body shining. Otherwise
like the type of the species.

Durban, (Arnold, Marley); under stones in moist places. (R.M.,
G.A., colls.)

PoneERA SPEI, Forel, race DEVoTA, Santschi.
IO. Cli, > Do

“33-3 mm. Testaceous red; upper surface of head and middle of
the abdomen browned ; tarsi a little paler. Dull; sides of abdomen
subopaque. Densely and finely punctured; sides of meso- and
metasternum longitudinally striate. A downy, yellowish pubescence,
fairly long, is present all over, but does not hide the sculpture ; it is
divergent on the frons, from a line which reaches the occiput. Pilosity
fairly abundant on the abdomen, scanty elsewhere. Head rectangular,
as wide in front as behind, the posterior margin straight, the sides
fairly convex. The eyes have 4 or 5 colourless facets, and are placed
in the anterior fourth of the head. Clypeus produced in the middle,
the sides feebly emarginate; the blunt carina is feebly impressed
anteriorly (much less clearly than in sulcatenasis). The scape extends
beyond the occipital margin by about a third of its thickness; 7th,
8th and 9th joints of flagellum a little longer than wide. Mandibles
with 5 teeth in front and 6 smaller teeth behind. Smooth, shining,
with a few scattered punctures. Profile of thorax a little convex,
thoracic sutures distinct, the mesoepinotal slightly impressed.
Dorsum of epinotum a little longer than the declivity, joining it by a
rounded angle, convex transversely ; the declivity margined. Scale
of petiole twice as wide as long, rounded above, distinctly convex
transversely in front, with the two faces vertical and not margined,
hardly as high as the epinotum or Ist abdominal segment. The latter
as high as long, and a little shorter than the 2nd. Richmond, Natal.
(Traegaordh.) ”

Var. SANCTA, Forel.
GGG, Cling (0, ALS, ©.

8, 3-4-3-5 mm. Dark yellowish red, the legs paler. Very similar
to the type, but the body is shining and the puncturation scantier.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 207

The eyes are smaller and placed farther forwards. The declivity of
the epinotumisaslongasthedorsum. 7th—10th joints of the flagellum
a little wider than long.

Durban, (Arnold). (S.A.M., R.M., G.A., colls.)

PONERA TRAEGAORDHI, Santschi.
ID WG; Cllr, oe Gy Oe

“$, 2-1 mm. Testaceous yellow. Frons and abdomen rusty red.
Mandibles, antennae and tarsi of a hghter yellow. Shining. Head
densely and finely punctured, subopaque. Piligerous puncturation
finer on the thorax and petiole than on the abdomen. Pubescence
short, not abundant and not hiding the sculpture, somewhat erect on
the thorax. Pilosity scanty, absent from the legs. Head rectangular,
the sides subparallel, occipital margin straight, nearly one-quarter
longer than wide. Hyes indistinct, reduced to a small spot on the
anterior fourth of the head. Clypeal carina rounded, especially in
front ; anterior margin of clypeus arcuate. ‘The scape does not reach
the occipital margin, being short of it by a length equal to its thickness ;
3rd—10th joints of the flagellum distinctly wider than long. Mandibles
smooth, shining, sparsely punctured, with 9 or 10 teeth. Profile of
thorax evenly and moderately convex from front to back; pro-
mesonotal suture distinct. Declivity of epinotum flat, distinctly
margined. Pronotum with moderately distinct shoulders. Scale of
petiole two and a half times wider than long, the summit transversely
convex in front, feebly concave behind, nearly as thick above as
below. The summit has a slightly convex surface, distinctly de-
_ limited from the anterior and posterior faces, as high as the Ist
abdominal segment. The latter is higher and wider than long, shorter
than the 2nd segment.” ~

Pietermaritzburg (‘Traegaordh).

PoNERA DULCIS, Forel, var. uNcTA, Santschi.
Loc cit, p. 1, 2.

“3, 2-5 mm. Reddish yellow. Mandibles, antennae, tarsi, petiole
and anus yellow. Very shining. Puncturation more sparse than in
the type, the pronotum below finely reticulate. Pubescence a little
feebler. The head is a little wider, the sides more convex; the
scape extends a little beyond the straight occipital margin. The
flagellum is longer. Clypeus more elongate, strongly carinate, and
very distinctly defined posteriorly. Mandibles smooth, shining, very
finely and sparsely punctured, the masticatory margin with 3 little

WO. SOIL RATT De 14

208 Annals of the South African Museum.

teeth in front and about a dozen denticulations behind. The single-
faceted eyes are very distinct, and placed in front of the anterior
fourth of the head. Promesonotum slightly more convex than in
the type, but less than in coarctata, race boerorum, Forel. Epinotum as
in the type species. Scale of petiole a little thicker below, and rather
convex in front, but the summit is as thin as in dulcis, 1. sp., and its
margin is slightly rounded transversely. The Ist abdominal segment
is shorter. Otherwise similar to the type.”
Dukudu, Zululand. (Traegaordh) ; in moss.

PoONERA COARCTATA, Latr., race NATALENSIS, Santschi.
Loc. cit., p. 7, 8.

“3, 2-7 mm. Testaceous red, with a brown spot on the middle of
the frons. Mandibles, antennae, tarsi and anus yellowish. Slightly
shining, especially the angles of the head and the sides of the body.
A little more finely punctured than coarctata, especially on the sides
of the thorax where the puncturation is very scattered ; a few longi-
tudinal striae on the sides of the metasternum. The yellowish
pubescence is more abundant but shorter than in coarctata. Erect
pilosity moderately abundant on the body, especially the abdomen,
absent from the legs (except a few hairs above the calcar). Head
nearly one-quarter longer than wide, rectangular, the sides feebly
convex, the posterior margin straight. Hyes composed of a single
pigmented facet, placed in the anterior fourth of the sides of the head.
The frontal sulcus reaches the middle of the head. Clypeus shorter
than in coarctata, subtruncate in front, with a median and very blunt
carina, which is not impressed anteriorly. The scape, relatively
thick, almost reaches the occipital margin; 2nd—10th joints of the.
flagellum wider than long. Mandibles smooth, finely reticulate at
the base, with a few piligerous punctures, and with 7 or 8 teeth, the
last three very small. Thorax low and elongate, the dorsal profile
feebly and regularly convex. Dorsum of the epinotum a little longer
than the declivity, the junction of the two forming a very gradual
curve. Thoracic sutures distinct. Scale twice as wide as long,
strongly convex transversely in front, its summit feebly rounded and
as large as its base; anterior and posterior faces vertical, sub-
marginate in front; ventral lamella produced in front. Differs from
the race boerorum by its shorter mandibles, the slightly longer scapes,
the less deep mesoepinotal suture, the thicker scale and the colour.”

Richmond, Natal (Traegaordh).

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa, 209

PLECTROCTENA MINOR, Emery, race CONJUGATA, Santschi.
Loe. ctt., p, 8, &.

This must be sunk to a synonym of P. mandibularis, Smith. An
examination of a specimen sent to me by the author shows that
it does not differ from the small variety of mandibularis, which is found
in the coastal regions of the eastern part of the Cape Province. The
species becomes progressively larger the farther it is from the coast,
and a complete transitional series can be found from the smallest
(Durban, etc.) to the largest or typical mandibularis, such as is found
in Rhodesia.

It is, therefore, also open to doubt whether the species mznor,
Hmery, should be considered valid.

Trine LEPTOGENYINI.
LEPTOGENYS MAXILLOSA, Smith.
Bulawayo.

LEPTOGENYS INTERMEDIA, Hmery.
Rend. Acc. Sc. Bologna, p. 32, 3, 1901-2.

6, 4:3 mm. Black; legs dark brown, mandibles, flagellum, tarsi
and apex of abdomen ferruginous, the articulations of the legs, and
the base of all the femora and tibiae paler. Smooth and very shining,
almost impunctate. A very fine, short and sparse pubescence on the
head, thorax, petiole, and legs, the pubescence on the abdomen a little
longer ; a few pilose hairs on the clypeus. Head as wide in front as
behind, or only very little wider, the posterior margin convex. Very
similar to neteda, Smith, from which it differs by the smaller size, the
narrower and convex hind margin of the head, and the relatively
shorter petiole, which has the anterior half very little narrower than
the posterior (distinctly narrower in nztida).

Durban, (Cooper, Marley).

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

LEPTOGENYS HAVILANDI, Forel, race FURTIVA, N. I.

©, 6:5-6-8 mm. Sculpture of the head much finer than in the type
of the species, reticulate-punctate, the punctures shallow and irregular,
not distinct and sharply defined, with smooth spaces in between as
in the type of the species. The sculpture of the thorax like that of
the head and much finer thanin the type. In the latter the pronotum
has some shallow grooves radiating out from a median point just in

210 Annals of the South African Museum.

front of the posterior margin, these are entirely absent in the race.
Both thoracic sutures much deeper. The dorsum of the epinotum is
shorter than in the type of the species, and is distinctly but moderately
convex lengthwise, (almost flat in the type), and its junction with the
declivity is more angular and abrupt. The declivity is two-thirds as
long as the dorsum, (barely one-half in the type of the species), and is
strongly striated transversely. Node of petiole narrowed in front and
less convex transversely above. First two abdominal segments very
closely and finely reticulate rugulose and dull (smooth and shining
in the type of the species), 3rd segment and following segments
shining, the 3rd shallowly and closely punctured. Epinotum, node
and abdomen with an abundant, long and decumbent pubescence
(almost entirely absent in the type of the species). Head, thorax
and node dull (the node is moderately shining in the type of the species).

Hillside, Bulawayo. Marching in single file, carrying termites in
their jaws.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. ; type in my collection.)

Having seen specimens of Havilandt, 1. sp., (leg. Haviland, ex Natal
Mus. coll.), I am able to confirm the disparity between that species
and Peringueyt.

LEPTOGENYS PERINGUEYI Forel.

Page 97, line 16. For “ 1st joint ” read 2nd joint.

LEPTOGENYS ATTENUATA Smith.
Page 97, L. Jdgerskiold1, Santschi. This is only a synonym of
L. attenuata, Smith, (Santschi, emend. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85,
page 279, 1916).

LEPTOGENYS ATTENUATA, Smith, var. CRASSINODA, N. Vv.

8, 6-8-7 mm. Smaller than the type of the species and differing
as follows. The head is much less narrowed behind, being barely |
narrower there than in front. The scapes are a little shorter, all the
joints of the flagellum also shorter, the 2nd joint one-sixth longer than
the 1st (one-third longer in the type of the species ; erroneously stated
on p. 98 as two-thirds longer).. Node of petiole much shorter and much
less attenuated in front. It is only one-third longer than wide, and
three-fifths wider behind than in front, about as high behind as long
(much longer than high in the type of the species). Puilosity on the
abdomen scantier, otherwise like the type of the species.

Hast London (Dr. Rattray). Type in the Albany Museum coll.

(G.A. coll.)

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 211

LEPTOGENYS NITIDA, Smith.

®, (hitherto undescribed), 6-1 mm. Ergatoid.

Mesonotum more or less circular, a little wider than long, three-
fifths as long as the pronotum. Posteriorly the mesonotum is
separated by a wide and convex groove from the small and trans-
versely oval scutellum. A trace of the metanotum is visible only at
the sides. The metaepinotal suture wider and much deeper than in
the 8. Dorsum of epinotum slightly widened posteriorly, convex
lengthwise, about one-half longer than the declivity, which is trans-
versely striated. Petiole inclined forwards, three-fourths wider than
long, widest behind, much higher than in the %, the anterior face feebly
convex, the posterior face concave. Abdomen like that of the $ but
proportionately stouter. Otherwise like the 9.

Hshowe, Zululand, (H. B. Marley), taken with the $4. Type in my
coll.

LEPTOGENYS NITIDA, var GRANDIOR, Forel.

Bull. Soc. Vaud. Se. Nat., vol. 50, p. 335, 3, 1914.

8, 5-5-6 mm. Larger and darker than the type of the species,
almost jet-black. The head is relatively wider, and is as wide behind
as in front (narrower behind in the type). The node of the petiole
is a little wider behind than long (as wide as long in the type), and more
convex above, the anterior and posterior faces more convex lengthwise.
Otherwise like the type of the species.

Krantz Kloof, Natal, (H. B. Marley).

(S.A.M., R.M.. G.A. colls.)

LEPTOGENYS NITIDA, Smith, var. AENA, Forel.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 50, p. 215, 1914.

The pale form has been separated by Dr. Forel as a distinct variety,
aena. In addition to the colour, it differs from the type of the species
in having the head a little narrower, especially behind, where it is a
little narrower than in front. The eyes are smaller and flatter, the
scapes a little longer. The key on page 95, (12) 11... ., should
be altered accordingly.

LEPTOGENYS NITIDA, var. ADPRESSA, Forel.

Loc. cit., p. 214, &.

8,5 mm. The legs are entirely pale ferruginous, the scapes brown-
ish, not black asin the type. The pubescence is decumbent, not erect.

212 Annals of the South African Museum.

The eyes are decidedly smaller. The head is slightly wider in front.
The thoracic sutures stronger; the dorsum of the epinotum a little
shorter and the declivity longer and more oblique than in the type
species. The node of the petiole is also distinctly shorter and wider
than in the type, one-third wider behind than long, (as wide behind as
it is long, in the type). Grahamstown, Hewitt, (G.A. coll.).

From Durban, (leg. Marley), I have received some specimens inter-
mediate between this variety and the type and intermedia, Emery.
They are smaller (4:3 mm.) than the variety, and have the node a
little longer, but not so long as in the type or in intermedia. Nitida
and intermedia are evidently very closely allied.

L. NITIDA, race BREVINODIS, Forel.
Loe. cit., p. 335, &.

8, 5-5-3 mm. Varying from dark reddish brown to piceous, the
head and abdomen darkest. Legs and antennae entirely reddish
ochreous. Mandibles ferruginous. Head less narrowed behind than
in the type of the species, almost as wide there as in front. Dorsum
of epinotum a little shorter and the declivity a little longer. Node
of the petiole much wider than in the type of the species, one and a half
times wider than long, one-third wider behind than in front. Other-
wise like the type of the species.

George, Cape Prov., (Brauns).

(R.M., G.A. colls.).

L. NITIDA, race INSINUATA, Santschi.
Goteborgs Vetens. Vitterh. Handl., 15, 2, p. 11, %, 1914.

“3S 4:6 mm. Blackish brown. Mandibles, middle of the frons,
antennae, legs and anus reddish yellow. Smooth and shining like the
type of the species. The head is about one-quarter narrower behind
than in front, twice as long as wide behind. The eyes are placed a little
more forwards, and the clypeus is more angular in front. The scape
extends beyond the occipital margin by about one-fourth of its length,
(one-sixth in the type). The wider mesoepinotal suture extends over
the side to behind the middle pair of coxae, and is coarsely clathrate.
Declivity of epinotum transversely striate. The node of the petiole
is a little higher behind. First abdominal segment very narrow in
front, longer than wide, the 2nd segment narrower andaslong. Other-
wise like nitida, from which it differs chiefly by the shape of the head
and the meso-epinotal suture.”

Richmond, Natal, (Traegaordh).

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 213

L. PARVA, var. DISPAR, Santschi.
Géteborgs Vetens. Vitterh. Handl., vol. 15, pt. 2, p. 10, 3, 1914.

“The eyes are larger than in the type, composed of about 28-30
facets. The scape extends slightly beyond the occiput, but much
less than in L. castanea. The 2—10th joints of the flagellum as wide as
long. The dorsum of the thorax is feebly emarginate; the head is
a little longer than wide and fairly convex behind, transitional to that
of castanea.”’

Zululand, (Traegaordh).

L. parva, Forel, var. BELLUA, Forel.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 50, p. 214, 8, 1914.

%, 3:5-3-°9 mm. Differs from the type of the species by its slightly
longer head, with the posterior margin almost straight or more
shallowly concave. The 4th--l0th joints of the flagellum are a shade
wider. The node of the petiole is slightly longer, or one and a half
times wider behind than it is long (one and two-thirds in the type).
The declivity of the epinotum is shorter, more oblique and less angular
below.

Durban, (Arnold, Marley, Cooper and Bevis).

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

Q, (hitherto undescribed), 5 mm. LErgatoid. Piceous, the apical
margins of the abdominal segments ferruginous, legs and antennae
brownish yellow, the femora and apical half of the scapes darker.
Pilosity longer and more abundant than in the %. Head distinctly
wider in front than behind, the posterior margin moderately concave,
the posterior angles less rounded than in the 3. Eyes larger; the
anterior ocellus is well developed and is placed at about the posterior
fourth of the head, (measured from the apex of the clypeus). Pro-
notum one-third wider than long, (longer than wide in the 3). Meso-
notum only a little wider than long, (twice wider than long in the 8).
Dorsum of epinotum merging into the declivity by a very gradual
curve ; it is very little longer than the declivity, (in the ¢ at least twice
as long), and the dorsal profile is much more convex. The node of the
petiole is wider and shorter, and slants strongly forwards ; it is three
times wider than long, (in the % only a trifle wider than long); the
anterior face is convex transversely and subvertical, the posterior face
vertical. The abdomen is much wider than in the 8, the Ist segment
being quite twice as wide as the node and subtruncate at the base,
slanting slightly forwards. Otherwise like the 3.

Taken with 8%. Krantz Kloof, Natal, (Marley). In my collection.

214 Annals of the South African Museum.

TrinE ODONTOMACHINI.
ANOCHETUS BEQUAERTI, Forel, race AaBsTRAcTA, Santschi.
Géteborgs Vetens. Vitterh. Handl., vol. 15, pt. 2, p. 12, %, 1914.

The only differences which I can recognise, to judge from the
author's detailed description, are the slightly smaller size, (4-6 mm.),
the larger eyes, which are one-fifth the length of the sides of the head,
and the darker colour of the middle of the head above. Otherwise
exactly like the type of the species.

Amanzimtoti, Natal, (Traegaordh).

ANOCHETUS PUNCTATUS, Santschi.
Loe. cit., p. 13, &.

“6, 3-6 mm. Reddish brown; head and femora yellowish red,
the rest of the legs and the flagellum yellowish. The greater part of
the head, the dorsum of the promesonotum, and abdomen irregularly.
and fairly strongly punctured, smooth and shining. Antennal hollows,
cheeks, sides of the thorax and the scale smooth and shining. Dorsum
of the epinotum coarsely, the declivity superficially striato-rugose
transversely. The vertex of the head, from the frontal carinae back-
wards, is fanwise striated as far as the middle of the head, the outer-
most striae curving round behind the antennal hollow and becoming
extinguished at about the level of the eyes. A short pubescent hair
is inserted in each puncture. Antennae and legs pubescent, the
abdomen with a long and erect pilosity. Head a little longer than
wide, feebly emarginate behind. Eyes moderately convex, composed
of 25-30 facets. Clypeus triangular, its anterior margin transverse,
prolonged backwards in a narrow strip between the frontal carinae.
Mandibles half as long as the head, dilated in their distal half, the
superior internal border trenchant, not dentate, margined with a row
of piligerous punctures ; the inferior internal margin very finely and
distantly denticulate. The upper and lower apical teeth subequal,
the intermediate inserted at the basal third of the lower tooth, short
and obtuse. The scape extends back as far as the posterior angle of
the head, 3rd—5th joints of the flagellum as wide as long, the succeeding
joints distinctly longer (shorter in punctaticeps, Mayr.). Thoracic
sutures well defined. The mesonotum is wider than long and slightly
raised in front behind the promesonotal suture, which is somewhat
impressed. Dorsum of epinotum flat, submarginate, parallel-sided in
the anterior half, divergent behind towards the teeth, which are fairly

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 215

strong and obtuse. Declivity marginate, slightly convex. Scale
oval, the summit truncate and distinctly. emarginate (rounded in
punctaticeps). Abdomen barely constricted between the lst and 2nd
segments. This species is closely allied to punctaticeps, Mayr, which
is not known to mein nature. It differs by the stronger puncturation
of the thorax and by the other characters cited above. In talpa,
Forel, the eyes are much smaller.”
Lake Sibayi, Zululand, 1 %, (Traegaordh) ; Durban (Arnold).

Var. DURBANENSIS, 0. V.

8, agrees with the description of the type species except in the
following details.

The mandibles are a little less than half the length of the head; the
ord and 4th joints of the flagellum are wider than long, the 5th as wide
as long, and the scale of the petiole above is convex transversely, not
emarginate.

Durban, 1, 8. Type in my collection.

ANOCHETUS NATALENSIS DN. sp.

5, 5:9 mm. Head, mandibles and antennae dark reddish amber-
yellow, coxae, trochanters and femora pale straw-yellow, tibiae and
tarsi pale reddish ochreous, thorax and abdomen castaneous brown,
the abdomen sometimes almost piceous. An abundant, exceedingly
fine and decumbent pubescence present only on the legs and antennae,
the mandibles with a sparse pubescence, the abdomen with a very
scanty, yellowish, exserted and fairly long pilosity, the rest of the body
glabrous. Shining all over, except the striated area of the head which
is slightly dull, the abdomen smooth and very shining. Middle of
the head above finely and longitudinally striate, the striae starting at
the apex of the frontal carinae and extending fanwise backwards, in
the middle almost as far as the occipital margin, at the sides as far as
the upper third of the postocular hollows, the antennal hollows and
the rest of the head quite smooth. Pronotum transversely and
superficially rugulose over the neck and just behind it, the rest of the
segment longitudinally and also somewhat concentrically rugulose,
the sculpture exceedingly superficial or almost effaced. Mesonotum
strongly and transversely striate. Hpinotum almost smooth, the
dorsum only microscopically reticulate, the sides feebly and obliquely
rugulose on their upper half, the sculpture almost effaced like that of
the pronotum. Scale smooth. Head, excluding the mandibles but

216 Annals of the South African Museum.

including the occipital lobes, one-fifth longer than wide across the
eyes, where it is widest. Antennal hollows deep, deeper than in
A. Bequaerti, and distinctly delimited behind by the striated sculpture.
Clypeus as in Bequaert, but a little more deeply emarginate in front.
Mandibles half as long as the head, the upper and lower inner margins
straight and unarmed, the upper apical tooth very little shorter than
the lower one, the latter with a smaller tooth on its upper edge which
is half as long as the lower tooth. Second, 3rd and 4th joints of the
flagellum of equal length, the 2nd joint twice as long as wide and two-
thirds as long as the Ist, all the joints considerably longer than wide.
Hyes fairly large, relatively larger and more convex than in Bequaert.
Occipital emargination deep, nearly one-third as deep as wide. Pro-
notum, excluding the neck, as long as wide; promesonotal and meso-
epinotal sutures wide but shallow. Mesonotum nearly one and a
half times wider than long. Dorsum of epinotum, (including the
metanotal region which is indicated only by a feeble transverse
impression at the anterior 3rd of the epinotum), straight, slightly
oblique lengthwise, feebly convex from side to side, nearly three
times longer than wide, parallel-sided or only very slightly widened
posteriorly, where it ends on each side in a triangular and dentiform
tubercle; declivity subvertical, one-third the length of the dorsum.
Scale of petiole cuneiform, one-fourth higher than the petiole is long
and higher than the brow of the declivity, twice as high as wide, the
sides almost straight or only very feebly convex, the upper edge fairly
thin and shallowly emarginate in the middle; the anterior face convex
from side to side, straight and oblique from above to below, the
posterior face flat and vertical.

Pietermaritzburg (Dr. C. Akerman), 3 89, ex Natal Mus. coll.

Allied to africanus, Mayr, and Traegaordhi, Mayr. From the first it
differs by the almost smooth pro- and epinotum and the longer 2nd
joint of the flagellum; from Tvraegaordhi it differs by having the
inner, upper and lower margins of the mandibles edentate, by the
epinotum (transversely striato-rugose in Traegaordhi), and by the
darker colour.

Type in my collection.

A. JONESI, n. sp. |

8, 4:5-4:8 mm. Yellowish brown, (raw sienna); the thorax,
antennae and mandibles somewhat darker and with a reddish brown
tinge. Smooth and very shining. The head above sparsely but
strongly punctured, except in the middle of the vertex. The sides of

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 217

the head and the antennal hollows impunctate. The frons between
the frontal carinae fanwise longitudinally striate, the striae curving
round outwardly, but laterally not extending to the outer edge of the
antennal hollows, and posteriorly not beyond the anterior half of the
head. Mandibles sparsely and finely punctured, the scapes very finely
so. Dorsum of epinotum superficially coriaceous ; otherwise impunc-
tate. A sparse, yellowish, and short pilosity present all over, very
scanty on the thorax. A very scanty pubescence on the mandibles.
Head, excluding the mandibles, one-sixth longer than wide across
the level of the eyes, where it is widest ; itis, however, not wider there
than across the occipital lobes by more than the length of the Ist joint
of the flagellum. The sides of the head behind the eyes more deeply
excavated than in punctaticeps, the occipital emargination as deep as
in that species. Clypeus and frontal carinae as in punctaticeps.
Mandibles half as long as the head, their internal inferior margin very
feebly and obtusely denticulate,
their superior margins edentate,
fairly strongly widened towards the
apex, being nearly twice as wide
behind the teeth as at their base. Fic. 61.—A. Jonesi, n. sp.
The upper or preapical tooth is as
long and as acute as the apical, and the subapical, which springs from
the base of the apical is about half as long as the other two. The
scapes extend back as far as the apex of the occipital emargination,
but do not reach as far as the posterior angles of the head; 3rd—5th
joints of the flagellum about as long as wide, all the rest longer than
wide. Eyes small, not longer than the 3rd joint of the flagellum,
composed of about 15-18 indistinct facets. Pronotum narrower and
more elliptical in front than in punctaticeps, as long as wide. The
promesonotal and mesoepinotal sutures shallow but very broad. The
mesonotum (excluding the suture) about half as wide again as long (at
least twice as wide as long in punctaticeps). The dorsum of the epi-
notum is as long as the pronotum, much narrower at the base than at
the apex (shaped like an isosceles triangle), more convex transversely
in its basal half than in punctaticeps, and ending in stronger and more
prominent teeth than in that species ; the declivity is vertical, shorter
than the dorsum (at least as long in punctaticeps). The node of the
petiole cuneiform in profile, its anterior face feebly convex trans-
versely, the posterior face flat, its upper edge feebly arcuate, and
thicker than in pwnctaticeps. Seen from in front, the node is barely
narrower above than below; seen from the side, it is about three-

218 Annals of the South African Museum.

quarters higher than wide at the base ; the ventral lamella is produced
into a blunt triangular tooth. Abdominal constriction feeble.

2, 48 mm. Dorsum of epinotum more strongly sculptured than
in the §, or transversely rugose. Mesonotum trapezoidal, widest in
front, as long as wide. Scutellum oval, slightly wider than long and
less than half as long asthe mesonotum. A distinct and narrow meta-
notum present. Dorsum of epinotum one-third longer than wide,
but little wider across the teeth than at the base. The teeth a little
more acute than in the §. (Dedlated.) Otherwise exactly like the 8.

3, 3:3 mm. Black; legs and first two joints of the antennae pale
ochreous, the rest of the antennae, the clypeus and mandibles pale
yellowish brown. Head and thorax dull, coriaceous-reticulate, sides
and declivity of epinotum and node of petiole smooth and shin-
ing, abdomen shining, very shallowly punctured. Pubescence pale
ochreous, fairly dense all over except on the epinotum and petiole,
intermixed on the abdomen with a few longer and darker hairs.

Head, seen from in front, semicircular, the eyes occupying the
anterior half of the sides. Scapes half as long again as the Ist joint of
the flagellum. This joint is as long as wide, all the other joints much
longer than wide. The scapes extend laterally barely beyond the
inner margin of the eyes. Clypeus obtusely carinate. Mandibles
very small or atrophied. Pronotum slightly exposed above. Meso-
notum wider than long, strongly convex above and infront. Scutellum
gibbous, less than half as long as the mesonotum. Metanotum
acuminate in the middle. Dorsum and declivity of epinotum oblique,
subequal, the dorsum ending on each side in a flattened and incon-
spicuous tubercle. Node of petiole highest behind, as high as long,
the anterior face oblique, quadrate and twice as long as the vertical
posterior face ; the dorsal edge thick and rounded from front to back.
Wings smoky hyaline, nervures and stigma brown.

Allied to punctaticeps, Mayr, and punctatus, Santschi, but larger,
darker and differently sculptured.

M’fongosi, Zululand (W. EH. Jones), ex Natal Museum coll.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Types in my collection.)

ODONTOMACHUS ASSINIENSIS, Hmery, race CAFFRORUM, Santschi.
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 60, p. 558, 3, 1891.
(race) G6teborgs Vetens. Vitterh. Handl., vol. 15, 2, p. 14, 3, 1914.

The description of the type of the species is as follows :—
“3, 13 mm. long including the mandibles; the latter 2°3 mm. long ;
head 3-5 by 2:3.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 219

Dark testaceous, the head in front and the thorax behind fuscous,
mandibles, petiole and apex of abdomen blackish. Head striated
above, the striae on the frons finer, exceedingly delicate and super-
ficial on the sides of the occiput, almost obsolete on the antennal and
postocular hollows, the occipital sulcus absent, the occipital suture
fairly distinct, the margin of the occiput very slightly raised ; inner
margins of the mandibles denticulate, the preapical tooth broad,
truncate and shorter than the apical; Ist joint of the flagellum
shortest, the 2nd longest, distinctly longer than the following. Thorax
moderately robust, transversely striate. Petiole and abdomen very
shining. . .. The whole of the upper surface of the head is striated,
as in haematodes, but the striae are stronger and farther apart than
in that species, easily defined under
a low magnification, ... the pos-
terior part cf the head appears some- i AC \
what shining to the naked eve, whereas Nees
in haematodes the whole of the head d a
is dull, with a somewhat silky sheen.

Abyssinia.” | Me :
The race caffrorum is distinguished Ci |

as follows : |

“8, 13 mm. Length of the head, Fig. 62.
including the mandibles, 5 mm., b, a eo ee caffrorum.
widest across the eyes, 2-5 mm. a’and 0’, front view of the petiole.
Posterior tibiae, 3 mm. long. The
striae on the head are much less transverse behind than in assiniensis,
1. Sp., and are intermediate in character between that species and haema-
iodes. On the pronotum the striae are absolutely transverse as in
the type of the species, but they are a little coarser, although becoming
effaced behind. Colour as in the type. The head is much larger, the
mandibles clearly larger. The scape does not extend beyond the
occiput. Thorax more robust, with a longitudinal groove extending
over the whole of the dorsum of the epinotum. The latter is flatter
and less convex than in the type.”

Dukudu, Zululand, (Traegaordh) ; Amatongas Forest, Portuguese
Hast Africa, (Arnold).

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

In neither Emery’s description of the type, nor in Santschi’s of the
race is the structure of the petiole mentioned. This is of far greater
diagnostic value than the sculpture, which is exceedingly variable.
The petiole in caffrorum is thinner and narrower than in haematodes,

220 Annals of the South African Museum.

and seen from in front is far more gradually acuminate than in that
species. I therefore give figures of the thoraces and petiole of the two
forms. The sculpture of the pronotum, even in examples from the
same nest, varies between the two extremes of being transverse or
longitudinal, the posterior striae becoming more and more arcuate
anteriorly till at last they occupy a median and longitudinal position,
the anterior striae being arranged more or less concentrically and
outside them.

DORYLINAE.

Page 110, line 26. For “ Membracid ” read, Fulgorid.
Page 113, first line after the key, this should read, “ The Dorylini
and Ecotent are the only tribes represented in South Africa.”

Trine DORYLINI.

DoRYLUS BRAUNSI, Emery, p. 120. This should read,
D. Braunsi, Emery, race anceps, Forel.

Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 50, p. 215, 1914.

Dr. Forel’s description is reproduced herewith.

‘“ Distinguished from the type as follows: The head is distinctly
of a reversed trapeze-shape, much narrower behind than in front.
Its posterior margin is about one-third narrower than the anterior,
even in the smallest 38 it is a little narrower. The thorax is much less
flattened above, hardly very obtusely submarginate. Seen in profile,
the pronotum in front and the epinotum behind are convex, and pass
into the dorsum by a much more gentle curve. The petiole is wider,
one and a half times wider than long; its angles less rounded. The
2nd-9th joints of the flagellum are at the most only one and a half
times wider than long (at least twice as wide as long in the type of
braunst). Moreover, the puncturation of the head, although sparse,
is much more distinct; that of the thorax is also a little stronger,
whereas that of the petiole, which is a little more shining than in the
type, is less dense.”

DoRYLUS DIADEMA, Gerst., race ARNOLDI, Forel.
Loc. cit:, p. 20653.

gS, 22mm. Dark ochreous yellow, the thorax slightly fuscous, the
genital armature and the apical margins of all the abdominal seg-
ments darker, somewhat reddish. Head blackish brown, eyes black ;
mandibles and legs bright castaneous brown; antennae ferruginous,
paler towards the apex.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 221

“In greater part like the type, but differing in the following
features. The posterior margin of the head is strongly convex; the
eyes are smaller and less convex. The head is not wider than the
thorax. The petiole is wider and shorter than in the type, nearly
one and a half times wider than long. The colour of the thorax and
wings is also darker. It differs from montanus, Sants., by the total
absence of an erect pilosity, on the abdomen as well as on the thorax
and petiole. Moreover, it differs from montanus and from the type
of diadema by its genital armature. The stipes are not truncate at
the apex as in montanus, but bevelled, almost as in diadema. The
volsellae bear on one side a row of hairs and are slightly widened at
the apex, which are strongly punctured and truncate curvedly. The
sagittae are also somewhat swollen at the apex, which ends below in a
sharp point. The subgenital plate has the same shape as in montanus.”’

Bulawayo ; fairly common at light.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A., colls.)

DoRYLUS (s.g. ALAOPONE) MONTANUS, race AUSTRALIS, Santschi.
Rev. Zool. Afr., vol. 6, fase. 3, p. 231, 3, 1919.

“8, media minor, 3-5 mm. Differs from the type of the species of
the same size by the absence of the longitudinal frontal impression.
The thorax is a little less coarsely punctured. The middle joints of
the flagellum are a little thicker. The petiole is wider and angular,
as wide behind as long, its posterior margin a little narrower than the
front of the postpetiole. (Distinctly narrower than the postpetiole
and more rounded in montanus.) In the % 4-6 mm. long, the front
of the pronotum has a fundamental sculpture which is very finely
reticulate and less shining than the rest of the thorax. The head is a
little more robust and less parallel. The head is also slightly more rusty
red, the whole insect darker. The abdomen isa little wider and shorter.

6, minor, 2 mm. Like the % minor of atriceps aegyptiaca, pale
yellow ; antennae 9-jointed.

Probably larger forms of the § exist.

Herschel dist., Cape Prov., ex Albany Mus. coll.”

DOLICHODERINAE.
Trine TAPINOMINI.
TapInoMA ARNOLDI, Forel, var. TEcTUM, Santschi.

Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85, Tos ASS, Op LIDING,

8, 1-5-1-8 mm. Pale ochreous, the posterior femora slightly smoky
yellow. Smaller and more slender than the type of the species. The

222 Annals of the South African Museum.

head is also relatively narrower, or one-fourth longer than wide, and
with quite straight sides. The eyes are nearer the anterior margin,
their distance from the same being less than their own length.
Otherwise like the type of the species.

Durban, (H. B. Marley) ; Pretoria, (C. K. Brain).

(R.M., G.A. colls.)

In the author’s original description, this insect has been made a
variety of T. tenue, Forel. The latter name is due to a slip of the pen
and should read 7. Arnoldi (Santschi emend. in litt.).

TAPINCMA LUGUBRE, Santschi.
(as var. of T. gracilis, Forel), loc. cit., p. 288, 9, 3.

3, 1-6-1'8 mm. Sepia-brown, the legs and antennae smoky yellow,
the tarsi very pale straw-yellow. Slightly shining. Microscopically
reticulate-rugulose. Pubescence greyish, decum-
bent, microscopic and fairly abundant all over.
Pilose hairs absent, except a few on the abdo-
| BN men and anterior margin of the clypeus. Head a

A = little less than one-third longer than wide, slightly
D eee Santschi,

narrowed in front, the sides feebly convex,
the posterior margin very slightly convex. The
middle of the anterior margin of the clypeus shallowly concave.
Mandibles 6-dentate, shining, punctured. Hyes large, placed in front
of the middle of the sides. The scapes extend beyond the hind
margin of the head by nearly one-fourth of their length; all the
joints of the flagellum at least twice as long as wide. Pronotum wider
than long, and as long as the mesonotum. ‘The latter is slightly longer
than wide in front, much narrower and with a higher convexity
transversely than in gracilis, Forel, also narrower behind (in gracilis as
wide in front as behind and nearly flat above). The dorsum of the
epinotum is a little wider than long, and is as convex as the mesonotum ;
it rises gently towards the declivity. The declivity 1s nearly vertical,
almost twice as long as the dorsum, and separated from it by a fine
raised line, the junction of the two faces sharply angular. Scale
parallel-sided, oblong.

3, 1:83 mm. Blackish brown, legs and antennae coloured as in the
8. Head longer than wide, subquadrate, slightly wider in front than
behind. The eyes occupy a little less than the anterior half of the sides.
Anterior margin of the clypeus entire, arcuate. Mandibles with an

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 223

apical tooth only. The scapes are as long as the Ist and 2nd joints
of the flagellum united; the lst joint is one and a half times longer
than wide, shorter than the following joints. Mesonotum a little
wider than long, somewhat gibbous in front, its anterior margin semi-
circular. Scutellum roundly triangular. Epinotum as long as wide
at the base, the two faces not distinctly delimited but forming a very
low and continuous convexity. Petiole nodose, two-thirds wider
than long, convex transversely. Wings slightly infuscate, nervures
brown.

Victoria Falls.

Quite distinct from gracilis, Forel, a narrower and smaller insect,
with the dorsum of the thorax not in the least flattened as in that
species, and with the two faces of the epinotum sharply delimited.

(R.M., G.A. colls.)

TAPINOMA MINIMUM, Mayr.
Ann. K. K. N. H. Mus. Wien, vol. 10, p. 147, %, 9, 1895.

8, 1-2-1-4 mm. Varying from pale ochreous or pale reddish
ochreous to pale yellowish sepia-brown. Pilosity present only on the
clypeus and mandibles. Pubescence pale yellowish, decumbent,
microscopic and not very dense. Moderately shining, smooth or
with only a microscopic sculpture. Head slightly longer than wide, .
the sides moderately convex, a little narrower in front than behind,
the posterior margin almost straight. Anterior margin of clypeus
straight. Mandibles smooth, with 6 or 7 teeth. Eyes not very small ;
distant from the anterior margin of the head by as much as their own
length. The scapes fall short of the hind margin by about as much as
the length of the eye ; 2nd—7th joints of the flagellum much wider than
long. Pronotum, excluding the neck, one-third wider than long, its
sides fairly convex, longer than the mesonotum. The latter trape-
zoidal, widest in front, one-fourth wider than long, the promesonotal
suture moderately arcuate, the mesoepinotal suture straight.
Dorsum of epinotum widened towards the apex, where it is half as
wide again as long, only half as long as the steep declivity. The
thoracic sutures very feebly impressed. The scale (entirely hidden by
the overhanging abdomen) is longer than wide, narrowed above,
ovate-lanceolate.

Zululand, (Traegaordh); Port Elizabeth, (T. Reeve); Natal,
(Haviland).

(R.M., G.A. colls.)

VOL. XXIII, PART 2. 15

224 Annals of the South African Museum.

TaPpINoMA DanitscHI, Forel.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 50, p. 345, 8, 1914.

8, 1-2-1-7 mm. Varying from dark sepia-brown to brownish black,
feos and antennae dark brown, tarsi pale ochreous, mandibles and
scale brownish yellow. Smooth and shining, with a microscopic
puncturation. Pilosity only on the anterior margin of the clypeus
and the apex of the abdomen. Pubescence microscopic, very short
and scanty. Head rectangular, one-fifth longer than wide, as wide in
front as behind, the sides convex, the posterior margin straight.
Mandibles smooth, shining, finely and very sparsely punctured.
Anterior margin of clypeus feebly emarginate in the middle. The
scapes fall short of the hind margin by about one-fourth of their
length ; all the joints of the flagellum, except the lst and 3rd, clearly
wider than long, the last joint distinctly swollen. Thorax like that of
minimum, Mayr, but with the dorsum of the epinotum a little longer, a
little wider than long and shorter than the declivity. Both thoracic
sutures feeble. Scale fused with the petiole, tongue-shaped.

Durban, (C. B. Cooper) ; Umbilo, Natal, (L. Bevis).

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.) Closely allied to minimum, Mayr.

Var. Brvisi, Forel.
Loc. cit., p. 346, 9, &.

8, 1-5-2 mm. Abdomen paler than the thorax, yellowish brown.
Anterior third of the head brownish, mandibles reddish yellow, other-
wise coloured like the type of the species. The head is distinctly
wider behind than in front, and the mesonotum is longer than in the
type species, or as long as wide. Otherwise like the type.

“Oo, 3:1 mm. Head very rectangular, quite one-fourth longer than
wide, the posterior margin straight and the posterior angles well
marked, only slightly rounded. The large flat eyes occupy nearly
one-third of the sides. Flagellum a little thinner than in the &.
Thorax hardly wider than the head ; pronotum high and subvertical ;.
abdomen elongate. Wings slightly infuscate. Otherwise like the 3.”
Durban, (C. B. Cooper).

(R.M., G.A. colls.)

MYRMICINAE.

Page 166. The 3¢ of the Pseudomyrmini have 12-jointed antennae ;.
not 13 as stated in the key.
Page 168, WHormgG Gm cead aC Cig

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 225

Trine PSEUDOMYRMINI.
Page 173, line 19, for “ 13-jointed ” read ‘‘ 12-jointed.”

Trine OCYMYRMICINI.
OcYMYRMEX PicaRDI, Forel.
Taken at Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8. Rhodesia. The nest was

placed under the roots of a bush and contained hundreds of 39.
(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

Trine CARDIOCONDYLINI.
CARDIOCONDYLA BADONEI, 0. sp.

%, 2-2-3 mm. Black or very dark brown, the thorax and petiole
sometimes reddish brown, legs and antennae pale burnt-umber brown,
the club of the flagellum and the
middle of all the femora a little
darker. Abdomen smooth and shin-
ing; head, thorax and petiole slightly
glossy. Head finely reticulate, more
widely and more distinctly than in
C. Emeryi, Forel; thorax reticulate-
punctate, very closely and superficially
so above, more strongly at the sides. : aS Me :

Petiole and legs very superficially :
reticulate. Declivity of the epinotum smooth and shining. A very
fine, short and decumbent pubescence present all over.

Head relatively wider than in C. Emeryz, very little more than one-
fourth longer than wide, slightly wider in front than behind, the sides
straight, the posterior margin shallowly concave. Clypeus longitudi-
nally striate in the middle, produced in front as a ledge which projects
beyond the bases of the mandibles (as in C. Hmeryi). The scapes fall
short of the hind margin of the head by as much as the length of the
1st joint of the flagellum; the latter is as long as the 3 succeeding
joints taken together, the 2nd-—8th joints wider than long. Eyes
placed in the middle of the sides of the head. Mandibles shining,
sparsely punctured, striated at the base, quadridentate.

Promesonotum a little longer than wide in front, its anterior corners
more rounded than in C. Emeryi, also less convex in profile. The
mesoepinotal suture is much deeper than in Hmeryz. Dorsum of
epinotum about one and a half times longer than wide, twice as
long as the declivity ; the latter submarginate at the sides. The
epinotum is armed with two triangular tubercles, hardly large enough

226 Annals of the South African Museum.

to be termed teeth (Amery? has distinct and acute teeth which are a
little longer than they are wide at the base). The peduncle of the 1st
joint of the petiole is shorter than the node. The node is more convex
at the sides than in Hmeryi, globose when seen from above, very little
longer than wide. Second joint of the petiole wider than long, half as
wide again as the Ist, shaped like that of Hmeryz. First segment of the
abdomen as wide as long (in Hmeryz much longer than wide).

Amatongas Forest, Portuguese H.A.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

A larger species than Hmeryz, and with differently shaped head and
stronger sculpture. The reticulate character of the sculpture on the
thorax is quite sharply defined, whereas in Emery: the thorax appears
to be covered with very shallow and circular pits.

Trip—E SOLENOPSIDINI.
_ Sub-tribe Monomorint.
P. 204, Ist line of key. For “antennae 2-jointed”’ read ‘‘11-jointed
(sub-genus Mitara, Kmery).”’
P. 205, No. 22. This is not australe, Emery, but another form, to
which the name ocellatum may be given. See remarks farther on under

australe.
MonoMorRIUM AFRUM, André.

2, (hitherto undescribed), 6°8 mm. The structure of this insect is
exceedingly remarkable, recalling in the shape of the head and
epinotum that of Rhoptromyrmex transversinodis 2, and totally dis-
similar to the other known 99 of this genus.

Black, dull, the basal two-thirds of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal
segments smooth, shining and microscopically reticulate. The rest
of the body very finely and densely reticulate-punctate (much finer
than in the &), also more or less longitudinally rugulose or striato-
rugulose on the head and mesonotum above; these parts have also a
shallow puncturation superimposed. Epinotum striato-rugose trans-
versely above. The posterior faces of the two nodes similarly but
less strongly sculptured. A fine, yellowish, oblique and fairly long
pubescence present, not very abundant, decumbent on the legs and
scapes. Pilosity yellowish, very sparse on the head and thorax,
longer and more plentiful on the nodes. Apical margins of the
abdominal segments with a dense tuft of long hairs at each corner.
Head about as wide as long in the middle, very convex above, the sides
almost parallel. Behind the ocelli the back of the head is convex and
vertical, merging below into a horizontal shelf which is formed by

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 227

a backward prolongation of the posterior margin and lateral lobes.
The shelf and the lobes on each side of it are deeply excavated. The
lateral lobes extend outwards and far backwards and are widely
truncate at their apices. Mandibles strongly and longitudinally
striate, sparsely punctured, 4-dentate. Anterior margin of the clypeus
emarginate in the middle, the posterior margin not defined, the clypeus
ends behind in a tubercle placed just between the anterior ends of
the short and parallel frontal carinae. The scapes barely extend back
as far as the level of the apices of the lateral lobes. The thorax is
very high, almost twice as high as wide between the parapsidal sutures,
the sides vertical. The anterior half of
the mesonotum is very strongly compressed,
and projects forwards over the pronotum
and the hind margin of the head. Seen
from above, the anterior half of the
mesonotum is almost cristate in the
middle and semi-elliptical in outline. The
sides of the mesonotum external to the
parapsidal sutures are steep and form
a distinct angle at the sutures with the flat portion above. The
thorax is long and narrow, nearly three times longer than wide.
The upper surface of the epinotum is concave transversely and
moderately convex longitudinally. The sides of the declivity are
marginate, the margins being abruptly produced above into thin,
slightly divergent and more or less semicircular walls or flaps which
end in front at about the middle of the epinotaldorsum. These cristate
flaps are about twice as long as high. Dorsal edge of the Ist node
thick and shallowly emarginate ; the dorsal face of the 2nd node flat
or slightly concave, two and a third times wider than long. Deéilated.

Bulawayo. Seven specimens, taken with the $9 in two very popu-
lous nests. So aberrant is the structure of this insect that if it had
not been taken with the 8%, one might have regarded it as the type of
a new genus. As the %% were all of one kind, I am not disposed to
regard these 9? as parasitic forms analogous to such a species as
Bothriomyrmex meridionalis, which is parasitic on Tapinoma erraticum.
Type in my collection.

MoNOMORIUM TCHELICHOFI, Forel, var. EXCELSIOR, 0. V.
8, 3:2-3-5 mm. Smaller than the type of the species, and differing
from it as follows :—
The feeble sculpture present in the type on the head, pronotum and

228 Annals of the South African Museum.

petiole is almost entirely effaced, and the surface is therefore much
more shining. The mesonotum and epinotum are also much more
superficially reticulate. The head is narrower, its sides less convex,
the hind margin more deeply emarginate, distinctly narrower behind
than in front. Antennae blackish brown, not reddish brown as in the
type of the species, the joints of the flagellum more slender. The
dorsum of the epinotum is narrower, or twice as long as wide, less
widened behind than in the type, and also much more shallowly
excavated. Nodes of the petiole narrower, the upper edge of the Ist
node less rounded from front to back.

3,6:°6mm. Black; flagellum reddish brown, tarsi brown, articula-
tions of the femora and tibiae reddish ochreous, apical margins of the
abdominal segments brownish yellow. Head, thorax and petiole dull.
closely reticulate-punctate, fairly strongly so on the head and meso-
notum, very finely on the petiole. Abdomen moderately shining,
microscopically reticulate, sparsely and shallowly punctured, the
punctures bearing pubescent hairs. A few short rugae radiate out-
wards from the ocelli, and there is a slight rugosity at the base of
the mesonotum. Abdomen and legs with a sparse and decumbent
pubescence, absent elsewhere. Pilosity yellowish and sparse every-
where. Scapes very thick and much swollen in their apical halves,
two and a quarter times longer than their apical width ; flagellum
densely punctured and pubescent, all the joints, except the last
two, swollen in the middle; the 2nd joint nearly half as long again
as the 3rd. Median area of clypeus quadrate, feebly convex or
nearly flat. Mandibles shining, with 3 or 4 teeth. Eyes very slightly
convex, occupying the middle third of the sides. Dorsum of epinotum
very short, merging gradually into the declivity. The upper half
of the declivity is reticulate-punctate and dull, concave transversely
and subvertical, the lower half is vertical, smooth and shining. First
node, seen from above, one and two-thirds as wide as long, the upper
face shallowly emarginate ; 2nd node a little wider than the Ist, two
and a half times wider than long, convex from front to back, feebly
concave transversely. Abdomen subglobose, a little longer than wide,
very convex above, much more robust than usual in this genus.
Wings hyaline, tinged with yellow in front, the costal and subcostal
nervures dark brown. Quite distinct from all the other known 3d
of our 8. African species in the structure of the flagellum.

Matroosberg, Hex River Mts., 5500-7000 feet. (R. W. HK.
Tucker.)

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A., colls. Type in my collection.)

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 229

Monomorium HavitLaAnpI, Forel.

Page 216. According to Santschi, this is a race of australe, Emery ;
he separates the latter from salamomis, L., and places it as a distinct
species under the sub-genus Paraholcomyrmex. (Ann. Soc. Ent.
France, vol. 85, p. 282, 1916.)

MoNOMORIUM SALAMONIS, Linn., var. DISERTA, Forel.

Page 221. This should be regarded as a variety of the race termat-
avium rather than of the type of the species. (Forel, Rev. Suisse Zool.,
vol. 24, p. 417, 1916.)

Race AUSTRALE, Forel.

Page 225. The form described under this title was so determined
for me by Dr. Forel. Itis, however, quite different from Emery’s race,
and I therefore propose for it the name ocellatum (race of salamonis).
Dr. Santschi has given the following description of the true australe,
but based chiefly on its race Havilandz, (see Ann. Soc. Ent. France,
vol. 85, p. 283, 1916) :—

“8 major, 2°55 mm. Reddish brown, abdomen black, slightly
brownish at its base. Mandibles, clypeus, sides of the mesonotum
and lower surface of the petiole reddish ochreous. Cheeks, frontal
carinae and antennal pits finely striated, the rest of the head smooth,
with a fairly strong but sparse puncturation. Thorax and petiole
densely reticulate-punctate as in M. salamonis (this sculpture is more
or less effaced on the promesonotum, which may be smooth and
shining). Abdomen and legs smooth. Pilosity erect and yellowish,
fairly abundant on the abdomen, sparser on the thorax and head.
The legs and antennae have only a decumbent pubescence, which is
also present on the head, and more sparsely on the body. Head a
little longer than wide, the sides feebly convex, the hind margin widely
concave. The head is generally wider in front than behind, but it
becomes rapidly as wide in front as behind in the smaller individuals,
in which it appears relatively narrower. The eyes, placed between
the anterior third and the middle of the sides, are fairly flat; their
long diameter is as long as the distance between them and the anterior
angles of the head. Clypeus entire, strongly concave between its two
carinae, which are widely separated, almost contiguous with the
frontal carinae and continued at the sides into the anterior margin.
Mandibles striate, 3-dentate. The scape does not quite reach the
hind margin of the head. Third to 8th joints of the flagellum wider
than long. The club not very thick, its 2nd joint only a little wider

230 Annals of the South African Museum.

and nearly as long as the preceding joint. Promesonotum convex,
without distinct sutures on its dorsum. The emargination of the
profile of the thorax a little weaker than in gracillamum (much the
same as in salamonis subopacum, which this species resembles fairly
closely in the shape of the thorax and petiole). Epinotum a little
convex, passing by a gradual curve from the dorsum into the declivity.
First node cuneiform, rounded above, convex below as in minutum,
the peduncle in front shorter than the node, bearing below, near the
posterior articulation, a small and obtuse tooth. Second node small,
lower than the Ist, wider than long. Abdomen oval, narrower in front.

8 media, 2-2-1 mm. The head elongate rectangular, the sides more
parallel, with a more or less superficial reticulation on the occiput
which may extend as far as the striae. The two faces of the epinotum
are more distinct and more marginate.

% minima, (= var. laeviceps, Emery). The head is smooth and
shining as in the 8 major, narrower than in the § media, but slightly
wider behind the eyes, concave behind, the epinotum almost as much
rounded as in the 8 major, the sculpture of the thorax hardly more
feeble, the joints of the flagellum a little shorter.

9, 4:5-5 mm. The head is entirely dull, as also the 1st abdominal
segment which is sculptured like the petiole. Otherwise as in Havi-
landi, Forel.”

Prieska, Cape Prov., (Dr. Peringuey).

MoNoMORIUM ALBOPILOSUM, Emery, race PAUCIPILOSUM, Santschi.
Rev. Zool. Afr., vol. 6, p. 235, 3, 1919.

8, 3-2-3-5 mm. Reddish brown, the head a little darker, abdomen
brown. More feebly sculptured than the type of the species, and
more shining. Pilosity as in the type of the species but much scantier,
especially on the head and thorax. Posterior angles of the head
slightly more rounded. First node of the petiole more conical, the
apex less rounded.

Natal, (leg. Haviland), ex Natal Mus. coll.

(R.M., G.A. colls.)

Var. CLARITHORAX, Santschi.

DOG, Bi, 1, ASD.

In my opinion this is only a discoloured form of the type of the
species, the colour having been lost owing to the long immersion in
alcohol. (leg. Haviland, Natal, 1894.)

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 231

M. salamonis, race Junodr, var. opacior, Forel. Santschi (loc. cit.,
p. 235) expresses the opinion that the species described in this mono-
graph on page 220 is too large to agree with opacior. However, it is
to be remarked that these specimens were named for me by Dr. Forel
himself. The size varies between 2-8 and 3-4 mm., and the larger
specimens cannot be referred to the var. notula of setuliferum as
suggested by Santschi. The var. notula has a shorter head and a
differently shaped thorax.

MoNOMORIUM LENE, Santschi.
Ann. 8. H. Belg., vol. 60, p. 11, $, 1920.

8, 1-2-2:2 mm. Pale ochreous, the head and apex of abdomen
slightly fuscous ochreous. Smooth and shining. Pilosity pale
yellowish, long, and not abundant. Head, legs, and antennae sparsely
pubescent. Head, including the mandibles, about one-fourth longer
than wide, the sides feebly convex, the posterior margin shallowly
concave (not straight as stated in Santschi’s description). Median
area of clypeus longer than wide in front, distinctly bicarinate, the
anterior margin almost straight. Frontal carinae very short. The
scape falls short of the occipital margin by nearly twice the length of
the Ist joint of the flagellum. The 2nd joint of the latter is as long as
wide, the 3rd—7th wider than long. Promesonotum moderately
convex, the promesonotal suture obsolete above, the mesoepinotal
suture deep. Dorsum of epinotum fairly flat lengthwise, moderately
convex transversely, about one-third longer than wide, fully half as
long again as the declivity. In profile, the dorsum and declivity form
a continuous curve. First node of petiole subconical, higher than
long below, one-third longer than its peduncle, rounded above. Second
node lower than, and not wider than the Ist, transversely oval, about
one-third wider than long.

Salisbury, S. R. (leg R. W. Tucker), ex. S. A. Mus. coll.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.) Type in coll. Santschi.

MoNoMORIUM (LAMPROMYRMEX) ROTUNDATUM, Santschi.
Loe. ctt., p. 14, 3.

“8, 1-5-1-6 mm. Slightly brownish yellow. The abdomen slightly
fuscous at the sides and apex. Smooth and shining. Erect pilosity
very sparse. A moderate pubescence on the legs and antennae, rare
on the body. Head nearly one-fourth longer than wide, the sides
feebly convex, the posterior margin straight, with the angles very

232 Annals of the South African Museum.

rounded. LHyes in the anterior third of the head, their diameter is a
little greater than half their distance from the base of the mandibles.
Clypeus moderately produced, with the carina and anterior margin
rounded. Mandibles smooth, 4-dentate. The scape falls short of
the posterior margin of the head by a length equal to one and a half
times its thickness. Second to 7th joints of the flagellum wider than
long, the 8th a little shorter and decidedly wider than the 9th, which is
a little longer than its apical width. Promesonotum convex, the
mesoepinotal suture deep. The two faces of the epinotum form a
strong convexity. First node of the petiole one-third longer than
high, rounded at the summit, twice as long as its peduncle. Second
node globose, as wide as the Ist, a little wider than long.

Durban, Natal, (H. B. Marley, leg.) ; received from G. Arnold under
the name of atomus, race mictilis, Forel. The latter is much less convex,
its 1st node smaller and more conical, the colour paler and the scapes
shorter.” Type in coll., Santschi.

M. AMBLYOPS, race BULAWAYENSE, Forel.

Page 236. The name of this race should be altered to Prossae Forel,
since the name bulawayensis has already been used for another form
in the genus (Forel, loc. cit., p. 418).

Page 238, sub-genus Mitara. The author of this sub-genus is Emery,
not Forel.

SuB-TRIBE SOLENOPSIDINI.
SOLENOPSIS ZAMBESIAE, N. sp.

8,2 mm. (minor ?). Straw-yellow, the head and promesonotum a
little darker and more ochreous. Moderately shining. Similar to
the § minor of S. punctaticeps, Mayr, from which
it differs as follows. Head and anterior half or
two-thirds of the promesonotum densely punc-
tured with large and deep punctures (in puncta-
ticeps the promesonotum is finely and very

eA:

pe sparsely punctured). Head and promesonotum
Fre. 66. = = with a very short, dense, erect and yellowish

a and b, S. zambesiae, '
in BF: pubescence, the rest of the body with a sparser

c, 8. Enea pubescence intermixed with longer and oblique
hairs, which are, however, much shorter than in
punctaticeps. The thorax is more elongate than in that species, and
the promesonotum is distinctly flattened above and less convex-
sided. The mesoepinotal constriction is much stronger, and the

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 233

suture consequently narrower. The dorsum of the epinotum is
narrower at the base than in punctaticeps, and the declivity is less
oblique, more distinctly delimited from the dorsum, which it equals
in length. The Ist node of the petiole is longer and rounder above,
and its anterior face is oblique, not vertical. The promesonotum is
one-third longer than wide (barely one-quarter in punctaticeps). The
eyes are smaller. The anterior margin of the median area of the
clypeus is furnished with a small tooth on each side, but the exterior
pair of teeth, which are present in punctaticeps, are entirely wanting.
Otherwise exactly like punctaticeps.

Rain Forest, Victoria Falls. 2 9% under damp bark.

Type in my collection.

SOLENOPSIS SEMILAEVIS, Mayr.

Page 247. Dr. Santschi refers this species to the genus Aeromyrma,
see following paragraph.

Trine PHEIDOLOGETINI.
AEROMYRMA TRAEGAORDHI, Santschi.

Page 257. In the Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85, p. 285, 1916, Dr.
Santschi placed this insect in synonymy with Aeromyrma (Solenopsis)
semilaeve, Mayr, adopting the opinion of Emery. However, in the Bull.
Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 52, p. 338, 1919, he reverts to his original view
and considers that Traegaordhi is to be regarded as a distinct species.
_ In the same paper that author has described several new forms of
Oligomyrmez. As it is exceedingly difficult to appreciate the details
of structure in these very minute insects without making transparent
balsam mounts, and as I have not sufficient specimens of all the
species to spare for that purpose, it seems preferable to copy Santschi’s
own descriptions, rather than to draw up new ones myself.

All the species which I have seen in life have been found under
stones or logs, or under the bark of fallen and decayed trees, in very
moist situations. They are all strongly photophobic, and, considering
their size, very quick in their movements. The soldier caste does not
appear to be of much importance in the economy of the species, as it
is rarely that more than two or three can be found in a nest.

It should be noted that Aeromyrma was erected as a genus distinct
from Oligomyrmex on account of having 10-jointed antennae instead of
the 9 which is found in the latter genus. However, since it has been
found that O. debilis, Santschi, has a 2| with 10-, and a & with 9-jointed

234 Annals of the South African Museum.

antennae, Emery has sunk Aeromyrma to the rank of a sub-genus of
Oligomyrmex. (Rend. Acc. Sc. Bologna, p. 59, 1914-5.)

OLIGOMYRMEX (s.g. AEROMYRMA) NANUS, Santschi.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., voll, 525 p. 338, 2, 2, Nolo:

“3, 1:2 mm. Dirty yellow, smooth and shining. Mesopleurae,
epinotum and petiole reticulate-punctate, the upper surface of the
nodes much more feebly so. Pilosity fine, short, more or less curved,
more abundant and shorter on the head than elsewhere, scantier on
the appendages. Head one-seventh longer than wide, the sides fairly
convex, the posterior margin straight or feebly concave. Hyes
atrophied or absent, placed in the anterior third. Frontal carinae
short, very divergent. Mandibles with 4 or 5 teeth. The scape
extends back to the posterior fourth of the head. Third to 6th joints
of the flagellum more than twice as wide as long, the last joint of the
club as long as the rest of the flagellum. Promesonotum ovoid, fairly
convex, the suture effaced above. Mesoepinotal suture deep.
Dorsum of epinotum slightly convex, submarginate, as long as the
declivity, together forming a rounded angle. Declivity more or less
marginate at the sides. First segment of petiole as long as high, the
node low and rounded above. Second node transversely oval, a little
more than one-third wider than long and equally wider than the Ist.

21. Thorax and abdomen of a more brownish yellow than in the 8.
The appendages paler, smooth and shining, except the mesopleurae,
epinotum, the 1st node and sides of the 2nd, which are reticulate.
Promesonotum, excluding the neck, pyriform, a little longer than
wide. The suture fairly distinct above. The promesonotum is
strongly convex, whereas the mesonotum has a fairly rectilinear
profile which is continued into the dorsum of the epinotum. Meso-
epinotal suture feeble. Hpinotum marginate, the dorsum wider in
front, as long as wide behind, and as long as the declivity. First seg-
ment of petiole longer than high, the node rounded. Second segment
of petiole transversely oval, twice as wide as long and two-fifths wider
than the Ist. (My unique example of the 2| lacks the head.)”’

Amatongas Forest, P.H.A. (Arnold leg.)

The head of the 2! is a little more than one-third longer than wide,
parallel-sided, the posterior angles rounded, the occipital margin widely
but shallowly concave, margined above by a weak and transverse
carina. The anterior third of the head, except the median area of the
clypeus, is longitudinally striate, strongly so at the sides, the striae

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 239

curved outwards around the antennal sockets. The median area of
the clypeus is vertical in front, its anterior margin feebly concave.
The frontal carinae widely divergent, not extending beyond the
anterior fifth of the head. The scapes do not extend back to the
middle of the head. Hyes absent. Type in coll., Santschi.

O. (s.g. AEROMYRMA) INCERTUS, Santschi.
Loc. ctt., p. 340, 8.

“8, 1-2 mm. Dark yellow, (reddish ochreous, the abdomen some-
what brownish, G.A.), terminal margin of the mandibles and a cloud
on the abdomen brownish yellow. Shining, smooth, excepting a few
striae on the cheeks ; mesonotum, epinotum and the nodes reticulate
and somewhat dull. Pilosity fine, short and sparsely distributed on
the body, shorter and closer on the head, visible on the limbs. Head
a full fifth longer than wide, the sides fairly convex, a little narrower
in front than behind, the posterior margin straight. The eyes consist
merely of a pigmented spot placed at the middle of the sides. The
frontal carinae reach the anterior third of the head. The fairly abrupt
clypeus has a long, rounded lobe, not much produced. Mandibles
4-dentate. The scape reaches the posterior fourth of the head. The
promesonotum forms a disc as wide as long and evenly convex. Meso-
epinotal suture fairly deep and striate. Dorsum of epinotum slightly
convex, as long as the declivity, their junction forming a rounded angle.
The declivity is marginate, but without raised lamellar ridges. The
1st node of the petiole is much more acuminate at the summit than
in the other species. The 2nd node transversely oval, half as wide
again as the Ist.”

Hillside, Bulawayo, under a stone. Type in coll., Santschi. (G.A.
coll.).

O. (s.g. AEROMYRMA) ARNOLDIELLA, Santschi.

Loc. cit., p. 340, 8, 21.

“8, 1-1-2 mm. Concolorous, dull yellow, smooth and shining.
Epinotum, mesopleurae and sides of the petiole feebly reticulate.
Pilosity shorter than in the 2|. Head one-eighth longer than wide,
the sides convex, the posterior margin barely concave. LHyes absent.
The scape reaches back to about the posterior fourth of the head.
Clypeus bicarinate, produced in the middle into a lobe, lightly excised.
Promesonotum much longer than wide, the suture almost obsolete
above, more distinct at the sides. The dorsum of the epinotum barely
convex, wider behind, and hardly shorter than the declivity; the

236 Annals of the South African Museum.

latter is barely marginate. First segment of the petiole short, the
node fairly angular but less acuminate at the summit than in incertus.
Second node one-third wider than long, twice as wide as the Ist.

2L. 2mm. Head yellowish brown, limbs and abdomen of a slightly
brownish yellow. Thorax of a colour intermediate, but darker in
front. Head striate, more strongly so in front, with large scattered
punctures ; the frons, middle of clypeus, mandibles (a few striae at
their base), the dorsum of the pronotum, of the 2nd node and of the
abdomen, smooth and shining. Epinotum, mesopleurae and rest of
the petiole reticulate-punctate. Pilosity fine, curved, fairly abundant,
especially on the head, where it is only half as long as on the body.

Head rectangular, nearly one-fourth longer than wide, the angles
well defined, the sides feebly arcuate, the posterior margin straight.
Kyes indistinct. The frontal carinae extend to the anterior third of
the head. Frontal area deep. Clypeus with two smoothed carinae
diverging towards the angles of a slight lobe which occupies the middle
third of the anterior margin. Mandibles with 5 teeth. The scape
hardly reaches the middle of the sides of the head. Thorax much
shorter than the head. Promesonotum as wide as long and moderately
convex; the promesonotal suture obsolete above. Mesoepinotal
suture fairly deep. Dorsum of epinotum feebly convex, shorter than
the declivity, with which it forms a rounded angle. First segment of
petiole as long as high, its node with a rounded summit and conical
profile, the peduncle short. Second node transversely oval, nearly
twice as wide as long and twice as wide as the first.”

Natal. (Haviland leg.), ex Natal Mus. coll. Type in coll.
Santschi.

O. (s-g. AEROMYRMA) SEMILAEVE, Mayr.

(Solenopsis) Mayr, Ann. K.K.N.H. Mus. Wien, vol. 16, p. 15, 8, 1901.
(O. Hewitic) Santschi, loc. cat., p. 341, 8, 21.

“|, 2:2 mm. Reddish yellow, slightly brownish; abdomen and
more particularly the head, darker. Limbs of a pale brownish yellow.
Pilosity exserted, curved, of variable length, fairly abundant all over,
shorter on the head, where it merges into pubescence. Pubescence
occurs chiefly on the legs and antennae. Head striate in front, trans-
versely towards the posterior margin, with the angles reticulate rather
than striate. The clypeus, a small frontal space and the mandibles
remain smooth and shining. Dorsum of the promesonotum and of
abdomen smooth, sparsely punctured, the sides of the petiole more

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 237

closely so. Epinotum and mesopleurae reticulate punctate. There
is a plexus of fine striae on the sides of the mesonotum and front of
the pronotum. Head rectangular, a little wider in front than behind,
nearly one-fourth longer than wide, the sides nearly straight, the
posterior margin hardly concave, the angles widely rounded. The
eyes, very mediocre and feebly convex, are placed in the anterior
third of the sides. Antennae 10-jointed, the scape not reaching the
anterior third of the head. Frontal carinae fairly distant, furnished
with raised lobes which cover the antennal sockets. Clypeus smooth
in the middle, striate at the sides, moderately lobate in front and
feebly excised in the middle. Behind it projects widely between the
frontal carinae ; the latter are continued along it in front as two feeble
and convergent carinae. Frontal area deeply impressed. Mandibles
smooth, with 5 or 6 teeth. Promesonotum globose, the suture in-
distinct above. Mesoepinotal suture not deep above, more marked
at the sides. Hpinotum deeply channelled from its base to the apex.
The floor of this excavation is a little convex from back to front, but
its walls are raised and form in profile a subdentate angle, whence the
dorsum of the epinotum appears a little longer than the declivity. First
segment of the petiole as high as long, the node rounded at the summit,
its anterior face longer than the peduncle, the latter with a small
tooth below. Seen from above, the summit of the node appears more
than twice as wide as long. Second node transversely oval, one and
two-thirds wider than long. Abdomen excavated at the base.”

Grahamstown, C.P., (Hewitt leg.), ex Albany Mus. coll. ; taken with
the 83. (The latter is described on p. 247 of this monograph.)

O. (AEROMYRMA) LucIDUS, Santschi.
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85, p. 284, 8, 1916.

“8,1-2mm. Yellow, shining, with a fine scattered puncturation and a
few striae in the metathoracic suture. The pubescence is very fine,
fairly outstanding and fairly abundant everywhere; a few longer
hairs round the mouth and on the abdomen. Head rectangular, a
little more than one-fourth longer than wide, the sides slightly convex,
the posterior margin straight. The eyes, atrophied or reduced to a
merely pigmented spot, are placed at the second 5th of the sides of
the head. Frontal carinae sinuate, very divergent posteriorly.
Clypeus convex, the anterior margin feebly arcuate in its middle third,
separated from the outer thirds by a very slight and wide based
prominence. Mandibles with 5 brownish teeth. Second to 7th joints

238 Annals of the South African Museum,

of the flagellum much wider than long, the 8th (1st of the club) almost
as wide as long, the last joint as long as the seven preceding joints
united. The promesonotum in profile forms a regular curve less
marked than in O. semilaevis, Mayr, and O. nossidambo, Forel. The
mesoepinotal suture is less deep. Promesonotal suture distinct
on the sides of the thorax, obsolete on the dorsum. Dorsum of
epinotum half as wide again as long, convex, merging into the longer
declivity. The sides have a margin which appears to prolong the
profile of the dorsum, making it appear as long as the declivity. Its
angles are distinct, but not dentate. The Ist joint of the petiole is as
high as long, lower than in semalaevis, Mayr. The summit is rounded
and the two faces equally oblique. Second joint of the petiole one-
third wider than long, almost one-half longer than the 1st. Abdomen
nearly twice as long as wide, truncate at the base.

Bunthorne Mine, Bulawayo, 1 specimen. It is perhaps the % of
A. africana, Forel, of which only the 2! is known.”

ANELEUS PERPUSILLUS, EHmery, race ARNOLDI, Forel.

2, (hitherto undescribed), 3°8 mm. Colour slightly darker than in
the 21, but like that caste in the shape of the head, the sculpture and
the pubescence. Head three-sevenths longer than wide, parallel-sided.
Scapes longer than in the 2|, extending back as far as the level of the
posterior margin of the eyes. The eyes fairly large, occupying one-
fifth of the sides and placed in the middle; ocelli not small, placed
close to the occipital transverse carina. Pronotum vertical in front,
moderately exposed above, the shoulders marginate, subrectangular,
transversely rugose. Mesonotum smooth and shining, very sparsely
punctured, about one-third longer than wide, moderately convex
transversely, nearly flat lengthwise. Scutellum subcircular, on the
same level as the mesonotum. Epinotum armed with two trans-
versely compressed and triangular teeth, directed outwards and
slightly downwards; dorsum of epinotum concave transversely
between the teeth, the vertical declivity about as long as the dorsum.
Second node of petiole one and three-quarter times wider than long,
produced at the sides inferiorly into flat or laminate obtuse angles.
Abdomen almost twice as long as wide, as long as the thorax and petiole
together, the lst segment as long as the remaining segments taken
together, parallel-sided. Dedlated. Otherwise like the 21.

Taken with 2|2| and %% in a populous nest under a stone.
Bulawayo.

Type in my collection.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 239

TrinE MYRMICARIINI.

MYRMICARIA STRIATA, Stitz, race PILOSA, n. st.

8, 6-6-3 mm. Smaller and darker than the type of the species.
Mandibles and scapes very dark reddish brown, the tip of the last joint
of the flagellum ferruginous, the rest of the body black.

Pilosity longer and much more abundant than in the type of the
species, especially on the thorax and abdomen, the hairs black. The
sculpture on the head is similar to that of the type, but the rugae are
stronger and a great deal more prominent. The promesonotum has
a strong median carina and 4 or 5 longitudinal rugae on each side of
same, and 2 or 3 transverse rugae on the anterior margin. The base
of the abdomen is microscopically coriaceous and dull. The pro-
mesonotum is relatively wider than in the type of the species, a little
wider across the anterior angles than long in the middle: the pro-
mesonotal suture clearly defined on the dorsum. The epinotal
spines are horizontal and parallel, a little longer and distinctly thinner
at the base than in the type species. The peduncle of the 1st joint
of the petiole is thinner and longer, straight when seen from the side,
not arcuate near the base as in the type of the species. Otherwise
hike the latter.

Amatongas Forest, Portuguese H.A. Common over all the Forest.

(S.A.M.,; R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

Race PILOSA, var. PALLIDA, n. Vv.

8, 4:9-5-2 mm. Castaneous brown, abdomen, legs and scapes
paler or raw umber. Pilosity brown, as long as in the type of the race
but not so coarse and bristly. The longi-
tudinal striae on the head more numerous
than in the type of the race, and extending
unbroken as far as the occipital foramen (in
the race some are anastomosed). The scapes
are only superficially striate. The dorsum of Q b
the epinotum narrower than in the type of Fic. 67.
the race, its lateral margins or carinae more —-Porsum of epinotum.
distinctly angulated outwards than in either 5. ee
the race or the type of the species. The Ist
node of the petiole is distinctly narrower, and hardly wider than the 2nd
node (very clearly wider in the types of the race and of the species) ; its
peduncle is also relatively shorter. Otherwise like the type of the race.

Viole) XOX PARI 2. 16

240 Annals of the South African Museum.

Much smaller than the race or species, and differing from both also
in the much shorter scapes, which extend beyond the hind margin of
the head by barely as much as the apical width of the scape, (by at
least two and a half times the apical width in the species and race).

Natal, 5300 ft., (Haviland), ex Natal Museum Coll.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

Race PILOSA, var. ANGUSTITHORAX, Ni. V.

8, 6 mm. Piceous, mandibles, thorax and peduncle of petiole
reddish dark brown. This variety differs from the type of the race as
follows. The striae on the middle of the back of the vertex are almost
obsolete. The longitudinal striae on the pronotum are wider apart,
the three middle ones strongest, the space between them shining.
Base of abdomen smooth and shining, not reticulate and dull as in the
race. The posterior margin of the head is moderately convex, nearly
straight in the race. The eyes are decidedly more prominent and placed
farther back, their distance from the hind margin being equal to about
their long diameter, (in the race fully one and a half times their long
diameter). The basal lateral lobes of the epinotum are much less
produced outwardly, the dorsum of the epinotum being almost
parallel-sided and longer than wide, whereas in the race the base of
the dorsum is distinctly angulated outwards on each side and is as
wide there as long in the middle. Seen in profile, in race pilosa the
dorsum of the epinotum slopes downwards from the mesoepinotal
suture to the apex of the spines, whereas in the variety it is hori-
zontal or directed slightly upwards. The promesonotal suture is
obsolete (distinct in the race). The nodes of the petiole are narrower,
the Ist, seen from above, being fully one-third longer than wide, (as
long as wide in the race).

Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8.R.

Type in my collection.

Myrmicaria Baumi, Forel.

This species, the largest of the genus, also occurs at Sawmills. The
nest is large and placed in sandy soil, the galleries extending fully 18
inches below the surface.

Trine THTRAMORIINI.

Genus TETRAMORIUM.

Since the publication of Part 3 of this work, several new forms have
been discovered, necessitating a complete revision of the key to the

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 241

species. More especially is this the case in the quadrispinosum and
sericewentre group.

The form previously described on page 278 as Blochmannt, race
continentis, Forel, although so determined by Dr. Forel himself,
cannot be identified with that race; in addition, the discovery of
several intermediate varieties from many parts of the African region
has made it possible for Dr. Santschi to revise the classification of the
group, (Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique du Nord, vol. 9, pp. 121-132, 1918).
This revision is valuable, especially in emphasising the close relation-
ship between quadrispinosum and sericeiventre, which are indeed no
more than the extremes of one species, characterised by the gradual
elimination, or addition, of sculpture. In some cases it is therefore
almost a matter of personal opinion as to whether a form should be
attached as a race or variety to either one or the other of those extremes.
On the other hand, it seems to me that Santschi has placed too much
reliance on the nature of the fine sculpture of the abdomen. The
effect of this sculpture, due to an exceedingly delicate and microscopic
striolation, is plainly appreciable under a low-power, giving the
integument a dull silky gloss, but the direction of the fine striae,
whether transverse or longitudinal, cannot as a rule be determined
with a magnification of much less than 60 diameters.

T. Bequaerti, Forel, and T. Gladstoner, Forel, are two other species
which are closely attached to the quadrispinosum-sericewentre group.

The form described on page 278 as continentis should be transferred
to sericewentre, Hmery, as the var. Vascor, Santschi. The form Gamavi,
Santschi, being the commonest form in 8. Rhodesia, has been used in
the following description as a basis for comparison with the others.

Key to the 88 of Tetramorium (s. str.), revised.

(22) 1. First node of petiole more or less squamiform.
ap sa » strongly and transversely striate; large species,
4-5-5 mm. long. B . grandinode, Santschi, var. hopensis, For.
. First node of petiole smooth ; smaller species, less than 4 mm. long.
(5) 4 Head longitudinally, sharply and evenly striate ; the striae continuous
from the anterior to the posterior margin; posterior margin of
clypeus not defined . - : : . repentinum, Arnold.
(4) 5. Head otherwise sculptured.
(9) 6. Pronotum or promesonotum in part smooth, the sculpture of the
thorax not coarse.
(8) 7. Pronotum, except in front, smooth and very shining ; clypeus carinate ;
epinotal spines shorter than the space between them
matopoensis, Arnold.

—
i)
~~
SN)

12,

13.

14,

15.

16.

7
18.

19.

20.
Zi

22.
23.
24.
25.

26.

27.

28.
29.
30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

Annals of the South African Museum.

. Promesonotum partially smooth; clypeus not carinate; epinotal

spines as long as the space between them . . Titus, Forel.

. Promesonotum coarsely rugose.
. First node of petiole, seen from behind, clearly wider than high.
. Body with a long, coarse and fairly abundant pilosity ; Ist node, seen

from behind, narrower above than below, irregularly hexagonal in
outline, each angle ending in a hair : . umtaliensis, Arnold.
Pilosity short, fine and scanty. Ist node, seen from behind as wide
above as below.
Sides of 2nd node, seen from above, subangular; head and thorax
reddish brown . : squaminode, Santschi, race do Forel,
Sides of 2nd node, seen eden above, rounded or straight ; head, thorax
and petiole reddish yellow . . squaminode, var. flaviceps, Arnold.
First node of petiole, seen from behind, as high as, or higher than wide.
Colour pale ochreous ; posterior face of Ist node distinctly convex
from above to below; 2°7 mm. long . , jeyunum, Arnold.
Colour reddish brown ; posterior face of 1st node almost flat.
Head and thorax longitudinally striato-rugose, with distinct anastomoses
between the striae : : : Akermam, Arnold.
The head, or head and ae een GEE elke striate, without anasto-
moses.
Second node twice as wide as long . Akermani, var. frigidwm, Arnold.
os », one and a half times wider than long
Akerman, var. drakensbergensis, Arnold.
First node of petiole not squamiform.
Eyes very small, composed of not more than two or three facets.
Head longer than wide, parallel-sided, hardly wider than the prothorax
Warren, Arnold.
Head as wide as, or wider than long, convex-sided, wider than the
prothorax.
First node of petiole considerably narrowed in front ; seen from above
the anterior margin acutely convex or semi-elliptical
subcoecum, Forel, var. inscia, Forel.
First node not much narrower in front than behind ; seen from above,
the anterior margin is only moderately convex.
Traegaordht, Santschi.
Eyes not very small, composed of many facets.
The scapes extend back as far as, or beyond the occipital margin.
Promesonotum smooth and shining; or with a few rugae, in which
case the whole body is pitchy black and shining.
A distinct demiscrobe present; the lst node of the petiole thin, as
wide as long above, the 2nd node fully half as wide again as the Ist.
laevithorax, Emery.
No scrobes ; nee node of petiole thick, longer than wide, the 2nd node
hardly one-third wider than the Ist.
Shining, colour entirely pitchy black, the sides and back of the head
pitted . : . quadrispinosum, Emery, race Beirae, Arnold.
Head and thorax ferruginous, head not pitted
quadrispinosum, race otaviensis, Arnold.

56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 243

. Promesonotum sculptured, not very shining.

. First node, seen from above, wider than long . . Frenchi, Forel.
es Be be longer than wide, or at least as long as
wide.
. First node coarsely sculptured, rugoso-punctate.

. A demiscrobe present.
. Frontal carinae almost parallel.
. Yellowish red-brown ; sculpture of promesonotum not very coarse

setigerum, Mayr.

. Dark brown, the abdomen black; sculpture of promesonotum very

coarse : : setigerum, race quaerens, Forel,

. Frontal carinae creameuly Auer posteriorly

quaerens, var. amatongae, Arnold.

. Scrobes entirely absent.
. Clypeus convex transversely ; epinotal spines short, shorter than the

space between their bases ; eyes not very large.

. Head nearly one-fifth longer than wide . ; Gladstonei, Forel.
. Head nearly one-third longer than wide

Gladstonei, var. seposita, Santschi.

. Clypeus flat transversely ; epinotal spines long, longer than the space

between their bases ; eyes decidedly large. longicorne, Forel.

. First node finely sculptured, at least not rugoso-punctate.
. Pronotum microscopically reticulate, almost smooth, shining, without

striae or rugae . : : quadrispinosum, Emery.

. Pronotum with or without sihiae kad rugae, but at least distinctly

reticulate or reticulate-punctate, and usually dull.

. Whole abdomen shining, only microscopically reticulate at the extreme

base, never striolate nor with a dull silky lustre.

. Pilosity scanty on the body, the abdomen almost glabrous

quadrispinosum, race eudoxia, Forel.

. Pilosity fairly abundant.
. Fundamental reticulation on the posterior half of the head and on the

promesonotum distinct, the head only slightly shining
Bequaerti, Forel, race bulawayensis, Forel.
Fundamental reticulation on the head and promesonotum almost
effaced, at least the head distinctly shining
race bulawayensis, var. Bruni, Sant,

At least the basal part of the Ist dorsal abdominal segment striolate
and duller than the rest of the abdomen.

Whole dorsal surface of Ist abdominal segment, except the sides,
sculptured and dull; the sculpture is a microscopically fine striation,
so close as to produce a slight silky lustre.

The striation on the Ist segment longitudinal, resolvable under a
magnification of about 65 diameters.

Abdomen of the same colour as the head and thorax, cinnamomeous,
rarely darker, entirely dull

sericeiventre, Emery, race cinnamomeum, Arnold.

Abdomen entirely or partially of a colour different from that of the

thorax.

63.

64.

65.

66.
67.
68.
69.

70.

71.

72.

73.

74.

75.

76.
ail.

78.

79.

80.

81.

82.
83.

84.
85.

86.

Annals of the South African Museum.

. Abdomen concolorous, dark brown or piceous; head and thorax

castaneous red . ‘ . sericeiventre, var. Vascoi, Santschi.
Abdomen dark rusty ed on the basal third, the rest piceous; head
lighter than the thorax, of a burnt-sienna colour
sericerventre, var. Gamat, Santschi.
The direction of the striation on the abdomen not resolvable even with
a magnification of 65 diameters.
Bright ferruginous, femora and abdomen blackish, the latter striolate
and dull at the base, the rest of the abdomen smooth ; 3:4 mm.
sericeiventre, race femoratum, Emery.
Dark burnt-sienna red, the apical half of the abdomen darker or
brownish red; 3°7 mm. . femoratum, var. transversa, Santschi.
Only the basal third of the 1st abdominal segment dull and sculptured.
Base of abdomen simply striolate . femoratum, var. colluta, Sant.
Base of abdomen distinctly reticulate, with or without a striolation
in addition. :
Pronotum reticulate, with superimposed rugae which are as wide as
the spaces between them
sericeiventre, race inversa, var. defricta, Santschi.
Pronotum reticulate, with rugae which are narrower than the spaces
between them.
Abdomen reddish brown, the base rusty red; head pitted, the pits
fairly large and well defined ; 3°5 mm.
sericewventre, race continentis, Forel.
Abdomen black or piceous, the base hardly, or not at all paler; the
pitting of the head shallow.
Pronotum fairly convex, with fairly regular and thick longitudinal
rugae ; ; continentis, var. Georget, Santschi.
Pronotum flatter, she rugae thinner and less regular
continentis, var. Platonis, Santschi.
The scapes do not extend back as far as the occipital margin.
Pubescent hairs on the body flattened, almost scale-like and closely
adpressed.
First node above, nearly twice as wide behind as in front; epinotal
spines as long as the space between their bases setuliferum, Emery.
First node above, one and a half times as wide behind as in front ;
epinotal spines shorter than the space between their bases
setuliferum, race cluna, Forel.
Pubescent hairs simple, not scale-like.
Epinotal spines very long, as long as the dorsum of the epinotum
Joffrei, Forel.
Epinotal spines shorter than the dorsum of the epinotum.
Epinotal spines or teeth distinctly longer than they are wide at the
baze (or as long, vexator).
Pronotum finely striate or rugoso-striate, not reticulate.
First node, seen from the side, cuneiform, with only an anterior vertical
and a posterior oblique face. : 5 . vexator, Arnold.
First node, seen from the side, not sect ta with a distinct dorsal, as
well as anterior and posterior faces.

(100) 101.

(99) 102.

(98) 103.
(107) 104.

(106) 105.
(105) 106.
(104) 107.

(97) 108.
(110) 109.
(109) 110.

Goalie

(115) 112.
nay ey

(113) 114.

(112) 115.

87.
88.

89.
90.
91.
92.
93.

94.

) 95.
) 96.
(108) 97.
) 98.
) 99.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 245

Dorsal face of Ist node wie longer than wide; colour dark
yellowish red Popovici, Forel.

Dorsal face of 1st node as “fide as, Or a little wider than long; colour
pale ochreous capensis, Mayr, and var. Braunst, Forel.

Pronotum reticulate or sparsely rugose.

Nodes of petiole rugose and dull.

A distinct demiscrobe present ;

Base of abdomen not sculptured ; guineense, Fab.

Basal two-fifths of abdomen dull and Iencdinatnallly striate

Bacchus, Forel.

No demiscrobes ; head as wide as long (basal two-fifths of abdomen
longitudinally striate and dull) Peringueyi, Arnold.

Nodes of petiole smooth and shining : Grassi, Emery.

Epinotal spines or teeth not longer than they are wide at the base.

Larger species, not less than 3°5 mm. long.

No trace of scrobes.

Epinotal teeth longer than the episternal ; scapes not nearly reaching
the occipital margin.

head longer than wide.

100. Dorsum of epinotum hardly twice as long as wide at the base, its

junction with the oblique sides rounded; the mesoepinotal suture
feeble solidum, Emery, var. signatum, Em.
Dorsum of epinotum two and a half times longer than wide at the
base, marginate laterally, its junction with the vertical sides
rectangular ; mesoepinotal suture fairly deep
solidum, var. Tuckeri, Arnold.
Epinotal teeth not longer than the episternal; the scapes extend back
almost as far as the occipital margin Jauresi, Forel.
A more or less distinct demiscrobe present.
Dorsal profile of thorax feebly convex or straight ;
distinct.
Larger species, 5 mm. or more; Ist segment of petiole with the
peduncle less than half as long as the node simulator, Arnold.
Smaller species, 3°5 mm.; peduncle of Ist segment of petiole as long
as the node lobulicorne, Santschi.
Dorsal profile of thorax amines angulated at the promesonotal
junction ; epinotal teeth almost obsolete.
Emeryi, Mayr, race cristulatum, Forel.
Smaller species, less than 3°5 mm. long.
Abdomen dull, closely and finely punctured = semireticulatum, Arnold.
Abdomen shining, not closely punctured, or if so, only at the extreme
base.
Epinotal teeth fairly large, at least distinctly larger and longer than the
episternal.
Colour of body entirely black, or nearly so.
Scapes, legs and mandibles reddish yellow; thorax in greater part
finely reticulate-punctate argenteopilosum, Arnold.
Scapes, legs and mandibles iNova aia

epinotal teeth

thorax coarsely rugoso-reticulate
oculatum, Forel.
Colour more or less yellow, yellowish red or dark castaneous red.

246

(117) 116.

(116) 117.

(119) 118.

(118) 119.
(121) 120.

(120) 121.
(128) 122.

(122) 123.

(111) 124.

(128) 125.
126.

(127)

(126) 127.

(125) 128.
(130) 129.

(129)
(132)

(131)
(134)

(133)
(136)

(135)
(138)

(137)

130.

131.

132.
133.

134.

135.

136.
137.

138.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Dark castaneous red; pronotum strongly marginate in front, head
and thorax very strongly and longitudinally rugose, the rugae
prominent : somniculosum, Ar old.

Yellowish, or yellowish red ;
sculpture of thorax not very coarse.

A complete scrobe present; sutures on dorsum of thorax entirely

pionotum not marginate in front,

absent ; thorax and nodes microscopically reticulate-punctate and.
dull. . : : ‘ 5 Arnoldi, Forel.
Scrobes, if present, not complete ; hora with a fine rugose

sculpture.
Second node of petiole as wide as long ; a trace of a demiscrobe present.
simillimum, Smith, var. shilohensis, Forel.
Second. node wider than long.
Sculpture fine ; no trace of a scrobe ; 2°2 mm. long
pusillum, Emery, var. mossamedensis, Forel.
Sculpture coarser ; a slight trace of a scrobe present ; 2°5 mm. long
longot, Forel.
Epinotal teeth small, as large as, or smaller than the episternal, or
nearly obsolete.
Second node fully half as wide again as the Ist.
Anterior margin of the dorsal face of the Ist node semi-elliptical ;
epinotal teeth obsolete ; colour pale straw-yellow
incruentatum, Arnold.
Anterior margin of the dorsal face of the Ist node semi-circular ;
epinotal teeth distinct ; colour reddish ochreous
incruentatum, var. tuteolum, Arnold.
Second node much less than half as wide again as the Ist.
First node, seen from the side, subconical ; its anterior margin strongly
episternal teeth larger than the epinotal
simillimum, race isipingense, Forel.
First node merely slightly convex or even flat in profile, its anterior
margin almost straight.
Promesonotum shining, almost smooth
sumillimum, var. Power, Forel.
ie dull, distinctly sculptured.
Scrobes entirely absent ; the frontal carinae do not extend back beyond
the middle of the head pusillum, race tablense, Forel.
Hither a trace of a scrobe present, or the frontal carinae extend back
nearly as far as the occipital margin.
Dorsum of the epinotum two and a half times longer than the declivity
pusillum, race ladismithensis, Forel.
Dorsum of epinotum less than twice as long as the declivity.
Head slightly shining, not longer than wide ; 2°5 mm. long
intextum, Santschi, var. cataractae, Sant.
Head dull, a little longer than wide; 2:2 mm. long
simillimum, Smith.

convex ;

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 247

T. SERICEIVENTRE, Hmery, var. vAscol, Santschi.
Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique du Nord, vol. 9, p. 128, 8, 9, 1918.

“8, 3-6 mm. Yellowish red, abdomen and posterior femora light
brown, the rest of the limbs rusty yellow. Sides of the head rugose,
reticulate as in var. arenarvum, Santschi; the rugae on the pronotum
are parallel, fine and distant, and are effaced on the mesonotum and
epinotum, which are only reticulate-punctate, like the upper surface
of the two nodes. Abdomen with silky lustre, finely striolate as in
arenarvum. Head wider behind and with more rounded angles than
in arenarvum. Frontal area wide. Second joint of the flagellum
one-fourth longer than wide. Pre-epinotal impression feeble, more so
than in arenarium. Hpinotal spines shorter than the space between
them and as long as the episternal.”

2,5mm. Bulawayo, 8.R. (Arnold leg.).

My paratypes of this variety (collected from the same nest as the
types which were sent to Santschi) do not agree with the above
description. The colour is much darker than stated therein, and I am
quite unable to distinguish the least degree of a striolation of the
abdomen, which is only microscopically reticulate at the base.

T. SERICEIVENTRE, var. GAMAII, Santschi.
IDO, Cin We WAS, teh

8, 3:5-3-8 mm. Head burnt-sienna brown, distinctly of a paler
colour than the thorax and petiole, which are dark castaneous brown.
The abdomen is of the same colour as the thorax, except on the basal
third, where it is paler and of a burnt-sienna brown, or ferruginous,
(“roussatre,’ Santschi). The legs and antennae are brownish ochreous,
the femora somewhat darker. The head has a few whitish and erect
hairs, chiefly on the front, the thorax two or three in front, the nodes
of the petiole with two each near their posterior margins, and the
abdomen with a few on the apical half, otherwise the insect is nearly
glabrous.

The fundamental sculpture of the head, thorax and petiole consists
of a fine and close reticulate puncturation. The sides and back of the
head have a few rugae superimposed, wider and coarser in front of the
eyes, more or less anastomosed or reticulate, leaving round and shallow
pit-like areas in between. The space between the frontal carinae and
the vertex is longitudinally striate. The clypeus is rugulose and
strongly carinate in the middle, the mandibles closely and longitudi-

248 Annals of the South African Museum.

nally striate and dull. On the dorsum of the thorax there is a super-
imposed sculpture of rugae, chiefly longitudinal on the pro- and
mesonotum, becoming less distinct or effaced towards the posterior
half of the mesonotum ; the dorsum of the epinotum with a few more
or less transverse rugae. The sculpture is strongest near the anterior
border of the pronotum, which is marginate. The sides of the thorax
are more or less longitudinally and feebly rugoso-striate. The nodes
of the petiole are shallowly pitted, more closely at the margins than in
the middle. The lst segment of the abdomen is microscopically
rugulose near the base, longitudinally striolate or aciculate all over.
Head quadrate, slightly longer than wide, and a little wider than the
prothorax. Mesoepinotal suture wide and shallow, the epinotal teeth
a little longer than the episternal, shorter than the distance between
their bases. The dorsum of the epinotum, not very clearly delimited
from the sides, widens towards the apex and is nearly twice as long as
wide at the base. First node of the petiole as wide behind as long,
narrowed in front; 2nd node cupuliform, widest behind, about one-
third wider than long and equally wider than the lst. The whole
body dull.
Bulawayo, Gwaai, and Salisbury, S.R.
(S.A.R., R.M., G.A. colls.)

T. SERICEIVENTRE, race INVERSA, Santschi, var. DEFRICTA, Santschi.
(race), Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 78, p. 384, 8, 1909.
Wales, UGG, Ciba, 19. IAG), &

8, 3-5-3-6 mm. Head, thorax and petiole pale yellowish ferru-
ginous, the thorax a little darker than the head. The colour much paler
than in Gamaw. Abdomen brownish black, slightly reddish brown
near the base. Head more strongly sculptured than in Gamaz, the
sides almost as strongly rugoso-reticulate behind as in front, the
vertex more distantly and less regularly striate than in Gamaw. The
dorsum of the thorax, except just between the epinotal teeth, coarsely
and chiefly longitudinally rugose, the rugae not much narrower than
the spaces between them. The epinotal teeth are as long as the space
between their bases, and a little longer than the episternal. Abdomen
shining, except the basal third or fourth of the Ist segment which is
microscopically reticulate-rugulose, with a faint suggestion of a
longitudinal striolation.

2°, 5-2 mm. Head much more strongly sculptured than in the 8.
Mesonotum and scutellum strongly and longitudinally striate, the

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 249

dorsum of the epinotum transversely striate, the nodes of the petiole
reticulate-rugose. The abdomen dull except at the sides; the 1st
segment transversely and finely striate at the base, longitudinally
striolate elsewhere, the striolae divergent towards the sides. Hpinotal
teeth not longer than the episternal, barely half as long as the space
between their bases. First node of petiole shorter than in the §,
hardly longer than wide. Wings flavo-hyaline, the nervures ochreous.

Malindi, 8.R.; Basutoland and Natal.

(R.M., G.A. colls.)

i, SERICEIVENTRE, race CINNAMOMEUM D0. Ir.

8, 3°33 mm. Abdomen usually of the same colour as the head and
thorax, which is a yellowish red, or cinnamon. Occasionally some
individuals from the same nest may have the abdomen a little darker
than the rest of the body, but although darker, the colour is of the
same kind. The pronotum is more sharply marginate in front, and
the sculpture is more distinctly reticulate, the longitudinal rugae
being less emphasised than in the type of the species. Epinotal spines
shorter, hardly longer than the episternal, and not longer than the
interval between their bases. First node of the petiole sharply
truncate behind, so that its posterior face is vertical, not oblique as
in the type of the species. Abdomen with the same sort of sericeous
reflection as in the type of the species.

Amatongas Forest, P.H.A., the nest under a sleeper on the railway ;
Beira, P.H.A.,common. Type in my collection.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

T. SERICEIVENTRE, race FEMORATUM, Emery,
var. TRANSVERSA, Santschi.

DOG, Cll, 1, WAS, S-

8, 3°7 mm. Dark burnt-sienna red, the head a little paler, the legs
paler than the head. Abdomen dark reddish brown, the basal third
paler and of the same colour as the petiole. Vertex of head distantly
striate ; the frontal carinae extend farther backwards than in Gamav
and are almost parallel, (distinctly divergent in Gamaz). The pro-
mesonotum coarsely rugose lengthwise, the dorsum of the epinotum
transversely rugose. The sides of the head are less parallel than in
Gamaw. Nodes of petiole a little narrower than in that variety.
Epinotal teeth not longer than the episternal. First segment of
abdomen dull, microscopically reticulate-rugulose.

250 Annals of the South African Museum.

Pretoria. (G.A., coll.) Type in coll. Santschi.

Santschi describes the Ist segment as being finely striolate trans-
versely. With a magnification of 60 diameters in a Zeiss stereoscopic
binocular microscope, I fail to see any transverse sculpture ; if any-
thing, there is a faint indication of a longitudinal aciculation.

Race FEMORATUM, var. COLLUTA, Santschi.
IGG Cin, Oa WAS), Sp

“8, 2-6mm. Dark red, abdomen black, the base slightly brownish.
Legs and antennae rusty red. Frontal striae more widely spaced than
in arenarvum, with large punctured interspaces. Sides of the head
and the occiput more delicately reticulate-rugose than in that variety.
Pronotum with about 7 or 8 irregular and anastomosed rugae.
Mesonotum reticulate-rugose, the dorsum of the epinotum and of the
nodes reticulate-punctate, the latter also pitted. The middle of the
1st abdominal segment smooth and shining, the base and apical margin
finely and transversely striolate. Head a little narrower than in
arenarvum ; the scape extends beyond the hind margin of the head by
as much as twice its own apical width. Mesoepinotal suture feeble.
Hpinotal teeth shorter than the space between them, as long as the
episternal. Node of the petiole relatively lower and more elongate
than in arenarvum.”

Durban, (F. Demarchi leg.).

T. SERICEIVENTRE, race CONTINENTIS, FOREL.

(1. Blochmanni, race) Forel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 54,
p. 426, %, 1910.

8,3°5mm. Head and thorax dull, burnt-sienna brown, the posterior
half of the thorax and the petiole somewhat darker. Abdomen dark
brown, shining, the basal third in the middle dull and microscopically
reticulate. The round spaces enclosed between the reticulations on
the head are larger and more numerous than in Gamazt, occurring also
on the posterior half of the median area. The rugae on the prothorax
finer and farther apart than in Gamaw; the mesoepinotal suture
barely defined. The nodes of the petiole are distinctly narrower than
in Gamaw ; the 1st is one-third longer than wide behind, and the 2nd
is barely wider than long. Episternal teeth as long as the epinotal.

Natal, (Haviland leg.), ex Natal Mus. coll.

(G.A. coll.)

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 251

Race CONTINENTIS, var. PLATONIS, Santschi. ~
Loe. cit., p. 130, 8.

“3, 3-3°2 mm. Red, slightly dark. Antennae and legs rusty red,
the femora darker. Abdomen blackish brown, the base somewhat
paler. Frontal striae fine, interrupted, reaching the occiput; the
rugae on the sides of the head coarser, enclosing large confluent
punctures. Rugae on the pronotum irregularly longitudinal, narrower
than the spaces between them, but more pronounced than in con-
tenentis or eudoxia. The rest of the thorax and petiole reticulate-
punctate, with a few very fine rugae. In addition, large punctate pits
occur on the petiole. Abdomen reticulate at the base, with some
transverse and longitudinal striolae on the anterior third, with a fine
reticulum superimposed. The rest of the abdomen shining. Head
slightly shorter and with the angles more rounded than in arenariwm.
The epinotal and episternal teeth subequal. This form differs from
race continentis by the stronger rugae on the pronotum, which is also
flatter and distinctly marginate.”

Basutoland, (Wroughton leg.).

Race CONTINENTIS, var. GEORGEI, Santschi.
Loe. cit. p. 131, 9; 9.

“8 3-5 mm. Colour like that of Platonis, but the base of the
abdomen as dark as the rest of the segment. Sculpture similar to
that of Platonis, but the space around the antennal sockets is less
coarsely rugose. The pits on the posterior angles of the head
shallower, the rugae on the pronotum more regular. The nodes are
less pitted and the abdomen is smooth, barely finely reticulate at the
base, not striolated. Head and antennae as in continentis, the pro-
notum feebly convex, (more so, and less distinctly marginate than in
Platonis). The epinotal spines are longer and higher than in that
variety, from which this one differs also by the more regular and thicker
thoracic rugae.

2, 38-5 mm. Sculpture stronger, the dorsum of the abdomen
longitudinally striolate, reticulate at the base. Mesonotum and
scutellum strongly and regularly striate lengthwise. Epinotal and
episternal teeth large, horizontal, subequal. Petiole longer than in
the %, with a strong prominence on the lower side of the 2nd node.
3, 4:8 mm. long.”

Bulawayo ; type in coll. Santschi.

252 Annals of the South African Museum.

T. QUADRISPINOSUM, Emery, var. EUDOXIA, Forel.

This variety, described on p. 280 as a var. of continentis, must like
that race be transferred to quadrispinosum. The race elegans, Santschi,
(loc. cit., p. 125), is only a synonym, differing from eudoxia type by no
more than a slightly paler colour of the head ; it is also derived from
the same locality, Willowmore, C.P.

‘lie QUADRISPINOSUM, race BEIRAE, N. If.

8, 3°8-4 mm. Pitch black; antennae and mandibles dark cast-
aneous brown, the tibiae dark brown with the basal third paler or
rusty red, tarsi dark brownish ochreous. Shining, the abdomen
except at the base, strongly so. The sculpture of the head is similar
to that of the type of the species, but the very fine fundamental
reticulation is totally absent, (except near the occupital margin), being
replaced by a more or less longitudinal rugulosity. The striae on the
vertex between the frontal carinae are stronger and more widely
spaced. The sides and posterior half of the head are sparsely, but
distinctly, pitted. The pits are entirely wanting in the type of the
species. The fundamental sculpture of the thorax and petiole is a
very fine and superficial reticulation. The shoulders of the pronotum
laterally, a round spot on the mesopleurae and the declivity of the
epinotum lack this reticulation and are quite smooth. Pronotum with
some widely spaced, thin and longitudinal striae, the anterior margin
slightly rugose, the dorsum of the epinotum transversely and very
superficially striate, the sides of the thorax obliquely striate, the striae
fine and irregular. Nodes of petiole a little dull and coriaceous at the
sides, sparsely pitted above. Basal 4th of abdomen microscopically
reticulate-rugulose and only moderately shining. Legs shining.

Posterior angles of the head less rounded than in the type of the
species, the pronotal shoulders more pronounced. Mesoepinotal
impression deeper than in the type of the species, the dorsum of the
epinotum narrower and less convex transversely, more distinctly
delimited from the sides. The epinotal teeth relatively longer, a little
longer than the episternal, and directed more upwards. The Ist node
is only one-fourth longer than wide, more convex-sided than in the
type of the species ; its anterior face is vertical, not oblique and merg-
ing gradually into the peduncle as in the type of the species.

This race differs from the type of the species chiefly in the larger size,
the black colour, the pitting of the head, and the shape of the Ist node.

Beira, P.H.A. Type in my collection.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 253

T. QUADRISPINOSUM, race OTAVIENSIS, Nn. r.

8, 3:6-3°8 mm. Head, thorax, petiole and legs pale burnt-sienna
red, abdomen dark brown, paler at the base. A long, pale yellowish
and outstanding pilosity on the body, fairly sparse. Legs with a long
and oblique pubescence. Shining, especially the abdomen. Head
with a few longitudinal and interrupted rugae on the sides, widely
spaced and without anastomoses. The vertex with a few thin,
interrupted striae. Promesonotum smooth. The mesopleurae and
sides of the epinotum with oblique, widely spaced and large rugae
which are continued transversely over the dorsum of the epinotum.
Nodes of petiole with a few superficial striae at the sides. Abdomen
smooth. Anterior angles of pronotum widely rounded. Dorsum of
epinotum wider than in the type of the species, the epinotal teeth
relatively longer and more acute. First node relatively shorter,
hardly one-third longer than its peduncle, which is narrower
than in the type of the species. Seen from the side, its anterior
face 1s oblique, as in the type of the species, but its junction
with the dorsal face is more rounded, and the latter is more convex
lengthwise.

Tolerably distinct from the type of the species by its shining integu-
ment, loose sculpture and long pilosity.

Otavi, 8. W. Africa, (Lightfoot leg.). Type in 8.A.M. coll.

(S.A.M., G.A. colls.)

T. MICROGYNA, Santschi.
Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique du Nord, vol. 9, p. 132, 9, 1919.

Some confusion has arisen as to the provenance of this insect,
probably owing to the specimen having become loosened from its
mount during transit through the post. Santschi remarks that it was
received with T. quadrispinosum, race elegans, (=eudoxia), and that
owing to its size, sculpture, etc., he regards it as a distinct species,
probably parasitic. He also says that it comes from Natal, (Haviland
leg.). This is erroneous, the 8% specimens with which it was sent to
Dr. Santschi, and mounted on the same card, being the race continentis
of servcewventre. In my opinion, it is the female of that race. Possibly
owing to its rather unusually small size, (3-5 mm.), the same as that
of the worker, one may assume that it exhibits a temporary social
parasitism in the founding of its nests, similar to many palaearctic
ants with microgynous females.

254 Annals of the South African Museum.

T. GLADSTONE!, Forel, var. sEposiTa, Santschi.
Loe. ctt., p. 131, 8.

8, 3-6-4 mm. Head and thorax of a brighter red colour than in the
type of the species. Rugosity of the head and nodes of petiole less
coarse than in the type of the species, the dorsum of the epinotum
distinctly and transversely rugose. The striation at the base of the
abdomen finer. Head plainly narrower, being nearly one-third longer
than wide, (a little more than one-fifth in the type of the species), the
posterior angles less rounded.

Victoria Falls, Belingwe, Bulawayo, 8. Rhodesia,

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

T. BEQUAERTI, Forel, race BRUNI, Santschi.
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85, p. 285, 8, 1917.

8,3 mm. Yellowish red, or pale burnt-sienna, antennae and legs
paler, the apical half of the abdomen brown. Posterior half of the
head and abdomen shining; thorax above slightly shining, the rest
dull. The sculpture is like that of race bulawayensis but much more
superficial, the posterior half of the head and the vertex between the
frontal carinae being almost smooth, or with the striae nearly effaced.
Base of abdomen striolate and dull as in bulawayensis. The sculpture
of the promesonotum is also nearly efiaced. The epinotal teeth are
fully half as long again as the episternal, (in bulawayensis barely
longer). Otherwise like race bulawayensis.

Hillside, Bulawayo; 1 % in my collection.

Race BRUNI, var. MASHONA, Nn. V.

8,3mm. Darker than the race, and like it with the head and thorax
fairly shining. It differs from it and from the type of the species and
race bulawayensis in having the dorsum of the epinotum strongly and
transversely rugose.

Umtali, 8.R. Nesting in sandy paths. Type in my collection.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

T. MATOPOENSIS, 0. sp.

3,2-5mm. Blackish brown; mandibles, legs and antennae brownish
ochreous, the club of the antennae darker. A few outstanding, pale

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 255

yellowish hairs on the head, thorax and petiole; legs and abdomen
with a sparse, decumbent and very short pubescence, very scanty
on the abdomen. Pronotum, petiole and abdomen smooth and very
shining. Head moderately shining, with a fundamental and exceed-
ingly superficial reticulation, effaced in the middle of the posterior
half. The sides of the head are reticulate-rugose, the rugae thin and
wide apart; behind the eyes the reticulation closer and finer. The
demiscrobe is nearly smooth. The vertex has about 10 interrupted,
longitudinal and thin striae. The clypeus is longitudinally striate
(about 5 striae) and not carinate. Mandibles smooth and shining.
sparsely punctured, armed with 3 teeth
in front, indistinctly denticulate behind.
Mesonotum and basal half of the dorsum
of the epinotum finely striate, the striae
wide apart, anastomosed here and there.
Sides of thorax superficially reticulate,
with a few thin rugae superimposed.
Head, excluding the mandibles, a trifle
longer than wide, slightly narrower in
front than behind, the posterior angles
widely rounded, the posterior margin
moderately convex. First joint of flagel-
lum a little longer than wide, the 2nd—5th
fully twice as wide as long, the 6th a little
wider than long. The scapes do not quite
reach the occipital margin, the demiscrobes
are indistinctly defined below. Eyes con-
vex, fairly prominent, placed at the middle of
thesides. Anterior margin of clypeus convex.

Promesonotum with fairly distinct but rounded anterior angles ;
it is very convex transversely and lengthwise, as long as wide in
front, narrowed at the promesonotal suture (which is defined only
on the sides), and more so at the mesoepinotal suture. The latter
is wide and shallow. Dorsum of epinotum quadrate, moderately
oblique, about one-fifth wider than long. Epinotal teeth triangular,
acute, a little longer than their basal width, a little shorter than the
distance between their bases, twice as long as the episternal teeth ;
the declivity vertical, half as long as the dorsum of the epinotum.
First node of the petiole squamiform, the dorsal edge rounded from
front to back, higher than long and higher than the 2nd node. Seen
from behind, it is slightly narrower below than above, and a little

VOL. XXIII, PART 2. 17

Fic. 68.—T. matopoensis.

256 Annals of the South African Museum.

wider than high; 2nd node transversely oval, convex transversely
and from front to back, twice as wide as long, and about half as wide
again as the Ist. Abdomen subglobose, a little longer than wide.
Femora not greatly swollen. In general appearance this species is
not unlike 7. (Xiphomyrmex) Humblotr, Forel, but it is a true Tetra-
morium with 12-jointed antennae.

Mt. Bambata, Matopos, 8.R., 4800 feet. Under moss and dead
leaves.

Type in my collection.

TETRAMORIUM UMTALIENSIS, 0. sp.

8, 3mm. Head and thorax varying from a pale dirty ochreous to
pale yellowish brown, the head usually darker than the thorax. First
abdominal segment brown, the rest
brownish ochreous. Legs and anten-
nae ochreous, the club of the latter
reddish ochreous. Body with an erect,
pale yellowish, long and coarse pilo-
sity, fairly abundant, longest on the
thorax and nodes. Legs and anten-
nae with a sparse and decumbent
pubescence. Head and dorsum of
thorax longitudinally reticulate-rug-
ose, the rugae widely spaced, thin,
prominent and of a darker colour than
the rest of the integument, the spaces
between the rugae smooth and shin-
ing. A distinct demiscrobe present,
closely and superficially reticulate and
fairly dull. Mandibles dull, closely
and finely striate. The clypeus has 4 or 5 longitudinal rugae, the
median one strongest. Sides of thorax shallowly reticulate-punctate,
with an irregular rugose reticulum superimposed ; declivity of epi-
notum transversely striate. Nodes of petiole shining, sparsely and
feebly rugose. Abdomen smooth and shining, the basal fourth of the
lst segment strongly striate fanwise. The rugae of the head and
thorax are finer than in the race do of squaminode, and much more
anastomosed. Head slightly narrowed anteriorly, about one-sixth
longer than wide behind, the posterior angles rounded, the posterior
margin straight. Eyes convex and prominent, placed at the middle
of the sides. Frontal carinae widely divergent backwards, forming the

Fie. 69.—T. umtaliensis.
A, petiole seen from behind.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Afreea. 257

upper margins of the demiscrobes ; 2nd-—7th joints of the flagellum
twice as wide as long. Pronotum in front transversely convex ; the
promesonotum is a little longer than wide in front, evenly convex
from front to back in profile, much less constricted between the pro-
notum and mesonotum, and between the latter and the epinotum,
than in squaminode, race do, and longer than in that species. Dorsum
of epinotum quadrate, moderately oblique, as long as wide, and as
long as vertical declivity ; epinotal teeth a little longer than their
basal width, as long as the space between their bases, and three times
longer than the episternal teeth. First node of petiole squamiform,
as long as its peduncle, one and a half times higher than long below,
the anterior face vertical, convex transversely, the posterior face
convex from side to side and from above to below, the dorsal edge
rounded. Seen from behind, the node is wider below than above,
irregularly hexagonal, each of the angles ending in a long hair. The
2nd node, seen from above, is also angulated in outline, and is two and
one-third times wider than long, and about one-third wider than the
Ist. Legs shining, the femora moderately swollen.

Umtali, 8.R. The nests, of which several were examined, were
situated in a hard sandy path. The entrances are about 2 mm. wide,
surrounded by a low wall about 1 to 2 mm. high, composed of woven
grass roots and fibre.

This species belongs to the syuaminode group, in which it is dis-
tinguished by the finer sculpture, the narrower thorax, the strong
pilosity and the angulated outline of the nodes.

Type in my collection. (8.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

TETRAMORIUM REPENTINUM, D. sp.

©, 2-7-2-°9 mm. Head and thorax dark castaneous brown, petiole
and abdomen piceous or sometimes entirely piceous, legs dark ochreous,
mandibles and antennae reddish ochreous. Abdomen, petiole and
epinotum, except its base, smooth and shining. The rest of the body
dull. Head longitudinally and very regularly striate from the anterior
margin of the clypeus to the occipital margin, somewhat as in T.
grandinode, Santschi; the striae also extend over the floor of the
distinct demiscrobes. Thorax longitudinally rugose as far as the base
of the epinotal spines, also transversely rugoso-reticulate in front,
at the base of the mesonotum and of the epinotum.

Pilosity sparse, composed of suberect and fairly short golden yellow
hairs, longest on the petiole, and more scanty on the thorax than else-
where. Antennae and legs sparsely pubescent. Head as wide as

258 Annals of the South African Museum.

long, narrowed in front, the sides convex, the posterior margin
shallowly concave. The posterior margin of the median area of the
clypeus indistinct, barely defined by a slight thickening of the striae,
and the posterior margins of the lateral pieces not raised to form a’
trenchant ridge. Anterior margin of the clypeus straight. Man-
dibles smooth, shining, sparsely punctured, armed with two strong
apical teeth, indistinctly dentate behind them. Antennae 12-jointed,
the scapes as long as the demiscrobes, the 2nd joint of the flagellum
a little wider than long, the 3rd—8th joints much wider than long.
Hyes large, placed behind the middle of the sides. Promesonotum
a little wider than long, widest at the shoulders, which are rounded.
Mesoepinotal suture broad and fairly deep,
bounded by a raised line at the base of the epi-
notum. Dorsum of epinotum slightly narrowed
towards the spines, a trifle wider at the base than
long. Epinotal spines acute, divergent, directed
obliquely upwards and backwards, a little longer
than their basal width. Declivity vertical, a little
shorter than the dorsum. LEpisternal teeth very
small and obtuse. The petiole intermediate in
structure between that of 7. grandinode, Sant-
schi, and TJ. squaminode, Santschi. The Ist
node cuneiform, the dorsal edge fairly acute ;
seen from above, the sides and dorsal edge

TS meet almost rectangularly, the posterior face

Fic. 70.

moderately convex and a little wider than long,
T. repentinum, 0. sp.

the anterior face vertical and convex trans-
versely. The 2nd node is transversely oval, only a little wider behind
than in front, convex above from back to front, nearly half as wide
again as the Ist node, and three-fourths wider than long, produced on
each side anteriorly and below into a rounded, slightly flattened (from
above to below) and prominent tubercle, pointing forwards. Abdomen
one-fifth longer than wide. Femora moderately swollen.

Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8.R.; Umtali, 8.R., in sandy soil.

A peculiar species characterised by its unusual habits and by the
very regular sculpture of the head, by the absence of a trenchant ridge
behind the lateral pieces of the clypeus, and by the shape of the
petiole.

It is a highly myrmecophagous species, preying chiefly on the 3%
of small Pheidoles, (punctulata, Arnoldi, etc.), but also occasionally
on Monomorium and other Tetramorium. At Umtali several nests

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 259

were examined. All round the entrances to the nests the ground was
strewn with the carcases of other ants, and workers were seen coming
in from all sides, each one carrying in its jaws some unfortunate ant
victim, usually gripped behind the head or between the epinotum and
petiole. Type in my collection.

T. GUINEENSE Fab., race STRIATUM, Stitz.

Page 308. “ Race striatum,” this should read ‘‘ Race cristatum.”’

TETRAMORIUM SOLIDUM, Emery, var. TUCKERI, n. v.

8,4:8-5-l1 mm. This differs from the type of the species as follows :—

The colour is black; base and apices of the femora, tibiae, tarsi,
’ mandibles and antennae more or less ferruginous. The sculpture is
much stronger, especially on the head, which is very evenly and
longitudinally striate, the spaces between being about 2 to 24 times
wider than the striae. The mesoepinotal suture is distinct and the
sides of the epinotum are vertical, the dorsum thereby sharply mar-
ginate at the sides, parallel-sided and concave transversely. The
spines are less divergent. The Ist node of the petiole is reticulate-
punctate, and has also some strong rugae superimposed concentrically ;
the 2nd node transversely rugose, its ventral surface produced on each
side into a strong triangular tooth as long as its basal width (much
longer than in the type of the species). The basal third of the
abdomen is longitudinally rugulose.

2, 7 mm. Mesonotum longitudinally striate, with finer striae in
the spaces between the large striae. The suture between the scutellum
and the paraptera deeply clathrate. Epinotal teeth shorter than in
the %, shorter than their basal width, horizontal and not divergent.
Dorsal face of the lst node flat and almost quadrangular, the sides
feebly convex, the anterior and posterior margins straight, one and
three-quarter times wider than long. Second node like that of the 9, less
convex transversely, half as wide again as the Ist, and at least twice as
wide as long. Wings brownish yellow, nervures and stigma ochreous.

S. W. Africa (R. W. E. Tucker).

In one specimen, ¢, taken on the same occasion as the others, the
epinotum has the sides oblique and convex like the type of the species,
and the dorsum is neither marginate laterally nor excavated. The
colour of the type of the species is described by Emery as piceous, but
in the paratypes in the 8. A. Museum, the colour is not darker than
chestnut brown.

(S.A.M., G.A. colls. Types in 8.A.M. coll.)

260 Annals of the South African Museum.

TETRAMORIUM PERINGUEYI, n. sp.

8, 4:4-4-6 mm. Dark brick-red, the anterior two-thirds of the head,
the apical half or two-thirds of the abdomen, the middle and hind
femora (except at the base and apex) darker or reddish brown. In
some specimens the apex of the abdomen is almost piceous. Head,
thorax and petiole moderately shining, the spaces between the rugae
quite shining. Legs and abdomen shining, the basal fourth of the
latter somewhat dull, longitudinally and closely striate and shallowly
punctured. Pilosity long, erect and abundant all over, including the
legs and antennae, the hairs truncate or very blunt at their tips and
yellowish white. ‘The hairs on the anterior margin of the clypeus and
on the apex of the abdomen longer and pointed. A scanty pubescence
present only on the flagellum. The sculpture of the head and thorax
like that of Emeryz, race cristulatum, but the mesonotum and epinotum
are just as coarsely rugoso-reticulate as the pronotum, and the longi-
tidinal striae on the middle (transverse) third of the head are divergent
behind. Sides of the thorax longitudinally rugoso-striate. Nodes
of petiole coarsely and irregularly rugose. ‘Tibiae and scapes finely
and longitudinally striolate and fairly dull. Head quadrate, as wide
as long, as wide in front as behind, the sides parallel, the posterior
margin almost straight or only very shallowly concave in the middle,
the posterior angles widely rounded. Clypeus twice as wide as long,
the anterior margin widely and deeply emarginate, with about 5 or 6
longitudinal striae, the median one not stronger than the others.
Mandibles strongly and longitudinally striate, subopaque, with about
6 teeth. Frontal carinae divergent, ending at about the level of the
eyes and continued behind them as a stria, not forming the least trace
of ascrobe. Hyes not large, feebly convex, placed slightly behind the
middle. The scapes reach the posterior fifth of the head; 3rd joint
of flagellum a little wider than long, all the other joints longer than
wide. Head two-thirds wider than the thorax. Thoracic sutures
obsolete. Seen in profile, the dorsum of the thorax forms a continuous
and fairly low convexity from the anterior margin to the base of the
spines. Thorax slightly constricted between the meso- and epinotum ;
the promesonotum submarginate in front, the shoulders depressed and
subangular, as long as wide between the shoulders. Dorsum of
epinotum as long as the vertical declivity. Spines thin, acute,
moderately divergent, directed obliquely backwards, as long as the
interval between their bases. The shape of the nodes is intermediate
between that of Emeryi-cristulatum and T. guineense. The peduncle

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 261

of the Ist joint is as long as the node; the latter has the anterior and
posterior faces vertical, the dorsal face trapezoidal and nearly flat,
three-fifths wider behind than in front. The 2nd node is almost twice
as wide as long in the middle, the anterior margin convex, the posterior
margin straight, the sides straight and slightly convergent posteriorly,
the dorsal face convex. The 2nd node is also hardly shorter than, and
nearly one-third wider than the 1st. Abdomen truncate at the base.
Femora only moderately swollen.

Kimberley, (Power).

Allied to Emery: but differing markedly in the shape of the head,
the abundant, erect and coarse pilosity, the deeply emarginate clypeus
and the absence of the raised line between the pronotum and meso-
notum.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in 8.A.M. coll.)

TETRAMORIUM ARGENTEOPILOSUM, N. sp.

$,3:°3 mm. Black; the anterior margin of the head narrowly, the
mandibles, flagellum, antennal sockets, basal third of the scapes, the
apex of the epinotal declivity, the coxae and tarsi,
ferruginous ; femora and tibiae dark reddish brown,
paler at their bases and apices. Head and thorax
with a few whitish and thick erect hairs ; petiole and
abdomen with a moderate pilosity composed of
long, obliquely exserted, thick, pointed white hairs,
somewhat glistening; legs and antennae sparsely
pubescent.

The fundamental sculpture of the head, thorax,
nodes of petiole and basal fourth of the Ist ab-
dominal segment is a close reticulate puncturation,
very distinct on the meso- and epinotum, very
superficial on and just behind the clypeus. Clypeus
carinate in the middle, its anterior margin convex.
The clypeus and vertex between the frontal carinae
longitudinally and fairly evenly striate, the striae Ha
hardly half as wide as the spaces between them. hf ! ALAS,
Sides of the head reticulate-rugose, the rugae not
extending over the space adjacent to and below
the frontal carinae, thereby forming an indistinct
demiscrobe. Mandibles shining, feebly striate and sparsely and
finely punctured. The pronotum has a few fine longitudinal
striae,which do not reach as far as the mesonotum. The legs and

Fig. 71.
T. argenteopilosum.

262 Annals of the South African Museum.

abdomen, excepting the base of the latter, are shining, the rest of
the body is dull.

Head slightly longer than wide, the sides feebly convex, barely
narrower in front than behind, the posterior margin straight, the
posterior angles rounded. The scapes extend back to the posterior
fifth of the head; Ist joint of the flagellum nearly twice as long as
wide, 2nd—7th joints twice as wide as long, the 8th one and a half
times wider than long. Hyes not very prominent, placed at about
the middle of the sides. Promesonotal suture obsolete, the pro-
mesonotum fairly convex in front, the shoulders rounded, slightly
longer than wide in front. Mesoepinotal suture fairly deep and wide,
the thorax moderately constricted at that point. Dorsum of epi-
notum submarginate at the sides, sloping gradually downwards from
the base, its junction with the declivity rounded, about one-third
longer than wide, nearly parallel-sided, as long as the vertical declivity.
Epinotal teeth small, triangular, a little wider at the base than long,
less than half as long as the space between their bases. Episternal
teeth reduced to small rounded lamellae, much shorter than the
epinotal teeth. First node subcuboid, higher than long, as long as its
peduncle, the anterior and posterior faces subvertical, the dorsal face
slanting posteriorly, subtrapezoidal and nearly half as wide again as
long. Second node transversely lozenge-shaped, convex from front
to back above, one-fourth wider than the Ist, and half as wide again
as long.

°,4:2mm. Sides of pronotum and upper half of mesopleurae finely
and longitudinally striate. Pronotum narrowly exposed above, the
shoulders subangular, coarsely rugose. Mesonotum and scutellum
longitudinally striate. Nodes of petiole with a few rugae above.
Basal half of abdomen reticulate-punctate. Hpinotal teeth shorter
than in the §, the dorsal face of the 1st node shorter, nearly twice as
wide as long. Otherwise like the 9.

Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8.R., nesting in sandy soil.

Type in my collection.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

TETRAMORIUM SOMNICULOSUM, Ni. Sp.

8, 2-8-3-2 mm. Burnt-sienna or pale mahogany brown, the legs and
antennae paler than the body. Legs and abdomen shining, the rest
almost dull to the naked eye, but under a low magnification the spaces
between the rugae appear quite shining. Mandibles, legs and antennae
with a yellowish, decumbent and moderately abundant pubescence.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 263

The pubescence on the abdomen is nearly decumbent, yellowish
golden and short, composed of thin pointed hairs intermixed with
somewhat flattened or clavate and obtuse hairs, very evenly distri-
buted; also a few hairs on the clypeus, otherwise glabrous. Head
and thorax very coarsely rugose, the rugae emphasised longitudinally,
raised and trenchant ; here and there, especially on the cheeks, back
of the head and the mesoepinotum more or less reticulate-rugose.
Sides of the thorax longitudinally rugose or almost sulcate. Nodes
of petiole reticulate-rugose above, the sides and the anterior peduncle
finely reticulate-punctate. Abdomen sparsely and finely punctured.

Head subquadrate, barely longer than wide (excluding the man-
dibles), almost as wide in front as behind, the sides moderately convex,
the posterior margin shallowly concave in the middle. Mandibles
finely striate and punctate, moderately shining. Clypeus with a
strong median carina, distinctly
impressed in the middle behind
the feebly emarginate anterior
margin. The frontal carinae are
sharply defined and form the
upper margin of a demiscrobe,
which extends back as far as the
posterior sixth of the head. The
scapes are as long as the demi-
scrobes; 2nd-8th joints of the
flagellum wider than long. Eyes small, composed of about 15 facets,
placed at the middle of the sides of the head.

Pronotum sharply marginate in front, the margin trenchant and
high. Sides of the thorax vertical. The position of the obsolete pro-
mesonotal suture is indicated by a sharp transverse ridge. Mesoepi-
notal suture wide and shallow, bounded on the dorsum in front and
behind by a strong transverse ridge. Dorsum of epinotum narrow,
marginate laterally, the epinotal teeth acute, horizontal, hardly as
long as the interval between their bases and very little longer than the
episternal teeth ; their lower margins are continued down the declivity
and join the episternal teeth. Petiole long; the 1st joint distinctly
compressed laterally, the peduncle about as long as the node, which,
seen from above, is one and three-quarter times longer than wide
behind. The 2nd node is a little longer than wide, also a little wider
and longer than the lst. Abdomen globose.

The sculpture in this insect is exceedingly coarse, or almost
sulcate, the rugae standing out very prominently. The long

Fie. 72.
T. somniculosum. 9%

264 Annals of the South African Museum.

petiole and the sharp anterior margin of the pronotum are also
very distinctive.

°,3-7 mm. Colour of the body darker than in the §, more vandyke-
brown. Sculpture and pubescence as in the §; mesonotum longi-
tudinally sulcate, without transverse rugae, scutellum very widely
reticulate-rugose. Dorsum of epinotum transversely striate between
the epinotal teeth, which are wider apart and shorter than in the 9.
Pronotum sharply marginate in front as in the &. Petiole similar to
that of the %, but the anterior margin of the dorsal face of the Ist node
is straight, not convex. Wings slightly brownish, nervures and stigma
pale yellow. Otherwise like the 9.

S, 3 mm. Head piceous, thorax and abdomen dark brown, legs
and antennae pale straw-yellow, mandibles ochreous. Pubescence as
in the 9. Head moderately shining, longitudinally striolate, trans-
versely so behind the ocelli, the cheeks in front also very finely recticul-
ate-punctate. Mandibles fairly large, 6-dentate, smooth and shining.
Median area of the clypeus with 4 longitudinal raised lines, fairly
convex behind. Eyes not very convex, occupying less than the
anterior half of the sides. Ocelli small. The scapes do not extend
back as far as the posterior ocelli. Head as long as wide, the sides and
posterior margin feebly convex. The 2nd joint of the 9-jointed
flagellum is as long as the scape, the lst and 3rd joints subequal and
barely longer than wide.

Mesonotum smooth and shining, with only a few striae near the
parapsidal sutures, the Mayrian furrows well defined and clathrate.
Scutellum reticulate-rugose. HEpinotum finely reticulate-punctate and
dull at the sides, slightly shining above and over the declivity ; the
latter is subvertical, marginate at the sides and longer than the dorsum.
Petiole shorter than in the @ or §, the lst node less compressed.
Wings as in the 9.

Amatongas Forest, Portuguese H.A. A very sluggish species; the
nest was formed in the débris between the exposed roots of a tree.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Types in my collection.)

TETRAMORIUM SETIGERUM, Mayr, race QUAERENS, Forel,
var. AMATONGAE, 0. V.

8,4 mm. Head and thorax more shining than in the type of the
race, owing to the total absence of the fundamental reticulate-punctate
sculpture between the rugae. The 2nd—4th joints of the flagellum are
distinctly wider than long (as long as wide in the race), the 5th and 6th
as long as wide. Otherwise like the type of the race.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 265

Amatongas Forest, Portuguese E.A. Nesting under the bark of a
decayed tree.
(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

TETRAMORIUM SEMIRETICULATUM, Arnold.

©, (hitherto undescribed), 3-2 mm. Piceous; legs, antennae and
mandibles pale brown. Sculpture similar to that of the %, but stronger,
the mesonotum and scutellum irregularly reticulate-rugulose and with
a few longitudinal rugae superimposed, basal fourth of abdomen
reticulate-punctate and dull, the rest smooth and shining. Epinotal
teeth much larger proportionately than in the 8, nearly as long as wide
atthe base. Otherwise like the &.

Hillside, Bulawayo. Type in my collection.

TETRAMORIUM AKERMANI, 0. Sp.

8, 3°5-3°7 mm. Reddish or castaneous brown, the abdomen dark
brown, legs and antennae yellowish brown, mandibles reddish ochreous.
Head longitudinally striate between the
frontal carinae, the striae widely spaced,
large, and connected by a few transverse
striae. Sides of head strongly reticulate-
rugose, the rugae emphasised longitudinally,
the transverse rugae extending across the
floor of the demiscrobes. Clypeus with
about five longitudinal rugae, the middle
one strongest but hardly forming a dis-
tinct median carina. Mandibles shining,
finely and sparsely punctured. Thorax
longitudinally and coarsely rugose, in front
more reticulate-rugose, elsewhere with a
few transverse anastomoses. The rugae
end just before the epinotal spines, the
space between the spines and the decli-
vity is superficially reticulate and shining.
Sides of thorax irregularly reticulate- we. 73.—7. Akermani.
rugose, the spaces between feebly reti-
culate-punctate. Nodes of petiole shining almost smooth, with
only a few feeble striae. Abdomen smooth and shining. The
pilosity on the body is composed of long, thin, yellowish white
hairs, fairly scanty except on the abdomen. Legs and antennae with
fairly long and oblique pubescence. Head, excluding the mandibles,

266 Annals of the South African Museum.

very little longer than wide, widest a little behind the eyes, the
posterior angles rounded, the posterior margin almost straight. Eyes
moderately large, placed at about the middle of the sides. Frontal
carinae widely divergent, extending back to the posterior 6th of the
head, forming the upper walls of well-defined demiscrobes. Scapes as
long as the latter ; 1st joint of the flagellum half as long again as wide,
the 2nd—5th joints about twice as wide as long, the 6th and 7th about
one and a half times wider than long. Mandibles with six blackish
teeth, the three anterior ones largest. Anterior margin of clypeus
feebly excised in the middle.

Promesonotum fairly convex transversely in front, moderately so
lengthwise, slightly wider in front than long in the middle, the pro-
mesonotal suture obsolete, the mesoepinotal indistinct above. The
dorsum of the epinotum is about as wide as long; the epinotal spines
are long, acute, divergent, quite twice as long as their basal width,
longer than the space between their bases, three times longer than the
episternal teeth, the latter acute. First node of petiole squamiform,
as long as its peduncle, the anterior face vertical and feebly convex
transversely, shorter than the posterior face which is almost flat and
subvertical. Seen from behind, the scale is subrectangular, about as
high as wide above, narrowed towards the base. Second node trans-
versely oval, half as wide again as long, and not quite half as wide
again as the Ist. Abdomen globose. Pietermaritzburg (type) and
Majuba, Natal, (leg. C. Akerman); Durban, (leg. C. P. v. d. Merve).
The latter differ slightly in having the pilosity shorter and composed of
blunt hairs, not finely pointed as in the specimens from the other
localities mentioned. Apparently allied to Titus, Forel, from which it
differs, judging by the description alone, by the larger size, the not
distinctly carinate clypeus, and by having the promesonotum
sculptured all over. The 2nd node is also narrower, being only half as
wide again as the Ist, (nearly twice in Trtus). Type in my collection.

AKERMANI, var. FRIGIDUM, n. Vv.

%,3°5 mm. Head, petiole and abdomen dark brown, legs, antennae
and mandibles pale brownish yellow, the club of the antenna brown.
Clypeus with a distinct median carina. The upper surface of the head
between the frontal carinae is strongly and very regularly striate
lengthwise, more strongly so than in the type of the species. Meso-
epinotal suture wide and fairly shallow, but deeper than in the type.
Epinotal spines long and thin, as long as, or a little longer than the
interval between their bases. Petiole just like that of the type of the

3

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 267

species, the scale of the 1st joint only a trifle thicker. Pilosity yellowish,
erect, composed of short, thick and fairly blunt hairs. Otherwise like
the type of the species.

Matroosberg, Hex River Mts., Cape Prov., 5000-7000 ft. (R. W. E.
Tucker).

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

var. DRAKENSBERGENSIS, N. V.

6, 2-4-3-2 mm. Yellowish brown, the head sometimes darker, legs
and antennae ochreous, the club brown. The sculpture resembles that
of var. frigidum, but the longitudinal rugae on the thorax are somewhat
coarser and wider apart, the sculpture of the head finer, especially on
the cheeks. The promesonotal suture is feebly indicated in the
largest 8%, and in them the mesoepinotal suture is also fairly distinct,
but very shallow in the smaller $¢. Puilosity as in frigidum. The
posterior face of the scale of the petiole is feebly convex (nearly flat
in frigidum), and the 2nd node is a trifle narrower, or barely more than
one-third wider than the Ist. Otherwise like fragidwm and the type
of the species.

Mountains of Natal, 5300 ft. (Haviland), ex Natal Mus. coll.

This form is peculiar in its wide range of variation in size, but apart
from this feature and those enumerated above, I can see no other
differences between it and var. fregidum. The shape of the scale in
this variety and in var. frigidum is very much like that of T.
(Xiphomyrmex) Wertzeckerr, but the dorsal edge is not broad as in
that species but narrow and almost trenchant.

(G.A. coll.)

TETRAMORIUM JEJUNUM, Nha. sp.

®, 2-77 mm. This species belongs to the 7. Titus group, having
the lst node of the petiole squamiform. Very pale straw-yellow,
the club of the antennae a little darker or
ochreous. Shining. Head longitudinally striate
above between the frontal carinae, (about

6 or 7 striae), the cheeks reticulate-rugose,
the rugae far apart, the spaces in between
smooth and shining. Clypeus with a strong median stria and one or
two thinner striae on each side. Demiscrobe smooth and shining.
Thorax reticulate-rugose, the rugae very wide apart. Declivity and
apical half of the dorsum of the epinotum and all the rest of the body
smooth and shining. Pilosity pale yellowish, fairly short and blunt,

Hie. 74 —T. jejunum.

268 Annals of the South African Museum.

sparsely distributed all over. Pubescence oblique and scanty, present
only on the legs and antennae.

Head quadrate, one-fifth longer than wide, nearly as wide in front
as behind; the sides nearly straight, the posterior margin straight,
the posterior corners narrowly rounded. Mandibles shining, feebly
punctured, armed with 6 small teeth. Anterior margin of the clypeus
straight. Hyes convex and fairly large, placed just behind the middle
of the sides. Frontal carinae moderately sinuate, extending back
nearly as far as the posterior margin and forming the upper margin
of a distinct demiscrobe. The scapes are as long as the demiscrobes ;
2—4th joints of the flagellum twice as wide as long, the 5th joint nearly
so. Promesonotal suture obsolete, the thorax slightly constricted
between the pronotum and mesonotum, and more deeply at the meso-
epinotal suture, the latter fairly shallow. Seen in profile, the pro-
mesonotum forms an even convexity which rises gradually as far as
the mesoepinotal suture. Dorsum of epinotum as long as wide at
the base, with a raised transverse line or ruga near the base, slightly
narrowed towards the apex, submarginate laterally, concave between
the spines. The spines are directed obliquely backwards and out-
wards, acute, twice as long as their basal width and as_long as the
interval between their bases ; declivity vertical, as long as the dorsum,
episternal teeth small and acute. The peduncle of the Ist joint of
the petiole is as long as the node ; the latter is subsquamiform, or seen
from the side cuneiform, the anterior face vertical and convex from
side to side, the posterior face convex from above to below. Seen
from behind, the scale is subovate, its dorsal edge trenchant and
strongly convex from side to side. The 2nd node is transversely oval,
convex above, one-fourth wider than the Ist, the ventral surface pro-
duced on each side into an elongate tubercle which ends in a rectangle
in front. Femora feebly swollen. |

Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8. Rhodesia. Nesting in sandy soil, and
very easily overlooked, since its colour matches that of the sand. A
species distinctly defined by the transverse ridge near the base of the
epinotum.

Type in my collection.

TETRAMORIUM WARRENI, 0. sp.

3, 2-1 mm. Pale ochreous, smooth and shining, the anterior half
of the head and the sides of the thorax very feebly and longitudinally
striate or striolate. Posterior half of the head feebly and very
sparsely punctured. Pilosity thin, short, erect and scanty, oblique

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 269

on the legs and antennae. Pubescence wanting. Head elongate
quadrate, about one-fourth longer than wide, parallel-sided, the
posterior margin feebly concave, the
posterior half of the head a little thicker
than the anterior, more convex above
when seen from the side. Clypeus verti-

cal in its anterior half, with 3 longitudinal oe
raised lines, not carinate. Mandibles Tia <P Waene,
slightly shining, feebly striate, 6-dentate,

the teeth brown. Frontal carinae exceedingly short, not extend-
ing beyond the posterior margin of the indistinct frontal area.
The scapes extend only a little beyond the middle of the head; the
2nd—7th joints of the flagellum twice as wide as long, the 8th one and
a half times wider than long. Hyes very small, composed of 2 or 3
facets, placed at about the middle of the sides. Promesonotum dis-
tinctly marginate in front, feebly so at the sides, trapezoidal, a trifle
longer than wide in front, the promesonotal suture entirely obsolete.
The thorax is fairly strongly constricted at the mesoepinotal suture,
which is very shallow or nearly obsolete. The dorsal profile of the
thorax nearly flat. Dorsum of epinotum submarginate at the sides,
oblique, a little longer than wide, widest just beyond its base, the teeth
very small, acute and oblique, hardly as long as their basal width and
not longer than the episternal teeth. Declivity vertical, marginate,
shorter than the dorsum. Peduncle of the Ist joint of the petiole
thick, not quite as long as the node, the latter with a short and vertical
anterior face, a convex and oblique posterior face, and a dorsal face
which is widest behind and twice as wide as long. Second node trans-
versely oval, convex above transversely and lengthwise, very little
wider than the lst. Abdomen half as long again as wide.

Natal, (Haviland). I have much pleasure in naming this species in
honour of Dr. E. Warren, Director of the Natal Museum.

The nearest allies to this species in our fauna are T’. subcoecum-inscia,
Forel, and T. Traegaordhi, Santschi. In Warreni the 1st node is much
flatter above than in subcoecum, and the head is much more elongate
than in Traegaordhi.

Ka Natal Mus. coll. Type in my collection.

TETRAMORIUM VEXATOR, N. sp.

8, 38 mm. Yellowish brown (dark raw umber), the sides of the
thorax, the legs and mandibles a little paler or more yellow. Head
fairly dull, thorax moderately shining, the declivity and petiole a little

270 Annals of the South African Museum.

more so, the abdomen and legs smooth and very shining, the legs also
very finely and sparsely punctured. Head strongly, longitudinally
and regularly striate, the cheeks in front
with a few transverse strands between the
longitudinal ones, the spaces between the
aK Coy striae at least three times as wide as

the striae themselves. Clypeus striated like
the rest of the head, its anterior margin
straight, feebly excised in the middle. Man-
dibles 5-dentate, smooth, shining and sparsely punctured. Thorax
longitudinally rugoso-striate with a few transverse strands here
and there, the striae on the dorsum quite as widely spaced as
those on the head, those on the sides closer together; the striae
become effaced towards the posterior margin of the thorax, and the
declivity is smooth in the middle, finely rugose at the sides. Both
nodes smooth and shining, the posterior face of the 1st node coriaceous
at the margins. Pilosity yellowish, oblique, long and thin, fairly
sparse all over, shorter and almost decumbent on the legs and antennae ;
flagellum and tarsi with a thin pubescence.

Head almost square, the corners rounded, barely narrower in front
than behind. The frontal carinae extend back as far as the posterior
fourth of the head and form the upper boundary of a demiscrobe,
which is slightly shining and almost smooth. Scapes as long as the
demiscrobes ; 2nd—6th joints of the flagellum wider than long. Hyes
placed at the middle of the sides. Promesonotum submarginate in
front, not longer than wide in front, trapezoidal. Promesonotal
suture defined only at the sides. Mesoepinotal suture wide but
shallow. Dorsum of epinotum submarginate, widest a little beyond
its base, very little longer than wide. Epinotal spines nearly vertical,
acute, barely divergent, a little longer than their basal width and as
long as the interval between them. First node of petiole, seen from
the side, subconical or subcuneiform, as high as the whole joint is
long and longer than its peduncle, narrowed towards the summit which
is transverse, the anterior face vertical and convex transversely and ver-
tically. Second node transversely oval, nearly one-third wider than the
1st, a little wider behind the middle than in front of the same, very convex
above. Abdomen subcircular, hardly longerthan wide. Femoraswollen.

Pietermaritzburg (Dr. C. Akerman), ex Natal Mus. coll. Type in
my collection. |

Not unlike 7. Popovici, Forel, but with quite a differently shaped
Ist joint of the petiole, stronger sculpture and smooth mandibles.

Fie. 76.
T. vexator. x<ca 16.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 271

TETRAMORIUM INCRUENTATUM, Arnold.

Santschi, (as Rhoptromyrmex Arnoldi), Ann. Soc. Ent. France,
vol. 84, p. 503, %, 1915.

Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85, p. 286, 1916.

8, 2 mm. Pale straw-yellow, the anterior third of the head a
little darker. Dull, the abdomen and legs slightly shining. The
fundamental sculpture on the head, thorax and petiole consists of a
fine reticulate puncturation, very superficial on the vertex and on the
nodes. In addition the head and pronotum are longitudinally striate,
the cheeks in front partly reticulate-rugose. Abdomen microscopi-
cally alutaceous and smooth. Pilosity erect, short and thick, present
only on the anterior margin of the clypeus, the 2nd node and on the
abdomen. A moderate pubescence on the legs and antennae.

Head quadrate, hardly longer than wide, the sides straight, the
posterior angles rounded. Median area of clypeus feebly carinate, its
anterior margin arcuate. The posterior lateral margins of the clypeus
are raised to form a transverse ridge (in the manner typical of the
genus). Mandibles finely striate, with a few large punctures behind
the masticatory margin, which is indistinctly dentate. The frontal
carinae are continued back as fine lines as far as the posterior third
of the head. Antennae 12-jointed, the 2nd—8th joints of the flagellum
much wider than long. LHyes large, convex, placed at the middle of
the sides. Head wider than the thorax. Promesonotum trapezoidal,
as wide in front as long, submarginate in front, the shoulders fairly
distinct and narrowly rounded, the promesonotal suture obsolete.
The thorax is fairly strongly constricted at the mesoepinotal suture,
which is distinct. Dorsum of epinotum two-thirds longer than wide,
widest in the middle, convex transversely, straight and oblique length-
wise, ending on each side in a blunt and low tubercle; the declivity
subvertical, half as long as the dorsum. Peduncle of the Ist joint of
the petiole as long as the node. The anterior face of the latter is
vertical, convex transversely and longer than the posterior face, which
1s convex from above to below; its dorsal face, seen from above, is .
nearly semi-elliptical, about as long as wide behind, the posterior
margin convex. Second node half as wide again as long, and half as
wide again as the Ist, the lower surface furnished on each side with
an elongate and rounded lobe.

Victoria Falls; nesting in sandy soil.

In the second reference cited above, Dr. Santschi, who described
the species originally as a Rhoptromyrmex, suggests that it should

VOL. XXIII, PART 2. 18

272 Annals of the South African Museum.

perhaps be transferred to the genus Tetramorvum. I have adopted
this suggestion, since it seems to me that the presence of the lateral
ridges of the clypeus and the not compressed 1st node preclude the
species from being attached to Rhoptromyrmez.

Whether Triglyphothriz be regarded as a subgenus of Tetramorvum
or not, the specific name is preoccupied in Triglyphothrixz Arnoldi, Forel,
and I have therefore altered the name of this species.

Var. LUTEOLUM, 0. Vv.

8, 2°3-2-5 mm. Head and antennae pale reddish ochreous, the rest
pale ochreous, but the abdomen somewhat darker than the thorax,
brownish yellow over its middle third. The
. sculpture of the head is coarser than in the type
= & of the species, the longitudinal striae on the vertex
less continuous. The head is also narrower.
Bie. 77. The mesoepinotal suture deeper; the dorsum of
- ee Lutcolum, ‘Le epinotum is distinetly marginate at the sides
and is flat transversely, it ends in larger apical
tubercles, these being almost blunt and triangular teeth. The dorsal
face of the lst node is wider, or half as wide again as long, its anterior
margin semicircular, not semi-elliptical as in the type of the species.
The 2nd node is two-thirds wider than long and more angular at the
sides. Otherwise like the type of the species.
Nyamandhlovu, 8. Rhodesia.
(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

T. PUSILLUM, race MossaAMEDENSIS, Forel, var. TRISTIS, Santschi.
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85, p. 285, 3, 1917.

“3, 2:3-2°5 mm. Head and thorax of a paler brownish yellow than
in mossamedensis. Disc of promesonotum smoother and _ less
sculptured. First node of petiole a little shorter and relatively
narrower, the 2nd node, on the other hand, a little wider than in
mossamedensis. Otherwise like the type of the race.”

Bulawayo. Type in coll. Santschi (R.M., G.A. colls.) :

SuB-cenus TRIGLYPHOTHRIX, Forel.

Dr. Santschi has expressed the opinion (on lit.) that this should be
treated as a distinct genus, to include only those species which have
the hairs branched. If this view be adopted, T. Arnolds, Forel, would
have to be placed in the genus Tetramorium, and Tetramorvum Ericae,

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 273

Arnold, transferred to Triglyphothriz, since a re-examination of the
latter species under a strong magnification reveals the presence of a
few bifid hairs on the abdomen. To my mind, the branching of the
pilosity is not an important character, and I prefer to retain T17-
glyphothriz as a sub-genus of Tetramorvum.

T. (TRIGLYPHOTHRIX) PAUPER, Santschi.
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 85, p. 286, 3, 1916.

8, 1-2-2 mm. Yellowish brown, antennae and legs ochreous.
Pilosity pale yellowish, longest on the apical half of the abdomen, not
very abundant, mostly simple but here and there composed of bifid
and trifid hairs. Head, thorax and petiole moderately shining, legs
and abdomen distinctly shining. Head longitudinally rugoso-striate
in the middle, reticulate at the sides and behind. Thorax and petiole
widely reticulate-rugose. Abdomen and legs smooth. Head rect-
angular, nearly one-sixth longer than wide, parallel-sided, the posterior
margin straight, the posterior angles narrowly rounded. Frontal
carinae very divergent, reaching the posterior angles and forming the
upper boundary of the demiscrobes. Hyes convex, prominent, placed
a little in front of the middle of the sides. Clypeus with a strong
median carina and a feebler one on each side of the same, the anterior
margin straight. Mandibles smooth, shining, feebly and sparsely
punctured, with 3 distinct teeth in front, feebly denticulate behind.
The scape reaches the posterior fifth of the head ; 2nd—7th joints of
the flagellum at least two and a half times wider than long. Thoracic
sutures obsolete above, the thorax feebly constricted at the position
of the sutures, feebly convex lengthwise. Epinotal teeth one and
a half times longer than their basal width, about as long as the
interval between their bases; acute, subvertical, feebly divergent.
Both nodes of the petiole transversely oval, the Ist node one-
fourth wider than long, the 2nd one-third wider than long and very
little wider than the first.

Cawston Farm, Umgusa River, 8. Rhodesia.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

TRIGLYPHOTHRIX AUROPUNCTATUS, Forel.

Amongst the material collected by Haviland, in the Natal Mus.
collection, there are some specimens of this species, almost certainly
paratypes. An examination of these specimens indicates certain
discrepancies in Forel’s description.

274 Annals of the South African Museum.

Except on the scape of one specimen, I have failed to see any golden
reflection in the punctures, this, however, may be due to changes
brought about by their lengthy immersion in the alcohol. The upper
and lower grooves of the scrobe are divided by a raised line which is
slightly higher in front but not forming a triangular eminence in any
way. The sculpture of the 2nd node is a shallow and feeble punctura-
tion, not coarse as stated by Forel. There is no mesoepinotal suture,
its position being indicated only by a slight depression.

AUROPUNCTATUS, var. BULAWAYENSIS, Arnold.

This differs from the type of the species by its darker colour, which
is yellowish brown, by the sharper sculpture of the head and thorax,
and of the 2nd node which is as coarsely punctate as the Ist, and by
the coarse puncturation on the base of the abdomen. The size is also
somewhat greater, 3 mm.

T. MUSCORUM, 0. sp.

8, 1-7-1:9 mm. Head, thorax, legs and antennae ochreous, the
petiole brownish ochreous, the abdomen brown. Legs and abdomen
smooth and shining, head and thorax reticulate-rugose, the spaces

between the reticulations fairly shining.

Nodes of petiole also reticulate-rugose, but

Oc with smaller meshes than on the head and

thorax. Pilosity yellowish white, fairly

fe CVX abundant all over the body, longest on the

Fie. 78. abdomen, composed of bifid or trifid hairs.

T. muscorum. % The legs have only a simple and not very
dense pubescence.

Head subquadrate, a trifle longer than wide behind, a little wider
behind than in front, the posterior margin straight. Mandibles with
5 or 6 teeth, finely and very sparsely punctured, shining. Anterior
half of the median area of the clypeus vertical, the posterior half
oblique or subhorizontal, the junction of the two planes marked by a
sharp transverse ruga, also bounded on each side by a longitudinal
ruga, strongly carinate in the middle. Seen from above, the carina
and the lateral rugae stand out prominently, making the anterior
margin of the upper portion of the clypeus appear almost tridentate.
A complete scrobe present, reaching back to the end of the third
quarter of the head. The scrobe is divided longitudinally by a sharp
line into two halves for the reception of the folded scape and flagellum ;
it is shining and feebly reticulate. Scapes as long as the scrobes ;

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 275

2nd-8th joints of the flagellum much wider than long. Eyes large,
angulated in front, placed in the middle of the sides.

Thorax half as long again as wide across the anterior margin,
moderately constricted between the meso- and epinotum, all the
sutures obsolete, the dorsal profile forming a continuous and fairly
high convexity. Epinotal teeth acute, divergent, a little longer than
their basal width, half as long as the interval between their bases.
First node of the petiole higher than the 2nd, transversely oval,
slightly narrowed above or subconical, one and a half times wider than
long; 2nd node very little wider than the 1st, twice as wide as long,
its anterior margin feebly convex, the posterior margin straight.
Abdomen globose, very sparsely and feebly punctured.

Amatongas Forest, Portuguese H.A. The nest was placed in moss,
which covered the bark of a large tree growing in the depths of the
forest.

(R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

T. constTancrAE, Arnold, var. TENEBROSUS, n. Vv.
Arnold, Ann. §.A. Museum, vol. 14, pt. 3, p. 339, 1917.
8. Differs from the type of the species as follows :—

The sculpture of the head and thorax is much stronger, the rugae
on the thorax being quite as high as wide, so that the spaces between
them are much deeper or almost pit-like.

The rugae on the head are wider apart, and the
spaces in between (also on the thorax) are more ns =
shining. The dorsal profile of the thorax is : ae
more convex in front than in the type of the

species, and the epinotal spines are less diver- C
gent and shorter, or not quite as long as the in- ve
9

: £
terval between their bases. The Ist node of the ree
petiole is much narrower and less oval, barely T. Constanciae. 8

one-third wider than long. The 2nd node is Type of species,
also narrower than in the type of the species, Oy Un gean sua inodes
. : 5 Var. tenebrosus.
being only three-fourths wider than long (twice a, thorax ; a’, nodes.
as wide as long in the type of the species).

°,4:3mm. Head, thorax, petiole, legs and antennae reddish brown,
abdomen piceous. Pilosity yellowish, much longer but less abundant
than in the %, and composed entirely of simple hairs. Thorax longi-
tudinally rugose, the scutellum and dorsum of the epinotum also

partly reticulate-rugose, the rugae wide apart, the spaces between them

276 Annals of the South African Museum.

very smooth and shining. For the rest, sculptured like the 3. Meso-
notum wider than long, its anterior margin strongly arcuate. Hpinotal
teeth acute, subhorizontal, shorter than in the %, about one-third
longer than their basal width. First node of the petiole thinner or
shorter from front to back than in the 3, more pointed above. Second
node twice as wide as long and half as wide again as the Ist. Wings
hyaline, nervures and stigma pale ochreous. Otherwise like the 8.

3,45 mm. Smoky ochreous, the rugae on the thorax black, head
and abdomen pale yellowish brown, tarsi, mandibles and antennae
bright ochreous. Head and epinotum moderately shining, the rest
of the body very shining. Head striolate-coriaceous, with a few fine
rugae and reticulations superimposed on the cheeks and behind.
Mesonotum smooth, sparsely punctured, the punctures large but
shallow. Scutellum reticulate-rugose, epinotum longitudinally striate,
somewhat reticulate at the sides. Peduncle of the Ist node longi-
tudinally striato-rugose, both nodes reticulate, the reticulations thin
and far apart.

Head trapezoidal, widest in front, and including the eyes, wider than
long; clypeus convex. Hyes very convex, occupying a little more
than the anterior half of the sides of the head. Ocelli large, on a
raised area. The scapes reach back as far as the posterior ocelli.
Scutellum transversely oval, less than half as long as the very gibbous
mesonotum. The two faces of the epinotum form a single and con-
tinuous subvertical convexity. First joint of the petiole more or less
clavate, the node not distinctly delimited. Second joint narrowed
triangularly in front, its posterior half transversely oblong, one-third
wider than long, one half as wide again as the Ist node, fairly flat
above. Wings as in the 9.

Amatongas Forest, Portuguese E.A. Very common in the shady
parts of the forest ; nesting in the ground.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

T. Margueyi, Forel, var. AKERMANI, n. v.

8, 2-5-2-7 mm. This differs from the type of the species by its
smaller size and by the shape of the petiole. The Ist node is more
oval, the posterior margin being convex and not straight, and is twice
as wide as long; the 2nd node is relatively less wide than in the type,
being less than one-third wider than the Ist, and not more than two and
a third times wider than long. Otherwise like the type of the species.

Pietermaritzburg, (Dr. C. Akerman), ex Natal Museum coll. Type
in my collection.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 277

T. HepBurni, Arnold, var. SERICEUS, n. v.

%, 2-7 mm. Piceous, almost black, legs, antennae and mandible
dark ochreous, the femora, except at their bases and apices, dark
brown. The sculpture is similar to that of the type of the species, but
less coarse, especially on the thorax and nodes, the rugosities being
closer together and less prominent. The chief differences, however,
between this form and the type lie in the pilosity and shape of the
thorax and nodes. The pilosity is much shorter and is entirely
decumbent, the shorter (trifid) hairs on the abdomen being depressed
into the little punctures, (somewhat like those of Tetramoriwm setuli-
ferum). The hairs on the legs and scapes, and sides of the 2nd node
are oblique, but there are no outstanding hairs anywhere. The
mesonotum is longer, being nearly half as long again as the pronotum,
(only as long in the type of the species), and the thorax is more con-
stricted at the mesoepinotal suture. The promesonotal suture is
faintly indicated, (entirely obsolete in the type of the species), and the
dorsum of the epinotum is steeper. The Ist node of the petiole, seen
from above, is semicircular, flatter transversely above, and barely one-
third wider than long, and with a straight posterior margin. The 2nd
node transversely oval, twice as wide as long, one-fourth wider than
the lst.. ”

Redbank, 8.R. The nest in loose sand.

This form presents a very different appearance from that of the type
of the species, but the presence of a few individuals in the same nest,
which were somewhat intermediate in sculpture and -pilosity, pre-
cludes its separation as a distinct species.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

TETRAMORIUM, sus-cenus XIPHOMYRMEX.
T. (XIPHOMYRMEX) EBENINUM, 0. sp.

8,3°75 mm. Jet-black; legs, antennae and mandibles dark piceous
brown, the apical half of the last antennal joint and the last four joints
of the tarsi, testaceous. Head and thorax moderately shining, the
former longitudinally and coarsely striato-rugose, the striae few and
far apart, the thorax widely reticulate-rugose, the sides of the head
and thorax more closely sculptured and with transverse striae in
addition, the demiscrobe almost smooth over its posterior two-thirds.
Petiole, legs and abdomen smooth and very shining. Mandibles
closely striate, with a row of large punctures behind the masticatory

278 Annals of the South African Museum.

margin. Clypeus with a strong median carina. Legs and antennae
with a sparse, long and yellowish pubescence ; head and thorax with
a scanty, outstanding and pale pilosity.

Head subrectangular, about one-fifth longer than wide, (excluding
the mandibles), the sides in front of the eyes parallel, behind them
somewhat convex, the posterior angles rounded, the posterior margin
moderately concave. The eyes are very prominent and convex,
placed in the middle of the sides. Second and 3rd joints of the
flagellum a little wider than
long, the 4th and 5th as wide
as long, the rest longer than
wide. The frontal carinae,
which extend back to the po-
sterior margin of the head,
are moderately divergent back-
wards, and form the upper
boundary of the distinct demi-
scrobes; the scapes do not
quite reach the posterior mar-
gin. Anterior margin of clypeus
feebly impressed in the middle.
Anterior margin of the pro-
notum arcuate, the shoulders
subangular. Thoracic sutures
obsolete above, the dorsum of
the epinotum separated from
the mesonotum by a raised and

Hig. S02 cheninune sharp line. The dorsum of
the epinotum is about as long
as wide, slightly hollowed out; the epinotal spines long and acute,
strongly divergent, almost twice as long as they are wide at the base,
quite twice as long as the space between their bases ; episternal teeth
triangular, acute, one-third as long as the epinotal; the declivity
smooth and shining. Node of the 1st joint of the petiole squamiform,
higher than its peduncle is long, and higher than the 2nd node. Its
anterior face is convex from side to side, the posterior face flat, its
dorsal edge convex transversely and moderately rounded from front
to back. The 2nd node two and a third times wider than long, one-
third wider than the Ist, its upper half compressed from front to back,
(more so at the sides than in the middle), the anterior face vertical, a
little wider in front than behind. Abdomen oval.

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 279

Allied to X. occidentalis, Santschi, but differing by the length of the
antennal joints, by the sculptured head and thorax and mandibles.
The nodes of the petiole are thinner, 7.e. much more compressed from
front to back than in X. Humbloti Forel.

Durban. A small nest under a stone, Typein my collection.

(R.M., G.A. colls.)

T. (XIPHOMYRMEX) ANGULINODE, Santschi, var. DAPHNIS, Santschi.
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vol. 78, p. 385, 3, 2, g, 1909.
(var.) Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 60, p. 16, 3, 9, 1920.

8, 2-7 mm. Black; mandibles, antennae and femora brown; the
tibiae, tarsi and Ist joint of the flagellum brownish ochreous. The
whole body with a fine, long and whitish pilosity, fairly sparse and
outstanding, but on the abdomen a little more abundant and oblique.
Head longitudinally striate, with transverse anastomoses at the sides
and behind, forming a wide-meshed reticulum. A complete scrobe
present: it is shining and almost smooth except the anterior portion
of the lower groove, which is reticulate. Promesonotum rugose,
longitudinally so except at the sides, in front, and behind, where it is
somewhat reticulate, the spaces between the rugae being quite three
times wider than the rugae themselves. The mesoepinotal suture
is bounded by a strong transverse raised line in front and behind.
Epinotum irregularly rugose ; sides of thorax finely reticulate, with a
few rugae superimposed. The spaces between the rugae on the
thorax are fairly shining. Nodes of petiole smooth and shining below,
coarsely reticulate-rugose above, the lst node with an oval and smooth
median area on its dorsal face. Abdomen smooth and shining, the
basal third with sparse, large and shallow punctures.

Mandibles shining, with a few very large punctures. Anterior
margin of clypeus narrowly excised in the middle, the median area
strongly carinate. The scapes extend back to the posterior fifth of the
head, as far back as the scrobe in which it lies when folded. Frontal
carinae widely divergent posteriorly, as long as the scrobes, of which
they form the upper margin.

First joint of the flagellum a trifle longer than wide, the 2nd—5th
joints two and a half times wider than long, the 3-jointed club longer
than the rest of the flagellum. Head rectangular, slightly narrowed
in front, the posterior angles rounded, the posterior margin nearly
straight. Hyes moderately large and convex, placed at the middle of
the sides. Shoulders of pronotum subrectangular. Promesonotum

280 Annals of the South African Museum.

submarginate in front and behind, convex transversely and longitudi-
nally. The mesoepinotal suture large and shallow. The dorsum of
the epinotum oblique, a little wider than long, the epinotal spines
acute, one and a half times longer than their basal width, not quite as
long as the space between their bases. Episternal teeth small. First
node of the petiole cuboid, higher than wide or long, a little longer than
the peduncle, the anterior, lateral and posterior faces subvertical, the
dorsal face about one-third wider than long, and quadrangular. The
2nd node transversely oval, about two-thirds wider than the Ist,
twice as wide as long, rounded above from side to side and from front
to back. Abdomen oval, the lst segment as long as wide. Femora
distinctly swollen in the middle.

9, 33 mm. Flagellum paler than in the 3. Promesonotum
longitudinally striate, the striae closer together than in the %. Pro-
notum narrowly exposed in the middle above, more exposed at the
sides, the shoulders rectangular. Scutellum wider than long. First
node slightly wider than in the §. Wings faintly tinged with ochreous.
Otherwise like the ¥.

Hillside, Bulawayo. Nesting in bare soil.

Type in coll. Santschi. (S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls.)

T. ANGULINODE, var. CHLOE, Santschi.
Locrcit patina:

8, 23mm. This differs from the var. daphnis as follows :—

Antennae darker and shorter; the 6th joint two and a half times
wider than long, the 7th twice as wide as long. Sculpture of the head
and thorax stronger, the vertex of the head reticulate, owing to the
presence of well-defined transverse anastomoses. Thorax a little more
narrowed posteriorly. Hpinotal spines longer, fully as long as the
space between their bases. The dorsal face of the Ist node is reticulate-
rugose all over and narrower in front than behind ; it is also distinctly
arched transversely. The 2nd node is rugose only on its posterior
half, the anterior half, which merges obliquely into the anterior face,
being smooth and shining; the sides of the node are straight, not
convex as in daphnis, so that the anterior corners are subrectangular.

Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8.R. Type in coll. Santschi.

(S.A.M., R.M., and G.A. colls.)

T. (XIPHOMYRMEX) FOSSULATUM, Forel.

Pages 345 and 348. This species should be transferred to the genus
Pristomyrmex, Mayr. This genus is characterised by the structure of

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 281

the clypeus, in which the lateral pieces of the clypeus are reduced so
much as to form a very narrow or almost linear strip on each side.
The antennae are 11-jomted; mandibles usually tridentate.

PRISTOMYRMEX CRIBRARIUS, Nn. sp.

2, 38 mm. Head and petiole dark reddish brown, thorax dark
yellowish brown, abdomen black, legs and antennae dark brownish
ochreous. Shining, the abdomen very smooth and glabrous. A short,
thin, sparse and yellowish pilosity on the head, thorax, petiole, antennae
and legs, oblique on the legs, erect elsewhere. Pubescence wanting
except on the flagellum. Cheeks,
upper surface of the head, promeso-
notum and scutellum covered all over
with wide, round and moderately ie
deep pit-like punctures, which are oe
much wider than the spaces between
them. On the thorax some of the
pits coalesce, forming longitudinal
grooves. Both nodes of the petiole
with wide and deep longitudinal sulci at
the sides; the dorsum of the lst node eae. OL
has 3 wide and longitudinal grooves, P. cribrarius.
and the dorsum of the 2nd node has
a wide shield-shaped and smooth area in the middle. Head, excluding
the mandibles, a little wider than long, barely narrower behind than
in front, the sides fairly convex, the posterior margin straight. The
clypeus has a median carina somewhat widened and flattened in front,
and the anterior margin bears on each side three small teeth. Man-
dibles smooth, with 3 blunt teeth, the basal tooth largest, and separated
by a wide space from the other two. Frontal carinae widely divergent,
continued backwards as the upper margin of the scrobe. The latter
ends at about the level of the posterior margin of the eye and is
distinctly defined only in its upper half; its surface is fairly smooth
except in front, where it is vertically striate. The scapes are a little
longer than the scrobes; 2nd—6th joints of the flagellum wider than
long, the 7th as long as wide. Eyes large and convex, placed at about
the middle of the sides. Ocelli small and wide apart, smaller than
most of the punctures on the head. Mesonotum nearly twice as wide
as long, its anterior margin very convex ; scutellum transversely oval,
vertically truncate posteriorly. Epinotal spines horizontal, feebly
divergent, acute and long, quite as long as the interval between them.

282 Annals of the South African Museum.

First node of petiole about as long as wide above, vertically truncate,
im front and at the sides, subquadrate or only a little narrower in front
than behind. Second node one-third wider than the lst, one-third
wider than long, the shield-shaped area convex from front to back and
merging gradually into the smooth anterior face. Abdomen globose,
barely longer than wide. All the femora strongly swollen. Dedlated.

One specimen, on a tree trunk, Amatongas Forest, P.H.A.; in my
collection.

This species resembles P. orbiceps, Santschi, % in the shape of the
clypeus, but otherwise has no relationship to it; quite different from
P. (olum Xiphomyrmex) fossulatum, Forel.

RHOPTROMYRMEX TRANSVERSINODIS, Mayr.

The specimens on which the descriptions (pp. 355-357) were based
were collected at Pretoria (C. K. Brain), and had been compared by
me with a specimen from Port Elizabeth (Dr. H. Brauns), and found
to agree with the same fairly closely. Dr. Santschi, however, has
drawn my attention to the fact that the Pretoria examples differ from
the cotypes of Mayr which are in his possession, and J therefore propose
to separate the former under the name—

Var. PRETORIAE, Nn. Vv.

The variety differs from the type of the species as follows :—

8, 2-8 mm. (incorrectly given as 3 mm. on p. 355), and therefore
somewhat smaller than the type of the species, which attains to 3 mm.
The Ist node of the petiole has a narrower dorsal surface, and is a
little longer than wide, whereas in the type it is as long as wide. The
2nd node is two and three-quarter times wider than the Ist, (only
twice as wide in the type of the species).

These are only slight differences, but as an outa degree of difference
occurs in the 9, recently received from Zululand, the separation of the
Pretoria examples is justified.

The @ of the type of the species differs from that of the variety
(described on p. 356), as follows :—

2, (hitherto undescribed), 3-4 mm. The whole body, including the
legs and antennae, clothed with a sparing and fairly long, greyish
pubescence, oblique on the legs and antennae, decumbent elsewhere.
The vertex is exceedingly finely and sparsely punctured, the rest of
the body impunctate, and the shallow elliptical punctures which are
present in the variety are entirely absent. The posterior angles of
the head do not project so far back as in the variety, and the sides

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 283

above them are barely concave. Parapsidal sutures obsolete (very
distinct in the variety). The dorsum of the epinotum is more deeply
excavated. The 2nd node of the petiole is relatively narrower, with
more angular sides and a less concave anterior margin. Otherwise just
like the 9 of the variety.

3, (hitherto undescribed), 3-4 mm. Black; legs pale brown, tarsi,
antennae and mandibles dirty ochreous. Smooth, shining and
impunctate ; mandibles finely aciculate and dull. Pubescence as in
the 2. Head as long as wide across the eyes, trapezoidal, (excluding
the projecting portion of the clypeus), highest behind, the posterior
margin feebly convex, without projecting lateral angles. Anterior
margin of clypeus convex. Hyes convex, occupying a little less than
one-third of the sides, placed in front of the middle of the latter. The
scapes extend back as far as the anterior ocellus, Ist joint of flagellum
a little longer than wide, the 2nd joint as long as the scape, and com-
posed of 5 coalesced joints, since the whole antenna is 9-jointed ; in
some specimens the true 6th joint of the flagellum is faintly delimited
from the rest of the composite 2nd joint. Mesonotum convex trans-
versely in front, also above, shallowly impressed longitudinally in the
middle, a little wider than long. Scutellum fairly convex, wider at the
base than long. Dorsum of epinotum one-third wider at the base
than at the apex, a little longer than wide at the base, marginate, the
margins ending above the declivity in obtuse angles. Declivity
vertical, hardly more than half as long asthedorsum. The Ist node of
the petiole similar to that of the 9, seen from above, but less narrowed
in front, the dorsal surface more flattened and wider, not produced
below, a little longer than deep. Second node transversely elliptical,
not quite twice as wide as long, the anterior margin convex, the dorsal
surface flat or slightly concave, not convex as in the 2. Abdomen of
the usual form, without prominent lateral angles at the base. Legs
long and slender. Wings as in the &.

M‘fongosi, Zululand (W. EH. Jones), 89, 99, and 34, ex Natal Mus.
coll.; Matroosberg, Hex River Mts., (R. W. E. Tucker).

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Types of 2 and ¢ in my collection.)

TripBeE MERANOPLINI.
CALYPTOMYRMEX CATARACTAE, 0. Sp.
8,3mm. Dark reddish brown, mandibles, antennae and legs paler
or yellowish red-brown. The scapes, whole upper surface of the body
excepting the epinotum, the femora, tibiae and Ist joint of the tarsi
are clothed with large spatulate hairs, those on the head somewhat

284 Annals of the South African Museum.

smaller than elsewhere, the promesonotum with six longitudinal rows
of such hairs. The enlarged ends of these hairs are subcircular, and
fully three times as large as those of C. Arnoldi, Forel. Closely and
very finely reticulate-punctate; the abdomen, which is slightly
shining, very superficially sculptured, the head and thorax above with
a fine longitudinal striation superimposed. Scrobes dull and reticulate-
punctate only. ~Head as wide as long, widest at the posterior fourth,
gradually narrowed anteriorly, half as wide again as the prothorax.
Mandibles aciculate, the masticatory margin finely denticulate.
Head shaped as in C. Arnoldi, but the posterior margin is distinctly
more convex, and the teeth on the upper edge of the clypeus are
blunter and shorter. The posterior part of the mesonotum is flat
from side to side, not convex as in Arnoldi, the posterior lateral angles
ending in small, rounded teeth, larger than those of Arnoldi, and
hidden by one of the spatulate hairs. The declivity and dorsum of the
epinotum lie almost in the same plane, whereas in Arnoldi the declivity
is steep. The dorsum is a little longer than wide, with a very minute
prominence behind on each side, (hardly a tooth, and much smaller
than in Arnoldi). The declivity is strongly marginate on each side.
Nodes as in Arnoldt.

Rain Forest, Victoria Falls, 1 . Type in my collection.

Larger and darker than Arnoldi, and quite distinct from that
species by the form of the hairs, which are all strongly spatulate, the
widened terminal portion being round, not oblong as in Arnoldt.
Moreover, in the latter species the hairs are chiefly confined to the
abdomen. It differs from C. nummulitica, Santschi, by the sculpture,
especially of the epinotum, by the colour, and by the shorter peduncle
of the Ist node.

MERANOPLUS SPININODIS, Arnold.

2, (hitherto undescribed), 3-7 mm. Colour, sculpture and pilosity
as in the &. Ocelli small and wide apart. The anterior angles of the
pronotum, which is widely exposed above, end in short, acute and
triangular teeth, (the diagnosis of the 2 generic characters, p. 364,
should be accordingly emended). Mesonotum unarmed, scutellum
with the anterior and posterior margins arcuate, its sides vertical.
Epinotal spines like those of the 3 but stouter. Petiole similar to that
of the %, but the teeth on the dorsal edge of the Ist node are much
shorter. Abdomen oblong. Dedalated. Otherwise like the 9.

3, (hitherto undescribed), 3-1mm. Black; abdomen piceous, the
bases and apices of the femora, the tibiae and antennae pale smoky

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 285

brown, the tarsi ochreous. Head and thorax subopaque, fairly finely
reticulate rugose, the middle of the dorsum of the epinotum, the
declivity, petiole and abdomen smooth and shining, the nodes also
very superficially reticulate, the abdomen
sparsely punctured. Pilosity as in the &
and 9, but much scantier. Head, seen
from in front and excluding the eyes, sub-
circular, a very little longer than wide
behind the eyes. The latter very convex
and prominent, occupying the anterior

Fie. 82.
half of the sides. The scape is a little 1. Spinidosis type.
shorter than the eye, but a little longer eee pee
Bae a, petiole, profile ;
than the 2nd joint of the flagellum, the 4, aeffolle, seem fron elbtingk

Ist joint as long as wide, two-fifths the

length of the 2nd. Mandibles atrophied, very small, not meeting
in the middle when closed. Mesonotum with distinct Mayrian
furrows, the scutellum triangular, rounded behind, separated from
the mesonotum by a deep groove. Dorsum of epinotum ending
on each side behind in a blunt angle, it is as long as the sub-
vertical declivity, which is feebly concave transversely. First node
much lower than the 2nd, very convex lengthwise above, about as
long as wide. Second node subglobose, not wider than the Ist.
Wings hyaline, nervures and stigma very pale straw-yellow.

Hillside, Bulawayo. Types in my collection.

M. SPININODIS, var. GLABER, 0. V.

8, 2°8 mm. Ochreous, the anterior margin of the head and the
apical third of the abdomen slightly reddish ochreous. Pilosity
entirely absent, clothed only with a short, pale yellowish and almost
decumbent pubescence. Sculpture like that of the type of the species,
but a little more superficial. The epinotal spines brownish at their
apices. The Ist node of the petiole distinctly narrower than in the
type of the species and with longer teeth, one and a half times longer
than their basal width. The 2nd node is shorter, rather bluntly conical,
not with a flattened dorsal’ face as in the type of the species. Both
nodes much higher than long, and much thinner from front to back
_ than in the type of the species. The 2nd node is produced below into
a sharp triangular tooth. Otherwise exactly like the type of the
species.

Hillside, Bulawayo ; Sawmills, Umgusa River, 8.A.

(S.A.M., R.M., G.A. colls. Type in my collection.)

286 Annals of the South African Museum.

Trine DACETINI.
STRUMIGENYS Marueyi, Arnold.
(as race of Havilandi, Forel, p. 378.)

Having recently seen the paratypes of Havilandi, Forel, (leg. Havi-
land, ex Natal Mus. coll.), it becomes apparent that Marleyi should
stand as a distinct species. In addition to the characters given on
p. 378, it also differs in the following features from Havilandi. The
colour is a pale raw umber, much darker than in Havilandi, which in
all the specimens I have seen is straw-yellow and not rusty yellowish-
red as stated in Forel’s description, (this, however, may be due to the
long immersion in alcohol, nearly twenty years, having leached the
colour out). The mesonotum is more convex lengthwise, and the
dorsum of the epinotum is a little wider than long. The dorsal face
of the 1st node is about one-quarter wider than long, (nearly twice as
wide as long in Havilandz) ; the dorsal face of the 2nd node is lenti-
cular, (semicircular in Haviland), and is only half as wide again as
long, and not quite twice as wide as the Ist.

Tring CATAULACINI.
CATAULACUS INTRUDENS, Smith, race TRISTICULUS, Santschi.

Rev. Zool. Afr., vol. 6, p. 237, 3, 2, 3g, 1919.

“3, 3-7-4 mm. Black; antennae and tibiae reddish, the rest of
the legs and the mandibles rusty brown. Dull, the abdomen less so.
The head has about 20 longitudinal and irregular rugae with anasto-
moses a little less numerous than in wmtrudens. Similar rugae, but
more or less arcuate, on the pronotum. About 20 to 22 can be counted
on the widest part of the thorax. The occiput and the declivity of
the epinotum are transversely rugose. Upper face of the nodes
regularly rugoso-sulcate lengthwise. Abdomen finely reticulate and
with close longitudinal striae at both ends, more feebly sculptured than
in wntrudens. Head and thorax a little narrower than in intrudens
Smith and the race intermedius, Santschi. Head feebly arcuate at
the sides, the posterior margin straight. The eyes are not so large as
those of antermedius, but larger than of intrudens ; seen from in front
they project beyond the margin of the head (flatter in intrudens).
Mandibles finely rugose. Hpinotum wider than in intermedius, longer
and narrower than in wntrudens. The epinotal spines are shorter than

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 287

the space between their bases, more divergent than in intermedius and
less than in intrudens. First node of petiole conical, with the anterior
face vertical, longer than wide at the base, strongly appendiculate
below, with about 4 or 5 sulci above. The 2nd node 1s a little wider
than the Ist, and not so long as wide, narrowed behind. Abdomen
oval, the sides feebly arcuate-subparallel, the base emarginate.
Pilosity as in wntrudens, Smith.

2, 5:5 mm. Width of the head, 1-1 mm.; length,1-3mm. Length
of the abdomen, 2 mm.; width, 1:3mm. Head more coarsely reticulate
than in the %, as much as in the $ intermedius, the rest of the sculpture
as in the §, and the shape as in the 9 of C. Ebrardi, Forel. Wings
yellowish with brownish nervures.

3, 4mm. Head and thorax with feebler and more widely spaced
rugae than in the %, they are also effaced in front and behind.
Abdomen without striae, only reticulate. Pilosity longer and more
abundant than in the %, especially on the abdomen. The major
diameter of the eyes is equal to their distance from the base of the
mandibles and to the width of the front of the head. Occipital margin
straight, the angles bidentate. The epinotal teeth are one-sixth the
length of the space between their bases, which is barely concave.
First node of petiole less narrowed behind than in the §, its anterior
face reticulate. Abdomen pyriform.”

Port Elizabeth, (T. Reeve leg.), ex Albany Mus. coll. Type in my
collection.

TrinE PHEIDOLINI.

PHEIDOLE CAPENSIS, Mayr, var. MODESTIOR, Santschi.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 52, p. 337, 21, 3, 1919.

21,4 mm. Smaller than the type of the species and of a darker
colour, especially the abdomen, which is dark brown. The occipital
emargination is deeper and more angular at the apex, the sides of the
head more convex. The promesonotum is narrower than in the type
of the species, and the posterior lateral angles of the pronotum more
acute. The 2nd node of the petiole is relatively wider and more
angularly produced on each side. The scapes are a little longer.
Otherwise like the 2| of the type of the species.

8, 2mm. Head dark brown. Posterior margin of the head more
concave, the lateral angles much more widely rounded than in the ¥
of the type of the species. The 2nd node with more angular sides.
Otherwise like the % of the type of the species.

Majuba Nek, C.P., ex Albany Mus. coll. ; type in coll. Santschi.

WO, SOXMIL TBA Be 19

288 Annals of the South African Museum.

TRIBE CREMASTOGASTRINI.
CREMASTOGASTER OROBIA, Santschi.

Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 52, p. 343, 3, 1919.

8, 2-6-3-5 mm. Black; mandibles, clypeus at the sides, flagellum
and tarsi dark brown. Head and thorax dull, except the median
posterior third of the head and the declivity of the epinotum, which
are smooth and shining. Head fairly sharply and closely striate
longitudinally, the shining area on the vertex superficially reticulate
and finely punctured. Mandibles dull, longitudinally striate. Thorax
and lst node of petiole finely reticulate-punctate, the former with a
few fine longitudinal striae on the pronotum and several rugae on the
dorsum of the epinotum, the 2nd node nearly smooth. Abdomen
smooth and shining. A few erect hairs on the clypeus and nodes,
elsewhere there is only a fine, oblique and rare pubescence. Head
quadrate, excluding the mandibles, as wide as long, the sides fairly
convex, the posterior margin almost straight. The eyes are placed
just behind the middle of the sides. The scapes extend beyond the
posterior margin of the head by a length equal to twice their own
apical width. First and 2nd joints of the flagellum longer than wide,
the 3rd wider than long. Promesonotum nearly one-fourth longer
than wide, fairly flat above, convex in front, the promesonotal suture
feebly indicated, the mesonotum with a weak median carinula, its
declivity short and oblique. Dorsum of epinotum widened posteriorly,
as long as wide at the base; the epinotal teeth fine, short, directed
obliquely upwards and outwards, as long as their basal width and
about one-third as long as the space between their bases. First node
trapezoidal, the anterior angles rounded, wider in front than long ;
2nd node with a median groove.

Matroosberg, C.P., 4500 ft. (R. W. Tucker leg.), ex S.A.M. coll.

Type in coll. Santschi. (S.A.M., G.A. colls.)

C. AcACIAE, Forel, var. GENEROSA, Santschi.
Loc. ctt., p. 343, 9.

“3,3:-4 mm. Reddish brown. Front of the head and the clypeus
smooth or less strongly striate than in var. victoriosa, Santschi. Dorsum
of the epinotum more distinctly striate lengthwise in the smaller
workers. The rest smooth and shining as in wictoriosa. Head and
thorax a little narrower, the epinotal spines slender, one and a half

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 289

times longer than thick, much shorter than in wctoriosa. The Ist
node is also a little narrower in front; otherwise like victoriosa.

2, 8 mm. Reddish ochreous. Mandibles, flagellum and apex of
abdomen somewhat darker, the wings smoky brown, nervures brown.
Smooth and shining. Mandibles and sides of epinotum striate, the
cheeks striolate. Erect pilosity moderate.

Head about one-sixth wider behind than long (excluding the
mandibles), one-fourth wider behind than in front. The posterior
margin straight. The sides moderately convex, the eyes occupying
the median fourth. Masticatory margin of the mandibles oblique,
with 5 teeth. Clypeus convex, not carinate. The frontal sulcus
reaches the anterior ocellus. The scape just reaches the posterior
margin of the head ; 3rd to 5th joints of the flagellum wider than long.
Frental carinae shorter than the frontal area, the latter longer than
wide. Thorax a little narrower than the head. EHpinotum bidentate,
the scutellum almost overhanging it. First node of petiole trapezoidal,
wider in front than long. Second node impressed behind.”’

Durban, (C. P. v. d. Merve leg.) ; type in coll. Santschi.

C. BULAWAYENSIS, Forel, var. RUFESCENS, Santschi.
(C. Sjoestedti, race bulawayensis) Rev. Zool. Afr., vol. 6, p. 236, 1919.

“3, 2-6-4 mm. Of a bright reddish brown, the head and margins
of the abdominal segments somewhat darker. The fine striae on the
front of the head extend back less far than in the race. The epinotal
teeth are very small, half as long as in bulawayensis. The Ist node of
the petiole slightly wider in front. Otherwise similar.”

Natal, (Haviland leg.), ex Natal Mus. coll. Type in coll. Santschi.

C. BULAWAYENSIS, var. ZULU, Santschi.
Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., vol. 60, p. 15, ¥, 1920.

“8, 3:2-3°5.mm. Black, mandibles, club of antenna and last
tarsal joints blackish brown. The epinotal teeth shorter and more
obtuse. Otherwise like bulawayensis, Forel.

2,10 mm. Black, flagellum, tarsi, mandibles, and anterior margin
of the head dark rusty red. The space between the ocelli and the eyes,
the mesonotum, scutellum, and abdomen shining, smooth and with a
few small punctures. Head rectangular, slightly longer than wide,
narrowed in front, the sides and hind margin straight. Thorax narrow,
the epinotal teeth reduced to mere tubercles. The Ist segment of the
petiole is almost square, the sides parallel. The 2nd segment is a little

290 Annals of the South African Museum.

wider than long, without groove or impression. Wings slightly
infuscate, the anterior wing 8-5 mm. long.”

M’fongosi, Zululand, (W. H. Jones leg.), ex Natal Mus. coll. Type
in coll. Santschi.

TrinE PLAGIOLEPIDINI.
PLAGIOLEPIS FUNICULARIS, Santschi.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 52, p. 344, 3, 1919.

8, 1:9-2 mm. Yellowish red-brown, the abdomen and back of the
head a little darker in some specimens; legs and antennae straw-
yellow, the flagellum apically and femora somewhat browned.
Smooth and shining. An exceedingly fine and not dense pubescence
all over, the abdomen with a few longer outstanding hairs. Head
rounded, as long as wide, widest in the middle, a little narrower in
front than behind, the posterior margin feebly concave, the posterior
angles narrowly rounded. LHyes fairly large, placed just in front
of the middle of the sides. Clypeus subcarinate medially in the
posterior half. Mandibles shining, with 5 teeth. The scapes extend
beyond the hind margin of the head by as much as their apical width.
Second joint of the flagellum nearly twice as wide as long, the 3rd and
4th subequal, longer than wide. Pronotum convex, two-fifths wider
than long in the middle; mesonotum one-third wider than long,
about two-thirds longer than the metanotum ; the three sutures fairly
distinct but not deep. Dorsum of epinotum short, shorter than the
metanotum, merging gradually into the much longer and very oblique
declivity. Scale of petiole subquadrate, the dorsal edge convex
transversely.

Natal, (Haviland leg.), ex Natal Mus. coll. ; type in coll. Santschi.

Trine CAMPONOTINI.
CAMPONOTUS (s.g. MYRMAMBLYS) ORITES, Santschi.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 52, p. 346, 9, 1919.

21,7mm. Head black; thorax and abdomen dark brown, the femora
dull ochreous, antennae, tibiae and tarsi reddish ochreous. Mandibles
reddish brown or piceous. Smooth and shining, microscopically
reticulate-rugulose. A few small piligerous punctures on the cheeks
and on the frons between the frontal carinae. Clypeus, mandibles,
scale and abdomen with a few longer, yellowish and exserted hairs.
Head widest across the eyes (which are placed at the posterior third),

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 291

as wide there as long, not quite half as wide again there as across the
anterior margin; the posterior margin nearly straight, the posterior
angles narrowly rounded. The frontal carinae, which extend back
to the level of a line joining the anterior margin of the eyes, are half as
far again from the sides as they are from each other. Mandibles
striato-punctate, 5-dentate. Median area of clypeus feebly coriaceous,
slightly wider than long, moderately convex, not carinate, with a row
of 4 or 5 deep punctures just on the anterior margin. The scapes
extend beyond the hind margin by half their apical width. Pronotum
convex in front, almost flat above, half as wide again as long. Meso-
notum as long as wide in front, three times as wide there as at the meso-
epinotal suture. From that point the thorax is much constricted, so
that the dorsum of the epinotum is parallel-sided, two and a quarter
times longer than wide. It is slightly shorter than the subvertical
declivity and merges into it by a widely rounded angle. L=3 H.
The scale of the petiole is nearly twice as high as wide, rounded trans-
versely above, flat behind, convex from side to side in front. The base
of the abdomen subtruncate. Femora strongly compressed, the
tibiae less so or subcylindrical, not setose.

8 media, 5-5-6 mm. Head trapezoidal, more narrowed in front than
in the 21. Scapes longer, extending to the middle of the pronotum.
Clypeus subcarinate over the basal half; legs paler. The scale a
little thicker than in the 21.

8 minor, 4:3 mm. Legs straw-yellow; the clypeus more distinctly
carinate on the basal half than in the § media. The scape extends
back nearly as far as the posterior margin of the pronotum. The
epinotum is longer, the dorsum fully as long as the declivity. Scale
thicker and lower.

Matroosberg, C.P., 5000 to 7000 ft. (R. W. Tucker leg.), ex S.A.
Mus. coll. Type in coll. Santschi.

The C. orinodromus, Santschi, loc. cit., p. 347, is without doubt the
same species as orttes. The specimens sent to Dr. Santschi for
determination were all collected in the same place by Mr. Tucker
and from the same nest. Moreover, the differences cited by Santschi
are trivial, such as might be expected to occur within the range of
variation amongst the individuals of one nest.

C. (s.g¢. MyRMoTURBA) CLEOBULUS, Santschi.

Rev. Zool. Afr., vol. 6, p. 238, 21, 9, 1919.

“2,8mm. Black; mandibles, except at the base, reddish. Flagel-
lum and tarsi brown. Apical margins of abdominal segments slightly

292 Annals of the South African Museum.
yellowish. Pilosity mediocre, a little shorter than in thales, Forel.
Sculpture as in thales, but there are more pit-like punctures between
the frontal carinae, and those of the mandibles are larger. Head
wider behind than in thales, (2:2 mm. long, 2:1 mm. wide). The
posterior margin straight ; the sides, feebly convergent in the posterior
half, become more strongly convergent in front. Eyes mediocre, two-
thirds the length of their distance from the posterior margin. The
site of the lateral ocelli is indicated by wide elongated impressions.
The frontal sulcus is weak and does not extend beyond the frontal
carinae, the latter are nearer together in front than in thales. Clypeus
strongly carinate, with a lobe which is shorter than in thales. Mandibles
reticulate, with 5 or 6 roundedteeth. The scape, 2:1 mm. long, extends
a good deal beyond the posterior margin. Frontal area short. Thorax
convex from one end to the other, the angle of the epinotum more
marked, the declivity more oblique than in thales. Metanotum
distinct, short. Profile high, the summit less convex than in thales.
Posterior tibiae 2°3 mm. long, unarmed. Abdomen of moderate size.

8, 6 mm. Head rectangular, one-fifth longer than wide. The
posterior margin barely convex, the posterior angles rounded, the eyes
placed in the posterior fourth of the sides. The scape extends beyond
the posterior margin by a third of its length. Clypeus carinate as in
the 21, the angles of the lobe more oblique. Dorsum of epinotum
straight, considerably longer than the declivity, and forming with it
an angle of about 150°. Scale thicker and more convex in front than
in the 21, thinner than in thales 8.”

Drakensberg, Natal, 11,000 ft. (Haviland leg.), ex Natal Mus. coll.
Type in coll. Santschi.

C. MACULATUS, race PICTIVENTRIS, Mayr, var. IMMACULIFRONS, Santschi.
Loe. cit., p. 349.

I cannot agree with Dr. Santschi in granting these specimens a
distinct varietal name. The specimens which were sent to him were
compared with cotypes of Mayr, and, as I have pointed out before,
differ from them only to a very trivial extent. It is questionable
whether it is worth while to attach a distinct name to every petty
variation exhibited in this extraordinary variable species.

C. MACULATUS, race RADAMOIDES, Forel, var. CATARACTAE, Santschi.
UGG, Chilo, TO. AEB) Ale,

“91, 11-12 mm. Head black; dorsum of thorax and greater part
of the abdomen brownish black. Mandibles dark red. Sides of the

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 293

thorax as in the type of the species, coxae, femora, scale, two large
confluent spots on the base of the abdomen, and two others more or
less distinct and equally diffuse on the sides of the second and third
segments, ochreous yellow, more or less reddish. Flagellum, tibiae
and tarsi of a deeper reddish ochreous. Middle of the scapes brownish.
The reddish pilosity shorter and a little less abundant than in the type
of the species. A few fine hairs are on the cheeks. Pubescence very
scanty, even on the limbs. Tibiae not setose. Head and upper sur-
face of thorax slightly dull, the rest shining. Reticulate,in greater part
densely reticulate-punctate. Abdomen finely reticulate-shagreened
transversely. Head wider behind than in front (2-2 to 2-3 mm. wide ;
in front 1-5 mm.), from 2-4 to 2-5 mm. long, the sides sub-
rectilinear in their median fourth, and convex in front and behind.
The posterior margin straight with the angles much rounded. Eyes
a little smaller than their distance from the posterior margin. Frontal
carinae nearly twice as far apart behind as in front. Clypeus strongly
carinate, the lobe shorter than in the type of the species. The scape,
2-5 mm. long, extends by nearly a fourth of its length beyond the
posterior margin. Thorax relatively shorter than in the varieties
liocnemis and madecassa. The scale is slightly higher. Posterior
tibiae cylindrical, slightly compressed, 2-5-3 mm. long. Otherwise
like lioenemis, from which it differs chiefly by the wider and shorter
head, which is also shorter than in the race Hannae.

8,9 mm. Entirely rusty reddish, except the diffuse spots on the
abdomen.” |

Cataract Island, Victoria Falls, (Arnold leg.) ; type in coll. Santschi.

C. MACULATUS, race AGRICOLA, Forel, var. TaciTUS, Santschi.
Loc. cit., p. 240, 21, 9.

“21, 8:5 mm. Head and thorax rusty ferruginous, flagellum, legs,
scale and front of the abdomen reddish yellow, the rest of the abdomen
reddish brown, with the margins of the segments yellowish. Top of the
head and scapes slightly browned. Margin of the mandibles and
clypeus blackish. A scanty reddish pilosity margins the abdominal
segments, but is lacking on the legs, which are only sparsely pubescent.
Densely reticulate and dull. The abdomen transversely striolate and
nitidulous. Clypeus and mandibles fairly shining. Head 2-1 mm.
wide behind the eyes, 2-4 mm. long. The posterior margin straight,
the angles rounded, the sides convergent in front but only a little
convex. Eyes behind the middle of the sides and shorter than their
distance from the posterior margin. Frontal carinae but slightly

294 Annals of the South African Museum.

divergent in their posterior two-thirds. Clypeus strongly carinate,
the lobe straight, a little wider than in, and as long as in thales, Forel.
Mandibles punctate, with 7 teeth. Thorax as in thales, but the —
metanotum is distinct. The dorsum of the epinotum is longer than
the declivity. Scale thin. Otherwise as in agricola.

8. This agrees with the description of that of agricola.”’

Natal, (Haviland leg.), ex Natal Mus. coll. Type in coll. Santschi.

C. MACULATUS, race HANNAE, Santschi.
Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat., vol. 52, p. 349, 21, 9.

“8 8-12 mm. The 2 is coloured like the race cavallus, Santschi.
The yellow spot on the front of the abdomen is a little less extensive.
Pilosity less abundant, especially on the head above and below.
_ Cheeks without exserted hairs. The abdomen and posterior angles of
the head are a little less shining, the sculpture being more pronounced.
The thorax is shorter and forms from front to back a more accentuated
curve, the two faces of the epinotum not distinctly defined from each
other. The metanotum is longer, about twice as wide as long (three
times wider than long in cavallus). The scale is thicker and more
convex in front. Tibiae compressed, not setose.

8 media. Paler than in cavallus.

8 minor. Only the dorsum of the thorax and abdomen a little
browner. Thorax also more convex. Otherwise like cavallus.

This race inclines in the direction of atramentarius and radamovdes,
Forel. It greatly resembles cavallus, Santschi, in colour and general
form, but the shorter and more convex thorax makes it a distinct
race. Victoria Falls.”

Type in coll. Santschi.

C. COMPRESSUS F. race PROBATIVUS Santschi.

Since writing the first paragraph on p. 634, 1917, a long correspond-
ence passed between Dr. Santschi and myself, which led eventually
to my sending him the specimens received from Dr. Forel, and on
which these conclusions were based. As a result of his examination, _
Dr. Santschi concludes that these specimens were wrongly named by
Dr. Forel, and that they represent a new race probativus of C. com-
pressus F. (see Bull. Soc. d’Hist. Nat. de l’Afriqg. du Nord, t. xii,
pp. 73, 74 nota, 1921). The description which follows on p. 634,
from line 14 onwards, is therefore of that race and not of the race
sexpunctatus. C. compressus, an Indian ant, has hitherto been

A Monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. 295

regarded as a race of maculatus ; I do not know when, and by whom,
it was raised to specific rank.

C. (s.g. MyrmMosaGA) FAVORABILIS, Santschi.
Loc. cit., p. 349, 8.

“8 minor, 4:3 mm. Brown; mandibles, clypeus, first joint of the
flagellum, scape, tarsi and pronotum, rusty red. Coxae yellow.
Ventral surface of abdomen and the legs reddish yellow. The ab-
dominal segments narrowly margined with yellow. Smooth and
shining, very finely reticulate, the epinotum and abdomen below very
finely and transversely reticulate. Some fine, pointed, erect, and long
yellowish hairs on the thorax, which are more abundant on the head
and abdomen. Pubescence yellowish, fairly adjacent, sparse on the
abdomen, fairly abundant on the pronotum, longer and more distantly
distributed on the head, especially on the cheeks and clypeus. With
the exception of some hairs on the articulations of the femora and
tibiae, the legs, like the antennae, are only pubescent. Head about
one-fifth longer than wide, rounded behind the eyes, the latter pro-
minent and occupying the posterior fourth of the sides. The sides of
the head are straight and converge a little in front. Clypeus carinate
as far as the anterior margin. The frontal carinae extend back as far
as the level of the middle of the eyes, where they are as wide apart as
they are long. Mandibles smooth, with large punctures, and with
6 teeth. The scape extends beyond the occipital margin. Thorax
fairly elongate, the pronotum longer than wide. Mesonotum longer
than wide, distinctly narrower and higher in front than the pronotum,
the mesoepinotal suture not very distinct, the promesonotal well
defined. Dorsum of epinotum clearly concave from front to back,
convex from side to side, not marginate, higher in front than behind,
from one-third to one-half longer than the declivity, with which it
forms a rounded angle. The declivity is convex in all directions, and
not marginate. ‘The scale is about twice as high as thick (long), the
summit thin, flat behind, convex in front, higher than the declivity
of epinotum. The anterior face of the abdomen almost half as high
again as the scale. Tibiae cylindrical.”’

Nyamandhlovu, 8.R., 1 specimen. Type in coll. Santschi.

( 297 )

3. South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum.
By Professor M. BEzzt.

THE scarcity of the family Rhagionidae (=Leptidae), taken in its
narrowest sense (that is, after the exclusion of the Hilarimorphinae,
of the Xylophaginae, and of the Coenomyinae), is one of the most
striking features of the Ethiopian Dipterous Fauna. From more
than 300 species known from all parts of the world only the following
are recorded from the Ethiopian region :—

1. Leptynoma sericeum, Westwood, 1876, Damaraland.

2. Lampromyia argentata, Bigot, 1885, Cape.

3. Atherix binominata, Bequaert, 1921 (=longipes, Loew, 1863, nec
Bellardi, 1861), Bloemfontein.

4. Atherix braunst, Bequaert, 1921, Stellenbosch.

Atherix disciclara, Speiser, 1914, Cameroon.

Chrysopilus fulvidus, Bigot, 1891, Assinia.

Chrysopilus testaceus, Loew, 1858, Cafiraria.

Chrysopilus cricosphaerota, Speiser, 1914, Cameroon.

. Chrysopilus obscurupes, Speiser, 1923, Hast Central Africa.

Wory singular also is the complete absence of Khagio (= Leptis),
the typical genus of the family. On the other hand, the abundance
of the genus Atherixz (+ Atrichops), both in species and individuals,
is very characteristic. Out of 30 species of Rhagionidae in the South
African Museum, 20 (that is 66-6 per cent.) belong to that genus.

The importance of the family is great even from an economic point
of view, because it contains some blood-sucking kinds. One of these
is present in the collection, and is described here for the first time as
belonging to the Australian genus Athervmorpha. Others, like the
species of Atherix, are unique in habits, the females congregating in
dense clusters for oviposition, after which the young larvae feed
first on the cluster of dead bodies before reaching the water.

The African genera may be distinguished as follows :—

o> Oe SI

1. (2) Front tibiae with a strong spur at end; face flat, narrow, and elongate,
the antennae being inserted above the middle of the eyes ; proboscis
longer than the head and often very elongate, directed downwards ; front
tarsi without tactile hairs; wings cuneate at base, with the alula linear and
provided with a prominent basal tooth ; cubital fork short and broad ;
calypters much reduced (subfam. Vermileoninae). Lampromyia, Macq.

298 Annals of the South African Museum.

bo

(1) Front tibiae without spur; face broad, short, and with sockets, the
antennae being inserted below the middle of the eyes; proboscis
shorter than the head and often very short if elongate, directed
forward ; front tarsi often with tactile hairs below; wings not cun-
eate, with rounded alula, and with long and narrow cubital fork ;
calypters well developed.

A. (B) Proboscis shorter than the head, antennal style not annulated.
. (12) Hind tibiae with two spurs at end; eyes not bisected (subfam.
Rhagioninae).

4. (9) Third antennal joint reniform, with dorsal arista; antennae inserted
very low; wings with closed anal cell and with a short second longi-
tudinal vein, which ends very close to the end of the first vein.

5. (6) Sides of face quite bare in both sexes; frons bare or only with a few
scattered hairs; eyes of male contiguous for a great length, with the
anterior areolets distinctly enlarged; frons of female very narrow ;
palpi with short and scarce hairs ; pleurae nearly bare Atrichops, Verr.

6. (5) Frons and sides of face more or less densely but always hairy ; eyes of
male with equal areolets, more or less broadly separated; frons of
female broad ; palpi densely hairy; pleurae more hairy.

(8) Eyes of male somewhat contiguous; legs not specially inflated, with
simple hind praetarsi ; hind tibiae with long spurs . Atherix, Meig.

8. (7) Eyes of male broadly separated; legs much thickened, with dentate

praetarsi and with small spurs on the hind tibiae ; hypopygium much
inflated and pendulous . : : Pachybates, gen. nov.

9. (4) Third antennal joint not reniform, with terminal arista; wings with

typically open anal cell and with long second vein.

10. (11) Third antennal joint rather elongate and gradually drawn out into a
thickened arista; tibiae with three rows of distinct spicules; second
longitudinal vein ending at a considerable distance from the first ; frons
equally broad in both sexes . : . Atherimorpha, White.

11. (10) Third antennal joint short and with a dite hair-like arista ; tibiae with
no differentiated spicules ; second vein ending close to the end of the
first ; eyes of male connected or very ee separated. Not found
as yet in the Ethiopian Region é : ‘ Rhagio, Fabr.

12. (3) Hind tibiae with only one terminal spur; eyes bisected ; second longi-
tudinal vein short, curved upwards at end, and thus very close to the
end of the first vein (subfam. Chrysopilinae) . Chrysopilus, Macq.

B. (A) Proboscis longer than the head and directed obliquely forward ; third
antennal joint forming an 8-annulated complex; eyes bisected ; hind
tibiae with two spurs (Arthrotelinae) : . Arthroteles, gen. nov.

sl

SuBFAMILY VERMILEONINAE.
Gen. LampromytaA, Macquart, 1835.

This genus is distinguished from the typical genus Vermileo, Mac-
quart in having a long proboscis and a non-pulvilliform empodium.
The genus Leptynoma, Westwood, 1876 (originally described from South
Africa as belonging to the Asilidae, like the European genus Apogon,

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 299

Perris=Vermileo), is certainly synonymous with it. The Mediter-
ranean species, like L. cylindrica and pallida, differ only in having
the face more produced below and forwards.

These flies are very interesting on account of the singular habits
of their larvae which live in the sand like those of the ant-lions, being,
however, very different in the shape of the body.

Of the forms described below, L. sericea and argentata are probably
one species, while brevirostris is very different from the others onaccount
of its strong and relatively short proboscis. They are as follows :—

1 (6) Proboscis thin and longer than one-half of the body; third antennal
joint short and with a thin arista; front tibiae with small and less
distinct terminal spur; thorax with a broad, blackish median stripe ;
abdomen entirely yellowish, clothed with silvery dust, and having a
deeply punctate area at the base of each segment.

2. (5) Upper branch of cubital fork S-shaped, curved above at end and set
obliquely or even almost perpendicularly ; thoracic median stripe deep
black.

3. (4) Third antennal joint blackish ; lateral dark stripes of back of mesonotum
broad; second longitudinal vein with a rounded bend, and not
appendiculate ; upper branch of cubital fork oblique, ending not much
before the wing-tip; fourth posterior cell open; first posterior cell

narrow sericea, Westw.

4. (3) Third antennal joint mas Eellberak itera leer see narrow ; second
vein angularly bent and there provided with an appendix; upper
branch rather perpendicular and ending much before the wing-tip ;
tourth posterior cell closed and provided with a long stalk; first
posterior cell broad . : : appendiculata, sp. nov.

(2) Upper branch of the cubital fork ther eect and set almost horizontally,
ending near wing-tip; thoracic middle stripe reddish-brown ; antennae
entirely pale yellowish ; bend of second vein rounded and not appen-
diculate ; fourth posterior cell closed at wing-border; first posterior
cell narrow ; all the veins yellowish . . argentata, Big.

6. (1) Proboscis rather thick and only a little lanes Wen the head; third

antennal joint elongate, with thickened arista; front tibiae with a
long and strong terminal spur; thorax with three narrow black stripes
in front; pleurae black-spotted; abdomen with black bands and
black end, without silvery dust and without punctate basal area on
each segment; hind legs black, with white rings; wings with oblique
upper branch of cubital fork and with the first posterior cell broadening
outwardly : : : er esr A . brevirostris, sp. nov.

or

1. Lampromyta sericea, Westwood.
Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1876, p. 517, pl. vi, fig. 7 (Leptynoma).

Described from Damaraland. In the South African Museum
there is a male specimen from Matroosberg, 3500 ft., Ceres Div.,

300 Annals of the South African Museum.

November 1917 (R. M. Lightfoot), which may be considered as
belonging to the present species. As Westwood’s original description
consists only of a few words a full description is necessary.

3. Length of body, 13mm. ; of wing, 10 mm. ; of proboscis, 6 mm.
Occiput black, densely clothed with opaque grey dust, with pale
yellowish hairs, and with a row of yellowish thin cilia at eyes-border,
these cilia becoming longer below. Frons parallel-sided, narrow,
being not broader than the distance between the basal ocelli; it is
black and quite bare, with a little dark grey dust in front; the
ocelli are of large size, placed on a prominent tubercle, which, however,
is not visible in profile, the frons being concave at the vertex. Hyes
bare, with the upper areolets not distinctly enlarged; they are of
large size, ovate, their vertical diameter being about twice as long as
the horizontal one; in profile they form almost the whole head, the
face only being prominent. Face in the middle twice as broad as the
frons, convex and rather prominent, but not with sockets, more
produced below than the lower corner of the eyes; it is densely
clothed with white dust and almost bare, having only a few thin
white hairs below on the sides. Antennae inserted a little above the
middle of the eyes, close to each other at base; they are carried
obliquely above and are about as long as the horizontal diameter of
the eyes; the two basal joints are yellowish, the first being twice as
long as the rather globular second, both with a few very short hairs
below, and bare above; third joint black, shortly conical, shorter
than the first joint; arista terminal, black, bare, distinctly shorter
than the whole antenna. Palpi blackish at end, yellowish at base,
curved upwards; proboscis black, reddish above at base, long and
thin, reaching nearly the hind border of the third abdominal segment.
Thorax short and convex, nearly bare, with very short pubescence in
front; on the back it is reddish, with a silky sheen; the middle
stripe is broad, black with reddish-brown sheen, complete in front
but abbreviated behind; the sides of this stripe are shiny white ;
above the notopleural line there is a broad reddish-brown stripe on
each side, interrupted at the suture. Humeral calli prominent,
reddish-sericeous, with a brown stripe below. Pleurae quite bare,
dark reddish, with sericeous sheen. Scutellum small, semicircular,
flat above, quite bare, reddish, with a broad blackish middle stripe
which does not reach the hind border. Mesophragma convex,
reddish, shiny below, clothed with greyish dust on the upper half.
Halteres with yellowish stalk and blackish knob, long and thick ;
calypters very small, yellowish, bare at border. Abdomen very

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum, 301

elongate, about four times as long as the thorax ; it is nearly parallel-
sided, being only a little narrowed towards the base, and rather flat ;
there are eight visible segments, the first and the last shorter, all the
others being of about the same length; each segment has a semi-
circular area at base with two rows of deep puncti; it is quite bare,
even at base, with a very short, thin, white pubescence at sides near
the end; entirely reddish, with no distinct dark markings, and
entirely clothed with dense silvery dust; venter entirely reddish,
unspotted, but without silvery dust. Male genitalia erect, reddish,
with short whitish pubescence. Legs of the two anterior pairs thin
and short, entirely yellowish, unspotted, with the tarsi blackened at
end; legs of hind pair much longer and thicker, reddish, with the
femora, tibiae, and tarsi fuscous at end, the praetarsi distinctly
swollen and as long as the other joints taken together; pubescence
very ‘short; the two terminal spurs of the four posterior tibiae are
long, strong, and yellowish ; claws black, with narrow reddish base.
Wings shorter than the body, rather narrow, cuneate at base, without
prominent alula; at the extreme base of the wing, at the root of the
linear alula, there is a prominent tooth. First vein ending beyond the
middle of the wing; praefurca long; second vein broadly rounded at
end; cubital fork proportionally short and broad, with the upper
branch rather S-shaped but less oblique, ending at a short distance from
the wing-tip ; discal cross-vein before the middle of the discoidal cell ;
first posterior cell broadly open at end; third posterior cell at end as
broad as the two preceding cells together ; fourth posterior cell and
anal cell narrowly open. Axillary lobe long and narrow. Costa
becoming thinner after the tip of the wing, but the ambient vein
complete. The wings are greyish hyaline, iridescent. There are
fuscous spots on the praefurca, below the stigma, forming a dark
band in the narrowed median part of the marginal cell; the last
portion of the second vein, after the bend, is edged with fuscous. The
veins are yellowish at base and darkened in the distal part.

2. Lampromyia appendiculata, sp. nov.

Closely allied to the preceding, and possibly only a variety of it,
but distinct in some important peculiarities of wing-venation.

Type 3, from Ceres Div., Matroosberg, 4500 ft., November 1914
(R. M. Lightfoot).

3. Length of body, 14 mm.; of wing, 9-5 mm.; of proboscis, 6-5
mm. Head and its appendages as in the preceding, but the antennae

302 Annals of the South African Museum.

and the palpi entirely yellowish ; the ground colour of the face below
the white dust is distinctly reddish ; the proboscis is a little longer.
Thorax and scutellum as in the preceding species, but there are no
dark lateral stripes above the notopleural line, only a narrow, reddish-
brown post-sutural stripe being present above the root of the wings.
Pleurae of a lighter reddish colour. Calypters and halteres as in the
preceding. Abdomen as in the preceding species, but more distinctly
narrowed towards the base; venter with a dark stripe in the middle
towards the end; male genitalia shorter, the upper lamella being
truncate at end. Legs as in the preceding species, but distinctly
lighter, even those of the hind pair being more yellowish than reddish.
Wing-pattern also as in the preceding species, but even the upper
branch of the cubital fork is edged with fuscous. Origin of the
second vein much nearer the discal cross-vein which is placed much
before the middle of the discoidal cell; terminal part of the second
vein bent at a right angle, and there strongly stumpy ; upper branch
of the cubital fork S-shaped and placed about perpendicularly, ending
much before the wing-tip ; first posterior cell as broadly open as the
second ; fourth posterior cell with a long stalk. All the veins of the
terminal part of the wing are distinctly thicker and blacker than in
the preceding species.

3. Lampromyia argentata, Bigot.
Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6), v, Bull., p. 68 (1885).

Possibly only a form of L. sericea, distinguished by the paler colora-
tion and by some particularities of wing-venation.

I have seen Bigot’s type, a male specimen from Hex River, 10th
January 1883. Head as in L. sericea, but the occiput and the frons
more densely white dusted; antennae with the third joint quite
reddish ; palpi of a paler reddish colour. The thorax is much paler,
with the broad middle stripe very light reddish brown. Abdomen
and legs as in L. serscea, but distinctly paler; the male genitalia are
apparently the same. Wings equal in shape and nervation, but
distinctly more yellowish and with paler veins; second longitudinal
vein similarly shaped; upper branch of cubital fork straighter and
placed more horizontally, thus ending nearer to the wing-tip; first
posterior cell narrower ; fourth posterior cell closed or even shortly
stalked ; anal cell more narrowly open. 7

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 303

4. Lampromyva brevirostris, sp. nov.

Very distinct from all the preceding forms on account of its short
and strong proboscis, of the long spur on the front tibiae (agreeing in
this character with the Mediterranean typical species), and of the
very different abdomen, which is moreover quite devoid of silvery
dust.

Type 3, from Zululand (M’fongosi), March 1917 (W. E. Jones) ;
the 2 type is without precise locality, but bears the following label:
“bred by Rev. N. Abraham from a larva kept for 2 years in
eaptivity, April 1920”; an additional g¢ from Hast London, 25/12/1923
(H. K. Munro).

39. Length of body, 11-12 mm. ; of wing, 9-10 mm. ; of proboscis,
about 2mm. Occiput black, dark grey dusted, with pale hairs near
the eyes-border, longer and more abundant underneath. Eyes more
rounded than in the preceding species, their horizontal diameter
being about as long as the vertical one. Frons black, grey dusted,
broader in the male than the distance between the basal ocelli; twice
as broad in the female. Face pale yellowish, white dusted, clothed
with scarce, thin, whitish pubescence ; in the male it 1s less produced
than in the other species. Antennae distinctly longer than in the
preceding species, chiefly because the third joint is elongate, being
longer than the first joint and longer than the thickened terminal
style; they are yellowish, more or less infuscated, with the third joint
fuscous at end. Palpi blackish. Proboscis short and strong, only
a little longer than the vertical diameter of the head; it is black
below and at end, red above near the base. Thorax reddish, a little
shiny, with bronze tomentum; on the back there are three black
stripes, the middle one dilated behind the suture and prolonged across
the middle of the scutellum; the lateral ones are distinct only
behind the suture, being represented in front of the suture only by a
short, blacker stripe. Pleurae shiny reddish, with broad black spots
on meso-, ptero-, and sterno-pleura ; they are quite bare, while the back
of the mesonotum bears a short darkish pubescence. Scutellum
small, rounded, flat above, reddish with a black median stripe and
with short dark pubescence; mesophragma shining reddish, grey
dusted above, with blackish lateral spots in the female. Calypters
bare, very narrow, conical, dirty yellowish. Halteres with yellowish
stalk and black knob. Abdomen distinctly stalked in the male, the
second, third, and fourth segments being cylindrical and narrower
than the others, while in the female this is not the case. Both sexes

VOl- OM PART 2). 20

304 Annals of the South African Museum.

are entirely without silvery dust, and there are no punctate basal areas
of the segments, as in the Mediterranean species ; it is shiny reddish,
with black spots at the hind border of the segments and at the sides,
in the male the three last segments being entirely black above ; venter
reddish in both sexes ; pubescence short and blackish; male genitalia
black above and reddish below. Front coxae yellowish, unspotted ;
middle and hind coxae reddish and black spotted at end. The four
anterior legs are entirely pale yellowish, with only the last tarsal
joints black ; hind legs stronger and longer, with club-shaped femora
and tibiae, the femora yellowish, broadly black before the end, the
tibiae black, with narrowly whitish base; hind tarsi black; the
praetarsi with a whitish base; front tibiae with a strong and long
yellowish spur, like that of the Mediterranean species. Wings of

the usual shape, proportionately short and narrow; they are greyish
~ hyaline, iridescent, with irregular dark spots at the praefurca, at the
small cross-vein, in the middle of the marginal cell, and at the wing-
tip; some veins are moreover edged with fuscous. Second vein
regularly bent and not appendiculate (but in one specimen angular
and appendiculate) ; upper branch of cubital fork less sinuous, but
oblique and ending considerably before the wing-tip; small cross-
vein placed near the base of the discoidal cell; first posterior cell
broadening towards the end and there broader than the second,
fourth posterior cell narrowly open (9), or closed and stalked (2) ;
anal cell narrowly open or closed at the wing-border.

SuBFAMILY RHAGIONINAE.
Gen. AtricHoes, Verrall, 1909.

The species of the present genus are distinguished, in addition to
the characters given in the table, by the more elongate and more bare
body, and by the prevailing red colour of body, legs, and antennae.
Practically, the red antennae and red palpi are sufficient to separate
them from any South African species of Atherix or of Pachybates.
But in the Oriental Fauna there are species with black body, and
with black antennae and legs, showing, moreover, some scattered
hairs on the frons of the female. I have seen also a black, as yet un-
described, species from the Congo. This last species, like A. dis-
ciclara, Speiser, 1914, shows a deep longitudinal median furrow on
the fore part of the frons.

It is possible that the genus Suragina, Walker, 1860, is the same as
the present one ; and if so, its name must be used for the species now

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 305

included in Atrichops. They are, however, hardly separated from
Atherix.
The South African species known to me are as follows :—

1. (10) Back of mesonotum reddish, with or without a more or less broad black
stripe in the middle ; antennae entirely reddish.

2. (3) Back of mesonotum entirely reddish, without median stripe and without
presutural spots ; abdomen quite reddish, without black markings

agramma, var. NOV.

3. (2) Back of mesonotum with black stripe, or entirely black in the middle.

4. (9) Middle black stripe of mesonotum narrow, not extending beyond the
dorsocentral lines, which are never whitish striped; a blackish pre-
sutural spot on notopleural depression; eyes more oval and frons
longer.

5. (8) Pleurae entirely reddish, with a blackish spot at upper border of meso-
pleura ; face yellowish ; hind femora entirely yellowish.

6. (7) Abdomen entirely reddish, even on venter, with a narrow and short
black basal stripe 5 i monogramma, sp. Nov.

7. (6) Abdomen with black venter and orl Broader black markings above.

inaequalis, sp. nov.2

8. (5) Pleurae almost entirely black, being reddish only on the propleural region ;
face black; hind femora with a broad blackish ring in the middle

inaequalis, sp. NOV.g

9. (4) Middle black stripe broad, extending beyond the dorsocentral lines
which are marked by whitish narrow stripes ; no blackish presutural
spots ; face black; eyes distinctly more rounded and frons shorter.

bwittata, sp. nov.

10. (1) Back of mesonotum and pleurae entirely black, with a narrow reddish
notopleural stripe; face black; basal joints of antennae fuscous

above ; intermediate segments of the abdomen with complete black

basal bands . ‘ , ‘ : : ‘ binominata, Beq.

5. Atrichops monogramma, sp. nov.

An almost entirely reddish species, distinguished from all the
others on account of the peculiar coloration of the pleurae.

Type 9, a single specimen from M’fongosi, Zululand, December
1916 (W. E. Jones).

@. Length of body about 10 mm.; of wing, 9 mm. Occiput
entirely deep black, with white shining dust at the side and along the
middle of the eyes-border ; behind the vertex there are short yellowish
hairs, while cn the lower part the hairs are long and white. Frons
long and proportionately narrow for a female, the width being one-
third of that of one eye, gradually broadening a little forwards ; it
is deep black in the middle with a white sheen from the vertex to the
ocelli, and on the lower third above the antennae. Hyes broadly
oval, apparently unicolourous, with equally small areolets. Antennae

306 Annals of the South African Museum.

inserted much below the middle of the eyes; they are entirely
reddish, with a white sheen on the basal joints; the third joint is
reniform, its vertical diameter being as long as the two basal joints
together ; first and second joint with some black hairs above ; arista
thin, blackish. Face very short, measuring only one-third of the
length of the frons; it is shiny yellowish, faintly grey dusted in the
middle; the cheeks are white shiny and quite bare. Palpi long,
reddish, with some pale hairs; proboscis about as long as the head,
entirely reddish, with pale hairs below. Thorax entirely reddish,
with more yellowish humeri and paler pleurae; on the back it is rather
shiny, with a short black pubescence, longer and more bristly on the
notopleural depression ; the black middle stripe is entire and equally
narrow, not extending laterally beyond the dorsocentral lines, acute
at the beginning above the neck and a little dilated at the end in
front of the scutellum. The pleurae are opaque, with a broad, shiny *
white band across the sterno- and meso-pleura ; the upper part of this
band, on the upper part of the mesopleura, shows a blackish ground-
colour and is continued in a spot on the sides of the back, above the
notopleural line and in front of the suture; mesopleura with soft
white hairs; metapleura shining white with soft white hairs; meso-
phragma shining black in the middle. Scutellum reddish, shining,
with narrow black base, and with blackish hairs on disc and at border.
Squamulae pale yellowish, small, bare; halteres yellowish. Abdomen
entirely reddish, even on venter, with only a narrow black stripe in
the middle of the second and third segments ; the pubescence is pale
yellowish. Coxae and femora entirely yellowish, with a pale pubes-
cence; front and hind tibiae darkened with blackish pubescence ;
tarsi black, those of the front pair with tactile hairs below. Wings
proportionately long ; cubital fork very long; discoidal cell narrow,
with the small cross-vein on its basal third ; first, second, and third
posterior cell of about the same width at end, the fourth being distinctly
narrower; anal cell shortly stalked. The veins are blackish, with
yellowish base. The wing is yellowish hyaline, iridescent, with the
terminal half distinctly darker, the cells sometimes with paler centre ;
stigma dark yellowish ; a faint discoidal infuscation is present, but
not forming a definite discal band.

6. Atrichops monogramma var. agramma, nov.

Hixactly the same as the preceding species, but distinct by the
complete absence of any black marking on the back of the mesonotum
and on the abdomen.

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 307

Type 9, one specimen from Barberton, 5th October 1919 (H. K.
Munro). On the thorax there is no trace of median stripe and even
of presutural side-spots, the pleurae have the same white shining
vertical band, with a dark, not well-delimited spot on upper part of
the mesopleura. Abdomen without middle basal stripe and other
black markings. Legs the same, but with yellowish, less infuscated
hind tibiae; front tarsi with numerous tactile hairs below. Wings
similar, both in venation and colouring.

T. Atrichops inaequalis, sp. nov.

Perhaps only a variety of A. monogramma; but the male is very
different from both, and it is described here separately, being evidently
referable to one or to the other, more probably to the present species,
on account of its having been captured in the same locality and at the
same time.

Type 2 and type 3, a couple of specimens from Karkloof, Natal,
1915 (H. W. Bell-Marley).

®. Length of body, 10 mm.; of wing, 9 mm. Head and its
appendages exactly as described in A. monogramma ; the deep black
median band of the frons is broader, the fore half being shining white ;
the yellow face is densely clothed with white dust. Thorax, pleurae,
and scutellum exactly asin A. monogramma ; there is the same black-
ish, white-dusted spot on the upper part of the mesopleura, continued
above the notopleural line as a presutural spot. The abdomen
differs in having, besides the abbreviated basal black stripe, lateral
black spots on the second and third segment ; moreover, the two last
segments are broadly black at the sides; the venter is shining black,
with only the last segment reddish. Legs as in the preceding, but
with the tibiae much less infuscate, and with the praetarsi distinctly
pale at base. Wings as in preceding species, but with less infuscated

terminal half, and with no clear loop into the centre of the same
cells.

3. Length of body, 10-5mm.; of wing, 9 mm. Occiput entirely
white dusted, with a deep black stripe at upper eyes-border, and
with vertical black stripe from vertex to neck; hairs dark above,
longer and white below. Vertical triangle narrow, elongate, black,
grey before the ocelli, with some black hairs. Frontal triangle as
long as the middle distance between vertex and antennae, shining
white, quite bare. Eyes from a lateral view rather narrow, viewed
from the front broadly oval; they are in contact as long as one-third

308 Annals of the South African Museum.

of the distance between antennae and vertex, and have the anterior
middle areolets distinctly enlarged. Ground colour of face blackish,
but it is densely white dusted, like the cheeks, which are much
broader than in the female and likewise bare. Antennae, proboscis,
and palpi as described in the female. Back of mesonotum reddish,
rather shining, with long, erect, dark pubescence, and bristly hairs
at sides ; the median black stripe is as in the female, not overlapping
the dorsocentral lines and not edged with whitish stripes, or with
less distinct ones in the presutural part; the stripe is more linear,
beginning, without being attenuated, just above the neck and ending,
without being dilated, in front of the scutellum. The blackish, white-
dusted presutural spot is as in the female. The pleurae are different
in being completely blackish, white-dusted, only the propleura and
_ the pteropleura being reddish; mesophragma shining black in the
middle, yellowish on the sides. Scutellum shining reddish, narrowly
black at base, with long black hairs. Squamulae yellowish hyaline,
with yellow, bare margin; halteres yellowish. Abdomen shining
yellowish on the three basal segments, more reddish on the last four ;
first segment with black subquadrate spot in the middle ; second and
third segment with blackish spot in middle and with a deep black
stripe on each side; fourth to seventh segment with a darker black
middle spot and with deep black lateral stripes; hairs rather
long, whitish on the sides, dark in the middle; venter yellowish,
unspotted in the three basal segments, reddish with middle dark spots
on the others. Genitalia shining black above, reddish below, with
black hairs above and with yellowish ones below. All the coxae
yellowish, with pale hairs. Four anterior femora yellowish, with
whitish hairs; hind femora broadly black towards the middle and
there with dark hairs; front and middle tibiae darkened on terminal
half, those of the front pair more deeply so; hind tibiae long, thick,
almost entirely black and with black hairs; all the tarsi black, those
of the middle pair with paler base; hind praetarsi thick and longer
than the other joints taken together. Wings as described in the
female, but less infuscate on the terminal half; therefore the central
band below the stigma is more distinct, chiefly at the bases of the
discoidal and fourth posterior cells.

8. Atrichops bivittata, sp. nov.

Different from all the preceding species in the shape of the head, in
the broader middle stripe of the back of the mesonotum, and in the

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 309

absence of the dark presutural spot; it is, moreover, of distinctly
smaller size.

Type 9, a single specimen from Bulwer, Natal, September 1916
(Greene); one female from Marico, Transvaal, 1918, with more
yellowish face (H. K. Munro) ; moreover, in the Museum of Budapest
there is another female specimen from New Hannover, Natal, 1st
February 1913.

2. Length of body, 8-5 mm.; of wing, 8 mm. Occiput entirely
deep black, only dark grey dusted below at the sides; the hairs of
the upper part are dark yellowish brown, those of the lower part
are longer and whitish. Frons distinctly broader and shorter than in
the females of the preceding species; it is deep black on the basal
two-thirds and brownish red, white dusted on the apical third ;
there are a few short black hairs in the middle. HKyes more rounded,
with the vertical diameter about as long as the horizontal one. Face
shiny black, with faint white dust; side cheeks bare, white dusted,
twice as broad as in the females of the preceding species. Antennae,
palpi, and proboscis as in the preceding. Mesonotum reddish
yellow, but on the back it is black, opaque, the median stripe being
much dilated and extending beyond the dorsocentral lines, which are
marked with a narrow whitish stripe; moreover, the central part
of this broad black stripe is white dusted before the suture; the
hairs are blackish in the middle of the back, yellowish on the sides ;
there is no trace of the blackish presutural spot of the preceding
species. The pleurae are blackish, opaque, only the pro- and ptero-
pleura being yellowish; the dark parts are clothed with grey dust,
but the white shining vertical median band is wanting; the sparse
hairs are pale. Squamulae and halteres as in the preceding species.
Abdomen reddish, rather shining; the 3-4 basal segments with a
black triangular spot at base, the second and third segment, moreover,
with black lateral stripes; hairs pale yellowish at the sides, dark on
the back; venter entirely yellowish, unspotted, and with whitish
hairs. Legs with yellowish coxae and femora ; front tibiae and tarsi
black ; middle tibiae broadly yellowish and their praetarsi pale ;
hind tibiae yellowish at base, hind tarsi entirely black; front tarsi
elongate, with tactile hairs below. Wings as described in the preceding
species, but without terminal infuscation, even the median band
being very faintly indicated below the stigma and at the base of the
discoidal and fourth posterior cells.

310 Annals of the South African Museum.

9. Atrichops binominata, Bequaert.

Psyche, xxvili, 1921, p. 6 (Athertx)=longipes, Loew, Wien. Ent.
Monatschr., vu, 1863, p. 12 (Atherix), nec Bellardi, 1861.

Distinct from all the preceding species on account of the entirely
black thorax and of the different pattern of the abdomen; in the
form of head and in the smaller size it is more nearly allied to
A. bwittata than to any other.

Loew has described the male from Bloemfontein. I have seen one
female in the Museum of Budapest from New Hannover, Natal, 8th
February 1913.

®. Length of body, 8 mm.; of wing, 7-5 mm. Head and its
appendages as in the preceding ; occiput with whitish patches above
and at sides; the white dusted part of frons is one-third of the whole
length ; face black, with faint white dust ; cheeks rather broad, but
less than in bivittata; the second antennal joint blackish above, the
first only infuscated. Mesonotum entirely black, only the humeri
below, the notopleural suture, and a narrow stripe above the rest of
the wings being reddish ; middle part of back grey dusted before the
suture, but there are no distinct whitish dorsocentral stripes ; pleurae
whitish or grey dusted, but without vertical white shining band ;
hairs dark. Scutellum shining reddish, with black base ; hairs pale ;
halteres yellowish. Abdomen reddish; first and second segments
with a black median spot, the second, moreover, with black lateral
stripes; third, fourth, and fifth segments with broad black basal
bands; seventh segment with deep-black sides; venter yellowish,
unspotted ; the hairs are dark on the black parts and pale on the
reddish parts. Legs with yellowish coxae and femora ; front and hind
tibiae and all the tarsi black; middle tibiae dark yellowish; front
tarsi with tactile hairs below. Wings as in the preceding species,
distinctly but faintly infuscate on terminal half; the median dark
band is less distinct.

Gen. ATHERIX, Meigen, 1803.

In determining the species of the present genus one must take into
consideration the great difference between the sexes of the same
species. The South African species are not unlike the European ones :
the first resembles A. ibis; the second in the female likewise re-
sembles A. 2b1s, while in the male it is more like A. marginata; the
third resembles A. marginata in both sexes ; the fourth is an aberrant

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 311

form, which makes a passage to the following new genus. The third
species is noteworthy by the widely separated eyes of the male ;
the second by the male being much darker than the female, precisely
the contrary of what is to be seen in A. 2bis, in which the female is
darker than the male.

The species, which seem to be mostly mountain-dwellers, yon be
distinguished as follows :—

1. (6) Both branches of cubital fork of nearly equal length, ending symmetrically
at wing-tip ; discoidal cell sending three complete veinlets to hind margin
of wing; pterostigma blackish ; hind tibiae with well developed spurs ;
abdomen opaque.

2. (5) Wings with a rich design, consisting of fuscous and hyaline spots ; abdomen
with distinct yellow parts, at least on venter in the male ; legs in part or
entirely yellow ; eyes of male very close.

3. (4) Wings brown, with three irregular bands of whitish hyaline spots ; legs of
male yellow ; abdomen of male yellow, with basal black bands on all the
segments . : peringueyt, sp. Nov.

4. (3) Wings slightly intdenter in a shor cee median band surrounded by
irregular hyaline spots; legs and abdomen of male in greatest part
black ; legs and abdomen of female in greatest part yellow.

barnardi, sp. nov.

5. (2) Wings almost entirely hyaline, with a hardly distinct dark sub-stigmatical
band, which is not surrounded by hyaline spots ; abdomen in both sexes
entirely black, even on venter; legs black; eyes of male as broadly
distant as those of female . : ; androgynda, sp. Nov.

6. (1) Upper branch of cubital fork shorter eA the lower one and ending much
before the wing-tip; lower veinlet from the discoidal cell reduced to a
short stump ; pterostigma very faintly infuscate ; hind tibiae with small
spur; abdomen shining . : ; : . incompleta, sp. nov.

10. Atherix peringueyt, sp. nov.

An elegant species, the brightest coloured of all those here described,
recalling the Huropean A. 2bis, but with different wing and abdominal
pattern.

Type 4, a single specimen from Stellenbosch, November 1887,
collected by Dr. L. Peringuey, in whose honour this fine insect is
named.

3S. Length of body, 12-5 mm.; of wing, 12 mm.; of wing-spread,
26 mm. Occiput densely clothed with opaque grey dust, with short
darkish hairs above and with longer and abundant whitish ones
below. Frons black, with opaque blackish-grey dust, and with long
black erect hairs throughout the whole length; it is narrow, being
about in the narrowest part as broad as the distance between the two

312 Annals of the South African Museum.

basal ocelli, being a trifle broader at root of antennae. Hyes depressed,
narrow in lateral view, but nearly circular in front view; they are
bare, with equally small areolets. Antennae inserted very low and
broadly separated at base; they are short and small, entirely black,
with all the three joints of about the same length; the third joint is
rounded, with a basal arista; basal joints with black, bristly hairs
above. Face very short and broad, densely grey dusted, bare ;
side cheeks as broad as the antennae, grey, clothed with long darkish
hairs. Palpi and proboscis black, with long black hairs; the latter
is thick, about as long as the former or only a little longer. Back of
mesonotum black, opaque, clothed with long, erect, dark pubescence ;
on the sides, above the notopleural line, there is a broad grey stripe,
extending from the humeri to the sides of scutellum; if the disc is
striped or not, it is impossible to say, owing to the bad preservation
of the single type. Pleurae densely grey dusted, opaque, with paler
pubescence. Scutellum black, grey dusted on the disc, a little
shining, with long pale hairs. Squamulae whitish, with yellow border
which is pale haired; halteres with yellowish stalk and blackish
knob. Abdomen conical, broad at base; first segment deep black, with
reddish sides and a broad grey hind border ; second, third, and fourth
and fifth segments reddish yellow, with a broad deep-black basal
band, which has in the middle a black prolongation reaching nearly
to the hind border, which is grey dusted; the two last segments
are reddish, with a black middle spot; genitalia reddish; hairs
pale on reddish parts, black on dark parts; venter entirely yellowish
grey, with a whitish hind border to the sternites and with rather
long erect white hairs. Legs entirely yellowish, with infuscated last
tarsal joints ; coxae black, grey dusted; hairs long and pale; front
tarsi elongated, longer than their tibiae, with no distinct tactile
hairs. Wings with the same venation as in A. 7bzs, but with the cubital
fork longer, its base being about above the middle of the discoidal
cell. The wings are entirely brown, and there is no trace of the
yellowish spot of A. ibis at the end of submarginal cell, just beyond
the stigmatical spot ; the three oblique bands of whitish hyaline spots
are aS follows: the first goes from the base of the marginal cell
across the ends of second basal and anal cells to the base of the axillary
lobe, diluted at ending; the second goes from the middle of the
first submarginal cell across the base of the second submarginal,
base of first posterior, middle of discoidal, and base of fourth posterior
cell, to the middle of the fifth posterior cell; the third is the shortest
of all and consists of four spots, two before the end of second sub-

South African Rhagiomdae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 313

marginal and first posterior cells and two in the middle of the third
and fourth posterior cells, one in anal cell.

ll. Atheriz barnardt, sp. nov.

Distinct from the preceding by the much blacker male, and in both
sexes by the much more reduced wing-pattern ; the male recalls the
Kuropean A. marginata, while the female is very different.

Type 3, type 9, and some additional specimens from Oudebosch,
Caledon Div., 1500 ft., January 1919; another male from Zonder Ende
Peak, 3600 ft., Cape, January 1919, all collected by K. H. Barnard,
in whose honour the species is named.

Owing to the great differences, the sexes are described separately.

3. Length of body, 7 mm.; of wing, 5-5 mm.; the specimen
from Zonder Ende Peak measures 8 mm. in body and 6:5 in wing.
The appendages and vestiture of the head are as described in the
preceding species; but the eyes are distinctly more approximate,
their distance at the narrowest point being equal to one ocellus ;
the frons is deep black, with a grey middle stripe between the antennae,
prolonged on the middle of the frontal triangle. Thorax entirely
opaque black, with dark pubescence; on the back are two equal,
complete, narrow, whitish stripes along the dorsocentral lines ; pleurae
grey dusted, with sparse whitish hairs. Scutellum black, rather
shining, with a broad red hind border, which is less distinct on the
Zonder Ende Peak specimen; hairs erect, pale. Squamulae and
halteres as in preceding. Abdomen narrower at base, cylindro-
conical; clothed with long, erect, pale hairs. First segment grey,
with black base; second, third, fourth, and fifth segments black,
with a narrow, yellowish, grey-dusted hind border ; sixth and seventh
segments likewise, but less distinctly so; genitalia black. Venter
black, with broad yellowish hind borders of all the segments; hairs
whitish. Legs black, with the four anterior femora and tibiae more
or less distinctly yellowish, while the hind femora are yellowish at
both ends; front tarsi elongate, with more distinct tactile hairs.
Wings with nervation and pattern about the same as in A. marginata
(Verrall, British Fles, 1909, fig. 192, p. 290), but even in this case the
cubital fork is longer.

2 Length of body, 5:-5-6-5 mm.; of wing, 5-5-5 mm. Head and
its appendages as described in the male; the eyes are smaller, their
vertical diameter being longer than the horizontal one; the frons is
broad, about one-fourth of the head, with parallel sides, clothed on

314 Annals of the South African Museum.

its whole length with long, erect, black hairs; it is of a deep black
colour, with a broad grey stripe along the middle; ocellar spot black ;
vertex grey. Back of mesonotum blackish grey, with two broad
whitish stripes united together in front of the scutellum; humeri
yellowish ; a broad grey stripe above the notopleural suture. Pleurae
yellowish, whitish dusted, more or less broadly blackish above and
- below. Scutellum reddish, with a narrow black base. MHalteres
yellowish, with the knob black at end. Abdomen broad, parallel-
sided, flat, obtuse at end, with scattered and soft whitish hairs; it
is entirely reddish yellow, even on venter ; first segment with a small
black central spot; second, third, fourth, and fifth segments with
a broad, equal, black, basal band, which does not reach the sides,
these, however, with a narrow black stripe on their deflexed borders ;

sixth and seventh segments with a much less distinct pattern ; more-
over, the segments from the second to the fifth have each a broad,
white shining hind border. Legs with yellow coxae and femora,
front and hind tibiae black, middle tibiae yellowish; all the tarsi
black, those of the front pair with long tactile hairs below. Wings
as in the male, with well-developed pattern.

12. Atherix androgyna, sp. nov.

Allied to the preceding, but with less patterned wings, broadly
separated eyes in the male, and female much darker.

Type dg, a single specimen from Gt. Winterhoek, Tulbagh, 4500 ft.,
November 1916 (R. M. Lightfoot); type 9, and some additional
specimens of same sex from French Hoek, 2500-3600 ft., December
1916 (K. H. Barnard).

3. Length of body, 6 mm.; of wing, 5:55 mm. Head and its
appendages as described for the male of the preceding species, but
the eyes are about as widely separated as in the female of the preceding
species; the parallel-sided frons is as broad as one-quarter of head,
opaque black, with a narrow greyish median stripe on the anterior
half, visible only in some lights. Thorax, pleurae, and scutellum
entirely black; but the type being in bad condition it is impossible
to see if there is a pattern or not. Halteres black, with yellowish
stalk. Abdomen shaped as in the male of the preceding species,
entirely black, even on venter; second, third, fourth, and fifth
segments each with a rather broad whitish hind border; genitalia
entirely black and black haired; they are apparently shaped as in the
preceding species ; hairs of back and venter short and scarce, mostly
black, pale only at sides near the base. Coxae and legs entirely

South African Rhagtonidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 315

black, even those of the middle pair; anterior tarsi without distinct
tactile hairs below; hind tibiae with short spurs, only the internal
one being rather developed. Wing-nervation as in the preceding
species. The wing-pattern is very reduced, consisting only of a black,
elongate stigmatical spot, and below this of an uncertain dark median
band extended to the base of the discoidal and fourth posterior cell ;
there is also an elongate dark spot in the middle of the first basal
cell; but the usual whitish hyaline patches of the preceding species
are not distinguished, and therefore the middle dark band is less
striking.

2. Length of body, 5-5-6 mm.; of wing, 5-5-5 mm. Head and
its appendages as in the male, but the frons distinctly broader, being
as broad as the third of head, and thus distinctly broader than in
the female of A. barnardi; it is black, grey dusted, with a distinct
longitudinal median furrow, which is not present in the male. Thorax
black, with reddish-brown humeri and grey-dusted pleurae ; on the
back there are two less distinct, narrow, distant, greyish stripes ;
the sparse pubescence is blackish on the back, whitish on the pleurae ;
scutellum and halteres as in the male. Abdomen shaped as in the
female of A. barnardt, entirely opaque black, even on venter; all the
segments have a greyish hind border, which is broader on the inter-
mediate segments and is present even on venter; the hairs are very
short and scarce, even at the sides, where they are pale. Legs en-
tirely black, brownish in immature specimens; front tarsi with a
few tactile hairs below ; hind tibiae with small spurs, like those of the
male. Wings as described for the male, but with even a fainter
pattern, being sometimes hyaline with a dark stigmatical spot and
with a less distinct trace of the middle band.

13. Atheria incompleta, sp. nov.

Very different from all the other species here described on account
of its shining abdomen, of its very peculiar wing-venation, and of the
very minute spurs of the hind tibiae.

Type 9, a single badly preserved specimen from Paarl, Cape,
October 1919 (Rev. G. Hawke).

The position of this strange insect is doubtful. It cannot be
placed in Symphoromyra, notwithstanding the indistinct spurs of
hind tibiae, owing to the closed anal cell. The possibility is not
excluded that it may be the female of a species of the new genus
following, or even the unknown female of the type-species itself ;
but I refrain to accept this last opinion on account of the very different

316 Annals of the South African Museum.

form of the cubital fork, which is different from that of all the other
species here described.

2. Length of body, 5 mm.; of wing, 5-5 mm. Head and its
appendages as in the preceding female; the frons is of the same
width, as broad as one-third of head, has a longitudinal middle
furrow, and is opaque black, and seemingly pale dusted ; the palpi
are shorter and more obtuse than in the preceding. Thorax dis-
tinctly broader than in all the preceding species, being rather sub-
quadrate; it is entirely dull black on the back, with reddish-brown
humeral and postalar calli, and apparently without any pattern ;
the pubescence is long, soft, dense, erect, dark in colour, and almost
bristly on the notopleural depression before the suture; the pleurae
are dark grey dusted and clothed with long whitish hairs on meso-
and hypo-pleura. Scutellum broader than long, black, rather shiny,
clothed with hairs like those of back. MHalteres black, with yellowish
stalk. Abdomen broader than in all the preceding females, being
as broad as the thorax; it is shiny black, with a narrow, reddish-
brown hind border to the segments, but without any other distinct
pattern ; the hairs are long and soft, pale yellowish, chiefly at sides ;
venter entirely black. Legs short and thicker than in all the preced-
ing species ; they are partly broken off in the case of the type, but
the coxae are black, the hind and middle femora are black, with
dark reddish base; hind tibiae and hind tarsi black, the former
with hardly visible spurs. Wings distinctly longer and broader than
in all the preceding species; they are greyish hyaline and practically
unspotted, even the stigmatical spot being faintly indicated. The
venation is very peculiar, chiefly on account of the cubital fork,
which has the upper branch short and ending before the wing-tip,
while the lower branch is longer and ends precisely at the wing-tip
(in the other species both the branches are equal in length and end
symmetrically at both sides of wing-tip). The discoidal cell is acute
outwardly, both its superior veinlets issuing practically from the same
point and the third inferior veinlet being reduced to a very short
stump; there are therefore only four posterior cells, the second of
which is of triangular shape. Anal cell regularly closed and provided
with a short stalk.

PACHYBATES, gen. nov.

The present new genus shows all the characters of Atheriz s. str.,
with the following differences: 1. The body is shorter, broader, and
more densely hairy; 2. the wings are long and broad, longer than

South African Rhagionsdae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 317

the body, and quite unspotted; 3. the eyes of the male are widely
separated; 4. the abdomen of the male is short, with only five
visible segments; 5. the genitalia of the male are of greater size and
very differently shaped, being, moreover, pendulous instead of erect ;
6. the legs are very thickened, all the femora and the hind coxae
being greatly swollen in the male, in which the praetarsi of the hind
pair bears moreover a strong terminal, spur-like expansion; 7. the
spurs of hind tibiae are very small. Some of these characters are
strictly sexual, but the general appearance of the fly is very
peculiar. The wing-venation is exactly as in Atheriz, the cubital
fork being equally branched, both branches ending symmetrically
with the wing-tip.
Type, Atherix braunsi, Bequaert, 1921.

14. Pachybates braunsi, Bequaert.
Psyche, xxviii, 1921, p. 1, fig. (Atheriz.)

A very characteristic fly, looking not unlike some species of Scato-
phaga or of Brachyopa, with orange and softly haired abdomen, and
with whitish halteres.

I have seen a male specimen of the typical series, caught at Stellen-
bosch (1st November 1915) by Dr. H. Brauns, and sent me by this
collector. JI have nothing to add to the excellent and long description
of Dr. J. Bequaert. All the coxae are distinctly swollen, chiefly those
of the hind pair; the spurs of the hind tibiae are much smaller than in
all the other species, excepting A. incompleta.

The female is not yet described, but is recorded by Dr. Brauns as
a much darker insect, agreeing in this with the above described
A. wncompleta. |

Gen. ATHERIMORPHA, White.

Proc. R. Soc. of Tasmania, 1914, p. 41.

I place here provisionally in this Australian genus an interesting
fly which agrees with it in the main characters, but shows some
peculiarities. The possibility is not excluded that this fly may be
a blood-sucking one, like some species of Symphoromyia or of Spani-
opsis, which have, however, the hind tibiae with only one spur or
without any distinct spurs at all. The generic characters of the South
African species are as follows: Hyes widely separated in both the
sexes, not bisected. Face broad and short, flat, not socketed.
Antennae inserted very low, with the third joint gradually drawn out
into a terminal, long, and thick style, which is longer in the male than in

318 Annals of the South African Museum.

the female. Proboscis rather projecting, strong, as long as the palpi.
Back of mesonotum and scutellum beset with long, erect, bristle-like
hairs which at sides before the sutures are almost like true bristles ;
pleurae nearly bare, with a few thin hairs on metapleura. Abdomen
long, narrowly cylindrical, thiny pilose. Legs with rather thickened
femora in the male; tibiae beset with distinct spicules, the anterior
ones without spurs, while those of the two last pairs have two very
robust ones ; front tarsi devoid of tactile hairs below. Wings broad,
with rounded alula; second vein long, longer than the elongated
cubital fork; discoidal cell short, equal to the second and third
posterior cells, with three complete veinlets issuing from its external
border ; five posterior cells, all broadly open outwardly, the fifth
being at base not in contact with the discoidal cell; anal cell closed
at wing-border, or narrowly open.

15. Atherimorpha albipennis, sp. nov.

A black, densely grey-dusted fly, with conspicuously white-haired
abdomen and white wings.

Type 3 and 9, a single couple of specimens from Hottentots Holland
Mts., 4000 ft., Caledon, Cape, 1916 (K. H. Barnard). I am not sure
about the sexes, but I have considered as the male the specimen with
longer antennae and with closed anal cell.

39. Length of body and wings, 5-6-5 mm. Head entirely black ;
occiput densely covered with light grey dust, deeply concave in the
middle and beset at sides with long, black, bristle-like hairs disposed
in two to three irregular rows; near the eyes and below there are white
hairs. Frons of about the same breadth in both sexes, only a little
longer than broad ; it is clothed with dense, dark grey dust and with
scattered, erect, bristly, black hairs; ocellar tubercle of great size,
rounded, prominent, with erect black hairs; above each antenna
there is a prominent transverse keel. Face bare, grey dusted in the
middle, whitish on the sides and on the broad but not prominent
peristomialia. Head in front view much broader than high; eyes
rounded, bare, with equally small areolets. Antennae inserted below
the middle of the eyes, entirely black; the two basal joints are
globular, with some black hairs above; third joint pyriform, about
as long as the two first jomts taken together, and with a thick
style, which in the male is distinctly longer than the whole antenna,
while in the female it is shorter than the antenna. Palpi and pro-
boscis black, clothed with mostly black hairs, with several whitish
ones intermingled. Thorax black, densely clothed with light grey

South African Rhagiondae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 319

dust; on the back there are three dark stripes, that of the middle
narrower than the others; the pleurae are lighter grey dusted, with
several, irregular, darker spots. The hairs of the back are long,
erect, black, bristle-like; they are disposed in one row, both the
acrostical and the dorsocentral and the lighter lines between them
being quite bare; beyond the dorsocentral lines the sides of the back
are clothed with bristly hairs, with several true bristles above the
notopleural line, before the suture; the pleurae are bare, with only
a few thin hairs on the metapleura. Scutellum like the back of
mesonotum, with erect, bristly hairs at hind border. Squamulae
white and white-fringed ; halteres very long, whitish, with a partly
darkened knob. Abdomen elongate, cylindro-conical, with seven
visible segments in the male and eight in the female; it is black,
densely clothed with a light grey dust above and with a darker
grey dust on venter; it is equally clothed with thin, dense, white
hairs. Male genitalia small, with a grey lamella below and with
reddish appendages above. Legs with black, grey-dusted coxae,
dark reddish femora and tibiae, and the tarsi darkened towards the
end; all the femora are distinctly thickened in the male; the tibiae
have distinct dark spicules, disposed in three regular rows; the
femora have very sparse shiny pale hairs; the last joints of the front
tarsi are rather thick ; the pulvilli and the broad, pad-like empodium
are dirty yellowish. Wings very broad, rounded outwardly, entirely
whitish, with black costa and dark veins which are yellowish at base ;
stigmatical spot elongate, not much infuscate, occupying the middle
of the marginal cell, between the end of the praefurca and the end of
the first longitudinal vein. Second vein long, a little wavy ; cubital
fork long and narrow, longer than its stalk; small cross-vein near
the base of the short and small discoidal cell; second posterior cell
broad at base; ambient vein complete; axillary lobe rounded like
the alula, the former being three times as long as the latter.

SuBFAMILY CHRYSOPILINAE.
Gen. CHRYSOPILUS, Macquart, 1826.

Dr. Speiser has given in 1914 (Deutsch. Entom. Zeitschr., p. 5) a
key to the three known Ethiopian species of the present genus. From
South Africa I have seen the following two :—

1. (2) Back of mesonotum yellowish ; pterostigma rounded; second posterior
cell with a long and acute base . : testaceus, Loew.
2. (1) Back of mesonotum blackish; pterostigma elongate; base of second
posterior cell short . : : : : 3 tuckert, sp. nov.

VOL. AXIII, PART 2. 21

320 Annals of the South African Museum.

16. Chrysopilus testaceus, Loew, 1858.

Distinct by its much lighter coloration, and by the peculiar wings.

Originally described from Cafiraria, but never found subsequently.
I have seen specimens of both sexes from Barberton, Transvaal,
April (H. K. Munro).

To the original description may be added: pterostigma rounded,
being only a little longer than broad ; it is sharply marked, ending
before the end of the marginal cell, which has therefore a hyaline
spot at end, and beginning abruptly inwardly. The second posterior
cell is very acute at base, its inner point being only a little shorter
than the length of the terminal cross-vein of the discoidal cell.

17. Chrysopilus tuckert, sp. nov.

Closely allied to the preceding and perhaps only a dark form of it,
but distinct by its greater size and by the different wings.

Type 3, and an additional specimen of the same sex from Humans-
dorp, Coldstream, February 1921 (R. Tucker) ; named in honour of
the collector.

3. Length of body, 8 mm.; of wing, 7-5 mm. Eyes as in the
preceding species, sharply bisected, and in contact in a line which is
not longer than the prominent ocellar tubercle. Occiput entirely
black, dark grey dusted, like the narrow and elongate frontal triangle ;
ocellar tubercle black and bare. Side cheeks black, grey dusted,
bare; facial socket dark yellowish. Antennae with the two basal
joints yellowish, the third and the arista blackish. Palpi yellowish,
with white hairs; proboscis yellow, with pale yellowish flaps. The
hairs of the lower part of head are whitish. Back of mesonotum
blackish, with yellowish humeral and postalar calli; and with yellow-
ish notopleural line; it seems that there is no trace of the golden
tomentum found in the preceding species; pleurae yellowish grey,
with darker parts; there are no hairs; scutellum yellowish, denuded
in the specimens before me. Squamulae hyaline, with darker border ;
halteres pale yellowish, with darkened knob. Abdomen blackish,
with yellowish basal segment and with a yellowish band at the hind
border of the segments from the second to the fifth ; last segments
and genitalia quite black. All the hairs whitish; venter entirely
yellowish. Coxae and legs pale yellowish, the tarsi darkened at end.
Wings iridescent, hyaline, with a faint darkish tint ; stigmatical spot
brown, elongate, fillmg up the whole end of the marginal cell, which
lacks the conspicuous hyaline terminal spot of the preceding ; more-

South African Rhagiondae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 321

over, there is inwardly a yellowish shade extending to the middle of
the marginal cell. Veins blackish. Venation as in the preceding,
with the difference that the acute base of the second posterior cell is
shorter, being shorter than one-half of the terminal cross-vein of the
discoidal cell; this last cell is therefore narrower and more regularly
rectangular than in the preceding species; the basal cross-vein of
the second posterior cell is less than one-half the length of the terminal
cross-vein of the discoidal cell, while in C. testaceus these two cross-
veins are of about the same length.

SuBFAMILY ARTHROTELINAEH, nov.

This new subfamily is very like the Nearctic Arthroceratinae, showing
also an antennal flagellum consisting of eight distinct joints, and
the front tibiae without spurs, but it is distinguished by the elongate
proboscis, a very rare character among the Rhagionidae. The
bisected eyes of the male are as in the Chrysopilinae, from which the
new subfamily is distinguished also by having two spurs on the
hind tibiae.

ARTHROTELES, gen. nov.

This new genus is very like a Symphoromyia or a Chrysopilus in
general appearance, but is at once distinguished by the annulated
flagellum of the antennae. The form of the face is as in the North
American genus Arthroceras, Williston, or in the related genus
Misgomyia, Coquillett, 1908, but the long proboscis is very peculiar.
In the Australian genus Atherwmorpha, White, according to Mr.
andy (rap ands iroc. lev.) soc. ok, Vasmania, “1919, p.) 120,
pl. xxvu, fig. 2), the antennal style shows some annulations at the
base; but this is not the case with the South African species
A. albipennis, which I have described above.

Head in front view broader than high, with the occiput concave
in the middle and rather prominent at the sides. Ocellar tubercle
prominent, with three ocelli of rather large size. yes bare, in the
male meeting in a long line, bisected, the smaller areolets being
limited to the lower third. Frontal triangle very small, much smaller
than the ocellar tubercle and rather depressed. Face transverse,
much broader than high ; it is divided into three parts by two deep,
diverging furrows running from the base of antennae to the oral
margin ; the middle part is socketed and bare; the side cheeks are
also bare, but have very long hairs below. The antennae are inserted
below the middle of the eyes and are longer than the antero-posterior

322 Annals of the South African Museum.

diameter of head, being carried horizontally ; they resemble very
much those of Arthroceras (see Williston, Man. N.A. Dipt., third edit.,
p. 161, fig. 19); the two basal joints are of about the same length,
the second, however, being more swollen and globular, and both are
clothed with rather long hairs; the third joint is smaller but longer
than the second, and bears a seven-annulated style, thus resulting
in a flagellum of eight quite distinct joints, which, as a whole, is about
four times longer than the two basal joints together ; the last sezment
of the flagellum is longer than any other and is about as long as the
first (or true third antennal joint). Proboscis slender and acute,
directed obliquely forwards, as long as head and thorax together :
palpi long and verv hairy, with the last joint greatly swollen and
curved ; they are about as long as the antennae, and much shorter
than the proboscis. Thorax rounded, with the back of the meso-
notum convex, clothed with long hairs, but without bristles or bristly
hairs; pleurae almost bare. Scutellum with long hairs, but without
bristly ones. Abdomen conical, with seven visible segments, the
first and the second terminal segments being much shorter than each
of the others; male genitalia erect. Legs normal; tibiae with three
rows of less-developed spicules; front tibiae without spurs; middle
and hind tibiae each with two strong spurs; empodium pulvilliform,
as broad as the pulvili. Wings with about the same venation as in
Arthroceras (see Williston, Manual, p. 161, fig. 18). There are five
posterior cells, all broadly open, the first, second, third, and fourth
of about the same breadth at end, the fifth much broader, being about
as broad as the third and the fourth together. Cubital fork narrow
and long, longer than its own stalk ; its lower branch ends below the
wing-tip. Small cross-vein placed very near the base of the discoidal
cell, which is parallel-sided, acute at base, and obtuse at end; anal
cell closed at wing-border; axillary lobe broad, of nearly triangular
shape; alula rounded and fringed with long hairs, like the axillary lobe.
Type, the following new species.

18. Arthroteles bombyluformis, sp. nov.

An elongate, dark fly, looking very much like some species of
Bombylidae, but at once distinguished by the annulated flagellum
of antennae, by the three broad, pad-like pulvilli, and by the five
posterior cells of wings.

Type 3, and an additional specimen of the same sex from the
Cedarbergen, Clanwilliam Div., 4000-5000 ft., September 1923
(K. H. Barnard).

South African Rhagionidae (Diptera) in the South African Museum. 323

3. Length of body, 5-5-6 mm.; of wing, 4-8-5 mm. ; of proboscis,
about 2 mm. Head entirely black, with dark grey dust on the
occiput and with lighter grey dust on the face. The hairs of the
occipital fringe and those of the ocellar tubercle are long and black ;
the hairs of the underside of head are very long, dense, soft, and
white. Antennae quite black, with black hairs on the basal joints.
Palpi and proboscis black, the former with long black hairs, which are
particularly long and dense on the swollen terminal joint, forming
dense tufts inferiorly. Thorax opaque black, clothed with dark grey
dust ; in the middle of back there are three black stripes, the middle
one distinctly narrower, and all ending before reaching the scutellum ;
the hairs of the back are very long and black, like those of scutellum ;
pleurae with a few scattered black hairs, and with a fan-like row of
white hairs on metapleura. Halteres black, with pale yellowish
stalk; squamulae whitish, with whitish hairs. Scutellum and
mesophragma black, dark grey dusted. Abdomen entirely opaque
black, with dark grey dust which is lighter on venter and along the
hind border of the middle segments; it is clothed with rather long
white hairs ; genitalia black, pale hairy. Legs entirely black, opaque ;
coxae and femora with long whitish hairs ; spurs and spicules blackish ;
the three pulvilli whitish. Wings greyish hyaline, a little darker
along the fore border towards the base ; stigmatical spot narrow and
long, brownish, extending from the base of the praefurca to the end
of the submarginal cell. Veins black and rather thick, only the
extreme base a little yellowish.

Systematic Arrangement of the Genera and Species.

V ERMILEONINAE. barnardi, Bez.
Lampromyia, Macq. androgyna, Bez.
sericea, Westw. incompleta, Bez.
appendiculata, Bez. Pachybates, Bez.
argentata, Big. braunsi, Beq.
brevirostris, Bez. Atherimorpha, White.
albipennis, Bez.
RHAGIONINAE.
Atrichops, Verr. CHRYSOPILINAE.
monogramma, Bez. Chrysopilus, Macq.
os var. agramma, Bez. testaceus, Loew.
inaequalis, Bez. tuckeri, Bez.
bivittata, Bez.
binominata, Beq. ARTHROTELINAE,
Atheriz, Meig. Arthroteles, Bez.

peringueyi, Bez. | bombyliiformis, Bez.

(Se)
bo
TG

A

agramma (Atrichops), Bez.

albipennis (Atherimorpha), Bez.

androgyna (Atherix), Bez. .
Apogon, Perr.

appendiculata (Lampromyia), Bez. :

argentata (Lampromyia), Big.
Arthroteles, Bez. 2 :
ARTHROTELINAE ;
Atherimorpha, White
Atherix, Meig.

Atrichops, Verr.

B
barnardi (Atherix), Bez.

binominata (Atheriz, Atrichops),

IBequ |. :
bivittata (Atrichops), Bey, -

bombyliiformis (Arthroteles), Bez.

braunsi (Pachybates), Beq. .

brevirostris (Lampromyia), ‘Bez. .

C
CHRYSOPILINAE
Chrysopilus, Macq.
Coenomyinae

cricosphaerota (Chrysopilus), Speis.

cylindrica (Lampromyia)

D
disciclara (Atherix), Speis. .

F
fulvidus (Chrysopilus), Big.

H
Hilarimorphinae

I

ibis (Atherix), F.
inaequalis (Atrichops), Bez.
incompleta (Atherix), Bez. .

Annals of the South African Museum.

PAGE L
306 | Lampromyia, Macq. .
318 | Leptidae . 4
314 | Leptis, F. .
298 Leptynoma, Westw. .
301 | longipes (Atherix), Loew.
302
321
321 th
317 | marginata (Atherix), F.
310 | monogramma (Atrichops), Bez.
304
P
313 Pachybates, Bez. ‘ :
: pallida (Lampromyia), Macq.
310 peringueyi (Atherix), Bez. .
308
322 R
317 | Rhagio, F.
303 | RHAGIONIDAE
RHAGIONINAE
319
319 i .
297 | sericea (Lampromyia), Westw.
297 | Sericeum (Leptynoma), Westw.
299 | Spaniopsis, White
Suragina, Walk.
Symphoromyia, Frauenf.
297
T
testaceus (Chrysopilus), Loew.
297 | tuckeri (Chrysopilus), Bez. .
Vv
297 Vermileo, Macq.
VERMILEONINAE
310
307 x
315

X ylophaginae

PAGE
298
297
297
298
310

310
304

316
299
311

298
297
304

299
299
317
304
317

320
320

298
298

BOT

( 325 )

4. New South African Micro-Lepidoptera.
By EK. Meyrick, B.A., F.R.S.

As in my preceding papers of this series, the material studied was”
received through the kindness of the Director of the South African
Museum, in which the types are preserved.

PTEROPHORIDAE.

Gen. TRICHOPTILUS Wals.

Trichoptilus negotiosus, n. sp.

36 17 mm. Head ochreous-fuscous. Palpi white, a strong black
lateral line. Thorax greyish-ochreous; shoulders narrowly fuscous,
some white suffusion posteriorly. Abdomen greyish-ochreous, longi-
tudinally streaked white and black. Forewings brownish-ochreous
suffusedly speckled grey, some whitish sprinkling in disc towards
base ; costal edge dark fuscous from base to 2, a black dot beneath
costa near base, a larger blackish dot towards dorsum at+, one in
disc at 4, and a smaller one on base of cleft ; an indistinct bar of white
irroration on both segments at 4 of length, and one more distinct and
on first segment well defined at 2; between these a costal patch of dark
fuscous suffusion, a suffused white dash towards apex of both segments,
strongest on first; cilia grey, on costa white bars at 4 and 2 of first
segment and blackish basal suffusion between these, a white spot before
apex, on lower margin of first segment one or two slender whitish bars
towards apex, two or three black scales between these, a few scattered
whitish and blackish scales anteriorly, on upper margin of second
segment scattered black hair-scales from 4 to near apex, and some
white scales near base, at apex a blackish bar between two whitish,
on dorsum a white tornal bar preceded by a small blackish scale-tooth,
and slighter white bars at 4 and 2 of segment, latter followed by some
black scales. Hindwings dark grey ; cilia grey, third segment wholly
without scale-tooth.

Care PRovince.—Witte R., Wellington, 1500 feet, in November
(K. H. Barnard) ; one specimen.

OS
bo
or)

Annals of the South African Museum.

TORTRICIDAR.
Gen. CNEPHASIA Curt.

Cnephasia chlorocrossa, n. sp.

213mm. Head and thorax dark grey speckled whitish. Palpi 4,
ochreous-yellowish, irrorated dark fuscous towards upper and lower
edges, base and tip whitish. Abdomen grey. TForewings rather
dilated posteriorly, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen faintly
sinuate, oblique; grey, markings blackish-grey irregularly mixed
with ferruginous; small whitish-ochreous spots in middle of base
and on dorsum near base; edge of basal patch well defined, nearly
vertical, obtusely angulated above middle; space beyond this some-
what mixed and suffused with whitish-ochreous, especially towards
costa, with a small dark costal spot; central fascia moderate, little
oblique, irregular-edged, with strong posterior triangular projection
above middle ; four spots on costa posteriorly separated by whitish-
ochreous suffusion, last three connected with an irregular blotch
resting on middle of termen; an erect streak from tornus reaching
half across wing: cilia ochreous-whitish, above apex and below tornus
grey, a grey postmedian shade more or less partially expressed. Hind-
wings dark grey ; cilia grey.

Cape Province.—Montagu and Oudebosch, October, December
(K. H. Barnard); three specimens.

Cnephasia catastrepta, n. sp.

$15 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white irrorated grey, palpi 14.
Antennal ciliations 1. Forewings somewhat dilated, costa slightly
arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, oblique; whitish
irregularly irrorated grey forming an obscure strigulation; a few
scattered black scales in disc; a blotch of grey suffusion on base of
costa ; moderate subquadrate spots of grey suffusion on costa at 4
and dorsum before middle; central fascia represented by a blotch
of grey suffusion on middle of costa and one on dorsum rather beyond
it, latter edged anteriorly by a vertical line of black scales, costal
patch forming a suffused grey spot at 2; an irregular spot of grey
suffusion towards termen above middle, edged with a few black scales ;
cilia whitish sprinkled with grey. Hindwings light grey; cilia
whitish.

Cape Province.—Capetown (Penfold) ; one specimen.

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 327

EUCOSMIDAE.
ACHARNEODES, DN. g.

Palpi moderate, subascending ; second joint expanded with dense
scales towards apex; terminal joint minute. Thorax without crest.
Forewings in ¢ with or without costal fold; 3-5 not approximated
towards termen, 7 separate, to termen. Hindwings in g with more
or less developed subdorsal hair-pencil in groove or dorsal fold ; 3 and
4 connate, 5 closely approximated at base, 6 and 7 closely approxi-
mated towards base.

Type helota Meyr. from India and Ceylon. Referable here also are
querula Meyr. from South Africa, and several Indian species.

Acharneodes atrinodis, n. sp.

3 19-25 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax brown. Forewings
elongate, dilated, costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse,
termen slightly rounded, somewhat oblique; brown, posteriorly
suffusedly mottled with grey; costa dark fuscous with pairs of
whitish strigulae, sometimes a few scattered blackish dots or strigulae ;
a more or less developed inverted-triangular blackish blotch beneath
middle of disc ; an obscure pale or whitish dot on end of cell, edged
anteriorly by a more or less developed blackish spot ; cilia brownish,
sometimes obscurely barred grey, with a grey sub-basal line. Hind-
wings rather dark grey ; cilia grey, a darker sub-basal line.

Care PRovINCE.—Capetown (Penfold) ; two specimens.

Gen. LaspEyresta Hiibn.
Laspeyresia whthyura, n. sp.

$2 12-14 mm. Head ochreous-whitish or whitish-grey-ochreous.
Palpi whitish. Thorax dark grey irrorated whitish. Abdomen in
3 with valvae very broadly rounded; externally to these a similarly
rounded but shorter flat dense dark fuscous scale-tuft. Forewings
with termen slightly sinuate, little oblique; dark grey densely
irrorated whitish, tinged ochreous towards apex, more suffused
whitish in disc; costa with paired strigulae of whitish irroration
separated by dark fuscous marks, from these at middle and 2 very
oblique leaden strigae to above ocellus; ocellus margined laterally
with leaden-metallic streaks, enclosing three short black marks

328 Annals of the South African Museum.

touching posterior one; cilia dark grey irrorated whitish. Huind-
wings grey ; cilia light grey, a darker sub-basal shade.

S.W. Arrica.—Otjimbombe, Kunene R., and Namutoni, in
February and March (K. H. Barnard); three specimens. Very
similar to modica, but 3 easily recognised by the peculiar genitalia.

GELECHIADAE.
Gen. PycnostToLa Meyr.

Pycnostola pachyacma, n. sp.

@ 20 mm. Head whitish, centre of crown greyish. Palpi white,
irrorated dark fuscous except apex of joints; tuft of second joint short,
terminal joint shorter than second, much thickened with scales to
apex, hardly pointed. Thorax white irrorated dark grey. Abdomen
whitish. Forewings narrow-lanceolate, apex considerably produced,
acute ; white, irregularly irrorated dark grey ; a ferruginous-ochreous
spot at base of dorsum; an oblique bar of dark grey suffusion from
base of costa to fold, spotted with ferruginous-ochreous on extremities ;
an oval spot of dark grey irroration suffused with ferruginous-ochreous
towards costa at 4; stigmata forming dark grey spots suffused with
larger ferruginous-ochreous spots, plical obliquely before first discal ;
dorsal edge shortly ferruginous-ochreous before tornus; a streak of
ferruginous-ochreous suffusion along lower 3 of termen ; cilia ochreous-
whitish, with two faint greyish shades. Hindwings grey-whitish ;
cilia ochreous-whitish.

Care Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard) ; one speci-
men. The thickened terminal joint of palpi is quite peculiar, but in
all other respects the species is quite normal in structure and appear-
ance, and does not need generic separation.

Gen. ARISTOTELIA Hiibn.

Avristotelia dryonota, un. sp.

$14mm. Head and thorax dark fuscous sprinkled whitish. Palpi
blackish ; second and terminal joints each with two rings of whitish
irroration. Forewings with apex pointed, termen extremely oblique,
6 separate; grey irrorated blackish, irregularly mixed blue-leaden ;
an irregular brownish-ochreous dorsal stripe from base to apex,
occupying about 4 of wing, posteriorly somewhat interrupted ; discal
stigmata rather large, black, edged laterally with a few white scales,

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 329

first preceded by a slender indistinct ochreous dash; plical less marked,
resting on edge of dorsal stripe very obliquely before first discal ;
cilia grey-whitish, with interrupted irregular black sub-basal and three
grey lines, a short white mark from base beneath apex, on costa rather
dark grey. Hindwings slaty-grey ; cilia pale greyish, on basal half
tinged whitish-yellowish.

Cape Province.—Zuur Vlakte, Wellington, 3000 feet, November
(K. H. Barnard); one specimen.

Gen. TELPpHUsSA Chamb.
Telphusa ochlerodes, n. sp.

2 15 mm. Head ochreous-whitish, crown irrorated dark grey
except on sides. Palpi ochreous-whitish, reddish-tinged, second and
terminal joints each with two bands of blackish-grey suffusion.
Thorax rosy-whitish irrorated grey, shoulders and two dorsal angu-
lated bars blackish-grey. Forewings rather narrow, apex pointed,
termen very obliquely rounded; grey, tips of scales whitish, with a
faint rosy tinge, more marked posteriorly ; small blackish spots on
base of costa and dorsum ; an oblique irregular blackish streak from
costa at ¢ to below fold; stigmata black, moderate, plical elongate,
hardly before first discal, a small spot obliquely above and before first
discal and one on costa above this, second discal forming an irregular
transverse mark; a blackish spot on costa above this and dark grey
suffused spot connecting it with dorsum; some scattered blackish
irroration in disc towards apex; indistinct dark grey marginal dots
towards apex ; cilia grey. Hindwings grey, in disc thinly scaled and
subhyaline with bluish tinge ; cilia light grey.

S.W. Arrica.—Nuragas, January (R. W. Tucker) ; one specimen.

Gen. GELECHIA Hiibn.
Gelechia eusebasta, n. sp.

$ 21 mm. Head light greyish-ochreous. Palpi greyish-ochreous,
anterior edge ochreous-whitish. Thorax light ochreous, faintly
pinkish-tinged. Forewings elongate, costa slightly arched, apex
pointed, termen faintly sinuate, very oblique; rose-pink; extreme
costal edge from near base to 2 and all veins suffusedly streaked with
light yellow-ochreous ; discal stigmata small, brownish ; cilia whitish-
ochreous, mixed or faintly barred with light rose-pink on basal half.
Hindwings pale whitish-grey ; cilia whitish-grey-ochreous.

Cape PRovince.—Kalk Bay, January (Robertson) ; one specimen.

330 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gelechia dryadopis, n. sp.

¢ 17mm. Head, palpi, and thorax light brownish-ochreous, palpi
with a few dark fuscous specks. Forewings rather narrow, costa
slightly arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; light
brownish-ochreous sprinkled with rather dark fuscous; base of costa
suffusedly irrorated dark fuscous; stigmata blackish, plical rather
obliquely before first discal, a small blackish dot between first and
second discal, some irregular fuscous suffusion between stigmata ;
an undefined spot of fuscous suffusion on costa at 2; a marginal series
of small irregular dark fuscous dots on posterior part of costa and
termen ; cilia pale ochreous, somewhat sprinkled dark fuscous towards
base. Hindwings pale grey ; cilia pale ochreous.

Cape ProvinceE.—Rondebosch (Penfold) ; one specimen.

Gelechia omphalopis, n. sp.

221 mm. Head pale ochreous. Palpi whitish-ochreous irrorated
dark fuscous. Thorax dark purplish-fuscous, posterior extremity
pale ochreous. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings rather narrow, costa
slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, rather strongly oblique ;
dark purplish-fuscous ; markings whitish-ochreous ; three small spots
in a transverse series near base, lowest touching a short slender pale
ochreous streak on dorsal edge ; a transverse blotch in middle of dise
not reaching either margin ; a small spot on costa at 4; cilia fuscous
with darker sub-basal shade. Hindwings over 1, termen hardly
sinuate ; grey; cilia light grey, towards tornus ochreous-whitish, base
ochreous-whitish.

S.W. Arrica.—Otjiwarongo (R. W. Tucker) ; one specimen.

Gen. STOMOPTERYX Hein.
Stomopteryx frivola, n. sp.

3 15 mm. Head and thorax grey irrorated dark violet-fuscous,
lower edge of face whitish. Palpi whitish irregularly mixed dark
fuscous. Forewings with apex pointed, termen very oblique; 6
separate; violet-grey irrorated blackish; stigmata forming small
cloudy darker spots followed by slight whitish-grey-ochreous scales,
discal approximated, plical obliquely before first discal; an irregular
whitish angulated transverse line at 3, tinged greyish-ochreous in disc,
on costa forming a small spot; cilia pale grey, basal half sprinkled

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 331

blackish. Hindwings with termen slightly sinuate, grey; cilia
pale grey.

Cape PRovincE.—Sneeuw Kop, Wellington, 5000 feet, November
(K. H. Barnard) ; one specimen.

Gen. SopHRoniA Hiibn.
Sophronia aquilex, nu. sp.

$2 12mm. Head white. Palpi white, second joint with a broad
fuscous band. Thorax white, patagia dark fuscous. Abdomen
whitish. Forewings rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed,
termen sinuate, very oblique; rather dark fuscous; a broad white
costal streak from base to %, pointed posteriorly and having a slender
streak of blackish irroration along upper edge from % of costa to its
extremity, lower edge also margined with scattered blackish scales ;
a moderate white dorsal streak from base to tornus, apex sufiused ;
cilia white, towards tornus and towards costal origin light grey, a black
basal line round apical portion of costa and termen to tornus, and two
blackish apical hooks from costal lines. Hindwings whitish-grey ;
cilia whitish.
CapE Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); three
specimens.

Gen. Anarsia Zell.
Anarsia permissa, 1. sp.

36 13 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish irregularly irrorated
blackish. Forewings rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed,
termen extremely obliquely rounded; grey-whitish irregularly
irrorated blackish-grey ; an oblique blackish rhomboidal spot on
middle of costa, three short oblique blackish streaks from costa
between this and base, and two beyond it; many irregularly strewn
rather short black longitudinal lines more or less edged with white ;
an irregular elongated dark grey patch in disc before middle, edged
above with white, and a similar oval blotch in disc beyond 2; a
slender irregular blackish streak along posterior portion of costa and
termen ; cilia grey, base ochreous-whitish, obscurely barred blackish.
Hindwings pale subhyaline grey, with purple-blue reflections, suffused
with grey on veins and margins; a black median hair-pencil reaching
from base to 4; cilia light grey. Forewings beneath with short flat
tuft of black scales before middle of cell.

S.W. Arrica.— Windhoek, December (R. W. Tucker) ; one specimen.

332 Annals of the South African Museum.

GAMBROSTOLA, N. g.

Head with appressed scales; ocelli posterior; tongue developed.
Antennae 3, in ¢ rather stout, simple, basal joint elongate, without
pecten. Labial palpi long, recurved, second joint with appressed
scales, terminal joint as long as second, moderate, acute. Maxillary
palpi very short, filiform, appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae
rough-scaled above. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from towards
- angle, 3 and 4 stalked from angle, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from
middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia 2; 3 and 4 short-stalked,
5 approximated, 6 and 7 stalked.

Allied to the Chelarva group.

Gambrostola imposita, n. sp.

$2 12 mm. Head and thorax pale ochreous. Palpi ochreous-
whitish, basal half and a subapical ring of second joint, and two rings
of terminal joint blackish. Abdomen ochreous-whitish tinged grey.
Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely
rounded ; pale ochreous, with scattered blackish and fuscous scales ;
costal edge dark fuscous towards base; a small sub-basal blackish
dot beneath costa; stigmata blackish, plical rather obliquely before
first discal, second discal larger; a spot of grey sufiusion with some
black scales on costa beyond second discal; undefined marginal dots
of blackish irroration round posterior part of costa and termen ; cilia
ochreous-yellowish, with a few fuscous points. Hindwings pale grey ;
cilia whitish-ochreous.

Narau.—Krantzkop, November (K. H. Barnard) ; two specimens.

Gen. DicHomeERiIs Hiibn.
Dichomeris orthacma, n. sp.

$2 13 mm. Head and thorax white. Palpi white, second joint
fuscous except scales of apical edge, anterior edge of terminal joint
dark fuscous. Forewings with apex somewhat produced, acute,
termen extremely oblique; white irregularly sprinkled fuscous; a
rather broad fuscous median streak from base to apex, upper edge
mixed dark fuscous; a black dot on fold beneath middle of wing
(plical stigma) ; a marginal series of black dots on apical part oi costa
and termen; cilia white, towards tornus greyish-tinged at apex, a
light fuscous bar. Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish.

Care Province.—Witte R., Wellington, 1500 feet, November

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 333

(K. H. Barnard); two specimens. The cubital pecten of hindwings
in this and the next species is very slightly developed.

Dichomeris rthyaula, nu. sp.

@ 21 mm. Head and thorax white, patagia fuscous. (Palpi
missing.) Forewings with apex pointed, termen slightly sinuate, very
oblique ; white; costal edge dark fuscous from base to $; a rather
broad dark fuscous median streak from base to apex; dorsal edge
dark fuscous from beyond middle to tornus; several black marginal
dots on apical part of costa and termen ; cilia white, on costa fuscous
except near apex, on tornus light fuscous, a fuscous apical bar. Hind-
wings pale greyish ;_ cilia whitish-grey-ochreous.

Care ProvincEe.— Witte R., Wellington, November (K. H. Barnard) ;
one specimen. Near aulotoma and the preceding species.

Dichomerts interamna, n. sp.

$19 mm. Head white. (Palpi missing.) Thorax fuscous, with
a white stripe on each side of back. Forewings elongate, rather
narrow, costa slightly arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely
rounded ; fuscous ; a white streak along basal third of costa ; a white
subcostal stripe from beneath apex of this to costa just before apex ;
a white stripe from base of dorsum beneath fold to termen above
tornus, produced on termen to near apex and with a dark line dividing
its upper portion towards termen ; cilia fuscous, white on markings
(imperfect). Hindwings over 1, grey; cilia pale bronzy-grey.

TRANSVAAL.—Barberton, October (Edwards) ; one specimen.

Gen. OrGocontra Staint.
Ocegocomia syndesma, n. sp.

$ 13 mm. Head whitish-ochreous slightly speckled grey. Palpi
ochreous-whitish sprinkled blackish, terminal joint with blackish
median ring. Thorax ochreous-whitish sprinkled grey, patagia
irrorated dark fuscous. Abdomen whitish-ochreous. Forewings
rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very
obliquely rounded; whitish-ochreous sprinkled dark grey; a dark
fuscous spot on base of costa, and irregular elongate blotches before
and beyond middle, suffusedly confluent beneath with stigmata ;
stigmata forming cloudy blackish spots, plical somewhat before first
discal, second discal transverse ; a dark fuscous apical blotch, extended

334 Annals of the South African Museum.

as a narrow fascia along termen; cilia ochreous-grey-whitish, base
sprinkled dark fuscous. Hindwings ochreous-whitish ; cilia whitish-
ochreous.

Cape Province.—Oudebosch, December (K. H. Barnard); one
specimen.

METACHANDIDAE.
Gen. Meracuanpa Meyr.

Metachanda oxyacma, nu. sp.

S$ 11 mm. Head pale ochreous-yellowish. Palpi white, second
joint grey except apex. Thorax dark purple-grey. Abdomen
greyish. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; purplish-grey irrorated
dark fuscous; stigmata black, partially but strongly margined pale
ochreous, plical very obliquely before first discal, a similar spot on
dorsum before second discal; an acutely angulated indistinct whitish-
ochreous subterminal line rising from a whitish-ochreous spot on costa
at 2; cilia bronzy-greyish sprinkled dark fuscous. Hindwings
pointed, grey ; cilia light bronzy-greyish.

Care Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); one
specimen.

COSMOPTERYGIDAE.
Gen. Doropoca Meyr.

Dorodoca eometalla, n. sp.

213 mm. Head white, collar faintly rosy-tinged. Palpi whitish.
Eyes crimson. Thorax bronzy, a central stripe and patagia pale
glossy grey. Abdomen dark fuscous, apex ochreous. Forewings
bronzy-brown, dorsal edge white towards base, suffused pale violet-
metallic above at base, a white transverse mark from costa near base ;
shining white transverse fasciae at + and beyond middle, becoming
pale violet-metallic towards costa, widest on dorsum, edged with black
scales ; beyond second a white costal streak to %, edged black beneath
and separated by a blackish space from a triangular white apical spot,
and a violet-metallic streak along termen to apical spot, enclosing
a white tornal dot, space between these ochreous ; cilia light grey, on
termen basal half blackish, at apex an ochreous basal dot, above
apical spot a white patch. Hindwings and cilia light grey.

S.W. Arrica.—Ondongua Ovamboland, February (K. H. Barnard) ;
one specimen, which lacks a forewing, but is very distinct.

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 330

Gen. AscaLENIA Wocke.
Ascalenia albitergis, n. sp.

28mm. Head and antennae dark fuscous. Palpi dark fuscous
minutely speckled whitish. Thorax white. Abdomen grey. Fore-
wings lanceolate ; dark fuscous; an angulated line of whitish specks
crossing wing at 2; cilia grey, round apex speckled whitish. Hind-
wings and cilia grey.

S.W. Arrica.—Tsumeb, January (R. W. Tucker) ; one specimen.

OECOPHORIDAE.
OXYSCOPA, nD. g.

Head with appressed scales; ocelli posterior; tongue developed.
Antennae 3, in ¢ shortly and evenly ciliated, basal joint elongate, with
pecten. Labial palpi moderate, curved, ascending, second joint with
appressed scales, hardly reaching base of antennae, terminal joint
half second, acute. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae clothed
with long hairs above and beneath. Forewings 15 furcate, 2 from
angle, 3 absent, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to termen, 11 from middle. Hind-
wings under 1, ovate-lanceolate, cilia 12; 3 absent, 4 from angle,
5-7 tolerably parallel.

Belongs to Ocystola group.

Oxyscopa dealbata, n. sp.

$6 13 mm. Head and thorax grey-whitish. Palpi white, second
joint sprinkled dark grey near tip, terminal joint dark grey except tip.
Antennal ciliations hardly 1. Abdomen grey with bronzy-ochreous
segmental blotches, anal tuft grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, costa
gently arched, apex pointed, somewhat produced, termen sinuate,
very oblique; light glossy violet-grey, tips of scales whitish; a
whitish streak along costa from near base to near apex ; second discal
stigma cloudy, grey; cilia grey-whitish. Hindwings pale grey;
cia grey-whitish.

Care Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); one
specimen.

PHRATRIODES, 0. g.

Head with appressed scales, side-tufts loosely spreading; ocelli
posterior; tongue developed. Antennae = (?), in 3 moderately
biciliated, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi

VOL. XXIII, PART 2. 22

336 Annals of the South African Museum.

moderately long, curved, ascending, second joint with appressed
scales, not reaching base of antennae, terminal joint 2 of second,
moderate, acute. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior tibiae
clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 2 and 3 stalked from angle,
7 and 8 stalked, 7 to apex, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, subovate,
cilia +; 3 and 4 connate, 5-7 parallel.

Related to Hulechria group.

Phratriodes curvisignis, n. sp.

g¢ 18 mm. Head and thorax grey mixed white. Palpi grey,
second joint white towards base, terminal joint sprinkled white
towards base. Forewings moderately elongate, costa slightly arched,
apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; fuscous, slightly sprinkled
whitish ; a white dot beneath costa at base; a cloudy whitish streak
leaving costa obliquely at 4, curved downwards and returning above
middle of disc to near costa at 3; some irregular whitish suffusion
towards apex ; cilia fuscous, basal half slenderly barred whitish round
apex. Hindwings dark grey, lighter anteriorly; cilia light grey, a
darker sub-basal shade.

Care PRovincE.—Rondebosch (Penfold) ; one specimen.

SELIDORIS, 0. g.

Head with appressed hairs, side-tufts loosely raised ; ocelli posterior ;
tongue developed. Antennae in ¢ 1, stout, simple, in 2 somewhat
shorter, slender, basal joint moderate, with small pecten at base.
Labial palpi very long, recurved, second joint thickened with appressed
scales, somewhat compressed towards apex beneath, terminal joint
in ¢ shorter, in 2 as long as second, moderate, acute. Maxillary palpi
very short, filiform, appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae clothed
with rough hairs above. Forewings with 16 furcate, 2 from before 3,
3 from angle, 3-5 approximated, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from
somewhat before middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia 2;
3 and 4 connate, 5-7 parallel.

Type deligata Meyr. (referred to Cryptolechia). Costa of forewings
roughened with scales before middle. The genus is allied to Carcina.

Gen, CERANTHES Meyr.
Ceranthes apellodora, n. sp.

gd 11 mm. Head shining whitish, a pale rosy central stripe on
crown. Palpi whitish. Thorax ochreous-whitish, patagia and a

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 307

dorsal stripe pale rosy. Abdomen shining whitish. Forewings
elongate, costa gently arched, apex pointed, somewhat produced,
termen very obliquely rounded; shining whitish ; a dull rosy thick
subdorsal streak from base to a blue-grey spot surrounded with dull
rosy at middle of dorso-termen ; anterior half of disc suffused pale
yellow, with some pale rosy suffusion towards fold; discal stigmata
minute, blackish, surrounded with purple-grey suffusion, between
these some pale yellow suffusion beneath which is a spot of light rosy-
ferruginous suffusion with some grey scales, above this an elongate
patch of light rosy-ferruginous suffusion extending along costa from
middle nearly to apex, including an indistinct greyish streak pos-
teriorly ; some light rosy-ferruginous suffusion along termen; cilia
ochreous-whitish, tinged rosy round apex. Hindwings whitish; a
large pale whitish-ochreous discal patch margined posteriorly and
beneath with grey suffusion; a whitish-ochreous hair-pencil lying
along costa from base to middle; cilia whitish. Forewings beneath
whitish-yellowish to nearly # from base, edged posteriorly by a faint
greyish curved line.

Care Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); three
specimens. |

XYLORYCTIDAE.
Gen. OpiTES Wals.

Odites superscropta, n. sp.

2 16 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-ochreous, thorax
dorsally faintly pinkish-tinged. Forewings moderate, apex obtuse-
pointed, termen hardly rounded, rather oblique; whitish-ochreous ;
second discal stigma small, blackish, a transverse mark of dark fuscous
irroration from costa directly above it; two or three dark fuscous
scales towards termen below middle; cilia whitish-ochreous. Hind-
wings and cilia whitish-ochreous.

S.W. Arrica.—Nuragas, January (R. W. Tucker) ; one specimen.

HELIODINIDAE.

Gen. EREtTMOCERA Zell.

Eretmocera contermina, un. sp.

$11mm. Head and thorax dark grey. Palpi whitish. Antennae
dark fuscous. Abdomen ochreous-yellowish, irregularly dark fuscous

338 Annals of the South African Museum.

towards base of segments, anal tuft blackish, yellowish centrally
towards apex and beneath. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; dark
greyish-fuscous ; an ochreous-whitish spot on costa at $; cilia dark
grey. Hindwings and cilia dark grey.

S.W. Arrica.—Tsumeb, December (R. W. Tucker) ; one specimen.

Eretmocera syleuta, un. sp.

6 12 mm. Head and thorax dark violet-fuscous, collar slightly
mixed whitish. Palpi dark fuscous, somewhat mixed whitish, towards
base suffused whitish. Antennae blackish (tip broken). Abdomen
dark violet-fuscous, segmental margins whitish-grey, anal tuft blackish.
Forewings elongate-lanceolate ; dark violet-grey, somewhat lighter-
mixed posteriorly ; cilia grey. Hindwings dark fuscous; cilia dark
orey.

Cape Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); one
specimen.

GLY PHIPTERYGIDAE.

Gen. GLYPHIPTERYX Hiibn.
Glyphipteryx argophracta, n. sp.

210 mm. Head and thorax dark grey. Palpi with four whorls
of dark fuscous whitish-tipped scales and apex whitish, second joint
with rough projecting hairs beneath. Forewings elongate, rather
dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ;
greyish-bronze, suffused dark fuscous towards base ; two narrow white
blackish-edged fasciae, widest dorsally, first at 4, hardly curved,
second from before middle of costa to beyond middle of dorsum; a
transverse golden-metallic streak from a white dot on costa beyond
middle reaching half across wing; a rather inwards-oblique white
striga from costa at # meeting an erect golden-metallic streak from
dorsum before tornus, area beyond this black except near costa,
marked with two fine whitish-yellowish streaks on and near upper
edge and one below middle, three prismatic-golden-metallic dots
triangularly arranged in upper portion and two in lower portion, a
white mark on costa near apex above this; cilia white, basal half
within a dark grey line grey-yellowish, on costa dark fuscous. Hind-
wings dark grey ; cilia grey.

Cape Province.—Capetown, February (K. H. Barnard); one
specimen.

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 339

HYPONOMEUTIDAE.
Gen. Eramra Hiibn.
Hihmaa pericentrota, n. sp.

$62 15-16 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-white, a black dot on
thorax behind collar. Palpi ochreous-whitish, a grey lateral streak on
second joint except towards apex. Abdomen ochreous-white, 3 basal
segments pale ochreous, next 3 whitish-grey except onsides. Forewings
with termen slightly rounded, oblique ; ochreous-white ; costal edge
black towards base; a large black dot near base in middle; stigmata
forming small round black spots, plical rather obliquely before first
discal, an additional spot midway between plical and base ; a marginal
series of about 9 rather large irregular black dots round posterior part
of costa and termen; cilia ochreous-whitish. Hindwings light grey ;
cilia ochreous-whitish.

S.W. Arrica.—Ongka, Mafa Ovamboland, February, March
(K. H. Barnard) ; three specimens.

Hthmia leucocirrha, n. sp.

6 23 mm. Head ochreous-yellow. Palpi whitish-yellowish,
sprinkled dark grey. Thorax pale yellowish (injured). Abdomen
yellowish, last 3 segments with dark fuscous bands. Forewings with
termen rounded, somewhat oblique; light ochreous-yellow overlaid
with white; small black dots beneath costa near base and at 4;
stigmata small, black, plical obliquely beyond first discal, a similar
dot midway between plical and base, second discal larger ; cilia white.
Hindwings pale yellowish overlaid with white ; cilia yellowish-white.

S.W. Arrica.—Otjituo, January (R. W. Tucker) ; one specimen.

COLEOPHORIDAE.
Gen. Enscepastra Meyr.
Enscepastra longvrostris, n. sp.

$2 15-17 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey speckled whitish, palpi
6. Forewings narrow-lanceolate, dorsum and termen almost straight ;
dark grey speckled whitish, in 9 wholly suffused ochreous-brown
except on margins; stigmata in ¢ obscured, in @ minute, black,
plical very obliquely before first discal; cilia light grey. Hindwings
with 4 present; light bluish-grey ; cilia pale grey.

CapE Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); two
specimens.

340 Annals of the South African Museum.

ELACHISTIDAE.
Gen. EvLacuista Treitsch.

EHlachista jusivficata, n. sp.

S$ 9 mm. Head white. Palpi dark grey, tip white. Thorax
ochreous-whitish. Forewings lanceolate; ochreous-whitish tinged
grey ; plical and second discal stigmata small, black; cilia ochreous-
whitish. Hindwings pale grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish.

Care Province.—Cedarbergen, 4-5000 feet, September (K. H.
Barnard) ; one specimen.

GRACILARIADAE.

Gen. AcRocERcors Wall.
Acrocercops triceros, n. sp.

$9mm. Head and thorax grey. Palpi grey-whitish, second joint
rather short, apical scales rather expanded, dark grey, terminal joint
longer, with two bands of dark fuscous irroration. Forewings dark
grey ; a yellow-ochreous streak along termen margined anteriorly by
a very oblique fine silvery-white streak from tornus, and receiving
three converging white strigulae from apical part of costa, last limiting
a large round black apical dot; cilia grey, at apex whitish with two
short black hooks. Hindwings and cilia rather dark grey.

S.W. Arrica.—Mafa Ovamboland, February (K. H. Barnard) ;
one specimen.

Gen. Parectopa Clem.

Parectopa flora, n. sp.

6 10 mm. Head whitish. Palpi slender, whitish, second joint
crimson except apex, terminal joint with crimson supramedian ring.
Thorax crimson, posterior half whitish. Abdomen light grey. Fore-
wings narrow, parallel-sided, obtuse ; light crimson; six pale yellow
oblique spots from costa finely edged with dark fuscous scales, third
terminating in a longitudinal dark fuscous dash, last three shorter
and terminated beneath by a praeapical oval blotch of dark fuscous
suffusion; three pale yellow dorsal blotches finely edged with dark
fuscous, first semioval, second oblique-triangular terminated by a
spot of dark fuscous suffusion edged above by a fine black line touch-
ing second costal spot, third triangular ; a fine black curved line near
and parallel to apical and terminal margin, limiting the praeapical
dark blotch, upper part of termen within this crimson, lower white,

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 341

terminal edge shortly blackish towards middle; cilia crimson, with
a black apical hook, below this a pale yellow patch, on tornus grey.
Hindwings and cilia grey.

Natraut.—Durban, November (H. W. Bell-Marley) ; one specimen.

EPERMENIADAK.

Gen. EpeRMENIA Hiibn.
Epermenva rthycentra, n. sp.

g¢ 10 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish, finely sprinkled
dark fuscous. Abdomen light grey. Forewings narrowly elongate-
lanceolate ; pale grey finely speckled dark fuscous; small black dots
towards costa at | and 2, connected with base by a faint streak of
ochreous tinge; black dots in disc before 4, at middle, and 2, also
connected by a faint streak of ochreous tinge; a black dot on fold
(plical stigma) obliquely before second of these; cilia grey-whitish
speckled dark fuscous except towards tornus, with dark grey line
almost on tips round apex, a small tooth of black-tipped scales on
dorsum towards tornus. Hindwings light grey; cilia pale greyish.

CapE Province.—Zonder End Peak, 4000 feet, Caledon Div.
(K. H. Barnard); one specimen.

LYONETIADAE.
Gen. Hizroxestis Meyr.

Hieroxestis wricharts, 0. sp.

612mm. Head, palpi, and thorax pale bronzy-greyish-ochreous.
Abdomen iridescent whitish-grey. Forewings lanceolate, apex acutely
produced ; iridescent grey; costal edge whitish on median third ;
a shining pale ochreous slender supramedian streak from base to an
oval spot beneath middle of costa, a streak along fold from before 4
to beyond 4, and a costal streak from 2 to apex: cilia light grey.
Hindwings grey; cilia light grey. Forewings beneath dull purple
with bright green-blue iridescence.

Care PrRovince.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); one
specimen.

Gen. Hecracma Meyr.

Hectacma glossophora, n. sp.

6 10mm. Head and thorax pale ochreous-yellowish, thorax with
blackish lateral stripe. Palpi ochreous-whitish, a stripe on second

342 Annals of the South African Museum.

joint, and base of terminal joint blackish. Forewings broad-lanceo-
late; 5 and 6 stalked; pale ochreous-yellowish ; a slender dark
fuscous costal stripe from base to 7; a broad dark fuscous dorsal
stripe from base to middle of wing; a narrow irregular dark fuscous
stripe from disc before middle to termen below middle, thence rather
wider along termen to apex; cilia pale ochreous-yellowish, at apex
a grey bar. Hindwings and cilia whitish.

CapE Province.—Rondebosch (Penfold); one specimen. The
stalking of veins 5 and 6 of forewings is exceptional, but does not
invalidate the definition of the genus.

TINEIDAE.

Gen. MyrmecozE.a Zell. »
Myrmecozela picroxesta, 0. sp.

3 16 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark grey. Abdomen grey.
Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen faintly
sinuate, very oblique; 7 to costa; glossy grey irrorated with rather
dark fuscous; extreme costal edge whitish from before middle to
about =; cilia grey, base sprinkled fuscous. Hindwings rather dark
grey ; cilia grey.

Carpe Province.—Zonder End Peak, Caledon Div., 4000 feet,
December (K. H. Barnard); one specimen. The costal termination
of vein 7 of forewings is abnormal in the genus.

Myrmecozela paurosperma, 0. sp.

219mm. Head dark fuscous, tips of hairs whitish. Palpi whitish-
ochreous, second joint and apex of terminal joint infuscated externally.
Thorax ochreous with brassy-yellowish reflections. Forewings elon-
gate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen very obliquely
rounded ; yellow-ochreous; about 10 small scattered black dots or
specks (3 of these representing stigmata), and a series along posterior
half of costa and termen; cilia yellow-ochreous. Hindwings pale
grey ; cilia whitish-grey.

Cape ProvinceE.—Rondebosch (Penfold) ; one specimen.

Myrmecozela pogonopis, 0X. sp.

$6 17mm. Head dark fuscous. Palpi dark fuscous, second joint
with long dense tuft beneath and some lateral bristles, terminal joint
short. Antennae grey. Thorax brown. Forewings elongate, termen

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 343

very obliquely rounded; brown, with purple reflections; cilia
ochreous-whitish tinged grey. Hindwings and cilia light grey.
Natat.—Kar Kloof, Durban, April (H. W. Bell-Marley); one
specimen.
Gen. Trnza Linn.

Tinea doxochares, n. sp.

S1lmm. Headwhite. Palpidarkfuscous. Antennae dark grey.
Thorax white, a blackish transverse mark near posterior extremity,
patagia ochreous-tinged. Abdomen glossy grey, anal tuft ochreous-
whitish. Forewings elongate, apex pointed, termen very obliquely
rounded; white; a triangular blackish blotch extending on costa
from base to near middle, and reaching to fold ; an oblique transverse
blackish blotch from costa beyond middle reaching half across wing,
narrowed beneath; dorsal area beneath fold irregularly suffused
yellow-ochreous, dorsal edge strigulated blackish, with a wedge-
shaped transverse blackish mark beyond middle; an oval blotch
of yellow-ochreous suffusion in disc beyond middle, and a transverse
blotch beyond this, followed by a blackish praeapical blotch on costa,
connected with an irregular interrupted blackish streak along termen ;
cilia pale ochreous-grey, round apex whitish, towards middle of
termen mixed dark grey. Hindwings violet-grey ; cilia light grey.

CaPE ProvincE.—Oudebosch, Caledon Div., December (K. H.
Barnard) ; one specimen.

Tinea exolescens, n. sp.

$6 13 mm. Head ochreous-grey-whitish. Antennae 1, grey.
Thorax pale greyish-ochreous, shoulders dark fuscous. Abdomen
ochreous-whitish. Forewings rather narrow, costa gently arched,
apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded; pale greyish-
ochreous coarsely sprinkled grey; costal edge suffused dark grey
towards base, a small ochreous-whitish spot beneath costa near base
surrounded by grey suffusion ; second discal stigma cloudy, obscurely
darker ; cilia whitish, coarsely sprinkled light grey towards base.
Hindwings and cilia whitish.

Care Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); one
specimen.

Tinea achlyota, n. sp.

g 12-13 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey suffused white.
Antennae 3. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex
obtuse-pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; grey with strong

9

344 Annals of the South African Museum.

white gloss; cilia whitish. Hindwings pale greyish, with iridescent
white gloss ; cilia whitish.

CarpE Province.—Cedarbergen, 5000 feet, September (K. H.
Barnard) ; three specimens. Near chalcoxesta.

GLAUCOSTOLA, 0. g.

Head loosely rough-haired; ocelli posterior; tongue absent.
Antennae 3, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi short,
straight, slender, drooping, terminal joint longer than second, pointed.
Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs
above. Forewings with 2 short, from angle, 7 to costa, 11 from before
middle. Hindwings #, lanceolate, cilia 24; 2-7 separate, rather
approximated, 2-4 very short.

A curious insect of uncertain affinity.

Glaucostola oxyteles, n. sp.

329-10 mm. Head whitish mixed with grey hairs. Palpi white,
externally grey. Thorax light grey. Forewings broad-lanceolate,
apex slenderly produced, acute ; shining submetallic greyish-bronze ;
a slender suffused white costal streak from base to near apex; cilia
whitish, base tinged grey. Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia whitish.

Care Province.—Capetown, October (R. M. Lightfoot) ; Witte R.,
Wellington, 1500 feet, November (K. H. Barnard) ; three specimens.

PROBATOSTOLA, 0. g.

Head rough-haired ; ocelli posterior ; tongue absent. Antennae 2,
in ¢ simple, joints closely set, basal joint short, stout. Labial palpi
moderate, curved, ascending, second joint tufted with dense rough
scales beneath, with some projecting lateral bristles, terminal joint
short, loosely scaled, obtuse. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior
tibiae with appressed scales. Forewings with some raised scales (?) ;
16 furcate, 2 from angle, 7 to apex, 11 from towards base. Hindwings
somewhat under 1, elongate-ovate, cilia ?; 2 widely remote, 3-7
parallel.

Perhaps near Drosica.

Probatostola ochromalla, n. sp.

$2 15-17 mm. Head and palpi light greyish-ochreous sprinkled
dark grey. Thorax dark fuscous speckled whitish. Forewings
elongate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 345

rounded ; brownish-ochreous suffusedly irrorated with whitish specks
circled with dark fuscous; markings light ochreous; four irregular
ill-defined transverse streaks, connected by a narrow irregular costal
streak, first near base, fourth from ? of costa to tornus, a subcostal
spot before third, three spots on costa posteriorly, and a streak of
confluent spots just before termen: cilia pale ochreous irregularly
barred with grey and dark fuscous irroration. Hindwings dark grey ;
cilia grey.

S.W. Arrica.—Namakunde, Ovamboland, February (K. H.
Barnard) ; two specimens.

Gen. Encetipotis Meyr.

This genus has 3-jointed, filiform, folded maxillary palpi; vein 6
of hindwings to costa.
Gen. Etuocnotis Meyr.

This genus also has 3-jointed, very slender, folded maxillary palpi.

OCNOPHILA, Nn. g.

Head rough-haired ; ocelli posterior; tongue absent. Antennae
2, in 6 shortly ciliated, basal jot short, without pecten. Labial
palpi long, subascending, second joint thickened with scales, tufted
beneath with long rough scales, terminal joint much shorter, slender,
tolerably pointed. Maxillary palpi short, 3-jointed, porrected, loosely
scaled. Posterior tibiae loosely haired. Forewings with 1b furcate,
2 from angle, 7 to costa, 11 from before middle, secondary cell distinct.
Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia 3; 2-4 parallel, 5 and 6 somewhat
approximated, 7 parallel.

Type autocrypta Meyr. Perhaps nearest Psephologa.

Ocnophila autocrypta, n. sp.

§ 18mm. Head, palpi, and thorax fuscous. Forewings elongate,
moderate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely
rounded ; fuscous: cilia concolorous, towards tips paler and whitish-
tinged. Hindwings rather dark grey ; cilia light grey or whitish.

Care Province.—Goudini Road (Worcester), and Zuur Vlakte,
Wellington, 3000 feet, October (K. H. Barnard) ; two specimens.

Ocnophila tetraula, n. sp.

219 mm. Head white, centrally suffused fuscous. Palpi white,
second joint bronzy-ochreous except apex. Thorax bronzy-ochreous,

346 Annals of the South African Museum.

with two white stripes. Forewings as in autocrypta ; shining bronzy-
ochreous ; a moderate white costal streak from near base to middle,
thence as a slender line to about 2; a rather irregular white streak
pointed anteriorly from disc before middle to apex, edged blackish
beneath and shortly above before apex; a white submedian streak
from base to beneath end of cell, edged blackish beneath ; an irregular
elongate white mark edged blackish above near termen below middle ;
a slender white dorsal line from base to near tornus ; cilia white, base
suffused bronzy-ochreous, a blackish sub-basal line, tips suffused grey.
Hindwings light grey ; cilia pale greyish, round apex suffused white.

CAPE Province.—Zuur Vlakte, Wellington, 3000 feet, November
(K. H. Barnard); one specimen.

Gen. Acorostoma Meyr.

This genus has 3-jointed filiform maxillary palpi, appressed to face
or porrected.
Acorostoma chrysochalea, n. sp.

32 14-17 mm. Head white, sometimes mixed grey. Palpi dark
grey, apical edge white. Thorax white irrorated dark fuscous. Fore-
wings with apex pointed, termen hardly rounded, rather strongly
oblique ; white, variably sprinkled blackish or with costal and dorsal
thirds densely irrorated blackish; seven variable shining golden-
ochreous blotches, viz., first oval subcostal near base, second elongate
resting posteriorly on dorsum at 4, third roundish in disc before
middle sometimes confluent with second, fourth rather oblique-
transverse from middle of dorsum, fifth transverse from costa beyond
middle sometimes touching fourth or sixth, sixth tornal erect, seventh
from costa near apex often connected with sixth; cilia white with
rows of black points. Hindwings and cilia light grey.

Cape PrRovinceE.—Witte R., Wellington, 1500 feet, November
(K. H. Barnard) ; four specimens.

Acorostoma isometra, n. sp.

S$ 11 mm. Head whitish, centrally tinged pale grey. Palpi light
grey, apical edge whitish. Thorax whitish irrorated grey. Fore-
wings with apex obtuse, termen rounded, rather strongly oblique ;
grey-whitish irrorated grey, a few scattered blackish scales; stigmata
moderate, blackish, plical obliquely beyond first discal, almost as near
to second; cilia whitish-grey sprinkled dark grey. Hindwings and
cilia light grey.

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 347

Cape PRrovince.—Witte R., Wellington, 1500 feet, November
(K. H. Barnard) ; one specimen.

PATROMASIA, N. g.

Head with long rough hairs; ocelli posterior; tongue absent.
Antennae 4, in g fasciculate-ciliated, basal joint short. Labial palpi
moderate, porrected, second joint with rough projecting scales beneath,
terminal joint shorter, loosely scaled, hardly pointed. Maxillary
palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae with rough hairs above. Forewings
with 2 from angle, 7 absent, 11 from before middle. Hindwings under
1, elongate-ovate, cilia 1; 2-7 separate, 4 and 5 rather approximated.

Allied to Humasia.

Patromasia petroglypta, n. sp.

39-12 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-whitish. Palpi ochreous-
whitish sprinkled dark fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa gently
arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ;
ochreous-whitish, slightly and irregularly sprinkled grey and dark
fuscous ; blackish-grey spots on costa at $, middle, and $, last some-
times reduced to two strigulae ; spots of grey and blackish irroration
above fold nearly beneath first and third of these, and some grey
irroration on dorsum beneath these; two or three dark strigulae on
costa posteriorly and termen; cilia ochreous-whitish, a few dark
specks. Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish.

S.W. Arrica.—Otjimbumbe, Kunene R., March (K. H. Barnard) ;
two specimens.

Gen. Exantuica Meyr.

Exanthica atelacma, n. sp.

$ 20mm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey speckled whitish and dark .
fuscous. Abdomen whitish-ochreous, with segmental marginal rings
of fuscous suffusion. Forewings elongate, costa slightly arched, apex
obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; rather dark fuscous irregularly
speckled whitish; stigmata black, plical and first discal forming
oblique marks in the same line, plical rather anterior, these followed
by a fasciate blotch of white suffusion, second discal smaller, trans-
verse, a black dot beyond this; some undefined blackish dots along
termen, preceded by white suffusion; cilia fuscous speckled white.
Hindwings rather dark grey ; cilia grey speckled whitish.

Cape Province.—Montagu, October (K. H. Barnard); one speci-
men. An interesting second species of the genus, immediately

348 Annals of the South African Museum.

separated from the first by the absence of the dark triangular spot
at apex.
Gen. Narycra Steph.

Narycia antibatis, n. sp.

615mm. Head white with some grey hairs, face grey. Palpi very
short, white, base of joints blackish. Thorax dark fuscous. Fore-
wings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely
rounded ; 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to apex; grey, irregularly and rather
suffusedly mixed whitish, a few scattered black scales, especially
towards termen; cilia white, with two dark grey lines. Hindwings
grey ; cilia grey, a sub-basal line of dark fuscous scales.

S.W. Arrica.—Ongka, Ovamboland, February (K. H. Barnard) ;
one specimen. A rather singular species.

Gen. PENESTOGLOsSA Rog.

Characters of genus derived from the following species :

Head loosely haired, forehead prominent, eyes large; ocelli pos-
terior ; tongue absent. Antennae 4, in 3 bipectinated, basal joint
moderate, without pecten. Labial and maxillary palpi obsolete.
Posterior tibiae with appressed scales. Forewings with 1b long-
furcate, 2 from angle, 3 rather approximated, 4 and 5 connate, 7 and
8 stalked, 7 to apex (indefinite), 9 almost connate, 11 from middle.
Hindwings 1, subovate, cilia $; 2 and 3 parallel, 4 and 5 stalked,
6 and 7 approximated at base.

Penestoglossa dyscrita, n. sp.

g 24-26 mm. Head whitish-grey. Antennal pectinations 5.
Thorax grey mixed whitish. Forewings elongate, costa slightly
arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded; whitish coarsely
irrorated grey ; a suffused white spot on end of cell: cilia whitish
mixed grey, with a dark grey shade. Hindwings light grey; cilia
whitish with a grey shade.

S.W. Arrica.—Omaruru (J. 8. Brown) ; four specimens.

Gen. Mrnasina Boisd.

Melasina leucoconis, n. sp.

$20 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white. Antennal pectinations
3. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, termen very obliquely

New South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 349

rounded; pale greyish-ochreous suffusedly overlaid white; cilia
white. Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia white.
S.W. Arrica.—Ongka, Ovamboland, February (K. H. Barnard) ;
one specimen.
Melasina araeopis, n. sp.

3g 24-26 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark fuscous irrorated
whitish. Antennal pectinations 5. Forewings elongate, costa gently
arched, apex obtuse, termen rather obliquely rounded ; grey closely
irrorated blackish, irregularly and suffusedly strigulated with white.
Hindwings grey, darker-speckled ; cilia whitish-grey, a dark grey
sub-basal line.

S.W. Arrica.—Tsumeb, January (Kéchig) ; two specimens.

Gen. Fumea, Haw.
Fumea fatalis, n. sp.

312-13 mm. Head, palpi, thorax dark fuscous, a few whitish hairs.
Antennal pectinations 3. Forewings moderately broad, costa moder-
ately arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, oblique; dark
fuscous ; cilia fuscous. Hindwings dark fuscous; cilia fuscous.

Cape Province.—Cedarbergen, 4—-5000 feet, September (K. H.
Barnard) ; two specimens.

Gen. StnDoNoPHORA Meyr.

Sindonophora sutrix, n. sp.

g 11-12 mm. Head blackish with some white hairs. Palpi
blackish, terminal joint as long as second, very slender, almost
aciculate. Antennal pectinations 2. Thorax blackish. Forewings
moderate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen hardly
rounded, oblique; 7 and 8 stalked; dark fuscous; a rather narrow
straight white fascia from middle of costa to beyond middle of dorsum ;
a direct white fasciate streak from costa at = reaching half across wing,
sometimes widened on costa; cilia white. Hindwings white, base
narrowly suffused dark fuscous, sometimes a few grey scales on
terminal edge ; cilia white.

Cape Province.—Cedarbergen, 4-5000 feet, September (K. H.
Barnard) ; three specimens.

Gen. LamproniA Steph.

Lamproma albifusa, n. sp.

$ 14-16 mm. Head grey, sides and back of crown whitish. Palpi
whitish-grey. Thorax light grey, patagia mixed whitish. Forewings

300 Annals of the South African Museum.

elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen very
obliquely rounded ; light grey mixed and suffused white ; cilia whitish.
Hindwings iridescent whitish-grey ; cilia grey-whitish.

CapE ProvinceE.—Goudini Road (Worcester), October (K. H.
Barnard) ; two specimens.

HEPIALIDAE.

Gen. Dataca Walk.

Dalaca rhodaula, n. sp.

6 26-27 mm. Head pale rosy mixed with dark grey hairs. Palpi
very small, concealed in long hairs. Antennae 4, moderately ciliated,
joints submoniliform. Thorax rosy-brownish or rosy-grey mixed
whitish. Forewings fuscous, variably marbled with light rosy mark-
ings edged first with white and then partially with blackish, these
form especially six or seven roundish spots along costa, and a very
strongly bisinuate streak in disc interrupted in middle and connected
by three or four bars with dorsum; a terminal series of small rosy-
white spots; cilia rosy-whitish barred fuscous. Hindwings grey ;
cilia whitish-rosy obscurely barred greyish, on costa more distinctly,
the dark markings forming series of cloudy spots.

Cape Province.—Kalk Bay and Capetown ; two specimens.

Dalaca amphiarma, nu. sp.

3 36 mm. Head and thorax light brownish. Palpi 4, brown.
Antennae fuscous, compressed, closely lamellate-dentate, appearing
simple. Abdomen with basal half clothed with long dense brown-
whitish hairs. Forewings fuscous; an irregular band composed of
two partly confluent suffused white streaks from base to end of cell,
where it sends a prominence towards dorsum, thence running with
posterior edge straight to apex, margined on both sides with broad
dark fuscous suffusion tending to form spots, a white mark in disc
before middle above this surrounded with dark fuscous suftusion ;
a terminal series of white crescentic spots; cilia pale fuscous, base
darker. Hindwings fuscous, paler anteriorly ; two irregular whitish
shades from middle of disc to costa before apex ; a terminal series of
crescentic whitish spots; cilia as in forewings.

Care Province.—Dunbrody, June (Rev. J. O’Neil), Kimberley,
March (J. H. Power).

New South African Muicro-Lepidoptera. 351

Gen. Hepratus Fabr.

Hepialus xenoctenis, n. sp.

$3lmm. Head and thorax brown mixed whitish and dark fuscous.
Palpi 14, with appressed scales, whitish-fuscous. Antennae strongly
bilamellate (24). Abdomen fuscous, segmental margins whitish,
two basal segments clothed with dense ochreous-whitish hairs. Fore-
wings light fuscous, whitish-speckled; costa more whitish, with
several small dark fuscous spots on basal half, and three towards apex ;
cell containing three transverse pairs of pale ochreous-yellowish spots
outlined with dark fuscous and a seventh spot in apex, a white spot
between upper spots of first two pairs and another beyond third pair,
lower spot of third pair partly outside cell; area between cell and
dorsum irregularly marbled with white and pale yellowish spots,
edged with dark fuscous irroration; postmedian and subterminal
series of pale ochreous-yellowish spots outlined with dark fuscous,
three median spots of subterminal series white; a terminal series of
smaller similar spots; cilia light grey, with white bars not reaching
base. Hindwings grey; a dark fuscous transverse spot on costa near
apex, and two marks transversely placed before it ; cilia grey obscurely
spotted with whitish suffusion.

Cape PRovince.—Capetown (L. Péringuey) ; one specimen.

VOL. XXIII, PART 2. 23

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( 353 )

5. The Oedemeridae of South Africa with Notes on some other African
Oedemeridae (Coleoptera).—By K. G. Buatr, B.Sc., F.H.S.

(Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.)

THE family Oedemeridae seems to be but poorly represented in the
African fauna ; not only is the number of species small but the number
of individuals is also scanty. It is true that Fairmaire has described
about fifteen species from Madagascar, while Pic (1922) has recently
named several more from Madagascar and from tropical Africa; but
from South Africa one only, Ananca hottentota, Fairm., has been hitherto
described. Others have existed for many years both in the British
Museum and in the South African Museum, and it is at the request
of the late Dr. L. Péringuey that the present attempt to work out this
South African material is undertaken.

Of the forms now dealt with two only, one of which is an almost
cosmopolitan species, can claim to have anything like a general
distribution in South Africa ; of the remainder there exists usually but
a single record, though in many cases two or more individuals are noted
of each. Though not included in the fauna of South Africa proper,
which for convenience sake may be taken as south of the Zambesi,
certain species from Nyasaland, which bear a close affinity with
those of Mashonaland, are included; I take the opportunity to deal
also with two further hitherto undescribed forms, one from Uganda
and one from West Africa.

The classification adopted is that given by Seidlitz (1899).

Key to the Genera of South African Oedemeridae.

1. (2) Anterior tibiae with a single spur; antennae of ¢ 12-jointed.
(sub. fam. Nacerdinae) Nacerda Steph.
2, (1) Anterior tibiae with two spurs ; antennae in both sexes 11-jointed.
3. (10) Last joint of maxillary palpi more or less triangular, its apex at least as
long as the inner side ; eyes at most with a broad shallow emargination

near the antennae : : sub. fam. Asclerinae
4, (5) Hyes entire; antennae imserted: some iiistaace in front of them; colour
blackish : : j : : Melananthia nov.

5. (4) Eyes with a broad shallow CaN eae in front ; antennae inserted close
to them ; colour in part at least fulvous.
6. (7) Wings abortive, ‘ f ‘ } : Apterosessinia nov.

304 Annals of the South African Museum.

7. (6) Wings fully developed.

8. (9) Mandibles bifid at apex . ; : : : Ananca ¥F. and G.

9. (8) Mandibles simple at apex . : é Sessinia Pasc.
10. (3) Last joint of maxillary palpi nearly parallel sided, its apex very short in

relation to its length ; eyes subangularly emarginate. :
(sub. fam. Oedemerinae) Asclerosibutia Pic

Nacerda melanura, L.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., 1758, vol. i, p. 403 (Cantharis).

Ruto-fulvous, with the tips of the elytra, the legs and the underside
blackish.

The head is withdrawn not quite as far as the eyes in the prothorax ;
the eyes moderately deeply emarginate ; the antennae inserted not
quite in the emargination, the mandibles bifid at the tips.

3. Rather slighter in build than the 9, the head and sides of the
thorax usually more or less clouded with fuscous; the pygidium and
5th ventral segment of the abdomen both deeply cleft at apex (in the
2 the apex of the pygidium has a small angular emargination).

Length.—9-13 mm.

Localities.—Table Mountain (W. Bevins); Darling (L. Péringuey) ;
Grahamstown; Touws River, November 1883 (L. Péringuey) ; Durban
(J. P. Cregoe and H. W. Bell-Marley); also in Europe, Asia, North
and South America.

This widely distributed species of Palaearctic origin is probably
distributed largely by driftwood, in which the larva frequently lives.
Apart from the generic characters, it is readily distinguished by its
colour pattern from all other South African members of the family.
From certain species of Asclerosibutia which also have the tips of the
elytra black it is at once separated, in addition to its generic differences,
by its head being concolorous with the prothorax.

MELANANTHIA gen. nov.

Elongate, subcylindrical, moderately densely pubescent. Head,
excluding labrum, about as long as its width between the eyes, the
latter strongly convex, entire, a little longer than wide, their long
axis (viewed laterally) very oblique; antennae slender, second joint
about 4 as long as third, 11-jointed in both sexes, inserted about
equidistant from the eyes and the base of the mandibles; labrum
about half as wide again as long; mandibles bifid at apex ; maxillary
palpi with last joint triangular, apex about as long as inner side,

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 359

rather more than half as long as outer ; last joint of labial palpi with
sides equal and slightly divergent, apex rounded. Prothorax cor-
diform. Elytra parallel sided for three-quarters of their length,
each with four costae extending almost to apex. Anterior tibiae
with two small spurs at apex, penultimate joint of all the tarsi
expanded and clothed beneath with dense fulvous pubescence, with
a slight development of similar pubescence on the antepenultimate
joints.

3 with 5th ventral segment only about half as long as 4th;
- 6th segment divided, forming two long narrow lobes.

©, 5th ventral segment produced in a triangular lobe.

Closely related to Chrysanthia Schm., from which it differs in the
lack of metallic colour, in having the head withdrawn to the eyes
in the prothorax, the second joint of the antennae shorter, the labrum
broader, etc.

M. costupennis sp. n.

Black, with the head and prothorax mainly testaceous, the antennae,
mouth parts, except mandibles and mentum, and the gula, a spot
on the vertex, and a median elongate patch on the thorax black ;
legs entirely black except the front coxae yellow. Thorax a little
wider than long, with a broad transverse depression across the middle,
less intense in the median area; pubescence of head and thorax
golden except on the black areas, where it is black, and directed
mainly towards the median line, near which it slopes forwards ;
puncturation rather strong, coarser and more sparse on the depressed
areas. Hlytra with the margins and four costae on each strongly
raised and shining, with rather sparse decumbent black pubescence
directed backwards; intervals densely granulose, with cinereous
decumbent pubescence on each interval directed backwards and to-
wards the middle line, so that it appears denser and whiter in the
middle of each interval. |

$. The short 5th ventral segment with a small median projection
and the sides more strongly produced, the 6th segment completely
exposed, as two long laminae, separated and twisted in apical third,
exposing a stout pointed median piece, dorsal to which projects the
aedeagus, the terminal knob of which is separated by a sharp bifid
notch on both dorsal and ventral sides ; again dorsal to this are two
slender brown chitinous rods, the lateral lobes of the tegmen.

@. The 5th ventral segment much longer than the 4th, the sides

356 Annals of the South African Museum.

emarginate before the apex, thus forming a broad triangular median
lobe ; apex of pygidium entire.

Length.—9-12 mm.

Locality.—Pondoland, Port St. John, Oct. and Dec. 1923 (R. E.
Turner).

1 3 and 3 99 of this striking species are before me. The strongly
costate elytra, the effect of which is enhanced by the diversity of
colour of the pubescence and its peculiar incidence, render the species
at once recognisable.

Melananthia senex, sp. n.

Klongate, subparallel, black with a slight aeneous lustre, covered
with a conspicuous decumbent white pubescence; the antennae,
palpi, mandibles (with the exception of the tips), and legs, more or less
testaceous.

Head across the eyes as wide as the prothorax, sharply constricted
immediately behind the eyes; the latter almost contiguous with the
front of the prothorax, not emarginate in front, strongly convex and
prominent, the distance between them notably greater than that
between the antennae; antennae inserted some distance in front of
the eyes, slender, second joint elongate, 4 as long as 3rd, 3rd to 10th
cylindrical, decreasing slightly in length; mandibles bifid at apex ;
maxillary palpi normal, last joint triangular, not much longer than
the preceding, its inner edge about as long as the apical. Thorax
slightly longer than wide, feebly enlarged in anterior half, anterior
border rounded, base bisinuate, disc convex without definite 1m-
pressions, finely and evenly granulate-punctate except for a smooth
median line in the posterior half; pubescence rather irregularly
inclined, directed mainly forwards on the disc, transversely inwards
along the basal border, leaving a narrow sub-basal line as well as the
smooth line on the disc free of pubescence. Elytra parallel in basal
half, thence arcuately narrowed to apex, sutural border slightly raised,
disc punctured similarly to the thorax, pubescence directed backwards
somewhat obliquely in alternating directions, leaving three rather
indistinct dark lines where it is less crowded. Anterior tibiae with
two spurs, basal joint of posterior tarsi a little longer than the rest
together, penultimate joint cordiform, deeply excavate above, slightly
wider than the preceding, claw-joint about as long as second ;_ claws
subdentate within at the base.

Length.—11 mm.

Locality.—Cape Town, 20th December 1911 (K. H. Barnard).

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 307

The type, 2, is unique in the British Museum.

Differs from the type species of the genus in its more elongate, less
cordiform thorax, and in the elytral costae being indicated by the
trend of the pubescence rather than definitely present. With the dis-
covery of the g it may be found that a new genus is required for its
reception. The uniformly blackish colour of the body, to which the
conspicuous white pubescence gives a slate-grey appearance, at once
distinguishes it from all other South African members of the family.
In this respect it resembles the Egyptian Probosca pallipes, Oliv., but
the latter has the eyes much less prominent, emarginate in front,
and separated above by a distance scarcely greater than that between
the antennal bases.

APTEROSESSINIA gen. nov.

Head sunk to the eyes in the prothorax; eyes large prominent,
broadly but shallowly emarginate in front, separated by a space about
equal to that between the antennal bases; antennae inserted close
to the eyes, filiform, 2nd joint about 4 as long as 3rd, mandibles dis-
similar, left simple, right with a small tooth above before the apex ;
palpi not unusually large, last joint triangular, outer edge sinuate,
inner much shorter than the apical. Thorax cordiform, rounded in
front, disc convex without marked impressions. EHlytra not much
wider than the thorax, parallel, each separately narrowed and rounded
at apex, hence dehiscent for some distance before apex, all four costae
faintly evident ; wings vestigial ; pygidium exposed, sides convergent
from base, apex broadly truncate ; last ventral segment subtriangular,
sinuate on each side and rounded at apex, not attaining tip of pygidium.
Anterior tibiae with two spurs, tarsi slender, Ist joint of posterior
tarsi as long as the rest together including the claws, penultimate
joint cordiform, deeply excavate above, spongy pubescent beneath ;
claw joint as long as 2nd, more than half its length projecting beyond
the penuJtimate, claws with a long curved tooth on inner side. Sexes
very similar except that the 9 is very much larger than the 3.

The new species for which this genus is proposed bears < striking
resemblance to the New Zealand form Thelyphassa diaphana, Pasc.
though differing from it in numerous details. In the dissimilar
mandibles it resembles Alloxacis Horn, though its micropterous state
and projecting pygidium give it a very different aspect. From
Sessinia it differs, besides being subapterous, in the toothed claws.
The latter might almost be described as “ split”’ as in the Meloidae,
the tooth being slender and curved, almost as long as the claw itself.

(Si)
or
(o2)

Annals of the South African Museum.

Apterosessinia peringuey2, sp. 0.

EHlongate, parallel, except for the eyes and the tips of the mandibles
entirely testaceous, clothed with a moderately dense decumbent pale
pubescence.

Head more or less nitid, finely and not very densely punctate.
Thorax longer than wide (scarcely so in 9), anterior margin rounded,
sides strongly sinuate, hardly wider than the head across the eyes
in 3, considerably wider in 9, base strongly bisinuate with raised
border ; disc punctured as the head, pubescence mainly directed
obliquely inwards at the sides and forwards in the middle. EHlytra
scarcely wider than the widest part of the thorax, parallel, nearly
flat behind, much more opaque than the thorax, but little more densely
punctate and pubescent, reaching little beyond the base of the pygi-
dium. Wings aborted, parallel, about half the length of the elytra.

3S. Eyes larger and more prominent, thorax more elongate, more
strongly sinuate at the sides. The genital armature seen from
beneath, lying within the concavity of the pygidium, exhibits the
following pieces, viz., 6th ventral segment consisting of a pair of
lanceolate lobes lying horizontally, each of these near the base is
suddenly expanded to form a large unciform process which nearly
meets its fellow; between these is a median slender, clavate, hairy
process, its tip not quite attaining the tips of the above-mentioned
lobes; dorsal to this the tegmen gives off two somewhat scimitar-
shaped lobes held vertically between the lobes of the 6th segment and
projecting a little beyond them, while above them lies the median
lobe, flattened laterally with on each side before the tip a fine barb
on the ventral edge (cf. Oncomera, Sharp and Muir, Trans. Ent. Soc.
Ibyeraelg, USI, 10, BIDE, jall, Ibex, ial, IKeNN),

Length.—(Average) 13 mm. (9-18).

©. Larger and more stoutly built, eyes smaller and less convex,
thorax shorter, less strongly sinuate at the sides, considerably wider
than the head across the eyes; pygidium and 5th ventral segment
very similar to those of the g; colour a little redder.

Length.—20 mm.

Localities.—Cape Province, Mossel Bay, 1913 (J. H. Power) ; Cape
Town, 1915, and Muizenberg, 1906 (Dr. L. Péringuey).

All from the South African Museum.!

1 The types of this and of other species described from the South African
Museum have been generously presented to the British Museum,

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 309

Ananca Fairm. and Germ.

To this genus, originally proposed for certain Chilian species, I
assign numerous Sessinia-like forms which differ from Sessinza Pasc.
(type lweda, F.) in having the mandibles bifid at the apex. This
character is not always easily perceptible from above, especially when
the jaws are closed, but if examined from beneath the deep groove that
leads up to the apex can usually be seen even when the extreme tips
are concealed. Fairmaire used the name for a considerable number
of species from Madagascar, though some of these no doubt belong
elsewhere. His remarks (1897) on the excessive rarity of the males
of most of the species are not borne out by the material now before
me, but there is reason to suppose that he frequently failed to recognise
this sex. From the description he gives of the 3 characters of A.
helvola, Klug, a species unknown to me, it would appear to be wrongly
placed in this genus, since he describes a strong sexual dimorphism
in the apparent terminal segments of the abdomen, whereas in Ananca
as here understood such dimorphism is remarkably slight; the
probability is that many of the specimens presumed by Fairmaire
on account of the simple abdomen to be female were in reality male.
When the apex of the abdomen gapes the genitalia, enclosed between
the lobes of the 6th ventral segment, can usually be seen lying within
the hollow of the pygidium ; the terminal papillae of the ovipositor of
the 2 usually at once make that sex recognisable.

Key to the South African Species of Ananca.

1. (6) Antennae, palpi, tibiae and tarsi black; head and thorax, underside,
and femora fulvous.

2. (5) Elytra black, narrowly bordered with flavous, sometimes with a more or
less broad transverse median band flavous.

3. (4) Build stout; apex of elytra more broadly flavous than the margins ;

transverse yellow band frequently present : inconstans, Sp. 1.

4. (3) More slender; yellow margin of elytra interrupted at apex ; no transverse
median band : 3 5 : : : marginipennis, sp. Nn.

(2) Elytra fulvous : : : ai ae nigrimembris, sp. Nn.

(1) Antennae, palpi and legs pale.
(8) Antennae annulated, apical half of the joints fuscous ; colour brownish
testaceous . : 3 : : hottentota, Fairm.

ID

8. (7) Antennae and legs uniformly pale.
9, (12) Elytra finely and densely punctate and pubescent, not paler than the
thorax ; abdomen not fuscous.
10. (11) Colour brownish testaceous ; last joint of palpi normal, triangular
holoxantha, Har.

360 Annals of the South African Museum.

11. (10) Colour pale greyish fulvous, elytra with the base and a transverse band
beyond the middle indistinctly darker ; last joint of palpi subcrescentic
subfasciata, sp. n.

12. (9) Elytra rather sparsely punctate and pubescent, paler than the head and
thorax ; abdomen fuscous . : : : fusciventris, sp. n.

Ananca imconstans, sp. 0.

Robust, reddish yellow, with the antennae, palpi, tibiae and tarsi,
and the greater part of the elytra black; the latter have an orange
border expanded at the apex, and frequently an irregular band of the
same colour, varying greatly in width in different specimens, across
the middle.

Head sunk almost to the eyes in the prothorax, moderately strongly
punctate, each puncture with a scarcely visible hair. LHyes large,
not very convex, widely emarginate in front, slightly more approximate
above than the antennal bases. Antenna inserted close to eyes, rather
stout, filiform, 2nd joint about 4 as long as 3rd. Mandibles bifid at
apex; palpi slender, last joint about 4 longer than the second, its
outer edge sinuate, the inner edge not very divergent (about 30°),
nearly as long as the apical. Thorax cordiform, a little wider than
the head across the eyes, about as wide as long, widest near the front
thence sharply narrowed anteriorly and more gently so towards the
base, which is bisinuate with a raised border; disc uneven, with a
broad depression across the anterior half, with extensions towards the
anterior angles, the middles of the sides, and to a median basal
depression ; surface strongly, rather densely, punctate with scarcely
visible pubescence. LElytra widest behind the middle, not very
convex transversely, finely granulate, with a double pubescence, very
fine decumbent with sparser-stronger semi-erect hairs interspersed.
Tarsi stout, basal joint of posterior tarsi longer than the rest together,
penultimate joint cordiform, excavate above, with a dense golden
pubescence beneath, scarcely wider than the preceding.

Sexes very similar; 3, pygidium cleft at apex, genital armature
very similar to that of Apterosessinia described above, but stouter,
with median lobe more pointed, and the subapical barbs stouter and
more divaricate, thus approaching the form of an arrow head, with
a second pair of barbs some distance behind them.

Length about 13 mm. (10-17 mm.).

Localities.—Nyasaland, Mlanje, 8th November 1912 (S. A. Neave) ;
Zomba (H. 8. Stannus); Natal, Durban, Malvern, Mpanzi R. (G. A.
K. Marshall) ; Cape Province, Mossel Bay (Overbeek) ; Ngami.

The Oedemeridae of South Africa, ° 361

The colour pattern is independent of sex, but from the limited
material before me there may be some connection with the geographical
distribution of the species. Thus I have forms in which the transverse
bar has disappeared more or less entirely from Nyasaland and Natal
(Malvern and Durban); the form with the band normal from Natal
and Ngami, that in which it has increased so as to occupy almost half
the length of the elytra from Mossel Bay and Mpanzi R. Further
collecting, however, may demonstrate that all these forms may occur
together.

This type of coloration is very unusual in the family, though found
in certain Australian species, e.g. Coprdita languida, Blkbn. and others,
and in S. Moorez, Montr. from New Caledonia and Fiji.

Ananca marginipennis, sp. n.

Slender, flavous, with the antennae, palpi, tibiae and tarsi, and
elytra black, the latter with a narrow flavous border which is not
continued round the apex; head and thorax more or less marked
with fuscous.

Head not quite sunk to the eyes in the prothorax, not notably con-
stricted behind the eyes, finely and moderately densely punctate,
with a fuscous patch between the eyes though sometimes not reaching
them. KHyes large, not very convex, broadly but not deeply emarginate
in front. Antennae inserted close to the eyes, slightly more approxi-
mate than the latter, filiform, attaining ($) about the middle of the
abdomen, 2nd joint rather more than 4 the length of the 3rd; man-
dibles bifid at apex ; last joint of palpi with the inner edge little more
than 4 as long as the apical. Thorax in 3 not quite as wide as the
head across the eyes, slightly longer than wide, in 9 a little wider than
the head and about as wide as long, disc punctured and pubescent as
the head, with a large shallow depression on each side about the middle.
Elytra parallel, about 3 times as long as wide, each with 4 raised
lines of which the 2 outer are very faint, finely and moderately
densely punctate, with the intervals minutely rugose, pubescence
simple, golden, and moderately dense. Anterior tibiae bispinose, tarsi
moderately stout, basal joint of posterior tarsi longer than the rest
together, penultimate joint cordiform, wider than the preceding,
deeply excavate above; all the joints except the claw-joint clothed
beneath with a dense golden pubescence, that on the second joint
apparently of a velvet-like character similar to that of the penultimate.

Length.—9-11 mm.

362 Annals of the South African Museum.

Locality.— Mashonaland, Chirinda, October 1905; Mt. Chirinda,
November—December 1911 (G. A. K. Marshall).

Of the African forms this only in any way resembles the unbanded
form of S. enconstans, sp. n., but is of much more slender build, and
may be at once recognised by the simple elytral pubescence, by the
less approximate eyes, and by the yellow margin of the elytra being
interrupted at the apex. Like S. wnconstans it bears a close superficial
resemblance to certain Australian forms, e.g. S. Macleayi, Champ.
and S. punctum, Macl.

Ananca nigrimembris, sp. n.

Clear luteous with the maxillary palpi (antennae wanting), tibiae,
tarsi, and apices of the femora black.

Head not withdrawn as far as the eyes in the prothorax, not con-
stricted behind the eyes, rather strongly punctate but with very feeble
pubescence; eyes large, moderately prominent, broadly but feebly
emarginate in front, slightly wider apart than the antennal bases ;
mandibles bifid at apex, maxillary palpi slender, last joint about
twice as long as the preceding, outer and apical edges scarcely diverging,
inner edge very short. Thorax longer than wide, scarcely wider than
the head across the eyes, sides strongly sinuate, base feebly bisinuate
with raised border, disc depressed with a median shallow impression
before the base and a pair in front of the middle, surface rather strongly
punctate, with weak forwardly directed pubescence. LElytra elongate,
parallel, more opaque than the thorax with four raised lines, pubes-
cence stronger than that of thorax, golden. Posterior tarsi slender,
penultimate joint scarcely wider than the preceding, both, and the
apex of the basal joint, with dense golden pubescence beneath ; claws
simple.

Length.—9 mm.

Locality. Nyasaland : Mlanje, 16th November 1912 (S. A. Neave).

The single specimen, sex not determined, is distinct from every
other African species known to me by its black appendages in contrast
with the yellow body. It may prove to be synonymous with S.
bicoloripes, Pic (1922) from San Thomé, which is described as being
similarly coloured, but the description is too meagre for definite
recognition, and in view of the wide difference in the localities, and of
the apparent distinctness of the South and Hast African forms from
the West African, the probability appears to be in favour of their
being distinct.

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 363

Ananca hottentota, Fairm.
Bull. Soc. Ent. France, p. 71, 1883.

EKlongate, brownish testaceous, the antennae with the apical half
of joints 3-7 (the rest wanting) fuscous, 2nd joint 4 as long as the 3rd ;
thorax clouded with fuscous at the sides.

Head comparatively coarsely punctate and finely rather sparsely
pubescent ; eyes widely but shallowly emarginate, mandibles bifid
at apex, last joint of palpi triangular, inner side as long as apex.
Thorax subcordiform, widely depressed above, with the usual de-
pressions rather feeble, sides rather strongly constricted about the
middle; surface rather coarsely and sparsely but somewhat ir-
regularly punctate, with fine sparse pubescence. Elytra 3 times as long
as together wide, a little darker than the thorax, and much more finely
and densely punctate, all 4 raised lines evident. (Legs defective.)

Length.—13 mm.

Locality—Mossel Bay, January 1899 (T. W. Overbeek), in South
African Museum. (Described from the Cape.)

I have not seen any authentic individual of this species, but Dr.
Péringuey informs me that he thinks the defective 2 above described
is of the same species as that he had originally sent to Fairmaire.
It agrees fairly well with the description given by the latter author,
but is a little longer. The annulate antennae are very striking and
at once distinguish the species from the other African representatives
of the family.

Since the above was written I have received a further pair of
A. hottentota from Tokai, Cape Province, 10th October 1923 (N. L.
King) from under the bark of eucalyptus trees grown from seed.

From these it is possible to supplement the above description :
Femora mainly fulvous with the apex as well as the tibiae and tarsi
darker.

Sexes, even as regards antennae, palpi, position of eyes, etc., very
similar, but strongly dimorphic in the genitalia.

3, 5th ventral segment broadly emarginate at apex, but the median
portion again triangularly produced, 6th segment divided almost to
base to form a pair of narrow divergent lobes the apices of which are
' twisted (2.e. dorsal surface becomes ventral) and curve towards one
another again. Between these is the aedeagus, the lateral lobes
narrow, lanceolate, the median lobe provided on its dorsal side near
the apex with two barbs, of which the apical is the larger.

564 Annals of the South African Museum.

2, 5th ventral segment subtriangular, the apex not quite reaching
that of the pygidium.

This strong sexual dimorphism in the genital armature is very
unusual in Ananca, and suggests that the genus may be composite
(see above under Ananca). While there is some resemblance between
the ¢ genitalia here described, and those of A. helvola Kl. and A.
foveicollis Fairm. described by Fairmaire, there is no suggestion of
an intimate relationship, since Fairmaire describes only 4 ventral
segments to the abdomen.

The habitat under the bark of Eucalyptus, in conjunction with other
previously noted resemblances of South African to Australian and
New Zealand species, suggests an inquiry whether it, or its ancestors,
might not have been imported with the eucalyptus, but it is certainly
not assignable to any Australian species known to me, while the fact
that it was described from South Africa forty years ago and was again
taken in 1899 does not afford any valid support to such a theory.

Ananca holoxantha, Har.
Col. Heft., vol. xvi, p. 145, 1879.

Brownish testaceous, densely and finely punctate and pubescent
throughout.

Head retractile to the eyes in the prothorax; eyes feebly convex
and feebly emarginate in front; 2nd joimt of antennae nearly 3
as long as the 3rd; mandibles bifid at apex; last joint of maxillary
palpi triangular, inner side nearly as long as the apex. Thorax
cordiform, rounded in front, the sides gradually convergent behind,
disc convex, with scarcely indicated depressions, closely and finely
punctate. Elytra not 3 times as long as together wide, slightly
darker than the head and thorax, with the suture narrowly paler;
the usual raised lines are scarcely indicated. Tarsi slender, basal
joint of posterior tarsi as long as the rest together, penultimate joint
small, cordiform scarcely wider than the preceding, claw-joint pro-
jecting for 2 of its length beyond it: claws simple.

$ not identified.

© pygidium deeply cleft or bilobed at apex.

Length—10 mm.

Locality.—Walfish Bay.

Loanda (type of von Harold).

It is with a little doubt that I assign two individuals to this species.
They agree fairly well with von Harold’s description, except that the

ee

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 365

2nd joint of the antennae is evidently more than 4 as long as the 3rd,
the elytra are not wider behind the middle, and have faint indications
of the usual raised lines. Both specimens appear to be of the same
sex, one of them being obviously 9.

Ananca subfasciata, sp. n.

Pale dirty yellow with an indistinct broad dark band across the
base of the elytra and another beyond the middle.

Head wider than the prothorax, slightly narrowed behind the eyes,
rather short in front. Eyes large, prominent, widely but shallowly
emarginate in front, distance between them rather greater than that
between antennal bases. Antennae inserted close to eyes, filiform,
2nd joint about half as long as 3rd; labrum transverse, mandibles
strongly curved externally, bifid at apex; maxillary palpi slender,
last joint about twice as long as 2nd, outer and apical sides curved,
inner very short, giving the joint a subcrescentic outline. Thorax
as wide as long, strongly sinuately narrowed towards base, rounded in
front, disc with a broad shallow depression across the anterior half
and produced basally as a median depression, very finely and not
closely punctate and pubescent. Hlytra more densely and strongly
pubescent than the thorax, each with 4 raised lines, the 3rd (humeral)
only visible near the base. ‘Tarsi slender, Ist joint of posterior
tarsi longer than the rest together including the claws, penultimate
- not markedly wider than the preceding, densely pubescent beneath.
3 pygidium slightly emarginate at apex.

Length.—6-7 mm.

Localities.—Clanwilliam, O’Okiep, November 1885 (South African
Museum).

A very fragile insect, the soft teguments and indistinct colour
pattern giving it the appearance of immaturity, though both the
individuals before me are alike. The short head and peculiar shape
of the terminal joint of the palpi are very distinct, and in conjunction
with the small size and feeble coloration should render the species
easily recognisable. The form of the palpi does not appear to be
sexual; in both specimens they are similar, though the second, in
which however the genital armature is not visible, has the pygidium
entire at the apex, and is presumably 9.

Ananca fuscwentris, sp. 0.

Flavous, the elytra notably paler than the head and thorax, the
metasternum and abdomen fuscous.

366 Annals of the South African Museum.

Head retractile to the eyes in the prothorax, rather strongly but
not very densely punctate and pubescent; eyes large, moderately
convex, feebly emarginate in front, somewhat more approximate than
the antennal bases. Antennae slender, inserted close to the eyes,
2nd joint rather more than 4 as long as 3rd; mandibles toothed
beneath at apex, curved in about a quarter circle from the front.of
the clypeus; maxillary palpi slender, last joint half as long again
as the penultimate, the inner side about as long as the apical.
Thorax longer than wide, scarcely as wide as the head across the eyes,
with the usual impressions very feeble ; surface more sparsely punctate
than the head, punctures large, shallow, more or less pupillate, the
intervening space finely alutaceous. Elytra with the usual raised
lines ill-defined, rather sparsely punctate, each puncture with a rather
long suberect hair. Anterior tibiae bispinose, tarsi moderately stout,
basal joint of posterior tarsi as long as the rest together (excluding the
claws) penultimate joint cordiform, wider than the preceding. dg not
identified. 9 pygidium rather long, subtriangular, entire at apex.

Length.—10 mm.

Localitees.—Beira, Port. EK. Africa, Ist June 1900 (G. A. K.
Marshall) ; Cape District (2) (South African Museum).

Readily recognised among the African members of the family by
its colour and its comparatively sparse and coarse pubescence. It
is closely allied to Ananca scabripennis, Champ. (1917) from the
Seychelle Islands and Christmas Island, with which the peculiar punc-
turation of the thorax agrees, but the elytra are more sparsely punctate
with longer pubescence, and the colour of the underside is different.

Sessinia Pascoe.

In this genus are retained only those species in which the mandibles
are simple at the apex, though in some cases there is a blunt tooth
on the upper edge of the inner side a little before the apex. In Ananca
the outer edge bears a deep groove, frequently visible only from
beneath, a little before the apex which ultimately splits it into two
sharp teeth, the upper usually the larger. Fairmaire seems to have
paid no attention to this character, and it is probable that many of
the species included by him in Ananca should really be referred here.
The two genera are in other respects almost identical and have a
similar distribution throughout the tropics of both hemispheres.

Though this character may appear trivial it appears to be sharply
defined (in a family where good characters are scarce), and consider-

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 367

able importance has been attached to it by most recent writers on
the Oedemeridae.

Champion (@917) has recently used Oxacis, Lec. for this genus,
treating Sessinia as a nomen nudum synonymous with Ananca,
F. and G., but Iam unable to follow him in so doing. The name was
proposed by Pascoe (1863) for a group of known species for which
generic characters, though no name, were given by Lacordaire (1859),
and appears to be perfectly valid. The first of these species quoted
by Lacordaire, Lagria lida, ¥., later selected by Semenow (1894)
as the type of the genus, has simple mandibles, so that Sessinia Pasc.
may be separated from Ananca Fairm., with which it was formerly
combined and synonymous, on these grounds, and Oxacis Lec., at
least as applied to the African fauna, becomes a synonym of it.

Key to the South African species of Sessinia.

1. (2) Thorax without median dark vitta ; elytra with a pale spot on suture
clarymacula, sp. n.
2. (1) Thorax with median dark vitta.
3. (4) Eyes separated by a distance notably less than the length of the 3rd
joint of the antennae ; size larger (12 mm.) . vittatithorax, sp. n.
4. (3) Eyes separated by a distance as great as (9) or greater than (9) the length
of 3rd joint of antennae ; size smaller (8-10 mm.) marshalli, sp. n.

Sessinia clarumacula, sp. n.

Moderately robust, fusco-testaceous, the elytra a little darker than
the head and thorax with an elongate suffused pale spot on the suture
just before the middle.

Head sunk not quite to the eyes in the prothorax, not constricted
behind them, finely and moderately densely punctate and pubescent ;
eyes large, feebly convex and widely but shallowly emarginate in
front ; antennae inserted close to the eyes, but slightly less approxi-
mate to one another than the latter, not attaining the posterior
femora (9, those of 3 defective), 2nd joint half as long as the 3rd,
Ath to 11th (2) subequal, a little shorter than the 3rd; mandibles
simple at apex, very elongate and comparatively feebly curved at tip,
giving the head a very elongate triangular outline; maxillary palpi
slender, last joint as long as the second and slightly longer than the
third, its internal side not very divergent from the external, about as
long as the apical. Thorax little wider than the head across the eyes,
slightly longer than wide, rather suddenly narrowed about the middle
and again constricted just before the base, with a pair of feeble

VOL. XXIII, PART 2. 24

368 Annals of the South African Museum.

depressions in the anterior half and a median one before the base ; disc
punctured and pubescent as the head, the pubescence directed mainly
obliquely inwards and forwards from the sides and“orwards in the
middle. Hlytra rather densely rugosely punctate, with dense semi-
decumbent brownish pubescence turning to golden on the sutural
flavous spot; the usual four raised lines are scarcely perceptible and
the suture is not markedly thickened or raised. Anterior tibiae with
two spurs; tarsi rather stout, first joint of posterior tarsi as long as
the rest together (excluding the claws), penultimate joint bilobed and
deeply and broadly excavate above, scarcely wider than the preceding,
the pile-like pubescence of the underside divided into two areas.
3 scarcely differing externally from the 9, elytra rather dark and the
sutural spot consequently more evident (? always), the pygidium
sharply notched at apex (entire in 9, and projecting a little beyond
the elytra).

Length.—13-15 mm.

Locality.—Walfish Bay. 2 33, 2 99 in South African Museum.

This insect resembles in colour and pubescence that which I take
to be A. holoxantha, Har. The latter, however, is very much smaller,
has the mandibles bifid at apex and more strongly curved, the
2nd joint of the antennae only 4 as long as the 3rd; the tarsi more
slender, and the 2 has the apex of the pygidium widely and deeply
notched at the apex.

Sessinia vittatithorax, sp. n.

Robust, flavotestaceous, with the head between the eyes, a median
line along the thorax, and the elytra brownish, the latter with the
suture and lateral margins flavous.

Head retractile to the eyes in the prothorax, finely, rather closely
punctate, with indistinct pubescence. Eyes large, rather strongly
convex, separated above by a space about equal to the breadth of
one of them, feebly emarginate in front. Antennae filiform, nearly
as long as the body, inserted close to the eyes and less approximate
than these, 2nd joint $ as long as 3rd. Mandibles acute at apex, but
each with a blunt tooth on the upper side a little before it. Maxillary
palpi slender, last joint not very much larger than the third, its inner
edge rather longer than the apical. Prothorax subcordate, rounded
in front, base raised, disc with scarcely evident impressions, subnitid,
with rather large shallow punctures not very dense near the middle
and anteriorly, but becoming finer and denser towards the base, the
intervening space distinctly alutaceous. Elytra widest at the

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 369

shoulders, thence very gradually narrowed for 4 of their length,
moderately finely and densely punctate and pubescent. Anterior
tibiae bispinose, tarsi not very stout, basal joint of posterior tarsi
as long as the rest together (excluding the claws), penultimate joint
cordate, about # of the claw joint projecting beyond it ; claws simple.
Sex not determined (probably ¢), pygidium triangular, projecting
slightly beyond the elytra.

Length.—12 mm.

Locality.— Natal, Isipingo, February 1896 (G. A. K. Marshall).

The single specimen has the facies of a large group of species widely
distributed in the tropics and closely resembling one another, though
differing widely in the minute sculpture of the thorax. It must be
very similar to Ananca strigicollis, Fairm. from Madagascar, but has
no trace of a median sulcus on the thorax and is not darker beneath.
It also resembles A. grisescens, Fairm. but is darker in colour, with
quite different thoracic sculpture and mandibular structure. Ozxacis
nquisttor, Blkb., an Australian species, has very similar sculpture
and coloration, but differs in the palpi, the inner side of the last joint
being distinctly shorter than the apical.

Sessema marshalli, sp. n.

Pale flavous, with the head between the eyes, a median line on the
thorax, and the elytra, except the margins, clouded with fuscous.

Head retractile to the eyes in the prothorax, finely and rather
sparsely punctate and pubescent; eyes large, prominent, feebly
emarginate in front, separated above by a space greater than the
width of one of them; antennae inserted close to the eyes, 3 to #
as long as the body, 2nd joint about 4 as long as 3rd; mandibles
acute at apex; maxillary palpi normal, last joint about half as long
again as the 3rd; inner side as long as apical. Thorax as long as or
longer than wide, subcordiform, without pronounced impressions,
sparsely and finely punctate and pubescent, the general surface smooth
and nitid. Elytra more densely asperately punctate with stronger
decumbent pubescence, without evident raised lines; apex of
pygidium rounded, entire. Anterior tibiae bispinose, tarsi slender,
basal joint of posterior tarsi as long as the rest together (excluding the
claws), penultimate joint cordate, a little wider than the preceding.

3 slightly smaller than the 2, more slender, the thorax longer than
wide, scarcely as wide as the head across the eyes (as wide as long
in the 2 and slightly wider than the head across the eyes) antennae
longer, extending beyond the middle of the elytra.

370 Annals of the South African Museum.

Length.—8-10 mm.

Localities.—Natal, Isipingo, February 1896 (G. A. K. Marshall) ;
Port Shepstone, January 1913 (K. Barnard); Pondoland, Port St
John, March to May and December 1923 (R. E. Turner).

Very like a small pale-coloured form of the preceding, but the
distance between the eyes is greater, and the thorax is very differently
sculptured.

Ananca phthysica, Rits. from the Congo and Sessinia lateritincta,
Pic from the Gaboon (if these are not identical) probably should also
be included in this genus. The British Museum possesses specimens
from Nigeria with the name Nacerdes limbata, De}. (MS.), that appear
to agree with the description of both. Of the same general form as
S. vitatithorax, sp. n. they differ in having a broad though rather
indistinct fuscous streak from the humerus nearly to the tip of the
elytra but not including the margin. The thorax is very indistinctly
darker in the middle, the anteromedian portion of the disc densely
and rather coarsely punctured with a tendency to a median line free
of punctures, but basally and laterally the punctures become much
finer and more crowded.

Asclerosibutia, Pic.
L’Kchange, vol. xxx, p. 67, 1914.

This genus, with three species from West Africa and the Congo, has
not hitherto been recognised from the southern or eastern part of the
African continent. It is placed by Pic near Asclera, but the author
makes no mention of the palpi or of the abdominal sexual characters.
If I have recognised it correctly it belongs to the subfamily of
Oedemerinae, and not to the Asclerinae, as witnessed by the long narrow
terminal joint of the palpi, the comparatively deep, angular, emargina-
tion of the eye, and the strong sexual dimorphism exhibited by the
abdominal segments. It is perhaps scarcely distinct from the tropical
American genus Sisenes, Champ., but the name may provisionally be
retained for the African species. These appear to fall into two, or
perhaps three, distinct groups according to the formation of the
abdominal segments.

(i) Asclerosibutia, Pic s.s. (type A. diversithorax, Pic, det. ex descr.).

$@ in British Museum, 150-200 miles W. of Kambove,
3500-4500 ft., 17th October 1907 (S. A. Neave).

3. 5th ventral segment strongly bisinuate at apex, massive,

not tapering behind, exposing the two large rounded lobes of

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 371

the 6th segment, held in a subtectiform position, between the
upper edges of which are visible the downward curved tips
of the median and tegminal lobes of the aedeagus. The massive
nature of the apparatus, while somewhat similar to that of
Nacerdes melanura, is, without dissection, distinctly suggestive
of the genital armature of the Australian Rhynchophorous
genus Psalidura.

9. 5th ventral segment widely emarginate at apex with a small
projection in the middle of the emargination ; the 6th ventral
sclerite divided and more or less retractile beneath the 5th,
leaving the apex of the ovipositor broadly exposed as it lies
in the hollow of the pygidium.

(A. loneatocollis, Pic and v. rufipennis, n. are similar.)

(ui) Idgiomima subgen. nov. (type A. neavet, sp. n.).

¢ unknown.

(N.B.—The g of A. violacea, sp. n. which appears to be closely
related to A. neaver has armature very similar to the above.)

2. 5th ventral segment very obtusely angulate at apex, almost
concealing the ovipositor when in resting position ; 6th sclerite
divided as above.

(Includes also A. marshallt, A. abdominalis and probably
A. violacea, of which the 9 is unknown.)

(i) Subgen. [dgiromumula, n. type A. terminalis, sp. n.

S$. 5th ventral segment conical, broadly, subrectangularly
emarginate at apex so as to reach only half the length of the
pygidium, exposing the two comparatively small rounded lobes
of the 6th segment, which lie in a horizontal plane and nearly
meet posteriorly. Between and beyond them is visible the
aedeagus which extends, in the position of rest, to the tip of
the pygidium.

°. Sth ventral segment triangular, extending nearly to
the tips of the pygidium; 6th sclerite divided, completely
concealed when at rest.

To the first group belong apparently all the species described by
Pic. They are larger, more robust-looking insects than those of the
other groups, with the elytra more densely pubescent and having a
striped appearance owing to the different directions in which the
pubescence lies. The suture and outer margin are thickened, and
there are two raised costae—one dorsal, arising from above the humeral
angle, and one sublateral, arising below it. On all these raised lines
the pubescence lies directly backwards. Between the suture and the

372 Annals of the South African Museum.

dorsal costa it is directed obliquely backwards, outwards from the
suture, inwards from the costa, the two series forming a crest midway
between the two; between the two costae it forms a similar crest.
In the 9 the last joint or two joints of the antennae are yellowish, but
in the only 3 seen by me they are concolorous black.

In the second group the two costae though present are much less
prominent and do not influence the trend of the pubescence. This
lies backwards along the suture, then obliquely outwards to a line
halfway between the dorsal and sublateral costae, beyond which it
lies again backwards. I have seen no ¢ of the South Hast African
species of this group, but A. violacea, sp. n. from West Africa is
presumed to belong to it.

The third group is necessary for A. terminalis, sp. n. which agrees
in facies and also in the way in which the pubescence lies with the
second, but exhibits certain differences in the posterior abdominal
segments in both sexes which seem to separate it rather sharply.
It is possible, however, that the discovery of the $ of A. neaver and
its allies may render this distinction less abrupt.

From Uganda the British Museum possesses what is probably a
variety of one of the West African species described by Pic :—

A. luneatocollis, Pic var. rufipennis, nov.

Black, the thorax and elytra rufous, the former broadly blackish
on the sides, the last two joints of the antennae fulvous. The head
between the antennal bases obscurely rufous, with pubescence that
in certain lights is also rufous.

Locality.x—Uganda, Tero Forest, 8. E. Buddu; 3800 ft., 26th
to 30th September 1911 (8S. A. Neave).

Except that it lacks the black apex to the elytra this form appears
to be identical with a specimen from Aburi, Gold Coast, that agrees
with the description of A. lineatocollis, Pic.

Key to the species of Asclerosibutia Pre.

1. (8) Elytral pubescence lying obliquely in alternating directions in longitudinal
bands, giving the elytra a striped appearance ; last joint of antennae
usually yellow (9).

2. (7) Elytra yellow with apex black (West Africa).

3. (4) Thorax uniformly fuscous ; : , : . dwwersicollis, Pic
4. (3) Thorax yellow with sides fuscous.

5. (6) Basal joints of antennae reddish ; Y : : gabonica, Pic
6. (5) Basal joints of antennae black . : ; : . lineatocollis, Pic
7. (2) Elytra entirely yellow (Uganda) . : . Var. rufipennis, n.

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 373

8. (1) Elytral pubescence directed obliquely outwards on dorsal area, not giving
a banded appearance, last joint of antennae black (9).

9. (10) Upper surface entirely dark violaceous (West Africa) . violacea, sp. Nn.
10. (9) Upper surface more or less fulvous (Nyasaland, etc.).
11. (14) Abdomen beneath entirely black or dark.
12. (13) Thorax fulvous with median black vitta ; apical half of elytra and under-
side blue-black . : : neaver, Sp. N.
13. (12) Thorax entirely fulvous ; ical half of see black . marshallr, sp. n.

14. (11) Abdomen beneath largely yellow.
15. (16) Black, with aan most of carlgee and first four segments of abdomen
yellow : . ‘ : abdominalis, sp. n.
16. (15) Yellow, with head, apex ne outer margin of elytra, tip of abdomen and
tibiae and tarsi of intermediate and posterior legs black
terminalis, sp. n.

A. (Idgiomima) neaver, sp. n.

©. Head and appendages black, thorax rufofulvous with a broad
median black vitta, elytra flavotestaceous in basal half, violaceous
black in apical half, metasternum and abdomen beneath violaceous
black, dorsum of abdomen brilliant violet.

Head and thorax finely rather sparsely punctate and pubescent,
pubescence of elytra mainly nearly decumbent but with a few erect
stiffer bristles; on the inside of a line from the humerus to midway
across the disc near the apex it is directed obliquely backwards and
outwards, and is golden on the anterior half, more cinereous posteriorly;
external to this line it is black and directed backwards, thus forming
an indistinct crest where it meets the dorsal pubescence.

Length.—9 mim.

Locality Nyasaland, Mlanje, Ist to 6th December 1912-1913
(S. A. Neave).

Very distinct in the violet tint of the dark portion of the elytra and
of the underside. In this and in the cinereous colour of the pubes-
cence of the dorsal area of the elytra it resembles the West African
form A. violacea, described below.

A. (Idgiommma) marshalli, sp. n.

Black, with the prothorax, scutellum, and basal half of the elytra
fulvous ; pubescence the same colour as the derm it covers.

Length.—8-9 mm.

Locality.—Mashonaland, Chirinda, December 1901 (G. A. K.

Marshall).
Very similar to N. neaver, but lacking the dark vitta on the thorax,

374 Annals of the South African Museum.

the violet tints of the black of the elytra and underside, and the
cinereous pubescence on the elytra. Nacerda latenigra, Pic, from
Benguela, is described as very similarly coloured.

A. (Idgiomima) abdominalis, sp. n.

Black, with the prothorax, scutellum, elytra except near the tips,
and the first four segments of the abdomen yellow.

Length.—8 mm.

Locality.— Nyasaland, Mlanje, 11th December 1912 (S. A. Neave).

A single specimen from the same locality as NV. neavez, but besides
the difference in colour the thorax is much less strongly cordiform,
with the dorsal impressions less pronounced.

A. (Idgiomimula) terminalis, sp. n.

Flavotestaceous, with the head and antennae, the apex and outer
margins of the elytra, the intermediate and posterior tibiae and tarsi
and the apex of the abdomen black.

S$. Pygidium triangular, projecting considerably beyond the 5th
ventral segment ; apex entire; the 5th ventral segment tapering and
rather deeply angularly emarginate at the apex ; the genital armature
so far as visible without dissection of the single 3 is described above.
The 4th, 5th, and apex of 3rd abdominal segments black.

2. Pygidium triangular, not projecting much beyond the 5th ventral
segment ; the apex only of the latter with black margin.

Length.—7 ram.

Locality.—Nyasaland, Mlanje, December 1912 (S. A. Neave).

Very similar to the preceding, but besides the difference in colour
is of a slighter build with narrower prothorax.

The following West African species appears to be closely related to
A. neavi, from which it differs in its uniformly violaceous colouring.

A. (Idgiomima ?) violacea, sp. n.

Slender, dark violaceous above, with the basal joints of the antennae
beneath, the maxillary and labial palpi testaceous ; under side and legs
piceous with violaceous reflections, clothed with silvery pubescence,
pubescence of upper side blackish, except for a broad dorsal patch
occupying about the median half of the dorsal area of the elytra, and
the scutellum silvery.

Head across the eyes nearly as wide as the elytra, wider than the
prothorax, moderately strongly and densely punctate. Antennae

The Oedemeridae of South Africa. 375

slender, 2nd joint nearly half as long as 3rd (apical joints wanting).
Thorax longer than wide, scarcely wider in front or narrowed behind,
with a pair of moderately deep depressions about the middle, dis-
tinctly more finely and sparsely punctate than the head. KHlytra
densely and strongly punctate, broadest across the shoulders, but
nearly parallel behind them. Anterior tibiae bispinose, basal joint of
posterior tarsi about as long as the rest together including the claws,
but the whole tarsus only about 2 as long as the tibiae ; penultimate
joint not much wider than the preceding, all joints except the claw
joint with dense flavous pubescence beneath ; claws bifid at apex.

3. 5th ventral segment of abdomen massive, as long as the two
preceding together, strongly impressed in the middle; 6th segment
visible as two large broadly rounded lobes.

©. Unknown.

Length.—7-8 mm.

Localatees.—Sierra Leone, Old Calabar.

The facies is that of the Idgiomima group rather than of the hitherto
described species of Asclerosibutia, though the genital characters of
the ¢ are very similar to those of A. diversithorax, Pic. Until the ¢
is known its position must remain more or less doubtful.

FURTHER REFERENCES TO LITERATURE.*

CHAMPIon, G. C.—“ Coleoptera Heteromera from the Seychelle Islands,” Annals
and Mag. of Nat. Hist. (8) xix, 1917, pp. 168-173.

FatRMarire, L.—Annales de la Soc. Ent. Belg., xli, 1897, p. 118.

LaAcorDAIRE, TH.—Genera des Coleoptéres, v, 1859, p. 706.

Pascok, F. P.—Journal of Entomology, ii, 1863, p. 45, note; «bid. 1866, p. 488.

Pic, M.—Mélanges exotico-entomologiques, fasc. 35, 1922, pp. 17-19.

SCHENKLING, §.—In Junk’s Coleopterorum Cat., pars. 65, fam. Oedemeridae, 1915.

SEIDLITZ, G.—Naturgeschichte der Insekten Deutschlands, v, (2) 1899,
pp. 681-968.

SrmENnow, A.—Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 28, 1894, p. 454 note.

* The more important references only are given here, as well as those to papers
of later date than Schenkling’s Catalogue. Full references will be found in that
work.

Wh i Ai mw eae

vi

ahi

(377 }

6. The Pale paneraive of the South African Museum.—By C. H.
CuRRAN, Ottawa, Canada.

(With Plates IX and X.)

THE preparation of the manuscript describing the two-winged flies
of the family Dolichopodidae, contained in the collection of the South
African Museum, was entrusted to the author by the late Dr. Péringuey.
It has been a great pleasure to examine this second collection of
beautiful small flies from South Africa, to redescribe several of the
species and to add several new ones to the list, and my appreciation
of the late Director’s kindness is very great. Including the species
herein described as new, there are now about two score recognised
from South Africa. Undoubtedly there are still many times this
number to be found.

The Dolichopodidae are interesting because of their beautiful
coloration, unexpected development of various appendages, and also
because of the shght knowledge we have of their life-history. They
are often found in large numbers about the edges of pools and streams,
performing their interesting mating evolutions, wherein the males
display their often remarkable sexual developments before the females.
Most of the species will be found crawling about upon the mud, or
even upon the surface of the water, but a few are found almost entirely
upon foliage at not too great a distance from moisture. A few inhabit
the seashore, while others are found upon moist sand, and one or two
genera upon the trunks of trees. Most of them are found almost
entirely in bright sunny patches while a few prefer the shade. Small
moist clearings in woods are favourite haunts of many of them.
Usually several species, and various genera, may be found together.

The classification of the family is generally rather simple where males
are concerned, but the females cause much more difficulty. The
specialisation of the male secondary ‘sexual characters has been
greatly used in separating the genera, as well as the primary separation
upon the large or small genitalia. As the females invariably lack
ornamentation they have been sadly neglected, and the only way to
become familiar with the species is to collect and study both sexes
together. This necessitates the collection of large numbers of
specimens of each species. As it is very often impossible to distin-

378 Annals of the South African Museum.

guish two species in the field, such a practice frequently results in a
pleasant surprise when the material is examined, as one may find
that two or more species have been taken where only one was
suspected.

In the following descriptions I have used the terminology of the
legs, wherein I consider that all the legs are spread out at right angles
to the body. Thus, the anterior surface of a leg is always the same,
the posterior also the same. In this way confusion resulting from
calling the anterior surface of the front leg the inner surface while
the posterior surface of the hind leg is also termed the inner surface
is avoided. For convenience I have also termed the whole back of
the head the occiput, as I see no reason for restricting the term to
the region lying between the vertex and the neck. The other terms
used are those generally employed by students of the family, and
generally accepted by dipterologists. In general I have followed the
descriptions of Loew more or less as to style, and the terminology is
very much the same; I know of no one who has prepared finer
descriptions and see no reason to change the general terminology he
used, except in one or two cases where the meaning was not clear.

It is hoped that the following treatment may prove simple enough
to enable those unfamiliar with the group to determine their specimens
correctly, and that it may thus prove an incentive to a more intensive
study of the family to some one on the ground who has the time to
collect exhaustively. There are still a few species described by Loew,
which I have not seen, and these are naturally not included in the keys.
In addition, several species described in a recently published paper on
“ The Dolichopodidae of South Africa,” in the Annals of the Transvaal
' Museum (vol. x, pt. 4, 1924), are not included in the present work.
As these belong to genera in which only one species is known from South
Africa and they are not represented in the collection, the descriptions
or keys to the species do not appear. Owing to the fact that the
collections have been so small, it does not appear desirable to mono-
graph the family until a great deal more is known about them, as such
a monograph would prove very inadequate within a few years.

The types of all the species described in this paper are deposited in
the South African Museum unless otherwise stated, but in every case
paratypes, at least, will be found there. Where the descriptions are
made from two or more specimens of a sex, paratypes are retained in
the collection of the author.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 379

SYNOPSIS OF THE SoUTH AFRICAN GENERA.

In many cases it is very difficult to place the females of the
Dolichopodidae in their proper genera, and because of this fact almost
all keys are based entirely upon the males, which offer very fine
characters. There are, however, characters available for the separa-
tion of the females in most cases, and where they do not occur it would
be well to consider such inseparable groups as a single genus. Except
in the case of Diaphorus and Chrysotus there need be no question about
the identity of females. I hesitate to unite the genera without
further study, as it is possible that some character is available and
may be discovered by close examination of a large number of species,
which will make the retention of the two generic names possible.

There may be some difficulty in using the following key unless
one is careful to make absolutely certain that a character is present
or absent. Some of the characters I have been forced to use in
order to bring the sexes out together are not very conspicuous. A
magnification of at least twenty times should be used; this enlarge-
ment is sufficient for ordinary identification. Unfortunately, many
specimens are always sure to be in poor condition, and in such cases
a character is very liable to be overlooked. Attention is also called
to the possibility of genera not heretofore reported from South Africa
being collected, in which case the synopsis will prove unsatisfactory ;
on the other hand aberrant forms of a genus may not trace out.

1. Fourth vein with a widely divergent fork beyond the posterior cross-vein, the
angle usually emitting a stump of vein towards the posterior wing margin
or the last section of the fourth vein forms a cross-vein ; thorax rather
squarish (cf. Vaalimyian. gen. See figs. lto 5) . : : j 2

Fourth vein without a widely divergent fork, though often with a strong
curvature forward ; thorax not squarish in any known South African genus,
but rectangular; (in Vaalimyia, fig. 6) there are three sections of the fourth
vein beyond the posterior cross-vein, one rectangular 3 y wD ats)

2. Second and third longitudinal veins almost touching each other along their
whole length, and clearly united for a distance before joining the costa ;
genitalia extended behind the abdomen which is rather strongly arcuate

when viewed from the side : : : é Sciopolina Curran
Second and third veins distinctly ore tia for their whole length ; genitalia
hidden, drooping, or extended forward under the abdomen . : es:

3. Arista apical. : : : . Chrysosoma Guer.
Arista dorsal (often appearing alist apical) ; é : ‘ Sn ie

4, Scutellum with four large bristles : : . Condylostylus Bigot

Scutellum with two bristles ‘ 4 ; . . ; : aly

380 Annals of the South African Museum.

5. Front hollowed out, saddle-shaped, the ocellar triangle slightly raised (Sciopus,

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

Wie

not original spelling) : 5 ; ; A : Sciapus Zeller
Front scarcely concave, only slightly lowered below the upper level of the eyes.
(Probably not South African.) . : : ; Leptorhetum Aldrich

. Anterior femora with spines beneath . . : . Hydrophorus Fallen
Anterior femora not with spines, often with long bristles ; . Ba

. Mesopleura produced as a thumb-like strip along the posterior edge of the
anterior coxae ; 3 : Liancalus Loew
Mesopleura normal, not sngduinoa as hesorbed : : : 5 BA) co)

. A distinctly concave area before the scutellum usually covering nearly the

posterior third of the mesonotum . 5 : ; : «ND

Mesonotum convex behind, at most a more or less evident transverse depression
before the scutellum 5 : : : : : 5 : « Lt

. Arista inserted on a deep notch in the end of the third antennal joint ; face

wide, concave above, the lower portion projecting rather roof-like above the
palpi. : : . 5 : : ; . Aphrosylus Walker
Arista dorsal or subapical; face often more or less concave above, due to
contraction . : 5 : ‘ ; 5 : : : MO
Male genitalia pendulous, extending forward to near the base of the abdomen ;
abdomen of female rather flattened ; always dark coloured, not bright metallic
flies 5 : : 4 ; : , : : Medetera Fischer
Male genitalia not pendulous, short, not reaching forward ; abdomen elongate,
more or less cylindrical or laterally compressed; metallic or yellowish

species ; : : : : X : . Neurigona Rondani
First antennal joint with hairs above . ; : : : : Eas
First anter:nal joint bare above . : ; ‘ : ‘ : ae 115)

The fourth longitudinal vein is broken at a ha angle beyond the posterior
cross-vein (fig. 6). : : ; 2 Vaalimyia gen. nov.
The fourth longitudina! vein is not ere at a right angle, but may be strongly
curved : 6 : 5 ; : ; : ; : . lls
Face narrowest at upper third or fourth, quite strongly widened below, and
reaching nearly or quite to the lower edge of the eyes T'achytrechus Walker
Face with parallel sides or narrowest below, usually quite evidently shorter and
seldom reaching to the lowest level of the eyes . : : ; . 14
Arista short plumose ; face reaching as a triangle almost to the lowest level
of the eyes . ; : : . , : . Pelastoneurus Loew
Arista at most short pubescent, not er ; face of female not nearly reaching
the lowest level of the eyes 3 : . Hercostomus Loew

The costa extends only to or slightly rece the tip of the third vein
Asyndetus Loew

The costa reaches to the fourth vein or a little beyond . : : . 16
Anterior tarsi without claws, the pulvilli much enlarged . Diaphorus Mg. s.s.
Anterior tarsi with claws. : : : ; : i : ALN

Apex of the abdomen with four stout bristles; pulvilli usually enlarged on
front legs. (Sub-gen. Lyroneurus Loew) . : : Diaphorus Mg.
Apex of abdomen not with unusually strong bristles : ; : . 18

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 381

18. Arista inserted in a deep emargination of the third antennal joint slightly
above the middle of the apex; abdomen flattened; rather greyish species

Aphrosylus Walker
Arista not inserted in a deep emargination near apex of the third antennal
joint ; abdomen variable ; ; pean 9)

19. The last section of the fourth vein an proaches the shina very Enel beyond
its middle and then runs parallel with it to end in the costa close to it

Tenuopus Curran

The last section of the fourth vein is never more than moderately bent forward

20

20. Face narrowest at upper third, widened below . : 5 il
Face with parallel sides or narrowest below (allowance must be mare for con-
traction in some cases) . 3 : . 22

21. Species over 5 mm. ; filaments of pniialie fonok aes of nbdneien
Thinophilus Wahl,

Species under 3 mm., the genitalia are hidden or very small . 5 5 8)
22. Arista dorsal . : ; : . 24
Arista apical or nearly so. : ; . 25

23. Arista distinctly dorsal ; PC heae of siiate ph six segment
Sympycnus Loew
Arista subapical ; abdomen of male with five segments Chrysotus Meigen
24. Second two abdominal segments yellow with the narrow apices green, or with
an additional narrow median vitta . . : . Diaphorus Meigen
These two segments differently marked, never so extensively yellow ; abdomen
more or less cylindrical and more elongate : ; Sympycnus Loew
25. The females of Chrysotus and Diaphorus will usually trace out here. I know
of no definite separation except association with the males at time of capture.
Note.—It is often possible to tell whether a female belongs to a genus in which
the genitalia of the male are pendulous by the presence of one to several fine hairs
in the cavity above the anterior edge of the hind coxae, but this character is not
always reliable. There are a few other genera which also possess these hairs,
and some of those with pendulous genitalia lack them. Some species may be
placed in their genera by the presence of only one bristle on the outer surface of
the hind coxa. It must be remembered that these characters are not stable
within a genus, but they may be of assistance where males and females taken at

the same time are difficult to associate.

Chrysosoma Guer.

Of the four described species recorded from South Africa three are
represented in the collection.

Synopsis of Species.

1. Cilia of the squamae white . : ; 4 . flexuwm Loew
Cilia of the squama black or brown, one or tsa) hairs may be white sae
2. Front tibiae black or brown ; : : : : DER
Front tibiae yellow, the middle ones sienilard in i alour : . munror Curran
3. Knobs of halteres yellow ; , : : 5 : ernestum Curran

Knobs of halteres black F : 5 r . auratum Curran.

382 Annals of the South African Museum.

Chrysosoma auratum Curran.
Curran, Ann. Transv. Mus., vol. x, pt. 4, p. 217, pl. vi, fig. 2, 1924.

Length, 4-5 mm. Male.—Face wide above; only half as wide at
the lower edge as at the antennae, retreating; shining green, the
sides bronzed. Front brilliant green, the small lateral upper triangles
bronzed. Antennae black, the third joint brown pubescent, short,
subconical ; arista slender, equal in length to the thorax. Palpi
small, black, with fine white hairs and two black apical bristles ;
proboscis red. Occiput black, greyish pollinose, the beard white.
The lower section of the face bears some fine white pubescence.

Mesonotum and upper portion of the pleura in front metallic green,
merging to blue behind, the pleura blackish, with a green reflection
and thinly greyish-white pollinose. There is a slight indication of a
bronze vitta on the anterior fourth of the mesonotum inside the humeri
and a little white pollen on either side of the middle line on the anterior
slopes. Acrosticals on anterior half only, rather strong.

Legs black, the femora with a greenish tinge, the tarsi brownish
black. Femora below with a row of sparse white cilia on both the
anterior and posterior surface, those on the hind femora longest ;
anterior and posterior femora with a row of ciliate hairs on the postero-
dorsal surface, the hind ones also with a row of shorter black hairs
on the antero-dorsal surface. Tibiae simple, with normal bristles.
First joint of the anterior tarsi about three-fourths as long as the
second, its apical third and the following joint with the tarsal pad
composed of brownish hairs which are at least half as long as the width
of the joints, otherwise simple.

Wings cinereous hyaline, venation normal. Squamae brown, with
black fringe ; halteres brown.

Abdomen blue, the last two segments green, all the incisures blackish,
the inner portion of the first segment purplish, the sides of each
segment more or less bronzed. Hair on the sides of the abdomen
long, black; also partly black on the disc, but there is shorter and
finer hair on this part which is very evidently golden yellow in some
views. Genitalia small, black, with short, semi-lunulate black outer
lamellae which bear black hairs.

Female.—Pollen of face a little more reddish brown; front very
wide. The knobs of the halteres are reddish. Tibiae wholly brown.
Length, 3 mm.

One male and female have the proboscis brown and this male is
smaller, only 3-5 mm. The brown tibiae distinguishes the female

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Musewm. 385

from munrot, while the brownish pollinose face distinguishes both
sexes from pernigrum Beck.

There is a male specimen in the collection collected by Mr. R. W. E.
Tucker at Kaapmuiden, Transvaal, 30th October 1918, agreeing
perfectly with the type, and 39, Nyaka, Port. H. Africa, February
1924, collected by Mr. R. F. Lawrence.

Chrysosoma munrov Curran. :
Curran, Ann. Transv. Mus., vol. x, pt. 4, p. 218, pl. vi, fig. 3, 1924.

Length, 3-5 to 4 mm. Male.—Face bright green, more bluish in the
middle above, rather thinly covered with snow-white pollen to just
above the antennae ; lower portion of the face distinctly separated,
subcordate. Front bright green, the small upper lateral angles
brassy, the black hairs restricted to these small angles. Antennae
small, black ; third joint cordate; arista as long as the thorax,
slightly thickened basally. Occiput opaque, black on upper part,
white pollinose below. Palpi black, with fine white hairs, in front
with two prominent black bristles ; proboscis brownish.

Mesonotum brassy green; pleura green, with a covering of thin
white pollen, only blackish in ground colour about the wing root.
On the disc of the mesonotum is a pair of moderately wide bronze-
brassy vittae, situated on the anterior half and separated from each
other by the middle line. Acrosticals fairly large.

Legs black, the anterior four tibiae dirty yellowish. First joint of
the anterior tarsi nearly three times as long as the second; legs
otherwise simple.

Wings cinereous hyaline ; venation normal. Squamae and halteres
brown, the former black ciliate.

Abdomen bright green, the basal half of the segments somewhat
bronzed, the incisures blackish. Pile and hairs black. Genitalia
small, the outer lamellae extremely long, slender, blackish, their hairs
blackish ; inner lamellae long, almost straight.

Female.—The face is slightly wider below, its sides more evenly
converging, the lower part broader and less distinctly cut off; knobs
of halteres yellow ; otherwise agreeing in all respects.

This species is represented by eight specimens from the following
localities: 23 32, M’fongosi, Zululand (W. E. Jones); ¢, Tsumeb,
S. W. Africa, December 1919 (R. W. Tucker) ; 39, Masiene, Port. E.
Africa, December 1923 (R. F. Lawrence). 3 ene

VOL, XXIII, PART 2. 25

384 Annals of the South African Museum.

Chrysosoma flecum Loew.

A beautiful large species, readily recognised by the characters
shown in figs. 10, 10a, and 100. 7

Length, 7-5 mm. Male.—Head green, not polished; lower portion
of face and lower third or less of upper portion, except large sublateral
projections downwards, densely greyish yellow pollinose; antennal
region with brownish pollen except a yellow triangular spot im-
mediately above and between the antennae. Face and front wide.
Beard whitish. Proboscis reddish, with blackish base. Palpi reddish,
with some fine whitish hairs and three long black bristles. Antennae
black; first two joints metallic green above; third joint with a
reddish triangle on basal half below, the joint triangular longer than
wide ; arista about as long as the head and thorax together.

Mesonotum green, not polished, more or less bluish violaceous in
the middle and on the scutellum, which is evenly gently convex and
bears two long black bristles. Pleura and coxae grey pollinose, the
former chiefly green.

Coxae black, with white lair and black bristles; front coxa with
two bristles. Legs reddish; trochanters and basal sixth of femora
black. Anterior and posterior tarsi black, the middle ones with the
apices of the first to third joints and the remaining joints black, the
first joint with a broad basal and preapical whitish band, brownish
yellow between, the bases of the two following joints yellow (fig. 100).
Anterior femora with appressed black hairs above, elsewhere with
long white hairs which are longer than the width of the femur and
decrease in length to the apical fourth where they disappear ; middle
and hind femora with a row of long, fine cilia below, which decrease
as on the front legs, mostly black, but several of the basal ones pale.
Anterior tibiae with three short bristles ; middle ones with three dorsal
bristles—one at the basal fourth, shorter than the thickness of the
tibia, one at the basal third, one-and-one-half as long as thickness of
the tibia, and one at the apical third about four times as long as tibial
thickness, and a stouter much shorter bristle behind it on the postero-
ventral surface. The middle basitarsi bear three long slender bristles
as shown in the figure, and their pile is black except on the upper side
of the fifth tarsal segment where it is white. Legs otherwise with
normal black hair.

Wings as in fig. 10, their markings deep brown. Squamae yellow,
with black border and yellowish cilia. Halteres rather dull
ferruginous.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 385

Abdomen bright green, the incisures narrowly black, the sides
broadly bronzed, becoming black below, these colours covering all the
apical segment. Genitalia (fig. 10a) black, with black hairs except
behind the slender arms of the outer lamellae, where the pile is
yellowish.

Described from a single 3, Nyaka, Port. H. Africa, February 1924,
collected by Mr. R. F. Lawrence.

C. senegalense has six or seven bristles on the middle tarsi, lacks
the white bands and has noticeably different genitalia.

Sciapus Zeller.

Of this genus there are three species in the collection, one from
Uganda undescribed. The forms occurring in South Africa, including
the East African species, in the collection may be separated as
follows :—

1. Thorax and abdomen reddish yellow, the latter with narrow, dark segmental

apices : : ; ‘ : 3 : peringuey? n. sp.
Thorax and abdomen metallic, green or bluish : : : He he

2. Kemora black ; wings chiefly blackish (Uganda) . . subfascipennis n. sp.
Femora yellow ; wings without black markings : : : : uN)

3. Posterior femora with a row of long black bristles below flavirostris Loew
Posterior femora not black ciliate below : ; . trochanteralis Curran

Sciapus peringuey? ni. sp.
(Figs. 1, la, 10.)

A rather large yellowish species, the apices of the abdominal seg-
ments narrowly black; genital lamellae very long and filamentous.

Length, 7 to 7-5 mm. Male.—Head metallic green in ground colour,
covered everywhere with dense greyish and greyish-yellow pollen, the
face more argenteous, but the front has two longitudinal metallic
violaceous-blue, sub-triangular, bare spots which may be confluent
on the middle line. Face moderately wide, narrowed to the lower
edge. Occipital cilia not numerous, brownish or black, short,
limited to the upper edge of the head, the hair on the back of the
head yellowish. Palpi rather large, twice as long as wide, elongate
oval, with rather abundant long hair, especially on the apex and
inner margin. Antennae reddish orange, the third joint darker except
basally, subtriangular in shape, about as long as wide; arista brown,
slender, about as long as the face (fig. 10).

Thorax yellowish, the mesonotum rusty yellowish, with a metallic

VOL. XXIII, PART 2. 26

386 Annals of the South African Museum.

violaceous reflection, sometimes with a more violet, incomplete,
obscure median vitta; the pleura with a small, sub-triangular black
spot beneath the root of the wings. Scutellum mostly violaceous,
with a more greenish apex, but the lower margin and under side are
yellowish. Pleura pale pollinose.

Legs yellowish, the apical tarsal joints becoming fuscous ; simple,
without unusual hairs or bristles. Coxae all pale, with yellowish hair
and bristles. Hair of the legs black.

Wings tinged with yellowish, the venation as in fig. 1. Squamae
and halteres yellowish, the former with a narrow brown margin and
yellowish cilia.

Abdomen rusty yellowish, elongate, slightly tapering, the apex of
each segment except the first bronze-black, the last segment almost
wholly bronzed except the sides. Venter wholly pale. Genitalia
yellow, shaped as in fig. la, the long outer lamellae brownish except
on the basal fifth, the inner lamellae wholly pale. Hairs of the
abdomen black, yellow on the sides and venter.

Female.—Differs chiefly sexually. The second, third, and fourth
abdominal segments have narrower dark apices, the remainder of the
abdomen pale. Fifth segment as long as the two preceding together,
subconical in shape; the genitalia bear four short, stout, obtuse
spines, the dorsal pair longer than the outer ones.

Type male, Cape Town, 1913; type female, same locality, both
collected by Dr. Péringuey. Two male paratypes from Cape Town
were collected in January 1912, by Mr. Lightfoot.

This species is evidently related to S. unicolor Becker from Hast
Africa, but it is smaller, the thorax is shining and the front is not
‘““ metallic black.” S.adumbratus Becker, from Egypt, is also a pale-
coloured species but it has the front “ grey pollinose.” Probably the
genitalia are quite different.

Sciapus subfascipennis n. sp.
(Fig. 2, Wing.)

Wings blackish, with the hind margin and a fascia beyond the
middle almost hyaline.

Length, 5-5 mm. Female.—Face wide, gradually widened above,
rather bright green with purplish reflections on the middle portion,
brownish-ochreous pollinose, but thinly so on the upper section,
especially in the middle. Front metallic, almost black below, becom-
ing green above, not pollinose. Occiput green, thinly greyish pollinose

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 387

and white pilose, except above. Palpi black, brownish pollinose,
black haired ; proboscis brownish red. Antennae brownish red, the
first joint blackish ; second joint with a long bristle above and two
or three short ones below. Arista slender, black, longer than head
width.

Mesonotum blue-green, evenly thinly greyish pollinose, the sides
almost black; scutellum blue, convex, with two black bristles.
Pleura green, grey pollinose.

Coxae greenish, grey pollinose, the front ones yellowish pilose, with
several black bristles, the others bearing only black hair. Femora
shining black; the anterior ones with a row of yellowish cilia on the
postero-ventral surface, the middle ones with shorter, black cilia on
the same surface but a few of the basal hairs are pale. Hair of the
legs elsewhere black. Anterior four tibiae, basal four-fifths of the
middle basitarsus, and first two joints of the front tarsi, yellowish; the
hind tibiae, their tarsi wholly, and the joints of the front tarsi not
described as yellowish, black. Posterior tibiae with six or seven long
black bristles above and about the same number of short, weak ones
below. First joint of anterior tarsi twice as long as the last four
joints combined, of the middle and hind tarsi one-and-one-half times
as long as the remaining joints. Middle basitarsus with six or seven
conspicuous short bristles below.

Wings blackish, with pale markings and venation as shown in fig. 2.
Squamae black, with black cilia. Halteres fuscous reddish.

Abdomen blue, with some greenish reflections, the narrow base and
apex of each segment blackish; the whole thinly greyish pollinose,
the hairs and bristles black; genitalia furcate, destitute of spines.

Described from a female collected by Mr. R. Dummer at Mulange,
Uganda, in November 1922.-

Sciapus flavirosiris Loew.

Length, g,5mm.; 9,4mm. Male.—Face rather wide, its upper
section transverse, gently convex, only slightly more prominent above,
bright blue, the upper part yellowish pollinose, the lower portion more
thickly white pollinose. Front green, merging into blue below,
without pollen. Occiput bluish, clothed with dense greyish-yellow
pollen; beard white. Antennae brown, the small third joint sub-
cordate, its slender arista almost as long as the thorax, inserted near
the upper margin. Palpi and proboscis yellow, with yellow hairs, the
palpi each with two black bristles. .

Mesonotum bright green, the posterior third and the scutellum

388 Annals of the South African Museum. |

usually violaceous; pleura green, covered with dense, greyish-white
pollen, a violaceous spot beneath the squamae, which, together with
the halteres, are yellow, the former white ciliate.

Anterior coxae and all the legs yellow, the former with a small
black basal spot on the outer side, their white hair moderately long,
fairly coarse and rather abundant, and three somewhat stronger hairs
are evident on the apical half towards the outer margin; posterior
four coxae black and green, with greyish pollen and whitish hair.
Posterior four tarsi deep brown from the apex of the first joint, the
front ones gradually becoming brownish. Beneath each femur is a
row of black cilia composed of moderately long slender black bristles,
those on the hind femora the longest ; the anterior four femora also
have a fringe of whitish hairs on the antero-ventral edge but these
hairs are much shorter than the cilia, the hairs elsewhere on the legs
appressed, black. Front tibiae with a row of short slender black
bristles on the posterior edge and an unusually long slender hair on
the apical third of this surface. The first joint of all the tarsi is as
long as the remaining joints combined.

Wings cinereous hyaline ; posterior cross-vein oblique.

First abdominal segment violaceous, second blue, their sides and
the following segments green, but the bases of the following segments
are increasingly more widely black, this colour expanding as lateral
triangles, which, on the penultimate segment, occupy its whole length ;
dorsum thinly greyish pollinose in some lights, the hairs and bristles
black, the broad sides at the base, however, with whitish hairs.
Genitalia blackish, somewhat bronzed, the inner lamellae brown, the
outer yellow, slightly tapering to their somewhat widened end, clothed
with pale hair, but the ventral and apical bristles black.

Female.—Head as in the male, the face green. Thorax wholly green,
the scutellum blue; apical cross-vein less oblique. Trochanters
yellow, the anterior coxae with three prominent bristles and short
white hair. Tarsal lengths similar; abdomen green.

In the collection are the following :—g, Inhambane, Port. EH. Africa,
January 1924; 3g 39, Nyaka, Port. H. Africa, February 1924, all
collected by Mr. R. F. Lawrence.

Condylostylus Bigot.

Four species belonging to this genus are represented in the collection

and may be separated as follows :—

1, Anterior coxae greenish or blackish : ‘ 5 . angustipennis Loew
Anterior coxae practically wholly yellowish . ‘ ; : : « e

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 389

2. Cilia of the squamae pale. : ; : ; : : : ae ie
Cilia of the squamae black . : sicatrix n. sp.

3. Posterior femora black or brown on at eat the Weioal fifth 5 : ate
Posterior femora with only a narrow apical blackish spot (¢mitator Curr., non
Becker) (2 only) : : : : ; ‘ $ imitans n. name

4. Female (Uganda) : 3 : . pateraeformis Becker
Males seis ED

5. Posterior cross-vein sieall prasad of ne apex of ite sceond Pneieacinal
vein (Uganda) : : : : . pateraeformis Becker
Posterior cross-vein well Hora apex of bana vein: (¢mitator Curr., non
Becker) . : ; : : : : : wmtans n. name

Condylostylus sicatrix n. sp.
(Figs. 3, 3a.)

Readily distinguished from all described species by the peculiar,
elongate, cicatrix-like blackish area on the anterior surface of the
hind tibia near the base.

Length, 455 mm. Male.—Face wide, bulbous above, strongly
narrowed to lower edge, brilliant blue-green, the lower part white
pollinose. Front wide, blue or blue-green. Occiput whitish-grey
pollinose, fine white pilose below, bright green in ground colour.
Palpi and proboscis reddish yellow, the former sometimes darker and
black haired. Antennae black, the third joint subcordate, more
brownish ; second joint with numerous long black bristles; arista
dorsal, slender, longer than the head width.

Thorax greenish blue to green, the pleura whitish pollinose. Anterior
coxae reddish yellow, the others brown, with pale tips, all whitish
pollinose and with white hairs, those on the front ones not abundant
but long. Legs reddish yellow, the anterior four tarsi brownish from
the tip of the first jomt, the apical fourth of the hind tibiae and their
tarsi wholly black and adorned with a cicatrix as described previously
(fig. 3a). Anterior femora with a row of sparse, longish hairs below,
the middle ones with a row on the basal half and some black ones on
the posterior apical half, the hind ones with a row of stouter black ones
on the postero-ventral surface. Legs with black hairs; tibiae not
with distinctive bristling. Anterior tarsi simple; middle basitarsus
as long as remaining joints, beset beneath with conspicuous short
spines and with a strong, subapical ventral spine; above on the apical
three-fourths there is a narrow thickly short pilose ridge and the apex
is produced lappet-like over the second segment. The tarsi are other-
wise normal with rather conspicuous hair.

Wings tinged with grey which fades out posteriorly. Squamae

390 Annals of the South African Museum.

yellow, with black fringe. Halteres pale yellow, with fuscous
base.

Abdomen green, the bases of the segments broadly blackish, each
segment becoming successively more bronzed, passing from brassy at
the base to almost purple on the last segment which is very brilliant.
Each segment bears a posterior row of long black bristles, the hairs
black ; first segment largely, the venter wholly, white pilose. Genitalia
bronze-black, shaped as in fig. 3, the lamellae brownish or yellowish
brown with black hairs.

Type, male, Matroosberg, Ceres Div., November 1917, and three
males from the same locality, January 1917, all collected by Mr.
Lightfoot.

Condylostylus angustipennis Loew.
(Fig. 4.)

Legs black ; front four tibiae and bases of their tarsi yellowish in
the female.

Length, 5 mm. Male.—Face wide, strongly narrowed below, bright
green, the lower part thickly, the sides and middle less thickly or
scarcely silvery-greyish pollinose. Front brilliant green, the occiput
of the same colour but thinly greyish pollinose, the lower half white
pilose. Palpi black, with long black hairs; proboscis reddish brown.
Antennae black, the second joint with abundant long bristly hairs,
the third truncately elongate-oval, the dorsal black arista slender and
longer than the head width (fig. 4).

Thorax bright green, the mesonotum, except the sides, bluish or
purplish, the scutellum similar, with four strong marginal and one or
two pairs of discal bristles. Pleura greyish pollinose.

Coxae and legs blackish, the coxae, femora and part of the tibiae
somewhat greenish, the former grey pollinose and whitish pilose.
Middle femora with rather long black cilia on the antero- and postero-
ventral surfaces, the hind ones with similar cilia on the antero-ventral
edge, the front four with long black hairs behind, the front ones with
some long, pale hairs on the basal half below. Tibiae with black hairs
rather longer than usual, the middle ones with a long, black, preapical
dorsal bristle, but not otherwise distinctively ornamented. Middle
basitarsi with rather conspicuous hairs which make them appear
widened, and beneath on each edge with an outwardly directed row
of stout spinules, the anterior row longer, and on the apical half
the upper half of the joint is greatly compressed, as though crushed.

Wings smoky brownish, paler behind and apically. Large cross-

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 391

vein oblique, its anterior end less than the length of the cross-vein
from the angle of the fourth vein. Squamae and halteres blackish,
the former black ciliate. |

Abdomen bronze-coloured, the base more green, the base of each
segment broadly blackish. Genitalia black, but somewhat bronzed
towards the base, the appendages and hairs black. The abdominal
venter bears long, bristly hairs and those on the dorsum are longer
than usual.

Female.—Face with the sides evenly converging below and the
pollen yellowish. Front with a rather thin brownish-yellow covering
of pollen ; hairs of the antennae shorter, the third joint as broad as
long, its apex obtusely rounded. The mesonotum is conspicuously
brownish-yellow pollinose. Legs simple. Abdomen with conspicuous
greyish pollen. Knobs of halteres yellow. Ovipositor with six scale-
shaped bristles.

A male and female from Kar Kloof, Natal, June 1915, collected by
Mr. H. W. Bell-Marley. This is the first record since the species was
described.

Condylostylus wmitans n. 0.

C. wmitator Curran, Ann. Transv. Mus., vol. x, pt. 4, p. 221, 1924,
non Becker.

Male readily distinguished by wing venation (fig. 9). Female wings
almost as in fig. 5a (C. pateraeformis Beck.), but the hind femora are
only very narrowly black apically.

Length, 3,6 mm.,9,5mm. Male.—Yace quite narrow, somewhat
widened on upper fourth, silvery-white pollinose to well above the
antennae. Front polished blue or dark green; vertex green with
whitish pollen ; occiput black, grey pollinose, on upper fourth with
a row of very short black bristles; beard not long, white. Face
entirely without pile. Proboscis brownish; palpi black, with black
hairs and perhaps more or less silvery pollinose. Antennae black ;
third joint rounded at apex, the arista rising at its basal third, shorter
than the head height, thickened only at the base.

Mesonotum bright green, whitish pollinose in front; notopleura,
pleura and coxae, silvery-grey pollinose; sides of dorsum opaque black
between suture and wing-root. Scutellum evenly gently convex ;
with four strong bristles.

Anterior legs, including the coxae, yellow, the anterior basitarsi
very much widened, more or less concave beneath, basally along the
posterior margin with three short bristles among the dense woolly

392 Annals of the South African Museum.

hair below and in front with a row of short, downwardly directed
marginal bristles along the whole length (none of these show in fig. 9},
which is a dorsal view) anterior tarsi brown, the basal joint brownish
yellow ; middle femora usually broadly brown above except on base,
sometimes wholly brown or only brownish on upper apical half
(tenerals) ; middle tibiae yellow or brownish yellow, their tarsi wholly
blackish. Posterior legs wholly brownish or black except about the
basal half of the femora, but sometimes wholly brown or with about
two-thirds yellowish. Coxae pale haired, their bristles black, the
anterior pair with three bristles on each. All the femora with a row
of fine white hairs on either side below, these as long as more than
half the femoral width. Hairs of legs elsewhere black and short.
Middle tarsi with the apical two joints conspicuously widened, the third
gradually so, all three with rather longish stout black hairs behind.

Wings as in fig. 9, the clouds brown. Squamae with brown border
and pale cilia. Halteres yellow.

Abdomen green, the narrow apices and increasingly wide bases of
the segments dull bronzed, apically becoming purplish bronzed, the
terminal one or two segments usually wholly of this colour. Genitalia
(fig. 9a) black. Hairs and bristles of the abdomen and genitalia black.

Female.—(Original description C. «amitator). “‘ Length, 5 mm.
Female.—Front brilliant green, face narrow, silvery-white pollinose.
Antennae black, the third joint with evident yellowish pubescence,
cordate, the dorsal arista slender, not quite as long as the thorax.
Occiput white pollinose ; beard white. Palpi black, with a fringe of
sparse, rather long white hairs on the lower edge ;_ proboscis black.

‘“ Legs, including the front coxae and all the trochanters, yellow,
the tarsi, except the basal three-fourths of the anterior four basitarsi,
brown or black. Middle tibiae with one sub-basal black bristle on the
antero-dorsal surface and two apical spines.

“Wings hyaline, with a brown cloud as shown in fig. 7 (almost
as in fig. 5a of the present paper).

‘““ Abdomen bronze-green, varying from brassy to cupreous in certain
lights, the apical segments brilliant bluish, the incisures blackish or
dark bronze; hair black.

“ Described from a single female from Kandahar, January 27, 1918
(Fause).”’

There are in the collection: 2g, Nyaka, Port. H. Africa, February
1924; 3, 29, Masiene, Port. E. Africa, December 1923; 39, Inham-
bane, Port. E. Africa, January 1924, all collected by Mr. R. F.

Lawrence.

EE

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 393

Condylostylus pateraeformis Becker.
(Figs. 5, 5a.)
Syn: Condylostylus alter Beck. Ent. Mitt., vol. xii, p. 39, 1923.

Readily distinguished in the male by the peculiar wing venation
(fig. 5), shape of genitalia and middle tarsi; the female is quite
different, the wings being marked by two black costally connected
fasciae, the legs paler, etc.

Length,5to6mm. Male.—Face narrow, with nearly parallel sides
on the lower half, moderately, gradually broadened above, argenteous
white pollinose. Front rather narrow, brilliant dark blue. Occiput
green, greyish pollinose, the beard white. Palpi small, black, black
haired ; proboscis reddish brown. Antennae black, the third joint
but little larger than the second which has only the usual dorsal and
ventral bristles ; arista black, slender, but little longer than the face.

Mesonotum bright blue, often more or less brassy green in front
where there is also a broad band of whitish pollen. Pleura greyish
white pollinose. Scutellum with more or less violaceous reflection.

Anterior coxae yellow, with narrow brown base, the others brownish
with pale apices, greyish pollinose and with fine white pile, the anterior
ones with several black bristles. Femora, hind legs wholly, and all
the tarsi, black; the bases and apices of the femora, more or less, and
the anterior four tibiae, yellowish, although the middle tibiae may be
brownish yellow and are always broadly brown or blackish on the
apex. Front legs missing. Femora without unusually long hairs
beneath, although the fine, pale hairs are almost as long as the width
of the femora. Middle tibiae slightly swollen on the middle portion
and also at the apex, their tarsi with the last three joints strongly
broadened and with black marginal hair. Hind legs simple.

Wings hyaline, with black markings and venation as shown in fig. 5.
Squamae and halteres black, the former with just the corners brown
and bearing white cilia.

Abdomen blue, the apical segment bronzed, the broad bases and
sides of the segment blackish bronze and subopaque on the immediate
base. Genitalia black, the outer lamellae brown, with brownish hairs.
Abdomen with black hairs and bristles.

Female.—This sex was described by Becker as a distinct species,
but he suspected that it was the female of pateraeformis, which is
undoubtedly the case. Face about twice as wide as in the male, but
still narrow for a female, more or less greenish above. Wings as in
fig. 5a, the markings blackish. Femora and front four tibiae reddish

394 Annals of the South African Museum.

yellow, the hind femora broadly black on the apex ; base of anterior
four tarsi paler than the apical joints. Legs simple. Abdomen
differing only sexually.

There are 8 females and 1 male from Mulange, Uganda, collected
in November 1922 by Mr. R. Dummer. These specimens are from
the type locality (Uganda). In his description of the female Becker
included South African and Ugandan material, but it appears probable
that the South African specimens represent the species I have described
as C. imitator (see wmitans above). Should Becker have selected his
type from the South African specimens his C. alter would be a good
species, but this seems unlikely, and it will be impossible to definitely
decide the status of these species until the types are compared.
Becker’s description and figure agree with the females described above
much better than with imitans.

Hercostomus Loew.

There are representatives of four species of Hercostomus in the
collection, two of them new to science.

Table of Species.

Males.

1. Anterior tarsi with the two subapical joints greatly enlarged, the apical one
slightly so and white in colour; abdomen partly luteous a Curran
Anterior tarsi plain or practically so. 2
2. Apical joint of front tarsi whitish and ee a 5 hee tarsi eiiath black
from middle of first joint . —.. 5 : nectarophagus Curran *
Front tarsi black from apex of first canes ; apical three joints of hind tarsi
argenteous in front . ; é ; : : : argyropus Loew

Females,

1. Abdomen either with pale fasciae or lateral yellow spots on the second and
usually the third segments : : : : : ; 2
Abdomen greenish, at most the venter ello : : : 3

2. Base of abdomen luteous, except the apices of the sadn and third segments
perturbus Curran

Second and usually the third segment with yellow, rounded, lateral triangles
nectarophagus Curran
3. Posterior tibiae with well differentiated black or brown apex argyropus Loew
Posterior tibiae without blackish apex, if darker than the base the infuscation is
extremely gradual and slight . : : , : é 4
4, Posterior coxae wholly pale ; antennae anor all leis ; eronts N. Sp.

Posterior coxae brown on outer side ; first two antennal joints reddish yellow
disjectus n. sp.

* Rev. Zool. Afric., vol. xii, p. 470, 1924.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 399

Hercostomus perturbus Curran.

Curran, Ann. Transv. Mus., vol. x, pt. 4, p. 225, pl. vu, figs. 10a,
106, 1924.

Length, 4:25 mm. Male.—Face very narrow below, six times as
wide at the antennae, silvery white. Front silvery white in some
views, only the ocellar area brownish. Occiput blackish green, with
some reddish-brown pollen. Antennae brownish, the last two joints
missing. Palpi small, white; proboscis reddish yellow.

Mesonotum rather dark olive-greenish black, with moderately thin
greyish-brown pollen; prothorax entirely, the humeri, the border of
all the pleural sclerites, the coxae and the legs, yellowish, the pleural
sclerites greenish black, but densely whitish or greyish pollinose, so
that the ground colour is largely obscured. Scutellum dark green,
its apex only slightly convex, its two large bristles black.

Coxae with black hairs. Middle and hind tibiae each with three
antero-dorsal and two dorsal black bristles. Front tarsi brown, the
last joint yellow, the first two joints subequal in length, the following
joints much compressed and widened, almost straight on the lower
edge, the upper edge strongly convex, widest just beyond the middle
of the fourth joint, the fifth joint but little widened ; the dorsal fringe
of hairs is conspicuously white on the apical third of the fourth
and whole of the fifth joints, elsewhere black. Middle tarsi
brown from the apex of the first joint, the posterior ones wholly
so. First joint of the posterior tarsi distinctly shorter than the
second.

Wings slightly tinged with brownish, the fourth vein rather strongly
approaching the third. Squamae and halteres yellow, the former
black ciliate.

First three segments of the abdomen brownish red, the fourth with
a lateral spot of the same colour, the apices of the second and third
and the whole of the remaining segments shining blackish, with some
evident brownish-red pollen, especially noticeable laterally. The
short hairs are rather tawny, the usual short bristles black. The first
two sections of the genitalia are brownish, the remainder yellow. The
outer genital lamellae are moderately small, fringed with dense
whitish or yellowish hair.

Female.—The face is wider and the usual concavity is present.
The front is shining not silvery-white pollinose, but rather purplish ;
third antennal joint as wide as long, the apex rounded. Legs simple,
reddish yellow, the femora brownish at apex above, the posterior tarsi

396 Annals of the South African Museum.

wholly, the last two or three joints of the remaining tarsi pale
brownish.

A female from East London, collected by Mr. Lightfoot, in the
collection ; a second specimen with the abdomen less extensively pale
from Barberton, collected by Mr. Munro. The male was from
Pretoria.

Hercostomus argyropus Loew.

Length, 5to5-5mm. Male.—Face narrow, silvery white. Front
blue, thinly yellow pollinose. Occiput black, covered with dense
greyish pollen. Antennae yellow ; third joint black, longer than wide,
subcordate, its upper edge beyond the insertion of the arista concave
so that it is rather pointed at the apex ; arista dorsal, brown. Palpi
reddish, with white pollen and fine white hairs ; proboscis reddish.

Mesonotum olivaceous, with a steel-blue reflection in some lights,
the olive-brown pollen moderately dense, forming obscure vittae in
some lights ; the sides before the wings are greyish pollinose. Pleura
blackish green with slight bronze reflections, densely covered with
greyish pollen. Scutellum deep blue-green, with several small, black
discal hairs and thinly covered with tawny pollen.

Legs pale yellowish, the middle coxae brown except apically and
inwardly, the anterior coxae with pale hairs and black bristles.
Apices of the posterior four tibiae and all the tarsi from the apex of
the first joint brown, the front ones somewhat paler, the posterior
basitarsi over half brown, the middle ones slightly swollen and almost
white at their immediate base, the tips of the anterior four tarsal
joints slightly darkened at their apices so as to form annules in some
lights. Last joint of the middle tarsi rather reddish, the posterior
tarsi with the apical three joints slightly compressed and with their
anterior surface silvery white, the first joint of the hind tarsi slightly
shorter than the second.

Wings tinged with brownish. Squamae and halteres yellow, the
former black ciliate.

Abdomen dark green or bronzed, the sides rather densely greyish
pollinose. Genitalia blackish or brown, that portion lying next to
the body and the appendages yellow, the remainder thinly greyish
pollinose. Lamellae small, crescent shaped, fringed with black hairs.

Female.—Face much wider, concave above, silvery pollinose ; front
less shining. Legs simple, without the silvery surfaces. )

There is a single female in the collection from Oudebosch, Caledon
Div. (K. H. Barnard), December 1920.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 397

Hercostomus eronis n. sp.

Allied to argyropus Lw., but the antennae are almost wholly black,
the first joint being obscurely reddish beneath, and the legs are
differently coloured.

Leneth, 455 mm. Female.—Face moderately wide, argenteous
pollinose. Front with dense, similar pollen. Occiput almost black,
greyish pollinose, white pilose below. Palpi and proboscis orange
yellow, with black hairs, the latter somewhat tinged with brownish
on the margins. Antennae black, the first joint obscurely reddish
below, black hairedabove. Arista black, with short, black pubescence.

Mesonotum bronze black, with conspicuous covering of brownish
pollen. Pleura pale greyish pollinose.

Coxae yellowish, the middle ones with a pale brownish stripe on
the outer side, their hairs and bristles all black. Legs yellowish, the
hind tarsi brownish from the base, the others from the apex of the
first joint, the posterior femora slightly brown at the apex above.

Wings faintly brownish, the fourth vein rather strongly approaching
the third. Squamae and halteres yellow, the former black ciliate.

Abdomen dark green, becoming more or less bronzed towards the
apex, the sides thinly greyish pollinose. Ovipositor with two narrow,
scale-like spines. Hairs of abdomen practically all black.

Described from a single female collected at Oudebosch, Caledon Div.,
10th December 1920, by Mr. R. M. Lightfoot.

Hercostomus disjectus n. sp.

A single specimen in rather poor condition is suffi¢iently well
characterised to warrant description. The head is largely covered
with some gummy substance.

Length, 4mm. fFemale.—First two antennal joints reddish, with
black hairs. Front argenteous pollinose, the face probably similar.
Mesonotum damaged. Pleura and coxae greyish pollinose.

Anterior coxae reddish yellow, the others blackish, with pale inner
surfaces and apices, and all clothed with short, bristly hairs and longer
black bristles. Legs reddish yellow, the tarsi all with the basal joint
pale except on the apex, the remaining joints brownish, the hind
femora slightly darker on apex above.

Wings light brownish. Squamae and halteres yellow, the former
black ciliate.

Abdomen green with bronze reflections, greyish pollinose except the
segmental bases and middle line; black haired. Genitalia retracted.

398 Annals of the South African Museum.

Female.—Ceres Division, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., January 1917,
collected by Mr. R. M. Lightfoot.

VAALIMYIA new genus.

Allied to Pelastoneurus Lw. and Hercostomus Loew, both of which it
resembles in having the wide concave face in both sexes, thinly short
plumose arista, and the acrostical bristles in two rows. It differs from
them in having the fourth longitudinal vein produced forward at a
right angle at about half the distance between the large cross-vein
and edge of the wing, as shown in fig. 6. Genotype: the following
species.

Vaalimyra violacea new species.

(Figs. 6, 6a.)

Length, 355 mm. Male.—Face greyish pollinose, with a large
violaceous triangle immediately below the antennae visible from certain
angles, the upper two-thirds of the face depressed, the lower portion
almost perpendicular, reaching in the middle almost to the lowest
level of the eyes ; face about one-fourth as wide as head width. Front
wider than the face, brilliant purplish. Back of head green, ochreous
pollinose above the neck, snow-white pollinose below, the orbital
bristles yellow on the lower half, black above. Antennae dull orange,
the third joint chiefly brown, the arista brown; first antennal joint
with black hairs above, third joint shaped as in fig. 6a. Palpi small,
reddish brown, with black hairs; proboscis of the same colour, thick, —
retractile.

Mesonotum and scutellum brilliant violet, the latter more metallic
blue on the basal half, the former with the prescutellar depression
bronze-gold pollinose ; sides darker. Pleura blackish green, greyish
pollinose ; a single, strong black bristle above the anterior coxae.

Legs simple, reddish yellow, including the front coxae and apices
and inner surfaces of the remaining ones. Posterior femora black
above at apex, their tibiae with black apical band and their tarsi of
the same colour. Anterior four tarsi brown from the tip of the first
joint to the apex. Coxae and legs with black hairs and bristles, the
former greyish pollinose. First joint of hind tarsi much longer than
the second, the last three joints missing, but probably not ornamented.

Wings (fig. 6) tinged with brownish before the third vein and along
all the veins. Halteres and squamae yellow, the latter black ciliate.

The abdomen is blackish green with darker incisures, the sides
rather thickly greyish pollinose. Genitalia greenish black, greyish

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 399

pollinose, large, reaching two-thirds the distance to the base of the
abdomen, the outer lamellae broadly oval, with short, wide stem,
orange in colour, with black border, short black hairs and long, black
cilia on the margin.

Female.—Difiers only sexually ; the third antennal joint is much
shorter, being only slightly longer than wide and much less pointed.
The black spot above the apex of the hind femora is not conspicuous.

Described from two males and one female from Transvaal. Type
3, Komati Poort. Type 2, Kaapmuiden; paratype 3, Acornhoek
(R. W. EH. Tucker); and one 2 paratype, Nyaka, Port. HE. Africa,
February 1924, collected by Mr. R. F. Lawrence.

Tachytrechus Walker.

There are ten described species belonging to this genus recorded
from Africa, four of which are found in South Africa. Of these only
one species is represented in the collection.

Synopsis of Species.

1. Femora black on basal half; antennae black, except just the lower apex of the

first joint : 4 ; : : : bracteatus Wied.
Femora reddish yellow, at most the narrow bases black . : : Sane

2. Antennae black . ; } A : ‘ é : abscoenus Wied.
Antennae with the first two joints reddish yellow . : ; : ny G

3. Last section of the fourth vein practically straight : alternatus Curr.

Last section of the fourth vein distinctly bent forward before the middle
capensis Curr.

Tachytrechus capensis Curran.

Curran, Ann. Transv. Mus., vol. x, pt. 4, p. 223, pl. vu, fig. 10, 1924.

Length, 5-5 to 6 mm. SFemale.—Face shining brownish-yellow
pollinose, its ground colour when visible green; front with similarly
dense but less shining pollen. Occiput green with yellowish pollen
above, silvery white pollen below. Antennae reddish, the third joint
brown with a whitish reflection, subquadrate, its corners rounded, its
base a little wider than its apex, the brown arista inserted about the
middle of the upper surface of the joint. Palpi and proboscis brown
with tiny black hairs, the former yellowish pollinose in some lights.

Mesonotum rather brownish pollinose, leaving a narrow olivaceous
vitta on either side of the middle line, the middle line more bronzed
in some lights; each bristle is inserted in a dark circle so that the
colours contrast quite strongly in certain views; the posterior
depression and a wide lateral presutural vitta are dark green with
whitish or greyish pollen and the usual darker area is present above

400 Annals of the South African Museum.

the wings. Pleura dull green, the middle part more or less cupreous,
densely whitish-grey pollinose.

Coxae blackish green, densely whitish-grey pollinose, with black

hairs and bristles. Legs reddish, the apices of the posterior four tibiae
and their tarsi wholly brown, their basitarsi, except sometimes the
hind ones, paler on the basal half or more; front tarsi brownish red
~except the basal four-fifths of the basitarsi which are reddish. Middle
femora with one upper and one lower anterior preapical bristle and
one posterior one, the posterior femora with only one distinct preapical
bristle in front, but with a row of three or four long bristles on the
apical half of the upper surface.

Wings tinged with brown, the last section of the fourth vein decidedly

curved forward before its middle. Squamae and halteres yellow, the
former with black cilia.

Abdomen bright green or blue-green, the terminal segment brilliant

blue, the apices of the segments rather broadly cupreous, the sides of
the second segment similarly coloured ; the conspicuous whitish pollen
is more dense on the sides and forms large triangles on the front of

the segments.

Male.—Genitalia purplish or bluish, with greyish pollinose reflec-

tions. Outer lamellae blackish with thin brownish-yellow pollen,
their hairs entirely black.

There are two males and three females collected by Mr. R. M.

Lightfoot at East London, in November 1915; and one male, Nyaka,
Port. E. Africa, February 1924, collected by Mr. Lawrence.

Medetera Fischer.

The species belonging to this genus are usually found on the trunks

of trees, and are almost always dull in colour, as well as being rather
small. Five species, separable by the following synopsis, are to be
found in South Africa.

IF

bo

Synopsis of Species.
Lower section of the face argenteous pollinose, the face and front similarly
clothed, the ground colour almost all hidden : normalis Curran
Lower section of the face not wholly argenteous, the middle broadly shining 2

. Basal half of the anterior four and more than half of the posterior femora

blackish ; é : : : : : 3 praedator n. sp.
Front four femora wholly pale, or but little darkened towards the base .. 3

. Pollen of the mesonotum rich brownish ; propleural bristles clear white . 4

Pollen of the mesonotum greyish although the bronze ground colour gives the
appearance of a brown tinge . : : : : penura i. sp.

. Face dark green, the pollen not dense . : : : longitarsis Curran

Face densely brown pollinose : 2 i : : sumplicis Curran

——— SS

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 401

Medetera praedator n. sp.

Length, 2 to 2-5 mm. Male.—Face brownish pollinose, the lower
section shining black, often metallic bronzed. Front with similar
pollen to that on the face but it is not so abundant above and is paler
in colour laterally. Orbital cilia whitish, a few of the lower ones
blackish. Palpi and proboscis shining black, the antennae black.

Mesonotum bronzed, thickly covered with greyish-brown pollen
which leaves two conspicuous paler vittae separated by the acrostical
bristles. Pleura concolorous with the dorsum, but less thickly and
paler pollinose. Two or three black propleural bristles. Scutellum
greyish pollinose, with four bristles, the outer pair small.

Legs reddish yellow, the femora in mature specimens black on
slightly more than the basal half, but in teneral specimens there may
be only a little black on each femur. The tarsi become black at the
apex and the last jomt is somewhat widened. Coxae black, the
anterior ones with blackish hairs. Posterior basitarsi about one-third
as long as the following joint.

Wings subhyaline, slightly tinged with fuscous yellow, especially
in front. Halteres and squamae yellow, the latter white ciliate.

Abdomen and genitalia deep shining black, the inner lamellae
brownish red, the small outer ones black ; hair all black.

Female.—Similar except sexually.

Described from fourteen specimens of both sexes from East London,
17th, 19th, and 21st February 1924, collected by Mr. H. K. Munro.
The two types are returned to Mr. Munro: paratypes are in the South
African Museum and in the author’s collection.

Medetera penura n. sp.

Length, about 3 mm. Male.—Face moderately wide, grey-brown
pollinose, the lower section shining black with the sides pollinose.
Front with similar pollen to that on face. Orbital cilia white. Palpi
greenish black, with metallic green reflection in some views ; proboscis
and antennae black.

Thorax and scutellum tawny brown pollinose, the vittae of the
mesonotum not distinct. Ground colour blackish green. Scutellum
with four bristles, the lateral pair two-thirds as long as the apical.
Normally there are two reddish bristles on the propleura.

Coxae blackish with a thin covering of tawny brown pollen, their
hairs reddish or yellow, rarely appearing brown. Legs reddish, the
hind femora black on the basal half, the middle ones sometimes slightly
darkened basally. Tarsi darkened apically.

WOlb, .Omtiy, Aw Ze "atl

402 Annals of the South African Museum.

Wings cinereous hyaline, their base yellow. Squamae and halteres
yellow, the former white ciliate.

Abdomen bronze-black, rather thickly covered with yellowish pollen.
Genitalia shining black, the lamellae brown, the inner pair larger than
the outer, bare, the outer ones with black hairs.

Female.—Differs only sexually.

Described from five specimens collected by Mr. H. K. Munro at
Kast London on 17th and 21st February 1924. The type pair has
been returned to Mr. Munro. A male is deposited in the South African
Museum.

Medetera normalis Curran.
Curran, Ann. Transv. Mus., vol. x, pt. 4, p. 226, 1924.

Length, 3 mm. Male.—Head silvery pollinose, the ground colour
bluish where at all evident. Antennae brown, the third joint with
evident white pubescence; arista above the middle of the small
cordate third joint, slender. Palpi shining black, with a few black
hairs, the proboscis of the same colour.

Thorax green, rather densely covered with whitish-grey pollen, that
bordering the posterior depression brownish yellow ; the narrow middle
line and a nazrow vitta on either side bronze coloured in some lights.
Scutellum rather flat, with four black bristles, the outer ones about
half as long as the inner.

Coxae and femora blackish, the anterior coxae with coarse yellow
or golden yellow pubescence. Broad apices of the femora and all the
tibiae and tarsi reddish yellow, the latter scarcely darkened apically.
First joint of the posterior tarsi one-third as long as the second, the
third much longer than the first, the fourth almost as long as the first.
The first joint of the anterior tarsi is slightly longer than the second.
The hairs of the legs are very short and inconspicuous, except above
the hind femora.

Wings hyaline; the fourth vein approaches the third, its last
section straight, the tips of the two veins moderately separated ; the
distance between the third and fourth veins opposite the posterior
cross-vein is equal to almost twice the length of the cross-vein, which
is rectangularly placed. Squamae and halteres pale yellow, the former
with white cilia.

Abdomen green, moderately covered with greyish-white pollen, the
hair yellowish, that on the first segment black. Hypopygium shining
black, its small apical appendages shining brownish red, the slender

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 403

inner processes yellow; the basal parts ciliated with a little short
yellow hair, the lamellae bare.

Female.—Differs only sexually.

In addition to the original specimens, I have seen over a dozen others
collected by Mr. Munro at East London during February 1924. A
pair of these are donated to the South African Museum.

Aphrosylus Walker.

This genus has not been previously recognised from South Africa,
and is represented by a single species which is described below. It
is possible that A. griseatus, described herewith, is the same as some
European species, but in the absence of specimens from that region
for comparison, it is considered advisable to describe it in order that
others may be able definitely to associate South African specimens
with something already named.

Aphrosylus griseatus n. sp.
(Figs. 7, Ta, 7b.)

Length, 2°75 to 3-25 mm. Male——Head brownish in ground colour,
the face and occiput very densely greyish pollinose, the front less
thickly so, while the region of the neck is brownish pollinose. The cilia
on the upper half of the occiput are black, on the lower half pale
yellowish or almost white and fairly fine. Palpi reddish, with darker
base, the proboscis with similarly coloured apex, both densely grey
pollinose, the former with some fine black hairs. Hyes whitish or
yellowish pilose. Antennae black, shaped as in fig. 7b. The face is
concave on the upper portion, the lower section more or less roof-like
above the palpi.

Thorax and abdomen brown, densely grey pollinose. The acrosticals
are small and widely separated, arranged usually in pairs, each pair
towards the caudal end successively closer to each other; they reach
only to the middle of the thorax or a little beyond in most specimens
and are often difficult to see. Posterior fourth of the mesonotum
concave. Two hair-like yellow propleural bristles. Scutellum with
four marginal bristles of almost equal size.

Coxae and legs with dense grey pollen, the coxae and femora brown,
with pale apices, the tibiae and tarsi reddish, the latter with the
terminal joint brown and somewhat broadened ; the abundant pollen
makes the colour of the legs very deceptive, and it is possible that the
femora are largely pale apically ; the posterior femora are bare on

404 Annals of the South African Museum,

the median half of the posterior surface. The hair on the legs is short,
erect or suberect, black. The first joint of the anterior tarsi is hardly
as long as the four following joints, the middle ones have the first
joint decidedly longer than the remaining, while on the hind legs the
first two joints are subequal. Legs simple. The hind coxae bear a
median bristle on the outer surface, the remaining coxae are sparsely
clothed with black bristly hairs.

Wings (fig. 7) dull greyish brown, appearing as though they had
been wet. Squamae and halteres yellow, the former finely yellow
ciliate.

Outer genital lamellae leaf-like, elongate-oval, yellowish brown,
grey pollinose; the inner lamellae, etc., shining brown. Abdomen
with sparse black appressed hairs (fig. 7a).

Female.—Difiers only sexually.

This description is from the following specimens collected by Mr.
H. K. Munro on the Beach at East London: 7 4, 12 Q,
17th February; 3 ¢ and 2 9, 14th February 1919.

Hydrophorus Fallen.

Distinguished from other genera by the presence of spines beneath
the anterior femora, absence of mammiform process below the squamae,
and by the posterior cross-vein being situated close to the wing margin.
The following synopsis separates the two species contained in the
‘collection :—

A. Upper portion of the face brilliant green ; . spinicornis Loew
AA. Face wholly greyish pollinose : ’ : : praecox Lehm.

Hydrophorus spinicornis Loew.

Length, 25 to 3 mm. Female.—Face moderately wide, yet wider
on the lower half, the upper portion brilliant green, still, very lightly
_ greyish-yellow pollinose, the lower portion greyish pollinose laterally,
yellowish in the middle. Front greyish-brown pollinose. Occiput
grey pollinose, the beard whitish. Palpi of same colour as middle of
face, with fine white hairs. Cheeks produced as a wide rim below the
eyes. Antennae black, the third joint brown, subcordate, a little
longer than wide ; arista long, the basal section longer than the third
antennal joint.

Mesonotum blackish bronze, with purplish tinge in some lights,
rarely with greenish reflection, except at the sides; on the middle is
a large, rectangular, brown pollinose spot reaching from just before

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 405

the suture to the prescutellar depression and extending to just outside
the acrostical bristles, between each of which is a pale spot. Pleura
green, with bronze reflections ; grey pollinose. Scutellum bronzy, the
corners green ; bearing four bristles.

Legs green ; tarsi black, the hind ones brown. Coxae densely grey
pollinose and white pilose. Front femora with an anterior and
posterior row of spines on the ventral surface, the spines rather fine
and decreasing in length from the base, both rows interrupted near
the middle ; neither row reaches the apex, but the hind row is shorter ;
on the basal half of the postero-ventral surface are several long, fine
white hairs. Front tibiae with an entire row of fine short bristles
on the ventral surface, the terminal one not strengthened nor long ;
above with four small bristles. Tarsi simple. Legs otherwise not
distinctive, their hairs black.

Wings hyaline. Squamae and halteres yellow, the former white
ciliate.

Abdomen green, with bronze reflections, the sides thickly grey
pollinose, the dorsum moderately covered with brownish pollen.
Abdominal hair black.

The male genitalia are small.

There are four female specimens of this pretty species in the
collection, three from Cape Town, collected by Dr. Péringuey in 19138,
and one from Junction of Crocodile and Marico Rivers, Transvaal,
February 1918, collected by Mr. R. W. E. Tucker.

Hydrophorus praecox Lehm.

Owing to the fact that no male specimen is present in the collection,
I quote the description of Lundbeck, as given in the English edition
of part 4 of his Diptera Danica.

“ Male.—Length, 2-5 to 4-5 mm. Head as high as broad; vertex
and frons aeneous, somewhat greyish pruinose at the sides. Face
broad, greyish white, the palpi of the same colour. Occiput greenish,
grey pruinose; postocular bristles black, the hairs below white.
Jowls distinct, not broad, grey. Antennae black, third joint slightly
longer than broad, pointed ; arista a little longer than the antennae.
Thorax olive, sometimes greenish, especially at the sides, and more or
less with coppery reflections, a little pruinose, somewhat shining ; in
the middle there is a dark stripe divided by a very fine pale line, and
to each side of the dark stripe the green colour forms more or less
distinct stripes; dorso-central bristles numerous. Scutellum with
four bristles. Pleura greenish or aeneous, densely whitish grey

406 Annals of the South African Museum.

pruinose ; propleura with grey hairs and one black prothoracic bristle.
Abdomen somewhat flattened, greenish, aeneous or coppery, rather
densely greyish white pruinose ; it is somewhat densely covered with
pale hairs a little longer at the sides. Venter grey. Hypopygium
generally quite hidden. Legs quite green, coxae light grey pruinose,
femora and tibiae somewhat pruinose, the tarsi blackish. The legs
have short black hairs intermingled with pale pubescence, the latter
especially distinct towards the end of the tibiae and on the tars! ;
coxae pale haired; front femora with a row of short spines below
towards the anterior side, the front tibiae with a row of short spines
below, the apical one large and strong, besides with a few small dorsal
bristles ; posterior femora and tibiae with various scattered, not long,
bristles. Wings somewhat long, hyaline; veins black, paler towards
the base; the last part of the discal (fourth) vein slightly curved, a
little converging towards the cubital (third) vein. Squamae whitish,
with white fringe. Halteres whitish or whitish yellow.

‘“ Female.—Face not broader than in the male. Front femora with
two rows of spines, as there is, besides the row found in the male, one
more posteriorly ; apical spine below the front tibiae shorter than in
the male.”’

Five specimens, all females, agree almost perfectly with specimens
from Denmark. Until the male is compared with Huropean specimens
there must be a slight doubt about the South African specimens being
praecox.

Inancalus Loew.

This genus is readily distinguished from all others in the family
by the long mesopleural process projecting along the posterior outer

base of the anterior coxae. Only the following new species is known ~

from South Africa, while ZL. virens occurs in northern Africa and Europe.
These are among the largest and most brilliantly coloured members

of the family, and the males usually possess a striking pale apical spot.

‘on the wing.
Inancalus peringueyt n. sp.

(Figs. 8, 8a.)

Allied to the European L. virens, but the face and front are much
darker, the second joint of the anterior tarsi is densely short black
haired on the postero-ventral surface and the wings are much less
extensively fuscous.

Length,8 mm. Male.—Face wide, brilliant deep green, but covered

with abundant brownish pollen which becomes paler along the orbits

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 407

and above. Front of the same colour but the pollen blackish brown
except below and above. Occiput grey pollinose, the bristles black,
with a few of those towards the lower edge of the eyes yellowish, the
sparse beard also yellowish. Palpi large, brown pollinose, with black
hairs. Antennae black; first joint bare above; third joint broader
than long, with a broadly rounded point, the arista inserted beyond
the middle of the joint, slender, about as long as an eye.

Mesonotum rather dull greenish, with four purplish-bronze vittae,
the median ones ending at the posterior third, the lateral abbreviated
at either end and interrupted at the suture; between these vittae a
more or less distinct violaceous one. Pleura greenish, grey pollinose.
Scutellum violaceous, its sides green; bearing six long marginal
bristles.

Legs blackish green, the femora and coxae grey pollinose, the tarsi
blackish. First joint of the anterior tarsus almost as long as the
remaining joints combined, slightly swollen at apex; second joint
short, not longer than the fourth, compressed and broadened (higher
than wide), with silvery reflection below, its anterior edge densely
beset with short black bristles which are curved at the apex; third
segment longer than the second, silvery on the lower surface, scarcely
widened. Claws of all the tarsi long and slender. Coxae with short,
fine yellowish pile. Legs short black haired except that the bases
of the femora have some fine pale hairs.

Wings hyaline, except the brownish areas shown in fig. 8. Squamae
and halteres yellow, the former yellow ciliate.

Abdomen bright deep green, the sides very densely pale grey pol-
linose, the broad posterior margin of each segment expanded anteriorly
in the middle, brown pollinose on more blackish ground. Sixth
segment green, the genitalia blackish, with long filamentous outer
lamellae. Abdomen yellow haired, the basal bristles black.

Female.—Similar in colour to the male but the front is less thickly
pollinose, the green ground colour being quite evident, and the middle
line of the abdomen and narrow bases of the segments are brown
pollinose. The wings are without maculation, the legs simple.

Type male, Cape Town, Table Mountain, October 1917, collected by
Mr. K. H. Barnard; type female, and another female, Matroosherg,
Ceres Division, January 1917, collected by Mr. R. M. Lightfoot.

Sympycnus Loew.

Six species belonging to this genus have been previously recorded
trom Africa. An additional species is here described.

408 Annals of the South African Museum.

Table of Species.

Males.
1. Apical two joints of front tarsi white . : : nectarophagus Curran *
Fore tarsi without whitish apical joints . : : Be”
2. First three joints of hind tarsi considerably inekened and eens abundant
short black hair, the fourth joint longer than the third caffer Loew
Third joint of hind tarsi much longer than the shortened fourth joint, the basal
joints normal . : : ; ; : . : simplex n. sp.
Females.

1. Hind femora entirely pale, or ager brownish on only the upper apical half or less

(2°5 mm.) gs : caffer Loew
Hind femora brown aeeee on aims svete wuele leigth (one 4 mm.)

simplex n. sp.
Sympycnus caffer Loew.

Length, 25mm. Male.—Thorax metallic greenin ground colour, the
abdomen blackish bronze with some yellow markings. Face very
narrow on the lower half, gradually increasing in width on the upper
half, wholly greyish pollinose. Front almost black, with a covering
of brownish pollen which almost conceals the ground colour. Occiput
dark metallic green covered above with brownish grey, below with
grey, pollen, the orbital cilia black, the hairs below short, fine, white.
Palpi small, subtriangular, pale yellowish. Antennae wholly black ;
third joint broader than long, subtriangular ; arista black, slender,
longer than the face.

Mesonotum brownish pollinose, leaving an almost bare vitta between
the acrostical and dorsal-central bristles, but the ground colour is
usually very apparent over the whole surface. Pleura grey pollinose.

Legs, including the coxae, yellow, only the middle coxae brownish
on the outer half. The posterior femora are brownish above on the
apical half, their tibiae brownish with yellow ventral surface, the
colours diffuse. The hind tarsi are wholly black, while the last four
joints of the anterior four and apex of the first joint are brownish, the
joints with darker apices. The hind tarsi are shaped as described in
the synopsis of the species, the third joint with a short, stout, apical
spine below on each side, the last two joints slender, and longer than
the second and third. The hair on the legs is all black and is quite
short for the most part ; on the hind tibiae it is moderately abundant
and subciliate as it forms a dorsal and anterior longer row from base
to apex, the anterior row being much longer and stronger and situated

* Rev. Zool. Afric., vol. xii, p. 472, 1924.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 409

below the middle. The first. three posterior tarsal joints bear rather
~ abundant short black hair.

Wings lightly infuscated, the posterior cross-vein slightly beyond
the middle of the wing and very slightly oblique; the fourth vein
approaches the third slightly, the slight forward curvature taking
place at the basal fourth of the last section. Squamae yellow, with
shghtly darker margin and black cilia. Halteres yellow.

Abdomen with the venter yellow on more than the basal half, the
sides of the first segment also yellowish. The second segment is some-
what variable in colour; normally it is brownish yellow, with a narrow
median vitta and the hind margin bronzed, the yellow colour concave
behind so that the dark colour again approaches the base at the sides,
but the pale colour may be much less extensive than described.
Genitalia normally hidden, the outer lamellae short, rather filamentous.

This species is represented in the collection by two males collected
at Durban, Natal, August 1920. I have also thirty-two specimens of
both sexes from Hast London, 17th and 23rd February 1924; male,
Port Shepstone, 21st August 1920. This latter lot were all collected
by Mr. H. K. Munro.

Sympycnus simplex n. sp.

Length,4to4:5mm. Male.—Eyesalmost touching belowthe middle
of the greyish face which is slightly widened below and quite wide at
the antennae. Front evidently bronze green, covered with brownish
pollen. Occiput hidden. Palpi small, triangularly oval, yellow in
colour and bearing two or three yellow bristly hairs. Antennae black ;
third joint triangular, with rounded angles, not quite one-and-one-
fourth as long as wide ; arista sub-basal, black.

Thorax moderately greyish ? (or yellowish brown ?) pollinose,
probably leaving either two or four rather bare vittae, but it has been
wet and I am not able to make certain of this point. Pleura greyish
pollinose ; scutellum almost without pollen.

Legs, including the coxae, yellow, but the posterior four coxae are
brown on the anterior and exterior surfaces except on the apices ; the
posterior femora are brown on the upper surface, their tibiae tinged
with brown, the posterior tarsi wholly and the remaining tarsi except
the basal three-fifths of the first joint brown or black, the bases of the
joints of a slightly paler colour. The first joint of the front four tarsi
is almost as long as the remaining four joints combined, while the first
two joints of the hind tarsi are of almost equal length. Legs simple,
with normal black hairs. Coxae with pale pile. 2

410 Annals of the South African Museum.

Wings quite smoky, especially in front. The posterior cross-vein is
situated before the middle of the wing and is almost rectangular, the
fourth vein approaches the third slightly towards the wing margin,
its last section having a slight anterior angulation situated at about
the basal two-fifths. Squamae yellow, with black margin and cilia,
the halteres yellow.

Abdomen blackish bronze; genitalia small, concealed.

Female.—Differs only sexually; the face is less than one-fifth the
head width, slightly widened above and below. The third antennal
- jot is wider than long, rounded apically.

Type male, Oudebosch, Caledon Div., 1500 ft., January 1919,
collected by Mr. K. H. Barnard ; type female, same locality, December
1920, collected by Mr. R. M. Lightfoot.

Asyndetus Loew.

This genus is allied to Diaphorus Mg., but is readily distinguished
by the termination of the thickened portion of the costa at or slightly
beyond the tip of the third vein and the location of the cross-vein
beneath or before the apex of the first vein. Three species have been
recognised from Northern Africa, while there are apparently two un-
described species before me.

Asyndetus crassitarsis n. sp.

Length, 3 mm. Male.—Face about one-fifth the head width, green,
densely argenteous grey pollinose; front metallic green, almost
without pollen; occiput of the same colour, grey pollinose. Beard
white. Antennae wholly black, the third joint scarcely longer than
broad, its apex broadly rounded; arista almost as long as head
height, finely short pubescent. Palpi green, clothed with greyish
pollen and black hairs ; proboscis blackish.

Thorax and scutellum dark metallic green, the mesonotum with
bronze reflections and a darker bronze vitta on either side of the middle
line. Dorso-central bristles in four pairs, unusually strong; a single
weak bristle above the front coxae. Thorax greyish pollinose, the
dorsum only thinly so.

Legs metallic blackish green, greyish pollinose, black haired ; knees
and the anterior tibiae reddish. Anterior tarsi with the first joint
as long as the following three, slender, the fourth a little broadened and
flattened, the fifth slightly broader than the fourth, but little we
than wide, flattened.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 411

Wings cinereous hyaline, the fourth vein evanescent opposite the
apex of the fifth ; there is an indication of a vein running to the apex
of the wing, but it lies considerably closer to the costa, its inner end
closer to the base of the wing than the apex of the fourth vein. The
posterior cross-vein is slightly oblique and joins the fourth vein slightly
beyond the tip of the first vein. Squamae and halteres pale yellowish,
the former white ciliate.

Abdomen dark green, with brassy reflections and moderately
clothed with greyish pollen, which is a little thicker at the sides.
Genitalia black, with four stout apical bristles, the lamellae small,
shining black, the genitalia elsewhere greyish pollinose. Hairs of the
abdomen all black.

Described from a single male from Kaapmuiden, Transvaal, 30th
October 1919, collected by Mr. R. W. E. Tucker.

Asyndetus indifferens n. sp.

Length, 3 mm. Female.—Very much like the preceding, but the
anterior tibiae are wholly dark, only the narrow knees reddish. The
palpi are black, broader and smaller, the antennae smaller. The only
differences, except in the wings and colour of the legs, are sexual.
The fourth vein is not so completely broken as there is an indication
of a junction of the fourth vein proper with the detached portion, the
inner end of which does not reach so close to the base of the wing,
and the vein itself is not as close to the costa as in crassitarsis.

A female labelled M’fongosi, Zululand, December 1916, collected
by Mr. W. E. Jones.

This may prove to be the female of crassitarsis but it does not seem
likely that itisso. Asa rule the legs of the females are paler coloured
than in the males, and for this reason I feel certain that it is a different
species. The two species may be readily separated as follows :—

A. Anterior tibiae wholly yellow, the tip but slightly darker Crassitarsis N. Sp.
AA. Anterior tibiae brown, the very narrow base reddish . indifferens n. sp.

Diaphorus Meigen.
Syn: Munroiana Curran, Ann. Transv. Mus., vol. x, pt. 4, p. 229, 1924.

The collection contains five specimens, three of which belong to an
undescribed species. The adults of this genus are not uncommon
about honey dew.

412 Annals of the South African Museum.

Table of Species. Males only.

1. Two or three abdominal segments chiefly yellowish
At most the venter yellowish
2. Second and third abdominal segments with eee median viet

Ou. bo

dasycnemus Loew
Second and third segments with the apices dark, the third rarely subvittate 3
. Both the front and middle pulvilli eee enlarged, the claws wanting on both

ey)

pairs of legs . 5 : lawrencei n. sp.
Only front pulvilli enlarged ; arglalle tarsi ts ee ; antennae black wig

4. Hind tibiae with unusually long hair € except above, the hair becoming somewhat
shorter epically ; : : inversus Curran *

Hind tibiae not with long cilia- fe me emia wikolly rather short haired
brunneus Loew
. Eyes broadly separated above the antennae . : ; munrot Curran
Eyes contiguous above the antennae ; Bares (5)
6. Hind femora strongly arcuate, the apical fifth of the pee surface with
dense fine hair and a series of fine cilia on their apical half below

Or

amplus Curran

Hind femora but slightly arcuate, without abundant hair on apex behind and
with only four or five bristles of unequal length postero-ventrally

rita Curran

Diaphorus brunneus Loew.

Female——Length, 5mm. MHead dark metallic green in colour, the
face, front, and most of the occiput so densely brownish-yellow pollinose
as to hide the ground colour ; face about one-fifth as wide as the head,
the front scarcely wider. Orbital cilia black above, the hairs below
the neck white. Antennae reddish, the third joint more brownish,
wider than long. Arista dorsal, almost as long as the head, finely
short plumose on its whole length. First antennal joint bare above.
Palpi pale yellow, elongate oval, with a black apical bristle ; proboscis
blackish.

Mesonotum metallic green, the colour almost obscured by dense
greyish pollen; pleura almost blackish, with dense grey pollen.
Scutellum concolorous with mesonotum, with two pairs of strong
marginal bristles. A single strong bristle above the anterior coxae.

Legs, including the coxae, yellow, the tarsi becoming brownish at
the apex ; middle coxae brown almost to the tip on the anterior and
outer surfaces ; hairs of legs and coxae all black.

Wings cinereous hyaline, the large cross-vein not oblique. Squamae
and halteres yellow, the cilia of the former black.

First three abdominal segments and the whole venter yellow, the

* Rev. Zool. Afric., vol. xii. p. 474, 1924.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum. 413

apices of the second and third segments and the base of the third
blackish, the whole of the fourth and fifth metallic green. Abdomen
thinly greyish-white pollinose on the disc, thickly so on the sides ; the
hair all black.

Male.—Length, 5°55 mm. The brown face is entirely obscured by
white pollen, the frontal triangle long, normally narrowly connected
with the vertical triangle (narrowly contiguous in some dried
specimens) ; pollen of frontal triangle similar to that on face, the
vertical triangle with more ochreous pollen. Occiput black, densely
grey pollinose. Antennae yellowish brown to blackish, the sub-
cordate third joint slightly wider than long, the slender brown arista
situated well above the middle of the joint. Palpi pale yellow, with
sparse black hairs; proboscis brownish red or brown, with white
hairs ; beard white.

The mesonotum is so densely ochreous-brownish pollinose as to
almost conceal the ground colour, the posterior slopes and side margins
in front of the wings with paler pollen. Pleura black, with green
reflections showing through the dense greyish pollen, the posterior
lower edge and a spot below the halteres yellow. Scutellum green,
its margin usually wholly pale yellow, the whole grey pollinose.

Coxae yellow, the middle ones almost all brown, the hairs black.
Legs yellow, the tarsi becoming brown from the tip of the first joint.
Front femora beneath on the anterior edge with a row of fine black
bristles which become shorter apically, the longest not over half as
long as the height of the femora, on the postero-ventral surface with
a much shorter row, but the basal bristle is stronger than any in the
anterior row ; in addition there is a row of longer black cilia on the
apical half of the posterior surface. The anterior tibiae bear on their
postero-ventral surface a row of short even cilia which are shorter
than the width of the tibiae. The apical joint of the front tarsus is
slightly widened and bears rather long hairs above ; their pulvilli are
brownish tinged, slightly longer than the fifth segment and clothed on
the edges with short silvery white pubescence. All the hairs on the
legs are black. The first joint of the anterior four tarsi is at least
twice as long as the second, the first two joints of the posterior ones of
practically equal length.

Wings greyish hyaline. Squamae and halteres yellow, the former
with black cilia.

First three abdominal segments yellowish or brownish yellow, the
venter of the fourth, brown, the narrow apices of the second and third
segments and the whole of the following ones blackish, often more or

414 Annals of the South African Museum.

less greenish, the dorsum bronzed, the sides more densely greyish
pollinose than the dorsum. The hair is black, moderately long, the
bristles not well developed; the four bristles on the genitalia are
robust and almost as long as the fourth abdominal segment. Genitalia
brown, greyish pollinose, the appendages brownish.

The description of the female is from a specimen collected at Kamati
in the Eastern Transvaal. That of the male is from a specimen
from Pretoria and another from Hast London, both collected by
Mr. H. K. Munro. The male is not represented in the collection but
the description is given in order that it may be compared with the
following new species.

There is a single female collected by Mr. Lawrence at Zandemela,
Port. HE. Africa, in December 1923, which is either an undescribed
species, dasycnemus Loew, or an unusual form of brunneus. It has a
wide green vitta on the third abdominal segment. Unfortunately,
the abdomen has been partly eaten away.

Diaphorus lawrence new species.

The description of D. brunneus Loew applies well to this species,
with these exceptions :—

Lengths, the same. Male.—Antennae brownish red, paler beneath
(third joint missing, probably dark reddish) ; the middle tarsi lack
claws and. the pulvilli are greatly developed as on the front tarsi.
The apical abdominal segments are green.

Female.—Antennae wholly reddish, otherwise as in brunneus.

Described from one male and two females, Nyaka, Port. H. Africa,
February 1924, collected by Mr. R. F. Lawrence.

This species cannot be confused with any others so far known from
the region, as the red antennae at once distinguish the female, and
the enlarged pulvilli of the middle tarsi are characteristic of the male.

The Dolichopodidae of the South African Museum.

A

alter (Condylostylus) .
angustipennis (Condylostylus)
Aphrosylus

argyropus (Hercostomus)
Asyndetus

auratum (Chrysosoma)

B
brunneus (Diaphorus)

C

caffer (Sympycnus)
capensis (Trachytrechus)
Chrysosoma :
Condylostylus ;
crassitarsis (Asyndetus)

D

Diaphorus
disjectus (Hercostomus)

E
eronis (Hercostomus)

F
flavirostris (Sciapus) .
flexum (Chrysosoma)

G
griseatus (Aphrosylus)

H
Hercostomus
Hydrophorus

I

imitans (Condylostylus)
wmitator (Condylostylus)

INDEX
PAGE
393 | indifferens (Asyndetus)
390 | inversus (Diaphorus) .
403
396 L
ae laurencei (Diaphorus)
~ | Liancalus
M
412 | Medetera :
munroi (Chrysosoma).
Munroiana :
408
399 iN
381 | nectarophagus (Hercostomus)
38 nectarophagus Papen)
410 | normalis (Medetera) .
1?

41] | pateraeformis (Condylostylus)
397 | penure (Medetera) ,
peringueyi (Liancalus)
peringueyi (Sciapus) .

perturbus (Hercostomus)
397 praecox (Hydrophorus)
praedator (Medetera)
387 S
384 | Sciapus
sicatrix (Condylostylus)
simplex (Sympycnus). :
403 spinicornis (Hydrophorus) .
m subfascipennis (Sciapus)
Sympycnus i
394 T
ae Tachytrechus
Vv
391 | Vaalimyia n.g. :
391 |! violacea (Vaalimyia) .

415

PAGE

4ll
412

414
406

400
383
411

394
408 |
402

393
400
406
385
395
404
400

385
389
409
404
386
407

399

398
398

416 Annals of the South African Museum,

EXPLANATION OF PLATES IX AND X.

1. Sciapus peringueyi n. sp., wing of 9; la. 3 genitalia ; 1b. d antenna.

. Sciapus subfascipennis n. sp., 2 wing.

Condylostylus sicatriz n. sp., d genitalia; 3a. ¢ hind tibia.

Condylostylus angustipennis Loew, ¢ antenna.

. Condylostylus pateraeformis Becker, g wing ; 5a. 9 wing.

Vaahmyia violacea n. sp., wing ; 6a. antenna of ¢.

. Aphrosylus griseatus n. sp., wirg; 7a. ¢ abdomen ; 7b. antenna.

. Liancalus peringueyi n. sp., @ wing; 8a. ¢ front tarsus.

. Condylostylus imitans Curran, ¢ wing; 9a. ¢ genitalia; 9b. ¢ front tarsus.
. Chrysosoma flecum Loew, 3 wing; 10a. ¢ genitalia; 10b. ¢ mid tarsus.

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VOL UME pom

[ i dbition to he ponerse i i Ges Alloslape, a
‘St. _Farg. & Serv. ; ; Order Hymenoptera, Section Apidae
oe pies ay Dr. i. BRAUNS. —

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BY NEILL AND 60.; ‘LID.,

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7 A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape, St. Farg. &
Serv. Order Hymenoptera ; Section Apidae (Anthophila).—By
Dr. H. Bravuns.

(With 2 Text-figures and Plates XI and XII.)

THis paper deals with the South African species of the genus Allodape.

We have now a fairly good knowledge of the Neuroptera, Orthoptera,
Hemiptera-Homoptera, Lepidoptera, and perhaps also of the Coleoptera
of the South African region ; but the study of the Hymenoptera, the
group of insects probably the most highly endowed with intelligence,
has so far been much neglected. The literature dealing with this
order is scattered through the scientific periodicals of the whole
world, and is therefore not readily accessible to the South African
student. For this reason monographs that recapitulate all that is
known on some part of the subject, including that which has not
been published as yet, become a necessity, and justify this contribution.

The types of the new species and the representatives of those
described by the earlier authors, both dealt with in this paper, are
deposited in the collections of the South African Museum.

BIOLOGY.

Entomologists who devote their attention to the study of the
Apidae have agreed to divide this family of Hymenoptera into two
sections—namely, Solitary Bees and Social Bees.

The first build their more or less rudimentary cells—or rather,
mostly partitions—in hollow stems, either scooped out by their own
exertions or found ready adapted for use, or they build their homes
beneath the soil. These they store with a certain amount of food,
and deposit an egg within or close to the cell or partition, leaving
the future larva to look after itself.

We know also of certain species that construct burrows or galleries
in the soil, so close to each other that a novice comes to the conclusion
that he has before him the result of the work of a single large family.
Among such species are certain Palearctic Andrena, American Halictus,

VOle Xi, PART 3. 28

418 Annals of the South African Museum.

and, in South Africa, Fidelia paradoxa, Friese, Anthophora circulata,
Fabr., and other kinds of Anthophora. Pseudo-colonies is the name
given to these agglomerations. ;

Individuals of Xylocopa caffra, L., a carpenter bee, which in South
Africa chisels its galleries in dry stumps, live at times so closely
together in the same piece of wood that the galleries are nearly con-
tiguous, but they never communicate. In spite of the vicinity of
the burrows, and the tendency to construct them close to each other,
any one builder or miner never interferes with the work of another.
Hach stays in its own burrow, and does not enter the house of its
neighbour unless by mistake. Let us go a step further. We know
that members of a few species of Halictus and Nomisa—probably
more will be found to do so—associate to dig together a gallery with
only one entrance. Several females use this entrance and the same
gallery, but they burrow sideways to construct their small solitary
partitions for the storage of food and deposition of the egg.

The second section, a numerous one, comprises the social bees
which live together in more or less large numbers of individuals,
building, as in the case of the common honey-bee, most elaborate
structures of cells; in most cases feeding their larvae, tending them
until they are near the adult stage, and closing their cells for the
pupal stage.

The old authors considered the species of the genus Allodape to
be mostly parasites; and from the time of Lepeletier St. Fargeau
we find them quoted in hymenopterous literature as being parasites
or messmates. This mistake is not easily explained, because the
species of Allodape bear on the legs a distinct collecting apparatus
of hair-brushes. They are in fact true social bees, although their
colonies are as primitive as can be. There is no building of cells,
no shrouding of the brood whatsoever. The female excavates a
tunnel into the dry stem of iridaceous plants, Iris, Rosa, Aloe, Rubus,
amaryllid plants, etc., or any other plant with a soft pith ; it removes
the latter entirely, and the nest is then ready. I believe that in most
cases labour is not even involved. They as often as not use the
stems previously hollowed out by Ceratina bees, or perhaps Diploptera
wasps. Some of the smaller species utilise the galleries made by
Coleoptera in dead logs or poles, or again the long thorns of mimosa
trees. In the plains of the Karroo, where suitable plants are not as
common as in other parts of South Africa, some of the small species
even nest in the ground, in the steep sides of dry rivers and “ sluits,”
and even in the walls of houses. So, for instance, does the widely

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 419

distributed Allodape pringleir, Cam.; but this nesting in the ground
is comparatively rare.

The colony is founded by the female alone at any season of the
year. It is, of course, clearly established that at higher altitudes the
seasonal temperature and the want of flowers must impede or hinder
the continual gathering of food, but there is no hibernation. A warm
sunny day finds the bee out of doors, even in the middle of the winter
season. Certain plants flower only in the cold or winter season, as,
for instance, the Hricaceae, some Aloes, Lycium, and others. Some-
thing is always to be had. After excavating the stem to a convenient
depth, or putting the last touch to the ready-made gallery, according
to her taste, the female deposits the egg at the more or less rounded
bottom of the hollow part. The egg is of large size in comparison
with the size of the bee, and of kidney shape. As soon as the larva
is hatched the mother commences feeding it. The egg or eggs that
will hatch last are always to be found at the bottom of the cavity ;
above them are to be found the younger larvae, then the more advanced
ones, and towards the entrance are the pupae. Sometimes, however,
this disposition will be found to be disturbed. The mother in carrying
food to the young larva at the lower part of the cavity must perforce
constantly pass the pupae and larger larvae, and may thereby slightly
disturb the above-mentioned order, but this occurs rarely.

A special worker class, such as we find in the genera Apis, Bombus,
Trigona, and Melipona—that is to say, a more or less crippled female,
is not to be found in Allodape. All females are fertile, and, as far as
known, take a share in breeding and feeding the larvae. In all pro-
bability the young females, after fertilisation, constantly found new
nests. But they return for a considerable time to their original home
and there feed the foster brother- and sister-larvae. The males return
to the nest as well, and the latter when opened in the evening are
found to be crowded with a population of both sexes. The old mother
bee is easily recognised through her tattered wings and other signs
of hard work and old age, but otherwise there is little difference in
size between herself and her female progeny.

There are three types of larvae in the genus Allodape, corresponding
with three methods of feeding. In the first case the larva is provided
on the thoracic part of the body with a pair of movable and contractile
fleshy protuberances which we will call, in accordance with their
function, arms. The larva of A. ceratinoides, Grib., is here figured as
a conspicuous example of this form. These arms enable the larva to
retain firmly the small morsel of food deposited between them by the

420 Annals of the South African Museum.

mother bee, who feeds in this way a number of larvae at one visit.
They close these arm-like processes round the morsel of food, and are
thus able to retain their hold of it until it is devoured. On opening
the nest shortly after the entrance of the mother bee one finds a number
of larvae supplied in this manner with food particles, and busy feeding.
Nearly all species of large size, in
fact the great majority of the
South African species, belong to
the section the larvae of which
are of this type. I find it im-
possible to describe in detail the
structural forms of the larva
within the compass of this paper.
I have noticed that the form of
the integumentary appendages
differs in different species, and
even alters in appearance in the
different stages of development
following the consecutive castings
of skin. Therefore the description
of the larvae of different species
had better be kept over for a
special paper dealing with a sub-

Fic. 1.—Allodape ceratinoides, Gribodo
(crinita, Brauns,?.l.). a, Adultlarva. ~
b, Head of the same (p. pseudo- ject worthy of careful and de-

podion): tailed study.

The second type of larva is illustrated by that of A. pringlev,
Cameron. It is easily seen from this figure that it is altogether
different from the first. The egg is no longer lying loose at the
bottom of the cavity, but a row of eggs (up to ten or more in number)
is fastened, perpendicularly, probably by an agglutinous substance,
by the lower polar end to the walls of the hollowed stems, and arranged
in a more or less spiral curve. The larvae are provided with a great
number of short, fleshy, and contractile appendages disposed round
the segments. Friese uses the term Pseudopodion for these append-
ages. By the aid of these fleshy protuberances the larvae are able
to keep their position in the same level of the lumen of the gallery.
By pressing these protuberances against the rugosities of the walls,
and also against the bodies of their neighbours, they maintain the
position of the body in the gallery in such a way that the apical end
of the larvae and the heads of the same are each at the same level.
It follows that the hatching of the larvae must take place, approxi-

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 421

mately, at the same time. It is probable that the bee lays and
fastens the row of eggs in rapid succession. The feeding of the larvae
is accomplished in the following manner. The mother bee deposits
the food in the space left between the heads of the larvae so that
they can all feed at the same time from the same food supply.. The
pupae and the larvae after the last casting of skin are found near the

Ald ult Jarva Larva 4mm. long

Fie. 2.—Allodape pringler, Cameron (pungens, Brauns, 2.l.). a, Adult larva. 0,
Larva 4 mm. long. c, Head of adult larva from above. d, Interior of a
hollow stem of Rubus, with the eggs fastened by one pole in a row.

entrance, and the agglomeration of larvae still feeding are below them,
nearer to the bottom.

In principle the manner in which the larvae are fed in the two
typical instances here given is really the same. The larvae are not
fed directly by the mother bee, nor by regurgitation, but they are
fitted with integumentary organs for holding the food near the buccal
parts, and also in one case for clinging to the walls of the cavity.
They use the food supply in a way similar to that which that eminent
observer of ants and their life-history, Professor W. M. Wheeler, has
shown us so clearly to happen in the case of Ponerine Ant larvae. It
may be stated, however, that the larva casts off the integumentary

422 Annals of the South African Museum.

appendages at the last moult leading to the pro-pupal stage, when it
has already assumed the maggot-like appearance of the usual bee
larva.

The third method of feeding the larva is, in comparison with the
two already described, the most interesting and the most important.
I have only recently observed it in the case of a small species making
its nest in the Karroo plains in the dry stems of a native asparagus.
There is no doubt about the result of my observations since I have
come across about a dozen colonies.

In this species the mother bee carries in food for one larva only
at atime. As in the first type, she first lays the egg, which in com-
parison with her own size is enormous, being almost equal to one-
third of her own bulk. After the oviposition she brings in enough
food to last for the larva until it reaches the pupal stage. The volume
of this pollen mass is about the same as we find in cases of solitary
bees, as for instance in any of the partitions of the nest of a Ceratina
species of the same size. It is quite sufficient for one larva. If we
open the nest we find one larva clinging to a pollen mass, another to
the next one, and so on. On the top of all is a fresh egg, and above
it a pollen mass which the bee is about to completes. When several
larvae are present the one on the bottom is the most advanced.
I found the colonies provided in this manner in all stages of growth.
The external appearance of the larva is also different from that of the
two first-described types. The larva clings closely and broadly with
its very flat ventral surface to the food mass. Only two comparatively
small and inconspicuous fleshy protuberances, the anterior larger than
the posterior, are to be seen on each side of the larva. It will be
necessary to observe more closely the habits of this species. More
will probably be found providing their larvae in this manner.

There is only one difference separating the economy of this bee
from that of the general type of solitary bees, namely, that in this
instance there is no partition between two adjacent larvae and their
store of food.

This point is of great importance, and should be thoroughly grasped.
All other solitary bees provide first the food, then lay the egg on it,
and close the cell or partition, proceeding after this with another
partition resting on the closed one. In the case of this Allodape the
process is the same, except that the egg is first laid, then a sufficiency
of provender carried in for the future larva; another egg is laid
above the first, food brought in for the same; and soon. But there
is no partition separating the larvae and their food as in the case

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 423

of all other solitary bees; and the gallery is not closed after the last
egg has been provisioned with the required food.

The reason for this method of oviposition may perhaps be explained
as follows. As mentioned before, the egg is very voluminous in
comparison to the size of the mother bee. It is hardly credible that
a small bee should lay eggs one-third her own size in rapid succession.
Such eggs take time to mature in so small an ovarium, and cannot there-
fore be laid at short intervals. .Owing to this, the bee has time
enough to bring in food sufficient to feed each larva till the pupal
stage is reached.

In the first type of oviposition and food storage, it is true, as already
stated, that the egg is also very large, but we do not know the time
required for the completion of the oviposition. In the second type,
where numerous eggs are fastened to the walls of the gallery, the size
of these eggs is small, and accords with the size of the mother bee.
From the description of their position it is evident that they must
be laid in rapid succession in order to allow all the hatched larvae
to feed from the same food supply, and at the same time.

It is plain that more observations are needed to complete the
knowledge of the economy of this most interesting genus of solitary
bees, but the few facts now recorded cannot but be of value as throw-
ing a new light on the evolution of the foundation of colonies among
Apidae.

DISTRIBUTION.

The species of Allodape are distributed over tropical and sub-
tropical Africa. They occur also in India and Australia. In tropical
Africa there is an exceedingly large number of species, but owing to
the small size of most of them, as well as to the difficulty inherent
to identification of the species which are not bred out of the nest, little
attention has been given them by hymenopterologists.

They abound in the western, eastern, and southern parts of South
Africa, chiefly on the coastal belt, where abundance of flowers appar-
ently favours their occurrence. In the grassy plains of the Orange
Free State and the Transvaal they are rare. In the Karroo plains
of Cape Colony they are numerous. Near Port Elizabeth and near
Cape Town I found them nesting in great numbers in the dry stems
of liliaceous, iridaceous, and amaryllidaceous plants and others.
I also found numerous species in the tropical parts of West and
Hast Africa.

Although the number of African kinds must be very large, only

424 Annals of the South African Museum.

a comparatively small number of species has been described, and,
unfortunately, from single captured specimens. The descriptions are
on that account very insufficient and unreliable. The females of the
smaller species are very difficult to separate owing to the absence of
good structural characters. Although the colour and the facial
markings of many kinds seem to be fairly constant, and must be
taken into account for the purpose of differentiation, in other species
_ these characters are no longer constant. For this reason I have only
made use of them when other distinct differences failed. Thus some
parts of the body such as the coxae, trochanters, and femora of the
males, the ultimate tergites and sternites, and also the facial surface
of the females afford in certain species useful structural distinctions.

PARASITES OR MESS-MATES.

I have described the only parasite hitherto known to be found in
the nest of Allodape bees: Hucondylops konowi, Br. (Friese’s Die
Bienen Afrikas). I met with this singular bee in the nests of
Allodape elizabethana, Br., and A. paradoxa, Br. Near Willowmore
I discovered it also in the nest of Allodape pringler, Cam., and Friese
received it from the northern parts of South Africa. It 1s, however,
not yet clear if this bee is a true parasite of the Allodape bee, or whether
its relations to the latter are those of a mess-mate, as in the case of
Bombus and Psithyrus. It is to be hoped that other species of Hucon-
dylops, perhaps larger ones, may be found with the larger species
of Allodape.

DESCRIPTION.

It is too early to attempt giving the description of the species
occurring in the southern part of the African continent, and I have
therefore restricted my task to that of such as I have taken from the
nest, or bred from the nest. This paper cannot be more than the
prodromus of a monograph which has yet to be written. I have
examined a few types, but can attach little value to the descriptions
of Cameron, Vachal, and others. Cameron described a species of
Allodape, of which I saw the type, as a Prosopis ; probably he has
done the same for more species of the first genus. Owing to the
inadequacy of the literature I have been compelled to describe most
of the species in my collection, and others, as new ; but as the number
of existing descriptions of Allodape is small, the task of clearing the
synonymy will not be a heavy one for the hymenopterologist who

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 425

will ultimately undertake it. Friese in his Die Bienen Afrikas
(Schultze’s Reise im Westl. und Zentral. Siidafrika) enumerates thirty-
one African species. My own research leads me to the conclusion
that this is only a “ drop in a glass of water.”

The tropical Allodape seem to be very interesting, and are made
conspicuous by the structure of the males. I hope that this paper
will lead to a more careful observation of the habits of this interesting
genus. I hold that to describe species of this genus from single |
captured specimens will only produce endless confusion and lay an
almost unsupportable burden on those who undertake further work
in connection with this genus of bees.

The genus Allodape, St. Farg. & Serv., is founded by these authors
on Allodape rufogastra, Lep., which has thus to be considered as the
“Genotype.” The characters assigned to the genus, when trans-
lated, are as follows: “ Maxillary palps four-jointed ; labial palps
four-jointed. Ocelli disposed in a triangle. Scutellum bluntly
raised ; tibiae of the intermediate legs with one simple spur at apex,
those of the hind legs with two simple spurs. Radial cell of the fore-
wing oval, narrowed from middle to apex, with a small appendix ;
three cubital cells, the first larger than the second, which is narrowed
towards the radial, and receiving the two recurrent nervures; the
third cell reaches the apex of the wing. ‘Tarsal claws bifid.”

St. Fargeau adds that he does not know on what genus the species
(A. abdominale, St. Farg., A. rufogastra, Lep. & Serv.) is a parasite.
Taschenberg, in his synoptic table of bees, gives the following generic
description of the genus Allodape, of which I here give the translation :
“ Maxillary palps dimorphic. Genae small. Labrum short, convex,
hardly visible. Mandibles bi-dentate, their base reaching the edge of
the eye. Ocelli disposed in an acute triangle. Antennae filiform,
with the second joint short. Radial cell lanceolate, narrowed from
the middle towards the apex. Two cubital cells, the first about twice
as long as the second, the latter arcuate outwardly, only slightly
narrowed on the upper side, and receiving both the recurrent nervures,
the first of which is further removed from the anterior corner than
the second from the posterior. Median nervure arcuate. Basal lobe
of hind wings about the length of the submedian cell. Body fairly
smooth, elongated. Thorax ovate; abdomen elliptical, the last
segments depressed towards the apex in the female, but as acuminate
as in the female of Ceratina ; legs pilose as in the female of Ceratina,
and without genicular scale.”

426 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. ALLODAPE, Lepell.
Encyl. method. Ins., x, 1825, p. 18.

The genus Allodape is clearly related to Hxoneura and Ceratina.
The former is an Australian genus, of which the habits are unknown.
Ceratina larvae are long and parallel in shape, but have on the sides
of the segments conspicuous fleshy protuberances, which are of no
actual use because they are immovable; but their presence seems
to indicate a near relationship to Allodape.

The shape of the 2 and 3 respectively is very similar in both these
genera. In each the female has the apical end of the abdomen sharply
pointed, whereas the apical end of the male is convex and tumid, the
last tergites curving towards the ventral surface. On the other hand
the 2 of Allodape has a very characteristic structure of the abdominal
segments. The tergites overlap each other extensively towards the
ventral surface, and are therefore much wider than the corresponding
sternites. The apical three or four tergites are in all species distinctly
flattened, the flatness increasing towards the tip of abdomen. This
structure of the abdomen enables the bee—as it does in the genus
Megachile—to curve the abdomen upwards to an unusual extent.
The sting is therefore also directed upwards. This peculiarity is of
biological value. When the stem inhabited by Allodape is disturbed,
one of the females moves backwards to the entrance, and closes it
completely by means of the flattened surface of the last tergite, and
the sting directed upwards defends the entrance very effectively.
The surface of the flattened tergites is as a rule very roughly sculptured.
The first tergite is nearly always hollowed at the base, and with two
rounded, semi-lunar, raised, and not very conspicuous tubercles, one
on each side. The tongue is very long, and although the species of
Allodape visit all sorts of flowers, they prefer those that have a tubular
corolla, such as the Labiatae, Solanum, Lycium, and others. The
clypeus in the female of all species of Allodape is conspicuously
elongated in front. The mandibles of the female are short and
broad, triangular in form, and very powerful, so as to be able
to remove the pith of the stems inhabited by these bees. The spurs
of the hind legs are very long, nearly half the length of the metatarsus.
In the male sex of a large section of the South African species the
trochanter of the hind legs bears two dentiform protuberances, while
in another, but smaller, section of South African species the tro-
chanters are simple. This character may perhaps lead to a morpho-
logical division of the South African species into two distinct sections.

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 427

The livery is much alike. The colour of the head and thorax is
mostly black, of the abdomen wholly or in part black or red. The
face in a large section of the species has in the female three longitudinal
lines of white or yellow, one running longitudinally along the middle
of the clypeus, the other two along the inner part of the orbits. The
extent of these markings is very variable, and cannot be relied upon
as stable. A second section has on the clypeus a T-shaped mark of
variable size. In all these species the males have generally a totally
white or yellow clypeus. Sometimes the face is completely black with-
out white or yellow markings. The scutellum has in some species a
white or yellow transverse band, which is variable in size, and may dis-
appear altogether in the same species. The same is the case with
the white or yellow bands and spots on the pronotum, the squamae
of the fore-wings, and the humeral tubercles of the shoulder. The
external border of the eyes at the tempora bears in the majority of
species a yellow or white line, more or less variable in size and extension.
I have not yet seen any species with yellow or white markings on the
abdomen or other parts of the body. It is very difficult as a rule to
separate specifically the smaller black species. Only the observation
of the nest will give a clue in their case.

Allodape angulata, new sp.

2. Black; a dull yellow, narrow, median longitudinal line reaching
from the frontal margin of the clypeus to the oral margin, but some-
times obliterated or even absent. The inner orbit is of the same
colour, broader in the lower part, narrowed towards the vertex,
neither reaching to the base of the eyes nor to the vertical margin
of the same. The outer orbit at the tempora has a narrow line of
the same colour obliterated above and below.

$. Black. The clypeus is bright yellow with only a small black
anterior margin. The yellow colour is sometimes not sharply defined
towards the oral black edge. In some of my specimens I find no
trace of a yellow line at the tempora. In the lower part of the face
between the clypeus and the lower part of the inner orbit is a some-
what triangular large patch of yellow, rounded towards the clypeus
and straight along the inner orbit, but not reaching higher than the
frontal margin of the clypeus.

°. Mandibles shiny, short, nearly triangular in shape, smooth, with
a few scattered punctures and a long narrow groove along the lower
edge, bi-dentate; genae—v.e. the space between the mandibular

428 Annals of the South African Museum.

joint and the lower pole of the eyes—hardly conspicuous, half as
wide as the 3rd antennal joint. Labrum semicircular, very broadly
and roughly punctured, the punctures variolate ; clypeus somewhat
elongate in the oral part, oral margin nearly straight and slightly
sinuate inthe middle. The lower lateral edges of the clypeus carinate ;
the carina, reaching the base of the mandibles, curves towards the
inner orbit, reaches the inner margin of the eyes about the middle
of the length, runs close to the eyes up to the frontal part, and curves
towards the lower stemma, where it reaches the carinae, which enclose
the lower stemma. Clypeus coarsely punctured in the upper part and
near the edges, smooth longitudinally in the middle. Sides of the
face coarsely punctured, more scantily so towards the eyes; frons
between antennae more finely and closely punctured than the sides.
A carina reaches from each of the upper stemmata towards the middle
line, enclosing the lower stemma; below the latter the carinae are
angularly broken and run narrowly together towards the clypeus,
uniting immediately above the point of insertion of the antennae.
Vertex finely punctured between the stemmata, almost smooth
between the latter and the eyes, and bearing only a few setigerous
punctures. ‘Tempora broad, sparsely punctured, shining. Dorsulum
of the mesothorax broadly smooth and shining, without punctures in
the middle, coarsely but sparsely punctured all round the edges ;
a finely impressed longitudinal line reaches in the middle from the
anterior margin of the mesothorax to the punctured belt in front
of the scutellum. This as well as the metanotum (postscutellum)
sparsely and coarsely punctured. The cordate area of the median seg-
ment is circularly grooved in the centre and there dulled by a coria-
ceous sculpture, the sides being sparsely and finely punctured. The
sides of the median segment are finely punctured. The meso-
pleurae are sparsely and coarsely punctured throughout; the meta-
pleurae smooth, shiny, and impunctate. Tergites of the abdomen
strongly punctured, the punctures aciculate towards the end of the
abdomen; the first near the hind margins roundly raised on both
sides, the hind margins narrowly smooth, those of the 4th and 5th
weakly carinate. The last tergite (6th) ends in the middle in a sharp
mucro, on each side of which the margin is angular; this tergite is
concave in the middle, the mucro and the angular margin being
recurved. The tergites are depressed towards the apex of the
abdomen, as in all species of the genus Allodape, the sternites of the
abdomen are more or less smooth at the basal, and coarsely punctured
in the apical part. The 6th or last sternite is in the shape of an

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 429

equilateral, the sharply pointed apex of which reaches that of the
dorsal mucro; the segment has a median longitudinal smooth line.
The pubescence of the female is distributed as follows :—Mandibles,
labrum, clypeus and face with scanty and short ferruginous hairs.
The hairs are longer on the vertex, very scanty on the tempora. The
sides and margins of the mesothorax, scutellum, mesonotum, and sides
of the median segment bear a pale fulvous pubescence; the meso-
pleurae and sterna, the coxae and upper side of femora are covered
with the same pale fulvous pubescence. The tubercles (scapulae)
have a thick fringe of appressed hairs on the apical margin. The
tergites bear a short grey pubescence intermixed with short black
bristles on the depressed segments; long ferruginous hairs cover
scantily the sides of the abdomen and the posterior parts of the
sternites, and are very conspicuous on the last sternite. The under-
side of the femora is smooth, shiny, hairless and concave so as to
admit the tibiae. The colour of the hair-brushes of the middle and
hind tibiae and metatarsi is bright ferruginous. The wings are
smoky, iridescent, with brown nervures. The stigma is long, and
light brown in the middle.

Length.—13-16 mm.

3. The anterior margin of the clypeus is broadly truncate and
straight. There is hardly a trace of the facial carinae in the lower
face, but the two fine carinae from the lower stemma are parallel
and very narrow; the frontal stemma is situated in a shallow im-
pression enclosed by rounded walls. The genae (spaces between
mandibles and eyes) are broader than in the 9, as broad as the length
of the third joint of the antennae. The punctation of the body is
much the same as in the 9, but finer. The smooth margins of the
2nd to 5th tergites are pale testaceous. The last tergite and sternite
are rounded. The fringe of the apical segments is fulvous. The
metatarsi and tarsi of all the legs are light ferruginous in colour with
a fulvous pubescence, the hind trochanters have each five short blunt
teeth on the inner edge; the basal edge of the hind femur is bluntly
triangular.

Length.—13-16 mm.

This is one of the largest of the South African species. The Q is
readily recognised by the peculiar shape of the last tergite of the
abdomen. Allodape paradoxa, Brauns, has a similarly shaped dorsal
segment, but is only half the size of A. angulata. The g can be easily
mistaken for the same sex of Allodape clypeata, Brauns, and is of the
same size.

430 Annals of the South African Museum.

I am not quite sure whether Allodape angulata is the Allodape
mucronata, Smith. In fact, the description of the latter agrees so
very well with my species that I believe it to be the same. However,
the colour of the abdomen is different in Smith’s species. It may be
that he described his species from an immature example. The
species seems to be restricted to the western and south-western parts
of the Cape Province. The habitats known to me are :—Cape Pro-
vince: Uniondale (December) ; Willowmore (October) ; Cape Town
(December). I found the nest inhabited by both sexes in the dry
inflorescence stems of an iridaceous plant at Uniondale.

Allodape paradoxa, new sp.

2. Black; the face in most specimens totally black, sometimes with
a more or less distinct longitudinal line of lurid yellow in the centre
of the clypeus.

g. Black, with the face black or with a more or less broad longi-
tudinal median yellow line on the clypeus, sometimes dilated above
or below.

©. Mandibles very scantily punctured. Genae as wide as the length
of the pedicel of the antennae. Labrum convex, with a few large
punctures. Clypeus somewhat elongate, the oral margin truncate in
the middle, sparsely punctured, as is also the lower part of the face
between the clypeus and the orbit ; separated from the frons on each
side by an impressed line, which becomes grooved towards the oral
margin of the clypeus. The clypeus as well as the face has an adipose
sheen due to an extremely fine unctuous punctation. The twin keel
between the antennae is distinct, and reaching neither the clypeus
nor the lower stemma ; the latter situated in a groove with rounded
walls. <A fine impressed line runs towards the keel between the anten-
nae. Frons and temples shiny with a few fine scattered punctures ;
mesonotum with a few scattered punctures in the middle, more closely
punctate towards the sides and the scutellum. The latter is dull,
sparsely punctured, and like the adjoining belt of mesonotum extremely
finely shagreened. Mesonotum with a finely impressed line in the
middle and on each side. The cordate area of the median segment
is closely punctured, opaque, well defined, and coriaceous. The sides
of the median segment are shining. Mesopleurae shining, sparsely
punctured, each puncture bearing a hair. First tergite with a rounded
tubercle on each side, hardly punctured, but like the following tergites
extremely finely shagreened. The other tergites are very finely but

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 431

sparsely punctured. The shagreened sculpture becomes closer and
duller towards the apex of the abdomen. Last tergite concave on
each side of the hind margin, angularly produced in the middle, and
obtusely and roundly pointed, the extreme point and the side angles
being recurved. ‘The sternites are shining, glossy at the basal part,
sparsely punctured and setigerous in the apical. The last sternite
is trapezoidal, ending in two sharp points, which are curved upwards,
covering and overlapping the obtusely pointed last tergite; last
sternite sinuate between the points.

The pilosity of this species is scanty on the oral parts, vertex,
scutellum, pleurae, sides of abdomen, and basal parts of the legs, and
is of a greyish-white colour. The scopa of the hind legs is greyish-
white, the hairs of the median and hind metatarsus ferruginous.

Length.—6-7 mm.

3. The punctation of the male is much the same as that of the
female. The main character separating this sex from the other small
black species of the genus is the form of the hind femora, which are
broadly swollen and enlarged, and rounded at the basal angle. The
hind trochanters are not spinose; the hind tibiae are somewhat
curved, and enlarged towards the apex; the last tergite is broadly
rounded, and hardly sinuate in the middle. Fringe of the top of the
abdomen ferruginous. Wings hyaline with iridescent sheen. Stigma
and veins piceous. Pubescence greyish.

Length.—5-—6 mm.

This species is not common. I found it in August nesting at Port
Elizabeth in dry inflorescence stalks of Liliaceae, and also at the same
time of the year at Willowmore. The female is easily recognised by
the shape of the last abdominal segment; the male by the form of
the hind femora.

Allodape ceratinoides, Gribodo.
Bull. Soc. ent. Ital., xvi, 1884, p. 269.

®. Black ; the middle line of the clypeus and the inner orbit from
the mandibles up to nearly the height of the lower stemma yellow,
the lateral lines nearly of the same width. The hind border of the
eyes at the temples with a narrow yellow line. Stigma of the fore-
wings luteous.

g. Black; clypeus and labrum yellow, inner orbit with a yellow
line broader at the base and narrowing towards the apex. The line
at the temples bordering the hind margin of the eyes is narrow as in
the . Stigma of the fore-wings luteous.

432 Annals of the South African Museum.

Q. Mandibles triangular, smooth with a few scattered punctures.
Labrum trapezoidal, deeply and broadly punctured, punctures
umbilicate. Clypeus produced, oral margin truncate with a few
coarse punctures near the margin. The clypeus as well as the sides
of the face evenly but not closely punctured, punctures setigerous.
The keel between the eyes is distinct. Vertex on both sides smooth.
Occiput more closely punctured, tempora shining, bearing distinct
but scattered punctures. Mesothorax smooth in the middle, im-
punctate, the frontal, lateral and hind parts closely and distinctly
punctured. In the middle and on the sides are three abbreviated
impressed lines. Scutellum closely and more finely punctured than
the mesothorax. Cordate area of the median segment ill-defined,
not distinctly separated from the rest of the median segment, smooth
and without punctures. Tergites aciculate from the second one and
more closely towards the end of abdomen; the punctures setigerous.
Sternites sharply punctured in the apical parts; the last is triangular,
with a triangular smooth space at the base, and sends a fine carinula
to the apex. The pubescence is rich and on some parts villose. The
vertex, pleurae and pectus, the margins of the mesothorax and the
sides of the median segment, are densely clothed with a bright
brown-yellow villosity with a golden sheen in fresh specimens.
The metatarsi and the brush of the hind tibiae and tarsi are bright
ferruginous with a golden sheen. A conspicuous short velvety brush
at the end of the hind tibiae is bright purple. This brush is situated
on the external side of the tibiae, and reaches from the apex to past
the middle. The pubescence of the ventral part, sides, and apex of
the abdomen is scantier, but long and whitish-grey.

$. Sculpture and pubescence are much the same asin the?. Labrum
quadrangular, smooth with a few scattered punctures. Basal part of
clypeus smooth, hardly punctured. The punctures of the apical
clypeus large and dispersed. The hind margins of the last three or
four tergites are somewhat raised, smooth, the last rounded. The
lower angles of the hind femora are sharply triangular.

The trochanter is provided with a sharp curved tooth on the inner
base and a nodiform process towards the base of the femur. The
fringe on the end of the abdomen is ferruginous. The pubescence
of the legs is of the same bright colour, but not so dense and long as
in the female. The purple brush of the external edge of the hind
tibiae is conspicuous, but shorter than in the 9.

Length.—@ 12 mm., $ 9-11 mm.

Though I have not seen the type, I have not the least doubt that

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Genus Allodape. 433

this species is the one described by Gribodo. His description is good,
and the habitat of the type, Port Elizabeth, is the same as for most
of my specimens. It is common along the eastern coast of the Cape
Province, where it seems to have a wide range. I found it at Port
Elizabeth, George, Knysna, Uniondale, etc. It breeds all the year
round in the stem of any plant with a soft pith. I found it nesting
in Rubus, and the inflorescence stalks of liiaceous and amaryllidaceous
plants. The main character of the 9 is the size, villosity, and colour.
When the colour of the latter is faded it can easily be confounded with
related species. The male will be recognised best by the form of the
hind trochanter and the angulated base of the hind femur.

I have in the past sent the species to correspondents under the
mm litt. name A. villosa.

Allodape hirsuta, new sp.

2. Black, with a broad yellow longitudinal line in the middle of the
clypeus. The inner orbit, the posterior margin of the eyes on the
tempora, and a broad transverse band on the scutellum, somewhat
bisinuate at the base, are also yellow. Stigma of the fore-wings
brown.

$. Black, the clypeus totally yellow, otherwise with the same yellow
markings as the 9. The inner orbit is more broadly yellow at the
base than on the upper part.

The sculpture and punctation of this species is exactly the same
as in A. ceratinoides, Gribodo. The two species are very closely
related, but A. hirsuta is of much larger size, and the coloration is
constant. The dense villosity of the body and legs is alike in the two
species, as well as the bright colour and sheen of the pubescence,
including the purple brush of the hind tibiae.

In the g the main characters are also the same as in the same sex
of A. ceratinoides. The base of the hind femur is sharply and tri-
angularly produced, and the teeth and protuberances of the trochanter
are shaped as in ceratinotdes.

Length.—@ 12-15 mm., g 12-14 mm.

I found this species nesting at Port Elizabeth under the same
conditions and in the same plants as A. ceratinoides, but in nests
always separated from each other, thus showing that hirsuta is a
distinct species. I found it also near Knysna. The species seems to
inhabit the east coast of the Cape Province, having thus the same
range as A. ceratinoides. It breeds all the year round.

VOL. XXIII, PART 3. 29

434 _ Annals of the South African Museum.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
PuaTe XI.
Allodape ceratinoides, Gribodo.

a, Male. 0b, Female. c, d, e, Pupae.
f. g, h, Pupae enlarged.

1, k, l, m, Full-grown larvae.

n, 0, p, Younger larvae.

q, T, Small larvae.

s, t, Kegs.

Pirate XII. ‘
Allodape pringlei, Cameron

a, Female, dorsal view.

b, Female, lateral view.

c, Last dorsal segment of male.
d, Head of male.

e, f, Pupae.

g, Small larvae.

h, Larger (older) larvae.

t, Full-grown larvae.

k, Pupae, enlarged.

1, Eggs. '

( 435 )

8. On some South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the
South African Museum.—By CLaupe Morey, F.Z.8., F.E.S.,
Memb. Soc. Entom. de France, etc. Part III.

RECENT consignments of Parasitic Hymenoptera have enabled me
again to extend our still limited knowledge of the species occurring in
Southern Africa, and to supplement my former studies upon them,
contained in the Revision of Ichneumonidae and in these Annals,
Vol. XV, pp. 353-400, and Vol. XVII, pp. 191-229. As before, a
large proportion of the species enumerated is from the interesting
district of Zululand, where the insect fauna of the east-central regions
merges with that of the more southern parts of the Continent. The
lesser proportion of new kinds in the present paper may, I think, be
taken as indicative that our knowledge is at length approaching,
though still far distant from, perfection. The European Continent
and America to the north of Mexico are the only parts of the globe
of which we yet possess anything like full accounts of Ichneumonidae :
a first volume of the Indian species was published in 1913, and a second
awaits nothing but official sanction for its appearance. South Africa
may now be regarded as the next forward in this respect, for nothing
but isolated accounts have yet been put forth by other countries.
The Swedes, however, who have given us a good lead since Holmgren
began to publish in 1855, are now contributing much literature on
the group. The types of the new species mentioned in the following
list are in the South African Museum.

CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE.

ICHNEUMONIDAE.
Ichneumoninae.
JOPPIDES.

Errsoppa, Morl. XANTHOJOPPA, Cam.

rubricata, Morl. | lutea, Cam.

fumosa, Morl. inermis, Morl.

tricolor, n. sp. CoBLICHNEUMON, Thoms.
Iscunosoppa, Kriech. sublunifer, Morl.

luteolator, Fab. geminifer, Morl.

globulifer, Morl.

sulcifer, Morl.

436 Annals of the South African Museum.

OXYPYGINI.

MELANICHNEUMON, Thoms.

rufator, Morl.
LAGENESTA, Cam.
duplicator, Morl.
sinifer, Morl.
LEPTOTHECUS, Cam.
alutacefer, Morl.
HoLcIcHNEUMON, Cam.
vindex, n. sp.
BARICHNEUMON, Thoms.
basiglyptus, Kriech.
IcHNEUMON, Linn.
aethiopicus, Cam.
leppani, Cam.

AMBLYPYGINI.

AMBLYTELES, Wesm.
schonlandi, Cam.

ICHNEUMONIDES.

CHARITOJOPPA, Cam.
thoracica, Morl.

LISTRODROMINI.

ANISOBAS, Wesm.
ruficeps, Cam.
Nerotyeus, Forst.

gravidus, sp. n.

PLATYURINI.

CTENOCHARES, Forst.
blandita, Tosq.
testacea, Szepl.
striolata, Cam.

PLATYLABUS, Wesm.
testaceus, Morl.
vallatus, Morl.
hemierythraeus, Morl.
opaculus, Thoms.
ceta, Morl.
phorcys, Morl.

Cryptinae.
PHYGADEUONIDES.

H®EMITELINI.

LIENELLA, Cam.
annulata, Cam.
canaliculata, Cam.
quadriannulata, Cam.

CAENOPIMPLA, Cam.
Crassa, Sp. N.

HEMITELES, Grav.
nigrescens, NOM. N.

GorypuHus, Holmer.
scutellator, sp. n.
testaceus, Morl.
caviclypeus, sp. 0.
corniger, Morl.
lineiger, sp. n.
visulcatus, Morl.
cinctitibia, Morl.

pulchrator, nom. n.
testaceator, nom. n.
tunisiae, NOM. n.
tisisthenes, sp. n.
aestivalis, Grav.
laevigatus, Ratz.

CRY PTIDES.

MESOSTENINI.

parvidens, Cam.
aello, Morl.
MESOSTENUS, Grav.
denticlypeus, Morl.
edenticlypeus, sp. n.
rhodesiae, Cam.
albilabris, Cam.
octans, Morl.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Coliection of the S.A. Museum.

MEsSOSTENINI—continued.

MEsostTENts, Grav. ensator, Thunb.
leptonotus, Cam. testacellus, sp. n.
oneili, Cam. STENARAEUS, Thoms.
albipalpis, Cam. laevifrons, Cam.
protervus, Tosq. lightfootr, Cam.
agnatus, 'Tosq. ListrocNatuus, T'schek.
festivus, Tosq. bifrontalis, sp. n.

vulpro, Tosq.

CRYPTINI.

Era, Cam. testaceus, Cam.
castanea, Morl. CRYPTUS, Fab.

STICTOCRYPTUS, Cam. perturbator, Schulz.
petiolaris, Morl. rufoplagiatus, Cam.

Pimplinae.
PIMPLIDES.
PIMPLINI.

HEMIPIMPLA, Sauss. crocata, 'Tosq.
bifasciata, Morl, melanospiula, Cam. —
calliptera, Sauss. THERONIA, Holiner.
superba, Szepl. melanocera, Holmgr.

Pimp.a, Fab.
spiloaspis, Cam.

GLYPTINI.

SJOSTEDTIELLA, Szepl. nigritornata, Cam,
vittinotum, sp. n. unirufa, sp. n.
erythrostoma, sp. n.

LISSONOTIDES.

SyzEuctus, Forst. ASPHRAGIS, Forst.
fulvipalpis, Cam. flavidorbitalis, Cam.
annulatus, Brulle. rufipes, Cam.
sptlostoma, Cam. stramined, sp. Nn.
interstitialis, Cam. Lissonota, Grav.
bisannulatus, sp. n. deversor, Grav.

ACAENITIDES.

Acronus, Tosq. PARACOLLYRIA, Cam.
enderleini, Schulz. flavipennis, Cam.
saliuformis, Enderl. ruficollis, Cam.

CTENOTOMA, Cam. PHAENOLOBUS, Forst.

ruficeps, Cam. flavus, Rom.

437

438 Annals of the South African Museum.

BANCHIDES.
Txcona, Morl. | disereta, Morl.
TRYPHONINAE.
METOPIIDES.
Meropivs, Panz. | discolor, Tosq.
TRY PHONIDES.

PERILISSUS, Holmgr. Prionopopa, Holmer.
semtfulvator, n. sp. testaceoides, sp. n.
ERROMENUS, Holmer. CTENOPELMA, Holmer.
fumipennis, sp. n. ligulata, sp. n.

Ophioninae.
CREMASTIDES.

CREMASTUS, Grav. pallidus, Kriech.
annulicornis, Tosq. noxiosus, Morl.
geminus, Grav. PIMPLOMORPHA, Cam.
testaceus, Szepl. trilineata, Cam.

CAMPOPLEGIDES.

XANTHOCAMPOPLEX, Morl. NeEprierRA, Forst.
flavescens, Morl. concinna, Holmer.

CAMPOPLEX, Grav. AnaitiA, Holmer.
erythrospilus, Cam. apostata, Grav.
crassicaput, 1. sp. RuimmePHoctona, Forst.

bolibasis, sp. n.

ANOMALIDES.

TrRIcHOMMA, Wesm. | albicoxa, Morl.

OPHIONIDES.

Notorracuys, Marsh. EURYOPHION, Cam.
NWVANA, Sp. N. superbus, Morl.
bidentata, Cam. nebulifer, n. sp.
callicrates, nom. n. PLEURONEUROPHION, Ashm.
ferruginea, Cam. pruinosus, Cam.
flavomaculata, Cam. HENICcOSPILUS, Steph.
foliator, Fab. bisimpressus, Brulle.
nigricans, Cam. rubens, Tosq.
rufidens, Cam. OpuHton, Fab.
rufipes, Cam. discinervis, sp. 0.
tisisthenes, nom. n. Eurycamptus, Morl.

latipennis, Kirb.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 439

PANISCIDES.
Pawniscus, Schr. aethiopicus, Szepl.
testaceus, Grav. melanocotis, Holmer.
MESOCHORIDES.
MESOCHORUS, Grav. Me rreshcouane

Famity ICHNEUMONIDAE.
Subfamily Iehneumoninae.
Trine JOPPIDES.

Erisoppa, Morl.
Revis. Ichn., iv, 1915, p. 49.
Epyoppa rubricata, Morl.
Loc! eit:, p. o3:

3. Very similar, especially in its structure of face and clypeus, to the
© but with internal orbits broadly white from clypeal base to level
with apical ocellus ; anus, base of ventral plica and centre of mandibles,
also white. Metathorax somewhat closely punctate with the laterally
carinate areola smooth and glittering, and the external areae striate
to the obsolete costulae. Hind legs infuscate, with griseous tibial
pilosity. Wings slightly and evenly flavescent throughout. Length,
11 mm.

‘M’fongosi in Zululand during December 1910, captured by Mr. W. E.
Jones. The species of this genus range throughout the warmer regions
of the Continent.

EHpuyoppa fumosa, Morl.
Mocs cite, Daol:

A large 2 from Salisbury in September 1913. This species is now
known from Nyassaland, Rhodesia, and Mashonaland.

IscHNoJopPA, Kriech.
Ent. Nachr., xxiv, 1893, p. 32.
I. luteolator, Fab.

H.S. Suppl., 1798, p, 222.

Found by Dr. L. Péringuey at Knysna in Cape Colony during
October 1916.

440) Annals of the South African Museum.

Epyoppa tricolor, sp. nov.

A stout red species with the mandibular base, frontal and temporal
orbits, small callosity before radices, postscutellum, apical margin
of all the segments except third and centre of second, coxae except
centre of hind ones beneath, anterior tibiae externally and apices
of their femora, pure white; tegulae, fourth and following segments,
venter, mesosternum, stigma, hind trochanters and centre of their
coxae, black. Metathorax distinctly punctate, with areola strongly
transverse and costulae conspicuous ; face not sulcate ; clypeal tooth
small but acute. Length, 10mm. Female only. |

This species agrees with the Nigerian #. rubricata, Morl., in its
hyaline wings, rufescent mesonotum, antennae, and legs; though
differing in the white postscutellum, red metathorax, flagellar apices
and abdominal base, as well as in the above sculpture. The. type
occurred at Bulawayo in Southern Rhodesia during May 1917, to
R. W. Tucker.

Trine ICHNEUMONIDES.
Subtribe OxyYPYGINI.

Gen. MELANICHNEUMON, Thoms.
Opusc. Entom., xviii, 1893, p. 1954.

Melanicheneumon rufator, Morl.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., xv, 1916, p. 363.

3S. Differs from the 9 in having the antennae setaceous and discally
infuscate, with the flagellar joints subset and the six central ones, like
the palpi, front coxae, line before and callosity below radices, the sides
of scutellum basally, and whole anus, white. Length,7 mm. This
androtype was captured during March 1917, by W. HE. Jones, at
M’fongosi, Zululand.

Gen. HotcicHNEUMON, Cam.

Ann. Mus. Transvaal, 11, 1911, p. 175.

Holcichneumon vindex, sp. nov.

A dull black and ‘somewhat stout species with the scutellum,
mesonotum, and propleurae sanguineous-red; head, antennae,
mesosternum, metanotum, segmental apices and coxae, partly white.

ee eee

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 441

Head discally subglobose, buccate behind and below the eyes; palpi
mandibular base, external and frontal orbits, with whole face and
clypeus except a longitudinal line on former, white ; clypeus deplanate,
apically truncate and basally not discreted. Antennae setigerous and
apically subserrate, with seven central joints and a dot beneath scape,
white. Thorax stout and not closely punctate, with notauli short ;
mesonotum and upper part of propleurae subnitidulous and bright
red ; two small lines at the wanting sternauli, a triangle on metanotum
consisting of a line through areola and apically traversing the wanting
apophyses, and a dot before the linear spiracles, white; areola sub-
parallel-sided with no basal area, emitting distinct costulae from its
centre. Scutellum bright red, strongly deplanate and nitidulous with
sparse punctures, and laterally strongly carinate except at its extreme
apex, which is, lke the postscutellum, white. Abdomen fusiform
and dull, with the two or three basal segments aciculate; anus,
apices of sixth segment broadly, of fifth very narrowly, and of the
three basal ones more broadly at their sides, white; postpetiole
abruptly explanate, centrally finely aciculate, with a few lateral
punctures. Legs black and not stout; anterior internally, with
their coxae beneath mainly, and a spot above hind ones, white.
Wings very slightly infumate; stigma, tegulae and nervures black ;
basal nervure continuous; areolet triangular, coalescent above and
emitting the bifenestrate recurrent nervure from its centre. Length,
14mm. Male only.

I do not know Camarotella madagascarensis, Szepl., Bull. Mus.
Paris, ix, 1904, p. 336, which also possesses margined scutellum. The
type was found at M’fongosi in Zululand during March 1917, by
W. E. Jones.

Gen. BARICHNEUMON, Thoms.
Opusc. Hntom., xvin, 1893, p. 1959.

Barichneumon basiglyptus, Kriech.

Ichneumon basiglyptus, Kriech., Entom. Nachr., 1890, p. 294, 9;
Berth., Ann. Soc. Entom. France, 1895, p. 557, 96; Barichneumon
basiglyptus, Morl., Ichn. Brit., i, 1903, p. 91, 23.

A male has been found during 1914 by E. Fry at Eldoret in British
Kast Africa, doubtless imported with some Microlepidoptera from
Kurope, where it is known from Britain to Savoy.

449 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. IcHNEUMON, Linn.
Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, pp. 343 and 360.
Ichneumon aethiopicus, Cam.

Stenichneumon ? aethiopicus, Cam. Records Albany Mus., i, 1905,
(Os 2295, &

A homotype, sent me by Dr. L. Péringuey, and taken at Kimberley
by Mr. J. H. Power during 1912, is a genuine species of Ichneumon,
sensu Thomson; another $ was found by R. M. Lightfoot at 4500
feet during November 1916 at Great Winterhoek, near Tulbagh, in
the Cape Province. :

Ichneumon leppam, Cam.
ILM; Cian \0s AAO, &

The type of this species, simply labelled ‘‘ Miss Leppan, 1897,”’ is
closely allied to [chneumon vulneratorius, Zett. (Ins. Lapponica, p. 364),
which I have recently examined from the Kola Peninsula of Northern
Russia.

Subtribe AMBLYPYGINI.

Gen. AMBLYTELES, Wesm.
Act. Ac. Bruxelles, xvi, 1845.

Amblyteles schonlandi, Cam.
Ichneumon schonlandi, Cam. Records Albany Mus., i, 1905, p. 227, 2.

The type is certainly an Amblyteles, closely allied to A. glaucatorvus,
Fab.

Gen. CHARITOJOPPA, Cam.
Ann. Nat. Hist., vii, 1901, p. 383.
Charitojoppa thoracica, Morl.
Anne 52 Adee Mitise eacvan al Oil (eae 2 OU rte:

Q. This sex differs slightly from the ¢ in having the head black,
with the occiput, vertex, and frons to juxta-scrobal orbits red (an
unusual combination of colour) or entirely red; not stramineous-
marked. Antennae black, hardly explanate before their very strongly
attenuate apices; and five central joints white above. Pro- and
meta-thorax concolorous with abdomen, but not pale-marked ;
metapleurae rarely red; costulae obsolete. Scutellum not apically

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 443

paler. Abdomen, like that of the 3, cyaneous with apices of all the
segments, but third and fourth, stramineous. Anterior legs not
white-marked, their tibiae indefinitely rufescent. Length, 13-14 mm.

Found in the same locality as the $, during March and April 1917,
by W. E. Jones.

Subtribe LisTRODROMINI.
Gen. ANISOBAS, Wesm.
Nouv. Mem. Ac. Bruxelles, 1844, p. 111.
Syn. : Spanophatnus, Cam.
Records Albany Mus., 1, 1905, p. 230.

Amisobas ruficeps, Cam.

Spanophatnus ruficeps,Cam. Records Albany Mus., i, 1905, p. 231, 3.

An examination of the type, whose tarsal claws are not pectinate,
establishes the synonymy of these genera.

Gen. Neotypus, Forst.

Verh. pr. Rheinl., 1868, p. 194.

Neotypus gravidus, sp. nov.

2. A not unusually short species, convex, bright brick-red, with
palpi, anus, flagellar band and anterior legs internally, alone white ;
the head mainly, abdomen broadly in the centre and legs except
basally, black. Head as broad as thorax and posteriorly as broad as
the eyes; occiput shining and somewhat deeply punctate; frons
smooth with its base alone punctate, its immaculate orbits elevated
but not higher than eyes ;. face deplanate and indefinitely red, closely
and evenly punctate, continuous with the stout and rufescent clypeus ;
cheeks elongate and buccate, labrum exserted ; mandibles not stout,
jowls rufescent. Antennae elongate and slender, centrally white-
banded and apically strongly attenuate. Thorax very stout, but
shorter than abdomen, deeply and closely punctate, red with only
frenum and petiolar area nigriscent ; notauli wanting ; petiolar area
deeply impressed and occupying one-third of metanotum ; all other
areae wanting; lateral carinae weak, spiracles large and linear ;
apophyses wanting. Scutellum obsoletely punctate, strongly nitidu-

444 Annals of the South African Museum.

lous and margined throughout; postscutellum obsolete. Abdomen
elongate-ovate and black, with anus from base of fifth segment white,
and the obsoletely punctate first segment entirely red ; second segment
longitudinally punctate-striate, with very broad and deep gastroceli ;
terebra black and shortly exserted; hypopygium small and not
produced. Legs normal, with coxae and trochanters alone red; all
tarsal claws strongly pectinate; hind tarsi desunt. Wings neither
small nor broad, hyaline with apex of the sinuate radial nervure and
the sinus indefinitely infumate; stigma and nervures, radix and
tegulae black; lower basal nervure postfurcal; areolet not higher
than broad, laterally subcoalescent above. Length, 13 mm.

The type is labelled “ Mahila R, Kapie River, May 1912 (Rhodesia
Museum).”

Subtribe PLATYURINI.

Gen. CTENOCHARES, Forst.

Verh. pr. Rheinl., xxv, 1868, p. 191.

Ctenochares blandita, Tosq.

Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., 1896, p. 72; Morl., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., 1916,
p. 370.

Taken by W. Haygarth at Durban in Natal during 1914.

Ctenochares testacea, Szepl.
Kil.-Meru Exped., 1910; Morl., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., 1916, p. 370.

Females were captured by Bell-Marley during 1915 at Howick in
March and at Stella Bush in Natal.

Ctenochares striolata, Cam.

Brachycoryphus ? striolatus, Cam. Records Albany Mus., i, 1905,
p. 236, 3.

An examination of an homotypical female, which differs only
sexually from Cameron’s male description, sent by Dr. L. Péringuey,
convinces me that this species must be placed in Ctenochares and not
among the Mesostenini, as was done by its author. The black terebra
barely extends beyond the abdominal apex.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 445

Gen. PLATYLABUS, Wesm.
Nouv. Mem. Ac. Bruxelles, xviii, 1844, p. 150.

Platylabus testaceus, Morl.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., xvii, 1917, p. 204, 39.

Two more females have been captured at M’fongosi in Zululand
during April and May 1917.

Platylabus vallatus, Morl.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., xv, 1916, p. 370, and xvii, 1917, p. 204, 3.
©. Differs from the $ mainly in its scarlet-red, in place of testaceous,
coloration. Head with the occiput, clypeus, cheeks, centre of frons
and of face red. Antennae filiform, and subcompresso-dilated before
their attenuate apices; red with the fifth to seventh joints, and their
apices (beyond the nine-jointed white band) black. Mesonotum with
three indefinite black vittae, its disc not stramineous-marked ; areola
subcircular and apically truncate. Abdomen elongate-fusiform and,
like the legs, unicolorous red. Length, 11 mm.
M’fongosi in Zululand during May 1917; and Cape Town in 1913.

Platylabus opaculus, Thoms.
Platylabus pedatorwus, varr. 1 and 1b, Wesm., Bull. Ac. Belg., xv,
pt. 1, 1848, p. 309: Mant. 72.
P. opaculus, Thoms., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, viii, 1888, p. 124;
Opusc. Entom., xix, 1894, p. 2108, and xxi, 1896, p. 2044; Berth., Ann
Soc. Ent. France, Ixv, 1896, p. 322; Schm. Opusce. Ichn., iii, 1903,

p. 236, 3g.

A female of this black and coarsely sculptured species was captured
in Natal by A. Marshall during 1893. Its introduction was doubtless
accidental and its establishment improbable.

Platylabus phorcys, Morl.
Loc. cit., p. 202.

A colour form of the male, with metathorax entirely black, was
found with P. ceta above during May 1917.

Platylabus hemerythraeus, Morl.
Ib. ctt., xv, 1916, p. 380.

The male differs slightly from the female in having the abdomen
subparallel-sided and testaceous with only the valvulae, fifth, sixth, and

446 Annals of the South African Museum.

base of seventh segments black. Two males occurred at Salisbury in
Southern Rhodesia during May 1917, to R. W. Tucker.

Subfamily Cryptinae.
Traine PHYGADEUONIDES.
Subtribe Hemrrexint.
Gen. LIENELLA, Cam.

Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc., xv, January 1905, p. 196; Cam., Records
Albany Mus., i, April 1905, p. 246; Cam., Ann. 8S. Afr. Mus.,
Ve L906, pa lao:

Inenella annulata, Cam.
Ann. Miss diransvaa lini Owe ee li San

39. Black, with no red markings; abdomen striate and wings
unifasciate. Palpi, ligula, trochanters, anterior tibiae and in ¢ tarsi,
base of hind tibiae and in ¢ their calcaria, radix and tegulae, white ;
scape at least beneath and flagellar base, ¢ mandibles and remainder
of anterior legs, testaceous. First and basal half of second segments
coriaceous-striate, 2 also with basal half of two following segments
striate and remainder smooth; gastrocoeli large and nitidulous ;
second and third @ segments centrally transimpressed. Flagellum
of § setaceous, rather shorter than body and 23-jointed ; of 9 filiform,
basally attenuate, half length of body and 20-jointed. Wings hyaline
and not narrow, with nigrescent fascia from stigma to apex of recurrent
nervure, and in @ slightly infumate around lower basal nervure ;
terebra deflexed, stout and three-fourths length of basal segment.
Length (5 mm., teste Cam.), d2 7-74 mm.

The female is new, and was captured at Pinetown in Natal on 4th
November 1916 by H. W. Bell-Marley ; I have seen a male, taken by
W. E. Jones, during March 1917, at M’fongosi in Zululand.

Inenella canaliculata, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 155, 3.

Two males from M’fongosi, in Zululand, during March and April
were taken by W. E. Jones.

South African Ichneumomdae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 447

Inenella quadriannulata, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 157, 2.

The peculiar striate sculpture and elongate pilosity render this
species distinct. ‘The colour of both body and wings is variable ;
I have seen a female, captured by J. C. Swierstra on 12th November
1903 at Fountain Grove in the Pretoria district, with only the man-
dibular apices, part of coxae, of hind femora and of their tibiae and
their tarsi, and the third and fourth segments black; the alar fascia
confined to base of radial and apex of discoidal cells, with no infuma-
tion at the lower basal nervure as in the type. The second and third
segments are centrally transimpressed.

Gen. CAENOPIMPLA, Cam.
Mem. Manchester Phil. Soc., 1900, p. 99.
Acanthoprymnus, Cam., Entomologist, 1905, p. 249.
Camptolynz, Cam., Berl. Ent. Zeit., lv, 1910, p. 252.

Caenopimpla crassa, sp. nov.

6. A dull, rich red species with black markings and the wings
slightly infumate with a black subapical fascia. Head black, coarsely
and irregularly reticulate; face and clypeus discreted and closely
punctate with apex of latter truncate, margined and centrally foveate ;
mandibles weak, fulvous and nearly smooth; palpi pale testaceous.
Antennal scape and first flagellar joint red (reliquae desunt). Thorax
stout, broad, shining and punctate-transstriate, with only prothorax
apically and metasternum black; notauli and a central mesonotal
sulcus deeply impressed ; sternauli deep and half mesopleural length ;
metathorax with entire and very strong areae, but petiolar not dis-
creted ; basal area and areola broader than long, with costulae of
latter slightly behind its centre; lateral carinae weak,’ spiracles
circular. Scutellum subconvex, deeply and confluently punctate, not
laterally margined, with its basal fovea broad and sex-carinate ;
postscutellum obsolete. Abdomen elongate-ovate, short and broader
than thorax; second and third segments very coarsely and longi-
tudinally punctate-striate, centrally deeply transimpressed and, except
apically, black; apex of‘third truncate and white, with acute con-

448 Annals of the South African Museum.

colorous lateral spines; remaining segments, obsolete and concealed
beneath third, nigrescent, with membrane and valvulae whitish ; basal
segment stout, broad and quadricarinate, with its central sulcus deep
and stoutly transstriate. Legs slender and not elongate; testaceous
with anterior coxae and trochanters, hind tibiae and tarsi, nigrescent ;
hind coxae and femora black, with basal third of their tibiae pure
white. Tegulae and base of the black stigma very pale testaceous ;
lower basal nervure antefurcal and sub-infamate; nigrescent fascia
extending from base of radial nervure and apex of stigma to anal
nervure and slightly beyond the bifenestrate recurrent; nervellus
elongately antefurcal and intercepted at its lower fourth. Length,
( mune vomllays |

The type was found during February 1917, at M’fongosi in Zulu
land, by W. EH. Jones. It is very similar to the common Bengalese
C. striata though stouter, with the whole sculpture coarser and meta-
thoracic areae more definite.

Gen. HEMITELES, Grav.
Ichn. Europ., 1, 1829, p. 781.

Fourteen species still stand in this genus among the African fauna,
though some of them probably belong to allied genera. The follow-
ing rectifications are requisite:—H. nigrescens, Morl., nom. nov.
=H. nigricans, Burgst., Tunis. Hym., 1913, p. 24, 2 (nec Prov.
1882); H. pulchrator, Morl., nom. nov.=H. pulcherrimus, Szepl.,
Kil.-Meru Exped., 1910, p. 73 (nec Cam. 1904); 4H. testaceator,
Morl., nom. nov.=f. testaceus, Szepl., Kil.-Meru Exped., 1910,
p. 74 (nec Szepl., Leiden Mus., 1908); H. tunisrae, Morl., nom. nov.
=H. elongatus, Burgst., Tunis. Hym., 1913, p. 25 (nec Fonsc. 1852,

non Ratz.).*

* It must be noted that Szepligeti’s paper upon the Ichnewmonidae of the
Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition was not published until 1910. The distribution
of authcr’s separata before that date has led to some confusion ; these bear the
date of printing—not of publication—“ August 1907” ; and it has been variously
quoted as 1907 by Roman in the Entomologisk Tidskrift of 1910, and as 1908 in
the Zoological Record. It must be retained as 1910. This distribution before
publication is a reprehensible practice, and some of Koman’s names are in danger
of taking priority over those he criticises. Much of the material collected by this
Expedition yet remains to be worked, though all the larger museums of Hurope
contain unnamed African Ichneumonidae; and not the least is the mass now
lying in the British Museum, consisting of thousands of specimens from all parts
of the Ethiopian continent.—CLAUDE MORLEY.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 449

Hemuiteles tusisthenes, sp. nov.

3. Bright testaceous species with mandibular apices, flagellum
and anus alone black ; abdomen striate ; alar apices infumate. Head
as broad as thorax, not constricted behind the prominent eyes, dull
with vertex and frons striate ; face and clypeus not discreted, granulose
punctate, with latter apically rounded mutic. Antennae slender,
setaceous and nearly as long as body. Thorax transaciculate and
dull with notauli and a central mesonotal sulcate deep and entire ;
sternauli broad and half mesopheural length; metathorax shining
and irregularly punctate, with areae fine and entire ; areola hexagonal,
rather longer than broad, emitting costulae from near its base ;
-petiolar area concave, shining and discreted, with strong basal carina ;
spiracles small and circular. Scutellum subconvex, coarsely punctate
and only basally margined. Abdomen as long as head and thorax,
not broad; basal segment gradually explanate throughout, smooth,
bicarinate and apically striate; second and third large, coarsely
striate throughout and not transimpressed ; remainder small, shining,
black and pilose, with small valvulae. Legs slender with only the
hind calcaria and tarsi infuscate. Wings distinctly flavescent and
apically infumate, with basal nervure continuous; nervellus ante-
furcal, intercepted at its lower third, through median, and stigma
testaceous. Length,7 mm. 4 only.

Taken by W. H. Jones, during April 1917, at M’fongosi in Zululand.

Hemiteles aestwwalis, Grav.

Ichn. Europ., 1, 1829, p. 712, and uu, 1829, p. 805; Taschenberg, Zeits.
Ges. Nat., xxv, 1865, p. 129; Thomson, Opusc. Entom., x,
1884, p. 988; Schmiedeknecht, Opusc. Ichn., x1, 1905, p. 856 ;
Morley, Ichn. Brit., 1, 1907, p. 165, $9.

An abundant European species, though its hosts are somewhat
uncertain. One male, doubtless imported, was captured for the first
time in Africa, at Cape Town, by R. M. Lightfoot, during 1913.

Hemuteles laevigatus, Ratz.

lichmeal Horst. 115) p. 128) Morley, lehn. Brit. nm, 1907, p. 152.

One male, differing in no essential way from palaearctic examples,
of this species, which has not before been noted in any part of Africa,
was captured at Knysna in Cape Province during October 1916, by
L. Péringuey.

VOL. XXIII, PART 3. 30

450 Annals of the South African Museum.

TrIisE CRYPTIDES.

Subtribe MrsosTEenini.

Gen. Goryeuus, Holmer.
Hug. Resa. Insect., 1868, p. 398.

Goryphus scutellator, sp. nov.

®. A dull black species with white markings, and whole thorax
red. Head transverse with frons striate and centrally carinate ; face
and clypeus closely punctate and discreted, the latter subconvex and
nearly circular, with apex broadly rounded ; mandibles stout, punctate
and apically equally bidentate; ligula testaceous and palpi rather
darker. Antennae slender and filiform, apically sub-attenuate, with
the fifth to ninth joints discally pure white. Thorax coriaceous and
red, with only prothorax nigrescent beneath ; notauli deep and stern-
auli nearly entire ; metathorax reticulate-punctate, with both trans-
carinae weak but entire; basal area sub-quadrate, apiphyses want-
ing, spiracles circular. Scutellum coarsely punctate, sub-nitidulous,
laterally margined to near apex, and discally elevated in centre.
Abdomen evenly and very closely punctate, not red-marked ; seventh,
eighth, and apical fourth of the second segment pure white; basal
segment smooth and shining, with disc of the postpetiole linearly
depressed and punctate; terebra deflexed and fully length of first
segment, with sheaths apically sub-explanate. Legs black and not
white-marked with anterior indefinitely testaceous, especially beneath.
Wings clear hyaline ; radix and tegulae red, stigma except its whitish
base and the nervures black ; lower basal nervure antefurcal ; areolet
quadrate, not very small and not angled below, emitting the broadly
unifenestrate recurrent from very slightly beyond its centre. Length,
I secu, OQ oray,

M’fongosi in Zululand during March 1917, W. H. Jones.

Goryphus caviclypeus, sp. Nov.

g. A shining black species with white markings, and whole thorax
red. Extremely closely allied to the above female in its antefurcal
lower basal nervure and coloration ; but very certainly distinct in
the short, broad, and not discreted but apically concave clypeus,
which, with the whole face and palpi and genal marks, is pure white ;
scape red beneath and the flagellar band wanting; thorax shining
and more distinctly punctate, with no apical metanotal transcarina ;

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 451

scutellum smooth, with large punctures, deplanate, and not laterally
margined ; abdomen linear with apex of the finely punctate and
linear basal segment, and those of all the following ones narrowly
white, as also are the anterior trochanters and inner side of their
femora and tibiae ; areolet quadrate, small and angled below, emitting
recurrent from its basal third. Length,9 mm. 4 only.

M’fongosi in Zululand during March 1917, W. E. Jones.

Goryphus cornger, Morl.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., xvu, 1917, p. 206, °.

Taken during 1917 by J. G. Carnegie at Fort Napier in Natal.
One @ at Bindura, Southern Rhodesia, November 1917.

Goryphus lineiger, sp. nov.

3d. A testaceous and very finely punctate species, with the stigma,
nervures, head except testaceous centre of face and flavidous clypeus
with most of mandibles, the flagellum except basally, abdomen except
apices of first five segments, posterior and apices of front tarsi, hind
calcaria and whole disc of their tibiae, black; sternum and palpi
stramineous. Extremely similar to G. testaceus (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus.,
xv, 1916, p. 375), and agreeing therewith in sculpture, excepting the
smooth and strongly nitidulous clypeus and irregulur areolet with
obsolete external nervure of the present species. Length, 6 mm.
d only. The type occurred to W. HE. Jones during April 1917 at
M’fongosi in Zululand.

Goryphus bisulcatus, Morl.
Loc. cit., xv, 1916, p. 373, female.

Male. A specimen taken at Bindura in South Rhodesia during
1913, I tentatively place as the alternate sex of this Orange River
species. From the female it differs in the strongly elongate body,
in the black head which is white below the antennae as well as at
the frontal and outer orbits, and in the discal black streak from base
to apex of the metathorax. Length, 9 mm.

Goryphus cinctitibia, Morl.
Loc ctt.. <ul loli p. 206:

A couple of females have been found at Salisbury in Rhodesia
during May 1917, by R. W. H. Tucker.

452 Annals of the South African Museum.

Goryphus parvidens, Cam.
Mesostenus parvidens, Cam., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 149.

The female type in the South African Museum belongs to the
present genus. Another female was found at M’fongosi in Zululand
during April 1917, by W. R. Jones.

Goryphus aello, Morl.
ID OO chic, xan, OIM, FO, ACS.

A small female of only 64 mm. was captured at Kranzkop in Natal
during November 1917, by K. H. Barnard.

Gen. MESosTENUS, Grav.
Ichn. EHurop., 11, 1829, p. 750.

Essential Characters.—Body not metallic ; upper basal nervure not
antefurcal; metathoracic spiracles elongate, never ovate; clypeus
not reflexed; alar areolet entire or sub-entire; frons not cornute,
at most centrally carinate; mandibular teeth of sub-equal length,
apophyses small but usually distinct ; metanotum bitranscarinate.
The forty species already standing under this genus in Africa are by
no means homogeneous and need revision, which is very dangerous
work in the absence of types. Especially with Goryphus are they
mixed. The more southern kinds may be thus roughly tabulated :

(4) 1. Scutellum and body testaceous, former not or finely punctate.
(3) 2. Abdomen not black ; clypeus elongately dentate . denticlypeus, Morl.
(2) 3. Abdomen black-marked ; clypeus not dentate . edenticlypeus, sp. n.
(1) 4. Scutellum red and more or less coarsely punctate.

(18) 5. Thorax not at all white-marked.

(13) 6. Abdomen for the most part black.

(10) 7. Legs black, anterior suffused with testaceous.
(9) 8. Hind tarsi immaculate black : : ; : . rhodesiae, Cam.
(8) 9. Hind tarsi white-banded .- : : : ‘ . albilabris, Cam.
(7) 10. Legs mainly red.

(12) 11. Hind tarsi white-banded . : : : ; i octans, Mori.

(11) 12. Hind tarsi not white-banded : , ; : . leptonotus, Cam.
(6) 18. Abdomen for the most part red.

(17) 14. Cape Colony.

(16) 15. Frons not carinate ; 4th segment white ; terebra ¢ of abdomen

onetli, Cam.

(15) 16. Frons carinate ; 4th segment red ; terebra } of abdomen albipalpis, Cam.

(14) 17. Guinea . . . fulvaster, Tosq.: Delagoa . : : protervus, T.
(5) 18. Pronotum and sometimes metapleural marks white.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 453

(20) 19. Postscutellum white . : é ; : : . agnatus, Tosq.
(19) 20. Postscutellum not white.

(22) 21. Hind legs red, only tarsi infuscate ‘ a : . festivus, Tosq.
(21) 22. Hind legs nigrescent throughout : J ; : vulpio, Tosq.

Types of both sexes show M. elizabethae, Cam., to be the 9 of
M. albipalpis, Cam.; the distinctions of the table (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus.,
v, 1906, p. 145) are very slight and not specific. MM. mameticus, Cam.
(Records Albany Mus., 1, 1905, p. 250)=M. onetl, Cam. (lab. cit., 1,
1904, p. 143), and M. basimacula, Cam. (loc. cit., i, 1905, p. 249), 1s its 3.
M. juvenilis, Tosq. (Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., v, 1896, p. 214, 2), must
be called M. ensator, since Roman (Zool. Bidr. fr. Uppsala, i, 1912,
p- 253) has proved Ichneumon ensator, Thunberg. (Mem. Acad. Sc.
Petrograd, vii, 1822, p. 259, and ix, 1824, p. 306) to be synonymous.
M. laevifrons, Cam., and M. lightfooti, Cam., of 1906, are both
Stenaraeus. M. parvidens, Cam., 1906, is a Goryphus, and I have
seen the type.

Mesostenus edenticlypeus, sp. nov.

2. A somewhat slender, rich testaceous, dull species with the head,
antennae, onychii, disc of sixth and seventh segments, and terebra
deep black; face, mouth, cheeks, all the orbits broadly, flagellar
band and second to base of fourth hind tarsal joints, white. Extremely
like M. denteclypeus and differing only in having the head but little
buccate and posteriorly narrower than the eyes; the clypeus simple,
transverse and apically truncate; the thorax and scutellum very
closely punctate and not at all shining, laterally finely margined
to apex ; terebra not longer than half abdomen ; and the lower basal
nervure is distinctly antefurcal. Length, 10-11 mm. @ only.

Taken at M’fongosi in Zululand by W. EH. Jones during March and
May 1917.

Mesostenus testacellus, sp. nov.

A shining, small and clear testaceous species, with only the man-
dibular apices and most of flagellum black; the latter slender and
attenuate at both extremities, with a broad and somewhat flattened
white band immediately before apex ; frontal orbits also broadly and
definitely white. Head broad with eyes very prominent and occupy-
ing its whole sides; frons obsoletely transaciculate ; clypeus triangu-
larly prominent, basally discreted and apically subtruncate. Thorax
narrow with notauli extremely deep, crenulate and entire; sternauli
fine, semilunar and half mesopleural length; metanotum discally

454 Annals of the South African Museum.

deplanate and shagreened, with no basal transcarina; apical trans-
carina fine, entire and nearly straight; petiolar area short and sub-
vertical, apophyses wanting, spiracles extremely small. Scutellum
deplanate, obsoletely sculptured, sub-elongate and laterally margined
throughout. Abdomen narrowly fusiform and obsoletely shagreened ;
basal segment gradually explanate throughout and evenly aciculate ;
terebra straight, testaceous and two-thirds abdominal length. Legs
elongate and very slender, with the stout onychii alone nigrescent.
Wings narrow and flavescent-hyaline, with radix and tegulae
testaceous, and stigma paler; nervure infuscate with the basal con-
tinuous, discoidal and second recurrent quite straight ; areolet nearly
rectangular, half as broad again as high, apically pellucid, emitting
the unifenestrate second recurrent from its basal third; nervellus
strongly postfurcal and centrally intercepted. Length, 6-7 mm. Q.

Found by W. EH. Jones during April and May 1917 at M’fongosi in
Zululand. With it he took a male, which may be tentatively regarded
as belonging to this species, though differing somewhat considerably
in its black head with whole face and mouth, outer orbits and entire
scape stramineous; flagellum, stigma, and posterior tarsi black ;
shagreened postpetiole and apically obsolete areolet.

Gen. Listrognatuus, Tisch.
Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, 1870, p. 153.

Instrognathus brfrontalis, sp. nov.

3. A strongly elongate and very shining black species, with the
metathorax dull and white-pilose; mesonotum, propleurae above,
radicular region, scutellum and postscutellum, clear orange ; labrum,
front tibiae and their femora internally, a dot at ocellar orbits, central
flagellar and hind tarsal bands broadly, metathoracic apex obliquely
on either side, venter, valvulae and apices of all the segments narrowly,
pure white. Frons impunctate and laterally elevated, with acute
didymate spines above scrobes; scutellum strongly convex, sub-
impunctate and only basally margined on either side; metathorax
punctate-reticulate, discally transstriate beyond the single weak
basal carina, with no apophyses and small, elongate spiracles ; basal
segment glabrous and linear. Wings hyaline and somewhat narrow ;
areolet transverse and very narrow, double as broad as high, emitting
the straight recurrent nervure near its apex ; radius sinuate, discoidal
nearly straight with no nervelet. Length,12 mm. 4 only.

M’fongosi in Zululand during May 1917 (W. E. Jones).

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 455

Subtribe CRYPTINI.

Gen. Eta, Cam.
_ Mem. Manch. Phil. Soe., xlvii, 1903, p. 17.

Etha castanea, Morl.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., xv, 1916, p. 381, 2.

3g. This differs only sexually from the female, in having the
abdomen nearly cylindrical, the face centrally immaculate but
laterally narrowly white, as also is the frons; large white marks at
the external orbits, with second to fourth hind tarsal joints and both
extremities of the first concolorous; antennae slender and apically
attenuate with apices of all the joints internally setigerous, the setae
of the central band white. Length, 15 mm. Captured during
October 1916 at Knysna in Cape Colony by Dr. L. Péringuey.

Gen. STICTOCRYPTUS, Cam.

Lew. Hymi., vu, 1907, p. 462.

Stoctocryptus petrolaris, Morl.
Loe. cit., p. 380, 2.

S. A clear testaceous insect with the head above scape except
outer and frontal orbits, the antennae, sternum, valvulae, and 5-7
segments, hind tarsi and apices of their tibiae, black; face, mouth
except both extremities of mandibles, outer and frontal orbits, alone
stramineous. Length, 13, with antennae, 9 mm. As @ in other
points.

Taken on 2nd January 1917, at Willowvale, Cape Province ; and
at Salisbury, Rhodesia, by R. W. Tucker, May 1917.

Stoctocrypius testaceus, Cam.
Zeits. Hym.-Dip., vu, 1907, p. 462.
Phaedraspis rufobalteata, Cam., Entom., xxxix, 1906, p. 197, 9.

3. A rufescent-testaceous insect, with black and flavous markings.
Head black, with clypeus, mandibles except their apices, palpi and
the facial, frontal and external orbits broadly flavidous-white ; face
and clypeus densely white-pubescent, closely and strongly punctate,
with apex of latter fulvous and depressed ; frons and vertex closely
and not very strongly punctate. Antennae attenuate and very
shortly pubescent, becoming sub-piceous apically beneath, with the
third joint slightly longer than the fourth. Thorax strongly and

456 Annals of the South African Museum.

closely punctate ; all the pleurae black; metanotum more closely
and equally strongly, though more rugosely, punctate; apophyses
wanting. Scutellum sometimes apically flavidous. Abdomen centrally
finely punctate ; the fourth to base of seventh segments black, anus
white and petiole basally flavidous ; postpetiole strongly and closely
punctate. Legs rufescent with the anterior internally paler ; posterior
coxae beneath, apical half of hind tibiae, apices or whole of hind tarsal
joints and their metatarsal base narrowly, black ; remainder of hind
metatarsi, and the calcaria, white. Wings somewhat short, hyaline
and apically sub-infumate, with stigma and nervures black. 9. The
different coloration of the female lends it a very distinct appearance,
though the structure excepting that of the metanotum is analogous.
Head black with only the labrum, palpi, and centre of mandibles
rufescent ; antennae filiform and centrally white above; thorax
black with only mesonotum, scutellum, and frenum testaceous-red ;
metathorax rugosely punctate with apophyses small but distinct,
and petiolar area consequently defined ; abdomen black with anus
white, and whole of second segment with apex of the first red ; terebra
black and fully half length of abdomen ; all the coxae, except extreme
apices of posterior, black. Length, g@, 11-12 mm. Both sexes vary
considerably in their thoracic coloration, and the ¢ occasionally has
nothing but the antennae and sub-apical segments black. I have
seen a g with the hind coxae immaculate testaceous, and metapleurae
broadly black; in another all the coxae are entirely black with meta-
notum concolorous, and both its petiolar area and base of abdominal
petiole flavous.

I have examined the types of both sexes of this common Indian
species, which I have seen from Kashmir, Deesa, Abu, Madras, Poona,
Bombay, Bengal, Assam, and as far south as Sumatra. But it is
entirely new to Africa, where H. K. Munro captured a normal female
at Silverton, near Pretoria, on 9th December 1915.

Gen. Cryptus, Fab.
Syst. Piez., 1804, p. 70.
Cryptus perturbator, Schulz.
Schulz. Spolia Hym., 1906, p. 124, 9.

Cryptus tuberculatus, Cam., Records Albany Mus., 1, 1905,
p. 3808, 2 (nec Grav. 1829).

39. A dull, dark ferrugineous species with palpi, mandibular apices,
prosternum, basal sulcus, and often apex of metathorax, terebra,

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S. A. Museum. 457

antennae except their white 9 band, and hind tarsi except their white
3 band, indefinitely black ; 9 with whole abdomen, except the mem-
branous-white anus, and the hind legs, sometimes nigrescent ; g¢ with
the narrowly exserted labrum, the centre of mandibles, and the facial
orbits very narrowly stramineous. A typical member of this genus
and the only red one yet known; frons transaciculate. Length,
32, 9-12 mm.

Pietersburg on 9th September 1915 (H. K. Munro) ; Dunbrody on
11th March 1912; and Salisbury on 14th October 1913; Cape Town
in 1913 (Dr. L. Péringuey).

Cryptus rufoplagiatus, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 139, d.

A large 3 homotype of 17 mm. was captured at French Hoek in
Cape Province during December 1916, by K. H. Barnard.

Subfamily Pimplinae.

TrisE PIMPLIDES.
Subtribe PImMPLInt.

Gen. Hrmipimpia, Sauss.

Grand. Hist. Madag., 1892, p. xiii; Cosmiopimpla, Cam., Trans.
SS, Mate, Jesu; SOG, xr, GOs), jo. ther

Hemipimpla bifasciata, Morl.
Revis. Ichn., i, 1914, p. 106, 39.

A small female, labelled O’kiep, Warden, 1886, differs from the
typical form only in having a length of 124 mm. to the terebra
instead of 10 mm., in its black frons, vertex, occiput, and temples,
and in not having the hind legs at all black; the shape, sculpture,
and neuration are identical.

Hemipimpla superba, Szepl.
Kil.-Meru Exped., vii, 3, 1910, p. 79, 9.

One female, agreeing well with the original description excepting
in its darker rufescent abdomen, was captured during December 1916
at Eshowe in Zululand, by H. W. Bell-Marley.

458 Annals of the South African Museum.

Henarpimpla calliptera, Sauss.

Found at Oudenbosch, Caledon Division, at 1500 feet during January
1919, by K. H. Barnard.

Gen. Prmpia, Fab.
Syst. Piez., 1804, p. 112.
Pimpla sprloaspis, Cam.
Records Albany Mus., i, 1904, p. 146; P. brunnewentris, Cam.,
Wo, Giles 1, USOD, 0, 2ess

A pair was captured at M’fongosi in Zululand during May 1917, by
W. H. Jones. I owe the synonymy of P. brunneiventris with the
present species to Dr. L. Péringuey, who examined a ¢ from Salisbury,
Southern Rhodesia (May 1917, R. W. Tucker).

Pimpla crocaia, Tosq.
Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., v, 1896, p. 310.
A small male was found by Dr. L. Péringuey during October 1916

at Knysna in Cape Province. It is now known from Abyssinia,
Uganda, Transvaal, Natal, Zululand, and the Cape.

Pimpla melanospila, Cam.

A female bred at Kabete, in British East Africa, during November
1917.

Gen. THeRonia, Holmer.
Theronia melanocera, Holmer.

Both sexes of this species have at last been bred, probably from
the Noctuid moth Plusia orichalcea (a Palaearctic species, occurring
in England), at Kabete, on 15th July 1918.

Subtribe GLYPTINI.

Gen. SJOSTEDTIELLA, Szepl.
Kil.-Meru Exped., 1, 1910, p. 786.
Sjostedtiella vittuenotum, sp. nov.

©. A shining black species with profuse flavous markings, the
abdomen clear red and wings hyaline. Head strongly transverse,

South African Ichneumonidae wn the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 459

glabrous and very sparsely punctate, with face, cheeks, clypeus,
mandibles, except apices and all the orbits broadly, flavous; frons
centrally impressed and subcarinate but not cornute; face elevated
longitudinally in centre, and hardly discreted from the subconvex
and nearly circular clypeus; basal clypeal foveae nigrescent ; palpi
infuscate, with two basal joints of maxillary fulvous. Antennae
slender, filiform—immaculate and shorter than body. Thorax
cylindrical, deeply and evenly punctate, with prothorax nearly
entirely, two discally coalescent mesonotal vittae, two subcircular
mesopleural marks and another at metapleural base, and fully apical
half of metathorax except laterally, flavous; metanotum punctate
to apex with no areae nor basal transcarina, its apical transcarina
weak ; spiracles minute, circular,and prominent. Scutellum elongate,
convex, punctate, and, like postscutellum and basal carinae and frenal
margins, entirely flavous. Abdomen bright red with the anus but
slightly infuscate, somewhat closely punctate with short white
pubescence; basal segment distinctly a little longer than broad at
its glabrous apex and discally impressed; two following deeply
impressed en chevron; fourth basally bituberculate and remainder
nitidulous; terebra slender, black and hardly length of abdomen.
Legs slender and flavous; hind ones with femora, tarsi except meta-
tarsal base, tibiae, apices underside of coxae black, their tibiae, calcaria,
and metatarsal base rufescent ; tarsal claws shortly pectinate. Wings
hyaline, with tegulae, stigmal base, and costa in both wings except
internally, flavous; nervures and stigma nigrescent; areolet irregu-
larly triangular, externally rounded and pellucid below, emitting
recurrent from near centre. Length,10 mm. 92 only.

R. M. Lightfoot captured a couple of females at 3500 feet on Matroos-
berg, Ceres Division, Cape Province.

Sjostedtiella erythrostoma, sp. nov.

9. A shining black species with some flavous markings, the
abdomen clear red and wings hyaline. Very like the last species,
but smaller and narrower, with only the clypeus, cheeks, mouth,
vertical orbits, propleurae broadly above, scutellum discally, post-
scutellum, trochanters and anterior coxae, flavous; legs fulvous with
hind femora and coxae black; metathorax with no transcarinae ;
stigmal base and coxa not pale; recurrent nervure emitted from
apical fourth of areolet. Length, 7mm. @ only.

The type occurred to R. M. Lightfoot during November 1916 at
4500 feet on Gt. Winterhoek, Tulbagh, in Cape Province.

460 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sjostedtiella nagritornata, Cam.
Glypta nigritornata, Cam., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 117, ¢.

$2. The type of this species, which I have examined, has distinct
alar areolet, the nervellus intercepted as in Sjostedtvella and all other
features of this genus. It is at once known from the above species
by its red and very sparsely punctate, shining mesonotum, with
deeply impressed notauli. The hitherto unknown female was captured
in §8.W. Africa (Mandated Territory) during 1916 by Dr. Knobel,
and differs from the male in nothing but its flavous head below
antennae, frontal orbits, propleurae above, scutellum and front coxae ;
the terebra is slender, black, and somewhat longer than the abdomen.

Sjostedtiella wurufa, sp. nov.

3. A somewhat dull and totally red species, with only the antennae
and hind legs, from immediately beyond their tibial base, black ; the
wings are infumate but not nigrescent, with nervures black and
tegulae red and extreme base of stigma flavidous. Im sculpture it
agrees ut ovum ovo with S. mgritornata, from which the dark wings,
with distinctly postfurcal lower basal nervure, will distinguish it.
Length, 10 mm. 4 only.

The type occurred to Bell-Marley at Eshowe in Zululand during
December 1916.

TrinE LISSONOTIDES.
Gen. SyzEuctus, Forst.
Synop. Vert. Ver. Rheiml, xxv, 1868, p. WoT:
Syzeuctus annulatus, Brulle.

Inssonota annulata, Brulle, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., iv, 1846, p. 109, $9.

At least the g of this species is a true Syzeuctus, with elongate-oval
metathoracic spiracles. It was taken at Grahamstown by Mr. H.
Baines during February 1911.

Syzeuctus sprlostoma, Cam.
Inssonota spilostoma, Cam., Records Albany Mus., 1, 1905, p. 239, 9.
Dr. L. Péringuey has been so good as to send me a homotype of this

female, taken at Grahamstown during May 1916. This has the meta-
thoracic spiracles elongate-ovate.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 461

Syzeuctus bisannulatus, sp. nov.

Q. A shining black species with dull red thorax, instantly known
by the pure white-banded abdomen, antennae and hind tibiae. Head
shining and vertically narrow with prominent eyes; the apically
rounded clypeus and the centre of face convex and hardly discreted,
latter sparsely punctate and laterally pale flavous, mouth and apical
half of clypeus concolorous. Antennae filiform and slender, with
basal joints elongate and five at their apical two-thirds pure white.
Thorax confluently punctate and dull, crimson-red with only sternum
infuscate ; notauli and all metathoracic carinae wanting; spiracles
small and linear. Scutellum shining, sparsely punctate, concolorous
with thorax and not margined. Abdomen deep black and strongly
nitidulous, with sparse white pubescence and the basal half of third
segment pure white; first segment quite smooth, second obsoletely
alutaceous ; terebra stout, black, rather longer than half abdomen
and apically acute. Legs slender, elongate and black ; anterior coxae
flavous beneath; anterior tibiae and, except basally, front femora
testaceous ; a third of hind tibiae immediately beyond their base,
and basal two-thirds of third hind tarsal joint, pure white. Wings
narrow with tegulae red, stigma and nervures black, and extreme
apices sub-infumate; basal nervure nearly continuous; areolet
triangular, petiolate and not broad, emitting straight recurrent nervure
slightly beyond its centre ; nervellus centrally intercepted, its spurious
nervure apically arcuate. Length, 94 mm.; terebra,3 mm. Q only.

Captured at Durban during February 1913, by W. Haygarth.

Syzeuctus fulvipalpis, Cam.
Inssonota fulvipalpis, Cam., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 122.

Male. A dull and very strongly punctate black insect, with hyaline
wings, stumpy thorax, and profuse red markings. Head almost
broader than thorax, and hardly constricted behind the internally
parallel eyes; occiput nitidulous; frons centrally impressed and
laterally transstriate, with its sides, all the orbits and head below
the scape red; face centrally subbuccate. Antennae red, with
scape and two or three basal flagellar joints nigrescent above ; its
apex strongly compressed. Thorax very short and high, with meta-
thorax shorter than high ; prosternum and pleurae, hamate marks at
radius coalescent with an apically truncate mark on mesonotal disc,
centre of mesopleurae broadly, frenum below radices, apex of meta-
thorax broadly and a lateral spot, red ; metathorax with no carinae.
Scutellum and postscutellum red. Abdomen linear, basally nitidulous

462 Annals of the South African Museum.

and apically subpilose ; base and apex of the four first segments, and
apex of remainder obscurely red. Legs slender and red with hind
femora except apically, and: base of both trochanters and coxae,
black. Wings hyaline with no apical cloud; tegulae red, nervures
and stigma castaneous; areolet elongately petiolate, emitting the
concave recurrent nervure from its apical third. Length, 10 mm.

Taken at the junction of the Crocodile and Marico Rivers in the
Transvaal during February 1918, by R. W. Tucker. I have seen the
female type of this species, which is referable to Syzeuctus, in the
South African Museum.

Gen. ASPHRAGIS, Forst.
Synop. Vert. Ver. Rheinl., xxv, 1868, p. 166.
Asphragis flavidorbitalis, Cam. 7
Asphragis? flavidorbitalis, Cam., Entomologist, xxxix, 1906, p. 18, 9.
Philotymma ? flaviceps, Cam., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 131, .
Asphragis flavidorbitalis, Morl., loc. cit., xvii, 1917, p. 217, 39.

I find my ¢ of this species, described at the last reference, was not
new ; for it had already been brought forward as a Tryphonad (!) by
Cameron under the genus Philotymma. This ¢ type, which I have
examined, differs from my specimen only in the lack of black upon
the. second segment and its greater restriction upon the vertex. The
metathoracic spiracles are small and circular.

Asphragis rufipes, Cam.
Trans, 5. Aur) EhilsSoce) x2 1903s on Z0ir

Another male of this Cape species, taken at Salisbury in South
Rhodesia during May 1917 by R. W. Tucker, differs from the original
description slightly in coloration. The metanotum is nigrescent only
around the spiracles ; the incisures only of the four basal segments are
stramineous-white, and not “ for the greater part dull rufous”; and
the legs, “‘ coloured like the thorax,” are testaceous with the tarsi no
darker, the anterior and apices of hind coxae white, and the remainder
of hind coxae with their femora nigrescent. The species is correctly
ascribed to the present genus.

Asphragis straminea, sp. nov.

3g. A small, pale flavous insect with luteous stigma and profuse
black markings thus: mandibular apices; ocellar region, emitting
a central occipital line to basal capital margin; lateral mesonotal
lines, and apex of central lobe; frenum; metanotal disc, more

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 463

narrowly towards apex; abdominal disc, except base and apex of
all the segments; onychii. The coloration is not dissimilar to that
of Syzeuctus maculatorius, Fab.; the sculpture is asin A. flavidorbitalis,
though slightly more superficial. Metathoracic spiracles small and
circular. Hind tarsi, antennae and alar nervures infuscate. Length,
5mm. ¢ only.

*“* Parasite of Codlin Moth,” South Africa.

Gen. Lissonota, Grav.

Lissonota deversor, Grav.
Ichn. Europ., ii, 1829, p. 591; Morley, Ichn. Brit., iii, 1908, p. 217.
A rather pale, but otherwise perfectly typical female of this palae-
arctic species was caught on Table Mountain, Cape Town, during
February 1919, by R. W. Tucker. The last specimen I saw flew in
to artificial light at Monks Soham House, Suffolk !

Trips ACAENITIDES.

Gen. Acronus, Tosq.
Mem. Soc. Entom. Belg., v, 1896, p. 269.
Acronus enderleans, Schulz.
Spolia Hym., 1906, p. 117, &.
The ¢ of this very large species was captured by Dr. G. Arnold on
4th December 1911 in the Matoppo Hills of Southern Rhodesia. It
differs only sexually from the 2; its only coloration is the testaceous

flagellar tip ; the length is 30 mm., with an expanse of its beautifully
iridescent-blue wings of no less than 55 mm.

Acronus saluformis, Ender.
Zoolog. Anzeiger, xxviii, 1904, p. 67.
Originally described from Usambara. H. W. Bell-Marley took a

female at Durban, November 1915; Miss Edwards another female at
Barberton, Transvaal.

Gen. CrENoToMA, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 127, and v, 1907, p. 224.
Ctenotoma ruficeps, Cam.

Annes, Ate Mos sev, L906; p. 1295°2:

A pale form of the 2 was bred from the moth Gonometra maputana at
Salisbury in Southern Rhodesia during 1908. The ¢ is still unknown.

464 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. PARACOLLYRIA, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 106.

Paracollyria flavipennis, Cam.
LOG; hits a NOU, &

W. E. Jones took another male at M’fongosi in Zululand during
February 1917. This differs from the type, which I have seen, in
having the front legs almost entirely black and the apices of both
wings broadly black, which nigrescence is reflexed above the anal
nervure and occupies the apical three-fourths of the discoidal cell,
ending in a streak within the areolar nervure.

Paracollyrva ruficollas, Cam.
ILGES Ciliog 1s NOMS S-

The hitherto unknown ¢ was captured at Bulawayo in Southern
Rhodesia on 3rd August 1913. It differs from the 2 description in
having the whole pro- and meso-thorax, scutellum, postscutellum, and
frenum, with whole anterior legs entirely pale red; the alar “ clear
hyaline cloud ” is wanting ; the wings are uniformly nigrescent, with
the stigmal base alone conspicuously albescent. The 3 segments two
to four are longer than those of the 9; its antennae are exactly as
long as the body, 15 mm., filiform and apically subtruncate.

Gen. PHAENOLOBUS, Forst.
Verh. pr. Rheinl., xxv, 1868, p. 168.

This is an extremely puzzling genus of unstable coloration, whereof
a good many species occur in Africa, though only four have hitherto
been recorded. I have before me single examples of three others:
(a) is from Zululand in January 1917, and differs from the Palaearctic
(and British) P. atrator, Rossi, in nothing but colour; the head below
the antennae is piceous with mouth and orbits testaceous, all the legs
with the exception of the front and hind coxae and the onychii are
red, and the wings infumate with violaceous iridescence and the apical
margin darker; (6) from the same locality in February, differs from
(a) solely in having the head and mesonotum brick-red and the legs,
except anterior femora and tibiae with front tarsi, black; (c) was
captured at HEshowe in Zululand during December 1916, and has
the notauli somewhat less deeply impressed with the black meta-
thorax striate ; all the remainder of thorax, the head, whole legs and

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 465

two basal segments, are brick-red ; I do not think it can be P. luteus,
Szepl., Kil.-Meru Exped., viii, 3, 1910, p. 87 (nec Holmgr.) =P. flavus,
Roman, Entom. Tidskr., xxxi, 1910, p.184. My material is insufficient
to determine the specific value of these small distinctions.

Africa is certainly the home of the Acaenitides, and their number is
so rapidly swelling that a table of the genera already known to occur
is not without its value :

(4) 1. Alar areolet present and entire.
(3) 2. Hypopygium not reaching abdominal apex . Phaestacaentus, Burgst.
(2) 3. Hypopygium extending to abdominal apex . : Coleocentrus, Grav.
(1) 4. Alar areolet utterly wanting.
(6) 5. First tarsal joint longer than rest together : . Encardia, Tosq.
(5) 6. First tarsal joint not longer than remainder.
(8) 7. Second recurrent emitted before areolar nervure . : Arotes, Grav.
(7) 8. Second recurrent emitted beyond areolar nervure.
(18) 9. Notauli deeply impressed.
(13) 10. Cubital nervelet utterly wanting.
(12) 11. Legs very long ; wings fasciated ‘ : : . Ctenotoma, Cam.
(11) 12. Legs short and stout; wings simple. : . Phaenolobus, Forst.
(10) 13. Cubital nervelet present though often short.
(15) 14. Second segment longer than apically broad . : . Collyria, Schidd.

(14) 15. Second segment not longer than apically broad.

(17) 16. Legs short and stout ; antennae shorter than body Chorischizus, Forst.

(16) 17. Legs elongate, antennae nearly as long as whole body Paracollyria, Cam.
(9) 18. Notauli not deeply impressed, usually indicated.

(20) 19. Metathorax long and rugose ; head longer than broad MHieroceryx, Tosq.
(19) 20. Metathorax and head not longer than broad.

(22) 21. Femora not compressed; front claws sub-apically dentate Acaenitus, Latr.

(21) 22. Femora compressed ; tarsal claws not dentate . . Acronus, Tosq.

Trine BANCHIDES.

Gen. Tecona, Morl.
Faun. Ind. Ichn., i, 1913, p. 251.

Tegona discreta, Morl.
Amms Sy Ata Wisi xvine ON po. Zid, O.

$9. I have now received from the same locality as the type in
Zululand both sexes of this clear testaceous species. The ¢ was
captured in February 1917 and differs in having the head and thorax
immaculate, with the ocellar region alone narrowly nigrescent; the
anal valvulae are large.
Wille ZO) IBAISIN Bie ol

466 Annals of the South African Museum.

Subfamily Tryphoninae.

Trine METOPIIDES.

Gen. Mrtorius, Panz.
Krit. Revis., 1, 1806, p. 78.

Metopius discolor, Tosq.

Mem. Soc. Entom. Belg., v, 1896, p. 361; M. erythropus, Cam.,
Records Albany Mus., 1, 1904, p. 148; M. recedens, Schulz., Spolia
Hym., 1906, p. 98.

No label.
Trine TRYPHONIDES.

Gen. PERiLissus, Holmer.
Sv. Ak. Handl., 1854, p. 61; 1855, p. 121.

Essential Characters—Head discally broad and subquadrate ;
face centrally neither concave nor protuberant ; mandibles simple,
the teeth of unequal length and the upper not apically bifid; frons
not concave. Scutellum simple and not quadrate. Abdomen depla-
nate and not tuberculate, basally subpetiolate; spiracles of basal
segment not beyond its centre; terebra not extending beyond anus.
Legs with hind calcaria entire; tarsal claws not pectinate. Alar
areolet entire and not pentagonal.

Perilissus semrfulvator, sp. nov.

A small and somewhat stout black species, closely punctulate and
a little shining, with no flavous markings and the abdomen alone
totally fulvous. Head almost broader than thorax, subcubical,
tumidous behind the eyes; immaculate. Antennae slender, filiform
and longer than body; immaculate. Thorax closely punctulate,
with apical notauli; mesopleurae very finely punctate ; metathorax
dull with areola elongate and subparallel-sided, costulae very strong,
and petiolar area basally distinct. Scutellum black and subconvex.
Abdomen pale red throughout; basal segment not dull, alutaceous
and very finely punctate, hardly sulcate above the central and sub-
prominent spiracles; second transverse ; terebra hardly darker and
extending beyond anus. Legs slender and totally black; tarsal

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 467

claws not pectinate. Wings with radix and tegulae stramineous,
stigma piceous and slightly paler basally ; areolet large, irregularly
orbiculate and distinctly a little petiolate ; nervellus antefurcal and
intercepted at its centre. Length, 64mm. Female only.

The structure and size of this species are extremely similar to those
of P. orbitalis, Grav.; and both belong to the division known as
Ecclinops, which is characterised by having the clypeus finely punctate,
nervellus not intercepted above its centre, discoidal cell apically sub-
rectangular, head hardly broader than thorax, posteriorly sub-
parallel-sided, and the abdomen broadly red. Structurally these two
species differ in little more than the strong metanotal costulae, evenly
punctate mesopleurae and central interception of the nervellus of the
new kind. Seven species of Mesoleptina have been recorded from the
extreme north of Africa; it is interesting to find that they extend
further south. This was found at Kabete, British East Africa, on
27th April 1918.

Subtribe CTENOPELMINI.

Gen. ErromENus, Holmer.
Sv. Ak. Handl., 1855, p. 221.

Erromenus fumipennis, sp. nov.

g. Pale testaceous and dull, with the head, thorax, and coxae some-
what shining ; antennae, eyes, ocelli, mandibular apices, onychi, and
all the nervures of the evenly infumate wings, alone black. Head
short and vertically narrow, not as broad as thorax ; frons deplanate,
with scrobes extending to apical ocellus and centrally cornute ; face
and clypeus subconvex and discreted, with basal foveae of latter
infuscate and its apex margined ; mandibles small and stout, apically
bidentate and basally setulose; ? palpi obsolete. Antennae black,
setaceous, pilose, and but little longer than half body, with scape
cylindrical and apically truncate. Thorax stout and short, with
neither notauli nor sternauli; propleurae forming a lateral margin
to mesonotum broader than tegulae; metathorax short and sub-
vertical, with strong and semi-circular basal area from the apex
whereof a carina extends to small apophyses on either side; pleural
carinae strong; spiracles small and oblong. Scutellum small,
deplanate and not margined, with its disc centrally impressed and
basal sulcus multicarinate ; postscutellum obsolete, laterally deter-
minately carinate. Abdomen short, stout, sessile, and apically

468 Annals of the South African Museum.

deflexed upon the venter; first segment finely bicarinate nearly to
apex ; two next strongly transverse and discally uneven ; fourth and
fifth thrice as broad as long, strongly convex, and laterally sub-
infuscate. Legs short and stout; front tibiae unicalcarate; tarsi
cylindrical and short, with claws mutic and only apically curved.
Wings very broad, with tegulae testaceous, nervures and stigma
black; costa conspicuously black; basal nervure strongly curved
above, continuous through median; inner cubital but little curved ;
apical abscissa of radius double length of basal; areolet strong,
oblique-rectangular and half as long again as broad, petiolate, and
emitting the curved and bifenestrate recurrent nervure from near its
apex; nervellus intercepted far below centre. Length, 10 mm.
3 only.

This species is at most but an aberrant member of Erromenus ; but
the erection of a distinct genus would be premature in the absence
of the female.

The type was captured during January 1917 at M’fongosi, in Zulu-
land, by W. E. Jones.

Prionopopa, Holmer.
Sv. Ak. Handl., 1855, p. 120.

Prionopoda testaceordes, sp. nov.

? Prionopoda testacea, Szep., Kil.-Meru Exped., viii, 3,
IID jo, Dik,

3¢?. A slender and totally testaceous species, strongly resembling
the genus Paniscus, but with buccate temples, petiolate areolet and
rectangular cubital nervure. Head glabrous and basally as broad as
the eyes, with temples, seen from above, as long as the eyes ; face and
clypeus deplanate and discreted ; mandibular apices, eyes, ocelli and
their region, alone black. Antennae very slender, infuscate-testaceous
and longer than the body. Thorax glabrous and nitidulous with
obsolete notauli and sternauli, metathorax impunctate with complete
areae, areola hexagonal and emitting costulae parallel with its apical
transcarina, which extends to lateral carinae; petiolar area entire
and concave, spiracles ovate and not small. Scutellum convex,
shining, apically subcompressed, and laterally carinate only at
extreme base. Abdomen shining with short fulvous pubescence, sub-
compressed or in @ compressed; first segment smooth, strongly

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 469

elongate and discally nearly straight, with distinct spiracles slightly
before centre ; valvulae exserted, terebra shorter than basal segment
and fulvous, with sheaths apically truncate. Legs slender and not
very long; claws pectinate. Wings hyaline with tegulae and stigma
pale testaceous, nervures infuscate ; lower basal nervure postfurcal
and reflexed ; inner cubital rectangular below base of stigma, and
thence emitting a strong and short nervelet ; areolet oblique, nodose-
petiolate, internally rectangular and apically subacute; radial
nervure apically sinuate; nervellus intercepted distinctly above
centre. Length, 11-15 mm.

I have described this species from a pair captured at Salisbury in
Southern Rhodesia by D. Dodds, and at Willowvale, Cape Province,
on 2nd January 1917. Jam sorry to be unable to compare it with
the late Dr. Szepligeti’s Kilimanjaro species.

Gen. CrENoPELMA, Holmer.
Sv. Ak. Handl., 1885, p. 117.

Ctenopelma ligulata, sp. nov.

®. A large and ochraceous female with the eyes, ocellar region to
occiput, antennae except underside of scape, three mesonotal vittae,
base of third segment triangularly and disc of the following ones,
stigma and nervures, lateral margin of third to fifth segments and
apices of tarsi indefinitely, black. Head transverse and closely
coriaceous, with vertex narrow and temples as broad as eyes, frons
concave ; face deplanate and not discreted from the liguliform clypeus,
which is laterally sulcate and transcarinate; mandibles stout, tri-
angular, prominent, apically obtuse and unidentate. Antennae
setaceous and nearly as long as body, with scape nigrescent-ferru-
gineous beneath. Thorax stout and closely punctate, with strong
notauli and weak sternauli ; apex of pronotum elevated and truncate ;
metathorax short and obliquely declived, shining with the petiolar
area transstriate ; areae wanting; basal transcarina laterally strong
and sinuate, centre of apical obsolete ; apophyses wanting, spiracles
large and linear. Scutellum convex and prominent, finely trans-
aciculate throughout and apically obtuse. Abdomen shining, very
finely punctate, deep, and apically compressed; basal segment
apically convex, with spiracles obsolete ; ventral plica strong ; spicula
acute and slightly exserted. Legs neither stout nor elongate; claws
pectinate ; all the onychi, and anterior fourth tarsi joint, black, hind

470 Annals of the South African Museum.

coxae nitidulous. Wings ample and hardly flavescent ; upper basal
nervure straight, the lower sub-antefurcal ; areolet narrow, petiolate,
emitting the straight recurrent nervure from its extreme apex; ner-
vellus intercepted at its centre. Length,19 mm. 92 only.

The type was bred from the moth Tvrabala sp., on 23rd December
1906, by G. F. Leigh at Durban, Natal.

The only species of this genus previously known from Africa was
described by Dr. Szepligeti in 1910 from Kilimanjaro.

Subfamily Ophioninae.
TRIBE CREMASTIDES.

Gen. CREMASTUS, Grav.
Ichn. EHurop., ii, 1829, p. 730.

Cremastus geminus, Grav.
Loc. cit., p. 744,29; Thomson, Opusc. Entom., xiv, p. 1454; Morley,
Ichn. Brit., v, 1914, p. 56, 39.

Two typical $3 “ parasite of a trap-door caterpillar (Hepialidae) ”
have been bred during June 1917, at Alicedale, in the Cape Province,
by F. Cruden. This is an addition to the African fauna ; in Europe
it preys exclusively upon Psychid moths.

Cremastus testaceus, Szepl.
Kil.-Meru Exped., vin, 3, 1910, p. 50.

Originally described from Usambara. W. EH. Jones found a @ at
M’fongosi in Zululand during January 1917.

Cremastus noxiosus, Morl.
Faun. Ind. Hym. Ichn., i, 1913, p. 501, g9.
Recorded from Africa by me in these Annals (xvii, 1917, p. 225).

I have recently seen a pair captured on 25th October 1911 by C. J.
Swierstra at Fountain Grove in the Pretoria district of the Transvaal.

Cremastus annulicornis, Tosq.
Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., v, 1896, p. 416.
Females were found in May 1917 at Salisbury in Rhodesia, and

Komati Poort in East Transvaal in November 1918, by R. W.
Tucker. Previously known only Delagoa Bay and Zululand.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 471

Gen. PrmpLomorPHa, Cam.

Ann. S. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p.95; Androna, Cam., Ann. Mus. Transvaal,
Hott, N85.

Pimplomorpha triloneata, Cam.

Loe. cit., ante ; Morley, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.; xvi, 1915, p. 339.

Another female was found by R. W. Tucker, during February 1918,
at the junction of the Crocodile and Marico Rivers in the Transvaal.

Trarpe CAMPOPLEGIDES.

CAMPOPLEX, Grav.
Ichn. Hurop., i, 1829, p. 453.

Campoplex erythrospilus, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 94, 9.

The red basal segment and red-marked thorax are distinctive ; its
author omits mention of the terebra, which is stout, black, and
hardly extending beyond abdominal apex. R. M. Lightfoot took
another @ during November 1916, at Gt. Winterhoek, Tulbagh, Cape
Province, at 4500 feet.

Campoplex crassicaput, sp. nov.

A black species with the legs and anus red; head strongly buccate.
Mandibles except apically, palpi, underside of scape and apices of the
black coxae pale. Head discally subquadrate, as in the genus
Olesicampa; frons not impressed. Antennae stout, attenuate and
but little longer than half body with simple scrobes. Thorax im-
maculate with propleurae not striate, the metanotal impression some-
what deep and spiracles sub-elongate. Abdomen black, with the
fourth and following segments abruptly red, sometimes with their
apices infuscate above; valvulae red, ventral plica stramineous. Legs
slender and not elongate, fulvous; hind femora and calcaria entirely
red, their tibiae and tarsi nigrescent with the former, except basally,
tinged with red. Wings somewhat small; radix and tegulae stram-
ineous ; recurrent nervure emitted beyond centre of the petiolate and
somewhat small areolet; hindwings with basal radial abscissa very
slightly longer than recurrent nervure; nervellus subgeniculate
distinctly below centre. Length, 9-10 mm. Male only.

472 Annals of the South African Museum.

At once known by the subquadrate vertex. Much more like an
Olesicampa than a Campoplex in its capital structure and abdominal
coloration; but the antennae are short and stout, and the meta-
thoracic spiracles elongate.

Two males were captured at Salisbury in Southern Rhodesia during
May 1917, by R. W. E. Tucker.

Gen. Nepiera, Forst.
Verh. Ver. Rheinl., xxv, 1868, p. 156.

Nepiera concinna, Holmer.

A couple of females, taken by L. Péringuey in October 1916, at
Knysna, in Cape Colony ; and by R. W. EH. Tucker, in February 1918,
at the junction of the Crocodile and Marico Rivers in the Transvaal.

Gen. Ancit1a, Holmer.

Holmgren, Sv. Ak. Handl., 1858, No. 8, p. 106; Thomson, Opuse.
Entom., xi, 1887, p. 1153.

Essential Characters.—Body slender. Head distinctly transverse
and not vertically quadrate; face not pale-marked; mandibular
teeth of equal length; eyes glabrous and internally subparallel, not
or hardly emarginate next scrobes; clypeus with no central apical
tooth. Thorax black throughout; petiolar area not excavate ;
metathoracic spiracles circular. Abdomen black, rarely more or less
red, not apically explanate ; terebra usually elongate. Legs slender ;
tarsal onychii normal and onyches not or but finely pectinate. Wings
hyaline; areolet either entire or wanting; nervellus vertical and
strongly postfurcal, never geniculate, but usually pellucid.

Table of the African Species of the Genus Angitia.

(6) 1. Head vertically broad ; flagellum filiform and slender; scape usually black.

(3) 2. Alar areolet wanting and stigma narrow. ; 1. apostata, Grav.

(2) 3. Alar areolet entire and stigma normal.

(5) 4. Metathorax apically rugose ; mesopleurae nitidulous . 2. rufipes, Grav.

(4) 5. Metathorax not apically rugose ; pleurae dull . 3. claripennis, Thoms,

(1) 6. Head vertically narrow ; flagellum stout ; scape usually pale beneath.
(10) 7. Areolet regularly triangular, recurrent central; hind tibiae banded.

(9) 8. Mesopleurae evenly punctate ; hind tibiae hardly pale 4. chrysosticta, Gr.

(8) 9. Mesopleurae coarsely punctate ; tibiae basally pale 5. trochanterata, Th.

(7) 10. Areolet irregular, recurrent beyond centre ; tibiae not banded

6. cylindrica, Brisc.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 473

Angitia apostata, Grav.

Morley, Ichn. Brit., v, 1914, p. 187; Campoplex apostata,
Gas 1829) pole:

I am quite unable to distinguish between a female Angitia of the
subgenus Dvuoctes, Forst., taken at Steynsburg, in Cape Colony,
during April 1914, by R. M. Lightfoot, and the normal European
form of A. apostata, Gravenhorst, which has not before been noticed
anywhere in Africa. It possesses red abdomen and terebral valvulae,
coxae, antennae, and tarsi; but this coloration appears to represent
nothing but a local form ; and in structure the two agree ad amussim.
It is quite distinct from any of the exotic species described by me in
Fauna Indica, 1913, p. 470.

Gen. RHIMPHOCTONA, Forst.
Verh. pr. Rheinl., 1868, p. 153.

Essential Characters.—Head broadly transverse and but little con-
stricted posteriorly ; clypeus short, not discreted from face and often
centrally dentate apically. Antennae setaceous and fully three-
fourths the length of body. Thorax stout, with speculum somewhat
dull; metathorax declivous throughout and a little produced apically,
with distinct areae; costulae subentire, spiracles not circular.
Scutellum neither deplanate nor margined. Abdomen strongly com-
pressed from base of third segment; terebra elongately exserted.
Areolet entire and usually petiolate ; nervellus geniculate.

Rhimphocotona bolibasalis, sp. nov.

3¢. A dull and slender black species with red abdomen and legs,
distinct silvery pubescence, hyaline wings and elongate terebra. Head
closely punctate and dull, transverse but not constricted behind eyes,
temples subparallel; frons deplanate and not carinate; face and
clypeus not discreted, evenly punctate and dull with apex of latter
subtruncate, its centre tuberculiformly produced ; cheeks very short,
palpi testaceous; mandibles stout, shining, subparallel-sided and,
except their equally bidentate apex, flavidous. Antennae apically
setaceous ; of 2 but little longer than half body with scape apically
ferrugineous beneath, of ¢ three-fourths length of body with scape
mainly ferrugineous. Thorax deeper than broad, closely punctate,
dull and immaculate, notauli short and not deeply impressed, sternauli
strong ; metanotum gradually declived from base to the distinct meta-

474 Annals of the South African Museum.

thoracic production above hind coxae, and not curved ; areola shorter
than the transstriate and hardly impressed petiolar area, elongate-
hexagonal, and nearly twice as long as broad, emitting indistinct
costulae from its basal third; lateral carinae strong, spiracles linear.
Scutellum and its basal fovea dull, closely punctate ; the latter slightly
convex. Abdomen slender, claret-red, closely shagreened and dull,
with the apical segments and the black basal half of the first one
nitidulous; g with anus discally black from apex of fifth segment,
2 with basal half of second segment, its reflexed epipleurae, and extreme
base of the third nigrescent ; apical half of basal segment laterally
rounded and discally convex; second segment subconstricted near
its base; terebra black and fully three-fourths the abdominal length
(terebra, 6 mm.; abdomen, 74 mm.). Legs slender and not elongate,
unicolorous claret-red, usually with hind tarsi and in @ their tibiae
infuscate ; d with all coxae except at apex, 2 with hind coxae some-
times, black; claws not small, basally hardly pectinate. Wings
narrow and not elongate, extending to fourth segment; hyaline with
tegulae fulvous, radix paler, stigma and nervures nigrescent with
former rarely fulvidous; basal nervure continuous; discoidal cell
narrow, subparallel-sided and apically acute below; areolet strong,
elongately petiolate and triangular with its lower side curved and
emitting the straight recurrent nervure hardly beyond its centre ;
nervellus subgeniculate at its lower third, emitting no spurious
nervure. 9-llmm. 69.

Probably not an uncommon species. H. W. Bell-Marley found the
type at Eshowe in Zululand during December 1916; W. HE. Jones
a female at M’fongosi in Zululand during February 1917; and K. H.
Barnard both sexes during 1916 at 4000 feet in the Hottentot Holland
Mountains (Caledon side) in the Cape Province.

Trine ANOMALIDES.

Gen. TRicHomMA, Wesm.
Bull. Acad. Sc. Berg., xvi, 1849, p. 119.

Trichomma albicoxa, Morl.
Revis. Ichn., u, 193; p. 65, g¢-

Both sexes of this distinct species have again been captured, by
G. Shortridge at St. John’s in the Cape Province during 1905, and
by Miss Pegler at Kentani, in the Cape Province.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 475

TRIBE OPHIONIDKES.
Subtribe NoToTRACHINI.

Gen. Notrotracuys, Marsh.
Trans. Ent. Soc., 1872, p. 260.

Several species of this tribe have now been described from South
and Central Africa, but in so inadequate a manner and so scattered
a form that it appears well to give a conspectus of them here. I do
not know Ophionomorpha (Ophiomorpha, sic), Szepl., Genera Ins.,
xxxiv, 1905, p. 34, with two species from Afric. equat.; Szlavoga,
Cam., Ann. Mus. Transvaal, 1, 1911, p. 190, with one species from
Afric. mer.; and Coiloneura, Szepl., Kil.-Meru Exped., viii, 3, 1910,
p- 47, with a single species from Kilimanjaro. I have seen the types
of Cameron’s genera Ophiononeura (Ophioneura, sic), Records Albany
Mus., 1, 1904, p. 174, and Erythrophion, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906,
p. 87, and I consider neither them nor Stzctophion, Cam., loc. cit., p. 85,
to be distinct from Nototrachys, Marsh., whereof the following table
comprises the described species, not all of which seem good to me.

African Nototrachys Species.

(8) 1. Cheeks short ; basal metanotal areae distinct : . Ophiononeura:
(7) 2. Head and thorax mainly black ; coxae mainly black.

(4) 3. Coxae not flavous-marked . 5 ; ; i . 1. foliator, Fab.
(3) 4. Coxae black and flavous.

(6) 5. Face, mesonotal disc and pleurae not flavous 5 2. rufidens, Cam.
(5) 6. Face, mesonotal disc and pleurae flavous-marked . 3. bidentatus, Cam.
(2) 7. Head and thorax mainly red ; coxae entirely red

4. flavomaculatus, Cam. 1904.
(1) 8. Cheeks distinctly elongate ; metanotum basally carinate, but with no areac.
(14) 9. Anterior tibiae inflated and basally constricted ; body rufescent

Hrythrophion.

(13) 10. Metanotum basally punctate ; anterior coxae red.
(12) 11. Stigma red ; head and thorax not flavous-marked 5. ferrugineus, Cam.
(11) 12. Stigma black; head and thorax flavous-marked . 6. tusisthenes, Morl.
(10) 13. Metanotum basally glabrous ; anterior coxae flavous 7. callicrates, Morl.
(9) 14. Anterior tibiae slender, not constricted ; body black . Stictophion.
(16) 15. Stigma, legs and base of antennae black : 8. nigricans, Cam.
(15) 16. Stigma testaceous ; legs and antennal base red_ . . 9. rufipes, Cam.

I have had to insert the new names, tszsthenes and callicrates,
because with his usual carelessness Cameron happens to have called
no less than three species flavomaculatus. For the earliest of these,

476 Annals of the South African Museum.

that described by him in the Records Albany Mus., 1904, flavomaculatus
is retained ; forthe second, that described in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc.,
January 1905, I have substituted tisisthenes ; and for the last, that
described in Albany Museum, April 1905, callicrates is substituted.
It is by no means clear whether their author intended the last two
as distinct inter se; as his description is considerably involved, I here
present it in a straightforward form :

Nototrachys tusisthenes, nom. nov.

Nototrachys flavomaculatus, Cam., Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc.,
OY, ICDs. (Os JEG) 8).

Red, with profuse flavous markings and the abdomen discally
nigrescent. Head glabrous and nitidulous ; face, clypeus, mandibles,
palpi and orbits, pale flavous; frons closely transaciculate and
centrally carimate. Antennae nigrescent, with scape red. Thorax
with the prothorax, two basally dilated mesonotal lines, mesopleurae
except centrally above, metapleurae below radices and broadly at
apex, and declivity of metathorax, pale flavous; base of propleurae
stoutly and obliquely striate; mesonotum strongly and irregularly
transstriate, with its apex laterally punctate ; mesopleurae punctate-
reticulate below, above with basal half longitudinally striate and the
apical smooth ; metathorax closely and strongly reticulate, basally
subglabrous before the basal transcarina, which is centrally emarginate
towards scutellum ; metapleurae coarsely reticulate. Scutellum and
postscutellum pale flavous, the former reticulate. Abdomen with
second and following segments discally nigrescent ; terebra 3 mm.
in length. Legs rufescent, with the anterior tibiae paler; “ there is
a curved keel in front of the middle coxae and another between it and
the posterior.” Wings hyaline and short, about half length of body ;
stigma and nervures black. Length, 10mm. Female only.

This description was published in January 1905 ; and in April 1905
appeared another description, with the same type-locality, Dunbrody
in Cape Colony.

Nototrachys callicrates, nom. nov.

Nototrachys flavomaculatus, Cam., Records Albany Mus.,
i, 1905, p. 250.

This differs from N. tesisthenes above in the following details :
Mandibular teeth and propleural apices rufescent; pale mesonotal
lines dilated at the apex, instead of at base; base of petiolar area of

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 477

metathorax bears a flavous line; mesonotum laterally punctate
throughout ; apex of scutellum bears two short and stout carinae ;
metanotum sparsely punctate before the basal transcarina ; meso-
pleurae mainly rugose. And abdominal details are added. Post-
petiole laterally and apically carinate; apical half of basal segment
glabrous, nitidulous and dilated, with some stout apical striae.

These distinctions, though individually slight, prove in the aggregate
that tisisthenes and callicrates were not intended by Cameron to be
identical species.

Nototrachys flavomaculatus, Cam.
Ophioneura flavomaculata, Cam., Records Albany Mus., i, 1904,
p» L715,

Two more females were captured by R. W. H. Tucker during May
1917 at Salisbury in South Rhodesia.

Nototrachys nigricans, Cam.

This species (and presumably N. rufipes, which I do not know)
certainly does differ to an appreciable extent from Marshall’s genus
in its lack of basal metanotal carinae, in the evenly reticulate frons,
whereof the central carina is obsolete, in its very much longer cheeks
and ¢ flagellum, which is shorter, less filiform, and basally sub-
attenuate. L. Péringuey took a male during October 1918 at Caledon
in Cape Province. No female Stictophion is yet known.

Nototrachys nwvana, sp. nov.

3. A dull red species with the orbits and in g head below antennae.
pronotum, mesonotal vittae, scutellum, and in 3 sternum with anterior
coxae and most of pleurae, clear flavous ; basal scutellar sulcus, 2 disc
of second and third segments and the elongate terebra and 3 ocellar
and metathoracic spiracular regions, black. Length, 10-14 mm.
This species differs from the type of Hrythrophion ferrugineus solely
in its glabrous temples and internal orbits, basally carinate meta-
notum, infuscate costa and stigma, flavidous scutellum and orbits
and lateral mesonotal marks. It was captured by W. E. Jones
during March 1917 at M’fongosi in Zululand.

Gen. HURYOPHION, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 83.

Essential Characters—Head posteriorly broader than the eyes;
clypeus not apically produced; mandibles vertical; frons basally,

478 Annals of the South African Museum.

sometimes also laterally, carinate ; ocelli emitting carinae to orbits ;
antennae not pale-banded; metathorax not colliformly produced
apically ; metanotum short; petiole sculptured ; intermediate tibiae
bicalearate ; hind coxae normal; wings not hyaline, usually vio- |
laceous throughout ; nervellus strong.

Euryophion nebulcfer, sp. nov.

A fulvo-testaceous species with only the mandibular apices, dots
behind tegulae, and abdominal apex from centre of third segment
indefinitely black. Head finely and coalescently punctate, transverse
and declived immediately behind ocelli, as broad as the prominent
eyes ; clypeus not basally discreted, apically truncate, margined and
subreflexed, basal foveae broad and deeply impressed, apical half more
coarsely sculptured ; cheeks obsolete. Antennae stout and exactly
filiform, not apically attenuate, pilose, and not longer than the body.
Thorax stout, with the evenly punctate mesonotum nitidulous ;
metathorax short, dull and obsoletely reticulate, with no discal
carinae ; spiracles large and elongate. Scutellum strongly convex,
evenly punctate, longer than broad, subparallel-sided and not
laterally margined. Abdomen stout but not broad; basal segment
smooth with its apical third subexplanate, pilose and finely punctate ;
anus subpubescent, terebra short and red. Legs neither slender nor
elongate; all the coxae closely and finely punctate throughout.
Wings ample and distinctly a little infumate, with a subcircular mark
near centre of upper basal nervure, the whole radial cell except its
base and an oblique streak in the radial cell of lower wings, strongly
infumate ; a small area immediately below stigma, base of radial cell
in all wings and a streak throughout the lower basal and the brachial
cells of upper wings, subhyaline; lower basal nervure antefurcal ;
radius evenly deflexed and subincrassate basally; nervellus strong
and intercepted a little below its centre; stigma and basal nervures
fulvous, apical ones black. Length, 17mm. Female only.

Very distinct from the known species of this genus (Morley, Revis.
Ichn., i, 1912, p. 5) in its lack of lateral frontal carinae, blotched wings,
emission of nervellus and colour of thorax. The type was captured
at Kaapmuiden in the Transvaal on 30th October, 1918, by R. W. H.
Tucker.

Euryophion superbus, Morl.
Revis. Ichn., 1, 1912, p. 6, d.

A 3 of this large species has been bred from the hawk moth
Lophostethus dumolint, Latr., from Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia.

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 479

Gen. PLEURONEUROPHION, Ashmead.
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxiii, 1900, p. 86.

Pleuroneurophion pruinosus, Cam.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v, 1906, p. 82, 39.

Captured at Port St. Johns in Cape Province by G. Shortridge,
and at Salisbury in Rhodesia during 1908.

Gen. HENICOSPILUS, Steph.
Illus. Brit. Hnt., 1835, p. 126.

Hemcospilus bisumpressus, Brulle.
Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., iv, 1846, p. 148.

A ¢ bred from the Noctuid moth Ophiusa mormoides, at Durban,
in Natal, on 2nd September 1907, by G. F. Leigh.

Henicospilus rubens, Tosq.
Mem. Soc. Entom. Belg., v, 1896, p. 382, 9.

Captured by Dr. F. W. Purcell at Hanover in Cape Province
during 1905.

Gen. OpnHion, Fab.
Entom. Syst. Suppl., 1798, p. 210.

Ophion discinervus, sp. nov.

If the type of this species be not a freak, it is one of the most remark-
able neurational modifications known, and quite unlike any of the
multitudinous specimens enumerated in my Revision of the group
in 1913. From all its relatives, this msect differs in having the
discoidal cell produced below the stigma at almost an acute angle,
from the apex whereof is emitted an elongate and very strong nervure
four-fifths of the distance to the upper basal nervure. The remainder
of the structure is normal, excepting perhaps the unusual crassity
of all the nervures, and density of ungual pectination. Scutellum
elongate and laterally margined. Length, 14mm. 4g only.

Taken at Durban in Natal, on 5th October 1908, by G. F. Leigh.

480 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. EKurycamptus, Morl.
Rev. Ichn, Brit: Muss il 9l2e 2

Eurycamptus latipennis, Kirb.

From British East Africa, originally described from the Congo.
Bred at the Museum from cocoons of the Saturnid moths Bunaea
caffraria, B. macrothyris, from Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury), and at
Salisbury from Janomima westwoodi, a Striphnopterygine moth, by
Rev. J. O’Neil.

Trip—E PANISCIDES.

Gen. Paniscus, Schr.
Fauna Boica, 11, p. 2, 1802, p. 316.

Paniscus testaceus, Grav.
Ichn. Hurop., in, 1829, p. 626.

Found at Bulawayo during February 1913, and at Salisbury during
1908.
Pamscus aethioprcus, Szepl.

Kil.-Meru Exped., 1910.

A female found at M’fongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones consider-
ably extends the range of this species.

Panscus melanocotis, Holmer.
One female from Salisbury in Southern Rhodesia on 7th May 1918.

f

TrinE MESOCHORIDES.

Gen. MEsocHorus, Grav.
Ichn. Europ., 11, 1829, p. 960.

Mesochorus nox, sp. nov.

9. A small and shining black species with luteous markings, and
abdominal disc subcircularly pale. Head finely and sparsely punctate,
testaceous, with occiput, ocellar region, frons and mandibular apices

South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the S.A. Museum. 481

black; clypeus short, broad, basally not discreted and apically
truncate ; mandibles stout and apically bidentate, with lower tooth
the longer ; palpi whitish. Antennae filiform, very slender, nigrescent
and longer than body. Thorax with strong and discally coalescent
notauli; prothorax entirely flavescent-testaceous ; metathorax nitidu-
lous and nearly smooth, with complete areae and lateral pubescence ;
basal area elongate and entire; areola diamond-shaped, longer than
broad, apically acute, emitting strong costulae slightly before its
centre ; petiolar area discreted, not reaching metathoracic centre and
pale testaceous throughout ; lateral cariae strong, spiracles circular
and not small. Scutellum convex, neither small nor laterally margined,
very finely punctate, shining and testaceous with apex mutic, its base
and glabrous basal fovea black. Abdomen fusiform with first segment
narrowly before the base, second except basally and third except
apically, luteous ; postpetiole explanate, smooth, longitudinally im-
pressed centrally and as long as the stout and black terebra, or fully
a third of the abdominal length. Legs stout and pale testaceous with
both extremities of the stramineous-white hind tibiae definitely, their
coxae discally in the centre, and femora indefinitely, black; inner
hind calcar two-thirds metatarsal length and distinctly longer than
the outer. Wings hyaline, somewhat broad; radix whitish, stigma
and nervures nigrescent; basal nervure continuous, and the upper
curved radial cell broad; areolet large, obliquely quadrate and
distinctly sessile, emitting recurrent nervure before its centre; dis-
coidal cell basally subacute; nervellus opposite, straight and not
intercepted. Length,3 mm. @ only.

M’fongosi in Zululand during May 1917, by W. EH. Jones. It is
most closely allied to M. prctiis, Holmgr., though with the cheeks
neither elongate nor striate.

VOL Xen PART o. on

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( 483 )

9. The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa, with a Revision
of the Ethiopian Species (Hymenoptera).—By Dr. J. BEQUAERT,
Department of Tropical Medicine, Harvard Medical School.

(With 14 Text-figures.)

THE present paper is the second of the contemplated series on South
African Diploptera. The genus Humenes is so much better represented
in South Africa than in the equatorial regions of the continent, that
I have been induced to offer a revision of all Ethiopian species. I
was thus enabled to correct several errors of my former work (Bull.
Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 54-86), which should, how- |
ever, be used in connection with the present paper, for the equatorial
species.

I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to the late Dr. L. Péringuey,
former Director of the South African Museum, for the loan of much
material. I am under especial obligation to Dr. H. Brauns, of Willow-
more, who very kindly entrusted me with the valuable types of some
species described by A. v. Schulthess. A few specimens were received
for study from Dr. G. Arnold, Curator to the Rhodesia Museum, and
some of the Katanga material was collected by my brother, Dr.
Michael Bequaert. During a brief visit at the British Museum, I had
occasion to examine a number of interesting specimens mentioned in
the paper, and I have also included records from the collections of
various other institutions. Finally, I desire to thank Dr. E. L. Gill
for the editing in the Annals of the South African Museum.

For a general account of the characters and life-history of the genus,
I refer to my Revision of Congo Vespidae quoted above. So far as
I can see, the habits of none of the peculiarly South African species
have been studied thus far, so that a wide field of discovery here
awaits some enterprising South African entomologist.

Many of the South African species appear to be quite local or very
rare, and additional forms will certainly still come to light, while
others are thus far known in one sex only. The entomologist who
wishes to understand specific limits in Humenes should learn to dis-
regard the colour pattern, which not only is often extremely variable,

484 Annals of the South African Museum.

but, in addition, is frequently almost identical in species that are
morphologically quite distinct. In closely allied forms, the shape of
the first abdominal segment and especially of the terminal hook of
the male antenna appear to afford the most reliable characters.
Since the differences are rather difficult to describe, the outline draw-
ings may prove of some help. Descriptions of supposedly new species,
based on colour markings alone, are practically worthless, as it is
impossible to recognise them without having access to the types.

The generic distinction between Humenes and Pachymenes, although
purely arbitrary, fortunately entails no great difficulty so far as the
Ethiopian fauna is concerned. In Pachymenes, the first tergite of
the abdomen is short and funnel-shaped, as a rule shorter than the
second ; in Humenes it forms a slender petiole, which is at least as
long as the second tergite. The Ethiopian Pachymenes are all of
small size, at most 10 mm. in total length. In size and general ap-
pearance Parewmenes approaches Humenes rather closely, but the
first tergite is moderately long and triangular in outline, seen from
above; in profile it is abruptly sloping just before the base, where
it presents a blunt ridge or crest, often followed by a slight constriction.
Of the two African species (one of which is as yet undescribed), one
shows a sharp and long spine on each side of the propodeum, above
the valvulae, which, however, is totally absent in the other. These
propodeal spines are not found in any Eumenes, and have sometimes
been regarded as a generic character of Parewmenes, but they are
absent in several of the Indian species of Parewmenes too. Formerly,
when the genus was known to me from descriptions only, I had placed
Pareumenes among the Zethinae. I have since had occasion to
examine several species, and find that in all of them the mandibles
are distinctly decussate and knife-shaped, as in the Humeninae. In
some they are hardly different from those of Humenes, while in others
they are much broadened and probably adapted to nesting in wood.
The two types of mandibles are represented by the two African species.

I have followed J. Sichel+ in regarding Humenes as of masculine
gender. The use of Omicron and Delta as subgeneric names will
probably be questioned by entomologists who study linguistics rather
than insects. Since, however, similar Greek letters have been com-
monly accepted as specific names, while some of them are used as
generic names in other groups, I fail to see why they should be rejected
in the Vespidae.

1<«* Note sur le sexe des noms génériques Polistes, Humenes et des autres noms
génériques terminés en es,” Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (4) iii, 1863, pp. 20-22.

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa. 485

Subdwisions of Humenes.

After eliminating Pachymenes and Parewmenes, Eumenes still con-
tains over 200 described species, many of which differ greatly in shape.
If the fauna of a limited area be considered, they are rather easily
arranged in natural groups, but whether these are of sufficient value
to be regarded as valid subgenera is a troublesome question. Since,
however, some have been named, I shall provisionally give them sub-
generic rank. As I wish to introduce new names for three of the
groups, a brief review of the nomenclature is appended.

1. Eumenes, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins., wi, 1802, p. 360.
Genotype: Vespa coarctata, Linnaeus, 1758, as designated by Latreille,
Considér. Génér. Crust. Arachn. et Ins., 1810, p. 438; by Bingham,
Fauna of British India, Hym., i, 1897, p. 333; and by Ashmead,
Manad. Entomol., xxxiv, 1902, p. 207.4

Syn.: Humenes 1° division, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i,
1852, p. 28.

Eumenes division Alpha, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., iu, 1856,
p. 128. Type by present designation: Vespa coarctata, Linnaeus,
1758.

Eumenes subgenus Humenidion, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxvill, 1913, p. 2. Type by original designation: Vespa coarctata,
Linnaeus, 1758.

The subgenus Humenes proper should cover the group containing
the genotype, and consequently Humenzdion is an exact synonym of
Eumenes proper. I can, therefore, not follow v. Schulthess where
he uses “‘ Humenes s. str.” for the group of L. mazillosus (Zool. Jahrb.
Abt. Syst., xxxvii, 1914, p. 262).

Medium-sized species, with strongly convex, subglobular thorax ;
no epicnemial anterior carina and no longitudinal keel on the posterior
part of the mesopleura. Head moderately flattened; mandibles
decussate, long and straight, slightly notched along the inner margin.
First abdominal segment variously shaped, often more or less cam-
panulate; with a basal, narrow, stalk-like portion, followed by a
much broader apical part. Apex of second tergite duplicate: the
hind margin proper forming a thin, depressed, and smooth lamella,
which is preceded by a much thickened portion ; the two are separated
by a deep groove, which is generally foveolate.

- 1 Westwood (Introd. Modern Class. Insects, II, Synopsis, 1840, p. 83) gives as
type Vespa atricornis, Fabricus, which is generally regarded as a probable synonym
of Vespa coarctata, Linnaeus. Moreover, his designation had been anticipated by
Latreille (1810).

486 Annals of the South African Museum.

This is the common type in the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions,
where it is represented by several closely allied species. In the
Oriental region it contains F. punctatus, de Saussure, and in the
Ethiopian region, #. braunszanus, A. v. Schulthess, #. lucasius, de
Saussure, #. acuminatus, de Saussure, H. capensis, A. v. Schulthess,
E. fiillebornianus, A. v. Schulthess, #. peringeyanus, A. v. Schulthess,
E. langi, J. Bequaert, EH. arnoldi, J. Bequaert, E. oculthirtus, J.
Bequaert, and £. pomiformis (Rossi). ‘

The following groups are in my opinion not sufficiently distinct
from Humenes proper to warrant their use in a subgeneric sense :—

Eumenes division Beta, H. de Saussure, Synopsis of American
Wasps, 1875, p. 88. Type by present designation : Humenes nortoni-
anus, de Saussure, 1875.

Eumenes division Gamma, Zavattari, Arch. f. Naturgesch., lxxviii,
Abt. A, Heft 4, 1912, p. 85. To cover ‘‘ Pachymenes II® division ”
of de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 77. Type by present
designation : Pachymenes ventricosa, de Saussure, 1852. |

2. Subgenus Omicron, H. de Saussure. Type by present designa-
tion: Zethus globicollis, Spinola, 1841.

Syn.: Humenes VI® division, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 1,
sey, 50. Wks

Eumenes division Omicron, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 11,
1856, p. 133.

Small species, with extremely globular and convex thorax. Meso-
pleura anteriorly with a distinct epicnemial carina, which continues
on the sternum in front of the middle coxae; without vertical keel
posteriorly. Head much flattened; mandibles relatively short,
decussate, slightly curved at apex and strongly toothed within. First
abdominal segment long and strongly campanulate : the basal, stalk-
like portion quite slender and suddenly widened into the apical,
bell-shaped part. Apex of second tergite duplicate, as in Humenes
proper.

Although in the shape of head, thorax, and first abdominal segment
there are transitional forms to Humenes proper, I retain this group
as a subgenus on the strength of the presence of an epicnemial carina
on the mesopleura. So far as known to me, this subgenus is ex-
clusively Neotropical.

8. Subgenus Afreumenes, J. Bequaert. Monotypic for Humenes
melanosoma, H. de Saussure, 1852.

Medium-sized, with moderately convex and subglobular thorax.
Mesopleura anteriorly with an epicnemial suture continuing on the

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. A487

sternum in front of the middle coxae; and posteriorly with a sharp

laminate keel forming an epicnemial area for the middle legs. Head

flattened; mandibles long, straight, parallel, beak-like, slightly

notched along the inner margin. First abdominal segment long and

slender, gradually widened from base to apex, longitudinally grooved
‘above. Apex of second tergite simple.

This subgenus is exclusively Ethiopian.

4. Subgenus Delta, H. de Saussure. Type by present designation :
Vespa mazxillosa, de Geer, 1775.

Syn.: Humenes II® division, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., i,
1852, p. 44; and III® division, op. cit., p. 60.

Eumenes division Delia, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., iii, 1856,
p. 130.

Medium-sized to large species, with moderately convex, ovate or
lengthened thorax; mesopleura with or without anterior epicnemial
carina, but without posterior keel. Head moderately flattened ;
mandibles long, straight, parallel, beak-like, slightly notched along
the inner margin. First abdominal segment long and slender, stalk-
like, but always wider at apex than at base. Apex of second tergite
simple or slightly thickened before the margin.

This subgenus is almost cosmopolitan in distribution, but apparently
does not occur in the Nearctic region. The following Ethiopian
species belong to it: F. mazillosu s(de Geer), EH. caffer (Linnaeus),
E. campaniformis (Fabricius), £. phthisicus, Gerstaecker, L. lepeleterit,
H. de Saussure, #. alluaudi, J. Pérez, and EL. macrocephala, H. de
Saussure.

The following two groups are connected with the subgenus Delta
by so many transitional forms that it appears impractical to accord
them subgeneric rank :—

Eumenes division Phi, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., ii, 1856,
p. 1382. To cover Humenes IV® division of de Saussure, Ht. Fam.
Vesp., i, 1852, p. 63. Type by present designation: Vespa arcuata,
Fabricius, 1775.

Eumenes division Zeta, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., iii, 1856,
p. 1382. To cover Humenes V® division of de Saussure, Et. Fam.
Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 67. Type by present designation: Sphex abdomin-
alis, Drury, 1770.

5. Subgenus Zetheumenidion, J. Bequaert. Type: Humenes
femoratus, A. v. Schulthess, 1910.

Medium-sized, with ovate, broad, and moderately convex or flattened
thorax ; mesopleura without anterior epicnemial suture or posterior

488 Annals of the South African Museum.

carina ; anterior margin of pronotum with a lamellate crest. Head
but slightly flattened; mandibles short, decussate, strongly ribbed
on the outer face, with four sharp teeth along the inner margin.
Vertex with hairy fovea in female. First abdominal segment very
slender and ribbon-shaped. Apex of second tergite duplicate, the
terminal lamella often raised and collar-like. Hind femora of male
swollen ; middle and hind tibiae of female with spinose setae.

This peculiar group consists of two Ethiopian species. It strongly
suggests the Zethinae in general appearance, but the mandibles are
stillasin Humenes. The venation of the wing is as in the Humeninae,
the second cubital cell being lozenge-shaped and its lower or cubital
margin being but slightly deflected where it receives the first recurrent
nervure. In the Zethinae the first section of the lower margin of the
second cubital cell is usually placed vertically upon the first recurrent
nervure, which runs almost in a straight line with the remainder of
the cubitus.

On account of the rather short mandibles, [schnogasteroides, Magretti
(Bull. Soc. Ent. Italiana, xv (1883), 1884, p. 251; Ann. Mus. Civ.
Genova, xxi, 1884, p. 603), appears to be related to Zethewmenidion,
and I have little doubt that it, too, represents a group of Humeninae,
perhaps not really distinct from Humenes. The only species, [schno-
gasteroudes flavus, Magretti, of Abyssinia, has apparently not been
found again. It is, however, quite possibly identical with Humenes
leptogaster, KF. Walker (List of Hymenoptera collected by J. K. Lord
in Egypt, 1871, p. 30), of which I have seen the type (g) and two
other males, from Wady Ferran (= Wady Faran in the Peninsula of
Sinai), in the British Museum. It is about the size of EL. femoratus,
but extremely slender; not only is the first abdominal segment very
long and thin, but the second is narrowed at the base into a long neck,
as in Paramischocyttarus. Yet the shape of the mandibles leaves no
doubt as to its being a Humenes. It will undoubtedly form a distinct
subgenus, for which Magretti’s name Ischnogasteroides will perhaps
be available. For this reason I refrain from proposing a new term.

6. Subgenus Oreumenes, J. Bequaert. Monotypic for Humenes
harmandi, J. Pérez, 1905.

Medium-sized species; mesopleura without anterior epicnemial
suture or posterior carina. Mandibles of the usual Humenes type.
Vertex without hairy fovea in female. Antennae 12-segmented in
female; 13-segmented in male, the last segment short, of normal
shape, not forming a recurved hook. Hind margin of second abdominal
tergite shghtly duplicate.

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, an South Africa, 489

The unusual shape of the male antennae, which I have observed
in several specimens of #. harmandi, from Japan and China, was noted
by Pérez in his original description.

Key to Ethiopian Species of Eumenes.

1. QS. Mesopleura with epicnemial carinae anteriorly, and, in addition, posteriorly

| with a jamellate keel bordering epicnemia for the middle legs. First ab-

dominal segment quite slender, longer than the thorax, distinctly curved

in profile ; with a shallow, longitudinal groove on its dorsal, flattened face ;

the groove more distinct apically. Second tergite moderately swollen, with

slightly depressed, simple, impunctate hind margin. Clypeus not emarginate,

subtruncate at apex, with the edges broadly rounded off. Antennae slender ;

all the segments longer than broad; terminal hook of male moderately

long, unguiculate, rather suddenly narrowed before the middle into a sharp

apex. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 13-19 mm.; 4, 9:5-15 mm.

E. elon osoin H. de Saussure (p. 526)

Mesopleura without raised keel in their posterior half; the epicnemial de-

pression for the middle legs not margined . ; : . : Be

2. Apex of second tergite duplicate: the smooth, flattened or raised marginal

lamella separated by a foveolate groove from a preapical thickened area 3

Apex of second tergite simple: the depressed margin impunctate, but not

divided from the preapical punctate area by a groove 4 12

3. Anterior margin of pronotum with a collar-like, raised, ianaliioent latest

Mandibles short and stout, decussate, strongly ribbed and deeply grooved

on the outer surface, with four stout teeth along the inner margin. Vertex

long, with a hairy fovea in the female. Legs stout; hind femora of male

conspicuously swollen, their lower, posterior face bearing a short spine ;

middle and hind tibiae of female with rows of short, stiff setae. Apical

lamella of second tergite often more or less collar-like, preceded by a deep

groove, which bears many longitudinal short ribs. : : en A

Anterior margin of pronotum either rounded off or with a low, linear carina,

not with a translucent lamella. Mandibles generally more slender, but

superficially grooved on the outer surface. Vertex without hairy fovea in

female. Legs slender, the femora not thickened and without spine in the

male ; the tibiae of the female without stiff setae. oa lamella of second

terete flattened . : ; eo

4, Og. Thorax coarsely and Hae ony punctate Bieanetly convex dorsally, not

appreciably depressed, in profile about one and one-half times as long as

high; the scutellum and postscutellum distinctly sloping and the short

propodeum much below the level of the mesonotum. first abdominal

segment flattened dorsally. Clypeus of female truncate at apex. Hind

femora of male much swollen, the tooth of the hind face placed in a deep,
oblique groove. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9,14-15mm.; g,12-5mm.

E. femoratus, A. v. Schulthess (p. 493)

Qg. Thorax less coarsely punctured, more shiny, much depressed and but

little convex above, in profile about two and one-half times as long as high ;

the scutellum and postscutellum part of the dorsal face of the thorax; the

490 Annals of the South African Museum.

OU

=]

propodeum quite long, its anterior, slightly sloping portion but little below
the level of the mesonotum. First abdominal segment not flattened dorsally.
Clypeus of female shallowly emarginate at apex. Hind femora of male
moderately swollen, the spine of the hind face not placed in an oblique
groove. Length (h.+th.+t.1+2): 9, 16-165 mm.; 4, 12-5 mm.

LE. vaciepldins: J. Bequaert (p. 498)

. 23. Second abdominal segment much swollen, bell-shaped and somewhat

compressed, about as high as long in profile ; the tergite pinched before the
preapical swelling, being slightly raised in the middle with a shallow depres-
sion on each side. First segment about three and one-half times as long as
wide, nearly parallel-sided in the apical half and with a trace of longitudinal
groove above ; the basal third much narrower. Clypeus nearly impunctate,
the apical margin slightly sinuate in ec nearly straight in male. Length
(h.-+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 13:5-14-5 mm.; 4, 13 mm.
E. ey ie A. v. Schulthess (p. 502)
Second tergite not pinched on the middle before the preapical swelling, either
normally convex or with a transverse depression 5 6

. 2g. Second abdominal segment much swollen asia, bell- shag and

distinctly compressed ; about as high as long in profile and distinctly higher
than wide; the tergite with a shallow, transverse depression before the
preapical swelling. First segment very long and slender, about as long as
head and thorax, four and one-half to five times as long as wide, quite
gradually widening from the base to the middle, not grooved above except
before the apex. Clypeus deeply emarginate at apex in both sexes. LHyes
bare. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 12-13-55 mm.; 3,11 mm.
E. peringeyanus, A. v. Schulthess (p. 505)
Second abdominal segment much less swollen and but slightly or not com-
pressed, generally as long as or longer than high in profile. In doubtful
cases the first segment has a different shape, or the clypeus is not deeply
emarginate at apex, or the eyes are pubescent . . ¢ - u

. 25. Small species. Second abdominal segment swollen see bell-shaped, but

not compressed, with strongly duplicate hind margin; the posterior half
of the tergite coarsely punctate (abnormally wrinkled in the type specimen
of the var. langi). First segment about as long as head and thorax; the
apical two-thirds ribbon-shaped., parallel-sided, flattened above; gradually
narrowed into the basal third. Clypeus broadly emarginate at apex in both
sexes. Black, with very few yellowisb-white markings, and occasionally
partly ferruginous ; clypeus black in both sexes. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2):
9,8-115mm.; ¢,7-9mm. . E. fiillebornianus, A. v. Schulthess (p. 509)
Larger species, with differently shaped first and second abdominalsegments 8

. 235. Hyes densely covered with long pubescence. Anterior margin of pro-

notum with a fine raised line, which is completely effaced in the middle.

First abdominal segment very slender, about as long as head and thorax,

flattened above and slightly grooved toward apex, sparsely and finely
punctate. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 13-14mm.; 4, 12-13 mm.

E. oculihirtus, J. Bequaert (p. 511)

Eyes bare. : i)

. 2g. Anterior margin of stn ttaa pindes ide a mere aes of raised line,

broadly rounded off at the sides. First abdominal segment moderately

The Genus EHumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 49]

long, about as long as the thorax; the basal stalk very gradually widened
into the apical half, which is parallel-sided, somewhat flattened and slightly
grooved above. Head and thorax densely hairy ; rather coarsely punctate,
densest on the mesonotum, not subreticulate on the mesopleura ; punctures
of first segment large, but scattered; of the second tergite finer, but very
dense, Pe covering the whole surface. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2):
9, 11-12 mm.; 6, 9-11 mm. . . #. lucasius, H. de Saussure (p. 514)
Anterior margin bok pronotum rimmed throughout with a raised line which,
although low, is quite distinct; humeral angles obtuse. First abdominal
segment of different shape , : 5
10. 2g. First abdominal segment e apanulate, about as von as ie thorax ;
not three times as long as its greatest width ; with a short stalk; the apical
two-thirds much widened and swollen, coarsely punctured all over and with
shallow longitudinal groove. Vertex and temples long. Median part of
propodeum broadly and very shallowly concave. Black, with bright yellow
markings only ; the second tergite with apical fascia and two lateral, Seen
spots near the middle. Length (h.+th.+t.1+2): 9, 10-5-12 mm.
3, 9-l1l mm. . : : . L£. pomiformis (Rossi) (p. 501)
First abdominal segment ast isnrpaitul’ete, much more slender. Vertex and
temples short. Median part of propodeum distinctly grooved in its lower
half. Mostly black and ferruginous, with few pale yellow markings; no
yellow spots near middle of second tergite ; : oe ans
11. 9g. First abdominal segment moderately slender, thes hia four times as
long as wide at apex, nearly as long as the thorax; the basal, stalk-like
third rather abruptly widened into the parallel-sided apical portion, which
is flattened and distinctly grooved dorsally. Head and thorax densely
hairy, closely and coarsely punctate; the mesopleura subreticulate. An-
tennae distinctly thickened : the fifth segment (in female) but slightly longer
than wide, the sixth nearly square. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9,12 mm. ;
6, 10-5 mm. ; ; : EL. acuminatus, H. de Saussure (p. 520)
Q. First abdominal segment long and slender, about five times as long as wide
at apex, much longer than the thorax; gradually widening from base to
apex; the apical portion not parallel-sided, slightly flattened above and
grooved toward the apex only. Thorax but slightly pilose ; its puncturation
moderately coarse and dense, the mesopleura not subreticulate ; a row of
fine, longitudinal rugosities at base of postscutellum. Antennae moderately
thickened: the fifth segment distinctly and the sixth slightly longer than
wide. Length (h.+th.+t.1+2): 12mm. Male unknown.
E. arnoldi, J. Bequaert (p. 517)
12. §. Head swollen; vertex and temples well developed, the posterior ocelli
nearly as far from the hind margin of the vertex as from each other. Apical
margin of clypeus straightly truncate. Legs stout; the middle basitarsus
broad, forming a flattened prism. First abdominal segment elongate cam-
panulate, about three times as long as its greatest width, longitudinally
grooved in its apical half. Antennal hook large, narrowly spatulate, pointed
at apex, with a blunt dorsal ridge. Length (h.+th.+t.1+2): 14 mm.
Female unknown . ; : E. macrocephala, H. de Saussure (p. 568)
Head not swollen; vertex and temples short (except in alluaudi). Legs
slender; the middle basitarsus of male not broadened. First abdominal

492 Annals of the South African Museum.

segment not longitudinally grooved. Antennal hook of male of different

shape . ; : le

las So.) First shel atin eisai anaite lone aid slander, about as long as head

and thorax and nearly five times as long as wide at apex; very gradually

widened from base to near apex, strongly curved in profile; the spiracles

hardly protuberant. Second segment with a long basal neck. Abdomen

almost impunctate. Antennal hook of male shaped like a duck’s head,

swollen in basal half, ce narrowed, with blunt apex. Length
(h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 15-16 mm.; 4, 13-5-15-5 mm

EL. phthisicus, Gerstaecker (p. 531)

First abdominal segment shorter, less than five times as long as wide ; always

much broader at apex than at base and generally with protuberant spiracles.

Basal neck of second segment short . b 14

14, Thorax distinctly longer than wide or high. Ties aba aaeal somal at about

as long as, or even slightly shorter than, the thorax ; more or less abruptly

widened near the middle ; : ; Palo
Thorax but little longer than wide or Aion, First abdloniee segment longer
than the thorax . : siya

15. Female: Clypeus deasatey pear- Laherpadl 5 tee Areal as ponte lengthened,
slightly longer than the basal, interocular part, straightly truncate at apex ;
posterior ocelli about as far apart as from the inner orbits. Male: Clypeus
much longer than wide, produced below into a rectangular plate which is
somewhat widened at apex; inner margin of mandibles raised into a fold
near base. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 14-18 mm.; 4, 17-21 mm.

Ei. AINE. J. Pérez (p. 567)
Clypeus shorter, elongate hexagonal; the apical, free portion slightly shorter
than the basal, interocular part and not produced into a rectangular plate
inthe male. Posterior ocelli nearer to the inner orbits than to each other 16

16. 2g. Second abdominal sternite uniformly convex, slightly flattened at base.
Posterior ocelli of female about as far from the hind margin of the vertex
as from the inner orbits. Antennae of female relatively swollen ; segments
7 and 8 nearly square and 9 to 11 wider than long. Antennal hook of male
eradually tapering from a triangular base to a sharp, straight apex. Length
(h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9,19-20mm.; ¢, 13-18 mm.

EH. caffer (Linnaeus) (p. 535)

Qg. Second abdominal sternite more or less flattened or depressed in the
middle, often deeply saddle-shaped. Posterior ocelli in both sexes nearer
to the inner orbits than to the hind margin of the vertex. Antennae of
female more slender: segments 7 and 8 slightly longer than wide, 9 and 10
almost square, 11 slightly wider than long. Antennal hook of male long
and thick, curved beyond the base and swollen in its terminal half, ia
in a sharp, curved apex. eg (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 17-80 mm.; 6,
12=23 an: : . EH. maxillosus (de Geer) (p. 559)

Liga) Piast nibaleuniel dooms eult seen from above quite gradually widening from
base to apex. Antennal hook of male long and slender, gradually tapering —
from a triangular base to a sharp apex, which is slightly curved and rests in .
a small pit at the under side of the tenth antennal segment. Length
(h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9,17-19 mm.; 4, 12-16 mm.

E, lepeleterii, H. de Saussure (p. 553)

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 493

Og. First abdominal segment seen from above rather suddenly widened about
midway; both the basal, stalk-like and the apical, wider portion nearly
parallel-sided. Antennal hook of male long, but thicker, slightly narrowed
beyond the base, the apical half somewhat widened and rather rapidly
tapering to the sharp, curved apex, which rests in an excavation at the
under side of the tenth antennal segment. Length (h.+th.-+t. 1-+2):
9, 12-18-5 mm.; g,12-16-5 mm. . HH. campaniformis (Fabricus) (p. 538)

E. capensis, A. v. Schulthess, #. higlettz, Meade Weldo, and #.
signicornis, F. Walker, which are not known to me, have not been
included in the foregoing key.

The following species should be eliminated from the list of Ethiopian
Humenes :—

Eumenes bisignatus, F. Walker, 1871, described from ‘ Wady
Ferran,” which is in the Sinai Peninsula.

Eumenes dilectula, F. Walker, 1871, described from “‘ Wady Genneh,”’
probably in the Sinai Peninsula or in Lower Hgypt.

Eumenes dyscherus, H. de Saussure. As explained below, this is a
South American wasp.

Eumenes elegans, H. de Saussure. This was described from Arabia
and the Kast Indies; it is discussed in the sequel in connection with
E. esuriens var. gracilis, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes leptogaster, F. Walker, 1871, described from “ Wady
Ferran,” which is in the Sinai Peninsula.

Eumenes maculinoda, P. Cameron, 1910 (3). Owing to the small
size (total length, 7 mm.) and the short first abdominal segment,
this is probably a Pachymenes or Labus.

Eumenes ornatwentris, P. Cameron, 1910 (2). This may be the
female of maculinoda, and is likewise either a Pachymenes or a Labus.

Eumenes rufoloneata, P. Cameron, 1905. This is also, in my opinion,
either Pachymenes or Labus.

Subgenus ZETHEUMENIDION, J. Bequaert.
Eumenes femoratus, A. v. Schulthess.
(Text-figure 1.)
EHumenes femoratus, A. v. Schulthess, Soc. Entomol., xxv, 1910, p. 18
(23). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918,
105 ACK.

Humenes pulchripennis, P. Cameron, Ann. Transvaal Mus., ii, pt. 3,
LOO. pp: 158 and 160) (2).

Female.—Head seen in front about as broad as high. Clypeus
nearly as wide as long, almost hexagonal in outline, strongly convex

494 Annals of the South African Museum.

in its posterior half and rather suddenly sloping to the flattened
anterior third ; the anterior, free portion as long as the basal, inter-
ocular part ; the apical margin nearly squarely truncate, with bluntly
rectangular edges, measuring about one-third of the total width of
the clypeus. Vertex with a small, hairy, transverse fovea a short
distance from the hind margin. Vertex and temples longer than
usual, margined behind with a sharp, continuous rim; the posterior
ocelli somewhat nearer to the inner orbits than to the hind margin
of the vertex. Ocelli placed in a slightly flattened triangle, the
posterior ones a trifle closer to each other than to the inner orbits,
the anterior one larger. Front unusually wide between the antennae,
with a very slight median swelling in which terminates a short, upper
furrow. Eyes bare, but little farther apart on the vertex than at
the clypeus. Mandibles moderately long and rather wide, though
still knife-shaped as in other Humenes; straight, with distinctly
curved apex, and four strong, triangular teeth along the inner margin ;
their outer surface with two wide grooves separated by a median,
duplicate rib; similar ribs run a short distance from the inner and
outer margin ; in the groove along the outer margin there is a regular
row of rather long, stiff, pale setae, directed downward. Maxillary
palpi 6-segmented, labial palpi 4-segmented; the several segments
shorter and thicker than usual; the last segment of the labial palpi
less than half the length of the preceding. Antennae rather short
and stout, the flagellum almost uniformly thickened; segments 6
and 7 nearly square, 8 to 11 slightly wider than long, 12 a little longer
than wide at base. Thorax elongate oval, about one and one-half
times as long as high seen in profile ; a little less than one and one-half
times as long as wide seen from above. Pronotum squarely truncate
anteriorly ; the margin with a strongly raised crest, forming a trans-
lucent, somewhat collar-shaped lamella; the humeral angles obtuse
and but little prominent, the pronotum being much narrower at the
anterior margin than before the base of the wings. Mesonotum
slightly convex, about as long as wide, with a median, longitudinal
line in its anterior half. Scutellum and postscutellum flattened and —
gently rounded off, being in the posterior slope of the thorax; the
scutellum with a fine, median, impressed line. Propodeum short and
moderately convex, its upper portion sloping, its lower portion nearly
vertical ; divided by a linear furrow in its upper half, somewhat more
broadly but quite shallowly grooved posteriorly ; its sides quite evenly
rounded off. Mesopleura without carinae along the epicnemial
depressions for the fore and middle legs; these depressions unusually

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 495

well marked. Legs short and stout; outer surface of middle and
hind tibiae with several irregular rows of stout, stiff, pale-coloured
setae, and their apex on the outer side with a dense comb of pale
spines. Middle tibiae with one spur. Claws with an inner tooth
shortly before the apex. Wings short and wide; the radial cell
shorter and higher than usual in Humenes and the second cubital cell

Fie. 1.—Humenes femoratus, A. v. Schulthess. A, female in profile; B, first tergite
of female from above; C, anterior view of hind femur and tibia of male;
D, hind femur of male from below; H, terminal segments of male antenna;
F, fore wing of male; G, anterior view of head of female.

more triangular in outline, with shorter radial margin; the third
cubital cell about as long as the second along the cubitus; the basal
vein ends in the subcosta quite close to the stigma (in most other
Eumenes considerably before). First abdominal segment long and
slender, about as long as the thorax, about seven times as long as its
greatest width seen from above; in profile but little and quite gently
curved, uniformly thick throughout, except near the base; dorsally
it is distinctly flattened and more or less ribbon-shaped, though

496 Annals of the South African Museum.

widened at the apex and somewhat more so in the basal third, where
the spiracles form well-marked protuberances on the sides; there is
a distinct longitudinal groove over the basal half. Second segment
with a short but distinct basal neck, regularly campanulate, the
tergite but little more convex than the sternite, distinctly longer than
high in profile and slightly longer than wide from above, not in the
least compressed ; the hind margin of sternite and tergite conspic-
uously duplicate; the apical lamella translucent, smooth, somewhat
upturned and more or less collar-like ; the preapical swelling quite
conspicuous, followed by a deep, transverse channel with a series of
short ribs; base of second sternite flattened, but not depressed.
Puncturation coarse and dense on the thorax, somewhat finer but
still more dense on the head; the clypeus very coarsely punctate ;
tegulae with a number of deep and large punctures and a small, smooth
area near the outer margin. The hind corners of the mesonotum have
a short smooth space on each side above the tegulae, connected with
the smooth post-tegulae. First tergite with minute, scattering punc-
tures, which are much larger and deeper on the anterior half in the
middle. Second segment almost impunctate, except before the
preapical swelling, where there are a series of very large and deep
punctures, more abundant in the middle than on the sides. Succeeding
segments impunctate. Pubescence very sparse, except on the head
and propodeum, where it is greyish-white.

Black, abundantly marked with ferruginous red as follows: clypeus
(somewhat orange), mandibles (with more brownish apex and teeth),
antennae (the four apical segments brownish above), a spot at the
bottom of ocular sinus, an elongate spot in the upper part of the
temples, pronotum (the extreme lower edges black), tegulae, the
upper plate of the mesopleura, scutellum, postscutellum, propodeum
(except for black margins and median line), legs, sides and apex of
first segment quite broadly, second sternite (except for a wide, longi-
tudinal, black band not reaching the apex), second tergite (except for
a broad, median, triangular black spot, which is drawn out into a
point in the middle toward the basal neck), and ill-defined apical
bands on some of the succeeding segments. Often the black is more
extensive, the pronotum, scutellum, and upper plate of the mesopleura
being blotched with that colour ; the basal neck of the second segment
may be entirely black and connected by a wide band with the black
area of the second tergite. At the apex of the first and second tergites
the ferruginous sometimes shades into orange. Hind tibiae rather
broadly yellowish along the outer surface. Wings decidedly smoky

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 497

throughout, somewhat darker anteriorly, with beautiful purplish and
golden reflections, the costa amber-coloured ; remaining nervures and
stigma blackish brown.

Length (h.--th.+t. 1+2): 14 to 14-5 mm.

Male.—Clypeus decidedly longer than wide; the apical, free part
slightly longer than the interocular portion; apical margin about
half the width of the clypeus, distinctly though shallowly emarginate,
with sharp edges. Vertex without fovea. Inner orbits but slightly
farther apart on the vertex than at the clypeus. Posterior ocelli
about as far from each other as from the inner orbits, but considerably
farther from the posterior margin of the vertex. Antennae rather
short and thick; the flagellum gradually thickened toward the apical
half; segments 6 and 7 almost square; 8 to 12 wider than long ;
terminal hook short and thick, straight, very sharply pointed from
the very base, triangular in profile, flattened and obtusely rounded
off at apex when seen from above, reaching to near the base of the
eleventh antennal segment. Legs short and conspicuously thickened,
especially the femora. Hind femora much swollen, spindle-shaped,
about three times as long as greatest width and but little flattened ;
in the basal half the under side shows an oblique, broad groove, which
does not reach the base and bears in its middle a short and heavy
translucent spine. The hind tibiae are somewhat curved and gradually
swollen in their apical half. Claws deeply bifid before the apex.
Last sternite slightly flattened, uniformly and densely punctate.
Clypeus yellow; a yellow spot on the ferruginous upper plate of the
mesopleura, just below the base of the wing; outer side of tibiae
broadly yellow. The remainder as in the female.

Length (h.+th.+t. 14+2): 11-5 mm.

Orange Free State: Bothaville, 1 J, November 22, 1898 (H. Brauns).

Transvaal: Johannesburg, 1 2 (G. Kobrow).

Cape Province: Stellenbosch, 1 9, November 1887 (L. Péringuey),
S.A. Mus.

The species was originally described from Lobatsi, Bechuanaland,
and Grootfontein, South-West Africa. The female of Johannesburg
(in Dr. Brauns’ collection) is labelled “ type,’ and the female of
Stellenbosch (in the South African Museum) “cotype’”’; but these
specimens were not mentioned in the original description, although
they have been identified by Dr. v. Schulthess. Cameron’s #. pulchri-
pennis was described from Kranspoort, Transvaal; a specimen thus
named by Cameron, in the Stockholm Museum, was recognised as
E. femoratus by v. Schulthess (Ark. f. Zool., viii, No. 17, 1913, p. 14),

VObs oN. PART 3: 30

498 Annals of the South African Museum.

and there is nothing in Cameron’s description that does not agree
with such identification.

Eumenes paeneplanus, new species.
(Text-figure 2.)

Female.—Head seen in front about as broad as high. Clypeus
slightly wider than long, forming a flattened hexagon in outline,
moderately but rather suddenly convex in the centre, slightly flattened
before the anterior margin; the anterior, free portion about as long
as the basal, interocular part; the apical margin measuring about
one-third of the total width of the clypeus, shallowly and evenly,
though quite distinctly emarginate, with prominent, bluntly triangular
edges. Vertex with a small, hairy, transverse fovea a short distance
from the hind margin. Vertex and temples quite long, even longer
than in #. femoratus, margined behind with a sharp, continuous rim ;
the posterior ocelli about one and one-half times as far from the hind
margin of the vertex as from the inner orbits. Ocelli placed in a
slightly flattened triangle, the posterior ones distinctly closer to each
other than to the inner orbits, the anterior one larger. Front un-
usually wide and almost flat between the antennae, with the merest
trace of swelling and longitudinal, impressed line above. LHyes bare,
about as far apart at the clypeus as on the vertex. Mandibles shaped
as in EL. femoratus, externally ribbed and grooved, and with the row
of stiff, pale setae along the outer margin; the apex, however, is
hardly curved and quite obtuse, while the teeth along the inner
margin are oblique and blunt. Maxillary and labial palpi as in #.
femoratus. Antennae quite short and stout, the flagellum more
distinctly swollen in the apical half than in £. femoratus ; segments, 7
nearly square, 8 to 11 distinctly wider than long, 12 about as long as
wide at base. Thorax quite elongate and depressed ; conspicuously
flattened on the dorsal as well as on the ventral side; about two and
one-half times as long as high in profile ; quite wide seen from above,
being less than one and one-half times as long as wide. Pronotum
very broadly and squarely truncate anteriorly; margined with a
collar-shaped, translucent, pale lamella, which is much more pro-
nounced than in EL. femoratus ; laterally the lamella is evenly curved
backward, so that the humeral angles, though well marked, are quite
blunt ; the pronotum is but slightly narrower anteriorly than before
the base of the wings. Mesonotum quite slightly and very evenly
convex, about as long as wide, with a median, smooth line in its

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 499

anterior third. Scutellum and postscutellum flattened, but very
slightly sloping, being still part of the dorsal surface of the thorax ;
the scutellum with a rather superficial, impressed, median line in its
anterior half. Propodeum elongate, seen from above about as long
as the scutellum, distinctly composed of a dorsal face which continues
the gentle slope of the postscutellum, and a vertical, posterior aspect ;
quite gently rounded off on the transition between the two areas ;
seen from above the two halves of the propodeum are quite bulging
posteriorly, being separated by a deep and broad groove, which

D

Fie. 2.—Humenes paeneplanus, J. Bequaert. A, female in profile; B, anterior
view of head of female; C, anterior view of hind femur and tibia of male;
D, terminal segments of male antenna.
continues dorsally to the postscutellum as a deep but narrow channel.
Mesopleura without carinae along the epicnemial depressions for the
fore and middle legs; these depressions quite strongly marked.
Mesosternum unusually long and conspicuously flattened. Legs
stout and short, as in #. femoratus; middle and hind tibiae with
stiff, pale setae on the outer surface and a dense comb of pale spines
at the outer apex. Middle tibiae with one spur. Claws with an inner
tooth shortly before the apex. Wings short and wide, the venation
showing the same peculiarities as in #. femoratus. First abdominal
segment quite long and slender, much longer than the thorax, but
distinctly shorter than head and thorax, about eight times as long
as its greatest width seen from above; in profile but little and quite
gently curved, uniformly thick throughout except at the extreme
base ; dorsally it is not appreciably flattened, except just before the
apex, without trace of groove; it very gradually widens to the basal
third, where the spiracles form low, lateral protuberances, so that the

500 Annals of the South African Museum.

segment is here about as wide as at the apex; between the apex and
the spiracles the sides are very gently and slightly curved inward.
Second segment with a short, but distinct, basal neck, regularly
campanulate, a little more convex dorsally than ventrally, much
longer than high in profile, the swollen portion slightly longer than
wide seen from above ; not in the least compressed ; the hind margin
conspicuously duplicate, as in EL. femoratus. The second sternite is
distinctly depressed and somewhat concave in the middle over its
basal third. Puncturation of the head as in EL. femoratus, very deep
and coarse on the clypeus; that of the thorax somewhat finer, the
smooth intervals between the punctures being larger, so that the
thorax is much more shiny; there is a smooth area along the apical
margin of the postscutellum, quite conspicuous in the middle. First
tergite with quite scattered and minute punctures, which are but
little larger in the middle of the basal half. The puncturation of the
second and succeeding segments as in EL. femoratus. Pubescence as
in £. femoratus.

Black, rather inconspicuously marked with ferruginous red (often
shading into brown) as follows: clypeus, mandibles, basal half of
antennae, a spot at the bottom of ocular sinus, the temples quite
extensively, pronotum (except extreme lower edges), tegulae, the upper
plate of mesopleura, scutellum (except anteriorly), postscutellum,
propodeum (except for black margins and median line), legs (hind
tibiae and middle and hind tarsi black, with ferruginous last tarsal
segment), first abdominal segment (except for a dorsal, black band,
much narrowed near the base), second segment broadly at base and
narrowly at apex, the ferruginous colour spreading somewhat over
the sides of the sternite. Apex of the first tergite with two triangular,
ivory-white spots, confluent or separated in the middle; the hind
tibiae with a narrow, ivory-white line along the outer surface; a
narrow, ivory-white line along the anterior margin of the pronotum.
Wings decidedly smoky, except in the posterior half of the hind
wings; with purplish tinge, but without the golden reflections of
E. femoratus. The two females seen, although from quite distant
localities, are astonishingly alike in coloration.

Length (h.- th.+t. 142): 16 mm.

Male.—Clypeus more elongate than in the female, about as long
as wide; the apical margin as deeply and broadly emarginate as in
the female, but the edges much sharper. Vertex without fovea.
Posterior ocelli nearly twice as far from the hind margin of the vertex
as from the inner orbits and slightly farther from each other than from

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa. 501

the eyes. Antennae quite short and thick, the flagellum conspicuously
swollen; segments 5 and 6 almost square, 7 to 12 much wider than
long; terminal hook shaped as in the male of H. femoratus. Legs
short and conspicuously thickened as in EF. femoratus; the hind
femora somewhat less swollen, about three and one-half times as
long as greatest width ; in the basal half, where the femora bear the
same heavy, short spine as in #. femoratus, the under side is obliquely
depressed, but not grooved; the hind tibiae are but slightly curved.
Claws deeply bifid before the apex. Clypeus ivory-white with a
ferruginous median spot; an ivory-white line on the under side of
the scape; pale spots on the under side of the antennal segments
9to 11; the anterior margin of pronotum more distinctly ivory-white
than in the female; apical ivory-white markings on the first tergite
as in female; broad apical ivory-white bands on tergites 3 to 7 and
on sternites 3 to 6, bisinuate anteriorly ; the outer surface of all the
tibiae and of the basal segment of the tarsi rather broadly ivory-white.
The remainder as in the female.

Length (h.+th.+t. 142): 12-5 mm.

Rhodesia: Lonely, 1 92 (holotype), May 13, 1913 (H. Swale),
S.A. Mus.

Transvaal: Barberton, 1 2 (paratype), November 11 (H. Edwards).

Natal: Mfongosi, 1 ¢g (allotype), March 1914 (W. EH. Jones),
S.A. Mus.

This species, though evidently allied to E£. femoratus, is readily
distinguished by the unusually depressed thorax. The flattening of
the thorax has sometimes been regarded as a characteristic of Pareu-
menes, but the present species shows that this peculiarity is not of
generic value among the Humeninae.

Subgenus EUMENES proper.

Humenes pomiformis (Rossi).

Vespa pomiformis, Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, 1790, p. 85.

Eumenes pomiformis, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 29
(OS an, 1856," po: 128)

Labus superbus, G. Meade Waldo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), v, 1910,
p. 36 (dg).

This Palaearctic species is found in Egypt and Libya and enters
the extreme north-eastern part of the Ethiopian region. It is here
mainly included to publish the synonymy of Labus superbus, of which
I have examined the type, from the White Nile, at the British Museum.

502 Annals of the South African Museum.

I am unable to distinguish it from #. pomeformis, and the identity
of the two had apparently been recognised by the late Meade Waldo,
since the specimen was placed with #. pomzformis in the collection.

It is generally supposed that #. pomeformis is but a variation of
the common Palaearctic H. coarctatus (Linnaeus); but, with the
limited material before me, it appears quite distinct. The punctura-
tion of the second abdominal tergite and sternite is much more pro-
nounced and denser than in coarctatus. It is, however, not the place
here to discuss these two species further.

Eumenes braunsianus, A. v. Schulthess.
(Text-figure 3.)

Eumenes (EKumenidion) braunsianus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas

Entomol., xxviii, 1913, p. 2 (93). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 275.

Female.—Head seen in front distinctly broader than high. Clypeus
slightly longer than wide, evenly convex in the basal two-thirds,
gradually sloping anteriorly ; the anterior, free portion a little shorter
than the upper, interocular part ; the anterior margin broadly trun-
cate, with a distinct, though shallow emargination and obtusely
rounded edges. Vertex without fovea. Posterior ocelli slightly
farther from each other than from the eyes; the anterior ocellus
distinctly larger. Front raised into a low carina between the antennae.
Hyes bare, their inner margins slightly farther apart on the vertex than
at the clypeus. Vertex and temples narrow, margined behind with
a continuous, sharp rim. Mandibles elongate, slender, decussate,
straight, with broad and obtuse, rather indistinct, teeth along the inner
margin. Antennae elongate; the flagellum moderately and quite
gradually swollen toward the apical half; segments—7 and 8 almost
square, 9 to 11 wider than long, 12 about as long as wide at the base.
Thorax subglobular, slightly longer than high in profile, more distinctly
longer than wide seen from above. Pronotum straightly truncate
anteriorly, the margin with a slightly raised carina which appears some-
what flattened and is much sharper on the sides, below the humeral
angles; humeral angles prominent, but very obtusely rounded off.
Mesonotum somewhat longer than wide, anteriorly with a slightly
impressed, median line. Scutellum convexly swollen, transverse, with
an impressed, median, longitudinal line anteriorly. Postscutellum
very slightly convex. Propodeum very short, moderately and broadly
grooved on the middle line behind the postscutellum, more deeply so

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 503

above the insertion of the abdomen. Sides of propodeum moderately
swollen, completely rounded off, without ridges or projecting angles.
Mesopleura without carinae along the epicnemial depressions for the
fore and middle legs. Legs normal. Venation of wings of the usual
Eumenes type. First abdominal segment long and slender, slightly
longer than the thorax, but shorter than head and thorax, about
three and one-half times as long as its greatest width seen from above ;
in profile distinctly curved and much more swollen in its apical than
in its basal half, the transition between the two portions being rather

Fic. 3.—Humenes braunsianus, A. v. Schulthess. A, female in profile ; B, anterior
view of head of male; C, first tergite of female from above; D, terminal
segments of male antenna.

gradual; seen from above the apical half is nearly parallel-sided,
distinctly flattened above, about two and one-half times as wide as
the basal, stalk-like portion, the passage between the two being rather
abrupt; the spiracles placed about midway the length of the segment
and hardly projecting ; dorsally there is a faint longitudinal groove
toward the apex and a transverse, preapical depression. Second
segment quite large, conspicuously swollen and nearly as long and
high as the thorax in profile, bell-shaped and enclosing the greater
part of the succeeding segments ; in profile it is about as high as long
and moderately compressed; basal neck extremely short; apical
margin duplicate; the terminal lamella thin, membranous, smooth,
separated by a deep groove from the preapical thickening. In the
apical half the second tergite is raised along the middle line and

504 Annals of the South African Museum.

pinched shortly before the apex, due to the presence of a slight
depression on each side of the median, raised portion. Puncturation
quite dense and moderately coarse on head and thorax, including the
propodeum ; epicnemial face of mesopleura, metapleura, and posterior
half of tegulae nearly smooth and impunctate. Clypeus smooth and
shiny, with very few, extremely minute and much scattered punctures
in its basal half only. Groove of the propodeum rather coarsely
rugose, somewhat obliquely wrinkled in its lower half. First tergite
with scattered punctures, which are finer than on the thorax; those
of the second tergite still more minute, quite superficial on the sides
and on the preapical swelling; coarser and denser on the middle,
before the apex. Pubescence long, erect, abundant, and greyish-
white on head and thorax; more silvery on sides of thorax, pro-
podeum, and legs. Abdomen almost bare; the second tergite with
a brownish, somewhat golden bloom due to very short hairs.

Black, with abundant ferruginous red markings, as follows.
mandibles; labrum; clypeus, except the extreme lateral margins ;
a transverse spot between the antennae, not connected with the
clypeus ; a narrow line along the upper half of the posterior orbits ;
segments 1 to 8 of the antennae; pronotum, except for the extreme
lower angle above the legs, and a broad, black sinus before the base
of the wing ; a transverse spot on the upper plate of the mesopleura ;
tegulae and apex of post-tegulae ; anterior half of scutellum ; major
part of postscutellum ; two large, triangular spots on propodeum,
broadly separated medially ; the broader apical half of the first
abdominal segment, except for a median dorsal band gradually
widened anteriorly and not quite reaching the apex; three large
spots on second tergite ; two placed in the basal half, a short distance
from the neck; the third triangular, placed on the middle of the
posterior half, and continuing on the sides along the apical margin.
to connect with the two basal spots (the second tergite is thus fer-
ruginous with a black design in the shape of a reversed Y); apical
half of second sternite and of third tergite, and remainder of abdomen ;
legs, except for the coxae and the middle and hind trochanters. A
narrow, pale yellow band covers the apical, swollen margin of the first
tergite. Occasionally the clypeus, mandibles, and postscutellum, and
perhaps some other parts, may be more orange-red than ferruginous.
The posterior transverse ridges, connecting the sides of scutellum
and postscutellum with the base of the wings, are pale coloured, more
or less translucent. Wings but feebly smoky, with a slight horny-yellow
tinge, darker toward the costa, faintly violaceous in the radial cell.

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa. 505

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 13-5 to 14:5 mm.

Male.—Clypeus relatively narrow, much longer than wide; the
anterior, free portion but little more than half the length of the inter-
ocular, upper part; its apical margin broadly truncate, almost
straight, with bluntly rounded edges. Head relatively higher than
in the female ; the inner orbits nearly twice as far apart on the vertex
as at the clypeus. Flagellum elongate, moderately thickened in the
apical half; antennal segments 8 to 12 slightly broader than long ;
terminal hook moderately long, reaching about midway the tenth
antennal segment when folded beneath the flagellum, straight and
uniformly thick, gradually tapering at the obtuse apex. Legs normal.
Second abdominal tergite somewhat more strongly pinched before the
apex. Last (seventh) sternite uniformly convex and shiny, not in
the least depressed, obtusely pointed at apex. Clypeus entirely pale
yellow ; a small, yellowish spot above the clypeus and a minute yellow
dot in the extreme lower corner of the inner orbits ; pronotum almost
wholly ferruginous; sternites 2 to 6 with pale yellow fasciae, quite
wide on the fifth and sixth; seventh sternite with a large, sub-
circular, pale yellow spot. The remainder as in the female.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 13 mm.

EL. braunsianus is the Ethiopian representative of a type of Humenes
more frequently found in the Nearctic region (#. bollw, Cresson, and
E. belfragei, Cresson). In the strongly bell-shaped second tergite it
approaches H. peringeyanus, from which it is readily separated by
the much shorter and broader first abdominal segment.

Cape Province: Algoa Bay, 1 9, January 16, 1897 (holotype of the
species) and 1 g, December 20, 1896 (H. Brauns); Maseru, Basuto-
land, 1 9 (Dicterlen), S. Afr. Mus.

A. v. Schulthess records it from Johannesburg, Transvaal. This
is, however, not the type locality of the species, as I have stated by
error in my catalogue of Ethiopian wasps. A. v. Schulthess designates
the female from Algoa Bay, in Dr. Brauns’ collection, as the type.

Humenes peringeyanus, A. v. Schulthess.
(Text-figure 4.)
Eumenes (Humenidion) peringeyanus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas

Entomol., xxvii, 1913, p. 2 (Q). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Natwilist. xxxix LOS) i. 283.

Female.—Head seen in front slightly broader than high. Clypeus
distinctly longer than wide, evenly convex in the middle; the anterior,

506 Annals of the South African Museum.

free portion much shorter than the interocular part; apical margin
deeply, but broadly, arcuately emarginate, with triangular, flattened,
bluntly rounded edges. Vertex without fovea. Ocelli in a much
flattened triangle ; posterior ocelli farther from each other than from
the eyes; anterior ocellus distinctly larger. Front but slightly raised
between the antennae, not in the least carinate. Hyes bare; their
inner margins about one and one-half times as far apart on the vertex
as at the clypeus. Vertex and temples narrow, margined behind with
a continuous, sharp carina. Mandibles moderately elongate and
slender, decussate, straight, with slightly curved apex and three
distinct, but broad and obtuse, teeth along the inner margin. Antennae
elongate; the flagellum much swollen in its apical half, where it is
about twice as thick as at the base; segments—7 almost square, 8 to
11 much wider than long, 12 about as long as wide at the base. Thorax
subglobular, slightly longer than high or wide, seen in profile or from
above. Pronotum straightly truncate anteriorly, margined with an
extremely fine carina, which is more prominent on the sides above the
fore coxae. Humeral angles quite indistinct, very broadly rounded
off. Mesonotum quite convex, about as long as wide, with a faint
trace of anterior, median line. Scutellum moderately swollen, with
an impressed, longitudinal line anteriorly. Postscutellum hardly
convex. Propodeum very short, not grooved in the upper half,
where it merely shows an impressed, longitudinal line; moderately
and narrowly excavated in the lower half. Sides of propodeum hardly
swollen, uniformly rounded off, without ridges or projecting angles.
Mesopleura without carinae bordering the epicnemial depressions for
the fore and middle legs. Legs normal, slender. Venation of the
usual Humenes type. First abdominal segment very long and slender,
a little longer than head and thorax, four and one-half to five times
as long as its greatest width seen from above ; in profile evenly curved
and quite gradually and moderately thickened from base to before
apex; seen from above the segment widens quite gradually from
base to middle, the apex being about twice the width of the base ;
dorsally it is not flattened and bears only a short, longitudinal groove
just before the apex; spiracles placed about midway and but faintly
projecting. Second segment quite large, conspicuously swollen
dorsally and much compressed, bell-shaped ; in profile it is as high as
the thorax and about as high as long; seen from above it is about one
and one-half times as long as wide, due to its compressed shape ;
basal neck short ; apical margin duplicate ; the terminal lamella long
and thin, membranous, smooth, separated by a deep, foveolate groove

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 507

from the preapical swelling ; the preapical thickening is preceded on
the middle line by a transverse, shallow depression. Puncturation
quite dense and moderately coarse on head and thorax, including the
propodeum; metapleura, epicnemial face of mesopleura, and tegulae
smooth and nearly impunctate. Clypeus smooth and shiny, im-
punctate except in its upper half, where there are a few, scattered,
fine punctures. First and second tergites fairly uniformly covered
with medium-sized and moderately dense punctures, which are some-

Fic. 4.—Humenes peringeyanus, A. v. Schulthess. A, female in profile ; B, anterior
view of head of female; C, first and second tergites of female from above ;
D, termina] segments of male antenna.

what larger along the middle of the first tergite and become quite fine
and scattering on the sides of the second. Pubescence long, erect,
dense, greyish-white on head and thorax, somewhat silvery on clypeus,
sides of thorax, propodeum, and legs; short but dense on abdomen.

Black, abundantly marked with ferruginous and yellow as follows:
clypeus yellow, more orange in the upper part, where it shades into
ferruginous in the centre; a yellow elongate mark between the
antennae; a yellow line along the outer orbits in the upper half of
the temples; mandibles and antennae ferruginous, the tip of the
scape and the 7th to 12th segments above blackish brown ; pronotum
ferruginous, broadly yellow along the anterior, and narrowly so along

508 Annals of the South African Museum.

the posterior margin; tegulae ferruginous; a large, ferruginous spot
on the mesopleura; scutellum yellow, margined with ferruginous ;
postscutellum yellow ; two large yellow spots on propodeum, margined
with ferruginous ; legs ferruginous; the outside of the tibiae and the
tip of the fore and middle femora externally yellow ; first abdominal
segment ferruginous on the sides and before the apex, the apical margin
narrowly yellow and a faint, yellowish spot on each side in the apical
third ; second tergite with a black mark of the shape of a reversed Y :
the preapical yellow margin widens in the middle into a triangle in
which the transverse depression stands out as a brown spot; on each
side of the tergite there is a broad triangular yellow spot; these
yellow markings of the second tergite are all margined with ferru-
ginous; remainder of the abdomen ferruginous, the second sternite
blackish at base and with preapical yellow fascia ; the other sternites
faintly marked with yellow. Wings subhyaline, very slightly smoky,
with violaceous tinge along the anterior margin and in the radial
cell.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 12 to 13-5 mm. |

Male (undescribed).—Clypeus much longer than wide, considerably
narrowed in its upper part; the free, apical portion only half as long
as the interocular part; its apical margin shaped as in the female.
Inner orbits twice as far apart on the vertex as at the clypeus. Man-
dibles not appreciably notched along the inner margin. Flagellum
conspicuously thickened in the apical half; the 8th to 12th antennal
segments slightly wider than long; terminal hook short and thick,
wedge-shaped in outline, slightly curved, gradually tapering to a
sharp apex, which reaches midway the tenth antennal segment. Legs
normal. Last (seventh) sternite slightly convex and smooth in the
centre, somewhat depressed and deeply punctate before the slightly
thickened margin, very broadly rounded off at apex. Clypeus entirely
yellow ; most of the other yellow markings of the female are ferru-
ginous, but the apical fasciae of the first and second tergites are yellow
and the succeeding tergites are also more or less marked with yellow.
The remainder as in the female.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 11 mm.

The coloration is evidently variable. The above description is
based on a pair taken by Dr. H. Brauns at Willowmore. In the type,
and two other specimens at the South African Museum, the yellow has
replaced most of the ferruginous red colour, especially on the thorax.
Structurally, however, all these specimens are alike.

Cape Province: Prieska, 3 2, one being the type, 8S. Afr. Mus. ;

fi ’
7
e,
'
ts

7

a

The Genus Humenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 509

Willowmore, 1 9, December 1, 1920, and 1 ¢ (allotype), October 20,
1919 (H. Brauns).

A. v. Schulthess records it also from Deelfontein, Cape Province.
He evidently overlooked the locality of the type specimen, which is
on the label in Péringuey’s handwriting ; the two other specimens
of the South African Museum, part of the original lot, bear the letter
P, presumably an abbreviation of Prieska.

Eumenes fillebornianus, A. v. Schulthess.

Eumenes fillebormanus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol., xxv,
1910, p. 18 (9g). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
POOKIXe ONS, 216.

Southern Rhodesia: Victoria Falls, 1 9, March 1, 1920, Rhodesia
Museum.

Portuguese Hast Africa: Amatongas Forest, 1 9 and I 3, February
1917, Rhodesia Museum.

The morphological peculiarities are described and figured for £.
langi, in which I now recognise a colour race of #. fillebornianus.
The typical form, of Hast Africa, is black, more or less extensively
ferruginous on pronotum, mesopleura, sides of propodeum, under side
of abdomen (especially on the first segment), legs, mandibles, and
under side of antennae. In the three specimens examined the only
pale yellow markings are a short line along the outer orbits in the
upper part of the temples, a faint indication of posterior margin
of pronotum in the centre, and a broadly interrupted apical band on
the first tergite. The clypeus of the male is black, with somewhat
ferruginous apical edges.

This is the smallest of the Ethiopian Humenes and should be readily
recognised by the coarsely sculptured, almost foveolate second tergite,
as well as by the peculiar shape of the first abdominal segment.

The species was originally described from Zanzibar and Lake Nyasa.

Eumenes fillebornianus var. langi, J. Bequaert.

Eumenes langi, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918,
pp. 56, 85 (9; figs. 71-73), and 276.

This is evidently the West African form of H. fiillebornianus, from
which it differs merely in the almost total absence of ferruginous
markings. It was described on a unique female from Boma, Belgian

510 Annals of the South African Museum.

Congo, which had many, irregular, transverse wrinkles on the posterior
half of the second tergite. Three additional specimens from the Belgian
Congo do not possess these wrinkles, but instead the second tergite
is coarsely punctate as in the Hast African £. fiillebornianus. Since
I am unable to find other differences, I must regard the wrinkling in
the type specimen as abnormal and due to some injury during the
pupal stage.

A female of the var. langz in the Congo Museum, at Tervueren,
Belgium, was obtained in the Manyema by R. Mayné. It is still more
black than the type; the under side of the three last antennal seg-
ments, the mandibles and fore tibiae are slightly ferruginous; the
apex of the fore tibiae is spotted with pale yellowish on the outer side ;
the only pale yellow markings of the abdomen are a small apical spot
on each side of the first tergite ; the pronotum bears a narrow whitish
line medially, along the hind margin. This specimen reaches 11 mm.
(h.+th.—+t. 1+2).

Male of var. lang (undescribed).—Head relatively higher than in
the female. Clypeus more elongate, considerably narrowed above,
about twice as long as wide; the apical margin quite shallowly
sinuate; the free, apical portion only half as long as the interocular
part. Inner orbits twice as far apart on the vertex as at the clypeus.
Flagellum moderately and quite gradually swollen; antennal seg-
ments 9 to 12 slightly wider than long; the hook-like segment rather
small, wedge-shaped, much narrowed into a very long, narrow, and
sharp apex, which reaches the base of the eleventh antennal segment.
Legs normal. Seventh sternite uniformly convex and shiny. The
remainder as in the female; the coloration also similar. In one
specimen the clypeus is entirely black, densely covered with silvery
pile ; a small, whitish dot above the base of antennae ; a short, whitish
line along outer orbits in upper part of temples ; the posterior margin
of pronotum narrowly whitish in the middle; whitish outer edges of
the apex of first tergite ; a narrow, whitish line on each side on the
preapical swelling of second tergite; and a whitish streak on the
outer side of the fore tibiae. The other male has only the white dot
above the base of the antennae and white line of the outer orbits,
being otherwise completely black.

Length (h.+th.+t. 142): 7:5 to 8 mm.

The two male specimens on which the foregoing description is based
were collected by Maurice Bequaert, at Coquilhatville, Belgian Congo,
October 15, 1922.

The Genus Humenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 511

Eumenes oculthitus, new species.
(Text-figure 5.)

Female.—Head seen in front much broader than high. Clypeus
slightly longer than wide, elongate hexagonal, quite evenly convex
toward the centre; the anterior, free portion but two-thirds the
length of the upper, interocular part; the apical margin nearly half
the total width of the clypeus, with a moderately deep, broadly open,
arcuate emargination and extremely obtuse, broad edges. Vertex
without fovea. Ocelli placed in a flattened triangle ; posterior ocelli
slightly farther apart than from the inner orbits; the anterior ocellus
considerably larger. Front very slightly raised but not carinate
between the antennae. Hyes densely covered all over with long,
erect, greyish-white pubescence, quite apparent under a magnifica-
tion of 10 diameters; the inner orbits much farther apart on the
vertex than at the clypeus. Vertex and temples narrow, margined
behind with a continuous, sharp rim. Manduibles elongate, slender,
decussate, straight; with a curved, sharp apex and three broad,
oblique, obtuse but quite strong teeth along the inner margin. An-
tennae moderately elongate; the flagellum conspicuously swollen in
its apical half; segments—8 almost square, 9 to 11 wider than long,
12 about as long as wide at base. Thorax subglobular, about one-
sixth longer than high seen in profile, and but little longer than wide
seen from above. Pronotum not quite straightly truncate anteriorly ;
the margin completely rounded off and smooth in the middle; on the
sides (dorsally) with an extremely fine, raised line, which is not visible
with a hand lens of 10 diameters; below the humeral angles there is
a more distinct, but flattened and blunt, vertical carina, which is
deeply sinuate about the middle of its length. Humeral angles
hardly defined, very obtusely rounded off. Mesonotum somewhat
longer than wide, with a smooth but rather dull line in the middle
of its anterior half. Scutellum quite uniformly swollen, the anterior,
horizontal half gradually rounded off into the posterior, sloping
portion; with a median, smooth, slightly raised, longitudinal line.
Postscutellum hardly convex and entirely within the posterior, vertical
slope of the thorax; divided by a fine, median, longitudinal furrow.
Propodeum extremely short seen from above, but little convex,
completely rounded off, without ridges or projecting angles; the
median groove reduced to a very fine, impressed line in the upper
half; moderately deep and quite wide in the lower portion. Meso-
pleura without carinae or ridges along the epicnemial depressions for

512 Annals of the South African Museum.

the fore and middle legs. Legs normal, slender. Venation of wings
of the usual Humenes type. First abdominal segment quite long and
slender, but little shorter than head and thorax, about five times as
long as its greatest width seen from above ; in profile distinctly but
quite gently curved, slightly and quite gradually swollen toward the
apical half; seen from above the tergite widens very gradually from the
base to Just before the middle, where the spiracles are slightly pro-
tuberant ; thence the increase is quite slow to the apex, which is the
widest part of the tergite; dorsally the segment is not appreciably
flattened, but its apical half bears a longitudinal, shallow groove,
which becomes more distinct posteriorly. Second segment quite

Cc

~N

Fie. 5.—Humenes oculthirtus, J. Bequaert. A, female in profile; JB, first tergite
of female from above; C, terminal segments of male antenna.

large, bell-shaped, conspicuously more swollen dorsally than ventrally,
but not in the least compressed; but slightly longer than high in
profile ; basal neck short, but distinct ; apex or sternite and tergite
duplicate ; the terminal lamella quite thin, translucent, flat, separated
from the preapical swelling by a minutely foveolate, deep furrow ;
second sternite flat at base. Head and thorax dull, rather sparsely
covered with scattered punctures of medium size; they are somewhat
coarser on scutellum, postscutellum, and posterior part of propodeum ;
clypeus impunctate, dull. First abdominal tergite with very few,
minute punctures, almost impunctate ; second tergite fairly uniformly
covered with moderately dense punctures, similar to those of the
mesonotum ; they are quite sparse and minute on the second sternite ;
the remainder of the abdomen impunctate. Pubescence quite long
and dense on head, thorax, and abdomen, giving to the insect a dull,
greyish appearance; there is also an admixture of shorter, somewhat
silvery tomentum, especially striking on the clypeus.

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 513

Black, with scant and dull ferruginous markings as follows : clypeus
(except for a large, median, black spot in the upper half), mandibles,
scape (except for a black line on the upper side) and under side of
flagellum, pronotum (except for a large black spot on each side),
margins of tegulae, posterior two-thirds of scutellum, the sides of
propodeum quite broadly, the legs (except for the black middle and
hind tarsi), the under side of the first abdominal segment, the extreme
sides of the second tergite, and most of fourth to sixth segments.
Ivory-white markings are reduced to a narrow, transverse fascia a
short distance before the apex of the postscutellum ; narrow, almost
linear, apical fasciae on the first tergite and on the second tergite and
sternite; a preapical, median streak on the third tergite; a line
-along the outer orbits in the upper part of the temples; and a line
on the upper (outer) surface of middle and hind tibiae. Wings sub-
hyaline, smoky and purplish before the stigma and in the radial cell.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 13 to 14 mm.

Male.—Clypeus much longer than wide; the anterior, free portion
only half as long as the interocular part ; the apical margin emarginate
as in the female. Inner orbits twice as far apart on the vertex as at
the clypeus. Flagellum rather conspicuously swollen in the apical
half, where the segments are slightly beaded; antennal segments, 8
almost square and 9 to 12 wider than long; terminal hook long and
slender, slightly curved, narrowed from the very base to a long and
very sharp point, which reaches about midway the tenth antennal
segment. Legs somewhat shorter than in the female, but otherwise
normal. Last sternite normally convex, impunctate. The remainder
asSinthefemale. The coloration is almost exactly that of the female ;
but the clypeus is entirely ferruginous in the allotype and ivory-white
with a large ferruginous spot in the paratype; the ferruginous sides
of the second tergite are angularly produced toward the middle; and
there are also ivory-white, sinuate fasciae on tergites and sternites
3 and 4.

Length (h.+th.+t. 14+2): 12 to 13 mm.

Rhodesia: Bulawayo, 1 2 (paratype), April 23, 1912 (G. Arnold),
Rhodesia Mus.

Natal: Mfongosi, 1 2 (holotype) and 2 3 (allotype and paratype),
March and April 1916 (W. EH. Jones), 8.A. Mus.

E. oculuhwtus difiers from all other Ethiopian Humenes in the densely
pubescent eyes. This appears to be a most unusual peculiarity among
the Eumeninae, where I know personally of no other case. Breéthes,
however, states that a few Argentinian Humenes of the subgenus

Ob, SOCin, Asa By 34

514 Annals of the South African Museum.

Omicron (such as #. spegazzinu, Brethes, H. argentinus (Berg), and
others) have traces of villosity on the eyes, visible only with the proper
magnification (An. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, (3), vi, 1906, p. 312). In
the species here described, the pile of the eyes is quite long and
abundant.

The nearest ally appears to be #. lucaswus, which, however, is quite
distinct in the bare eyes, the much broader clypeus of the female, the
broader and relatively shorter first tergite, and the coarse and dense
puncturation of head, thorax, and first cergite.

Eumenes lucasius, H. de Saussure.
(Text-figure 6.)

Eumenes lucasia, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 68 (3).
Eumenes lucasius, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix,
Is os ANS (QS).
Rethus broom, P. Cameron, Rec. Albany Mus., i, 2, 1904, p. 110 (3).
Eumenes schultzeanus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entom., xxv, 1910,
p. 19 (3). |

Female.—Head seen in front slightly broader than high. Clypeus
about as long as wide, almost hexagonal in outline, quite evenly convex
toward the centre; the anterior, free portion about two-thirds the
length of the upper, interocular part; the apical margin nearly half
the total width of the clypeus, with a distinct, broadly arcuate emar-
gination and blunt, triangular edges. Vertex with fovea. Ocelli
placed in a flattened triangle; posterior ocelli a little farther apart
than from the inner orbits; anterior ocellus much larger. Front
slightly raised and bluntly carinate between the antennae. LHyes
bare, much farther apart on the vertex than at the clypeus. Vertex
and temples narrow, margined behind with a continuous, sharp rim.
Mandibles elongate, slender, decussate, straight, with a curved, sharp
apex and three broad, obtuse, oblique teeth along the inner margin.
Antennae moderately elongate; the flagellum gradually swollen in
its apical half; antennal segments—6 nearly square, 7 to 11 wider than
long, 12 about as broad as long. Thorax short oval, about one-fifth
longer than’ high seen in profile, and distinctly longer than wide seen
from above. Pronotum squarely truncate anteriorly; its anterior
margin rounded off and almost blunt, with a mere trace of raised line
toward the sides (dorsally) ; below the humeral angles there is a blunt,
vertical carina, deeply sinuate about midway. Humeral angles but
poorly defined and broadly rounded off. Mesonotum slightly longer

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa. 515

than wide, with a fine, longitudinal, impressed line over the anterior
two-thirds. Scutellum quite uniformly swollen and almost entirely
comprised in the dorsal face of the thorax; with a median, longi-
tudinal line, which is slightly raised in the anterior half. Post-
scutellum hardly convex and entirely within the posterior slope of the
thorax, without any trace of median line. Propodeum short seen
from above, moderately convex, completely rounded off, without
ridges or projecting angles; the median groove broad and shallow,
deeper above the insertion of the abdomen, effaced behind the post-
scutellum. Mesopleura without carinae or ridges along the epicnemial

Fic. 6.—Humenes lucasius, H. de Saussure. A, female in profile; B, first tergite
of female from above; CO, terminal segments of male antenna.

depressions for the fore and middle legs. Legs normal, slender.
Venation of wings of the usual Humenes type. First abdominal seg-
ment long and slender, about as long as the thorax in profile, about
four times as long as its greatest width seen from above; in profile
distinctly, but quite gently curved, slightly and quite gradually
swollen toward the apical half; seen from above the tergite widens
quite gradually from the base to near the middle, where the spiracles
are slightly protuberant; the posterior half is nearly parallel-sided,
though the segment is slightly wider at the apex; the dorsal surface
is distinctly flattened, especially in the posterior half, which bears
a shallow, longitudinal groove, increasing in depth to before the apex.
Second segment bell-shaped, but moderately swollen, not much more
convex dorsally than ventrally, very slightly compressed ; about as
high as long in profile, distinctly longer than wide seen from above ;
basal neck well developed, relatively longer and narrower than in

516 Annals of the South African Museum.

E. acuminatus ; apex of sternite and tergite distinctly duplicate ; the
terminal lamella thin and long, translucent, flat, separated from the
preapical swelling by a minutely foveolate, deep furrow; second
sternite flat at base. Puncturation quite coarse and dense on head
and thorax, almost reticulate on the propodeum, where the median
groove shows a series of transverse ribs in its lower half; clypeus dull,
with a few widely scattered, rather large punctures. First abdominal
tergite in its posterior two-thirds with many medium-sized punctures,
more remote on the sides, quite dense on the median groove. Second
tergite fairly uniformly covered with sparse punctures, which are
decidedly smaller than those of the first ; on the second sternite the
punctures are larger, but much more scattered ; the remainder of the
abdomen impunctate. Pubescence quite long and dense, greyish-
white on head and thorax; very short and sparse on abdomen.

Black, with few dull ferruginous markings as follows: clypeus,
mandibles (except for the black base), under side of antennae, pro-
notum (except for a large black spot in the hind corners), tegulae,
post-tegulae, a spot on the upper plate of the mesopleura, the major
part of the scutellum, the sides of the propodeum quite extensively,
the sides of the first and second abdominal segments (the ferruginous
extending somewhat angularly toward the middle of the second
tergite), the larger part of the succeeding segments, and the greater
part of the legs (middle and hind tarsi blackish-brown). The ivory-
white markings are a short line along the outer orbits in the upper
part of the temples, a narrow fascia along the entire posterior margin
of the pronotum, a transverse fascia over the postscutellum, a narrow
apical fascia on the first tergite and on the second sternite, and a much
broader one on the second tergite. Wingsslghtly smoky, more so along
the anterior margin and in the radial cell, which is somewhat purplish.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 11 to 12 mm.

Male.—Clypeus about one and one-half times as long as wide; the
anterior, free portion about two-thirds the length of the basal, inter-
ocular part; the apical margin emarginate as in the female. Inner
orbits twice as far apart on the vertex as at the clypeus. Flagellum
rather uniformly swollen in the apical two-thirds; antennal segments—
7 nearly square, and 8 to 12 wider than long ; terminal hook moderately
long and very slender, almost straight, narrowed from the very base
to a long and very sharp point, which reaches about midway the tenth
antennal segment. Last sternite normally convex, impunctate, except
on the sides before the apex. The remainder as in the female. The
coloration is also quite similar, but the clypeus is entirely ivory-

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa. 517

white ; sometimes the posterior margin of the pronotum is ivory-white
in the middle only.

Length (h.-+-th.+t. 1+2): 9 to 11 mm.

This is the most common and most widely distributed of the
Ethiopian species of Humenes proper. It is, however, strictly Hast
and South African, being known from Abyssinia to Cape Town.

Katanga : Lubumbashi, 7 3, May and June 1920 (Mich. Bequaert).

Southern Rhodesia: Salisbury, 1 3, June 20, 1919 (G. Arnold),
Rhodesia Mus.

Portuguese East Africa: Mt. Morumbula, 1 g, October 29, 1908
(C. W. Howard).

Natal: Krantzkloof, 1 9, April 1917, and 1 3, March 1915 (Marley),
S.A. Mus.

Cape Province: Dunbrody, 1 g (O’Neil), S.A. Mus. ; Algoa Bay,
19, March 1, 1897, and George, 1 3, January 20, 1920 (H. Brauns) ;
Cape Town, | 3g, April 4, 1920 (Mich. Bequaert).

E. lucasius was originally described from Abyssinia. The synonymy
of E. schultzeanus was recognised by A. v. Schulthess himself (Societas
Entomol., xxv, 1910, p. 24); that of Rethus broom: by Cameron (Ann.
Transvaal Mus., 1, 3, 1910, p. 156) and by Meade Waldo (Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., (8), xiv, 1914, p. 404). Cameron has also synonymysed
with it Zethus favillaceus, Walker (List of Hymenoptera collected by
J. K. Lord in Egypt, 1871, p. 28), of Tajura, on the African shore of the
Gulf of Aden. Whether he was correct is impossible to decide from
the description alone, and it is not likely that Cameron saw Walker’s

type.
Eumenes arnoldi, new species.
(Text-figure 7.)

Female.—Head seen in front slightly broader than high. Clypeus
slightly longer than wide, elongate hexagonal, quite gently convex
over the entire surface; the anterior, free portion about two-thirds
the length of the upper, interocular part; the apical margin about
half the total width of the clypeus, rather shallowly and quite broadly
arcuately emarginate, with blunt, triangular edges. Vertex without
fovea. Ocelli placed in a flattened triangle ; posterior ocelli about
as far apart as from the inner orbits; anterior ocellus larger. Front
slightly raised and bluntly carinate between the antennae. LHyes bare,
much farther apart on the vertex than at the clypeus. Vertex and
temples narrow, margined behind with a continuous, sharp rim.
Mandibles elongate, wider than usual, decussate, straight ; the apex

518 Annals of the South African Museum.

but little curved and rather obtuse; with three blunt, broad teeth
along the inner margin. Antennae moderately elongate; the flag-
ellum gradually swollen to its apical third; antennal segments—5
distinctly and 6 slightly longer than wide, 7 almost square, 8 to 11
wider than long, 12 slightly longer than wide at base. Thorax short
oval, about one-fourth longer than high in profile and distinctly longer
than wide seen from above. Pronotum not quite squarely truncate ;
the anterior margin rimmed throughout with a very fine raised line ;
below the humeral angles it becomes a strong but flattened carina,

Fie. 7.—Humenes arnoldi, J. Bequaert. A, female in profile; 6, antenna of
female; C, first tergite of female from above.

deeply sinuate about midway. Humeral angles inconspicuous and
broadly rounded off, the dorsal aspect of the pronotum being narrow
and elongate as compared with L. acuminatus. Mesonotum about as
broad as wide, with a median, impressed, longitudinal line over its
anterior half. Scutellum rather strongly, but uniformly convex ; the
anterior half, which is in the dorsal face of the thorax, gradually curved
into the posterior, sloping part; divided by a fine longitudinal,
median line, which is not appreciably raised anteriorly. Post-
scutellum almost flat, entirely within the posterior slope of the thorax,
without any trace of median line. Propodeum quite short seen from
above, moderately convex, completely rounded off, without ridges or
projecting angles; the median groove broad and shallow, a little

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, on South Africa. 519

deeper above the base of the abdomen, entirely effaced behind the
postscutellum. Mesopleura without carinae or ridges along the
epicnemial depressions for the fore and middle legs. Legs normal,
slender. Venation of wings of the usual Humenes type; the third
cubital ceil is relatively shorter and higher than in #. acuminatus,
being much shorter on the cubital vein than the second. First
abdominal segment quite long and slender, much more slender than in
EH. acummmatus and even more so than in #. lucasvus, about as long as
head and thorax together in profile; slightly over five times as long
as its greatest width seen from above; in profile distinctly but gently
curved and quite gradually swollen toward the apical third; seen
from above the tergite widens quite gradually from base to apex,
which is the widest part; about midway the spiracles are rather
conspicuously protuberant ; dorsally it is but slightly flattened and
very superficially grooved, except toward the apex, where it is deeply
furrowed. Second segment bell-shaped and rather strongly swollen,
much more convex dorsally than ventrally, very slightly compressed ;
about as high as long in profile, distinctly longer than wide seen from
above; basal neck well developed, relatively longer and narrower
than in #. acuminatus ; apex of sternite and tergite distinctly dup-
licate ; the terminal lamella thin, translucent, flat, separated from
the preapical swelling by a minutely foveolate, deep furrow; second
sternite flat at base. Puncturation moderately coarse and dense on
head and thorax; on the dorsum the punctures are somewhat finer
than in #. acuminatus, the difference being especially marked on the
pronotum ; the propodeum and mesopleura, however, are not in the
least subreticulate as in that species ; on the mesopleura the punctures
are small and remote; the base of the postscutellum is covered with
a series of fine rugosities, placed more or less longitudinally ; tegulae
with very few, irregular punctures ; clypeus dull, almost impunctate,
with very few, scattered, and superficial punctures. First abdominal
tergite medially with sparse and rather minute punctures. Second
tergite with quite minute punctures, scattered fairly uniformly over
the whole surface ; those of the sternite larger, but very sparse. The
remainder of the abdomen impunctate. Pubescence short and sparse,
except on the head.

Black, abundantly marked with ferruginous red as follows:
clypeus, mandibles, antennae (somewhat brownish on upper side),
pronotum, tegulae, post-tegulae, extensive patches on mesopleura,
scutellum, propodeum (except behind the postscutellum and medially),
first abdominal segment (except for a median, black line dorsally,

520 Annals of the South African Museum.

which is wider in the basal half and broadens again before the apex),
second segment (except for a wide, black, dorsal mark in the basal
half, forming an inverted T), the remainder of the abdomen, and the
legs (middle and hind tarsi brownish). The few ivory-white markings
are much as in #. lucasvus and H. acuminatus : a small spot between
the base of the antennae, a short line along the outer orbits in the
upper part of the temples, a narrow fascia along the posterior margin
of the pronotum, a transverse fascia over the postscutellum, a narrow
apical fascia on the first tergite and second sternite, a much broader one
on the second tergite, apices of fore coxae and of foreand middle femora,
and the outer surface of all tibiae. Wings subhyaline, but slightly
smoky anteriorly and in the radial cell, which is faintly purplish.

Length (h.+th.--t. 1+2): 12 mm.

Male unknown.

Natal: Mfongosi, 2 9 (holotype and paratype), March and December
1914 (W. E. Jones), S.A. Mus.

This species is closely allied to both £. lucasius and HE. acuminatus,
and from published descriptions it would be quite impossible to
differentiate it. From both species it differs conspicuously in the
shape of the first abdominal segment, which is quite slender and evenly
widened from base to apex. The thorax is more slender and narrower,
seen from above, than in E£. acuminatus, from which it differs also in
the finer sculpture of the mesopleura and the less thickened antennae ;
the slight difference in the venation is perhaps not reliable. From
E. lucasius it differs also in the pronotum being more distinctly
rimmed along the anterior margin, and in the puncturation, which is
sparser and much finer on the first and second tergites. In general
aspect £. arnold: is not unlike H. oculchwrtus, but it has bare eyes and
lacks the conspicuous pubescence of the body.

Named for Dr. G. Arnold, Curator of the Rhodesia Museum and
distinguished student of the Hymenoptera.

Eumenes acuminatus, H. de Saussure.
(Text-figure 8.)

Eumenes (Zeta) acuninatus, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., ii, 1856,
p. 147, pl. vin, fig. 2 (3).

Eumenes acuminatus, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix,
1918, p. 274.

Female.—Head seen in front distinctly broader than high. Clypeus
a little longer than wide, elongate hexagonal, quite gently convex

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 521

over the whole surface; the anterior, free portion but little shorter
than the upper, interocular part; the apical margin about half the
total width of the clypeus, rather deeply, but quite broadly, arcuately
emarginate, with blunt, triangular edges. Vertex without fovea.
Ocelli placed in a flattened triangle; the posterior ocelli about as far
apart as from the inner orbits ; anterior ocellus larger. Front slightly
raised and bluntly carinate between the antennae. LHyes bare, much
farther apart on the vertex than at the clypeus. Vertex and temples
narrow, margined behind with a continuous, sharp rim. Mandibles
moderately elongate and rather wide, decussate, straight; the apex but
little curved and rather obtuse ; with three blunt, broad teeth along
the inner margin. Antennae rather short; the flagellum fairly uni-
formly thickened over most of the length; antennal segments—5
slightly longer than wide, 6 square, 7 to 11 broader than long, 12
about as long as wide at base. Thorax short, oval and somewhat
depressed, about one-fourth longer than high in profile, and but little
longer than wide seen from above, being conspicuously wider than in
EH. arnoldi. Pronotum nearly squarely truncate; the anterior margin
rimmed throughout with a very fine, raised line; below the humeral
angles it becomes a strong but flattened carina, deeply sinuate about
midway. Humeral angles quite distinct, but bluntly rounded off, the
dorsal aspect of the pronotum being relatively wide. Mesonotum but
slightly longer than wide, with a faint trace of median, impressed line
in the anterior half. Scutellum moderately and uniformly convex,
very gently sloping posteriorly ; divided by a fine, longitudinal,
median line, which is slightly raised in the anterior half. Postscutellum
almost flat, entirely within the posterior slope of the thorax, without
any trace of median line. Propodeum quite short seen from above,
moderately convex, completely rounded off, without ridges or pro-
jecting angles; the median groove broad and shallow, a little deeper
above the base of the abdomen, almost reduced to a fine, impressed
line in the upper half. Mesopleura without carinae or ridges along
the epicnemial depressions for the fore and middle legs. Legs normal,
slender. Venation of wings of the usual Humenes type; third cubital
cell relatively long, being not or but little shorter on the cubital vein
than the second; first abscissa of radial vein (on first cubital cell)
about twice as long as the second (on second cubita! cell) ; the third
abscissa convex into the radial cell and about as long as the two
preceding abscissae together; the third cubital cell but little higher
than long on the radial vein. First abdominal segment long, but
moderately slender, much less so than in £. arnoldi and even less than

522 Annals of the South African Museum.

in £. lucasius ; about as long as the thorax in profile; not quite four
times as long as its greatest width seen from above; in profile dis-
tinctly but gently curved and much more swollen than in #. lucasius
and 4. arnoldi, being thicker in the middle than at the apex ; seen from
above the basal third forms a narrow stalk, which widens rather
rapidly to midway, where the spiracles are hardly protuberant; the
apical half is fairly parallel-sided, nearly three times as wide as the
base, flattened dorsally and with a distinct, though shallow, longi-

CR

Fic. 8.—Humenes acuminatus, H. de Saussure. A, female in profile; B, first tergite
of female from above; C, terminal segments of male antenna; D, antenna of
female.

tudinal groove; there is a distinct, transverse depression before the
slightly thickened apex. Second segment bell-shaped and rather
strongly swollen, much more convex dorsally than ventrally, not
appreciably compressed, slightly longer than high in profile and longer
than wide seen from above; basal neck quite short and but little
narrower than the apex of the first tergite; apex of sternite and
tergite distinctly duplicate; the terminal lamella thin, translucent,
flat, separated from the preapical swelling by a minutely foveolate,
deep furrow ; second sternite flat at base. Puncturation quite coarse
and dense on head and thorax; the propodeum and especially the
mesopleura, subreticulate ; tegulae almost impunctate; clypeus dull,
its basal half with scattered, rather large punctures, which are
especially conspicuous in the middle. First abdominal tergite fairly

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, 1n South Africa. 523

uniformly covered with scattering, minute punctures, with a few
larger ones near the middle line. Second tergite with very minute
punctures, scattered all over and becoming rather indistinct toward
the preapical swelling; those of the sternite very sparse and quite
small. The remainder of the abdomen impunctate. Greyish-white
pubescence long, erect, and dense on head and thorax; very short
and sparse on abdomen; the clypeus somewhat silvery; the whole
body dull, due to a brownish tomentum, especially distinct on the
second tergite.

Black, abundantly marked with ferruginous as follows: clypeus
(except for a median black spot near the base), mandibles (black at
extreme base), antennae (brownish-black on the upper side), pronotum
(except for a black spot in the posterior haif), tegulae, post-tegulae,
a large spot on the upper plate of the mesopleura, scutellum (except
for the margins and a black median line), major part of propodeum
(except the broad anterior and lateral margins and middle line), first
abdominal segment ventrally and on the sides of its apical half, sides
of second tergite forming broad triangular spots a short distance from
the base, blotches in the apical half of the second sternite, remainder
of abdomen, and legs (except for the brownish-black basal two-thirds
of hind femora; the coxae somewhat brownish). The ivory-white
markings are almost exactly as in #. arnoldi: a small, transverse spot
between the base of the antennae, a short line along the outer orbits in
the upper part of the temples, a line along the posterior margin of
the pronotum (rather indistinct toward the base of the wings), a trans-
verse fascia over the postscutellum, a narrow apical fascia on the
first tergite and second sternite, a much broader one on the second
tergite (somewhat emarginate in the middle), the extreme apex of
the fore coxae, a spot near the apex of the middle tibiae, and a line
on the outer surface of all the tibiae. Wings subhyaline, slightly
smoky and somewhat purplish along the anterior margin and in the
subcostal and radial cells.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 12 mm.

Male.—Clypeus about one and one-half times as long as wide; the
anterior, free portion about two-thirds the length of the basal, inter-
ocular part; the apical margin somewhat less emarginate than in
the female. Inner orbits twice as far apart on the vertex as at the
clypeus. Flagellum very gradually swollen toward the apical half ;
antennal segments—5 and 6 slightly longer than wide, 7 nearly square,
8 to 12 wider than long ; terminal hook as in 4. lucasvus, very slender,
almost straight, narrowed from the very base to a long and very

524 Annals of the South African Museum.

sharp point, which reaches to near the base of the tenth antennal
segment. Last sternite normally convex, impunctate, except on the
sides before the apex. Clypeus impunctate. The remainder as in
the female. Coloration similar, but the clypeus entirely ivory-white ;
apical, ivory-white fasciae also on tergites 3 and 4 and on sternites
3 to 6; all tibiae with a broader, ivory-white line on the outer surface.
In the one specimen seen the ivory-white line is lacking along the
posterior margin of the pronotum ; also the third cubital cell is much
longer than the second, but this is evidently due to an abnormal
shortening of the second cell, as the second recurrent vein ends just
beyond the second transverse cubital in the extreme corner of the
third cubital cell (in the female described above the second recurrent
ends normally in the second cubital cell considerably before the second
transverse cubital).

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 10-5 mm.

Transvaal: Lichtenburg, 1 3, January 1, 1906 (H. Brauns).

Natal: Frere, 1 9, 1893 (G. Marshall), S.A. Mus.

The two specimens on which the above description is based were
identified as HL. acuminatus by Dr. A. v. Schulthess. The male agrees
with de Saussure’s very brief description and figure; the author
mentions expressly that the thorax is quite broad at the pronotum,
which is one of the main differences of this species with H. arnoldi and
E. lucasius. No complete description of the species has ever been
given.

Gribodo (Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, xxi, 1864, p. 296) described from
Abyssinia (Let Marefia, Scioa) the supposed female of acuminatus.
His description, however, could apply equally well to that species,
to E. arnoldi, and to EH. lucasiws. According to A. v. Schulthess
(Societas Entomol., xxv, 1910, p. 24), Gribodo’s acwminatus is specifi-
cally distinct from de Saussure’s species, but the differences were
not stated.

H. de Saussure’s type (¢), from the “ Cape of Good Hope,” should
be at the Stockholm Museum.

Eumenes capensis, A. v. Schulthess.

Eumenes capensis, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol., xxv, 1910,
p. 18 (23). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix,
Us. 10, ANG:

Male and Female.—“ Similar to E. coarctatus, L., but the thorax
less globular, more elongate oval. Petiole (=first abdominal segment)

The Genus Eumenes, Latrealle, in South Africa. 525

much longer, as long as the thorax; parallel-sided in its basal third,
then suddenly widening to twice the width, the apical third also
parallel-sided, with distinct, median, longitudinal groove; in profile
straight in the basal half, rather strongly swollen and curved in the
apical half. Puncturation as in coarctatus, coarse and very dense on
head and thorax, the intervals smaller than the punctures; first and
second tergites with scattered, fine punctures.

“ Black, with abundant orange-red and pale yellow markings.
Head and thorax densely covered with long, yellowish-grey pile.
The following parts are orange-red: mandibles, labrum, clypeus, a
dot between the eyes, the basal half of the antennae as well as their
under side, the pronotum (which, however, is blotched with black in
the posterior corner), tegulae, scutellum, propodeum, a large spot
below the wings, the sides of the first tergite, the hind margin of the
second, tergites 3 to 6, and the legs. In addition, on the second
tergite a large, median [orange-red] spot (which may be absent),
connected with the apical band; also two large, lateral spots in the
anterior half of the tergite, often connected along the sides with the
apical band. The following parts are yellow: in the 2, the post-
scutellum, a narrow fascia at the apex of the first and second tergites,
and stripes on the anterior surface of the tibiae; in the g, the under
side of the scape, the prothoracic lobes, the hind margin of the pro-
notum, two spots on the scutellum, the postscutellum, the lower
corners of the propodeum, the apical margin of all tergites and sternites,
two small, rounded spots anteriorly on the disk of the second tergite,
and the anterior surface of all femora and tibiae.

“Length of body: 16 mm.”

Described on one male and two females from “ Kapland ” (probably
Cape Province).

The species is unknown to me. Since it is compared with H#.
coarctatus, we must assume that the hind margin of the second segment
is duplicate and that it consequently belongs in Humenes proper.
It appears to be quite distinct from any of the species which I have
seen, although it does not seem feasible to include it in the key on the
strength of published characters. Its closest ally is evidently £.
acuminatus, but the size (although clearly based upon the total length,
which varies considerably with the retraction of the posterior segments)
is much too large for that species.

526 Annals of the South African Museum.

Subgenus AFREUMENES, J. Bequaert.

Eumenes melanosoma, H. de Saussure.

The outstanding morphological feature of this species is the presence
of a sharp, vertical carina shortly before the hind margin of the meso-
pleura. Although this peculiarity is not mentioned in the description
of H. sulcigastra, and I have had no occasion to examine the type,
I have little doubt that species is the typical colour form of EL. melano-
soma. The various structures pointed out by Gribodo are present in
melanosoma, which was originally described by error as of Java. As
a matter of fact, it has never been found outside the African continent,
where it occurs south of 12° N., extending in the west to 12° S., and
in the east at least as far as Durban.

The morphological characters of the species have been described
and illustrated in my paper of 1918. It may still be added that the
apex of the second tergite is not duplicate; but the punctate, pre-
apical area is separated from the smooth, impunctate, depressed,
terminal margin by a fine, transverse, dotted line.

Several colour phases may be recognised. Although the extremes
are conspicuously different, there are many intergrades, so that it is
not always evident which varietal name to use. Possibly some of the
transitional forms may be due to hybridism, as several phases often
occur in the same geographical area. They are by no means as
clearly defined as in the case of #. maaillosus.

Key to Colour Phases of EK. melanosoma.

1. Body mainly black, with relatively few ferruginous spots on head, thorax, legs,
first abdominal segment, and rarely on the second. Pale yellow or ivory-
white markings are either absent or very much reduced. Wings uniformly
smoky or dark brown, often with purple reflection . , 2

Body black and ferruginous red, more or less abundantly ee with bret
yellow. Wings subhyaline or slightly infuscate, with amber-yellow tinge. 4

2. Black, without any yellow or ivory-white markings. Head, thorax, and first

segment scantily marked with ferruginous. var. aterrimus, A. v. Schulthess
At least the apex of the first ne or the propodeum hee with pale yellow
or ivory-white A ‘ se)

3. Abdomen black with a very narrow, jelliowasle: res or ivory- 1 ana fascia at
the apex of the first, or first and second tergites, often interrupted in the
middle. Thorax not marked with pale yellow or white.

typical H. melanosoma
Ivory-white markings more abundant, being present, not only at the apex of
the first two tergites, but also on the thorax (at least two spots on pro-

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa. 527

podeum; often also spots on pronotum, scutellum, and postscutellum) ;

head and legs generally marked with pale yellow . var. decipiens, Kirby

4, Abdomen without yellow markings or these are reduced to narrow and more

or less interrupted fasciae at the apex of the first, or first and second tergites.

Propodeum with two yellow spots of variable size; rarely the pronotum,

scutellum, and postscutellum also spotted with yellow. Body more or less

extensively ferruginous red. : var. longirostris, Gerstaecker

Abdomen, or thorax, or both abundantly marked with yellow ‘ Ae ers)

5. Abdomen, behind the first segment, yellow dorsally, with a black cross over

the second tergite . : ‘ var. affinis, A. v. Scbulthess

Abdomen with the yellow emieied Maoh less extensive or almost absent. 6

6. Abdomen almost without yellow; usually with two yellow spots near the

apical margin of the second tergite. Thorax and head quite richly marked

with yellow . A : . var. aethiopicus, H. de Saussure

Most of the abdominal Drees with yellow spots near the apex ; often also a
yellow spot on each side of the second tergite before the middle.

var. distinctus, H. de Saussure

Eumenes melanosoma, typical colour phase.

Eumenes melanosoma, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 61,
(Cea Tolle sani paola We

Eumenes melanosomus, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
KxxIx, 1918, pp. 79 (2g). and 281.

Eumenes sulcigastra, Gribodo, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, xxi, 1884,
p29 (©):

Eumenes sulcigaster, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix,
1918, p. 283.

This colour phase is quite widely distributed throughout equatorial
Africa, being known from Cameroon (Lolodorf and Batanga, according
to specimens in the Carnegie Museum) and Abyssinia (sulcigastra,
Gribodo) to the Lower Congo (Boma and Malela, in the Congo Museum
at Tervueren), Katanga, and Natal. I have seen at the British
Museum several specimens collected by 8. A. Neave in Uganda (S.-E.
Ankole ; western shores of Lake Victoria ; W. Ankole).

Katanga: Panda River, 2 g and 1 2, October 2, 1920, and Kimilolo
River, 1 2, July 3, 1920 (Mich. Bequaert); Lufire River and 150
to 200 miles west of Kambove (A. A. Neave), Brit. Mus.

Natal: Stella Bush, 1 g¢ (Marley), Natal Mus.; Clairmont, 1 ¢
(Marley) ; Durban, 2 ¢ (W. Haygarth), 1 3 (Ross), 1 2 (Marley) ;
Eshowe, 1 2 (Marley), 8. Afr. Mus.

One of the males of Durban had been identified as #. melanosoma
var. longirostris, and it is evidently an intergrade to that colour phase.

528 Annals of the South African Museum.

;

Owing to the total absence of yellow on the thorax, I prefer to include
it among typical melanosoma. Some specimens have hardly a trace
of ferruginous, while others are distinctly blotched with that colour.
In the males of Katanga, the clypeus is reddish without pale yellow,
in those of Natal it is almost entirely ivory-white.

Eumenes melanosoma var. aterramus, A. v. Schulthess.

Eumenes melanosoma var. aterrumus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas
Entomol., xxv, 1910, p. 18 (2). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Naty Hists xxix 19189 pps clk S2eamde2s2n( os)

This extreme melanistic form is so slightly different from the typical
phase that it hardly deserves a name. A. v. Schulthess has recorded
it from Togo, Cameroon, the Belgian Congo, Nyasaland, and Zanzibar.
I have seen at the British Museum numerous specimens from Kenya
Colony and the north-western shore of Lake Nyasa (8. A. Neave).

Humenes melanosoma var. decipiens, Kirby.

Eumenes decipiens, W. F. Kirby, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), xviii,
1896, p. 265 (no sex).

Eumenes melanosomus var. decipiens, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 81, 82, and 282 (93), figs. 64-69
(oa Jo. 79)

Eumenes gracillama, A. Tullgren, Ark. f. Zool., 1, 1904, p. 445, pl. xxi,
fig. 8 (3).

Eumenes mosert, W. A. Schulz, Spolia Hymenopterologica, 1906, p. 315,
figs, Lla-11e (9).

Originally described from the Ogowe River, Gaboon, this colour
phase appears to be strictly West African. It extends from Sierra
Leone, Togo, Cameroon (Metet, Lolodorf, Efulen, and Batanga, at
the Carnegie Museum), and Fernando Po (several specimens at the
British Museum, including one of the “ types ” of #. moserz), through-
out the Belgian Congo (as far south-east as the Manyema), to Uganda
(numerous specimens in the British Museum), and [ala in the Maramas
district, Kenya Colony (S. A. Neave, Brit. Mus.).

There are also at the British Museum several specimens from north-
east Rhodesia and Mashonaland which are evidently transitional
between the typical form and the var. decopiens.

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, 1n South Africa. 529

Eumenes melanosoma var. longirostris, Gerstaecker.

Eumenes longirostris, Gerstaecker, Monatsber. Preuss. Ak. Wiss.
Berlin, 1857, p. 462 (3).

Eumenes melanosomus var. longirostris, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 81, 83, and 282 (93).

Eumenes erythraspis, P. Cameron, Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exp.
Kilimandjaro, u, 8, 6, 1910, pp. 175 and 179 (9).

As here understood, this colour phase is typically East African,
extending from Kenya Colony (Voi.—Brit. Mus.) to Zululand. West-
ward it barely enters the north-eastern Belgian Congo (on the Lower
Semliki), is more abundant in Upper Katanga, and even reaches
Angola (Brit. Mus.).

Katanga: Lubumbashi, 1 3, June 3, 1920, and 1 9, June 10,
1920 (Mich. Bequaert).

Transvaal: Acornhoek, 1 3, November 1918 (R. W. Tucker),
8.A. Mus.

Natal: Mfongosi, 1 g, March 1916 (W. EH. Jones), S.A. Mus.

According to Gerstaecker’s original description, longirostris is black
and ferruginous red, with a yellow spot on each side of the propodeum,
a pair of elongate yellow spots behind the middle of the first tergite,
a yellow, apical margin on the first tergite, and an interrupted, yellow,
transverse fascia at the apex of the second tergite. Among the
specimens here referred to longirostris, the male from Lubumbashi,
Katanga, comes quite near this description, but the interrupted, pale
fascia at the apex of the second tergite is exceedingly narrow; the
clypeus is totally yellow. The female from the same locality is quite
similar, but has a reddish-brown clypeus, and the second tergite lacks
the apical fascia. In the male of Acornhoek there is a small, yellow
spot on each side of the pronotum ; while the male of Mfongosi has,
in addition, two yellow dots on the scutellum, an interrupted, yellow
band on the postscutellum, and traces of preapical, lateral, yellow
spots on tergites 3, 4, and 5.

Humenes melanosoma var. affinis, A. v. Schulthess.

EHumenes melanosoma var. affinis, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv, 1910, p. 18 (93g). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
XxXxix, 1918, pp. 81 and 282.

Eumenes xanthaspis, P. Cameron, Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exp.
Kilimandjaro, u1, 8, 6, 1910, p. 175 (3).

VOL. XXIII, PART 3. 35

530 Annals of the South African Museum.

In coloration this interesting form is a perfect mimic of the typical
colour phase of H#. lepeleteriz. It is apparently quite rare and peculiar
to the coastal districts of equatorial East Africa. A. v. Schulthess’
specimens were from Daressalaam, while EL. zanthaspis was described
from Kibonoto, on the lower slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro. At the
United States National Museum I have seen a male from Jombene
Hills, Kenya Colony (Chanler-Hohnel Expedition), which is here some-
what more fully described.

Black, with abundant bright yellow markings as follows: clypeus ;
mandibles; a lozenge-shaped spot between the antennae; sinus of
eyes; outer orbits; scape quite broadly below; pronotum (except
for a black, triangular spot on each side before the wings) ; scutellum
(except posteriorly) ; major part of mesopleura ; propodeum (except
for a black stripe on the median groove) ; outer side of fore femora,
of all tibiae, and of fore and middle basitarsi; an elongate spot on
each side beyond the middle and a narrow apical margin on first
abdominal tergite ; broad, preapical bands on tergites 2 to 5, inter-
rupted in the middle ; also a broad, somewhat triangular spot on each’
side in the basal half of second tergite; and small, lateral spots on
sixth tergite. Major part of antennae, anterior face of thorax, tegulae,
legs (except where yellow), sides of first abdominal segment (more
extensively before the yellow, apical margin), sides of second tergite,
and all the sternites, more or less ferruginous ; this colour also suffuses
the black of the pleura. Wings subhyaline, tinged with amber yellow.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 13 mm.

Another male from Kibwezi, Kenya Colony, 3000 ft., April 2-4,
1911 (S. A. Neave), is coloured exactly like the Jombene specimen.

EHumenes melanosoma var. aethiopicus, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes aethiopica, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 62 (9).
Eumenes melanosoma var. aethiopicus, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 81, 84, and 281 (93).

This form appears to be restricted to the West African subregion.
I have seen the type, of the Congo, at the British Museum, which also
contains additional specimens from Sierra Leone, the Gold Coast,
Northern Nigeria, and Uganda. It has been reported from the
Gaboon, and it is quite widely distributed in the Belgian Congo
(apparently not in Upper Katanga). At the Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, there is a female from Olama, Cameroon.

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 531

Eumenes melanosoma var. distenctus, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes distinctus, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., ii, 1856,
p- 143 (3).

Eumenes melanosoma var. distinctus, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 82. 84, and 282 (93).

Eumenes walkeri, C. Ritsema, Tijdschr. v. Entom., xvii, 1874, p. 199,
play get (Ss).

This colour phase has much the same distribution as the var.
aethiopicus. I have seen it at the British Museum from Sierra Leone,
Northern Nigeria, and Uganda. It is common in the Belgian Congo,
where it even enters Upper Katanga. Possibly it might be found in
Rhodesia. |

Katanga: Lubumbashi, several 2 and 3, June and July 1920
(Mich. Bequaert).

The yellow markings are quite variable in extent, and some specimens
appear to be intergrades between this and the var. aethiopicus.

Subgenus Detta, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes phthisicus, Gerstaecker.
(Text-figure 9.)

Eumenes phthisicus, Gerstaecker, Monatsb. Preuss. Ak. Wiss. Berlin,
1857, p. 463 ($) ; in Peters, Reise n. Mossambique, Zool., v, 1862,
p. 463, pl. xxx, fig. 2(¢). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 283.

This species has not yet been fully described. Gerstaecker knew
only the male, and his description is incomplete in several important
particulars, such as the shape of the antennal hook. The female is,
so far as I know, undescribed.

Female (undescribed).—Head rather flattened, seen in front slightly
wider than high. Clypeusa little longer than wide, elongate hexagonal,
very slightly and evenly convex ; the anterior, free portion nearly as
long as the basal, interocular part; the apical margin about one-half
the total width of the clypeus, very broadly and arcuately emarginate,
with distinct and rather sharp edges. Vertex without fovea. Ocelli
placed in a flattened triangle; the posterior ocelli distinctly farther
apart than from the inner orbits, about as far from the hind margin
of the vertex as from the eyes ; anterior ocellus a little larger. Front

532 Annals of the South African Museum.

slightly raised and very bluntly carinate between the antennae. Hyes
bare, but slightly farther apart on the vertex than at the clypeus.
Vertex and temples quite narrow, margined behind with a continuous,
sharp rim. The shape of the mandibles is characteristic; they are
moderately long and slender, decussate, straight, slightly curved at
the blunt apex, with three narrow notches along the inner margin ;
of the three teeth thus defined, the first (nearest the base, but placed
about midway) is small and blunt; the two following are very broad,
flattened plates, the second being about twice as long as the third ;
beyond the third, the inner margin forms a much narrower plate
extending to near the apex; the inner margin is set off by a carina
accompanied by a deep groove, which bears numerous stiff setae ;
shortly before the apex the setae are so numerous as to form a brush ;
owing to the development of the lamellar teeth, and also to a slight
widening of the outer margin, the mandible is nearly as broad in its
apical half as at the base. Third segment of maxillary palpi short,
only half as long as the second, and about the length of the fourth
and fifth. Antennae rather short, moderately swollen toward the
apical half ; segments—6 and 7 longer than wide, 8 almost square, 9 to
11 slightly wider than long, 12 a little longer than wide at base. Thorax
elongate globular, nearly subglobular, shorter and more convex than
in the other Ethiopian species of the subgenus Delta; but little
longer than high in profile or than broad seen from above. Pronotum
squarely truncate; the anterior margin rimmed throughout with
a fine, raised line; on the sides, below the humeral angles, there is at
first only a blunt ridge, but in the lower part this becomes a wavy
carina. Humeral angles broadly rounded off, the pronotum but little
narrowed anteriorly. Mesonotum slightly longer than wide, with a
fine, median, impressed line in its anterior half, generally hidden under
the appressed pilosity. Scutellum and postscutellum evenly and
slightly convex, forming a continuous curve with the mesonotum ;
the scutellum partly and the postscutellum entirely within the posterior
slope of the thorax; neither of them show a median raised line or
depression. Propodeum very short and moderately convex; seen
from above hardly longer than postscutellum, rounded off, without
ridges or projecting angles on the sides ; in the upper half it is merely
divided by a fine, median, longitudinal, impressed line ; in the lower
half it is very broadly and shallowly excavated toward the base of the
abdomen ; just above the valvulae the sides are conspicuously com-
pressed into a short ridge, ending posteriorly in a sharp point. Meso-
pleura without carinae along the anterior and posterior epicnemial

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. ioe

depressions, which are, however, quite pronounced. Legs slender, as
usual. Venation of wings of the ordinary Eumenes type; the third
cubital cell rather longer at the cubital vein than usual. First abdom-
inal segment very long and slender, more so than in the other African
species of the subgenus Delta; nearly as long as head and thorax in
profile ; about five times as long as wide at apex, seen from above ;
in profile strongly curved and quite gradually and slightly swollen
from the base to before the apex; seen from above it very gently
widens posteriorly (even more evenly than in #. lepeleteri), the apex
being not much over twice the width of the base; dorsally it is uni-
formly convex, without any trace of groove; the spiracles are not in

Fie, 9.—Humenes phthisicus, Gerstaecker. A, female in profile; B, first tergite
of female from above; C, mandible of female; D, terminal segments of male
antenna.

the least visible from above, and they are just barely raised on the
sides. Second segment elongate oval and slightly depressed, about
equally convex dorsally and ventrally, nearly one and one-half times
as long as high in profile, and but little longer than wide seen from
above ; basal neck long, a little over half as wide as the apex of the
first segment, as conspicuous as in many species of Zethus ; apical
margin simple, depressed ; sternite more convex than usual, slightly
flattened at base. Head and thorax quite densely covered with large
but rather shallow punctures, giving it a minutely reticulate appear-
ance; vertex, temples, tegulae, and epicnemial depressions for the
fore and middle legs nearly impunctate; the sides of the propodeum
also with rather sparse and small punctures; the anterior margin of
the scutellum with a smooth area, which extends somewhat backward
in the middle; clypeus with few, very scattered, small punctures,
which are somewhat more distinct in the basal half. Abdomen
impunctate under an ordinary lens; but under high magnification it

534 Annals of the South African Museum.

is densely and uniformly covered with microscopic punctures. Head
and thorax densely covered with short, greyish-white, somewhat
matted pile, with a slight silvery sheen, more noticeable on the clypeus ;
abdomen and legs nearly bare, with a faint greyish bloom.

Black, with indefinite ferruginous brown blotches on mandibles,
base and under side of antennae, clypeus, pronotum, tegulae, pleura,
scutellum, propodeum, sides of first abdominal segment, base of
second, succeeding sternites, last tergite, and legs. The ivory-white
markings are reduced to a short line along the outer orbits above, two
small spots before the apex and a narrow line on each side of the
apical margin on the first tergite, and a quite narrow preapical fascia
on the second tergite, generally interrupted in the middle. Wings
faintly smoky anteriorly, somewhat brownish in the costal cell, the
radial cell more purplish. The extent of the ferruginous and ivory-
white markings varies, not two of the five females which I have seen
being alike in this respect.

Length (h.+th.+t. 14+2): 14:5 to 16 mm.

Male.—Clypeus much longer than wide; the anterior, free portion
distinctly longer than the basal, interocular part; the apical margin
about one-half the total width of the clypeus, broadly and arcuately
emarginate, with sharp edges. Posterior ocelli about twice as far
apart as from the inner orbits. LHyes a little less than twice as far
apart on the vertex as at the clypeus. Mandibles of more usual
shape; the lamellar teeth along the inner margin much narrower than
in the female; the conspicuous row of setae and preapical brush
absent. Antennae moderately and quite gently swollen toward
apical half; segments—7 and 8 slightly longer than wide, 9 and 10
nearly square, 11 and 12 longer than wide; last, hook-like segment
hunchbacked, shaped like a duck’s head in profile: the basal half
much swollen, the apical part very abruptly narrowed to a blunt
point, which fits in a shallow pit at the under side and about the
middle of the tenth segment. Last abdominal sternite uniformly
convex, smooth, impunctate. Clypeus either ferruginous and black
as in female, or more or less broadly margined with ivory-white ;
the inner orbits narrowly ivory-white from the clypeus to the bottom
of the ocular sinus. In one of the males from Zululand there is a
narrow ivory-white line along the posterior margin of the post-
scutellum. The remainder as in the female.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 12 to 15 mm.

E. phthisicus, originally described from Mosambique, has been but
rarely recorded since. Schouteden (Rev. Zool. Afric., vi, 1919, p. 175)

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 535

reports it from Katanga (between Kayambo and Dikulwe—S. A.
Neave), upon the strength of a specimen named by R. de Buysson.
It is, however, not restricted to Hast Africa. There are at the Carnegie
Museum, Pittsburgh, several females from Cameroon ininds Efulen,
and Lolodorf—H. L. Weber and A. I. Good).

Southern Rhodesia: Bulawayo, 1 9, April 23, 1912 (G. Arnold),
Rhodesia Mus.; Bindura, 1 ¢ (D. Coghill), S.A. Mus.; Salisbury,
1 g, April 1900 (G. K. Marshall).

Portuguese East Africa: Lourenco Marques, several 9 and 3
(H. Junod).

Natal: Stella Bush, 1 9, January 1915 (Marley) ; Mfongosi, 2 3,
May 1916 (W. E. Jones), S.A. Mus.

Dr. H. Brauns has communicated a male, said to have been com-
pared with Gerstaecker’s type by Dr. A. v. Schulthess.

Eumenes caffer (Linnaeus).
(Text-figure 10.)

Vespa caffra, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., 12th ed., 1, 2, 1767, p. 951 (no sex).

Eumenes caffra, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 45 (Q).
J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 275
(in part ; not pp. 69 and 72).

Sphex cruciata, Christ, Naturgesch. d. Insecten, 1791, p. 317, pl.
ORK, dO 2

Vespa cratrata, Lichtenstein, Catalogus Mus. Zool. Hamburgi, 1796,
ii, Insecta, p. 202.

Sphex crucigera, Weber, Observ. Entomol., 1801, p. 101.

In my Revision of the Vespidae of the Belgian Congo, I had reached
the conclusion that H. caffer (Linnaeus) was not morphologically
distinct from F#. campanifornis (Fabricius), and I regarded E. formosa,
H. de Saussure, as identical with L. caffer. Unfortunately I was un-
able at the time to examine South African specimens of caffer. I have
since found that the true H. caffer of the Cape differs in a number of
important particulars from the several colour phases of E. campani-
formis. The description and drawings which I gave in 1918 of the
morphology of #. caffer do not apply to that species, but to LH. campani-
forms (Fabricius). Itis therefore necessary to point out the structural
peculiarities of EL. caffer.

Female.—Head seen in front but little broader than high. Clypeus
about as long as wide, elongate hexagonal; its apical, free portion
slightly shorter than the basal, interocular part; its apical margin

536 Annals of the South African Museum.

straight, with bluntly rounded edges. Ocelli in a flattened triangle,
the posterior ocelli a little farther apart than from the inner orbits,
about as far from the hind margin of the vertex as from the eyes.
Antennae moderately swollen ; segments—7 and 8 nearly square, 9 to
11 wider than long, 12 about as long as wide at base. Thorax elongate
oval, about one-third longer than high, somewhat longer than in
E. campaniformis ; the mesonotum conspicuously longer than wide.

Fic. 10.—Humenes caffer (Linnaeus). A, thorax and first tergite of female in
profile; B, first tergite of female from above ; C, penis from above; D, penis
in profile; H, male genitalia in profile, outer view; J’, terminal segments of
male antenna.

First abdominal segment distinctly shorter than the thorax; its
general’ shape as in campaniformis, but of stouter build; in profile
its apical half is relatively more swollen as compared with the base ;
seen from above its apical, widened portion is not quite twice as long
as its greatest width and is parallel-sided, so that the passage to the
basal stalk is much more abrupt than in campaniformis. The broad-
ened part of the first tergite bears a few scattered, but distinct
punctures ; whereas in campaniformis it is almost impunctate, with —
very few, quite minute punctures. Second sternite normally convex.
The hind tarsi are about as long as the hind femur and trochanter,
but much longer than the tibia. The few differences from H. campani-

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 537

formis are slight and of degree only, and, were it not for the striking
characters presented by the male antennae and genitalia, one would
never feel quite certain of the specific distinction of the two forms.

The maxillary and labial palpi are more slender in HL. caffer than
in EL. campaniformis ; this is especially striking for the three basal
segments of the maxillary palpi, whose third segment is decidedly
longer than the three apical segments together.

Male.—The difference in the shape of the thorax also holds good
in this sex; but it is much less evident in the shape of the first
abdominal segment, which is more slender than in the female. The
antennal hook is slender, gradually tapering from a triangular base
to a long, very sharp, straight apex, reaching to slightly beyond the
middle of the tenth antennal segment; there is, however, no pit or
excavation of that segment to receive it. The antennal hook is in
general outline more like that of EZ. lepeleterw than E. campaniformes,
though somewhat more pointed than in the former. Gribodo (Mem.
“Ac. Sci. Bologna, Sc. Nat., (5), v, 2, 1895, p. 90) has correctly described
it. The male genitalia are strikingly dissimilar from those of HL. cam-
paniformis, E. lepeleteriz, and H. maxillosus, which is the more remark-
able since they are so much alike in the three last-named species. The
whole organ is quite thick and bulky, very wide seen in profile; the
penis is conspicuously narrowed beyond the swollen base into a slender
stalk and widens again into a terminal, long and broad, more or less
saddle-shaped plate, which is deeply emarginate at the apex.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9,19 to20mm.; ¢,13to18mm. The
male is unusually stout in this species.

H. caffer appears to be restricted to South Africa ; with the excep-
tion of Potchefstroom, all the localities from which I have seen it are
south of the Orange and Vaal Rivers. R. du Buysson (Bull. Soc. Ent.
France, 1908, p. 134; in A. Chevalier, L’ Afrique Centrale Frangaise,
1908, p. 707; and Act. Sot. Linn. Bordeaux, Ixiv, 1910, p. 228) has
recorded it from the Atlantic coast of the Sahara as well as from the
central Sahara (Oued Tidek; valley of Taghazi, north of the Air) ;
but I have little doubt that the specimens in question were mis-
identified. Most probably they belonged to some colour phase of
EL. arbustorum (Panzer).

I have seen specimens from the following localities :—

. Transvaal: Potchefstroom, 1 9 (T. Ayres); S.A. Mus.

Orange Free State: Smithfield, 1 9 and 1 g§ (Kannemeyer),
S.A. Mus.

Cape Province: East London, 1 2 (J. Wood); O’okiep, 1 8,

538 Annals of the South African Museum.

September 1890 (P.M.L.); Henkries, Bushmanland, 1 3, October
1911 (Lightfoot) ; Jackals Water, Bushmanland, | 3g, October 1911
(Lightfoot)—all in 8.A. Mus.; Ceres and Witzenburg Valley, 3500
feet, Ceres district (R. E. Turner), Brit. Mus. ; Willowmore, 1 9 and
1 3 (H. Brauns). )

In coloration E. caffer appears to vary but little. It is black with
the following bright yellow markings: clypeus (in both sexes); the
centre of the face between the antennae; the inner orbits from the
clypeus to half-way in the sinus of the eyes; basal half of mandibles,
gradually fading into the ferruginous apex; under side of scape ;
a narrow line along the outer orbits in the upper part of the temples ;
pronotum; upper plate of mesopleura, continuous with a large,
triangular spot on the lower plate; a very wide band across the
scutellum ; postscutellum except anteriorly ; propodeum except for
a broad, median stripe; posterior half of tegulae; four spots on the
swollen portion of the first tergite, two above the spiracular pro-
tuberances and two before the apex extending laterally to the edges,
but not connected medially ; the remainder of the abdomen, except
for an elongate, median, black spot on the basal half of the second
sternite (drawn out into a point posteriorly) and a black cross over
the second tergite, the cross gradually narrowing and fading away
on the succeeding tergites; an elongate spot on middle coxae; the
under side of fore and middle femora ; the upper side of all tibiae and
of fore and middle basitarsi. The apex of mandibles, the basal half
of the flagellum and a line on the under side of its apical half, the under
side of the broader, apical half of the first segment, the sides of second
tergite and sternite near the base, and the legs wherever not yellow,
are ferruginous red. The wings are subhyaline, with a yellow, amber-
coloured tinge and a slight, purplish black spot in the radial cell. The
two sexes are coloured almost exactly alike.

It is possible that there exists in the coastal region of the Cape
Province a colour phase of H. caffer similar to E. campaniformis var.
pulcherromus. See the discussion of that form, p. 551.

Eumenes campaniformis (Fabricius).
(Text-figure 11.)

The structural characters of this species have been described and
illustrated in my Revision of the Vespidae of the Belgian Congo
(1918), under the heading LE. caffer (p. 69, figs. 50-55). It was believed
at the time that caffer and campaniformis were but two colour phases

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 539

of the same species. They are, however, morphologically quite
distinct, as I have shown above.

As E. campamformis assumes several colour phases, some of which
are deceivingly similar to forms of other species, its chief characters
may be pointed out. In the female the head as seen in front is nearly
one-fifth broader than high ; the eyes are but little farther apart on
the vertex than at the clypeus; the posterior ocelli are much less
than twice as far apart as from the inner orbits; the sides of the
propodeum are completely rounded off between the dorsal and the
ventral areas; the first abdominal segment is intermediate in shape
between that of H. maxilosus and LE. lepeleterw ; 1t approaches that
of the former, though it is more slender, being about as long as the
thorax ; seen from above it is distinctly divided into a basal, stalk-
like half and an apical, broader portion, both with subparallel sides
and the passage between the two rather abrupt; the apex does not
widen out as in F£. maxillosus, and is about one-fourth of the total
length of the segment ; second sternite normally convex in the centre.
The hind tarsi are about as long as the hind femur and trochanter.
In the male the first segment is somewhat more slender; the hook-
like segment of the antennae approaches that of #. mazillosus, being
in profile slightly thickened beyond the apex; but seen from above
it is not widened in its apical half; it is rather abruptly and sharply
pointed at the apex, which rests in a small excavation on the under
side, near the extremity of the tenth antennal segment; the eyes are
distinctly nearer at the clypeus than on the vertex, and the posterior
ocelli are about twice as far apart as from the inner orbits. An
examination of much additional material has convinced me that the
difference in the female antennae, which I had formerly relied upon,
is imaginary. Neither is there any reliable difference in the develop-
ment of the groove-like depression of the last abdominal sternite in
the male.

EH. campaniformis and its several colour phases have a wide range
over the Ethiopian, Oriental, Malayan, and Papuan regions, as far
as Mesopotamia, southern China, Formosa, New Guinea, the Solomon
Islands, and Queensland. In Africa it is known with certainty from
Lower Egypt and the Senegal River to Angola in the west, and to the
Orange Free State and Natal in the east. It is seemingly absent
from the Cape Province, where it appears to be replaced by L. caffer,
although the ranges of the two species overlap in the Orange Free
State and southern Transvaal (see the map in my paper of 1918,
p- 71, which should, however, be amended to cover the whole of

540 Annals of the South African Museum.

Egypt, Mesopotamia, and southern Persia, and to exclude south-
western Africa and the Cape Province). It is not known from the
Malagasy region.

If we regard campaniformis and esurivens as mere colour phases of
one morphological type, the specific name should be campaniformas,
which is much older than esuriens.

My former treatment of the colour phases of £. campaniformis (1918)
was wholly inadequate, owing to the restricted material of which I
disposed and to my erroneous interpretation of H. caffer (Linnaeus).
The morphological species campaniformis evidently presents many

Cc D

Fig. 11.—Humenes campaniformis (Fabricius). A, first tergite of female from
above; B, first tergite of male from above; C, penis from above; D, terminal
segments of male antenna.

colour phases, the study of which is fully as interesting as those of
E. mazxillosus. Since several of them occur in South Africa, I have
thought it appropriate to present a revision of all the variations.
As indicated below, there are probably a number of additional colour
phases worthy of recognition, but as I have generally not seen them,
they are left nameless for the present. There is always a possibility
that the types might prove to be morphologically distinct from
E. campaniformis. Moreover, the distribution of the several colour
phases of #. campaniformis can hardly be worked out at present :
they have been too frequently confused with one another and with
similar colour variations of allied species (especially H. lepeleterd).

Key to Colour Phases of K. campaniformis.

1. Mostly black, with a few dark ferruginous markings on head, thorax, legs, and
first two abdominal segments. Clypeus and spots on head yellow; rarely
the pronotum somewhat yellowish along anterior margin.

var. pseudodyscherus, J. Bequaert

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 54]

More extensively ferruginous or ferruginous and yellow; at least the posterior

abdominal segments marked with yellow or orange . ‘ a ear

2. Thorax extensively ferruginous, but with no or very little yellow. First

abdominal tergite extensively and second at base ferruginous. The posterior

abdominal tergites margined with orange (usually also the extreme apical

corners of second tergite) : var. rendalli, Bingham

Thorax and abdomen abundantly membedl with yellow . k : Ae

3. Abdomen almost entirely yellow; first segment extensively ferruginous, with

a black, preapical spot separating two yellow, elongate markings; the

second tergite with a narrow, spear-shaped black mark, extending from the

base to beyond the middle i : . var. rhodesiensis, J. Bequaert

Second tergite of the abdomen with a black cross, ora black transverse band. 4

4, Apex of second tergite with a broad, continuous, yellow band, which is at

most faintly notched in the middle . ; yo

Apical yellow band of second tergite broadly intranet Oy Blacks medially. 7

5. Thorax mostly yellow and ferruginous, the mesonotum often with black spots ;

base of second tergite ferruginous, separated by a narrow, black fascia from

the wide, yellow, apical third . : . var. esuriens (Fabricius)

Thorax mostly black and yellow, the mies euotoe either entirely black or with

a small russet spot; the transverse, black fascia of second tergite broad. 6

. Basal third of second tergite ferruginous, with or without small, yellow spots.

Scutellum and propodeum often more or less ferruginous.

var. gracilis, H. de Saussure

Basal third of second tergite mostly yellow, but divided by a longitudinal,
median, black line or band. Thorax with little or no ferruginous.

typical campaniformis (Fabricius)

7. Second tergite with extensive yellow spots at the base, the black forming a

distinct cross over the abdomen ; . var. formosus, H. de Saussure

Second tergite more or less ferruginous at base, the black more extensive and

(or)

not forming a cross over the abdomen.
var. marshalli, J. Bequaert (?=pulcherrimus, A. v. Schulthess)

Humenes campaniformes, typical colour phase.

Vespa campaniformis, Fabricius, Syst. Entom., 1775, p. 371 (no sex).

Lumenes campaniformis, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852,
p. 95 (9).

HKumenes esurvens var. campaniformis, R. du Buysson, Abh. Sencken-
berg. Naturt Ges., xxxiv, 2, 1911, p. 230.

Eumenes tricolor, P. Cameron, Nova Guinea, v, Zool., 1, 1906, p. 64
(2) (not of F. Smith, 1860). See Meade Waldo, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., (8), xiv, 1914, p. 404.

The name campaniformis was originally proposed by Fabricius for
a wasp of Australia, described as follows: “ Black, variegated with
yellow ; petiole of the abdomen ferruginous, black at apex and with
two yellow spots. A little smaller than the preceding species [i.e.

542 Annals of the South African Museum.

E. arcuata]. Antennae ferruginous, brownish at apex. Head black,
the front and the orbits of eyes yellow. Tongue ferruginous. Thorax
black ; the anterior lobe, a large spot below the wings, and a small
dot before the wings, yellow. Scutellum yellow, with a black band.
Thorax below the scutellum yellow, with a black median groove.
Petiole of abdomen elongate, curved, ferruginous, black at apex, on
either side with a yellow dot. Second segment the largest, with two
basal spots and the margin yellow. Remaining segments with yellow
margin. Legs yellow.” The type is in the Banks Collection, at the
British Museum.

Typical campaniformis ditters but little from the var. esuriens.
The most important point is that the ferruginous base of the second
tergite is extensively or completely replaced by yellow; generally,
too, the transverse black band of the second tergite is broader and
connected on the middle line with the base of the tergite (so as to
form a black inverted T); while the yellow apical band of the first
tergite is interrupted in the middle, the ferruginous colour is much
reduced on the thorax, being replaced either by black or by yellow.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9,15 to17 mm.; g, 14:5 mm.

This colour phase is found in the Malayan and Australian regions.
I have seen it from Java, the Philippine Islands, Queensland, and
Yule Island, near New Guinea.

E. urvillei, de Saussure (Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 59, 23), appears
to have been based upon two distinct colour forms. The male of
Triton Bay, on the coast of New Guinea, evidently does not differ
from typical L. campaniforms. The female of Banda Island, how-
ever, is said to have the second tergite entirely ferruginous at base,
without yellow spots, but with a broad yellow apical band, interrupted
in the middle; the mesonotum is black and the propodeum spotted
with ferruginous and yellow ; there are some other points, too, which
seem to indicate that this may represent a peculiar colour phase
worthy of recognition. The absence of yellow spots at the base of
the second tergite excludes #. edwardsw, H. de Saussure. I have,
however, as yet seen no specimens agreeing with the description. The
types of H. urviller should be at the Paris Museum.

Eumenes campaniformis var. esurvens (Fabricius).

Vespa esuriens, Fabricius, Mantissa Insect., i, 1787, p. 283 (no sex).

Eumenes esuriens, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 56,
pl. xi, fig. 2 (@g). R. du Buysson, Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf.
Ges., xxxiv, 2, 1911, p. 230 (im part).

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 543

Eumenes caffer var. esuriens, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
obs, WBIGr jo, Alia (rey) (anal jorencu)) (akon 704. 0S)

Vespa pediculata, Olivier, Encycl. Méthod. Hist. Nat., Ins., vi, 1791,
p. 671 (no sex).

Eumenes boscii, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., in, 1856, p. 132
(MS. name, as a synonym of #. esuriens).

This was first described by Fabricius from India, in the following
terms (so far as coloration is concerned) : “ Ferruginous, with yellow
abdomen; the curved petiole and first segment ferruginous, the
former with yellow margin, the latter with black margin. Head
yellow ; the antennae ferruginous with brown apex. Thorax yellow,
the dorsum and hind part ferruginous. Scutellum yellow. Petiole
of the abdomen ferruginous, yellow at the apex and slightly black
before the apex. Second segment ferruginous, with black margin ;
the remainder yellow. Wings darkened. Legs yellow, with ferru-
ginous femora.’ There are some evident errors in this description :
the statement that the second segment has a black margin is un-
doubtedly due to an oversight, as the black band runs over the middle
of the tergite. If one allows for this, de Saussure’s interpretation of
esurtens is quite correct (his figure, however, is misleading and does
not agree with the description in several important particulars), and
I have seen specimens of both sexes, from India (Bombay, Abu, etc.),
which have this coloration. They may be described as follows :—

Mostly yellow and ferruginous-red ; the black being restricted to
a broad band across the vertex (including the ocelli), a narrower band
on the occiput and outer part of the temples, an anterior and two
lateral spots on the mesonotum, propleura, the base of the first seg-
ment, and a black, transverse band before its apex dorsally, a trans-
verse band. about the middle of the second tergite, the base of the
succeeding tergites and apex of the last, and the apical two-thirds
of the middle and hind tarsi; the apical half of the flagellum is brown-
ish on the upper side. The following parts are ferruginous: major
part of antennae (the scape yellow beneath), apex of mandibles,
mesonotum (except for the black spots and hind margin), scutellum,
tegulae, sternum, metapleura, and propodeum (the propodeum dorsally
with a small yellow spot on each side, close behind the wings), first
segment (except for the black base and preapical band and the broad,
yellow apex dorsally), the basal half of the second segment, the legs
(except for the black, apical two-thirds of the middle and hind tarsi,
and much yellow on the tibiae and on the upper side of the anterior
femora). All other parts of the body yellow, and the posterior part

544 Annals of the South African Museum.

of the second tergite is continuously so, without black division or
interruption in the middle. There are no yellow spots on the ferru-
ginous base of the second tergite. The wings are subhyaline, with
amber-yellow tinge and with a darker, somewhat purplish spot in the
radial cell.

The var. esurvens appears to be restricted to India proper, but it
has been so commonly confused with the var. gracilis and typical
campantformis that its distribution cannot be correctly given. I
have never seen it from the African continent. What I had recorded
as esuriens from the Belgian Congo (Stanleyville and Bogoro) (Bull.
Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 73) does not belong to the
typical colour phase, but is described in the sequel as var. marshall.

The specimens described by H. de Saussure (Ht. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852,
pp. 56 and 57) as #. esurvens var. B and var. C, in which the meso-
notum is spotted with yellow or is almost completely yellow, probably
represent a colour phase worthy of a varietal name. As I have seen
no such specimens as yet, I refrain from naming it. The variety C is
stated to have come from Persia ; it is quite possible that all Persian,
and perhaps Mesopotamian, specimens are of that type.

Eumenes campaniformis var. gracilis, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes gracilis, H. de Saussure, Kt. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 57 (29).
Bingham, Fauna of Brit. India, Hym., 1, 1897, p. 343, fig. 97 (93).

EKumenes esuriens var. gracilis, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., ii,
1856, p: 132 (23):

Eumenes caffer var. gracilis, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
O00, EIS), (04 ZS) (Tavorb TOs 1)

This form was originally described from Egypt and the Senegal
(types in the Paris Museum) in the following terms: “ Female.—Very
close to EH. esuriens as well in size as in coloration. Head black ;
hind margin of the eyes, front, sinus of the eyes, and clypeus yellow,
the clypeus a little emarginate. Antennae ferruginous, with a black
spot near the apex. Prothorax yellow, as is also a large spot beneath
the wing, separated from the yellow prothorax by but a narrow, black
line. Mesonotum black, with a small, bifurcate, russet spot anteriorly,
Tegulae and scutellum russet. Postscutellum yellow. Propodeum
yellow, divided by a russet band. Pleura russet and black. Petiole
[=—first abdominal segment] ferruginous, with black base, ending in
two yellow spots which are preceded by a black band. Second
abdominal segment ferruginous at base, ornamented with a black

The Genus Eumenes, Latrealle, on South Africa. 545

band over the middle, and with two yellow dots on the ferruginous
part, the remainder yellow; the succeeding segments yellow, with
black base; as a rule the yellow only is visible. Anus ferruginous.
Under side of the abdomen russet, the segments margined with yellow,
and a lozenge-shaped black spot, often indistinct, on the second
sternite. Legs ferruginous, the tip of the tibiae yellow, as are also
nearly the whole fore pair of legs. Wings ferruginous along the costa ;
veins ferruginous or brown; a brown spot in the radial cell. Male.—
Clypeus without emargination. The first segment and the apex of
the antennae black on the upper side, except on the two last segments.
Mesothorax entirely black. The yellow margins of the abdominal
segments narrower than in the female, so that the black base is distinct. —
Anus black. Legs spotted with black. The remainder as in the
female.’ The author also notes variations of the female, in which
the yellow spots of the second abdominal segment are absent, the
base of this segment is black, and the stripe which divides the pro-
podeum is also black; mesonotum entirely black; the black band
of the second abdominal segment widened in the middle; the two
yellow spots of the petiole fused into an apical band. There is a
corresponding variety of the male without yellow spots on the second
segment. In addition, de Saussure quotes Savigny, Descript. de
PEgypte, Atlas, Zool., Ins. Hym., 1812, pl. vii, fig. 6 (93), as repre-
senting gracilis.

I have quoted this description at length because it clearly shows
that the name gracilis should be used for a colour phase which merely
differs, as de Saussure states, from the var. esurzvens “in the meso-
notum being entirely black or with but a small russet spot, in the
black bands of the abdomen being broader and darker, and in the
black spot of the antennae.” There may or may not be two small
yellow spots on the ferruginous base of the second tergite. R. du
Buysson (Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges., xxxiv, 2, 1911, p. 230)
seems to imply that the var. gracilis is strictly African (Egypt, Senegal,
Congo, Sudan, etc.), whereas it really is the more common form in
southern Asia. I have seen specimens which agree well with de
Saussure’s account, from Lower Siam (United States National
Museum), Mombasa, Kenya Colony (G. M. Allen and G. Brooks—
Mus. Comp. Zool., Cambridge), Fayum, Egypt, and Formosa. It is
at present impossible to accurately define the area over which gracilis
is found on the African continent. I have not seen it from the Belgian
Congo ; all the specimens I had referred to gracilis in Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 72, belong to the var. rendalli, Bingham.

VOL. XXIII, PART 3. 36

546 Annals of the South African Museum.

Eumenes elegans, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 58 (9),
pl. xi, figs. 3 and 3a, was described from Dyjidda, Arabia, and the
Kast Indies (in the Paris Museum) as follows: “ Yellow with the
vertex, mesothorax, and a band on the second segment of the abdomen,
black. Wings brown. Female: length, 20 mm.; spread of wings,
38mm. Head broad, ferruginous, darkened on the upper side toward
apex ; under side of the head, and even the sinus of eyes, very villose.
Thorax villose, ferruginous; mesothorax [=—mesonotum] black.
Petiole [=first abdominal segment] ferruginous, black at base, its hind
angles yellow. Abdomen ferruginous; the second segment margined
with yellow and with a broad black band gradually passing into the
ferruginous; under side of the segments darkened. Legs ferruginous.
Wings hyaline, ferruginous at the base, brown with violet reflections
in their external two-thirds. This pretty species much resembles
H. esuriens and allied species, but is easily distinguished by the
strongly smoky wings, which are somewhat violaceous.” £. elegans
has never been properly recognised. If it is indeed structurally like
E. campaniformis, it should represent a quite peculiar colour phase
of that species. It is, however, possibly a variety of HE. lepeleteric.

EHumenes campaniformis var. formosus, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes formosa, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 55
(no sex).

Eumenes lepeleteria var. formosa, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 111,
18565 py 13

Eumenes caffer, typical form, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 72 (2g) (not of Linnaeus).

This was quite briefly defined by H. de Saussure as follows: “ Black,
ornamented with yellow. Abdomen bearing a black cross. Size of
E. campaniformis, and quite closely allied to that species, from which
it differs in the following characters: Antennae brown. Tegulae
ferruginous, with a yellow spot. Petiole [=first abdominal segment]
swollen from the middle on, thence uniformly wide in its entire posterior
part, ferruginous, with two yellow spots at the apex, between which
one sees a black spot shaped like a rounded lozenge, and with two
yellow dots in its middle. Abdomen perfectly oval, yellow with a
black cross. Legs ferruginous; tibiae yellow. Pleura yellow, with
an oblique, black band. The remainder as in campaniformis.” The
type came from the Congo, and is at the British Musuem.

It is the most common colour phase of EF. campaniformis in the

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 547

southern half of the African continent, and as such deserves a more
complete description.

Black, abundantly marked with bright yellow as follows: clypeus
entirely (in both sexes), a tinge on the inner half of mandibles, lower
half of face (including most of the sinus of the eyes), broad outer
orbits, pronotum, scutellum and postscutellum (except along the
anterior and posterior margins), major part of propodeum (divided
by a narrow, median, black stripe), mesopleura, a spot on the tegulae
posteriorly, two spots (widely separated) before the apex of the first
abdominal tergite, the second tergite except for a wide, black cross,
the posterior half of the second sternite, most of the remaining seg-
ments of the abdomen (the yellow more or less distinctly interrupted
on the tergites by the continuation of the black cross of the second
tergite), the under side of the fore femora and the under side of all
the tibiae. The following parts are ferruginous-red: most of the
mandibles; the antennae (brownish in the apical half on the upper
side); part of tegulae; mesosternum; first abdominal segment
(except for a short, black base and a black, preapical spot between the
yellow spots, either lozenge-shaped or extending laterally into a cross
band); the basal half of the second sternite; the extreme base and
sides of the second tergite ; and the legs (except where yellow). Wings
subhyaline, amber-yellowish in the subcostal and more ferruginous in
the costal cell; a faint, somewhat purplish spot in the radial cell.
Both sexes are practically coloured alike.

Length (h.+th.+t. 14+2): 2, 14 to 18-5 mm.; 3, 13 to 16-5 mm.

The similarity in coloration of LE. campaniformis var. formosus and
the typical colour phase of HL. lepeleteria is most deceiving, and since
both often occur in the same district, they are generally confused in
collections. Probably most of the South African records of E£.
lepeleterw published in the literature were based upon specimens of
jformosus. In the male, the distinction is relatively easy owing to the
different shape of the antennal hook. In the females, however, one
must rely upon the shape of the first abdominal segment as seen from
above.

Southern Rhodesia: Sebakwe, 1 9, November 1910 (D. Dods), and
Bindura, 1 g (D. Coghill), 8.A. Mus.; Matoppos, 1 9, May 26, 1912
(G. Arnold), Rhodesia Mus.; Lomagundi, 1 @ (C. W. Howard),
U.S. Nat. Mus.

Orange Free State: Vredefort, 1 9, S.A. Mus.

Natal: Mfongosi, several 2 and g, March 1914, and March and

April 1916 (W. H. Jones), S.A. Mus.

548 Annals of the South African Museum.

The var. formosus is common on the Lower Congo, but I have not
yet seen it from Katanga.

Afemale from Abyssinia (Magretti Coll.), at the UnitedStates National
Museum, differs from the above description of formosus in having a
comma-shaped yellow mark on each side of the anterior half of the
mesonotum, the two marks being separated by a ferruginous spot.
Perhaps it represents a peculiar colour phase of north-eastern Africa.

Eumenes campamforms var. rhodesiensis, new variety.

Female.—An extreme xanthic colour phase of E. campaniformis.
Head, thorax, legs, and wings are coloured as in the var. formosus,
de Saussure ; but there is a narrow, yellow line on each side of the
mesonotum, along the margin, just before the tegulae. The abdomen
is almost completely bright yellow: the first segment is black at the
extreme base, somewhat more extensively on the sternite, and the
tergite has a black, elongate spot over the middle of the apical, dilated
portion ; the remainder of the first segment is ferruginous-red except
for a long, yellow spot on each side of the black mark in the apical,
dilated portion; these yellow spots are much widened laterally in
their posterior half. The second tergite is yellow, with a median,
longitudinal, more or less spear-shaped, black mark, forming in the
basal third a stripe which is angularly dilated in the middle and tapers
out in a long point posteriorly.

Length (h.4+ th.t. 1+2): 16 mm.

Southern Rhodesia : Que Que (Bultitude), 1 9 (holotype), S.A. Mus.

Eumenes campaniformes var. marshallt, new variety.

Eumenes caffer var. esurzens, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xxxix, 1918, p. 73 (2g) (not of Fabricius).

This colour phase has been fully described in the paper quoted. It
differs mainly from the var. formosus in lacking the large, triangular,
yellow spots at the base of the second tergite, so that the abdomen
is not yellow with a black cross; the second tergite is more or less
extensively ferruginous over the basal third. Frequently too the
yellow markings are somewhat reduced on thorax or abdomen, but
they are always much more abundant than in the var. rendalli, as
there is a yellow, broadly interrupted band at the apex of the second
and succeeding tergites.

Length (h.+-th.+t. 142): 2, 16 mm.; g, 14 mm.

The Genus Humenes, Latrealle, in South Africa. 549

Belgian Congo: Stanleyville, 19 (paratype), April 1915 (J. Bequaert);
Coquilhatville, 1 3 (paratype), June 24, 1924 (Maurice Bequaert) ;
Bogoro, 1 ¢ (paratype), July 10, 1914 (J. Bequaert).

Southern Rhodesia: Lomagundi, 1 3 (paratype), November 1909
(C. W. Howard), U.S. Nat. Mus.; Salisbury, 1 2 (holotype) and 1 4,
April 1900 (allotype) (G. A. K. Marshall) ; in coll. Brauns, Salisbury,
1 9 (paratype), May 1914 (D. Dodds), S.A. Mus.

I have received a pair from Dr. Brauns marked as types of “ £.
lepeleteri, var. marshallc, A. v. Schulthess,’ but, so far as I can dis-
cover, this name has not been published. The shape of the first
abdominal segment, as well as of the male antennal hook, leave no
doubt to my mind that these specimens should be regarded as a
variety of L. campamformis and not of EL. lepeleteria.

I suspect that the specimens from Katanga (between Mufungwa and
Kayumbe; between Shawa and Kundiganga ; and Kabinda), recorded
under the name #. mazillosus var. pulcherrumus by Schouteden (Rev.
Zool. Afric., vi, 1919, p. 174), are #. campaniformis var. marshalls.

The var. marshalls is quite similar in livery to the wasp described
by A. v. Schulthess under the name Humenes mazillosus var. pulcher-
ramus. Since, however, I am as yet undecided as to the exact status
of pulcherrumus, the use of that name for the Central African form
here called marshalls might be the source of much confusion.

Eumenes campaniformis (?) var. pulcherromus, A. v. Schulthess.

Eumenes maxillosus var. pulcherrumus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas
Entomol., xxv, 1910, p. 17 (9). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 59 and 281.

Humenes jansen, P. Cameron, Ann. Transvaal Mus., u, 3, 1910,
p. 1st). |

This form was originally described upon eight females from “ East
Africa from the equator to Natal.” In the material before me there
are three specimens which were identified as “ H. maxillosus pulcher-
rumus”’ by Dr. A. v. Schulthess and bear a “type” label. Of these,
one female of Algoa Bay (H. Brauns) and one female of Roode Poort,
neat Johannesburg (G. Kobrow), are in Dr. H. Brauns’ collection ;
while one male of Estcourt, Natal (HK. Haviland), was received from
the South African Museum. Obviously, however, these three speci-
mens were not before the author when he drew up his description,
and are therefore not true types. According to the labels they were
identified in 1911. Moreover, A. v. Schulthess states in the original

550 Annals of the South African Museum.

account that the male was unknown (and I am not aware that it was
ever described in print); neither does he include the Transvaal and
Cape Province in the distribution. J must emphasise this, because an
examination of the real types, used for the original description, might
well lead to different conclusions.

The problem is further complicated through the fact that these
three specimens, although practically coloured alike, appear to belong
to two species upon morphological grounds.

The male of Estcourt and the female of Roode Poort are structurally
like £. campaniformis, and I have little doubt that they belong to that
species. They have the same shape of the first abdominal segment,
head, thorax, and hind tarsi in the female. Whereas the antennal
hook and genitalia of the male are those of #. campaniformis, and not
of £. macullosus.

The coloration of these two specimens 1s as follows :—

Female.—Black, extensively marked with ferruginous and bright
yellow. Mandibles (except the black tip), basal half and under side
of antennae, tegulae, first abdominal segment (except for the black
base, continuing as a median stripe ventrally, and a black, mushroom-
shaped spot at apex of tergite), basal third of second tergite (except
for the black neck), the sides of second sternite quite broadly (the
black forming a large T), the tip of abdomen diffusely, and most of the
legs, bright ferruginous-red. The following parts are yellow: clypeus
(except for narrow, black margins along inner orbits) ; the lower half
of the front (except for black spots above the base of antennae) ; outer
orbits narrowly above; anterior half of pronotum; a large spot in
upper part of mesopleura extending below the suture between the
two plates; a broad, transverse band on scutellum; posterior half
of postscutellum ; a large, elongate spot on each side of propodeum ;
a preapical spot on each side of first tergite; broad apical bands on
tergites 2, 3, and 4, very widely interrupted in the middle; indefinite
spots on fifth tergite ; an apical band on second sternite; and outer
side of all tibiae and of fore femora. Wings subhyaline, with amber-
yellow tinge, especially in anterior half; the radial cell somewhat
cloudy and purplish.

Length (h.+th.+t. 142): 17-5 mm.

Male.—Almost exactly like the female; the yellow markings some-
what more pronounced behind the fourth abdominal segment.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 17 mm. ;

I have seen three other females from Natal(Hstcourt and Clairmont),
which agree in every structural detail with the specimen from Roode

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 551

Poort and are coloured exactly like it. I have no doubt that all
these five specimens represent a colour phase of LE. campaniformis,
which differs only from the var. marshalli in the yellow markings being
more extensive on the abdomen. If, as I surmise, A. v. Schulthess’
original types of Hast Africa belonged to the same colour phase of
E. campanifornus as here described, it is quite probable that marshallr
will be regarded as a synonym of pulcherrumus.

I should have felt no hesitation in doing so, were it not for the
female from Algoa Bay. That specimen, although coloured nearly
exactly like the one from Roode Poort described above, has a quite
different aspect. The head is about as high as broad; the posterior
ocelli are nearly as far from the inner orbits as from each other; the
thorax is rather short and broad; the first tergite, though in outline
like that of £. campaniformis, is relatively broader behind ; the second
sternite is normally convex ; the hind tarsi are but little longer than
the hind femur and trochanter; the sides of the propodeum are
completely rounded off. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 20mm. I feel
reasonably certain that this specimen is not a colour phase of £.
macxilosus. Quite possibly it is a mere robust variation of EL. cam-
paniformis. On the other hand, it reminds one a great deal of L. caffer,
and it is, of course, not impossible that HL. caffer presents a colour phase
of the pulcherrimus pattern. The discovery of the corresponding male
alone can solve the problem. I may also call attention to the fact
that no colour phase of genuine EL. campaniformis has as yet been
recorded from the Cape Province.

In the South African Museum there is a female, unfortunately with-
out locality, which I regard as belonging to the same form as the
female from Algoa Bay here discussed.

Humenes campaniformis var. rendalli, Bingham.

Eumenes rendallr, C. T. Bingham, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), x, 1902,
p. 220 (2; notthe 3). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
sorordbs, WMI. 19a ews

Eumenes caffer var. gracilis, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xxxix, 1918, p. 72 (9g). Not of de Saussure.

An examination of the types of #. rendalli, at the British Museum,
shows that the female represents a peculiar colour phase of HL. campan-
formis ; while the male has all the structural characters (shape of first
segment and especially of antennal hook) of #. lepeleterw and the
coloration of the var. conconnus, H. de Saussure, of that species. The

552 Annals of the South African Museum.

name rendalli is herewith restricted to the colour phase of campani-
formis represented by the female type.

The following description is based upon the female type: Head and
thorax, including propodeum, extensively ferruginous; the vertex
and hind part of the temples, the apical half of the flagellum above,
small spots on pronotum, mesonotum, the sutures of the thorax, and
a median band on the propodeum, black. Legs rufous-red. First
abdominal segment ferruginous, except for a short, black base and
a broad, irregular, black band in the widened part, before the apex ;
second tergite black, with ferruginous basal third and indefinite
ferruginous spots on the sides near the apical margin ; the succeeding
tergites black, with dirty yellow or orange apical margins; the
abdominal sternites are almost entirely ferruginous. Wings sub-
hyaline with amber-yellow tinge; the radial cell with a brown,
purplish spot covering the apical two-thirds. The face (including
clypeus) and outer orbits were evidently yellow in life, but they have
turned orange. Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 17 mm.

A male from Mlanje, Nyasaland, at the British Museum, agrees in
coloration with the type, and, since it possesses the characteristic
antennal hook of £. campaniformis, I regard it as the true male of the
var. rendallo.

I refer to the var. rendallc specimens from the following localities :—

Belgian Congo: Boma, June 15, 1915, 1 9 and 1 g (J. Bequaert) ;
Zambi, 1 3, June 22, 1915 (J. Bequaert).

Southern Rhodesia: Sebakwe, 1 9, November 1901 (D. Dods),
S.A. Mus.

Nyasaland: Fort Johnston, several 2 (including the holotype)
(P. Rendall) ; Chitala Stream, 10 miles west of Domira Bay, several 9,
October 22-28, 1910 (S. A. Neave) ; Mlanje, 1 g (allotype) (S. A. Neave)
—all at the Brit. Mus.

A male from Walikale, Belgian Congo, agrees on the whole with
rendall, but has the pronotum quite broadly bright yellow. It may
be regarded as a transition to the var. marshallo, from which it differs,
however, in having no other yellow markings on the thorax and in the
absence of yellow at the apex of the second tergite.

Lumenes campaniformis var. pseudodyscherus, new variety.
Eumenes caffer var. dyscherus, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 74 (g). Not Humenes dyschera, Ti yde
Saussure, 1852.
Eumenes dyschera was described by H. de Saussure (Et. Fam. Vesp.,

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 553

i, 1852, p. 50) as of tropical Africa. In 1918, I believed to have
recognised it in a melanistic form of £. campaniformis, of the Congo
forest. An examination of de Saussure’s type, at the British Museum,
has, however, shown that the true EL. dyscherus is South American
and not African. Ina recent note (Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc., xx, 1925)
I regard H. chalicodomae, H. de Saussure, HL. centralis, P. Cameron,
and H. magnus, Bréthes, as synonyms of #. dyscherus.

The melanistic Congo colour phase of HE. campaniformis I have
named var. pseudodyscherus. It is mostly black. Mandibles, under
side of antennae, tegulae, propodeum, sometimes also pronotum and
mesopleura, first abdominal segment, sometimes base of second, and
legs are more or less spotted with ferruginous. Clypeus entirely (in
both sexes), a spot between the antennae, inner orbits below the sinus
of eyes, a narrow line along outer orbits, and spots on the outer side
of the tibiae, yellow. In the female, the anterior margin of the
pronotum is also yellowish. The wings are asin typical campaniforms,
subhyaline with amber-yellow tinge and a brown, purplish spot in the
radial cell.

enavia(ne ba. 6 2) 2, 16 mms 3g, lo mm

Belgian Congo: Stanleyville, 1 ¢ (holotype), April 1915 (J. Be-
quaert) ; Walikale, | 9 (allotype) (J. Bequaert).

Eumenes dyschera, G. K. Marshall, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1902,
pp. 525, 570, and 572, pl. xxi, figs. 16 (6) and 17 (Q), and pl. xxu,
fig. 14 (g), of Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia, is neither EH. campani-
formis var. pseudodyscherus (which has clear, slightly yellowish wings)
nor H. dyschera, H. de Saussure, but H. lepeletera var. hottentottus,
H. de Saussure.

Eumenes lepeleterii, H. de Saussure.
(Text-figure 12.)

The morphological characters of this species have been described
and illustrated in Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 74,
figs. 57-62. In the female, the head as seen in front is distinctly
broader than high; the sides of the propodeum are completely
rounded off between the dorsal and the ventral area; the first abdom-
inal segment is slender, as long as or slightly longer than the thorax ;
seen from above it very gradually widens from base to apex, and is
about four times as long as its greatest width; second sternite not
or scarcely depressed in the centre ; hind tarsi about as long as hind
femur and trochanter. In the male, the first segment of the abdomen

554 Annals of the South African Museum.

is, as a rule, more slender than in the female; the terminal hook of
the antennae is quite long and slender, very gradually tapering from
the base to the sharp, recurved apex, which rests in a pit on the
under side and at about the middle of the tenth antennal segment.
E. lepeleterw is distributed over most of the Ethiopian and Malagasy
regions, a large part of Arabia, Syria, and Egypt. It has also been
reported from Cyprus. In South Africa it appears to extend much
beyond the limits which I had traced on the map in 1918. It is

A B
Cc

Fic. 12.—Humenes lepeleteriit, H. de Saussure. A, first tergite of female from
above; B, first tergite of male from above ; C, penis from above; D, terminal
segments of male antenna.

there generally represented by the colour phases concinnus, de Saussure,
and hottentottus, de Saussure.

Since I have not yet been able to study all the described colour
variations, I am unable to improve much upon my former treatment.
E. alluaudi, J. Pérez, is a distinct species, allied not to &. lepeleteri,
but to E. mawillosus.

Key to Colour Phases of H. lepeleterii.

1. Thorax and abdomen black or black and ferruginous-red, almost without

yellow or ivory-white markings : : . ee
Abdomen or thorax, or both, extensively thaecel ain déitw or ivory-white.
Wings subhyaline, more or less tinged with amber-yellow . é 4

2. Wings much infuscated, with purplish reflections. Body almost wholly plac
slightly ferruginous on parts of head, thorax, legs, and first segment of
abdomen. Head with a few yellowish spots.

var. hottentottus, H. de Saussure
Wings subhyaline, slightly tinged with amber-yellow . ; os
3. Body almost wholly black, slightly ferruginous on parts of head, ihe legs,

The Genus Eumenes, Latreaille, in South Africa. 555

and first abdominal tergite, and also along the apical margins of the last
tergites. Head and thorax with a few ivory-white spots.
var. guerini, H. de Saussure
Body extensively ferruginous-red, with black markings; as a rule a black
cross over the second abdominal tergite. Ivory-white markings much
reduced, generally restricted to the clypeus and spots on the head.
var. concinnus, H. de Saussure
4, Yellowish markings abundant on head, thorax, and abdomen; the second
and succeeding tergites of the abdomen mostly yellow, with a distinct black
or ferruginous cross, the branches of which run over the second tergite . 5
Yellowish markings much more reduced on abdomen, with a few spots only
on the first or first and second tergites . ‘ ahi6
5. Mostly black and yellow; the ferruginous sclone rach Paice in extent ;
the cross of the abdomen black : 3 : . typical lepeleteria
Black colour almost entirely replaced by ferruginous-red ; the cross of the
abdomen ferruginous ‘ : var. asinus, H. de Saussure
6. Form of Madagascar. Mostly black ith ruious tinges. Postscutellum and
first and second abdominal tergites with a narrow, ivory-white fascia.
var. pensilis, H. de Saussure
Forms of the African continent . : : : : sna a
7. Head and thorax abundantly marked with Se two apical spots on first
tergite and the outer side of the legs yellow; ferruginous colour much
reduced : P ; var. tessmanm, A. v. Schulthess
Black with a few brownish- fed flees on bead, thorax, legs, the under side of
the abdomen, and the last abdominal tergites. Inner orbits, a narrow
fascia on the postscutellum, two spots before the apex of first tergite, and
a narrow apical band on first and second tergites, pale yellow.
var. stuhlmanni, A. v. Schulthess

Humenes lepeleterw, typical colour phase.

Eumenes lepeletern, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 45,
pl. x, fig. 3 (@) (the figure is misleading and does not agree with
the description). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xorg, IMIG, oo. 11 eure! AO (Om),

Eumenes grant, W. F. Kirby, Bull. Liverpool Mus., 111, 1900, p. 18 (9).

Eumenes meruensis, P. Cameron, Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exp.
Kilimandyjaro, ii, 8, 6, 1910, pp. 175 and 176 (9).

The typical colour phase of the species was originally described
from the Senegal. It has been very often recorded in the literature,
but I suspect that in many cases it was confused with HL. campani-
formis var. formosus, H. de Saussure, or LH. melanosoma var. affinis,
A. v. Schulthess, of which it is a perfect mimic. At any rate, it is
rather strange that I have not yet seen a South African specimen
of true lepeleterw. It occurs, however, on the Lower Congo (Boma,
Matadi, and Noki). I have examined, at the United States National

556 Annals of the South African Museum.

Museum, a female from the Jombene Hills, Kenya Colony (Chanler-
Hohnel Expedition), which agrees still better with the original descrip-
tion than the Congo specimens. Schouteden (Rev. Zool. Afric., vi,
1919, p. 174) has listed the typical form from Dungu (north-eastern
Congo) and Bunkeya (Katanga), but I have not seen these specimens.
The distribution cannot be correctly stated at present.

I am using the original spelling of the name, which has also been
variously written lepeletiert or lepelletiers.

Eumenes lepeleteri var. asinus, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes asina, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 59, pl. x1,
fig. 1 (Q) (Senegal).

Eumenes lepeleterm var. asinus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Hntomol.,
xxv, 1910, p. 24. J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xxxix, NOUS, ppe ti and 270i:

I am merely following A. v. Schulthess, who states to have seen
the type (at the Paris Museum), in referring H#. asina as a colour
phase to lepeleterw. 1 have never seen it, and, so far as I know, no
additional specimens have been collected. H. de Saussure’s figure
would rather give one the impression of a form of #. campaniformas,
in the shape of the first abdominal segment.

Eumenes lepeleterta var. pensilis, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes pensilis, H. de Saussure, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat.
Madagascar, xx, pt. 1, Hym., 1890, p. 155, pl. iv, fig. 10, and
Tolls craig wen (Ss),

Eumenes lepeleteria var. pensilis, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv, 1910, p.17 (@3). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
2OOSbS II Oi. 0 Ane) AT.

Known from Madagascar only. It appears to be quite close to the
var. stuhlmanni, and it is not clear how the two might be distinguished.

I have not seen it.

Eumenes lepeleterti var. stuhlmanni, A. v. Schulthess.

Eumenes lepeleteri var. stuhlmanni, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv, 1910, p. 18). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
KEI, WON STO Peni eamlayaies

This was originally described from Tanganyika Territory (German

Kast Africa), without more definite locality, and I have not seen

specimens that agree quite with the description.

The Genus Humenes, Latreille, 1 South Africa. 557

Eumenes lepeleteria var. tessmanm, A. v. Schulthess.

Eumenes lepeleterit var. tessmanni, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv, 1910, p. 18 (9s). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist..,
xxxix, 1918, pp. 77 and 278.

Eumenes cameruna, “‘ F. Kohl,” A. v. Schulthess, Mitt. Zool. Mus.
Berlin, vi, 3, 1913, p. 342 (as a synonym).

Described from Spanish Guinea, Benito. I have seen male and
female from Lolodorf, Cameroon : in these specimens there are orange-
yellow spots in the apical corners of the posterior sternites of the
abdomen, which are not mentioned in the original description. The
var. tessmanni mimics EL. melanosoma var. aethiopicus.

Eumenes lepeleteria var. concunnus, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes concinnus, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 11, 1856, p. 144 (3).

Eumenes lepeleterit var. concinnus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv, 1910, p. 17 (2g). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xxxix, 1918, pp. 77 and 277.

Eumenes sanguinolenta, Gerstaecker, Monatsb. Preuss. Ak. Wiss.
Berlin, 1857, p. 463 (2).

Eumenes spilocera, P. Cameron, Ann. Transvaal Mus., u, 3, 1910,
pp. 159 () and 160.

Since this is a common South African wasp, it may be more fully
described.

Female.—Extensively ferruginous-red ; it might well be described
as a typical lepeleterii in which the yellow has been replaced by
ferruginous. The black markings are as follows: upper half of front ;
vertex ; temples; mesonotum; mesopleura (except for a rufous spot
in the upper half); metapleura; margins of scutellum and post-
scutellum ; a median stripe on the propodeum ; extreme base, under
side, and an elongate, spear-shaped spot on the posterior dorsal half
of the first abdominal segment; an elongate spot on the second
sternite ; a cross over the second tergite, the base of the succeeding
segments, and the under side of the hind femora in part. The yellowish
colour is usually confined to the narrow outer orbits (often orange)
and the lateral ridges which connect scutellum and postscutellum with
the base of the wing. Occasionally the lower inner orbits (from the
clypeus to the bottom of the ocular sinus), the very centre of the
clypeus, spots between the antennae, the extreme apical corners of
the first tergite, and the base of the fore tibiae may be yellowish. The

558 Annals of the South African Museum.

Wings are intensively amber-yellow, darkened and more purplish
toward the tip.

Male.—Agrees quite well with the female. Generally the clypeus
is entirely pale yellow, but I have also seen males in which it is
ferruginous (perhaps discoloured artificially). Often too there is a
short, transverse, pale yellow line in the centre of the pronotum, and
this may be faintly indicated even in certain females.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 9, 16-5 to 19 mm.; 3, 12 to 16-5 mm.

Originally described form Nubia, it occurs throughout Hast and
South Africa. I have also a pair from Fort Crampel, in the Ubangi
Territory of French Equatorial Africa, which are somewhat more exten-
sively black than usual, but still have subhyaline, amber-yellow wings.

Katanga: Lubumbashi, several g and 2, April, May, June, and
December 1920, and January 1921 (Mich. Bequaert). Apparently
a common wasp in that part of the Belgian Congo. Schouteden
(Rev. Zool. Afric., vi, 1919, p. 175) lists it from several additional
localities, but whether the specimen he records from Boma was
correctly named remains to be seen.

Southern Rhodesia : Lonely Mine, 1 9, June 29, 1913, and April 11,
1914 (H. Swale) ; Salisbury, June 1913, 3 g, S.A. Mus.

Transvaal: Kaapmuiden, 2 ¢ and 1 2, October and November
1918 (R. W. H. Tucker), 8.A. Mus.

Natal: Mfongosi, 6 3, March 1917, and April and May 1916
(W. KE. Jones) ; Durban, 19 (W. Haygarth) ; Stella Bush, 1 9 (Marley),
S.A. Mus.

Cape Province: Dunbrody, 1 2? and 1 3 (J. O'Neil); Mossel Bay
12 (Overbeck) ; Hex River, 1 3, 8.A. Mus.; Ceres and Mossel Bay,
several specimens (R. EH. Turner), Brit. Mus.; Willowmore, 1 9,
April 1, 1906 (H. Brauns).

While the female of Kaapmuiden agrees with the var. concinnus in
every respect, the two males of the same locality differ conspicuously
in having fairly large, pale yellow spots near the apex of the first
tergite, and on each side of the apex of the second tergite a transverse,
pale yellow spot. I have seen similar males from the Semliki Valley,
north-eastern Congo, and Lubumbashi, Katanga. At one time I was
inclined to refer them to the var. stuhlmanm. They possibly repre-
sent a distinct colour phase or perhaps are transitional between var.
concinnus and var. stuhlmanni. I do not wish to name them for the
present, since they might be £. lepeleterw var. thoracicus, Schouteden
(Rev. Zool. Afric., vi, 1919, p. 175), mentioned, but not described,
from Katanga (between Kambove and Bunkeya—S. A. Neave).

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, 1n South Africa. 550)

Eumenes lepeleterti var. hottentottus, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes hottentotta, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 63 (9).

Eumenes lepeleteria var. hottentottus, A. v. Schulthess, Deutsche Entom.
Zeitschr., 1914, p. 291 (23). J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
lich xxx ONO. pp. (i. 1O,and 27626):

Eumenes dyscheroides, Gribodo, Mem. Accad. Sc. Bologna, Sc. Nat.,
()i ve 2, 1895; p. 93 (6):

A common form throughout South Africa. It extends, however,
as far as Cameroon (Batanga) and the northern Belgian Congo (Boma,
Lubutu, Coquilhatville, Stanleyville). In coloration it resembles the
typical form of #. mazillosus so exactly that much caution is needed
to separate them. The extent of ferruginous is somewhat variable,
but usually slight, and it is readily distinguished from the var. con-
cinnus by the black, purplish wings.

Katanga: Lubumbashi, 1 g§ and 1 9, July and November 1920 ;
and Panda River, 1 9, October 1920 (Mich. Bequaert).

Portuguese Hast Africa: Lourenco Marques, several 9 and ¢
(H. Junod).

Natal: Mfongosi, | ¢, March 1917 (W. E. Jones), S.A. Mus. ;
Durban, | @.

Cape Province: Dunbrody, 1 3 and 1 9, January 1912 (J. O'Neil) ;
Henkries, Bushmanland, 2 9 and 1 3, October 1911 (Lightfoot) ;
Salem, 1 ¢, S.A. Mus.

Eumenes lepeleterm var. guerim, H. de Saussure.

Humenes guerrm, H. de Saussure, Ht. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 62 (Q).

Eumenes lepeleteri var. guerini, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 77 and 277.

Eumenes sakalava, H. de Saussure, Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges.,
xxvi, 2, 1900, p. 235 (23).

Known from Madagascar only. I have not seen it. It seems to
differ from the var. hottentottus mainly in the more extensive ferruginous
markings and the subhyaline, amber-yellow wings. Itis by no means
clear how it may be differentiated from certain specimens of the var.
COncInNUS.

- Humenes maxillosus (de Geer).

(Text-figure 13.)

This is the largest of the African Humenes, but it varies much in
size. Structurally it is related to both EL. campaniformis and E.

560 Annals of the South African Museum.

lepeletera, of which it often assumes the several colour patterns. In
the female the head as seen in front is scarcely broader than high ;
the eyes are slightly farther apart at the clypeus than on the vertex,
and the posterior ocelli are about twice as far apart as from the inner
orbits; the sides of the propodeum are somewhat angular or even
faintly ridged between the dorsal and the ventral areas, especially in
the lower half; the first abdominal segment is rather stout, distinctly
shorter than the thorax; seen from above it is distinctly divided by
a slight contraction into a basal, stalk-like and a much broader, apical
portion ; the hind portion widens rather conspicuously at the apex,

Us

Fie. 13.—Humenes maxillosus (de Geer). A, first tergite of female from above ;
B, first tergite of male from above; C, male genitalia in profile, outer view ;
D, penis from above; L£, terminal segments of male antenna.

where its width is variable, usually about one-third of the total length
of the segment; the second sternite is more or less depressed in the
centre, often quite deeply so, especially in large specimens ; sometimes,
however, the sternite is just barely flattened, and this is the usual
condition in the var. fenestralis, which is the smallest of all the colour
phases of maxillosus ; the anterior margin of the clypeus is, as a rule,
quite straight or faintly curved, either inwardly or outwardly; hind
tarsi relatively slender, much longer than hind femur and trochanter.
Almost all these characters hold in the male, which, in addition, may
be recognised by the peculiar hook of the antennae: it is very long and

thick, curved and somewhat contracted beyond the base, the terminal
half distinctly swollen in profile and widened seen from above; it
ends in a sharp, strongly bent apex, which reaches the base of the
tenth antennal segment ; it rests there in a broad and deep excavation
at the under side of the segment; the eyes are about equally far

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, 1n South Africa. 561

apart on the vertex as at the clypeus; the posterior ocelli are quite
close to the inner orbits, being more than twice as far apart; the hind
(and also middle) tarsi are still more strikingly slender than in the
female. |

I have endeavoured to discover additional characters in the male

genitalia of L. campamnforms, EH. lepeleteru, and LE. macillosus, but
the differences appear to be so slight that they are of little specific
value. I have figured the penis of all-three species.
- The structural characters of EZ. mazillosus have been illustrated in
Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, p. 57, figs. 39, 40. It
should be noted, however, that the female antenna is there drawn
as 13-segmented, which is an obvious error; it possesses 12 segments
in this, as in all other Eumenes known to me.

The distribution of #. mazillosus is similar to that of E. campani-
formis, though more extensive, since it includes the whole of Africa
(except Morocco, Algeria, and Tunis), Madagascar, Arabia, Syria,
Mesopotamia, Persia, the Oriental region as far as southern China,
the Malay Archipelago, the Papuan region, and the north-eastern
half of Australia.

Over this vast area EH. mazillosus has produced more different colour
phases than any other species of Humenes. Every one of these colour
variations has a much more restricted range than that of the morpho-
logical species as a whole; yet generally two or more of them occur
together in the same region, so that I am unable to regard them as
geographically segregated races. Neither do they, as a rule, exhibit
gradual passage into one another at the limits of their respective.
ranges; such geographical intergradation is, I understand, the
essential criterion of the subspecific concept as used by students of
vertebrates. Nevertheless, as these several colour phases are morpho-
logically identical, 1t would, in my opinion, obscure the whole matter
to regard them individually as species, merely because they do not
fit the current conception of subspecies or races. There can be no
doubt that they are genetically quite closely related. There are many
other interesting problems suggested by the study of variation in this
species. I have briefly discussed them before,* and IJ shall not take
up the matter again for the present.

Since publishing my account of #. mazillosus in 1918, I have
examined much additional material, so that I am able to correct

* See Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 59-65. Also J. Bequaert,
Enkele beschouwingen over kleuren en kleurgroepen by Plooivleugelige Wespen,
Natuurwetensch. Tijdschr. Antwerpen, v, 1923, pp. 16-27 (with corrected maps).

VOly xxii PART, 3.

562 Annals of the South African Museum.

and extend my conclusions in many particulars. The subjoined key
of the colour phases should replace my former attempt in that direction.
The main difference lies in the recognition by name of a number of
additional colour variations. As I have shown in the discussion of
E. campaniformis, the var. pulcherrumus, A. v. Schulthess, does not
belong to H. mazillosus, but (as far as Hast Africa is concerned) to
E. campaniformis. The distribution of the several extra-African
variations may be succinctly indicated. :

1. Var. corcinalis, Fabricius (Humenes circinalis, Fabricius, Syst.
Piezat., 1804, p. 286; Humenes latreiller butonensis, W. A. Schulz,
Berlin Ent. Zeitschr., xlix, (1904) 1905, p. 218, 2). India, Siam,
Indo-China, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and the Molucca Islands.

2. Var. conicus (Fabricius) (Vespa conica, Fabricius, Syst. Entom.,
1775, p. 872). Oriental region, from India to southern China.

3. Var. fulvipennis, F. Smith (Humenes fulvipennis, F. Smith, Cat.
Hym. Brit. Mus., v, 1857, p. 24, 93). Celebes and Philippine Islands.
One finds all intergrades between this and the var. circinalis.

4. Var. latredler, H. de Saussure (Humenes latreile:, H. de Saussure,
Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 51, pl. x, fig. 5, 95 Bumenes latredller
petiolaris, W. A. Schulz, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr., xlix, (1904) 1905,
p. 217, 9). North-eastern Australia to New South Wales, New
- Guinea, and Solomon Islands. I have seen a “ type ”
Schulz, at the British Museum.

5. Var. nigritarsis, G. Meade Waldo (Humenes nigritarsis, G. Meade
Waldo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), v, 1910, p. 43, 3). Region of Port
Darwin, northern Australia. I have examined the type at the British
Museum. It differs mainly from the var. latreadles in the markings
of the thorax being bright yellow and not orange. All the structural
characters of £. maazilosus are present.

6. Var. pyriformis (Fabricius) (Vespa pyriformis, Fabricius, Syst.
Entom., 1775, p. 371; Vespa petiolata, Fabricius, Spec. Insect., i,
1781, p. 467). Oriental region, from India to southern China.
W. A. Schulz, who examined the type of Vespa pyriformis at the
Copenhagen Museum, concluded that it was the same as Vespa
petiolata, Fabricius, as was suspected by de Saussure (Kt. Fam. Vesp.,
ili, 1856, p. 1383). Vespa petrolata, Fabricius, is of later date, and,
moreover, is preoccupied by Vespa petiolata, de Geer, 1778.

7. Var. xanthurus, H. de Saussure (Humenes xanthura, H. de
Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 46, pl. x, fig. 4, 9). India,
Indo-China, Malay Archipelago.

Eumenes insularis, ¥. Smith, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus., v, 1857, p. 27,

of petiolaris,

The Genus Eumenes, Latresle, in South Africa. 563

23, of the Solomon Islands or New Hebrides, agrees in coloration
with the var. circinalis. An examination of the types, however, shows
that it is structurally distinct from EL. mazillosus. The same is true
for Humenes philantes, H. de Saussure, and Humenes fluctuans, H. de
Saussure, of which I have seen the types at the British Museum, and
also of Humenes bicinctus, H. de Saussure. EH. philantes, LE. bicinctus,
and H. macxillosus var. latrealec mimic one another in a most deceiving
fashion, presenting, together with many other Hymenoptera of that
region, a distinctively Australian and Papuan colour pattern.

Key to Colour Phases of KH. maxillosus.

1. Thorax and abdomen black or black and ae without yellow or orange-

yellow markings . : : ere
Thorax, or abdomen, or both, more or jess haticee aah ellen or orange-
yellow . , : ‘ : 6 se)

2. Wings entirely black, witli mami raflections: “Ted black, more or less blotched
with ferruginous on head, thorax, legs, and abdomen . 5 : 6 8)
Wings not uniformly purplish black . ‘ : ‘ : : ee!

3. Rather extensively ferruginous . . var. savignyt, Guérin
But little ferruginous, often almost pure ina : . typical maxillosus

4. Thorax and abdomen almost pure black, with very few, dull ferruginous
blotches : : Fe TED
Thorax or abdomen, or neeh: stonsiveli et more ipaaiely femnaptioes nO,

5. Wings dark brown or black in their basal half, hyaline and somewhat milky
in their apical half . ; : var. reginus, H. de Saussure
Wings suffused all over with ae sila somewhat darker or brownish
toward the base. : var. fulvipenms, F. Smith

6. Wings hyaline with amber- Fallow fine in ele basal half; their apical half
bright purplish-black. Ferruginous-red, with the pOStenee half of the
abdomen and rarely also the mesonotum black.

var. dimidiatipennis, H. de Saussure
Wings uniformly suffused with amber-yellow or rufous, occasionally somewhat
darker toward the base or toward the extreme tip . j : as Kael

7. Thorax and abdomen almost entirely bright ferruginous-red; the second
tergite always with a distinct, narrow, transverse, black band, sometimes
interrupted in the middle. Head orange-yellow. var. conicus (Fabricius)

Not entirely ferruginous-red and without a narrow, black line on the second
tergite . . : : BE hse)

8. Mostly black; more or tess Blorehed! ath ieee on eal prothorax,
mesopleura, propodeum, legs, and first abdominal segment; often the first
segment only ferruginous. Wings uniformly brownish-yellow, but little
darker toward the base . ; var. circinalis, Fabricius

Black, with the head, anterior half Oe the thane, and posterior part of the
abdomen (including hind margin of second tergite) ferruginous or slightly
orange. Wings somewhat more conspicuously darkened in the basal half.

var. canthurus, H. de Saussure

564 Annals of the South African Museum.

9. Abdomen extensively yellow or orange-yellow. Wings amber-yellow, often

darker toward the apex . , : 5 ; . EO
Abdomen with few or no yellow spots (at tale ta lanes spots near apex of
first tergite or the posterior segments orange-red) 5 : aE

10. Body conspicuously bright yellow, ferruginous-red, and Bee The black
forms a distinct transverse fascia on the second tergite between the basal,
ferruginous and the apical yellow area; the head, anterior half of thorax,
and posterior half of abdomen are mostly bright yellow. Wings nearly
uniformly amber-yellow . : 5 ; var. pyriformis (Fabricius)

Clypeus, front, antennae, pronotum, upper part of mesopleura, propodeum,
anterior part of mesonotum (wholly or partly), first tergite (mostly), posterior
third of second tergite, succeeding tergites and sternites, and legs (mostly)
orange-yellow. The remainder of the body black. Wings brilliantly
golden-yellow, the apical fourth purplish black.

var. latreillei, H. de Saussure

11. Head more or less marked with yellow, especially in male ; thorax practically
without yellow (at most a narrow margin on pronotum). Two rectangular,
elongate, well-marked spots on the apical part of the first tergite. Otherwise
black and ferruginous. Wings hyaline, slightly tinged with yellow, and
smoky in the radial cell . ; var. fenestralis, H. de Saussure

Head and thorax extensively roared with bright yellow; the mesonotum
black, with a comma-shaped spot on each side inits anterior half . oe

12. Propodeum yellow. Abdomen black, more or less ferruginous on the first
two segments : . var. tropicalis, H. de Saussure

Propodeum ferruginous. odes more extensively ferruginous-red ; the
third to sixth segments mostly orange-red. var. nigritarsis, G. Meade Waldo

Eumenes maxillosus, typical colour phase.

Vespa maxillosa, de Geer, Mém. Hist. Ins., ii, 1773, p. 577, pl. xxix,
figs. 1 and 2.

Eumenes maxillosus, H. de Saussure, in Grandidier, Hist. Phys. Nat.
Madagascar, xx, pt. 1, Hym., 1890, p. 153 (93). J. Bequaert,
Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 56, 67, and 279 (2d).

Sphex tenctor, Christ, Naturgesch. d. Insect., 1791, p. 311, pl. xxxi,
mney, IL

Vespa guineensis, Fabricius, Entom. Syst., u, 1793, p. 277.

Eumenes erythrospila, P. Cameron, Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exp.
Kilimandjaro, u, 8, 6, 1910, pp. 175 and 178 (22).

Eumenes tinctor var. minor, Magretti, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, xxi,
1884, p. 609 (9).

The typical form occurs over nearly the whole of Africa (except
Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, Tripoli, and Egypt), Madagascar, and south-
western Arabia, being perhaps the most common wasp of that part
of the world. :

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 565

Katanga: Lubumbashi; Uimilolo River; Panda River, common
(Mich. Bequaert).

Northern Rhodesia: Victoria Falls (L. Péringuey), 8.A. Mus.

Southern Rhodesia: Bulawayo (G. Arnold) ; Sebakwe (D. Dods) ;
Bindura (D. Coghill) ; Salisbury, S.A. Mus.

Portuguese Hast Africa: Lourenco Marques (C. W. Howard).

Natal: Mfongosi (W. E. Jones); Pt. Shepstone (K. Barnard) ;
Durban (W. Haygarth), 8.A. Mus.

Cape Province: Lion’s Head, Cape Town and Mossel Bay (R. H.
Turner), Brit. Mus.

There are at the British Museum four specimens (2 and 3) of typical
macxillosus, from Porto Grande, St. Vincent, W.I., which were accident-
ally introduced with ships.

Eumenes maaillosus var. savignyt, Guérin.

Eumenes savignyt, Guerin, Icongr. Regne Animal, u, Atlas, 1835,
pl. Ixxti, figs. 4 and 4a—4d ; 11, Texte, Ins., 1844, p. 446. Spinola,
Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vii, 1838, p. 503 (23).

Savigny, Descr. Egypte, Atlas, Zool., Ins. Hym., 1812, pl. viii,
fig. 4 (without name).

Eumenes tunctor var. ferrugimea, Magretti, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova,
xxi, 1884, p. 610 (2d).

This differs so little from the typical form that it hardly deserves
a name. Since it is the only colour phase found in Hgypt, certain
entomologists may wish to distinguish it; they should, however, be
aware that all transitions to the darker, typical mazillosus may be
found. Often the wings are more russet than black. I have seen
savigny? from the Fayum, Cairo, and Khartoum.

The name should be credited to Guérin and not to Spinola.

Eumenes macillosus var. dimidiatupennis, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes dimidiatipennis, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852,
p. 51 (98).

Eumenes maaxillosus var. dimidiatipennis, A. v. Schulthess, Societas
Entomol., xxv, 1910, p.17. J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
Hist., xxxix, 1918, pp. 59 and 280.

Eumenes transcaspicus, F. Morawitz, Horae Soc. Ent. Rossicae, xxix,
1895, p. 414 (23).

This is found in north-eastern Africa, from southern Algeria and

566 Annals of the South African Museum.

the central Sahara to Somaliland, Arabia, Sokotra, Palestine, Syria,
Persia, Transcaspia, and western India.

EHumenes mazxillosus var. reginus, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes regina, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 49,
pl. x, figs. 8 and 8a-6 (9).

ELumenes macillosus var. reginus, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv, 1910, p. 17. J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xxxix, 1918, pp. 58 and 281. !

Eumenes kohli, H. Brancsik, Jahresh. Naturw. Ver. Trencsiner Comit.,
xili-xiv, 1891, p. 158 (9).

Known from Madagascar and Nossi Bé only.

Eumenes macxillosus var. tropicalis, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes tropicalis, H. de Saussure, Kt. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 54 (9).

Eumenes maxulosus var. tropicalis, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv,, 1910; p. 17. J. Bequaert, Bull, Amer Mus. Nat. acu
O.00bG, IIs, TiO, D8), 8), euacl ASIN, joll, i, ie, B (Qs),

Eumenes tropica, F. Smith, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus.. v, Vesp., 1857,
Ds Ail

This is a common colour phase in West Africa, from Senegal to the
Congo. It extends, however, farther south-eastward than was
indicated on the map published in 1918 (p. 63, fig. 48).

Katanga: Panda River and Kimilolo River, many 2 and ¢ (Mich.
Bequaert).

Southern Rhodesia: Salisbury, 1 9, April 1913, 8.A. Mus.

Eumenes maxillosus var. fenestralis, H. de Saussure.

Eumenes fenestralis, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., 1, 1852, p. 53,
Olle ox, 1k) (Qe),

Eumenes macxillosus var. fenestralis, A. v. Schulthess, Societas Entomol.,
xxv, 1910, p. 17. J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xxxix, 1918, pp. 59, 68, and 280 (9¢). |

Eumenes fenestratus, Radoszkowsky, Jorn. Sc. Math. Phys. Nat. Ac.
Lisboa, vii, No. 31, 1881, p. 203.

Eumenes variventris, P. Cameron, Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exp.
Kilimandjaro, ui, 8, 6, 1910, pp. 175 and 180 (3).

This interesting colour phase appears to be quite widely distributed
over the African continent. It is known from the Senegal and
Abyssinia to Angola and Natal.

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, 1n South Africa. 567

Portuguese Hast Africa: Umbeluzi, 1 g, May 25, 1909 (C. W.
Howard), U.S. Nat. Mus.

Natal: Mfongosi, 1 9 and 1 3g, February and March, 1917 (W. EH.
Jones), S.A. Mus.

The South African specimens are coloured exactly like those I have
seen from the Congo. Moreover, Gribodo has previously recorded
fenestralis from Lourenco Marques and even from Port Elizabeth.

Eumenes alluaudi, J. Pérez.

Eumenes alluaudi, J. Pérez, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, lxiv, 1895, p. 206
(23). J. Bequaert, Psyche, xxvii, 1921, p. 160, figs. la-ld
(23).

Eumenes lepeleter var. alluaudi, J. Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.
Mishecxaxe IIS pp. (7 and 217.

This species does not occur on the African continent, being restricted
to the Seychelles and the Glorioso Islands. At one time I believed
that it was a colour phase of H. lepeleterm, but a study of specimens has
shown that it is morphologically quite distinct, and rather allied to
E. macxillosus.

It may be regarded as derived through oceanic isolation from £.
maxillosus. A parallel case is afforded by Ewmenes germaini, Lucas
(Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1875, p. 76; Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (5),
vi, 1876, p. 300), of New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands.
i. germaint has sometimes been regarded as a synonym of HL.
canthurus, de Saussure (which is but one of the colour phases
of #. maailosus); but on morphological grounds it is a
distinct species, as shown by a series of specimens at the British
Museum. The shape of the first abdominal segment is quite differ-
ent from that of H. mazillosus: seen from above it is distinctly
divided into a slender, basal half and a swollen, apical half about
three times as wide as the base; slightly beyond the middle the
first tergite bears on each side a very prominent, curved, spiracular
tooth. The head is conspicuously thickened, the vertex being
swollen and longitudinally furrowed behind; in both sexes the
posterior ocelli are farther from the hind margin of the vertex than
from each other. In the male the clypeus has a most extraordinary
shape, which may be regarded as an exaggeration of that of L. alluaudi :
the anterior portion is produced into a long, hatchet-like plate, the
thin, median margin being slightly and concavely arcuate, while the
projecting and divergent sharp edges are strengthened by a longi-

568 Annals of the South African Museum.

tudinal ridge. The antennal hook of the male is similar to that of
E. alluaudi. )

It is of interest that in both cases these precinctive species of
Eumenes replace what apparently is their ancestral form. For,
although colour phases of #. mazillosus are common in Madagascar.
and the Comoros, none have been collected in the Seychelles and
Glorioso Islands; they are likewise absent from New Caledonia and
the Loyalty Islands, while still occurring in the New Hebrides.

EHumenes macrocephala, H. de Saussure.
(Text-figure 14, A-G.)

Eumenes macrocephala, H. de Saussure, Et. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852,
p. 37 (3).

The following is a translation of the original description :—
_“ Black, ornamented with yellow. |

‘“* Male.—Length: 18 mm.; spread of wing: 32 mm.

“ Female unknown. |

““ Male.—A thickset insect. Head black, thick, so that the eyes
do not entirely cover the sides. Clypeus straightly truncate at the
anterior margin, yellow and slightly silvery. Mandibles, an incom-
plete margin of the orbits, a triangular spot on the front, and a spot
on each side of the mandibles below the head, yellow. Antennae
yellow on the under side, black on the upper side. Thorax black ;
prothorax yellow, with black posterior corners ; between these corners
and the tegulae there is an arcuate ferruginous line. Tegulae, two
spots on the corners of the scutellum, and postscutellum yellow, as
is also a large spot on each side of the metathorax. Head and thorax
granulate, covered with russet pile. Petiole strongly campanulate,
without any spine, black, ending in an irregular, yellow fascia ; its
swollen portion longitudinally furrowed. Second abdominal segment
oval, black, margined with a broad yellow fascia somewhat notched
in the middle, and marked on the sides with two elongate spots that
almost join on the middle line; third segment yellow with a black
base; the succeeding segments black with a rather indistinct, ferru-
ginous marginal line. Under side of the abdomen black, the second
segment ornamented with three yellow spots that almost touch, the
succeeding segments with a broad, longitudinal, yellow band. Legs
yellow ; coxae and basal half of femora black, with a yellow dot on
each coxa. Wings hyaline, slightly ferruginous; a brown tinge in
the radial cell.

The Genus Eumenes, Latrealle, on South Africa. 569

“ Relationship and differences.—Very close to H. amedev. It differs
from that species in the clypeus being straightly truncate and not.
rounded off, etc.

“ Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope (Jurine Collection at the Museum
of Geneva).”

A. vy. Schulthess (Societas Entomol., xxv, 1910, p. 24), who examined
the type, states that H. macrocephala cannot be distinguished from
the Palaearctic EL. arbustorum (Panzer). He suggests that the country
of origin given by de Saussure might have been due to an error. I
have, however, received from the South African Museum a male
which agrees perfectly with de Saussure’s description of macrocephala,
and I have little doubt that it represents that species. The specimen
is labelled Potchefstroom, Transvaal (T. Ayres), and there is no reason
to assume that this is due to an error, as the South African Museum
possesses no Palaearctic wasps. A detailed description of this
specimen follows.

Male.—Head seen in front but little broader than high. Clypeus
much longer than wide, elongate hexagonal, but little convex and
slightly depressed before the apex; the anterior, free portion about
as long as the upper, interocular part ; the apical margin a little over
one-third, but less than one-half, the total width of the clypeus,
straightly truncate, with distinct but bluntly rounded edges. Vertex
without fovea. Ocelli placed in a flattened triangle; the posterior
ocelli a little farther apart than from the inner orbits, about. as far
apart as from the hind margin of the vertex ; anterior ocellus larger.
Front much raised and distinctly, though bluntly, carmate between
the antennae. LHyes bare, about one and one-half times as far apart
on the vertex as at the clypeus. Vertex and temples quite well
developed, as in #. arbustorum, margined behind with a continuous,
sharp rim. Mandibles very long and slender, decussate, straight, not
curved at apex, with three superficial notches along the inner margin.
Antennae moderately elongate; the flagellum almost uniformly
thick over its entire length ; antennal sesments—4 to 6 distinctly and
7 slightly longer than broad, 8 square, 9 to 12 very little broader
than long ; terminal hook long, robust and strongly curved, the blunt
apex lying in a deep pit at the under side in the centre of the tenth
antennal segment ; in profile the hook is finger-shaped, being rather
rapidly narrowed beyond the base; but seen from the upper side it
is lengthened spatulate and bluntly ridged in the middle over the
entire dorsal length. Thorax elongate oval, quite convex dorsally,
about one and one-half times as long as high in profile, and one-third

570 Annals of the South African Museum.

longer than wide seen from above. Pronotum squarely truncate ;
the anterior margin rimmed throughout with a distinct raised line,
which is but little more pronounced on the sides, below the humeral
angles. Humeral angles quite distinct, but blunt. Mesonotum about
as long as wide, with a fine, median, impressed line over its anterior
half. Scutellum slightly convex, very gently sloping posteriorly, with
a distinct, median, longitudinal line almost forming a furrow pos-

Fie. 14.—A-G, Humenes macrocephala, H. de Saussure. A, male in profile;
B, clypeus of male; C, head of male from above; J, first tergite of male from
above ; H, two basalsegments of middle tarsi of male from above ; /, terminal
segments of male antenna in profile; G, terminal segments of male antenna
from below. H—J, Humenes arbustorum (Panzer). H, two basal segments of
middle tarsi of male; J, terminal segments of male antenna in profile; J,
terminal segments of male antenna from below.

teriorly. Postscutellum almost flat, somewhat depressed posteriorly,
entirely within the posterior slope of the thorax, without any trace
of median line. Propodeum moderately developed, seen from above
about as long as the scutellum, quite convex, completely rounded off,
without ridges or projecting angles on the sides, quite deeply grooved
in the middle over its whole length ; just above the base of the abdomen
the sides of the channel are much raised and form a blunt angle, which
is separated by a narrow notch from the valvulae. Mesopleura with-
out carinae or ridges along the epicnemial depressions, which are but
slightly marked for the fore and middle legs. Legs more slender than
in £. arbustorum: the hind tibiae are rather more abruptly widened

The Genus Eumenes, Latreile, in South Africa. 571

in the apical half than in that species, being more slender at the
base ; the tarsi are also thinner, the difference being quite well marked
in the middle and hind tarsi; the basitarsus of the middle legs,
although more slender than in £. arbustorum, has the same characteristic
shape: it forms an elongate prism, with a flattened under surface, the
upper surface divided by a blunt ridge into an anterior bare and a
posterior densely hairy face *; the hairs are short, stiff, and some-
what silky, and form a conspicuous brush; this brush is present in
other Humenes too, but in both arbustorum and macrocephala it is
quite conspicuous on account of the unusual shortening of the basi-
tarsus. Venation of wings of the usual Humenes type, differing but
little from that of EL. arbustorum and E. caffer. First abdominal
segment moderately long, elongate campanulate, more slender than
in L£. arbustorum; nearly as long as the thorax in profile; a little
over three times as long as its greatest width seen from above ; nearly
straight along the ventral line in profile; rather suddenly swollen in
its apical half, which is but little more than twice as thick as the base,
regularly convex and gently sloping toward the apex ; in profile it is
considerably less swollen than in #. arbustorum, though of the same
general shape ; seen from above the basal half forms a slender petiole,
which widens abruptly into the swollen apical half; this swollen
portion is over twice as wide as the basal stalk, fairly parallel-sided,
though not with straight margins, much more elongate than in
E. arbustorum, nearly twice as long as its greatest width, dorsally with
a longitudinal groove, which becomes quite deep before the apex ;
the spiracles form very low but distinct protuberances on the sides
near the base of the swollen part, but they are not visible from above.
Second segment elongate oval and slightly depressed, about equally
convex dorsally and ventrally, about one and one-half times as long
as high in profile and one and one-half times as long as wide seen
from above; basal neck short, but quite distinct, conspicuously
narrower than the apex of the first tergite; apical margin simple,
depressed; sternite flattened at base. Last (seventh) sternite
straightly truncate at apex, with broadly rounded edges, the apical
margin slightly raised in the middle; its surface conspicuously con-
cave, forming a broad, somewhat triangular cavity, which narrows
toward the base of the sternite, where it is more like a channel between
two converging, blunt ridges ; the concave area is finely granulate and
covered with short hairs, which are somewhat longer toward the apex.

* This peculiarity of H. arbustorum is correctly described by F. Morawitz, Horae
Soc. Ent. Rossicae, xxix, 1895, p. 419.

572 Annals of the South African Museum.

Puncturation very dense, but moderately coarse on head and thorax,
somewhat larger on the vertex; clypeus with very few and quite
widely scattered, minute punctures, practically impunctate, dull;
on the temples (behind the eyes) the punctures are very fine and
remote; the median channel of the propodeum shows a series of
transverse striae, especially well marked in the lower half; tegulae
with few, irregular punctures toward the margins, nearly impunctate
in the centre. First abdominal tergite smooth and impunctate in its
basal two-thirds; the apical third with remote, medium-sized
punctures, much smaller than those of the thorax, and fairly uniformly
scattered over the entire width. The remainder of the abdomen
impunctate, except for a few minute punctures on the basal neck
of the second tergite. Head and thorax with moderately long,
greyish pile; the clypeus somewhat silvery; abdomen and legs
almost bare.

Black, with conspicuous and abundant bright yellow markings as
follows: clypeus; mandibles (passing into ferruginous in the apical
half) ; scape of antennae (except for a broad, black streak over the
upper surface) ; front between the antennae; inner orbits from the
clypeus to half-way in the ocular sinus; a broad line along the outer
orbits in the upper half of the temples; pronotum entirely ; upper ©
plate of mesopleura entirely and continuous with a very large spot on
the lower plate; posterior half of tegulae; a broad, transverse band
on the scutellum; postscutellum entirely; propodeum (except for
a wide, median stripe in the longitudinal channel); an elongate,
dorsal spot on each side near the base of the swollen part of first
tergite; two much larger spots at apex of first tergite, narrowly
connected medially and produced anteriorly on the sides; second
tergite, except for a broad black mark in the shape of an inverted T,
the base of which widens over the basal neck, while the arms form a
transverse band about the middle (the yellow covering about the
apical third of the tergite and somewhat angularly notched with
black medially); second sternite (except for the basal black third
and a small black spot on each side shortly before the apex) ; third
to sixth sternites and tergites, except at base; a transverse fascia
over the middle of the seventh tergite; large spots on the fore and
middle coxae; the major part of the fore and middle femora; the
tibiae and much of the tarsi. The basal half of the flagellum and the
hind femora are bright ferruginous-red ; while the upper side of the
fore and middle femora is extensively ferruginous and the apex of
the tibiae and tarsi also shows a ferruginous tinge. Wings sub-

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 573

hyaline, somewhat suffused with amber-yellow anteriorly, especially
in the subcostal cell; the radial cell more infuscated and somewhat
purplish.

Length (h.+th.+t. 1+2): 14 mm.

A comparison with males of typical #. arbustorum (Panzer), of the
Pyrenees, France, discloses several differences in structure, some of
which may be pointed out :

(a) The clypeus is much longer than wide and straightly truncate
at the apex. In arbustorum, it is relatively shorter and quite evenly,
arcuately rounded off.

(b) The flagellum is shorter and thicker throughout; its terminal
hook rather narrow and bluntly ridged over the whole length. In
arbustorum, it is more elongate, almost all the antennal segments
(except the eleventh and twelfth) being longer than wide ; the terminal
hook broadly spatulate, with a short dorsal crest (fig. 14, J—J).

(c) The thorax is much less swollen. In arbustorum, it is but little
more than one-fourth longer than high.

(d) The propodeum is more convex on the sides, the median channel
being much deeper. In arbustorum, the channel is more broadly open
and its sides do not form blunt angles above the valvulae.

(e) The legs are more slender, which is especially conspicuous for
the tarsi and the hind tibiae. In macrocephala, the middle basitarsus
is over twice the length of the second tarsal segment and about
three times as long as wide. In arbustorum, the hind tibiae are
short and thick, gradually widening from base to apex; the middle
basitarsus is about twice the length of the second tarsal segment and
between two and three times as long as wide (fig. 14, H).

(f) The first abdominal segment is shaped quite differently. In
arbustorum, it is distinctly shorter than the thorax; the apical half
much more swollen, nearly three times as thick as the basal stalk in
profile, and seen from above but little longer than wide; it is also
much more densely and coarsely punctured than in the male here
described as macrocephala.

(g) The last sternite in #. arbustorum is more shallowly and uni-
formly depressed.

With regard to coloration the resemblance with HL. arbustorwm var.
ameder, Lepeletier de St. Fargeau, of Algeria, is quite remarkable.
To judge from de Saussure’s description and figure, #. sichelii, de
Saussure (Ht. Fam. Vesp., i, 1852, p. 36, pl. x, fig. 2), of Albania,
is still more like it; in addition, sicheli is said to have the clypeus
straightly truncate at apex, so that 1t might be even more closely

574 Annals of the South African Museum,

allied to macrocephala than arbustorum. Unfortunately I have no
specimens of sechelia for comparison.

Although the structural characters are quite sufficient to regard
arbustorum and macrocephala as specifically distinct—the differences
between some other species of Humenes, such as the Nearctic Z£.
fraternus, Say, EH. verticalis, Say, and EF. globulosus, de Saussure, are
much more obscure—yet there can be little doubt that the two have
been derived from some common ancestor. Nowadays the Palae-
arctic H. arbustorum (with several colour phases) does not extend
southward beyond the Mediterranean subregion, being thus separated
-from E. macrocephala by the entire tropics.

If one relies upon the colour alone, E. macrocephala and E. caffer
might easily be confused, and it is probably for this reason that
macrocephala has been thus far overlooked. The black marking of
the second tergite, however, does not form a complete cross as in
caffer. Structurally the two are not in the least related.

DOUBTFUL SPECIES.

Humenes higlettr, G. Meade Waldo.

Eumenes higlettr, G. Meade Waldo, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), v, 1910,
p. 43 (2). |

“Q, black; clypeus, mark between antennae at base, a line behind
them, pronotum almost reaching to tegulae, large ovate spot (inter-
rupted in the centre) on mesopleura on each side, posterior margin
of postscutellum, median segment broadly on each side, apical margin
of the petiole on each side, apical margin of second abdominal segment,
except medio-dorsally, and two small isolated spots, apical margins
of segments 3, 4, 5 (interrupted dorsally and continuous ventrally),
yellow. Anterior femora and tibiae on outside, base of intermediate
and posterior tibiae, yellow. Antennae beneath, two quadrate spots
on scutellum, tegulae, metapleura on each side, petiole medially,
apical segment of abdomen, legs (except where yellow), ferruginous.
Wings hyaline, tinted with a golden sheen toward costal area, radial
cell fuscous. Clypeus broadly ovate, truncate at the apex, rather
longer than broad; pronotum angular in front; median segment
truncate, produced toward apex on each side to form a V-shaped
depression ; petiole rather longer. than thorax, slender, the apical
portion broader, a small tubercle on each side; following segments
elongate ovate. Punctured: vertex and thorax finely and evenly ;

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa. 515

mesonotum with a short longitudinal carina, not reaching the middle ;
petiole and abdomen shining anteriorly, petiole very minutely and
sparsely punctured. Vertex of head and median segment with a
dense grey pubescence. Length, 17 mm. Hab., Tamsoo, Gold
Coast (G. A. Higlett) ; 1 9.”

Eumenes signicorns, F. Walker.

HKumenes signicorns, F. Walker, List of Hymenoptera collected by
J. K. Lord in Egypt, 1871, p. 30 (no sex).

“ Black, roughly punctured. Front yellow, slightly silvered; a
small yellow dot between the antennae; a short yellow line along the
hind side of each eye and a shorter yellow line along the outer side
of each eye. Antennae reddish, with a piceous streak near the base
and a piceous band near the tip. Thorax; a band on the fore border
straightened in the middle, tegulae, two short bands on the scutellum,
two transverse streaks on each side, and a large spot on each side of
the metathorax yellow. Legs reddish; tibiae and four anterior
femora yellow on the outer side. Wings cinereous; veins black.
Fore wings with a blackish streak along the apical part of the costa.
Length of the body 5? lines.” Massaua, Hritrea.

576

abdominalis
acuminatus
aethiopicus
affinis
Afreumenes
alluaudi
Alpha
amedet
arbustorum
arcuata
arnoldi
ASINUS
aterrumus .

belfraget
Beta
bicinctus
bisignatus
bolliz

boscit
braunsianus
broomi
butonensis

Annals of the South African Museum.

C

537,

caffer 492, 535, 546, 551,

CaMeTUNA .

campaniformis .

capensis
circinalis
coarctata .
concinnus
coOnicus
cratiata
cruciata
crucigera .

decipiens .
Delta

dilectula
dimidiatupennis
distinctus .
dyscheroides
dyscherus .

edwards
elegans
erythras pis

INDEX.

PAGH
487
491, 520
527, 530
527, 529
486, 526
492, 567
485
aoe.
569, 574
. 487
491, 517
555, 556
526, 528

505
486
563
493
505
043
490, 502
514, 517
562

552, 574
557
493, 538
493, 524
562, 563
485, 502
009, 007
562, 563
535
535
539

527, 528
487, 531

. 493
963, 565
527, 531

OOo
493, 552

. 542
493, 546
= 2029

erythrospila
eCSULLENS
Humenes .
Humenidion

favillaceus
femoratus .
fenestralis
fenestratus
ferruginea
flavus

fluctuans .
formosus .

fillebornianus

fulvipennis

Gamma
germami .
globicollis
gracilis
gracilluma
grants
guerint
guineensis

harmandi .
higletts
hottentotius

ansularis .

Ischnogasteroides

jansew

kohla

Labus
langa
latrealles
lepeleterit .
leptogaster
longirostris
lucasius

541, 544, 551

PAGE
564

541, 542, 548

485, 501

485, 502, 505

517

487, 489, 493
560, 564, 566

566

565

488

. 563
541, 546
490, 509
562, 563

486
567
486

528

. BBB
555, 559
564

488.
493, 574

553, 554, 559

562
488

549
566

493, 501
. 909
562, 564

"492, 530, 547, 553, 567

488, 493
527, 529
491, 514

The Genus Eumenes, Latreille, in South Africa.

macrocephala
maculinoda
marshalli .
macxillosus
melanosoma
MeETUENSIS
minor
“mosert

nigritarsis
nortonianus

oculihirtus
Omicron
Oreumenes
ornativentris

Pachymenes
paeneplanus
Pareumenes
pediculata
pensilis
peringueyanus
petiolaris .
petiolata

Phi .
philanthes
phthisicus
pomiformis
pseudodyscherus
pulcherremus
pulchripennis
punctatus .
pyriformis

reginus
rendalla
Rethus

PAGE
491, 568
493
541, 548

487, 492, 559, 564

486, 489, 526
595
564
528

562, 564
486

490, 511

484, 493
490, 498
484, 501
543
555, 556
490, 505
562

562

487

563
492, 531
491, 501
540, 552
538, 541, 549
493, 497
. 486
562, 564

: . 563
541, 545, 551
: . 514

VOl, X<iil, PART 3,

)

rhodesiensis
rufolineata

sakalava
sanguinolenta
savignyt
schultzeanus
sichelia
Ssignicornis
sptlocera
stuhlmanni
sulcigaster
superbus

tessmanni
thoracicus
tanctor
transcaspicus
tricolor
tropica
tropicalis

urviller

variventris
ventricosa .

walkert

xanthaspis
xanthurus

Zeta
Zethus ;
Zeutheumendion

W

O77

PAGH
541, 548
493

559
557
563, 565
514, 517

555, 557
558

564

565

541

. 566
564, 566

531

1) o29
562, 563

487, 520
5 lly
487, 493

38,

Be eo at

( 579 )

10. Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera), with Notes
and Additional Localities of some already known Species.—By the
late Dr. L. PERINGUEY.

[At the time of his death the late Dr. Péringuey was engaged on
a Revision of his monograph of the Carabidae, and the following notes
and descriptions were found amongst his papers, and, according to
endorsements on the MSS., had been finally corrected for printing.
Only such portions as were repetitions of earlier descriptions have
been cut out. ,

The types of the new species are in the South African Museum.—ED. |

Famity CARABIDAE,

TrinE PANAGAEINI.

Gen. TEFFLUS Latr.
Deser. Cat., p. 472.

Key to the Species.

A’. Size large. Abdominal segments without a puncture on each side of the

centre.
a*. Elytra elongate-ovate.
6. Pronotum very scabrose and as long as broad . . delegorguer
61. Pronotum moderately scabrose, broader than long : . molossus

a+, Elytra sub-parallel . : : , j kafuenus
At. Size smaller. Abdominal segments with a puncture on each side of the centre.

6*, Prothorax with the median line distinct but not very deep. LElytra black

carinatus
bt. Prothorax with the median line conspicuous. Elytra dark violaceous or
purplish : : : : : ‘ . violaceus

T. delegorquer Guér.
Descr. Cat., p. 473.

Locality.—Transvaal (Nylstroom, Louis Trichardt); Mozambique
i{ Beira).

580 Annals of the South African Museum.

T. kafuenus Per.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. v, 1908, p. 284.

Distinguished by the more sub-parallel shape of the elytra in the 4,
which is much narrower than in Delegorguez, while in the ? the elytra
are much less constricted towards the base and less ampliated towards
the middle; the prothorax is slightly broader in both sexes than in
Delegorguet, and the median longitudinal line much more distinct ;
the costae and sculpture of the intervals of the elytra are much the
same in all the species of the genus, but the scabrose impressions in
the intervals of the costae are single in the anterior part in this 9.
Two examples, a gd anda. The former, the type of the species, is
proportionally smaller than the example I take to be the 2 and much
more parallel-shaped.

Length, 39-48 mm.; width, 13-19 mm.

Locality.—N.-W. Rhodesia (Kafue River) ; 8. Rhodesia (Umtali).

T. carinatus KI.
Descr. Cat., p. 474.

Locality.—Mozambique (Rikatla, Beira, Tembe, Amatongas) ;
S. Rhodesia (Melsetter).

Gen. EupEMA Cast.

Syn: Craspedophorus Hope; Epicosmus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 474.

Craspedophorus, and also Epicosmus, are posterior to Hudema.
Chaudoir includes in Eudema only one Indian species, whereas Castel-
nau founded the genus for the African and Indian species.

The difference between Craspedophorus sensu Chaud. and Hpicosmus,
also sensu Chaud., seems to consist in a slight variation in the securi-
form shape of the ultimate joint of the palpi.

Key to the Species.

A®, Elytra without any yellow patch. Prothorax moderately narrow, edges
strongly recurved : : : : . Craspedophorus

a?, Elytra with tectiform carinae mdodeiatoly punctate laterally impictum

a, Elytra sharply carinate, carinae roughly punctate laterally zambezianum

A*. Elytra with two yellow patches on each side . ; ; . Lpicosmus

Be.

B4.

B?.

B*.

EN

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 581

. Prothorax narrow, edges strongly recurved.

a*, Yellow patches on the elytra extending on four costae . ornatum
a+, Yellow patches on the elytra restricted to two (alternate) segments
rikatlense

Prothorax broad, edges strongly recurved. Prothorax slightly attenuate
laterally in front. Anterior and posterior bands sinuate, extending on five

costae ; ; : : : : : : : . _ festivum
Prothorax not attenuate laterally in front.
a*, Anterior and posterior bands transversely quadrate . . pretiosum
a*, Anterior band extending on four costae. , : . _ laticollis
a+, Anterior band extending on three alternate costae : é merum

Prothorax hexagonal.

a*. Elytra not convex.

6. Elytra sharply carinate, hind band transverse . ‘ . gratiosum

61. Elytra not sharply carinate, hind band arcuate . : , nobile

a+. Elytra gibbose. Elytra not sharply carinate, hind band transverse

bonvouloirs

Prothorax rounded laterally. Elytra not sharply carinate, hind patch
strongly arcuate” ; 2 : : : opulentum

Elytra with two discoidal bands and a humeral ; three yellow patches on each
side.

. Prothorax broad, edges recurved . ; : : . sexmaculatum

EKudema umpictum Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 476.

Locality.—Natal; Transvaal (Lydenburg); Natal (Durban); S.
Rhodesia (Salisbury, Umtali) ; Mozambique (Busi, Beira).

Kudema ornatum Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 478.

Locality.—Natal (Durban); S. Rhodesia (Umtali, Salisbury) ;
occurs also in Zanzibar.

Hudema difficile Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 479.

This species, founded on a single example from the shores of the
Zambesi River, is very closely allied to C. erichsont and oxygonus,
both from the west coast of Africa. It has not been recorded again.

Eudema festiwum Klug.
Abh. Ak. Wiss. Berlin, 1832-33, p. 128, pl. i, f. 7.

This species is widely distributed. Described originally from
Madagascar, it is recorded from the Comoro Island, Quango, West
A frica, and now from 8. Rhodesia (Umtali). It is easily differentiated

582 Annals of the South African Museum.

from the other South African species having a broad thorax by it
being narrower at apex than at the base, more regularly ampliated

laterally and not emarginate towards the basal angle; the surface

is roughly and closely punctate; the sub-parallel elytra are less
densely pubescent than the prothorax, moderately highly costate,
with the striae finely but deeply punctate, and they have each at
about one quarter of the length a yellow band extending from the
4th to the 8th costa, and consisting of three lines united alternately
by two shorter inner ones; in the third posterior part is a similar
patch in which the two alternate lines project more towards the apex
than in the anterior patch.

Length, 19-21 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Kudema bonvouloira Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 478.

The characteristic gibbosity of the elytra varies in individuals of
both sexes.

Locality.—Transvaal (Barberton, Three Sisters, White River,
Shilouvane, Lydenburg, Woodbush, Griffin Mine, Malalane).

Gen. Tricuista Motsch.
Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., 1864, ui, p. 331.

This genus is extremely close to Hudema (Epicosmus), the main
difference according to Chaudoir being in the shape of the ligula, the
paraglossae of which do not project beyond it. The prothorax is
widely arcuate laterally from the neck to the deep hind incision, and
pedunculate at base.

The only African species known is Trichisia rhodesiana Pér.; the
other three species included in the genus are from India, Hong-Kong,
and Hastern Australia.

Gen. Mricrocosmus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 481.

Microcosmus tenuipunctatus Laf.
Descr, Cat., p. 482.
Locality.—Port Elizabeth (Cape). Apparently restricted to the
western Cape Province. The brightness of the yellow markings and
the very short pubescence on the elytra are very noticeable.

af
r

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 583

Microcosmus aurantiacus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 483.

Syn: laetiusculus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 483.

I am of opinion that M. laetiusculus cannot be separated from
M. aurantiacus.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage) ; Transvaal (Pietersburg, Lydenburg) ;
S. Rhodesia (Sawmills) ; Mozambique (Beira).

The size of this species is very variable ; I have seen two very small
examples (5 mm.) from Newcastle (Natal).

Gen. EricgRAPHUS Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 483.

Epigraphus amplicollis Sch.
Descr. Cat., p. 484.

Locality.—Natal (Durban) ; Mozambique (Beira).

Trise CHLAENINI.

Gen. CHLAENIUS Bonelli.
Syn: Rhizotrachelus, Vertagus, Ocybatus, Dinodes, Pteroticus.

The additions to this genus are mainly from Southern Rhodesia,
where other species previously described from Nyassaland, British
Kast Africa, and Tanganyika Territory will be doubtless found to
occur. In Hereroland and Ovamboland only a few species have been
recorded. It is doubtful if any new or striking form will be found
here, because the climatic conditions are identical with those of
Bechuanaland and western South Rhodesia. Very few species are
known from Angola, but the insect fauna of the southern part closely
approximates to that on the left bank of the Cunene River.

I have recast the key to the species of the genus Chlaenius, which
I divide into two sections according to the shape of the last joint
of the palpi—z.e. either (1) securiform or broadly securiform, or (2)
cylindrical. These two divisions are split into subsections according
to the shape of the prothorax, which is regularly ampliate, rounded,

584 Annals of the South African Museum.

and not or very little more narrowed at base than at apex ; regularly
cordate or elongate cordate, the base being much narrower than the
apex; sub-trapezoidal with the base sinuate laterally, or with the
base not, or very little, sinuate laterally.

This arrangement is a very natural one, and helps to separate with-
out much difficulty species which, in spite of similar livery, have really
no affinity. Only in one case is one species (Chlaenius dohrni) widely
separated from its congeners (Chlaenius zanzibaricus, etc.).

First Section.

Palpi with the ultimate joints securiform or triangular, usually more broadly so in
the male than in the female.

A’. Palpi broadly securiform or diamond-shaped.
B®. Elytra with the alternate intervals sharply tectiform.
C*. Prothorax one-fourth broader than long, ampliate rounded laterally.
a*. Prothorax a little attenuate laterally at apex. Hach elytron with a sub-

median quadrate yellow patch : : : : sulcatus
a+, Prothorax not attenuated laterally in front. Bach elytron without a
yellow patch : : : ; ummaculatus

Ct. Prothorax regularly ampliate, roded inven:
a*, Kach elytron without a yellow patch : : ; : crudelis
a1. Kach elytron with two yellow patches : 3 . quadrimaculatus

Bt. Elytra without alternately raised intervals.
C°®. Prothorax regularly ampliate, rounded laterally. Intervals of elytra convex.
a*. Kach elytron with one posterior large, at times irregular yellow patch ;

legs and antennae black : ; : myops

a+, Hach elytron with one posterior, ovate, mail ello Halen first antennal
joint and whole of legs yellow : : . orphanus

C+. Prothorax sub-trapezoidal. Intervals of alvara shatply costate. Elytra
without yellow markings, outer margin brilliant green . cwpreocinctus

C. Prothorax strongly cordiform. Elytra without a green margin . . caffer

C*. Prothorax and elytra very slender.
a*. Kach elytron with a median, transverse yellow band; first antennal joint
and base of femora reddish yellow . : : : . hacquardi
a1, Elytra concolorous, the three basal joints of antennae cyaneous lucidulus
Ct. Prothorax slender, slightly longer than, or as long as, broad.
a®, Hach elytron with a postical yellow patch not extending over more than
four intervals.
6*. Last joint of palpi diamond-shaped.
c?, Outer margin of prothorax flavescent ; three basal antennal joints red-

dish yellow . : : ; . dissidens
ce’. Outer margin of pHOpnOran not nen only ine basal antennal joint
reddish yellow . : : é : marleyr

61. Last joint of palpi bonny inte,
c?. Legs reddish yellow, except knees and tarsi, which are infuscate _rebellis
c1, Legs reddish yellow . : : : : : : . bohemani

JaNGs
B.

C2:
(Or

B?.

1B

A.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 585

a?, Postical band extending from the second stria over the whole posterior
part. A slender form; outer margin not flavescent, the three basal

antennal joints reddish . : : 3 : : : ditulus
a. Elytra without yellow patches.
b%. The whole antennae red . : : 5 f : reicher
bt. The whole antennae not red. : : : ; stenotrachelus
Palpi securiform.
Each elytron with a postical yellow patch.
Patch extending from the suture to the outer margin , ; fasciger
Patch extending on four or five intervals only.
a>. Prothorax slender, slightly angular laterally é A . effugrens
a*, Prothorax slender, not angular laterally.
6%. Yellow patch on each elytron whole.
c*, Intervals of elytra convex 5 : ; : . fenestratus
c. Intervals plane : ; . cribellatus
bt. Yellow patch on each alveron iecply imoieed posteeanly : ovambo
a, Prothorax a little ampliated. The three basal antennal joints reddish
yellow.
b*. Legs yellowish red . ; . finitimus
bl. Knees, apices of tibiae red, oni pines patel Shiohne perspicillaris
Each elytron without a postical yellow patoh Prothorax ampliate rounded,
as broad as long. Uniformly green or greenish blue . fulvipes
Each elytron with a long arcuate yellow band reaching the apex along the
outer margin. Prothorax trapezoidal, broader at base than at apex
: conformis
Palpi broadly securiform. Prothorax sub-parallel, slightly sinuate towards
the base. Margin of elytron yellow . : ; ; . capensis

Second Section.

Palpi with the ultimate joints cylindrical or nearly so, and truncate at tip. Male
without a small tooth in the inferior basal part of the fore femora.

A’.
B?.

C2

Prothorax regularly ampliate, rounded laterally.
Elytra with an apical sutural yellow patch.
Pronotum red.
a®, Pronotum with two median narrow fuscous bands.
6”. No anterior yellow patch on each side. Outer margin of elytra narrowly
yellow. Pronotal bands not interrupted in the anterior part
vitticollis
bt. An anterior yellow patch on each side. Outer marginal patch reaching
the 5th stria; head green. The two median pronotal bands inter-
rupted in the anterior part . ; : : . pulchellus
a*, Pronotum without any fuscous band. Hilytra with the marginal
yellow band ascending the suture, and on each side a sub-quadrate
yellow patch situated at about three-quarters of the length
fulvicollis
am, Pronotum red, with a broad fuscous median band. Elytra with an

ay
ie)
op)

Ch.

Bt
Ce

Ct.
OP
OF
OH
AG:

Be
CZ

C2,

Cx

15.

Annals of the South African Museum.

outer marginal yellow band, narrowed in the median part, wider
behind, and distinctly ascending the suture, and on each side a sub-
ovate yellow patch situated slightly past the median part . kirki
Pronotum fuscous bronze.
a*. Elytra with a small bright yellow post-median quadrate patch on each

side and a triangular sutural apical spot. é . _verecundus
a. Elytra with a triangular sutural apical spot and no post-median patch,
outer margin narrowly flavescent : ‘ : communimacula

Hlytra without an apical sutural yellow patch.
Elytra without post-median patch or sutural spot, outer margin not flavescent.
a*, Prothorax as long as broad; head very shiny, upper side of body sub-

opaque . : . nitidiceps

a. Prothorax slightly ones thee broad: exes prothorax, and elytra
fusco-cyaneous . ; : : infersus
Elytra black, outer margin of elytra dotiewitint eoateely shagreened and black,
body very large : : 5 zanzibaricus
Elytra very dark blue, outer margin of clita anely aciculate and cyaneous,
body very large : : . coeruleolimbatus
Elytra black, outer margin of ee aed ae narrowly blue . . lugens
HKlytra black, outer margin of thorax and elytra concolorous . . morro

Prothorax cordiform.

Prothorax strongly cordiform, slightly broader than long.

Each elytra with a discoidal patch or patches and an apical marginal one.
a®. Elytra broad, parallel, a median quadrate yellow ne and a triangu-

lar marginal one at apex. ; : : nuncius
a*, Elytra somewhat ampliate behind, a poets -median sinuate patch and
an apical marginal one : : . quadrisignatus

a+, Elytra oblong, six yellow lines or puts endl an apical marginal patch
signatus
Elytra without marginal yellow band or yellow spots. Costae of elytra
carinate, moderately punctate laterally : 5 . coeruleopennis

Elytra with a yellow marginal band.

a®, Head and prothorax somewhat sparsely punctate; marginal band
extending to the edge of the 9th interval ; ; . leucoristus

a*. Head and prothorax very closely and deeply punctate, a broad lateral
yellowish band extending from the margin to the 5th interval

eribricollis
a, Head and prothorax deeply but moderately sparsely punctate.
6°. Lateral band extending from the margin to the 6th interval limbipennis

62, Lateral band extending to the 4th interval : . marginipennis
61. Lateral band invading the apical part for a sixth of the length
sulcupennis

Prothorax cordiform, as broad as long.

a°. Elytra with a broad lateral band extending to the 5th interval;
prothorax without a yellow border : : . limbatus”

a’. Prothorax with a narrow yellow border. alee with a narrow lateral
marginal band ascending the intervals in the apical part. svmulatus

a®. Yellow lateral band extending as far as the 6th interval and emitting

BY

(Ors

Be
Cz

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 587

a short median spur; an elongate spot on the supra-apical part of
the 4th interval . : 5 : coscinioderus
a”, Lateral band extending to the 5th ain in ate anterior part, impinging
there on the 3rd, reduced thence to the margin ; a supra-apical patch
on the 3rd to 4th intervals . - . notabilis
. Lateral band extending to the 6th stria in ihe anterior part, dilated
there in the middle to the 4th interval, narrowed thence to the 8th
interval and the margin; an ovate yellow pe Ne patch on the
3rd to 5th intervals. : , . commistus
Prothorax narrow, cordiform, but longer iho Bread
a”, Klytra without a yellow outer margin. Head and thorax coppery ;
elytra dark blue-black. : s : : F . tenuicollis
a+. Hlytra with a yellow outer margin.
6%. Klytra glabrous, the yellow marginal band extending on the next

interval.
c*, Intervals costate . : 5 é ‘ 3 B . angustatus
c. Intervals plane : : : . solivagus

b*, Klytra glabrous, intervals ene ately the Peilows band extending on
the next interval, and expanding on the apical part for a short
distance . : cylindricollis

bt. Elytra briefly aissebne ieee ane puinebetas the yellow band
extending on the next interval, and not expanding on the apical part

consobrinus

. Prothorax broad, sub-trapezoidal or trapezoidal.
. Prothorax slightly sinuate laterally above the base ; the outer angle in a line

with the 6th elytral costa.

. Elytra with no yellow outer margin. Elytra with a posterior yellow patch

on each elytron. Head and prothorax ied green, the latter very
broad. Elytra bright violaceous blue . ; 2 . raffrayr
HKlytra with no yellow patch nor a yellow outer margin. Head and prothcrax
bright coppery red.
a*, Antennae and legs reddish yellow.

6+. Elytra with the costae carinate ; : , 5 laetus
6°. Elytra with the costae very ce carinate ‘ ; . hypocritus
67. Elytra black . ; : : : : : comes
61. Klytra bright cyaneous, outer margin wie. : ! cyanipennis
a+, Antennae and legs red, elytra black, prothorax impunctate levicollis

Pronotum very little sinuate laterally above the base.

Pronotum smooth on the disk, costae of elytra impunctate.

a*, Klytra with a yellow posterior patch on each side.

62. Elytra with an ovate quadrate yellow patch on each side bipusiulatus

61. Elytra with a long quadrate yellow patch reaching the apex.

c*. Pronotum closely punctate : : , ‘ : controversus

cl. Pronotum less closely punctate ‘ ‘ ; : . conforms

a, Hlytra without a yellow patch.

6?. Head and pronotum, and elytra bright green, costae sharp . simplex

b?. Head and pronotum bright green, elytra olive green, costae tectiform
robustus

588 Annals of the South African Museum.

b'. Head and pronotum bright green, elytra violaceous, costae very little

raised : ‘ : . validicornis
C*. Pronotum and costae algae punaeites caoke watullis green above, outer
margin of elytra blue, an apical marginal yellow border. . mashunus

Ct. Prothorax and elytra with a yellow outer margin.
a*, Elytra with an interior and posterior discoidal yellow patch on each aide
dussaulta
a. Elytra without yellow patches.
6°. Prothorax vaguely punctate, elytra nearly glabrous, intervals smooth

capicola
64. Prothorax very closely punctate over the whole disk, elytra very briefly
pubescent, intervals aciculate punctate ; . superstes
6°. Prothorax not closely punctate in the anterior part, dontely pubescent,
intervals finely aciculate ‘ : i : marginicollis
b®. Prothorax very closely punctate, alternate costae sharply carinate, with
the ridge smooth, the others closely aciculate punctate . costypennis
b'. Hlytra pubescent, with a broad yellow outer margin extending to the
6th costa. Size large . : 3 . senegalensis
Bt. Pronotum trapezoidal, outer angle in a ee aah the th costa.
C?. Body black, elytra costate, glabrous.
a*. Pronotum impunctate.
b?. The 3 basal joints of antenna fuscous black, legs black ; . cham
61. Whole antenna and the legs red : ‘ : ‘ . natalensis
a®. Pronotum punctate : 5 : : . trapezicollis
a*, Pronotum aciculate, elytra pubeteone
b*. Costae little raised and closely aciculate . ‘ : . dichrous
b1. Costae raised and closely punctate . : : ; : piceus
a+, Pronotum variolose punctate, antennae black . . : dohrnt
Ct. Body metallic bluish green. Pronotum closely aciculate, the 2 basal joints
of antenna red, the rest fuscous or black , ; : é Consors

Chlaenius sulcatus Fab.
Descr. Cat., p. 494.

Locality.—Cape (Port Elizabeth) ; Mozambique (Beira).

Chlaenius quadrimaculatus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 494, pl. x, fig. 2.
Locality.—North Rhodesia (Broken Hill) ; Mozambique (Manica).

Chlaenius myops Gor.
Descr. Cat., p. 495.

In this species, which seems to have a very wide distribution
(Senegambia, Abyssinia, Ovampoland, and Natal), the normal shape

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 589

of the posterior yellow patch is obliquely ovate, reaching from the
3rd to the 8th interval. In the var. ertkssoni this patch is reduced
to a small streak on the 4th interval, and a longer one on the 6th,
briefly connected by a very small one, often indistinct on the 5dth.
This form, which I named C. ertkssoni, occurs in Ovampoland and in
Natal. In two typical examples from Transvaal—Barberton and
White River—the posterior patch is broadly ovate, and reaches from
the 3rd to the 8th interval.

Locality.—Cape (Basutoland); Transvaal (Lydenburg, Pretoria,
Waterkloof, Johannesburg) ; Natal (Umvoti).

Chlaenius cwpreocinctus Reich.
Voy. Gal. Abyss. Ent., p. 266, pl. xvi, f. 5.
Syn: tegreanus Roth., Wiegm. Arch., 1851, i, p. 116.

Head and prothorax bright coppery, with greenish sheen especially
on the sides, elytra sub-metallic black, outer margin bright green ;
antennae black with the 3 basal joints red; palpi and legs red,
apical joints of the former broadly securiform; head very closely
aciculate ; prothorax sub-trapeziform, a little ampliate laterally in the
middle, and only a little attenuate thence to the outer angle, less so
in the male than in the female, but not sinuate there, the base broader
than apex, closely, deeply, and regularly punctate all over; elytra
oblong, the intervals sharply carinate except the juxtasutural one,
and each with a distinct row of punctures on each side of the carination ;
the bright green lateral band invades the base of the 8th stria, but is
restricted thence to the margin interval.

Length, 133-17 mm. ; width, 5-8 mm.

Locality.—South Rhodesia (Umtali). Originally recorded from
Abyssinia.

Chlaenius caffer Boh.
Deser Cat. p. ole:
This handsome species is now recorded from Salisbury, in Southern
Rhodesia.
Chlaenius hacquardi Chaud.
Coleopt. Novit., 1883, p. 30.
Very dark metallic blue; antennae very long, fuscous black with

the first joint red ; legs black with the base of the femora flavescent ;
head deeply and very closely pitted ; prothorax very slender, ampliate

590 Annals of the South African Museum.

rounded laterally, narrower towards the base than towards the apex,
a little longer than at the greater median width ; the basal angle in
a line with the 4th costa of the elytra, the latter also slender, and
very briefly pubescent, very slightly ampliated from the median part,
sharply costate, the costae deeply and closely punctate, at about the
median part a transverse pale yellow band extending from the 3rd
to the 7th interval; underside cyaneous blue; tarsi, especially the
intermediate and posterior ones, very long; interior femora with a
minute tooth or spine at the base underneath.

Length, 10 mm.; width, 3} mm.

This very slender species is retained by Chaudoir in the group
Vertagus, but beyond the general facies there is hardly any distinctive
character differentiating it from other slender forms of the genus. It
is very Closely allied to C. buquets De}. from Senegambia, and was first
discovered at Mhonda (? German Hast Africa).

Locality.—South Rhodesia (Umtalt).

Chlaenwus rebellis sp. n.

Head and prothorax cyaneous, moderately shiny, elytra very dark
blue, with a quadrate yellow post-median patch extending on intervals
3-6 ; underside bright blue; antennae black with the basal joint red ;
palpi rufescent, broadly securiform at tip ; legs rufo-flavous with the
knees, the anterior tibiae, and the apical part of the others fuscous
black. Of slender shape (Orybatus); head not aciculate in the
centre, and aciculate on the sides and neck; prothorax a little longer
than broad, regularly ampliate rounded laterally, and in a line with
the 5th stria of the elytra, broad at base as at apex, with the hind
angles not prominent, closely and deeply, somewhat rugosely, punc-
tate; elytra very briefly pubescent, oblong, finely striate punctate,
with the intervals plane (2); half-way between middle and apex is
a transverse quadrate yellow patch extending on the 3rd to the 6th
interval, thorax and pectus deeply punctate ; abdomen smooth in the
median part.

Length, 124 mm. ; width, 5 mm.

The colour of the legs is like that of C. perspicillaris, but the latter
differs considerably in the shape of the thorax, and of the much less
broadly securiform palps.

Locality.—Natal (Durban); Transvaal (Waterberg) ; Mozambique
(Rikatla).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 591

Chlaenius dissidens sp. n.

Bluish green, moderately shiny, very briefly greyish pubescent
above; palpi, the three basal joints of the antennae, and the legs red
yellowish ; prothorax narrowly but distinctly edged with yellow ;
elytra each with a yellow patch in the posterior part. Head smooth,
vaguely plicate laterally behind ; the last joint of the palpi, instead
of being securiform and truncate at apex, are broadly dilated but
diamond-shaped ; prothorax narrow, only shghtly ampliate laterally,
as broad at the base as at the apex, the basal angle not pronounced
but in a line with the 4th interval of the elytra, deeply, closely, and
somewhat rugosely punctate ; elytra oblong, parallel, finely punctate
striate, intervals plane, very closely punctate, the yellow patch equi-
distant from the centre and apex is sub-quadrate, slightly sloping and
extending on the 3rd to the 6th interval but sometimes extending
partly on the 7th, then the patch is no longer sub-quadrate ; underside
deeply punctate, abdomen smooth except on the sides, which are less
deeply punctate than the pectus.

Distinguished by the shape of the palpi and also by the yellow
border of the prothorax, which is slightly less ampliate laterally in
the male than in the other species of the group ; the elytra are parallel
laterally.

Length, 12 mm. ; width, 4 mm.

Locality.—Southern Rhodesia (Umtal).

Chlaenius marleyr sp. n.

Bluish green on the head and thorax, darker blue on the elytra,
very briefly pubescent above ; only the first basal joint of the antennae
red ; palpi somewhat infuscate, legs reddish yellow; elytra each with
a yellow patch in the posterior part. Head as in the preceding species,
palpi of the same shape; prothorax longer than broad, ampliate
laterally in the middle but distinctly narrower past the median part
than in the anterior, and even slightly sinuate towards the base,
which is slightly wider than the apex, with the basal angle made more
prominent by the lateral sinuation and in a line with the 4th stria
of the elytra, very closely, deeply, and somewhat rugosely punctate,
the outer margin concolorous; elytra oblong but slightly ampliated
past the middle, finely striate punctate, with the intervals distinctly
convex (g) and very closely punctate, the yellow patch is ovate, and
extends on the 3rd to the 6th interval; underside as in previous species.

This species, which, like C. dissidens, is easily recognised by the

592 Annals of the South African Museum.

diamond-shaped ultimate joint of the palpi, differs also from the
above named by the shape of the prothorax, which, instead of being
almost sub-cylindrical, is, if not strongly sinuate, at least narrower
in the posterior than in the anterior part. The elytra are also less
parallel.

Length, 10 mm. ; width, 32 mm.

Locality.—Natal (Durban, H. W. Bell-Marley).

Chlaenius bohemant Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 496.

Locality.—Transvaal (Rustenburg, Lydenburg) ; Southern Rhodesia

(Umtali).
Chlaenius fasciger Chaud.

Desers Cait. 0.12905) ple santas
Locality.—Free State (Bothaville) ; 8. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Chlaenius fenestratus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 496.

In my Descriptive Catalogue I described this species as a variety
of C. bohemani Chaud., but now that I have examined more material
of both sexes, I find that Chaudoir was right in considering it as
a species different from the latter.

The prothorax is broader, the last jomt of the palpi are not as
broadly securiform in either sex; the yellow patch on the elytra is
much less ovate and extends from the 3rd to the 8th interval, and
is longer on the 5th than on the others. The three basal joints of
antennae are red instead of the basal one only, as in C. bohemani.

Length, 12-124 mm. ; width, 4-4% mm.

Locality.—Natal (Kranzkop, Malvern); Transvaal (Lydenburg) ;
S. Rhodesia (Salisbury) ; Mozambique (Lourenco Marquez, Beira).

Chlaenius cribellatus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 497.

Very closely allied to the preceding species ; the shape of the pro-
thorax is nearly the same but slightly broader, so that it is as long as
broad ; the colour of the elytra is black and opaque instead of metallic
green or blue, and they are a little broader, the yellow patch is the
same, the very closely aciculate the intervals are plane (3) instead

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 593

of being somewhat convex; and only the first two joints of the
antennae are reddish instead of the three.

Length, 12 mm.; width, 5 mm.

Originally described from Lake N’Gami. [ consider as being this
species a S from the Transvaal (Shilouvane).

Chlaenius ovambo Per.
Descr, Cat., p. 499.

Locality.—Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury, Plumtree).

Chlaenvus perspicillaris Erichs.
Descr. Cat., p. 497.

Locality.—Cape (Mossel Bay, Uitenhage, Douglas, Prieska, Hope-
town, Kimberley, Griquatown, Bechuanaland) ; Transvaal (Platrivier
in Waterberg, Grimm’s Mine in Lydenburg) ; 8. Rhodesia (Bulawayo,
Salisbury) ; Damaraland (Tsumeb, Grootfontein); also Angola and
Somaliland.

Chlaenius conformis De}.

Suppl. Descr. Cat., 1898, p. 353, pl. x1, f. 7.

Locality.—Natal (Durban) ; Senna in Mozambique.

Chlaenvus capensis Gory.
Descr. Cat., p. 514.
Locality.—Cape (Port Elizabeth, Uitenhage, Graham’s Town,

Willowmore); Natal (Durban); Transvaal (Pretoria, Lydenburg) ;
Bechuanaland (Enkoken) ; Mozambique (Beira and Rikatla).

Chlaenius vitticollis Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 499.

Locality.—Orange Free State (Smithfield); Transvaal (Pretoria,
Lydenburg) ; 8. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Chlaenwus pulchellus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 500.
C. fraternus merges so often in C. pulchellus that it must be con-

sidered as only a variety.
VO Xexin, PARW 3. | 39

594 Annals of the South African Museum.

Locality.—Natal (Durban); 8. Rhodesia (Salisbury, Arcturus) ;
Bindura, Plumtree, Matoppos; Transvaal (Strydpoort, Pietersburg,
Lydenburg, Pretoria) ; N. Rhodesia (Pemba).

Chlaenius fulvicollis Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 498.

Syn: C. mimus Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 499.

C. mumus is only a variety of C. fulvicollis, in which the yellow
markings of the elytra are not very apparent.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage, Graham’s Town) ; Transvaal (Pretoria,
Roodeplaats); 8. Rhodesia (Umtali, Ungusan on Kokwe River) ;
Mozambique (Beira).

Chlaenrus verecundus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p.501, pl. x, f. 5.

Locality.—Transvaal (Pretoria, Woodbush Villa in Zontpansberg) ;
S. Rhodesia (Salisbury, Umtali).

In this species the yellow markings are very variable. Thus in an
example from 8. Rhodesia (Salisbury) (Q), and in another from Durban
(3), a somewhat larger specimen, the discoidal patches are altogether
absent. In an example (2) from Delagoa (Rikatla) this patch, and
also the apical one, are so faint as to escape detection, while in another
example ($) from the same locality there are no traces whatever of
yellow markings. It is this variety which I considered at first to
be identical with C. notidiceps Dej., which is smaller, less ampliated
behind in the 9, and has not been recorded hitherto but from the
western part of the Cape of Good Hope.

Chlaenius enonensis Per.
Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 353.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Chlaenius wnfersus sp. n.

Head and prothorax very dark green, labrum, antennae, and legs
rufescent, last joint of palpi only slightly dilated at apex, more
cylindrical there than the other species of the group; head aciculate

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 595

but impunctate in the centre ; prothorax gradually ampliate laterally
but only very slightly sinuate towards the base, where it is also only
very slightly wider than at the apex, the posterior angle in a line
with the 5th stria of elytra, length nearly equal to the width, closely
and deeply punctured and clothed like the elytra with a dense, flavous
pubescence; elytra parallel ($), narrowly striate, the intervals plane
but slightly convex in the anterior part, and very closely and some-
what roughly punctate; anterior tibiae ($) with a very small basal
tooth underneath, underside with the normal sculpture.

Length, 12 mm.; width, 44 mm.

While the shape of the palpi approximate more to that of the
second group of the genus, the general facies and that of the pro-
thorax is more that of the C. communimacula and nitidiceps group.

Locality.—Cape Colony (Hanover).

Chlaenius zanzibaricus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 491, pl. x, fig. 1.

Locality.—Mozambique (Beira).

Chlaenius lugens Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 492.

Locality.—Zanzibar, Madagascar, Angola.

Chlaenius quadrisignatus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 501.
Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Plumtree, Salisbury, Umtali); Mozam-
bique (Beira).
Some examples from the above localities are of larger size than the
type. It is probably to similar ones from Mamboia that Bates pro-
posed the name of C. mamboranus.

Chlaenius signatus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 502.

Locality.—Transvaal (Pietersburg, Leydsdorp); 8S. Rhodesia
(Umtali, Plumtree, Umvuma).

Chlaenius modestus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 508.

Locality.—Cape (Kimberley); Free State (Hoopstad); Natal
(Kranz Kloof).

596 Annals of the South African Museum.

Chlaenvus cribricollis De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 505.

Locality.—Cape (Beaufort West, Willowmore, Uitenhage); S.
Rhodesia (Sebakwe, Salisbury, Umtali) ; Mozambique (Beira).

Chlaenius sumulatus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 506.
Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage).

Chlaenius coscinioderus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 504.
Locality.—Cape (Port Elizabeth).

Chlaenius notabilis Lafert.
Descr. Cat., p. 503.
Locality.—Free State (Bothaville).

Chlaenius commistus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 503.

Locality.—Free State (Bothaville); Transvaal (Pretoria, Water-
berg); S. Rhodesia (Khami) ; Mozambique (Lourenco Marquez).

Chlaenius tenuicollis Fabr.
Descr. Cat., p. 508.

Locality.—Cape (Port Elizabeth, Graham’s Town, Uitenhage).

Chlaenwus angustatus De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 509.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Matoppos) ; Mozambique (Beira).
Recorded also from Zanzibar and Pemba Island.

Chlaentus solwagus sp. n.

An extremely close ally to C. angustatus Dej. The colour is the
same, the narrow elongated thorax also, but the intervals of the
elytra are altogether plane even at the base (); the lateral yellow
margin is a little broader and the apical one distinctly so.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 597

Length, 10-11 mm.; width, 45 mm.
Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Kokwe River, Umtali); Mozambique
(Beira).

Chlaenius cylindricollis De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 509.

Locality.—Cape (Zululand, M’fongosi) ; Transvaal (Pretoria, Lyden-
burg, Johannesburg, Great Letaba); Bechuanaland (Enkoken) ;
S. Rhodesia (Salisbury, Kokwe River); Mozambique (Beira).

Recorded from Pemba Island (Zanzibar).

Chlaeniwus laetus Fabr.
Descr. Cat., p. 511.

Locality.—Cape (Prieska, Port Elizabeth, Uitenhage, Graham’s
Town).

Chlaenius comes Peér.
Descr. Cat., p. 512.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Chlaenius levicollis sp. n.

Head and prothorax red, shining, elytra black with a faint cyaneous
tinge, and the outer marginal interval dark green; antennae, palpi,
and legs red; head non-aciculate, prothorax ampliate rounded
laterally, slightly narrowed towards the base, but broad, not sinuate,
and as broad as long, with the basal angles in a line with the 6th stria,
disk without any puncture ; elytra elongate, oblong, narrowly punctate
striate, the intervals highly costate.

In general appearance and livery it much resembles C. comes, but
the antennae and legs are red instead of fuscous black, the supra
marginal interval is greenish instead of dull black, and the prothorax
is quite impunctate.

Length, 16 mm. ; width, 6 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Chlaenius cyanipennis Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 512.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage).

598 Annals of the South African Museum.

Chlaenius bipustulatus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 498.

Locality.—Cape (Bedford); Transvaal (Johannesburg, Pretoria,
Lydenburg); Free State (Smithfield, Bothaville); S. Rhodesia
(Sebakwe, Victoria, Salisbury); Mozambique (Inhambane); N.-H.
Damaraland.

It is recorded also from Abyssinia and Zanzibar.

Chlaenvus controversus sp. n.

In shape, size, and colour it is like C. bepustulatus Boh., but it
differs in the following characters: the punctures on the prothorax
are deeper, and equally spread on the disk, while in C. bipustulatus the
median part is almost impunctate from the interior part to the fore
point of the discoidal sulci; the intervals on the elytra are quite
plane from about a fifth of the length to the apex (¢), whereas in
bipustulatus (2) they are raised, slightly convex, and more distinctly
shagreened than in C. controversus, the posterior yellow patch instead
of being sub-quadrate extends from the 3rd stria to the 8th, and is
continued there and merges into an apical marginal moderately broad
band, thus forming a conspicuous crescent-shaped band somewhat
similar to that of C. conformis, which is, however, plainly distinct
from C. controversus.

Length, 14 mm. ; width, 6 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Macloutsi River) ; Mozambique (Beira).

In general appearance and livery this species may have been mis-
taken for C. conformis, ranging from Senegal to Natal.

Chlaenius simplex Wied.
Descr. Cat., p. 507.

Locality.—Natal (Howick).

Chlaenius robustus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 512.
Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Chlaenius validicornis Boh.

Descr. Cat., p. 516.
Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Plumtree, Salisbury, Insiza).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 599

Chlaenius mashunus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 516.
Syn : C. pronus Peér., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. ii, 1904, p. 185.

Dark bronze-green with the elytra darker, briefly pubescent, both
the prothorax and elytra with a blue marginal sheen, the latter with
an apical narrow yellow margin ; palpi, antennae, and legs flavescent ;
head strongly and closely punctate; prothorax nearly sub-parallel,
broader at base than at apex, with the basal angle in line with the
7th stria of the elytra, very deeply and very closely punctate ; elytra
very little broader than the base of the prothorax, oblong, narrowly
punctate, striate with the intervals only moderately plane and covered
with deep, contiguous moderately fine punctures.

The shape of the prothorax approximates that of the natalensis
piceus group, but the elytra are more oblong.

Length, 10-104 mm. ; width, 5-54 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury, Umtali).

Chlaenius dussaultt Dul.
Descr. Cat., p. 515.

Locality.—Transvaal (Pienaar’s River, Fountaingrove, Wonder-
boom in Pretoria, Marico, Zoutpansberg) ; S. Rhodesia (Insiza, Enkel-
doorn, Salisbury).

Chlaenius capicola Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 512.

Syn: C. mendax Chaud.
Deser. Cat., p. 513.

Syn: C. lacustris, Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 513.

The examples from the north-eastern parts of the South African area
are more brilliant green than those occurring in the south-western,
and also occasionally larger (mendax). C. lacustris, of which I have
a co-type given me by the Genoa Museum, cannot be separated from
C. capicola; the straightness of the pronotum of C. lacustris varies
in examples from the same locality.

600 Annals of the South African Museum.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage, Bedford) ; Natal (Durban); Zululand
(M’fongosi) ; S. Rhodesia (Saw Mills, Queque, Kokwe River, Salisbury,
Umtali) ; Mozambique (Rikatla, Beira).

Chlaenius superstes sp. n.

Allied to C. marginapennis, but larger and with the whole disk of
the prothorax deeply and very closely punctured.

Olive metallic green with the head and prothorax brighter green
above, underside cyaneous, legs, palpi, antennae, and labrum yellow,
a yellow band extending in the outer margin and the last interval,
and from the shoulder to about a third of the length covering also
the 8th; in the posterior part the apices of the 6th, 7th, and 8th
intervals are yellow; upper side very briefly pubescent; head and
prothorax as in C. senegalensis, but both are very closely punctured
all over, and the edge of the outer margin is flavescent; the
oblong elytra are finely punctate striate, with the intervals slightly
convex in the male, planer in the female, and very closely aciculate
punctate.

Length, 144-15 mm.; width, 6-7 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Sebakwe, Salisbury).

Chlaenius costupenms Boh,
Descr. Cat., p. 515.

Locality.—Transvaal (Lydenburg).

Chlaenius senegalensis De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 513.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Insiza, Bulawayo, Plumtree).

Chlaenius cham Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 518, pl. x, f. 4.
I have seen an example from Natal the upper part of which is

wholly bright bronze.
Locality.—Natal (Harding) ; Mozambique (Beira).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera).. 601

Chlaenius aculeatus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 518.

This species may prove to be a diminutive example of C. natalensis.
Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage).

Chlaenius dichrous Wied.
Descr. Cat.; p. 517.
Locality.—Cape (Port Elizabeth).

Chlaenvus poceus Chaud.
Descer. Cat., p. 517.
Locality.—Cape (Graham’s Town, Uitenhage).

Chlaenius dohrni Bert.
Descr. Cat., p. 493.

Recorded also from the island of Zanzibar, Dar-es-Salaam, White
Nile, and Nubia.

Gen. EctENoGNATHUS Murr.
Deser. Cat., p. 521.

Ectenognathus dispar Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 521.

Locality.—Zambesi River.

Gen. UMTALIUS gen. n.

I propose this genus for a singular form of Chlaenud, which I
described as a Chlaenwus (C. epigraphidus), not only on account of its
singular livery, which greatly resembles that of the species of the
Panagaeid genus Hpigraphus, but also because of the shape of the
labial palpi, which are very broadly bell-shaped, and not obliquely
truncate, while the maxillary are cylindrical. Although the two
examples I examined are females, it will probably be found that the
three basal joints of the tarsi are not dilated in the male.

Umtalius epigraphidus Per.
Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 355, pl. x1, f. 9.

602 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. PARACHLAENIUS Kobb.
Suppl. Deser. Cat., p. 356.

Parachlaenius pretorvanus n. sp.

Chestnut brown, with the tarsi somewhat darker; head finely
aciculate, and plicate longitudinally above the eyes, but the central
frontal part is smooth ; prothorax as broad as long, slightly arcuate
outwardly from the projecting apex to about the middle, and inwardly
thence to the sharp basal angle; it bears a few very scattered punctures,
the outer margin is sharply reflexed, the basal impressions of the disk
are very plane, and the median longitudinal suleus plane, elytra
paralleled with the humeral angles rounded, hardly convex except in
the posterior part, finely striate punctate with the intervals plane,
very closely aciculate, and densely pubescent, the pubescence erect ;
underside closely punctate and pubescent ; legs also pubescent.

This species differs from P. sengularzs, which is a much larger species,
by the finer and more closely set punctures in the intervals of the
elytra, as well as by the coloration.

Length, 14 mm.; width, 5 mm.

Locality.—Transvaal (Pretoria).

Gen. RHoPALOMELUS Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 569.
Suppl. Descer. Cat., p. 356.

Rhopalomelus angusticollis Boh.
Descry Catia op) O09) plesxgaie. 0

Locality.—Transvaal (Louis Trichardt) ; 8. Rhodesia (Bulawayo).

Gen. CALLISTOMIMUS Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 522.

Key to the Species.

A?. Head dark blue or metallic green.

B*. The transverse yellow patches on the elytra not connected with the outer
margin.

C?. Elytra with an anterior and posterior patch on each side; basal joints of
antennae black sr eGaahe ; : : , . quadripustulatus

(Or

BL

Ore

e*:

C2

Ce

At,
Be
B?.

Bt.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 608

Elytra with an anterior and posterior patch, and a median and apical juxta-
sutural spots on each side; the two basal joints of antennae flavescent
amoenus
Anterior lateral band on the elytra connected with the outer margin; the
three basal joints of antennae flavescent.
Base of prothorax deeply incised below the posterior angle; elytra with a
rounded sutural patch at the apex, besides the two lateral ones

sexpustulatus
Anterior lateral patch connected along the margin with the humeral angle,
posterior one small, an apical sutural patch ; A ; elegans

Anterior lateral patch much more sinuate than the posterior one, and both
connected with the suture; each elytron has besides a post-median
juxta-sutural dot and a small apical sutural patch : : . caffer

Outer margin of the elytra narrowly flavescent, anterior lateral margin hardly
sinuate, juxta-sutural dot wanting, or nearly so, postical patch hardly

noticeable : ; ‘ ; : : 4 : gratus
Head and prothorax fed
Elytra with nine small yellowish dots on each side . : . wmsuetus

Elytra with one juxta-sutural post-median spot, a lateral sinuate band
reaching from near the suture to the outer margin, and two dots on the
posterior part of the 3rd interval : ; ; ; guittatus

Elytra with greenish longitudinal markings along ae first seven intervals,
and a transverse, somewhat zigzagged post-median somewhat evanescent
band : : : ‘ 2 ; ‘ : ; : placeus

Callistomimus amoenus Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 524.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage) ; Free State (Bothaville).

Callistomamus sexpustulatus Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 524.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Callistomimus elegans Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 525.

Locality.—Free State (Vredeford Road) ; 8S. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Callistomimus caffer Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 525.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Plumtree).

604 Annals of the South African Museum.

Group OoIpINI.
Descr. Cat., p. 527.

Key to the Genera.

A®. Head with one seta over the eye. Penultimate joint of labial palpi glabrous.

B*. Labrum with three setae in the anterior margin ‘ . Systolocranius
Bt. Labrum with six setae in the anterior margin . ‘ : 3 Oodes
A". Head with two setae over the eyes. Penultimate joint of the labial palpi

with two setae. Labrum with six setae : , : . Melanodes

Gen. SysToLocRANIuS Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 527.

Systolocranius ampliolatus sp. n.

Black, shiny above on the underside; the palpi and antennae piceous,
joints 4-11 fulvo pubescent; head and prothorax impunctate and
similar in shape to that of S. validus; the elytra instead of being
parallel as in the above-mentioned species are gradually ampliated
laterally from near the base to the third part of the length, where
they are one-fifth wider than at the base; they are finely punctate
striate, with the Ist to the 3rd intervals nearly plane, and the others
gradually tectiform, especially in the posterior part; there is only
one distinct puncture on the 3rd interval half-way between the middle
and apex, and not in a line with the puncture on the opposite side ;
underside sub-iridescent.

Closely allied to S. goryz Laf. from Senegambia, and recorded also
from Uganda, Guinea, and erroneously from the Cape. The lateral
attenuation of the prothorax begins from the median part, and is
therefore more noticeable than in S. gory; the lateral post-humeral
sinuation of the elytra is very distinct, whereas in S. gory there is
none, and in the latter the striae are more distinctly punctate and
the intervals more convex or more sharply costate, even in the female.
Moreover, there are two punctures on the 3rd interval in S. goryz, and
only a posterior one in S. ampliolatus. In general appearance this
species greatly resembles Chlaenius cham, but can be at once distin-
guished by the absence of the puncture on the outer angle of the
base of the prothorax.

Length, 20-22 mm. ; width, 8 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali) ; Mozambique (Beira).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 605

Systolocranivus validus Klug.
Descr. Cat., p. 528.

Locality.—Cape (Transkei); Natal (Kranzkop, Durban); Hast
Africa (Luippoldkette, Tabora).

Gen. OopEs Bon.
Descr. Cat., p. 529.

A?. Prosternum produced in a short aculeate process.
B?. Prothorax with a distinct supra-basal impression on each side.
C2. Upper side black. Two punctures on 3rd interval.

a*. Body ampliate behind . ; : ‘ ; . conspicuus
a. Body elongate, elytra sub- seitantel:
b?. Body and legs black, size large ‘ ; senegalensis
61. Margin of prothorax and legs piceous red, size crnalee . natalensis
C1. Upper side bronze green : : : ; , . sumilatus
B!. Prothorax with no distinct supra- bene! impression.
C*. Body large, no puncture on 3rd interval . ; : ; . . lenis
Ct. Body small, two punctures on 3rd interval i . palpalis, nanus

Al. Prosternum produced in a long spine. No distinct supra-basal impression.
B®. Striae of elytra distinct, 6th stria not curving inwards near the base

levicollis
B®. Striae of elytra very fine, 6th stria curving plainly inwards near the base

angolensis
Bt. Striae of elytra evanescent or obliterated, except the juxta-sutural

substriatus
Oodes conspicuus Pér.

Descr. Cat., p. 530.

Locality.—Natal (Durban); Transvaal (Nylstr6m, Barberton,
Zoutpansberg)..

Oodes senegalensis De}.
Dec eps On.

Differs mainly from O. natalensis by its much broader size, it being
twice the width of the other ; the prothorax is therefore proportionally
less attenuate in the anterior part, and more distinctly wider at apex
than the base, and the basal impressions are not so clearly line-like ;
the elytra have the same shape, and, being wider, the punctation of
the striae is more conspicuous, and the six striae on each side are
equally complete ; the underside and legs are denser black in all my
examples ($3), and the former less iridescent than in O. natalensis.

Length, 10-12 mm. ; width, 54-6 mm.

Locality.—Natal (Malvern, Durban); S. Rhodesia (Salisbury,
Umtali).

606 Annals of the South African Museum.

Oodes Sivan Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 531.

Locality.—Transvaal (Parys) ; 8. Rhodesia (Bulawayo, Salisbury).

Oodes substriatus.
Descr. Cat., p. 533.

Locality.—Transvaal (Shilouvane) ; 8. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Gen. MELANoDES, Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 553.

The insects included in this genus have a superficial resemblance
to that of some species of Abacetus of the tribe Feronium, and
likewise they have two supra-orbital setae, thus differing from the
Chlaenint and Oodini, but they are, however, separated by several
distinct characters, such as the position of the 2nd antennal joint,
which is set in the axis of the basal joint instead of the outer part,
the shape of the joints of the anterior tarsi of the male, etc.

The South African species are very closely allied to each other, and
only distinguishable by comparison.

Key to the Species.

A?. Pronotum with the posterior angles acute 5 : : intermedius
B*. Lateral sinuation from middle to base slight . aE TT . ebeninus
B'. Lateral sinuation from middle to base pronounced.

C2. Basal angle of pronotum in a line with the 6th stria of elytra rectangulus
Ct. Basal angle of pronotum in a line with the 7th stria : . proximus
A}, Pronotum with the hind angles blunt and rounded . : . aberrans

Melanodes ebeninus Erichs.
Descr. Cat., p. 534.
Sys WL, vmegiuus Ise, Avian, S, Abe, Mls. Wol. W%, 1908, p. 289.

The difference between M. incertus, described from one example,
and M. ebeninus does not seem to me now to be such as to consider
the two as distinct species.

Locality.—Natal (Durban).

Melanodes rectangulus Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 534.

Syn: M. pugnator Pér., Descr. Cat. Suppl., p. 358.
Locality.—Natal (Howick, Durban) ; 8. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 607

Melanodes proximus sp. n.

Shiny black with a slight iridescence, antennae and legs dark
piceous ; easily recognised from the other South African species by the
size of the pronotum, which is broader than long, distinctly attenuate,
rounded in the first anterior part, but is very much less so from below
the centre to the sharp basal angle ; the lateral fold above the sulcus
is slightly broader behind than in the other species, somewhat in the
manner of some species of Abacetus ; the elytra are wider in proportion
to the width of the pronotum, and have the usual structure of the
other species of the genus. Underside iridescent ; pectus closely and
somewhat deeply punctate. One female.

Length, 12 mm. ; width, 5 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

TrinE DITOMINI.

Antennae inserted under a frontal ridge; frons with one supra-
orbital seta; pronotum with one seta anteriorly, or none, cordiform
or elongate cordate; body pedunculate ; elytra depressed, occasion-
ally pubescent, normally rounded at apex; legs moderately robust ;
anterior tibiae deeply incised, the spurs very distant from each other ;
tarsi simple in both sexes.

This tribe has never been considered to be homogeneous. Thus
Coscinia, which I removed from it, has two supra-orbital setae, and
Melaenus, one of the three genera I include, Bascanus, and its close
ally Bascanidius, differ in facies from Melaenus, and while they both
have only one supra-orbital seta, there seems to be none on the pro-
notum and only one in Melaenus. Bascanus and Bascanidius seem
to be restricted to the Cape. Melaenus occurs in Senegambia, and has
not been hitherto recorded from Central Africa.

Key to the Genera.

A?. Antennae long, 4 basal joints glabrous . : : . Melaenus

Al. Antennae moderately long, joints thick, all Pfeatie except the basal one
pubescent.

B?. Mandibles long, porrect, labrum elongate ; : . Bascanus

B!. Mandibles short, not porrect, labrum very short, ace aie emarginate
Bascanidius
Gen. MreLaEnus De}.
Spec., v, p. 481.
Mentum short, with a simple median tooth as long as the sides, the
latter rounded at tip; ligula obtuse, slightly shorter than the para-

608 Annals of the South African Museum.

glossae ; apical labial joint ovate, that of the maxillary thickened,
broadly truncate at tip; antennae very long, somewhat slender, the
4 basal joints glabrous, the others four times as long as broad ; maxillae
robust, arcuate, labrum moderately long, transverse, head with a very
distinct supra-orbital ridge and one supra-orbital seta set in front of
the eye; prothorax cupuliform, much constricted at the base, and
with one seta at the fifth part of the length; body pedunculate,
scutellum distinct, elytra parallel, normally rounded body behind,
quite depressed, epiplural fold very broad at the base ; legs moderately
robust ; tarsisomewhat long, ciliate beneath, claw large, simple.

Melaenus elegans De}.
Spec., v, p. 481.

Lacordaire’s Genera, pl. vi, f. 2.

Black, opaque, palps piceous brown, legs piceous; antennae long,
the 4 basal joints glabrous, piceous, the others clothed with a dense
flavescent pubescence ; head deeply and coarsely pitted, neck distinct,
eyes projecting, with a long conspicuous ridge; pronotum broadly
cordiform, almost cupulate, strongly narrowed at the base, where
the angle is sharp and sometimes bi-denticulate, the outer margin
acute, depressed on the disk, deeply and coarsely and moderately
closely pitted, but less so in the vicinity of the deep, distinct median
longitudinal line; scutellum small; body pedunculate; elytra with
a distinct angular on each side of body, the peduncle, which makes
the shoulder sloping, parallel for two-thirds of the length, gradually
rounded thence, much depressed, deeply striate, the striae very
strongly and closely seriate punctate ; the supra-lateral intervals are
slightly convex, and the lateral carinate; pectus very deeply and
somewhat closely punctate; legs smooth, glabrous; tarsi thickly
ciliate underneath.

Length, 7-84 mm. ; width, 33-4 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

I can see no difference whatever with the Rhodesian example and
those from Upper Senegal.

Gen. Bascanus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 540.

In my description of this genus I indicated the last joint of maxillary
and labial palpi as long and very fusiform ; these joints, remarkable,

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 609

as well as the penultimate ones, for their great length, are fusiform
outwardly only, the inner part being very obliquely truncate in both
sexes for about half their length, but not quite securiform ; there is
one supra-orbital seta set at the back of the eye, and I cannot detect
any on the pronotal outer margin.

BASCANIDIUS gen. n.

This genus differs from Bascanus in the shorter mandibles, the
very short and broadly incised labrum, the less slender pronotum
and the more parallel elytra. The last palpal joints are a little more
tobust and a little more obliquely truncate inwardly (3).

Bascanidius dissidens Pér.

Bascanus dissidens Pér., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. v, 1905, p. 290.

Trise LICININI.
Descr. Cat., p. 525.

Characteristic of the Licinidae, as represented in South Africa, are
the brevity of the clypeus, the long, deeply cleft labrum, and the shape
of the mandibles, which are usually blunt at apex on one side and
sometimes on both, when they are deeply scooped inwardly; the
maxillae are armed with sharp robust spines. There are two supra-
orbital setae—a lateral nearly median one on the pronotum, and a
puncture, occasionally very indistinct, at the posterior angle of the
latter; there is a puncture on the 3rd interval of elytra; in the
male the 3 first joints of the anterior tarsi are spongy underneath,
the 2 basal joints being triangularly dilated, but the 3rd is occa-
sionally slightly transverse. The palaearctic genus Licinus has not
to my knowledge been met with in the Ethiopian Region.

Key to the Genera.

A*. A lateral seta on the pronotum and a distinct puncture at the basal angle.
Last joint of palpi slightly fusiform but truncately obtuse at tip Rhembus
Al. A lateral seta on the pronotum, no distinct puncture at the basal angle.
Last joint of palpi fusiform and sharply acuminate at tip. Antennae very

long.
B?. Mandibles short, curved, blunt at tip é : as ; Badister
Bt. Mandibles straight, both scooped inwardly at tip ; ; ; Atrotus

VOL. XXIII, PART 3. 40

610 Annals of the South African Museum

Gen. RuEmBus Lah.
Deser. Cat., p. 536.

In my description (loc. cet.) I have erroneously stated that there are
two lateral setae on the pronotum ; the basal seta is wanting in the
only two examples I have as yet seen, but the puncture is fairly
distinct.

Gen. BADISTER Clairv.
Descr. Cat., p. 536.

Badister promontorii Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 536.

I am not sure that the locality, Zambesi, ascribed to this species
is valid.

Gen. Atrotus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 583.

Atrotus forcupatus Pér,
Descr. Cat., p. 583.

Locality.—Cape (Cape Town, Stellenbosch).

Atrotus luror sp. n.

Body flavescent, but darker in the median dorsal part, slightly
iridescent. Closely allied to A. forcipatus, and might at first sight
be considered as an immature form of the latter, but it is smaller,
and the shape of the pronotum is slightly different, being also ampliate
rounded laterally, but slightly more towards the median part than in
A. forcipatus, and although this difference is slight, yet the pronotum
is less obliquely attenuate laterally towards the posterior angle, and
the base is about the same width as the apex; the elytra are fairly
deeply striate with the intervals slightly convex, 3rd interval with
a slightly ante-median puncture. |

Length, 54 mm.; width, 25 mm.

Locality.—Natal (Malvern).

I have seen only one example.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 611

TrinE MASORKEINI.
Descr. Cat., p. 542.

Key to the Genera.

A?. Mentum without a median tooth. Apical part of prosternum without hairs.
B*, Body sub-pedunculate . : : : : ; . Aephnidius
Bt. Prothorax fitting against the ote ; j : z . Anaulacus
Al. Mentum with a median tooth.

B?2. Claws not denticulate. Antennae moderately long. Joints not transverse.

Apical part of prosternum with a fascicle of hairs . ; . Somoplatus
B1. Claws weakly denticulate. Antennae very short. Joints 5-10 transverse.
Apical part of prosternum without a fascicle of hairs. . Muicrous

Gen. AEPuNIDIUS Macleay.

Aephmdius madagascariensis Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 542.

Locality.—Natal (Malvern); Transvaal (Johannesburg); 8. Rho-
desia (Salisbury); Mozambique (Beira, Licitinia); Mossamedes
(Mossame).

Gen. ANAuLAcUS MacLeay.

Descr. Cat., p. 543.

Anaulacus carinipennis sp. n.

Rusty red, with the elytra sub-piceous silky and opaque; the
shape and sculpture of the head and pronotum are as in A. capensis,
but the pronotum is slightly broader, also impunctate and moderately
shiny ; the elytra are likewise slightly broader, not striate, the suture
is carinulate, and at a short distance from it is a highly carinate dorsal
ridge, beginning at a distance from the base and reaching to about the
same distance from the apex as it does from the base, and another
and very much shorter in the median part.

Length, 5 mm.; width, 3 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Port Elizabeth).

Anaulacus pallidus sp. n.

Flavescent, with the prothorax slightly brick-red, a little more
robust than the preceding species, but the shape and sculpture of the
head and prothorax are alike; in the elytra, however, the suture is more
highly carinate ; the first dorsal carina is not as acute asin A. carin-
pennis, and reaches the base ; the second one is only feebly indicated

612 Annals of the South African Museum.

and more pronounced from the base to about the median part, but
disappears beyond it, and there are traces of a very faint striate on
each side of the median carina.

I have seen so far one example only of A. carinipennis and A. pallidus,
but I am satisfied that the latter is not an immature example of the
former.

Length, 5mm. ; width, 34 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Cape Town).

Gen. SomopLatus De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 543.

Somoplatus substriatus De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 544.

Locality.—Cape (Port Alfred, Vryburg); Free State (Bothaville) ;
Transvaal (Pietersburg).

Gen. Microus Chaud.
Bull. Soc. Imp. Mosce., 1876, p. 8.

Buccal organs of Somoplatus, and likewise with a tooth in the
mentum, but at once differentiated from all the South African species
of Masoreini by the great brevity of the antennae, which do not reach
the base of the pronotum, and the monilitorm shape of the inter-
mediate joints—the second is globular and shorter than the third ;
the general facies is short, quite ovate; the fore tibiae are pluri-
spinose outwardly, and slightly emarginate after the second outer
spine; the mandibles are flat; the short head is deeply set in the
pronotum, which is short and very transverse, and plainly arcuate on
each side of the base, and having a very weak median longitudinal
impressed line; the elytra are more ovate than in Anaulacus, the
suture is tectiform, the striae are very indistinct, but some seriate
punctures are somewhat visible along the marginal fold; the apical
part is not truncate; prosternum rounded and not hairy in front,
wedge-shaped behind.

Microus mocqueryst Chaud.
Bull. Soc. Imp. Mosc., 1876, p. 9.
Rev. and Mag. Zool., 1878, p. 146.

Antennae, palpi, mandibles, labrum, legs, and underside brownish
red, upper side black, prosternum shiny, elytra sericeous, opaque ;

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 613

head smooth, impunctate, the first setigerous orbital puncture very
conspicuous ; pronotum quite smooth, shiny, with the median line
distinct ; the outer margin narrowly brownish red ; elytra void, fitting
exactly against the pronotum, but deeply impressed on each side of
the scutellum, moderately convex for two-thirds of the length, and
with the suture tectiform for nearly four-fifths of the length ; indis-
tinctly impunctate striate, but with the stria above the marginal fold
more distinctly and visibly punctate ; anterior tibiae with 5-6 outer
spines, the two anterior ones separated by a slight emargination from
the following ones; metasternal episterna longer than wide and very
narrow at apex.

Length, 4-44 mm.

Locality.—Natal (Durban).

This species was first captured at Rouen in France. Rafiray found
it at Pemba Island (Zanzibar). The two examples I examined were
captured at Durban by Dr. H. Martin.

TrinE DISPHAERICINI.

The two genera Spanus and Disphaericus should be placed in a sub-
family of their own, not in the Stomini, in which they were first in-
cluded and with which they agree only relatively, nor in the Pana-
gaenini, where they are placed by Kolbe. With some members of the
first sub-family the only thing they appear to have in common is a
pedunculate thorax. The elongation of the head recalls that of some
Panagaevn, but the difference in the shape of the mandibles, distinctly
toothed in the median part, the clavate fore femora, the fore tibiae
without outer terminal spur or row of spines, and the inner spur very
short and incurved, the series and deposition of deep puncture on the
supra-epipleural interval, the short joints of the fore and intermediate
tarsi, as well as the glabrous body, approximate them to the Ptero-
stichimt rather than to the Panagaewn. There are two supra-orbital
setae.

Key to the Genera.

A*, Last papal joint very broadly triangular ; elytra very highly pluri-costate
Disphaericus
Al. Last palpal joint of an elongate bell-shape ; elytra smooth, non-costate
Spanus

614 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. DISPHAERICUS Waterh.
Descr. Cat., p. 537.

Disphaericus natalicus Westw.
(D. natalensis), Descr. Cat., p. 538.

The description I gave (loc. cit.) was made from a partly mutilated
specimen. The species differs from both S. ebeninus and S. concinnus
in having a supra-lateral impunctate line—like stria obliterated in the
fourth anterior part, the space between this line and the supra-epi-
pleural stria slightly tectiform and overlapping the latter; the shape
of the prothorax is less elongated than in S. concinnus and less
ampliated than in S. ebeninus; the juxta-sutural stria reaches from
base to apex, and the punctures are deeper than in any of the two
above-named species ; the apical puncture is conspicuously large.

Cape (no exact locality).

Gen. SPANUS Westw.
Descr. Cat., p. 537.

Spanus concinnus sp. N.

Smooth, very shiny; antennae, palpi, and legs rufescent ; closely
allied to S. ebenonus Chaud. ; differs mostly in the shape of the pro-
notum, which is one-third longer than broad, and elongate with the
sides straight, whereas in S. ebenanus it is well ampliate, being nearly as
broad as long, and slightly wider across the base than across the apex ;
the shape and sculpture of the elytra are the same, but the juxta-
sutural punctate stria reaches only to the rounding of the posterior
declivity instead of the apex, and there is a conspicuous puncture
close to, but of course outside, the supra-epipleural series of
punctures, which are, however, deeper in S. ebeninus, in which species
the puncture is less distinctly outside the series. Underside smooth,
the setigerous punctures of the abdominal series deep ; intermediate
tarsi nearly as much dilated as the anterior in the male, all densely
spongy underneath, hind ones densely ciliate.

Length, 6 mm. ; width, 2 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Fort Beaufort).

TrisE PTEROSTICHINI.
Deser. Cat., p. 544.

The South African species are included into three groups: Drimo-
stomides, Abacetides, Pterostichides. The first two groups are homo-

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 615

geneous, the third is not, the facies of the species being often strongly
dissimilar ; but in spite of differences in detail there is little doubt that
they all belong to one and the same group, which I have, however,
divided into two sections. The first includes eight genera of a pure
African type, and one the facies of which has some resemblance to
palaearctic forms. It is in the second, however, that this resemblance
is carried to a greater degree of similarity. In my Descriptive Cata-
logue I included a number of species in the genus Pterostichus (olim
Feronia), being, I think, justified by finding in the South African
species many characters which are characteristic of the palaearctic
species. Tschitschérine has, however, proposed a new division of the
South African species, founding some new genera and several sub-
genera. Some of his new genera I have now adopted; the others
I have raised to genera, and I have added two, admitting, however,
that the characters ascribed to most of them are not always of
important generic value; but this arrangement makes identification
easier.

Moreover, there is a very important point in adopting this new
division. So far as we know, none of the forms included in that
Section IT have yet been met with outside South Africa, the Transvaal
being the most northern limit. One species described by Fairmaire
as an Omaseus, a genus well represented in the Palaearctic Region,
O. relexicollos, from Usagara, Central Africa, is pronounced by Tschit-
schérine to be an Abacetus, a genus extremely rich in species in
Africa. This absence of intermediate forms is very striking. If it
proves to be true, it makes it difficult to explain satisfactorily the
retention of general facies and something more in localities so very
remote, except on the hypothesis of convergence to a type or facies
moulded by environment or habit.

The South African species inhabit both plain and mountain. Two
species, C. chalcostoma and C. captatriz, are found in the same locality,
the first in the plain, the other on the mountain slopes from 800 to
1000 feet. Mosuta alticola has been met at an altitude of 8500 feet ;
it is therefore possible that alpine Central African forms of the same
type may still be met, thus bridging the gap.

Drimostomides.

Mentum with a sharp median tooth; antennae short, joint 2 normal, 4-10 sub-
quadrate ; joints of posterior tarsi not sulcate; no scutellary striae. Anterior
tarsi with a few minute spines outwardly . ; j Gen. Stomonaxus

616 Annals of the South African Museum.

Abacetides.

Mentum with a broad triangular median tooth; antennae long, joint 2 set on
the outer side of the axis of the first; 4-10 not quadrate; joints of hind
tarsi long, suleate or not; no scutellary striae . : . Gen. Abacetus

Pterostichides.

Section I.

A?®. Mentum with a median simple tooth.
B?. No scutellary stria. Antennae reaching the base of the prothorax or a little
further.
C?. No setigerous puncture on 3rd interval of elytra. Basal joint of hind tarsi
not longer than the three following. Elytra as broad as the thorax.
a*, Tibiae not grooved inwardly. Anterior tibiae with obsolete spines
except the apical.
6. Prosternal projection not prolonged ; upper oe of abdominal seg-

ments foveolate punctate. : : . Abatirs
61, Prosternal projection prolonged, oieuted: upper edge of abdominal
segments not foveolate punctate . ; ; : Cyrtomoscelis

a. Tibiae grooved inwardly. Anterior tibiae distinctly spinose out-
wardly. Basal joint of hind tarsi grooved.
6*. Body elongate oblong, upper edge of the four abdominal segments not

foveolate punctate : : ; : : : . Berea
61. Body broadly oblong; upper edge of ce four abdominal segments
foveolate punctate ; : : : : é : Inkosa

Ct. A setigerous puncture on the 3rd interval of elytra.
a*, Body somewhat broad and short; elytra with an apical rufescent

patch : ; : ; : Celioschesis
a+, Body almost navicular ; Hen sah readin posterior patches; no
puncture on 3rd interval. ‘ : ; : . Metaxys

Bt. A scutellary stria.
C*. Body broad, depressed ; antennae very short . : : Rhathymnus
Ct. Antennae reaching beyond the shoulders . : ; ; 5 EHxocus
Al, Mentum without median tooth. A scutellary stria . : ‘ Atimus

Section II.

A?. Mentum with a bifid tooth.

B*, Metasternal projection glabrous ; the first four joints of anterior tarsi dilated
in the male ; tibiae not canaliculate. Episterna somewhat broad and not
much signpated. First stria of elytra Gyereing at the base, a more or less
distinct scutellary striole.

C*, Body black, shiny, elytra moderately convex.

a*, Pronotum rounded laterally behind, not as broad at base as at apex ;
shoulders rounded. |

b*. Intermediate tibiae incurved in both sexes, broadly flattened at apex
in the male; the three basal segments of abdomen with a transverse
sulcus : : : ; : : : : Camptoscelis

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 617

61. Intermediate tibiae simple; the three basal segments of abdomen
simple except in C. laetans . b : . Cophosomorpha
| a’. Pronotum very slightly sinuate laterally ee but nearly as broad
| at base as at apex; shoulders sharp, even dentate.
62. No strong ridge above the eye . : , : . Sthenocranion
a 61. A strong ridge above the eye . . Barnardia
a*, Pronotum nearly parallel or cranes Sne towards the base but not
sinuate there; 7th interval of elytra not highly raised in anterior
part . : : ‘ ; : : . Macquena
a+, Prothorax sub- eoriatee aiealders slightly rounded. The three apical
segments of Omen with a transverse sulcus at the base Mosuta
Ct. Body black opaque, elytra depressed; pronotum quite straight ; 8th stria
of elytra obliterated ; intervals highly carinate . : . Wahlbergia
Bt. Metasternal projection pluri-setose at apex; the first four joints of anterior
tarsi simple in both sexes. Intervals plane, 7th raised ; elytra depressed
near the base.

C*. Episterna broad . : ; : : ; : 5 . Teratotarsa
Cl. Episterna elongated : : : : ; . Ogmophora
Al, Mentum with a sharp median tooth: alvin metallic, no Bal stria
Chalcochroma
DRIMOSTOMIDES.

Gen. Stomonaxus Motsch.

Drimostoma Pér., nec. De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 556.

In this genus the fore tibiae have two or three more or less distinct
sutural spines in addition to the terminal ; the hind tibiae are grooved
on each side, but have no spine on the upper side.

Key to the Species.
A?, Prothorax a little broader than long, distinctly sinuate laterally in the

posterior part.
B*. Elytra distinctly costate.

C+. Size larger . : ‘ , : : : ; : . laticollis
Cl. Size smaller . : ; : : : ! . natalensis
Bt. Elytra not distinctly costate . : : Spurwus
Al. Prothorax one-third broader than fae not ners erie posterior part

amaroides

Stomonaczus laticollis Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 556.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage, Dunbrody, Transkei, Kentani).

618 Annals of the South African Museum.

Stomonazxus natalensis Pér.

Descr. Cat., p. 556.

I have not obtained any other example of this species than the
type which reproduces on a much lesser scale the form laticollis, but
the intervals are convex, not hardly convex as I stated probably
through a lapse of the pen.

Stomonaxus spurius sp. N.

Chestnut brown with the head darker, and occasionally piceous. It
is very closely allied to S. latecollis, but is a little larger; the shape of
the pronotum is the same, but the intervals of the elytra are not convex
in the discoidal part and not as highly costate laterally ; the punctures
of the striae are also less plain, although in the last-named species
they are not conspicuous, and the antennae are slightly longer.

Length, 74-8 mm. ; width, 34 mm.

Locality.—Natal (Durban, Malvern).

ABACETIDES.

Gen. ABAcETUS De}.
Descr. Cat., p. 545.

In my description of the genus I omitted to mention the peculiar
insertion of the second antennal joint, which is set on the outer axis
instead of the centre of the first, and which is thus a peculiar character-
istic of the group. A second omission is the presence of a setigerous
puncture on the 38rd interval of the elytra, and the absence of a
prescutellary stria or striole. The puncture on the 3rd interval of
elytra is not situated always slightly past the median part; it
may be slightly ante-median (anopinus, evulsus, etc.) or long past the
middle (obtusus); only in one case (shilouvanus) is it completely
absent. I have seen one example only of this species, but it is not
always distinct in certain examples of the same species.

The genus is very poorly represented in the western part of the
Union, where rains are more occasional than in the eastern part,
which is rich in species, and examples are numerous.

A calligraphic error, p. 545 of the Descriptive Catalogue, puts
‘“ Martaban’”’ in South America. The error is of course obvious. The
genus has no representative in America, and it is not certain that true
Abacetus occur in Australia.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 619

Key to the Species.

A?. Prothorax and elytra glabrous.
B3. Intermediate and posterior tarsi trisulcate.
C?. Inner spur of anterior tibiae bi- or trifid.

OF.
a,
Om
GA:
Oe,
bi,
oP,
On,

Striae of elytra punctate . : ‘ 3 . i . palusiris
Striae of elytra impunctate.
Antennae normally slender.

Body larger ; intervals of elytra tectiform . ; . auspicatus
Body smaller ; intervals of elytra less tectiform . : _ mgrinus
Antennae conspicuously thickened.

Base punctate, antennae and legs black. : ; . CYASSICOTNIS
Base impunctate, antennae and legs red _ . : . proximus

Ct. Inner spur of anterior tibiae simple, or very slightly bifid.

a*, Antennal joints of normal thickness.
63. Prothorax cordate ; intervals of elytra raised, tectiform . mashunus
62. Prothorax sub-cordate; intervals of elytra moderately raised on the
disk . : ; . emeritus
bl. Prothorax very little eat Above ae inted Bae
c*, Anterior tibial spur slightly bifid; puncture on 38rd interval of elytra
strong 6 : . é 3 : : 4 vexator
c+, Anterior tibial spur ae puncture on 3rd interval faint
propinquus sp. n. *
a+, Antennal joints thickened.
53. Prothorax cordiform ; intervals of elytra sharply tectiform . lautus
6, Prothorax ampliate rounded laterally, not sinuate past the middle.
Elytra iridescent.
c*, Antennae fuscous, legs black, tarsi fuscous. : : . pavoninus
ci. Antennae red, legs and tarsi red.
d?, Prothorax entirely black . : ; ; : : . dilucidus
c1. Prothorax with a rufescent border. ; : nitens
bt. Prothorax parallel from the median part to the heel aaeie
c?. Sides slightly sinuate behind. Antennae and legs fuscous or black
lucidulus
cl. Sides straight.
d*, Antennae and legs red. : d : parallelicollis
d@. Legs black : : : : : alienus

B?. Tarsi sulcate outwardly only, sometimes very family.
C*. Prothorax sub-cordate, not sinuate laterally behind. Base of prothorax

hardly narrower than apex, legs piceous.

a*, Larger size. : : , : : ; é . servitulus

a.

Smaller size. . . delagoensis

C*. Prothorax cordate, not sties laterally hoa bate narrower than apex,

lessened ame a : ; ; ; ; malvernensis

C?. Prothorax strongly cordate, sinuate Sigtaratty reli Antennal joints other

than the three basal ones black; legs red; elytra iridescent . vertagus

* The full description of this species was not found among the late Dr. Péringuey’s

papers.—| ED. |

620

Ce

Bo
2. Prothorax sub-orbicular, or not sinuate laterally behind. Intervals of elytra

ON,

Annals of the South African Museum.

Prothorax broadly cordate, strongly ampliate anteriorly.

a*. Antennal joints fuscous ; legs piceous ; elytra black . . congruens
a*. Antennal joints all red ; legs red ; elytra black, iridescent . optimus
a. Antennal joints black; legs piceo-aeneous ; elytra dark bronze

diversus

Tarsi not sulcate.

quite plane. Frontal sulci neither deep nor strongly arcuate.
a®. Black, shiny, with a metallic tinge ; basal joint of antennae and legs red.

b*. Basal part of prothorax impunctate . s : : . minutus
c*, Basal angle sharp . , : : ; : . minutus
c'. Basal angle rounded : : : 5 . fraternus
61. Basal part of prothorax punctate. 5 , . perplexus

a*. Black, with a bronze tinge; antennae wholly mee

b?. Legs black; base of prothorax punctate; elytra not transversely
vmnpmeaced on the disk . ‘ 4 ; : agilis

b1. Legs piceous red; base of prothorax eapanehete: Stes transversely
impressed on the disk . : ; 3 . chalceus

a+, Black, shiny ; legs black, tarsi Een yates joints except basal
ones black; base of prothorax punctate ‘ : : concors

Prothorax strongly cordate. Frontal sulci deep and strongly arcuate.

a*, Species non-metallic.

6°. Elytra black ; tarsi rufescent . : ; ; : . metalensis
b*. Elytra iridescent ; antennae fuscous; legs red . : . conformis
6°. Elytra black ; antennae and legs bright red ; : : obtusus

67. Elytra not depressed.
c*?, Base of pronotum impunctate.

d*. Pronotum moderately sinuate laterally . : : : alacer
d*, Pronotum distinctly sinuate laterally : : : : nanus
d', Pronotum wider and more cordiform : ; : . umtalensis
c1. Base of pronotum punctate . : . tinopinus
61. Elytra depressed. Jacies very elongate ; a chestnut brown
trechoides

a+, Upper side with a metallic sheen.
6+. Pronotum cordiform, plainly sinuate laterally towards the base.
ce’. Upper side shiny black with a faint metallic sheen.
d*, Antennae and legs black . : : : : : . aterrimus
d'. Antennae fuscous ; femora black : : : : shilouvanus
c*. Upper side metallic green or bronze.
d°, Base of pronotum aciculate ; antennae and legs fuscous red
perturbator
d?. Base of pronotum not aviculate, antennae and legs rufescent
NANNISCUS, CUrsor
d+. Base of pronotum closely punctate ; antennae and legs rufescent
pygmaeus
c*. Upper side metallic green, prothorax cordate. ; . majorinus
c?. Upper side chalceous or greenish black, base of pronotum closely
punctate.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 621

d?, Elytra elongate, intervals plane. Femora fuscous, tibiae rufescent

zambesianus

d', Elytra less elongate, intervals convex, surface dark metallic green, whole
legs reddish 0 ‘ ; : : . mashunus

c. Surface only slightly metallic. ibs fuscous : ; . discrepans
63, Pronotum not strongly corciform. Intervals of elytra plane evulsus
62, Pronotum very little sinuate laterally. Base aciculate, intervals some-
what plane. : : ; : : ; . effulgens

61. Pronotum broader than Mae : : : : ; . pumilus

A. Pronotum and elytra pilose.
B?, Pronotum strongly cordate, convex and narrowly attenuate behind ; pro-
thorax and alternate interval of elytra with setigerous pits . setulosus
Bt. Pronotum moderately cordate, and bearing like the elytra a lateral fringe of
setae; the striae of the latter plane, deeply and regularly punctate
pilosellus

Abacetus pavoninus Per.
Descr. Cat., I. Suppl., p. 360.

Locality.—Natal (Durban, Malvern); Transvaal (Shilouvane) ;
S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Abacetus dilucidus Pér.
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. ii, 1904, p. 192.

Syn: A. jucundulus Pér., loc. cit., p. 193.
Syn AL mimus Per. loc. cit., p. 193.

Abacetus nitens Tschits.
Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. xxxii, 1898, p. 430.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Sebakwe).
This species, which was described from Boma, in the Congo, is
represented by a type in the S.A. Museum Collection.

Abacetus parallelicollis sp. n.

Piceous red, elytra with blue, highly iridescent elytra. Easily
distinguished from its South African congeners of the same group by
the nearly parallel prothorax, which is only slightly attenuate rounded
laterally anteriorly for about a sixth of the length; the base is in-
distinctly plicate in the centre, the intervals of the oblong elytra are
plane ; (2) the underside is piceous red, and with the abdomen darker ;

622 Annals of the South African Museum.

the legs, palpi, and labrum are red, the antennae fuscous with the
exception of the basal joint, which is red.
Length, 9 mm. ; width, 32 mm.

Locality.—s. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Abacetus alienus nom. nov.

Syn: A. diversus Pér. (nom. preocc.).
Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. i, 1904, p. 191.

Abacetus delagoensis sp. n.

A very close ally of servitulus, but much smaller, and the pro-
thorax is more ampliated laterally in proportion to the size, and more
rounded towards the posterior angle; it is black, with the elytra
_ sub-iridescent, with the intervals plane; the three basal joints of
antennae and the legs are piceous red, the palpi rufescent.

Length, 64 mm. ; width, 22 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury) ; Mozambique (Rikatla).

Abacetus optimus Per.
Anime Ss Ate Muss vole i O04 onal 9a:

Syl eAaclanis er Ocw Cita Daou:

Abacetus congruens sp. n.

Allied to the preceding species, but more slender ; the prothorax
is also greatly ampliated in the centre, but the posterior part from
slightly past the middle is very distinctly attenuate, thence towards
the base, and has thus a more broadly cordiform appearance, although
the supra-basal sinuation is not much marked ; the elytra are narrower
and therefore more parallel than in A. optimus; the antennae are
fuscous or even black, except the first joint, which is red, and the
legs are either black or dark piceous, and the elytra are deep black
with occasionally a faint iridescent sheen.

Length, 64 mm. ; width, 3 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Abacetus fraternus Tschits.
Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. xxxu, 1898, p. 539.

Dark bronze, shiny, the tibiae with a faint rufous tinge. Very
closely allied to A. minutus, but the metallic sheen is more bronzy

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 623

and approximates that of A. chalceus, and the shape of the pronotum
is as in the last-named species—that is to say, the basal angle is
rounded and not aculeate as in A. menutus ; the base has no punctures.
From A. chalceus it differs in the less ampliate pronotum and the
plane, not transversely impressed, intervals of the elytra.

Length, 8 mm.; width, 3 mm.

Locality.—Cape of Good Hope.

Abacetus perplexus Pér.

Descr. Cat., p. 552.
Syms Aa aenescens Per, loc. cit., p. O53.
| Sym: A. chalcites Per, loc, cit. p. 952.
Locality.—Cape (Worcester).

Abacetus concors sp. n.

Black, shiny, palpi and the three basal antennal joints red, legs
piceous red; the antennae are long, with the median joints plainly
thickened ; the prothorax is ampliate rounded laterally for two-
thirds of the length, thence gradually narrowed towards the basal
angle, but not sinuate, the base being slightly wider than the apex,
and deeply punctate at the centre; the elytra are of an oblong shape,
but with hardly any sloping at the humeral part; the intervals are
plainly convex (9).

A difficult species to place. The thorax is less cordate than in
the A. natalensis group, and, moreover, the base is deeply punctate.

Length, 54 mm. ; width, 24 mm.

Locality. —Natal (Durban).

Abacetus natalensis Chaud.

Descr. Cat., p. 549.
Locality.—Natal (Malvern) ; 8S. Rhodesia (Salisbury, Umtali).

Abacetus conforms Pér.
Descr.. Cat., p. 607.
Black, with the antennae fuscous, and the legs dark red, sometimes

fuscous, tarsi rufescent ; elytra shining black with a slight iridescence.
Closely related to A. natalensis, but differs in the shape of the pro-

624 Annals of the South African Museum.

thorax, which is not quite so broad in proportion to the width of the
elytra, being slightly narrower at its widest part than at the humeral
part of the elytra, whereas in A. natalensis it is nearly equal; the
elytra are slightly iridescent, whereas in A. natalensis they are intensely
black, and the intervals of the elytra are plainly less carinate.
Length, 64-7 mm.; width, 3 mm.
Locality.—Cape Colony (Uitenhage).

Abacetus umtalensis sp. n.

A very close ally to A. nanus. The prothorax, however, is plainly
more cordiform, and wider in the anterior part, the colour is rufo-
piceous, as in A. nanus.

Length, 5 mm.; width, 2 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

A bacetus pygmaeus, Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 550.
A. viartus Peér., Descr. Cat. Suppl., p. 359.

Locality.—Cape (Caledon, Kimberley) ; Natal (Lower Umkomaas
River).
Abacetus majorinus Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 550.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage); Natal (Lower Umkomaas, Tugela
River).

My example from Uitenhage is much more numerously punctured
along the base than the type.

Abacetus zambesianus sp. n.

Greenish on the upper side with a chalceous tinge; the first and
second antennal joints are red, the second and third, however, being
somewhat fuscous ; the remainder are deeply infuscate ; the prothorax
is plainly cordate, and as broad as long, the base is deeply and somewhat
closely punctate, the punctures being deep; the oblong elytra are
somewhat longer in proportion than the other species of this group,
striate with the intervals plane; femora fuscous, tibiae and tarsi
slight flavescent.

The elongate form of this species approximates somewhat that of
A. agilis Pér., which, however, belongs to another and well-defined
group. I have seen one example only from Pemba, on the northern
side of the Zambesi. This might appear to be an extraneous locality,

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 625

but it is not, as it comes within the limit of the South African fauna,
viz. south of the 15th parallel south.

Length, 6 mm. ; width, 24 mm.

Locality.—Rhodesia (Pemba).

Abacetus mashunus sp. 0.

Dark blue, but sometimes light bronze on the upper side; the legs
sub-piceous red ; the prothorax is broadly cordate, strongly narrowed
at the base, which is strongly punctate, but sometimes sparingly so ;
the intervals of the elytra are sub-tectiform or moderately “plane,
according to the sex.

It differs from A. descrepans, a near ally, by the much more cordate
prothorax, and also the colour of the upper part.

Length, 44 mm. ; width, 24 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury, Sebakwe).

Abacetus pumilus, Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 551.
Locality.—8. Rhodesia (Sebakwe).

Abacetus setulosus, Chaud.
Rev. and Mag. Zool., 1878, p. 136.

A very distinct species. Black, shiny, with the palpi and legs
flavous; the three basal joints of the antennae are red, the three
following fuscous, and the others pale flavescent ; the prothorax is
convex, globose, but narrowly attenuate towards the base, sprinkled
with coarse punctures bearing each a long hair; the base is roughly
punctate, the elytra are twice as broad at the shoulders as the narrow
base of the prothorax, with the angles moderately rounded, very deeply
striate, with the intervals carinate and alternately roughly punctate
on one side, the punctures bearing a long rigid seta.

Length, 44 mm.; width, 2 mm. |

Locality.—N. Rhodesia (Pemba) ; 8. Rhodesia (Sebakwe, Salisbury,
Umtali).

Described originally from Zanzibar (Pemba Island).

Abacetus pilosellus Pér.
Descr. Cat., I. Suppl., p. 361.
Syn: A. gubatulus Per., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. ii, 1904, p. 200.

Syn: A. pilosulus Pér., loc. cit., p. 200.
VOL. XXIII, PART 3. A]

626 Annals of the South African Museum.

PTEROSTICHIDKS. I.

Gen. CyRToMOSscELIS Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 559.

It would appear that I have mixed Cyrtomoscelis natalensis Chaud.
with Argutor trivialis Boh. JI do not remember having seen the
former, whereas I have compared my specimens with authenticated
examples of the latter, which I now place in a new genus which
differs from Cyrtomoscelis in having the outer margin of the anterior
tibiae distinctly pluri-spinose and the hind tarsal joint grooved,
whereas in Cyrtomoscelis the fore tibiae. arc spineless and the hind
tibiae and tarsi are not grooved.

Cyrtomoscelis natalensis Chaud.
Bull. Mosc., 1873, p. 63.

My description of C. triviales applies to this species. It was, in fact,
made from an example of Cyrtomoscelis ; the pronotum is much more
parallel than in Berea caffra, owing to it being less attenuate and
hardly rounded in the anterior lateral part; the longitudinal central
line is so faint as to be difficult of detection.

In general appearance it closely resembles B. caffra, but is at once
differentiated by the absence of spines on the upper side of the fore
and hind tibiae ; the latter are also not grooved, nor is the basal joint
of the hind tarsi.

BEREA, gen. n.

Cyrtomoscelis Pér., nec. Chaud.
Descr. Cat., p. 558.

To my description may be added the following: Anterior tibiae
with strong spines outwardly, intermediate numerously ; posterior
sparsely spinose, the four upper spines in the latter set on a slightly
dentate projection, forming on the edge of the slightly arcuate tibia
a sort of sinuation; the hind tibiae are grooved inwardly, and the
basal joint of the hind tarsi is also grooved.

Berea trwialis Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 559.

- In some examples the median impressed line on the prosternum is
ill-defined. |

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 627

Berea caffer sp. n.

Piceous, with the elytra darker and slightly iridescent; more
elongate than B. trwials and less oblong ; the sculpture is identical,
but the pronotum being more elongate is nearly as long as broad,
is attenuate forward laterally for a shorter distance, and thus appears
more parallel; the median longitudinal impressed line is sometimes
difficult to detect ; the elytra are also more elongate and narrower in
proportion than in C. trivialis ; the rest as in the former.

Length, 8 mm.; width, 34 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Transkei, Kentani).

INKOSA gen. n.

The sculpture of the head is very different from that of Berea ; the
frontal sulci are very deep and broad, and edged laterally by a highly
raised border; the lateral puncture of the labrum is very deep and
broad ; the head, owing to shortness of neck, is deeply set in the
pronotum, which is much broader in the anterior part in spite of
the prominence of the eyes; the pronotum has a distinctly sulcate
border, and is as broad at the base as the elytra; the legs are as
in Berea.

Inkosa latiuscula sp. n.

Black, shiny, not iridescent; palpi and antennae rufescent ; legs
reddish brown. Head with the frontal impressions broad, deep, and
edged with a high border above the eyes; lateral puncture of the
labrum fossate; prothorax twice as broad as the head at apex,
attenuate rounded laterally to about the median part, where it is
twice as broad as long, straight thence to the base, where it is as
wide or nearly so as the shoulders ; outer margin sharp, reflexed, no
scutellary striole; elytra with the intervals only moderately convex
on the disk, the convexity more pronounced laterally, especially in
the §; the striae apparently impunctate, underside smooth, the three
abdominal segments with a series of deep punctures along the anterior
border ; anterior and intermediate tibiae spinose outwardly, posterior
a little arcuate, grooved, and with a few spines. Hasily recognised by
its ampliate facies.

Length, 7 mm.; width, 4 mm.

Locality.—Natal (Kranzkop).

628 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. CELIOSCHESIS Tschits.

Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. xxxu, 1898, p. 93.

Head small, eyes convex and projecting ; frontal sulci well defined ;
outer border of the intermediary (especially) and posterior tibiae set
with more numerous spinules; first joint of the intermediate and
hind tarsi much elongated, yet not longer than the three following ;
first joint of the anterior tarsi (dilated) almost triangular, slightly
longer than the second; paraglossae projecting a little beyond the
apex of the ligula. Elytra with or without red spot; third interval
with a small poriferous puncture.

The characteristics of this genus are given by Tschitscherus as
approximating those of Cyrtomoscelis, which was unknown to him
except from description. He includes in it Feronia trialis (Berea)
- Boh., which, it can be safely assumed, was also unknown to him, and
which has no puncture on the 3rd interval of elytra. It is therefore
a matter of doubt if the species I refer to the genus is correctly placed,
yet I believe it to be allied to, if not identical with, the type of the
genus—i.e. C. distagma Tschits. The species of this genus are said
by him to be met with in the eastern part of South Africa and in
Madagascar.

Celioschesis longicorns Per.

Suppl. Deser. Cat. (Drimostoma), p. 363.

As I stated in my description, the general facies of this species
approximates it to a certain extent to Stomonazus amarordes, but it
does not belong to the same group of the Pterostichini, as well instanced
by the length of the antennae, etc. ; the general facies of the only
species known to me approximates a little that of Imkosa latvuscula,
but is not so massively ampliate, and the 3rd interval bears a dis-
tinct deep poriferous puncture set a little past the median part. In
comparison with C. distagma Tschits. it seems to be a little more
parallel.

Celtoschesis distugma Tschits.

Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. xxxu, 1898, p. 97.

I have not been able to identify the species on which Tschitschérine
founded the genus. His extremely long description may be condensed
as follows :

“Bright blackish brown above, with a very slight iridescence on
the elytra; mandibles glabrous; the lateral fold and the posterior

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 629

angles of the pronotum, the lateral fold of the elytra, and a small,
elongate spot not far from the apex extending on the 2nd interval
and impinging on the 3rd, reddish ; legs, antennae, and palpi ferru-.
ginous red; pronotum transverse, 1-5 as wide as long, strongly
narrowed in front but very little behind, widest in the middle, angles
obtuse, sides regularly arcuate, but the arcuation more pronounced
at the first third of the length, slightly convex in the centre; the
median impressed line reaches neither base nor apex, the space
separating the sides from the lateral fold is slightly depressed ; the
hind piliferous pore is situated not in the groove, as is usually the
case, but on the external fold at the very summit of the angle. Hlytra
not quite 1-5 time as long as wide, 2-5 as long, and 1-16 times as
broad as the pronotum, and having its greatest width at about the
median part; the base is not wider than that of the pronotum and
fits against it, the first fifth of the length of the sides is slightly arcuate
towards the shoulders, thence nearly parallel to slightly past the
middle, and from there moderately arcuate; the shoulders are not
rounded, although slightly obtuse ; the striae are strongly marked,
and become deeper still towards the apex; the intervals are moder-
ately convex; prosternum entirely smooth; episterna slightly
punctuate; sides of abdominal segments punctate and _ slightly
rugolose.”
Length, 8 mm.; width, 34 mm.
Locality. Portuguese East Africa (Delagoa Bay).

Gen. Exocus Pér.
Desera Cab pon.

In my description of the genus I omitted to mention the deep, sub-
transverse, slightly supra-basal impression on the median longitudinal
line of the pronotum.

Exocus ferrugineus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 557.

There are reasons to believe that H. ferrugineus is termitobious.
Mr. Bell-Marley found one in a termite nest at Karkloof, Natal, and
Father O'Neil informs me that he captured an example coming out
of a termitarium. He adds that it is taken at light pretty often.

Locality.—Natal (Durban); Transvaal (Trichardt); 8. Rhodesia
(Bulawayo, Salisbury, Sebakwe) ; N.-E. Damaraland.

630 Annals of the South African Museum.

Ezxocus pulcher sp. nu.

The description of E. ferrugineus applies to this species, the point
of disemblance being the shape of the pronotum, which, instead of
being slanting laterally in a straight line from the median part to
the basal angle, is plainly sinuate there with the basal angle thus
made more distinctly acuminate; the striae are seemingly slightly
less plainly punctate, but the intervals are alike.

Length, 9 mm. ; width, 4 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Insiza).

Gen. ATimus Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 555.

Atimus crenatostriatus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 555.

Locality.—Cape (Kimberley, Prieska).

PTEROSTICHIDES. II.

Gen. CaMPTOSCELIS De}.
Spec. Col. III, 1828, p. 420.

Camptoscelis hottentota Oliv.
Pterostichus Pér., Descr. Cat., p. 608.

Camptoscelis dissidens sp. n.

Colouring, size, and general facies of C. hottentota, but it is more
elongate, the elytra are more parallel, the lateral posterior part is
much more plainly sinuate, and the base itself is thus more narrow,
being only one-half of the width of the apex instead of a little more
than two-thirds in C. hottentota ; 3rd interval of elytra with a distinct
median setigerous puncture; abdomen and legs (3) as in the pre-
ceding species.

Length, 185 mm.; width, 6 mm. )

I have seen only one example of this species collected by Ecklon
and Zeyher, and figuring in their list of insects as C. hottentota Oliv.

A?

B?.

Be
C2.

(On

Al.

B?,
Be

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 631

Gen. CopHOSOMORPHA Tschits.
Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. xxv, 1891, p. 154.
Pér., Descr. Cat., p. 560.

Key to the Species.

Outer margin of pronotum not highly reflexed from the median part to the
base. Intervals of elytra nearly plane.

Elytra oblongo-ovate.

c?. No puncture on the 3rd interval of the elytra.

a*. Intervals of elytra not highly tectiform . : : : dichroa
a. Intervals of elytra highly tectiform . ; : . pseudodichroa
ct. A median and a supra-apical puncture 3 : : . elizabethae

Elytra oblongo-elongate.

Third interval of elytra with two punctures.

a?, Elytra strongly sinuate at apex, the suture dentate in the g. A post-
median puncture and a supra-apical one ‘ 5 : caffra

a. Elytra normal at apex.

6. A post-median puncture and a supra-apical one; elytra opaque _— soror

6°. A puncture at the apex of the first anterior third of the length and
another at the base of the third.

c*. Pronotum more attenuate at base . : ‘ : 3 anceyt
c+. Pronotum less attenuate at base : : : : : blaisea
b*. A puncture past the median part of the length and another nearly
equi-distant from the first and the apex A : capicola

6%. A puncture on the first fifth part of the length ana another almost
apical : ‘ . . propinqua

67. A puncture near the eal part ae Pothier: in We centre . lugubrina
61. A single puncture in the centre . : : : : 5 modesta
Third interval of elytra without puncture ; a Opaque ; posterior angle
rounded, not angular . : : : diversa

Outer margin of pronotum highly ied from ihe hedian part to the base.
Intervals of elytra sub-carinate or tectiform.

Third interval of elytra without puncture ‘ ‘ : . natalensis

Third interval with an ante-median and a post-median puncture laetans

The species of this genus seem to be very local, and the number
will probably be greatly increased for this reason.

Cophosomorpha pseudodichroa sp. n.

Very closely allied to C. dichroa, and almost alike except for the
much more tectiform shape of the intervals of the elytra.

The only example I have seen was sent me by Mons. Rene Oberthiir,
and bearing the label, “ Capicola Chaud.,” but without any record
of locality.

Length, 15 mm.; width, 5 mm.

632 Annals of the South African Museum.

Cophosomorpha elrzabethae sp. n.

Black, shiny, antennae, palpi, and legs piceous rufescent ; head of
the normal shape and sculpture; pronotum a little wider than the
head, narrower at the base than at the apex by one-fourth, with the
sides arcuate, the arcuation more strongly defined in the third posterior
part, but with the margin very little reflexed towards the posterior
angle if compared with C. dichroa owing to the more shallow posterior
lateral depression on the disk the surface of which is indistinctly
plicate transversely, as in C. dichroa, but the median part of the base
is distinctly striate vertically ; the elytra are strongly oblongo-ovate,
with the basal angles distinct and even sharp, narrowly striate, with
the striae impunctate except for the normal series of foveae, which
is Interrupted towards the middle of the 8th stria ; intervals tectiform,
_ third with a median and a supra-apical puncture, fold of outer margin
strongly defined ; underside smooth, but with an ill-defined plication
laterally ; legs normal.

Length, 15 mm.; width, 5 mm.

Locality.—(Port Elizabeth).

Type ubi 2.

Cophosomorpha caffra De}.

Descr. Cat., p. 562.

This species is easily recognised by the strong lateral sinuation
of the posterior part of the elytra, the apical part of which is almost
dentate, the posterior border almost truncate, and the suture bluntiy
dentate on each side.

Some errors seem to have crept into the habitat I gave for this species.
I have recorded it only from Port Elizabeth, Graham’s Town, and
now Cape Town. The localities Somerset Hast and Seymour do not
apply to this species, and Port St. John and Durban are erroneous.

Cophosomorpha blacsea sp. un.

Closely allied to C. anceyi, but the pronotum is laterally more
ampliate owing to it being less attenuate the median part to the outer
angle, which is also more angular, and the basal depression is deeper
and broader; the elytra are slightly less parallel from the base to
past two-thirds of the length ; the intervals are a little more tectiform,
and on the third there are two punctures, the first at about one-third
of the length, and the other at a slightly shorter distance from the
first than the first is from the base. . The rest asin C. anceyi. In the

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 633

only example I have seen (g) the second puncture is obliterated on
the left side.

Length, 15 mm.; width, 5 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Mossel Bay, Cape St. Blaize).

Cophosomorpha propinqua sp. n.

Black, shiny, with the antennae and the abdomen piceous red. The
general facies is that of C. capicola and C. lugubrina, especially the
latter, but the disposition of the punctures on the 3rd interval is
different, the first being slightly ante-median and the second situated
near to the apex ; the intervals of the elytra are very slightly convex,
the 5th not much more so at the base than the others (2); the last
segment of the abdomen has a distinct transverse basal groove
obliterated in the centre.

Length, 13 mm. ; width, 5 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Cape Town).

Closely allied to C. lugubrina, but easily differentiated by the
disposition of the two setigerous punctures on the 3rd interval of the
elytra, and the transverse lateral groove on the last abdominal seg-
ment. The examples examined are all females.

Cophosomorpha modesta sp. n.

The description of C. propinqua suits this species, which is, however,
shorter, and with the elytra more ovoid. ‘The 3rd interval bears only
one exactly median setigerous puncture.

Length, 11 mm.; width, 4 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Port Elizabeth).

Cophosomorpha diversa sp. n.

Dull, somewhat opaque black; antennae, legs, and abdomen very
dark brown. It is to C. lugubrina that this species is more nearly
related, but it is differentiated by the more rounded lateral posterior
part of the pronotum, which is not angular, and the absence of a
setigerous puncture on the 3rdinterval. The rest as in O. lugubrina,
but the three abdominal segments have a sulcus along the base. Seen
two females.

Length, 14 mm.; width, 5 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Cape Town).

634 Annals of the South African Museum.

Cophosomorpha natalensis Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 563.

Locality.—Cape (Transkei) ; Zululand.

Cophosomorpha laetans sp. n.

Black, shiny, elytra slightly iridescent. Antennae, tibiae, and legs
dark brown ; head smooth, with the frontal impressions deep ; pro-
notum arcuate laterally, with the posterior margin strongly reflexed,
but as broad at the base as at the apex; the posterior angles slightly
rounded ; elytra elongate, with the humeral angles a little rounded ;
intervals moderately tectiform, the third with two punctures, the
first at about a third of the length, the second at an equal distance
from the apex as the first one is from the base; underside smooth,
the two last abdominal segments with a distinct transverse sulcus
running along the basal part of the segment.

This species is not unlike C. natalensis, and the shape of the pro-
notum is nearly identical ; the elytra are less convex and the intervals
less tectiform, and the two punctures on the 3rd interval, which are
entirely absent in C. natalensis, are very distinct, and their disposition
is quite different from those found in the other species of the genus
when present. The transverse sulcus of the abdominal segments is
very noticeable.

Length, 12 mm.; width, 44 mm.

Locality unrecorded.

MACQUENA gen. n.

Facies more parallel than in the species of the two preceding genera ;
pronotum nearly parallel, or slightly attenuate towards the base, but
not sinuate above the base and with the angles sharp ; the rest as in
Cophosomorpha.

A’. Elytra with one puncture on the 3rd interval . ; ; . intermedia
A?. Elytra with two punctures on the 3rd interval.

a2. Pronotum parallel, as broad at base as at apex. First puncture median,

the other apical ; striae of elytra punctulate . : . macroptera

a+. Pronotum a little narrower at base than at apex, but straight laterally.

6, An ante-median and post-median puncture on the 3rd interval congener

61. A post-median and an apical puncture on the 3rd interval . castella

Al. Elytra without puncture on the 3rd interval . j é . congruens

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 635

Macquena castelle sp. n.

Black, little shiny (2) on the pronotum, opaque on the elytra ;
shape of the pronotum as in M. congruens ; elytra parallel from the
base to slightly past the median part; only very slightly ampliate
about two-thirds of the length, and normally attenuate thence; the
scutellary striole is very distinct, the intervals of the elytra are sub
tectiform, with the 7th strongly carinate in the anterior median part,
and on the 3rd there is a puncture situated at two-thirds of the length,
and another at a very short distance from the apex in a line with the
apex of the 4th interval; underside and legs very shiny.

Length, 154 mm. ; width, 44 mm.

Locality.—Basutoland (Giant’s Castle Mountain).

Macquena congener Per.
Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 364.
Locality.—Transvaal (Lydenburg).

Macquena congruens Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 562.

Syn: M. fraudulens Pér., Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 364 (type).
Locality.—Transvaal (Lydenburg). The locality, Durban, Natal,

18 erroneous.
Gen. MosuTa gen. n.

The only species included in the genus is differentiated from the
three preceding by the narrower and more linear shape ; the pronotum
is gradually attenuated from apex to base, where it is only half the
width of the apex, without sinuation or reflexed margin in the posterior
part ; the number and disposition of the punctures on the 3rd interval
differ from that of the other South African species of Pterostichinc.
The last three abdominal segments have a transverse basal groove.

Mosuta altrcola Pér.
Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 365.

Gen. WAHLBERGIA Tschits.
Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb., 1896, p. 63.

In this genus the characteristics are more the shape than the
divergence in other characters from Camptoscelis, Cophosomorpha,

636 Annals of the South African Museum.

Macquena, etc. _ The body is parallel, the base of the pronotum is as
wide as the apex, and the elytra are of the same width and opaque ;
the outer margin is strongly reflexed ; the intervals of elytra are all
sharply or alternately carinate.

Wahlbergia inordinata Pér.

Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 365.

Not having any longer the type of this species, which I described
as a Cophosomorphus, 1 am not quite sure that it should be included
in this genus, but the description agrees with the characteristics of
the genus.

Gen. TERATOTARSA Tschits.
Descr. Cat., p. 566.

In this genus the three basal joints of the anterior tibiae of the
male are exactly like those of the female—that is to say, not dilated
or spongy underneath. The sex difference consists in the presence
of two setigerous punctures near the border of the last abdominal
segments in the female and of one in the male, as in all the Carabid
species. The projection of the metasternum is plurisetose, whereas
it is glabrous in the other genera.

The two species included in this genus have so far been met on
the slopes of peaks or mountain ranges only.

Teratotarsa minor sp. nN.

Black, with the elytra semi-opaque, the antennal joints slightly
rufescent and the palpi piceous; head of the normal shape and
structure ; pronotum a little attenuate laterally from the slightly
ampliate median part towards the base, sub-sinuate above it, the
base a little narrower than the apex, with the angles very sharp ;
disk with only a narrow impression along the basal angle, which is
thus not much recurved ; the median line and basal discoidal impres-
sions are normal, and the fold of the outer margin is distinctly
crenulate; scutellary striole distinct; elytra elongate ovate with
the shoulders acute, somewhat plane for two-thirds of the length,
with the intervals hardly convex in the median discoidal part, the
convexity being more apparent laterally and in the posterior part ;
the 6th interval is carinate in the anterior part, but much less so
than in S. severini or S. rugipennis ; there is a deep puncture in the

- f= a As —

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 637

centre of the 3rd interval almost at the top of the declivous part,
and the series of deep punctures on the 6th stria is not interrupted,
although the median ones are not as closely set as the anterior and
posterior ; legs and underside normal.

Length, 16 mm. ; width, 54 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Oudebosch, Caledon Div., slopes of mountain,
height 1500 feet).

BARNARDIA gen. n.

Barnardia superciliaris n. sp.

Black, with the elytra nearly opaque, antennal joints somewhat
rufescent, palpi piceous red; head smooth, clypeus very slightly
plicate longitudinally ; pronotum broader than long, and slightly
wider at the base than at the apex ; sides very moderately ampliate
rounded from the base to about two-thirds of the length, a little
sinuate thence to the basal angle, which is thus projecting and very
sharp ; disk nearly plane, but the base is broadly and equally depressed
from side to side, the depression ascending a little laterally ; the supra-
lateral sulcus is merged in the depression and the outer marginal
border is faintly serrulate; scutellary striole distinct, punctulate ;
elytra as wide at the shoulders as the median part of the pronotum,
conspicuously punctate striate with the intervals plane on the dorsal
part, 7th and 8th sharply tectiform, the former not conspicuously
carinate in the anterior part ; the series of larger punctures on the &th
are Closely set and equi-distant ; there is a 9th punctate stria, and even
a distinct but vaguely punctate 10th stria, beginning at about the
median part and reaching the apex; no puncture on the 3rd interval
in the g, but a distinct one in the 9; legs normal; underside finely but
irregularly plicate. I have seen one ¢ and four 99. Distinguished
from the other species by the presence of a conspicuous thick frontal
ridge extending from the clypeal suture to beyond the eye, and
bordered by a deep, narrow frontal sulcus slightly sinuose behind and
reaching the second punctigerous puncture; the punctation of the
elytra differs also greatly from that of all the South African species
of the group.

Length, 174-21 mm. ; width, 8-9 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Oudebosch, Caledon Div., slopes of mountain,
1500 feet).

Named after Mr. K. H. Barnard of the South African Museum,
who collected the specimens.

638 Annals of the South African Museum.

Gen. OamMoPrHoRA Tschits.

Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross., vol. xxxu, p. 20.

The facies of the species included in this genus is different from
that of the others belonging to the group, in being more slender, owing
to the pronotum being more distinctly rounded laterally, and especially
towards the base, although not sinuate there, and the elytra having
a more depressed appearance ; the frontal sulci are longer and deeper,
but the border formed thereby is not so much raised nor is it pro-
longed so far over the eyes as in Barnardia ; the metasternal episterna
are longer than broad on the anterior border, and in the only species
of this genus the last three abdominal segments are grooved trans-
versely at the base.

Ogmophora peringueyi, Tschits.
Descr. Cat., p. 608.
This species has a wide habitat in South Africa, Cape (Cape Town,
Hutchinson, Victoria West, Kimberley), Free State (Smithfield). An

example in the Museum collection is labelled “ Zambesi,” but the
record is most probably erroneous.

Gen. CHALCOcHROUS Chaud.
Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose., vol. 1, 1838, p. 24.

Syn : Steropomorpha, Tschits.
Descr. Cat., p. 561.
The distinctive character of this genus is the presence of a long,
non-bifid tooth in the mentum as in the other species of Group II.

The elytra have a bronze sheen in the two species known to me,
and have no puncture on the 3rd interval.

Chalcochrous degener Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 561.

Syn: C. captatriz, Tschits.
Hor, Soc) Emt, Ross) voll xxxil W985 po liso:

The shape of the prothorax greatly differs from that of C. lenis,
and it may prove necessary to found a new genus for its reception.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 639

I described the first example I obtained as black; but it has really a
bronze sheen, not so conspicuous, however, as in other specimens I
obtained later on, on the slopes of Table Mountain at only 600 feet
altitude.

Locality.—Cape (Cape Town, Newlands).

Chalcochrous otiosus, Tschits.

Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross, vol. xxxii, 1898, p. 139.

d piceous brown, upper part of body slightly bronzy, with a silky
lustre ; legs reddish brown; antennae reddish, with joints 2-6 more
or less spotted with brown; palpi brownish, with the end of the last
lighter.

This species is extremely closely allied to C. lenis Germ., but dis-
tinct. It differs in addition to the much more obscure coloration of
the palpi, antennae, and legs, and the less bright bronze sheen of the
surface of the body, firstly by the shape of the pronotum, which is
distinctly wider, also of about equal length (1:2 as broad as long),
with the anterior angles projecting although very feebly, whereas in
C. lenis these angles are not projecting; the elytra are also wider,
broader at the shoulders, narrower behind, and less elongate in
proportion to the length (1°6 as long as wide), instead of 1°75 as in
C. lenis. The head is a little less wide between the eyes, and slightly
plicate in the only example I have, but this may prove to be an
individual character.

Length, 12 mm.; width, 4 mm.

Locality.—Cape of Good Hope.

I have not as yet identified this species.

Trine PLATYNINI.
Descr. Cat., p. 567.
Key to the Genera.

A’. Claws of tarsi normally diverging.
B?. No puncture on the 3rd interval of elytra. Mentum with a triangular median

tooth.
C*. Median tooth short, bluntly bifid . : : ; : Laemosthenes
Ct. Median tooth long, slightly truncate at tip : ‘ ‘ ‘ Enoicus

B!. Three punctures on the 3rd interval of elytra.

C?, Mentum with a long median tooth, truncate or not.
a*, A scutellary stria . : : : ‘ : . Platynus
a. No scutellary stria . : ‘ ‘ : ‘ , : Phimus

640

Ct

A},

Annals of the South African Museum.

Mentum without a median tooth . : ; : . Huleptus
Claws of tarsi set close to each other. One pant -median puncture on the
3rd interval. Prothorax cordate, but not sinuate laterally behind
Angionychus
Gen. LAEMOSTHENES Bonel.
Descr. Cat., p. 571.

Laemosthenes complanatus De}.
Descr. Cat.) p. oil:

A European species which does not seem to have retained a footing
in South Africa beyond a small radius from the ports of entry. I
have found it not uncommon in packages from Europe packed with
straw, and I have repeatedly met with it in the Museum grounds.

Gen. Enoicus Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 581.

Enovcus fallax Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 582.

Misprinted Huleptus fallac.

A’.
B?.
C2.

Cl.

Gen. PLatyNnus Bonel.
Deser. Cat., p. 572.

Ivey to the Species.
Sub-gen. MEGALONYCHUS.

Third interval of elytra with three punctures.

Intervals of elytra plane.

Pronotum elongate, not ampliate laterally. Facies narrower than in the
following species. Elytra distinctly oblong . : : . oblongus

Pronotum ampliate laterally.

a. Pronotum aciculate punctate over the whole disk.

62. Pronotum twice as broad as long 3 : ; d . latipennis

61, Pronotum one-third broader than long ; ; . umtalianus

a. Pronotum aciculate or more or less roughly “site ate. but the discoidal

part smooth.
62. Discoidal part of pronotum not plicate transversely convex; striae

of elytra indistinctly punctate . : : : : gilvipes
b1. Discoidal part of pronotum slightly plicate transversely ; elytra a little
more parallel; striae less indistinctly punctate : inter stitialrs

. Intervals of elytra strongly costate ; striae distinctly punctate obsequiosus
. Third interval of elytra with two punctures. Pronotum ampliate laterally.
. Intervals of elytra carinate.

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 641

C?. Sides of pronotum broadly aciculate 5 : 6 . crenatostriatus
C1. Sides of pronotum sub-scrobiculate punctate . : ; . wnsolitus
B2. Intervals of elytra costate. Antennae wholly flavous; centre of anterior

cl

Be

Of

C2,

Cr

BL

Ore
Ci.

border of pronotum hardly aciculate . : : . imsuetus

. Intervals of elytra plane. Antennae, with the exception of the first joint

fuscous ; centre part of anterior border of pronotum closely aciculate
emeritus

Sub-gen. ANCHOMENUS.

, Pronotum punctate laterally, but with the disk smooth. Third interval of

elytra with two punctures. Elytra broad, parallel, bronze green, tibiae
black. Pronotum more distinctly attenuate towards the base Jlatiusculus

. Pronotum not aciculate or punctate laterally. Third interval of elytra with

three punctures.

. Pronotum sub-transverse cordiform.
. Pronotum moderately attenuate laterally towards the base.

a*. Black, legs red, outer margin of pronotum concolorous : rufipes
a+, Elytra metallic green, pronotum and elytra with a yellow margin
pauper
Prothorax distinctly attenuate laterally towards the base; pronotum
moderately elongate.
a*, Elytra metallic green ; intervals smooth . : : - natalensis
a. Elytra greenish red, intervals transversely impressed sub-tesselate
diversus
Pronotum sub-elongate and cordiform.
Elytra black, strongly costate ; antennac and legs red; intervals of elytra

convex; striae distinctly punctate ; ; : 5 striatitarsis
Elytra black, moderately costate ; antennae fuscous, except the three basal
joints.
a, Median part of pronotum slightly angular; striae not deeply punctate
laetulus
a*, Median part of pronotum not angular; striae not deeply punctate
fallaciosus
a+. Median part of pronotum not angular; striae conspicuously punctate
transvaalensis

Pronotum and elytra black, both with a broad flavescent margin.

a*, Pronotum distinctly attenuate laterally towards the base . capicola

a. Pronotum not distinctly attenuate laterally towards the base . velox

Pronotum elongate, sub-hexagonal. Upper side green, opaque, elytra with
a narrow yellow margin.

Legs flavescent ; knees not distinctly infuscate : ‘ - . alacer

Legs with the knees plainly infuscate . . : : : gracilis

Platynus latuepennis Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 575.

Locality.—Natal (Durban).

WiOle XOX ARID: 42

642 Annals of the South African Museum.

Platynus gilvipes Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 574.

Locality.—Transvaal (Watervalonder). -The locality “ Salisbury,”
loc. cit., 18 erroneous.

Platynus interstitialis Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 574.

Syn: M. fraternus Pér., Suppl., p. 366.

Having seen a type of Boheman’s species after my description of
M. fraternus, I find the latter to be identical with it. The habitat
“Salisbury ” applies thus to M. interstitcalis.

Locality.—Transvaal (Irene, Pretoria, Thabina in Zoutpansberg,
Waterberg, Pietersburg) ; S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Platynus transvaalensis sp. nu.

Closely allied to P. fallaciosus, with which it agrees in shape, size,
and colouring, but the sculpturing of the elytra differs. The punctures
of the striae, instead of being finely punctate, are much deeper, and
impinged slightly in the dorsal part on the side of the intervals,
which are there plainly costate for at least two-thirds of the length
instead of being almost plane or very little costate, asin M. fallaciosus.
Moreover, the dorsal part is distinctly depressed in P. transvaalensis.

Length, 7 mm.; width, 2% mm.

Locality.—Transvaal (Johannesburg).

Platynus alacer Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 578.

Locality.—Transvaal (Pretoria, Rietfontein in Zoutpansberg, Lyden-
burg, Watervalonder).

Gen. HULEPTUS Lac.
Descr. Cat., p. 579.

Euleptus caffer Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 580.

Syn: H. elegans Peér., loc. cit., p. 580.
Locality.—Natal (Howick, Hilton Road, Pinetown, Newcastle) ;
Transvaal (Florida, Rietfontein in Zoutpansberg, Lydenburg, Water-
valonder).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 643

Euleptus intermedius Per.
Descer. Cat., p. 580.
Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali, Sebakwe).

Euleptus albicorms Pér.
Descr. Cat., p. 581.

Locality.—Eastern Transvaal (Zoekmakaar).

PHIMUS gen. n.

Mentuin of Anchomenus, ligula broadening towards the apex,
straight across the tip, but rounded laterally, paraglossae adhering
to the ligula and very slightly longer; palpi of Anchomenus ; pro-
notum transverse ; elytra oblong, without scutellary striae ; anterior
and intermediate tarsi only moderately long ; the joints of the former
dilated in the male, the first not very much longer than the second
(gilurpes), or a little longer, second and third short, fourth not smaller
than the third ; legs and tarsi not carinate.

Key to the Species.

A?*. Pronotum sub-parallel.
B2. Upper side shining.

C?. Upper side black, dorsal striae of elytra moderately deep . . nanniscus |
C1. Upper side, especially the elytra, rufescent metallic . : . harpaloides
B!. Upper side sub-opaque, bronze, with a silky sheen . : namaquensis
Al. Pronotum cordiform. Upper side bronze green, shiny, dorsal intervals of
elytra costate . : : ; ; : : : ; gilvipes

Three of the species included in this genus (I placed two formerly
in Agonum and one in Laemosthenes) have the general appearance of
a Harpalid, but are at once distinguished by having two supra-orbital
setae instead of one; the fourth species is not unlike an Abacetid.

Gen. ANcionycuus Klug.
Descr. Cat., p. 583.

Angionychus lividus Klug.
Descr. Cat., p. 583.
The pronotum is ampliate rounded and attenuate but not sinuate

towards the base; the elytra have no scutellary striae.
Locality.—Natal (Isipingo).

644

Annals of the South African Museum.

TrisE POGONINI.
Descr. Cat., p. 584.

The representatives of this tribe have two supra-orbital setigerous
yunctures.

Key to the Genera.

. Tibiae spinulose outwardly.
. Median tooth of mentum long, bifid; elytra deeply punctured . Pogonus

Bt. Median tooth of mentum short, not bifid; elytra without well-defined
striae : ‘ : : ; : ‘ : : . Lxtromus
At. Tibiae not spinulose outwardly.
B?. Median tooth of mentum bifid ; four of fifth elytral striae when present curved
outwardly at apex. ; 4 Trechus
Bt. Median tooth of mentum not bids no ounnea spud stria . Perileptus
Gen. TrEcHUs Clairv.
Descr. Cat., p. 587.
Key to the Spectes.
A*, Anterior tibiae not obliquely truncate outwardly.
B*. Elytra oblong. Elytra with three discoidal striae on each side and two entire
ones along the margin.
C}. Striae very deep, general colour chestnut 3 : : . mashunus
C°. Striae deep ; body lesser size . : ; : : : . aterrimus
C?. Pronotum sinuate laterally. : : ; ; ; . monticola
C!. Striae fine, body larger size . : d : : : . ambiguus
B. Elytra oblong ovate.
C?. Striae deep . ‘ ; : ; : solutilis
C*. Elytra with six Hecate striae on onc Side ‘ : : f agilis
C1, Elytra with five discoidal striae on each side. : : : laetulus
B!. Elytra plainly ovate. |
C*. Elytra with six shallow discoidal striae ; intervals plane, one dorsal puncture
on 3rd interval . ‘ : : tabulae
Cl. Elytra with six deep aneeoidal Ane inigteale eee two conspicuous
punctures on 3rd interval . 3 : ‘ é 3 scitulus
Al. Anterior tibiae obliquely truncate oukwaralle:
B*. Elytra oblongo-ovate. Elytra with five dorsal striae on each side. Pesterior
angles of pronotum not acute. : : ; : : parilis
Bt. Elytra oblong.
C*. Posterior angles sharp, projecting . ‘ 3 : : 5 pallipes
C*. Elytra with six dorsal striae on each side : : : rufipes
C*. Elytra with seven dorsal striae, the fourth cigotenie. outwardly towards the
apex : : . YUVAL
C1. Elytra with seven clorsal stig. the fous not dliveeoitts aueaediy gravis

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 645

Trechus mashunus sp. un.

Chestnut red, shiny, palpi, antennae, and legs testaceous. Closely
allied to 7. aterrumus, but a little more robust, and with the elytra less
parallel; the latter have also three discoidal striae without any
trace of a fourth, but the second reaches as far back as the first ; the
three are distinctly deeper than in 7. aterrimus, and the intervals are
more convex ; the two striae above the outer margin are conspicuous.

Length, 4 mm.; width, 2 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Trechus monticola sp. n.

Piceous black, shiny, antennae fuscous with the first joint reddish ;
palpi and legs rufescent ; head sulci very deep and strongly arcuate ;
pronotum ampliate cordate, a little broader than long, moderately
attenuate but not sinuate towards the base ; elytra oblong, each with
three discoidal deep striae, the outer one of which begins at the
anterior puncture but stops short of the declivity; hind sinus
distinct.

Closely related to T. aterrumus, but smailer, and differing in the
shape of the pronotum, which is shorter in proportion and more
rounded laterally, and less attenuated towards the base; the legs
are flavescent instead of deep fuscous. 3

Length, 3 mm.; width, 13 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Hottentots Holland Mountains, Caledon Division,
4000 feet).

Trechus ambiguus Per.

Deser. Cat., p. 589.

Colour and shape of 7. aterramus, but larger; the pronotum is
proportionally more ampliated laterally ; the disposition of the striae
in the elytra are the same, but they are finer and shallower, and
so are the two supra-marginal ones, which are, however, quite
distinct. The type was described from an immature example.

Length, 5 mm.; width, 2 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Ceres district, Matroosberg, 3800 feet ; Tulbagh,
Great Winterhoek, 4000 feet).

Trechus agilis sp. n.

Slender, elongate, pale, testaceous, with the head and pronotum
redder, and an infuscate elongate sutural patch past the median part

646 Annals of the South African Museum.

of the elytra ; antennae infuscate, with the three basal joints rufescent;
legs flavescent. Head with the sulci very deep ; pronotum cordate,
sinuate laterally, base half the width of the elytra and a little narrower
than the apex; elytra elongate, oblong, but slightly ampliate past
the middle, and having on each side six discoidal striae, the first three
starting from near the base, the other three from a short distance
from it ; the juxta-sutural stria alone reaches the apex, the other four
stop a little short of it, the sixth being still shorter ; the apical sinus
is indistinct.

Length, 3} mm. ; width, 14 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Clanwilliam).

Trechus pallipes Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 589.

Locality. —Cape (Oudebosch, Caledon Division).

Trechus rufipes Boh.
Deser. Cat., p. 589.

IEE ONI OOS Levan, OG, Cliign 10s Ds),
Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage) ; 8. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Trechus vivax Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 590.

Locality.—Cape (Uitenhage) ; Natal (Malvern).

Trine BEMBIDIINT.
Descr. Cat., p. 591.

Key to the Genera.

A*. Eyes large; anterior tibiae not distinctly obliquely truncate inwardly
towards the apex; a juxta-scutellary stria, and eight striae on each
elytron . ; é ; : : ‘ , : Bembidium

A’. Eyes moderate ; anterior tibiae not obliquely truncate ; no juxta-scutellary
stria ; number of striae seldom normal, and even reduced to one Tachys

A’*. Eyes entirely obliterated ; body depressed 5 . : Scotodipnus

A’. Eyes with a few facets ; body depressed : : d . Heterilius

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 647

Gen. BEMBIDIUM Latr.

Syn: Peryphus Meg.
Descr. Cat., p. 591.

Bembidium varvegatum Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 592.

Locality.—Nearly the whole of South Africa, except a few south
western districts of the Cape.

Bembidium sobronum Boh.
Descr. Cat., p. 592.

Boheman’s description leaves no doubt as to the shape of the
pronotum being the same as in B. variegatum, the only difference
being the livery of the elytra being dull greenish bronze with a narrow
apical transverse flavescent band. This livery I have only seen,
however, in B. diversum, the pronotum of which is plainly angular
laterally in the middle.

Bembidium diversum sp. n.

In size this species closely approximates B. variegatum except for
the shape of the pronotum, which instead of being ampliate rounded
(not slightly angular as stated, loc. cit.) laterally towards the middle,
is there plainly angular and even acute; the livery of the elytra,
instead of being more or less green tessellated with yellow elongate
patches, or yellowish dotted with green spots, is dull-green except
towards the apex, where there is a narrow yellow border ascending
the margin for a short distance. This livery approximates very
closely that of B. sobrinum, as stated above.

Length, 4 mm.; width, 1} mm.

Locality.—Cape (Dunbrody) ; Mozambique (Rikatla).

Gen. Tacuys Sch.
Descr. Cat., p. 593.

A2, Discoidal striae beginning at or near the base.

B2, No deep impression on each side of the base.

C*. Elytra with eight striae on each side; striae normal, lateral ones seriate
punctate ; body light testaceous : : : : . emeritus

(Ox

ibe

Cz

Ce

Annals of the South African Museum.

. Elytra with six discoidal striae, the outer one interrupted at both ends; body

somewhat robust; bronze green, with a faint posterior reddish patch
crassiusculus

. Elytra with six discoidal striae of equal length and depth, body more slender,

light testaceous : . precarrvus

. Elytra with six discoidal See the cen ill segue euth obliterated,

iridescent pale reddish, with a broad median transverse fuscous band on
the elytra : : migrator

. Elytra with five Aeeocell Re. Sides of Forel ieaethy fifth distinct ;

elytra with two longitudinal yellow bands on each side . : invictus
Striae of equal length, fifth less distinct ; testaceous, with discoidal part of
elytra fuscous, iridescent . : é vicarws
EKlytra with five discoidal striae, but the fifth te end dicanpearane beyond
uke basal part ; testaceous ; discoidal part of elytra iridescent.
. Antennae fuscous . : ; : ‘ : : caffer
. Antennae wholly flavous, size ratsilis : 2 . umtalensis
fee with a deep, often conspicuous impression on eae side of the base.
Impression shallow, elytra oblong.

a*, Elytra with five discoidal striae, body black : : : VeSCUS
a+. Elytra with four discoidal striae; head and pronotum black; elytra
flavescent, with a narrow black border . : 5 : gratus

Impression deep ; elytra oblongo-ovate or oblong.
a*. Elytra with five discoidal lines; elytra oblongo-ovate, convex, body
testaceous red. : : ‘ ‘ . secutorius
at. Elytra with four theentdal striae.
6+. Elytra with the discoidal striae smooth, the third short, the fourth shorter,
not produced beyond the two dorsal punctures, body black — capicola
3. Elytra with the discoidal striae smooth, second and third short and of
equal length, fourth longer . : : spuriwus
6*. Elytra with the discoidal striae puaovelate: asad Aid fourth of nearly
equal length and only a little shorter than the second, which reaches

oa

the declivity : , vagans
61. Elytra very convex, used stria not nalaneed ea a oath very short,
sometimes sub-evanescent basal stria . : fartus

. Discoidal striae, not beginning at the base, except che fret
. Elytra with three discoidal striae.
. Elytra with the third striae reaching only the two punctures, eighth stria

present ; colour black, iridescent. ‘ : : : faustus

. Elytra with a supra-apical well-defined yellow patel ‘ , khovnus
. Elytra with the discoidal striae hardly defined and evanescent past the median

part ; piceous black, shiny : ‘ : : : picinus

. Elytra much depressed in the centre, second and third stria reaching the

hind declivity . 5 : : : : : . shiluwanus

. Elytra with two discoidal ane
. Pronotum cordate ; elytra slightly ampliate ; elytra with two rufo-flavescent

patches on each side.
a, Elytra somewhat convex behind ; striae deeply punctured . apicalis
a‘. Elytra nearly plane, striae less deeply punctate . : . mutans

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 649

C>. Pronotum less or not cordate, elytra not ampliate.

a®?. Red, with a broad fuscous band extending from side to side moestus

a?. Piceous, elytra with a longitudinal yellowish band, and an elongate
ovate patch towards the apex : : d . gucundulus

a. A small posterior reddish patch on each “Alle 5 : . crassescens

C+. Pronotum more cordate ; antennae infuscate, legs flavescent . exIGUus
C®. Pronotum less cordate, antennae and legs black : : . agatinus
C*. Pronotum transverse, distinctly sinuate laterally ; elytra depressed, striae
smooth ; colour stramineous ; antennae normally filiform . arrogans

Ct. Pronotum rounded, not distinctly sinuate laterally ; elytra less depressed,
striae smooth, colour flavous, antennal joints not filiform F cautus

B1. Elytra with one discoidal stria.
C*. Five ultimate joints of antennae whitish.

a*. Elytra strongly ovate, with humeral angles strongly projecting.

b?. The juxta-sutural line and a short sub-humeral stria very fine; an
occasional round yellowish patch on each side of the posterior part of
the elytra ; antennae slender : . : . humeralis

bt. The juxta-sutural stria and sub- alta line deeper and longer ;
antennae slender. : : ; : optimus

1. Elytra oblongo-ovate, with ie nena al nabs not projecting ; juxta-
sutural line deep, no sub-humeral stria; antennae not slender
sebakwensis
Cl, Antennal joints concolorous.
a*, Elytra oblong or oblongo-ovate ; concolorous.
64. Elytra oblongo-ovate, body somewhat robust, stria quite distinct, also

the posterior sinus ‘ : : ‘ 5 humilis
6°. Elytra oblongo-ovate, body i Oba ‘ : : . nanniscus
6%. EKlytra oblong, body very minute, stria distinct, posterior sinus
evanescent. , : . pusillamus
b'. Elytra oblong, body very nee stria ies ysis é minutissvmuUs

a1. Hlytra very ampliate, two distinct yellow patches on each side dives

Tachys emeritus Pér.

Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 36).

Pale testaceous, with the antennae and palpi light flavescent ;
head smooth, eyes bulging; prothorax transverse, a little attenuate
and slightly sinuate from the median part towards the base, with
the angle sharp, smooth, with a distinct longitudinal impression, the
basal one deep and smooth ; elytra oblong, and having eight punctate
striae with the first four intervals, the 3rd especially, somewhat
tectiform ; the Ist stria reaches from the base to the apical sinus;
the others begin equally at the top of the basal depression, and reach
the top of the posterior declivity ; the 6th and 7th are continued a
little further as a series of deep punctures; the two dorsal punctures

650 Annals of the South African Museum.

on the 3rd interval are very distinct. In the original description I
mentioned five striae only.
1 . 1
Length, 14 mm.; width, ? mm.

Locality.—Cape (Enon, Dunbrody).

Tachys crassvusculus Pér.

Descr. Cat., p. 594.

Locality.—Transvaal (Shilouvane, Pietersburg); 8S. Rhodesia
(Sebakwe).

Tachys mgrator Fauv.

Deser. Cat., p. 595.
Locality.—Cape (Stellenbosch, Dunbrody).

Tachys invictus sp. n.

Metallic green, shiny; the five basal antennal joints, palpi, and
legs flavescent ; head normal, sulci short; pronotum broad, wider
than long, attenuate rounded laterally in the anterior part, very
little behind and hardly sinuate above the sharp, slightly projecting
outer angle; elytra oblong, a little wider than the base of the pro-
notum, shoulders somewhat rounded and having each five discoidal
somewhat deep striae, the juxta-sutural of which alone is entire; two
and three begin at the base, four and five at some distance from it,
and all four stop short of the declivity, the second being, however,
more prolonged ; hind sinus very distinct ; each elytron has a yellow
elongate supra-humeral band extending from the outer margin to the
fifth discoidal stria, and reaching from near the base to about the
median part of the length, and a broader one beginning along the
outer margin at about the second third of the length, and extending
on the discoidal part as far as the apex of the striae, and reaching
posteriorly the suture below the second discoidal stria.

Allied to Tachys crassvusculus Boh., and of the same build. The
pronotum is a little longer, there are five discoidal striae instead of
six, and the yellow markings of the elytra are very distinct. Occa-
sionally a faint reddish-yellow patch in the posterior part of the
elytra 1s discernible in T. crassvusculus.

Length, 34 mm. ; width, 14 mm.

Locality.—Natal (Isipingo).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 651

Tachys umtalensis sp. n.

Not unlike 7. precarius in general appearance and likewise wholly
testaceous, but there are five discoidal and deeper striae on each side
of the elytra instead of six. On this account it approximates 7. caffer,
but the antennae are wholly flavescent instead of being infuscate ;
the first discoidal stria is deeper, second and third shorter; the size
is about one-third less than T. caffer.

Length, 24-23 mm.; width, 1-1{ mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

Tachys vagans Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 596.

Locality.— Transvaal (Kaapmuiden, Komati Poort).

Tachys faustus Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 596.

Locality.— Natal (Malvern); Transvaal (Weltervreden); Bechu-
analand (Ramoutsa) ; S. Rhodesia (Umtali, Livingstone).

Tachys khownus sp. n.

Black, shiny, antennae long, joints elongate, black with the first
two flavescent ; palpi black; prothorax broadly cordate, distinctly
sinuate above the base, the angle of which is sharp and smooth,
longitudinal transverse basal impressions normal ; elytra oblong, and
having in the posterior part a transverse flavous patch ; each elytron
has three deep, smooth striae, the first one entire, the second begins
at some distance from the basal impression and reaches the declivous
part opposite the hind margin of the apical patch, the third begins at
the first puncture and is continued beyond the second; the eighth
stria 18 entire and very deep, especially near the shoulders.

Length, 24 mm. ; width, 12 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Clanwilliam).

Tachys shiluwanus sp. un.

Black, iridescent; antennae and legs infuscate. Very closely
allied to T. faustus and easily mistaken for this species, but the
iridescence is stronger, the depression along the suture is very marked,

652 Annals of the South African Museum.

and the second and third striae, which are not so deep as in 7. faustus,
reach the rounding of the hind declivity.

Length, 2+ mm.; width, 12 mm.

Locality.—Transvaal (Pietersburg, Shilouvane).

Tachys moestus sp. n.

Red, with a broad fuscous band on the elytra occupying about one-
third of the area and extending from side to side; elongate-oblong,
antennae, legs, and palpi flavescent ; head normal; pronotum trans-
verse, slightly attenuate sinuate laterally towards the base but not
cordiform ; elytra deeply impressed at the base and bearing each
two discoidal deep striae, the first of which is entire, but the second
begins at one-fifth of the length and reaches slightly further than the
top of the declivity. More parallel than 7. «mtans, the livery of
_ which it approximates ; it is easily distinguished by its much smaller
size, and by the pronotum being broader and less attenuate laterally
towards the base.

Length, 2 mm.; width, 2 mm.

Locality.—Transvaal (Kaapmuiden).

Tachys exiguus Boh.
Deser. Cat., p. 598.
Locality.—Cape (Cape Town, Beaufort West, Clanwilliam).

Tachys agatinus sp. 0.

Black, very shiny, antennae and legs deep black, somewhat robust.
Allied to T. exiguus, which it closely resembles, but is distinguished
by the deep black antennae and legs; the pubescence on the joints
of the former is long and greyish; the shape of the pronotum and
elytra is alike, and the latter has also two discoidal striae, but in
T. agatinus the second stria is shorter than in T. exiguus, beginning
only slightly above the first discoidal puncture and reaching only the
top of the hind declivity.

Length, 2 mm.

Locality.—Cape (Tulbagh, 4000 feet).

Tachys humeralis Per.
Descr. Cat., p. 599.

Syn: 7. servilis Pér., Suppl. Descr. Cat., p. 370.
Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Umtali).

a fs ’
, a

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera). 653

Tachys optimus Peéxr.
Suppl. Deser. Cat., p. 370.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Salisbury).

Tachys sebakwensis sp. n.

Black, shiny, antennae fuscous with the five apical joints whitish,
legs flavescent with the tibiae slightly lighter ; head of normal shape ;
pronotum regularly ampliate rounded, but slightly angular in the
middle and a little narrower across the base than at the apex ; elytra
oblong, with the base nearly straight and the humeral angles sharp,
but not projecting ; the juxta-sutural stria is deep and smooth, and
so is the posterior sinus; the eighth stria is equally deep.

This species is easily recognised from the other two South African
species in which the apical joints of the elytra are whitish—ie. T.
humeralis and T. optumus—in the greater thickness of the antennal
joints, the five joints of which, instead of six, are white, in the much
more ampliated pronotum, the less ovate elytra, the not acuminate
humeral angles, and the more robust facies.

Length, 3 mm.; width, 14 mm.

Locality.—S. Rhodesia (Sebakwe).

Tachys humilis Per.
Descn) Cat. pp, 599:

Syn: TP. debilis Pér., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. v, 1908, p. 295:

Tachys pusilumus Pér.
WescraCate p. 099:

This species was not recorded from Salisbury, as stated by me
(loc. Cit.).

Tachys dives sp. n.

Piceous black, shiny, antennae and legs flavous ; head of the normal
shape, with the eyes very bulging; antennae pale flavescent with
the basal joimt darker; pronotum broadly ampliate, sub-orbicular,
one-fourth broader than long, not sinuate towards the base, which
is equal in width to the apex; elytra slightly more than twice the
width of the pronotum at its widest part, oblong, with the shoulders
slightly sloping but with the angles distinct ; the juxta-sutural stria

654 Annals of the South African Museum.

is smooth and reaches from a distance from the base to the apex ;
the posterior sinus is strongly marked, and so is the eighth stria ; on
each side are two very distinct yellow patches, the anterior a little
larger and more quadrate than the posterior one, which is rounded
but a little transverse ; the fore tibiae are of the normal shape, but
somewhat ampliate above the supra-apical spinose angle.

The ampliate shape of the pronotum and elytra in proportion to —
its length is a feature peculiar to this South African species.

Length, 3 mm.; width, 1; mm.

Locality.—Transvaal (Kaapmuiden).

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera).

ABACETIDES .
Abacetus .
Abatus :
aberrans (Melanodes)
aculeatus (Chlaenius)
aenescens (Abacetus) .
Aephnidius
affinis (Trechus)
agatinus (‘Tachys)
agilis (Abacetus)

Perec inus))
alacer (Abacetus)

» (Platynus)
albicornis (Euleptus) .
alienus (Abacetus)
alticola (Mosuta)
amaroides (Stomonaxus)
ambiguus (Trechus)
amoenus (Callistomimus)
amplicollis (Epigraphus)
ampliolatus (Systolocranius)
Anaulacus 4
anceyl (Cophosomorpha)
Anchomenus :
Angionychus
angolensis (Oodes)
angustatus (Chlaenius)
angusticollis (Rhopalomelus)
apicalis (Tachys)
arrogans (Tachys)
aterrimus (Abacetus)

Ae (Trechus)

Atimus :
Atrotus : :
aurantiacus (Microcosmus) .
auspicatus (Abacetus)

B
Badister .
Barnardia
Bascanidius
Bascanus . :
BEMBIDIINI .
Bembidium
Berea :
bipustulatus (Chlaenius)
blaisea (Cophosomorpha)
bohemani (Chlaenius)
bonvouloiri (Hudema)

INDEX.
C
PAGH
618 | caffer (Berea) :
618 », (Callistomimus)
616 », (Chlaenius)
606 », (Kuleptus)
601 a3 (Weelanys)) é
623 | caffra (Cophosomorpha)
611 | Callistomimus ,
646 | Camptoscelis
652 | capensis (Chlaenius)
620 | capicola (Chlaenius) ;
645 aS (Cophosomorpha) .
620 a (Platynus)
642 os (Tachys)
643 | captatrix (Chalcochrous)
622 | CARABIDAE .
635 | carinatus (Tefflus)
617 | carinipennis (Anaulacus)
645 | castelli (Macquena)
603 | cautus (Tachys)
583 | Celioschesis
604 | chalceus (Abacetus)
611 | chalcites (Abacetus)
631 | Chalcochrous
641 | cham (Chlaenius)
643 | CHLAENINI
605 | Chlaenius . :
596 | clarus (Abacetus) : :
602 | coeruleolimbatus (Chlaenius)
648 | coeruleopennis (Chlaenius) .
649 | comes (Chlaenius)
620 | commistus (Chlaenius)
644 | communimacula (Chlaenius)
630 | complanatus (Laemosthenes)
610 | concinnus (Spanus)
583 | concors (Abacetus)
619 | conformis (Abacetus)
A (Chlaenius)
congener (Macquena)
610 | congruens (Abacetus)
637 MA (Macquena)
609 | consobrinus (Chlaenius)
608 | consors (Chlaenius)
646 | conspicuus (Oodes)
647 | controversus (Chlaenius)
626 | Cophosomorpha :
598 | coscinioderus (Chlaenius)
632 | costipennis (Chlaenius)
592 | Craspedophorus

581 | crassescens (Tachys) .

655

PAGE
627
603
589
642
648
632
602
630
593
599
631
641
648
638
579
580
611
635
649
628
620
623
638
600
583
583
622
586
586
597
596
586
640
614
623
623
593
635
622
635
587
588
605
598
631
596
600
580
649

656 Annals of the South African Museum.

crassicornis (Abacetus)
crassiusculus (Tachys)
crenatostriatus (Atimus)
33 (Platynus) .
eribellatus (Chlaenius)
eribricollis (Chlaenius)
crudelis (Culaenius)
cupreocinctus (Chlaenius)
cursor (Abacetus)
cyanipennis (Chlaenius)
eylindricollis (Chlaenius)
Cyrtomoscelis
Cyrtomoscelis

D
debilis (Tachys)
degener (Chalcochrous)
delagoensis (Abacetus)
delegorguei (Tefflus) .
dichroa (Cophosomorpha)
dichrous (Chlaenius) .
dilucidus (Abacetus) .
Dinodes
discrepans (Abacetus)
dispar (Ectenognathus)
DISPHAERICINI
Disphaericus
dissidens (Bascanidius)

is (Camptoscelis)

s (Chlaenius) .
distigma (Celioschesis)
DITOMINI :
ditulus (Chlaenius)
diversa (Cophosomorpha)
diversum (Bembidium)
diversus (Abacetus)
diversus (Abacetus)
diversus (Platynus)
dives (Tachys) .
dohrni (Chlaenius)
Drimostoma A
DRI MOSTOMIDES .
dussaulti (Chlaenius) .

1D)

ebeninus (Melanodes)
Ketenognathus .
effugiens (Chlaenius) .
effulgens (Abacetus) .
elegans (Callistomimus)
elegans (Huleptus)
elegans (Melaenus)
elizabethae (Cophosomorpha)
emeritus (Abacetus)
(Platynus)
(Tachys)

99

99
Enoicus
enonensis (C hlaenius)
Epicosmus

PAGE

619
650
630
641
592
596
084
089
620
597
597
626
626

|

epigraphidus (Umtalius)
Epigraphus :
EKudema

Euleptus .

evulsus (Abacetus)
exiguus (Tachys)
Exocus :
Extromus

FE

fallaciosus (Flatynus)
fallax (Enoicus)
fartus (Tachys)
fasciger (Chlaenius)
faustus (Tachys)
fenestratus (Chlaenius)
ferrugineus (Exocus) .
festivum (Kudema)
finitimus (Chlaenius) .
forcipatus (Atrotus)
fraternus (Abacetus) .
fraternus (Chlaenius) .
Bs (Platynus)
fraudulens (Macquena)
fulvicollis (Chlaenius)
fulvipes (Chlaenius)

G

gilvipes (Phimus)

) (Platyaaus))
gracilis (Platynus)
gratiosum (Kudema) .
gratus (Callistomimus)

oo Lachiys))
gravis (Trechus)
guttatus (Callistomimus)

H

hacquardi (Chlaenius)
harpaloides (Phimus) .
Heterillus

hottentota (Camptoscelis)

humeralis (Tachys)
humilis (Tachys)
hypocritus (Chlaenius)

I

imitans (Tachys)
immaculatus (Chlaenius)
impictum (Hudema) .
incertus (Melanodes) .
infersus (Chlaenius)
Inkosa :
inopinus (Abacetus)
inordinata (Wahlbergia)
insolitus (Platynus)
insuetus (Callistomimus)
ss (Platynus) .

e

PAGE
601
083
580
642
621
652
629
644

641
640
648
592
651
592
629
o81
585
610
622
593
642
635
094.
595

643
642
641
581
603
648
644
603

589
643
646
630
652
653
587

648
584
O81
606
594
627
620
636
641
603
641

DP te ee Se

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera).

intermedia (Macquena)
intermedius (Euleptus)
2 (Melanodes)
interstitialis (Platynus)
invictus (Tachys)

J

jubatulus (Abacetus) .
jucundulus (Abacetus)
jucundulus (Tachys) .

K

kafuenus (Tefflus)
khoinus (Tachys)
kirki (Chlaenius)

L

lacustris (Chlaenius)
Laemosthenes

laetans (Cophosomorpha)
laetvusculus (Microcosmus) .
laetulus (Platynus)

a (Trechus)

Jaetus (Chlaenius)
laticollis (Hudema)

is (Stomonaxus)
latipennis (Platynus) .
latiuscula (Inkosa)
lautus (Abacetus)
lenis (Oodes)
leucoristus (Chlaenius)
levicollis (Chlaenius) .

% (Oodes)
LICININI : :
limbatus (Chlaenius) .
limbipennis (Chlaenius)
lividus (Angionychus)
longicornis (Celioschesis)
lucidulus (Abacetus) .

a (Chlaenius) .
lugens (Chlaenius)
lugubrina (Cophosomorpha)
luror (Atrotus) .

M

Macquena
macroptera (Macquena)
madagascariensis (Aephnidius)
majorinus (Abacetus)
malvernensis (Abacetus)
marginicollis (Chlaenius)
marginipennis (Chlaenius) .
marleyi (Chlaenius)
mashunus (Abacetus)

Ms (Chlaenius)

(Trechus) .

MASOREIN LANs :
Megalonychus
Melaenus .

VOL. XXIII, PART 3.

PAGE
634
643
606
642
650

625
621
649

580
651
086

a99 |
640 |

634
583
641
644
597
581
617
641
627
619
605
586
597
605
609
586
586
643
628
619
084
595
631
610

634 |

634
611
624
619
588
586
591
625
599

645 |

611
640

607 |

| Melanodes

mendax (Chlaenius)
merum (Kudema)
Metaxys
Microcosmus
Microus
migrator (Tachys)
mimus (Abacetus)

», (Chlaenius)
minor (Teratotarsa)
minutissimus (Tachys)
minutus (Abacetus)
mocquerysi (Microus). ,
modesta (Cophosomorpha) .
modestus (Chlaenius) .
moestus (‘LTachys)
molossus (Tefflus)
monticola (Trechus) .
morio (Chlaenius)
Mosuta ;
myops (Chlaenius)

N

namaquensis (Phimus)
nanniscus (Abacetus) .

a (Phimus)
3 (Tachys)
nanus (Abacetus)
en Oodes)

natalensis (Abacetus)

x (Chlaenius) .

53 (Cophosomorpha)

a (Cyrtomoscelis) .
natalensis (Disphaericus)
natalensis (Oodes)

ee (Platynus)

A (Stomonaxus)
natalicus (Disphaericus)
nigrinus (Abacetus)
nitens (Abacetus)
nitidiceps (Chlaenius)
nobile (Hudema)
notabilis (Chlaenius) .
nuncius (Chlaenius)

O

oblongus (Platynus) .
obsequiosus (Platynus)
obtusus (Abacetus)
Ocybatus .
Ogmophora

Oodes :

OOIDINI

optimus (Abacetus)

a (Tachys)
opulentum (Hudema)
ornatum (HKudema)
orphanus (Chlaenius)
otiosus (Chalcochrous)
ovambo (Chlaenius)

43

607

PAGE
606
599
581
616
582
612
650
621
594
636
649
620
612
633
595
652
579
645
586
635
588

643
620
643
649
620
605
623
588
634
626
614
605
641
618
614
619
621
586
581
596
586

640
640
618
083
638
605
604
622
653
O81
581
584
639
593

658 Annals of the South African Museum.

P
pallidus (Anaulacus) .
pallipes (Trechus)
palpalis (Oodes) .
palustris (Abacetus)
PANAGAEINI
Parachlaenius
parallelicollis (Abacetus)
parilis (Trechus)
pauper (Platynus)
pavoninus (Abacetus)
Perileptus
peringueyi (Ogmophora)
perplexus (Abacetus) .
perspicillaris (Chlaenius)
perturbator (Abacetus)
Peryphus . :
Phimus .
piceus (Chlaenius)
picinus (Tachys)
pilosellus (Abacetus)
pilosulus (Abacetus) .
placeus (Callistomimus)
PLATYNINI
Platynus
POGONINI
Pogonus :
precarius (Tachys)
pretiosum (HKudema) .

pretorianus (Parachlaenius)

promontorii (Badister)
pronus (Chlaenius)

propinqua (Cophosomorpha)

propinquus (Abacetus)
proximus (Abacetus) .
A (Melanodes)

pseudodichroa (Cophosomorpha)

PTEROSTICHIDES
PTEROSTICHINI
Pteroticus . ‘
puqnator (Melanodes).
pulchellus (Chlaenius)
pulcher (Exocus)
pumilus (Abacetus)
pusillimus (Tachys)
pygmaeus (Abacetus)

Q

quadrimaculatus (Chlaenius)
quadripustulatus (Callistomimus)
qguadrisignatus (Chlaenius) .

R
raffrayi (Chlaenius)
rebellis (Chlaenius)
rectangulus (Melanodes)
reichei (Chlaenius)
Rhathymnus
Rhembus

PAGE
611
646
605
619
579
602
621
644
641
621
644
638
623
593
620
647
643
601
648
625
625
603
639
640
644
644
648
581
602
610
599
633
619
619
607
631

626
614
583
606
593
630
625
653
624

. 588

602
595

587
590
606
585
616
610

Rhizotrachelus
rhodesiana (Trichisia)
Rhopalomelus :
rikatlense (Kudema) .
robustus (Chlaenius)
rufipes (Platynus)

», (Lrechus)

scitulus (Trechus)
Scotodipnus :
sebakwensis (Tachys) ©
secutorius (‘Tachys)
senegalensis (Chlaenius)
5 (Oodes) .
servilis (Tachys)
servitulus (Abacetus) .
setulosus (Abacetus) .
sexmaculatum (Hudema)
sexpustulatus (Callistomimus)
shilouvanus (Abacetus)
shiluwanus (Tachys) .
signatus (Chlaenius) .
similatus (Oodes)
simplex (Chlaenius)
simulatus (Chlaenius)
sobrinum (Bembidium)
solivagus (Chlaenius) .
solutilis (Trechus)
Somoplatus
soror (Cophosomorpha)
Spanus
spurius (Stomonaxus)

» (lachys) ;
stenotrachelus (Chlaenius) .
Steropomorpha .
Sthenocranion .
Stomonaxus .
striatitarsis (Platynus)
substriatus (Oodes)

se (Somoplatus)
sulcatus (Chlaenius)
sulcipennis (Chlaenius)
superciliaris (Barnardia)
superstes (Chlaenius)
Systolocranius .

T

tabulae (Trechus)

Tachys

Tefflus ; :
tenuicollis (Chlaenius)
tenuipunctatus (Microcosmus)
Teratotarsa :
tigreanus (Chlaenius) .
transvaalensis (Platynus)
trapezicollis (Chlaenius)
trechoides (Abacetus)

PAGE
583
582
602
581
098
641
646

644
646
653
648
600
605
652
619
625
581
603
620
651
595
606
598
596
647
596
644
612
631
614
618
648
585
638
617
617
641
606
612
588
586
637
600
604

644
647
519
596
582
636
589
642
588
620

Descriptions of New Species of Carabidae (Coleoptera).

Trechus
Trichisia .
trivialis (Berea)

U
umtalensis (Abacetus)
A (Tachys) .

umtalianus (Platynus)
Umtalius .

V

vagans (Tachys)
validicornis (Chlaenius)
validus (Systolocranius)
variegatum (Bembidium)
velox (Platynus)
verecundus (Chlaenius)

PAGE
644
582
626

624
651
640
601

651
599
605
647
641
594

Vertagus . :
vertagus (Abacetus)
vescus (Tachys)
vexator (Abacetus)
viarius (Abacetus)
vicarius (Tachys)
violaceus (Tefflus)
vitticollis (Chlaenius)
vivax (Trechus)

W
Wahlbergia

Z

zambezianum (Eudema)
zambesianus (Abacetus)
zanzibaricus (Chlaenius)

595

i

Ao

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A
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ea

vi}

Part re 7 Oe Day Lis 1 8/3 |
Vol. I1T.— Part 1; out of print ; Pale oe 1/6;
. Part.'555/6 3s Part 6, Wes Par
Index, Title, etc., 1/6. a
Vol. IV (containing Palaeontologieal pee 2
Geological Survey).— pct
Part 1, 11/-; Part 2, Tas as
_ Part 6, 4/6; Part 7, 14/-,
‘Vol. V.—Part 1, 4/6 ; Part 2, 8/6; Part 3,.
Part 6, 5/-; Part 7, Bhs
MBihes Ste. Oe ee : .
Vol. VI.—Part 1, 13/6; Part 2. 4/6 Part 3 | is P
Title, ete., 1/6. eh eae

Cedlonsal Sivoo sas

Part 1, 3/-; Part 2, out. of one 3.

_ Part 5, 5/6; Part 6, 1/6; Index, Title, nie ee

Vol. VIL —Complete, out of print. Index, Title, ete., 1 /6.
Vol. [X.—Part 1, 4/6; Part 2, 5/6; Part 3, 10/-; Part 4, 6
Part 6, Il; Part 7, 9/-; Index, Title, etc... i /6. ice

Vol. X.—Part 1, Ayese Part 2, 2/6; Part 3, 2/-; Part 4, 8-;P ae

- Part 6, 3/-; Pare Ve 10/-; ‘Part 8, 2/6 ; Part 9, Dee

| Part I, a Part 12, 7 be “Complete.

Le XI

Part 6, 11 i ae Title, etc., and Plate
Vol. xu (containing Palacontological Lae published i in conju i
ea Survey).— eet
Part 1, 15/6: Part 2, 3/6
Part 6, 6/—; Part 7, 20/-
‘Vol. XU. —Part ‘1, 6/-* Part 2,
Part 5; oe Part a ee

a, XVL Sad 30/65 Pad 2 4,

‘Vol. XVIL —Part 1K Tie Part 2, 9/6:

ig : 23 - Part 6, 2/6; Index, bs le,
Vol. XVII. —Part 1, 20/--; Part wae

Title, ete., 1/6. Le .

Wal. XIX. —Part i, 22/-; Part 2,

Ee ee oes) ee ie

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Plate I.

Ann. 8S. Afr. Mus., Vol. XXIII.

2

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Plate II.

Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., Vol. XXIII.

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S.-W. AFRICAN HEMIPTERA,

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Ann. S, Afr. Mus., Vol. X XIII.

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Plate IV.

Ann. S. Afr. Mus., Vol. XXIII.

eet:

A.J.H. del.

S.-W. AFRICAN HEMIPTERA.

Plate V.

Woll, SXOXIUU,

Ann. 8S. Afr. Mus.

A.J. H. del.

S.-W. AFRICAN HEMIPTERA.

Plate VI.

Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., Vol. X XITI.

ret eS SG:

A.J.H. del,

S.-W. AFRICAN HEMIPTERA,

Plate VII.

Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., Vol. X XIII.

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Ann. S. Afr. Mus., Vol. X XTII.

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Ann. 8S. Afr. Mus., Vol. X XIII. Plate X.

Plate XI.

Annals S. Afric Museum, Vol. XXIII.

HBrauds del

Hélio gDuj aaa Paris.

ALDMODAPH CHRATINOIDES Gab.

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Annals S Afric. Museum. Vol XXIII. Plate XII

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