Historic, archived document
Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.
-ORLAN
Price, 10 Cts.
1. 30 1923 % mnt of Agricultise.
po NURSERIES,
ORLANDO, FLORIDA.
GVSHGHGHSHGHD = JAMES MOTT, Proprietor.
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JAMES MOTT, Proprietor Orlando Nurseries.
To MDy Patrons.
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ARLY orders solicited. In sending early orders, you are surer of varieties and sizes wanted. Cash with order, or C. O. D. by ex- press. In ordering C. O. D., send one-fourth cash with order.
Remittances may be made by Express, Money Order, Registered Let- ter or Bank Draft. Plain and specific directions should be given how to ship, route, ete. No responsibility will be assumed by me after proper shipment; on the contrary, it must be distinctly understood that all articles, after leaving my hands in good condition, are entirely at the risk of the purchaser.
I take great care in packing, and with reasonable handling my packages will endure the longest journey in perfect safety. I am careful that stock shall be true to name. In case errors should occur in labelling, I will replace any trees thus wrongly named, or refund the price; but this guarantee is to go no farther, and we so mutually agree. I do not give any warranty, expressed or implied. To guar- antee would make me liable for your carelessness; therefore, all com- plaints must be made within ten days of receipt of goods. The many years’ experience I have had in handling trees tells that I know how. No charge for packing and delivering trees at railroad depot or express office. Correspondents will please write their post-office, county and state as plainly as possible.
To all wishing to plant trees, Iam glad to give all the information I am able regarding their culture, in the many important points that most of our planters, not having made it a study, are unacquainted with. My trees will be ready to go out December Ist.
Referring to ‘‘ Profits,’’ my idea is to get my profit from the un- usual growth, and not from the low prices at which I shall sell.
I appreciate your past trade, and want more of it, and realize that it can only be secured and held by fair treatment and good goods.
Very truly yours,
JAMES MOTT,
November, 1692. Orlando, Florida.
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HISTORY OF THE ORANGE.
BITTER ORANGE (Citrus vulgaris).
Its origin, as to any one special country, is somewhat in doubt. One writer says: ‘‘ There is every probability that the eastern region of India was its original country. Sir Joseph Hooker saw the bitter orange, certainly wild, in several districts to the south of the Himalayas, and Garwal and Sikkim as far as Phasia,’’ and it is thought the same orange is wild in Cochin China and China.
The Crusaders saw the bitter orange tree in Palestine. It was in- troduced into Spain by the Arabs, and likely also into the east of Africa. The opinion generally prevails that we are indebted to the early Spanish settlers or explorers for its introduction into this country, where we now find it growing wild from well south in Florida to as far north as Brunswick, Georgia.
SWEET ORANGE (Citrus aurantium dulcis).
Its history would make it of later introduction and culture than the bitter-sweet orange ; in its wild state it is not found over so large a sec- tion. De Candolle says: ‘‘ From collected facts it seems that the sweet orange is a native of China and Cochin China, with a doubtful and acci- dental extension of area by seed into India.”’
Up to the fifteenth century Arabian books and chronicles only men- tion the bitter or sour oranges. However, when the Portuguese arrived in the islands of southern Asia they found the sweet orange, and appar- ently it had not previously been unknown to them. Writers in the beginning of the sixteenth century speak of the sweet orange as a fruit already cultivated in Spain and Italy, and as we find it (but not often) in a wild state in our hammocks, it is presumable that it was brought to us also from Spain.
MANDARIN ORANGE (Citrus aurantium nobilis).
This was new to European gardens at the beginning of the present century. According to Kurz, the species is only cultivated in British Burmah, and from best information its area is restricted to Cochin China and a few provinces of China. .
4 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
THE SHADDOCK or GRAPE FRUIT (Citrus decumana).
Its culture has been extended over a very wide range of country, often in a wild state. One naturalist (Seeman) says: “‘It is extremely common about the Fiji Isles, and covering the banks of the rivers.’’ De Candolle says: ‘‘In China the species has a simple name, Yu, but its written character appears too complicated for a truly indigenous plant.’’ It is said to be common in China and Cochin China, and that in the islands to the east of the Malay Archipelago the clearest indica- tions of a wild state are found.
““Shaddock was the name of a captain who first introduced the species into the West Indies.’”’ The names pomelo and grape-fruit are more than likely local names given it since it came to Europe. Pome is the name of any fruit, the inside of which is divided. Webster says, ‘‘a fleshy or pulpy pericarp,’’ which is very marked in this fruit. The name grape-fruit likely comes from the form the fruit_takes on the tree, being produced in clusters, often twenty or more of the fruit in a bunch ; it is surprising the loads of fruit this tree will produce. There are three distinct forms, though while they are all shaddocks, the names of them somehow have become divided; the larger form is called pomelo, then shaddock, and the smaller strain grape-fruit. One is called pink shaddock, from the red color, both of skin and fruit. I am at a loss to know whether this was one of the distinct forms imported by Capt. Shaddock, as De Candolle, in his “‘ Origin of Cultivated Plants,”’ maker no mention of it. While I have no data, I think its introduc- tion, is later than that of the orange, as in no case have I found the grape-fruit wild, which is the case with both the sweet and bitter-sweet oranges.
There have been several importations since the real settlement of this country, from India and other sections, but in no case have I found them to be improvements over those first introduced. There have been, however, very decided improvements of our own origin in the last decade. The form in some instances has become somewhat changed ; the size less, skin thinner, with less seed and rag, and the quality changed from the pungent acid of the old form to that of a ‘“‘ delicious ”’ sweet fruit. All of these, so far as I have seen, are chance seedlings, and some of them, after it was found they were better, have been more or less preserved by budding.
I am very much inclined to the belief that often they are acciden- tally crossed with the orange. One I might mention, the Aurvantium
JAMES Morr, PROPRIETOR. 5
pomelo, as the name implies, partakes of both the sweet orange and the shaddock. It is said to have been an orange seed that produced it. The tree takes the form of the orange, while the fruit is produced in clusters ; in form not quite so much flattened, but it is that of the grape- fruit. In quality, to many tastes, it is superior to the orange. The bitter principle of the shaddock is somewhat retained, but it is covered up with the sweets and acids, and so nicely blended that it makes a fruit more rich, with a decided tone over that of the orange.
Should I attempt to account for these changes that have come since its introduction to this country, it would be speculative, yet, I believe, correct. Our very peculiar climate, that I know in other instances has brought about pomological changes that scientists of other sections have told us could not be, has caused this remarkable fruit to become crossed with the orange, until in it we have not only the health-giving principle of the parent grape-fruit that is so highly spoken of by our.best physicians, but the luscious sweet orange of Florida.
In the markets for our oranges there is a rapidly increasing demand for the common grape-fruit, and I can but believe that with the introduc- tion of these improved varieties, the demand will so increase that it will become more sought after than our famed orange.
6 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
SHORT HISTORY OF THE PEACH.
All the authors on the peach I am acquainted with assume that the peach is a native of Persia. Long lists of varieties are given, nearly all of American origin, except that the late A. J. Downing mentions having procured the Chinese Cling, Honey and Peen-to from China. The facts are, the peach is found wild in Turkey, Persia, Afghanistan, north- ern India, and all over China; and this accounts for the different strains — in use in our country. Each section has had its peaches that were adapted to that particular climate, and when taken to another country of similar climate, the peach is quite a long-lived tree. The peach first in use here is said to have been taken from Persia to Italy, and thence over Europe to our country. Then the Spanish peach, that is, presum- ably, from Turkey to Spain, and from there through the Carolinas to Florida. Again, the old Indian peach that came from Mexico up through the Mississippi Valley is, more than likely, a different strain of the peach from Turkey.
Then the Chinese Cling, we believe from northern China, the Honey from middle China, and the Peen-to, which is the peach found wild by Atchison, from southeast Afghanistan, from there to China. The Spanish peach was first to come into use in Florida with the advent of the first set- tlers, and while peach culture has not proved very successful in Florida, yet better results have come from the old Spanish Peach than all others» until the Peen-to came. This peach, in very many respects, is entirely distinct from all the other strains—it is a perennial tree from a tropical] climate ; hence its adaptability to our climate of Florida, more especially the southern part of the state.
All others seem to have come froma colder climate. There is some- thing in their physical organization that requires a lower mean tempera- ture than we have here, and conversely, the Peen-to is of no value in sections of much cold.
JAMES Mort, PROPRIETOR. 7
CITRUS FRUITS.
TIME TO PLANT.
While, as is often said, we can plant an orange tree here in Florida any day of the year, yet some days are better than others. All trees are best transplanted at a time when they are having a season of rest; and if we can catch the time when that rest is about over, and the tree is just ready to burst out into a new life, that is the best timeto plant. I like winter planting, provided it is done early enough—so the tree is at rest, and it may get the benefit of our winter rains. But to wait till spring, with the rapid growth on, and often our spring drouth about ready toset in, is, I consider, the poorest season of the whole year. Ihave had fine results in planting after the spring growth had stopped and the rains were beginning, and new growth just ready to start. Further than this I cannot give any general instructions, only never to allow the water even to be dried off the roots of an orange tree. Never leave roots, even for a few minutes, exposed to sun or air. A large portion of our trees are killed or permanently injured through the ignorance of the man that plants. Not only are roots dried up, but a little hole is dug and roots crooked around to fit it, and the tree ruined for all time.
I only propagate a few of the best known varieties, believing a dozen varieties of those that are best is better for a money crop than a list that takes all of the different kinds that may have their advocates. The supply of orange trees is limited; the greater portion is already sold to California. The demand at home is much greater than before in five years, and prices here given are subject to change after January 1,
1893. AURANTIUM POMELO.
Is a chance seedling, originating in Orange county, from an orange- seed procured from the noted Dummitt orange grove on Indian river. Is as much orange as grape-fruit—a hybrid beyond question. The most valuable acquisition to the citrus family yet grown. Fruit smaller, skin thin, less rag (or core); in quality sweet and very fine, with just enough of the bitter principle to prove that it is of the grape-fruit. This past win- ter the fruit sold in Chicago, netting the grower $2.30 a box, while his common grape fruit, same consignment, brought $1.20 a box. As it comes more into use, I shall expect to always outsell any other of the citrus fruits. It is therefore a good thing to plant largely of for real profit, and those who plant first will make the most. First-class trees,’75 cts.
each, wer dozen, $§@ per 100. 6a
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ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Hart’s Improved Grape=Fruit.
In general appearance of tree and fruit the same as Aurantium Pomedlo, in taste not quite so sweet; for people that like an acid fruit without the bitter of the common grape.fruit, it is a very desirable ac- quisition. Trees, first-class, 65 cts. each, $50 per 100.
Dollins Grape=Fruit.
A decided improvement of the common grape fruit. Trees, first- class, 50 cts. each, $40 per Ioo.
Common Grape-Fruit.
Trees, first-class, 50 cts. each, $4 per 100.
KIN KAN or KUMQUAT Orange.
A native of Japan, hence it withstands more cold than the Asiatic orange. Tree of dwarfish habit, a beautiful compact head, fine foliage ; when in fruit, very handsome; fruit is in clusters, is eaten from the hand without removing the skin, is fine, and much sought after for jams, preserves and pickles. Every one in Florida owning a piece of land should possess it. Trees, 1 to1¥ inches, 75 cts. each. (See opposite page).
Bessie’s Favorite.
Its many valuable points over all others are, size (200 to the box), thin skin, remarkable productiveness ; holds in perfection till May and June. A specimen placed in water sinks, which tells of the sugar it contains—the highest point of excellence in judging the merits of an orange. All combine to make it our most valuable market orange. Trees, 1 to 1% inches, 60 cts. each, $7 per dozen, $50 per too.
Boone’s Early.
Of the oranges that have come to us in the last decade, Boone’s Early is at the head of the list. It has many points to recommend it over all others. A month earlier than any other; is yellow and fully ripe the 1oth of October ; small size, thin skin, very little rag (or core) ; more of them without seeds than with seeds. Very pretty and most ex- cellent in quality, and ripening as it does a month ahead of any other, it is doubly valuable. For sections in frost danger, not only for us here in Florida, but for all the Gulf coast country of Texas and Louisiana where oranges are grown, it must prove a valuable find. Trees, 1 to 1% inches, $1 each, $10 per dozen, $75 per Ioo.
MOTT’S BLOOD.
A late importation from Calcutta, and the finest, so far, of my ac- quaintance. Small size, smooth, thin skin, showing blood inside and out; very pretty. Very few seeds, with little rag (or core), and most excellent in quality ; holds on the tree till May. Trees, one-year buds on one inch stocks, 75 cts. each, $7 per dozen, $50 per 100. (See page 11).
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Kin Kan or Kumquat Orange, (See opposite page.)
10 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Simms’ Summer.
A true Gi/rus vulgaris, found wild in the Apopka Hammock, with- out the bitter of the common wild orange of our hammocks. Without doubt a cross—the sour orange with the sweet. The tree has the char- acteristic of being in fruit the year around, and of holding on the tree for months after fully ripe. The original tree now has both green and ripe oranges, and they are picked from it ripe, juicy and deliciously sweet any day in the year.
The fruit is more even in size, a thinner skin than the old one, with less rag and but very few seeds ; and for home use, every garden where the wild orange will grow, from Tampa, Florida to Brunswick, Georgia, and all the Gulf coast sections where oranges are grown, should possess it. It surely must prove valuable as a market variety. Only to think of it—a ripe orange picked from the tree every morning before break- fast the year around! Trees, one-year buds on one-inch stocks, 75 cts. each, $7 per dozen, $50 per 100.
Satsuma.
This comparatively new orange is rapidly coming into favor. It be- longs to the Mandarin class, with its earliness; the tree being more hardy, it is being sought after, particularly in sections of frost danger. Trees, on 1 to 14-inch stock, 50 cts. each, $40 per 100.
King.
Or, as it is called often, ‘‘King of Siam.’’? No orange yet grown in Florida can compete with the King as a fancy fruit, and I think it has been sold for higher prices than any other—$12 and $15 per box the past spring. It is of the @fvus nobilis class (a ‘‘ Kid Glove’’), and with its glossy, highly colored skin, its beauty is most striking. It does not ripen till April, and at its proper season its quality is most excellent. Trees, one-year buds, 75 cts. each.
Mandarin Orange
Is of the Gitrus nobilis class, from Cochin China. As a dessert orange is much sought after, from the fact that the skin does not adhere to the pulp, and is easily removed with the fingers, as also the pulp is so divided in sections that they are parted easily, and one has the pleasure of eating a fine orange without losing a drop of the juice or soiling the hands. Trees, first-class, 50 cts. each, $40 per 100.
Tangierine Orange.
Of the same class as the Mandarin, with its beautiful clear skin, red in color when fully ripe, and a peculiar flavor that is pleasant to most tastes. These ‘‘ Kid Glove”’ oranges, as the Mandarin, Satsuma, Tan- gierine and King are called, are rapidly coming into use, taking the place of the Gtrus aurantium class. The Tangierine the past season, even during the reign of low prices for oranges, sold for high prices. Trees, first-class, 60cts. each, $50 per 100,
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Mott?’s Blood Orange.
12 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Parson Brown.
Termed a Florida orange ; its earliness makes it much sought after; next to Boone’s Early and Satsuma, it is the most valuable of the early oranges. Trees, first-class, 50 cts. each, $40 per Ioo.
Navel.
Riverside Navel carries its trade-mark with it, and is known as a superior orange; it is a very shy bearer, unless when budded to the sour orange or the French lemon stocks. Trees on sour, first-class, 60 cts. each, $50 per roo.
Tardiff.
Is too well-known to need a description ; its being late makes it so far the most profitable orange. Hon. Dudley W. Adams sold eleven boxes in the market July 2, which netted him, f. 0. b., $10 per box. Trees, first-class, on sour stock, 60 cts. each, $50 per 100; on sweet stock, 50 cts. each, Sapa per 100.
Maltese Blood.
Mr. Thomas Rivers, speaking of it, remarks: ‘‘ Maltese Blood takes the first rank.’’ Trees, first-class, 50 cts. each, ##@-per 100. g Jo Mediterranean Sweet.
One of our most profitable oranges; bears very ‘young and very fully ; that one known as Sanford’s Mediterranean holding on the tree till late in the season. One of our best orange growers here at Orlando, in answer to my question of what was his best all-around orange, said, “Mediterranean Sweet.’’ In my opinion, it stands several degrees more cold thanthe common orange. Trees, first-class, 50 cts. each, $40 per 100.
SOUR ORANGH SEEDLINGS. Once transplanted ; very fine. $5 per 1,000,
GRAPH FRUIT SEEDLINGS. Once transplanted, fine trees, 18 inches, $10 per 1,000. Write for prices on large lots.
CITRUS TRIFOLIATA. Pot-grown, 25 cts. each.
LEMONS.
Belair and Villa Franca. Two-year buds oni to 1%-inch stock, 50 cts. each, tf per dozen, $#eaper 100. 27
Bonnie Brae. It is new to me—I procured the buds from Cali- fornia. It is the lemon that was on exhibition last spring in Chicago, from California, of which we received such glowing accounts through the press. To me it seems the finest of all the lemon family. Small size, round, symmetrical; skin very thin; full of a delicate, pleasing juice. Trees, $1 each.
JAMES Mort, PROPRIETOR. 13
ORANGE CULTURE IN FLORIDA.
There are many different ideas of raising oranges here in Florida, and it seems almost as though each planter is trying to put in practice his own peculiar plan, be it what it may. TI often think that the orange will stand more abusive treatment (often ‘‘ manslaughter in the second degree,’’ not with “malice prepense,’’ but from ignorance of the laws of physical botany) than any other fruit-bearing tree, or we would hear more yet of that oft-repeated tale, ‘‘ oranges don’t pay.”’
With many, the ground must be kept clean, no grass or weeds left to grow, but all the time kept smooth. The pruning saw and shears play a very important part, and more often in the hands of some one who is as ignorant as a “‘man-eater of the Nile’’ of why a tree has roots, why bark, and why leaves; entirely ignorant of all the laws of the growth of plants. The tree is trimmed up, and then it is trimmed down ; it is ‘“‘thinned out to let in the sun and air;’’ the top is opened up, for fear there are too many branches; and often when the tree has gone through this whittling away of its life, I will call it, there is but little left of it. All it can do is to try and recover from this murderous attack ; but before it gets back again to full strength the operation is repeated, and the man who is so anxious to raise oranges looks on his helpless tree and wonders why it doesn’t grow better, and why he gets little or no fruit. As with the case of many planters, his money does not hold out, and he is not able to buy fertilizers, or he uses some cheap stuff that does not manure his trees at all, so starvation sets in, and he finds a serious trouble from that source.
Now, there is a right way, as well as such a multitude of wrong ways to do everything. We plant orange trees for fruit; it is very seldom they are for shade. A tree has roots, wood, bark, limbs and leaves. They all have their different offices to perform, and_all are essential to the strength and vigor of the plant. Each of the little fibrous roots has its little mouth, that drinks up its food from the soil, and it is said that each little mouth has its part of twig and leaf to feed (this I know in part to be true). The sap is propelled upward on the same principle as is water with a force pump—a certain force for a certain height—increasing as it goes up, until the height is reached beyond which there is not strength enough to send it up farther. The sap, in its watery state, as it goes up deposits whatever solids it contains for the strength of the plant, and the
14 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
water is thrown off into the atmosphere from one side of the leaf, while the other side is drinking in those elements that come from the air, pass- ing down through the inner bark, depositing its carbon, of which the new wood is formed.
If this be true, can we not see that the lower the tree the easier is the circulation of its sap, and also how essential it is that the tree has all its leaves, not only to draw up its food from the soil, but that it may drink in from the breezes by day and the soft dews by night its carbon and some nitrogen, of which 90 per cent. of the tree is made?
Now, with this not very well written statement, I hope some of my readers will stop and watch results, as my friend, John Harshbarger, of Merrimack, told mehedid. (And it was before he got over his tree prun- ing craze, too! )
On a visit to him, five years ago, he said he had something to show me, and we went tosee. In pruning a bearing tree, removing the water sprouts, he showed me one that had crept up through the tree so slyly that it had got away from him, and was not seen till it had gone clear above the rest of the tree; it had branched out and was too weak to hold up its weight of leaves, and it toppled over. His first thought was to cut it out, but it had got so large that it was a good part of the tree, and he thought best to let it remain. When I saw it there were 128 oranges on this two-year-old water sprout! From that time he has pruned less and less till, I guess, now he has got where many of our most practical growers have—not pruning at all.
DISEASES OF THE ORANGE.
This, to us here in Florida, is an important question. Did I feel myself able to handle it intelligently, it would take a larger volume than this little pamphlet, and I will briefly hint at some of the diseases that are now making so much trouble for our planters. While the ideas I propose to advance are original with me, I hope the reader will not think I am assuming too much, but search it out, as I am trying to do.
The orange isatree; innosensecanwecallitashrub. Often we find it here in our own state two feet or more in diameter ; and what a beau- tiful, grand tree! With its branches often sweeping the ground, its countless little twigs and leaves of glossy appearance ; and when, laden with fruit (12,000 oranges on a single tree, as has been produced in this section), is it not most valuable, and worthy of our careful attention !
It is said there are trees in India that are known to be over seven hundred years old. I know cultivated specimens that are seventy- five years old, and of those wild in our hammocks, I have thought
JAMES MoTT, PROPRIETOR. 15
some to be two hundred or more years old. Thestudent of physiological botany knows, without question, that a tree of such age and size does not belong to that class of plants called shrubs, and that the only way it can be made a dwarf of, is to graft it on the trifoliata, or place it in a pot where the roots are confined, and then it is comparatively short-lived. I must believe the close planting that we often see in groves (15 by 20 feet, or 15 feet apart) can only result, as I have seen, in a short life to the tree. When we thus go so contrary to all natural laws in making this large, majestic and long-lived tree become a dwarf, it is only a question of time that it becomes diseased and death comes in.
The great scientist, Liebig once remarked: ‘‘ Soil does little else than hold trees and plants upright in place, while air and moisture feed them.”’ The tree must have room according to its size; no matter what it is we plant, there must be soil enough to ‘‘hold it upright in place.’’? The pasture—feeding ground—must be large enough to hold the drink and food supply ; the roots must not come in contact with each other, and the branches need plenty of room to reach out and drink in the elements the free air so lavishly furnishes. I measured a tree in a grove twelve years planted, in this county, not long since, that had a spread of 31 feet, and yet those limbs are reaching out. Dudley W. Adams has on his grounds a tree with 35 feet spread of limbs. It is only sixteen years old; and to tell me that if we want our trees to bear oranges, and continue for our children and their children, we shall plant 20 or 25 feet apart, is to say to me, I have learned nothing in my long life’s study of the laws that govern these things.
I might mention the first grove of my acquaintance, that was planted for profit fifty-three years ago. Trees were set 21 feet apart. It has been a very profitable investment, turning off thousands and thousands of dollars’ worth of oranges annually since I have known it; now it has foot-rot, and is nearly dead. Now, I must believe that had those trees been planted far enough apart, so that there was soil enough to “‘hold them upright in place,’’ and that the limbs could have reached out as far as their nature chose, so there would be plenty of room on all sides for our winds to circulate, bringing with them the food of plants, they would not now be nearly dead with foot-rot, and that with intelligent culture they would have lived on and on—likely outliving generation after gen- eration. Some planters are planting 40 and 50 feet apart. I have never found any old, isolated tree, or those wide-planted, with foot-rot. On the other hand, I have found many instances of this trouble in clumps of closely-planted trees. Often it would seem to break out in all at the
16 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
same time. To me it seems to come from diseased sap, a weakened condition ; as an M. D. would put it, low vitality, impoverished condi- tion of the blood, as in the case of hives, shingles, or St. Anthony’s fire. I have found it breaking out up along the trunk of the tree, the bark blistered and sap oozing out.
Blight, that latterly is causing so much trouble, I believe is from the same cause. Should a novice measure the quantity of water that a plant takes up from the soil each day, it would be very much of a sur- prise to him; and then to compare it with the amount one of our closely- planted orange groves would use (provided it could get it), they could but wonder how those trees lived.
Die-back is from some poisonous substance in the soil. It is thought that too much ammoniated fertilizer causes it often, but there is little trouble from that source. Remove the cause, and the cure comes ; but where it is from some of the lower salts of iron in the lower soil, the remedy is to adopt a system of culture that will let the roots come up out of it ; not plow or harrow at all, but mulch the ground with straw or any litter that will keep it loose and moist. I have knowntrees badly diseased—almost to death—recover fully by this treatment.
Trees, like animals, will often adapt themselves to very unfavorable conditions. The idea prevails that an orange tree needs, must have, a tap-root well down in the soil; yet I have taken up bearing trees that were quite healthy, and not a root in the soil over 8 inches.
FERTILIZING.
Here is a very important matter, if the planter expects to succeed, that needs well looking into—one that cannot be neglected. Our soil in Florida is lacking in humus, in potash and in everything, I may as well say, that plants take from the soil ; and the planter who starts out with the idea that it is entirely lacking in them all, and acts from that stand- point, will not go far wrong. He must inform himself what is the food of plants. ‘‘ Bone, blood and potash contain all the elements that plants take from the soil.’ The soil should contain from five to seven per cent. of humus, that acts as a base for our fertilizer ; and, as ours contains at best, only one per cent., it is essential that by the application of muck (peat) or anything that will be converted into vegetable matter, the soil may be all the time built up.
The properties of blood (ammonia) we may get from other sources. Cotton seed meal or cow dung will supply it; and the properties of bone we find in other material ; and the potash may be pure or in the form ot
JAMES MorTT, PROPRIETOR. 17
sulphates ; but they #zws¢ all come from some source if we expect the best results, for I really think a farmer might better deny his hog the corn it takes to lay on fat, than to starve his orange tree. And here let me tell of a late occurrence :
Visiting a noted and very successful orange-grove man, he put the question: “If you were working ten bearing trees for a premium of $1,000 at the end of five years, and I was competing against you, what would you do?”’ I said: ‘‘I would have to look at my patient before I could prescribe.’’ ‘‘Oh well, ten trees on common pine land, say they are now in good condition.’’ I said: ‘‘I would get four pounds of sul- phate of potash, and eight or ten pounds of fine bone meal, and put it on, and if I thought they needed more nitrogen than was in the bone, I would put on three or four pounds of cotton seed meal, and watch results ; and as fast as a tree showed it could use it, put more on, likely three or four times during the year.’’
There was nothing more said on that point till a walk down in his grove, which was a beauty, sure; no ‘‘opening up the top’’ there. The trees had all their leaves—great, large, dark-colored ones—showing what some would call “‘intensive fertilizing,’? and the oranges were there, too, loads of them. I remarked: ‘‘ You are doing it tothem, sure. You don’t believe in starving trees any more than I do. What have you puton? He replied: ‘‘Just what you said you would, and in about the same proportions.’’
Tobacco stems are an excellent fertilizer ; the coarse, heavy stems are the best. They are largely (9 per cent.) potash, some nitrogen and phosphoric acid, and as it has once been taken up by the plant, it is in just the proper condition to return again to plant life.
Many of our most successful orange growers are following the plan of so treating the old bearing groves that it conforms to nature as near as may be, noting the wild trees in our hammocks, and are gathering leaves of the forest, old rotten wood, twigs and limbs of trees. One large grower of my acquaintance I have seen cutting small oak trees— what is termed second growth—cutting it up into convenient lengths for hauling, and placing under the trees. All such wood and rakings of the forest decays quickly, and not only holds moisture and adds humus to the soil, but the nitrogen that comes down with the rains, as also the dews of night, are retained, and in that way go into the soil, to its great benefit. Under conditions of clean culture, the first rays of the morning sun drive it back into the air from whence it came.
18 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
There are so many conflicting ideas of orange culture that to find out the best way must be a very perplexing question for the newcomer to solve. Yet, as I have said in another chapter, there surely is one best way. If the grower of moderate means expects to keep in the business, he surely must not use more money in growing his oranges than they will sell for in the market. Maybe he is using more money in pruning, plowing, harrowing, cultivating and hoeing, never allowing soil or tree any rest; and to make up for this wear and tear of the soil, and tree as well, to get results, three or four times as much manure has to be used as with the grower I mentioned as trying to draw all he can from mother Nature. The one, in his abuse of nature’s laws, has lost money, and the other is adding to his bank account. This is no overdrawn tale; I am noting these two extremes in actual practice. I can point to a grower that takes a deal of pride in his orange grove, that I do not be- lieve has ever made him an orange that did not cost, on the tree, five cents ; while with the other, his expenses do not exceed that amount a box on the tree.
In all our country the practice with farmers is to bring up worn-out lands with some soiling crop. In northern sections red clover, on lands not too far worn down to. produce it, is the best for that purpose; with the South, where red clover is not naturalized, the cow pea is named ““the clover of the South ;’’ and on all calcareous soils it is a most excel- lent soiling crop; but I do not find it so on our sandy soils. I cannot make myself believe, that with the thousands of acres of cow peas I see grown every year here in Florida (for the purpose of enriching the soil), I have ever seen the soil benefited in any way by it; but I am very certain, indeed, that such soils are lastingly injured by it.
I think I am safe in saying all our sand soils (and the farther South, the more) are infested with the ‘‘suguellula,’’ a parasite that is the cause of ‘‘root-knot’’ of plants. It fastens itself to all succulent rooted plants to propagate itself. The cow pea, as is also the common garden pea, is one of those plants, and where a crop of either is raised, I have thought there are millions of this very troublesome pest left, where there was one before; and when once in, it is there to stay. The land is thus made unfit for many trees and plants we may be desirous of raising. Especially is it ruin to the fig and peach trees, as also hibiscus, roses, oleanders, and many other plants.
Professor Niel, in some of his writings, says it injures the roots of orange trees. I myself have found it fastened on orange roots. I ama
JAMES Mort, PROPRIETOR. 19
great believer in soiling crops in our orange groves—crab grass, sand spurs—anything to mow down and rot, or let-die and fall down to plow under. I ama believer in beggar weed for orange groves ; it is rapidly coming into use. I do not think it a good plan to plow under any crop while green. In its decay it generates a gas that is injurious to plants ; especially is it so if trees are small.
Number of Trees and Plants to the Acre.
MSS WANE te Gag) chido hae en Oa 13 x 13 feet SRA sy a Per ey ta O57) Gee, SG fo Be |) Avot og tae 0 in 9 ZR 6x 6 Me nce ay Yee Yo 15270 Nh iGG SS A Nt cc cet cy cy wns KOY} eXaay; Be Toes UTI h sp MFORSD || MLO)-RGLOMN rt | wisi kom Later tieu comlls-yceteest ek 070. i stew faite OE og) SBE oe ve We ay esto N| PAP eG? he ME NE RED a” ae ge icy bettst0) Ore eB os 5 6b top & SEPP) MSFT Yo a ho Jos may eae TWO) SOUE a be eo ChOuee acl Ow ariel CM Ac ucrinGs cute Siena Kors) int oe att i alo, Dee ie. Cy UG intg Wee) Illes oencen Eo hots Les ee ton 70 7p ae) dG OU etom On ise ator UME olp.<eclolto-w” Vlas tol Menon ce ogy om Eh wits}
Proper Distance to Plant.
For Orangetrees ... cuioh Gr coceetiiens See ere ett - 40 x 4o feet. ““ Peach trees (in Florida) . Si EIGN CaS Cu Ga AG cnwic tbo eue sey i “s Grape ines ein ebb itn a) eae aeD. We sits Sate Seton's “AGGIES ice ph eb 6 ooo DO mM 6d oo 0 selma MUf
Tangierine Orange. (See page to.) |i
20 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
PEACHES.
My trees are all June buds, finely grown, extremely well-rooted, CLEAN and PERFECT in every part, and will make a better orchard tree than those that have been kept in the nursery one and two years. All Florida-grown and guaranteed to be free from root-knot.
Peach Culture in Florida.
Ten years ago but little had been done south of Jacksonville with peaches. Planters had oftén tried growing them, but with the excep- tion of a few seedlings that were found with the old settlers, they were pronounced an entire failure.
About twelve years ago the Peen-to came to us, which turned out to be a success where others had previously failed. Being something of a student of physiological botany, my attention was soon turned to this question of failure in one case and the entire success of the other. I suspected it came from a want of adaptability of those that had been pre- viously planted, while the Peen-to seemed perfectly naturalized to our peculiar climate, and I undertook to find out why the difference. I ex- pected to find out that the opinion which so generally prevails—that we are indebted to Persia for all our peaches—was not true, and that the different strains in use here in America had had their origin in as many different sections. I found the task a very arduous one. I not only found that ‘‘the peach is a native of Persia,” but of Turkey, northern China and northern India, as well as Afghanistan, and that the Peen-to is found wild in the tropical part of that country, a perennial tree ‘‘of evergreen foliage,’’ with ‘‘peculiar-shaped fruit,’’ as Atchison says of it. This accounts for its adaptability here.
I also found that the peach so long in use here and best suited to our climate, previous to the advent of the Peen-to, is of Turkish origin, from that country to Spain, being brought to us by the early explorers of that country, and known here as the Spanish peach.
It was said of the Peen-to, that it would not cross with the other peaches ; that with its many changes from Afghanistan to China and to Australia, and then to us, when the seed was planted it came true—that same ‘‘peculiarly-shaped fruit.’? (In Florida there often come pomological changes that the best of us cannot account for— changes that scientists do not mention as coming in other sections; but they do come, and our climate, which is so peculiarly different from any
”
JAMES Mort, PROPRIETOR. 21
and all other countries, is the cause of them.) And now from this Peen-to peach, when the seed is planted, it is seldom that the fruit comes in shape a Peen-to. I have also, in several instances, found the form to change in the fruit bud, and flat and round peaches on a bearing Peen-to, on the same limb.
There has been quite an interest taken in planting these new varie- ties that are now, I may say, a part of us; in many instances with grati- fying results, while in others the reverse is true. The failure to grow the fruit in all cases has come from the improper selection of the ground to plant, or neglect after planting. My own experiences have been, as also from the many trees that come under my observation, that if a peach tree is properly cultivated and plenty of plant food given it, that it will be as long-lived here as in any other section.
We find there is a deal of trouble from the so-called root-knot para- site—a troublesome pest that gives more or less trouble to the peach tree in all sandy soils, from Michigan here ; and the remedy comes, first, in not planting the land to cow peas or any other succulent-rooted plant that this parsite makes use of to multiply in; and second, to manure the tree well all the time, that it may have strength to overcome this troublesome enemy. The planter must bear in mind that the physical structure of the peach tree is such that its leaves are small and very thin, and it is one of those plants that are called ‘‘soil-feeders ;’’ that little of its real food comes from the atmosphere, very much less than the orange; and that it must be well supplied with potash, as well as with those elements necessary to make large, dark leaves and rapid- growing wood.
Of the varieties to plant, use none of the Persian or Chinese types, and none of the Spanish strains, unless their origin is as far south in Florida as you desire to plant. There is also a difference in the stocks we nurserymen use for budding our trees upon. This old Spanish peach, from the fact that it is a stronger-growing tree than the Persian peach, is much preferred as a seedling; and it is a demonstrated fact that trees that are grown by our nurserymen at home, when that stock is used, make a much better and longer-lived tree than those that come from where the Persian stock is in universal use.
I am also raising several thousand trees that are budded upon the Marianna plum roots, for those of my patrons who are afraid of root-knot. I have found it a good plan to prepare the ground by putting in the hole well-decomposed muck (a barrel to the tree), and if it can be man- ured after, fine ground bone (five pounds to the tree) and two pounds of
22 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Mott's Free Peach.
sulphate of potash oncelor twice during the season, cultivating the tree well by plowing three or four times during the year. With this treat- ment I would expect my trees to be strong enough to overcome disease, and to produce good crops of fruit.
The past season I have used Kentucky tobacco stems, with excel- lent results ; 12 to 15 pounds to the tree in January, well worked into the soil. My fruit was very fine, and the trees are pictures of health.
Bidwell’s Early. Tree vigorous and very productive ; fruit good size; color beautiful carmine; semi-cling. In quality it is rich, melting, juicy and sweet. Ripens May roth. Trees, 4 to 5 feet, 20 cts. each, $2 per dozen, $15 per 100.
MOTI’S FREE. A seedling of Peen-to; origin, Orange county’ Florida. It resembles its parent, Peen-to, in appearance, but is finer in quality. Ripens with the old Peen-to, and is a perfect freestone ; what we have so long sought after here in south Florida—an early freestone peach. Trees, 3 to 4 feet, 25 cts. each.
Angel. A seedling of Peen-to ; an excellent freestone peach. Ripe jn July. Trees, 25 cts. each, $15 per 100.
James Morr, PROPRIETOR. 23
Bidwell’s Late. About same in size, a little more round and some less color than Bidwell’s Early, which it resembles in taste and texture. Striped with carmine on a yellow ground; pretty. A remark- ably good shipper, and will be one of our best for distant markets. My last assorted sales, made July 2d, 12% bushel-crates brought me net (after express charges and commissions were taken out,) $20.85. The cost of crates, gathering, packing and hauling to railroad is 80 cts. per bushel, leaving a net on the trees of $4.41. Trees, 4 to 5 feet, 20 cts. each, $2 per dozen, $15 per 100.
Reeves’ Mammoth. A remarkable peach—the largest in size of my acquaintance. Origin, Orange county, from seed of the old Spanish peach, that, as I have previously said, seemed so nearly naturalized to our south Florida section. The Reeves seems quite at home here, and
. is a valuable acquisition; and it must be especially so to all of the Gulf states, more particularly in those portions of Texas and Louisiana where the Persian type is of no value, and there is too much frost for our Peen-to strain. Fruit very large; color a dull red on a green ground ; a freestone; season July. A remarkably good shipper. Trees, 4 to 5 feet, 30 cts. each, $3 per dozen, $20 per 100.
PEACHES ON MARIANNA PLUII ROOTS.
The Marianna plum is of rapid growth, and well suited as a stock to bud peaches to, and for sections where there is trouble from root-knot, we grow a limited number of our best varieties in that way. Among
them are: Each. Per 100,
COLGE IOUS) TENE Ges io oo coo bt ao. o OsD NOmDh. on. (0)
Bidwellssbiarhy 2%.) abecremals “tecesae ey Ge sy 3.4 25 $20 00 LUXE) “olgor Se aks, Pot SxS! Uae: <eN IGN Gon By o,0ORe 35
Ne COn-bOv ere eer et eee fe Cureiiew, «) aNuepin ays 25 20 00 BiG wells Maite yer. hy, aus es iapdeies =: teas a bees aie) & 25 20 00 Js \paveyey Ween ac Acie cca Cae ane 25 20 00 eeeves! Mammoth Bois c-0is ie. f ys, ey se ot len 30 25 00
PEACHES THAT HAVE ORIGINATED IN NORTH FLORIDA.
Each. Per doz.
WIR SC oIOM PAO Sueeitmda. «Ss cpa o <ittiicnie fst SoaMOLL Se HT 50 WV ALCLOMME eRe ie cit eRe at va ibe tins Vc uedct chet kel 15 I 50 VEHIETSYATES aide Lec Ai OND Miners Liglits | -ONES Sour gmpmeot Weis 15 I 50 Honey, -Eallastand Climax.-\. 0) 2 ee ae 15 I 50 Kite’s Early Cream and Stanley. 4to5feet .... 15 I 50 Florida Crawford ..... . : 15 I 50
Victoria, Countess, Gibbon’s October and Power’s September. 4to5 feet; .- }. 2. 2 5 seen 15 I 50
24 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Kelsey's Japan Plum.
PLunis.
The past (or I will say present) season has again demonstrated that some of the plums from Japan are as sure to give cross of fruit here in Florida as in other fruit-growing countries. The Kelsey seems the most promising so far, and in all sections of Orange and Lake counties where the trees have been properly fertilized, they have given good crops; and in many cases I have seen the trees bending to the ground with their wonderful loads of fruit. I am sorry to know that often, for the lack of manuring, there has been no fruit.
Each. Kelsey on Marianna Stock. sfeet ............ . $0 25
Satsuma (or Blood). 4 feet... ......:...:5.54 25 Botams, 4sfeets. 6a. a ade Min eas 8 oo Ae ee os xa mr 25
James Morr, PROPRIETOR. 25
Japan Persimmon.
JAPAN PERSIMMONS.
Here I claim to bein the lead of all other growers, from the fact that I have observed, for the past four years more especially, many of the different varieties that never bear much fruit from a want of perfect naturalization, they having had their origin in the colder portion of Japan, and hence are not Suited to this latitude. I have varieties, how- ever, from the warm section of Japan that have been proved well-suited to our peculiar climate. In\my observation in several counties, I have noted a few of those that each season bear heavy crops; I have marked the trees and bought the sciots, from which all of my nursery stock has been grafted.
To the different varieties Ihave selected I have given local names, and when I send a patron a Tritmph or an Osceola, he may know it will bear the fruit described in my ca@alogue. I do this from the fact that jaw-breaking Japanese names have become so mixed up that no grower knows what he has, if his dependejce is the Japanese name.
26 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Sorrento. A local name given it from trees found near Sorrento, in Lake county, that fruit well each season. The fruit is of good size, oblong, pointed; a rich, waxy carmine in color; very handsome, and fine in quality. Season, November to January. Trees, 2 to 4 feet, 35 cts. each, $3 per dozen, $20 per I00 ; 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen, $15 per Ioo.
Osceola. From a tree found fruiting very heavily season after season, near Kissimmee, in Osceola county ; one of the finest and best of the importations from Japan. Season, November to January. Trees, 3 to 4 feet, 35 cts. each, $3 per dozen, $20 per 100; 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen, $15 per 100.
Triumph. Origin near Sanford, in Orange county, Florida, from seed from Japan. Its qualily is of the best: size medium; tomato- shaped; a pretty carmine, ona yellow ground. Very productive; the past season the crop from a single tree brought $16. Ripe in October, and holds on the crop until January. Trees, 3 to 4 feet; 40 cts. each, $3.50 per dozen, $25 per 100; 2 to 3 feet, 35 cts. each, $3 per dozen, $20 per 100.
Col Church. A tree found with Col Church near Orlando; a very fine fruit ; in size the largest of my acquaintance ; single specimens often weigh over a pound. Trees, 3 to 4 feet, 40 cts. each.
Hyakum. Large; deep red in color; keeps very late. Trees, 3 to 4 feet, 25 cts. each.
Kaurokume. Slightly oblong; an old standayd sort. Trees, 3 to 4 feet, 25 cts. each.
QUINCES.
Chinese. Fruit very large, often weighing over two pounds. Not so good in quality as our old European quince, but its large size and adaptability to our climate make it very valuable. Trees, 3 to 4 feet, 50 cts. each.
Champion. A superior quince; fruit large and fine. Is somewhat new andrare. Trees, 3 to 4 feet, 40 cts. each.
PEARS.
Le Conte, so far, stands at the head of the list for successful cul- ture. A peculiarity of it is, that it will on'y do raised from cuttings, in other words, on its own roots. Trees, one-year, 4 to 5 feet, 25 cts. each, $15 per 100.
Kieffer. Grafted on Le Conte roots. It is from the Sand pear of China, and adapted to this climate. Grafted on Le Conte, it fruits very young, trees four years old breaking down with their heavy crops. Trees 4 to 5 feet, 30 cents each, $3 per dozen, $20 per 100.
JF Special rates on large lots.
JAMES Mort, PROPRIETOR. 27
Japan Medlar.
JAPAN PLUMS.
Medlar. One of our most valuable fruits; the fruit when canned holds its rich flavor equal to that taken fresh from the trees. Trees, 3 feet, 25 cts. each; 5 feet, 50 cts. each.
MULBERRIES.
Chas. Downing. 35 cts. each.
APRICOTS.
DeLand. A chance tree that has fruited six out of seven seasons with Geo. Woodward, near DeLand, in Volusia county, and has fruited with me the past season; a valuable acquisition. Trees, 3 feet, 50 cts. each, $5 per dozen.
GUAVAS.
Cattley, Red and Yellow. Plants three years old, 20 cts. each, $2 per dozen, $15 per 100.
28 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
FIGS.
Sugar or Celestial. So far the best of many varieties that have been tried in Florida. Fruit small, very sweet—so sweet that they are eaten without peeling. They often preserve themselves on the tree. 4o cts. each, $4 per dozen.
Brown Turkey. 40 cts. each, $4 per dozen. White Adriatic. 40 cts. each, $4 per dozen. Black California. 40 cts. each, $4 per dozen.
GRAPES.
The idea has been started by interested parties that a vine, to plant here, must be grown in some far away north section, or it is of no value for us. Nothing can be farther from the truth. All scientists will tell us that if a plant is naturalized to the country we wish to grow it in, it makes no difference, if it is well grown, where it is done.
The facts are, many plants are in growth here nine of the twelve months in the year. A grape cutting set in January will grow to the following October, and in this congenial climate it will be as large and just as well matured, and just as ready to bear a crop of fruit, as a vine grown in the state of New York is at three years old. I have thousands of Niagaras; the cuttings were set out last February that are now (August toth) one-half inch in diameter, with a growth of ten feet and the season of growth only half over; and yet they are larger than any two-year-old vine I ever receieved from New York. While I know the New York vine was all right, I also know this /Vorida-grown vine will be all right for planting here next winter. My own observation in seeing grapes grown in several counties of the state is the white and red grapes seem better adapted to this particular section than the black ones. Of these, Niagara, so far, is in the lead. Concord, Ives’ Seed- ling, Hartford, Delaware, Early Dawn and some others do remarkably well.
A Mr. Farr, of Hiarvasie, near Orlando, this past season to some extent supplied our markets with the above varieties, that were cer- tainly very fine grapes for any country.
VARIETIES: Each. Doz. 100 Niagara. EAVENE APOIKES) 5,0 00.0.5 6.0 00 a 6 a oN) 100) GNoy GIR Kin 0) C 2-VGAT, VINES? = 0), <p Mie ba Ne Cee I5 100 500
Delaware. I- year vines. ............ I5 175 600
JAMES MorTrT, PROPRIETOR. 29
Each. Doz. 1oo.
ae bya anv er cen Mem sian ecm suc) Wel i 9-1 hONZO! | H2,/00 TO: OO EV GSSCCOUMN Samet emi, Pantie: ailnu poy ates TO! COON 13850 Hartionrdiee 2. 2 Pe ae a ee ae TO)" $400) 43700 Wilder... SE Sates ¥. T5) lees) 6) 50 Lady Washington. Sees ie we ee ane pat HAO! 257. 00/951 00. AMCAW Aa: T-yGat VINES: n> 5 55 ous ee es 10 I 00 400 Brighton) oa) kes ty oe ee ee ies, ae iy AS Bh Se Cynthiana .... 5 Re Fe Sea ih Niet ed 20 200 1300 Norton’s Virginia . HR a id a eal 20 200 1200
T2S-W rite for special prices on 1,000 or 10,000 lots. Other vines that may be wanted I can supply at northern prices.
LOCATION OF A YINEYARD.
Again the story has gone out that here in Florida nothing but “flat woods”’ lands would do for the vine—another misleading statement, as among the best vines and the finest grapes I have found in the state have been those on rolling pine land. I like level land here for a vine- yard, but I do not care how high it may be.
PLANTING.
The ground should be thoroughly plowed and put in proper tillage. Anybody ought to know that. I believe in pretty wide planting, yet some vines require much more room than others. 7x7 feet is no closer for a Delaware than Ioxto feet is fora Niagara. 8xto feet is a good dis- tance to plant, the vines to be trained the ten foot way, and the rows eight feet apart.
TRAINING.
No prescribed rule can be given as to pruning and culture; good judgment comes in here first-rate. But I can say something of a new mode (in most sections) of training that, for this all-the-year warm sun- shine, I think very much preferable to the old plan.
I prepare posts 6% feet long (and they should be rather heavy ones, 6x6 inches, anyway, at the top). I shoulder a 1% x3 inch two-feet-long cross piece, which is spiked securely. The posts are set 3 feet in the ground, being well braced, which leaves the cross piece 3% feet above ground. To the middle of the cross piece I attach a No. 12 gal+ vanized wire, which will do to train the vines to the first season. The next spring put on two more wires, one on each end of the cross piece, which will form a flat arbor 2 feet wide, 3% feet above ground. The vines being properly pruned and fastened to the middle wire, as the laterals start they will reach out and fasten themselves to the outside wires, and with proper handling the leaves will make a perfect shade
30 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
for the fruit, which, in a great measure, is out of the way of the birds and is much less trouble to pick. Another point is, the ground is much better shaded by the vines in this way than by the old method of the upright trellis ; the vines seem to get around much better, the sap flows easier, and a more perfect growth is secured.
MANURING THE VINE.
Like all other fruit-bearing plants here in Florida, if we expect fruit the vine must be supplied with the manurial elements that are known to produce it. It requires plenty of phosphoric acid and potash. We get the former in bone meal, which, beyond question, is our best manure for the vine, on account of its large percentage of phosphoric acid; the potash is necessary, and it may be applied in the form of wood ashes or potash salts. Sulphate is thought by some to be best.
INSECT PESTS.
A writer once said, ‘‘ Vigilance is the price of fruit,’’? and the vine is noexception. This chapter is too short to treat at length of the different enemies of the vine. The planter must bear in mind that one beetle de- stroyed in the early stages means thousands of them a few weeks later.
If I am not very much at fault, all of these bugs, we will call them, fly at night and are attracted by a light. I have seen thousands of them destroyed in one night by means of a lamp arranged with a reflector, and a pan of kerosene suspended under it, into which they dropped, and the vines were saved from any injury whatever from that source.
The planter must bear in mind that to get perfect fruit the vines must be perfect. The training must be so that there is wood growth enough, and not too much for the development of fruit buds, which should be kept well back to the point of first branching. Too many bunches must not be allowed, and a proper system of pinching back must be adopted, so that the leaves are developed where wanted to cover the fruit from the sun, for no one ever saw a perfect bunch of grapes ripen- ing in the sunshine.
“In this section this past season I have seen acres and acres of vines with leaves eaten full of holes by beetles, bunches of the grapes hanging bare in the sun, the fruit ripening very imperfectly, shattered bunches, and the grower claiming that the cause was from something lacking in the soil. It left no place for comments from me. I could only think of too much don’t-know-how.
Every planter should provide himself with some standard work on vine culture, that he may be informed in advance how to treat the many
. JAMES Mott, PROPRETOR. 31
diseases, whether they may come from insect life, parasite or fungi. Of those I will mention ‘‘Fuller’s Grape Culturalist’’ and ‘‘ Hussman’s American Grape Growing and Wine Making.’’ These books we can supply ; also others, for which see page 60.
WINE MAKING.
In all sections where grapes are grown, to make it profitable a large portion of the crop needs be made into wine. So many bunches are im- perfect, and so unfit for the table, that all vineyardists should prepare themselves in time, in that way to save what otherwise will be loss.
2 SURPLUS.
Of this subject we copy from American Gardening: ‘‘We are glad to see that greater attention is being bestowed upon the production of unfermented grape juice. Weare in hearty sympathy with this move. _ The fresh juice of the grape is, next to good milk, perhaps, the most wholesome of all beverages. We would like to see it come into general use. It could, to some extent, be made to take the place of tea and coffee at our meals, to our great physical improvement, and at the same time afford a most welcome outlet for the surplus of the grape crop. We have already mentioned Mr. Baldridge’s exhibit of unfermented Niagara grape juice at the last meeting of the Western New York Horti- cultural Society. We are informed that this juice, the product of 100 acres of vineyard in Erie county, is simply heated, carefully filtered, and bottled while hot ; consequently it is free from all drugs or admix- tures.’’
STRAWBERRIES.
For an all-around strawberry for south Florida, the Noonan leads. Plants, $2.50 per 1,000.
_ DEWBERRY.
The trailing blackberry. Is native here in Florida, as well as in others of the Southern States. The fruit ripens often early in March, be- fore extreme hot weather and our drouthy season. The fruit is larger than the common blackberry, and no fruit garden in Florida is complete without it. Plants, ro cents each, $4 per 100.
@ 32 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
PINEAPPLES.
Pineapple culture is rapidly coming to the front as one the most im- portant industries here in Florida. The plant is a native of tropical America, finds a congenial home here, and is being extensively planted in certain sections of our state. For many years it has been cultivated on our lower keys, but its area is fast spreading along the coast sections of both the gulf and Atlantic, and in many sections in- land it is being very successfully grown, and this manual would be incomplete without
THE HISTORY OF THE PINEAPPLE. (Ananassa sativa.)
Nicholson’s ‘‘ Dictionary of Gardening”’ says: ‘‘ The pineappple is a native of tropical America; it has also become naturalized and grows in abundance in some of the best parts of Asia and Africa.’’ After its. first introduction into Europe, it was thirty or forty years before the plant was cultivated for its fruit.
DeCandolle, in his ‘‘ Cultivated Fruits,’? remarks: “All the early writers on America mention it.’’ Hernandez says: ‘‘The pineapple grows in the warm regions of Hayti and Mexico. A pineapple was brought to Charles V, who mistrusted it, and would not taste it ;’’ also, “it was evidently introduced into the old world after the discovery of America.’’ Nicholson further remarks: ‘Little is reported of the success of pineapple culture when first attempted.’’ (He writes of its cultivation in England under glass.) And it would seem the lack of success came from indifferent warmth in the soil, and when “‘ bottom heat’’ was applied, results were better. Again: ‘‘ Less than twenty years ago the importation of ripe fruits, chiefly from Azores, began in earnest to meet the increased demand; and pine-growing has gradually decreased in this country. First-class English-grown pineapples are still considered by many to be the finest and best in the world; but so long as fresh, well-swelled fruits of the Smooth-leaved Cayenne variety can be imported, to arrive little inferior in quality, it is more than likely that English pine growing will not again be practiced to the extent it was previously.”
Of culture, he writes at much length; but as it is all from under glass, with steam pipes filling the ground underneath, to give the neces- sary ‘‘bottom heat,’’ there is little that is of interest to us here, except
JAMES MoTrT, PROPRIETOR. 33
I might mention, ‘‘Crowns are principally utilized when the variety is rather shy in producing suckers ; they do not form such good plants, nor are they considered to produce such heavy fruits as suckers. A longer period is required to bring them to the fruiting stage. After the fruit is cut, the suckers grow fast from the base, and it is often a good practice to allow them to remain on the old stocks until they attain a large size.’’ In the preparation of suckers for inserting, all that is necessary is to carefully remove them by taking hold close to the base and twisting gently forward and backward until they come off. Afterward cut the end smooth with a sharp knife, and take off a very few of the smallest lower leaves.”’
Pineapples are somewhat numerous in varieties, but for all practical purposes only a few of the best are necessary. Indeed, the good quali- ties of the few leading sorts enumerated below have been sufficient to gradually lead to the discarding of many others of less merit. There are a few others in cultivation.
Charlotte Rothschild. Flower lilac; fruit cylindrical or slightly barrel-shaped, with medium-sized crowns; pips large, flat, golden yellow; flesh yellow and very juicy; weight from seven to ten pounds.
Hurst House. Fruit pyramidal, with prominent pips; flesh juicy and rich; weight sometimes six pounds. The habit of this variety is very dwarf and compact, consequently it is adapted for culture where space is limited. It is only of use as a summer variety.
Lord Carington. Flowers purple; fruit long, pyramidal and dark orange; pips medium, nearly flat; flesh pale yellow, tender, rich and highly flavored; weight from four to seven pounds. A fine winter variety of the Jamaica section, first brought into notice by Mr. Miles, gardener to Lord Carington, Wycombe Abbey, Bucks.
Black Jamaica. Flowers purple ; fruit oval, somewhat pyramidal, bronzy yellow when ripe ; attaining a weight of from four to five pounds ; pips medium, prominent, flattened in the center; flesh firm, rich, juicy and highly flavored ; habit tall and erect. This is undoubtedly one of the best of all varieties for fruiting in winter. (I will add that the late A. I. Bidwell, who imported it from England to Florida, has said to me of it that it was ‘‘in quality the finest of all the pines.’’)
Queen. Flowers lilac; fruit cylindrical, rich, dark yellow when ripe ; pips medium, or rather small, prominent ; flesh pale yellow, and remarkably juicy and sweet; weight from three pounds to sometimes eight in fine specimens; leaves very short, broad, bluish green; very
34 am ORLANDOIFNURSERY,#@ORLANDO, FLA.
mealy, with strong spines widely disposed. One of the best pineapples for general cultivation ; it is unexcelled in summer and autumn by any other, but does not swell properly in winter. This is supposed to be the oldest pineapple we have. There are several sub-varieties grown; that known 4s the Ripley Queen being the best. It propagates freely and ripens off its fruit quickly. Queen pineapples will keep in good condi- tion for three weeks after they are ripe.
Smooth-Leaved Cayenne. Flowers purple; fruits very large, cylindrical, or somewhat barrel shaped, dark orange-yellow ; pips large, flat; flesh pale yellow, rich and highly flavored; weight from six to eight pounds; crown large; leaves long, broad, dark green; almost free from spines. A very handsome variety ; one of the best for fruiting in winter and early spring, when it is more juicy than any other. This is the variety which is so largely grown in the Azores, whence the English fruiters obtain their supply of fruits from autumn until the following May. It does not produce suckers very freely.
It must be remembered that all this description is of culture as it is followed in England under glass; and now as I write, I can but wonder what may be the possibilities of the culture of the pine in this climate of ours, where it finds such a congenial home in Florida’s equable, or, as some writer has called it, ‘“‘bewitching”’ climate, that seems to hold in excess of any other section history has mentioned those elements from — which our fruits take up their acids and sweets, their juices and the © coloring of the rainbow ; and they are so evenly blended that word has gone out to the world that our oranges are the finest known, and do we not, when all the conditions of scientific culture are put in practice, raise the finest pineapples known?
OF PINEAPPLE CULTURE.
Our most experienced growers follow the plan of pretty close plant- ing. 22x22 inches seems the proper distance, with alley ways left at 10 or 12 feet, and cross alleys every 50 or 100 feet for convenience in work- ing. Land that is so dry that plants are not liable to be too wet produces the best fruit. While the pineapple is called an air plant, and — is found wild on rocky sections of scarcely any soil, it needs water 4 enough and plenty of manure, if your soil is not already naturally rich. Cotton seed meal, two parts, German kainit, one part, is perhaps as good as any formula of fertilizer in use for the pineapple.
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a 7
36 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
VARIETIES TO PLANT.
This is a very important matter, and I leave it. for the planter to decide from the descriptions previously given. I will say this: I take no more care and soil to raise a Smooth Cayenne of seven pounds than a Red Spanish of three or four pounds, and it would appear to me that I should prefer to grow the larger, finer apple.
PRICES. Each Per 100 Smooth-leaved Cayenne ...-.------+-+ +: + +$050 $40 00 NIWA Ol ies ed oho un oem Ube ls oteno por 0-599 0 09 07 Goi 2h CO Ripley Queen .....--- +--+: +s 2e2:5 25 . 20 00 Prince Albert ....-- -- +++ +++ +2+4+-+- 40 Charlotte Rothschild .....---+-+++++++-++ 40 Black Jamaica .....-.--- ++ s+ :++2::. 50 40 00
MNiomSterete miei ein iiee cient er eA Ol OR OO) Variegated Smooth Cayenne. A beautiful plant; es-
pecially is it desirable in greenhouse collections. Fruit
like Smooth Cayenne. A limited supply of plants . . 2 00
Je= These prices are subject to change, as I should hope the follow-
ing season prices will be lower.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Cherries.
Surinam or Cayenne Cherry. A beautifully ornamental ever- green shrub, producing a profusion of very pretty scarlet red fruits in spring, the size of a large cherry. A good acquisition to our long list of Florida fruits. Trees, all pot-grown, 35 cts. each, $3 per dozen.
Bananas.
Cavendishii and Hart’s Choice. 25 cts. each, $2 per dozen, $15 per 100.
Mango: (Wangifera Indica.)
DeCandolle says: ‘‘It is impossible to doubt but it is native of the south of Asia or the Malay Archipelago.”’ The fruit is something the color of the apricot. The tree belongs to the tropical class of plants, but will withstand some little frost. There are sections in Florida where it is extensively grown. Our market here at Orlando has been, to some tent, supplied this past season with this fruit grown near here. The tree grows to a large size; in form it is most grandly beautiful ; its leaves are large, glossy and dense. It is a rapid grower, and bears at four to five years from seed. In 1885 from one tree at Pinellas was sold $75 worth of fruit. It was killed by the big freeze in’86. I have only one variety in cultivation—the best, Apricot Mango. Trees are pot- grown. 50 cts. each. :
JAMES Morr, PROPRIETOR. 37
Eugenia Jambos. (Rose Apple.)
A beautiful evergreen tree; a native of the East Indies, but has long been grown in the West India Islands ; the leaves are long and narrow, and resemble those of the oleander; the new growth is wine- colored like the mango; fruit resembles a large crab- apple, is white or yellowish, with red flush on one side; is rose-scented, very fragrant, with apricot flavor ; sprouts readily from the root if killed down. 75 cts. each; plants five feet high, of fruiting size, $2 each.
Anona.
(African Custard Apple.)
Africana. 50 cts. each.
Cherimolia (A. ‘vipetala, A. Humboldtiana). The Cherimoya or Jamaica Apple. (Spanish, 4. Cherimoya.) This delicious fruit varies from the size of an apple to six inches in diameter. In its native home (Peru) it is said to sometimes attain a weight of from fourteen to sixteen pounds. It has proved hardy in the milder coast regions of Spain (Von Mueller), and is quite extensively grown, with slight protection, for the markets of Marseilles and Paris. A more upright grower than the sugar- apple ; fruit generally with a bright red cheek, though this is wanting in some specimens. Grown commonly in Key West under the name of “Jamaica apple.’’ Main crop of fruit ripens in April and May. s5octs. each; $5 per dozen.
Pecan. Pecans.
One of our best nut-bearing trees. It finds a congenial home in the whole south, from St. Louis to Florida Keys. Trees here at Orlando —seeds were planted on high pine land, seventeen years ago—have been bearing annual crops for the past ten years.
Texas Paper-shell. Trees 4 to 5 feet, 40 cts. each, $3.50 per dozen, $25 per 100; 3 feet, 25 cts. each, $2 per dozen, $15 per 100.
Pomegranates. Flowering. 50 cts. each.
38 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Giant Bamboo. (See page 41.)
SHADE TREES.
Magnolia.
Grandiflora. From the Mississippi Valley ; a tree much superio® to our native magnolia. Flowers large, double, pure white. Trees, 2 feet $1 each.
Fuscata (Banana Shrub). 50 cts. each.
Z &
Ss
Grevillea robusta. (See page 40.)
4o ORL ANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Texas Umbrella.
Trees, 4 to 6 feet, 40 cts. each, $4 per dozen ; 2 to 4 feet, 25 cts. each, $2 per dozen. Grevillea robusta. (Australian Oak, Silk Oak.)
A fine fern-leaved evergreen, growing in its native country to 120 feetin height. One of our most beaatiful shade trees, producing, through May and June, a profusion of creamy pink flowers. There are several trees about Orlando that have been in blossom the past two seasons. Trees are all pot-grown.« 40 cts. each, $4 per dozen, $25 per 100.
Hibiscus Rosa-=sinensis. (Chinese Hibiscus.)
These showy, handsome and quite well-known plants succeed ad- mirably here in the open ground, and are among the best of our lawn and garden plants. Their gorgeous flowers are produced in profusion nearly the entire year. While they will stand but little frost, the loss of the tops thereby seems in no way detrimental to them, and they grow right off again as vigorously as ever. If good-sized plants are planted out in May at the north, they bloom in a short time, and continue in all their splendor until frost. Perhaps no more satisfactory plants for show can be secured, and their low price should not be considered as placing the plants in the category of cheap plants, or those not worth attention.
HYBRIDS AND SUB-VARIETIES, H. ROSA-SINENSIS.
Aurantiaca. Rich saffron-yellow, with maroon center.
Carminatus perfectus. Flowers single, five to six inches in diameter ; undulated petals of a deep rose color; crimson eye.
Cooperi tricolor. A beautiful variegated-leaved variety ; flowers single, crimson ; foliage white and green, mottled and varied with rose- color. Should be grown in partial shade.
Grandiflorus. Large, single red; a vigorous grower.
Miniatus semi-plenus. Semi- double; scarlet petals, waved and twisted.
Rubra plena. Flowers very double, five inches in diameter, and of the most brilliant scarlet ; plant very vigorous.
Price of Hibiscus rosa-sinensts, from 3-inch pots, 20 cents each, $2 per dozen ; from 4-inch pots, or large blooming plants from open ground, 30 cents each, $3 per dozen.
Golden Arbor=vitez.
Thuya Orientalis aurea (Chinese arbor-vite). Branches short, slender, assuming, during winter and spring, a golden-yellow color; a very neat, dwarf, dense bush; the finest of its class for the extreme South. 2 feet high, 50cts.; 3 feet, $1
JAMES Morr, PROPRIETOR. 41
Giant Bamboo. (Bambusa, from bambu, the Malay name.)
Stem very stout, rising like a beautiful column to some fifty or sixty feet, the whole presenting the appearance of a huge plume of feathers. Native of India. (See page 38.) Plants $1 each.
Dwarf Bamboo. Native of Japan. Plants 50 cts. each.
Euphorbia pulcherrima. (Poinsettia pulcherrima.) A well-known greenhouse plant, native of Mexico, grown for the scarlet bracts which surround its flowers, which are freely produced in winter, and which remain bright for months at a time. 50 cts. each.
Oleander.
Each Yellow. New and rare; a plant of great beauty .....-.. . - $1 00 ID Yee BY EVA VLE rey Se) Ser OS Nac atek OMe pen Gomlrh ts ioaicy Foweten 50 |S) More Star ite Aohig ee IG BCA. Shey oso Sou butieed De Zine 50 SH ee OOO egho A dwdes dito cide GONG Gace Ono. oot. Oy ob oles 50 The above plants are rare sorts, and are the most beautiful of that
class of plants. :
Poinciana regia. (Roval Potnciana.)
The Flamboyante of Madagascar and West Indies. One of the most beautiful flowering trees of the tropics, but unfortunately too tender to stand much frost. It is of very rapid growth, and if it should be killed before blooming, it would still have amply repaid for all the care bestowed upon it, in its immense decompound leaves We have plants all sizes from six inches, at 15 cts. each, to 10 feet, at $1 each.
[PIISCELLANEOUS PLANTS.
GARDENIA FLORIDA FL. PL. (Cape Jessamine.)
Far too well known to need any description; hardy throughout the lower South. Of late they have become fashionable at the North; may their popularity increase! They are among thé loveliest flowers grown. Small, well-rooted plants, 15 cts. each, $1.50 per dozen ; 12 to 18 inches, 30 cts. each, $3 per dozen; 2% to 3 feet, $1.
CINNAMOMUM.
Camphora (Camphora officinalis). (Camphor Tree of China and Japan.) This tree, together with several closely allied species, yields the camphor gum of commerce. The tree is a handsome, broad-leaved
42 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
evergreen, hardy throughout most of the Gulf states; the leaves and berries are very aromatic. 25 cts., 50 cts. and $1 each.
Zeylanicum. (Cinnamon Tree.) The bark from the young shoots of this tree is the cinnamon of commerce. Small plants, 75 cts. each ; extra large, 4 feet, $2 each.
FICUS ELASTICA.
The true Rubber Tree of India. Plants 75 cts. and $2 each.
LILIUM. (Livies.)
“ Tnnocence, bride of man’s childhood, Innocence, child beloved, is a guest from the world of the blest— Beautiful; and in her hand a lily.”
In rich, moist land many of the lilies succeed admirably in Florida. Care should be taken that they have thorough drainage ; some shade is also beneficial. Lilies, when once established, dislike to be moved often.
Harrisii (Bermuda Easter Lily). Pure white, fragrant, and very free flowering ; closely resembles the Longiflorum variety. 25 cts. each.
Tigrinum (Tiger Lily). 20 cts. each.
GARDEN HYDRANGEAS.
Ceerulea. Flowers bluish rose.
Hortensis. Pink. Hydrangeas like plenty of moisture and shade, or partial shade is of benefit.
Otaksa. Flowers pink, tinted with blue ; good bloomer.
Thomas Hogg. Flowers large, pure white; valuable for ceme- tery decoration, as a pot plant, or in open ground here.
Cyanoclada. Flowers rose color; stems dark purple; good bloomer.
Price of Hydrangeas, 30 cts. each.
AMARYLLIS.
Prince of Orange. Fine orange-scarlet. 50 cts. each.
WATER HYACINTH.
A very curious and interesting plant for the aquarium or amateur garden. I find it to succeed admirably in a ditch where swamp muck had been taken out, the roots reaching down into the muck somewhat. This variety in our collection is newand rare; unfortunately I have lost the name; in color blue, shaded with purple, with gold center. Bulbs 50 cts. each.
MONTEREY CYPRESS. A hardy, medium-sized tree, of great beauty and of extremely rapid growth; fifty to sixty feet in height; foliage dark green. Native of south California. Trees are pot-grown. $1 each. -
JAMES Morr, PROPRIETOR. 43
AGAVE RIGIDA SISALANA.
(Erroneously known as the ‘‘ Maguey ”’ plants in parts of Florida.) The Sisal hemp. Cadudla or Sosquil Jenequin of Central America and Yucatan. Producing one of the most valuable cordage fibres for rope, cordage, etc. Introduced from Yucatan by Dr. Perrine in 1838; now naturalized and found wild in some localities on the Keys. 30 cts. each.
SANSIEVERA ZEYLANICA.
The Bowstring Hemp. As a fibre plant this plant has been known and prized in India from remote antiquity under the name of J/u7va. It is extensively cultivated in Ceylon, India and the West Indies, where it grows to a height of five or six feet. Leaves long and sword-shaped, mottled green and white. Very beautiful. 25 cts. each.
TRADESCANTIA.
Discolor. One of the most effective plants for the open ground here that we have-ever seen. Equally valuable as a specimen, pot or vase plant. Upright-growing, like the agaves, reaching a height of from twelve to eighteen inches ; leaves sword-shaped, rich green above, bright purple beneath. Sprouts from the roots when killed down, but is easily protected in case of a hard freeze. 25 and 50 cts. each.
Multicolor. A trailing sort, with leaves variegated white and pink. 15 cts. each.
Zebrina. Striped purple and green.
Price of Tradescantias, except where noted, 10 cts. each.
SELAGINELLA.
These curious plants are nearly always grown with ferns, and re- quire the same treatment. They are remarkably beautiful.
Emiliana. (New.) Upright, dense growth. 15 cts. each.
Martensia. (From Mexico.) Stems trailing on lower half, the upper supported by root fibres. 15 cts. each.
Stolonifera. Creeping. 15 cts. each.
Cuspida. 15 cts. each.
FERN, PTERIS SERRULATA.
10 cts. each. IPOMGEA SINUATA.
Flowers white ; leaves deeply parted. Evergreentwiner. 15 cts. ea.
MANETTIA VINE.
Flowers orange and red. An elegant house plant, being constantly in bloom.
ALAMANDA, GOLDEN BELLE.
Superb yellow trumpet-like flowers ; very decorative. 50 cts. each.
44 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
FANCY COLEUS.
Annie, Golden Bedder, Garfield (highly colored), Progress (spotted), Exquisite, Charm, Sport, Othello, Red Cloud.
All are to cts each. CALADIUMS.
Argyrites. Fancy foliage. 20 cts. each. Wightii. 20 cts each.
BEGONIA.
Rex. (Ornamental-leaved.) This class of plants is grown for their
m large, handsome leaves, which are banded and flaked with silvery white, brilliant greens and reds, many having a metallic lustre ; very desirable for house culture, as they thrive where there is but little direct sunlight.
We have a choice collection of three varieties, which we cannot describe for lack of room, except the following, which is very peculiar. 15 cts. each, 4 for 50 cts., 7 for $1.
Countess Louise Erdody. One of the handsomest and most peculiar of the Rex class. The large leaves have a most peculiar curl at the base; the colors are finely blended. 20 cts. each, 3 for 50 cts.
BRYOPHYLLUI1 CALY- CINUI1.
a
NS WRANOUARa ice
: A curious, rapid-growing succulent.
Countless Louise Erdody Flowers green, in form of bladders. One
Posopie ~ of those strange plants that are propa- al : gated from leaves. 10 cts each.
CHRYSANTHEMUM.
Our plants are seedlings from a California collection of the finest sorts. They do well in Florida, and will greatly please when well- grown. 20 cts. each. :
JAMES Mort, *PROPRIETOR. 45
ROSES.
The Rose, for all time, has stood at the head of the list as the Queen of Flowers.
“One spot exists, which ever blooms ; Even in that deadly grove A single rose is shedding there Its lonely lustre ; meek and pale It looks, as planted by despair ; So white, so faint, the slightest gale Might whirl the leaves on high; And yet, though storms and blight assail, And hands more rude than wintry sky May wring it from its stem, in vain! To-morrow sees it bloom again.”
Successful rose culture in South Florida heretofore has been a diffi- cult problem, only on account of a want of adaptability of many of our
46 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
most valuable kinds to this peculiarly trying soil and climate. Itisa law of physical botany that a plant must be naturally adapted to the soil and climate to succeed.
The Tea Roses, as a class, are very much lacking in that respect, when planted in our sandy soils. They are our most desirable roses, as they afford the greatest variety of shades of colors, and constant bloom. When grown from slips, the usual way, in greenhouses, and planted in South Florida soil, within a year they will, nine cases out of ten die, or “lead a sickly life at best.”’ This is because they are in their physical organization unsuited to our peculiar soil.
By selecting our native Rose for a stock, which is vigorous and per- fectly naturalized, and congenial in flowering habits, as well as uniting readily with other roses when grafted or budded upon it, this difficulty is entirely overcome. This stock we find in the Arbor Rose, which in every way seems especially suited to our needs. Not only do these weaklings, when budded upon it, seem to take much of the vigorous nature of its new parent, but they become more prolific in bloom.
Price, Marechal Neil, $1.50 each, $5 per dozen; all other kinds, 35 cts. each, $3 per dozen.
Tea Roses.
Adam. Bright Carmine.
Aline Sisley. Rare shade; violet-red.
Antoine Mouton.
Bon Silene. Bright, rosy crimson.
Bride. The finest rose offered ; deep creamy white. Climbing Devoniensis. White, tinged with pink. Chromatella. Clear, bright yellow.
Comtesse of Garth. Silvery pink.
Cornelia Cook. Pure, waxy white.
Catherine Mermet. Clear, shining pink.
Carl Cores. Deep rose.
Comptesse des Blanches. White.
Coral. Pink; daily.
Devoniensis. Magnolia Rose; creamy white, with rose center. Duchesse de Brabant. Salmon-pink; one of the best. Etoile de Lyon. Chrome-yellow.
Glorie de Dijon. Creamy white.
Hermosa. Beautiful clear rose.
Isabella Sprunt. Bright canary-yellow. ° Jean Pernet. Yellow, suffused with salmon.
Jules Margottin. Deep, brilliant rose, with crimson center. James Sprunt. Deep cherry-red; our finest red climber. Louis Philippe. Rich, dark, velvety crimson. Lamarque. Pale canary-yellow, nearly white; climber.
JAMES MoTtT, PROPRIETOR. 47
La France. Silver rose, shaded with pink ; one of the very best. Marie Bauman. Bright carmine.
Marechal Niel. Rich, creamy yellow; often tinged with carmine. Mad. Margottin. Dark citron-yellow, with rosy peach center. Mad. Ristori. Pale flesh color ; creamy center.
Mad. Lambard. Rosy bronze; passing to salmon.
Mad. Louis Henry. Silvery rose, shaded buff and salmon; climber. Mad. Welche. Amber-yellow, shaded with crimson.
Mad. Bravy. Creamy white; delicately fragrant.
Mad. Schwartz. Pure white, tinged with yellow.
Mad. Melville. Silvery pink; one of the best.
Marie Van Houtte. White; slightly rose-tinged petals. Narcisse. Pale lemon-yellow.
Niphetos. Pure snowy white.
Papa Gontier. Bright red.
Perle des Jardins. Clear golden yellow,
Reve @Or. Climbing Safrano; coppery yellow.
Souv. de Paul Neyron. White, tinged with golden yellow. Solfaterre. Clear sulphur-yellow.
Safrano. Coppery yellow ; one of the best.
Sylphide. Blush, with fawn center; very large.
Triumph de Luxembourg. Rose-carmine on buff ground. Washington. White.
Zelia Pradel. White, with yellow center,
Hybrid Perpetual Roses.
Abel Carriere. Deep velvety crimson.
Baron Provost. Bright red; shaded dark crimson. Baroness Rothschild. Pale silvery pink ; large.
Carl Cores. Deep red rose.
Coquette des Alps. Pure white; shaded with blush. Cabbage Rose. Pink.
Exposition. Reddish crimson; very bright.
Gen. Jacqueminot. Violet scarlet.
Her Majesty. Flower very large ; bright red.
La Reine. Deep rose.
La France. Delicate silvery rose.
Marquis Bocello. Pure white.
Mad. Plantier. Pure white.
Paul Neyron. Bright, shining pink.
President Lincoln. Deep red rose.
Prince “ Camille de Rohan.” Deep velvety crimson. Prince Albert. Pink; peculiarly shaded.
Sidonia. Light pink.
Victor Verdier. Fine cherry-rose ; shaded with carmine.
We are all the time adding to our stock, and the coming winter will have several others of the new and rare acquisitions.
48 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
PALMs.
In the whole world of plants the palm stands pre-eminent. Lin- nzus called palms the “‘ princess of the vegetable kingdom,’’ and they have held the throne of royalty for centuries. The cultivation of palms is one of the most satisfactory branches of floriculture; and they are, without doubt, the most beautiful and graceful subjects for house cul- ture at the North, or for the grand effects that may be produced by grouping the more hardy species on our Southern lawns. Palms are not hard to grow, and require a great deal less care than the majority of house plants. Give them a deep pot or tub to accommodate the long roots ; have this amply drained and filled with rich soil, and re-pot once a year; give partial shade and plenty of water while the plant is grow- ing , with an occasional sponging of the leaves to keep them clean and bright, and no difficulty will be experienced in growing small plants into fine and valuable specimens.
High prices have deterred many persons from purchasing these plants, and it is now our object to place a grand collection of them be- ore the public at prices at which all may indulge their fancy for them, and at no greater outlay than for common plants. True, we grow some very rare and high-priced ones, but these are only offered to persons who can afford to buy them. Many of the low-priced ones are just as handsome, and from our stock of over a hundred thousand plants, we can always make satisfactory selections. At the following prices, plants are sent free by mail, except when two prices are given; the higher price will indicate a much larger size, and such as can be sent by ex- press only. Plants of the smaller sizes do not, in most cases, show their true characteristic leaves, but will be strong, well-rooted, pot-grown plants, two or more years old, and if not already showing their true leaves, they very soon will.
Areca lutescens (Cirysalidocarpus lutescens). India. One of the most elegant and useful palms; the rich, shining green foliage is very firm in texture; the plant is also a rapid grower, and with good treatment a small plant can soon be grown into a fine specimen. Our
young plants all show character, and are unusually fine; we heartily recommend them. 60 cts. to $3 each.
Cocos Weddeliana. South America. One of the most elegant and graceful palms that ever has been introduced ; well-known in every collection of greenhouse plants, and one of the most useful to the flor- ist or for ordinary house culture; it endures the hardships falling to house plants easily, Beautiful little plants, 60 cts, each,
JAMES Morr, PROPRIETOR. 49
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Cycas Revoluta.
Chamzerops excelsa (Zrachycarpus excelsus). A quick-grow- ing and very desirable palm. 20 cents each. Kentia (Howea) Belmoreana. The Curry Palm of Lord Howe’s Island. This is always enthusiastically received when seen, on account of its elegance and its well-furnished growth. An elegant Species, in which the pinnae are beautifully curved and reflexed. Very fine plants, showing true leaves, $1.50 to $4 each.
Cycas Revoluta. The so-called Sago Palm; Japanese Fern Palm. One of the best known and handsomest of the order, and, as it is quite hardy, it is well adapted for the sub-tropical garden, where its dark a glossy leaves make it a very conspicuous object. The illustration
erewith is no exaggeration of the specimen plants we offer, and which we have by the hundred. The small plants have handsomer leaves, but fewer of them. Nice plants, postpaid, qo cts. each; larger, with 3 to 4 leaves, $1 each, postpaid ; half specimens, 5 to 7 leaves, $2.50 each ; half specimens, ro to 12 leaves, $4 each ; good specimens, 12 to 15 leaves ; $7 each ; large specimens, with trunks 16 to 24 inches high and 24 to 30 inches in circumference, with crowns of 20 to 40 leaves, $15, $20 and $25 each.
-50 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
Latania Borbonica (Livistona Sinensis). Southern China. One of the most popular palms in cultivation for decorative work, and, as it™is quite hardy, it is a very suitable plant for open air culture in Florida. From this species are obtained the well-known palm-leaf fans of commerce. It is advisable with this, as with most other palms that are to be planted in the open ground, to give partial shade while plants are small. After they are once thoroughly established, they will grow rapidly, and finally attain a large size. They succeed admirably as pot plants, and will thrive wherever a rose or geranium will, and with some attention the smaller plants will soon grow into fine specimens. Small plants, 15 cts. each; second size, 35 cts. each; large plants, from 6 and 7-inch pots, $3 to $3.50 each; large specimens, in 16-inch tubs, price on application.
Phoenix dactylifera. The well-known Date Palm of Northern Africa and Southern Asia. Trees of this species have produced fruit for years on Cumberland Island and at St. Augustine. They requlre, usually, about ten years to come into bearing, but there are cases where they have produced fruit much sooner. 15 to 25 cts. each, $12 to $20 per 100.
Seaforthia elegans (Piychosperma Cunninghaniana). From Queensland and New South Wales. (Australian Feather Palm). An elegant and very useful greenhouse palm. 20 cts. each, three for 50 cts.; large plants, 50 cts. each.
JAMES MorTtT, PROPRIETOR. 51
AURATIUM POMELO.
Believing, as I do, that it is the most valuable fruit of the citrus family, and thinking it was possible that I was partial in that belief, I have thought to send it out to different horticulturists of our own and of some of the gulf states, and the very high praise given it in every case justifying me in my first opinion, I here publish what a few have said of it:
J. A. Icenhour, of Paola, writes, Feb. 25th, 1890: ‘‘In regard to the fruit, it was elegant. I think one can say of it, facile princeps, and not overdraw it. The Satsuma is a great favorite, and with the Awra- tium pomelo J hold a pair that will beat three of a kind.’’
F. H. Griffing, Deland, writes, April 6th: ‘‘I find your favor in the shape of two nice samples of Awratium pomelo, which Mr. Kingsley and myself and several others have tested, much to our satisfaction. We pronounce it simply delicious: please accept hearty thanks.’’
Richard Klemm, Bartow, writes, April 3d: ‘‘ The samples of Az- ratium pomelo you sent me have been carefully tested by myself and several orange growers, and all pronounce the same excellent fruit, combining the characteristics of a pomelo with the desired flavor of an orange. The aurantium will prove a most decided addition to the list of Florida citrus fruits.”
Levi Risinger, Sorrento, writes, March 20th: ‘‘ The Awratium po- melo arrived in due time. I tested them with Rev. Walker, of Tan- gierine, and Rev. C. A. Lander, of Messina. We found them in quality very much superior to the grape fruit. The size is much preferable, as they are not so large, and the skin being very thin, gives them more eating matter in proportion to the size. We found the flavor to partake of both the orange and the grape fruit. I am convinced that as the fruit becomes known many groves will be planted; at least no place will be complete without giving this fruit a place.”’
Mr. D. Redmond, of St. Nicholas, writes under the date of July 29th, 1890: ‘‘The samples of Auratium pomelo reached me in good condition, and I cannot but regard it as a very great acquisition. The flavor is very piquant, stimulating and refreshing.”
From Life in Florida: ‘‘ We are indebted to Mr. James Mott, pro- prietor of the Orlando Nursery, for a fine speciemen of his latest acquired fruit, and the most valuable acquisition to the citrus family yet produced. It is as much orange as grape-fruit—a hybrid, beyond the shadow of a
52 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
doubt. In quality it is very sweet and fine, with just enough of the bitter principle to let one know that it is a grape-fruit. We divided the specimens, and all who partook of it were free to say that it was by all odds the finest fruit they had ever tasted. Kinsman, many thanks.”’
From the Orange County Reporter: “The Auratium pomelo now being introduced by James Mott is a grape fruit of marked excellence. It is somewhat smaller than the ordinary grape-fruit, but is richer in flavor, and lacks the bitter that is so objectionable to some in the ordi- nary fruit. Mr. Mott claims it is a hybrid, and as much an orange as a grape fruit. In appearance it is like the latter, while it has somewhat the appearance of the orange. It is a fruit that should find a place in every grove.’’
Mr. Curtis, in Zimés-Union: ‘‘Mr. James Mott, of the Orlando Nursery, recently sent us a specimen of a new citrus fruit of which, we believe, he has a monopoly at present. It isa hybrid between an orange and pomelo, or grape-fruit, comprising characteristics of both. It orig- inated in Orange county from a seed of Dummitt orange. In size it re- sembes an orange; in color and internal structure, the grape-fruit or pomelo. In flavor it presents a happy combination of both. The fruit sent us was divided among four good judges, who agreed in pronouncing it a delightful fruit and a great acquisition to our pomology.”’
From the Florida Dispatch, Farmer and Fruit Grower: “ Mr. James Mott, of Orlando, favors us with samples of his Ausalium pomelo, or sweet grape fruit. They are smaller and thinner skinned than the grape-fruit, and are very juicy and of a delicious flavor, free from bitter- ness, with a sprightly acid, which leaves but little to be desired.”
From Zampa Tribune: ‘‘Mr. James Mott, of Orlando, has kindly presented us with some ‘sweet grape fruit’ that we find simply delicious. It is known in the catalogue as Auratium pomelo. It is a chance seed- ling, originating in Orange county from an orange seed procured from the noted Dummit orange grove on Indian river. Is as as much orange as grape-fruit—a hybrid, beyond question. The most valuable acquisi- tion to the citrus family yet out. Fruit smaller, skin thin, less rag (or core); in quality sweet and very fine, with just enough of the bitter principle that we know it is of the grape fruit. We recommend this fruit to all lovers of its kind. Mr. Mott is the proprietor of the Orlando Nur- sery, and will furnish his catalogue and prices on application. The sweet grape-fruit will grow in favor as fast as it is known.”’
From South Florida Sentinel: ‘Mr. James Mott, proprietor of the Orlando Nursery, presented the Se/z7e/ a short time since with a grape-
JAMES Morr, PROPRIETOR. 53
fruit that was the finest thing the writer has ever seen in that line. It is evidently a cross between an orange and a grape-fruit, and as Mr. Mott says, ‘is a chance seedling, originating in Orange county, from an or- ange seed procured from the noted Dummit orange grove, on Indian river—a hybrid, beyond question.’ The fruit is somewhat larger than the orange, the skin is thin, the quality is sweet and fine, with just enough of the bitter principle to make us know that it is of the grape family. The fruit is exceedingly delicious.”’
From Florida Facts: ‘‘Mr. James Mott, of Orlando, has kindly sent the publisher of /Vorvida Facts a sample of the Auratium pomelo. From a circular enclosed with it we learn that it is a chance seedling, originat- ing in Orange county, from an orange seed procured from the noted Dummit orange grove, on Indian river. It is as much orange as grape fruit—a hybrid, beyond question. The most valuable acquisition to the citrus family yet out. Fruit smaller, skin thin, less rag (or core); in quality sweet and very fine, with just enough of the bitter principle that we know it is of the grape-fruit. It is the finest grape fruit we have ever eaten, and if carefully peeled you hardly know it is one by the taste. In appearance it is more of an orange than a grape fruit.”’
From Times Union, April 28th, 1890: ‘‘To the Agricultural Editor of the Zinzes-Union :—The rapidly increasing popularity of the grape- fruit has naturally led fruit growers to the selection of the best varieties. I have lately eaten one of the Auratium pomelo presented me by Mr. James Mott, a nurseryman of Orlando, and the introducer of the fruit. I must admit that it is as far ahead of the common pomelo as a sweet orange surpasses the bitter-sweet. In fact, it bears about the same rela- tion to the ordinary variety. It is evidently a mixture of sweet orange and pomelo. It is not quite so large, has a thin skin, is free from bitter, and the pulp is very tender and juicy. I sampled the fruit in December and February, and can testify that it is away ahead of grape fruit at all seasons, but attains its perfection in April, at which season it will be most appreciated, coming in with the Tardiffs. In appearance of fruit and foliage it is distinctly like the pomelo, the former having a deeper color, and the latter only lacking somewhat the steel-like luster of the common variety. My opinion is that it is destined to take a high place among citrus fruits.’’ I. MCQUEEN AULD.
Evidence on the Auratium Pomelo.
From Halifax Journal: “Editor Halifax Journal:—My new sweet grape fruit is now well ripened, and much superior to the sample
54 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO. FLA.
you had last fall, and I send you by express, charges prepaid, two speci- mens which I know will please you. The terrible frost of the 17th of March caught me badly. My nursery chanced to be in one of those spots where the ‘fight was thickest,’ and it almost cleaned me out. I am ‘up and at it,’ and will have more trees as soon as they can be grown. Ihave a few hundred small trees left, only, and by June they will be good to go out, while my buds now in will be coming on. I am thinking more than ever of Auratium pomelo. You will say with me that it is the best and most luscious of all the citrus fruits, the blending of fruit sweets and acids with the principle of the parent grape-fruit is so nicely brought about in this cross with the orange that to all tastes it is superior to either ; and being good in October and holding on the tree until June, it fills a place in the market after oranges have gone. “Truly yours, JAMES Morvt.’’ Orlando, April 5th, rSgo.
““TWe received two specimens of Mr. James Mott’s Auratium po- melo, and submitted them to the tasting committee of Marcus L. and Geo. F. Smith, J. H. L. Slayton, A. S. Briggs, J. M. Stewart and Capt. Swap. All united in pronouncing it a great acquisition to our citrus fruits, and at this season of the year it was superior to the orange, with which opinions we agree, and predict that it will become very popular in the market, as well as very valuable for home consumption. Mr. Mott informs us it is in good eating condition until June, and eatable in Oc- tober.—Eb. ]”’
From Zimes-Democrat,N.O: “Agricultural Editor of the Zimes- Democrat :-—Your valuable paper of the 21st has a clipping from a Cali- fornia paper, ‘The Pomelo or Grape Fruit.’ The common ‘shaddock’ or grape fruit is coming more and more into use, not only here at home, but is sought after in northern markets. The fruit acid it contains, and the bitter principle of its skin, which is also to some extent blended in its juice, is admitted to be the most wholesome fruit acid known, especially for hot climates. I have heard it remarked that the God of nature placed it here for man’s wholesome, as well as luxurious food.
““The writer remarks that in foreign countries it is never known to cross with other citrus fruits, which, so far as I have been able to find out, is true of it. Ours, here in Florida,|is a peculiar climate, and there are many freaks in horticultural nature coming about that the best of us cannot account for. There are instances of fruits crossing here that scientists of other countries have told us could not be, which is, likely, true of other sections. That the pomelo here is crossed with the orange
JAMES Mott, PROPRIETOR. 55
there need be no question. I send you samples of one that has been named ‘ 4uratium pomelo,’ that is known to have come from a Florida orange seed, a description of which is here given :
“Auratium pomelo is a chance seedling originating in Orange county from an orange seed procured from the noted Dummit orange grove, on Indian river. It is as much orange as grape-fruit—a hybrid, beyond question. The most valuable acquisition to the citrus family yet out. Fruit smaller, skin thin, less rag (or core); in quality sweet and very fine, with just enough of the bitter principle that we know it is of the grape fruit. There are several other instances of this hybridization in our section. I have thought this one partakes more of the orange, both in color and pulp as well, being sweeter to most tastes. You can judge, Mr. Editor, yourself of its value. JAMES Mort.”
Orlando, Fla, March, 2d, 1S9o.
“[The specimens alluded to by our correspondent came safely to hand, and in good order. They were tested by some of our most exten- sive orange growers, and pronounced a decided acquisition, several thinking them to be decidedly better than any variety of orange to be found on the New Orleans market at this season of the year. The slight bitter flavor, which in this instance was scarcely perceptible, the sprightliness of the juice, containing only sufficient acid to make it pala- table, could not be classed as objectionable. Color but slightly darker than the ordinary shaddock or grape-fruit. Solid and juicy, with only a moderate amount of core. We consider this fruit worthy of an ex- tended trial, especially in the southern limit of citrus culture in Louisi- ana and Mississippi.—Eb. ]’’
From Southern Horticultural Journal: ‘‘ Editor Southern Hort- icultural Journal :—I send you by mail to-day specimens of Awratium pomelo, one of our new citrus fruits. James Morr.’’
““[The two fine pomelos sent us by Mr. Mott were somewhat larger than fine Navel oranges, and of lemon-colored, smooth, thin skin. On cutting one open we found it to contain thirty-two fully developed seeds, but the pulp had a highly-flavored, sweet, sprightly taste. The juice was far more pleasant to the taste than most oranges (at least to our taste), and had just enough of the bitter taste to counterbalance the sugar and acid, and form a combination that will be sought by most palates when once tested.—Ep.]”’
56 ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLA.
‘“TEEUREKA!”’
THE BOONE ORANGE.
Dr. Henry Foster, of Clifton Springs, N. Y., who has very exten- sive orange groves at Lake Charm, Fla., and who has large experience in marketing this valuable product, once said: ‘“‘If we could gather our oranges in October, England, with its teeming millions, would furnish our best market for this fruit.’’
This remark put me to thinking, and I began “looking around,”’ and in October I FouND rt, and could not help exclaiming, “‘EUREKA.”’ On November 29th of the same year, I carried a basket of the oranges before the Executive Committee of the Florida Horticultural Society at Sanford, and the following is an extract from their proceedings, published in the Florida Dispatch and Fruit Grower, Dec. 12th, of the same year. (See pages 1074 and 1075.)
Another Early Orange.
“On the 29th ultimo the Executive Committee of the Florida Horti- cultural Society met at Sanford, Rev. Lyman Phelps, chairman ; Dudley W. Adams, president; E.,O. Painter, secretary; and Mr. A. H. Man- ville, all the members of the committee except Mr. George L. Taber. Mr. J. C. Clark, of the Ocala Sem-Tropical, and Mr. E. S. Hubbard, the well-known horticulturist and orange expert, were present by in- vitation.
“After the routine business was completed, Mr. Phelps introduced Mr. C. A. Boone, one of the leading business men of Orlando. Mr. Boone had upon his arm a large basket of oranges, which was placed before the committee, with an invitation to partake. Although the fruit had that peculiar deep hue indicative of ripeness, the committee looked doubtful; it was evident that their teeth were all on edge from recent attempts in the same line, and that even now they were groan- ing in spirit in sympathy with the abused ‘consumer’ of the North, whom for the last month, we have insisted should revel in the delights of the golden (?) fruit. But Mr. Boone assured the committee that in this instance appearances were not deceptive, but that the fruit was in reality as ripe as it looked.
““Many were the expressions of surprise and delight when the or- anges were submitted to the test. They were thoroughly ripe and of
JAMES Mort, PROPRIETOR. 57
good ‘tone? and flavor, unlike the China strain (Early Oblong, etc.,) which has given us our early oranges. thus far, all of whibh are more or less ‘flat.’ From the peculiar tint of the rind, as well as its conforma- tion and the interior make-up of the fruit, it was at once pronounced of the ‘blood’ family, although there were no sanguinary flecks in the pulp. It had all the tenderness of pulp, delicacy of membrane and juiciness characteristic of the Malta family. At Mr. Boone’s request that the committee give a name, it was called “‘ Boone,’’ after its intro- ducer—the Boone orange.
“He stated to the committee that the tree had been recently brought to his attention on account of its earliness. It was an old tree, and was evidently from imported seed or stock. The peculiarities of the orange are that it ripens fully four weeks before other varieties, possesses a fine, rich flavor, and has but little pulp and very few, if any seeds. The committee pronounced it a decided acquisition.’’
H. H. BERRY, Wagon Works
ORLANDO, FLORIDA.
Fine Carriages, Buggies, Road Carts, Light One-Horse Wagons, Heavy Wagons and Dump Carts.
In the manufacture of every vehicle of my make, there is none but the best material to be had, used. My mechanics are among the best, fully understanding the science of pro- portions and adjustment in the construction of vehicles, which has given my work the good name the BERRY WAGON everywhere bears.
] use only the best wheels and axles, from the best factories in the United States. I make no cheap work, but act from the old motto, “what is worth doing is worth doing well.’’
James’ Mott, of the Orlando Nursery, bas our buggies and wagon in use, and is my authorized agent. Write him for estimates and prices.
H. H. BERRY, Orlando, Fla.
LARTIGUE’S “MOON” COLTER; ORLANDO, FLORIDA.
The most perfect Colter invented, will cut crab grass, Bermuda-grass sod, pea vines, potato vines, weeds, cotton stalks or vegetation grown for fertilizing, so that any turn plow of seven-inch cut or over will turn the furrow without clogging. The only Colter that will do this work so perfectly. The shoe rides down the growth to the blade and holds it till cut; no other Colter has a shoe.
Twenty-five per cent. in labor is saved by its use. It has sand-proof boxing. It has the best clamp in the world; can
not work loose.
No farmer can longer afford to do without the MOON COLTER. Over 3,000 are now in use.
There can be no substitute for it. I have used one for the past three years, and would dislike to do without it, and upon its merits I insert this advertisement, knowing I am doing my patrons a favor in telling them of this very useful farm implement.
PRICES, delivered, freight paid, to your nearest railroad station:
No. 1. 8-inch disc, 1-horse plow, $3.50. b
ce 2 Io ce ce 2 cé (a9 4.00.
c¢ 3: I2 (a9 ce 2 c¢ ce 4.50.
ORDERS SOLICITED OVER GEORGIA and FLORIDA.
JAMES MOTT, Agent, Orlando, Florida.
Some Good Pooks
For the Farm and housebold.
Any one of these valuable books will be sent, postpaid, direct, on receipt of price.
Be careful to write name and post office plain, so that there may be no mistakes in mailing.
Direct to JAMES Morr, ORLANDO, FLORIDA.
yee MODIFICATION OF PLANTS BY CLIMATE.—By A. A. CRoziER. An essay on the influence of climate upon size, form, color, fruitfulness, etc., with a discussion on the question of acclimation. 35 pp., paper. Price, 10 cents.
OPULAR ERRORS ABOUT PLANTS.—By A.A. Crozier. A collection of errors and superstitions entertained by farmers, gardeners and others, together with brief scientific refutations. Highly interesting to students and intelligent readers of the new and attractive in rural literature, and of real value to practical cultivators who want to know the truth about their work. Price, cloth, $1.
ROSS-BREEDING AND HYBRIDIZING:—7hke Philosophy of the Crossing of Plants, considered with Reference to their Cultivation.—By L. H. BAILEY. The main sub- ject-matter of this book was delivered as a lecture before the Massachusetts State Board ot Agriculture in Boston, Dec.1, 1891. Like all the writings of Professor Bailey, it happily combines the result of faithful study and exhaustive practical experiment, in a style that is at once simple yet comprehensive, and that is interesting and valuable both to the learned and unlearned reader. Rural Library Series. Price, 20 cents.
HE NURSERY BOOK.—By L. H. BaiLey, assisted by several of the most skillful propagators in the world. A complete Handbook of Propagation and Pollination of Plants. Profusely illustrated. Sixth thousand.
This valuable little manual has been compiled with great pains. It isabsolutely devoid of theory and speculation. It has nothing to do with plant physiology or abstruse rea- soning about plant growth. It simply tells, plainly and briefly, what every one who sows a seed, makes a cutting, sets a graft, or crosses a flower wants to know. It is entirely new in Original method and matier. The illustrations number 107, and are made especially for it, direct frem nature. The book treats of all kinds of cultivated plants, fruits, vege- tables, greenhouse plants, hardy herbs, ornamental trees and shrubs and forest-trees. It tells how to propagate over 2,000 varieties of shrubs, trees and herbaceous or soft stemmed plants—the process for each being fully described.
Price, cloth, wide margins, $1; paper, narrow margins, 50 cents,
E NEW POTATO CULTURE.—By ELsertS. CarMAN. This book gives the result of 15 years’ experiment work on The Rural grounds. Ittreats particularly of: How 0 increase the crop without corresponding cost of production. Manures and fertilizers : inds and methods of application. The soil, and how to put it in right condition. Jepth of planting. How much seed to plant. Methods of culture. The Rural trench tem. Varieties, etc., etc.
Nothing old or worn-out about this book. It treats of new and profitable methods; in act, of The NEW Potato Culture. It is respectfully submitted that these experiments at The Rural grounds have, directly and indirectly, thrown more light upon the various prob- ms involved in successful potato-culture than any other experiments that have been ed on in America.
Price, cloth, 75 cents; paper, 4o cents.
ERUIT CULTURE, and the Laying Out and Management of a Country Home.—By W. _ C. STRONG, Ex-President of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, and Vice- President of the American Pomological Society. Illustrated. _ Rural Homes—Choiceof Locality—Treatment—A Good Lawn—The Approach—Fruits —Location of the Fruit Garden—Success in Fruit-Culture—Profit in Fruit-Culture. How Procure Trees—Quality—How to Plant—Time to Plant—Preparing the Land—Fertiliz- -ers—Cutting Back—Distances for Planting. Care of the Fruit-Garden —Irrigation—Ap- plication of Fertilizers—Thinning the Fruit—Labels. The Apple—Insects Injurious to the Apple. The Pear—Dwarf Pears—Situation and Soil—Pruning—Ripening the Fruit— Sects Injurious to the Pear—Diseases. The Peach—Injurious Insects and Diseases of the ch—Nectarines. The Plum—Insects and Diseases of the Plum—Apricots. The erry—Insects Injurious to the Cherry. The Quince—Insects Injurious to the Quince.
rrant—Insects Attacking the Currant—The Gooseberry—The Raspberry—The Black- ry—The Strawberry—The Mulberry—The Fig—Rhubarb— Asparagus. Propagating t-Trees—From the Seed—By Division—By Cuttings—By Layers—By Budding—By ing. Insecticides—Fungicides—Recipes.
ANDSCAPE-GARDENING.—By Eras A. Lone. A practical treatise, comprising 32 = diagrams of actual grounds and parts of grounds, with copious explanations. Of the ams, all but nine have appeared in the serial, ‘‘ Taste and Tact in Arranging Home Other Grounds,’” which has been so attractive a feature of Popular Gardening and @ American Garden during the past year. But in the new form the matter has been
< on Landscape Gardening.
Price, 50 cents.
= CAULIFLOWER.—By A. A. Crozier. Originand History of this increasingly im- portant and always delicious vegetable.
The Cauliflower Industry.—In Europe. In the United States. Importation of Cauli-
anagement of the Crop.—Soil. Fertilizers, Planting. Cultivating. Harvesting.
on. Cauliflower in the South. The Pacific Coast. i’ Insect and Fungous Enemies.—Flee-beetle. Cut-worms. Cabbage-maggot. Cabbage- worm. Stem-rot. Damping-off, Black-leg.
Cauliflower-Seed.—Importance of careful selection. Where the seed is grown. In- fluence of climate. American-grown seed.
Varieties.—Descriptive catalogue. Order of earliness. Variety tests. Best varieties.
Broccoli.—Difference between Broccoli and Cauliflower. Cultivation, use and varieties of Broccoli.
Cooking Cauliflower. — Digestibility. | Nutritive value. Chemical composition. Recipes.
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NSECTS AND INSECTICIDES.—A practical Manual concerning Noxious Insects and the Methods of Preventing their Injuries. By CLARENCE M. WEED, Professor of En- tomology and Zodlogy, New Hampshire State College.
I think that you have gotten together a very useful and valuable little book.—Dr. C. V. Rivey, U.S. Entomologist.
It is excellent. I must congratulate you on the skill you have displayed in putting in the most important insects, and the complete manner in which you have done the work. —JAMES FLETCHER, Dominion Entomologist.
I am well pleased with it. There is certainly a demand for just such a work.—Dr. F. M. HEXAMER, Editor American Agriculturist.
Price, cloth, $1.25.
HEMICALS AND CLOVER.—By H. W. CoL_inGwoop, managing editor of The Rural
NNew-Yorker. A concise and practical discussion of the all-important topic of com- mercial fertilizers in connection with green manuring in bringing up worn-out soils, and in general farm practice. Rural Library Series.
Price, paper, 20 cents.
HRYSANTHEMUM CULTURE FOR AMERICA.—By James Morton. An excel- lent and thorough book; especially adapted to the culture of Chrysanthemums in America. The contents include Propagation by Grafting, Inarching and Seed—American History—Propagation by Cuttings—Exhibition Plants—Classification—Exhibition Blooms —Soil for Potting—Watering and Liquid Manure—Selection of Plants—Top-Dressing— Hints on Exhibitions—List of Synonyms—Staking and Tying—General Culture—In- sects and Diseases—Standard Chrysanthemums—Sports and Variations — Disbudding and Thinning—Oriental and European History—Calendar of Monthly Operations—Chry- santhemum Shows and Organizations—National Chrysanthemum Society—Early and Late- Flowering Varieties—Chrysanthemums as House-Plants—Varieties for Various Purposes.
Price, cloth, $1; paper, 60 cents.
PRAYING CROPS.—Why, When and How to Do Jt.—By Pror. CLARENCE M. WEED.
A handy volume of about 100 pages; illustrated. Covers the whole field of the insect and fungous enemies of crops for which the spray is used. The following topics are dis- cussed in a concise, practical manner:
Spraying Against Insects. Feeding Habits of Insects. Spraying Against Fungous Diseases. The Philosophy of Spraying. Spraying Apparatus. Spraying Trees in Blos- som. Precautions in Spraying. Insecticides used in Spraying. Fungicides used in Spraying. Combining Insecticides and Fungicides. Cost of Spraying Materials. Prejudice Against Spraying. Spraying the Larger Fruits. Spraying Small Fruits and Nursery Stock. Spraying Shade-Trees, Ornamental Plants and Flowers. Spraying Vegetables, Field Crops and Domestic Animals.
Price in stiff paper cover, 50 cents; flexible cloth, 75 cents.
INDEX.
Page. INUENGia. SACOM ONO os Dep - 43 ANVERT ANCE. “Seon, 5 oho ose 43 Amaryllisercrses sais cst <i. = 42 IN TOES 32a eis Cee ar INDOWONS. “Rees a gece come secs 27 Arbor-vitel ... - 40 INQ3G2 > oedice Ge. cba el ADCS 48 Aurantium Pomelo. . ~ . 7, 51-55 IBAMNIOO MMe eet et ho). se) ee 41 Sale aivS OG co aio) ohowa . 36 BEE OMIASM Ea ecs seca) shies: 44 Bryophyllum - 44 Caladiums - 44 GhanierOpse- =) = 1s - 49 GIiGHGESS SS apo Bl Be pone 5) 6 36 Chry: santhemum> 5: pane - 44 Cinnamomum . . . - AI (Cig INAS Boao onoMomm Gin 7-19 CGiniseotifolataee «3.4 5. 12 COROS. qtatigmas Peace woe Gans - 48 GGletiste.. 2 ih sie - 44 CES o old, ASS Sa aon 49 Cypress, Monterey . 42 WE DEGEVer 9S fh epee wile 31 Eugenia Jambos. . 237 BupHOLDIa <n eG) - 41 “ Eureka’? . 56 PEIME: 6 Gloud Giant aaa stem aes 43 IGEOUIZIN eek atc ni) nee ee et oe 16 PLUCIS 5 oy Gateouee Bitonb yc meena 42 Figs > as} IUSCAtA) ons. 2 j- <4 a6 a ohe: Gardenia Florida .. . a ain Grandifonraige, =). = =) = We 248) Graperve ruts - 2-0). 4,5, 8 Grapes . 28, 29 Grevillea . . 40 Guavas ... 227 Hibiscus . . - 40 Hyacinth, Water . 42 Hy drangeas . - 42 Insect Pests 3 Set ole GO HiELOGIUCtOLVeor-greees fo ee: ny 2 Ipomeea . SAK - 43 Kentiay S505 - 49 ataniay <r ks a. = - 50 NWR ETUONS ermeat tees Mente vhs. * cos 12 ILyibishesite Parse ceeted ~ 42
Page WiatiSOn isu is + ele yi 36 Manettia Vine......... 43 Miscellaneous - 36 Miscellaneous Plants . 41-44 Wit errieS erat ess ~ 27, Oleander e-usao crear venue 41 Orange Culture 13-19 Orange, History of ees Oranges dic 4 ¢ 5 3h eh) UO) 1 Oranges, Table for Planting . 19 Beilin 5 oS ooo ol 8-50 Peach, Culture of in Florida . . 20 IMeuvelm, ISbeWoay@! — 4 a20 505 6 6 Beaches nee ore Ses ase 20, 23 Peaches on Marianna Plum IRGYO i th. SOND Ge One 0) Dueamee 23
Peaches that have originated in
North Florida . . 23 Pearsec- sso mn es . 26 RC GAUSits tan teleesieiiee tec cer fore 37 Persimmons, Japan 5 Ass IPINosNe Geol Go cso Se - 50 Pineapple, Culture of - 34 Pineapple, History of 32-34 Pineapple, Varieties of - 36 IMEEM NES a g/ovo 00 Gas 32 Plums Sad 4c 24 Plums, Japan... 2 ey] Poinciana . AT Pomegranates... . - a7 Quinces. . . - 26 Roses 45-47 Sansievera - 43 Seaforthia . 50 Seedlings, Gr ape- Fruit aeet eed TD Seedlings, Sour Orange . . . . 12 Selaginella Mer rickrneks Ohcyice ie) fers 43 Shaddock 4,5 Shade Trees .. . - 38-41 Strawberries =i 3 SUGDIUS pameeeecss us ea ees 31
| Were Oitloslene G05 6 6 bone 40 Tradescantia ae 43 WWitnhesVialksin oc teteg to skis won ae 31 Vine, Manuring the... . 30 Vineyard, Location of. . . 29 Vineyard) Plantings 3 2. 3: 29 Vineyard Training 29
J. HorAcE MCFARLAND Co., HORTICULTURAL PRINTERS, HARRISBURG, PA.
Pee bER SHEC!..
ORLANDO NURSERY, ORLANDO, FLORIDA. JAMES MOTT:
IMPORTANT:—Be sure to wrile name and post office plain and direct how to ship.
WVOUIE. Ross ivcdancacss Menuec acne aon Se enecy sariener sails sissies DE ONCEO ECB cr iwasca sted fr tevevesnets iaarees tcoseaece Amount enclosed §....10.--00+- wees ISLE Sea oc ance Siobaaoaota ceaCeaaae PERCE TS DDO aan caxeieesessccicasesiede ae 189... PE NOn Ia. ‘ NOG : = = 3to4|4t06 | Dol Cts| 3to4 4to6 Dol Cts feet | feet feet | feet | | pavuig eae ee [ease A a se \ | : | Citrus Trees. Grapes. | Backes | White Niagara | GRAPE FRUIT. | ..|Barly Dawn - [Doilins - - - -| | .|Agawam - - - ..|Hart's sTmproved) | ra Souconden-— is Aurantium } | .|Ives’ Seedling - SEAR Pe ree Pomelo Deleware - - - eee. | i ay | vy A ORANGE. | | Pine Apples. Hseouaigeyst io ene | | Smooth Cayenne
: Ripley Queen - | Shade Trees. | . Texas Umbrella | . Australian Oak .|Hibiseus - - - three kinds.
|\Boone’s Early - Abakehi - - - | ‘| Tangerine She = 2 of
ESA Wala |
4 * Satsuma - - - “> Mandarin - - -| ... Mott’s Blood - | _ Maltese Blood - | . Homosassa - -|
| infie c =| \Parson Brown | arg eee PSs Fae Soe Pe Vie tales omnis acoeetrs Le ay |Chinese Goiden | Arborita) |
. Riverside Netvel
2 «lessee. /5imMs’ Summer EEe Le LEMONS.
..Bonnie Brae - |/Belair =9- -. =| C | Villa Franca - Peaches. hee Mott’s Free - . Bidwel’s Early Bidwel’s Late - | |Waldow- - - | oe . Angel - le. Barly Arlington eetaale assent Reeves’ Mam’th
Cap Jessamine - |
| |
“| Etoele de Leon .jlaFrance - -
.|Devoniensis - - .|Mrs. J os. Wartz| . Thera Starvens- | | .|Mrs. Jean Sisley .|\Washington - .|Zella Pradel -
ae | be | iMrs. John Laing | Apples. | ‘| Her Majesty - | Sitesise'lfs w....|Lrausatdie Crab] i .|Bessie Johnson - | eemmoss | es | r Pears. \, , .|Mad. Lombard | LeCont es ean eed Meera (ag |Mad. Camille - | tonate « |eseee[LeConte .- - - ‘Duchess de ae | Eecral acaereea Brabant | | | |e ress ‘lBon Seline - - | = ae ‘|LaRine - - c ... Louis Phillippe Apricot. | ... Magna Charta | eee Pee Deland. (as=- | ‘Blanche de Meru | | Persimmons. gees Apple- - | a | .Mangoe - - - een = 7 | ie A ee BEN = = = EP: Cut spotted - - - S Hyakume tive | | seaaseae tedecweee Royal Ponceana Tp ee ae ee eed ee 17 Bananas. ee |......../Eart’s Choice - pe en Pre eee \Cavendishii - -| COP PRS te = - - - = =o | ed bee Champion - - -! Wee ih oes Op acai | \ aust sch .|Giant Bamboo Paper Shell, - - -|Dwarf (Japan Plum - - Mangus. | Cayanne Cherry .|Apricot Mango | | Mulberry. ,|Spotted 3 > ie FCORCND (EYES . Chas, Downing | | C—O oe | | Figs. }
ee a ees ‘White Adriatic - .|Brown Turkey - \California Black |
SSE 512)
Sir mon Pure FOR THE.
~ ORANGE GROVE, GARDEN and o- ne VINEYARD. Scere
Not an ounce of materiel used but that contain. ing plant food, and all in the best. forms known to date, Write: for analyses and prices.
‘DEALER IN oe ‘Bicobena BONE. TOBACCO bust. sae _ NITRATE SODA, GROUND BONE. | _ BONE BLACK, SULPHATE. ANICIONIA. _ CHICKEN BONE. LINSEED MEAL. Se ota COTTON SEED MEAL.
: IMPORTERS or é — Sole Agent for
N POTASH (ssa - GREEN RIVER TOBACCO STEMS. |
94“
: For further Nadia, address
| EDW. O. PAI NTER, Prop.
: Simon Pure Chemical Fertilizer Works, — DE LAND, FLORIDA.
JAMES MOTT, Agent, ORLANDO, FLA.