MUSEUM or COMPARATIVE LOOLOGY ANNUAL REPORT HARVARD UNIVERSITY ‘ Gf SS DS 3? . 4 a a - Ay Pate ee 2011-2012 DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE Those of us who work in natural history museums confront a significant paradox. On the one hand, there arguably has never been a better time to be a comparative and evolutionary biologist. The rate of discovery of new, unnamed species is higher than ever before. We have at our disposal an array of cutting-edge tools and technologies that may yield answers to fundamental questions about evolutionary patterns and underlying mechanisms that the scientific community has pondered for decades, if not centuries. Yet, threats to Earth’s biodiversity are increasing every day. These threats, if unchecked, will lead to a global loss of species in our lifetimes that may rival the global mass extinctions of prehistoric times. This paradox contributes to a heightened sense of urgency that underlies all we do. At the very least, these are exciting times. The MCZ remains relevant by maintaining research programs of broad intellectual scope, which focus on contemporary scientific and societal problems. It continues to train generations of comparative and evolutionary biologists of all stripes and to instill an understanding and appreciation of the natural world in countless undergraduates. It is thus with enormous pleasure that I present this latest annual report, which highlights the research, education and related initiatives conducted by MCZ faculty, staff, students and visitors during the 2011-2012 academic year. The opening pages of this report chronicle what often prove to be life-changing experiences for Harvard undergraduates and graduate students. Several Organismic and Evolutionary Biology (OEB) department courses led by MCZ faculty-curators offer enrolled students all-expense-paid field trips to the tropics during spring break. The university underwrites the entire cost of these trips, largely from MCZ discretionary funds but with key additional support from OEB, the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies and other sources within the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. These unforgettable experiences convince many students to choose the OEB concentration, some to go to graduate school in comparative biology and others to become committed environmentalists, but everyone benefits in important ways. Recent activity in MCZ’s collections has furthered our multiyear effort to improve environmental conditions for specimen conservation, increase storage capacity and enhance access. As I write this message, most of the mammal collection is being rehoused in our state-of- the-art facility in the Northwest Building. Another example is our new Cryogenic Collection in MCZ Laboratories, which will provide a common, shared facility for maintaining frozen samples for genetic analysis. Finally, ongoing initiatives in biodiversity informatics are generating additional means of sharing collections data worldwide. MC7Z’s strength as a research and teaching institution lies not only in its strong intellectual foundation and its excellent facilities, but also in the largely unheralded efforts of its many faculty- curators, staff and students, who together push the frontiers of scientific learning and discovery. Hence, I commend and thank everyone once again for the work they do to make the MCZ the essential and relevant institution that it is today. James Hanken Director Cover photo credits: Top, left to nght: Gonzalo Giribet; Gonzalo Ginibet; Adam Baldinger; Gonzalo Giribet; Rowan Barrett Bottom, left to right: Breeanna Elliott; Scott Edwards; Thomas Dai; Jay Taft; Jessica Hawthorn Opposite page: Peter Wilton SS ANNUAL Report 2011-2012 a ] E & § s S Amanda Lu M OF COMI STUDENTS EXPERIENCE [TROPICAL BIODIVERSITY FIRSTHAND Whether netting birds in Panama, searching out reptiles in Costa Rica or diving for sea stars, the 2012 spring break took students into the field to experience what they could never learn through textbooks and museum specimens alone. Three classes from the Organismic and Evolutionary Biology department—taught largely by MCZ faculty-curators—offered all-expense-paid trips for their undergraduate and graduate students. For some, it was their first journey out of the country. For most, it was their initial exposure to the diverse environments of the Neotropical region— rainforest, cloudforest, savannah, coastal wetlands—or distinctive marine habitats like mangrove forests and coral reefs. Even though specimens from the MCZ collections are studied in classroom settings, observing a live animal’s behavior in its natural habitat is an entirely different experience. Seeing species alive and up close facilitates the learning process, bringing scientific terms and phylogenetic groups figuratively and literally to life. Experiences in the field also engender a deeper understanding of—and sense of awe for—these rapidly disappearing ecosystems. The spring field trips will convince some students to choose an OEB concentration, attend graduate school in some area of comparative biology, or become committed environmentalists. Regardless of their future career paths, these trips imbue students with respect for the planet’s biodiversity and ignite their conservation ethic. Observing Amphibians and Reptiles in Costa Rica OEB 167: Herpetology took 21 students to Costa Rica’s La Selva Biological Station, operated by the Organization of Tropical Studies; Veragua Rainforest Station, an ecotourist educational facility; and Pacuare Nature Reserve on the northeastern coast "ARATIVE ZOOLOGY of Costa Rica. Professors James Hanken and Jonathan B. Losos led the trip, assisted by teaching fellow Alexis Harrison and Losos lab members Martha Munoz, Ambika Kamath and Katie Boronow. Before departing for Costa Rica, Professors Hanken and Losos charged their students with the task of becoming “resident experts” in specific reptile and amphibian species. On daily hikes, students shared information about their organisms once they were encountered in the field. Sightings of crocodiles, caiman and sea turtles were especially prized, but so were rare species of frogs, snakes and lizards such as Corylophanes, a hard-to-find arboreal lizard. “The herpetological diversity of Costa Rica is astonishing, and even in a week, we were able to see an enormous variety of reptiles and amphibians,” says Prof. Losos. “Students had varying opinions about what constituted the highlight, but the nesting sea turtles seem to have made a deep impression on many, and most loved the arboreal herpetological prospecting by zipline.” Birding in Panama This experience introduced 12 students of OEB 190: Biology and Diversity of Birds to the Connie Lee rich diversity of Neotropical birds, improved their abilities to locate and identify birds in the field and exposed them to a new array of habitats and a different culture. Professor Scott V. Edwards was assisted by two teaching fellows—Dr. Frank Rheindt and Maude Baldwin a Panamanian expert bird guide. Rheindt and Euclides Campos, and Campos showed the group an incredible number of species—more than 200—over the course of the trip. Days typically began with the pre-sunrise “dawn chorus” when bird activity is highest. Students continued birding throughout the day, experiencing the Canal Zone rainforest, mid- and high-elevation cloudforest, savannah and coastal wetlands. During periods of lower bird activity, the class toured research facilities; observed and assisted in mist-netting, the primary method of catching birds in ornithological research; and visited nearby towns. Species sighted included the spectacular Resplendent Queztal, a large bird with a metallic green back and extremely long tail streamers; antbirds; toucans; hummingbirds; and the Three-wattled Bellbird. The students were treated to a rare occurrence in field research when they were able to observe the Bellbirds courting and mating in the wild. “Witnessing the diversity of the Neotropics is an eye-opening experience for many biologists,” says Maude Baldwin. “Viewing the region’s diversity through the lens of its avifauna, under the guidance of some of the most knowledgeable people in the world on Panamanian birds, was an incredible experience for the students and teaching staff alike.” Collecting Invertebrates in Panama The goal for OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals was to show the 14 students the sheer abundance and diversity of invertebrate animals in the wild and how these animals function and behave in their natural settings. Professor Gonzalo Giribet and Associate Professor Cassandra G. Extavour led the trip, assisted by two teaching fellows, Ben Ewen-Campen and Gisele Kawauchi. Each day, the group traveled by boat to a variety of habitats that included coral reefs, mangroves, muddy sediment, sandy-bottom habitats and rock walls. Students, equipped with full-body wetsuits and snorkels, experienced a dizzying array of animal life in marine habitats covered in live sponges, corals, brittle stars, sea urchins and other species too numerous to mention. Students were initially introduced to the most abundant and charismatic of the marine invertebrates—enormous sea stars, brightly colored sea anemones and coral reef species— and then tried to identify as many organisms as possible from different invertebrate phyla, including the small and the difficult-to-classify. During the week they spent hours collecting live animals to examine at the well-equipped laboratory facilities at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Bocas del Toro. Students especially liked the incredible out- ofthis-world plankton creatures, consisting largely of larval forms of many animals that look nothing like the final forms of the adults. “Observing invertebrate phyla in their natural habitat revealed behavior, distribution and beauty in a way that a fact sheet never could,” says Inanna Carter, Class of 2014. “Being out in the field gave us passion and energy for dissecting specimens in the lab and learning about them in the classroom. Our enthusiasm followed us back to Harvard, and even spread to my other classes and experience of Harvard as a whole.” Sere ANNUAL Report 2011-2012 = Gonzalo Giribet Gonzalo Giribet Glenna Clifton Ss) MCZ FACULTY-CURATORS Scott V. Edwards Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Curator of Ornithology Prof. Edwards’ research focuses on the evolutionary biology of birds and relatives, combining field, museum and genomics approaches to understand the basis of avian diversity, evolution and behavior. The guiding principles of his lab’s research include population genetics, systematics and field observations of diversity and behavior. His research emphasizes applying the methods of genomics to understand the history of populations, species and larger evolutionary groups of birds. In recent years several members of his lab have conducted genomic studies of reptiles to find clues to what the ancestral avian genome may have looked like. A major ongoing project focuses on the evolutionary consequences of a new host-pathogen association brought about in 1994, when a bacterial pathogen, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, switched avian hosts from poultry to House Finches, a common North American songbird. Edwards has also helped develop new analytical approaches to estimating phylogenetic trees, an important exploratory tool and framework for hypothesis testing in evolutionary biology. Prof. Edwards has conducted fieldwork throughout Australia and North America and has worked extensively in seabird colonies in Hawaii and Nova Scotia. He strives to create a new cadre of scientists who are comfortable both in the field as well as using cutting-edge genomic technologies that are transforming evolutionary biology. Edwards is actively engaged in several efforts to enhance the diversity of the scientific workforce, both in and outside of Harvard. Andrew A. Biewener Charles P- Lyman Professor of Biology Director, Concord Field Station Prof. Biewener’s research focuses on understanding the biomechanics, neuromuscular control and energetics of animal movement on land and in the air. His goal is to understand general principles that govern the biomechanical and physiological design of vertebrate animals related to their movement in natural environments. Brian D. Farrell Professor of Biology Curator of Entomology Prof. Farrell’s research is broadly concerned with whether the diversity of species on Earth is a cause or consequence of the diverse roles different species play in ecosystems, particularly interactions between insects and plants. The Farrell lab serves as a base for the Beetle Tree of Life project, a collaborative and comprehensive phylogenetic study of this most diverse group of animals. Stu Rosner Rick Friedman Gonzalo Giribet Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Curator of Invertebrate Zoology Prof. Giribet’s primary research focuses on the evolution, systematics and biogeography of invertebrate animals. Current projects in the Giribet lab include multidisciplinary studies for Assembling the Bivalve Tree of Life, the diversity of Neotropical arachnids, and systematics and biogeography of arthropods, mollusks, sponges, sipunculans, platyhelminthes and onychophorans. He is also interested in philosophical aspects of DNA sequence data analysis, emphasizing homology-related issues. Hopi E. Hoekstra Professor of Organismic and Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Curator of Mammalogy Prof. Hoekstra combines field and laboratory work to understand the evolution of mammalian diversity from morphology to behavior. Her research focuses on the genetic basis of adaptive variation—identifying both the ultimate causes and the proximate mechanisms responsible for traits that help organisms survive and reproduce in the wild. Research in the Hoekstra lab integrates ecological, behavioral, genetic and molecular approaches. Evolutionary Biology James Hanken Professor of Biology Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Curator of Herpetology MCZ Director Prof. Hanken utilizes laboratory- based analyses and field surveys to examine morphological evolution, developmental biology and systematics. Current areas of research include the evolution of craniofacial patterning, the developmental basis of morphological novelty, biodiversity informatics, and systematics and evolution of neotropical and Asian salamanders and frogs. Prof. Hanken also serves on the Steering Committee of the Encyclopedia of Life (eol.org). Farish A. Jenkins, Jr. Professor of Biology Harvard College Professor Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology Prof. Jenkins’ research interests are broadly in the area of vertebrate evolution, focusing on comparative anatomy of fossil and recent vertebrates and the evolutionary pathways of structural and functional development. Prof. Jenkins maintains active field research in vertebrate paleontology and, in 2006, was part of an expedition that discovered Tiktaalik roseae, the missing link between fish and land animals, in the Canadian Arctic. George V. Lauder Professor of Biology Henry Bryant Bigelow Professor of Ichthyology Curator of Ichthyology Prof. Lauder’s research examines the structure, function and evolution of vertebrates, particularly fishes and amphibians. His current studies focus on the development of robotic models for understanding the functional and evolutionary diversity of fishes. Additional interests include biological fluid mechanics, theoretical approaches to the analysis of form and function in > = = = = organisms, and the history and philosophy of morphology and physiology. 9 Sarr NNUAL Report 2011-201 sian Jonathan B. Losos Monique and Philip Lehner Professor for the Study of Latin America Curator of Herpetology Prof. Losos’ research focuses on the behavioral and evolutionary ecology of lizards, specifically how lizards interact with their environment and how lizard clades have diversified evolutionarily. Addressing such questions requires integration of behavioral, ecological, functional morphological and phylogenetic studies. His research, with an emphasis on Anolis lizards in the Caribbean Islands, combines field observations, laboratory studies of lizard physiology and DNA, and field experiments to study evolutionary changes in nature. Prof. Losos has spent decades conducting fieldwork that charts the evolution of multiple species of lizards in real time. By conducting rigorous biological and behavioral analyses of animals on small isolated islands, Losos has produced detailed empirical scientific evidence documenting how evolution occurs in natural populations. His research has demonstrated rapid changes based on introduced predators, altered competition and even hurricanes, proving that evolution can occur very rapidly and evolutionary biology can, in fact, be an experimental science. The Losos laboratory consists of six postdoctoral researchers, seven graduate students and four undergraduates, as well as a number of visiting foreign graduate students. The lab employs approaches across the disciplines of systematics, ecology, behavior, genetics and functional morphology, taking both observational and experimental approaches in the field and in the laboratory. A major focus has been the evolutionary radiation of Caribbean Anolis lizards, but increasingly the focus of the lab is turning toward the evolution of mainland anoles, as well as other lizard radiations. Naomi E. Pierce Sidney A. and John Hessel Professor of Biology Curator of Entomology Prof. Pierce is interested in behavioral ecology and the evolution of cooperation between species. Research in her lab focuses primarily on symbiosis between social insects and other organisms. Current interests include how the gut microbe has influenced the ecology and evolution of ants, how genes and the environment interact in the evolution of social behavior and pollination biology of bees, and how complex interactions between ants, plants, endophytic fungi and bacteria affect the evolution of mutualism in tropical ant-plant systems. () — a ncoin Jon Chase James J. McCarthy Professor of Biological Oceanography Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanography Acting Curator of Malacology Prof. McCarthy’s research focuses on factors that regulate the processes of primary production and nutrient supply in the ocean. Through controlled laboratory studies and field investigations, Prof. McCarthy and his group examine the effects of strong seasonal or interannual climate change on marine life and biogeochemical systems. Robert M. Woollacott Professor of Biology Curator of Marine Invertebrates Prof. Woollacott’s research focuses on aspects of marine invertebrate life history, such as synchronization of reproductive events and ecology and physiology of larvae. Fopics of particular interest include larval dispersal and population connectivity, as well as human impacts on the distribution of marine organisms. Jean-Francois Bertrand MCZ EmeritTI Kenneth J. Boss Faculty-Curator, Emeritus Professor of Biology, Emeritus Prof. Boss, former Curator of Malacology, has been with Harvard for 40 years. His research focus is the classification, systematics and evolution of mollusks, using data from shell morphology, anatomy and zoogeography to analyze the phylogenetic relationships within various groups of gastropods and bivalves. He has also published on the history of malacology. Prof. Boss has contributed extensively to the Occasional Papers on Mollusks and formerly served as editor for Breviora and the Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Richard C. Lewontin Professor of Biology, Emeritus Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus An evolutionary geneticist, Prof. Lewontin pioneered the field of molecular population genetics by merging molecular biology and evolutionary theory, as well as the philosophical and social implications of genetics and evolutionary theory. Prof. Lewontin’s current research involves computer simulation and evaluation of statistical tests for selection. Among his many books are The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change, Biology as Ideology: The Doctrine of DNA; Human Diversity; and The Triple Helix: Gene Organism and Environment. He served as President of the Society for the Study of Evolution, the American Society of Naturalists and the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. Edward O. Wilson named species. the Encyclopedia of Life A. W. “Fuzz” Crompton Faculty-Curator, Emeritus Fisher Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Prof. Crompton, former Curator of Mammalogy, was the Director of the MCZ from 1970 to 1982 and the former Director of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, and the South African Museum, Capetown. His primary research interests are the origin and evolution of mammals, functional anatomy, neural control and evolution of feeding in recent and fossil vertebrates. Prof. Crompton is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He received two Guggenheim fellowships for his research on vertebrate paleontology and functional morphology and in 2011 received the Romer-Simpson Medal from the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Herbert W. Levi Faculty-Curator, Ementus Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus A former Curator of Arachnology, Prof. Levi's research focuses on the taxonomy of New World orb weaving araneid spider genera. The author of Spiders and Their Kin, as well as numerous articles on various spider genera, his research has made possible identification of 1,500 species in 66 genera in the Americas. Prof. Levi served as president of the International Society of Arachnology and, in 2007, won the ISA’s Eugene Simon Award for lifetime achievement for his immense influence on spider research. Honorary Curator in Entomology Pellegrino University Professor, Emeritus Prof. Wilson is considered the founder of sociobiology and evolutionary psychology and has developed the basis of modern biodiversity conservation. He has received many of the world’s leading prizes in recognition of his research and environmental activism. He was awarded two Pulitzer Prizes for his books The Ants (1990, with Bert Hélldobler) and On Human Nature (1978). In 2007, Prof. Wilson received the Technology, Entertainment, Design (TED) Prize, where he articulated the concept of a contemporary, dynamic Web page for every Sree “ANNUAL Report 2011-2012 rs Justin Ide Courtesy of the Ernst Mayr Library ~I Gonzalo Ginibet OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals Mi CourRSES IN 2011—2012 LED By MCZ FAcuttTy-CURATORS Organismic and Evolutionary Biology OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals (undergraduate ) Gonzalo Ginibet (and Cassandra G. Extavour) Introduction to invertebrate diversity, with special emphasis on the broad diversity of animal forms, their adaptations to different ecosystems and how these phenomena shape animal evolution. OEB 53: Evolutionary Biology (undergraduate ) Hopi E. Hoekstra (and Andrew J. Berry) Micro- and macro-evolution, ranging from population genetics through molecular evolution to the grand patterns of the fossil record. OEB 57: Animal Behavior (undergraduate ) Naomi E. Pierce (and Bence P. Olveczky) A review of the behavior of animals under natural conditions, with emphasis on both mechanistic and evolutionary approaches. OEB 118: Biological Oceanography (undergraduate and graduate) James J. McCarthy Examines the ocean as an ecological system, with focus on environmental-organismal interactions that regulate plankton production and transfer to higher trophic levels. OEB 121a: Research in Comparative Biomechanics (undergraduate and graduate) Andrew A. Biewener, George V. Lauder (and Daniel E. Lieberman, Stacey A. Combes) Introduction to experimental techniques used to investigate the structure and physiology of vertebrates, where each instructor offers research projects that are undertaken in their laboratory. OEB 121b: Research in Comparative Biomechanics (undergraduate and graduate) Andrew A. Biewener, George V. Lauder (and Daniel E. Lieberman, Stacey A. Combes) Optional extension of initial project undertaken in OEB 121a into a thesis research project. OEB 141: Biogeography (undergraduate and graduate ) Gonzalo Giribet Biogeography aims to explain distributions of organisms through historical and ecological factors. This course focuses on the history of biogeographic research, developments in the area of historical biogeography, and ecological processes that affect distributions of whole clades. OEB 150: Vertebrate Evolution and Development (undergraduate and graduate) Farish A. Jenkins, Jr. (and Arkhat Abzhonov) A survey of the evolution and development of major groups of vertebrates, integrating the paleontological record of their origin with current understanding of the genetic, cellular and developmental mechanisms that underlie these transformations. OEB 155r: Biology of Insects (undergraduate and graduate ) Naomi E. Pierce (and Michael R. Canfield) Introduction to the major groups of insects— life history, morphology, physiology and ecology—through a combination of lecture, lab and field exercises. OEB 167: Herpetology (undergraduate and graduate ) James Hanken and Jonathan Losos Introduction to the biology of amphibians and reptiles. Lectures and laboratories examine the morphology, systematics, natural history, behavior, ecology, evolutionary relationships and biogeography of all major taxa. OEB 173: Comparative Biomechanics (undergraduate and graduate ) Andrew A. Biewener (and Jacques Dumais) An exploration of how animals and plants contend with their physical environment, considering their biomaterial properties, structural form and mechanical interactions with the environment. OEB 190: Biology and Diversity of Birds (undergraduate and graduate ) Scott V. Edwards Introduction to the biology of birds, covering fossil record and theories for avian origins, physiology and anatomy, speciation processes, nesting and courtship behavior, vocalizations, breeding, demography and conservation. OEB 275r: Phylogeography and Geographic Variation in the Era of Genomics (graduate) Scott V. Edwards Explores the ways in which comparative genomics can inform phylogeny and Amanda Lu genomic adaptation, surveying recent methods for harnessing thousands of loci for phylogenetic reconstruction. OEB 296: Conservation History, Values and Law (graduate) Jonathan Losos (and David R. Foster) Examines the history of the conservation / preservationist movements, focusing on how various constituencies value nature, and the legal system for protecting nature. Graduate Courses of OEB 341: Coevolution Reading and Research Brian D. Farrell OEB 307: Biomechanics, Physiology and OEB 345: Biological Musculoskeletal Biology Oceanography Andrew A. Biewener James J. McCarthy OEB 310: Metazoan Systematics OEB 355: Evolutionary Gonzalo Giribet Developmental Biology : . ‘ James Hanken OEB 320: Biomechanics and Evolution of Vertebrates OEB 362: Research in Molecular George V. Lauder Evolution Scott V. Edwards OEB 323: Advanced Vertebrate Anatomy Farish A. Jenkins, Jr: OEB 367: Evolutionary and Ecological Diversity OEB 325: Marine Biology Jonathan Losos Robert M. Woollacott OEB 370: Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics OEB 334: Behavioral Ecology Hopi E. Hoekstra Naomi E. Pierce See ANNU AI Report 2011-2012 8) aware Freshman Seminar 31v: The Beasts of Antiquity and Their Natural History 10 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVI ZOOLOGY Freshman Seminar FRSEMR 3lv: The Beasts of Antiquity and Their Natural History Farish A. Jenkins, Jr. (and Kathleen M. Coleman) A study of the animals of the ancient Mediterranean Basin, offering parallel introductions to the classics and organismal and evolutionary biology. Includes firsthand study of specimens in the MCZ and coins and artifacts from Harvard’s collection of antiques. Life Sciences LIFESCI 1b: An Integrated Introduction to the Life Sciences: Genetics, Genomics and Evolution (undergraduate ) Hopi E. Hoekstra (and Maryellen Ruvolo, Andrew J. Berry) This course uses an integrated approach to show how genetics and evolution are intimately related, together explaining the patterns of genetic variation we see in nature, and how genomics can be used to analyze variation. LIFESCI 2: Evolutionary Human Physiology and Anatomy (undergraduate ) George V. Lauder (and Peter T: Ellison, Daniel E. Lieberman) Explores human anatomy and physiology from an integrated framework, combining functional, comparative and evolutionary perspectives on how organisms work. General Education Science of Living Systems 18: Evolutionary Biology: Sex, Survival and the Orgy of Species (undergraduate ) Jonathan Losos Examines theories of how evolution occurs, including runaway sexual selection, sperm competition, adaptive radiation, disruptive selection, sympatric speciation and host- parasite interactions. Connie Lee Science of Living Systems 22: Human Influence on Life in the Sea (undergraduate ) Robert M. Woollacott and James ]. McCarthy Over-harvested fish stocks, pollution and anthropogenic climate change affect the stability and productivity of marine ecosystems. This course asks what we need to know about the causes and effects of anthropogenic change to best protect marine ecosystems and ensure sustainable harvests from the sea. Harvard Extension School and Harvard Summer School BIOS S-74: Marine Life and Ecosystems of the Sea Robert M. Woollacott The life history and adaptations of marine life and the ecosystems of the sea, with emphasis on understanding the fragility and resilience of marine systems in the face of anthropogenically driven perturbations. BIOL S-113: Study Abroad at Oxford: Darwin and Contemporary Evolutionary Biology Naomi E. Pierce (and Andrew Berry) The history of evolutionary biology in the post-Darwinian world, following strands of thought either introduced or ignored by Darwin in On the Ongin of Species through to the present. OEB 155r: Biology of Insects ae ANNI Report 2011-2012 <= Scott Kdwards 1] Jeremiah Trimble 12 COLLECTIONS \/lison Shultz removing a Eurasian Magpie (Pica pica) from a net Mi SIGNIFICANT ACQUISITIONS AND UPGRADES ENHANCE MCZ COLLECTIONS The past year has brought important enhancements to the MCZ collection through expeditions, private donations and curatorial upgrades. MCZ Expedition Collects Mongolian Birds Despite some holdings in U.S. museums and older specimens in Russia, Mongolian birds are otherwise poorly represented in the world’s museum collections, especially modern, data- rich specimens. In June 2012 Scott V. Edwards and colleagues traveled to Mongolia to improve the global collection of high-quality voucher specimens of Mongolian birds. The expedition was funded by a Putnam Expedition Grant and the MCZ’s Blake Fund. Edwards—Curator of Ornithology, Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology—was accompanied by graduate student Allison Shultz, Edwards lab postdoctoral fellow Niclas Backstrom and Curatorial Associate Jeremiah Trimble. The team was hosted by leading Mongolian ornithologist and conservationist Sundev Gomboobaatar from the National University of Mongolia, his students and staff. Three weeks were spent collecting specimens in the drier foothill steppe near the capital Ulaanbaatar (such as around Hustai National Park), taiga forest near ‘Terelj National Park to the north, thickets and riverbanks of the Onon River Valley, in the hills around Binder Sum and the vast steppes of the far eastern regions. The group collected about 150 specimens, meticulously preparing tissue samples and voucher specimens that will inhabit MCZ trays in the collection. Some of the most exciting and colorful were Bearded Reedlings (Panurus harmacus) from the far east; Siberian Rubythroats (Lusama calliope); urasian Wrynecks (fynx tonquilla), a primitive type of woodpecker found sEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY only in the Old World; and Eurasian Three-toed Woodpeckers (Picodes tridactylus). As a general collection the Mongolian vouchers, tissues and spread wings will be available for use by researchers worldwide. The specimen data will be deposited in the museum’s database, MCZbase, and will eventually be accompanied by digital photographs of habitats, photos of live birds and field notes. These collections are important for future studies in phylogeography, which focuses on geographic variation within species. Scott V. Edwards “Specimens are like a snapshot of the environment, and given the diverse chemical, morphological and genetic uses to which specimens today can be put, I have no doubt they will attract further interest in the ornithology collection here,” says Edwards. According to Trimble, the department has already received a request for high-quality tissue samples from some of the specimens from a researcher studying plumage coloration, Institutions like the MCZ have a role to play in supporting continuing education and infrastructure building in countries with substantial biodiversity, and the work helped establish ties to Mongolian scientists and students. Jeremiah Trimble Malacology Collection Receives Important Donations This year, the MCZ’s collection of 10 million shells was supplemented by just over 10,000 mollusk lots given to the Department of Malacology by Owen Gingerich, Domenick Nicolaci, Gonzalo Giribet and the family of Joseph George Claud-Mantle. The Joseph George Claud-Mantle Collection was received in June 2011. It contains 5,200 shells representing almost 4,000 species acquired between 1880 and 1930, including the ultimate rare and valuable seashell, a sinistral sacred chank shell (Turbinella pyrum) from India. In 2008, Claud-Mantle’s great-granddaughter Laura Ferrera and her cousins Deborah Lasnier and Cindy Arendt began the four-year project to clean and document the collection, taking inventory using their great-grandfather’s original logbooks and creating an electronic database and online photo gallery of the shells. According to Adam J. Baldinger, Curatorial Associate of Malacology, “It isn’t unusual to receive collections from private collectors, but I have rarely seen a collection that was so diligently catalogued. The collection’s true value is scientific and lies in the precise way Claud-Mantle recorded data about each of his shells.” The extremely rare sinistral, or left-handed chank, is revered as a religious object in Hindu temples, and it has been estimated that there are only three specimens in North America. In January 2012 a previously unknown specimen was discovered in the Claud-Mantle collection, and it became the subject of a paper by Baldinger and Edward Nieburger in American Conchologist. Additionally 1,117 specimen lots were received from Domenick Nicolaci from North Dartmouth, Massachusetts. The collection contains specimens collected from around the world and includes the rare golden form of the cowrie Zoila friendii from Australia and a rather large specimen of the volute Cymbiola (Cymbiolacea) thatchen from northeast Australia. Owen Gingerich, former Research Professor of Astronomy and the History of Science at Harvard University, is an amateur shell collector and longtime member of the Boston Malacology Club. His shell collection contains many unique specimens, including several listed in Guinness World Records. Gingerich began donating parts of his collection to the MCZ in 2009, and in 2011, the MCZ received 773 specimens representing 23 different families. From 2010 to 2012 Gonzalo Giribet, Curator of Invertebrate Zoology and Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, donated his collection of 3,041 specimen lots. The collection’s emphasis is on the Mediterranean region and nearby Atlantic, but also includes specimens from other oceans and continents around the world. This collection was amassed during more than 30 years, and unlike many other private collections, a large portion of specimens were micro-mollusks, many collected directly by Giribet during zoological and ecological surveys in the northwest Mediterranean. The donation fills an important geographical gap in the MCZ collections. Sinistral sacred chank shell Descendants of Joseph George Claud- Mantle visiting his collection in the MCZ’s malacology department. From left: Vivian Lasnier, Cindy Arendt, Deborah Lasnier, Gloria Lasnier and Laura Ferrera So ANNUAL Report 2011-2012 —— = Adam Baldinger 13 Penny Benson (right) and Beryl L upton Andrew Williston Otolith Collection Enhancements Over the years the MCZ has received more than 800,000 fishes from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution cruises. Jim Craddock, a former MCZ associate, removed the otoliths—ear bones—from many of those specimens to use in the study of the food habits of marine mammals. After his death in 2009, his wife Thelma Fenster donated 3,000 sets of fish otoliths from about 450 Crinoid Collection Upgrades The recent work of Curatorial Assistant Penny Benson and temporary employee Beryl Lipton has brought specific parts of the MCZ Department of Marine Invertebrates collection up to and beyond modern day best-practice standards. This past year the curatorial upgrades were focused on the crinoid (sea lily and feather star) and holothuroid (sea cucumber) collections and included confirmation of specimen collection data, taxonomy and type status utilizing MCZbase, and rehousing specimens into new jars and trays along with updated archival labels. “The history, species diversity and number of types represented within the MCZ crinoid and holothuroid collections are truly amazing. And now with collection data ig. available electronically, interest and use of the collection has definitely increased,” says Curatorial Associate Adam J. Baldinger. individual species, many from voucher specimens already housed at the MCZ. The collection has been completely inventoried and organized, and Curatorial Assistant Andrew Williston is entering collection data, including the original locality data, into MCZbase. Ichthyology intern Rex Passion completed the collection inventory and collection data review. “Otoliths are a valuable resource in defining fish species and studying fish ecology,” says Williston. “Growth rings in otoliths can be studied for aging individual fish. They can be used to identify fish remains in the stomach contents of marine predators like dolphins, and fish diets can be studied using stable isotope analysis of otoliths. And since otoliths are often fossilized, they can be compared to modern otoliths to better understand the diversity of fossil fishes.” Breda Zimkus The new MCZ Cryogenic Collection includes a preparation laboratory and adjoining freezer room where genetic samples will be barcoded and stored in one of three liquid nitrogen cryovats, each accommodating 40,000 samples. Victoria Wilke MCZ RESEARCH MAKING HEADLINES Observing Evolution in Action Rowan Barrett is conducting a grand experiment on Nebraska’s sand dunes, involving thousands of feet of galvanized steel sheets, hundreds of live mice, natural aerial predators and a cadre of researchers wielding traditional and genetic tools—all to examine the real-time effects of evolution in nature. Peromyscus maniculatus, or deer mice, have light fur that blends in with the sand when they live on the dunes. The same mice living in the darker prairie soil have correspondingly dark coats. The assumption is that the lighter pigmentation of the mice in the Sand Hills is an adaptation that evolved to provide camouflage from predators such as hawks and owls, thereby increasing their “fitness”— or ability to survive and reproduce—in a textbook example of natural selection. The question is whether or not this explanation—however plausible—is accurate. To test this theory, Barrett, mentor Hopi E. Hoekstra and members of the Hoekstra lab, including several undergraduates, are examining the mutations that arise in a group of wild mice, how they affect physical appearance and how that gives certain individuals a better chance at reproducing. The multi-year experiment involves eight enclosures, 150-foot square, four constructed on dark soil and four on sand dunes. The enclosures—each stocked with around a hundred mice, half with dark and half with light coats otherwise natural mouse habitats are subject to predation. To track each individual’s survival and reproductive success, every mouse is photographed and its coat color measured with a spectrophotometer, then visually tagged and radio chipped, and finally genetically sampled by the researchers. Every six weeks traps will be laid in the pens to check the frequencies of genetic variants and monitor changes. This data will help the researchers understand how genes are linked to physical appearance, and how both are linked to fitness and how quickly evolution occurs under these conditions. A review of the study design was published in Nature Reviews Genetics. Barrett RDH, Hoekstra HE (2011) Molecular spandrels: tests of adaptation at the genetic level. Nat Rev Genet 12:767-780. And the Gold Goes to... Speedos, Silicone or Shark Skins? Biomimetics refers to employing inspiration from biological systems to help design or improve human-made materials and machines. One such inspiration comes from the skin of sharks, whose tiny toothlike denticles have long been suspected of improving the animals’ swimming speed and efficiency. To test this hypothesis—and to evaluate purported shark skin-like materials for boats, aircraft and racing swimwear George V. Lauder and Johannes Oeffner conducted a series of experiments using a robotic flapping foil device, high-speed lasers and minute particles in the water to measure any increase in self-propelled swimming speed due to the drag-reducing properties of the surface texture. The results, reported in The Journal of Experimental Biology, found that skins from fast-swimming mako and porbeagle sharks increased swimming speed by 12.3%. Silicone riblet material, created to reduce drag on sailboats and improve the fuel consumption of airplanes, was found to be 7.2% more efficient than smooth-surfaced silicone. But the “shark skin-like” Speedo® Fastskin I material generated no increase in speed when compared to that of a regular swimsuit. However, Lauder pointed out that other factors related to this type of racing suit—such as the tight construction leading to a streamlined profile, improved circulation and posture—most likely contribute to faster swimming speed in humans. Oeffner J, Lauder GV (2012) The hydrodynamic function of shark skin and two biomimetic applications. J Exp Biol 215:785-795. Sarre NNUAL Report 2011-2012 mo Rowan Barrett Rowan Barrett Ibe: Genetic Analysis Resolves the Evolutionary Relationships of Mollusks Mollusks—snails, octopuses, clams The researchers found, somewhat and their relatives—are some of the surprisingly, that bivalves, such as clams 3 most numerous and best studied of all and oysters, are most closely related % animal groups. However, ill-defined to gastropods like limpets, snails and 3 relationships among the diverse slugs. They also determined that $ mollusk species have stymied the search monoplacophorans, an ancient group of for answers to many evolutionary mollusks thought to be extinct for hundreds questions, such as whether shell- of millions of years until their rediscovery in less mollusks diverged before the the early 1950s, are most closely related to development of their shelled brethren, cephalopods like the chambered Nautilus, or if they originally had shells but lost octopus and squid. them later in their evolution. F , } ; Understanding the phylogeny of an animal is = Results of advanced and extensive a critical first step in establishing homology S genetic analysis—and completion among its morphological characters and of the most comprehensive determining how it developed and evolved evolutionary tree for Mollusca to over millions of years. The research also date—were reported by Gonzalo serves as proof-of-concept, demonstrating Giribet and colleagues in Nature. how genomic techniques can be successfully a employed to answer difficult and elusive The team sequenced nearly every f : ne / evolutionary questions even when using non- gene in dozens of mollusk species Rts a model organisms. before selecting 1,800 genes to be compared across them, Smith S, Wilson NG, Goetz F, Feehery C, Andrade thus reconstructing the mollusk SCS, Rouse GW, Giribet G, Dunn CW (2011) Resolving phylogeny or how all mollusk species the evolutionary relationships of molluscs with 5 )? £ ; » F phylogenomic tools. Nature 480:364-367. are related evolutionarily. Pigeon Flight Resembles That of Helicopters and Hummingbirds To avoid obstacles, chase prey or evade predators, the ability of an animal to turn is of the utmost importance. Turning consists of changes in the path of travel and body orientation. For birds and other flying animals, this is achieved by modulating aerodynamic forces relative to gravity. Understanding how birds coordinate aerodynamic force production relative to their body position is the subject of research conducted by Ivo G. Ros and Andrew A. Biewener. Ros and Biewener constructed a netted hallway containing a 90-degree turn and trained pigeons (Columba livia) to fly between perches on either end. The pigeons’ bodies were marked in 16 places, and high-speed synchronized cameras were used to measure net aerodynamic force and changes in body orientation as the birds flew and executed the turn at slow speeds. Surprisingly, the pigeon’s upstroke generated aerodynamic forces that were approximately 50% of those generated during the downstroke, nearly matching that of hummingbirds. They found that the pigeons used body rotations to change flight paths and continued to flap their wings as if they were flying straight ahead, analogous to helicopters and many flying insects. The findings were reported in Proceedings of the National \cademy of Sciences of the USA. Ros IG, Bassman LC, Badger MA, Pierson AN, Biewener AA (2011) Pigeons steer like helicopters and generate down and upstroke lift during low speed turns, P Natl Acad Set USA 108:19990—19995 Fulbright Scholar Brian Farrell a 200-volume library of references for entomology/botany and evolution biogeography and ecology. He hosted workshops in bioacoustics and bee systematics, and coauthored a biology textbook that draws on many examples and case studies from Hispaniola. BREMsne Farrell and Bastardo also inaugurated a new phase in the joint digital imaging Ruth Bastardo program, a collaborative project to inventory insects in From July 2011 to July 2012, Brian Farrell was the National Botanical Garden. in the Dominican Republic as a Fulbright The program is modeled Scholar to the Universidad Autonoma de after the effort with the MCZ Santo Domingo. Founded in 1538, it was the entomology type specimens first university in the western hemisphere. and the Boston Harbor Islands in which students are trained Together with MCZ Associate Prof. Ruth fen naa by former students. Bastardo, Farrell established a USsstyle WASD students Gandy Pac and learning laboratory where Dominican “This kind of cultural and scientific America Sanchez enter data for insect and visiting American undergraduates can exchange, connecting small museums specimens. At left: Brian Farrell and work with natural history collections. They and universities with larger ones, is the PULA SECA TAH ESTES TN expanded the scope of lab-based activities future of natural history collections, as so that there are now five students digitizing well as education in biology,” says Farrell. and curating their collections alongside their “Everyone benefits.” thesis work on topics ranging from fungi to Se Fl , a Farrell’s efforts were funded by the US bioacoustics. é ; J Fulbright Scholars Program, the David Farrell curated two cabinets of MCZ Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies specimens housed at UASD that he at Harvard, the National Science Foundation collected in earlier years and established and the US Embassy in Santo Domingo. MCZ History: Alfred Russel Wallace Among Louis and Alexander Agassiz’s many important contributions to the world of natural history museums was the idea of designing public exhibits according to biogeography—clustering species from the collections based on where they occur naturally. This novel idea was immediately appreciated by 19th-century English explorer and naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace, who visited the MCZ and wrote about it in his book American Museums (1887): “The most cursory inspection ... will teach the visitor a lesson in natural history that he will not learn by a dozen visits to our great national storehouse at South Kensington—the lesson that each continent has its peculiar forms of life, and that the greatest similarity in geographical position and climate may be accompanied by a complete diversity in the animal inhabitants.” “Professor Agassiz intended his museum ... ‘to illustrate the history of creation, as far as the present state of scientific knowledge reveals that history.’ It is surely an anomaly that the naturalist who was most opposed to the theory of evolution should be the first to arrange his museum in such a — way as best to illustrate that theory ....” MCZ exhibition of South American fauna, 1892 9012 Sere ANNUAL Report 2011- Brian Farrell ~I opedsa of Lite ™ Explore, Create, Play! Mi I ‘ : — > Education Tools + Apps FIELD GUIDES* Ecosystem Explorer {OF COMP R ZOOLOGY PROJECTS & INITIATIVES In May 2012, EOL (eol.org) reached the milestone of one million species pages, just over half of the 1.9 million recognized species on Earth. The EOL Learning + Education Group (education.eol.org), headquartered at the MCZ, is charged with developing tools to facilitate the use of EOL data and to develop innovative ways that EOL can be integrated into biodiversity learning. Updated Educational Tools EOL Learning + Education Group released a major update to its Nace lcadlegs yor occa education tools eee and applications (fieldguides.eol.org) with the redesigned Field Guide tool, the new Ecosystem Explorer (beta), and the new Bingo Game generator, all using the EOL collections. The EOL Field Guide tool organizes EOL with this interactive species information by creating customized guides for individual projects or interests. Ecosystem Explorer allows anyone to build and explore ecosystems of species through an interactive graphing tool. Middle and high school students can build an “ecosystem” by providing a list of taxa and then defining the interactions. The Bingo Site is a fun way to interact with an EOL collection, especially for younger audiences, through the creation of an online or print format bingo game of EOL images. EOL Rubenstein Fellow Rosario Casteneda, a postdoctoral fellow in Herpetology and member of the Losos Lab, is a 2012 EOL Rubenstein Fellow. The program supports the research of scientists for up to one year to translate biodiversity research, databases and media into rich, online resources through the Encyclopedia of Life. Casteneda is an evolutionary biologist who integrates data collected in the field, laboratory and museum collections. Her research interests are phylogenetics, population genetics, character evolution, conservation and taxonomy of Anolis lizards. During her fellowship she will create new content, revise and complement previous EOL pages for all species of Anolis lizards. Education Innovation Challenge The EOL Education Innovation Challenge is an international competition that aims to stimulate the development and implementation of educational software tools, services, games and activities involving the Encyclopedia of Life. The Challenge is to use EOL content and services to create an engaging and educational application that will promote global learning activities focused on discovering and understanding the living world. The competition seeks to highlight the most scalable and innovative applications that facilitate learning, participation and sharing of information about biodiversity, ecological relationships and natural history. Google Earth Tours & Podcasts eee «Google A new EOL Collection of Biodiversity on the Move Google Earth Tours uses scientific and geographic data to tell stories about biodiversity and employs videos to make the natural world come alive. education.eol.org/page /eol-google-earth-tours One Species at a Time podcasts are highly engaging five-minute audio pieces that link to content for more than 50 species in EOL. The podcasts are accompanied by a “Meet the Scientist” feature page, multimedia extras, interesting facts, relevant educational materials and calls for listener participation. education.eol.org/ podcast MCZ NEWS Ernst Mayr Library’s Visual Treasures Natural history illustrations are a rich source of knowledge for a broad spectrum of scholars and educators. Aside from their aesthetic qualities, detailed illustrations of plants and animals are critical, even today, for biologists tracing the taxonomic history of an organism or as documentation for lost or discarded specimens. Before the advent of photography, botanical and zoological artists were necessary partners for documentation of scientific expeditions. “For centuries, natural history illustrations provided a window to biodiversity around the world for scientists and the public who could not travel,” says Constance Rinaldo, Librarian of the Ernst Mayr Library. “Thus artwork is integral to a natural history library collection.” Notable recent acquisitions are two framed original prints from Audubon’s Quadrupeds of North America and original hand-colored engravings by Mark Catesby from The Natural History of Carolina Flonda & the Bahama Islands, circa 1754. Dr. George C. Gorman (PhD in Biology, Harvard University *68) donated the prints. To display the Ernst Mayr Library’s historic illustrations, the Library is mounting periodic “flash” exhibits featuring priceless treasures that are not generally available for viewing. These exhibits have showcased ichthyological drawings, engravings and manuscripts from Special Collections such as the watercolors of Jacques Burkhardt from the Thayer Expedition to Brazil (1865-1866) and the works of Andrew Garrett (1823-1887). Another exhibit of original illustrations and rare books for “Save the Frogs Day” featured images from John Edwards Holbrook’s North Amencan Herpetology (1836). And, in the next evolution of natural history illustration, Library staff plan to contribute to a new project centered at the Missouri Botanical Garden, called the “Art of Life.” The results of this project will include new software tools for the automated identification and description of visual resources to “liberate natural history illustrations from the digitized books and journals in the online Biodiversity Heritage Library.” On the photographic front, the Library has begun conservation and documentation of the glass plate negatives of Alexander Agassiz, director of the MCZ from 1873 to 1910 and son of MCZ founder Louis Agassiz. The collection of around 1,000 gelatin dry plates, film negatives and prints dates from the late 1890s to the 1940s. The collection includes images from expeditions by the Albatross, Challenger, Croyden and Yaralla and covers such destinations as Australia, Brazil and Easter Island. This collection, including 200 film negatives, has long been part of the MCZ collections, but the unfamiliar format and limited information associated with the negatives have made documentation challenging. In Spring 2012, thanks to a gift by Roger Fleishmann (Harvard University 56 and Harvard Law School ’59), Robert Young, Special Collections Librarian, and Gwendolyn Fougy Henry, Library Assistant and Archivist, started the year-long process of organizing, arranging, researching, conserving, describing, digitizing and assigning metadata to the negatives. Once digitized, the EML will link the images to publications and specimens in the MCZ collections, making them available online for reference and research. The gift also enabled the purchase of a number of rare books, including a volume of the first edition of De la nature by Jean Baptiste René Robinet from 1761-1766. : PROJECTS & INITIATIVES Catesby’s “Green Lizard of Jamaica” Sorex parvus (Plate LXX) from Audubon’s Quadrupeds of North America i. Ded cemeee ot tase Gwendolyn Fougy Henry Sn NNUAL ReEPorr 2011-2012 Se < Joseph DeVeer IIS, Catherine Weisel Stephanie Mitchell { OF (COMPAR MCZ NEWS: PROJECTS & INITIATIVES Mollusks: Shelled Masters of the Marine Realm The amazing diversity and history of mollusks are explored in a new exhibition curated by Gonzalo Giribet. Mollusks: Shelled Masters of the Marine Realm opened at the Harvard Museum of Natural History on February 18, 2012, and will run through February 2014. Featuring recent discoveries about mollusks’ evolutionary history and ongoing research by Prof. Giribet, colleagues and students in the Giribet laboratory, the exhibition engages the general public in the evolution of mollusks, their ecology and the many ways their lives intersect with ours. Mollusks—snails, clams, squid and other invertebrates—comprise almost a quarter of all known marine species. The exhibition includes hundreds of shells from the collections in the MCZ’s Department of Malacology, selected with the help of Curatorial Associate Adam J. Baldinger. Many of the specimens have never been on public display. The MCZ’s collection, with close to 10 million specimens, is the largest and most diverse private collection The redesigned Fishes exhibition, curated by George V. Lauder, with Karsten Hartel and Andrew Williston of the ichthyology department, opened at the Harvard Museum of Natural History on June 2, 2012. The new gallery features a refurbished space and displays that explain both fish biology and the science being conducted on the topic at Harvard. Fishes combines abundant real specimens with 3-D models, colorful graphic displays and an interactive multimedia station profiling the research of faculty, staff and students in the Laudei laboratory. Exhibition topics include the evolution of fish, TIVE ZOOLOGY we —_ , in the world. Visitors can also see a limited selection of newly restored glass models of an octopus and other mollusks created in the mid to late 19" century by Leopold and Rudolph Blaschka. Prof. Giribet delivered the exhibition’s opening lecture, The Biology and Evolution of Mollusks, on February 16. Renovated Fishes Exhibition Opens the major groups and the ecology of fish and their migratory habits. Many new specimens borrowed from the MCZ’s ichthyology collections—such as an 88-inch-long South American arapaima, the world’s largest freshwater fish— demonstrate the diversity of fishes that inhabit almost every habitat on Earth. Specimens also include longtime visitor favorites like the hammerhead and mako sharks, the massive bluefin tuna and the prickly porcupine fish. The work was done in honor of Karel Liem, Curator of Ichthyology from 1972 to 2009, who is credited for much of the expansion of the MCZ fish collection, which grew from roughly 200,000 specimens in the 1960s to some 1.5 million today. Phe exhibition’s reopening lecture, The Grand Diversity of Fishes: Form, Function and Evolution, was presented on May 31 by Prof. Lauder. Catherine Weisel * Aktipis SH, Boehm E, Giribet G (2011) Another step towards understanding the slitlimpets (Fissurellidae, Fissurelloidea, Vetgastropoda, Gastropoda): a combined five- gene molecular phylogeny. Zool Scr40:238-259 ¢ Alcaide M, Edwards SV (2011) Molecular evolution of the tolHike receptor multigene family in birds. Mol Biol Evol 28:1703-1715 ¢ Alfoldi J, Di Palma F, Fujita MK, Moreno RG, Janes DE, Organ CL, Sanger TJ, Edwards SV, Losos JB, et al (2011) The genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals. Natwe 477:587-591 ¢ Algar, AC, Losos JB (2011) Evolutionary assembly of island faunas reverses the classic island mainland richness difference in Anolis lizards. J Biogeogr 38:1125-1137 AlRashidi M, Kosztolanyi A, Shobrak S, Kipper C, Székely T (2011) Parental cooperation in an extreme hot environment natural behaviour and experimental evidence. Anim Behav 82:235-243 Archetti M, Scheuring I, Hoffman M, Frederickson ME, Pierce NE, Yu DW (2011) Economic game theory for mutualism and cooperation. Ecol Lett 14:1300-1312 e Archetti M, Ubeda F, Fudenberg D, Green J, Pierce NE, Yu DW (2011) Let the nght one in: a microeconomic approach to partner choice in mutualisms. Am Nat 177:75-85 e Arnold AS, Richards CT, Ros IG, Biewener AA (2011) There is always a trade-off between speed and force in a lever system: comment on McHenry (2010). Biol Lett 7:878-879 ¢ Barrett RDH, Hoekstra HE (2011) Molecular spandrels: tests of adaptation at the genetic level. Nat Rev Genet 12:767-780 ¢ Basset Y, Eastwood R, Sam L, Lohman DJ, Novotny V, Treuer T, Miller SE, Weiblen GD, Pierce NE, Bunyavejchewin S, Sakchoowong W, Kongnoo P, Osorio-Arenas MA (2011) Comparison of rainforest butterfly assemblages across three biogeographical regions using standardized protocols. J Res Lejndoptera 44:17-28 ¢ Boiste, R, Herrel A, Lebrun R, Daghfous G, Tafforeau P, Losos JB, Vanhooydonck B (2011) Shake rattle and roll: the bony labynnth and aerial descent in squamates. Integr Comp Biol 51:957-968 * Bonneaud CS, Balenger L, Russell AF, Zhang J, Hill GE, Edwards SV (2011) Rapid evolution of disease resistance is accompanied by functional changes in gene expression in a wild bird. P Nail Acad Sa USA 108:7866-7871 ¢ Brischoux F, Gartner GEA, Garland Jr. T, Bonnet X (2011) Is aquatic life correlated with an increased hematocmit in snakes? PLoS ONE 6:e17077 * Carlson RL, Lauder GV (2011) Escaping the flow: boundary layer use by the darter Etheostoma tetrazonum (Percidae) during benthic station holding. / Exp Biol 214:1181-1193 * Clouse RM, de Bivort BL, Giribet G (2011) Letter to the Editor: Phylogenetic signal in morphomeuic data. Cladistics 27:337-340 * Clouse RM, General DM, Diesmos AC, Giribet G (2011) An old lineage of Cyphophthalmi (Opiliones) discovered on Mindanao highlights the need for biogeographical research in the Philippines. J Arachnol 39:147-153 * Collar DC, Schulte II JA, Losos JB (2011) Evolution of extreme body size disparity in monitor lizards ( Varanus). Evolution 65:2641-2663 MCZ PUBLICATIONS: CALENDAR YEAR 2011 ¢ Crompton AW (2011) Masticatory motor programs in Australian herbivorous mammals. Integr Comp Bio 51:271-281 * Crompton AW, Musinsky C (2011) How dogs lap: ingestion and intraoral transport in Canis familians. Biol Lett 7:882-884 ¢ Culbertson MA, Lewis ZR, Nechiporuk AV (2011) Chondrogenic and gliogenic subpopulations of neural crest play distinct roles during the assembly of epibranchial ganglia. PLoS ONE 6:24443 © Cundiff JD (2011) Working towards standardization: a survey of curation procedures in invertebrate paleontology collections. Collection Forum 25:221 ¢ Curet OM, Patankar NA, Lauder GV, Maclver MA (2011) Aquatic maneuvering with counter-propagating waves: a novel locomouve strategy. J Roy Soc Interface 8:1041-1050 © Curet OM, Patankar NA, Lauder GV, Maclver MA (2011) Mechanical properties of a bioinspired robotic knifefish with an undulatory propulsor. Bioinspir Biomim 6:026004 * Davidson RL, Rykken JJ (2011) Rediscovery of Bemlidion (Lymnaeum) nigropiceum (Marsham) (= puntanum Hayward) in Massachusetts, with remarks on biology and habitat (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini). ZooKeys 147-487A96 ¢ Davidson RL, Rykken JJ, Farrell BD (2011) Carabid beetle diversity and distibuton in Boston Harbor Islands national park area (Coleoptera: Carabidae). ZooKeys 147:497-526 ¢ Edgecombe GD, Giribet G, Dunn CW, Hejnol A, Kristensen RM, Neves RC, Rouse GW, Worsaae K, Sorensen MV (2011) Higherlevel metazoan relationships: recent progress and remaining questions. Org Divers Evol 11:151-172 ¢ Fammang BE, Porter ME (2011) Bioinspiration: applying mechanical design to experimental biology. Integr Comp Biol 51:128-132 ¢ Flammang BE, Ebert DA, Cailliet GM (2011) Intraspecific and interspecific spatial distibution of three eastern North Pacific catshark species and their egg cases (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae). Breviora 521:1-18 ¢ Flammang BE, Lauder GV, Troolin DR. Stand TE (2011) Volumetric imaging of fish locomotion. Biol Lett 7:695-598 ¢ Flammang BE, Lauder GV, Troolin DR, Swand TE (2011) Volumetric imaging of shark tail hydrodynamics reveals a three-dimensional dualing vortex wake structure. P Roy Soc B278:3670-3678 ¢ Fujita M, Edwards SV, Ponting C (2011) The Anolis lizard genome: an amniote genome without isochores. Genome Biol Evol 3:974-984 ¢ Funaro CF, Kronauer DJC, Moreau CS, Goldman-Huertas B, Pierce NE, Russell JA (2011) Army ants harbor a host-specific clade of Entomoplasmatales bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 77:346-350 ¢ Gartner GEA, Hicks JW, Andrade DV, Secor SM, Garland Jr T (2011) Reply to “Heart position in snakes.” Phystol Biochem Zool 84:102-106 ¢ Garwood RJ, Dunlop JA, Giribet G, Sutton MD (2011) Anatomically moder Carboniferous harvestmen demonstrate early cladogenesis and stasis in opiliones. Nature Comm 2:444 ¢ Giribet G (2011) Shearogovea, a new genus of Cyphophthalmi (Arachnida, Opiliones) of uncertain position from Oaxacan caves, Mexico. Breviora 528: 1-7 In the cover story of Saenc, Marie Manceau, Vera Domingues, Ricardo Mallarino, and Hopi E. Hoekstra published “The developmental role of Agout in color pattern evolution.” Gabriel Gartner and colleagues contibuted the cover story “Latitudinal and climatic vanation in body size and dorsal scale counts in Seeloporus lizards: a phylogenetic perspective” to Evolution. are ANNUAL Report 2011-2012 2 1 << 29 MCZ PUBLICATIONS: CALENDAR YEAR 2011 Invertebrate Systematics “The evolutionary and biogeographic history of the armoured harvestmnen— Laniatores phylogeny based on ten molecular markers, with the description of two new families of Opiliones (Arachnida) ” by Prashant Sharma and Gonzalo Giribet was the cover story in Invertebrate Systematics. Smart Materials and Structures Systems from nano- to macroscale George V. Lauder and colleagues contributed the cover story “Bioinspiration from fish for smart material design and function” to Smart Matenals and Structures * Gross JB, Kerney R, Hanken J, Tabin CJ (2011) Molecular anatomy of the developing limb in the coqui frog, Eleutherodactylus coqua. Evol Dev 35:415A26 ¢ Hanken J (2011) Review of M.D. Laublichler and J. Maienschein, eds, Form and Function in Developmental Evolution. Q Rev Biol 86:142-143 ¢ Hedrick TL, Tobalske BW, Ros IG, Warrick DR, Biewener AA (2011) Morphological and kinematic basis of the hummingbird flight stroke: scaling of flight muscle transmission ratio. P Roy Soc B 279:1986-1992 ¢ Herrel A, Cottam MD, Godbeer K, Sanger T, Losos JB (2011) An ecomorphological analysis of native and introduced populations of the endemic lizard Anolis maynardi of the Cayman Islands. Breviora 522:1-10 * Ingram, T (2011) Speciation along a depth gradient in a marine adaptive radiation. P Roy Soc B 278:613-618 ¢ Ingram T, Stutz WE, Bolnick DI (2011) Does intraspecific size variation in a predator affect its diet diversity and top- down control of prey? PLoS ONE 6:e20782 ¢ Janes DE, Chapus C, Gondo Y, Clayton DF, Sinha S, Blatti CA, Organ CL, Fujita MK, Balakrishnan CN, Edwards SV (2011) Reptiles and mammals have differentially retained long conserved non-coding sequences from the amniote ancestor. Genome Biol Evol 3:102-113 ¢ Janes DE, Valenzuela N, Ezaz T, Amemiya C, Edwards SV (2011) Sex chromosome evolution in amniotes: Applications for Bacterial Artificial Chromosome libraries. / Biomed Biotechnol 2011:132975 * Kawauchi GY, Giribet G (2011) On the amphi-Adantic Siphonana pectinata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Siphonanidae): invader from the East or endemic? J Mollus Stud 77:196-201 ¢ Kerney RR, Blackburn DC, Muller H, Hanken J (2011) Do larval traits re-evolve? Evidence from the embryogenesis of a directleveloping salamander, Plethodon cinereus. Evolution 66:252-262 * Kolbe JJ, Revell LJ, Szekely B, Brodie Il ED, Losos JB (2011) Convergent evolution of phenotypic integration and its alignment with morphological diversification in Caribbean Anolis ecomorphs. Evolution 65:3608-3624 * Kosztolanyi A, Barta Z, Kipper C, Szekely T (2011) Persistence of an extreme male-biased adult sex ratio in a natural population of polyandrous bird. / Evol Biol 24:1842- 1846 * Kronauer DJC, O'Donnell S, Boomsma J], Pierce NE (2011) Strict monandry in the ponerine army ant genus Simopelta suggests that colony size and complexity drive mating system evolution in social insects. Mol Ecol 20:420A28 * Kronauer DJC, Pierce NE (2011) Myrmecophiles. Curr Biol 21:208-209 * Kronauer DJC, Boomsma |], Pierce NE (2011) Nine novel microsatellite markers for the army ant Simopelta perganda (subfamily Ponerinae). Cons Gen Res 3:01-63 * Kipper C, Aguilar E, Gonzalez O (2011) Notas sobre la ecologia reproductiva y conservacion de los chorlos nevados Charadrius nivosus ocadentalis en Paracas, Pera. Revista Peruana de Biologia 18:91-96 * Kusumi K, Kulathinal RJ, Abzhanoy A, Boissinot S, Crawford NG, Faircloth BC, Glenn TC, Janes DE, Losos JB, Menke DB, Poe S, Sanger TJ, Schneider C, Stapley J, Wilson- Rawls | (2011) Developing a community-based genetic nomenclature for anole lizards. BMC Genomics 12:1471-2164 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY -_ ee — ¢ Lauder GV (2011) Swimming hydrodynamics: ten questions and the technical approaches needed to resolve them. Exp Fluids 51:23-35 ¢ Lauder GV, Lim J, Shelton R, Witt C, Anderson EJ, Tangorra, J (2011) Robotic models for studying undulatory locomoton in fishes. Mar Technol Soc ]45:41-55 ¢ Lauder GV, Madden PGA, Tangorra J, Anderson E, Baker TV (2011) Bioinspiration from fish for smart material design and function. Smart Mater Struct 20:094014 ¢ Lawson LP, Zimkus BM (2011) Range extension of Phrynobatrachus sulfureogulans (Anura, Phrynobatrachidae) from Burudi to the Mahale Mountains of Western Tanzania with a redescription of the species. Fieldiana: Life and Earth Saences 4:112-116 ¢ Lee DV, Bertram JE, Anttonen JT, Ros IG, Harris SL, Biewener AA (2011) A collisional perspective on quadrupedal gait dynamics. J Roy Soc Interface 8:1480-1486 ¢ Lopardo L, Giribet G, Hormiga G (2011) Morphology to the rescue: Molecular data and the signal of morphological characters in combined phylogenetic analyses—a case study from mysmenid spiders (Araneae, Mysmenidae), with comments on the evolution of web architecture. Cladistics 27:278-330 * Losos JB (2011) Detective work in the West Indies: Integrating historical and experimental approaches to study the evolutionary diversification of island lizards. In Jn the Light of Evolution: Essays from the Laboratory and Field (Losos JB, ed) 73-92. Roberts and Co: Greenwood Village, CO (revised) * Losos JB (2011) Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution: pattern, process, and the evidence. In The Harvard Sampler: Liberal Education for the TwentyFust Century (Shephard JM, Kosslyn SM, Hammonds EM, eds) 91-126. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA * Losos JB (2011) Seeing the forest for the trees: the limitations of phylogenies in comparative biology. Am Nat 177:709-727 * Losos JB (2011) Convergence, adaptation, and constraint. Evolution 65:1827-1840 - * Losos JB, Pringle RM (2011) Competition, predation and natural selection in island lizards. Natwe475:E.1-2 ¢ Lucinda PHF, Figueirdo CA, Hartel KE (2011) Designation of the lectotype of Poecilia amazonica Garman, 1895 (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae) and discussion of its nomenclatural status. Zootaxa 2751:63-64 * Manceau M, Domingues VS, Mallarino R, Hoekstra HE (2011) The developmental role of Agout in color pattern evolution. Science 331:1062-1065 * Murienne J, Edgecombe GD, Giribet G (2011) Comparative phylogeography of the centipedes Cryplops pictus and C. nivensis in New Caledonia, Fijiand Vanuatu. Org Divers Evol 11:61-74 * Novo M, Almodovar A, Fernandez R, Giribet G, Diaz Cosin DJ (2011) Understanding the biogeography of a group of earthworms in the Mediterranean basin—The phylogenetic puzzle of Hormogastidae (Clitellata: Oligochaeta). Mol Phylog Evol 61:125-135 * Organ CL, Edwards SV (2011) Major events in avian genome evolution, In Living Dinosaurs: The Evolutionary History of Modern Birds (Dyke G, Kaiser G, eds) 325-337. Wiley-Blackwell: United Kingdom * Oufiero CE, Gartner GEA, Adolph SC, Garland Jr. T (2011) Latitudinal and climatic variation in body size and dorsal } scale counts in Sedofonus lwards a ph viog eNeEnK perspex me Exolution 65-3590-3607 ¢ Parent LR. Hartel KE (9011) Osteology identifies Fiundulus ahensts Garman, 1895 as a killifish im the family Fundulhdae (Athenmomorpha: Cyprnodonndaeca). Copaa 201 1-242-250 ¢ Rabeling C_ Gonzales O. Schulz TR. Baca M. Garcia MVB, Verhaagh M, Ishak HD, Mueller UG (2011) Crypuc sexual populatons account for genetic diversity and ecological success in a widely dismibuted, asexual funouscrowing ant P Natl Acad Sa USA 108:12366-12371 ¢ Ramaknshnan S, Bozkurttas M. Mittal R. Lander GV (2011) Thrast production im highly flexible pectoral fins a computational dissection. Mar Technal Soc ] 4556-64 ¢ Ramurez SR_ Flv T. Fugwara MK Gerlach G, Goldman- Huertas B. Tsutsui ND. Pierce NE (2011 diversification m a specalized plant pollmator munalism. Saence 333:1742-1746 Asmmchronous ¢ Rhemdt F. Edwards SV (2011) Genetic mmogression: an integral but neglected component of specation in birds. Auk 128:620-632 ¢ Rhemdt FE. Szekely T. Edwards SV. Lee PLM. Burke T. Kenneriey PR. Bakewell DN. et al (2011) Conflict benween genetic and phenotypic differentiation: the evolutionary history of a ‘lost and rediscovered’ shorebird. PLaS ONE Gre26095 ¢ Rmaldo C Wamement J. Baione T_ Kalfatovic MR. Fraser S (2011) Retooling special collections digitisation in the age of mass scanning. Anadne67 ¢ Ros IG. Bassman LC. Badger MA. Pierson “e Biewener AA (2011) Pigeons steer like hehcopters and generate down and upstroke lift durmg low speed tums. P Nail Aaad Sa USA 1 08:]9000.] 0005 ¢ Rykken JJ. Jepson PC. Moldenke AR (2011) Grounc- dwelling arthropod distabution and movement across fragmented npanan forest. Norfime ¢ Sanger TJ. Revell LJ. Gibson-Brown JJ. Losas JB (2011 Repeated modification of early mb morphogenesis programs underhes the evohution of relative long bone length variation among Anohs lizards. P Roy Soc B 279-739-748 Sanger TJ, Norgard EA. Pletscher LS, Bevilacqua M. Brooks VR. Chevenad JM (2011) Developmental and genetic ongins of mumne long bone length variation. Jap Zool B 316:146-161 * Sears MAB, Woollacot RM (2011) Reverend Wiliam F Lynch: A life in sGence and education. In Annals of Bryozoolagy 3: aspeds of the history of research on bryozoans (Wyse Jackson P. Spencer Jones M, eds) 99-122. International Bryozoology Assocation, Tnnity College: Dubin, Ireland ¢ Sharma PP. Giribet G (2011) The evolutionary and biogeographic history of the armoured harvesmen— Laniatores phyiogeny based on ten molecular markers, with the descaption of two new families of Opiliones (Arachnida). ror Syst 25:106-142 ¢ Sharma PP. Kury AB. Garibet G (2011) The Zalmoxidae (Arachnida: Opihones Laniatores) of the Paleotopics a catalogue of Southeast Asian and Indo-Pacific species. Zosiaxa 907 >. 9-37-58 ¢ Sharma PP. Preto CE. Garibet G (2011) A new family of Lanmatores (Arachnida: Opihones) from the Afroropics. Inverieir Syst 25.143-14 ¢ Sharma PP. Vahtera V. Kawanchi GY. Giribet G (2011 Running wiLD: the case for exploung mixed parameter sets im sensitivity analysis. Cladistics 27-538-549 MCZ PUBLICATIONS th S. Wilson NG. Goew F. Feehery ( Rouse GW, Gimbet G. Dunn CW (2011 evolutonarvy relanonsd LIPS « no LLISCS WI took. Nahwer 480:364567 ¢ Sprague J, Zamkus BM (2011 ot Avucopbhirynus On ¢ Siorz JE. Hoffmann PG. Opaz 2011) Develor JC Sanger TJ, Mors a] reguia m of hemogiobin amroknensts. | Lx Baal 214-5 the fins of raxhmned i fist nes for tf undersea vehicles. Mar Technol Soc] ¢ Tangorma J, Phelan C, Esposito C, Lander G (2011) Use of biorobotic models of highly deformable fi mechanics and control of fin fi 51:176-189 aw LV, Vila R Pierce NE. Nash DR (2 n of the Glaucopsyche secton © Vila R_ Bell CD. Mammen R. Goldman-Huertas B. Ree RH. Marshall CR. Balint Z. Johnson K. Benyamini 2011) Phylogeny and palacoecology of F emcees aay ee ii regu ay to ¢ Vo ATE. Bank MS. Increase M organic mercury Mm an endan Temporal gered pelasic seabird assessed Via century-old museum speamens. P Nail Acad Sa USA 108:7466-7471 eee 2011 Inversely related aposematiic traits iohutzon 65:1637-1649 polymorphic poison-dant frog. Fax ¢ Wang JJ (2011 analyical methods for testim: Mol Ecol 20-2480-2489 Choosng — populanor pond size in Califomia @ ae the endangered Ambystoma calijormense. Gon Genet ¢ Whiteman NK Groen SC. Chevasoo D, Bear A. Beckwith N. Gregory TR, Denoux C, Mammarella N, Ausubel F, Pierce NE 2011) Mining the plantherbwore terface with a leafmming Drosopph hala Of Arabidopsis. Mol Fool 20295-1014 e Wilkinson M. San Mauro D, Sherratt E, Gower DJ (2011) Anmedamily classification of caeclians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona). Zociaxa 2874-41-64 ¢ Gegier A, Kunth M. Mueller S. Bock C, Pohmann R. hroder L, Faber C_ Gaibet G (2011) Apphcaton of in zoolc ogy. Zoomorpholi wy m magneuic resonance m 30-297. 254 er ¢ Germann JM. Infante C, Hanken J. Olsson L (2011 Morphology of the cranial skeleton and mus = obhg Ceratophryidae). A ale Camivorous tadpole of [eindobatr 19 da LZool-Siockholm 01-12 natural history se) SPNH( ~ New euslets molecular relationships of sand frogs Am CALENDAR YEAR 2011 Roger Vila. Benjamin Goldman- Huertas. Rm E. Pierce. Caaties noone and colleagues contibutec = Sen Publishins ay 20° 1 Waves: 2 novel coun PorT 2011-2012 ho 09 Thomas Dai Breda Zimkus MCZ GRANT RECIPIENTS ACADEMIC YEAR 201 1—2012 Grants-In-Aid of Undergraduate Research (GUR) These grants support research by Harvard undergraduates under faculty supervision. Priority is given to projects that utilize MCZ and Harvard University Herbaria (HUH) research collections, laboratories and facilities. Support for these grants comes from the MCZ’s Myvanwy M. and George M. Dick Scholarship for Students and from HUH. Recipient Faculty Sponsor/ | Project Title Amount Academic Dept. Zarin Machanda/ Human Evolutionary The effects of small-scale habitat heterogeneity on chimpanzee growth and Nicholas F. Brazeau Biology body size Alexander M. Kim Gonzalo Giribet/ From the Gulf of Guinea to the bridge of the Organismic and world: transoceanic dispersal and human- Evolutionary Biology | mediated invasion in two pantropical genera of freshwater prawns Young Mi Kwon | Hopi E. Hoekstra/ Paternal care of promiscuous Peromyscus Organismic and maniculatus and monogamous Peromyscus Evolutionary Biology | polionotus Bianca M. Lec Scott V. Edwards/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Bonnie R. Lei Scott V. Edwards/ Multilocus phylogeography of the hairy Organismic and woodpecker, Picoides villosus, in North Evolutionary Biology | America Scott V. Edwards/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology The nose knows? Exploring the possibility of MHC-informed mate choice in a petrel Amanda J. Lu Recent changes in the genome of pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum in house finches Linda Y. Pan Hopi E. Hoekstra/ The effects of cross-fostering on Organismic and burrowing behavior ontogeny in deer mice Evolutionary Biology | (Peromyscus) Lauren L. Tomkinson Naomi E. Pierce/ Genetic and environmental effects on the Organismic and social structure of the native pollinator, Evolutionary Biology | Augochlorella aurata Anna R. Veverica Elena M. Kramer/ Investigation of leaf morphology and Organismic and development of transgenics in Aquilegia Evolutionary Biology —- = = _ a a Olivia G. Weeks | Arhat Abzhanov/ The molecular basis of dental development | $1,700 Organismic and in the American alligator | Evolutionary Biology an eke leet LAE Ea : | Total Awards $20,776 Breda Zimkus Putnam Expedition Grants Putnam Expedition Grants are intended to support MCZ faculty-curators, postdoctoral fellows and graduate students in collecting specimens and data relating to the study of comparative zoology. Priority is given to projects that collect living specimens in regions where habitats are threatened or fossil specimens in regions most likely to hold important clues for unraveling evolutionary strategies. These grants are made possible by a gift from Mr. and Mrs. George Putnam, Jr.,°49. Recipient Christopher C.M. Baker, Jack H. Boyle and Naomi E. Pierce Rowan D.H. Barrett MCZ Department Entomology Mammalogy Shane C. Campbell- Herpetology Staton James D. Crall Entomology Vanessa L. Gonzalez __ Invertebrate Zoology Christopher E. Laumer Frank E. Rheindt Christian Rabeling Thomas J. Sanger Invertebrate Zoology Ornithology Herpetology Project Title Population genetics and ecology of African acacia ants Selection on genes in the wild Physiological divergence within Anolis carolinensis: an emerging reptile model Orchid bee movement in heterogeneous environments Collecting Archiheterodonta (Bivalvia: Heterodonta) in South Africa for resolving familial relationships within this group Surveying the diversity of prorhynchid flatworms in temperate rainforests of the Pacific northwest Pigment pattern evolution in beach mice “| $3,230 Collection of a new genus of tanager (Aves) The ants of Vanuatu: exploring the evolutionary ecology of an unknown island fauna Why the long face? Field studies of the Crooked Island anole, Anolis brunneus $2,230 $15,610 | $5,140 ——— ANNUAL Report 201 1- =< 2012 Rowan Barrett Z Breda Zimkus - r Chenyang Cai of Ernst Mayr Travel Grants in Animal Systematics Ernst Mayr Grants support travel for research in animal systematics and are open to the scientific community worldwide. The principal objective of these grants is to stimulate taxonomic work on neglected taxa and/or poorly described species. Ernst Mayr Grants typically facilitate visits to institutional collections, with preference given to research that uses MCZ’s collections. These grants are made possible by a gift from Professor and former MCZ Director Ernst Mayr. Recipient Brad J. Balukjian Institutional Affiliation University of California, Berkeley Diego Nunes Barbosa Cristian F. Beza-Beza Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Wichita State University Marek L. Borowiec University of California, Davis Jimmy J. Cabra Sao Paulo University, Instituto de Biociéncias Chenyang Cai Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Project Title Using integrative taxonomy to revise the radiation of Pseudoloxops Kirkaldy (Heteroptera: Miridae) plant bugs from French Polynesia Type analysis of the world Mesitinae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) Revision of the Petrejoides orizabe species group (Coleoptera: Passalidae) Generic revision of dorylomorph ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Revision and cladistics analysis of the orbweaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) Taxonomic study on the Mesozoic Staphylinoidea beetles (Coleoptera) from China Andrew R. Cline California Department of Food and Agriculture; University of California, Davis Diversification of sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in the neotropics: taking steps to unravel Darwin’s conundrum Yingying Cui Capital Normal University, China Investigation of intra-specific variability in selected Permian Grylloblattida from Carpenter’s collection Liza E. Gomez Daglio | University of California, Merced Hidden diversity of scyphozoan jellyfish Nataliya Dnestrovskaya (Paraketsova) Moscow State University Studies of polychaetous family Nephtyidae from the collection at the Museum of Comparative Zoology Regaine Saturnino | Universidade Federal Ferreira Georg Fischer de Para, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi Petrunkevitch collection: Examination of clubionids from Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, New Haven Amount $1,500 $1,500 $1,450 $1,500 $998 California Academy of Sciences Taxonomy of Malagasy Pheidole Lucja A. Fostowicz- Frelik Traci L. Grzymala Francisco Hita Garcia Ana Jesovnik Gunther Kéhler | : American Museum | of Natural History : Taxonomic revision of a basal lagomorph, Palaeolagus (Mammalia, Glires) $845 $750 University of California, Berkeley + California Academy of Sciences University of Maryland; Smithsonian Institution 4 Senckenberg | Research Institute Taxonomy and systematics of the Aderidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) Taxonomic revision of the proceratiine genera Discothyrea Roger, Proceratium Roger, and Probolomyrmex Mayr in the Malagasy zoogeographical region $1,333 Taxonomic revision of the fungus-growing ant genus Sericomyrmex “Anolis of Panama Recipient Institutional Affiliation Nathan P. Lord The University of New Mexico Project Title southern hemisphere Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidae) Amount Revisionary systematics on the hyperdiverse | $1,500 Stephanie F. Loria Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History Pocock, 1893 Revision of the scorpion family Chaerilidae $1,500 of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) Pablo Ricardo Mulieri | Nationa Council Systematics of Sarcophaginae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): study of genera present in southern South America | | | $1,500 ) | Maria del Mar Soler Universidade de Hurtado Sevilla, Spain Taxonomic revision of the eastern Pacific Gorgoniidae deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology Michael G. Reuscher | Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi $1,500 A review of the taxonomy of Paraonidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) based on the | examination of type material $1,500 Eric N. Rittmeyer Louisiana State University Fine scale diversification in a biodiversity hotspot: systematics of the Tribolonotus pseudoponceleti complex $1,000 Cecilia Waichert Utah State University Systematics of Ageniellini (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) $1,500 Miyata Grants Total Awards $32,571 Miyata Grants are intended to enable herpetological fieldwork by MCZ graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Non-herpetological fieldwork may be eligible when there are no deserving herpetological projects. The Ken Miyata Fund for Field Research Award is made possible by a gift from Dr. Barbara Jil Wu, Ph.D. ’81, and Mr. Eric Larson, A.B. ’77. Recipient MCZ Department Ambika Kamath Herpetology Project Title Correlates of variation in dewlap color and pattern in the fan-throated lizard, Sitana ponticeriana (Squamata: Agamidae) Amount Zachary Lewis Herpetology Field trip to collect Hemidactylium scutatum embryos on Cape Cod Martha Munoz Herpetology Did Ernest Williams get it right? Testing the idea that behavior simultaneously impels and impedes evolution in Anolis cybotes (Squamata: Iguanidae) The Kenneth Miyata Endowment Fund in Herpetology was established in memory of Kenneth Miyata, Ph.D. 1980, and is made possible by gifts from Ken’s friends and colleagues. Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Impact of ornaments on evolution of the neotropical lizard genus Anolis | $5,000 = A field study assessing the role of intraguild predation in interspecific interations | between Anolis lizards $5,210 Total Awards JUAL REPoRT 2011-2012 Gunther Kohler Zack Lewis Ambika Kamath ~J Catherine Weisel Catherine Weisel A.W. “Fuzz” Crompton Adam Baldinger | i] liza beth Sefton {OF COMP 1T\ ZOOLOGY AWARDS & RECOGNITION Emeritus A.W. “Fuzz” Crompton was awarded the 2011 Romer-Simpson Medal of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. The society's highest award honors sustained and outstanding scholarly excellence in the discipline of vertebrate paleontology. Edward O. Wilson received the 2012 International Cosmos Prize. The prize is awarded to individuals whose research has achieved excellence and is recognized as contributing to a significant understanding of the relationships among living organisms. Faculty Scott Edwards was elected President of the Society for the Study of Evolution. Gonzalo Giribet was elected a Fellow of the California Academy of Sciences and President of the Willi Hennig Society, and appointed as a Research Associate at the Field Museum of Natural History. Giribet also received a National Geographic Expeditions award for research in Amazonia. Hopi Hoekstra received the 2011 Fannie Cox Prize for Excellence in Science Teaching. The award recognizes faculty who inspire students, instill in them a passion for science and effectively communicate complex ideas in introductory science courses. Jonathan Losos received the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal from the National Academy of Sciences in recognition of his research on adaptive radiation of Anolis lizards. Losos was also elected as a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. The blog Anole Annals, edited by Losos and Rich Glor of the University of Rochester, was named “Blog of the Week” by Scientific \merican. www.anoleannals.org Naomi Pierce was elected as an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society. SE —= Staff Adam Baldinger, Curatorial Associate in Invertebrate Zoology, Malacology & Marine Invertebrates, received a 2011 Impact Award for his sustained, superior performance and exceptional effectiveness in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS). Alison Pirie, Faculty & Collections Assistant in Mammalogy and Ornithology, received the Dean’s Distinction Award, which recognizes outstanding citizenship and exceptional contributions in support of the FAS mission. Dana Fisher, Assistant to the Librarian and Special Collections, and Mary Sears, Head of Public Services, both in the Ernst Mayr Library, were each honored in a December 2011 ceremony for 25 years of service to Harvard University. Postdocs Rowan Barrett was recognized with the John Maynard Smith Prize from the European Society for Evolutionary Biology for his work on the genetics of adaptation to changing environments. He also received the Young Investigators Award from the American Society of Naturalists, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Banting Fellowship, the Human Frontiers in Science Postdoctoral Fellowship and the National Geographic Research and Exploration Grant. Andres Bendesky received the Helen Hay Whitney Postdoctoral Fellowship for his work involving the neurobiology and genetics of pair-bonding behavior in Peromyscus mice. Jean-Marc Lassance was given The Human Frontiers in Science Postdoctoral Fellowship, which encourages early career scientists to broaden their research skills by moving into new areas of study while working in anew country. Lassance also received a postdoctoral fellowship from EMBO in support of international research careers. Marie Manceau received the ATIP-Avenir Starting Grant from the Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale and the Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). The grant enables young scientists to create and lead a team within an established laboratory in France. Sarah Kocher received a USDA Postdoctoral Fellowship to study pollination biology of native bees. Graduate Students Elizabeth Sefton received the Derek C. Bok Award for Excellence in Graduate Student Teaching of Undergraduates. Chris Laumer is the winner of the Best Platform Presentation for his talk at the 2012 Society for Integrative & Comparative Biology Division of Phylogenetics and Comparative Biology (SICB DPCB) meeting. Prashant Sharma Prashant Sharma was declared the runner- up for his talk at the SICB DPCB meeting. Sharma also received a Certificate of Teaching Excellence from the Harvard Derek Bok Center, a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology (PRFB) grant for research at the American Museum of Natural History and teaching at the City University of New York, and the Deakin-Royce Fellowship from the Australian Studies Committee for fieldwork in Queensland and Northern Territory, Australia. The following graduate students received NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grants: Alexis Harrison, Emily Jacobs- Palmer, Hillery Metz and Martha Munoz. In addition, Metz received the Robert A. Chapman Memorial Scholarship from Harvard and Munoz received a Sigma Xi Grant-In-Aid of Research. Katie Boronow, James Crall and Kara Feilich were given NSF Graduate Research Fellowships. Nicole Bedford received a James Mills Peirce Fellowship and a NSERC Postgraduate Scholarship. Ambika Kamath was given the Rufus B. Kellogg Fellowship from Amherst College. Evan Kingsley received the Merit Graduate Society Term-time Research Fellowship and Robert A. Chapman Memorial Scholarship from Harvard. Alison Pirie Great Transformations: Major Events in the History of Vertebrate Life Kris Snibbe In June, Farish A. Jenkins was honored in a symposium at the MCZ organized by Prof. Beth Brainerd (Brown University), Prof. Kenneth Dial (The University of Montana) and Prof. Neil Shubin (University of Chicago). The event, celebrating his 44-year career as a mentor, teacher and friend, included 19 presentations by Jenkins’s former students, lab members and colleagues. The presentations focused on themes consistent with his lifelong research in paleontology and functional morphology of transitional forms among major vertebrate clades. Dial, a former postdoc in Jenkins’s lab, explains, “Farish’s profound impact on the lives and careers of countless students, post- doctoral fellows and research collaborators is acknowledged worldwide. His lectures are legendary, his teaching voice always articulate, passionate, focused and organized. Through his example, Farish’s colleagues have been shown the standard bar to the highest quality of teaching and research.” The papers will be integrated into chapters of an edited text in Jenkins’s honor. ANNUAL Report 2011-2012 = . 29 () M FINANCIAL DATA These charts describe the income and expenses of the Museum of Comparative Zoology in fiscal year 2012. Endowment income funds much of the Museum’s activities, including acquisition and maintenance of collections, faculty and staff salaries, capital projects, facilities renovation and maintenance. Included in Endowment income is the annual distribution, revenue generated from assets purchased through endowments and endowed funds decapitalized per donor request. Transfers include Harvard University-funded faculty research, financial support for the Ernst Mayr Library and other Harvard- funded projects. Other Income comprises miscellaneous income from publication subscriptions, royalties, sales and fees, and other cost recovery from other MCZ-sponsored activities. Reserves represent the amount of carry-forward balances used to cover an operating deficit. Overhead is funding paid from MC7Z-based sponsored projects to the MCZ to cover facilities and administrative costs for Income Other Gverend Reserves Income 26% : 2 Earned Federal Gifts 1% é 2% 3% Sponsored Revenue 10% Transfers 2% Nonfederal Sponsored 0 Endowment 55% Ravens 206 Income Endowment $13,370,363 Reserves $6,249,189 Federal Sponsored Revenue $2,443,841 Overhead Earned $780,190 Transfers $436,801 Gifts $378,917 Nonfederal Sponsored Revenue $370,390 Other Income $150,946 Total $24,180,637 IVE ZOOLOGY M OF (COMPAR S=r = those projects. It is shown as both income (Overhead Earned) and expenses (Overhead Charged). Capital Projects include deployment of collections to the newly constructed space in the Northwest Building. Building expenses such as maintenance, facility improvements and utilities are captured in the Space & Occupancy category. Operating Expenses consist of equipment purchases, supplies, consultant and conference fees, as well as annual subventions to the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology (OEB) for administrative services. Support for MCZ-affiliated graduate students in OEB is included in Scholarships, Awards & Travel. Institutional Expenses are support for other University activities outside the MCZ, including the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University initiatives and general operating support to the Harvard Museum of Natural History. Expenses Capital Scholarships, oe Projects wee Awards & Institutional 15% Capitalized el am% Expenses 10% Balances 4% Space & Occupancy 8% Operating Overhead Expenses 21% Salaries & Fringe Charged 3% Benefits 36% Expenses Salaries & Fringe Benefits $8,677,650 Operating Expenses $5,185,591 Capital Projects $3,733,150 Institutional Expenses $2,465,668 Space & Occupancy $1,905,562 Capitalized Balances $968,397 Overhead Charged (Sponsored) $779,987 Scholarships, Awards & Travel $464,632 Total $24,180,637 Faculty-Curators Andrew A. Biewener Charles P. Lyman Professor of Biology; Director, Concord Field Station Scott V. Edwards Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology; Curator of Ornithology Brian D. Farrell Professor of Biology; Curator of Entomology Gonzalo Giribet Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; Curator of Invertebrate Zoology James Hanken Professor of Biology; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology; Curator of Herpetology; Director, MCZ Hopi E. Hoekstra Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology; Curator of Mammalogy Farish A. Jenkins, Jr. Professor of Biology; Harvard College Professor; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology; Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology George V. Lauder Professor of Biology; Henry Bryant Bigelow Professor of Ichthyology; Curator of Ichthyology Jonathan B. Losos Monique and Philip Lehner Professor Jor the Study of Latin America; Curator of Herpetology James J. McCarthy Professor of Biological Oceanography; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanography; Acting Curator of Malacology Naomi E. Pierce Sidney A. and John H. Hessel Professor of Biology; Curator of Entomology Robert M. Woollacott Professor of Biology; Curator of Marine Invertebrates Emeritus Faculty Kenneth J. Boss Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Professor of Biology, Emeritus A.W. “Fuzz” Crompton Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Fisher Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Herbert W. Levi Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus Richard C. Lewontin Professor of Biology, Emeritus; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus Edward O. Wilson Honorary Curator in Entomology; Pellegrino University Professor, Emeritus Postdoctoral Fellows, Research Associates & Visiting Scholars Allison Arnold-Rife Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Niclas Backstrom Ornithology, Edwards Lab Rowan D. H. Barrett Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Andres Bendesky Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Maria del Rosario Castaneda Herpetology, Losos Lab Gilberto Neves Bento Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Savel Daniels Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Vera Domingues Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Rodney Eastwood Entomology, Pierce Lab Marianne Espeland Entomology, Pierce Lab Heidi Fisher Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Brooke Flammang Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Adam Freedman Herpetology & Mammalogy, Losos & Hoekstra Labs Matthew Fujita Ornithology, Edwards Lab Gabriel Gartner Herpetology, Losos Lab Natalie Holt Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Guo-hua Huang Entomology, Pierce Lab Travis Ingram Herpetology, Losos Lab Milan Janda Entomology, Pierce Lab Gisele Kawauchi Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Christopher Kenaley Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Julia Klaczko Herpetology, Losos Lab Sarah Kocher Entomology, Pierce Lab Clemens Kupper Ornithology, Edwards Lab Jean-Marc Lassance Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Matthew Lim Entomology, Pierce Lab Mark Liu Ornithology, Edwards Lab David Lubertazzi Global Ant Project, Wilson Lab Hillary Maddin Herpetology, Hanken Lab Ricardo Mallarino Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Marie M. Manceau Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Maria de Boef Miara Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Gabriel Miller Entomology, Pierce Lab Brant Peterson Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Nadine Piekarski Herpetology, Hanken Lab Yu-Ping Poh Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Christian Rabeling Entomology, Pierce Lab Frank Rheindt Ornithology, Edwards Lab Ana Riesgo Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Alicia Rodriguez Perez-Porro Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Thomas Sanger Herpetology, Losos Lab Emma Sherratt Herpetology, Losos Lab Sebastian Velez Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Ian Wang Herpetology, Losos Lab Li Wen Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Alexander Ziegler Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Graduate Students Christopher Baker Entomology, Pierce Lab Maude Baldwin Ornithology, Edwards Lab Leonora Bittleston Entomology, Pierce Lab Erin Blevins Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Katherine Boronow Herpetology, Losos Lab John Boyle Entomology, Pierce Lab Shane Campbell-Staton Ornithology, Edwards Lab Glenna Clifton Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Mark Cornwall Entomology, Pierce Lab Amanda Evans Entomology, Farrell Lab Kara Feilich Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Vanessa Gonzalez Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab ViCZ PERSONNE Patrick Gorring Entomology, Farrell Lab Alexis Harrison Herpetology, Losos Lab Emily Jacobs-Palmer Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Collin Johnson Marine Invertebrates, Woollacott Lab Zofia Kaliszewska Entomology, Pierce Lab Ambika Kamath Herpetology, Losos Lab Emily Kay Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Evan Kingsley Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Christopher Laumer Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Zachary Lewis Herpetology, Hanken Lab Jeanette Lim Ichthyology, Lauder Lab Luke Mahler Herpetology, Losos Lab Hillery Metz Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Talia Moore Herpetology & Concord Field Station, Losos & Biewener Labs Martha Munoz Herpetology, Losos Lab Ivo Ros Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Elizabeth Sefton Herpetology, Hanken Lab Prashant Sharma Invertebrate Zoology, Giribet Lab Allison Shultz Ornithology, Edwards Lab Bruno Souza de Medeiros Entomology, Farrell Lab Yoel Stuart Herpetology, Losos Lab Wenfei Tong Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Jesse Weber Mammalogy, Hoekstra Lab Yunke Wu Herpetology, Hanken Lab Xuemai Zhai Biological Oceanography, McCarthy Lab Associates Bruce Archibald Associate of Entomology Simon Fraser University Aaron Bauer Associate of Herpetology Villanova University Reinier Beeuwkes, III - Associate of Zoology Ischemix Company MCZ PERSONNEL Andrew Berry Associate of Population Genetics Harvard University Elizabeth Brainerd Associate of Ichthyology Brown University Donald S. Chandler Associate of Entomology University of New Hampshire Jae Choe Associate of Entomology Ewha Womans University Janet Collett Associate of Population Genetics University of Sussex Bruce Collette Associate of Ichthyology National Marine Fisheries Service David Bruce Conn Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Berry College James Costa Associate of Entomology Western Carolina University Catherine Craig Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Harvard University Harlan Dean Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Harvard University Lloyd Demetrius Associate of Population Genetics Harvard University Philip DeVries Associate of Entomology University of New Orleans Gregory D. Edgecombe Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Natural History Museum, England Ben Evans Associate of Herpetology McMaster University Richard Glor Associate of Herpetology University of Rochester Kelvin A. Guerrero Associate of Entomology Systematic Entomologist/ Environmental Consultant Michael Hadfield Associate of Marine Biology Kewalo Marine Laboratory Anthony Herrel Associate of Herpetology Muséum National d'Histoire Natwrlle, Paris ,erthold Holldobler Associate of Entomology Arizona State University Gustavo Hormiga Associate of Invertebrate Zoology George Washington University Alan Kabat Associate of Malacology Attorney, Bernaba & Wachtel Leslie S. Kaufman Associate of Ichthyology Boston University Timothy Laman Associate of Ornithology National Geographic Ruth Hortencia Bastardo Landrau Associate of Entomology Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo Phillip Lobel Associate of Ichthyology Boston University David Lohman Associate of Entomology The City College of New York Vladimir A. Lukhtanov Associate of Entomology Russian Academy of Sciences Duane McKenna Associate of Entomology University of Memphis Russell Mittermeier Associate of Herpetology Conservation International William Montevecchi Associate of Ornithology Memorial University of Newfoundland Piotr Naskrecki Associate of Entomology Conservation International Martin Nweeia Associate of Mammalogy Harvard School of Dental Medicine Diane B. Paul Associate of Population Genetics Harvard University David L. Pawson Associate of Marine Biology Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Stewart Peck Associate of Entomology Carleton University Paulo Petry Associate of Ichthyology The Nature Conservancy Steve Poe Associate of Herpetology University of New Mexico Michael Rex Associate of Malacology University of Massachusetts, Boston Jury Rudyakov Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Commonwealth of Massachusetts Jessica Rykken Associate of Entomology Harvard University Chris Schneider Associate of Herpetology Boston University Andrea Sequeira Associate of Entomology Wellesley College Scott R. Shaw Associate of Entomology University of Wyoming Joel Sohn Associate of Ichthyology Golden Mountain Trading Company Stephen Tilley Associate of Herpetology Smith College James Traniello Associate of Entomology Boston University David Wagner Associate of Entomology University of Connecticut David Wake Associate of Herpetology University of California, Berkeley Marvalee Wake Associate of Herpetology University of California, Berkeley Philip S. Ward Associate of Entomology University of California, Davis Jacqueline Webb Associate of Ichthyology University of Rhode Island R. Haven Wiley Associate of Ornithology University of North Carolina Cheryl Wilga Associate of Ichthyology University of Rhode Island Judith Winston Associate of Marine Biology Virginia Museum of Natural History Staff Emily Aker Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Adam Baldinger Curatorial Associate, Invertebrate Zoology, Malacology & Marine Invertebrates Dorothy Barr Public Services/MCB Liaison Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Daniel Belich Reference Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Penny Benson Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Zoology, Malacology & Marine Invertebrates Constance Brichford Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Ronnie Broadfoot Circulation/Reference, Ernst Mayr Library Ian Butler Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Christopher Carden Cataloger, Biodiversity Heritage Library Margaret Carayannopoulos Financial Officer Paul Chaikin Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Flavia Chen Curatorial Assistant, Ornithology Judith Chupasko Curatorial Associate, Mammalogy Stefan Cover Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Jessica Cundiff Curatorial Associate, Invertebrate & Vertebrate Paleontology Susan DeSanctis Serials Acquisitions Assistant, Ernst Mayr Library Joseph DeVeer Head of Technical Services, Ernst Mayr Library Samantha Edelheit Faculty/Collection Assistant, Malacology; Editorial Assistant, MCZ Publications Katherine Eldridge Curatorial Assistant, Ornithology Anne Everly Research Assistant, Herpetology Charles Farnum Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Helene Ferranti Faculty/Collection Assistant, Biological Oceanography & Marine Biology Dana Fisher Assistant to the Librarian/Special Collections, Ernst Mayr Library Jacqueline Ford Library Assistant, Ernst Mayr Library Linda S. Ford Director, Collections Operations Brendan Haley Senior Database Manager, Collections Operations Karsten Hartel Curatorial Associate, Ichthyology Gwendolyn Fougy Henry Library Assistant and Archivist, Ernst Mayr Library Kathleen Horton Faculty/Collection Assistant, Entomology Amie Jones Faculty/Collection Assistant, Entomology Maureen Kelly IT Specialist, Biodiversity Informatics Richard Knecht Collection Assistant, Invertebrate Paleontology Petra Kubikova Faculty/Collection Assistant, Entomology Laura Leibensperger Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Zoology Jennifer Lenihan Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Zoology Lisa Litchfield Administrator, Concord Field Station David Lowery Project Programmer, Biodiversity Informatics Mara Lyons Faculty/Collection Assistant, Invertebrate & Vertebrate Paleontology Joseph Martinez Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology Jessica McConnell Collection Assistant, Ichthyology Juri Miyamae Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Richard Monk Database Programmer, Collections Operations Paul Morris Biodiversity Informatics Manager, Collections Operations Robert Morris IT Specialist, Biodiversity Informatics Katherine Mullen Library Assistant, Ernst Mayr Library April Mullins Acquisitions and Technology Specialist, Ernst Mayr Library Catherine Musinsky Faculty/Collection Assistant, Mammalogy John Nevins Laboratory Systems Manager for Biological Oceanography & Marine Biology Somer O’Brien Staff Assistant, Concord Field Station Mark Omura Curatorial Assistant, Mammalogy Philip Perkins Curatorial Associate, Entomology Alison Pirie Faculty/Collection Assistant, Ornithology & Mammalogy Jignasha Rana Research Assistant, Entomology Murat Recevik Curatorial Assistant, Malacology Mark Renczkowski Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Paleontology Constance Rinaldo Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Alana Rivera Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations José Rosado Curatorial Associate, Herpetology Mary Sears Head of Public Services, Ernst Mayr Library Diane Sheridan Faculty/Collection Assistant, Invertebrate Zoology Margaret Starvish Faculty/Collection Assistant, Ichthyology Robert Stymeist Curatorial Assistant, Ornithology Christopher Sussman Data Assistant, Collections Operations Tsuyoshi Takahashi Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology & Collections Operations Jennifer Thomson Faculty/Collection Assistant, Populations Genetics Diana Tingley Turmenne Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Jeremiah Trimble Curatorial Associate, Ornithology Tatiana De Souza Vargas Data Assistant, Collections Operations Zhimin Wang IT Specialist, Biodiversity Informatics Catherine Weisel Museum Projects Coordinator Ken Wilcox Building Superintendent, Concord Field Station Victoria Wilke Curatonal Assistant, Collections Operations Andrew Williston Curatorial Assistant, Ichthyology Jonathan Woodward Curatorial Assistant, Herpetology & Collections Operations Melissa Woolley Faculty/Collection Assistant, Herpetology Robert Young Special Collections Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Breda Zimkus Project Manager for Genetic Resources Encyclopedia of Life, Learning + Education Group Tracy Barbaro Project Coordinator Jeffrey T. Holmes Digital Learning Editor Marie M. Studer Learning + Education Director Administration for the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Krista Carmichael Senior Research Administrator Rebecca Chetham Director of Administration Irv Dumay Building Manager Paul Dwyer Mail Clerk Jeannette Everritt Administrative Coordinator Jason Green Financial Assistant Stephanie Hillsgrove Financial Assistant Philip Norton _ Building Services Coordinator Christopher Preheim Academic Programs Coordinator Damari Rosado Assistant Director of Administration Anna Salvato Manager of Financial Operations Kristin Schubert Senior Research Administrator Deborah Smiley Web Project Manager Geoff Tierney Senior Financial Officer Laura Tomaino Human Resources Coordinator Angel Velarde Financial Assistant Ellen Wilkin Financial Assistant Harvard Student Staff, Interns & Temporary Staff Julia Adams Soumia Aitelhaj Sarah Al-Naggar Deborah Anderson Laura Baldassarre Victor Ban Tiffany Bartz Valerie Bradley Lian Bruno Kurt Burchfiel Alanna Callendrello Jasmine Casart Lawrence Chan Hayoung Chang Ilsoo Cho Donald Clarke Carly Cohen Sarah Cohen Benjamin Cox Margaret Crane Ann Downer-Hazell Marjorie Gullick Alan Heath Cynthia Herrick Zachary Herring Madeleine Higgins Tamanna Hossin Henry Huberty Sarah Kariko Alexander Krowiak Olakunle Komolafe Adam Lazarus Jessica LeClair Lauren Libby Beryl Caroline Lipton Patrick McCormack Amy McCormick Molly McDowell Caroline McHugh John Mewherter Elaine Miller Jessica Mitchell Sarah Morris Nadya Muchoney Jessica Mullen Kimberly O’Donnell Valerie Root Lisa Sanchez Kaitlin Sheridan Mariah Slone Molly Solomon Sharon Sticher Elizabeth Storm Laurel Varian Gabriel Walker Jelle Zijlstra Tyler Zoanni The MCZ’s charter, signed in 1859, mandates that the Museum’s activities will be overseen by a governing board, the Faculty of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Dr. John D. Constable Mr. Robert G. Goelet Mr. George Putnam, Jr. Mr. George Putnam, III Dr. Barbara Jil Wu Mr. Paul J. Zofnass President Drew Gilpin Faust Acknowledgements This annual report was produced by the Office of the Director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Editors: James Hanken, Director Catherine Weisel, Museum Projects Coordinator Copy, Design & Production: Cyndi Wood Creative Project Management, Inc. www. creatiueprojectmgmt. com A = kr ie * fal ad > i . | ‘ - UM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 26 Oxford Street Cambridge, MA 02138, 617.495.2460 s we _ www.mcez.harvard.edu ae Oe ‘ ea 4 aie ;