Museum of Comparative ZOOLOGY ANNUAL REPORT Harvard University 2013-2014 Director’s Message It is impossible to be a productive naturalist in this country without money. I am going to get some money if I can and then I will be a naturalist. —Alexander Agassiz These words, spoken over a century ago by former MCZ director and son of MCZ’s founder Louis Agassiz, still ring true today. Contemporary scientific research is expensive, and students, postdoctoral fellows, and faculty spend much of their time applring for grants and other means of funding their work. We in the MCZ are fortunate to be able to sponsor several competitive giant programs, which are highlighted in the opening pages of this report. The MCZ has awarded an average of $150,000 per year, and these funds have been used to support both field trips and laboratory work by MCZ personnel and to enable non-Harvard scientists to visit collections at the MCZ and other institutions. Our newest program, the Farish A. Jenkins, Jr. Memorial Fund to support student fieldwork, is made possible through the generous contributions of Farish’s family, friends and colleagues. I am deeply grateful to those individuals who have made these sources of funding available. Last year, we introduced our newest faculty- curator, Dr. Stephanie E. Pierce. Stephanie arrived on campus this past summer and is in the process of establishing her lab. I am very pleased to announce that, following Stephanie’s successful recruitment, we have hired another new faculty-curator, Mansi Srivastava, AB, PhD. Mansi, who will formally join the MCZ in summer 2015 as Assistant Professor of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, will share curatorial responsibilities for our invertebrate collections. Her research examines the evolution of regeneration in animals, including underlying molecular and developmental mechanisms. I look forward to introducing Mansi and her research more extensively in the next annual report. The M(iZ sadly lost two emeritus faculty this year, Kenneth J. Boss and Herbert Walter Levi. Ken spent nearly his entire professional career at the MCZ, curating the Museum’s enormous mollusk collection for more than 30 years. Herb is widely regarded as one of the grand arachnologists of the 20''' century. Both Ken and Herb trained generations of zoologists who became leaders in their respective fields. WTile they will truly be missed among the specimen cabinets and halls of the MCZ, their impact will be enduring. The MCZ continues to make steady progress transitioning into the third phase of our migration of several collections into the Northwest Building. Malacology and Ornithology, as well as portions of Marine Invertebrates and Invertebrate Zoology, joined Mammalogy in the new state-of-the-art collections, lab and teaching space. Invertebrate Paleontology is the next collection slated to move. WBile we provide a short update in the enclosed report. I’m looking forward to sharing more details about this immense undertaking — and accomplishment — in a future annual report. All of the work highlighted in this report would not be possible without the tremendous efforts of our facidty-curators, staff, postdoctoral fellows, and students. I am thankful for their contributions to making the MCZ a successful and respected institution year after year. James Hanken Director Cover photo credits: Top, left to right: Thomas Dai; MCZ Entomology Collection; George Lauder; Julianne Pelaez; Gonzalo Giribet Bottom, left to right; Gonzalo Giribet; Jonathan Woodward; Stephanie Mitchell, Harvard University News Office; Bridget Irvine; Jonathan Woodward Opposite page; MCZ Special Collections Annual Report 2013-2014 NC Catherine Weisel Gonzalo Giribet Robert Cooke SuppoRTiNc; Vital Scikntifk: Rlskarcii AND Student Tr.\ininc; The Museum of Comparative Zoology is proud to offer grants that enable scientific research, an important part of our teaching and research missions. 1'^ % • jy r t'yWff Zachary Lewis (center) with Prof. Jim Hanken and members of the Hanken lab on a collecting expedition on Cape Cod \ICZ gi ants are a\ailable for research performed in the lah, in the field, and with museum collections. Approximately $150,000 is awarded each yeai', and these funds pro\ide essential support for researchers at many stages of their careers, including undergiaduate and giaduate students, postdoctoral researchers, faculty at the MCZ and Harviu'd, and scientists around the world. Grants in Aid of Undergraduate Research (GUR), funded by the Mwanwy M. and George M. Dick Scholarship Fund for Science Students, support faculty-superxised research by Harxard College undergi adnates. Projects in any subject area are eligible for support, although priority is given to those that utilize MCZ research collections, laboratories and facilities, as well as related fieldwork. Recently, the Harvard University Herbaria and Ai nold Arboretum joined the MCZ in funding CURs that support projects in plant biology, including those that utilize the Ai boretmn’s li\ing collections. Students are particularly encouraged to apply for funding that facilitates senior honors theses or ussociated preliminary studies. .Several (il’R grant recipients have gone on to receive I larvard I’niversitv’s Fhomas T. 1 loopes Prize, which recognizes outstanding scholarly work by student.s. Tanner Strickland (I.osos lab) investigated the relationship between environmetital and morphological variation in the large-headed anole, Anolis cybotes. “With my (iUR. I was able to sequence genes that illuminated the dynamic ititer-island relationships of one lizard species across a number of (Caribbean islands,” says Strickland. Tanner Strickland Graduate students iti MCiZ faculty-curator labs are eligible for Robert G. Goelet Summer Research Awards and Miyata Grants. Funded through gifts from MCZ Factilu member Mr. Robert G. Goelet and Mrs. Alexandra (ioelet, Cktelet Awards .support u avel to field .sites and related expenses. The MiyaUi (irants jjrogram was esUtblished in 2008 throtigh gifts from MCiZ Faculty member Dr. Bai bara \\\i, PhD 1981, and Mr. Eric Larson, .\B 1977, in commemoration of their friend Dr. Kenneth Miyata, PhD 1980. Miyata grants tu e intended tc) defray field research costs for gi aduate students, primarily in the field of hetpetolog)’. 2 Mu,seum of Comi>.\r,vtivf: Zooi.oca’ Gonzalo Giribet C.raduaU' suidt'ut Zachary Lewis (1 lanken lab) rccehcd a Miyata grant in 2012 and a Cioelet award in 2013. His research foeirses on evolniionar\ and developmental patterns of king and heart development. The Goelet awiud made it po.ssihle for Ixwis to collect Inngless salamander embrvos in the field, and the Mivata grant supported the collection of Hemidactylium scutaturn embrvos on Cape Cod. Putnam Expedition Grants have taken MCZ facultt’, postdoctoral researchers and students on collecting expeditions tu ound die globe. The progiiun, made possible by gifts h orn MCZ Faculty member Mr. Ceorge Putnam, Jr., 1949 and MBA 1951, and Mrs. Nanc\' Pumam, was established to assist with ti'avel expenses incurred in the collection of specimens and data relating to the study of comparative zoology; die specimens collected on these expeditions are subsequently added to the MCZ’s collections. Preference is given to projects that acquire living specimens in regions where habitats are threatened and for collecting fossil specimens in regions most likely to hold important clues for unraveling evolutionary sUategies. Since 2000, Gonzalo Giribet has received several Putnam grants that have taken him to New Zealand, Australia, Sri Lanka and South Africa. Most recently he has been examining soil invertebrates in Chile. Prof. Ciribet plans to amass a comprehensive collection of harvestmen, centipedes and velvet worms from the highly fragmented temperate forests of Chile and further his ongoing projects on Condwanan biogeography to test h)potheses of landmass breakup and submersion. “Putnam grants have allowed me to explore and collect in the many terrains of the former snpercontinent and have contributed to some of iny best-cited papers and most exciting biogeographic di.scoveries,” says Ciribet. “But most importantly, the grants have provided re.sources for the Phi) work of three stellar graduate students. They will always remember the generosity and the opportunities provided by their Putnam expedition grants.” The MCZ’s collections anchor the Museum’s mission to serve as a teaching and research institution. Ernst Mayr Travel Grants, made po.ssible by a gift fi'om renowned systematist Ernst Mayr, former Professor of Zoology and Director of the MCZ, facilitate short visits to museum collections for researchers ai ound tiie world at every stage of their careers. The principal objective of these gi'ants is to stimulate taxonomic work on neglected taxa; tliey are particularly designed for scientists who might otherwise have difficulty in obtaining access to museum specimens that ai e necessai y for tlieir research. While preference is given to studies that use the MCZ’s collections, applications to work at other museums are also eligible. Gonzalo Giribet in Chile Susan Drymala, a giaduate student fiom Nortli Carolina State University, received an Ernst Mayi' Travel Grant in spring 2013. By observing fossil specimens at the MCZ and three other instiuitions, she was able to gather important data for her master’s thesis, which involves improving phylogenetic analyses and understanding of pai'acrocodylomoiph reptiles. “Witli my Ernst Mayi* Ciunt, 1 was able to claiify relation,ships at the origin of Crocodylomorpha, revealing U ends in body .size and batiplan evolution across a key transition in eaiiy archo,saur evolution,” .says Drymala. She was also able to conduct clo.se examination of taxa closely related to a new fo.ssil species she is „ . ^ ‘ Specimen of Saurosuchus galilei describing, adding to the phylogenetic analysis. examined by Susan Drymala Annual Rt:i>ORT 2013-20 1 4 Jessica Cundiff Stephanie Mitchell Rose Lincoln MCZ FACL'I.Pi'-CuR.\TC)RS Scott V. Edwards Professor of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology Alexander Agassiz Pmfessor of Zoolog Curator of Ornithology Andrew A. Bicwener Charles P. Lyman Professor of Biology Director, Concord Field Station Prof . Bicwcner’s researcli focuses on undersiaiufiiig the fiiomechauics, neuromu.scular control and energetics of animal movement on land and in the air. His goal is to understand general j)rinciples that govern the biomechanical and physiological design of vertebrate animals related to their movement in natural environments. Prof. Edwards’ research focuses on die ex oludonary biologi’ of birds tmd related species, combining field, museum and genomics approaches to understand die basis of a\ian di\ersit\’, exolution and behaxior. Current projects udlize genomics technologies to study comparative genomics and die ex olution of flighdessness in birds; phylogeogiaphy and speciation of Austriiliiui tuid North American birds; and die genomics of host-paiasite co-exolution betxveen house finches and a recendv acquired bacterial padiogen. Mycoplasma. Prof Farrell’s research is broadly concerned xxith the evolution of ecological interactions between host plants and animals and their parasites, such as insects and other tiny con.suniers. His current projects include applxing next generation sequencing to speciation and phylogenetic studies of associated species; documenting biodixersitx’ in the Dominican Republic; and repatriating digital information from scientific .specimens of insects and fossils in museums to their countries of origin. Brian D. Farrell Professor of Biology Curator of Entomology Director, David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies Gonzalo Giribet Professor of Organismic Evolutionary Biology Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoolog' Curator of Invertebrate Zoology Prof Giribet’s primary research focuses on the evolution, systeniatics and biogeogi aphy of invertebrate animals, including the use of morphologx’ and next- generation sequencing techniques. Current projects in the Giribet lab include multidisciplinary studies for Assembling the Bix alxe Tree of Life; the dix ersity of Neotropical and Gondxx anan arachnids; and systeniatics and biogeography of arthropods, mollusks, platyhelminthes and onychophorans. He is also interested in philosophical aspects of DNA sequence data analysis, enipha.sizing homology-related i.ssues and the use of genomic-level data for inferring phylogenies. 4 MfSEUM OF 0)MPAR.\TIXE ZoOIXKiY Casey Dunn Stephanie Mitchell FACULTY-CURATORS I i James Hanken Professor of Biology Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Curator of Herpetology MCZ Director Prof. Hanken’s research focuses on the evolutionary morphology, development and systematics of vertebrates, especially amphibians. Cun^nt interests include the evolution of cranial form and patterning; the developmental basis of life-history evolution; systematics, taxonomy and evolution of Neotropical salamanders; and biodiversity informatics. Over A the years, his laboratory has conducted extensive fieldwork in Africa, Asia, and Central and South America. The lab also maintains captive breeding colonies of numerous amphibian species. Prof. Hanken is a member of the Executive Committee of the Encyclopedia of Life and until recently served on the Board of Directors of the Natural Science Collections Alliance and of the American Institute of Biological Sciences. He is Past-president of both the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists and the International Society of Vertebrate Morphologists; former Chair, International Board of Directors, of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force; and former Co-chair of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Consortium for the Barcode of Life. He is also a member of the Biological Sciences in Dental Medicine Program, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and a faculty member of the Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard School of Public Health. He has authored more than 120 scientific publications, edited four books, and is an accomplished nature and scientific photographer. Hopi E. Hoekstra hvjessor of Orgnnismic df Evolutionary liiology Professor of Molecular Csf Cellular liiolo^ Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology Curator of Mammalogy Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Harvard College Professor Prof. Hoekstra combines field and laboratory work to iindersuind the evolution of mammalian diversity front morpholog)' to behaxior. Her research focuses on the genetic basis of adaptive variation — identifying both the ultimate causes and the proximate mechanisms responsible for traits that help organisms survive and reproduce in the wild. Research in the Hoekstra lab integrates ecological, behavioral, genetic and molecular approaches. George V. Lauder Professor of Biology Henry Bryant Bigelow Professor of Ichthyology Curator of Ichthyology Prof Lauder’s research focuses on the biomechanics of fishes and the development of robotic models for studying aqtiatic locomotion. His current studies focus on the function of shark skin and other surface structures, the role of flexibility in improving the efficiency of aquatic propulsion and how fishes control body and fin position as they maneuver through obstacles. Additional broad interests include biological fluid mechanics and theoretical approaches to the analysis of form and function in organisms. Jonathan B. Loses Professor of Organismic isf Evolutionary Biology Monique & Philip Lehner Professor for the Study of Latin America Curator of Heipetology Prof Losos’ research focuses on the behavioral and evolutionary ecology of lizards, specihcally how lizards interact with their environment and how lizard clades have diversified evolutionarilv. His laboratorv integrates approaches from systematics, ecology, behavior, genetics and functional morphology, taking both observational and experimental approaches in the held and in the laboratory. A.\nl’,\i. Rt;poRT 2013-2014 5 Rose Lincoln Gretchen Ertl Jon Chase FACULTY CURATORS James J. McCarthy Professor of Biological ()ceanog}apliy Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanography Acting Curator of Malacology Prof. McCarthy’s research focuses on factors that regulate the processes of primary production and nutrient supply in the ocean. Through controlled lahoratory studies and held investigations, Prof McCarthy and his group examine the effects of strong seasonal or interannual climate change on marine life and biogeochemical systems. Stephanie E. Pierce Assistant Professor of Organismic Evolutionary Biology Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology Prof Pierce’s research is focused on assessing the link between form and function of the vertebrate skeletal system — especially with respect to muscle/ skeletal interactions during feeding and locomotor beha\iors in modern and extinct animals. Recently, she has been using 3-1) modeling to examine the locomotion of the earliest limbed vertebrates to decipher how their skeletal systems evolved as they made the transition from water to land. Prof Pierce’s primary research focuses on the beha\ioral ecology^ of species interactions, particularly cooperative interactions bettveen plants and their pollinators, and synibio.ses between ants and many different organisms, incltiding bacteria, fungi, plants and caterpillars of btitterflies in the family Lycaenidae. Prof Pierce is interested in how species associations stich as parasitism and mutualism influence the evolutionary trajectories of each partner. Robert M. Woollacott Professor of Biology Curator of Marine Invertebrates Prof Woollacott’s research focuses on aspects of marine invertebrate life history, such as .synchronization of reproductive events and ecology and physiology of larvae. Topics of particular interest include larval dispersal and population connectivity, as well as human impacts on the distribution of marine organisms. 6 Museum of Comparati\'e Zoouxiv Jean-Francois Bertrand EMERITI MCZ Emeriti In Memoriam: Kenneth J. Boss Kenneth Jay Boss, Professor of Biology, Emeritus, and retired Curator of Malacology, passed away on May 22, 2014. Prof. Boss was hired in 1966 during Ernst Mayr’s tenure as Director of the MCZ and curated MCZ’s vast mollusk collection until his retirement in 2004. He regularly taught three courses, including the introductory course. Biology of Invertebrates. Prof. Boss’s research focused on the systematics of mollusks, especially the speciose and ecologically important bivalve families Tellinidae and Vesicomyidae. His most widely cited publication was the 225-page treatment of the Mollusca in the Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms (1982), which provided detailed diagnoses for the 8 classes, 44 orders and 528 families of mollusks and reviewed the higher-level classification of the entire phylum. Prof. Boss contributed extensively to the Occasional Papers on Mollusks and formerly served as editor for Breviora and the Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. In Memoriam: Herbert W. Levi Herbert Walter Levi, Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Emeritus, and retired Curator of Arachnology, passed away on November 3, 201 4. Considered one of the grand arachnologists of the 20**' century. Prof. Levi’s research focused on the taxonomy of New World orb-weaving spiders of the family Araneidae. He wrote numerous articles and taxonomic monographs, as well as the popular guide Spiders and Their Kin, which he co-authored with his wife, Lorna. His research enabled the identification of 1 ,500 species in 66 genera in the Americas, and several species of arachnids are named in his honor. Perhaps Levi’s greatest contribution to the field of arachnology is the generation of arachnologists he supervised, many of whom have become world leaders in the field. Prof. Levi was an editorial board member for the Journal of Arachnology and an elected honorary member of the American Arachnological Society. He served as president of the International Society of Arachnology and, in 2007, won the ISA’s Eugene Simon Award for lifetime achievement for his immense influence on spider research. A. W. “Fuzz” Crompton Faculty-Curator, Emeritus Fisher Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Prof. Crompton, former Curator of Mammalogy, was the Director of the MCZ from 1970 to 1982 and the former Director of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, and the South African Museum, Capetown. His primary research interests are the origin and evolution of mammals, functional anatomy, neural control and evolution of feeding in recent and fossil vertebrates. Prof Crompton received two Guggenheim fellowships for his research on vertebrate paleontology and functional morphology and in 2011 received the Romer-Simpson Medal from the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Richard C. Lewontin Professor of Biology, Emeritus Alexander Agassiz Professor of /.oology. Emeritus An evolutionary geneticist. Prof. Lewontin pioneered the field of molecular poptdation genetics by merging molecular biology and evolutionary theory, as well as the philosophical and social implications of genetics and evolutionary theory. Prof. Lewontin’s current research involves computer simulation and evaluation of statistical tests for selection. Among his many books are The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change, Biology as Ideology: the Doctrine ofDNA; Human Diversity, and The Triple Helix: Gene Organism and Environment. Edward O. Wilson Honorary Curator in Entomology Pellegrino University Professor; Emeritus Prof. Wilson is considered the founder of sociobiology and evolutionary psychology and has developed the basis of modern biodiversity conservation. He has received many of the world’s leading prizes in recognition of his research and environmental activism. He was awarded two Pulitzer Prizes for his books 'The Ants (1990, with Bert Holldobler) and On Human Nature (1978). Prof Wilson received the TED Prize in 2007, where he articulated the concept of the Encyclopedia of Life, and the National Geographic Society’s Hubbard Medal in 2013. Annuai. Report 2013-2014 Thomas Dai Catherine Weisel Courses in 2013-2014 Led by MCZ Facuety'-Curators OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals Organismic and Evolutionary Biology OEB 10: Foundations of Biological Diversity (undergraduate) Brian I). Farrell (and Flena M. Kramer, Andrew Richardson) An integrated a|)|)roacli to the diversitv of life, emphasizing how chemical, physical, genetic, ecological and geologic processes contribute to the origin and maintenance of biological diversitv. OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals (undergraduate) Gonzalo Giribet Introduction to imertebrate diversity, with special emphasis on the broad diversitv of animal forms, their adaptations to different ecosystems and how these phenomena shape animal evolution. OEB 121 a & Human Evolutionary Biology 1210: Re.search in Comparative Biomechanics Seminar (undergraduate and graduate ) Andrew A. Biewener, George Lauder (and Stacey A. Gomhes, Daniel E. Liehernian, Anna G. Warrener) Introduction to exjK*rimental techni(|ues used to investigate the strticture and physiologN' of vertebrates, where each instructor offers research projects that are undertaken in their laboratory. OEB 155r: Biology of Insects (undergraduate and graduate) Naomi E. Pierce (and Michael R. Ganfield) Introduction to the major groups of in.sects — life history, morpholog\-, physiolog)' and ecolog}’ — through a combination of lecture, lab and Held exercises. OEB 57: Animal Behavior (undergraduate) Naomi E. Pierce (and Bence P. Olveczky) A review of the behavior of animals under natural conditions, with emphasis on both mechanistic and evolutionary approaches. OEB 155r: Biology of Insects OEB 157: Global Change Biology (undergraduate and graduate) James j. McGarthy (and Paul R. Moorcroft) Examines how natural and anthropogenic changes in the Earth .system are affecting the composition and the functioning of the world’s land and ocean ecosystems. OEB 167: Herpetology (imdergraduate and graduate) James Elanken, Jonathan B. Losos Introduction to the biologv’ of amphibians and reptiles. Lectures and laboratories examine the morphologv’, systematics, natural history, behavior, ecology, evolutionary relationships and biogeography of all major taxa. OEB 173: Comparative Biomechanics (undergraduate and graduate) Andreiu A. Biewener (and Stacey A. Gomhes) Explores how animals and plants contend with their physical environment, considering their biomaterial properties, structural form and mechanical interactions with the environment. 8 !V1uSEUM of Cf).MPARATI\T!; Z(JCJI.OGY Gonzalo Giribet COURSES OEB 181: Systematics (undergraduate and graduate) Gonzalo Giribet Introduces theory and practice of systematics, emphasizing issues associated with homology statements and alignments, methods of tree reconstruction and hypothesis evaluation. OEB 234: Topics in Marine Biology (graduate) Robert M. Woollacott Examines human impacts on marine life and ecosystems of the sea. OEB 258: Adaptive Radiation and Macroevolution (graduate) Jonathan B. Losos A critical examinadon of the concepts and methods related to the study of adapdve radiation and macroevoludonary diversificadon. OEB 167: Herpetology Graduate Courses of Reading and Research OEB 307: Biomechanics, Physiology and Musculoskeletal Biology Andrew A. Biewener OEB 310: Metazoan Systematics Gonzalo Giribet OEB 320: Biomechanics and Evolution of Vertebrates George V. Lauder OEB 325: Marine Biology Rober t M. Woollacott OEB 334: Behavioral Ecology Naomi E. Pierce OEB 341: Coevolution Brian D. Farrell OEB 345: Biological Oceanography James J. McCarthy OEB 355: Evolutionary Developmental Biology James Hanken OEB 362: Research in Molecular Evolution Scott V. Edwards OEB 367: Evolutionary and Ecological Diversity Jonathan B. Losos OEB 370: Mammahan Evolutionary Genetics Hojn E. Hoekstra OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals Annual Rt:poRT 2013-2014 Zachary Lewis Zachary Lewis Gonzalo Giribet COURSES OEB 51: Biology and Evolution of Invertebrate Animals Environmental Science and Public Policy ESPP 90j: Environmental Crises, Climate Change and Population Flight (undergraduate ) James J. McCarthy (and Jennifer Leaning) Explores the consequences of population flight due to war, drought and famine in which climate change is a contributing factor. Examines the extent and permanence of en\ironmental destruction wrought by these crises, people’s attachment to their homes and ecosystems, the circumstances of departure, the destinations of refuge, and the possibilities for return. OEB 167: Herpetology Freshman Seminar I RS EM R 22t: Why We Animals Sing Brian 1). Farrell Investigates the sounds and strtictures of different kinds of acoustic animals — incltiding birds, mammals, frogs and insects — and the different kinds of habitats in which they produce their songs and calls. Life Sciences LIFESCI lb: An Integrated Introduction to the Life Sciences: Genetics, Genomics and Evolution (undergraduate) Hopi E. Hoekstra (and Maryellen Ruvolo, Kevin C. Eggan, Pardis Sabeti) Demonstrates how genetics and evolution are intimately related using an integrated approach, explaining the patterns of genetic variation we see in nature and how genomics can be used to analyze variation. LIFESCI 2: Evolutionary Human Physiology and Anatomy (undergraduate ) George V. Lander (and Peter T. Ellison, Daniel E. Liebeiman) Explores human anatomy and physiolog)' from an integrated framework, combining functional, comparative and evolutionary perspectives on how organisms work. 10 MuSEU.M of COMPARA'm'E ZoOl.OttY MI—MIP COURSES General Education Science of LKniig Systems 22: Human Influence on Life in the Sea (undergraduate) Robert M. Woollacott, James J. McCarthy 0\er-harvested fish stocks, pollution and anthropogenic climate change affect the stability' and productivity of marine ecosystems. This course asks what we need to know about the causes and effects of anthropogenic change to best protect marine ecosystems and ensure sustainable harvests from the sea. Harvard Extension School and Harvard Summer School BIOS E-225: Human Impacts on Marine Organi.sms and Ecosystems Robert M. Woollacott Examines how anthropogenically driven events are impacting the structure and function of marine communities. BIOS S-74: Marine Life and Ecosystems of the Sea Robert M. Woollacott A review of the life history and adaptations of marine life and the ecosystems of the sea, with emphasis on understanding the fragility and resilience of marine systems in the face of anthropogenically driven perturbations. BIOS S-I58: Study Abroad: Biodiversity of the Dominican Republic Brian D. Farrell Explores the interplay of ecological niches and evolutionary diversification in the organisms and habitats of a tropical island as a microcosm of the evolution of biodiversity on Earth. MCZ History MCZ’s past, present and future were never more closely aligned than in the past year, when the Museum received a new copper roof. For it was copper to which Alexander Agassiz, son of MCZ’s founder Louis Agassiz, owed his vast fortune, which to this day supports most of the Museum’s activities. As Alexander Agassiz wrote to a friend in 1867, “I am going to Michigan for some years as a superintendent of the Calumet and Hecia Mines. I want to make money; it is impossible to be a productive naturalist in this country without money. I am going to get some money if I can and then I will be a naturalist. If I succeed, I can then get my own papers and drawings printed and help my father at the Museum.” By the 1 870s, Agassiz’s mines were responsible for nearly half of all copper produced in the U.S. The original slate roof was replaced with copper in the early 1 900s, by which time Alexander had succeeded his father as the Museum’s second director. Although major repairs were made in the 1 960s, the first copper roof effectively shielded the MCZ for more than 1 00 years. Almost all of the old copper that was removed during the recent installation will be recycled into new copper sheets. A-nnual Ri.port 2013-2014 11 Catherine Weisel Jeremiah Trimble COLLECTIONS Hi(;huc;hts from thk CouixmoNs Restoring the Sparkle to the Blaschka Glass Animals In tlu‘ 1870s and 1880s, l.ropold and RiidoH Blase hka, tlu- lalhci and son c i i-aiors ol Harvard’s (’.lass Flowers, ineticnlonslv sliajjed lifelike j^lass models of marine animals. Renowned for their heantv and exacting detail, the Blaschka models were widely used as teaching models since marine invertebrates, when preserved in spirits, rapidly lost their color and form. To craft the gla.ss animals, the Bla.schkas used small alcohol lam|)s to mold gla.ss rods, tubes and minute pieces of gla.ss, which they later painted. A new exhibition at the Harvard Mnsenm of Natural History, Sea Creatures in Glass, is the culmination of the effort to curate, clean and repair MCZ’s collection of 430 Blaschka invertebrate models. Restorer Elizabeth Brill worked on the models over an eight-year period. Brill cleaned and reas.sembled the models — some of which have more than a hundred parts — and replaced the failed animal- hide glue with reversible, archival adhesive. “Sea Creatures in Glass 'xs a permanent exhibition, but the models will change over time,” says Linda S. Ford, Director of Collections Operations in the MCZ. “Rotating the selection will allow the public to see a greater variet)' of the animal models while also preventing prolonged exposure to light and \ibrations while on display, which can degrade them.” Support for Sea Creatures in G/fliiand the ongoing restoration was made possible by a generous gift in memory of Mehin R. Seiden, 1952, LLB 1955. More information on the exhibition can be found on page 19. Collections Move to the Northwest Building The MCZ’s dry collections continued to move into upgraded, climate-controlled storage facilities in the Northwest Building. Ornithology, Malacolog)', Invertebrate Zoology and Marine Invertebrates completed their relocations in late 2013 and the spring of 2014. MCZ’s Ornithology collection consists of nearly 400,000 specimens. At least 330,000 of these are bird skin specimens, 12,000 are skeletons and 40,000 eggs or nests. “The department made a monumental effort to prepare specimens for the move,” says Jeremiah Trimble, Curatorial Associate for Ornitholog)'. “We reorganized nearly every family of birds, organizing the specimens taxonomically and geographically, and thoroughly cleaned all boxes of eggs and skeletons.” Trimble, Katherine Eldridge, Alison Pirie and Emily Braker prepared for and carried out the move. The Malacology collection consists of around 10 million specimens of dry preserved mollusk shells. “The entire collection was inventoried and completely reorganized from a phylogenetic arrangement to an alphabetical arrangement by family, genns, then species,” says Adam Baldinger, Curatorial Associate for Malacology, Invertebrate Zoolog\’ and Marine Invertebrates. Baldinger, Murat Recevik and Alana Rivera worked on the Malacolog)' move. In addition to Baldinger, the preparation and move of Invertebrate Zoolog\ ’s 5,()0() specimens of dry preserved sponges and Crustacea and Marine Invertebrate’s 50,000 specimens of dry preserved echinoderms and bryozoans were performed by Penny Benson, Jennifer Lenihan, and Jessica Mullen. Museum of Compaiu\ti\'e Zooi.o(;y 12 Jonathan Woodward COLLECTIONS Ichthyology Obtains White Shark In 2012, a fishing boat off the coast of (California inadvertently snared a voting white shark {Carcharodon charcharias) . The one- vear-old shark was brought to the Monterey Bay Aqnaritnn and then sent to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution where a fnll-body CT scan was made of the 5-foot, 94-ponnd specimen After the shark was moved to the University of Massachusetts, Karsten Hartel, Cairatorial Associate, and Andrew Williston, Curatorial Assistant, in the MCZ’s Ichthyolog)' collection, worked with colleagues to obtain tissue samples for DNA plus scale and skin samples for morphology before preserving the shark in formalin and moving it to the MCZ in February 2014. MCZ’s Ichthyology collection contains 3,350 shark specimens. The new white shark is only the third alcohol-preserved George V. Lauder (left) with the specimen of the species in the collection and the first that is fully intact. Because the white shark and members of Ichthyology Department has several new oversized stainless-steel tanks that can hold fish the Ichthyology Department up to eight feet in length, one of their goals has been to obtain this kind of large, rare specimen. Sharks figure significantly in the work of George V. Lauder, Curator of Ichthyology. “Analysis of this new white shark will provide an invaluable contribution to our research,” says Prof. Lauder, “and its size makes it easy to handle for student demonstrations. We’ll be performing genetic studies on the tissue samples, analyzing the shape and structure of the surface scales as part of our work on artificial shark skins, and studying the structure of the tail muscles as part of our research on how' fish move through the water.” Alfred S. Romer’s Medals Find a New Home at the MCZ In September 2013, seven medals awarded to Alfred Sherwood Romer were donated to the MCZ on behalf of the Romer family by his son Robert H. Romer, Professor of Physics, Emeritus, Amherst College. Dr. Romer (1894-1973) was a dominant figure in vertebrate paleontology throughout the 20^’’ century. Romer’s major research contributions dealt with the ancestry of vertebrates. Paleozoic tetrapods and the antecedents of mammals. During his career, Romer published more than 200 papers and books on vertebrate paleontolog)', anatomy and evolution. He was appointed Professor of Zoology and Curator of ’Vertebrate Paleontology at Harvard in 1934 and Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology from 1947 to 1965. He served as MCZ’s director from 1946 to 1961. Romer’s medals include five Mary Clark Thompson Medal, 1954, and the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal, 1956, from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences; the XVI International Congress of Zoology Medal, 1963; the Penrose Medal, 1962, from the Geological Society of America; the Linnean Medal, 1972, from the Linnean Society of London; an Honorary Member Medal, 1970, from the Fundacion Miguel Lillo (Argentina); and the Wollaston Medal, 1973, from the Geological Society of London. They are currendy on display in die Ernst Mayr Library’s Special Collecdons. Alfred S. Romer AuNnual Report 2013-2014 13 Ernst Mayr Library Archives Evan Kingsley James Weaver Justin Ide MCZ NEWS MCZ Ri-skarcii M\rin(; Hfadunks Marine Origins of Land Limbs rll)()\vs and partial wrists, wliic lt would haw allowed it to suppoit itself On land. But the fossils initially deserihed in l^OOti did not iiu hide its posterior. Recent investigation of lo.ssil blocks retrieved during the original and snbse(|uent excavations rewealed the ini.ssing rear portion of the liklaalik specimen. Analysis of the Tiklaalik pelvis shows that while still fishlike, it was larger and similar in size to the shoulder gii die, as in tetrapods. it had a ball-and-socket hip joint connected to a highly mobile femur that could extend beneath its body. Crests on the hip for muscle attachment indicated strength and advanced fin function. I hese findings suggest that the transition from the “front-wheel drive” offish to the “all- wheel drive” of land dwellers occurred in the ocean. The paper, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, comjjletes the work begun by Prof. Jenkins before his death in 2012. Did hind limbs c‘\olve in vertebrates on land or in the water, and which limbs c'volved first? It has been widely belicwed that this important transition from fish to tetrapod — fonr-lc*gged creatures capable of walking — occurred on land. However, research by Neil Shubin, Edward Daeschler and the late Parish A. Jenkins, Jr. indicates otherwise. Farish Jenkins with a model of Tiktaalik roseae In 2004, the team made the groundbreaking discovery of Tiktaalik roseae, the 375-million- year-old ini.ssing link between fish and land animals, in the Canadian Arctic. Growing up to nine feet long, Tiktaalik was a lobe-finned fish that looked like a cross between a fish and a crocodile and hunted in shallow freshwater environments. Tiktaalik had transitional features like a mobile neck, robust ribcage and primitive lungs. Its large foreHns had shoulders, .Shubin NH, Daeschler EB, Jenkins F.\ (2014) I’elvic girdle and fin of Tiktaalik roseae. PXAS 1 1 1 :89;i-S99. Lucky Number Seven In vertebrates, the fastest sperm gets to fertilize the egg. In a number of species, the sperm cooperate. Joining together in groups to improve their swimming performance. But how does this work? Heidi S. Fisher, Hopi E. Hoekstra and colleagues developed a mathematical model to predict the performance of the sperm groupings of two closely related species, the promi.scuons deer mouse, Perornyscus rnaniculatiis, and the monrjgamons oldfield mouse, Perornyscus polionotus. They then directly observed live sperm to validate their model. Their findings were published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B. In both species of mice, the researchers found that the optimal grouping is .seven sperm cells — larger aggregates tend to form more star-shaped structures, forcing the cells to .swim against each other and decreasing performance. Interestingly, these ideal groups of seven didn’t actually swim with greater speed. Their success occurred because they swim in a straighter path, thereby reaching their goal more rapidly. However, the species differed in how often their sperm groups reached the magic number seven. In the monogamous oldfield mouse, aggregates form a greater range of .sizes. In the deer mouse, where the females mate with multiple males, sperm tended to form the ideal group size more often. This suggests that in the more competitive world of deer mice, sexual .selection favors tho.se individuals that can more consistently create the optimum group of sperm. Fi.sher HS, (iiomo L, Hoekstra HE, Maliadevan F (2014) The dynamics of 'sperm cooperation in a competitive environment. P Kos Sor B 28 1 :20 1 40296. 14 Museum of Gomiar.atix'e Zooi.o(;\- Sarah Kocher MCZ NEWS: RESEARCH Swim Like an (Artificial) Shark Shark skin isn’t smooth. It’s covered with millions of microscopic toothlike scales, or denticles. Scientists have hypothesized that these denticles disrupt the flow of water over the surface of the shark, reducing drag and improNing speed and efficiency. Now, for the first time, George V. Lauder and colleagues have constructed a biologically realistic shark skin using 3-D printing and studied its effects on swimming performance. The researchers constructed a 3-D model of the pattern of denticles on the skin of a shortfin mako (Isuriis oxyrinchus) using micro-CT scanning, and modeled the hook- like structure of a single denticle in minute detail. The team then faced significant challenges in manufacturing the artificial shark skin, which required creating rigid denticles and embedding them, in an overlapping pattern, in a flexible substrate that could bend and flex like real skin. Accomplishing this feat required a year of testing with a 3-D printer that could work with multiple materials, but they finally succeeded. They studied the artificial skill’s perfbrmauce u.sing a robotic flajiping device and smooth-skinned control. At lower swimming speeds, the artificial skin on a static surface reduced drag by 8.7% and improved speed by 6.(3%. Interestingly, at higher speeds, the drag on the rigid surface increased and speed slowed. However, when the surface was allowed to flex like a shark’s skin when it swims, the speed again increased by 6.6%. The ability to manufacture and study artificial shark skin — and manipulate its properties — could lead to improved performance in swimming robots and other applications. Prof. Lauder, Li Wen and James Weaver described their manufacturing process and findings in The Journal of Experimental Biology. Wvn L, Weaver JC, Lauder GV (2014) Bioniinietic .shark skin: design, fabrication and hydrodynamic function. J Exp Biol 217:1656-1666. Social Behavior May Be in Their Genes In evolutionary biology, social behavior represents a major transition from an individual to a coordinated group. Honeybees are a well-documented example of a complex coordinated society, with social castes that perform specific tasks like gathering food or caring for the young. However, the vast majority of bees are not social but solitary, and one special type of bee, Lasioglossum albipes, can be either. Lasioglossum albipes is a halictid bee, also known as a “sweat bee.” It is solitary in inland France and Germany, but social in southwestern France. Experiments have shown that the bees exhibit the same behavior when raised in the lab as in the wild, which suggests their social behavior may have an underlying genetic component. Postdoctoral fellow Sarah Kocher sequenced the genome of this bee — the first bee genome since the honeybee — for both a social and a solitary individual. Comparing genomes of the same species with different social behavior should prov e especially useful in investigating the forces that have shaped the evolution of that behavior. For example, differences in the olfactory genes, which can be used to recognize nest mates or specific castes, suggest the role that odor receptors play in the development of social behavior. Initial analyses are yielding intriguing clues that point to further research into the underlying genetic components of the evolution of social behavior. Dr. Kocher was the lead author of the paper published in Genome Biology. Co-authors included Hopi E. Hoekstra and Naomi E. Pierce. Kocher SD, Li C, \ang W, Tan H, Yi SV, ^'ang X, Hoekstra HE, Zhang G. Pierce NE, Yu DW (2013) The draft genome of a socially polymoiphic halictid bee, Lasioglossum albipes. Cimotm BiollA.VA 42. Sarah Kocher Tillie Center Papers, Scripps Institution of Mary Caswell Stoddard David Kjaer Oceanography Archives, UC San Diego MCZ NEWS: RESEARCH Collaboration Highlights Bryozoan Biologists Since 2(K)>S, Robert \V(K)llacx)tt. l’rolc‘\soi o( Bi( )k )g\ iUidC ’.ur.iu >i ( )lM;uii u- 1 1 nenc'hr.ties, ;uui Man- Sears. I Ic'ad of Ikiblic .Sc-nicc-s ;uid Rc-lereiue 1 jbr.ui;ui for tlie Kmst Ma\i I ba\e c(KUilJioic‘d tlircv I iiograj )1 1 ic‘s of biologists who siudit'd bnozoiuis, a pin lui n of iineilebraies. riieir collalxH'atioii highlights les.st“i-kno\Mi re.seiurhei's who made im]X)il;un coniiibutions, but whose' work renniins underappreciated. In 2(X)8, diey chronicled .\lice Rolx'itson (1849-1922), one of' die few women .schoku>; in etu'ly ,-\mericiui mtuine biolog\- Rolx’itson, a profe.s.sor at Wellesley C'x:>llege, worked on identification of bn-ozotui specimens from die 1906 MCiZ Albatirm expedition. Her main contiibutions, however, lav in pioneering studies of bn ozotm fatma of die west coast of Nordi .America and of die e\ ents in pohembnony, or “identical twinning,” in a aclostome br\-ozotui — a phenomenon now recognized to be ubiquitoits diroughout die order C Aclostoniatida. Alice Robertson, 1904 (front row, third from left) llieii 201 1 biogiaphy highligbts \N illi.un I.\nch ( l‘X)r>-I9(')0), a Ronuui (adiolic piic-st who was a profi's.sor at St .Ambrose (x)llege in Iowa ;uid rc'st'iucher at WixxLs I lole, Mas.s;u husetts. I lis woi k centered on the Ix'haiior ;uid meuunoiphosisof brxozoiui hu \ae ;uid latei exjKuided to include the hu \a of ;ui ascidiiui. Hie 2014 pa]X'i featui'es lienjiunin I huTison ( iraxe ( 1878-1949), a Qiuiker who was a profes.sor at several collt'ges in Wxoming ;uid die Midwest Ciraxe had dixei-se interests ranging from die effect of agiicultuial dexelopment on fhignientation of die prairie habitat ;uid its consequences fioraxiiui fitunal coni|X)sition to die establishment of niiuine fouling communities at Wexxis Hole. Tliese latter studies also touched on die role of sjxcies intuKluctions tuid dieir establishment oi‘ rejection xxidiin a recipient communitx'. Reseiurh is presendy underxxax- fiir a 2017 biogniphx'. Tlie original aiticles aui Ix' foiuid in die Annals of B\naix)log\' (Wxse Jackson P, S[xnst'r Jones M, eds) Inteniational Brx'ozcxilogiad . As.se K'iation, Trinitx’ CkiUege: Dublin, Irehuid. Egg Signatures Thwart Cuckoo Invaders A reed warbler caring for a much larger cuckoo chick The common cuckoo (Cunilus canorns) lays its eggs in the nests of other bird species, duping them into raising the chicks as their oxvii. Cuckoo chicks hatch first, destroring their nest mates to become the onlv offspring of their adoptixe parents. To avoid detection, the cuckoo has exolved the abilitv' to mimic the egg markings of the host species. In defense, the host birds have developed pigmentation patterns that allow them to recognize their oxxii eggs, identifi- intruders and renioxe them from the nest. The manner in which the birds recognize these markings, hoxvex er, has been poorly understood. Postdoctoral fellow Mary Caswell Stoddard and colleagues studied hundreds of eggs from eight host species, including the cuckoo eggs laid in their midst. The researchers dexeloped a computer vision tool called N.vtl'RkP.viternMatcm, derived from sophisticated softxvare used for facial recognition and image stitching programs, to analyze the xisual patterns on the host birds’ eggs, adjusting for the xvay birds see and hoxv their brains are thought to process this information. They found that the host species most intensely targeted by the cuckoo haxe exolxed the most identifiable pattern signatures. And in these signatures, complexity is not as desirable as supposed. It seems that, beyond a certain point, increased complexity renders the pattern less recognizable. Their research was published in Nature Communications. .Stoddard MC, Kilncr RM, Town C (2014) Pattern recognition algorithm re\eal.s how birds ex'olve indiudnal egg pattern signatures. Nature ('«t«m,5:41 17. 16 ■Ml’sel'm of Comraxatixt Zoology MCZ NEWS Projects Sc Initiatives MCZ Awarded NSF Grants for Digitization Projects Centunes of discovery document the dhersin- of life on Earth. Records of diat biodhersit)’ are, for the most part, in vtu ied and distinct natural history collections, making ttssessing die inforniadon a difficult titsk. Ehe National Science Foundadon (NSF), through its Advancing Digiu/ation of Biological Collecdons progi~am, is responding to the need for gieatei accessibility' of' biological collecdons data by awtu ding grants to projects that contribute to developing a nadonal resource of digiuil data that documents existing biological and paleontological collecdons, which will become an imporuint tool in understimding contemporary biological issues and challenges. Brian D. Farrell, Principal Investigator, was supported for the Harvard component of the project, F(m/7 Insect Collaborative: A Dee{)-Titne Afyfnoach to Studying Diversification and Response to Etwironrnentcd Change. Fossil insects proride a unique deep-dme record of ecological and evolutionary response to pttst environmental changes and, therefore, are invaluable for understanding the impacts of climate change on the current biodiversity'. Given models of future climate change and the important role that insects play in human society (biodiversity, pests, pollinadon, vectors of disease), the ability to access these daUi and make predicdons about future insect populations becomes even more urgent. The Fossil Insect Collaborative, based at the University of Colorado, Boulder, will create electi onic .specimen records for all the major U.S. fossil insect collections and make them broadly accessible through the project website and a central site, iDigPaleo. Mobile apps and acdvities will also be developed. Principal Invesdgator Naomi E. Pierce received a Partners to Existing Network (PEN) grant to complement the Southwest Collecdons of Ai thropods Network (SCAN) Themadc Collecdon Network. SCAN is a museum collaboradve digitizing specimen informadon for ground-dwelling insects and close relatives, and the MCZ will contribute experdse in the identificadon and digidzadon of ants. More than 90,000 .specimens of ants from the American Southw'est will be imaged, digidzed and made available online. The project will benefit sciendsts studying biodiversity and the responses of ant species to climate change in the Southwest, and non-scientists seeking to idendfy' their species. The broader impacts of this project, led by the Encyclopedia of Life’s Learning -t Education group, also based at the MCZ, will focus on the Navajo Nation, where researchers from the MCZ, Navajo sciendsts and student interns have collected more than 15,000 ants. Encyclopedia of Life educators will train Navajo graduate students to use EOL tools and resources and will joindy create Navajo-appropriate educational resources, including a downloadable field gidde to the ants of the Navajo Nation. James Hanken, Principal Invesdgator, received support for the HiU'Viu cl component of die project, hwertEBase: Reaching Back to See the Future: Species-rich Invertebrate Faunas Doniment Causes and Consequences of Biodiversity Shifts. Rapid biodiversity change has significant effects on essendal ecosystem .services, and exploding populadons of invasive species direaten water and land habitiiLs, potendaUy impacdng U.S. natural resources. Easv access to experdy vetted baseline data will support the protecdon of die nadon’s namral resources and improve the capacity for effecdve restoradon, land management planning mid conservadon management. The goal of this four-year collaboradve project is die rapid digidzadon of more than two million specimens and locadon data from ten arthropod and mollusk collecdons housed at six major U.S. museums. This project will significandy automate specimen daui capture by udlizing opdcal character and voice-recognidon technologies. Numerous undergi aduate studeiiLs will receive ti iiining in digidzadon technologies, and die digitized data from this project will be immediately deployed for habitat-based disuibudon modeling and analyses. A modulai' exhibit will also be developed to engage public interest in biodiversity changes. All data resulting from these awards will be available through the national resource iDigBio.org and MCZbase, the Museum database. Annu.vl Report 2013-2014 17 u Jonathan Woodward ’CZ NEWS: PROJECTS & INITIATIVES Encyclopedia of Life In collahoratioii with ilu* Kiuvdopi'dia of I. iff (eoi.org), Jessica Rykken, MCZ Associate in Kntoinolog%, developed a set of Bee Observer C^ards designed to foster tlie art and science of Observing nature bv focusing on tlie key traits and behaviors that make different liee species unique. Tlie Bee Oliserver Cards were distrilnited to 30 national parks in siijjport of tlie grant Multiregional Kx'olualion of Poll in a I or Response to Climate Change in Critical Habitats, and enthusiastic re\iews with links to these cards have appeared on many pollinator websites. The cards are available at eol.org/info/ disc_observer. The EOT Learning + Education group was awarded a Department of Defense Education Acthity (DoDE.A) grant. The lead institution is the Okaloosa Countv School District in Florida, where around 30% of the students are from military families. “Okaloosa S.C.I.E.N.C.E.” will pro\'ide students with opportunities to learn about local ecosystems and hiodiversiU’ — and human impacts thereon — and partic ipaie in projects to monitor, conserve and pieserve those eco.systems. EOT resonrces and tools will he used in .S I E.M (.Science, ^eclntolog^, Engineering and .Math) learning and in support of an annual BioBlit/, a hiodiversitv survey where students and their families work alongside .scientists. I'C Davis and the .MCZ were awarded NSE funding for their proposal Kurator: .3 Provenance-enabled Workflow Platjorm and Toolkit to Curate Biodiversity Data, designed to foster jtuhlic participation in data-cleaning projects. The EOT Learning + Education group will coordinate development, testing and use of tools, services and learning modules created through the project. The MCZ-supported One Species at a Time podcast series (podcast.eol.org/podcast) Wits listed its one of 7 Essential Public Riidio STE.M Education Re.sources on the Public Riidio Exchange blog. EOL is partnering with ListenCurrent and the Encyclopedia of Earth to create lesson plans around the podcasLs. Ernst Mayr Library and MCZ Archives A key goal will he to improve searching and retiieval in digitized historic literature. Hi.stoiic literature, especially handwiitten field notes and hordcultural catalogs, cannot he accurately transcribed using optical character recognition (OCR) software. “Puiposeful Gaming intends to demonstrate that digital games are an excellent tool for analyzing and improving digital outpuLs from OCR and tran.scripdon acdvides because large numbers of users can be harnessed quickly and efficiendy to focus on the review and correction of pardculaiiy prohlemadc The Ernst Mayr Library is paruieiing on Puiposeful Gaming, a project that will use die U anscription of historical documents to test a crowdsourcing game. The project is led by die Missouri Botanical Garden and supported by an Insdtute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) National Leadership Grant. words when die task is presented as a game,” says Connie Rinaldo, Librarian of the Ernst Mayi' Librai y, who — ^widi Joe de Veer, head of technical services at Ernst Mayr — is leading the project in the MCZ. Volunteers will create inidal transcripdons of the original notebooks and electronic images of the dituies of William Brewster; a late-19''’- and earlv-20'*'-centurv ornithologist/ naturalist, which were digidzed with the support of a previous IMLS Nadonal leadership Grant. Two video games will be developed to compare problematic words in die documeiiLs — one with minimal ganieplay features for the more alu iiisdc volunteer, and the other with more gaming features that will he engaging for players who might not be interested in natural history. 18 Museum of CoMPAR.\mT Zoology Kr/s Snibbe Catherine Weisel MCZ NEWS: PROJECTS & INITIATIVES Sea Creatures in Glass Oil May 24, 2014, tlic Harvard Museum ol Natural History opened Sen Creatures in Class, a ]iermaueiU exhibition that showcases the M(y/s collection of Blaschka glass marine invertebrates. These magnificent models were created as 19‘'‘-century teaching tools, and they are as anatomicallv accurate as they are beautiful. Delicate jellyfish and anemones, octopus, tentacled squid, bizarredooking sea slugs, or nudibranchs, and other sof't-bodied sea creatures captured in glass are a sparkling testament to the legacy of' Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka. The permanent exhibit features a rotating selection of 60 of the MCZ’s 430 newly restored Blaschka invertebrate models, many on public display for the first time. Sea Creatures in Glass is made possible by a generous gift in memory of Melvin R. Seiden, AB 1952, LLB 1955. Final Flight: The Extinction of the Passenger Pigeon Passenger pigeons {Ectopistes migratorius) were once extraordinarily abundant in North America. Reports from the 1800s recount flocks that could darken the sky with their number, and some believe they were the most abundant bird on Earth. But by the 20'*’ century, the birds disappeared in one of the most dramatic extinedons caused by humans. The Harvard Museum of Natural History exhibit Final Flight marked the 100*^ anniversary of the death of Martha, the last passenger pigeon, in 1914 at the Cincinnati Zoo. The exhibit included two mounted specimens donated by William Brewster, Curator of Mammals and Birds at the MCZ, in 1917. Loss of the passenger pigeon prompted the passage of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act in 1918, which made it illegal to hunt, kill or capture at-risk bird species. This legislation served as a template for other laws, including the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Extinction of the Passenger Pigeon When the RrM Europeons loncled on ihe shores of North Americo, billions of Postenger Kgoons filled the skies. Mony believe they were once the most obundont bird on Eorth. 6y thebeginnir of the 20fh century, they hod become o mere memory. Humon hands reduced populMion, lo a >ingl. individuol- o (•mol. .“"•'■“■''‘'-'■“'•"Po.Mc.ho, jiumu Thoreau’s Maine Woods: A Journey in Photographs with Scot Miller In commemoration of the 150'*' anniversary of the publication of Henry David Thoreau’s The Maine Woods, the Harvard Museum of Natural History hosted an exhibition of prints by noted photographer Scot Miller, who spent years tracing Thoreau’s steps with his camera. Miller’s stunning images reflect much of what Thoreau saw in his Maine Woods journeys and also document contemporary change in one of the most remote and magnificent “wild” places in the continental U.S. Striking specimens from the MCZ’s Mammalogy' and Ornithology collections grace Thoreau ’v Maine Woods', white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) , American black bear cub ( Ursus ameiicanus) , Eastern gray squirrel {Seiurus carolinensis) , yellow- shafted Northern flicker (Colaptes auratus) and a common raven {Corvus corax). The exhibition, made possible by the financial support of Dr. John Freedman, AB 1984, will remain on display until February 2015. A.\nu.ai. Rkport 2013-2014 19 Catherine Weisel Stephanie Mitchell Awards 8c Ri-,c()(;Nrn()N 1 Brian D. Farrell Emeritus Edward O. Wilson was presented with the Franklin Founders Award in recognition of his lifetime of work in the natural sciences and his insights into the genetic basis of the social beliaxior of animals. The award was given during the Celebration! Benjamin Franklin, /•bu«rfcrfesti\ities in Philadelphia, honoring Franklin’s 308'^ birthday. Andrew A. Biewener Faculty Andrew A. Biewener was appointed Chair of the NIH Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Sciences grant review' studv section for 2014—2015. Brian D. Farrell was named the Director of the Dax’id Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies. Prof Farrell has conducted extensive molecular and ecological research on beetles and other insects in the region, and hopes to strengthen scientific ties beuveen Harvard and Mexico, the Caribbean, and the nations of Central and South America. James Hanken w’tts invited to be Chief Guest at die Internadonal Peradeniya University Reseai'ch Se.s.sions (iPL^RSE), Ktmdy, Sii Lanka. Hopi E. Hoekstra was awarded a Harvard College Professorship, which recfignizes excellence in undergi aduate education. HoeksU a also received the Spark Award from W'omen in Science at Hai \ ard-Radcliffe for continually inspiring young women in science. Museum of Co.mrvrative Zooi.o(;y I Staff Judith Chupa.sko, Curatorial .Associate in .Mammalogi', and Kenneth Wilcox. Building Superintendent at the Concord Field Station, were each honored by 1 larvard foi 25 years of service to the Universitv. Linda S. Ford. Director of (iollections Operations, was elected President-Elect for SPN'l 1C (Society for the Pre.servation of Natural History Collections) and was invited to be on the External .Adrisorv Board to iDigBio (Integrated Digitized Biocollections), the NSF-fnnded National Resource for Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections (ADBC). < Bridget Power, Eaculty/Colleclions Assistant, j received a Dean’s Distinction Awat d, which recognizes outstanding citizenship and exceptional contributions in support of the ' Eaculty' of Aits and Sciences’ mi.ssion. ' Connie Rinaldo, Ernst Mayr Librarian, received an Impact Award for her sustained, , superior performance and excejitional effectiveness in the Eaculty' of .\i us and Sciences. Bridget Power Postdoctoral Fellows Christina Riehl received the Cooper Ornithological Society Young Professional Aw'ard, which recognizes early-career ornithological researchers for their ouLsUmding conuibutions to ornithology. 20 Catherine Weisel Christofer Clemente HONORS I Mary Caswell Stoddard Mary Caswell (Cassie) Stoddard was honored with a 2013 L’Oreal USA Fellowship for Women in Science, a program that parmers with the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) to recognize and reward five outstanding U.S.-based post- doctoral women researchers. Graduate Students Emily Jacobs-Palmer received the Derek C. Bok Award for Excellence in Graduate Student Teaching of Undergraduates. Zachary Lewis received the E.E. Williams Award from the Herpetologist’s League and the Harvard University Certihcate of Distinction in Teaching. Hillery Metz was awarded an American Association for University W’omen Eellowship. Talia Moore received a Deakin-Royce (iraduate Research Fellowship in .Australian Studies to support her research on the locomotor ecology of desert marsupial hopping mice. Moore also received the Harvard University Gertificate of Distinction in Teaching. Martha Munoz recei\ed the Raymiond B. Huey Award for the Best Student Presentation in the Division of Ecology and Evolution at the 2014 Society of Integrative and Gomparative Biology meeting. Elizabeth Sefton was a recipient of the Vessa Notchev Fellowship, sponsored by the Sigma Delta Epsilon/Graduate Women in Science. Animation by Ariana Kam Allison Shultz received the American Ornithologists’ Union Student Presentation Award. Undergraduates Ariana Kam’s animation of “Genetics of Mouse Burrowing’’ was recognized by Harvard’s Program in General Education and was awarded a Con ant Prize honoring creative pedagogical innovations. Graduating seniors Georgia Shelton and Tanner Strickland were awarded Thomas Temple Hoopes Prizes for their senior theses: “The biodiversity of the bees at the Arnold Arboretum” (Shelton) and “Lizards bridging the gap: Phylogeography of the Puerto Rican crested anole {Anolis cristatellus) across the Puerto Rican Bank” (Strickland). Strickland also received a Harvard Herchel Smith Undergraduate Research Fellcjwship. Judith Chupasko Talia Moore A.\.\l ai. Report 2013-2014 21 Matthias Markolf Travis Ingram Kate Velssis Rachel Moon MCZ Gr.\nt Ri.cii> lENTS Academic YtAR 2013-2014 I 1 Grants in Aid of Undergraduate Research (GUR) riiesc gi ants support rescarcli by 1 larvard muk‘rgraduatc*s under faciiltv supervision. Prioriu is given to projects that iitili/,e MCZ, Harvard I’niversity Hei haria (Hl'H) and •Arnold Arboretum {AA) researcli collections, laboratories and facilities. Support for these grants comes from the MCZ’s Mwanw M. and (ieorge M. Dick .Scholarship for Students, Hl'Hand.AA. Recipient Faculty Sponsor/ Academic Dept. Project Title Amount Emily A. Burke Gonzalo Giribet/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Phylogeography of Bdeilouridae $2,144 Inanna L. Carter Charles C. Davis/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Insect herbivore community of Hawaiian Lobelioideae $2,500 Stephanie N. Caty Lauren O'Connell/ Center for Systems Biology Investigating enzymes involved in poison frog toxicity $1,500 Thomas Dai Naomi E. Pierce/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology A comparative study of UV reflectivity and androconial structures in lycaenid and riodinid butterflies $2,000 Taras B. Dreszer Gonzalo Giribet/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Describing a new species of harvestmen and developing a new imaging technique for the taxon $1,645 Sally Gee Elizabeth Wolkovich/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Trees, traits and the future of North American forests with climate change $2,010 Kimberly B. Johansson Cassandra Extavour/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Interrogation of cricket germ line development by Vasa transgenic analyses $2,500 Sang II Kim Brian D. Farrell/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Phylogeny of world stag beetles may reveal the Gondwanan origin of Darwin’s beetle: testing Jenneal’s hypothesis $2,385 Mikhaila C. Marecki George V. Lauder/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology What is the function of the Aw muscle in Chauliodus sloani jaw adduction? $2,500 Jenna R. McGugan Lauren O’Connell/ Center for Systems Biology Dietary contributions to chemical defenses in the little devil frog, Oophaga sylvatica $1,500 Emily A. Mistick Stacey Combes/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Aerodynamic effects of passive vein-joint deformation in hymenopteran wings $2,160 Rachel M. Moon Jonathan B. Losos/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology The effects of anthropogenic habitat change on territorial behavior in the brown anole lizard $2,500 Li E.K. Murphy Naomi E. Pierce/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Ventilation in overwintering honeybee colonies $2,500 Johnny L. Police Kirsten Bomblies/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Developing neutral evolution models for tetraploid population genetics in Arabidopsis and Mimulus $2,500 Taylor E. Reiter Terence Capellini/ Human Evolutionary Biology Evolutionary and functional implications of selective pressures on amylase in canines and humans $2,500 22 MuSEU.M of Co.VIP.VRATIM!; ZoCJt.OGY A r GRANTS Recipient Faculty Sponsor/ Academic Dept. Project Title Amount Valentina S. Rodriguez Donald Pfister/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Diversity and biology of Orbilia xeric species in Massachusetts $2,466 Claire D. Stolz James Hanken/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Tracing the origin of squamate viviparity through eggshell analysis $2,500 Alexandra Stote George V. Lauder/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Participation in the 2014 conference of the Society for Integrative & Comparative Biology $500 Tanner R. Strickland Jonathan B. Losos/ Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Gene flow and divergence among populations of Anolis cristatellus across the Puerto Rican Bank ! $1,243 1 Jennifer L. Wong Richard W. Wrangham/Human Evolutionary Biology Suckling behavior in juvenile red colobus of Kibale, Uganda 1 $2,000 1 Total Awards $41,553 I Miyata Grants The Ken Miyata Fund for Field Research Awards are intended to enable herpetological fieldwork by MCZ graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Non-herpetological fieldwork may be eligible when there are no deserving herpetological projects. These grants are made possible by a gift from Dr. Barbara Jil Wu, PhD 1981, and Mr. Eric Larson, AB 1977. Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount Katherine E. Boronow Herpetology investigating personality in a globally invasive lizard, Anolis sagrei $4,800 Kadeem J. Gilbert Entomology The ecology and evolution of Nepenthes- anuran symbioses; Nepenthes oxygenation $6,440 Mara Laslo Herpetology Maternal hormones in direct-developing Eleutherodactylus coqui $2,915 Total Awards $14,155 Robert G. Goelet Summer Research Awards Goelet Awards support MCZ graduate student summer research projects. Funds support travel to field sites and related subsistence expenses incurred in pursuit of research objectives. These grants are made possible through a gift from Mr. Robert G. Goelet. Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount Elizabeth Sefton Herpetology Transgenic Xenopus lines for mesoderm and neural crest fate-mapping $500 Total Awards $500 AnnU/U. Rkport 2013-2014 23 Travis Ingram Li Murphy Bridget Irvine Analia Lanteri Nikhil Modak Analia Lanteri Meaghan Emery T GRANTS Ernst Mayr Travel Grants in Animal Systematics Knisi Ma\r (irants support trawl lor ifscairli in animal s\^trmati('s and air o|H-n to tlit* m initifit c'omimmitv woiidwiclr. The princ ipal ohjc't tiw of tlu‘sc‘ j^r.mts is to stimulate* taxonomic work on iu*glc*ctc*d ULxa and/or pooi ly dcsc rilH'd specie's. Krnst Ma\r (ir.mts npicallv lae ilitate* \isit.s to institutional colk'ctions. with j)re‘le're'nct* giwn to re*se‘arch that use's M( iZ’s eollc'c tions. riu'se* granl.s art* made* possible* hv a gift lie)m 1’rofe's.sor and lot ine'i MCZ l)ire*ctor Krnst .\la\r. Recipient Institutional Affiliation Project Title Amount Timothy J. Anderson Purdue University Review of the species limits for the lichen moth genus Hypoprepia (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini) ’ $1,500 Juan Francisco Araya Araya Universidad de Chile, Santiago Biodiversity of Chilean Mollusca $1,500 Stephen M. Baca University of Kansas Review of the burrowing water beetles (Coleoptera: Noteridae) of the New World $1,500 Viktor Baranov Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Non-biting midges (Diptera; Chironomidae) of the Faroe Islands: fauna and taxonomy $1,000 Manuel Alejandro Barrios Izas Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico A taxonomic monograph of a new Mesoamerican leaf litter weevil genus (Coleoptera; Molytinae, Conotrachelini), with notes on its phylogeny $1,500 Oleksii Bidzilia Kiev Taras Shevchenko National University A taxonomic study of Gelechiidae deposited at Ditsong National Museum of Natural History, with special consideration of types $1,440 Bonnie B. Blaimer Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Resolving the Crematogaster castanea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species complex in southern and eastern Africa $1,500 Arthur E. Bogan North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences Verification of types of freshwater gastropods in the family Pleuroceridae $730 Patricia Cabezas- Padilla Brigham Young University A hard shell to crack: the taxonomic puzzle of pagurid hermit crabs $1,100 Pablo Matias Dellape Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET Systematic revisions of the genera Anomaloptera Amyot & Serville and Nysius StSi $1,500 Maria Guadalupe del Rio Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET Systematics on the weevil tribe Naupactini (Coleoptera) $1,500 Meaghan M. Emery University of Oregon Character variability in modern Artiodactyla and implications for fossil taxonomy $1,098 David M. General University of Philippines at Los Banos Revision of Calomyrmex (Formicidae: Formicinae) and of the Philippine species of Myopias (Formicidae: Ponerinae) $1,500 Grey T. Gustafson The University of New Mexico Revision of the southeast Asian whirligig beetle genus Porrorhynchus Laport, 1 834 $1 ,500 Yoalli Quetzalli Hernandez-Di'az Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Phylogenetic revision of the genus Ophiothrix Muller & Troschel, 1840 (Echinodermata; Ophiuroidea) with emphasis on species distributed in the western Atlantic $1 ,500 1 1 1 Garrett B. Hughes University of Arizona Exploring the taxonomy of pseudoscorpions from under-sampled localities $1 ,500 Zeehan Jaafar Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Systematic revision of Oxudercine gobies and evolution of terrestrial ity in fishes $1,140 24 I I Museum of CoMR\R.vn\'E Zooi.oc;\ Barry Brown '4. GRANTS Recipient Institutional Affiliation Project Title Amount Jacqueline Karras The University of New South Wales Systematics, morphometries and coevolution of grass-inhabiting lygaeoid true bugs (Insecta; Heteroptera) and evolution of host affiliated traits $1 ,500 Sang II Kim Harvard University Systematic review of the Dorcus velutinus species group (Lucanidae: Coleoptera) through an integrative taxonomic approach $1,200 Analia Alicia Lanteri Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET Systematics of weevils of the Pantomorus- Naupactus complex (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae) $1,500 Thomas C. McElrath University of Georgia Revision of Bactridium, LeConte 1861 $1,460 Nikhil Sujat Modak Mes’ Abasaheb Garware College, India Examination of specimens of the genus Indirana from the Natural History Museum, London and Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris $1,500 Anna A. Namyatova The University of New South Wales Revision and systematics of the paleotropical genus Felisacus (Heteroptera: Miridae) $1,200 Francisco Andres Rivera Quiroz Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Several new species of Theridiidae (Araneae: Araneomorphidae) from a tropical forest in Mexico $1,500 Tatiana Alejandra Sepulveda Villa Universidad Federal do Parana, Brazil Revision, cladistic and biogeographic analysis of Neriidae (Diptera) $1,450 Lidianne Salvatierra Paz Triguerio Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia and The George Washington University Simon, Petrunkevitch & O.P.-Cambridge collection: examination of Miagrammopes types from Natural History Museum, London $1,500 Daniela Yepes- Gaurisas Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Review and phylogeny of the genus Ophiozonella Matsumoto, 1915 (Ophiuroidae: Ophiolepididae) based in morphological characters p$1,450 Rita 1. Velez South Dakota State University Examination of specimens of Ptiloglossa (Colletidae: Diphaglossinae) contained at the Pe. Moure’s Collection in Brazil ' $1,303 1 1 1 Total Awards $38,571 Julien Ayroles Julianne Pelaez Sarah Kocher Sarah Lerner James Crall GRANTS Putnam Expedition Grants I’uinain Kxprdiiiun ('.rants air inu-iuli-d to suppoi t MC/, lat nltv-< uraioi s, postdot lural follows and {ijraduatf stiidonts in toilet tin^ spot iinons anti tlata ifl.itin}' to tiu* stndv t)l t't)ini)arativf /ot)lt)g\. I’ritu itv is given to piojeets that toilet t li\ing spot iinens in legitms where habitats are threatenetl or fossil spet iinens in regions most likelv to holtl important t ines for unraveling evohititinary strategies. These grants are made ptissihle hv a gift from Mr. (iet)ige I’mnam. Jr., \l\ 19-19 anti MB.\ 19.al. anti .Mrs. N'anev Pntnain. Recipient MCZ Department Project Title Amount Christopher Baker Entomology Biodiversity and fine-scale distribution of myrmecophiles in Acacia drepanolobium ant plants $7,584 John H. Boyle Entomology Nest architecture of ant associates of Acacia drepanolobium $7,584 Shane C. Campbell- Staton Herpetology/ Ornithology Climate-induced natural selection; measuring the response of cold tolerance in green anoles to the polar vortex of 2013-2014 $3,544 James D. Crall Entomology Movement ecology of orchid bees (Apidae: Euglossini) in tropical forest fragments $5,700 Rosa M. Fernandez Invertebrate Zoology Exploring cryptic diversity in soil animals (part II); a case study in centipedes and velvet worms $12,480 Sebastian B. Kvist Invertebrate Zoology Shark leeches (Hirudinida; Piscicolidae); evolution, anticoagulant diversity and prey choice $8,131 Jean-Marc Lassance Mammalogy The genetic basis of adaptive traits in prey species; variation in predator aversion in Peromyscus of the Channel Islands Archipelago, California $8,674 Sarah Lemer Invertebrate Zoology Collecting East Pacific species of Pinnidae in Baja California $7,450 Talia Moore Concord Field Station/Herpetology Does bipedal locomotion evolve for similar reasons in all desert rodents? $1,100 Lori R. Shapiro Entomology Identifying potential insect disease vectors threatening Cucurbita spp. in Mesoamerica $8,575 Shantanu R Shukla Entomology Microbial ecology of African dung beetles $7,050 Allison J. Shultz ; Ornithology Genomic signatures of pathogen-mediated selection in diachronic populations of the house finch $3,920 Bruno A. Souza de Medeiros Entomology Insect-host interactions and rates of evolution in a community of palm weevils $6,400 Callin M. Switzer Concord Field Station What’s the buzz in Australia? Mechanism of buzz pollination by native Australian bees $5,859 Melissa R. Whitaker Entomology Gut bacteria and the evolution of diet in lycaenid butterflies $11,226 Total Awards $105,277 26 Museum of Comi'ar.\ti\t Zoology Julianne Pelaez MCZ PUBLICATIONS: CALENDAR YEAR 2013 • Alcaide M. Liu M. Echvards SV (20 1 3) Major Ijistocoinpatibilitv complex class 1 evolution in songbirds: nniversttl primers, rapid etolnlion and l)ase compositional shifts in exon Peer] 1 :e8() • Algar AC. Mahler DL. (ilor RE, LososJB (2013) Niche ittcnmlx’iitv, dispeixiil limitiition and climate shape geographical distiihntions in a species-rich island adaptive radiation . ( Holxtl Ecol Bioff'ogi' 22:39 1 —402 • Arnold AS, Lee D\'. Bievvener AA (2013) Modulation of joint work in die goat hindlimb with locomotor speed and surface grade.y/Cv^ B/o/ 2 16:220 1-22 12 • Bena\ides LR, Giribet G (2013) A re^ision of selected chides of Neotropical mite h;u \ estmen (.\nichnida, Opiliones, C\phophth;ilmi, Neogoveidae) with tlie description of eight new .species. Bull AICZ 161:1—44 • Bieler R, MikkeLsen PM, Giribet G (2013) Bi\aliia-a discussion of known imknowns. Am Malawi Btt// 31: 123-1 33 • Blevins E. Lauder GV (2013) Swimming near the substrate: a simple robouc model of stingray locomouon. Bioimpir Biornim 8:01 6005 • Bloom S, Ledon-Rettig C, bifante C, Everly A, HankenJ, Nascone-Yoder N (2013) Developmental origins of a novel gut morphology in frogs. EvolDei' 15:21.3-223 • Castaneda MD, De Queiroz K (2013) Phyiogeny of the Dactyloa clade of AnolLs lizards: New insights from combining morphologictil and molecular data. Bull MCZ 160:345-398 • Clouse RM, Sharma PP, Giribet G, WTieeler WC (2013) Elongation factor-la, a putative single-copy nuclear gene, has divergent sets of paralogs in an arachnid. MolPhbgenet £w/ 68:471-481 • de Medeiros BAS, Niihez-avellaneda LA (2013) Three new species of AnchylorhynchusSchoenhevx, 1836 from Colombia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Curculioninae; Acal)puni). Zooto« 3636:394-400 • DennehyjQ, Duffr S, O'Keefe KJ, Edwards SV, Turner PE (2013) Frequent coinfecdon reduces RNA virus populaoon genetic diversity. ///crerf 104:704-712 • Edwards SV (2013) Next-generation QTL mapping: crowdsourcing SNPs, without pedigrees. Mol Ecol 22:3885-3887 • Eizaz T, Azad B, O'Meally D, Young MJ, Matsubara K Edwards MJ, Zhang X, Holleley CE, Deakin JE, Marshall Graves JA, Georges A, Edwards SV, Sane SD (2013) Sequence and gene content of a hu ge fiagment of a lizard sex chromosome and evaluaUon of ctuididate .sex dtfferen dating gene R-spondin 1. BMC Genomics 14:899 • Fish F, Lauder GV (2013) Not Just going with die flow. Am Sri 101:114-123 • Flammang BE, .Alben S, Madden PGA, Lauder GV (2013) Functional morphology of tlie fin rays of teleost tishes. y Morpliol 274: 1 044-1059 • Flammang BE, Lauder GV (2013) Pectoral tins aid in navigation of a complex environment by bluegill suntish under sensory deprivation conditions, y/s'x/; Biol 216:3084-3089 • Gartner GEA, Gamble T,Jaffe Al„ Harrison A, LososJB (2013) Left-right dewlap asymmetry and phylogeography oi Anolis lineatusow .\ruba and Curacao. Biol J l.inii Soc 1 10: 409-126 • Garwood R|, Dunlop [.\, Giribet G, Sutton .Ml) (2013) Opiliones Ibsiles. Los ar.icnidos actnales de origen mas remoto. ;Euiulamenlal!2‘A: 1-58 • Giribet G (2013) Book Review: .\nimal Evolution: Interrelationships of the Living Phyla .3rd ed. lulegrComp fto/ 53:532-534 • Giribet G, de Bivort B1 ., 1 litchcock .A, .Swart P (2013) On Spelcosim argasifonnis — a troglobitic (Xiihophthiilmi (.Arachnida: Opiliones: Pettalidae) from Table Mountain, .South MncA. J Arachnol 41:41 6—4 1 9 • Giribet G, Edgecombe GD (2013) The Arthropoda: a phylogenetic framework. In Arihropal Biology ami Evolution (Minelli A, Boxshiill G, Fitsco G, eds) 1 7—40. .Spiinger- Veiiag: Berlin • Giribet G, Edgecombe GD (2013) Stable phylogenetic patterns in scutigeromoiph centipedes (Mvriapoda: Chilopoda: Scutigeromoipha) : dating the diversification of an ancient lineage of terresuial arthropods. Invertebr Syst 27:48.5-501 • Gower DJ, .Aberra RK .Schwaller S, Girgen MJ, Collen B, Spawls S, Menegon M, Zimkus BM, de Sa R, Mengistu A, Moore R, Saber S, Loader SP (2013) Long-term dato for endemic frog genera reveal potential conservation crisis in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. Oyx 47:59-69 • Groen SC, Whiteman NK, Bahraini .AK, Wilczek AM, CuiJ, Russell [A. Cibrian-Jaramillo A, Butler LAE, Rana J, Huang GH, BushJ, Ausubel EM, Pierce NE (2013) Pathogen-tiiggered ethylene signaling mediates .systemic induced susceptibility to herbivory in Arabidojesis. The Plant Cc//25:4755-A766 • Guil N, Jorgensen A, Giribet G, Kristensen RM (201.3) Congruence between molecular phyiogeny and cuticuhu’ design in Echini.scoidea (Tardigi ada, Heterotardigiada). ZmoIJ Linn Soc 169:71.3-736 • HankenJ (201.3) A scientist in full: the fruitful, flawed Louis Agassiz [review of C. Irmscher, iMiis Agassiz: Creator of American Science\. Harvard Magazine 1 15:22-24 • HankenJ (2013) Biodiversity online: towtud a Network Integiated Biocollections .Allituice. BioScience 6A:7H9—79t) • HankenJ, et al (201.3) Implementation plan for the Network Integiated Biocollections .Alliance. .Americtm Institute of Biological Sciences: Reston, Virginia • Harrison A (2013) Size-a.ssortiitive pairing ;uid social monogamy in a NeoUopical lizard, Anolis limifrans (Squamata: Polychrotidae). SrcwVir«5.34:l-9 • Hertz PE, Arima Y, Harrison A, Huey RB, Loses JB, G1 or RE (2013) Asynchronous evolution of physiology and morphology in Anolis lizards. Evolution 677:2101-2113 •Janes D, Elsey R, Hingtui E, Valenzuela N, Edwards SV (2013) Sex-biased expre.s,sion of sex-differentiating genes FOXL2 and FGF9 in American alligators. Alligator mississipjnensis. Sex Dei' 7:253-260 •Joseph L, Edwards SV, .McLean ,AJ (201.3) The Maluridae: inferring avian biology' and evolutionarv history from DN.A sequences. Emu 1 1.3:19.5-207 “Suible phylogenetic patterns in .scutigeromoiph centipedes (Myiiapoda: Chilopoda: Scutigeromoqiha) : dating the diversification of an ancient lineage of terresuial arthropods” by Gonzalo Giribet and MCZ .Associate (iregory Edgecombe was the cover story in Invertebrate Systematics. A.NNU.AL Report 2013-2014 27 1 MCZ PUBLICATIONS: CALENDAR YEAR 2013 Thf Prinfetoji Guide to Ewbition Ls edited bv a dLsunguished tetun of e\«liidon;ir\ biologists including Hopi Hoekstra and editor-in-chief Jonathan Losos. This new reference work covers tlie major subjects ;uid ke\ concepts in e\olution;u'v biologs; fh)in genes to intiss extinctions ;md contains over 1(X) articles. Brian Farrell and MCZ .Associate Jessica Rykken published “Boston Harbor Islands .All Taxa Biodhersity Insentory: Discosering the 'microwilderness’ of an urb;m island park” as part of tire .All Taxa Biodisersity Inventory (.ATBI) project, turned to document artliropod and mollusk taxa in Boston Harbor Islands national parks. • Kainatli .A. Stuart A'K, ( '.unplxil IM (201 ;I) B<-ha\ioral p.u litioning b\ ihe native li/aid iuwliueiisi\ in the piesence aiul absence ol the inv.tsive \ti^n in Hoiida. Hm'ioni t'xl.A: 1-10 • Kawauchi GA’. Giribet G (20l;l) .S>/rininlitan or a group of pseudo-crvptic s|H-cies? .An integraied molecular and moi-j)hologic;il approach. MarF.col 1-H • Kocher SD. 1 j A’ang W, Tan 1 1. \i ,S\', A'.uig X, Hoek-stra HE. Zhang G. Pierce NE. Aii 1)W (201.‘1) The dnilt geiuune of a socuilly [xthmoiphic halictid Ix-e, hufioglossum (dl)i/)es. Genome liwt 11:R112 • Kowtilko j, Rohner N, Romptuii .SB, Peterson BK. linden T.A, A’oshL/riwa M, Kay EH. Weber J. Hoekstra HE, feflerv WR. Borowskv R. i'abin ( J (2013) Ir>ss of schooling Ixiiavior in cavefish through sight-dependent ;uid sight- indejx'nden t mech;uii.sm.s. Gun Biol 23: 1 87-4- 1 883 • Kronauer DJC, Tsuji K, Pierce NE, Keller I. (2013) Non-nest mate discrimination ;md dontil colony su iicuire in the ptu dienogenetic ant Cerapachys bimi. BehavEcol 24:617-622 • Kiilu D, Clavton DF, Robinson GE, .Allx*rLson C, Carev HA', ( Aimmings ME, Dewar K, Edwards SV, Hohnann EL A, Gross LJ, King.solver JG, Meanev’ MJ, Schlinger B.A, Shingleton .AAA’, Sokolowski MB, Somero GN, Stanzione DC, Todgham .AE (2013) New hontiers for organismtil biologv’. fiio.Arie«cc 63:46-4— 471 • Lee SS, de Boef Miara M, Arnold AS, Biewener AA, AA’tikelingJM (2013) .Accuracy of gastrocnemiiLS forces in walking and running goats predicted by one-element tuid two element Hill-t\pe models. / Biomech 46:2288-229.5 • Lee SS, de Boef Miara M, Arnold AS, Biewener AA, AA’akeling JM (2013) Recruiunentoffaster motor units is associated widi greater rates of fascicle strain and rapid changes in muscle force during locomotion, /Exyb Biol 216:198-207 • Linnen CR. Poh Y-P, Peterson BK. Barrett RDH, Larson JG.Jen.senJD, Hoekstra HE (2013) .Adaptive evolution of multiple Uaits through multiple muuitions at a single gene. .Sriettcc 339:1312-1316 • Losos JB. .Arnold .SJ, Bejerano G, Brodie III ED, Hibbett D, Hoekstra HE, Mindell DP, Monteiro .A, Moritz C, Orr ELA, Petrov D.A, Renner SS, Ricklefs RE, Soltis PS, Turner TL (2013) Evoludonarv' biolog)' for the 2T' Century. PImS Bw/ll:el001466 • Losos JB, ed in chief. Damn D.A, Futuyma DJ, Hoekstra HE. Lenski RE, .Moore .AJ, Peichel Cl., Schluter D, AATidock .MC, eds (2013) The hinceton Guide to Evolution. Princeton L^niversity Press: NewJersey • Losos JB, lA*al M (2013) The evoludon of species recognidon signtils. A/o/£co/ 22:3879-3881 • Lucas K. Colin .SP, Costello JH, Ktidja K. Klos E (2013) Hind interacdons that enable stealdi predadon b\' die upsu eam-foraging hydromediLsa Craspedacusla smuerbyi. Biol Bull 225:60-70 • Maddin HC, Frobi.sch N, Evmis DC, Milner .AR (2013) Reappraisal of Tersomius texensis (Temnospondyli, Dis,sorophoidea) and some referred material. (’. R Paleoi’ol 12:447-461 28 Museum of Comparatiat Zoology ■ Maddin HC. Aeiu /el M. ( •.iidnei |D. R.ig<- )-( ' " (2013) .Mu iiMom|>uled loinographv Mudv of a ihiee- (liinenMon.illv pieservcil nciiMK i.uiium ol .Mhtnurfieton (1 jvsimphibi.i. .\lluner|x-lonli(Lie) liom the PIuhciicoI I I hing.irv. / Veitebi PaJevntiJ 5'.\:56Hi-5H7 • M.ihlei DC Ingram T. Revell l.|, la)sosJB (2013) Exception.il conveigeiu e on the m.u MK-wiludoii.u \ l.indMa|X' in isl.uid li/aid radiations. .Sirejicr 34 1 :292-295 , • M.irtins D|, ( 'aillins SC, Congdon ( .. Pierce NE (2013) .\sMx i.ilion Ix-lween the .Alritan Ivi aenid, .\nthene usumba. ! and ;ui oblig.ile acacia ;uit, G.iemtitoffistn mwiosae. Biol / ■ /7«h.V«-109:.302-312 j • McFall-Ngtii M. I Lullield M, Bom h T, ( '.uev 1 1. Dom.izel- _ Iziso E, Douglas .A. Dubilier N. Elx-i I G. Fukiind E, j Gillx’i t S. 1 leiiLschel C, King ,\, Kjellelx-rg S, Knoll .AH, j Kremei' ,\. .Ma/manitui S, Metcalf J, Nedson K. Pierce ■ NE. RiiwlsJ, Reid .A, Rubv E, Rumpho M. Siuideis ), Eauiz j 1), AA'ernegreen I (2013) .Atumals in a bacterial world: an ! imperadve foi' the life sciences. PSAS 1 10:3229-3236 j • Morris RA, Don L. HankenJ, Kelly M. Iziwery DB, I Ludascher B. Macklin J.A, Morris PJ (2013) .Semantic [ iumotadon of inutable data. PIj>S O.\7-.'8:e76093 ) • MurienneJ, Benavides LR Piendini L, I lonniga (., i Giribet G (2013) Forest lefugia in AA’estem ;uid CxMitial j .Africa ;is “miLseums” of Mesozoic biodiveisitv'. Biol Ijett 1 9:201209.32 J • Novo M, Riesgo A, Fernandez-Guerra .A, Giribet G (2013) Pheromone evoludon, reproduedve genes, , and compmadve transcriptomics in Mediterr.me;ui | em divvorms (.Annelida, Oligochaeta, Hormogasuidae). ] A M Biol Evol 30:1614-1629 | • Perez-Pono .AR, Navarrt>G<)mez D, L'liz .MJ, Giribet G (2013) .A NGS approach to die encrusdng .\Iediternme;ui sponge CreUa elegans (Poiifera, Demo.spongiae, Poeciloscleiida) : utuiscriptome sequencing, i chaiacteiizadon ;md overview of die gene expi ession I along diree life cycle stages. MolEcol /fesei/rl 3:494-509 < • RabelingC, Kronauer DJC (2013) Evoludon of dielvtokous pardienogenesis in eusocial Hvnienoptera. Annu Rev of Enlomol 5S:27?>-292 • Ripo.so do ,Ani;u'al F, .Albers PR Eidwards SV, Mivaki CA' (2013) Muldlocus tests of Pleistocene refugia and ancient divergence in a pair of .Adandc forest iuitbiids (MvTineciza) . 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Mol Phylogenet Evol 69:\SH-204 • Shultz AJ, Burns (2013) Plumage evolution in relation to light enxironment in a novel clade of Neotropical tanagers. Mol Phylogenet Evol 66:112-125 • Smith SA, Wilson NG, Goetz FE, Feehery C, Andrade SCS, Rouse GW, Giribet G, Dunn CM' (2013) Corrigendum: Resolxing the evolutionary relationships of molluscs with phyiogenomic tools. Nature 493:708 • Sosa-Calx’oJ, Schultz TR, Brandao CRF, Klingenberg C, Feitosa RM, Rabeling C, Bacci M, Lopes CT, Vasconcelos HL (2013) Cyatta abscondita. Taxonomy, exolution, and natural history of a new fungus-farming ant genus from Brazil. PIjoS ONE 8:e80498 • Stoddard MC, Kilner RM (2013) The past, present and future of “cuckoos xersus reed warblers.” Anirn Behav 85:693-699 • Stuart YE, LososJB (2013) Ecological character displacement: glass half full or half empty? 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An.nu.ai, Ri i’ori 2013-2014 29 Fix.\xcl\i, Data These charts describe the income and expenses of the Museum of Comparative Zoology in fiscal year 2014 KiulownuMit income funds much of the Museum's activities, including acquisition and maintenance of collections, faculn and staff salaries, capital projects, facilities renovation and maintenance. Included in Endo\Miient inct)ine is the annual distribution, revenue generated from assets purchased through endowments, and endowed funds decapitalized per donor request. Transfers include Harvard L'niversitv-funded facultv research, financial support for the Ernst Nhm' Librarv, and other Harvard-funded projects. Other Income comprises miscellaneous income from publication subscriptions, royalties, sales and fees, and other cost recovery from other MC'.Z-sponsored activities. Overhead is funding paid from MCZ-based sponsored projects to cover facilities and administrative costs for those projects. It is shown as both income (Overhead Earned) and expenses (Overhead Charged). Special ProJect-N\V Collections includes deplovment of collections to the newlv constructed sj)ace in the Northwest Building. Building ex|)en.ses such as maintenance, facilitv improvements and utilities are captured in the Space & Occupancy category. Operating Expenses consist of etpiipment |)urchases, su|)plies, and consultant and conference fees, as well as annual subventions to the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biolog\’ (OEB) for administrative services. Support for M(',Z-affiliated graduate students in OEB is included in Scholarships, Awards 8c Travel. Institutional Expenses are support for other University activities outside the MC’.Z, including FAS and University initiatives and general operating support to the Harvard Museum of Natural History. Income Expenses & Non-Operating Funds Endowment 80% Space & Occupancy 1 1 % Overhead Charged (Sponsored) 3% Scholarships, Awards & Travel 2% Special Project- NW Collections 2% Capitalized Balances <1% Institutional Expenses 15% Operating Expenses 21% Salaries & Fringe Benefits 46% Income Endowment $14,146,220 Federal Sponsored Revenue $1,780,583 Overhead Earned $547,104 Nonfederal Sponsored Revenue $427,397 Transfers $404,405 Gifts $315,453 Other Income $154,915 Total $17,776,077 Expenses Salaries & Fringe Benefits Operating Expenses Institutional Expenses Space & Occupancy Overhead Charged (Sponsored) Scholarships, Awards & Travel Special Project-NW Collections* Capitalized Balances Total $8,193,171 $3,662,857 $2,602,858 $1,939,583 $547,104 $348,103 $292,319 $88,824 $17,674,820 In FY14, $2,009,204 in prior year NW Collections expenses were transferred from MCZ accounts to FAS Physical Resources accounts (funded by MCZ in FY12) 30 Ml'SEL'M of CoMP,\R.VI I\ K ZoOl.OGY Faculty-Curators Andri'w A. Bii-wonor Charles P. I.ymati Professor of Biotofip; Director Concord Field Station Sfotl Edwards ISofessor of Organismic if Kiioliilionary Biology; Alexander Agassiz Professor of /.oology; Curator of Ornithology Brian D. Farrell Professor of Biolog'; Curator of Entomolog; Director, David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies Gonzalo Giribet Professor of Organismic if Evolutionary Biolog; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoolog; Curator of Invertebrate Zoolog James Hanken Professor of Biolog; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoolog; Curator of Herpetolog; Director, MCZ Hopi E. Hoekstra Professor of Organismic if Evolutionary Biolog; Professor of Molecular if Cellular Biolog; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoolog; Curator of Mammalog; Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator; Harvard College Professor George V. Lauder Professor of Biolog; Henry Bryant Bigelow Professor of Ichthyolog; Curator of Ichthyolog Jonathan B. Losos Professor of Organismic if Evolutionary Biolog; Monique if Philip Lehner Professor for the Study of Latin America; Curator of Herpetolog JamesJ. McCarthy Professor of Biological Oceanogaphy; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanogaphy; Acting Curator of Malacolog Naomi E. Pierce Sidney A. if John H. Hessel Professor of Biolog; Curator of Entomolog Stephanie E. Pierce Assistant Professor of Organismic if Evolutionary Biolog; Curator of Vertebrate Paleontolog Robert M. Woollacott Professor of Biolog; Curator of Marine Invertebrates Emeritus Faculty Kenneth J. Boss Eacully-Curator, Emeritus; Professor of Biolog, Emeritus A.W. “Fuzz” Crompton Faculty-Curator, Emeritus; Fisher Professor of Natural History, Emeritus Herbert W. Le\i Eaculty-Curator, Emeritus; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoolog, Emeritus Richard C. Lewontin Professor of Biolog, Emeritus; Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoolog, Emeritus Edward O. Wilson Honorary Curator in Entomolog; Pellegino I 'niversity Ibofessor, Emeritus Postdoctoral Fellows, Research Associates & Visiting Scholars Sonia da Silva Andrade Invertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Allison Arnold-Rife Concord Eield Station, Biewener Lab Niclas Backstrom Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Rowan D. H. Barrett Mammalog, Hoekstra Lab Andres Bendesky Alammalog, Hoekstra Lab Partha Bhagavatula Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Maria del Rosario Castaneda Herpetolog, Losos Lab Rodney Eastwood Entomolog, Pierce Lab Marianne Espeland Entomolog, Pierce Lab Rosa Maria Fernandez Garcia Invertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Heidi Fisher Mammalog, Hoekstra Lab Adam Freedman Herfjetolog &" Alammalog, Losos if Hoekstra Labs Matthew Fujita Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Natalie Holt Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Travis Ingram Herpetolog, Losos Lab Be till Kacar Herpetolog, Losos Lab Christopher Kenaley Ichthyolog, Lauder Lab Julia Klaczko Herpetolog, Losos Lab Sarah Kocher Entomolog, Pierce Lab Sebastian K\ist Invertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Jean-Marc Lassance Alammalog, Hoekstra Lab Fabio Laurindo da Silva Entomolog, Earrell Lab Sarah Lemer Invertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Mark Liu Ornitholog, Edwards Lab David Lubertazzi Global Ant Project, Wilson Lab Hillary Maddin Herpetolog, Hanken Lab Ricardo Mallarino Mammalog, Hoekstra Lab Ana Lucia Miianda i'ourinho Invertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Gerard Talavera Mor Entomolog, Pierce Lab Brant Peterson Mammalog, Hoekstra Lab Mi-Ping Poll Mammalog, Hoekstra Lab Sebationan Pohl Entomolog, Pierre Lab Christian Rabeling Entomolog, Pierce Lab Robert Graham Reynolds Hetpelolog, Losos Lab Frank Rheindt Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Ivo Ros Concord Eield Station, Biewener Lab Lori Shapiro Entomolog, Pierce Lab Emma Sherratt Herpetolog, Losos Lab Shantanu Shukla Entomolog, Pierce Lab Yung W’a Sin Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Flavia Termignoni Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Ann Veijalainen Entomolog, Earrell Lab Charles D. Williams Concord Eield Station, Biewener Lab Graduate Students Christopher Baker Entomolog, Pierce Lab Maude Baldwin Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Nicole Bedford Mammalog, Hoekstra Lab Leonora Bittleston Entomolog, Pierce Lab Katherine Boronow Herpetolog, Losos Lab John Boyle Entomolog, Pierce Lab Alexandra Brown Entomolog, Earrell Lab Rebecca Buckman Invertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Shane Campbell-Staton Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Glenna Clifton Concord Field Station, Biewener Lab Mark Cornwall Entomolog, Pierce Lab Tauana Cunha Invertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Amanda Evans Entomolog, Earrell Lab Kara Feilich Ichthyolog, Lauder Lab Kadeem ( lilbei l Entomolog, Pierre Lab Patrick Gorring Entomolog, Farrell Lab Philip Grayson Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Alexis I larrison Heipetolog, Losos Lab Michael Brent Hawkins Herj)etolog, Hanken Lab Emily Jacobs-Palmer Alammalog, Hoekstra Lab Zofia Ktiliszewska Entomolog, Pierre Lab Ambika Ktimath Herpetolog, Losos Lab Emily Kay Alammalog, Hoekstra Lab Evan Kingsley Alammalog, Hoekstra Lab Mara Laslo Herpetolog, Hanken Lab Christopher Laumer hwertebrate Zoolog, Giribet Lab Zachary Lewis Herpetolog, Hanken Lab Kelsey Lucas Ichthyolog, Lauder Lab Briana McHorse Concord Eield Station, Biewener Lab Hillery Metz Alammalog, Hoekstra Lab Talia Moore Herpetolog £f Concord Field Station, Losos if Biewener Labs Martha Munoz Herpetolog, Losos Led) Shayla Salzman Entomolog, Pierre Led) Elizabeth Sefton Herpetolog, Hanken Lab Allison Shultz Ornitholog, Edwards Lab Bruno Souza de Medeiros Entomolog, Earrell Lab Kiiri Taylor-Burt Concord Eield Station, Biewener Lab Wenfei Tong Alammalog, Hoekstra Led) Kira Treibergs Aleirine Invertelrreites, We)ollarott Led) Dylan Wainwright Ichthye)log, Lauder Lab Xuemai Zhai Bie)logiral Oreeinngaphy, AlrCarthy ImI) Associates Gary Alpert Associate e)f Entennolog Harvard University Brian S. Arbogast Asse)ciate of Alennenedog University ofNe)rth Cemlina Wilmington An'nl'ai. Ri;i>()rt 2013-2014 31 Briicf Archibald .\s\iHHilf of Entomoiof^ Simon Eiiisn ( 'nnvrsit\ Aaron Bailor A^sonatf of Hn'fKlology Villanm'd I'nn'rrstts Roinior Booiiwkos. Ill Associate of /oolo^ Ischrmix (ximfmns Andrew Borrv Associate of Population Genetics Harvani I'niversits Eli/aboth Brainord Associate of Ichthyology Brown I’niversity Jao Choo Associate of Entomologs Ewha Womans L’niversity Janet Collett Associate of Population Genetics iiiiversity of Sussex Bruce Collette Associate of Ichthyology Xational Marine Eisheries Service Dacid Bruce Conn Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Berry College James Costa Associate of Entomology Western Carolina University Catherine Craig Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Conservation Through Poverty Alleviation, International Harlan Dean Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Harvard University Lloyd Demetrius Associate of Population Genetics Harvard University Philip DeWies Associate of Entomology University of New Orleans Gregory D. Edgecombe Associate of Invertebrate Zoology Natural History Museum, England Ben Evans Associate of Herpetology McMaster University Richard Glor Associate of Herpetology University of Rochester Kehin A. Guerrero Associate of Entomology Systematic Entomologist/ Environmental Consultant Michael Hadfield Associate of Marine Biology University of Hawaii Anthony Herrel Associate of Herpetology Mushtm National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris Berthold Hblldobler Associate of Entomology Arizona Slate University (iiisiavo I loriniga Associate of Invertelnate Zoology The George Washington I 'niveiMty Helen E James Associate of Ornithology National Museum of Natural History, SmitiLsonian Alan FLibat Associate of Malacolog Attoniey, Bernahei Cd’ Wachtel Leslie S. FLuifman Associate of Ichthyolog Boston Unix’ersity Gisele V. Kitwauchi Associate of Invertebrate Zxtology Unri’ersity ofSdo Paulo Timothy Lanian Associate of Ornithology National Geographic Ruth Hortencia Bastardo l.andrau Associate of Entomology Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo Phillip Lobel Associate of Ichthyology Boston University Da\id Lohman Associate of Entomology The City College of New York \ladimir A. Lukhtanov Associate of Entomology Russian Academy of Sciences James Mallet Associate of Population Genetics Harvard University Duane McKenna Associate of Entomology University of Memphis Russell Mittermeier Associate of Herpetology Conservation International Piotr Naskrecki Associate of Entomology Conservation International Martin Nweeia Associate of Mammalogy Harvard School of Dental Medicine Diane B. Paul Associate of Popuhition Genetics Harvard University David L. Pawson Associate of Marine Biology Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Stewart Peck Associate of Entomology Carleton University Paulo Petry Associate of Ichthyology The Nature Conservancy Steve Poe Associate of Herpetology University of New Mexico Michael Rex Associate of Malacology University of Massachusetts, Boston Jurv Ruihakov Associate of lmi f jmibition/Rejemue, Ernst Mayi Ijlmtry Christo|)her Caiden Catalogn, Biixliversily Hmtagr Ijbrary |udith ( Aiupasko Curatorial Associate, Maiiimalogs April Collins Acijiiisitions and Technology Specialist, Ernst Mayr Lilnary Stefan Cover Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Jessica Cundin Curatorial Associate, Invertelnate Cir Vertelnate Paleontology Joseph DeX'eer Head of Technical Services, Ernst Mayr Lilnary Kiitherine Eldridge Curatorial Assistant, Ornithology Charles Farnum Curatorial Assistant, Entomology Helene Ferranti Ea rulty/ Collecti on Assistant, Biological Oceanography (s’ Marine Biology Dana Fisher Assistant to the Librarian /Special Collections, Ernst Mayr Library Linda S. Ford Director, Collections Ofierations Brendan Haley Senior Database Manager Kiirsten Hartel Curatorial Associate, Ichthyology Rachel Hawkins Curatorial Assistant, Entomology ,\ndra Hollis Staff Assistant, Concord Field Station Kiithleen Horton Eaculty /Collection Assistant, Entomology Nikki Hughes Faculty /Collection Assistant, Mammalogy Amie Jones Faculty /Collection Assistant, Entomology Marcia Kiizmierc/.ak Eacu Ity/ Collecti on A ssista n t, Heipetology Maureen Kelly Project ISogrammei; Filtered Push Grant Michelle Kennedy Collections Information (sf Database Specialist Laura Leibensperger Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate /.oology MCZ PERSONNEL JfiiniliT l.cnihaii Curatorial Assistant. Ini’rrtehmte Zoolof^- Lisa Litchfield Administrator, Concord Field Station David Lowory . hvject hogra miner. Filtered htsli Grant Joseph Martinez Curatorial Assistant, Heifetology Charles McC^alhmi Project ISmgrammer, Filtered Push Grant Patrick McCormack Curatorial Assistant, Entomology, NSF ADBC Grant Jiiri Miyamae Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Richard Monk Database Programmer, Collections Operations Paul J. Morris Biodiversity Informatics Manager Monica Mowery Curatorial Assistant, Entomology, NSF ADBC Grant Catherine Musinsky Faculty/ Collection Assistant, Mammalogy John Nevins Laboratory Systems Manager for Biological Oceanography & Marine Biology Somer O’Brien Staff Assistant, Concord Field Station Mark Omura Curatorial Assistant, Mammalogy Philip Perkins Curatorial Associate, Entomology Bridget Power Faculty/Collection Assistant, Invertebrate Vertebrate Paleontology Pedro Ramirez Research Assistant, Concord Field Station Jignasha Rana Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Murat Recevik Curatorial Assistant, Malacology Mark Renezkowski Curatorial Assistant, Invertebrate Paleontology Constance Rinaldo Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Alana Rivera Curatoried Assistant, Malacology Jose Rosado Curatoried Associate, Herpetology Mary Sears Head of Public Services, Ernst Mayr Library Diane Sheridan Faculty /Collection Assistant, Invertebrate Zoology Dehorah Smiley Managing Editor, MCZ and Ill’ll Margaret Starvish Faculty /Collection Assistant, Ichthyology isf Entomology Tsuyoshi Takahaslii Curatorial Assistant, Herfietology & Collections Operations Jennifer Thomson Faculty /Collection Assistant, Populations Genetics Diana Tingley Turmenne Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Jeremiah Trimble Curatorial Associede, Ornithology Catherine Weisel Museum Project Coordinator Ken Wilcox Building Superintendent, Concord Field Station Victoria Wilke Curatorial Assistant, Collections Operations Andrew Williston Curatoried Assistant, Ichthyology Jonathan Woodward Curatoried Assistant, Herpetology & Collections Operations Robert Young Special Collections Librarian, Ernst Mayr Library Breda Zimkus Cryogenics Collections Manager for Genetic Resources Temporary Staff Sarah Cohen Malacology Ashley Correia Ernst Mayr Library Margaret Crane Ernst Mayr Library Tatiana de Souza Varges Collections Operedions Caroline DeVane Collections Operations Ann Downer-Hazell EOL Learning + FMucation Group Anne Everly Herpetology Jane Harrison Ornithology Gwendolyn Fougy Henry Ernst Mayr Library Madeleine Higgins Mammedog' Jyhjong Hwang Collections Operations Delande Justinvil Concord Field Station Joanna Larson Cryogenic Collections Daniel Makholm Mammalogy Alexander Masti iano lleipetology Caroline M( K;iy Ernst Mayr Library Jessica Mitchell Ernst Mayr Library Rachel Moon Ernst Mayr Library Robert Morris Bi od iversity In form (dies Jessica Mullen Malacolog Julianne Pelaez Entomology Valeria Marie Pelet Ernst Mayr Library Laura Sender Collections Operations Kaitlin Sheridan Invertebrate Zoolog Molly Solomon Malacolog Kathryn Stephens Ernst Mayr Library Amy Vo Ernst Mayr Library Encyclopedia of Life, Learning + Education Group Tracy Barbaro Project Coordinator Jeffrey T. Holmes DigiUd learning Editor Marie M. Studer Learning + Education Director Administration for the Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology Krista Carmichael Senior Research Administredor Rebecca Chetham Executive Director Irv Dumay BuiUling Manager Paul Dwyer Mcdlroom Staff Assistant Jeannette Everritt Administrative Coordinedor Jason Green Financied Associede Megan McHugh Human Resources Coordinator Philip Norton Assistant BuiUling Manager Jeremiah O’Connor Financied Analyst Monica Oyama Financied Associede Ki islin Pennai nn Manager of OEB Research Administration Services Christopher Preheim Senior Academic Administredor Keleigh Quinn Senior Research Administrator Peg Richards Fi n a n ried Assis tant Damari Rosado Associede Director of Administration Anna Salvato Manager oj Financied Operations (ieoff Tierney Associede Director of Finance Research Administration The MCZ, deefdy njfmciales the addilioned sufftorl and contributions of numerous interns and undergraduate students during the 201 3-2014 academic year. MCZ Faculty The MCZ’s charter, signed in 1 859, mandates that the Museum’s activities will be overseen by a governing board, the Faculty of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Dr. John D. Constable Mr. Robert G. Goelet Mr. George Putnam, Jr. Mr. George Putnam, III Dr. Barbara Jil Wu Mr. Paul J. Zofnass President Drew Gilpin Faust Acknowledgements This annued refxrrt was produced by the Office of the Director of the Museum of Comparative ZemUig. Editors James Hanken, Director Catherine Wei.sel, Museum Projects Coordinator Copy, Design & Production Cyndi Wood Caeative Project Management, Inc. creedivejmijectmgrnt. com A.\ncai. Report 2013-2014 HARVARD MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02 1 38 617.495.2460 www.mcz.harvard.edu