291, $- Hrbrary of the Museum

or COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY,

AT HARVARD COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

Pounded by private subscription, in 1861.

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GIRARD AVENUE ENTRANCE.

THE

feet ANN BAT. RAPPORT

OF THE

BOARD OFWDIRECTORS

OF

THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Peer nibADELPHIA.

(Incorporated March 21st, 1859.)

READ AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE MEMBERS AND LOANHOLDERS . OF THE SOCIETY,

APRIL 26th, 1877.

PHILABITLPHIA:

1877.

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THE

Fioalogical Saciely of Philadelphia,

OFFICE, 206 WALNUT PLACE.

OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR ENDING APRIL 27, 1878.

PRESIDENT,

WILLIAM CAMAC, M.D.

VICE-PRESIDENTS,

J. GILLINGHAM FELL, GEORGE W. CHILDS.

CORRESPONDING SECRETARY,

JOHN L. LECONTE, M. D.

RECORDING SECRETARY,

JOHN SAMUEL.

TREASURER,

EDWARD BIDDLE.

DIRECTORS,

WILLIAM 8S. VAUX, 5. FISHER CORLIES, FREDERICK GRAFF, THEO. L. HARRISON, CHARLES W. TROTTER, HENRY C. GIBSON,

J. VAUGHAN MERRICK, ISeaacC }. WISTAR, JOHN WAGNER, WILLIAM HACKER, WILLIAM H. MERRICK, PROF. JOSEPH LEIDY.

ACTUARY,

CmAaR LES Ee JEFFERSON.

SUPERINTENDENT OF THE GARDEN,

ARTHUR E. BROWN.

SOLICITORS,

5. WAGNER, Jr., W. W. MONTGOMERY.

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OF THE

DOAR DPOF DpIRECTORS.

PHILADELPHIA, April 26th, 1877.

The Board of Directors of the Zoological Society of Philadelphia submit to the members and loan-certificate holders, this, their fifth annual report, of the business and operations of the Society, from Ist of March, 1876, to ist of March, 1877.

MEMBERS.

The number of members of the Society, on the Ist of

March, 1877, was:—

Annual members, . 774 Life members, . ‘ ' ; : 188 Corresponding members, . : 9 Honorary members, 16

———

Total members (exclusive of loan-holders,) Q77

An increase over preceding year of Annual members, ; 4 Life members, . : ; 9 Honorary members, 2

Total increase of members, 15

During the year three members have died, and four transferred from Annual to Life Members.

The number of loan-holders is 496. Professor Spencer F. Baird, of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., and Dr. Henry C. Yarrow, U.S. A., were elected honorary members.

VISITORS.

The influx of strangers coming to the Centennial Ex- hibition, as was expected, has largely added to the number of visitors to the garden. But although the number was great, the crowd was not of so long a duration as was anti- cipated ; two months including half the number of visitors for the year: -From ist March, 1876, to Ist Marchy aay 657,295 persons visited the garden; a larger number, it is believed, than ever entered a similar institution during the same space of time, and an increase over the preceding twelve months of 237,519 persons. The total receipts at the gates were $151,060.63—an amount from sucha source the largest ever known. The largest receipts of the Lon- don Zoological Society, which was in the year 1875, were $143,690; the increase of which, according to the report of that year, was due to two sources— interest on invest- ments, and donations and bequests. Since the closing of the exhibition, the garden has felt the financial depression under which the country is laboring, and its receipts are sensibly affected. In the next year we must look for a very material reduction in our revenue from this source.

The following tables show the number of admissions and gate receipts in detail for the past year:—

Adults (paying 25 cents at the gates), : 579,249 Children (paying 10 cents at the gates), . 57,114 Members (including life and annual mem- :

bers, loan-holders’ annual and compli-

mentary annual tickets,) : 5,299 Loan-holders’ tickets (single), . : 11,489 Free admissions, charitable institutions,

donors’ tickets, etc., : : 1,564 Package tickets received, 2,490 Tickets sold a local agents (1875-6) re-

ceived, go

Total visitors, : : 657,295

7 Visitors entered through north gate, 439,932 Visitors entered through south gate, 217,363 Receipts from north gate, CVOT, O25» 18 Receipts from south gate, 49,435 45

_ Total receipts,

$151,060 63

Counterfeits received, $30 OO Tickets sold 1875-6, 14 45 ois a 44 45 Total net gate receipts, GI51,016 18 Average daily admission, 1,801 Average daily receipts from admission, $413 86

Monthly Record of Visitors for 1876-77, with the corresponding

accounts of prior years.

227,557 419,776 657,295 | Total Inc., 237,519

The greatest number of visitors on any one day was on Sunday, October 29th, 1876,

; 20,715 The least, on Monday, December 18th, 1876, cai” Average daily admissions, 1874-5, . 936 1875-6, . 1 b50

cs + 1876-7, . 1,801

Increase of daily admissions over 1 187 5-6,

651

Monthly record of Receipts from Admissions for 1876-7, with the corresponding accounts of prior years.

Month. 1874-5. 1875-6. 1876-7. Comparison with 1875-6.

March, . . 2/66 ¢ «.« | $1,7@% 78) ($2,716 75) Increase, ~ fener POTS cea a eect eee 4,507 II 55337 40| Increase, 830 29 RIE ie sat ot | Soba ote aa 9,100 79 7,047 90] Decrease, 2,052 89 ORES bce 5: (at ee 10,357 46] 10,531 15| Increase, 173 69 July; ).. «s. . | $11,601 45). Tighe 35) 51,356, 40! Inereace; 6 05 OUSE, Ca! 6° 13,147 40] 13,565 36] 15,203 13) Increase; 1,Gg7e97 September, 7,360 90} 12,131 83} 28,949 35| Increase, 16,817 52 October, ..\ 50. 6,447 60} 11,083 16] 49,529 80| Increase, 38,446 64 November, . 35305 85 4,148 79| 16,471 55| Increase, 12,322076 December; ... . 1,790 95 3,141 90 1,425 75| Decrease, .1,716 15 January,’..". 2,492 04 4,130 08} 1,308 60] Decrease, 2,821 48 February, <4 1,755 46 2,763 50 1,182 85| Decrease, 1,580 60

$47,901 65) $87,984 I1 $151,060, 63] Tot. Inc. $63,076 52

The largest amount of receipts at the gates on any one

day was Sunday, October 29th, 1876, . $4,974.10.

The least, on Saturday, February 24th, 1877, . 0.45.

Average daily receipts from admissions, 1874-5, 197 13

i - x 1875-6, 241 05

(gs “ “ I 876-7, AI 3 86

Increase of daily receipts from admissions over 1875-6, $172.01,

Total receipts on the several days of the week, and thetr respec- tive averages, for 1876-7.

Days Total Receipts. | Average. MAAN FA ea ee els sl ceeibe se 0 ee el a B51 205 FS eee Whurtsday ys cha: <,-< lope aie nian eee 20,741 55 398 87 PVT," Mapes sf @ |e! +c ee 6. ee 20,325 45 390 87 W ednesday sti s)<. . snd Gopi erin 18,441 25 347 94 Vutesdayy ivonntis 0... , 61 SRS eer. ee 14,834 25 285 23 Saturday, Wa" cae >. 2 RS RY on eo gnnae 13,425 35 258 18 Monday sii eh cae lves se, ante Ip ae ot le. ee 11,897 00 228 78

$151,060 63 |*$413 86

* Daily average for the year.

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IMPROVEMENTS.

During the year the entire northern end of the garden has been graded, underdrained, and planted. Two hand- some lodge gate houses, with ornamental iron entrance gates and sign, the whole costing $9,150, have been erected. The concourse in front of the northern entrance has been graded, graveled, and curbed. By an arrangement between the Fairmount Park Art Association and this Society, the circle in the centre of this place will be occupied by the bronze statue of the Dying Lioness—thus adding an appro- priate ornament to the already handsome approach. The carriage sheds, capable of accommodating twenty-six car- riages, have been completed at a cost of $4,078.80. A Reptile house, which, although not intended for a perma- nent structure, will sufficiently answer our needs in this ‘respect for some time, costing $1,200, rabbit warrens, costing $855, and ponds for Seals, Otters, etc., costing $5,040.75, have been finished. Also a palm house for the protection during the winter of the tropical and ornamental plants of the society, at a cost of $3,275. A house for the accommodation of warm-climated hay-eating animals is now under construction, from the plans of George W. Hewitt, Esq. When finished it will be one hundred and thirty feet long by fifty-eight feet six inches broad, with outside open- air paddocks; it will contain eighteen pens of good dimen- tions, and its estimated cost is $18,000. Revolving way out-gates have been fixed at convenient points, and a per- manent pointed stone wall and coping, surmounted with a _ handsome iron fence, has been constructed on the east boundary line of the garden from the horse shelters to the forebay.

FINANCES.

o

The financial condition of the society is exhibited by the following figures, and the Treasurer’s statement and balance sheet, in Appendix A :—

To

INCOME AND EXPENDITURES

for the fiscal year ending March ist, 1877.

INCOME.

(Exclusive of subscription to Loan, Donations and Life Memberships),

Members’ Initiation Fees and Dues, ..... $1,627 50 Admission Receipts, \.°.°/.)).) C0: oe) ie. ee ere yes BNemts iy i uleeees A Shi Aa vevens eee Babee! + 5 ‘ 4,500 42 Profit on sale of Guides, ey. GER ea: 665 75 Sundry Recess 2s 2 ae ke a 190 39 EXPENDITURES.

(Exclusive of Permanent Improvements and Animals). Ralaries,) AGN sae, ACES . » $24,343 83 Olfice ex PENsesiucs Ape =) ae 2;022.52 General expenses, .. ss. 4. « ame. 32,502) 5a

59,868 88 Estimated loss for the year on Animals, . .. . 9,327 75 Enterest agcoumtes 2 44) lew se 5 Rt ee ae eee 15,789 64 COMMISSIONS, Ola a). 7. so, Ao? int es 2,508 50

Balance of Income acct. for year ending March Ist, 1877,

In pursuance of the policy adopted by the Board in making the last annual report, the following items have been charged to Profit and Loss :—

Depreciation for the year on Cages, . . . A $1,240 O09 Depreciation for the is on Deer Park and

HmClOSOTE, Ei.) le Sou «on 433 75 Depreciation for the year on Horticulture, ee 1,233 00 EMCI pte alt) ss 5. ee + 2) on 2,600 00 b 8 ie eae ee se. a oa, oP ic 600 CO PXOUATIA, Pet hos ss, 3. Cu Prati iitt 486 82

Balance to Credit of Profit and Loss for dbo 8 March ot, 277, «.. 2am, \. ee

158,000 24

87,494 77

$70,505 47

6,593 66

$63,911 81

oh

CAPERAL.

Receipts and Expenditures of Capital for the year ending March

Ist, 1877 :—

RE CE? 1S,

Siernmions paid on Loan,. . . . .. - « « Life ae SG a re ieee 0 res

EXPENDITURES.

Permanent Improvements and animals,

per items in Treasurer’s Statement, (Appendix A),;. . - $95,972 05

Time Warrants, (Balance March ‘Ist, 1876, since paid), eet canes ed 3,515 10 emporary 0am, . . 2 2 et ee 15,000 00

Less am’ts charged to Profit and Loss : Paeeomaminals, |... . « - » $9,327 75

Depreciation on Cages, . : 1,240 09 Depreciation Deer Park and Enclos-

re ec. se ama €3 A330 7s Depreciation Fiextetiture, Phere 1,233 00 rr 2,600 00 rr 600 CO Peatis Se ao. (ee ees 486 82

Balance, (being in excess of Investments over Receipts of Capital, which has been pro- widedsiromeroit and Loss), ......

56,489 00

540 00

1,614 66 $58,643 66

124,487 15

15,921 41 49,922 08

$108,565 74 $108,565 74

i

MENAGERIE.

The condition of the menagerie will appear in the reports of the General Superintendent and Prosector, hereto an- nexed, Appendix B and C.

In pursuance of their intention to make the society an auxiliary in the educational system of our community, the directors have initiated a series of popular lectures on zoo- logical subjects. Three of them have been delivered during the past winter, viz.: By Prof. B. Waterhouse Hawkins, on “Cats”; by Prof. Edward D. Cope, on “Special Characters of American Life”; and by Prof. Joseph Leidy, on “ Protozoa.” It is to be hoped that the efforts of the directors in this respect will awaken an increased and wider interest in scientific - research and natural objects.

The thanks of the society are due to the Trustees of the Cope Fund for donations of interest, to Messrs. W. P. Clyde & Co., Adams Express Co., and to Pennsylvania and Union Pacific Railroads for many kindnesses in regard to trans- portation, and to the donors of animals.

The Board of Directors feel sensibly the loss occasioned by the retirement, on account of ill health, of their treasurer, Mr, Frank 71. Clark, and they desire to express their sense of the zealous activity and efficient services rendered by him to the society.

All of which is submitted by order of the Board.

JOHN SAMUEL, Secretary Zoological Society.

13

APPENDLX 2X.

Pra URE Rs

March 1st, 1876,

STATEMENT, to March 1st, 1877.

Dr.

os Balance on hand March Ist, mi £7,906 56

Loan Subscriptions ae . 56,489 00

«* Donations, : : ‘ 1,614 66

a te Memberships, sis ; mesic is, 32 540 00 <* Members’ Initiation fees and dues, : $1,627 50 SeeeretmMccIony eecipis,., . . - . <=. - + - 151,016 18 poivemionabaGarden,. . .. 6. . « MP ce 4,500 42 « Profit on sale of Guides, 665 75 SUITES sg s . 190 39

Transferred to Credit of Profit and Loss, 158,000 24

$224,550 “46

CK. By Warrants, Be for :

Salaries, $24,343 83 Subsistence, 11,633 80 Advertising, .. 4,896 57 Mireicy 2... -.' 5.259 00 Fuel and Light, E.432 55 Prnting, .. 856 13 Expressage, ‘ 390 53 Telegraph Line, 341 79 Repairs, : 754. 12 Extra Labor and Jobbing, 1,847 04 Hardware and Tools, 849 84 Lumber, 808 12 Flags and Poles, 471 02 Uniforms and Equipment, 918 45 Sundry expenses, 1446 17 Insurance, 401 52 Lectures, a 2 195 85 Office’cxpemses,. . . % 022-52

Maintenance &c.,

trans. to Dr. of Profiit and Loss,

$59,868 88

14

Amount brought forward, . . . $59,868 88. Purchase of wintmals, 4. 40-4 wee ate, a ee eS PET ERTIC Sa ah, ee Varela! chek) Wier ia 's oe IOI 50 Bear Pits es ay ia x! Ma oar eee Me ec 79 0O Monkey Touse) ¢ 5. on eens oe ae eae 25 88 Cages, . .< Ae Oe oe Meee ea oe 28 00 Vulcanized Walks, olin epee 'gh, ne eee nace nee. ok Oca PORCINE. a) 0 Wg ee me eee eee ean 472 56 Aquaria, ph a 6 ti Pee. ea ee ae 4 25 Penn (iiamsions i anh. apie ana eo 165 00 Gate Houses. >. Wyse he "ae mae asS 9,005 96 Walks, Roads, and Grading, eta,» sd a eta pau une eee reas Houses for Sundry Animals, Bet ia ieee Mee om 864 71 Carmmivora EEGOEes 453.5 /aiyan Gate. uke e tse ween 3,044; 23 Green. BLOUSE Ae? bd: 4 laa. (eee Lace 3,287 05 Elephant House, SU a ae: Smee Us mcrae 256. 25 Horvenliure ee: 2 te tee ee. Se Bae ee 1,841 85 SECTS nl utGgtan napa Vent ao ap eee ve RAE Seats 263 73 Seal Ponds: ae 2 MA St ad ak Sh 5,040 77 Water Supply and Drainage, ie MR eee ky 3,160 QI Carriage Sheds, 2. auc) mienee” Saale 3,536 00 Music “Stand, stnjeAvlet ag: (by RP Oa | a. RO eee 1,667 00 Resinara nig 2s: ah ay phos Uatieeie. nha eedeeeeue 4,852 00 weitees anawenaics,' °F 0” ee 2, Seemann 1,730 OO Protecraph Stamey 5" ORC a me, oa ieee 330 OO Weim Aviat erst ra) pa: asian heii, of ieee epee 416 50

DISC ETOUSE en haliey ‘Sh sigh st Ca ane aCe 8,277 00 BVephe bronse” ecient yt tee? eee eee ne 1,246 31 amie liogees pico et Se eae Ne ME SP Ogee ee 933 50 Permanent semclosure; 5 “4s ae to Be 700 00

Total Permanent Improvements and Animals,. . . . - 95,972 05 Temporary Loam 06.4. dag 2 ae se ee ar fe ae es Time Warrants, agaan March ‘fies mee since paid), .-. 3; m5oie POtenest, Cece hewn gs une ot tS ee ee Commissions on Loan, . . = ik goede cash ouMatate 2,508 50

Balance on hand March Ist, “1877, . eee ee we Ve, [ie ea) mee

$224,550 46

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APPENDIX »By

To the President and Board of Directors of , The Zoological Society:

GENTLEMEN :—I have the honor to submit to you a brief statement of the condition of the collection of ver- tebrate animals in the garden of the Society at the present time, and also as compared with that of the previous year. The total number of specimens now living in the garden is 1,073—being an increase of 172 over the last statement, as shown in the table below :—

March 1, March 1, I ea abe 1877. ncrease. Peres es sk se aN | 34.2 405 63 Sp a a ee nr, ee ea 485 506 21 UE ie a Ce 74 162 88 (gC a er econ ae gol 1,073 172 BOMOMOMOMS ache, <5 6 5 ih us ages | $50,251 $55,665 $5,414

The whole number of animals which have been exhibited in the garden since its opening is 2,461, representing many different genera and species. The table immediately follow- ing will show that, considering the infancy of the collection, there has been much diversity in the typical forms presented to visitors :—

Genera. Species. Specimens. PRs i he el a ae 88 152 878 Ga AIE > ., oh ta aah ome kage 154 207 968 PE LSC Ue OE iP reo eae 40 59 490 Clines:) UA a irae Snr i 16 17 125 298 435 2,461 3

18

Among the animals received during the past year the following were placed for the first time on exhibition in the

garden :— MAMMALIA.

Primates:

Entellus Monkey (Semnopithecus entellus).

Red Monkey (Cercopithecus ruber).

Bonnet Monkey (Macacus radiatus).

Black Spider Monkey (Afe/es ater).

Black-handed Spider Monkey (AZzeles melanochir).

Common Marmoset (Hafale jacchus).

Carnivora: Azara’s Fox (Cants azare). Black Fisher (Mustela pennantit). Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus). Himalayan Bear ( Ursus tébetanus).

Rodentia. Mexican Squirrel (?). Red Squirrel (Sccarus hudsonius). Gray Gopher Cela le om franklinit).

Ungulata :: Malayan Tapir e apirus malayanus),. Oryx Antelope ( Oryx leucoryx). Angora Goat (Capra hircus).

Edentata : Peba Armadillo ( Zatusia peba).

AVES. Passeres : English Blackbird ( Zurdus merula). Olive-backed Thrush ( 7urdus swainsoniz). Olive-gray Tanager ( Zanagra olivescens).

Picaria:

Red-headed Woodpecker (A@elanerfes erythrocephalus).

Psittact: Rose-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis). Parrot Macaw (Avra macavaunna). Hahn’s Parrot (Ara hahnt). Brown-throated Conure (Conzrus aruginosus). Yellow-throated Parrakeet (Avotogerys tovt). Cayenne Parrakeet (Lvotogerys tuipara). Ring-necked Parrakeet (Paleornis torquata). Red-vented Parrot (Pionus menstruus).

Raptores : Short-eared Owl (Brachyotus palustris). Burrowing Owl (Spheotyto cunicularia var. hypogea). Red-shouldered Buzzard (Buteo lineatus). Lanier’s Falcon (Falco lanarius var. polyagrus). Cooper’s Hawk (Accifiter cooperiz).

Columbe + Zeneda Dove (Zeneda amabilis). Key West Dove ( Geotrygon martinica).

ee

Galline - Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus). Common Quail ( Ortyx virginianus). Cuban Quail ( Ortyx cubanensis).

Grallatores - American Woodcock (Philohela minor). Least Bittern (Ardetta exilis). Adjutant (Leptoptilus argala).

Alectorides : Florida Gallinule (Gadlinula chloropus var. galeata).

Anseres : Red-billed Tree Duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis). Pintail Duck (Dafila acuta). Red-headed Duck (Fuligula ferina var. americana). Eider Duck (Somateria mollissima).

Gavide - Laughing Gull (Larus atricilia).

Pygopodes : Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps).

Steganopodes - Common Gannet (Sz/a bassana).

REPLILTA. Testudinata - Loggerhead Turtle ( Zhassalochelys caouana). Musk Tortoise (Avomochelys odoratus).

Lacertilia:

Horned Toad (Phrynosoma orbiculare). Ophidia

Black Snake (Bascanion constrictor).

Whip Snake (Masticophis favigularius).

BATRACATA. Proteida : Menobranchus (Menobranchus maculatus). yodela.

Salamander (Spelerpes ruber).

Salamander (Spelerfes brlineatus) .

Salamander (Plethodon cinercus var. erythronotus). Triton (Desmognathus nigra).

Among the animals received since last March, those most worthy of mention are a pair of Bengal Tigers, (male and female) and a fine male Jaguar, purchased April 5th; a male Entellus or Sacred Monkey, from India; a Patas or Red Monkey, from the West Coast of Africa; three Black-handed Spider Monkeys anda Black Spider Monkey, Meme Central America. A pair of Sun Bears from’ the Himalayas, were purchased, but one of them, unfortunately, died of heart disease before reaching the Garden; the other

20

arrived in safety, and has proved to be a most attractive resident.

An attempt to imitate one of Nature’s most remarkable associations, by domesticating some Burrowing Owls in the Prairie Dog enclosure, failed signally, a terrific contest hav- ing been the result. It was therefore abandoned, and the Owls given quarters by themselves.

A valuable addition was made on Nov. Ist, consisting of a Malayan or Saddle-backed Tapir, from the jungles of Southern Asia; two small Indian Elephants, a male and female, respectively three and four years old; a) female Black Leopard, to mate the one previously owned by the Society, and a beautiful specimen of the African Oryx An- telope. In December, a pair of young Polar Bears arrived from Hamburg, and were transferred to temporary quarters in the Garden, where they were shortly followed by a half- grown pair of Moose, from Nova Scotia, which are doing finely, and promise well for future developement.

During the summer an attempt was made for the third time to keep a living specimen of the Manatee or Sea Cow (Manatus americanus).

A nearly grown female was procured in the Orinoco River, and arrived from Demerara on the fifteenth of June, apparently in good condition. Everything was in readi- ness for its reception—a spacious tank, water of an even and suitable temperature, well crated and supplied with an excellent imitation of marine salt, in sufficient quantity to keep it brackish. It was fed on such river grasses as were to be procured, which seemed to be suited to its tastes, prin- cipally the Valiisnenia spiralis, and several of the Potamo- gettons, the last of which is closely allied to those plants which probably supplied its necessities in its native haunts.

Notwithstanding these favorable circumstances, the ani- mal steadily lost condition, and finally died on September 5th—two months and twenty-one days after its arrival. It is probable, owing to the impossibility of providing (in con- finement and in this region) for the peculiar wants of this species, that any further attempt towards its domestication in the Garden would be unsuccessful.

The species which have bred in the Garden are somewhat limited in number, owing, in my opinion, to the fact that the present unfinished state of the grounds requires many of them to be kept for the time in cages not adapted in all

aed

at

respects to their habits. The reproductive system of all animals being most easily affected by unfavorable con- ditions of life, it is scarcely to be wondered at that a collec- tion of wild animals, in its early stages, should feel the effects of their surroundings. |

The animals which have been bred in the Garden during the past year, are as follows :-— ;

3 Lions (Felis leo).

1 Leopard (Felis pardus var. javanensis).

6 Prairie Wolves (Canis latrans).

I Dingo (Canis dingo).

21 Prairie Dogs (Cynomes ludovicianus).

4 Fournier’s Capromys (Capromys pilorides).

2 Javan Porcupines (//ystrix javanica).

1 Zebu (Bos indicus).

I Savannah Deer (Cervus savannarun).

1 Common Camel (Camelus dromedarius).

I Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus).

1 Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus).

I Great Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus).

4 Golden Pheasants .( 7haumalea picta).

2 Common Peafowls (Pavo cristata).

The most serious losses by death since last March have been:—the female Tiger, purchased in April, which re- ceived injuries from its mate, resulting shortly in its death ; a female Leopard, which died in the act of producing the unusual number of seven young in one litter; a Seal, (Zalophus gillespi) which died in May, from peritonitis. Another young female of the same species had the habit of generally staying in the water at night. During a very cold night, early in the winter, she lost the air-hole she had kept open to breathe through, and not having strength to break the ice which formed over her, she was found in the morning drowned.

The Malayan Tapir purchased in the fall also died in January, from the indirect results of an old inflammation of the lungs. These animals, with a Giraffe which died during the winter, and the Manatee, form the greater part of the $9,327.75, estimated to be the loss on animals during the year. If it be taken into consideration that the summer of last year was one of unparalleled heat, and that the early part of the winter was almost as remarkable for continued cold, both of which extremes beag with great severity upon animals from milder climates, it will appear that the Society has reason for congratulation, in that the loss for the year was no greater in proportion to the increased value of the collection, than in the year previous.

22

In conclusion, I desire to state that a correspondence has recently been opened with persons in different parts of the United States, who take much personal interest in the ful- fillment of the objects to which this Society has devoted itself, and it is hoped that through their aid much may be done towards perfecting a collection of the North American © Batrachia and Reptilia—in both of which classes of animals our own country is peculiarly rich.

A list of all animals placed in the Garden, by donation and by purchase, from March Ist, 1876, to March Ist, 1877, will be found accompanying.

Respectfully,

ARTHUR E. BROWN, Superintendent.

ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN, March rst, 1877.

23

PioleOrcsADDITIONS TO THE SOCIETY'S MENAGERIE

1876.

March 4.

Io. II.

52; 14. 15, 17. 18. 19. 21.

22.

24.

DURING THE YEAR ENDING FEBRUARY 28, 1877.

1 Wood Duck (Azx sfonsa). Presented by Fred. Mather.

I Gray Squirrel (Sc¢urus carolinensis). Presented by S. N. and G. R. Still, Malvern, Pa.

1 Lion (es feo). Born in the garden.

1 Indigo Bird (Cyanospiza cyanea). Presented by John Pearsall, Philadelphia.

2 Lions (eis feo). Born in the garden.

I Red-tailed Hawk (uteo borealis). Presented by P. Reuter, Philadelphia.

2 Red Squirrels (Sczwrus hudsonius). Presented by Masters S. & J. Wagner, Germantown.

I Red-head Duck (fuligula ferina var. americana). Presented by John Siner, Philadelphia.

I Muskrat (/2der ztbethicus). Captured in garden.

2 Red-tailed Hawks (uteo borealis). Presented by N. H. John- son, Marple, Pa.

I Mocking Bird (Af@imus polyglottus). Presented by Miss Markley, Philadelphia.

I Ring-necked Parrakeet (Palgornis torquata).

1 Thrush. Presented by W. S. Ellis, Philadelphia.

I Red Fox ( Vulpes fulvus). Presented by Thos. Thompson, Sons & Co., Philadelphia.

1 Young Alligator (Aligator mississippiensis). Presented by J. Louis Kates, Philadelphia.

2 Red-tailed Hawks (Luteo borealis). Presented by Geo. Schu- macker, Jr., Abingdon, Pa.

I Wild Goose (Branta canadensis). Presented by The Maxwell’s Point Ducking Club.

I Young Alligator (4/igator mississippiensis). Presented by Gen. Isaac J. Wistar, Philadelphia.

2 Red-tailed Hawks (Buteo borealis). Presented by Geo. Schu- macker, Jr., Abingdon, Pa.

I Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by Joseph Carpen- ter, Philadelphia.

I Red-tailed Hawk (Luteo borealis). Presented by J. C. Doyle, Philadelphia.

4 Flying Squirrels (Pteromys volucella). Presented by Miss Mary H. Morris, Overbrook, Pa.

Mar.

April

ay:

29. 30.

31:

aN oe

PEs

14.

24. 26.

27.

24

I Red-tailed Hawk (4zteo borealis). Presented by J. B. Eshel- man, Ephrata, Pa.

I Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo borealis). Presented by Wm. Gibson, Concordville, Pa.

1 Woodcock (Philohela minor). Presented by Fred. Lentz, Phila- delphia.

I Ghar Horned Owl (Budo virginianus). Presented by E. Maw- son, Philadelphia.

1 Woodchuck (Arctomys monax). Presented by Rev. A. J. Hires, Baltimore, Md.

I Red Fox ( Vulpes fulvus).

I Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by Jos. M. Wilson, Washington, D. C.

I Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by J. B. Eshel- man, Ephrata, Pa.

I Black Squirrel (Scézrus carolinensis). Presented by Thos. M. Robinson, Kellyville, Pa.

1 Raccoon (Procyon lotor). Presented by Edward Macharg, Philadelphia.

I Opossum (LDidelphys virginiana) Presented by Emt. Eng- wight, Marietta, Pa.

4 Angora Goats and 3 Kids (Capra hircus). Purchased.

I Fisher (Mustela pennantiz).

I Black Iguana ( AZetopoceros cornutus).

t Pair, Irish Rabbits (Lepus cuniceulus). Presented by Ph. J. Lauber, Philadelphia.

1 Pair Mule Deer (Cervus macrotis).

4 French Rabbits ‘Le a, \ Eanes

6 Prairie Wolves (Canis /atrans). Born in the garden.

I Javan Porcupine (ystrix javanica). Born in the garden,

1 Pintail Duck (Dafila acuta). Presented.

1 Common Rabbit (Lepus cuniculus). Presented by G. H. Eddy, Philadelphia.

I Pair Bengal Tigers (Felis cagres).

I Jaguar (Fels onca), 3.

1 Bittern (Botaurus minor). Presented by Jos. M. Wilson, Washington, D. C.

1 Common Boa (Boa constrictor). Purchased.

\

\ Purchased.

¢

Purchased.

1 Young Alligator (Aligator mississippiensts). Presented by Master Geo. English, Philadelphia.

3 Golden Pheasants ( Thaumalea picta). 1 S\ 2 Q. \ Pur-

5 Silver Pheasants (Zuplocamus nycthemerus), 2 S 3 9. J chased.

I Robin (Zurdus migratorius). Presented by John Pearsall, Philadelphia.

1 Rose-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis). Loaned by J. J. Springer, Lancaster, Pa.

1 Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps). Presented by Wm. Phillips, Philadelphia. ;

2 Great Horned Owls (Budo virginianus). Presented by Jos. M. Wilson, Washington, D. C.

1 Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus). Born in the garden.

I Snowy Owl (Wyctea nivea). Presented by Henry N. Stewart, Philadelphia.

2 Guinea Baboons (Cynocephalus sphinx), 2 3.

2 Pig-tailed Monkeys (A@acacus nemestrinus), 3, Q. Pur-

4 Macaque Monkeys (Macacus cynomolgus), 3 G1 2. { chased.

I Sooty Mangabey (Cercocebus fuliginosus), 3. '

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April 27.

28.

20.

May 1.

Io.

12.

25

1 Cinnamon Bear (Crsus Americanus var.). Presented by Chas. B. Lamborn, South Pueblo, Col.

2 Mexican Dogs (Canis familiaris). Presented by Dr. H. C. Yarrow, Washington, D. C.

1 American Woodcock (PAzlohela minor). Presented by Philip Rhoads, Lancaster, Pa.

1 Horned Grebe (Podiceps cornutus). Presented by John Siner, Philadelphia.

3 Red Foxes (Vulpes fulvus). Presented by Master Edgar F. Jordan, Philadelphia.

1 Moose (Adce americanus). Purchased.

I Barn Owl (Strix flammea var. americana). Presented. |

2 Screech Owls (Scogs asio). Presented by Edgar Wiestling and John Wiegand, Philadelphia.

1 Young Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). Presented by Frank M. Scanlan, Philadelphia.

I Loon (Colymbus torguatus). Presented by Jos. M. Wilson, Washington, D. C.

I Common Rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus). Presented by E. Krauser & Brother, Milton, Pa.

2 Caribous (Rangifer caribou).

4 Mute Swans (Cygnus olor). | Purchased

I Pair Zebus (‘Bos zzdicus).

I Young Alligator (Adigator mississippiensis). Presented by Wm. Trimble, Jr., Philadelphia.

I Brown Thrush (farporhynchus rufus). Presented by Jos. F. Vogels, Camden. N. J.

1 Brown Thrush (Harforhynchus rufus).

I White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis).

I Black Iguana (Aetopoceros cornutus). Purchased.

2 Pig-tailed Monkeys (Jacacus nemestrinus), 2 %'.

3 Macaque Monkeys (Wacacus cynomolgus),2 3,1 Q. Pur-

I Rhesus Monkey (Macacus erythreus), ot chased,

I Entellus Monkey (Senopithecus entellus),

I Young Alligator (A//igator mississippiensis). Presented by Jas. W. M. Cardeza, Philadelphia.

I Black Snake (Aascanion constrictor), Presented by Peter Sny- der, Centrebridge, Pa.

I Garter Snake (Autatnia sirtalis). Presented by Wm. T. Wie- gand, Philadelphia.

3 Wild Geese (Branta canadensis). Presented by Amos R. Little, Philadelphia.

2 Gray Squirrels (Scturus carolinensis). Presented by Mrs. E. M. Wright, Philadelphia.

2 Brant Geese (Branta berinicla). Presented by D. R. Goudy,

1 Wild Goose (4ranta ae West Creek, N. J.

2 Young Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). Presented by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, Philadelphia.

1 Water Snake (WVerodia fasciata). Presented by Jos. M. Wilson, Washington, D. C.

1 Great Horned Owl (Ludo virginianus). Presented by Stacy B. Shryock, Philadelphia.

2 Flying Squirrels (P¢eromys volucella). Presented by Miss Mary H. Morris, Overbrook, Pa.

4 Water Snakes (Verodia fasciata). Ni Presented by Jos. M. Wilson,

I Garter Snake (Ludatnia sirtalis). J Washington, D. C.

4

Presented by L. Schneider, Philada,

May 13.

14.

By

16.

17.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23. on:

2k.

26.

29.

26

1 Horned Toad (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by Henry Opensham, Manayunk, Pa.

I Loon (Colymbus torguatus). Presented by John Krider, Phila- delphia.

2 Fournier’s Capromys (Capromys pilorides). Presented by Geo. W. Boyd, Philadelphia.

1 Common Rabbit (Lefzs cuniculus). Presented.

1 Common Camel Camelus dromedarius) 3\. Born in the gar- den.

I Peba Armadillo ( Zatusia peba) Y. Purchased.

Red Fox (Vulpes fulvus). Presented by William K. Krips, Philadelphia. :

1 Young Alligator (Adigator mississippiensis). Presented by John K. Valentine, Philadelphia.

I Opossum and young (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by Robins Debow, Cassville, N. J.

1 Laughing Gull (Larus atricilla). Presented by Isaac M. Coch- ran, Philadelphia.

I Mocking Bird (Ahmus polyglottus). Presented by Harry P. Mawson, Philadelphia.

I Carolina Dove (Zenedura carolinensis). Presented by Mrs. Sarah Wilson, Woodstown, N. J.

1 Mule Deer (Cervus macrotis) Q. Purchased.

2 Young Alligators (Adigator mississippiensis). Presented by Mrs. John K. Valentine, Philadelphia.

I Brown Coati (Vaswa nasica) §\. Purchased.

I White Rat (J/us rattus). Presented by Charles Dagit, Phila- delphia.

I Javan Leopard (felis pardus var. javanensis). Born in the garden.

I Mocking Bird (Ahimus polyglottus) Q. Presented by Mrs. L. Guistwhite, Philadelphia.

I Lamprey Eel. Presented by H. R. Allen, Bridesburg, Pa.

I Garter Snake (Zu/ainza sirtalis). Presented by R. H. Lea, Jr., Philadelphia.

1 Common Rattle-snake (Crotalus durissus). . Presented by Wm. Brown, Philadelphia.

I Virginia Deer (Cervus virginianus) §\. Presented by Hugh Mcllvain, Philadelphia.

1 Garter Snake (£zfainia sirtalis). | Presented by

_

2 Specked Turtles (Zmys guttata). ; re.

1 Mud Tortoise ( yah ee piles Taha J 8 ae

I Musk Tortoise (Sternotherus odoratus). | ne.

I Salt-water Terrapin (Zmys terrapin). eel

1 Fournier’s Capromys (Capromys pilorides) S\. Presented.

2 Black-handed Spider-Monkeys (Aéeles melanochir) 2 3. Pur- chased.

1 Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by E. T. Fenton, Philadelphia.

1 Adjutant (Leptoptilos argala). Purchased.

1 Salt-water Terrapin (Zmys terrapin). Presented.

1 Woodchuck (Arctomys monax). Presented by S. F. Platt, Nor- ristown, Pa.

1 Horned Toad (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by J. Kauf- man, Philadelphia.

1 Pine Snake (Prtuophis melanoleucus). Presented by George Cranmer, West Creek, N. J.

May 30.

June

_ .

(SS)

oe

Io.

[Z.

13.

20.

21.

27

1 Brown Coati (aswa nasica). Purchased. 1 Bald Eagle (Haletus leucocephalus). Presented. 13 Horned Toads (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by F. R. Brown, Philadelphia. 4 Golden Pheasants ( 7haumalea picta). Bred in garden. 2 Great Horned Owls (Bubo virginianus). Presented by Thomas Berstler, Doe Run, Pa. 2 Crow Blackbirds ( Quzscalus purpureus). 3 Screech Owls a asto). heures 1 Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus). : Pee 1 Black Snake (Bascanion constrictor). Presented. 2 Racers (Scotophis alleghaniensis). Presented by Master Harri- son L. Verts, Philadelphia. I Red Monkey (Cercopithecus ruber). ) I Squirrel Monkey (Sazmaris scturea). | 2 Weeper Capuchins (Cebus capucinus). 2 Brown Capuchins (Cebus fatuellus). 1 Guinea Baboon (Cynocephalus sphinx), 9. | 1 Green Monkey (Cercopithecus callitrichus), 3. | Purchased. I Spotted Cavy (Celogenys paca). I Ocelot (Felis pardalis), young. | 2 Coatis (asua nasica). 1 Collared Peccary (Decotyles torquatus). | 1 White-lipped Peccary (Décotyles labiatus). 13 Horned Toads (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by Charles Noble, Philadelphia. 5 Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovictanus). Born in the garden. 1 Goltlen-naped Amazon (Chrysotis auripalliata). Presented by Willie W. Walker, Philadelphia. 1 Wild Cat (Lynx rufus). Purchased. I Loggerhead Turtle (Zhassalochelys caouana). Presented by Jerry Nolan, Philadelphia. 6 Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). Born in the garden. 2 Screech Owls (Scops aszo). Presented by M. C. Taylor, Tough Kenamon, Pa. 3 Loggerhead Turtles (Zhassalochelys caouana). Presented by John Fletcher, Philadelphia. 11 Gray Gophers (Spermophilus franklini?). Purchased. I Screech Owl (Scops asto). Presented by Rev. Edgar M. Levy, Philadelphia. 1 Alligator (Ad/igator mississippiensis). Presented. I Water Snake (/Verodia fasciata). Presented by Jos. M. Wilson, Washington, D. C. 9 Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovicanus). Born in the garden. I Manatee (Alanatus americanus), Q. Purchased. 48 Bull Frogs (Rana pipiens). Presented by John H. Dusenbury, Philadelphia. I Loon (Colymbus torguatus). Presented by Adam Matsinger, Philadelphia. : 4 Beavers (Castor canadensis). Purchased. 1 Woodchuck (Arctomys monax). Presented by Wm. R. Strievy, ‘Philadelphia. I Woodchuck (Arctomys monax). Presented by McCadden & Sloan, Philadelphia. 3 Barn Owls (Strix flammea var. am.). Purchased. 1 Chaparral Cock ( Geococcyx californianus). Purchased. 2 Screech Owls (.Scops asto). Presented by Frank Mowrey, Phila.

June 21.

July

22.

23.

28.

15.

16.

28

26 Horned Toads (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented.

2 Peafowls (Pavo cristata). Bred in the garden.

1 Horned Toad (Phrynosoma cornuta), Presented by Mrs. Pas- chall, Paschallville, Pa.

I Red Fox ( Valpes fulvus). Presented by W. W. Whildin, Phila- delphia.

1 Woodchuck (Arctomys monax). Presented by Martin Gold- smith, Camden, N. J

2 Guinea Pigs (Cavia caprera). Presented by Master Walter Godfrey, Philadelphia.

1 Common Rabbit (Lepzs cuniculus). Presented by Miss Emmie Ralph, Philadelphia.

1 Green Monkey (Cercopithecus callitrichus).

1 White-throated Capuchin (Cebus hypolecus). Purchased.

2 Wild Geese (Sranta canadensis). Presented by The Maxwell’s Point Ducking Club.

1 Himalayan Bear (Ussws tébetanus). Purchased.

1 Black Iguana (Aetopoceros cornutus). )

1 Albino Squirrel (Sczarzas carolinensis). t

5 Crested Curassows (Crax alector). |

7 Trumpeters (Psophia crepitans). |

Purchased.

12 Passerine Parrakeets (Ps/ttacula passerina). I Cayenne Rail (Aramides cayennensts). 2 Cinereus Tinamous ( 7?zamus cinereus).

3 Parrakeets (Brotogerys tuipara). | Purchased. I Dove. ; 3 Olive-Gray Tanagers ( Zanagra olivescens). e

1 Troupial (lcterus vulgaris).

1 Crow Blackbird ( Quzscalus purpureus).

4 Greey’s Guans (Penelope greeyz).

2 Gray Foxes (Vulpes virginianus). Presented by A. R. Mc- Henry, Jr., Philadelphia.

I Red-bellied Terrapin (Zmys rubriventris). Presented.

I Screech Owl (.Scops asio). Presented.

1 Marmoset Monkey (//apale jacchus). Presented.

2 Macaque Monkeys (Macacus cynomolgus), 2 3.

2 Pig-tailed Monkeys (A/acacus nemestrinus), 22. Purchased.

I Flicker ( Colaptes auratus). Presented by S. N. Still, Malvern, Pa.

I Cat, White Maltese, one eye blue, the other green. Presented by Miss Mary E. Cattell, Woodbury, N. J.

2 Burrowing Owls (Speotvto cunicularia var. hypogea).

3 Swift Foxes ( Valpes velox). Purchased.

3 Prairie Wolves (Can7s latrans). Presented by Charles Noble, Philadelphia.

1 Young Alligator (AMigator mississippiensts). Presented by Louis Schneider, Philadelphia.

3 Common Rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus). Presented by S. W. Hudson, Hudsondale, Pa.

2 Whip Snakes (Masticophis favigularis). Purchased.

1 Bittern (Botaurus minor). Presented by R. McClinton, Phila- delphia.

6 Burrowing Owls (Sfeotyto cunicularia var. hypogea). Pur- chased.

2 Red Foxes (Vulpes fulvus). Presented by Jos. M. Wilson, * Washington, D. C.

2 Ring Doves (7urtur risorius), Q 3. Presented by E. M. Bruce, Philadelphia.

MI

eee tee ” »

July

Aug.

18.

29

1 Loggerhead Turtle ( 7hassalochelys caouana). Presented.

2 Horned Toads (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by Mr. E. E. Kerper, Philadelphia.

2 Barred Owls (Syrnzum nebulosum). Presented by Jos. M. Wil- son, Washington, D. C.

2 Ring Doves (7urtur risorius). Presented by John Emery, Cheltenham, Pa.

1 Wood Ibis ( 7antalus loculator). Purchased.

6 Horned Toads (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by James Stewart, Jr., Philadelphia.

I Belted Kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon). Presented by Martin Gold- smith, Camden, N. J.

1 Lanier Falcon (/alco lanarius var. polyagrus). Presented.

2 Great Horned Owls (Budo virginianus). Presented by S. N. Hill, Concordville, Pa.

I Turkey Buzzard (Cathartes aura). Presented by S. N. Still, Malvern, Pa.

I Opossum (Didelphys virginiana) and young. Presented by J. Brainard, Washington, D. C.

1 English Blackbird ( Zurdus merula). Presented by L. J. Clark, Philadelphia.

I Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias). Purchased.

I Young Alligator (Adiigator mississippiensis). Presented by Jos. B. Moore, Philadelphia.

2 American Bitterns (Gotaurus minor). Presented by Wm. &

Frank Bowen, Chestnut Hill, Pa.

2 Spotted Cavies (Calogenys paca). q

2 Agoutis (Dasyprocta aguti).

2 Azara’s Foxes (Canis azarae).

I Ocelot (Fels pardals)

2 Squirrel Monkeys (Sazmards scturea).

2 Brown Capuchins (Cebus fatwellus).

5 Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna).

3 Red-and-Blue Macaws (Avra macao).

2 Red-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara chloroptera). |

4 Hahn’s Parrots (Ara hahni).

2 Blue-headed Parrakeets (Pionuws menstruus). | Purchased.

2 Brown-throated Parrakeets (Conurus e@ruginosus).

2 Parrot Macaws (Ara macavauna). |

1 Trumpeter (Psophia crepitais).

I Cayenne Rail (Aramides cayennensis). |

1 Guan.

1 Florida Gallinule ( Galiinula chloropus var. galeata) |

}

I Cuvier’s Toucon ( Ramphastos cuviert).

1 Crested Curassow (Crax alector):

1 White-crested Guan (Pipile jacutinga).

1 Tinamou ( 77?xamus cinereus).

I Greey’s Guan (Penelope grezyt).

1 Gray Rabbit (Lepzs sylvaticus). Presented by E. S. Meader,

2 Chequered Turtles (Amys picta). \ Hestonville, Pa.

3 Sparrow Hawks (Falco sparverius). Presented by James Mel- lor, Hopedale, Pa.

1 Young Alligator (Adhgator mississippiensis). Presented by James H. Keyser, Philadelphia.

I Great White Egret (Ardea egretta). Purchased.

2 Green Snakes (Chlorosoma vernalis). Presented by The Aca- demy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.

Aug.

Sept.

15.

30

1 Garter Snake ( Zud¢atnia sirtalis). Presented by Jas. P. Stabler, Sandy Spring, Md.

1 Spotted Cavy (Calogenys paca). Presented by Wm. G. Bolton,

Philadelphia.

I Horned Toad (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by Hugh Dugan, Philadelphia.

1 Brown Capuchin (Cebus fatuellus). Presented by Charles Bar- rett, Philadelphia.

3 White Rats (AZus rattus). Presented by A. W. Mitchell, Elk- ton, Md.

1 Brown Capuchin (Cebus fatwellus). Purchased.

2 Mexican Squirrels. Purchased.

1 Cat-bird (A@imus carolinensis).

1 Yellow-breasted Chat (Jcteria virens). Presented by

1 Indigo-Bird (Cyanospiza cyanea). John Pearsall, Philada.

1 Wilson’s Thrush ( 7urdus frscescens).

2 Horned Toads (Phrynosoma orbiculare). Presented by Wm. G. Seddinger, Philadelphia.

1 Young Alligator (A//igator mississippensts). Presented by Jas. MacIntyre, Philadelphia.

1 Common Rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus). Presented by How- ard A. Kelly, Philadelphia.

1 Red-headed Woodpecker (A/elanerpes erythrocephalus). Pre-

sented by Geo. Pavonarius, Philadelphia.

1 Horned Toad (Phrynosoma cornuta). Presented by John Sed- dinger, Philadelphia.

4 Reed Birds ( Dolichonyx oryzivorus). Presented by John Pears- all, Philadelphia.

1 Chewink (Prpzlo erythrophthalmus); 1 Brown Thrush (/ar- porhynchus rufus); % Olive-backed Thrush ( Zurdus swain- soni). Presented by L. Schneider, Philadelphia.

I Copperhead Snake (Agkistrodon contortrix). Presented by A. W. Mitchell, Elkton, Md.

1 Pair Flying Squirrels (Pteromys volucella); 1 Common Rabbit (Lepus cuniculus). Presented by Miss Fannie H. Bryan, Vincentown, N. J.

I Pair Raccoons (Procyon Jotor). Presented by George H. Johnson, Philadelphia.

I Green Snake (Chlorosoma vernalis). Presented by Howard A. Kelly, Philadelphia.

1 Tern. Presented by Walter Godfrey, Philadelphia.

2 Virginia Deer (Cervus virginianus),2 Q. Presented by Dr. Givin, Philadelphia.

2 Common Rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus). Presented.

I Red Fox (Vulpes fulvus). Presented by Andrew Rudolph, Philadelphia.

1 Macaque Monkey (Macacus cynomolgus). Purchased.

I Tern. Presented by John Pearsall, Philadelphia.

4 Beavers (Castor canadensis). Purchased.

I Striped Snake. Presented by James P. Stabler, Sandy Spring, Maryland.

1 Alligator (Alfigator mississippiensis). Purchased.

I Javan Porcupine (//ystrix javanica). Born in the garden.

1 Brown Capuchin (Cebus fatwellus). Presented by John W. Beebe, Philadelphia.

2 Copperhead Snakes (Agkistrodon contortrix). Presented by Kirk Brown, Pleasant Grove, Pa.

Oct.

17.

18.

19.

20.

aati

22, a5. 26.

yi 28.

29. 30.

31

3 Catbirds (A@imus carolinensis). Presented by John Pearsall, Philadelphia.

1 Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus). Presented by, Philip Hohl, Philadelphia.

4 White Rabbits (Lepas cumdcelus).

8 Guinea Pigs (Cavia caprera). Presented by Master Charles N. Backus, Germantown, Pa.

2 Cuban Boas. Purchased.

1 Young Alligator (Adligator mississippiensis). Presented by J. L. Haines, Philadelphia.

1 Common Rabbit (Lepus cemicelus). Presented by Mrs. J. C. Givens, Camden, N. J

1 Water Snake (erodi2 fasciata). Presented by Theo. Roberts, Philadelphia.

2 Fournier’s Capromys (Capromys pilorides). Born in the garden.

2 Common Boas (Boa constrictor). Purchased.

1 Young Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). Presented.

1 Muscovy Drake. Presented by the Park Commissioners, Phila- delphia.

3 Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). Presented by William Yewdall, Philadelphia.

1 Garter Snake (ZLutainza sirtalis). Presented by Miss J. S. F. Kerr, Philadelphia.

I Jackass (Zguus astnus). Presented by P. S. Hutchinson, Phila- delphia.

2 Woodchucks (Arctomys monax). Presented by James Davis, Oakdale, Pa.

1 Oryx (Oryx leucoryx), S\. Purchased.

1 Opossum (LDidelphys virginiana), 3’. Presented by J. W. Pike, Vineland, N. J.

2 Bald Eagles (Haletus leucocephalus). Purchased.

1 Macaque Monkey (Macacus cynomolgus). Presented by Gen. A. T. Torbert, Milford, Del.

2 Prong-horn Antelopes (Axéilocapra americana). Purchased.

I Short-eared Owl (Srachyotus palustris). Presented by John Pearsall, Philadelphia.

2 Blue-headed Ground Doves (Starnenas cyanocephala). 1 Key West Pigeon (Geotrygon martinica). 2 Carolina Doves (Ze- nedura carolinensis), from Cuba. 2 Zenaida Doves (Zeneda amabilis). 1 Barred Dove ( Geofelta striata). 2 Cuban Quails (Ortyx cubanensis). Presented by E. F. Cabada, Philadelphia.

I Least Bittern (Ardetta exilis). Presented by George DeHaven, Jr., Philadelphia.

I Ring Dove ( Zurtur risorius). Presented by Dr. Noah Martin, Philadelphia.

I Rhesus Monkey (Macacus erythreus). Presented by Moses Johnson, Yardville, N. J.

I Virginia Quail ( Ortyx virginianus). Presented by Mrs. M. R. Sweeney, Philadelphia.

2 Great Horned Owls (Bubo virgintanus). Presented.

3 Raccoons (Procyon lotor); 2 Great Horned Owls (Budo vir- ginianus). Presented by J. D. Towner, Blount Spring, Ala.

I Red-tailed Hawk (Luteo borealis). Presented by James P. Massey, Philadelphia.

1 Great Horned Owl (Budo virginianus). Presented.

2 Ravens (Corvus corax). Presented by John W. LeMaistre, Philadelphia.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

at.

ASE

$Y

13.

14. 4.

We

20.

21.

22.

zy

24,

32

1 Maltese Cat (Felts domestica), GJ. Presented by Henry G. Mehring, Philadelphia.

I Malayan Tapir (Zaperus malayanus), S\. 2 Indian Elephants (Llephas indicus), 3.Q. 1 Black Leopard (Felis pardus), 9. I Chacma Baboon (Cynocephalus porcarius), §\. 2 Eider Ducks (Somateria mollissima). Purchased.

2 Fournier’s Capromys (Capromys pilorides). Born in the garden.

1 Menopoma (Aenopoma alleghentensis). Presented by Dr. Henry C. Chapman, Philadelphia.

I Snowy Owl (Nyctea nivea). Presented by Josiah Fitzgerald, Philadelphia.

I Red-tailed Hawk (Auteo borealis). Presented by Windle & Doan, Coatesville, Pa.

I Snowy Owl (Vyctea nivea). Presented by W. Carpenter, Jr., Salem, N. J.

I Alligator (Alligator mtssissippiensis). Presented by Dr. E. J. Eldridge, Americus, Ga.

1 White-throated Capuchin (Cedus hypoleucus); 1 Black-handed Spider-Monkey (AZeles melanochir); 1 Red-billed Tree-Duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis); 4 Parrakeets (Brotogerys tovt). Purchased.

1 Badger ( Zaxidea americana). Purchased.

1 Vervet Monkey (Cercopithecus lalandit); 2 Macaque Monkeys (Macacus cynomolgus); 2 Pig-tailed Monkeys (dZacacus ne- mestrinus); % Mandrill (Cynocephalus mormon), 29; 1 Bon- net Monkey (Aacacus radiatus), 9. Purchased.

1 Wild Turkey (AZ@eleagris gallopavo). Presented.

I Robin ( Zurdus migratorius). Presented by Mrs. Lewis W. Moxey, Philadelphia.

1 Barn Owl (St7x flammea var. am.). Purchased.

1 Barred Owl (Syrutum nebulosum). Purchased.

I Screech Owl (Scofs asio). Presented by Mrs. Stewart, Phila- delphia.

1 Snowy Owl (Vyctea nivea). Presented.

1 Pair Spanish Bantams. Presented by A. B. Goodyear, Phila- delphia. '

1 Green Monkey (Cercopithecus callitrichus). Presented by Alex. Cattell, Jr. Philadelphia.

1 Young Alligator (Al/igator mississippiensis). Presented by Samuel F. Kelly, Roxborough, Philadelphia.

1 Horned Toad (Phrynosoma cornuta), Presented by Wm. N. Famous, Philadelphia.

1 Black Spider Monkey (A?¢eles ater). Presented by Robt. Kevin,

Philadelphia. .

I Bald Eagle (Haetus leucocephalus). Purchased.

1 Loon (Colymbus torquatus). Presented. ,

1 Common Gannet (Sz/a dassana). Presented by W. H. Zern, Atlantic City, N. J.

I Red-tailed Hawk (Luteo borealis). Presented by Lemuel Xavier, Philadelphia.

1 Snowy Owl (Vyctea nivea). Purchased.

I Bittern (Aotaurus minor). Presented by H. B. Case, Loudon- ville, Ohio.

3 Bantams. Presented by Spencer Trotter, Philadelphia.

5 Ruffed Grouse (Lonasa umbcllus). Purchased.

I Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by Ellwood Johnson, Germantown, Philadelphia.

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Jan.

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2 Moose (Alce americanus), 2 §\. Purchased.

2 Polar Bears ( Ursus maritimus). Purchased.

I Snowy Owl (WVyctea nivea). Presented by W. C. Farnsworth, Philadelphia.

I Virginia Deer (Cervus virginianus), 9. Presented by W. F. Whitner, Philadelphia.

I Red-tailed Hawk (4zteo borealis). Presented by J. Richard- son, Rutland, Vt.

4 Goldfinch Hybrids. Presented by A. W. Stevenson, Philad’a.

I Bald Eagle (Watetus leucocephalus). 1 Caracara Vulture (Polyborus tharus var. auduboniz). Purchased.

I Screech Owl (Scofs asto). Presented by John Krider, Phila- delphia.

I Dusky Duck (Aas obscura). Presented by W. H. Zern, At- lantic City, N. J.

I Rough-legged Hawk (Archibuteo lagopus). Presented by W. R. Miller, Lewisburg, Pa.

10 Quail (Ortyx virginianus). Purchased.

I Mexican Squirrel. Purchased.

I Lynx (Lynx canadensis). Purchased.

2 Cardinal Grosbeaks (Cardinalis virginianus). Purchased.

I Zebu (Bos indicus), 9. Born in the garden.

I Screech Owl (Scofs asto). Presented by Melvin Lawton, Phila- delphia.

I Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo Lineatus). Presented by T. C. Ivins, Tullytown, Pa.

I Newfoundland Dog (Canzs familiaris), J. Presented by T. Mason Mitchell, Roxborough, Philadelphia.

I Red-tailed Hawk (Luteo borealis). Purchased.

I Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus). Born in the garden.

I Dingo (Canis dingo). Born in the garden.

I Virginia Deer (Cervus virginianus). Presented by Louis J. Ladner, Jr., Philadelphia.

I Screech Owl (Scops asio). Presented by S. N. Still, Malvern,

Pa,

I Lynx (Lynx canadensis). 1 Snowy Owl (Myctea nivea). Pur- chased.

I Ocelot (els pardalis). Presented by John D. Bliss, Philadel- phia.

I Golden Eagle (Aguzla chrysetus). Purchased. g Salamandra bilineata. 6 S. erythronata. 8 Triton niger. Captured by Keeper Shepherd.

. 15 Triton niger. Captured by Keeper Shepherd.

I Weeper Capuchin (Cebus capucinus). Presented by C. P. Tunnell, Georgetown, Del.

3 White-haired Porcupines (£rethizon dorsatus). Purchased.

I Hybrid Fowl (Cross between Turkey and Guinea). Presented by Hon. S. B. Conover, of Florida.

1 Red-shouldered Hawk (Auteo ineatus). Presented.

I Screech Owl (Scofs asto). Presented by J. G. Hand, Phila- delphia.

4 Menobranchus maculatus. Purchased.

9 Salamandra bilineata. 2S. ruber. Captured by Keeper Shep- herd.

4 Blue Jays (Cyanurus cristatus). 1% Sparrow Hawk (falco spar- verius). Purchased.

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“MI Go

13: 15.

16.

we 18.

20.

Ay 28.

34

2 Salamandra ruber. Captured by Keeper Shepherd.

1 Cooper’s Hawk (Accipiter cooperit). Purchased.

1 Great Horned Owl (Bubo virgintanus). Presented by H. S. Thomson, Indiana, Pa.

1 Common Rabbit (Lefzs cuniculus). Presented by J. H. Barry, Philadelphia.

I Blue Jay (Cyanurus cristatus). Purchased.

1 Red-shouldered Hawk (#uteo dineatus). Presented by Sergeant Jas. Spear, Fairmount Park Guard.

1 Virginia Deer (Cervus virginianus). Presented by F. G. Thorn, Philadelphia.

1 Great Horned Owl (&ubo0 virginianus). Presented by Eman- uel Spitz, Philadelphia, i

I Yellow Terrapin (Pseudemys concinna). Presented by Theo- dore L. Harrison, Philadelphia.

I Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by J. W. Sharp, jr:, Reeseville, Pa.

2 White Rats (Mus rattus). Presented by Miss Florence M. Jones, Philadelphia.

I Golden Eagle (Aguzla chrysetus). Presented by Andrew Bate- man, Dover, Del.

2 Common Rabbits (Lefzs cunitculus). Presented by Edward Kk. McEwan, Philadelphia.

I Ring Dove (Zurtur risorius). Presented by Miss Tryon, Philadelphia.

I Red Fox (Vulpes fulvus). Presented by Geo. Grim, Phila- delphia.

I Quail (Ortyx virginianus). Presented by Edward S. Miles, Philadelphia,

1 Pair White Rats (us rattus) and young. Presented by Jas. B. Thomas, Philadelphia.

I Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by Jesse L. John- son, Eddington, Pa.

I Sparrow Hawk ( Falco sparverius). Presented by Master Henry Sargent, Philadelphia.

2 Common Rabbits ( (Lepus cuniculus). _ Presented by Master Edw. Hacker, Germantown, Philadelphia.

3 Lynxes (Lynx canadensis) ; 3 Menobranchus maculatus. Pur- chased

1 Opossum (Didelphys virginiana). Presented by E. S. pice Philadelphia.

1 Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus); 1 Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo borealis). Presented by Emanuel Spitz, Philadelphia.

2 White Rats (JZus rattus). Presented.

1 Turkey Buzzard (Cathartes aura). Purchased.

35

APFERDIDEG:

To the Board of Directors of The Zoological Society of Philadelphia: GENTLEMEN :—I have the honor of presenting my report as Prosector of the Society.

It is with much satisfaction that I call your attention to the very marked improvement in the condition ofthe menagerie, and have great pleasure in attributing it to the many excellent hygienic measures recently introduced at the garden. Not only has the mortality diminished abso- lutely, but also relatively. When the many numerous addi- tions to the garden are taken into consideration—by com- paring the tabular list. of the animals which have died in the garden, and sent to me for examination by the Superin- tendent, during the past twelve months, with that in the preceding report—it will be seen that the causes of death are generally the same—usually unavoidable—being evils inherent to the nature of animals in Zoological Gardens. Where no organic disease is specified the animal seems to have simply wasted away. As regards the disposition of the remains, whenever anything valuable presented itself it was preserved, prepared, and deposited either in the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, or that of the Academy of Natural Sciences. Among those specimens, in addition to skeletons, viscerz, etc., may be mentioned a collection of brains, which have been photographed by Dr. Andrew Parker, and made use of as the basis of his prize essay on the “Convolutions of the Brain,’ recommended for publication by the Faculty of the University.

Below will be found the list of animals which have been subjected to me for examination :—

June

Sept.

—

Oct.

ies)

Nov.

14. Dec. Io.

Feb, “0.

Mi a rch

= ST N NBN OO ON UN

— —_— £Oo50

36

Name of Animal.

Weeper Capuchin (C. capucinus). . Macaque Monkey (JZ. zemestrinus). Ostrich (5. camelas). 5.32 = Caribou (2. carzbou) .

Llama (L. peruana). , Macaque (J/. memestrinus). Sun-Bear (47. ezryspilis).

Hatr Seal (Z. gzllespitz).

Wedge-tailed Eagle (4. audax). oe

Macaque (JZ. cynomolgus). Antelope (4. americana). Caribou (2. cartbou). Tiger (/. zagrzs) . j Mute Swan (C. olor). . Manatee (J7. americanus).

Coati (JV. masica) .

Australian Crane es australasiana)

Entellus Monkey (.S. ee tS Rhea (2. americuna). - Flamingo (P. ruber). .

Paca (C. paca). : Kangaroo Rat (/7/. rufesceus). Coati (A. nasica).

Macaque (J. nemestrinus). Brown Capuchin (C. fatuellus). .

Tasmanian Devil (D. wrsinus). Chacma Baboon (C. porcartus).

Macaque Monkey (JZ. memestrinus).

Lioness (/. /eo).

Australian Crane Ge: quite alasiana). Green Monkey (C. callitrichus). Macaque (7. cynomolgus). Flamingo (P. ruber). .

Kangaroo Rat (77. rufesceus).

Caribou (2. caribou). .

Peccary (D. /abiatus). : Black Spider Monkey (4. ater). Green Monkey (C. callitrichus). Tapir (7; malayanus) , Ocelot (7. pardahs).

Giraffe (C. gzraffa). .

Vervet Monkey (C. lalandii.

Respectfully,

Cause of Death.

. Inf. of Intestines.

“ce 66

_ Fracture of Thigh. . Heart Disease.

. Tuberculosis. . Inf. of Intestines.

. Valvular disease of heart. . Heart Disease.

. . Wound in Leg. . Inf. of Trachea.

. Pericarditis.

. Phthisis.

. Inf. of Trachea.

. Apoplexy.

. Inf. of Stomach.

. Rupture of Stomach. . dof. of Liver.

. Astites.

. Hydrothorax.

. . Phthisis. Wh..-throated Capuchin (C. hypoleuchs). . Bone in throat.

. Hyperthrophy of Heart. . Tuberculosis.

. Hydrothorax.

Inf. of Liver.

. Effusion on Brain.

Inf. of Lungs.

. Pericarditis. . Pleurisy.

. Tuberculosis.

. Inf. of Intestines. . Cong. of Spinal Marrow. . Abscess in Neck. . Phthisis.

HENRY C. CHAPMAN,

r, 1377

Prosector.

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