te erersenrsosore 3 N : . ’ 5 ; . . ’ ‘ 3 » < Ny N ’ . ; 2 ’ ’ . an ¥ % 4 : yf : aes a : 3 Ri 3 > 3 : : . . ’ aa m 2 } u pa x \ : - 8 5 ‘ Ny ‘ - a Ri N ‘ a ‘ ‘ 4 s 3 “a N 4 NN 4 * MN } As uy i ‘ A ‘ “ is ‘ a 4 ‘ 2 q . ; j " FY M ~ 3 ' Re x ax N “ + Oy. | s 4 oo z 5 i . eee i bad * . en \ S i ‘ coy N aN Ne yy Sec iy x b v. Na ; Sy Na ae SS RW | \ wy “« v “Y ? x 3 3 » BAS : WS a: + bs - ‘3 oN ft ‘ SNS ‘ ; . ‘ ¥ 7 . Whe ‘ . . . % ; Se Oe SY RAR ARR oy a : ee ee ay : : NYS SX a SOS WO AYN : i: wy au. 7 ag . rf ans . ‘ ORR < . : | | RASS ws SASS RA RAS 3 a 4 + . ! bY: Fr ; : q “4 ; t.%7 ae pee f a ‘ ke mee Ls ond ; “e ee: i | * - Oe ea = . : 4 - 6 ae at Se er eer + j , a A 4 : P pte lk e 7) ‘ . # 4 ‘ b Barred ‘ 4 ‘ * _ 4 b ? ‘ Le 2 aC : te i ' Z : : — re vA le 5 Fn ah 4 . ; : " . * ' . ‘ i : bs. i % a) hed ¥ . + : : ‘ ki 4 Fi rt eee 2 » ioe - | : 7 Fa) ~ ey ~ ra - q ks f ‘ . = ' 4 ¢ M - > “ ; — ¢ : ey U- ~ £ - , ’ f s - , ’ x. Le a m : ae ; aie ah , * = as ) 7 cE ‘ e . ' ye NF) ah . 3 ; : x , - were te < 3 E ez * , ‘ ar) = = con of ay x +h 3 dae i : : ae te ‘ Le . y , pis ; ; ! oe - rr ' = Fi at = ; Re Fy © ou = tS A : eg OY na el ; g : . . 4 , - F F * re a * *. ? 5 : P ~ .-, . my ‘ . . ‘ 4 : A » . e - , heen § Mr 7 . & " d pey : we ee ee ee ee t ri ’ = . * ¢ , : j ae = | b a 4... 4 ’ + - ‘ i ' A e ee 2. 7 = ws ae aS uaa New York State Education Department Science Division, May 6, 1908 eon AS. Draper LLD. | Commissioner of Education Str: I have the honor to communicate herewith for publication -asa bulletin of the State Museum, the annual report of the State Entomologist, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1907. | Very respectfully Joun M. CLARKE Director State of New York Education Department COM MISSIONER’S: ROOM Approved for publication this 7th day of May 1908 AS Rivet Commissioner of Education. Education Department Bulletin Published fortnightly by the University of the State of New York Entered as second-class matter June 24, 1908, at the Post Office at Albany, N. Y., under the act of July 16, 1894 No. 433 ALBANY, N. Y. OcTOBER 15, 1908 New York State Museum Joun M. Crarke, Director EPHRAIM PorRTER FELT, State Entomologist Museum bulletin 124 23d REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 To John M. Clarke, Director of Science Division I have the honor of presenting herewith my report on injurious and other insects of the State of New York for the yee ending October 15, 1907. . The climatic conditions of 1907 have departed widely from those of normal years and, as a result, the development of animal and plant life was exceptionally late. Warm weather came on very rapidly and all vegetation grew at such a rate that insects appeared unable to inflict material damage in many cases, consequently, there has been a remarkable dearth of injurious outbreaks, par- ticularly in the early part of the year, and presumably due largely to this cause. An exceptional event was the capture by Dr Theo- dore P. Bailey of this city, of two specimens of the exceedingly woe ene onprephos brephoides Walk. [pl. 2, fic. 1], the specimens being taken the last of April in St Lawrence county and deposited in the State Museum. Fruit tree insects. The San José scale is one of the most serious insect enemies of the horticulturist. The spread of earlie years has continued, and in places where very little effort has been made to check its ravages, the scale has become remarkably abundant and in some instances at least, practically ruined the entire crop. Our experiments of earlier years show very clearly that a lime- sulfur wash is thoroughly effective in destroying the scale as well ee NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM as beneficial in checking certain other insect pests and fungous diseases. We have steadfastly insisted that it was wiser to use some such material than to employ the more easily applied mineral oils or preparations of the same, known as miscible or “ soluble” oils, because the latter, under certain conditions at least, may seriously injure the trees. This has been done in the face of a determined effort by certain parties to boom oils and oil prepara- tions as the most available remedies for San José scale. Despite the fact that these last named materials are valuable under certain conditions, it remains true that we must still rely in large measure upon the lime-sulfur wash for the control of this pest. Our con- servative recommendations, we believe, have deterred many from seriously injuring valuable orchards by making injudicious use of the more dangerous oil preparations. The operations of the grape root worm in the Chautauqua region have been observed during the season and, in our judgment, there is a marked improvement oyer the conditions of earlier years. This change is partly due to the higher price of grapes and the consequent better care and fertilization given the vineyards, though - it is possible that natural conditions have been of material service in reducing the numbers of this pest. It is still true that this enemy is abundant in certain limited areas, and danger of serious injury to vineyards here and there is by no means past. | Shade tree protection. Continued devastations by several shade tree pests have necessitated the giving of considerable attention to this phase of economic entomology. A bulletin on the white marked tussock moth and the elm leaf beetle, our two most in- jurious species, was issued in May and a number of warning articles sent to the press throughout the State. The general result has been exceedingly beneficial and much interest has been aroused. The agitation of earlier years secured the appointment of a forester by the city of Albany. ‘This official was placed in charge of the trees, and the spraying with poison resulted in marked benefit, despite the hindrances incident to work of that character. The city of Troy, through municipal agencies, accomplished considerable along this line. It is only a question of a few years before a number of other cities will be compelled, by the severity of insect ‘epredations, to adopt some protective measures or lose many valuable trees. The experience of the last decade has demonstrated beyond all question the possibility of protecting our trees from injuries by such leaf feeders as the elm leaf beetle and the white wr = .— ae REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 7 marked tussock moth. It is practical to spray the trees so thoroughly that even in localities where the elm leaf beetle and the tussock moth caterpillars are rather abundant, there will be no serious injury to the foliage, and those interested in this work should insist upon the maintenance of such a standard. Gipsy and brown tail moths. The work of last year in watch- ing for the appearance of these insects within the borders of New York State has been continued. Many caterpillars of various species, all native we are happy to state, have been sent in by dif- ferent correspondents, some fearing that they had found one or - the other of these pests. These fears, we are pleased to state, were groundless and, so far as known to us at the present time, neither of these species has obtained a foothold within our boundaries, though the gipsy moth has recently been discovered at Springfield and Greenfield, Mass. Several days in June were spent in the infested territory, investi- gating in particular the recently undertaken work with parasites. Thousands of these beneficial forms have been brought into this country, taken to the laboratory at Saugus, reared to maturity, the dangerous hyperparasites destroyed and the beneficial forms lib- erated under conditions favorable to their multiplication. Our in- vestigations showed that certain of these European enemies had survived the winter and there is at least a fair prospect of consid- erable benefit resulting from this systematic importation of natural enemies. The situation is distinctly more encouraging than was the case last year. A general campaign of repression has been con- ducted most vigorously and the beneficial result therefrom is easily seen in Boston and vicinity. Furthermore, the federal government, through its Department of Agriculture, is cooperating with the Mas- sachusetts authorities in an effort to prevent the further spread of the gipsy moth in particular. This latter phase of the work consists largely in keeping all highways free from caterpillars, so as to make it impossible for automobiles to carry these leaf feeders into unin- fested regions. The gipsy moth is being combated strenuously in Rhode Island and Connecticut and there is a very strong probability that the few insects in the last named state will be speedily ex- terminated. _ Forest insects. There were two outbreaks the past season of exceptional interest. The green striped maple worm, Anisota rubicunda Fabr. was very abundant on sugar maples in Berlin and Stephentown, Rensselaer co., stripping the leaves from large 8 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM blocks of forest and proving injurious over hundreds of acres. The snow-white linden moth, Ennomos subsignarius Hubn. was extraordinarily abundant on beech trees in the Catskills, de- foliating large areas in and about the township of Hardenburg. Both of these outbreaks are unusual, as neither of these species has been injurious in New York State for some years. Detailed ac- counts of these insects have been prepared and are given in subse- quent pages. Aquatic insects. The studies of our fresh-water insects have been continued. Prof. James G. Needham has completed his report on the work done at Old Forge, N. Y. in 1905, and the results are given in appendix C. This report is particularly valuable on account of the new methods employed in ecological work of this character and because of its additions to our knowledge of the food of fish. There are in addition biological notes on a number of aquatic forms. This report also embodies a valuable addition to our knowledge of the midges (Chironomidae) by Dr Johannsen. Furthermore, the large amount of new matter, relating to stone flies (Plecoptera) and the caddis flies (Trichoptera), acquired at this time by Messrs Needham and Betten, has been withheld for monographic accounts of these groups. Professor Needham’s studies of the stone flies are nearly completed and they will prove an extremely valuable addition to our knowledge of this group. Dr Betten, who has been investigating the caddis flies for the past six years, has nearly completed his report upon these forms. The investigations of these two gentlemen, when published, will con- stitute in connection with bulletins previously issued by this office, an unrivaled contribution to our knowledge of the aquatic insects of the State, a group which is of great economic importance owing to its value as fish food. Gall midges. This group comprises among its members, sev- eral insects of prime economic importance, such as the Hessian fly, the wheat midge, pear midge and some other destructive forms. Furthermore, there is every probability that some other of our native species may become destructive in the near future. Our in- vestigations have already disclosed hitherto unsuspected injuries by members of this group. We have succeeded in identifying several European forms not previously known to occur in this country. During the season we succeeded in rearing probably well over 100 species, a considerable number of them proving to have been un- described. Appendix D contains descriptions of over 50 new REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 9 species, most of which were reared in 1907, together with a number of preliminary keys. The State collections in this group represent probably over 600 species. We have already described over 250 new forms, and it would not be surprising if, after working over the material, there were nearly as many more to characterize in addition to those previously described by other workers. The classification of our American species has been in a chaotic state, making it practically impossible to identify many of our forms. Our work, now well in hand, will establish, when issued, a much needed classification of this important group. It will be an ex- tensive contribution, presumably of about 800 pages. The rearing of these insects requires a great deal of time and attention, and the marked success along this line last season was due very largely to the devotion of Assistant Entomologist D. B. Young. The collecting of the insects and the galls in the field also requires considerable time, and much of this work has been attended to by assistant I. L. Nixon. Mr J. R. Gillett, a medical student, was engaged throughout the summer in making microscopic mounts of these insects, some 2000 most excellent slides being prepared. Gall mites. Several of these extremely minute forms are now recognized as injurious to the fruit interests and it is probable that further investigations will bring to light hitherto unsuspected in- juries by the members of this group. It is extremely gratifying to include as appendix B a catalogue of the “ Phytoptid” galls of North America by George H. Chadwick, Zoologist. Publications. Numerous economic articles have been con- tributed by the Entomologist to the agricultural and local press. The large number of*new species of Cecidomyiidae taken in 1907 . made it advisable to issue preliminary descriptions of some at least, and a reprint from the report entitled: New Species of Cecido- myudae, published January 30th, characterizes 179 new species. The second volume of Insects Affecting Park and Woodland Trees [N. Y. State Mus. Mem. 8] appeared February 25 and has repeat- edly proved its value during the past season. The demand for information respecting shade tree pests led to the issuing of a | special bulletin on the White Marked Tussock Moth and Elm Leaf Beetle [N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 109], which appeared May 10, while the report of the Entomologist, owing to delays, was not issued till July 16. Collections. The special collecting and rearing of Cecido- myiidae by members of the office staff_has resulted in enormous IO NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM additions to this group, they being particularly valuable because many of the forms are represented by both sexes, and in not a few instances by the larvae and the gall from which the insects are reared. Other additions to the State collections have been large, there being a total of over 10,000 pinned specimens. A number of very desirable species have been obtained through exchange. A representative collection of New York State insects is almost necessary for satisfactory work along economic lines. The as- sembling of a large lot of insects involves far more labor than the average man suspects. The additions to the State collection during the past three or four years have ranged from 10,000 to 15,000 pinned specimens, all of which have to be properly labeled, assigned to their various groups and eventually determined. There has been, since the present Entomologist took charge of this office, an approx- imately sixfold increase in the size of the State collection. The Federal Bureau of Entomology, through the Smithsonian Institu- tion, has about six trained experts in charge of as many groups of insects, and they in turn have at their command a number of: assistants. These men classify and arrange specimens, thus cov- ering (though in much greater detail) a field which we must care for with but two assistants, not to mention the other lines of work. A large proportion of the curatorial work in connection with arrang- ing the collections devolves upon the assistants, and it is a pleasure to state that material progress has been made along this line. Assistant Entomologist D. B. Young has, during the past year, given considerable time to classifying the parasitic wasps, Ichneu- monidae, and a portion of the Braconidae and also Hymenoptera belonging to the following groups: Pompilidae, Larridae, Bembec- idae, Nyssonidae, Philanthidae, Pemphredonidae and Crabronidae. He has also done more or less incidental work with the Diptera. Assistant I. L. Nixon determined and arranged a number of the solitary bees, Andrenidae, assisted in arranging the Ichneumonidae and determined and arranged many of the Curculionidae. In addi- tion he went over the Hill collection, noticed below, repairing and arranging many of the specimens and is responsible for a portion of the catalogue of this collection. ; The Hill collection, an exceptionally valuable addition to the State collections, was received through the generosity of Erastus D. Hill, Carrie J. Hill Van Vleck and William W. Hill, heirs of the late William W. Hill, who desired that the father’s work should be maintained as a permanent memorial of his REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 Il labors in entomology. This collection, consisting of some 10,000 specimens and representing over 3000 species, is in excellent con- dition. It contains a large number of native forms as well as representatives from Europe, Asia and Africa. The Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, Hesperidae, Sphingidae and Noctuidae are particularly well represented, as may be seen by reference to the catalogue pub- lished as appendix A. The preparation of this catalogue has devolved upon the assistants in the office, first assistant D. B. Young being largely responsible for its arrangement. Office work. The general work of the office has progressed without any serious interruption, the Assistant Entomologist being responsible for the correspondence during the absence of the Ento- mologist. There has been a well sustained popular interest in the search for the occurrence of either the gipsy or the brown tail moth in the State, and as a result a considerable number of insects have been sent in for determination. There has been, owing to con- ditions unfavorable to insect injury in the early part of the year, some falling off in the correspondence as shown by the following figures: 1447 letters, 598 postals, and 915 packages were sent through the mails and 126 packages were shipped by express. Nursery certificates. The state of Virginia still insists that all certificates accompanying shipments of nursery stock in this State shall be indorsed by an official entomologist, and upon request of the State Commissioner of Agriculture, we have continued as in past years to indorse certificates issued by his office. The fol- lowing is a list of firms to whom these nursery certificates were issued during 1907: S. B. Huested, Blauvelt; Dansville Nursery Co., The Rogers Nurseries; Stark Bros., Morey & Son, Bryant Enos, Geo. A. Sweet, G..W. Whitney & Go., all of Dansville; Wheelock & Clarke, George S. Joselyn, T. S. Hubbard, all of mredomia, Reliance Nursery Co., R.-G. Chase & Co., The M. H. Harman Co., Sears, Henry & Co., all of Geneva; Jackson & Per- kins Co., Newark; The Fairview Nurseries, Brown Bros. Co., Olver Bros., Western New York Nursery Co., Chase Bros. & Co., Ellwanger & Barry, H. S. Taylor & Co., Greens Nursery Co., all of Rochester; Lake View Nursery Co., Sheridan. Voluntary observers. Certain of these correspondents of the office have submitted reports at various times during the growing season, though owing to the scarcity of destructive insects there has been a marked decrease in these records. I2 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM General. The office is indebted to Dr L. O. Howard, Chief of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agri- culture and to members of his staff, for kindly determining various insects submitted to them throughout the year. We desire to state in conclusion, that there has been a hearty cooperation on the part of those in touch with the office and a’ con- tinued demand for our publications. The reports and bulletins issued by this office contain a mass of information which will be of service not only to entomologists but to those interested in the suppression of insect pests. Respectfully submitted EPHRAIM PoRTER FELT State Entomologist Office of the State Entomologist, Albany, October 15, 1907 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 13 INFURIOUS INSECTS Green striped maple worm \ Anisota rubicunda Fabr. This species was responsible, in a large measure, for the extensive injuries inflicted upon the hard maples in and about Berlin; . Rensselaer co., N. Y. during late summer. The caterpillars were so abundant over considerable areas as to literally defoliate acres of trees besides inflicting much injury upon many others over an extended tract. en | This outbreak commenced in 1906 and at that time was supposed to be the work of the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria MHutbn., as no specimens were submitted by which its identity could be established. The initial outbreak occurred in a sugar bush a short distance north of Center Berlin, and in 1906 a number of acres were defoliated in this section. The injury in 1907 was first reported to this office August 12, at which time some sugar orchards had been stripped of their leaves and others were _ badly infested by the caterpillars. A personal investigation of the conditions September 14 showed that this insect had been abundant over an area ranging from the vicinity of Stephentown through North Stephentown, South Berlin and north of Berlin Center, the greatest injury being inflicted in the vicinity of the last named vil-. lage. The first signs of the infestation were observed a little to the north of Stephentown, on small roadside sugar maples, some of which had lost most of the foliage on the upper branches, while the smallest trees were nearly denuded of leaves. This attack, for some inexplicable reason, appeared to be confined almost entirely’ to the smaller trees, as not a few large sugar maples along the roadside were exempt from injury. The hills to the east of the road from Stephentown north, showed evidence here and there of extended feeding, while at North Stephentown large tracts were nearly defoliated. Just north of Center Berlin one sugar bush of some six or more acres had been entirely stripped and at the time of our visit the trees were throwing out new leaves [pl. 1, fig. 2].. It is worthy of note that this species has been recorded by Miss Patch as defoliating maples in certain localities in Maine during 1907. Previous outbreaks by this insect have been limited to but one or 14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM two years. Our investigations referred to above showed that in some sections of the infested area at least, healthy pupae were quite abundant and it would not be surprising were the depredations of last year to be repeated over a more extended area in 1908. Early history. This species rarely inflicts extensive injuries in New York State. Dr Lintner, writing of this form in 1902;,. states that the caterpillar very seldom appears in harmful numbers in New York or the Eastern States. He adds that it was reported that year from Monticello, Sullivan co., N. Y. on the grounds of Mr John D. Lyon, where a number of soft maple trees had been completely defoliated during the summer. This injury, however, was insignificant compared with the outbreak observed in this State during 1906 and the present season. This species has long been known as an enemy of soft maples, particularly in the Central and ‘Western States. Messrs Walsh and Riley, writing in 1869, state that they have known of maples being badly stripped by this cater- pillar, while Townend Glover, the following year, states that it causes considerable injury to silver maples at Washington, D. C. Riley, in 1872, records this species as a serious enemiy of soft and silver maples, publishing at that time a brief statement of its injuries in Kansas. Furthermore, he states that many of the soft maples of Lincoln, Neb. were stripped by this pest in August 1888. Messrs Riley and Howard record depredations by this species in Mississippi during the year 1890. Prof. Herbert Osborn, writing in 1897, states that it sometimes strips maples in Iowa. Dr J. B, Smith, in his List of Insects of New Jersey, ranks this form as sometimes injurious to soft maples and more rarely, oak. Description. The adult insect is a rather heavy bodied moth with a wing spread of about 134 inches. It is easily recognized by: the pale rose colored fore wings crossed by a broad, oblique, pale yellow band and the pale yellowish hind wings. The body is also yellowish. The males may be recognized by the more pectinate antennae. A nearly white variety of this species has been described by the late Professor Grote. Pupa. It is about 34 inch long, shining dark brown and tapering to a rather sharply pointed posterior extremity. Larva. The full grown caterpillar or larva is about an inch and a half long. It has a yellowish head, is pale yellowish green and is alternately striped longitudinally with eight very light yellow- ish green lines and seven darker green ones, the latter inclining to black and the median one usually darkest. Laterally, on the ~~. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 15 7th and 8th abdominal segments, there is frequently a large reddish area. Furthermore, this caterpillar has on the 2d tho- racic segment, just behind the head, a pair of long, black spines, and on the posterior extremity shorter, stout spines on the roth and 11th segments. These spines are represented on the inter- vening segments by minute, black points arising from similar tubercles. There are also two lateral rows of short spines similar to the smaller ones in the submedian dorsal lines; the ventral spines being decidedly larger. Spiracles rather large, black. 7 The eggs, according to Professor Riley, are deposited in a Ex = Fic. 1 Green striped maple worm, larva feeding, pupa, natural size. (Original) batches of 30 and upward on the under side of a leaf. The indi- vidual egg is 1/20 of an inch long, nearly oval, somewhat flat- _tened and a translucent pale greenish, becoming yellowish with age and eventually showing the black head of the larva just before hatching. es : Food plants. This species feeds by preference on maples and in the Western States at least, exhibits a marked partiality for the soft maple, though our recent experience in New York shows it can thrive on the hard or sugar maple. Dr Lintner states that this species will feed on oak in captivity, while Dr Smith Grates tat if rarely feeds on oak in nature. The attack at Berlin was confined almost entirely to sugar maples, though a 16 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM few beech trees adjacent to the defoliated trees, lost most of the leaves on the upper branches. Life history. The insect passes the winter as the dark brown pupa described above. The pupae are readily found in the vicinity of infested trees, within an inch or so of the surface of the soil. Sometimes they are so abundant that Io or 15 may be taken in a square foot, though this segregation is probably due to the condition of the ground at the time the worms are seeking shelters for hibernation. There appear to be two broods of this insect in Pennsylvania and that latitude. Melsheimer, writing to Harris from Dover, southern Pennsylvania in 1842, states that there are two broods of larvae in that section, as he had taken caterpillars toward the end of July and again many hundreds about the last of Septem- ber. There appears to be but one generation in the North, the moths having been recorded by Professor Packard as appear- ing about the middle of June. The eggs, according to Dr Riley, are deposited in batches of 30 or more on the under side of the leaves, a single moth laying as many as 142. The young larvae hatch therefrom in 8 or 9 days and about a month later the caterpillars attain full growth, desert the trees and enter the soil to undergo their final transformations; the worms pupating in midsummer in sections where there are two generations, remain in this stage about 14 to 16 days. Natural enemies. This species is subject to attack by several parasitic insects. Dr Riley records Frontina ‘Tem @ae Wills Belvosia bifasciata-Pabr. and Iinigeeaeee fugitiva Say as parasites of this form. He also alludes toa record of an egg parasite, probably either a Telenomus or a Trichogramma having been,obtained by Mr William Saunders. : It is very probable that a number of our native birds are very efficient destroyers of this leaf feeder. Mr Edward Willbrant of Center Berlin, Rensselaer co., N. Y., had several acres entirely defoliated by this pest, and one of his sons informed the writer that crows had been quite abundant in the infested woodland after the caterpillars became numerous. It is very probable that these birds are of considerable service in destroying the caterpillars, particularly after the latter have attained some size. Remedial measures. ‘This leaf feeder is easily controlled on more valued shade trees, by thorough spraying with an arsenical poison, such for example, as arsenate of lead. Obviously these REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9Q07 ¥7 measures are inapplicable to an extended forest area because of the enormous expense involved. The exceptional nature of the outbreak justifies the expectation that it will not continue more than two or three years, and such seems to have been the history in earlier attacks. Practically the only thing that can be done is to take advantage of the situation to emphasize the importance of protecting our native birds, and if possibie to create a sentiment which will result in a substantial change in the present popular attitude toward these feathered allies. The depredations of leaf feeding insects are becoming more severe with advancing years, one of the most striking instances being the widespread injuries inflicted by certain species upon shade trees in our larger cities. The English sparrow, for ex- ample, has driven most of our native birds from the confines of our larger cities and, as a consequence, we have periodic out- breaks by the white marked tussock moth, Hemerocampa leucostigma Abb. & Sm., a species which has in recent years defoliated thousands of trees in New York cities and vil- lages. This insect, prior to the advent of the English sparrow, was regarded as an innocuous or harmless form, and such is its normal status in the country where native birds, particularly those which feed upon hairy caterpillars, are relatively abundant. The recent extended outbreak of the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria Hubn. is another illustration, and | the injuries inflicted by this species are probably chargeable, in a large measure, to the great destruction of bird life in recent years. Dr William T. Hornaday of the New York Zoological ‘Society, recently estimated that there has been a decrease of about 48% in the number of our birds during the past 15 years. These figures, taken in connection with the enormous number of insects devoured by birds, are very: significant. Protection and encouragement of birds. The most important step in bird protection, according to E. H. Forbush, Ornitholo- gist of the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture, is to protect birds about the home and endeavor to increase their numbers. Mr Forbush states that while it may be difficult-for the individual to secure a permanent increase of migratory in- _sectivorous birds on his farm, he can augment the number and size of the broods reared on his place, and thus increase the summer bird population. It is also possible to double the usual number of winter visitants. He cites the interesting case of 18 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Prof. C. F. Hodge of Worcester, Mass., who has in three years been able to show an increase of 300% in the native bird popula- tion of a city block. The initial step in this work is to provide conditions adapted to the wants of birds. Mr Forbush states,’ “that such a place should be so situated as to provide shelter from cold northerly winds and storms. It must be well watered, and should be pro- vided with small patches of coniferous trees, and wind breaks of trees, shrubs and vines. Large groves of pines or other conifers are not particularly desirable as they provide nesting places for crows, jays, hawks and other enemies of small birds. It should have a great diversity of vegetation, including a variety of fruit-bearing plants. A portion of the land should be wooded. If there are too many trees, they may be cut in much less time than it takes to grow them; and those trees, shrubs and vines that are especially attractive to birds may be left. It is well to leave some dead trees or dead limbs in which the woodpeckers can breed, for, unless these birds can be induced to nest about the farm, the trees will suffer from many insidious insect foes.” Mr Forbush mentions white oaks, white or gray birch, the common gray alder, elms, pines, larches and hemlocks as being most attractive to various birds. He also gives in the above cited volume a rather long list of fruit-bearing trees, shrubs and vines furnishing food for birds. Attracting and feeding the native winter birds is another line of effort productive of much pleasure and at the same time of considerable practical importance. It has been stated, for ex- ample, that a pear orchard in New York State, badly infested by psylla, was practically cleared of the pest by nuthatches ~vhich worked in the orchard all winter. Many valuable insect- ivorous birds will remain about the farm if only slight provision is made for their comfort. Mr Forbush states that sparrows prefer some shelter such as thickets and tangles of deciduous bushes and trees and will even take refuge in brush piles. A little chaff scattered about the door, after a snow fall, is very attractive to these birds. He states that certain winter birds readily take shelter in sheds or even in poultry scratching sheds protected by ordinary 2 inch wire mesh. The birds are safe in these latter retreats from both cats and hawks. Mr Forbush recommends as winter food for birds, chaff from barn floors, Se ‘1907. Forbush, E. H. Useful Birds and their Protection, p. 372. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 19 millet seed, sunflower seeds, either in the head or detached, and advises hanging up in the orchard pieces of carrion, suet or other animal food for the benefit of jays and crows. These latter birds resort to such supplies when unable to obtain food in nature and there is much less danger of their molesting the smaller birds or devouring the winter berries upon which the smaller forms depend so largely for sustenance. Provision should also be made for summer birds if we would have these delightful and beneficial companions upon our prem- ises. Mr Forbush, in order to accomplish this end, recommends the feeding of the early appearing birds in April with a little cracked corn, oats, wheat, barley or millet seed and providing them with suitable bathing places. The latter should be where there is little danger from attacks by cats or owls. The water should range in depth from % inch to 2 inches and must be fresh. Nesting places for swallows can easily be provided by making an entrance at least a foot wide in the gable ends of barns not otherwise provided with openings. There should be some provision inside for nesting places similar to the rafters in the old-fashioned structures. Chimney swifts can be induced to remain in the neighborhood by attaching to the barn a box of boards about the size and shape of the old-fashioned chimneys. Mr Forbush states that it is not necessary that this structure be upon the top of the building, though it should be out of the reach of cats. Appropriate nesting places should be provided or made accessible for the other small birds. | The above measures, though perhaps trivial in themselves if only one ,or more are adopted, are capable of exercising con- - siderable influence upon our bird population, and if generally adopted throughout a given section of the country, should be productive of great practical benefit, since the increased num- ber of birds would be a most important check upon destructive insects. ; . Bibliography — 1793 Fabricius, J. H. Syst. Ent. 3:429° (Original description) 1842 Melsheimer, F. E. Harris’ Ent. Correspondence, p. 116-17. (Observations on life history, as Dryocampa) 1862 Harris, T. W. Ins. Inj. Veg. Ed. 3, p. 408. (Adult described, as Dryocampa) mos diminesa |. Ac Ent. Soc. Phila. Proc.. 3:426-27. (Larva de- scribed, as Dryocampa) 740) NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 1867 Walsh, B. D. Prac. Ent. 2:72. (Mentioned, as Dryocampa) 1869 ———————- & Riley, C. V. Am. Ent. 2:61. (Mentioned, as Dryocampa) . 1869 Packard, A. S. Guide to Study of Ins. p. 300. (Mentioned) 1870 Glover, Townsend. U.S. Dep’t Agric. Rep’t p. 83. (Mentioned, as Dryocampa) 1870 Saunders, William. Can. Ent. 2:75-76. (Larva described, as Dryocampa) 1873 Riley, C. V. Am. Nat. 7:518. (Mentioned) 1873 ———_———- Nox. & Ben. Ins. Mo. 5th Rep’t, p. 137-40.. (Brief account, as Dryocampa) 1874 Grote, A. R.’ Buf. Soc. Nat. Sci. Bul. 2, p. 153: (Variety ates described) 1874 Lintner, J. A. Ent. Contrib. No. 3, p. 133: (Larva desemiedwaae Dryocampa) 1877. Andrews, W. V. Can. Ent. 9:179=80. (Larva described, as Dryo- campa) ; 1878 Thomas; C. Nox. & Ben. Ins. Dil. 7th Rep’t, p. 106;/¢ggeee (Mentioned, as Dryocampa) 1880. Martin, J. Nox & Ben. Ins. Ill t0th Rep’t, p. 125 0iaeee described, as Dryocampa) 1881 Packard, A. S. U.S. Ent. Com. Bul. 7, p. rog-1o. (General ac- count) 1887 Grote, A. R. Can. Ent. 19:52. (Larva described, as Dryocampa) 1887 Lintner, J. A. -N. Y. State Ent: 3d-Rep’t, p. or. (Mentionedwas Dryocampa) | 1888. Riley, C..V. -U. S. Dep’t Agric. Rep’t, p. 140. (Brief account) 1889 Lintner, J. A. N. Y. State Ent. 5th Rep’t, p. 197, 198, 200. (Men- tioned, as Dryocampa) 1890 Riley, C. V. U.S. Dep’t Agric. Rep't, p: 253-55. (Sumuniameenes count) 18900 Packard, A. S. U. S. Ent. Com. 5th Rep’t, p. 392-04) “(Same mary account, as Dryocampa) 1891 Riley, C. V. & Howard, L. O. Ins. Life, 3:157-338. (Parasites and note) 1893 Lintner, J. A. N. Y. State Ent: oth Rep’t, p. 295, 422, 455. (Men- tioned, as Dryocampa) 1894 Neumogen,.B. & Dyar, H. G. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 2:148. (L isted) : 1895 ' Lintner, J. A. N. Y.. State) Ent: 10th Rep ty p.aser. (Mentone as Dryocampa) 1895 Comstock, J. H. Man. for Study of Ins. p. 349. (Brief notice, as Dryocampa) 1897. Osborn, Herbert. Ia. State Hort. Soc. Trans. 1896. p. 92. (Injuries) 1900 Smith, J. B. Ins. N. J. p. 392. (As Dryocampa) 1902 Dyar, H. G. List N. Am. Lep. p. 75. (Synonomy) 1903 Holland, W. J. Moth Book, p. 95. (Brief notice) 1904 Hopkins, A. D, U. S, Dep’t Agric. Div. Ent. Bul. 48, p. 20. (Listed) REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 21 moo) Pelt. i. PP. N--Y: State Mus..Mem. .8, 2:537-38. (Summary account) 1907 Patch, E. M. Me. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul. 148, p. 263. (Defoliating maples, as Dryocampa) Antlered maple caterpillar Heterocampa guttivitta Walk. The curious larva of this species is a somewhat general feeder and has attracted more or less notice because of its variable coloring and somewhat remarkable structure. It does not seem to have been hitherto recorded as a destructive leaf feeder. This species was associated with the green striped maple worm,. Anisota rubicunda Fabr. in defoliating extensive areas in the townships of Berlin and Stephentown. An idea of the extent of the injuries may be gained by reference to page 13. Caterpillars of this form must have been rather abundant, as a number were sent in with the Anisota larvae August 12, despite the fact that ‘they were then much smaller than this better known form. This species was also very destructive over large areas of maple and beech forests in Maine and injurious to apple trees, as recorded by Miss Patch. Description. The following characterizations of the various stages have been drafted very largely from Packard’s extended descriptions. : Adult. The parent insect is a rather heavy, pale olive-gray moth with a wing spread of 1% to about 2 inches. The wings are variably marked with white scales and patches and darker scallopings. Larva. The recently hatched larva of this species is less than 3/16 of an inch long, dull reddish and most remarkable on account of the nine dorsal pairs of chitinous processes, much resembling the antlers of deer, the anterior horns arising from the segment just behind the head. The anterior pair each have four long, curved horns, while the others are smaller and simpler. This curious armature disappears after the first molt and there are then evidences of longitudinal stripes. Successive molts result in great variations in color, in the third stage the ground color being yellowish green and marked by a broad, median, reddish brown stripe, which. latter has conspicuous dilations on the third abdominal segment. Subsequently the markings become lighter, the larva being mostly light green with variable reddish brown mark- 22 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ings just behind the head, on the third abdominal segment and near the posterior extremity. The markings vary much in different larvae, there usually being a broad, reddish brown area, frequently forked anteriorly, just behind the head and extending to the first abdominal segment and an irregularly expanded area on the third abdominal segment. The reddish markings at the posterior ex- tremity are more variable, sometimes being rudimentary. The full grown larva is about an inch and a half long, has a rather small head, with the body increasing in size to the fourth abdominal segment, from which it tapers; the posterior extremity being slender, usually elevated and the last pair of abdominal legs extending behind as two small divergent processes. Pupa. The pupa is rather short, thick, stout, about 34 of an inch long and with a pair of short, stout, angulate appendages at the posterior extremity. Life history. This species, according to Dr Packard, deposits eggs at Brunswick, Me., as early as July 3, the larvae hatching therefrom by the 11th or 12th. The young caterpillars feed for a time on the under‘side of the leaf, at first eating away small, irregular patches. The first stage lasts about nine days, the second probably four or five days. Full growth is attained in about a month, though belated individuals may occur as late as the end of September. The larva, when annoyed, has a habit of jerking its head suddenly from side to side as though trying to drive away some assailant. This species appears to live by preference on sugar maple, red maple and oak, though it has also been taken on apple, chestnut, beech and viburnum. Miss Patch records beech as a preferred food plant in Maine. Distribution. This insect appears to have a wide distribution, it having been recorded from Florida and Georgia, north and east- ward through Maine to St John’s Bluff and westward as far as Fort Collins, Col. Dr Packard states tuat it is a rare species im Colorado. | : Natural enemies. These caterpillars are subject to attack by a number of predaceous forms. Miss Patch states that in Maine the fiery ground beetle, Calosoma calidum Fabr., was very abundant about the base of infested trees and that one of the soldier — bugs, Podisus modestus Dall., was quite active in destroy- ing the pests. Remedial measures. The discussion of remedial measures given in our account of the green striped maple worm, Anisota rubicunda Fabr., would apply with equal force to this species. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 23 Bibliography fees Waker, i. iep. Brit. Mus.:Cat: 5:9902. (As Cecrita gutti- yitt-a) =o50 ——-——_ Lep. Brit. Mus. Cat. 7:1748. (As Cecrita albi- plaga) 18560 Herrick-Schaffér Ausser. Schmett v. 1, f. 514. (As Dry- monia mucorea) , 1604. Packard, A. S. Ent. Soc. Phila. Proc. 3:372-3. (Described as Lochmaeus cinereus) woos. .Walker, .F. Lep. Brit. Mus. Cat. 32:413. (As Mesogada SO0-D11a ) nog secudder, os. Eo. Elarris’ Ent. Correspondence, p: 134. - (As feerverocampa doubledayi) foie rencw,. G. 1.) Can, “Ent: 12:83-84:° (Larva described, as meterocampa pulverea ; in error) fom Packard. A. S.. U.S: Ent..Com: Bul. 7, .p.. 46-47... (Quotes French) 1882 Grote, A. R. New Check List N. Am. Moths, p. 19 (Synonomy) isao seackard, A. S. U. S. Ent. Com. 5th Rep’t, p. 150 Clarva and moth, as Heterocampa pulverea, in error); p. 308 (adult de- scribed, as Lochmaeus cinereus); p. 218, 424. (Listed) 1890 ————————._ Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist. Proc. 24:544-47. (Larva de- scribed) 1891 Dyar, H. G. Psyche, 6:178. (Larva described) fogr Smith, J.B: List Lep. Boreal Am.’ p. 31 1892 Kirby, W. F. Syn. Cat. Het. Lep. 1:564. Synonomy p. 565 (As Peetetocampa doubledayi. Scudd.) 1894 Neumogen, B. & Dyar, H. G. Am. Ent. Soc. Trans. 21:207. Oxs Cecrita guttivitta) 1894. ———___—_—_—_——-_ NN. Y.. Ent. Soc. Jour. 2:117 1895 Packard, A. S. Monogr. Bombycine Moths, p. 230-35. (Ex- tended account) ) 1896 Lintner, J. A. N. Y. State Ent. 11th Rep’t, p. 265. (On apple) pogo, smith, J. B. Ins. N. J. p 456. (As Cecrita guttivitta) 1902 Dyar, H. G. List N. Am. Lep. p. 254. (Synonomy) 1906 Felt, E. P. N. Y. State Mus. Mem. 8, 2:727. (Listed) 1907 Patch, E. M. Me. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul. 148, p. 262-63. Ex- tensive injuries recorded) Snow-white linden moth Ennomos subsignarius Hubn. This species, though generally known some years ago as a destruc- tive enemy of shade trees, has attracted very little notice in recent years. The past summer, however, the caterpillars were found in immense numbers defoliating beech trees in Ulster county. An investigation of the outbreak, made by assistant I. L. Nixon, showed that the area of greatest injury was about half a mile long and 24 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ranged from 1% to %4 of a mile in width. The outbreak occurred on Graham mountain, some 13 miles southeast of Arkville on the west side of a ridge running in a southwesterly direction and at an altitude of approximately 3700 feet. The caterpillars were so numerous that practically all the younger beech trees and the lower branches of the larger trees were completely defoliated, and in a few instances trees 35 to 40 feet high were entirely stripped of leaves, the pest devouring everything except the midrib and larger lateral veins. Early history. This leaf feeder is best known on account of the serious injuries inflicted by the caterpillars on the shade trees of New York, Philadelphia and other cities prior to about 1880. Mr A. R. Grote, writing of this species in 1881, states that this pest used to be so common in Brooklyn when he attended school there in 1857 and subsequently, “that the horse-chestnuts, elms and maples, the latter especially, became completely defoliated and the brown measuring worms used to hang down and cover the side- walks ultimately to the great discomfort of passers by.” The situation in Brooklyn was so serious in 1861, according to Lintner, that the Common Council contemplated passing an ordinance com- pelling the removal of all linden trees from the public streets. Other writers in 18606 and later allude to the great injuries inflicted by these caterpillars upon shade trees, particularly those of Phila- delphia. A paragraph in Popular Science Monthly for 1881 [4:381] states that “ for several years the measuring worm preyed - on the leaves of the trees in Philadelphia to such an extent that early in the summer scarcely any foliage would be left remaining.” This condition continued till the introduction of the English spar- row, which latter, though a serious pest on many accounts, was the means of ridding our cities of this voracious measuring worm. The benefit resulting from the activity of the bird, appears to have been short-lived, as we now have in the white marked tussock moth, Heterocampa leucostigma Abb. & Sm, a pest that appears to be fully as destructive as the species under discus- sion, though in some respects more easily controlled. This measuring worm is now coming into prominence as a destructive enemy of forest trees. Prof. J. H. Comstock, iim report for 1880, states that specimens of this Geometrid were received from Mr Adam Davenport of Morgantown, Fannin co., Ga. with the statement that the insects had first been observed in the county two years before, and that they had spread rapidly and =e REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 © 25 were then destroying forests of hickory and chestnut and, in addi- tion, inflicting much damage on fruit trees. A later outbreak in Iowa was recorded by Prof. Herbert Osborn in 1896. He states that this species was unusually. destructive in one of the south- _ eastern counties (Washington), a correspondent of his reporting that the measuring worms had defoliated “acres and acres” of ‘timber land. There is, in addition, the outbreak in the Catskill forests mentioned above. This measuring worm appears to be making a place for itself ‘among the more destructive leaf feeders affecting some of our fruit trees, particularly the apple. The outbreak in the Georgia forests referred to above, was accompanied by much injury to fruit trees in that vicinity. Prof. H. Garman, writing of this insect in 1904, states that this species has for several seasons been very injurious to an apple orchard in Muhlenberg county, Ky. It would . not be surprising if a number of outbreaks, hitherto attributed to our more common canker worms, were in reality the work of this species. Description. The eggs of this moth are about the size of a small pin head, conical in shape, somewhat coiapressed at the points. They are first yellowish, then olive-green and later dark brown. They are covered with a thick, sticky, glutinous matter and adhere firmly to the object on which they are deposited. Larva. Length 2 inches. Head a dull reddish or yellowish brown, the thoracic shield darker and distinctly fuscous along the margins. The body mostly a dull brownish black, the suranal plate and anal prolegs yellowish brown. There are irregular, yellowish markings along the sublateral lines, they being repre- sented by inconspicuous dots on the second and third thoracic ond segments. On the first abdominal segment these markings are so thick and contiguous in some specimens as to give the appear- | ance of short, sublateral lines extending most of the length of the segment. On the third abdominal segment the yellowish mark- ings are distinctly produced Jaterally and towards the median line, forming a pair of submedian irregularly oval, reddish yellow marks, very suggestive of tubercles: On the remaining segments this sub- lateral marking is indicated only by inconspicuous dots, a pair on the anterior and posterior annulets of each segment, the yellow markings becoming a little thicker and more irregular on the 11th, 12th and 13th segments. Head distinctly broader anteriorly, the clypeus sunken, yellowish brown, the labrum pale yellowish with 26 : NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM a few conspicuous yellowish setae, the antennae short, yellowish at the base, the basal segment yellowish, the second segment pro- longed, reddish yellow, narrowly yellowish at the extremities and with a few coarse setae apically; mandibles reddish brown, fuscous apically, irregularly bidentate; labial palpi three jointed, mostly pale yellowish, spinneret pale yellowish. True legs a variable yel- lowish and reddish brown, the distal segments somewhat darker, the first pair of prolegs dark brown basally, yellowish brown apically, the anal prolegs mostly yellowish brown, venter nearly the same color as the dorsum, except that portion between the prolegs, which is a variable yellowish green and yellowish brown. Pupa. The pupae are found among the leaves, being sheltered by a very light, thin, yellowish brown cocoon. The pupa is about 1 inch long, the general color being a yellowish brown, irregularly spotted with dull black. Antennae, leg and wing sheaths closely fused and extending to the tip of the fourth abdominal segment, the terminal segment pale yellowish or yellowish straw; cremaster composed of an irregular group of four stout, dark brown, re- curved hooks, two distal, two subapical and then two pair of more slender ones, the more distal being lateral and the others dorsal. The adult [pl. 1, fig. 1] is a rather slender bodied, usually snow- white insect having a wing spread of about 1%inches, the female being a little larger. This moth, according to Professor Packard, may be at once known by its snow-white body and wings, the angulated forewings and notched hind wings. Life history. The eggs of this species are deposited usually on the underside of the branches and remain unhatched till the following spring. The young measuring worms appear with the unfolding foliage and, when abundant, trees may be defoliated within two weeks. The caterpillars attain full growth in five or six weeks. The investigations of the outbreak in Ulster county were made July 26, at which time most of the caterpillars were full grown and some had even entered the pupal stage. The final transformations are usually undergone within a shelter of leaves drawn and fastened together with silken strands. Adults were bred from the specimens taken, in the Catskills July 31 and August I. The eggs are deposited shortly thereafter, and in the North at least, remain unhatched till the following spring. Professor Comstock states that many eggs in the Georgia outbreak were deposited on leaves, and this led him to conclude that in the South there was probably more than one generation annually. ae REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 a Food plants. This species is evidently somewhat of a general feeder. Among shade trees, it evinces a marked fondness for linden; horse-chestnut, maple and elm, while in the forests beech, hickory and chestnut are seriously damaged. It has also been re- garded as quite destructive to apple under certain conditions and has been recorded as feeding on birch. Distribution. This species is evidently widely distributed in the eastern United States at least, having been recorded from Nova Scotia south to Georgia and westward to Colorado. Natural enemies. The English sparrow is a most effective check on this species in cities and it is presumable that a number of our native forms feed upon the caterpillars in the country. It is very probable that the large reduction in bird life in recent years is responsible in considerable measure for increasing depredations by this and other insects. The better protection of native birds must be regarded as one of the most efficient means of preventing insect outbreaks in forests. Pe rsinele -parasite, Macrocentus iridescéns French, hds been reared from this species, though undoubtedly other parasitic enemies as well as a number of predaceous forms, prey upon it. Preventive measures. The preventive measures discussed in the account of the green striped maple worm, Anisota rubi- cunda Fabr. should apply equally to this pest. Bibliography 1806 Hiibner, Jacob. Samml. Exot. Schmet. vol. 2. (Original de- scription as Eudalimia) 1855 Harris, T. W. Hovey’s Hort. Mag. 21:418-23 1857 Guenee, A. Spec. Gen. Lep. 9:181 1860 Walker, F. Lep. Het. Brit. Mus. List, 20:209 moarosones, J. B.. Ent. Soc, Phila, Proc. ..1:31.. (Mentioned, as Geometra niveosericearia) 1864 Glover, Townend. U. S. Dep’t Agric. Rep’t, p. 554. (Men- tioned) : . 1866 ‘Walsh, B. D. Pract. Ent. 1:57. (Brief account) 1868 Packard, A. S. Am. Nat. 2:333. (Mentioned, as Eudalimia) 1869 —————————.. Guide to Study of Ins. p. 32. (Mentioned) 1872 Lintner, J. A. Ent. Contrib. 1:77. (Listed) , 1874. LeConte, J. L. Gardners Month. 16:325-26 1876 Packard, A. S. U.S. Geol. Sur. Terr. 10:528. (Description, dis- tribution, as Eugonia) 1878 French, G. H. Nox. & Ben. Ins, Ill. 7th Rep’t, p. 243-44. (Larva and adult described, as Eugonia) 28 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ‘ 1880 French, G. H. Can. Ent. 12:43. (Macrocentus iri- descens bred from larva, as Eugonia) 1881 Comstock, J. H. U.S. Dep’t Agric. Rep’t. 1880. p. 27agyeueee jurious, as Eugonia) 1881 Grote, A. R. Geol. Geog. Sur. Terr. Bul. 6, p. 588. (Early injuries, as Eugonia) 1881 Packard, A. S. U. S. Ent. Com. Bul. 7, p. 62.- (Brief Hoteceas Eugonia) 1882 Dodge, C. R. Can. Ent. 14:30-32. (Injuries; life” hisegemeee Eugonia) 1882 Lintner, J. A. N, Y. State Ent. ist Rep’t, p. 320.. (Listeay 1883 . Dodge, C. R. Ent. Soc..Ont. -Rep’t. 1882. p. 18. “(Same see above) | 1883 Saunders, William. Ins. Inj. Fruits, p. 111. (Brief notice, as Eugonia) ; 1885 Lintner, J. A. N. Y. State Ent. 2d Rep’t, p. 60, 76, 77. (Injuries) 1890 Packard, A.S. U. 5S. Ent. Com. 5th Rep’t, p. 232-33) ggG=0 eum 354, 481. (Life history; injuries, as Eugonia) 1691 Smith, J. B.:. List Gep. p65 1893 Lintner, J. A. Ins. Life, 6:184. (Mentioned, as Eugonia) 1896 ———___——_—__N Y.. State Ent. 11th Rep’t, p. 121-266. (Men- tioned) 1896 Hulst, G. D. Am. Ent. Soc. Trans. 23:372. (Synonomm) 1896 Osborn, Herbert. U.S. Dep’t Agric. Div. Ent. Bul 6 niegeeee (Injuries in forests, as Eugonia) 1899 Lugger, Otto. Minn. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul. 61, p. 230-31. (Brief notice) : : ; 16g9. “Smith; J. B. Ins. N..J.-p» 440 1902 Dyar, H. G. List Lep. p. 336. (Synonomy) 1903. Holland, W. J. Moth Book, p. 348. (Distribution) 1904 Garman, H. Ky. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul. 116, p. 79-81. (General account) 1904 Gibson, Arthur. Ent. Soc. Ont. 34th Rep’t, p. 56. (Life history) 1906 Felt, E. P. N. Y. State Mus. Mem. 8, 2:725. (Food plants) Apple leaf folder Ancylus nubeculana Clem. Examples of leaves infested by this interesting form were received from Cattaraugus county September 17 with the state- ment that it was doing considerable damage to apple trees in that vicinity. This species is rarely abundant enough to cause material injury, though on account of its peculiar method of operation, it frequently attracts notice and may occasionally cause serious injury. The common name, apple leaf folder, exactly describes the work of the caterpillar, since the dark yellowish green, black marked REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 29 caterpillar is most easily recognized by the apposed halves of in- fested leaves, their edges being held together by strands of silk. Early history. The dark brown, white marked moth was first described by Clemens in 1860, and the first record of injury is given by the late Prof. Charles V. Riley, who in March 1877, re- ceived specimens from Mr O. C. Chapin of East Bloomfield, Ontario co., N. Y. with the statement that in 1876 the trees were seriously injured, one fourth of the leaves being infested. The same year Professor J. H. Comstock of Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. noted that the species was common in some orchards of New York State. It also appears to have been numerous in Wisconsin in 1878, since Dr P. H. Hoy writes of it as a serious orchard pest. Dr J. A. Lintner, in his report for 1891, records a case where about one half of the leaves of an orchard at Palmyra, Wayne co. were infested by this species, though he considers the insect of comparatively slight economic importance. This leaf folder has also been recorded as abundant in Ontario (Canada) orchards in 1895 and again in 1903. : Description. The parent moth has a wing spread of about -% of an inch, is dark brown and the forewings are marked by con- -spicuous white areas near the anterior margin and on the posterior margin near the extremity with a rather broad, oblique, whitish stripe. The original description by Clemens follows: Forewings white with a dark brown dorsal patch extending from the base to the middle of the wing, with its costal edge irregular or doubly curved. The oblique central fascia is almost obsolete except on the middle of the costa where it appears as a dark grayish brown spot, and in the middle of the wing beneath it is a grayish brown round spot exterior to which is a short black dash. The wing above the inner angle is varied with grayish brown and brownish. The costa exterior of the middle is alternately streaked with white and brownish, becoming reddish brown toward the tip. Extreme apex reddish brown. | Pupa. The yellowish brown pupa of this species has been described by Professor Riley practically as follows: Length 3% of an inch. The wing sheaths extend to the fourth abdominal seg- ment, the antennal sheaths not quite so far. The anterior and posterior borders of each abdominal segment are armed dorsally with a transverse row of minute decurved spines, anal segment quite sharp. Larva. Length about % inch. Head a yellowish orange, thoracic shield yellowish, the body a variable fuscous yellowish 30 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM green. The head is somewhat flattened, labrum reddish brown, the mandibles fuscous apically and the small antennae are whitish basally, pale orange near the middle and semitransparent apically. The large thoracic shield has irregular black markings at the lateral posterior angles, the body is somewhat more fuscous laterally and the setigerous tubercles are rather large, lighter than the body and each bears a single fuscous hair. Anal plate yellowish with a conspicuous irregular, transverse, black spot on the posterior half. True legs with the basal segment fuscous yellowish, the other seg- ments dark brown or black, prolegs pale yellowish green. | Life history. The life history of this species has been sum- marized by Professor Riley practically as follows: The moths appear in the spring and presumably deposit their eggs upon the leaves, the young larvae hatching in the early part of June. The leaf is folded gradually by drawing the edges together, so that the upper surfaces are nearly apposed and the structure forms a secure shelter [pl. 2, fig. 2]. The caterpillars live in this retreat, feeding only upon the parenchyma and may be found throughout the summer and autumn, there being apparently but one generation annually. On the approach of winter the caterpillar lines the interior of the leaf with silk, and, dropping with it, hibernates in this shelter. The overwintered caterpillar transforms in April or May to the pupa, the latter making its way partly out of the leaf before disclosing the adult. Distribution. This species appears to be widely distributed in the eastern part of the country at least, it having been recorded from the Atlantic States and as far west as Wisconsin and Minnesota. Remedies. It is obvious, from this insect wintering in the folded leaves, as given in the account above, that it should be comparatively easy to destroy this pest in badly infested orchards by raking up and burning the dried leaves. Furthermore, this in- sect is undoubtedly amenable to arsenical poisons, and we have yet to have our attention called to an instance where this pest has appeared in numbers on thoroughly sprayed trees. This is particularly true where the more adhesive arsenate of lead is em- ployed in the later treatments. Bibliography 1860 Clemens, B. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Proc. 12:349. (Described as Anchylopera) REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 31 1869 Packard, A.S. Guide to Study of Ins. p. 338. (As Anchylopera) 1875 Zeller, P. C. Verh. zool. bot. Ges. Wien. 25:249. (Described _as Phoxopteris) 1879 Hoy, P. H. Wis. State Hort. Soc. Trans. 9:233. (Brief notice) - 1880 Coquillett, D. W. Nox. & Ben. Ins. Ill. loth Rep’t, p. 153. (Larva described as Phoxopteris) 1882 Fernald, C. H.'’ Am. Ent. Soc. Trans. 10:48. (Synonomy, dis- tribution, as Phoxopteris) 7062 Lintner, J. A. N.Y. State Ent. 1st Rep’t, p. 329. (Listed as Phoxopteris) 1889 Saunders, William. Ins. Inj. Fruits, p. 99. (Summary account as Phoxopteris) . 1891 Smith, J. B. List Lep. p. 93. (As Phoxopteris) fogs" Lintner, J. A. N. Y., State Ent. 8th Rep’t, p. 123, 207. (Injuries; mentioned as Phoxopteris) 1895 Fletcher, James. Exp. Farms Can. Rep’t, p. 148. (Injuries; as Phoxopteris) faoo Lintner, J. A. N. Y. State Ent. 11th Rep’t, p. 266. (Listed as Phoxopteris) teg ELueger, O. Minn. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul.61, p. 203-04. (Brief general notice, as Phoxopteris) 1899 Smith, J. B. Ins. N. J. p. 496. (Listed as Phoxopteris) 1902 Dyar, H. G. List Lep. p. 466. (Synonomy, distribution) 1903 Fletcher, James. Exp. Farms Can. Rep’t, p. 193. (Brief notice) NOTES FOR THE YEAR This season of 1907 was marked by comparatively few outbreaks by the more common injurious insects. The destructive species affécting fruits, field and garden crops gave comparatively little trouble. The extensive depredations upon shade trees in recent years have done much to bring certain forms into deserved promi- nence as destructive species. Those occurring upon forest trees have likewise been more numerous, and the recent extensive depre- dations by certain forms ‘have served to emphasize their economic importance in a most convincing manner. The outbreaks by the green striped maple worm and the snow-white linden moth have _ been particularly noteworthy, as recorded elsewhere. Fruit insects Red-humped apple tree caterpillar (Sehizura-concinn a “Abb. & Sm.). This leaf feeder, generally distributed throughout the State, is more or less common from year to year. It attracted some notice during the latter part of the summer and more on account of its defoliating young trees in the middle of October. 32 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM This latter is somewhat unusual and probably chargeable in part to the backward season. The destruction of the leaves at this late date can hardly be considered as injurious, since it would do little more than hasten the normal fall ripening of the wood. Lesser peach borer (Synanthedon pictipes G&R.). This species has long been known as an enemy of plum trees in New York State. Its life history was worked out rather fully in 1879 by Dr James S. Bailey of Albany, who studied the operations of this species on plum trees in his back yard. Subsequent litera- ture shows that this form has a decided preference for the domestic plum, though it has also been recorded as breeding in a number of other trees such as the beach plum, wild plum, cherry, June- berry, chestnut and peach. Recent developments show that this species may be quite injurious to peach, particularly in the Southern States. Its operations upon this tree have also been observed in New York. This pest has a somewhat similar habit to that of the more common peach borer (Sanninoidea exitiosa Say), it differing in that it apparently attacks none but injured trees, preferring to work in the vicinity of some scar; consequently it is usually found in old trees. The borers make more irregular and longer galleries, generally following the outlines of wounds or along the edges of the cracked bark. They may occur at or a little below the surface of the soil or even above the fork of the larger branches. The borers live on the softer tissues under the bark causing, like _ the larger peach borer, an exudation of gum. This species is more easily distinguished from the common peach borer by its smaller size, and in the case of the male may be separated from the more common form by its bearing but two yellow bands on the abdomen, they occurring on the second and fourth segments, while the male peach borer usually has a bandon the posterior margin of each abdominal segment. The methods of value in controlling the peach borer prove effective in checking this species providing the worming is extended to above the fork of the upper branches. Care should - also be taken to prevent injury to the trunk or larger limbs. A more detailed account of this species is given by A. A. Girault in Bulletin 68, part 4, Bureau of Entomology, United States Depart- ment of Agriculture. Lesser apple worm (Enarmonia prunivora Walsh). The work of this species is probably familiar to many of our orchardists, though it has usually been attributed to the operations of young codling moth larvae. This species generally bores just REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 33 beneath the skin around the blossom end of the apple or at a point where two apples touch each other, producing an irregular sunken area covered by the unruptured yellowish or yellowish brown skin of the apple. This species rarely penetrates the fruit to the depth of half an inch. Its operations may continue till late in the season, considerable injury occurring even after the fruit has been barreled. The observations of Mr Fred Johnson show that this species was locally quite as abundant and destructive to apples at North East, Pa. during 1906 as the codling moth. It also worked upon the domestica variety of plums. The larva resembles very closely that of the codling moth larva and may be distinguished therefrom by the peculiar comb-like structure, visible with a magnifying glass, on _ the posterior extremity. It is probable that thorough spraying for the codling moth will control this species very largely. A detailed account of this insect is given by A. L. Quaintance in Bulletin 68, part 5, Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agri- culture. | Apple maggot or railroad worm (Rhagoletis pomo- nella Walsh). The work of this native, widely distributed pest appears to become more apparent from year to year in New York State at least, and in some localities this species has been responsible for serious injuries. The parent insect is a blackish, two-winged fly about the size of our common house fly, and conspicuous because of its white banded abdomen and the black bands across its other- _ wise nearly colorless wings. This insect appears in early summer and deposits its eggs under the skin of the fruit after making a t small incision. The wound soon closes and becomes almost in- _ visible, while the young maggot, hatching from the egg, grows _ slowly, maturing more rapidly as the fruit ripens. The maggots are so active in the latter stages that fruit apparently sound one _ day may be literally honeycombed by the pests on the next. This fis particularly likely to occur in the case of well ripened sweet _ apples. This species manifests a decided partiality for early apples, some varieties being very badly infested. The presence of the E maggots seems to hasten ripening of the fruit, which latter usually drops, and the pests escaping therefrom enter the soil and complete _ their transformations therein. Breeding continues till late in the fall, the insects wintering under ground as pupae. This insect not only attacks the early sweet varieties, but it is also occasionally 5 injurious to the more valuable winter apples. The injury to these latter is not usually nearly so pronounced and, as a rule, is indicated 2 34 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM simply by irregularities on the surface and rather slightly discolored, corky trails in the interior. This work materially reduces the value of the fruit. Many a fruit grower has vainly wished for a spray that might be used to control this pest. Unfortunately the greater portion of its life is passed under ground or within the apple, places where it is practically impossible to destroy the pest with the means now at our command. By far the most successful method of controlling this insect is by promptly gathering and destroying the infested fruit. The early sweet varieties can frequently be fed to stock, — and in that way some return secured for the labor involved in collecting, or in some instances it may be practical to pasture the orchard so that the wind falls are devoured without further labor. This insect is quite local in habit, appearing to display a marked preference for sheltered hollows. Advantage can sometimes be taken of this habit, and the writer would further suggest that it might be advisable, in places where the pest is quite injurious to winter — varieties, that it be attracted therefrom by setting a tree or two of an early variety, say Garden Royal, in the near vicinity and — promptly destroying the infested fruit. Should this latter not be done the tree might become a center of trouble instead of a trap to draw away the insects from the more remunerative varieties. San José scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.). This pest continues to attract much attention from orchardists throughout the State. The season of 1907 was favorable for its breeding, and in many places where no attempt was made to con- trol the insect, the scale became very abundant by the end of the season. In some instances this was very marked. The breeding was so rapid in some portions of the Hudson valley and in the western part of Connecticut, that the fruit on infested trees was nearly covered by the pest and rendered practically worthless thereby. On the other hand, spraying for this insect has been exceptionally successful in many places throughout New York State. We have in mind one orchard which, at the end of 1906, was very badly infested by scale, so much so that many of the smaller limbs were well incrusted. A thorough application of a lime-sulfur wash was made in the spring of 1907, and as a result of this treatment the fruit crop was practically~unspotted. This is Only one of several instances which came to our notice. This exceptionally favorable result was probably due in large part to the fact that the spraying was unusually thorough. The experience REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907. 35 of 1907 has demonstrated beyond all question the practicability of controlling the San José scale by thorough applications of a lime- sulfur wash or other material in early spring. This is true not only in young orchards where it is comparatively easy to cover all the trees, but also in larger commercial orchards where spraying is considerably more difficult. _ The lime-sulfur wash continues to hcld its place as a standard remedy for San José scale. The majority make the application in early spring just before the buds begin to swell, and the results have been uniformly successful. Furthermcre, growers of pears are coming to see in this wash a practical remedy for the pear psylla (Psylla pyricola Forst) an insect which in recent years has been exceedingly destructive in some sections of the State. It is also of considerable service in checking the oyster scale feeoitesaphes wiaai.* Lkinn:); the --scurfy- bark louse (Chionaspis furfura Fitch) and possibly to some extent, plant lice or aphids. In addition, it possesses, as is well recognized at the present time, valuable fungicidal properties. The benefits re- ceived in this latter direction are, in the estimation of some of our best fruit growers, more than sufficient to cover the cost of spraying. There can be at the present time no question as to the value of the lime-sulfur wash, so far as controlling San José scale and several other insects is concerned, and even more important than this it is an absolutely safe application. This latter is some- thing of considerable moment to a man interested in producing the largest quantity of high class fruit Curing a series cf years. There has been in the past considerable objection to the employ- ment of the lime-sulfur wash, partly because of the labor necessary to make the preparation and particularly on account of its caustic properties rendering spraying therewith exceedingly disagreeable for all concerned. This insistent demand has led to the develop- | ment of a number of miscible or so called “soluble oils’? which have been put on the market under a variety of trade names. Cer- tain of these have been used with considerable success, so far as immediate results are concerned, by some of our best fruit growers. The cost.per gallon, for example, is considerably greater than that of the lime-sulfur wash, but on the other hand a diluted gallon of this material will cover a much larger surface than does the lime- ‘sulfur wash and spreads more easily, thus making it possible to spray rapidly and in part offset the increased cost of the matetial. Furthermore, and this is important in sections where winds are 36 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM variable in early spring, as is apt to be the case in most parts of New York State, there is no necessity of any preliminary boiling or treatment before operations begin. Taking all of these factors into consideration, Mr W. H. Hart of Poughkeepsie is of the opinion that it costs no more to spray with one of these miscible oils than with a lime-sulfur wash, in spite of the great disparity in the cost of materials. This is undoubtedly very close to the truth but other factors should be considered. Experience in the past has demonstrated that oily applications are not particularly bene- ficial to fruit trees, and it is yet to be ascertained what results will follow a series of annual applications of these proprietary mixtures. Furthermore, those made by different firms are not alike and it is unsafe to conclude that because one brand is harmless that the same is true of another. These materials should be used, if employed at all, with the greatest caution and the trees sprayed with such mixtures should be carefully watched for indications of oil injury. The results obtained with these soluble oils in 1907, so far as destroying scale is concerned, are practically equal with those given by the lime-sulfur wash. It should be remembered in this connec- tion that the season appears to have been an exceptionally favor- able one for destroying the scale, and it would not be surprising if the true relative value of these preparations was somewhat different from that indicated by the experience of the past season. Grape root worm (Fidia viticida Walsh). The back- ward season of 1907 had a very pronounced effect upon the devel- opment of the root worm as well as upon the growth of vegetation. Many farmers considered the season two to three weeks later than usual, and the same was true of the root worm. Normally this species transforms to the pupa from about June rst to the 2oth, the full grown larvae being near. the surface some days at least before pupation occurs. An examination of several vineyards in Westfield, June 4, showed that even on warm soil there was no evidence of transforming to the pupa. Indications at that time were that pupae would not begin to appear in numbers before June 18 and possibly not till the 25th or early in July. Subse- quent observations showed that even this was too early, as on July 10 only a few full grown larvae and two recently transformed pupae were to be found on light soil, indicating that these changes had been greatly delayed by the abnormally backward season. An - examination of various vineyards at this time indicated that larvae were relatively scarce, this being particularly marked in the case REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 a7 of the one owned by Mr D. K. Falvay. This vineyard, it may be remembered, was very badly infested by root worms in 1903. The situation then was so serious that a collecting machine was made and over 150,000 beetles taken in the course of two weeks from about five acres. This tract has subsequently received careful cul- tivation and special attention -has been given to cultivating so that the largest number of pupae might be destroyed by this latter pro- cess. The result has been that this vineyard has been exceptionally free from this pest during the past three years, probably in a large measure due to the very thorough work of several years ago. An examination at this time, July 10, of other vineyards, led us to conclude that there had been a considerable improvement in some of those that were badly infested a few years before. There were some vineyards where the root worms were somewhat abundant, though so far as our examinations disclosed, the pests were not nearly so numerous as in earlier years. This observation was con- firmed subsequently by an examination of a number of vineyards Oct. 16. By far the greater number showed relatively little injury to the vines as indicated by the amount of feeding on the foliage, while in scattered localities there had undoubtedly been large num- bers of beetles present and the indications are, in these latter cases, that considerable injury has been inflicted and more may follow next year unless some adequate measures are adopted for checking this pest. The root worm outbreak in Chautauqua county appears to have passed through the first and most severe stage and we may now expect a period during which this pest will be much less injurious, though it should be borne in mind that so far as individual vine- yards are concerned, there is still danger of severe injury here and there throughout the grape belt. It is therefore most advisable for all growers to keep a close watch upon conditions in the vine-_ yards so that destructive tendencies can be promptly checked. Un- doubtedly the better care and cultivation given the vines in recent years has had much to do with bringing about these marked improvements, since this treatment has resulted in a more vigorous growth and corresponding resistant powers. It is well known that ~ root worm injury is most likely to be serious on light sandy soils. This is due partly to the fact that the insects seem to thrive better there, and somewhat to the lower resistance of the vines, since we have repeatedly seen vineyards on clayey soils infested by enormous - numbers of root worms and yet showing comparatively few signs 38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM of injury. The latter, we believe, is due in large part to the in- creased vigor of the vines on the heavier soil. Cultivation is an important factor in keeping this pest in check, particularly if opera- tions are so planned that the surface soil under the vines is thor- oughly stirred at a time when the majority of the insects are in the pupal or “ turtle.” stage. The general efficacy of good cultural conditions is further emphasized by the fact that though this insect occurs in certain vineyards in the Hudson river valley, we have yet to hear of serious injuries in this latter section due, we believe, largely to the fact that high cultivation and good feeding has been the rule for some years. Spraying the vineyards, particularly if a bordeaux mixture is employed, is exceedingly beneficial, not only because of the insects destroyed but on account of the protection afforded from fungous diseases. It is by all means advisable to use a poison in the bor- deaux mixture, since this destroys a certain number of root worm beetles and is also very efficient in killing the first generation of the berry worm, Poly chtros.s) vitea nas Cem Shade tree insects White marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leuco- stigma Abb. & Sm.). This destructive leaf feeder was very abundant in a number of cities and villages throughout the State last year and in some places it was present in considerable numbers the past season, despite the fact that many of the conspicuous white egg masses were collected and destroyed. The trees of the city of Albany were pretty thoroughly cleaned, partly by individual work and partly by the newly appointed city forester and his men. This insect nearly stripped many horse-chestnut trees in the city of Buffalo and was more or less destructive in a number of other cities and villages. These attacks occur from year to year and yet no determined efforts are made to check the nuisance. This species, as has been stated many times, is very easily controlled either by removing and destroying the egg masses or by timely sprayings with an arsenical poison. The habits of this insect are such that it would be comparatively inexpensive to so thoroughly clear large districts, that there would be very little danger of injury for a series of years, and so far as individual trees or groups of trees are concerned, they can be protected without reference to the condition of those adjacent unless the branches interlock. All that is necessary under these conditions is to remove the egg masses REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 39 and then prevent the invasion of other caterpillars by using a cotton band, sticky band or other device to prevent oe from climb- ing the trees that have been cleaned. Bim-teat beetle (Galerucella Iuteola Mull.). This destructive leaf feeder continues to hold its position as one of the most important insect enemies of elms. Many magnificent trees were seriously injured in Albany, despite the fact that a city forester had been appointed. Part of the trouble was undoubtedly due to the deceptive character of the season, its extreme backwardness possibly leading some to believe that the pest would not be par- ticularly destructive. There were the usual troubles at the in- ception of operations and this delay was accentuated by the. diffi- culty of securing properly qualified men to do the actual spraying. This latter is very important. The work is disagreeable at best and only conscientious workmen can be relied upon to do the spray- ing properly. Serious injury to the foliage is the inevitable result of engaging unskilled help, and the condition of the trees in late summer showed that in many instances the application must have been far from thorough, not to mention streets where no spraying was done, owing to lack of time. It seems to be a custom to start one spray outfit and then, if the insect threatens serious injury, to put the second one in commission. This may be somewhat eco- nomical of help, but so far as protecting the trees is concerned, a reverse of this policy would be decidecly more beneficial. It would be much better to start two spray outfits at the beginning of the season and keep them going until developments showed that the pest was well under control, rather than to delay and attempt to kill the grubs with poison after they have become nearly full grown and consequently done most of the damage they are capable of inflict- ing. Many of the elms in Troy, Watervliet and adjacent cities suffered considerably from this insect, and the same is also true of the mag- nificent trees of Saratoga Springs. The city of Ithaca suffered greatly frcm this pest, and urless scme radical measures are adopted, many of the elms will be ruined or destroyed within a few years. A spraying outfit was provided in this latter city, through the cooperation of public-spirited individuals, and trees sprayed for all who were willing to meet the bare cost of the treatment. Un- fortunately many neglected this opportunity and as a consequence this provision was not so beneficial as might have been the case. The experience of Albany, Troy and other cities along the Hudson 40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM valley show that it is by all means advisable to adopt adequate measures at the outset rather than to lose thousands of magnificent elms. The latter, we are sorry to state, appears to be necessary before municipalities appreciate the destructive possibilities of this shade tree pest. : Experience has shown that there is nothing better for the control of the elm leaf beetle than thorough spraying with an arsenical poison, preferably arsenate of lead in the prepared paste form. The essential to success is an early application of this poison to the under side of the leaves. It is necessary that the spraying be mod- erately early and, as a rule, we have advised beginning the work as soon as the leaves were about half out, owing to the fact that other- wise it is almost impossible to get over most of the trees in a city before the grubs have attained their growth and caused a great deal of injury. The cost of this treatment is by no means excessive when compared with the value of the trees. Furthermore, the city of Albany expended in 1906 over half a million dollars for the main- tenance and improvement of its streets, excluding sewers, while less than one half of 1% of this sum was devoted to the protection of the trees. This is relatively much better than the amount ex- pended by many other cities for the care of their trees. Shade trees are stich conspicuous features and add so greatly to the beauty of the streets that it would seem as though a considerably larger proportion of the amount devoted to the maintenance and improvement of the streets, might well be used for the protection of the trees. Sugar maple borer (Plagionotus speciosus Say). This insect continues to maintain its reputation as a deadly enemy of the sugar maple, deservedly one of the most popular of our shade trees. Signs of its operations are visible in many of the cities and villages throughout the State, and occasionally one goes into a neighborhood where the insect has become rather abundant and promises to cause great injuries in the near future. Such is the case at Williamsville, Erie co., a small village on the edge of Buffalo. There is a row of about 50 trees a little way out and on the main street, which are very badly infested by this borer. These trees are 25 or 30 years of age, still shapely and in fairly good condition, despite the fact that several are beginning to show the operations of this insect. Eight years ago this row of trees appeared to be practically free from the pest, and it would not be surprising if, in the course of 5 to 10 years, many of these young maples were practically ruined by this attack. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 AI Experience has shown that it is comparatively easy to recognize the presence of this insect, particularly in late fall or early spring, at the time the young grubs have just commenced their operations. The point of entrance is then usually indicated by a slight scar from which sap may be oozing, and a short filament of borings dangling therefrom.: Infested trees should be carefully examined for all such indications, the young borers removed and the wounds carefully covered with paint, tar or other protective material. A little time bestowed upon the trees in late fall or early spring should result in practical immunity from injury by this destructive borer. | Miscellaneous White grubs (Lachnosterna pticeds Uronl\. This species and certain of its allies annually cause considerable damage to various growing crops. The occurrence of these destructive grubs in grass lands, strawberry beds, potato and cornfields and similar places, isa matter of common observation. The past sum- mer our attention was called to a unique form of injury, in that these grubs had destroyed at the State nurseries located at Waw- beek, Franklin co., N. Y., some 2500 to 3000 one and two year old white and Scotch pine seedlings. This form of injury was also observed by State Forester C. R. Pettis in the nurseries located at Saranac Inn. State Forester E.S. Woodruff, who was at Wawbeek at the time of the trouble, informs the writer that one grub would destroy three or four seedlings before being detected. The first year seedlings were usually eaten off near the ground and the leaves apparently drawn down into the burrow and devoured sub- sequently. There are a number of records of young trees being injured by white grubs, though this appears to be the first instance where this pest has been known to attack the roots of conifers. Various collections in this section of the country show that our most common species of Lachnosterna is L. fusca Frohl. It is by far the best represented of any in the State collections, and the extensive series of trap lanterns operated at Cornell University during 1889 and 1892 show that 83% of the June beetles captured were referable to this form. These insects are so familiar as to hardly necessitate description. The adult beetle is a little less than an inch in length, thick-bodied, broadly rounded at both extremities and usually a mahogany-brown color. The familiar white grub is well known as a stout, curved larva lying upon its side and com- monly found about the roots of grasses or in strawberry beds. The 42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM life cycle of the June beetle extends over several years. The in- vestigations of Dr S. A. Forbes, State Entomologist of Illinois, who has given particular attention to these pests, show that the life cycle extends over a period of three years. He calls attention to the fact that the European Melolontha vulgaris Linn. completes its life cycle in three years if the season be moist and favorable, whereas under adverse dry conditions the period may be extended to four years, and adds that this European pest has a four year period in the north of Germany and a three year period in the south. He is inclined to believe that our American species may show similar variations in habit. He states that all of our more abundant species begin to transform to the pupa in June or July, changing to the beetle in August or September and then remain in the larval cell till the following March, April or May. This data goes to show that white grubs occurring in the earth later than the middle of September will not change to beetles that year, but under ordinary circumstances winter as grubs and continue their destructive work till the following June. This point is of particular importance to the owners of infested fields, since an examination of the land in the middle of September should enable them to deter- mine with reasonable accuracy the danger of injury by these pests the following year. It is well known that the adult beetles feed upon the foliage of a variety of trees, and there are a number of records showing severe injury, not only to forest trees but also to fruit trees, in which latter case the blossoms may be seriously dam- aged. Professor Forbes’s observations show that the beetles remain in the grass fields during the day and that at about dusk there is a simultaneous movement of the beetles from the field to the forests, they returning again in very early morning, ordinarily before 4 a. m. Ancther species, known as the green June beetle or fig eater, Allorhina nitida Linn. deserves notice in this connection, because though southern in distribution, it occurs on Long Island, occasionally in great abundance. This grub closely resembles, in a general way, our ordinary white grub, except that it is somewhat more hairy and it may be readily distinguished from our more common species by its peculiar method of locomotion. These grubs, when moving, turn upon the back and progress in a peculiar un- dulating manner by successive contractions of the body segments. This larva, according to Dr Howard, unlike the northern forms, frequently emerges from its burrows at night and apparently is not very injurious to living plants, since it has been found to be excep- REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 Bipos. <> tionally numerous in lawns that presented every appearance of being in excellent condition. The adult beetle is sometimes very abundant and destructive because of its devouring fruits such as apricots, peaches, figs, prunes, plums, apples and grapes. The June beetles have a number of natural enemies. One of the most important is probably the malodorous skunk, a mammal which, when left to itself, destroys countless numbers of the white grubs. Unfortunately, so far as the pest under consideration is concerned, this natural enemy is altogether too scarce. The racoon, the fox, moles and gophers are all credited with feeding upon these grubs. It is well known that the much maligned crow feeds upon the white grub and undoubtedly renders valuable services to the farmer in this way. Domestic fowls frequently follow the plow in search of these pests. This insect has a number of parasitic forms which prey upon it. There is a slender, jet-black, wasplike creature known as Tiphia inornata Say which is a particularly effective check. This little insect enters the ground, and following along the burrows of the erub, stings its prey and deposits its egg upon the helpless grub. Another common parasite of the white grub is Ophion bifoveolatum Brulle. Professor Forbes has succeeded in demonstrating the parasitic habits of Macrophthalma dis- juncta, a smail-Tachinid which he has reared from the larva. Sparnopolius fulvus Wied. is also a parasite of this pest, while Pyrgota undata is exceptionally interesting because of its being parasitic upon the adult beetles. There are several fungous diseases which are ee in destroying insects, and Professor Forbes has conducted some experiments with certain of these forms for the purpose of testing their value under American conditions. A number of grubs were destroyed, but further work is necessary before this method can be recommended for use under ordinary field conditions. A most interesting fungus Mowm as Cordyceps ravenelii Berk., affects the white grub, growing from just behind its head and producing usually two long, greenish processes much resembling. young seedlings; later these become brownish. Affected specimens attract notice because of their peculiar appearance. Remedial and preventive measures. White grubs are well known frequenters of grass lands, and it is obvious that considerable injury can be avoided by planting recently turned sod to some crop not likely to be damaged by these pests. Corn, for example, is much 44 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM more likely to be affected if planted on sod than were it to follow clover, some small grain or even corn. Badly infested land can be cleared to a considerable extent by pasturing with hogs. Professor. Forbes records one case of where a IO acre lot was pastured for 20 days with a lot of hogs, and at the end of that period there was a reduction of about 86% in the number of grubs. June beetles deposit their eggs by preference where there is a surface growth of vegetation, consequently cornfields kept free of weeds in June are much less attractive to the beetles than weedy areas, hence clean cultivation may be considered an important factor in avoiding injury. Fall plowing is another measure which should be mentioned in connection with clean culture, since it is now well known that many of the pests in badly infested fields can be destroyed in this manner, provided they are in their pupal cells. This treatment ap- pears to be fatal alike to pupae or recently transformed beetles. Owing to the triennial life cycle this measure would be most service- able the fall before the beetles are most abundant; namely, at three year intervals. White grubs are occasionally found inflicting serious damage to cultivated crops such as strawberries. One of the best methods of fighting the pests under such conditions, if labor is not too expensive, is to simply dig out and destroy the grubs. A little experience will enable an intelligent man to go over a large field in a comparatively short time. White grubs in nursery beds, as noted above, may be fought in the same way, or if the insects are too abundant and the area too large, resort may be had to treatment with a kerosene emulsion. The standard formula should be diluted with about six parts of water and the ground on either side of the affected plants thoroughly wet with the preparation. This should preferably be done a little before a rain or else followed with a liberal watering with a hose. The latter application washes the insecticide down and brings it into contact with the grubs. This method has proved very successful in killing white grubs in lawns and should be equally effective in the nursery row. Some care should be exercised not to put too much of the mixture about the plants, as kerosene injudiciously used is very dangerous to plant life. Under certain conditions it may be advisable to take ad- vantage of the beetles swarming in trees at night, from which they may be jarred and destroyed in large numbers. Many are also attracted to lights and could be destroyed in trap lanterns, but ordinarily these two latter methods are not to be recommended for our conditions. REPGRT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 45 Epizeuxis denticulalis Harv. This species, kindly determined provisionally as this form by Dr Dyar of the United States National Museum, must have been unusually abundant in the vicinity of -Palenville, N. Y., judging from the report sent by Mrs Hiland Hill July 29, 1907. She.states, in a communication written on that date, that hundreds of these relatively unknown moths were upon the walls of the kitchen and they were also very abundant about the barn and other outbuildings. They were so numerous that con- siderable apprehension was felt lest they might prove to be the dreaded brown tail mcth. It is very probable, considering that the larva of the closely related E. lubricalis Geyer feeds upon grass, that the caterpillar of this species may have similar habits, though it is possible that it may subsist upon dried vegetation, as has been recorded of E. aemula Httbn. The evidence at hand would seem to favor the latter conclusion, as the moths were ex- ceedingly abundant in the barn and buildings where there was pre- sumably a goodly supply of dried provendcer upon which the cater- pillars could subsist. Should such prove to be the case, this species must be classed with the much better known clover hay worm, Hypsopygia costalis Fabr..as a-species liable to injure stored hay. This last named species is occasionally rather abundant about barns in New York State, though it is rarely that the insect becomes so numerous as to cause great injury. The moth under discussion has a wing spread of about 1 to 1.2 inches. It is a vari- able gray, white marked species closely related to E.lubricalis Geyer, from which it may be separated, according to Dr Smith, by its dull, pale luteous ground color powdered with brown scales, and the blackish transverse lines. It is distinguished from the pale forms of lubricalis “by having the space between the median and transverse posterior line dark filled toward the inner margin, which gives the wing a quite characteristic appearance.” Archips sorbiana Httbn. This species, determined by Dr H. G. Dyar, of the United States National Museum, by comparison with specimens named by Lord Walsingham, was brought to Albany in April 1906 on Japanese maples imported direct from Japan. The young trees were kept in a greenhouse and as soon as it was learned that they were infested, measures were taken for the destruction of all the insects, and it is presumable that the species did not succeed in establishing itself in this section of the world. As there is danger of similar importations, this occurrence has been placed on record and a description of the adult and larva prepared. This 46 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM form is widely distributed in Europe, Asia and eastward to Japan. It has been recorded by Meyrick’ as common in England and cen- tral Europe. He states that the larvae feed on oak, birch, hazel etc., while Rouast? has recorded it as feeding upon pear, cherry, and oak. The larvae drew the leaves of the Japanese maple together into an irregular, somewhat cornucopia-shaped mass in which they transformed to the pupa. The adult moth has a wing spread of 34 of an inch and the gen- eral plan of markings is somewhat similar to our native Archips -argyrospila Walk., though the gexeral color is much darker. The antennae, head and thcrax are a ratner dark fulvous brown, particularly the latter. The forewings are a dark reddish brown ~ and a light yellowish brown,. with narrow, transverse purplish brown markings at the extremity. Thereis a variable dark brown stripe along the basal third of the costal margin, ending in a rather broad, oblique, dark reddish brown and yellowish brown stripe extending nearly across the wing to the outer angle. There is a distinct semioval, dark brown mark on the distal third of the anterior margin, which latter is continued as an indistinct lighter, yellowish brown, tapering mark nearly to the posterior border of the wing. The basal third of the wing and the portion lying be- tween the oblique mark is a-variable yellowish brown with iater- mixed purplish brown scales. The tip of the wing, except taat part shaded by the outer oblique line, is yellowish brown with the veins and a series of irregular, narrow, transverse lines mere or less distinctly marked by purplish scales. Hind wings dark pur- plish brown, fringe of both wings pale yellowish brown. Abdomen a variable yellowish cr yellowish brown and posteriorly orna- mented with long tufts of yellowish brown scales. This moth differs from the native species at hand by its darker color in connection with the narrow, irregular, transverse lines on the outer portion of the wing. The larvais about 1 inch long. Head light amber, mouth parts darker; thoracic shield light amber, lateral and posterior margins dark brown or black. Body dark olivaceous, with a subdorsal row of distinct whitish tubercles, dorsal vessel slightly darker; lateral ridge and ventral surface semitransparent, yellowish green. True legs black, prolegs whitish transparent. The caterpillar is sparsely clothed with fine, whitish hairs. Lateral and subventral tubercles inconspicuous, as they are concolorous with the paler portions of the larva. Some of the larvae are somewhat lighter, having lighter, subdorsal stripes, and in one smaller individual the dorsum is very little darker than the venter, with darker, indistinct, broken, sub- 1A Handbook of British Lepidoptera. 1895. p. 531. 21883 Catalogue des Chenilles Europennes Connues, p. 127. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 47 ’ lateral stripes.. Another larva, probably belonging to the same species though feeding upon a different maple, presented the follow- ing characteristics. Head light amber, mouth parts darker ; thoracic -shield dark amber with the lateral and posterior margins a dark green. Body a dark olivaceous green with conspicuous, whitish, round, subdorsal tubercles, these latter being large enough so as to suggest, in certain lights, a light, subdorsal stripe; lateral ridge and ventral surface yellowish transparent, tubercles thereon equally as prominent as those in the subdorsal region but less conspicuous, as they are unicolorous. True legs sooty transparent, black at - the articulations, prolegs concolorous with the ventral surface. This larva is sparsely clothed with very long, slender, whitish hairs. Described from a single living specimen, which may prove to be a younger stage of the form characterized above. Birch leaf Bucculatrix (Bucculatrix canadensisella Chamb.). This insect was extremely abundant in New York State during the fall of 1901, at which time a very considerable proportion of the birch foliage was thoroughly skeletonized. Its work in that year was observed throughout the western two thirds of Massa- chusetts as well as in the eastern and northern parts of New York State. | This species was present September 18, 1907, in large numbers at Arlington, Staten Island, where a considerable proportion of the birches had the leaves seriously affected. The insect appeared to be numerous over an extensive tract, many of the trees being well dotted with the characteristic, circular, white, pseudo cocoons of the larvae. None had constructed the peculiar ribbed, white co- coons in which the species hibernates. . Leucobrephos brephoides Walker. The year of 1907 was made notable by Dr Theodore P. Bailey of Albany taking in April, two specimens of this rare species in St Lawrence county. Dr Bailey was fishing and his attention was attracted to these rapid flying moths hovering over some stones near a stream. The insect, kindly determined by Dr H. G. Dyar of the United States National Museum, is extremely rare in collections, not being represented by specimens in either the National Museum or the New York State collections prior to this season. The moth [pl. 2, fig. 1] has a wing spread of almost one inch, is dark brown, the forewings being marked with a broad, angulate, yellowish white subterminal line, while the hind wings bear an irregular, large, angulate, yellowish white blotch near the middle. The antennae of the male are pecti- nate while the body is thickly clothed with long, dark brown hairs. Dr James Fletcher of Canada records taking this species April 16 . 48 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM in the Yukon territory and states that he has two specimens of the ° dark form taken in Labrador in 1894. The adults are quite active and owing to their being abroad so early in the season may have been frequently overlooked by collectors. A close ally, Brephos infans Moschler, occurs in early spring in the vicinity of Albany and is quite different from this circumpolar species, it being larger, with reddish brown tints, and on its hind wings a deep orange colored area, the latter curiously margained in the anal region by a triangular, dark brown area and with a small, oval, dark brown area near the discal cell. Periodical cicada (Tibicen septendecim Linn.). The occurrence of the periodical cicada is of exceptional interest on account of the prolonged interval occurring between broods. The conditions on Staten Island appear to be unusually interesting. There was, it will be remembered, a large brood on Long Island in 1906 and one pupa was discovered on Staten Island by Mr William T. Davis and in June he heard an insect call at Richmond valley. This species was evidently numerous on Staten Island in 1907. This brood appears to have escaped notice prior to 1890, at which time Mr Davis found three pupal skins at New Brighton and an adult was seen by his sister on a tree trunk. A specimen was also observed by Mr Leng near the Moravian cemetery. The following observations upon the occurrence of this insect in 1907 are tran- scribed from Mr Davis’s notes: From the records of 1890 it was to be supposed that some evidence of the small and scattered brood of the periodical cicada, now known as no. I5, would be found in 1907 on the island, and in the neighboring parts of New Jersey. On March 31st Mr Alanson Skinner gave me a pupa that he had found under a stone at Woodrow. On June 22d I heard several 17-year cicadas singing in the trees at Woodrow and vicinity, and found two pupa skins on an apple tree on the farm of Mr Isaac Wort. Mr Wort had also heard the cicadas at various times, and he presented me with a pupa that he had found some time before my visit. The fol- lowing day a cicada was heard at Watchogue at the other end of the island. Later in the summer, while with Mr Henry Bird in the Close valley, we each found a pupa skin of the 17-year cicada. Mr Charles P. Benedict informs me that he found in June several pupa skins as well as fully developed cicadas at his home on the Manor Road, West New Brighton. In New Jersey the 17-year cicada occurred at Westfield, Plain- field and Newfoundland. It will be seen from the foregoing that the individuals were quite numerous and no doubt sufficiently so to insure the insect’s appearance in 1924. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 49 The above records seem to establish beyond question the identity of a brood which has hitherto been ignored. The insects can hardly be considered as stragglers from the brood of the preceding year since they were more abundant in 1907. It is interesting in this connection to note that Mr Davis records the presence in 1892 of several cicadas at West New Brighton, Logan Springs and Ross- ville, and we therefore should expect some to appear in 1909, another year when the presence of the 17-year race has not been recorded. Furthermore, Mr Davis states that cicadas were fairly “numerous June 11, 1893, near Willow brook and later along Logan spring brook. Specimens were also taken at West New Brighton. These latter may be precursors of the large brood, number 2, due to appear in IQII. 50 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGISE The following is a list of the principal publications of the Ento- mologist during the year 1907. Forty-one are given with title,’ time of publication and a summary of the contents of each. Volume and page number are separated by a colon, the first superior figure gives the column and the second the exact place in the column in ninths: e. g. 71 :969?’ means volume 71, page 969, column 2, in the - seventh ninth, i. e. a little more than two thirds of the way down. Scurfy Scale. Country Gentleman, Oct. 18, 1906, 71 :969”7 Spraying in early spring with a contact insecticide is advised for the scurfy scale, Chionasprsiurtiura Fitch. Celery Blight and Scale. Country Gentleman, Oct. 18, 1906, FlLO7 ik” The San José scale. Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst. is identified and thorough spraying with a lime-sulfur wash advised. Canker Worms in Orchard. Country Gentleman, Dec. 20, 1906, Fi sELO7— | Remedies discussed with special reference to banding materials, particu- larly “tree tanglefoot.” Squash Bug. Country Gentleman, Dec. 27, 1906, 71 :1208°6 This insect, Anasa tristis DeGeer, is identified and its life history and remedial measures briefly discussed. Tree Bands. Country Gentleman, Jan. 3, 1907, 72:84 Brief discussion of banding materials with special reference to canker worms. ; New Species of Cecidomyiidae. N.Y. State Mus. Bul. 110. 22d Report of the State Entomologist 1906. Separate, p. 1-53. 1907. Issued Jan. 30, 1907. _ Describes 179 new species. The Gipsy and Brown Tail Moths. Rural New Yorker, Feb. 2, 1907, 66:86 Summary statement of the injurious nature of Porthetria dispar Linn. and Euproctis chrysorrhoea Linn. with special reference to the farmer and fruit grower. ‘Titles are given as published and in some instances they have been changed or supplied by the editors cf the various papers. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 51 Insects Affecting Park and Woodland Trees. New York State Mus. Mem. 8, 2 :333-877 Issued Feb. 25, 1907. Contents PAGE PAGE Enemies of evergreen or co- Insects of minor’ importance Biterous trees fees: Rae affecting forest trees (ccni’d) Work of bark borers in ~ iumeous-. Decties ov... 5... ess 494 TNO Stee ae ne ae ee a Oe 333 Natural enemies of bark Certain structures of scoly- : DSRCLS eer ee A he, Sa 4Q) Tine ot ge hye ae eC an oe a ea A 336 Leaf eaters affecting. decidu- SFE: EN ee aie Rae areas 23m 240. ir OS TOTESE TEEES ee. is ee 8 506 Mie ORES ya a vee le 8 330, 307 | Frequenters, usually injurious, Araprosia beetles «4... ..3).3..5). 304 of deciduous forest trees..... 588 Meaty TECROES "sh. ees ee ek oS 340, 413 | Frequen‘ers, usually beneficial, Insects of minor importance of deciduous forest trees...... 603 3 affecting forest trees........ 426 | Plant galls and gall makers..... 615 Insects affecting deciduous Less destructive insects affect- ERS re tele hte ook Cases 426 ing evergreen or coniferous Borers in, living or relatively RECSE ge mest trois tad: Agta 648 sound wood or bark...... 426 | Supplemental bibliographic and Borers in dried, usually descriptive catalogue ......... 701 manufactured wood...430, 483 | Explanation of -plates.......... Ay) Borers in decaying wood or NG (0S IE Aine ae ae ca SE ee irae oot SOI species found under decay- PACE A TIRE: Se Yi. 430, 484 Bark Louse. Country Gentleman, Apr. 4, 1907, 71 :336'8. Methods of control for the apple bark louse or oyster scale, Lepido- saphes ulmi Linn. discussed briefly. Gall Gnats or Cecidomyiidae. Canadian Entomologist, 39 :143-44 Brief account of the group with special reference to methods of collecting. Fleas. Country Gentleman, Apr. 18, 1907, 72 :384°° Brief discussion of remedial measures with special reference to barns. | White Grubs and Wire Worms. Country Gentleman, Apr. 25, 1907, 72:42114 ) A summary discussion of the life history and habits of these pests with special reference to control measures. ; Scale and Plant dice. Country Gentleman, Apr. 2, 1007; 72 42126 Brief economic notice of the scurfy scale) Chionaspis furfura Fitch and of apple aphids. Protect the Trees. Albany Evening Journal, Apr: 25, 1907; New York Tribune, Apr. 29, 1907; Poughkeepsie Eagle, Apr. 29, 1907 ; 52 NEW YORK STATS MUSEUM Buffalo Courier, Apr. 29, 1907; Rochester Democrat and Chroni- cle, May 16, 1907, and a number of other papers. A warning notice respecting the elm leaf beetle, Galerucella luteola Mill. and the white marked tussock moth, Hemerocampa leuco- stigma Abb. & Sm, Two Destructive Borers. Suburban Life, May 1907, 4:3007% Brief general account of the sugar maple borer, Plagionotus speciosus Say and the leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina Fabr. White Marked Tussock Moth and Elm Leaf Beetle. (Hemero- campa leucostigma Abb. & Sm, Galermegaae luteola Mull.) N. Y. State Mus. Bul, 109, Entomology 27. 1907. Issued May 10, p. 1-31, 8 pl. (2 colored). Contents PAGE ee PAGE libro diction 2 ts ee oe ee eee 5 | Elm leat beetle 2344 fe) White marked tussock moth.... 6 Food splants) i203 4... oe ee ESCKIptOM) Nistts Asc ceoome 7 Distribution. <2: 22a Pres, Life history and habits:....... 7 Description <../..5 22) eee 10 Hood platitis 7% tee ace wae tenes 8 Life history..0. \: 4... see I2 Matianal ememiesicct ccs ties et: 8 Natural. enemies > 2.9. .nee PR fmo RREMedIeS a heron eee eae saree saline 8 Remedial measures. .......... 13 Explanation of plates: 2.4. eae 15 Index (4.05.0 53. ee 31 Gipsy and Brown Tail Moths. Country Gentleman, May 16, 1907, 72 :483" A summarized discussion of the Massachusetts’ report on work against these insects, (Porthetria dispar Linn, Euproctis chryeon- rhoea Linn.) during 1906. Report of the Committee on Entomology. N. Y. State. Fruit Growers Ass’n Proc. 1907, p. 25-28 Notes and observations on the yellow-necked apple tree caterpillar, Datana ministra Abb. & Sm, the red-humped apple tree caterpillar, Schizura concinna Abb. & Sm, the gipsy moth, Porthetria dispar Linn, the brown tail moth, Euproctis ch rysorrho@ea. Linn., oriental slug caterpillar, Cnidocampa flavescens Walk., scurfy scalee Chionaspis furfura Fitch, San José scale, Aspid- iotus perniciosus Comst, and the grape root worm, Fidia viticida Walsh. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 53 mentee Imported Pests: N. Y. State. Fruit Growers Ass’n Proc. 1907, Pp. 144-49 A summarized discussion of the gipsy moth, Porthetria dispar Paom, the brown tail moth, Euproctis chrysorrhoea Linn. and the oriental slug caterpillar, Cnidocampa flavescens Walk. Cecidomyia acarivora n. sp. Entomological News, June 1907, 17 :242 Original description of both sexes and larva. Cecidomyiidae: A Statement. Canadian Entomologist, June 1907, 39 :197-98 Summary statement of our plans and methods of work in this group. Two Common Orchard Scales. Country Gentleman, June 6, 1907, 72.3552" Summary account with remedies, of the scurfy bark louse, Chionaspis furfura Fitch and the cpple bark louse, Lepidosaphes ulmi Linn, Wheel Bugs. Country Gentleman, June 20, 1907, 72 :593'2 Brief general notice of wheel bugs, Arilus cristatus Linn. Whale Oil Soap. Country Gentleman, June 27, 1907, 72 :61874 Observation on composition and preparation of this insecticide. Beet Leaf Miner. Country Gentleman, July 4, 1907, 72 :6386 Brief economic account of the beet leaf miner, Pegomyia vicina Lintn. Apple Maggot or Railroad Worm. Country Gentleman, July 4, 1907, 72 :640"¢ A brief general account of the apple maggot or railroad worm, Rhago- letis pomonella Walsh, with special reference to repressive measures. Shade Tree Protection. Albany Argus, July 7; Albany Evening Journal, July 8; Troy Times, July 8; Troy Press, July 8; Cohoes Dispatch, July 8; Glens Falls Times, July 9; Times Union (Albany), July 9; Mechanicville Mercury, July 13 Brief warning notice respecting the white marked tussock moth, Hem- erocampa lemeosticema Abb. & Sm: and the elm leaf beetle, Galetred tla fateota Mull. Apple Plant Lice. Country Gentleman, July 11, 1907, 72 :658%6 Brief general economic notice of apple plant lice with special refer- etlcesto the rosy aphis,; Aphis pomi DeG. 54 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Mottled Willow Borer. Country Gentleman, July 11, 1907, 72 :660"' Brief general account of the mottled willow borer, Cryptorhyn- ~ chus lapathi Linn. with special reference to methods of control. 22d Report of the State Entomologist on the Injurious and Other Insects of the State of New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bul. rio, Entomology 28, p. 37-186, pl. 1-3, 1908. Issued July 16, 1907. Contents . PAGE PAGE AtEPOGRETIOMa Aah seme see. wre 3y | Notes for the year (ccntinued) © RUB Eee IMSCCES eel a. oh ete 39 | - Gatden insects... /) 5c 53 Shade tree problem...:..... easy AS Shade: tree ansectaa. eee \ Gipsy and brown tail moths... 40 Forest insects: .. 2.5335 . ee ANC ILatAC ISCCES A erates eae) oe AL Miscellaneous: ... 4. : 2. 59 Gall anmdpesay f39.0 snr aera 41 | Voluntary entomological service. 65 Publications. 4.2 Acca ena 42 | List of publications of the Ento- Collechoas. eee ee 42 mOlOPISt. 4. .... 5. de ee 63 ice wake ts Woe ene ae .. -43 | Contributions to. collection.) saa. cg NitESery.MGOFrtIliGates «nae Shc tes 43, | Appendix’. .c.ck 2. -sor ee 97 Woltuntatye Observers... 77 aee 44 | New species of Cecidomyiidae... 97 SETS 10 0 RNA pe OA NR os Oc 5 AA |" Addenda: tic. c.vcsess es oe 14) Netes: “forthe: year “oo eee 45 | Explanation of plates.......... 167 POC MMISUS Senos sce See we Ae: | EUR 1 RS 5, OR ate ah nea 5. ees The Elm Leaf Beetle. The Troy (N. Y.) Times, July 18, eae A stimmarized account of the elm leaf beetle, Galerucella luteola Mill. with special reference to methods of control. Root Worms and Other Insects in Chautauqua Vineyards. Grape Belt (Dunkirk, N. Y.) July 19, 1907, p. 1; Jamestown Journal, July 19 A summary account of present conditions with special reference to the work of grape root worms, Fidia viticida Walsh. : The Welfare of Our Shade Trees. Troy Times, Aug. 7, 1907; Albany Evening Journal, Aug. 7; Amstercam Recorder, Aug. 10; Niagara Falls Journal, Aug. 12; Olean Times, Aug. 14, and several other papers A brief plea for the better protection >f{ shade trees in cities and villages Bag Worm. Country Gentleman, Aug. 15, 1907, 72 :75876 Brief general notice of the bag worm, Thyridopteryx ephemer- aeformis Haw. with special reference to control measures. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 55 Squash Borer. Country Gentleman, Aug. 22, 1907, 72:778'4 The employment of trap vines supplemented by cutting out and destroying {he borers is advised for the squash borer, Melittia satyriniformis Hiibn. . Plottculture: Diseases and Pests. N. Y. State Lib. Bul. 113. Peas. 335 1907. pp: 64-65 Issued Sept. 4, 1907. Review of lecislation for 1906. Potato Bugs. Country Gentleman, Sept. 12, 1907, 72 :861%° Observations on the local abundance of potato beetles, Doryphora decimlineata Say and the effect of paris green on potato blight. Bag Worms. Country Gentleman, Sept. 12, 1907, 72 :861* ihe habits ot bac worms, Phyridopteryx ephemeraeformis Haw. are outlined and remedial measures briefly given. What Makes Hickory Galls. Garden Magazine, Oct. 1907, p. 154- 55 , | i Brief life history of the hickory gall aphid, Phylloxera caryae- caulis Fitch with discussion of remedial measures. Mole Cricket. Country Gentleman, Oct. 3, 1997, T2025 Brief general descriptive account of the mole cricket, Gryllotalpa borealis Burm. Spey worn (Porthetrtia dispar -Linn.) ‘Report of. the Commissioner for the Suppression of the Gipsy and Brown Tail Moths (R. I.), 1906, p. 71-72 Suppression rather than extermination is advocated where there is a large infested area. 56 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS TO COLLECTION OCT. 15, 19062Qume 14, 1907 The following is a list of the more important additions to the collections. | DONATION Hymenoptera Sphex ichneumonea Linn, adult, Aug. 20, Miss Hazel C. Hil- ron, Old Chatham, Ne-Y- Pelecinus polyturator Dru, adult; Sept..5, L. Pose Cobleskill; N.Y. Andficus seminator Harr., wool sower, gall on oak, June 10, from Washington, D. C. and A.? petiolicola- Bass., oak lear seam gall, June 23, from East Orange, N. J.; both from Miss E. G. Mitchell, Washington, D. C. A. singularis Bass., oak leaf apple gall on oak, June 17; Rh odrece bicolor Harr.; spiny bullet gall on rose, June 17, from Shushan, N. Y., S. H. Burnham, Albany, N. Y. Coleoptera Xyleborus dispar Fabr., pear blight beetle, adult on peach, June 4, Virgil Bogue, Albion, N. Y. ; Lachnosterna? fusca. Froh, May beetle, larvae attackers roots of seedling pines, Aug. 19, C. R. Pettis, Lake Clear Junction, N. Y. Same, larvae on roots of evergreens, Aug. 27, E. S. Woodruff, Wawbeek, Nev Plesiocis cribrum? Casey, adult on Polyporus on spruce, May 21, from Woburn, Mass. .C. H. Peck, Albany, N.Y. Acoptus -suturalis. Lec;- Piazuruis ocd la tis eee Conotrachelus anaglypticus Say; Iphthimus opaeaee Lec; Oncidefes cingulata Say; Doret's paral tevueeeee Corymbites hamatus Say: Geopinus incrassatueuee Dicaelus’ dilatatus Say; Notiophilus’ si-birieu sme Calosoma externum Say; Carabus serratus; say; all from R. F. Pearsall, Brooklyn, N. Y. Charles P. Alexander, Gloversville, N. Y. has contributed a number of species, some extremely desirable, in return for numerous identifications. Diptera Olfersia americana, Leach, adult on barred owl, Oct. 25, DoW. Alcott, East Greenbush, N. Y. Agromyza aeneiventris Fall., larvae, Nov. 11, Miss C. H: Clarke, Boston, Mass. Trypeta bigeloviae CklIl., galls, June 24, from: Florissant, Gon T. D. A. Cockerell, Boulder, Col. A number of Cecidomyiid galls, L. H. Joutel, New York, N. Y. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 57 A number of Cecidomyiidae, mostly bred species, Dr M. T. Thompson, letely deceased, formerly of Clark University, Worcester, Mass. _ Cecidomyiid galls taken mostly in the vicinity of Magnolia, Mass., a few near Boston, Miss Cora H. Clarke, Boston, Mass. Numerous Cecidomyiidae, Owen Bryant, Cohasset, Mass. Cecidomyiid galls, mostly from the vicinity of Washington, Miss Evelyn G. Mitchell, Washington, D. C. Cecidomyiidae from Kansas and Texas, E. S. Tucker, Plano, Tex. Cecidomyiid galls and adults, Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, Boulder, Col. Several Cecidomyiid galls, Dr Jee Fletcher, Central Experimental Farms, Ottawa, Can. - Numerous Cecidomyiid galls, Prof. T. D. Jarvis, Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Ont. A number of Cecidomyiid galls, T. N. Willing, Regina, Sask. N. W. T. A number of Cecidomyiid galls and bred adults, Norman Criddle, Treesbank, Manitoba, Can. Seocrdomyid verricicola ©;,S., linden leat gall, calls on lin- den or basswood, Nov. 14, J. Howell, Highland Falls, N. Y. Poo nda lia conspireua ©: S., galls: and, larvae on Rud - peckia laciniata, Aug. 18, W. S. Fisher, High Spire; Pa Bipee ce rata -rhio@ophaeca ‘Gog, adult and larvac; Dec. 8, Prof. Ss. A. Forbes, Urbana, III. aeaetiotiynenis “perturbans Walk, adults, July 30; Eucorethra underwoodi Undw,, larvae, Aug. 28, E. Channing Stowell, Dublin, N. H. Cmax pipiens Linn. shotise mosquito, adults, Sept. 23; Culi- cada sollicitans Walk., salt marsh mosquito, adults, Aug. 3, D. ierwarsaall. Fotis. lh. 3.,°N.. Y: dipuligae several species; Pediscia.albivitta Walk... Xylota vecors O.S.,., Jan. 21, R. F. Pearsall, Brooklyn, N. Y. Lepidoptera Hill Collection This is an exceptionally valuable addition to the State collections, consisting of some 10,000 specimens, representing approximately 3000 species. It is in excellent condition and was donated by Erastus D. Hill, Carrie J. Hill Van Vleck and William W. Hill, heirs of the late William W. Hill of Albany, N. Y. The catalogue of this collection is given in the appendix. Attacus tla Ss bint. sadult poept. £7, Ac J. Booth, Mini Pk Anisota rubicunda Fabr., green striped maple worm, on maple, Piette bet © Cd Mpa eC utitiivitta Walk,.on maple, Aug. 12, F. J. Greene, Centre Berlin, N. Y.; the same, Aug. 22, W. A. Stearns, Centre Berlin N.Y. : Bermeuscrs \denticulalis. Harv., adult, July 31, Mrs Alex. Hiland Hill, Palenville, N. Y. Ennomos subsignarius MHibn., snow-white linden moth, adults, Sept. 9, J. M. Chew, Newburgh, N. Y. 58 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Leucobrephos brephoides Walk. adult, April, from St Lawrence county, Dr T. P. Bailey, Albany, N. Y. Phobetron pithecium Abb. & Sm, hag moth caterpillar, larva on maple, Sept. 17, W. E. Lackay, Rensselaer, N. Y. Zeuzera pyrina Fabr., leopard moth, on apple; Octgome ee Huested, Blauvelt, N. Y. Eucosma scudderiana Clem, larva on solidago, Feb. 27, C. P. Alexander, Gloversville, N. Y. Ancylus nubeculana Clem., apple leaf folder, larvae on apple, Sept. 17, C. EB. Hidridge, 1eon,. N. -Y: ; Mompha brevivittella Clem. and M. eloisella item adults on Oenothera grandiflora, Oct. 16, Miss A. Apeiege New York, N. Y. Ee nawiorp S12 nivigerata Walk; .Euchoeca --¢ x ama Pears. co. typ.; Mesoleuca immanata Haw.; P €tragiemea fluctuata Linn.; Orthofidonia exornata~ Walk sane inacularia Harr; Therina endropiatia Walk; gee serinaria H-S; P. phlogosaria -Guen. Jan. 21, ftom) soon valley, Catskill mountains; all from R. F. Pearsall, Brooklyn, N. Y. - Hemiptera ; Phylloxera caryaecaulis Fitch, hickory gall aphid; galigvenm hickory, May 27, Mrs Milton Barger, St Lawrence county, N. Y. Empoasca mali LeB., apple leaf hopper, adult on apple, July 1, C. W. Hagen, Sparrowbush, N. Y. Myzus cerasi.Fabr., cherry aphis, adults on cherry, July testes Kidder, Port Henry, N. Y. » Nectarophora pisi.Kalt., pea aphid, adults on peas; (ame F. E. Guyett, Rensselaer, N. Y. Chermes pinicorticis Fitch, pine bark aphis on pine, Apte 30, C..D.. Howe, Pisgah Forest, N: C. Phoenicococcus marlatti CkIl, on date palm; Mar 36) Tempe, Ariz.; Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, Boulder, Col. Aspidiotus forbesi John., cherry scale, adults on basswood, Apr. 25, Dr James Fletcher, Central Experimental Farms, Ottawa, Can. A. ostreaeformis Curtis, European -fruit. scale, adults. came voung on plum, May 8, R. Wohlers, Williamsville, N. Y. A. perniciosus Comst., San José scale on apple, Apr 15°No Courtney, Cornwall-on-Hudson, N. Y. Same, adults on currant; May 30, D. D. Stone, Oswego, N. Y. Aulacaspis rosae Bouché, rose scale, adults and larvae on raspberry, Mar.20;-€. He Peck, Albany, N:Y. Chionaspis pinifoliae Fitch, pine leaf scale, eggs on pine, Nov. 9, Isaac Hicks & Son, Westbury Station, N. Y. Gossyparia spuria Mod, elm bark louse, females on elm, June 15, Mrs Douglas Merritt, Rhinebeck, N. Y. y Orthoptera Nyctobora holosericia Klug., giant cockroach, adult, July 1, from Albany, N. Y. C. E. Fairman, Lyndonville, N. Y. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 59 Mallophaga mecom onus -syrmnaii Pack? adult on ‘barred owl, Oct. 25, D. W. Alcott, East Greenbush, N. Y. Mocwonintis sy tniiie Pack. on barred owl, Nov. 13; Haema- topinus antennatus ? Osb. on gray squirrel, Nov. 8; Lipeurus baculus Nitzsch on pigeon, Nov. 4; Lipeurus sp. on Gadwall MiemNoy, 4. Gonpocotes compar Nitzsch on pigeon, Nov: 4; Mam otroen turidim Nitzsch on Gadwall, Oct. 30; same, on duck, Nov. 8; same, Burrow’s golden-eye; all from G. H. Chadwick. Corrodentia Meropos diyinatoria Fabr:, book louse, adult, Oct. 30, Emil Voelckel, Wakefield, New York, N. Y. EoaGeusvenosus- Burm, adult on. decayed vegetable matter, Aug. 24, from Washington, Conn. Mrs Edwin H. Mairs, Irvineton-on- udson, N.Y. EXCHANGE Diptera ‘Johrson, Prof. C. W., Boston, Mass. Neaspilota achilleae joms ON albtdipennis Loew, N. .vernoniae Loew, Try - Mem pip osa. loew, Stetomyia tenuis: Loew, Chaetop- ieee ea tis jonns, l[etanops Turidaipennis Loew, Meli- efide, OD SCwricornis Loew, Roi vee iia DEewmkha Seta ba Mites og uddritasciata Macq, Lhelaira leucozona Bageworeaptosend apicalis Desy; Eechinomyta florum TM Onsite condoerdes -Coq, Chactoplagia: atri- Po tmis coq. Sturmia aterita, Town, Epterymyia polita limi ct ia pi lapennis, Fall EFrichopoda’ pliumipes fhe op mora .acueoyentris Wil, Hydrophorus eldo- Poems tea VVinecier ti: ~wiridiflios.Walk. Neurigona lat-= Clie Saye OnOSOmM a Unitdasc¢Latum “Say. »-Cbicolor Poem ee sale. po aginws comatis Loew, Mallophora or- Seni cen, bac tn ac lat us. Macq: (G=-lateralis Macaq,), Mopac a nis Vil ip, Serzeca Say, Atomosta puella Wieime usa ii Jonns.-@erOtainia macrocera Say, Nico- lea spretms Loew, Deromyia > bP>>> >> A. chitone Edw. Nevada A. liliana Hy. Edw. California A. rupestris Behr. var. irene Boisd. California A. adiaste Behr. California A. eurynome Edw. Colorado, Wis- consin A. eurynome Edw. var. arge Streck. California A. montivaga Behr. A. (montivaga) aphirape _ Europe A. (montivaga) aphirape var. triclaris Hiibn. Europe, Labrador A. (montivaga) aphirape var. baetica Rbr. Europe A. selene Schiff. Europe A. euphrosyne Linn. Europe A. pales Schiff. Europe A. pales var. lapponica Stegr. rope A. thore Hiibn. Europe A. dia Linn. Hungary A. amathusia Esp. Germany A. hecate Esp. Europe A. ino Rott. Russia, Europe A. daphne Schiff. Europe A. lathonia Linn. Europe A. aglaja Linn. Europe A A A A A A A (adiante Boisd.). Hiuibn. Eu- . niobe Linn. Europe . niobe var. eris Meig. Europe . adippe Linn. Europe . sagana Doubl. Amoorland . paphia Linn. Europe . pandora Schiff. Europe . niphe Linn. Java Brenthis States myrina Cram. United 68 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Brenthis (Argynnis) helena Edw. Colorado B. (Argynnis) chariclea Schneider. Europe B. (Argynnis) polaris Boisd. Nor- way, Labrador B. (Argynnis) Europe frigga Thunb. B. (Argynnis) bellona Fabr. New York, Ohio B. (Argynnis) epithore Boisd. Nevada, Oregon Apatura (Hypolimnas) misippus Linn. Queensland Hypolimnas bolina Linn. (lasinassa Cram.). China H. salmacis Dru. Madagascar H. alimena Linn. Queensland H. anthedon Doubl. Cape Good Hope Euphydryas (Melitaea) phaeton Dru. New York Lemonias (Melitaea) cooperi Behr. Colorado, Washington L. (Melitaea) chalcedon California — L. (Melitaea) colon Edw. Washing- pee 2) ‘L. (Melitaea) anicia Doubl. & Hew. Nevada L. (Melitaea) nubigena Behr. Colo- rado } Doubl. L. (Melitaea) baroni Hy. Edw. Nevada L. (Melitaea) rubicunda Hy. Edw. Oregon L. (Melitaea) editha Boisd. Cali- fornia L. (Melitaea) acastus Edw. Arizona L. (Melitaea) ‘palla Boisd. Cali- fornia L. (Melitaea) whitneyii Behr. Colo- rado L. (Melitaea) hoffmanni Behr. Cali- fornia | L. (Melitaea) gabbii fornia Cinclidia (Melitaea) harrisii Scudd. Maine Cc. (Melitaea) perse Edw. Arizona Behr: Gali C. (Melitaea) chara Edw. Arizona Thessalia (Melitaea) leanira Boisd. California T. theona Mene. (Melitaea fulvia Edw.). Rio Grande Schoenis (Melitaea) minuta Edw. Colorado S. (Melitaea) nympha Edw. Ari- zona Melitaea cynthia Hiibn. Schwerin M. maturna Linn. Europe M. aurinia Rott. Europe M. aurinia var. sareptana Stegr. Siberia M. aurinia var. merope Prun. Schwerin, Dalmatia M. desfontainii Godt. Spain, Russia M. desfontainii Godt. var. baetica Rbr. Europe . cinxia Linn. Europe . aetherie Hiibn. Europe didyma Esp. Europe . trivia Schiff. Europe trivia var. fascelis Esp. Europe athalia Rott. Europe . aurelia Nick. Thuringia . parthenie Bkh. Europe . parthente var.~ Vania Europe M. dictynna Esp. Europe M. asteria Frr. Schwerin, Hungary Charidryas (Phyciodes) nycteis Doubl. & Hew. New York C. ismeria Boisd. (Phyciodes carlota Reak.). Arizona Phyciodes phaon Edw. Florida P. tharos Drury (var. marcia Edw.). Ohio, New York P. tharos var. morpheus Fabr. York 3 : P. batesii Reak. New York P. pratensis Behr. Arizona, Colo- rado P. camillus Edw. Colorado P. mylitta Edw. California P. picta Edw. Colorado P. liriope Cram. var. fragilis Bates. Brazil P. (Eresia) eunice Hiibn. Sees eee Meyer. New Bogota REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 69 Anthanassa (Eresia) texana Edw. Texas Chlosyne (Coatlantona) janais Dru. Brazil, Texas C. lacinia Geyer (Synchloe adjutrix Scudd.). Texas, New Mexico Coatlantona narva Fabr. Central America Araschnia levana Linn. Europe Mestra (Cystineura) amymone Mene. Texas Polygonia (Grapta) interrogationis Fabr. New York P. (Grapta) comma Harris. New York P. (Grapta) comma var. dryas Edw. New. York P. (Grapta) satyrus Edw. New York P. (Grapta) faunus Edw. New York ‘ P. (Grapta) zephyrus Edw. New York : P. (Grapta) progne Cram. New York P. (Grapta) c-album Linn. Europe P. (Grapta) egea Cram. Europe Eugonia (Vanessa) j-album Boisd. New York E. (Vanessa) California Euvanessa (Vanessa) antiopa Linn. New York, Europe Aglais milberti Godt. New York Vanessa (Pyrameis) atalanta Linn. United States, Europe V. huntera Fabr. New York Vo cardui Linn. - United Europe V. jo Linn. Europe V. urticae Linn. Europe V. l-album Esp. (Vau album Nicev.). Europe V. xanthomelas Esp. Europe californica Boisd. States, V. polychlorus Linn. Europe Pyrameis itea Fabr. New South Wales Poundica: Host. India P. myrinna Doubl. Rio de Janeiro Junonia clelia Cram. Africa ’T. laothoe var. ariadne Cram. orithya Linn. New South Wales genoveva Cram. Amazon river f iis J. lavinia Cram. A i IE Brazil asterie Linn. China laomedia Linn. China J. oenone. Linn. var. hierta Fabr. China J. coenta Hubn. South Atlantic States New South Wales Africa J. vellida Fabr. Salamis anacardii Linn. 'S. antilope Feisth. Abyssinia Napeocles jucunda Hiibn. Amazon river Kallima inachis Boisd. India K. rumia Westw. Calabar Doleschallia bisaltide Cram. Guinea Anartia Brazil A. lytrea Godt. A. fatima Fabr. A. amalthea Linn. Victorina steneles America V. epaphus Latr. V. sulpitia Cram. Hypanartia dione © America H. delius Dru. West Africa H. zabulina Godt. Europe Didonis bibilis Fabr. Amazon river Pyrrhogyra typhoeus Feld. Brazil Ergolio ariadne Linn. China Cybdelis mnasylus Doubl. & Hew. South America Cyclogramma Brazil Temenis laothoe Cram. New jatrophae Linn. Texas, Cuba Costa Rica Bogota Linn.’ Central Mexico Guiana Lair. + Cental pandama Doubl. Brazil Brazil Panama Brazil Nica canthara Doubl. Dynamine agacles Dalm. D. myrrhina Doubl. Peru D. rostverta Cram. Central America Eunica monima Cram. (modesta Bates). Texas E. clytia Hew. Brazil E. veronica Bates. Bogota, Peru E. pomona Feld. Bolivia 70 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Diaethria (Callicore) clymena Cram. Peru Amphichlora (Ageronia) Hiibn. Central America A. (Ageronia) feronia Linn. Brazil Ageronia chloe Stall. Central America A. belladonna Bates. Brazil A. amphinome Linn. Brazil A. arethusa Cram. Central America A. velutina Bates. Bogota Callicore eluina Hew. Bogota C. lidwina Feld. Peru C. cornelia Herr.-Schaef. America Megalura berania Hew. Cuba M. orsilochus Fabr. Brazil M. corinna Latr. var. marcella Feld. Brazil M. iole Dru. Panama Anthena (Megalura) peleus Sulz. Central’ America Timetes (Megalura) chiron Fabr. Brazil Perisama priene Hopff. Peru P. humboltii Guer. Peru Catagramma peristera Hew. Bogota C. hesperis Guer. Peru C. sp. Bogota Gynaecia dirce Linn. Brazil Batesia prola Doubl. & Hew. Peru B. divalis Bates. Bogota B. hypochlora Feld. Bogota Callizona aceste Linn. Brazil Libythina cuvierii Grtt. Peru Myscelia cyaniris Doubl. Honduras M. orsis Dru. Rio de Janeiro Catonephele acontius Linn. Brazil C. sabrina Hew. South America C. nyctimus Westw. South America Lebadea alankara Horsf. India Basilarchia (Limenitis) ursula Godt. Ohio B. astyanax Fabr. var. arizonensis Edw. (Limenitis ursula Godt.). Arizona B. (Limenitis) arthemis Dru. New York B. (Limenitis) arthemis var. proser- pina Edw. New York fornax South B. (Limenitis) weidemeyerii Edw. Colorado B. (Limenitis disippe Godt.) archip- pus Cram. New York B. (Limenitis eros Edw.) floridensis Streck. Mississippi B. (Limenitis) lorquinii Pacific States . Limenitis (Adelpha) bredowii Hiibn. Peru L. (Adelpha) bredowii var. cali- fornica Butl. California L. populi Linn. Europe L. populi var. tremulea Esp. Russia L. camilla Schiff. Europe L. sibilla Linn. Europe Adelpha iphicla Linn. Bogota A. serpa Boisd. Amazon river A. olynthia Feld. Bogota Hestina nama Doubl. Himalaya mts Neptis lucilla Fabr. Hungary N. aceris Lep. Europe Euphhaedra ceres Fabr. Calabar E. medon Linn. West Africa E. xypete Hew. West Africa Boisd. Cymothoe (Harma) aemilius Doum. Calabar C. (Harma) theobene Doubl. West Africa Apatura iris Linn. France, Europe ilia Schiff. Europe . ilia var. clytie Scliff. Europe . elis Feld. Peru . lucasii Doubl. Brazil . laurentia Godt. Brazil . angelina Feld. Peru . zunilda Godt. Peru . druryi Hubn. Cuba Ciiceeee (Apatura) celtis Boisd. & Lec. Texas C. (Apatura) leilia Edw. Arizona C. (Apatura) alicia Edw. Florida C. (Apatura) clyton Boisd. & Lee. Texas C. (Apatura) clyton var. proserpina Scudd. Atlantic States C. (Apatura) flora Edw. Florida Coea (Aganisthos) acheronta Favr. Bogota, Cuba ee ————" =. 7 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9Q07 Tie Historis (Aganisthos) odius Fab;. Bogota Prepona pheridamas Cram. P. meander Cram. Chili Smyrna karwinskii Hiibn. Mexico Charaxes (Nymphalis) jasius Linw. Algeria, France Guiana N. neanthes Hew. South Africa Megistanis baeotus Doubl. & Hew. Bogota M. deucalion Feld. Bogota Hypna clytemnestra Cram. Brazil Anaea andria Scudd. (Paphia troglo- dyta Fabr.). Texas Nymphalis brutus Cram. West | A. philumena Doubl. Peru Airica A. arginusa Hubn. Brazil N. eudamippus Doubl. India Siderone ide Hitbn. Cuba Agapetidae Melanargia lachesis Hiubn. Europe S. circe Fabr. Europe M. lachesis Hibn. var. halimede | S. dryas Scop.-(phaedra Linn.) Mene. China S. actaea Esp. var. cordula Fabr. M. galathea Linn. Europe Europe M. galathea var. procida Hbst.} S. actaea var. bryce Hiibn. Cau- Europe | casus M. japygia Cyr. var, stwarovius | Erebia tyndarus Esp. Germany Abst. Russia He tyndaras” (var. ~icallias dw). M. japygia var. caucasica Nordm. Colorado Russia M. ines Hffsgg. Europe M. syllius Hbst. Europe Cercyonis (Satyrus) alope Atlantic States C. (Satyrus) alope var. boopis Behr. Pacific States C. (Satyrus) alope var. Kirby. Atlantic States C. (Satyrus) gabbii Edw. Arizona C. (Satyrus) meadii.Edw. Colorado C. (Satyrus) sylvestris Edw. Cali- fornia C. (Satyrus) sylvestris var. charon Edw. Nevada Gyrocheilus tritonia Edw. Arizona Fabr. nephele Aphantopus (Satyrus) hyperantus Linn. Europe Satyrus fidia Linn. Europe S. statilinus Hufn. Asia, Europe S. statilinus var. allionia abr. Europe . arethusa Esp. Europe semele Linn. Europe . semele var. aristaeus Bon. Europe anthe Och. Europe . briseis Linn. Europe . hermione Linn. Europe . aleyone Schiff. Europe NNNNNNN HERR Pe . disa Thunb. Europe . melampus Fuessl. Europe . mnestra Hitbn. Alps, Europe arete Fabr. Schwerin, Germany . pharte Hiibn. Europe manto Esp. Europe ceto Hubn. Europe medusa Fabr. Europe medusa var. polaris Stegr. Europe medusa var. psodea Hiibn. Europe . oeme Hibn. Europe . glacialis Esp—war. alecto Hiubn. Europe stygne Och. Europe afer Esp. Russia gorge Esp. Alps, Europe goante Esp. Europe pronoe Esp. Europe . pronoe var. pitho Hibn. . aethiops Esp. Europe ligea Linn. Europe . euryale Esp. Europe . epistigne Hubn. France . evias Gedit. France . epiphron Knoch var. cassiop2 Fabr. Schwerin, Germany Neominois (Satyrus) ridingsii Edz. Colorado Europe 72 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Neominois dionysius Scudd. Colo- rado Coenonympha californica Doubl. & Hew. California C. elko Edw. (ampelos Nevada, Massachusetts C. ochracea Edw. Colorado C. typhon Rott. Europe C. typhon Rott. (inornata Edw.). California C. iphis Schiff. Europe C. arcania Linn. Europe C. arcania var. darwiniana Stegr. Europe C. arcania var. satyrion Esp. France C. amaryllis Cram. Europe C. pamphilus Linn. var. lyllus Esp. Europe C. oedippus Fabr. Europe C. hero Linn. Europe Triphysa phryne Pall. Edw.). Siberia Enodia (Debis) portlandia Fabr. Ohio, Atlantic States Satyrodes (Neonympha) canthus Linn. New York Oeneis (Chionobas californica Boisd.) nevadensis Felder. California, Washington O. (Chionobas) chryxus Doubl. & Hew. Wisconsin, Colorado O. jutta Hiibn. Labrador O. uhleri Reak. Colorado O. norna Thunb. var. taygete Hiibn. North Labrador -E. mynceoides Stegr. . climene Esp. Russia . megera Linn. Europe megera var. lyssa Hiibn. . hiera Fabr. Europe . maera Linn. Europe . maera var. adrasta Hiibn. Europe Neonympha gemma Hiibn. Southern States N. henshawii Edw. Rocky mts N. phocion Fabr. Southern States Cissia (Neonympha) eurytus Fabr. New York Europe SoMacMacMacMachia) C. (Neonympha) sosybius Fabr. Florida, Texas C. (Neonympha) rubricata Edw. : Arizona Epinephele jurtina Linn. Europe E. jurtina Linn. var. hispulla Hiubn. Spain E. ida Esp. Europe E. pasiphaé Esp. Europe E. lycaon Rott. Hungary E. wagneri Herr.-Schaef. Persia E. abeona Don. New South Wales Xenica achanta Don. South Wales Heteronympha merope Fabr. Aus- tralia Euptychia mollina Hubn. river E. libye Linn. E. herse Cram. E. hesione Sulz. Amazon Central America South America South America Panama Cithaerias andromeda Fabr. Brazil O. norna var. semidea Say. White | Haetera hypaesia Hew. Bogota mts Pierella nereis Dru. Brazil O. aello Esp. Europe P. lena Linn. Peru O. bore Schn. Europe P. dracontis Hibn. Para Pararge aegeria Linn. Europe Melanitis leda Linn. Australia P. achine Scop. (dejanira Linn.). Europe Morphinae Thaumantis camadeva Westw. Him-| M. achilles var; leonte achillaena alaya mts Morpho sulkowskyi Koll. M. menelaus Linn. Brazil M. achilles Linn. var. helenor Cram. Brazil M. achilles var. leonte Hiibn. Ecuador Brazil Hiibn. Guiana M. achilles var. patroclus Feld. Peru M. achilles var. coelestis Butl. Bra- zil M. didius Hopf. Peru M. hercules Dalm. Amazon river M. laertes Dru. Brazil OS wa REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 as Brassolinae Caligo ilioneus Cram. Brazil C. idomeneus Linn. Surinam C. eurylochus Cram. Brazil C. teucer Linn. Brazil Acraeinae Acraea andromacha Fabr. Australia | A. anteas Doubl. & Hew. Vene- A. serena Fabr. Africa A. vesta Fabr. India _ A. arganice Hew. Natal zuela | A. diceus Latr. Peru Heliconidae Apostraphia (Heliconius) charithonia Linn. Florida Heliconius melpomene Linn. Bogota H. estrella Bates. South America H. petiverana Doubl. Brazil H. vesta Cram. Columbia H. phyllis Fabr. Brazil H. burneyi Hibn. Brazil H. fornarina Hew. Costa Rica H. leuce Doubl. Brazil H. clydno Doubl. Brazil H. pochinus Salv. Columbia argue {aol fee) or Woe acigac . thea Cram. Brazil, Bogota . apseudes Hiibn. Amazon river . hermathena Hew. Brazil erato Linn. Brazil erato var. doris Linn. Brazil neumata Cram. Central America . eucrate Hiibn. Brazil . antiochus Linn. Bogota Eueides aliphera Godt. Bogota E. thales Cram. Bogota E. lybia Fabr. Amazon river E. isabella Cram. Amazon river Ithomiidae Dircenna klugii Hiibn. Brazil, Guate- mala Hamadryas zoilus Fabr. Lycorea cleobaea Godt. America L. halia Hubn. L. pasinuntia Cram. Thyridia psidii Linn. Aprotopos aedesia Doubl. river Ceratinia vallonia Hew. Amazon river Mechanitis polymnia Linn. Brazil M. polymnia var. lysimnia Fabr. Brazil Brazil South Brazil Amazon river Bogota Amazon Ithomia flora Cram. Brazil I. sao Hubn. var. antisao Bates. Bogota I. eurimedia Cram. Brazil I. diaphanus Dru. South America oto Hew. - Costa. Rica Melinaea egina Cram. Amazon river M. mneme Linn. Amazon river M. lilis Hew. var. imitata Bates. Costa Rica Tithorea tarra¢cina Hew. - Central _ America T. harmonia Cram. var. Bates. South America cuaprina Lymnadidae Anosia (Danais erippus Cram.) plex- ippus Linn. Jamaica, New York, Java A. berenice Cram. Texas _ A. (Danais) berenice var. Bates. Mexico strigosa Danais plexaure Godt. Brazil D. albata Zink. Java D. melenaus Cram. Celebes D. aglea Cram. var. luzonensis Feld. D. aglea var. grammica_ Boisd. Cochin China 74 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Danais limniace Cram. India D. limniace var. hamata Macl. Queensland D. juventa Cram. Java D. similis Linn. Malacca D. chrysippus Linn. Cochin China D. chrysippus var. alcippus Cram. Africa D. gilippus Cram. Brazil Hestia blanchardii March. Celebes Ideopsis vitrea Blanch. Moluccas 4 Amauris egilaea Cram. Java Euploea godartii Luc. Cochin China E. core Cram. India E. hyems Butl. Australia E. diocletia Hiibn. Philippine Islands E. midamus Linn. China E. eleutho Quoy var. helcita Boisd. D. gilippus var. jamaicensis Bates. (montrouzieri Newm.). Fiji Jamaica Islands Libytheidae Hypatus (Libythea) carinenta Cram. | Libythea celtis Fuess. Europe Texas L. motya Boisd. Cuba Erycinidae : Nemeobius lucina Linn. Europe | Lemoniidae Alesa amosis Cram. Cayenne S. euterpe Linn. Bogota Eurybia nicaeus Fabr. Brazil S. evelina Butl. Amazon river Mesosemia traga Hew. Para S. striata Guer. Bogota M. croesus Fabr. Amazon river Lemonias emylius Cram. Guiana Ancyluris eryxo Saund. Peru A. aulestes Cram. Brazil Apodemia epulus Cram. Brazil Stalachtis phlegia Cram. Brazil S. susanna Fabr. South America L. pseudocrispus Westw. Brazil Helicopis endymion Cram.. Surinam Nymphalidium caricae Linn. South America Riodinidae - Chrysobia (Lemonias) cythera Edw. California C. (Lemonias) virgulti Behr. fornia Polystigma (Lemonias) nais Edw. Arizona | Cali- P. (Lemonias) palmerii Edw. Ari- zona Emesis (Lemonias) zela Butl. var. cleis Edw. Arizona E. lucinda Cram. Brazil Calephelis caenius Linn. Florida Lycaenidae Eumaeus (Eumenia) atala Poey. | Uranotes (Thecla humuli Harr.) Florida melinus Hiibn. Florida -Habrodias (Thecla) grunus Boisd. ‘California | Hypaurotis (Thecla) crysalus Edw. Colorado Atlides (Thecla) Texas halesus Crant. Thecla favonius Sm. & Abb. Florida . acadica Edw. Ohio . californica Edw. California . edwardsii Saund. New York . wittfeldii Edw, Florida . calanus Hiibn. New York ie: hee agp cusz Sage REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 75 Thecla liparops Boisd. (strigosa Harr.). New York . saepium Boisd. Pacific States . blenina Hew. (siva Edw.). Texas erix Cram. Brazil syncellus Cram. Brazil marsyas Linn. Rio de Janeiro linus Sulz. Surinam pelion Cram. Brazil hemon Cram. South America pholeus Cram. Brazil . phaleros Linn. Brazil (Lycaena) caranus Cram. Bogota . spini Schiff. Siberia . w-album Knoch. Europe . ilicis Esp. Europe . acaciae Fabr. Europe . pruni Linn. Europe Mitoura (Thecla smilacis Boisd. & Lec.) damon Cram. New York Calycopis (Thecla poeas Hiibn.) cecrops Fabr. Florida Incisalia (Thecla) augustus Kirby. New York HHSss88388888H8HH8H I. (Thecla) irus Godt. New York I. (Thecla) niphon Hibn. New York . Callophrys (Thecla) dumetorium Boisd. California C. rubi Linn. Europe Strymon (Thecla) titus Fabr. New York Zephyrus quercus Linn. Europe Z. betulae Linn. Europe Feniseca tarquinius Fabr. New York Tharsalea (Lycaena) virginiensis Edw. Colorado Gaeides (Polyommatus) xanthoides ' Boisd. California G. (Polyommatus) Kansas ; ‘ G. (Polyommatus) gorgon Boisd. California dione Scudd. Thestor ballus Fabr. Europe Chrysophanus thoe Boisd. Ohio, New York C. (Polyommatus) phlaeas Linn. Europe C. (Polyommatus) eleus Fabr. Europe phlaeas var. C. (Lycaena) nyseus Guer. C. (Polyommatus) alciphron Rott. Europe C. (Lycaena) alciphron var. gordius Sulz. Europe C. (Polyommatus) amphidamas Esp. Siberia C. (Polyommatus) amphidamas var. obscura Wernb. C. (Polyommatus) virgaureae Linn. Europe C. (Polyommatus) thersamon Esp. Europe C. (Polyommatus) caspius Led. Russia C. (Polyommatus) dispar Haw. var. rutilus Wernb. C. (Polyommatus) hippothoe Linn. Europe C. (Polyommatus) dorilis Hufn. Europe Epidemia (Chrysophanus) helloides Boisd. Colorado E. (Polyommatus) epixanthe Boisd. & Lec. Maine Heodes (Chrysophanus) hypophleas Boisd. New York Chalceria (Polyommatus) rubidus Edw. Montana C. (Polyommatus) rubidus_ var. sirius Edw. Colorado Cupido (Lycaena) heteronea Bozisd. Colorado C. (Lycaena) lycea Edw. Colorado C. (Lycaena daedalus Behr.) icari- oides Boisd. Colorado C. (Lycaena) saepiolus Boisd. Colo- rado C. (Lycaena) pheres Boisd. var. evius Boisd. Mt Hood India C. (Lycaena) cassius Cram. South America Nomiades (Lycaena) antiacis Boisd. California ; N. (Lycaena) lygdamas Doubl. Wis- consin, Colorado Phaedrotes (Lycaena lorquinii Behr.) sagittigera Feld. California Philotes (Lycaena) sonorensis Feld. California 76 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Agriades (Lycaena) aquilo Boisd. Europe, Labrador A. (Lycaena) rustica Edw. Colo- rado Rusticus Colorado R. (Lycaena) melissa Edw. Nevada R. (Lycaena) scudderi Edw. New York R. (Lycaena) acmon Doubl. & Hew. California R. (Lycaena) anna Edw. California Lycaena argiades Pall. Europe (Lycaena) shasta Edw. L. argus Linn. Europe L. sephyrus Friv. Russia L. alcedo Chrysto. Russia L. optilete Knoch. Europe &.-orion Pall. (battus Hubp.). Europe L. orbitulus Prun. Europe L. pheretes Hiibn. (atys Hiibn.). Europe ~L. astrarche Bgstr. (alexis Hubn.) var. allous Hibn. Europe . eumedon Esp. Europe . amandus Schn. Europe . eros Och. Alps eros var. eroides Friv. Russia . icarus Rott. Europe icarus var. icarinus Scrif. Europe .hylas Esp. (dorylas Hiibn.). Europe L. bellargus Rott. (adonis Hiibn.). Europe L. hylas Esp. France L. coridon Poda. Europe L. coridon var. caucasica Led. Russia L. erschofhi Led. Persia L. meleager Esp. Europe L. meleager var. steevenii Frr. Russia L. admetus Esp. Europe L. admetus var. ripartii Frr. Russia jie ives jel hie L. damon Schiff. Europe L. damone Ever. Russia L. damone var. carmon Herr.-Schaef. (eurpilus Frey). Russia L. semiargus Rott. (argiolus Esp.) (termiagus Butl.). Europe ..sebrus Boisd. France . cyllarus Rott. Europe . melanops Boisd. France . jolas Ochs. Europe . alcon Fabr. Europe . euphemus Hiibn. Rott.). Europe L. arion Linn. Europe L. arcas Rott. Europe : Cyaniris ladon Cram. (Lycaena pseudargiolus Linn.). Illinois C. ladon var. lucia Kirby. New York = C. ladon var. violacea Edw. Vir- ginia C. ladon var. cinerea zona C. ladon var. neglecta Edw. New York C. ladon var. piasus Boisd. Califor- nia Everes (Lycaena) amyntula Boisd. California FE. (Lycaena) comyntas Godt. New York Hemiargus isola Reak. (Lycaena alce Edw.). Texas H. (Lycaena) gyas Edw. Texas H. hanno Stoll. (Lycaena filenus Poey). Georgia el ete eee loa vias (diomedes Edw. Ari- H. (Lycaena) ammon Lucas. Florida Brephidium (Lycaena) isophthalma Herr.-Schaef. Florida B. (Lycaena) exilis Boisd. Texas Leptotes (Lycaena) marina Reak. South California Lampides (Lycaena) boeticus Linn. Europe Megathymidae Megathymus yuccae Boisd. & Lec. Florida M. cofaqui Streck. Texas m" —— ss elt a i ri ee a REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 77 Hesperiidae Pyrrhopyga phidias Linn. Bogota f sp: Peru P. acastus Cram. P. genetus Fabr. Brazil Entheus peleus Linn. Brazil E. busiris Fabr. Brazil E. vitreus Cram. South America Amblyscirtes vialis Edw. New York Carcharodus (Erynnis) alceae Esp. Europe C. (Erynnis) lavatherae Esp. Hun- gary Heteropterus morpheus Pall. Europe Pamphila palaemon Pall. (Cartero- cephalus mandan Edw.). Maine, New York, Europe P. (Carterocephalus) silvius Knoch. Europe Georgia Ancyloxypha numitor Fabr. New York, Ohio Copaeodes (Heteropterus) procris Edw. Texas Oarisma (Pamphila) garita Reak. Colorado Poanes (Pamphila) massasoit Scudd. New York Atrytone (Pamphila) zabulon Boisd. eo bee. Ohio A. hobomok Harr. Massachusetts, New York A. (Pamphila zabulon) hobomok var. pocahontas Scudd. Ohio Augiades (Pamphila) sylvanus Esp. Europe Erynnis (Pamphila) comma Lin. New Mexico, Colorado, Europe E. (Pamphila) comma var. colorado Scudd. Colorado E. (Pamphila) sassacus Harr. Maine — jamaica P. (Sphinx) paphus Stoll. Paraguay Hyloicus (Sphinx) pinastri Linzi. Europe cingulata Fabr. jamaicensis Butl. 80 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Sphinx kalmiae Sm. & Abb. New York, Maine S. drupiferarum Sm. G& Abb. Canada, Maine, New York S. perelegans Hy. Edw. California S. gordius Stoll. New York S. lucitiosa Clem. Maine S. chersis Hiibn. Maine S. (Hyloicus) sequoiae Boisd. Cali- fornia S. canadensis Boisd. New York S. andromeda Boisd. (separatus Newm.). New Mexico S. lugens Walk. Kansas S. eremitus Hiibn. New York S. (Hyloicus) plebeia Fabr. Georgia, Texas S. ligustri Linn. Europe Dolba hylaeus Dru. New York Ceratomia amyntor Hiibn. Ohio, New York C. (Daremma) undulosa Walk. New York, Ohio C. (Daremma) hageni Grt. Kansas Lapara (Ellema) bombycoides Walk. — New York L. (Ellema) pineum Linin. New York L. (Ellema) coniferarum Sm. & Abb. Southern States Marumba (Triptogon) modesta Harr. New York Dilina (Smerinthus) tiliae Linn. Russia . Smerinthus jamaicensis Dru. (gemi- natus Say). New York S. cerysii Kirby. New York S. cerysii var. ophthalmicus Borsd. California S. quercus Schiff. Europe S. ocellata Linn. Europe S. populi Linn. Europe Paonias excaecatus Sm. & ADD. Maine P. (Calasymbolus) myops Sm. & Abb. New Jersey P. (Calasymbolus) New Jersey astylus Dru. C. (Daremma) catalpae §- Boisd. | Cressonia juglandis Sm. & Abb. Florida New York Acherontia atropos Linn. Europe Saturniidae Antheraea pernyi Guer. Japan, (New York, from eggs) A. pernyi var. yamamai Guer. Japan A. mylitta Dru. India Attacus atlas Linn. Java A. betis Walk. Brazil A. hesperus Linn. (aurota Cram.). Rio de Janeiro Philosamia ‘cynthia - Dru. Long Island Samia (Platysamia) cecropia Linn. Albany, N. Y. SoC Piatysaia) gloveri Streck. Dayton, O. S. (Platysamia) columbia Smith. Orono, Me. S. rubra Behr. (Platysamia ceanothi Behr.). California Callosamia promethea Dru. Albany, 1 a C. angulifera Walk. Long Island Tropea (Actias) luna Linn. Atlantic States, Mississippi valley . Telea polyphemus Cram. Nee Saturnia pyri Schiff. Europe S. spini Schiff. Europe S. pavonia Linn. Russia S. rubrescens ? Chili Automeris (Hyperchiria) io Fubr. Orono, Me. Hemileuca maia Dru. Wisconsin H. nevadensis Stretch. (maia var. nevadensis Stretch). Nevada Aglia tau Linn. Saxony Pseudohazis eglanterina Boisd. Cali- fornia P. hera Harr. Utah Newark, eee —— REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 81 Ceratocampidae Anisota stigma Fabr. Centre, N. Y. A. senatoria Sm. & Abb. Centre, nv. Y : A. (Dryocampa) rubicunda Albany, N. Y. A. (Dryocampa) rubicunda var. alba Fabr. Citheronia regalis Fabr. New York C. (Basilona) cacicus Walk. Brazil Hyperchiria virescens Neum. Buenos Ayres H. corescens Neum. Basilona (Eacles) Buenos Ayres imperialis Dru. Grt. Douglas county, Kan. New York Adelocephala (Sphingicampa) bi- color Harr. Dayton, O. Syntomidae Syntomis phegea Linn. Europe L. pholus Dru. New York Dysauxes (Naclia) ancilla Linn. | Ctenucha venosa Walk.. Texas Europe C. cressonana Grt. Colorado Cosmcsoma (omphale Hiibn.) auge | C. brunnea Stretch. California Linn. Florida C. multifaria Walk. California Didasys belae Grt. Florida C. rubroscapus Mene. (walsinghami Lymire (Scepsis) edwardsi Grt. Hy. Edw.). California Florida C. rubroscapus Mene. var. ochro- Scepsis fulvicollis Hitbn. New York scapus Grt. & Rob. California S. wrightii Stretch. California -C. virginica Charp. New York, Lycomorpha (Anatolsnis) grotei Ontario = Pack. Colorado Dahana atripennis Grt. Florida Heterogynidae Heterogynis penella Hubn. Europe Zygaenidae Agyrta auxo Linn. Brazil Zygaena erythrus Hubn. Europe Z. purpuralis Brun. (pilosellae Esp.). Europe Z. purpuralis Europe . brizae Esp. Europe . scabiosae Esp. Europe . punctum Och. Europe cambysea Led. Europe armena Ev. Europe . achilleae Esp. Europe . cynarae Esp. Europe exulans Hoch. & Rein. . meliloti Esp. Europe . trifolii Esp. Europe . lonicerae Esp. Europe . filipendulae Linn. Europe . angelicae Och. Europe var. nubigena Led. Europe NNNNNNNNNNNNN Z. transalpina Esp. Eurcpe Z. filipendulae Linn. var. tutti ROI. (hippocrepides Hiibn.). Europe Z. ephialtes Linn. Europe Z. ephialtes var. coronillae Esp. Europe Z. ephialtes var. Europe . lavandulae Esp. Europe . . rhadamanthus Esp. Europe . manlia Led. Europe laeta Hubn. Europe algira Dup. Europe fausta Linn. Europe fausta var. jucunda Meis. Europe . carniolica Scop. Europe . occitanica Vill. Europe occitanica var. albicans Europe pencedani Esp. NNNNNNNNNN Stegr. 82 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Aglaope infausta Linn. Europe Ino ampelophaga Bayle. Europe I. pruni Schiff. Europe iY . chloros Hubn. Europe . tenuicornis Zett.. Europe . globulariae Hubn. Europe . budensis Spr. Europe SS Ss eS eS I. statices Linn. Europe I. geryon Hibn. Europe Euchromia sperchius Cram. West Africa Glaucopis pulchella Cram. Brazil G. senegalensis Walk. Senegal G. formosa Boisd. Madagascar Lithosiidae Crambidia pallida Pack. South Ab- ington, Mass. C. casta Sanborn (Lithosia candida Sanborn). Saranac Lake, N. Y. Hypoprepia miniata Kirby (fuscosa var. miniata Krb.). Hamilton, Ont. Clemensia albata Pack. WHamilton, Ont: Tllice (Cisthene) Texas I. (Byssophaga) nexa Boisd. Marino county, Cal. subjecta : Walk. Arctiidae Eubaphe laeta Guerin (Crocota| Paidia (Nudaria) murina Hiibn. treatii Grt.). Rockledge, Fla. Europe E. (Crocota) opella Grt. Rock- ledge, Fla. E. (Crocota) aurantiaca Hiibn. var. rubicundaria Hiibn. Rockledge, Fla. E. (Crocota) aurantiaca var. ferrugi- nosa Walk. Saranac Lake, N. Y. Pelosia muscerda Hufn. Pomerania Lithosia caniola Hiibn. Europe L. unita Hubn. Europe L. unita var. » arideola Pomerania L. sororcula Hufn. Europe L. lurideola Zinck. Europe L. complana Linn. Europe Oeonistis (Gnophria) quadra Linn. Europe Hering. Gnophria rubricollis Linn. Europe Comacla (Nudaria) senex Hiibn. Europe Cybosia (Setina) mesomella Liwnn. Europe Endrosa (Setina) irrorella Clem. Europe FE. (Setina) irrorella var. flavicans Boisd. Europe E. (Setina) roscida Esp. Europe Miltochrista rosacea Brem. (Cali- genia rosea Fabr.). Europe M. miniata Forst. (rosea see ‘China ; Nudaria mundana Linn. Europe ‘Deiopeia pulchella Linn. Europe Hipocrita (Euchelia) jaccbaeae Linn. Europe Coscinia . (Emydia) cribrum Linn. Europe C. (Emydia) cribrum var. punctigera Frr. Germany Utetheisa bella Linn. Albany, N. Y. U. ornatrix Linn. South America Haploa (Callimorpha) clymene Brown. Texas H. (Callimorpha interrup‘omarginata Pal. Beauv.) clymene Brown. At- lantic States, Kansas H. (Callimorpha) colona Hiibn. var. reversa Stretch. Douglas county, Kan. H. colona var. fulvicosta Clem. (Callimorpha lecontei Boisd. var. fulvicosta Clem.). Illinois H. (Callimorpha) lecontei Illinois H. (Callimorpha) lecontei var. con- finis Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. Botsd. “So REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9Q07 Haploa (Callimorpha) lecontei var. vestalia Pack. Douglas county, Kan. Callimorpha quadripunctaria Podua. (hera Linn.). Europe C. dominula Linn. Europe Axiopoena maura Eichwald. Russia Pericallia (Pleretes) matronula Linn. Europe Euerythra phasma Harvey. Texas Ecpantheria deflorata Fabr. (scribonia Stoll.). Florida Estigmene (Leucarctia) acraea Dru. Glenville, N. Y. E. (Spilosoma) congrua Walk. Brockport, N. Y. Hyphantria cunea Dru. Albany, INCY. H. textor Harr. Albany, N. Y. fsia (Pyrrharctia) isabella Sm. & Abb. Albany, N. Y. Spilosoma mendica Clem. Holland S. lubricipeda Linn. Europe S. menthastri Esp. Europe ‘S. urticae Esp. Europe Phragmatobia (Spilosoma) fuliginosa Linn. Europe P. fuliginosa Linn. (rubricosa Harr.). mibot, N.Y. Diacrisia (Spilosoma) virginica Fabr. Centre, N. Y. D. (Spilosoma) latipennis Stretch. Albany, N. Y. D. (Antarctia) vagans Boisd. D. sanio Linn. (Nemeophila russula Linn.). Europe Arctinia caesarea Goeze (Spilosoma luctifera Esp.). Europe Ocnogyna corsicum Rbr. (corsica). Europe Rhyparia (Arctia) purpurata _ Linn. Europe Hyphoraia (Platarctia) parthenos Harr. Adirondack mts, N. Y. Platyprepia (Epicallia) virginalis Boisd. California Apantesis (Arctia) virgo Linn. Hamilton, Ont. A. (Arctia) virguncula Kirby. Hamilton, Ont. 83 A. (Arctia) michabo Grt. Nebraska A. parthenice Kirby (Arctia) saun- dersii Grt. Adirondack mts, N. Y. A. oithona Streck. (Arctia rectilinea Fr.): Kansas A. (Arctia) ornata Pack. var. archaia Grt. & Rob. California A. CAreiia). ofnata var.) ochracea Stretch. California A. (Arctia) arge Dru. Albany, Nove A. proxiana Guer. (Arctia mexicana Grt. & Rob.). California to Utah A. (Arctia) nevadensis Grt. & Rob. var. incorrupta Hy. Edw. Arizona A. (Arctia) phyllira Dru. Mt Kisco, NY A. (Arctia) nais Dru. Fla. Parasemia (Nemeophila) plantaginis Linn.. Europe, Calabar Arctia (Euprepia) caia Sharon, N.Y: Arctia sp. Arizona A. flavia Fuessl. Europe A. villica Linn. Europe A. aulica Linn. Europe A. testudinaria Fourc. Lang.). Europe A. hebe Linn. Dalmatia A. casta Esp. Europe A. spectabilis Tausch. Europe Euprepia pudica Esp. Europe Ammalo tenera Hiibn. (Euchaetes collaris Fitch). Hamilton, Ont. Euchaetias (Euchaetes) egle Dru. Tiffin, O. E. (Euchaetes) oregonensis Stretch. Centre, N. Y. Eucareon sylvius Stoll. Halisidota tessellaris Sm. (tessellata Sm. & Abb.). county, N. Y. H. maculata Harr. Albany, N. Y. H. caryae Harr. Albany, N. Y. Euschausia argentata Pack. (Halisi- dota sobrina Stretch). California Hyalurga fenestra Linn. Brazil Rockledge, Linn. (maculania Brazil & Abb. Lewis 84 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Agaristidae Alypia ridingsii Grt. Nevada Agarista glycino Fabr. Australia A. octomaculata Fabr. New York A. picta Cram. Queensland Copidryas gloveri Grt. & Rob. | Ethema dichroa Hiibn. Bogota Texas Castnia phaleris Guen. Brazil Uranidae Urania fulgens Linn. Bogota U. sloanus Cram. Jamaica U. leilus Linn. Bogota U. rhipheus Cram. Madagascar ; Noctuidae Panthea (Audela) acronyctoides ; A. (Acronycta) clarescens Guen. Walk. Mt Kisco, N. Y. Centre, N.Y. Demas (Charadra) propinquilinea | A. (Acronycta) hamamelis Guen. Girt. Albany, NOY. Lewis county, N. Y. Charadra deridens Guen. Lewis} A. (Acronycta) superans Guen. county, IN. Y. Lewis county, N. Y. Rapiia tcater (Grr. entre an ve A. (Acronycta) lithospila Grt. R. coloradensis Cram. (abrupta Grt. Centre, N. Y. var.). Colorado A. tritona Hubn... Centre, Nae Demas coryli Linn. Europe A. (Acronycta) connecta Grit. New Apatela rubricoma Guen. Centre, York IN ¥: A. (Acronycta) funeralis Grt. A. (Acronycta) americana Harr. Centre, N. Y. Centre, N. Y. A. (Microcoelia) fragilis Guen. A. (Acronycta) hastulifera Sm. & Lewis county, N. Y. ve. “Centre, Nery. A. (Acronycta) paupercula Grt. A. (Acronycta) dactylina Grt. Lewis Texas | county, N. Y. A. (Acronycta) vinnula Grt. Al- A. (Acronycta) felina Grit. Saranac baiy,) Nove . Wake; N.Y: A. grisea Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. A. (Acronycta) leporina Linn. | A. (Acronycta) afflicta Grt. Europe A. (Acronycta) albarufa Grit. Cen- A. (Acronycta) lepusculina Guen. tre, Noe Colorado A. modica Walk.. (Acronycta exilis A. innotata Guen. Centre, N. Y. -Gri.). Kansas A. (Acronycta) betulae Riley, | A. (Acronycta) ovata Grt. New Washington, D. C. York A. morula Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. | A. brumosa Guen. Lewis county, A. interrupta Guen. (occidentalis Grt. New: & Rob.). Lewis county, N. Y. A. lobeliae Guen. Centre, N. Y. A. (Acronycta) furcifera Guen. Wisconsin A. (Acronycta) hasta Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. A. radcliffei Harv. Centre, N. Y. A. spinigera Guen. (Acronycta har- veyana Grt.). Wisconsin A. retardata Walk. (Acronycta dis- secta Grt. & Rob.). Hamilton, Ont. A. (Acronycta) sperata Gri. Centre, N. Y. A. (Acronycta) noctivaga Lewis county, N. Y. A. (Acronycta) xyliniformis Guen. Kansas; Centre, N. Y. Grt. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 85 Acronycta impleta Walk. (luteicoma Gre co sob-). Centre, N.Y. A. (Acronycta) oblinita Sm. & Abb. Albany, N. Y. Apharetra dentata Gyrt. county, N. Y. \ Acronycta aceris Linn. Europe . megacephala Fabr. Europe . tridens Schiff. Europe . rumicis Linn. Europe . psi Linn. Europe . menyanthidis View. Europe . auricoma Fabr. Europe . euphorbiae Fabr. Europe . abscondita Treit. Europe Craniophora (Acronycta) Fabr. Europe Oxycesta (Clidia) geographica Fabr. Europe Eogena contaminei Ever. Russia Simyra dentinosa Frr. Siberia Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. Al- bany, N. Y.; Cambridge, Mass. Harrisimemna trisignata Walk. Con- necticut Microcoelia dipteroides Guen. nectady, N. Y. M. dipteroides var. obliterata Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. Jaspidea celsia Linn. Berlin J. (Bryophila) lepidula Grit. Centre, MY. Lewis >> > > > > >> ligustri Sche- Bryophila algae Fabr. Europe B. muralis Forst. Hungary B. perla Fabr. Europe B. fraudatricula Hiubn. Europe B. raptricula Hubn. Europe Diphthera fallax Herr.-Schaef. Centre, N. Y. D. alpium Osbeck (Moma _ orion Esper.). Europe Trichosea (Diphtera) ludifica Linn. Europe Cyathisa percara Morr. Chytonix palliatricula Guen. Sharon, Ne ¥. Baileya (Leptina) ophthalmica Guen. Kansas B. (Leptina) Centre, N. Y. doubledayi Guen. _P. sutor Guen. B. (Leptina) dormitans Guen. Kit- tery Point, Me. Hadenella (Parastichtis) minuscula Morr. Lewis county, N. Y. Acopa perpallida Grt. Kansas Catabena lineolata Walk. (Adiso- phanes miscellus Grt.). Albany, Nec. Crambodes talidiformis Guen. At- lantic States, Kansas Platysenta videns Guen. (atriciliata Gri)" bexas Balsa (Nolophana) malana Fitch, Hamilton, Ont. B. tristrigella Walk. (Nolophana zel- leri Gri.). Centre, N. Y. Caradrina meralis Morr. States, Colorado C. multifera Walk. Nye C. sp. Colorado Atlantic Lewis county, C. miranda Grt. Albany, N. Y. C. derosa Morr. Centre, N. Y. C. exigua Hiibn. Russia C. quadripunctata Fabr. (cubicularis Bkh.). Europe . selina Boisd. France . kadenii Frr. Europe . respersa Hubn. Europe . alsines Brahm. Europe . ambigua Fabr. Europe . pulmonaris Esp. Europe lenta Treit. Europe Perigea xanthioides Guen. Tiffin, O. P. vecors Guen. (luxa Grt.). Tif- finite @): P. epopea Cram. Savannah, Ga. Ciera oroi ale (infelix Guen.). (fabrefacta Morr.). Newton, Mass. Pealbolabes” Gri -Arizona;. -Las Vegas, N. M. Oligia chalcedonia Hiibn. (arna Guen.). Centre, N. Y.; Lewis county, N. Y. O. versicolor Grt. Lewis county, NY. ©. fuscimacula Grt. Rockledge, Fla. O. (Caradrina) grata Hiibn. Doug- ias county, Karn. 86 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Hillia crassis Herr.-Schaef. (sene- scens Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. H. algens Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. Hadena claudens Walk. (hillii Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. . binotata Waik. Washington . indirecta Gri. Washington . modica Guen. Centre, N. Y. . genetrix Grt. Colorado . mactata Guen. Albany, N. Y. . turbulenta Hiibn. Savannah, Ga. _ sp. “California . miseloides Guen. . semicana Walk. Grt. Centre, N. Y. H. semicana Walk. Morr.). Centre, N. Y. H. basilinea Fabr. Europe Texas var. fractilinea Gott t eee (vulgivaga H. (Luceria) passer Guen. Lewis county, N.Y. H. (Luceria) burgessi Morr. Ne- braska H. longula Grt. Colorado H. remissa Hiibn. Lewis county, NG H. suffusca Morr. Wisconsin H. vultuosa Grt. Wisconsin H. apamiformis Guen. Albany, N. Y. H. finitima Guen. Albany, N. Y. H. dubitans Walk. (sputatrix Grt.) (lateritia Grt. & Rob.). Lewis county, IN, YY. H. ducta Grt. Saranac Lake, N. Y. H. impulsa Guen. Lewis county, Neo W H. devastatrix Brace. Lewis county, INK EAS: H. exulis Lefb. Labrador H. pluviosa Walk. (castania Grt.). Washington H. perpensa Grt. Hot Springs H. verbascoides Guen. Lewis county, N.Y. H. cariosa Guen. Douglas county, Kan. H. vulgaris Grt. & Rob. Albany, WN: Y. H. auranticolor Grt. Colorado H. lignicolor Guen. Lewis county, ‘a bape . inordinata Morr. Maine . semilunata Grt. Colorado . arctica Boisd. Centre, N. Y. porphyrea Esp. Europe solieri Boisd. Russia adusta Esp. Europe ochroleuca Esp. Europe furva Hubn. Russia . sordida Bkh. Europe . leucodon Ever. Siberia . monoglypha Hufn. Europe . (Luperina) ferrago Ever. mts sapieciisspscfiecHiasfiacpiacpiscpacire|)ss Ural H. lithoxylea Fabr. Europe H. rurea Fabr. Europe H. unanimis Treit. Europe H. secalis Linn. (didyma Esp.). Europe Miana (Hadena) strigilis Clerck. Europe M. (Hadena) strigilis var. latruncula Hiubn. Europe Oxytripia orbiculosa Esp. Hungary Celaena (Luperina) haworthii Curt. Europe C. (Luperina) matura Hufn. Europe Luceria (Luperina) virens. Linn. Europe Calophasia casta Bkh. Europe C. lunula Hufn. Europe Cleophana antirrhinii Hubn. Europe Scotochrosta pulla Hiubn. Europe Xylocampa areola Esp. Europe Lithocampa ramosa Esp. Europe Macronoctua onusta Grt. Orono, Me. Polia theodori Gri. Colorado P. contacta Walk. Lewis county, Neieye P. acutissima Grt. Oldtown, Me. . serpentina Treit. Europe . polymita Linn. Europe . rufocincta Hubn. Europe . xanthomista Hibn. Europe . xanthomista var. nigrocincta Treit. Europe P. chi Linn. Europe Brachionycha (Asteroscopus) nube- culosa Esp. Europe B. (Asteroscopus) sphinx Europe rod *d ud Hufn, REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 87 Miselia oxyacanthae Linn. Europe Chariptera viridana Walch. Europe Dichonia aprilina Linn. Europe D. aeruginea Hubn. Europe D. convergens Fabr. Europe Dryobota illocata Walk. (stigmata Gr). Centre,-N. Y.-' D. furva Esp. Europe D. roboris Boisd. Europe D. saportae Dup. Europe D. monochroma Esp. var. Boisd. Europe D. protea Bkh. Europe Rhizogramma detersa Esp. Europe Hyppa xylinoides Guen. Centre, he ve Adirondack mts,.N.. Y. H. rectilinea Esp. Europe Feralia jocosa Guen. suberis Momorphana comstocki Grit. Centre, N. Y. Diloba caeruleocephala Linn. Europe Valeria jaspidea Vill. Europe V. oleagina Fabr. Europe Euplexia lucipara. Linn. Centre, iN” Y.— Lewis county, N. Y. Dipterygia scabriuscula Linn. Centre, NM: Y:: Schenectady, N. Y- D. scabriuscula var. spadica ? Europe Rusina umbratica Goeze (tenebrosa Hibn.). Europe Pyrophila glabella Morr. New Mexico P. (Amphipyra) pyramidoides Guen.. Lewis county, N. Y. P. (Amphipyra) tragopoginis Linn. Europe; Lewis county, N. Y. Amphipyra tetra Fabr. Europe A. livida Fabr. Europe - A. pyramidea Zinn. Europe Helotropha leucostigma Hiibn. Europe ; H. leucostigma var. fibrosa Hiibn. Europe H. reniformis Grt. Ney: Lewis county, -Prodenia commelinae Sm. & Abb. Jamaica, America P. ornithogalli Guen. (lineatella Harv.). Tiffin, O. P. ornithogalli Guen. var. eudiopta Guen. (flavimedia Harv.). Kansas Laphygma frugiperda Sm. & Abb. Wisconsin L. frugiperda var. -Centre, N. Y. Magusa dissidens Feld. (Stichtoptera divaricata Grt.). Texas Pseudanarta flava Grt. Colorado P. flavidens Grt. Colorado Homohadena badistriga Grt. ilton, Ont. H. infixa Walk. (kappa Lewis county, N. Y. Hi: anduta, Harv. Texas Oncocnemis chandleri Grt. Colorado O. riparia Morr. Long Island O. (Homohadena) atrifasciata Morr. Lewis county, N. Y. O. glennyi Grit. Colorado O. confusa Frr. Russia Episema scoriacea Esp. Europe Ulochlaena hirta Hiibn. Russia Aporophyla australis Boisd. matia A. nigra Hew. Adita chionanthi Sm. & Abb. Lewis . county, N. Y. Copipanolis cubilis Grt. Texas Eutolype rolandi Grt. Texas Psaphidia resumens Walk. (Dicopis muralis Grt.). Newtonville, N. Y. obscura Riley. Ham- Grt.). Dal- Rhynchagrotis gilvipennis Grt. (Agrotis chardinyi Boisd.). Lewis county, N. Y. R. (Agrotis) rufipectus Morr. Sara- nace Lake N.Y. R. (Agrotis) brunneicollis Grt. South Abington, Mass. R. (Agrotis) minimalis Grt. rado R. anchocelioides Guen. (Agrotis cupida® Gri.)." Centre; N: Y- R. anchocelioides var. brunneipennis Colo- Grt. (Agrotis cupida Grt.). Centre, Nie: R. (Agrotis) placida Grit. Lewis county, N. Y. R. (Agrotis) variata Grt. Colorado 88 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Rhynchagrotis (Agrotis) alternata Gris Cenire: No Y¥, R. (Agrotis) cupidissima Grt. New Mexico R. (Agrotis) mirabilis Grt. Colorado Adelphagrotis indeterminata Walk. (Agrotis innotabilis Grt.). . Wash- ington A. (Eurois) prasina Fabr. Centre, Ne. Platagrotis (Agrotis) speciosa Hiibn. Labrador PY CE urois) cpressa Grr, . Centre INA: P. condita Guen. (Agrotis trobalis Gri). Centre, Nv Y: P. (Agrotis) imperita Hibn. Labra- dor Eueretagrotis (Agrotis) sigmoides Guen. Centre, N. Y. E. (Agrotis) perattenta Grt. Lewis county, N.Y: E. (Agrotis) attenta Grt. Lewis county, IN. Y. Semiophora elimata Grt. (Agrotis dilucidula Morr.). Centre, N. Y. S. (Agrotis) elimata var. badicollis Gre Centre, IN v4 S. (Agrotis) elimata var. janualis Grt. Centre, N. Y. S. (Agrotis) opacifrons Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. S. tenebrifera Walk. (Agrotis cath- erina Grt.). New Hampshire Pachnobia carnea Thunb. Labrador P. salicarum Walk. Saranac Lake, Ne Ye P. rubricosa Fabr. Europe P. leucographa Hiubn. Europe Setagrotis (Agrotis) vernilis Colorado Agrotis badinodis Point, Me. A. ypsilon Rott. Centre, N. Y. A. geniculata Gri. & Rob. Centre, NY. A. polygona Fabr. A. signum Fabr. A. subrosea Stph. Stegr. Pomerania Grt. Grt. Kittery Europe Europe var. subcaerulia . janthina Esp. Europe . linogrisea Schiff. Europe fimbria Linn. Europe . interjecta Hubn. Europe augur Fabr. Europe obscura Brahm. (ravida Brahm.). Europe . pronuba Linn. . orbona Hufn. Europe comes Hiibn. Europe triangulum Hufn. Europe baja Fabr. Europe candelarum Stegr. Europe c-nigrum Linn. Pomerania ditrapezium Bkh. Europe stigmatica Hubn. Europe . xanthographa Fabr. Europe rubi View. Europe florida Schmidt. Europe . brunnea Fabr. Europe primulae Esp. (festiva Hiibn.). Europe depuncta Linn. Russia margaritacea Vill. Switzerland . anachoreta Herr.-Schaef. Russia ocellina Hubn. Europe plecta Linn. Europe simulans Hufn. Europe lucipeta Fabr. Europe helvetina Boisd. Europe simplonia Hubn. Europe latens Hubn. Europe . fimbriola Esp. Europe forcipula Hubn. Europe puta Hubn. Europe putris Linn. Europe exclamationis Linn. Europe nigricans Linn. Europe tritici Linn. Europe tritici var. aquilina Hiibn. Europe vitta Hitbn. Europe . christophi Stegr. Russia obelisca Hiibn. Europe . corticea Hiibn. Europe ypsilon Rott. Europe . segetum Schiff. Europe trux Hibn. Europe . conspicua Hiibn. Russia . vestigialis Rott. Europe . praecox Linn. Europe Europe PPP PEEP PEEP PEED P PDE PEEP DEEP ED PODS PEPE EE DEED D> >> DD ~ REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 89 A. prasina Fabr. Europe Peridroma (Agrotis) occulta Linn. Europe P. (Eurois) astricta Morr. county, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) margaritosa Haw. var. saucia Hibn. Centre, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) incivis Guen. Atlantic States, California P. (Agrotis) rudens Harv. Texas P. (Agrotis) simplaria Morr. Texas P. digna Morr. (Agrotis nigrovittata Grt.). Texas Noctua smithii Snell. (Agrotis baja Lewis Fabr.). Centre, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) normaniana Grt. Centre, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) bicarnea Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. -N. (Agrotis) conchis Grt. New Mexico N. (Agrotis) c-nigrum Linn. Centre, Ne: ¥; N. (Agrotis) hospitalis Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. N. jucunda Walk. (Agrotis percon- flua Grt.). Centre, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) phyllophora Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) rubifera Grt. Centre, IN ¥. N. oblata Morr. (Agrotis hilliana Harv)... Lewis county; N. Y: N. (Agrotis) rava Herr.-Schaef. Labrador N. (Agrotis) fennica Tausch. Lewis county, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) plecta Linn. Albany, Ns. N. (Agrotis) collaris Grt. & Rob. Lewis county, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) haruspica Grt. ‘Lewis county, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) sierrae Harv. Colo- rado N. (Agrotis) clandestina MHarr. Lewis county, N. Y. N. (Agrotis) pyrophiloides. Harv. California _P. (Agrotis) ridingsiana Grt. Noctua (Agrotis) lubricans Guen. Oldtown, Me. N. (Agrotis) lubricans var. beata Grt. New Mexico Chorizagrotis (Agrotis) auxiliaris Grt. Kansas Feltia (Agrotis) subgothica Haw. Centre, N. Y. F. jaculifera Guen. (Agrotis tricosa Emi.) Aewis county, N: Y. F. (Agrotis) jaculifera var. herilis Grt. Albany, N. Y. F. (Agrotis) circumdata Grt. New Mexico F. (Agrotis) gladiaria Morr. Kit- tery Point, Me. F. (Agrotis) venerabilis Walk. New Berlin, N. Y. F. (Agrotis) aeneipennis Grt. Cali- fornia F. (Agrotis) volubilis Harv. Centre, Nae: F. (Agrotis) annexa Treit. nah, Ga. F. (Agrotis) malefida Guen. Florida Porosagrotis vetusta Walk. (Agrotis Savan- muraenula Grt. & Rob.). Centre, NEY. P. (Agrotis) mimallonis Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) fusca Boisd. Labrador P. (Agrotis) rileyana Morr. Iowa P. (Agrotis) orthogonia Morr. Colorado Paragrotis (Agrotis) recula Harv. Oregon P. (Agrotis) quadridentata Grt. & Rob. Colorado P. (Agrotis) olivalis Grt. Colorado Colo- rado P. (Agrotis) flavidens (Sm.). New Mexico : P. (Agrotis) brocha Morr. Colorado P. (Agrotis) perpolita Mcrr. Centre, N.Y. P. (Agrotis) fumalis Grt. Colorado P. punctigera Walk. (Agrotis pastor- alis Grt.). Colorado gO NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Paragrotis (Agrotis) velleripennis Grt. Nebraska P. (Agrotis) gagates Grt. Colorado P. (Agrotis) scandens Riley. Lewis county, N. Y. P. detersa Walk. (Agrotis pity- chrous Grt.). Evans Center, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) bostoniensis Grt. Centre, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) caenis Grt. Colorado P. (Agrotis) medialis Sm. Centre, We oY: P. (Agrotis) feniseca Harv. Cali- fornia P. (Agrotis) messoria Harr. Sche- nectady, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) friabilis Grt. Lewis county NY: P. (Agrotis) munis Grt. Colorado P. (Agrotis) sp. California P. vetusta Walk. (Agrotis euroides” Grt.). Vancouver Island P. infausta Walk. (Agrotis rufula Sm.) P. insulsa Walk. (Agrotis campestris Grt.) sp P. (Agrotis) albipennis Grt. Centre, NEN: P. (Agrotis) tessellata Harr. county, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) basalis Grit. Colorado P. (Agrotis gularis Grt.) ochrogaster Lewis Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) obeliscoides Guen. Centre, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) perexcellens Grt. Van- couver Island P. divergens Walk. (Agrotis versi- pellis Grt!). “Saranac vcake iN Y. P. (Agrotis) — redimicula Morr. Lewis county, N. Y. P. (Agrotis) atrifera Grt. Lewis county, IN. Y. Richia (Ammoconia) chortalis Harv. Colorado R. (Ammoconia) chortalis var. atra- trix Harv. Colorado R. (Ammoconia) parentalis New Mexico Grt. R. (Ammoconia) parentalis var. de- -cipiens Grt. Colorado Ammoconia caecimacula Fabr. rope . Anytus privatus Walk. (sculptus Grt.). Center, N. Y. A. privatus (sculptus) var. planus Gri. Lewis county, N.c vee Eu- Ufeus plicatus Grt. California Mamestra discalis Grt. (purpuris- sata Grt.). Colorado M. nimbosa Guen. Lewis county, INS Xe M. imbrifera Guen. Lewis county, INV ee M. purpurissata Grt. Lewis county, Ni: M. meditata Grt. Centre, N. Y. M. lustralis Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. M. detracta Walk. Centre, N. Y. M. atlantica Grt. Cambridge, Mass. M. radix Walk. (dimmocki Grt.). Centre; N.Y: M. subjuncta Grt. & Rob. Noor M. grandis Boisd. Centre, N. Y. Centre, M. trifolii Rott. Albany, N. Y. M. trifolii Rott. (albifusa Walk.). Europe M. trifolii Rott. (chenopodii Fabr.). Europe - M. rosea Harv. Centre, N. Y. M. congermana Morr. Centre, N. Y. M. picta Harr. Washington, Bae M. cristifera Walk. (lubens Grt.). Centre, N. Y. M. assimilis Morr. ING SY% M. assimilis var. Grt. Lewis county, Centre, N. Y. M. adjuncta Boisd. Tiffin, O. M. legitima Grit. Lewis’ county, Ne Ye M. lilacina Harv. Lewis county, Nic eek M. goodellii Grt. Lewis county, Nee M. renigera Steph. Lewis county, NeW M. stricta Walk. var. cinnabarina Grt. Washington REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 OI Mamestra olivacea Morr. Lewis county, N. Y. M. quadrilineata Grt. M. laudabilis Guen. DC. . albogutta Grt. California . cuneata Grt. California . lorea Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. »wicina. Gri. Centre, N.Y. leucophaea View. Europe . advena Fabr. Europe tincta Brahm. Europe nebulosa Hufn. . Europe brassicae Linn. Europe persicariae Linn. Europe oleracea Linn. Europe . genistae Bkh. Europe dissimilis Knoch. Europe thalassina Rott. Europe . contigua Vill. Europe pisi Linn. Europe leinert Frr. — var. Schulz. Europe . dentina Esp. Europe marmorosa Bkh. Europe . reticulata Vill. Europe . chrysozona Bkh. Europe . serena Fabr. Europe . cappa Hibn. Europe 'Charaeas graminis Linn. Europe Epineuronia (Neuronia) popularis Fabr. Europe’. E. (Neuronia) cespitis Fabr. Europe Dianthoecia albimacula Bkh. Eu- rope . nana Rott. Europe . compta Fabr. Europe . capsincola Hiibn. Europe . cucubali Fuessl. Europe . carpophaga Bkh. Europe . carpophaga var. capsophila Dup. Europe D. irregularis Hufn. Europe Dargida (Eupsephopaectes) procinc- tus Grt. California Morrisonia (Hadena) sectilis Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. M. sectilis Guen. var. vomerina Grt. Centre, N. Y. California Washington, pomerana ag de eT et be A a t= Sideere wile) M. (Mamestra) mucens Hiibn. Sa- vannah, Ga. M. (Mamestra) confusa Hiubn. Cambridge, Mass. Xylomiges rubrica Harv. California X. patalis Grt. Vancouver Island X. tabulata Grt. Lewis county, N.Y. X. conspicillaris Linn. Europe Scotogramma umbrosa Smith. rado Ulolonche (Taeniccampa) Morr. Centre, N. Y. U. (Orthosia) disticha Morr. Texas Anarta melanopa Thunb. Labrador A. richardsoni Curt. Labrador A. myrtilli Linn. Europe A. melaleuca Thunb. Europe Colo- modesta Nephelodes minians Guen. Lewis (> scountys N.Y: N. minians var. violans Guen. Lewis county, Noy: Heliophila (Leucania) | unipuncta Haws Centre. "N: Y¥. H. (Leucania) pseudargyria Guen. Centre, N. Y. H. luteopallens Smith (Leucania pal- lens Guen.). Centre, N. Y. H. rubripennis Grt. & Rob. Texas H. (Leucania) albilinea Hiibn. Al- bamyee Neo Y. Ho lgata Gri. Florida H. insueta Guen. (Leucania adonea Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. H. multilinea Walk. (Leucania lapidaria Gri.). Centre, N.. Y. H. (Leucania) commoides Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. H. (Leucania) phragmitidicola Guen. Centre, N. ¥. Meliana flammea Curt. Russia Sesamia cretica Led. Europe Leucania impudens Hiibn. Silesia . impvtra Hiibn. Europe . pallens Linn. Europe . obsoleta Hitbn. Europe . comma Linn. Europe . Lalbum Linn. Europe . vitellina Hitbn. Dalmatia . conigera Fabr. Europe eae theistic g2 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Leucania albipuncta Fabr. France L. lythargyria Esp. Europe L. turca Linn. Europe Mythimna imbecilla Fabr. Europe Grammesia trigrammica Hufn. Europe Zosteropoda hirtipes Grt. California Trichorthosia parallela Grt. New Mexico Orthodes crenulata Butler. Lewis county, N. Y. O. cynica Guen. Colorado; Centre, ING Ys O: cynica var. Grt. Centre, N. Y. O. (Taeniocampa) puerilis Grt. Cal- ifornia O. (Taeniocampa) agrotiformis Grt. New Mexico Himella contrahens Walk. (Taenio- campa thecata Morr.). Saranac lake, No-Y. Perigrapha cincta Fabr. Europe Taeniocampa gothica Linn. Europe T. miniosa Fabr. Europe T. pulverulenta Esp. (cruda Treit.). Europe . populeti Treit. Europe . Stabilis View. Europe . incerta Hufn. Europe . opima Hiibn. Europe . gracilis Fabr. Europe . munda Esp. Europe Panclis griseovariegata Goeze (pini- perda Panz.). Europe Crocigrapha normani Grt. NeoY:. Graphiphora (Taeniocampa) rufula Grt. California G. (Taeniocampa) oviducta Guen. Centre, N. Y. G. (Mamestra) vindemialis Guen. Centre, N. Y. G. (Taeniocampa) alia Guen. Tif- fin, O. G. (Taeniocampa) subterminata Sm. South Abington, Mass. G. (Agrotis) planalis Grit. New Mexico Dyschorista fissipuncta Hew. Europe inp Wee Wa fat | ee lr Centre, Plastenis retusa Linn. Europe Cirrhoedia ambusta Fabr. Europe C. xerampelina Hiibn. England Tricholita signata Walk. (semiaperta Morr.). Kittery Point, Me. . Xylina disposita Morr. Centre, N. Y. . petulea Grt. Centre; Noyes . hemina Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. . antennata Walk. Centre, N. Y. : laticinerea Grt. Centre, N. Y. . grotei Riley (cinerosa Grt.). Centre, N. Y. “ X. ferrealis Grit. Lewis county, N. Y. X. signosa Walk. Centre, N. Y. X. bethunei Grt. Lewis county; Centre, NY. semiusta Grt. Centre, N. Y. fagina Morr. Centre, N. Y. georgii Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. unimoda Lint. Centre, N. Y. tepida Gr. Centre, Neae baileyi Grt. New York querquera Grit. Centre, N. Y. lepida Pant. Centre Nee a . thaxteri Grif. “(cambda > 7Griae Centre, N. Y. ? . pexata Gri. Centre, N. Y. capax Grit. & Rob. ‘Centre, We semibrunnea Hew. Clarente, France X. socia Roti. Europe X. furcifera Hufn. Europe X. ingrica Herr.-Schaef. Norway X. ornitopus Rott. Eurcpe Litholomia napaea Morr. Orono, Me. Calocampa nupera Lint. Centre, INS Ya C. thoracica Lake, Nov . cineritia Grt. Saranac Lake, N. Y. . curvimacula Morr. Centre, N. Y. . vetusta Hiibn. Europe . exoleta Linn. Europe . solidaginis Hiibn. Europe Cucullia convexipennis Grt. & Rob. Lewis county, N. Y. C. montanae Grt. Colorado C. postera Guen. Adirondack mts, ae C. asteroides Guen. Albany, N. Y. PS PS PS OP Put.-Cram. Saranac ete egen@' <= EE ——————— —=—— ee REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 93 Albany, N. Y. Lewis county, Cucullia speyeri Lint. C. intermedia Spey. Ne Y: . serraticornis Lint. Colorado . verbasci Linn. Holland scrophulariae Capieux. Holland lychnitis Rambur. Europe thapsiphaga Treit. Europe . blattariae Esp. Europe asteris Schiff. Europe lactea Fabr. Russia balsamitae Boisd. Russia tanaceti Schiff. Clarente, France umbratica Linn. Europe lucifuga Hubn. Europe . lactucae Esp. Europe chamomillae Schiff. Europe fraudatrix Ev. Europe . scopariae Dorf. Europe . artemisiae Hufn. Europe . absinthii Linn. Europe . argentea Hufn. Europe . argentina Fabr. Europe Eutelia (Eurphipia) adulatrix Hiibn. Europe Bellura gortynides Walk. (Arzama densa Walk.). Hamilton, Ont. Sole Gal gl olor NolSOeH Genel ohiaicke B. (Arzama) diffusa Grt. Hamilton, Ont. Nonagria subflava Grt. Kittery ' Point, Me. N. cannae Och. Europe N. sparganii Esp. Europe N. typhae Thunb. ose Fabr.). Hungary N. geminipuncta Hatch. Europe Ommatostola lintneri Grt. Centre, Ingen & Achatodes zeae Harr. Lewis county, ING: Hydroecia micacea Esp. Europe Apamea testacea Hiibn. Europe _Gortyna velata Walk. (Apamea sera Grt. & Rob.). Lewis county, N. Y. G. (Apamea) nictitans Bkh. Lewis county, N.Y. G. (Apamea) immanis Guen. Centre, pe it / G. ochracea Hibn. Thurineey Papaipema (Gortyna) purpurifascia Grt. & Rob. Centre, N. Y. P. (Gortyna) nitela Guen. Beverly, Mass. P. (Gortyna) nitela var. nebris Guen. South Abington, Mass. P. (Gortyna) cataphracta Grt. . Hamilton, Ont. P. (Gortyna) impecuniosa Grt. Centre, N. Y. P. (Gortyna) rutila Guen. Mt Kisco, NEONG Pyrrhia (Chariclea)’ umbra Hufn. Russia P. umbra var. exprimens Walk. Centre, N. Y.; Lewis county, N. Y. Chariclea delphinii Linn. Russia Xanthia flavago Fabr. (lutea Strom.). Centre, N. Y.; Germany X. citrago Linn. Europe X. sulphurago Fabr. Europe X. aurago Fabr. Germany X. fulvago Linn. Europe X. gilvago Esp. Europe X. ocellaris Bkh. France Hoporina croceago Fabr. Europe Jodia rufago Hiubn. Washington, WMG, Brotolomia iris Guen. Centre, N. Y. Trigonophora periculosa Guen. Centre, N. Y. . T. periculosa var. v-brunneum Grt. Centre, N. Y. T. flammea Esp. Europe Conservula anodonta Guen. Cam- bridge, Mass. Eucirroedia pampina Guen. Centre, NAY: Scoliopteryx libatrix Linn. Lewis county, N. Y.; Europe Tapinostola elymi Treit. Europe Fagitana littera Guen. (Pseudolima- codes niveicostatus Grt.). Centre, NeSY.. Cosmia paleacea Esp. (infumata Grin Centre, N: ¥.2 Europe C. abluta Hubn. Europe Orthosia purpurea Grt. (crispa Hara.). “Dallas, Or. O. ralla Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. 94 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Orthosia bicolorago Guen. (var. fer- ruginoides Guen.). Centre, N. Y. ©. evuroa Grt: & Rob. Centre, N.Y: O. conradi Grt. Colorado O. helva Grit. Centre, N. Y. O. lutosa Andrews. . Schenectady, NES . ruticilla Esp. Holland . lota Clerc. Hungary . macilenta Hubn. Europe . circellaris Hufn. Europe . ferrugineoides Guen. Europe . helvola Linn. (rufina Linn.). Europe O. pistacina Fabr. France O. nitida Fabr. Europe O. laevis Hiuibn. Europe O. litura Linn. Europe Parastichtis discivaria Walk. (gentilis Grt.). Centre, N. Y. P. discivaria var. perbellis Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. Scopelosoma indirecta Walk. (graefi- ania Gre). Cormng, Ne Ys . moffatiana Grt. Hamilton, Ont. . pettiti Grt. Hamilton, Ont. . ceromatica Grt. Hamilton, Ont. atrstiomata Gri. Centre, Ny Ys ~ walker Grt.- Corning, N.2Y. . sidus Guen,. (vinulenta Grt.). Hamilton, Ont. S. morrisoni Grt. Hamilton, Ont. S. devia Grt. Hamilton, Ont. S. satellitia Linn. Europe Orrhodia fragariae Esp. Europe . erythrocephala Fabr. Europe . veronicae Hibn. Europe . vau punctatum Esp. Thuringia . vaccinii Linn. Europe . ligula Esp. Europe 3 . rubiginea Fabr. ‘Europe Glaea (Epiglaea) sericea Centre, N. ‘Y. Epiglaea pastillicans Morr. 1 ioc E. tremula Harv. Texas E. apiata Grt. Centre, N. Y. E. decliva Grt. Centre, N. Y. Homoglaea hircina Morr. Centre, IN; Y. @ G°O1e187S NANnNNNN Cpere@Kner@Re) Morr. Centre, H. carnosa Grt. Centre, N. Y. Calymnia orina Guen. Hamilton, Ont. C. pyralina View. C. affinis Linn. C. diffinis Linn. Europe C. trapezina Grt. Europe Zotheca tranquilla Grt. California Ipimorpha pleonectusa Grt. Hamil- ton, Ont: Mesogona oxalina Hiibn. M. acetosellae Fabr. Dicycla 00 Linn. Dalmatia Grotella dis Gri. Las Vegas, N. M. Nycterophaeta (Cucullia) luna Morr. Colorado Europe Europe Eurspe Europe Copablepharon album Harv. Colo- rado C. absidum Harv. Colorado Heliothis armiger Hibn. Tiffin, O. H. phlogophagus Grt. & Rob. Utah, California . cognata Prr. Europe . cardui Hitbn. Europe . purpurascens Jausch. . dipsacea Linn. Europe . scutosa Schiff. Europe . peltigera Schiff. Russia . armigera Hiibn. Dalmatia . incarnata Pre. ~ Russia Mycteroplus puniceago Boisd. Russia Rhodophora (Alaria) gaurae Sm. & Abb. Texas R. florida Guen. Texas R. (Oxylos) citrinellus Grt. & Rob. Texas Porrima (Heliothis) Kansas Eupanychis (Heliothis) Guen. ? Atlantic States Schinia (Tricopis) chrysellus Grt. Texas Russia anggananeciyeegengenger regia Streck. spinosae S. unimacula Sm. Colorado S. acutilinea Grt. (Lygranthoecia separata Grt.). Colorado S. (Lygranthoecia) Guen. Centre, N. Y. > S. (Tamila) tertia Grt. Texas S. (Lygranthoecia) jaguarina Guen. Nebraska lynx REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 95 Schinia arcifera Guen. (Lygran- thoecia spraguei Grt.). Brooklyn, N.Y. S. packardii Grt. (Anthoecia nobilis Grt.). Colorado S. (Lygranthoecia) thoreaui Grt. & Rob. ? Southern States S. marginata Haw. (Lygranthoecia rivulosa Guen.). Mt Kisco, N. Y. S. (Lygranthoecia) brevis Grt. Al- bany, IN. Y. Dasyspoudaea (Heliothis) Morr. Nebraska D. (Tamila) meadii Grit. Colorado Pseudotamila (Tamila) vanella Grt. Nevada Melicleptria (Adonisea) pulchripen- lucens nis Grt. Southern California M. villosa Grt. New Mexico M. villosa var. persimilis Grt. Cali- fornia Heliolonche modicella Gri. Cali- fornia , Heliodes rupicola Hibn. Hungary Omia cymbalariae Hiibn. Russia Xanthodes graellsii Feist. Catalonia Xanthothrix ranunculi Hy. Edw. California Axenus arvalis Grt. California Heliaca (Melicleptria) diminutiva Gri. California H. tenebrata Scop. Europe. Psychomorpha epimenis Dru. Kan- sas Euthisanotia (Eudryas) unio Hibn. Ohio E. (Eudryas) grata Fabr. New York E. timais Hiibn. Jamaica Noropsis (Euglyphia) hieroglyphica Cramer. Jamaica Cirrhophanus (Chariclea) triangulifer Grt. Tiffin, O. Basilodes pepita Guen. Texas B. chrysopis Grt. New Mexico ‘Stiria rugifrons Grt. Colorado Stibadium spumosum Grf. Kansas Plagiomimicus pityochromus’ Grt. Colorado Plusiodonta compressipalpis Guen. Texas Calpe canadensis Beth. Centre, N.Y. C. capucina Esp. Schwerin Panchrysia © (Deva) purpurigera Walk. Orono, Me. Polychrysia (Plusia) formosa Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. Plusia aerea Hiibn. Centre, N. Y. . aeroides Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. . balluca Geyer. Orono, Me. c-aureum Knoch. Europe . deaurata Esp. Europe . moneta Fabr. Europe . cheiranti Tausch. Europe . variabilis Piller (illustris Fabr.). Europe . modesta Hiibn. consona Fabr. Europe . chrysitis Fabr. Europe . chryson Esp. Europe . bractea Fabr. Schwerin festucae Linn. Europe pulchrina Hew. Europe jota Linn. Europe gamma Linn. Europe circumflexa Linn. Russia daubei Boisd. Europe . ni Hiibn. Russia . interrogationis Linn. Europe . hochenwarthi Hoch. Europe . devergens Hiibn. Europe Euchaletas (Pinsia) contexta Gri: Albany, N. Y. E. (Plusia) festuca Linn. var. put- nami Grit. Lewis county, N. Y. E. venusta Walk. (Plusia -striatella Gri.). Orono, Me. Eosphoropteryx (j/Plusia) thyatiroides Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. Autographa (Plusia) mappa Grt. & ‘Rob. Adirondack mts, N. Y. A. (Plusia) bimaculata Steph. Orono, Me. Aca MacMgchlaoMaolas) Hungary acMacMacMacMacMacMacMacMiasMasMachlachias Masia A. (Plusia) biloba Steph. New Hampshire A. (Plusia) verruca Fabr. Savan- nah, Ga: A. rogationis Guen. (Plusia dyaus Grt.). Indian river, Fla. A. (Plusia) precationis Guen. Al- bany, N. Y. g6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Autographa (Plusia) gamma Linn. var. californica Speyer. California A. (Plusia) ou Guen. Texas A. brassicae Riley (Plusia ni Hiibn.). Centre, N. Y. A. (Plusia) octoscripta Grt. county, N. Y. A. rectangula Kirby (Plusia mortu- orum Guen.). Lewis county, N. Y. A. (Plusia) u-aureum Guen. Adi- rondack mts, N. Y. A. selecta Walk. (Plusia viridisignata Lewis Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. A. (Plusia) epigaea Grt. Lewis County VIN ven =) 7 A. (Plusia) ampla Walk. Adiron- daca mits, IN; -Y: A. (Plusia) falcigera Kirby var. simplex Guen. Centre, N. Y. A. (Plusia) pasiphaeia Grit. Rock- ledge, Fla. A. (Plusia) sackeni Grt. Santa Fé Canyon, N. M. Syngrapha (Plusia) hochenwarthi Hoch. Colorado Abrostola urentis Guen. ‘Tiffin, O. A. triplasia Linn. Europe Ay oC Plusia) asclepiadis Schiff. Europe A. tripartita Hufn. Holland Ogdoconta (Telesilla) cinereola Guen. Centre, N. Y. Telesilla amethystina Hiibn. Europe Paectes (Ingura) delineata Gwen. ? Atlantic States P. pygmaea Hubn. (Ingura praepilata Gri.) Texas P. (Ingura) occulatrix Guen. Brook- Lynde OY: Marasmalus inficita Walk. (histrio Grt.). ? Atlantic States Amyna orbica Morr. (Chytoryza tecta Gri). Texas Alabama (Aletia) argillacea Hiibn. Centre, IN; Y. Anomis erosa Hiibn. Hines Scolecocampa liburna Geyer. New York Cilla distema Grt. Amolita fessa Grt. Texas Mt Kisco, N. Y. Rivula propinqualis Guen. New: Doryodes bistriaris Geyer (acutaria Herr.-Schaef.). Long Island Phiprosopus _callitrichoides _Grt. Texas Annaphila diva Grt. California A. decia Grt. California A. depicta Grt. California Eustrotia (Erastria) albidula Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. E. (Erastria) concinnimacula Guen. Albany, N. Y. E. (Erastria) synochitis Grt. & Rob. Albany, N. Y. B.( Erastnia) Centre, N.. ¥: Centre, muscoscula Guen. E. (Erastria) apicosa Haw. Centre, Nav E. (Erastria) carneola Guen. Centre, IN ae E. (Erastria) dividua Grt. Erastria argentula Hiubn. E. uncula Clerck. Europe E. pusilla View. Europe E. deceptoria Scop. Europe E. fasciana Linn. Europe Galgula hepara Guen. Centre, N. Y. G. hepara var. partita Guen. (sub- partita Guen.). Centre, N. Y. Lithacodia bellicula Hibn. Long Island Prothymia rhodarialis Walk. (coc- cineifascia Grt.). Massachusetts P. viridaria Clerck. Europe Emmelia trabealis Scop. (Agrophila sulphurea Linn.). Europe Texas Europe ’ Exyra rolandiana Grt. Massachusetts Xanthoptera nigrofimbria Gwen. Rockledge, Fla. X. semiflava Guen. Texas ~ Eublemma (Thalpochares) arcuinna Hiibn. Europe Thalpochares Europe . respersa Hiibn. Europe . chlorotica Led. Russia . concinnula Boisd. Russia . communimacula Hiibn. Europe . rosea Hiibn. Europe dardouini Boisd. fa El Bee Bae ne a eS SS Oe SS Oe ee ee eel REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 Thalpochares purpurina Hiibn. Hun- gary T. paula Hubn. Europe Metoponia obtusa Herr.-Schaef. ? South Atlantic States Chamyris cerintha Tre. Lewis county, N.Y. ; Therasea (Tarache) angustipennis Grt. Colorado Phlogophora (Habrintis) scita Hiibn. Russia Brotolomia meticulosa Linn. Europe Mania maura Linn. Europe Naenia typica Linn. Europe Tarache flavipennis Grt. California T. (Acontia) lactipennis Harv. Texas 7 T. (Acontia) biplaga Guen. Texas T. (Acontia) aprica Hiibn. Texas T. (Acontia) erastrioides Guen. Texas T. (Acontia) candefacta Hiubn. Centre, N. Y. Acontia lucida Hufn. (solaris Esp.). Europe A. luctuosa Esp. Europe Spragueia leo Guen. Savannah, Ga. S. dama Guen. Savannah, Ga. Cloantha hyperici Fabr. Europe C. polyodon Clerck. Europe C. radiosa Esp. Europe Callopistria (Eriopus) floridensis Guen. Florida C. (Eriopus) purpureofasciata Puller. Europe C. (Eriopus) latreillei Dup. Dal- matia Polyphaenis sericata Esp. Europe Trachea atriplicis Linn. Europe Metathorasa (Herrichia) monitifera Guen. Lewis county, N. Y: Euherrichia (Herrichia) mollissima Guen. Centre, N. Y. Pangrapta decoralis Hiibn. Lewis county, Ney. Hyamia (Spargaloma) sexpunctata Grt. Centre, N. Y. HH. perditalis Walk. (Spargaloma umbrifascia Grt.). Kansas 4 97 Homopyralis discalis Grt. Centre, iN ian Ge H. contracta Walk. (tactus Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. H. tantillus Grt. Rockledge, Fla. Hypsoropha hormos Hiibn. Georgia Hyblaea puera Cram. Jamaica Drasteria erechtea Hibn. Centre, ip Bonde D. caerulea Grt. California Anophia leucomelas Linn. Europe Aedia funesta Esp. Europe Catephia alchymista Schiff. Hungary Pseudophia lunaris Schiff. Europe P. tirhaca Cram. Europe Caenurgia (Litosea) convalescens Guen. Atlantic States Euclidia cuspidea Hiibn. Ont. E. triquetra Fabr. Hungary E. mi Clerck. Europe E. glyphica Linn. Europe Panula inconstans Guen. Texas Meliopotis nigrescens Grt. & Rob. Texas M. pallescens Grt. & Rob. Texas M. (Bolina) limbolaris Geyer. Ham- ilton, Ont. M. jucunda Hiibn. Savannah, Ga. Cirrhobolina deducta Morr. Texas C. mexicana Behr. Texas Syneda graphica Hiibn. States S. adumbrata Behr. Colorado S. ingeniculata Morr. Texas S. howlandii Grt. Colorado Catocala epione Dru. Kansas C. agrippina Streck. Texas C. lacrymosa Guen. Dallas, Tex. CC. lacrymosa var. evelina French. Saranac Lake, N. Y. Hamilton, ? Atlantic G: viduata Guen. Texas C. vidua Sm. &. Abb. (desperata Guen.). New York city; Tiffin, O. Hamilton, Ont. Albany, N.Y. New York city; C. retecta Grt. C. flebilis Grt. C. robinsonii Grt. Carbondale, III. 98 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Catocala obscura Streck. New York city; Carbondale, IIl. C. residua Gri. Tiffin, O. C. insolabilis Guen. Ohio C. angusi Grt. New York city C. angusi var. lucetta Hy. Edw. Carbondale, III. C. judith Streck. New York city C. tristis Edw. New York city C. relicta Walk. Centre, N. Y. C. relicta var.- bianca Hy. Edw. Centre, N. Y. Co relicta “war. Centre, N. Y. C. cara Guen. Albany, N. Y. C. cara var. silvia Hy. Edw. Car- bondale, IIl. C. cara var. carissima Hulst. Florida C. amatrix Hiibn. Albany, N. Y. C. amatrix var.murus Walk. Centre, INE Ys: C. marmorata Edw. California C. concumbens Walk. Centre, N. Y. C. concumbens var. hillii Gri. Centre, INC SENG: C. californica Edw. California C. californica var. perdita Hy. Edw. California luciana Hy. Edw. Nebraska walshii Edw. Texas stretchii Behr. California ‘ Cs C: C. semirelicta Grt. Colorado Cc. C: C. Grt.). (levettei phryne Hy. Edw. unijuga Walk. Lewis county, IN XS meskei Grt. Albany, N. Y. mariana Hy. Edw. California C. mariana var. francesca Hy. Edw. California . grotiana Bailey. Colorado . hermia Hy. Edw. Colorado > . briseis Edw. Lewis county, N. Y. . faustina Streck. Utah . irene Behr. California irene var. virgilia Hy. Edw. Cali- fornia parta Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. . coccinata Grt. Wisconsin . circe Streck. Texas . aholibah Streck. California QAAAARNA aaAANA C. verrilliana Grt. var. ophelia Hy. Edw. New Mexico C. ultronia Guen. Lewis county, NeW C. ilia Cram. Michigan C. ilia var. uxor Guen. Coldwater, Mich. C. innubens Guen. Kansas C. innubens var. scintillans Grt. & Rob. Virginia C. nebulosa Edw. New York city C. piatrix Grt. Kansas C. neogama Sm. & Abb. Wires C. subnata Grt. Lewis county, N. Y: C. cerogama Guen. Centre, N. Y. - C. cerogama var. bunkeri Grt. Lewis county; Nwav). a C. palaeogama Guen. C. consors Guen. Kan. C. muliercula Guen. New York city C. delilah Streck. (adoptiva Grt.). Texas C. illecta Walk. Dayton, O. C. serena Edw. New York city C. antinympha Hiibn. Centre, N. Y. C. badia Grt. & Rob. Kittery Point, Me. : C. coelebs Gri. Lewis county, N. Y. C. habilis Grt. Albany, N. Y. C. clintonii Grt. Atlantic States C. abbreviatella Grt. Douglas county, Kan. C. whitneyi Dodge. Douglas county, Kan. Centre, Kansas Douglas county, C. nuptialis Walk. Schenectady, NEON C. polygama Guen. Lewis county, Ne Ye C. polygama var. crataegi Saund. Maine C. polygama var. mira Grt. Douglas county, Kan. C. pretiosa Lint. Albany, N. Y. C. amasia Sm. & Abb. Florida C. cordelia Hy. Edw. Douglas county, Kan. C. similis Edw. (formula Grt. & Rob.). Texas REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 99 Catocala similis var. aholah Streck. Georgiana, Fla. C. fratercula Grt. & Rob. Texas C. fratercula var. atarah Sireck. Rockledge, Fla. mrdeelata Grit. & Rob. Lewis county, N. Y. * C. gracilis Edw. Centre, N. Y. -C. amica Hiibn. (androphila Guen.). Albany, N. Y. C. amica var. lineella Grt. mY." . fraxini Linn. Europe . electa Bkh. Hungary . elocata Esp. Hungary . puerpera Giorna. Hungary nupta Linn. Holland dilecta Hiibn. Dalmatia sponsa Linn. Europe . promissa Esp. Europe . conjuncta Esp. Europe pacta Linn. Europe . hymenaea Schiff. Europe . fulminea Scop. (paranympha Esp.) Hungary C. conversa Esp. Europe Albany, @heten ch plots levenenens C. conversa var. Hiibn. Europe C. diversa Hiibn. Dalmatia C. nymphagoga Esp. Dalmatia Allotria elonympha Hiibn. Albany, Dee: ; Andrewsia messalina Guen. (bel- fragiana Harv.). Douglas county, agamos Kan. Euparthenos (Parthenos) nubilis Hiibn. Albany, N. Y. Apopestes (Spintherops) spectrum Esp. Europe | Exophyla rectangularis Hiibn. Europe Hypocala andremona Cram. (hilli Lint.). Centre, N. Y. Litocala sexsignata Harv. Arizona Toxocampa victoria Grt. Las Vegas, N. M. T. pastinum Treit. Europe ‘l. craccae Fabr. Dalmatia LT. limosa Treit. Hungary Phoberia atomaris Hiibn. Washing- tea TR. Siavana repanda Walk. (Harveya auripennis Grt.). Florida Panapoda rufimargo Hiibn. iy ee a . P. rufimargo var. carneicosta Guen. Douglas county, Kan. Albany, _Parallelia bistriaris Hiibn. Centre, Nee Agnomonia anilis Dru. Douglas county, Kan. Remigia repanda VFabr. (latipes Guen.). Rockledge, Fla. R. repanda Fabr. (hexastylus Harv.). Kansas Leucanitis stolida Fabr. Europe Grammodes algira Linn. Dalmatia G. geometrica Fabr. (bifasciata Petag.). Europe Poaphila quadrifilaris Hiibn. Centre, Neiy. Phurys vinculum Gwen. Rockledge, Fla. | Celiptera frustulum Guen. Mt Kisco, INZOYs C. bucetum Grt. Las Vegas, N. M. Anticarsia gemmatilis Hibn. Wis- consin Strenoloma lunilinea Grt. Kansas Campometra amella Guen. (Homop- tera stylobata Harv.). Texas C. (Homoptera) mima Harv. Texas Trama detrahens Walk. (arrosa Harv.). Douglas county, Kan. T. hinna Geyer. Archer, Fla. Matigramma pulverilinea Grt. Texas M. pulversoa Walk. (laena Harv.). Lexas Zale horrida Hiubn. Selenis monotropa Grt. Pheocyma lunifera Hibn. P. umbrina Grt. Arizona Ypsia undularis Dru. Centre, N. Y. Y. undularis var. aeruginosa Guen. Centre, N. Y. Texas Texas Centre, N. Y. Pseudanthroecia coracias Guen. Las Vegas, N. M. Homoptera lunata Dru. Albany, ia H. lunata var. edusa Dru. Centre, N.Y. H. rubi Hy. Edw. Arizona 100 Homoptera minerea Guen. Centre, NeY. H. calycanthata Sm. & Abb. Centre, NOON: H. edusina Harv. Texas H. edusina var. atritincta Harv. fexas H. penna Morr. Douglas county, Kan. Centre, N. Y. Centre, N. Y. Centre, N. Y. H. unilineata Grt. H. obliqua Guen. H. duplicata Beth. H. benesienata Harv. Centre, Nv Y. Erebus odora Linn. Cuba E. hercyna Dru. Brazil E. strix Linn. Brazil Thysania zenobia Cram. Jamaica © Epizeuxis americalis Guen. Centre, ING. E. aemula Hiibn. Centre, N. Y. E. (Pseudoglossa) lubricalis Geyer. Lewis county, N. Y. E. (Pseudoglossa) denticulalis Harv. Kansas E. rotundalis Walk. (borealis Sm.). Centre, N. Y. E. (Helia) calvaria Fabr. Europe Zanclognatha laevigata Grt. Atlantic States Z. (Pityolita) pedipilalis Guen. Centre, N. Y. Z. cruralis Guen. Adirondacks, N. Y. Z. protumnusalis Walk. (minamalis Grt.). Rockledge, Fla. Z. marcidilinea Grt. Albany, N. Y. Z. (Megachyta) lituralis Huiibn. Centre, N. Y. Z. theralis Walk. ceptricalis Zell.). Hamilton, Ont. Z. (Megachyta) inconspicualis Grt. Adirondack mts, N. Y. Z. tarsiplumalis Hiibn. Europe Z. tarsicrinalis Knoch. Europe Z. emortualis Schiff. Europe Herminia tentacularia Linn. Russia Hormisa absorptalis Walk. (Litog- natha nubilifascia Grt.). Lewis county, N: Y. Philometra metcnalis Walk. (longi- ‘labris Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. P. eumelusalis Walk. (serraticornis Gri). Centre; NAY. (Megachyta de- | NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Ohio Grt. Chytolita morbidalis Guen. C. morbidalis var. petrealis Centre, N. Y. Renia salusalis Walk. (brevirostralis Grt.). Rockledge, Fla. R. discoloralis Guen. Mt _ Kisco, Nae R. sobrialis Walk. var. larvalis Grt. Archer, Fla. ; R. clitosalis Walk. (centralis Grt.). Rockledge, Fla. R. factiosalis Walk. (plenilinealis Gri); "Centre, Ne R. flavipunctalis Geyer (belfragei Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. Bleptina caradrinalis Guen. NAY 5% Pechipogon barbalis Clerck. Europe Centre, Tetanolita mynesalis Walk. (lixalis Grt.). Rockledge, Fla. Heterogramma pyramusalis Walk. (Phalaenophana rurigena Grt.). Centre, No Ve Gaberasa ambigualis Walk. Eulin- ternia bifidalis Grt.). Centre, N. Y. Palthis angulalis Hiibn. Adirondack TMiess SNS Ys P. asopialis Guen. Capis curvata Grt. Salia interpuncta Gri.. Centre, No Y- Lomanaltes eductalis Walk. (laetul- lus Grt.). Lewis county, N. Y. Rockledge, Fla. Mt Kisco, N. Y. Bomolocha manalis Walk. Mt Kisco, INEWY: B baltimoralis Guen. Adirondack mits. IN. Ye B. albalienalis Walk. Centre, N. Y. B. madefactalis Guen. (Macrohy- pena profecta Grt.). Hamilton, Ont. B. edictalis Walk. (Meghypena velli- © fera Gri.). Lewis county, N. Y. B. fontis Thunb. Germany Plathypena scabra_ Fabr. NS Yo Hypena humuli Harr. Rob.). Albany, N. Y. H. proboscidalis Linn. Europe — Centre, (evanidalis H. palpalis Hiibn. Europe H. rostralis Linn. Europe H. lividalis Hiibn. Europe REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 IO] Nycteolidae Nycteola (Sarrothripus) revayana Scop. Lewis county, N. Y. Pericopidae Gnophaela latipennis Boisd. (hofferi | Flavinia dichroa Pertg. Rio de Grt. & Rob.). Colorado Janeiro G. latipennis var. vermiculata Grit. & Rob. Colorado Dioptidae Phryganidia californica Pack. Cali- | L. (Dioptis) vinosa Dru. Brazil fornia Lauron ergolis Walk. Java Dioptis divisa Hiibn. Brazil Thaumetopoedae Thaumetopoeda (Cnethocampa) pro- | T. (Cnethocampa) pityocampa Schiff. cessionea Linn. Europe Dalmatia Notodontidae Apatelodes torrefacta Sm. & Abb. | Ochrostigma (Drynobia) velitaris Glenville, N. Y. Hufn. Europe A. angelica Gri. Kittery Point, Me. Melalopha (Ichthyura) inclusa Hiibn. Centre; N. Y. M. (Ichthyura) strigosa Grt. Kittery Point, Me. M. (Pygaera) albosigma Fitch. Centre, N. Y. Pygaera anastomosis Linn. Europe P. curtula Linn. Europe P. anachoreta Fabr. Thuringia P. pigra Hufn. Europe Phalera bucephala Linn. Europe P. bucephaloides Och. Europe Datana ministra Dru. Long Island D. angusi Grt. & Rob. Kittery Point, Me. D. major Grit. & Rob. Long Island D. floridana Graef. Florida D. perspicua Grt. & Rob. Island D. integerrima Grt. & Rob. Mi contracta Walk. Tittin,. O. Ptilophora plumigera Esp. Hungary Pterostoma palpina Linn. Thuringia Lophopteryx camelina Linn. Europe L. cuculla Esp. Europe Long O. (Drynobia) melagona Bkh. Eu- rope Odontosia (Lophopteryx) carmelita Esp. Europe Leucodonta (Notodonta) bicoloria Schiff. Russia Spatalia (Notodonta) argentina Schitf. Europe Hyperaeschra (Notodonta) stragula Grt. Glenville, N. Y. Notodonta basitriens Walk. Sharon, Nees N: simplaria Graef. New York N. ziczac Linn. France N. dromedarius Linn. Europe - N. phoebe Siebert. (torva Hiibn.). Europe N. tritophus Esp. Europe N. trepida Esp. Europe Pheosia dimidiata Herr.-Schaef. (rimosa Pack.). Colorado P. (Notodonta) tremula Europe P. (Notodonta) Europe Clerck. dictaeoides Esp. 102 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Drymonia (Notodonta) chaonia | S. semirufescens Walk. (Oedamasia Hiibn. Europe eximia Grt.). Kittery Point, Me. Hoplitis (Hybocampa) milhauseri | S. (Coelodasys) unicornis Sm. & Fabr. Dalmatia Lophodonta ferruginea Pack. Adi- rondack mts, N. Y. L. angulosa Sm. & Abb. Hamilton, Ont. Nadata gibbosa Sm. & Abb. Hamil- ton, Ont. Nerice bidentata Walk. Hamilton, Ont. Symmerista (Edema) albifrons Sm. & Abb. Hamilton, Ont. Exaereta (Uropus) ulmi Europe Stauropus fagi Linn. Europe Litodonta hydromeli Haw. ‘Texas Heterocampa obliqua Pack. Georgia H. manteo Doubl. (subalbicans Grt.). Ocean Beach, N. J. H. biundata Walk. IND, Schiff. bilineata H. (Seirodonta) Pack. Kittery Point, Me. Ianassa_ lignicolor Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. Schizura ipomoeae Doubl. (Coelo- dasys biguttata Pack.). Saranac Lake, N. Y. S. pomoeae var. cinereofrons Pack. Kittery Point, Me. S. (Oedamasia) concinna Sm. & Abb. Lewis county, N. Y. Saranac Lake,. Abb. Centre, N. Y. S. (Coelodasys) apicalis Grt. & Rob. Leng Island S. (Oedamasia) badia Pack. Lewis county, N. Y. ; S. (Coelodasys) leptinoides Grt. Kittery Point, Me. Dicranura (Harpyia) erminia Esp. Europe D. (Harpyia) vinula Linn. Europe Cerura scitiscripta Walk. Kansas C. scitiscripta var. multiscripta Riley. Georgiana, Fla. C. occidentalis Lint. Nes C. (Harpyia) bicuspis Bkh. Europe C. (Harpyia) - furcula Clerckee ae rope C. (Harpyia) bifida Hiibn. Europe Harpyia (Cerura) borealis Boisd. Lewis county, N. Y. H. (Cerura) cinerea Walk. Hamil- ton, Ont. H. (Cerura) scolopendrina Boisd. var. albicoma. Colorado Fentonia (Heterocampa) marthesia Cram. Lewis county, N. Y. Gluphisia septentrionalis Walk. (tri- lineata Pack.). Albany, N. Y. Lewis county, Thyatiridae Habrosyne scripta Gesse. Lewis county, N. Y. H. (Gonophora) derasa Linn. Eu- rope. Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides Guen. Centre, N. Y. P. expultrix, Gri. .Centre, Nia Thyatira batis Linn. Russia Euthyatira (Thyatira) pudens Guen. Albany, N. Y. Bombycia (Cleoceris) viminalis Fabr. Europe Liparidae Hypogymna (Penthophera) morio Linn. Hungary Orgyia gonostigma Fabr. Europe O. ericae Germ. Pomerania Notolophus antiqua Linn. (Orgyia nova Fitch). Europe. Lewis county, N. Y. Hemerocampa (Orgyia) leucostigma Sm. & Abb. Albany, N. Y. : OE — EE ———— —— ——_ ——— | = | REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 Hemerocampa (Orgyia) Pack. Centre, N. Y. Olene achatina Sim. G Abb. (Paror- gyia parallela Grt. & Rob.). Rock- ledge, Fla. . O. achatina var. tephra Hiibn. (Par- orgyia obliquata Grt. & Rob.). mavany. oN. ¥. O. (Parorgyia) achatina var. cinna- momea Grt.-& Rob. Kittery Point, Me. Dasychira selenitica Esp. Thuringia D. fascelina Linn. Europe definita 103 Europe Europe salicis Linn. D. pudibunda Linn. Porthesia similis Fuessl. Stilpnotia (Letcoma) Budapest, Hungary Porthetria (Ocneria) dispar Linn. Europe Lymantria (Psilura) monacha Linn. Europe Euproctis (Porthesia) chrysorrhoea Linn. Europe ’ Ocneria detrita Esp. Europe O. rubea Fabr.. Europe Endromididae Endromis versicolora Linn. Europe Lemoniidae Lemonia (Crateronyx) taraxaci Esp. L. (Crateronyx) dumi Linn. Europe Europe Lasiocampidae Artace punctistriga Walk. Savan- mee Ga: Tolype velleda Stoll. Hamilton, Ont. T. laricis Fitch. Lewis county, N. Y. Malacosoma (Clisiocampa) ameri- cana Fabr. Lewis county, N. Y. M. (Clisiccampa) californica Pack. Nevada M. (Clisiocampa) | disstria Hiibn. New York M. (Clisiocampa) castrensis Linn. Europe M. (Clisiocampa) neustria Linn. Europe | M. (Bombyx) alpicola Stegr. Eu- rope — ; Trichiura (Bombyx) crataegi Linn. Thuringia Poecilocampa (Bombyx) populi Linn. Europe | Eriogaster (Bombyx) rimicola Hiibn. Europe E. (Bombyx) catax Linn. Europe E. (Bombyx) lanestris Linn. Europe ' Gastropacha Lasiocampa (Bombyx) quercus Linn. Thuringia L. (Bombyx) trifolii Esp. Europe Macrothylacia (Bombyx) rubi Linn. Thuringia Cosmotriche (Lasiocampa) potatoria Linn. Europe Chilena (Lasiocampa) sordida Ersch. Russia Epicnaptera (Gastropacha) cana Harr. Towa E. (Gastropacha) californica Pack. E. (Lasiocampa) tremulifclia Hubn. Europe ameri- americana war. (Lasiocampa) querci- folia Linn. Europe : Odonestis (Lasiocampa) pruni Linn. Thuringia Dendrolimus (Lasiocampa) pini Linn. Europe Pachypasa (Lasiocampa) otus Dru. Dalmatia Bombycidae Bombyx mori Linn. New Hampshire (Domesticated) 104 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Platypterygidae Oreta (Dryopteris) rosea Walk. | D. falcataria Linn. Europe Adirondack mts, N. Y. D. curvatula Bkh. Europe O. (Dryopteris) irrorata Pack. Adi- | D. harpagula Esp. Europe rondack mts, N. Y. D. lacertinaria Linn. Europe Cilix glaucata Scop. Europe D. binaria Hufn. Europe Drepana (Platypteryx) arcuata Walk. | D. cultraria Fabr. Europe Adirondack mts, N. Y. Mimallo plagrata Guen. Brazil D. (Platypteryx) arcuata var. geni- ettla Gri Catskill, N.Y: Geometridae Nyctobia limitata Walk. (Lobophora | Heterophleps triguttaria Herr.- Centre, N. Y. (Lobophora South Abing- vernata Pack.). N. fusifasciata Walk. anguilineata Grt.). ton, Mass. Lobophora polycommata Hubn. Eu- rope L. sertata Hubn. Europe L. carpinata Bkh. Europe L. halterata Hufn. Europe L. sexalisata Hubn. Europe Cladora atroliturata Walk. (Lobo- phora geminata Pack.). Centre, NY: Bessophora (Ptychoptera) staudin- geri Chr. Siberia Opheroptera boreata Hibn. New Berlin, N. Y. Cheimatobia brumata Linn. Europe Paleacrita (Anisopteryx) vernata Peck. Kansas Anisopteryx aceraria Schiff. Europe A. aescularia Schiff. Europe Eudule (Euphanessa) mendica Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. E. (Ameria) unicolor Rob. Arizona Lithostege farinata Hufn. Budapest, Hungary Anaitis praeformata Hiubn. Europe A. plagiata Linn. Eurcpe A. paludata Thunb. Europe A. paludata var. imbutata Hibn. - Europe Chesias spartiata Fuesel. Europe Nannia_ refusata Walk. (Hetero- phleps harveiata Pack.). Tiffin, O. Schaef. Centre, N. Y. Asthena (Cidaria) candidata Schiff. Europe Tephroclystis (Eupithecia) miseru- lata Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. T. absinthiata Clerck. (Eupithacia geminata Pack.). Albany, N. Y.; Europe T. (Eupithecia) oblongata Thunb. Europe T. (Eupithecia) linariata Fabr. Eu- rope T. (Eupithecia) pusillata Fabr. Eu- rope T. (Eupithecia) abietaria Geze. Eu- rope T. (Cidaria) pimpinellata Hibn. Europe T. (Eupithecia) castigata AHiuby. _ Europe ; T. (Eupithecia) satyrata Hiibn. Eu- rope T. (Eupithecia) succenturiata Linn. Europe T. (Eupithecia) succenturiata var. subfulvata Hew. Europe. T. (Eupithecia) denticulata Treit. Europe © T. (Eupithecia) graphata Treit. Europe T. (Eupithecia) nanata Hiibn, Ev- rope T. (Eupithecia) innotata Hufn. Europe REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 Tephroclystis (Eupithecia) lanceata Hiibn. Europe T. (Eupithecia) Europe Chloroclystis (Eupithecia) rectangu- lata Linn. Europe Eucymatoge (Phibalapteryx) tinata Guen. Albany, N. Y. Venusia cambrica Curt. (Epirrita cambricaria Pack.). Adirondack mis, N. Y. V. (Epirrita) duodecemlineata Pack. Lewis county, N. Y. V. comptaria Walk. (Epirrita per- lineata Pack.). Lewis county, N. Y. Euchoeca (Baptria) albovittata Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. Lythria purpuraria Linn. Europe Minoa murinata Scop. Europe M. murinata var. monochroaria Herr.-Schaef. Europe Odezia atrata Linn. (chaerophyllata Linn.). Europe Siona decussata Bkh. Europe Hydria undulata Linn. Lewis county, N. Y.; Europe Scotosia vetulata Schiff. Europe Eustroma (Petrophora) diversiline- ata Hiibn. Albany, N. Y. E. (Petrophora) testata Linn. Lewis county, N. Y.; Europe E. populata Linn. - (Petrophora packardata Linin.). Saranac Lake, Noy. E. (Lygris) populata Linn. Europe E. destinata Mosch. (Petrophora prunata var. lugubrata Mosch.). Lewis county, N. Y. E. (Petrophora) prunata Linn. Las Vegas, N. M.; Europe E. (Petrophora) cunigerata Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. Rheumaptera hastata Linn. dack mts, N. Y. R. (Ochyria) rubrosuffusata Pack. California Zenophleps (Ochyria) Pack. Colorado Percnoptilota (Plemyria) fluviata Hiibn. Lewis county, N. Y. sobrinata Hiibn. intes- Adiron- lignicolorata C. (Emplocia) ‘Gypsochroa 105 Mesoleuca (Rheumaptera) ruficilliata Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. M. gratulata Walk. (Rheumaptera brunneiciliata Pack.). California M. (Glaucopteryx) caesiata Denis & Schiff. Adirondack mts, N. Y. M. (Rheumaptera) lacustrata Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. . M. (Petrophora) truncata _ Adirondack mts, N. Y. M. (Petrophora) albolineata Pack. Orono, Me. M. (Petrophora) Colorado M. vasaliata Guen. (Cidaria rigidata Walk.). South Abington, Mass. Hydriomena autumnalis Strom. (tri- fasciata Bork.). Oldtown, Me. Hufn. hersiliata Guen. H. taeniata Steph. (Rheumaptera basaliata Walk.). Adirondack itse Ney: H. californiata Pack. Lewis county, NAY: | H. (Plemyria) Albany N.Y. H. (Phibalapteryx) Adbany, N: Y: H. (Rheumaptera) immediata Grt. Lewis county, N. Y. H. (Rheumaptera) unangulata Hav. Lewis county, N. Y. multiferata Walk.). latirupta Walk. Triphosa dubitata Linn. Lewis county, N.Y: Coenocalpe (Glaucopteryx) mag- noliata Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. C. (Rheumaptera) parinotata Zell. Rockledge, Fla. fervifactaria Grt. Water Canon, N. M. C. formosata Streck. (Marmopteryx sponsata Grt.). Las Vegas, N. M. Emplocia inconstans Geyer (ce- ghisaria Grt.). Water Canon, N.M. Marmopteryx marmorata Pack. South Abington, Mass. (Ochyria) designata Hufn. Lewis county, N. Y. G. sitellata) Guen. (Philereme al- bosignata Pack.). Texas 100 Epirranthis (Ploseria) puverata Thunb. Europe Phibalapteryx (Cidaria) aquata Hiibn. Europe P. (Cidaria) tersata Hiibn. Europe Petrophora (Ochyria) abrasaria Herr.-Schaef. Adirondack mts, N. ¥. P. - (Ochyria) ferrugata Clerck. Lewis county, N. Y. P. (Rheumaptera) fluctuata Linn. Saranac Lake, N. Y. Ortholitha coarctata Fabr. Europe O. plumbaria Fabr. Russia O. cervinata Schiff. Europe O. limitata Scop. Europe O. moeniata Scop. Europe O. peribolata Hiibn. France O. bipunctaria Schiff. Europe Mesotype virgata Rott. Europe Larentia (Cidaria) dotata Linn. Europe E (Gidarfia) i (Cidaria) rope i CCidaria’) i ~(Cidariay) ocellata Linn. Europe bicolorata Hufn. Eu- variata Schiff. Europe variata var. obeliscata Hiibn. Europe L. (Cidaria) juniperata Linn. Eu- rope L. (Cidaria) siterata Hufn. Europe L. (Cidaria) truncata Hufn. Europe L. immanata Hew. (Cidaria russata Stegr.). Europe L. (Cidaria) firmata Hubn. Europe L. (Cidaria) aptata Hiibn. Europe L. (Cidaria) viridaria Fabr. Europe L. (Cidaria) turbata Hiibn. Europe i. ¢@idarta’y kollariaria- Herr.- Schaef. Europe L. (Cidaria) aqueata Hiibn. Europe L. (Cidaria) fluctuata Linn. Europe L. (Cidaria) didymata Linn. Europe L. (Cidaria) cambrica Curt. Europe L. (Cidaria) vespertaria Bkh. Eu- rope L. (Cidaria) incursata Hiibn. Europe L. (Cidaria) montanata Schiff. Eu- rope rope L. (Cidaria) quadrifasciaria Clerck. Europe Tee “CGidariay) ferrugata Clerck. Europe L. (Cidaria) © pomoeriaria” “Evers Europe L. (Cidaria) dilutata Bkh. Europe L. (Cidaria) caesiata Lang. Europe L. (Cidaria) frustata Treit. Europe L. (Cidaria) riguata Hiibn. Europe L.. (Cidaria) cuculata Hajfae Purope L. (Cidaria) galiata Hiibn. Europe L. (Cidaria) sociata Bkh. Europe L. (Cidaria) albicillata Linn. Europe — DA NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM L. (Cidaria) suffumata Hiibn. Eu- (Cidaria) lugubrata Stegr. Eu- rope L. (Cidaria) hastata Linn. Europe L. (Cidaria) hastata var. subhastata Nolck. Europe L. (Cidaria) tristata ir eiipepe L. (Cidaria) luctuata Hiibn. Europe L. (Cidaria) molluginata Hiibn. Europe Ee ¢Cidaria} alchemillata Linn. Europe : L. (Cidaria) adaequata Bkh. Europe L. (Cidaria) albulata Schiff. Europe L. (Cidaria) obliterata Hufn. Eu- rope L. (Cidaria) luteata Schiff. Europe L. flavofasciata Thunb. (Cidaria de- colorata Hiibn.). Europe L. (Cidaria) bilineata Linn. Europe L. (Cidaria) scrdidata abr. Europe L. (Cidaria) capitata Herr.-Schaef.. Europe L. (Cidaria) corylata Thunb. Enu- rope L. (Cidaria) berberata Schiff. Europe L. (Cidaria) rubidata Fabr. Europe Haematecpsis grataria Fabr. Centre, Nays Erastria (Calothysanis) amaturaria Walk. Kansas | Rhodostrophia (Pellonia) vibicaria Clerck. Europe - REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9Q07 107 Rhodostrophia (Pellonia) calabraria | FE. (Zonosoma) porata Fabr. Europe Zell. France Timandra amata Linn. Europe Deptalia (Acidalia) insularia Guen. Florida Cosymbia lumenaria Hiibn. (Ephyra pendulinaria Guen.). Centre, ee a Synelys (Acidalia) ennucleata Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. S. (Acidalia) timandrata Walk. Rockledge, Fla. Cinglis similaria Walk. (Acidalia quadrilineata Pack.). Lewis county, N. Y. _ Leptomeris lautaria Hiibn. (Acidalia minutularia Hulst.). Lewis county, a a A. ornata Scop. Europe A. violata Thunb. var. decorata Bkh. France Ephyra (Zonosoma) pendularia Clerck. Europe E. (Zonosoma) annulata Schulze. Europe L. (Acidalia) sentinaria Hiibi. Labrador . L. (Ephyra) plantagenaria Hulst. Saranac Lake N.Y. Acidalia perpusillaria Ev. Russia A. trilineata Scop. Europe A. flaveolaria Hiibn. Europe A. similata Thunb. (perochraria . Fabr.). Europe A. rufaria Hiibn. Europe A. sericeata Hiibn. Europe A. moniliata Fabr. Europe A. virgularia Hiibn. Europe A. herbariata Fabr. Europe A. bisetata Hufn. Europe A. politata Hiubn. Russia A. filicata Hibn. Europe A. robiginata Stegr. Europe A. dilutaria Hiibn. (holosericata Dup.). Europe A. humiliata Hufn. Europe A. immorata Linn. Europe A. incanata Linn: Europe A. fumata Steph. (commutata Fabr.). Europe A. remutaria Hiibn. Europe A. emutaria Hiibn. Russia E. (Zoncsoma) punctaria Linn. France FE. linearia. Hiitbn. (Zonosoma trili- nearia Bkh.). Europe Eois demissaria Hiibn. (Hyria ferru- gata Pack.). Centre, N. Y. E. ossularia Hiibn. (Acidalia ossulata Pack.). South Abington, Mass. E. (Acidalia) inductata Guen. » Centre, Nv Emmiltis sparsaria Walk. (Cymato- phora psilogrammaria Zell.) ; Texas Annemoria faseolaria Guen. (Fi- donia fasciolaria Hulst). Cali- fornia Chlorochlamys (Eucrostis) chloroleu- caria Guen. Massachusetts Hemithea (Nemoria) strigata Mull. Europe Thalera fimbrialis Scop. Europe T. putata Linn. _(Jodis punctata Hiibn.). Europe a. Clodis)lactearia Linn. “Europe Eucrostis incertata Walk. (Memoria erarata ack:); Centre, Ni Y. Memoria pulmentaria Guen.. Europe Racheospila (Eucrostis) saltusaria Hulst. Indian river, Fla. Euchloris (Phorodesma) daria Fabr. var. prasinaria Ev. Sarepta, Russia Synchlora aerata Fabr. (rubivoraria Pack.).. Lewis county, N. Y. S. denticulata Walk. (excurvaria Pack.). Rockledge, Fla. Aplodes mimosaria Guen. land Pseudoterpna pruinata Hufn. rope Anaplodes (Geometra) iridaria Guen. Georgiana, Fla. Gecmetra papilionaria Linn. G. vernaria Hiibn. Europe Fernaldella (Fidonia) fimetaria Grt. & Rob. Texas Epelis (Fidonia) truncataria Walk. Centre, N. Y: smarag- Long Is- Eu- Russia ~To08 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Epelis truncataria Walk. (Ematurga ocellinata Guen.). Mt Kisco, N. Y. Eufidonia notataria Walk. Centre, NY )rthofidonia exornata Walk. Centre, N-oY: 2: (Corycia) Centre, N. Y. O. (Corycia) vestaliata Guen. Centre, ING 2. Mellilla inextricata Walk. var. xanthometata Walk. (Lythria snoviaria Pack.). Douglas county, Kan. Psysostegania (Stegania) pustularia Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. Deilinia variolaria Guen. county, N. Y. D. erythremaria Guen. Lewis county, INS XG D. liberaria Walk. (Aspilates lint- neraria Pack.). Centre, N. Y. D. liberaria Walk. (Aspilates lint- neraria var. diffusea Pack.). Cen- te, IN. ¥. D. (Cabera) pusaria Linn. Europe Sciagraphia (Semiothisa) granitata Guen. Centre, N. Y.; Oldtown, Me. S. (Semiothisa) punctolineata Pack. Texas S. heliothidata Guen. (Semiothisa ocellinata Guen.). Mt Kisco, N. Y. S. californiaria Pack. (Semiothisa californiata Pack.). Douglas county, Kan. S. meadiaria Pack. (Phasiane meadi- ata Pack... Saranac Lakes NN; S. continuata Walk. (Marmopteryx strigularia Walk.). New Berlin, NY S. continuata (Phasiane orillata Walk.). South Abington, Mass. S. (Phasiane) moellistrigata Grt. Centre, N. Y. S. (Phasiane) mellistrigata var. tri- fasciata Pack. Lewis county, N. Y. Phasiane partitaria Hiibn. France P. clathrata Linn. Europe semiclarata Walk. Lewis _€. pustularia P. glarearia Brahm. Europe Eubolia arenacearia Hiibn. Europe E. murinaria Fabr. Europe Philobia (Semiothisa) enotata Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. : Macaria (Semiothisa) s signata Pack. Texas M. (Psammatodes) eremiata Guen. Centre, N. Y. M. (Semiothisa) praeatomata Haw. Gentre, N.Y. M. (Semiothisa) praeatomata var. bisignata Walk. Centre, N. Y. M. (Semiothisa) mendicata Hulst. Arizona M. (Deilinea) septemfluaria Grt. Ohio Semiothisa (Macaria) notata Linn. Europe S. (Macaria) alternaria § Hiibn. Europe S. (Macaria) signaria Hiibn. Yurope | S. (Macaria) liturata Clerck. Europe Cymatophora (Eufitchia) ribearia Pitch. Lewis county, Noe C. sulphurea Pack. (Thamnonoma sulphuraria Pack.). South Abing- ton, Mass. C. (Thamnonoma) brunneata Thunb. Lewis county, N. Y.; Europe C. inceptaria Walk. (Thamnonoma argillacearia Pack.). South Abing- ton, Mass. C. (Thamnonoma) subcessaria Walk. Schenectady, N.Y. Hiibn. | (Eumacaria brunnearia Pack.). Centre, NOY, C. or Fabr. Europe C. cctogesima Hiibn. Russia C. duplaris Linn. Europe Polyploca (Asphalia) diluta Fabr. Europe P. (Asphalia) ruficollis Fabr. Dal- matia P. (Cymatophora) flavicornis Linn. Europe P. (Asphalia) ridens Fabr. Europe Thamnonoma (Halia) loricaria Ev. Europe ke ee REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 Thamnonoma (Halia) wauria Linn. | Europe Euaspilates spinataria Pack. rado Homochlodes fritillaria Guen. (Lozo- gramma discoventa Walk.). Lewis county, N. Y: \ Colo- Apaecasia (Lozogramma) detersata Guen. Centre, N. Y. A. (Lozogramma) defluata Walk. Centre, N. Y. Catopyrrha (Aspilates) coloraria Fabr. Centre, N. Y. C. (Aspilates) coloraria var. dis- similaria Hubn. Centre, N. Y. Perconia (Aspilates) _ strigillaria Hiibn. Europe Enemera (Selidosema) juturnaria Guen. Washington Fidonia limbaria Fabr. Digne, France Eurranthis (Athroolopha) penni- geraria Hiubn. var. chrysitaria Hiibn. Algeria : E. plumistaria Vill. Digne, France | Caripeta divisata Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. C. augustiorata Walk. Lewis county, NaN C. angustiorata var. latiorata Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. Enypia (Cleora) venata Grt. Wash- ington Gnophos glaucinaria Hiibn. Europe G. dilucidaria Hiibn. Europe G. myrtillata Thunb. var. obfuscaria Hiibn. Europe Psodos alpinata Scop. Europe P. coracina Esp. Norway Pygmaena fusca Thunb. Europe Ematurga atomaria Linn. Russia Bupalus piniarius Linn. Europe Cleogene lutearia Fabr. Europe Scoria lineata Scop. (dealbata Linn.). Sarepta, Russia Aspilates mundataria Cram. Russia A. gilvaria Fabr. Europe | Nepytia semiclusaria Walk. (Cleora | pulchraria Minot). Albany, N. Y. | - Selidosema B. gemmaria Brahm. 109 Alcis (Semiothisa) |metanemaria Hulst. Arizona A. (Hemerophila) latifasciaria Pack. Washington Nychiodes lividaria Hiibn. Europe Paraphia subatomaria Wood. Lewis county, N. Y. Lytrosis (Hemezophila) u«nitaria Herr.-Schaef. Locust Grove, N. Y. Tornos scolopacinarius Guen. (rubi- ginosus Morr.). Texas (Boarmia) humarium Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. S. (Boarmia) umbrosarium AHiibn. Lewis county, N. Y. S. ericetaria Vill. Europe Boarmia cinctaria Schiff. Europe France B. secundaria Esp. Europe B. repandata Linn. Europe B. roboraria Schiff. Europe B. roboraria var. infuscata Stegr. Europe B. consortaria Fabr. Europe B. angularia Thunb. Europe B. lichenaria Hufn. Europe B. selenaria Hiibn. Europe B. consonaria Hiibn. Europe B. luridata Bkh. Europe B. punctularia Hubn. Europe Cleora (Cidaria ) Rocky mountains opacaria Hulst. © -(Pephrosia)—..cribrataria . -Guenr. Centre, .N. “Y: C. indicataria Walk. (Boarmia polygrammaria Pack.). Lewis ccunty, N. Y. C. (Boarmia) pampinaria Gwen. Centres NoYes. C. (Boarmia) larvaria Guen. Lewis county, oN: ¥- Melanolophia (Tephrosia) canadaria Guen. Lewis county, N. Y. Aethaloptera intextata Walk. (Teph- rosia alticatia Walk). © Centre, Na ¥ Ectropis (Boarmia) crepuscularia Dems G&G Scuit. ~ Saranac. Lake, N. Y.; Europe i ce) NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Epimecis virginaria Cram. (hortaria Fabr.). New York city Amphidasis betularia Linn. Europe Lycia (Biston) ursaria Walk. Centre, Nev: L. (Eubyja) cognataria Guen. Lewis county,; NY. . Biston hispidaria Fabr. Europe B. zonaria Schiff. France B. graecarius Stegr. Europe B. hirtaria Clerck. Europe B. strataria Hufn. Europe Nacophora (Eubyja) cupidaria Grit. Hamilton, Ont. Phigalia titea Cram. (strigataria Winot).~1Centre, Ne ¥. Erannis (Hybernia) tiliaria Harr. Hamilton, Ont. Hybernia rupicapraria Hiibn. Eu- rope H.. bajaria Schiff. Europe H: leucophaearia Schiff. H. aurantiaria Esp. Europe H. marginaria Bkh. Europe Europe Cingilia (Zerene) catenaria Dru. Centre, N. Y. Lychnosea (Endropia) helviolaria Hulst. Colorado L. intermicata Walk. (Aspilates pervatia sl ack.).-. linn, ©), Anagoga pulveraria Linn. Adiron- dack mts, N. Y. Sicya macularia Harr. NEY: Therina (Ellopia) vitraria Grt. Las Vegas, N. M. T. athasiaria Walk. (bibularia Grt. & Rob.). Rockledge, Fla. T. fervidaria Hiibn. Albany, N. Y. T. (Ellopia) fervidaria var. somnia- ria Hulst. Lewis county, N. Y. Ellopia prosapiaria Linn. Europe E. prosapiaria var. prasinaria Hiibn. Europe ; Lewis county, Epione apiciaria Schiff. Europe E. parallelaria Schiff. York, Eng- land ? FE. advenaria Hiibn. York, England Venilia macularia Linn. Europe a) RT Metrocampa praegrandaria Guen. (perlaria Pack.). Lewis county, NOTY: M. margaritata Linn. Europe M. honoraria Schiff. Europe Numeria pulveraria Linn. Europe N. capreolaria Fabr. Europe Eugonobapta (Acidalia) nivosaria Guen:. Centre, N:-¥. Ennomos (Eudalimia) subsignarius Hubn. « Albany, N.- ¥. E. magnarius Guen. (Eugonia al- Albany, N. Y. autumnaria Werneb. niaria Hiibn.). E. (Eugonia) Europe E. (Eugonia) Europe quercinaria Hufn. E. (Eugonia) alniaria Linn. Europe © EK. (Eugonia) erosaria Hubner (eine rope Xanthotype (Angerona) crocataria Fabr. Lewis county, N. Y. Agerona prunaria Linn. Europe Plagodis keutzingi Grt. (keutzin- garia Pack.). Lewis county, N. Y. P. alcoolaria Guen. Albany, N. Y. P. phlegosaria Guen. Lewis county, NEN Eurymene dolabraria Linn. Europe Hyperitis ‘amicaria Herr.-Schaef. ANoary,. Ne Ye Himera pennaria Linz. Crocallis tusciaria Bkh. France C. elinguaria Linn. Europe Opisthograptis (Rumia) Linn. “Europe Ania limbata Haw. (Nematocampa filimentaria Guen.). Lewis county, NX. Ourapteryx (Urapteryx) sambucaria Linn. Europe Arichanna (Rhyparia) Linn. Europe Abraxas grossulariata Linn. A. sylvata Scop. Europe A. adustata Schiff. Europe A. marginata Linn. (marginaria Hiibn.). Europe Bapta bimaculata Fabr. France luteolata melanaria Europe Europe : 4 : i . sa REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 B. temerata Hiibn. Europe Gonodontis (Endropia) hypochraria Herr.-Schaef. Albany, N. Y. G. (Endropia) warneri Harv. tre. N.Y: Gonodontis (Endropia), duaria Guen. Gentre, N. Y. G. (Epirranthis) obfirmaria Hiibn. Centre, N. Y. G. (Caberodes) Florida G. (Odontopera) bidentata Clerck. Europe Euchlaena (Endropia) serrata Dru. Lewis county, N. Y. Cen- autidiscaria Walk. E. (Endropia) obtusaria Hiibn. Adirondack mts, N. Y. E. (Endropia) effectaria Walk. Lewis county, N. Y. E. johnsonaria Fitch (Endrcpia bil- inaria Pack.). Lewis county, N. Y. E. astylusaria Walk. (Endropia ma- dusaria Walk.). Mt Kisco, N. Y. E. (Endropia) marginata Minot. Lewis county, N. Y. Selenia bilunaria Esp. (illunaria Hiibn.). Europe _S. lunaria Schiff. Europe S. tetralunaria Hufn. (illustraria Hiibn.). Europe Hygrochroa (Pericallia) syringaria Linn. Europe Therapis evonymaria Schiff. Europe Epiplatymetra (Tetracis) colorad- aria Grt. & Rob. Colorado E. (Tetracis) grotearia Pack. Lewis a ERT M. determinata Walk. (carnaria Pack) Lewis county, N. Y. M. (Teiracis) excelsa Streck. simpliciaria Grit. New Mexico Var. M. (Endropia) textrinaria Grt. & Rob. Hamilton, Ont. Priocycla (Endropia) armantaria Herr.-Schaef. Lewis county, N. Y. Azelina ancetaria Hiibn. (hubnerata Picks Mit Kaseo, Ni: OY: - A. ancetaria var. peplaria Hiubn. (var. atrocolorata Hulst). Tiffin, O. Syssaura infensata Guen. var. bi- claria Walk. (Drepanodes puber Grt. & Rob.). Rockledge, Fla. Caberodes confusaria Hiibn. Centre, i ge ae CSumajoraria but see “under no. 5. Also in the Herbarium from Keene, Essex co. (Professor Peck). Je pa The specimens from Garrison, from Long Island and part of those from the Indian Ladder are lighter and more violaceous, the others all a bright crimson. Perhaps there are really two forms; Garman’s description fits the violaceous specimens. *17 A green, reddish or purplish, slender pouch-gall or nail-gall (ceratoneon) projecting from the upper surface of the leaf. The mite is Eriophyes acericola (Garman). Riley yo:.; Am. Ent. & Bot. oe 7339 (Acarus MOCE 1s -crumen.a ) Garman 783, p.135 (Phytoptus Reewec 6 la)collh Garman ’92, no. 6 Bie Ee Cook ’04, p.860, second sp. Ind. Parrote, 67. N-Y. Acric. Exp. Sta. Bul. 283, no. 7 Jarvis ’07, p.59, second sp. Ont. Banks 07.. Catalogue of Acarina, p.620, Eriophyes aceris-crumena (Riley) ine from New Paltz (Miss Foster), Albany (Mr Young) and East Orange (Miss Mitchell). EY ce NE Acer spicatum (mountain maple) 18 A white, whitish, or pale yellow erineum on the under side of the leaf, in patches often in axils of veins. Trichomes long, tangled and distorted. Quite different from other forms, unless it be the E. acerinum= of Schweinitz (see no. 5). Garman ’92, no. 4 N.H. ‘Jarvis ’07, p.62, third sp., pl.B, fig. 2 Ont. Mr Burnham reports this from the summit of Greylock mt, Mass. Acer sp. 19 A black velvety erineum in large irregular patches on leaf. (Probably the old stage of.some of the preceding). iqaeen 65, no: 290. (ETrineum purpurascens) N.H. wi rime um pmiepurascens Link no. 36, “frequens in meet hires: £ oli is 2” Schweinitz ’34, no. 2808 Pa: I suppose this is our no. 16, but the description is not accessible to me. Compare no. 19. I24. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 21 An erineum on maple, with capitate trichomes; not further described. The mite is Eriophyes ryderi. Banks. Ryder '79. - Am. Nat. XIII :7o4, fig. (Phytop twee Hagen ’85, no. 28 Banks ’o7. Catalogue of Acarina, p.621 (E. ryderi) As Ryder omits to mention the color or position of the erineum, the kind of maple, or the locality, it would seem that some un- certainty attends the identification of his species. Professor Par- rott is at present working on these forms. 7 Key to the forms of Erineum on Acer A On upper surface of leaf a Red or purple, to blackish 1 Mostly at tips of lobes...No. 1 on A. glabrum ’2 Scattered between veins...No. 160n A. saccharum ? No. 19 on A. sp. ? Erineum purpurascens mas 20 3 Along veins (see below, no. 7) b White or yellow, to brown 1 Along veins, elongated...No. 60n A. rubrum No. 15 on A. saccéharam 2 Spreading from veins, pink spotted...No. 7 on A. rubrum B On under surface of leaf ; @ A impled rset eee et re Nos. 2 and 3 on A. negundo b Planate : 1 Trichomes simple, long...No. 1 on A. spicatum ? Erinheum acerinum of Schweinitz on A. rubrum, no. 5 2 Trichomes capitate (Gs) RW eis cence eee ee No. 12 on A. saccharum ? rin eum platanoideum, no. 13 (b) Yellowish to brown..No. 4 on A. rubrum ? Erineum acerinum, nO95 No. 9 on A. saccharinum No. 14 on A. saccharum No. 163 on A. leucoderme Erineum luteolum, auct. Pocket-gall (Eriophyes quadripes)..No. 1oonA. sacchari- num No. 8 on A. rubrum Pouch-gall (Eriophyes acericola)...No.17onA. saccharum No: t1.0n A..sacehagar num No. 164 on A. leucoderme —_—- — REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 125 Alnus alnobetula (mountain alder) fa erineuim alnigentm Link no. 18 “ frequens in follis Alni undulatae ” (= viridis or alnobetula) Schweinitz ’34, no. 2800 Pa. Placed under section Phyllerium, with simple trichomes. Alnus glutinosa ? (European alder) 23 Eriophyes brevitarsus Fockeu, making an erineum on species of Alnus, has been recorded from North America by Nalepa, Das Tierreich, Lief. 4, page 8 (1898) ; see Banks ’07. As that paper is not accessible to me I am unaware whether it was found on the introduced or a native alder, and am indebted to Professor Banks for the reference. Connold 1go1 [ Brit. Veg. Galls, p.130, pl. 49], describes the Euro- pean gall. on A. glutinosa, as a Dlisterlike swelling on the upper surface of the leaf often involving the veins and midrib, smooth and glossy above, beneath slightly pubescent. He indicates in the synonymy Erineum alneum Persoon and Phyl- lerium alnigenum Kunze; these appear from the descrip- tions to be quite different from each other [see the preceding]. E. ane ata Persoon, 22: no. 21 is described (from A. gluti- nosa) as a Grumaria, thus having the trichomes capitate, which distinguishes it from the following forms. Alnus incana (speckled alder) *24 A white frostlike erineum on under side of leaf, in the axils of the veins. Trichomes dense, pellucid. Jarvis ’07, p.63, first sp. Ont. Specimens are in the State Herbarium from Fort Edward [see — Peck 1869, 22d Rep’t, p.1o1, Erineum alnigerum], Catskill mountains and Albia (Professor Peck) labeled Erineum lime eri “Kunze, “aiuters trou -E . alneum. Pers.” and “near E. tortuosa but hypophyllous and colored.’ These specimens are orange to rusty brown (dried) and in some the gall covers nearly the entire under surface. N.Y. Very probably identical with our no. 22, E. alnigenum. POree. almeum see the preceding. The description:of E. tortuosum is not accessible to me; very likely it is the fol- lowing. 126 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 25 Small reddish or whitish flat woolen patches (crn on the upper side of the leaves. Hagen ’85, no. 30 (Erineum alnigerum) N.H. Differs from the preceding in position, but may be the same. Persoon ’22, no. 11 describes an E. alni-incani gmdereme section Phyllerium that may be one of these forms. *26 A small red pubescent pocket-gall on leaf. Jarvis ’07, p.60, third sp. Ont. Specimens from Shushan. (F. Dobbin) and Remsen? (I. L. Nixon), at first green or yellowish; doubtfully from Lyons pond, Nassau, Rensselaer co. Nie This may be compared with the galls of Erio phyes taey ae (Nalepa) on Alnus glutinosa ; see Connold 1got, British Vegetable Galls, p.140, pl. 54. Alnus rugosa (serrulata) (smooth alder) *27 Small remote pocket-galls on the upper side of the leaf. (Perhaps same as preceding). Hagen ’85, no. 31 3 Western States A form agreeing fairly with this description, but more crowded and projecting on both sides of leaf, was collected between Albany and Schenectady. aS Hagen’s. no. 32, “a hypertrophy of. the female aments by a fungus,” from the west, included in his list because Baron Osten- Sacken thought it acarideous, is I believe now fully recognized as a fungus-gall. This remarkable deformation has been collected on Alnus incana at Lyons pond, Nassau, Rensselaer county, N.Y. No mites were found in or on the gall. . Amelanchier canadensis (service-berry) 28 A dimple (?) similar to a Phrygian cap, with the tip rolled down, on the upper side of the leaf, rarely below. Older stage (?). larger, yellowish, tip open and woolly. Hagen ’85, no. 33 and ? no. 34 Mass. Amelanchier rotundifolia 1 (round-leaved Juneberry) 29 Small, nearly globular, dark brown pocket-galls, averaging 2 mm in diameter, singly or,in clusters on the upper side of the leaf; beneath pubescent and protuberant. Jarvis ’08, p.92, second sp., pl.D, fig. Ont. 1 Jarvis erroneously refers this to Amelanchier canadensis in his explanation of the plate. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 127 , Ampelopsis (sp?) (ampelopsis) 30 A “nail-gall” (pouch-gall) on the leaves tapering to both extremities and resembling strongly our no. 17. | Garman ’83, p.135 (mention) 3 (Southern ?) Garman speaks of this as described by Professor Riley, but I am unable to locate the latter’s account. Possibly it is represented by Banks’ figure 195, Treatise on Acarina, page 103, in which case the species is Ampelopsis cordata, the simple-leaved Ampelopsis. | Amygdalus persicae (peach) | Geter ciiver sheed on the leaf, due to Phyllocoptes cornutus Banks. Banks 1905. Wash. Ent. Soc. Proc. VI1:141 INGy. aero 07. N:Y. Aor: bxp Sta. Bul. 283, no. 15 Professor Parrott reports this from Shortsville. INEZ S Anemone virginiana ? (tall anemone) *22? A golden brown erineum on the under (?) side of the leaf, observed at an elevation of 2700 feet on Blackhead mountain in the Catskills, last of June. As the description and identification are from memory, the specimen being lost, this must be regarded as a doubtful form. NeyY? Aristolochia macrophylla (sipho) (Dutchman’s pipe) 33° A small woolen capsule (?) on the under side of the leaf, with a small rounded woolly opening above. Not certainly Acarian. nilicen’ O5; lO. 35 - Mass. Aronia nigra (black chokeberry) CPytus- melanocarpa ) 34 Tiny specklike capsule galls on the leaves, aos when mature, 1esembling no. 59 on Crataegus. , - Jarvis ’08, p.o4, first sp. Ont. Apparently the first form BO on aie host. Artemisia sp. (wormwood) 35 A bud deformation of black globes of densely crowded fila- ments. aie a) Hagen 85, no. 36 | New Eng. 128 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Betula lenta (carpinifolia) (sweet birch) *36 A crimson red erineum, turning to ochreous, in straight beady lines, midway between the ribs or closely bordering the ribs, or both, on upper side of leaf. Trichomes capitate. schweinitz ’34, no. 2809 (Erineum lineola jee Specimens in the State Herbarium from the Helderbergs (Pro- fessor Peck) labeled E. lineolum. There seems to be no doubt of the identification; de Schweinitz’s description is full and precise. Also from Gravel pond, Grafton, Rensselaer co. IN. ¥e 37 A rosy pink erineum in large patches on the upper side of the leaf. Garman ’92, no. 17 . N.H. Jarvis ’07, p.63, fifth sp. Ont. Possibly a spreading form of the preceding. Betula lutea (yellow birch) 38 A bud deformation, crowded and irregular, often in bunches of large size. : Hagen ’85, no. 37 . Mass. Jarvis ’07, p.59, seventh sp., pl.A, fig. 6 Ont. Betula nigra (red birch) 39 Erineum- Detulinum kink no: 26: Schweinitz ’34, no. 2804 Pa. Placed under Erineum proper, with capitate trichomes, and simi- larly under Grumaria by Persoon ’22: no. 17, who describes it as “effusum planiusculum primo subgrumosum albidum, purpureum et roseum, dein rubiginosum obscurum. Cresc. in utraque pagina fol. Betulae albae, sed magis in superiore, praesertim si colore est rubro. Huc pertinent ut varietates E. betulinum roseum et pur- pureum auctorum.”’ 40 Hrinéum rosenm lank no, 25. trequens. Schweinitz ’34, no. 2803 Pa; Gar Persoon considered this a color variety of the preceding, as will be seen from the above quotation. Loew, Verh. der k. k. zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien 1885: 455, 461 describes E. roseum Schultz as forming small irregular, mostly elongated, crummy patches of a blood-red color upon the upper surface of the leaves (of B. alba, humilis and pubescens); in the early summer carmine red. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 129 41 A pocket (?) gall, chiefly on the upper side of the leaf, often confluent. Walsh ’64, p.608, and ’67, p.256 16) Ate (Hagen ’85, p.29) Betula papyrifera (paper birch) 42 A yellowish white to brownish erineum forming large patches between the ribs on the under side of the leaf. Trichomes capitate, rather long. Garman ’92, no. 14 7 N_H. Jarvis ’07, p.62, fifth sp. Ont. *43, A nodular pocket-gall, occurring upon both faces of the leaf; yellowish or reddish to purplish; those on the under surface finely pubescent. With preceding. Garman ’92, no. 15 NE: Jarvis ’07, p.60, fourth sp. Ont. Specimens from North mountain, near the Catskill Mountain House. NEY s Betula populifolia (American white birch) *44 A bright rusty erineum lining dimples on the under side of the leaf; dark brown or brick-red when dry. Trichomes capitate. Pes oO, p10r( i timewim aureum Pers.) NENG: German O2..no., 10; figs. Ne Be Professor Peck’s. specimens from Fort Edward, as above, are in the State Herbarium, also others from Nassau (Peck) labeled Pe Pett iiniin Kkebi see Our no. 39. E. aureum was described irom Populus nigra and P. fastigiata,-(Per- soon ’22: no. 23), and appears quite another thing. Betula pumila (low birch) 45 A transparently white, granular erineum on the surface of the leaves. Jarvis ’07, p.63, fourth sp. Ont. ‘Betula sp. 46 Erineum semydophilum Link no. 11, “in foliis betulinis Horti.” Schweinitz ’34, no. 2798 Pa. Placed under section Phyllerium with simple trichomes, which distinguishes it from any of the preceding forms on birch. Appar- ently not in Persoon. — 5 130 _ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Castanea sativa (European chestnut) | 47 A small capsule gall on the leaf, more or less spherical, but hemispherical when along side of a vein, diameter 2 to 3 mm; at first green, becoming brown. Jarvis ’08, p.93, second sp. Ont. Said to be common, but apparently never before recorded in Americé. Celtis occidentalis (hackberry) *48 A witch-broom gall on branches and twigs, produced by an Eriophyes associated with the fungus Sphaerotheca. Cook ’04, p.862, fig. 52 Ind. Kellerman and Swingle ’88. Jour. of Mycology, IV :94 Kan. Reported (photograph) from Brooklyn (J. J. Levison) N. Cephalanthus occidentalis (Gatenbuch) 49 Clusters of small protuberances (dimples?) on the upper side of the leaf, 1 to 3 mm high, paler or reddish; beneath with a white pubescence. The mite is Eriophyes cephalanthi Cook. Jarvis 08, p.9o2 (Eriophyes cephalanthi) \9me This seems quite different from the following. Professor Jarvis (in litt.) informs me that he has found this mite, originally described by Cook from Cuba, in nearly every state from Ontario to Louisiana. 50 A pocket-gall like that on Salix nigra, see our no. 134. Usually very abundant on leaves. Walsh 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila. Proc. I1:608 and aa idem VI:286 . HL ee 85, p.20) Citrus aurantium (orange) 51 Brownish rust spots on the rind, and curled leaves lacking gloss, due to Phyllocoptes oleivorus (Ashmead) © Ashmead 1879, Can. Ent. XI:160 (Typhlodromus oiliioorus) "Fila. Garman "83, p.t24.(Phytoptus obeiy6£m sp (Hagen ’85, p.22) Banks ’04. Treatise on Acarina, p.105 (Eriophyes oleivorus) Fla., Cal. Parrott.’o7. oN, Y, Aentcc Exp. Sta. Bul 263s mora Banks ’o7. Catalogue of Acarina, p.621,..Phyllo> coptes olervoris REPORT. OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 13h Citrus medica limon (lemon) 52 Whitened or silvery spots on the rind, and curled leaves, caused by same mite as the preceding. See no. 51 for references. Clematis sp. (virgin’s bower) 53 Small, short whitish tubes, open at end, in crowded patches on leaves, bud stalks and buds. Hagen ’85, no. 40 , Wash. Cornus canadensis (bunchberry) 54 An erineum in small blackish spots on upper side of leaf. Hagen ’85, no. 41 NEL. Corylus americana (hazelnut) *55 A bud deformation, checking further development as soon as it has begun to expand. The mite is Eriophyes avellanae (Nalepa) [see Connold ’o1, Brit. Veg. Galls, p.126, pl. 47]. Specimens from Nassau (Dr Felt) and Albany, (Mr Young) N.Y. I am indebted to Professor Parrott for the identification of this interesting addition to our fauna first brought in by Dr Felt. Crataegus coccinea (red haw) 56 “ Spinulose blackish galls on the upper side of the leaf.” Hagen 85, no. 44 | Mass. Crataegus crus-galli (cockspur thorn) 57 Leat curls. bliseek mes ies 43) Ncarus crataegi vermi- culus) Til. CWialshoo tnt. soe Puila- Proc. Vl:227, Crataegi vermirewlus) Doubtfully from Nassau, Rensselaer co. _ IN-Y. Crataegus punctata (large-fruited hawthorn) ra Brineum pytacanthae Link no. 34, “in folits.” Schweinitz ’34, no. 2807 i Pa. Described by Persoon ’22, no. 18 from Cotoneaster pyra- ¢antha and placed by both in the section with capitate trichomes. Color reddish. 132 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 59 A capsule-gall, very small, green to brown, and abundant on the leaves. | jarvis 707, p01; sixth Sp: Ont. Resembles the galls of Eriophyes crataegi [Connold ’or, Brit. Veg. Galls, p.132, pl.jo], on Crataegus oxy aCGateoeee Crataegus tomentosa (pearthorn) 60 Leaf curls, same as our no. 57. Hagen ’85, no. 42 (Acarus crataegi vermicu- lus) Ill. (Walsh "67; p-227, -C rate es 1 iy Ca nic ila Crataegus sp. 61 Long serpentine leaf-folds disposed radially, convex on upper surface, green and red. ‘jarvis, (07,(p:60,-secoud sp ..pe AG ie Ont. Perhaps the same as the preceding. Dasystoma flava (downy false foxglove) (Gerardia flava) 62 “ Deformation of the leaf.” Hagen ’85, no. 49 Mass. Diospyros virginiana (persimmon) 63 An erineum in numerous small patches on the upper side of the leaf. Hagen ’85, no. 45 pee Euphorbia corollata (flowering spurge) 64 A deformation of the leaves and flower buds. Cook 1904, Ohio Naturalist, IV :115, fig. 70-72. Ind.? Fagus americana (ferruginea) (American beech) *65 A golden rusty to dark brown erineum ou the under side of the leaf between the veins. Trichomes capitate. Dry speci- mens are deep chocolate to black. Peck .’69, p.101 (Erineum fagineum) No Hagen 785, no. 47 (Erineum ferrugiieiaee Nie -Garman ’92; no. 20 Ky., Mich., Mass. ?Trotter ’03, p.66, no. 13, fig.9. [Sce our no. 164%] we ee eee ae REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 133 Specimens in the State Herbarium from Fort Edward (Professor Peck) as above, Catskill mountains (Peck) “club broader and mere anmipt, aud Melt House, Lewis co. (Peck) labeled E. fagineum. Collected at Normansville (Mr Gillett), Gravel pond near Grafton, and Catskill: Ney Hagen’s “E. ferrugineum” is evidently a slip by con- fusion with the old specific name of the host. 65% Erineum fagineum Link no. 32. Schweinitz ’34, no. 2806 MC o Pa: Placed by de Schweinitz (and by Persoon ’22: no. 16) in the section with capitate trichomes. Described by Persoon from Fagus sylvatica; his description seems more applicable to the following than the preceding as he says: “in foliis _magis versus marginem superiorem. Ab initio album.” Loew, however, (Vienna 1885) describes it as “ausnahmslos auf der unteren seite der Blatter,” (of F. sylvatica). I do not know which form de Schweinitz had before him; he does not name the host, but the latter is assumedly our native species. *66 A whitish or golden yellow to brown erineum on the upper side of the leaf between or following the veins. Trichomes capi- tate. Perhaps a form of no. 65. Garman ’92, no. 19, fig. 5 ee NUP Miche Specimens from Blackhead mountain at 1850 feet in the Cats- kills, from Catskill, and near Grafton. NEY? This may be compared with the Erineu.n nervisequum of Persoon ’22, no. 22, Loew ’85, p.456, occurring on the European species of beech. Fagus sylvatica (European beech) 67 A frosty, white erineum in large patches on the under side of the leaf. Trichomes spherically capitate. | - Jarvis ’07, p.62, fourth sp., pl.B, fig. 4 Ont. This agrees closely with Loew’s description of Erineum ~fagineum [Verhandlung der k.k. zool.-bot. Gesellschaft in ~ Wien, 1885, p.456]; see under no. 65%. Probably identical with our no. 65, and possibly Jarvis cited hee exotic beech by an over- ‘é sight, as he Ee it is “ very common.’ 134 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Fraxinus americana (white ash) 68 Elongated capsules or vein-galls on the leaves, pinkish above, whitish below, on one side of the vein. Opening underneath, pubescent within. Mites very abundant. Jarvis "07; p:61, first 'sp.,pl.. A, ee Ont. *69 Typical capsule-galls, small, irregularly circular and light green in color, on the leaf, the aperture below. Garman ’83,-p.137 (Phytoptus sp.) Ill. Cook ’04, p.862 (mention) Ind. Jarvis. (07; p62 (Eriop hy es itax ia) Ont Jarvis refers this to Garman’s Phytoptutus fraxin gee Garman describes the mite as very different and distinctly sepa- rates the two. Jarvis says: “upon white ash glabrous,’ Garman: “a slight clothing of white hairs.” ~ See ne: 71: Specimens from New York city (Mr L. H. Joutel) and Pough- keepsie (Mr Nixon). N.Y. *70 A deformation of the terminal buds, their development arrested, producing a mass of small twisted leaf ends. Garman ’83, p.137 (mention) Tl. Felt 1907, Park & Woodland Trees I1:633 (Erio- phyes itaxturhiora) WN: Ye Specimens from Albany; recorded also from Brooklyn. N.Y. This resembles a fungoid growth, like that on Alnus rugosa, but Dr Felt assures me that he has seen tesa He considers that it is the staminate flowers which are affected, hence his name for the species. Fraxinus lanceolata (viridis) (green ash) 71 A small, light green capsule-gall on the leaf, sometimes irregular or confluent. Opening beneath, pubescent. The mite is Brioplyes-ira x, Garman 92 nor 2 Shei Va:, Ill., Ky. Fresh specimens from Lyons pond near Nassau, Rensselaer co., are green to pinkish; the mites are very abundant and light brown- ish. os Populus grandidentata (large toothed aspen) 83 A white to dark brown erineum or dimple-g -gall on the under side of the leaf. Trichomes granular. Jarvis ’07, p.63, third sp. Ont. *84 A small green or red pocket-gall (?) on the upper side of the leaf, open below and lined with granules. Jarvis ’07, p.60, eighth sp. Ont. . | | REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 13g - Specimens from West Athens referred to this, appear as button- like knobs slightly constricted at base and widely open below. Trichomes coarsely granular and distorted. The whole green when fresh, turning brown. Also from North mountain, near the Catskill Mountain House. | | BAN: Populus heterophylla (downy poplar) 85 (?) A rib-gall on the main vein, believed to be Phytoptid. Specimen from Newfoundland village (L. H. Joutel). Nae Populus nigra, var. italica (Lombardy poplar) 86 A large deep, sharply defined dimple, green, orange-yellow within, 4 to 12 mm in diameter, 2 to 5 mm deep, convex toward the upper surface of the leaf. Jarvis ’08, p.93, third sp., pl. D, fig. 3 Ont. Populus tremuloides (American aspen) *87 An olive-buff to olive-brown erineum or dimple, slightly indented on the under side of the leaf, up to 6.5 mm in diameter, one to eight of these on a leaf. Trichomes coarsely capitate or calyculate. ; : Specimens from Albany, and in the State Herbarium from Shandaken (Professor Peck) labeled Erineum aureum, and “neither aureum nor populinum according to Greville,” and from Center, now Karner, Albany county (Peck) labeled Pe-tutecum. and not tike auteum as figured in Greville.” : N.Y. Primenum auteuny Persoon ’22, no, 23, is described from Peanulestteta and P.ofastigiata and placed in the sec- tion Taphria (Taphrina) having the trichomes fused into a crust: it is evidently different from this. Peiaemm pe pul inuim Persoon ’22, no. 20, placed unde Grumaria with trichomes capitate, is described from P. tremula as “cespitulis orbicularibus immersis grumosis opacis spadiceis,”’ which agrees passably with the present form. 88 Dimples “on the leaves on the upper side lined with-spherical granules, reddish or greenish in color.’ The galls are green, three to four to a leaf, 2 to 3 mm in diameter. Jarvis ’07, p.60, sixth sp. Ont. May be the same as the preceding, but the description is am- biguous and gives the impression that this gall is the reverse of that. 138 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM *89q Both edges of the leaf inrolled toward each other on the upper surface. The mites not observed, but believed to be Phytoptid. Compare the work of Eriophyes tetratrichus (Nalepa) on Tilia europaea [Connold ’o1, Brit. Veg. Gails, Pp. 166, pl. 67]. Specimens from Albany (Mr Young). | Nivea *go A deformation of stem and twigs producing large irregular galls, the “ Knospenwucherungen ” of the Germans. The mite is Kriophyes populi (Nalepa). Nalepa, Vienna 1890, 43, pl. 3, fig. a Banks 407, pio21 anda lak N.Y., Col; tdaie Jarvis ’08, p.93, sixth sp. Ont. Occurs in Europe on Populus tremula; this is Caly- cophthora populi Amerling and Batoneus popes Kirchner. Professor Banks (in litt.) gives me the New York record, “Lebanon Springs, July 11, 1895, W. H. Harrison.” Potentilla canadensis (five-finger) gi A whitish erineum resembling minute tufts of grass, numer- ous on both sides of the leaf. Trichomes simple. Garman ’92, no. 3, fig. 3 igs Potentilla pennsylvanica (prairie cinquefoil) 92 “Erineum on the leaves; somewhat doubtful.” Hagen.?85, no. 753° = Saskatch. Compare with the preceding. Prunus americana (wild plum) *93 A very long, slender pouch-gall, green or whitish, on the under side of the leaf. The mite is probably Eriophyes pruni Schoene mss, (Parrott ‘07, N.Y. Agric. Exp. “Stay 283, no. 13), which Professor Banks (im litt.) would refer to E. pruni-crumena [Walsh 1868, Ill. rst Rep’t, p.55] Banks, Catalogtie of Acarina, p.621. Specimens from Normansville, Albany co. NM ? Jarvis ’07, p.61, third sp. Ont. Jarvis’s description implies that his gall was on the upper side of the leaf; otherwise it agrees with this. it len | ne REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 139 Prunus angustifolia (Chickasaw plum) 94. A pocket-gall on the leaves, elongated and purselike on the lower side, tomentose; above rounded and hairy. Lintner 66 N.Y: State Mus. soth An. Rep’t, p.318, 350 ae Dr Lintner suggests that the mite is “Phytoptus pruni Pumrer|.”’ Prunus domestica (plum) *95 A tubercular growth encircling base of buds and shoots, caused by Eriophyes phloeocoptes (Nalepa). Jarvis ’07, p.59 Ont. Banks ’04, p.105 Parrott ‘07, no. 14. US: A widely distributed pest. The N. Y. citations will be given in the forthcoming check list of Acarida. Prunus maritima (beach plum) 06 “ Deformation of the leaves.” Hagen ’85, no. 54 Mass. 97 Long pedunculated black pouch-galls on the upper side of the leaves. Hagen 85, no. 55 Mass. 98 A smaller and shorter stalked, green pouch-gall on (the upper side of) the leaves. Same as our no. 100. | Hagen ’85, no. 56 Mass. Prunus pennsylvanica (pin cherry) 99 Reddish, slender pouch-galls, somewhat irregular and pu- bescent. | Jarvis ’08, p.94, third sp. Ont. Except for the pubescence, this is of the type of the following. Prunus serotina (wild black cherry) *to0 A green or rosy red pouch-gall on the upper side of the leaf, rupturing when old. The mite is believed by Professor Parrott to be Eriophyes padi (Nalepa) var. Wels oro7 Ent Soc Phila, Proc. Vi:226, (Cerasi erumena) Ill. 140 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Hagen ’85, no. 58 . West Point, N.Y. Beutenmiuller ’92. Am. Mus. Bul. IV :278, pl: 16, fig. 7 (ACariws. sere cima]: N.Y. city Beutenmiller ‘o4. Amer. Mus. Jour: TV, no. 87)3a= | : Le © Cook ’04, p.858, fig. 49 (Acarus serotinae) ime Jatvis 07, p66" Cartophyes Séro tlic Ont. Banks ’07, Catalogue of Acarina, p.621, Eriophyes SeTrotin ae Specimens from Pon neeenee (Mr Nixon) and Catskill; ob- served on Blackhead mountain, Catskills, at 3360: feet. 1p de Specimens from Pownal’ (Mr Burnham). Ve 1o1 A pocket-gall (?) shorter and more densely crowded than the preceding. (Compare our no. 104). Hagen ’85, no. 59 Col: 102 Leaf deformation, same as our no. 96. Hagen °85,n0. 57, n0.or Md., Mass. Prunus virginiana (chokecherry) ‘103: rine tm?) pf Ua , schwellitz sino. ae “ nervos sequens. An hujus generis? Floccis longis subrectis utrinque cir- cum nervum folii centralem densissime sitis, in pagina aversa colore badio-ferrugineo, ad 2-3 linearem longitudinem extensis nec intricatis aut saltem parum. Demum etiam circum nervos secun- darios apparet.”’ 3 Schweinitz ’34, no. 2802 Noa Placed under Phyllerium, with simple trichomes. De Schwein- itz’s specimens were “sent by Halsey,” exact locality not stated. No one else seems to have recognized’ this form; is it possible that the describer was deceived by the normal pubescence seen on several species of Prunus? cé *104 A green or reddish pouch-gall on the upper side of the leaf, differing from no. 100 in lacking the funnel form shape to the aperture. Often much crowded. Jarvis ’07, p. 61, second sp., pl. A, fig. 2 Ont. Specimens from Catskill. Nay Prunus sp. Fos. “A> very: large erineum, om 2a Se pS p< Hagen ’85, no. 60 Mass. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 I41 106 Small yellow pocket-galls, crowded on the upper side of the leaves and around some stalks. Hagen 85, no. 62 Wash. This may be compared with the galls of Eriophyes simi- lisonPrunus spinosa, in Europe [see Connold ’ot. Brit. Veg. Galls, p.162, pl.65]. Compare also with our no. Iot. Pyrus communis (pear) *107 The well known “leaf-blister,’ reddish, green to black, o1 the upper side of the leaf, caused by Eriophyes pyri (Pag.) The same gall also harbors Epitrimerus pyri and ras, beeoptes sclilectendali of Nalepa. Garman: 63, p25, '40, fig:-24, 25 a Saigo e (Hagen ’85, p.22) @eonnold or. Brit. Ver. -Galls, ‘p.150,. pl.59) Ramo O72 N.Y) Aone, hxp.-stay Bul. 283, no. 10 and p-291 ; many figures tareviten, Can Wel. sa. oN. Vin. Ny. dd.5-Cal.; Or: Jarvis ’07, p.60 ioe One. Occurs “throughout most of the pear-growing region” accord- ing to Professor Banks. New York citations will be given in the forthcoming check list of Acarida. Pyrus (Malus) coronaria (American crab apple) 108 An erineum on the under side of the leaf. Hagen ’85, no. 63 1B Ie Pyrus (Malus) malus (apple) *tog The “leaf blister,’ same as our no. 107, and also pimples | and pockmarks on the fruit, produced by Eriophyes pyri eee ..or pyri variolata. (Nal.).and harboring E. matitoliae “Patrott and eee eerie scibechtem- dali Nalepa. PP dieonin OF... =Vo. Nore sis xp: Sta: Bul. 2530 Os LO, p.291, 311; many figures WEY. es 07, p.60 Ont. This gall is probably as widely distributed on the apple as on the pear, but is not recorded. The check list of Acarida will give _ the New York localities in full. I42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Quercus alba (white oak) *t10o A yellowish green dimple, convex on the upper surface of the leaf, lined within with a whitish or brownish fuzz. Perhaps the same as our no. I12. Specimens from Kenwood, Albany co. N.Y Quercus coccinea (scarlet oak) 111 A dense mat of brown hairs (erineum) in large patches on inestinder side.of the teat. Jarvis ’07, p.63, second sp. Ont. This may be compared with our no. 117. Quercus macrocarpa (bur oak) 112 A large greenish yellow dimple, slightly convex above, beneath filled with a dense brown pubescence. Sometimes turned inside out forming velvety buttons under the leaf. The mite is Briophywes “que tici *CGarman)= Garman $2, p.128-(P hy toptisiqueres Ind: HE (Parrott 07: N.Y. Agric. Exp. Sta, Bull 283) nem Jatvis 07, por (EE niophyes Giver en) Ont. Jarvis describes the pubescence as white, and the galls as yellowish red when old. Possibly his form is distinct. Quercus minor (obtusiloba) (post oak) 113 “ Deformation of leaves on the margin.” Hagen ’85, no. 65 DA Quercus nana (bear oak) *tr4 A snuff brown erineum in large patches on the under side of the leaf, filling the space between veins. ‘Trichomes simple, fine, matted, much like the normal tomentum of the leaf except that each tuft of three or four hairs is elevated on a common stalk. Appears similar to the form (no. 117) on QO, velutina, witches glabrous species. Specimens in the State Herbarium from Center, now Karner, Albany county (Professor Peck) labeled “E. quercinu mie probably.” See our no. 118. N.Y. Specimens from Glen Lake, Warren county (Mr Burnham) N.Y. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 T43 Quercus platanoides (bicolor) (swamp white oak) 115 Very small pocket-galls, crowded upon the upper side of the leaf. Hagen 85, no. 64 Conn. Quercus rubra (fed oak) *116 A brown erineum on the under side of the leaf. Trichomes fine, simple, matted. The mites are very numerous, white or pinkish. Specimens from the Indian Ladder, Helderbergs (Mr Burn- ham). NEN? Specimens in the State Herbarium from Sand Lake (Professor Peck), and a single loose leaf without data, marked “E. quer-. cinum probably,” have larger patches with some light or whitish portions. See our no. 118, and the following. Quercus velutina (black oak) *t177 A velvety red erineum on the under side of the leaf, the young parts greenish. Trichomes simple, matted. Specimens in the State Herbarium from Buffalo (Mr Clinton) lgpeled Frineunr quercinum. NEVE Although more brilliantly colored than the preceding it is struc- _turally the same with that, with no. 114, and probably also no. 111. Misetner tiese are tie true *Erineum quercinum I can not determine; see the following. 3 Specimens from South mountain, Catskills. NES Quercus sp. Mo sagtikeuim, iret oi mim «link ne:.7, “im folus,” Schweinitz ’34, no. 2796 Pas Placed in Phyllerium, having simple trichomes. Persoon ’22, no. 5, describes this as “cespitulis immersis laxis rufescente- pallidis nitidis. Fila compressa, intricata, mollia. Hab. in fol. Pacer cus pubescentis. Phylleriuwm quercinum Kunze.” This agrees passably with the preceding forms referred to it by Professor Peck (nos. 114, 116, 117). mo i iee wd quiercus-cinereae Schwein. (no> 6). Schweinitz ’34, no. 2801 | N.C, Placed in Phyllerium, the trichomes therefore simple, 144 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 120 “ Deformation of leaf on margins.” “Hagen! (85, no. 66 Mex. Compare our no. I13. | 121 An oval, somewhat woolly, gall on the upper side of the leaf. Not further described. Hagen ’85, no. 67 Col. Rhus radicans (toxicodendron) (poison ivy) 122 An erineum on the leaves. Hagen ’85, no. 68 . Mass. ize lmeetiiar rounded dimple-galls, convex on the upper (or under) side of the leaf, green to red or purple in color, usually confluent into granular heaps; inside clothed with white trichomes. Garman ’83, p.134 ae) Cook ’04, p.862 Ind. Jarvis 707, p:00, seventh sp.-plo ay tis. Ont. Observed at Leeds and Catskill Ni Salix alba (white willow) *t24 Small thickenings or inrollings of the leaf margin, green, scattered or coalescent. Apparently the form figured by Connold ’o1 [Brit. Veg. Galls, p.148, pl. 58]as the work of Eriophyes marginatus, on the same species of willow. Specimens from Albany (Mr Gillett) N.Y. Possibly this is the Brittle willow (Salix fragilts) ore hybrid between S. alba and S. nigra, as it differs somewhat i OMn core relia 125 (See Nowl27~ Salix amygdaloides (peach-leaved willow) *126 Very small crimson red pocket-galls or semicapsules on the leaves, much crowded. Specimens from Irving, Chautauqua co. Nee Salix balsamifera (balsam willow) 127 Small irregular, serrate and roughened pocket-galls or semi- capsules, green or red, usually on the upper side of the leaf; beneath sometimes impressed, more often projecting. Occurs on Salix alba; balsamifera, diseolhor and. rostrata. Jarvis ‘07, p:60,. as“ Eriophyes salitola jag man ” Ont. _ REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST IQO7 145 Jarvis’s identification with Garman’s form is probably erroneous ; the galls are very different, see our no. 131. The same error ap- pears to have been made by Cook for no. 136. Probably no. 129 was intended. Salix bebbiana (rostrata) (Bebb’s willow) 128 See no. 127. ; Salix cordata (heart-leaved willow) 129 A purple or.pale green capsule-gall, projecting either above or below the leaf, or both. Neanman 63 p:137.(Phytoptus sp.) Il. This seems to agree well with the foregoing, and may be the cause of the confusion indicated. Salix discolor (pussy willow) 130 The same as no. 127. Jarvis ’07, p.6o Ont. Our specimens, believed to be this form, are strongly pilose above and thickly pubescent beneath, the aperture with swollen pro- truding margin, agreeing closely with the galls of Eriophyes Set ertctx Jtaevis (Nalepa), on Salix capreéa. of, Europe, figured by Connold ’or fErt Ves. Galls; p. 164; pl. 66]. From Gravel pond near Grafton, Rensselaer co., and from Catskill, } | | | Nee Salix fluviatilis (longifolia) (long-leaved willow) *131 A leaf deformation consisting of one or two narrow longi- tudinal upward folds extending lengthwise of the leaf, opening by a slit below. Color, yellowish green to brown. The mite is Erio- phyes salicicola (Garman). Gatiian Ss, paige, .Phytoptus salicicola Ne Parrott 07. N. Y. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul. 283, no. 2 Specimens from Irving, Chautauqua co. Ney Salix fragilis (?) (brittle willow) 132 Deformation of leaf and twig, usually clustered near the terminus, whitish green at first, turning grayish black by winter. Jarvis ’08, p.93, first sp., pl. D, fig. 5 Ont. This is unquestionably “Salicis aenigma” (our no. 133) on a new host if Jarvis’s identification of the latter in the ex- plantation of plates is correct, But why not 5, nigra? 146 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Salix nigra (black willow) 133 A bud deformation of the flower catkins (fide Walsh 64, p.608) and leaf buds or parts of leaves (fide Cook) producing a large irregular crumpled mass, or core covered with filaments. Walsh ‘64. Ent.. Soc. Phila. Proc. III, no. 15, p. 576,60e: (Saliters ra.e ni sma) Ill. Walsh ’67, idem VI, no. 15, p.227 Hagen "85; no. 69° (Sia hicis a enigma) Tite Osborn and. Underwood 286... Can: Ent. XV Diieaee (Acard s 2 vent £i0a) ; Cook ’04, 859 (Acarus aenigma) Ind. Banks ’o07. Catalogue of Acarina, p.620 (Eriophyes aenigma) , Evidently a variable form, but Walsh’s and Cook’s descriptions are much at variance. Of course the name transferred from the gall to the undescribed mite has no standing. 134 A pocket or capsule-gall, irregularly hemispherical, green- ish yellow, with a projecting aperture; on either surface of the leaf but chiefly above. Walsh °64. Ent. Soc. Phila. Proc, II]: 576, 606,0anaee (Salicis semen) Ill. Walsh 67, idem VI: 226, no. 14 3 Hagen (85, no. 70 (Saliecis semen) Ill. Osborn and Underwood ‘86. Can. Ent. X VILL pea (Acarus? semen) Cook ’o4, p.858 (Acarus semen) Ind. Banks ’o7. Catalogue of Acarina, p.621 (Eriophyes Sem e i) This seems fully identical with no. 127, etc. The mite is un- described. Cook appears to have recognized this and the preceding on other species of willow, not specified. *135 Small and very crowded pocket-galls upon the leaves: Hagen ’85, no. 71 Wash. Specimens from Nassau, Rensselaer co. Ney: Salix sp. 136 “A small, rather irregular more or less spherical gall occur- ring in great abundance on the upper surface of the leaves.” Cook ’04, p.862 (Eriophyes salicicola) Ind. The identification is of course erroneous, see our nos. 127 and 131. Although Cook separated this from our no. 134, no distin- guishing marks are given, _— A. =| REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 147 137 A capsule-gall, raised about equally on both sides of the fear the mite is Cecidobia salicicola Banks. Banks. /O5."p.i42 (C. salicicola) Col. This also appears of similar type to the “Acarus semen” series. Nalepa [ Marcellia 5, p. 124] refers this supposed new genus to Phyllocoptes. : Forms of Mite-Galls on Salix 1 Bud deformation........ NG6.732 ons . Era'eilis NOGHs On S. nigra €Erioph yes ‘‘ae- Wicnmya-” ) 2 Longitudinal leaf folds...No. 1331 on S. fluviatilis (Eriophyes ate .eo la) 3 Inrolled leaf margins....No. 124 on S. alba (Eriophyes mar- Sinmatas'?) 4 Capsule or pocket-galls..No. 126 on S. amygdaloides . No. 627 0n 55,4. ls ain if era [No 125) Otho. ace Da NGS on o.* be b bia na ] No, 130°:0n S- discolor (ch Eriophyes Pet anil Gti Ete |) Nesazo-6n 5S: > cordata, {CPhytoptus sp. Garman) No. 134 on S. ator a C€Rrrvephyes ; Vsvemne me’) No, 25-0n S nas ra No. 4360.5 ...Sp: Nez is770n 5. sp. GCecidebia salicr- cola) | Sambucus canadensis (American elder) *138 The leaf margin rolled tightly upward and inward on both sides, bearing stout whitish or brownish trichomes within. A few dried mites were seen, not much longer than broad (shrunken?) and with rather coarse striae; probably a Phyllocoptes. Specimens from Albany (Mr Gillett). NEY: Sorbus americana (American mountain ash) *139 A light brown or whitish erineum on the under side of the leaf, not crossing the midrib. Trichomes simple (?) Specimens in the State Herbarium from Ausable ponds (Pro- fessor Peck) N-Y: This may be compared with Erineum sorbeum, no, 8 of Persoon ’22 ) 148 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Spiraea salicifolia (American meadow-sweet) 140 Arrested development of the flower buds. The mite is an Eriophyes. Specimens from Kinistino, Saskatchewan, sent by Dr James Fletcher. Can. : Spiraea sp.? (spiraea) | 141 “ Probably Cephaloneon on the leaves ” Hagen 85,.no, 72 Mass. Statice armeria (?) (sea pink) (Plumbago sp.: Hagen) 142 An erineum (?) of very small black spots on the upper side of the leaves, similar to our no. 145. . Hagen ’85, no. 52 Cust This may be a fungus. Statice seems to be the only west coast form to which Hagen’s “ Plumbago” can refer. Thuja occidentalis (arbor-vitae) 143 A leaf deformation, covered with the eggs and skins. The mite, Eriophyes thujae (Garman) lives in the buds and under the leaves in winter, and on the leaves in summer, but may not often occasion serious damage or noticeable deformations. Garman 82, p.138, fig. 30 (Phytoptus thuwgiaaes 2H: ElagenV8s, ne. 74 Mass. Parrott."07, N.Y Agric: Expo Sta Bulle asses Tilia americana (basswood) *t44 Lobed or serrated green pouch-galls on the upper or rarely the lower side of the leaf. The miteis Eriophyes abnormis (Garman). — Garman ’83, p.134 (Phytoptus abnormts) Ek Hagen “85, a10..73 Us: Cook ’o4, p.860, fig. 51 Ind. Felt ’07. Park & Woodland Trees, I1:631 Neve Parrott 07. .N-Y.,Aeric. Exp.Sta. Bul 263, 0 7@. | Jarvis.@7,p/50,-pity, 5e.56 Ont. Specimens from Churchville, Monroe co., Rensselaer, Catskill, Normansville, and from Pownal (Mr Burnham). NUYS ¥e Recorded above from Albany, and is abundant in all parts of the State according to Professor Parrott (7 litt.). REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 : 149 Triadenum virginicum (matsh St John’s-wort) (Etodes virginica) 145 An erineum (?) of very fine and numerous black spots on the upper side of the leaves. Hagen ’85, no. 43 . ure! Oi Very probably a fungus. Ulmus americana (American white elm) *146 Small green to yellowish pocket-galls, more or less spherical, usually on the upper side of the leaves. The mite is Eriophyes ulmi (Garman). Garman ’83, p.137 (Phytoptus ulmi) it Cook ’o4, p.861 Ind. Pago 107. N.Y. Aesric. Exp. Sta. Bul. 283,.n0.5 Jarvis ’07, p.59, pl. B, fig. 5-6- Ont. Specimens from Catskill, and occurs at Geneva (Parrott in litt.). The mite is reported from Newport (Felt ’o2). NX Ulmus fulva (pubescens) (slippery elm) 147 A large pouch-gall (up to 2 cm) on the leaves. Differs from the preceding in its unusual size and in often commencing as a cone or deep dimple. | Jarvis ’07, p.63, sixth sp. Ont. This may be one of the three undescribed galls on elm enumer- ated by Walsh [Ent. Soc. Phila. Proc. VI:285]. *t4714 Irregularly lobed pubescent pouch-galls, resembling those on Tilia (no. 144), and much smaller than the preceding (3 to 6 mm), have occurred abundantly at Catskill this summer (1908), seriously affecting the leaves, although none were ob- served in the previous year. The mites are very numerous, cylindric and whitish. | by Be 148 A small greenish pocket-gall on the upper side of the leaves, quite similar to our no. 146, and probably made by the same mite. Specimens from Pownal (Mr Burnham). We Ulmus racemosa (rock elm) 149 The same as our no. 140. we Jars 07, p.59 (pl-B, fig. 5-6) Ont. I50 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 150 An erineum on the under side of the leaf. Color white (?). Trichomes simple, tangled. Jarvis ’07, p.62, first sp., pl.B, fig. 3 Ont. This probably is another of Walsh’s forms, and with E. ulmi completes the tally of three mite-galls on elm. Vaccinium sp. (blueberry) I51 Small round galls (capsules?) on the leaves. Hagen ’85, no. 75 Wash. Verbena hastata (blue vervain) *152 A white and pinkish frostlike erineum and leaf curl in- volving the whole plant and apparently very destructive. Mites not numerous, but a few were seen. Specimens from Nassau, Rensselaer co. N.Y. Mr G. L. Richard, State Taxidermist, informs me that he has seen this often. Viburnum dentatum (arrowwood) *153 Large, irregular lobed dimples, convex above, rarely re- versed, pubescent without, within with long slender white hairs. Specimens from Nassau and Lyons pond, Rensselaer co. N.Y. *t54 Identical with the following. Specimens from Genesee Valley Park, Rochester. N.Y: Viburnum pubescens (downy-leaved arrowwood) *155 Purplish discolorations along the veins, showing on both sides of the leaf and making a striking pattern. The mite is a remarkable form, with longitudinal rows of furbelows (scales), apparently referable to Callyntrotus, a genus not previously reported in America. Professor Banks (im litt.) agrees with this reference. See preceding. Specimens from Lyons pond, Rensselaer co. the entire bush affected. N:¥s Vitis bicolor (?) (winter grape) *156 An orange-brown to light chocolate (dry) erineum on the lower side of the leaf, not producing any noticeable depression. Specimens in the State Herbarium from Greenbush and Fort Edward (Professor Peck) [see Peck 21869, 22d -Rep’t, paom Erineum vitis, Poestenkill]. Ne The reference to E. vitis seems questionable on account of the absence of a depression or swelling. See our no, 160, REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 I5I Vitis cordifolia (frost grape) I57 Small semicircular or nearly circular “ wart-galls” (cap- sules?) along the veins, about 2 mm in diameter and but slightly elevated on either surface of the leaf. Above paler than the leaf, below with a white nipple surrounded by a furrow. Jarvis ’08, p.94, second sp. | Ont. 158? A gall of “Eriophyes sp.’ on this species is figured by Jarvis on plate D, figure 4, but not mentioned in the text. It is evidently quite distinct from the above, being from 5 to Io mm in diameter and with long white pubescence on the lower surface. 159 A green pouch-gall with irregular lobed top (as in that of E. abnormis), mostly upon the under side of the leaf. ‘ Not common.” Weis 07, p02 ( Etriophy es vitis.’) Ont. atic reterence of this to E- viiis seems to. be an error, [see the following] and the description is not greatly unlike the galls of the well known Phylloxera vastatrix (an Aphid), though more slender than the latter usually are. Vitis vinifera (grapevine) 160 An erineum on the under side of the leaf, causing a swell- ing above. Trichomes simple. The mite is Eriophyes vitis (Landois). Banks ’o4. Treatise on Acarina, p.106 Cal. Patron O74 N.Y Acetic. Exp. Sta, Bul 283) no:9 (Phy l- lerium vitis) This is probably the Erineum (Phyllerium) vitis of Schweinitz ’34, no. 2799 (Persoon ’22: no. 6). NGS aba: Persoon’s description indicates that the erineum is pinkish .and later brown. 161 A leaf curl, or warty, greenish elevations on the upper surface of the leaf, entirely smooth on the inner (under) side; becoming browned or reddened when old. Forbes 1885. 14th Ill. Rept, p.84 HL Referred doubtfully by Forbes to Eriophyes vitis, but the total absence of trichomes seems to distinguish it notably, moreover the mites differ somewhat. 7 Vitis sp. (?) (wild grape) 162 Forbes reports the preceding also on “ wild grapes ” in south- ern Illinois, (Garman). 152 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ADDENDA | Trotter’s paper in Marcellia 2:63. (“ Descrizione di varie galle dell’ America del Nord’’) having come to hand after the above list was largely in type, his additional forms are here appended, references to the others having been incorporated in the text. [See nos. 65 and 81] Acer leucoderme (white-bark maple) , 163 An erineum in scattered patches mostly on the under sur- face of the leaf and slightly dimpled, with a corresponding faint discoloration above. Trichomes same as those of E. pur- pulta.s.c ens eccapirate: | Drotter 03, p:04, 00.2 Ga. This seems to be of the same general type as our no. 14. 164 Slender pouch-galls on the upper side of the leaf. ikrotter..03, p63. 1@s i thes Ga. Probably referable to the work of Eriophyes acericola; see Our no. 17. Fagus americana (ferruginea) (American beech) 164%4 A sparse, somewhat dimpled erineum, of a rosy or vinose color, on the under side of the leaf, with a corresponding discoloration above. Trichomes unusually large, strongly capitate. oes Trotter 03; p:66. mo. 13, 158 Referred doubtfully to our no. 65, but presents some striking differences. | Hicoria pecan (pecan) Cary aro Livviase f Orin 165 A.narrow inrolling of the leaf-edges, especially toward the base; within with ridges, and tufts of hair. Trotter. (03,1 p105, 1010, ess Ky. Liquidambar styraciflua (sweet-gum) 166 A tawny or brown erineum on the under side of the leaf close to the petiole, in the angles between the veins. ‘Trichomes simple, cylindric, acuminate. . sl rotter ’o3;..p.66, 0. /14 NG Quercus palustris (swamp oak) 167 An erineum, mostly on the under side of the leaf, in the angles of the veins and also spreading along them. Color ashen. Trichomes simple, numerous, cylindrical, grouped in tufts. Trotter:"03, p.71; 110." 35, Me, 1a, tae Tenn. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 153 Quercus texana (Texan red oak) 168 Same as the preceding. | Pretier“o2, p-71, 10. 39 Tenn, Quercus velutina (black oak) 169 Same as the two preceding. Erotter 03, p:72, 10.43 Ae? The description indicates a form somewhat different from any _ on oak known to us; compare our no. 117 for differences. Sorbus americana (American mountain ash) Paynsca mer be ana 170 Leaf-blister, ascribed provisionally to Eriophyes pyri. [See our no. 107] Wroiter “09, .p:67,. 00.17 NC. Be opyat has been reported on mountain ash (Sorbus sieciupatia) in Murope. [See Parrott. ’o7] BIBLIOGRAPHY The abbreviated system of reference has been used in the list only for the oft-quoted papers mentioned in the introductory para- graphs, but for convenience the complete list of references is here given. . W. H. ASHMEAD Ashmead 1879 Injurious and Beneficial Insects Found on the Orange Trees of Florida. Canadian Entomologist, 11:159, 160 NATHAN BANKS Banks 1904 A. Treatise on the Acarina. U. S. National Museum Pro- ceedings 1382. 28:1-114 1905 Descriptions of some new mites. Entomological Society of Washington Proceedings, 7 :141 1907 A Catalogue of the Acarina. _ U. S. National Museum Pro- ceedings 1553. 32:595-625 WILLIAM BEUTENMULLER Beutenmiiller 1892 Catalogue of Gall-producing Insects. American Mu- seum Bulletin 4:278 1904 The Insect Galls of New York City. American Museum Journal 4:124 154 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM EDWARD T. CONNOLD | Connold rtgo1 British Vegetable Galls. Hutchinson & Co., London MELVILLE THURSTON COOK Cook 1902, 1904 Galls and Insects Producing Them. Ohio Naturalist, 2: 263-78; 4:115 ; ——— 1904 Insect Galls of Indiana. Indiana Department of Geology, Annual Report, 29 :801-62 E. PORTER FELT Felt 1907 Insects Affecting Park and Woodland Trees. N. Y. State Mu- seum Memoir 8, 2 :619-20, 630-31, 633-34, 713, 725, 745, 755 HARRISON GARMAN Garman 1883 The Phytopti and Other Injurious Plant Mites. Ento- mologist of Illinois, Annual Report, r2:123-27 1892 American Phytoptocecidii. Psyche, 6:241 H. A. HAGEN Hagen 1885 Collection of Phytoptocedia. Canadian Entomologist, 17: 21-29 TENNYSON D. JARVIS Jarvis 1907 Insect Galls of Ontario. Entomological Society of Ontario, Annual Report, 37:56-72 1908 Additional Insect Galls of Ontario. Entomological Society of Ontario, Annual Report, 38:85-94 — W. A. KELLERMAN AND W. T. SWINGLE Kellerman & Swingle 1888 New Species of Kansas Fungi. Journal of Mycology, 4:94 J. A. LINTNER Lintner 1889 in N. Y. State Museum Annual Report, 42:303 1896 Phytoptus ? pruni (Amerl). N. Y. State Museum Annual Report, 50:318, 350 DR FRANZ LOEW Loew 1885 Ueber neue und schon bekannte Phytoptocecidien; Verhandlung der k.k. zoologische-botanische Gesellschaft in Wien (Vienna). p.451-70 A, NALEPA Nalepa 1898 Eriophyidae (Phytoptidae) in “ Das Thierreich,” Lief. 4:8 P. J. PARROTT Parrott 1907 The Apple and Pear Mites. N. Y. Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 283 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 CHARLES H. PECK Peck 1869 in N. Y. State Museum Annual Report, 22:1o1 C. H. PERSOON Persoon 1822 Mycologia Europaea, p. 2 CN: RILEY Riley 1870 in American Entomology and Botany, 2:339 : JOHN A. RYDER Ryder 1879 A probable new species of phytoptus or gall mite. American Naturalist, 13:704 LOUIS DAVID DE SCHWEINITZ Schweinitz 1834 Synopsis of North American Fungi. American Philo- sophical Society Transactions, 4:289 HENRY SHIMER Shimer 1869 Descriptions of Two Acarians bred from the White Maple. American Entomological: Society Transactions, 2:319 ) A. TROTTER Trotter 1903 Descrizione di varie galle dell’ America del Nord. Marcellia 2 :63-75 B. D. WALSH Coleopterous, Hymenopterous and Walsh 1864, 1867 On the Insects, Dipterous Inhabiting the Galls of Certain Species of Willow. Entomologi- cal Society of Philadelphia Proceedings, 3 :543-644; 6:223-88 Appendix C REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIC FIELD Stag CONDUCTED AT IOLD) BORGE. Na y¥enenm THE SUMMER OF 1905 BY JAMES G NEEDHAM In accordance with instructions from the State Entomologist I proceeded to Old Forge, N. Y. at the middle of June 1905 to con- tinue the study of aquatic insects and their relation to the food of fishes, that was begun at Saranac Inn in 1900. Through the cooperation and courtesy of the New York State Forest, Fish and Game Commission, laboratory quarters were soon provided in the Old Forge hatchery and a good collecting boat was placed at my disposal. I was again fortunate in having an experienced and capable collaborator in the person of Dr C. Betten who, while giving special attention to collecting and rearing caddis flies, took a large part in all the other work of the season. | To Mr Henry Davidson who was in charge of the hatchery, and to Mrs Davidson, we were indebted for much information and assist- ance, and for the kindly and helpful interest they took in our work. Mr A. C. Church, whose house adjoins the hatchery, very kindly placed a convenient dark room at our disposal. The friendly in- terest of the people of Old Forge, the good collecting grounds near ‘at hand, the varied and interesting fauna, and, during a fair propor- tion of the time, pleasant weather for outdoor work, all joined to make the field season of 1905 (June 15-August 20) very pleasant and fairly productive of good results. Visits to our station, for the purpose of inspecting our work and of collecting in the field with us, were made by Dr Felt, by Assistant State Entomologist Mr D. B. Young and by the late lamented State Zoologist, Dr F. C. Paulmier, whose untimely death has removed from service a most capable student of the fauna of our State. The work done by us was all in continuation of that done before and already reported upon in Bulletins 47,68 and 86 of this museum. Dr Betten gave his chief attention to collecting and to rearing caddis fly larvae and was very successful in that work. The results 156 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 157 of his study of these insects are reserved for publication in a sepa- rate bulletin. I studied mainly stone flies. The results of my work on this group I have reserved for a future bulletin. The largest present gaps in the knowledge of the immature stages of aquatic insects will be filled when these two groups are reported upon; but since these are omitted from present consideration, it is only some supplementary studies the results of which are included in the present brief report; namely, some additions to our knowledge of Ephemeridae and Diptera and some new studies of the food and foraging grounds of fishes. - Localities and methods Old Forge, as is well known, is situated at the outlet of the Fulton chain of lakes. It has about the same altitude as Saranac Inn (a little more than 1700 feet) and is like the latter place in being surrounded by low densely wooded mountains and hills with lakes and ponds occupying valléys between; but it differs in some minor particulars affecting its fauna. It is on the St Lawrence side of the Adirondack drainage System, while Saranac Inn is on the Cham- plain side [see accompanying map]. It is at the outlet of a chain of lakes where a small river breaks into rapid descent over rocky beds, while Saranac Inn is at the head of a similar chain where streams are slow and sinuous, with sandy beds and sphagnum bor- dered banks. The differences in fauna are not very marked. Old Forge is richer in the species that live in rapidly flowing water, having an abundance of stone flies and current-inhabiting caddis flies. Saranac Inn is richer in lake and pond species, especially in dragon flies. We collected chiefly from Moose river and Old Forge pond because of their proximity to our laboratory; and from Bald Mountain pond and Beaver Meadow brook because of their very fine faunas. The characteristics of our collecting grounds are “worthy of more detailed statement. Moose river. The hatchery being located directly upon the bank of Moose river [pl. 4] and a stone’s throw below Old Forge pond, we naturally visited these bodies of water most frequently. Moose river was disappoint_ng. Often in passing on the old Adiron- dack railway I had seen its dark waters dashing over the rocks in its channel and had imagined it would be a paradise of stone flies; and such it may have been in times past, but since the construction of the dam and controlling works at the outlet of Old Forge pond, 158 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM % % ) e Oswegatchie R. + MoosegR. Map x Drainage map of the Adirondacks Lakes: 1 Raquette; 2 Long: 3 Tupper; 4 Ne-ha-sa-ne; 5 Cranberry; 6 Upper Saranac; 7 St Regis; 8 Rainbow; 9g Placid; 10 Schroon; 11 Fulton Chain REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 159 its volume is manipulated in the interests of the mills lower down in its course. Water is now high, now low; and when it is suddenly lowered (often reduced to isolated pools with barely a trickling streamlet between them, as I saw it in July and August) the rocks are left high and dry, and such delicate aquatic organisms as stone fly nymphs die of evaporation. I found such animals chiefly in the small side streams. The fauna of the river itself between this dam and the lower tributaries is mainly reduced to such forms as live in the bottom pools. I found the rocks in the channel of the stream itself not less barren of life than was the artificial retaining wall behind the hatchery [shown in pl. 4]. Trap lanterns set out back of the hatchery at this place attracted few insects besides midges and crane flies and these probably came from pools of the stream, or from wet places in the surrounding woods. However, I maintained all summer with somewhat better results, a trap lantern at a place half a mile farther down stream on the west side of the town at a point convenient to the cottage (Camp Sakheywey) in which I spent the summer. Here the lantern attracted numerous May flies (among them the only specimens of Ephemera seen) and big species of caddis flies (Phryganea and Neuronia). Along shore on the deeper side of the river below this place indifferent fishing was indulged in by some of the natives. I saw only chubs, suckers and bullheads taken by them. Old Forge pond [map 2, p]. Neither is this body of water in a state of nature. By the building of the dam its out- lines have been altered and its depth has been increased. The water front of Old Forge is here, and the shore along the town is lined with wharves and all the other shores are dotted with cottages. Wintergreen point, which projects boldly from the northward shore, directly in front of the town, has been stripped of its forests to open a vista up the channel toward the chain of lakes in the distance. Nevertheless, the level of the water is fairly constant now, and in the less frequented portions condi- tions are quite natural and the life of its waters is very little dis- turbed. The main path toward the lakes of the Fulton chain is so traversed by pleasure craft of all sizes that nowhere else may one get a better view of the procession of pleasure seekers to the great “North Woods” [pl. 5]. Still in the coves which receive the currents of the mountain brooks entering on either side of the channel there is abundance and variety of both plant and animal life. At the hatchery pier near the outlet, there is an extensive 160 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM growth of submerged water weed with several pretty patches of pickerel weed standing in adjacent shoals. Here the bottom is deep and muddy and here bullheads, sunfish and horned dace abound and small boys angle for them or catch the smaller of them in wire minnow traps. Schools of the red-bellied minnow may be seen about the edge of the beds of vegetation or darting into the shadow of the few great rocks that lie here. ; 3 v ah PAE = = =" Eon E +” ie Furtron CHAIN Noose River Ml ( VLE E <6 \ ZY Littvce Moose Lake (; 4 \ , 4 tt Rel voad Pa Marsh —-——— Wagenrvoad + a= Scole, 1 inch =1 foot Map 2 The vicinity of Old Forge o Old Forge; » Old Forge pond; gq Lily pond; r Bald Mountain pond; s Twin ponds; ¢ Beaver Meadow brook; v Little Moose mountain; w Panther mountain; 1, 2, 3, 4 the first four lakes of Fulton chain At the south end of the pond, where a spring is said to enter below the water line, there is much angling for speckled trout, but few trout are taken there, and such as I saw taken were small and lean. Some of the coves that receive spring brooks entering from the south farther up the channel yielded an occasional fine string of speckled trout. One of these coves in which we did considerable collecting, about a mile eastward from Old Forge on the south side of the channel is the one which drains the western of the twin ponds. Growing upon the submerged hemlock tops in this cove were some of the most remarkable growths of fresh water sponges that I ever saw. Great masses [pl. 9, fig. 2] varying between crustaceous and columnar, of a vivid green color, were to be seen REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 101 everywhere on the larger branches by one looking down into the water from a boat. This cove also had the usual fringe of fallen tree trunks lying half submerged, decked out to the water line with sundew. In the little side pools were beds of native callas. Still further back was an almost impenetrable tangle of fallen moss- grown boughs intermingled with ferns, and wherever dry enough the ground was overspread with broad shining green mats of bunch- berry. In these thickets mosquitos and caddis flies swarmed. Spongilla flies, so abundant in the hatchery at Saranac Inn, were rarely seen in the Old Forge hatchery, but their larvae were found in abundance in the osteoles of these living sponge masses, and their cocoons were spun thickly about the timbers of the controlling works at the dam. A trap lantern was maintained all summer at the hatchery pier and captured swarms. of little May flies of the genus Caenis, swarms of midges, swarms of caddis flies and occasionally a large number of the pale green crane fly Erioptera chlorophylla.- | Since the hatchery received its water supply directly through a short water pipe from the dam, it is rather surprising that so many of the May flies, and the spongilla flies common in the pond did not appear commonly in the building as at Saranac Inn. Only Ephemerella, Hydropyschidae and midges emerged in considerable numbers from the hatchery troughs. Other May flies (Siphlurus znd Heptagenia) settled often in large numbers upon the outside of the building. | Two Entomostraca occurred in such numbers within the hatch- ery that they could not escape observation. One of these was the common holarctic, Sida crystallina, which settled upon the smooth surface of our white earthenware bowls, when these were left standing in the troughs. They adhered to them so securely by a gelatinous secretion as not to be removed by a gentle washing. The other was the remarkable humpbacked Holopedium_ gibberum, which for a month following the middle of June accumulated in such masses. upon the brass screens at the foot of the fish troughs that it could be scraped_up from them in handfuls. The hatchery workmen first called my attention to these. Misled _ by their copious gelatinous envelops and their spherical form, the workmen not unnaturally thought them to be some kind of eggs. On the bowls with Sida there occurred in small numbers curious little Oligochaete worms with long proboscis that I took to belong to the genus Stylaria. 162 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Bald Mountain pond [map 2, r]. This pond was the richest in aquatic life of any single body of water about Old Forge, but it was three miles distant, up hill most of the way, and there was no boat upon it nor shelter near it. Its banks were difficult of access and built on treacherous sphagnum where footings were very insecure. But its attractiveness was so great that we hauled a boat to it and spent several days upon it; and we returned to it a number of times afterward, by boat to First lake and a climb up the hill to the ledge where it nestles against the foot of the mountain from which it takes its name. It is but a narrow strip of black water less than half a mile long, a mere dilation of the mountain brook that spreads out and fills a gutter in the rocky slope. From the pond, the brook emerges again to descend in a succession of cascades and numerous windings in and out among fern clad boulders, until it enters the second lake of the Fulton chain through a miniature bottom land marsh. From the side of the pond the long mountain ridge rises steep and forest clad, and at either end there is a miniature sphagnum meadow decked with orchids and cotton grass and bordered by pale green tamaracks, backed by dark hemlocks and balsam firs. Lum- bering operations have left the tops of felled hemlocks lying in its borders half submerged. The floating leaves of yellow water lilies thickly cover its surface wherever the water is not too deep for the long stems to reach bottom. In these lily beds there was a remarkable abundance of the red newt (Diemyctylus viridescens);a dozen of them could be seen at once almost anywhere on looking down among the tangled stems. I captured a number of them and made an exami- nation of their food and found that they had all been feeding exclusively on a small bivalve mollusk that was common upon the pond bottom. Almost equally noteworthy for abundance (as well as for the size attained) were the big red leeches (Haemopsis grandis) which could be seen undulating through the water anywhere along shore. This pond has been famed for its trout fishing and it is Iccally reported that the trout feed freely on these leeches. We were desirous, therefore, of verifying this report by a study of the trout food, and the hatchery staff made an effort to take trout for examination and used both line and seines for that purpose, but without success. No trout were obtained, nor did we see any sign that trout were present in the pond. Perhaps it is now fished out, ae ' REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 163 At the outlet of the pond (the spot shown at the right hand ot the picture in pl. 6) was a bit of open water of wonderful beauty and interest whether one looked across its surface or down into its clear depths. A bed of callas fringed it, backed by a zone of sedges and clumps of alders. On the peaty bottom that was thickly sprinkled with brown plant stems, the agile nymphs of the May fly Siphlurus darted hither and thither and caddis fly larvae in abundance dragged and tumbled their big cobhouse cases about. Great loose masses of disintegrating alga-tinged gelatine, left over from the spring hatching of salamander eggs, draped all the branches of one large hemlock top, while a remarkably fine growth of fresh-water sponge of vivid green color covered another. It enveloped all the twigs and ran out in slender fingerlike processes beyond their tips, and these were beautifully displayed in the still water. On the sixth of July a few winter buds were already de- veloped on the basal parts of some of these sponge masses, aN and by the aid of the spicules Fig 2 The fresh-water sponge Hes tare: Be eped iniheir walls] was .t¥ deri on hemlock tops able to determine that the sponge is Heteromyenia ryderi, a species not uncommon in the east Atlantic States but one that rarely shows such luxuriance of growth. My notes on dragon flies farther on will show that some fine Cordulines were here, and Aeschnas. Dr Betten carried back to the hatchery and reared many caddis fly larvae taken from this pond. He visited the pond and set out trap lanterns on several evenings, but in each case the chilly, damp night air of so common. occurrence in the Adirondacks, settled down at nightfall and his catches were exceedingly light. In other particulars than those mentioned the fauna of this pond seemed quite fairly comparable to that of other small bodies of water in this region. There were a few large diving beetles, and a few exceedingly small ones; a few back swimmers, many water boatmen, a few Ranatras, a few whirl-a-gig beetles and very many amphipod crustaceae (Gam- marus) of large size. 3 Beaver Meadow brook [map 2,¢]. This delightful woodland brook enters Old Forge pond from the southward about half a 164 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM mile distant from the hatchery. On it are located the new fish ponds, a few hundred yards up the glen from its mouth. Here the young trout are kept in the feeding troughs during the summer after the water in the hatchery has gotten too warm for them, and here in pens made in the brook itself, a number oi adult trout are pastured; they feed in part at least on the natural forage the brook affords. Above the ponds for a little way the course of the brook is steep and tortuous and its channel has been undisturbed. It winds in and out among moss-grown boulders, sweeps over little falls [pl. 7] that are draped with long moss and lies still in little hollows that are but half exposed to the sky above. Here was a most excellent collecting ground for aquatic insects, and here were spent very many pleasant hours of field work. ‘Here we set our tent trap [pl. 8], to be described farther on, and preserved its captures regularly for a month. The Adirondack League Club road to Little Moose lake crosses the brook about as far above the fish ponds as these are above ethe shore line, and this crossing is an excellent collecting ground. Butterflies and syrphus flies swarm here, about a few roadside flower clumps. Along the roadway some fine dragon flies “were found coursing back and: forth: it was here 1 took the only speci- men I have ever seen alive of Gomphus ventricosus, adding another to the list of species belonging to the fauna of the State. Over a pool just above the bridge and under a leafy — canopy that is held aloft by two slender birch trunks, little white and brown May flies, and midges, and crane flies congregated and danced in the air up and down of late afternoons, and pale green stone flies were to be seen running over the witch hazel leaves. ° Above the road the descent of the brook is more gentle and soon its channel widens out into the “ Beaver Meadow.” It is a bit of upland marsh apparently formed above Beayer dams in aboriginal times. Its level floor is built on sphagnum. It is dotted with pitcher plants and plumed with cotton grass and ornamented in some of the wetter spots by abundant yellow Habenarius. It is not a wet marsh for the most part and itis being invaded by border- ing shrubbery and scattered pale tamaracks, and it is traversed by the sinuous alder-bordered brook, which here glides along over a level bottom that is thickly strewn with brown peaty marsh and silt. Springs from the marsh and from other lesser marshes of similar origin situated farther up on the sides of Little Moose REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 165 mountain feed the stream and supply the fish ponds with cool water. The stream is swollen after every freshet and then it gathers much silt, which gives a great deal of trouble by clogging the screens in the fish troughs. Of the insects collected from the stream within the meadow, only May fly nymphs of the genus Leptophlebia and caddis fly larvae of a number of wooden case building species were found in any considerable abundance. Another local- ity at which we did some collect- ing was Lily pond [map 2, q], a shallow pond in the woods a mile north of the hatchery, reached by numerous roads and trails, each one worse : Fig. 3 Trap lantern used at Old Forge (trap shown in section) than the other. a sos yo. es eee te ee ay its own ae to the wooden arm b, which carries also the cloth leader c, and is We made several itself pee to the post = ae ~ eee made of an outer eee of = 5 q tin, and an inner one cf celluoid g; h is the cyanide package in trips to it with the space between the cones; 7 is a cord and j a weight for keep- great discomfort, ing the leader properly hung. the way being difficult and the mosquitos hungry and exces- sively abundant, but we found it an excellent collecting ground, the best for dragon flies of the summer, and two new life his- tories in that group, to be found in a subsequent section, were added there. New methods. Under this heading may be mentioned the use of two new pieces of apparatus that were designed for and first used in the field work of 1905; a new form of trap lantern, and a water tent trap for capturing water insects at transformation. New form of trap lantern. The trap lanterns we used at Saranac Inn [described in N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 47, p.399] were efficient, but they were large and cumbersome, and difficult to carry from place to place. I desired a smaller one that could be readily carried afield, and set up and run anywhere. So, I adopted for the lantern part of it a small acetylene bicycle lamp and made a small round trap of tin and celluloid to attach to its front, and hung out a leader in front of it, as shown in figure 3. The whole was attached to a light wooden arm, which could be quickly fas- 06.232" NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ‘tened to any tree or post by nailing. The whole apparatus weighed but a few pounds. For transportation the lantern was removable from the arm, and the leader rolled up about it. | The trap consisted of a truncated cone of light-weight tin [Ff], cut to fit inside the rim of the reflector of the lantern, and having three hooks for attachment that snapped on over the outward projection of the rim. Within the tin cone was another shorter and more truncated cone of celluloid [g], having the hole at its apex large enough to admit the largest of the insects desired to be captured. The two cones were of almost equal diameter at base, where they were fastened together by means of ordinary wire paper clips. No cyanide cup was provided, none being necessary; it was quite sufficient to place the cyanide well wrapped in absorbent paper in the space between the cones on the lower side, as shown at / in the figure. The leader [c], hung out in front in the axis of the cone of light, is of advantage on two accounts: 1 It vastly increases the area of lighted surface, and this, as is well known, rather than the intensity of the light, determines the alluring power of the trap. 2 The leader serves as a convenient alighting place in front of the trap. And most of those that are trapped alight first upon the leader, and then jump directly into the celluloid cone and pass through the hole in its center, into the cyanide chamber. More- over, swift-flying insects, which would sweep by a small trap and — might not return again to it, are likely to be arrested by the leader. The leader we made of thin white muslin. The weight shown at 7 in the figure, and the cord [i] extend- ing back therefrom to the edge of the trap, are merely intended to keep the leader properly hung, and are not necessary except when a breeze is blowing or when the cloth is crumpled. Given proper conditions of darkness and warmth, this trap lan- tern works excellently. Most photophilous insects alight upon the leader and pass directly from it into the trap where in a few seconds the cyanide fumes! quiet them. They accumulate in a layer on the lower side. This lantern is waterproof. Let no one imagine:that even the best trap lantern possible will make a good catch every night. The collector who has sugared for moths, or the teacher who has picked up laboratory material 11t sheuld be more cenceathy ican, ‘that boracic acid exystals mixed with pulverized cyanide of potassium, cause an accelerated evolution of cyanide fumes, resulting in the killing of the captives more quickly and the prea tion of the entire catch in better condition. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 167 under street lamps will not need to be told that on many nights even in midsummer insects are not out to be caught. A few moths and midges may be expected almost any ‘kind of a night, but warm sultry still nights preceding a downpour of rain are apt to be best. In the Adirondacks a'dampness and chill often settle over the land just after sundown, putting an end to the prospects for good lantern work of many a promising afternoon. During our stay at Old Forge hardly more than a half dozen nights yielded a strictly first- class catch —a catch of thousands of specimens and of scores of different species. A tent trap. Quite as an experiment, and without expecting any large results, we made a tent of cheese cloth [the one shown in plate 8] and set it directly in the bed of Beaver Meadow brook, just above the fish ponds, to capture and retain such winged insects as might upon transformation arise from the surface of the water beneath it. We anticipated that such insects would fly or climb up to the roof of the tent and remain there, attracted by the light above, and we thought that perhaps some of them might be col- lected thence more easily than they could be obtained in any other way. Our expectations were greatly exceeded. The tent was made of cheese cloth, supported on three strong cords. The cloth was folded about each cord and sewed on the inside, so as to leave. no small crevices into which the insects might ‘erawl and hide. The ridge cord was stapled to the top of two stakes [see pl. 8], and anchored to stones at each end, and the two end cords were carried out at the sides and similarly anchored. The edges of the cheese cloth dipped into the surface of the water, and the two sides (upstream and downstream) that felt the force of the current, were anchored in place with stones. Thus secured, the tent withstood a number of freshets that occurred during the month it was in operation.. It covered a water area six feet square. The stream bed here was covered with stones of various sizes, mostly matted over with moss [pl. 9, fig. 1]. In a little preliminary collecting we had discovered that this moss sheltered some interesting stone fly and May fly nymphs, but we were not prepared to anticipate that such numbers of them as appeared in the tent later, could actually’ be present there. The tent was set up on the 15th of August and maintained in operation for a month, its catch being removed daily, so long as other work permitted. Our first peep into it on the morning of 168 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM the 16th was a revelation. Insects of five orders in astonishing numbers had transformed beneath it, and were assembled under the ridge cord, waiting to be picked off. There were several square feet of Chironomidae in the top, and stone flies and crane flies and caddis flies and May flies were scattered all over the sides. We found the gathering of all these specimens no inconsiderable task. It required usually more than an hour’s diligent application for two of us every time. And this, added to other matters we had in hand, left us no time for investigating the relations these insects bear toward each other in the stream bed before their transformation. This account, therefore, of the insect life of Beaver Meadow brook is to be considered as a mere preliminary statement, giving only such data as were obtained with the aid of this tent trap. We believe that this trap will yield quantitative results within its proper field (winged insects with aquatic larvae) and that it is the first to be devised that is of any value for quanti- tative purposes. And we believe furthermore, that this collecting method is one of wider applicability. We think, for instance, that a water tent may be used for positive determination of the breed- ing grounds of various kinds of mosquitos, and of the relative numbers in which each kind is produced. The yield of the winged insects from this area six feet square of brook bottom is shown in the following table :* 1] have recently made an improvement in the construction of the tent trap — one that greatly economizes the labor of taking out the catch. I make it now in pyramidal form with opaque sides supported on a sclid frame, but with a hole at the top, over which I place a light bag of netting. The insects crawl up into this bag, which being detachable, may be ex- changed in a moment for another, and with all its contents inserted into a large cyanide bottle. 169 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 ‘rts eeprseydozeog rors * seprpodoyorog pee ‘oepiIpidwy Fees es soepraeqe T wea seep PET ha NER -qo erAulosse[ey L, "* “SNUIOUOITYD “STI "* “snyjeq snipepoig see STC AU Ta rORUIAT ‘stuuodriziry sndAuey Pere eS gnnap -IpIos SnIPepoyyO ° a ei ey “SsnUulis -erod uo0s0dojze109 Freese ste s cgeprorny Ferree s+ oppinumtg “oss oepryndry ‘Ost Ti eT ALOU ELT beree rests seupoquy "ores siqejoprydeyy a oe ee aaa TE oe ee wee ‘sepIpoyuoAsg **-oeprrydouwry *** “BVPIFEULOISOOTIES ‘sepryoAsdorpéy ‘-oeprrydoorAyy ae hehiskie melts eruoseydeyy stot entetcaty ‘erqayydoydeq oe ee eee ‘eljoromoyd yA interes grape Dieter esse erionary Fiseeees + emouoy oe eee oe ‘ ejredos10j yg bre £ gt Bo SOT ge Grr wey oe z I t Br REO th HO Se Ou ct OO: Olt OnneOne eS Le to. hwo Or eee sera Beat Ae oe Sie Sy I Ort Ore re SZI Bens hoe SLi Ges S Sly 0239p g Ol .ort 40 ¢ z O° I ¢ I is II fe) I 6 fe) fe) (owes Me )ieue vc) fe) fo) fo) ° I On ele ke on, 0 fo) ° t oe OO royce sake Ol AO oO. PO Seo eOs Or PhO sOn | oI) te Oe Oumar Oia) enOmua sO Gms Spt eter O. are a Ol ALN, tae Wee Lhe rigs Lie’ FO.) ices a> ET att Oe Re ate eek gt OA On eater state Wy of L Be UV roen I © fy ONO! - gO Hou Ol Oe On Rh AO QI I it i 6 uae Mea Laas ee ne oa Cen an ONs - (O hehe Ons UxOn en Cre Op ieee) One aS BL USO) Ae ese VOR Sie IO Ome Ts One NGOs Ne eon Pata Omt Mme Svr E Sas:., 66 (ol) Ayers GI oh AR OOr Ame tO ver nL Si" Or Gen NO CRN MOLY Gina eee EVE LO ee Br eG mS Pi yO Oe. LO wy PONE OMEeO . oO One TO bey sOUn MOM TNO a eve v1 (2 amie I Ot Oc) 0 I OAR dO RO I ¢ I I I I I if I COTA AD CP VOM NO) iota 6 Se th argue nin re age Mees aye Lp RM ea OE LR eh ae Seve eased s OA MR) ena ning ett < eget MNP oN wah < yhema(ol Moles. (0 6) Weanot eo Rainn robe yr an eee Ld ohe Mole Make fz Be Ber CN Bek AES Oe BO a I we ae ok ME STE OPI! ne OL ence eT AOK ats Lev poe Mey zs fo) ny FOR os Se ae the] fe) fe) Oo Oo On? ae fo) fo) Oo Oo fe) fo) fe) oh Fe, fe) Iv eh cet ges 3 Nee ae eee: Rete Coa Tce 5 BOF ast N ae eee: PIO MERC Lan ae Lite are et ORE LIS a CrimmOsnl.. AO Oar DOGO Oat Ol smn) OO iO Or Oni t Oe Ont tUO manthen tO naes of ob Pe eee WERE SIGE ere WM OLN Or = ii uO Cl gr Ol et On ie .eR ae Ont Su OamN Ole Car mu) a Gunes Oy eOl Ra Oue nh )e Ove as a yO Ope a OAb ey Oine a no Oy Min Or oO. iuewal Cnn Omni Glin! ay 64 Ee Ol OL anal a ab, Lag z Bro SOs, OBA ONO s NORIO TF One BO OT et BOs ny OueP NG) gs PAO RY a em ON GS ate MEI ica Iie yal ny Noe a6 he a RN Ar cine enh Sere ae iMRI oo Sa VOnRN NE jet v Cig aye el Nee Ou, Or Oat Mallet One SSD On ia Gt Obee ag eal eC! tehiNe a thee Orne uC) bz fe) I AERC wa) I fe) I z I fo) ¢ z z i fo) I Loe z a b I Toke ee ae PTs Oe I O2 0. VO OO. Ole, MON iO ie OE O tir Ov nO ember Oe. oce Si BED se Se AO aie oT OAR Oe LOS MG iO BOK, OMAN Rene Os mon gare are ye aa es hey Gane Di, Seer Oban a ney Ok lice 6 lg eae Oa eS IP Ger wOoe nee. eg ol. silbtn Ua oat Oe ont eeteis oCyT DS Se Ome OO SE NEE TM ee ile Teo ois AOU 2 Siege ea tenn or ore a aac an aa MR! UNG: ale, Cita belgian eat voz CE, VOnP eT ee ek wba Sco, pel ee Pop gree ithe > ago Robe BL MOP Orme oe ene LGC She ol Ger PON 2G CAS Bes AO. PE. ME Acre ee Olin IO tah Teen agit he tet eras Te Le ae thos Gey Relies Tiel MO oO Ps Big ee EOS Ge OS <9 bes abet be mars Te eGo Olt a Oi lege Isnony ATOL So6r ‘Si ysn3np-g1 Kynf “X% *N ‘asdouz PIO ‘yO0Ag MOpbayT 4eaDag ut GDds, qua} DV Ut ZYsNDI Syoasus pasuim fo 21qQD T, sepIuMoUoIIYyD « seprndry -doyoriy . seplieut -eydy 2ep Bele od sisydiq 170 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Before setting up this tent we had done some desultory collecting from the bed of this stream, but we had found the immature stages: of only a few of the insects that the tent trap revealed. We had found those stone fly and May fly nymphs that live amid the moss that covers the submerged stones [see pl. 9, fig. 1]. This is a soil-gathering moss that grows in tufts, so matted together that a bottom layer of fine sand and silt is held closely about the stone, even when it is exposed to the wash of the current. The stone flies of the genus Chloroperla and Leuctra were found in this moss, and the May flies of the genus Ephemerella. There were two species of Chloroperla: the common widely distributed C. bili- -neata Say, and another larger, apparently undescribed species. The latter was less abundant, 23 specimens being taken in the tent between July 17 and August 2. Both species climbed up the sides of the tent (the lower edges of which dipped into the surface all around) to transform, leaving their empty skins sticking to the cheese cloth anywhere from a few inches to a few feet above the surface of the water. The May fly Ephemerella was also a new species. It is described on a subsequent page as E. dorothea. Its nymphs lived down between the moss stems on the surface of the soil beds covering the stones. The nymphs of Baetis disported themselves more openly in the edges of the current. These are exceedingly agile little creatures. The nymphs of Heptagenia clung, as is their wont, to the under surfaces of bare stones. The caddis flies that appeared in the tent were fewer in individ- uals but they represented a much greater number of species. There were three species of Ryacophilidae; eight of Hydroptilidae; two of Sericostomatidae, and oné of Limnophilidae. These are all in Dr Betten’s hands and will be noticed in his bulletin, now in preparation, on New York Trichoptera. The order Diptera was represented by no less than nine families, and two of these, the Tipulidae and Chironomidae, are of very great importance in such situations, while two Psychodidae and Culicidae are of slight importance: this is not the type of aquatic situation suited to their development. In the Tipulidae, the great abundance of three species, Rhaphidolabis tenuipes, Antocha opalizans and Dicranomyia detanme@us was especially noteworthy. The Tipula, represented by but two female specimens, remains undetermined. Those put under “ mis- cellaneous ” in the table were Rhipidia maculata, repre- REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 I7I sented by five specimens taken in August, one Limnobia parietina taken on the 15th of August, and one Helobia punctipennis taken on the 20th of July. The black flies (Simuliidae) were doubtless much less abundant than they would haye been if our tent had been set over the brink of a waterfall—the favorite home of their larvae. But few moth flies (Psychodidae) were taken, Io specimens in all, and these all in August. Mosquitos (Culicidae) likewise were few, 14 in all, distributed with considerable regularity over the entire month. | Midges (Chironomidae) appeared in surprising abundance and variety. The full list of the species taken is given in Dr Johann- sen’s supplementary report, published herewith. The numbers of individuals given in the table, although very large, are much smaller than they would have been, but for depredations of some of the larger flies (especially Hemerodromias) and spiders, which managed to find their way in. The tent flaps were folded and then pinned as closely as possible; but the small spiders, which came presumably from the overhanging boughs of adjacent shrubbery, would get in, one or two of them almost every day, and up in the angles of the tent under the ridge cord, they obtained a maximum of food with a minimum of effort. It was the more delicate little pale species that suffered most from these depredators. The Tabanidae taken in the tent were very few: I specimen of Chrysops vittatus, and io (in August) of an undeter- mined species of Tabanus. | The Empididae were ali of two species: Hemerodromia valida and H. scapularis. These made themse'ves very much at home in the tent. They were to be seen constantly eating the little yellow midges of the genus Orthocladius, or occasion- ally a larger Tanypus or even a Chironomus as big as them- selves. The remaining three families of Diptera were represented each | by single species: the Dolichopodidae by Dolichopus scopa- rius; the Scatophagidae by Cordylura capillata and the Anthomyiidae by an undetermined species of Pegomyia. There can be no doubt that nearly all these forms listed lived as larvae in the water or on the stones beneath the tent. There is a possibility that a few of those most sparingly represented may have found their way in as did the spiders, by working between the flaps. I think it probable that some of the mosquitos followed 172 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM us in when we entered to take the catch, for I saw one riding in on the back of Dr Betten’s neck. They were abundant outside and very hungry, and during the hour or more required to secure all the specimens that had appeared since a previous visit, we did not fold and pin the flaps very carefully. During the month about half a dozen beetles and about as many Hemiptera appeared in the tent— usually single specimens: but as these were nonaquatic forms such as were common in the surrounding woods, we have not listed them in the table; they may have fallen into the stream and been washed under the tent by the rapid current. The table gives the totals for each species or group of species. These numbers were in some cases a great surprise to me. Note for example, the number of specimens of the stone fly Leuctra. Our biggest collections in museums contain usually but a few specimens of this genus (if they have any at all). I had in 1905 accumulated in my own collection, after several years of collecting stone flies, about a score of specimens. Here on the 12th of August we took 150 specimens from the tent at one picking, and it yielded 351 specimens in all. The grand total of 3844 specimens represents the yield in adult insects of six feet square of this brook for a month. The mile of this little stream that was of quite similar character certainly fur- nishes a quantity of insects that, however weighed, measured, or estimated, is very considerable. We deeply regretted and still regret that there remained no time to us for investigating the ecological relations of these forms in the brook bed; but we believe that the facts of the table justify the large amount of labor that was necessary to collect, preserve, study and classify all these specimens. Studies on fish food Out of the weed patch by the hatchery wharf, where, as already noted, we collected oftenest and where we knew the life conditions best, we took a number of common fishes for the purpose of study- ing their food. These belonged to the three species that appeared to be most common there; the common bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus ; the common sunfish, Eupomotis gibbosus and the red-bellied minnow, Chrosomus erythrogaster. Food determinations were made by the only reliable method yet devised — the microscopic examination of the contents of the ali- mentary canal. While the food of these three species has been REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 173 reported on before, the data are insufficient, and have been derived from specimens collected at random, and with little knowledge of feeding grounds or conditions. Forbes’s report on the food of the red-bellied minnow, for example, is based on the examination of three specimens.. We believe that the results of this present food examination, as given in the following tables, justify the great amount of labor that is involved in all such studies. Table I Food of 25 bullheads from Old Forge pond ee ? DRAGON FLY | | FISHES NYMPHS Sunfish Horned dace Undetermined fish aeachmides Libellulidae May fly Crawfish Silt | | OL . '" WHA ARR YN Re Ree ef eee The bullheads of the foregoing table were adults, the smallest being about 8 inches in length. Of the 25 specimens studied, all but I had eaten other fishes of some sort. 17 of those eaten were small sunfishes between 2 and 3 inches in length. Six 174 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM were horned dace of about the same size, and 3 were unidentifiable. The 25 bullheads had eaten at least 26 other fishes, all of practically the same size. Seven fish had eaten large dragon fly nymphs, of which 6 be- longed to the family Aeschnidae, and 2 had eaten Libellulidae. One fish only had eaten a May fly nymph and 3 had .eaten -small crawfish less than 2 inches in length. -Three had eaten.small fila- mentous algae (Spirogyra, Zygnema and Cyanophyceae) and only 4 had eaten any appreciable quantity of silt. Food constituents individually considered. By far the most important single element of bullhead food at this time and place was small sunfishes. These abounded everywhere among the sub- merged aquatic plants growing on muddy bottoms. They were taken by small boys in minnow traps and by ourselves when col- lecting with sieve nets. There must be fearful decimation in num- bers of young sunfishes in submerged pastures infested by bull- heads. Horned dace are also very common about the borders of these same water-weed patches and are likewise taken in minnow traps and seines. 3 Although the bullheads lie on the bottom, the dragon fly nymphs eaten did not show them to be bottom feeders. The nymphs of the Aeschnidae habitually climb about over the stems of water weeds and are rarely found on the bottom. They are protectively colored and are hardly noticeable when at rest, but swim away with a jerky gait produced by successive ejections of the water from the gill chamber; and when once dislodged and set going they are no doubt captured easily by the bullheads. The nymphs of the Libellulidae are typical bottom sprawlers. Only two of these were eaten, however. They lie concealed amid the bottom silt and it is only when they are brushed-out of place that they kick actively and are easily found. The single May fly represented, of course, a very insignificant part of the total food taken, but neither is it a bottom form. While not clearly identifiable it was certainly one of the climbing nymphs of the Baetinae. Crawfish diet was proven by the presence of two small nipper feet. These, indeed, are typical bottom forms; and their habit of jumping backwards when disturbed and evading their enemies in a cloud of sediment, or fleeing into hiding under a stone, is, of course, well known to every ene. Small quantities of algae and of silt were eaten; so small, in fact, that they might very well have been taken quite accidentally in the quest for other food, and there is no evidence whatever REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 175 that any of the animals eaten were dead when found. This certainly does not indicate the scavenger habits that have been very frequently ascribed to bullheads. = Suntish food Pursuing the matter a little farther we examined the food of 25 miiesnes (LUupomotis g¢gibbosus), taken at’ the same time and place as the bullheads, that is, July roth, in the weed patch off the hatchery wharf at Old Forge pond. We selected, of these, three sizes in order to determine tf there were any appreciable change of food with age of fish. The largest ex- amined were approximately three inches in lenth (lot 1), and the next in size about two inches (lot 2) and the smallest were between three fourths of aa inch and an inch in length (lot 3). All were taken together. The results of examination are given in the following table: NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 176 poof ysyuns JT 2190, sednd sespryy SeAILT SOSPI[ SLOASNI1 . ed el el . . oe . 2 ee @ + eee Ts We cele tee, eee eee . oe I Dus 4 oe ereta as ams . ee * a I * IOFTLOR Re . . Pie) e580 x (0) he) Se PL et best ooh ns” a «ee Z . i We . . . Bee Oe 9B se «eo { ee . . Sie, *k MY . Bre erat Glial diel ca 4 I e ° be S I { +k *k * O07 S Sieh, 8. ce 18 46 a sen: ie Fe .e . . ° . ° Cr Ioyeys JoyeM : fe : : ¢ Crees Patan te ek aa gm . : ; By é ae ‘u Ay uoseip os : ae 2 wn > ip) =| (@) Kes A a o 3 a 4 i 5 o aN 4 2 oe ct q o 0 me ty a — oO re) (o) (q) re i) Ms 4 O 5 Ke) f=) tu (e) iq) ie) < , 3 S a Fy ; Z as ® = 8 & : 1 > w a SNVHOVISONAD evaivy, AY stppedg sopjo0g HA MATMO PO OO H 0st 4 OT UI SOYDUT z JO] PB y Fs ¥ : Pry ory or er ie | laine Ce ie Batol 5, ? UI SoyouI £ 4O] 4SE UdadWnan 177° 1907 ENTOMOLOGIST REPORT OF THE STATE ‘SUIIINIOO SOU T=] Ciel Mea a Sans 8 Pa a MT ay ot Ye) oeeer ee ee ee we we 4.5 <6 (ale a6») oe 6a 8 eoeeveee ee eeeee ‘souepuNnqe ul pelmmoo09 f ‘S}USWISEIT Ul POIINSIO x Atel Le Jt eb ress | 79 9. A Oz gi [ester | crea @ ; I ‘ MI tH ge bz "7+ [+s "907 pargy TeIOL, vote)" *d0T puooes: [eIo 7. vs SOT Asa eno te cz ee Epes re ek 167 QI Tatoo Te ee Ul Your I}; 03 your $ 40;%pe 178 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM The food differences of the three groups are interesting and sig- nificant. That of the smallest lot (too small, judging by the preced- ing study, to be selected by bullheads for food) was predominantly Entomostraca, especially Copepods, with a considerable propor- tion of midge larvae. The food of the second lot was predominantly small snails and midges, with an occasional abundance of Copepods. The food of the larger ones was predominantly: May flies, and midge larvae and pupae, with a sprinkling of other insects. Indeed, the table understates the difference between the food of the three lots for the midge larvae eaten by the fishes of lot three were as a rule much smaller than those eaten by the larger fish. Notes on the constituents of the food. The beetles eaten were all adults. They were eaten only by the larger fish. There were but three of them, however; a ground beetle by number 5 (and this may have fallen into the water by accident), and 2 Parnid beetles by fish number 2. Beetles of this latter family are very commonly found crawling about on the under surface of submerged logs or hiding in their crevices. They stick closely to the surface, their long legs widely outspread, and they hold fast with their huge grappling claws and are not easily dislodged. Only five larvae of caddis flies were eaten, and these appeared to have been separated from their cases, not swallowed in them as were those fed upon by the brook trout of Bone pond at Saranac Inn [see N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 68, p. 204]. No case construction material was found with them, but the larvae appeared to be such as usually construct their cases out of plant stems. They have been preserved for future determination. Midges on the contrary (family Chironomidae) formed a large percentage of the food of. the sunfish of all sizes. The smaller ‘ larvae, however, were eaten by the. smallest fish, as already noted, and the larger larvae and pupae, only by the larger ones. Every study of fish food hitherto made has ae the great eco- logical importance of this group. No May flies were eaten by the fish of lot three, but the larger fish had eaten them very freely —two of them (number 6 and 16) in great abundance. Number 2 had eaten a burrowing nymph of the genus Ephemera along with a dozen Caenis. All the. others eaten by all the fishes were Caenis diminuta. This is the little white May fly already mentioned as swarming to our trap lantern when set on the hatchery pier. It is the most ephemeral of all Ephemera. It emerges from the water at nightfall, leaving REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 179 its nymphal skin floating on the surface, and, alighting on the first support that offers, sheds its skin again, and the subimago stage is ended. Then it flies for a little while, the males dancing up and down in a little swarm, as in other species, and the females coming out to meet them. It probably lives in all but a few hours of adult life. I have frequently watched the swarming until it was entirely obscured by darkness. Specimens. of this species emerging from the hatchery troughs at Saranac Inn deposited their eggs in little clusters of 200 to 300 upon the window panes. | The nymphs of this little May fly abound wherever there are beds of waterweeds. They rest upon the silt covered bottom or cling to the stems of the plants. They cling closely and, being entirely covered with silt, are quite unobservable except when dis- lodged. Because they cling so closely they are not easily collected nor easily separated from the trash. That they exist in inconceiv- able vast numbers is demonstrated most readily by the use of a trap lantern. Our lanterns at the pier were sometimes almost choked with them and thousands besides were found upon the supporting post and upon the lantern itself outside; and this con- dition of things has prevailed in every locality of the United States in which I have run a trap lantern over still water. I have no doubt that these very minute nymphs, too small for proper food for the larger fishes, are of very great importance to young fishes and to the smaller species. They are scarcely mentioned hitherto, -however, in the literature of the fish food. Only two other insects were found; a half grown nymph of a dragon fly of the genus Aeschna, that was eaten by fish number 3, and a water skater, by figh number 5. Of the crustaceans eaten, all were Entomostraca. But three were Ostracods, and these were eaten singly. Copepods were eaten abundantly by the smaller fishes of lot three, sparingly by those of larger size. I was unable to determine any of them. Apparently there were but few species. The great importance of Copepods as | food for young fishes has been abundantly demonstrated hitherto through the labors of others. Nevertheless, the conditions that make for their abundance are scarcely at all understood. Cladocera were eaten as a rule very sparingly, only one fish (number 12) having eaten any great number; it had eaten almost exclusively a species of Bosmina. The others so sparingly eaten belonged to the genera Alona and Chydorus. 180 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Water mites of several species were eaten; but sparingly, as in- dicated in the table, and they formed no considerable part of the food total. Smaller snails one or two millimeters in diameter were eaten in | large numbers by five of the fishes of intermediate size (fish number 7 of the first lot béing the smallest of that lot). These were not certainly determinable since the delicate shell of these young snails is very quickly dissolved in the digestive secretions; but they were certainly right-hand spires and apparently belonged to the genus Limnea. No other groups of animals were represented save Rotifera by a single smooth lorica found in fish number 13. Only one fish — had eaten silt, and in all, but two bits of algae were eaten, both clearly recognizable as belonging to the genera Chara and Nitella. Food of the red-bellied minnow That there is much need of the further study of the food of the - smaller species of fishes—those that furnish the supply of the larger and more important ones — has long been perfectly clear. Carnivorous forms can not live by eating each other indefinitely ; it is obviously important to locate the primary supply. The food of all organisms upon which fishes feed needs to be carefully studied. Of the smaller fishes of Old Forge pond the red-bellied minnow was most in evidence; its habits, however, have already been mentioned. The food of 12 specimens of this species taken near the hatchery pier along with the bullheads and sunfish already discussed, was carefully examined with the microscope. The food constituents were tabulated as far as tabulating was possible, but since it subsists almost wholly on vegetable materials, green algae, and disintegrating fragments of aquatic seed plants, accurate numerical statement was impossible. The results of this examina- tion are therefore given broadly as follows: 7 _ Of the 12 minnows examined all had eaten both green algae and dead waterweeds, and in but two of them could I discover the re- mains of any animal whatever (fragment of the nymph of the genus Caenis in one, and half of a small midge larvae in another). All but one had eaten Spirogyra and five had eaten it in great abundance. The only other algae eaten abundantly was an undetermined spher- ical gelatinous tetrasporoid form which was recognized in five cases and was abundant in two of them. There was more or less unrecognizable silt in every case, and scattered through this were lel Mi i i ee aa Ke Ee ee Ure REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 181 Diatoms in a considerable variety, filaments of Cyanophyceae and Desmids (among which the genera Closterium and Desmidium were recognized). All of these occurred sparingly and may very well have been taken along with the disintegrating stems and leaves of the higher plants.‘ | This last mentioned material. was in four cases a mass of leaf fragments of a slender species of river weed (Potamogeton) and in three other cases it contained (once in excess) remains of the petiole of the yellow water lily (Nymphaea advena). These were recognizable by the well preserved internal hairs from the walls of the air chambers. Such food stuff was, of course, very abundant in this place. There may have been a good many other plants present, indeed I have no doubt there were some others; for a form of tracheids quite tinknown to me, derived from the vas- cular bundles of some other seed plant, occurred three times. These were the predominating elements of the food, however ; they show that at this time and place Chrosomus was a vegetable feeder. Apparently this singularly beautiful and hardy little _ is one that can be introduced safely into private ponds. I hasten to place beside the foregoing, the results of a more ex- tensive study of the food of this fish, made in quite a different situation, and so different in kind that they will teach the neces- sity of great care in reaching conclusions as to what fishes eat. A former pupil of mine, Mr Warren H. Ferguson, studied the food and feeding habits of Chrosomus in Pettibone creek, near North Chicago, Ill., in 1904. The place has since become the site of the United States Naval training station of the Great Lakes. The creek was then a beautiful little stream flowing through fine oak woods with here and there a deep shadowy pool and with inter- vening stretches of flowing water. It was one of my favorite collecting grounds when I lived at Lake Forest, 6 miles distant. A few other fishes live in the stream; the horned dace, a little stickleback, several darters, and very small suckers, but none were so abundant as Chrosomus; and only the darters that live in the riffles were as constantly to be found in a given place. The forage offered by this creek was very different indeed from — that of Old Forge pond. Here there were no standing aquatics and no unattached filamentous algae. Rocks and sticks exposed in the riffles were draped with two beautiful sessile algae (Dra- pernaldia plumosa anda species of Cladophora). The out- let of every pool was choked, and every obstruction was covered 182 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM with a mass of dead forest tree leaves. Among these leaves, where submerged, dwelt an abundance of amphipods. In these leaf drifts too, especially after every freshet were to be found many earthworms, dislodged from the banks by the aye TL of the current, and stranded here. The plankton of the pools was not rich, but it contained a goodly proportion of Entomostraca chiefly salmon-tinted Diaptomus and -a considerable variety (though a small proportion) of Rotifers, and a few Heliozoans, and a few Peridinia and other flagellates, many Diatoms of a few species, and a variable proportion of small midge larvae. The bottom and sides of the pool sheltered midge larvae, and May fly nymphs of the genus Leptophlebia. Besides the red-bellied minnow, the only other important competitors for the scanty food the pools offered were the horned dace, and large dragon fly nymphs of the bottom belonging to the genus Cordu- legaster [sce account of these in Entomological News, 16:3-6]. The minnows lived in the pools, playing out on the shoals in little resplendent groups when the coast was clear, and retreating to the deep places and to the shelter of undercut banks when danger appeared. Mr Ferguson studied them here through April, May and the first part of June. He made six collections of the minnows for food examination of stomach contents and prepared the following table. The things eaten are indicated by numbers in this table when individuals could be certainly counted. When they could not the occurrence of their remains is indicated in the table by a *. Food of Chrosomus erythrogaster REPORT OF THE aVOTV STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 183 . . . . . . . . . LIS | HR KE KH HNKEKKEK HK KKH KX * ~. vo, ‘Sz judy ‘J 1077 SNAOMHLAVA | 5 Bae ERY ia eels om GeMEE | SE é Sac saey Oe asm epee : | spodijdury eras Bee toes Ca aaet tee eee a SA < . . . . . . . isa] | . . . e . . . . . . . oret Etat ae | ~ s Seco EO ge 68 ; sabe E a yout splurouoly) : as “ ae Sea Le] cy Kes ake : : : 3 | Sprurouoltysy ot na sige sis . : ay als : . n . . . oye . . & . . . : Sue . ° Ss) aad no L) . . . . . . . . . . . e ye St SS he ae pirate : x chet cpak- : : Sees ee Pens sydwAu Ap Ae ae cies a ida | . bE oe | . . . . . . . ° . . . . . | seTog | . . Se cee nada antacid ae gt Same 2 . . - . - . . e . - . . re eee Q : . . . . . . . . . = 6 fast owen kh metin(on hel RteNtae cel ga Kec AG Oe A, a BE Cec Be 2) HAMTPNORDOA DAH AMTNONRDAOIHANMYTIN ise HAHAHAHAHA eRPDN NANA AN —_ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 184 . . . Do ella . . os . . . . . a. aimAe--6 oe aAVOTV * * * ok * mak * ee ee ee * * * * * LIS © 0} esse. “eke Wil eames. aA Lene) ee PaCh AC Cea Peay eee eee By ep ropes oe) w SNUOMHLAVA re rae 4 ai sore wee PRs cate eh eae Babe ae oe ee tight ee ia 3) ; Baten 2 Ras gna Mia ter iG Thief is eaemay's 5 a spcdiydwy . oe ee . . o oe e . owe Kee ta . se . . eee see . o. . . Bein . o ee pat sini. 06 . ay let Bras) ets alah ep o. eLce. o. . . . entertects, fate Oa. Cy Gr x5 o. eoel]soul0jUuy SNV@ZOVISNAS Oss. | OR SER S.C Sie Se Oe Ok SS synpe splwmouoly) Oe ery SiG ene eioo Ger, sednd ee o-. as ee . eee eee eee eee eee oe . . . . sprurouoiyg oe ee . oe o- eee . . . . eee 5-2 6 hehe erie . Bice ie - o- S| #2 Se C7 seo ano . . oe . . eeee . oe © © © ore eee eee 7 BOC ORCC . . . o. splurouo0iy9 IeALY] Vie ep . . oe @ . o- alles e we . ye, Ce a Ter Saat win ne asice a are, (elasas oes, « or ‘ . sobs ive eee py iitepamelee . oe ee o- v. . oe we . . eo. . SLOUSNI . eee see . . . char] PCH Rie wy Pe | . oe re eee . . . . oe ee ee oe oe. . se ee ee ee . sydurAu Ay Ae eve . . . ty &) 61 © . e. Bes 6 oe. oe. . oe ee - . . ee ee . ee . eee ne! ihe, ene . . . ve 6 wets "8 8 we o-* Or a ar: . © im, lass a wee ae 12 Sie is, . weve. “aAwhiere em pee ie a iv. we) ae .. ea . “-. . “-. . #) eee € . . a.4 00 . . eo. . . . . Wk . . . - . o- Sue ena eo . ea a per UdanNoNn | vo, ‘z1 A®W ‘]II 307T vo, ‘1 Ae ‘TI 30] SS SooaooaoaoaoaooaoaoaoaoaoaoaoaeSEeeeeEeEeEE—eEE—EEEEEEOEEEEEEEeEEEEEEEEEE ed (panunuor) sajspbosyjkaa snimosoayy Jo poo REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 mp aite. eon Ge . Deseo: rs) 8 we SE By Oe laa iw te iets ware cee > Stithene.s ios eeetome . P rickeck Bat . ties ar) oe ee . oe ight) . ee ee o. . Oi di a Sloe She Se ees oe . see . . te . see Pe Se OC eye SUR 3 "“INDH Mt * ee ve Ce tei chet . . eee . ee © wo . one . eee . . . . Oi . ee ee o- oe . oe oe Seve) ef oelae . oe eee ee . oe ° o. ee o- . . oe ee . eee . . eee . . ee eee . . see oe ee oe e ° eee ee ee se eee . . oe ew we . ee. v8. . Oa) . . ° . , oe eo we ew hw ° ue ele) of DY 8 . 59) jal 9) eh -8, eee ‘IA 107 eunf vo, ‘9g sunf © ynoge ‘A }OT AO sea f vo, ‘tz Ae ‘AT 307] ada c Vo AeW ‘III 10T NEW YORK STATE | eign Shae n os > to > fe) fo) iam ! wo 6 5 4 8 H a. z. ee : oe 5 Q 4 tl ct ¢ 5 = ee we Na o > 4 he) O° = fo) re) un ct a a ey 3 a 5 3 ; Sa g 2 fe) fe) ° ° ‘A - ; g 2. f : é : a D a OA se heme wWadWaN a To) ga H 2 8 : | : E s E @ @ a y : Me yen ier ; SNV@HOVISNAD a % SLOUSNI ; : SE = —- -- = = = = _ - ray = SS eS nS (papmjIuor) AagspsoAyphaa Ssnimososyy f{O POog REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 187 The following is Mr Ferguson’s summary of his results: The table shows at a glance that prac- tically all the food of lot 1 consisted of silt and algae. The explanation for this is that other food, such as midges and worms was scarce so early in the year. Spring rains had not yet brought down the earthworms. About half of the food of lot 2 was silt and algae, while the other half was pupae and adult midges. In only three of the fish was it possible to say how many midges they contained, hence the stars in the table. Only _ three out of 16 fishes of lot 3 contained midges, while all but four contained ‘earthworms and half of them contained a large amount of silt. Lot 4 shows a large number of adult midges of the genus Chironomus (apparently most of them of the species of which the ap- pendages are shown in figure 4a) and many earthworms. And one of them contained a single large mass of Chiro- nomus eggs—the only instance in which these were found. Lot 5 shows one adult Chironomus, and earthworms and silt predominate again in lot 6. Out of 92 stomachs examined, 38 (41 per cent) contained midges in one stage or another, 27 (29 per cent) contained earthworms, 6 contained beetles,— all adult beetles of nonaquatic habits. _ Miirce comtamed Entamostracans, two fot oten he Chea contained ants, and only 1 contained a_ Pettibone creek. a caudal ap- pendzges of the adult male, dor- May fly nymph. This clearly proves sal view. b one half of tip of z : abdomen of the pupa. y one tian Ghiranomus was by far: the most “half of the caudal fin, ands its” - important food. © fringe After discovering the importance of midge larvae in the food of this minnow, Mr Ferguson began a feeding experiment to deter- mine how many such larvae could be disposed of by the fish as a regular diet. He divided the tank of an aquarium table . into two compartments, placing two full-grown Chrosomus in one of them and three others about half as large in the other. A piece of board was kept floating on the surface of each to furnish congenial shadow, and the white enamel bottom of the tank was kept clean so that uneaten food could be found. Midge larvae (nearly all those of Chironomts viridicollis, 188 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM _ averaging perhaps two thirds grown) were thrown into the tank twice daily in sufficient numbers so that each day a few remained over, uneaten. They were simply thrown on the bottom where they were snapped up promptly so long as the fish were hungry. The number disposed of during the preceding interval was recorded at each feeding. The average number eaten by the half grown Chrosomus was 11 per day, by the full grown ones, 25 larvae per day. The largest number was dis- posed of at the first feeding, but the figures were maintained fairly uniform after the third day; evidently these larvae are choice food for Chrosomus. The experiment was abandoned | after 22 days because of the great difficulty found in supplying sufficient Chironomus larvae. That the adult midges are quite as attractive food for Chroso- mus as are the larvae is indicated by the following field observa- ° tions made by Mr Ferguson: It is very interesting to watch the fish feeding. The midges hovering over the water seem to attract them most. Usually the minnows are satisfied to wait till the midges touch the surface of the water, but quite often they spring several inches out of the water to catch them. NEW DATA CONCERNING MAY FLIES AND DRAGON FLIES OF NEW YORK . May flies (Ephemeridac) Under this heading will be included a brief account of the May fly fauna of Old Forge, and descriptions of a few new forms col- lected by Dr C. Betten at Buffalo and vicinity in the summer of 1900. At Old Forge, May flies were abundant, and no place in which I have ever collected better exemplifies the need of different methods, and of collecting from different types of situation, and at different hours of the day, if one would really know the May fly fauna. There was a very familiar group of species (Siphlurus, Epheremella, Heptagenia etc.) that settled upon the outside of the hatchery and that could be found anywhere about the banks of Old Forge pond where shelter and good resting places offered. Then there were some others (Caenis, Chloeon) that were only to be found at night at the time of their emergence from the water. A few, like Leptophlebia, Chloroterpes and Baetis could be found on still afternoons swarming in great companies in the hollows of | the wood, especially over little pools or in their vicinity, and there I ee ee REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 189 was one (Ephemerella dorothea) that was only to be obtained by rearing it from the nymph, it being very secretive as to its adult habits. 1 collected chiefly by hand from the hatchery walls, by trap lanterns at Old Forge pond and on Moose river, and by sweeping nets along the banks of Beaver Meadow brook, and along the Adirondack League Club road to Little Moose lake. Ia a breed- ing cage maintained in a hatchery trough by my window, I reared a considerable number of May fly nymphs, verifying the breedings of former years, and adding a few new life h’stcries, that will be given in the following pages: Siphlurus alternatus. This species was common in trashy places in the borders of the ponds. I found the nymphs abundant in Bald Mountain pond. Adults were taken hovering at First lake on June 24th in mid afternoon. They settled in hundreds on the outside of the hatchery and could be taken constantly through June and July. Blasturus cupidus. But few specimens of this elsewhere common species were seen. One was taken on the hatchery the first of July and several on piers about Old Forge pond in the latter part of June. Leptophlebia mollis. This was another very common species. . The nymph lived in slow-flowing clear streams, perhaps in other places as well, for I found the adults everywhere. A few at the hatchery ; swarms of them on the Mountain Lodge “carry ” opposite Dog Island in First lake, where they were flying underneath a high canopy of birch boughs, rising and falling in rapid succession through a distance of 25 feet, scarcely descending within 50 feet of the ground. I found them in Beaver Mea7Zow brook, both in the meadow itself, and in the rocky part of the stream, at the fish ponds where four of them emerged within my tent trap. Nymphs taken from the stream at this place were reared in the hatchery on the: stxth of August. | . Callibaetis hageni. This species was common at the hatchery inside as well as outside, and during the latter part of July and the whole of August, subimagos could be collected in the hatchery win- dows. Adults could be picked up from the piers about the border - of Old Forge pond. These specimens ap»veared to differ in no respect whatever from others obtained from the type locality in California. | Baetis posticatus. This delicate little May fly was to be found in the same situations with Leptophlebia. It’ was abundant I90 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM through July and August. It emerged in considerable numbers, as shown by the preceding table, from my tent trap, 6 square feet of the bottom of Beaver Meadow brook, yielding 271 specimens in a _single month. This is the species previously mentioned as giving such a beautiful example of the May fly dance under the birch trees at the crossing of the Beaver Meadow brook by the Adiron- dack League Club road. Chloeon mendax and C. vicinum. These two delicate little May flies (and a third apparently undescribed) were obtained with a trap lantern near the foot of First lake just after nightfall. Dr Betten and I rowed up to First lake on several evenings that bid fair to furnish good trap lantern collecting, and just at nightfall before the chill that is characteristic of the Adirondack evening had settled down, a few of these specimens came to light to reward our effort. Later in the evening no more could be obtained, but we had reason to believe that they were not uncommon at that place. Ephemerella dorothea n. sp. This species lives in Beaver Meadow brook, amid the soil gathering moss that covers the stones there, as described in the account of our tent trap. Adults were obtained only by rearing them, and this notwithstanding their abund- ance, as evidenced by the abundance of their-nymphs at that place. We did much collecting along the banks of that brook, sweeping the vegetation with nets, all up and down Ait, and not a single adult specimen was encountered. It was the sort of May fly easily to be overlooked, not alone on account of its habits, but also because of its general appearance. The best specimens that I have obtained of these are when fully mature, exceedingly fragile and have very little color. They look at first glance much like poor specimens of some of the stronger species. I append a description of both -nymphal and adult stages. | | Imago. Length, 5 to 6 mm; expanse, I5 to 18 mm; setae of the female,.8 mni; of the male, 8 to 9 mm; first femur of male, 7 mm; of the female, 472 mm; a small yellowish species, pale even when fully mature, somewhat darker on the dorsum of the head and the abdomen, with hyaline iridescent wings, and pale yellowish white legs; infuscated only on the tips of the tarsi. Caudal setae white; forceps of the male, stout, the long second segment regularly tapering to near the apex, there suddenly internally dilated in a rounded knob. The first and third joints of the male forceps are of about equal length, each being about % of the length of the second joint, terminal joint subspherical. The ninth sternite of the female is produced in a broadly truncated lobe which projects posteriorly to the level of the posterior apex. The foretarsus of ; . . ‘ 4 ; ‘ REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 IgI the female has the second joint about equal to the third in length, and longer than the fourth which in turn about equals the fifth, and is about 34 of the length of the second. The basal joint (fused with the tibia) is about 1% as long as the second joint; tarsus and tibia are about equal length. The foretarsus of the male is longer than‘ the tibia, and its third joint is longer than the second einen about equals the fourth, and is- twice the length of Paar hitth. =~. The wings are wholly hyaline (dull hyaline in the subimago) with weak cross veins. There are no accessory sectors in the median fork, but there are two behind the bisector of the cubital fork and the vein Cu, is more or less detached. Nymph. Length, 7 mm, with setae 4 mm; antennae, 2 mm. This nymph is less depressed in form than others of the genus. Its colors are bronzy green and brownish, paler below and on all appendages, and sprinkled all over the dorsum with very fine pale dots or granulations. There is a pale line across the top of the head in front, and there is a pale dot on each of the fore angles of the prothorax, and another between the inner basal angles of the wing cases; antennae, pale, except the basal segment. The body is widest on the mesothorax; the abdomen about as long as head and thorax together; the prothorax is wider than the head. Its sides are incurved anteriorly where they end in obtuse angles that project forward behind the eyes; the fore femur is much stouter than are the other femora, and darker in color externally ; all the claws are strongly curved, and each is armed beneath with a comb of eight or nine pointed teeth. The abdomen is depressed, it lacks the double row of dorsal tubercles that is characteristic of other members of this genus. In outline it is ovate, widest on middle segment, and it tapers more or less abruptly from the eighth to the posterior end. Segments 8 and 9 terminate laterally in flat triangular spines. Gills are present on segments 2 and 7, and diminish regularly in size from the front backward. The inferior respiratory lamina of each is bifid, and its divisions are fimbriate-lamelliform. The covering lamellae on each of segments 2 to 6 overlaps only very slightly the base of the one immediately behind it. That of the 7th segment, however, is of small size and is wholly covered. The middle seta is longest, and all three setae are clothed basally with minute spines and bear long hairs in the middle portion, and are bare and darker colored at the tips. This is the most generalized nymph yet made known in as Ephemerella group of May flies. None of its gill covers are wholly elytroid. It has no dorsal abdominal hooks. The thorax is high, almost compressed, and the abdomen is only moderately depressed. I name this species in honor of little Miss Dorothy Burke, who played beside the delightful streamlet wherein I found it. - \ IQ2 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Caenis diminuta. This little white dusk-flyer abounds in every submerged weed patch, its close clinging, flat-bodied, silt- covered nymphs adhering closely to the fallen stems among which they clamber. It has already been mentioned in the preceding pages as Swarming into our trap lanterns, as being found in the hatchery windows after emergence from the ,fish troughs, and as constitut- ing a very considerable portion of the food of young sunfishes. It was abundant throughout July and August. Tricorythus allectus. Since I described this species from Ithaca in 1905 [N..Y. State Mus., Bul. 86, p. 47] as Geren allecta, I have concluded that it should more properly be re- ferred to the genus Tricorythus.* Since that date I have found it abundant in two new localities, at Watertown, Massachusetts, in the summer of 1906, where spiders’ webs on the bridges across the Charles river were draped with innumerable tangled specimens, and at Moose river, behind the hatchery at Old Forge. One of its favorite swarming places was the open area above the pole bridge shown in the middle of the photograph reproduced in plate 1. Here it swarmed at midday filling the air like snowflakes, with dragon flies, and robber flies lurking around the edges of the swarm, capturing as many specimens as they could eat. | Choroterpes basalis. This pretty red brown species I ob- served several times in small companies swarming about the balsam firs on Wintergreen point in August. Habrophlebia vibrans n. sp. This delicate little reddish brown species I captured by hundreds near the outlet of Bald Mountain. - pond, where the brook crosses the road and begins its descent among the fern clad boulders. White winged companies of them were dancing up and down under the birch canopies, the lowest of them within reach of my net. I have been unable to determine from Bank’s description and figure of H. americana [Ent. News. 1903, 11:235], what relation this species may bear to that one from New Jersey. The nymph of that one as described by Berry (Amer. Nat. 37:27-29, 1903) does not belong to this genus at all: it is a typical Leptophlebia. I present herewith a figure of the venation [pl. ro, fig. 1] and of the appendages of the male, -and add the following further characterization of the male imago, the only form found: 1 See also Cockerell & Gill. Tricorythus, a genus of Mayfliies. Univ. of Col. Studies 3:135-37. A paper that has appeared since the above was. written. ee eae REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 193 Length, 4.5 to 5 mm; setae about as long, or the middle one slightly longer. Foreleg, 6 mm; expanse of wings, Io mm. _ Color clear brown; paler beneath, with the eyes blackish in- feriorly. Wungs hyaline, except the extreme base, which is of an amber tint. Legs white except the forefemur which is brown, and a pale brown spot'at the apex of the foretibia. Forseps beyond the base, and setae white, the latter with a few of the basal articu- lations narrowly annulate with brown. Abdomen transparent, whitish ventrally and to a less extent dorsally on the middle seg- ments, the sides of the dorsum being tinged with brownish purple. Many specimens, all males, taken swarming July 1, 1905. Heptagenia pulchella. This species was common here, as at Saranac Inn, and my collection of it shows a number of dates running through July and August. Heptagenia interpunctata. This species was taken by our trap lanterns from Moose river on the west side of the town, and a number of adults were taken from the hatchery walls. Ephemera varia. Only a few specimens were seen, and these were taken by trap lantern from Moose river back of the town. Potamanthus diaphanus n.sp. Under this name I describe an interesting species collected by Dr Betten at Squaw Island in the Niagara river near Buffalo on the 24th of July, 1906. Length, 8-1o mm; expanse, 20 mm;; setae of the male, 18-20 mm; fore leg, 13 mm; body and wings pale yellowish white, hardly darker on the top of the head and thorax but with a satiny sheen on the thorax and on tip of abdomen; tips of femora, tarsi and tibia very faintly infuscated, a subapical inferior spot on the fore- tibia being more distinct; setae, white, with the incisures scarcely darker; forceps white; eyes and ocelli, black; forceps of the male, regularly arcuate; basal segment twice as long as the two terminal ones together and rugose within: inner appendages united almost to the tip, half as long as ‘forceps, with a W-shaped apical outline. The lateral margins are contracted in the middle and narrower, with parallel sides, in the basal half [sce pl. 10, fig. 5]. Nymph. Measures 13 mm in length; setae 4 mm additional; antennae 1 mm long, their tips hardly surpassing the prongs of mandible, which unlike those of other species of the genus hitherto described, are longer than the head. Each prong is contracted just beyond the base and terminates in a straight, bare, brown point. Body elongate; little depressed; prothorax wider than the head, with broadly rounded, flaring lateral margins; fore legs longer than the others; the tibia much longer than the femur, beset with long hairs internally, and bearing a stout, straight apical spur, almost half as long as the tarsus; middle legs shorter and more slender than the hind legs; abdomen regularly tapering posteriorly; gills rudimentary on the first segment, almost equal on segments 2 to 6, é 194 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM deeply bifid, with the two divisions deeply fimbriate; setae, short, densely bearded, both sides of the middle portion bare at the ends, and paler toward the tips; there is a middorsal pale line along the abdomen and there are two rows of spots each side which sometimes become confluent. Dr Betten’s observations concerning the habits of this species are as follows: | ‘Returning on the boat from Buffalo I happened to look up, and saw a swarm about 20 feet above the water. I was able to take a few, but most of them were out of reach from the upper deck. It was too dark for me to see the manner of their flight. I re- turned next evening for further observation, but a strong wind pre- vented. I found the cast skins, however, belonging to this species floating upon the water, and drifting upon the shore. It is rather surprising that this interesting species, so common in a place much frequented by collectors, has escaped observation hitherto. . : (?) Choroterpes betteni n. sp. Under this name I describe another May fly collected at Hamburg, N. Y., on the first of July by Dr Betten, in whose honor I name it. Its reference to this genus is a doubtful one. Length, 5 to 6 mm; expanse, Io to II mm; setae of the male, 5 to 6 mm and of the female 4% to 5 mm; color nearly uniform, ~ dark reddish brown, slightly paler on the middle abdominal seg- ments in the male; wings hyaline; veins, pale brown; legs, yellowish brown; hind femur with two darker bands; forefemur of the male wholly dark; setae pale yellowish with brown joinings, three in number, equal; forceps of the male, pale brownish, darker beneath, with one very long basal, and two very short apical segments [| see pil. to, figs. 7 and 8]. The most remarkable thing about this species, a thing apparently quite unique among May flies, is that the female possesses a sort of rudimentary ovipositor. This is formed by a backward prolonga-— tion of the sternum of 7th segment combined with a downgrown horny process from the sternum of the 8th [pl. 10, fig. 6]. The sternum of the oth segment is prolonged in two separate obtuse triangular lobes far beyond the apex of the roth segment [pl. Io, fig. 6a]. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1607 195 Dragon flies at Old Forge (Odonata) As already remarked, the dragon fly fauna of Old Forge is less abundant than that of Saranac Inn. It possesses a number of interesting species, however. Hagenius brevistylus. This big dragon fly was frequently to - be seen on Moose river, by the hatchery, resting upon the pole bridge [shown on pl. 1] or upon boulders in the stream, or flying swiftly overhead:in the pursuit of prey. Repeatedly I saw one sweep through the air, and capture another big species, an unde- termined Gomphus, and fly with it struggling to the tree tops. A moment after it had alighted there, a gomphus wing would come floating down, and then three others, following. Gomphus sp. (?) This is a species just noted as being captured by Hagenius. But, though Hagenius could capture it with apparent ease, | could not at all. I tried repeatedly, and stalked specimens with the utmost care as they rested on boulders in the edge of the stream, and once [ came so near that I knocked a specimen into the water, but, notwithstanding all my efforts, I did not catch a single specimen, and so the species remains undetermined. It was a big olive-green species with the aspect of G. villosipes. 7 Gomphus spicatus. Cast skins of this species were sticking to the piers about Old Forge pond on June 20th, and a single live nymph was taken from the mud with the sieve net. Nu- merous species were seen along the road to Bald Mountain pond on the 2d of July. Gomphus ventricosus. I was delighted to be able to capture at the road crossing Beaver Meadow brook the only specimen that I have ever seen alive. It was darting in and out among the shrubbery, apparently chasing midges, when I succeeded. in landing it in my net. This was the. first record of its occurrence within New York State. I searched diligently all about the brook for nymphs and for cast skins, but did not find any. ; Dromogomphus spinosus. Several specimens of this hand- . some species were seen resting on the elder bushes by the road near Old Forge pond. Cordulegaster sp. (?) Young nymphs were found in Bald Mountain pond on July 2d, and in Beaver Meadow brook on June 21st, but no adults belonging to this genus were observed during the season. a 196 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Aeschna sp. (?) Nymphs of Aeschna have already been noted as occurring in the food of bullheads and sunfish in Old Forge pond. They were quite common in Bald Mountain pond and in Lily pond, and about every pond near Old Forge adults could be seen coursing on swift strong wing all day long the summer through. Anax junius. This species, so abundant through other parts of the State, is not common in the Adirondacks. Two nymphs were taken in Beaver Meadow brook on June 30th; no adults were seen. , Boyeria vinosa. A single young nymph of this species was taken in Moose river on the oth of July. A few adults were seen later coursing over the stream. Didymops transversa. Among the larger species coursing about the borders of Old Forge pond, this, one was conspicuous. It was common through the latter part of June, and a number of cast skins were seen sticking to the bushes along the bank. Helocordulia uhleri. This species frequented waters where the banks were fringed with sphagnum. It was seen in a few places up the channel from Old Forge pond, but not at the pond itseli, and it was not uncommon at the Twin ponds and at Bald Mountain pond. Tetragoneuria cynosura. This species was fairly common , about Old Forge pond, where scattering cast skins could be found along the shore, but there was no abundance of it to be at all compared to the condition described at Saranac Inn in Bulletin 47 of this museum. Cordulia shurtleff. This handsome bronzy green species is another denizen of sphagnum bordered waters, and was com- mon at [Twin ponds and at Bald Mountain pond. Libellula basalis. This species is rare in the Adirondacks, one or two specimens were seen, but not captured; nevertheless, there is no doubt about the determination. Libellula pulchella. Common about every pond and com- monly found foraging along the roadside at considerable dis- tances from water. Plathemis trimaculata. Another pond-loving species associ- ated with the preceding. Leucorhinia glacialis. This species was found only at the Lily pond, and only a few specimens were seen. Leucorhinia frigida. This species was likewise found only at Lily pond, but it was common there, and moreover it was REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 197 transforming in some numbers. There I obtained specimens in transformation, furnishing me a new life history; the descrip- tion of the nymph follows: Length, 17mm; abdomen, 9 mm; hind femur, 5 mm; width of head, 5mm; of abdomen, 6 mm; body rather smooth, mod- erately depressed, greenish brown obscurely mottled above, paler beneath with a conspicuous banding on the under surface of the abdomen: there are three broad brown bands, one median, and .two lateral (adjoining the ventral sutures), obsolescent anteriorly and more or less confluent posteriorly. Abdomen with no dorsal hooks at all (and therein differing markedly from fli ihe Other species of the genus hitherto made known); short, stout, straight lateral spines on segments 8 and g; those of 9 longer than the segment, and twice as long as those of 8; inferior appendages with very slender tips slightly incurved. Superior appendage slightly shorter, and laterals one third as long as the inferiors; there is a fringe of slender hairs along the sides of the 9th segment, and across its apex beneath. The labium has 1o lateral setae, the two basal ones being smaller than the others, and 12 mental setae, the outer seven longer than the others. , Calopteryx maculata and C. aequabilis. A few specimens of both these species hovered about the mouths of the inflowing streams of Moose river below the hatchery. They were about equally common. Lestes vigilax. This species was found associated with meveethinta -frigida in the Lily pond, and like it, was transforming abundantly. From material obtained there on June 30th, and other material obtained at Bald Mountain pond on July 2d, the following description of the nymph is drawn: The nymph is of the excessively elongate form characteristic of this genus and described for the group on page 231 of Bulle- tin 68. Length 26 mm and gills 1o mm additional. The color. is greenish brown, there is an obscure band of brown on each Museum Bulletin 47, Sympetrum and Leucorhinia are separated on char- acters found in relative length of dorsal abdominal hooks; and by the key this species would be traced to Sympetrum: at the time that key was pre- _ pared, only Sympetra were known to lack dorsal hooks. A new distinc- tion will, therefore, have to be found between these genera. The species now known as nymphs may be separated by the number of raptorial setae on the lateral lobe of the labium; these are in the three species of Leucor- hinia Io-11, in all our commion lesser Sympetra they are 9; in the aberrant Sse urruptum they are 13. 198 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM confluent along the gill axis. This species has five setae on each side of the mentum of the labium, and appears to be dis- tinguished from the others hitherto described chiefly by the possession of a spine on the lateral margin of abdominal seg- ment 3. The lateral spines in this species occur on segments 3 to g: in the other species on segments 4 and 5 to 9. The damsel flies of the following list were also collected sporadically during the summer and all of them were appar- ently common and widespread: Argia violacea, Enal- lagma-exsttlans, -Enallagma hageni, “Nigga bed MTA. iG Cimes “Sic a nia 6 ay ly esraeeiaise Contribution to the morphology of the Odonata Three years ago I suggested to Mr O. S. Thompson, who was then a student in my laboratory, that he investigate the homologies of the male abdominal appendages of the Odon- ata. There was then much confusion existing concerning the ‘terminal appendages, and no extensive comparisons of those of the second segment had been attempted, the fragmentary studies of Ratzeburg, Ingenitzky and Goddard being in the nature of preliminary examination of a few forms. We.have not known whether homologies are traceable through the two suborders. These parts being used more and more as a guide to relationships in the lesser groups, and as criteria of species, it seemed important that their nature should be better understood. Mr Thompson’s work was done in 1904, but the final preparation of his paper has been delayed by various causes until the present time. Meanwhile, the terminal append- ages have been carefully studied and fully reported upon by Drs Heymons and Handlirsch. ‘The results of Mr Thompson’s work upon the other abdominal appendages, those of the sec- ond segment, and adjacent thereto, are given at the-end of this article. — REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 199 CRANE FLIES Pamily DLIiIPULIDAE 3 Order DIP’ LE RA. The crane flies constitute a large group of two winged flies that is of great interest to the student of the genetic relation- > ships of the Diptera because of its rather generalized form =] ‘ XN Fig. 5 Tipula abdominalis Say 2? nat.size. (Reprint from N.Y.State Mus. Bul. 47) and structure. It is of. interest to the student of natural history also, because of the remarkable diversity of structure Fig.6 Larvaof Tipula abdominalis Say. (Reprint from N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 47) 2 and habits of the larvae. The group is largely represented within our borders, and during two past field seasons I have 200 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM been gathering specimens whenever I had opportunity, and studying life histories whenever other more insistent work would allow. In previous reports I have published more or less complete life histories of a number of crane flies with descriptions and figures of the imma- ture stages. I wish to add at the present time the description of another larva, and of two new species, a preliminary list of the species of © New York State, a key to our genera, and a study of the wing venation of the family. Crane flies are doubtless familiar to everyone, although, perhaps, to some, under other names. Figure 5 illustrates the dorm “of “the more familiar species of the field and meadow. “Daddy longlegs”’ they are called by some, but this name is applied indiscriminately to almost any other long legged insect. “ Gallinippers”’ is perhaps a local name, heard more commonly westward than within this State. Time was (and that recently too) when marvelous tales ef the biting powers of bottom land mosquitos were proved, by teference to dhe, size Oi mine “ sallinippers ” that could be pointed out in the infested districts; but that was before the recent awakening in the study of mosquitos had made everybody able to distinguish them from crane flies. The smaller crane flies are, indeed, mos- quitolike in form, but easily distinguished by their “structure: Certain adult crane tice ore provided with a long beak but it-is apparently not used for biting. None are harmful to man in the adult stage. Economic importance. As larvae a consider- able proportion of the group lives in the water; many live in wet soil and mud; some live in meadows and pastures; and a few live in wood. It is in the two last named groups that are found : pe Y Fg. 7 Pupae of Tip- the species that are injurious to man’s interests. “ula flavicans. (Re- print from N. Y. State rv a w inhabiting species Mus. Bul. The larvae of the meado habiting es Mus. Bul. 68) are known as “ leather jackets’ or “ meadow maggots.” They bur- row in the soil and destroy the roots of grasses, and when they es - REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 201 become abundant, they may be very destructive. The following are the more important papers dealing with the injurious species: 1892 Webster, F. M. Craneflies: Leather Jackets. O. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 46, p. 238-47. (Fig. of egg, larva and pupa and adult Tipula Mucor iis aia on aduly Pachyrina sp. ?) 1893. —————————— Methods of Oviposition in Tipulidae. O. Agr. Export, lect oer talsi—o4, pl.t, fie. 4-7, pl. 2, fig. 1) 2 1896 Hopkins, A. D. & Rumsey, W. E. The Meadow Maggots. W. Va. were Exp. sta. Bul. 44, p. 256 1898 Bruner, L. Craneflies Attacking Clover. Neb. State Bd Agr. Rep’t of Entomol. p. 256-57. (Discusses habits and remedies) 1899 Ewert Paper in Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrank. 9:328-2329. (Reviewed in) xp: Sta. Record; 1121066) 1901 Fuchs, F. Ueber einige neue Forstschadliche Tipulidenarten. (Sammary im Centralbl. Bakter. Abt. IT. 6:573) It appears from the foregoing American papers that the in- jury from crane fly larvae in meadows is easiest controlled by rotation of crops. Figure 6 is the larvae of a mud inhabiting species; those that dwell in moist soil are, as a rule, similar in form, with less of color pattern and with much shorter appendages about Fig. 8 Crane fly larvae: alarvaof Pedicia albivitta; b head from below; ¢ caudal end from above of the same; d ventral viewof end of abdomen of larva of Epiphragma fascipennis, showing protruded rectal gills; e larva of Raphidolabis tenuipes the end of the body. The pupae [fig. 7] are formed in the end of the larval burrow, the head end usually projecting up- ward near the surface of the soil. On plates 31 and 32 are shown the stages of development in a species that lives under the wet bark of trees and rotting logs [repeated from N. Y. State 202 NEW: YORK STATE MUSEUM Mus. Bul. 68, where first published], and figure 8a herewith shows the form and structure of the larva of a species that lives in the water of spring brooks [also copied from the above mentioned bulletin]. | Crane flies are much neglected by collectors of insects, for at best they do not make a very attractive collection, and good specimens are obtained only with more than the usual care that is bestowed upon them. At their worst they are an unsightly assortment of mostly legless fragments. Their legs break off very easily, and rough handling will surely lose them. But if specimens are taken ‘in a net with reasonable care, killed in a cyanide bottle without handling, and pinned soon after killing, there will be little difficulty in getting specimens with six legs. It will not do to leave them lying around in the cyanide bottle; for the legs soon become detachable with the slightest touch. If specimens are to be spread, the spreading should be done on a flat board drilled with small holes, and the flies spread in inverted position with the pin heads stuck down the holes.t. Thus placed, both wings and legs are easily arranged in any position desired. My own collecting of crane flies has been done chiefly about water and with the aid of a trap lantern. I have obtained thus mainly the smaller and less conspicuous species, nearly all of which belong to the subfamily Limnobtinae. I have found few new species, and of these I have described only those I wished to refer to by name in the venation study which follows. I have been on the lookout especially for such as would show new venational peculiarities or variations. The fewness of the new forms encountered is evidence of the thoroughness of the collecting. done by Baron Osten Sacken on his visits to West Point, Saratoga and Trenton Falls, while he was in the diplomatic service at Washington. Trenton Falls especially yielded him a large number of new species. Old Forge lies near Trenton Falls, and furnishes kindred habi- tats, and I was much pleased while collecting there to be able to pick up most of Osten Sacken’s species. In the following: list are included the names of 104 species of crane flies nearly all of which have now been recorded from the State. The list is of course very incomplete, and it is hoped 1 See my article, “A Simplified Spreading Board” in Psyche. 1902. 0 427-28. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 203 that the key and the figures will facilitate the collection and identi- fication of much new material in this neglected group. I have found the material accumulated in the course of the station work of the past two seasons sufficient in amount and variety, and in the range of forms brought together to serve for the basis of a study I have long wished to make of the venation of the crane flies. These are generally recognized as being among the most primitive of the Diptera, and among the more generalized of the families that seemed likely, on account of the great number of their members and _ conse- quent variety of interrelated forms, to offer materials for the solution of some pressing problems in taxonomy. That among the Tipulidae might be found the key to the solution of some of the remaining problems of venation has seemed altogether probable. | . Preliminary list of New York crane flies The following list is based on the collections accumulated during the course of the summers of 1905 and 1907 (mainly’ by trap lantern), the published records (chiefly taken from Aldrich’s Catalogue of North America Diptera) and data avail- able in the Cornell University collection. For the conven- ience of the user, I follow the order of arrangement of the above mentioned catalogue, although, as stated elsewhere I[ believe the natural order of arrangement of the group is therein frequently inverted. 1 Geranomyia canadensis Westw. A few speci- mens were taken in trap lanterns at Old Forge during August. Specimens from Manlius, N. Y. August 20, and from Ithaca (July 14-16) are in the Cornell University collection. This species hovers about wet timbers on the edge of streams or on wave beaten shores. Zen ipidiaiidelis: ©. 5. .This species: was. described by Osten Sacken from. specimens obtained from Sharon Sprmmcs Ney. -E-have not. seen = it. : oe ai ptata maculata, Meigen> .Ehis pretty. species I encountered at Old. Forge in two very different situations. A little company of males I observed hovering about the trunk of a tall beech tree in the yard of the cottage in which I lived (Camp Sakheywey). .The trunk was partially moss covered, and stood on the edge of the forest, and just before 204 NEW. YORK STATE MUSEUM nigntfall on several evenings in succession I saw a group of six or eight males of this species spinning slowly around the trunk in zigzag course, rising and falling, but never depart- ing more than a few inches from the bark, nor rising as high as the spreading branches above. By climbing a pole that leaned against the trunk, and swinging a net above me I was able to capture a few specimens. The other situation in which I found this species was in my water tent trap [see preceding chapter]. Here were both males and females, doubtless re- cently emerged from the bed of the brook; or, possibly from the scanty layer of moss that was exposed on some of the stones in the brook. This is a very different habitat from that reported from the European species of the genus — excre- ment, or decaying matter [Wahlgren. Ent. Tidskr.]. 4 Discobola argus Say. Several times reported from the State, hitherto, but not encountered by me. 5 Dicranomyia badia Walk. I collected this species sparingly at “ The Glen” Ithaca in May, and there are speci- mens in the Cornell University collection dated in June. 6 Dicranomyia brevivena O. S. Recorded by Osten Sacken from New York. 7 Dicranomyia® haecretrca .Q. S. - Taken aa Forge in August. 8 Dicranomyia immodesta O. S.. Taken iyggae at Old Forge in August 1905, and by Dr Betten in August 1906, at Niagara Falls. 9 Dicranomyia liberta’ O.:S. > Reported ty saga Sacken from New York. 10 Dicranomyia longipennis O. S. Reperemmam Osten Sacken from New York. Ir Dicranomyia moniliformis Doane. Described by Doane from Long Island. 12. Dicranomyia -morioides ©. S:>Repettenuuus Osten Sacken from Trenton. Falls. I observed males at “ The Glen” Ithaca about the middle of June 1907, swarming in vast companies, over an open roadway and in the hollow of a hill- side meadow. | 13 Dicranomyta pubipennis O. S.) Reportedageae Osten Sacken : from New 15. Dicrano my ta woe er ee York. 14° Dicranromyia teres... REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 205 eo dera monty ia simulans Walk. A full account of the life history and habits of this widespread species is given en pages following. ie reranuomyia pudica O.S. June, Ithaca, N. Y.. Cor- nell University collection. im eOtetaromyia stulta O. S: Reported by Osten Sacken from Trenton Falls, N. Y. Moe tmwoO bia} cinctipes Say... A few specimens: of this widespread and handsome species came to trap: lanterns at Old Forge in August 1905. 20 Limnobia immatura O. 8S. Regional, but appar- ently not yet reported from the State. PieeeimnOopia indigena ©. 5S. Taken .at-Old Forge in August. “The Glen” Ithaca on June 4th, and specimens are in the Cornell University collection from Manlius, N. Y. dated September 1, 1872. Apparently it is of wide seasonal range. 22 ino bia parietina ©: S: Described. from Tren- son Palis, N. Y. PePbiawiobia- solitaria.O. S, Reported by Ostea Sacken from the State. ae eae pita triocellata ©. S:- Described from Tren- ton Falls. In the Cornell University collection from Manlius, Weve: eptember 1,/1872: 25 Toxorhina muliebris O. S. Reported by Osten Sacken from the State. : 26 Rhamphidia flavipes Macq. I captured speci- mens of this species flying singly about the marsh near the Cornell University Biological Field Station about the first of June 1907. They flew from stem to stem, with considerable speed, but with little persistence of flight. a7, teephantomyia westwoodi ©. 5. A few speci-— mens came to trap lanterns set over Moose river at Old Forge in August 1905. Zor etatod picticornis ©. S$.) I have a specimen that has lost its label, that came, I think, from Old Forge, it was reported from Trenton Falls by Osten Sacken. S20 Oictanoptycha germana O.S. Obtained in trap lanterns at Old Forge in July and August. Pet cmelaphis: complexa ©. S.- Reported by Osten Sacken from Trenton Falls. Wo uit ocias.Oopalizans Ov S:. Obtained in’ my tent trap in Beaver Meadow brook in extraordinary abundance, as detailed elsewhere in this report. 206 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 32 Cladura indivisa O.S. Reported by Osten Sacken from Trenton Falls. 33 Cryptolabis paradoxa ©. S. Two male speer mens in the Cornell University collection were taken at Enfield Palis, Ne Y..on fuly 12, 1601, 34 Rhypholophus holotrichus O.S. Ithaca May 20, 18901. 35 Rhypholophus innocens ©.. S. ~* Phewaeaeee Ithaca, May 22, 1907. 36 Rhypholophus monticola O. S. Taken eon monly at Old Forge in trap lanterns in August. 37 Rhypholophus- meigenii’ O° S. -“hesaueee Ithaca, May 30, 1907. 38 Rhypholophus nigripilus -O. -S. ~ Tiga Ithaca, May 22, 1907. 39 Rhypholophus nubilus O: S. > “/Pitenaeeee Ithaca, May 22, 1907. 40: Rhypholophus rubellus O:. S.- “Reporegaees Osten Sacken from West Point, N. Y. Specimens in the Cornell University collection were taken at Ithaca, May 20, 1891. 41 Erioptera (Hoplobasis)armata O.-S) epee by Osten Sacken from the State. I have observed this species Swarming in a ravine in the Biological Garden at Lake Forest in Illinois. At a very low elevation in an open pathway that was overarched by shrubs, companies of a few score were dancing up and down, or, when disturbed, scattering with irregular zigzag flight. Among several hundred specimens cap- tured with a net from these swarms, all were males save three. 42 Erioptera armillaris O.S. Described tromaieam ton Falls. 43 Erioptera (Mesocyphona) caloptetaeae This widely distributed species I have taken in trap lanterns wherever I have run them, but always sparingly. A few adults | can usually be swept from vegetation in wet swales. 44 Seo ete ta: chlorophylla O. S. This crane fly, unique in its pale green color, may often.be obtained in very great numbers in trap lanterns that are set over beds of sub- merged vegetation in still water. The lantern that was set at the hatchery pier in Old Forge pond attracted considerable — *40° R. arcuatus Doane and go” R. parallelus Doane from Ithaca have been described since the above list was prepared (Ent. News. 19 :20I-2). REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 207 numbers, but not such excess as came to my lanterns when set in shallow lakes in the Middle-Western States. Its larva probably strictly aquatic—has not yet been found. EpercLopirerm clrysocoma, O. S.- Regional, but not yet reported from the State. 46° Brioptera septemtrionalis O. 8S. Obtained from trap lanterns set on Moose river at Old Forge in August 1905. | werinioptera (Acyphona) venusta O. S._ Rarely taken in trap lanterns. Occasional specimens, stretched out against the walls like grass spiders, could frequently be found on the Old Forge hatchery. This species frequents the fallen - leaves in the woods, and against the brown background of this leaf cover, it is well nigh invisible. Both these species 48 Piao pt era Vespektia Or s | are regional, but Weeeaoteptera villosa O.S. unreported from L the State. peMolophilus:hirtipennis ©. S. Taken in trap ianterns at Old Forge sparingly during July and August. “ The Giew- Ithaca june.17, 1907. ae; Mee olopiilius pwabipennis ©. S. -Taken in trap lanterns at Old Forge in August. ; Reported by Osten by oacken from: the PAO omyta- subcinerea ‘QO. S.J Sere. tne last | |; two from Tren- ton Falls. Pah aiped sy stisimatica. ©. S. Described by Osten Sacken from Trenton Falls. , ! 56 Helobia punctipennis Meig. is from Didymops and shows a ed SE transitional condition between those 7 a uy preceding and those following. Here the sheath is flat but chiti- nized entirely and reflexed more 3 7 over the penis. ¢ and wu show the d u highest specialization of sheaths of eee this type —thick, chitinized, in- terior surface flattened, a much reflexed for the reception of the penis. These were found among Aeschnidae. These sheaths of Cordulegaster and Tachopteryx are stiff, hard, black structures. They are supported by the framework the same as that indi- cated at x for Nannothemis. Figure 27 shows a more highly specialized type than in figure 26. This form of sheath seems to be better fitted to fulfil its function than the former type and in fact each sheath here is a very concave, O IS hollow receptacle for the penis. p is the sheath of Gomphus, a very well chitinized structure with a fairly deep cavity for the reception of the penis, indi- cated by a cross-section of its deepest portion. + indicates the position of the underlying eat framework. gq is the sheath of Gomphaeschna, one of a slightly different form in that the cross-section of its deepest part presents a wedge-shaped cavity. The other letters r, s and t represent other forms constructed on the same general plan as that of Gomphaeschna. In figure 28 the relative development of the hamules in the Anisoptera is shown, special attention being called to the de- velopment of the first or anterior hamule from the lamina. This is a series beginning with Cordulia shurtleffi and ending with Ophiogomphus. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 _ 261 In (zk) is a sagittal section from the 2d segment of Cordulia with the following structures noted, the letters of which indicate the same structures as in the other figures. e is a portion of one side of the posterior portion of the framework heretofore described, which is always intimately associated with the posterior hamules. Where the hamules are well chitinized and developed, this part of the frame is correspondingly developed. I'he hamules appear in some cases to be spread along posteriorly on this frame- work, adding to its thickness. It can be followed easily in all the figures. f is one of the posterior pair of hamules. This hamule in all figures here shown is _ well developed and in some cases very decidedly hooked at its upper point. g is the anterior portion of the framework which passes beneath the anterior lamina where we find but one pair of hamules, and in this figure, and those following, it passes below and posterior to the first pair of hamules derived from the an- ee terior lamina. This portion of the framework is the direct support of the penis in Zygoptera and of the sheath in Anisoptera. /h is the first pair of hamules developing just before g from the posterior edge of the anterior lamina. The lamina is shown at 7 covered with hairs’on its posterior and ventral surfaces. The first hamule h is not well developed; however, it is so far formed that one can easily homologize it with those more fully developed in any of the following figures. In (J), a sagittal section of Didymops, is shown a farther and decided development of the first hamule marked h in the figure above it. The other structures are similarly piaced and easily seen to be homologous. In (m) a very marked development of the first hamule is seen, it being, in this case, almost as large as the second hamule. In (), Tachopteryx, is to be noted the beginning of the lobed condition’ of the first hamule so well shown in (0), Ophiogomphus. In other respects, the parts are similar and similarly placed to those of the preceding figures. In (0) is pre- sented, perhaps the most extreme development in the way of 262 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM hamules. Both the first and the second are remarkably lobed, hairy and chitinized. The first has reached the extreme in regard to its bilobed condition. The second hamule has a sharp, strong prong pointing anteriorly or in the opposite di- rection to the lobes of the first pair.. The anterior lamina ‘is plainly seen anterior to the hamules with the framework in the same position as in other forms. i We may, I think, assume here that these figures represent a developmental series in eS to ake production of the first pair of hamules. Recapitulation of the important ote. in the foregoing paper: ea | 1 In Anisoptera the penis is found upon the 3d abdominal seg- ment, while in Zygoptera it is found on the 2d. It séems probable that the penis in Zygoptera is developed from the 2d segment, while that in Anisoptera is developed from the 3d and extended upon the 2d. However, evidence from embryology is needed here. 2 The supporting framework in both suborders is built on the same plan. 3 The situation of the posterior or second pair of hamules is homologous in the suborders, as well as the situation of the seminal vesicle. : arr: Zygoptera only’ one pair, the posterior, Be hamules is found unless we asstme that the peculiarly developed posterior lobes ‘of the anterior lamina here, are to be taken as hamules. ‘5 No sheath of the penis is found in Zygoptera homologous in ‘position ‘to that of Anisoptera, but we may assume that the. chitinized structure between the posterior lobes of the anterior lamina serves the same function as the sheath in Anisoptera, bécause of its location before and over the penis. 6 The sheath in Anisoptera and the penis in Zygoptera are in homologous positions, that is, directly upon the anterior por- tion of the framework which passes across below them. 7’ Evidence seems to show that the anterior lamina, first pair of hamules and the anterior portion of the framework, that is, the part extending under, and attached to the. lower surface of the anterior lamina, are developments of the sternum, while alt other structures on segment 2d come from the sternellum. 8 The Libellulinae among the Anisoptera seem to show the least specialized male genital apparatus, while it is difficult to.settle which is so among the-Zygoptera. The extreme in specialization of these parts is perhaps found among the Gomphidae. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 263 g The anterior or first pair of hamules in the phylogenetic series show themselves to be developments of the anterior lamina. | : 10 Among the. Libellulinae two pairs at hamules are not found, but as compensatory organs the genital lobes are very well developed. Genital-lobes are not found where the first or anterior pair of hamules i is well developed. 1I Among the Anisoptera, the Aeschnidae and the Gom- phidae have a very highly specialized condition of the ad Seg ment while the Libellulidae represent. the other extreme. The Cordulegasteridae seem to be transitional in some : respects be- tween the two. Bibliography 1742 Sesning R. A. F. Hist. des Insects Tome 6, p.. 387-456 1839 Burmeister, H. C. C. Handb. der Entomclogie 2:807-8 1857 de Selys Longchamps, E. & Hagen, H. A. Monographie des Gomphines _18€8 Brandt, A. Beitrage zur PaGHiekeliingek py em ae is, specularis; sqtwa- fmees:. “tenebrosts, tersites, texantus, “*tran- remus. -onireo lon, websterrperegtin.us,n. sp; arcticusandsequax. The last two may belong to Johannseni- eta Ceratepesvon biptunctatus Linne, which. is not 266 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM uncommon in New York, resembles specularis Cog. but differs in having the mesonotum opaque and sparsely beset with yellow hairs. Ceratopogon eques n. sp. Female. Head, with face, proboscis, palpi and antennae wholly fuscous ; hairs of the head yellowish; those of the antennae grayish white ; eyes widely separated, cut out around base of antennae, the latter with basal joints moniliform, first joint enlarged, two to eight shcrter than wide, closely sessile, ninth about as long as wide, tenth to thirteenth spindle-shaped, from twice to thrice as long as ~wide, thirteenth and fourteenth wider than the preceding, four- teenth especially considerably enlarged, its apex with a tiny papilla which is but little longer than wide. Facets of the eyes large. Thorax including pleura, sternum, and metanotum fuscous, sub- opaque, the scutellum concolored or but little lighter. Hairs of the dorsum pale yellow, a few longer ones over the fore coxae and the setae of the scutellum for the most part black. Abdomen fus- cous, subopaque, the hairs paler, except a few long black setae near base. | : | Legs pale yellow, the apical tarsal joints a little darker; coxae fuscous; hind metatarsus over twice as long as the following joint; fourth tarsal joint slightly shorter than the fifth; empodium .brush- like, as long as the claws. Wings covered with grayish hairs, no pale stigma on the costa, the hairs on the posterior margin of moderate length. The radius ends but little beyond the middle of the wing, the anterior branch of this vein ends in the costa about as far proximad from end of the posterior branch as the length of the small cell, which is nearly obliterated; media with short indis- tinct petiole; cubitus forks at about the mid length of the wing; veins fuscous. Halteres cream-white. Length 34 mm. This little fly was taken by Professor Needham in numbers from the wings of Meleoma at Old Forge, N. Y., in the summer of 1905. Ceratopogon peregrinus n. sp. Female. Fuscous. Head with the antennae, palpi and the proboscis fuscous; eyes contiguous; antennal hairs yellowish, the structure of the antennae as in C. eques, but the apical papilla over twice as long as wide. Thorax and abdomen wholly fuscous, with yellowish pollen and brown hairs; thorax subshining, abdomen opaque, pollen of the latter not conspicuous. Legs. sordidly yellow to yellowish brown, hind’ metatarsus about three times as long as REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 267 the following joint, fourth tarsai joint slightly shorter than the fifth, pulvilli about as long as the claws. Wings hairy on the apical half and on the posterior margin; R,,, ends at .7 the length of the wing, second radial cell about three times as long as the first, both distinct, base of the first radial cell, fork of the media and of the cubitus equidistant from the base of the wing, petiole of the media about half as long as the cross vein. Jalteres distinctly pale brown. Length 1 to 1.25 mm. Old Forge, N. Y. Genus CULICOIDES Latreille, 1809; Kieffer, 1899, 1906 Oecacta Poey (1851) and Haematomyidium Goeldi (1905) are probable synonyms. The type of the genus is C. punctata Meigen. It was formerly supposed that all the hairy winged species of the -‘Ceratopogoninae had terrestrial larvae, but this is not the case. Mik some years ago described a semiaquatic larva from which he bred Culicoides hippocastani, and I have reared several species of Culicoides aid also of the subgenus Ceratopogon from aquatic larvae which differ but little from those of the bare winged members of this subfamily. The North American representatives of this genus are: bigut- Pe cinetus, cockerel li, griseus, gatti- Remmi ue yiGe boris. om aculithorax ,(—=Oec- acta furens?), Hretene daa oni tabs lis: p h le bo - tte Sweatsh oa sc mt eldatus’ Meigen, ste 1- Peied, did.y aris p ¢nn.is:) Several of the species. listed with Ceratopogon may belong to this genus also. Genus BEZZIA Kieffer, 1899, 1906 sWiewer gives (Ceratopogon). ornata Meigen as, the type of the genus Bezzia. : Subgenera of BEZZIA . a Femora without prominent spines underneath............ Probezzia Kieffer _aa Femora with prominent spines underneath................ Bezzia Kieffer North American species belonging here are as follows: Subgenus Properma.albiventris, bivittatus, elegans, ele- Peatilas tlavoniver, cibber, glaber, inermis., Peacms pachymerus, smathii, terminalis. a eatd 268 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Subgenus Bezzia: barberi, expolitus, johnsoni, medius, pruinosus, pulverus, punctipenmiag setipes, setulosus, varicolor, venustulbi@ae = Genus JOHANNSENIELLA Williston, 1907 Ceratolophus Kieffer is a synonym. Name changed owing to preoccupation. i The type of this genus is nitidus Macquart. The following species are North American representatives of the genus: antennalis, argentatus, bimaculatus, eaudellii, diversus, flaviceps mn. Sp, soe. lacteipennis, longicornis, maculipenn 1Se aie nipennis n. sp, magnus, nebulosus, .pieumes politus, stiemalis. and wirtdis. Johannseniella flaviceps n. sp. The species described on page 105 (Bul. 86) may be called tlaviceps. To the description must be added that the media forks proximad of the R-M cross vein and that all claws are smal and equal. 3 Johannseniella magnipennis n. sp. Male. Head cinereous, mouth parts and antennae fuscous, the palpi and basal joint of the antenna rather paler. Antennae rather slender, about as long as the thorax, short haired, joints cylindric-oval. Eyes widely separated. Thorax densely covered with a cinereous bloom, covering also the sternum, scutellum and the mesonotum. Pile of the dorsum short, sparse, and pale. Abdomen, which is much shrunken in both specimens, is yellowish brown to brown; genitalia darker, apical lobes yellowish, hairs yellowish. . Legs elongate, brown, including coxae; tarsi white, the apical joint of each foot black; hairs of femora and tibiae sparse, short and pale; fore metatarsus about two thirds as long as its tibia; last tarsal joint with two rows of stout blunt spines on under side, fourth joint slightly broadened, somewhat shorter than the fifth; claws simple, equal, about half the length of the last tarsal joint; tarsi ciliate with fine stiff hairs on the flexor surface. Wings wholly hyaline, including the veins except the cross vein which is brownish ; wing extremely long and broad in proportion to size of fly, extend- ing considerably beyond apex of the abdomen, anal angle especially REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 269 prominent. Costa almost reaches tip of the wing, the posterior branch of the radius entering the costa but a short distance from its apex. First radial cell about three times as long as wide; the media forks before the R-M cross vein; the cubitus forks more than the length of the first radial cell before the fork of the media, the two anal veins do not reach the wing margin. Halteres with a grayish tinge. Length 2.5 mm (abdomen shrunken). Length of each wing 5 mm. Two specimens. Old Forge, N. Y. Johannseniella argentata Loew This species was erroneously referred to Palpomyia- Sees yas) in Bul. 86. Genus PALPOMYIA Megerle in litt. Meigen 1818 ‘The type of the genus is se Meigen (gent cwlata ere Subgenera of paLPpomyYIA a Last tarsal joint with two rows of coarse spines below....... Sphaeromyas freeisk tarsi joni with hans: Pelow 2.20 ...6 is. eee ee os ees Palpomeyia Alasion Rondani must be considered as a synonym of the sub- genus Palpomyia since flavipes Meigen (=hortulanus) is given as the type for each. | The following are North American species of this genus. Subgenus Sphaeromyas: longipennis,scaber,schwar-. “er, slossotae, stbasper,; tibialis: Subgenus Palpomyia: curriei,~-flavipes, lineatus, Diupater. trivialis’: ou Genus. HETEROMYIA Say, 1824. Restored to generic rank by Kieffer in 1906 | The type species is Heteromyia fasciata Say. North American species are: clavata, fasciata, fes- fivus, plebeias, prattii. | yb Genus SERROMYIA Megerle. Meigen, 1818. Restored to generic rank by Kieffer in 1906 S. femorata is the type. It is the only species yet recorded from this country. | 270 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Subfamily TANYPINAE Group Tanypus, Bul. 86, p. &o, line ‘18 from the bottom y Wings ‘bare -g Fork of the cubitus petiolate _h Ry apparently forked at its extremity (i. e: Rsts distinct) ..Procladius on Ry not: forked, cat sextremipyic.2 tins och oe ahi cal ee ee Psilotanypus 99 Fork of the cubitus slightly proximad of the M- Cu cross vein. h Ry with fork at its extremity (i. e. Re4s distinct) ......... Anatopynia Whe ea Wath Nts PEO tka Se se ee ees Protanypus ff Wings pubescent g Fork of the cubitus slightly proximad of the cross vein (=Ablabesmyia) ia gg. Fork of the cubitus petiolate h R, apparently forked at its extremity (1. e. Re4s distinct) Prone [see Ent. News, 1907, Dp. 4co] ’ hhoRarnotctorkeds* span aaa eo Srerne eee ws steno eee Trichotanypus Species which hee to this subfamily but not sufficiently char- acterized to place in the following genera are: bellus and flavicinctus (Procladius or -Psilotanypus), humenaliey tricolor and turpis. (bare-winged, possibly Anatopynia), tibialis Staeger and pictipennis (hairy-winged, probably Tanypus), baltimoreus and tibialis Say (wholly indeter- minate). | Genus PROCLADIUS Skuse, 1889 The following are North American species: adunrbratus, caliginoOS tis, -COMCIinTis, V prime brs, piste Scapularrs,thopacius, and anu birer, Procladius nubifer Coquillett 1905 Tanypus. : Coquillett, N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. June Falls in the couplet with occidentalis (2) in the key given in Bul. 86. Distinguished by its spotted wings. It is yellow; the first antennal joint, palpi, three vitae on mesonotum, lower portion of the thorax, the metathorax, and the bases of the abdominal seg- ments brown; legs whitish; wings whitish hyaline with about nine clouds or spots. Length 3 mm. Utah. Procladius thoracicus Loew 1866 Tanypus. Loew,’ Berliner Ent. Zeitschrift I have seen specimens of this species from New Jersey and Louis- jana. In the description given in Bul. 86 on page 129, the third line, place a comma after the word “tibia” and strike it out after the word “ tarsus.” REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 271 Genus PSILOTANYPUS Kieffer, 1906 This genus is represented by occidentalis in our fauna. Genus ANATOPYNIA Johannsen, 1905 The type of this genus is (Tanypus) plumipes Fries. The species humeralis and tricolor may belong here. Genus PROTANYPUS Kieffer, 1906 Protanypus heteropus Coguillett 1905 Tanvpus. Coequillett, N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. June Black ; halteres light yellow fourth tarsal joint short and dilated. Length 3 to 4 mm. Wash., N.M., N.H. The only species thus far recorded from this country. Genus TANYPUS ; Meigen, 1803, part ; —Ablabesmyia Johannsen, 1905, and Isoplastus Skuse, 1889 ‘pete Type of the genus is monilis L. All the North American species mentioned by me in Bul. 86 under the name of Ablabesmyia belong here. Besides these sinuosus, tenebrosus and miripes (Ccquillett, 1905), aureus Johan. (1907) and florens n. sp. are members of the genus. | The following key contains the varieties of the carneus-ornatus group together with the North American species not included in the table on Ablabesmyia given in Bul. 86. In a large series of speci- mens of the carneus-ornatus group [nos. 1-8] it was found that they exhibit such intergradation that it is difficult to define the specific limitations. They differ in the amount’ and intensity of coloration of body, wings and legs to such a degree that scarcely two specimens can be found that are alike in every particular. eter fe a Prevailing color of either thorax or abdomen or both, pale _b Thorax dull black; abdomen golden yellow........ 1th eu se) Johans/o7 bb Thorax yellowish : c Legs unbanded (carneus group) ' ad Thoracic stripes not margined with black e Gross vein® without cloud: 22.00 732.. var. I. carneus (Schiner). ee Cross vein with cloud es fohourii-tarsal jamt about two. thirds.of third «2.22. 02. oo.5 5: var. 2. carneus (Zetterstedt) 272 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ff Fourth tarsal joint about one half of third in length ......... miripes Cog. ’os dd Thoracic stripes margined with black e Cfoss ‘vein with cloud oe. sca ee ee var. 3. Sinuosus Cog. ’05 cc Legs banded (ornatus group) d Thoracic stripes not margined with black e- Cross. vein: mth dark: clond i! rset inns ee eae ee ee Vat.cs ee. Cross vem “without dark’ Claud ..-8.22 20.8... var. 6. johnsoni dd Thoracic stripes margined with black | e* Cross vem with Cloud 2.255 wrens var: 7. ornatus (Schiner) ée Gross: vein, without dark cloud: 42 5 Aye eee ee var. 8 aa Prevailing color of body dusky b Reis present at apex of R,, posterior margins of abdominal segments yellow; cross vein not distinctly clouded ........... fleorens tse ODI Wag ADSOMt oP 2 tenebrosus Coq. ’o5 and arietinus Cog. 708 Tanypus florens n. sp. Male. Resembles fastuosus but differs in being smaller, more slender, in having no black cloud on the cross vein and-in having the posterior margins of the abdominal segments con- spicuously yellow. Head, with mouth parts and antennae dark brown. Thorax brown, sternum, metanotum and thoracic stripes somewhat cin- ereous, narrow spaces between the stripes with rows of yellow hairs upon them. Other shorter hairs on the dorsum also yellow; scutellum pale brown. Abdomen brown, apical 4% or % of each segment yellow, pale coloring more conspicuous on the sides, hairs yellow. Genitalia dark brown, basal joint of each limb of forceps ovate, its greatest diameter about 1% the width of the last abdominal segment, apical joint slender, not as long as the basal joint, curved clawlike, and sharply pointed. Legs yellow with yellow hairs, apex of each femur and base of each tibia brown, the articulation at the knee yellow; tarsi somewhat more dusky. Fore metatarsus about .6 as long as the tibia. Wings hairy, cubitus forks slightly proximad of the cross vein, surface brownish hyaline, when held obliquely appears iridescent along the veins, giving the wing a mottled appear- ance; hairs yellowish brown; cross vein slightly darker than the adjacent veins but not covered by a dark cloud; anterior cross vein quite oblique and longer than the posterior cross vein; R,,, near apex of R,, pale yellow; halteres yellow. Length 2.5 mm. _ Ithaca, N.Y.; Boulder and Florissant, Col., and Washington state. . 2 re etl tithes REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 273 Genus PROTENTHES Johannsen, Ent. News, 1907; Tanypus Johannsen, Bul. 86 The type of this genus is cinctus (=pun'ctipennis Meigen). To this genus belong all species which I described under Tanypus in Bul. 86, with the exception of T. posticalis Lund- beck. The following new species will find a place in the key given in Bul. 86 with stellatus, from which it differs in its wing markings and leg coloration. Protenthes pulcher n. sp. Female. Head, including proboscis, and basal joint of the antennae cream-white, the flagellum pale fuscous, thirteenth and fourteenth antennal joints somewhat enlarged, fifteenth joint dark brown at tip; labrum and palpi fuscous ; occiput white with a brown spot back of each eye; eyes black, deeply emarginate. Thorax cream-white, the median stripe brown, blackish anteriorly, divided, posterior border emarginate, lateral stripes deep brown, produced backwards to the scutellum, scutellum white, scutellar suture nar- rowly brown; metanotum and sternum brown; pleura with brown spots as follows: a pear-shaped spot on each side of sternum sepa- rated from the brown of the sternum by a narrow white line, a tri- angular spot cephalad of this, and three small ones near base of wing. Abdomen wanting. Legs white, the tips of all femora, tibiae and metatarsi widely dark brown, second joint of all tarsi wholly white, third, fourth and fifth joints wholly brown, fourth joint linear. Wings thickly hairy, with a brown spot covering the cross veins, a broad fascia extending from apex of R, to the posterior margin of the wing, the band widening wherever it is crossed by a vein and constricted again behind it, a subtriangular spot near the posterior margin behind the cross veins, and a small one on the anal lobe. Venation like that of P. culiciformis but the media slightly more curved down at the extremity [Bul. 86, pl. 27, | fig. 15]. Halteres pale. Length about 2% to 3 mm. Old Forge, N.Y: Genus TRICHOTANYPUS Kieffer, 1906 T. posticalis Lundbeck is the only representative of the genus. The absence of the vein R,,, and the retracted position of the M-Cu cross vein are the distinctive generic characters. I have a specimen of this species from Ithaca, N. Y. 274 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Subfamily cHIRONOMINAE Genus CORYNONEURA Winnertz, 1846 Numerous specimens of C. atra (==celeripes) were seen in July hovering beneath the shrubbery which overhangs a little brook near Ithaca, N. Y. The figure given by Winnertz of the wing [reproduced in Bul. 86, pl. 36, fig. 7] is not strictly correct. The anterior veins though stout do not wholly obliterate the cell between them. Only when held obliquely does the wing appear as: shown in the figure. The larva is described by Thienemann (08). Genus CHASMATONOTUS Loew, 1864 Key of species a Yellowish species; abdomen dark brown, wings grayish hyaline, some- what smoky in front of the radius. California..hyalinus Cog. (1905) aa Dusky species b Wing with two prominent white spots, apex black [Bul. 86, pl. 27, fig. 16] bimaculatus Loew bb Wing not marked in this way c Wing with two white spots anda very narrow apical margin, whitish hyaline. Birtish- CGoluntbias nu. ose fascipennis Cog. (1905)- cc Wing with fewer spots d Wing with longitudinal vitta between the media and the cubitus; abdomen with posterior margins of the segments whitish. Alaska. an wit tees dd: Wing with abroad white transverse fascia: N:°Y......-i cease 3 unimaculatus NoTE. Bul. 86, on page 167, line 10, for maculatus read bimacu- ifske Sob eo | ; eRe Genus HYDROBAENUS Fries, 1830 Both larvae and adults have recently been described by Giard (1904). According to this author the male has but 12 antennal joints and not 14 as given by the earlier authors. The genus has not yet been found in North America. ¢ Genus PRODIAMESA Kieffer, 1906 This genus is distinguished from Diamesa in having a linear fourth tarsal joint, longer than the fifth. A specimen of Prodiamesa REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 275 (probably P. notata Staeger ’39) was sent to me by Professor Cockerell from Boulder, Colorado. This is the only species yet recorded of the Sus from this continent. - NOTE. Bul. 86, ease 178, line 5 from the bottom, for plate 36 read 30. Genus THALASSOMYIA | Schiner, 1856 Compare Scopelodromus, Bul. 86, page 307. See also an article by Chevrel in Arch. de Zool. Exp. et Gen. Ser. 4. 2. page XXIX in which the author admits the possible identity of the two genera. Key of North American species a Yellow species, thorax with ochraceous median vitta...... Ue Sp. aa Dusky species b Dorsum of thorax blackish, with indications of Hire’ stripes, covered with silvery bloom, most conspicuous on the humeri. N. Y..obscura _ bb Thorax black, humeral spot yellow; length 2.5 mm. Arizona.platypus _Thalassomyia fulva n. sp. Male. Head yellow, rostrum at tip and the basal joint of the antennae ochraceous; ‘palpi fuscous, slender, basal joint but little longer than wide, second twice, third thrice, and fourth four times as long as the first, the last joint quite slender; antennae and antennal hairs sordicly yellow, 14 jointed,’ last joint elongate as in Chironomus, eyes bare. Thorax clear yellow, the sternum, meta- noitum, and the three thoracic stripes ochraceous, anterior lateral margins of the scutellum with dark brown spots which are con- tinued in a fine line mesad in the scutellar suture. Abdomen sor- didly yellow, the anterior part of each segment paler. Genitalia resemble those of T. obscura but apical joint rather longer and blunt at the end. Thoracic and abdominal hairs yellow, thoracic setae sordidly yellow. Legs yellow, tarsi somewhat infuscated, fourth joint less than half as long _as the last joint. Fore legs wanting in the single specimen. Claws simple, empodium and pul- villi inconspicuous; two short black spurs at apex of each tibia. Wings hyaline, whitish tinged, veins including cross vein yellow, . cubitus forks distad of the cross vein, costa produced slightly beyond tip of the vein R,,;. Halteres yellow. Length 3.5 mm.. Old Forge, N. Y. NOTE. The name Thalassomyia fusca which appears on pages 174, 225, 271, 307, 308, 326, of Bul. 86 should read Thalassomyia ob- scura, as both names refer to the saine species. 276 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Genus CHIRONOMUS Meigen, 1803 The following table contains North American species which are not included in the key given in Bul. 86, and in addition tabulates the males of those species which are characterized by their dusky thorax and abdomen (the thorax sometimes having yellow humeri and faint indications of paler division lines upon the dorsum, the segments of the abdomen sometimes with gray or yellowish posterior margins; legs nearly unicolored, yellowish to blackish). @ Wings with several spots or bars b Wings with several spots. c Tibiae each with two distinct white bands..... naevus Mitchell ’o8 cc Tibiae without distinct white bands d Length 2 mm. or less e Wings with several spots, one at the cross vein............/..... labeculosus Mitchell ’o8 ee Spot distad of cross vein, halteres pale, foremetatarsus 134 times as tone. as=theviibiac: Soy. ot as cee nae néeedhami1 976m dd Length over 2.5 mm., halteres with dusky tip, foremetatarsus nearly 14 times as: lone ds-the tisias 3 a), s at ae oa nubeculosus bb Wings with fasciae or bars c Wing with two complete brown bars, the distal one mottled with clear SPOUSE: of goes Re oe eae ne ghee perpulcher Mitchell ’o8 cc No clear spots on bars d Legs nearly wholly. whitish, knees slightly brownish, less than one fourth of tibia brownish e Wing without black apical band..... calopterus Mitchell ’o8 ee Wing with wide apical band......... zonopterus Mitchell ’c8 dd Apex of each femur and basal fourth (or more) of each tibia, blackish e The dark band at apex of wing measured along R24; less than half as wide as the white band which precedes it.............- . poecilopterus Mitchell, ‘08 ce The width of the apical band nearly equal or greater than the white band which precedes it f Entire fore and hind tibiae dark..nephopterus Mitchell, ’c8 ff Fore tibiae not wholly dark g Apical: half ‘of hind: tibiae whitey. 220. haw. sos pulchripennis gg Apex of hind tibiae dusky h Middle section of hind tibiae whites. i..°.. 0... .c) eee exquisitus Mitchell, ’o8 hh Middle section of hind tibiae not pure white ............ taeniapennis aa Wings unspotted, sometimes with darkened cross vein b Thoracic stripes gray or blackish, or thorax wholly dull black; abdomen mainly black P . a REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 277 c Wings smoky, especially along the course of the veins, veins reddish brown, including the cross vein, end of knob of the halteres brown; (new name for caliginosus, which is preoccupied for fossil Species) 02... .. eee Ie oho as ee ea ithacanensis new name cc Wings hyaline, with brown cross vein d Forestarsi of the male bearded e Foremetatarsus not over 1% times the tibia in length f} Abdominal segments black, posterior margins sometimes gray, not yellow : g Foremetatarsus 1% times the tibia in length, abdominal seg- ments with faintly grayish margins...... niveipennis gg Foremetatarsus I 1,/5 or more times the tibia in length h Legs black, fourth tarsal joint of foreleg about 34 the length of the third (legs fuscous; var. meridionalis).......... hyperboreus hh Legs subfuscous, third and fourth tarsal joints subequal in Wotieulay heer A ge ee SoG eee oe annularis ff Abdominal segments with yellowish posterior margins g Ground color of the thorax gray, stripes blackish, humeri yellowish, large species 9 to 12 mm in length..plumosus gg Ground color of the thorax more yellowish, smaller species Pi SeO OA Me IETION os tae el Sek ee ye Pe he Dia sinus ee Foremetatarsus over 1% times the tibia in length peel ULE ES EMORY Soreece cin A Os Hociritw Sie hes maturus n. sp. ff Halteres dusky, third and fourth tarsal joints of the forelegs SET 2 eV SOY 9 eee SP re attenuatus dd Foretarsi of the male nct bearded ; e Male claspers unusually stout, foremetatarsus 1% times the tibia -in length; abdominal segments gray, margined with yellow; Nes eyelle wists gohan eS ata ts bake wd a2 ; ee Male claspers slender f Foremetatarsus abovt 1% times the tibia in length; black species, legs blackish, abdominal segments with cinereous margins... ; Stele ge pe ff. Foremetatarsus over 1% times the tibia in length g Thoracic stripes black divided by gray lines, humeri some- times yellow; abdominal segments black, posterior margins gray; foremetatarsus 134 times the tibia in length........ ; riparius gg Not as above in all particulars h Small species, 3 to 4 mm in length; foremetatarsus over Igasimes-the- tibianin. lenotiae. 2. 32...) . (208 St tat des hh Species 5 mm or more in length i Middle and hind femora each with broad yellow band Pie POLE ease pack eee es Gee en compes Cog. ’08 it Legs not so marked j With foremetatarsus about 1% times the tibia in length; Ga10 S mugen lene 5. oe Pa Aas ss cristatus jj With foremetatarsus about 1.6 times the tibia in length; demas iret THR ete a Foe oeaSan we ee eo Aes redeuns? 278 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM er bb Pale species c Foremetatarsus over 134 times as long as the tibia d Legs brown, tarsi conspicuously white; length 4 to 5 mm........ . i | hirtipes Mitchell ’o8 ote 0G Legs yellow; length: 2.5, to 3mm.) 22. 5.. flaviventris Johan. : cc Foremetatarsus less than 11%4 times the tibia in length . d Thorax with three blackish SenIpes, abdomen of female yellow, of Male -sreeton, ea iees sae ...lucifer Johan. (1907) ..dd. Vhoracic stripes paler. . e Length 5 mm., abdomen yellow, legs with Pea baride? seen snide fascipes Cog. ’08 | ee Length 6 to 7 mm . ; _. f Body reddish brown, tee dark: browns. si albistria ff Thorax with three testaceous stripes, abdomen green, foretarsi ofthe malecdairy: o.i6 bogie... sole Pees stylifera i) Sp, -Chironomus needhamii n. sp. The species described by me under the name ot scalaenus on page 201 of Bul. 86 should be considered as a distinct species, differing from the European form in size, coloring, and particularly in the metatarsal proportions. Named in honor of Prof. J. G._ Needham. I have seen specimens from New York, Indiana, Kansas, and Washington. Chircnomus nubeculosus Meigen 1818 Chironomus. Meigen. Syst. Beschr. I. 37, 37 1864 Chironomus. Schiner. Fauna Austr. I]. 508 Male. Head, with its mouth parts, thorax and abdomen wholly blackish, antennae and the hairs brownish, dorsum of the thorax appears pcllinose; when held obliquely abdominal segments with only. faint indications of cinereous posterior margins. Tho- racic, abdominal and leg hairs yellowish brown; genitalia slender. Femora brownish, tibiae and*tarsi yellowish brown; foretarsi not bearded, foremetatarsus over one third longer than the tibia; pul- villi prominent. Wings hyaline, with grayish spots; one at the junction of radius and media, one in the fork of the cubitus, one at the tip of Cu, and one or two in the anal cell. Cubitus forks slightly distad of the cross vein. When held obliquely the wing spots appear iridescent. Halteres with blackish tip. Length 2.5 to 4 mm. Female. Like the male but the wings are broader and in one specimen the wing spots are subobsolete. Florissant, Col.; Ithaca, N. Y.; Pennsylvania. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 279 I have had no European specimens for comparison, but Schiner’s and Zetterstedt’s descriptions fit my specimens perfectly. Chironomus ithacanensis new name mmew-name for €. cakiginostus. Johan is preoccupied for a fossil species. Cia ed Ss.O S10'S Chironomus maturus n. sp. ‘Male. The front, outer. eye margin, two rather slender frontal tubercles, pale yellow; antennae dark brown, hairs pale brown; face, proboscis and palpi subfuscous, basal joint of the antennae gray pollinose. Thorax gray with three blackish stripes, humeri yellowish, scutellum subfuscous, thorax wholly covered with a grayish bloom. Abdomen dark brown, apical one fourth of each segment yellow, which appears silvery when viewed from behind; posterior segments-and genitalia. nearly wholly grayish, the latter slender, resembling those of C. decorus. Legs brownish yel- low, the base of each femur, the knees, the fore tibiae and tarsi more brownish, coxae gray, trochanters -yellow, pulvilli brushlike, empodium pectinate, anterior tarsi sparsely but long. haired,. fore- metatarsus about one third longer than the tibia. Wungs hyaline, anterior veins yellowish brown, cross vein dark brown, cubitus forks under the cross vein. Halteres yellowish. Length 7 to8 mm. Female. Like the male but with broader wings and with slightly longer (proportionally) metatarsus. Ithaca, N. Y. Early spring species. | : Chironomus redeuns AN allee Specimens from Ithaca, N. Y., Illinois, and Boulder, Col., appear | to be this. species. The species resembles cristatus - and riparius’, but is smaller than either, and the foremetatarsus is nearly or quite 1.6 times the tibia in length, foretarsi bare; in color- me itresembles riparius .”~ - Chironomus barbipes Staeger A male and female specimen from Harrisburg, Pa. It has pre- viously been recorced from Chicago. Chironomus devinctus Say The foretarsi of the male are bare. From Old Forge, N. Y. 280 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Chironomus nephoterus Mitchell, ’o8 The foretarsi of the male without long hairs. From Old Forge, Ps aoa a Chironomus brachialis Coquillett This species varies greatly in the extent of coloring of wings and legs. From Old Forge, N. Y. Chironomus frequens Johannsen The foretarsi of the male sparsely bearded. From Old» Forge, Nes Chironomus lineatus Say In this species the radius, particularly the basal section, and the cross vein are more deeply yellow tinted than the other veins, though the latter can not be called clouded. The foremetatarsus is over one third longer than the tibia. The black longitudinal line on the center of the median thoracic stripe is conspicuous. From Old Forge, Ne Y. | Chironomus hirtipes Mitchell (1908) Female. Head yellowish, vertex yellowish to brownish, eye margin and occiput paler, the latter with yellowish brown hairs pro- jecting forward overhanging the vertex; antennae, including the hairs and the basal joint yellow; proboscis and palpi brown. Thorax pale yellow, in certain lights with a whitish sheen, especially conspicuous on the humeri; dorsum with three pale brownish longi- tudinal stripes, the middle one divided; some tiny black specks and streaks upon the lateral margin of the dorsal stripe in one specimen ; pleura with a black spot over each coxa, the anterior one largest; sternum brown; scutellum yellow, brownish along the anterior margin, metanotum yellow with a brown anterior margin which is divided by a yellow median line. Abdomen brown, the segments with broad whitish posterior fasciae; abdominal hairs dense and long, those on basal half of the segment are brown tipped with yel- low, those on the apical half are wholly yellow. Coxae, trochanters, femora and tibiae brown, tarsi conspicuously white, knees of middle and hind legs yellow. Hairs on legs dense, brown in color, except on the tarsi where they are short, sparse and white. Femora and tibiae unusually stout; pulvilli and empodium well developed; fore- metatarsus nearly twice as long as the tibia. Wings somewhat smoky, veins brown, base of the wing and also base of the veins + - a oe ——— —— Tee Ll Se ee ees | REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 281 to a little beyond the lobe yellowish; cross vein no darker than the adjacent veins; cubitus forks distad of the cross vein. Halteres yellow. Length 4 mm. Two female specimens from Old Forge, N. Y., taken July 8, 1905. Chironomus albistria Walker A reddish brown species of medium size. The whitish side stripes mentioned by Walker are due to pollen and are best: seen when - the specimen is held obliquely; usually more or less rubbed in captured specimens. The foremetatarsus is about an eighth longer than the tibia in female specimens. Specimens from Old Forge, N. Y., Illinois, and Pennsylvania. Chironomus stylifera n. sp. Male. Head sordidly yellow, palpi and proboscis pale fuscous, basal joint of the antennae testaceous, flagellum and its hairs brown. Thorax yellow with a slight greenish tinge; sternum and the three thoracic stripes testaceous; metanotum brown, with the anterior margin yellow. Abdomen uniformly green, pale brown toward the apical end. Genitalia brown, dorsal keel nearly straight, very slen- der, styliform, lateral lobes stout, shaped like a pistol handle, superior and inferior lobes much retracted and inconspicuous. Forelegs brown, basal two thirds of femur, and of metatarsus, and middle section of tibia somewhat paler brown; tarsi hairy; foretarsi bearded; middle and hind legs yellow, hairy, tips of tibiae brown, tarsi except the basal section of the metatarsi, infuscated; fore- metatarsus one fourth longer than the tibia; pulvilli nearly as long as the claws. Wings hyaline, anterior veins yellowish, the cross vein but little darker ; cubitus forks under the cross vein. Halteres yellow. Length 6.5 mm. Ithaca, N. Y. Chironomus lugens Kieffer A new name proposed by, Kieter-(1906)- tor. C. -lueu brs Williston, which is preoccupied. Chironomus leptopus Kieffer Proposed by Kieffer (1906) for C. longimanus Williston, preoccupied. Chironomus connexus Kieffer Proposed by Kieffer (1906) for C. confinis Walker, pre- occupied. 282 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Genus CAMPTOCLADIUS Van der Wulp, 1874 Camptocladius aterimus Meigen A male specimen of this species was bred from the earth taken from the base of some decaying mushrooms, October, 1907. Genus ORTHOCLADIUS Van der Wulp, 1874 3 Subgenera a Eyes hairy b Palpi-a joimtedaire eee al OA Ie eR eee “Trichocladias Kieffer bb Dalpt, 3.7 Qin eek ci oy Goa eee Fes ai ie eee Diplocladius Kieffer, ’08 aa Eyes bare b Pulvilli large, empodium long and filiform....... Psectrocladius Kieffer bb Pulvilli wanting ~ : -¢ Empodium filiform d: Palo 4° pointed = cca aioe errs case ti eee Dactylocladius Kieffer EG NAN LF IO IIECE ee ay ee eee Ye he ee tee Trissocladius Kieffer, ’08 cc, Empodium not distinct 22.7.2 o.: sae? ot hens ME ar ae eae Orthocladius Trichocladius lacteipennis n. sp. Female. Head yellow, vertical triangle and rostrum blackish, eyes hairy, hairs visible with an amplification of 20 diameters, dis- tance: between the eyes greater than twice the diameter of either eye when viewed directly from in front; antennae dusky yellow, basal joint and apex somewhat darker. Palpi not visible in either specimen. Collar yellow, prominent, incised at the dorso-anterior margin; mesonotum yellow, with three dark brown stripes, the laterals very slender, the median broader and widened out club- shaped along the anterior margin; scutellum, pleura and sternum yellow slightly infuscated, metanotum brownish to blackish, pleura with a black spot in front of the halteres. Abdomen reddish brown, more brownish on dorsum especially on the basal segments. Legs pale yellow, extreme tips of the tibiae and the tarsal joints wholly, more or less infuscated; foremetatarsus about .6 as long as the tibia; claws prominent, pulvilli conspicuous, nearly as long as the claws, empodium pectinate. Wings hyaline, tinged with milky white, broad, anal angle prominent, veins pale, anterior veins as far as the cross vein more yellowish; costa extends beyond R,,, one third -of the way to the tip of the media; cubitus forks distad of the cross vein. Halteres yellow. Length 4 mm. Pennsylvania. = a is ~ REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 283 Trichocladius politus Coquillett? f Some male and female specimens which may be the above species, agreeing with Mr Coquillett’s description, possess also the following characteristics. Eyes hairy, collar not incised on the dorso-anterior margin ; abdomen black with a greenish tinge, venter more greenish. Costa produced beyond the tip of R,,, over half the length of the cross vein. Pennsylvania. Psectrocladius aureus n. sp. Female. Head and mouth parts fuscous, proboscis black, eyes bare, palpi much longer than the antennae, basal joint short, second and third stout, apical joint slender; antennae dusky. Collar deeply incised on dorso-anterior margin, each side of incision with tooth- like projection; thorax dusky yellow, median stripe wide, black; laterals narrow, brown; metanotum and pleura brown, scutellum yellow. Abdomen wholly golden yellow. Legs yellow, tarsal joints slightly darker ; foremetatarsus about .9 the length of the tibia; em- podium filiform, sparsely plumose, pulvilli brushlike. Wings hyaline not punctate (under amplification of 75 diameters); costa very slightly produced beyond the radius, cubitus forks slightly beyond the cross vein. Halteres pale yellow. Length 2.5 mm. Kansas. Orthocladius sordidellus The species from North America under this name are probably not this species at all, as may be seen by comparing the description of the early stages given by me in Bul. 86 with that of Thienemann (1906). There seem to be several closely allied species which differ but slightly. To properly describe and distinguish «these would require more material than I have at present at my disposal. : Genus METRIOCNEMUS Van der Wulp, 1874. Synonym Wulpiella Kieffer — Metriocnemus exagitans Johannsen In this species the vein R,,; ends some distance from the tip of the wing and not “ nearly to the tip of the wing” as stated in the description in Bul: 86. I have seea so2ci'mens of this species from New York, Kansas, and Colorado. ; 2 Metriocnemus par Johannsen A female specimen from New Jersey has large abdominal spots and dusky thoracic stripes. Some female specimens from Old 284. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Forge, Ny Y., and from the Rocky mountains have dark brown thoracic stripes and the abdominal spots are nearly confluent on the dorsum. Metriocnemus knabi Coquillett In the description of the species given on page 306 of Bul. 86, line 9 from the bottom for “ laterals ” read “ peripherals ” and for ) “peripherals” read “ centrals.” Genus TANYTARSUS It is interesting to note that Ulmer (1903) and Lauterborn (1905) describe fibrous larval cases for European species similar to those figured by me on plate 26, figure 9, of Bul. 86, for T. exiguus. Chironomidae taken at Old Forge, N. Y., by Professor Needham during the summer of 1905 All the species were taken at light; those marked “tent” were also taken in the “ water tent’ on page 167 of this bulletin. Ceratopogon eques n. sp. C. peregrinus 7. sp. (tent) Johannseniella magnipennis n. sp. Procladius-bellus (tent) Tanypus monilis T. indecisus T. hirtipennis (tent) T. ornatus (tent) T. carneus (tent) T. johnsoni (tent) Protenthes culiciformis P. pulicher 7. sp. Corynoneura atra Thalassomyia obscura (tent) Le talvacn. sp: Chironomus needhamii n. sp. C. nephoterus C. brachialis (tent) C. hyperboreus new, var. meridionalis C. tenellus C. devinctus C. nigricans (tent) * described by Professor Needham . modestus . dorsalis . similis (tent) . albimanus lineatus . frequens . albistria . hirtipes Cricotopus trifasciatus C. bicinctus Camptocladius fumosus (tent) Orthocladius sordens O. sordidellus (tent) Metriocnemus par M. atratulus (tent) M. flavifrons (tent) M. lundbeckii M. debilipennis Tanytarsus pusio T. obediens T. exiguus T. fulvescens Glieion@iatovere 1905 1908 1904. 1905 1905 1907 1907 1899 1902 1906 1908 1809 1905 1864 1800 1803. 1804 1818 1g06 1908 I851 1906 1899 1839 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 285 Bibliography Coquillett. N.Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. June Wash. Ent. Soc. Proc. Giard. Soc. Ent. Bul. d. France, p. 164 Goeldi. Memorias do Museu Goeldi. Os Mosquitos nu para. p. 137 ? Johannsen. Aquatic Nematocerous Diptera. N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 86 Kansas University Science Bulletin, March, p. 109 Ent. News, p. 400, Nov. Kieffer. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, p. 69 Synopse d. Représentants europ. Ceratopogon. (Metz) 3 Chironomidae. Genera Insectorum. 42me Fascicule. see Thienemann Latrielle. Gen. Ins. et Crust. 4:248 Lauterborn. Zoologischer Anzeiger. July 18, p. 207 Loew. Berlin. Entomol. Zeitschrift. Centur. V. p. 51 Meigen. Nouv. Class. d. mouches a deux ailes Illiger’s Magazine. II Klassification u. Beschr. d. Europ. Zweifl. Insekten. J ——— System. Beschr. d. Bekannten Europ. Zweifl. Insekten. I . SNe Mitchell. Ent. News, p. 244 N.Y. Ent: Soc: Jour. Poey. Memor. sobre la Hist. Nat. Cuba. I Ruebsaamen. [Expedition Antarctique Belge. Chiro- nomidae : Skuse. Lin. Soc. N. S. Wales Proc. IV. 215-311 Staeger. Krojer: Naturhist. Tidsskr., II 583: 1906-8 Thienemann. Zeitschr. fiir wissenschaftl. Insektenbiol- 1903 1907 1846 ogie, p. 143 Ulmer. Allgemeine Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, p. 401 Williston. N.Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. March Winnertz. Stettiner Entomolog. Zeitung. VII. 12 Appendix D NEW SPECIES OF CECIDOMYTIDAE | Miastor americana n. sp. | Female. Length 2.5 mm. Antennae extending to. the base of the coxae, sparsely haired, brown, 12 segments. Mesonotum dark brown. Scutellum reddish brown, postscutellum fuscous yellowish..- Abdomen pale salmon, fuscous basally, yellowish apically. Legs a nearly, uniform yellowish brown. Taken at Highland, N. Y. June 18, 1907, presumably occurring on either beech or chestnut leaves. Type. C. 12116 N. Y. State Museum. Oligarces noveboracensis n. sp. Female. Length 1 mm. Antennae extending to the second abdominal segment, pale yellowish, 13 segments; eyes small, brown, ocelli absent, face yellowish. Mesonotum light brown, pleurae pale orange. Scutellum and postscutellum light fuscous yellowish. Abdomen pale yellowish, the basal and distal seg- ments pale orange, the ovipositor whitish. Halteres yellowish transparent. Legs short, about three fourths the length of the body, a nearly uniform pale yellowish white. Taken on office window, July 15, 1907, and presumably bred from some material brought into the office. | ype Co "1226, NX. State: Nieuseum, Brachyneura americana n. sp. Female. Length 1 mm. . Antennae extending to the base of the abdomen, thickly clothed with narrow scales, black, 12 seg- ments, Mesonotum very dark, brown, sparsely ornamented with yellowish hairs. Scutellum black with yellowish hairs basally, postscutellum and abdomen dark brownish black. Wings sub- hyaline. Halteres fuscous. yellowish basally, black apically. Legs mostly a uniform fuscous or black, the second and third segments of the posterior tarsi fuscous yellowish. Taken August 2, 1906, on a window and presumably bred from some material brought into the office. Type C. 734, N. Y. State Museum. 286 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 287 Lasioptera eupatoriflorae n. sp. Male. Length 1.25 mm. Antennae not extending to the base of the abdomen, sparsely haired, dark brown, the basal segments pale reddish, 12 segments; face pale reddish. Pro- notum fuscous, mesonotum slightly fuscous, the submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum and postscutellum reddish. Abdo- men reddish. Halteres and coxae pale reddish, femora yellowish at the base, brownish apically, tibiae and tarsi brownish.. Female. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae hardly extending to the base of the abdomen, Ir segments. Color characters about as in the male. - Bred August 24, 1907, from flowers of nero taken at Karner, N. Y. Type C. a1689, N. Y. State Museum. . epee excavata n. sp Female.. Length I mm. Antennae extending to. the eth abdominal segment, rather thickly haired,. black, the basal seg- ments yellowish, 26 segments; face with a conspicuous patch of silvery white scales, the head thickly clothed posteriorly with _silvery white scales. Mesonotum narrowly dark brown, broadly and variably margined laterally and anteriorly with pale yel- lowish, the submedian lines broad, pale yellowish and sparsely haired. Scutellum pale yellowish, postscutellum pale orange. Abdomen mostly pale orange, the second to sixth segments variably marked basally with dark brown, the markings being almost obsolete on the second, nearly reaching the margin on the third and extending thereto on the fourth, fifth and sixth segments; ovipositor pale orange, venter pale yellowish, sparsely clothed with silvery scales. Halteres pale yellowish. Coxae, femora and tibiae mostly pale yellowish, the femora parcowly reddish brown apically, the tarsi black. Bred August 6, 1907, from a pale green, ee brown blister- like mine on Crataegus foliage. eID &: a1576, N. Y. State Museum. Choristoneura clematidis n. sp. Female. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae extending to the second abdominal segment, sparsely haired, dark brown, 26 segments; face below the antennae rather. thickly clothed with silvery white scales. Mesonotum dark brown, apparently margined . 288 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM laterally and anteriorly with silvery white scales, the sub- median: lines sparsely haired. Scutellum and postscutellum. dark brown. Abdomen dark brown, the dorsum of the first abdominal segment thickly clothed with silvery white scales, the second, third and fourth abdominal segments narrowly margined posteriorly with silvery white markings, the latter obsolete laterally. Halteres yellowish basally, whitish apically. Coxae and extremities of femora and tibiae broadly and vari- ably yellowish, the middle dark brown, tarsi dark brown, the distal segments yellowish, the latter possibly denuded. _ Taken July 18, 1907, ovipositing in the stem of Clematis Vite in bana. = ? : | Type C. a15g6a, N. Y. State Museum. _ Choristoneura helena n. sp. Female. Length 2 mm. Antennae hardly extending to the base of the abdomen, sparsely haired, brown; 18 segments, the two basal segments fuscous yellowish; face with a white patch of silvery scales, the head posteriorly narrowly margined with silvery white hairs. Mesonotum black, sparsely margined laterally with silvery white. Scutellum nearly concolorous. Abdomen black, the incisures dark reddish, each segment sparsely margined posteriorly with silvery white, the venter a uniform silvery gray. Halteres pale yellowish. Legs black with | the coxae, the extreme base of the femora and the articulations of the tibiae more or less pale. : Bred July 1907, from round blister galls on Aster lateriflorus taken at Highland, N. Y. Type C. a1550, N. Y. State Museum. Choristoneura helianthi n. sp. Female. Length 2.75 mm. Antennae extending to the base of the abdomen, sparsely haired, dark brown, the proximal seg- ments, venter and face silvery white, 18 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, mostly denuded, the submedian lines dark. Scu- tellum ornamented with numerous silvery hairs, postscutellum with lateral silvery hairs. Abdomen black, the segments nar- rowly margined posteriorly with silvery white, the latter inter- rupted at the middle, venter silvery white. Halteres fuscous, pale basally, fuscous apically. Coxae black with silvery hairs, anterior and mid femora gray to the apical third, the posterior ol lS i is | ————— REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 289 lighter at the base, all black distally with the incisures clothed with silvery scales, tibiae black with the articulations clothed with silvery scales, tarsi black, gray ventrally. Bred September 3, 1907, from flower heads or leaves of Helianthus strumosus taken at Highland, N. Y. Type C. a1718x, N. Y. State Museum. Arnoldia absobrina n. sp. Male. Length 1.25 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, rather thickly haired, dark brown, 12 segments. Head, mesonotum, abdomen, coxae and pleurae all reddish yellow, the mesonotum with the sublateral area slightly brownish, the ab- domen sparsely clothed dorsally with fuscous hairs. Halteres yellowish transparent, fuscous subapically. Legs with the coxae and femora pale yellowish, the latter becoming darker distally; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Female. Length I mm. Antennae extending to the third ab- dominal segment, sparsely haired, dark brown, 12 segments, the basal segment and face yellowish. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum pale orange, post-— scutellum pale yellowish. Abdomen rather thickly clothed with _fuscous hairs, pale yellowish. MHalteres yellowish basally, fus- cous apically. Coxae and femora fuscous yellowish, tibiae and tarsi dark brown. | Bred from a jar containing Crataegus leaves bearing a sub- cylindric fimbriate unicellular gall. @ype CG a1555x, N.Y. State - Maseum. Arnoldia fraxinifolia n. sp. Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae about as long as the body, rather sparsely haired, dark brown, the basal segments yel- lowish, 12 segments; face fuscous yellowish. Mesonotum light brown, the submedian lines indistinct: Scutellum, postscutellum and abdomen a nearly uniform light yellowish or yellowish orange, the latter sparsely clothed dorsally with fuscous hairs, genitalia light fuscous. Halteres yellowish basally, light fus- cous apically. Coxae and femora pale yellowish, tibiae light fuscous straw, tarsi dark brown, almost black. Bred July 25, 1907, from badly rolled young ash leaflets taken at Newfoundland, N. J. Type C. a1572a, N. Y. State Museum. ie) 290 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Arnoldia hispida n. Sp. ; Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae longer than the pes thickly haired, dark brown, fuscous basally, 12 segments. Meso- notum dark brown, the submedian lines yellowish. Scutellum yellowish orange, postscutellum pale yellowish. Abdomen pale brown, rather thickly clothed with fine setae. Halteres yellow- ish basally, whitish apically, coxae, femora. and tibiae mostly pale yellowish, tarsi light brown. | Taken on Cornus at Albany, N. Y. July 6, 1906. Type C. 519, N. Y. State Museum. om ; Arnoldia minor n. sp. Male. Length 25. mm. Antennae extending almost to the tip of the abdomen, rather thickly haired, dark brown, fuscous basally, 12 segments; face fuscous. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum dark brown, yel- lowish orange basally, postscutellum dark brown. Abdomen uniform dark brown. Halteres yellowish transparent, coxae pale orange, femora and tibiae pale yellowish, distally with narrow reddish or brownish bands, tarsi dark brown. 3 Taken on a window at Nassau, N. Y. July 1, 1905. Type ©. 431, N.Y. State Museum. Arnoldia ungulata n. sp. Male. Length r mm. Antennae a little longer than the body, rather thickly haired, light brown, the basal segments yellowish, 12 segments; face pale yellowish. Mesonotum dark brown, the orange submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum pale red- dish, postscutellum pale orange. Abdomen sparsely haired, a pale orange, genitalia slightly fuscous. - Halteres yellowish basally, fuscous apically. Legs a variable —— straw, the tarsi slightly darker. — Taken at Albany, N. Y. July 6, 1907. Type C. 1221, N. Y. State Museum. Arnoldia vitis n. sp. Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the bodes thickly haired, fuscous, yellowish, 12 segments, the basal ones Mesonotum and dorsum of abdomen yellowish yellowish. brown. Scutellum, postscutellum, parietes and incisures pale yellowish. Halteres yellowish basally, fuscous apically. Legs yellowish basally, dark brown ge Mi oe _ ; id REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 291 Female. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae extending to the third abdominal segment, rather thickly haired, dark brown, 12 seg- ments, the basal segments and face yellowish. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines yellowish. Scutellum and post- scutellum yellowish. Abdomen a light fuscous yellowish, the incisures, pleurae and venter pale orange. MHalteres yellowish basally, fuscous apically. Coxae and base of femora yellowish, tibiae and tarsi mostly dark brown. , Bred July 15, 1907, in association with Lasioptera vitis | O. S. from the typical galls of this latter species. It would appear from the numbers reared that either species could pro- duce this gall. Type C. ar165a, N. Y. State Museum. Dasyneura adhesa n. sp. Male. Length .75 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, rather thickly haired, dark brown, 21 segments; face fuscous yellowish. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum reddish brown, postscutellum dark brown. Abdomen dark brown, the segments rather sparsely margined posteriorly with yellowish hairs. Genitalia fuscous, pleurae and venter fuscous yellowish. NHalteres whitish trans- parent. Coxae fuscous yellowish, femora and tibiae pale yellow- ish, narrowly annulate distally with dark brown or reddish brown. Tarsi brown, the distal segments darker. Female. Length .75 mm. Antennae extending to the fourth abdominal segment, sparsely haired, dark brown, the basal seg- ments yellowish, 22 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, the sub- median lines rather thickly haired. Scutellum and postscutellum light fuscous yellowish. Abdomen a nearly uniform dark brown, the basal segments yellowish, the others narrowly margined posteriorly with yellowish, pleurae and venter yellowish. In some specimens the venter is thickly clothed with silvery hairs. Halteres yellowish transparent. Coxae, femora and tibiae mostly pale yellowish, the femora narrowly and variably annulate dis- | tally with fuscous, tarsi dark brown. Bred July 16, 1907, from oval cells, between the adherent leaves of Solidago canadensis, identical with those made by Asphondylia monacha O. S. under similar conditions. Type C. a1568, N. Y. State Museum. 292 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Dasyneura anemone n. sp. Male. Length 1.25 mm. Antennae about as long as the body, sparsely haired, reddish brown, 15 segments. Head reddish yellow. Mesonotum dark brown, the narrow submedian lines yellowish. Abdomen dark brown, the incisures and pleurae yel- lowish, the venter reddish orange. MHalteres pale yellowish, femora pale yellowish basally, darker apically, the tibiae and tarsi dark brown, the latter almost black in some specimens. Female. Length 1.25 mm. Antennae extending to the second abdominal segment, sparsely haired, reddish brown, 14 seg- ments. Color characters about as in the male, except that the mesonotum is not so dark and the dorsal surface of the abdomen is more heavily clothed with fuscous hairs. Bred July 12, 1907, from a-loose bud gall on Anemone canadense taken at Kinderhook and Nassau, N. Y. type. Ce ars22,, N.Y “state Museum: Dasyneura coryli n. sp. Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae longer than the body, sparsely haired, dark brown or black, basal segments pale yel- lowish, 14 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, the narrow sub- median lines yellowish, sparsely haired. Scutellum and post- scutellum pale yellowish. Abdomen dark orange, very sparsely clothed with fuscous hairs. Genitalia pale yellowish. MHalteres large, yellowish basally, fuscous subapically. Legs with the coxae and base of femora pale yellowish, gradually becoming darker toward the tip, the distal portion of femora and tibiae light fuscous, tarsi dark brown. _ Female. Length about I mm: Antennae not quite as long as the body, sparsely haired, pale yellowish, 13 segments. The entire body a pale lemon-yellow though the vestiture of the abdomen is abundant enough to give some indication of band- ing. Halteres dark brown. Legs pale yellowish. Bred July 11, 1907, from a fuzzy wrinkled fold gall at the base of hazel leaves taken at West Nyack, N. Y. Type C. a1543, N. Y. State Museum. Dasyneura cyanococci n. sp. Female. Length 1.25 mm. Antennae one half the length of the body, sparsely haired, dark brown, the basal segment and face yellowish, 15 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, the sub- REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 293 median lines thickly haired. Scutellum brownish red, postscu- tellum yellowish red. Abdomen dark brown, the incisures dark reddish, the venter pale yellowish. Genitalia fuscous. Halteres pale yellowish, slightly fuscous apically. Coxae and base of femora pale yellowish, the latter slightly fuscous a tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Bred September 9, 1907, from a loose apical bud gall on blue- berry taken at Stowe, Mass. Type C. a17oo, N. Y. State Museum. Dasyneura fraxinifolia n. sp. Male. Length .75 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, thickly haired, brown, the basal segments yellowish, 14 seg- ments; face yellowish. Mesonotum reddish brown, the sub- median lines pale yellowish. Scutellum light reddish brown, postscutellum a little lighter. Abdomen fuscous yellowish,. the second to seventh segments shaded with light brown. Genitalia fuscous, venter light yellowish. MHalteres yellowish basally, light brown apically. Legs a light straw, the distal tarsal seg- ments darker. Bred August I, 1907, fom tightly rolled ash leaves taken at aBath, N:. Y- 3 fy pe-.- 41648a,. N.Y. State, Muséum. Dasyneura salicifolia n. sp. Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, thickly haired, fuscous yellowish, 16 segments, the basal seg- ment ventrally and face with patches of short, silvery hairs. Mesonotum dark brown, the lateral and submedian lines distinct and rather thickly clothed with long pale brown hairs. Abdo- men dark brown dorsally, silvery laterally, pleura with patches of silvery hairs interrupted beneath. MHalteres pale yellowish. Coxae pale yellowish with silvery hairs, femora pale silvery at base, fuscous apically, tibiae and tarsi darker. Bred August 14, 1907, from young terminal adherent willow leaves. Type C. a1675, N. Y. State Museum. Rhabdophaga salicifolia Tis -SDe Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae probably a little longer than the body, sparsely haired, dark brown, probably 20 seg- 204. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ments; face fuscous. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum deep reddish brown, post- scutellum dark fuscous. Abdomen dark brown, sparsely clothed with fine hairs. Halteres fuscous basally, fuscous yellowish apically. Legs a somewhat variable fuscous yellowish, femora basally light yellowish. Female. Length 2.5 mm. Antennae extending to the fourth abdominal segment, sparsely haired, fuscous yellowish, 20 seg- ments; face fuscous with a patch of white scales just below the eyes. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines rather thickly clothed with fine hairs. Scutellum reddish brown with numerous setae apically, postscutellum dark brown. Abdomen very sparsely clothed with fine hairs, brown, the incisures and pleurae deep orange; ovipositor pale yellowish. WHalteres pale yellowish basally, fuscous apically. Legs fuscous yellowish. Bred in July 1907, from a pouch gallon Spiraea salici- folia taken at Albany, N. Y. Type C. ar505, N. Y. State Museum. Asphondylia arizonensis n. sp. Male. Length 4.5 mm. Antennae a little longer than the body, sparsely clothed with fine hairs, light brown, 14 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, nearly naked. Scutellum pale yellow- ish, postscutellum reddish brown. Abdomen light brown, rather thickly clothed with yellowish hairs, the eighth segment pale yellowish, genitalia fuscous. Halteres pale yellowish. Legs mostly a light yellowish brown, the distal tarsal segments red- dish brown. Female. Length 5 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, rather thickly clothed with fine hairs, light yellowish brown, 14 segments. Mesonotum grayish brown, the submedian lines rather thickly clothed with fine hairs. Scutellum light fuscous yellowish, postscutellum a little lighter. Abdomen light yellowish brown, thickly clothed with fine, grayish hairs, the eighth segment yellowish, Bred May 18, 1882, from large galls coe aie the fruit of the prickly pear occurring on Cactus at Fort Grant, Ariz. Type C. 857, N. Y. State Museum, x 2676 U. S. Department of Agriculture. e Asphondylia auripila n. sp. Male. Length 2.5 mm. Antennae extending to the fourth ab- dominal segment, sparsely clothed with short, yellowish hairs, REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 295 dark brown, 14 segments; face fuscous brown. Mesonotum brownish black, the submedian lines distinct, rather thickly clothed with yellowish hairs. Scutellum reddish brown with a few apical setae, postscutellum slightly darker. Abdomen red- dish brown, the second and following segments very thickly clothed with long, golden yellow hairs. Halteres reddish brown, pale yellowish distally. Pleurae and coxae reddish brown, the femora, tibiae and tarsi a variable reddish brown. Bred February 6, 1897, from galls on Larrea tridentati taken at Tucson, Ariz. Type C. 851, N. Y. State Museum, x 7320 U.S. Department of Agriculture. Asphondylia azaleae n. sp. Male. Length 4mm. Antennae nearly as as long as the body, thickly clothed with fine hairs, light brown, 14 segments; face fuscous yellowish. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines thickly clothed with grayish hairs. Scutellum reddish brown, thickly clothed apically with long setae, postscutellum dark salmon. Abdomen dark brown, sparsely clothed with fine hairs, the segments rather thickly margined posteriorly with long setae, the eighth segment mostly pale orange, genitalia fuscous; pleurae rather thickly clothed with silvery white scales, the venter slightly lighter than the dorsum. MHalteres yellowish white basally and apically, brown subapically. Coxae and femora fuscous yellowish, tibiae and tarsi mostly dark brown. The female resembles the male closely in general appearance. Bred June 15, 1907, from enlarged azalea buds taken at Albany; N.Y.” Type C. a1481, N. Y. State Museum. Asphondylia brevicauda n. sp. Female. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, sparsely haired, reddish brown, 14 segments. Mesonotum dark brown. Scttellum yellowish red, postscutellum a little darker. Abdomen dark reddish brown, rather thickly haired. Halteres pale yellowish. Legs mostly yellowish brown, the tarsal segments darker. | Taken at Fort Yuma, Ariz. by H. G. Hubbard. Bype ©. 1040, N. Y-. State Museum. 206 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Asphondylia bumeliae n. sp. Male. Length 2 mm. Antennae a little shorter than the body, sparsely clothed with short hairs, light brown, 14 seg- ments; face yellowish brown. Mesonotum light brown, indis- tinctly margined laterally and anteriorly -with light yellowish, the submedian lines pale yellowish, sparsely clothed. with fine hairs. Scutellum light yellow, postscutellum light brown. Ab- domen light brown, rather thickly clothed with fine, yellowish hairs. Halteres yellowish basally, fuscous apically. Legs a variable brown, the extremities of tibiae and tarsi slightly darker. : Female. Length 2.5 mm. Color characters about as in the opposite sex. Bred June 6, 1896, from ie on Bie Oke lanuginosa taken at Nuecestown, Tex. 7 Type C. 849, N. Y. State Museum, «* 745 U. S. Department of Agriculture. | Asphondylia hydrangeae n. sp. Male. Length 4 mm. Antennae extending about to the fifth abdominal segment, thickly clothed with short, yellowish hairs, reddish brown, 14 segments; face and mouth parts yellowish brown. Mesonotum olive-brown, the anterior lateral angles vellowish, the submedian lines rather distinct and rather thickly clothed with yellowish hairs. ‘Scutellum yellowish brown with numerous long, yellowish apical setae, postscutellum yellowish brown. Abdomen dark brown, thickly and rather uniformly clothed with rather short, yellowish or brown setae, the latter color more apparent along the median line, the hairs on the sides and venter yellowish or silvery white. Halteres yellowish basally, reddish brown apically; pleurae reddish brown, coxae and the femora basally yellowish brown, the distal portions of the femora, tibiae and tarsi a nearly uniform dark brown. Bred May 6, 1884, from gall on Hydrangea arbores- cens taken in Virginia. Type C. 852, N. Y. State Museum, x 3353 U. S. Department: of Agriculture. Asphondylia ilicoides n. sp. Male. Length 3 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, sparsely clothed with short hairs, dark brown, basal segment pale at the base, 14 segments. Mesonotum brown, dusted with REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 297 pruinose, the submedian lines sparsely clothed with gray setae and with a lateral row of setae in front of the wing insertion. Pleura and scutellum concolorous with the mesonotum, the latter thickly clothed with long, grayish setae. Abdomen dark brown dorsally, sparsely clothed with gray setae, which are apparently longer posteriorly; ventrally the abdomen is yellow- ish-red, rather thickly clothed with short, shining gray hairs. Halteres pale basally, fuscous-subapically, slightly so apically. Coxae and the basal two thirds of the posterior femora luteous, the latter shading to a very dark brown apically. Tibiae and tarsi black, the anterior legs similarly colored; the mid legs have the femora quite a little darker at the base. Female. Length a little less than 3 mm. Antennal and color characters about as in the opposite sex. Ovipositor when ex- tended nearly as long as the body. | Bred June 20, 1907, from a small, oval, green bud gall on Peitcoides miuctonata taken at-Old Forge, N. Y: - Type. C. ar548, N. Y. State Museum. _ Asphondylia macrvfila n. sp. Male. Length 2 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, sparsely clothed with short hairs, light brown, 14 segments; face reddish yellow. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian. lines sparsely clothed with yellowish hairs. Scutellum pale yellowish with a few fuscous apical setae, postscutellum dark brown. Abdomen reddish brown, rather thickly clothed with fine hairs, genitalia fuscous yellowish. Halteres yellowish, red- dish brown subapically. Legs reddish brown, the tarsi slightly darker. Female. Length 2 mm. Antennae a little shorter than the body, sparsely clothed with rather coarse hairs, dark brown, 14 segments. Color characters about as in the opposite sex. Bred May 4, 1887, from galls on, Amsinckia lycop-. soides taken at Los Angeles and Alameda, Cal. Paivee ©. a55,N. Yo state Museum. * 175 in red ink, U-.-S. Department of Agriculture. Asphondylia salictaria n. sp. Female. Length 3.5mm. Antennae about as long as the body, rather thickly clothed with fine hairs, yellowish brown, 14 seg- ments. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines fuscous yellowish, thickly clothed with long setae. Scutellum yellowish 298 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM | brown with numerous coarse setae apically, postscutellum dull yellowish white. Abdomen brown, rather thickly clothed with fine setae, the segments variably margined posteriorly with whitish setae, the basal segment margined anteriorly and posteriorly _ with silvery white, venter thickly clothed with silvery hairs. Halteres yellowish basally, fuscous apically. Coxae and base of femora fuscous yellowish, distal portion of femora, tibiae and tarsi dark brown. ie Bred May 15, 1899, from willow twigs taken at Pleasant- ville, Ind. Type C. 859, N. Y. State Museum, *¥ 4423 U. S. Department of Agriculture. 3 Asphondylia smilacinae n. sp. Male. Length 3 mm. Antennae as long as the body, rather thickly clothed with fine hairs, light brown, 14 segments. Mesonotum reddish brown, the sublateral areas darker with a distinct irregular fuscous area at the anterior and posterior lateral angles, the submedian lines indistinct, dull orange, sparsely clothed with short setae. Scutellum pale yellowish, thickly clothed with short setae, postscutellum orange yellowish. Abdo- men a dull yellowish brown, the basal segment sparsely clothed with long, yellowish setae. Halteres fuscous yellowish. Coxae and base of femora yellowish brown, the distal portion of femora, tibiae and tarsi a variable dark yellowish brown. Bred from September 26 to October 2, 1888, from deformed berries of Vagnera racemosSa taken presumably at Wash- ington, D. C. Type C. 860, N. Y. State Museum, *® 4343 U. S. Department of Agriculture. Rhopalomyia asteriflorae n. sp. Female. Length 2.5 mm. Antennae extending to the third abdominal segment, sparsely haired, pale fuscous yellowish, 19 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum dark brown with numerous coarse setae api- cally, postscutellum fuscous orange. Abdomen reddish brown, the incisures and pleurae dark orange, ventral sclerites dark brown, ovipositor fuscous yellowish. Halteres pale yellowish basally, fuscous apically. Coxae and base of femora fuscous yel- lowish, the distal portion of femora, tibiae and tarsi fuscous. Bred September 25, 1907, from the somewhat dwarfed heads of Aster paniculata taken at Albany, N. Y. Type C. a1757, N. Y. State Museum. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 299 Rhopalomyia audibertiae n. sp. Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae probably nearly as long as the body, sparsely haired, light brown, 14 segments. Meso- notum dark reddish brown. Scutellum reddish brown. Abdo- men dark brown. Halteres yellowish transparent. Legs nearly uniform light straw. Bred in April, from gallon Audibertia stachyoides. Type C. 1029, N. Y. State Museum. Rhopalomyia clarkei n. sp. Female. Length 2 mm. Antennae about two thirds the length of the body, sparsely haired, fuscous yellowish, the basal segment and face fuscous; 17 segments. Mesonotum shining dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum dark red, post- scutellum fuscous. Abdomen dull red, the small dorsal sclerites somewhat fuscous, membrane and pleurae deep reddish orange, ovipositor fuscous yellowish. Halteres yellowish basally, fus- cous subapically, dull orange apically. Legs a variable fuscous yellowish. Bred October 8, 1907, from a very small, fusiform, pale green gall occurring mostly on the underside of the terminal leaves of Solidago rugosa and taken by Miss Cora H. Clarke at Tamworth, N. H. Type C. a1634, N. Y. State Museum. Hormomyia consobrina n. sp. Male. Length 5.5 mm. Antennae extending to the fifth ab- dominal segment, rather sparsely clothed with fine hairs, dark brown, 15 segments; face dark brown and yellowish. Mesono- tum dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum pale orange yellow, postscutellum a little darker. Abdomen dark brown, the eighth segment mostly yellowish; genitalia fus- cous, venter pale yellowish orange. MHalteres pale yellowish. Legs light fuscous yellowish. Taken May 25, 1907, on dormant azalea. Type C. 1204, N. Y. State Museum. Hormomyia johnsoni n. sp. Male. Length 5 mm. Antennae extending to the fourth ab- dominal segment, sparsely haired, dark brown, 14 segments; 300 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM face dark reddish brown. Mesonotum very dark brown, the sub- median lines narrow, dark yellowish. Scutellum brown, reddish apically and laterally, postscutellum dark brown, reddish basally. Abdomen sparsely clothed with fine hairs, shining black. Hal- teres pale reddish, yellow basally, slightly fuscous apically. Legs a variable fuscous yellowish, distal tarsal segments darker. Taken May 28, 1906, ey Prof. C. W. Johnson at Auburndale, Mass. ype Cr 821, N aa State Museum. Hormomyia palustris n. sp. Male. Length 7 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, rather thickly clothed with fine hairs, pale yellowish, 25 to 27 ‘segments; face fuscous. Mesonotum brown with the broad sub- median lines and posterior median area yellowish. Scutellum pale yellowish, postscutellum yellowish, margined posteriorly with fuscous. Abdomen yellowish with the first four segments mostly pale yellowish transparent, the fifth, sixth and seventh segments dull orange, genitalia fuscous yellowish. Halteres pale yeHowish white. Legs a nearly uniform pale yellowish. Taken May 20, 1907, in considerable numbers on a lake marsh at Ithaca, N. Y. by Dr James G:; Needham. Type C. 1205, N. Y. State Museum. Dichrodiplosis multifila n. sp. Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae about as long as the body, thickly haired, fuscous brown, 14 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum dark reddish brown, postscutellum fuscous. Abdomen dark brown, the seg- ments sparsely margined posteriorly with coarse setae. Halteres fuscous yellowish. Coxae and base of femora pale yellowish, distal portion of femora, tibiae and tarsi a variable brown. Taken at Porto Rico by August Busck- Type Cs 1024, -N.--¥oxState Museuni e360. i: S. Depart- ment of Agriculture. Dichrodiplosis quercina n. sp. * Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae ™% longer than the body, thickly haired, light brown, 14 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum yellow- ish brown, postscutellum darker. Abdomen reddish brown, REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 301 genitalia lighter, the segments rather thickly margined pos- teriorly with brown setae. Halteres pale yellowish. Legs light SetTa w. Bred April 6, 1893, from leaves designated as English laurel, probably Quercus, taken at Augusta, Ga. ype -€.. 1006,. N.Y. State Museum, *¥ 5493 U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture. Arthrocnodax apiphila n. sp. Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae % longer than the body, thickly haired, fuscous straw, basal segment and face yellowish, 14 segments. Mesonotum yellowish or reddish brown, the sub- median lines indistinct. Scutellum yellowish or orange yellow, postscutellum yellow or orange yellowish. Abdomen yellowish or deep carmine. Genitalia fuscous yellowish. Halteres pale orange. Coxae and femora basally pale yellowish, the femora distally and ‘tibiae light straw, tarsi light brown, the distal segments darker. Bred October 8, 1907, by Burton N. Gates, expert in apiculture, Washington, D. C., from small larvae which appeared to be feed- ing in mite infested material and excrement of old bee combs received from California. . Type C. a1775, N. Y. State Museum. Mycodiplosis corylifolia n. sp. Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae about as long as the body, rather thickly haired, light brown, the basal segments yellowish, 14 segments. Thorax and abdomen a nearly uniform pale yel- lowish, the scutellum and base of the abdomen a little darker ; genitalia whitish transparent. Coxae and base of femora mostly yellowish transparent, the distal portion of femora and tibiae pale yellowish, the tarsi fuscous straw, the distal segments darker. : Female. Length 1.75 mm. Antennae as long as the body, sparsely haired, pale straw, 14 segments. Thorax and abdomen a very pale lemon-yellow. MHalteres yellowish transparent. Legs yellowish transparent basally, the tarsi a very pale yellowish straw. Bred July 23, 1g07, from a fuzzy wrinkled fold gall at the base of hazel leaves taken at West Nyack, N. Y. PypecC. arsazb, N. Y. State Museum. 302 >. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Contarinia agrimoniae n. sp. Male. Length I mm. Antennae a little longer than the body, sparsely haired, pale straw, 14 segments; face pale yellowish. Mesonotum fuscous, the submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum and postscutellum fuscous. Abdomen a fuscous greenish white or yellowish. MHalteres yellowish. Coxae pale yellowish, fe- mora, tibiae and tarsi mostly brown. Female. Length 1.25 mm. Antennae as long as the badly. Color characters about as in the opposite sex. Bred September 3, 1907, from flowers of A grimon nia etipatotia taken at Bath, N.-Y:, Aucust 16,1907. ‘Fype C.-a16q6; IN. Y.-State hieseans Cecidomyia cerasifolia n. Sp. Male. Length .75 mm. Antennae twice the length of the body, thickly haired, yellowish brown, 14 segments, the basal segment and face yellowish. Mesonotum dark brown, the sub- median lines indistinct. Scutellum bright red, the postscutellum a little darker. Abdomen yellowish brown or reddish, mem- brane and pleurae brown on the basal segments, genitalia yel- lowish. Halteres yellowish orange, fuscous subapically. Coxae yellowish, femora, tibiae and tarsi a light straw. Bred September 4, 1907, from irregularly thickened folded chokecherry leaves taken at Newfoundland, N. J. Type C. a1571, N. Y. State Museum. Cecidomyia floricola n. sp. Male. Length I mm. Antennae ™% longer than the body, sparsely haired, pale straw, 14 segments; face pale yellowish. Mesonotum brown, the submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum yellowish with a few long setae, postscutellum yellowish. Abdo- men pale yellowish, the segments margined posteriorly with long hairs. Halteres pale yellowish. Coxae, femora and tibiae pale yellowish, tarsi brownish gray, the segments paler basally. Bred August 15, 1907, from somewhat enlarged reddened flowers of Spiraea salicifolia taken at Albany, N. Y. Type C. a1681, N. Y. State Museum. Cecidomyia macrofila n. sp. Male. Length I mm. Antennae a little longer than the body, thickly haired, light brown, 14 segments. Mesonotum reddish ees REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 303 brown. Scutellum light reddish yellow, postscutellum darker. Abdomen reddish brown. MHalteres yellowish transparent. Coxae, femora and tibiae pale yellowish, tarsi reddish brown. Bred August 6, 1902, from fungus taken at Las Vegas, N. M. iiype ©. 1023, N.Y. State Museum. . Cecidomyia piperitae n. sp. Female. Length 1.25 mm. Antennae as long as the body, sparsely haired, brown; 14 segments, basal segments and face yellowish. Mesonotum a shaded orange-red, the submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum reddish basally, light fuscous apic- ally, postscutellum deep orange. Abdomen pale orange. Hal- teres pale yellowish, slightly fuscous subapically. Legs a light yellowish orange, the anterior variably tinged with carmine. Bred September 4, 1907, from peppermint, Mentha pipe- Peed taken=at Nassau, N.Y. Type C. a1663c, N. Y. State Museum. Cecidomyia scrophulariae n. sp. Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae % longer than the body, thickly haired, light brown, basal segments yellowish, 14 seg- ments. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired. Scutellum yellowish brown, postscutellum fuscous. Abdomen pale yellowish carmine, the basal segments apparently with a variable fuscous spot. Genitalia fuscous yellowish. Halteres yellowish transparent. Legs a variable fuscous straw, the tarsi nearly black. | Bred August 8, 1907, from distorted flower buds of Scro- DMuagiariamarylandica taken at-West Nyack, N.. Y.- Type C. a1569, N. Y. State Museum. Cecidomyia setariae n. sp. Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae longer than the body, thickly haired, light brown, basal segments pale yellowish, the face light reddish, 14 segments. Mesonotum reddish, darker laterally, submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum darker than the mesono- tum, postscutellum reddish. Abdomen reddish yellow, sparsely clothed with long hairs, membrane and pleurae reddish yellow. Halteres pale reddish or yellowish, coxae pale yellowish, anterior and mid femora and tibiae gray, the posterior femora and tibiae yellowish, the anterior and mid tarsi brownish, the posterior tarsi with the two basal segments yellowish, the others brown. 304 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Bred August 25, 1907, from seeds Pf the common foxtail grass taken at Albany, N. Y. ‘Eype-C: arz72i,-N.¥.-State Museum. Cecidomyia spiraeaflorae n. sp. Male. Length 1.5 mm. Antennae % longer than the body, rather thickly haired, pale straw, .14 segments; face pale fuscous. Mesonotum brown, the submedian lines whitish. Scutellum yellowish. Abdomen a greenish bronze, the first segment yel- lowish. Halteres pale fuscous yellowish. Coxae pale yellow- ish, femora yellowish at the base, fuscous apically, tibiae and tarsi also fuscous. Bred August 24, 1907, from slightly enlarged reddened flowers, of Spiraea salrertolia’ taken at Albany, Nove Type C. a168r1b, N. Y. State Museum. Bryocrypta pectinata ineSp. Male. Length 1.75 mm. Antennae about 4 longer than the body, sparsely haired, pale yellowish, 16 segments; face yellow- ish. Mesonotum a lght fuscous yellowish. Scutellum, post- | scutellum and abdomen a pale yellowish. Halteres yellowish trans- parent. Legs a nearly uniform yellowish straw. Bred August 9, 1907, from a jar containing er basswood leaves, each with irregular subglobular swellings along the mid vein. ThiS species may be an inquiline or it may have lived on the decaying leaf tissues. Type C. at59g9, N. Y. State Museum. \ Winnertzia pinicorticis n. sp. Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae as long as the body, rather thickly haired, fuscous yellowish, 14 segments. Mesonotum dark brown, sparingly clothed with yellowish setae, the sub- median lines indistinct. Scutellum reddish brown, postscutelium a little darker. Abdomen dark brown. Halteres pale yellowish. Legs a nearly uniform fuscous yellowish. Bred February 16, 1892, from bark of Pinus inops taken ai SLE Ot, =) V eh . Type C. 1047, N.Y. State Museum, * 5217 Urs: Depart- ment of Agriculture. CIRGUMTIL! OF THE -CECIDOMYIIDAE! These peculiar antennal structures are what have been more generally known as arched filaments. They were first discov- ered by Targioni-Tozetti in 1888 and independently observed by Kieffer in 1895. They are most highly developed in the male Diplosids [fig. 43], consisting in these forms of nearly homogeneous whorls of long, looped filaments extending around the en- largements of the segments. Each loop is closely fused to the base of its fellow, and the entire whorl presents every appear- ance of being one structure. This peculiar development also occurs in female Diplosids, being represented in this sex by slightly elevated, nearly colorless threads supported by minute stalks. There is usually, in this sex, a circumfilum near the base and one near the apex of the enlargement of each segment, the two being connected by one or more longitudinal fili. There is very rarely a connection between the two or three circumfili on a segment in the male Diplosid, though an evidently abnor- mal connection of this character has been observed in the case Gp ine male TlOrmOmyia americana Felt [fig. 42]. The homologous character of these apparently different structures in the two sexes is confirmed by the fact that in the male Bremia [fig. 44] the basal circumfilum of the distal enlargement is low and exactly like that of the female. These structures occur not only in the Diplosids but also in practically all other Ceci- domyiinae, not being present, so far as known to us, in the Lestreminae. The genus Lasioptera has these structures in a very simple form, they being in both sexes merely slightly ele- vated threads supported by ‘slender stalks and joined on at least one face of the segment. Rhabdophaga and its allies have a similar arrangement, except that in the male there is a slight indication of greater specialization, and the same is practically true of Rhopalomyia. The most striking variations on some accounts are those found in the Asphondyliariae. The circum- fili in the male Asphondylia [fig. 38] consists of a more or less variable series of extremely tortuous, slightly elevated threads =—— 1 Read at the third meeting of the Entomological Society of America held at Chicago, Il, December 30, 31, 1907. 305 SK al oe see 306 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM reaching from the apex of the segment to its base, usually in the form of two more or less well defined loops. In the female, the circumfili girdle the segment near its basal fourth and apically and are united on one face by a longitudinal filum. The genus Schizomyia [fig. 39] in the Asphondyliariae is nota- ble because of its thicker, more elevated and more strongly convolute circumfili, though the general plan is similar to what obtains in Asphondylia. The genus Cincticornia [fig. 41], on the contrary, presents remarkable modifications, in that the male antennal segment may be girdled by 10 or more low anastomosing circumfili, while the antennal segment of the female is literally inclosed in a coarse reticulation of these © peculiar structures. Furthermore, it should be added that these strikingly modified circumfili are accompanied by marked and relatively constant variations in other organs. The male Dip- losids, as noted above, present the maximum development in these structures. The genus Contarinia [fig. 43], for example, is more easily separated from other genera by the occurrence of but two even circumfili in the male, than by the apparent uniformity of the enlargements of the antennal segments. The genera Bremia and Aphidoletes [fig. 44, 45] are remarkable in that the slender circumfili are greatly produced on one side, even to a length equal twice that of the entire segment. The Epi- dosariae show considerable variation in these structures, there being a marked tendency toward the production of long, slender tips at the apex of the segment. The most unique type is found in the genus Winnertzia [fig. 48], in which the circumfili appear to be modified to form horseshoelike appendages, one on each face of the segment, the produced free ends extending beyond the apex of the enlarged portion of the segment. These structures appear to have no homologies in related groups, unless they are analogous to the peculiar, apparently fleshy hypodermal structures protruding from relatively large, symmetrically placed orifices on the antennal segments of the Campylomyzariae [fig. 31] and of certain Chironomidae. The origin of these peculiar structures is not easy to deter-— mine. Kieffer, several years ago, suggested that they might be remnants of hypodermal lamellae, the margins of which had become thickened and chitinized, while the membranous portion disappeared. At that time we accepted his theory tentatively, as we had nothing better to offer. It is now extremely difficult . 4 1 ; ‘ : REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 307 to hold this as an adequate explanation of the origin of these structures, when one considers the very tortuous courses taken by these fili in the male Asphondylia for example, or the bizarre form presented in Winnertzia. Furthermore, if these structures were originally the thickened margins of lamellae, we would expect traces of a membrane in some of the lower forms such, for example, as the females of Dasyneura, Rhabdophaga and Lasioptera. There appears to be no trace of any such remnant, and we are therefore led to believe that these organs may be hypodermal structures which, through a process of development, have migrated from the interior of the antennal segment, be- coming external, and thus greatly increased their value as auditory organs. An.alternative explanation is that the cir- cumfili are simply specially modified setae which have become, in some unknown manner, most intimately connected one with the other. SLUDLES IN CECIDOMYIIDAE II The following matter relating to the Cecidomyiidae represents — only a small portion of our work upon this group. It is pub- lished as a preliminary contribution to the classification of our American forms. The tables for the separation of the major groups, genera and species have been sorely needed in the past, and will undoubtedly have a most important influence on all subsequent work in this extremely interesting and very important group. PRELIMINARY KEYS FOR THE RECOGNITION OF CER- TAIN CECIDOMYIIDAE The following diagnoses and keys should prove of consider- able service in identifying many of the American species be- longing to this exceedingly interesting group. They are to be regarded as tentative, since it has been impossible for us to go over the entire material in a thorough manner, and further study may lead to considerable modification in our views. Keys to subfamilies and tribes a Metatarsus longer than the following segment; five tarsal segments and at least four long veins b Fourth Jong vein present................. Subfamily LESTREMIINAE potiatrii vein rorkedes. 2.0 ii2. 06s Pace a Tribe LESTREMIINARIAE fe Pourth. vein sitiples.. 6.325.552. Tribe CAMPYLOMYZARIAE aa Metatarsus usually longer than the following segment; at least three MS gy CUNG ef ec re s Oitic ls Were sears nee oe os Subfamily HETEROPEZINAE _ aaa Metatarsus always shorter than the following segment; wings with three or four long veins............06. ose. subfamily CECIDOMYIINAE 308 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM b Third vein simple at base; not forked c Costa thickly scaled, third vein close to the anterior margin of the 2 I a RON a aM TC Cie ean em Tribe LASIOPTERARIAE cc Costa rare thickly clothed with scales, the third vein well separated therefrom d Antennae cyclindric, never binodose in the male é- Claws; toate. fase ceo aia ee aes Tribe DASYNEURIARIAE ee Claws simple he _f Antennal segments cylindric or subcylindric, not elongated, usually stalked in the male.. Tribe OLIGOTROPHIARIAE ff Antennal segments cylindric, elongated sessile.............--. - Tribe ASPHONDYLIARIAE dd Antennae binodose in the male............ Tribe DIPLOSARIAE bb Third vein forked at the base, apparently arising in most species di- fectly: trom) subeostars 4o- :,Sp:,. oC. .22 dd 4th palpal segment 12 longer than the 3d e Abdomen dark brown; scutellum reddish brown; dorsal plate convolute, broadly rounded distally and margined posteriorly with moderate setae (Catocha)..spiraeina Felt, C. 274 ee Abdomen dark yellowish brown; scutellum yellowish brown; dorsal plate obliquely truncate distally and margined poste- riorly with stout, divergent setae..f ranconiae n. sp., C. 930 bbb Antennal stem % longer than the basal enlargement c Abdomen dark reddish brown; scutellum yellowish brown; basal enlargement of antenna with two crenulate whorls and with a length about twice its diameter; terminal clasp segment bidentate SIEM MANN Re re etek en RE ts ey roe BE KE ise dyari n. sp. C. 035 cc Abdomen dark brown; scutellum dark reddish brown; basal enlarge- ment of antenna with one crenulate whorl and with a length a little greater than its diameter; terminal clasp segment acute dis- PE 06 ET ei aoa Se er ee ae Vernalts-n.sp:,-G 1260 CAMPYLOMYZARIAE Members of this group are easily distinguished from the Lestre- miinariae by the simple character of the fourth vein [pl. 33, fig. 4, 5, 7]. We recognize at present the two genera Joanissia and Campylomyza, though the latter comprises a number of divergent forms which should probably be referred to different genera. 312 ~ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Key to genera a Antennal segments globose with a smooth stem distally and. ornamented only with whorls of long hairs. The 3d vein is well separated from costa and unites with the margin at or beyond the apex.........05. Joanissia Kieff. aa Antennae variable, frequently with crenulate whorls and subapically with variously formed chitinous structures; the 3d vein uniting with the Wareun before-or near tHe anew. fet sae ee Campylomyza Meig. JOANISSIA Kieff. This genus presents a very characteristic form and is easily sepa- rated from all other Cecidomytids. The antennae in both sexes are composed of a number of segments, each consisting of a subglobu- Fig. 30° Joanissia photophila Felt, hes and toth antennal segments of male’ ye much enlarged. (Original) : lar basal enlargement ornamented only with irregular whorls ot simple setae and a smooth, cylindric stem distally [fig- 30]. The male has 14 and the female 11 antennal segments.’ The palpi are tri or quadriarticulate. The venation of the wing is very charac- teristic, as the third vein. is.well separated from casta, runs nearly parallel thereto and unites with the margin = or well beyond the apex; the fourth vein is simple. Nothing is known concerning the life history. of o our native forms, though Kieffer has recorded the rearing of several European species from decaying wood, from tufts of moss and also from a mold covering a fungus. It is very. probable that our American forms live under similar conditions, particularly as they seem most abundant in the vicinity of forests or other conditions where decay- ing vegetable matter is present in some abundance. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 oT. Key to species eat antennal segments, males b Legs thickly haired GeiioetcCupe umn reais DTOWN 205.2506 kl. cee eee dee sueeees (Campylomyza) photophila Felt, C. 747, 748, 753, 472 cc Postscutellum fuscous yellowish....flavoscuta n. sp. C. 653 OF SOS SERS US SS AS es es a ee a ae aa ee (Campylomyza) carolinae Felt, C. al619 aa It antennal segments, females b Abdomen dark brown, unicolorous; palpi triarticulate.............. fe Seon flavopedalis n: sp., C. 687 bb Abdomen dark reddish brown, fuscous distally; palpi quadriarticu- Late so. ed we ion at. (Campylomyza) carolinae Felt, a1619 CAMPYLOMYZA Meig. We have deemed it advisable to include under this name, for the _ present at least, all those forms not referable to Joanissia Kieff., Fig. 31 Campylomyza lignivora Felt, 5thand 6th antennal segments of female, - much enlarged. (Original) despite the fact that the species can evidently be broken up into groups, some of which should be accorded generic value. Key to species - @ II antennal segments -b Antennal segments with the stem ™% longer than the basal enlarge DSS 58s, ORG ee alae ae eo or aah Play os cutda Pelt.-C. 177 bb Antennal stem very short, the segments subsessile, females c Subcosta uniting with the margin at the distal third d Abdomen fuscous yellowish, unicolorous; antennal segments Btose Short haired isaac ee he ee sir ya. mt ny -sp. -C. 706 dd Abdomen fuscous yellowish, reddish basally; antennal seg- Moments mater. slender Jonge haired. ¢. 2 osa.e st See OS ? sylvestris Felt, C. a1620 ddd Abdomen reddish brown; antennal segments stout with sub- apical whorls of stout, chitinous spines..luna n. sp., C. 547 che anes NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM cc Subcosta uniting with the margin at the basal half d Mesonotum dark brown; scutellum dark reddish brown.... brevicornis Felt, C. 725, 756, 882, 1229 ccc Subcosta uniting with the margin at the basal 3d; abdomen fus- cous yellowish; antennal segments stout, with stemmed disks gilletti n. sp., C. 1239a aa 12 antennal segments, females b Scutellum pale reddish yellow; abdomen pale fuscous yellow; anten- nae with stemmed disks........... toxicodendri Felt, C. 122 bb Scutellum reddish brown; abdomen fuscous yellowish; antennal seg- ments with curved, chitinous Spines subapically~. ..\.. 7 <.omeeeeee versicolor n. sp., C. 617 bbb Scutellum dark brown; abdomen dark fuscous yellowish; antennal segments with a subapical chitinous collar c Chitinous collar on antennal segments apparently incised; 3d palpal segment narrowly oval, with a length about twice its GiiamTeter aes ji eats ee bene ogi ee defectiva n. sp. C. 715 cc Chitinous collar on antennal segments heavy, not incised; 3d palpal segment slender d Wings long, narrow; 4th palpal segment twice the ‘ener of the 3d, greatly Geen ee SNe silvana n. sp., C. 883 dd Wings medium; 4th palpal segment with a length % greater than @hegd as awe eae simulator n. sp. C. 885 bbbb Scutellum and abdomen dark brown; antennal segments with stout, chitinous spines subapically.......... kasloensis n. sp. C. 881 aaa 13 antennal segments b Antennal segments with a distinct stem and with crenulate chitinous whorls’ migle.-% sataeet eo te eee eemeein wane. vitinea Felt, C. 759 bb Antennal segments subsessile, with no distinct stem; crenulate whorls absent; females c Antennal segments with a flaring chitinous collar subapically d Wings long, slender e 5th tarsal segment on posterior legs with a length fully 1% to twice the diameter; terminal segment of ovi- positor somewhat produced, broadly oval.............. | tsugae Felt, C. 166 ee 5th tarsal segment on posterior legs with a length 2 to 2% times the diameter; terminal segment of ovipositor suborbicmar >... «dean eae boulderi n. sp. C. 886 dd Wings bread; length 2.5 mm, abdomen dark reddish brown. . latipennis-n, Sp. Ceamiee cc Antennal segments without subapical chitinous collar; scutellum — dark reddish’ brown: loi7.. . 0). 7.42. soe socialis aa sgi se se wae | St D- bis Cian. on. sp: Cx 6rS bbb 22 antennal segments c Claws stout; legs thickly clothed with scales. Bred from Solidago S.0 lindane Sit Sth 7 spe (Ce arcesy cc Claws rather slender; legs rather thinly clothed with scales.... ea wd ata masps, C. Ay7 aa Males b 18 antennal segments; abdomen thickly clothed with silvery scales.. Squamosa ne spy Cig22 bb 20 antennal segments (5 5th antennal segment with a length more than 34 its diameter . (Choristoneura) caryae Felt, C. i cc 5th antennal segment with a length scarcely 34 its diameter d Abdomen silvery white; tibiae dark fuscous orange ........ ecg et ti Me KSpes) Co ACG dd Abdomen silvery yellow; tibiae-and tarsi black...... ieee fais at at sps. Gs. G67 ddd Abdomen pale brown; tibiae dark brown..............++++- ies wea ne sps G.- 335 DASYNEURIARIAE Species belonging in this tribe may be recognized by the dentate se by the 3d vein being well separated from costa [pl. 35], a pee 336 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM and by the antennal segments being almost invariably stalked in the males. A large number of forms are referable to this group, the two important genera being Dasyneura and Rhabdophaga. The former are medium sized, usually brownish or yellowish. The insects breed very largely in leaf folds, leaf buds or loose leafy bud galls. The genus Rhabdophaga comprises a number of larger, usually reddish or reddish brown forms, which display a marked preference for woody tissues, a considerable number of species living in willow galls. The genus Arnoldia repre- sents a number of forms having 12 segmented antennae. One form breeds in the,tumid vitis gall on grape, while several others which were reared probably came from decaying vegetable matter. The peculiar, synthetic Diarthronomyia epee misiae is a western form and was reared from galls on sage bush. HOST PLANTS AND GALLS OF DASYNEURIARIAE Abies (spruce) Seeds ar ire Sav supe oot ats ee eee Dasyneura canadensis, a1428 Agrostis vulgaris (Red top or June grass) Ovipositine oni Rae cee ew coe ae Dasyneuta €faminis jee Alnus (alder) UG Bal Lic. aig casas ach see e eaka ee ee Dasyneura serrulatae sees Anemone canadense house’ bud:wall Se a praia Pela, or ae Dasyneura anemone, ais22 Artemisia tridentata (sage bush) Sto Vr Pallas ree. see ee Diarthronomyia artemisiae, C. 989 Cephalanthus (button bush) ‘Ewie Sail: bute ey eee ee Rhabdophaga cephalanthi, C. 1048 Clematis virginiana (virgin’s bower) val‘ stenr gall od OA coe wae Dasyneura clématidis, -aiese Corylus (hazel) Hairy leat foldis nce Be eas ee ee Dasyneura coryli, a1543 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 337 Crataegus (wild thorn) mockseamp teat gallr yo 07.0.2 cf... Arneldia ab sob fin a,< alss5x Eupatorium purpureum (Joe pye weed) 2 OSSUCE ee eee Dasyneura purpurea, atl693a Fraxinus (ash) Mrruite teat gall eo eae Sk ke Se Dasywewra~tuwini des 22s “a1gg2 = CH MLCAVESS ooo Sect i Gees wee Arnot d14a1fta einttoe lia jat57za fered: Pea Ves oon 3 Su cw eS Dasyneura fraxinitol 1a‘, car64q8a Head. of deformed leaves... 0... 5... Dasyneura apicatus, al7i2 Galium (bed straw) CELLOS S70 Ey Mee a Se re ee Dasy neu ra ealid; aiozok | Gleditschia (honey locust) Mulded, feailets? 2. ...2.04. 6. . Dasyneura.s he ditschaae!O.S.-C-os8 Lepidium (pepper grass) “Dasyneura lepidii, C. 1035 Lysimachia (loosestrife) Edose bud: calls orto Dasyneura lysimachiae Beutm., ali1gz Piperita (peppermint) Rremise atid ad apa thence kc Swi * Dasyneura piperitae; aro63a Populus (poplar) Twigs bearing white cocoons........ Riabdophaes.popult, -€. 78x Quercus (oak) ACOTNS. . 53. Se Suh Ee ee ee Diasyneuta oe lan das >. C2 1030 Rhus (sumac) (ind Pp VEEN Sgt Big I Re ee ge Dasynedgra rhers’ Cog Robinia (common locust) Walded leaflets. <2: ..2....5. Dasyneura pseudacaciae Fitch, a1355 Rosa (rose) Mretcd leaves 22 es ee Dasyneura ? rosarum Hardy, at4g1 RS ke ee es Dasyneura rhodophaga Coq. a1390 ieanee sosette bud gall......-....-. Rhabdophaga vposacea, C.-1244 338 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Rubus (blackberry) BiGssoms 222 scolae oc ei cee Dasyneura “abit ho Lae C. 990 Salix (willow) Curled leavess. -225cvreealan eee Dasyneura salictfolta, ares Rolled) leawes... -.a0" se hora oe seen eee Rhabdophaga plicata, >= eae Bud galls Small“ rosette seall she Rhabdophaga racemi, C. 1245 Small “rosette ,eall: 22.428 Rhabdophaga normanitansa) ee Large, loose rosette gall....Rhabdophaga rhodoides, C. 1247 Large, open: rosdiee salle ae ee eee ee ee at er Rhabdophaga brassicoides Walsh, a1173 Large, close rosette. (pine cone) gall... ... 2.25.25 pn 4 ee Rhabdophaga. strobiloides “Walsig saaam= Large, close rosetfe (pine come) gall.....5...4.... 280.5) See Rhabdophaga persima lisyeaeae Large, close rosette (pine cone) gall)... 4.16.0. 2.25. ee Rhabdophaga albovittata Walsh, aladza, al433a Small bud*galls.c ese eet nee Dasyneura californiea sae Sinall bud = gallec/ 0.2 ae ene Rhabdophaga gemmae, C. 254 Twig galls : Apical, elongate, beaked: (rigidac)- gall...-.72... <2...) Rhabdophaga sodalitatis, a1o74b ce oles twig with massed buds (Triticoides and Hordeoides gall of Walsh)........Rhabdophaga triticoides, al07ex, aiegam Nodular gall'at base of twig. 720 0o 23 iy el oe Rhabdophaga nodula Walsh, ar412 Subglobular, lateral gallon). Rhabdophaga globosa, aro84a Irregular ovoid -or: globular .galls o22... [of ee Rhabdophaga Bie ae Walsh, a686, ar102, ar108 Irregular, ‘elongate swelling seo). < os. <3 a eee = ons | a Rhabdophaga salicis Schrank, a1356 Inconspicuous knotted gall..Rhabdophaga latipennis, C. 782 Slight, swelling of branch 3.4). 5.04, 4s 2 Oe Slee a te Rhabdophaga podagrae, a1399, al076y Twig hardly enlarged.......Rhabdophaga ramuscula, al449a Solidago (golden rod) Blaster: gall Poa Ct a oa eee Dasyneura carbona tia sages Loose pod of adherent terminal leaves..Dasyneura folliculi, a1581 Spiraea (meadow sweet) Dumid> deat fold: hs sacks wore eee Dasyneura salircitolia, ame Rhabdophaga salicifolia, CC. tess ares Trifolium (clover) Folded léeaves..... PT tig eit Dasyneura trifolii, C. 456m, 743 Flower heads::.:Dasyneura leguminicola-Lintn, CG 134, a1605 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 339 Ulmus (elm) DRAIN RE Na A marten chy Dasyneura ulmea, C. 88 -\. Vaccinium (cranberry) Peonmrtndaalt. ron At ee Dasyneura vac¢éinii Smith; G 957 : Vitis (grape) munne teat pall: =. oss. ol... st ‘Sacto oes Dasyneura,vitis,.abiosb Perrarirtertesen alee ee ACO tay Vabis 20a) tone Wood, decaying RIG) MINCE es ea. bees oes Dasyneura flavotibialis, al454 Yucca Das ymewra-yuceae;-C.1053 Key to genera rcp mote Tacit E 2 oe eee ed Se hn cde sw Diarthronomyia n. g. aa Palpi quadriarticulate Periiennae » with 12 sepments. 0.5.5 525.5..28. 60: ee ae Arnoldia Kieff. bb Antennae usually with more than 12 segments c 3d vein uniting with costa distinctly before the wing apex, straight or curved anteriorly and tapering but little distally....Dasyneura Rond. cc 3d vein uniting with costa very near or at the wing apex, straight and Msrallwctaporites MAISt Aly O82) Li visti eee ee ea ke Rhabdophaga Westw. DIARTHRONOMYIA Ni. g. This genus presents a general resemblance to Rhopalomyia and like it has biarticulate palps and a great similarity in the structure of the male genitalia. Fhe minutely unidentate claws associate it with Rhabdophaga and its allies. The wing is illus- trated on plate 34, figure 9. ipa rte nits sta. ¢ Diarthronomyia artemisiae n. sp. Male. Length 2 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the body, rather thickly haired, yellowish brown, 18 segments; mesonotum dark reddish brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired; scutel- lum reddish brown, postscutellum darker; abdomen sparsely haired, reddish brown; halteres yellowish transparent; legs a variable light straw, lighter distally. Female. Length 3 mm. Antennae extending to the 3d abdom- inal segment; sparsely haired, pale yellowish, probably composed of 18 segments; color characters about as in the opposite sex. 4 7 ‘f “a Ree ne rey -~ Te 340 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Described from several specimens bred June 16, 1883, from sage bush, Artemisia tridentata, at Fort Garland, Col. This species may possibly be identical with the Rhabdo- phaga tridentatae Rubs. which was bred from this plant, though this last named form is credited with having but 10 antennal segments and the stem being but % the length of the basal enlargement, whereas in the form under consideration the stem is at least 34 the length of the basal enlargement. Type C. 989, U. S. National Museum 3120 ARNOLDIA Kieff. Males a Stem of antennal segment about % longer than the basal enlargement b Abdomen pale orange, palp 2 segmented, ventral plate broadly and roundly emarginate, dorsal plate broad and roundly emarginate _ . ungulata Felis bb Abdomen pale brown, palp 4 segmented, ventral plate slightly emar- ginate, dorsal plate triangularly emarginate 5: /....-. ..seeaeeeee hispida Felt, © 510 bbb Abdomen dark yellowish fuscous, palp 4 segmented, ventral plate emarginate distally, dorsal plate slightly emarginate.............. (Dasyneura) cerasi Felt, C343 aa Stem of antennal segment about as long as the basal enlargement b Abdomen yellowish brown, palp 3 segmented, ventral plate broadly CoUnMed A ESS ae ala en a ee er a eee: vitis Felt, Go amos bb Abdomen reddish yellow, tibiae and tarsi dark brown, palp 3 seg- mented, ventral plate roundly emiarginate.,.....7... .2e eee absobrina Felt, Goarsss= bbb Abdomen light yellowish or yellowish orange, tibiae fuscous straw, tarsi dark brown or black, palp 4 segmented, ventral plate roundly CMMAGCIAIATE 96 Hoes ee arene ea fraxinifolia Felt, Cojangyes aaa Stem of antennal segment 34 the length of the basal enlargement b Abdomen dark brown, palp 5 segmented, dorsal plate triangularly HUCISE MS oC s. Pak tc la eo e eee e taeees minor Felt, C. 431° Females a Abdomen pale yellowish, 5th antennal segment with a length about thrice its diameter, palp 3 segmented......... absobrina’ Felt, Cogiggue aa Abdomen light fuscous yellow, 5th antennal segment with a length about 2% times its diameter, palp 4 segmented........ vitis Felt, C. ar165a DASYNEURA Rond. This genus comprises a large number of medium and rather small usually dark brown insects which breed by preference in leafy tissue. This group intergrades with Rhabdophaga and the REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 341 more typical forms may be distinguished therefrom by the heavy, nearly uniform 3d vein uniting with the margin well before the apex of the wing [pl. 35, fig. 3, 6]. Key to species a 3d vein distinctly curved anteriorly [pl. 35, fig. 2, 6] b 9g antennal segments, abdomen yellowish, bred from rose (Neocerata) rhodophaga Cogq,, a1390 bb 10 antennal segments, females c Abdomen reddish salmon, scutellum pale yellowish, tibiae yellowish basally; 5th antennal segment with a length three times its diameter. Bred from decaying WOOGe fc ee ee. flavotibialis Felt, ar454 cc Abdomen pale yellowish, scutellum reddish brown; 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter.. im aculosa -ny sp, (C288 bbb 11 antennal segments c Antennal stem 34 the length of the basal enlargement, male d Abdomen Siteich red, scutellum reddish yellow, tibiae yellowish basally; bred from decaying ANON tr sa Phavoe tiptalis helt ania bbbb 12 antennal segments, sessile or subsessile c Abdomen and scutellum deep carmine; 5th antennal seg- ment with a length twice its diameter; palpi long, slender; lobes of the ovipositor with a length 3 times their width, female; bred from Solidago............. carbonatia’ Felt -C.-713 cc Aichaen and scutellum dark reddish brown; 5th an- tennal segment with a length ™% greater than its diameter; palpi rather short, stout; lobes of the ovi- positor with a length about 4 times their width, female. Taken on New England tea..vernalis n.sp., C. 262 ccc Abdomen dark reddish salmon, scutellum red, male.... bidentate Pelt? CG 245 bbbbb 13 antennal segments, sessile or subsessile c Females = d Abdomen fuscous yellowish, unicolorous, ccuelias light reddish brown, bred from ash............ fraxinifolia Felt, a1648a dd Abdemen fuscous yellowish basally, yellowish apically; scutellum fuscous yellowish; bred from tumid gall on grape...... vitis n. sp., ar16sb ddd Abdomen dark red, scutellum reddish brown... Larneres sis n> sp, 6) 128 dddd Abdomen and scutellum reddish brown......... Sipaivive edited tc Sp... C. 333 342 ae NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ddddd Abdomen dark orange, scutellum brown; taken ops in Juné grass.) :.. 130.9. graminis nm. sp, Ciao bbbbbb 14 antennal segments c Females, antennal segments sessile d Abdomen yellowish or yellowish orange e Ovipositor long f Abdomen light yellowish, scutellum pale yellowish; 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter; terminal lobes of ovipositor long, nearly oval, hardly tapering distally. Bred from loose bud gall on peppermint.... piperitae n. sp. a1663a ff Abdomen light yellowish red, scutellum yellowish carmine; the 5th antennal seg- ment with a length % longer than its diameter; lobes of the ovipositor long and’ tapering ‘ distally. .%.< 7 eeaeeeene borealis Felt, C. 160 fff Abdomen yellowish brown, scutellum red- dish brown; 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter; terminal an- tennal segment much produced, the 3d and 4th palpal segments equal; terminal lobes of the ovipositor long, slender and narrowly oval. Bred from acorns... glandis ni sp, Gee ee Ovipositor short f Body a pale lemon-yellow; 5th antennal ; segment with a length 2% times its diameter; 4th palpal segment % longer than 3d; lobes. of. ovipositor small, roundly quadrate. Bred from hairy leaf fold on Corylus..coryli Felt, a1543 ff Abdomen pale fuscous orange; 5th antennal segment with a length 2% times its diameter; 3d and 4th palpal segments equal; lobes of ovipositor rather broadly (Asphondybhia)-carpjni Petee pe: dd Abdomen dark brown e Ovipositor long f Scutellum fuscous red; 5th antennal seg- ment with a length twice its diameter, tapering distally; 3d and 4th palpal sepments. equal oo...4...50..%sss an aurihiftan. Saye 509 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 343 ff Scutellum reddish brown; 5th antennal segment with a length ™% greater than teen ATIRE ROR to Ok cca ye ee See ened ae photophila Felt, C. 193, 194, 586 > fff Scutellum yellowish brown; 5th antennal t segment % longer than its diameter. Bred from blackberry blossom........ ria biaftlor ae n.< sp. C. 990 ffff Incisures and pleurae yellowish, tibiae and tarsi dark brown; 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter. Bred from loose bud gall on Anemone....... anemone Felt, at522 ge DUST ME SMON Gh .' onekt ee ss Spe bul dee oe eo mee f Abdomen. dark brown, scutellum brown, incisures fuscous yellowish; 5th anten- nal segment with a length about ¥% ereater than atsi diameter ..22i5..282 ... b ROM he atid at: Spi. 340, 4397/5001 ee Niales, -anitennal: seements stemmed:: ..).2 0. 20 505-2. te d sth antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basak enlargement... 0.2... ses eo pede e Abdomen dark brown, scutellum yellowish.. Soe: pbhoetoph ila: Felt, G: 194 ee Abdomen yellowish brown, scutellum pale yellowish, ared'- from: Yucca... fo. .c yarec.a ene sp, C1058 dd Antennal stem with a length 34 the basal enlarge- ment e Abdomen fuscous yellowish,. unicolorous; dorsal plate, deeply and triangularly incised. ftaxinitolia Welt, ar64sa ce Abdomen fuscous yellowish basally and apic- ally, middle segment dark brown; dorsal pike: Moe Omi yw. MaCiISeds 0st 5. 45 ch a. Zee a impel opt la. nn sp. C2440": cee Abdomen light brown, scutellum yellowish brown. Bred from blackberry blossom.... ao ropL.ilorae . ):./aneeeee ptidorosa 2 Spygeeeaee fff The basal enlargement of the 5th anten- nal segment with a length 4% greater than its diameter; palp rather stout; basal tooth of the claw shorter..... simulator n.” Sp. Cape ddd 5th antennal segment with the stem as long as the basal enlargement e Abdomen dark orange, scutellum pale velliwe ish; the basal enlargement of the 5th anten- nal segment with a length 2% times its diameter; the circumfili heavy and very irregular. Bred from hairy leaf fold gall ot Corgi) Gein see, i ene coryli Fet;-arsa bbbbbbb 15 antennal segments c Females, segments sessile d Abdomen dark brown, scutellum reddish brown; - ovipositor not longer than the body, the lobes with a length about 5 times their width...... ?trifolii Loew, C. 456, 742 dd Abdomen dark brown, scutellum brownish red; ovipositor distinctly shorter than the body, the lobes with a length about 3 times the diameter. Bred from apical bud gall on blueberry...... cyanococci Felt, a17oo0 ddd Abdomen pale yellowish, scutellum pale orange; 5th antennal segment with a length about ¥% greater than its diameter ......:. J. Sone flavescens ni spavtoe cc Males, antennal segments stemmed d 5th antennal segment with the stem % the length of the basal enlargement . e Abdomen light fuscous yellowish, scutellum pale orange. Bred from Clematissojei.ee clematidis n. sp., a1659 dd 5th antennal segment with the stem 34 the length of basal enlargement e Abdomen yellowish red, scutellum yellowish; basal enlargement of the 5th antennal seg- ment with a length ™% greater than its diameter, the 15th produced and with a length 3 times its diameter’... .:.. sceeeee filicis Felt, C. 45 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 345 ee Abdomen dark brown; basal enlargement of 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter, the 15th not pro- duced, nearly oval. Bred from loose apical pid~eallon- Anemone: 90.) Sane ee 88 anemone Felt, a1s22 bbbbbbbb 16 antennal segments c Females, antennal segments sessile d Abdomen dark brown, scutellum reddish orange; 5th antennal segment with a length % greater dale Be AGTETMCLER (0 cn: eet. bi Sb estas sek ate flavicornis n. sp. alI54 dd Abdomen reddish or light brown e Abdomen reddish brown, scutellum fuscous yellowish; the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter. Bred from leaf gall on cranberry.vaccinii Smith, C. 957 ee Abdomen light brown, scutellum dark red; 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter.modesta n. sp., C. 1200 ddd Abdomen yellowish * E e Abdomen and scutellum pale yellowish. Bred PEO PASH ais 0's. = Spica iis. nnsp: saggy ie ee Abdomen fuscous yellowish, scutellum light fuscous yellowish. Bred from Clematis... elemaittdis -n. sp., a1650 cc Antennal segments stemmed d 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement e Abdomen yellowish red, scutellum yellowish red; 5th antennal segment with a length 2%4 timtesstts Gianreter, Temale .o5.4. ecih oo ea ee €aticis) Pelt, C-1r1 dd 5th antennal segment with a stem 34 the length of the basal enlargement, males ; e Abdomen dark brown, scutellum reddish brown q ter cin a-Pelt.:C. 47 ddd 5th antennal segment with a stem as long as the ‘basal enlargement, males e Abdomen reddish brown, scutellum fuscous yellowish. Bred from leaf gall on cranberry ae vaccinti Smith, C. 957 dddd 5th antennal segment with a length 1% that of the basal enlargement, males e Abdomen yellowish brown, scutellum reddish DROW Gor aie soe Gartricis Pelt .€ -116 bbbbbbbbb 17 antennal segments c Female, antennal segments sessile 346 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM d Abdomen reddish brown, scutellum fuscous yellow- ish; 5th antennal segment with a length %4 greater than its diameter; ovipositor 24 the length of the abdomen, terminal lobes short and broad. Bred frone-Lepidium...3< - lepidii ni. spy. tees cc Males, 5th antennal segment with the stem % the length of the basal enlargement d Abdomen pale yellowish, scutellum reddish brown; bred presumably from the common tumid midrib all Olas ash eas mee tumidosae n. sp., aI532 bbbbbbbbbb 18 antennal segments c Females, antennal segments sessile d Abdomen pale reddish brown, scutellum dull brown; the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than. its diameter... so s...0n0 soe ee multianulata 1. Spprkeeneas dd Abdomen dark reddish brown, scutellum yellowish brown, ovipositor short, the terminal lobes very ' shert-dad- broad... 58. florida n spy ese aa 3d vein straight or nearly so [pl. 35, fig. 3] b Antennal segments IT, sessile, the 5th witha length % greater than its diameter, male...... aberrata n. sp. Cy 12008 bb Abdomen fuscous yellowish, scutellum reddish brown, seg- ments cylindric, sessile, with a length % greater than the diameter, female... 065. 2..5.%. cirsioni n. spe bbb 13 antennal segments c Females, antennal segments sessile d Antennal segments cylindric or nearly so e Abdomen dark brown, scutellum black; the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diamietet.. 32525. 34 scutata’ mn; Spy Gesae ee Abdomen dark brown, scutellum reddish brown; 5th antennal segment with a length Y% greater than its diameter ..: ° see acerifolia Felt, C. 66 ece Abdomen light brown, scutellum dark brown; sth antennal ‘segment with a length greater than its diameter. The legs shorter and stouter than m D. sc tag meee albohirta 2. Sp, eae eeee Abdomen reddish brown, scutellum brown; the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter... <5. similis n. sp. C. 596 ecece Abdomen yellow, thorax tinged with red. Bred from root gall on Rhus. .*r hois Coq. dd Antennal segments more or less oval 1 Location provisional. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 347 e Abdomen dark brown, scutellum reddish brown; the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter; 4th \ palpal segment twice the length of the 3d.. dntennata ne sp,, . 2r3 ee Abdomen pale salmon, scutellum fuscous yel- lowish; 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter; the 3d and gth palpal segments equal..canadensis Felt, a1428 bbbb 14 antennal segments d Females, antennal segments sessile e Abdomen dark brown; 5th antennal segment with a length ™% greater than its MIICLOR: ips wos ee shee ae f Scutellum yellowish brown; 5th tarsal segment stout with a length only twice its diameter. Lobes of the Ovipositor stout with a. length about 2% times their width, and tapering distally to the narrowly rounded apex. Bred from leaves of honey locust, Gledifscliia’:a 5 Free eledriseiiae OO, SoG 7058 ff Scutellum dark brown, 5th tarsal seg- ment with a length 3 times its diameter; lobes of the ovipositor long, with a length about 3 times their width and tapering but slightly. Bred from leaves of fOCHchs. RepITA. © 0 en eo ae pseudacaciae Fitch, a1355 ee Abdomen light or reddish brown . f Abdomen reddish brown; the 5th antennal segment cylindric with a- length % greater than its diameter ; palpi quadriarticulate. Bred from biidecabn On Sallis fein wok ee Cahitocai1 eam) ssp (Coes ff Abdomen light brown, antennal seg- ments ovate, the 5th with a length about % greater than its diameter; palpi triarticulate. Bred from Lupi- nus. Leet a1 in1coba ~C.) 1034 = eee Abdomen dark carmine, scutellum yellowish; the 5th antennal segment oval, with a length about twice its diameter; palpi quadriarticu- inten Shortassroute tri coh Mies ae eae: denticulata Pelt, C356 348 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM eeee Abdomen reddish’ orange, scutellum dark brown; the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter; palpi long, the 4th segment being 34 longer than the ed. ea Ar. augusta n. sp, gee dd Antennal segments with a stem 4% the length of the basal enlargement e Abdomen dark brown, scutellum fuscous yel- lowish, length 2.25 mm, female. Bred from POSE? fee ete er ? rosarum Hardy, al4o1 “ida Antennal stem % the length of the basal enlarge- ment, male e Abdomen brown, scutellum dark brown...... acerifolia*Peliaueae dddd Antennal stem % the length of the basal enlarge- ment, male e Abdomen and scutellum dark brown. Bred from ‘locust, Robinia... . 25.23 eee pseudacaciae Fitch, a1ggs ddddd Antennal stem as long as the basal enlargement, male e Abdomen reddish brown, scutellum fuscous brown; 4th palpal segment a little shorter than the 3d. Bred from folded leaves of Wwihthevcloverh. 7 Mtatce. o. me trifolii Loew bbbbb 15 antennal segments c Antennal segments sessile, aule d Abdomen dark reddish e Scutellum fuscous yellowish; 5th antennal seg- ment with a length twice its diameter f 4th palpal segment with a length only 14 greater than the 3d. Bred from bed straw, Galium.. +..c.0e. eee galii n. sp. a1678k ee Scutellum fuscous orange; 5th antennal seg- ment tapering distally with a length 2% times its diameter. Bred from Solidago.. folliculi n. Spaneee eee Seuceiing fuscous yellowish, the 5th antennal segment with a length 2% times its diameter 'trifolit.boere dd Abdomen dark brown, scutellum yellowish and fuscous; 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter; 4th palpal segment % longer than the 3d. Bred from willow, Salis salicifolia Felt, a1675 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 349 ddd Abdomen dull orange-yellow, scutellum dark red; 5th antennal segment with a length 2% times its diameter; 4th palpal segment %4 longer than HSS 0 8 10 aa a peal a Hy ASp. Meeks cc Antennal segments stemmed, male d 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement e Abdomen brownish black, genitalia yellow. Bueds trom. Teotaall) on. RhuSes2 3 Acs. : “rh @1s5 Cog dd 5th antennal segment with a stem as long as the basal enlargement e Abdomen yellowish red. Taken on clover.. Phe tim care of a “Lintn:, ar6os, C. 1034 bbbbbb 16 antennal segments ¢ Antennal segments sessile, female d Abdomen dark brown e Scutellum fuscous yellowish; 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its ; diameter ; 4th palpal segment % longer than faewd pred stron bud. all on elim..2 04, ulmea n. sp., C. 880 ee Scutellum yellowish brown f Antennal segments cylindric, the 5th with a length about 2% times its diameter, the ovipositor longer than the body, the lobes with a length about 3% times their breadth. sRalsem Onl Clover (Aves: in Manic Pleo idiman ie olay Bintn,. (C106; 114, 134, 740 ff Antennal segments slightly oval, the sth with a length 34 greater than — its diameter; the ovipositor longer than the body, the lobes having a length four times their breadth.... mutopse datas: ne sp: C.- 127 eee Scutellum pale fuscous orange; 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter. Bred from blossoms of Joe pye weed..... purpurea n. sp., a 1693a dd Abdomen brown, scutellum dull red; 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter. Bred PROE Hey Sima nk. ods wate eae le ahaa a es lysimachiae Beutm, alig2 1 Location provisional. " 350 | NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ddd Abdomen yellowish orange, scutellum yellowish white; 5th antennal segment: with a length twice its. disinetere +4 cess. omer ith . flavoabdominalis nn, Spy ce Antennal segments stemmed, males d 5th antennal segment with a stem as igi as the basal enlargement eé Abdomen dark brown; 5th antennal segment with the enlargement ™% longer than its diameter. Bred from willow, Salix....... salicifolias Felt, aiog ee Abdomen and_ scutellum reddish brown; taken-on clover.'....4.0..+..% 062 P?leguminicola Linthy © waase eee Abdomen brown, scutellum dull red. Bred from loose bud gall on Lysimachiaz.=oeeeee lysimachiae Beutm., ar192 an 5th antennal segment with the stem 14 longer than the basal enlargment e Abdomen dark reddish orange, scutellum . Oma 282% attenuata n-) Sfipeweemee bbbbbbb 17 antennal segments , d Antennal segments sessile, females e Abdomen reddish brown, scutellum yellowish; 5th antennal segment with a length 2% times: its diameter ..:..6. 322). .c.. cc ebhieek Rhopalomyia asteriflorae C. a1757 Pure we ells omen late ritloris <0... oleic cee vcbe. Bueopatomyialaterititori, (©. array anime al ei ee Oy ae ane tia Coy eT 1 oo oe Rhopalomyia astericaulis, C. 11074 Audibertia stachyoides Gall undescribed 2s. ...; Rhopalomyia audibertiae, C. 1029 Baccharis pilularis Flower gall....... Rhopalomyia californica, C. 1003, 983, 984 SES POE EY | ee erga yeaah eg gee Rhopalomyia baccharis, C. 982 Betula (birch) red. tromr ‘Seeds... 2s. bc. ses Oligotrophus betulae Winn. Bigelovia Hollow, stem gall.......... Rhopalomyia bigeloviae, C. 1070 Owats seed galls. 0.6... Rhopalomyia bigelovioides, C. 940 Celtis (hackberry) PAE SL hci ern ce Soe Mayetiola celtiphyllia, C. 913, 918 Comptonia (sweetfern) Pikshy leat fold) cis oo. janetirella:asplenifotlia, -€. 1103 Gutierrezia sarothrae Oval swelling in flower heads..2..... 22... ces eee. presi ve eceeeeee Rhopalonyia.gutierreziae, ©. at742 Hordeum (barley) | Wear csheathios se is.e55 6 as oe Mayetiola destructor, C. 771. 772 Juniperinus californica (juniper) Gabled essai o.oo te a Walshomyia juniperina, C. 1049 Ribes (currant) Mayetiola californica, .C. 919 Salix (willow) Wupieal fesctle walls sii. see ee ee Mayetiola wals hat. €2 974 pepieabe Weds Bll ye 271, bse oe nl sae So Mayetiola rigidae, C. a687 SI EMG EE TWAS. bobs Sa0 vas oo oe Mayetiola caulicola, C. a1822a Subglobose galls on slender twigs Mayetiolatumidosae, C. 1300 SPER ee eee ee erage Mayetiola peroceculta, C. 1251 Mayetrola americana; -G -920 pk a 358 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Solidago. (goldenrod) Flower galls On S - ca nade s ev Subglobular, smooth, budlike, 2 mm in diameter ....................--. Rhopalomyta tracemicola,@ a 1005 Cylindric; -pubescent;.6- mimi lone). OG: =v ese ee eee Rhopalomyiacanthophiia, Cites a1608 On Solidago, gall undescribed inane. tines ey Se Rhopalomyia cruziana, Gouge Few gale Apical rosette galls On S. canadense....Rhopalomyia carolina, C. a1635 Rhopalomyia albipennis, C. a1655 Oligotrophus inquilinus, C. a1665 On 5: canadéernsevandss is eron ima aes ok Rhopalomyia capitata, °C. aljsaraeees Rhopalomyia inquisit ort, (Caegsom Subapical or lateral oval. sen eeeee : audibertiae Felt, C. 1029 cc Antennal segments sessile or nearly so d Abdomen pale yellowish; palpi biarticulate ............. (Oligotrophus) Sackenomyia acerifolia Felt, C. 38 e OLIGOTROPHUS Latr. This group, as at present restricted, comprises a number of forms related to Dasyneura and Rhabdophaga and differing therefrom by having the claws simple. It is separated from more closely allied genera by the triarticulate palpi. The wing is illustrated on plate 26. heute a. Key to species @ 13 or 14 antennal segments; abdomen dark brown b 13 or 14 sessile antennal segments, the 5th with the basal enlargement Y% greater than its diameter, the 3d palpal segment twice the length of the 2d; female, bred from Betula seeds... ......:.... venue see betulae Winn., C. 964 bb 14 subsessile antennal segments, the 5th with a stem about 4 the length of the basal enlargement, which latter has a length twice its diameter; the 3d palpal segment is 3 times the length of the 2d; Pen lei big sack creed ta Se eo Mart reeies Saree Meee vernalis n. sp, ee aa 15 antennal segments b Abdomen dark brown, the 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement; male, bred from Betula seeds...... betulae Winn., C. 964 aaa 16 antennal segments b Abdomen fuscous yellowish, the 5th antennal segment with a stem %4 longer than the basal enlargement; bred from an apical rosette galt om Slide ocr vee wigs Cow ess inquilinus n. sp. C. a1655a REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 260 MAYETIOLA K ieft. This genus is of particular interest, as it includes the exceedingly injurious wheat pest known as the Hessian fly, M. destructor Say. It comprises an assemblage of species which may be recog- nized by the third vein uniting with costa at or beyond the apex, in connection with the quadriarticulate palpi and simple claws. Plate 36, figure 6 illustrates a unique form, possibly the representative of another genus. . Key to species a 12 to I5 antennal segments b 12 antennal segments c Abdomen yellowish; antennae light brown, the segments sub- sessile, male... ... (Oligotrophus) azaleae Felt, C. 48 bb 13 sessile or subsessile antennal segments c Abdomen and antennae dark brown; male.......... RR eto, = aloes COliectcophus )-aceris Felt, C.. 66a cc Abdomen reddish brown; ovipositor %4 the length of the body; ETON SR eae Sara gen St Rr ate er Vite titian a, 1m, spi, C-8o ccc Abdomen reddish brown; ovipositor as long as the body; female balsamrfiera “n, sp.,C€. 146 bbb 14 antennal segments c Posterior tarsi normal d Antennal segments sessile e Abdomen reddish brown, the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter, the 4th palpal segment % longer than the 3d; ovipositor 1/5 the length of the RIEU QU TET RE eerie epee ome pare ele¢ira: in: spc. C. S07 ee Abdomen bright red, the 5th antennal segment with a - length 214 times its diameter, the 4th palpal segment a little longer than the 3d; ovipositor as long as the body, female; bred from elm buds and folded leaves.... ulmi Beutm., C. 1239, a1683 dd Antennal segments subsessile, with a stem %4 or % the length of the basal enlargement é 3d vein uniting with costa well beyond the apex f Abdomen pale yellowish, the 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement; Gt as) eee Felt, C: 08 ee 3d vein uniting with costa just beyond the apex f Abdomen brownish red; ovipositor short; female.. Se Cha kts: tm, SpeG: a7 ff Abdomen Feilowish or fuscous . yellowish; ventral plate of the male deeply and roundly emarginate distally; the female with the ovipositor as long as the body; bred from rolled violet leaves........... (@iplosis) virolicola Cog, €.a1246 7G. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM cc.2d to 4th segments of the posterior tarsi greatly enlarged; abdo- men pale yellowish, greenish dorsally; 3d vein uniting with costa just beyond the apex; antennae dark brown, the 5th seg- ment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement; male latipes. Spas bbbb 15 antennal segments c¢ Abdomen dark reddish; antennae dark reddish brown, the 5th seg- ment with a stem 4 the length of the basal enlargement; male (Oligotrophus) tsugae Felt, C. 165 aa 16 to Ig antennal segments ; b 16 antennal segments c Antennal segments sessile, the 5th with a length 2% times its diameter; ovipositor % the length of the abdomen d Abdomen reddish brown, the body slender, the lobes of the Ovipositor with a length twice their width; bred from slender willow ‘twigs ; female ..23. 6462 Ue) eee caulicola n. sp.,-Ceareeee dd gees dark brown, the body stout, the lobes of the ovi- positor with a length 314 times their width; bred from sub- globose galls on slender wiHow twigs..../........0c-ssee tumidosae n. sp., C. 1300 cc Antennal segments with more or less of a stem d The 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement, which latter has a length twice its diameter; abdomen yellowish brown; 3d and 4th pai seg- tnents qual; .bred from -R ibes >. female:-22 cee californica n-spo tae dd 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement ; abdomen dark brown; bred from slender wil- low “twigs smaless.3. Je nh? caulicola’ n. sp. “Gigs ddd 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement; abdomen yellowish brown; bred from oby 4re Ss andes tat, et ees Gene californica n. Sp, on dddd 5th antennal segment with a stem %4 longer than the basal enlargement; abdomen fuscous; bred from elm buds and $Glded Mea vese we nto taw C. america id pee Circular blister gall on scarlet oak leaves........... C. serrata, (ges Rhus (sumac) Deformed flower bud’ on RR. 549 cc Abdomen reddish brown; bred from unripe fruits of Sicca SS ASC Mince cee ete Pa iach eee Pee siccae 1. (sp. “Goan aaa Palpi 3 segmented b Small; 1.5 to, 2.5 mnx lone c Abdomen light or reddish brown d Scutellum pale yellowish; bred from galls on Bumelia L Abn a enieMjO. Sealers tt eae eee bumeliae Felt, C. 849 dd Scutellum reddish brown e Basal abdominal segments yellowish; bred from bud gall on unknown shrub..... ..florida nn. Spee ee Abdomen unicolorous; bred from flower buds of Rhus fet 6 GA Pa Od Wa es integrifoliace n-SspyGeeue bb Medium sized, 3 to 4 mm long c Tarsi plainly white-banded; bred from apical rosette gall on - Euthamia lanceolata, from apparently unmodified florets of the same, and from oval galls between adherent leaves of Solidago serotina or S. cana@emeam monacha O. S.,’ C. 761, 807, 812, 813, a1200, alitogy aaaae ar568a and y cc Tarsi unicolorous or nearly so d Abdomen yellowish brown ~ e Scutellum pale yellowish; tibiae and tarsi yellowish brown; bred from deformed berries of Vagnera LACE MOS6A.. is ..escae 8 Milacinee heli eae 1A. solidaginis Beutm. and A, patens Beutm. are synonyms of this species. A. recondita O.S. is undoubtedly the same form. REPORT OF THE SLATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 377 ee Scutellum fuscous yellowish, basal segments of pos- terior tarsi yellowish; bred from subglobose stem galls on Helianthus....... globosus O.S., C. 854, 856, 869 eee Scutellum fuscous orange, legs light brown; bred from -Salls-on-nukueww plait in Arizona... .<2.22..0<.00eds55% baroni n. sp., C. 865 eeee Scutellum yellowish brown f Legs yellowish brown; bred from galls on Artemisia.. arttemisiae n. sp.; C. S61 eeeee Scutellum dark brown ff Legs dark brown; bred from woolly apical bud galls COP. PESTS LETS er See a ee a a ee Pra (Asynapta) antennariae Whlr., C. 870 dd Abdomen reddish brown e Scutellum fuscous orange; bred from galls on Ver- Heo MeliehO we WO fia © © WSS. sos. ok see caw cee see tee | We rio la e ns. C... 803.007 ee Scutellum dark reddish brown; bred from loose terminal bud galls on Ceanothus...... een no tini ne sp., ©3872 ddd Abdomen dark brown e Scutellum yellowish brown f 3d antennal segment with a length 6 times its diameter, posterior tarsi dark brown; bred from bud galls on Hydrangea... o..5.% hydrangeae Felt, CC. 852 ff 3d antennal segment with a length 4 times its diameter, posterior tarsi with the basal segments yellowish; bred from bud gall on Helenium........ autumnalis Beutm., C. 1238, 853 ee Scutellum dark brown; abdomen white- haired; bred from twig gall on Rae Spot 1 pel ne 1s. Ckil..-C. 864-045 eee Scutellum dark reddish; legs black; bred from sub- eeghcale stem oall: Of SamDUCUs....co. cas... ake es. eae ee saibd¢ tn. sp.,.€. arsii eeee Scutellum slaty gray; legs dark brown; bred from Mervilla buds. 20.05... diervillae Felt, C. arg4€o eeeee Scutellum pruinose; tibiae black; bred from bud galls GM HCOIesion. Pos 6.) es flvcornd &s Pelt, Ceais4s dddd Abdomen brown; scutellum yellowish brown; legs dark brown; bred from Salix twigs..salictaria Felt, C. 859 ddddd Abdomen reddish brown; legs fuscous yellowish; bred from Splidaeie. couse dees Soo johnsoni n. sp. C. 809 bbb Large species, 5 to 6 mm long ¢ Abdomen dark brown or dark reddish brown d Scutellum reddish brown; bred from galls on Opuntia .... opuntiae n. sp., C. 848, 858, 862 cc Abdomen brown; scutellum yellowish; bred from subglobular ehlareed: Hower head of Helianthus... 0.0. .0.0. 05550 conspicua O.S., C. 544, 806, 808, 810, 854, ?856, 866, a1679, al697 378 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ccc Abdomen yellowish brown; scutellum fuscous yellowish; legs yel- lowish brown; bred from fruitlike enlargement of prickly pear arizonensis Felt, C. 857 SCHIZOMYIA Kieff. Antennae consisting of 14 cylindric, sessile or subsessile seg- ments, those of the male slightly shortened distally and each with remarkably stout, ele- vated, strongly convolute circumfili. Palpi with four segments. The basal clasp segment of the male genitalia projects well beyond the insertion of the terminal clasp segment, which ‘latter bears apically a more. or less distinct chitinous tooth. Female with the segments distally greatly shortened as in Asphondylia, the circumfili nearly the same as in Asphon- dylia. Ovipositor with a distinct fleshy basal portion, tapering distally and bearing the char- acteristic aciculate organ of Asphondylia; the dorsal basal pouch absent, the ventral sclerite reer Gihog) on Cneeeere of the seventh segment more or less strongly - altifila Felt,6than- chitinized and somewhat characteristic of this tennal segment of male, much enlarged. (Orig- cenus. inal) = . Fig. 46 Schizomyia rubi Felt, side view of | abdomen, showing the long oviposito and characteristic ventral plate, enlarged. (Original) : Key to species a Abdomen dark brown b Wings rather large, narrow c Scutellum reddish, sth antennal segment with a length four times its diameter, the 4th palpal segment % longer than the 3d, female; taken on viburnum blossoms..viburni n. sp., C. 1212 cc Scutellum fuscous yellowish, 5th antennal segment with a length six times its diameter, the 4th palpal segment twice the length of the 3d, female; bred from long, conic leaf gall on hickory.. caryaecola n. sp, C. ar786a aa Abdomen reddish brown b Wings small, narrow; on’ blueberry. +. -..g0c. cus eek 54s (Asphondylia) aitiiria Fel Cate REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 379 Baw ies: siiall,- broads swept from blackberry... ic... 5.00. 0. 2a ee (Asphondylia) rubi Felt, C. 685 bbb Wings large, rather broad; bred from Amsinckia galls.............. (Asphondylia) macrofila Felt, C. 855, 1oo1 aaa Abdomen yellowish or light brown b Wings large, tarsi unicolorous or nearly so c 5th antennal segment with a length six times its diameter, the 4th palpal segment with a length % greater than the 3d, female; Deed tren) apical leat muddy all, ON Brapes yo... esis ie anise coryloides Walsh & Riley, C. 874 cc sth antennal segment with a length five times its diameter, 4th palpal segment with a length 34 greater than the 3d, male;. bred from hard, nutlike, polythalamous gall on grape........ pomum Walsh & Riley, a1434b bb Wings small, broad yellow banded c Posterior tarsi rather broadly yellow banded; 5th antennal seg- ment with a length six times its diameter, the 4th palpal segment ¥%% longer than the 3d, female; bred from bud galls on Rivina “AIL TOS Sete aR ath ray Bae te se ae a iwi aed sp. C..043* cc Posterior tarsi black; 5th antennal segment with a length four and five times the diameter, the 4th palpal segment 114 and 134 the length of the 3d in the male and female respectively; bred from oval or fusiform tendril or petiole galls on Vitis bicolor.. pettolie alan.’ sp.,-C: ar7o4 CINCTICORNIA n. g. Antennae tide of 13 or 14 segments, only slightly short- ened distally and in some species there is more or less fusion between the 13th and. 14th; cir- cumfili in the male transverse, usually numer- ous, distinct and anastomosing, ranging in num- bers from 6 to 15 to each segment. Palpi with four segments. Genitalia with the terminal clasp segment short, stout, the distal margin flattened, heavily chitinized and finely den- tate. Female with the antennae very simi- lar to those of the male, except that there -are three to five or six transverse, anasto- mosing circumfili, the latter forming a more or less irregular network on the face of “Fig. 44 Cincticornia the segment; a scattering subbasal — whorl transversa Felt, 6th antennal segment of of short, stout setae and a few stout male, much _ enlarged. Z 5 y : : ; ~ (Original) setae near the distal third may oceur in some species. Ovipositor stout, broad at .the base and tapering to a subacute apex bearing a pair of indistinct terminal lobes, and 380 NEW YORK: STATE -MUSEUM with the ventral portion of the ovipositor more or less chitinized. The characteristic aciculate organ of Asphondylia and Se is wanting. Certain species of this genus agree with Kieffer’s published diagnosis of Polystepha. Asphondyliatransversa Felt, is the tpye. Specimens of C. multifila Felt were submitted to this well known European authority who pronounced it a representative of a new genus, consequently the above name is proposed. Key to species a Abdomen dark brown b Wings small, rather broad c Scutellum reddish brown; antennal segments with Io to 12 cir- cumfli ; male; habits wiknown Yoo. 2h oda os ne ei (Asphondylia) transversa Felt, C. 53 ce Scutellum dark reddish, 5th antennal segment with 4 coarsely reticulate -circumfili, length 2 mm, female; bred from slight blister swelling on lateral veins of red oak leaves............ americana 1 .speeaigee cece Scutellum fuscous yellowish; antennal’ segments with 9 to I0 cir- . cumfili; male, bred from warty, reddish brown leaf gall on oak leaf (Cecidom ya). 8... eee ee pilulae Walsh, C. 811, 814, 850, 1046, 1105 bb Wings small, broad; scutellum reddish brown; antennal segments with 6 to 7.circumfhli; male, habits: unkhown ..... 2. 2. 2s see (Asphondylia) multifila Felt, C. 95, 60, 100 bbb Wings small, narrow, abdomen dark brown, 5th antennal segment with 8 circumfili, length 2 mm, male; bred from circular, blister gall: on,'scarlet- oak. leaveswers padi ess -aadeee serrata Mn. sp., al7Ql bbbb Wings rather large, somewhat broad; scutellum purplish brown; 3d antennal segment with a length 2%4 times its diameter; female, habits:-Unknow hive. se0 ee oe ie a canadensis ni7sp, eee aa Abdomen reddish brown b Wings small, narrow c Scutellum yellowish; antennae with 13 segments, each with I0 circumfili; male, bred from conical gall on hickory leaf........ caryae n. sp, C. 1114 bb Wings large, rather broad c Scutellum yellowish; antennal segments with 1o-to 15 circumfii; male, bred from a flat, relatively inconspicuous gall on Quer- Cs 1b ria leaves Verses quercifolia n. sp. C. 1043 cc Scutellum yellowish brown; 3d antennal segments with a length twice its diameter; female, bred from a flat, relatively incon- spicuous gall on Quercus rubra. leaves....<<.ssepmeeee quercifolia n. sp., C. 1043 ccc Seutellum reddish yellow; antennal segments with 3 to 4 cir- cumfili; male....(Asphondylia) sobrina Felt, C. 1108 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 381 aaa Abdomen dull red; wings small, narrow; scutellum reddish yellow; 3d antennal segment with a length 214 times its diameter; female, bred om warty, recdish browil leat all on oak leaf. :-... 02... occ eee oe cc (Cecidomyia) pilulae Walsh, C. 811, 814, 850, 1046, 1105 aaaa Abdomen yellowish . b Abdomen yellowish brown; wings small, broad; antennal segments with 6 to 7 circumfili; male, swept from sumac ................ (Oligotrophus) rhoina Felt, C. 94 bb Abdomen pale yellow, wings rather small, medium width, 5th an- tennal segment with 7 circumfili, finely reticulate, length 2.5 mm, male; bred from slight blister swelling on lateral veins of red TELS ISS RPS i oe oe aes ante: oe Ge an Aerie and, i sp; ar7g2 bbb Abdomen pale orange; wings large, narrow; scutellum pale yel- lowish; 3d antennal segment with a length 3% times its diameter; REMI AUS: Wooten et (Asphondylia) sobrina Felt, C. 1108 bbbb Abdomen reddish yellow; wings large, broad; scutellum fuscous yellowish; 3d antennal segment with a length 2%4 times its “ie TARPS TS Cee Ste oY | Ong Se ane ae a COm aec fan si.y.©: O22 DIPLOSARIAE The members of this tribe are easily distinguished by the long, slender, thickly haired, 14 segmented antennae, the flagellate segment being binodose and usually provided with two or three circumfili. The palpi vary from uniarticulate in a European form, to quadri- articulate. The third vein may unite with the margin well before the apex, as in Arthrocnodax, or at or well beyond, as in some other species. The claws are simple or toothed. This group presents some exceedingly interesting variations, not only in antennal but also in genitalic structures, the latter presenting extreme diversity. Owing to time limitations it has not been possible up to the present to prepare keys for the separation of the females. The members of this group appear to live largely in the more tender, leafy or bud tissues, though a considerable number are in- quilines, while a few live upon fungus or are zoophagous. - HOSTS, HOST PLANTS AND GALLS OF THE DIPLOSARIAE Agrimonia (agrimony) eoece- strom: forets: 2.0... sl es. Comtarinia: agrimoniae,.C:a1606 Amelanchier (shadbush) Bred from truncate leaf gall. th ormonyiacamadensis > € at7y5e Apis (bee) Bred from hive debris .......... Vetthkrocni odax-apipihila. C.ar77s5 382 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Apocynum | (dogbane) Bred from flowers...... Lestodiplosis apocyniflorae, C. a1684 * ee aoe pater aee ame Cecidomyia apocyni, Geapeam 7 Asclepias (milkweed) Se, Bred. trom: rolled leaf. 2.77: Lestodiplosis asclepiae, C. ai588 Aspidiotus (A. uvae) Bred from ‘insect... vives: ss tava) Dentifib ula co¢ci ee Avena (oat) Reared from cage with aphid infested seedlings; probably predaceous...... Coquillettomyia texana, — nee Carya (hickory) Bred from melon-shaped leaf gall. Hormomyia thompsoni, C. rr16a i Slobular leatipaily,..- fos Hormomyia caryae, C. 1lo4y * smooth, subglobular leaf gall...... Hormomyia atcwanuar NCepeme re hairy, subglobular leaf gall...... Hormomyia holoetriema. C.cfnts $s hairy, globose leaf gall...... Mycodiplosis holotricha, C. 1104a S globose leaf gall......... Clinodiplosis caryaes ae Bd tubular leak saath ee sg Hormomyia tubicola, C. 1106 Catalpa Bred from dwarfed shoots ........ Cecidomyia catalpae, Gemma Cattleya gigas | | Bred ‘trom ToOots 3 ee eo eet Se Clinodiplosis cattleyae,> Cram Clematis (virgin’s bower) Bred from irregular, subglobular gall....... Contarinia clematidis, 3 C. a1t659b % flowers ....Lestodiplosis clematiflorae, C. a1694b Corylus (hazel) Bred from hairy leaf fold...Mycodiplosis corylifolia, C. a1543b Crataegus (thorn) Bred. from ‘thorn leat. oe ates Lestodiplosis florida, C. 986 oe cockcomb leaf gall... Hormomyia crataegifolia, a1362 2 cylindric fimbriate leaf -gall... 0. eo... san 2. es ox sn © 0 nee Lestodiplosis crataegifolia, C. arsss Eupatorium ageratoides (white snake root) Bred from pustulate leaf and stem: galls 16.8 cccwe cs wes ewe ts 3 ee es Lestodiplosis eupatorii, C. a1280 . el Mt ll i a i eh a REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 383 Eupatorium perfoliatum (boneset) Beers PEONY HOTCTS 25.055 oc Siw ois a oain’ Contarinia perfoliata, C. a16&8 , Fraxinus (ash) pacurtrom~erolled leaves....lestodiplosis fraxinifolia, C. a1s72 Gossypium (cotton) 3). ae eee a ON here ee ote ht Pa eee Comiarinia ‘oss yp id, -C. 1335 Liriodendron (tulip) Bred from purplish blister gall on leaf...... Comtiarinia liriodend fi Melo (melon) Bred from curled melon tips ..... esuabegetneen east Contatinia setigera “Se probably trom aphids or Cecidomytids on curled tips......:......0.2.- Aphidoletes cucumeris Mentha (mint) Ired-=trom pustulate gall.....2:.... Giardomyia menthae, C. a1578b Negundo (box elder) eee” THOM EAVES os s.s esc oes Centcatania. nessun d ifol ia,--C.o67 Oecidium impatientis Bred from this fungus,...... Mycodiplosis impatientis, C: ats42 Phylloxera vastatrix Bred from Phylloxera galls..... Bestodiplosis grassator, C. 962 . Pinus (pine) bred from resin masses: foo ..56 60% Geermdomyiaresinieola, C. a185 Platanus (plane tree) Bred from leaves ........ Pestodigl oss. plataniat olia, C. ar66oa — Populus (poplar) | Bred from subglobular leaf gall....Dichrodiplosis populi, C.a1743 oh. 4. subolobular Teak gall... 2 .. Mycodiplosis populifolia, Bee: nt Bawa f' : rolled edge of leaf........ Lestodiplosrs'p opt lito) va, . C. a1490 F subglobular leaf gall..Lestodiplosis globosus, C. a1656 Prunus cerasus (cherry) Bred ¢rom deformed irtiit:........ Contarintai ry Sinvantae- C769 ra fusiform twig gall...... Lestodiplosis ceras1, €: argosa es folded, thickened leaves.....Mycodiplosis cerasifolia, ; C..aits71 384 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Pyrus (pear) Bred from deformed fruits.) 4 eo Contarinia pyrivora, C, 700 Quercus (oak) Bred from folded leaf edge..-------- Cecidomyia, tolioray asa Probably bred from oak leaves..Dichrodiplosis quercina, C. 1006 Bred. ccm Seat. ea ake eae Contarinia quercifolia, C. rors Rhus (sumac) Bred from heads of curled leaves..Arthrocnodax rhoina, C. at720b Rumex (dock) Bred from deformed seeds ........... Contarinia rumicis) (eee Sambucus (elder) Bred from rolled leaves...Arthrocnodax sambucifolia, C. a1723 Scrophularia (figwort) Bred ‘from: distorted :flower buds...) 2.2020 he ee, Pee Lestodiplosis scrophulariae, C. ais5é9 Siphonophora liriodendri Predaceous on aphid......... Aphidoletes meridionalis, C. 1005 Solidago (goldenrod) Bred from elongate, brown. léaf Spot. 213 00. Sona. .s cee. os ee Lestodiplosis solidaginis, C. at655 13s a8 ga ay pans Ata it Re ae Lestodiplosis triangularigs. ee Sorghum Breed: from seedsy.o5. acetate Contarinia sorghicolar sO Spiraea (meadowsweet) Bred from terminal bud gall........ Hormomyiaclarkeiy al759a flowerss 2 en's Cecidomyia spiraeatlorae, eeamoeem 4 unopened flowers...... Prodiplosis floritco0la, «eee Tanacetum (tansy) Bred probably from aphids.......... Aphidoletes basalis, C, aryaz Taxodium (cypress) Bred from fusiform. twig gall......... Contarinia°*ananassi, Gog Tecomia (trumpet vine) Bred from: curled Teadvesicc ac ve ween Cecidomyia tecomiae, C. 1260 —— oe ee ee eee eee REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 385 Tetranychus (red spider) From red spider on citrus trees...Mycodiplosis acarivora, C. 847 Triticum (wheat) \ Bred from wheat heads..... oa ah ee oe ee Cecidomyia tritici Verbena bred from folled leaves: :.. 2.2.0... Ceeinomyia-urtiftolia,-C. ars77 % ne ay ae Lestodiplosis verbenifolia, C. a1577a Yucca angustifolia Sree Eton! PoUs: 4. Pie Fs ee ono. EPestodiplosis yuccae, C. 1017 Key to genera a Mesonotum usually greatly produced over the head; 14-26 segments; Pistia MOCAVUTSRECION ors join eRe toe cee Des uces Hormomyia H. Lw. aa Mesonotum not greatly produced over the head; only 14 segments; usually slender species b Male with the two nodes of the antennal segments nearly equal, only two circumfili to a segment; claws simple c Basal clasp segment with a conspicuous triangular process apic- TLS a ERIE i 2 ah As cask ie YON Dentifibula n. g. (Type Cecidomyia viburni Felt) cc Basal clasp segment with no process apically d Wings with the. posterior area greatly produced, broadly rounded LSPS Sh LS 8 2 Eee Ree Eee ene Lobopteromyia n. g. (iype C4111 ¢1's. Helt) dd Wings normal, usBally with a length twice the width [pl. 37, fig. 6] Contarinia Rond. bb Male with the two ie of the antennal segments subequal, three cir- cumfili, usually well developed, to each segment c Claws toothed ad’ Alt claws toothed. <.2.0/.0.... tees Be els, ESS Dichrodiplosis Kieff. dd Anterior claws toothed, posterior simple e Circumfili very uneven, the ventral loops greatly produced f The middle circumfili rudimentary, apparently but two circum- Efe AAO 5 Tes A SO On lea ee Bremia Rond. ff Three well developed circumfili.............. Aphidoletes Kieff. ee Circumfili even or nearly so : f Basal clasp segment lobed g Lobe apical, the terminal clasp segment subapical .......... Lobodiplosis n. g. (Type Mycodiplosis acerina Felt) inte etrasal, SEIOSE. ae fs vies iee cnet Coquillettomyia n. g. (Type Mycodiplosis lobata Felt) ff Basal clasp segment not distinctly lobed g Terminal clasp segment subfusiform, greatly dilated ........ Karshomyia n. g. (Type Mycodiplosis viburni Felt) 13 386 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM gg Terminal clasp segment slender, distinctly longer than the basal ‘clasp segim ent joe 3... he. 2c ee ee Youngomyia n. g. (fype Dichrodiplosis podophyllae Felt) ggg Terminal clasp segment normal, not as above............... Me Rubs. cc Claws simple d Distal flagellate antennal segments cylindric, stemmed, not bieaiies Prodiplosis n. g. (Type Cecidomyia floricola Felt) dd All flagellate segments binodose at least e Third vein uniting with costa well before the apex......... Pee Arthrocnodax Rubs. ee Third vein uniting with costa at or beyond the apex of the wing f Palpi triarticulate . g Ventral plate or harpes conical, serrate..Odontodiplosis n. g. (Type Cecidomyia karnerensis Felt) 99 Ventral plate not serrate ; basal clasp segment stout......... Adiplosis n. g. (ine Cecidomyia toxicodendri Felt) ff Palpi quadriarticulate g Claws bent at right angles or nearly so _h Ventral plate deeply and roundly emarginate, the dorsal plate dilated, the lateral angles being strongly produced. . Hyperdiplosis n. g. (Type Cecidomyia lobata Felt) hh Ventral plate very long, slender, roundly emarginate, the dorsal plate not greatly dilated......... Giardomyia n. g. | (Type Cecidomyia photophila Felt) gg Claws not bent at right angles h Basal clasp segment conspicuously lobed or spined , i Basal clasp segment with one ot more heavy, chitinous LEpites, A pacalty +s gaccdn te Noe ieee naam Metadiplosis n. g. (Type M. spinosa n. sp.) . 711 Basal clasp segment with a long, setose process apically Epidiplosis n. g. (Type E. sayi n. sp.) iii Basal clasp segment with a triangular lobe basally; ven- tral plate scarcely longer than broad..Lestodiplosis Kieff. hh Basal clasp segment without conspicuous lobes or spines i Dorsal and ventral plates short, broad, triangularly emarginate; terminal clasp segment short, stout, the anex broad, -serndte:d 64: %. kuaenae aes Paradiplosis n. g. (Type Cecidomyia obesa Felt) ii Not as above 7 Dorsal plate divided, the lobes greatly produced and broadly rounded laterally......... Obolodiplosis n. g. (Type Cecidomyia orbiculata Felt) jj Not as above k Ventral plate long, linear, narrowly rounded apically Clinodiplosis Kieff. kk Ventral plate not as above........ Cecidomyia Meig. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 HoRMOMYIA H. Lw. 387 The species included in this genus at the present time rep- resent two rather distinct types. The more typical form is large and heavy-bodied, with the mesonotum greatly produced over the head. The wings are long, nar- row, and the males of this division have 14-26 hinodose antennal segments, the circumfili being short, the loops rarely having a length greater than the dis- tance separating the stems. Another type provisionally referred to this genus, is most easily recognized by the short wings, broadly rounded posteriorly and having a width about 34 the length. These species are rather small and the males have the short, stout circumfili charac- teristic of the larger forms. American representatives of these smaller forms, so Fig.42 Hormomyia am Z ericana Felt, 12th antennal far as known, breed exclusively in hickory segment of male, much en- larged. (Origina!) leaf galls. Key to species . a Wings long, emily with a length more than twice the width [pl. 37, fig. 2] b Antennae composed of more than 20 segments c Palpi uniarticulate . d Antennae with 25 segments; abdomen yellowish, male ee eee americana Felt, & gI cc Palpi biarticulate d Antennae with 27 segments; abdomen yellowish, with the 5th, 6th and 7th segments dull orange; ventral plate long, broad, broadly rounded distally, male..palustris Felt, C. 1205. dd Antennae with 26 segments; abdomen uniformly fuscous yel- lowish; ventral plate long, broad, deeply and triangularly -emarginate, CUNEN Tf Ae Giip eben needhami ‘Felt, C.. 788 bb Antennae with less than 20 segments c Antennae composed of 18 segments d Abdomen dark brown, the 3d and 4th segments margined posteriorly with yellow; palpi biarticulate, female..... at lawire-a: 1l.sp5 C:.615 cc Antennae composed of I5 segments d Abdomen dark brown, the 8th segment mostly yellowish; palpi biarticulate; ventral plate long, spatulate, truncate Apicaely. | Mee a Dee ae comsebh rr... sp. C- 1204 ccc Antennae composed of 14 segments 388 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM d Palpi biarticulate e Abdomen dark reddish brown; the 2d palpal segment not 3 times the length of the Ist; ventral plate long, broad, roundly and slightly emarginate, male; bred from truncate gall on Aiiclanchier vs.) S.-i. 2.05 eee ae canadensis n. spi augee ee Abdomen dark reddish; the 2d palpal segment 3 times the length of the Ist, female; bred from a terminal bud -eallvon. Spiraea... sess clarkei-n. sp., arggon dd Palpi triarticulate e Abdomen shiny black; ented plate spatulate, truncate dorsally:males -en eee johnsoni Felt, C. 821 ee Abdomen dark red; ventral plate short, broad, broadly emarginate, male; bred from cockscomb gall on Cra- faegus leaves. sees. sk crataegifolia Peltjvarsae aa Wings broad, broadly rounded posteriorly, the width about % the length [pl. 37, fig. 5]. Palpi tri or quadriarticulate b Palpi triarticulate c Abdomen dark salmon or deep red; 5th antennal segment with a broad, smooth area and slightly constricted near the basal 3d; 3 circumfili, the loops heavy, rather short, broad; ventral plate roundly emarginate, male; bred from tubular gall on oak leaves (Cecidomyia) tubtcola O.-S, C. ieee cc Abdomen light yellowish; 5th antennal segment cylindric, taper- ing at both extremities, with 3 circumfili, the loops heavy, rather short, broad, male; bred from melon-shaped, with de- pressed center, hickory leaf gall..thompsoni n. sp., C.1116a bb palpi quadriarticulate c Abdomen fuscous or deep carmine; 5th afiteniat segment having the basal stem with a length 34 its diameter, the distal stem with a length % its diameter, the basal enlargement slightly produced, with a length twice its diameter and tapering at both extremities; circumfili indistinct, short, the loops with a length about equal to the distance separating their insertions; dorsal plate broadly and roundly emarginate.................. (Cecidomyia) caryae O. S.C cc Abdomen orange or deep carmine; 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem hardly apparent, the distal part very short, the basal enlargement subcylindric, with a length about 14 its diameter, the distal enlargement cylindric, with a length 14 greater than its diameter; circumfili heavy, the loops thick, the basal loops reaching to the insertion of the 2d circumfilum, the loops of the distal circumfilum to the base of the following segment; dorsal plate nearly truncate, very slightly and broadly emarginate; bred from smooth subglobular, nippled gall on HIGEGHY.c pie ae eee eae tes ea arcuartia® nrsp, (Goa REPORT. OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 389 ccc Abdomen pale yellowish; 5th antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length equal to its diameter, the distal part with a length 34 its diameter, the distal enlarge- ment oval with a length ™% greater than its diameter; cir- cumfili very faint, probably 3; dorsal plate deeply and narrowly emarginate; bred from a subglobular, densely haired hickory cn fale (Geciaomyia) holetricha O. S. C xr DENTIFIBULA fi. g. This group comprises a number of forms easily separated from the more typical species referred to Contarinia, by the conspicuous, triangular apical process on the basal clasp seg- ment, the terminal clasp segment is therefore subapical. All of the species are small pale yellowish forms. The wing is represented on plate 38, figure I. Key to species a Distal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment rather short, with a length about 4 times its diameter; the 5th tarsal segment on the anterior legs longer than the 4th b Entire insect yellowish with the exception of a dark spot on the dorsal part of the abdomen; wing hairs curved; antennal setae rather fine, circumfili long. Taken on hickory..caryae Felt, 332b bb Mesonotum yellowish brown, the remainder of the insect light yel- lowish; wing hairs nearly straight; antennal setae coarse; cir- etm tatnet short, Bred itom A-spidiotus tuvae.......... GO 16 ne sps.Ge rors aa Distal portion of antennal stem of the 5th segment long, with a length about 5 times the diameter; 5th tarsal segment of anterior legs as long as the 4th b Entire insect a pale yellowish orange. Taken on Viburnum...... Vii-b tirus > Helt. C. 210; sor LOBOPTEROMYIA Il. Q. This genus comprises a number of very distinct forms easily separable from Contarinia, to which they are closely related, by the broad wings. These organs have a conspicuous, broadly rounded extension posteriorly, making the width about % the length [pl. 38, fig. 3, 4]. The antennae are also peculiar in that the basal portion of the stem on the flagellate segments rarely has a length equal to its diameter. The enlargements are relatively large, subglobose, and the circumfili rather short, stout and uniform. Key to species a Abdomen yellowish b Basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length about 14 its diameter 390 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM c Mesonotum yellowish and slaty brown; the distal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length 2% times its diameter, slightly expanded apically; the basal clasp segment stout, tapering slightly. Taken -:on fern: ... 22... 205 2s Be filicis. Felt, C. 2osgaa cc Mesonotum sooty yellow; the distal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length %4 greater than its diameter, slightly expanded apically; basal clasp segment stout, broadly rounded apically. “[Taken on basswood; Tilia: .-~. 3.) eee apicalis n.spomewes ccc Mesonotum dark brown; the distal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter, greatly ex- panded distally; the basal clasp segment short, broad, tapering strongly. Taken-on skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus............. foetedi n. sp, C. 24, 28 bb The basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length %4 greater than its diameter c Mesonotum reddish brown; the distal portion of the’ stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length 3 times its diameter; the basal clasp segment short, stout and tapering -strongly. Taken on skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus.......2.0.- dese symplocatfpi’ n. Spas aa Abdomen yellowish red b Mesonotum dark brown; the basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length only % its diameter; the basal clasp segment short, stout and roundly tapering distally. Taken on ‘fern. Avett eee rer consobrina. Felt, Gog aaa Abdomen light brown; the basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length % its diameter b Mesonotum dark brown; basal clasp segment very short, stout and roundly tapering apically. Taken on basswood..tiliae Felt, C. 25 bb Mesonotum light brown; the basal clasp segment very short and stout. Taken, on. ysedperenc. nek eee caricis 1. Sp aaaa Abdomen reddish brown ~, b Mesonotum yellowish brown; the basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length % its diameter; the basal clasp seg- ment short, stout and narrowly rounded apically. Swept from pine abdominalis: n, Spy CONTARINIA Rond. This genus, as at present limited, may be recognized by the nearly equal nodes of the male antennae each with but one circumfilum. The wings are rather long and narrow, the length usually being twice that of the width [pl. 37, fig. 6]. The claws are simple and the basal clasp segment of the male lacking the conspicuous sub- triangular apical process so characteristic of Dentifibula. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9Q07 3901 Fig. 43 Contarinia pyrivora Riley, 5th antennal segment of male, much en- larged. (Original) Key to species a Small yellowish species with very few or no fuscous markings b The 5th antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length twice its diameter c Mesonotum yellowish brown, the dorsal plate with lobes broad, broadly rounded and sparsely setose apically.......-......2+06. trict oli Peli G. 10s cc Mesonotum reddish brown, dorsal plate with lobes long, nar- rowly rounded and thickly setose apically. Bred from Eupa- Orth. pret tobiadt Wim... =. MerLolia ta ne sp, aro6so bb The 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem with a length at least 3 times its diameter c Mesonotum and abdomen pale yellowish, the distal segments of the latter variably clouded with fuscous; antennae % longer than the body; the 5th antennal segment having the basal part of the stem with a length 3 times its diameter; terminal clasp segment short, irregularly expanded and convolute, the apex strongly. recurveds cs ose ae ok es Cink athe a NSP. CTO E cc Mesonotum dark brown; wings long, narrow; antennae twice the length of the body; the 5th antennal segment with'a length 4 times its diameter; setae and circumfili slightly produced ven- pally... Bred front Oak 220 2605 dive ictholra. mssp. Co1ors aa Species usually larger and with more color b Abdomen yellowish or yellowish red c Mesonotum sooty yellow 392 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM d Abdomen fuscous yellowish, sparsely haired, the 5th antennal segment having the basal part of the stem with a length twice its diameter, the distal portion with a length 4 times its diameter; the 4th palpal segment 14 longer than the 3d flavolinea n. sp, Cae cc Mesonotum reddish brown d Abdomen yellowish brown, the 5th antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem 1% longer than its diameter, the distal part a little over twice its diameter; the 4th palpal segment a little longer than the 3d. Bred from deformed CHER yar. cn yet virginianiae Felt, © gee ccc Mesonotum dark brown . d Abdomen fuscous greenish white or yellowish e 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem with a length equal to its diameter, the distal part with a length 2% times its diameter; the 4th palpal segment a little longer than the 3d. Bred from Agrimonia..... agrimoniae Felt, a1696 ee 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem with a length 2% times its diameter, the distal part with a length 4 times its diameter; the 4th palpal seg- ment with a length % greater than the 3d. Bred from CObLOR) Snr a ese a ee gossypii Felt, Coaga dd Abdomen pale yellowish, the segments narrowly margined posteriorly with fuscous yellow; the 2 parts of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than the diameter; the 4th palpal segment more than twice the length of the 3d: Bred from Rumex.. >... .....ooGeeeeeee tumicis H. low. .agees ddd Abdomen fuscous yellowish; the 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem with a length % greater than its diameter, the distal part with a length 2% times its diameter; the 4th palpal segment %4 longer than the 3d.... divaricata 2 *sp..@uees dddd Abdomen pale salmon, the 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem with a length twice its diameter, the distal portion with a length 2% times its diameter; the 4th palpal segment twice the length of the 3d. Taken on Samibyens.. «ices doo ene sambucifolta. Felt, tee ddddd Abdomen greenish yellow; the 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem 2% times its diameter, the distal portion 3 times its diameter; the 3d and 4th palpal seg- Tents “equal. 42s hee virtdifilava. i. Sp, came bb Abdomen reddish or reddish brown c The 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem % its diameter, the distal porticn with a length ™% greater than its diameter; the 4th palpal segment twice the length of the 3d; the dorsal plate triancularly incised. Bred from Taxodium ananass1i Riley, C. 926 cc 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem with a length 34 its diameter ’ “ a =" — REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9Q07 393 d 5th antennal segment with the distal portion of the stem % longer than its diameter; the 4th palpal segment % longer than the 3d; the dorsal plate triangularly incised.......... rodsomiet i spre. 3 dd 5th antennal segment having the distal portion of the stem with a length twice its diameter; the 4th palpal segment about the length of the 3d. Bred from a purplish blister SeTLG NC ay AIS En NTs Oe Mae he i a a firtodendrt, OFS: ccc The sth antennal segment with the distal portion of the stem as. long as its diameter d The sth antennal segment with the distal portion of the stem 4% longer than its diameter; the 4th palpal segment twice the length of the 3d; the dorsal plate truncate, nar- POW AINEISCH. 42s sees ss Primed td: ni: sp.,.C. 1202; 1203 dd The 5th antennal segment with the distal portion of the stem with a length 3 times its diameter; the 3d and 4th palpal segments equal; the dorsal plate triangularly and breadiysctaareinate: Bred from Clematis. 5.00... sc. 088s clematidis n. sp., a1659b cccc The 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem with a length % greater than its diameter; the 4th palpal segment a little longer than the 3d; the dorsal plate triangularly emar- TUS Rene URS ee ae a eR a en WERE VC-aW a Stk Cay ona ceccc The 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem having a length % greater than its diameter d The 5th antennal segment with the distal portion of the stem with a length equal to that of its diameter; the dorsal plate broadly and triangularly emarginate. Bred from SOR@MMit SSCS a5... ws ies bos Soto hte ola .Goq=-G. e772 dd The 5th antennal segment of the distal portion of the stem with a length 3%4 times its diameter; the 4th palpal seg- ment % longer uma the 3d; the dorsal plate triangularly GReIG Cor tees cto eto % ol ates auppelophtria Kelt,.€)-¢ ceccccc The 5th antennal segment with the 2 portions of the stem with a length 2% times the diameter; the ath palpal segment %4 longer than the 3d; the dorsal plate triangularly incised........ bares end be ra helt, Cy 143. 144,100), 1730 174 bbb Abdomen brown or dark brown c Abdomen light brown 2 d Wings unicolorous; the 5th antennal segment with the 2 portions of the stem each with a length about 2% times its diameter; the circumfili long, slender, numerous; the 3d and 4th palpal segments equal. Bred from pear, Pyrus.. pyrivora Riley, C. 790, 959, 961, 907 dd Wings spotted with fuscous, the 5th antennal segment hav- ing the basal portion of the stem with a length % greater than its diameter, the distal part with a length 3 times its diameter; the circumfili with loops rather long and sparse and the 4th palpal segment a little longer than the 3d.... -ipemw hosam..sp. Ge s5oo 394. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM cc Abdomen dark brown or brownish black d The 5th antennal segment with the basal portion of the stem having a length equal to its diameter, the distal portion of the stem with a length 3 times its diameter; the 4th palpal segment 14 longer than the 3d. Bred from Negundo...... *negundifolia n. sp, (oe dd The 5th antennal segment with the 2 portions of the stem having a length % greater than the diameter; the 4th palpal segment %4 longer than the 3d. Bred from melon tip...... setigera Lintn. ddd The 5th antennal segment with the 2 parts of the stem having a length 2% times greater than the diameter; the 4th palpal segment twice the length of the preceding. Probably bred from Fraxinus.'))..-...... “2... . canadensis n. sp, CC. aoe DICHRODIPLOSIS Kieff. A few somewhat diverse species have been referred to this genus because they have all the claws unidentate. It is probable that several forms at least are not cogeneric with the type of the above named genus. Key to species a Abdomen fuscous yellowish, length 1.25 mm; fifth antennal segment having the stems with a length 3% and 4% times their diameters; palpi quadri- articulate; bred from a subglobular leaf gall on poplar....3: 2oeeeeeee populi- n. sp. Cais aa Abdomen reddish brown b Fifth antennal segment having the stems with a length 2 and 3% times their diameters; length 1.5 mm....androgynes n. sp. C. 6 bb Fifth antennal segment having the stems very short, the basal stem with a length only about % its diameter c Antennal swellings elongate, coalescing; length 1.5 mm; probably bred from oak leaves..... (Cecidomyia) quercina Felt, C. 1006 cc Antennal swellings stout, well separated, length 1.5 mm.............. (Cecidomyia) multifila Felt, Comogg BREMIA Rond. This genus, like Aphidoletes, has the antennal setae and hairs greatly prolonged on the dorsal face. The male may be distin- euished from all other Cecidomyiidae known to us by the-low rudimentary circumfilum occurring on the base of the distal en- largement of the antennal segments |[fig. 44]. The pulvilli are very short or rudimentary, the anterior claws only being uniden- 1Possibly the same asCecidomyia negundinis Gill. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 395 tate. The wing is illustrated on plate 37, figure 3. The ventral plate in the male tapers distally presenting a very different appear- Fig. 44 Bremia filicis Felt, 5th antennal segment of male, much enlarged. (Origi- n ance from that obtaining in Aphidoletes. Members of this genus are said by Kieffer to be xylophagous. Key to species - ‘a Abdomen yellowish brown, the segments margined posteriorly with pale fuscous, antennal segments with the distal portion of the stem markedly longer than the basal portion.......... podophyllae Felt, C. 352 aa Abdomen fuscous, clothed with long hairs, antennal segments with the 2 portions of the stem nearly equal...... PES EE RE aie falicts, Kel C237 aaa Abdomen dark fuscous yellow, the terminal segments pale orange, the 2 portions of the stem nearly equal, the length fully 3 times the diameter CaPretrs mM spr, t. 202 396 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM APHIDOLETES Kicff. Aphidoletes and Bremia are peculiar in that the setae and circumfili of the male antennae are greatly produced on the dorsal face. This genus is easily separated from Gremiaees the three well developed circumfili [fig. 45]; and by the pulvalli being long, usually over one half the length of the claw. The A\ Fig. 45. Aphidoletes hamamelidis Felt, 5th antennal segment of male, much enlarged. (Original) ventral plate in the male is expanded distally and the anterior and midclaws are strongly unidentate; the posterior claws are simple. The wing is shown on plate 37, figure 4. All of the species of Aphidoletes presumably live at the ex- pense of aphids or plant lice. Key to species a Legs very slender with a length 2% or 3 times that of the body; tibiae distinctly though slightly swollen apically REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 307 b. Posterior tibia as long as the femora, the 2d tarsal segment longer than tibia; body fuscous, the abdomen thickly clothed with pale TEC, SANA Ep A (Bremia) hamamelidis Felt, C. 4o1 bb Posterior tibia shorter than the femora c Abdomen dark brown; scutellum reddish brown................ Mare tia tan sp. Co i234 cc Abdomen reddish brown; scutellum light brown............... Pipbya: ge+sp. €o 536 ccc Abdomen reddish brown; scutellum light yellow PEeCwErV ata ns Sp. 825 aa Legs rather stout, with a length rarely twice that of the body; tibiae not distinctly swollen apically b Posterior tibia nearly as long as the femora c 2d tarsal segment of posterior legs longer than the tibia. Abdo- men reddish brown; scutellum pale yellowish brown, legs yel- dowieh; BLOWN... ccc oes 3 oe nrertdionatli's ne sp, Cy 1005 cc 2d tarsal segment of posterior legs almost as long as tibia; abdo- men grayish, thickly haired; scutellum yellowish; legs light BOW oo. 2. t (Diplosis, Bremia) cucumeris Lintn. bb Posterior tibia 34 the length of femora c 2d tarsal segment of posterior legs longer than tibia and Ist tarsal segment d Abdomen pale reddish orange; scutellum yellowish basally, red apically; legs fuscous yellow....flavida n. sp. C. 666 dd Abdomen fuscous yellow; scutellum light fuscous yellow; less Sie it tot Owile sacs nt os tk ew borealis n. sp., a1160 cc 2d tarsal segment of posterior legs as long as tibia and the Ist tarsal segment d 3d tarsal segment of posterior legs %4 the length of the 2d. Abdomen dark reddish brown; scutellum reddish orange... Wari aa’ nn. sp. Caser dd 3d tarsal segment of posterior legs more than % length of 2d segment. Abdomen yellowish brown, the basal segment iiscous. brown, scutellimi yellowish red)... 2... 2.22. 23 ©. basalis n. sp: at722 LOBODIPLOSIS Nl. g. This genus is erected for certain small, orange or yellowish orange species having the anterior claws unidentate and the third vein unit- ing with costa well beyond the apex [pl. 38, fig. 8]. The palpi are quadriarticulate and the basal clasp segment lobed, the terminal clasp segment being slender and subapical [pl. 40]. The harpes are strongly curved and heavily chitinized. The wings are illustrated on plate 38, figures 3, 4. Type, Mycodiplosis acerina Felt. Nothing is known concerning the life history of members of this genus, though it would not be surprising if they, like the allied My- 298 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM codiplosids, breed largely in fungi. The type species is evidently widely distributed and persists through a considerable part of the growing season. Key to species a Basal clasp segment with the apical lobe broadly rounded, smooth...... (Mycodiplosis) acerina Felt, C. 243, 260, 270, 548, 688, 6990 aa Basal clasp segment with a long, setose lobe apically (Mycodiplosis) quercina Felt, Cee COQUILLETTOMYIA Il. ©. This genus is allied to Mycodiplosis, since it has the anterior tar- sal segments unidentate. It may be separated therefrom by the conspicuous setose basal lobe at the internal angle of the basal clasp segment. The ventral plate is about as long as the style and broadly rounded apically, while the harpes are strongly chitinized. Type’ My co.diplosis to bettas Mel, Key to species a Abdomen dark salmon, the internal lobe of the basal clasp segment short, broad, naked, the ventral plate slightly emarginate;- harpes incon- SPICWOLS ote ese eee (Mycodiplosis) lobata Fel Garam aa Abdomen yellowish, the internal lobe of the basal clasp segment short, stout, setose, the ventral plate broadly rounded; harpes short, spined apically. .53 cee eee ec iee or eee eee texana n. sp. C. ai72 aaa Abdomen light brown, the internal lobe of the basal clasp segment long, setose; ventral plate broadly rounded; harpes long, terminating in a heavy, curved, chittmous, process... -:.3).. .. dentata Spy Cages KARSHOMYIA fl. g. The form referable to this genus is a small, yellowish brown banded species allied to Lobodiplosis Felt and easily distinguished therefrom by the unique genitalia. The stout basal clasp segment bears a broadly dilated, subfusiform terminal clasp segment; the harpes are strongly chitinized and very complex [pl. 41, fig. 1]. The wing is shown on plate 38, figure 7. Type and sole species, Mycodiplosis: viburnad Pell o@ecid ago. YOUNGOMYIA n. g. | This genus comprises several rather large, brownish Diplosids allied to Mycodiplosis and distinguished therefrom by the peculiar genitalia. The terminal clasp segment is greatly produced. being distinctly longer than the basal clasp segment, which latter has a REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 399 prominent lobe at its internal basal angle. The dorsal plate is al- most divided; the roundly truncate ventral plate is thickly haired apically and the style is rather stout, clavate [pl. 41, fig. 2]. Type Dicrodiplosis podophyllae Felt: Fig. 46 Karshomyia viburni Felt, antennal segment of male, much enlarged. (Original) Nothing is known concerning the life history of the species refer- able to this genus, though it would-not be surprising if later studies showed that they subsisted upon fungi, though it is possible .that they are zoophagous. 3 . Key to species a Abdomen reddish brown, the basal clasp segment with the internal basal lobe subquadrate..(Dicrodiplosis) podophyllae Felt, C. 207 aa Abdomen dark red, the basal clasp segment with the internal basal lobe fen MRIS Aas Beg ee ae 1 an cet aes BE ada = a. sp.i°Gs Aes 400 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM MYCODIPLosIs Rubs. This genus comprises a large number of small, yellowish or light brown forms presenting very much the same general appearance » and yet differing considerably in structural characters. ‘The anterior claws are unidentate and the third vein as a rule joins the margin of the wing beyond the apex. We have referred to this group a considerable number of forms having a more or less uniform structure and not referable to such recently erected genera as Kar- shomyia, Lobodiplosis, Youngomyia and Coquillettomyia, all of which are separated from this large genus by well marked structural characters. Key to species a Third vein uniting with costa well before the apex b Harpes indistinct, not lobelike c Abdomen pale yellowish; ventral plate rather long, broadly emargi- nate, the basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter:.reducta n.spy eee bb Harpes lobulate, distinct c Harpes setose d Abdomen reddish brown; ventral plate short, truncate, the basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length iwmdee eis, tciatmeten ss tet eae eee eee eee minuta Felt, C. 290 ce Harpes strongly spined, the basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter d Abdomen yellowish transparent; scutellum reddish brown...... oh acerifiolia, Pela dd Abdomen dark reddish brown; scutellum a pale fuscous yellowish ; pini Felt, C. 348 aa Third vein uniting with costa beyond the apex b Ventral plate long, at least 24 the length of the style c Ventral plate expanded apically, broadly and deeply emarginate d Dorsal plate long e Lobes -greatly expanded distally, spatulate; abdomen yellowish, length .75 mm....(Cecidomyia) angulafa Felt, C. 332a (Syn. C. urticae Feltsiga) ee Lobes long, not greatly. expanded laterally, narrowly rounded apically f Abdomen yellowish brown, reddish brown basally, length .75 mm, the fifth antennal segment having the stems 2 and 2% times their diameters; bred from folded, thickened cherry leaves....(Cecidomyia) cerasifiolia, Felt, Cars ff Abdomen light yellowish, reddish basally, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems 2% and 4 times their diameters; bred from globular leaf gall on poplar.......... populifelia n: sp, Creare REPORT OF THE STATE’ ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 4OI fff Abdomen pale yellowish, orange tinted basally, length 1.5 mm; fifth antennal segment having the stems 3 and 4 times their length; bred from fungus on Impatiens, Oecidium Mime aed tis. lh)... 1m Patient is. sp, Cearcge dd Dorsal plate short, broad, the lobes broadly rounded and margined with setae; ventral plate deeply and triangularly emarginate, the lobes slender, the basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length 214 times its diameter..............:..... rotundata n. sp., C. 634, 704, 564 ddd Dorsal plate with the lateral angles produced, the lobes roundly emarginate e Basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length 4% greater than its diameter f The lobes of the dorsal plate deeply and roundly emarginate, Ciematimennac. plainiy ttinodose.....: 2... s+ ci. cess cangecce. holotricha un. sp., C. 1104a, 1110a, a182tb ee Basal portion of the stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter f Dorsal plate long, deeply and roundly emarginate; antennae not iI EOSE Ss Fe oe a se eo Tiyclt. Mola. Belt) CG. “arsagh eee Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length thrice its diameter f The lobe’ of the dorsal plate broadly not deeply emarginate g Ventral plate deeply and triangularly emarginate, the lobes D(ESAVG Feira ae og ea oo aa er fet itas, i -sp.iC. 200 gg Ventral plate broadly and roundly emarginate, the lobes BEIM BE er rnen tease ie Oe ree Siete eke ooka iO.) tS ta ny ispse Ce 1216 ec Ventral plate broadly and slightly emarginate d Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length thrice its diameter, the dorsal plate short, with the lateral angles narrowly produced, the lobes roundly emarginate eye nococec 1 Pelt. C. 236 dd Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length equal to its diameter, the dorsal plate short, the lateral = ducts sieadine Produced... .s24..4% 502 bs ne Conhra-¢ fal, CC. bre ccc Ventral plate tapering distally, broadly and deeply emarginate d Terminal clasp segment as long as the basal clasp segment e Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length four times its diameter, the dorsal plate truncate...... : PA pith d.tan se. Spe Ce Oot dd Terminal clasp segment distinctly shorter than the basal clasp segment e Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length three to four times its diameter f Abdomen fuscous yellowish with the ventral plate narrow, the distal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length 2% times its diameter, stout and constricted at the basal third eaptiva Pelt,.C. 197 402 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ff Abdomen light brown, the ventral plate broad, the 5th antennal segment having the distal enlargement with a length 4 greater than its diameter and constricted at the basal third.......... aestiva T. spate fff Abdomen light brown, the ventral plate narrow, the 5th an- tennal segment having the distal enlargement with a length '% greater than its diameter and not constricted at the basal Piha ei ak, Faces somestee anon See obscura n. spi ee ee Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length 2% times its diameter, the distal enlargement with a length 34 greater than its diameter, the lobes of the dorsal plate obliquely truncate; abdomen fuscous yellowish................ variabilis n. sp. epee eee Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length % greater than its diameter, the distal enlargement with a length %4 greater than its diameter, the lobes of the dorsal plate truncate; abdomen fuscous. brown. ...........0 eee modesta n. sp.) cccc Ventral plate broadly rounded apically, the 5th antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length 2% times its diameter, the abdomen fuscous yellowish....tsugae Felt, C. 168a bb Ventral plate rather short, about % the ‘eth of the style or of ae basal clasp segment if the style is short c Ventral plate deeply emarginate d Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length 2% times its diameter, the abdomen yellowish orange.... emarginata Felt, C. 191, 438, 605 cc Ventral plate broad, broadly and slightly emarginate d Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length twice its diameter e The dorsal plate narrowly incised, the abdomen a mottled brown . alternata Felt, C. 200; 205) 220 ee Dorsal plate triangularly incised, the abdomen a reddish car- MAWES 2 ces See oe ee a Ee hudsoni Felt, C. 188 dd Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length % greater than its diameter e Abdomen pale orange, the distal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter............ coryli Felt, C. 237 ee Abdomen bright orange, the distal enlargement of the fifth antennal segment with a length twice its diameter............ perplexa n. sp, Gagee ccc Ventral plate broadly truncate d Dorsal plate narrowly incised, the lobes rather broad; abdomen brownish ‘orange. +. 5.sachesas cones mana aurata on. sp. Clam dd Dorsal plate narrowly incised, the lobes narrow and narrowly rounded; abdomen dark brown.......... silvana n. sp. C. 255 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 403 cece Ventral plate broadly rounded apically d Dorsal plate short, deeply and narrowly incised, the lobes broadly ~ rounded; 5th antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length 312 times its diameter....7...........:000%¢ (Crecttomyta) dcarivora Felt;-C 347 PRODIPLOSIS n. g. This genus is erected for the reception of certain small forms. which display, in a most interesting manner, the transition between the typical binodose antennae of the male Diplosid and the cylindric stemmed antennae of Rhopalomyia. The circumfili are rudimentary or wanting. The third to ninth segments are distinctly binodose, the eighth and ninth only slightly so, while the Ioth to the 14th are cylindric. The claws are simple. The third vein unites with the wing margin well beyond the apex. The genitalia are peculiar, in that the harpes are somewhat inflated. | Meee cera omyia iloricola Felt, C. a168r1. Apparently the same species has been. bred from enlarged blos- soms of clematis under the number a1694. ARTHROCNODAX Rubs. This genus comprises a number of small, yellowish forms having simple claws and most easily recognized by the third vein uniting with the costa well before the apex. It is probable that most of the species are zoophagous, though A. apiphila is known to subsist upon organic debris in beehives. Key to species a Ventral plate broadly rounded apically b Ventral plate long, rather narrow c Dorsal plate short, deeply and narrowly incised d Stems of 5th antennal segment nearly equal, each with a length thrice the diameter; abdomen orange brown, length .75 mm..... (Cetidomyia) ine 1s a Melt, C267 dd Fifth antennal segment with the stems subequal, each with a length 24 and 4 times the diameter; abdomen dark carmine with a MEcOus Spul lensth 1.2 MUM. keds aoe os 8 ae (Cecidomyia) sylvestris Felt, C. a1630 cc Dorsal plate long, broadly and triangularly emarginate d Fifth antennal segment with the stems nearly equal, each with a length 214 and 3 times the diameter; abdomen dark red, length ARM BIET tne oats ee ridin S Geyoisns tools Se sin Oe El fa otk. Spr iC a O76 bb Ventral plate long, rather broad c Dorsal plate broadly and triangularly emarginate 404 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM d Fifth antennal segment with the stems subequal, each with a length 2% and 3% times the diameter ; abdomen yellowish brown, length BR MONA My coy Ah eins ie (Cecidomyia) filicis Fel, © tagmeee cc Dorsal plate short, broadly and triangularly emarginate d Fifth antennal segment with the stems equal, each with a length 2% times the diameter; abdomen dark red, length I mm........ (Cecidomyia) fraxini, Fel tae bbb Ventral plate rather short, broad c Dorsal plate rather long, broad, deeply and triangularly emarginate d Basal clasp segment with a rounded lobe basally ; abdomen yellowish brown, length I mm..(Cecidomyia) acerina Felt Gg dd Basal clasp segment without a basal lobe internally; abdomen light yellowish brown, length I mm........ fenestra on’ Spies cc Dorsal plate rather long, narrowly incised d@ Abdomen fuscous, length .75 mm........ obscura Nn. sp, Gegee bbbb Ventral plate rather short, narrow, .narrowly rounded apically c Dorsal plate short, broadly and triangularly emarginate d Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length 34 its diameter or less e Abdomen yellowish or dark carmine, length 1 mm; third palpal segment slender .....:.......:apiphila Felt, Carga ee Abdomen reddish brown, length 1 mm; third palpal segment broadly oval...(CCecidomyia) macroiila FPeljv@aaaae aa Ventral plate truncate Sra b Dorsal plate short, deeply and triangularly incised; abdomen pale yellowish, length .5 mm; bred from heads of curled sumac leaves.... rhoina.n. Sp; Goaigeas bb Dorsal plate very short, deeply and narrowly emarginate, length 1 mm; bred from rolled elder leaves...sambucifolia n. sp, C. a1723 ODONTODIPLOSIS fl. g. This genus is erected for the separation of certain species allied to Cecidomyia, which may be distinguished therefrom by the triartic- ulate palpi and the conspicuous serrations on the somewhat conical ventral plate or harpes. Type Gecidom ya kate rems is Wel eae Key to species a Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length about % greater than its diameter b Length .75 mm; abdomen reddish yellow (Cecidomyia) karnerensis Pelt, Cage aa Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length 214 or 3 times that of the diameter b Abdomen ‘pale orange si. case ee ee americana n. sp., C. 451, 660 bb Ahdomen fuscous yellowish ...............- montana n. sp. C718 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 405 ADIPLOSIS Ni. g. This genus is easily distinguished from Odontodiplosis Felt, to which it is closely, related, by the stouter basal clasp segment and the total absence of teeth on the ventral plates or harpes. Type and sole species Cecidomyia toxicodendri Felt, 203: HYPERDIPLOSIS ni. g. This genus is erected for a form with simple claws bent at right angles and with a very long, broad, and very deeply and broadly emarginate ventral plate. The dorsal plate is deeply and roundly emarginate, the lobes being broadly emarginate and with the lateral angles greatly produced. iypeeaudisole species Cieecidomyia lobata Felt, C. 132. GIARDOMYIA nN. g. This genus is erected for certain species doubtfully referred to Octodiplosis Giard. These forms, however, present marked differ- ences from the type of this older genus and a new genus has there- fore been founded. The genus Giardomyia comprises a number of small, yellowish or reddish forms having the simple claws bent almost at right angles and usually somewhat enlarged subapically. The ventral plate is long, slender, slightly expanded apically and roundly emarginate, while the dorsal plate is short, triangularly emarginate-and with the somewhat long lobes broadly rounded or even truncate. The type species is G. photophila Felt [pl. 38, fig. 2]. Key to species a Abdomen yellowish b Abdomen pale yellowish c Length .75 mm, the 5th antennal segment having the stems 2% and 3% times their length; presumably bred from a pustulate gall on ILCEOA IE AIST ke PU ee a a ga imentiae ni spa. ars7sb, 536 bo Abdomen fuscous yellowish, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems 3 and 4% times the length of their diameters............. ifovebonacemctis 1. sp:, C.1907x aa Abdomen reddish b Abdomen bright carmine, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems 3 and 4% times the length of their diameters............. (Cecicompera)e pinotephtl a Felt, C. 323 bb Abdomen bright red; terminal segments yellowish, length I mm; 5th antennal segments having the stems with a length 3 and 3% times their diameters, the ventral plate deeply and narrowly emarginate.. enkagelnata te sp C.2446 400 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM bbb Abdomen deep reddish, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems 2%4 and 4 times the length of their diameters ........... hudsonica n. Sp, ae0 bbbb Abdomen dark reddish brown, length I mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems 2% and 3% times the length of their diameters. . montana fi. sp, -C.gaqeen METADIPLOSIS Nn. Q. This genus is easily distinguished from the ordinary type of Cecidomyia by the unique genitalia, the basal clasp segment being short, stout, broadly rounded and with conspicuous triangular, chiti- © nous processes at the internal angles, while the terminal clasp seg- ment is short, greatly constricted near the middle, enormously swol- len and recurved apically. Type and sole species Metadiplosis spinosa n. sp. Metadiplosis spinosa n. sp. Male. Length 1 mm. Antennae dark brown, the basal segments yellowish. Mesonotum dark brown, the submedian lines indistinct. Scutellum reddish yellow, postscutellum reddish brown. Abdomen light reddish brown, rather thickly clothed with pale setae and slightly fuscous distally. Wings hyaline, halteres yellowish basally, semitransparent apically. Legs a nearly uniform dark brown. Taken at Albany, N. Y., July 14, 1906, on quack grass. Type ©. 573, N.Y. State cseum:. EPIDIPLOSIS fl. Q. This genus is erected for a species remarkable because of the enormously produced, curved, setose-bearing spine on the basal clasp segment, this peculiar organ being nearly as long as the termi- nal clasp segment and strongly suggesting the genitalic modification we find in Lobodiplosis. It is, however, readily separable from this last named genus by the simple claws. Type and sole species Epidiplosis sayi n. sp., C. 429. Epidiplosis sayi n. sp. Male. Length 6 mm. Antennae light brown, yellowish basally ; face fuscous yellowish. Mesonotum fuscous brown, the submedian lines narrow. Scutellum reddish brown, postscutellum yellowish, the basal and terminal abdominal segments yellowish orange, the i REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 407 third, fourth and fifth being white, all sparsely haired. Wings hya- line. Legs a nearly uniform dull brown. Taken at Nassau, N. Y., July 1, 1906. Type C. 429, N. Y. State Museum. . LEStoprpLosis Kieff. This genus, as recognized by us, is easily separated from all other Diplosids by the very characteristic triangular lobe at the base of _ the slender basal clasp segment. The dorsal plate is rather long, rather deeply and triangularly emarginate, the lobes being nearly parallel and broadly rounded, while the ventral plate is long, rather broad and narrowly rounded apically. Species referable to this group are rather small, ranging from .75 to about 2 mm in length, usually yellowish or reddish, though a few are brownish. -Species of this genus are very frequently bred from various galls and in certain cases at least, are probably zoophagous. This is undoubtedly true of L. grassator Fyles, and presumably so of a number of other species, though it will be observed by refer- ring to the following records, that a considerable number of species have been bred from flowers or rolled leaves. These may be en- tirely responsible for the vegetable deformities or partly so, living as commensals, or it is possible that they may be the cause of certain malformations. It is impossible, in the present state of our knowledge, to make definite statements respecting the habits of these species. It is worthy of notice, however, that those reared from different plants, present variations which lead us to regard them as distinct species. Certain species in the following table are given in two divisions as having the wings either hyaline or spotted. This is due to the fact that it is very difficult to draw a sharp line between spotted and unspotted wings in cases where there are numerous gradations. Furthermore, females which are not repre- sented in the following table, frequently have spotted wings, while their consorts have the organs of flight hyaline. This character, though variable, is a very convenient one upon which to make pri- mary divisions. Key to species a Wings hyaline b Wings narrow, the length thrice the width c Abdomen brownish d Abdomen yellowish brown, the stems of the 5th antennal seg- ment with a length 3% times the diameter, the distal node with a length 4% greater than its diameter; bred from fusiform galls on RMT IANIE Ge Oo exe Ny on Lae cae a a €epas?) nesp- CG. -arsosd 408 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM dd Abdomen dark brown, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 3% times the diameter, the distal node with a length equal to its diameter; circumfili long :..........22.. eee (Cecidomyia) juniperina VFeli=Gygae cc Abdomen yellowish d Abdomen pale yellowish, the 5th antennal segment having’ the stems with a length thrice the diameter, the distal node with a length 4% greater than its diameter, circumfili rather long; bred from a cylindric fimbriate leaf gall on -Crataégus 2... 22a crataegifolia, n. sp3.@ eae dd Abdomen yellowish, the second to fourth segments fuscous, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 2% times the diameter, the distal node with a length ™% greater than its diameter, "Stylenshonth A. 06ks ere cinc-ta ni Spee ddd Abdomen fuscous yellowish e Style short, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 2% times the diameter, the distal node with a length 4 greater than its diameter, not constricted; bred from rolled edge of poplar leat).2. ee. populifolia n. sp, {Canes ce Style long, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 3% times the diameter, the distal node with a length 1% greater than its diameter, constricted; bred from rolled ash WANES ise: oa ety eee ee A fraxinifolia nospoieee dddd Abdomen fuscous yellowish, fuscous basally, 5th antennal seg- ment having the stems with a length 2% times the diameter, the distal node with a length % greater than its diameter, the style | short; dorsal plate slightly emarginate, the lobes broadly emargi- TABS Te Pree Sites eh, eee car a ae ome basalis n. spy Gage ccc Abdomen light carmine, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 2%4 times the diameter, the distal node with a length 14 greater than its diameter; style long; bred from rolled Ver- bena urtifolia leaves..verbenifolia n. sp.,* Co yaegeee bb Wings moderate, with a length about 214 times the width c Abdomen light brown d Fifth antennal segment having the stems with a length 3% times the diameter, the distal node with a length equal to its diameter.. (Cecidomyia) flavomarginata Felt, C. 109 dd Fifth antennal segment having the stems with a length thrice the diameter, the distal node with a length ™% greater than its diameter e Wings medium, with a length 2% times the width, circumfili moderate; bred from Phylloxera vastatrix Paleoues grassator Fryles, C. 962, 963, 974 ee Wings broad, with a length cnly 2% times the width; circumfili heavy; bred from pods of Yucca angustifolia. yuccae n. sp, GC t0r7 cc Abdomen yellowish d Abdomen pale yellowish . e Basal stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length 3% times its diameter REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 409 f Distal stem of 5th antennal segment with a length thrice its diameter, the circumfili stout, rather long; bred from Sohdaeo. learowith elongate, brown spotS-............0. 3.50% soltda cerns n.-sp..-C. atoss ff Distal stem of 5th antennal segment with a length 3% times its wimiopeme GincHiinuii, tatner lone.) 0.08.0. ee cues be eg a eels (Cecidomyia) hicoriae Felt, €. 26r ee Basal stem of the 5th antennal segment with a length 2% times its diameter f Distal stem of sth antennal segment with a length 3%4 times its diameter, the circumfili short; bred from distorted flower hies ar tewor, ocrophtitaria marylandica.....; (Cecidomyia) scrophulariae Felt, C. a1569 dd Abdomen fuscous yellowish, 5th antennal segment with the stems 314 times their diameters e Abdomen fuscous yellowish f Style long g Distal node of 5th antennal segment with a length 4 greater than its diameter; bred from flowers of dogbane ......... apocyniflorae n. sp., C. ar684 gg Distal node of 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter; bred from subglobular leaf gall on poplar elo.b 0'sa. us sp. CG. aro ff Style short, the lobes of the basal clasp segment slightly rounded, the distal node of the 5th antennal segment with a length BE Geri Ge Viltthr PSP AIHELEE © oe Oo. sa ocx ce selene) ole deca (Cecidomyia) tsugae Felt, C. 168b ddd Abdomen reddish e Abdomen reddish fuscous, the 5th antennal segment with the stems 3% and thrice their diameters, the distal node with a lenth 14 greater than its diameter; bred from rolled. milkweed Wesclepias)* leaves. 2. .f.55.02 20. asclepiae nm: sp., Cars ee Abdomen reddish brown, the 5th antennal segment with the stems 3%4 times their diameters, the distal node with a length 4% cere eter tier APS CAIICLET ofc bc sc wien s Gas na oof Ses en Co bE es ae (Cecidomyia) rugosa Felt, C. 650¢ eee Abdomen reddish, 5th antennal segment with the stems 3 and 3% times their diameters, the distal node with a length % greater than its diameter; bred from Clematis flowers ............... clem-airilorac im sp. GC aro4b aa Wings spotted b Legs broadly white-banded, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 214 times their diameter, the ventral plate coarsely setose apically; bred from thorn leaf........ tlorida ‘ni. sp., ‘Giga bb Legs not broadly white-banded c Abdomen yellowish Mpaase Seeined dark brown Or black. --2.. 3: oi. ee ee RE a kee (Ceerdemyia) carolina e Felt. C.:a1636 dd Abdomen orange tinted, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 3% times their diameters, the distal node with a length % greater than its diameter 410 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM e Wings medium, with a length 2%4 times the width; bred from Eupatorium ageratoides iin... .0cs.. dock eee (Cecidomyia)°“eupatorii, Carte ee Wings broad, with a length 2% times the width; bred from plane (Platares leat) eo sta, oe ote platanifolia n. sp, Coaregga ddd Abdomen reddish apically, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 3% times their diameters, the distal node with a length 4% greater than its diameter ..............s eee (Cecidomyia) asteris Felt, Cam dddd Abdomen red tinted, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 3% times their diameters e Wings moderate, with a length 2% times the width; bred from Remmex ac. Sc Gi eee Ae rumicis n. sp, GC areee ee Wings rather narrow, with a length 234 times the width; bred from thickened leaf fold on Spiraea tomentesaueeeee spiraeafolia-n. sp, C.760aers ddddd Abdomen brown tinted, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length thrice the diameters, the distal node with a length greater than its diameter; bred from Solidago............ (Cecidomyia) triangularis Felt, C. 763°(ayage cc Abdomen dark red, the tarsi faintly banded d Fifth antennal segment having the stems with a length 24 times the diameters; bred from rolled milkweed leaf.................. asclepiae n. sp. °C. atspem dd Fifth antennal segment having the stems 3 and 3% times their length; bred from galls of Phylloxera vastat#ficmeeeue grassator Fyles; @aqiose PARADIPLOBIS fl. Q. This genus is separated from Cecidomyia principally because of the peculiar structures presented by the male genitalia. The basal clasp segment is short, stout and broad, while the terminal clasp segment is short, stout and apically with a broad, chitinized serrate margin. The dorsal and ventral plates are short, broad, each rather deeply and narrowly emarginate; style short, stout. The third vein unites with the margin at the apex of the wing. The palpi are quadriarticulate and the claws simple. Type and sole species Cecidomyta obesa .ele OBOLODIPLOSIS n. g. This genus has been erected to include a remarkable form which diverges widely from the ordinary type of Cecidomyia in the male genitalia. The terminal clasp segments are greatly produced, being nearly 14 longer than the basal clasp segment. The dorsal plate is greatly expanded, nearly divided, the lobes being orbicular, while the ‘ Se a — ae ee | REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 4II ventral plate appears to be widely separated, the two lobes being short, stout and roundly triangular [pl. 42, fig. 2]. The male is 3 mm long, the flagellate antennal segments are strongly trinodose, while the claws are simpie and the third vein unites with the margin well beyond the apex. Type and sole species Geeidowiyia aribicarba CaVelt: CLINODIPLOsIS Kieff. Members of this genus are small, yellowish species which may be recognized by the simple claws, the quadriarticulate palpi, the lack of a conspicuous lobe or spine on the basal clasp segment and by the long, linear, narrowly rounded, ventral plate [pl. 42, fig. 1]. The species probably breed mostly in leaf galls, though C. cattle- y ae was reared from the roots of Cattleya gigas. Key to species a Ventral ie long, slender, tapering slightly and narrowly rounded apically 6 Antennal segments with only two distinct enlargements, not trinodose ¢ Abdomen dark brown, length .75 mm............... Piet ee ene (Cecidomyia) rubrascuta ,Felt, Ca 63 cc Abdomen yellowish brown, length I mm; bred from leaves of scrub a eee ce NE Foe ole sid Sad Gncctocd © 0 PLO aa i. sp® Cr ozo bb Antennal segments more or less distinctly trinodose c Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length twice its diameter d Abdomen Patna nec pleted ao Ts tata) 0 Foss ak ace ot 5 3 beh 2 See (Cecidomyia) acernea Felt, C. 267 cc Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length %4 greater than its diameter d Abdomen yellowish, the segments banded posteriorly and partially near the middle with brown e Length 2.5 mm, 5th antennal segment stems with a length 1%4 and 3 times the diameters, distal node strongly eee | nee for etonose. call on ‘WickOry 5-52. 22% icc sees nels swe (Ceceitdamyia) car ya e. Felt: C, 331 1117 ee Length 1.5 mm, 5th antennal segment stems with a length 1% and 24 times the diameters, distal node not strongly constricted (Cecidomyia) coryli Felt, C. 216 aa Ventral plate long, slender, tapering distally b Dorsal plate rather long, triangularly emarginate, the lobes long and narrowly triangular . c Abdomen pale yellowish or carmine, length I mm; 5th antennal seg- ment having the stems with a length 2% and 4 times the diameters, GOSMECIVENY «2. Wain 28 oa oe ee ifiane tlarcisan: sp. €.428,. 409 aaa Ventral plate long, rather stout, broadiy rounded apically b Dorsal plate short, the lobes truncate 412 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM c Abdomen dark red, the segments margined with fuscous, length I mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 2% and 4 times that of the diameters, respectively, trinodose (Cecidomyia) subtruncata Helh soca cc Abdomen fuscous brown, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 1% and 3 times that of the diameters, respectivelyocat c; cee ee be Sees Cee montana n. sp. cee aaaa Ventral plate long, emarginate b Ventral plate tapering distally, roundly emarginate c Dorsal plate short, roundly emarginate, the 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 1% and 2% times that of the diameters; bred from roots of Cattleya.gigas ....e0eee cattleyae i.\spl@ ae cc Dorsal plate short, narrowly and_triangularly emarginate, the lobes produced laterally; abdomen yellowish, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 2% and 3% times: that ofthe diameters /....°... rubisolita mn sp, eeoe bb Ventral plate long, slender, broadly emarginate c Dorsal plate triangularly emarginate, the lobes truncate d Abdomen reddish brown, length .75 mm; 5th antennal “segment having the stems with a length 3 and 4 times that of the IATHETEES « EC: °200 dd Abdomen yellowish brown, length .75 mm, 5th antennal segment with the stems 34 and 114 the length of their diameters ........ pate. fol aysp. Ce 207 cc Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length greater than its diameter, the circumfili distinct d Abdomen pale yellowish, sth antennal segment with the stems nearly equal, each 3% times the diameter e Length 1.5 mm; dorsal plate triangularly emarginate, the lobes Broadly: IeMACAle oo e006 ss: americana n. sp., C. 420, ?694 ee Length 1 mm; dorsal plate lobes diverging, rounded............ Rec ts vata Pelt C7 461 eee Length .75 mm; dorsal plate roundly emarginate, the lobes hardly diverging, obliquely truncate........ Pragatriae Felt. C, 328 bb Abdomen yellowish red, length .75 mm; dorsal plate short, triangularly emarginate, the lobes obliquely truncate; 5th antennal segment having Pipes Ot and 2 times: ‘their: diameters .....0 2. c.6..5 cases ee ews émareinata) Felt, C. 421, 34 dd Abdomen dark brown, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems 2% and 3 times their diameters. ruricola n. sp., C. 293 bb Ventral plate deeply and roundly emarginate, the lobes not diverging ; strongly c Fifth antennal segment having the stems equal or nearly so d Lobes of the ventral plate diverging apically e Abdomen dark brown, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems each with a length 3% times its diameter............ apicalis -n..sp, G>.400) 367 dd Lobes of -the ventral plate nearly parallel, not diverging apically e Lobes of the dorsal plate not strongly diverging f Abdomen pale yellowish orange or yellowish brown, length I mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems each with a femeainea aes tts Ciatieter .i. 26 2. J jai. a seis’ tee oie Re ole & apeitd tdtha; ne isp GC. 2A7.(62t. -GaG. G32 ff Abdomen dark yellowish brown, length .75 mm; 5th antennal ‘segment having the stems with a length 3 and 3% times (hese diamIElets! 2k... oie Perres tris. as. Sp. Cy 378 fff Abdomen dull red, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems each with a length 31% times the diameter; the 4th palpal segment as long as the 3d ...... By ec pve cosas catia eet Sane Phiri ne sp.” Gx1365 ee Lobes of the dorsal plate strongly divergent f Abdomen pale yellowish, length 1.25 mm, the 4th palpal seg- ment 34 longer than the third, the 5th antennal segment hav- ing the two parts of the stem with a length 3 and 3% times their diameters; dorsal plate lobes very large, divergent, the distal third setose and as long as the ventral plate ........ C= pire stan asp. Crsry 414 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ff Abdomen bright orange, length 1 mm; dorsal plate lobes divergent, distinctly constricted subapically and bearing a few stout setae apically; ventral plate twice the length of the dorsal plate; bred from wheat heads........ tritici Kisby ce Stems of the 5th antennal segment plainly unequal d Stems each with a length 3 and 4% times its diameter e Abdomen reddish yellow, length 1.5 mm; bred from flowers of ADOC Witten gee eee. 8 ee eee as apocyn4 n.-sp, Cole ee Abdomen greenish bronze, length 1.5 mm; bred from flowers of Spiracan eae ee ae es spieaca tetas Felt, a1681b dd Stems each with a length 1%4 and 2% times its diameter e Abdomen dark or reddish brown, length 2 mm .............. | hudsoni Felt, Crk: ee Abdomen reddish yellow, length 1.5 mm ...... 225.2222 setariae Felt, a1721 bbb Ventral plate truncate or nearly so c Abdomen pale yellowish orange, length 1.6 mm; 5th antennal seg- ment having the stems equal, each with a jeneth YZ greater than its. \@ianieters 6 eee. Coe ee as ee eee ee nixoOni nn) sp, ese cc Abdomen dark fuscous yellowish, length 1.25 mm; 5th antennal seg- ment having the stems with length 2% and 3 times their djamebers (2k bite ohh oe eee See tolhurstae n. sp. Giga bbbb Ventral plate broadly rounded, dorsal plate long, the lobes rounded c Abdomen pale orange, with a fuscous spot basally, length .5 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 2% and 3 times their diameters si) Gas we ee eee quercina Felt, C. 342 aa Ventral plate short b Ventral plate broad, deeply and roundly emarginate c Abdomen pale yellowish, length 1.25 mm; dorsal plate short; triangu- larly emarginate, the lobes produced laterally, the 5th antennal seg- ment having the stems equal, each with a length 3% times its diameter; bred from rolled leaves of Verbena urtifolia .......... urtifolia n. sp.) Ga cc Abdomen pale yellowish, jeneth 1.5 mm, dorsal plate short, triangu- larly emarginate, the lobes angularly rounded, the 5th antennal seg- ment having the stems each 314 times its diameter. Bred from dwarted-catalpa’ shoots: 5 ttre Or eet catalpae Comst.; a1804 ccc Abdomen pale yellowish, length 2 mm; dorsal plate short, angularly and slightly emarginate; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length % arid 214 times their diameters. :...!.:.... See tecomiae Felt, C. a1260 cece Abdomen light yellowish brown, length 2 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 1% times their diameters.......... resinicola O. S., C. ars bb Ventral plate broadly and roundly emarginate c Ventral plate tapering distally d Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length less than its diameter . e Abdomen reddish brown, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length % and 1% that of the diameter antennata =n. sp, Cr 69 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 w ATS ee Abdomen dark brown, length .75 mm; sth antennal segment having the stems with a length %4 and 114 that of the diameter flavoscuta Felt, C. 76 eee Abdomen dark reddish, length 1 mm; 5th antennal segment hav- ing the stems with a length 34 and twice that of the diameter foliora Rssl. & Hkr:, C. 1339 dd Fifth antennal segment having the basal portion of the stem with a length greater than its diameter e Abdomen reddish brown, length 1.6 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 1% and 2%4 times that of the (CANT S EGO? tie nie Neer se Se claytoniae Felt, C. 46 cc Ventral plate hardly tapering distally, very short and broad d Abdomen pale yellowish, length .75 mm; 5th antennal segment having the stems with a length 2 and 2% times that of the NOME es Bt consecrate Woe aN wa excavatvonis ‘Helt, C. 65 EPIDOSARIAE This group contains a number of very characteristic forms which nevertheless present many structural diversities. The members of the group may be best recognized by the well de- fined cross vein uniting subcosta with the base of the third vein. ‘This cross vein frequently has a course nearly parallel with costa, though in certain forms it diverges from the third vein at an oblique angle, and in some species almost at a right angle. The third vein unites with the margin of the wing beyond the apex. Several genera are undoubtedly represented in our American fauna which have not been differentiated from the older established ones. So little is known of the life history of these species and there is such great diversity between the two sexes, that the present studies must be regarded as pre- liminary. Bere Key to genera a Three long veins . b Cross vein not parallel with costa c 5th vein forked, the wings very long and narrow, the legs long... Colpodia Winn. cc 5th vein simple, wings broader and legs shorter...............--- (type J. rubra) Johnsonomyia n. g. bb Cross vein running parallel or nearly so to costa c 5th vein forked d Antennae greatly prolonged in both sexes...............--.. Porricondyla Rond. dd Antennae not greatly prolonged in both sexes..Dirhiza Winn. ee AMP NCMU SIUC. cre sof Scie sinle b+ 2 ke wed eee as Holoneurus Kieff. aa 4 long veins, the 5th simple b Cross vein running parallel or nearly so to costa..Asynapta H. Lw. bb Cross vein running at a considerable angle with costa.............. ae Winnertzia Rond. 416 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM coLpop1ia Winn. This genus is remarkable for the extremely long, slender wings, the fifth vein being forked and the cross vein almost at right angles to costa [pl. 39, fig. 1]. The legs are very we and slender. The genitalia are peculiar, see plate 43. Key to species a@ 12 antennal segments; females . b Abdomen reddish brown, length 1 mm; wings very slender, with a length about 5 times the width... . a eae aoe eee tuckeri n. spp toetese bb Abdomen reddish yellow, length 2.5 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length 4 times its diameter, the terminal lobe of the ovipositor tapering, with a length fully 4 times: tts, width! a00% 2s oe ee eee caudata no Soe aaa 14 antennal segments b 5th antennal segment with a stem 4 or &% the length of the basal enlargement; females c Abdomen brown, the dorsal sclerites heavily chitinized anteriorly and posteriorly, length 1.5 mm....karnerensis Felt, C. 30 cc Abdomen dark reddish brown, the dorsal _ sclerites evenly chitinized; length" 1.5) mime. ian ee es carolina, Game bb 5th antennal segment with a stem ¥% the length of the basal en- largement c Abdomen fuscous yellowish, length 2 mm, the basal eailarereaael of the 5th antennal segment with a length 3% times its diameter, 4th palpal segment % longer than the 3d..borealis Felt, C.155 aaaa 16 antennal segments; males b 5th antennal segment with a stem as long as the basal enlargement c Abdomen fuscous yellowish, length 2 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter.. canadensis 2. spy a bb 5th antennal segment with a stem % longer than the basal enlargement c Abdomen dark brown, length 1.5 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter; ; terminal clasp segment greatly enlarged apically................ pini. Felt, Cr gas cc Abdomen orange yellow, length 1.5, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length 134 its diameter; terminal clasp segment greatly swollen basally...............+-. dilatata n. sp. Goariag bbb sth antennal segment with a stem twice the length of the basal enlargement c Abdomen light yellowish brown, length 2 mm, the basal enlarge- ment of the sth antennal segment with a length 2% times its diameter. is $e cde ies es eee barberi n. sp, Cogs bbbb sth antennal segment with a stem 2% times the length of the basal enlargement 1 : ; a Soe a ee ee Ay | REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 4IQ c Abdomen fuscous yellowish, length 3 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter; feral clasp seament enlarced apically... 00. ov .a is. wecdes ewe 0's ht amiat aiFelt;- ©. 21626 cc Abdomen light yellowish, length 1 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter, the terminal clasp segment not greatly enlarged apically......... flava Nelt. Crest aaaca 20 antennal segments, the 5th with a stem 2% times as long as the basal enlargement ; males b Abdomen fuscous yellowish, length 2.5 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length ™%4 greater than its MME Te ah te hs ss ek os Gow wn multinoda n. sp.’ C. 789 DIRHIZA Winn. This genus may be separated from Porricondyla Rond. by Fig. 47 Dirhiza hamata Felt, 6th antennal segment of temale, much enlarged. (Original) the antennae not being greatly prolonged in both sexes. The wing is illustrated on plate 30, figure 7. | Key to species ’ a 12 antennal segments b 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal en- largement 6 Abdomen yellowish, length 1 mm; female. ... 22.0.5... eee cee es (Porrml eon dy ba) s yivwestrts. Felt. Ce. 175 aa 13 antennal segments b 5th antennal segment with a stem ™%4 the length of the basal en- largement peabdomen dark brown, length 2.5mm; female. ....05. 6.050. eee : : hamata Felt, C. 142 aaa 16 antennal segments b 5th antennal segment with a stem 4% the length of the basal en- largement | A2O NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM c Abdomen yellowish, length 3 mm; female .:.......])33eeeeeee photophila n. sp, C. 45 aaaa 20 or more antennal segments b Abdomen yellowish orange, length 3 mm; 24 antennal segments, the 5th with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement, which latter has a length 3 times its diameter; the 4th palpal segment 4 lenser*than-thes9@ 20 s-6 4; et ae ee canadensis iSpy bb Abdomen light reddish brown, length 3 mm; 25 antennal segments, the 5th with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement, which latter has a length 2%4 times its diameter; 3d and 4th palpal segments “nearly ‘equal. ssc ne ee montana n. sp. C. 953 bbb Abdomen pale yellowish, length 2 mm; 26 antennal segments, the sth with a stem % the length of the basal enlargement; the 4th palpal segment 1% longer than the 3d ........1 .7. 3) nnn multiarticulatea n. Sp., C. 831 HOLONEURUS Kieff. This genus may be separated from Porricondyla and Dirhiza by the fifth vein being simple [pl. 30, fig. 3] and the four palpal seg- ments distinguish it from Colomyia Kieff. Key to species a 12 antennal segments, the stem of the 5th as long as the basal en- largement cee b Abdomen yellowish, length; :1.25:mm; female ....: =... ae (Pot pieoni tae alttfilu’s =eie CG. 308 aa 16 antennal segments, the 5th with a stem twice the length of the basal enlargement b Abdomen yellowish ‘brown, length 2 mm; male .. 2327 eeeee stoneaeee n. sp., C. 954 aaa 25 antennal segments, the sth with a stem %4 longer than the basal enlargement b Abdomen dull yellowish, length 3 mm; ite: Serre multinodus n. sp, C. 528 Asynapta H. Lw. This genus may be recognized by the four long, simple veins, the fifth being simple, and by the cross vein being parallel or nearly so with costa [pl. 30, fig. 6]. Key to species a 16 antennal segments, the 5th with a stem %4 longer than the basal en- largement b Abdomen yellowish brown, length 2 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length 3 times its diameter; the terminal clasp segment broadly triangular..............:-.-veene (Winnertzia) furcata Felt, @ 336 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 421 aa 18 antennal segments, the 5th with a stem 34 the length of the basal enlargement b Abdomen light yellow, length 2 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segment with a length 34 greater than its diameter... | flavrda nm ‘sp. C 304 aaa 19 antennal segments b 5th antennal segment with the stem in the male 34 and in the female Y the length of the basal enlargement c Abdomen reddish orange, length male 2 mm, female 1.5 mm, the basal enlargement of the 5th antennal segm:nt with a stem twice the diameter; bred from Rhabdophaga batatas CRESS A Se rae a BoaSatteiper dam spi Cammtsa aaaa 20 or more antennal segments b 5th antennal segment with a stem as long as the basal enlargement c Abdomen reddish brown, length 2 mm; 21 antennal segments, the basal enlargement of the 5th with a length % greater than Ree ORATMICLCR otic atvaerwne geet wen kde caudata n. sp. C. 1219 cc Abdomen orange-yellow, deneth 1.5 mm; 23 antennal segments, the basal enlargement of.the 5th as a length 34 greater bbetaetES: (ATATICLERS Serre foc once Geen So ee eerast Helt; C296 ccc Abdomen light brown, length 1.5 mm; 23 antennal segments, the ee enlargement of the sth with.a length twice its diameter.. 2 €anadensis: mn. sp., C. ee bb sth eeteaial segment with a stem % longer than the basal en- -largement “¢ Abdomen reddish brown, length 2 mm; 28 antennal segments, the basal enlargement of the 5th with a length twice its diameter photophila Felt, C. 119 oF WINNERTZIA Rond. _ This genus is easily distinguished from all other members of the group by the four simple long veins, and in particular by the cross vein arising from the third vein at an obtuse angle [pl. 309, fig. 9]. The antennal structures are exceedingly peculiar, inasmuch as the circumfili are modified to form unique horseshoelike struc- tures on each side of the antennal segments. . Key to species a 13 antennal segments, the 5th with a stem 34 the length of the basal enlargement b Abdomen yellowish brown, length 1 mm; male ...............0.0000- ae Carp imi elt Ce 106 aa 14 antennal segments . b Segments sessile or subsessile; females c Abdomen reddish bzown, length 2 mm, the 5th antennal segment with a length % greater than its diameter, the 4th palpal seg- ment % longer than the 3d..... YE ZOMLE MSS” Nirsp., C1822 cc Abdomen greenish yellow, length 2 mm, the 5th antennal seg- ment with a length 3 times its diameter, the 4th palpal segment twice the length of the 3d......... ealciequina. Felt, C673 422 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ccc Abdomen pale straw, length 2 mm, 5th antennal segment with a length twice its diameter, the 4th palpal segment ™% longer than the ad's seeker karnerensis 2. Sp, ge cccc Abdomen fuscous yellowish, length 1.5 mm, 5th antennal seg- ment with a length 2% times its diameter, the 4th palpal segment twice as longas the o@..0c. hudsonici_n, sp, C. argssy bb 5th antennal segment with a stem % the length of the basal en- largement; males Fig. 48 Winnertzia ampelophila Felt, Fig. 49 Winnertiza Cabs. 6th antennal segment of male, much en- ciequina Felt, larged. (Original) — 11th antennal segment of female, much en- larged. (Original) c Abdomen dark yellowish brown, length 1.5 mm, the 4th palpal segment twice the length of-the 3d... 20... .<. 21.5 ee (Porricondyla) ampelophila Felt, C. 450 cc Abdomen dark brown, length .75 mm, 4th palpal segment twice the length of the 3d..... Sie hots solidaginis Felt, C. 508 bbb 5th antennal segment with a stem 34 the length of the basal en- largement; males c Abdomen yellowish green basally, apically light brown, length 2 mm; 4th palpal segment % longer than the 3d....... Reet calciequina Felt, Ciigeme cc Abdomen dull brown, length 1.25 mm; 4th palpal segment 4 longer ‘than ..the .30isa.c4 5 ae tee ee ee rubida, C. 300 bbbb 5th antenual segment with a stem as long as the basal enlargement; male ; c Abdomen dark brown, length 1 mm; 4th palpal segment twice the: length ofsthesad. a. Pinicorticis Felt, C. 1047 EXPLANATION OF PLATES . Pt : Py Pao «Ss : ear wn » a ‘ * + . Mi 4 7 = ” 4 ; , 7 . aS ; er O / ; ’ i “4 ‘ : Eyer Z . r al re Saie < Me eK ees : ‘ r a ‘ < : jea = ‘ ; S : ont ; : ° E & Q . ‘ ‘ : | eae 43 rage Sa ’ a a ( ee E ; : = a N 4 - Qa getae . . f exe i] (ca) : - as = eat N Plate 1 1. Snow-white linden moth jai RON Nada So A ik Seca ad 2 Work of striped maple worm a oe “ ay 4 c om . i. ~~ . z _ . e » ~ i a ra - i ‘ ~ / - ‘ . 2 i . » . * + 7 . L/ » o: 4 f . ~ ‘ 3 I Leucobrephos bveph omen Walle: 2 Work of apple leaf folder, Ancylus n ae . e > . * 3 ‘ n a3 ’ 2 i , P ‘ o t aah ay eee . : , . ‘h As ? 7 e ¢ Plate 2 2 Work of apple leaf folder, Ancylus nubeculana Eriophyes gall (no. 82) on Nyssa hk, i & ¢ » ae mE: Old se river (2) = SS) S oS > D S&S oO == cs = SS on - 2 = = Oo bi N ¥ « . puod 28107 PIO 7 93k] g puod urejuno; preg + * = * i 4 \ \ - m= - - » ¥ . ie Plate 7 Beaver Meadow brook Plate 8 Ye DP « ? = Water tent trap cove -water sponge fro: h 2 Fres ot a Amb WN A OONI Wings of Habrophlebia vibrans Abdominal appendages of the male, viewed from above Abdominal appendages of the male of Ephemerella dorothea Thoracic crest of female subimago Abdominal appendages of male of Potomanthus diaphanus Side view of end of abdomen of female, Choroterpes betteni, showing -ovipositor : Side view of end of abdomen of male Ventral view of male abdominal appendages 442 ings otographs of crane fly w ‘ict an omy tales D 2 ae ita: laceOcera tip ulin a;-Oe I OT MM WNW ; were : A II 9}®1q : Pénthoptera a 2 R hypholophus nubilus O. ta i Db 1 I ZI 938d we er ee Sere ck 2S eA J a “4 ‘ 4 : x . $ - i " , ; ‘ . s F 5 (4 ba ‘ n o é fi . = 7 t eo 3 L y 4 : ne - - > 2 2 * ' 1 Rhaphidolabis tenuipes O.S. 2 Limnophila montana O. S. a SF aunt | Pee * : ad =, 2 \ — bh ‘ AP i a . N SS + OSS a 4 7 Ven San ae Fk pe AnRwhnrd Crane fly wings Macrochile spectrum Loew, after Loew > Tanyderus pictus Phil., after Philippi Xiphura frentvaias teen ic = Rhamphidia flavipes Macq. Orimarga anomala Mik. after Mik. Limnophila_ brevifurca O.S. drawn from a Ee 450 PA Bs Sy ,} ° am - : \% f : ; i ° i hon ) | i* % . 7 4 . 5 , r x 4 . P eS | ny , q . i . ha ‘ a rd . > 7 , ’ ; > - ys : a 7 4 AmB WD Crane fly wings [dioplasta 4rteh1-O--S, alter Osteny Sacken Ptychoptera urectine ta aS; Bittacomorpha clavipes Fabr. Cylindrotoma distinctissima Meigen, after van der Wulp Liogma cnodt¢o rnis Oi cs, Cyttaromyia cancellata Scudd. (fossil), after Scudder 452 if i) "I eiey t a Da ee a “9 - a oni fr Ni a Crs 7 2 ‘ h q 3 3 J J . ~ . b ¥, . ° pe 0 ys ’ a - x ° 7 = a . - 7+ : : ‘ . « - 2 ‘ 4 7 7S - tm y . ‘ 7 ( . ; Am BwobND ‘ —* 7 ‘ , al > A oe + Aa i a , . is es — ty = ; he ; e ie a, ‘ - | ee ate Avaf : Fy I é % + f Cay we i 7 - * at ri jes ae > © ; . +> « . ia ‘ “ - wu ‘i ‘ : ; 4 { ’ ~ ’ j ete Ae ‘ aS hal e . Sa he ‘ ‘ ne ‘ ‘- ° 4 ~ : : , . ° . ‘et _ bd Cisno pone Sian ?Tipula tenuis v.d.W.,, after van der. Wulp Oropeza: ant wl aris Say Megistocera fuscana Wulp, after van fee Walp Crane fly wings Se AN = Dolichopeza americana Ndm. Scamboneura-datata ©, S., after Osten Sacken_ 454 f ue 4 “ . . * “2 ‘ va . <4 ; 5 noe - rey . “ ‘ o- a = > Y = gor ff A * 1 cae * ee ° ee ‘ . > mu 47 - 4 . My ~ re ‘ _- : epee * ~s. * a ~~, : + ae i a a ces a el 2200S ee SR ae a Se a Ee ie af <3 % a Nu > Ww i. we f q ta ie i’ < [= ¥ % . a” : by c = 4 +. L le « a a ~ ta? oe. Rips Nu ‘ ATs % +8 : ee * as x era oes: eT a are St " - ee nt “3 Ps hes 5 at whe J my pe 4 tad 4.4 ine” ~ ? % 3 , ; prey ry , J =“ \ t n , = >» é i. \ 3 - ~ a s } os Crane fly wings Undetermined Tipuline from Virginia, Ill. , Tip of wing of Rhabdinobrochus extinct Scudder (Florissant fossil) | Tip of wing of Eien ts gracilis Walker: after Ptilogyna ramicornis Skuse, after Skuse — Semnotes ducalis-Westw., after Skuse f Ozodicera griseipennis Loew, after Loew 456 a y, “Ser -) ; z " r ‘ er 7 ‘ hm f ’ me 4 J ] ote a % ; : pe ‘ a Re ; ae ne : ae le a >) ti Se wre + 4 meee 7 rt j . x sg ae alc Oho are + i Jee * ~ be ity ) a ‘ ~ « 1 ar - a : ¥ % iv * 5 > * . ve “ ; af * “ e ‘ “ x . ’ . ‘ x 17 = ¢ ! . _ Wings of crane flies of the genus Limnop! Limnophila (Dicranophragma) fuscovari Liamnophila toxoneuta-O.S; » - eee Limnophila poetica O. S. aS, ss Limnmophtrls anunda Ose. Limnophidajadusta lO: Rimnop hi ta? qa3 daa Ones 458 9 ow 9 SAS Cae a ae a — > -- — ieee Au BR WD H ee See ee fe Ps i pak gins o ¥ £ - Wings of crane flies Dicranetatirivutatis 0. S-. 2 et -Rhaphidolabis tenuipes-O. >= Epiphragma fascipennis Say TLreichoeeraibruimelis bitch Lechria singularis Skuse, after Skuse Amphineurus australica Skuse, after 460 AN eae ; v Pie ae “4 Au fw DN H Lipsothrix remota Walk. after Wahlgren — Tinemyia margaritifera Hutt, atter Hutton Pie fly wings” Gynoplistia wakefieldi Westw., ticks Beto nda: barbipes Meigen, after van der Wulp Poecilostola pallens, after van der. Wulp | Palaeopoecilostola sp.?, after Meunier ‘ : oe 462 ae A a ee ee te I te rte ates BH =e Plate 20 22S 2 a SSS Cu, Se eee irrorratus or eee see. van ee c Walp Crane fly wings ee Polymorio. lutea Phil, after Philippi Polymera Es ce after Williston — Mongoma fragillima Westw., after Westwood - 464 % bs Amn BP WD agre J 4 ¢ os s “nd a | cline aie 4 =e 4 ~ tie< - . a iss Py te’ ny ~ a * 4 * ha he - yy i vie 3; bas ». x ~ ev —— Pk gq ve) ? ~ Fog : ‘) ar . ry * “4 id Ms TP elt i PP . é < : . é P b : 2 > = 7 i ¥ i = Crane fly wings Cladoneura qr Heroine Scudd. (idestigs after Cladura indivisa O.S,, after Osten Sacken Rhypholophus nubilus O. S. Phy pol ophus ate ieee oe So" Rhypwofloph ws. montre 6la.0:5, Molophilus hirtipennis O. S. 466 Om BW DN 4 ot = ff Sey : oy: hy - rs: on a ; - i f ae OG re * AS eh a ’ on te $ — oe i! * . S . nt a hae +S x . F sy) = et oe : i . eg a "2 Sue ak aoe ¢ z Sted ns eS ey 7 f . a a . hg! ol? “ ‘1 bei hw : 3 Be < . i ‘, at € aor : f , . vn a: *s bed a es 4 ’ 2 ~J T= . Crane fly wings Erroptera Pei oea Ear ch ATE: aa . Erioptera septemtrionis O27Sz E. (Mesocyphona) caloptera O.S. Ei CAcyphona).v en uy sia On." S) E. (Hoplolabis) armata O. S. with spur in rdieeen cell 8 Same species with complete cross vein in discal cell — ae 468 4 \ WW uM y Wy MY Am Bh Ww b Cae Giana ge ae aes team tee Helobia punctipennis Meigen oes Gonphomyia tristissima 0.S. Goniomyia sulphurella OS. co. Goniomyia cognatella O.S. — Goniomyia blanda ©. S: Mongoma manca Williston 470 me / ag ? ’ « . " a . ‘'~ y "4 ' ‘ 7 i a ay » } = . K r FI , ? ' - = . ' , PEs { : . i 4 , é < PLATE 25 471 Crane fly wings 1 Amalopis inconstans O.S. Ne? 2°A Mal Op ts TC al eat “Oe on ce eres - 3 Amalopis sp.? oa AE eal ie 4 Ula elegans OLSaoH : s-U-La: sp. ‘nov. 6 Polyangaeus ee Doane, ee i 475 Cy Ol es Cae Wise wr = o . 4 Ver. es ¥ rae = rs, , . \ f * } 3 eee ‘ glide ay ve —™ - r — . * © ‘ | ¥ ee 3 Crane fly wings hhip ids aime td lata Ose es Geranomyia canadensis O: S. Dicranomyia immodesta-Ous. Dicranomyia cinerea Doane, after Sprains ? Dicranomyia whartoni Ndm. Dicranoptycha germana O. S. 476 eae Kec} ao ca is] ' 7 — om [a0] | ae 3 BU s alte Pes coke Weuaesend gfe n+» - ; cbiseee w ates yf © : é | oP oS | 355 = ; joa ae N _ Plate 32 Ry Trae im DS 2 IMA VANE psa = Larva and pupa of crane fy (Epiphragma fascipennis) PLATE 33 487 N DAuw BW ND Wing of Catocha slossonae, mn: sp. © ost, Xiao Wing of Lestremia sylvestris Felt, a1642, X 20 Wing of Microcerata perplexa, n.sp., X 20 Wing of Campylomyza carpini Felt, Co 107, xeee Wing of Campylomyza bryanti1,. n.csp.. © 7eosecuee Wing of Brachyneura americana Felt; © 734 068 Wing of Joanissia photopbila Pelt, C. 748 ae 488 a a ak ee PLATE 34 489 > 0 eee a res Se be a rae a pa Fess A i Z Z - ee ee Ac oe! ‘abe re pa * ~ Lav at Po reyes Wing of Dasyneura Fiat s eee Felt, Wing of ‘Dasyneura trite brs peel Oy CumBRW DN ok, eer Soe eT De tee * bn s " Dasyneura and Rhabdophaga co () x : a Wing Wing Wing Wing Wing Wing Wing of SoHE ey th viburni n. oe a4 ae SO ON DU & WN 4 Wing of Asphondylia monacha, female OS a Wing of Asphondylia monacha, male, Cy as : 494 . : - Plate 36 - or) aa Ce i pu An Pw WH < oer ay S ee. - z a 3 - rusts , i j * mn " t- fore: ne ee * a? ~ ae, y Neg ee ras Ras ie ae . ff ie ; e Fes £9 Mt Se £2 Cg miles <4 i in - 5 fe 2 s " ry . ae a , . > r ' ~ 2 “7% § r é foM, 7 pd . Ss » se aa . . Wing of Hormomyia selene ee Nn. Sp., G 815, x Wing of Bremia filicis Felt, € 307, X.20 259 me Wing of Aphidoletes hamamelidis Felt, C. 40 Wing. of Contarinia pyrivora Riley, C. 790, X 20 496 Bes Oe vents, «a. ieaing Cue veal ANA EN eg eee PLATE 38 497 eet eee a en Ons Aw BW ND ay «a = Mas ri fe > i 4 ‘ ae. a Peon ees ie eX. ¥ _ . Tn Ee ee OT “5 les ‘ ; +4 ‘ —* ~ i Wing of Dentifibula caryae Felt, C. 332b, X 20 Wing of Giardomyia photophila Felt, C. 323, X z Wing of Clinodiplosis coryli Felt, Co 2m, X 2a, Wing of Karshomyia viburni Felt, C. 219,X 200 © Wing of Lobodiplosis acerina Felt, C. 260, X 20 498 Wing of Mycodiplosis alternata Felt, C. 209, X Poke. 4 Sag ees - $0 “i « Diet: LJ oe y ke > e Vo ror) Se) be iS ©, ONO 1 OO Woe: Wing of Colpodia tr1bholiierelt,G, 455, 5 208 Wing Wing Wing Wing Wing Wing Wing Wing ‘gas wa < % *, rs oh “ » io a - a ~ > - 4 x . = a ~ ri « Pet + r 3 Wey ah se os ee 5 2 ee ad r + ~ ee ve - Ms re aon ° 4 Sx r - of Porricondyla hamata Felt, ar626, ae : of Holoneurus alti fr as Bele. © eo5 20 of Johnsonomyia rubra n. sp. C. 826, X 15 of Porricondyla carolina Felt, a1625, X 20 of Asynapta cerasi Felt, C. 236, X 20 of Dirhiza canadensis n. sp., C. 952, X 15 of Porricondyla flava Felt, C15i, X 20.0 of Winnertzia ampelophila Felt, C. 450, X 500 ~S . © | M, Ye , ‘ ry! eS Ba bast e = ea + : A ' ; - ‘ ’ ‘ I Genitalia of Lobodiplosis qecune Felt, CG: 271, ¥ 2 Genitalia of Lobodiplosis acerina Felt, C. 243, X P 3 502 yy 'e * - ‘ a { * ‘i . . -_ “f - . Plate 40 |=? os =e ee _ ee eT ee ee ee ee ee a ee let ep 504 —~< oe, we a < * 1 Genitalia of Clinodiplosis caryae Felt, C. 331, X 2 Genitalia of Obolodiplosis orbiculata Felt, C1 506 - SS Plate 42 a ee b ‘Vy i, J A el See * My * A ial itl fi S ' ” : p ‘ é Ss i - i “i . . ; ~ . La] > i " ae = Nef _ ve reg owt Meee a “tne . > 5 > >" >, Rete a \ : b 4 . rat Oa. ees om % a ae Mee Ri < : ; pt see p, S s ~ * « ' ‘ ‘ . > . é c= ’ . * iy > = mi . Genitalia of Colpodia carolinzae. Felf.C, at624, X : Genitalia of Colpodia longimana n. sp, C. 830, X 2 508 . Nad 9 a = ¥ we ie be) te Note _ PN nee = P a ‘ Jee fs ht ee, Oe r # ie ia - 2 <¥ 7 ae: ’ Y © * - ‘ A « * “ * . : - ~ ” Ri i tA i . Wy . ts * ‘ 1 Genitalia of Porricondyla pini Felt, 5 Osea x 2 Genitalia of Porricondyla hamata Felt, C. ar _ 810 . . . ‘ 4 - > L* . , - = Antochini, 243, 247. Aphidoletes, 306, 385, 304, 396; key to species, 390. basalis, 384, 397. borealis, 397. cucumeris, 383, 397. flavida, 397. fulva, 397. hamamelidis, 397. Marginata, 397. marina, 397. meridionalis, 384, 397. recurvata, 397. Aphids, 35. Aphis, rosy, 53. Aphis pomi, 53. Apis, 381. Apocynum, Cecidomyia apocyni on, 382, 414. Lestodiplosis apocyniflorae on, 382. Apple aphids, 51. Apple bark louse, 51, 53. Apple leaf folder, 28-31. Apple maggot, 33-34, 53. Apple plant lice, 53. Apple worm, lesser, 32-33. Apple, gall on, 141. Apple tree, injurious insects: June beetle, green, 43. linden moth, snow-white, 25, 27. Apple tree caterpillar, red-humped, gi—32.. 152. yellow-necked, 52. Apricot trees, June beetle, injur- ing, 43. . Aquatic insects, 8. Arbor-vitae, gall on, 148. Archips argyrospila, 46. sorbiana, 45. Argia, 250. violacea, 108. Arilus cristatus, 53. Aristolochia macrophylla (sipho), gall on, 127. Arnoldia, 336, 339; key to species, 340. absobrina, 289, 337, 340. cerasi, 340. Arnoldia (continued) fraxinifolia, 289, 337, 340. hispida, 290, 340. minor, 290, 340. ungulata, 290, 340. Vitis,. 200-01, --330;- S45 Aronia nigra, gall on, 127. Arrowwood, galls on, I50. Arsenate of lead, 16. Arsenical poisons, 30, 40. Artemisia sp., gall on, 127. Asphondylia artemisiae on, 372, 377: Rhopalomyia alticola on, 356, 367. tridentata, Diarthronomyia arte- Misiae on, 336, 340. Arthrocnodax, 386, 403-4; key to species, 403-4. acerina, 404. apiphila, 301, 381, 404. fenestra, 404. filicis, 404. fraxini, 404. incisa, 403. macrofila, 404. obscura, 404. rhoina, 384, 404. rufa, 403. sambucifolia, 384, 404. sylvestris, 403. Asclepias, Lestodiplosis on, 382, 409. Neolasioptera asclepiae on, 318, 332. asclepiae Ash, Arnoldia fraxinifolia on, 289, 337. Dasyneura apicatus on, 337, 345. fraxinifolia on, 293, 337, 34. tumidosae on, 337, 346. galls on, 134, 147, 153. Lasioptera fraxinifolia on, 3109, 327. Lestodiplosis 383. Aspen, galls on, 136, 137-38. Asphondylia, 305, 307, 375, 378, 380; key to species, 376. altifila, see Schizomyia. fraxinifolia on, : ‘a i> Gt ig bee Wl NP a ae oD Mie! weg) ”* om ae A ar ee et Ne | tea INDEX TO REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 Asphondylia (continued) antennariae, 372, 377. arizonensis, 204, 373, 378. artemisiae, 372, 377. atriplicis, 373, 377. auripila, 294-95, 373, 376. autumnalis, 373, 377. azaleae, 295, 373, 376. baroni, 377. betheli, 373, 376. brevicauda, 295, 376. bumeliae, 296, 373, 3706. carpini, see Dasyneura. ceanothi, 377. conspicua, 373, 377. diervillae, 373, 377. florida, 374, 376. fulvopedalis, 376. globosus, 373, 377. gutierreziae, see Rhopalomyia. helianthiflorae, 373, 376. hydrangeae, 296, 373, 377. ilicoides, 296-97, 373, 377. integrifoliae, 374, 376. johnsoni, 374, 377. macrotila, 297. See also Schizomyia. monacha, 291, 317, 321, 334, 373, 374, 376. multifila, see Cincticornia. opuntiae, 373, 377. rubi, see Schizomyia. salictaria, 297-08, 374, 377. sambuci, 374, 377. Siecac 474-9376." smilacinae, 298, 374, 376. sobrina, see Cincticornia. transversa, 380. See also Cincticornia. vernoniae, 374, 377. Asphondyliariae, 305, 308, 372. Asphondylid galls, 372. Aspidiotus perniciosus, 34-36, 50, 52. uvae, Dentifibula cocci on, 382, 380. Aster, Asphondylia monacha on, 373. Baldratia, asterifoliae on, 318. divaricata ort, 330. - 913 Aster (continued) flavomaculata on, 318, 329. fuscoanulata on, 318, 329. laeviana on, 318, 330. paniculata on, 318, 328, 320. pustulata on, 318, 328. Squarrosae on, 320. Choristoneura helena on, 288. Lasioptera dorsimaculata on, 325. Neolasioptera albitarsis on, 318. ramuscula on, 318, 333. Rhopalomyia astericaulis on, 357, 365. asteriflorae on, 298, 357, 3066. lateriflori on, 357, 364, 365. Asynapta, 415, 420; key to species, 420. antennaria, see Asphondylia. canadensis, 421. caudata, 421. cefasi, 421. flavida, 421. furcata, 420. photophila, 42t. saliciperda, 421. Atarba, 247. picticornis, 205. Atrichopogon, 265. Atriplex, Asphondylia On, 373, 377. canescens, Lasioptera willistoni on; 318. Audibertia, Rhopalomyia audiber- tiae on, 290, 357, 368. Avena, Coquillettomyia texana on, 382. Azalea, Asphondylia -205, 373, 376. Hormomyia consobrina on, 2990. atriplicis azaleae_ on, Baccharis, Rhopalomyia baccharis on, 357, 364, 365. californica on, 357, 364, 366. Baetinae, 174. Baetis, 169, 170, 188. posticatus, 189-90. Bag worm, 54, 55. S14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Baldratia, 317, 322,. 328; key to species, 328. abnormis, 321, 329. albomaculata, 321, 328. asterifoliae, 318, 321. canadensis, 322, 329. carbonifera, 321, 328. conyoluta, 321, 329. divaricata, 330. flavoanulata, 321, 320. flavolunata, 321, 330. flavomaculata, 318, 329. flavoscuta, 328. fuscoanulata, 318, 329. laeviana, 318, 330. modesta, 319, 328, 329. muhlenbergiae, 319, 329. paniculata, 318, 328, 320. ‘petiolicola, 322, 328. pustulata, 318, 328. rosea, 321, 328. rubra, 321, 329. socialis, 321, 328. Ssquamosa, 3109. _ squarrosae, 329. tuberculata, 329. Bark louse, scurfy, 53. Barley, Mayetiola destructor on, 357: Basswood, on, 304. gall on, 148. Lasioptera palustris on, 322. spinulae on, 322. Lobopteromyia apicalis on, 390. tiliae on, 390. Neolasioptera hamata on, 322. tiliaginea on, 322, 332. Batoneus populi, 138. Bedstraw, Dasyneura galii on, 337, 348. Bee, Arthrocnodax appiphila with, 381. Beech, linden moth injuring, 8, 23, 27. Miastor americana on, 286, 316. American, gall on, 132, 152. European, gall on, 133. Beet leaf miner, 53. Bryocrypta pectinata Belvosia bifasciata, 16. Berry worm, 38. Betula, galls on, 128-29. Oligotrophus betulae on, 357, 368. Agee Bezzia, 264, 267-68. Bigelovia, Rhopalomyia bige- loviae on, 357, 368. bigelovioides on, 357, 366, 3067. Birch, galls on, 128-29. Oligotrophus betulae on, 357. injurious insects: Archips sorbiana, 46. linden moth, snow-white, 27. Birch leaf Bucculatrix, ago Birds, protection and encourage- ment? Of, 17>10. Bittacomorpha, 225, 244. clavipes, 210. Bittacus, 220. : ala Bittersweet, Neolasioptera celastri on, 318. Black fies: 171. Blackberry, Camptoneuromyia rubifolia on, 334. / Dasyneura rubiflorae on, 338, 343. Lasioptera farinosa on, 321, 323, 325. nodulosa on, 321, 325. Schizomyia rubi on, 379. Blasturus cupidus, 180. Blueberry, Baldratia canadensis on, 322. Dasyneura cyanococci on, 293, 344. gall on, I50. Schizomyia altifila on, 379. Boneset, Brachyneura eupatorii on, S07 Clinorhyncha eupatoriflorae on, 319. Contarinia perfoliata on, 383. Neolasioptera perfoliata on, 319. Bordeaux mixture, 38. Bosmina, 1709. Bouncing bet, nalis on, 321. Lasioptera juve- — ’ f ia, - * Boyeria irene, 258. -vinosa, 1906. Box elder, Contarinia negundifolia on, 383. metcnyncita,. 316; 317;. key. to species, 317.. americana, 286, 317. eupatorii, 317. vitis, 317. Brachypogon, 264. Bremia, 306, 385, 394, 396; key to species, 395. Caricis, 395. -cucuimeris, see Aphidoletes. ; filicis, 395. . «og hamamelidis, see Aphidoletes. podophyllae, 395. Brephos infans, 48. Brown tail moth, 7, 50, 52, 53. - Bryocrypta, 417. pectinata, 304. See also Colpodia. Bucculatrix canadensisella, 47. Bugleweed, Lasioptera lycopi on, 320. : ot mitchellae on, 320. Bullhead, food, 172-74. _ Bumelia, Asphondylia Be on, 296, 373, 376. =. Bunchbetry, gall on, 131. Butternut, gall on, 135. Buttonbush, galls on, 130. Rhabdophaga cephalanthi on, 336. bumeliae Cactus, Asphondylia arizonensis on, 204, 373. betheli on, 373. opuntiae on, 373. Caddis flies, 8, 163, 170, 176-77, 178. Caenis, 161, 178, 188. me aliecta, 192. 4 _ diminuta, 178, 192. Callibaetis hageni, 189. - Calopteryx, 258. . _ aequabilis, 197. _ maculata, 197. ~ Calosoma calidum, 22. _ Calycophthora populi, 138. - INDEX TO REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I9Q07 515 Camptocladius, 282. aterimus, 282, fumosus, 284. Camptoneuromyia, 317, 321, 334; key to species, 334. adhesa,. 317, - 334: fulva, 334. hamamelidis, 334. rubifolia, 334. virginica, 334. Campylomyza, 311, 312, 313; key Low Species, 315 acerifolia, see Lestremia. articulosa, 315. balsamicola, 315. barlowi, 316. boulderi, 314. brevicornis, 314. bryaiitic 313: carolinae, see Joanissia. Carpini, 314; cerasi, 3106. currel, 315. defectiva, 314. dilatata, 3106. flavoscuta, 313. gibbosa, 316. gilletti, 314. graminea, 315. hesSperia; (305: higsttas? 975; karnerensis, 315. kasloensis, 314. « latipennis, 314, 315. leguminicola, 315. lignivora, 314, 315. longipennis, 314. lena; - 303: modesta, 316. photophila, see Joanissia. pinicorticis, 315. pomiflorae, 315. pomifolia, 315. populi, 315. producta,. 315. « silvana, 314. simulator, 314. sylvestris, 313. texana, 316. toxicodendri, 314. 322, 516 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Campylomyza (continued) Cecidomyia (continued) tsugae, 314. apocyni, 382, 414. tuckeri, 316. asteris, see Lestodiplosis. versicolor, 314. eave 304. vitinea, 314. carolinae, see ‘Lcstodipene Campylomyzariae, 306, 307, 311. carpini, see Clinodiplosis. Canker worms, 50. caryae, see Clinodiplosis; Hor- Carya, Cincticornia caryae on, 373. momyia. Clinodiplosis caryae on, 382. catalpae, 3ac ’ 4 5 i “, i i = Y - Appendix 3 Botany Museum bulletin 122 i22 Report of. the State Botanist 1907 Education Department Bulletin Published fortnightly by the University of the State of New York Entered as second-class matter March 3, 1908, at the Post Office at Albany, N. Y., under the act of Congress of July 16, 1894 NO. 429 ALBANY, N. Y. AUGUST 15, 1908 — New York State Museum Joun M. CrarkeE, Director CHARLES H. Peck, State Botanist Museum bulletin 122 REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 PAGE 3 PAGE Introduction..... Secu gk Neto a ae 5 Plains, Steuben County, New Species added to the herbarium.. 7 Morks Grae SARGENT... oo. 84 Contributors and their contribu- New York Species of Crataegus ECOES PS deat Pty ct Reuse eo ae Wet Q-| > trent. Vartons: Localities... -C..S: Species not before reported...... 17 SA RGR N ee iat eaeek aes paises cee 115 Some Additions to the Crataegus Remarks and observations...... 131 Flora of Western New York. New York species of Pholiota... 141 CS SARGENT Ache kc. 26 | Latin descriptions of new species Notes ona Collection of Crataegus Ot spl aTaE Se aps cto rates those mats ee 158 ‘Made by Mr G. D. Cornell in Explanation: obipiates: . ch. a5. a; 161 the Neighborhood of Cooper BiG Ree ee ar» hea Is 171 New York State Education Department Science Division, February 3, 1908 Hon. Andrew S. Draper LL.D. Commissioner of Education My DEAR sir: I communicate herewith, for publication as a bulletin of the State Museum, the annual report of the State Botanist for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1907. Very respectfully Joun M. CLARKE Director State of New York Education Department COMMISSIONER’S ROOM . Approved for publication this 3d day of February 1908 Commissioner of Education Education Department Bulletin Published fortnightly by the University of the State of New York Entered March 3, 1908, at the Post Office at Albany, N. Y:, under the act of Congress of July 16, 1894, as second-class matter \ NO. 429 ALBANY, N. Y. AUGUST 15, 1908 New York State Museum Joun M. CrarxeE, Director Museum bulletin 122 REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 Dr John M. Clarke, Director of the State Museum: I have the honor of submitting to you my report of work done in the botanical department of the State Museum during the year 1907. : Specimens of plants have been collected in the counties of Albany, Greene, Herkimer, Jefferson, Oneida, Onondaga, Putnam, Rensse laer, Saratoga and Steuben. Specimens of plants have been contributed by correspondents and others which were collected in the counties of Albany, Essex, Franklin, Herkimer, Monroe, New York, Onondaga, Ontario, Orleans, Richmond, Seneca, Steuben, Tompkins, Ulster, Warren and Washington. The number of species of which specimens have been added to the herbarium is 203. Of these, 82 are new to the herbarium, 121 are not. Of those new to the herbarium, 45 are new species, 38 being species of Crataegus, 7 of fungi. A list of the names of the added species is given under the caption, “ Species added to the herbarium.” The number of those who have contributed specimens is 72. This includes those who have contributed specimens of extralimital species and also those who have sent specimens: for identification merely, if the specimens were rare or if for any other reason they were considered desirable or worthy of preservation. A list of the names of contributors and of their respective contributions is given under the heading “ Contributors and their contributions.” Under the heading, “Species not before reported” may be found the 6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM names of species added to our flora, with localities, remarks and de- scriptions of new species, except in species of the genus Crataegus. | Localities and descriptions of new species of these are given in the three papers on this subject in another part of the report. These papers have been prepared and kindly contributed by the eminent and expert dendrologist, Prof. C. S. Sargent. Unfortunately many © of these species are not represented in our collection by specimens and can not yet be counted as additions to the herbarium. The whole number of species of this genus added to our flora is 88, making the number of New York species of this genus now known 185. But specimens of nearly all the new species credited to Coopers Plains and vicinity have been collected by the writer, and with the specimens contributed by Mr G. D. Cornell, these species are with one or two exceptions all now represented in the herbarium. The past season, in its relation to the mushroom crop has been very similar to that of 1906. Early in the season there were suffi- cient rains but cool weather. These conditions were followed by a long period of dry weather unfavorable to the mushroom growth, and crowding it into a short period late in the season. The number of species whose edible qualities have been tried and approved is 8. These have been illustrated on five plates and. described as in the plan followed in the preceding report. The whole number of New York edible species now illustrated is 191. The number of plates iilustrating them and the poisonous and unwholesome species is 114. A revision has been made of the New York species of the some- what difficult genus Pholiota. The number of species now recog- ~ nized as beloriging to it is 32. Revised descriptions of these have. been written and a key prepared to facilitate the tracing of the species to their respective descriptions. The number of those seeking information from the botanical department concerning the identity of plants or their character is 117. The number of identifications made is 8q1. . My assistant, Mr Stewart H. Burnham, has disinfected the col- lections of 1906 which needed such treatment, labeled and arranged them in their proper places, assisted in conducting the correspond- ence of the office, in the identification of specimens of inquirers and in giving them the desired information. He has prepared a typewritten catalogue of the species of fungi described by the State Botanist, and made a typewritten copy of the present, report. Respectfully submitted | CuHarLes H. PEcK Albany, December 31, 1907 State Botanist —e REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 SPECIES ADDED TO THE HERBARIUM \ Ajuga reptans L. Biatora prasina Fr. Biatorella simplex (Dav.) B. & R. Boletus niveus Fr. Centaurea solstitialis L. Cetraria glauca (L.) Ach. Chaetomium sphaerospermum C. & E Cladonia bacillaris (Del.) Nyl. Clitocybe subcyathiformis PR. Clitopilus subplanus Pk. Crataegus acerba S. onc I Rol euoleheno @helencnghe lol oUusel@lonele kos denoucae affinis S. amoena S. anomala S. barryana S. bella S. claytoniana S. comans S. cornellii S. desueta S. dewingii S. dissociabilis S. diversa S. floridula S. frutescens 5S. fucata S, gracilis S. ignea S. inopinata S. insignata S. inusitula S. limosa -.S. macrocalyx S. nescia S. numerosa S. ovatifolia S. pellecta 5S. plana’ S. ramosa 5S. recta JS: repulsans S. GOGre Ga. eo Ore New to the herbarium Crataegus rubrolutea S. singularis S. spatifolia S. spinifera S. spissa S. steubenensis S. structilis Ashe suavis S. suborbiculata S. uncta S. verrucalis Pk. Cronartium ribicola Dietr. Diaporthe parasitica Murr. Flammula pulchrifolia Pk. Galium erectum Huds. Hygrophorus coloratus Pk. ET: lacmus Fr. Hypocrea polyporoidea B. & C. Lactarius minusculus Burl. Leaia piperata Banker Lecidea platycarpa Ach. Lophiotrema semiliberum (Desm.) Lotus corniculatus L. Metzgeria conjuncta Lindb. Monilia crataegi Diedicke Myxosporium necans PBR. Nolanea suaveolens PBR. Parmelia cetrata Ach. ipa perforata (Jacg.) Ach. Pholiota duroides PR. Physcia hypoleuca (Muhl.) Tuck. Polyporus spraguei B. & C. Polystictus montagnei Fr. Rinodina oreina (Ach.) Mass. Russula aeruginea Fr. Sphaeropsis lyndonvillae Sacc. S: persicae EF. & B. Stereocaulon coralloides Fr. Stropharia bilamellata Pk. Trentepohlia umbrina (Kiitz.) Born. Tubercularia davisiana Sacc. & Trav. Viola vagula Greene 8 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Not new to the herbarium Aecidium clematidis DC. Deconica bullacea Bull. ~ Ae. grossulariae Dryopteris goldieana (Hook.) Gray (Gmel.) Schum. | Eleocharis ovata (Roth) R.-& S. Agaricus arvensis Schaef. Erysimum cheiranthoides L. Alsine longifolia (Muhl.) Britton Erysiphe polygoni DC. - Amanita caesarea Scop. Euphorbia polygonifolia L. A. formosa G. & R. : Flammula lubrica Fr. A. phalloides Fr. Fraxinus lanceolata Borck. A. rubescens Fr. - F. pennsylvanica Marsh. Amanitopsis farinosa (Schw.) Fuligo ovata (Schaeff.) Macb. A vaginata (Bull.) Roze | Fusisporium destruens Pk. Aronia nigra (Willd.) Britton Galium mollugo L. Aster divaricatus L. Habenaria blephariglottis (Wélld.) A. panic. bellidiflorus (Wailld.) ee ciliaris (L.) R. Br. Blitum capitatum L. Helotium citrinum (Hedw.) Fr. Boletus albocarneus Pk. Helvella infula Schaef. H. marginatus PR. subaureus PR. ah ea subtomentosus L. Calvatia elata (Mass.) Morg. B. castaneus Bull. Hydnum fennicum Karst. Be chromapes Frost iene septentrionale Fr. B. clintonianus Pk. Hygrophorus borealis PR. B. elbensis PR. H. ceraceus Fr, - B. nebulosus PR. Ee coccineus (Schaeff.) B: ravenelii B. & C. B. B. pratensis (Pers.) Fr. Hypholoma candolleanum Fr. Be capnoides Fr. Cantharellus cibarius Fr. H. eae c= cS cinnabarinus Schw. u bach ne € floccosus Schw : SS cae C. : Ph . isk sublateritium (Schaeff.) on eee send Lactarius camphoratus Fr. C : ae See ta Sar. L. insulsus Fr. eis ape cg: i oculatus (Pk.). Burl. Castanea dentata Borkh. 5 qT. subdulcis Fr. Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. L er Clitocybe amethystina (Bolt.) ae Nee ae es Pn PEA Gg! 2%) Lentinus spretus Pk. ‘es laccata (Scop.) Fr. Lenzites sepiaria Fr. Clitopilus caespitosus Pk. Lepiota acerina PR. Collybia acervata Fr. Lycoperdon gemmatum Batsch C: dryophila (Bull.) Fr. L. _gilabellum Pk. G. lacunosa Pk. ae subincarnatum PR. c. platyphylla Fr. Marasmius glabellus Pk. Conringia orientalis (L.) Dum. M. minutus Pk. Cortinarius torvus Fr. M. subnudus (Ellis) Pk. Crataegus bissellii S. Mycena rosella Fr. e uniflora Muench. Panus torulosus Fr. Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. Paxillus involutus Batsch Cystopus amaranthi Berk. Phlebia radiata Fr. Dasystoma virginica (L.) Britton Pholiota aggericola Pk. ~” REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 9 ~ Pholiota caperata Fr. Russula decolorans Fr. Pp. discolor Pk. R. emetica Fr. -P. praecox Pers. | id fallax Fr. Polyporus adustus Willd. ie obscura Rom. P- betulinus Fr. R. ochrophylla Pr. FP. caesius Fr. R. pectinatoides Pk. PF cuticularis (Bull.) Fr. R. squalida PR. Polystictus biformis Klotz. R. uncialis Pk. BS pergamenus Fr. R. variata Banning Psilocybe conissans Pk. R. virescens Schaef. Puccinia andropogonis Schw. Salix serissima (Bail.) Fern. P: coronata Cd. Thelephora palmata (Scop.) Fr. Russula crustosa Pk. — Tricholoma personatum Fr. Ai vaccinum Pers. CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS Miss H. C. Anderson, Lambertville, N. J. Russula vesca Fr. | Sclerotinia tuberosa (Hedw.) Fckl. Miss G. S. Burlingham, Mexico Lactarius aspideoides Burl, Lactarius circellatus (Batt.) Fr. L; bensleyae Burl. Peckiella hymenioides Pk. Mrs E. B. Blackford, Boston, Mass. Boletus gracilis laevipes Pk. Omphalia serotina Pk. Miss M. C. Burns, Middleville Cantharellus floccosus Schw. Mrs G. M. Dallas, Philadelphia, Pa. ’ Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC. Mrs H. C. Davis, Falmouth, Me. Helvella infula Schaef. ¥ Mrs L. L. Goodrich, Syracuse Chrysanthemum leucantheum tubuliforme (Tenney) Mrs C. W. Harris, Brooklyn Biatora chlorantha Tuck. Cladonia bacillaris (Del.) Nyl. B. —jaureri (Hepp.) Tuck. G caespiticia (Pers.) FIk. _ Cetraria ciliaris (Ach.) Tuck. G; cristatella Tuck. oe etaucac(h.) Ach: C: delicata (Ehrh.) Fr. C lacunosa Ach. G. fimb. coniocraea (FIR.) C.. ___ oakesiana Tuck. e fimb. tubaeformis Fr, 10 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Schrad. furc. paradoxa Wainio. grac. dilatata (Hoffm.) pyx. chlorophaea (Spreng.) pyx. neglecta (FIR.) rangiferina (L.) Hoffm. turgida (Ehrh.) Hoffm. verticillata Hoffm. Evernia furfuracea (L.) Mann. BE, prunastri (L.) Ach. Graphis scripta Ach. AAAANAO Lecanora pallida (Schreb.) Schaer. Lvs subfusca (L.) Ach. Parmelia borreri rudecta Tuck. ie olivacea (L.) Ach. i. oliv. panniformis N yl. IPA perforata (Jacq.) Ach. - Parmelia perlata (L.) Ach. P: physodes (L.) Ach. P, saxatilis: CL.) FF iP: _ saxatilis sulcata Nyl. Peltigera horizontalis (L.) Hoffm. Pertusaria communis DC. Pink velata (Turn.) Nyl. Physcia aquila detonsa Tuck. Pyrenula nitida Ach. Pyxine sorediata Ach. Ramalina calic. fastigiata Fr. Stereocaulon coralloides Fr. Sticta amplissima (Scop.) Mass. S: pulmonaria (L.) Ach. Umbilicaria pust. papulosa Tuck. Usnea barbata ceratina Schaer. WE barbata florida Fr. Miss A. Hibbard, West Roxbury, Mass. Lactarius hibbardae Pk. Miss M. F. Miller, Washington, D. C. Metzgeria conjugata Lindl. Miss A. M. Patterson, Stanford University, Cal. Agaricus pattersonae Pk. Amanitopsis velosa PR. Hypholoma appendiculatum (Bull.) Ete longipes PR. Lactarius rufulus Pk. Lactarius xanthogalactus Pk. Pleurotus olearius DC. Pluteolus luteus Pk. Psathyrella caespitosa Pk. Tricholoma personatum Fr. Volvaria speciosa Fr.— Mrs A. M. Smith, Brooklyn Alsia abietina Swll. Antitrichia californica Sull. Aulacomnium androgynum Schwaegr. Claopodium crispifolium (Hook.) Dicranoweisia cirrhata Lindl. Dicranum bonjeani DeNot. 1B} fuscescens Turn. D;: scoparium Hedw. Eurhynchium oreganum (Sull.) re stokesii B. & S, E: stoloniferum (Hook.) Fontinalis antipyretica L. S colpophyllum Fontinalis kindbegii R. & C. Hylocomium loreum (L.) Schimp. oe proliferum (L.) Lindb. HH. triquetrum (L.) B. & S. Isothecium brewerianum L. & J. Neckera douglasii Hook. N. menziesii Drumm. Philonotis fontana Brid. Plagiothecium undulatum B. & S. Polytrichum juniperinum Willd. Racomitrium canescens Brid. Scleropodium caespitosum B. & S. (Sull.) Grout. Miss T. L. Smith, Worcester, Mass. Coprinus jonesii Pk. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 II Miss J. B. Spruance, Katahdin Iron Works, Me. Gomphidius flavipes Pk. Miss M. L. Sutliff, Sacramento, Cal. Omphalia pyxidata (Bull.) Fr. | Polyporus volvatus Pk. Mrs E. Watrous, Hague Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. | Helvella gracilis Pk. Dryopteris goldieana (Hook.) Gray | Phegopteris polypodioides Fee Polystichum braunii (Spenner) Fee Miss M. T. Wheeler, Keene Valley Bhitum capitatum L. J. C. Arthur, Lafayette, Ind. Puccinia agropyri E. & E. Puccinia crandallii P. & H. E. Bartholomew, Stockton, Kan. Calvatia rubroflava (Crag.) Morg. Lactarius vellereus Fr. Collybia subsulphurea Pk. Lycoperdon pulcherrimum B. & C. Tylostoma mammosum Fr. M. S. Baxter & V. Dewing, Rochester Carex tribuloides reducta Bailey _ Meibomia paniculata (L.) Kuntze Cyperus filic. macilentus Fernald | Polygonum lapathifolium L. Eleocharis ovata (Roth.) R. & S. . Senecio obovatus Muhl. Euphorbia polygonifolia L. _ Sisymbrium altissimum L. H. C. Beardslee, Ashville, N. C. Amanita russuloides PR. H. Blauvelt, Coeymans Fusicladium pirinum (Lib.) Fckl. F. S: Boughton, Pittsford Lentinus lepideus Fr. C. W. Boyd, Tupper Lake Clavaria fistulosa Fr. F. J. Braendle, Washington, D. C. Amanita coccola Scop. Pholiota confragosa Fr. Amanitopsis volvata (Pk.) Sace. Pleurotus lignatilis Fr. Armillaria mucida (Schrad.) Pers. P ostreatus (Jacqg.) Fr. Polyporus brumalis (Pers.) Fr. 12 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM S. H. Burnham, Sandy Hill Hates simplex (Dav.) B. & R. Clitocybe laccata Scop. Clitopilus caespitosus PR. Cortinarius croceus Fr. Crepidotus croceitinctus Pk. Geoglossum nigritum (Fr.) Che. Hygrophorus lacmus Fr. Lecidea platycarpa Ach. Polyporus admirabilis Pk. Ee hispidus (Bull.) Fr. Rinodina oreina (Ach.) Mass. Salix candida Fluegge Viola vagula Greene G. H. Chadwick, Albany Calyptospora goeppertiana Kuhn | Geaster hygrometricus Pers. Morchella esculenta (Pers.) Fr. T. T. Clohessy, Utica Russula aeruginea Fr. G. D. Cornell, Coopers Plains Bratae ees acerba 5S. amoena S. dissociabilis S. diversa S. frutescens S. fieata a5 gracilis S. inopinata S. G6 IE Oe Soule welene Crataegus numerosa S$. ~ pellecta S. plana S. ramosa S. repulsans S. rubrolutea S. suavis S. o uncta S. j. J. Davis, Racine, Wis. Aecidium laricis Kleb. | Phytopthora thalictri Wils. & Dav. S. Davis, Boston, Mass. Clavaria amethystinoides Pk. c ornatipes PR. Cortinarius nigrellus Pk. Deconica bryophila Pk. Kccilia cinericola Pk. E. subacus PR. Entoloma deminutivum PR. re, murinum Pk. Flammula betulina Pk. Galera hypnorum (Batsch) Fr. Helvella macropus brevis Pk. Hygrophorus peckii Atk. Hypholoma candolleanum Fr. Inocybe agglutinata Pk. I, decipiens Bres. Inocybe fuscodisca (Pk.) Mass. i hirtellum Bres. ie infelix Pk. iL praetervisa Quel. 'G proximella Karst. re rimosa (Bull.) Fr. Leotia punctipes Pk. ~ Naucoria sororia Pk. Omphalia gerardiana Pk. Panaeolus papilionaceus Fr. Pholiota marginella Pk. Psathyrella betulina Pk. -Russula pusilla Pk. Tricholoma personatum Fr. © Tubaria furfuracea Pers. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 13 W. T. Davis, New Brighton Crataegus uniflora Muench. J. Dearness, London, Ont. Didymosphaeria thalictri E. & D. Puccinia caricis-asteris Arth. Pucciniastrum potentillae Kom. Dermatea crataegicola Durand Diaporthe microstroma E. & E. D. ulmicola E. & E. F. Dobbin, Shushan Physcia hypoleuca (Muhl.) Tuck. Rinodina constans (Nyl.) Tuck. Trentepohlia umbrina (Kitz.) Born. Biatora prasina Fr. Cladonia digit. ceruchoides Wain. Parmelia cetrata Ach. E. J. Durand, Ithaca Microglossum viride (Pers.) Boud. | Sclerotinia fructigena (Pers.) S. C. Edwards, New Brighton- Armillaria mellea Vahl Fomes annosus Fy. Lenzites sepiaria Fr. C. E. Fairman, Lyndonville Eutypella angulosa (Nke.) Sacc. Ophiochaete herpotricha (Fr.) Sacc. Lophiotrema semiliberum (Desm:) Sphaeropsis lyndonvillae Sacc. Sphaeropsis persicae E. & B. G. B. Fessenden, Boston, Mass. Clitocybe subnigricans Pk. O. E. Fischer, Detroit, Mich. Clitocybe pulcherrima PR. Fistulina- pallida B. & R. Se morbifera PR. Pleurotus elongatipes PR. N. M. Glatfelter, St Louis, Mo. Boletus pachypus Fr. ‘| Boletus subglabripes Pk. Pluteus leoninus coccineus Che. F. O. Grover, Oberlin, O. Dothiorella aberrans Pk. C. Guillet, Toronto, Ont. Claudopus nidulans (Pers.) PR. Geaster limbatus Fr. Clitocybe nobilis Pk. Omphalia curvipes PR. Collybia hirticeps Pk. O. vestita Pk. Sarcoscypha coccinea (Jacg.) Fr. . I4 : NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM C. C. Hanmer, East Hartford, Conn. Leptoglossum microsporum (C. & P.) Sace. W. E. Harding, Linden Centaurea solstitialis L. G. G. Hedgcock, St Louis, Mo. Ceratostromella moniliformis Hedgcock G. T. Howell, Rockville, Ind. Daedalea confragosa (Bolt.) Pers. Lentinus microspermus Pk. Hypholoma rugocephalum Atk. ie vulpinus Fr. Lentinus cochleatus Fr. Mycena leaiana Berk. C. E. Jones, Selkirk Conringia orientalis (L.) Dum. | Lotus corniculatus L. C. H. Kauffman, Ann Arbor, Mich. Boletus atkinsoni Pk. Hydnum kauffmani PR. Collybia campanella Pk. Pleurotus porrigens Pers. Clitopilus conissans PR. Polyporus aurantiacus PR. Cortinarius rubripes PR. JE osseus Kalchb. — Entoloma peckianum Burt Polystictus velutinus Fr. Poria fuscocarnea Pers. R. H. Lane, Jolon, Cal. Mycena acicula (Schaeff.) Fr. G. G. Lansing, Romulus Laestadia bidwellii Ellis W. H. Leibelsperger, Fleetwood, Pa. Cordyceps herculea (Schw.) Sace. C. G. Lloyd, Cincinnati, O. Phycomyces nitens (4g.) Kaze. J. McPherson, Trenton, N. J. Phoenix dactylifera L. (undeveloped fruit) A. P. Morgan, Harrison, O. Marasmius siccus Schw. ; r 3 F. ° REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 15. G. E. Morris, Waltham, Mass. Amanita porphyria Fr. Hyegrophorus caprinus (Scop.) Fr. Badhamia lilacina (Fr.) Rost. Ele lacmus Fr. Balansia hypoxylon (Pk.) Atk: Leotia chlorocephala Schw. Clavaria platyclada Pk. Leptonia abnormis Pk. Clitocybe adirondackensis Pk. Marasmius siccus Schw. Cortinarius multiformis Fr. Mycena epipterygia Scop. C. rigidus (Scop.) Fr. Mi: galopoda Fr. Entoloma variabile Pk. Nolanea conica PR. Fuligo ovata (Schaeff.) Macbr. Panus strigosus B. & C. Geoglossum americanum Cke. Pholiota duroides PR. Guepinia aurea Mont. Polyporus volvatus PR. Helvella gracilis Pk. Tricholoma grammopodium (Bull.) Hygrophorus borealis Pk. Ee. Tylostoma americanum Lloyd G. E. Morris & S. Davis, Mass. Entoloma modestum PR. Mycena alcalina Fr. Naucoria tabacina bicolor PR. W. A. Murrill, New York By exchange Diaporthe parasitica Murrill J. J. Neuman, Horicon, Wis. Hydnum sulcatipes PR. Poria medulla-panis (Pers.) Fr, Irpex nodulosus Pk. Pp, obducens Pers. Myriadoporus induratus Pk. Steccherinum adustulum Banker R. §S. Phifer, Danville, Va. Lycoperdon pulcherrimum B. & C. R. R. Riddell, Albany ~ Lepiota natucinoides Pk. F. J. Seaver, New York Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link Hypomyces aurantius (Pers.) Fckl. Gloniopsis smilacis (Schum.) Hypoxylon sassafras Schw. Hypocrea gelatinosa (Tode) Fr. Nectria aureofulva C. & E. Ee patella C. & P: N. cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. Hypoderma commune (Fr.) Duby | Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) DeNot. E. B. Sterling, Trenton, N. J. Hygrophorus psittacinus (Schaeff.) Russula pusilla Pk. Lycoperdon gemmatum Batsch Tricholoma fumidellum PR. Volvaria speciosa Fr. 16 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM F. C. Stewart, Geneva | BO Cronartium ribicola Dietr. - D. R. Sumstine, Wilkinsburg, Pa. Collybia hirticeps Pk. Rhinotrichum sumstinei PR. Flammula eccentrica PR. Thelephora caryophyllea (Schaeff.) Monilia aureofulva C. & E.- | Zygodesmus pannosus B. & C. Zygodesmus rubiginosus PR. H. von Schrenk, St Louis, Mo. Lepiota xylophila PR. J. M. Van Hook, Wooster, O. Flammula betulina Pk. | Russula compacta Frost H. L. Wells, New Haven, Conn. Lepiota americana Pk. | Tricholoma alboflavidum Pk. — Tricholoma columbetta Fr. 2 F. B. Wheeler, Syracuse Cortinarius lilacinus Pk. Sporodina aspergillus (Scop.) Lactarius turpis Fr. Schroet. T. E. Wilcox, Washington, D. C. — Boletus bicolor Pk. » | Phylloporus rhodoxanthus (Schw.) iB; caespitosus Pk. Polystictus sanguineus (L.) Mey. — B. ~ chrysenteron Fr. Russula chamaeleontina Fr. . 5. retipes BoG"-C. R. crustosa Pk. B. subsanguineus Pk. R. rugulosa Pk. Hydnum fennicum Karst. _Tricholoma personatum Fr. B.C. Williams, Newark Stropharia bilamellata Pk. H. C. Wilson, Peabody, Mass. Russula pectinatoides Pk. D. B. Young, Albany Marasmius minutus PR. eee ee a a oe Se me aa nh 4d REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 17 Senin s NOT BEFORE REPORTED: Ajuga reptans L. In waste grassy places. Remsen, Oneida co. June. Introduced from Europe and sparingly naturalized. Biatora prasina Fr. Bark of sugar maple, Acer saccharum L. Shushan, Washington co. March. Frank Dobbin. Biatorella simplex (Dav.) B. & R. Rocks. Helderberg mountains. July. S.H. Burnham. This is ‘—Lecanora privigna (Ach.) Nyl. , Boletus niveus Fr. Sandy soil. Karner, Albany co. August. This has by some. been considered a white variety of Boletus scaber Fr. It appears to us to be worthy of specific distinction, for it differs from that species not only in the color of the pileus but also in its smaller tubes and in the character of the stem, which is adorned with mere scurfy or appressed squamules instead of the conspicuous dotlike fibrous scales of the stem of B. scaber. Centaurea solstitialis L. Linden, Genesee co. August. W. E. Harding. This plant was introduced from Europe into California many years ago. Whether the plant has come here from the west or is the result of a more recent introduction from Europe is uncertain. Cetraria glauca (L.) Ach. On dead hemlock, Tsuga canadensis Carr. Panther +mountain; Essex co. June. Mrs-C. W. Harris. Chaetomium sphaerospermum C. & E. Bottom of a barrel standing in a damp cellar. Menands, Albany co. September. The spores in our specimens vary from globose to broadly elliptic and from .0003-.0004 of an inch in diameter. ee ee ee oN a cts 18 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Cladonia bacillaris (Del.) Nyl. Decaying wood. Adirondacks. ~ July. Mrs C. W. Harris. Cladonia delicata (Ehrh.) FI. Decaying wood. Near Chilson lake, Essex co. August. Mrs C. W. Harris. Sand Lake, Rensselaer:co: C. H. Peck. Tiigiwas formerly reported as a variety of Cladonia squamosa, but it is now deemed worthy of specific distinction. Clavaria ornatipes n. sp. Clubs 1-2 inches tall, gregarious, sparingly branched ; stem slender hairy, fuscous or brown; the branches irregular, terete, whitish, grayish or cinereous, the tips acute or obtuse; spores broadly elliptic or subglubose, .0003-.00045 of an inch long, .c0024—.0003 broad.* In low swampy woods, usually among mosses. Sand Lake. In New York State Museum Report 24, page 82 this was referred to Clavaria -trichopus Pers. -After seeing specimensman it from other localities and finding it constantly differing from the descriptions of that species, which is called “ snowy white” and is much branched, it has seemed to us to be distinct. : . Clitocybe subcyathiformis Pk. In damp: places under shrubs. Karner. October.” “hapa description of this species'see article on “ Edible Fungi.” Clitopilus subplanus n. Sp. ® Pileus thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, slightly depressed in the center or distinctly umbilicate, glabrous, whitish or grayish white, flesh white; lamellae thin, close, adnate or slightly decurrent, dingy flesh colored; stem slender, glabrous, terete or compressed, stuffed or hollow, colored like the pileus; spores flesh colored, angu- lar, uninucleate, .0004-.0005 of an inch long, 00024—.0003 broad. Pileus 1-1.5 inches hroad; stem I-1.5 inches long, 1—2 lines thick. Among fallen leaves’ and decaying vegetable matter in woods. Sand Lake, Rensselaer co. and Gansevoort, Saratoga co. July and August. This is closely related to Clitopilus carneoalbus With. from which I have separated it because of the more umbilicate - * Latin descriptions of this and other new species may be found in the last chapter of this report. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 ATG pileus, the absence of any reddish tints in the pileus, its stuffed or hollow stem and specially of its larger spores which are longer than broad. epee ¢ Crataegus anomala Sarg. Crown Point, Essex co. and Fort Ann, Washington co. Flowers in May, fruit ripens in September. The plants now referred to this species were formerly credited to C. exclusa’ Sarg. from which they may be separated by the fruit which is distinctly nar- rowed toward the base. The species was founded on specimens collected in Canada. Crataegus suborbiculata Sarg. Letchworth park, Wyoming co. Flowers in May, fruit ripens the last week in September. This species also was founded on specimens collected in Canada. It is placed in the group Punc- tatae. The following species of Crataegus are here reported by name only as additions to our flora. The names are arranged under their respective groups. Nearly all are new species of which descrip- tions, localities and remarks are contained in the three chapters on Crataegus, immediately following the present one. CRUS-GALLI Crataegus dissociabilis S. Crataegus arduennae S. foliata Ss. he cerasina S. gracilis Ss c. geneseensis S. implicata S; cos robusta S. inusitula S. livingstoniana S. PUNCTATAE macera S. macrocalyx S. Crataegus barbara S. numerosa S. ie: G: Oe Se C. G. c (i 2 celsa S. ae oblita S. = desueta S- e ovatifolia S. OF dewingii S. C. pelicce, C notabilis S. Ges placwa S E plana S. PRUINOSAE on promissa S. Crataegus acerba. S. Cx pulehra:;S: amoena S. es radiata S. aridiula. S. C. ramosa S. barryana S. €. rubrolutea S. . bronxensis S. c. strigosa S. clintoniana S. e: tortuosa S. congestiflora S. G: uncta S. cruda §. G xanthophylla S. grelouelelore +20 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM . TEN UIFOLIAE Crataegus neobaxteri S. Crataegus bella 5. CG: puberis S. - G; boothiana S. C. spissa S. G claytoniana Se C. verrucalis Pk. ce conferta S. C. fucata S. | INTRICATAE Oy gracilipes S. . \ ie C. ignea S. Crataegus cornellii S. Co insignata S. ee ; {OF leptopoda Si; ANOMALAE = a PES Crataegus affinis S. : nescia S. . C. Ets ‘S brachyloba se G: slavini S. = oe S. cS spatifolia S. oR S Bele aS C. ieee gl © repulsans S Cc / simulans S. “OrnRE C singularis §. Crataegus radians S. TOMENTOSAE FLABELLATAE Crataegus admiranda S. _ Crataegus dayana S. C. ealvini S. C. gloriosa S. Cx comans S. CG letchworthiana S. Es efferata S. Gry limosa S. ea Ci finitima S. Cc steubenensis S. ic frutescens S. . c honeoensis S. COCCINEAE G. spinifera S. Crataegus chateaugayensis SS. G. structilis Ashe C. harryi S. Se. venustula S. Cronartium ribicola Dietr. On living leaves of black currant, Ribes nig mugmeeee Agricultural Experiment station grounds. Geneva. September 26, 1906. F.C. Stewart. This is an injurious parasitic fungus which has probably been recently introduced into this country. Its aecidial form, Peridermium strobi, occurs on the trunk and branches of white pine to which it is more injurious than the Cronartium is to currant bushes. Fortunately this form has — not yet been detected in this cate and it is possible that we may yet sbe.-irée“fronait. Diaporthe parasitica Murr. Parasitic on the branches of chestnut trees to which it is injurious and eventually destructive, Various places in the vicinity of New Oe r . REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 21 York. Our specimens are from Bronx park. There are two forms of the plant, a summer or conidial form which was collected in July, and a winter or perfect form bearing ascospores, which was col- lected in December. Received from W. A. Murrill in exchange. Specimens have also been communicated by G. G. Atwood which were collected in Westchester co. Flammula pulchrifolia n. sp. Pileus fleshy but thin, hemispheric becoming convex, slightly viscid when moist, hygrophanous, fibrillose or, in large specimens, squamu- lose in the center and fibrillose on the margin, pale pink or pallid on the margin and pink in the center, flesh white, taste bitter and un- pleasant; lamellae thin, close, adnate, sometimes slightly sinuate, whitish, soon bright tawny or Indian yellow becoming bright tawny ochraceous with age; stem equal or nearly so, stuffed or hollow, pallid, sometimes yellowish at the base, fibrillose at the top from the remains of the veil; spores bright tawny ochraceous in a thick layer, ochraceous buff in a thin one, .co0o3 of an. inch long, .0002—.00024 broad. Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 1-1.5 inches long, 1.5—2 lines thick. Decaying wood of hemlock, Tsuga canadensis Carr. Menands, Albany co. July and August. — This beautiful species is easily recognized by the pink tint of the pileus, the bitter flavor of its flesh and the peculiar bright colors of its lamellae and spores. The fibrils at the top of the stem when stained by the falling spores might be mistaken for a slight annulus. Galium erectum Huds. Abundant along a stream in an upland field 3 miles southeast of Utica. June. J. V. Haberer. The upright bedstraw is a recently introduced plant and is related to wild madder, Galium mol- lugo L. " Hygrophorus coloratus n. sp. Pileus fleshy, convex or nearly plane, often umbonate, even, very viscid or glutinous, yellowish red-orange or bright red, flesh white, yellow under the cuticle; lamellae unequal, distant, arcuate, adnate or decurrent, white, sometimes tinged with yellow, inter- Spaces venose; stem equal or tapering upward, glutinous, stuffed or hollow, white or slightly tinged with yellow, sometimes when young showing a slight floccose veil near the top; spores ,0003-. os of an inch long, .o002-,00024 broad. 22 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Pileus 1-2.5 inches broad; stem 2-3 inches long, 2-4 lines thick. Under tamarack and balsam fir trees. Fulton Chain, Herkimer ca, + October: | This is a beautiful species of Hygrophorus closely related to H. speciosus. Pk: and H.. aureus Atrh.,. Promotwegeee have separated it because of its different habitat, its frequently umbonate pileus, its white or whitish stem and its partial floccose white veil. By this last character and its persistently red or orange colored pileus. it.is separable from H. speciosus Piyane H. bresadolae Quel. It is possible that further observation may prove that all these are forms of one variable species. Hygrophorus lacmus Fr. Ground in woods of deciduous trees. Wilburs Basin, Saratoga co. November. S. H. Burnham. A single specimen. Hypocrea polyporoidea B. & C. Bark and decorticated wood of beech, Fagus americana Sweet. Adirondack mountains. Lake Pleasant, Hamilton co. and _ Star lake, St Lawrence co. August. Lactarius minusculus Burl. Among fallen leaves and mosses under white birches. Menands, Albany co. July. This species has hitherto been confused with L. subdulcis Fr. and has been separated because of its smaller size and acrid or tardily acrid taste. Leaia piperata Banker Decaying wood. East Schaghticoke, Rensselaer co. H. J. Banker. Meadowdale, Albany co. September. Remarkable for its dissected pileus and its hot peppery flavor. Lecidea platycarpa Ach. Rocks. Vaughns, Washington co. August. S. H. Burnham. Lophiotrema semiliberum (Desm.) Sacc. Dead grass stems. Lyndonville, Orleans co. May. C. E. Fairman. ee eet, ee ee On en ee REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 23 Lotus corniculatus L. Selkirk, Albany co. C. E. Jones. An introduced plant sparingly naturalized. ; | Metzgeria conjugata Lindb. eveae Perpendicular surface of rocks. Shandaken, Ulster co. June. Miss M. F. Miller. Monilia crataegi Diedicke Parasitic on living leaves of various species of thorn bushes. It causes the leaves to turn brown and die and is therefore more or less injurious to the plant it attacks, according to the severity of the attack. The fungus is at first whitish, but soon becomes ciner- eous. When fresh it emits a strong odor. In the typical form of the fungus the spores are said to be 13 long, 11 » broad. In our specimens they vary from 12-20 » long, and 11-12 » broad. Painted Post, Steuben ‘co. Also Clayton, Jefferson co. and near Albany. May and June. Myxosporium necans n. sp. Acervuli in longitudinal series, erumpent, whitish within, spores oozing out in whitish or yellowish white tendrils or masses; spores oblong or elliptic, .coo24—.0004 of an inch long, .00008—.000012 broad, often binucleate, supported on slender sporophores. Pare: Of living chokechetry, Prunus virginiana E. North Greenbush, Rensselaer co. June. The fungus attacks the trunk near the base and soon kills the shrub. Nolanea suaveolens n. sp. _Pileus submembranous, convex, umbilicate, obscurely fibrillose or unpolished, indistinctly striate on the margin, smoky brown; lamellae thin, unequal, close, adnate, whitish becoming dingy pink; stem slen- der, glabrous, hollow, brown; spores angular, uninucleate, .0004- .0005 of an inch long, .00024—.0003 broad. - Pileus 6-10 lines broad ; stem 1.5—2 inches long, .5 of a line thick. Woods. Sand Lake, Rensselaer co. August. The dried specimens emit an agreeable odor similar to that of Pariartimts caiphoratus or L:~glyciesmus... This character is suggestive of the specific name. Parmelia perforata (Jacq.) Ach. Trees. ‘Near Chilson lake, Essex co. June. Mrs C. W. Harris. 24 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Parmelia cetrata Ach. Trunks of trees in swamps. Shushan, Washington co. May. Frank Dobbin. Physcia hypoleuca (Muhl.) Tuckm. Trunks of trees. Shushan. April. Frank Dobbin. Pholiota duroides Pk. Ground in woods near Syracuse. August. G. E. Morris and C. H. Peck. For description of this species see article on “ New York Species of ees Polyporus alboluteus E. & E. Decaying prostrate trunk of spruce, between Long lake and Mud pond, Hamilton co. Imperfect specimens of this rare species were formerly referred to: Lenzites sepiaria denti? es asm New York State Museum Report 40, page 75. It has been found but once in our State. The type specimens were collected in Colo- rado, the only other locality at present known for the species. A new genus, Aurantiporellus, has recently been founded by Dr Murrill on this species. Polyporus spraguei Bante G On old stumps of oak and chestnut. Sand Lake, Rensselaer co. and Wading River, Suffolk co. July and August. Polystictus montagnei Fr. Ground. Sand Lake, Rensselaer co. and Piseco, Hamilton co. This is a rare species with us. A single specimen was found in each locality. It is distinguished from allied species by the large size of its pores. The pileus is often very irregular. . Rinodina oreina (Ach.) Mass. Peaked rock near Shushan, Washington co. July. S. H. Burn- ham. ; | Russula aeruginea Fr. Near Utica. August. T. T. Clohessy. Near Gansevoort, Sara- toga co: C..esPeck. | : i- : REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 25 Sphaeropsis lyndonvillae Sacc. Dead branches of a cultivated species of Althaea. Lyndonville, Wrieans co. C: E.. Fairman. Sphaeropsis persicae E. & B. Dead branches of flowering almond, Prunus japonica Thunb. Lyndonville. May. C,. E. Fairman. Stereocaulon coralloides Fr. mocks. Mi; Marcy. July. ©. H.. Peck. Near Chilson «lake, Miesex-co. June. Mrs C. W.-Harris. Stropharia bilamellata Pk. In a plowed field near Newark, Wayne co. Septeriber. B. C. Williams. See article on “ Edible Fungi.” : _ Trentepohlia umbrina (Kutz.) Born. Bate ot canoe bitch; Betula -papyritera Marsh: -Shu- shan, Washington co. May. Frank Dobbin. Tubercularia davisidna Sacc. & Trav. Parasitic on Rhytisma salicinum (Pers.) Fr. Catskill mountains. ; Viola vagula Greene Low damp ground near Vaughns, Washington co. May. S. H. Burnham. : 26 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM SOME ADDITIONS TO THE CRATAEGUS FLORA 7On WESTERN NEW YORK BY?-C. °S.. SARGENT The following paper is based chiefly on collections and observa- tions made by Mr John Dunbar of Rochester in Buffalo and Niagara Falls between 1901 and 1906. In it are also included a few species distinguished at Rochester since the publication in the fourth volume of the Proceedings of the Rochester Academy of Science in 1903 of my paper on Crataegus in Rochester, and a few others discovered in the valley of the Genesee river south of Rochester by Messrs Baxter and Dewing of Rochester, and in Canandaigua and Chapinville, Ontario co. by the Rochester botanists. rt NOUPLETS;- WITHOUT VENTRAL CAVIRIES I CRUS-GALLI Leaves obovate, cuneate, coriaceous, dark green and shining above, mostly glabrous, usually serrate only above the middle, their veins thin except on vigorous shoots and often within the parenchyma; calyx glabrous; fruit oblong to subglobose; nutlets 1-3, obtuse and rounded at the ends, prominently ridged on the back. Veins within the parenchyma Stamens 10 or less Anthers. rose ‘color..1 ©. crus-galli var. pyracantmanneuem Anthers:: witite %s-3 eRe seat ate ceteiers cate eee 2 C. arduennae Veins prominent Anthers pale pink ; Statens OSTO he, aan ene Se ee eee 3 C. geneseensis Stamens 10-20 ; Flowers at least 1.8 cm in diameter, in broad many-flowered corymbs; leaves broadly ovate; fruit crimson; spines stout..4 C. robusta Flowers not more than 1.2 cm in diameter, in few-flowered corymbs; leaves narrowly obovate; fruit bright cherry-red; spines Slender“... 1.8) uhoth aye ee re 5 C. cerasaam Crataegus crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Aiton Hort. Kew. 11. 170 (1788). Sargent, Silva N. Am. XIII. 30, t. 637; Bot. Gazette XXXV. 100; Man. 3609. Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent ( X 17), September 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, September 27, 1905 and June 1906; Rochester, Baxter and Dewing ( x 314), June 10 and October 15, 1905; also at Niagara on the Lake, Ontario and in Delaware. ey OY REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I9Q07 27 Crataegus arduennae Sargent Bot. Gazette XX XV. 377 (1903); Man. 373, f. 201; Acad. Sci. Phila. Proc. 582 (1905). * South Buffalo, B. H. Slavin (¥ 14), June 6 and October 1906; also southern Ontario, through southern Michigan to northeastern Illinois, and in eastern Pennsylvania. Crataegus arduennea was first described as entirely glabrous but there are often a few hairs on the upper side of the midribs of the young leaves; and a few minute hairs can be found occasionally on the young pedicels of the Buffalo plant. Crataegus geneseensis n. sp. Glabrous with the exception of a few hairs on the young leaves. Leaves obovate-oblong, short pointed at the rounded or acute apex, gradually narrowed from near the middle to the concave-cuneate entire ‘base, and finely serrate above, with usually incurved teeth; nearly fully grown when the flowers open about the Ist of June and then thin, slightly hairy along the upper side of the midribs, dark yellow-green and lustrous above and pale below, and at ma- turity subcoriaceous, dark green and very lustrous on the upper sur- face, pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 4.5—-5 cm long and 2-2.5 em wide, with thin prominent midribs, and conspicuous primary veins extending obliquely to above the middle of the leaf; petioles slender, narrowly wing-margined sometimes nearly to the base, slightly hairy on the upper side while young, soon glabrous, 5-8 mm long; leaves on vigorous shoots oval and acuminate to obovate and rounded at the apex, concave-cuneate at the base, coarsely serrate, often deeply lobed, 6-7 cm long and 3.5-4 cm wide, with thick mid- . ribs, and stout broadly winged rose colored petioles. Flowers 1-1.2 cm in diameter, on slender pedicels, in wide lax many-flowered corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves ; calyx- tube narrowly obconic, the lobes slender, elongated, acuminate, minutely glandular serrate near the base, reflexed after anthesis; stamens g—I1, filaments persistent on the fruit; anthers pink; styles I, 2 or rarely 3. Fruit ripening-in the middle of October, on slender drooping reddish pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full ’ and rounded at the ends, scarlet, lustrous, marked by large dark dots, T.2-1.5 cm long and 1-1.2 cm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a _ deep narrow cavity, and spreading lobes, their tips often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 1-3, obtuse at the ends, rounded and slightly grooved on the back, about 8 mm long, and 6 mm in diameter. 28 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A tree 3-4 m high, with a trunk sometimes 3 dm in diameter, widespreading branches forming a broad flat topped open head, . and slender slightly zigzag branchlets light orange-green and marked by many pale lenticels when they first appear, pale orange colored in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with slender nearly straight, light brown ultimately gray spines 4—4.5 cm long and persistent and become branched on old stems. Banks of the Genesee river above Rochester, J. Dunbar (¥ 1 type), June 1 and October 23, 1903; Tuscarora, Baxter and Dewing ( ¥ 295, a much older tree with smaller leaves), September 14, 1904, and May 30, 1905. Crataegus robusta n. sp. Leaves glabrous, oblong-obovate, gradually narrowed or rounded and usually short pointed at the apex, narrowed from above the middle to the cuneate entire base, and finely doubly serrate above, with straight grandular teeth; nearly fully grown when the flowers open about the roth of June and then thin and lustrous above, and at maturity subcoriaceous, dark green and very lustrous on the upper surface,- pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 5-6 cm long and 3.5-4 cm wide; leaves on vigorous shoots often 8-9 cm long and 5-6 cm wide, with prominent pale yellow midribs and 6 or 7 pairs of prominent primary veins; petioles stout, wing-margined often to below the middle, glandular early in the season toward the apex, often tinged with red in the autumn, 7-12 mm in length. Flow- ers 1.8 cm in diameter, on elongated slender glabrous pedicels, in broad lax many-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acuminate, glandular serrate; stamens 10-20; anthers pale pink; styles usually 2 or 3, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the end of September, on long slender drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong to obovate, crimson, lustrous, marked by occasional large pale dots, about 2 cm long and 7-8 mm wide; calyx prominent, with a broad shallow cavity, and spreading and reflexed or appressed narrow lobes, dark red on the upper side below the middle and often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thin, yellow-green, dry and mealy ; nutlets 2 or 3, gradually narrowed at the ends, rounded at the base, ridged on the back, with a low grooved ridge, about I cm. long, and 5 mm wide. A tree 5-6 m high, with a trunk covered with dark scaly bark REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 29 and sometimes 3 dm in diameter, thick widespreading branches forming a symmetrical round-topped head often 6-7 m in diameter, and ‘stout nearly straight pale orange-brown lustrous branchlets marked while young with oblong pale lenticels, light gray and shining in their second season, and armed with straight red-brown shining spines 5—7 cm in length, persistent and becoming branched on the old _ trunk and branches. | Banks of the Niagara river above the falls, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent ( ¥ 16 type), September 16, 1904, J Dunbar, June 12, 1905; Buffalo, J. Dunbar (* 26), September 30, 1904, May 28, June 12 and September 26, 1905. : Crataegus cerasina n. sp. Leaves oblong-obovate, acute or rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed and concave-cuneate at the entire base and sharply doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth; nearly half grown when the flowers-open about the toth of June and then glabrous with the exception of a few caducous pale hairs on the upper side of the midribs, thin, dark green and lustrous above and pale below, and at maturity subcoriaceous, dark yellow-green and shining on the ‘upper surface, light yellow-green on the lower surface, 5-6.5 cm long and 2.6-3.5 cm wide, with slender yellow midribs, and 5 or 6 pairs of thin, prominent primary veins; petioles slender, wing- margined to below the middle, 1.2-1.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots coriaceous, often slightly lobed toward the apex, more coarsely serrate and sometimes 7 cm long and 5 cm wide, with stout midribs, more prominent veins, and thick broadly winged reddish petioles about 1 cm in length. Flowers 1.2 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous pedicels, in few usually 7—-10- ; flowered compact corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, _ the lobes slender, elongated, acuminate, glandular serrate, slightly ; hairy on the inner surface toward the base, reflexed after anthesis; | stamens 10-20; anthers pale pink; styles usually 2. Fruit ripen- : ing from the middle to the end of September, on slender reddish _ pedicels, in 1-5-fruited drooping clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, bright cherry-red, very lustrous, marked by - occasional large pale dots, 1-1.2 cm long and 8-10 mm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a deep narrow cavity, and slender spreading, _ persistent lobes dark red on the inner surface toward the base and slightly serrate near the middle; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 2, full and rounded at the ends, ridged on the back, with a _ hight broad ridge, 7-8 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. 30 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A tree 5-7 m high, with a tall trunk 2-3 dm in diameter, covered with ashy gray scaly bark, spreading and ascending branches form- ing a wide open round-topped head, and slender nearly straight branchlets light olive-green and glabrous when they first appear, becoming light orange color and lustrous during their first season and dark gray-brown the following year, and armed with many slender nearly straight bright chestnut-brown shining ultimately dark gray-brown spines 3—5 cm in length. Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent (22, type), Septem ber 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, June 12, 1905; also ( ¥ 22A and 22B), J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent, September 16, 1904, and J. Dunbar, Junie-12,.,1900;.. II PUNCTATAE Leaves usually thin, mostly acute or occasionally rounded at the apex, their veins prominent; stamens 20; fruit short-oblong or rarely subglobose or obovate, often conspicuously punctate; flesh usually dry and mealy. Anthers’ rose color or yellow; leaves obovate, often acutely lobed above the middle, especially on vigorous shoots, more or less villose below; fruit flattened at the ends, marked by large dots, dark red or bright yellow ...... sec a ON BE Clots Ta RE aes ane I aE 1 C.°puneranee Anthers dark rose color; leaves rhombic, glabrous at maturity Leaves subcoriaceous; flowers on stout villose pedicels; calyx thickly coated with matted white hairs; fruit subglobose, crimson, very Lustrous s.s46 ciate ites en ae eae De era ee 2 C. cersag Leaves thin; flowers on slender glabrous pedicels; calyx glabrous; fruit short-oblong or sometimes slightly obovate, orange-red slightly ‘lustrotis’ ais. Bees cere ee eee 3 C. notabilis Anthers pink; corymbs and leaves glabrous Leaves oblong-obovate, acuminate at the base; fruit obovate......... reer y a Retiatia SA) STN Ce aya MN AEA pe a aE A 4 C.. Beeiaae Leaves ovate to oval or orbicular, abruptly narrowed at the base; fruit -short-oblengs: 720k ee eee eee 5 C. dewingii Crataegus punctata Jacquin Hort. Vind. 1. 10, t. 28 (1770). Sargent, Silva N. Am. IV. 103, t. 184; Man. 380, f. 308; Acad. Sci. Phila. Proc. 583 (1905). Buffalo, J. Dunbar (5), May 21 and September 25,- 1903; also from Canada to Illinois and to the mountains of western North Carolina. ¥: Cn OL ONE ee ee SRA ae Georgie, a Ss 7 REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 31 Crataegus celsa n. sp. Leaves rnombic to oblong-obovate, acute or acuminate at tue apex, grauually narroweu anu concave-cuueate at the entire pase, finely aoubly serrate above, witu imcuryved glandular teetu, anu sligntly divided above the midale into 4 or 5 pairs of small acute lobes ; about half grown when the flowers open during tne last wees of May and then membranaceous, light yellow-green and sparingly villose especially on the midribs and veins, and at maturity subcori- aceous, glabrous, dark green and lustrous on the upper surtace, pale on the lower surface, 5-7 cm long and 3.5—-5 cm wide, with slender prominent midribs and 5-7 pairs of primary veins extending obliquely toward the apex of the leaf and deeply impressed on its upper side; petioles slender, narrowly wing-margined often nearly to the middle, slightly villose while young, soon becoming glabrous, often rose color in the autumn, 1I.5—2 cm in length; stipules linear, minutely glandular, fading brown, caducous; leaves on vigorous shoots thicker, more coarsely serrate and sometimes 9-10 cm long and 8&9 cm wide, with thick rose colored midribs and stout broadly winged petioles. Flowers 1.5 cm in diameter, on stout villose pedi- cels, in compact many-flowered hairy corymbs, with linear to linear- obovate slightly glandular caducous bracts and bractlets ; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, thickly coated with long matted white hairs, the lobes wide, acuminate, glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, villose on the inner surface below the middle; stamens 20; anthers small, dark rose color; styles usually 3. Fruit ripening early in October, on stout reddish drooping pedicels, in wide many-fruited clusters, subglobose, full and rounded at the ends, crimson, very lustrous, marked by large pale dots, about 1 cm long and 8 or g mm wide; calyx prominent, with a deep narrow cavity, and large spreading, closely appressed, light green persistent lobes; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 3, full and rounded at the ends, or narrow and acuminate at the apex, rounded and slightly ridged on the back, with a broad low ridge 7-8 mm long, and 5 mm wide. An arborescent shrub sometimes 7 m high, with numerous stems covered with dark gray scaly bark, spreading and ascending branches, and stout slightly zigzag branchlets dark olive-green and sparingly hairy when they first appear, becoming light orange-brown, _ very lustrous and marked by large oblong lenticels in their first sea- son and pale gray-brown the following year, and armed with numer- ous stout nearly straight purple shining spines 5-6 cm long, often pointing toward the base of the branch, and generally persistent on old stems. 32 5 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar (*X 32, type), September 28, 1905; and May 28, 1906. similar to Crataegus pausiaca Ashe, in habit, in the color of the branchlets and in the shape and venation of the leaves, this species differs from it in its larger flowers on much shorter pedicels, in the more villose calyx-tube and much broader, more foliaceous calyx-lobes, and in the smaller subglobose crimson fruit on shorter stalks. Crataegus notabilis n. sp. Leaves rhombic, acuminate, gradually narrowed-and acute at the entire base, coarsely doubly serrate above, with incurved or straight glandular teeth, and diviaed above the middle into 2 or 3 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes; when tney unfold slightly tinged with red and glabrous with the exception of a few scattered pale hairs along the upper side of the midribs, membranaceous and about half grown when the flowers open at the end of May, and at maturity thick and firm, glabrous, smooth and dark yellow-green cn the upper surface, pale blue-green on the lower surface, 6-7 cm long and 4-4.5 cm wide, with prominent yellow midribs, and thin primary veins extending very obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, broadly wing-margined often to below the middle, occasionally furnished early in the season with minute deciduous glands, glabrous, 2-3 cm in length; stipules linear, glandular, fading brown, caducous. Flowers 1.2 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous pedicels, in usually 6-8-flowered lax thin-branched corymbs, with linear bracts and bractlets, the lower peduncles from the axils of the upper leaves; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acuminate, entire or slightly dentate above the middle, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed © after anthesis; stamens 20; filaments persistent on the ripe fruit; anthers large, red-purple;. styles 3-5. Fruit ripening early in October, on long drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters; short- oblong or slightly obovate, full and rounded at the ends, orange-red, marked by occasional large dark dots, 8-10 mm long, 7-8 mm in diameter ; calyx prominent, with a short tube, a deep narrow cavity, and slender spreading persistent lobes; flesh thin, yellow, hard and dry; nutlets 3-5, rounded at the ends, ridged on the back, with a broad, low grooved ridge, light colored, 5-6 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. An arborescent shrub 5-7 m high, with stout ascending and~ spreading stems covered with dark gray scaly bark, small spreading - tine 7 an Mee ALES NE DN A Gl Selig > te tet { ; 3 4 .. e. F REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 33 branches forming a narrow open head, and slender slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets dull orange-green and marked by many small pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light orange-brown or chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season and dull gray- brown, the following year, and armed with numerous very slender nearly straight dark chestnut-brown or purplish shining ultimately ashy gray spines 3.5-5 cm in length, persistent and becoming branched on old stems. } Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥ 14, type), June 1 and September 24 and 30, 1904. Crataegus barbara n. sp. Glabrous with the exception of the hairs on the inner surface of the calyx-lobes. Leaves oblong-obovate, acuminate, gradually nar- rowed to the long slender acuminate entire base, finely serrate above, with minute incurved teeth, and only slightly lobed near the apex; nearly fully grown when the flowers open during the first week of June and then thin, dark green, smooth and lustrous above and ‘pale below, and at maturity subcoriaceous, dark green and very lustrous on the upper surface, pale on the lower surface, 5.5-7 cm long and 2.5-3 cm wide, with stout yellow midribs, and thin very prominent primary veins extending obliquely toward the apex of the leaf; petioles slender, narrowly wing-margined nearly to the middle, 1.5-2.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots oblong to obovate, narrowed to the ends, more coarsely serrate, often deeply divided into I or 2 narrow acuminate lateral lobes, frequently g-10 cm long and 4.5-6 cm wide, with stout broadly winged petioles. Flowers 1.3-1.5 cm in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in wide lax many-flowered corymbs,.the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves ; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acu- minate, finely glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, sparingly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20; anthers pale pink; styles 2-4. Fruit ripening the middle of October, on long slender reddish pedicels, in drooping few-fruited clus- ters, oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed - from below the middle, abruptly compressed at the ofte: oblique base and decurrent on the pedicels; calyx little enlarged, with a very narrow deep cavity, and spreading closely appressed persistent lobes, flesh thin, juicy, pale yellow; nutlets 3-5, acute at the ends or — narrowed and rounded at the base, ridged on the back, with a low grooved ridge, 7-8 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. 2 34 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A tree sometimes 7 m high, with a short trunk 2—2.5 dm in diam- eter, erect branches forming a broad open head, and stout zigzag glabrous branchlets, light orange-yellow and marked by large pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light orange color and — lustrous in their first season, and armed with numerous nearly straight or curved spines 2.5-6 cm long and becoming dark gray or purple in their second or third seasons. ; Brighton, near Rochester, B. H. Slavin ( * 2, type), October 14, 1903, and June 4, 1905. eraceae dewingii n. sp. Leaves ovate to oval or rarely orbicular, acuminate, abruptly concave-cuneate at the entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and very slightly. divided above the middle into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate lobes; deeply tinged with red when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then thin, yellow-green and glabrous with the exception of a few caducous hairs along the upper side of the midribs, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dark green and lustrous on the upper surface, pale bluish green on the lower sur- face, 5-7 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, with stout yellow midribs, and thin primary veins arching obliquely to the points of the lobes; ~ petioles slender, wing-margined at the apex, villose on the upper | side while young, slightly glandular, 2.5-3 cm ur length; leaves on vigorous shoots often oblong-ovate, more coarsely serrate, deeply divided into broad lateral lobes and 5-6 cm long. Flowers 1.8-2 cm in diameter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in 4-13-flowered lax corymbs, with broadly obovate to linear-obovate caducous bracts and bractlets fading brown; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes abruptly narrowed from the base, broad, acuminate, entire or slightly serrate near the middle, glabrous on the outer, ‘sparingly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20; anthers pink; styles 4 or 5, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening from the middle to the end of September, on stout red pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, crimson, pruinose, becoming lustrous, marked by many small pale dots, 1-1.2 cm in diameter ; calyx little enlarged, with a broad deep cavity, and spread- ing often incurved persistent lobes villose on the upper side; flesh thin, hard, dry and mealy; nutlets 4 or 5, gradually narrowed and rounded at the ends, ridged on the back, with a high narrow ridge, 7-8 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 35 A tree sometimes 8 m high, with a trunk 2 m long and 1.5 dm in diameter, covered with ridged and scaly gray bark, drooping and widespreading branches, and slender nearly straight glabrous branchlets dull red and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming bright chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season and pale gray-brown the following year, and armed with few slender nearly straight chestnut-brown shining spines 3-3.5 cm long. Open thickets in clay soil, Belfast, Allegany co., Baxter and ‘Dewing (*X 285, type), September 14, 1904, May 29 and September 14, 1905; ( ¥ 212X), May 30, 1903, September 14, 1904, Septem- ber 19, I1gO5. This interesting species, which is doubtfully referred to this group, is named for Mr Vincent Dewing who with Mr Baxter has carefully studied and industriously collected the large number of species of Crataegus growing in several of the towns of the upper Genesee valley in New York. Ill PRUIN@G@SAE Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or obovate, red or green, often slightly 5-angled, generally pruinose especially during the summer ; flesh hard and dry; leaves thin to subcoriaceous. Stamens 20 Anthers rose color, pink or red Leaves glabrous Corymbs glabrous Corymlissniany-HOWCTEO. oe oe ee os ee PoC: prainoea Corymbs few-flowered Leaves cuneate at the base; fruit conspicuously 5 angle and mammiullate below the middle............ Zoe an Canad Leaves often rounded at the broad base; fruit not mammillate Leaves subcoriaceous; flowers not less than 1.8 cm in diameter. em lene “pedicels: 2.5.5.5: AGS eae ss Leaves thin; flowers 1.2-1.4 tm in diameter, on short RNAICE TS Hops oo aren ei eices 9 Tat Sots SoS ERS 4 CC. amoena Wo pudsbe cv iMOSeatr cece ere oe pe ew Ae Sw cy FE aoe edt Onan 3a Young leaves roughened above by short white hairs...... 6.6. obtitia Anthers yellow ease Ne Pa ee, once eaten Sse aes ee Seas eC, COLA ta Leaves slightly hairy above while young Leaves oblong-ovate; corymbs many-flowered; spines short and SSRN oF Pes aL is Sh cs. oa eres reba ete Acree e S$. Cf Or 150s 2 Leaves broadly ovate;. corymbs few-flowered; spines long and = EE os eee eee ne ee ney Sei eae 0G. letoph yita 36 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Stamens Io or less Anthers rose color, purple or pink Leaves glabrous Fruit short-oblong Leaves slightly lobed; fruit cherry-red, pruinose, I-1.2 cm in diameter ss 2 2arrce eee ee tae eR Rae ee 10 C- pimlenrs ‘Leaves deeply lobed; fruit crimson, not pruinose, I.5-1.7 cm in 2 CiamMebeny Seaton ccm ih. Reet as PER Sa ae tl. C. praia Brant ObOo Vate sien Me sak Sc atten oo ON te ae ae 12°C, ash, Pea ee Leaves villose above while young Fruit obovate Flowers not more than 1.6 cm in diameter, in very compact 4-6- flowered corymbs; stamens usually 5; anthers dark rose COLOR so ucts Fac sR ot ee ee ae es 13. C; COMP ese) aes Frit subelobose eo eo te eign ye re 1§ C. matmeaae Flowers at least 2cm in diameter, in broad loose corymbs; Stamens To*- anthers pink! <2 0”. wae eee 14 C. plana Fruit subglobose........ Delt ees oo, ake aie eh raed 15 Coc matiteaaee Leaves scabrate above while FORE Leaves thick Leaves blue-green Stamens 10; fruit short-oblong to obovate..16 C. placiva Stamens yas etnutt, ObOrste. ) scree 7. C. totem Leaves yellow-green .......... me Boe Cu 18 C. xanthopiyie Leaves thin Leaves blue-green Flowers in 2-8-flowered compact corymbs; fruit subglobose, Preinose! aul Koiewe: al phe ea Pe Ren a a 19 C.-impilreaces Flowers in wide lax many-flowered corymbs; fruit oblong- obovate, not -pruinose 4. f.. 0s .% ee seen tee 20 Cy promisem Leaves yellow-green Leaves scabrate at maturity Flowers not more than 1.5 cm in diameter; calyx-lobes glabrous; fruit short-oblong, on drooping pedicels.,......... 5” gables dap pt a. sele Seah be Dhak Leen Seton ane a te ee 21 C. strigosa Flowers at least 2 cm in diameter; calyx-lobes villose on the inner surface; fruit obovate, on erect pedicels.......... op a ee OF ee Nea vive es cs. 22>) Co pig Leaves glabrous at maturity Anthers dark rose color; calyx-lobes short and broad; fruit on long drooping :pedicels OF vicvintn sone 23. C.. -fernee Anthers pale pink; calyx-lobes long and slender; fruit on shorter’. pedicele su ie 2k sad eden a wees 24. Ci sera Anthers yellow; flowers on villose pedicels, in compact 5-7-flowered corymbs; styles hirsute to the middle; young leaves scabrate........... PS ere mies rt wit a turers COR Spat Ste 25 C. inustonee sateen a Ra ee eee eee ee ere oe =e _ __ = Jc ew 1 7 _ Sa } REPORT OF THE “STATE BOTANIST 1907 a7 Crataegus pruinosa K. Koch Verhandl. Preuss. Gart. Verein, neue Reihe 1. 246 (1854). Sargent, Silva N. Am, XIII. 61, t. 648; Man. 411, f. 331; Acad. Sci. Phila. Proc. 585 (1905). | Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥ 2, 6 and 45), 1902-5. ‘ Crataegus arcana Beadle Bilt Bot. Studies 1. 122 (1902). Sargent, Bot. Gazette XXXV. ior; Acad. Sci. Phila. Proc. 588 (1905). Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent (* 24), September 16, 1904; J. Dunbar, May 28, 1905; also eastern Pennsylvania to western North Carolina. Crataegus gracilis n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, rounded or abruptly cuneate at the broaa entire base, sharply doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided into 3 or 4 pairs of short acuminate lateral lobes ; when they unfold deeply tinged with red and glabrous with the exception of occasional caducous hairs along the upper side of the midribs, nearly fully grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then membranaceous and dull yellow-green, and at matur- ity subcoriaceous, dark blue-green, smooth and lustrous on the-upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 5-6 cm long and 3.5—4 cm wide, with slender yellow midribs and 4 or 5 pairs of thin primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular, with occasional scattered dark glands, 8-10 mm long; stipules linear or linear-falcate, glandular, fading rose color, deciduous; leaves on vigorous shoots coriaceous, nearly triangular, mostly truncate at the base, coarsely serrate, deeply lobed, often 8-9 cm long and 9-10 cm wide, with stout reddish midribs, broadly margined con- spicuously glandular petioles 2-2.5 cm in length, and foliaceous lunate coarsely serrate stipules. Flowers about 1.8 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous pedicels, in compact 6—10-flowered corymbs, with linear glandular red bracts.and bractlets; calyx-tube broadly - obconic, glabrous, the lobes abruptly narrowed from broad bases, slender, acuminate, glabrous, entire or occasionally minutely glandu- lar toward the base; stamens 20; anthers pale pink, filaments per- sistent on the fruit; styles 3-5, surrounded at the base by tufts of _ long pale hairs. Fruit ripening late in September, on slender droop- ing pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, depressed-globose, green tinged with red or orange color, pruinose, about I cm in diameter; calyx 38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM , prominent, with a short tube, a broad shallow cavity, and wide- spreading and slightly incurved lobes, dark red on the upper side toward the base; flesh thin, dry, greenish yellow; nutlets 3-5, full and rounded at the base, narrowed and rounded at the apex, ridged on the back, with a high rounded ridge, dark colored, 8-g mm long, ~ and about 5 mm wide. A shrub 2-3 m high, with numerous ascending stems spreading into broad thickets, and covered below with ashy gray bark, and stout slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets green tinged with red when they first appear, soon becoming bright chestnut-brown and lustrous and marked by large pale lenticels, and armed with many stout nearly straight chestnut-brown shining spines 4-6 cm long and usually pointing toward the base of the branch. Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent ( ¥ 26, type), Soe tember 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 28, 1905. Crataegus amoena n. sp. Leaves ovate, acute or acuminate, concave-cuneate or rounded at the entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight or incurved glandular teeth, and divided above the middle into 2 or 3 pairs of broad acute lobes; slightly tinged with red when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then thin, smooth and light yellow-green above and pale below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dark bluish green on the upper surface, pale on the lower surface, 4-6 cm long, 3.5—-5 cm wide, with slender mid- ribs often tinged with rose in the autumn, and 3 or 4 pairs of ob- scure primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, deeply grooved, sparingly glandular while young, 1.5—2.5 cm in length; stipules linear, glandular, fading brown, caducous; leaves on vigorous shoots. rounded or cuneate at the broad base, 6-7 cm long and 5-6 cm wide. Flowers 1.2-1.4 cm in diameter, on short slender pedicles, in compact most 4-6 flowered corymbs;_ calyx- tube broadly obconic, the lobes gradually narrowed from wide bases, short, acuminate, generally entire; stamens 20; anthers creamy white suffused with pink; styles 3-5. [Fruit ripening from the middle to the end of October, on stout erect pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, subglobose to short-oblong, dark red, pruinose, I-1.2 cm in diameter ; calyx prominent, with a broad deep cavity, and spread- ‘ing lobes deat red on the upper side toward the base; flesh thin, hard, greenish yellow ; nutlets 3-5, gradually narrowed and rounded at the ends, ridged on the back, with a high narrow rounded ridge, dark colored, about 7 mm long, and 5 mm wide. | PSDP OR S98 GAG et PDH ai ey Bipinde sek eee giinci2 ov: So os i aOR Oe ee ne ty ee . 4h ~ — Ss. CCC REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 39 A shrub 3-4 m high, with ascending and spreading stems covered below with dark red bark, and slender slightly zigzag branchlets olive-green deeply tinged with red when they first appear, becoming bright chestnut-brown and very lustrous and marked by occasional large dark lenticels in their first season and dull gray the following year, and armed with numerous slender nearly straight purple spines 4—6 cm long, and persistent and branched on old stems. ‘Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent (21, type), Sep- tember 16, 1904, J Dunbar, May 28, 1905. | Crataegus clintoniana n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, cuneate or rounded at the entire base, finely and often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided into 4 or 5 pairs of narrow acuminate lateral lobes ; when they unfold tinged with red, sparingly villose on the upper surface and villose below along the midribs and veins and furnished with axillary tufts of matted pale hairs, nearly half grown when the flowers open about the 2oth of May and then thin, light yellow- green, still sparingly hairy principally along the under side of the midribs and veins and pale bluish green below, and at maturity thin, yellow-green, smooth and glabrous on the upper surface and nearly ‘glabrous on the lower surface, 4-5 cm long and 3.5-4 cm wide, with slender midribs, and usually 4 pairs of thin primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glabrous, spar- ingly glandular while young, I-1.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots abruptly cuneate or rounded at the broad base, coarsely serrate, deeply lobed, often 6-7 cm long and broad, with stout broadly winged glandular petioles 2.5—-3 cm in length. Flowers 2 cm in diameter, on slender villose pedicels, in compact mostly 5- or 6-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the Isbes slender, acuminate, nearly entire, glabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20; anthers bright red; styles 3-5, generally 5, surrounded at the base by a broad ring of pale hairs. Fruit ripen- ing early in October, on stout reddish pedicels, in few-fruited erect clusters, subglobose but often rather broader than high, distinctly angled, orange-red, lustrous, marked by numerous small pale dots, I.2-I.4 cm in diameter ; calyx prominent, with a short tube, a broad deed cavity, and small spreading or reflexed lobes persistent on the rive fruit; flesh thick, yellowish green, dry and mealy; nutlets usually 5, narrowed and rounded at the ends, slightly grooved on the back, 6-7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. : 40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A narrow shrub thin in habit, 5-6 m high, with many small stems covered with dark gray scaly bark, spreading and ascending branches, and slender nearly straight branchlets glabrous and orange-green slightly tinged with red when they first appear, becoming red-brown and lustrous during their first season and dull gray-brown the fol- lowing year, and armed with numerous, thin, straight, light chestnut- brown shining, ultimately dull gray spines 4-5 cm in length, per- sistent, very numerous and becoming branched on the old stems. Low wet woods, Buffalo; J. Dunbar ( ¥ 8, type), May 21 and September 29, 1903, September 26, 1905. ~ Not common. This handsome and distinct species is named in memory of George W. Clinton (1807-85), a distinguished judge of the Supreme Court of the city of Buffalo and a critical student of the plants growing in the neighborhood of that city. Crataegus oblita n. sp. Leaves oblong-ovate to nearly triangular, acuminate, rounded, subcordate or abruptly concave-cuneate at the broad entire or glan- dular base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided often only above the middle into 4 or 5 pairs of wide acuminate spreading lobes; about one third grown when the flowers open the 25th of May and then membranaceous, yellow-green, roughened above by short white hairs and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity thin. but firm in texture, dull blue-green, smooth and lustrous on the upper surface, pale bluish green on the lower surface, 5-0.5 cm long and 4.5—5 cm wide, with thin yellow midribs, and slender primary veins extending obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles very slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, sparingly villose while young on the upper side, soon glabrous, 3-4 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots subcoriaceous, truncate or rounded at the base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply- lobed, often 5.5-6 cm long and wide. Flowers 1.5-1.6 cm in diam- eter, on long slender glabrous pedicels, in lax mostly 4-6-flowered corymbs ; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from broad bases, wide, acuminate, entire or occasionally slightly toothed near the middle, glabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20; anthers rose color; styles 4 or 5, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale hairs. Fruit ripening the end of Sep- tember, on slender drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, full and rounded at the apex, slightly narrowed to the rounded base, crimson, pruinose, finally becoming lustrous, marked by large pale ee ee REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 AI dots, 9-11 mm long and g-10 mm in diameter; calyx enlarged and prominent, with a broad deep cavity, and spreading and appressed usually persistent slightly serrate lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, yellow-green, dry and mealy; nutlets 4 or 5, thin and compressed at the rounded ends, rounded and slightly grooved or irregularly ridged on the back, 6-7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. : A shrub 4-5 m high, with small ascending stems covered with pale gray bark, spreading branches and slender slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets, dark reddish brown and marked by pale lenti- cels when they first appear, becoming dark chestnut-brown and very lustrous in their first season and dull red-brown the. following year, and armed with slender straight slightly curved dull chestnut- brown spines 3—5 cm long. Borders of thickets in low moist soil, Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥ 16, type), June 1, 1904, May 28, 1906, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent. September 24, 1904. Crataegus cognata Sargent Rhodora V. 58 (1903). Buffalo, J. Dunbar ( * G), October 1901, May 26 and October 6, 1902, May 21 and September 29, 1903; ( ® 23), September 30, 1904, June 12, 1905; ( ® 38), June 12 and September 26, 1905; Naxeara Falls,;}. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent (*8), September ieee, | Dunbar, june 12, 1905; ( * 15); J. Dunbar-and CS. Sargent, September 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 26, 1905; near Hem- lock lake, Livingston co., Henry T. Brown (* 15 and 26), May and October 1906; also southern and western New England and eastern New York. Crataegus formosa Sargent Rochester Acad, Sci. Proc. IV. ror (1903). Buffalo, J. Dunbar, October 6, 1902, September 26, 1905, May 28, 1906, Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar ( ® 1), October 7, 1902, May 22, 1903; also at Rochester, New York. Crataegus leiophylla Sargent Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 99 (1903). Buffalo, J. Dunbar, September 26, 1905, May 25, 1906; also at Rochester, New York. : The anthers in this species were first described as pale yellow; further observations show that they are slightly tinged with pink. 42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Crataegus pulchra n. sp. “Glabrous. Leaves ovate to oval, acuminate, rounded or occa- sionally cuneate at the entire base, finely often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided very slightly above the middle into 3 or 4 pairs of short broad acuminate lobes; deeply tinged with red when they unfold, more than half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then thin, yellow-green above and paler below, and at maturity thin, yellow-green, 4.5-5.5 cm long and broad, with slender yellow midribs, and obscure primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined sometimes nearly to the middle, glandular with minute dark glands, 2-2.5 cm in length. Flowers about 1.8 cm in, diameter, on slender pedicels, in compact mostly 6-8-flowered corymbs, with linear acuminate glan-_ dular bracts and bractlets fading rose color; calyx-tube broadly obconic, the lobes slender, acuminate, entire or sparingly glandular toward the apex, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 10; anthers ma- roon; styles 2-4. Fruit ripening the middle of September, on short stout pedicels, in drooping 2-3-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, cherry-red, pruinose, marked by small pale dots, I-1.2 cm in diameter; calyx prominent, with a broad shallow cavity, and widespreading or closely appressed usually per- sistent lobes dark red on the upper side; flesh thin, yellow, dry or mealy; nutlets 2-4, narrowed and acute at the ends or rounded at the base, ridged on the back, with a narrow rounded ridge, light — colored, about 8 mm long, and 5 mm wide. A shrub 1-2.5 m high, with small stems spreading into thickets, and slender nearly straight branchlets orange-green tinged with red when they first appear, becoming chestnut-brown, lustrous and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season, and dark red-— brown the following year, and armed with thin nearly straight purple ultimately gray-brown spines 3-5 cm long. Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar and ‘C. S. Sargent. (#25; type), Sep- tember 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 28, 1905; Buffalo, ( ¥ 11) J. Dun- bar, September 30, 1904, and May 28, 1905; ( ¥ 23), J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent, September 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 28, 1905. Crataegus radiata n. sp. Glabrous. Leaves ovate, acuminate, cuneate or rounded at the entire base, coarsely doubly serrate above, with straight gland-tipped teeth, and divided into 3 or 4 pairs of narrow acuminate spreading lateral lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open about the ivct; 4 aie ODignegs cigs » & th SS oe ee ee a ee AN oe. eee , < REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I9QO7 43 20th of May and then thin, smooth and yellow-green above and pale blue-green below, and at maturity thin but firm, dark dull blue- green on the upper surface and pale on the lower surface, 5-7 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, with prominent yellow midribs, and slender primary veins arching obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, wing-margined to. below the middle, glandular, with per- sistent glands, often rose color in the autumn, 1.5—2 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots subcoriaceous, rounded at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed and sometimes 8-9 cm long and broad, with stout broadly winged conspicuously glandu- lar petioles. Flowers 1.8-2 cm in diameter, on slender elongated pedicels, in loose usually 5- or 6-flowered long-branched corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, the lobes slender, acuminate, entire; stamens 9 or 10; anthers dark red; styles usually 4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening about ° the 1st of October, on stout reddish pedicels, in few-fruited droop- ing clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, crimson, lustrous, marked by many small dark dots, 1.5-1.7 cm in diameter ; calyx little enlarged, with a narrow deep cavity, and closely ap- pressed lobes persistent on the ripe fruit; flesh thick, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets usually 4, narrowed at the ends, rounded at the base, ridged on the back, with a broad grooved ridge, light colored, 6-7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub 4-6 m high, with numerous small stems covered with dark gray scaly bark, small spreading branches, and slender zigzag branchlets dark orange-green when they first appear, becoming bright chestnut-brown and very lustrous in their first season and dull red-brown the following year, and armed with many slender slightly curved purple shining spines 3.5-4 cm long, persistent and very numerous on old stems. | Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥ 3, type), October 6, 1902, May 21 and September 29, 1903, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent, September 24, 1904. ? Crataegus aridula n. sp. Glabrous. Leaves ovate, acuminate, cuneate or concave-cuneate at the entire base, sharply doubly serrate above, with straight gland- ular teeth, and divided into 5 or 6 pairs of narrow acuminat¢ spreading lobes; nearly full grown when the flowers open during the first week of June and then thin, dark yellow-green, smooth above and pale below, and at maturity thin, dark bluish green on the upper surface, pale on the lower surface, 4-5 cm long and 44 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 3.5-4.5 wide, with thin midribs and primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular, with minute scattered glands, 2-3 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots deltoid to rhom- bic, thin, coarsely serrate, often 6-7 cm long and broad, with slender wing-margined conspicuously glandular petioles. Flowers on long slender pedicels, in 5—7-flowered compact corymbs, with linear to linear-obovate glandular bracts and bractlets fading rose’ color; calyx-tube broadly obconic, the lobes gradually narrowed from the base, slender, acuminate, entire or occasionally sparingly dentate below the middle; stamens 10; anthers red; styles 2 or 3. Fruit remaining hard and dry in the autumn, obovate, dark red, marked by many large pale dots, pruinose, about 1 cm long and 8&9 mm wide; calyx prominent, with a long tube, a deep narrow cavity, and spreading persistent lobes; flesh thin, yellowish green; nutlets 2 or 3, rounded at the base, acute at the apex, ridged on the back, with a low rounded ridge, light colored, 7-8 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub, with slender nearly straight branchlets, olive-green tinged with red when they first appear, becoming light chestnut- brown and lustrous in their first season and ultimately dark gray- brown, and armed with straight slender dark purplish spines 2.5—-3 cm in length. | Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar (¥ 3, type), October 7, 1902, and June — I, 1904. Crataegus congestiflora n. Sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, rounded or abruptly cuneate at the entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 5 or 6 pairs of broad spreading acuminate lateral lobes; more than half grown when the flowers open during the last week of May and then membranaceous, light — yellow-green and covered above by short white hairs and pale bluish green and glabrous below, and at maturity thin, dark blue-green, dull and glabrous on the upper surface and paler blue-green on the lower surface, 4-6 cm long and 3-4.5 cm wide, with thin yellow midribs and primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-mar- gined at the apex, sparingly glandular, 1.5-2.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots short-pointed at the apex, rounded at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, about 6-7 cm long and 5-6 cm wide. Flowers 1.4-1.5 cm in diameter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in very compact mostly 4-6-flowered corymbs; ; { ¥ } a, en aoe a, See TORN it 1s Se Pe ip Pads 3 3 ] 3 $ ; | 3 REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907. AS calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes wide, acuminate, entire or occasionally irregularly toothed toward the apex, glabrous, bright red above the middle, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-8, usually 5; anthers dark rose color; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a wide ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the end of October, on slender reddish pedicels, in 4- or 5-fruited spreading clusters, somewhat obovate, full and rounded at the apex, slightly narrowed and sometimes decurrent on the pedicel at the base, marked by many pale dots, crimson, pruinose, I-1.2 cm long and Q-II mm wide; calyx little enlarged, without a tube, with a narrow shallow cavity, and spreading persistent lobes often serrate toward the apex and dark red on the upper side; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 2 or 3, narrowed and rounded at the ends or acute at the apex, ridged on the back, with a broad grooved ridge, 6-7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide A shrub 3-4 m high, with small stems covered with dark gray bark, ascending and spreading branches, and very slender zigzag glabrous branchlets light green, slightly tinged with red when they first appear, becoming bright chestnut-brown and very lustrous in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with numerous thin slightly curved light. brown shining spines, becoming purple and ultimately gray, and 2.5-3 cm long. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (*¥ 19, type), September 30, 1904, May 27, 1905; ( ¥ 31), September 30, 1904; ( ¥ 44), September 26, 1905. Crataegus plana n. sp. Leaves oblong-obovate, acuminate, rounded or rarely cuneate at the entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided above the middle into 3 or 4 pairs of small spreading acuminate lobes; tinged with red and sparingly villose on the upper surface and in the axils of the veins below when they unfold, almost fully erown and nearly glabrous when the flowers open about the 2oth of May and then thin, light yellow- green and smooth above and bluish green below, and at maturity thin, glabrous, dark green and somewhat lustrous on the upper surface and pale blue-green on the lower surface, 4-5 cm long and 3-4 cm wide, with slender yellow midribs, and thin primary veins extending obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, wing-margined often to the middle, slightly glandular while young, T.5-2 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots subcoriaceous, broadly ovate to suborbicular, rounded or cordate at the base, more 46 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, and sometimes 6-7 cm wide, with stout broadly winged petioles glandular throughout the season. Flowers 2 cm in diameter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in usually 5-7-flowered corymbs, with linear glandular bracts and bractlets fading rose color; stamens 10, filaments persistent on the ripe fruit ; anthers pale pink; styles 3-5, surrounded at the base by a broad ring of pale hairs. Fruit ripening from the first to the middle of October, on slender pedicels, in few-fruited erect clusters, short- oblong, somewhat rounded at the base, bright green when fully grown, crimson at maturity, pruinose, marked by many small pale dots; calyx prominent, without a tube, with a broad deep cavity, and widespreading persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, yellow-green, hard, dry and mealy; nutlets 3-5, rounded at the ends, rounded and slightly grooved on the back, light colored, 5-6 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A shrub~3+4 m high and broad, with several stout erect stems covered with dark scaly bark, small spreading and ascending branches, and very slender glabrous branchlets, light chestnut- brown and lustrous in their first season, dark dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with numerous slender nearly straight chestnut-brown and shining, ultimately dark gray spines 3-4 cm long. | Buffalo, J. Dunbar (*¥ 4, type), October 6, 1902, May 21, 1903; near Hemlock lake, Livingston co., H. T. Brown (X 3), May and October 1906. . Crataegus maineana Sargent Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 106. (1903). Buffalo, J. Dunbar (* D), September 25, 1901, May 28, 1906; Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar, September 28, 1905, May 28, 190s also near Rochester, New York. Crataegus placiva n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, rounded, truncate or abruptly concave- cuneate at the broad entire or glandular base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided into 2 or 3 pairs of short broad acuminate lateral lobes; deeply tinged with red when they unfold, nearly fully grown when the flowers open at the end of May, and then thin, yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and pale and slightly hairy in the axils of the veins below, and at maturity thick, glabrous, smooth, dark blue- “ nal eee a $ . y A een ee — a ——— ae. «ee as eT eS ee ee ee Es J . J — 7 al rer en ere at isles oat vl -" ir ee LU ee ES eee eT ee eee , REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 47 green on the upper surface, pale on the lower surface, and 4-5 cm long and broad, with slender midribs and 3 or 4 pairs of thin pri- mary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular throughout the season, often tinged with red in the autumn, 2—3 cm in length; stipules linear, glandular, fading brown, caducous; leaves on vigorous shoots subcoriaceous, truncate at the base, coarsely serrate, more deeply lobed and often 7-8 cm long and wide. Flowers 2 cm in diameter, on elongated slender glabrous pedicels, in compact usually 5- or 6-flowered corymbs, with linear to linear-obovate glandular bracts and bractlets ; calyx-tube broadly ob- conic, glabrous, the lobes short, slender, acuminate, glabrous, entire; stamens 10; filaments persistent on the ripe fruit; anthers purplish red; styles 3 of 4, surrounded at the basé by a broad ring of long matted white hairs. Fruit ripening from the first to the middle of October, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends or obo- vate and slightly narrowed at the base, bright orange-red, pruinose, marked by small pale dots, 1-1.2 cm in diameter; calyx prominent, without a tube, with a broad shallow cavity, and widespreading - persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 3 or 4, narrow and rounded at the ends, slightly ridged on the back, with a low rounded ridge, about 7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub sometimes 5 m high, with ascending stems covered with dark gray scaly bark, spreading branches, and slender zigzag glab- rous branchlets dark orange-green more or less deeply tinged with red when they first appear, becoming dull chestnut-brown and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with slender slightly curved shining spines 5-6 cm long, persistent and very numerous on old _ stems and branches. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (* 22, type), September 30, 1904, May 28, 1905; ( ¥ 27), September 30, 1904, May 28, 1906. Crataegus tortuosa n. sp. Leaves oblong-ovate, abruptly cuneate or rarely rounded at the entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight or incurved glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 4 or 5 pairs of broad acuminate spreading lobes, about half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then membranaceous, yellow-green, slightly roughened above by short white hairs and glabrous below, and at maturity thick, blue-green, smooth and glabrous on the upper sur- 48 3 NEW, YORK STATE MUSEUM face, 5-6.5 cm long and 4.5-5 cm wide, with stout yellow midribs sometimes tinged with rose color in the autumn, and thin remote primary veins extending to the points of the lobes; petioles stout, wing-margined at the apex, sparingly glandular early in the season, tinged with rose color in the autumn, 2-4 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots usually broader and rounded or cordate at the base, more deeply lobed and sometimes 6-7 cm long and wide. Flowers on short slender glabrous pedicels, in compact 3-8, usually s-flowered corymbs, with small linear rose colored bracts and bract- lets; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, the lobes short and broad, min- utely serrate near the middle, glabrous, red and glandular at the — acuminate apex, reflexed. after anthesis; stamens usually 5; anthers purplish red; styles 2-4, surrounded at the base by a broad ring of long pale hairs. Fruit ripening the end of September, on stout drooping reddish pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, full and rounded at the apex, abruptly narrowed at the base, bright orange- red, pruinose, marked by numerous pale dots, lustrous, I-1.2 em long, and 8-10 mm wide; calyx-tube little enlarged, with a broad shallow cavity, and narrow spreading lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle, their tips incurved or more often deciduous from the ripe fruit; nutlets 2 or 3, narrow and rounded at the ends, prominently ridged on the back, with a broad deeply grooved ridge, light colored, 7-8 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub sometimes 5-6 m high, with stout stems, very tortuous horizontal or ascending branches, and slender slightly zigzag glab- rous branchlets, dark orange-green when they first appear, becom- ing bright chestnut-brown and marked by dark lenticels in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with numerous stout nearly straight bright chestnut-brown shining ultimately dull gray spines 2-3 cm long. Buffalo, J. Dunbar, ( ® 25, type), September 30, 1904, May 28 and September 26, 1905; J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent (-¥ 29), September 30, 1904; ( ¥ We September 24, 1904, J. Dunbar, be 28, 1905. | | "A Crataegus xanthophylla n. sp. Leaves broadly ovate, acuminate, rounded or cuneate at the entire or glandular base, sharply doubly serrate, with straight glandular teeth, and divided above the middle into 3 or 4 small acuminate lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then thin, light yellow-green and roughened above by short De ee ee ee ee Co ek ? : } REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 49 white hairs and pale blue-green and glabrous below, and at maturity thick and firm to subcoriaceous, glabrous, smooth and dark yellow- green on the upper surface, pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 6-8 cm long and 5-7 cm wide, with stout yellow midribs and 4 or 5 pairs of slender primary veins; petioles stout, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular, with minute persistent glands, often rose color in the autumn, 2—3.5 cm in length. Flowers 1.5 cm in diame- ter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in compact usually 5—7-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes short and broad, acuminate, glabrous, coarsely glandular serrate above the middle, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 10; anthers red; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a broad ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening early in October, on stout drooping dark red glabrous pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, orange-red, slightly pruinose, marked by small pale dots, I-1.2 cm long; calyx little enlarged, with a broad shallow cavity, and spreading persistent glabrous lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; nutlets 3 or 4, acute at the ends, ridged on the back, with a narrow ridge, dark colored, 7-8 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A shrub 5-6 m high, with numerous slender spreading stems cov- ered with pale gray bark, small ascending branches, and slender - slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets, dark orange-green and marked by small pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming bright red-brown the following year, and armed oe a 7 slender shining spines 2.5-3 cm long. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (.¥1, type), October 6, 1902, ey 26, 1906. Crataegus implicata n. sp. Leaves ovate to oval, acuminate and short-pointed at the apex, rounded and cuneate at the entire base, finely often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes ; nearly fully grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then yellow-green and slightly roughened above by scattered white hairs, and at maturity mem- branaceous, dark bluish green and smooth on the upper surface, pale blue-green on the lower surface, 3.5-4.5 cm long and 3-4 _cem wide, with thin midribs, and slender primary veins; petioles very slender, sparingly glandular through the season, 1-2.5 cm in length; stipules linear to linear-falcate, glandular-serrate, fading brown, persistent; leaves on vigorous shoots subcoriaceous, broadly ovate, 50 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM more deeply lobed, often 5 cm long and wide, with foliaceous lunate coarsely serrate persistent stipules. Flowers 1.3-1.5 cm in diameter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in very compact mostly 5- or 6-flow- ered corymbs, with linear glandular bracts and bractlets ; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acuminate, nearly entire, red and glandular at the apex, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-8; anthers dark rose color ; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the . base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening at the end of September, on short dark red pedicels, in usually 1—3-fruited drooping clusters, subglobose to ovate, pruinose, marked by many small pale dots, 1-3 cm long, I-1.1 cm in diameter ; calyx prominent, with a:-short tube, a small deep cavity, and spreading minutely serrate persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thick, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 3 or 4, narrowed and acute at the ends or rounded at the base, rounded or slightly ridged on the back, with a low ridge, light colored, 6-7 mm long, and 4 mm wide. A thin intricately branched shrub sometimes 4 m high, with ir- regularly spreading stems covered at the base with dark gray bark, and slender glabrous branchlets dark orange-green tinged with red when they first appear, becoming in their first season bright chestnut- brown, lustrous and marked by numerous dark lenticels, dull gray- brown the following year, and armed with many straight purplish shining ultimately dull gray-brown spines 4-6 cm long and very numerous and branched on old stems. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥ 39, type), May 28 and September 26, 1905. Crataegus promissa n. sp. Leaves oblong-ovate, acuminate, gradually narrowed and con- cave-cuneate at the entire or glandular base, sharply doubly serrate above, with straight or incurved glandular teeth, and deeply divided into 4-6 pairs of slender acuminate lobes; about one third grown when the flowers open the first of June and then thin, yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs, and at maturity thin, glabrous, dark blue-green and smooth on the upper surface and pale blue-green on the lower surface, 5-5.8 cm long and 4-7 cm wide, with slender yellow midribs, and thin primary veins arching to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, wing-margined at the apex, sparingly glandular through the season, 4-4.5 cm in length; stipules linear-obovate, glandular, fading brown, caducous; leaves on vigor- ous shoots thick, cuneate at the base, coarsely serrate, deeply lobed, 4 nse th 8 yew Le it re pd lA eee } Oe ee ee ee) ee ee oe ye eee ee Te se er La ee ay le Ue ' . pon Se eae ee ee Ue ae Pe — a ‘ REPORT OF THE STATE ,BOTANIST 1907 5I sometimes 8-g cm long and 7-8 cm wide, with broadly winged petioles and foliaceous lunate coarsely serrate persistent stipules. Flowers 1.6 cm in diameter, on slender elongated glabrous pedicels, in broad lax many-flowered corymbs, with linear to oblong-obovate glandular caducous bracts and bractlets; calyx-tube narrowly ob- conic, glabrous, the lobes long, narrow, acuminate, entire or slightly dentate below the middle, glabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-7; anthers pink; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a broad ring of long white hairs. Fruit ripening at the end of September, on long slendér drooping pedicels, in many-fruited clusters, oblong- obovate, tapering at the long base, crimson, lustrous, I-1.2 cm long and 7-8 mm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a small shallow cavity, and reflexed often closely appressed elongated narrow lobes; flesh thin, dry and mealy; nutlets 3 or 4, rounded at the base, acute at thet apex, only slightly ridged on the back, 8-g mm long, and about 4 mm wide. : A shrub 3-4 m high, with numerous stems covered with dark gray scaly bark, ascending branches, and slender zigzag glabrous branchlets bright orange-green more or less tinged with purple when they first appear, becoming light chestnut-brown and marked by large pale lenticels in their first season and pale gray-brown the following year, and armed with slender slightly curved light chest- nut-brown shining spines 4-5 cm long, often pointing to the base of the branch, and compound and persistent on old stems. Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar, ( ® 4, type), May 21 and September, 1903, June 1, 1904; J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent ( ® 19), September 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 28, 1905, J. Dunbar (® 30), September 27, 1905, May 28, 1906. Crataegus strigosa n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate and long pointed at the apex, cuneate at the entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight gland- ular teeth, and divided into 5 or 6 pairs of small acuminate spread- ing lateral lobes; more than half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then membranaceous, yellow-green and rough- ened above by short rigid white hairs and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity thin, yellow-green and scabrate on the upper sur- face and light yellow-green on the lower surface, 4-5 cm long and 3.5-4 cm wide, with stout midribs, and 5 or 6 pairs of prominent primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular throughout the season, 2-2.5 cm in length. Flowers 52 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM I.5 cm in diameter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in 5-8-, usually 5—6-flowered compact corymbs, the lowest peduncle generally from the axis of an upper leaf; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes small, acuminate, entire or slightly glandular, glabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 7-10; anthers purple; styles 3-5, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale hairs. Fruit ripen- ing early in October, on stout reddish drooping or spreading pedi- cels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, scarlet, lustrous, marked by occasional dark dots, 1.3-1.4 cm long, I-I.1 cm in diameter; calyx little enlarged, without a tube, with a narrow deep cavity, and small spreading or closely appressed persistent lobes, dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 3-5, narrowed and rounded at the ends or acute at the apex, ridged on the back, with a broad rounded or grooved ridge, light colored, 6-7 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A shrub 3-4 m high, with stout stems covered with dark scaly bark, ascending branches, and slender somewhat zigzag glabrous branchlets dark olive-green tinged with red when they first appear, becoming light chestnut-brown, lustrous and marked by many small dark lenticels in their first season, and armed with slender slightly curved light chestnut-brown shining spines 3-6 cm long. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (X 20, type), September 30, 1904 and May 28, 1905. Crataegus barryana n. sp. Leaves broadly ovate, rounded or abruptly cuneate at the wide base, sharply doubly serrate, with straight glandular teeth, and very slightly divided into 4-6 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open about the 20th of May and then thin, dark yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dull yellow-green, scabrate and lustrous on the upper surface, glaucous on the lower surface, 6-8 cm long and 5-7 cm wide, with slender midribs, and thin primary veins extending ob- liquely to the points of the lobes; turning yellow in the autumn; petioles slender, narrowly wing-margined at the apex, slightly villose on the upper side while young, becoming glabrous, sparingly glandular, with persistent glands, 3-5 cm in length; leaves on vig- orous shoots rounded or slightly cordate at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, often 8-9 cm long and broad. Flowers 2 cm in diameter, on stout glabrous pedicels, in compact mostly 7-10-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly ob- eingiplitgs dad nt xn. OO ‘ - a ae ae ee ei iT ; REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 53 conic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acuminate, entire or sparingly dentate, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 7-10; anthers purple; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the middle of October, on stout erect or spreading reddish pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, full and rounded at the apex, abruptly narrowed at the rounded base, crimson, marked by small pale dots, pruinose, about. 1.8 cm long and 1.5 cm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a narrow shallow cavity, and spreading persistent lobes villose above and dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thick, dark yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets usually 3, narrowed and rounded at the ends, prominently ridged on the back, with a broad grooved ridge, 7-8 mm long, and about 5 mm wide. A shrub 4-5 m high, with small spreading or ascending branches covered with dark scaly bark and forming an open irregular head, and slender glabrous branchlets dark orange-brown and marked by numerous pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming dull red- brown in their first season and light gray-brown the following year, and armed with slender slightly curved light red-brown spines 3.5-4 cm long, long persistent and often becoming branched on old stems. 3 : : Rochester, common in moist heavy soil, J. Dunbar ( ¥ 37, type), October 14, 1902, May 20, 1903. At the suggestion of Mr Dunbar this species is named for William C. Barry of Rochester, whose practical knowledge and business ability have been powerful in advancing horticulture in America. Crataegus foliata n. sp. Leaves crowded, ovate-oblong, acuminate, rounded or concave- cuneate at the base, coarsely doubly serrate, and slightly divided > into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes; more than half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then mem- branaceous, yellow-green, slightly roughened above by short white hairs and glabrous below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, glabrous, smooth, yellow-green on the upper surface and paler on the lower surtace, 5-7 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, with stout yellow mid- ribs and slender primary veins; petioles stout, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular while young, often rose color in the autumn, 2.5-3 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots rounded or cordate at the broad base, coarsely serrate, more deeply lobed, 6-7 cm long 54 = NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM and broad, with short stqut conspicuously glandular petioles. Flow- ers I.5—1.6 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous pedicles, in broad — lax usually 8-12-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes stout, broad, acuminate, slightly serrate usually only above the middle, glabrous on the outer, sparingly villose on the — inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 7-10; anthers dark rose color; styles usually 3. Fruit ripening early in October, on long slender red drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, crimson, lustrous, marked by numerous small pale dots, I-1.2 cm long and 8-10 mm wide; calyx prominent, with a narrow deep cavity, and spreading or slightly appressed persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 3, narrowed and acute at the ends or rounded at the base, prominently ridged on the back, with a broad doubly grooved ridge, dark colored, 6-7 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A leafy shrub 3-4 m high, with ascending tortuous stems covered with dark scaly bark, stout glabrous branchlets purple and marked by large pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light chest- nut-brown and lustrous in their first season and light reddish brown the following year, and armed with stout straight or slightly curved bright chestnut-brown and shining ultimately dull gray-brown spines 1.5-4 cm. long. | | Niagara Falls, J Dunbar and C. S. Sargent ( X 20, type, and 27): September 16, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 28, 1905. Crataegus cruda n. sp. st Leaves ovate, acuminate, rounded or abruptly or gradually nar- rowed and cuneate at the entire base, sharply doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided often only above the middle into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open during the last week of May and then membranaceous, yellow-green and scabrate above and paler and glabrous below, and at maturity thin but firm in tex- ture, yellow-green, smooth, glabrous, 5-6 cm long and 4-4.5 cm wide; petioles very slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glabrous, 2.5-3 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots coarsely serrate, more deeply lobed, Sydnee narrowed below into broad- winged petioles, often 9-10 cm long and 6-7 cm wide. Flowers 1.2-1.4 cm in diameter, on very slender glabrous pedicels, in long- branched lax usually 7—10-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes long, slender, acuminate, usually entire, i A 4 - E: 3 t. “ wl 4 REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 55 glabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-8; anthers pale pink; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a broad ring of pale tomen- tum. Fruit ripening at the end of September, on slender drooping red pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, scarlet, lustrous, marked by small pale dots, 1.2-1.5 cm long and about 1 cm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a wide shallow cavity, and spreading and appressed persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thick, yellow, sweet and juicy; nutlets 3 or 4, acute at the ends, slightly ridged or grooved on the back, about 7 mm long, and 3 mm wide. A shrub 3-4 m high, with dark gray stems, and stout zigzag glabrous branchlets dark orange-green when they first appear, be- coming dark chestnut-brown or orange-brown and marked with numerous small dark lenticels in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with very stout straight or slightly curved light red-brown shining spines 4-6 cm land and branched and persistent on old stems. Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar ( 31, type), September 27, igo5, and May 28, 1906. Crataegus inusitula n. sp. Leaves broadly ovate, acuminate and long pointed at the apex, rounded or abruptly concave-cuneate at the broad entire base, coarsely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided usually only above the middle into 3 or 4 pairs of short broad acuminate lobes; tinged with red when they unfold, not more than one third grown when the flowers open about the first of June and then bluish green and roughened above by short white hairs and pale and slightly villose in the axils of the veins below, and at maturity subcoriaceous, dark blue-green, smooth or scabrate on the upper surface, pale blue-green and glabrous on the lower surface; 4-7 cm long and 2.5—5 cm wide, with thin yellow midribs and 3 or 4, usually 3 pairs of slender primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, sparingly hairy on the upper side while young, becoming glabrous, glandular, with minute persistent glands, 1.5-3.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots thicker, rounded at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, often 7-8 cm long and 6-7 cm wide. Flowers 1.5 cm in diameter, on long slender sparingly villose pedicels, in compact mostly 5-—7-flowered corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves ; calyx- tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from wide bases, short, acuminate, entire or irregularly dentate, glabrous, 56 NEW YURK STATE MUSEUM reflexed after anthesis; stamens Io, filaments persistent on the fruit; anthers yellow; styles 3 or 4, densely coated with white hairs from the base nearly to the middle, surrounded by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening at the end of September, on slender still slightly hairy pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, short- oblong, full and rounded at the ends or slightly narrowed at the apex, dull: greenish red, pruinose, marked by large pale dots, about I cm in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with a deep narrow cavity, and spreading lobes, their tips incurved and often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 3 or 4, nar- rowed and rounded at the ends or acute at the apex, irregularly grooved or occasionally slightly ridged on the back, 6-7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub, with slender nearly straight glabrous branchlets, green tinged with red when they first appear, becoming bright chestnut- brown, lustrous and marked by numerous pale lenticels in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with slender slightly curved or straight chestnut-brown shining spines 2.5-3 cm long. In moist soil, Chapinville, Ontario co., J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent (¥ E, type), October 1, 1902, M. S. Baxter, May 30 and September 20, 1903. This and Crataegus delawarensis Sargent are the only species of Pruinosae that have yet been seen with Io stamens and yellow. anthers. From C. delawanrensis it differs age scabrate young leaves and villose pedicels, and from all other species in the dense covering of hairs on the lower part of the styles. IV TENUIFOLIAE Fruit short-oblong to obovate, red or scarlet, lustrous; anthers rose color or pink; leaves thin, hirsute on the upper surface while young. Stamens 10 or less Leaves yellow-green . Leaves glabrous at maturity; pedicels glabrous Fruit usually short-oblong Stamens 10; anthers pink Flowers 1.6 cm in diameter, in wide loose corymbs.......... ay Fee Pete My ee YO Ua © 1 C. slewane Flowers not more than 1.2 cm in diameter, in compact CONYMIDS 5.6 area te ee ne 2 C. boot fegae Stamens 7-10; anthers dark: rose color....... 040. 3 Ce. Svar Fritit, obovate, <). fasnccucs aia Meee ee ee 4 C. colorate Leaves scabrate at maturity; pedicels villose...5 C. rubicunda REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 57 Leaves blue-green Leaves glabrous at maturity Fruit short-oblong Leaves oblong-ovate, deeply lobed, usually only above the inid- Mio Ret omen. 1.4 cm jn lenoth.... 0.0.00: 2.4. G 7G... OG abd Leaves broadly ovate, laterally lobed; fruit generally not more EADS TAC PEST ES 131 Cpe ana a eee a 7 Gin Oe Re oat ieeaves oval, only ‘slightly lobed... ....620..% S Ceo Se ita eis erie oMOVate. o.oo. oye bea tk Neh # curnp ites CAX o- Ca. ten ailoba eaves seaprate at anaturity <2... 53 ...5. 06. fOr St ore eer are Stamens 20 Leaves broadly ovate; flowers in compact corymbs; fruit short-oblong, in STEP) GLEE cee epee eee haere oan Lit Gr CoO mner ha Leaves oblong-ovate; flowers in wide long-branched corymbs; fruit obovate, eaMUMOIRIE CHISEELG. 560s. oo eee ce dow cele ease dee ee oo 12:C; bunrinosa Crataegus slavini n. sp. Leaves oblong-ovate, acuminate, broad and rounded or gradually narrowed and cuneate at the base, finely doubly serrate, with straight glandular teeth, and divided into 5-8 pairs of widespreading often incurved acuminate lateral lobes; nearly half grown when the flow- ers open about the 25th of May and then thin, yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, bright yellow-green, smooth and lustrous on the upper surface and pale and glaucous on the lower surface, 4.5-7 cm long and 4-5.5 cm wide, with stout midribs and slender primary veins arching obliquely to the points of the lobes ; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandu- lar, with minute persistent glands, 2-3 cm in length; leaves on vig- orous shoots thin, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, more deeply lobed, often 6-7 cm long and 5-6 cm wide. Flowers 1.5-1.6 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous pedicels, in wide lax, mostly 8-10-flowered corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes abruptly narrowed from broad_ bases, slender, acuminate, entire or occasionally obscurely dentate, glabrous, reddish, reflexed after anthesis; stamens I0; anthers pink; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of matted pale hairs. Fruit ripening from the first to the middle of October and persistent after the fall of the leaves, on slender reddish pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, short-oblong or slightly obovate, somewhat angled, bright orange-red, lustrous, marked by numerous small pale dots, . I.2-1.4 cm long, and about I cm wide; calyx prominent, with a ; narrow deep cavity, and spreading and slightly incurved lobes, dark 58 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM red on the upper side below the middle, their tips often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thick, yellow, sweet and succulent; nut- lets 3 or 4, narrowed at the ends, acute at the apex, prominently ridged on the back, with a broad deeply grooved ridge, 6-7 mm long, and 4 mm wide. A shrub 3-4 m high, with erect intricately branched stems covered with pale gray bark and spreading into broad thickets, and slender nearly straight glabrous branchlets, dark orange color and marked by many pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming dull reddish brown in their first season and dark gray-brown the following year, and armed with straight or slightly curved chestnut-brown shining spines 3-4 cm long. Brighton near Rochester, B. H. Slavin ( ¥* 1, type, and 4), October 12, 1903, May 24, 1904. ' This species is named for Bernard Henry Slavin of Seneca park, Rochester, for many years a diligent and careful studert and col- lector of Crataegus in western New York. Crataegus boothiana n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate and often long pointed at the apex, rounded at the base, finely often doubly serrate, with straight slender glandular teeth, and divided into 5 or 6 pairs of acuminate spreading lobes ; tinged with red when they unfold, nearly half grown when the flowers open about the 2oth of May and then membranaceous, yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity thin, light yellow-green, glabrous and lustrous on the upper surface and pale bluish green on the lower surface, 5-6 cm long and 4—4.5 cm wide, with slender midribs, and thin primary veins extending obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glabrous, glandular, with occasional minute scattered often persistent glands, 1-2.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots rounded or often- cordate at the broad base, deeply lobed, with stout winged conspicuously glandular petioles. Flowers about 1.2 cm in diameter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in compact mostly 8—10-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acuminate, entire or slightly toothed near the base, glabrous, red above the middle, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 10; filaments persistent on the fruit; anthers pink;. styles 3, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the middle of September, on short reddish pedicels, in few-fruited drooping REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 59 clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, bright orange- red, lustrous, marked by occasional small pale dots, 1-1.2 cm long and 8-9 mm wide; calyx prominent, with a broad shallow cavity, the lobes elongated, spreading, dark rea on the upper side below the middle, their tips usually deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thin, vellow, slightly juicy; nutlets 3, narrowed and rounded at the base, acute at the apex, ridged on the back, with a narrow high ridge, 5-6 mm long, and 3-4 mm wide. — A shrub 2-2.5 m high, with small erect stems forming an open irregular head, and slender nearly straight glabrous branchlets light green tinged with red when they first appear, becoming dull reddish brown and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with stout or slender nearly straight purplish shining spines 2.5-3 cm long. Wooded banks, near Rochester, J. Dunbar (* 132, type), Sep- tember 8, 1902, May 16 and September 16, 1903; Murray, common, MS. Baxter (#133), October 11, 1902; Filmore, Baxter and Dewing ( ¥ 309), September 4, 1905. At the suggestion of Mr Dunbar this species is named in memory of Charles Miller Booth, M. D. (October 12, 1830-January 30, 1906), a resident of Rochester during nearly the whole of his life and a careful student of the flora of western New York, especially of the mosses and grasses in which he was particularly interested. Crataegus suavis n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, rounded or abruptly concave-cuneate at the entire base, doubly serrate above, with slender glandular teeth, and divided into 5 or 6 pairs of acuminate spreading lateral lobes; tinged with red and roughened above by short white hairs when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then membranaceous, yellow-green, smooth and scabrate above, and at maturity thin, yellow-green, smooth and glabrous on the upper surface and pale on the lower surface, 5.6-7 cm long and 4.5 cm wide, with slender yellow midribs, and thin primary veins arching obliqueiy to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, slightly Wing-margined at the apex, glandular, with persistent glands, 2-2.5 cm long; stipules linear to linear-obovate, glandular, foliaceous and lunate on vigorous shoots, glandular, caducous. Flowers 1.5 cm in diameter, on slender elongated glabrous pedicels, in lax thin branched usually 7-10-flowered corymbs, with linear glandular bracts and bractlets fading brown; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, 60 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM glabrous, the lobes long, slender, acuminate, entire, glabrous, re- flexed after anthesis; stamens 7-9; anthers light rose color; styles 2 or 3, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening from the middle to the end of September, on slender drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends or slightly narrowed toward the base, orange- red, lustrous, marked by small pale dots, 1-1.3 cm long, and 8-9 mm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a deep narrow cavity, and slender closely appressed lobes, their tips often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thick, pale yellow, sweet and juicy; nutlets 2 or 3, grad- ually narrowed and rounded at the ends, ridged on the back, with a low deeply grooved ridge, 7-8 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A shrub sometimes 4 m high, with small erect stems and branches, and slender slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets, dark orange-green deeply. tinged with purple when they first appear, becoming dull reddish-brown and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and light gray-brown the following year, and armed with slender straight purplish spines 2.5-3.5 cm long. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (#9, type), September 29, 1903, June I, 1905, and May 28, 1905; (¥ 18), J] Dunbar, May 28, 1905. Crataegus colorata Sargent Rochester Acad.-Sce Procjs0V. 123-1004): Buffalo, common, J. Dunbar, September 26, 1905, May 28, 1906; Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar, September 28, 1905; also near Rochester, New York. . Crataegus rubicunda Sargent’ Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 121 (1903). Buffalo, J. Dunbar, May 21, 1903, May 28, 1906; also near Rochester, New York. Crataegus ornata Sargent Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 120 (1903). Buffalo, J. Dunbar ( ¥ 42), October 6, 1902, May 28, 1906; also near Rochester, New York. ‘oe 4 oe le a tin —. Pi thegderyd + Cmngran ss REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 61 Crataegus bella n. sp. Leaves. ovate, acuminate, rounded or abruptly cuneate at the broad entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight slender glandular teeth, and divided into 4 or 5 pairs of narrow acuminate spreading lateral lobes; dark red and covered on the upper surface with short white hairs when they first appear, nearly fully grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then membranaceous, light yellow-green and scabrate above and pale below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dark bluish green and very smooth on the upper surface, pale blue-green on the lower surface, 3.5-4.5 cm long and 3-3.5 cm wide, with slender midribs and thin primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular, with large dark glands occasionally persistent during the season, often rose color in the autumn, 1.5—2 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots rounded or slightly cordate-at the base, and usually as broad as long, with stout broad-winged rose colored petioles. Flowers 1.6 cm in diameter, on slender glabrous pedicels, in crowded many-flowered corymbs, with linear bracts and bractlets fading brown; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, elongated, entire or sparingly dentate, glabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens, 10; anthers rose color; styles 3 or 4, sur- roundea at the base by a narrow ring of pale hairs. Fruit very showy, in wide many-fruited erect or spreading clusters, full and rounded at the ends or slightly narrowed from below the middle to the base, scarlet, lustrous, marked by many small pale dots, about I cm long and 8-9 mm wide; calyx prominent, with a broad deep cavity, and spreading or slightly incurved persistent lobes red on the upper side toward the base; flesh thick, yellow, sweet and juicy; nutlets 3 or 4, narrowed and acute at the ends, ridged on the back, with a broad doubly grooved ridge 7-8 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub 3-4 m high, with stout ascending tortuous stems, small - spreading branches, and slender zigzag branchlets dark purple and puberulous when they first appear, soon glabrous, becoming bright * chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season and dull gray- brown the following year, and armed with stout straight or slightly | curved bright chestnut-brown shining ultimately dull gray-brown spines 2.5—3.5 cm long. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥* 24, type), September 24, 1904, May 28, 1905. 62 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Crataegus genialis Sargent Rhodora V. 148 (1903). Buffalo, a Dunbar and C. S. Sargent (* 18), September 24, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 21, 1905 ; also eastern New York and west- ern Massachusetts. Crataegus tenuiloba Sargent Rochester Acad. Sic. Pree. IV. 122 (1903). . Buffalo, J. Dunbar ( ® 19 and 30), September 30, 1904, May 28, 1905; also near Rochester, N. Y. Crataegus streeterae Sargent Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 119. (1903). Buffalo, J. Dunbar, May 28, 1906; Niagara Falls, ge aa 1905, May 28, 1906; also at Rochester, N. Y. Crataegus conferta n. sp. Leaves broadly ovate, acuminate or rounded and short pointed at the apex, rounded or slightly cordate at the entire base, finely serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 3 or 4 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes; tinged with red and covered above with soft white hairs when they unfold, nearly fuily grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then membranaceous, light yellow-green and scabrate above, and at maturity thin, grabrous, yellow-green and smooth on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 3-4 cm long and 3-3.5 cm wide, with comparatively stout midribs, and 4 or 5 pairs of thin primary veins ; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandu- lar throughout the season, 1.5—1.8 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots somewhat thickened, cuneate at the base, more coarsely ser- rate, more deeply lobed, and often 5-6 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, with stout shorter broadly winged petioles. Flowers 1.8 cm in diam- eter, on short glabrous pedicels, in very compact crowded usually 7-8-flowered showy corymbs, with linear glandular bracts and bractlets ; calyx-tube broadly obconic, the lobes slender, elongated, entire or sparingly dentate, glabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20; filaments persistent on the ripe fruit; anthers rose color; styles 3, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum, I[*ruit ripening at the end of September, on short stout REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 63 reddish pedicels, in compact few-fruited erect clusters, short-oblong, slightly narrowed from the middle to the ends, orange-red, lustrous, marked by small pale dots, about 1.2 cm long and 8 mm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a deep narrow cavity, and small closely ap- pressed persistent lobes bright red on the upper side; flesh thick, yellow, dry and sweet; nutlets 3, narrowed and acute at the ends or broader and rounded at the base, rounded and only slightly ridged on the back, about 7 mm long, and 4 mm wide. A shrub 3-4 m high, with small ascending stems, and slender nearly straight branchlets dark orange-green more or less tinged with purple and puberulous when they first appear, soon glabrous, becoming bright chestnut-brown, lustrous, and marked by numer- ous small dark lenticles in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with stout straight or slightly curved chestnut-brown shining spines 2-3 cm long. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥* 10, type), May 28 and: September 26, 1905; J. Dunbar ( ¥ 37), May 28, 1905. Crataegus luminosa n. sp. Leaves oblong-ovate, acuminate, rounded, truncate or rarely cu- neate at the entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate lateral lobes; deeply tinged with red and covered on the upper surface with soft white hairs and glabrous below when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then yellow-green and scabrate above, and at maturity thin, glabrous, smooth and yellow-green on the upper surface, pale on the lower surface, 5-6 cm long and 3.5—4.5 cm wide, with slender yellow micribs and thin primary veins extending to the points of - the lobes; petioles very slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular throughout the season, often tinged with rose color in the autumn, 2-3 cm in length; stipules linear, glandular, fading brown, caducous; leaves on vigorous shoots long-pointed, cordate at the base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed. Flowers 1.8 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous pedicels, in wide long- branched usually 8—-1o-flowered corymbs, the lowest peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes short, slender, sparingly dentate near the middle, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthe- gis; petals reflexed; stamens 20; anthers dark red; styles 5, sur- rounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. | Fruit 64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ripening early in September and soon falling, on stout red pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, obovate, rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed from above the middle to the base, dark crim- son, lustrous, marked by many small pale dots; calyx little enlarged, with a deep narrow cavity, the lobes usually deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thick, yellow, soft and juicy; nutlets 5, thin, rounded at the base, gradually narrowed and acute at the apex, slightly grooved on the back, about 7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub sometimes 5 m high, with numerous ashy gray stems, © small ascending and spreading branches, and slender slightly zigzag branchlets, dark orange-green deeply tinged with purple when they first appear, becoming in their first season light chestnut-brown, lustrous and marked by many small pale lenticels, and dull gray- brown the following year, and armed with stout slightly curved chestnut-brown or purplish spines 3-4 cm long. Low wet wvuods, Buffalo, J. Dunbar (* 36, type), ee 28 and September 26, 1905. V MOLLES Fruit subglobose to obovate, scarlet, pubescent at the ends; flesh thick and succulent; nutlets 3-5, narrowed at the ends, usually slightly ridged; corymbs hairy; leaves thin, broad, cuneate or rounded at the base; stamens 15-20; anthers rose color. Crataegus radians n. sp. Leaves oval to ovate, acuminate, concave-cuneate or rounded at the often unsymmetrical glandular base, sharply doubly serrate above, with stfaight glandular teeth, and divided often only above the middle into 6 or 7 pairs of slender acuminate spreading lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open about the 2oth of May and then thin, light yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and villose below, and at maturity thin, yellow-green and scabrate on the upper surface, paler and coated below on the slender midribs and primary veins with matted white hairs, 6-8.5 cm long and 4-5 cm wide; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, villose, 2.5-3.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots rounded or truncate at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, often 9-10 cm long and 8-9 cm wide, with slender glandular petioles. Flowers 1.7-1.9 cm in diameter, on slender villose pedicels, in wide lax 5-16-flowered hairy corymbs, with linear-obovate to linear glandular bracts and ei Mn hag Bi 6 Ns» sae REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 65 bractlets fading brown and mostly persistent until the flowers open; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, thickly coated with long white hairs, the lobes gradually narrowed from wide bases, slender, acuminate, entire or minutely and irregularly glandular serrate, glabrous. on the outer, sparingly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 15-20, usually 20; anthers dark rose color; styles 4 or 5, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of long white hairs. Fruit ripening from the 20th to the end of September, on stout villose reddish pedicels, in few- fruited drooping clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends or obovate and slightly narrowed at the base, crimson, lustrous, puberulous at the ends, marked by large pale dots; calyx little en- larged, with a deep narrow cavity, and slender spreading recurved usually persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle ; flesh thin, juicy, dark yellow; nutlets 4 or 5, gradually narrowed and acute at the ends or rounded at the base, rounded and grooved or irregularly ridged on the back, 6-7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. An arborescent shrub 7-8 m high, with stout spreading stems covered with light gray scaly bark, small spreading and ascending branches forming an open irregular head, and slender slightly zig- zag branchlets, covered when they first appear with long matted white hairs, light red or orange-brown, pubescent and marked by pale lenticels in their first season, darker colored and glabrous the following year and ultimately ashy gray, and armed with slender nearly straight chestnut-brown shining spines 4.5-5 cm long. Low moist woods, Rochester (Knickerbocker woods), Baxter and Dewing (* 302, type), October 10, 1904, May 21 and September 24, 1905, J. Dunbar, May 21, 1905. VI FLABELLATAE Fruit short-oblong to oval or obovate, scarlet, lustrous, 1.5—2 cm long; flesh succulent; nutlets 3-5, grooved and occasionally ridged on the back; leaves large, thin, ovate to-oblong, more or less acutely lobed; anthers rose color or pink. Stamens 20 Leaves broadly ovate, glabrous above at maturity; fruit obovate........... -, SS USAR eye a ae eg Bee (ee dae Bett ae leK IS Coe AG DMA WA Leaves oblong-ovate, scabrate above at maturity; fruit short-oblong....... a ee Meee a BOE es cee Ce te PAs Te Te (aia MO rsa Stamens: 10 . Anthers pink; leaves ovate, glabrous above at maturity; fruit obovate...... IRR nt an oe we RSL Rosaria Say a ete hw or tirta nia 66 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Anthers rose color; leaves broadly ovate, scabrate above at maturity; fruit shoroblone..a4- nse eee ee ee eee 4 C. pedieellata Stamens 7—-I0 Flowers 2.4 cm in diameter, on slightly villose pedicels, in broad 10-15-flowered corymbs; anthers pale pink; fruit short-oblong, truncate at the apex, often unsymmetrical and mammillate at the DaSO.< 3 SR Le ER A a reer een ae ae ae .o-5 Clg eee Flowers not more than 1.5 cm in diameter, on densely villose pedi- cels, in compact 8-10-flowered corymbs; anthers dark rose color; fruit’ sibelopase-t0..0ual~. 32-04, eae woe oe eee 6. Co seju mete Stamens 5-7, ustially -5 Leaves oval to. ovate, light yellow-green; flowers cup-shaped, on glabrous or slightly villose pedicels; fruit oblong to oval.......... ater iia Bona wd piney Sele a sega acaba ney Soa are lao Sips Ainley srr Leaves oblong-ovate, dark yellow-green; flowers not cup-shaped; ped- icels densely villose; fruit short-oblong.......... 8 C.acclivis Crataegus dayana n. sp. Leaves broadly ovate, acuminate, abruptly concave-cuneate or rounded at the entire or glandular base, sharply doubly serrate, with slender glandular teeth, and divided into 6 or 7 pairs of narrow acuminate spreading lateral lopes; when they unfold tinged with rose color and coated with soft white hairs more abundant on the lower than on the upper surface, nearly two thirds grown when the flowers open the last week of May and then very thin, yellow-green’ and scabrate above and pale and slightly hairy along the midribs and veins below, with short sometimes persistent hairs, and at ma- turity thin, dark yellow-green, smooth and glabrous on the upper surface, pale on the lcwer surface, 8-10 cm long and 7-9 cm wide, with stout midribs, and primary veins arching to the point of the lobes; petioles slender, wing-margined at the apex, slightly villose while young, becoming glabrous, rose colored in the autumn, 3-4 cm in length; stipules linear, only slightly glandular, fading brown, caducous; leaves on vigorous shoots thicker, cordate at the broad base, very coarsely serrate, more deeply lobed and often 10-11 cm long and wide, with stout glandular red petioles 2-2.5 cm in length, and foliaceous lunate glandular serrate deciduous stipules. Flowers 2—2.2 cm in diameter, on long stout -slightly hairy pedicels, in wide lax long-branched usually 10-14 flowered corymbs, the lower ped- uncles from the axils of upper leaves ; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from broad bases, long, acuminate, coarsely glandular serrate above the middle, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after an- REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 67 thesis ; stamens 20; anthers pink; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening from the first to the middle of September and soon falling, on long stout glabrous reddish drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, full and rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed from above the middle to the base and sometimes decurrent on the pedicel, crimson, lustrous, marked by many small pale dots; calyx prominent, with a wide very deep cavity, and spreading and incurved coarsely serrate persistent lobes dark red on the upper side toward the base; flesh thick, dark yellow, juicy and edible; nutlets 3 or 4, acute at the ends, ridged on the back, with a narrow high ridge, 7-8 mm long, and about 5 mm wide. A tree sometimes 5 m high, with a trunk occasionally 3 dm in diameter, covered with ashy gray bark, spreading horizontal branches forming a compact shapely head, and slender slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets dark orange-green deeply tinged with purple when they first appear, becoming bright chestnut-brown, very lustrous and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with slender nearly straight bright chestnut-brown shining spines 3.5-4.5 cm long; or an arborescent shrub, with numerous small stems. Battalo, j. Wunbar and C. S. Sargent (* 7, type), September. 24, 1904, J. Dunbar, May 28, 1905. This handsome tree is named im memory of David Fisher Day (June 11, 1829-August 21, 1901), the author with Judge Clinton, of A Catalogue of the Native and Naturalized Plants of the City of Buffalo and its Vicinity (1883), and of A Catalogue of the Flowering and Fern-like Plants growing without Cultivation in the Vicinity of the Falls of Niagara (1888). Crataegus limosa n. sp. Leaves oblong-ovate, acuminate, concave-cuneate or gradually narrowed and rounded at the entire base, coarsely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided often only above the middle into 6 or 7 narrow acuminate lobes; more than half grown when the flowers open from the 15th to the 2oth of May and then very thin, bright green and roughened above by short white hairs and pale bluish green and glabrous below, and at ma- turity thin, dark yellow-green and scabrate on the upper surface and pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 6-8 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, with stout orange colored midribs, and thin primary veins ex- 68 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM + tending obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, narrowly wing-margined at the apex, slightly hairy on the upper side while young, soon glabrous, occasionally minutely glandular, 1.5-2.5 | : : cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots more deeply lobed and often 8-9 cm long and 6-6.5 cm wide. Flowers 1.8 cm in diameter, on long slender slightly hairy pedicels, in mostly 8-10-flowered compact thin-branched corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, elongated, minutely glandular-dentate, glabrous on the outer, pubes- cent on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20-25; anthers red; styles 2-4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the end of September, on stout nearly glabrous reddish pedicels, in few-fruited drooping clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, crimson, lustrous, marked by large pale dots, 1-1.2 cm long and 8-10 mm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a deep narrow cavity, and spreading reflexed lobes red below the middle on the upper side and often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thick, yellow, sweet and succulent; nutlets 2, nar- rowed and rounded at the ends or acute at the apex, ridged on the back, with a high often doubly grooved ridge, about 7 mm long, and 4 mm wide. oe An arborescent shrub 5-7 m high, with widespreading stems often 2 dm in diameter and 1 m long covered with gray scaly bark, small drooping branches, forming a wide irregular open head, and slender zigzag glabrous branchlets dark orange-yellow and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light chestnut- brown and lustrous in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with few slender slightly curved chest- nut-brown shining spines 3—4 cm long. In the dense shade of thick woods, Hagaman’ s swamp near Roch- ester, J. Dunbar (¥ QQ), October 12, 1901, September 26, 1903, May 19 and September 26, 1902. Crataegus letchworthiana n. sp. Leaves ovate, acute or acuminate, concave-cuneate or rounded at the broad entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided usually only above the middle into 3 or 4 pairs of small spreading acuminate lobes; slightly tinged with red when they unfold, nearly half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then thin, yellow-green and covered above by soft white hairs and pale and slightly villose along the midribs and veins below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, ee se. eS i REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 69 yellow-green, smooth and glabrous on the upper surface, still slightly hairy along the slender yellow midribs- and primary veins on the lower surface, 5-6 cm long and 4-5 cm wide; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, hairy along the upper side when young, becoming nearly glabrous, glandular, with minute persistent glands, 1.5-2.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots rounded or slightly cordate at the base, long-pointed, more coarsely serrate, deeply aivided into spreading or incurved lateral lobes, and 6-7 cm long and broad. Flowers 2 cm in diameter, on long slender slightly hairy pedicels, in broad rather compact mostly 10-15-flowered corymbs; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acuminate, finely glandular serrate below the middle, glabrous on ‘the outer, pubescent on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 10; anthers pink; styles 2-4. Fruit ripening early in September, on glabrous reddish pedicels, in drooping many-fruited clusters, obovate and rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed at the base, scarlet, lustrous, marked by many small pale dots, 1.2-1.3 cm long and 1I-1.1 cm in diameter ; calyx little enlarged, with a wide shallow cavity, and spreading often persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle and slightly hairy above; flesh thick, yellow, sweet and juicy; nutlets 2-4, narrowed and rounded at the ends, or acute at the apex, prominently and irregularly ridged on the back, with a broad deeply grooved ridge or rounded and slightly grooved on the back, 7-8 mm long, and 5-6 mm wide. A tree 8-10 m high, with a trunk often 3 dm in diameter, spread- ing and ascending branches forming a broad round-topped sym- metrical head, and slender glabrous branchlets orange-green and slightly tinged with red when they first appear, becoming dull light chestnut-brown and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and light gray-brown and rather lustrous the following year. Meadows near Portage, Baxter and Dewing (* 249), September 7, 1904 and May 29, 1905. This beautiful tree is named for the distinguished philanthropist, William P. Letchworth of Buffalo, for a long time chairman of the State Board of Charities of New York, on whose farm at Portage I saw it in the autumn of 1904. Ss: Crataegus pedicellata Sargent Bot. Gazette, XXXI. 226 (1901) ; Silva N. Am. XIII, 101, t. 677; Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 116; Man. 448, f.. 365. Buffalo, J. Dunbar, September 26, 1905, May 28, 1906; abundant through Monroe and Ontario counties, New York. 70 | NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Crataegus gloriosa n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, gradually narrowed and rounded or abruptly concave-cuneate at the entire base, coarsely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 4 or 5 pairs of stout acuminate spreading lateral lobes; more than halt grown when the flowers open’ from the 2oth to the end of May and then yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and paler and slightly hairy along the midribs and primary veins below, and at maturity thin, slightly convex, dark green and scabrate on | the upper surface, pale yellow-green and often still slightly hairy on the thin yellow midribs and primary veins below, 6-8 cm long and 5-7 cm wide; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, sparingly villose on the upper side while young, often becom- ing glabrous, occasionally glandular, 3-4 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots thicker, rounded or abruptly cuneate at the base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, often 10-12 cm long and 9-10 cm wide, with prominent midribs and veins, and stout glandular petioles. Flowers 2.2—-2.4 cm in diameter, on long slender slightly villose pedicels, in wide erect or spreading 10-15-flowered corymbs, with oblong-obovate to linear glandular rose colored bracts and bractlets often persistent until the flowers open; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, tinged with red, the lobes abruptly narrowed from broad bases, large, acuminate, coarsely glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; claws of the petals concave and forming conspicuous cavities; stamens 7-10; anthers light pink; styles 3-5, surrounded at the base by a wide ring of long white hairs. Fruit ripening the middle of September, on stout slightly hairy reddish pedicels, in few-fruited erect or spreading clusters, short-oblong, broad and truncate at the apex, sometimes slightly narrowed below and then often unsymmetrical at the base by the development of a mammillate process adnate to the pedicel, deep crimson, very lus- trous, marked by large pale dots, 1.8-2.2 cm long and 1.5-1.8 cm in diameter; calyx prominent, with a broad deep cavity, and erect and incurved persistent lobes; flesh thick, yellow, sweet, very juicy, of excellent flavor; nutlets 3-5, acute at the apex, rounded and slightly ridged on the back, 6-7 mm long, and 3-4 mm wide A tree often 8-9 m high, with a tall trunk covered with pale close bark, and sometimes 3 dm in diameter, spreading and ascending branches forming a broad symmetrical round-topped head, and patos Se ee ee oe ee allied | 7 i { ; j : j : i : ; 3 REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 7X slender slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets dark orange color and marked by numerous pale lenticels when they first appear, becom- ing light reddish brown and lustrous in their first season and pale orange-brown the following year, and armed with few stout straight or slightly curved chestnut-brown shining spines 3—3.5 cm long. Clay soil near the borders of woods, Rochester, J. Dunbar ( ¥ L, type), May 31, 1901, J. Dunbar and C. S. Sargent, September 27, I9Q0I, September 19, 1902; Rochester (Knickerbocker woods), Baxter and Dewing (X 304), May 21 and September 25, 1905. Formerly referred to Crataegus pedicellata Sargent, the “L” tree of Rochester is distinct from that species in its larger flowers peculiar in the development of sacklike cavities at the base of the petals, by its pink not dark rose colored anthers, by the much larger and more lustrous fruit usually mammillate at the base and ripened 10 to 12 days earlier, and by its convex leaves. In habit, in its large and abundant flowers, and in the large and _ bril- liant abundant fruits, C. gloriosa is not surpassed in beauty by any North American Crataegus. Crataegus sejuncta Sargent N2 Y2 State Mus. Bul. ro5. 62 (1906). Buffalo, J. Dunbar (¥ 34), May 28 and September 30, 1905; also near Albany, New York, and in western New England. Crataegus holmesiana Ashe Jour Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. XVI. pt-11. -78 (1899), Sargent, Bot. Cazeaice om o> Silva. No Am. XIII. 110, t. 676; Rochester Acad. Sete roc. LV. 1143 Man: 449, £. 366. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (* 35), September 30, 1904, May 28, 1905; also near Rochester, New York and eastward to eastern Massa- chusetts and eastern Pennsylvania. Crataegus acclivis Sargent Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 115 (1903); Man. 459, f. 367. Basenra Falls, J. Dunbar, September 28, 1905, May 28, 1906; also near Rochester and Albany, New York. VIL DILATATAE Fruit medium size, subglobose, scarlet; calyx much enlarged; nutlets 5, prominently ridged on the back; corymbs many-flowered ; stamens 20; anthers rose color; leaves thin, on vigorous shoots as ~ broad or broader than long. 72 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Crataegus durobrivensis Sargent Trees and Shrubs 1. 3, t. 2 (1902); Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 114. Sargent and Peck, N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 105. 64 (1906). Niagara Falls, J. Dunbar, September 28, 1905; near Hemlock lake, Livingston co., Henry T. Brown, May and October 1906 ; also near Rochester and Albany, New York. VIILE COCCINEAE Leaves cuneate at the base, subcoriaceous or thin dark green and lustrous above; fruit subglobose, 9-15 mm in diameter. Stamens 5-10 Anthers pale yellow Leaves subcoriaceous; fruit 1I.2-1.5-cm in diameter. <)-.ooeeeeee eee te Me Vee a tye e Wie Flee eb weld wis diele "a eu vin we lore Et ee Leaves thin; fruit usually less than 1 cm in diameter Je seeeeeee Sate CU Cece nae ae ns lip aib spaced Beg Fobra le wom las rr Anthers rose color Leaves thin; jruitja—1.3: Cmte dieimeter sc’. ee 3 C.puberis Stamens, 20; anthers pink; leaves thin; ovate to oval or rhombic.......... 4 C. neo-baxteri Crataegus coccinea Linneus Spec. I. 476 (1753). ‘Sargent, Bot. Gazette XX XI. 14> "Silva eee MILL. 933; te 60355 Mame 450, to475. | Buffalo, J. Dunbar (* 40), May 31, June 12 and September 26, 1905; also on the New England coast and in the valley of the St Lawrence river. Crataegus coccinea var. rotundifolia Sargent Bot. Gazette XXXI. 14 (1900); Silva N. Am. XIII. 134; Man. 460; Acad. Sci Phila: Proce ly. Gas. Buffalo, J. Dunbar (XE), September 25, 1901 ; (9633), Septem- ber 30, 1904 and May 28, 1905; also common from Canada to east- ern Pennsylvania. Crataegus dodgei Ashe Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. XIX. 26 (March 1903). Sargent, Acad. Sci. Phila. Proc. 632 (1905): Rhodora VIl:. 213°" (Cfaeeeeee gravesii Sargent, Rhodora V. 15so (June 1903)). (Crataegus fallens Gruber, Bucks County Nat. Sci. “Club. Proce (October 1903) ). 2 : Buffalo, J. Dunbar (* B), September-25, 1901, May 26 and Octo- ber 6, 1902, ( ¥® 12), September 29, 1903 and June 1, 1904; also from southern Michigan to eastern Massachusetts and eastern — Pennsylvania. — REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 rie Crataegus puberis n. sp. Leaves rhombic to obovate, acuminate, gradually narrowed and concavé-cuneate at the long entire base, finely doubly serrate above, with straight or incurved glandular teeth and slightly divided above the middle into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate lobes; more than half grown when the flowers open from the 2oth to the 25th of May and then thin, dark yellow-green and covered above by soft white . hairs and paler and villose below, and at maturity thin and firm in texture, dark green and glabrous on the upper surface, light yellow- green and nearly glabrous on the lower surface, 4.5-5.5 cm long and 3-4.5 cm wide, with slender slightly villose yellow midribs and veins; petioles slender, broadly wing-margined at the apex, hairy on the upper side, 1.5-3 cm in length. Flowers 1.2-1.3 cm in diam- eter, on slender densely villose pedicels, in compact 5—10-flowered corymbs, with linear glandular bracts and bractlets fading brown and often persistent until the flowers open; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, thickly coated with long matted pale hairs, the lobes slender, acuminate, obscurely glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, sparingly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5—7; anthers dark rose color; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening about the middle of October, on slender slightly villose erect pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the apex, slightly narrowed below, orange-red, lustrous, marked by pale dots, I-1.3 cm long and _g—1o mm in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with a wide shallow cavity, and spreading and erect or recurved lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; nutlets 3 or 4, rounded at the ends, rounded 2nd only slightly grooved on the back, 6-7 mm _— a J 4 ; long, and 4-5 mm wide. A shrub sometimes 6-7 m high, with numerous stout gnarled stems covered with scaly bark, spreading and ascending branches, and slender nearly straight branchlets dark green and coated with matted white hairs when they first appear, becoming light orange color and glabrous during their first season. and dull gray-brown the following year, and -armed with occasional very slender nearly straight orange colored ultimately gray-brown spines I-1.5 cm in length. Borders of swamps and river bottoms in rich alluvial soil, near Belfast, Allegany co., Baxter and Dewing (* 220, type), May 24, September 17 and October 17, 1903. 74 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Crataegus neo-baxteri n. sp. Leaves ovate to oval or rhombic, acuminate, cuneate and often unsymmetrical at the entire base, finely serrate above, with straight or incurved glandular teeth, and slightly divided above the middle into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate lateral lobes; nearly fully grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then thin, yellow- green, smooth and glabrous with the exception of a few hairs along the upper side of the midribs, and at maturity thin but firm in tex- ture, yellow-green, glabrous, 4-4.5 cm long and 2-3.5 cm wide, with slender orange colored midribs and primary veins; petioles very slender, slightly wing-margined and sometimes minutely glandular at the apex, sparingly hairy along the upper side while young, be- coming nearly glabrous, 2-2.5 cm in length. Flowers 1.8-2 cm in diameter, on very long slender glabrous pedicels, in wide lax 7—10- flowered corymbs, with linear glandular caducous bracts and bract- _lets, fading brown; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes slender, acuminate, entire or occasionally obscurely dentate, giabrous, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20, filaments persistent on the ripe fruit; anthers pink; styles 2 or 3, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale hairs. Fruit ripening the end of September, on long very slender spreading reddish pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, rich deep red marked by large pale dots and covered by a thick glaucous bloom, I-1.3 cm — long and nearly as broad; calyx little enlarged, with a wide deep cavity, and spreading and recurved lobes often deciduous from the ripe fruit; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy ;-nutlets 3 or 4, gradually narrowed and rounded at the ends, slightly ridged on the back, 6-7 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A shrub 6-7 m high, with thin stems, spreading branches forming a broad symmetrical head, and slender glabrous branchlets light orange color when they first appear, becoming light chestnut-brown — and lustrous in their first season and light gray-brown the following year, and armed with slender nearly straight red-brown spines 2-3 cm long. Clay banks near Tuscarora, Livingston co., Baxter and Dewing (¥ 251, type), May 30 and September 23, 1905. With this species, described by its discoverers as being “ as orna- mental a species as we know in the genus,” I am glad to associate the name of Mr M. S. Baxter, as the species which I named for him in the Proceedings of the Rochester Academy of Science, volume 4, page 107 was afterward found to have been described a few months € GEM Rt UT a CIN LAD Opa i Be Ah” Sida me le -q=_ REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 75 earlier by Ashe under another name from plants growing in Penn- sylvania. ? IX ANOMALAE Fruit medium size, short-oblong, orange-scarlet ; nutlets occasion- ally furnished with obscure ventral depressions;- leaves usually cuneate at the base, thickish to subcoriaceous, scabrate above while young; petioles slender, elongated; flowers in many-flowered corymbs; anthers rose color or pink. Stamens 20; leaves ovate to oval, divided above the middle into short broad Meee Lite SHOU-ODIOUE . . oS. ck wna ee cece Se chnes tC Deaehytobha Stamens Io Leaves ovate to oval or suborbicular, often rounded at the base, neatly smooth at maturity; fruit subglobose.......2 C. dunbari Leaves oval, scabrate above at maturity; fruit short-oblong.......... Ree eps cid a dea woth wos ets reas ws (3°°O. peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly ob- conic, the lobes long, slender, acuminate, glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 20; anthers. pale rose color; styles 3-5, usually Be: ‘Fruit ripening ie end of September, on ae slender glabrous 104 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM red drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, full and rounded at the apex, abruptly narrowed at the base, scarlet, lustrous, marked by large pale dots, 1-1.2 cm long, and 9-10 mm in diameter ; calyx prominent, with a broad deep cavity, and elongated spreading persistent lobes; flesh thick, yellow, sweet and juicy; nutlets usually 5, thin and acute at the ends, flat and slightly grooved on the back, 6-6.5 mm long, and 4-4.5 mm wide. A narrow shrub 3-4 m high, with small stems covered with pale gray bark, erect branches forming a narrow open head, and stout slightly zigzag branchlets deeply tinged with red when they first appear, becoming light orange-brown, lustrous and marked by numerous pale lenticels in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with few stout slightly curved light chestnut-brown shining spines 2—2.5 cm long. Hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell ( * 49, type), September 28, 1905, May 21 and September 21, 1906. COCCINEAE Crataegus dodgei Ashe Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. XIX. 26 (March 1903). Sargent, Acad. Sci. Phila. -Proc. “632°. (1905): "Rhodora, Vile 21 3- (1605). ; Moist hillsides near Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (#30), Sep- tember 21, 1905, May 26, 1906; also southern Michigan to southern New England. : INTRICATAE Stamens 10; anthers pale yellow Crataegus intricata Lange Bot. Tidskr. XIX. 246 (1894). Sargent, Rhodora III. 28 (1001). Moist hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (* 25), Septem- ber 30, 1905, June 2, 1906, September 1907; also eastern New York and western and southern New England. Crataegus foetida Ashe Ann. Carnegie Mus. I, pt III. 3&8 (1902). Sargent, Acad. Sci. Phila. Proc. 641 (1905); Rhodora VII. 219 (1905). : Moist hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (* 34), October 1, 1905, June 2, 1906, (55) October 8, 1905, June 4, 1906, ( ¥* 98) September 1907; also Genesee valley, New York to western Massa- chusetts and eastern Pennsylvania. Seren le Qt eee id ep ed ahi 4 eh be lewis OG yee. ao fh hd ee OE Oe See ee ee ee ee Te aT = eT Pe ee ee een ae ee ' 7 A f REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 105 Crataegus verecunda Sargent Rochester mead. sci; Proce. IV. 109° (1603): Moist hillsides, near Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell ( ¥ 51), Octo- ber I, 1905, June 2, 1906 ( ¥ 56), October 8, 1905, May 30, 1906; grooved ridge, 7-8 mm long, and 4.5-5 mm wide. also at Rochester and near Albany, N. Y. Crataegus cornellii n. sp. Glabrous with the exception of the hairs on the upper surface of the young leaves. Leaves oval and acuminate at the ends to ovate- acute and abruptly cuneate at the base, finely doubly serrate, with straight glandular teeth, and divided into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate lateral lobes; about half grown when the flowers open late in May or early in June and then very thin, dark yellow-green and slightly hairy above, especially on the midribs and veins, and paler below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dark yellow- green, smooth and glabrous on the upper surface, pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 4-4.5 cm long and 3-4 cm wide, with thin midribs and primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, often rose color in the autumn, I-1.2 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots ovate, truncate at the broad base, deeply 3-lobed by narrow sinuses, the terminal lobe often lobed toward the apex, and 3.5-5.5 cm long and broad, with stouter glandular petioles. Flowers about 1.5 cm in diameter, on short slender pedi- cels, in compact mostly 4-10-flowered simple corymbs, with linear- obovate to linear conspicuously glandular bracts and branchlets fading rose color; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, the lobes broad, acuminate, glandular serrate, often widened and laciniately divided toward the apex, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 10; anthers pale yellow; styles 3-5, usually 3. Fruit. ripening the end of Sep- tember, on short stout erect or spreading pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, rounded at the apex, abruptly narrowed at the base, light orange-yellow, lustrous, marked by small dark dots, I.3-1.4 cm long and 1-1.2 cm in diameter; calyx very prominent, with a short tube, a wide deep cavity, and elongated spreading and appressed persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, yellow, dry and hard; nutlets usually 3, rounded and obtuse at the ends, ridged on the back, with a broad low slightly grooved ridge, 7-8 mm long and 4.5-5 mm wide. 100 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A shrub about 1 m high, with small intricately branched erect stems, and slender nearly straight branchlets deeply tinged with red when they first appear, becoming bright chestnut-brown, lustrous, and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and dull , red brown the following year, and armed with very numerous slender nearly straight chestnut-brown shining spines 5.5-6 cm long. Moist hillsides, Coopers Plains, C. H. Peck (67, type), June 2 and September 21, 1906. I am glad to associate with this distinct and pretty species the name of the industrious and careful student of the thorns which cover the hifls surrounding his home. ae Crataegus modesta Sargent Rhodora III. 28 (1901); Acad. Sci. Phila. Proc. 635 (1905). Moist hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (¥ 39), September 21, 1905, June 2, 1906; also western Vermont and eastern New York to eastern Pennsylvania. ANOMALAKE. Stamens 10 or less; anthers rose color Crataegus singularis n. sp. Leaves ovate to oval, long-pointed and acuminate at the apex, gradually or abruptly narrowed to the concave-cuneate or rounded entire base, coarsely often doubly serrate above with straight glan- dular teeth, and slightly divided usually only above the middle into 5 or 6 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open about the 2oth of May and then very thin, convex, dark yellow-green and strigose above and pale yellow-green and slightly villose along the primary veins below, and at maturity thin, glabrous, dark yellow-green and scabrate on the upper sur- face, light yellow-green and glabrous on the lower surface, 6-7 cm long and 4-4.5 cm wide, with slender yellow midribs and primary veins; turning yellow in the autumn before falling; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, sparingly hairy on the upper side while young, soon becoming glabrous, glandular, ‘with minute dark glands, often rose color in the autumn, 2-3 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots long-pointed, narrowed and rounded at the base, more coarsely serrate, deeply lobed, with slender acuminate lobes, often 6-7 cm long and 5.5-6 cm wide. Flowers 1.5-1.9 cm in diameter, on long slender slightly villose 2 7 9 \ “4 : REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 107 pedicels, in compact mostly 6-15-flowered corymbs, the elongated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves ; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes long, slender, red and acuminate at the apex, finely glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-8; anthers dark rose color; styles 2-4, usually 3. Fruit ripening from the middle to the end of September, on slender drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, scarlet, lustrous, marked by large pale dots, 1.3-1.5 cm long, 8-10 mm in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with a narrow deep cavity, and elongated spreading and incurved lobes slightly hairy on the upper side; flesh orange-yellow slightly tinged with pink, thick and juicy; nutlets 2 or 3, fuli and rounded at the ends, or when 3 gradually narrowed at the ends, ridged on the back, with a broad low slightly grooved ridge, marked on the inner faces by broad depressions, 6-7 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A shrub 2-3 m high, with stems covered with eray-brown bark, ascending and spreading branches, and stout slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets light orange-green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light olive-green, lustrous and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with stout slightly curved light red- brown ultimately dark gray spines 3.5—4 cm long. Rich hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D: Cornell ( #20, type), Sep- tember 21, 1905, May 24, 1906 ( *26, with less deeply divided leaves and nearly glabrous pedicels), September 21, 1905, May 14, 1900. Crataegus repulsans n. sp. Leaves ovate to rhombic, acuminate and long-pointed at the apex, abruptly or gradually narrowed and concave-cuneate at the entire base, finely often doubly serrate above, with straight or in- curved glandular teeth, and slightly divided usually only above the middle into short broad acuminate spreading lobes; nearly fully grown when the flowers open-in the last week of May and then thin, yellow-green and strigose above and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dull yellow-green, glabrous and scabrate on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 4-5 cm long and 3-3.5 cm wide, with thin yellow midribs and primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, spar- 108 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ingly hairy on the upper side while young, soon becoming glabrous, 1.2-16 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots abruptly narrowed at the apex into long broad acuminate — points, gradually narrowed to the rounded base, thicker, more coarsely serrate, and often 7-8 cm long and 5-5.5 cm wide, with stout rose colored petioles. Flowers 1.5-1.9 cm in di- ameter, on long slender slightly villose pedicels, in small mostly 5-8-flowered corymbs, the elongated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from the base, red and glandular at the acuminate apex, minutely glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis ; stamens 5-9; anthers rose color; styles 1-3, usually 2. Fruit ripening the end of September, on slender slightly hairy erect pedicels, in few- fruited clusters, short-oblong to subglobose, orange-red, lustrous, marked by small pale dots, g-ro mm in diameter; calyx prominent, with a deep wide cavity, and elongated spreading and appressed lobes villose on the upper surface; flesh yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 2 or 3, gradually narrowed and rounded at the ends, or when 3 acuminate at the base and broad and rounded at the apex, ridged on the back, with a broad low grooved ridge, marked on the inner face, by broad depressions, 6-6.5 mm long, and 3.5-4 mm wide. A shrub 3-4 m high, with stems covered with greenish gray bark, ascending branches, and stout slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets dark orange-green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming bright orange-brown and very lustrous in their first season and pale gray-brown the following year, and armed with very numerous stout straight or slightly curved light chestnut- brown shining spines 4-5 cm long. Rich hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell ( *45, type Sep- tember 24, 1905, May 28, 1906. Crataegus inopinata n. sp. Leaves ovate to oval, acuminate, cuneate or rounded at the entire base, coarsely doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and occasionally very slightly divided above the middle into small acute lobes; bronze color when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open in the last week of May and then thin, light yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and pale and slightly villose in the axils of the veins below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dark yellow-green and scabrate on the upper surface, light yellow-green and glabrous on the lower sur- el nd v~ ) eee hid tai Sediviinllaltnl en. ze _ eee iL S Se le . ; REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 109 face, 4.5-6 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, with thin prominent yellow _ midribs and primary veins; petioles stout, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glabrous, sparingly glandular early in the season, usu- ally with deciduous glands, generally rose color in the autumn, 2-3 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots rounded at the base, coarsely serrate, rarely slightly lobed, and often 8-io cm long and 6-7.5 cm wide, with stout broadly winged conspicuously glandular _ petioles. Flowers I-1.2 cm in diameter, on slender slightly villose _ pedicels, in narrow compact mostly 10-16-flowered corymbs; calyx- _ tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes wide, acuminate and red at the apex, glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-7; anthers pale rose color; styles 2 or 3, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of long white hairs. Fruit ripening the end of September, on stout slightly spreading pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, subglobose, dark red, lustrous, marked by small pale dots, 1-1.1 cm in diameter ; calyx little enlarged, with a broad shallow cavity, small spreading and closely appressed persistent lobes villose and dark red on the upper side; flesh thick, juicy, orange color; nutlets 2 or 3, rounded at the ends, ridged on the back, with a broad high doubly grooved ridge slightly penetrated on the inner faces by wide depressions, 5—5.5 mm long, and 3.5-4 mm wide. A shrub occasionally 6-8 but more often 3-4 m high, with stout stems covered with dark bark scaly near the ground, ascending branches forming an open irregular head, and stout slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets dark orange-yellow and marked by pale lenti- cels when they first appear, becoming dark chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with numerous stout straight or slightly curved | chestnut-brown shining spines 3.5—6 cm long. ' Rich hillsides, near Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (60, type), May 26 and September 21, ‘1906, June and September, 1907. TOMENTOSAE Leaves thin Anthers rose color; stamens 12-20 Crataegus diversa n. sp. % Leaves oblong-obovate, acute, acuminate or rarely rounded at _ the apex, gradually narrowed to the long concave-cuneate entire base, coarsely often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular IIo NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM teeth, and sometimes slightly divided above the middle into 2 or 3. pairs of small acute lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open — the middle of June and then thin, light yellow-green and slightly roughened above by short white hairs and pale and villose on the — midribs and veins below, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dark yellow-green, glabrous and smooth on the upper surface, still villose on the lower surface along the stout midribs and prominent primary veins, 6-8 cm long and 4.5—5 cm wide; petioles stout, wing- margined to below the middle, tomentose early in the season, becom- ing pubescent or nearly glabrous, 8-12 mm in length. Flowers I.3-1.6 cm in diameter, on short stout villose pedicels, in compact mostly 15-18-flowered hairy corymbs, the elongated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, coated with long matted white hairs, the lobes long, slender, acuminate, glabrous on the outer, villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 12-20; anthers rose color; styles 2, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening late in September, on slightly hairy red drooping pedicels, in few- fruited clusters, oval or slightly obovate, crimson, lustrous, marked by small pale dots, 9-10 mm long, and 6-7 in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with a short tube, a deep wide cavity, and small spread- ing and appressed often deciduous lobes dark red and-villose on the upper side; flesh thin, yellow, dry and mealy; nutlets 2, rounded at the ends, rounded and slightly ridged on the back, penetrated on the inner faces by large deep cavities, 5-5.5 mm long, and 3-3.5 mm wide. | A shrub 3-4 m high, with numerous small erect stems covered with ashy gray bark, small ascending slightly spreading branches forming an open head, slender nearly straight branchlets covered when they first appear with long matted white hairs, becoming light orange-brown or chestnut-brown, lustrous, puberulous and marked by pale lenticels at the end of their first season, and dull reddish brown in their second or third years, and armed with straight slender chestnut-brown and shining ultimately dull gray spines 3-4 cm long, occasionally persistent and compound on old stems. Hillsides, near Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (70, type), June 18 and September 21, 1906 ( ¥ 78), June and October 1906, 1907. Well distinguished from Crataegus tomentosa Linneus, by the color of the branches and spines, the smaller number of stamens, and by the shape and color of the fruit. Sd RA Se te ef oer Anthers pink; stamens 20 on weer: Pee a a ee re Ae Ne ee ee a ee ee Aer ey REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 LEL Crataegus spinifera n. sp. Leaves ovate to obovate, acute or acuminate, gradually narrowed and concave-cuneate at the entire base, and sharply often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth; about.one third grown when the flowers open the Ist of June and then very thin, dark yellow-green and covered above by soft white hairs and pale and villose below along the midribs and veins, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, yellow-green, smooth and lustrous on the upper surface, pale biuish green and still slightly villose on the lower surface on the stout yellow midribs and slender primary veins, 5. 57 em long and 3.5-5 cm wide; petioles stout, narrow wing- margined to below the middle, slightly hairy on the upper side while _- young, soon becoming glabrous, 1-2 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shcots abruptly cuneate or rounded at the base, often slightly lobed toward the apex, and frequently 7-8 cm long and 5-6 cm wide. Flowers about 1.5 cm in diameter, on slender villose pedicels, in broad lax hairy mostly 20-30-flowered corymbs, the elongated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx- tube narrowly obconic, coated with long matted white hairs, the lobes long, slender, glandular serrate, villose, reflexed after an- thesis; stamens 20; anthers pale pink; styles 2-4. Fruit ripen- ing the end of September, on long stout slightly hairy red drooping pedicels, in broad many-fruited clusters, subglobose to slightly ovate, scarlet, lustrous, sparingly hairy at the ends, marked by large pale dots, becoming soft and succulent, 1-1.2 cm in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with a deep narrow cavity, and small spreading and appressed lobes hairy on the upper side; flesh yellow, thin and dry; nutlets. 2-4, slightly narrowed and rounded at the ends, ridged on the back, with a broad low grooved ridge, irregularly penetrated on the inner faces by. broad deep cavities, 6-7 mm long, and 4-5 mm wide. A dense round-topped shrub 3-4 m jer with small intricately branched stems spreading in thickets and covered with dark gray- brown scaly bark, ascending flexuous greenish gray branches, and slender slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets dark orange-green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming orange- brown and lustrous in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with numerous stout nearly straight purple shining spines 4-5 cm long. 172 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Hiliside, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (66, type), June 4 and September 21, 19006. Anthers pale yellow; stamens 20 Crataegus structilis Ashe Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. XIX. 12 (1903). Sargent, Acad. Sei. Phila. Proc. 656 (1905). - ; Hillsides, near Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (* 50), September 30, 1905, June 18, 1906, ( ¥ 52), June 13 and September 21, 1906, (¥ 69), June 18 and September 21, 1906, ( * 71), with stamens sometimes reduced to 15), June and September 1906; also Illinois and southern Michigan, and through southern Ontario to the valley | of the Genesee river, New York and eastern Pennsylvania. | : Crataegus comans n. sp. Leaves ovate to rhombic, acute at the apex, concave-cuneate at the entire base, and coarsely doubly serrate above, with straight _ glandular teeth; tinged with red when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open from the roth to the middle of June and then thin, yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs most abundant on the midribs and veins, paler and villose below especially on the midribs and veins, and at maturity thin but firm in texture, dull yellow-green, smooth and lustrous on the upper surface, pale yellow-green and still villose below, 4.5-6 cm long and 3.5-% cm wide, with stout midribs, often rose color in the autumn, and thin prominent primary veins; petioles stout, wing- margined nearly to the base, villose, 4-5 mm in length. Flowers I.2-1.5 cm in diameter, on short stout densely villose pedicels, in very compact hairy mostly 1o—15-flowered corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly ob- conic, slightly hairy, the lobes short, slender, minutely glandular serrate, nearly giabrous on the outer, slightly hairy on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; petals sometimes tinged with pink; stamens 20; anthers pale yellow; styles 2 or 3. Fruit ripening late in September, on long slender hairy erect pedicels, in wide many-fruited clusters, short-oblong to subglobose, orange-red, lus- trous, covered with short pale hairs most abundant at the base, 7-8 mm in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with a short tube, a wide deep cavity and small spreading and appressed persistent lobes vil- lose on the upper surface; flesh thin, yellow, becoming soft and REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 ris succulent; nutlets usually 2, suborbicular, rounded and slightly grooved on the back, penetrated on the inner faces by broad deep Cavities, about 5 mm long, and 2~-2.5 mm wide. A shrub 2-3 m high, with stems covered with pale gray bark, ascending branches, and slender nearly straight branchlets _ dark orange-red and covered with long matted pale hairs when they first appear, becoming light orange-red and lustrous and still hairy in their first season and dark gray-brown the following year, and armed witn slender straight or slightly curved gray spines 2.5-3 cm long. Hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (35, type), June 13 and September 21, 1906. Leaves thick Stamens 20; anthers purple Crataegus frutescens n. sp. Leaves obovate, gradually narrowed and acute or rounded at the apex, concave-cuneate at the entire base, finely often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided generally only above the middle into 3 or 4 pairs of small acuminate lobes; faintly tinged with bronze color and slightly hairy above, especially along the midribs, when they unfold, more than half grown when the flowers open late in May or early in June, and then thick, light yellow-green and nearly glabrous above and pale and villose on the midribs and veins below, and at maturity subcoriaceous, conspicu- ously reticulate venulose, dark yellow-green, smooth and very lus- trous on the upper surface, light yellow-green and still slightly hairy on the lower surface along the stout rose colored midribs and slender primary veins, 4-5 cm long and 3.5-4 cm wide; petioles stout, slightly wing-margined to below the middle, sparingly villose while young, soon becoming glabrous, often deep rose color in the autumn, 7-10 mm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots ovate to oval, more coarsely serrate and 6-6.5 cm long and 5-6 cm wide, with stout broadly winged often glandular petioles. Flowers 1.4— 1.6 cm in diameter, on slender villose pedicels, in compact mostly 10-15-flowered corymbs, with long narrow obovate to linear acumi- _ nate glandular caducous bracts and bractlets, the long lower pedun- cles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, slightly hairy at the base, glabrous above, the lobes gradually nar- rowed, short, broad, acuminate, finely glandular serrate, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after II4 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM anthesis ; stamens 20; anthers purple; styles 2 or 3. Fruit ripening the end of September, on slender slightly hairy erect pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, scarlet, very lustrous, marked by large pale dots, 7-8 mm in diame- ter ; calyx little enlarged, with a broad deep cavity, and small spread- ing and appressed lobes; flesh yellow, dry; nutlets 2 or 3, gradually narrowed and rounded at the ends, rounded and slightly ridged on ~ the back, penetrated on the inner faces by deep narrow cavities, 4.5-5 mm long, and about 3, mm wide. A shrub sometimes 2 m high, with stems covered with dark greenish gray bark and spreading into thickets, small ascending branches, slender nearly straight glabrous branchlets light orange- green and marxed by pale lenticels when they first appear, light — chestnut-brown and very lustrous in their first and second seasons and dull reddish brown the following year, and armed with numer- ous stout slightly curved chestnut-brown shining spines 3-4 cm long, compound and long persistent ‘on old stems, and accrescent bright rose colored very conspicuous inner bud scales deciduous before the opening of the flower buds. Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell ( ¥ 37, type), Sentemiie! 21, 1905, June3, 1000: Stamens 10 or less; anthers pale yellow Crataegus ferentaria Sargent Rochester Acad. Sci. Proc. IV. 135 (1903); Rhodora VII. 184 (1905). Hillsides, Coopers Plains, G. D. Cornell (22), September 21, 1905, June 2, 1906; also southern Ontario to eastern New England. ene en es a, ee . 7 . ; i NEW YORK SPECIES OF CRATAEGUS FROM VARIOUS LOCALITIES BY €. S. SARGENT PRUINOSAE Crataegus bronxensis n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, gradually or abruptly narrowed and concave-cuneate at the entire base, sharply often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and divided above the middle into 3 or 4 pairs of short acuminate lobes; nearly half grown when the flowers open late in May and then thin, light yellow-green and slightly hairy especially on the midribs above, and paler and spar- ingly villose along the midribs and veins below, with persistent hairs, and at maturity very thin, dark bluish green and scabrate on ‘the upper surface, pale blue-green on the lower surface, 4.5-5.5 em long and 3-4 cm wide, with slender midribs, and thin primary veins extending very obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, wing-margined at the apex, glabrous, glandular, with occa- siona! mostly persistent glands, often rose colored in the autumn, 2.5-3 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots sometimes rounded at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, and often 6-7 cm long and 5-6 cm wide. Flowers 1.8-2 cm in diameter, on short slender slightly hairy pedicels, in compact mostly 5~7-flowered corymbs, with linear acuminate bracts and bractlets fading brown and often persistent until the flowers open, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube broadly ob- conic, glabrous, the lobes abruptly narrowed from wide bases, slen- der, acuminate, entire or occasionally minutely glandular dentate, glabrous on the outer, slightly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis ; stamens 20; anthers light pink; styles 4 or 5. Fruit on erect slender pedicels, in few-fruited-clusters, falling late in the autumn without becoming soft, subglobose or rather broader than _ high, apple-green, slightly pruinose, becoming lustrous, marked by large dark dots, I-1.2 cm in diameter ; calyx prominent, with a short tube, a broad shallow cavity, and spreading and reflexed often de- ciduous lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, green, dry and hard; nutlets 4 or 5, gradually narrowed and _ founded at the ends, rounded and grooved or irregularly ridged on the back, 6-6.5 mm long and about 4 mm wide. [115] rI16 - NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A shrub, with slender slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets orange- green more or less tinged with red when they first appear, becoming light chestnut-brown, lustrous and marked by pale lenticels in their first season and dull red-brown the following year, and armed with numerous slender straight or slightly curved chestnut-brown shining spines 3.5—5.5 cm long. In Bronx park, New York city, W. W. Eggleston ( ¥ 154, type), October 5, 1904, May 25, 1907. Crataegus livingstoniana n. sp. Glabrous with the exception of the hairs on the upper side of the leaves. Leaves ovate, acuminate, abruptly cuneate or rounded at the entire base, coarsely often doubly serrate above, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate spreading lobes; about half grown when the flowers open in the last week of May and then very thin, yellow-green and slightly hairy above and pale below, and at maturity thin, light yellow-green, smooth or occasionally hairy and roughened on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 5-7 cm long and 4-5.5 cm wide, with thin midribs, and primary veins extending obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, occasionally glandular, 1.5—3 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots thicker, rounded or cordate at the base, more deeply lobed and more coarsely serrate. Flowers 1.6-1.8 cm in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in mostly 5-8-flowered corymbs, the elongated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, the lobes gradually narrowed from the base, long, slender, glandular and acuminate at the apex, minutely glandular dentate, reflexed after anthesis; stamens usually 8; anthers dark red; styles 3-5, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the middle of October, on stout spreading or droop- ing pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, red, lustrous, marked by many small pale dots, I.2-1.5 cm long and 1-1.2 cm in diameter ; calyx prominent, with a deep narrow cavity pointed and tomentose in the bottom, and elongated spreading and incurved persistent lobes dark red on the upper side; nutlets 3-5, narrowed and acute at the ends or when — 3 rounded at the ends, rounded and grooved or slightly ridged on the back, 6.5-7 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. An arborescent shrub sometimes 5-6 m high, with stems I-1.5 dm in diameter covered with ashy gray bark, ascending branches form- REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 LEZ ing a narrow fastigiate head, and slender nearly straight branchlets a ' dark orange-green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season, dull gray the following year, and armed with occasional stout nearly straight light chestnut-brown shining spines 2.5-3 cm long. rt | Roadside, near east bank of Hemlock lake, Livingston co., Henry -T. Brown (* 23, type), May 28 and October 1906, (*13) May 28 and October 13, 1906, ( *18, with 6-8 stamens) May 18 and October 1906, ( ¥ 16, with rather lighter colored anthers) May and October 1906. Crataegus macera n. sp. Leaves ovate, rounded, truncate or cuneate at the entire base, finely often doubly serrate above, with glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 5 or 6 pairs of small acuminate lateral lobes; more than half grown when the flowers open the end of May and then thin, dark yellow-green, slightly hairy above and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity very thin, dull yellow-green and scabrate on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 4-5 cm long, and 7 3.5-4 cm wide, with thin midribs and primary veins; petioles slen- der, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular while young, -1.5-2.5 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots thin, truncate or rounded at the broad base, more coarsely serrate, more deeply lobed, and often 6.5-7 cm long and 6.6-5 cm wide, with slender rose colored glandular petioles. Flowers about 2 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous pedicels, in wide mostly -6~-10-flowered corymbs, the elongated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves ; calyx-tube broadly obconic, glabrous, the lobes separated by wide sinuses, gradually narrowed from the base, long, slender, acuminate and glandular at the apex, entire or occasionally glandu- lar dentate above the middle, glabrous on the outer, sparingly villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis ; stamens 5-7, usually 7; anthers light rose color; styles 4 or 5, surrounded at the base by a ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the middle of October, on slender drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, subglobose to - short-oblong, scarlet, lustrous, marked by small dark dots, about I cm in diameter; calyx little enlarged, with a broad deep cavity tomentose on the inner surface, and spreading lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh yellow-green, dry and mealy ; ; | nutlets 4 or 5, gradually narrowed and rounded at the ends or 118 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM acute at the base, ridged on the back, with a broad high grooved ridge, 6-6.5 mm long, and 4.5-5 mm wide. _ An arborescent shrub 5-6 m high, with numerous light ashy gray stems sometimes 1.3-1.5 dm in diameter, spreading and drooping branches, and slender slightly zigzag branchlets dark orange-green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season and dull gray- brown the following year, and armed with numerous slender often recurved chestnut-brown shining spines 3.5-4.5 cm long. Moist soil in dense thickets, near the east bank of Hemlock lake, Livingston co. eos T. Brown (22, type), May 28 and October 16, 1906. | TENUIFOLIAE Crataegus leptopoda n. sp. Glabrous with the exception of the hairs on the upper surface of the young leaves and petioles. Leaves oblong-ovate, grad- ually narrowed at the base, finely often doubly serrate, with straight glandular teeth, and slightly divided into 6 or 7 pairs of narrow acuminate spreading lobes; about half grown when the flowers open in the last week of May and then very thin, yellow-green and slightly roughened above by short white hairs and pale below, and at maturity thin, smooth and dull dark yellow-green on the upper surface, paler on the lower surface, 6-7 cm long and 3.5-4 cm wide, with slender midribs and primary veins; petioles very slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, sparingly hairy on the upper side while young, soon becoming glabrous, glandular, with minute often persistent glands, 2-3 cm in length. Flowers about 1.5 em in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in mostly 1o0—12-flowered narrow corymbs, the elongated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, the lobes gradually nar- rowed from the base, long, slender, red and glandular at the acumi-. nate apex, entire or minutely glandular dentate near the middle, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-10; anthers dark red or maroon; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening late in September, on long slender drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, obovate, rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed at the base, bright cherry-red, lustrous, marked by small pale dots, 1-1.2 cm long, and 8-9 mm in diameter ; calyx little enlarged, with a shallow narrow cavity and erect or incurved persistent lobes dark red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thin, yellow-green and juicy; nutlets 3 or 4, acuminate REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 I19Q at the base, narrow and rounded at the apex, slightly ridged on the back, with a rounded ridge 6-6.5 mm long, and about 4 mm wide. A shrub sometimes 5 m high, with stout slightly zigzag branchlets dark orange-green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming dark chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with numerous stout curved or nearly straight chestnut colored shining ’ spines 3.5-4 cm long, persistent and simple on the stem. East bank of Hemlock lake, Livingston co., H. T. Brown (26 type), May 28 and October 3, 1906, (25, with lighter colored anthers) May and September 1906. Crataegus gracilipes n. sp. Glabrous with the exception of the hairs on the upper surface of the leaves. Leaves ovate, long-pointed and acuminate at the apex, gradually or abruptly narrowed and concave-cuneate at the entire base, sharply often doubly serrate, with long straight glandu- lar teeth, and divided often only above the middle into 5 or 6 pairs of long slender acuminate spreading lobes; nearly fully grown when the flowers open in the last week of May and then very thin, light yellow-green, lustrous and slightly hairy above and pale and glaucous below, and at maturity thin, scabrate and dull yellow- green above, paler below, 7-8 cm long and 4.5-6 cm wide, with slender midribs and primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing- margined at the apex, glandular while young, with minute deciduous glands, 3-5 cm in length. Flowers about 1.5 cm in diameter, on long slender pedicels, in mostly 5—12-flowered corymbs, the elon- gated lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube | narrowly obconic, the lobes gradually narrowed from the base, slender, very long, acuminate and red at the apex, finely glandular serrate usually only near the middle, reflexed after anthesis ; stamens 6-8; anthers light red; styles 3 to 5. Fruit ripening the end of September, on long slender drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clus- ters, narrow-obovate, gradually narrowed and rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed to the long slender base, scarlet, lustrous, 1.2— 1.3 cm long, 6-7 mm wide; calyx little enlarged, with a deep wide cavity, and spreading persistent lobes; flesh yellow-green, thick and juicy; nutlets 3-5, narrowed and acute at the ends, or when 3 broader and rounded at the apex, ridged on the back, with a broad low slightly grooved ridge, 6.5—7 mm long, and 5—5.5 mm wide. I20 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A shrub sometimes 6 m high, with small stems covered with pale gray bark, ascending and drooping tortuous branches, and slender branchlets deepiy tinged with red and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming dark chestnut-brown and lustrous in their first season and dark dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with stout slightly curved or straight dull chestnut-brown spines 2.5-3 cm long. . . ee Thickets in moist soil, near the. eastern bank of Hemlock lake, Livingston co., New York, Henry T. Brown (X21, type), May 28 and October 4, 1906. Crataegus claytoniana n. sp. Glabrous with the exception of the hairs on the young leaves. Leaves oblong-ovate, acuminate, rounded or abruptly cuneate at the base, finely often doubly serrate above, with straight or incurved glandular teeth, and divided into 4 or 5 pairs of slender spreading~ acuminate lateral lobes; bronze-red and covered above by short white hairs when they unfold, more than half grown when the flowers open about the 1oth of June and then thin, light yellow- green and still hairy above and pale and glabrous below, and at maturity thin, dark yellow-green and slightly roughened on the upper surface, light yellow-green on the lower surface, 3-4.5 cm long and 2.5-3 cm wide, with thin midribs and primary veins; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, glandular, with occasional persistent glands, 1.5—2.5 cm in length; leaves on vigor- ous shoots thicker, long-pointed, rounded or truncate at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, and often 5-6 cm long and 4-5 cm wide, with stout rose colored midribs, and con- spicuously glandular petioles. Flowers I-1.2 cm in diameter, on slender pedicels, in small lax 5-10-flowered corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, the lobes slender, acuminate and red at the apex, entire or occasionally minutely glandular dentate, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5-8; anthers red; styles 2 or 3. Fruit ripening the end of September, on short drooping pedicels, in 1—3-fruited clusters, subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, lustrous, 1-1.2 cm long, about I cm in diameter ; calyx little enlarged, with a wide shallow cavity, and spreading mostly persistent lobes bright red on the upper side below the middle; flesh thick, rather juicy, yellow slightly tinged with red; nutlets 2 or 3, narrowed and rounded at the ends, ridged ak ae ae ; ' Pa a ee Oe REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 I21 -on the back, with a low broad slightly grooved ridge, 6.5-7 mm long, and 4-4.5 mm wide. A shrub 3-4 m high, with stout stems, long slender erect or diverging branches, and slender nearly straight branchlets dark orange-green more or less tinged with red when they first appear, becoming light chestnut-brown, lustrous and marked by small pale lenticels in their first season and dark grayish brown the following year, and armed with slender straight or slightly curved bright chestnut-brown shining spines 2.5-3 cm long. Clayton, Jefferson co., C. H. Peck (¥ 3, type), June 14 and Sep- tember 27, 1907. | COCCINEAE Crataegus chateaugayensis n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate or acute at the apex, concave-cuneate or rarely rounded at the entire base, finely often doubly serrate above with straight glandular teeth, and divided into 4-6 pairs-of small acuminate spreading lateral lobes; deeply tinged with red when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open in the first week of June, and then thin, yellow-green and roughened above by short white hairs and glabrous below, and at maturity dark yeliow- green, smooth and slightly villose along the midribs on the upper surface, and paler and lustrous on the lower surface, 5.5-6.5 cm long, and 3.5-4 cm wide, with slender midribs rose colored in the — autumn, and thin primary veins arching obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, slightly wing-margined at the apex, _ sparingly villose on the upper side while young, becoming glabrous, _ glandular, with numerous dark usually persistent glands, 2-3 cm in length. Flowers 1.6-1.8 cm in diameter, on long slender glabrous or occasionally slightly hairy pedicels, in compact mostly 10—12- flowered corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes long, slender, acuminate and red at the apex, coarsely and conspicuously glandular dentate, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 5; filaments per- sistent on the ripe fruit; anthers dark rose color; styles 4 or 5, -surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the middle of September, on stout drooping red _ glabrous or occasionally slightly hairy pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, short-oblong to oval, scarlet, marked by large pale dots, slightly pruinose, 1.2-1.4 cm long, 8-10 mm in diameter; calyx prominent, with a short tube, a wide cavity tomentose in the bottom, _ and spreading and reflexed persistent lobes; flesh thick, firm light I22 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM yellow ; nutlets 4 or 5, gradually narrowed and rounded at the base, thicker and rounded at the apex, ridged on the back, with a broad low deeply grooved ridge, 7-9 mm long, and 3.5-4 mm wide. An arborescent shrub or tree 7-8 m high, with stout slightly zigzag glabrous branchlets, dark green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming orange-brown or chestnut-brown in their first season and dull gray-brown the following year, and armed with very numerous stout straight or slightly curved light | chestnut-brown shining spines 4-7 cm long. Near Chateaugay lake, Franklin co., J. G. Jack (1, type), Sep- tember 15, 1903, June 8, 1905. Crataegus spissa n. sp. Leaves ovate, acuminate, gradually narrowed and concave-cuneate at the entire base, sharply doubly serrate above, with straight glandu- lar teeth, and divided usually only above the middle into 4 or 5 pairs of small acuminate lobes; tinged with red and covered with long white hairs when they unfold, nearly half grown when the flowers open at the end of May and then thin, yellow-green and roughened above by short hairs and paler and glabrous below, and at maturity thin, dark yellow-green, smooth, glabrous and lustrous on the upper surface, pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 4-5 cm long and 3-4 cm wide, with slender yellow midribs, and thin primary veins arching obliquely to the points of the lobes; petioles slender, wing-margined at the apex, sparingly villose on the upper side while young, soon becoming glabrous, glandular with often persistent glands, 1.2-2 cm in length; leaves on vigorous shoots thicker, often rounded or truncate at the broad base, more coarsely serrate and more deeply lobed, 7-9 cm long and 7-8 cm wide, with broadly winged glandular petioles. . Flowers 1.2-1.3 cm in diameter, on short glabrous or slightly hairy pedicels, in small very compact 5—10-flowered corymbs, the lower peduncles from the axils of upper leaves; calyx-tube narrowly obconic, glabrous, the lobes gradually narrowed from broad bases, acuminate, glandular dentate usually only above the middle, glabrous on the outer, villose on the inner surface, reflexed after anthesis; stamens 10; anthers pink or pur- plish red; styles 3 or 4, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale tomentum. Fruit ripening the middle of September, on short drooping pedicels, in few-fruited clusters, subglobose to oval, scarlet, lustrous, marked by small pale dots; calyx little enlarged, with a wide shallow cavity, and small spreading serrate lobes, their tips nee ee ee eee et ee ee on eS as > ., 5. -imeee vermiflua — to Pileus ‘not pure white, commonly even.-...... —-e >see 2 Spores more than, .0003 of an. mch lone. & o.6s5 so ee oss. practokas Spores Jess. than-,0003 of an inch lonet<.. ce... 4. eee eee duroides 12 Pileus and stem squamose or squamulose..... 22.2.3 . 12 Pileus alone squamose or squamulose:.........¢..)-5eeee 3 12 Pileus neither squamose nor squamulose.......0..5 pee -. 289 Pileus-wiscid swhen< moist). 42a. eee ee woe a aie te saan eet hie 14) Pileus “not: wiseids 255.7 ooo ieee es ee ee 6a 14. Pileus ‘with red ‘or purple’ hues when young! <.\7). eee ornella | 14 Pileus: withno red or purple wes’. / 0.2.17: 2. 1, So Pileus: brown ers yellowish brow. .<. s+... 3.4 V7. Poteet Oe eee a REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I907 143 Beets more that’? inches broad... 2.0.60. vec oes D8 Pe eek aed 23 ee eens not-more than 2 inches. broads. 2400.62. co... eens 24 Seesetieus wien dry cinnamon. or ferruginous................-.- cerasina PIETER YCUOW.. . ... 62.22. lee lec e ee cet ooec en acericola Eee NAPE Wien TOISt 22.6 i.e. kos eke coe cb ee Oe discolor MITRE MISC on es sc lice dee eb ose ede ee wee nve nee@s. 225 EE MEO ave GTY... os... ec ecco eee ceca en autumnalis ene reat VOTICM OUTS ssc. 0. es bs eee ee cece ce el Saves as confragosa 25 Pileus whitish or yellowish buff when dry............... marginella TERRESTRIAL Spores ferruginous Pholiota minima Pk. SMALLEST: PHOLIOTA Pileus membranous, hemispheric or campanulate, umbonate, glabrous, hygrophanous, brown and striatulate on the margin when _ moist, pale buff or yellowish white when dry; lamellae rather close subventricose, adnexed, ferruginous; stem slender, glabrous, solid, shining, similar to the pileus in color, annulus near the middle, slight, evanescent ; spores elliptic, .oo03 of an inch long, .o002 broad. -Pileus 2-4 lines broad; stem 8-12 lines long, .25 line thick. Among hair cap mosses, Polytrichum. Catskill mountains. Sep- tember. An extremely small species and a very rare one. It was discovered 20 years ago and has not been found since. It is separable from Pholiota mycenoides Fr. by its smaller size, paler color, umbonate pileus and solid stem. The umbonate -pileus also separates it from P. pumila Fr. Pholiota caperata (Pers.) Fr. WRINKLED PHOLIOTA State Mus. Rep’t 54. p.182, pl.73, fig.1-5. Pileus fleshy, firm, thin toward the margin, ovate becoming broadly campanulate or convex, obtuse, glabrous or often whitened in the center by whitish flocci or silky fibrils, generally more or less - wrinkled, yellow, flesh white; lamellae moderately close, adnate, often uneven on the edge, whitish becoming ferruginous ; stem equal, solid, stout, sometimes bulbous, glabrous or slightly floccose, white or whitish, the membranous annulus white, thick on the edge ; spores subelliptic, .oo05—.0006 of an inch long, .00025-.0003 broad. Pileus 2-4 inches broad; stem 2-5 inches long, 5-10 line’ shick. 144 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM = 2 ae Scattered or somewhat gregarious, in woods, mossy swamps and open places. July to October. Common. Edible. P This is a fine large pholiota easily recognized by its peculiar wrinkled pileus and the white pruinosity or floccose covering of the — center of the pileus. Sometimes, however, specimens may occur in a which neither the wrinkles nor tne flocci are present. Occasionally _ there is the semblance of a volva at the base of the stem. The 2 annulus is usually well developed, white and persistent. Pholiota rugosa Pk. RUGOSE’PHOLIOTA Pileus thin, broadly conic or campanulate becoming expanded and ~ often umbonate, hygrophanous, yellowish red or ferruginous and — striatulate on the margin when moist, pale yellow or buff and com- monly rugose when dry; lamellae close, adnexed, minutely denti-— culate on the edge, yellowish white becoming ferruginous or brownish ferruginous, the interspaces venose; stem equal or slightly thickened toward the base, straight or flexuous, hollow, fibrillose or squamulose below the annulus, pruinose or mealy above, pallid, the annulus membranous, with radiating ridges or striations on the upper surface, white; spores .oo04—.0005 of an inch long, .00024—.00028 broad. Pileus 6-12 lines broad; stem 1-2 inches long, 1-2 lines thick. Ground and among decaying chips. Adirondack region. Sep- tember. The species is closely related to Pholiota togulagae (Bull.) Fr. from which it is separated by the hygrophanous pileus, the adnexed lamellae and the peculiar striations of the annulus. Pholiota filaris (Fr.) Pk. THREAD STEM PHOLIOTA Pileus submembranous, campanulate becoming broadly convex or neatly plane, obtuse, even, but slightly striate on the margin, ochraceous ; lamellae thin, close, adnate, ventricose, yellow becoming pale ferruginous; stem filiform, flexuous, glabrous, pallid, the — annulus well er Fae, distant, white; spores .0003 of an Boe long, | .0002 broad. b Pileus 4-6 lines broad; stem 1-2 inches long, scarcely half a line ¥ thick. ay REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 145 Woods and open places. Adirondack and Catskill mountains. August. This is closely related to the next following species, with which it was united as a variety by the illustrious Fries. It may be separated by its srnaller size, and the slightly striate margin of the pileus. Pholiota togularis (Bull.) Fr. Pirie CLOAK PHOLIOTA Pileus thin, campanulate becoming nearly plane, orbicular, obtuse, glabrous, even, rot striate on the margin, pale ochraceous; lamellae thin, close, adnate, ventricose, yellow becoming pale. ferruginous; stem equal, hollow, slender, fibrillose, yellow at the top, brownish _ toward the base; spores .0003 of an inch long. 0002 broad. Pileus 10-15 lines broad; stem 2-3 inches long, 1—2 lines thick. Ground in woods. Adirondack mountains. August. This and the two preceding species may yet be found to be varieties of one very variable species. They are closely allied to each other but may be distinguished by the characters given. Spores fusco-ferrugmous 'Pholiota angustipes Pk. NARROW «SLE M-PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, hemispheric becoming convex or nearly plane, slightly viscid when moist, squamulose with minute dotlike appressed scales, brown or grayish brown becoming ochraceous brown or sub- alutaceous, flesk whitish, taste unpleasant; lamellae thin, close, sinuate, whitish or creamy yellow becoming tawny brown; stem equal or tapering downward, flexuous, stuffed or hollow, squamose, whitish or cinereous; spores naviculoid, .o003 of an inch long, .00016-.0002 broad. Pileus 1-2. 5 inches broad; stem 1.5-3-inches long, 2—3 lines thick. Cespitose. In pastures, commonly near or around old stumps. Otsego and Albany counties. July to October. f This species is related to the European Pholiota terrigena Peeand Pholiota, punctulata.Kalchb. but from’ both: it differs in the darker color of the pileus and in its slight viscidity. By reason of its densely tufted mode of growth the caps are often closely crowded and irregular. 146 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Pholiota aggericola Pk. BROWN PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, convex becoming nearly plane or slightly depressed in the center by the upcurving of the margin, glabrous, viscid when moist and slightly striatulate on the margin, brown or blackish brown, sometimes darker in the center; lamellae subdistant, sinuate, decurrent with a tooth, pallid or grayish becoming rusty brown; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, fibrous, solid, colored like or a little paler than the pileus, whitish above the membranous annulus; spores elliptic, .ooo4—.0005 of an inch long, .o0024 broad. Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 1.5—3 inches long, 2-4 lines thick. Banks by roadsides and among fallen leaves in woods. Albany county and Adirondack mountains. July to October. The pileus sometimes fades to a rusty brown hue. P.aggericola retirugis Pk. Pileus rugosely reticu- lated. . Pholiota indecens Pk. is probably not distinct from this species, it differing in its dry pileus. This possibly was due to its being collected in a dry time. It has been collected but once. Pholiota temnophylla Pk. CUE GILLED PHOLMITA Pileus fleshy, hemispheric becoming convex, smooth, ochraceous yellow ; lamellae very broad, adnexed, obliquely truncate at the inner extremity, brownish ferruginous; stem equal, glabrous, hollow, white, the annulus well developed, membranous, white; spores — brownish ferruginous, broadly elliptic, .coo4—.0005 of an inch long, .0003—.00035 broad. Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 2-4 lines thick. Grassy ground by roadsides. Rensselaer county. June. In color this species resembles Naucoria semiorbicul- aris (Bull.) Fr. -but its annulus at once separates it from that. It also approaches Pholiota praecox (Pers.) Fr. in some respects, but its large size and peculiar broad lamellae are distin- guishing characters. It has been found but once. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 147 Pholiota howeana Pk. HOWE PHOLIOTA Pileus convex becoming nearly plane, fragile, smooth, subumbo- nate, yellowish, sometimes darker in the center; lamellae thin, close, rounded behind, eroded on the edge, whitish becoming ferruginous brown; stem eqital or slightly thickened at the base, glabrous, hollow, colored like the pileus; spores .0003—.0004 of an inch long, .coo2- .00024 broad. Pileus 1-3 inches hroad; stem 2-4 inches long, 2-4 lines thick. Ground in woods and bushy places. Adirondack mountains, Albany and Sullivan counties. June, July and August. This species was formerly referred doubtfully to the genus Stropharia, but it now seems better to put it in Pholiota. -Pholiota johnsoniana Pk. JOHNSON PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, soft, brittle, broadly convex or nearly plane, glab- rous, thin on the margin and sometimes striatulate when moist, yellowish in the center, whitish on the margin, sometimes wholly yellowish, flesh white, flavor agreeable; lamellae thin, close, rounded behind, slightly adnexed, whitish becoming rusty brown; stem equal, glabrous, solid, slightly striate at the top, the annulus thick, white ; spores brown with a slight ferruginous tint, .oo024-. 03: of an inch long, .o0o016—.0002 broad. Pileus 2-4 inches broad; stem 1.53 inches long, 3-5 lines thick. Grassy ground in pastures. Not common. Albany and Essex counties. September. The spores of this species have such a decidedly brown hue that the species was thought to belong to the genus Stropharia. But in a good light a slight rusty tint can be detected. It is therefore placed with the trownish ferruginous spored species of Pholiota. Pholiota vermiflua Pk. WORMY PHOLIOTA be State Mus. Bul. 75. p.32, pl.86, fig.12—-20. Pileus convex or nearly plane, glabrous or sometimes floccose on the margin, commonly rimose areolate, specially in the center, white, 148 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM sometimes slightly tinged with yellow, flesh white; lamellae close, adnexed, white becoming ferruginous brown, generally minutely eroded on the edge; stem equal, hollow, striate at the top, white, the white annuius more or less floccose on the lower surface, lacer- ated, often evanescent ; spores .o005 of.an inch long, .0003 broad. Pileus 2-4 inches broad; stem 2-3 inches long, 3-5 lines thick. Rich soil in grain fields, waste places and about manure heaps. Albany, Essex and Monroe counties. June, July and August. Edible. From the early pholiota, to which it is related, it may be sep- arated by its larger size, thicker flesh, stouter stem, whiter color and by the greater tendency of the surface of the pileus to crack into areas. Pholiota praecox (Pers.) Fr. EARLY. PHOLIOTA State Mus. Mem. 4. p.159, pl.57, -fig.1-5. Pileus convex or nearly plane, soft, glabrous, whitish, often tinged with yellow or tan color, flesh white; lamellae thin, close, adnexed, whitish becoming brownish or rusty brown; stem slender, equal, — glabrous or slightly mealy when young, stuffed or hollow, whitish, the annulus white, entire, sometimes fugacious; spores .0004—.0005 of an inch long, .00024—.0003 broad. Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 1.5—3 inches long, 2-2.5 lines thick. Grassy ground, lawns, etc. Common. May to July. Edible. Pholiota praecox minor (Batt.) Pileus scarcely more than 1 inch broad, its margin appendiculate with the remains of the veil, annulus generally wanting. Grassy places. State Mus. Mem. 4, p. 160, pl.57, fig. 6-8. Pholiota praecox sylvestris Pk. Pileus comver glabrous, whitish, brown or rusty brown in the center. In thin woods. State Mus. Mem. 4, p. 160, pl. 57, fig. 9-11. Pholiota duroides n. sp. HARDISH PHGOEIO EA Pileus thin, convex becoming nearly plane, glabrous or slightly rimose squamose in the center, varying in color from creamy white to ochraceous buff either wholly or in the center only, flesh white, taste mild; lamellae thin, close, narrow, adnexed, sometimes broadly tune ee is bis ee ee a ee ee Guo ki” REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 149 _ sinuate and having a decurrent tooth, whitish becoming brown or rusty brown; stem equal or nearly so, stuffed or hollow, glabrous, whitish, the annulus thick and cottony, often lacerated and evanes- cent, white; spores broadly elliptic, .oo024—.00028 of an inch long, .00016—.0002 broad. Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 1-2 inches long, 2~4 lines thick. Rocky ground near Syracuse. Atgust and September. G. E. Morris, who has found it both in the locality given and in Massa- chusetts. 7 It is similar to Pholiota dura (Bolt.) Fr. but may be sep- arated from it by its different colors, softer substance and specially by its smaller spores. These are more brown than the spores of Pholiota praecox Pers. and make it doubtful whether the species would not better be placed in the genus Stropharia. LIGNATILE Pileus viscid or dry, not hygrophanous Pholiota albocrenulata Pk. GCRENULATE PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, firm, convex or campanulate, obtuse or umbonate, viscid, squamose, yellowish brown, the scales brown or blackish, floccose, easily separable; lamellae broad, subdistant, sinuate, white crenulate on the edge, grayish becoming ferruginous; stem firm, equal or slightly tapering upward, stuffed or hollow, squamose, pallid or brownish below the slight fugacious annulus, white and fur- furaceous above; spores subelliptic, pointed at the ends, .0004—.0005 of an inch long, .00024—.0003 broad. : Pileus 1-3 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 2-5 lines thick. Base of trees or on prostrate trunks and decaying’ wood, specially of sugar maple, Acer saccharum L. Essex and Otsego counties. July and August. : This species is rare and somewhat variable. It is never abundant and often solitary in its mode of growth. The scales of the pileus sometimes disappear leaving the surface of the cap mottled with brown spots. Under a lens the edge of the lamellae appear as if beaded with minute white globules. The margin of the pileus is sometimes adorned by the adhering fragments of the veil. I50 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Pholiota adiposa Fr. FAT PHOLIOTA State Mus. Mem. 4... .p;. 160, pl. 57, fis. 2-57, Pileus fleshy, firm, hemispheric or broadly conic becoming convex, viscid or glutinous, squamose, yellow, flesh whitish; lamellae close, adnate, yellow or yellowish becoming ferruginous; stem equal or slightly thickened at the base, solid or stuffed, squamose, yellow or sometimes reddish or tawny toward the base, the annulus slight, floccose, fugacious ; spores elliptic, .o003 of an inch long, .ooo2 broad. Pileus 1-4 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 3-6 lines thick. Single or cespitose. Stumps and dead trunks of trees in or near woods. Not rare. September to November. Edible. The scales of the pileus are easily separable and sometimes dis- appear with age. They are generally more highly colored than the pileus. The annulus is often absent in mature specimens and by no means conspicusus in young ones. : Pholiota limonella Pk. LEMON, GOLORED PHOLIOTA Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, sometimes umbonate, viscid, squamose, lemon yellow; lamellae narrow, close, rounded behind, adnexed, whitish becoming ferruginous; stem equal, solid, squamose with recurved scales, smooth above the lacerated annulus, colored like or a little paler than the pileus; spores elliptic, .0003-.00035 of an inch long, .0002—.00024 broad. | Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 1.5—2.5 inches long, 2-3 lines thick. Cespitose. Prostrate trunks of beech, Fagus americana Sweet, in woods. Delaware county. September. This is a very beautiful species of pholiota, but it is as rare as it is beautiful. It has been found but once. It is easily distinguished from its allies by its bright lemon yellow color. Pholiota squarrosoides Pk. SHARP SCALE PHOLIOTA. State Mus. Mem. 54. p. 183, pl. 73, fig. 6-15. Pileus fleshy, firm, subglobose when young, then convex, viscid, squamose, the scales terete, erect, pointed, tawny, densely crowded in the center, scattered toward the margin, there revealing the whitish REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 I5I - color of the pileus, flesh white; lamellae close, sinuate, whitish be- coming brownish ferruginous; stem equal, firm, solid or stuffed, rough with numerous recurved tawny scales below the floccose or lacerated annulus, smooth and white above; spores elliptic, .oo02 of an inch long, .ooo16 broad. Pileus 1-4 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 3-5 lines thick. Single or cespitose. Old stumps and prostrate trunks of decid- uous trees. Edible. Of excellent flavor. Pe sguarrosoides faginea Pk; Plant smaller than im the type and scales more scattered. On dead trunks of beech, Fagus americana Sweet. The sharp scale pholiota may be distinguished from Pholiota squarrosa Mull. by its viscid pileus, its compact, erect, pointed scales, its sinuate lamellae and its smaller brownish ferruginous o> spores. Pholiota ornella Pk. ORNATE PHOLIOTA Agaricus (Hypholoma) ornellus Pk. State Mus. Rep’t 34. p. 42. Pholiota appendiculata Pk. State Mus. Bul. 94. p.33, pl. P, fig.8-17. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex or nearly plane, viscid when moist, shining, squamose with appressed spotlike scales, appendiculate with fragments of the veil, dark red when young, soon fading to pink, finally becoming yellowish brown or grayish brown, flesh at first purplish red, specially in the lower part, whitish or pale yellow when mature; lamellae thin, close, rounded behind, adnexed or decurrent with a tooth, pale yellow or almost white becoming brownish ferru- ginous; stem short, firm, solid or with a small cavity, white above, brownish and squamose below the slight fugacious annulus, white - within, the veil white or pale yellow, at first concealing the young lamellae, soon breaking into fragments and adhering partly to the margin of the pileus and partly to the stem; spores .00024—.0003 of an inch long, o0016—.0002, broad. | ~ Pileus 1-3 inches broad; stem 1-1.5 inches long, 2—4 lines thick. i _ Single or in tufts. Decaying wood and sawdust. Adirondack ___ region, Saratoga and Tompkins counties. July to October. This is a rare species with us and a very perplexing one. The annulus in its best development consists of a mere circle of scales around the upper part of the stem. The greater part of the veil usually adheres to the margin of the pileus. The species has some characters suggestive of Flammula polychroa Berk. from which, however, it may be separated by its squamose pileus 152 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM without any umbo, its more fully developed and white or yellowish veil and its differently colored and adnexed lamellae. From the appendiculate margin it was referred to the genus Hypholoma. BRISLLY ~PROLIOTA Specimens collected later and having a better developed annulus were described as a Pholiota. The viscid pileus with its spotlike ~ scales and appendiculate margin and red, pink or purplish hues, £ fading with age to grayish brown or yellow brown, are characteristic of the species. a Pholiota erinaceélla Pk. : : Agaricus detersibilis Pk, State Mus. Rep’t 28. Bot .eds-s pee Pileus thin, hemispheric or convex, dry, densely coated with small erect separable pyramidal or spinelike scales, tawny brown; lamellae broad, close, adnexed, pallid becoming cinnamon brown; stem equal, stuffed or hollow, densely squamulose below the slight annulus, often curved, colored like the pileus; spores naviculoid, .0003-.00035 of an inch long, .ooo16—.0002 broad. | Pileus 6-12 lines broad; stem 6-12 lines long, 1 line thick. Dead and decaying trunks of deciduous trees in woods. Adiron- dack mountains, Schoharie and Oneida counties. June to Sep- tember. The small soft crowded scales of the pileus, which are easily rubbed away, constitute a prominent character of this species. The annulus is little more than the abrupt termination of the scaly coat- ing of the stem. The name under which the species was first described was found to be preoccupied. This made it necessary ‘O give it another name, and the one here given was chosen. Pholiota squarrosa Mill. j SCALY PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, firm, broadly conic becoming convex or nearly plane, 7 dry, covered wih tawny squarrose scales, yellowish or yellowish 4 brown; lamellae narrow, close, adnate or slightly decurrent, pallid ; becoming ferruginous; stem equal or nearly so, often flexuous, solid é or stuffed, adorned with recurved scales, pallid or tawny brown; spores .0003 of an inch long, .ooor6 broad. Pileus 1-3 inches broad; stem 3-5 inches long, 3-5 lines thick. 3 Prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Adirondack mountains and Rensselaer county. August. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 153 A variable and showy species growing chiefly in dense tufts. The scales of the pileus give it a very rough appearance, specially in the young plant. Pholiota flammans Fr. eYVeeEOy SCALE’ PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, thin, convex becoming nearly plane, dry, sometimes umbonate, yellow or tawny yellow, adorned with paler yellow super- ficial scales, flesh yellowish; lamellae thin, close, rounded behind, adnexed, yellow becoming ferruginous; stem equal, straight or flexuous, squamulose, stuffed or hollow, yellow; spores minute, elliptic, .00016—.0002 of an inch long, .oo012~-.00015 broad. Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 2-3 inches long, 2-3 lines thick. Decaying wood and prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Adiron- dack mountains. August and September. The yellow scale pholiota is one of our most beautiful species. | Its deep yellow or tawny pileus adorned with the paler sulfur colored delicate scales is an attractive sight. The plants grow singly or in tufts. Pholiota comosa Fr. HAIRY PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, obtuse, viscid, squamose with hairy or floccose superficial separable white scales, tawny, flesh compact, white; lamellae broad, slightly decurrent, white becoming brownish clay color; stem somewhat bulbous at first, becoming elongated with age, often curved, solid, fibrillose, whitish, the annulus floccose, soon disappearing ; spores brownish ferruginous, elliptic, .0003-.0004 of an inch long, .o002-.00024 broad. | Pileus 3-4 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 6—12 lines thick. Decaying wood of deciduous trees. Monroe county. The hairy pholiota is a rare species in our State. The locality given is the only one in which the species has been found in our limits. It is doubtful if the variety alba Pk. [State Mus. Rep’t 38, p. 86] belongs to it. It neither agrees in color nor in the size of the spores with the typical form. The specimen from Pittsford, Monroe co. is paler than the European plant but in other respects it shows the specific characters. The bulbous base of the stem is a prominent and peculiar character, tapering gradually into the stem above and having an abrupt short radicating point below. 154: NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM _ Pholiota spectabilis Fr. ORANGE PHOLIOTA. SHOWY PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, compact, convex becoming nearly plane, dry, the cuticle rupturing and forming silky or fibrillose scales, yellow or tawny orange, flesh pale yellow, taste bitter ; lamellae close, narrow, _ adnate or slightly decurrent, yellow becoming ferruginous; stem ventricose or slightly thickened downward, solid, slightly radicating, peronate, mealy above the annulus, fibrillose toward the base; spores elliptic, .ooo8—.ocog of an inch long, .o002—.00024 broad. Pileus 2-4 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 6-10 lines thick. ‘Single or cespitose. Decaying wood and stumps. Queens county. Very rare. — . Pholiota curvipes Fr. CURVE STEM PHOLIOTA va Pileus fieshy but thin, convex becoming nearly plane, obtuse, dry squamulose with minute appressed floccose scales, tawny yellow; lamellae thin, close, adnate, yellow becoming tawny; stem equal or rarely thickened at the base, slender, commonly curved, stuffed or hollow, fibrillose with a slight radiately floccose annulus, yellow; — spores naviculoid, .0003-.0004 of an inch long, .0002—.00024 broad. Pileus 10-18 lines broad ; stem about 1 inch long, 1-2 lines thick. — Decaying wood. Adirondack region and Oneida county. July to September. Our specimens vary in the color of the stem, it being in some cases ferruginous toward the base. The spores also are a little larger than the dimensions given in Sy/loge, but the general agree- ment with the characters of the species is so good that it does not seem best to separate our plant. Pholiota luteofolia Pk. YELLOW GILLED PHOLIGTA Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, dry, squamulose, fibrillose on the margin, pale red or yellowish; lamellae broad, subdistant, sinuate, serrate on the edge, yellow becoming bright ferruginous; stem firm, fibrillose, solid, often curved from its place of growth, annulus slight, fugacious; spores bright ferruginous, .00028 of an inch long, .00016 broad. : REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST I9Q07 155 Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem I-2.5 inches long, 3-5 lines thick. Subcespitose. Dead trunks of birch trees, Betula lutea Mx. Sullivan county. September. The reddish color of the pileus often fades with age. ‘The species is rare and has not been collected recently. In some of its characters it shows a close relationship to Pholiota tuberculosa Fr. from which it may be separated by the absence of a bulbous base to the stem. Pholiota lutea Pk. MetsOw PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, dry, slightly silky and sometimes minutely tloccose squamulose in the center, buff yellow, often a little darker in the center, the thin incurved margin slightly surpassing the lamellae, flesh pale yellow, odor pleasant, taste bitter; lamellae thin, close, rotnded behind, adnexed, pale yellow becoming dark ferrugit:ous; stem firm, solid, thickened at the base, fibrillose, col- ored like the pileus, the annulus superior, slight, fugacious; spores ferruginous, .0003 of an inch long, .ooo2 broad. Pileus 2-4 inches broad; stem 2-3 inches long, 3—5 lines thick. Decaying wood and trunks of trees in woods. Essex county. August. . Pileus hygrophanous Pholiota cerasina Pk. | CHERRY PHOLIOTA Pileus fleshy, firm, broadly convex, glabrous, hygrophanous, cin- namon color when moist, yellow when dry, odor amygdaline, flesh yellow ; iamellae close, sinuate, yellow becoming cinnamon or ferru-— ginous ; stem equal, solid, sometimes curved, furfuraceous above the annulus, which is slight and fugacious; spores elliptic, minutely rough, .0003 of an inch long, .ooo2 broad. Pileus 2-4 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 2-4 lines thick. Commonly cespitose. Old prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Cayuga county. August. A rare species. The amygdaline or cherry odor suggests the specific name. Pholiota acericola Pk. MAPLE -PPHOLIOTA _ Pileus fleshy but thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, glabrous, often rugosely reticulate or corrugated, hygrophanous, yellow or 156 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM sometimes smoky yellow with the center or umbo brownish; lamellae close, sinuate, commonly longitudinally wrinkled when dry, grayish becoming brownish ferruginous ; stem equal or thickened at the base, hollow, fibrillose striate, white or whitish with a large membranous, persistent, deflexed, white annulus ; oes elliptic, .00035 of an inch long, .00024 broad. | Pileus 1-3 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 3—5 lines thick. Mossy trunks of maple trees in woods. Essex, Lewis, Otsego and Schoharie counties. July to September. This species may be easily recognized by its well developed annu- lus, its rugosely reticulate or pitted. pileus and the rugosely wrinkled lamellae of the dried plant. The reticulations of the surface of the pileus usually disappear in drying. When growing in much decayed wood white strings of mycelium develop in the wood. Pholiota discolor Pk. FADING PHOLIOTA Pileus thin, convex becoming .nearly plane or slightly depressed, glabrous, viscid, hygrophanous, cinnamon rufous and striatulate on the margin when moist, bright ochraceous yellow when dry; lamellae narrow, close, pallid or whitish becoming ferruginous; stem equal, hollow, fibrillose, whitish or pallid, sometimes with a white mycelioid tomentum at the base, the annulus distinct, persistent ; spores elliptic, 0003 of an inch long, .ooo2 broad. Pileus S-16 lines broad; stem 1.5-3 inches long, about 1 line thick. . Single or cespitose. Decaying wood and prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Not rare. July to October. The change of color from the moist to the dry state is well marked. The color of the pileus is similar to that of the next fol- lowing species but the viscid pileus separates it. Pholiota dis- color caespitosa Pk. is a mere form, unworthy of being considered a variety. Pholiota autumnalis Pk. AUTUMN PHOLIOTA Agaricus (Naucoria) autumnalis Pk. State Cab. Rept 235g Pileus fieshy but thin, convex, hygrophanous, cinnamon rufous and striatulate on the margin when moist, dingy yellow when dry; oe i he a. tre ie ‘ —— a a — REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 1% lamellae thin, close, slightly sinuate, adnate or slightly decurrent, yellowish becoming subferruginous; stem slender, equal, hollow, fibrillose, colored like but paler than the pileus or sometimes brown- ish toward the base ; Spores .0003—.0004 of an inch long, .oo02—.00024 broad. Pileus 6-16 lines broad; stem 1-2 inches long, 1-2 lines thick. Single or cespitose. Decaying wood in woods. Albany, Rensse- laer and Essex counties. September to November. The annulus is sometimes but slightly developed, and such specimens are liable to be mistakenly referred to the genus Naucoria. Pholiota confragosa Fr. ROUGH PHOLIOT A Pileus fleshy but thin; convex becoming nearly plane, fragile, obtuse, fioccose squamulose becoming naked, hygrophanous, cinna- mon rufous and striate on the margin when moist, tawny when dry; lamellae thin, close, adnate, very narrow, rufous; stem equal, hollow, _fibrillose below the spreading membranous annulus, striate above, pallid or pale ferruginous; spores .o0028-.0003 of an inch long, .0002—.00024 broad. Pileus 1-2 inches. broad ; stem 1—2.5 inches long, 2-3 lines thick. Single or cespitose. Decaying wood and prostrate mossy trunks in woods. Adirondack mountains. September. The scales of the pileus are generally so minute that they are easily overlooked. The whole plant is nearly of one color. It is quite fragile and should be handled carefully. The dimensions of the spores are taken from the American plant, as the publications of the European authors do not agree in respect to this character. Pholiota marginella Pk. Sid Gl fl Bl eg MARGINED PHOEIOV: Pileus fleshy, convex becoming nearly plane, glabrous, hygropha- nous, yellowish red or subferruginous and usually striatulate on the margin when young or moist, whitish or yellowish buff when dry, the young margin slightly silky with whitish fibrils; lamellae thin, close, adnexed, minutely eroded on the edge, whitish becoming dark ferruginous; stem equal or nearly so, flexuous, fibrillose below the ~ slight fugacious annulus, mealy or pruinose above, stuffed or hollow, whitish or pallid, sometimes with a white mycelioid tomentum at 158 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM TAN the base; spores elliptic, .00024—.0003 of an inch long, .00016-.0002 — broad. ; Pileus 1-2 inches broad; stem 2-4 inches long, 2-4 lines thick. Single or cespitose. Decaying wood. Essex county. June. Found but once. The species is apparently related to Pholiota marginata (Batsch) from which it may be distinguished by its even fibrillose margin, adnexed lamellae and paler uniformly col-_ ored stem. In drying, the moisture, as usual in hygrophanous species, first disappears from the center of the pileus. ~ LATIN DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF PLANTS Crataegus verrucalis Frutex vel arbor parva, 2-4 m alta, trunci diametro 2.5-5 cm; ramis longis, tenuibus, divergentibus, erectisve, trunci ramorumque magnorum cortice verrucoso, spinis leviter curvatis rectisve, cas- _ taneis, nitidis, 2.5-4 cm long. Folia ovata vel subovata, acuta acuminatave, basi rotundata vel cuneata, pullulantia tincta fusco-rubro et superiore pubescentia, ma-_ tura flava-viridia, nitida, glabra, 4-4.5 cm long. 2.5-3 cm lat., in ramis robustis late ovata vel suborbiculata, basi rotundata. Flores 4-I0 in quoque corymbo, 1.2-1.4 cm lat. pediculis leviter villosis, calycis lobis extus glabris, intus hirtellis, staminibus 5-10, antheris rubris, stylis 2-4, plerumque 3. Poma subglobosa ovaliave, I1-1.2 cm long. 8-10 mm lat., vivida rubra, persistentiora, seminibus plerumque 3, 6.5-7 mm _ long. 3.5—4 lat. In locis montanis. Clitocybe subcyathiformis Pileo carnoso, tenui, late convexo, demum subplano vel centro depresso, glabro, hygrophano, madido albido striatulatoque margine, sicco albo vel centro leviter flavido, carne alba, sapore miti; lamellis tenuibus, subconfertis, adnato-decurrentibus, albidis; stipite subae- quale, farcto, fibrilloso-reticulato, albido, saepe basi albo tomentoso; — sporis ellipsoideis, 6-8 x 4-5 v. Pileus 2.5—-5 cm lat.; stipes 2.5—-4 cm long., 4-8 mm. lat, In locis humidis sub alnis betulisque. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 159 Hygrophorus coloratus Pileo-carnoso, convexo subplanove, saepe umbonato, levi, viscoso, luteo, aurantiaco vel cinnabarino, carne alba, sub pellicula flava; - lamellis inaequalibus, distantibus, arcuatis, adnato-decurrentibus, albis flavescentibusve; stipite aequale, subinde deorsum incrassato, glutinoso, farcto cavove, albo vel leviter flavo, in juventute subinde velo floccoso ad apicem; sporis 8-10 x 5-6 p. Pileus 2.5-6.5 cm lat.; stipes 5-7.5 cm long., 4-8 mm lat. In locis humidis sub arboribus laricinis abietinisque. Clitopilus subplanus ~ Pileo tenui, late convexo, demum subplano, centro leviter depresso aut distincte umbilicato, glabro, albido, carne alba; lamellis tenuibus, | confertis, adnato-decurrentibus, sordide incarnatis; stipite tenui, . glabro, tereti compressove, farcto, demum cavo, albido; sporis in- carnatis, angulosis, uninucleatis, 10-12 x 6-8». Pileus 2.5-4 cm lat.; stipes 2.5-4 cm long., 2+4 mm lat. Inter folia putrescentia in silvis. Nolanea suaveolens Pileo submembrano, convexo, umbilicato, obscure fibrilloso im- politove, margine indistincte striato, fumoso; lamellis tenuibus, inaequalibus, confertis, adnatis, albidis, demum sordide rosaceis; stipite tenue, glabro, cavo, fusco; sporis angulosis, uninucleatis, Vi ot eae ase Pileus 1.5-4 cm lat.; stipes 3-5 cm long., I mm lat. — In silvis. Specimina exsiccata odorem gratum, Lactarii ‘glyciosmi et L. camphorati illum simulantem emittunt. -Pholiota duroides Pileo tenui, convexo, demum subplano, glabro, subinde centro leviter rimoso-squamoso, ex albo ochraceoluteo; carne alba, sapore miti; lamellis tenuibus, confertis, angustis, adnexis, subinde late sinuatis et dente decurrentibus, albidis, demum fusco-ferrugineis ; stipite aequale, farcto cavove, glabro, albido, annulo crasso, lanugi- ‘noso, saepe lacerato evanescenteque, albo; sporis late ellipticis, 6-8 X 4-5 p. eS Pileus 2.5-5 cm lat.; stipes 2.5-5 cm long., 4-8 mm lat. 160 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM In silvis. E Pholiota dura (Bolt.) Fr. in ‘colore;aeagme molliore sporisque minoribus differit. Inter Pholiotam et Strop- hariam ambigua. Flammula pulchrifolia Pileo carneo, tenui, hemisphaerico, deinde convexo, viscidulo, hygrophano, fibrilloso, subinde centro squamuloso, margine fibrilloso, _ rosaceo, subinde pallido; carne alba, amara; lamellis tenuibus, confertis, adnatis, subinde leviter sinuatis, albidis, mox nitide luteis vel fulvo-ochraceis; stipite aequale, farcto cavove, pallido, saepe basi flavo, apice fibrilloso e velo; sporis in strato tenui fulvo- ochraceis, in strato crasso ochraceo—luteis, 7.5-8 x 5-6 ps | Pileus 2.5—5 cm lat.; stipes 2.54 cm long., 3-4 mm lat. Ad lignum Ties Ca nad ex sas (Garr, Clavaria ornatipes Gregaria, 2.5-5 cm alta, sparse ramosa; stipite gracile, hirsuto, fusco; ramulis paucis, irregularibus, teretibus, albidis griseis vel cinereis, acutis obtusisve; sporis late ellipticis vel subglobosis, 8-11 x 6-8 z. Inter muscos in locis humidis silvarum. Clavaria trichopus Pers. New York State Museum Re- port 24, page 82. Noster fungus est distinctus in colore, habitate paucitateque ramorum. Myxosporium necans Acervuli in lineis longis sub epidermide nidulantes, erumpentes, intus albidi; conidiis oblongo-ellipticis in massas albas cirrosve fla- vido-albos expulsis, saepe binucleatis, 0-10 x 2-3 y». In cortice Pruni virginianae L. vivae. Fungus fruticem mox necat. | | ATION OF PLATES EXPLAN Clitocybe subcyathiformis Pk. SAUCER CLITOCYBE | I Immature plant with moist pileus © 2 Immature plant with dry pileus ori Two mature plants inert at oe base Bk 6 Four spores, D4 “400 Russula pusilla as SMALL RUSSULA © 38 Two immature ed Boies 2 the upper su pileus 11 Large mature pine aie ‘color of the lamellae 12 Vertical section of an immature plant ! 13 Vertical section of a mature plant 14 Four spores, x 400 : 162 > * Y. aise MUS. 61 EDIBLE FUNGI PLATE 110 ¥ Fie. 1-6. Fic. 7-14. _ CLITOCYBE SUBCYATHIFORMIS Px. RUSSULA PUSILLA Px. : SAUCER CLITOCYBE a | SMALL, RUSSULA phat? : Rian’ via aE I gs F x j R i P ’ 4 a% . + é : 3 le ic. =I ‘ ) te os —— < * Collybia dryoukits (Bull,) Fr 2 jot awagarah aes Port cae LOVING CoLLyBIA, 1 Immature ae 7 = a 2 Cluster of three plants, two of them immature es 3,4 Two plants with the pileus more highly colore 5 Mature plant with ae eas fully expanded 2 7 Mediaze plant with micas highly colored Es ste 8 Vertical section of the upper part of an immat 9 Vertical section of the upper part of a mature panded pileus- . eee 10 Transverse section of a stem | 11 Four spores, x 400 ~ “ EDIBLE FUNGI PLATESA11 ee ee ee ee IY ’ COLLYBIA DRYOPHILA (BuLL:)> FR. OAK LOVING COLLYBIA pe ~ PLATE Fi2 - - Crepidotus malachius B. & C. Sort SKINNED CREPIDOTUS 1 Mature plant showing the upper surface of the pile 2 Mature plant showing the lower surface of the Pp us 3 Vertical section of a mature plant | :, 4 Four spores, x 400 Stropharia bilamellata Pk. ~DouUBLE GILLED STROPHARIA. 5 Immature plant with pileus convex : ay 6 Mature plant with pileus expanded | ee 7 Vertical section of the upper part of an immature pl 8 Vertical section of the upper part of a mature plant 9 Transverse section of a stem . 1o Four spores, x 400 ) 166 N. Y. STATE MUS. 61 EDIBLE FUNGI PLATE 112 Fic. 1-4. Fie. 5-10. CREPIDOTUS MALACHIUS B. & C. STROPHARIA BILAMELLATA PK. SOFT SKINNED CREPIDOTUS DOUBLE GILLED STROPHARIA ¥ . rere ¥ = ° , , : Z . be ~ , Fee ; ey , - &X% . « - * t ‘ 2 * r ‘ ~ di AS a cue oy “= v mh? ee ea 5 Ts saline GO ~- “n -. ‘. bi ~ *. he {2 ' = ps ; an Tae - ft Soe r = * 4 & . : ™ te . Seo ~ -T- = - x - te, — ‘vl ks y 24 “ta ” . . = ‘ Z t . < a : Boletus niveus Fr. . SNowy BoLetus ie a 1 Immature plant ig er 2 Mature plant 1a Vertical section of the eee part of an immature’ 3 4 Vertical section of the upper part of a mature plant 5 Four spores, x (400 = pe 168 ad BF ts > a ' e = 4 i a = ‘ ) * ; t t . 2. y 7 > x i e: s \ ie 7 7 ’ ~ T f é : “ ~ 4 De PS q 2 5 _ ‘ 3 “ i —— « ™ i - “. ' . y ; we" ee. SG) ‘GD PLATE 113 EDIBLE FUNGI N. Y. STATE MUS. 61 _—” UT a ees BOLETUS NIVEUS Fr. SNOWY BOLETUS PLATE Ii4 Lycoperdon subincarnatum Pk. PINKISH PUFFBALL 1 Cluster of three plants 2 Plant darker colored 3 Mature plant showing pitted peridium 4 Vertical section of an immature plant 5 Vertical section of a mature plant 6 Four spores, x 400 } = Lycoperdon gemmatum Batsch STUDDED PUFFBALL 7 Immature plant of usual size and shape 8 Immature plant showing an umbo 9g Sessile plant showing reticulated surface from which the larger warts have fallen 10 Long stemmed plant showing plicate base of peridium and upper part of stem, also reticulated place from which the larger warts have fallen 11 Long stemmed plant with larger warts closely placed and upper part of stem coarsely pitted 12 Vertical section of a small immature plant 13 Vertical section of a mature plant with stem tapering down- ward 14 An old denuded discolored plant 15 Four spores, x 400 170 Se ee aS /? Ieee eee ee 2 a EDIBLE FUNGI N.Y. STATE MUS. 61 PLATE 114 Fic. 1-6. Fic. 7-15. LYCOPERDON SUBINCARNATUM PK. LYCOPERDON GEMMATUM BatTscH PINKISH PUFF BALL 3 STUDDED PUFF BALL “qd Acer saccharum, 1409. Agaricus (Naucoria) autumnalis, 156. detersibilis, 152. (Tricholoma) lacunosus, 132. (Hypholoma) ornellus, 151. Ajuga reptans, 17. Amelanchier spicata, 135. Aster paniculatus bellidiflorus, 131. Autumn pholiota, 156-57. Baxter, mentioned, 26. . Bedstraw, upright, 21. — Berkeley, cited, 135. Betula lutea, 155. Biatora prasina, 17. Biatorella simplex, 17. - Boletus niveus, 17, 140-41. explanation of plate, 168. Seaner:.-17, TAT. Bristly pholiota, 152. Burnham, Stewart H., work of, 6. Carya glabra odorata, I3I. Castanea dentata, 131. Centaura solstitialis, 17. Cetraria glauca, 17. Chaetomium sphaerospermum, 17. Cherry pholiota, 155. Cladonia bacillaris, 18. delicata, 18. - squamosa, 18. Clavaria ornatipes, 18, 160. trichopus, 18, 160. Clinton, Judge, cited, 67. Clitocybe, cup shaped, 137. saucer, 136-37. Clitocybe cyathiformis, 137. dealbata, 137. subcyathiformis, 18, 136-37, 158. explanation of plate, 162. INDEX } Clitopilus caespitosus, 131. carneoalbts, 18. conissans, 131-32, 132. noveboracensis, I31. subplanus, 18, I509. -Collybia dryophila, 137-38. explanation of plate, 164. lacunosa, 132. Crataegus flora of western New York, some additions to, by C. S. Sargent, 26-83; notes on a collec- tion made by G. D. Cornell near Coopers Plains, Steuben county, by C. S. Sargent, 84-114; New York species of, from various localities, by C. S. Sargent, 115-30. Crataegus acclivis, 66, 71. acerba, 19, 93-94. admiranda, 20, 77, 80-S8r. affinis, 20. amoena, 19, 35, 38-39, S6. anomala, 19:3" arcana, 395. °37.. O5. arduennae, 19, 26, 27. aridula, 19, 36, 43-44. asperifolia, 75, 76. barbara, 10;--30,..33-34. barryana, 19, 36, 52-53, 93. beata, 85. bella, 20, 57, 61, 102. bissellii, 132. _boothiana, 20, 56, 58-59. brachyloba, 20, 75-76. bronxensis, I9, II5—16. calvini, 20, 77, 81-82. celsa, 10, °30)- 31-32. cerasina, 19, 26, 29-30. chateaugayensis, 20, 121-22. claytoniana, 20, 120-21. clintoniana, I9, 35, 39-40. 171 172 Crataegus (continued) coccinea, ‘72. var. rotundifolia, 72. cognata, 35, 41, 88. colorata, 56, 60. Ccomians, -20)3 12-4 7 conferta, 20, 57, 62-63. congestiflora, 19, 36, 44-45. cornellii, 20, 105-6. cruda, 19, 36, 54-55. crus- -galli var. iii clie: 20. dayana, 20, 65, 66-67. delawarensis, 56. - desueta, 19, 84-85. dewingii, 19, 30, 34-35. dissociabilis, 19, 95-96. dissona, 92. diversa, 1I09~I0. dodgei, 72, 104. dunbari, 75, 76. durobrivensis, 72. efferata, 20, 128-29. exclusa;. To. -ferentaria, “77, 82; 114. Anitima, 20, 77.7 S70: floridula, 20, 126-27. foetida, 104. foliata,- 10; 36; 753-54. formosa, 35, 4I. {rutescens) 20, “Ti3si4: fucata, 20, 99-100. geneseensis, 19, 26, 27. genialis, 57, 62, to02. glaucophylla, 102. | gloriosa, 20, 66, 70-71. gracilipes, 20, I19~-20. gracilis, 19, 35, 37-38, 86. hatryl; 20)-124=25; holmesiana, 66, 71. honeoyensis, 20, 129-30. ignea, 20, 96-97. implicata, 19, 36, 49-50. inopinata, 20, 108-9. insignata, 20, 101-2. intricata, I04. inusitula, 19, 36, 55-56, 96. leiophylla, 35, 41. leptopoda, 20, 118-10. letchworthiana, 20, 65, 68-60. limosa, 20, 65, 67-68. NEW. YORK STATE MUSEUM Crataegus (continued) - livingstoniana, I9, 116-17. luminosa, 20, 57, 63-64. macera, 19, 117—18.. macracantha, 77, 83. macrocalyx, 19, 89-90. maineana, 36, 46. matura, 103. modesta, 106. ; neobaxteri, 20, 72, 74-75, nescia, 20, I0O-I. notabilis, 19, 30, 32-33. numerosa, I9, 90-QI. oblita;. 10,35, 40-44: Ornata, 57, ‘60; .TO3: ovatifolia, 19, 92-93. pausiaca, 32. pedicellata, 66, 69, 71. pellecta, 19, 85-86. _placiva, 19, 36, 46-47. plana, TQ, 36, 45-46, 92. praecoqua, 124. : promssa,>.10,.-36, 50-5m pruinosa, 35, 37. puberis, 20, 72, 73. pulchra. 10,360,082: punctata, 30. radians, 20, 64-65. radiata, TO; 3b) As-9z ramosa, 19, 86-87. recta, 20, 97-08. repulsans, 20, 107-8. robusta, 19, 26, 28-20. rubicunda, 56, 60. rubrolutea, 19, 88-80. scabrida, 75, 76. sejuncta, 66, 71. simulans, 20, 125-26. singularis, 20, 106-7. slavini, 20, 56, 57-58. spatifolia, 20, 98-99. spinifera, 20, III-I2. Spissa, 20, 122-23. steubenensis, 20, 103-4. streeterae, 57, 62, 103. strigosa, 19, 36, 51-52. _ structilis, 20, 77, I12. suavis, 20, 56, 59-60, 102. suborbiculata, 10. succulenta, 77, 80. Reto “ ae he Le 2. > Ly a a aa my ods ie, =) a + 2 read >t : “« _ Ser ate D me rs Ao Oa | oe INDEX TO REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 173 Crataegus (continued) tenuiloba, 57, 62. tomentosa, IIo. ‘tortuosa, 19, 36, 47-48. uncta, 19, QI-92. venustula, 20, 77, 79-80. verecunda, 105. verrucalis, 20, 123-24, 158. xanthophylla, 19, 36, 48-40. Crenulate pholiota, 149. Crepidotus malachius, 130. explanation of plate, 166, Cronartium ribicola, 20. Cup shaped clitocybe, 137. Curtis, cited, 135. Curve stem pholiota, 154. Cut gilled pholiota, 146. Cypripedium arietinum, 132. Day, David Fisher, cited, 67. Dewing, mentioned, 26. Diaporthe parasitica, 20. Dunbar, John, mentioned, 26. Edible fungi, 6, 135-41. Erysimum cheiranthoides, 133. Explanation of- plates, 161-70. Fading pholiota, 156. Fagus americana, 150. Fat pholiota, 150. Flammula, 141. polychroa, I51. pulchrifolia, 21, 160. Fungi, edible, 6, 135-41. Galium erectum, 21. mollugo, 21. Geoglossum nigritum, 133. peckianum, 133. -Habenaria ciliaris, 133. Hairy pholiota, 153-54. Howe pholita, 147. ' Hydnum septentrionale, 133. Hygrophorus aureus, 22. bresadolae, 22. colofatus, 21,. 150. lacmus, 22. speciosus, 22. Hypholoma hydrophilum, 131-32. ornellus, see Agaricus (Hypholo- ma) ornellus. perplexum, 133. sublateritium, 133. Hypocrea polyporoidea, 22. Johnson pholiota, 147. Lactarius camphcratus, 23, 159. glyciosmus, 23, 159. minusculus, 22. subdulcis, 22. Latin descriptions of new species of plants, 158-60. Leaia. piperata; 22: Lecanora privigna, 17. Lecides, platyearpay- 22. Lemon colored pholiota, r50. Lenzites sepiaria dentifera, 24. Lophiotrema semiliberum, 22. Lotus corniculatus, 23. Lycoperdon gemmatum, 135-36. explanation of plate, 170. subincarnatum, 135. explanation of plate, 170. Madder, wild, 21. Maple pholiota, 155-56. Metzgeria conjugata,. 23. Monilia crataegi, 23. Morchella deliciosa, 133-34. Myxosporium necans, 23, 160. Narrow stem pholiota, 145. Naucoria, I4I. autumnalis, see Agaricus (Nau- coria) autumnalis. semiorbicularis, 146. Nolanea stiaveolens, 23, 150. Oak loving ccllybia, 137-38. Ochrosporae, I4I. — Orange pholiota, 154. Ornate pholiota, 151-52. Parmelia cetrata, 24. perforata, 23. Peridermium strobi, 20. , 174 | NEW YORK STATE, MUSEUM — Pholiota, New York species, Tar 58. autumn, 156-57. bristly, 152. brown, 146. cherry, 155. crenulate, 149. curve stem, 154. cut gilled, 146. early. qs. Me fading, 156. fat, 3150. hairy, 153-54. hardish, 148-49. Howe, 147. Johnson, 147. lemon colored, I50. little cloak, 145. maple, 155-56. narrow stem, 145. orange, I54. ornate, I51—52. rough, 157. rugose, 144. scaly, 152-53. sharp scale, 150-51. showy, 154. slightly margiied, 157-58. smallest, 143. thread stem, 144-45. wormy, 147-48. wrinkled, 143-44. yellow, 155. yellow gilled, 154-55. yellow scale, 153. Pholiota, 6, I41. acericola, 143, 155-50. adiposa, 142, I50. aggericola, 142, 146. retirugis, 146. albocrenulata,: 142, 149. angustipes, 142, 145. appendiculata, 151. — autumnalis, 143, 156-57. caperata, 142, 143-44. cefdsiniay s1Ags; 755. comosa, 142, 153. Vor. alba. 15a. confragosa; 143, 157. curvipes, 142, 154. Pholiota (continued) discolor, 143, 150. caespitosa, 150. dura, 149, 160. . duroides, 24, 142, 148-49, 159-60. - erinaceélla, 142, 152. filaris, 142, 144-45. flammans, 142, 153. howeana, 142, 147. indecens, 146. johnsoniana, 142, 147. limonella, 142, 150. lutea. 242. S155: : luteofolia, 142, 154-55. marginata, 158. marginella, 143, 157-58. minima, 142, 143. mycenoides, 143. ornella, 141, °142;-E50=52s praecox, 142, 146, 148, 149. _ minor, 148.’ sylvestris, 148. ; pumila, 143. a punctulata, 145. rugosa, 142, 144. spectabilis, 142, 154. — squarrosa, 142, I5I, 152-53. squarrosoides, 142, 150-51. faginea, 15. temnophylla, 142, 146. tetrigena, ~ T45. togularis, 142, 144, 145. tuberculosa, 155. vermiflua, 142, 147-48. Physcia hypoleuca, 24. F Plants, species added to collection, : 5, 7-9; species not before re- ported, 5, 17-25; contributors, list — of, 9-106. Plates, explanation of, 161-70. Polyporus alboluteus, 24. spraguei, 24. volvatus, 134. Poe Polystictus montagnei, 24. Psilocybe conissans, 132. 's spadicea, 131. vee Puffball, pinkish, 135. studded, 135-36. Rinodina oreina, 24. "§ Rough pholiota, 157. Bs INDEX TO REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST 1907 Rugose pholiota, 144. Russula, small, 138. Russula aeruginea, 24. pusilla, 138. explanation of plate, 162. Salix serissima, 135. Sargent, C. S., Some Additions to the Crataegus Flora of Western New York, 26-83; Notes on a Collection of Crataegus made by Mr G. D. Cornell in the Neigh- borhood of Coopers Plains, Steuben County, N. Y., 84-114; New York species of Crataegus from various localities, 115-30. Saucer clitocybe, 136-37. Scaly pholiota, 152-53. Sharp scale pholiota, 150-51. Showy pholiota, 154. Slightly margined pholiota, 157-58. Snowy boletus, 140. _ Soft skinned crepidotus, 1309. Sphaeronema pruinosum, 135. 175 Sphaeropsis lyndonvillae, 25. persicae, 25. Stereocaulon coralloides, 25. Stropharia bilamellata, 25, 139-40. explanation of plate, 166. coronilla, 140. Studded puffball, 135-36. Thread stem pholiota, 144-45. Trentepohlia umbrina, 25. Tricholoma lacunosus, see Agari- cus (Tricholoma) lacunosus. nudum, 131. personatum, I3I. sordidum, 131. Tubercularia davisiana, 25. Viola vagula, 25. Wormy pholiota, 147-48. Wrinkled pholiota, 143-44. Yellow gilled pholiota, 154-55. Yellow pholiota, 155. Yellow scale pholiota, 153. ; t j - preA RES Kian Paw, 232 iP fie aA Rey i! i 4 ahs cae Byes : a : 4 } i SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES MOTION 3 9088 01300 6093