HARV ARD “UNIMERSITY. LIBRARY OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. \DRO- GIFT OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ. Name 419,09, Ni Sie i RR RU : i i" Hain i; ay nh 0 my i i Ne ar ns f Live Hi i He! wh HA tht ; f ate as ts ik bet | ony rll y af i Hy, I ae) i sie Aiur un ae if qu 1" ‘ea My Hitt a Ph i Ply we. f reve UT a f ti) i an This Lh y ce a 7 uy ( a hie vit ee hire. Frade - cen RG ey : yeti i rite ii li). , i Hp uF ; Ay An ’ me she ihn F Nn i Na ; i om } =U yee ive ’ ; Pais i ; aN Ve LOG H , at ; Fae anda Caer Baza bad wife Wk? ¥ aes yt) ip oat oy en Nut ‘ye aie iy Abt, i bik ey Ne Airy : Pa iA ue ; a fe ahh UL aaah vial sh ASA Re ‘ - | * ‘ aed 3% of. : Ab, : oy, Nelo. ioe . 7 0 * h ‘ . ; ‘ * * . * « a i * , . , < Pi! ‘ 4 > ¥ ‘ j ‘ s i = . rT] - i 2 oy ‘ Jie ’ « pi : : 2 J ‘CadH woud GaN AHL AO NOILYOd {ee EES oe : ; ; 53 a 5 * de A A RS b4/ i hee tS, Pali . on iw 3 +e J “5 ree oa ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT Nea Aaah Oo tte 6 merOnOG bOoAl SO CIE TY CHARTERED IN 1895 OBJECRSSOb™ HES SOCIETY. A PUBLIC ZOOLOGICAL PARK THE PRESERVATION OF OUR NATIVE ANIMALS THE SPROMOPTION- OF ZOOLOGY 1906 v NEW YORK OFFICESOF “THESSOGIETY, 11 WALL, STREET JANUARY, 10907 YARhetl YEOIVOS C00 ,€U0 FEIN BAOIREM LD CoPpyRIGHT, 1907, BY THE NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY \ The Kalkbhoff Company Hew Bork Contents PAGE THE BoarD OF MANAGERS ; : : ; : : eee) OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY . ; ‘ ; : : eter List oF MEMBERS : : ; : : , é ; ; 3 REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. : ; : ee ASE THe NATIONAL COLLECTION OF HEADS AND Horns _. SAA TREASURER’S REPORTS . : : : 3 p : : 4S General Fund . ; [ : : 2 : : ay CAS Income Account : . 5 ; é ' : et Animal Fund . : ; ; : : : : sy Maintenance Fund oes ‘ : ; 4 : » 46 Ground Improvement Fund. : ; : ee Vi Aquarium Improvement Fund : : : : Ag Aquarium Fund 50 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 5 k ; : IV.T. Hornaday 53 AQUARIUM REPORT 3 : : ; : Charles H. Townsend 83 THE CULTIVATION OF FISHES , : : : ‘ 5 Charles H. Townsend 8&9 List oF GIFTs : ; ; : é : : : : SALI REPORT OF THE VETERINARIAN : ‘ ; : : : W.. Reid Bla, D.V.S., 127 A PECULIAR SKIN DISEASE ; : é : : ; W. Reid Blair, D.V.S. 132 ACTINOMYCOSIS IN BLACK MOUNTAIN SHEEP ; E ; Wired. Bian e217. S. 137 GROWTH OF THE ALLIGATOR : : , : ; Raymond L. Ditmars 143 OwLs OF THE NEARCTIC REGION : ; : ; : C. Wilham Beebe 157 List oF Brirps : : ; ; . C. Wiliam Beebe 193 By-Laws L ; : ; : : ; : : : 3 23 INDEX ae ee SE PE eae wt cit LN PIO) a ' ‘ at List of Mlustrations PAGE PorTION OF THE RED DEER HERD . : 3 : : . Frontispiece PoLtaR BEAR : ; 3 : : : ; : E : : SO Arctic Fox : i : : : : : ; : : ; 2 Boston Roap ENTRANCE : é : ; ; t : >» 8 SMALL-DEER HOUSE . : : ; ; : : 3 : : 5 KS New Boat House . : : 5 ; : Z : 4 | FS INTERIOR OF THE AQUARIUM BUILDING IN I850 . 3 5 : ceo? YELLOW PERCH . ‘ ? é ; , ; : 3 , 5 i008) CRAPPIE ; : : é : , ; ; ; ; ‘ : 5 C2 LarGe-MouTHED BLAck Bass ; F : 4 : + OB Lonc-EArED SUNFISH : : : : : : ; : : 3 OF Carico Bass : : : ; ; 4 ; : ; ; 5° 296 CROSS-SECTION OF DAM . E : : : : : : ; 5 Gy WHITE PERCH . : : 5 , f ; : ‘ ‘ : S100 Rock Bass . : : : : : j : ; : : : = 101 ARTIFICIAL SPAWNING NEST . : : 3 E E ; : 9 3105 CATFISH : , , : : : ; : : : : . LOO WuHuitEeE Bass _. i : 2 ; : : ; , 3 5 oy PRIMATE House ‘ : : : : \ : ‘ : 5 ae Ear OF AFRICAN ELEPHANT . : : : : : : P 5 ete) SECTION OF SKIN OF AFRICAN ELEPHANT . : ‘ : 5 TER AcCTINOMYcosIs, PLATE I . ; , , : : ; P : 1B Actinomycosts, PLate II : : ; : ; : : : 5 ates THE ALLIGATOR PooL : : J , 3 : ; : : AS ALLIGATORS IN THEIR SUMMER Poot . , : , : : Aa FLorIDA CROCODILE. é 3 5 ; ; ‘ d 3 f 5 alg RoUGH-EYED CAIMAN : : : ; : : y : 5 ake HEAD OF FLORIDA CROCODILE . 3 , : é ; ; 3 5 ZG) AMAZON CAIMAN 2 é : : ; ; . : , : erSO CAROLINA ALLIGATOR : A : é : ; ; : : 5 LH YouNnG ScREECH OwWLs . i F 5 , : 5 : 56) Barn Ow. : : : , ‘ : : : ; ; : 5 ACS) SHORT-EARED OwL 3 ; q : ; : 3 : 5 Wo 8 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. LONG-EARED OWL : Eccs AND YOUNG OF Lonc-EARED OwL YounG GREAT Hornep Owts Younc Barn Ow. BARRED OwL : : GREAT GRAY OwL AND ELF OwL Saw-WHeET OwL ScCREECH OwL GREAT HorNED OwL Snowy Ow. Hawk Ow. WESTERN BurRROWING OWL FERRUGINOUS Picmy OwL PAGE 171 172 173 174 175 177 179 179 181 184 187 188 IOI Board of Managers _\ Hon. Grorce B. McCLeLian, Mayor of New York, ae (Hon. Moses HerrMan, President Dep’t of Parks. CLASS OF 1908 HeNry FAIRFIELD OSBORN, Hucu D. AUCHINCLOSS, CHARLES T. BARNEY, CHARLES F. DIETERICH, Wituiam C. CHURCH, James J. HILt, LISPENARD STEWART, GEORGE F. BAKER, H. Casimir DE RHAM, GRANT B. SCHLEY, GEORGE CROCKER, PayNE WHITNEY. CLASS OF 1909 Levi P. Morton, MADISON GRANT, ANDREW CARNEGIE, WILLIAM WHITE NILES, Morris K. Jesup, SAMUEL THORNE, Joun L. CADWALADER, Ee Nry AG. Ayvior, Joun S. BaARNEs, HucuH J. CHISHOLM, WINTHROP RUTHERFURD, WiLiiamM D. SLOANE. CLASS OF 1910 F. AuGusTUSs SCHERMERHORN, CLEVELAND H. DopcE, Percy R. Pyne, C. LEpyarp BLAIR, GEORGE B. GRINNELL, CORNELIUS VANDERBILT, Jacos H. Scuirr, NELSON RopiInson, Epwarp J. BERWIND, FREDERICK GILBERT BOURNE, GEORGE C. CLARK, W. Austin WapsSwortTH. OFFICERS OF THE New York Zoological Society President: HON, LEVI PS MORTON: First Vice-President: Second Vice-President: HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN. JOHN L. CADWALADER. Executive Committee CHARLES T. BARNEY, Chairman, JOHN S. BARNES, MADISON GRANT, PERCY. R PYNE; WILLIAM WHITE NILES, SAMUEL THORNE, HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, LEVI P. MORTON, Ex-officio. Secretary: MADISON GRANT, 11 Wall Street. Treasurer: PDI IRE Te IN/Ie, 52 Wall Street. Director of the Zoological Park: WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, 183d Street and Southern Boulevard. Director of the Aquarium: CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Battery Park, Architects: HEINS & LA FARGE. Consulting Landscape Architect: JAMES L. GREENLEAPF. Consulting Engineer: Isl, IDyo! 18), IPVNIRSOUNTS) Scientific Council WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, Chairman. J. A. ALLEN, American Museum of Natural History. FRANK M. CHAPMAN, American Museum of Natural History. WILLIAM STRATFORD, College of the City of New York. CHARLES L. BRISTOL, University of New York. GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, Editor of Forest and Stream. HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, Columbia University. CHARLES B. DAVENPORT, Director Biological Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N. Y. CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Director of the New York Aquarium. MADISON GRANT, Secretary New York Zoological Society, Ex-officio. CHARLES T. BARNEY, Chairman Executive Committee, E--officio. Officers of the Zoological Park WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, Director and General Curator. EDS Re MT © ET Deore. neta ieee Chief Clerk and Disbursing Officer. RAYMOND? DIERNUATRS: Sanne reenter ricer Curator of Reptiles. CAWiE BAM B EB ae ee See el Se Re de Curator of Birds. EW MEBRIREIE poeta tee elec toe ae Chief Forester and Constructor. GEORGE MAE DE RIB OWI Re te cen eect ns ore ces Civil Engineer. EE WiENGRSESAIN BORING ae oes eee Photographer and Assistant Editor. Medical Staff. HAR LOWS=BROOKS ME Dice ecco eer Pathologist. Wi RE TD MB IADR gE SS) aso ese rane ee a V eterinarian. Aguarium Committee CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Chairman. CHARLES L. BRISTOL, University of New York. BASHFORD DEAN, Columbia University. ALFRED G. MAYER, Tortugas Laboratory of Carnegie Institute. CHARLES B. DAVENPORT, Director Biological Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N. Y. THOMAS H. MORGAN, Columbia University. EDMUND B. WILSON, Columbia University. WILLIAM E. DAMON. ROSWELL MORSE SHURTLEFF. Officers of the Aquarium CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Director. LEONARD B. SPENCER....Asst. in Charge of Fresh-water Collections. WASHINGTON I. DE NYSE.....Asst. in Charge of Marine Collections. EBENJR2o SAVED SON xs.2 a op-tan ieee oe acne Clerk and Disbursing Officer. MEMBERS OF THE New York Zoological Society Honorary Hembers Pror. J. A. ALLEN, Pror. ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, Tue DuKeE oF BEDForD, Mr. ArtTHUR ERWIN Brown, Dr. FRANK M. CHAPMAN, Pror. DanteL Giraup EZ: Lior, *Str WILLIAM FLOWER, *Dr. F. L’Hoest, Dr. C. Hart MeErRIAM, Hon. Lionet WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Dr. Puitie LurLtey ScLATER. BARNEY, CHARLES T., CARNEGIE, ANDREW, ROCKEFELLER, WILLIAM, Baker, GeEorGeE F., BarNES, JOHN S., BERWIND, Epwarp J., BourRNE, FREDERICK GILBERT, CADWALADER, JOHN L., DIETERICH, CHARLES F., *Dopce, WILLIAM E., *GOELET, ROBERT, GouLp, GEORGE J., GouLp, Miss HELEN MILLer, *HUNTINGTON, C. P., Morean, J. PIERPONT, Benefactors ScuiFF, Jacos H., THORNE, SAMUEL, *WuiITNEY, Hon. Wittiam C. Founders Morton, Hon. Levi P., *OTTENDORFER, OSWALD, PAYNE, Cot. OLIVER H., Pyne, Percy RIvINGTON, ROCKEFELLER, JOHN D., SCHERMERHORN, F. AuGusTUS, THomeson, Mrs. FRepDERIC FERRIS, SLOANE, WILLIAM D., Tayior, Henry A. C., Trevor, Mrs. JouHn B., *\/ ANDERBILT, CORNELIUS, VANDERBILT, WILLIAM K., Woop, Mrs. ANTOINETTE ENO. Associate Founders *BABCOCK, SAMUEL D., Brarr, C. Lepy arp, *CARTER, JAMES C., CuHIsHoLM, Hueu J., CROCKER, GEORGE, Jesup, Morris K.., Osporn, Pror. HENRY FAIRFIELD, *SCHUYLER, PHILIP, Stewart, LISPENARD, Stokes, Miss CAroLiINnE PHELPs, Stureis, Mrs. Frank K., TIFFANY & Co., VANDERBILT, CORNELIUS. *Deceased. 14 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL, SOCIETY. * ARNOLD, HICKS, AucuHincioss, Mrs, Hucy D., Briss, CorNneELIUS N., *Briiss, GEorGE T., Brewster, Ropert S., CLARK, GEORGE CRAWFORD, Criark, Mrs GrorGe CRAWFORD, *CONSTABLE, FREDERICK A., *Cook, HENRY H., Dopce, CLEVELAND H., EuReT, GEORGE, *FLowWER, RosweELr P., Forp, JAMEs B., Forp, J. Howarp, HarKNESS, CHARLES W., HaveMEYER, Henry O., HaveMEYER, WILLIAM F., *Hewitrt, ABRAM S., Hitt, JAMEs J., *HOFFMAN, VERY Rev. E. A., *TSELIN, ADRIAN, James, D. WILLIs, James, NorMAN, Jennines, Miss A. B., KENNEDY, JOHN STEWART, Lewis, Mrs. GEORGE, Mayer, Dr. ALFRED G., Morris, A. NEWBOLD, Morris, Mrs. A. NEWBOLD, Patrons Morris, Miss EvA VAN CorTLANDT, Morris, NEWBOLD, Osporn, WILLIAM CHURCH, *Osporn, Mrs. WILLIAM H., Poor, Henry W., *Pyne, Mrs. Percy R., Ropinson, NELSON, Ryan, [Homas F., *SCHERMERHORN, WILLIAM C., ScHLeEy, GRANT B., SELIGMAN, ISAAc NEWTON, *STICKNEY, JOSEPH, SticKNEY, Mrs JOSEPH, Tayior, JAMES B., JR, THORNE, EDWIN, TuHorne, Francis B., THORNE, HENRY S., TuHorNE, JoeL W., THorNE, Lanpon K,, Tuorne, Miss PHese ANNA, THORNE, SAMUEL, JR., Tuorne, S. BRINCKERHOF¥, THORNE, VICTOR C., THORNE, WILLIAM, Tyaper, Mrs. Marcaret T., Twompty, H. McK., Von Post, HERMAN C., *Weps, WILLIAM H., *WOLFF, A. Lite Members ApAMs, Epwarp DEAN, Acnew, Miss A. G., ANDREWS, CoNSTANT A., ANDREWS, J. SHERLOCK, AucHINcLOoss, Hucu D., AvERY, SAMUEL P., BALLANTINE, Ropert F., Barsour, THOMAS, Barpour, WILLIAM, BaruHynpt, Mrs. P. HAcCKLEy, Barnes, Miss Cora F., Barnes, Miss MILpren, Breese, C. WILLIAM, BELMONT, AUGUST, Betts, SAMUEL ROSSITER, BrsHop, HEBER REGINALD, BLACKFORD, EUGENE G., Bo.pt, GEORGE C., 30ND, FRANK S., Booty, WILLIAM H., Bowpotn, GEorcE S., Brown, GeorceE McKesson, Bruce, Miss Maritpa W., BurbDEN, HENRY, 2D, BUSHNELL, JOSEPH, Butter, Witt1AM Mitt, CAMMANN, GEORGE P.. Camp, HucH N., CHANLER, WINTHROP, CHIsHoLM, HucH J., Jr. CuurcH, E. Dwicut, CHurRcH, WILLIAM CONANT, CLARKSON, BANYER, Cor, WILLIAM R., CoLGATE, WILLIAM, CoLtiarp, Mrs. Georce W., ConNYNGHAM, WILLIAM L., (Coors, (Cc. I. CorNING, JoHN J., Coxe, DAVIES, CRANE, ZENAS, CrriMMINsS, JOHN D., (Guyacon, (C, Cz Davis, E. W., Davis, Joun W. A., pECopreT, Epwarp J., *Deceased. ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. DELAFIELD, ALBERT, De RHAM, CHARLES, DICKERMAN, WartTSON B., Dickey, CHARLES D., Dirmars, Raymonp L., Dopce, GEORGE EGLESTON, Dopce, MarceLLus HARTLEY, DoELGER, CHARLES P., Doe cer, PETER, Doetcer, PETER, JR., Draper, Mrs. HENRY, Du Bors, Miss ETHEL, Du Bots, Miss KATHERINE, Du Bots, WitttAm A., DUNSCOMBE, GEORGE ELSworTH, Dwyer, THOMAS, ELLioTr, SAMUEL, Exiis, W. Dixon, Ey, AmBrosE K., Eno, Amos F., FAIRCHILD, Hon. CHar-es S., Fercuson, Mrs. FARQUHAR, Fercuson, Miss May, FreLp, CoRTLANDT DE PEYSTER, FLEITMANN, WiLLIAM MeEDLIcorTT, FLINT, CHARLES R., FRENCH, S. Barton, Gerry, Expripce T., GoopwIN, JAMES J., GRANT, MapiIson, GUGGENHEIM, S. R., GUNTHER, BERNARD G., GUNTHER, FRANKLIN L., HAGENBECK, CARL, HARKNESS, Epwarbp S., Harkness, Mrs. S. V., HARRAH, CHARLES J., Harris, ALAN C., Haupt, Dr. Louts, HAVEN, GEorGE G., HeEaArN, Georce A., HENDERSON, CHARLES R., Hicernson, Cot. JAMEs J., Hitt, Hueu, Hopkins, Georce B., HornaADAY, WILLIAM T.., Hupssarp, THomAs H., HuntTinctTon, ArcHER M., Hype, JAmMes H., Jackson, THEODORE F., JENNINGS, OLIVER G.,, Kinc, GEorGE GorDoNn, KINGSLAND, WILLIAM M., Kisset, Gustav E., KunHArRDT, W. B., La Farce, C. GRANT, Lancpon, Woopsury G., LANIER, CHARLES, LrE, CHARLES NorTHAM, Leeps, Mrs. Warner M., LEHMAN, S. M., LouNSBERY, RICHARD P., Low, C. ADOLPHE, Low, SETH, Lypic, Davin, Lypic, Cart. Puizie M., McALpIN, CHARLES WILLISTON, McComs, J. Scorr, McKim, Cuar es F., McLane, Guy RIcHARDs, MacKay, CLARENCE H., Mackay, Dona tp, Macy, V. Everitt, MaiItLanpb, ALEXANDER, Matiory, CHARLES H., Marc, THeEopHILUS M., Markog, Dr, Francis H.., MarsHALL, Louis, MERKEL, HERMANN W. Miter, Dr. Georce N., *MITCHELL, RoLAND G., Moore, Mrs. JAMES Amory, Morean, J. P., Jr., Morris, JAMES, Nessi1T, A. G., NeEwso.Lp, THOMAS, NicHorts, Mrs, WIiLLtiAM GILLMAN, Nites, J. Barron, Nives, Witt1AM WHITE, ParisH, Henry, ParrIsH, JAMES C., PEABODY, CHARLES A., PERKINS, WILLIAM H., Puiprs, HENRY, PHOENIX, Lioyp, PHOENIX, PHILLIPS, PIERREPONT, JOHN Jay, PincuHor, J. W., Potrer, Mrs. Henry C., Pratt, Datras B., Proctor, A. PHIMISTER, QUINTARD, GEORGE W., RAYMOND, CHARLES H.., RIKER, SAMUEL, JR., Rose, J. HAMPDEN, Rogsins, Mitton, Rocers, ARCHIBALD, Russ, Epwarp, RUTHERFORD, WINTHROP, Sampson, Henry, SANDS, WILLIAM R., SCHERMERHORN, J. EGMonqtT, SCHIEFFELIN, EUGENE, Scuirr, Mortimer L., Seton, ERNEST THOMPSON, SHELDON, CHARLFS, *Deceased. 15 16 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. SHERMAN, GEORGE, SHERMAN, WILLIAM WarTTs, SHIELDS, GEORGE O., Srtmpson, Miss JEAN WALKER, SLoan, Benson B., SLOAN, SAMUEL, SLoaANn, SAMUEL, JR., *SLOANE, JOHN, SPEYER, JAMES, STETSON, FRANCIS LYNDE, STURGES, FREDERICK, SturcEs, FRANK K., THALMAN, ERNST, Tuompson, Lewis S., Tuomeson, WILLIAM P., TILFoRD, FRANK, Topp, WILLIAM R., TOWNSEND, CHARLES H., Trevor, HENRY G., Trevor, JOHN B., UHLMANN, FREDERICK, WapswortH, Major W. AUSTIN, WAINWRIGHT, RICHARD T., WALKER, Dr. HENRY FREEMAN, WarsurG, Fertx M., WARREN, SAMUEL D., Watson, Francis A., WetcHe_ErR, Mrs. FANNY AVERY, WHEALTON, Louts N., WHITEHEAD, PAUL, WHITNEY, Harry PAYNE, WHITNEY, PAYNE, Wittets, Howarp, Wine, Joun D., Woop, Miss ELEANOR DENNISTON. Annual fMembers ABEEL, GEORGE, ABEEL, JOHN H., ABERCROMBE, Davin T., ACHELIS, FRitTz, ACHELIS, JOHN, ApaAmMs, FraANK LANSON, ADAMS, FREDERICK T., ADAMS, SAMUEL, ApAMS, THATCHER M.., ApRIANCE, Rev. Harris ELy, AGENS, FREDERICK GIRARD, AGNEW, ANDREW G., AGNEw, Mrs Cornettius R., AITKEN, JOHN W., ALDEN, R. Percy, Axpricu, Mrs. James HERMAN, ALEXANDER, Mrs. CHAr-eEs B., ALEXANDER, DOUGLAS, ALEXANDER, FRANK D., ALEXANDER, JAMES W., ALEXANDER, Dr. WELCOME T., ALEXANDER, Mrs. WILLIAM, ALEXANDRE, J. HENRY, ALLEN, ETHAN, ALLEN, JAMES LANE, Ams, Max, AMUNDSON, JOHN A., ANDERSON, A. A., ANDERSON, P. CHAUNCEY, ANDREINI, J. M., AntTHony, WILLIAM A., APPLETON, FRANCIS R., APPLETON, JAMES W., ARCHBOLD, Mrs. J. F., ARCHBOLD, JOHN D. ARCHER-SHEE, Mrs. MartTINn, AREND, F. J., ARMOUR, GEORGE A., Armour, Mrs. HERMAN O., Astor, JOHN JACOB, AvuCcHINCLoss, Mrs. Enear S., AUCHINCLoss, HucH, AUCHINCLOSS, JOHN W., AUSTIN, GEORGE C., Aycricc, B. ARTHUR, AYER, FREDERICK F., BAKER, STEPHEN, BALDWIN, FREDERICK H.., BaLpwin, Dr. Jaren G., BALDWIN, JARED G., Jr., BANFIELD, ELWwoop, Bancs, Dr. L. Botton, BanxKs, THEopoRE H., Barsey, Henry [., BarcLay, J. SEARLE, JR., Barciay, Mrs. REGINALD, BARNARD, J. AUGUSTUS, Barnes, Epwarp W., Barnes, Mrs. Harrtette S., Barnes, HERBERT S., BARNES, J. SANFORD, JR., Barney, A. L., Barney, ASHBEL H.., Barney, Miss KATHERINE L., Barney, Mrs. J. STEWART, Barney, N. C., Barnum, WILLIAM M., Barr, WILLIAM, Barron, Dr. JoHN C., Barron, GeEorGE D., Bartets, WILLIAM, BATTERSON, JAMES G., *Deceased. ELEVENTH BAUMANN, GUSTAV, BAxtTeER, GEORGE S., JR., Bayarp, Lours P., Bay Lies, EpMmunNpD L., Bay.iges, Mrs. NatHatie E., Baytis, WILLIAM, BreacH, FREDERICK C., BeacH, WALTER R., BEADLESTON, ALFRED N., BEAL, WILLIAM R., BrarpD, DANIEL CARTER, BECKER, CHRISTIAN, Becker, PHILIP, Beers, M. H., Bett, EpWaArp, BELMONT, PERRY, BEMENT, EpWarbp, BENKARD, Harry H., BENJAMIN, EUGENE S., Benson, FRANK SHERMAN, Benson, Miss Mary, Benson, Miss Tuyrza, BEROLZHEIMER, E., BERNHEIMER, CHARLES L., BERNHEIMER, SIMON E., BertTRON, S. R., Bickmore, Pror. ALBERT S., Brer, Mrs. SyLvAN, BicELow, Henry B., BILLINGS, FREDERICK, Britincs, Miss Mary M., BiIRCHALL, W. H., Birp, Epwarp Dimon, Brrp, GEORGE, BisHop, Miss Mary CUNNINGHAM, BiacpEN, Mrs. Jutta G., BrEATR Ds Gs Biarr, J. INSLEY, BLAxke, Dr. JoseryH A., BLAKESLEE, T. J., BLaTCHFoRD, Mrs. SAMUEL A., Buiss, ERNEST C., Bropcett, WILLIAM TILDON, Bioopcoop, Rosert F., BLOOMINGDALE, JOSEPH B., Bross, JAMEs O., Boas, Emit L., BoEKELMAN, Pror. BERNARDUS, Boettcer, H. W., Bocert, Epwarod C., BotssEvaINn, G. L., Botton, Mrs. JosepH B., Bo.ton, JoHN W., Botton, THoMAs, Jr., Bonn, ALFRED H.., Bonpb, WILLIAM EpWARD, Bonner, G. T., Bonner, Mrs. Paut R., ANNUAL “REPORT. 17 BorGstEDE, JoHN G., Borianp, J. NELSon, Bortanp, WILLIAM G., Borne, JoHN E., Boreter, Exiyau S., Bowpo1n, TEMPLE, Bowen, CLARENCE WINTHROP, Bowers, JoHn M., Braprorp, J. H,. Brap.ey, Epson, Brab ey, J. R., Brapy, Mrs. J. R,. Brapy, Nicuouas F., BRAINARD, IRA H., Branp, Oscar J., BRANDRETH, COURTENAY, BRAUN, FREDERICK, BRrEIDENBACH, CHARLES M., Brewer, WI1iAM A., Jr, Brewster, Mrs. BENJAMIN, BREWSTER, GEORGE S., BrINKERHOFF, Expert A., BRINSMADE, CHARLES LyMAN, BrisToL, Pror. CHARLES L., Bristot, JoHn I. D., Bristow, WILLIAM B., Bronson, Dr. Epwarp BENNET, Brown, Hon, Anpprison, Brown, CuHartes F., Brown, Epwin H., Brown, Miss Etten W., Brown, JOHN Crossy, Brown, VERNON CARLETON, Brown, WaAtpron P., Brownine, J. A., BrowNIinG, WILLIAM H., BRUCKER, CARL, Brunn, JuLius W., Bryant, Dr. JosepH D., Bryce, Mrs. WILLIAM, BucHANAN, WILLIAM, Buckner, Tuomas A., Bupp, Henry A., BuLktey, Epwin M.., BuLkiey, Mrs. Epwin M., Buti, CHARLES LIVINGSTON, Butt, Rospert Mactray, Buti, Witiiam L., Butt, Dr. Witi1aM T., Bumpeus, Pror. Hermon C., Burpen, JAMEs A., JR, Burcess, Epwarp G., Burke, B. J., BurRLEIGH, GEORGE W., Bur.eicH, Mrs. Greorce W., Burnuam, Mrs. Dovetas W., Burr, WINTHROP, Burras, H. K.,, *Deceased. 18 NEW YORK BurriLu, ALFRED C., BusH, JouHN S., BuTLer, ARTHUR W., Caesar, Henry A., Cater, Amos H., *CAaLHOUN, HENRY W., CALMAN, ALBERT, CaLMAN, HEnry L., CAMMANN, Epwarp C., CAMMANN, HENRY LorILLARD, CAMMANN, HERMANN H.., CANFIELD, GEORGE FOLGER, CANFIELD, RicHarp A., Cannon, H. W., JRr., CANNON, JAMEs G., GADEZAG ND Die Carey, Henry T., CARPENDER, WILLIAM, CARPENTER, PHILIP, CARRERE, JOHN M., CaRROLL, RoyALt PHELPS, CARSTENSEN, Mrs. JoHN, CarTER, Mrs. MARGUERITE, *CASTREE, JOHN W., CaAswELL, JoHN H., Catucart, Miss JENNIE R., CERERO, R. L., CuHasot, THEODORE J., CHAMBERS, FRANK R., CHAMBERS, JAMES, CHAMBERS, JOHN A., CHAMPOLLION, ANDRE, CHAPIN, Mrs. ALFRED, Cuapin, Miss Marie Bowen, CHAPMAN, HENRY OTIS, CHAPMAN, JOHN Jay, CHAUNCEY, ELIHU, CHENEY, GEorGE L., CHESEBROUGH, Rosert A., CHICHESTER, CHARLES DaRWIN, CuHILbs, EVERSLEY, CuiLps, WitttAM H., Cuiso_m, B, OaGpdEN, CHOATE, JosEPH K., CHurRcH, CHARLES T., CuHurcH, E. D., Jr, CuurcH, Freperic E., Cuurcu, F. S., CuHurcH, THEODORE W., CLAFLIN, JOHN, CLARK, D. CRAWFORD, Criark, J. MITCHELL, (Circe, IL; (Cy Ciark, W. A., CLARK, WILLIAM N., Cinnin IBS ANS. CLARKE, THOMAS SHIELDS, CLAUSEN, GEorGE C., ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. CLEARY, JOHN, CLeMENTs, G. H., CLEVELAND, CHARLES D., CLyDE, WILLIAM P., CocHRANE, JOHN W., CocKeEroFT, Miss E. V., CocKRAN, Hon. W. Bourke, CopMAN, Mrs. OGpEN, CorFrin, DANIEL M.., CoFFIN, WILLIAM EDWARD, CoHEN, SAMUEL M., CoLBron, PAUL TOWNSEND, Cotsurn, N. A., CoLtspy, Howarp A., Coie, Epwarp F., CoLLieR, PETER F., COLLIER, PRICE, Co.uier, Mrs. R. J., CoLLINS, CLARENCE LyMAN, Cotitins, Dr. Stacey Bunp, Cotiins, Mrs. Exxren, CoLiins, Miss GERTRUDE, CoLbLorD, GEORGE W., Comstock, Mrs. H. G., Conpon, THOMAS GERALD, ConceER, HENRY C., CONTENT, Harry, Comes, T. Gorton, Cooper, | HEODORE, CorBIN, AUSTIN, Corsin, Mrs. AusTIN, Cornice Gage CorwInE, WILLIAM R., CosTAIN, EuGENE H., CosTER, CHARLES, Coster, EpwArp LiviNGSsTON, Coster, Henry A., Cownpin, WINTHROP, CowL, CLARKSON, Cow es, Davin S., Cox, CHARLES F., Cox, JENNINGs S., Cox, Mark T., CRAIGIE, ARCHIBALD WALPOLE, Cram, Mrs. KATHERINE G., CRANE, ALBERT, CravatH, Mrs. Paut_D., CRAWFORD, THOMAS, CRAWFORD, Dr. W. H., CRAWFORD, WILLIAM, Crickmorg, H. G., CROMWELL, JAMES W., CROMWELL, LINCOLN, CRONEMEYER, ROBERT, Cross, Greorce D., Cross, Mrs. C. VANDERBILT, CrossLey, G. REGINALD, CRUICKSHANK, JAMES, *Deceased. ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. Curtis, Epwarp W., CuTLER, CHARLES F., CuTTerR, RatpuH L., Cuttinc, R. Futton, Cuttinc, W. Bayarp, DalILey, GRANVILLE F. Daty, Mrs. Marcus, Damon, WILLIAM E., Dana, WILLIAM B., DANTELS, GEorRGE H., Darps, CHARLES A.. DavENPoRT, Pror. CHARLES B., DavENPorT, Mrs. Ira, DavincE, WILLIAM H., Davies, FREDERICK M., Davies, J. CLARENCE, Davies, JULIEN TAPPEN, Davies, WILLIAM GILBERT, Davis, CHARLES H. Davis, DANIEL A., Davis, GHERARDI, Davis, HowLanp, Davis, JosePH P., Davis, M. B., Davis, MorGan, Davison, CHARLES STEWART, Dayison, GEorGE Howarnp, Day, ARTHUR M., Day, Mrs.Henry MILts, Dean, Pror. BASHFORD, De Coppet, HENRY, DEEVES, RICHARD, De Forest, Ropert W., DeEcENER, J. F., DeGorcourtA, A. V.. De Ktyn, B. F., DELAFIELD, FREDERICK P., DevaFieELp, Miss Juria LivrncsTon, DELANO, FREDERIC A., DELANO, WARREN, JR., DeELANOY, WILLIAM C., DELESKER, CHARLES, DEMING, L. C., DeEnNIcKkE, J. B., Dersy, Dr. Ricuarp H., De Rwam, H. Casimir, DEVEREUX, WALTER B., De VINNE, THEODORE Low, De Wirt, WALTER G., De Wirt, WILLIAM G., DeExTER, STANLEY W., Dry, ANTHONY, Deyo, Ropert E., Dickerson, E. N., DrexL, Georce H., Dienst, A. P., Dimock, GeorceE E., Dixon, Dr. Georce A., Drxon, Rosert NICER, Dopp, Ropert H., Doper, D. Stuart, Dopcr, Miss Erizasetu W., Dopce, Miss Grace H.., Dopce, NorMAN W., Donce, Mrs. WiLiiAM E., Douse, JoHN, Dominick, H. BLANCHARD, DommnenricH, L. F., Doremus, F. S., Dousiepay, F. N., DoucLas, JAMES, DoucLass, ALFRED, Dows, Mrs. Davin, Dows, Mrs. Davin, Jr., Dows, Tracy, DRAKENFELD, B. FERDINAND, DRAYTON, J. COLEMAN, Draz, FRANCIS, DreESSEL, JoHN A. H., DruMmMonpD, I. WyMaAN, Duane, RicHarD BaAcHE, DuBois, CorNELIUS, DuBots, Dr. MattHew B., DuLLEs, WILLIAM, Jr., DuNCAN, STUART, Duncan, W. Butter, Dunpas, RaLtpH Wurts, DunHAM, DR. CARROLL, DuNHAM, Enwarp K., DunHAM, G. H., Dunn, Gano S., DuNNE, Epwarp B., Duryea, Harry H., Duryea, Gen Hiram, DuTcHER, WILLIAM, Epear, D., Encar, Herman L. R., Enear, Miss Jurta L., EpGar, Newson, EnpGELL, GEorGE S., Epmonps, JoHn W., Ecerton, M.., EGGELING, OTTO, EccLeston, D. S., EIpLirz, ROBERT JAMES, Exvsers, Mrs. Fritz, Exper, Mrs. Martizpa A., ELpRIpGE, FREDERICK L., ELprinGe, ROSWELL, ELpripGE, WILLIAM T.., Eiuis, WILLIAM H., ELLSWorTH, DuNCAN S., ELLswortH, LINCOLN, EMANUEL, J. H., Jr, Emery, JOHN J., EmicH, Mott, *Deceased. Lg a_i Emmet, C. TEMPLE, Emmet, Miss Lypia F., Emmet, Ropert TEMPLE, Enpicott, ROBERT, EnG.isH, E. M., Eno, JOHN CHESTER, Epstean, Epwarp, ErRsBSLoTH, R., ERDMANN, MaArtTIN, ETTLINGER, Louis, Eustis, JoHN E., Evans, Mrs. CADWALADER, Evans, RICHARD, Evarts, A. W., Evarts, SHERMAN, Fapsri, ALESSANDRO, FABBRI, ERNESTO G., Fappri, Mrs Ernesto G., FAHNESTOCK, Harris C., FAHNESTOCK, WILLIAM, FAIRBANKS, Henry P., FALK, GUSTAV, Farco, JAMES C., FARNHAM, PAULDING, FARRELLY, T. CHARLES, FARRINGTON, HARVEY, FEARING, GEORGE R., Fearon, J. S., FELLOWES, CORNELIUS, FERGUSON, Harry L., Fernstrom, H., Fretp, Witt1Am B,. Oscoop, Fiscuer, WILLIAM H., FIsHER-HANSEN, CARL, FisHe_r, L. G., Fisk, Harvey Epwarp, FITZGERALD, GEN, Louts, FLAGLER, Harry HARKNESS, Fiint, AUSTIN, JR., FLower, ANSON R., Four, FRANZ, Foor, JAmeEs D.. ForBACH, CHARLES, Forp, Miss Lesa, *HORRESTER, GEORGE B., Foster, Epwarp W., Foster, GIRAUD, Foster, J. HEGEMAN, Foster, MAcoMBE G.. Foster, Scott, Fow ter, THomMAS PowELL, Fraser, ALEX V., Fraser, Mrs. Georce™ S., Fraser, Miss S. Grace. FRASER, WILLIAM C., FrencuH, Dr. CECcIL, FRENCH, DANIEL C., FRIED, SAMPSON, 9() NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. FRISSELL, A. S., Futpa, Dr. Cart, Futpa, Dr. CLEMENS, FULLER, CHARLES D., Futier, Mrs. EUGENE, FuLiLer, Henry D., FULTON, JOHN, JR., FunkKE, Epmunp A., GaANnz, ANTHONY, GARLAND, JAMEs A., GARRETT, JOHN W., GAuTIER, DuDLEY G., Gay, JosepH E., GeeER, Mrs. WALTER, GerArD, Mrs, JAMES W., GERLI, EMANUEL, GERRISH, JOHN Brown, Gerry, PETER G., GERSTER, Dr. ARPAD G., GILBERT, CLINTON, GILLETTE, Dr. CURTENTIUS, GiLsey, Henry, Jr., Guazier, Henry S., GLEASON, MICHAEL, Giyn, W. E., Goapsy, W. H.. Goprrey, Mrs. E. D., Gopwin, Harorp, GoLpscHMiInT, S. A., GoopHUE, CHARLES E., GoopHuE, Mrs. S. C., *GOODMAN, SAMUEL, GoopripGE, Mrs. F. G., Goopwin, A. C., GOTTHELF, CHARLES, GOoTTHELF, HERMAN, GOTTHOLD, FREDERIC, GOULD, CHARLES A., GouLp, CHARLES W., GouLp, EpwIn, GouLp, Georce H.., GOULDEN, JosEPH A., Grant, R. S., Graves, WILLIAM L., GREEFF, ERNEST F., GREENE, GEN, FRANCIs V., GREENOUGH, JOHN, GrEENWwooD, ISAAc J., GREER, CHARLES, GreGorR, ELMER R., GRIFFITH, DANIEL J., GRINNELL, GEORGE Brrp, Griscom, CLEMENT A., JR, GRISWOLD, CHESTER, Gross, FRANK, GUGGENHEIM, SIMON, GULLIVER, WILLIAM C., GuRNEE, WALTER S., *Deceased. ELEVENTH *GWYNNE, JOHN A., Haas, OrrTo, Hacues, JAMEs D., HaicuT, CuHaRLEs S., HAINES, CHARLES D., Haines, Henry F., Hatiock, CHares P., HALLS, WILLIAM, JR., HasreaD, Miss L. P., HAMERSLEY, Lours GorRDON, Hamitton, Miss ADELAIDE, ANNUAL REPORT. Hiryarp, Georce D., HINCHMAN, WALTER, Hirscu, CuHartes H., Hiss, PHILIP, HircuHcock, CENTER, Hocart, J. H., HocuscuHILp, BERTHOLD, HopENPYL, ANTON G.,, Hor, RicHarp M., Hoe, Mrs. RicHarp M., Hor, Mrs. Rosert, Hamitton, Miss EvizABETH STEWART,HOFFMAN, Mrs. E. A., Hamitton, WILLIAM PIERSON, HammMonp, JAMES B., Hammonp, Mrs. JoHN HENry, Hanson, Pror. Harry D., HARBECK, CHARLES T., Harp, Anson W., HaARDENBERGH, Mrs. JOHN A., HARDENBERGH, |. E., Harmon, Mrs. CLiFForD, HARPER, LATHROP C., Harvey, Exy, HASKELL, GEORGE M., HASSLACHER, JACOB, Hastines, Mrs. THOMAS, HaveMEVER, F. C., Jr, HAvEMEYER, H. O., JR., HAVEMEYER, T. A., Haven, GeorcE G., Jr., Havens, ALBERT G., Hawe, MatrHew, Haw tey, Epwin, Haynes, WitttAmM De Forest, HECKSCHER, JOHN GERARD, Henpces, Jos E., HEIMAN, ABRAHAM, HeEIMan, E., Herman, Mrs. SopuHie, Hetns, Georce L., HEINSHEIMER, L, A., HEINTZ, JOHN C., HEITEMEYER, CLEMENS, Hep, Dr. R. JoHNson, HENCKEN, HANCKE, HENpDRICKS, FRANCIS, HENKEL, JOHN, HENRIQUES, Dr. H. A., HERMANN, FERDINAND, HerRRMAN, Mrs. EstHEr, Herter, Dr. CHRISTIAN A,, Herzoc, Lewts, Hess, SELMAR, Hewitt, Mrs. Azra S., Hewitt, Hersert H., [Abas 10518}, Hitt, HENry, Hitis, Mrs. Atrrep K., Horsrook, Mrs. F. S., HoipENn, Epwin B., Hoven, Georce A., Hotiins, HENry B., HlOrnisTEer,) EL Ele Hort, Henry. Homans, Mrs. Epwarp C., Hootey, Epwin S., Horr, M. G., Hoppin, HamittTon L., Hoppin, SAMUEL HowLAnp, Hoppin, WILLIAM W., JR., Hosxter, H. C., How tanp, Henry E., How anon, Mrs. Henry E., Hoyt, CoLearte, Hoyt, WattTer S., Hoyt, GERALD L., Hoyt, Goorp, Hoyt, Mrs. JESSE, HuGHEs, CHARLES E Humpureys, Mrs. Epwarp WALSH, HuNTINGTON, Rev. W. R., Hupre., J. CHRISTOPHER G., Hussey, WIiLiiAm H., Hustep, Miss M. KaTHERINE, Hustep, Srymour L., Jr., HutcHins, AuGustus SCHELL, Hutter, Kart, Hvuyter, JoHN C., Hype, B. T. Bassirt, Hype, CLARENCE M.. Hype, Dr. Freperick E., INcHES, GeorcE B.., Iyams, J. T.., INNESS, GEORGE, JR., INSLEE, Mrs. HELEN C., IsELIN, ADRIAN, JR., IsELIN, C. OLIVER, IsELIN, CoLtumBus O’DoNNELL, IseLtn, Miss GEORGINE, IsELIN, JoHN H., IsHAM, CHARLES H.., ISHAM, SAMUEL, ilvorse, Ik, (C. Jackson, FrepERIC WENDELL, *Deceased. 22 NEW. YORK ZOOEOGICAL SOCIETY: Jackson, Dr. GrorceE THOMAS, Jackson, R. G., JACKSON, SAMUEL MACAULEY, JacosB, CHARLES, Jacos, LAWRENCE, Jacost, Dr. A., Jacosus, JoHN S., JACQUELIN, Herpert T. B., JACQUELIN, JoHN H., JAMES, ARTHUR CURTIS, James, Dr. Rosert C., James, Dr. WALTER B., JANEWAY, Dr. Epwarp G., JENNINGS, FREDERICK B., JENNINGS, PHILANDER R., JENNINGS, WALTER, JESTER, CLAUDE W., Jounson, Mrs. F. Corr, Jounson, Guy B., JoHNSTON, WILLIAM J., JoLIne, ADRIAN HoFFMAN, Jones, H. Botton, *JoNnEs, Mrs. JoHn D., Jones, Lewts Q., Jupson, H. J., Kaun, Lovts, Kaun, Otto H., KALLMAN, CHARLES, KANE, JOHN INNES, Kane, Miss Louisa LANGDON, Kane, S. NICHOLSON, KeecH, FRANK B., Ketrey, AusTIn P., Kettocc, Mrs. CHARLES, KELLY, EUGENE, Kemp, ArTHUR T., Kent, Epwin C., KEPPEL, FREDERICK, KEUFFEL, WILHELM, Kipper, JAMES HatTHAway, KIMBALL, ALFRED R., Kinc, Epwarp, Kine, JAMES Gore, Kine, Mrs. Leroy, ISGaeKe, IN, Ie Kine, Wittiam F., Kinney, Morrts, KitcHING, FRANK W., Kiaw, Marc, Kier, BENJAMIN, Knapp, Dr. HERMAN, Kwapp, Joun M., KNOEDLER, ROLAND F., KoHLMAN, CHARLES, Koxzs, Gustave F., Koppert, FREDERICK, KuHNE, PERCIVAL, KunuHaArpT, Henry R., Kutrrorr, ADOLF, Lacombe, Hon. E. Henry, Lapew, Mrs. Epwarp R., LaGat, Dr. GEorGE, LAMBERT, Dr. ALEXANDER, LAMBERT, Dr. SAMUEL W., Lamont, Mrs. DAntet S., Lanpon, Mrs, E. H., Lanpon, FRANcIs G., LANE, Epwarp V. Z., LANE, JAMES WARREN, IGANGES aD)», LANGELOTH, J., LANGMANN, Dr. Gustav, LATHROP, FRANCIS, LATTING, CHARLES P., LaupAue_r, I. N., LAWRENCE, Cyrus J., LAWRENCE, JOHN BurRLING, LAWRENCE, NEWBOLD T., LAWRENCE, TOWNSEND, LAWRENCE, WALTER Bowen, LAWRENCE, W. V., LAVNG wi. Ds Lepoux, Dr. Avzert R., Lee, Mrs. Freperic S., Lee, Pror. FRepERIc S., Lee, J. Bowers, Lee, WitiiAM H. L., LEFFERTS, MARSHALL C., LEITNER, JACOB, *Lre Roy, ALFRED, LesuHer, A. L., LETKEMANN, H. V., Levy, EMANUEL, Lewis, FRepERIC ELLiort, Lewis, Percy Pyne, Lewis, WapswortH RUSSELL, Lewis, Dr. WILLIAM J., LEWISOHN, ADOLPH, Lipsey, O. B., LIEBENAU, ALBERT, LIEBERTZ, JOSEPH, LINCOLN, LOWELL, LItcHFIELD, Epwarp H., LitTAuER, WILLIAM, *LIVERMORE, JOHN R., LiviIncstTon, Wiuiam S., LoBENSTINE, WILLIAM CHRISTIAN, Lockwoop, WiLLisTon B., LoGaN, WALTER S., LonGFELLow, Mrs. FREDERICK W., Lowet.t, Miss CartottA RUSSELL, LoweLL, JAMEs R., LUCKSINGER, JACQUES, LuEprER, A., Lusk, Pror GRAHAM, LuTrcen, WALTHER, *Deceased. ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 93 LYMAN, FRANK. Lynpe, Francis E. P., Lynpe, Rotiin H., McALaN, JOHN, McAtrin, Mrs. Cuartes W., McALtpPIN, GEorRGE L., McC urz, S. S., McCurpy, RicHarp A.., McKim, Rev. HASLETT, McKim, Joun, A., McKim, Leroy, McKiInnEy, GLENN Foro, McLean, JAMEs, McLean, MarsHAtt, McVickar, EpWaArp, Mack, JAcos W., Mactay, Mrs. Rosert, Macy, Georce A., MacEE, JOHN, Macer, F. Ropert, Maut, WILLIAM, Marrs, Georce H., Matt, PIerre, Mann, WILLIAM DALTON, Mapes, DANIEL, JR., Mares, Ernest S., Marxog, Dr. J. W., Martinc, ALFRED E., Martor, Henry S., Mars, C. P., MarsHALL, CHartes H., Marston, Epwin S., Martin, Witi1aM R. H., Martinez, Micuat R., Masten, RICHARD R., MatuHews, THOMAS, MartrHiessen, Miss Marte, MAXWELL, ROBERT, MEHL, Henry, MEHLTRETTER, CHAS. F., MEeELLEN, CuHartes S., Meyer, THomAs C., MeyrowiTz, Emit B., Mippiesrook, FREDERICK, MIKKELseNn, Mrs. M. A., pEMILHAU, Louts JOHN, MiLBank, ALBERT J., Miter, Mrs. Cuartes E., Miter, Epwarp F., Miter, RosweE Lt, MixikeENn, S. M., Miits, ABRAHAM G.,, Mitts, ANDREW, Mies, 1D),(Oy. Mitmine, C. E., MircHe LL, F. KENDALL, MircHett, H. RaymMonp, Moencu, Hueco, Morrat, GzorGE BARCLAY, MontTANT, ALPHONSE, MontTGOMERY, RICHARD M., Moore, CASIMIR DE R., Moore, CHARLES ARTHUR, JR., Moore, Miss FairuH, Moore, Dr. JoHN W., Moore, Miss K. T., Moore, Mrs. W. D., Morcan, Miss ANNIE T., Morean, Miss C. L., Morcan, Epwin D., MorcGan, Georce E., Morcan, Georce H., Morcan, Mrs. J. B., Morcan, Mrs. J. Pirrpont, MorGan, JUNIws S., Morean, Mrs. Junius S., Morcan, Dr. THomas H., Morris, Dave H.., Morris, ForpHAM, Morris, JOHN JAcop, Morris, Dr. Lewis RUTHERFURD, Morse, CuHartes H. Mortimer, RICHARD, Morton, A. L., Morton, Mrs. Henry SAMUEL, Mort, Henry C., Mott, JoHN Bowen, Mort, JorpAN L., Jr., MUELLER, CHARLES F.,, Munroe, Henry W., MuRGATROYD, JOHN, Myers, JoSEPH G., Nertson, Dr. Howarp S., NELSON, JAMES W., NESMITH, JAMES, NEUMER, FERDINAND, NicHors, Acosta. NicHots, GeorceE L., NicHots, JoHN W. T., Nixes, Rosert L., Nose, ALFRED, Norrte, A, LANFEAR, NotTMAN, JOHN, Noyes, Mrs. Henry D., *OAKLEY, H. CRUGER, O’CoNNELL, MICHAEL, OGpEN, CHARLES W., *OGDEN, M. C.. Otcort, DUDLEY, 2D, OLSEN, CHar_eEs P., OLYPHANT, ROBERT, OLYPHANT, Rosert M.., OnativiA, JOHN VICTOR, O’RourKE, JOHN F., Osporn, Mrs. Henry FAIRFIELD, OsTRANDER, Miss Mary M., *Deceased. 24 NEW YORK, (ZOOLOGICAL, SOCIETY. OrTEeN, Mrs. GERTRUDE, OUTERBRIDGE, Dr. PAUL, OvENS, JAMEs, OverTON, Dr. FRANK, Partnter, Dr. H. McM., Parmer, S. S., Pancoast, RICHARD, Parsons, Epwin, Parsons, Mrs. Epwin, Parsons, H. bE B., Parsons, JoHN E., Parsons, WILLIAM Barctay, PaTerRSON, R. W., PAUL, JOHN J., IPANGib WE AS On PEABopY, STEPHEN, PELE. STEPHEN El. PR PeL_Tton, FRANKLIN D., PENDLETON, FRANCIS Key, PENFOLD, WILLIAM HALL, PENNIMAN, GeorcE H., PERKINS, GEorGE W., PeRKINS, Rosert P., PETERS, CHARLES G., PETERS, SAMUEL T., Peters, WILLIAM RICHMOND, PFIZER, CHARLES, JR., PICKHARDT, CARL, PreL, GOTTFRIED, Pret, MicHAEL, Prerce, Henry Cray, PIERREPONT, Miss ANNA Jay, PIERSON, GEN. J. FRED, PrncHor, GIFFoRD, PLaTT, FRANK H., Pratt, Miss Marion ErskINE, PLymprton, GiiBert M., Poccensure, H. F., PoLiock, GEorGE E., Poor, Henry V., PortER, CLARENCE, Porter, WILLIAM L., Post, ABRAM S., Post, Epwarp C., Post, Greorce B., Jr., Post, Mrs. H. A. V., Post, WILLIAM H., PosTLEy, CLARENCE A., Porter, Miss BLANCHE, Potter, EpwarD CLARKSON, Porter, FREDERICK, Potter, Miss Martuwa, Ports, WILLIAM Brevoort, Pratt, GeorceE D., PRENTICE, JOHN HI, PRENTISS, GEORGE LEwIs, Prime, Miss Corne ia, PriNcE, Epwarp S., Prince, Pror. J. DyNELEy, PRYER, CHARLES, PutTNAM, WILLIAM A., PyLr, JAMES TOLMAN, Pyne, M. Taytor, Pyne, Mrs. M. Taytor, QuINTARD, Dr. Epwarp, RAND, GEORGE C., RANDALL, FRANK E., RANDOLPH, EpMuND D., RANDOLPH, WILLIAM W., RANFT, RICHARD, RAPALLO, Epwarp S., RATHBORNE, RICHARD C., RaucH, WILLIAM, Rawtins, J. ARMSTRONG, Reap, WILLIAM A., REDMOND, GooLp H., REDMOND, Henry S., REESE leew. REIMER, Otto E., REINCKE, E. A., REINHARDT, GEorGE N., Reyno tps, E. B., REYNOLDS, JAMES Bronson, RHINELANDER, CHARLES E., RHINELANDER, FREDERIC W., RHINELANDER, Miss SERENA, *RHOADES, JOHN HarseEn, -RICHARD, AUGUSTE, RICHARD, Epwin A., RicuHarps, E. O., RIKER, JoHN L., RIKER, SAMUEL, Riptey, H. Ditton, Rrpiey, JULIAN A., Rrerey, Louts A., Rives, Georce L.., RopBiNns, CHANDLER, RoserTson, Mrs. Fanny P., RopertTson, R. H., *Ropins, THOMAS, Ropinson, Ett K., Rortnson, G. H., Roginson, G. N., Rospinson, Henry A., Roprson, WILLIAM, Rockwoop, WILLIAM H., Roe, FRANK O., Rog, Irvine L., ROELKER, ALFRED, Roeser, AUGUST, Rocers, E. L., Rocers, JAMeEs H., ROKENBAUGH, HENry S., RoMAINE, W. Tyson, RooSEvELT, W. EMLEN, Root, EL1uv, *Deceased. ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. D5 Rose, JoHN J., Ross, P. SANFoRD, Rossiter, E. V. W., Roru, FREDERICK G. R., RoTHWELL, JAMES E., RoweELt, GeEorceE P., RUNGIUS, CARL, Runyon, CARMAN R., RUPPERT, JACOB, Ruppert, Mrs. JAcos, RuPERTI, JUSTUS, RUSSELL, ARCHIBALD D., Ryan, J. D., Ry Le, ARTHUR, Sir JOHN, Reale: SACKETT, CLARENCE, Sackett, Miss GERTRUDE T., Sackett, Mrs S. E., SaGE, DEAN, SacE, JoHN H., Sace, Mrs. RUSSELL, Sampson, ALDEN, SAMPSON, CHARLES E., SAUTER, FREDERICK, SCHAEFER, HENRY, ScHANCK, GeorcE E., ScHANG, FREDERICK, ScHAUE, C. F., SCHEFER, CARL, ScCHIEFFELIN, Mrs. H. M., SCHIEFFELIN, WILLIAM JAY SCHILLING, Ropert H., SCHIRMER, GUSTAV, ScHIRMER, RUDOLPH E., Scumipt, F. Leoporp, ScuMitt, WILLIAM P., ScHNEIDER, G. E., ScHOLLE, A. H., SCHULTZE, JOHN S., ScHUYLER, Miss Loutsa LEE, ScHwarz, Henry F., Scott, Hon. Francis M., Scort, WILLIAM, ScrtBNER, ARTHUR H., ScRYMSER, JAMEs A., SEARES, Rospert B., SEDGWICK, ROBERT, SEE; A. B:, SELIGMAN, ALFRED L., SELIGMAN, JEFFERSON, SETON, ALFRED, JR., SEWALL, FRED. W., SEXTON, LAWRENCE E., SEYBEL, DANIEL E., SHapiro, D., SHAW, CHARLES HERBERT, SHAW, JAMEs G.,, SHaw, WALTER W., SHEFFIELD, JAMES R., SHELDON, GEORGE R., SHELDON, WILLIAM C., *SHERMAN, GARDINER, SHrpway, JoHn H., SHURTLEFF, RoSWELL Morse, SEIGEL, JACOB, SILLECK, HENRY G., JR, Sitteck, Mrs. Henry G., Jr., SILLIMAN, HARPER, Simmons, JosepH F., Simpson, JoHn W., Simpson, WILLIAM, SKEEL, FRANK D., SxKIpMoRE, WILLIAM L., Stabe, Francis Louts, SmiLey, DANIEL, SMILLIE, CHARLEs F., SMILLIE, JAMEs D., SMITH, AUGUSTINE J., SmitH, F. M., SmitH, H. SANzornN, SmitH, J. Henry, SmitH, Lucius H., SmitH, NATHANIEL S., SmitH, Puitir S., SmitH, Rosert W., SmitTH, Dr. SAMUEL, SmitH, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, SMITHERS, CHARLES, SMITHERS, F. S., SMYTH, Puitir A., Snow, C. G,, SOLTMANN, E. G.,, SorcHuon, Mrs. Victor, SoUTHACK, FREDERICK, SPEAR, JAMES, JR, SPEDDEN, FREDERIC O., Sperr, Mrs. Cecizia M., *SPENCER, SAMUEL, SPIEGELBERG, F., SPITZNER, GEORGE W., SporrorD, Mrs. J. L., Sprinc, Miss ANNA RIKER, SPRINGMEYER, ALBERT A., Spurr, E. W., Sourss, CHARLES F., Souiss, Dr. Epwarp H., STAFFORD, WILLIAM FREDERICK, SranpisH, My tes, STANTON, JOHN, Stanton, JOHN R., Starr, Lours Morris, STEBBINS, JAMES H., STEERS, HENRY, STEEVES, JOHN F., STEINBECK, EDWARD, STEPHENS, OLIN J., *Deceased. LS) STERN, ISAAC, STERN, VESTY J., STEVENS, ALEXANDER H., STEVENS, FREDERIC W., STEWART, WILLIAM R., STILLMAN, JAMEs A., STILLMAN, T. E., Stimpson, Dr. Dantet M., Stoxes, H. B., Stokes, Miss O.iviA E. PHELPs, Stone, Mason A., Stone, WALTER KING, Stout, ANDREW V., Strout, JosePH S., Stow, GEorGE G., STRANGE, A. B., STRATFORD, PRoF. WILLIAM C., STRAUSS, FREDERIC, STREAT, JAMES, STREETER, D. D., JR., SturcEs, Henry C., STUYVESANT, RUTHERFURD, SuLLivAn, Mrs. JAMES, SUTPHEN, JOHN S., Jr., SwAYNeE, Francis B., SWENSON, S. J., Taper, Miss Mary, Tart, Henry W., TALCOTT, JAMES, TATHAM, CHARLES, Tatum, A. Hi, Taytor, Dwicut W., TAYLOR, GEORGE, Taytor, Mrs. Henry Osporn, Taytor, Henry R., TAYLor, HERBERT C., Taytor, JAMEs B., TaAytor, Knox, TAyYLtor, Lioyp, Taytor, Moses, TAYLOR, STEVENSON, TENNEY, C. H., TrErRY, JoHN T., Terry, Rev. RODERICK, THaAcHER, Mrs. Greorce W., THATCHER, THOMAS, Tuayer, Harry Bates, Tuomas, Dr. ALLEN M., Tuomas, SETH E., THORNDIKE, Dr. TowNSEND W., THORNE, JONATHAN, TuHorNE, NEWBERRY D., THORNE, W. V. S., TIFFANY, Louis C., TiLForD, Henry M.., Titt, BENJAMIN B., TILTton, JoseEPH W., TIMMERMANN, HENry G., 6 NEW > YORK. ZOOLOGICAL, SOCIETY. Top, J. KENNEDY, Tonner Tousry, WILLIAM, TOWNSEND, Epwin S., TOWNSEND, ISAAC, TOWNSEND, J. HENRY, TOWNSHEND, JOHN, Tows, CoE Downrtne, TRAvER, A. P., TRASK, SPENCER, TROTTER, WILLIAM, TROWBRIDGE, FREDERICK K., Truax, Hon. CHartes H., Trus.tow, T. Brooks, TUCKERMAN, ALFRED, TUCKERMANN, PAUwL, TurRNuRE, Mrs. ARTHUR, TurNurRE, Geo. E., TWEDDELL, WILLIAM H., UnpDERWoop, WiLLIAM LyMAN, UpMANN, CARL, VALENTINE, Dr. WiLiiam A., VAN CorTLANDT, AUGUSTUS, VANDERBILT, ALFRED G., VANDERPOEL, Mrs. JoHN A., VAN DER SMISSEN, Dr. G. J., VAN Emepureu, D. B., Van Nest, Mrs. ALEXANDER T., Van Nest, G. WILLETT, Van Norven, THEODORE LANGDON, Van Norden, Warner M., VAN PELT, Gitzert S., Van WINKLE, Encar B., VaRNUM, JAmeEsS M., Verpi, Miss Mary, Victor, A., VIFLE, HERMAN K.., VIVANTI, FERRUCCIO ANSELMO, VocEL, HERMAN, *Vorce, A. D., W ADDINGTON, GEORGE, WADSWORTH, CLARENCE S., WapswortH, W. P., WacGner, H. Wm. C., WAGNER, OTTO, WacstTAFF, C. Du Bois, WarInwricut, J. Howarp, Wa tcoTt, FREDERIC C., WALKER, GEORGE L., WALKER, GEORGE W., WALKER, ROBERT, JR., WALSH, SAMUEL A.., WANNINGER, CHARLES, Wargurc, PAut M.. Warp, ARTEMAS, Warp, Mrs. GrorGe Carport, Ward, Henry C., Warp, J. Q. A., *Deceased. ELEVENTH W ARDNER, HENRY STEELE, WaARDWELL, WILLIAM T., WarrEN, JOHN Hopart, WATERBURY, JOHN I., Watson, CHARLES F., Watson, Rev. J. Henry, WEATHERBEE, Epwin H., Wess, F. EGERTON, Wess, Dr. W. SEWARD, WELLING, R. W. G.,, WELLS, OLIVER J., WENDELL, Evert JANSEN, WENDELL, Mrs Jacop, WERTHEIM, H. P., Westover, M. F., Wetmore, EDMUND, WHEELER, EVERETT P., WHEELOCK, Dr. GEorGE G., Wuite, ALAIN C., Wuite, Horace, Waite, JOHN JAy, Wuirte, Leonard D., *W HITE, STANFORD, Waite, S. V., WuHite, WILLIAM W., WHITEHOUSE, J. HENRY, WHITEHOUSE, WILLIAM F., Wauitinc, Dr. Cartes A., Wuiltinc, Miss GERTRUDE, WHITING, GILES, WHITMAN, CLARENCE, WHITMAN, WILLIAM, JR., Wuitney, Miss E. C., WuHitrincE, F. W., WICKERSHAM, GEORGE W., WIENER, FELIX F., WILLETS, JoHN T., WittraMs, Mrs G. G, ANNUAL REPORT. WILLIAMs, Mrs. Percy H., WILLIAMS, RicHarD H., Jr., WILLIAMS, THOMAS, WILLIAMS, WALDRON, WILLs, CHARLES T., Witson, Dr. Epmunp B., Witson, GEorGE 1T., Witson, Henry R., WILTSEE, ERNEST, WINANT, FREDERICK, WINKELBACH, L. O., WINTHROP, EGERTON L., WinTHROP, EGERTON L., Jr., WintHrop, Ropert DuDLEy, WISNER, CHARLES, WITHERBEE, FRANK S., WittHaus, Dr. Runoipey A., Wotrr, Emre Woop, ARNOLD, Woop, GILBERT CONGDON, Woop, WALTER J., Woop, WILLIAM CoNGDON, Woop, Witi1AM H. S., Woopcock, Epwin, WoopHousgE, J. S., Woopwarp, JAMES T., Wricut, J. DUNBAR. Wricut, Mrs. J. Hoon, WricuHt, JoHN Howarp, WricuHtT, Mrs. Maser Oscoon, Youne, A. Murray, YouNG, FREDERICK STAFFORD, Younc, GEorRGE W., YounG, JoHN ALVIN, YouncG, JoHN W., Younc, RicHarp N.., ZABRISKIE, ANDREW C., ZINSSER, AUGUST. Corresponding Members Bargour, Mrs. S. E., Brown, HEeErsert, Brown, WILLIAM Harvey, (Conmesien, (Cs Wer Exrop, M. J., GoLDING, Capt, THOMAS, GRIFFITH, WILLIAM A., Stone, ANDREW J., 27 Witson, T. E. Summary of Membership I SSP CLO Se Nee ot tes con rc H ET ae oo ae a ee aes fee ee ae Motak number ofl OUNGers:.,c.es> het oe ee ee SS Me ENSSOCIAtE Ft OMMUECKS, as feet eee nae ss es AEE ONG Ac Minas ae A Ee a Me eifemMietnberse cc gets erate a ete ed ise 3 Anntials Wieni bers s.' oe Sete nls ake as EGetlboumallselasses paris Gersree se en ace et ere *Deceased. I8 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL, SOGIEIN Qualifications for Reqular Membership Annual Members ...... $ 10 Associate Founders ..$ 2,500 bite pWiembers: 42. eee 200 Hounders: 725.255 5,000 PAELONG ety se oe eee 1,000: Benefactors. &.- ss8c0r 10,000 Form of Bequest I do hereby give and bequeath to the “NEW YorK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, "of the. City-of New, VOrk,&- es ee ; ! = i ie ; tig ae . Uvad WT1Od A ‘ae tbs sie aie, Roe Crk SOF heck SE CULEVE COMMITTEE TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. HE Executive Committee of the Board of Managers of the New York Zoological Society takes pleasure in reporting that during the year 1906 continuous and satisfactory progress has been made toward the completion of the Zoological Park and the Aquarium. The scientific work of the Society still remains somewhat in the background pending the completion of the large amount of construction still going on at the Park. The most important events of the year have been: The development of the North End of Baird Court and the Concourse; and the new and important approach to the terminus of the subway system at West Farms now practically completed. This new entrance involved a restudy of our original plan for this part of the Park and a large amount of road-building and planting, together with the construc- tion of a Pavilion and gates, and of the large Boat House on Bronx Lake. The building for small deer has also been substan- tially completed, although not yet opened. Plans have been made for the remainder of the buildings in the Park, and the end of 1908 should see the end of construction on a large scale, provided the City continues to maintain its present liberal attitude towards the Society. During the past year the attendance at the Zoological Park reached the total of 1,321,917, being an increase of 88,390 over the attendance of 1905. These figures relate to the fenced por- tion of the Park, and do not include the visitors to the area lying east of Boston Road and to Bronx Lake, which has become a favorite resort for visitors during the summer. The attendance at the Aquarium for the year 1906 has been the largest in the history of that institution, and reached the enor- mous figure of 2,106,569, which is 380,399 more than last year, and represents an average daily attendance of 6,040. Since the original opening of the Aquarium, it has been visited by 17,103,- 328 people. The total annual cost to the City for the maintenance of the Zoological Park and for the Aquarium is about 5'% cents per visitor. 32 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. The membership of the Society on January I, 1907, was as fol- lows: I GNCTACEOLS Hoe. (esc aceqe ra ec eR eee Ate 5 Rounders’ 2:toe 225 sts a aes ae meee 20 EXSSOCIAte OUNCES aia me Sceaicie es ore 10 PAttONS +. ticle ae eae ee ie eet meee 44 hate sWMembersa,. craic cess ee eee 195 Amnualy Menibers: 42.42. ae ene eee 1,293 1,567 FINANCES. Animal Fund.—During the year the Animal Fund has been increased by gifts amounting to $10,250.00 and by $14,204.64 from the Park privileges. This last account would have been greater except that a large portion of the proceeds from Park privileges has been retained in order to supply the equipment needed for the new Boat House. During the year there was expended for animals the sum of $23,039.71, leaving a balance of $1,355.16 on January I, 1907. Income Account.—The Income Account still remains insuffi- cient to meet the increasing needs of the general purposes of the Society. There appears to be no way in which this fund can be increased except by the establishment of an Endowment Fund, which the Committee hopes will ultimately be provided. An increase in the membership list would also result in an increase in the Income Account, and it is hoped that all the members of the Society will do what they can to accomplish this. General Fund.—The General Fund shows a balance of $6,039.- 32, and has been but little used during the current year. It is hoped that this fund will be increased during the year by some substantial gifts of money available for the general purposes of the Society. Ground Improvement Fund.—There has been expended during the year from the Ground Improvement Fund $163,479.09, leav- ing a balance available of $313,580.32, most of which will be used to construct the Elephant House. With the approval of the Mayor, an application has been made to the Board of Estimate and Apportionment for a bond issue of $500,000, $250,000 to be issued during the year 1907, and $250,000 to be used during 1908. Maintenance of the Zoological Park.—The amount provided ELEVEN DEH VANNUAL KEPORT- Or wey for the maintenance of the Park for 1906, $144,905, has been barely sufficient to maintain the Park during the year. The needs of the Park during 1907, owing to the completion of the Small Deer House, and the opening of the new Entrance Pavilion, and to the general increase in the Collections, will tax the resources of the Society heavily, as the City has seen fit to decrease the amount appropriated by $3,406.25, leaving as maintenance for 1907 only $141,558.75. Your Committee is not informed of the reason of this decrease, but assumes it was due to a lack of ade- quate knowledge of the needs of this Society. Maintenance of the Aquarium.—The amount appropriated for the maintenance of the Aquarium for 1906 was $45,000, which has proved sufficient with close economy to maintain that institu- tion during the year. The same amount has been provided for 1907. Aquarium Improvement Fund.—During the year the Aquarium Improvement Fund was drawn on to the extent of $8,622.89, and it now appears probable that we can complete the necessary altera- tions to the Aquarium and have a small balance on hand. In the Treasurer’s report, detailed statements of the different accounts are set forth at length. IMPORTANT GIFTS TO THE PARK. The most important gifts during the year have been: One hip- popotamus, presented by Mr. Samuel Thorne; an African rhinoc- eros, presented by Mr. Frederick G. Bourne; five sea-lions, pre- sented by Mr. Jacob H. Schiff; one pair of black bears, presented by Mr. Emerson McMillin; one pair of black bears, presented by Mr. E. H. Harriman; one pair of black bears, presented by Dr. A. B. Duel; one pair of jaguar cubs, presented by Mrs. Arthur Curtiss James; two manatee and two Florida crocodiles, presented by Mr. A. W. Dimock; five buffalo and five elk, pre- sented by Mr. T. D. M. Cardeza. A number of smaller gifts have also been received during the year, a full list of which will be found on page 113 of this report. PUBLICATIONS. During the year the Annual Report and four quarterly Bulle- tins have been published and sent to all the members of this Society, together with an edition of the Guide Book. An entire new Guide Book, brought fully down to date, is now being pre- 34 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY: pared, and will be published and sent to the members early during the year. NEW BUILDINGS AND INSTALLATIONS. The Glass Court, which is really an addition to the Bird House, was completed during the year, filled with small birds, and opened to the public early in October, 1906. The Small-Deer House, occupying the site of the old Antelope Range, west of the Antelope House, is nearly completed and in all probability will be occupied about May 1. Baird Court.—The western and northern boundary walls, bal- ustrades and approach steps to Baird Court have been entirely completed, and the sloping Italian Garden will be prepared and planted during the Spring. Contracts for the pavilions and gates at the entrance to the Concourse itself were awarded during the year. The work is now under way and will be completed early in the Spring. The Feed-Barn and enclosing fence have been completed and the work shops and storage yards are now entirely screened from view. At the Boston Road entrance, the retaining wall and plaza, the entrance pavilion, and all the walks connecting with the Antelope House and Buffalo Range have been completed, together with a large amount of planting. The Public Comfort Building on Boston Road was partly finished, but owing to an irregularity in the contract between the City and the contractor, work was sus- pended. The building, however, will be completed during 1907. The Boat House has been finished and will be ready for use early in the Spring. The upper floor of this building will be used for a restaurant, and will largely increase the receipts of the Privilege Account. A large amount of miscellaneous construc- tion work has been done, the details of which will be found in the report of the Director of the Park. PLANS FOR 1907. The most important building remaining to be constructed in the Park is the Elephant House. Plans for the building have been carefully studied during the year and are now in the hands of the Park Department, and a contract for the construction of this building will be awarded at an early date. Plans have been prepared for a zebra installation, to occupy BEEVENTEH ANNUAL REPORT. 35 the site of the old Caribou Range, which will contain, when com- pleted, a large collection of Equidae. Plans for the Administration Building, to occupy the northeast corner of Baird Court, are nearly completed, and the contract for it will be awarded as soon as funds are available for this pur- pose. This building, when completed, will be the headquarters of the Society, and will contain a collection of paintings and a library available for public use, under proper restrictions. It will also contain the Collection of Heads and Horns referred to below. Carefully studied plans for the Biological Laboratory, to occupy a site near the present Service Building, are now ready and only await the necessary funds to be placed under contract. EAST SIDE EXTENSION. Plans have been prepared for the newly acquired addition to Bronx Park to the east. These plans involve a series of roads and paths connecting with those of the Zoological Park. A re- adjustment of boundaries on that side of the Park will probably be necessary. ANIMAL COLLECTIONS. The animal collections at the Park have been greatly increased in numbers and in value, notably in the Department of Birds. At the close of the year the Park contained 3,624 specimens, being an increase of 753 specimens over the year of 1905. The total number of animals represents 808 species, while last year the total number of animals represented 656 species. The number of species and specimens in the different departments are as follows: Mammals ......... 620 specimens 189 species Bit Sap ng rea ceca 2,104 i AGI > Reptiles and Amphibians .... 900 7 13 Saale plhotallsoe ca see 3,624 7 818 At the very close of the year the Society received a young male African rhinoceros, purchased for the Zoological Society at Mombasa, East Africa, by Mr. Richard Tjader, and by him brought to New York. 3 NEW YORK, ZOOLOGICAL. SOCIE LY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. The Medical Department during the year continued to show the results of its careful organization. The death rate has been held down to what appears to be its normal amount. There have been substantially no deaths among the important animals of the Park. Of course there is a certain amount of loss in any Zoo- logical Park, owing to the fact that a considerable number of the specimens are naturally short-lived. FORESTRY DEPARTMENT. Under this head, reference must be made to the large amount of planting that has been done in the Park, amounting to 12,450 shrubs and 6,135 trees. Careful effort has been made to repro- duce the original forest flora in the Zoological Park. Mr. James L. Greenleaf has continued to give this Society the benefit of his advice, and Mr. Merkel, the Chief Forester, has ably carried out the plans of the Committee. Efforts to save the chestnut trees were made during the year, but without notable success. In the other forested areas of the Bronx no efforts were made to con- trol or eradicate that disease, and it is feared that the Cytospora will ultimately destroy all of our chestnut trees. GAME PROTECTION. The work for the protection of game, an important feature of the work of the Society, was done under the Department of Game Protection, with Mr. George O. Shields as chief game pro- tector. A special report of the work of this department will be found elsewhere in this report. The National Government has accepted the Society’s offer of a buffalo herd, to be placed on the Wichita Forest Reserve. Fif- teen thousand dollars was appropriated for fences and _ other improvements, and a contract for the work was closed in Novem- ber. Active construction is now in progress, and the Range will be ready for occupancy early in the coming Summer. The but- falo presented by the Society will be shipped next Autumn. THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF HEADS AND HORNS. The Executive Committee has determined to establish, under the auspices of the Society, a National Collection of valuable or record heads and horns, realizing that the time is fast approach- ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 37 ing when it will be no longer possible to obtain notable specimens of heads, antlers and horns of our large game animals. ‘This collection will be located in the new Administration Building. As a nucleus, Mr. Hornaday has presented his entire collection, which is the result of many years’ careful work and numbers 131 specimens, as follows: SHCE ues esos Pe ae aan ayn eanenenae 19 bexesu andes Goats. teste cule eee ane 8 Caribou Moosesand Weenies a. joer re 36 PAN TINS (0) Oleh Riana ra Ph ARR 5 POR TAU Seat eRe REE 3 44 SOM. DaktalOes, ang. OtlWensmr ers acl oe 21 Sig aS Seas UGes wre rac aaa kre ee an ad ie eae eee 3 131 It is hoped that the members of the Society, and sportsmen gen- erally, will from time to time present to the Society notably fine specimens, which will be properly exhibited. It is the intention of the Society to show a complete set of each type of heads of each species of large American game. PRESERVATION OF BRONX RIVER. During the year the Society obtained the appointment of a Commission to consider the possibility of the preservation of the entire Bronx Valley from Bronx Park to Kensico Dam, under the Chairmanship of the Secretary of this Society. This Com- mission has reported to the Governor in favor of the proposed parkway, and expects to obtain during the year of 1907 legisla- tion which will make possible the creation of a parkway fifteen miles long, affording complete protection to the river and its banks. This done, Bronx River can be saved for the uses of the Zoological Society for all time. NEW YORK AQUARIUM. During the year the work of improvement at the Aquarium was continued. New boilers and a ventilating system were installed, and the long continued work of replacing the rusted out iron pipe with new lead lined pipe went on. As soon as the new lead lined pipe is completely installed, the storage reservoir can be placed in commission and this much needed improvement made available. NEW. YORK ZOOLOGICAL? SOCIETY: Ju) 0 @) The most notable addition during the year were two Manatees, a 400-pound Loggerhead Turtle, seven specimens of the Giant Snapping Turtle of the lower Mississippi River, averaging 80 pounds each, two large Tarpons, which were taken in pound nets in New York Harbor. The exhibits of fishes and other forms of aquatic life were as extensive as the number of tanks in the building permitted. Owing to the use of all the available space, no further addition to the collections is possible. The fish-hatchery was operated as usual as a_ fish-cultural exhibit, and large quantities of young fry were turned over to the State Fish Commission. OBITUARY. The Committee has lost during the year two of its Patrons, Mr. A. Newbold Morris, who had maintained for many years his interest in the Society, and Mr. Philip Schuyler, who was a member of the Executive Committee from the beginning, and whose loss was felt all the more keenly because his death was the first break in the ranks of the founders and organizers of the New York Zoological Society. The action taken by the Executive Committee upon the loss of Mr. Schuyler follows at the end of this report. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The Committee desires to express its appreciation of the con- tinued devotion to the interests of the Society of the Director of the Zoological Park, and of the Director of the Aquarium. Mr, Hornaday’s serious illness during the year, from which he is now happily fully recovered, brought home to the Committee the full appreciation of his importance and value to this Society. The staffs of both the Park and the Aquarium have been loyal and devoted to their work, and the Committee desires to take this opportunity to express its sense of appreciation. The Com- mittee desires also to acknowledge the courtesy and _ interest shown by the Mayor, Hon. George B. McClellan, and by the Comptroller, Hon. Herman A. Metz, and to the Hon. Moses Herrman, President of the Park Board. During the various changes in the Commissionership of the Park Department for the sorough of the Bronx, the members of that department have been uniformly helpful and friendly toward the work at the Park, and ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 29 special acknowledgment is here made to Commissioner Joseph I. Berry, to Mr. Martin Schenck, Chief Engineer; Mr. William P. Hennessy, Assistant Engineer, and Mr. G. K. Ackerman, Chief Clerk, who have continued to be helpful and friendly, and this Society desires to record its appreciation of their co-operation. Respectfully submitted, CHARLES T. BARNEY, Chairman. HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, Percy R. Pyne, MADISON GRANT, WILLIAM WHITE NILES, Joun S. Barnes, SAMUEL THORNE, Levi P. Morton, ex-officio. January I, 1907. Jn HMemortam. By the tragic death of Mr. Philip Schuyler on Thanksgiving Morning, November 29, 1906, we habe lost one of our oldest, stanchest, and most beloved friends; a member of the Society from its organiation; elected on May 14, 1895, a member of the original Board of Managers, and elected a member of the Executive Committee soon after its organisation; serving on the Com- mittee for eleven pears; lopal and confident of success, even in the early days of doubt and difficulty, his memory deserves our gratitude, and the gratitude of the City of New York. May he always remain fresh in our minds and hearts as a perfect example of a Christian gentleman, public spirited, and devoted to his country, his city, and his friends. PACONATIONALSCOLEECTION: OF HEADS AND HORNS. OTWITHSTANDING the existence of game laws, and the constant efforts of many persons who believe in the protec- tion of wild life, it is an undeniable fact that, in nearly all parts of the world that yet are inhabited by large animals, the creatures of horn, hoof, and claw are rapidly disappearing. [In Alaska, the finest hunting ground possessed by this nation, we regretfully admit that the existing game law appears to have availed very little in checking the appalling slaughter of moose, caribou, and mountain sheep. Although in Africa the English are doing their utmost to con- serve their remaining stock of large hoofed mammals, in the best game districts it is practically certain that the various species are being killed more rapidly than they breed. But for the timely and thoughtful efforts of the Duke of Bed- ford, Pére David’s deer, of Manchuria, would have been com- pletely exterminated, actually before our eyes, five years ago. To-day, not one living specimen remains save in the Woburn Park herd of His Grace. In view of facts such as the above, it has seemed to the Secretary of the Society, and the Director of the Zoological Park, the im- perative duty of American sportsmen, zoologists, and taxider- mists, that a complete and perfect collection of the heads and horns of the world’s ungulates should be formed in America, without delay. In viewing the whole situation, it has seemed desirable that the Zoological Society should accept the ownership of such a collection, in case it is formed, and assume the duty of maintaining it acceptably and in perpetuity. Accordingly, the creation of a great collection, to be national in the scope of its founding, has been seriously proposed ; and the title chosen for it is “The National Collection of Heads and Horns.” It is believed that the sportsmen and naturalists of America will be found willing to form the collection; and the New York Zoological Society, by a formal resolution adopted on December 20, 1906, by the Executive Committee, has decided to accept, maintain, and suitably exhibit the collection. On the date mentioned, Mr. Hornaday presented to the Society, as a 49 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SSOCIE DY. nucleus for the proposed collection, his private collection of 131 heads and horns, representing 108 species. A list of the species contained in this gift is published herewith. As an evidence of his keen interest in the success of this under- taking, Mr. Charles T. Barney, Chairman of the Executive Com- mittee, purchased and presented to the Society (at a cost of $2,500), the magnificent pair of world’s record elephant tusks which reached the Zoological Park on February 4, 1907. In length they far surpass all other tusks ever known to have come from any living species of elephant, and in curve and symmetry they are remarkably beautiful. The longest tusk measures eleven feet, five and one-half inches, the other eleven feet, and the weight of the pair is 293 pounds. They are from an African elephant, and it is reported that they once were owned by King Menelik, of Abyssinia, who presented them to a European political officer. They were offered for sale in the London ivory market, were bought by Mr. Rowland Ward, from whom they were purchased by the order of Mr. Barney. In every respect these astounding specimens—which scarce can be credited until seen—are fit to start a national collection. It is proposed that the collection to be formed shall include two series of specimens, one to be arranged zoologically, the other geographically. It is intended to collect not only heads, horns, and tusks, but also game records and photographs. At first the collec- tion will be installed in the picture gallery of the Administration Building, and exhibited under proper restrictions, but it is rea- sonable to suppose that later on it will be housed permanently in a building specially erected for it. Naturally, the standard of acceptance will be made sufficiently high that only particularly fine specimens will be admitted to the exhibition collections, so that any sportsman may fairly regard it as an honor to be represented in the National Collection. M. G. W;-T.. Ei Treasurer’s Reports. For THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1906. The annual expenditure of the various funds ts shown in the appended statements. @eneral Fund. SAshetiMreaStby. Jatlanry. 1, TOOO.. sates ng ss een Sen td nue eee $9,856 RECEIPTS. Salle OF AGENT IPMN Soanaccancosccsnbadccoc0 obese 172 $10,028 EXPENDITURES. PNERORUIUET IE EVM LGACIOIS 4.2.8 had s Scher as ote mcd Ate nt oteoniere onan $210 lineonne JACcomin: (ANENIGIGC) SOGIETY: GROUND IMPROVEMENTS UNDER THE DIRECTION OF ZOOLOGICAL PARK OFFICERS. Hermann W. Merkel, Chief Constructor and Forester. The work accomplished under this head marked an important advance toward the final completion of the internal improvements of the Zoological Park. Several forces of men, under experienced foremen, were throughout the working season diligently em- ployed in the very numerous tasks of miscellaneous construction which were of such a nature that they could not satisfactorily be performed by contract. Completion of the Service Road.—The long-contemplated sec- tion of the Service Road between the Rocking-Stone and the Buffalo Entrance was at last undertaken, and carried to satisfac- tory completion. It is by far the best piece of road-making in the Park. In order to carry the route down the steep eastern slope of Rocking-Stone Hill, it was necessary to run through the Buffalo Corrals very near the north end of the Buffalo House. The engineering was very satisfactorily accomplished by Mr. Beer- bower. To prevent washing on the steep hillside, flat concrete gutters, with a raised outside rim, were combined with tar- surfaced Telford macadam, and the finished result may well be taken as a model for park roads in such situations. Naturally, the new connecting link is of great advantage to the business interests of the Park, and in addition to that, it is used by a majority of our visitors, in preference to the stone steps near by. The Buffalo Corrals—The invasion of the original Buffalo Corrals rendered necessary a complete remodeling of the accom- modations for our American bison—now numbering thirty-four head. To meet the new conditions, on a permanent basis, a spa- cious new corral and two small yards for ill-tempered individuals, were constructed immediately south of the old corral, and in front of the long, open shed hurriedly erected in 1905. Around these enclosures, and also around what remained of the old corrals, new fences were erected, on heavy steel posts. The unpaved surface of all these corrals and yards was covered with Telford macadam, thoroughly drained, and the whole system of yards was put on a first class and permanent basis. At the same time, advantage was taken of the opportunity to erect a chute in which to capture and crate animals that are to be shipped away. Yards Around the Small-Deer House-——Owing to the many difficulties presented by the slope of the ground surrounding the Small-Deer House, it was deemed advisable to follow the same BLEVENDE ANNUAL “REPORT. 63 course which had proven so satisfactory in developing the yards of the large Antelope House on ground equally difficult. The Executive Committee decided that it would be best, and also most economical, for all work in connection with the outer enclosures of the Small-Deer House to be performed under the daily personal supervision of the officers of the Park. Immediately upon the com- pletion of the walls and roof of the building the grading began, and was completed in sufficient time that the concrete coping, and the macadam of the entire eastern series of seventeen yards, was finished before the arrival of freezing weather. Not only that, but all the steel posts for those yards were set, in order that the erection of the fence panels and gates could proceed during the mild weather of winter and early spring. At the earliest possible moment in the coming spring, work will begin on the western series of yards, and it is our intention that by July 1, or earlier, they also will be completed. Meanwhile, the com- pleted eastern series will be occupied by animals now on hand, in storage. Fences and Gates.—To meet the peculiar demands of the small hoofed animals, the fences, partitions, and gates of the corrals described above demanded careful consideration. After much experimenting the Director and Chief Constructor finally pro- duced two entirely new types of fences and gates, and it is be- lieved that they will successfully meet the wants of this peculiar situation. The two fences consist of new combinations of netting, coiled spring wire, iron rods, and structural steel, designed to be satisfactory to the eves of the visitor, safe for the captive animals, adequate protection against sharp horns, yet no obstruction to air currents in-hot weather. At a later date these fences may be figured for the benefit of all persons who are interested for prac- tical reasons. Owing to the practical difficulties involved in making the iron- work to fit the sloping ground, and for other reasons, it has been found advisable to make all these fences in our own work- shop. The metal work for the eastern series of yards has been produced both expeditiously and economically, and is now ready to erect. ; The West Farms Entrance Plaza, excepting the cut-stone wall and steps, was constructed and paved by the Park construc- tion force; and the stone for the retaining wall also was selected and delivered on the ground by our men. This improvement required 3,700 yards of filling, and 12,000 square feet of paving. The brick wall around the Feed Barn and Service Yard was 64 NEW “YORK, -ZOOLOGICAE, SOGIE FY. erected partly by the Park force, and partly by James Henderson under a smali contract for laying the brick. The walls, pilasters and gate-posts are capped with green tile to match the roof of the barn, and the whole effect is very satisfactory. The wall varies in height from seven to nine feet, and its total length is 800 feet. The erection of the new barn rendered it possible to remove a large assortment of unsightly temporary sheds, after which all the ground surrounding the barn was macadamized, and surfaced with tar. The completion of the barn and its enclosing wall have made a great change in what previously was an unsightly spot. Antelope Shed.—The temporary presence in the Antelope House of two elephants, two rhinoceroses, one hippopotamus, two tapirs, four zebras, and a wild ass, all belonging in other buildings, has had the effect of crowding out of that building a number of valu- able antelopes. To carry the latter through the winter, it became necessary to erect in the Service Yard, with all possible haste, a shed about seventy feet long, and finish it before cold weather. This structure was rushed into existence, and is now serving a very important purpose. From end to end it is filled with valu- able tropical animals which rightfully belong in the Antelope House, and which will return thither at the earliest possible moment. ye Western Boundary Fence.—€Early in the year a new boundary fence was erected along the western side of the Park, from Pelham Avenue to 182d Street, a distance of about 3,000 feet. As usual, this fence consisted of extra heavy steel wire attached to heavy steel T-posts set on the stone retaining wall, or in con- crete. Work on Baird Court—The completion of the northern wall — and steps to Baird Court rendered it possible to finish the surface work on the north end of the Court, above the Sea-Lion Pool and Fountain. The walks on all that area were paved with Telford macadam, and tarred on the surface. The grass plat was filled in with top soil and graded, and around the space which lies between the Lion and Primate Houses, about 650 feet of granite coping were set. The sloping garden received about 500 cubic yards of top soil. Beaver Pond Pipe-Line.—The plan for supplying a good stream of water from the Bronx River into the head of the 3eaver Pond, undertaken in 1905, was completed in 1906 by the erection of a stone dam across the old raceway below the water- fall, and laying from it to the hydraulic ram about fifty feet of twelve-inch cast-iron pipe. When this was finished, the ram was PLAZA AT BOSTON ROAD ENTRANCE. View Directly South, Before Planting Was Completed PLAZA AT BOSTON ROAD ENTRANCE. View Directly South, After Planting and Terrace Wall were Completed. 66 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. immediately started pumping a three-inch stream of water into the head of the Beaver Pond; and this has continued automatically ever since, save in midwinter. The result is a great improvement in the quality of the water in the Beaver Pond, and the creation of a desirable running brook traversing the lower end of Beaver Valley. Water Supply at Bear Dens.—For several years past, the sup- ply of water for cage-washing purposes at the Bear Dens has been very inadequate, due to a feeble source of supply on 182d Street. To remedy this difficulty permanently, a line of two- inch pipe 400 feet long was run from the four-inch water main in front of the Reptile House eastward to the Bear Dens, by which there has been secured at the latter point a pressure of forty-five pounds per square inch against thirteen pounds per inch pre- viously. This also gives an increased supply of water at the Res- taurant and Buffalo Corrals. Tar Surface on Walks.—Our method of tar-coating the sur- face of walks has been found so successful and satisfactory we have resolved to treat all our macadam walks by that process. In 1905 it was not possible to apply tar to the surface of all the walks that were constructed during that year. The process is necessarily somewhat slow, and can not be hurried with accept- able results. This branch of work was taken up as early as the season would permit and continued throughout the year. To facilitate the work, a surface burner was purchased and used as occasion demanded. During the year 28,000 square feet of walks were surfaced with tar and half-inch stone, and rendered properly smooth, frost-proof, permanently dry, and free from an objection- able quantity of dust. With the important thoroughfare known as Osborn’s Walk, from which the whole surface of fine screenings had been worn off, leaving the walk unpleasantly rough, a new experiment was tried. The walk was swept free from dust, a coating of hot tar was applied upon the irregular surface, the half-inch stone was applied in a thin coat, and it was saturated with tar. The bond thus made proved quite effective, and the success of this experi- ment will lead to other work of a similar kind. The principal walks re-built, or re-surfaced, were Osborn’s Walk, Pheasants’ Aviary Walk, and the two walks leading from the west and north to the new Boston Road Entrance. Near the Service Building a new walk and road combined was built to connect Beaver Valley with the Service Road, at the Rep- tile House. This connecting link is much used by visitors. ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 67 “West Farms Block.’—For convenience this name is applied to the recent addition to Bronx Park which was made at West Farms. Owing to the fact that its surface lies well below the level of the Boston Road, which bounds it on the west, a very con- siderable amount of filling is necessary to bring its surface up to an acceptable grade. During the year about 5,000 yards of soil were hauled to this spot and disposed of to the best advantage ; but even with this, much more work remains to be done. Work on this feature will be taken up actively in the early spring. Much of the stone for the entrance walk that is to be built there is already on the ground. The Large Buffalo Range, from which, as a sanitary measure, the top soil was removed to a depth of six inches, was worked over and seeded down with red-top—a grass which it is believed will be better for the buffaloes than the unwholesome mixture of old grasses which originally covered the range. Miscellaneous Items.—Of the very large number of minor per- manent improvements carried out during 1906, mention should be made of the following :— Several thousand yards of top soil for the sides of the Con- course have been hauled and stored at the eastern end of Cope Lake. A flight of steps forty feet wide was built at the Fordham Entrance, because of an important change in the level of the street. Cages for breeding birds were built around the outside of the Breeding House, situated near the Aquatic Birds’ House. A water gate, of iron and wood, was built and hung under the Pelham Avenue bridge, to protect the interior of the Park. A concrete root-cellar was constructed in the Nursery. Two new drinking fountains were installed—near the Fox Dens and the Aquatic Birds’ House. Important alterations were made in the Pavilion lunch-room, at the Rocking-Stone Restaurant. Concrete floors were laid in all the deer houses not previously provided with them. The following figures give a summary of what was accom- plished during 1906 on some of the lines mentioned above: Wialks=sutiaced agith tar <0.) s2 28,000 square feet. Walks resurfaced with stone....... 17,000 _ - ie wrewralksx Dita nts. a. 3 sce Sees acces 3,200 * SERVIC GAGS tenis skews ne ve eters 3,600 % ‘< New fences: erected’... 4.5: WKS 2.850: lineal, 4 68 NEW “YORK sZ@OLOGICAL = S@CIE iy: Planting —The most important item of planting accomplished during the year was the screen of tall red cedars placed by con- tract between the Boston Road Entrance Plaza and West Farms, under the direction of Mr. James L. Greenleaf, Consulting Land- scape Architect. Some very necessary planting was done on the islands and shores of Lake Agassiz. The rhododendron groups along Beaver Valley Walk were strengthened, and the border plantations along the western and southern boundaries of the Park were increased by the addition of many new conifers. The summary of plantings for the year shows additions to the extent of 2,035 trees, 12,450 shrubs and vines, and 4,100 peren- nials. These are now generally in excellent condition. Insect Pests —During the year 1906, 11,194 tent caterpillar nests were found and destroyed, against 40,300 in 1905, a de- crease of almost 75 per cent. Three hundred and fifteen cocoons of noxious insects were collected, against 700 last year. Ovyster- shell, San Jose and other scales are now rarely found, due largely to the thoroughness with which spraying was accomplished by our machine. The results obtained by spraying the chestnut trees were not so good, and it is now feared that all but a few of these trees—not only in the Zoological Park, but in all this section of the city—are doomed. The forester has kept close watch for immune trees, so that seed may be gathered from them, but so far he has been unable to find a single specimen. Several egg-masses of the Mantis religiosa, or praying mantis, were hatched, and about eighty young specimens were liberated. Eggs and cocoons of other predaceous insects will be collected, and the insects liberated. Forestry.—Six hundred and twenty-five trees, including the chestnuts, were pruned and treated. Thirty-five dead trees were cut out and removed, as against two hundred last year, appar- ently proving the value of previous care. The general maintenance work of mowing lawns, edging the walks, the care of the thousands of newly planted trees and shrubs, and the mulching of lawns with about 400 loads of fer- tilizers, was also done by the forestry force. A larger number of men were employed this year than heretofore, and the improve- ment in the Park as a whole was noticeable. Good Order.—Notwithstanding the fact that during the past year there were eight arrests and convictions for offenses and depredations committed in that part of the Park lying east of the Boston Road, the crowds that thronged that region during the ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 69 summer months were, as a rule, orderly and quiet. The boisterous element was not nearly so troublesome as heretofore. Forest Fires.—The matter of forest fires is one which will have to be more vigorously dealt with in the future—probably by haying more watchmen on crowded days, and also by securing the arrest and conviction of persons who either carelessly or maliciously cause fires to be started. In the dry days of autumn, it is not an uncommon occurrence for our force to be called upon to extin- guish from twenty to thirty fires in one day, some of which are lighted with malicious intent. Shooting.—The shooting of Zoological Park birds and squir- rels now seems to be a thing of the past, as no arrests for this offense were made in our grounds during the year. On the whole, the problem of controlling the rowdy element seems to be satis- factorily solved. This is due in a great measure to the persistence and faithfulness of Special Officer Van Benschoten. CONTRACT WORK IN GROUND IMPROVEMENTS. Conducted under the direction of the Park Department for the Borough of the Bronx. Martin Schenck, Chief Engineer ; W. P. Hennessey, Asst. Engineer. Small-Deer House-—The most important building erected in 1906, was designed to accommodate a large number of small tropical deer, antelopes, and gazelles, such as now are rapidly accumulating. It has become well nigh an impossibility either to house in winter or properly exhibit in summer the delicate, yet very interesting small hoofed animals of the tropics and sub-tropics, without a special building. Accordingly a spacious structure 156 feet long by 46 feet wide was planned to occupy the open space immediately west of the Antelope House, origi- nally known as the Prong-Horned Antelope’s Range. A contract for this building, which is to be called the Small-Deer House, was let in 1905, to Guidone & Galardi, at a cost of $41,543. Work began very early in the spring, and by the end of December the building itself was complete. The cage work of the interior is now going in, and the installation will be ready for use about May 1, 1907. As previously stated, all the work on the yards and fences surrounding the building is being performed by a force of men under the direction of the officers of the Zoological Park. TIOUSE, eR ) “ SMALL-DI ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. Fa Walls and Stairways of Baird Court.—This contract was let in 1905, to the John V. Schaefer Company in the sum of $67,000, and a beginning was made in that year. Work was prosecuted throughout the working season of 1906, and the contract was completed in October. The Feed Barn, erected by William H. Wright & Son, was completed in the summer of 1906, and immediately occupied. Its cost was $15,316, and it forms a most valuable addition to the plant necessary for the economical maintenance of the Park. The Glass Court, which is really an addition to the large Bird-House, specially designed for American song birds, was completed by the George L. Walker Company, at a cost of $24,- 199, and occupied in September with a very full collection of birds. Two Toilet Buildings, east of the Bronx River, were com- pleted early in the spring, by Guidone & Galardi, at a cost of $8,385. The Public Comfort Building on the Boston Road, near the Boat House and new entrance, suffered a misfortune. In the belief that the contract awarded to Mr. J. J. Buckley in 1905 was generally satisfactory, Mr. Buckley promptly began active opera- tions, without waiting for the formal approval of the contract by the Law Department of the City. After a considerable amount of work had been performed, the Corporation Counsel decided that because of the adjournment for one week of the meeting of the Park Board on the date set for the opening of bids, the con- tract was invalid, and a reletting was necessary. This unfor- tunate circumstance delayed the erection of this building for an entire year. It stands to-day as it was left by Mr. Buckley when the contract was disapproved; but a new contract was let in January, 1907, and work will recommence early in the spring. The Entrance Pavilion at the new West Farms Entrance was not completed in 1906, but it will be ready for use early in the “opening of 1907. This contract is with William Horne & Com- pany, and the amount, without the registering turnstiles, is $5,008. Pelham Avenue Entrance, Concourse, and Western Approach to Baird Court.—A contract in the sum of $58,379.50, which was awarded in October to the John V. Schaefer, Jr., Company, em- braces three important improvements, which, when completed, will mark the practical finish of the northern end of the Zoological Park. The new entrance is intended to admit carriages and automobiles, as well as pedestrians, to the Concourse, by which to approach the broad stairways at the north end of Baird Court. Te NEW YORK -ZOOLO@OGICALT (SOC inv: The new western approach leads from Bird’s Valley Walk to the stairs which rise to the level of Baird Court at the western end of its transverse axis. All three of these very indispensable improvements should be completed in 1907. The Granite Steps at the Bear Dens, leading up to Rocking- Stone Hill, were completed by John Fury in the autumn of 1906, and are a very satisfactory piece of work. The Retaining Wail and Balustrade, a massive structure of cut stone to support a terrace about seven feet high, was constructed across the north end of the West Farms Entrance plaza, by Leshe McHarg & Co., at a cost of $4,770, and completed promptly in 1906. As noted elsewhere, the construction and surfacing of the plaza itself was performed under the direction of the officers of the Zoological Park, by the Park improvement force. MAINTENANCE. Mr. H. W. Merkel, Chief Constructor; Mr. E. H. Costain, Asst. Forester and Captain-of-the-Watch. As the size of the whole Zoological Park establishment in- creases and the number of buildings and collections multiply, the demands for maintenance become more numerous and more urgent. Thanks to the fact that, with few exceptions, all the improvements made have been of the most substantial and per- manent character, thus far the annual outlay for repairs to build- ings has been small. The time will come, however, when the an- nual budget for repairs will require consideration. The work of keeping the whole Zoological Park in clean and acceptable condition is really very great. Necessarily it requires a large force, and in that force we may fairly count quite two- thirds of the men and boys employed in the Park. Aside from the immense amount of hard labor involved in caring for the animals, and in keeping their quarters clean and wholesome, the labor of mowing, and of sweeping and clearing up the litter left by great crowds of visitors, is really very great. In order to lessen the cost of handling waste paper, dry straw, and luncheon refuse, it seems absolutely necessary that a small crematory should be established in some central situation, to save the cost of the long haul to the nursery. I regret to be obliged to report that the maintenance fund appropriated for the support of the Zoological Park during the ELEVEN@H- ANNUAL “REPORT. 73 year 1907, 1s not sufficient to meet the demands that must be made upon it. The great increase that was made in the bird collections during 1906 has correspondingly increased the cost of the monthly food supply. In addition to this, another mammal keeper must be engaged forthwith, and two gatekeepers must be added to the maintenance force, early in the coming spring. The new Small- Deer House also involves expenditures which can not be evaded. Notwithstanding all this, however, the appropriation for 1907 is about $3,500 less than that for 1906. I am unable to see how it will be possible to maintain the Zoological Park through the year 1907 with the funds available, and I fear a deficit of at least $5,000. In this connection we offer as an exhibit the following enu- meration of features which require to be maintained for the uses of the public, all the year round; and we invite comparisons in maintenance requirements and expenditures with those of other public institutions, wherever found: 10 Large animal buildings, (all heated). 10 Small animal buildings, (4 heated). 12 Large groups of outdoor dens, aviaries and corrals. 3 Animal storehouses, for winter use, all heated. 2 Restaurants. 6 Public-comfort buildings. 8 Entrances. 234 Acres of Park lands. 30 Acres of lakes and ponds. 7.78 Miles of walks and roads. 10.55 Miles of fences. 3,624 Living mammals, birds, and reptiles. It must be borne in mind that, despite the short period of its existence, the Zoological Park is to-day a very large institution. In extent of equipment, and in number of animals, we believe it is surpassed by only one other zoological establishment of a sim- ilar nature. DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION AND PRIVILEGES. H. R. Mitchell, Chief Clerk; Wm. Mitchell, Assistant. Although the disbursements on account of Maintenance and Ground Improvement through this department did not materially 74 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOGIERY: increase in 1906 over the previous year, all branches of the Privi- lege Department showed a gratifying increase in volume, and a corresponding increase in profits. For several years the privi- leges have been much in need of further development, and the Society has only been awaiting the arrival of a more favorable period in construction work to put them upon a new and better basis, fully up to the general standard set for the Zoological Park as a whole. Several important steps in this direction will be taken during the coming season. The old, obsolete and unsightly soda foun- tains, which heretofore have been leased by the year, are to be replaced through the purchase of the latest and most improved Twentieth Century Sanitary fountains. For the purpose of mak- ing these and other improvements, all of which will add largely to the net income from privileges, the Executive Committee has authorized the expenditure of a considerable sum out of the net profits accumulated during the past season. The privileges, if legitimately developed within the limits demanded for the con- venience and accommodation of visitors, will, we predict, within a year or two put the Animal Fund on a basis enabling the Society to purchase many desirable, rare, and expensive animals when offered without drawing from funds that should be devoted to other purposes. Boat House.—Early in the year 1906 it was found that it would be impossible to get the Boat House completed in time to open it this season, and the boating privilege was therefore re-let to the former lessee for another year, for the sum of $1,525. Work on the building was begun during the summer, and proceeded rapidly. At the close of the year it was practically finished, and will be turned over to the Society about March Ist. It has been decided to open this building in April, 1907, with a combined restaurant and lunch-room service. The north room will be fitted up as a dining-room, with a seating capacity of about one hundred. In the south room, adjoining the serving- room, a popular-priced lunch room will be opened. This will comfortably accommodate about eighty persons. The large fire- place at one end of this room will be a pleasing and attractive feature, especially in winter, when the lunch-room will be kept open for the accommodation of skaters, and visitors to the Park generally. In the extreme south end of the building, there are two serving- - rooms, in one of which there is to be a lunch counter, and in the other a modern soda fountain of large capacity. ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. (5 A new thirty-foot electric launch has been purchased, and will be put in commission on Bronx Lake at the opening of the next boating season, to make regular trips between the Boat House and Bronxdale landing. Ten cents will be charged for a trip of more than a mile, and stop-over checks will be given at the upper landing. To this will be added the ordinary business of boat- letting, which always has been profitable. New and up-to-date boats will be purchased and added to the present equipment as rapidly as circumstances seem to demand them. We confidently expect this business, as a whole, will prove to be one of our most popular and profitable privileges. Rocking Stone Restaurant.—On the whole, the past year has been a very successful period for the Restaurant, and while the net profits did not quite equal those of last season, an increase would have been shown, but for the unfavorable weather in the month of October, when the attendance fell off more than 50,000, as compared with that of the previous year. An important improvement developed was the establishment of our own laundry, which, in addition to giving us better work than we were able to secure outside, saves us the constant annoy- ance of the slow and uncertain deliveries which we had experi- enced from independent laundries. Soda Water.—The manufacture of our own ice cream, as inau- gurated in 1905, was continued with increased success. Not- withstanding the enormously high prices we were obliged to pay for ice during the entire season, the profit from soda-water alone was $4,032.76 as against $2,946.07 in 1905. The net profits of the soda-water stands for the year, including the sales of can- dies and cigars, reached a total of $5,414.08. Souvenir Postal Cards.—Vhe sale of souvenir postal cards was continued under the plan adopted in 1905, and but for an un- avoidable delay in the delivery of stock ordered in the early part of the vear, the sales would have doubled those of last year. This privilege netted $1,295.55 for the Animal Fund in 1906 as com- pared with $760.77 in 1905. Many new subjects were added to all series of cards. Our souvenir postal collection appears to be the largest and most complete in the animal line to be found any- where, and new subjects are constantly being added. The increase in the sales of souvenir postal cards was so marked as to be worthy of special mention. In September they sometimes reached a total of more than $50 per day. Guide Book.—The completion of several important buildings and installations, and the large additions to the animal collections ‘QULIJUY SULIR] JSOM IRI ‘oyRYT XUOIG UO poajzeEN}IG ‘ASNOH LVOd MAN BLEVENTH ANNUAL. REPORT. all of the Park, both in numbers and species, made it absolutely nec- essary that the Guide Book to the Park be thoroughly revised, and considerably increased in size. The first issue of the Giraffe Edition was exhausted early in the year, and it was therefore necessary to get out a small issue of 7,000 copies of that Edition, and thereby postpone the revision of the Guide until the spring of 1907. The profits for the year were $1,335.75. Souvenir Books.—It has long been our desire to increase the size of our small book of views to twenty-four subjects, and make other improvements in the illustrations which would make it still more aitractive. On that basis an order was placed for an edition of 5,000 copies, and they will be delivered early in the spring. The large books of Park views, which sell at fifty cents and one dollar, were sufficiently popular that the supplies were exhausted before the close of the season, and orders were placed for a revised edition of each size. The profits realized for the season from the souvenir books were $368.37. Riding Animals.—The riding-animal establishment now has a well recognized popularity, and continually increasing patronage from children of all classes. Great care is taken to keep the ponies and vehicles up to a proper standard, and the attendants neatly uniformed. The business for the year showed a satisfactory in- crease Over 1905, and profits reaching the sum of $1,503.32. Gate Receipts.—Since the opening of the Park, there has been a constant and gratifying increase in receipts for admission on closed days, with the single exception of the year 1904, when there was a slight falling off. The year 1906 was no exception to the general rule as will be shown by the following table, showing receipts by years. Year. Gate Receipts. O10 Le Gad, Woe oe eee sat? $1,869.35 MOO Ea eRe Se eo syaiohs Sento ats cc 2,998.80 GOD weer er teteg aero iy aia Mehohsin SG aoes Saas 4,250.50 GOR Bees meres Araki | NaC aes CG 5,912.95 HNO Aa ce Rnep yeh wen es TN: Ma aleenjas olecensoe eee ere 5,421.90 INC OG Thora ae rien ope EA Re eee rE 6,849.00 GEG, * SOS Bat ces eet Gees oto ee ees ee ae $5132.35 Feed Barn.—TYhe Feed Barn which was under construction at the close of last year, was completed in 1906, and is proving to be a valuable factor in the economic handling of the constantly in- 78 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. creasing quantity of hay, straw, and feed required in the main- tenance of our very large collection of hoofed animals. This building, in addition to providing stable facilities for a number of horses, as well as space for carriages and vehicles in the base- ment, has bins and storage space on the two upper floors for a supply of hay and grain sufficient to last several months. Ice Manufacturing and Refrigeration Plant.—VYhe difficulty experienced during the last season in obtaining the large quantity of ice that is now required in the general maintenance of the Park, for the preservation of the large amount of meat and food supplies continually on hand, the care of museum specimens while awaiting autopsy, as well as for the needs of the Restaurant and Soda Water Department, brought home to us very forcibly the absolute necessity of our being able to take care of our own de- mands for ice and refrigeration without depending on conditions beyond our control. In 1906 we were unable to harvest a suff- cient crop of pond ice to fill our two small ice houses, but even had they been filled, their contents are now totally inadequate for our present needs. We urge the erection during the coming season of a building suitable for the storage of a liberal quantity of ice in one end, when a crop is obtainable, and the other end to be fitted with a combination refrigeration and ice-making machine of about ten tons capacity, thus placing us on a safe basis regardless of weather conditions. CIVIL ENGINEERING. George M. Beerbower, Civil Engineer. The volume of engineering work continues as great as ever, and during the year it covered many different pieces of work. Of these the most important were the eastern end of the Service Road, the yards around the Small-Deer House, the Service Road from the Reptile House to the Beaver Pond, the wall and yards surround- ing the new Barn, the West Farms Entrance plaza, and the site and yards of the Elephant House. Mr. Beerbower superintended the construction of the Feed Barn, which was designed by him, and furnished all surveys around the Boat House. He perfected the automatic turnstile invented by him last year, and it is now being manufactured for the Boston Road Entrance. The official map of the Zoological Park has been brought down to date, and engraved anew for the Guide Book under our engineer’s direction. ELEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT. 79 During the coming year, much engineering work will be re- quired in the western yards of the Small-Deer House, the Zebra Houses, and the Elephant House yards and walks. PHOTOGRAPHY AND PUBLICATIONS. Elwin R. Sanborn, Photographer and Asst. Editor. Both in variety and importance, the duties of Mr. Sanborn con- stantly increase. The extent and scientific value of the Society’s collection of more than 3,000 animal photographs is now becoming generally known, and its sphere of usefulness is rapidly widening. It is no exaggeration to say that the animal photographs made by Mr. Sanborn to serve the special purposes of zoology have fixed a standard of considerable value in such work. It is a fact, however, that even yet there are many persons who hold firmly to the belief that inexperience and an ordinary camera can, without any special facilities, secure good photographs of wild animals in captivity, provided a “permit” can be secured. For many reasons, it is a practical impossibility to permit every person who holds this belief to test it in the Zoological Park. During the year Mr. Sanborn has made-up and put through the press the annual report and the regular numbers of THe But- LETIN, all illustrated from photographs made by him especially for those publications. His photographs of living amphibians were especially successful, and marked a great advance beyond all previous efforts with animals of that branch. The coming year promises to be for Mr. Sanborn’s department an unusually busy one. Aside from the regular publications there is to be issued the first number of a new publication on the Na- tional Collection of Heads and Horns, and a new and extended edition of the Guide to the Zoological Park. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The Director gratefully acknowledges the special devotion to duty of all the officers of the Zoological Park staff during his four months’ absence in 1906 on account of illness. It is both a duty and a pleasure to assure the members of the Society that under Chief Clerk Mitchell, as Acting Director, the affairs of the Park were most admirably conducted, and in the administrative 80 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. machinery of the establishment there was not the slightest abate- ment of efficiency. On the whole, the year 1906 may now be regarded with a feel- ing of satisfaction and gratitude. Our relations with the public and the city government were maintained on the basis of good- will that has heretofore prevailed. The good reputation of the Zoological Park force has also been well maintained. Our pleasant relations with the officers of the Park Department for Bronx Borough are unchanged, and remain a constant source of benefit and satisfaction. Respectfully submitted, WILLIAM T. Hornapay, Director. -oS QI Wid PIO UY Word ‘Ir saquiojdag ‘uopazey apjseD }e woLIoUIy ur puly Auuaf yo souvIvoddy 4sItT “oSgt NI DNIGTING WOIYVNOV AHL AO AOLMALNI eines emer EIR. oo ots A RL om nn Nae RELORI OF THE DIRECTOR OF FHE AQUARIUM TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS N DECEMBER, 1906, the New York Aquarium completed its first decade, with a record of over seventeen millions of vis- itors. Its patronage by the public has been astonishingly large and in the matter of attendance it is probably unequaled by any institution in the world. A building three times as large would be required to comfortably accommodate the visitors which throng it. The Zoological Society, in the four years of its management of the institution, has been engaged in improving the building in various ways, the work of the past year having included new boilers and a new ventilating system. The tedious work of re- placing worn-out piping with lead-lined pipe, which has been in progress for several months, is still going on. In addition to the regular maintenance fund, the City has gen- erously provided an improvement fund, which has made the work of the past four years possible, while the maintenance fund has permitted of a number of minor improvements each year. An- other year’s work should place the equipment of the building in such condition that its collections can be made more varied and interesting than heretofore. The employees, most of whom have been in the Aquarium many years, continue to render good service, and may be considered ex- perts in their line of work. Their duties are exacting and include cleaning and heating of the building, the care of the different water svstems, the feeding and care of the collections and attention to the comfort of visitors. They have gathered by seining from local waters, practically all of the fresh and salt-water fishes now in the Aquarium. It is not possible to create any further exhibition space in the present building, which is stocked to its fullest capacity, and addi- tions can no longer be made without rejecting important species now on hand. The collections do not change much from year to year, but interesting species are added as opportunity affords. The exhibits 84 NEW. YORK ZOOEOGICALS SOCIEING are varied and include fishes, turtles, crocodilians, salamanders, frogs, marine mammals, and invertebrates, all of which are dis- tributed according to the space available. The exhibits in gen- eral are larger and more varied than those of any other aquarium. A small fish-hatchery, maintained as an exhibit of fish-culture, continues to be of interest to the public, and has been supplied annually with fish eggs by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries from Government hatcheries. The collection of tropical fishes from the West Indies receives some additions each summer, and annual exchanges of fishes are made with the aquariums at Detroit and Washington. Among the larger animals received during the year were a 400-pound loggerhead turtle, seven specimens of the giant snap- ping turtle of the Lower Mississippi, two large tarpons, two manatees, three hawksbill turtles, and two sea-lions. The tarpons —accidental wanderers from the South—were taken in New York Bay and were objects of great interest during the summer. The experiment ot keeping sea-lions in the building has re- sulted satisfactorily. It was feared that these naturally noisy animals would be disturbing to visitors, but they have been trained to a condition of comparative quiet. The collection of sea turtles is exceptionally fine, consisting of loggerheads—the largest weighing 400 pounds; green turtles— the largest weighing 313 pounds ; hawksbills—the largest weighing 60 pounds, and a Pacific green turtle of about 50 pounds. The floor pools available for large aquatic animals, being only seven in number, a definite limit is placed on exhibits of this class. The work of photographing living fishes and other aquatic forms in the Aquarium has been continued as opportunity afforded, so that the best of illustrations of this character are now available. ATTENDANCE. For the past three years the attendance at the Aquarium has been increasing. The year 1906 has proved to be a record year, the total number of visitors having been 2,106,569—a daily aver- age of 5,771. The increase over the year I905 amounts to 380,399. The summer attendance was exceptionally large; that of the month of August having been 369,547—a daily average of 11,921 for the month. The Sunday attendance during August varied from 20,000 to 27,000. MEE VN El ANN OIA SREP OR Q5 The following table shows the attendance at the Aquarium in 1906 by months: January ...Number of visitors 106,242 Daily average 3,427 February ... i xs 100,321 s i 3,583 March... :. - - 7 121,197 oF % 3,909 Sone arene % = 191,463 ‘s : 6,382 Wa). #26 4.2: =: J 210,027 :. i 6775 Witimien fs: i 178,815 es ae 5 GO, Claes ss x 261,376 - a 8,431 PAUOMISE 55. « z : 360,547 is 2 a Sie O2m September .. - i 267,799 ss Pa 8,020 October .s-: : rs 138,727 i ei 4,475 November .. “ ‘ 100,184 ; = 3,230 December .. a z 60,871 s 1,960 Mota tess... see es. 2,106,569 4 ‘4 7a With the close of the year 1906, the Aquarium completes its tenth year. The total attendance for these ten vears amounts to 17,103,328—a daily average of 4,685. This appears to be, from the data available, a world’s record. The attendance for the past ten years is shown in the following table : TSO pmareee eines ch aisy ens Visitors 1,635,252 Daily average 4,480 NOOSie wats. sat oi: : 1,689,471 be ; 625 HOO! Mote ss ae. % 1,841,330 - of) Stesioad MOMOMO Mpa ciet eens ‘3 1,585,584 he “4,344 HOT Me. eye ee oe % 1,044,850 i 4,506 INC C7 Setar ae eae mare = 1,700,453 ‘