S SEP 10 1975

STATE OF MONTANA

ANNUAL REPORT

of the

STATE VETERINARY SURGEON

to the

LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD
July 1, 1967 through June 30, 1968

THUBBER'S

Montana Stale Library

3 0864 1005 0960 6

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Letter of Transmittal from the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board

to the Governor of the State of Montana. 1

B. Letter of Transmittal from the Stat2 Veterinary Surgeon

to the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board ii

C. Members of the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board iii

D. Divisions of the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board iv

E. History and Duties of the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board v

II. DIVISION REPORTS

A. ADMINISTRATION DIVISION REPORT

1. Preface. , 1

2. Livestock Sanitary Board Staff 2

3. Artificial Insemination 3

4. Grant to the Veterinary Research Laboratory 3

5 . Official Regulations 4

6. Official Orders 4

7. Licenses and Permits Issued 5

8. Cooperating Agencies, Departments and Associations. 6

9. Financial Statements 7

B. DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY DIVISION REPORT

1. Comments on Diagnostic Laboratory.... 9

2. Distribution of Laboratory Tests by Type of Test 10

3. Distribution of Laboratory Tests by Specie, Product or Material 11

4. Autopsies Performed Report 12

5. Bacteriology and Chemical Tests on Buttermilk, Cottage Cheese,

Cream and Milk , 13

6. Bacteriology, Pathology, Parasitology and Virology Report..... 14

T a b 1 e of C o n t e n t s

PAGE

7. Chemical Report 27

8. Serology Report 31

C. DISEASE CONTROL DIVISION REPORT

1. Comments on Disease Control 32

2. Cattle Diseases 33

3. Horse Diseases 36

4. Sheep Diseases.......... 37

5. Swine Diseases,... , 37

6. Poultry Diseases 38

7. Wild Animal Diseases.,... 38

8. Official Animal Inspections Report 40

9. Imports into Montana 41

10. Out-of-State Breeders Holding Permits to Import Semen for

Artificial Insemination 42

11. Out-of-State Hatcherymen Holding Permits to Import Baby Chicks

and Hatching Eggs 42

12. Official Inspections Hade at Ilontana Livestock Auction Markets 43

13. Garbage Feeding Establishments 43

14. Montana Veterinarians' Animal Disease Report 44

15. Etiological Agents Responsible for Diseases Reported by

Montana Veterinarians 48

D. DAIRY & MILK INSPECTION REPORT

1. Comments on Dairy & Milk Inspection ., 49

2. Official Inspections and Laboratory Tests of Milk,

Milk Products, Dairies and Milk Plants 51

3. Milk Plant Sanitation Compliance Ratings with

Montana Livestock Sanitary Board Regulations.. 52

4. Retail Raw Dairies Sanitation Compliance Ratings with

Montana Livestock Sanitary Board Regulations.... 53

Table of Contents

PAGE
MEAT INSPECTION DIVISION REPORT

1. Comments on Meat Inspection...... 54

2. Official Establishment Inspections 56

3. Labels and Sketches 56

4. Establishments Under State Meat Inspection 57

5. Establishments Under Federal Meat Inspection 57

6. Animals Slaughtered Under State and Federal Meat Inspection

and Animals Slaughtered Without Meat Inspection ,. 58

7. Whole Carcasses Found Unfit for Human Consumption Under

State and Federal Meat Inspection 58

8. Parts of Carcasses Found Unfit for Human Consumption Under

State and Federal Meat Inspection 58

9. Beef and Swine Livers Found Unfit for Human Consumption Under

State and Federal Meat Inspection 58

10. Pounds of Meat and/or Meat By-Products Processed Under

State Meat Inspection 59

11. Meat and Meat By-Products Pveinspected and Rejected Under

State Meat Inspection 59

12. Diagnoses of Whole Carcasses Condemned at Slaughter Under

State Meat Inspection...., 60

13. Diagnoses of Beef Livers Condemned at Slaughter Under

State Meat Inspection 60

14. Diagnoses of Parts of Carcasses Condemned at Slaughter Under

State Meat Inspection..... 61

STATE OF MONTANA

LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD

Helena, Montana 59601

July 1, 1968

The Honorable Tim Babcock
Governor of the State of Montana
Helena, Montana 59601

Dear Governor Babcock:

In compliance with Title 46, Section 242, R.C.M. 1947, we are transmitting to you
the "Annual Report of the State Veterinary Surgeon to the Livestock Sanitary
Board" for the fiscal year July 1, 1967 through June 30, 1968.

There were four meetings of the Livestock Sanitary Board during the fiscal year:

September 11 and 13, 1967 Helena

December 4 and 5, 1967 Billings

March 4, 5 and 7, 1968 Helena

May 20 and 22, 1968 Helena

The complete Minutes of all the above meetings are recorded in the "Official
Minute Book of the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board" and are on file in the
Office of the State Veterinary Surgeon, Livestock Building, Capitol Grounds,
Helena, Montana.

Respectfully submitted,

J. W. SAFFORD, D.V.M.

Executive Officer

MONTANA LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD

STATE OF MONTANA

LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD

Helena, Montana 59601

July 1, 1968

The Honorable Livestock Sanitary Board
Helena, Montana 59601

Dear Sirs:

In compliance with Title 46, Section 242, R.C.M, 1947, I submit to
you the "Annual Report of the State Veterinary Surgeon to the
Livestock Sanitary Board" for the fiscal year July 1, 1967 through
June 30, 1968.

The work, interest and time you give serving on the Montana Live-
stock Sanitary Board can only be that of dedication to the best
interests of the people of Montana, as each of you serves without
pay. To each of you, my sincere appreciation for your most valu-
able counsel, advice and assistance.

It is hoped that this "Annual Report" will adequately reflect the
good work accomplished by the full-time staff of the Livestock
Sanitary Board and all the Deputy State Veterinarians in Montana.
I commend their accomplishments to the Board.

Respectfully submitted,

J. W. SAFFORD

State Veterinary Surgeon

STATE OF MONTANA

JWS/jc

ii

MEMBERS
of the
MONTANA LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD

MR. ARCHIE 0. WILSON, Chairman Hysham

MR, F. T. SAYLOR, Vice-Chairman Choteau

MR. JOHN W. BLACK Hinsdale

MR. WILFORD JOHNSON Hall

MR. MANLY A. MOORE Powderville

MR. MELVIN PETERSON Wisdom

J. W. SAFFORD, D.V.M.
Executive Officer

iii

DIVISIONS
of the

MONTANA LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD

ADMINISTRATION J. W. Safford, D.V.M.

DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY Beckwith Hubbell, Jr., D.V.M.

DISEASE CONTROL Glenn C. Halver, D.V.M.

DAIRY & MILK INSPECTION Herb Ballou, M.S.

MEAT INSPECTION Herb Brosz, D.V.M.

iv

HISTORY AND DUTIES

of the

MONTANA LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD

The Livestock Sanitary Board was created by Chapter 152 of the 1907 Laws of
Montana and re-enacted by Chapter 262 of the 1921 Laws of Montana,

The duties of the Livestock Sanitary Board are set out in the following Sections
of the Revised Codes of Montana, 1947:

46-201 through 46-246

46-301 through 46-303

46-401 through 46-4i5

46-902 through 46-921

46-2401 through 46-2406

46-2501 through 46-2515

46-2601 through 46-2611

82-2901 through G2-2903

34-5209 through 34-5213

84-6012

94-3559

94-3593 through 94-3594

94-35-172

94-35-189 through 94-35-194

The duties of the Livestock Sanitary Board are to confine, eradicate, control or
prevent diseases of livestock and poultry; prevent the introduction of livestock
and poultry diseases into the State of Montana; maintain a Diagnostic Laboratory;
license, establish and maintain a system of inspection of meat and meat plants,
slaughterhouses, dairies, milk and milk plants, rendering plants, garbage feeding
and garbage cooking establishments and animal artificial insemination.

In addition, duties of the Livestock Sanitary Board are to obtain samples of meat
and milk offered for human consumption and carry out bacteriological and chemical
analyses of these samples; provide for safety of manufactured or refined foods
for livestock; and provide for the control and safety of remedies and biological
products used for treatment of animals.

A D II I NISTHATICU DIVISI 0 K r.E? OUT PAGE 1

fpjzfacz

As the population continues to increase and higher standards of living are
achieved, the importance of animal agriculture will continue to increase because
livestock products are essential in a well-ba lanced diet. Higher animal pro-
ductivity throughout the world will be demanded as a source of essential food.

Food energy is unequivocally of prime importance to national survival and nation-
al productivity. There seems to be a dangerous trend in the United States among
non-agricultural planners to anticipate the increasing demand for food energy for
this nation will be solved - somehow - by some miraculous technical innovations.
This simply will not be so.... at least for quite a number of decades. The high
productivity of animal agriculture will continue to be the major source of essen-
tial food items in the United States for many decades.

Sixty per cent of the world's livestock numbers are in the developing countries
of the world, yet they produce only 30% of the world's livestock products of meat,
milk and eggs. Why? ""Inadequate animal nutrition, along with animal diseases
and pests, are the major limitations to world animal productivity."

The rancher and farmer in the United States represents less than 1 per cent of
the world population.... yet, they produce about 25% of the meat and over 33 1/3%
of the fluid milk in the world.

The effective implementation of state and federal laws and regulations pertaining
to animal health and interstate movement has been of immeasurable value in pre-
venting the spread and in the eradication of many animal diseases and pests thus
increasing productivity.

Science has provided many chemicals and therapeutic agents which have assisted
tremendously in the control and eradication of livestock diseases and pests.
Specific animal diseases and pests which have heretofore had either limited or
ineffective measures of control can now be eliminated.

With the introduction of the newer chemicals and drugs, many scientists have
warned that much caution is to be exercised in their use. **"For the last fifty
years we have lived in the age of chemicals; nov, we enter the age of toxicology."

State and federal laws and regulations have been passed regulating the use of
many of the newer chemicals and drugs, More laws and regulations are being formu-
lated with the ultimate object of.... consumer health protection.

How as always...... high animal productivity and consumer health protection

must coexist in harmony.

It is the duty and responsibility of the staff of the Montana Livestock Sanitary
Board to prevent animal diseases and pests from becoming major limitations on
animal production in Montana, as is occurring in so many areas of the world; and
through enforcement of existing laws and regulations in animal agriculture, assure
the consumer a safe and wholesome product. To this work we are dedicated.

"The World Food ProblemT~President ' s Science Advisory Committee; Vol. l,liay, 1967;
The White House.
** Proceedings Seventieth Annual Meeting of the United States Livestock Sanitary
Association; 1966; page 425.

Administration Division Report PAGE 2

LIVESTOCK SANITARY BCA?.E STAFF

The varied functions assigned to the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board are carried
out by five separate but closely coordinated and interrelated Divisions of
operation. The five Divisions are: Administration, Diagnostic Laboratory, Dis-
ease Control, Dairy & Milk Inspection and Heat Inspection.

Following is a chart showing the number of "full-time equivalent" employees hired
to carry-out the duties and responsibilities of the Livestock Sanitary Board for
the past six fiscal years:

FISCAL YEAR

DIVISION 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968

Administration 7.9 7.0 7.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

Diagnostic Laboratory 12.0 10.0 11.6 10.1 11.0 12.0

Disease Control 9.0 11.2 12.7 9.6 11.6 9.9

Dairy & Milk Inspection 3.0 3.5 3.9 3.6 3.0 3.3

>Meat Inspection 7.0 3.3 10.7 14.3 17.9 19.2

TOTAL 38.9 40.5 45.9 43.1 48.5 49.4

"Increase represents expanded program and increased state-wide inspection services.

The inflationary effect of competitive veterinarian salaries, the nation-wide
shortage of veterinarians and the unexpected loss of District Deputy State Veter-
inarians resulted, during the 1968 fiscal year, in reassignment of geographical
areas and reorganization of duties to obtain maximum utilization of the veterin-
ary medical and scientific manpower available in Montana.

Six District Deputy State Veterinarian positions were reduced to four, with three
positions filled at the end of the fiscal year. Prior assignments of routine
dairy and milk plant inspection, milk sample collection, slaughterhouse and ren-
dering plant inspections have been removed from the responsibility of the District
Deputy State Veterinarian. The District Deputy State Veterinarians' primary
function will be in the area of livestock disease control and investigations.
More reliance will be placed upon the private veterinary practitioners (Resident
Deputy State Veterinarians) in the area of disease investigation and control
whose services will be paid for on a per diem pay basis. This will permit the
District Deputy State Veterinarians to specialize in livestock disease control
problems and coordinate the activities of Resident Deputy State Veterinarians on
state-wide and regional disease control problems.

The slaughterhouse and rendering plant inspection and sampling procedures have
been assigned to the staff of the Meat Inspection Division who are specialists in
this field.

Dairy and milk plant inspections and milk sample collections have been assigned
to the staff of the Dairy & Milk Inspection Division. Additional specialists
have been appointed, thus relieving the District Deputy State Veterinarian of the
ever-increasing routine work required in this area.

The basic organization of the livestock disease control staff remains and organi-
zational plans provide for immediate expansion to handle any serious disease
threat by fully utilizing the services of Resident Deputy State Veterinarians and
the specialists at the Diagnostic Laboratory.

Administration Division Report PA

Liv3stock Sanitary Board Staff (Continued)

Special recognition is given to the many Resident Deputy State Veterinarians who
have assisted in the field on special assignments of disease control work, in-
vestigations and inspections.

It is a pleasure for me to report to the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board that
they have a most capable staff in each of the Divisions. This past year, specifi-
cally, they are to be commended for the outstanding work they have done, which the
following Division Reports will amply demonstrate.

ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

On behalf of the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board, the Animal and Range Sciences
Department of Montana State University held two courses on artificial insemination
and sanitation during the fiscal year to assist individuals in qualifying for a
license. Duly appointed representatives of the Livestock Sanitary Board, who
serve on the staff of Montana State University, conducted licensing examinations
twice during the fiscal year to determine qualifications of license applicants.

In accordance with Chapter 37, Laws of 1953, 308 licenses were issued to individu-
als during the fiscal year to practice artificial insemination in Montana, The
growth in the practice of artificial insemination in Montana has been from 24 li-
censes issued ten years ago (1957/58 fiscal year) to 308 licenses issued this
fiscal year.

GRANT TO THE VETERINARY RESEARCH LABORATORY

The Montana Livestock Sanitary Board approved a grant of $10,000 for the fiscal
year to the Montana Veterinary Research Laboratory, specifying that the entire
amount was to be used to assist in the research project of improving diagnostic
tests for bovine and ovine vibriosis.

Administration Division Report PAGE 4

OFFICIAL REGULATIONS

Revised:

The following Official Regulations were revised and adopted during the
fiscal year:

1. Chapter 3, Regulation 301. "Definition of Terms Used Herein".

2. Chapter 3, Regulation 302. "Quarantine of Infected or Reactor Ani-

mals and Herds Containing Such Animals".

3. Chapter 23, Regulations 2301 through 2321. "Meat Inspection".

OFFICIAL ORDERS

The following Official Orders were issued during the fiscal year:

1. Official Order No. 212. "An Order Placing Cows and/or Goats Affected

with Mastitis Under Quarantine".

2. Official Order No. 213. "An Order Requiring Prior Permit and Dipping of

Cattle to be Imported from the State of Washington".

3. Official Order No. 214. "An Order Placing Cattle Under Quarantine for

Sarcoptic Scabies".

4. Official Order No. 215. "An Order on All Cattle on Premises of Farms

and Dairies from Which the Sale of Milk is Prohibited because of
High Pesticide Content".

5. Official Order No. 216. "An Order Requiring Mandatory Meat Inspection

in the State of Montana".

Administration Division Report PAGE 5

LICENSES AND PERMITS ISSUED

'^Licenses

Artificial Inseminators 308

Dairies:

Producer 392

Retail Raw 10

Garbage Feeding 11

Meat Depots 4

Meat Packing Houses 20

Milk Plants 26

Rendering Plants 12

Slaughterhouses :

Poultry 5

Rabb it . 4

Red Meat 66

Total Licenses Issued 858

Permits

Milk Distributors 118

Poultry Shipping (Chicks and hatching eggs) 66

Semen for Artificial Insemination , 606

Total Permits Issued 790

TOTAL LICENSES AND PERMITS ISSUED 1, 648

•'License fees collected during the fiscal year and submitted to the State of Mon-
tana General Fund $2,509

Administration Division Report PAGE 6

COOPERATING AGENCIES, DEPARTMENTS AND ASSOCIATIONS

The Montana Livestock Sanitary Board's duties and responsibilities are accomp-
lished through the cooperation, advice and assistance of many. To the following
we express our sincere thanks:

Montana Attorney General's Office

Montana City and County Health Departments

Montana Fish & Game Commission

Montana Horse Racing Commission

Montana Independent Meat Packers Association

Montana Livestock Commission

Montana State Department of Health

Montana State University:

Animal and Range Sciences Department
Cooperative Extension Service
Veterinary Research Laboratory

Montana Stockgrowers Association

Montana Swine Growers Association

Montana Veterinary Medical Association

Montana Wool Growers Association

Rocky Mountain Laboratory

U. S. Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife

U. S. Department of Agriculture:

Agricultural Research Service, Animal Health Division, Montana
Consumer and Marketing Service, Meat Inspection Division

U. S. Food and Drug Administration

U. S. Public Health Service

Admin i s t ration Division Report PAGE

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

STATEMENT OF APPROPRIATED FUNDS

FUNDS AVAILABLE 7/1/67

General Funds

Personal Services - - Excluding Part-time $227,550

Part-time Employees - Meat Inspection 21,350

Operation & Capital - Encumbered 13,433

Operation & Capital 35, 000

Veterinary Research Grant 10,000

Total General Funds Available $307,838

LSB Earmarked Revenue Fund 215100

Personal Services - - Excluding Part-time $156,200

Part-time Salaries - Disease Control...... 28,800

Operation & Capital 44,500

Total LSB Emkd. Rev. Fund 215100 Available 229,500

TOTAL ALL FUNDS AVAILABLE 7/1/67 $537,338

FUNDS EXPENDED

General Funds

Personal Services - - Excluding Part-time....... $216,236

Part-time Employees - Meat Inspection 13,972

Operation & Capital 44,769

Veterinary Research Grant 10, 000

Total General Funds Expended $234,977

LSB Earmarked Revenue Fund 215100

Personal Services - - Excluding Part-time $134,853

Part-time Salaries - Disease Control 27,234

Operation & Capital 35, 195

Total LSB Emkd. Rev. Fund 215100 Expended 197,232

TOTAL ALL FUNDS EXPENDED 6/30/53 $482,259

CASH BALANCE 6/30/68 $ 55,079

Administration Division Report

PAGE 8

Financial Statements (Continued)

STATEMENT OF LSB EAPi-IARICZD REVENUE FUND 215100

CASH BALANCE 7/1/67 $ 63, 654

Income

Livestock Taxes ( 4% mills) 216, 749

Cancelled Warrant , 12^

Total Cash Balance and Income $285,415

Funds Expended

Appropriated Funds. $197,282

Total Funds Expended 197,282

CASH BALANCE 6/30/68 $ 88,133

* STATEMENT OF LSB EARMARKED REVENUE FUND 215000

FUNDS AVAILABLE

Fund Balance 7/1/67

U. S. Govt. Bonds (Face Value) $101,000

Accrued Interest (U. S. Govt. Bonds) 1,386

Income

Accrued Interest (U. S. Govt. Bonds) 3,929

TOTAL FUNDS AVAILABLE $106,315

FUNDS EXPENDED

Investment of Accrued Interest (U. S. Govt. Bonds) ........ ». $ 4,500

TOTAL FUNDS EXPENDED 4,500

FUND BALANCE 6/30/68 „._. $10_lz815

•deserve for Emergency Us2 in Controlling Dangerous Disease Outbreaks.

D I A G N 0 ST I C LABOR ATORY DIVISION REPORT PAGI

CpjjMBMTS OH THE DIAGNOSTIC LA30RAT0RY

Zech year there is increased dependence upon the Diagnostic Laboratory for diag-
nosis of livestock diseases and testing to assure z. safe milk and meat supply.
Laboratory equipment and techniques become more sophisticated and refined at a
rather rapid pace in our scientific and technological era.

The rapid development and massive application of a great number of chemicals for
innumerable uses in agriculture has resulted in acute toxicity and death in ani-
mals. There is great and growing concern over the long-range effects of continued
intake of low-level chemicals, singly or in combination, on the health of animals;
and in some instances, upon the capability of an animal specie to continue to re-
produce its kind. Domestic livestock, being a most important source of essential
food for man, carrying various amounts of these chemicals and their metabolites
in their tissues (singly or in combination), poses the same serious concern for
the long-range effects on the health of man. There has been a two-fold increase
of work in the chemistry section of the laboratory to assure that milk and meat
for human consumption do not contain chemicals or their metabolites in excess of
the amounts established by law and regulation. It can be anticipated that re-
fined chemical analyses on foods of animal origin will continue to increase.

The chemistry section continued to perform a service for the Montana Horse Racing
Commission by running official drug detection tests on horses from all races op-
erating under the supervision of the Horse Racing Commission. This work requires
a concentrated effort during the summer months.

The virology section has made good progress in assisting in the diagnosis of the
increasing number of virus-caused diseases in domestic and wild animals.

The consultation, advice and assistance from the staff of the Montana Veterinary
Research Laboratory has been invaluable to the Livestock Sanitary Board Diagnos-
tic Laboratory during the year. This excellent cooperation between the research
and diagnostic laboratories results in a greater service to the people of Montana
in this most important area of endeavor.

Diagnostic Laboratory Division Report PAGE in

DISTRIBUTION OF LABORATORY TESTS
BY

TYPE OF TEST

TYPE OF TEST NUMBER

Autopsies , 917

Bacteriology and Chemical Tests on Buttermilk, Cottage Cheese
Cream and Milk (including Wisconsin Mastitis Tests):

In Compliance 16,526

Not in Compliance 1,234

Total , 17, 010

Bacteriology, Pathology, Parasitology and Virology:

Positive 2,561

Negative . 1, 754

Total 4, 315

Chemical:

Blood 552

Drug Detection on Race Horses 492

Meat , 243

Pesticide Residue 355

Toxicology 389

Water:

Mineral content for livestock consumption...... 87

Nitrate content 40

Total 127

Miscellaneous 8

Total 2,171

Serology (field tests excluded) 72,390

SUB-TOTAL 97, 603

PLUS:

Serology Field Tests 22,495

Tests Performed by Other Laboratories:

Pesticide Residue,..,. ,..,., 135

Serology (Equine Encephalitis).... 20

Total 155

TOTAL ALL TESTS 120, 253

Diagnostic Laboratory Division Report

PAGE 11

DISTRIBUTION OF LABORATORY TESTS

BY

SPECIE, PRODUCT OR MATERIAL

SPECIE, PRODUCT OR MATERIAL NUMBER

Cattle 70, 202

Dairy Products:

Buttermilk 311

Cottage cheese.,.. 69

Cream 6,431

Milk 17,657

Total 24, 468

Chickens 19, 725

Swine 1, 457

Elk 1, 368

Horses 664

Sheep 308

Deer 306

Heat 284

Dogs 260

Meat meal 166

Water 142

Skunks Ill

Cats 97

Bison 85

Birds 77

Mountain sheep 56

Bats 55

Chinchillas 47

Rats 44

Rabbit s 31

Raccoons 21

Feed 16

Hamsters 16

Mice 16

Muskrats 16

Turkeys 13

Gophers 12

Eagles. 11

Dog food 9

Bears , 8

Coyotes 8

Squirrels 8

Foxes 7

Mink 7

Fish , . 6

Goats 6

Parakeets 6

Oil 5

Miscellaneous. 109

TOTAL ALL TESTS 120, 253

PERCENT

53.38

20.35

16.40

1.21

1.14

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DISEASE C 0 N T ?. 0 L D I V I S I 0 I!

SPORT

PAGE 32

coiiizhts on disease control

A complete review of livestock disease problems for the fiscal year requires a
review and study of the clinical disease reports of Montana veterinarians, the
report of the Diagnostic Laboratory, the ante-mortem and post-mortem findings
during meat inspection and the disease problems associated with maintaining a
safe milk supply,... all of which are included in this "Annual Report",

liontana veterinarians reported 71 diseases in 41, S77 domestic animals during the
fiscal year.

_

Disease Control Divis i o n 11 e port PAG2 33

CATTLE DISEAgES

Forty-three cattle diseases were reported in 23,420 cattle on 6,604 ranches. This
is the same number of diseases reported last fiscal year, but there was an in-
crease of 3,446 diseased cattle and a decrease of 152 ranches with animal disease
problems.

Anaplasmosis

A total of 125 cases on 55 ranches was reported. The laboratory tested 1C3 blood
samples from cattle for anaplasmosis, using the complement fixation test; and 67.
showed a positive or suspicious reaction. The CA test was made on 210 bovine
blood samples with 870 giving a positive reaction.

Brucellosis

One cattle herd in Glacier County has remained brucellosis infected since dis-
covered to be infected 12 years ago. Another herd has been infected since 1965.
The past year has seen an increase of the infection within the two herds. The
two herds are a constant threat to neighboring herds and to herds that go to
Glacier County for summer grazing. Because relatively simple disease control
principles of brucellosis control and eradication are continuously ignored, the
two herds are a threat to every clean herd in Montana. It is recommended to the
Montana Livestock Sanitary Board that if a careful and intensive effort is not
mace within fiscal year 1959 to completely eradicate brucellosis from the two
infected herds in Glacier County that, in the best interests of the entire cattle
industry in the state, the Board request a federal quarantine be placed upon all
cattle on the Blackfoot Indian Reservation in Glacier County prohibiting the
movement of all cattle from the Blackfoot Indian Reservation until it can bs
proved that the herds of origin have passed a negative brucellosis herd test
within 60 days of the date of movement of the cattle from the area.

COUNTY DISTRIBUTION OF REMAINING BRUCELLOSIS INFECTED HERDS

AS OF JUNE 30, 1968

COUNTY

NUMBER OF HERDS

1

2

14

Disease Control Divisi

o n

port

PAGE 34

Brucellosis (Continued)

The fiscal year started with 26 brucellosis infected herds. Fourteen additional
infected herds were found during the year. A total of 26 herds eliminated bru-
cellosis, leaving 14 herds under quarantine at the end of the fiscal year.

REDUCTION OF BRUCELLOSIS-INFECTED HERDS

FISCAL YEAR

NUMBER OF

INFECTED HERDS

PERCENT INFECTED
HERDS IN MONTANA

First Area Test in Montana,

July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July
July

1957.
1958.
1959.
1960.
1961.
1962.
1963.
1964.
1965.
1966.
1967.
1968.

2,434 7.967,

666 2.36%

357 1.24%

238 C . 92%

135 0.56%

93 0.347o

49 0.167,

44 , 0. 157»

36 C . 14%

37 0. 14%

30 , 0. 12%

26 , 0.11%

14 C.07%

-'CALVES OFFICIALLY VACCINATED WITH BRUCELLA A30RTUS VACCINE - STRAIN 19

YEAR DOSES

YEAR

DOSES

YEAR DOSES

YEAR DOSES

YEAR DOSES

1959.. 294,265
I960.. 2 15, 043

1961.

1962.

.224,576
.209,472

1963.. 250,899
1964. .297, 002

1965. .267,367
1966. .287, 642

1967. .282, 686
1968. .240,890

"In addition, reports were received that 6,736 doses of Brucella abortuT vaccine
were sold, indicating that many calves were unofficially vaccinated.

120,643 cattle were tested for brucellosis, revealing 376 reactors (0.31%) and
3,853 suspects (3.20%). Of the total tested, 55,571 were tested out-of-state and
39,170 were tested in the state from blood samples collected at packing plants
from backtagged animals.

There were 8,180 brucellosis ring tests made on milk and cream samples. Twenty-
seven (0.37,) were suspicious to the test.

Ten counties were recertified as Modi fied-Certif led Brucellosis Areas during the
fiscal year.

Disease Control Division Report PAG2 35

Listeriosis

Montana veterinarians reported 43 cases in cattle on 5 ranches and 6 cases on 4
ranches in sheep during the fiscal year. The disease usually manifests itself by
the animal showing central nervous system disturbance. This year Listeria mono-
cytogenes was determined to be the cause of abortions in cattle following the
feeding of silage that was contaminated with the organism. This same organism
can affect man; therefore, precautions must be observed in and around contamina-
ted silage, animals and other materials.

Mucosal Disease - Virus Diarrhea

This virus disease complex showed a marked increase in fiscal year 196S. Montana
veterinarians reported 1,026 cases on 91 ranches. This equals the incidence re-
ported in fiscal year 1965.

Rhino tracheitis

This disease was reported in 1,331 cattle on 40 ranches; 50 cases of vulvovag-
initis were reported. Many veterinarians feel that the I.B.R. virus is also re-
sponsible for a conjunctivitis in cattle which is being observed with increased
frequency. It is strongly suspected that many abortions are caused by this vi-
rus. The I.B.R. vaccine is proving to be effective in preventing those losses
attributed to the I.B.R. virus.

Scabies:

Chorioptic scabies was diagnosed in a herd of cattle in western Montana.
The herd contained a show "string" that had been on tour in the central and west-
ern states for several months and the chorioptic mange mite was first demonstra-
ted in one of the show bulls. The disease had spread to quite a number of animals
within the herd.

A new dipping vat was built and the entire herd, along with two neighboring con-
tact herds, was dipped twice under supervision in approved Toxaphene dips,

Sarcoptic scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) was demonstrated in a Hereford bull in
southeastern Montana showing advanced lesions on February 13, 1968. The bull had
been in the herd for about three years and originated from a herd in which no
scabies lesions could be found. A number of lesions were observed in other cattle
in the herd, but approximately 111 skin scrapings proved negative. An intensive
investigation and inspection of 148 herds containing 37,661 cattle failed to re-
veal the source of infestation of the badly infected bull.

It was determined that 20 herds containing 10,178 head of cattle had contact with
the herd containing the infected bull within the past year. The 20 herds and
10,178 cattle were dipped twice under supervision in approved dips. Although we
are certain sarcoptic scabies has been eliminated, follow-up inspections of herds
in the area will be made this winter. This intensive action to take no chances
to let scabies "get away" resulted in only 2 states placing embargos on Montana
cattle. The embargos were lifted upon completion of the dipping. We can again
say that scabies does rot p:rist in Montana.

Disease Control Division Report PAGE 33

Sarcoptic scabies (Continued)

The last rather extensive outbreak of sarcoptic scabies, which was promptly eradi-
cated, was in 1943. In H53 bulls imported into Montana were found infested, but
eradication measures were taken before they could expose any other cattle.

Shipping Fever

Veterinarians reported 7,565 cases of shipping fever on 511 ranches during the
fiscal year. This disease continues to remain the most frequently reported and
widespread disease occurring in Montana. It is sincerely hoped the newly devel-
oped vaccines containing Parainfluenza 3 virus will prove effective in reducing
the incidence of the disease. Every attempt should be made to minimize stress
factors on young cattle which are known to predispose them to this disease.

Tuberculosis

The tuberculin test was applied to 5,834 dairy cattle and 11,451 beef cattle.
Cne cow in one herd gave a positive reaction to the test.

There were 259,206 cattle slaughtered under backtag or brand identification.
Eighteen cattle were reported to have lesions compatible with tuberculosis.

The entire state was again declared a Modified-Accredited-Tuberculosis Area for a
period of one year.

Vibriosis

Both veterinarians in the field and at the laboratory diagnosed an increased
amount of vibriosis. 1,258 cases were reported on 56 ranches. The laboratory
isolated Vibrio fetus from 37 cattle specimens. A ten-year compilation of re-
ports on vibriosis definitely shows vibriosis to be state-wide in distribution.

The second year's use of the commercially available Vibrio fetus bacterin indi-
cates it is being effective in reducing the infertility caused by this infection.
It is hoped that the bacterin will continue to help prevent serious losses from
the disease.

Vibriosis in cattle should be noted because of increased indications of trans -
missability to man.

HORSE DISEASES

There were 12 diseases in 1,379 horses reported on 769 ranches.

Encephalitis

Montana veterinarians reported 57 cases of equine encephalitis on 57 premises.

Disease Control Division Report PAGE 37

SHEEP DISEASES

There were 17 sheep diseases reported on 283 ranches in 9,259 sheep.

Epididymitis

Montana veterinarians reported 161 cases of rani epididymitis on 30 ranches. This
is a considerable decrease from the previous fiscal year. The careful physical
examination of rams, screening out those showing lesions, and the proper use of
the P..E.0. bacterin is proving effective in controlling the disease.

Infectious Foot R.ot

There were 114 cases of foot rot reported in 4 flocks.

Listeriosis - See comments under this disease in cattle, page 35.

Pediculosis

The reports of lice in 7,094 sheep in 149 flocks is a considerable increase from
the 8 flocks with 1,844 sheep reported the previous fiscal year.

Sheep owners could do much to get rid of lice once-and-for-all if they would be
alert to the very small louse (Daraalinia ovis) causing the problem. Identifica-
tion of this louse from sheep over the past several years indicates that this is
the only louse causing lice infestation in Montana. Many sheep owners are, appar-
ently, looking for a large louse, similar to the "blue louse" found on cattle,
and overlook the very small sheep louse.

SWINE DISEASES

Fourteen swine diseases in 946 swine on 111 premises were reported during the
fiscal year.

Brucellosis

No clinical evidence of swine brucellosis was reported in the field. No isola-
tions of Brucella organisms were made by the laboratory from swine specimens.
Serological tests made on 602 swine samples did not disclose reactors.

Ten swine herds were officially validated or revalidated as brucellosis-free dur-
ing the fiscal year.

Hog Cholera

No hog cholera was reported during the fiscal year. Montana remains an officially
recognized hog cholera-free state.

issase Control Division T.eport PAGE 38

POULTRY DISEASES

Four poultry diseases were reported on 11 premises in 166 chickens.

Salmonella

All breeding flocks supplying hatchery eggs were tested for pullorum- typhoid.
There were 19,539 chickens tested and no reactors were found. Under present con-
ditions and if breeding flock owners would assure flock addition from pullorum-
typhoid clean sources, annual flock testing seems no longer necessary.

WILD ANIMAL DISEASES

Fifteen rabid skunks were, detected in southeastern Montana in fiscal year 1966,
which was followed by an intensive skunk reduction program. It is noteworthy
that no rabid skunks have been observed in this area during the succeeding fiscal
years of 1967 and I960.

All rabid skunks and the one rabid badger reported this fiscal year have been lo-
cated in northeastern Montana. It is hoped that the activities of the predator
control agencies will be as successful this year in eliminating this most serious
threat to livestock and human lives in northeastern Montana and in halting the
spread of the disease in wildlife across Montana.

Dog vaccination and stray dog elimination programs in the area have played an im-
portant part in preventing spread of rabies to this specie of animal and to man.

If skunk rabies is permitted to increase, most assuredly rabies in domestic ani-
mals, especially cattle, will increase calling for increased post-exposure rabies
treatment. With increased incidence of rabies in animals there is the increased
possibility of human death from the disease. Therefore, any effort to reduce the
incidence of rabies in any animal specie is most worthwhile.

The continual isolation of the rabies virus from insectivorous bats from all over
Montana poses a most interesting situation. Why hasn't rabies from bats been
transmitted to such other animals as cats and dogs in Montana? Insectivorous
rabid bat bites have been known to produce fatal rabies in man. It is essential,
to offer proper livestock and public health protection, to know more about the
ecology of insectivorous bats and the life cycle of the rabies virus within that
group of flying mammals.

The laboratory conducted rabies tests on 315 animals of 24 different species dur-
ing the fiscal year. Following is a chronological listing of the rabid positive
animals found during the fiscal year:

se Control Civision Report PAGE 39

Rabies (Continued)

POSITIVE RABIES

DATE TCHI! COUNTY SPZCIE

6-25-67 Medicine Lake Sheridan Skunk

7-31-67 Forsyth Rosebud Bat

3-5-67 Glendive... Dawson 3at

0-5-67 Dagnar ................... . Sheridan. ............. . Skunk

3-15-67 Billings Yellowstone Bat

0-17-67 Hardin.. Big Horn Bat

1-23-63 Scobey Daniels Badger

5-S-6S Westby Sheridan Skunk

5-17-63 Froid Roosevelt Skunk

5-5-63.... Oswego..... Valley Skunk

5-11-63 Oswego Valley Skunk

Disease

ontrol Division Report

PAGE 40

OFFICIAL ANIMAL INSPECTIONS REPORT

SPECIE NUMBER INSPECTED"

Cattle

Inspected for interstate shipment 784,949

Inspected at auction markets 961, 704

Inspected for scabies 77, 133

Backtagged 15 1, 983

Bled for brucellosis 20, 122

Tested for tuberculosis:

Beef 11,451

Dairy 5, 834

Misce llaneous inspections 4, 850

Total Cattle 2, 018, 026

Horses

Inspected for interstate shipment 2,509

Inspected at auction markets 13, 048

Miscellaneous inspections 1> 168

Total Horses 16, 725

Sheep

Inspected for interstate shipment.. 474,331

Inspected at auction markets 193, 698

Miscellaneous inspections • 51, 754

Total Sheep 719, 783

Sw ine

Inspected for interstate shipment 392

Inspected at auction markets 154,851

Miscellaneous inspections 4, 059

Total Swine « 159, 302

Poultry

Inspected for interstate shipment 382

Miscellaneous inspections 47, 775

Total Poultry 48, 157

Dogs and Miscellaneous Animals

Inspected for interstate shipment 3,205

Miscellaneous inspections 352

Total Dogs and Miscellaneous Animals 3,557

TOTAL OFFICIAL ANIMAL INSPECTIONS ■ 2,965,550

Disease Control Division Report

PAGE 41

IMPORTS INTO MONTANA

STATE OF

ORIGIN CATTLE

HORSES

SHEEP

SWINE

POULTRY

DOGS & MISC.
ANIMALS

TOTAL

2

2

75

75

64

100

33

1,492

8

16

24

63

151

224

96

22

48

4,371

1

14

187

204

8,074

2,727

42

22,018

10

97

3

6

11

1

23,202

36

23,715

7

45

68

1

1

3

2

2

10

8

6

14

16

440

1,920

61

3,326

1

3

5

4

42

66

83

19

3,856

25

4,200

3

8

11

18

32

2

27^

2

13

North Carolina. .

2

2

North Dakota.... 16,291

155

10,461

236

29

27,172

9

9

23

8

703

52

4,349

93

5,326

Pennsylvania. . . .

2

2

South Dakota.... 6,674

98

21,269

24,321

23

52,385

3

3

86

3,329

25

23,073

43

35

35

942

1

1

178

8,728

46

36,039

192

48,324

4

25

895

Wyoming 16,035

204

10,042

122 1 48

26,501

FOREIGN
COUNTRIES

Canada

9,422

839

2.018

10

250

229

12,768

Mexico

239

239

TOTAL IMPORTS...

_9X 771

2,279

68,886

56.444

36,339

1,350

259,069

Disease Control Division Report PAGE 42

OUT-OF-STATE BREEDERS HOLDING PERMITS TO IMPORT SEMEN FOR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

Upon receipt and review of official health certificates on each individual sire,
certifying to required tests and clinical inspections proving freedom from in-
fectious or communicable diseases, an annual permit is issued to ship bovine
semen into Montana to be used for artificial insemination. Annual permits were
granted to the following during the fiscal year:

PERMITS TO IMPORT SEMEN FOR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
COMPANY NUMBER OF SIRES

All West Breeders

Burlington, Washington 67

American Breeders Service, Inc.

DeForest, Wisconsin 213

Cache Valley Breeding Association

Logan Utah , 74

Carnation Farms Breeding Service

Watertown, Wisconsin 68

Curtiss Breeding Service, Inc.

Cary, Illinois 161

International Beef Breeders

Denver, Colorado 23

TOTAL PERMITS ISSUED 606

OUT-OF-STATE HATCHERYMEN HOLDING PERMITS TO IMPORT BABY CHICKS AND HATCHING EGGS

Upon certified proof of freedom from pullorum and other infectious diseases, an-
nual permits were issued to 66 hatcheries, located in fifteen states and Canada,
to ship baby chicks and hatching eggs into Montana during the fiscal year.

Disease Control Division

R e p o

PAGE 43

OFFICIAL INSPECTIONS MADE AT MONTANA LIVESTOCK AUCTION MARKETS

MARKET LOCATION

CATTLE

HORSES

SHEEP

SWINE

TOTAL

Billings Commission.... 173,634

Billings Public 33,504

Bozeman 35,572

Butte 68,130

Dillon 17,999

Glasgow 52,132

Glendive 45,786

Great Falls 69,251

Hamilton 8,955

Havre 50,439

Kalispell 23,108

Lewistown 69,598

Miles City 42,386

Missoula 74,932

Shelby 24,486

Sidney 121,242

TOTAL INSPECTIONS 961,704

1,703

2,416

202

498

628

770

164

612

211

378

357

893

891

2,606

46

673

53,138

53,341

17,715

248

11,329

5,002

1,592

242

610

1,248

250

9,825

402

6,260

10

27,436

-0-

75,476

10,463

5,579

6,878

23,403

6,762

17

2r321

-0-

12,237

4,559

504

6.651

-0-

13,048

193,698

154,851

228,475

219,737

63,952

74,505

36,834

31,307

54,304

70,122

12,097

52,065

35,952

84,875

44,683

90,449

24,543

149,401

1,323,301

GARBAGE FEEDING ESTABLISHMENTS

In accordance with Section 46-2602 (RCM 1947), eleven garbage feeding
ments were issued licenses during the fiscal year.

establish-

A total of 148 garbage feeding establishment inspections were made during the
fiscal year with the cooperation of the U. S. Department of Agriculture.

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D A i R Y & MILK IM S P ECT ION D I V I S I 0 I! R EPO R T PAGE ^9

CCMMEMTS ON DAIRY &M1LK INSPECTION

Pesticides and "Adul terated" Mi Ik

During the last half of this fiscal year, regulatory action was taken to restrain
31 licensed Grade A producer dairies from selling milk for human consumption.
Laboratory tests on milk samples taken from their dairy cows revealed heptachlor
epoxide and/or chlordane in excess of ,3 parts per million, the "action level" at
which the U. S. Food & Drug Administration will seize such milk going into inter-
state commerce. A finished milk product going into interstate commerce is also
subject to seizure by the U. S. Food & Drug Administration if milk from one indi-
vidual dairy containing heptachlor epoxide and/or chlordane in excess of .3 parts
per million has been comingled with that finished product. The restraining orders
remained in effect until subsequent laboratory tests confirmed that the level of
pesticide had receded to below .3 parts per million.

Restraining orders were also issued on al 1 cattle on the premises from which the
sale of milk was prohibited because of high pesticide content.

Chlordane and its degradation product heptachlor epoxide are chlorinated hydro-
carbon pesticides which were used to combat alfalfa weevil. The pesticides have
a long residual in animals, forage and soil. The pesticides accumulate in the
body fat of cows and are secreted in the milk of the dairy cows. The U. S. Public
Health Service states: "The accumulation of these toxic agents in persons con-
tinually consuming contaminated milk may reach hazardous concentrations."

Pesticides in milk is - by IL S. Public Health Service, U. S. Food & Drug Admini-
stration and Montana Livestock Sanitary Board R;gulations - an "adulterant".
Adulterated milk is not permitted to be sold for human consumption,

Milk samples f rom ajj_ (332) Grade A Dairies and al 1 (10) Retail Raw Dairies li-
censed by the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board are routinely laboratory tested
for the presence of pesticides.

There is documented evidence that accidental contact, inhalation, over-consumption
and over-application of a number of pesticides have been fatal to animals and man .
There is at this time an intense nation-wide concern over the cummulative effects
of these newer chemicals on the ecology of all living things that inhabit the
Earth.

As the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board records reveal, the great majority of
the Montana dairy producers have voluntarily and conscientiously avoided regula-
tory action by offering a product for sale which does not contain toxic substances.

Fortunately, far-sighted members of the Montana and national dairy industries
have insisted and participated in the formulation of regulations to prevent in-
dividual members from jeopardizing the total industry.... not only concerning
pesticides. . . .

In the early 20's a high infant mortality rate from "summer complaint", caused
by milk from an unclean dairy, or cases of typhoid fever contracted through milk
from a dairy with a contaminated well, was not uncommon. Nor was it uncommon for
innumerable people to contract tuberculosis from milk obtained from tubercular

Dairy & Hi 1 k Inspection Division Report PAGE 50

Pesticides and "Adulterated" Milk (Continued)

cows. In the early 30' s three to four cases of human brucellosis a month were
contracted by drinking milk in a community in which 797=, of the dairy herds were
infected with brucellosis. These hazards to human health were eliminated and the
dairy industry benefited by maintaining consumer confidence. This past fiscal
year there were 31,49 6 official field inspections and laboratory tests made on
Montana milk, milk products, dairy and milk plant facilities and dairy animals.
(See page 51 of this "Annual report".) It has been many years since a single,
nilic-borne disease outbreak could be traced to any dairy or milk plant licensed
by the Montana Livestock Sanitary Board.

Mastitis

This past fiscal year the Wisconsin Mastitis Test has been routinely used on all
milk samples to aid in the detection of mastitis. Laboratory tests indicate that
most of the mastitis detected is caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Milk from in-
dividual cows found to have mastitis is not permitted to be sold for human con-
sumption. Fortunately, the incidence of dairy herds having mastitis, as deter-
mined by the WKT screen test, is low in Montana. Only 3% to 47» of Montana dairies
have required regulatory action to prevent the sale of mastitic or abnormal milk.
There has been great success in this essential program to safeguard human health.

Sanitary Standards Violated - Licenses Revoked

According to U. S. Public Health Sanitation Standards, adopted by the dairy in-
dustry, a dairy or milk plant that maintains a sanitation rating of 90% or higher
can be assured that they offer the consuming public a safe product and milk supply.

Attention is called to the June 30, 1963 sanitation ratings of all Montana milk
plants licensed by the Board during the fiscal year, (See page 52 of this "An-
nual Report".) Overall, the sanitation ratings show clearly that Montana has an
excellent, safe milk supply; however, one licensed producer dairy (also licensed
as a milk plant) had both licenses revoked for repeated, gross violations of sani-
tary standards. Local health authorities obtained an injunction to prohibit the
sale of milk. At the end of the fiscal year the producer dairy (and milk plant)
was under the jurisdiction of the 18th Judicial District Court.

One other licensed producer dairy (also licensed as a milk plant) had both li-
censes revoked because of continued violations of sanitary standards.

Dairy & Milk Inspection D i v i s i o n Rep o r t PAGE 51

SUMMARY OF WORK PERFORMED

Montana licensed Milk Plants distributed 207,345,550 pounds of pasteurized milk,
cream and fluid milk products to Montana consumers during the fiscal year. This
is a total of 568,070 pounds a day.

Montana licensed Retail Raw Dairies distributed 1,449,050 pounds of raw milk
during the fiscal year. This is a total of 3,970 pounds a day.

Raw milk accounts for .7% of the total milk supply offered to Montana consumers;
and 99,3% of the milk, cream and fluid milk products distributed in Montana has
the added public health protection of pasteurization.

Following is a summary of sanitary inspections and laboratory tests made during
the fiscal year to assure Montana consumers that their milk came from healthy
cows and is produced, handled and processed under strictly sanitary conditions.

OFFICIAL INSPECTIONS AND LABORATORY TESTS

OF
MILK, MILK PRODUCTS, DAIRIES AND MILK PLANTS

OFFICIAL INSPECTIONS AND LABORATORY TESTS NUMBER

Antibiotic detection tests 4,061

Bacterial counts , 3, 924

Bacterial identification „ 502

Brucella abortus ring tests ,.«...« 8, 180

Chemical Analyses:

General chemical „ 1, 663

Wisconsin Mastitis Tests , 1.595

Total Chemical Analyses „ 3,258

Coliform tests < 4,057

Dairy inspections 1, 131

Milk plant inspections 106

Milk plant equipment tests , 88

Pesticide residue analyses 355

Tuberculosis tests , 5,834

TOTAL OFFICIAL INSPECTIONS AND LABORATORY TESTS , , 31,496

Dairy & Milk Inspection Division Report PAGE 52

MILK PLANT SANITATION COMPLIANCE EATINGS

WITH

MONTANA LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD REGULATIONS

MILK PLANT
NUMBER

POUNDS SOLD
DAILY

PLANT
SCORE

PRODUCER'S
SCORE

PASTEURIZED
MILK RATING

25-1.
25-2.
25-7.
25-8.

28,

56,

11,

1,

25-10 77,

25-11 1,

25-15

25-16 32,

25-18 40,

25-19 16,

25-20 20,

25-21 58,

25-25 16,

25-28 5,

25-30 15,

25-31 20,

25-32 48,

25-33 1,

25-38 34,

25-39 13,

25-40 10,

25-43

25-45 1,

25-46

25-47 57,

25-49 2,

000.
000.
500.
900.
000.
500.
800.
000.
000.
000.
000.
000,
000.
000.
000.
000.
000.
900.
000.
000.
000.
800.
900.
170.
000.
600.

947. .

947o.

90%.

767, .

1007..

88% .
90%.
93%.
94% .
95%,
91%,
91%.
94% .
90%,
88%.
93% .
94%.
93% ,
94% ,
97%.
92% .
90%,
85%.
100% .
90%,
97%.

91% 93%

92% 93%

93% 92%

67% *72%

86% 937.

82% 86%

91% 917.

927. 937.

92% 937.

887. 92%

92% 92%

90% 91%

89% 92%

947. 927.

947. 91%

90% 927.

91% 93%

88% 917.

93% 94%

917. 947.

88% 90%

95% 93%

81% 83%

92% 96%

93% 92%

927. 95%

90% 91%

TOTAL 568,070,

92%

*Under jurisdiction of the 18th Judicial District Court.

Dairy & Milk Inspection Division Rep o r t PAGE 53

RETAIL RAW DAIRIES SANITATION COMPLIANCE RATINGS

WITH
MONTANA LIVESTOCK SANITARY BOARD REGULATIONS

RETAIL RAW POUNDS SOLD DAIRY

DAIRY NUMBER DAILY SCORE

R-l 400 987.

R-2 960 100%

R-15 600 937,

R-21 240 857.

R-25 240 1007.

R-32 800 827.

R-33 300 937.

R-34 430 977.

TOTAL 3, 970 947.

MEAT INSPECTION DIVISION REPORT PAGE 54

CGiiENTS ON MEAT INSPECTION

The Montana Meat Inspection Act of 1931 granted the Montana Livestock Sanitary
Board authority to establish meat inspection in Montana "when considered necessary
for ths public health or welfare". In 1965 the Legislature appropriated funds to
enable the Board to maintain a system of meat inspection without "users fees".
This fiscal year, Montana meat inspection provided meat inspection for 17% of the
slaughtered animals, federal meat inspection covered 77% and 6% of the animals
were slaughtered "off-farm" and had no meat inspection. The reports in this "An-
nual P.eport", showing the causes of condemnation, express - clearly - the neces-
sity for properly conducted meat inspection to safeguard human health.

The "Wholesome Meat Act of 1957" (Public Law 90-201) was signed into law on Decem-
ber 15, 1967 by the President. Public Law 90-201 makes it mandatory that all
cattle, sheep, swine, goats and animals of the equine specie be slaughtered and
prepared under federal meat inspection - or under a system of state meat inspec-
tion "at least equal to that of the U. S. Department of Agriculture meat inspec-
tion". Under Public Law 90-201, the states are given two, possibly three, years
to accomplish state-wide, mandatory meat inspection or the U. S. Department of
Agriculture, Consumer & Marketing Service, Meat Inspection Division, will provide
and enforce mandatory meat inspection within the states.

The Board, in preparing to meet the requirements of Public Law 90-201 adopted
"Crder No. 216: An Order Requiring Mandatory Meat Inspection in the State of
Montana" on May 20, 1968 to become effective July 1, 1969, The Montana Meat In-
spection Act of 1931, Order No. 216, Montana Livestock Sanitary Board Official
Regulations contained in Chapter 23 entitled "Meat Inspection" and related Mon-
tana laws have been sent to the Office of General Counsel of the U. S. Department
of Agriculture, Consumer 6: Marketing Service, for their evaluation and approval,
as required by Public Law 90-201. Requirements for meat inspection laboratory
facilities and training periods for meat inspection personnel have been reviewed
with representatives of the federal meat inspection service to prepare for com-
pliance with Public Law 90-201.

A joint survey has been conducted by state and federal meat inspection personnel
to determine if Montana meat inspection complies with the standards of the U. S.
Department of Agriculture and Public Law 90-201. The survey also determined the
geographical locations, frequency and number of animals slaughtered in each of
the "off-farm" operations now slaughtering animals without meat inspection (6%) .

The joint survey also provided an opportunity for inspectors to inform . each
slaughtering and processing establishment what sanitation and facilities require-
ments would have to be met to qualify their establishments for federal meat in-
spection (or state meat inspection equal to federal meat inspection) as required
by Public Law 90-201.

jive (three this fiscal year)of the larger slaughtering and meat processing estab-
lishments operating under federal meat inspection and one operating under state
meat inspection have discontinued business and these modern plants are sitting
idle. Two of the larger plants which were operating under state meat inspection
applied for and obtained federal meat inspection. With the larger plants obtain-
ing federal meat inspection, leaving the Board the responsibility of providing

Heat Inspection Division

H e "3 o r t

PAGE 55

Comments on Meat Inspection (Continued)

meat inspection services for only the smaller plants, the animal unit cost for
meat inspection will be high. The joint survey conducted on the 6% of off-farm
animals slaughtered without meat inspection showed that the largest number of
animals handled is 25 to 30 animals per week (not 25 to 30 animals per hour) to
as low as 4 to 5 animals per month. This will require a maximum of proper organi-
zation and administration to supply meat inspection at a reasonable cost at such
small volume operations which will not be exempt from meat inspection under the
requirements of Public Law SO-201.

I-I e a t

Inspection Division

o r t

PAGE 56

SJMjARY OF WORK PERFORMED

The Montana Livestock Sanitary Board maintained neat inspection in 20 slaughter-
houses and 8 meat packing houses. The U. S. Department of Agriculture maintained
meat inspection in 5 slaughterhouses. Forty-eight slaughtering establishments
operated without meat inspection.

There were 538,558 animals slaughtered in licensed establishments this fiscal
year. Cf the total, 77% was slaughtered under federal meat inspection, 177o was
slaughtered under state meat inspection and 3% was slaughtered in establishments
without meat inspection.

An estimated 3,728,483 pounds of meat were found totally unfit for human con-
sumption and removed from food channels in the State of Montana during the fiscal
year .

Thirty-seven diseases and miscellaneous other conditions were found in animals
slaughtered under state meat inspection, which caused the entire animal or part
of animal to be unfit for human consumption and 'resulted in condemnation.

OFFICIAL ESTABLISHMENT INSPECTIONS

TYPE OF ESTABLISHMENT

NUMBER OF INSPECTIONS

Heat Depots. 3

Meat Packing Houses... 63

Poultry Slaughterhouses. 4

P-endaring Plant s 40

Slaughterhouses 121

Slaughterhouses - Rabbit 4

Locker Plants (Federal-State Survey) 49

Retail Markets (Federal-State Survey) 70

TOTAL OFFICIAL ESTABLISHMENT INSPECTIONS 356

LABELS AND SKETCHES

ITEII

NUMBER

Labels temporarily approved 2

Labels approved. 52

Sketches approved 3_1

TOTAL 85

Inspection Division report PAGE 57

ESTABLISHMENTS UNDER STATE MEAT INSPECTION

ESTABLISHMENT NAME LOCATION ESTABLISHMENT NO^

Slaughterhouses

*Barsotti Bros. Meat Packing Plant, Inc. Great Falls 8

*Biastoch Meats, Inc......... Butte........ ,. 13

*Havre Abattoir..., Havre.. , 12

*Kalispell Meat Company Kalispell.. . . 9

Mickey's Packing Plant...., Great Falls,. , 13

Miles City Packing Company Miles City..... 26

#*Montana Meat Company of Helena Helena 5

Montana State Prison Deer Lodge... , 4

Montana State University Bozeman... 23

*Rahr Meat Service... Glendive... 6

*Rick's Packing Plant , ... Livingston..... 10

Roberts Packing Plant Dillon..... 16

-•Rocky Mountain Packing Company, Inc.... Havre...... , 21

Schramm Packing Company...... Missoula 3

*Timberland Packing Company Lewistown. , 22

Triangle Packing Company Choteau.. 27

Vandevanter Meats Columbia Falls 7

Vollmer & Sons, Inc Bozeman , , 14

Meat Packing Houses

Ben's H & H Market. Missoula 29

Central Pleat Market. Lewistown. „ 32

Great Falls Meat Company...... Great Falls , 36

Hickory Kitchen.. Great Falls..,, 31

Montana Sausage Company.,......,,,,.... Great Falls 30

iUP Meat Company, Inc .».<, Great Falls 34

Snowy Mountain Meat Company. Lewistown , . 33

Triplett Meats Kalispell. ♦ , , 35

"Also does meat processing.

#Plant suspended operation.

ESTABLISHMENTS UNDER FEDERAL MEAT INSPECTION

ESTABLISHMENT NAME LOCATION ~E~STABLISHIiSNT NO."

Slaughterhouses

#Austin's Packing Company........ Glasgow 317

,vDaily, John R., Inc Missoula <, . 2450

Great Falls Meat Company Great Falls 301

Midland Empire Packing Company, Inc.... Billings 339

#Needham Packing Corp. of Montana Great Falls 857-G

••'•"New Butte Butchering Company, Inc Butte 2439

Pierce Packing Company, . .„_._ _. . , , Billings _6_9_1

*Went under federal inspection in June, 1968.
•'•"Went under federal inspection in March, 1958.
#Plant suspended operation.

i e a t Inspection Division ?.eport PAGE 58

ANIMALS SLAUGHTERED UNDER STATE AND FEDERAL MEAT INSPECTION

AND
ANIMALS SLAUGHTERED WITHOUT MEAT INSPECTION

SPECIE STATE FEDERAL W ITHOUT

Cattle 38,686 164,949 13,920

Calves l,H5 45 240

Sheep 2,835 71 1,491

Swine 52,070 278,787 17,599

TOTAL 94,706.., 443,851 33,250

WHOLE CARCASSES FOUND UNFIT FOR 1IUIAN CONSUMPTION
UNDER STATE AND FEDERAL MEAT INSPECTION

SPECIE STATE FEDERAL

Cattle,
Calves,
Sheep. ,
Swine . ,

TOTAL ,

95

581

8........

-0-

6

-0-

PARTS OF CARCASSES FOUND UNFIT FOR HUiAN CONSUMPTION
UNDER STATE AND FEDERAL MEAT INSPECTION

SPECIE STATE FEDERAL

Cattle 1, 450 14, 35 9

Calves 12 17

Sheep 856 72

Swine 5,836 34,342

TOTAL. .... 8 . 164 49,790

BEEF AND SWINE LIVERS FOUND UNFIT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
UNDER STATE AND FEDERAL MEAT INSPECTION

SPECIE STATE FEDERAL

Beef 12,776 53,205

Swine 25,153 51,628

TOTAL.. 37,929 104.334

Meat Inspectio n D i v ision R s p o r t PAGE 59

POUNDS OF HEAT AilD/OR MEAT BY-PRODUCTS PROCESSED
UNDER STATE MEAT INSPECTION

TYPE OF PROCESSING POUNDS

Conpound Containing Animal Fat 54, 300

Cooked Meat:

Beef 991

Pork 25, 919

Other 830

Edible Tallow 2 1, 145

Hamburger 1, 093, 819

Lard Rendered , 731, 308

Loaf: Head Cheese, Chili, Jellied Product 699,671

Miscellaneous Heat Product. „,. 79, 365

Oleo Stock 800

Placed in Cure:

Beef , 92,199

Pork 2, 463, 899

Other „ . , 2 1, 535

Sausage Fresh Finished , 670, 239

Sausage Smoked or Cooked:

Franks, Wieners 1, 113, 773

Other 606, 689

Sliced Product:

Bacon 335, 759

Other 35, 435

Smoked and/or Dried:

Beef 24,675

Pork 2,515,529

Steaks, Chops, Roasts 2,560,085

TOTAL POUNDS PROCESSED 13,153,521

MEAT AND MEAT BY-PRODUCTS RE INSPECTED AND REJECTED
UNDER STATE MEAT INSPECTION

ITEM POUNDS

Reinspected Meat and/or Meat By-Product 4,010,907

Rejected Meat and/or Meat By-Product 10,083

TOTAL POUNDS REINSPECTED AND REJECTED 4, 020, 990

at Inspection Division Report

PAG2 60

DIAGNOSES OF WHOLE CARCASSES CONDEMNED AT SLAUGHTER
UNDER STATE MEAT INSPECTION

DIAGNOSIS

CATTLE

CALVES

Abscesses-Pyemia 6 0.

Anasarca... 8 0,

Arthritis-Meningitis 1 0.

:| -Polyarthritis 0 0.

Ascites..... 0 3.

Bruises, Injuries, etc... 6 1.

Cachexia , , S. ........ 4.

Caseous Lymphadenitis 0. 0.

Edema 4.... 0.

Enteritis-Gastritis-Peritonitis.. 6 0.

Epithelioma 4..., 0.

Erysipelas,.,. , , 0......... 0.

Icterus 1, ........ 0.

Lymphoma 1 0.

Metritis 2 0.

Pericarditis 4 0.

Plauritis 0 0.

Pneumonia 12 0.

Pyelonephritis 3.... 0.

Sarcosporidiosis 2 0,

Septicemia-Toxemia 19 0,

Sex Odor 0 0 .

Systemic Infection..... ,..,,... 1 0.

Uremia , 2 0.

Urine Odor 0 0 .

Urolithiasis 2 0.

Miscellaneous diseases of liver 2. ....... . 0.

TOTAL WHOLE CARCASSES CONDEMNED 95 8 .

SHEEP

SWINE

0 8

0 0

0 0

0 4

0 1

0 5

0 3

5 0

0 0

0 1

0 0

0 1

0 9

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 1

0 6

0 0

0 0

1 11

0.. 3

0 0

0 0

0 1

0 0

0 6

6 60

DIAGNOSES OF BEEF LIVERS CONDEMNED AT SLAUGHTER
UNDER STATE MEAT INSPECTION

DIAGNOSIS

NUMBER

Abscesses c 7 ' , 142

Carotinosis 12

Cirrhosis. 131

Contamination 98

Distomiasis 3, 204

Echinococcosis. 17

Sawdust 529

Telangiectasis 473

Miscellaneous diseases 1, 170

TOTAL BEEF LIVERS CONDEMNED 12,776

K e

Inspection

D i v i s i o n

e p o r t

PAGE 61

DIAGNOSES OF PARTS OF CARCASSES COUDEMNED AT SLAUGHTER
TOPER STATE MEAT INSPECTION

DIAGNOSIS

CATTLE

abscesses , 611,

Actinomycosis-Actinobacillosis 103,

Adhesions 20,

Anasarca* •■ 0,

Arthritis-Polyarthritis 16,

Atrophic Rhinitis 0,

Bruises, Injuries, etc, 181,

Caseous Lymphadenitis..... 12,

Contamination 354.

Cysticercus ovis. 0.

" tenuicollis. 0.

Epithelioma 74.

Frostbite. . . 1.

Hydronephrosis 0.

Icterus 0.

Inflammatory Tissue 3.

Lump Jaw 2.

iianga 0.

Pericarditis , 24.

Pneumonia 1.

Scirrhous Cord 0.

Septicemia-Toxemia C.

Taeniasis 0,

Thy sano soma actinioides 0.

Tuberculosis 5.

Miscellaneous diseases of:

Heart 2 .

Liver _ 31.

TOTAL PARTS OF CARCASSES COrjDBijNED 1,440.

CALVES

SHEEP

SI J INS

5 3 2,275

0 0 0

0 0 14

1 1 0

1 1 73

0 0 1

2 1 144

0 13 1

1..... 0 1,170

0 15 0

0 0 24

0 4 25

0 0 0

0 0 7

0 0 23

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 4

0 6 270

0..,.. 0 3

0 0 1

0 0 156

0 62 0

0 6 0

0 0 1,652

0 1 0

2 738 25,153

12 856 30,996

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