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University of the State of New York

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

FIFTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

REGENTS

1898
VOTE

}

REPORTS OF THE DIRECTOR, STATE BOTANIST AND
STATE ENTOMOLOGIST AND APPENDIX

TRANSMITTED TO THE LEGISLATURE 4 JANUARY 1899

ALBANY ae
UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

Igoo

University of the State of New York
REGENTS
With years of election

1874 Anson Jupp Urson L.H.D. D.D. LL.D.
Chancellor, Glens Falls
1892 Witi1am CrosweEtt Doane D.D. LL.D.
Vice-Chancellor, Albany

1873 Martin I. Townsenp M.A. LL.D. - = Troy
1877 Coauncry M. Derew LL.D. — = = — New York
1877 Caartes Kiros LLB: MAS Tea Rochester
1877 Orris H. Warren D.D. ae a = Syracuse
1878 Wauiretaw Rew LL.D. - = = oe New York
1881 Witi1am H. Watson M.A. M.D. = — Utiea
1881 Henry E. Turner - = ‘Lowville
1883 Sr Cram MoKetway L.H. D. ie D. a C.L. — Brooklyn
1885 Hamitron Harris Ph.D. LL:D. = = Albany
1885 Dantet Beach Ph.D. LL.D. - = —') .-— Watkins
1888 Carrott E, Surra LL.D. — _ - _ Syracuse
1890 Putny T. Sexton LL.D. = = - — Palmyra
1890 T. Guitrorp Smita C.E. M.A. LL.D. —- Buffalo
1893 Lewis A. Stimson B.A. M.D. = = — New York
1895 Apert VanperR Veer Ph.D. M.D. -— = Albany

1895 Cartes R. Sxinner M.A. LL.D.
Superintendent of Public Instruction, ex officio
1897 Cuester 8S. Lorp M.A. LL.D. - - ~~ = Brooklyn
1897 Trmotuy L. Wooprurr M.A. Lieutenant-Governor, ex officio
1899 TuEopore Roosrvett B.A. LL.D. Governor, ex officio
1899 Jonn T. McDonoveu LL.B. LL.D.
Secretary of State, ex officio |
1900 Tuomas A. Henprick M.A. LL.D. - - Rochester

SECRETARY
Elected by regents

1900 James RusseLty Parsons ur M.A.
DIRECTORS OF DEPARTMENTS
1888 Mervin Dewey M.A. State library and Home education
1890 James Russkitt Parsons gr M.A.
Administrative, College and High school dep’ts
1890 Freperick J. H. Merritt Ph.D. State musewm
REGENTS STANDING COMMITTEE ON STATE MUSEUM 1898
T. Guitrorp Smita Chairman
LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR Orris H. WARREN
SUPERINTENDENT oF PouBLiIc DanteL Breacu
INSTRUCTION CarrRoLt E. Smita

Popare OF NEW “YORK

No. 60

oN SEN A TE

4 January 1899

52d ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

Pew YORK STATE MUSEUM

_

To the Legislature of the State of New York

I have the honor to submit herewith pursuant to law, as the 52d
annual report of the University on the New York state museum,
the reports of the director of the museum, of the state botanist, of
the state entomologist and of the state geologist and paleontologist,

with appendixes.
Anson Jupp Urson

Chancellor

CON PE eis

VOL. 1 PAGE

Report of. the. director :2.05.i2 -. 3.2. oe be ee ee ee £5
Geolopy and’ paleontology ~.22 52-2. 22s -5-i:+-. seu soe eee rd
Heonomic: peolory i24F ise ste c oe oes sed! oo 7 - 2h eee r7
Miurteralog yc cee lots eget oee ake Ais te ees Siento ok we ee eee So aor ne r8
Endian-musenitic 22 0 Sc, -6 te oa was Ske week oot ook = Sheena er r9
General z00lery!. 2 -2¢tese.0 5. Sa socsh elec 8t 2c code doce ee r12
Hntomolo@y 02 3s25- so-so ede soe ee se - See oo eae r13
Botany: 26 Seo ttle ike te es ac eee eee ek ew wehbe pene te ee r14
Photovraphy 22s. Jen S Soe 2 ee a bot a ek Se ie bie gis sis oe coco. one r15
Physiocraphy 3 2s. so. 2c0 oe ectiote nce een Go. seen eee r16
Publieations issued dariny 1898s_2 sss 22225: et eee r16
Olieesi work . cise 4. | Loh hess cee Bec cee ecke Saanen ook oe ee r16
Attendance: sb the. museum 2 jo4 525s ee ee ee oe eee sinis aid Sones rl7
Accessions to the collections in Geological hall ..-2.. 22-226 222. 22.62 25 ene r18
Historie Seolowy -2a5- see ce Seek ese eee oe eee See eee r18
Paleontology ¢ -\. ecct oa se-Sac i o2 coke Jarek soe ete se ee eee Se r21
Heonomie geology s. on. ost sos a02 heen 02 Bae ek ees See eee r22
Mineralogy... .2).0co ce teoces Ck cens eels enct sone bocce. Henn eae r24
CHES en ceed iso h.cc nes /<sa dae Sous weas Sces cass soee ss eee net ee r24
Rehet snaps S22 ssc Fhe Sahai Sek Scene atete ces Wess: toe eee 125
POMOC hs 25 co 8) nets pw eee eens See aso ee sae et otha Sos eee 126

Report of work on the collections of Mesozoic and Cenozoic fossils in ~

Geological hall-by Rufus M. Bagg Ph. D.... ¢. .-26 sen 252 cos pee r32
A fossil: plant from Orange co.. by Ji-N."Névius 2-22.55: .- . 5. 2 eee r79

The Sacandaga mining and willing co.-and the ‘‘Sutphen process” by J. N.
Nevius eeewnmoeosenrenecaeenitiseeneceeenweceeereeesrreec eeeeee ee er7enee22722 28282828 ®@® ® es weeaeeceeece rs2

Notes on a trip from Port Jervis to Rondout by Heinrich Ries Ph.D.....-... r88
Report on the fishes of Long Island collected in the summer of 1898 by
‘Parléton. B.. Bean Ph: D: 2222022 St ec ee So 2 eee r92
Report. of state botanist (see Bulletin 25) .--...2..5-)-.-. 22u-cee eee 615
Report of state entomologist (see Bulletin 23) --. 22. 2.2. ..s205 so S=-e eee = Sine ae
Appendix: Museum bulletins 20-25
20 Eim-leaf beetlein New York. i. 0.222.495 Sodtcut sete ee 1
21 Geology of the Lake Placid: revion-..2.. 42). dete cae eee eine ae 47
22 Earthenware of the New York aborigines. .........--..--+-- +--+ ------ 71
23 14th report of the state entomologist, 1898 . 2... .s-2.. <---- -------. --.0 ae
24 Memorial of the life and entomvulogic work of J. A. Lintner ........... 297
25 Report of ‘the state botanist 18982... ce eee ee eee a= - = 2cee wean aee 615
Wn eX 2. iecck vee ach cesien col oe See he ee eee ae ain ps aoe eee 691
VOL. 2

Me oz
: “oe fe

of

UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM.
F.J-H.Mewill, Director.

MAP OF MANHATTAN ISLAND
Showing the original Topography and Hydrography with Culture asit Existed in 1776.

Compiled from various sources by
C.C Vermeule,C.E -
1898.
Scale, 5703 ft=/ in.
Tide Marshes. Filled before 1776. Streels&c/776 Roads openin 1807, Modern Streets &c,
ea wen

Modeled by Edwin E. Howell.

gefiioe
nd ae
ba = %

New York State Museum

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR

for the fiscal year ending 30 Sep. 1898

The honorable, the regents of the eee of the State of
New York

| Genriemen : In consequence of the recent increase of the museum
appropriation, the director of the museum is enabled to report a .
larger variety of new work accomplished during the last fiscal year.

A synopsis of the work of the several divisions is given herewith,
followed by detailed reports. *

Geology and paleontology

The work of the season of 1898 in pure geology and paleontology
was carried on under the direction of Prof. James Hall, state geol-
ogist and paleontologist, till his death in August of that year.
A memorial of Prof. Hall’s scientific career is included in the report
of the state geologist, which forms the second volume of this
report. For the remainder of the year this work was continued
under the supervision of Dr John M. Clarke, assistant state geolo-
gist and paleontologist.

Not all the operations of that season are here covered by detailed
reports, as they were in part a continuation of investigations touch-
ing problems which will be considered in future publications. Thus
Dr Clarke, accompanied by D. D. Luther, spent some time in the
study of the Portage formation and fauna in Chautauqua and Erie
counties, and the latter carried forward a revision of the areal
geology of Ontario county. Professors J. F. Kemp, H. P. Cushing
and OC. H. Smyth jr, continued their work in the erystallines of the

r6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Adirondack region, with the purpose of summarizing the results of
their study of this region during several preceding seasons. Prof.
Kemp’s report is concerned specially with the gevlogy of Essex
county, and that of Prof. Cushing with the geology of Franklin
county. Prof. Smyth has rendered a brief report of the progress in
the mapping of the erystallines in parts of Hainilton, Herkimer and
St Lawrence counties.

Dr H. B. Kimmel was engaged for most of the season in a study
of the Newark or new red sandstone rocks of Rockland county, and
he presents a full and important report en this subject.

Museum bulletin 21, Geology of the Lake Placid region, has
been prepared by Prof. J. F. Kemp, at the request of Sec. Melvil
Dewey for the use of the teachers who frequent that summer resort.

Considerable time was given to the revision of the geologic map
of the state, involving the correlation of the formation boundaries
according to newly acquired data.

In the office, paleontologic investigations were carried forward,
pertaining to the study of the fauna of the western Portage or
Naples beds. A first instalment of this work, relating to the
cephalopods of this fauna, was published in the report for the
year 1897, and another on the lamellibranchs is nearly completed.
The study of the Oriskany fauna of Columbia county and of the
genera of the Paleozoic corals was also advanced.

Dr R. M. Bagg jr was employed in Geological hall, under the
supervision of the director, as temporary assistant in paleontology
for five months, from Nov. 1, 1897, to Mar. 31, 1898, in the revision
and labeling of a collection of Mesozoic and Cenozoic fossils of the
United States, and the collection of British fossils donated to the
state museum by Sir Roderick Murchison in 1857. He also re-
identified and relabeled a collection of Cenozoic fossils from France.
His report on this work is given herewith.

A large fragment of a fossil tree trunk, 12 feet long, from
Monroe, Orange co., was collected by J. N. Nevius, who devoted
several weeks of the summer to the labor of putting together the
hundreds of fragments of this fossil plant and preparing it for
exhibition in Geological hall.

Considerable work has been done toward the completion of the
introductory and synoptic collections of rocks on exhibition in

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 Hy A

Geological hall. Specimens have been collected from various parts
of the state to strengthen the weak points in the synoptic collec-
_tion. A list of these will be found in the appendix. A few speci-
mens from the Carboniferous system of Pennsylvania have been
added and, under the title card of each formation or group through-
out the collection, a small map of the state, which is colored to
show the location of the outerops of that group, has been placed.
With a few additions, the synoptic collection will be the most com-
plete exhibition in existence of the rock formations of New York
state; and, as New York is the classic field of American Paleozoic
geology, it is most appropriate that the state museum should possess
the best collection it is possible to obtain.

Economic geology

The work in this branch was chiefly conducted, this year as here-
tofore, by the director of the museum, but, for lack of available
funds the field work in this branch, was limited.

Many reports having appeared in the newspapers and many others
having been verbally circulated, describing the discovery of gold in ~
paying quantities in the sands of Saratoga, Warren, Herkimer and
other counties, it seemed important to visit the plant of the one
company which had erected a mill and announced that it was
operating on a profitable basis. * Accordingly a visit was made to
Hadley, Saratoga co., by Mr J. N. Nevius and by the courteous per-
mission of the superintendent the operations of the Sacandaga min-
ing and milling co. were studied. The result of the investigation
may be found in the appendix following this report.

In connection with this newly aroused interest in gold deposits,
considerable time has been spent in the laboratory determining
mineral specimens for citizens of the state. Many hundreds of -
- samples of all sorts of material have been submitted as gold ore, but
none of them has shown an appreciable amount of that metal. Ap-
parently the public fails to appreciate that gold is a widely distri-
buted metal, rarely occurring in quantities sufficient to pay for
working it. Almost any rock on assay will yield a trace of gold.
In Central park, New York city, a number of specimens have been
collected which yielded a result equivalent to $4 of gold in a ton
of rock.

/

r8 NEW YORK STATD MUSEUM

Toward the close of the year, Mr J. N. Nevius was sent to visit the
rooting slate quarries of Washington county, for the purpose of
obtaining full information concerning their geology and commercial
features. A large series of specimens was collected, and photo-
graphs were taken at nearly all the quarries to illustrate their work-
ing. These materials will- be used in making a representative
exhibit of the slate industry in the state museum. As the study of
the slate region was not completed in September, but was continued
into the succeeding fiscal year, the detailed disecus-ion of this work
will be found in next year’s report.

The clay and shale industry, which is so prominent among the
mineral activities of New York, and which was discussed at length
in bulletin 12 of the state museum, has increased to such an extent
that a new edition of that work has become necessary, and Dr
Heinrich Ries, the junior author of the former publication, has.
been charged with the labor of preparing it. Much field work is

necessary for this, and the report will probably be published next
: year. Asa preliminary step, Dr Ries made an examination of the
valley between Rondout and Port Jervis. Some notes on that
region are contained in the following pages.

Mineralogy

An important piece of work accomplished in this subject was
the rearrangement of the duplicate minerals ‘according to their
sequence in Dana’s System of mineralogy, and the cataloguing of
the drawers. This has already resulted in the saving of considera-
ble time in effecting exchanges and referring to the duplicates.
The duplicate minerals are stored in part of the drawer case at the
foot of the basement stairs.

March 23 and 24 an examination was made of a collection of
minerals which Mr 8. C. H. Bailey, of Oscawana, wished to sell to
the museum. With proper arrangement this collection would be a
magnificent addition to the museum’s mineralogic department, but
Mr Bailey's price for it, while not excessive, places the collection
far beyond the reach of the museum, unless a special appropriation
can be secured for its purchase.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r9

; Indian museum ;

The legislature of 1896 passed an act providing for a collection
of historical and ethnologic records and relics of the American
Indians of the state of New York and making an appropriation
therefor in the following terms:

There shall be made as the Indian section of the state museum,
_as complete a collection as practicable of the historic, ethnographic
and other records and relics of the Indians of the state of New
York, including implements or other articles pertaining to their
domestic life, agriculture, the chase, war, religion, burial and other
rites or customs, or otherwise connected with the Indians of New
York. |

The trustees of the state museum shall appoint on its staff a com-
petent curator, without salary, to make and arrange this Indian
collection, and for his necessary expenses, and for collecting or
buying specimens for the Indian collection, there shall be paid by
the treasurer, on the warrant of the controller, from any money
not otherwise appropriated, not to exceed $5000.

In consequence of this act and the accompanying appropriation,
it was voted by the regents at their mee:ing of June 24, 1896, that
“the museum committee be authorized to spend the $5000 appro-
priated for the Indian museum and to make any necessary appoint-
ments on request of the honorary curator of archeology and of the
director of the museum.”

Mr Adelbert G. Richmond, of Canajoharie, having been some time
before appointed honorary curator in archeology, by reason of his
long and active interest in this subject and his industry in building
up the large private collection which is so well known in the
Mohawk valley, the work of spending the appropriation to the best

advantage was placed in his hands. 3

A small collection of Indian relics had been in the possession of
. the state museum for many years, some of which were described
and illustrated in the fifth annual report of the state cabinet of
natural history. :

In view of the fact that New York was known to be rich in relies
of the Indian tribes which formerly lived within its borders, and
that other states, notably Wisconsin, Ohio and Pennsylvania, were
already making collections of such relics and meeting with great
success, it was considered that our state, with great resources of that
description, should, with proper attention, be able to gather such a
collection as would be a source of pride and education to its people.

r10 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Mr Richmond, with the assistance of Mrs Harriet M. Converse,
which has been of great value on account of her extended personal
acquaintance with the members of the Indian tribes and her
enthusiasm in the collection of archeologic relics, has made exten-
sive purchases of material from private collections and from the
Indians of New York. The material thus obtained was shipped to
Albany, where cases for its exhibition were made and placed in the
corridor at the head of the library staircase on the fourth floor of
the capitol. In these cases the material has been arranged and
labeled with great care by Mr J. N. Nevius under the supervision
of the director.

The objects collected may be partially listed under the following
heads : a

Pottery vessels — very rare in New York, as, owing to the ex-
treme cold, they are easily broken, or absorb moisture and flatten
out. This collection contains the greatest number known, and their
state of preservation is in many cases perfect.

Clay and stone pipes—in great variety, plain and decorated,
many of them in perfect condition. They are rare and difficult to
obtain.

Bone carvings, tools, fishhooks and needles in great variety and
in fine condition. They are very rare on account of their liability
to destruction by decay.

Shell ornaments of various forms.

Ceremonial stones in variety and in good condition.

Stone carvings in curious designs, stone agricultural tools, axes,
gouges, celts, mortars, pestles, hammers, sinkers, plummets and
chert spearheads, arrow-points, scrapers, knives and drills.

Iron axes and thousands of venetian beads, brought to this coun-
try by the early settlers and traders and bartered with the Indians
for furs and pelts.

Two large stones, each of 500 pounds weight, grooved across the
face by use as arrow shaft workers. These stones are seldom found,
and are therefore great prizes. A full description of them will be
found in a future bulletin of- Dr Beauchamp, who photographed
these stones in their natural position at Pompey.

Altogether, thousands of articles not enumerated above have been
secured, many of rare type, and all are fully described in the cata-
logues which will in due time be printed.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 rill

The wampum belts and silver brooches now deposited in the state
library are invaluable and can not be duplicated.

Mrs Converse has presented to the state a large and valuable
collection of relics, consisting largely of objects made and used by
the Indians during the last 100 years. Objects of this nature are
now difficult to obtain, and it is doubtful whether the collection
could be duplicated. We have also, through her kind offices, been
able to procure a large number of Iroquois wooden masks, no other
institution or collection having a like number. Nearly all are very
old, and all have seen service at the hands of the Indians. It isa
most valuable addition to the state’s treasures, and can be appre-
ciated only by a full and careful examination.

In addition to the sum of $5000 appropriated by the legisla-
ture of 1896, $2000 was granted by that of 1897, $2000 by that of
1898 and $1000 by that of 1899, nearly all of which has been ex-
pended, with very satisfactory results. A small amount of money
has been expended in excavating, though not as much work has
been done in that direction as was desired. If a sufficient appro-
tion is made by the legislature, much more work can be accom-
plished, as new sites have been found, people are becoming inter-
ested, and the outlook is encouraging.

It is suggested that to conduct this department properly, an an-
nual appropriation should be made. The sum need not be large,
simply enough to enable the curator to be ready to act in any emer-
gency that may arise, which he can not do if appropriations are un-
certain. A wide-spread and growing interest is manifesting itself
in archeology; and it is of the utmost consequence that steps be
taken to secure the desired objects, either by purchase or excavation,
as each year develops the fact that the relics of the red men are fast
disappearing, many objects now being unobtainable, and that farther
delay will cause more loss.) The work is now well in hand, active
men are interested, great success has been obtained thus far, and
much more is promised, if assistance can be obtained from the leg-
islature.

tn the sudden death of the honorary curator, Mr Richmond, the
museum has lost a valuable ally and an indefatigable worker in the
cause of ethnology.

Rev. W. M. Beauchamp has written a most comprehensive article,
Aboriginal chipped stone implements, illustrated with upward of

r12 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

200 drawings, which appears as bulletin 16 of the state museum,
and also an illustrated monograph, Polished stone articles used by
the New York aborigines, which was published as museum bulletin
18. These two builetins are bound with the 5lst report of the
state museum. In addition to these, Dr Beauchamp has prepared
a most valuable illustrated bulletin, Harthenware of the New York
aborigines. This is 22 of the museum series, and is bound with
the present report.

Dr Beauchamp has also given valuable assistance in other diree-
tions, and it is hoped that future appropriations will be sufficiently
large to enable him to give all of his time to state work, as he has
it well in hand, is an authority on New York archeology and takes
great interest in the future of the collection.

The collections in ethnology are so extensive that it is not prac-
ticable to give a catalogue of them in the present report. It is
proposed to issue this as a bulletin when ready for publication.

General zoology

In connection with the collections in Geological hall a large.
amount of work has been accomplished during the past season. |

Prominent in this regard is the collection of fishes from the —
waters of Long Island made by Dr Tarleton H. Bean for the state
museum during the summer and autumn of 1898. In this work 84
species were collected, many of them being previously not recorded
within our limits. An article describing this work in detail is pub-
lished in the present report.

By special arrangement with Gerrit 8S. Miller jr, of the United
States national museum, an annotated catalogue of the mammals of
New York has been prepared, which is published as bulletin 29 of
the state museum. This will be followed by a Hey to the land
mammals of northeastern North America.

In continuation of the study of the unionidae taken up a few
years ago by William B. Marshall, of which some results were pub-
lished in bulletins 1 and 9 of the state museum, the attempt was
made to secure a collection of embryonic unios. For this purpose
frequent visits were made by Mr J. N. Nevius during 12 months to
the Hudson river, a short distance below Albany, in order to secure
specimens of unios in which the eggs were developing. A brief
note on this work is given in the following pages.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r13

Among the important specimens added by purchase is a series of
17 preparations, each illustrating the life history of an animal species,
and showing each form assumed by the species from the egg to the
adult. These are mounted on glass and preserved in formaldehyde
or alcohol, in jars of convenient size. ) |

March 9 an examination was made by the assistant curator of a
collection of birds which Thomas W. Grosvenor, of Herkimer, de-
sired to sell to the state. The taxidermist’s work on them proved
not to be of such a quality that they would be of use to the museum,
and the matter was dropped.

Entomology

Under this head is carried on a very important branch of the
zoologic work of the museum. ;

The report for 1898 of the state entomologist, Dr Ephraim P.
Felt, appears.separately as museum bulletin 23.

The introduction notes some of the more important insects
studied, describes briefly the work of the year, and contains several
recommendations.

The contents of the report may be grouped under the following
divisions:

Injurious insects. Under this title are included general accounts,
giving illnstrations, life history, habits, remedial and preventive
measures, and bibliographies of the following insects: Byturous
unicolor, the pale brown Byturus; Trypeta canadensis,
the gooseberry fruit fly; Notolophus leucostigma, the
white marked tussock moth; Clisiocampa americana, the
apple tree tent-caterpillar; Clisiocampa disstria, the forest
tent-caterpillar; Mamestra picta, the zebra caterpillar;
Mmynina antennata, an» elm. leaf miner; > Lecanium
tulipferae, the tulip tree scale; Lepisma domestica,
bristle tail fishmoth; Eurypelma hentzii, a tarantula.

Hints about insecticides. Under this head are discussed the
general principles which must be observed in fighting insects and
the more important insecticides. .

Some insects of the year in New York state. This comprises
brief notes relating to the comparative abundance, destructiveness
and other interesting features regarding the following species:

r14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Eriocampoides limacina, cherry or pear tree sing; Sil-
vanus surinamensis, saw-toothed grain beetle; Byturus
unicolor, Elaphidion villosum, Galer ucella luteola,
elm leaf beetle; Galerueella cavicollis, Notolophus
leucostigma, ravages by tent caterpillars, Clisiocampa
americana and C. disstria, Mamestra picta, Xylina
antennata, anelm leaf miner; Chermes strobilobius,
Pemphigus tessellatus, Pulvinaria innumera-
bilis, Lecanium armeniacum, L. cerasifex, Aspi-
diotus perniciosus, San José scale.

List of publications of the state entomologist. Gives title, date,
place and time of appearance and summaries of 73 publications.

- Contributions to the collection. Includes the common and
scientific names of the insects and the addresses of the contributors,
with brief items of interest.

A detailed index facilitates ready reference.

In addition to this official report, the following bulletins are
bound in the present volume:

20, Hlm leaf beetle in New York state, by Ephraim Porter
Felt, giving a life history of this destructive insect and a discussion
of the means of destroying it; also bulletin 24, entitled JZemorial
of the life and entomologic work of Joseph Albert Lintner. This
bulletin gives a notice of the life of the late Dr Lintner, a list of
new species described by him, a list of his entomologic publications
and an index to the state entomologist’s reports from 1 to 18. This
constitutes the entomologic portions of the report of the state
museum.

Botany

The report for the year 1898 of the state botanist, Prof. Charles
H. Peck, which appears separately as museum bulletin 25, gives the
names of the counties in the state in which specimens of plants for
the herbarium were collected, either by the botanist himself or by
his correspondents, and gives a list of the names of the species added
to the herbarium during the year. Also a list of the names of the
contributors of specimens and of their respective contributions.

In the recently published Jllustrated flora of the northern
states and Canada, many plant names have been changed, so that
its nomenclature differs considerably from that of Gray’s Manual.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r15

This disagreement. affects about 600 names of New York species of
flowering plants and ferns. A list of the names of these species is
given, those found in the Manual standing in one column and the
corresponding names in the /dlustrated flora standing opposite them
in another. ,

_A record is made of species found in the state but not before
officially reported as belonging to its flora. This record gives the
name of the locality where the plant was found, the month in which
it was found and any other matter of interest observed concerning
it. -The number of species added to our flora is 57. In a similar
way a record is made of species previously reported but concerning
which something new has been learned or some observation of in-
terest has been made. This part of the report includes remarks on
39 species.

A brief account of some of the physical features of the open sum-
mit of Mt Marcy, the highest mountain in the state, reference to
its climatic and meteoric conditions and their influence on its
vegetation and a list of the names of plants found growing there are
given. These number 206 species. To this list, remarks are added
concerning some of the more interesting and notable species.

The final chapter contains descriptions of 12 edible species of
mushrooms on the plan of those described in previous reports. A
brief scientific diagnosis of the species is followed by a simple de-
scription in plain language, as devoid of technical terms as possible.
These species are illustrated by colored drawings of natural size on
five quarto plates. An index to the report is added.

Photography ~

Considerable photographic work has been accomplished during
the year, and good negatives have been obtained of the following
subjects. By Heinrich Ries Ph.D., views of the clay pits, brick
factories, topography and general geology of Long Island, Staten
Island and the highlands of the southeastern part of the state. By
J. N. Nevius, views of the Quaternary geology and the topography
about Albany, and Luzerne, Warren co.; the slate belt of Washing-
ton co.; the Hudson river formation about Albany and along the
shore of Lake Champlain; Trenton limestone at Glens Falls and
near Albany; Precambrian rocks at Littlefalls, Herkimer co., and

r16 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Hadley, Saratoga co. The latter has also photographed the exterior
and interior of the Sacandaga mining and milling co.’s mill at
Hadley; several of the museum’s specimens showing ripple marks, —
mud cracks, Triassic footprints, concretions and impressions of rain-
drops; and panoramic views of the Helderberg escarpment near
Albany.

These views are of much value in illustrating the museum col-
lections and reports and the negatives are all carefully preserved for
reference. |

Physiography

Three valuable additions to the collection of relief maps has been
made. These were modeled by Edwin E. Howell, of Washington
D. C., for the New York state museum, and an arrangement has
been made with the manufacturer to supply duplicates of them at a
reasonable price. A list of these new relief maps with prices will
be found in the list of accessions.

This collection is of great interest and value to teachers, and will
be developed as rapidly as possible by the addition of new examples.

Publications issued during 1898

20 Felt, E. P. Elm leaf beetle in New York state

21 Kemp, J. F. Geology of the Lake Placid region

22 Beauchamp, W. M. Earthenware of the New York aborigines

23 Felt, E. P. 14th report of the state entomologist, 1898

24 Felt, E. P. Memorial of life and entomologic work of Joseph
Albert Lintner, Ph.D,

25 Peck, C. H. Report of the state botanist, 1898

29 Miller, Gerrit S., jr, entitled Preliminary list of New York
mammals, belongs to the present report, but by an oversight
of paging will be bound with the report of next year

Office work

In the administration of the state museum the routine office
work has been particularly heavy during the last year. Many in-
quiries, both verbal and by letter, have received careful attention,
and work in connection with the publication of the museum Dbulle-
tins has occupied considerable time, as well as the clerical labor of
keeping records and making catalogues.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r17

A card catalogue of the scientific papers contained in the annual

reports of the United States geological survey, has been made for
reference in the office. |

| During odd hours, the work of compiling a list of public museums

of natural history in North America has been continued. It will

soon be ready for the printer.

Mr George Douglas Miller of Albany has removed, to the rooms of
the Historical and art society, some of the ethnologic material which
_ he deposited several years ago in the rear wing of Geological hall, and,
in order to fill the space thus left vacant, the collection of military
relics has been removed from the cases in the front of the third
floor and placed in the vacated case in the rear wing.

Attendance at the museum
1 Oct. 1897 — 30 Sep. 1898

POCO 8) Ps dee es os ee ne 54 907
Greatest monthly maximum, August................... 6 430
ieremesa daily maximum, Sep. 14°. .::).......-.......- 671
Peeeeumonthly attendance ..... 2.2.22... eee eee ee 4 575
Peete astily ApLenGanGe 605). o's. ee cise woes id meas 180

The following is a comparison of the turnstile records for the past
five years showing the averages of yearly, monthly and daily
attendance.

1 Oct, 1893—80 Sep. 1894...... 72 185 6 015 238
1 Oct. 1894—30 Sep. 1895...... 61 368 5 114 197
1 Oct. 1895—30 Sep. 1896... .. 52 003 4 338 170
1 Oct. 1896—30 Sep. 1897...... 583 366 4 447 175
1 Oct. 1897—30 Sep. 1898...... 54 907 4575 180

From these statisties it will be seen that the attendance of visitors

at Geological hall is subject to slight annual variations, but that it is
quite large for a museum suffering from the disadvantages of the
present building, which can not be opened during the evening for
lack of illumination.

Respectfully submitted
Freperick J. H. Merrin.
Deurector

r1s NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

ACCESSIONS TO COLLECTIONS IN GEOLOGICAL HALL
Historic geology

Donations
From Dean M. C. Ihlseng, State college of Pennsylvania: col-
lection of 12 specimens to illustrate the Carboniferous system of
Pennsylvania. Also one specimen each from the Devonian and
Upper Silurian systems.

Formation. No. of specimens

Wish ‘creek’ sandstone. 2. or a ae ne eet ee ee eee 1
Dunkard SW ihay.8c. Of Mase elite g ole eee aan AGOHL
- Greene EES COR eee Oa ae ha eens 1
Upper: Washington ‘limestome.!. 20. 22040007) A. 2c 2 pee 1
Waynesburg, sandstone . oie = 2p ele 3 +p hin, a 1
Fishpot limestone .......... Sis teenie atin, a ain 5 °c
Connells vilte “santistone |? oi Se ts «ns eee seen meee ee 1
Morgantown 6 Doe e Te 2. re ee 1
Clarion % wale, orainenre hE ae hb oleeeye eee ee 1
Pottsville conglomerate . . .. 0.415 s2 = + <'s ute paay epee oe 3
Oriskany sandstone... 2.202 haecc. oes 5 oe oe eer 1
Helderberg -limestene: :::.-.... 2.2... 0 e599 A 1
14

From Prof. W. B. Dwight, of Vassar college, 4 specimens as
follows:

1 specimen of Upper Cambrian (Dikellocephalus
horizon) limestone, containing fragments of Agraulos Sara-
togensis and Stychoparia calciferous, from the
Sparrkill read, 24 miles south of Poughkeepsie N. Y.

1 specimen of Middle Cambrian (Paradoxides horizon),
Stissing N. Y.

1 specimen of Lower Cambrian (Olenellus horizon). Lower
quartzite layer resting on Precambrian gneiss. Containing frag-
ments of Olenellus asaphoides or thompsoni and
Camerella minor. From Stissing mountain, Stissing N. Y.

1 specimen of Lower Cambrian (Olenellus horizon) lime-
stone layer, resting on the Olenellus quartzite, Stissing mountain,

Stissing N. Y.

REPORT OF THH DIRECTOR 1898 r19

From William Hooper, of Ticonderoga N. Y.:
1 specimen of graphite schist from Hague, Warren co. N. Y.
Mined by American graphite co. (Dixon graphite co.)

From the E. W. Spurr Oo., of Lakeville Ct.:
1 block of dove-colored marble, 4° x 5” x 4”, from their
quarry in that town; together with data of its analysis and of its
crushing test.

From J. V. Davies, of New York:
1 specimen of red clay (residuum of limestone) from a boring

on Tallman’s island, Queens eo.

Collected for the museum
By Prof. I. P. Bishop, of Buffalo, the following rock speeimens
from the region about Niagara Falls and Lake Erie:

Formation No. of specimens
RRM Ne Vee h MR eR ime a! a Sk are si oe de on 2
- Bepviiola mestONe) 2. 2. sac e se se eee sca d aes 4
ame RRM ee ae seine woe <n oe wiebvoe dee 6
ii (Conesetiona urdu). 00 Wo. oo. ee oe oe
si = Enemnal,limestone) i. i954, 28 ee ee ie i:
RCM Siac ot ot rat eis 4 nl of soee he ae a WA he 8 4
Salina oo ME Re oll dete ence each AUN SO, a tn a ee ES RL LON ea 1
IPE NOT ON alii iss wa peek Mh ae od es 2
pene cia a eG aie 1s, er y)
NNR eho Se al ye ces le ety Weta). phage Dos 5 1
a Coe a aarti Sas 2
oT

By J. N. Nevius:
2 specimens of Trenton limestone overlying Hudson river
shale 14 miles east of Rensselaer, Rensselaer co.

| Purchases

From Oscar Rohn, of Madison Wis.: a collection of 86 speci-
mens from the typical localities of the various formations of the
iron-bearing region of Lake Superior. The specimens were ac-
companied by printed labels and flakes for the preparation of micro-
scope slides.

This collection has been placed on exhibition near the stairway
on the second floor of Geological hall. The arrangement in the

’

r20 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

catalogue accompanying it was found to be incorrect, in that it
represented the basal quartzite as lyimg above some of the younger
rocks. It became necessary, therefore, to arrange the specimens in
their proper relationship according to the published reports on the
geology of the region. The following arrangement was adopted
for labeling.

SYNOPSIS
Til Paleozoie times see. hee. oe Cambrian system
2 Keweenawan system
it (6 ; 1 Huronian system
Li. Aleon|lsian time. ie wees mene { (Penokee, and: Maniueam
formations are synchronous)
Archean tines se oan eet cere Rocks of the basement com-
| plex
Rocks of the basement complex |
f ( (Dike rocks)
Syenite
Granite
Mona schist
Kitchi schist
| Peridotite
(Dike rocks)

| Palmer gneiss

Northern complex........ |

I Archean time

| Southern complex ....... { Micaceous schist

| Hornblende schist
\ Granite
Rocks of the Penokee iron-bearing district of Michigan and
Wisconsin

me

2 Keweenawan system ...

| Upper slate member
| Iron-bearing member

;
Quartz slate member

Cherty limestone

If Algonkian ti
Penokee formation

[1 Huronian system.......

Roeks of the Marquette iron-bearing district of Michigan

me
i

Ill Paleozoic ti

| Cambrian system

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r21

| {1 ¢ Clarksburg formation
Upper Marquette series { 1 6 Michigamme formation
| 1 @ Ishpeming formation
1 f Negaunee formation
be e Siamo slate
_ | 1 @ Ajibik quartzite
Lower Marquette series { itataiieGclite Te
1 6 Kona dolomite
| 1 @ Mesnard quartzite

Ii Algonkian time
———————————
Huronian system
——

l
Rocks of the Keweenawan area of Lake Superior

f

i)
: | a Basic original rocks
a e e e
g | 2 Keweenawan system .... 6 Acid original rocks
1
& | ¢ Detrital rocks
a
HB | Conglomerate, sandstone

Paleontology
Donations
From Dr A. H. Getty, of Athens N. Y.: fragments of the
Carapace and a few bones of a large turtle, found in Quaternary

deposits near Athens, Greene co.

On deposit

From Dr Isaac B. Davenport, of Paris France: 1 specimen of
Uphantaenia chemungensis, from Vistal, Broome co.

Purchases

From Charles Lewis: a fossil stump of a tree from the Hamilton
strata of Gilboa, Schoharie co.

From Ogden H. Cooley, of Monroe N. Y.: a large fossil plant,
in situ in the Hamilton strata, near Monroe, Orange co.

From Dr R. M. Bagg jr: 2 boxes of unidentified fossils from
the Kocene, Miocene and Pleistocene formations of Maryland and
Virginia.

From 8. W. Adamy: 1 specimen of Uphantaenia che-
mungensis, from Union, Broome co.

r22

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Economic geology

Donations
4 boxes of gravel, Yosts, Mont. co ....... J. OC. Irwin, Albany
Road metal
Limestone ..... Rochester, Monroe co.. Whitmore, Rauber &
Vicinus
* othaiter yt. Buffalo, Erie co ....... Barber asphalt paving co.
ee Babi eAry - Palatine Bridge, Mont-
somery: €0...5.)...Jsb<e Mohawk valley stone co.
sei bang ag We Perryville, Madison co.. Cyrus Worlock
SA Nene Sharon Springs, Scho-
harie co. 82523 See W. T. Smith
. Howecave, Schoharie co. Helderberg cement co.
i eh the ee Verplanck, Westchester
CO ee ee Brown & Fleming
se heated 4 Bafialo, Erie eo SoS & Buffalo cement co.
limited
Bae apes Hudson, Columbia co.. Shute & Rightmyer
Se Nee th Tomkins Cove, Rocek-
land G0... 5.2.2 eee Tomkins Ceve stone co.
e Jamesville, Onondagaco. Robert Dunlap & Co.
+ .... Waterloo, Seneca co.... Dwight Babcock
ete iat SNH Chazy, Clinton co. ... Chazy marble lime co.
BP GAS 6 South Bethlehem, Al-
Dany GOe oe eee Callanan road improve-
ment co.
Siibhontt ae Saratoga Springs, Sara-
toga eo) acho cae Isaac Wagar
as Thakse ec New Hamburg, Dutchess
IPS soe ee Hudson river stone
supply 6o.
ot Nab aia Oriskany, Oneida co... F. E. Conley
Sandstone ..... Medina, Orleans co .... A. L. Swett iron works
ees Duanesburg, Schenec-
tady. 40. 6 2056 see Albert Shear & Co.

66

Higginsville, Oneida co. F. EK. Conley

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r23

Sandstone ..... Lockport, Niagara co... OC. B. Whitmore
Granite ..... . Round island, Rockland
a Rp A oe Daniel E. Donovan
ES A oe Guttenberg N.J..... . Carpenter Bros.
SS Se WortyLee: Nuod. 25 hc.2) John S. Lane
SB etri)s eA Rockland Lake, Rock-
andl CG's Hoe Ayo Me fu Conklin & Foss

Bricks and clays collected by Dr Heinrich Ries for the state

museum
5 brick.... ... Canandaigua N. Y..... N.Y. hydraulic pressed
brick co.
Dp priel, ..'. myracuse N.Y 0s): 9 308 N. Y. paving brick works
pavers
builders
acid
Bottom clay... Farmingdale, Queens co. Garden City briek co.
mrdia “ ... e o
Wiper 22, ie Meyer’s brick works
iemom “ ... vA %
Medium grade
fire-clay ..... Kreischerville 8. I..... Kreischer Bros.
White fire-clay. is ye ae: -
< = . Opp Kilmeyer’s hotel,
Kreischersville 8. I... .
Medium _ grade
fve-clay ..... Near factory Kreisch-
ersville Sif... ...6... 4
igeclay...... Glens Falls Warren co.. Glens Falls brick & ter-
racotta co.
Lower clay.... Rochester, Monroe co.. Rochester brick & tile co.
Brick clay..... West neck L.[........ Hammond’s yard
6 aon oouthold” Ee Py. 2 . Arshmomoque brick
works
Yellow clay.... Littleneck L.1......... Northport fire-clay co,

ipiek clay: «: ‘Northport DD .o.c7 2). “

r24 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Mineralogy
Donations
From Andrew Lackey, of Johnsburg, Warren co. N. Y. the fol-
lowing specimens from the vicinity of that town: |
1 almandite garnet, a large crystal presenting on the bottom
the appearance of the hexagonal rutile, or aragonite twin. <A
piece broken out of the top gives a rounded, hexagonal pyramid
due to cleavage.
7 almandite crystals of the same peculiar rounded form as
above
4 black tourmaline crystals
1 quartz cluster (small)
1 limonite
From A. P. Adams, of Albany:
1 pyrargyrite and auriferous pyrite, Dunton Col.; carries about
10 oz. of gold to the ton.
From W. 8. Snyder:
1 gold, native gold in quartz vein from South Bennington Vt.
From F. M. Kronse, of Washington D. C.:
12 zircon crystals from French Broad river N. C.
From Klaber & Co., of New York:
1 green onyx, cut and polished, from Argentina.
1 section of onyx stalactite from Bisbee Ariz.
From John Bridgeford, of Albany:
1 cerargyrite, Lovelock, Humboldt co. Nev.

By exchange
From Edgar Nock, of Providence R. L.:
1 peridote, cut gem from Mt Miea, Paris Me.
1 opal (fire opal) gem from Queretaro Mex.
1 garnet, var. almandite gem, from Liberia.
spinel (red) cut gem from Ceylon.
zircon (brown) cut gem from Ceylon.

A

Relics

Donations
From Dr A. W. Van Slyke, of Coxsackie N, Y., 2 arrowheads
from Greene county.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r25

By purchase with Indian relics
From A. G. Richmond:
1 bayonet from Saratoga battlefield
1 bayonet frem Point Peninsula, Jefferson co. N. Y.
Part of gunlock from Oriskany battlefield
2-buttons from Saratoga battlefield
1 cannon ball, presented by J. L. Towning, of Copenhagen
2 grapeshot ?

Relief maps

1 geologic relief map of Manhattan island, showing its original
topography. Scale: horizontal, 1000 ft=1 in., vertical, 500 ft=1 in.
Price on application.

1 map of Manhattan island, showing topography and hydro-
graphy with culture as it existed in 1776 Seale: horizontal, 1000
ft=1 in., vertical, 500 ft=1 in. Price $60.

1 map of the Catskill mountains. Scale: both horizontal and
vertical, 1 in.=l mile. Price $40.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

r26

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r28 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Marine invertebrates collected in Long Island waters, July-Septem-
ber 1898, by Dr Tarleton H. Bean

Insecta ee
Common name Scientific name specimens
Cicindelid beetle ....... Cicindela punctulata Fabr....... 1
Scarabeid beetle. ....... Lachnosterna 6p. . 2.0.2 Bay t
Crustacea
ppider crab 720 oss aes Se Libinia canaliculata Say......... +
Potue Grab... cee Calinectes hastatus Ordway..... 2
Bady efab 2s 22s See Platyonichius ocellatus Latredile. 13
Bock Jerabs: 32.5 <2 ae. Cancer irroratus Say. —......... as
Mad crab........~.g = — Panopeus sayiaSmaeth = lac. ae 1
Smaller hermit-crab..... Eupagurus longicarpus Stimpson. 13
Larger hermit-crab...... Eupagurus pollicaris Stémpson... 6
Dandeshtimp -/. 4-5 - Crangon vulgaris Habricius..... 3
Common prawn........ Palaemonetes vulgaris Stimpson . 10
Tcopod S28 - FR: Bay cot Livoneca ovalis Harger......... 13
Ts0pell wt; Dae Be aks ee A apatioa ap. .~ 2-8-6 eee ee 3
Copepod. Sv. 2. 5. dee sae Pandarus pp. . ss... cent ee cee 3
Acorn barngele. >-2- Balanus balanoides Stempson..... 3
Mollusca
Common squid......... Loligo pealii Le Sueur......-... 2
Winkle. =. %. ... ..... Syeotypus eanaliculatus (GZ)... 8
Egg case of Winkle .... Sycotypus eanaliculatus (GZ)... 1
UH Sn sie | Se ee Natica duplicata Strmpson...... 1
Porat Ss oi eee ee Urosalpinx cinerea Stimpson.... 1
Periwinkle... << &sss.2 Littorina littorea Zumn.......... 9
Massy. Fs. Bei te Be . Ilyanassa obsoleta Stempson..... 370
Melampus bidentatus Say....... 13
Horse mussel: < .... 5. in Modiola plicatula Lamarck ..... 10
enlleie . 2n 4. cite eae Pecten irradians Lamarck...... ° 1
Oveier... Sect ate. ees Ostrea virginiana Jaster........ Group
pea Glam Jy. +...) - _.... Mactra solidissima Chemntiz..... 1
Edible mussel;......... Mytilus edulis Zimm ........... 11
Boat shulizy. pire cc . Crepidula plana Say ........... 4
Vermes
Wereis 6p sos sey ei aehsieh es BE ie oh Pe Ee Be 2

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 129

Echinodermata
No. of
Common name Scientific name specimens
Sratiel........ Asterias vulgaris Stumpson.........-.++- 1
Fishes*®

BEAN COLLECTION
Collected by Dr Tarleton H. Bean, during July, August and Sep-
tember 1898, in Long Island waters (except where noted).

Common name Scientific name eis
Great sea lamprey ...... Petromyzon marinus Linn...... 1
C. H. Walters, donor.

Wramebark . ys,» 3's}. - Mustelus canis (Mitch.)......... +

Dusky shark........-. 2. Carcharinus obscurus (Ze S.) .... 1
W. F. Clark, donor.

Semeretare . lw. 6. ayn Carcharias littoralis (Wvtch.)..... 3

Mackerel shark......... Lamna cornubica (Gmel.)...... ; 1
A. P. Latto, donor.

Spined dogfish ......... Squalus acanthias Limn......... 1
A. P. Latto, donor.

Common skate......... Raja erinacea Mitch..... ing 1

MNES jaf) ala oy 3 a, ox Raja ocellata Mitch............ 1

Clear-nosed skate ....... Khaja.ezlanteria .Gose........-.- 2

Prormed pout. ..:-s...+)- Ameiurus nebulosus (Le S.)..... 8

A a Cyprinus carpio Lunn.......... 1

C. H. Walters, donor.
Blunt-nosed minnow .... Pimephales notatus (fa/f.).. ... 17

L. Stone, donor.
Golden shiner.... ..... Abramis chrysoleucas (M/itch.)... 7
L. Stone, donor.

Spawn-eater; shiner .... Notropis hudsonius (De Witt

ARM abe Sioa a eae 8
L. Stone, donor.
a Notropis whipplii (Girard)...... I
L. Stone, donor.
Silvery minnow ........ Notropis atherinoides Raf....... 1
wamerican eel .......... Anguilla chrysypa Raf.........
Conger eel............. Leptocephalus conger (Zinn.) ... 1
A. P. Latto, donor.
Big-eyed herring........ Elops saurus Zinn..........00. 1

A. P. Latto, donor.

a In this list the species are arranged in the same general order in which they are found in
Jordan and Evermann’s Fishes of North and Middle America, ball. 47 U.S. nat. mus. The
nomenclature of this work is also followed. The names marked with an asterisk differ from
those adopted by Dr Bean in his report. See p. r92-r111.

r30 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Common name Scientific name atone
iiekory shad)<. <7... Pomolobus mediocris (A/ztch.)... 2
Alewiterrr er pes: Pomolobus pseudoharengus ( W7i-

SOMES ns Ce eae el eee 35
Menhaden’ ee. Brevoortia tyrannus (Latrobe) ... at
Striped anchovy........ Stolephorus brownii (Gmel.) .... 2
Anchovy. betarr aracas 36 Stolephorus mitchilli (Cw. &
Vals). vectwiee: Je Aer aaa 58
Labrador whitefish...... Coregonus Sileriaie Bach... 1
Hemlock lake N. Y., James Annin jr, donor.
CiceO3 i) 2 2s Samm Argyrosomus artedi (Ze S.) ..... 2
Hemlock lake N. Y., James Annin jr, donor.
American smelt ........ Osmerus mordax (Mtteh.)....._. !
C. H. Walters, donor.
Banded pickerel ....... Lucius americanus (Gmel.) ..... 4
Common eastern pickerel Lucius reticulatus (Ze S.) ....... 4
Common’ pike?) 22.1045: Lucius lucius (Zann.).........-- 1
L. Stone, donor.
Great northern pike.. .. Lucius masquinongy immaculatus
CG GPTAPE) 08 NSE TE eee 1
Chautauqua lake N. Y., James Annin jr, denor.
Killidigh Wc oe isto Fundulus majalis ( Walbaum).... il
Common killifish ....... Fundulus heteroelitus (Zann.)... 20
al tisk. a ie ..... Fundulus diaphanus (Le S.)..... 8
Rainwater fish). 053... Lucania parva (Baird & Girard) 67
Sheepshead minnow .... Cyprinodon variegatus Lacépéde 16
Geis SAT Sate erga Tylosurus marinus ( Walbaum) .. 27
Common halfbeak ...... Hyporhamphus roberti (Cuv. &
15715 he MB I AE = 8. 4

Nine-spined stickleback.. Pygosteus pungitius (Zenn.) .... 11
Common eastern stickle-

back 252% eee ee Gasterosteus bispinosus Wal-
DOG Sone ss Ses ele ot ty kel 2
Four-spined stiekleback.. Apeltes quadracus (Mitch. ee i
Common pipefish....... Siphostoma fuscum (Séorer)..... 19
Common American s5ea-
home vet e ste ae Hippocampus hudsonius De Kay 2
Birate penehy iim ai: eiciies Aphredoderus sayanus (G2l/zams) 1
IV GUTAN oo oi al Sonne Kirtlandia vagrans _laciniata

(Swain) 80 s'est sa Ailes 1

64

REPORT OF THH DIRECTOR 1898 r31
No. of
Common name Scientific name specimens
Fresh-water silverside ... *Menidia gracilis beryllina (Cope) 41
Silverside ....... ro leat *Menidia menidia notata (Aitch.)
Common mullet ........ Mugil cephalus Zann........... 3
WVinite mullet 2.2.7... 6. Mugil curema Cuv. & Val....... 5
areal; (Is ng hao. <6. Caranx hippos (Zann.).......... 3
imeadiishs £2) 2.002... Aleetis ciliaris (Bloch).......... il
W. F. Clark, donor.
igemishy) ie... ...- 2. -: Selene vomer (Linn.)........-.. met
Common pampano...... Trachinotus carolinus (Linn.) . 7
ume 22s... kee Pomatomus saltatrix (Zinn.).... 12
Inmodertish .......... Palinurichthys perciformis( itch.) +
1D Cllziea cS «rare Rhombus tricanthus (Peck) ..... 2
A. P. Latto, donor.
Common rock bass...... Ambloplites rupestris (Zaf.).... = 2
St Lawrence river, L. Stone, donor.
Common sunfish........ Eupomotis gibbosus (Linn.)..... 6
Small-mouthed black bass Micropterus dolomieu Lacépéde.. 1
St Lawrence river, L. Stone, donor.
ey naythed black bass Micropterus salmoides Lacépéde. . i!
St Lawrenee river, L. Stone, donor.
Wellow perch .......... Perea flavescens (Mitch.)........ 2
pimped bass ........... Roccus lineatus (Bloch)........ 2
Wiltite pereh’!......... . Morone americana (@mel.)...... 2
Black sea bass.......... Centropristes striatus (Linn.).... 22
Wommon seup').. 22. 65.. Stenotomus chrysops (Linn.).... 9
Siiver Jenny. 00./.... Eucinostomus gula (Cuv. & Val.) 1
Common weaktish .... Cynoscion regalis (Bloch &
WCNMEVMCY ND AION YOAN oo AS 14
Mellowtail ..........-- Bairdiella chrysura (Lacépede)... 10
inmiiebe 8. Menticirrhus saxatilis (Bloch &
DOWAMCOMETY OTE PENARMO) , 2601. 8 20
mer Tautogolabrus adspersus ( Wal-
enna MARIE 3 LOTS La sits itt 12
MOS ME OL Tautoga onitis (Zamn.).......... 20
igen Washes OO POL Monacanthus hispidus (Zénn.)... iL
Pile mein 22 PSN ts: Alutera schoepfii (Walbaum) ... 4
omer) 2!) . Ora 122, Spheroides maculatus (Bloch &
DEMMAEr YI IEE I, JPR. 14

r32 ' NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

No. of
Common name Scientific name specimens
Miller’scdhunabi|! sod abl: Uranidea gracilis (Heckel) ...... 2
C. H. Walters, donor.
Common gurnard....... Prionotus carolinus (Zinn.) ..... 8
Northern striped gurnard Prionetus strigatus (Cwv. & Val.) 24
Naked .coby ...:: “uae Gobiosoma bosci (Lacépéde)..... 66
oad fish ./.2:..1.. eee ote Opsanus tau (Lwnn.). ..... 2.4: T
Wihiting’ .°. 2.c..ho.saeer Merluecius bilinearis (Jfitch.).... 1
A. P. Latto, donor.
Tomeod: y. 4° 4Sneuteee Microgadus tomeod ( Walbaum).. 8
Codling: > st totes ck: *Urophycis tenuis (AZctch.)...... 2
A. P. Latto, donor.
Summer flounder....... Paralichthys dentatus (Zinn.).... 7
Common flatfish..... ... Pseudopleuronectes americanus
GW aio aiat). « «0! a/> siesl | dageeoee 15
Window pane..... .... *Lophopsetta maculata (Mitch... 3
American sole (i)... 6600. Achirus fasciatus Lacépede ..... 32

REPORT OF WORK ON THE COLLECTIONS OF
MESOZOIC AND CENOZOIC FOSSILS IN
GEOLOGICAL HALL

The first three weeks of November 1897 were spent in arranging
the Mesozoic, Cenozoic and Quaternary collections of fossils from
the United States. It was found necessary to relabel the entire
collection in order to bring it into accord with the latest nomenela-
ture and classification. The old labels were in a number of
instances incomplete, and sometimes the generic as well as the
specific identifications were at fault.

No attempt was made in relabeling the collections to change in
any way the localities from which the fossils were stated to have
come. This can never be done with safety, owing to the wide geo-
graphic distribution of nearly all species. Very few forms of life
in the fossil world are confined to one locality, though most are
limited in vertical range. The same forms which flourished in the
British Isles as early as the Carboniferous period grew also in the
Alleghany mountain region of the United States, and the same
might be said of the fauna as well as the flora.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r33

Corrections were made in the horizon of the fossils, and addi-
tional information was given whenever possible. We can safely
infer the horizon when the locality is known and the fossil in
question has been determined. Mistakes in the horizon of the
fossils had been made in a great many instances. For example, in
the British Tertiary all the specimens from Barton were labeled
Middle Eocene. As only beds of Upper Eocene age occur at
Barton, the correction from Middle to Upper Eocene was made.
Many forms marked Upper Eocene are Oligocene, and this change
was made and the Oligocene specimens placed in a separate divi-
sion. In the same way, a number of forms marked Upper Eocene
were transferred to Lower Eocene. This task was made possible
and was much simplified by the use of Prof. Richard B. Newton’s
excellent memoir on the Oligocene and Eocene Mollusca. This re-
port forms one of the special publications of the British museum,
and was issued in 1891.

The classification of British strata adopted is the one given by
Sir Archibald Geikie in his Zextbook of geology (edition of 1898).

The marked changes in the nomenclature of the Mollusca have
resulted from a more thorough and exhaustive study of this group
during the last few years. This study has necessitated alterations
and in many cases rejections of generic and specific terms which
were applied some twenty years ago. According to the so-called
“law of priority,” the earliest name of any organism has preference
over any later and perhaps more generally used term. ‘The pre-
occupation, however, of some of the molluscan names by organisms
belonging to other groups, Vermes, Insecta, etc. has necessitated a
rejection of several well-known and largely used generic terms.

Among the more important changes recently made in Lamelli-
branchiata for the above reason are the following:

The name Glycimeris must be used in place of Pano paea-
for the former was applied in 1753 by Klein to a bivalve shell
identical generically with one from the Pliocene of northern Italy,
whereas the Italian fossil was not named Panopaea till 1807 by
Menard de la Groye.

The genus Pectunculus, applied by Lamarck in 1799, must
be discontinued, and the term Axinaea used in its place, as the

latter was given in 1795 by Poli for a similar shell.

r34 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The use of Cyprina by Linnaeus in 1766 for a fish antedates
the application of the word in conchology, and it is therefore not
available. Schumacher in 1817 describes the genus under the name
Arctica, and the latter will therefore replace the more familiar
term of Cyprina.

Another example is seen in the substitution of Meretrix in
lien of Cytherea. The former term, given in 1799 by Lamarck,
is synonomous with his Cytherea of 1806, and according to the
law of priority Meretrix must be accepted, and Cytherea,
though better known and more generally used, allowed to disappear.
A second reason why Cytherea can not be used now, lies in the
fact that in 1805 Fabricius used the name for a Dipterous insect, a
fact probably not known by Lamarck.

Among the Gasteropoda the generic term H y drobia, founded
in 1821 by Hartmann, was used in 1817 for an insect belonging to
the Coleoptera, and consequently this name can not longer be ap- .
plied. Prof. R. B. Newton has suggested that the term Paludes-
trina of D’Orbigny be used in its place, and this seems to have
met with approval. »

The genus Pteronotus, given in 1840 by Swainson, had al-
ready been employed in 1838 by J. E. Gray for a genus of bats.
The use of the word for a bat two years previous makes the word
unavailable, and Triplex, given by Humphrey in 1797 for a
similar shell, must take the place of Pteronotus. 3

The well-known genus Cylichna of Loven, which that author
used in 1846, was in 1844 applied by Burmeister to a genus of the
Coleoptera, and Prof. Newton has changed the genus to Bul linella,
a name of new construction. Other examples might be given, but
the above will prove sufficient to show why so many generic terms
have been aitered. Changes have likewise been made in the species
name. The earliest specific name has acceptance, while all others
are considered as synonyms or, where they show varietal dis-
tinctions, would follow the specific name as varieties of it. Though
many instances of a large synonomy under each species result from
this method, it is the oniy way to avoid confusion in paleontologic
and conchologic nomenclature.

At a meeting of the British association held recently the follow-
ing reasons were given why the jirst term used should be accepted

and employed :

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r35

In zoology no one person can subsequently claim an authority
equal to that possessed by the person who is the first to define a
new genus or describe a new species, and hence it is the name
originally given, even though it may be inferior in point of elegance
or expressiveness to those subsequently proposed, which ought as a
general principle to be permanently retained.

To this consideration we ought to add the injustice of erasing the
name originally selected by the person to whose labors we owe our
first knowledge of the object and we should reflect how much the
permission of such a practice opens a door to obscure pretenders
for dragging themselves into notice at the expense of original
observers.

A more thorough knowledge of the anatomy and the phylogeny

of a group of organisms of which the mollusca furnish a good ex-
ample has introduced in conchology many subgeneric names and
varieties. The use of subgeneric terms does not replace the early
generic word used for a larger number of organisms, but is placed
in parenthesis between the generic and specific names. We have
followed this method in relabeling the collections.
_ The earlier conception of species was that of a fixed unit, limited
and immutable. Cuvier, the founder of paleontology, gave a good
definition of this idea as follows. “A species is an assemblage of
all organized creatures which have descended, one from another or
from common ancestors and of all those which resemble them as
closely as they resembie each other ”.

Lamarck first showed that species were not immutable, but were
derived from one another. Darwin’s later researches demonstrated
that species are derived one from another, and that there conse-
quently exist between all organisms living and extinct, true rela-
tions of parentage more or less removed.

_. In revising the collections in the museum and adopting in label-
ing the latest authoritative works on the subject, the old names are
often put in parenthesis below those now proposed. Where the
author’s name is inclosed in parenthesis, it is intended to imply
that the author gave the specific term but used a different generic
word when he first described the species.

The following is a brief outline of my work in thé museum.

_ The first three weeks of November were spent on the Mesozoic,
Cenozoic and Quatenary collections of the United States. Some
of the fossils from the New Jersey greensands were assigned

r36 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

by the old labels to localities from which they could not possibly
have come. The most noticeable of these errors was found in
a number of ‘ Lower marl” fossils (now called the Navesink marl
bed of the Monmouth formation) which were labeled “ Shark
river”. All the formations along Shark river are of much later
age than the marl beds which carry the Navesink fossils. In
fact, only the uppermost portion of the greensand series is repre-
sented along this river. It is very probable that these Navesink
fossils (Lower marl bed of Cook) came from Monmouth county,
bnt, inasmuch as their distribution is along the entire Lower
marl belt of New Jersey, it was impossible to assign any locality
with certainty. Fortunately duplicates of these doubtful locality
fossils were found, so that they were removed from the cases
without impairing the number of species previously represented.
In fact, new species were added by a re-sorting and separation
of material. A number of Upper Cretaceous leaves from the
Dakota sandstone, found stowed away in cases below, were labeled
and put on exhibition. These beautiful leaf impressions, so won-
derfully preserved in a rather coarse sandstone, are practically the
only forms which we have illustrating the Dakota group of
America. The revision of the Cretaceous collection was made in
accordance with the late work of Prof. W. B. Clarke and myself
on the greensand series of New Jersey. With the exception of the
Matawan, we have now representative specimens and fossils from
each horizon of the series.

The Raritan formation is almost without fossils, and, since litho-
logic specimens have little value in a paleontologic collection, we
can not well represent this formation. The Matawan fossils are,
however, very abundant and easily obtained.

The Tertiary collection is much larger. Many of these fossils,
especially the Miocene forms, came from the Smithsonian institution,
and were in many instances labeled in the original handwriting of
the celebrated American paleontologist, F. B. Meek. It was in-
tended to save all of these original labels, but unfortunately most
of them were destroyed.

While the Tertiary collection, as a whole, is large and includes
specimens from a number of localities in each horizon, the most
needful addition is in the Miocene Gasteropoda, of which the

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r37

museum has only a few forms. The great abundance of Miocene
Mollusca along the middle Atlantic slope, which are so remarkably
preserved, should be a sufficient cause for enlarging this collection.

Such material as desired could probably be secured by exchange
of paieozoic fossils from New York with the large collections to be
found in many of the southern institutions. Excellent material is
in this way added annually to the Johns Hopkins university col-
lections, and the expense of obtaining it reduced to a minimum.

The work of revising and arranging the British Tertiary was
completed in December. Al! of the specimens in the museum
which were relabeled were remounted on blocks, they being covered
over with pinkish paper, such as was used in the synoptic mineral
and rock collections. The British collection is of interest because it
was given in the year 1858 by the renowned English geologist, Sir
Roderick Murchison, who at that time was at the head of the
geological survey of Great Britain.

The Eocene fossils from the Paris basin, France, were presented
to the museum in 1858 by W. C. Johnson, of Utica. The first two
weeks of January were spent in remounting and labeling this
superb collection. Scarcely any locality in the world exceeds the
“Paris basin” in the variety and wonderful preservation of fossi-
shells, and the museum is fortunate in having so good a representa-
tion of them. Where illustrations of the fossils could not be found,
I was obliged to accept the earlier determinations as correct. The
changes made in most cases contain the older syaonyms in paren-
thesis. All of these specimens came .from Daimery, France. The
collection of Tertiary fossils from Europe contains 337 different
species, which is just twice as many as our American Tertiary.

The Miocene is, however, wanting in Great Britain, and we have
no specimens from that horizon, though it is well developed on the
continent of Europe.

The task of relabeling the British Eocene and Oligocene was
simplified by the use of Prof. R. B. Newton’s report previously
mentioned.

The following specimens labeled as coming from the European
Kocene do not agree either with the horizon or the locality assigned
to them by Newton in his memoir.

r38

10

(Li

12

13

14

15

16

17

NEW YORK STATH MUSEUM

LOWER EOCENE

Astarte rugata Sow. Alum bay.

This, according to Newton, is A.rugatavar.subrugata Wood.
Cryptodon angulatum Sow. London.

Not given at all.

Corbula pisum Sow.
Not recorded from Alum bay but given Lower Eocene elsewhere.

Teredo antenautae Sow.
Not given from Whetstone.

Teredina personata (Lamarck)

Not given from Chapham.

Stenothyra parkinsoni Morris

Is given Woolwick beds.

MIDDLE EOCENE

Cyrena obovata Sow.

Not recorded from Middle Eocene.
Neritina concava Sow.

Reported Oligocene only.

Planorbis oligyratus Hdw.

Oligocene, not Middle Eocene, no locality on specimen.

UPPER EOCENE

Axinaea deleta (Solander)
Not reported from Hordwell.
Nucula dixoni Wood
Given only Middle Eocene.
Protocardium semigranulatum Sow.
Considered by Newton Lower Eocene only.
Meretrix (Cytherea) obliqua (Desh.)
Not reported from Upper Eocene. As this determination seems correct
there is probably some mistake about the locality.
Psammotaea compressa Sow.
Middle Eocene only.
Potamides ventricosus Sow.
Not recorded from Bagshot.
Neritina glandulata Sandberger
Not recorded at all.
Planorbis euomphalus Sow.
Reported Oligocene only.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r39

The latter part of January was spent in the revision of the
Cretaceous fossils from Great Britain. After this was completed
the Jurassic fossils were relabeled and arranged, and, as this division
was so large and the number of species so great, nearly the entire
month of February was spent in this task. A recently purchased.
collection of Tertiary shells from a deep well boring at Galveston
Tex., was put in gilass-covered boxes, which were filled with black.
cotton for a background. This method of mounting was necessary
on account of the small size of the shells, which were too mimute
to be seen distinctly in any other way.

The work of relabeling the European collection was continued
during March and completed as far as the Upper Carboniferous or
coal measures. A large number of. plants from the coal fields of
Enzland were unlabeled, and many of these were determined and
labeled. The authority for this work was the Catalogue of the
paleozoic plants in the department of geology and paleontology,
British museum, by Robert Kidston, a work which appeared in
1886. In the revision of the British collection of fossiis, the im-
portant memoirs published by the Paleontographical society made
the task comparatively simple. Many other reports were consulted,
such as Agassiz’s Povssons fossiles, Phillips’s Geology. of York-
shire, Brogniart’s Histoire de vegetables fossiles, Lesquereux’s Coal
flora of the Carboniferous formation in Pennsylvania, Fontaine
and White, Permian or Upper Carboniferous flora, and mono-
graphs by English specialists on the brachiopods, echinoderms and
mollusea.

It is believed that the collections, as far as studied, relabeled anc
remounted, are thoroughly up to date, and will not require at any
future time any farther study. The different divisions of the
formations have been kept separate, and the proper stage name
placed at the head of each division in large black letters.. The
labels are all lettered in waterproof india ink on pearl colored card
labels, and are a great improvement over the former finely written
labels, all becoming indistinct and fading with age. This alone is
worth a good deal, and the names of the specimens can now be read
at a glance at some distance away.

I wish to thank the director, Dr F. J. H. Merrill, for his kind .
assistance and his help in securing everything needful for my work,

r40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

and trust that the results will prove in every way satisfactory. A
catalogue of the species and number of specimens and their localities
was typewritten. In addition to this laborious task, a synopsis of
all the genera and species of fossils contained in the whole musenm
has been made out together with the number of specimens in each
case. The results of this synopsis show that there are in the
museum at the present time a total of 3490 American and European
species, represented by 12,220 specimens. ‘This is a very large and
valuable collection, worthy of careful study by all interested in
paleontology.

Trusting that it may be possible to finish this work at a later
time, and thanking the director for his kindness in making this
revision possible, I remain

Respectfully yours
Reurus M. Bace ur

CATALOGUE
American
( Dakota sandstone; Raritan clays
! Monmouth formation: Lower or Navesink Marlbed
en sa 1 UPD OF 7 Raneoeas formation or Middl Marea
{ l Manasquan formation or Upper Marlbed of N. J.
Eocene
Miocene
Phosphate beds and western formations of Tertiary age.
Pleistocene
Cretaceous
Upper
Angiosperms DAKOTA
Viburnum :rebustum esq: \.2 oe 23222 oe t ase oe Dakota sandstone, Kan.
Sassafras cretaceum Newb......- Saoceensee | ee “f
S. acutilobum-Lesg. ~~ 22, J2s22s)5556 1 Eee ees a
Greviopsis hayden! Lig:s. ys iee ee te ee a
Populus kansasensis esq, 22222-2225 stccee : ages Ro _
Tex dakotensis. Lesgss 202285. es ee j Pen ee ny
Avalia sapertanea Lesq..-.--...--------=-- | eee o
Hedera orbienlatasiieag: 2s oe a ee oe | ese "A
Diospyros rotundifera Lesq.....-..--.---- : ee
Sterculia snowii Lesy. -..22- 2-006 2ce wae i Pe Sey e
Rhamnus inaequilateralis Lesg.......---.- thes oe 22
ae apicnlatus. Lesqscsscs ies sine nasy Ai ee wes -
Betulites flabelliformis Lesg.......-.-...--- j PS, eee se
B. vesti, var, obinsa.<<-.-5. 2-24-0 ASS ae

B. VESb Var. latifolia. s.cc< poser ee c ge N et Sie “ed

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r41

MONMOUTH FORMATION AND VARIOUS SOURCES

’ Brachiopoda
Terebratella plicata Say...-.-.----.+-- eee Marlboro N. J.
Lamellibranchiata ;
ODS ESIGN gai 77 ol 2 Ea ne ed el ae pe MarJboro N. J.
oO. LEW ged 011i (Tie 2 Ss RNS ee eee 5 et eos Prairie bluff Ala.
0. cretacea Morton....-....--..----- 5 ae Marlboro N. J.
OF eretagean Morten. 2.65 1. oo Gnife bacon Passim Ala.
0. i Pal@sEeeus rocks. ses.) 2245-5 ~< mass.... Between Sheep mountain
and range west
Pimooeyra COSib0a Si. -- 05-2. --n,~omese Gaeta Marlboro N. J.
E. CSA SOY a.) 6o Bae esate ed ceinls j aes eceeeae near Austin Tex.
E. Spastdden SUYao bs one) P eG. So ier e Prairie bluff Ala.
Gryphaea vesicularis Lam.......-...----- 1 Ie eee oh
Ge WEsiGularis Hat. 52223 «25255 Gee Rees Marlboro N. J.
G. ee ents ate ll hale aioe vicin ve eA RELIES Texas
yrena dakotensis M. fH... .--.-. ....<- A, 2S Missouri river Dak.
Dianchora echinata Morton ....--...----. Drees Navesink mar] bed N. J.
Inoceramus problematicus Schloth......--- 2.....--. Laramie plains
Bunepsis parvula iM. J H-.-....--.------ mass..... Yellowstone river
Protocardia subquadrata LE. fg H......-.-.. Mass... =. “
toe LED SST RTO Rs gh 7 ORE e ee pene apg mene ee Milk river Mo.
Idonearea antrosa (Morton) -.........----. Peevccke. Arneytown N. J.
Cephalopoda
Baculites compressus Say.-.....---..------ OR Sage creek Dak.
B. COMMBTESSUS SAY i_-2 ose. Sb on S2 = 2......-.'5 miles E. Rock creek
B. compressus Say (section)...----.. 4 eet pe Fox hills S. D.
B. RAGES SU Oct oe Seis oe Semele cin See peg abs oar Navesink marl bed N. J.
B. LYSIS ee = ee oe dene ee Missouri river Dak.
B. OTE RI TAST TS 71 (Re es a ee ec rl alles aie ties Arneytown N. J.
B. grandis H. § M..... eS eee ae pia uy te ea Big Cheyenne river Dak.
5. amenicana Moris... Sere co soo Ss. Were cea Holmdel N. J.
Phragmacone of B. americana Mort........ 1 gph ee ome Navesink marl bed N. J.
Belemnitella americana Mort. .........-... Beas 8 rg Marlboro N. J.
b. americana Mort. ...--.-.---. Seapets APMeY COWEN. he
Scaphites nodosus var. brevis Meek ....-.. 3 ae Converse co. Wy.
Placenticeras placenta DeKay ...--...-... Mees ote S Deadwood S. D.
tan placenta DeKay ......:- Patera wae men ae ets Sage creek Dak.
P. placenta DeKay (sections) -. 2...---.. Northwest U. S.
Bieupiius dekayl Mort... ..lvsseeeescee Titans Sas Fox hills 8. D.
Reptilia
Seamer MEEVeDEAG to. .).. 56 tna oe cose ee Bad river Dak.
SPRUE AIT VECTCDEAC csc cte jin s<ce weoads ea ncce Fae ae Laramie plains

RANCOCAS FORMATION
Hexacoralla a

Anthophyllum atlanticum Mort............ eaten her New Jersey

r42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Echinodermata
Trematopygus crucifer (Mort.) ..--....---- p Pages ae Gloucester co. N. J.
Vermes
Vermetus rotala: Mort..2 ses. ee oe eee begin Blackwood N. J.
Bryozoa
Flustra in. imeéstone> 2 -2es- oa. Sse om mass ..-. Timber creek N. J.
Eschara; digitata’ Mort: 252052272 seca mass and
fragments Blackwood N. J.
Brachiopoda
Terebratula harlani Mort. ...--...--.-.---- 11....... New Egypt N. J.
i be harlant Moré ces e2 se Baeee ane New Jersey
Lamellibranchiata
Gryphaeostrea vomer Mort. -..-.---.----- aes oe New Egypt N. J.
Gryphaea vesicularis Lam. ..------+..---. Oe Wak 3G Blue Ball N. J.
Idonearca medians Whiif, 2... .-.--- «<< As Nels oi Pemberton N. J.
Teredo tibialis: Mortis: 0.222 ee eee ee Blackwood N. J.
Greensand. ¢i.cs5).c 2c. cee os Zee ee ese ce eee Sewell marl bed N. J.
MANASQUAN FORMATION
Hexacoralla
Trochosmilia conoides G. § H....-- iene cose Ber eeecist Squankum N. J.
Lamellibranchiata
Ostrea glandiforiis Wenigf. 2. 4 es a ees Squankum N. J.
Idonearca compressirostra Whitf. ----..---5 Te-es-22- New Jersey
Caryatis yeta WV hits = 22. 3. 25 2s ee Sena Shark river N. J.
Vertebrata. Squalidae
Galeocerdo pristodontus Agas. .--.-..----- p ten ta S.C:
Shark tooth and young Exogyra ..-.--..... well-bor-
ENE. aes et ae
Hocene
Echinodermata
Seutoella atlantiea 222020. 200 seat aces de eee Georgia
Scutella in buhrstone..~22....5---- soe eeeer 1 Rete aties se
Lamellibranchiata
Ostrea compressirostra Say ........--.---- Gin sscthee Coggius point Va.
O. sellacforuvis Con. scs2. 2558 Sse AS ssa Claiborne Ala.
OF panda”: Mort...2. 7. oe tPo2oee wee ee eS ie = Clarksville Ala.
Cucullaea pigantea Con, .3--c2--<cLo.se-5= PP Fort Washington Md.
Anomia ephippioides Say.....-..----.---- Ssigteece Wheelock Tex.
Cardita britteni Whitf.. 7... 22.22 5202 ee eee Shark river N. J.
C. peranbiqua Con... 25.2ieeesereers Lie. ‘s

C; alticostata Com. 2. c\c0 view vbue toes Mee ceaeee CLAMORhiesnae

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898

emg ats OVALS. WRT e oss owan se coSeeee, Onda Smale
Venericardia planicosta Lam. ..-.-------- jes
V. transversa Lea. .- B Era eee
Corbnia nasutoides Whitf.. os. .s2. 2-56 ee 5 Eee ee
C. OHISCH TOO E Sem sino coed onao oes See weet
C. texana Gabb See sates
iaema pandata Conn 2... --.- +. so sce BE ae oe
Meretrix (Cytherea) perovata (Con.)...--. 3....----
M.

miniveatana alharia (Con.) os... -.25 25 ses5 ess ose5

Gasteropoda

Urepidula tirata Con. .--.-.-.-.--+------- 3
Ramee MOUTON CON: Os. 5- 4 con sock eoee, Veaies ceed
es MUSEU OO: ee oes kD Loe. Omens
aes
‘EY

Rie etise cana sses bnatte Soe.

mortoni Con. .-
SATU G POUL eet Ps aoa aoe ated aa La cd see's
PEeEetmicewihis OO.) c1-- -stos-~--s'- s--- eee e LL.ece se
Demme uniCens CON. = >.-2 222. 242-625. 2250. Ose col ee
Sineeateamonsis, Con... 222 225255 2-52 -5--.°22-
Mesalia elongata Whitf...-.--

Volutolithes symmetrica Con. .....-----... 4....

Se RE I ie See wera

¥. Saya Oona see soe” 20.) SOE: cae
wayporopnorus velatus Con. ...4---2-.--.- U...-- 600
- Pseudoliva perspecta Con, ....---.---..--- Drips Seep es
P. Gamitich bay OO osc ane seal < = stele eee ciasis acto
Eicurotoma lesuctril Lea ......-.-'----+--. 8 eee
PPePeanGs Gal) 2225 25s .2c ace. ec 15.2222
Bitten perspecta, Whitf....----+----- »-.--- Dee es
ee pstere Pe nea aoe wo 4 ele. wo sicee dL pee aes
Pugs pleuricostata Whitf. 2222 ..c22.5--- there Oe
asriolivia hercules: Whitf, [--22 022-55 2-2. 4.552.224
Vertebrata. Squalidae
Lamna elegans Agas. ..--....-- ee ee 1s ee
LWP EOMIpessa AGAésmiacceaseees Bis bos so
i euspidata ‘A gas, 32 seae snogectse os ies cites
Li Pret: A gaa. seer te leerare alae 2 5 eee
PrGdonha antiquus |Agas. .....-+....----+. pee
Pristis sp...-.. fra rments yon ceeee eset ee 3 ae pan ee
Galeocerdo, latidens Agas. '...--..-.--..... fanaa Do hd
Carcharodon megalodon Agas. .......----- dai, Muaee es
C. MECAMOROO -AGASs. Hoate eens Poway. Soe
C. ancustidens: Agas. .-24 2.20. fies eyes, fone
C. polyeyrus’ Agas., 3-2. 520. san6 Dhar ie, Ene
C. produetus Agas. .<-s.. 2-5-6. Peel 3 Sis

Shatin te ODMOLES AGMS! Ss. fe once ee come See eden we

Shark river N. J.
Wheelock Tex.
Claiborne Ala.
Shark river N. J.
laiborne Ala.
Wheelock Tex.
Claiborne Ala.

(73

(Cytherea) aequora Con. .-.-.---. 6..-..-.. Bells Landing Ala.

Shark river N. J.

Claiborne Ala.
Aquia creek Va.
casts

East Virginia
Wheelock Tex.
Shark river N, J.
Claiborne Ala.
Wheelock Tex.
Claiborne Ala.
Shark river N. J.
Jackson Miss.
Shark river N. J.
Claiborne Ala.
Vicksburg Miss.
Wheelock Tex.

6¢

ee

Jackson Miss.
Shark river N. J.

ee

44 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Otodus-obliquus Agama. 255-2538 soeSe tee? God acess (CASES
Oxyrhina deésorit -Gibbes. 220. 62h see Goscee
Carcharodon megalodon (Agas.(.---c.ce cece, Doe oes casts
C. sulemMens'y 2223 2322 See ecee se 2oe sees CAStS
C heterodantitgas., ~- Sos. -2s se. | aS arte cast
Buhrstone: with fossys 22 se enee ae oe teees mass .... Georgia
Miocene
Hexacoralla
Madrepora palmata HE. gH. ..--..-.-.<--- 3 masses. James river Va.
M. pailtias fied spe Mee oO ae ee mass .... Edgecome co. N.C.
Bryozoa
Dry OZ0R Spi-ho chs tet ee ee. eee er 2 masses. James river Va.
Bryoz0a Sp.ie haat ee ton cae eres mass .-.. York river Va.
Lamellibranchiata
Ostrea disparilis (Con -Asec has oesee ceeaees Diath James river Va.
O. subialea te Cones. 5 jaca eet Sone a eer ee ee 8
O. seulpruratas Cowes 26: eee eee eee Spee genet, Coggins point Va.
Pecten madisonius Say. -..---2-.--- Sipitinte: Se eee eastern Virginia
P. madisonius Say 2.022. ao eae. Oke James river Va.
Fe jeitersomus Sayion oooh ae -- eee oe 3 rege ee out #:
PR: clintomius Saye --.2 25:2 Soe cee LO. eee me
ATOs Ineie Sadjex so eee se hs ae See See eae DES teach aie 2
Al “ cantenaria Say ise sees ie. ec tees Dicaewat os
A;> . centenartaySay = 22sec oie as ee Digi seren Coggins point Va.
A... (Sceapharea) idones, Cans so. % s2. sees Sao eee St Mary’s river Md.
Axinaéa subovatd (Say)rnssecen se sae ce sae 5 ae eet James river Va.
Astarte colient-:Con.. o..0 2 soe ce ecees i er S
A. undolataeSay. cet ease eee eae “
AS MnculatamSayee set encase Seite SS Bignitarawicee East Virginia
A. exaltata:- (Oonsi oot Do yacece =i ore ae, a
Crassatella mary landicea Con. 8s. eee os § fonone ses 5
C. und wha ta! Con. See oeee ae tee 2 axicine eh rf
C. undulata Con. = s--6 sthend ates ee hie ae James river Va.
C. Lr oid OO cote aks wee aweyO Seamee ee x
Carditamera protracta Con. .....--..---- oi Det ous: agekee ee :
Veuericardia granulata Say....----. Sega. Oe escoee York river Va.
wi granulata Say...------ deat Gi eu kee James river Va.
Vv. erauilata, Sis <2 25 seieeccoe Fee Coggins point Va.
Lucina anddontawSag 45> eceee ace eae ee Devsuceos James river Va.
L. anodonta Sey ..2-h5525 225 =oeee cee beeen Prince George co. Md.
Chama congregata -Con... osc. sce soeweee ee 9c suas Dinwiddie Va.
C. congrerata’ Con. 42.2 ce ees Somes 6.2 es James river Va.
C. eortieosa : Cont 2 .csecs oe nee Haovwes FG coceeeee Yorktown Va. & James
river

Venus rileyi Con, ° |... ea eee Soe ee eee Pa aa pe James river Va.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r45-

Wenus tridacnoides Con. .....--2...-2.-.. Pass seees James river Va.
V. tridacnoides Con: ..-... ... ----2-+ Deideicien’ Coggins point Va.
V. MOT CENATIG GLa is = ole Sonie spol ae Oi davaiaise York river Va.
Wh EOUPICA) COM a ae an oe coc oleae Sessa wees St Mary’s river Md.
Vis TA OLLOM ICON e ens s ooo 4 eine aren ard Sh ele epee re
Vv. alventasO@areseeces f-.cteslc ese ue ny aca oh:
Artemis acetabulum Con...-. ae ae eee Paani e. York river Va.
A. acebabulum: Con... 25 -.------.< Sine eae Ga Coggins point Va.
Mactra ponderosa Con. .---..-----..----- Bam iaaaea St Mary’s river Md.
Nacula. obliqua Say .:22---.---..---. ---- te Gee York river Va.
Giyenmerisretiexa (Say) .--.2..-.+.----. ee ee James river Va.
Meketasncr ila, 16d a. aca: sdewet ess cece Siieteini Sone eS
fy LSI 2 ae eg meres 10: cece ee Coggins point Va.
Gasteropoda
Dentalium attenuatum Say.....---...----- a ee oe York river Va.
Ee atbenuatum Say --2..2--.----2. Ase al ae St Mary’s river Md.
Crucibulum costatum Say..----.-.-----.-- ie ie
Mereprt simplex Cow,: ..---.---. s-L-..----- Sree +
Fusus (Neptunea) rusticus Con..-.-.-..----. Dies ss tase BS
rr: POM BICONn a esac ccisan oot Sls nec ec Ms tee o
Hissurella redimicula Say...--...=--.---- DE ee York river Va.
MametmMeros SMe oo ccs lose ll os ek lls ASR So
Echphora quadricostata Say...---..----. Di eorteate Wind mill point Md..
EK. quadrcostata: Say s.1-.-ss0.--. 1-5 2.8 . James river Va.
Sycotypus coronatus Con. ........-..----. gas ee St Mary’s river Md..
Murricella variabilis Con. .....-.2..+..26--: SRC ie Bs
T. Wet MIS: 0 Oi = scan). se2s- 2 soon dca setae James river Va.
£. MuNeosbata, Cot... 560s2 cones < ee ar aes = ; ie
di by PEA SOY 6 ks eine toate dcdce ne We Pogue Wind millpoint Md..
Trochus (Aiziphinus) mitchelli Con. -..... 1-=..---. James river Va.
Architectonica (Phillipia) trilineata Con... 1....-... Plum point Md.
Cirripedia
Bameinis: proteus Cov... 0.525 225. .ccc5d o4 ae 4mass&3 James river Va.
Plantae
eee ois 2s os ee Geo one ec ae Se tel WEES Shark river N. J.
Tertiary : western formations
Plantae
METEOR OOO sin ne. 2 = =-0\e scinechanan anne || Sk Bere Wolf mountains Mont.
Wont (haiemite) .2. +. ..--0. pm ee baa ee (RS eee Disco Greenland
rege he eae ad CoS So aeee waiel seamen Hela Carbon Wy.
Coal: (Lienite)..---. -=-- SIE Ee Re Pegs55e04 Yellowstone river
rmemetn WOOG 7 - oa elas s0. 5 - ne scacicn made | ere ee Cedar creek Mont.
SICHIEOLWOOG s2 etc ses cnie’ssenne Joeeee anne Ph a i Pa Grand river Dak.
IGS MTUS WAIN nroete eae oan icine. qeielnion ween ete tate Columbia river

SETS) OTC RE ne ee ae mead Mommie eke g Cliffs of Benton

r46 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Sandstone with leaf impressions.....-..... 1....- .-- Carbon Wy.
Bone fragments and limestone ....---.-... 11....... Well, Antelope sta:

Tertiary: phosphate beds S. C.
Vertebrata: miscellaneous
Bone fragments 19, Cetacean vertebrae.... 5......-. Cetacean otolith 1, C.
Coprolite Buck chornele2hys eee eee eee, pee eee

Vertebrata: Squalidae

Carcharodon angustidens 4gas: co. ..-2-6. (222 -o-- Wando and Parrott creeks
C. anoustidens Ags.) oceca= == Oaeanieees
C. meecglOdonyAggss -eilw So tees se Oke stee se
C. fELOX EMMONS Ss = seas oe eee ee ae etree
Lamna ‘elecans 2490s. sos. ie die coe eee eee Ree, Wando and Parrott creeks
Galeocerdo aduncus Agas.*.--- ---- -2-6 Sone | Se ama ys i
G. contortus Gi0bves oA. << sot Pacem aes id
Oxyrhina ‘desoriiGobes! es soa sdee ee ei aia et es
Hemi pristis S6rra Ag@sng sce ects a Seniesa WO nee
Shark tecth miscellaneous: 2222 o2—clepe ee os ll oe ain ta
Vertebiae:2= 2: bet. ces 8-2 Seep aioe ee O22 22226. Wando
Elliptonodon compressus Hmmons.?....... 1....-.--
Pleistocene

Brachiopoda
Rhynchonella prittacea Gmel. ....----.--. Gree wceee Champlain valley

Lamellibranchiata
My tilusiedulis 2ijin pase ee ne lees of ae ee Champlain valley
Pecten islandicus Miiller..-2...2---. .=---- apg ae Ee Lake Champlain
Saxicava arches Winwias. wa sac & eee i Peeper ge Champlain valley
Mya truneatawannn nn oc once soe eeee yes” re
Guathodon cuneatus Gray .-- 22... cc. Pa oa . South Carolina
Area transyersa Sey .. 22/3052 26 cient sence e pe ae Cuba
Lucina edentils Lait. <2 52) sete ne wee ane A eee ee “
Venus latilirataiOos i. w2 ee eee eran a Spat ft a
Lamellibranchiata, undetermined.......... 5 eee ee

Gasteropoda
Chrysodomus despecius Linn. ...2----.2--- Li--«---- Champlain valley
Buccinum eiiatamelaurne ses aee woo ae 1 Wages Sel oN
iB: cyaneam {Br Uigs .jecense se eee ML ete .
B. rlacialedTAnn (cee. cokenoe eas ae Oe eaeeeer oy
Scala (Acirsa) costulata Mighels .......--- 5 A eA t- oi
Natica clausa Brod! § Sow ..--..-s-.=- «= CN ee iW
Natica cavrenaslam./o-tc2s. 2. ose eeees ares Lees Cuba
Natica lactea Gitlds. soo Uyeesece pase coe d WS ps “
Bpllavap 2 2 Le oo. Ree eee ee cee eee Oe eee RS
Strouibus:pugilis Linn. \2. soon eee 2 ewaieaem eK
Gasteropoda, undetermined....-.......... ME Soe i

Cirripedia .
Balanus wiser..c.- 2" 222.52 sen eeeoe ses oe 2 cetasnes Champlain valley

a3

Balanus Spt... 2522. 222 ne. thse se ee eee eee Accs wees

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 . r47

CATALOGUE
OF -
Collection of European fossils presented to the New York
state museum by Sir Roderick Murchison in 1857

CLASSIFICATION OF STRATA
( Lower

Lias? Middle
( (Upper
| Inferior oolite
| Fullers’ earth
Great oolite
| Forest marble
d Cornbrash
Oxford clay
Coral-rag
' Kimeridge clay
| Portland oolite
l Purbeck
Wealden
Lower greensand
| pf Gault
| Upper greensand
Cretaceous, Upper{ Chloritic marl
i Lower chalk
L | Upper chalk
( Eocene
Tertiary .. ‘ ‘Oligocene
i Pliocene
Pleistocene

Jurassic...

( Lower <

a

List OF FOSSILS
Jurassic. England

Lower Lias

Echinodermata

pea MIMIMUM A GAS. oo. feet ce seen we Danone ono Cheltenham
Brachiopoda

Rhynchonella calcicosta Quenstedt .....-.. Fag gears Ae Stonehouse

Bao moorei Davidson....-------- Be pe -- Gloucestershire
Lamellibranchiata .

Ostrea liassica Strickl. ....-.-.------------ Bovis boe5 Bristol

O. Preveunewla SOW. .\. ... maeatsemaace 7s A eee Chipping Camden

Grapes tcurya: Sow: -.. 12. sccsoiase cane 1 eee ee Bristol

G. eymbium Lamarck .....=---/--- 12....... England

Lima pectinoides Sow........-..---.-----. mass -... Chipping Camden

L. PUN CHala SIs toe? Le oz5 ls. bade oe ewe kee aa meele Saltford

L: PARAM GE DONE states 5 o's wai ean Sad Soars sons Frethern and Bristol

Pecten and Lima pectinoides Sow .....-... 2 masses. Chipping Camden

r48 NEW YORK STATPR MUSEUM

Avyicnla inaequivalvis Sew: s,s. eee eee Bristol
Crenulata.ventricosa ?.--2 sek a eee [eas Chipping Camden
Arca truncata Buckim. ¢ Schenk eee eee Baan ieee ss
A. Clongata uchm. 222 io. Sane eos eo eae es
Phicatala anterstriata <2 23 eae cee ee Loti - salbtierd.
Modiola minima. Sow- 22252 see eet Hen eh eee Saltford
Cuenllaea sp %..245 22 eee ete eee ee A iperigl ae Bristol
Myacites unionides Wocmenr:: seo = ster eaerie eee eee Chipping Camden
Myacites sp ?)..2c.Sece¢ 22s eeSh Sot eee om eeeeeee Bristol
Goniomya litera tatSowi tess ee a oe eee eee eee Chipping Camden
Cardinia lanceolata Stutchbury.--...:..--- 3..-.---- Gloucester
cr Lister Sion) eae eee ee 1..,.--.. Bishport
C. attenuata (Stuich.) ....---2.--<-- j Pe ato Stow-on-Wold
Cardimim, 2.22 5 25 Vaasa ecg aes ean ren se eee 3: bab.se> BEIStol
C. Leuncatun Sow \sno~ 8 <2. oe cote 7 & mass Chipping Camden
Naiadites acuminatum Buckm ..........-- 1 & mass Bristol
Gasteropoda
Pleurotomaria anglica Sow...---.---..---.- 1 paras ty Bristol
Cephalopoda
Belemnites acutus Miller ..........--.---. 7--.---.- Bristoland Cheltenham
iB: pistilliformis Sow. :2scsse soe on sae Cheltenham
Amaltheus oxynotus Quenstedt......-..---. 5. s..cecs Cheltenham
Aegoceras angulatum Schlotheim. .-...----- . ee Kegnoham and Denbury
hill
A. ATMAtoM SOW eee caee cee se foes s ac ayame
A. planicestum Sew -- os. 2.<=6 2. 52e- cea se ae Chipping Camden and
Lyme
ma. carusense @ Orb.c. 2203 ---te5 . === We ces: as LOBED OHSS
Arietes bueklandi-Sow,.. 2.257 22 aces eee he ie ape Germany
A. stellaris {Sows cc52 tock oteceee 1 pe eS Yorkshire
A. obtnsus Sows. so Sle (eee Nee 5oe ee England
A. PAriGantabUs WiClen So ape ae nen Lis seo Vorkshire
Vertebrata
Tehthyosaurus platydon Con. ...--...------ ds )ooe oe Ey TS
Ichthyosaurus vertebrae and teeth, etc --.. 8..-.....
Ichthyodorulites dorsetiensis Buch.....--. 1---..---
Middle Lias
Echinodermata
Ophioderma edgertoni Broderip ...--.---. 1 Lyme Regis
Brachiopoda
Tanrula beanii Phillipe 7. 2222225 432s bss etenes Stinchcomb
Terebratula punctata Sow. ......---------- Laas wate S. of Paulton
Rhynchonella tetrahedra Sow.........---- 4.-.cccce Yeovil
R. variabilis Schlotheim ....---- 5 ea Radstock

Spiriferina waleotti Sow...........--..---- Ao eae ie

- REPORT OF THD DIRBEOTOR 1898 r49

Lamellibranchiata and Gasteropoda

Bama ACGuLy al VIS! SGU 5-9-5 .4-cuc)-5-s5elenne de ela oe Gloucestershire

Avicula cygnipes Phillips .........--.. .2-- Revgaucc . England

As novemcostae Brown. ...----------- Ticpe cant Gloucestershire

Pecten demissus Phillips........---..----- fe inter le oe

Area truncata Buckman .....-..---------+- pgs ne Nibley Green

PEMERE DS Go Sele niases haw eo aeveceics oa 2 = eee Stow-on-Wold

Cardinia listeri var. hybrida Stutch. ...... mass & 1 Bridgend

Samia fruncatnmy Sow... 2. = ..456 .<-2ss saat Nibley Green and York-

shire

Unicardium cardioides Phil. -..-1--..----- Pes oenad Gloucestershire

Myacites rotundatus Sow........-.-...---- oh SE ean Radstock

M. unionides ‘Roemer... ....2--. -.--20 Tee Sethe Gloucestershire

Pleurotomaria anglica Sow. ......--~.+--2. 2..---.-- Paulton

iB: SXPansSa SOU acacia cece one ee ei Radstock
Cephalopoda

Depemmites: DruCWlerll. <2. 2.2... .65-. ---- Ghtsea- Dorset

Aegoceras capricornum Schlotheim.....---- Pie a SUED England

Amaltheus spinatus Brug. ......-.02s0-00. 2..sccees Gloucestershire

Harpoceras nitescente Young § Bird...... 1........ Yorkshire

Upper Lias

Lamellibranchiata
MBA ATOM (SOW. ): toi eae ces ces ws te wees eee ae ae Whitby
Cephalopoda
Belemnites compressus Voltz ....-...-.--- Gyo aece wa Dorset
Nautilus truncatus Sow.........---...0--- 1 hs fale) ae England
Ammonites nodosus Sow... ..---.---------- ens ote England
Harpoceras bifronte Brug. ....-....--.--. 5...--.-- Yorkshire Alham
Harpoceras serpentinum Rein. ..-.-. Shopees eee mea Stincbcomb and Yorkshire
Harpoceras striatulum Sow...--.......---- HON ae Dorset and Sanford
POLIS RUBEN INS oriole yes clan an’ alee casas aoc) Leica cigeen Yorkshire
Stephanoceras commune Sow......--.....-- Duceeecae Lowth and Yorkshire
Stephanoceras annulatum Sow............. see teres AJham and England
Inferior oolite
Hexacoralla |
ob ECTS 072 et gg ee 8 ele a Dr hslnteeate Upton
Thamnastrea walcotti? Duncan.......---- eae aoe Dundry
Echinoidea
Acrosalenia spinosa Agas. ....-..----.---- Soden cos Bath
Stomechinus perlatus Desm. .......--.---- Tey Sear - Cheltenham
Holeetypus depressus Leske.....-.---...-- ee ee ea os Fromand Road
ia hemisphericus. Agas. ..2.-2 ence 2once cae Burton Bradstock

Pygastersemisuleatus Phil. ...---. -seecee Sacee ose Cheltenham

r50 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Clypens plop Allein sakes. cease uae 1 Ske - Cheltenham

Pygurus michelini Cotteau ......---- .----- a es Cornbrash Road

Collyrites ringens/Agas. ce that eee Burton Bradstock

Pseudodiadema depressum (easy: SiN Alera ho A SS Cheltenham
Brachiopoda

Waldheimia carinata Lam. .....-.2.--.5.. 45o00 220 Miserden

W. ornithocephala Sow.........-- ace aoe Egford

Terebratula perovalis Sow.............---- Gasecckes Cheltenham

Ne clonaba SOW sn. et ee eee ee Oo ateee BS

4 fimbria Sows s22-25 eee. See ae Se Cotteswolds

db sphaeroidalis Sow. ........--.- aE APS Dorset

a: Maxillata Saws 22-525 weoe serene Bese ate Pen hill

R. philips; Mori toe. tseeocsece Beer Sherborne

Rhynchonella subtetrahedra Dav. ..---..-. 1....---. Dundry

R spinosa Schloth, ...---.----- ee as Stroud

R. Varians, of 6Si-nns oe Tent fos Whatley

R obsoleta Sow..---. .<-... --.- Arete oe Stroud

R anowlataiGS0t0;),.\ sores cece Ossie. Stanley hill
Lamellibranchiata

Ostrea acuminata Sow 222.2... 25-5 ane cece mass and 3 Upton

Ostrea. spl ib.os Sao wet otc ee chee 1 ee Dundry

Pesten lens Sow... 2 jack coos shoe, ee oe 1........ Cheltenham

Lima “bellula Dyesg: Mon. 222. eases cea gee Ss Dundry

L. pectiniformis Schloth. ..........---- DP wistaies Cheltenham

L. duplicata Soma: cae se doce sae cs cces Dicamte techs Stanley hill

i wibbosa Sows -s cece we tec ae eee oe fs ans Stroud

A vicula costata Sows jee ste s eee ce esas Bs cia Oe ene a

Modiola gibbosa Sow. ....--..--22-----<--- Dien nce ae Whatley

M. plicabAasQOw. seat eee aan ene Speake Stanley hill

Trigonia sculptaw yy C1. (aden) ou ae slo oes aoe eee England

dbs costata Sows cancs-c a taeb se clcns Biss Dee s Cheltenham

Cardium striatulum Sow ...-.....-2--.---- a es Ses Hadspen

Astarte: obliqua Desh. 22-2 -<.22-2s-. ee ess Fivcteeein Burton cliff

A. Oxcuvatsa Sew; .--st sho cee et one db Sacce ee Bradford Abbas

A. recondita, CPhila).- sto a hha: eee 1 [ee eee Stroud

A. elegans Swi. .cace ese ee acta Leelee Dundry

Myoconcha, crassa S00) piece ncistneeaeeeee aca eeee g

Pholadomya ambigua Sow..-..-...----.---- J oohieules Cheltenham

P. fdicn aos cae es bat eee Decent Porchester hill and Dundry

iP. producta Saw.jic-sces de ccte anes f Weert, Ironbridge

Ee. murchisoniae Sow....---.---- ihe EY Cheltenbar

Ceromya striata Sow. 22208 222. eeee oe eee 5 Ae ae he Dundry

Myacites decurtatus Phils cs oe ese eercene Sites Aa ae Loders and Stroud

M. securiformis Phil. ....---------- Deviate tielee Burton Bradstock

M. a600atHS Bil. oc. cos toe aeeiee es | Stroud

Gresslya peresrina, PRU. done cones Hehe es ORE eee. Greenland

SLANRUTOGIA SP fo onjcSoon ccc ee ten ceeee ee ee 1 he Se Stroud

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 bbl

Gasteropoda
Spinigera longispina Deslon......-...---. 1-......- Dundry
PEroulnms OISerbuseP hil. ote es else nes dee Tee cil ade <
—. guplicatus Some coll ete Be Smokenham
Pleurotomaria granulata Sow...-....----. Dee Lee Bridport harbor
Chemnitzia lineata Sow-.-...-.---..----- Pe eae Burton cliff
Meieanadducta (Pitine ae. =o oe el owt oo a ees © Dundry
Cephalopoda
Belommites-elliptieus Miller..-...-1-.--.< 6.. 2.222. Dundry and Compton
B. jpmlammvilliissOlie st.) 3c. nu pte ena -- Dorset.
B. BME THUS AOE EM. cae axis eoes) Ben was cin a
B. abbreviatus Miller ...-...---- Die eter ite Camdown
PIIINES! SI) t= <n wisinn- eee at nse eo Se. Bay peel 2 ae Dundry
A COURMEA GUS o26 cours l. 5 Ga carce hs p Venere ce
A MeviusenlMs SOW oso ces ssc. Les taccnn ng
A. compactus -.--...---.. taster PF Were Ses Pe fe
A DLOCCHII Sows: =... <2 .'--25-- bea eel 6g
A. SOWELDYT MTF. 2.2 aaleo Sajciene ee ots cen se
Stephanoceras humphriesianum Sow...... We oes ec o
Harpoceras concavum Sow...--...----.--- 1...----- Yeovil
lal murechisonum Sow....---..--- Acosta Dorset
Strophodus magnus Agas........-.--- se0- Penedocen Potton
Fullers’ earth
Brachiopoda
Terebratula globata Sow. ...--.-....----- Aer Hawkesbury, Upton
Waldheimia ornithocephala Sow. ....-.... 5........ Maperton
Rhynchonella varians Schloth. .......---. 6....---- Lamyatt beacon
R. concinna Sow. ..----.------ AES ee Cheltenham
Lamellibranchiata
Osires acaminati Sow..:-..5. 22.25. .-500. He ea ey nee Bath
Modiolacibbosa Sow. .- 2.223 .0lss0¢----- Se ete ae Radstock and Orchardleigh
Cephalopoda

Belemnites suleatus Miller............... 4........ Pendomer

Great oolite

Hexacoralla

Anabacia orbulites ZH. §- H........ ..---. Poovey soi Bath

Isastrea limitata Lamowroux ...---..--2-. 9 Ca ee Minchinhampton
Crinoidea

Apiocrinus parkinsoni (Schloth.)......... 1....cee. Bradford

rd2 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM
Vermes
Serpula lacerata PAG? 2. ......'s.--<5 none mass..... Bath
Brachiopoda |
Waldheimia digona Sow. ..........-......- SRG Ss Gloucestershire
Rbynchonella furcillata (Theodori) ........ eweosee Bradford
R. concinna Sow... <-.-...<2-.. Rewer Sapperton
Lamellibranchiata
Ostrea sowerbyi Lyc. § Mor. ...--..---.--- BSc oe Sharnbrook and Minchin-
hampton
Ostrea marshit-sSow 8 ce. 225. os ee iS Seine Bath
Mytilus binfieldi Lyc. § Mor......-...--.- ee Sa Minchinhampton
Modiola solenoides var. subreniformis (Lye.
GF Mer eS ance none eee tleees Meee ee eee Minchinhampton
Pecton vagany ewsoes oA cece eel ee eee
a annulatus Sew, 0.5 <ccue teasers ; Neder es
Ee: lens OW. Sah so. Che eee eee Rees Minchinhampton
Avieula echinata Sow... 2.2<~26 soesctck coe <a soe Southwick
Lima duplitata, Seb... =. -| 3" Socket Bath
L.:_:: cardiifermis yc. J Mor...-..-2- oo Ace
Limopsis oolitica (@’ Arch.) .....-..---.---. l.-..-,-.. Corsham
Placunopsis socialis Lyc. § Mor.......---. 1-...---. Minchinhampton
Cucullaea cucullata Goldfuss ......-..-.-. tears = a -
C. eoncinna “Lge. Ff Mor. 295-2 F a Bath
Astarte pumila: Sow. 2-250 S2 oo eee eaen hanes oe Minchinhampton
A. rustica (Walton MSS.) Lyc. § Mor.. 1........ Corsham
Opis tnnolatus: (Sew,) 22255. 2 2S. =. eae « Mesfin S ok Minchinhampton
Gervillia monotis Deslong. ....-...---..--- Dime hee “2
Isocardia minima Sow. .... -.-. e226 e<-2 «=< : ease -- Bath
Unicardium varicosum (Sow.)..--.---.---- 1.......-. Minchinhampton
Trigonia ‘costata var. pullus- 22..c2.0..-.... Loe.
We Gnpliegan Pow. <n Ses te ce oe eee o
Tancredia similis ( VhiteavesMSS.) L. § M. 1.....2.. 3
a qxinitormin (PRMk) oo <0 Sots eee ae “4
Ts Sipnoss Lye... ¢ OK, sare ens w ocean Seege ee “
Wt brevis fe. Gf Moti 0. so eek” Fe coe ar
Sphaera (Corbis) madridi (d@ Arch.)....... 1........ a2
Gasteropoda
Patella aubentonensis d@’Arch......-....-. tg Minchinhampton
Chemnitzia phasianoides Lyc. & Mor.....-.. | ey a ° =
Cylindrites acutus (Sow.)................ j EE es “4
Trochus spiratus d@’ Arch. ...-...----. ------ DNase > Bath
Trochotoma conuloides Desl......-....---. tS = eae s
Vertebrata
Hyhowan,. 6 22-/eses ss Ma anne eee eee Sd EES England

Xiphias ...--..--- _ RETR EE is SF oe OE ie ena ee Stonesfield

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR

Plantae Pteridophyta

1898 rp

Pterophyllum comptum Lindl. ...-...--.-. | ere ee Yorkshire
Cornbrash

Echinoidea

Holectypus depressus Leske .......-..----- | ee Buckland

Echinobrissus elunicularis Lihwyd ...-.---. Se eee Southwick and Frome
Brachiopoda

Térebratula intermedia Sow......--..----- ee PP Stony Stoke

Waldheimia digona Sow.........-----.---- Drs gametes Stalbridge

W. lagenalis Schloth. .......----- 5 oe ee “

W. obovata var. perovata Walk... 3.-..---- Dorset

Rbynchonella concinna Sow............--- poe Bee Melbury
Vermes

Serpula quadrata Phil........ ee air ee SR hee Hooper's pool
Lamellibranchiata

Ostrea rugosa Goldfuss ........------++--- eee Dorset

Peeten vagans Sow ..--.. ..-..2. 2-2-2. ---2-- 3 eine hes Stony Stoke

Avicula echinata Sow......-..:.---..----- 5 Be TLE Frome

Ceromya concentrica Sow....--..-.-.----- j Vea Ds Road

Pholadomya phillipsii Mor....-....2..---. 2....---. E. Cocken

Gresslya peregrinus Phil..............-.-- 5. he ing Bishop’s Caundle

Myaettes securiformis Phil. ...5.252---2ccc DZeeonne on Rhyme

M. Reena, CPR. \e <n 22 sass nos Bie oon Road and Hensbridge

Forest marble

Mollusca
Terebratula maxillata Sow........---..--. pee oe Pickwick
Cardium striatulum Sow. .......----..---.. Cape. Corsham
Chemnitzia variabilis Lye. § Mor. ......... 6....---. ae and Lacock
Oxford clay
Lamellibranchiata
Ostrea macquivalvis.. ......2. .----. ----2- 5 ee vie England
Gryphaea dilitata Sow...-.....:---..---.. Bai ar St Neats
Modiola bipartita Sow... ....-..-.--..--.-. Pasios 2s Studley
SOMMCEIN ODIALA —.-... . 2256 concen cornse i $e orem Road
Cephalopoda
Belemnites abbreviatus Miller. ........---- Wage Seles Melksham
B. hastatus Blainville ..........-.. Fae ia a St Neats
Ammonites elizabethae (Jason)........---- rs oe eae Christian Malford
_Stephanoceras macrocephalum Schlotheim.. 1........ England

rd54 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM
Ammonites spinosus Sow. .--....--.------ et oe St Neats
A: biplex Sow 2. = se eee 1 Bere als es
Amaltheus lamberti Sow. ..-.-:-:----.---- = ag Daal Isle of Skye
Cosmoceras jason Zit .\.)...2 os sdeeee bas ere *
Coral-rag
Hexacoralla
Thecosmilia annularis Fleming........---. 3---..--. Wiltshire and Steeple
Ashton
Stylina tubulitera Phil. co2 See eee Steeple Ashton
Thamnastrea arachnoides Parkinson....... 2.-..---- S and Woot-
ton Bassett
Echinodermata
Echinobrissus costatus Lamarck......----. 4---...--- Wiltshire and Dorset
Pseudodiadema versipora Phillips. ......-. 5 Beep area Wiltshire
Hemicidaris intermedia Fleming.....-.---. 3....+... +
Lamellibranchiata
Ostréa eréegatia Sew. .-~ >. 2.1.06 ee ae eee ee Westbrook and Hudley
O. paAndaling So Scat ae ee eee ee 2 es oA Todbere
Pecten fibrosus Sow. ees - 2 255 <o 2c ct ceee Boece cee Ringstead
Ps vimineus 2Saw2 oo. -s eet ee ; ee ae Wilts
Gervillia aviculoides (Sow.)--....--.-.--. 1... .---- Hillmartin
Lriconta: ¢ostata..* =: Pigs. esos ei 25te tensed eces a see Wilts
Lithodomus inclusus Phillips.......-...-.. mass.... Westbrook
Myacites decurtatus (Goldfuss) Be, EE ikea Anges jtee Abbotsbury
Gasteropoda
Natica cincta Phillips? 220 2hsc2iocc-. == ne Lee eee Lay,
Chemnitzia heddingtonensis (Sow.)........ Lie stats Hillmartin
Chemnitzia spt es sice sas tees ee ee cee dice Boers Bourton
Portland oolite
Hexacoralla
Isastrea oblonga Fleming...-.- saeco 255 Sa Sean Wiltshire
Lamellibranchiata
Trigonia incurvsa. BEN. .22 2562s eecs Laeeee [ees is Portland
“is gibbosa Sow....-... sins Goehieenersean f Leopel hee ter. ES
Cardium dissimile Soww.-.<c <2. -\s act sneeee i Foe Swindon
Kimeridge clay
Brachiopoda
Discina latiesima (Sow) <222= .:--- seers e= Loree Weymuth
Rhynchonella inconstans Sow.........----- } eae Ringstead Bay
Waldheimia lagenalis Schlotheim. ......-.-- 4S oa a England

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 LddD

Lamellibranchiata
Ostrea deltoidea Sow..-.-----.-----.------ heey ae Ringstead Bay
Sardimam striatulum Sow.2. -.---. --2..--.-- LS eee Devizes
Myacites recurvus Phillips.......--....--- Dyas ano ‘* and Ringstead Bay
SPSL ESS CE OS in es ee ) ape Cumberland
Gasteropoda
Pleurotomaria reticulata Sow.....-...----- We eects aire Devizes
Cephalopoda
Perisphinctes virgatus Buch. ....-..-..c0. Loc. sce Tatorowo, Russia
Vertebrata
Sphaerodus gigas Agas. ......2e--c02 e205 Tass hams Potton
Steneosaurus rostro-minor Geoff. .----..---- Shoe suete tf
Purbeck
Echinodermata
Hemicidaris purbeckensis Forbes..-.,.-.--. Pind ooace Swanage
Lamellibranchiata
Meretrix (Cytherea) rugosa Sow. ...--....-- tee ae Swindon
Vertebrata
EMM RMERR PEE ono oS ans oo a a’ wan en voceee Diener .. Swanage
MomiiGiosmimor Agds.....--:.---.----s6-- 1 whole
specimen f
Leptolepis sprattaeformis. ........---..--. 1 whole
specimen Bavaria
Pe MOAUEUS SP oo5 a5 sacccc scecna cele wcnce ee eet Potton
Miscellaneous
Insect and plant remains ......-......---. 3 masses. Swanage
Cycadoidea microphylla Buckl............. 0 teers Isle of Portland
Cretaceous. Lower
Wealden
Lamellibranchiata
Ryeda MOA S01... oo. ve dee nce ece enna ee Dy dette A Hastings and England
Gasteropoda
ere eS ete ae) ns oo etme ies, alee ES nee Tunbridge Wells
Viviparus (Paludina) fluviorum Sow. ...-.. j Oke tae ee St Leonards
Vv. (Paludina) elongata Sow........ Seat ace Tunbridge Wells
Crustacea
Cypris tuberculata Sow.......-...--.- .---- 2masses Isle of Wight
C. MAlMCTSIS. SOW: tjna~ 2 nei, > a ce oleic ee mass -
Squalidae

Lepidotus mantelli Agas........ ee aoe 2masses Hastings

rb6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lower greensand

Echinodermata

Holocystis elegans Lons. ...--..----..----- Dixiciie aint Sandown
Brachiopoda

Terebratula sella: Sow, 22.5. cb Sons etme es aa Atherfield

Rhynchonella gibbsiana Sow. .----...---- Gos Sie Isle of Wight
Bryozoa

Undetermined 322242326 23 cease eae eee bee Getks Nice, Italy
Vermes

Vermetus polygonalis Sow..--.-.----.----- ft SO ES Atherfield
Lamellibranchiata

Anomia lacvitata Sow... 242-22. seceoeses : PERS ee Atherfield

Exogyra sinuata Sow..... 22. .-22 ccaee--- bese sca ss oe

EXOCYLAD ? Seto eee nee ee. ee eee eee | Were asyere Nice, Italy

“Gry phaeaharpa (Golds. ) 2.2 25. conse e ooo ee 1........ Sandown

Gry phaeaspt? G.-2e ees cee ees ee eee fe oase ‘Nice

Pocton apbiensis 22230 2) ct se Sanco eee Sandown

Neithea (Pecten) quinquecostata Sow. .... 2..-..--- “x

Pinna restituta Hoeninghaus ....-.-.-e-2--)2 s-<2+2 =< Atherfield

Gervillia anceps Desh. s2- 2-250 ameo eee eee i eee eree . bs

G. alifoxuMis: SOW.) sso 4 at token eee.” Wiese as see Blackgang Chine

Modiola> TOWVEESA SOW osm ome oe eee ele ESSN alee Atherfield

Area glabra (Parkinson) ...-:-.----«'----+. i 5 aS as oS

A. > Tanlini Deymerte: 2555 tentseances coon DApeeeee ve

Astarte.obovata Sow: o--2s-c 52s cts es ces ) ae Sandown

ATCtied SP? tess o-ceaee eB ee oe cee oe _ ee Haslemere

A. (Cyprina) angulata Fleming. ..--.. ES K. Halford

Thetis sowerbyi. Roemer. ....-----.-.=----- | Upp a rah ed Sandown

T. sowerbyi var. minor Sow...--...---- Otome Atherfield, Sandown

Triconiascandata Aqas: eos. e oe Lae Isle of Wight

Venus (Pullastra?) ovalis Sow.........---. 1 Rese ae re

V, Parvale so seteciewee bee oe ate meee I ese Sandown

Myacites plicaius>Sowie 3-2-2572 swe nett ey 5 Pee Atherfield

Corbula:striabila Sowrints 2.22 cote eee de ce ay ce
Gasteropoda

Rostellaria robinaldina @Orb. ...........- awe aents, Atherfield

Tornatella forbesiana7z isos: 2-2-4. eee sess DP toate woe 2
Cephalopoda

Ammonites deshayesii Leymerie......-.--. 2cos eee Atherfield
Crustacea

Meéyeria macua, MM’. Coy - 230.0. Seeteneus eee Descnusan Atherfield
Vertebrata

Iguanodon mantelli Meyer ..... A SAE Ae 8 Sea iene Potton

: REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 rd?
Gault
Hexacoralla .
Cyclocyathus fittoni Edw. .........-- ee an bee er . Folkestone
Lamellibranchiata
Nucula ovata Mantell....-- pee os aceee Seas Bose oaee “
N. pectinatal Sow: sores. = 525 sce os ok aes ee Ay
Inoceramus concentricus Park..... eee Dian eee &
‘EB Seas PAIK. os ca caleieos 1 eae ee
Pholas’ constricta Phil. 2.0. 222-2 seen ween Pose eses Polegate
Cephalopoda
Ammonites tuberculatus Sow..--- pag! Se Viedecs Folkestone
Hl Jautus Sow...-..-.----.-----. 1.--..... a
A. MAEICOSUS SOW. 355.62 5252 docicee Deen a a
A. Splendens: Sow... ..-. .---s<--.- Pesto wars es
PaMINOMIEES SD ss o-5 csea scone et oe Ss == 6 Pitt aces
WED SUES) Si ee eee eee We oar eae ff
Aneyloceras ‘spinigerum Sow.?....-...---- l....-..- ee
Hamites attenuatus Sow..-.....----..----- Pesca sete “
fielicoceras rotundus (Sow.)..-----<..----. li.s..... ¥
meremmites acbtenuabas Sow. .. -...--2s so00 -Zeecs scen oe
By: RTS LSTCR = 5a 6 halen ae So A echmcettee a
Squalidae
Otodus appendiculatus Agas. ........----. aera cats Herts
Upper greensand
Foraminifera
Orbitolites concavus Lamarck ..-.. aioe mnass .... Le Mans France
Orbitoides complanatus Lamarck ....-.--. Bato aete Warminster
Hexacoralla
Trochocyathus harveyanus LH. § H. ....-... 2.....--- Cambridge
a. conmlus Philos coos. <s ~s Deucaticas -
Micrabacia coronula (Goldfuss) ....-..--.. ae ies PN ee Folkestone and Warmins-
. ter
Echinoidea
Cottaldia benettiae (Konig)... .---22.--2-. L...cc... Warminster
Echinocyphus difficilis Agas. ..---........- pa eee e
FielaseeGiedvis Me LUC... ssec vocecalsss ee. hese ss Saleombe
Discoidea subuculus Klein ........--.....- Gee Soe Warminster and Sidmouth
- Catopygus columbarius Lamarck ...-...---- Sei roee Warminster
Vermes
Serpula (Vermilia) ampullacea, Sow....---.. eo ee Warminster
8. OR yt ora. eee ee vn Seen ee oe © ee
Ss. Sle, cee ait BEY oo ere ee ei ep gle cL “e

rds NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM
Brachiopoda
Terebratula biplicata (Brocchi) ....-..----- Gascce see Dorset and Cambridge
ail biplicata (Brocchi)...... ..---. te Naa Warminster
Terebratella pectiba:(Sew.) 250. sect ene eee aes -
Rhynchonella grasiana d’Orb. ...-- seats Aiea eS
rt. elesans Som? ¢. 2 wesc ane oe i eh eee Cambridge
Bryozoa
BLY 0208 Spree 588 Src power wee hee : Oe eee Nice Italy
Lamellibranchiata
Exogyra ‘columba (Lam.)o-_2s-3 2-222. 2-2 | erase Sidmouth
Ostréa Carinata Somse 5-4 -o- oe. ne os, ee 1 ee eee = Cambridye
Neithea (Pecten) quinquecostata (Sow.). -. 1........ Salcombe
Modiola-réversa Sow so. +a: eee sees 1:...-... Blackdown
AT Ca €arinata Saws: ee sce ph awign an eee ee eae e Devizes
Cucullacafibrosa Sow. 5) nee Seen omen ‘| eee wae Blackdown
Axinaea umbonata (Sow.)....-....-------- 2 easel .
Astarte formosa: Sow.2. -. 2.2 ss Jone sae Dae Eee ee ee
Cardrum-hilmanai> Sow; os< seen oe seca = hoa aitate “
Arctica.(Cyprina) oblonga ...22. .222-- +52: ih Pope Devizes
A. (GAS tS) IS os eee eee Meee i nse ete Stokely
Meretrix (Cytherea) caperata (Sow.) .----. Diamine Blackdown
Thetis pigantea Sow. soo Stes 2 estas oe Peace es
ike sowerbyi Roemer var. minor Sow... 1...--.-- Isle of Wight
ite sowerbyi Roemer var. major Sow... 1...-...-- Devizes
Trigonia. alesformis Sew: 2.225 <5 nesses 2. Lee Warminster
ake aleformis Parkinson. .--..------- jee ete Blackdown
dg spinosa Parkinson. .... -<-<-0 ««- Deets 3
Venus sublaevis Sow............ aE tag k 1 Paes re
Gly cimeris plicatar 2202s. e ee ree os, Soe eae Bs
Myacites, mandibnla Sow 22a. <2 ciples wees Tne nee Devizes
Mactra angulata:W0s..cc.pbeccece save ~ a0 1 ee Blackdown
Corbula truncata Sows. 2 sts. nse Sek eke bes ae dz
Gasteropoda
Rostellaria calearata Sow.........---. ee le sp ae Blackdown
Murex calear Sow ss oo co wae ae ee etc Heel <
Fasus rustiens Sow... co. wen cee eas fi eee a
Fusus sp? ...-...- Pu ctap ae ke ap aia oer aaeies 2 2 AE ee
Turritella granulata Sow........-....---- Decne Blackdown
Solarinm ornatum Sow. >... 2-22. 2<cee «--2-~ Dew cece Cambridge and Warmins-
ter
Actaeon (Tornatella) affinis..............- a Wis oS Pe Blackdown
Cephalopoda
Ammonites varians Sow...... eee nce eee he ee Warminster
ASNTMORIFES ApS |3'fo 65k wee eee eee > = et
ASHIMGNILES GBD? <> aclce Sc ~ dee cae be eee / a . Cambridge

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898

Crustacea
Notopocorystes stokesii Mantell ......--.. Licseyees Cambridge
Vertebrata
SM Axe AOC AGAR Pace iste tcc secs nese bel teses Cambridge
Lamna cuspidata Agas.?-.-.....--+------- eS Ea cs
Vertebra ‘sp ? — family Squalidae.......... 1.....-.. a
Chloritic marl
Hexacoralla
Trochosmilia suleata Z. gH. . .--.2-..--- 2s ata emote Cambridge
Echinoidea
Echinoconus castanea (Breyn) ....-..----- ORs. Dorset
Brachiopoda
MerepratilarObtusa Sow, 22... s--cc0-c--00 Suse eae Dorset
Terebratulina gracilis Schloth, ...-...----- D.nbleisamiare Cambridge

Lamellibranchiata and Gasteropoda

2200) (0 OSE OS ae et ee aos Dorsetshire

Pleurotomaria moreansiana.....--..-----. Dicer atta os
Cephalopoda

Ammonites varians Sow. .......----- .---- BS seem Dorsetshire

A. rhotomagensis Defrance....... 1---..--. Isle of Wight?

Schloenbachia inflata d’Orb...?........... Eos sclawne Cambridge

Scaphites aequalis Sow. ..-.....----..----- Pease Dorset
Crustacea.

Notopocorystes stokesii (Mantell) ......-- Sepa ee Cambridge
Vertebrata |

Drama, Cle ANS Ags: 2.2. Ja. coee cscens cone Dees ahaa Cambridge

Otodus appendiculatus Agas. .....--..----. He taleket Whitmore

Saurocephalus lanciformis Har. .........-. 3.......- Cambridge

Phosphatic nodules ............. sae Sa Keeka eat Binstead

Lower chalk

Porifera
JEG bk as Sie eae | eee ate or Sidmouth
Ventriculites ..--......- Ficsoe ret Se 5 Rn eee Lewes
RSMMC asta cs oles nn wow we cet apcaes | ee o
Echinodermata
Marsupites ornatus Miller......---...---.- 1 plate .. Craydon
Cyphestoma-Kkoniei: (Mant.)..i....cccesince Tess. cave Charlton
Eehinoconus conicus Breyn.......----.---- 1 een Herts
Holaster laevis De Luc?....... ..---. .-0--s Te Ns Sie Evgland

Micraster coranguinum Klein.........-.-.-.- Paves oti Sidmouth

r5>

r60 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Vermes i

SoLhe CLED Hey eee nee Ne ee. eS Se ae A Ree ey! Dalal a (3!
Bryozoa

Flustra inelegans Divon?..-.........-.. mass.....-. Brighton

OP) sescsekcheecdeta second eee s be eames Leet o noes On enton
Brachiopoda

Rhynchonella cuvierid’ Orb. ..--.-...-2- 2-.--:2~..0. Isleham
Lamellibranchiata

Inoceramus mytiloides Manitell.....--.. heen, ics cece IOUSSEK
Cephalopoda

-Ammonites varians Sow. ......-....---- 1.s......... Eastbourne
Nautilus elegans Sow.) «12.2222: 2. Joon th.o-0 2 ee Mamsey,
Turrilites costatus Lam........--. .----- Wckols 2/2.) imeland
Belemnites ultimus @’Orb. .....-2..---2. 1......-.... Margate

Vertebrata
Corax faleatus Agass2/-o2. cate a teee se Ao So eccpas, SD RISH LON.
Otodus.appendiculatus Agas.-... 2-2. ee =e oe
Polyptychodon ‘interruptus Owen...-.-. 1........-.. Potton

Upper chalk

Elint nodules si s2 So as Fe ee De ee ee

Porifera
Spolgia plana PHiloet = eee ee eo ceet eek | LOPS mine
Hippalimus radiciformis' Phi... 2. 2c Leees eee Sy
Hexacoralla |
Parasmilia. contralis:Gant!) oo sa. Seas lee aa eee Charlton and Northfleet
Echinodermata
Bourgueticrinus ellipticus Miller.......16fragments. Gravesend
Cidaris clavigera Konig var.Comm’is Diz. 4.......---. otf
C. septrifera Mantel 8255.28 eo eee oe ey, CHanlbon
Cyphostoma corallare Klein......-...-. 2......-..-. Gravesend ~
Cc. Spi? i. sch ee eee ih eto te

Discoidea. dixoni VorbesG2.)-4 sos aap eek = eae Over

Cardiaster pillula, (Lam.) 222 fcceece bens eheede velo coe DELON

Echinocorys vulgaris Breyn ......-.---. 3----------. Craydon and Gravesend
Echinoconus conicus Breyn......-..---- 2 oso sees es Soravesend

E. subrotundus (Mantell) 222-222-232 eee st

Micraster coranguinum Alem =. s.62"2 et Ace ee oe

Bry0z0a../-6. 0 Fs2. cen 222 2 ee ee eee eee eno land

Vermes
serpula plexus Sowssescise- nce eee doo. 4. ence Newhaven

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r6h

Brachiopoda
mete aa SP? yo ae Peele ta ca come wane wo ptisns~ toe Northfleet
P: SOmMIg OWASAROOW. 2222.0 osc a Sac eee oars Gravesend
Terebratulina gracilis Schloth...........-- reas oe Northfleet
Rhynchonella mantelliana Sow. ..-....---. 1.....-.- ioe
Lamellibranchiata
Spondylus (Lima) spinosus Desh. ...-...--- | ee ore Charlton
Eeesurniiidas Mantell. s.2 ois. ..53e0 72'S S5- | eee Gravesend
Cephalopoda |
Belemnitella mucronata Schloth. ..... ads ee eae England
Vertebrata
Carpet means Agas. i. 3. s5e cee es anon f(t see ae
Strophodus reticularis Agas. ....---..----. Tepee os Potton
Hocene. England
Lower
Foraminifera
Nummulites laevigatus Lam.......-...---- pee Alum bay
Echinodermata
Pentacrinus sub-basaltiformis Mill. ........ eer Islington
Vermes :
repaid SOW, 2... -cnee seca once Mass... .. Whitecliff bay
Lamellibranchiata
Ostrea bellovacina Lam. ........---------- (Ss) Gs 22s. Newhaven, and Alum‘bay
PMMA SOU... 2 <o5 osecae cocees cana eee ewe Alum bay
Modiola elegans Sow. ........--..----.---. fe Highgate
Axinaea brevirostris (Sow.)..-... ..22-. se. (Ca aes Sat Bognor
A. decubsata. (SOwWs).o.00% sss ol ceo. AES FAS 6
Nucula bowerbankii Sow. ....-....-...---- ee ee Finchley
PAtarie te AlLa SOW, «226 5- jos ccs wen ece w= su mass... .- Alum bay
Venericardia planicosta Lam, ....-...--.. Ci Clarendon
Protocardium semigranulatum (Sow.)...... mass,..-. Alum bay.
digs wateleti Desh.) 2. sechecsess. 3) See Portsmouth
yrena cordata Morris... cs esccts 1a---- (es Charlton
C. deperdita (Lam.) ...--- Sree sea () Sears Woolwich
C. cunetformis (Sow.)..---..---..- ... mass and 2 ee
Cr dulwichiensis Rickman .........--- a ere Dulwich
PtMWdes* MIOLISIU SOW) .- 2-0 J sse8 cecees be ee ose Herne Bay
Meramrix- (Cytherea) sp? ..cc-- cs 2ccevsccce (2 ee - Portsmouth
Galycimeris intermedia (Sow.) ....--.-----. ps SO Alum bay
Pholadomya margaritacea Sow....--...---- Eee es
Wey prodon angilatum Sow, - 2. ...s2ss--+ 4s.00--.- Loudon
Corbula pisum Sow...:....---.-------.---. mass and Alum bay
(6). .~.-

Nuculana amygdaloides (Sow.)..-.....---- eee Finchley

r62 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Teredo antenautae Sow.....------- -------- mass.-... Whetstone

“Teredina personata (Lam.) -:------—--. == mass .-.. Clapham
Gasteropoda
Aporrhais sowerbii (Mantell).- 2-2-2222 4.22. -=-- Clarendon
A. sowerbil (Maniell) ..-.....---.-- : er England
Cassis ambigua(S86l.))2 sao. fine onecicanem ee beeeetenee Sheppy
Pleurotomateretrium var. tuberculata Hdw. 3....---. Clarendon
Cancellaria laevyiuseula Sow y.2. 2-62.22 sale eee Se oe
‘Molania. 6p.2 2 eee aes OMe ONE Ore Alum bay
Melanatria inquinata (Defr.)........-----. 3----.--. Woolwich
M. inquimata \CMVeprs) oie. a ee eee rayne eas Newhaven
Puri leila isp tse scsees ee ee ween cna eeeee | agent Bie ai Woolwich
ih terebellata, Lam. x 2a. seocecisw es Dsa—cce ee Clarendon
Stenothyra parkinsoni (Morris) .....-.....- pe et cae Woolwich
Natica lhantomiensis CPith.) o. 2... 22 aes eee omen eleses Portsmouth
aN labellata(2am:) ss caces neste oe we eee Alum bay
N. labellata “Cia. ) 22. sos sec. oe eee eee Portsmouth
VCalypinaea opera (Sol. )\. 252 c4- 5 seo cae Weeoe anes Alum bay
Cephalopoda
Naatilus centralis Sow. -... 20. co0. cse0 eens yeas eS London
N. 1M pPerialis Sw... 2s ~-.-s<edne oni Pesce is “4
Crustacea
Xanthopsis sp......- Pe Ae hon Sais See ee has Meee Lea eee Sheppy
X. leachti=c.- «=2' Loe Pe Rate Nee | ites Sate 2 Felixstowe

Vertebrata and Plantae

“Carcharodon-meealodoniAgas.,. << 424442555 lieceeo see London
Lamna elegans Agas. : 22-2. eens. -s20 woee I ere . Herne bay
Leaf impressions in pipe clay ............. Arse Ses 5: Alum bay

Middle

Foraminifera
Numumulites planulatus (Lam.).----..----- mass .... Isle of Wight
N. laevioatus Lam, .22 50.2262 ete seuss Bracklesham
IN: SPW cee een sey bh dee oe eke Toe ons acd Alum tay

Lamellibranchiata 4
Venericardia planicosta Lam. ....-...-.--. Ia eee Bracklesham
Cyrena obovéita, (Sem) 322-4026 fone iM its (1)...... Tolland’s bay

Gasteropoda
Neritina concava Sop.b. cesses Se eee D2. downey Alum: bay?
Turritella imbricataria Lam. ...-.....---. massand1
Abe im bricataria Dam. 25.22 o6aesee mass and 2 Bracklesham
Planorbis oligyratus Edw. .........-..---- | ey eerie

MAVANEUSD Taos cen) te ccc acer ios Bee eee ASS Hane Isle of Wight

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898

Selachii
Hamman elecans Agas.: = ...----..2-225 --5- 2 eee Bracklesham
Otodus appendiculatus Agas. ...---..----. fe Ad a Re
Upper
Vermes
Serpula heptasona Sow... ..2. 2.202655 22222 Zee aN Barton cliff
Lamellibranchiata
SOsirea tabellula Lam. °..--.- .< scence cons Gi) aicieiee Barton
Pecten Carinaiits SOW. -. 62.22. 0/<s256..---55 Ch Barton
by PECONGIGUS) SOL. ss oases won cad wo'ae G2 ae -
Axinaea (Pectunculus) deleta (Sol.) ..---.. hye Hordwell
A. (Pectanculus) deleta (Sol.)...-.-. (6) -----. Barton
fame psis scalars (GSow.) ....2.. 2--2-< ses0e (Aye 2oGe. ge
Nuemla dixon, Wood: -.2.- 6226 ooed eee ole (Eye. 3
Crassatella sulcata (Sol.) ........-.--. 00. 4e2 eS! aS
Carditarsileata (S005): .22'..2ce5 ceccen cesene 5 and (1) ce
Venericardia planicosta Lam. ..---.....---- pT eet eas a
Chama squamosa Sol. ......-...---- ------ 2 and (3) cf
C. squamosa Sol. .....---..-- Be Ris cals (© lp eee Se Isle of Wight
Protocardium semigranulatum (Sow.) ...... Peay gin Barton
P. euecianim (Soto. cases 2 heros Ps
Cyrenovovatsa Sow. ---.--25 scenes 2 and (3). Barton cliff
Meretrix (Cytherea) obliqua (Desh.).....--. land (1). Barton
elt ta DISA SOW. - 22 --- 5.22 ce sede seen Ave vocces Barton cliff
Psamwmotaea compressa (Sow.) ...-.-...---- Ps. 2sec=2 i barton
@esumienwens (Sol. i252... - 2 c225-. sco det tee (a) eaees Hordwell
C. irene OS0l.) 22.0.0. See eer gees Gy aoe Barton cliff
<. SMspaatta SOW. 222. Sec ceme Ss cnet land (2). a
LFLLELDE Sls Ss See eae Sean CD eee Barton
Gasteropoda
Hippoerenes amplus (Sol.) ............- c20- Se sclera Barton
framieiy FimOosa. (SOl.) 24-0 .2cees wccoss co coke ee as RS
Vanarini bartonense (Sow.) .1...-..2.0 scccce Decks c cee 3
Seraphs sopitum (Sol.) 2.2.2.0 ceee2 sol pee Barton
Wiwaweandern Sow. ...-i5- acces nncles snes BES pe se
Racitarcanalifera. Lam. 122252 .s-66 qcecec pi gs
A. PUSMIOENIS, SOW. 2s snceee soe sees cose Cee denis es
sais el ia (CSOl.) 2... «seinmcsecncae wees ae Wee =
Pleurotoma conoides (Sol.) ...--...---..--- Seat an oe Barton cliff
P: exprid. GSOb.) .2 2... saeee ee Pees Gane Barton
Pp, TENG OSOL ). ots Geena ae FOR Jeo. "
Pe; denticula Bast, .. 2.0570 ket eee Oe tAes a
PP erassicosta Edw. ......-...-..- Sees ES a
pea RONDEAMAT COOn:,)~ 2s cee ok a5 Uk ee
P25 priscay OSeh.) bei Soe eo Rstieee 1 -

r63

r64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Conus sta briculus’ Sol. <2 -<22. .2255-e2eee- LENA chat ea Barton
Conus lineatus Sol. .......----- Be Re | ES Sie hae ae
Conoubis idormitor (Sol,) 22322 cece eee Gee ee os
Voluta solandri Law, o2 oo- ene ae eee ees 2 Pea ap

Vi athleta-(S0b.ye 25 sb 2 ee eee ee Peet a PARE AES Sean “:

v.. digitalina Zam. var. lima Sow. --.. 2..---.---. ed

Vie scalaris Wow! oes Bee cere eee ey eee Ee Barton cliff
V. luctatrix -GS0l) > eso ese ae eee on ees Barton

V5 ambigua.(S0l.) 2-2 ssaees Se se eee 7 eae ie a “as

Wi ambigua (Sol.) var. compressa Hdw. 1.....----. a
Lampusia arguta (Sol.) -....-.. tee ae eats ae Desa soswoe 4
Murex minax (Sol.).-.... F piehie ieee senna Peete a a
Triplexasper (Sol. so-so otk oc ne eetiop eae teeta eke :
<. ASHE! CSGl2)c peewee elo so ames pj aeiee kre a Barton cliff
Typhis tistulosns2brocen?t. £022 ee panes ao cee eiane eee Barton

a yunwens\(SOl.) 2. eke ee eee Co aS Sy a

Fusus) porrectus) (Sol. ).05-. 2. oS oan eee hea She i

¥. SW 9 SSs 955265 (See S5s5 055555 Sss0545 AGS ABE ine a
Clavilithes noae (Chemnitz) ....--...--.. Qe ee ee eace Barton cliff
C. longaevus var. differens...-.. Lees ese ar bOm

C. longaevus (Sol.) .----.------ Ln SP ae os
SyCUM | PYTUS OS.) sce Se. Lec Sa aetoe eau eiae tee Ad
Chrysodomus antiquus (Sol.).......-----. Ne a oes iN

C. GITANS AOL. jem aeeeteets eee eee elec en aie os
Métwla-junceasOSol) os. 2s ee soe ee Lee as
Pisaniadayata OS.) sso aemcis com oe ote Gane cone oe fe
Strepsidnra turpida’ (Sol2) <2 22s 22 oa apn BB .
Pyrula sexalis (Sol esse nc eee ieee ae Bete ce te re
Cominella;.canaliculatay (Sow.) 22s. 35 oe Shasece nose f
Cancellaria evulsa .(Sol:) 2-5. 22-2 th eee oe ad i
Cerithium mutabile Zam. .......s..+.---. Sow secersess Lsle.of Wirht
Potamidesyape 2222s. secs es sees 1...ct-.2-.) Barton

E. ventricosus Sow. .....200.2+-0e Bae ees Bagshot
Melani spt asc coencees ot eee seer eee 5.....--.-. Isle of Wight
M. acuta (CS0wW.)\ 2 ceaw sue cae eat sae mass and 6 S
Turritellaiedika (Sol); s2cce ate seme see as A Nit A ME Barton and Alum kay
ibe edita (Sats). tats Soe copa meee ia iets SR Barton
Tuba ‘suleata~CPiue) iosate cece pee eones ee See es

Scala semicostata ? (Sow.)......--..----- AL er ees 4
Xenophora agglutinans (Lam.) ......---- yee ee si
Solarium plicatum Lam. ..... os cnn as Dit. aeons Barton

s. canaliculatum Lam. ......-.---- 2 rain ‘f
Viviparus (Paludina) lentus (Sol.) ....... 2..--..---8 f
Natiea caillati? Desh.ji- acs. pee eee ee ees dees $

N. labellata Dam.! 3. ye. ato cee SE eee os

N. epiclottina Dam. Jeccere saan woes ea ee rf

N. ambulacrum, (S0wW.) .<se neers waaeetee 1D eerie ele

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r65

Calypiraea aperta (Sol.) ..-... -.......'---- aes ae Senes Barton

Neritina glandulata Sandb. ......--. .----. 4.------- a

Calliostoma nodulosum (Sol.) ....-...-<- fp Oise epee re
-Actaeon (Solidula) simulatus (Sol.) ...---- Geechee 3

Planorbis euomphalus Sow. ....----....-.- 2-------- Isle of Wight

Pentium striatum Sow..-....-..-.---- .s=< UB ae soe Barton

D. SithsppiimnanWesh.. .. 6 v-enest. Foe cee Barton cliff

Crustacea
ME MRIO HA LORMEIE es = Poe Soo Sc 5 ond os wee nuh mass ..-. Isle of Wight

Eocene. Italy

Wee oe ae eo once e = oo as HA ace. Sey NICE

Ji DS Ges Se ee ae Pessivsceie Hf
SL SD te 6 yaks Sak
ALAS G0: oe ee Se ee f yee se “s
Civic 2 Sif. see a es ena ue

Hocene. Damery, Paris basin, France

Lamellibranchiata

Ostrea flabellula Lam. ........--...--.+--- (hee
PAnomiaephippium Linn. ....-2-----.---0-5 (6) 2-22.

PEM A AM. 9. soe me cone tena ece (2) ss ewes

memeemodioivrorniis Desh. .-..-..1--2-.-----. (Li...

Axinaea (Pectunculus) pulvinata Lam.... (8)......

Pimepsic eTanulatus (Lam.)...-------.---- (2)...

Nucula similis Sow. non d’Orb............-- (4) and 4

Crassatella plumbea Desh..-....--..------- esas cnce

Carine AmOriGata Lan. ..-<-0 ccs woch eos (Uae cnce

Mayet teanien Desi... .'--- 4. isnen anne Jenne eens

Chama calearata Lam..--.....--2i--+----- (Cp eae ee

Cardium porolosum Lam. .....-...-....---- (1)

Fimbria subpectunculus @Orb.......----- 1

Cytherea laevigata Lam....-1...--2. J.cs. 1

Coroularucosa Lam. ....0<ceei- 2-55 cine ccs (1)

C. BMAOMMNA LAM. sce cas Jonas Baisiaa's (2)

C. Hamiarekti. Desh. .<- oc sneha sauocs 2

Gasteropoda

Rostellaria murchisoni Desh. ........-.-..- 1

a Rae arewahar SOW... ~- =. <niscas saeeas 10

SeEIpHe SOpiiuiM, (SOl..).. 2.06 ewaces caciene 2

Aneilla buccinoides Lam. ...--...-05.-.-.- 2

A. olivula Lam.....- Sia mantis etre aeeen 9

SMM Iie a oe a alone sce on So eRe 8

Harpopsis stromboides Hermann Se ecitgre tee 6

.

r66 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Pleurotoma prises (Sol.)- 25223 s2 ee we ae 2
Pe. ’ brevicauda Desh..--t2-c525-26 1
ig dentata Lama: s3 222s eer eee 1
P. filosa: Lam. .23- 252 ee ase soe 3
Conus deperditus Brag... -- 2. 2eeseeeeneee 1
Voluta solandri Edw. (V. spinosa Sow.).... 6
V cithara Lami ec csecccsss 1a eee 3
Ve luctatrix “(Sel <= 52 Sesh tesco eee 2
V. mara Wd t eee. pee eeeee eee came
ay: mixta Nyst (V. costaria Lam.).-.--. 2
V. MUTICING BHUG eee cece coe. t
Mitra terebellumeLams 2202-33-22 oeeeieon ea:
M.) )> fusellina amt ores Gti 2.) eee 4
Latirus uniplicatas (Lam.)-.-225-..5-..25% L
Pteronotus (Murex) asper (Sol.).....----. 6
Murex:erispus: Lam-s=. 2 -v-c-'- a eeoece 1
Clavilithes*noae (Lam.) (22... scl se eno: 6
Leiostoma pyrus (Sol.) ....-...----.------ 3
Strepsidura turgida (Sol.) ..........-.--- 6
Terebra plicatula Dam.05.2. 5 t2csce 255s ik
Cerithium serratum Brug. ...-....--..---- 7
C. labiatum “Desh..s<c-> ceseeeeos= 1
C. UD soosce sascesesseoSs erdes¢ 556 i
C. giganteum Lam. ..-....---.---. 1
Pyrazus angulatus (Sol.)=.2- 5-26 s222 sce 6
Batillaria echinoides Lam.....-...----. -2«- 3
B, pleurotomoides Lam...---....-. 6
Turritella imbricataria Lam. .........----- 1
Mesalia intermedia (Desh.) .-----.--- -=---- 6
Xenophoraagglutinars Lam. ...--..--..---- 5
Paryphostoma turricula (Brug.)...---.---. 1
Diastoma costellata (Lam.).-....---.---- 2
Naticamunda @ aDesh = 3 s30 cone pe eerioe nae 1
N. cOCpaces LAM. s soe cea eeee lees
Sigaretus clathratus (Gmelin.) .-.--...---- 1
Ampullina willemeti (Desh.).....-...----- Ly
A. muta bilis (Sots). soot 2k = see af
Calyptraea aperta (Sol.) C. (trochiformis
Desh.) [svosecs bh ene aes see eee aes 8
Hipponyx cornucopiae (Lam.)..---..--.-- 8
Fustiaria (Dentalium) striata (Sow.)..-.-- 2
F, (Dentalium) brogniarti Desh. ? .. 1
1 (Dentalium) pellucens (Desh.).. 1
iP; (Dentalium) lentale (Sol.)? .... 6
F. (Dentalium) circinata (Sow.).... 1

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r67

| Oligocene. England
Lamellibranchiata

Matecumelata Wood - 0228.6 .cs. soca s- eens Po ae ea Colwell bay
Unio gibbsii (Forbes WV. S.) Morris). .s.--. mass .-.. Hamstead cliff
Cardita (Venericardia) deltoidea Sow. so Bee ee Brockenhurst
@yrena ebovata (Sow,)-.-2.-.---'--------- (Gye swice= Hamstead and Brocken-
hurst
C. QVOVALaE COME re. ot). ooo oee ete (2 ee Hordwell
C. MBOVAUAMIGSOW: )- costa sc sacown seas (2 sates ss Headon
C. GHoOvatime (sow. i: ease condi. Loo dce CU yeaa Colwell bay
C. MMIOMEAI (SOU) 225222 cones sooee~ OREe a eee ae
C. SETS UT aN) 027 Oe ae eae mass & (2) Hlamstead
Meretrix (Cytherea) incrassata (Sow.)..... 1---.---- Colwell bay
M. (Cytherea) incrassata (Sow.)..... (4) ------ Brockenhurst
Corbula pisum Sow......----..--- Susdecde (Oye ces Hamstead
C. _ vectensis (Forbes M. S.) Morris... (12) .---- n
Erodona plana (Sow.)..---.. .-.22. .scece oe mass and (3) re
Gasteropoda

Ancilla buccinoides Zam...... Sete en eee Gt ee Colwell bay
Plenrotoma cymaca dw. .-.... -.---.----+- Pieseant Brockenhurst
P. BUA CSOL.)) 22s ee cce ee ee {ese ee %
Molanarspines’ (Lann.)..---- 22sec. seeeee se bier es oe
Clavilithes longaevus (Sol.) ...........--- rate A ge
Pisania labiata (Sow.) ....---. 5 ee See ie Saenesee Colwell bay
Potamides cinctus (Brug.) ---.------ .---- dene yee Headon
E. RPS (SOLS os acc cc vm ee to eee Spier Headon hill
iP. SEEMNISECSOLs) 5 oan 75 <jn aye ch aes ieee mS Brockenhurst
: submargaritaceus (d’Orb.) ....- Di cars eae Isle of Wight
ee Bless. (Desh). ..L2c. caso ncslene Sarees Headon hill
Py MeMmtuCOSUS SOW. Aare socels aoe, LOK 352 5 ©
Terebralia plicata (Brug.) .-....---- neo er tee ce Hamstead ?
Batillaria concava (Sow.).-.--------- aes Le eae Colwell bay
B. concava (Sow.) 2.22.23 b.. Ea ae ee Headon
Melmia aveuta (Sow:)...2...2<-. soe} te see ope ee a Colwell bay
M. weimta -(Sow.).eennee toc= sass a--— 2, masses. ‘Cliffend
M. CTD (SOW s,) 3) oo ais Pe ieel vase aoe ee PR AE a Brockenhurst
M. nystii Dushastel (MS.) Nyst.----. Sandmass Hamstead
Melanopsis buccinoidea Fer. ..-...-...--.2-. 10....... Colwell bay
Pea carinata Sow, ...-... eNO MIEN a mass .... Cliffend
Bayania fasciata (Sow.) ......... Be ere ee Getvcceee Meadon: hill
Be fasciata (Sow.) .---.- Pan, Eee oars mass and

11 Hamstead
Miviparusanculosus.(Sow.).....2.-s.<. <= DD ae Isle of Wight
Wi: anmenlosus (SOw,).--- 0 cicnn seen 1... ...'--+.Bembridge
a HGHEUS (SOs Suse. a tee obaee ee 3 pee, Colwell bay
Vi METAR OOO Nee cS 3 Sas to eee mass and 2 Hamstead
Tomichia dushasteli (Nyst).........22..--- Lee eg Te ie

pionothyra pupa (Nyst). 20. cs. sececs weer mass .... “

r68 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

\

Potamaclis forbesi (Morris) ...-... weee-.--- mass.... Hamstead

Ampullina parisiensis(@Orb.) ........---. ea ae ie Colwell bay

Cyclotus cinctus Edw. .......--.----.----- massand2 Sconce

Neritina econcavai Semis. 20 t. See eecee SIA ee Colwell bay

Helix vectiensis Hdw."s) eee Pr i TS open Sconce

BS PUSbant ide. 2 oo ase = eee De Ese Sconce

H..)): ecclusa, idm). 2oe2 oe te ae Phe eae Sconce

Bulimus:elliptiens: Sew 7 .- 22527 S56 ane =e 4 ae Bembridge

Glandina costellata (Sow.) ....--...--.---- ease eee “

G. costellata (Semi) 22 Sees Some i ERA ee: 2 Isle of Wight

Limnaea longiscata Brongn ..-.-....--.---- massand3 sé

ia, longiseata Brongn ..-s2420 Sen as Sees wee Colwell bay

is longisGaha HONG N -~ 6s ajo nee casa Re eee Bembridge

ie: FUISIOFMIS WOW... So a SLO See ee Headon hill

L. pytamidalis Brongn ...-3-5. .--5-- mass ...- if

Planorbisaliseus Hdwoo 55... fase5 oa ee Bes chee Sconce

LEE euomphal us) S002... 405--55 see mass and 9 Isle of Wight

|e goniobasis (Sandb. )..----..----- 143-5 ., Binsteae

EP: obidisus: Semis. oo 7 Glee ces eses De eine atts Isle of Wight
Squalidae

Lamnd 6letans) Aga! 2. - 82 ops ssc eet one eee Brockenhurst

Pliocene. England

-Coralline crag
Lamellibranchiata

Pecten opereularis dO 3 7 aya tel a ess ai (4) [eco Suffolk
Cardita’senilis Cham.) 22-22-25. co-s5< acess (1) to. 5. .
C. sealaris*(S0w.j25.. 25.22 e ieee n eee (e} ea Oxford
Astarte: burtini Deon: < 227-22 sc= oe Socata se Gy utee se Suffolk
A. omalii var. bipartita Sow.....-.--- (6) 222° oe
As sracrlis: Mameter <> 22522 ee sas (3) 2 Shee Oxford
Cyrena cuneiformis (Sow.).-...---...----- (ib): S55 Suffolk
Cyrend Siac fe seo secae et Or Senescence (So); sane ms
Venus. asia ings 02 es tes sooo aoe (Ae eee 2
Cirripedia
Balanns:ckadsus S002: ooo ees snes anneal ses oa Oxford
Red crag
Echinodermata
Echinocyamus pusillus Muller. ....-..----- 4 eee Alderton
Lamellibranchiata
Pecten opercularis (Linn.) ...-...--------- (3)...... Suffolk
Ps PusciO PEnNdht esse oe a (Lica ag
Axinaea glycimeris (Linn.) -.2.-. ..<52. 2220 (2) Fee tia
Nuenls, cobboldiae: Sew. 22-2 ae oe (AN rac hai— a
Garditasenilis ( Bam.) 92222 eee eee eee (Sy cine “4
C. senile ( 0am.) 2scsosasesateeaeeone 4 pete tae Sutton

Astarte digitaria (Linn.) .. 222. .2sc0. cecces (1) Be Oxford

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r69

eT VCTIS JM SIEN A aa... cicce = esas a3 aes Suffolk
A. OME DICLAfOe te an. lo = 3 Seige scien (a eels ae Sutton
A. omialit Groumipeene 20 5 c54 bce clei GP yeuisce. Oxford
Diplodonta. astartea (Nyst.)......----- see. (1) .----- Suffolk
Cardium angustatum Sow. .........--.---- (CA apes ae
C. edule mimi eee Sebo St eee (ey ae oes oe
C. Coumley tne i aa st Soe oe semen (litte 5e Sutton
Cupra islandica (Linn.) . 22-2. ..0.cssese (Disses Suffolk
Artemis lentiformis (Sow.) ....-..----.---- (iy oes Walton
Tellina benidinii Nyst § West.........----. (Pie ici Sutton
<3 pinerenurs: Wo0dwW....---2s, v-~s--.--2- Cb saa Ipswich
T (Macoma) -balthiea,. Linn. >.--..--- (1)-.---- Sutton
di BEASNT DENNANLE - i 2 = s<cescimece sce- (sas Ipswich
ut CRASSA OMeRnOWe . oi con cic zss cscs =5-% eB ire ee Sutton
fy GMO SOW a6 sme occa. vss ne ook (aye aoee ‘a
_ BEWMMMAISOW. Sot.ces Soccee tee cca. (Bye. aes Suffolk
WIMGUrABON ANS SOW. 2 0- .o ce ta ooo woe e seo (13) ooo a
M. MRANSE SOI a ee sao esos ocae done (2) So cuee Sutton
M. subtruncata DaCosta: ..2s....---. (1) ...22- Suffolk
-M. ACU LAM SON s = slodcie ns bene 2 Ose s ween (rok °s
Gasteropoda

Trochus papillosus DaCosta........------- NS ESE Suffolk
©. supexeavatus Wood... ..-.- s/o. ) eee A F
Turritella incrassata Sow......-. ..0Le2---- Ai ceases 7
rT COMIMUMINIS, MS8O. cn nce e-toc neo e ae eed Sutton
Meaateapiarians Diujard. 2. «icin sess es-. Bae .25-- Suffolk
IN. multipunctata Wood. ......-------- TS ata
N. millepunctats, Lam: jcens. 2%. sefoe Les wee. Essex
ittormalittorea (Linn.)-....2-.---<. +... Ah oes Sutton
Erma enurepaca (Mont:): .2..5.252-028.522 Pewee s Suffolk
TT Curopaeal (Mot, )o.- + Peetae le ea eS Sa Alderton
Massapcepicosa (Sow, ) 2)... Siell oe. semaine Get ee et Brightwell and Suffolk
Bnepura lapilus(Linn.)...--2..22-22%.2--8 Hsscssecc Suffolk
les Papas: (Tran: seeks fae cera e Side odes Sutton
Busus sracilis DaCosta. .-- se -ias-+-ce~- Mien Bebo a
Chrysodomus antiquus var. contrarius

POAT eh ia ais). a 'o\ aid a's acts mere oe eke wine G2 Ss. f
Chrysodomus antiquus var. contrarius

PR ne ids = os fan ionn's oa Googe eee awe ae Sse Suffolk
Trophon costiferum Wood...--.. Soe N Lycee Dae Ipswich
fie antiquus var. despectus Linn.... 1..-..... Suffolk
Ringicula buccinea (Sow.) ..---.-..--. ---- Meno et - Sutton
Pleurotoma (Clavatula) turricula (Mont.).. 1...---.. ue

Cirripedia

22ST LES) Se Sa ites nm Sutton

r70 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Selachii
Otedus obliquus Agas.7e 7. -- eee eee Seas Woodbridge .
Oo: obliquus: Agas.*~ sees. ace eee Pp iss Soe Sutton
QOxyrhina hastilis Agas:s5.-32—. Seo SS65e> -
O. plicatilis.Agas. 2 oo ss4e eee ee ih SA ve
O. plicatiis: Agass 032) sone eee 2 a Seceiss Alderton
O. plicatilis Aguas... 22 eek eee pe seen Suffolk
oO. xi phodon-Ayas.i. oo te eee 1 ae, sea Sutton
oO. GIASSa tA Gus Jeo ask ee oe eaciee glee es
Carcharodon megalodon dAgas. ..........-. | ee eS ee Sutton
C. megalodon Agas. ...-....---- ates Sse:
Lamna,crassidens’ Agus. <=fe Pe Santee oie eee Suffolk
Shark teeth, miscellaneous................ hie ee eee Sutton
Cetacea
Otolith*..s 22 So e2e oe sec Re oes ee eee ee Peres. cone Sutton
Balaenodon ‘spr sacs jacie' See io 1S 5 aeons 1........ Woodbridge
Pliocene. Italy and Savoy
Hexacoralla (Turbinolidae) ........ Lees
Lamellibranchiata and Gasteropoda
Fecten spent 2cee ese saSew eee a locem ioc sate (lA) 2S ee La Trinite, Nice
ae SP heals coasters lenio'a fone See emcees (3) take 3
Syndesmya_(Bryeina) Sp-... 23 52-ms--o—ae (3) S738:
Corbulasspe. 22-25 an eee cee ee (21) etree
Lieda Spi she mass that ote ce sah meee oe CE ae
Woldiaspoccss c2-- aes a ae see eee eee ae ss
FPusus isp. 2-- o2 eee ee te eee be do chs Paes Aas
Natica spots. 3-2 see cee eee Pee 2 Pnemiseiels
BuceinuM ssp tone see cee Sete Sac cee eee pe eS
B. SP. tees ce A ees te ee aes ee ee
RinereG Ws pe esse eee peas eee eee Pee eee eee eee
Dentalium (spd) ics eseee eee at eee s/o cee ae
Pleistocene. England
Lamellibranchiata and Gasteropoda
Anomia ephippium Linn.......--.---.---- () ere England
Astarte compressa (Montagu) ...... ane oieeiate (Axes Clyde
A. compressa (Montagu) 2% << Pecos (2) itera Bridlington
Cyrena consobrina Caillaud..........----- (2)... «- Grays
Cardium edule Linn. .2- 222 sce gte= aoe (0) eee Colchester
Tellina (Macoma) balthiea (Linn.).-...---. (G) 225225 a
Turritella terebra Linn. (T.communis Risso) 2........ Hetley
Buccinum undatum Linn. ...-....<ss.---- Bone ees Colchester
Cianella labriea. (fiiin.) 2 825 eae eee eno oee Suse eee Copford

Pattorina lithores, inn. .\20 = 22 Scenes wee Go cone Colchester

REPORT OF THB DIRECTOR 1898

Littorina hittoralis' Lam. ..2-<s25as- seks. Gres.
Viviparus (Paludina) tentaculatus Linn. .. 6........
Planorbis spirorbis...-.-...--- Aaa wee loc 1 oe See

Peis PotonGgata Male. ook. os 22s See Seen cece Ge eee oe

SYNOPTIC CATALOGUE

BY R.

M. BAGG JR

United States

Cambrian
species specimens
WCRIMCR ee eee ens nce ve ecaes 2 2
BrazemMopodsa . 255-625. . wo2s | 3 sia
- Gasteropoda...... a ai aol Seip 1 2
MGESbACEH ow cose ee-.-- 2 ease 3 12
e — ——
CUE) Sa Oe 9 27
Silurian
Lower
species specimens
Hydrozoa (Graptolites)..-.-.. 25 113
PCR OZOUS Loan cdivaccee coe ees 35 113
CLT Es a a ae a re 11 24
LED O20 2a ree 11 15
BEIchiopodsa ...-----.---.---- 62 313
Lamellibranchiata............ 32 116
SeSeGEOModa,...---. ..--.. o-~< 59 195
BEGUM «<5 <n ~ ce cece sacats 3 13
Cepnalopoda)......-...+<2.+--» 57 137
OTITIS GS 40 181 a
SPEEA Sele ccm aac tn cen e, «anette 10 27
Miseellaneous:...--<)..--.. sense os 1
Potato... J ene ie aera 346 1248
Upper
species specimens
POMEL Aion cates w ceeis te weetenks 3 8
Hydrozoa (Stromatoporidae).. 9? 18
= (Graptolites) ....... 5 7
AOC Ne ee 61 189. —
Oystoided €2.....-.....--- eminepae 21 135 b
Mmm aicseo orcs... cece secs 18 53
IGS ayes cijcla we niga weimin oie 3 4
SY 0 Be a0, 163

a 1 showing complete metamorphosis of one species.
b Some have been removed to state hall.
ec Including some crinoids.

Colchester marshes
Grays

Falkland

Copford

ré

1

rt2 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

species specimens
Brachiopoda ~J..-..c<.<). 25555 Ue 1038
Lamellibranchiata....-....... 39 110
Gasteropod ar. ¢- 2223 eege eee 64 253
Pteropodar 2222.40 522 nese eee 6 20
Cephalopoda... (222-2225. 3-22 27 73
Crustacea 22 2b. ses peele ee tees 35 171
Plantae :c26o sce See eee ee 11 20
Miscellaneous (Ichnolites and
pails jated) eae ae eee aoe 13
Total: 2520-2. ese 490 2262
Devonian
species specimens
Poriferar.-.-4.2 2240 Joss cece 4 9
Hydrozoa (stromatopora) ..... -.- 1
ACHNOZOAIA seine soe aaa ee ae 99 ? | 2884
Crinoidea and cystoidea....... 52 156
Mehimoidea 2.7. Ss ses oanleeisee a 1 if.
Bry 07208 q2bise oe Pens se 24f 96
Brachiopodasss2c2 32. e seat one 230 1904
Brachiopoda from Jura (for
comparison) - 22525 22 3 2ee 12 242
Lamellibranchiata....-..----., 114 255h
Gasteropoda..ss- 2.22252 soe S5 96 428
Pieropodacss. 25a ee eee 10 14
Cephalopoda ..--... Pemeetests 1 1
Crustacéana-<2).c20e. pare nese 25¢ 131
Pistes .54 2 hee ostes 3le Li7
Plantae e-ose se eee a Ale 107
Miscellaneous 4252-2. - oe eee- 7 he
Total 222005 ee teen oe 748 3851

g Carboniferous
Protozoa. Endothyra (Rotalia) baileyi Hall. A few specimens from Spurge
hill, Ind.

species specimens
Actinozoa....se«-o----..a00ut -10 about 10
Binstoidea’ 222.62 55sec L ee eee A 25

a Additional corals of upper Helderberg without labels amount to 133 specimens.

5 The species are probably more.

c May be more.

d Exact number not made out.

e And some undetermined.

f Specimens marked Bryozoa include some corals.

g The Carboniferous is not well represented in New York state, and the material here catalogued
comes from the western and southern states.

h 21 additional specimens unlabeled.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r73

species specimens
Pe GYM Aes esa Sale al ceminiciawicee =~. aa 3 or 4
ROC MMONMeR Fo b2. ck ice ese ces 3 -- between 300 and a 400
) Brachiopoda....-~..-...- about 30 100
Lamellibranchiata...--.. about 30 50
Weplalopoda....--. 25/2. ..+-5 3 18
BARC R Me oc icis vec scje howe deaachs yaa | 2
(I = ne 22 (eoal plant)
“ (Leaf impressions
from Mazon creek) ...--.---- -- between 50 and 60 (undetermined)
MatairaDOUb.oeclnce sos ete ce SE 500 specimens

Triassic and Jurassic

Represented only by large slabs of sandstone with reptile impression, leaf
marks, ete., from the Newark sandstone of the Connecticut and Massachusetts |
valley region.

Cretaceous
Upper
species specimens
HPIOSPOrMs,-..¢.-2---'.----. -- 15 15 Kansas
Ve SCG Eh ee 1 New Jersey
Hexacoralla ..-.....-.--. ppepa i 2 4
Echinodermata. .......----.-- 1 if
GIGS 4 1 12
NOM OMS Ee oS toads sslecee se 2 2
Pracniopodas...2. .-.--- ..-..- 2 25
Lamellibranchiata............ 18 92
Cepnalopoda,>.2.-.....-...... 8 32
Squalidae (teeth)............ Pa f> 2
reptilia (vertebra) ........-.. \... 6
Seen as aisha Sci als a, xis ae 51 192
Hocene
species specimens
Echinodermata. ..-..-...---.-- 2 2
Lamellibranchiata....--..---. 18 76
Gasteropoda._.....----..----. 18 102
Squalidae (teeth) .........-... 15 103
Buhrstone from Georgia with
HNSSTISTS eee 1
BiG Re Nee Soin sco ctiniccie es © 53 284

aNot very well determined and not yet arranged.

r¢4 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Miecene
species specimens

HexAeoralls 2. Cooe sce noeee ee 1 4
IBTYOAOAL 4. > Seo cccs cesar eee 3 masses
MGINISCA, ic cate roe at ease aoe 93 254
CIFMMCOIA . oso se. c2500 eeSueS 2 7 and 25 fragments
Veretabledionite 22222 sooe6 ptr 1
Cétacean bones - 2287.2 A oa 25
Coprolites 222 .cc2. ees See 1
Squalidae (teeth) .......... se lt 45
Miscellaneous vertebrae ...... ..- 2
116 and a few cetarean bones.

Otalcds she aaa ce eee 106 639

Western formations of Tertiary age

specimens

Silicified wood from western U. S.. 5

Lignite (coal) ‘* & : 6

Sandstone ee es 2
Limestone with bone fragments,

western U.S... ... eee 11

Pleistocene
species specimens ;
Mollusea, .2....4..a2 eee eee 19 65
Cirripedia .....0. 2. sae 1 3

Total in museum from United States—about 2113 species, 9095 specimens.

European
Cambrian
species specimens
Vieriiies? (ie se. Suess eee eee it 35 1 mass
Brachiopods 2-2. 8s lice ewes 2 2
Crastacea (2st uee tose. eee ‘1 bE
Plantaee vas. 2e SS ee eee 3 4
Matak cece eee ee 7 8
Silurian
Lower
species specimens
Graptolites weseecen ep aeeeeene ie 20
A@timozo0gi ook Fa ek ee Sree 4 9
Cystoidea'c: (noes eae see enone 5) 10

ABterOIdE? «Joss 2 Sat eee 1 1

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r75

MomMrne sa 2. :2co Rk reeteekee tee 1 2
TEP 1 ah SE ey a) OO 15
MeaeMOnOda 22.22 cesnes ---- 15 27
Lamellibranchiata.........--. 22 29
BAStCLOpOGs :. 2-2. Wens-- seed 15 27
Eeeroponls...-cosdcecsen's----+ 12 20
Beplslopoda .--...2-.-2-...-. 5 8
SU ee ee Se a 21 39
TTS GT ESS A ae 15
PROG AL a nth ene nce owe be cose 124 222
Eocene

species specimens

Protozoa (Foraminifera) -...... 3 25a
Echinodermata ...... ea ice Smiele a 4
UST BS 42 re 2 3
57 7 o Lo sare 1 1
Lamellibranchiata ........... 63 203
Gasteropoda..... Seas ce see 133 456
Mepualopodal-=-...5-.....2.. 2 5
SEERIN EME eo oes ce wens weno 3 3
J lSnit 0455 5 ee eee 3 5
2002 2), + Jk ee ee ee 4
Wotal —2. 2. Desoe be elie are 211 711

é Oligocene
2 species specimens
Lamellibranchiata ..........- 10 69
GAStELOPONd = - =< aca. ace ance 38 196
Selachii (squalidae).........-.- 1 3
Total‘... BES witale Sue aed 49 268
Miocene

Wanting in Britain.
Pliocene

Older. Coralline crag

species specimens

Lamellibranchiata........- page’
RMEIEI SR oe oo. oe teen wore 1 ay

Newer

species specimens
PUSMAICOLAND, soc. ooo ac a wa week 1 1
Mehinodermata: ..2.0. .2<c,--50 1 5
Picanrellibranchiata. =. ........'. 27 70

a Box of foraminiferous sand and ore from France.

r76 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

species specimens
Gasteropoda 226. .1c25 26 eee oe 26 69
Crustacea (cirripedia) ---..... .-- 1
Vertebratat css oe ese ne eeee 9 29
Total ween ae cake en eae 64 175
Pleistocene
species specimens
Lamellibranchiata...-.. so...
Gasteropoda).=3-2-'-- oes 6 33
TPotalogosy 2 oe sete eligi se 12 57
Total European. ...-..-.... 1377 species
‘¢ American. ..... cmeunewlo
3490
Silurian
Upper
species specimens
Porileratses ee ee neo ees 2 2
Py dr0Z02) ee eee eeecase 1 2 (Stromatopora)
uf (Graptolites)....... 5 6
A CLINOZOD monwao eee ec ce oneee 64 101
Crinoide@avce ssacen ic on oeawee 15 16
IASteroldea=- cause. Moscone poses 3 4
WELMGS: 2h ow coseke os aceon ewes 6 7
TV OZOAl so oct ole ebie ee ce eieee 30 38a :
Brachiopods-.-c=- soss<e0 soe 47 124
Hamnmellibranchiata .2..52 .cs-<< 27 32
GaSteropods 5 -s,.5¢ ceceeeeas 29 41,
Pteropodac...2 2-2 ns Socses cess 6 8
Cephalopoda. 222-2. «2-2 oe 16 19
Cruistacea*sc a2 ton) macamn Neaeee 17 24
PISCER an Boe a re oe erene 4
Unlabeled miscellaneous...... ... 12
otal. 23.5 5. eo. ee oe 268 440
Devonian
species specimens
AchingZ0ake=.<eeete se cede eee 3 7
Vermes and Echinodermata... 2 2
brachiopods .: 2as.. otis mae eee 6 8
Lotalee ys foe ee soe 11 17

a Including Monticuliporidae and Syringoporidae.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898

Carboniferous limestone

species specimens
PRCRNOAO cis: 2. Wo ae bac See eS oe 8 all
aaiieidca.. ss 2.eees os. 3 ie?
(EDC 12 2 ie a ep ne ee 10 21
PNG a ois) bola iets oS onion Ab 25
EaeMMoOp oda... 5... 5. -'cn ol. es 26 a)
Mamellibranchiata.....-..-... ib 10
Se sbeLOpoOda <i. /so< <i-,-os.----<- 22 29
Cephalopoda..<5.2.. =----. -... 6 12
MAMI SHACEd = Soa ce-rie koe oo a ee 2 2
SESS Se ee a ea 2 2
Unlabeled miscellaneous..---. 3
LUD 224 ae reas 90 174
Coal
species specimens
WITS Ee. \ococ win coe bob ste 1 1
Gasteropoda .c..-..2.-...2---- 1 1
Cepaalopoda,..-2---...--..-.. 2 3
(CITE ee ee 1 1
LRGs 2 oe ee eee 6 y 41
ELS ig: hE i ee re 30 63
LO a Se ere Al 110
Permian
species specimens
PEAR Nao w ee tees 8 5
PEACMIOVOGA... 2.0. 2. c=. 0 2-5-2 6 19
Rameliibranch,.©. .o.2.2.----. 12 18
Gasteropoda.......----.- Be wie 2 i
Capmalopoda. ..2....-.-----< 1 3
Plantae .-.....----.-----.---- 1 1
MED so oe aye telcos te Svat 25 50
Triassic
species specimens
Lamellibranchiata........-... a 7
‘CIRDS ICG So Pen 1 1
EME etait cicros)'aninjn'ne cow eins 12 42 undetermined
LS UPCENP IG) G2 ae 1 1
LOGI ae eee 21 51

a Includes Syringopora.
b Includes Chaetetes.

r78 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Jurassic

species specimens

Hexacoralla .: foee tees y. fers 13 15
Hichinodermatarc s226---n. 5-2 17 35
IVieTMEeS eco eeeia ee biench cele nomee 2 6
Brachiopoda ses bo. saree = 26 142
Lamellibranch ....... BE Malate, 120 . 218
Gasberopoda/o i. 3. oes seats 20 32
Cephalopoda S222 <2 - selene AT n lig
Vertebratatsn ce oe ho cee eee tee 12 23
Plambae 38 lee cee eee od 5
Phosphatic nodules..-....-.-. .-- 4
Total cee ieee sles tisce eee 266 597

Cretaceous

species specimens

Protozoa (Foraminifera) .. .--. 2 3
POT eRA cook Saisie Sinica Sea ciee 5 5
Hexacoralla. sz. ee sccncbee cee s 6 14
Echinodermata ...........--.. 25 55
WENMOES issn ccce cece coietee ene 7 10
STV OZ O08 a iere renee miele a ale be ere 5 6
Brachiopoda..-.-< 252 2--<---- 14 47
Lamellibranchiata....... estate OD 78
Gasteropoda--~ 2 222c..052 22 eee 13 26
Cephalopoda. 22252255 sfc se... 25 29
Crustacea fee ccc acai O 10
Vertebrata. ..... o Sica So aie elin 13 29
Plantad *2 328 Oe eo: 1 2
Oba hes Se eke seeteeame 176 314

a Also insect remains.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r79

A FOSSIL PLANT FROM ORANGE COUNTY
BY J. N. NEVIUS

Having been informed by the state geologist of the existence of
a large fossil plant at Monroe, Orange co., in the Upper Devonian
- sandstone, which is thought to belong to the Hamilton group, the
director of the museum requested me to investigate the matter; and
Ap. 8, 1898, the specimen was collected and shipped to the museum,
where it is now being prepared for exhibition.

The plant was imbedded in the typical thin-bedded, blue sand-
stone of that region, which is extensively used for flagging. It
was located in a cut which had been excavated to obtain flagging,
on a side hill about a mile and a half northward of the village of
Monroe. The strata dip sharply toward the southeast at this locali-
ty, and the sandstone, alternately bedded with shale, outcrops in a
series of ridges up the side of the hill. The plant was imbedded
in one of these sandstone ridges. The plant was in a partially in-
verted position, the lower end being several feet above the point at
which the limbs diverge ; and the angle of dip of the trunk was
greater than that of the strata containing it.

_ The cross section of the trunk averages 15 X 11 inches, the
shorter diameter being perpendicular to the bedding, and probably
caused by the pressure of the superincumbent rocks. Both flat-
tened surfaces show prominent transverse ridges and depressions,
which were evidently the natural contour of the plant. The
rounded surfaces were so badly weathered that it was impossible to
save several feet of them, but, where they were in a better condi-
tion, they showed the same ridges, which extend entirely around
the trunk. The ridges are somewhat irregular in contour, but their
general characteristics are the same. They average about 44 inches
apart, with an average altitude, from the depression to the crest of
the ridge, of 14 inches.

About six feet of the base had previously been removed by other
persons, a 16 inch section being in the possession of Columbia
university. The section obtained for the museum is about 12 feet
in length and includes the bases of several limbs. Six limbs were
counted, all branching within a distance of 4 feet along the trunk.

rs0 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

They are from 4 to 7 inches in diameter, and were so compressed
that it was difficult to trace any particular one for any distance.
Also, the close similarity between the material of the fossil limbs
and the surrounding sandstone rendered the tracing of a limb very
difficult. On the opposite end of the excavation (20 feet away)
the continuations of two limbs were perfectly distinguishable on
the face of the rock; the larger one being 54 inches in diameter and
of nearly circular cross section. As these limbs are imbedded in
solid sandstone, several feet below the surface of the ground, they
could be removed by careful working, and would give an idea of
the total hight of the plant, and possibly would lead to the discov-
ery of some fossil fruit or foliage. At this time it was impossible
to do better than to save the stumps of a few limbs.

The material of the fossil varies considerably. While the greater
part of the interior of the specimen varies in no particular from the
surrounding blue sandstone, and is homogeneous entirely across the
trunk, at some places the interior is a crumbling mass of carbo-
naceous sand and impure limonite (the latter probably derived from
the decomposition of pyrite) and in other places the material is al-
most a quartzite, and shows the cellular structure to better advantage.
The latter condition prevails particularly in the limbs, which show
more of a cellular structure than does the trunk; several of them
are hollow centered and have a tendency to fracture along the rings
of growth. Much of the exterior of the trunk was covered with a
thin layer of limonitic, earthy material, having a fibrous appearance,
which suggested bark ; and many of the troughs between the ridges
contained minute layers of soft coal. These materials were so
fragile that the greater part of them were destroyed by the neces-
sary handling of the specimen. ‘Thin sections of the plant, under a
microscope, show a more marked cellular structure than can be de-
tected by the eye. Sections of the sandstone composing the trunk,
which show no structure whatever to the eye, under the microscope
reveal a typical cellular structure. The specimen has not yet been
carefully studied under the microscope.

As the specimen had laid partially uncovered for several years, it
was badly fractured by the action of frost and other atmospheric
agencies, and it was only with the greatest care that the several
hundreds of pieces, into which it fell on attempting to remove it,

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Plate 1. To face p. 81

J. N. Nevius, photo.

The fossil tree in Devonian sandstone at Monroe, Orange county
(under snow)

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Plate 2. To face p. 81

J. N. Nevius, photo.

The fossil tree in Devonian sandstone, at Monroe, Orange county

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J. N. Nevius, photo.

Impression in Devonian sandstone, after removing the fossil tree, Monroe,

Orange county

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r81

could be so marked and preserved that it was possible to reunite
them at the museum.

Evidence of plant life abounds in the sandstone and shale at this
locality. Strata overlying those from which this plant was taken,
and outcropping 50 yards farther up the hillside, are filled with
fragments of plant remains a few inches in length and 4 inch wide,
which resemble fragments of seaweeds.

At several localities the black, carbonaceous condition of the shale
has lead to considerable excavating in a search for coal, which is, of
course, fruitless. It is stated that small quantities of “soft coal ”
(lignite) have been found that will burn readily ia an open grate.

As no paleobotanist has yet studied this specimen, its identity is
not determined. The transverse ridges may have been formed at
the bases of the leaves, in a manner similar to the ridges thus
formed on a cornstalk or sugar cane. Prof. John M. Clarke, as-
sistant state geologist, suggests that it may be the gigantic seaweed,
described by Dawson under the name “Celluloxylon pri-
maevum.”

‘The separate fragments have all been united with glue, the
interstices filled with cement, and the entire specimen will be
mounted in a bed of sand, over which a layer of hydraulic cement
will be spread to hold the specimen rigid and to prevent the access
of air and dampness. ~

Whatever the family and species of this plant may prove to be,
it is extremely rare from this horizon, and is a very valuable acces-
sion to the collections of the museum. - )

Plate 1 shows the plant under a light mantle of snow. The trans-
verse ridges are very prominently shown. Plate 2 shows the plant
with the surrounding rock removed, and ready to be taken out.
The branching end is at the bottom of the picture ; and the impos-
sibility of collecting the branches will readily be noticed. A com-
parison of plates 1 and 2 shows the length of the section that had
been removed by other persons. Plate 3 shows the impression left
in the sandstone after the specimen was removed.!

1 Since the abuve was written a microscopic examination of a part of the trunk has been made
by Prof. D. P. Penhallow who deternines it tobe Nematophyton logani Dawson.

/

r82 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

THE SACANDAGA MINING AND MILLING CO. AND
THE “SUTPHEN PROCESS”

BY J. N. NEVIUS

Public attention has so frequently been called to the claims of
persons who have reported the finding of gold in paying quantities
in the vast Quaternary sand plain of Saratoga, Warren and Essex
counties, that it was deemed advisable for the museum to investi-
gate some of the many localities in which the gold was said to
occur. Accordingly a visit was made to the mine and mill of the
Sacandaga mining and milling co., which are located on the north
bank of the Sacandaga river about a mile and a half west of the

village of Hadley, Saratoga co. The officers of the company
courteously permitted an examination of their property to be made
and explained their process.

This company has prospected the sands of that part of the state
extensively. Its representatives affirm that their investigations
prove that the sand, throughout almost the entire region, carries
gold, in quantities varying from mere traces at some localities to
several dollars’ worth a ton at other places; that the standard fire
assay generally fails to reveal the gold because it does not exist as
native gold, but is thought to be combined with bromin as a
bromid, and the bromin prevents the gold from forming a button
when assayed; and that the bromid of gold exists 3 throne eae the
interiors of the quartz particles of the sand.

The history of the discovery of gold in the New York sands is
said, by Alfred E. Copp of Buffalo, to be as follows.

More than 15 years ago William T. Bullis, of Glens Falls, de-
clared that he had discovered gold in the sand of that region, and
he spent the remainder of his life endeavoring to find a process'to
extract it on a commercial scale. He claimed that the fire assay was
unreliable in its results and said that he secured fair results by
using a barrel amalgamator containing cobblestones, and amalgamat
ing in the presence of water.

About the same time Dr C. P. Bellows, a dentist of Gloversville,
collected a sample of black sand from a neighboring stream and

To face p. 83

Plate 4.

Nevius, photo.

N.

J.

Gold mill and mine at Hadley, Saratoga county

Plate 5. To face p. 83

N. Nevius, photo.

Sand dryer and pulverizer, Hadley gold mill, first floor

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r83

had it assayed. The report stated the value to be $7.63 aton. He
~ undertook an investigation, and arrived at conclusions similar to
those of Mr Bullis. Other investigators were C. O. Yale, inventor
of the famous lock, and Alonzo Chase, of Redfield S. D. The
latter made a great many tests of sands from Hamilton and Fulton
counties, and states that the average value obtained was $4 a ton;
he also states that his fire assays frequently gave widely differing
results from the same sample of sand.

A few years ago John E. Sutphen, of Albany, took up the in-
vestigation with Mr Bullis. After the death of the latter, Mr
Sutphen developed the process which bears his name, and which is
being tried for the first time on a commercial scale at this mill.

At the point where the mill is located the Sacandaga river has cut
the Quaternary sand plain into three distinct terraces, the lowest of
which rises abruptly from the river to a hight of 85 feet. The mill
is situated on this terrace, about 100 yards from the river bank and
directly against the face of the second terrace, which is 40. feet in
hight. This second terrace consists of a 10 foot stratum of clear
sand, underlain and overlain by strata of sand and gravel; the peb-
bles of the latter rarely exceeding 5 inches in diameter.

The sand consists almost exclusively of quartz grains, with a
small percentage of magnetite and mica and a still smaller quantity
of garnet and other minerals. It is stained a light buff color by
the presence of a small amount of oxid of iron. The majority of
the grains are rather sharp and regular, though a considerable pro-
portion of them are well rounded by abrasion. This indicates that
the greater part of the sand was derived from local sources with a
smaller amount of material transported by water from a distance.
Such is probably the case, as the sand is typically of postglacial
flood plain origin, which the river has subsequently cut into three
well defined terraces.

Plate 4 shows the mill, the tailings dump and the opening in the
second terrace from which the sand is taken. Plate 5 shows the
ground floor of the mill.

- The sand is removed from the terrace in wheelbarrows, and is
dumped into a trough on the second floor of the mill, from which
it is led down to the dryer and sifter shown in the background on
the left of plate 5. This consists of a revolving cylindric screen

r84 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM
;

incased in a brick structure into which hot air is led. As the sand
passes through the screen, it is dried and sifted; all the coarser
gravel, passing out at the open end, is discarded. The dried sand
is raised by a belt conveyor to a receiver, from which it feeds into
the Narod mill, shown on the right of plate 5.

This mill consists of a number of small steel rolls arranged in
pairs, which are kept in contact by powerful springs. The rolls are
incased in a cylindric screen of 100 mesh. A draft of air meets
the pulverized sand as it comes from the rolls, and throws it against
this screen, through which it passes to a conveyor, which elevates it’
to the third floor of the mill and deposits it into a hopper. The
particles which are too coarse to pass the screen find their way
between the rolls again.

As previously stated, it is asserted that the bromid of gold exists
throughout the interiors of the quartz grains; hence the fine pul-
verization is necessary.

Plate 6 shows the hopper, on the third floor, which receives the
pulverized sand from the conveyor, and from which it is packed in
bags of definite weight. Plate 6 also shows two of the four funnel-
shaped vats set in the floor, in which the sand, one bag at a time, is
mixed with the chemicals that reduce the bromid of gold and leave
the gold free to amalgamate in the next step of the process. It is
this chemical solution on which the success of the process is said to
depend, and the secret of its composition is closely guarded.

After the sand is mixed with the chemicals, it is conducted
through iron pipes leading from the bottoms of the mixing vats to
the Sutphen amalgamators on the floor below. (See plate 7)

There are eight of these amalgamators arranged in four pairs,
each pair being supplied from one of the four mixing vats above.
They are hollow iron cylinders, about 4 feet in length and 16 inches
in diameter, with an opening at the center into which a cover
screws. In each amalgamator is a solid steel cylinder 7 inches i
diameter. They are connected with the power shaft by belts and
pulley wheels, by which they are revolved. This amalgamator is
the invention of one of the persons interested in the mill, and was
designed specially for this process. ‘The amalgamators are charged
with the sand, after it has been acted on by the chemicals, and with
mercury to amalgamate the now free gold. As they are revolved,

Plate 6. To face p. 84

J. N. Nevius, photo.

Bags of crushed sand and vats for mixing sand with chemicals. Hadley gold mill

Plate 7. To face p. 84

J. N. Nevius, photo.

Sutphen amalgamators, Hadley gold mill, second floor

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 £85.

the rolling of the inclosed steel cylinders forces the mercury through
the sand most effectively. When sufficient time has elapsed to
complete the amalgamation, the amalgamator is stopped, the cover
removed, and the amalgamator revolved to a definite point marked
on the circumference, where the sand and liquor are allowed to
escape, but the mercury is retained. The sand and liquor are led
off to vats, where the sand settles to the bottom and allows the
liquor to be drawn off to be used again. The sand is shoveled onto
the trailings dump. The amalgamator is then ready for a new
charge of sand and liquor. The gold is recovered from the amal-
gam in the usual manner.

The mill is operated by steam power; the boiler being of 60
horse power, and the horizontal engine of 50 horse power. It is
excellently arranged for its purpose, and is estimated to have a
daily capacity of 10 tons.

Much difficulty has been experienced in obtaining a grinder that
would pulverize the quartz sand to the necessary degree of fineness—
- 100 mesh. Several types of machines have been tried, but the
quartz wore away the grinding surfaces in ashort time and rendered
them useless. Another difficulty experienced was that oil from the
pulverizer permeated the sand and interfered with the amalgama-
tion. The Narod mill, which is now in use, has proved more satis-
factory than any other. The Kent mill js also bemg experimented
with, successfully.

tis stated that the results obtained from three trial runs of the
mill have been as follows:

Ist run; 5 tons of sand yielded $5.90 in gold a ton. 2d run; 30
tons of sand yielded $7.in gold a ton. 38d run; about 30 tons of
sand yielded $7.40 in goldaton. The superintendent of the mill
stated that a recent trial run had been made, during which 100 tons
of sand were used, from which gold to the value of $460 was ob-
tained, at an estimated cost of $2.50 a ton. Later a quantity of
amalgam which had escaped was discovered, from which $70 worth
of gold was obtained, making the total value of the run about $530.
The sand used is estimated to contain on the average $7.50 worth of
gojd anda small amount of silver to the ton. The corresponding
terrace on the south side of the river, opposite the mill, is said to
contain an average value of but 50c to the ton.

rs6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Sands from many localities in this section of the state have been
tested by the “Sutphen” process, and nearly all samples have
shown some values of gold when treated by this method, which can
not be obtained by the standard fire assay.

The fire assay is the method at present employed for determining
the actual quantity of gold that an ore contains. To make this test,
a portion of ore is accurately weighed, mixed with the proper fiuxes
to aid the heat in breaking down the chemical composition of the
rock, placed in a crucible, and submitted to a heat sufficient thor-
oughly to fuse the mass. The gold, being heavier than the rock,
sinks through the molten mass, and is collected in pure lead at the
bottom of the crucible. The button of lead and gold thus formed,
is then freed from the mass and cupelled, by which process the
lead is oxidized off, and the gold is left in the form of a spongy
mass, the weight of which, compared to the weight of ore used,
shows the percentage of gold contained in the ore. The propor-
tion is usually expressed by the value of gold contained in one ton
of ore. This process is so perfect that no commercial method of
treating ore has yet been devised which will extract all the gold that
the tire assay shows to be present in the ore. The fire assay will
separate the gold from an ore that contains only 20c¢ worth a ton.
The sand at Hadley is said to show about $7.50 worth of gold a ten

when treated by the Sutphen process. It is said that this gold is

thought to exist asa bromid. Bromin is an extremely volatile ele-
ment, and there is no visible reason why its chemical combination
with the gold should not be readily broken down by the heat of the
fire assay, and the gold obtained as usual.

A sample of sand collected from the spot from which the muill’s
supply is obtamed was assayed for the museum, and the value was
reported to bea “trace” of gold to the ton, which means a value
of less than 20¢ a ton. No value of silver was obtained. Another
sample of the same sand was tested by Dr E. J. Wheeler, of
Albany, for the presence of bromin, but no trace of this element
was detected. These two tests prove that the Hadley sand does not
contain bromid of gold to the value of $7.50 aton. In just what
chemical combination or physical condition the gold could exist in
the sand to the value of $7.50 a ton, and would not be detected by
the fire assay, but, after undergoing a simple chemical operation,

at De Vi ol tek

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r87

would be susceptible to amalgamation in paying quantities, is a
question which remains for the people interested in this process to
explain, before the scientific world, whose confidence rests implicitly
on the accuracy of the fire assay, will credit their theory.

The laboratory at Glens Falls

This company operates an experimental laboratory at Glens Falls.
Here is located a small plant on the same principles as the commer-
cial mill at Hadley, in which are tested the samples of sand from the
various localities the company is investigating. Ores received from
persons outside are also tested.

The laboratory receives from the United States mint at Phila-
delphia the “sweeps” after they have been assayed at the mint.
These consist of the sweepings from the floors and chimneys, the
broken crucibles and cupels, and everything that has been in contact
with the precious metals. These materials are saved, and are
treated to recover the minute particles of gold and silver which -
adhere to them. After the mint has recovered all the value that
can be economically saved, the refuse is turned over to this com-
pany, and is treated by its process’ to recover farther values. Just

? was not stated.

what results are obtained from the ‘ sweeps’

One sample of sand from the mine at Hadley that was tested here
is reported to have shown a value cof $34 a ton, and a sample from
Essex county was reported to carry $1.11 worth of silver and a little
over $27 worth of gold a ton.

The curiosity and interest aroused by the operations of this com-
pany, aided by the excitement produced by the exaggerated accounts
of the gold discoveries in the region of the “Klondyke”, are
chiefly responsible for the 3000 claims for gold and silver properties
that have been filed with the secretary of state of New York during
the past two years. Most of these claims refer to sand, or “ placer”
properties, and most of them are located in the counties of Saratoga,
Essex, Fulton, Herkiiner, Warren and Lewis. At some localities
the sand areas are almost entirely covered by claims, so intense has
the latent interest become. A large number of claims are held by
parties directly interested in the “ Sutphen process ”’.

r88 ' NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

NOTES ON A TRIP FROM PORT JERVIS TO RONDOUT
BY HEINRICH RIES |

This trip was undertaken partly to ascertain the conditions exist-
ing in this region during the glacial and postglacial period, and also
to determine, if possible, whether the estuary clays extended up the
Rondout valley toward Ellenville, as maintained by Darton.

While most of the facts noted are rather superficial, as the work
was in the nature of a reconnaissance, at the same time they are
very suggestive and point to the desirability of farther and more
detailed work in this area.

The monoclinal valley extending from Rosendale to Port Jervis
is bounded on its southeastern side (for it runs northeast and south-
west) by Shawangunk mountain, while on its northwestern side as
far as Kerhonkson, northeast of Ellenville, the valley is bordered by
the ridge of Hamilton and Marcellus shales and sandstones.

The valley has been eroded in the Corniferous limestone, rem-
nants of which can be seen at several localities, as on Carpenter’s
point at Port Jervis, and again north of Port Orange.

This valley from Kingston to Port Jervis and southwestward is
Postcretaceous.?

Its exact depth is not known, but it was undoubtedly considerable,
as at Port Jervis for instance the drift has been penetrated to a depth
of 113 feet without striking bed rock.?

This drift material consists of sand, gravel and boulders. Usually
the pebbles do not exceed a diameter of 8 or 10 inches, and the
material shows little or no stratification.

Subsequent to the deposition of this drift the water flowing
down the valley eroded much of it, but left more or less along the
sides of the valley in the form of two series of terraces. The one
coincides with the upper terrace at Port Jervis, the other with the
lower one, and this latter above Huguenot forms the broad, flat,
bottom of the valley.

The upper terrace can be traced quite continuously, specially on
the northwest side of the valley, as far as Summitville, at which
point the best developments are on the southeastern side.

1R. D. Salisbury. Final rep’t, N. J. geol. sur. 4: (3)
2Rep't G6, Pa geol. sur.

'

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 rs9

At Port Jervis the upper terrace is about 470 feet A. T., while
the lower one is 425. From Port Jervis to Huguenot this former
fills nearly the whole valley, but above this it narrows rapidly, so
that only a narrow shelf remains, leaving the lower terrace to form
the valley bottom.

The two are well seen north of Huguenot village, where the
upper one projects out into the valley with great distinctness.

Following up the valley, other good developments of the upper
terrace are at Port Clinton and again at Cuddebackville, though
here there is no longer the same difference in level between the two
terraces, the upper being only 35 feet above the lower according to
barometric determinations. The upper terrace also extends up the
valley of Neversink river as far as Oakland Valley. At this latter
point there is a deposit of fine-grained pottery clay in an embay-
ment of the valley, which is said to be 60 feet thick as determined
by boring.

At West Brookville the upper terrace appears to be wanting,
while the lower extends a short distance up a small valley’to the
northwest.

From West Brookville nearly up to Wurtsboro the bottom of the
valley is flat and swampy with an occasional island of gravel. This
swamp was formed some years ago during a period of freshet,
when the tributary of Basherkill washed down such a quantity of
gravel as to form a low dam across the vailey at this point. A
comparatively small outlay would clean out the river bed and drain
the tract, which at present is, to a large extent, useless.

There are benches at several points on the’ west side of the val-
ley between West Brookville and Wurtsboro, which are probably
stream terraces, but the rain wash from the hillsides, and erosion of
_ the terrace escarpment, has rendered them somewhat indefinite.

The streain which occupied the valley when the bottom was at
the level of the upper terrace, has left evidence of its meanderings,
for on this terrace, northeast of Port Jervis, can be seen an oxbow
formed by the stream at this earlier date, and now occupied in part
by a pond. |

Summitville, on the New York, Ontario and Western railroad, is
the dividing point of the drainage into the Delaware and Hudson
rivers. Homowack creek flows from Summitville northeast to

r90 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM .

Homowack, where it joins Sandburg creek, entering the valley
from the west and continuing down it to Ellenville. ,

Two miles northeast of Ellenville, Rondout creek enters the
valley and follows it to the Hudson.

The points, or rather the more important ones, noted in driving
down the valley from Summitville to Rosendale, are these.

At Summitville there is a considerable accumulation of drift in
the valley, and no evidence of any bed rock. None was seen in
the valley from Summitville to Ellenville, or mdeed beyond this —
point. The stream descends 90 feet from Ellenville to Port Jack-
son according to barometric readings, while from this latter point to
Rondout it descends 200 feet. From Ellenville to Port Benjamin
the valley is quite narrow, but it then begins to broaden out to the
northwest, and in the triangular area between Port Hixon, Mom-
baceus and Port Jackson, there is a low, undulating region under-
lain by considerable fine, sandy material and extensive beds of clay.
The first impression is that these might be associated with the
Hudson valley estuary deposits, but their elevation, which igs about
350 feet A. T. as near as I can estimate it from barometric readings,
would indicate a much greater postglacial submergence for this
region than hitherto supposed. One possible explanation, and it
seems to me a very plausible one, would be that a glacial lake existed
for a time in this region. One shore of this lake would be along
the northwest side of Shawangunk mountain, another shore would
be along the southeast edge of the Catskills, while on the north the
water would have been held in by the ice, and the drift barrier at
Summitville would have checked it in that direction. Then again
the flowing off of the water to the southeast, down the valley from
Sumumitville to Port Jervis, might account for the abundant devel-
opment of astream terrace below the former point, and its apparent
absence northeast of it, though it should be mentioned that the
valley from Summitville to Ellenville is narrower than southeast of
the former locality, and consequently any drift accumulations might
be more easily washed away. .

Whether the theory of a glacial lake is correct is a point which
could be proven only by more detailed field work in the region ~
northwest and north of Port Hixon and Kerhonkson, but, as I have
said befcre, the facts seem to favor that view.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r91

Darton, in his report on the geology of Ulster co.1 seems to con-
sider these as a part of the estuary deposits, but he probably did
not give them very careful consideration.

The area which this lake occupied, if it did exist, is not a heavily
wooded one, and the detail could consequently be the more easily
worked out. The points to look for would, of course, be the ex-
istence of any deltas at the mouths of streams entering this lake,
and possibly some trace of shore lines in the form of either wave-
built or wave-cut terraces might be found.

The estuary clays and overlying sands extend up the valley as far
as Rosendale, and even to Highfalls. There is a well marked
terrace area one mile west of Rosendale, at the point where Cox-
~ ingkill enters Rondout creek. The main estuary terrace, however,
extends up the valley of the Wallkill; the country between Ron-
-dout creek and the Wallkill, east and south of Rosendale, is underlain
by a broad terrace area. In the vicinity of Springtown, farther up
the valley, the western border of the terrace is not over an eighth
of a mile west of the railroad, while its eastern edge is fully a mile
or more to the east of Springtown. At New Paltz, the Walikill
Valley railroad follows the eastern edge, while the western is across
the valley about one mile distant. Southeast of New Paltz the
terrace can be traced as far as Libertyville, and a short distance
beyond. All of the sections between this point and Springtown
show an abundance of sand and very little clay, indicating that the
delta of the Wallkill was in this vicinity, and that most of the clay
was washed farther down toward the valley. There is some clay
just south of New Paltz, but it is quite sandy.

1 Rep’t N. Y. state geol. 1893. 1:369.

r92 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

REPORT- ON THE *PISHES “OF ~ LONG ISLAND COL-
LECTED IN THE SUMMER OF 1898

BY DR TARLETON H. BEAN

Investigations carried on for the New York state museum from
July to September, in the waters of the southern part of Long
Island, resulted in the collection of 73 species of fishes belonging to
the region, besides 11 additional species from Lakes Ontario and
Chautauqua and Coldspring Harbor.

Work was begun at Southampton, July 21, and continued till
September 16. The waters explored were Shinnecock, Mecox,
Peconic and Great South bays and the ocean near Southampton.

Fine-meshed seines, a gill net of two inch stretch mesh, and a
trawl line with about 200 hooks were used in capturing the fishes,
and some interesting species were obtained from the seines and nets
of fishermen on the ocean beach and the pound nets in Great South
bay. Barton A. Bean assisted the writer during the first month of
the explorations.

An abstraet of the season’s work was published by permission of
Director F. J. H. Merrill, in Sczence Jan. 18, 1899. In that article
the writer gave a brief account of some noteworthy changes which
he has observed in Great South bay since his former investigations,
in 1884 and 1890. The fewness of summer visitors was probably
due to the prevalence of strong southerly winds and the high water
temperatures, which kept the migrating fishes in more northerly
waters till later than usual in the fall. :

One of the most interesting species collected is the rough silver-
side (Kirtlandia laciniata), which has never before been
recorded in the state waters. Only a single example was taken, and
this was associated with the common silversides in Mecox bay.
Other fishes of greater or less rarity were the halfbeak, the thread-
fish, the lookdown, the pompano, the “Irish” pompano (Eucino-
stomus gula), of which a single small specimen was s secured,
and the yellowtail or silver perch.

A large reflector lantern was very successfully used at nie for
the capture of halfbeaks, gars and many other fishes, and for study-
ing the attitudes of the species when at rest on the bottom.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r93

Contributions were received from Livingston Stone, Cape Vin-
cent N. Y., A. P. Latto, Southampton N. Y., Charles H. Walters,

Coldspring Harbor N. Y., W. F. Olark, Islip N. Y., and James
~ Annin jr, Caledonia N. Y. Reference is made to their gifts in the
notes on the species. 3

The following is a detailed list of the fishes and the localities
from which they were obtained. .

-Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus
Sea Lamprey

A young individual, taken at Coldspring Harbor L. I., was re-
ceived from Charles H. Walters in September.

Mustelus canis (J/2tchill)
Dog-shark ; smooth dogfish

The following examples were obtained.

Southampton, Atlantic ocean 4 Aug.
Islip, Great South bay. (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.
é Wigo inlet, Great South bay ~ 8 Sep.
@ Wigo inlet, Great South bay 8 Sep.

Carcharhinus obscurus (Le Sueur)
Dusky shark

A young specimen was caught in a pound by W. F. Clark, of
Islip, Long Island, and presented to the state museum.

Carcharias littoralis (Mitchiil)
Sand shark

Some of the teeth of a large individual were secured from A. P.
Latto at Southampton in July. Instead of a single basal cusp, as
usual, certain teeth had two such cusps on each side. The last sand
shark seen by me during the summer was observed September 16
near the inlet at Fire Island, swimming slowly westward near the
surface. A list of specimens follows.

_ (Teeth) Southampton, Atlantic ocean July

6 Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 6 Sep.
@ Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 6 Sep.

rg4 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lamna cornubica (Gmelin)
Mackerel shark
A fine young example, about 3$ feet long was presented to the |
museum in July by A. P. Latto, who caught it in a gill net at
Southampton L. I.
Squalus acanthias Linnaeus
Spined dogfish
Small examples were sent from Southampton L. I., October 20

by A. P. Latto:
Raja erinacea Mitchill

Prickly skate

This skate was caught sparingly at Southampton L. 1, August 3,
and specimens were presented by A. P. Latto.

Raja ocellata Mitchill
Spotted skate

A female was caught near the inlet, at Fire Island, September
29. The species was more abundant later in the fall.

Raja eglanteria (Bosc)
Clear-nosed skate
These specimens were collected:

@ Fire Island inlet 7 Sep.
@ Fire Island inlet, speared 7 Sep.
¢ Wigo inlet, on trawl line 8 Sep.

Ameiurus nebulosus (Le Sueur)
Bullhead

The species was seined in moderate numbers in Swan river, at
Patchogue L. L., August 12.

Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus
Carp

A young individual of the scale carp was received from Charles
H. Walters, Coldspring Harbor L. I., in September.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r95

Pimephales notatus (/?a/.)
Fathead minnow
Obtained in the St Lawrence river, at Cape Vincent N. Y.,

August 9, by Livingston Stone and by him presented to the

museum.
Abramis crysoleucas (Mitchill)

Roach

Specimens were collected in the St Lawrence river, August 9, at
Cape Vincent N. Y., by Livingston Stone, and presented to the

museum.
Notropis hudsonius (De Watt Clinton)

Spawn eater

Livingston Stone collected specimens in the St Lawrence river, at
Cape Vincent N. Y., August 9, and presented them to the museum

Notropis whippli (Gzrard)

Specimens were obtained in the St Lawence river, at Cape Vin-
cent N. Y., August 9, by Livingston Stone for the state museum.

Notropis atherinoides (af.
Silvery minnow

Taken in the St Lawrence river, at Cape Vincent N. Y., August
9, by Livingston Stone, and presented by him to the state museum.

Anguilla chrysypa Laf.
Eel

_ Young eels were obtained in Shinnecock bay, July 22; in Peconic

Bay, July 28; and in Swan river at Patchogue L. I., August 24.
Larger individuals were taken in Peconic bay, July 29. A male
was seined at the mouth of Dunean’s creek, Great South bay,
August 29. The male is rarely recorded, and most of the specimens
known have been secured in Great South bay.

Leptocephalus conger (Linnaeus)

Conger eel |

An individual nearly 3 feet long was captured with a hand line
by A. P. Latto in the ocean, near Southampton L. I., August 3
while fishing for sea-bass and scup. Conger eels are occasionally

r96 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

_—

taken in that way. The fishermen dislike to handle this eel on
account of its pugnacity and strength.

Elops saurus /innaeus
Big-eyed herring

Several examples, each about one foot long, were taken at South-
ampton L. I., im October, and presented to the state museum by
AP. lathe:

It was reported to me by Capt. H. E. Swezey that a tarpon was
found in Swan river, at Patchogue, after my collecting season
closed. He said the fish was 4 feet long, and he believes it came
into the river alive. |

Pomolobus mediocris (M/ztchell)
Hickory shad

A few specimens were seined at Bluepoint cove, Great South

bay, August 16, and at Howell’s point, in the same bay, August 31.

Pomolobus pseudoharengus ( W2/son)
Alewife; branch herring

Young individuals were collected as follows:

Shinnecock bay 22 and 26 July
Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
Peconic bay 29 July

Mecox bay 1 and 2 Aug.
Swan river, Patchogue 12 and 23 Aug.
Great South bay, south side 15 Aug.

Dunean’s creek, Great South bay 29 Aug.
Howell’s point, Great South bay 381 Aug.

Adults were obtained in Mecox bay, August 1, and at Howell’s
point, August 81. The Mecox bay fish had been landlocked by the
filling up of the inlet from the Atlantic.

Brevoortia tyrannus (Latrobe)
Menhaden
The young were obtained at the following localities: Duncan’s

creek, Howell’s point and Nichols’s point on the same date, August
29. Adults were sent from Islip, August 18, by W. F. Clark,

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r97

Stolephorus brownii (Gmelin)
Anchovy
Not common during the summer. Found at Bluepoint cove,
Great South bay, August 18. Young examples were obtained at
Nichols’s point, September 1.
Stolephorus mitchilli (C. & V.)
Anchovy

A very common species in summer. The following list of local-
ities will show its general distribution.

Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July

Mecox bay 2 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13 and 18. Aug.
Howell’s point, ae 29 and 31 Aug.
Duncan’s creek, Ms 29 Aug. :
Nichols’s point, é 1 Sep. (young)
Fire Island inlet, 13 and 16 Sep.
Oak island beach, ‘s 14 Sep. ;

One of the specimens secured at Fire Island inlet had a lernean
parasite attached to it.

Osmerus mordax (M/tchill)
Smelt

The only one obtained was sent by Charles H. Walters from
Coldspring Harbor L. I., in September. It had been preserved for
some time by Mr Walters. .

Lucius americanus (Gmelin)
Banded pickerel

This little pickerel was found in moderate numbers in Swan
river, at Patchogue, August 12 and 24. It is an excellent food fish.

Lucius reticulatus (Le Sueur)
Chain pickerel

Seined in moderate numbers at Water Mill L. I., in a small tribu-
tary of Mecox bay and in the fresh portion of the bay itself.
Young and adults were secured August 1.

r98 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lucius lucius (Linnaeus)
Pike
Livingston Stone obtained a specimen at Cape Vincent N. Y., in
the St Lawrence river, and presented it to the.state museum.

Lucius masquinongy immaculatus (Garrard)
Unspotted mascalonge

A fine example, caught in Chautauqua lake N. Y., August 25,
was presented for the collection by James Annin jr. .

Fundulus majalis ( Walbauwm)
Bass killy
Common everywhere on sandy bottoms. Specimens were taken
at the following places :

2 Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
6 Peconic bay 29 July
Great South bay 15 Aug.

(young) Bluepoint, Great South bay 16 and 18 Aug.
Fire Island inlet, south side 16 Sep.

U

Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus)
Killifish ; mummichog

A very common species, abundant wherever found. Specimens
were taken at the following localities :

East end, Shinnecock bay 21, 22 and 26 J uly
@ Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July

South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.

Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 16 and 18 Aug.

Bellport life saving station 30 Aug.

East side, Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

Fundulus diaphanus (Le Sueur)
Fresh water killy
Abundant in the fresh or slightly brackish waters of Long
Island.
Collections were obtained at the following places:
Shinnecoek bay, east end 21 July
@ Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
Mecox bay ad Any.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r99

Lucania parva (Baird & Girard)
Very abundant in the bays of eastern Long Island, sometimes
found in fresh or slightly brackish water.
A list of localities follows:

East end, Shinnecock bay 21, 22 and 26 July
Peconic bay 23 July

Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July

Mecox bay 1 and 2 Aug.
Swan river, Patehogue 12 and 23 Aug.
South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.

Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 16 and 18 Aug.
Howell’s point, Great South bay 29 Aug.
Bellport life saving station 31 Aug.

Cyprinodon variegatus Lacépéde
Lebias; Short killy

This species was obtained at the following localities:

6 Shinnecock bay 21 and 22 July
Scallop pond, Great South bay 28 July
Mecox bay 1 and 2 Aug.

South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.
Patchogue, Great South bay 29 Aug.
Bellport life saving station 30 Aug.
East side, Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.
The example taken at Patchogue had large tumors, caused by
psorosperms.
Tylosurus marinus ( Walbawm)
Silver gar
Common everywhere and very destructive to seines as well as to
fish. Specimens were taken as follows:

(young) Shinnecock bay, east side 21, 22 and 26 July
Peconic bay 23 July
Seallop pond, Peconic bay 23 July
Mecox bay 2 Aug.
Swan river, Patchogue 12 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13, 16 and 18 Aug.

Bluepoint cove 16 and 18 Aug.

£100 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.
Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

Hyporhamphus roberti (C. & V.)
Halfbeak )

The halfbeak was present in Great South bay in small numbers
during August and September. Only one adult was secured. The
following is a list of localities.

(young) South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.
‘¢ Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 22 Aug.
‘‘ Horsefoot creek, Great South bay 25 Aug.
‘*¢ Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 16 Sep.

This species, like the silver gar, is readily caught at night by the
aid of a lantern. The light seems to daze the fish so that it does
not see the net.

Pygosteus pungitius (Linnaeus)
10 spined stickleback

Usually not abundant in most of the places visited in summer.
The following were taken:

Shinnecock bay ; 21 and 26 July
Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
South side, Great South bay » 15 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 16 and 18 Aug.
Bellport life saving station 30 Aug.

Gasterosteus bispinosus Walbauwm
Two spined stickleback

Not common in summer. Found only in Shinnecock bay, July
22, and in Scallop pond, Peconic bay, July 28.

Apeltes quadracus (J/itchil!)
Four spined stickleback

Very common in many localities, as may be seen from the fol-
lowing list.

Shinnecock bay 22 July
Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
Peconic bay 29 July

Mecox bay 2 Aug.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r101

Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 138, 16 and 18 Aug.

South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.
Swan river, Patchogue 24 Aug.
Howell’s point, Great South bay 29 Aug.
Bellport life saving station 30 Aug.
Nichols’s point, Great South bay — 1 Sep.
Fire Island inlet | 16 Sep.

The examples taken at Patchogue, August 24, were in fresh

water.
Siphostoma fuscum Storer

Pipefish ; Billfish
Young and adult individuals were abundant during the summer.
The following localities furnished specimens.

Shinnecock bay 22 July
Peconic bay 23 and 29 July

é Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
Mecox bay 1 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13 and 16 Aug. .
South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.

Aowell’s point, Great South bay 29 Aug.
Dunean’s creek, Great South bay 29 Aug.

(young) Fire Island inlet 8 Sep.
Oak Island beach, Great South bay 14 Sep.
East side, Fire Island Inlet 16 Sep.
Fire Island . 7 Sep.
Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

Hippocampus hudsonius De Kay
- Sea horse

‘The sea horse was scarce in the regions visited during the sum-
mer. A single small example was received from A. P. Latto of
Southampton, September 11, and a larger one was seined September
16, on the east side of Fire Island inlet.

Aphredoderus sayanus (Gilliams)
Pirate perch

Found in moderate numbers in lakes near Patchogue. A few
specimens were seined in Swan river, August 24. It is unknown to
the fishermen.

r102 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Kirtlandia laciniata (Swain)
Rough silverside
The only individual obtained was caught in Mecox bay, August
1. This was the first specimen recorded in New York waters.
Though diligent search was made in Mecox bay SSeS no
additional examples were seen.

Menidia beryllina (Cope)
Fresh-water silverside
Abundant, and occurs sometimes in salt water, but its usual
habitat is in fresh or slightly brackish water. The following locali-
ties furnished specimens.

Shinnecock bay 21, 22 and 26 July
(young) Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
Mecox bay 1 and 2 Aug.
Swan river, Patchogue 12 Aug.
South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.
“ . Swan river, Patchogue 23 Aug.
Horsefoot creek, Great South bay 25 Aug.
Bellport life saving station 30 Aug.

Menidia notata (M/itchill)
Silverside
Common everywhere. Specimens were taken at the following
localities :

Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
Peconic bay 29 July
Mecox bay 2 Aug.
Ocean beach, Southampton 3 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13 and 16 Eas
South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.
Point of woods, Great South bay 16 Aug.
Bellport life saving station 30 Aug.

Howell’s point, Great South bay 31 Aug.
Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.
Fire Island inlet 13 Sep.
Oak Island beach 14 Sep.
Kast side, Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r103

Mugil cephalus Linnaeus
Striped mullet
The striped mullet was not abundant in the waters seined till fall.
Several were collected in Mecox bay, August 2, and a larger num-
ber in Clam Pond cove, Great South bay, August 22, but the great
schools were absent till October.

Mugil curema 0. & J.
Silver mullet

Young individuals were taken at the following places.
Swan river, Patchogue 12 Ane
South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.
Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 26 Aug.

Adults were scarce, but half-grown specimens were abundant in
September and October.

Caranx hippos (Linnaeus)
Yellow mackerel

Only young individuals were seen and these were scarce. The
following localities furnished them.

Ocean beach, Southampton 3 Aug.
Bluepoint, Great South bay 13 Aug.
Dunean’s creek, Great South bay 29 Aug.

A young fish seined at Howell’s point, August 29, had its tail
and a portion of the caudal peduncle bitten off, probably by a
bluefish. :

Alectis ciliaris (loch)

Threadfish

This species was caught ina pound net at Islip L. I., August 18,
and presented by W. F. Clark.

Selene vomer (Linnaeus)

Look down; Moonfish

Searee. Taken at Duncan’s creek, Great South bay, August 29.
Only the young were seen.

r104 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Trachinotus carolinus (Linnaeus)
Pompano

Young specimens were found in moderate numbers at Oak Island
beach, Great South bay, September 14, and on the east side of Fire
Island beach, September 16.

Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus)
Bluefish
The young were abundant in all the waters visited, and were
feeding on anchovies, silversides and other small fishes. F ollowing
is alist of localities :

Peconic bay 23 July
Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
Swan river, Patchogue 12 Aug.
Bluepoint, Great South bay 13,16 and 18 Aug.
Islip (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.

Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1. Sep.

Palinurichthys perciformis (M/itchiil)
Rudder fish

Young and half-grown individuals were obtained in the Atlantic
off Southampton L. I., August 2, under floating logs and boxes.

Rhombus triacanthus (Peck)
Butter fish

Adult examples were caught by A. P. Latto in the Atlantic off
Southampton L. L., August 1 and 8.

Ambloplites rupestris (2a/f,)
| Rock bass
Livingston Stone sent a specimen from Cape Vincent N. Y.,
August 9; it was taken in the St Lawrence river.
Eupomotis gibbosus (Linnaeus)
Common sunfish

The common sunfish was seined at Water Mill L. L, August 1
and 2, once in the brackish water uf Mecox bay. Livingston Stone
also obtained the species, August 9, in the St Lawrence river, at

Cape Vincent N. Y.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r105

Micropterus dolomieu Lacépéde
Small-mouthed black bass

This bass was sent from Cape Vincent N. Y., by Livingston
Stone, August 9. :

Micropterus salmoides Lacépede
Large-mouthed black bass

Sent from Cape Vincent N. Y., by Livingston Stone, who ob-
tained it in the St Lawrence river, August 9.

Perca flavescens (MMitchiill)
Yellow perch

Sent from Cape Vincent N. Y., by Livingston Stone, August 9.
Common in many Long Island streams and lakes.

Roccus lineatus (loch)
Striped bass
Occasionally taken in Great South bay during the summer.
Specimens were obtained at Bluepoint cove, August 18, and at
Nichols’s point, September 1.

Morone americana (Gmelin)
White perch

Young individuals were seined in Shinnecock bay, July 22, and
in Swan river, at Patchogue, August 12.

Centropristes striatus (Linnaeus)
Black sea bass

Adults were abundant off shore at Southampton, August 3.
W. F. Clark sent half grown specimens from Islip, August 18.
Young were obtained at the following localities : |
Point of woods, Great South bay 16 Aug.

Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 22 Aug.
Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.
Fire Island inlet 8, 13 and 16 Sep.
Oak island beach, Great South bay 14 Sep.

r106 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Stenotomus chrysops (Linnaeus)

Seup; porgy
Adults were taken in moderate numbers off Southampton, August
3. Half-grown specimens were obtained at Islip, August 18, by
W.F. Clark. A single young individual was seined at Nichols’s
point, Great South bay, September 1, and a moderate number of
young, about 2 inches long, were secured at Fire Island inlet, east
side, September 16.

Eucinostomus gula (C. & JV.)
Silver Jenny

The only individual seen in Great South bay was a very small
one, seined in Clam Pond cove, August 22.

Cynoscion regalis (5/7. & Schn.)
Weaktish
Young examples were seined at the following places:

Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13 and 16 Aug.
Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.

Bairdiella chrysura (Lacépéde)
Yellow-tail

The young were found in abundance at Nichols’s point, Great
South bay, September 1.

Menticirrhus saxatilis (57. & Schn.)
Kingfish

Almost without exception, the examples collected were young,
the exception being an adult from Clam Pond cove, August 26.
Young were seined as follows :
Peconic bay 29 July
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 18 and 25 Aug.
Howell’s point, Great South bay 31 Aug.
Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.
Fire Island inlet 8, 13 and 16 Sep.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r107

Tautogolabrus adspersus ( Walbaum)
Bergall; cunner

The bergall was found at the following localities:

Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
(young) Peconic bay 29 July
South side, Great South bay 15 Aug.

Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 16 Aug.
Dunean’s creek, Great South bay 29 Aug.
Fire Island inlet 8 Sep.

Tautoga onitis (Linnaeus)
Black-fish ; tautog

Abundant. Specimens were collected at:

Peconic bay 23 July

Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July

(young) Peconic bay 29 July
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13, 16 and 18 Aug.

“< Bluepoint cove 25 Aug.

Islip, Great South bay (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.

“< Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.

« East side, Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

Monacanthus hispidus (Linnaeus)
| Filefish
A single specimen was obtained, August 16, at Point of woods,
Great South bay. :

Alutera schoepfii ( Walbawm)
Orange file fish

The following specimens were secured :

(young) Ocean beach, Southampton He Aug.
“Islip, Great South bay (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.
‘“< Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

No adults were seen, the largest examples were about nine
inches long.

r108 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Spheroides maculatus (5/. & Schn.)
Puffer; swellfish

The young were abundant, and adults’ were occasional taken.

|

The following are the localities :

(young) Seallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
«| Peconic bay 29 July
Islip (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.

Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 22 Aug.
Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.

“ Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.
‘Oak Island beach, Great South bay 14 Sep.

‘¢ East side, Fire Island inlet | 16 Sep.

Uranidea gracilis (Heckel)
Miller’s thumb

A single specimen was received from ©. H. Walters of Cold-—
spring Harbor L.°I., in September.

Prionotus carolinus (Linnaeus)
Sea robin

(young) Point of woods, Great South bay 16 Aug.
Islip, Great South bay (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.
“Fire Island inlet 8 Sep.

‘¢ East side, Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

Prionotus strigatus (C. & V. )
Striped sea robin
The young were very abundant. Collections were made as
follows: | |
(young) Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 18 and 25 Aug.
Howell’s point, Great South bay 31 Aug.
“¢ Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.
Clam Pond cove, Great South bay 6 Sep.
“Fire Island inlet ' 13 and 16 Sep.
‘¢ Oak Island beach, Great South bay 14 Sep.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 r109

Gobiosoma bosci (Lacépéde)
Mud creeper ; oyster fish
_ Abundant in brackish and salt water. Specimens were obtained
in the following localities :
Mecox bay, near Water Mill 1 Aug.
(young) Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 18 and 25 Aug.
Swan river, Patchogue 23 Aug.
Bellport life saving station 30 Aug.
Howell’s point, Great South bay 31 Aug.
Great River, Great South bay 21 Sep.

Opsanus tau (Linnaeus)

Toadfish
‘ Abundant. Specimens were obtained at the following places:
Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July

(young) Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 13,16 and 18 Aug.
) Bluepoint cove, Great South bay | 13 Aug.
Islip, Great South bay (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.
“© Howell’s point, Great South bay 31 Aug.
« - Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.

Merluccius bilinearis (/ztchill)
Whiting
Several individuals were received from A. P. Latto of South-
ampton, October 28. |

Microgadus tomcod ( Walbaum)
Tomcod

Be Paty young individuals were seined in Beenie bay, near South-
ampton, July 29.
Phycis tenuis (J/ztchill)

Hake

Two small specimens were seined in Mecox bay, August 2, and a

‘

very young example was received from A. P. Latto, of Southamp-
ton, September 11. This was caught in the Atlantic.

r110 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Paralichthys dentatus (Linnaeus)

Fluke
Small fluke were collected as follows:
Mecox bay 2 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 16 Aug.

Islip, Great South bay (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.
Adults were obtained at Fire Island inlet, September 16, when
they were abundant.

Pseudopleuronectes americanus ( Walbaum)
Flatfish

The young were found abundant and widely distributed. Speci-
mens were obtained as follows:

(young) Shinneecock bay 22 and 26 July
Peconic bay 23 July
Seallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
‘= Peconic bay 29 July
Meeox bay 1 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 16 Aug.

“< Bluepoint cove 16 and 18 Aug.
“© Nichols’s point, Great South bay 1 Sep.
“East side, Fire Island inlet 16 Sep.

Bothus maculatus (J/cztchill)
Window pane
The localities were the following :
Islip, Great South bay (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.
(young) Fire Island inlet 8 Sep.
‘¢ Oak Island beach, Great South bay 14 Sep.

Achirus fasciatus Lacépéde
American sole

Abundant. Specimens were taken at the following places :
Scallop pond, Peconic bay 28 July
(young) Swan river, Patchogue 12 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 16 Aug.
Islip, Great South bay (W. F. Clark) 18 Aug.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1898 , r111

(young) Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 18 Aug.
“Swan river, Patchogue 23 Aug.
Bluepoint cove, Great South bay 23 Aug.

“ Hewell’s point, Great South bay 31 Aug.

The writer has personally studied 163 species of fishes in waters
extending from Gravesend bay eastward to Mecox bay, and has
published accounts of them in the 19th annual report of the New
York fish commission (1890), the bulletin for 1897 of the Ameri-
can museum of natural history, New York city, and Scence of
Jan. 13, 1899. About 350 species of fishes are now assigned to
the waters of the state.

Washington D. C.
2h April 1899

University of the State of New York

——

BU LEE TTT

OF THE

New York State Museum
| VOL. 5” “No 260

JUNE 1898

MEM-LEAF BEEREEE

IN
NEW YORK STATE
PREPARED BY

EPHRAIM PORTER FELT, D. Sc.

. Acting State Entomologist

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CONTENTS
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Habits of meoule and larvae. 0 igs sc eles eee eels state rcvereaaia eal ee
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PREFACE

This bulletin was prepared, first to bring prominently before the
public the very destructive nature of this imported insect, and
second to demonstrate that it can be controlled without great
expense, provided intelligent direction is given to the matter.

The life-history and habits of this beetle have been given some-
what in detail because unless they are thoroughly understood,,
it is very easy to adopt means that are only partially successful
or futile. In order to give the bulletin a more practical value,
short accounts have also been included of three other insects,
which, working with the elm-leaf beetle, have aided greatly in
ruining many noble elms.

In the portion devoted to remedies prominence has been given
to the cost of spraying per tree, the proper apparatus and the
time and manner of application. It is surprising to see what mis-
takes some men make in dealing with insects and how they cling
to methods of no value. To offset this tendency, two of the more
common fallacies are mentioned and their futility shown.

) E. P. Fevr

Albany, N. Y., 21 June, 1898

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 5

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE
Galerucella luteola Miller
Ord. Coleoptera: Fam. Chrysomelidae

‘This imported insect has committed such extensive injury to
the elms in the cities and villages along the Hudson river that it
is worthy of extended notice. The residents of places where this
pest has established itself have repeatedly observed the grubs
working on their elms and in many instances have seen two or
even three crops of leaves destroyed in a single season without
taking steps toward the protection of the trees.

The causes for this condition of affairs are not hard to find,
as the majority are inclined to trust in providence and hope that
the ravages of the insect will not be as severe the next season.
Many others see the grubs at work on the underside of the leaves
but not being quite sure of the best method of controlling them,
and as there is no way of doing this without labor, they usually
make no effort to subdue the pest. |

Bad reputation of its family. This beetle is a member of
the large, leaf-eating family of Chrysomelidae, which comprises a
number of our most injurious insects. It includes such well-
known pests as the asparagus beetle, Crioceris asparagi Linn., the
Colorado potato beetle, Doryphora 10-lineata Say, the 12-spotted
Diabrotica, D. 12-punctata Oliv. and the striped cucumber beetle,
Diabrotica vittata Fabr., all well-known insects against which .
perpetual warfare must be waged. Another member of this
family, the cottonwood-leaf beetle, Lina scripta Fabr., recently
inflicted serious damage upon the large basket industry in the
willow growing districts about Syracuse, Rochester and other
localities in that part of the state. Judging from the well-known
records of its allies, we may expect that the elm-leaf beetle will
continue to be very destructive.

Inaction means death to the elms. The elm-leaf beetle was
known in Albany in 1892, probably having made its way to the
city a year or two earlier, and since that time its ravages have
become more and more serious, until in 1897 most of the numer-

6 NEW YORK sTATE MUSEUM

ous European elms along our streets were completely defoliated
once, the second growth of foliage was seriously injured, and some
trees had their third set of leaves attacked. This condition of
affairs was observed in Albanyand Troy and was true to a greater
or less extent in many other places along the Hudson river. The
leaves are the breathing organs of a tree. Their removal or de-
struction weakens it seriously, and to have that occur even once
a season for successive years, means the early death of the un-
fortunate elm. The number of magnificent shade trees killed by
this insect in Albany, since its advent, may be estimated at over
a thousand, and had not the city taken action to protect the elms
many more would have succumbed in the next year or two.

It is useless to hope that another season the pest may not be
as destructive. It shows a remarkable vigor and prolificacy in
our climate. At Washington, D. C., it has been known for a long
series of years and still is very injurious. In New Jersey, New
York city, New Haven, Conn., and other localities it has been
found necessary to spray the trees with a poisonous mixture in
order to avert serious injury. Parasites, diseases of various kinds
and predatory enemies seems to have little effect in reducing its
numbers. The valley of the Hudson river as far north as Sara-
toga is now included in the same life zone as that of the latter
places named.

Distribution. This insect is common over a large part of
Europe, but it is injurious only in the southern portions of Ger-
many and France and in Italy and Austria. The records of the
earlier entomologists indicate that the beetle must have made
its way to this country about 1834, because in 1838 it was re-
ported as very injurious to elms in Baltimore, Md. It is now
found from Charlotte, N. C., to north of Salem, Mass. Up to
1896, so far as known, it was limited to territory east of the
Appalachian chain of mountains. -In that year it was found es-
tablished at Elm Grove and Wellsburg, W. Va., by Dr Hopkins
of the Agricultural experiment station of that state. Its prog-
ress up the Hudson is interesting to follow, indicating, as it does,

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 7

the distribution of the beetle along the lines of travel. In 18794
it was abundant and destructive at Newburg; 12 years later it
was reported to this office from Poughkeepsie, in 1890 from Hud-
son, in 1891 from New Baltimore and in 1892 it had reached
Albany and Troy. It was found at Mechanicville in 1896 by Dr
L. O. Howard, of Washington, D. C. That same year the larvae
were abundant at Averill Park in the town of Sand Lake about
seven miles southeast of Troy, the beetles evidently having been
transported thither by the numerous electric cars running to
that station. Ina similar manner it has spread over a large por-
tion of Connecticut and into Rhode Island. It had made its
way up the Connecticut valley to Springfield by 1891, and to Am-
herst by 1895. The latter year it was found by Dr Howard at
Millers Falls and was reported to him then at South Vernon, it
having crossed the New Hampshire line. It has also been re-
ported from north of Salem, Mass., and at Middlebury, Vt.—two
localities distant from others where it has been found.

The above record indicates most clearly that this pest has not
made its way to all portions of the state where it may be ex-
pected to thrive. The climate of the upper austral life zone
Seems to agree with the insect, judging from the number of
broods and its abundance in Albany and vicinity. The area
within the state embraced by this zone has been represented on
plate 4, in the 11th Report on the insects of New York. Briefly,
it embraces Long and Staten islands, the valley of the Hudson
river north about to Saratoga and a large portion of the north-
western and central part of the state adjacent to the great lakes
and including Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca Jakes and neighboring
bodies of water. This insect will probably make its way along
the lines of travel to most of the cities and larger villages lying
within the above limits. The beetle having become established
at localities not yet included within this zone, indicates that it
may have an even wider range, although climatic conditions will
probably prevent its becoming destructive.

a Unfortunately most of these dates indicate only the time when the ravages of the insect

were serious enough to attract the attention of some one, and so orly approximately the
year of its arrival.

8 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Description. The work of this pest is so striking as to excite
the attention of even the most casual observer. The majority
have little idea of the appearance of the insect in its various
stages and but faint conception of its life history. In order to
control the pest it must be recognized and its nature understood
to a certain extent.

The parent insect may be recognized by aid of the colored
figure (pl. 1, fig. 2), although care should be taken not to confound
it with the striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica vitiata Fabr.,
which it resembles in a general manner. The elm-leaf beetle is
about + of an inch long with the head, thorax and margin of the
wing covers a reddish-yellow. The coal black eyes and median
spot of the same color on the head are prominent. On the thorax
there is a median black spot of variable shape and a pair of
lateral ovoid ones. The median black line of the wing covers
is separated from the broad lateral stripes of the same color by
greenish-yellow. The elytra are minutely and irregularly punc-
tured, bear a fine pubescence and at the base of each elytron
there is an elongated black spot in the middle of the greenish-
yellow stripe. The markings are usually constant in the adult,
but the color is quite variable during life and changes more or
less after death. In some beetles emerging from winter quart-
ers, the conspicuous greenish-yellow stripes of the wing covers
are nearly black. The antennae are a golden yellow with more
or less brownish markings. The legs are yellowish with the
tibiae and tarsi marked with brown. The under surface of the
head and prothorax is yellowish, that of the metathorax and ab-
domen black. | |

The orange yellow eggs are deposited in irregular rows side
by side, forming clusters of from five to 26 or more on the
under surface of the leaf. Each egg is somewhat fusiform,
attached vertically by its larger end, with the free extremity
tapering to a paler, rounded point (pl. 1, fig. 3). Under a power-
ful lens, the fine reticulations of the egg shell are easily seen.

The recently hatched larva is about 4, inch long, with
the head, thoracic shield, numerous tubercles, hairs and leys jet

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 9
- f .
black. The integument between the tubercles is a dark yellow.

The tubercles are so large and the hairs so prominent that the
prevailing color of the larva at this stage is black. As the larva
increases in size and molts, the stiff black hairs become less con- .
spicious and the yellowish markings more prominent (pl. 1,
fig. 4) until the last stage. A full grown larva is about } inch
long, more flattened than in the earlier stages, with a broad yel-
low stripe dorsally and a narrower stripe of the same color ou
each side, the yellow stripes being separated by broad dark
bands thickly set with tubercles bearing short, dark-colored hairs.
The dorsal yellow stripe is broken on each side by a subdorsal.
row of dark tubercles, which increase in size posteriorly. The
lateral yellow stripe includes a row of prominent tubercles with
dark tips bearing short hairs of the same color (pl. 1, fig. 5). The
predominating color of the ventral surface is yellow.

The pupa is bright orange yellow, about ¢ inch long, and with
a very convex dorsal surface which bears transverse rows of
stout, inconspicuous setae.

Life-history. In order to control this insect successfully it
must be known and its habits understood. Trite though the pre-
ceding may appear, I have noticed men in several places spraying
for this pest and doing no execution, for the simple reason that
they did not understand the fundamental principles involved in
fighting insects. In one case the trunk of the tree was sprayed
while the grubs were on the leaves, and in the other they used
paris green and water when kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap
solution should have been employed.

The beetles pass the winter in attics, sheds or out-houses and
in various sheltered places. With the advent of warm weather
in the spring, they emerge from their retreats and may be found
on the walks during the sunny portion of the day or upon the
windows of houses, vainly trying to escape. Even when writing
this (May 12th) numbers of these beetles are to be seen on the
effice windows of the fourth story of the capitol, thus showing
to what a height they will fly in seeking secure winter quarters.
On the appearance of the leaves, the last of April or the early

10 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

half of May in this latitude, they fly into the trees and eat irreg- |
ular holes in-the foliage (fig. 2). After feeding some time, and
pairing, the orange yellow eggs are depcsited on the under sur-
face of the leaves in clusters of about 5-26. The duration of the
egg stage in July averages about five days, in cooler weather it
may be longer. Feeding and oviposition continue for several
weeks in the spring, probably from four to six. During this time
the beetles consume a large amount of foliage, which is evidently
_ necessary for the development of the eggs, as clusters are laid
every day or two until the full complement is discharged, which
is in the neighborhood of from 431 to 623. As there seems to
have been no attempt, at least in this country, to determine the
prolificacy of this insect, the following record may be of interest.
On May 31st, two large females were taken and isolated with
plenty of food. On June ist, one had deposited four clusters,
comprising 42 eggs; on the 3d, a cluster of 18; on the 6th, clus-
ters of 21 and 26 eggs; on the 8th, clusters of 26 and 4; on the
Sth, a cluster of 27; on the 10th, clusters of 3 and 31; on the
18th, clusters of 8, 7, 8, 11, 15 and 19; on the 15th, clusters of 14
and 27; on the 16th, a cluster of 30; on the 17th, a cluster of 32;
on the 19th, clusters of 10 and 26; on the 20th, a cluster of 36; on
the 21st, clusters of 6 and 25; on the 22d, clusters of 4 and 31; on
the 23d, clusters of 1, 2, 7, 11 and 13; on the 27th, clusters of 13,

21 and 32; on the 28th, clusters of 4 and 17, making a total of
623.

The other had deposited on June 1st, two clusters containing
a total of 29 eggs; on the 3d, clusters of 9, 9 and 14; on the 6th,
another of 18; on the 8th, clusters of 15 and 20; on the 1th, a
cluster of 20; on the 11th, a cluster of 23; on the 15th, clusters
of 11 and 138; on the 14th, a cluster of 31; on the 15th, a cluster
of 16 and 5 scattering; on the 16th, a cluster of 28; on the 18th,
clusters of 26 and 30; on the 20th, clusters of 2 and 6; on the
21st, clusters of 3 and 18; on the 22d, clusters of 2 and 20; on the
23d,,.a cluster of 27; on the 27th, clusters of 5, 7, 9 and 15, mak-
ing a total of 431.

The continued oviposition and the prolificacy of the bectleee is
strikingly shown in the above record. They were abroad in

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 11

numbers by May 12th and oviposition began about the 25th, so
that the record of these two individuals is probably lower than
the normal as they may have deposited several clusters of eggs
before being captured. They were both supplied with fresh
leaves from day to day and the eggs removed and counted as
soon as detected. The female producing the smaller number of
eges was confined in a small, corked vial, while the other enjoyed
the freedom of a jelly tumbler. The difference in conditions
undoubtedly had some influence on egg production and the pro-
tection from unfavorable weather conditions enabled the beetles
to approximate the maximum quota of eggs. The record is of
great value since it shows most clearly bow long oviposition may
be continued by a single individual and the desirability of spray-
ing early in the season for the purpose of killing the beetles.

Fig. 1.—Work cf elm-leaf beetle larvae.

The young grubs emerge from the eggs early in June or in
about five or six days after oviposition. and soon begin to feed on
the under surface of the leaves, producing the familiar skeleton-
ized appearance well represented in figure 1, which is caused by

18 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

their eating the softer under part, leaving the upper epidermis
and the veins. The result of their feeding is so characteristic
that it is easy to detect their presence by the semitransparent
places in partly eaten leaves and by the skeletonized appearance
of the foliage which has been more severely attacked.

The larvae complete their growth in from 15 to 20 days in
summer (in cooler weather the time is extended), become rest-
less, forsake the leaves and descend the limbs and trunks of the
tree to a greater or less extent, seeking proper shelter for pupa-
tion. In warm July weather seven days are passed in this state,
in September the time is extended to 12 days and in October to
24. ‘The descent of the larvae of the first brood usually occurs
in Albany the latter part of June,—in 1896 some were observed
descending May 19, and beetles of the second brood were taken
May 30. The oviposition of the second brood of beetles begins
about the middle of July. From that date until late in the
autumn, it is possible to find the eggs of this insect most of the
time in some part of the city. The beetles are naturally more
attracted by a fresh growth of foliage and it is on the trees
throwing out a second or third crop of leaves that the eggs of the
later generations are found most abundantly. Most of the
second brood of larvae complete their growth about the middle
of August, transforming to adults the latter part of the month.
If there is an abundant food supply a third generation is pro-
duced. In 1896 numerous eggs were found on elms in Troy the
first part of September, and the same was probably true in
Albany, as indicated by the large numbers of full grown larvae
descending certain Scotch elms, which had been practically un-
injured in the early part of the season, near the middle of Octo-
ber. |

This latter occurrence shows most conclusively, that the larvae
must be able to develop on old leaves. The persistent breeding
of this insect late in the autumn is shown-by the presence of full
erown larvae on trunks of elms October 31 and the finding of
living pupae November 7, 1886, and on the still later date of
November 16, 1897.

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 13

Number of generations. The detailed observations of the
past two years have established beyond question the presence of
two well marked generations and the occurrence of an incom-
plete third brood under favorable conditions at both Albany and
Troy. In these two cities the insect has continued breeding so
long as the elms afforded sustenance. This is the more remark-
able since Dr Smith records but one brood a year, or one and a
partial second-at New Brunswick, N. J., a point about 150 miles
to the south. As is well known, most insects are more destruc-
tive soon after their introduction than in later years. This may
be accounted for by the fact that in time native parasites, dis-
eases and other natural checks gradually assert their power upon
new comers. An insect’s freedom from natural enemies might
have some effect upon its prolificacy, and possibly wpon the num-
ber of generations. It will not only be of interest, but of great
practical importance to ascertain by observations whether this
beetle continues to produce two or three generations yearly in
this latitude.

Habits of beetle and larvae. Certain habits of this in-
sect are of great value when the problem of controlling it comes
up for solution. Its hibernation affords no vulnerable point as
_the beetles are then too scattered to admit of effective work
against them. In the spring they feed on the young leaves for
two or three weeks and when abundant may cause considerable
injury. The irregular round holes seen in the young leaves (fig.
2) are an indication of the presence of this pest. Under excep-
tional circumstances the beetles may eat the under surface of the
leaves, refusing the veins and tough upper epidermis. This only
occurs when the foliage is unusually hard and dry.

One habit the adult insect possesses, which is of much im-
portance, is its disinclination to fly a great distance. ‘The
instinct within this beetle to remain near one spot is so marked
that it spreads very slowly indeed. This is clearly shown in its
taking seven years to make its way in numbers from the point
where it established itself first in this city to Washington park,
a distance of less than one and one half miles. I have repeatedly

14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

seen European elms badly defoliated and within 50 feet others of
the same species would be hardly affected. In the past three
years the insect made its way along certain rows of European
elms in Albany at the rate of about a block a year.

Fic. 2. —Leaf showing holes eaten by elm.leaf beetle

The larvae are very rarely found on the upper part of the leaf,
but they occur on the under surface of the leaves and feed there
almost exclusively. It is also evident that in most cases the
trees are attacked: near the top, probably because the foliage of
the upper portion of the trees is more tender and clean. This
is well shown on plate 2, where the dead tips are high, showing
conclusively the preference the beetles have for the younger
leaves.

After attaining their growth, the larvae forsake the leaves and
may be found crawling along the limbs and trunk. If the tree
has comparatively smooth bark, a far greater portion make their
way to the ground, in search of proper shelter while passing
through the pupa stage, than if a rough bark, which affords

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 15

numerous secure crevices in which the final changes may be
effected. At this time the trunks of infested trees present an
interesting sight as thousands of the grubs crawl up and down
the shaggy bark. Occasionally their numbers are so great as to
give a distinct character to the surface they are moving over,
presenting a peculiar grayish yellow mass of motion enlivened
here and there with an orange yellow pupa. A few days later
the light yellow pupae are more numerous on the trunk and
around the base of the tree and adjacent shelter, where they
may be found in golden layers nearly an inch in depth inter-.
spersed here and there with a dark larva. It will be found that
many larvae do not descend the older trees but take refuge in
the crevices of the bark, or, if there are overhanging limbs, they
may drop in numbers from the tips of the branches. Many are
content to transform in the gutters, others seek shelter in the
crevices of the sidewalks and large numbers cross wide spaces
and pile themselves up against a wall, fence or around any shel-
tering bush or weed.

SPECIES OF ELMS ATTACKED

It will be observed in most localities that the American elm,
Ulmus Americana, is comparatively exempt from the attacks of
this insect. Sometimes the beetles will make their way from
adjacent European elms and seriously injure the American spe-
cies and, after they have once become established, the but par-
tially migratory habit of the beetle ensures attack for a few
Successive seasons at least. In most cases the English elm,
Ulmus campestris, and the Scotch elm, Ulmus montana, suffer most
seriously from the pest, while our native species are but little
affected. This was very noticeable in Troy and Lansingburg.
In the former, European elms are numerous and the work of the
elm-leaf beetle is conspicuous over a greater part of the city, but
as one proceeds northward into Lansingburg the American elms
abound almost to the exclusion of the foreign species and evi-
dences of this pest are comparatively rare. Again, in 1895 the
American elms of Albany showed very little injury by the insect.

16 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The next year trees here and there gave evidence of a serious
attack and in 1897 a much larger number of the American elms
was seriously injured than in the preceding year.

No species of elm grown in this country is exempt from attack
although there is considerable variation in the degree of injury
inflicted upon them. The relative liability to attack is appar-
ently a variable quantity in different localities. According to
Dr Howard’s observations, the American elm suffers more from
the insect than does the Scotch, the English species being the
favorite, while in both Albany and Troy the injuries were about
equal to the English and Scotch, the latter suffering more in
many instances, while the American elm was eaten to a much

less degree.
AN ASSOCIATED INSECT

The elms, particularly the European species, in Albany, Troy
and other places along the Hudson river are most unfortunate in
suffering from the attacks of another imported insect, which is
known as the elm tree bark-louse, Gossyparia ulmi Geoff. The
pest was first discovered in this country at Rye, Westchester
county, N. Y., in 1894, on the nursery stock of Mr Charles Fremd.
It is now known to occur in a number of localities in the Hudson
valley, being generally distributed over Albany, Troy and adja-
cent towns. It has also become established in the vicinity of
Boston and at Amherst, Mass., and Burlington, Vt. Other locali-
ties are Washington, D. C.; Michigan Agricultural College; Car-
son City, Nevada, and Palo Alto, California.

Injuries and characteristics. The injurious nature of this
bark-louse in our latitude has been abundantly demonstrated the
past few years in conjunction with the work of the elm-leaf
beetle. The affected trees are easily recognized in midsummer
by their blackened appearance, caused by a growth of the fungus,
Coniothecium saccharinum Peck, in the honey dew covering the
foliage, limbs and the ground beneath. In sunlight, the minute
drops of the secretion may be seen falling in showers from the
clusters of insects, giving an idea of what a drain this species is
upon the vitality of the elm. The limbs which have harbored

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE iW

this bark-louse for a few years begin to die, the tree itself shows
signs of weakness, and when it is attacked by both the elm-leaf
beetle and this bark-louse its destruction follows in a few years.

Fic. 3.— Females of GossypPArRia uLmr (slightly enlarged)

Description and life-history, The adult females are very
conspicuous and may be found on the under side of the smaller
branches, frequently clustered in masses and appearing not un-
like certain lichens. Each at this time is about ;, inch long,
oval in outline, with the extremities slightly pointed, and if
crushed causes a reddish stain from the contained ova. The
body is surrounded with a mass of white, woolly secretion and
the segmentation is also indicated by the same substance, as
shown in the accompanying figure. The minute yellow young
make their appearance early in July and soon settle for a time on
the greener twigs and along the principal veins of the leaves.
In the autumn the back of the partly grown bark-louse is covered
with spiny processes secreting a white waxy matter. ‘At this
time most of the insects forsake the leaves and settle for the
winter in crevices of the bark. In the early spring the females

18 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

molt for the last time, and the males spin their oval cocoons
(fig. 4). The delicate, four-winged reddish male is rarely seen
although of particular interest from its presenting a partially
developed form known as the pseudimago.

Fie. 4.— Cocoons of male (three times natural size)

Means of distribution. As the slender males only are
winged, the insect is dependent largely upon various agencies
for its distribution. It has most probably been carried to Ne-
vada, California and other distant localities on infested nursery
stock, but this does not explain its general occurrence in such
cities as Albany and Troy. In these two places, at least, the
distribution appears to have been largely effected by the aid of
the English sparrow and other birds, since the active young could
easily craw] upon the foot of a bird and thus be transported to
another tree. Other insects may also transport them to a certain
extent and some, falling with the leaves, might successfully make
their way up another tree, but the chances are against the latter

method.
SECONDARY ATTACKS BY INSECTS

It is well known to students of nature that an infeebled tree
apparently invites attack by certain insects which seem to find
in the unhealthy tissues conditions peculiarly fitted for their
development. The ravages of the elm-leaf beetle have encour-
aged certain of these pests to a marked degree. One of the most
common and injurious is known as the pigeon Tremex, Tremex

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 19

columba Linn. This insect is a magnificent four-winged fiy about
2 inches long, with a wing spread of 23 inches, and a prominent
horn at the extremity of the abdomen, hence the common name
of horn-tail. It may be recognized by its cylindrical dark brown
abdomen with yellow markings as represented in figure 5.

Fig. 5. TREMEX COLUMBA: a, larva showing the Thalessa larva fastened to its side’; b, head of
larva; ce, pupa of female; d, male pupa; e, adult female —all slightly enlarged

The female deposits her eggs in the trunks of sickly trees,
where its larvae run large cylindrical burrows. Many elms in
both Albany and Troy show numerous holes caused by this
insect. This borer has a deadly parasite in the lunate long sting,
Thalessa lunator Fabr. This beneficial insect is of great aid in
keeping the Tremex under control. In the trunk of one small
elm I found the remains of 13 ovipositors. In their efforts to
reach the numerous borers in the tree, the females had driven
their long ovipositors so far into the wocd that they were unable
to withdraw them.

Another insect which infests debilitated elms is known as the
elm borer, Saperda tridentata Olivier. The larvae of this beetle
run their burrows under the bark and in the sap wood cf the

20 . NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

trunk, not many penetrating to a greater depth than an inch.
Their burrows may become so thick as to girdle trees two or
three feet in diameter. An infested elm may be recognized by
the patches of unhealthy bark—in case of a bad infestation large
pieces become loose and scale off easily. The beetle is usually
less than $ inch long, and of a dull slate color, with the thorax
and wing covers margined with dull orange (fig. 6).

Fig. 6.— SAPERDA TRIDENTATA (twice natural size)
NATURAL ENEMIES OF ELM-LEAF BEETLE.

The natural checks which serve so well, to keep thousands of
insects under control which otherwise would be very destructive,
are unable to reduce the numbers of this beetle to a relatively
harmless figure. One of the more important natural agents is
the fungus, Sporotrichum entomophilum Peck, which has been
observed developing on many beetles in this city. Like the dis-
ease of the chinch-bug, caused by the allied fungus, Sporotrichum
globuliferum Speg., the one attacking the elm-leaf beetle requires
moist atmosphere for its development. Beetles in close breeding
jars or those found under the bark of trees and similar damp
places succumbed readily to the disease. On account of the cli-
matic conditions not being ordinarily favorable to the rapid
growth of this fungus, it has a relatively slight value as a natural
check upon the elm-leaf beetle.

Several insects are known to prey either on this pest, its pupa
or larva. Three beetles, Platynus punctiformis Say, Quedius molo-
chinus Gray. and Chauliognathus marginatus Fabr., feed on this
species as recorded by Riley. A fly, Cyrtoneura stabulans Fall.,

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 21

destroys many pupae in Washington. In this latitude the half-
grown larva of Podisus spinosus Dallas has been observed with
an elm-leaf beetle grub in its extended beak, and it probably
preys extensively on the larvae, since in Washington all stages
are known to attack it. Unfortunately this beneficial species is
not abundant, though it is to be hoped that the large food
supply will lead to an increase in its number. A small capsid,
Camptobrochis grandis Uhler, sucks the eggs. Larvae of lace-
wing flies, also called aphis lions, are frequently found on leaves
with the young of the elm-leaf beetle, and are reported by Riley
to feed on both eggs and larvae. Mites have been seen near egg
clusters that had suffered injury. In the southern portion of its
range, this insect finds an enemy in the praying Mantis, Mantis
Carolina Linn.

Although I have seen nothing of the kind in this vicinity, one
gentleman affirms most positively that the English sparrow feeds ~
on the elm-leaf beetle larvae, he having repeatedly observed it
picking them off the trunks of the trees. If the sparrow has this
habit, it offsets to a certain extent the many bad features pos-

sessed by this bird.
: REMEDIES

Undoubtedly the most satisfactory method of controlling this
insect is found in poisoning the foliage. The objection hereto-
fore urged against this means has been the expense involved, and
it still applies to a certain extent in the case of the private indi-
vidual with but a few trees to care for. Aside from the cost of
the necessary apparatus, the operation of spraying even large
shade trees is not so expensive as is commonly supposed and on
the other hand valuable results may be obtained with a compara-
tively inexpensive outfit, although the cost per tree may be in-
creased.

Cost of spraying elms. I have taken some pains to ascer-
tain the precise cost of spraying per tree in the hope of encourag-
ing those to whom this would be a serious item. It is pleasant to
record that the expense is much lower than I had supposed. Dr
Smith, of the New Jersey agricultural experiment station, has

292 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

kindly supplied the following data. The elms on the college
campus at New Brunswick are 50 to 75 feet high and were
sprayed at odd times by the janitors, it requiring about an hour
for two with force pump, tank and ladders to treat one tree. The
poison necessary for each spraying was worth about six cents.
It will thus be seen that the cost per tree would be between 36
and 56 cents, varying with the price of labor. In the city of
New Brunswick the trees were sprayed at a contract price of one
dollar for the season, the understanding being that they were to
receive three treatments if necessary. The contractor prepared
the outfit, furnished the material, did the spraying at the price
mentioned and had a neat margin remaining.

Mr Kirkland, Assistant state entomologist of Massachusetts,
has kindly supplied me with the following figures. A grove of
over 200 red and white oaks ranging in height from 40 to 70 feet
were sprayed once at an expense of 49 cents per tree. In this
instance arsenate of lead was used at the rate of 20 lbs to 150
gallons of water, a considerably stronger mixture than would be
necessary for the larvae of the elm-leaf beetle. In addition, he
estimated the expense of spraying smaller trees, 20 to 40 feet
high, at 15 to 20 cents per tree.

The cost of spraying the elms in Albany this season, aside
from wear and tear of the apparatus, is considerably less than
the figures above given. The trees present a wide range in size,
although the majority are from 50 to about 70 feet in height.
Taking them as they come, Mr Lewis has succeeded in spraying
them once at the low cost of about 15 cents per tree. This is
largely due to the excellent apparatus, to be described later, and
is a most encouraging feature of the work. It is hoped that
these figures will induce private individuals to provide protection
for their trees, either by doing the spraying themselves or else
by hiring some capable party.

Proper apparatus. In order to do this work successfully
one must possess a force pump capable of throwing a stream some
distance, a number of feet of hose and a nozzle that will dis-
charge a rather fine spray. There must also be something to

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 23

hold the poisonous mixture, while a ladder facilitates the work
greatly.

One of the best arrangements for hand work is most probably
found in the spraying outfit mounted on wheels so that it can
be readily moved from place to place (Plate 5). In most cases
this takes the form of a box or barrel to which a force pump is
firmly attached, and either provided with wheels or else de-
signed to be placed in a wagon. In spraying tall trees 25 to 50
or more feet of + or + inch hose should be provided, while the
addition of a brass or iron and brass extension 10 to 25 feet
long adds materially to the value of the apparatus. It is also
necessary to have a good nozzle that will not clog, but
produce a fine spray and that can be quickly adjusted to throw
a coarse spray some distance if necessary. Such an outfit is of
great service to any individual having considerable spraying to
be done and undoubtedly it could be used to advantage by those
desiring to make a business of spraying in a small way, as for
example the treating of trees here and there for those in cities
desiring their trees sprayed and not willing to purchase the nec-
essary apparatus.

In the extended work against this insect conducted by cities
and villages, it is desirable to have apparatus that will admit
of more rapid work. This has led to the refitting of retired fire
engines and the designing of more or less cumbersome outfits
for this purpose. In all cases these makeshifts have been suc-
cessful, although they are not so satisfactory in operation as
those specially fitted for the purpose. Probably the best ap-
paratus yet designed for spraying trees is that constructed under
the direction of Dr E. B. Southwick, entomologist of the depart-
ment of public parks of the city of New York, and which is
the form used in Albany. The whole outfit is represented in
plate 4. It consists of a ‘Daimler’ gasoline motor operating
a Gould force pump—the motor and pump weighing but 300
pounds can be placed in the bottom of a spring wagon along with
the 100-gallon tank containing the poisonous mixture. This
motor has the advantage of being almost noiseless in operation

24 NEW YORK STATS MUSEUM

and is scarcely noticed by passing horses. It is very inexpensive
to operate, as a gallon of gasoline is sufficient for a day and it
requires so little attention that a tyro can run it. The smallest
size Gould 3-piston pump is the one used with the motor, al-
though Dr Southwick now recommends a larger one in order te
utilize the power more fully, The motor costs $250 and the pump
about $50, They can easily supply four lines of hose, although
in Albany not more than two can be used to advantage in most
places,

In addition to the lines of hose and other requisites, Mr P, C,
Lewis, of Catskill, N. Y., who is in charge of the spraying in this
city, has several interesting devices for saving time and increas-
ing the efficiency of the work. He has designed a modified
stepladder, about 16 feet high with platforms for two men and
on two of its legs there are small wheels which permit ready
removal frem place to place. It is so constructed that it can be
folded up and drawn behind the wagon when some distance is te
be traversed. He also has in constant use a metal extension 25
feet long. The lower portion is composed of larger tubing, thus
making it stiffer and at the same time rendering it easier te
handle because the greater part of the weight is near the opera-
tor, This extremely long extension is suspended by a rope from
the top of the modified stepladder in such a manner that the man
has only to guide the stream. This arrangement does away with
all climbing. In many instances the huge steps are placed in the
middle of the street and the trees on both sides sprayed either
from the steps or the ground.

Time and manner of spraying. Though it is easy to state
the proper time to spray, in many cases it is exceedingly difficult
to have the recommendations properly carried out. As has been
Stated, the beetles feed on the young leaves for a considerable
time before any eggs are developed and continue feeding for a
day or more between the deposition of each cluster. If the
partly unfolded leaves are sprayed in the early spring, the beetles
ean be killed and the production of eggs prevented. This is very
desirable, for if at all numerous the beetles injure the foliage

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 25

considerably. In the second place the mischief is checked at its
inception. To accomplish this end, Dr Smith recommends the
use of one pound of paris green or london purple to 100 gallons
of water. To avoid any danger of injuring the foliage, it is ad-
visable to add also one pound of quicklime to neutralize any
soluble arsenic that might be present. Two quarts of cheap
molasses added to the mixture will make it adhere longer to the
leaves.

In most cases it will also be necessary to spray again at the
time the young larvae begin their work, although after the insect
has once been brought well under control in a locality, it is
possible that a single thorough spraying each year for the beetles
may be sufficient. This second spraying should occur at the
time the young are beginning to hatch, which in this latitude is
about the first week in June. In order to be successful, the
poison must be applied to the under surface of the leaves. The
reason for the latter statement is found in the fact that only
very exceptionally do the larvae feed upon the upper surface of
the foliage or even break the upper epidermis, consequently it is
impossible to poison them unless the arsenic be placed on the
under surface. As the larvae succumb more readily than the
beetles to the effects of poison, but one pound of paris green to
150 or 200 gallons of water is needed for the second spraying.

The necessity for subsequent sprayings is determined largely
by the manner in which the work has been done. Much depends
upon the man who holds the nozzle, even though he be under the
_eye of one who understands the business. The mixture should
be applied evenly in a rather fine spray and so far as possible
to every leaf. If the poison be applied thoroughly and at the
right time, two sprayings should be ample to keep the beetle
_ under control. Otherwise it may be necessary to spray for the
second and even third broods. The proper time for later arseni-
cal sprayings must be determined by observation. In Albany
and Troy the spraying for the second brood should be done about
the latter half of July.

26 NEW YORK sTATE MUSEUM

A PALLIATIVE MEASURE

It frequently occurs that for some reason or other spraying
with poison is not or can not be resorted to readily. The habits
of this insect are such that large numbers can be destroyed at
times with little labor, as has been pointed out year after year.
It is well to understand that any such measure is not a remedy
for the evil in the true sense of the word, it is simply a palliative.
Everyone interested in the welfare of their shade trees should
at least destroy the thousands of larvae and pupae found on the
trunk or around the base of infested elms. If the base of the
trees, their surroundings and other adjacent shelters be thor-
oughly drenched with boiling water, or sprayed with kerosene
emulsion, kerosene or similar preparations, thousands of these
insects would be killed. As it requires at least five days for the
larvae to transform through the pupal stage to beetles, this
operation need not be performed more frequently than that, in
order to ensure the destruction of all that pupated within reach
of such measures. The nearly simultaneous descent of the grubs
is very favorable to this method of checking the insect and
reduces the necessary labor to a minimum. To make this method
more effective, it has been recommended to inclose a limited
smooth area, preferably cemented, around each infested tree with
boards so arranged as to prevent the larvae escaping to shelters
where they could be less easily destroyed. In the case of small
trees with relatively smooth bark and no overhanging limbs, such
an inclosure might be advisable, but it would hardly pay to
treat larger trees thus on account of the large number of larvae
pupating in the crevices of the bark or else dropping from the
tips of overhanging limbs. The great objection to fighting the
insect at this stage is found in the fact that the destruction has
already been accomplished, but even this is much better than
allowing the insect to go unchecked because it has some influence
upon the future abundance of the beetle.

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE yoy

USELESS MEASURES

Although the life-history of this beetle is well known by
entomologists at least, it is surprising how people will cling to
some false idea, gained they know not where, of the proper
method of fighting this or some other insect.

One of the most persistent of these fallacies is that cotton
placed around the trunk will protect a tree from the elm-leaf
beetle. Under certain conditions a band of cotton, tar or other
substance will protect trees from some insects, but never from
the elm-leaf beetle. It should be understood that the parent
insect flies up into the tree, feeds for a time and then lays the
eggs from which the grubs emerge and commence their injurious
work. ‘The band can not have the slightest influence in pro-
tecting the elm. It is only when the grubs have become full
grown that they are found on the trunks and then only for the
purpose of seeking shelter on the ground during pupation. If
a band of any kind blocks the way to the ground, they may trans-
form on the tree or even in the meshes of the cotton band and
fly away later. In case a band of tar is used, some of the grubs
will be caught on its surface by accident, but the number will
not be large enough to pay for the trouble incurred.

Another. so-called remedy for the elm-leaf beetle consists in
boring a hole to some depth in the trunk, nearly filling it with
sulphur or other preparation and then inserting a plug. This
method of treatment or some modification of it, is being brought
forward every few years as one of the ‘sure cures.’ The destruc-
tion by the elm-leaf beetle has encouraged at least one unscrup-
ulous firm, known in 1895 as the Elm inoculation company, to
advertise some modification of this method as a sure cure for the
pest. ‘They treated many elms in Connecticut, 150 for one man
in Westchester county, N. Y., charging 50 cents or more per tree.
Chemical analysis showed their secret preparation to be nothing
of value. This or any similar treatment may well be regarded
with suspicious eyes by any would-be investor. It is hardly nec-
essary to add that such a remedy has no basis in scientific fact
and any similar recommendations should not be heeded, unless

28 NEW YORK sTATE MUSEUM

they come through channels whose authenticity can not be

doubted. .
REMEDIES FOR ASSOCIATED INSECTS

As the elm bark-louse belongs to that large order of insects,
the Hemiptera, which take food only by suction through a fine
proboscis from the underlying tissues, it is easily seen that a
poison applied externally to the tree, as for example paris green,
would have no effect on the insect. The best remedy is found
in the use of one of the contact insecticides, preferably kerosene
emulsion or whale oil soap solution, which should be sprayed on
the under surface of infested limbs and foliage, at the time the
tender young are appearing. Kerosene emulsion may be pre-
pared by dissolving one half pound of hard soap in one gallon of
boiling water and while yet hot add two gallons of kerosene and
emulsify thoroughly by passing it rapidly through a force pump
until it is white and has a creamy consistency. For the young,
one part of this emulsion to ten parts of water should be effective.
the whale oil soap solution may be used in the same manner if
one pound of the soap be dissolved in four gallons of water. If
desired these preparations could be applied in the autumn after
the leaves have dropped, but the solutions should be about four
times stronger. Small trees may be cleaned by the use of a
stiff brush, which might be made more effective by dipping it in
one of the above solutions from time to time.

Preventive measures are of much more importance against
borers than any remedies that can be applied. The trees should
be kept in as vigorous a condition as possible and careful watch
maintained for the first signs of boring, which is indicated by the
detached grains of wood popularty termed ‘sawdust.’ When
indications of their presence are found the larvae should be dug
out if possible. A badly infested tree should be cut down and
burned in order to prevent the development of the insects and
the adults making their way to other trees.

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 29;

BIBLIOGRAPHY
The severe ravages of this insect along the Hudson river and in
adjacent states, have brought it prominently to the front as a species
of considerable economic importance. In a popular bulletin it is
impossible to include everything of interest about such an insect
and though the bibliography of this species was brought down
to date in the recently published 12th report on the injurious and
other insects of the state of New York, it appears desirable to col-
late these references, with some additions, that they may be easily
consulted by students in the future.

Muller, M. Melanges de philosophie et de mathematique. 1760?
avs 7%,

Linnaeus, C. Systema naturae. 1767. 2: 600, no. 101 (as Chrys-
omela calmariensis).

Fabricius, J. C. Systema entomologiae. 1775. p. 119, no. 4 (as.
Crioceris calmariensis); Species insectorum. 1781. 1: 150, no. 6;
Mantissa insectorum. 1787. 1:87, no. 7; Entomologia systematica.
1792. v. 1, pt 2, p. 23, no. 46 (as Galeruca calmariensis). |

Schrank, F. P. Enumeratio insectorum Austriae indigenorum.
' 1781. p. 78 (as G. xanthomelaenda). |

Olivier, A. G. Encyclopedie methodique — Histoire naturelle
insect. 1791. 6:589 (as G. calmariensis).

Westwood, J. O. Introduction to modern classification insects.
1839. 1: 382 (destructiveness in Sevres, as G. calmariensis).

Harris, T. W. Treatise on insects of New England. 1852.
p- 109; Insects injurious to vegetation. Ed. 3. 1862. p. 124 (brief
notice, as G’. calmariensis).

Emmons, E. Natural history of New York—Agriculture. 1854.
4-134, pl. 12, fig. 12 (as G. calmariensis).

Fitch, A. Transactions of N. Y. State agricultural society for
1858. 1859. 18: 842-43 ; 8d—5th Rep’ts on insects of New York.
(5th rep’t) 1859. p. 62-63 (brief notice, as G. calmariensis).

LeConte, J.L. Academy of natural sciences (Phil.), Proceed-
ings. 1865. p. 218 (features and references, as G. wanthomelaena).

a Volume and page references are separated by a colon, e.g. 3:187 means volume 3,
page 187.

30 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Glover, T. U.S. Commissioner agriculture——Rep’t, 1867. p. 62
(brief reference and fig.); 1870. p. 73-74 (as G. calma-

TLENSIS),
Rathvon,S.S. Field and forest. 1876. 9: 96-98 (ravages at
Laneaster, Pa., as G. wanthomelaena). ,

Riley, C. V. U. 8. Commissioner agriculture——Rep’t, 1878.
p- 245 (brief reference) ; American entomologist. 1880. 3: 291-92
(natural history, enemies, etc.); U. 8. Commissioner agriculture
——Rep’t, 1883. p. 159-70, pl. 12, fig. 3 (extended account) ;
republished as bulletin 6, U. S. Dep’t agriculture, Division ento-
mology. 1885. p. 5-18, fig. 1 and pl. 1; —— Bulletin 10 (see
bul. 6). 1887. p. 8-22. figs. 1-6; American agriculturist. July 1891.
50: 894-95, 1 fig. (general account); Insect life. 1892. 5:182,133
(broods at Washington); Canadian entomologist. 1892. 24:282-86
(two or more broods in Washington) ; Entomological society (Wash.).
Proceedings. 1893. 2: 364 (broods); Science, 8 July, 1892. 20:47
(number of broods); U.S. Secretary agriculture——-Rep’t, 1892. 1893.
p. 166-167, pl. 5 (life-history, parasites, all as G. wanthomelaena) ;
U. 8S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology. Bulletin 2 (Mew
ser.). 1895. p. 57“(remedies).

Stone, H.B. Country gentleman. 1878. 43: 71 (brief notice,
as @. calmariensis).

Fuller, A.S. American entomologist. 1889. 3:3 (at Newburg,
N. Y., as G. wanthomelaena).

Lockwood, S. American naturalist. 1881. 15: 249-44 (hiberna-
tion, as G. «anthomelaena); U. 8. Dep’t agriculture, Division en-
tomology. Bulletin 4. 1884. p. 90 (ravages at Freehold, N. J., as
G. canthomelaenda).

Packard, A.S. Insects injurious to forest-shade trees. U. 8. En-
tomological comntission. Bulletin 7. 1881. p. 64 (briet description,
as G. calmariensis) ; U.S. Entomological commission. 5th Rep’t.
1890. p. 234-27, fig. 81 (brief account, as G. wanthomelaena).

Lintner, J. A. Country gentleman. 1882. 47: 805;——1885.
50: 841 (remedies, ete.); Canadian entomologist. 1884. 16: 183
(reference) ; Country gentleman. 1886. 51:409 (bibliography, ete.);
1887. 52: 421, 565, 694 (spraying for) ; Insects of New York.

; THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE por

4th Rep’t. 1888. p. 15-16, 143-44, 161, fig. 59 (extension of range) ;
Country gentleman. 1888. 53: 209, 249 (remedies), p. 366 (from
Scarsdale, N.Y.);Insectsof New York. 5th Rep’t. 1889. p. 234-42,
fig. 29 (general account), p. 303, 319, 3822 (abstracts), p. 825 (refer-
ence); —— 6th Rep’t. 1890. p. 118 (reference); Country
gentleman. 1890, 55 : 644 (brief notice); Insects of New York.
7th Rep’t. 1891. p. 217 (spread northward); Country gentleman.
1891. 56: 735 (identified); Insects of New York. 8th Rep’t. 1893.
p. 222, 223 (destroyed by rains), p. 286 (abstract) ; —— 9th Rep’t.
1893. p. 297 (spread northward), p. 422, 427 (reference); Country
gentleman. 1693. 58:558 (from Britain, Conn., all as Galeruca
xanthomelaena) ; —— 1894. 59:600 (from Montclair, N. J.); In-
sects of New York. 10th Rep’t. 1895. p. 498, 502 (abstracts),
p. 511 (reference); Country gentleman. 1895. 60:568 (remedies,
preceding five as Galerucella canthomelaena); U.S. Dep’t agricul-
ture, Division entomology. Bulletin 2 (new ser.). 1895. p. 50-
56; republished in Insects of New York. 11th Rep’t. 1896. p. 102-3,
189-96 (spread and remedies), p. 275, 279 (abstracts), p. 286 (refer-
ence); Country gentleman. 1896. 61:386 (from Gaylordsville,
Conn.); Albany evening journal. 24 June, 1896, p. 4 (remedies) ;
Country gentleman. 1897. p. 62:7 (criticizing erroneous article),
p- 390 (remedies), p. 406 (spraying large trees) ; Argus [Albany], 10
July, 1897, p. 17 (general account); Insects of New York. 12th
Rep’t. 1897. p. 253-64, fig. 4, pl. 8, fig. 1 (partial bibliography,
observations in Albany and Troy).

Van Wagenen, G. H. Canadian entomologist. 1883. 15: 160
(abundance at Cold Spring, N. Y., as G. wanthomelaena).

Clarkson, F. Canadian entomologist. 1884. 16:124-25 (at
Flatbush, L. I., as G. wanthomelaena).

Dimmock, G. Kingsley’s standard natural history. 1884. 2:
316 (its enemies, etc., as G. xanthomelaenda).

Henshaw, S. List Coleoptera North America. 1885. p. 111, no.
6912; Psyche. 1893. 6:557 (reference, both as G. wanthomelaena).

Cook, A. J. Rural New Yorker. 1886. 45: 577 ick notice,
as G. canthomelaenda).

Falconer, W. Country gentleman. 1886. 51:589 (on Long
Island, as G. xanthomelaena).

32 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

%

Hulst,G. D. N. J. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
46. 1888. p. 9 (mention) ; 9th Annual rep’t, 1888. 1889. p.
207-9, fig. 3 (brief account, both as G. wanthomelaena).

Smith, J. B. Garden and forest. 1889. 20 : 292, figs. 1-3 (number
of broods); N. J. Agricultural experiment station. Rep’t, 1888.
1889. p. 207-9, fig. 3 (brief account); ——— 1889. 1890. p. 273-78
(broods, remedies); ——— 1890. 1891. p. 511-12 (note); Canadian
entomologist. 1892. 24:246—-49 (number of broods); Entomological
society (Wash.). Proceedings. 1892. 2: 365 (broods in New Jersey) ;
Entomological news. 1893. 4:10 (broods in N. J.); N. J. Agri-
cultural experiment station. Rep’t, 1892. 1893. p. 394, 451-55,
figs. 25-27 (life-history) ; —— 18938. 1894. p. 541, fig. 101 (mention) ;
Bulletin 103. 1894. p. 1-9, fig. 1 (general account); N. J.
Agricultural experiment station. Rep’t, 1894. 1895. p. 485, 509-
18, figs. 16-19 (general account : all preceding as (. canthomelaena) ;
U. 8. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology. Bulletin 2 (mew
ser.). 1895. p. 15-16, 56-57 (brief notices); Entomological news.
1895. 6:292 (spraying at West Point, N. Y.); Entomological soci-
ety of Ontario. 26th Annual rep’t, 1895. 1896. p. 69 (mention) ;
N. J. Agricultural experiment station. Rep’t, 1895. 1896. p.
378-85 (remedies, experiment) ; —— 1896. 1897. p. 441 (note).

Dyar,H.G. Insect life. 1889. 1:285 (at Poughkeepsie, as G.
wanthomelaenda).

Barnard, W. S. Entomological society (Wash.). Proceedings.
1890. 1:9 (hibernation, as G. zanthomelaena).

Perkins, G.H. Vt. Agricultural experiment station. 83d Annual
rep’t, 1889. 1890. p. 155-56; Vt. State board agriculture. 11th
Rep’t. 1890. separate, p. 62-66, fig. 48 (brief account, as G.
canthomelaenda).

Hamilton, J. Psyche. 1891. 6:148 (synonymy).

Reitter, E. Catalogus Coleopterorum Europae, Caucasi, Armeniae
rossicae. 1891. p. 375 (synonymy).

Weed,C.M. N.H. Agricultural experiment station. 3d—4th
Rep’ts. 1892. p. 257-59 (brief account, as G. wanthomelaend).

Beckwith, M.H. Del. Agricultural experiment station. 6th
Annnal rep’t. 1893. p. 166-67 (brief notice, as G. wanthomelaend).

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 33

Bruner, L. Nebr. State horticultural society. Annual rep’t.
1893. p. 204-5, fig. 45 (brief notice, as G. xanthomelaena).

Slingerland, M. V. Cornell agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 50. 1893. p. 9 (aumber of broods, as G. xanthomelaena).

Atwater, W.O. Storrs agricultural experiment station. Bul-
letin 14. 1895. p. 1-8, 1 fig. (general account, as G. xanthomelaena).

Carman, E.S. Rural New Yorker. 1895. 54: 646, fig. 205
(brief account from Connecticut bulletin 121); —— 1896. 55:500
(value of spraying). :

Chittenden, F. H. Insect life. 1895.7: 419(synonymy); U.S.
Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology. Bulletin 9 (mew ser.). 1897.
p- 67 (mention).

Fernald, C. H. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology
Bulletin 2 (new ser.), 1895. p. 58. (at Amherst, Mass.) ; Mass. agri-
cultural college. 34th Rep’t. 1897. p. 186 (mention).

Howard, L.O. Entomological society (Wash.). Proceedings. 1895.
3: 223-24 (distribution, as G. wanthomelaena); U.S8. Dep’t agri-
culture, Division entomology. Bulletin 2 (new ser.), 1895. p. 40-
45, 56, 57 (spread, injuries and remedies) ;——- Bulletin 6 (new ser.).
1896. p. 36-38 (remedies); U. 8S. Dep’t agriculture, Year book,
1895. 1896. p. 363-68, fig. 85 (general account) ; 1896. 1897. p.
69-88 (power sprayers for elm-leaf beetle and others); American —
association for advancement of science. Proceedings. 1897. (separate)
207,15,

Marlatt, C. L. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Cireular 8 (2d ser.). 1895. p. 1-4, fig 1 (general account); U. S.
Dep’t agriculture, Division Entomology. Bulletin 2 (new ser.).
1895. p. 47-50, 58 (work in Washington).

Britton, W.E. Conn. Agricultural experiment station. 19th
Annual rep’t, 1895. 1896. p. 208-13, 1 fig., 1 pl. (remedies, as
G. xanthomelaena); Garden and forest. 1897. 10 : 326-27 (injuries
and remedies, in Conn.).

- S$. A. Garden and forest. 1895.8: 346-47 (method of treating).

Schiedt,R.C. Pa. State board agriculture. Rep’t, 1894. 1895.
p- 190 (injuries, as G. zanthomelaena).

34 NEW YORK sTATE MUSEUM‘

Southwick, E. B. U. 8. Dep’t agriculture, Division Ento-
mology. Bulletin 2 (new ser.). 1895. p. 56 (brief mention).

Sturgis-Britton?. Conn. Agricultural experiment station. Bul-
letin 121. 1896. p. 3-6, 1 fig. (brief mention, as G. zanthomelaena).

Taft-Davis. Mich. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
121. 1895. p. 9 (mention, as G. xanthomelaena).

Webster, F. M. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 2 (new ser.). 1895. p. 58 (north of Salem, Mass.).

Weigel, W. Entomological news. 1895. 6: 292-93 (report on
spraying at West Point, N. Y.).

Cooley, R. A. Hatch experiment station, Mass. Agricultural
college. Bulletin 36. 1896. p. 38-7, fig. 1 (brief account).

Johnson, W.G. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 6 (new ser.). 1896. p. 66 (injuries and remedies).

Maynard, W. Country gentleman. 1896. 61: 1003 (a mass of
errors).

Sargent, C. S. Garden and forest. 1896.9: 199, 217-18 (rem-
edies) ; 1897. 10: 326-27 (apparatus).

Wickham, H. F. Canadian entomologist. 1897. 29: 7 (unknown
in Canada, as G. xanthomelaenda).

Felt, E. P. Troy daily times. 7 Apr., 1898 (prospects for 1898,
remedies) ; 25 Apr., 1898 (necessity of prompt action, reme-

dies); Argus, [Albany] 15 May, 1898, p. 7 (futility of cotton bands) ;
Country gentleman. 1898. 68: 513 (brief general account).

Fig.

Fig.

ov Re © no Fe

J OS OH Ww DS

des

THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE IN NEW YORK STATE 0,

EXPLANATION OF PLATES
Plate I

Elm leaves showing eggs and work of young larvae.
Elm-leaf beetle (x2).

Vertical and lateral view of eggs, very much enlarged.
Young larva, very much enlarged.

Full grown larva (x5).

Plate Ia

Foliage of European elm showing method of work of
beetle and larva — natural size.

Adult beetle.

Egg mass.

Young larva.

Full-grown larva.

Mouth parts of full-grown larva.

Pupa.
Plate 2

Work of elm-leaf beetle on Elm street, Albany, taken 15 June,

1898.

Plate 3

Work of elm-leaf beetle on Jacob street, Troy, taken 15 June,

1898.

Plate 4

Power spraying outfit at work in Albany, taken 15 June, 1898.

Plate 5

Hand spraying outfit at work in Albany, taken 15 June, 1898.

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Plate 1.

Elm-Leaf Beetle.

Plate la

~~

Ss

ELM-LEAF BEETLE
(After Howard [Division Entomology], U. S. Department Agriculture, Year book, 1895)

Plate 2

Work of elm-leaf beetle on Elm street, Albany

Plate 3

Work of elm-leaf beetle on Jaccb street, Troy

‘
~
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at ry ‘
cin! a4

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ro
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’

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The superior figure points to the exact place on the page in ninths; e. g. 394
means four ninths of the way down page 39. Dates.are printed in italics.

Academy natural sciences (Phil.),
Proceedings cited, 299.
Albany, elm-leaf beetle in, 59, 71.
cost of spraying at, 226,
distribution of Gossyparia in, 18°,
Gossyparia in, 166.
injuries by pigeon Tremex in, 197.
injury to elms in, 159-162.
larvae abundant in October, 127.
number of trees killed by beetle
in, 62,
ravages of beetle in, 59-61.
Albany evening journal cited, 315.
American agiiculturist cited, 304;
American association for advancement
of science, Proceedings cited, 337.
elm attacked, 155, 163,
American entomologist, z&So cited,
302, 308.
American naturalist cited, 307.
Americana, Ulmus, attacked, 15°.
Amherst (Mass.), beetle at, in 7595, 73.
Aphis lions, 21°.
Appalachian mountains, beetle east of
till 2596, 68.
Argus cited, 316, 347.
asparagi, Crioceris, 5§.
Asparagus beetle, 5°.
Atties, hibernation of beetle in, 97.
Atwater, W. O., cited, 332.
Austria, beetle injurious in, 67.
Averill Park, beetle at, in 7596, 7.

Baltimore, Md., beetle injurious at, in
1838, 68,

Bands of cotton, 272; of tar, 273.

Barnard, W. S., cited, 32°.

Basket industry injured by cotton-
wood-leaf beetle, 57.

Basket willow injured by cottonwood-
leaf beetle, 57.

Beckwith, M. H., cited, 329.

Birds carrying Gossyparia, 186,

Blackening of trees by Gossyparia and
fungus, 168.

Boiling water, 26+.

Boston, Mass., Gossyparia in, 166

Britton, W. E., cited, 338.

Bruner, L., cited, 331.

Burlington, Vt., Gossyparia in, 166.
Burrows of pigeon Tremex, 196.

calmariensis, Chrysomela [Galeruceila
luteola], 294.
Galeruca [Galerucella luteola], 294,
301,
campestris, Ulmus, attacked, 157.
Camptobrochis grandis, 213.
Canadian entomologist cited, 304, 309,
317, 323, 346,
Capitol, hibernation of beetles in, 99.
Carman, E. S., cited, 333.
Carolina, Mantis, 214.
Carson city, Nev., Gossyparia in, 167.
Catalogus coleopterorum Europae, Cau-
casi, Armeniae rossicae cited, 328.
Cayuga lake in upper austral life zone,
Ube

Charlotte, N. C., beetle not known
further south, 68.

Chauliognathus marginatus, 209.

Chinch-bug, 207.

Chittenden, F. H., cited, 33°.

Chrysomela calmariensis [Galerucella
luteola], 294.

Chrysomelidae, 51.

Clarkson, F., cited, 31’.

38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Climate of upper austral life zone

favorable to beetle, 7°.

Coleoptera, 51.

Colorado potato beetle, 5°.

columba, Tremex, 18%.

Coniothecium saccharinum, a fungus,

168.

Connecticut agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 342; Rep’t
cited, 338.

beetle over a large portion of the
state, 73.

Continued breeding of beetle, 132.

Cook, A. J., cited, 319.

Cooley, R. A., cited, 344.

Cornell agricultural experiment sta-

tion, Bulletin cited, 332.

Cost of spraying trees, 218-228,

Cottonwood-leaf beetle, 57.

Country gentleman cited, 30°, 30%,

311, 312, 318, 314, 315, 316, 319, 345,

Crioceris asparagi, 5°.
Cyrtoneura stabulans, 20°.

Daimler gasoline motor, 238-241,
Dates of beetle’s occurrence along the
Hudson, 7}.
Death threatening elms, 53.
Delaware agricultural
station, Rep’t cited, 329
Descent of larvae, 148-155.
Destruction of larvae and pupne at
base of trees, 263.
Diabrotica 12-punctata, 5§.
vittata, 8.
Dimmock, G., cited, 318.
Doryphora 10-lineata, 5°.
Dyar, H. G., cited, 326.

experiment

Egg stage elm-leaf beetle, duration
of, 102.

Eggs elm-leaf beetle, abundant in
September, 127; described, 88.

Eighth report on insects of New York
cited, 313,

Electric cars
beetle, 72.

probably transporting

Eleventh report on insects of New
York cited, 315.

Elm bark-louse, animported insect, 164.

distribution, 166. !

females figured and described, 17?.
honey dew secreted by, 16%.
injurious nature, 168-171.
life-history, 176.

male and its cocoon, 181.

manner of distribution, 18°.
reference, 16°, 282.

remedy, 281.

Elm-borer, 199-204.

Elm Grove, W. Va., beetle in, 68.

Elm inoculation company, 278; opera-
tions in Conn., 278; in Westchester
county, 278.

Elm-leaf beetle,

seriously injured by, 161.

American elms

an associated insect, 164.

an imported insect, 5},

bad reputation of its family, 5°.

bands of cotton, tar or other sub-
stances not recommended, 272.

beetle described, 87.

bibliography, 291-347,

breeding late in autumn, 129.

continued breeding of, 132.

descent of first brood, 123.

disinclination to fly, 138.

described, 87.

distribution, 67-74.

elms, species attacked by, 156-164.

English sparrow feeding on, 214.

extended injury by, 59-68.

feeding habits of larvae, 114-121.

figures of, 115; 142; Plates 1, 2, 3.

fresh foliage attractive to beetles,
12°.

fungus disease, 206.

generations, 131.

growth of larvae, 122.

eggs, 88, 101-113.

habits of beetles and larvae, 135,

hibernation of beetles, 98.

inaction means death to elms,
59-63,

INDEX TO MUSEUM BULLETIN 20

Elm-leaf beetle—continued
injuries will probably be con-
tinuous, 64.
iusect enemies of, 208-214.
larvae described, 89-95.
life-history, 9°.
natural enemies, 205-215,
necessity of knowing life-history,
95.
notorious pests belonging to its
family, 5°.
numbers on trunk, 15!.
oviposition of, 101, 124.
palliative measure, 261.
probable limits of its spread, 7°.
prolificacy, 10-11%.
pupate largely on ground, 148,
ravages along the Hudson, 5}.
record of deposition of eggs, 104
Glee
remedies, 216-251.
second brood, development of, 12°.
spreads very slowly, 138-142.
sulphur, plugging trees with, 27°.
tender leaves preferred, 147.
useless measures, 27.
Elms, Tremex columba attacking, 18.
injuries to, 52.
not protected by bands, 272.
Saperda tridentata attacking, 199-
202.
species attacked by elm-leaf beetle,
155.
Emmons, E., cited, 297.
Eneyclopedie methodique — Histoire
naturelle insect. cited, 29°.
English elm suffers severely, 157, 16°.
English sparrow carrying Gossyparia,
186,
feeding on beetle larvae, 21°.
Entomologia systematica cited, 294.
Entomological news cited, 323, 325,
843,
Entomological society of Ontario, Re-
port cited, 325.
Entomological society (Wash.), Pro-
ceedings cited, 304, 32%, 326, 335.

a EE

39

entomophilum, Sporotrichum, 206.

Enumeratio insectorum Austriae indi-
genorum cited, 29°.

Europe, beetle common over a large
portion, 6°.

European elms defoliated, 141, 156.

Explanation of plates, 351.

Fabricius, J. C., cited, 294.
Falconer, W., cited, 319.
Feeding habits of beetle, 13°.
Felt, E. P.; cited, 346.
Fernald, C. H., cited, 334.
Field and forest, 7876, cited, 302.
Fifth rep’t on insects of New York
eited, 298, 311.
Figure of leaf eaten by beetle, 142.
Gossyparia females, 172.
male cocoons of Gossyparia, 18?.
pigeon T'remex, 192.
elm-leaf beetle, Pl. 1.
elm-leaf eaten by larvae, 114.
Saperda tridentata, 203.
spraying apparatus, Plates 4, 5.
trees Plates
2 ee
Fitch, A., cited, 298.
Fourth rep’t on insects of New York
cited, 309.
France, beetle injurious in southern
portion, 67,

injured by beetle,

Fremd, Charles, reference, 16°.
Fuller, A. S., cited, 306.
Fungus growing in honey dew, 168.

Galeruca calmariensis
. lnteola], 294, 301.
xanthomelaena [Galerucella luteo-

la], 295, 302, 313, 322, 331, 342.

Galerucelia Jutevla, see elm-leaf beetle.

xanthomelaena [luteola], 314.

Garden and forest, cited, 322, 338, 33%,
345,

Generations, number of, 131.

[ Galerucella

Germany, beetle injurious in southern
portion, 6°.

globuliferum, Sporotrichum, 20%,

Glover, T., cited, 301.

40 NEW YORK

Gossyparia ulmi, 165.
Gould force pump, 239, 242,
grandis, Camptobrochis, 21°.

Harris T. W., cited, 297.

Hamilton, J., cited, 328.

Hatch experiment station, Mass. agri-
cultural Bulletin cited,
344,

Henshaw, S., cited, 318.

Honey dew secreted by Gossyparia,
168.

Hopkins, A. D., cited, 63.

Hose for spraying, 229, 233.

Howard, L. O., cited, 72, 335; on elms
attacked, 163.

Hudson, beetle at, in zSgo, 7}.

Hudson river, injury to elms along,

52, 61.
progress of beetle up, 6%.
Hulst, G. D., cited, 321.

college,

Inclosing base of trees, 26°.

Insect life cited, 304, 326, 333.

Insects ivjurions to forest-shade trees
cited, 308.

Insects injurious to vegetation, 297.

Insects transporting Gossyparia, 186.

Introduction of beetle in this coun-
try, 67.

Introduction to modern classification
insects cited, 298.

Italy, beetle injurious in, 97.

Johnson, W. G., cited, 344.

Kerosene emulsion, method of prepa-
ration, 284.

spraying with, 97.

Kerosene or kerosene emulsion, 264.

Kingsley’s standard natural history
cited, 318.

Kirkland, A. H., on cost of spraying
trees, 224,

Lace-wing flies, 213.
Lansingburg, injury to elms in, 158.
Larva, elm-leaf beetle, described,

89-94,

STATE MUSEUM

Larvae abundant in October, 127.
descent of first brood, 123; second
brood, 128.
developing on old leaves, 128.
dropping from overhanging limbs,
153,
places of pupation, 152.
pupation on rough bark, 148-159.
Leaf skeletonized by larvae, 11+.
Leaves, their destruction weakens the
tree, 62.
Le Conte, J. L., cited, 299.
Lewis, P. C., on cost of spraying, 227.
labor saving devices of, 243,
Life-history, elm-leaf beetle, 95-129.
See elm-leaf beetle
Gossyparia, 176.
Life zone, upper austral, area in New
York state included within, 76.
beetle limited thereby, 738.
Lina seripta, 57,
Linnaeus, C., cited, 294.
Lintner, J. A., cited, 309-316.
List Coleoptera North America cited,
318,
Lockwood, S., cited, 307.
London purple for beetle, 251.
Long Island in upper austral life zone,
77,
Lunate long sting, 197.
lunator, Thalessa, 197.
luteola, Galerucella, 51.
beetle.

See elm-leaf

Male and cocoons of Gossyparia,
18, j

Manner of spraying, 247-259,

Mantis Carolina, 214.

Mantissa insectorum cited, 29°.

marginatus, Chauliognathus, 209.

Marlatt, C. L., cited, 337.

Massachusetts agricultural college,
Rep’t cited, 335.

Maynard, W., cited, 345.

Mechanicville, beetle at, in 7596, 7?.

Meianges de philosophie et de math-
ematique cited, 29°.

Metal extension to hose, 24°.

INDEX TO MUSEUM BULLETIN 20

Michigan agricultural college, Gossy-
paria at, 167.
agricultural experiment station, Bul-
letin cited, 342.
Middlebury, Vt., beetle at, 75.
Miller’s Falls, Mass., beetle found at,
in 7595, 74.
Mites near eggs, 213,
Molasses to make poison adhere, 252,
molochinus, Quedius, 209.
montana, Ulmus, attacked, 15’.
Miiller, M., cited, 293.

Natural enemies of elm beetle, 20°.

Natural history of New York—Agri-
culture cited, 297.

Nebraska state horticultural society,
Rep’t cited, 331.

New Baltimore, beetle at, in 75gz, 7}.

Newburg, beetle at, in 757g, 7}.

New Brunswick, N. J., but one brood,

132,

cost of spraying at, 211,

New Hampshire agricultural experi-
ment station, Rep’ts cited, 329.

New Haven, Conn., necessity of spray-
ing for beetle in, 6°. ;
New Jersey agricultural experiment

station, Bulletin cited, 321, 324;
Report cited, 321, 322, 328, 324, 325,
328,
necessity of spraying for beetle in, 64.
New York state agricultural society.
Transactions cited, 298.
Reports on insects of. cited, 301,
311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316,
New York city, necessity of spraying
for beetle in, 6°.
Ninth rep’t on insects of New York
cited, 313.
Nozzle for spraying, 229, 234,
Number of generations, 131,
Nursery stock, Gossyparia on, 165;
distributed by, 18°.

Old leaves, larvae developing on, 1238,
Olivier, A. G., cited, 296.

41

Oneida lake, in upper austral life zone,
77,

Out-houses, hibernation of beetle in,
97,

Oviposition of beetle, long continued,
108-114,

Packard, A.S., cited, 308.

Palliative measure, 261.

Palo Alto, Cal., Gossyparia at, 167.

Parasites of beetle not effective, 6°.

Paris green and water, spraying with,
97, 251, :

Pennsylvania state board agriculture,
Rep’t cited, 339.

Perkins, G. H., cited, 327.

Pigeon Tremex, 189.

Platynus punctiformis, 209.

Plngging trees with sulphur, 27°,

Podisus spinosus, 211,

Poughkeepsie, beetle at, in 2&8, 71.

Praying Mantis, 214.

Predatory enemies of beetle not abund-
ant, 6°.

Preventive measures for borers, 287.
Proceedings of academy of natural
sciences (Phil.) for 7865 cited, 299.

Prolificacy of beetle, 103.

Pseudimago of Gossyparia, 182.

Psyche cited, 318, 328.

Pump for spraying, 229, 239.

punctiformis, Platynus, 209.

Pupae found November 7th and 16th,
129,

Quedius molochinus, 20°.
Quicklime to prevent burning foliage,
252,

Rathvon, S$. §., cited, 302.
Record of egg deposit, 104-113.
Reitter, E., cited, 328.
Remedies, boiling water, 264.
destruction of Jarvae and pupae,
263.
digging out borers, 287,
inclosing base of trees, 266,

42

Remedies—continued
kerosene or kerosene emulsion, 264,
283,
spraying with poisons, 216-259, 282,
whale oil soap solution, 283.
for elm-leaf beetie,
cost of spraying elms, 218-228,
poisoning foliage recommended,
216,
proper apparatus, 228-247,
time of application, 247-259.
Report on insects of New York,
11th cited, 76.
Rhode Island, beetle in, 73.
Riley, C. V., cited, 302.
Rochester, injuries by cottonwood-leaf
beetle in vicinity, 57.
Rural New Yorker cited, 319, 333.
Rye, Gossyparia discovered at, 16°.

saccharinum, Coniothecium, a fungus,
168.
Salem, Mass., beetle found north of,
68, 75.
Sand Lake, beetle at, in 7596, 7?.
Saperda tridentata, beetle described
and figured, 202.
infesting elms, 198.
larval burrows, 201.
Sargent, C.S., cited, 345.
Saratoga, near northern limit of upper
austral life zone, 77.
Schiedt, R. C., cited, 839. -
Schrank, F. P., cited, 29°,
Science cited, 304.
Scotch elms suffer severely, 157, 16°.
larvae feeding on in October, 127.
Secondary attacks, by pigeon Tremex
injurious, 18°.
by elm borer injurious, 198.
encouraged by elm-leaf beetle, 188.
seripta, Lina, 5’.
Seventh rep’t on insects of New York
cited, 312.
Seneca lake in upper austral life zone,
cited, 77.
Sixth rep’t on insects of New York
cited, 312.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Skeletonizing by beetle, 137.
by larva, 114-122.
Slingerland, M. V., cited, 332.
Smith, J. B., cited, 322.
on cost of spraying, 219-224.
poison to be used, 251.
South Vernon, N. H., beetle at, 74.
Southwick, E. B., cited, 341; spraying
outfit designed by, 238.
Species insectorum cited, 294.
spinosus, Podisus, 211.
Sporotrichum entomophilum, 206.
globuliferum, 207.
Spraying, cost of, 218-228.
for elm-leaf beetle, 113, 248-253.
hand apparatus, 231.
labor saving devices, 24°.
power apparatus, 235-242,
proper apparatus, 228.
time and manner, 247,
under surface of leaves to he
treated, 254.
with kerosene emulsion, $7, 28%. °
with paris green and water, 9%,
255. )
Spring, appearance of beetles in, 98.
Springfield, Mass., beetle at, in 7&9z,
ios
stabulans, Cyrtoneura,.209.
Staten Island in upper austral life
- zone, 77.
Stepladder or platform for spraying,
248,
Stone, H. B., cited, 306.
Storrs agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 322.
Striped cucumber beetle, 8?.
Sturgis—Britton, cited, 342.
Sulphur, plugging trees with, 27°.
Syracuse, injuries by cottenwood-leaf
beetle in vicinity, 57.
Systema entomologiae cited, 294.
Systema naturae cited, 294.

Taft-Davis, cited, 342.

10-lineata, Doryphora, 5°.

Tenth rep’t on insects of New York
cited, 314.

INDEX TO MUSEUM BULLETIN 20 43

Thalessa lunator, 197.
Time for spraying, 247-259.
Transactions of N. Y. State agricul-
tural society for 7858 cited, 298.
Treatise on insects of New England,
291,
Tremex columba, 18%.
described, 191.
figured, 192,
injuries to elms, 19%.
Thalessa parasite of, 197.
preventives, 28°.
tridentata, Saperda, 199-204,
Troy, beetle at, in 7592, 7?.
distribution of Gossyparia in, 166;
186,
eggs numerous there in September,
126,
injuries by pigeon Tremex in, 197.
ravages of beetle in, 61; 158.
Troy daily times, cited, 346.
Twelfth rep’t on insects of New York
cited, 297; 316.
12-punctata, Diabrotica, 5°.
12-spotted Diabrotica, 5°.

Ulmi, Gossyparia, 165.
Ulmus Americana attacked, 15°.
campestris attacked, 157.
montana attacked, 157,
United States Dep’t agriculture,
Division entomology, circular cited,
33’; Bulletin 2 (new ser.) cited,
305; 314; 324; 334; 335; 338; 341;
342; Bulletin 4 cited, 307; Bul-
letin 6 cited, 30%; Builetin 9
(new ser.) cited 334; Bulletin 10
cited, 303.

U.S. Dep’t agriculture—continued
Rep’t commissioner cited, 301; 302;
303 ; rep’t secretary cited, 305.
Yearbook cited, 336.
U. S. Entomological commission, Bul-
letin cited, 308; Report cited, 308.

‘Upper austral life zone, area in New

York state included within, 7°.
beetle limited thereby, 7°.
Useless measures, 271.

Valley of Hudson river in same life
zone aS New York city, 6.
Van Wagenen, G H., cited, 317.
Vermont agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Rep’t cited, 327.
state board
eited, 327.
vittata, Diabrotica, 37.

agriculture, Rep’t

Washington, D. C., continued injury
by beetle in, 164.
Gossyparia in, 167.
Washington park, beetle in, 13%.
Webster, I. M., cited, 343.
Weed, C. M., cited, 329.
Weigel, W., cited, 343.
Wellsburg, W. Va., beetle at, 68.
Westwood, J. O., cited, 298.
Wickham, H. F., cited, 346.
Willows, basket, injured by cotton-
wood-leaf beetle, 57.

xanthomelaena, Galeruca ([Galeru-
cella luteola], 295, 302, 313, 322, 331,
342,

xanthomelaena [luteola], Galerucella,
314,

(Fages 45-46 were bulletin cover pages)

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PULL E EP

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New York State Museum

VOL, 5: “No: 21

SEPTEMBER 1898

GEOLOGY

OF THE

LAKE PLACID REGION

BY

JAMES FURMAN KEMP, E. M.

prepared with the permission of Prof. James Hall, State Geologist, and Charles D. Wolcott,
Director U. S. Geological survey

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GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE PLACID REGION

INTRODUCTION

The following outline of the geology of the region about Lake
Placid has been prepared from notes which were taken while the
writer was in the field, first under the direction of Prof. James
Hall, state geologist and later under that of Dr Charles D. Wal-
eott, director of the United States geological survey. Acknowl-
edgments are due both these gentlemen for permission to use the
observations.

It has been the writer’s aim to give an observer, and specially
a teacher who might be sojourning in the region, a grasp of its
larger geologicfeatures,and tosuggest the topicsinregard to which
our present knowledge needs amplification. The writer’s attention
has been thus far chiefly centered on the hard crystalline rocks as
distinguished from the incoherent sands, gravels and moraines
that rest on them. Much remains to be done in the study of
these last named, for they give the clue to the recent geologic
history of the valley and by a careful study of them and by dis-
_tinguishing moraines, deltas, abandoned lake bottoms and their
respective altitudes some interesting problems in geographic
geology may be solved.

GEOGRAPHIC OUTLINE

If an observer stands on an elevated point near Lake Placid,
_with the relief map which will be found opposite p. 62 in hand he
will note that the region about him lies to the northwest of the
‘great central group of peaks, which constitutes the backbone of
the Adirondacks. The Gothics, Marcy, McIntyre and their neigh-
bors form the southeastern sky line and a broad, open valley lies
between their foothills and the lake itself. Whiteface, one of
the highest peaks bounds the lake on the north and with tts
spurs incloses the valley in this direction. Beyond White-
face, the mountains decrease rapidly in size, and. although
for many miles the country is wild and rugged, the altitudes
gradually decline to the plain that forms the south bank of the

52 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

St Lawrence river. The eastern side of the Lake Placid valley is
chiefly formed by the fine massif of Sentinel mountain, whose
northwestern spur is cleft from Mt Whiteface by the Wilmington
Notch, and whose southern is similarly separated from Pitchoff
mountain by the narrow pass through which runs the old but
now abandoned road to the Keene valley. Pitchoff is in turn
split off from Cascade and Porter mountains by the Cascadeville
Notch, likewise a precipitous pass. It may be farther remarked

that if one goes out to the south one must take the trail through -

Avalanch pass, another narrow cleft in the mountains, or else the
still more famous Indian pass, which lies on the west side of Mt
McIntyre, and which is in many respects the most impressive of
all the Adirondack passes.

To the west the country is more open, and in driving to
Saranac, a broader valley with much lower hills surrounding
it is met. The present lack of topographic maps of this section
has prevented its accurate study as yet, although its character
can readily be seen by a drive or a walk.

The drainage of the Lake Placid valley passes out through the
west branch of the Ausable river and enters Lake Champlain
through the famous Ausable chasm, just north of Port Kent. The
valley lies therefore in the St Lawrence drainage basin, but is near
its southern limit. The headwaters of the Hudson are in
Avalanch pass a few miles to the south.

In its smaller features the valley south of Lake Placid is to a
great degree a plain of sand and gravel, now quite deeply dis-
sected by the various streams which cut across it. Flat-topped
hillocks, the stumps of the former general level remain and.
enable one to fill out its former conditions. Occasional moraines
of sand and boulders, such as the one on which the Lake Placid
hotels are built, diversify the surface, but the general ae is
that of a plain, whose relief is due to erosion.

The altitude of the lake above tide is 1864 feet. The West
Branch at the High Fall is 1300 feet and at Wilmington village
1000, so that the rapid fall of the river explains the great amount
of erosion that has been accomplished. The altitudes of the

GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE PLACID REGION 53

several peaks in the immediate vicinity are as follows: White-
face, 4872; Sentinel, 3858; Pitchoff, 3450; Cascade, 4092; Por-
ter, 4070. Mt McIntyre, at 5112, can be reached and ascended in
a day, and is second only to Mt Marcy at 5344. Of all the Adi-
rondack peaks, these two alone, McIntyre and, Marcy, exceed
59000 feet but several others approximate it closely.

Of the minor elevations near the lake, Eagle Eyrie is 2656,
Pulpit mountain 2658, the two being practically the same, and
Cobble hill is 2330.

. ROCKS

The rocks proper, which include the ‘ hard’ formations: as con-
trasted with the incoherent sands and gravel, may be classified
into 1) crystalline limestone, 2) quartzite, 3) granite, 4) gneiss,
5) anorthosites or the rocks consisting chiefly of labradorite feld-
spar, 6) trap dikes. If we add the incoherent sands and gravels,
there are, 7) moraines of unsorted sands and boulders, large and
small being commingled, and 8) water-sorted sands and gravels,
forming abandoned lake bottoms and deltas now more or less .
modified by erosion both by wind and water.

Crystalline limestone. This rock is not in large amount bui
it is extremely significant in its geologic relations. Reference
to the geologic map (cover p. 2) will indicate its presence in only
one place so far as known in the town of North Elba and that is
near the trail that leaves the Wilmington road at the house of
Mr Watson. A small area outcrops in the bottom of a brook. In
- the valley of the east branch of the Ausable river, one outcrop
’ occurs in the town of Jay. There are at least six or seven in
Keene. The limestone is always a coarsely crystalline variety,
and is formed of rather large individuals of calcite, through
which smaller crystals of pyroxene, of the variety coccolite, are
richly distributed in practically all cases. Graphite is often
present and dark bunches of varying size consisting of black
hornblende, quartz, pyrrhotite, feldspar and some rarer minerals
are frequent. Traces of bedding have been destroyed and al-
though the limestone shows as a.rule a banded character, this
is the result of pressure exerted during its metamorphism. The

54 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

invariable presence of the pyroxene and other silicates leads us
to infer that the original limestone was an impure siliceous
variety, and when metamorphism affected it, the silica, lime,
magnesia and iron present, became combined in the included min-
erais. The limestones furnish the only localities attractive to
the collector of minerals and some advice regarding them is,
given later under the head of mineralogy (p. 63). In fact loose .
bunches of pyroxene crystals, garnets and other characteristic
aggregates and masses of black hornblende often remind us when
doing field work that limestones must be near before the actual
outcrop is discovered.

Quartzite. In two or more localities small outcrops have been
met of a rock that seems to be excessively altered sandstone. One
is on the old road from North Elba to Keene, and is in Keene town-
ship; the other is at the Red Rocks on the east side of the Keene
valley. Additional ones of small size are met in a minor degree as-
sociated with the limestones of the Keene-Jay valley. The rock
appears to the unaided eye to be an aggregate of little else than
quartz grains through which flakes of graphite may occasionally
be detected. When cut in thin section the rock from the
old Keene road shows much emerald green pyroxene, and a
little scapolite. All the minerals are strained and fractured and
have clearly been subjected to great pressure. The outcrops
in the two localities specially cited are in or near steep precipi-
tous cliffs, that have been produced by faults.

The quartzites were doubtless originally sandstones that had .
Sometimes carbonaceous matter, and sometimes lime, magnesia,
iron and alumnia, sufficient in amount to yield the acces-
sory minerals. Along the old Keene road the quartzite passes
almost imperceptibly into a gneiss, that may itself be an altered
sediment.

Granite. In four localities a rock has been met that corres-
ponds to granite. One is on the steep sides of a spur of Mt White-
face along the trail from the north end of Lake Placid to Franklin
Falis. Another is at the High-Falls in Wilmington Notch in the

GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE PLACID REGION 55

bed of the stream. A third is in a hill a mile east of Scotts Cob-
ble, and the fourth is in the bed of the East Branch at the cas-
cade between Keene Center and the iron bridge a mile and a half
south. In each case the rock is chiefly quartz and feldspar, in a
coarsely crystalline aggregate. In thin section the quartz is
found to be much strained from geologic movements, and the
feldspar is the variety microperthite, being an orthoclase thickly
set with little spindles of albite.

The three rocks above referred to, and the trap dikes to be
later described are minor rock formations, nearly all the country
being made up of the two that follow next.

Gneiss. Under this comprehensive name is included a consid-
erable variety of rocks, all of which have however the distin-
guishing feature of ‘ gneiss’ in strong development. That is, the
light and dark minerals are arranged in rudely parallel bands so
as to give a foliated or laminated aspect to the rock. The
banding varies from coarse to fine, and is produced by innumer-
able flattened lenses of minerals, strung out with their long
diameters parallel. The bands curve and eddy at times and
strongly simulate the phenomena produced by the flow of a ropy
or viscous fluid.

The commonest gneiss is a dark, and more or less rusty rock,
with abundance of black minerals, set in a brown or green
mass of feldspar. When a fresh exposure is produced either by
pounding to the core of a large fragment or in blasting boulders
and ledges for the improvement of highways, it is seen that the
rock is a pronounced green. Red garnets are frequently quite
prominent in it. In thin sections this variety is found to be
chiefly composed of microperthitic feldspar and emerald green
pyroxene. With these in places here and there are varying
amounts of hornblende, hypersthene, quartz, garnet, magnetite
apatite and zircon. When the quartz is abundant, varieties high
in silica result; when it and the feldspar are in less amount, dark
pyroxenic and hornblendic varieties occur in consequence.

In some gneisses large blue labradorites are quite prominent,
but always in rudely lenticular form, giving the general impres-

56 NEW YORK sTATE MUSEUM

sion of an eye, around which the dark minerals are ranged like
eyelashes and eyebrows. For this reason it is customary to des-
cribe the labradorites as ‘Augen’ using the German word for
eyes. They indicate relationships with the anorthosites, the next
group of rocks.

The obscure geologic questions that arise in connection with
the gneisses are those which deal with their original condi-
tion and the changes through which they have passed to reach
their present condition. The gneisses are essentially ‘ meta-
morphic’ rocks, and the term means that by recrystallization
or by compression, crushing and consequent internal move-
ments, or by both combined, they have been produced from
sediments or from igneous rocks. It was formerly believed
that the foliation represented the bedding of sediments, but it
seems now more reasonable to regard it as the result of pressure
and of a movement analogous to a viscous flow, that has strung
out the minerals in lines. It is quite probable that some of the
gneisses and specially those associated with the limestones and
quartzites are altered sediments, and it is also probable that
those with the labradorite augen are squeezed igneous rocks, but
our investigations do not yet admit of their separation in map-
ping.

The gneisses are colored brown on the map, by reference to
which it will be seen that they bound Lake Placid on the east
and appear to some extent in the islands on the east side. Excel-
lent exposures with pronounced foliation will be found in the
cliffs of Pulpit mountain, on Eagle Eyrie and in Sunrise Notch.
Along the West Branch they are the country rock. Pitchoff
mountain and the southwest portions of Sentinel are composed
of them and the ledges on the East Branch in Jay and northern
Keene are the same. The boundaries between them and the anor-
thosites are not sharp and passage forms are met so that the
areal distribution on the contacts is approximate. Repeated ex-
perience has, however, indicated both to the writer in Essex
county, and to H. P. Cushing in Franklin county that dark
gneisses with labradorite augen, often surround areas of anor-

GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE PLAOID REGION 57

thosite and that the transition from one to the other is a gradual
one.

Anorthosites. The anorthosites may be considered to be the
characteristic rocksof the Adirondacks. In their typical cases they
consist of little else than blue labradorite and are then a most
_ beautiful rock. A little pyroxene, mostly augite, appears as a rule,
and hypersthene is frequent. The presence of the latter led Prof.

Emmons in the early work of the New York state survey to call
them hypersthene rock, or hypersthene, but this mineral is a
subordinate one. Labradorite is the great component and the
rocks might be fittingly described as ‘ labradorite rocks’, follow-
ing a custom prevalent in Norway, but in English the term is not
a good rock name. They are sometimes described as norite
meaning a rock composed of labradorite and hypersthene, but
experience has indicated the scarcity of hypersthene, and here
the word anorthosite is employed, which means a rock chiefly
composed of plagioclase feldspar. The rocks resemble a coarse
granite, the individual crystals being sometimes very large.
The typical anorthosites grade into varieties with more and
more dark silicates and some of the areas colored red on the map
have large and prominent amounts of them. These darker
pyroxenic and hornblendic rocks are not anorthosites, strictly
speaking but are gabbros and diorites; nevertheless the anor-
thosite is the prominent and characteristic variety and is here
used with that understanding. The summit of Mt Whiteface and
the southern portion of the mountain consists of a variety that
contains large amounts of hornblende and pyroxene, together with
milky white feldspar. It is so peculiar that we have been accus-
tomed in the field to refer to it as the Whiteface type of rock. It
is characteristic of this mountain ridge. Despite the peculiarities
of the rock, it belongs beyond question in the anorthosite series,
and is closely involved with typical anorthosites. The latter are
found all around the base of the mountain toward Wilmington
and on the trail from Wilmington village, to the summit, that
passes over Marble mountain, typical anorthosites appear till -
the peak is nearly reached.

58 NEW YORK sTATE MUSEUM

The anorthosites have not escaped the general results of
Squeezing and crushing that are so strongly shown by the
gneisses. On the contrary the feldspar crystals in the area of
the map are seldom if ever provided with sharp edges. A blue
crystalline nucleus is surrounded by a crushed white pulp of
comminuted feldspar, phenomena that will forcibly appeal to
an observer as having been produced by pressure on a grand —
scale. They are also drawn out into gneissoid foliation in many
instances, but this structure is not specially marked because of
the lack of dark minerals, which accentuate it by contrast with
the feldspar. Often a narrow rim of pink garnets will be noticed
surrounding such dark silicates as appear in the anorthosite.

The anorthosites in typical development will be found on the
west side of Lake Placid, and specially on the hilltop back of the
Whiteface Inn. As the Whiteface type they constitute the peak
of the same name. They bound the Wilmington valley so far as
here mapped, and make up all the central part of the Sentine}
range. To the south they become the prevailing rock and beyond
the area of the map they form all the high peaks around Mt Marcy.

Trap dikes. The trap dikes constitute minor but striking mem-
bers in the geology of the region. They are not numerous so far
as known within the area of the map. They have been met almost
always throughout the mountains, where some great fault line
has formed a line of weakness, up through which they have
found an outlet from the reservoirs of molten rock in the in-
terior. They are all black basalt and in thin section are shown
by the microscope to contain plagioclase feldspar and augite, as
the most abundant minerals. Magnetite, apatite and sometimes
brown hornblende are also present, and more or less glass.

A dike occurs about a mile north of Eagle Kyrie. A ramifying
and very instructive network of them is well exposed at the High
Fall in Wilmington Notch. Others were noted in the limestone
area a mile or so south of the Notch proper. They occur north-
west of Clifford Falls on the east slope of Sentinel. In the Cas-
. cade Notch, immediately opposite the hotel and beneath the
‘cascade’ there is another network of them, and still another in

md

GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE PLACID REGION 59

the gorge of the East Branch a mile south of Keene Center. No
doubt additional ones will be discovered by observation of the
brook bottoms and the writer would be glad to be informed of
any that may be met.

Moraines. The moraines of unsorted sand and boulders are
the most striking evidence of the glacial period. They meet the
eye of the visitor immediately on reaching Lake Placid, because
the town is built upon a ridge formed of them. Huge boulders .
preject from the sides of cuttings wherever the highways have
been graded. This commingling of large rocks and fine sands
will appeal even to the unscientific observer as only to be ex-
plained by the work of ice. This particular moraine is an im-
portant one because Lake Placid is the result of it. Like a great
dam the glacial drift confines the water to the valley between
the hills, while Mirror lake is in a depression in the dam itself.

Other moraines are not lacking in the region but as our obser-
vations are as yet too incomplete to accurately map them no dis-
tinction is made on the map. Some minor points of interest may
however be mentioned. In the pass toward French’s at the
north end of Lake Placid, and beyond Eagle Eyrie, there is a
huge boulder that is 25x 201215 feet, as determined by pacing.
It stands by itself in the forest. Others of notable size are
abundant on the hillsides south of Keene Center. The boulder
at John Brown’s grave is one of the sights familiar to the Lake
Placid summer visitor.

The.boulders in the moraines are chiefly the hard crystalline
rocks already described. Occasionally one finds a fragment of
Potsdam sandstone, that must have journeyed in from many
miles to the north.

Water-sorted sands and gravels. These consist of pebbles
and sand in a more or less clearly stratified condition. They
tend specially to form level plains and fan shaped terraces. The
plains appear to be abandoned lake bottoms, while the terraces
are the deltas which entering streams built up in the former
lakes. The deltas occur opposite the tributary valleys and

60 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

specially in the Keene valley, two or three distinct sets can be
recognized. Similar phenomena on a small scale can be recog-
nized in the present lakes.

The open valley south of Lake Placid gives much evidence of
having once been a lake whose waters were held in, perhaps by an
ice wall to the north. As earlier stated the stumps of the sandy
plain, and the deltas need to be correlated as regards altitudes
before we can be sure of the conditions surrounding the former
lake. The valley in which the town of Wilmington lies is a strik-
ing case of a lake basin, and not less significant are the lake bot-
toms and deltas in the Keene valley and in the Elizabethtown
valley. The latter is almost diagrammatic.

Geologic age. The hard crystalline rocks are of pre-Cam-
brian age, with the possible exception of the trap dikes. If the
word archean is used in the original sense as proposed by the late
Prof. Dana, for the formations that precede the fossiliferous
strata, then the Lake Placid crystallines are archean. But if,
as has been more recently proposed by the United States geologi-
cal survey, the name archean is restricted to those ancient rocks
that antedate all sediments, then the local formations must be
called Algonkian, a name that applies to pre-Cambrian rocks that
are sedimentary, or, if igneous, that are later than known sedi-
ments. . + et Fa

The name Laurentian has been widely employed for the ancient
crystalline rocks in the text-books on geology, and as it was orig!-
nally used in Canada for rocks geographically and geologically
related to those under consideration here, it may be referred to.
The Canadian geologists introduced the name Laurentian for the
oldest crystalline rocks of the globe, and set off from them under
the name Huronian, the metamorphosed sediments and igneous
rocks that rest upon the Laurentian around Lakes Superior and
Huron. With the exception of the trap dikes, the Lake Placid
rocks are all Laurentian, but no Huronian rocks are known in the
region.

Fairly extended observation throughout the Adirondacks has
led to the conclusion that the limestones, quartzites and probably

GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE PLACID REGION 61

some of the- gneisses are the oldest rocks present. They repre-
sent the remnants of a once extended series that formed all the
country. They have been invaded and broken up into small de-
tached areas by the igneous anorthosites. The intrusions took
place at quite profound depths in the earth, because the anortho-
sites have all the characteristics of rocks that have cooled and
erystallized under pressure and slowly. The limestones were
much affected by the neighboring masses of igneous rock and may
owe to their influence the great numbers of included pyroxenes
and other silicates.

Many facts otherwise inexplicable are accounted for by this
conception, as for instance the presence opposite Cascadeville of a
sinall mass of limestone, a sedimentary rock, in a great mountain
of anorthosite, an igneous one. The limestone on the north-
western extremity of Pitchoff is a still more striking case, while
fragments of quartzite have been found in the anorthosites of the
high peaks, as for instance on the summit of the Gothics. The
exact relations of the granites to the anorthosites in time, are
uncertain, but the granites are probably later.

After the intrusion of the anorthosites great metamorphism
ensued, that crushed the component minerals and produced much
gneissoid foliation. The rocks were apparently under such com-
pression and strain, that they flowed like a viscous fluid, and the
minerals became strung out in linear arrangement. It all
occurred however before the deposition of the Potsdam sand-
stone, because we find the latter to the north and east resting
unchanged on the older metamorphic rocks.

The trap dikes were certainly intruded after the metamor-
phism, for they show no evidence of having been squeezed or
sheared. In the region to the north, H. P. Cushing has found
dikes that cut the old crystallines, but stop at the Pots-
dam, and do not penetrate it. He therefore has concluded that
they were intruded before the Potsdam was deposited. The
writer has found others in the Lake Champlain region that
pierce strata even as late as the Utica slate. Clearly therefore
two series are present in the mountains, but to which of the two

62 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

the dikes around Lake Placid belong, we can not say from the
local evidence.

‘As to what took place in this region in the long interval of time
represented by the paleozoic and mesozoic eras and the tertiary
period, we can but imagine and most imperfectly. Whether the
mountains were leveled off, submerged and buried under strata
that have since been removed, or whether they were a land
area, that suffered great denudation and furnished material for
later sediments, we have slight means of knowing. For the later
paleozoic and for the mesozoic and tertiary the latter supposition
is the more reasonable. Careful study of the physiography may
throw some light on the tertiary or even on the later mesozoic
times, if remnants of old drainage systems can be made out. Pre-
sumably their outlines were not so very different from the pres-
ent ones.

At some time in this interval the great faults were developed
that have served to block out the individual mountains and val-
leys and that are the primary causes of the relief and of the
present drainage. The crushing of the rocks from the faulting
gave the rivers their easiest lines of erosion. This inference is
corroborated by the cracked and jointed condition of the rocks
in the channels, where exposed, and by the steep, precipitous
cliffs in the passes, which are due to the scaling off of platy
masses along the old lines of fracture. These movements may
have occurred in quite recent geologic time, but in no case have
we found faulted glacial deposits.

With the opening of the quaternary period came the invasion
of the continental glacier and the production of the moraines,
boulders and beautiful glacial amphitheaters or cirques on the
slopes of Whiteface and Sentinel. The boulders of Potsdam
sandstone indicate a movement from the northeast, and the few
glacial striae that have been met corroborate the inference. They
are not common in the area of the map and should be looked for
with care and their directions should be taken with a compass.

The configuration of the mountain slopes is strikingly charac-
teristic of ice action, and if the reader will observe on the relief

wy
4

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eae
7 >

GEOLOGY OF THE LAKE PLACID REGION 63

map, opposite p. 62, the eastern front of Whiteface for example,
he will be impressed with the amphitheaters, setting back
against precipitous walls, that are everywhere present. The
same is true of Sentinel mountain about the headwaters of Clif-
ford brook. Ice appears to have stood in these recesses and to
have worked the sides back to the comparatively steep walls
which confront us to-day. The open space or ‘ bergschrund ’, that
usually intervenes as a huge crack between the ice of ‘a glacier
and its inclosing wall, is a place of specially active disintegration
of rock. The thaw by day is succeeded by freezing during the
night and the walls scale off to a fairly vertical condition with ex-
ceptional rapidity. ‘An amphitheater with steep walls results,
which is a favorite form for the Adirondacks, being well shown on
Giant, on the Gothics and not a few other peaks.

The melting of the ice sheet and its retreat, the temporary
blocking of lines of drainage and perhaps general submergence of
the region led to the production of lake basins, with their attend-
ant deltas and sand plains, now a most suggestive feature of the
landscape, but observations, as already stated, have not yet been
made in sufficient detail to work out their number, succession
and relative altitudes.

MINERALOGY

The larger formations present little that is attractive to the
collector of minerals. The labradorite crystals of the anortho-
sites occasionally reach such dimensions and perfection of de-
velopment as to exhibit the characteristic twinning striations
on cleavage faces. Rarely they show the characteristic play of
colors of the labradorite from eastern Canada.

The included masses of limestone are much more prolific. At
Cascadeville beautiful light green coccolite is distributed
through white calcite. Small dark brown or black garnets are
associated, but neither the garnet nor the pyroxene possesses
good crystal boundaries, as the individuals have the rounded or
corroded aspect, so often seen on minerals contained in lime-
stone.

64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

In earlier notices of this locality zircon and vesuvianite are
mentioned but the writer has been unable to find them. Mag-
netite with included pyrites is available near the Cascade.

At the Weston mine in Keene, magnetite, yellow and brown
garnets and pyroxene are quite abundant but the forms are rude
in outline. In limestone areas outside the limits of the map,
good crystals of pyroxene, titanite, hornblende and quartz can
sometimes be freed by acid from the inclosing calcite. They are
found in the bunches of silicates that are included in the lime-
stone even up to large size. Calcite and pyrite have also been
seen. They may all be found in the future in the outlying areas
of limestone shown on the map, and to these a collector may
most profitably direct his search.

vale Niel DUEL OX

The superior figure points to the exact place on the page in ninths ; e. g. 604 means four

ninths of the way down page 60.

Age of rocks, geologic, 604-637.
Albite, 552.

Algonkian formations, 60°.

Altitudes, 529-532.

Amphitheaters, glacial, 628.
Anorthosites, 534, 615, 637; age, 612;

characteristics and _ distribution,
571-58; relations to gneiss, 568.
Apatite, 558.

Archean, term, 604.

‘Augen’ in labradorites, 559.

Augite, 572, 588.

Ausable chasm, 527.

Ausable river, east branch, crystalline
limestone, 537; gneisses, 567; granite,
551; trap dike, 591.

Ausable river, west branch, 526; de-
scent, 529; gneisses, 567.

Avalanch pass, 523, 527.

Basalt, 587.

Boulders, 592; near Lake Placid, 597;
of Potsdam sandstone, 628.

Brown, John, boulder at his grave, 597.

Calcite, 538, 639, 643.

Cascade mountain, 52%; altitude, 531;
minerals, 641.

Caseade Notch, 523; trap dike, 589.

Cascadeville, limestone, 614, 639.

Clifford brook, glacial amphitheaters,
632.

Clifford falls, trap dike, 589.

Cliffs, gneiss, 567; quartzite, 547.

Cobble Hill, altitude, 533.

Coccolite, 538, 639.

Crystalline limestone, 534; distribu-

characteristics, 53°-543,
See also Limestones.

Cushing, H. P., conclusions, 569, 618.

tion and

Dana, J. D., use of word archean, 604,

Deltas, 535, 599, 635.

Dikes, distribution and characteristics,
58°—591,

Diorites, 57®.

Drainage systems, old, 624; present,
625.

Eagle Eyrie, altitude, 532; gneisses,
567; trap dike, 588.

East Branch, see Ausable river, east
branch.

Elizabethtown valley, lake bottoms,
603.

Emmons, Prof., opinion, 573.

Fault, 547, 587, 625,

Feldspar, 539, 551, 557, 558, 581; plagio-
clase, 575-588.

Foliation, 555; cause, 564, 617.

Franklin falls, granite, 549,

French’s, boulder, 595.

Gabbros, 578.

-Garnets, 542, 557, 583, 639, 642.

Geographic outline, 516, 532.

Geologie age of rocks, 604-637.

Giant mountain, glacial amphitheaters,
634.

Glacial amphitheaters, 631.

Glacial period, evidences of, 592, 628.

Glass, 588.

66 NEWYORK

Gneisses, 534, 548, 569; age, 611; char-
acteristics, 554-56®; distribution, 566
571; how produced, 56?.

Gothics, 517; anorthosites, 615; glacial
amphitheaters, 634; quartzite, 615.
Granite, 534; distribution and charac-

teristies, 549-553; age, 616.
Graphite, 538.
Gravel plains, 528.
Gravels, incoherent, 534.
Gravels and sauds, water-sorted, 599-
603.

Hali, James, acknowledgments to, 512.

High Falls, altitude, 529; granite, 549;
trap dike, 58%.

Hornblende, 539, 543, 558, 588, 642.

Hudson river, headwaters, 52%.

Huronian rocks, 608.

Hypersthene, 558, 572.

Ice, action of, 637. See also Moraines.

Indian pass, 523,

Jay, gneisses, 567.

Keene, boulder, 597; crystalline lime-
stone, 537; gneisses, 568; granite,
551; quartzite, 544; Weston mine,
642,

Keene valley, abandoned road, 522;
deltas, 601; lake bottoms, 602.

Labradorite, 571, 637; ‘augen,’ 559.
Lake bottoms, abandoned, 535, 599,
603, 635.

Lake Placid, age of trap dikes, 621; alti-.

tude, 529; anorthosites, 584; boulder,
595; deltas, 607; drainage, 52°; evi-
dences of glacial period, 593; geo-
logic age of rocks, 609; gneisses,
567; topography, 516.
Laurentian rocks, 607.
Limestones, 638; age, 60°.
Crystalline limestone.

See also

McIntyre, Mt, 517, 524; altitude, 531.
Magnetite, 558, 588, 641, 642.
Marble mountain, anorthosites, 579.

STATE MUSEUM

Marcy, Mt, 517;
58>.

Mesozoic era, possible history, 621.

Metamorphic rocks, term, 563.

Microperthite, 552, 558,

Mineralogy, 637-6438.

Mirror lake, 594.

Moraines, 528, 534, 592-599, 627.

Mountain slopes, configuration, 62%.

Mountains, see Cascade mountain;
Cobble Hill; Eagle Eyrie; Giant;
Gothics; Marble; Pitchoff; Pulpit;
Sentinel; Scotts Cobble.

altitude, 531; peaks,

Norite, 574.
North Elba, boulder at John Brown’s
grave, 597; crystalline limestone, 536;

quartzite, 544.
Orthoclase, 552.

Paleozoic era, possible history, 621.

Pebbles, 599.

Pitchoff mountain, 522; altitude, 531;
gneisses, 567; limestone, 614.

Plagioclase feldspar, 57°, 588.

Plains, gravel, 528; sandy, 528, 602.

Porter, Mt, 523; altitude, 531.

Potsdam sandstone, rests on meta-
morphic rocks, 617; boulders, 628.
Pulpit mountain, altitude, 533; gneiss-

es, 567.
Pyrites, 641.
Pyroxene, 538, 546, 558, 572, 639, 642.
Pyroxene crystals, 542.
Pyrrhotite, 53%.

Quartz, 539, 551, 558, 642.

Quartzite, 534, 615; cliffs, 547; distri-
bution and characteristics, 544-549;
age, 609.

Quaternary period, probable history,
627.

Red Rocks, quartzite, 544.

Rivers, courses how determined, 628.

Rocks, characteristics, 571; geologic
age of, 604-637; varieties, 53°.

INDEX TO MUSEUM BULLETIN 21 67

Sand plains, 528, 635.

Sands, 592; incoherent, 534; water-
sorted, 599-603.

Sandstone, see Potsdam sandstone.

Saranac, topography, 525.

Scapolite, 546.

Scotts Cobble, granite, 551.

Sentinel mountain, 521; altitude, 531;
anorthosites, 584; glacial-amphithea-
ters, 637; gneisses, 567; quaternary
period, 628; trap dike, 589.

Sunrise Notch, gneisses, 567.

Terraces, fanshaped, 499.

Tertiary period, possible history, 62}.

Titanite, 642.

Trap dikes, 534, 553; age, 618; distri-
bution and characteristics, 585-59! ;
geologic age of, 604.

Utica slate, 619.

Vesuvianite, 641,

Walcott, C: D., acknowledgments to,
512.

Water-sorted sands and gravels, 599-
603,

West Branch, see Ausable river, west
branch.

Weston mine, Keene, 642.

Whiteface Inn, anorthosites, 584.

Whiteface, Mt, 518; altitude, 531;
anorthosites, 578; glacial
theaters, 631; granite, 549;
nary period, 628.

Wilmington, anorthosites, 579.

Wilmington Notch, 521; granite, 549;
trap dike, 589.

Wilmington valley, anorthosites, 584.

Wilmington village, altitude, 529.

amphi-
quater-

Zircon, 558, 641.

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University of the State of New York

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New York State Museum

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ALBANY
UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
1898

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CONPENTS

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ioaueeemmate or the New York aborigines... --_. 1.222. pase woe none ween woee cnee 75
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INTRODUCTION

The reception accorded the archeologic bulletins already issued
is most gratifying to all concerned. Since their inception there
have been bought and placed on exhibition in the corridors of the
state capitol and in the state library several collections, including
articles of much more than a commercial value gathered in
their respective fields by enthusiasts in local work. They will be
sought and studied by many interested in early New York history.
Besides those which are the results oi field work, the state is fortu-
nate in its collection of Indian silver brooches, and of the grotesque
wooden masks, still used by the Iroquois yet living among us. It
is yet more fortunate in having the University appointed keeper of
the wampums for the Six Nations of New York. In this way only
was it possible to obtain and to save from swift destruction the
unique wampum belts now on exhibition, the widest on record.

It was greatly desired that the Rev. W: M. Beauchamp who pre-
pared the present and the preceding bulletins, should give his whole
time to the preparation of others while there was opportunity, but.
the moderate means provided allowed but moderate work, and there
must be a waiting for results which might be secured now. Three
important subjects, however, have been covered in this preliminary
way. Should the series be carried on as hoped, there will come
ene interruption not unwelcome to many, in preparing an archeo-
logic map of New York, which it has been decided shall.constitute
the next bulletin. The regular bulletin size will admit less detail
than is desirable. Some of the 60 counties have scores of sites,
earthworks, hamlets and camps; but not much can be said on each .
of these for lack of room. Other counties, however, have little
of interest, allowing more space. The many plans of forts which
have been secured, will probably be made a separate subject. While
Dr Beauchamp has a large amount of material ready for this work,
he desires the fullest that may be procured, and will be grateful, in
the interests of science and the state, for any information from any
source. This should be sent as soon as may be convenient, ad-
dressed Rev. W: M. Beauchamp, Baldwinsville, N. Y. What is
not directly used now will be reserved for future needs.

MELVIL DEWEY
Secretary of the Umversity

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES

_ The art of making vessels or ornaments of baked clay dates from
a remote antiquity. The material is so easily molded that it was
probably used without baking at an even earlier day. Sun-dried
bricks and vessels are frequent in lands where they could advan-
tageously be employed, and the great advantage of burning these
may have been accidentally discovered in many places far apart.
Without discussing this history, it may be observed that a strong
resemblance has been noted between the rude pottery of this part
of our land and,the early ware of Scandinavian, Celtic and Teutonic
peoples. Not alone does this appear in general form, material and
ornament, but in the remarkable feature of the dark hue within
and the comparative brightness of the exterior.

In aboriginal New York earthenware we can make but three
great divisions, the third of which is of small importance. First
are those useful vessels whose fragments abound in many fields,
but which are now so rare in their complete form. Then we have
that remarkable class which gives us our best ideas of aboriginal
plastic art, and sometimes even more, the bold or graceful pipes
which the natives smoked in days of peace. The third class includes
articles of a miscellaneous character, ornamental or useful, as well
as some employed in games. These are few in number, and yet have
importance in a limited way.

As a rule, vessels of stone or of bark preceded earthenware in
New York, the latter being in general use only in recent times.
Those of bark have left no trace, but we may sometimes infer their
use on sites where nothing else is to be found. Potstone or
steatite is not rare in many places, but is usually absent from those
where earthenware occurs. The latter was universal among the
Iroquois family, and was largely employed by many of the Algon-
quins.

Going yet farther north we find that the Eskimos still use potstone
vessels, much like those whose fragments are found beside our

76 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

rivers. They have never acquired the art of making earthen pot-
tery, nor have the wandering tribes in the north of Canada ever
done so. In fact, the Canadian Indians do not appear to have used
earthenware in early days, with the exception of the allied Hurons
and Petuns, the Neutrals and the Iroquois of the St Lawrence, all
ci these being of one family. At Hochelaga or Montreal, the prim-
itive Mohawks made the same types of vessels and pipes before their
flight, that they afterwards did in New York. Similar forms appear
in the earthworks north of the St Lawrence, and not far from Pres-
cott. The nomadic tribes, however, preferred vessels of bark, easily
carried but not easily broken. In these they heated water with hot
stones, as the Iroquois may sometimes have done. Mr Frank H.
Cushing suggests that the angular forms of many Iroquois vessels
may have come from the bark originals of their earlier days. Even
now they make many large and convenient vessels of bark, which
nay be seen in their New York homes.

In his paper on Ancient pottery of the Mississippi nies Mr W. H.
Hoimes easily distinguished three great groups in the region ©
lying around that river, with earthenware differing in form and
ornaments. In speaking of these groups he said, ‘ The ware of the
north is ees distinct, and need never be confounded with the
other groups,’ In that valley he placed this group from lowa
inclusive, northward. He said also, and our experience confirms
this, that the pottery of Manitoba ‘has decided relationships with
the ware of the eastern and northeastern states.’ The nations in
this northern group made a dark paste, tempered with sand, often
eranitic, and the forms were simple, the ornaments being unlike
those of the south. This ornamentation ‘consists of cord impres-
sions, incised lines, and implement indentations, arranged in figures
peculiar to the district.’ This is so marked as to suggest a com-
munity of origin. In the paper mentioned, a vessel from Wiscon-
sin is like frequent forms in New York. Pottery found in Penn-
sylvania and New Jersey has similar forms and ornaments of the
simpler kinds, and this is true of a few examples farther south.
Even the Pueblos afford fragments with the incised lines and pat-
terns found here, but these are not the prevailing style.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES TM)

The fineness of the work may depend much on the material, and
this varies greatly. That of the southwest is usually finer than in
New York, but in many cases here this was selected with care. Mr
S. L. Frey, writing in 1885 of an early Mohawk fort in Fulton
county, said, ‘The pits from which the clay was taken are at the
foot-of the hill on which the village stood; they are abundant all
along a little stream that trickles over the huge boulders and logs,
and through a tangle of ferns and wild growths of all kinds. ‘The
holes were sunk through the upper soil to a bed of stiff, tenacious
clay, which overlies the Utica slate at that point.’ We recall no
other place where such pits have been observed, but very fine clay
was used for many vessels and pipes, some of which have a surface
which seems almost polished. The material itself was carefully
prepared.

In both pipes and vessels may be found frequent means of iden-
tifying or connecting one place or age with another, and we give
a simple illustration. Figures of some New York pipes were sent
to Mr Francis Parkman in 1884, on account of his mere descrip-
tion of the Huron pipes of Canada. In reply he said, ‘Two or three
of these have almost exact counterparts in the pipes of Hochelaga,
preserved in the museum of McGill college at Montreal. Some I
very carelessly mentioned as stemless, because they had a short
stem of their own, and did not need a long wooden one.’

In this case the-pipes simply confirmed history, the Hurons, the
Hochelagans and the New York Iroquois all belonging to the same
family. Ifa village had been isolated or unknown to history, the
evidence of the pipes would have been important. ‘That of pottery
has proved even more valuable in New York, clearly establishing
the connection and relative age of some sites.

Much has been written on the making and ornamentation of
aboriginal American pottery in all parts of the land, but we are now
concerned only with our local ware. The ruder forms were prob-
ably molded by the hands alone, aided by simple implements, and
some of the finer examples were made in the same way. Others
seem to have been formed on some kind of foundation, in part at
least, and a prevalent idea has been that many were formed within

78 NEW YORK STATH MUSEUM

baskets, which disappeared in the burning. This was mistaking
the theory. Prof. Wyman, in speaking of the cord-marked pottery
of Tennessee, said, ‘ It seems incredible that even an Indian would
be so prodigal of time and labor as to make the necessary quantity
of well-twisted thread, and weave it into shape for the mere purpose
of serving as a mold, which must be destroyed in making a single
copy. To this Mr Holmes replied that the nets were removed
before burning or drying; adding that in the case of the great salt
vessels of the Saline river, Ill., the fabrics were applied after the ves-
sels were formed. ‘That these were salt kettles is assumed by many,
but it remains true that the early historic nations of the northern
United States and of Canada used no salt at all. Cords were em-
ployed in decorating early earthenware in Great Britain, and the
process has been clearly proved in the United States, though less
general than has been claimed.

Some stamps were certainly used in adorning much northern
pottery, as the impression is very uniform. Corn on the cob has
been suggested as one means, and probably other seeds were em-
ployed in a few cases. Patterns may have been stitched on birch
bark and applied to the surface. Sharp and round pointed tools
had their use, either simply cutting or else excavating the soft clay.
Besides the grooves or cuts there are usually slightly raised lines
caused by pressure, but these do not always appear. Hollow bone
was useful, and many a bold rim was pinched between the thumb
and finger, or incised by the long and sharp nails of the Iroquois,
which they kept in this condition with a double purpose, that
of mangling their captives when tortured, and to show that they did
not labor themselves. Rarely did they have an industrial use.

One primitive process in forming earthen vessels was building
up, often with a long coil of clay, afterwards smoothed, polished
and decorated when desired. Large crucibles are still made in this
way in some modern manufactories. The coiled and simply decor-
ated ware of the Zunis is well known, and there are rare suggestions
of this here. In decoration animal forms are mostly confined to
pipes in New York, but the human face and form often appear on
earthen Iroquois vessels, early in the 17th century and late in the

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 79

16th. It was in vogue for nearly 50 years, and might have led to
something higher had it not been displaced by the white man’s
wares.

Early writers are not agreed on some points. Roger Williams,
one of our earliest and best authorities on New England aboriginal
life, said that ‘the women made all the earthen vessels.’ Daniel
Gookin wrote, in 1674, of the fragile clay vessels there, saying that
‘the clay and the earth they were made of were very scarce and
dear. The dishes, pots and spoons are the manufacture of the
men.’ This showed careful selection of material, whether the men
were really the artisans or not. Hutchinson said that the Narra-
gansetts. ‘furnished the earthen vessels and pots for cookery and
other domestic uses.’ Such wares were often articles of commerce,
when they gained a reputation.

The Iroquois did not make stone pipes when first known, unless
rarely, the clay pipe being then in use throughout the various
nations of that large family, but for official purposes stone calumets
appear quite early. Megapolensis said, about 1650, that each of
the Mohawks had ‘a long tobacco pipe, made by himself, in his
mouth.’ Capt. George Weymouth, who visited Long Island in
1605, said “ The heads of their tobacco pipes were sometimes made
of clay, and sometimes were only the claw of a lobster; but they
were all sufficient to hold as much as Io or 12 of ours.’ Henry
Hudson observed among the River Indians, however, ‘ copper
tobacco pipes and pots of earth to cook their meat in.’ He men-
‘tioned also copper ornaments and pipes in New Jersey, perhaps
mistaking the bronze red hue of the clay for the metal.

There are occasional ornaments and other articles of burned clay,
but these are rare. Quite rarely, too, inclosures of clay appear in
sepulture. An example of this was found on the east side of Can-
andaigua lake in July 1893, and in a sandy soil. Three skeletons
were found near together, one of which was large and had the
limbs drawn up in the usual way. Excepting the ribs the bones
were sound. Mr E. J. Durant writes, ‘ They were lying in a stratum
of hard burned clay; so hard that it came up in chunks when
broken. Plenty of charcoal was in this stratum. Near the skele-

80 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

tons a fireplace was found. This was a hollow in the ground, lined
with burned clay, and filled with charcoal.’ Another observer
described the fireplace as circular and like a deep bowl, 3 feet
across. The baked clay was 4 inches thick, and the charcoal about
the same. This rare instance of one use of clay here hardly forms
a part of our subject now, but is worthy of note. In the west it is
more frequent.

Refuse heaps, by village sites, usually contain a great deal of
broken earthenware, out of which fine or curious fragments are
often taken, and these occur also. in the ash beds of the old fire-
places. This is so on some quite recent sites, for while the richer
Iroquois obtained brass kettles quickly from the whites, their poorer
friends continued the primitive art till the beginning of the 18th cen-
tury at least. In some places rude pottery is found at a consider-
able depth, from different causes. In fireplaces this may come from
the practice of placing the fire in excavations in the ground. On
village sites, also, the same difference will be observed in material,
style and finish, as in other articles. Taste, skill and the ability to
buy, did not belong to all. The fact that the distinctions of rich
and poor are found in savage life is never to be overlooked in the
study of aboriginal articles, if we would avoid serious mistakes.

The difference in the forms of eastern pottery when compared
with those of the south, has been mentioned. The long-necked ves-
sels of the middle Mississippi valley are never seen in the northern
states, nor are depressed vessels often found in eastern earthenware, —
although frequent in soapstone. Usually the base is rounded, and
the swelling sides are constricted below the top, thus giving an
expanded rim of various forms. Sometimes the margin is horizon-
tal, but is more commonly angular, with two or more elevations.
In section the rim may be angular, circular or elliptic, and is
often perfectly straight, or very nearly so, in portions of the cir-
cumference. The rim may be simple and narrow, or deep and
broadly projecting. It is usually much ornamented outside, often
on the top as well, but more rarely within. Ina few cases, however,
the interior ornamentation is elaborate and deep. As a rule there
is little detail below the expanded top.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 81

The inside is commonly black, and the outside of the proper hue
of baked clay, varying much according to the material. Means of
suspension rarely appear, but a cross piece of wood within, attached
to a cord, may have afforded these. Except in cooking an outside
cord would have sufficed, but there are no signs of wear from this.

How much and how they were used in cooking may be a question.
| They could have been placed on a fire of coals rather than over it,
but show few external signs of such use, the outer surface being
usually clean and bright. The blackened interior suggests the
placing of hot stones in the water, so common a device among our
northern aborigines. Many. were probably used merely for hold-
ing water, or sometimes grain. Some large vessels were quite thin,
and few were adapted for hard usage. There are some which are
very small, apparently made on the thumb, and there are occasional
examples of toy vessels, about an inch in diameter and neatly
finished. ‘These are the shallowest forms of all, and having at
times a raised and perforated ear may have been an imitation of the
brass kettle. Some of these, however, are from a Mohawk site
which seems to have been occupied as early as the end of the 16th
century. Very small vessels occur on another site of the same
period. In the Toronto collection is a small vessel made on the
thumb, and retaining an impression of the thumb nail. This is
rude, and the best examples of these small forms are those of the
Mohawks.

True Iroquois vessels, with the usual constriction below the
deep expanded and ornamented rim,appear in some Canadian earth-
works a few miles northwest of Prescott. Figures of these were
given in the Smithsonian report for 1856, and they are from 4 to 82
inches in inside diameter. Clay disks also occur there, about the
size of a quarter of a dollar. These are also found on Iroquois
sites in New York, but of a larger size. Perforated specimens come
from Huron sites in Canada, and similar disks have often’ been
found at Hochelaga or Montreal. They are usually of secondary
use, chipped out of earthenware fragments.

The earthen vessels found on the site of Hochelaga at Montreal,
in 1861, held from 1 quart to 4 gallons. Sir J. W. Dawson

82 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

thought they were ornamented with ‘a pointed instrument, with
rings made with a stamp, and with impressions of the finger point
and nail around the edge.’ He points to the practice of pastry
cooks for modern examples, and adds that ‘ Fragments of pottery
from a long barrow near West Kennet, in Wiltshire, figured by
Lubbock, are remarkably near to a common Hochelagan pattern,
and finger prints as an ornament occur on vessels from the pile
villages of the Lake of Zurich.’ A raised pattern is occasional in
Canada and New York, and of this he says, “One evidently repre-
sents the rows of grain in the ear of Indian corn, and may be called
the corn ear pattern.’ A second class he called ‘ the basket and bead
pattern,’ which he thought imitated woven baskets ornamented with
beads. In this he distinguished the.“ chevron and saltier patterns.’
A rude basket pattern appears in some rude early British pottery.
To these he added a third pattern of network, found on the round
bottoms of some large vessels. This sometimes appears on the
sides of New York pottery, and may come from matting. 1
In a letter to the writer regarding the human faces on the outside
of some New York pottery, he said that nothing of the kind
appeared on Hochelagan vessels, ‘ unless three rings, two above and
cne below, may be taken to represent eyes and a mouth. Perfor-
ated clay disks are common. The pipes and vessels which he
figured in Fossil men are like those of New York, and detached heads
occur here sparingly, as well as the three rings.’ |
A few years since Dr D. S. Kellogg, of Plattsburg, had obtaine
parts of rims of over 800 different vessels along the west shore of
Lake Champlain. These rims were circular or elliptic, and
often indented or scalloped along the edge. These vessels were
often ornamented from the top nearly to the bottom, and some-
times on the inner surface. The bottoms were plain and never flat,
and they varied in capacity from 3 to 8 quarts. None had any
representations of animals, or of the human face or figure. In his
History of St Lawrence county, Mr Hough said that on some frag-
ments of pottery a rude resemblance to a human face is seen. He
may have referred to the three rings or indentations found else-
where near the St Lawrence river. An example of this comes from
Springfield, Ohio, closely resembling New York pottery.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 83

Soapstone is common in the New England states, and Mr John
J. Alton said, in writing of its ancient inhabitants, ‘I have never
seen a fragment of baked clay pottery made by these Indians.’ This
is merely negative testimony, for it is found there in some places,
and early writers mention its use and manufacture. In Gosnold’s
_ voyages it is said of the Indians of Marthas Vineyard, that ‘the
necks of their pipes are made of clay hard dried, (whereof in the
island is great store, both red and white) the other part is a piece
of hollow copper, very finely closed and cemented together.’ The
references to pipes with copper bowls are certainly curious, and
there can be no doubt of the occasional use of copper in other ways.

The pottery in some parts of Ohio closely resembles that of New
York, and this remark also applies to some earthworks as well. The
natural conclusion, confirmed by early maps, is that the Iroquois
family held all the country on the south shore of Lake Erie 300
years ago. It is every way probable that nearly all of Ohio was
then in the possession of the Eries and their kindred. The inland
homes of the former are mentioned in the Relation of 1648. ‘This
lake, named Erie, was iormerly inhabited on its southern shores by
certain peoples whom we call the nation of the Cat; who have been
obliged to withdraw into the lands in order to get away from their
enemies, who are more towards the west. These people of the Cat
have a number of fixed villages, for they cultivate the ground, and
are of the same language as our Hurons.’

Some of the usual types of clay vessels ornamented like those of
the Iroquois, have been found in New York city, near the Harlem
river, by Messrs Chenoweth, Calver and others. Some of these are
quite large. The largest vessel found in 1890 was 2 feet high and
18 inches in diameter, while others were nearly as large. On the
other hand, some fragments were very coarse in every way, and
had local peculiarities.

Mr W. W. Tooker, of Sag Harbor, said of the earthenware of
Long Island, ‘Tt is found wherever we find traces of the Indian’s
footsteps. Much of it is ornamented by cords, incised lines, by the
impression of the thumb, by the finger nail, and in other ways.’ He
restored one large vessel out of 184 pieces, and found two smaller

84 . NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

ones in a grave. These showed basket work. While clay pipes
were rare on Long Island, the stems were often found.

West of the Hudson river fragmentary pottery occurs on most
important sites. In his Reminiscences of Saratoga, 1880, Mr W. L.
Stone spoke of the remains of an old Indian pottery kiln, ‘ within
the cavities of which are yet found sun dried and fire baked vases,
covered with quaint ornamentation.’ This was on the south side —
of Fish creek, but may have been one of the refuse heaps often
mistaken for kilns. Pottery is frequent there.

Dr C. C. Abbott found similar pottery plentiful in many parts of
New Jersey, and it seems of general distribution through the north-
ern states and much of Canada.

A fragment of a jar with an open projecting ear or handle has
come to our attention in Canada, and one from the country of the
Neutrals has an upward projection on one side of the flat rim, prob-
ably meant for a handle. Vessels with raised and corrugated bars
occur there also, identical with New York specimens of the early
part of the 17th century. This is Dawson’s corn ear pattern. The
flaring angle at one end, suggestive of a pitcher, appears on a well
ornamented Canadian vessel, 42 inches across, and has its counter-
part in New York. So many Hurons were adopted by the Iroquois —
that these national or local forms in vessels and pipes would be
_ expected here at the period of the Huron downfall, even as we find
them. Simply as members of one great family there would be strong
resemblances.

Thus there is in the Toronto collection a peculiar Huron pipe,
with characteristic human head and arms, which is frequent in New
York only on Seneca sites, where an entire town was formed of
Huron captives. Those with entwining serpents and with a snake-
head bowl, are common to both regions. The spiral stem found
among the Senecas was occasional among the Hurons, and corded
bowls and bird pipes belong to Huron and Iroquois alike. The
bold and remarkable pipes of Jefferson county, with a large human
face before and behind the bowl, are also found in Canada. Owl
pipes were made by the Petuns and by the Oneidas, and the long
stems, with lines and elliptic indentations were everywhere popular.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 85

In another material, a stone pipe from Lake Moira, Canada, closely
resembles a slender and peculiar clay pipe from Brewerton, N. Y.,
the very slender stem projecting at but a slight angle from the
bowl.

A long bowled pipe, with a thin flaring edge, and horizontal
groove in front, has been found in Vermont, and is a frequent New
York form. Clay pipes are rare east of Lake Champlain, but some
would be expected there, as it was an early Iroquois hunting
ground, and their war parties frequently traversed the lake, but
usually on the western side. In fact wherever they went the early
Iroquois carried some articles of clay. They possibly gained some-
thing from captives, but their distinctive achievement at about the
end of the 16th century, and during a score or more of years after-
_ wards, was the decoration of the angles of vessels with human faces
or figures. About the same time the Onondagas added to these a
few curious and unique pipes.

For many years we have made a careful record and comparison
of even the ornamented fragments of pottery, placing side by side
those from different sites. While there may be a general agree-
ment there will often be suggestive differences, sufficient to show a
difference in the people or age. At the same time there may appear
a close correspondence in certain unusual ornaments, revealing a
close relationship in places far apart. We look for these resem-
blances and differences in more striking articles or features, but
the simple lines, dots and indentations of New, York pottery may
help us much.

While giving a sufficient number of typical forms of vessels, neces-
sarily much reduced, much attention will be paid to mere ornament
in this paper. Representative specimens have been selected from
. thousands of examples, unique or common, which will give a fair
idea of this feature of aboriginal art. Within the proposed limits
it can only be representative, but it may lead many to a study which
has been too much neglected, and bring about valuable results. In
preliminary work of this kind it will happen that some features of
interest will not appear, either because unknown or inaccessible.
The reader who observes the omission will then understand just

86 NEW YORK STATH MUSEUM

what he should report to make our knowledge more complete.
Perfect examples of New York aboriginal pottery are specially
desired for the state museum, but fragments showing unusual styles
of ornament will also be of value and interest. It should always
be stated where they were found. In fact articles without a record
are shorn of half their value, and become mere curios in many
cases. With a good record a simple relic may solve some riddle
of history, or bring out truths unsuspected before. This should
never be forgotten.

In the general treatment of this subject a word may be said on
the antiquity of earthenware in New York. The most careful com-
parative work has been done between the Hudson river and Lake
Erie, and little pottery ‘has been found there to which an age of
much over 500 years can be safely ascribed, unless it may be on
small hunting camps. The noted double walled fort in Shelby, to
which a great antiquity has been given, probably falls far within that
limit. With the exception of a pair of Ohio shells, not an article
has been found upon it which can not be duplicated on historic
Iroquois sites of early days, and this is notably true in earthenware.
Many of the earthworks of Jefferson county may be allowed an age
of five centuries, though probably more recent, and all are pre-
historic in a sense, but some certainly show a knowledge of the
white man’s arts.

In Chautauqua and Cattaraugus counties the case may prove dif-
ferent. These formed a border land, and while earthenware is
abundant there, little has been definitely described. Towards Lake
Erie the earthworks were quite recent, and those farther inland are
of the ordinary Iroquois type. In these two counties are upwards
of. 50 defensive works, and the region seems an early center of
Iroquois life. A careful study of its pottery might show how closely
related this was to other places and later days.

It must be remembered that nations of the Iroquois family occu-
pied northwestern Pennsylvania 300 years ago, as well as the banks
of the Susquehanna and partially those of the Delaware. The
Andastes of the French, who were the Minquas of the Dutch, were
of this powerful family, and waged a fierce warfare against the

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 87

Five Nations of New York. The Massawomekes of Capt. John
Smith, so dreaded on Chesapeake bay, were probably a southern
offshoot of the Eries, so that along the principal rivers of Penn-
sylvania, somewhat remote from the sea, we may expect to find pot-
tery closely resembling that of this state. In river valleys, how-
ever, subject to inundation, any flood may expose or bury still
deeper objects.of this kind. Their age can not safely be predicated
from their depth in the soil. The fairest chronological evidence
will come from village sites, and these give no great age to earthen-
ware in New York, while that age is an open question still.

The question of age and probable population is affected by an-
other circumstance. Early Iroquois villages were removed every
IO or 15 years, and a liberal allowance of time would give six or
more removals ina century. A dozen sites, and often many more,
would thus be required in 200 years for a single village. The
Mohawks had from three to four or more towns at a time, and the
Senecas never less than four. The latter would thus occupy and
abandon nearly or quite 50 places in two centuries. It is thus
obvious that for any long period of continuous occupation we must
reduce the population to a very small number. On the other hand,
if we allow a moderate strength to any people we reduce the time
of occupation. When this fact is understood, and the true relation-
ship of the site known, we arrive at a safe basis for estimating the
length of time in which much of New York was really occupied
as a home by the aborigines. Without discussing the subject far-
ther, attention is called to these facts, for they greatly affect a clear
conception of prehistoric times,-and their relations to later days.
Chronologically most of the articles here described belong to the
17th century, and the larger part of the rest apparently to the 16th.

Most of the first class of illustrations here given are of fragments
of vessels, selected out of a large number to show patterns used in
ornamenting. All these are of actual size, and being fragmentary
there is no need of giving dimensions. Fig. 1 is a rim from Jef-
ferson county, where the style of ornament is often hoth bold and
rich. The vessel must have been quite handsome, as the ornamen-
tation was continued down the sides, below the projecting rim,

88 ‘ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

which is decorated above and within. The curve of the rim and side
is very bold, sweeping suddenly outward from the narrow top and
almost as abruptly contracting again, to expand once more. A few
others have curves almost as well rounded as this, but usually in
thinner vessels. On the upper projection are horizontal lines and
those sloping both ways. Below is a row of elliptic indentations,
and a series of curved and sloping lines. It is remarkable for its
wide and almost marginal projection, though a smaller expansion
is not rare.

Another rim from Jefferson county has elliptic indentations
arranged in curved lines. Fig. 2 has a series of short curved
grooves arranged in horizontal lines, and the outer edge of the rim
has notches. This comes from an early stockade on the north
bank of the Seneca river, where fragmentary pottery is abundant.
Fig. 3 has horizontal grooves in which are regular indentations.
The grooves are quite broad. Below these are somewhat similar
grooves, shorter, sloping in opposite directions, and almost meet-
ing at angles. This frequent pattern is from the Seneca river. A
rim ornamented on top has similar broad sloping grooves, and
below these are several interrupted grooves which are nearly hori-
zontal. From the same site as the last. :

Fig. 4 is a very handsome fragment, which has a curious double
curve, suggesting a singular form of vessel. It is moderately thick.
There are indented grooves, both horizontal and sloping, and a
horizontal line of large circular indentations. The work is quite
elaborate and very neatly done; this was found with the last two.
Another with these has a straight rim, showing but a little curve to
that part of the vessel. This is a frequent feature, so that it must
have been somewhat angular. Outside there is a slight projection,
less than an inch below the top, sloping back above, so that there
is but a slight thickness at the actual rim. There are waved lines
below the projection, which are quite shallow and irregular. This
simple rim is not common.

Fig. 5. A very plain rim without projection, from the same place.
There are very irregular grooves, following no apparent pattern.
Itiis somewhat remarkable in this way. Fig. 6 has deeply incised

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 89

horizontal grooves, expanding and contracting, and thus showing a
double undulation. This is from the same place. Fig. 7 comes from
the same site. There is a plain rim with graceful undulations on
top. The horizontal grooves have indentations, and there are cross
grooves between these and of the same kind. This fragment sug-
gests an elaborately decorated vessel. Fig. 8 is quite like the last,
and from the same place. The undulations above, however, have
each three narrow grooves, parallel with the rim,and all the indented
grooves slope and cross each other, forming a network of
diamonds. It is much thicker than the last.

Fig. 9 is a rare ornamental fragment from the same prolific site
on the south bank of the Seneca river. ‘The horizontal groove is
broad, deep and obscurely interrupted. Below this are broad slop-
ing grooves, distinctly divided by very sharp and narrow walls.
The indentations are deepest and walls sharpest on one side, the
divisions rounding and sloping on the other. This may not have
been invariable throughout. There are forms approaching this. It
is interesting to observe how many styles may be found on one
spot.

Fig. 10 is from a fort north of the Seneca river. It is a rim
placed at an angle in the plate, the long and straight side being the
top. All the indented lines thus actually slope. Part of the divisions
in the grooves are angular, and part are slightly rounded. Both
these styles of indented grooves are frequent, but not in combina-
tion. Fig. 11 is a simple zig-zag pattern of small and shallow
circular indentations, from the mouth of Dead creek, on the south
shore of Seneca river. These small dots often appear, but rarely
thus arranged.

Fig. 12 is a fine and rare rim from Baldwinsville. It has cross
grooves above, sloping first in one direction and then in the other
below. These are short. Other short diagonal grooves are below
these. The fragment is ornamented within. Other fragments of
the same vessel are quite different in design, having many elliptic
indentations and waving lines. It is not safe to say how a vessel
is ornamented throughout from seeing one fragment.

{

go NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Pig. 13 is from a circular stockade two miles south of the Seneca
river. It is a notched and projecting rim, with two narrow parallel
grooves above. The projection is rather thin, and below this, all
is plain. Fig. 14 is a rim from a stockade on the north side of
Seneca river. The rim is simple, and is angularly undulated on top.
Below are grooves, both horizontal and sloping. In a plain space
inclosed by these, are several long triangular indentations. A
basal groove indicates a slight projection.

Fig. 15 is a,fine rim from Jefferson county. There are deep slop-
ing notches at the edge, above three broad horizontal grooves.
Below these are curved and sloping grooves on one side. On the
other are two large indentations above, and several triangular ones
below. Then come two horizontal grooves, and a line of deep
diamond indentations on the base of the projection. Below this it
seems to have been perfectly plain.

Fig. 16 is a handsome rim from Onondaga lake, curving grace-
fully to the lower part. There are both diagonal and horizontal
lines, angularly indented and quite closely arranged. The rim has
lines on top, and the whole piece is thin and much curved. Fig. 17
is perfectly straight-sided within. Outside there is.a slight projec-
tion of the upper part. On the upper part of the fragment, which
does not include the rim, though it may nearly have reached it, are
shallow and vertical grooves. The indentations at the edge of the
projection were formed by pinching the clay between the thumb
and finger. This style of ornamenting will frequently be found.
The fragment is from a stockade two miles south of the Seneca
river. The vessel must have been large or angular, although not
thick. :

Fig. 18 is a fragment from a stockade on the north bank of the
Seneca river. The decoration remaining is a row of large and deep
triangles which are not equilateral. All become deeper from the
long side to the broad angle. They were made by the inclined
pressure of some broad and straight edged implement. Fig. 19,
from the Seneca river, is a very fine rim, the upper part of which has
a broad and even slope. This has rows of diamond indentations,
narrowly divided in the rows. Below the projection are two hori-

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES OI

zontal rows of diamond indentations, narrowly divided as before.
Simple horizontal grooves appear below these.

Fig. 20 has horizontal and vertical lines of oblong angular inden-
tations. The divisions in the lines are narrow, and it comes from
the Seneca river. Fig. 21 is a fragment from an early hamlet on
another part of Seneca river, and is unique in arrangement and
character. Above the usual projection are four short and curved
parallel grooves, repeated in a horizontal series. Each series of four
is about an inch long, and there are less distinct curved lines below.

Fig. 22 is another fine rim from Fabius, in Onondaga county.
The surface is quite flat from the upper edge to the customary pro-
jection below, where the deep notches are intersected by the slightly
sloping grooves. Below the top are regular diagonal grooves,
very neat in detail and about an inch long. Both horizontal and
sloping lines appear below these, and in a long open space between
them is a row of indented rings, probably made with a hollow bone
tool. The general character of the fragment is that of much pottery
in Jefferson county, whence many of the early Onondagas may have
come. The rings are large and neatly made. Bone implements,
suitable for such work, are found on neighboring sites.

Fig. 23 is from Jefferson county. In the fragment there are
three horizontal grooves above, with narrow rectangular divisions.
There may have been more than these. Below are three similar
grooves on each side, the groups sloping in opposite directions.
The divisions in these grooves are more rounded than in those
above, and resemble a form of what is sometimes called a corn
pattern. In the angular spaces inclosed are lines of moderately
large circular indentations. All these ornaments are quite wide-
spread. Very little Jefferson county pottery is accurately located,
although this is often a matter of importance.

Fig. 24 is a fragment of fine material and neat workmanship, from
Onondaga lake, where pottery is quite rare on nearly all sites, show-
ing that it had little Iroquois occupation in early days. The pattern
is of small indented circles or dots, arranged in lines, of which some
are parallel and others meet at acute angles. Fig. 25 is a neat and
thin rim, very slightly thickened at the top. Beneath this slight

Q2 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

expansion is a row of small sloping and elliptic indentations, with
nearly horizontal grooves beneath, irregularly arranged. These
grooves are not continuous, ending abruptly or tapering to a top,
and they have angular divisions. The rim is from the same place
as the last. Fig. 26 has a curious and unusual pattern, formed by
small triangular indentations:arranged in curved lines. The long
side of each of these is convex, and the others concave. The inden-
tations cause the intermediate lines to seem raised. This is from
the Seneca river.

Fig. 27 is a large and finely ornamented fragment from Oneida
lake, evidently part of a very large vessel. The pattern is arranged
i: broad converging bands, and is such as might be used in bead-
work on the front of a moccasin. Each broad band is edged with
lines of circular indentations, and similar diagonal lines appear
across from side to side. The intermediate plain spaces are nearly
as wide as these decorations. Fig. 28 is a rim of very common
design. There is no great expansion above, but half circular
notches appear in the edge, and lower down are both horizontal and
diagonal grooves. Rims are often thus notched, but in very many
ways, sometimes merely with a knife or the finger nail. This piece
is from an Onondaga village occupied about 1670. It may be
said that while the richer Indians soon afforded brass kettles, poorer
families long continued to make the old earthenware.

Fig. 29 introduces us to a class of ornament quite prevalent from
about 1590, or possibly a little earlier, to about 1630, when it com-
pletely disappeared. It was the highest achievement of the Iro-
quois in decorated ware, nor was it found among all of them, the
three Elder Brothers, the Mohawks, Onondagas and Senecas alone
using it as far as yet known. None has been reported from the
Oneida and Cayuga territory, and but little from the Seneca. Its
comparative abundance among the Mohawks and Onondagas lends
strength to the traditional early intimate relations between these
two nations, through Hiawatha and Dekanawida, both reputedly
Onondagas by birth, and Mohawks by adoption. In this ornamen-
tation the face or form was molded separately, and then luted on
before burning. In consequence the faces are often found de-

EARTHENWARD OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 93

tached, or the impressions of the limbs remain when these are gone.
The Onondagas reached a higher development in this art than the
Mohawks, and many faces have such an individual character, as
regards age and expression, that they seem portraits. Two of
those grouped here have this individuality. They were often, but
not always, placed at an elevated angle of the rim. This is the case
in this figure, where a grotesque face appears just below the
notched angle. There is a suggestion here of a curved neck, pos-
sibly united to a body, but the face may have appeared aloe: ihe
fragment is from a stockade in southern Onondaga, occupied per-
haps about 1620.

Fig. 30 is another fine face from the same site, a little south of
Delphi. It is surrounded with diagonal grooves on the surface of
the vessel, and has marked individuality. Fig. 31 is another face
of characteristic Indian type, appearing on a plain surface. It is
from a stockade west of Cazenovia, occupied by the Onondagas
about 1600. These large faces are frequent there, and on neigh-
boring sites.

Fig. 32 is a fine rim of unusual character from the site south of
Delphi. There are three neat horizontal grooves above the usual
projection, which is formed by deep and graceful curves, edged on
the concave part with large elliptic indentations. The design is
bold and well carried out. Fig. 33 is from a stockade near Bald-
winsville. The figure is simple, pretty and unusual. A row of
small circular indentations has rows of elliptic and pointed vertical
indentations above and below. Fig. 34 is a rim from a stockade
on the south side of Seneca river. The expanded top is deeply
notched on both sides, and is somewhat undulated above. Fig. 35
comes from a stockade opposite the last, and north of the river.
It is a plain &m, coming to a point above, ornamented just below
the top with a row of narrow and diagonal ellipses, beneath which
“are narrow, irregular and interrupted grooves.

Fig. 36 is part of a rim found east of Wagner’s hollow, Mont-
gomery county. The narrow top is undulating, and the sharp
grooves are crossed by a horizontal groove near the top. The
-angular ends of the grooves are sharply defined. The fragment

04 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

is larger than here represented, and the deep notches at the basal
projection are here omitted. This elevated site has some remark-
able earthenware, mixed with European articles. Fig. 37 is a neat
rim from a stockade west of Baldwinsville. A row of elliptic in-
dentations is arranged diagonally above, where the rim curves over
to the inner line of the vessel. Below this the deep grooves are
separated by ridges crossed by spiral lines.

Fig. 38 is a fine and rare piece from Brewerton, angular above,
and with diagonal zig-zag grooves on the narrow projection above.
Below these and under the projection are broad diagonal grooves,
broken by cross indentations. Similar narrow grooves appear
below, and a handsome decoration is suggested below all. The
same style of ornament is seen within. Fig. 39 merely shows the
rim of a large fragment, the top of which has convex vertical pro-
jections above the side of the vessel. The side is adorned with the
common grooves. This is from the recent site east of Wagner’s
hollow, Montgomery county. Fig. 40 is a thin and very curious
notched rim from the same place. The general surface is plain,
but at the rim there are long curved or elliptic indentations, inter-
spersed with shorter ones. It is both simple and rude, as well as
quite modern. |

Fig. 41 is from the same place, and is the most remarkable
human figure yet found on an earthenware vessel. One feature
is that most of it was molded with the vessel instead of separately,
but this does not apply to all parts. There are the usual cross bars
on the body, but none appear on the limbs, which is a departure
from the type, as in a later Seneca example. It is also the only one
yet found which is not symmetrical in arrangement, one hand being
raised in this, and the other turned down. ‘The toes are very long.
In this and some other fragments, the grooves baak of the body
suggest plumes, and the maker may have taken a hint from the
winged angels and cherubs of the white man. There are other out-
side grooves variously arranged, with odd features at the basal pro-
jection. The face is inferior to those made separately, and there
is a great contrast in the two arms. In another from this site, the
face and body were molded with the vessel, the body having the

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 95

usual cross bars. There are no arms, and the legs are gone, but
seem to have been carried out from the base of the rim, leaving an
opening between them and the vessel. There are notches at the
end of the projection, and grooved lines above. The nose is raised,
and the eyes are small rings. Altogether it is an interesting frag-
ment.

Fig. 42 shows part of a rim from the double walled fort south-
east of Baldwinsville. Deep notches are cut in the edge of the
rim, which is ornamented above and within. Fig. 43 is a rim from
Rice’s woods, a few miles north of Palatine Bridge, which is remark-
able for the very great projection of the upper and ornamented part.
It is probable that the plain bowl gradually curved out beyond
this, as in other examples. A deep undulating groove runs from
top to bottom at the angle, which is raised. Notches appear along
the basal edge of the projection, with grooves above, and there is a
line of pyriform indentations below the rim. The inside is orna-
mented. Pottery as bold in design as this does not appear farther
west. |

Fig. AA is from the same spot, and thus far is unique. It isa
very prominent human head on the boldly projecting angle of an
_earthen vessel, which seems to have been much ornamented. The
cross bars on the retreating angle beneath are more ornamental than
usual, and the broad face, with its wide and open mouth, is more
suggestive of an ape than a man when seen full in front. Above
the head it is broken, but may not have risen much higher. This
was a recent village site where European articles are frequent. The
lateral grooves again suggest plumes, and this feature is hardly rare
in these relics of the Mohawks, who may have had it from the Dutch.

Fig. 45 is from the double walled fort near Baldwinsville. The
horizontal grooves had their edges neatly smoothed, while the hol-
low part is divided by small cross indentations. With this was a
fragment having a line of large elliptic indentations, above which
are diagonal rows of fine lines placed side by side.

Small vessels are sometimes found which were apparently toys.
Fig. 46 is a rude example from Brewerton, which is nearly oval,
yet somewhat angular. The depth is 13, and the diameter 1-3,

96 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

inches. It is unornamented, and resembles some found on Huron
sites in Canada. The Mohawks made neater ornamented articles
of this kind, but they are everywhere rare.

Fig. 47 brings us again to the early Onondagas, being from the
site of 1600, at the time when the Iroquois league was probably
formed, and while Hiawatha lived there. The rim rises to an angle
and near its edge are rows of elliptic indentations placed diagonally
above the nearly horizontal grooves which come just below. The
broad face is not as artistic as some, but is fairly good-natured, as
was proper in the days of Hiawatha the Peacemaker. Some of
these Onondaga faces are quite pleasant in expression. There are
diagonal grooves on each side of this massive countenance, and the
edge of the projection beneath has the notches which are so com-
mon a feature. Fig. 48 is another remarkable Mohawk rim from
the site east of Wagner's hollow, where the potters were persons
of ideas and skill. It has no great beauty, but the notches at the
base of the projection are unusually large and deep. The horizon-
tal irregular grooves cross the broad points left, as well as the plain
surface above. Another rim much resembles this, but is crossed
by diagonal lines on top. The side ornaments are horizontal and
sloping grooves with very deep and long notches. In this, how-
ever, the projecting points have diagonal grooves, spreading a little
as they descend. The fragment suggests the same maker, but hardly
the same vessel.

Fig. 49 is a simple but neat, curved and projecting rim from
the Onondaga site of 1600. These early sites will be occasionally
referred to by their probable dates, the archeologic connection being
such as to render these almost a matter of certainty, while the age
of any article may be of importance. This pretty rim has two
parallel lines on the top, and the edges are notched on both sides.
Below these it is perfectly plain. The top is thickened, but the sides
are thin and curving. Fig. 50 is a grotesque, good-natured face
adhering to a plain surface. It comes from the same site, and is
of the largest size, fairly representing one modern form of Onon-
daga countenance. Fig. 51 is a rim of thin black pottery from an
Onondaga fort on the line of Fabius and Pompey, several miles

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 97

southwest of the last, and occupied but little later. A very few
European articles are found there. At the elevated angle is a face,
below which is a straight body, reaching to the basal projection.
This is grooved across, as usual, and the remaining surface is fur-
rowed with rude diagonal and horizontal grooves. The notched
base of the ornamented portion projects beyond the general surface. °
_ Pottery from this site is blacker than is usual in Onondaga county,
and often thin.

Fig. 52 is from the site west of Cazenovia, and, as well as the next,
is from a photograph. They are probably about half the actual
length, but preserve their relative proportions to each other. The
face is very broad and characteristic, being much like that of some
Onondaga Indians now. It is immediately under the narrowly pro-
jecting and notched rim. The surface has a few diagonal lines, and
the basal projection is notched. Traces of ornamentation also
appear far down on the expanding side. Fig. 53 is from the same
site, and the face is an excellent representation of an old person,
toothless and withered. Above the face and below the notched
tim, are several.neat grooves. Many faces might be given from
this interesting site, the home of the Onondagas at the formation
of the Iroquois league.

Fig. 54 is a very curious human figure on a highly elevated and
projecting rim. It comes from the fort already mentioned, on the
line of Fabius, and is very thin. There is a row of indentations
just below the rim, and another at the base of the projection.
Irregular sloping lines appear between. The face, which reaches
the top, is grotesque. The slender body has angular arms, the
hands being clasped below the abdomen. Two legs follow the
retreating slope below the projection, and are irregularly barred.
The cross bars on the body and arms are neater. Similar specimens
of black clay often occur on this elevated site. It was a local fash-
ion, as in the case of the large faces already described.

Fig. 55 is a very small and rude vessel from Brewerton, very
shallow and but an inch across. Fig. 56 is a much neater and
smaller one from the Wagner’s hollow site, north of the Mohawk
in Montgomery county. This pretty little cup, or miniature kettle,

98 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

has raised and perforated ears, as though for suspension, and is
ornamented below. Such perforations are sometimes .found in
larger vessels, but the raised ears are lacking. These suggest the
white man’s kettle, and there are other Mohawk examples of these
tiny and peculiar vessels. This is but £ of an inch across.

Fig. 57 is a notable rim from an early hamlet on the Seneca
river. It is nearly straight, suggesting a very large vessel in every
way. There is a slight and rude projection at the top, with cleanly
cut diagonal grooves below this. The edges of the usual projection,
farther down, have deep and broad indentations, formed by pinch-
ing the clay between the finger and thumb. These are quite irreg-
ular, as would be expected, and this mode of ornamenting was early
used. Fig. 58 is a remarkably beautifully ornamented fragment
from Baldwinsville, very much and rather curiously curved. There
are broad bands of diagonal lines of small perforations. These
perforations are not all alike, but are carefully arranged. Narrower
bands of plain surface divide the ornamental portions. The color
is black and red.

Fig. 59 is a curved rim, sharply notched on the edge. Below
these notches are three horizontal grooves, which encompassed the
vessel. Beneath these are diagonal grooves. The lower projection
is formed of long and broad points, a little rounded at the ends and
an inch apart. Such points are rarely seen, as they extend half ‘an
inch below the lower curve of the vessel. This is from the same
site as fig. 57. If the curve was regular, the inside diameter of the
vessel would have been 14 inches.

Fig. 60 is a frequent style of ornament, sometimes called the
corn pattern, from the idea that the indentations were formed by
rolling an ear of corn over the vessel, where desired. It is from
the same place as the last. Fig. 61 is a neat rim from Jefferson
county. It has horizontal lines of elliptic indentations, and slop-
ing lines in a pretty waving pattern. Below these is a horizontal
line with angular indentations, and large elliptic grooves are on the
edge of the projection beneath. It is ornamented on top and
within. A ruder specimen from the same county, is quite straight,
with vertical lines of dots above an undulating groove. Below this,

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 99

on either side, are lines sloping toward the center, which is occu-
pied by four vertical lines, three of which are connected by cross
grooves, forming squares.

Fig. 62 shows the edge of a projection, where the hexagonal
indentations are both large and deep. There are diagonal lines in
opposite directions. Found at Baldwinsville, but rather common
in various sizes. Fig. 63 is a fragment of bright red pottery from
Seneca county. It is ornamented with hollow squares in curved
lines. ‘This is better than most there, it being usually quite coarse.

Fig. 64 is a very bold and angular projection from Jefferson
eaunty.,.. It has diagonal lines in opposite directions, with large
elliptic indentations at the base of the projection. Underneath this
the deep curve makes a sudden sweep outwards. Fig. 65 is a rim
with undulated edge, from Plattsburg. It has elaborate decora-
tions, mostly of lines of circular, elliptic and angular indentations.
Much pottery has been collected along the western shore of Lake
Champlain, on the sites of camps and small hamlets, by Dr Kellogg,
who has also restored many vessels. Fig. 66 is also from Platts-
burg, and has a series of diagonal grooves arranged in horizontal
groups. These grooves have each three indentations slightly
divided. |

Fig. 67 is a rim from Jefferson county, with grooves in various
directions. There are large elliptic indentations below the projec-
tion. The striking peculiarity, however, is the central square, two
angles of which are above and below. Within this are three elliptic
indentations, arranged as though for eyes and mouth. These are
more common in that county than elsewhere, and may be the pot-
tery found along the St Lawrence with a rude resemblance to a
human face, of which Mr Hough speaks. This came from Water-
town. Fig. .68 is another similar rim from Jefferson.county. It
has a row of elliptic indentations below the top, and another below
the projection. The grooves are much like the last, but in one
space are three large elliptic indentations, one above another. The
face, if it may be so called, is inclosed by five lines, and the indenta-
tion for the mouth is circular.

Too NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 69 is a curiously ornamented rim from Oswego Falls. It is
quite light in color, and has a double row of large indentations
on top. On the edge are vertical and curved notches or grooves.
Three lines of ellipses are below these, and then several rows of
somewhat arrow-shaped indentations, lapping one on another.

Fig. 70 is the larger part of a vessel from the Otstungo site, near
Fort Plain. The lower part is neatly rounded, and the ornamented
part now occupies about half the side. This is adorned with hori-
zontal, vertical, and diagenal grooves. This part very slightly pro-
jects outside of the rest. It probably was not much higher. Fig.
71 is from the same place. It is a much curved fragment, orna-
mented by the impressions of finger nails. Such specimens occa-
sionally appear elsewhere. Fig. 72 is from Oneida lake, and shows
a frequent ornament, unusually arranged. At the edge of the rim
are elliptic notches, and below are horizontal, vertical and diagonal
lines, with the small and deeper indentations in them which are
so common. ‘These are neatly arranged, but the fragment is some-
what peculiar in having these continued in another series below the
projection. |

Fig. 73 is a curious rim from the Seneca river, of a type appar-
ently more common in Canada than in New York. The peculiar
feature is the raised vertical bars, protruding from the side and
passing over the top. These have cross grooves, and come to a
point above the rim, making deep notches in it. There are irregular
vertical lines between these bars, which latter project 53; of an
inch above the general surface. The rim is thickened and orna--
mented within. The fragment is the projecting upper part of the
vessel, which was quite thin below this. The vertical lines pass
over the rim and within, making a scalloped edge.

Fig. 74 is from Brewerton, and has diagonal zig-zag grooves
above, giving it a rich appearance. Below are horizontal mold-
ings, with lines of diamond indentations. Fig. 75 is a neat, notched
rim from Onondaga lake, ornamented on top. The undulating
lines give it somewhat the appearance of Zuni ware. Fig. 76 is
a fragment from the same place. It has an eccentric pattern of
curved and irregular grooves, with some sharp angles, very difficult

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES IOI

to describe. It is unique. Fig. 77 shows part of a large fragment
from a fort on the north side of the Seneca river. The rim has
long and sloping grooves, with horizontal lines below. One of the
bars between these lower grooves has deep and regular indentations
on the lower side, a very unusual feature.

Fig. 78 shows part of a very fine rim from the Garoga creek fort
in Fulton county. It is notched and ornamented within. The
indentations on the outside, just below the top, are both ellipses
and diamonds. | Six horizontal grooves are beneath these, and still
lower are diagonal grooves extending into the deep notches which
mark the edge of the bold projection. The curve is so slight that
the vessel must have been large. A large and fine fragment from
the same place shows the impression of the detached human body,
and one of the very long arms remains. This site may not date far
from 1600, as a tubular brass bead was found there, and it is one of
the three oldest known Mohawk forts. Fig. 79 is part of a rim
‘from another of this early trio, the fort near Fort Plain. A small
_ part of this is given to show the vertical double curves which make
the upper part of the pattern, and which are sharply indented.
Below are diagonal grooves.

Fig. 80 is from a drawing furnished by Mr R. A. Grider, of Cana-
joharie. It represents a vessel from West Bloomfield, Ontario
county, now in the state museum. This, of course, is of Seneca
make, and the fact that there are faces at the angles, gives it unusual
interest, partly because such vessels are usually fragmentary, and
partly as showing that the Senecas also made these peculiar Iro-
quois vessels. It might be dated between 1600 and 1630. The rim
has raised angles, and it is described as half size. Another, from
the same district, has a human figure in full relief.

Fig. 81 is a fragment from a stockade on the north side of Seneca
river. The pattern is simply of circular indentations, closely ar-
ranged in lines which are mostly diagonal. Fig. 82 is a smail
fragment from Pierrepont manor, Jefferson county. There is a flat
projection from the surface above and below. On the upper part
of this, and below it, are lines of elliptic indentations. Part of the
projecting surface has narrow horizontal grooves finely divided.

102 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 83 is a fragment from the double walled fort near Baldwins-
ville. There is a horizontal line of moderate sized crescents, and
another of ellipses. Others like this occur, and the grooves, with
deeper, rounded indentations, are frequent.

Fig. 84 is a vessel found a mile west of Fort Plain. It is a well-
rounded vessel with a moderately projecting rim. There are two
moldings at the top, and below these a row of elliptic indentations.
The projection is neatly notched, and there are vertical grooves in
the plainer surface just below. It is 4% inches deep, and 54 in
diameter. Fig. 85 is a double cup from the hill east of Wagner’s
hollow. The base is uniform, but there are two constrictions
above, where the two cups open at an angle. This rare article is
ornamented with diagonal and vertical lines, and is 13 inches across.
Fig. 86 is also from the bluff near Wagner’s hollow. It has deep
diagonal grooves, crossed by those which are horizontal, thus form-
ing lines of angular projections. The usual basal projection is
deeply notched.

Fig. 87 is a rim from Oneida lake, decorated with horizontal and
sloping lines, and with the basal projection notched. Several large
rings, with smaller ones inside, are also arranged in a sloping line.
This feature is that of the Jefferson county pottery, not much far-
ther north, and it probably came thence. Fig. 88 is a fine rim from
the Otstungo site, near Fort Plain. It has notches within and on
top. From the top there is a broad slope outward to the prom-
inent projection, which is deeply notched at the edge. This broad
surface is divided into checker work by diagonal grooves, sloping
both ways at right angles. The work is neat.

Fig. 89 is from the fort west of Cazenovia, and is taken from a
photograph. The length was probably double that of the figure.
It is part of a very broad and short human body, laid on the orna-
mented vessel in the usual way. The lower limbs show little more
than the feet, and the whole figure may have been grotesque. Fig.
go is arim from Henderson Harbor, in Jefferson county. The edge
of the rim is finely and neatly notched, the remainder of the sur-
face being adorned with horizontal and diagonal lines of varying
width. The prominent feature is two lines of crescents, sloping
in opposite directions between the diagonal grooves.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 103

Fig. 91 is made from Mr R. A. Grider’s drawing of a Seneca
vessel, now in the state museum. It is of full size, and came from
West Bloomfield, Ontario county. The same projecting and deeply
notched rim appears sometimes farther east, as well as the triangular
indentations surrounding the vessel in a single row below. Curved
grooves, arranged diagonally, appear on the rim between the top
and the graceful notches below. Fig. 92 is a perfect vessel from
Cayuga county, of actual size. It has an undulating and expand-
ing simple rim, with two opposite elevations. There are elliptic
indentations below the edge, reaching all around, and the whole sur-
face is slightly furrowed from top to bottom. It is from Scipioville,
where many of the relics are at least as late as the latter part of the
17th century.

Fig. 93 is a fragment found near the head of Onondaga lake, at
a spot known as Kaneenda, and occasionally occupied about 1700,
as well as much earlier. Small human faces occur. there on ves-
sels, of the type found at the fort on lot 69, Pompey, a place of
national residence about the year 1630. This stronghold brought
the Onondagas nearer to this lake, and they partially made it a new
fishing place. The fragment represented has a small and peculiar
Ornament on an otherwise plain surface. ‘There is a line of very
small rings, with a curved line above each one, coming to an angle
behind, much like a representation of the human eye. No age can
be assigned to this.

Fig. 94 is a small but finely formed Mohawk vessel, found in a
Montgomery county grave, along with iron axes, beads and other
modern articles. It is oblong, and the lateral rim is deeply curved,
rising into a high and obtuse point at the ends. The rim is notched
above and on the sides. A broad groove sweeps along beneath
this vertical grooving on the sides of the rim, and grooved lines
curve outward to the bold projection beneath. At one end of this
projection is another which is vertical and ornamented, anil
strikingly suggestive of the prow of a ship. Below these pro-
jections the vessel is neatly rounded out, but with rather sudden
curves. The bottom is flatter than usual.

104 NEW, YORK STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 95 is a handsome rim from the early Onondaga fort west of
Cazenovia. Near the top a row of vertical points is crossed by a
narrow longitudinal groove. There are two horizontal grooves
below this, with diagonal grooves below them. Between these is
a row of curved lines, apparently finger marks. Most ordinary pat-
terns are found on this site. Fig. 96:is a very neat rim from a
stockade on the south side of the Seneca river. The top is nicely
rounded as well as notched. Two horizontal grooves are below
this, and still lower are parallel diagonal lines arranged in groups
with opposite slopes. The basal notches penetrate these.

Fig. 97 is a perfectly plain Seneca vessel from West Bloomfield.
There is not even an angular projection. Fig. 98 is a rim from the
fort west of Cazenovia, which is of unusual design. The surface
above the projection is divided by vertical grooves, and every alter-
nate space between these is divided into squares by transverse
grooves. Fig. 99 is a rim from the fort on the east bank of Garoga
creek, in Fulton county. The edge of the rim has a spiral fluting,
beneath which are horizontal and diagonal grooves. Fig. 100 is a
characteristic fragment from Henderson Harbor, showing the three
elliptic indentations so common in that region. The rim is slightly
notched across and ornamented within. Most of the outside orna-
mentation is of short dashes arranged in lines. |

Fig. 101 is a Mohawk rim with a human figure, which is nearly
full length, the usual projection terminating it at the knees. The
body and limbs have cross bars, and there is an elaborate array of
grooves in almost every direction. This is from the fort in Fulton
county, which seems one of the earliest occupied by the Mohawks
in New York. At the foot of the hill on which this stood, are the
clay pits used in making these vessels. Large fragments are fre-
quent there.

Fig. 102 is a Seneca vessel with a deep rim projecting abruptly
from the bowl. There are two elevated angles. The broad pro-
jection is ornamented with three encircling grooves, and a row of
elliptic indentations. This is from West Bloomfield, like several
others figured for this paper. Fig. 103 is a rim from the fort in
Fulton county, notched, and with narrow horizontal and diagonal

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 105

grooves. Below the uppermost of these is a row of fine dots. Fig.
104 is part of a rim found northeast of Canajoharie. The upper
part has a row of inscribed chevrons, with horizontal grooves below.
The full fragment has also diagonal lines. Fig. 105 is from another
Mohawk fort of the same period, that near Fort Plain. It is a
plain rim as far as elevation or expansion is concerned, and is orna-
mented with two lines of circular indentations, separated by a hori-
zontal groove. Fig. 106 is a mane rim of unusual character, found
with 104. The undulating upper edge is deeply notched, and below
this are three grooves. Then comes a wide and thin projection,
with deep and graceful notches, forming a closely sinuous line. Fig.
107 is a rim from the fort near Cazenovia. It has two lines on the
top and is notched within and without. Outside is a thin and rather
broad projection, with an undulating edge.

Fig. 108 is a rim found near Palatine Church, Montgomery
county. Itis adorned with various grooves, and has a human figure
which has lost its head. The customary projection cuts off the legs
at the thighs. The hands and fingers are well defined, and there
are the usual cross bars.

Pig. 109 is a rim from Rice’s woods, north of Palatine Bridge.
It is ornamented with a row of long and vertical ellipses, with
broader ones at the projection. Fig. 110 is an angular rim from
Jefferson county. The principal ornaments. are broad grooves,
whose cross divisions suggest the impress of a row of corn, but they
are uneven, and sometimes irregularly curved. The style is bold
rather than elegant. Fig. 111 is from the same county, as might be
inferred from the three rings in the usual position. On either
side of these are nearly vertical but curving grooves, and there are
notches on the edge of the projection. Fig. 112 is from Montgom-
ery county, north of Palatine Bridge, and has the chevron pattern
just below the rim, but this is indented in a different way from the
other example given. There are broad horizontal and diagonal
grooves, and the base is deeply notched.

Fig. 113 and the next three are Seneca vessels, all from West
Bloomfield, and much reduced. This one is broad, and the rather
narrow projecting rim has notched edges, and two parallel lines on

106 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

top. Fig. 114 is plain, but might be called a pitcher form, as the
rim has a wide projection in one place. Fig. 115 has a flaring rim,
deeply notched on the lower edge. Fig. 116 is proportionately
much narrower, but while a smaller vessel the projecting rim is
much deeper, and is adorned with diagonal lines and deep notches.

Fig. 117 is taken from a small photograph of one of the finest
perfect inland New York vessels, as far as size goes, and belongs to
Mr A. G. Richmond, of Canajoharie. The ornamentation is so
simple that a small illustration suffices for the general character. It
was found by an Adirondack guide, some years since, in a cave in
Otter creek valley. The contraction is quite near the rim, and there
is a simple ornament around this narrow. part. The greatest
diameter is below the center, and is 13 inches, being three more
than across the top. The hight is 14 inches, and Mr Richmond
bought the vessel of the finder some years ago, taking pains to have
a certified account of its discovery. Caves have sometimes afforded
good examples of New York pottery, and should be carefully ex-
amined wherever there are indications of man’s former presence,
not alone with reference to remains of pottery, but of other things
as well. |

Fig. 118 is an Onondaga rim, quite broad, and with two parallel
lines on top. The edge is indented within and without. Fig. 119
is from a Seneca river stockade, and has lines of large square inden-
tations, a frequent pattern. Fig. 120 is a rim from the same site,
deeply notched on the edge, and with diagonal grooves below. Fig.
I2I is a rim from Rice’s woods, north of Palatine Bridge, and has a
row of circular indentations below the moderately elevated angle.
At the angle is a shattered face, with a sloping row of large elliptic
indentations on either side. Pelow there are diagonal lines extend-
ing to the angular base, which slopes upward on each side from the
lower point of the slightly indicated body. This unusual arrange-
ment suggests butterfly wings. Fig. 122 is a rim from‘ the
small earthwork on Fort Hill, near Savannah, N. Y. There are
two lines of small indentations on the flat top, and vertical inter-
rupted grooves within, similar to the divided grooves without. The

latter are diagonal, meeting at an angle.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 107

Fig. 123 is taken from the small figure in Morgan’s League of the
Iroquois, which he considered typical of the pottery of the Genesee
valley. It fairly represents some forms. Fig. 124 is taken from a
small picture of one of the cave vessels of New York city, and was |
described at the time as ‘of dark red clay, 18 inches in diameter
at the mouth, and 2 feet high. It is contracted slightly 3 inches from
the rim, and flares a little in the middle. The bottom has the same
curious peak as that of the pot found in the knoll. Near the rim
are nine roughly executed rows of indentations, evidently made
with a sharp stick. Perpendicularly from the lowest row run
roughened belts of clay about 24 inches wide.’

After the above was written Mr W. L. Calver wrote very de-
cidedly in reply to a question about the pointed base. He had not
been able to examine closely the vessels in question, the curators
oi that department of the American museum of natural history being
away, but said, ‘As far as I can see none have anything like a
pointed base, and as I have known them from the first discovery, I
can say quite positively that none found hereabouts ever had any
other than rounded bottoms. My large pot, from near the Cheno-
weth cave, has:a rounded bottom. Mr A. E. Douglass says that he
knows of no New York pottery with pointed base.’

The feature claimed was so improbable that the figure here given
was introduced with some hesitation, but the claim was made so
confidently that.it was thought best to show by one example just
what it was. The opinion of so careful an archeologist as Mr Calver,
with special experience in local work, settles the question. The
vessels from the metropolis are like those from other parts of New
York.

A number of vessels have been found in New York city, in the
vicinity of Harlem, which are worthy of notice, and perhaps closer
study than can be given them now. Illustrations and descriptions
were given in the New York papers, at the time they were found
in 1890. These prove unreliable, but one of the simplest forms is
reproduced here to show one supposed feature of this pottery. The
accessible figures of the others differ greatly in outline from com-
mon forms. Some were reconstructed from fragments, and the

108 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

correctness of the restoration is another question. Some were
found in caves, and several are of large size. The peculiar feature,
if it proves such, is a protuberance at the base, so that the vessel
could only have stood in mud or sand. As figured the greatest
diameter is below the middle. One of these, from a cave, is des-
cribed as having a mouth diameter of 5 inches, and a body diameter
of 9, an unusual proportion in New York vessels. It was also
said to have had a protuberance at the base, and three zig-zag lines
encompassed the rim, interrupted by four vertical divisions at
regular intervals. A large vessel was also figured, and was taken
from a wooded knoll, near the Harlem river, and the ornaments are
the same as in Iroquois pottery, but in other ways it differs from that
form. It is 18 inches high and 5 inches across the top, and was
thus described. ‘ Around the rim ran a pattern of lines grouped in
triangles. The lines are perfectly parallel, and show that they were
made with some instrument less primitive than the pointed stick.

It terminates in a rough little apex that would prevent it from stand-
ing upright on anything harder than mud.’ ‘Some particulars are
added not quite consistent with the figure. Several others were
described, one having ‘a mouth but 5 inches in diameter, with a
flaring body almost a foot through, and an almost flat bottom. The
rim has a double row of indentations.’ These are presumably early
articles, but the restoration has been questioned.

Fig. 125 is a small vessel, represented of actual size. It is 23
inches high, with a diameter of 1,4, inches. This is from what
is known as the Cayadutta fort, a few miles north of Fonda, being
one of the three forts belonging to the three Mohawk clans when
they first settled in their New York territory. The site affords faces
on pottery, but of a ruder type than usual. This feature connects
it with other recent sites, but its age is quite as well shown by a long
bead of rolled brass. The vessel figured has an unusual contrac-
tion in the center, and the whole work is quite rude.

To illustrate one form of early Iroquois pottery, fig. 126 is
given, being a Canadian vessel found about nine miles northwest
of Ogdensburg, N. Y. It has the angular rim, fragments of which
are so frequent, and the usual expanded bow! with a rounded bot-

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 109

tom. With this may be compared Mr F. H. Cushing’s figure of
an Iroquois vessel in fig. 127, from a report of the Bureau of
ethnology. He supposed this form was founded on an earlier ves-
sel of birch bark. If the figure is correct, the pointed base is abnor-
mal rather than typical. All Iroquois vessels here represented have
a broadly rounded base. Fig. 129 was found with 126, and is intro-
duced for comparison. It shows the deep and projecting rim, as
well as ornaments below this. ;

Excepting this, fig. 128 to 137 inclusive, are from West Bloom-
field, N. Y., with one exception, and belong to Mr Leo Walter
Hildburgh, of New York city, who kindly presented photographs
of all. Most vessels found there are of the historic period, and it has
furnished many. Mr Hildburgh says that these are ‘from graves
containing articles of Indian and European manufacture.’ Fig. 128
has a notched rim, and the greatest diameter is about 1 foot.
Fig. 130 has a sloping rim, with widely separated points. The
diameter is the same as the last. Fig. 131 is a small, plain and
shallow vessel, but little over 6 inches across. Fig. 132 is from
Lima, N. Y., and has a broad rim with deep basal notches. Its
diaineter is 104 inches. Fig. 133 has a deep and notched rim. This
and the next have a diameter of 84 inches. Fig. 135 is a typical
example of the highly ornamented early form, with a broad and
angular rim. It is a foot in diameter. Fig. 136 is rather rude in
every way, but has a deeply notched rim. The diameter is 8 inches.
Fig. 137 is one oi the rarest forms of earthen vessels, and it is of
unusual size for the kind being on the same scale with all those
furnished by Mr Hildburgh. It is a double pot, ornamented, but
having one bowl broken.

To this review of early New York pottery a few notes may be
added. It will be observed that the vessels found at the Harlem
river are of large size, but this is hardly a rare circumstance. They
are partly restorations, and the true form is in question still. Many
Iroquois vessels must have been quite as large. At the Forks of
Fish creek, Annsville, Oneida county, vessels are said to have
been found from 2 to 3 feet in diameter. Mr W. W. Tooker writes
of one found by him in Sag Harbor, ‘ The large vessel, which holds

IIo - NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

about half a bushel, I took from a grave in this village. There was
another of nearly the same size, but so badly broken that it
could not be restored. It was molded in a grass basket, without
ornamentation except on its top edge, where there are cord marks,
and it is pierced with two holes for suspension.’ This is not a com-
mon feature. In Southold he found two smaller vessels in a grave,
holding a quart and a pint respectively.

The Rev. O. C. Auringer, of Troy, writes that he has fied no
earthenware east of the Hudson, while it occurs plentifully west of
that river. This must not be taken as a general rule, however,
though it certainly is less frequent eastward. In New York it had
its highest development among the Iroquois, although they used
dishes and vessels of bark and wood, as they still do. Their near
_kindred, the Hurons of Canada did the same. Each took his bark
dish and wooden spoon when invited to a feast. These articles re-
mained long after other changes came. A Huron Christian, named
Chihwatenhwa, told his friends in 1639, that they should not reject
Christianity because it was brought by the French, ‘ I ask you, when
at the beginning you saw their axes and kettles, after having recog-
nized that they were incomparably better than our axes of stone,
and our vessels of wood and of earth, have you rejected their axes
and kettles, because this was a new thing in your land, and it was
the custom of France to use these, and not your own?’

Something might be said on the aboriginal names of vessels, of
whatever material, and it would prove a suggestive theme. They
varied even among the Iroquois, and that ina marked degree. The
Oneidas and Mohawks, the most recent comers, differed in their
usage from the three western nations, as might have been expected,
and yet were so related as to sometimes use their names of kettles.
Commonly they did not. In other ways the reciprocal influence of
New York and Canada forms a curious study, commerce, migration,
peace and war, all contributing their part.

The remaining figures of vessels are from those in the state col-
lection, which includes some of the most remarkable specimens now
to be found.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES LET

Fig. 241 shows a fine vessel adorned with a human figure in bold
relief, and not as much conventionalized as in most examples. The
head reaches the rim, and the feet are less than half way above the
rounded base. The angular rim is adorned, much as usual, with
grooves and indentations, and is altogether unique. It is another
of the fine articles obtained for the state collection from West
Bloomfield, and is 64 inches high, with a diameter of 5% inches.
Another illustration of this is given in Fig. 245.

Fig. 242 is a simpler vessel from the same place, and there are
others less adorned, some of which have a slight ornamentation at
the rim, while others are perfectly piain. This has diagonal grooves
below the rim, and a row of large indentations beneath these. It is
much reduced in the figure, having a depth of nearly 5 inches and a
top diameter of 42 inches.

Fig. 243 is also from West Bloomfield, and is 44 inches deep,
with a diameter of 3f inches. The ornaments of indentations and
diagonal grooves are carried farther down the sides than in the last.

Pig. 244, from the same place, is a good example of an Iroquois
vessel adorned with a conventionalized human figure. The body
and legs have the customary cross marks, while the arms are formed
‘by elliptic indentations. Such vessels are now very rare. This is
also reduced, the dimensions being a depth of 64 inches, and a
diameter of 64 inches. Vessels of this kind were much in use
among the Iroquois about the year 1600, and for a few years later.
As far as reported they appear only among the Mohawks, Onon-
dagas and Senecas, but there is no known reason why the Oneidas
may not have used similar decorations, but none have yet been found
in their territory. ,

Fig. 245 is a photographic view of a Seneca vessel already figured
in a different position, it having a less diameter one way than the
other. The human figure does not seem to have been molded sep-
arately, nor does it have the cross bars so common among the
Mohawks and Onondagas. A perfect vessel with that style of orna-
ment is something much desired. |

The number of entire or nearly whole vessels of clay has proved
unexpectedly large, but it is to be regretted that so many have been

Ii2 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

carelessly destroyed. It is hoped that a few early Mohawk and
Onondaga sites may yield much of high value in this way, should the
state provide means for painstaking research. It is matter of con-
gratulation that so much has been already secured, but this initial
work only shows how important is the field, and how much may be

done.
CLAY TOBACCO PIPES

In an article on the ‘ Antiquity of the tobacco pipe in Europe,’
by Edwin A. Barber, printed in the American antiquarian in 1879,
he says, ‘It has for some time been a matter of dispute among
antiquaries whether the custom of tobacco smoking originated in
the eastern or the western continent; but of late years America has
been generally accepted as the birthplace of the art.’ The great
quantities of small clay pipes recently found in Great Britain, known
in England as fairy pipes, in Scotland as Celtic or elfin pipes, and in
Ireland as Danes’ pipes, he said had revived the question. Some
had been found close to Roman remains, and thus it had been
claimed that they were Roman relics of the second century. Other
recent articles found with them disproved this theory. Sir Daniel
Wilson, of Toronto, fairly discussed this question in his Prehistoric
man, and arrived at this conclusion. In Fairholt’s Tobacco; its his-
tory and associations, the subject is also treated, and he sums up by
saying, ‘ We may be certain no authenticated discovery of Celtic or
Roman antiquities, where the ground has been entirely undisturbed,
includes tobacco pipes.’ Mr Barber thought the fairy pipes of
Ireland the oldest form known in Great Britain.

There seems little doubt, however, that smoking was known in
Europe before Raleigh’s time, though perhaps little more than this,
for King James, in 1603, said ‘ It is not so long since the first entry
of this abuse amongst us here, as this present age can very well
remember both the first author and forms of its introduction.’
Capt. John Smith, who loved the weed, gives Ralph Lane credit for
its introduction into England. ‘ More by token that Lane brought
with him that blessed herb tobacco, and was the first man that
brought it to England; and yet have I heard men say, some that it
was Drake, others that it was Raleigh. Nor are they altogether
wrong, for if Raleigh had not sent Lane out, and Drake had not

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES I1I3

brought Lane home, he could not at that time have showed us Eng-
lishmen the virtues of that precious herb.’ English pipes of the
17th and 18th centuries, were used in trade or as presents to the
Indians, and in speaking of New York examples there will be occa-
sion to quote Mr Barber again.

The oldest pipes found in New York are of stone, the Iroquois
clay pipes succeeding these early examples, and being followed
by those of red pipe stone and some of the fine grained slates. In
1643 Roger Williams said, ‘Sometimes they make such great pipes,
both of wood and stone, that they are two feet long, with men and
beasts carved, so big or massive, that a man may be hurt mortally
by one of them, but these commonly came from the Mauguawogs,
or the men-eaters, three or four hundred miles from us.’ His ac-
count sounds like pipes of stone, but he probably: never saw a
Mohawk Indian or his pipe.

Capt. John Smith described the Susquehanna Indians, who were
kindred to the Iroquois, and we get the same impression of stone
pipes, though he does not call them such. He tells of “ his tobacco
pipe, three quarters of a yard long, prettily carved with a bird or
beare, a deare, or some such device at the great end, sufficient to
beate out the brains of aman.’ In both these cases we would sup-
pose a large stone bowl intended, with a wooden pipe stem inserted,
as in the modern pipe of peace. Wood also said that the Nar-
ragansetts made large stone pipes, which they sold to other nations.
It will suffice to say that such pipes were not made in New York at
the time of the Dutch colonization, nor were they then apparently
used there, except very rarely.

The usages connected with tobacco are of great interest. It was
an acceptable offering to spirits of every kind, and a little bag of it
is attached to a large wooden mask lying before the writer, to keep
the spirit of the mask in a peaceful mood. It allayed storms, and
was grateful to the thunders. It was always used at the burning
of the white dog, and was indispensable at councils of peace or war.
In digging ginseng a little of it was scattered over the first plant
found, which was then left unharmed. How largely it entered into
Indian life may be seen in old chronicles, or even on a reservation
now.

IIi4 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

This native northern tobacco, uicotiana rustica, is used in all sacred
functions, and grows spontaneously when once introduced. It has
a yellow flower, and is smaller than our commercial kinds. In the
prosperous days of the Tionontatie, or Tobacco nation of Canada,
it was a source of revenue to that ancient people. lLoskiel said,
‘The species in common use with the Delawares and Iroquois is so
strong that they never smoke it alone, but smoke it with the dried
leaves of the sumac or other plants.’ The Onondagas still cultivate
this species sparingly, calling it oyenkwa honwe, real tobacco.

On his pipe the Indian exercised his highest taste and skill, nor
did he wish to lose his own enjoyment of its beauty. Early clay
pipes had the finest features within the smoker’s sight, the face on
the bowl being usually turned toward him. Later examples often
reversed this feature, both in clay and stone. Quite commonly
it will be found that the figure on the bowl was molded separately,
and then attached. Detached heads occur, broken off, and often
beautifully wrought. Symmetrical designs appear, as when two or
more heads of any kind are grouped in various ways. Very often
the form is both simple and elegant, as in the trumpet pipes with

their graceful curves. After a time, however, the cheap and con-
venient pipe of the white man, or the elegant red stone pipe of the
west, displaced the work of the native forest artist.

A very large proportion of the aboriginal clay pipes of New York
were made by the Iroquois, and many are very neatly finished, the
work on them being much better than that on earthen vessels.
Some are so smooth as to suggest a dull glaze. This appearance,
however, comes from the careful finish of the surface. They vary
much in color, as the vessels do. Some Seneca pipes have almost
the appearance of black marble. Those found farther east are
much lighter in hue. The ornamental work varies still more, and
is often quite artistic. Human heads, with those of quadrupeds
and birds often embellish the bowls, and more rarely the stems.
Lines and dots are sometimes tastefully arranged. The upturned
and open jaws of some animal occasionally form the bowl, while
some peculiarities hint at a knowledge of the whites in a few from
prehistoric sites. The Algonquins also made pipes of clay.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES I15

As a rule stone pipes were earlier than those of clay, but not
invariably. A primitive feature appears in most cases; that of hav-
ing any face toward the smoker. One curious example has the
face turned to one side. Apparently at a later day there was some-
times a double symmetrical representation on the back of the bowl,
but this is not a common feature. In a very few cases grotesque
human faces are interwoven all over the bowl and stem. The so-
called trumpet pipes are frequent, but many others have a similar
curve between the bowl and stem. Straight pipes are rare, and
those with flanges along the stem are local.

_ Precisely when European pipes began to be used by the New
York Indians, we may not be able to decide. Large white stems,
carved as ornaments appear on the Onondaga site of 1654, but this
was occupied for some years longer. No Dutch pipes have been
found, known as such, and it is not likely that English pipes would
have been introduced inland, till the English took and retained
possession of the province of New York. On some sites of the
last quarter of the 17th century, such pipes have been found, and
some examples of these will be given. In 1684 duties were laid on
tobacco pipes and boxes intended for the Indian trade, amid a host
ci other things, so that they must then have had an extensive use
here and elsewhere. As public gifts to the Indians they first appear
in a council held in 1692, but some may have been given before.
The older ones have the bowl rather small and barrel shaped, and
the maker’s initials may appear on the projecting heel below the
bowl. A large number of pipes have been found of these and some-
what differing forms, and some are of much interest to the antiquary.
More will be said, as we consider each in turn.

In later councils wampum pipes appear as presents, but without
any suggestion of their form or nature. They are mentioned in
reports for 1702.

Fig. 138 represents one of these English pipes, found on the site
of the smaller Onondaga village mentioned by Greenhalgh in 1677.
It has no lettering, and is less swollen than most pipes of that
period. The heel at the base of the bowl may have been worn off,
and with this the letters would disappear, as they were stamped

116 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

within an ellipse below. Another from the same site has the letters
E. B., and this kind is somewhat frequent on Mohawk sites, but
those with these initials vary much in form. Mr S. L. Frey found
similar pipes with the letters R. T., on such sites, and others were
found in an Indian grave in Pennsylvania. Prof. E. A. Barber
thought these “were probably made by Richard Tyler, a celebrated
pipe maker in the vicinity of Bath, during the early or middle part
of the 17th century.’ The Dutch, however, were jealous of their
monopoly of tobacco pipes, and there is no likelihood that English
pipes found their way to New York Indians till toward the close
of that century, after the colony changed owners.

Fig. 139 is another white clay pipe from the Onondaga village of
1677, having the heel and cartouche inclosing a monogram formed
by an I above an M. It is singular in having a ribbed elevation
about an inch from the bowl and around the stem. To these pipes
may be added another found on Mohawk sites, and also on Man-
hattan island and in the Acadian cellars of Nova Scotia. This
lacks the earlier heel, and has the name R. Tippet in raised letters
and within a raised circle, on the side of the bowl. The maker is
unknown, but the pipes probably belong to the early part of the 18th
century, judging from their general character. Mr Richmond has
a fine and perfect one from an Indian grave at Canajoharie.

Fig. 140 is a very fine and perfect pipe from a grave in Scipio,
Cayuga county. It seems a gull’s head, with the beak upturned,
the bowl being at the base of this towards the mouth of the smoker.
There are grooves and dots on the back of the bowl. It is 64 inches
long, and probably of the early part of the 17th century. All the
pipes on this plate are two thirds of the actual length and breadth.

Fig. 141 is a plain pipe, but slightly curved, and much like those
of Cayuga. It was found near Rome, and is 3 inches long. There
are many of these plain pipes, having the bowl and stem at various
angles.

Fig. 142 has acylindric bowl and no stem. The greatest diameter
is at the stem-hole. This form is unusual in clay, though better
specimens have been found at Fort Hill, Auburn. This is the only
pipe which has been found at Rice’s woods, north of Palatine
Bridge. It is somewhat rude, and is 14 inches broad.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 1A 7

Fig. 143 is quite slender, and has a grotesque face and high head
dress, the latter a frequent feature in Cayuga pipes. Behind the
face are grooves and dots. It is 54 inches long, and is said to have
been found at Scipioville, a recent site of considerable extent.

_*F ig. 144 is a fine and perfect pipe of black clay, in the state collec-
tion, and is a good example of this characteristic pipe. An open-
mouthed bear’s head forms the bowl, and a spiral groove encircles
the bowl and stem from end to end. Although this form of pipe is
not rare, perfect examples are, and this is accordingly prized. This
is a Seneca pipe from West Bloomfield, where many fine pipes and
vessels have been found. In fact the populous Seneca country has
proved one of the most productive fields for antiquaries, although
a large proportion of the relics are recent.

Fig. 145 is a frequent form of Iroquois pipe, most abundant in the
t7th century, and two of this type were found with the fine pipe
which follows. It seems to have been most in use about the middle
-of that century, and a pot of French copper coins was among the
many modern articles found in the same grave. There were 44 of
these coins, dated from 1642 to 1656, and many French articles
occur in this and adjoining graves in Cayuga county. It has cords
around the top, and is 64 inches long.

Pig. 146 was found in a grave at Brewerton, which also contained
a gun and European articles. There were two of the long pipes
with this, having corded bowls; and also a unique pipe having a
panther’s head turned to one side. The pipe here figured has lost
a part of the eagle’s beak, but is otherwise perfect. Both head and
tail project, and both are adorned with dots and grooves. It is
very smooth, and almost black, and is one of the largest and finest
clay pipes yet found in Onondaga county, being 8? inches long.

The figures on the succeeding plate are reduced in the same pro-
portion as the last. Fig. 147 is a plain and angular pipe, from Far-
ley’s Point, on the east side of Cayuga lake. It is 54 inches long,
and has the flange on each side of the stem, so often seen in Cayuga
pipes.

_ Fig. 148 is a slender Cayuga pipe, with a very long stem and low
bowl, the latter ornamented with dots and moldings. It is 7 inches

118 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

long, and comes from Scipioville. Although of what is called the
trumpet form, it is almost unique in character.

Fig. 149 is a fine turtle pipe from Schoharie county, and was
found under a stump. The bowl is raised upon the back, and the
feet and projecting head are well worked out. It is a fine example
of this form of pipe, 74 inches long.

Fig. 150 is a pipe bowl from Jefferson county, strongly resembling
two from Madison county in its niche-like character, as well as one
from the Minden site near Fort Plain. There is a face and a rude
figure in a recess, surrounded by a double arch. These pipes ap-
parently belong to the end of the 16th century, but suggest to some
a knowledge of Europeans. They are rather rare. One comes
from Onondaga. :

Fig. 151 is a fine and curious pipe found in a grave at Boughton
hill, where the Seneca capital of 1687 stood. There is an upturned
human face above, and arms below the rim of the bowl. Below the
latter are grooves, and along the stem are grooves and elliptic
indentations in the fashion of that century. Another fine pipe was
found in the same grave. One has been described from the Huron
territory in Canada much like this, and the Senecas had a town
almost entirely Huron, after the overthrow of that people. The
Fiuron and Canadian pipes of this form may have come from the
same hand. The length is 7% inches.

Pig. 152 isa large and fine bowl in the form of a human head.
It is very well made, and resembles some of the early pipes from
Jefferson county. It is 2} inches wide, and was found in Lenox,
Madison county, not far from the site of 1615, but is probably of
earlier date. From the latter, at Nichols’ pond, Fenner, come some ~
of the high and corded bowls of that century, so frequent else-
where.

Fig. 153 is a large and heavy pipe, with the abrupt angles neatly
rounded. It has a flaring bowl, and is perfectly plain excepting
four shallow horizontal grooves midway on the front of the bowl,
and two large indentations on the back. This massive pipe is per-
fect, and is 74 inches in extent. It was found in Pompey, and thus
seems of the 17th century.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES IIg

The next plate is reduced in the same proportion. Fig. 154 has
a wolf’s head projecting from the bowl, with grooves around the
latter. It is a recent but fine Cayuga pipe, and was found in a
grave with European articles. These projecting heads were often
broken off, and sometimes had a secondary use as ornaments.
Usually they were molded separately, and attached before baking.
_ The form was common in the 17th century and a little earlier. This
fine pipe is 62 inches long.

Fig. 155 shows a fine trumpet pipe from the Seneca river, 33
inches long. It comes from a fishing hamlet, where there were
also camps of uncertain age. A molding at the base of the bowl
is an unusual feature in this form of pipe.

Fig. 156 is a plain and angular pipe, with a molding around the
rim. It is 4 inches long, and is a Cayuga pipe from Union Springs.
The type is frequent there.

Fig. 157 shows a pipe bowl of a pattern found in a number of
places. It has an expanded base, divided by vertical ridges and
erooves. These ridges are notched across. There are four human
faces between these and on opposite parts of the bowl. In some
examples a plain surface takes the place of the face. Above these
ribs and faces the bowl contracts and then expands toward the rim.
This part has horizontal grooves. This bowl comes from Rodman,
Jefferson county, and is 1% inches across the rim. It seems to have
been in use late in the 16th century, from the connection of sites.

Fig. 158 is from a camp site a mile east of Skaneateles lake, and is
34 inches in extent. A human face turns toward the smoker, and
much resembles one found in a stockade near Baldwinsville. There
are three vertical grooves below the chin. The curved stem is
nearly rectangular, but the angles are neatly rounded. The ma-
terial is quite gritty, and the rim is a little damaged.

Fig. 159 is a thick and coarse bowl, much like a flower pot in
form, but it has a slight inward curve at the top. The rim is made
with an outward slope all around, and below this are large elliptic
indentations. It comes from Fenner, Madison county, and is 1}
inches wide by 24 deep. But for the location of this at or near
Nichols’ pond, it would not be thought an Iroquois pipe, and may
not have been.

120 vn’ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 160 is a neat and peculiar little pipe bowl from Seneca
county, I inch wide. It is very angular at the base, and midway
the upper half of the bowl projects, and is adorned with vertical
and horizontal grooves. The base gradually expands below this
abrupt projection, and is decorated with diagonal grooves and
dots.

Fig. 161 is a very well made pipe, representing the human knee
and foot slightly conventionalized. The stem is a little broken,
but it is yet 4 inches long. The sole of the foot forms the rim of
the bowl, and the ankle and toes plainly appear. It is from the
Otstungo or Minden site, where many fine pipes have been found.

Fig. 162 is a serpent pipe from West Bloomfield. The reptile
twines around the pipe from the mouthpiece to the top of the bowl,
where the head appears. This gives the whole pipe a spiral appear-
ance, found in some other Seneca pipes where the serpent is not so
distinctly seen. This creature was a favorite decoration on many
fragmentary pipes. This one is 4% inches long.

Fig. 163 is a remarkable pipe from Boughton hill, suggesting a
Huron maker, and is 6$ inches long. It was taken from a grave
with another already described. The human head, with its little
cap, is hollow, a remarkable feature, but a hog’s head, detached
from a pipe and found near Canandaigua lake, resembles it in this
respect., This hollow head rises above the bowl, and has seven per-
forations. Arms and legs appear on the bowl, and there are grooves
across the back of the figure. The fashionable lines and indenta-
tions follow the stem. The face is less upturned than in a previous
example.

In succeeding plates the figures are of actual size.

Fig. 164 is one of the curious many faced pipes found on one or
two Onondaga sites only. This is reported from Indian Fort, in
Pompey, but may be a mistake for the stockade a few miles south,
where they have otherwise only been found. The bowl alone re-
mains of this pipe, which is the largest known of this form, being 24
inches wide. Six grotesque faces form the rim, and below these are
two rows of five faces each, which are divided by spiral lines.
Although much larger the general appearance is much less artistic
than that of one yet to be represented.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES I21

Fig. 165 is another of these, more angular than some in its curves.
This is from a photograph, and there seem to be six faces around
the top. A fragment of a stem shows that these faces follow the
curved and diminishing stem nearly to the mouthpiece, which is
neatly rounded and has a molding at the end. This is from the
Onondaga site west of Cazenovia, where several have been found.
The stockade was occupied about 1600, and this unique type died
with the maker.

Fig. 166 is part of a pipe bowl which is encircled by a serpent,
the head appearing below. The form is found in many places, but
this comes from a circular stockade near Baldwinsville. There are
grooves between the scaly folds.

Fig. 167 is an owl’s head pipe from Nichols’ pond, and is 21%
inches wide. These are often found in a fragmentary condition, and
are rarely as perfect as this. It was a favorite design among the
Petun nation of Canada, and sometimes is combined with other
things in New York. |

Fig. 168 is a pipe bowl from Ontario ene which is of simple
design. There are six moldings above, and the top is nearly rec-
tangular. Near the base is a large molding around the bowl. The
greatest diameter is 2 inches.

Fig. 169 is a handsome fragment of the rim of a pipe Homa much

like a high and pointed cap or miter. This is ornamented with
horizontal and diagonal grooves, the latter converging, and most
of them notched. The color is a bright red, and it must have been
a beautiful article when perfect. It was found on a stockade site a
little west of Baldwinsville.
_ Fig. 170 is a coarsely made pipe, with a barrel shaped bowl, the
horizontal lines above and below suggesting hoops, and the ver-
tical lines between, staves. It is 4 inches long, and was obtained
near Binghamton. :

Fig. 171 is a rare form dating from the middle of the 17th cen-
tury. It was found in a grave at Brewerton, with an eagle pipe
and two others, along with European articles. It has the lines of
dots frequent in that day, and its notable feature is that the single,
spirited panther’s head, forming the bowl is at right angles with

I22 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

_

the stem. In earlier pipes the face was toward the smoker; a
later fashion was to place it on the front of the bowl. There are
four grooves under the rear of the head, and the length is 54 inches.

Fig. 172 represents a fine pipe from an early Iroquois site in Pom-
pey. Two human faces appear side by side, at slightly different
angles with the bowl. This arrangement is somewhat rare, and
although the pipe is otherwise simple it may be called unique.

Fig. 173 shows a fine bear’s head pipe from Pompey, of the early
part of the 17th century. The head and most of the body and bowl
project greatly toward the rear. There are undulating and nearly
vertical grooves on the sides of the body, and the usual grooves
and elliptic indentations along the stem. There is the usual con-
-ventional projection of the tail, and the surface is polished. The
length is 5% inches. There are many fine pipes of this type,. but
none, perhaps, uniting so many fine features as this.

Fig. 174 is one of a class where the open mouth of some animal
forms the bowl. This is from Cayuga county, and is 44 inches long.
The bear’s head is upturned, and the jaws are distended. Snake
heads were often represented on similar bowls.

Fig. 175 is another of the many faced pipes found on the Onon-
daga site of 1600, and is the most graceful in its curves of any yet
found, though smaller than some, the greatest diameter being less
than 2 inches. One face has been broken off at the top, where
there should have been five, but 13 remain on the fragment. The
faces are grotesque and curiously intertwined, and the surface is
as glossy as in some other pipes of that period.

Fig. 176 shows a fine trumpet pipe, widely expanded at the dul
The rim has vertical indentations, and there are bands and dots
below this on the bowl. It comes from Venice, Cayuga county,
and is 4 inches long. - From the location it would seem compar-
atively recent.

Fig. 177 has the general trumpet form, but is very thick as well
as short. The low bowl is widely expanded, and there are moldings
below the rim. The length is 31 inches, and it comes from Ken-
daia, near the east shore of Seneca lake, where a Seneca village was
destroyed in 1779.

~

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 123

Fig. 178 is a miniature clay pipe from Jefferson county, of the

trumpet form, 14 inches long. ‘These little pipes are sometimes met
with, both in clay and stone. Many of the Indian pipes, however,
held so little tobacco that it was needless to make toy pipes for the
boys. .
Fig. 179 is a long straight pipe with an expanding bowl, and is
much like an inverted long-necked bottle in outline. The stem is
almost triangular. The length is 44 inches, and the greatest
diameter 134 inches. It is from Union Springs on Cayuga lake.

Fig. 180 shows an angular pipe of unusual form, from Rutland,
Jefferson county. The top is slightly flaring, and there is an expan-
sion in the center of the bowl, which is ornamented with lines and
circles of dots. The projecting base takes the form of the heel in
early European pipes, though very much wider. There are also
three holes in the stem. The length is 44 inches. This does not
come from a fort, but from an open site. c
_ Fig. 181 is a remarkably fine specimen of a rare type, involving
a symmetrical arrangement. The fine pigeon’s head on one side of
the back of the bowl is balanced by another on the opposite side, and
a conventionalized human face appears on the rear between the bills
of the birds. This face is an ellipse, with three vertical elliptic in-
dentations. At the top and base of the bowl are broad bands, with
elliptic indentations. Between these are 10 horizontal grooves,
and there are three rows of long indentations on the flat top of the
stem. The bowl is 22 inches wide, and the pipe 54 inches. This
came from Indian Fort, Pompey.

Fig. 182 shows another of the open-mouthed pipes, apparently
of a fish. The head is upturned as usual, the mouth forming the
Bowl. Below the bowl are circular grooves and lines of ellipses.
It came from East Aurora, Erie county.

Fig. 183 is a pretty pipe from Union Springs, 34 inches long. The
top is hexagonal in outline, contracting in a straight slope to the |
moldings beneath, and ornamented with diagonal lines. Several
moldings form the center of the bowl, which again suddenly expands
before contracting into the stem, which is quite slender.

I24 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 184 is a curved pipe with a bowl terminating in a rim which
is nearly rectangular, but with slightly convex edges. The top is
1g inches across, and the full length is 52 inches. There are grooves
on the edge of the flaring rim. This was found in the town of Clay,
not far from the Oneida river. 3

Fig. 185 shows a characteristic pipe from Jefferson county, with
a human face on the rear of the bowl. It is much compressed,
making the face somewhat thin. The eyes are raised ellipses, and
there are small elliptic indentations around the rim. The long
diameter of the bowl is 2 inches, and the short 14 inches. Clay
pipes are common and variable in that county, and this is a moder-
ately early form.

Fig. 186 is a fine pipe from the Otstungo or Minden site, and
more than half of the stem has been restored. In this form it is
6} inches long. There are notched lines on the stem, and grooved
and beaded lines on the front of the bowl. In a double niche, on
the back of the bowl, is a child’s bust with uplifted hands. An ex-
perienced archeologist, on seeing this, at once exclaimed that it was
the niche of a saint, which it certainly suggests.

Fig. 187 is part of the bowl of a handsome red pipe, from a stock-
ade near Baldwinsville. The upper part is rectangular, contracting
toward the base, and ornamented with diagonal lines and dots.
Below this it.is circular, with horizontal moldings. The arrange-
ment is very tasteful.

Fig. 188 is a handsome Mohawk pipe from the early fort on
Garoga creek, in Ephratah, Fulton county. The curving stem is
mostly lacking. The bowl is 13 inches wide. Above the bold and
well-formed face is a head dress of netting.

Fig. 189 shows a pipe of unusual form from Montgomery county.
The rim is slightly notched, and the bowl gradually expands below
this for half an inch, as gradually contracting again below the angle
thus formed. On this angle is a perforation, and there are five
horizontal grooves on the front of the bowl. This is from the
Otstungo site, and is highly polished.

Fig. 190 has the bowl square on top, and expanded below the
angular contraction, The stem joins the bowl at an abrupt angle,

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 125

and the bowl is ornamented with grooves. This is 3} inches long,
and comes from Cazenovia. | |

Fig. 191 is a pretty pipe of the trumpet form, but with a very low
bowl, ornamented with circular moldings and dots. It is 4 inches
_ long, and was found a few miles west of Canajoharie.

Fig. 192 shows part of a curious pipe bowl found at Brewerton.
It is cylindrical and tapering toward each end, and is ornamented
with lines and dots. There is a strong resemblance in this to a
stone pipe found in Canada.

Fig. 193 represents a curious pipe bowl found in East Syracuse.
The upper part of the front reached above the proper rim of the
bowl, and this is partially lost. The front of the bowl represented
a human face surmounted by an owl’s head.

Fig. 194 is a trumpet bowl, raised on either side of the rim, but
this is hardly a rare feature. It is ornamented with lines and dots,
both horizontal and nearly vertical, and is 12 inches wide the widest
way. It was found on the Seneca river. |

Fig. 195 is of similar form, having the two raised angles. It has
circular moldings below the wide band which forms the rim, and is
1} inches wide. There are two indentations below the rim. This
is from a stockade near Baldwinsville, probably of the 16th century.

Fig. 196 is a heavy angular bowl, with diagonal lines and en-
circling rows of dots. It is 12 inches wide, and was found on the
Seneca river.

Fig. 197 shows a small thick pipe, with expanded bowl, orna-
mented with diagonal lines and dots. It is 23 inches long, and
comes from Sherman’s hollow, Yates county. |

Fig. 198 shows a small bowl with expanded base, having vertical
ribs, but no faces. Above these an ornamented molding encircles
the bowl, and the expanded rim is neatly decorated. The diameter
is 14 inches, and it comes from Cayuga county.

Fig. 199 is an angular pipe from Farley’s point, Cayuga lake,
which is 34 inches long. The bowl is encompassed with irregular
grooves and dots.

_ Fig. 200 is another angular pipe, 44 inches long, and found in
Scipioville. The stem expands but slightly till half way between

126 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

the angle and the top of the bowl, where there is a sudden enlarge-
ment. This is adorned with vertical and diagonal lines.

Fig. 201 has a swollen base to the bowl, ornamented with diagonal
and vertical lines. It is 3$ inches long, and was found 2 feet under-
ground in Owego, in 1897.

Fig. 202 is a white clay pipe from Munnsville, where the Oneidas
lived. It has no heel, but in the slight cartouche beneath the bowl
are the letters E. B. The form is very different from the earlier
pipes bearing these initials, which have barrellike bowls and prom-
inent heels. At the same time it differs much from recent pipes.
Barrels of pipes were given to the Indians by the English. —

Fig. 203 shows a pipe from Hoffman’s Ferry, of quite unusual
character. It is reduced in the drawing to three-fourths size, the
actual extent being now 2} inches, but the stem has been broken.
It was found on the flats of the Mohawk river, and Mr P. M. Van
Epps, the owner, says, ‘ The dot and line ornamentation has been
impressed before baking, but the work representing the mouth, nose
and eyes, has been cut in the material after burning. Both sides
have the face, which is cut much alike, except that the reverse has
two nasal orifices.’ It is quite narrow for the length, and seems
an early form.

Fig. 204 has an upturned wolf’s head on the margin of the bowl.
The mouth is not open, and there are other examples of the gen-
eral form. There are grooves around the bowl, and grooves and
elliptic indentations on the stem. This is an Oneida pipe fromm
Munnsville.

Fig. 205 is a frequent form of Cayuga pipe, easily imitated from its
simplicity of design.

Fig. 206 is a human faced pipe bowl from Indian Fort, Pompey,
having a head dress of dots and lines. The curved stem has been
broken. Indian Fort is considered a recent site, but this pipe is
of an early Iroquois type, like most relics there now.

Fig. 207 is perfectly plain, and slightly curved, suggesting that
stone tubes may well have been used for pipes. It is 4.inches long,
and comes from Farley’s point, Cayuga lake.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 127

Fig. 208 is a pipe bowl nearly an-inch wide, found on the site
of a circular stockade near Baldwinsville. The face, with its open
mouth, differs little from mariy others, but there is a neat head
dress behind this, made up of dots and lines, suggesting one in
actual use.

Fig. 209 is taken from a drawing of a fine pipe found on Fort
Hill, Le Roy. It is 4 inches long, and has two raised human heads
on the back of the bowl, facing the smoker. The back below these
has a plain surface with oblong indentations. This flattened sur-
face is continued on the top of the stem, which is angular through-
out. The front of the bowl, with its dots and grooves, is much like
some other Seneca pipes. This pipe has now disappeared. From
the drawing furnished by Mr Moseley it would seem that one of
the heads is that of a white man, not an improbable thing at the
time the pipe was made. Unfortunately this can not be determined
now, and the drawing is given as made some years since.

A pipe bowl from a Baldwinsville stockade has three narrow and
horizontal ellipses within a double triangle, which has the point -
above. The elliptic grooves represent the eyes and mouth.

A Jefferson county pipe has a beaver on the front and beneath
the bowl. ‘The top is contracted, and the marks of molding tools
plainly appear. A large and thick angular bowl, with concentric
interrupted grooves inclosing a 16 rayed star or flower, comes from
_ Sacket Harbor, from whence comes also a-swimming goose on the
upper part of a large bowl. The bird’s head is broken off. A
thick and angular pipe, much like those from Cayuga, also comes
from Rutland, in that county. Another from the same place has a
slender stem, and an expanding straight-sided bowl with diagonal
grooves and dots. It is 4g inches long, and the’ bowl is compar-
atively low. A thick trumpet pipe, 52 inches long, comes from
Dexter, and a similar smaller one from Le Ray. A pipe with a very
broad and flat stem, but somewhat convex above and below, is 3
inches long, and was found at Alexandria Bay. A bird pipe from
the Thousand Islands, is 3 inches wide, and has grooves on the
wings and tail. Some others from this county will be mentioned
later.

128 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

A pipe from Binghamton has a grotesque face, with a long pro-
jecting nose. A perfect pipe has a woli’s head, with vertical grooves
behind. A line of elliptic indentations runs from the head far down
the stem. It is 62 inches long, and comes from Cazenovia. A
finely polished and perfect pipe, 64 inches long, is from Phoenix, on
the Oswego river. It has the corded ornament at the top of the
bowl, interrupted by two broader grooves. The stem is more
gradually curved than in most of this type.

A large pipe of red clay, from Schoharie county, has double oie
ings at the base of the bowl. The latter expands like open jaws. A
trumpet pipe, from Stone Arabia, has grooves and dots, and a rim
24 inches wide. A large pipe from the Otstungo site is 6% inches
long, and curved. A now headless goose shows its foot. The pipes
there have usually jong stems. A fine trumpet pipe from this place
is 6£ inches long, and has moldings. Another angular pipe from _
this fort, with an expanding bowl, has a raised wolf’s head, turned
to the front, which is unusual in so early an example. A cylindric
bowl, with vertical and horizontal dots and lines, is 14 inches wide,
and comes from Canajoharie. Another broadly expanded trumpet
pipe, with moldings and grooves, is 6 inches long, and comes from
Stone Arabia. Quite an odd find in clay pipes is one from Frey’s
Bush, which is a brown earthenware imitation of European pipes.

Oneida pipes are not rare, and fine examples of them are found
in many collections, where they have become widely dispersed.
They occur mostly in the vicinity of Oneida creek, and some have
been described from Nichols’ pond. A bowl, 14 inches wide, and
having horizontal and diagonal lines and dots, is from Munnsville.
A large bowl, having a large bear’s head, with grooves and dots
behind the head, is from Madison county, and is 24 inches wide.
Another bowl, with an animal head, and grooves and ellipses on the
bowl and stem, is from Munnsville, and a niched pipe comes from
near the same place.

Among the odd serpent pipes is the fragment of a large bowl
from Baldwinsville. The scaly folds are well worked, but are not
parallel, and between them, in one place, is a large protuberance,
- much like an egg. Another curious bowl from the same place has

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 129

deep spiral grooves and prominent decorated ridges, suggestive of
a serpent but not directly an imitation. |

A plain trumpet pipe from South Onondaga is 5 inches long.
An upturned bear’s head, with open jaws forms the bowl of a pipe
from Oneida river. There are grooves around the stem and lower
part of the bowl, and vertical grooves below the jaws. Turtle pipes
are usually flat, but one from the Seneca river has the head raised
above the edge of the bowl, on the sides of which are horizontal and
diagonal grooves.

The corded bowls are many in number, and distributed through
the entire Iroquois territory, most of them being of the 17th century,
and varying in unimportant details. In this, as in other instances,
will be seen one great advantage of studying the Iroquois district
as such, that of placing so many articles in their proper chrono-
logic position, affording a criterion for work elsewhere. Thus a
coarse and heavy clay pipe found ina grave at East Syracuse, to the
fertile imagination of the reporter was of vast antiquity, and the
grave a substantial structure lined with stone. The stones van-
ished, on investigation, and an Iroquois pipe appeared of another
corded form, having a low instead of a high bowl. These corded
pipes are often angular, but the bowl and stem sometimes form a
fine curve, and sometimes they are true trumpet pipes.

An example of a type of pipes made in the 16th century comes
from the Thousand Islands. It is quite plain, the bowl curving
abruptly from the stem, and expanding but little except at the rim.
This form is often ornamented with some incised figure, and the
bowl is quite high. :

A very pretty pipe bowl was found two miles south of Onondaga
Hill. The lower half of the bowl is much expanded, and has the
usual vertical divisions of this form of pipe, but they are less prom-
inent than usual, and there are no faces between. On the cylin-
dric portion between this base and the four moldings around the
rim are grooves and lines of dots.

The simple and almost straight pipes, often with very broad stems
are found in many places. A good example comes from Oswego
Falls. It is but slightly curved, and is quite thick. The dimensions

130 Da NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

are 34 inches long by 14 wide, and it is broken on one side of the
rim. Viewed from the front the sides are nearly parallel. It was
little used by the eastern Iroquois. |

A fragmentary bowl comes from a stockade site on the Seneca

river, having several rare features. There has been a high crest of
some kind, above the well-wrought human face, the features of the :
latter being quite prominent. The eyes have elevated and elliptic
rims, and the mouth a similar rim, but more angular. The face
seems to have been made separately, standing’ well out from the
bowl. The site is prehistoric Iroquois.
_- The pipes with flanges on the sides of the stem, are not restricted
to the Cayuga district, a fine and ornamented one having been found
near the east shore of Cross lake. It is of a simple character, hay-
ing only grooves and lines of dots below the rim.

Among the niched pipes inclosing human busts or faces, may be
mentioned one belonging to Mr A. E. Douglass, of New York,
and found in Madison county. The double arches are plain, and
the face, which is of a marked character, runs up into a high point,
suggesting a fool’s cap.

A fine and large turtle pipe is from an Onondaga village, occu-
pied in 1677. The upper shell forms the front of the bowl, which
opens about half way down the lower shell, the animal being placed
vertically. The claws and tail are well elaborated, but are under
the edge ‘of the shell. The whole surface is ornamented with
groups of lines.

A curious pipe is from Jefferson county, and represents a fresh-
water crayfish, whose tail extends beneath the stem. One of the
claws is broken, and the other entirely gone. There are rows of
dots along the back. The length is 34 inches.

Two recent Onondaga pipes are worthy of note, both from a
village occupied in 1677. A long-bodied animal encircles, the top
of the bowl of one, having the head and tail of a bear. Beneath
the body are four broad grooves and a chain around the bowl. The
head is parallel with the side of the bowl. The other has a well-
executed figure of a sitting man, whose feet are on the stem, and
whose hands are clasped across the knees. Grooves appear on the

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 131

man’s prominent back, giving it the appearance of a very plump
skeleton, but these are but customary ornaments. [If it once had a
head, as is probable, the fracture has been neatly smoothed and
hardly appears.

Many fine examples of pipes, perfect and fragmentary, may be
seen in the state collection, which is now rich in articles of this
kind, through the energetic efforts of Mr A. G..Richmond, to whose
knowledge of aboriginal art we owe so much. In the fine local
collection of Mr Twining, made in Jefferson county, in those of
Messrs Peck, Crone and Moseley, of Ontario and Genesee counties,
will be found specimens which will elicit admiration. A few of
these will be shown from photographs, partly because they have
features so remarkable, in some cases, that no suspicion of artistic
fancy should rest on their reproduction. In all the illustrations
in these bulletins accuracy has been aimed at, bit a photograph will
remove any lingering doubt, should such exist in the minds of any.
‘These plates are reduced.

Fig. 210 is of a pipe from Genesee county, where a combination
is occasionally met with in a somewhat different way. A man’s
head faces the smoker, and above this, on the other side of the
bowl, is an uplifted animal’s head. There are the usual grooves,
and an arm or leg appears below the animal’s head. The pipe is

black, and quite angular, and is 5% inches long.
| Fig. 211 is one of the most remarkable pipes in the collection, in
some ways, and comes from Mr W. L. Stone’s collection, mostly
made in Saratoga county, or in that vicinity. It is commonly
known as the Washington pipe, and as the full resemblance depends
on little things the aid of the camera has been called in that every
minute detail might be supplied. The figure of a sitting man forms
the bowl, the bust out of proportion to the lower parts, but art
requires some conventionalism. The head is fine, the hair full, and
gathered into a cue which hangs low down on the back. In
some points of view the resemblance to Washington is very strik-
ing, but it is a type of pipe anterior to his day by nearly 100 years.
The head is characteristically European; the work that of an Iro-
quois. We need not be surprised at this. If the native artist could

132 _ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

imitate one thing, he might another, and that he did figure European
animals, articles, and in some instances men, is very plain. The
wonder, therefore, is not so much in the European head and hair,
as in the suggestive likeness found in this case. Otherwise the
style is that of the 17th century, and some French or English
officer probably called forth the artist’s admiration. It is 74 inches
long.

Fig. 212 is a fine and curious pipe of brown clay from Jefferson
county. The rim is broad, contracting beneath. The expanded
base of the bowl is handsomely engraved, above the large and plain
stem. ‘The general style is rare. |

Fig. 213 is a fine and unique pipe from West Bloomfield, and
is 74 inches long. It is of black clay, and has grooves around the
top of the bowl. Two serpents raise their heads above the front of
this, their bodies following the curve of the pipe below the stem,
under the bottom of which there is a long groove.

Fig. 214 is a dark colored pipe from Genesee county, of what is
known as the Huron type of Canada, but which is also found on
early Mohawk sites late in the 16th century, as well as elsewhere.
The bowl is angular, with deep elliptic and curved indentations, and
long grooves-and lines of indentations extend along the curving
stem. It is one of the best examples of this well-known form, and is
4% inches long.

Fig. 215 is another pipe from West Bloomfield, and is of a gray-
ish mottled clay. The length is about 42 inches. A squirrel occu-
pies the front of the bowl, raising its head above the edge.

Fig. 216 is a spirited pipe from Honeoye Falls, near which were
early historic Seneca sites. A man crouches on top of the bowl,
with folded arms, facing the smoker. Grooves cross his body and
limbs, he wears a small round cap, and might be taken for one of
La Salle’s sailors rather than an Indian. There are four grooves
around the stem near the center. The extreme length of this fine
pipe is 64 inches.

Fig. 217 is a remarkably long pipe from the same place, being
a trifle over 9} inches in length. It is black, like many other pipes
from that region, and has a fine eagle on the top of the bowl, the

“ener

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 133

head being very large, as in all such cases. There are horizontal
grooves on the throat, and two rows of flutings on the upper side
of the long stem. It is the longest clay pipe yet reported.

Fig. 218 is another unique pipe of reddish clay, from Jefferson
county, 54 inches long. . There are grooves and indentations on the
front of the bowl, and lying obliquely on the top toward the smoker,
is what might be termed a quartered shield, divided by groups of
lines running in various directions.

Fig. 219 is another still more remarkable pipe, where the unan-
swerable testimony of the camera will be found of value in point of
detail. This peculiar pipe is from Jefferson county, and is sugges-
tive of many things. What bird is represented? When was it
made? Mr Twining, who obtained the pipe from Sandy Creek,
thought it a parrot, and the thick, curved beak naturally suggests
that bird, but is not sharp enough. It has full as much resemblance
to the flamingo. The Iroquois, however, seem to have known

nothing of the parrot till they extended their wars southward,

after the downfall of the Eries in the middle of the 17th century.
Yet they were kindred to the Eries, the Massawomekes, and the
Tuscaroras of the south, and thus might have known something

‘of southern birds at an early day. On the other hand, nearer
home, this head may have been but an exaggeration of the thick
bill of the coot or some other member of the duck family. Accur-

ate likeness of anything it certainly is not, and something is exag-

_ gerated, though we can hardly say what or how much. One north-

ern bird might put in a strong claim, the razor-billed auk, which

_ at times frequents the Gulf of St Lawrence and the New England
and New York coasts. It comes nearer to this peculiar outline

than any bird now recalled, and the early Iroquois reached its
haunts.

As to when this pipe was made we have no certain dates. It
was found in a region peopled by prehistoric men of the Iroquois
family, though it might have have been lost in later days. The
character of the pipe, however, suggests the 16th century, at which
time the Iroquois lived at peace on the St Lawrence, certainly as
low down as Quebec, They went much farther, Thus it is prob-

134 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

able they came in contact with a northern bird more exactly filling
the requirements than any southern one that can be named. The
likeness was not a success. Besides the deep bill this pipe has the
raised eyes frequently found in pipes of the 16th century, while the
grooves and dots on the front of the bowl attest its Iroquois char-
acter, although made before the league was formed. The length |
is nearly 44 inches.

Fig. 220 is another curious and probably early Jefferson county
pipe. The singular decoration on one side of the face has been
called a military hat, and was probably suggested by a head dress
of some kind. There are the usual grooves on the front of the
bowl, and a face appears toward the rear, on one side of which is
a broad half-circular appendage, ornamented with dots and inden-
tations neatly arranged. Dots appear about the face. It is not a
large pipe, being about 3 inches long.

Fig. 221 is another odd pipe from Jefferson county, which has
lost part of the plain and curved stem, and is now hardly 34 inches
long. The bowl is oblong, having some resemblance to a black-
smith’s anvil at the broad and unequally projecting rim. In the
center of the bowl is an expansion, with vertical erooves and dots,
and faces in relief before and behind. This part varies but little
from some other forms, but the projecting rim is a striking feature.

The Iroquoian character of the early inhabitants of Jefferson
county, in the main, plainly appears from many of their pipes, and
while some of these are of an earlier type, many of them can scarcely
be distinguished from those of the 17th century. There are
reasons for supposing the early Onondagas came thence about the
time of the beginning of the long Huron war, as the Mohawks left
the St Lawrence at the same time. About that time, also, several
novelties were introduced into pipe-making in New York, as well
as in the decoration of earthenware. The evidence for this is clear.
One reason for this was in the change of location; another in the
new and close contact of the several nations who met to form and
perpetuate the Iroquois league; another still in their adoption of
foreign captives, who brought new arts to the homes of the vic-
tors. The change affected the Cayugas and Senecas less, because

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 135

they retained their old homes, while the Mohawks, Oneidas and
Onondagas began a new life amid new scenes.

The state collection has a very good representation of pipes of
clay and stone from Jefferson county, and there are several -de-
tached heads from the former, showing that one style, prevalent
in other places in the 17th century, was also made there, and prob-
ably not long before. The fine owl’s head bowl appears, and the
trumpet pipe in a simple character. Two raised angles on the
_rim of some bowls, connect this with Onondaga county. Some mas-
sive trumpet pipes, with an abruptly projecting rim, differ from most
of this type. The open-mouthed serpent forms a conspicuous and
characteristic bowl, and the corded bowl has a less typical repre-
sentation. One fine clay pipe has a human face turned from the
smoker. In general, however, this early feature is preserved. by
placing such faces on the back of the bowl; and where these ar
human faces they are usually large and grotesque. There are sev-
eral fine examples of these, and they are found in other collections.
They might be called the typical pipe of that extensive field.

Mr A. E. Douglass did not classify his pipes by material, but out
of 375 he had 43 from New York. Ohio came next with 4o, and
then Tennessee with 39. He gave no list of earthenware.

MISCELLANEOUS

Excepting tobacco pipes and vessels of clay, the articles of earth-
enware made by the New York Indians were very few in number,
and some of these were adaptations from those which had been
broken. Most of the small disks or counters were chipped out of
potsherds, and some detached heads may have come from broken
pipes. This is not always the case, but the number of articles
showing original design is so far surprisingly small.

Fig. 222 shows the largest clay disk as yet reported from New
York, and it is in the state collection as one of the articles in Mr
Twining’s fine array of relics from Jefferson county, where most
things are of prehistoric date. A large fragment of pottery has
been cut into an irregularly circular form, and perforated near the
center. From this perforation 11 incisions radiate to the outer
edge. The secondary work is clearly seen, as it is in simpler ex-

136 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

amples. Such disks, perforated or not, but usually smaller, occur
sparingly on many early Iroquois sites. They scarcely survived the
coming of the white man. |

Fig. 223 shows one of several of the more common form, found
at Schenck’s Gulf, east of Palatine Bridge. ‘The perforated forms,
which are more frequent in Canada than here, were called terra
cotta beads by Sir J. W. Dawson. He was probably in error, judg-
ing from his figure, in saying that ‘a cheaper kind of bead was
made of clay, molded into ornamental discs and baked.’ Molded
clay beads, however, do exist, though his example is of a different
kind. The large perforated disk, before figured, was probably used
like the shell and stone gorget, and secured by a knotted cord
drawn through the hole.

Fig. 224 is a neatly. cut disk, made from a potsherd, and comes
from the Onondaga fort of 1600, west of Cazenovia. Similar speci-
mens are not rare there. This one has the edges smoothly cut,
but they are usually less neatly worked.

_ Fig. 225 is from the same site, and is one of the best examples
yet found, being smooth and symmetrical, and apparently the
original design. The edges are neatly rounded, and it is thicker
than the usual form. It might have been used in some game, but |
we know of none at that day requiring an article of this kind, though
some purpose it would seem to have had.

Fig. 226 is a peculiar terra cotta mask, found at Cold Spring,
Putnam county. It is of so marked a character as to have called
_ forth shrewd surmises as to its origin, and presents such a finished
appearance in full view as to lead some to think it complete in itself.
The owner, however, Mr James Nelson, of Cold Spring, says * The
back shows that it has been attached to something.’ It may there-
fore be placed with those fragmentary figures from pipes so often
found. A large number of fine articles of this nature might be
figured, both early and recent.

Fig, 227 is an odd relic from the mouth of Cia creek, near
Rome. It seems intended for a rude representation of the human
face, with circles for the eyes and mouth, and a long groove for the
nose,

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 137

Fig. 228 is a small terra cotta head, much like the next, and comes |
from an early historic site south of Delphi. It does not seem to
have been part of a pipe, but is much like a curious article described
by Sir J. W. Dawson in his Fossil men, from Montreal. Of these
he said, ‘The Hochelagan women, however, had a very ingenious
contrivance for hanging their pots over the fire, which deserves
notice. They had no doubt found by experience that when an
earthen pot was hung over the fire by strings or withes tied to the
outside, the flames would sometimes reach the perishable means
of suspension, and, burning it, allow the pot to fall, and its con-
tents.to be lost. Hence they contrived a mode of fastening the
cord within the throat of the vessel, where the fire could not reach
it. This hook for suspension was made in the shape of a human
head and neck, the hole for the cord being left behind the neck.
Many of these heads were found detached, and their use was not
known till the fragment illustrated was found.’ This Onondaga
fragment may be of this kind, but the practice could not have been
common. The simpler method of inserting a stick too long to be
withdrawn when turned horizontally, as a point of attachment for
the cord, would satisfy most Indian housewives. Certainly, in New
York, detached heads suitable for such uses are rare.

Fig. 229 much resembles the last, but is larger, and more sugges- .
tive of use on a pipe. It is from Jefferson county.

Fig. 230 is much more recent, but comes from the Onondaga
town of 1654. During its later occupancy European pipes found
their way there, and perhaps even at an earlier day. The material
was rare as yet, and the thrifty Onondagas, “men of business,’ as
a later French missionary called them, saw a possibility of an orna-
ment in the broken pipe stem of the white man. If slender, it was
needful only to smooth the ends; if thick and heavy, it might be
carved and made more ornamental still. The white and carved
pipe stem here shown is of unusual thickness, but early pipes varied
greatly inthis. It has been'cut in several ways.

Fig. 231 is of a generally rectangular form, though each edge is
slightly convex. It is beveled from the central square on each
side, and grooves appear on every face. It could hardly have been

138 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

used as a personal ornament, and there is no game known to which
it can be assigned, unless it might be that of the moccasin, where an
article is hid in one of three shoes by one party, to be found by
the other. It seems most reasonable to infer that similar articles
may have been used in some game.

Fig. 232 is unmistakably a complete article, found on the Nellis
farm, near Canajoharie. It is a neatly made bird of the hawk
family, broad-shouldered and with folded wings. It shows a per-
foration by which it might be suspended or worn. A conjectural
use would be that of a token or amulet, such as we know were some-
times kept by the Iroquois, much like the medicine of other nations.

Fig. 233 suggests a similar use, though of a different kind. It
was found on the Oneida river about the year 1840, and represents
a recumbent lamb with a raised head, in terra cotta, although the
ears suggest an animal of a very different nature. Ifthe first form
be allowed, it might be considered the Agnus Dei of some devout
Iroquois convert, but both the identification and use are uncertain.
It is quite probable that the Iroquois then knew little of living
lambs, while quite familiar with their representations. In any case,
this figure had probably some sacred use.

Fig. 234 is a fragment of what was apparently a large and pretty
disk, ornamented both on the edges and sides in sweeping lines.
It is of a light mud color, and was found at Brewerton. So little is
left of it that its true form and use can not now be determined, but
no secondary work appears on it.

Fig. 235 is a head from a recent Cayuga site near Mapleton, and
the projection over the eyes, as well as the general character of the
head dress, gives the impression of a helmet of steel. Caps of
similar kinds are more common among the Cayugas and Senecas
than farther east, as they longer maintained their primitive arts.
The cock’s and boar’s head are among other examples of their
terra cotta work.

Fig. 236, a, b, c, d, e, f, show Cayuga clay beads and pendants;
a being a thick disk bead, d an oblong one, and e, f, two which are

spherical. Two clay pendants appear in b, c. These are nowhere
common, |

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES 139

Fig. 237 is a clay bead from Rice’s woods, a recent site east of
Stone Arabia. None have been reported from the Onondagas and
Oneidas. Shell beads were more to their liking when they could
be had. Early antiquaries spoke of them in the Seneca territory,
and Dawson says that on islands in the St Lawrence, ‘In addition
to jars and pipes, the only frequent objects of earthenware are
small discs, perforated in the center and crenated at the edge. They
may have served as an inferior kind of wampum, or beads, or per-
haps for the playing of some game of chance.’ It may be added
that while there are many disks made from potsherds in the Toronto
collection, Mr Boyle says nothing of true clay beads, and Dr Rau
mentioned neither in his report on the Smithsonian collection.

Fig. 238 is a clay disk from Tribeshill, perforated, and with
the edges of the hole slightly raised. Its form is very near a true
circle, and it will be readily seen that this is the original design.
The age is uncertain.

Fig. 239 is a very pretty disk of unusual character, found a quar-
ter of a mile above the bridge at Canajoharie. It is not perforated,
but there is a circular indentation near the center, whence six
grooves radiate like a star. These are connected by concentric
grooves, four in number. - The edge is crenated, and the whole
effect pleasing. Its use is conjectural, but it is quite likely the
Indian who made it had seen circles and six-pointed stars laid out
with compasses, though he did not use them on this.

Fig. 240 is a wolf’s head of clay, having almost a yellowish glaze.
It was probably part of a pipe, but is remarkable for its high finish.
It was found at the recent stockade south of Delphi. Many pipes of
that period have well polished surfaces. It may be added that all
these miscellaneous figures are of actual size.

In one detached human head from near the mouth of Oneida
creek, where a crest crosses the head longitudinally after the man-
ner of the Cheveux-relevez, the small and protuberant eyes are darker
and more polished than the face, and have the appearance of inlaid
beads. The head, however, probably came from a pipe. The boar’s
head sometimes occurs, as that animal soon attracted attention, not
always favorable. When the Mohawk chief, Kiotsaeton, addressed

a

I40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

the French governor, July 2, 1645, urging him to make a settle-
ment in the Mohawk country, he said, “ Leave these stinking pigs,
which run among your habitations, which eat nothing but what is
filthy, and come and eat of good victuais with us.’ A small boar’s
head from an Iroquois site in the Seneca country is very accurately
worked out, and has also the remarkable feature of being hollow.
The Senecas alone seem to have made heads in this way.

It will thus be seen that New York aboriginal work in clay took
a very narrow range outside of pipes and pots. Small amulets,
disks and beads comprise nearly everything that was made, and
examples of these are few in number. The reason is obvious. Pots
and pipes of necessity being made of clay were often finely adorned;
for mere ornament they chose more showy and less fragile
materials.

Fig. 147a is inserted out of its proper place, and is somewhat
reduced, being 24 inches long. It is a curious article, broken at
the broad end and sharpened at the other. It is a little wider the
other way. In appearance it is precisely like the frequent punches
made from sharpened prongs of antlers, but is of clay, the neat
pointing having been made before burning. Its purpose, of course,
was the same as that of the horn punch, but why clay was used
when horn was abundant is a puzzle. The owner thought it the leg
of a pot. It was found in the vicinity of Canandaigua lake, and its
occurrence suggests how many odd forms may come to our knowl-
edge through closer observation. ;

A general view has thus been given of aboriginal se in clay
in New York. It is necessarily somewhat summary in treatment,
leaving out many fine pipes, specially, because these are so many
that typical examples alone can be given. In the hard work of
cataloguing, Mr Richmond has never lost sight of making notes of
place and history, whenever possible, an indispensable feature in
study of this kind. Future students will appreciate what has been
so faithfully done, and the New York collection will have a value
altogether above the beauty and variety of its articles. The aid
of all is asked in making it more complete.

EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES I4I

ADDENDA
It is expected that additions will be made to the types of articles
published in these preliminary bulletins, and these may be occa-
sionally noted. One of interest is an obsidian leaf-shaped knife,
24 inches long, recently found on the Seneca river, being the first
one reported in the state. One had been found in Pennsylvania
before this, but otherwise this material is not known in the east.
It is thus a notable find. |

Among articles of polished stone is a rare form of wide distribu-
tion in Ohio, one of which has been found in Canada, and now one
appears in the state collection at Albany, having been found in
Genesee county. It is a spherical piece of striped slate, with a
large perforation smallest at one:end. In this one the stripes run
around the stone, which is a little over 2 inches in diameter. The
peculiarity is a longitudinal groove in one side of the stone, the
edges being neatly rounded.

Another notable article is a tapering cylindric granite pestle from
Canajoharie, belonging to Mr Richmond. It is 264 inches long,
and 24 thick in the largest part. About 34 inches from the small
end it is perforated. One of Mr Richmond’s recent acquisitions is
a beautiful and unusually long stone pipe of greenish gray slate,
from the town of Palatine. It is 9 inches long.

Two large grooved boulders from Onondaga county have been
placed near the cases at Albany. The straight uniform grooves in
these are commonly supposed to have been used in arrow making.
In one of the cases is a flat pebble similarly grooved, which comes
from the Genesee valley. This article has not been reported so far
west before, nor are small ones anywhere common. This is 6
inches long by 22 broad. Usually they are large stones, not in-
tended to be moved. ;

From the Cayadutta site Mr Robert M. Hartley, of Amsterdam,
has a small ornament of slate, less than I inch in extent, of the
general figure of the butterfly banner stones, but it probably belongs
to a very different class, although strongly suggestive of this. In
any case it is of much interest, as are some other small slate orna-
ments found at the same place.

142 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

An examination of a collection in Jefferson county, near Water-
town, shows curious forms. in pottery. The narrow projecting
angles of some vessels extend outward 2} inches, and may have
served for handles. Two examples of open handles occur, but of
different forms. There is one small perforated disk. Several pipes
of the Jefferson county types have recently-been found in Onon-
daga, and the early relations of the two groups are now more
distinct. .

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The superior figure tells the exact place on the page in ninths ; e. g. 843 means three

ninths of the way down page 84. Dates are printed in italics.

Abbott, C. C., pottery found by, 843.
Algonquins, potstone used by, 758.

Alton, J: J., quoted, 83},

Amulets, 1382.

Andastes, 869.

Animal forms used in decoration, 789-791.
Auringer, O. C., quoted, 1103.

Baldwinsville, pottery, 898, 984, 992;
pottery found near, 93%, 947, 95%, 958,
1021; pipes found near, 1213, 1216,
124°, 125°, 1271, 127°, 1289-201.

Barber, E. A., quoted, 1123, 1162.

Bark, vessels of, 757, 763.

Beads, description of plates, 1389-39}.

Binghamton, pipes found in, 1218, 1281.

Boughton hill, pipe found on, 1184, 120°,

Boulders, description, 1418.

Brass kettles, 803, 928.

' Brewerton, pottery, 943, 959, 979, 1008;
pipes found in, 1176, 1219-221, 1252;
disk found in, 1388.

Broome county, see Binghamton.

Calumets, first appearance, 79°.

' Calver, W. L., quoted, 107%.

Canada, pottery, 817, 843. See also
Hochelaga,

Canada creek, relic found near, 1369.

Canadian Indians, use of earthenware,
762,

Canajoharie, pottery found near, 1051;
pipes, 1251, 1285; amulet, 1382; clay
disk, 139°; pestle, 1415,

Canandaigua lake, inclosures of clay in
sepulture, near, 798; punch found near,
1404,

Cattaraugus county, earthworks, 867,
Cayadutta fort, pottery, 1087; ornament
found in, 1418, 3
Cayuga county, pottery, 1033;
found in, 1166, 1224, 1227, 1257,
also Mapleton ;

pipes
See

Scipio; Scipioville ;
Union Springs; Venice.

Cayuga lake, pipes found near, 1232, 1258,
1269,

Cazenovia, pottery found near, 934, 973,
1027, 1041, 1044, 1054;
1249-251, 1281,
site of z600,

pipes, 1211,
See also Onondaga

Chautauqua county, earthworks, 867.

Clay (town), pipes found in, 1241,

Clay, sun-dried, 752; baked or burned,
751, 797-808; inclosures in sepulture,
798-802.

Clay beads, see Beads.

Clay disks, see Disks.

Clay pipes, see Pipes.

See also Earthenware.

Clinton county, see Plattsburg.

Cold Spring, terra cotta mask found at,
1367,

Collections of earthenware, 827; of pipes,
1313, 1317, 135°; in Jefferson county,
1421,

Copper pipes, 79®, 833,

Crone collection, 1313.

Cross lake, pipes found near, 1303,

Dawson, Sir J. W., quoted, 819-821,
1362, 1372.

Decoration, see Ornamentation.

Delphi, pottery found near, 934; articles
found in, 1371, 1397.

144

Dexter, pipes found in, 1278.

Disks, where found, 818, 826; descrip-
tion of plates, 138°-366, 1386, 1394.

Douglass, A. E., collection of pipes, 1304,
135°.

Durant, E. J., quoted, 799-8ol.

Earthenware, antiquity of, 804, 863-377 ;
color, 754, 811;
divisions, 754; depth of excavations,
804; fineness of work, 77!; forms,
$07-816 ; local differences in forms, 76°,
806, 845, 855; illustrations, 878-112;
making, 778-794; size of vessels, 819,

used in cooking, $12;

828, 1098. See also Ornamentation.

East Aurora, pipes found in, 123%.

East Syracuse, pipes found in, 1253, 129°.

Ephratah, pipes found in, 124”.

Erie county, pipes found in, 1237.
also Kast Aurora,

Eskimos, potstone used by, 759-761.

Fabius, pottery, 91°; pottery found near,
969, 97°.

Faces, used in decoration, 789-791, 825,
829, 854, 929, 93°, 94°, 963, 968, 1035;
on pipes, 1151.

Farley’s Point, pipes found in, 1178, 1258,
1269.

Fenner, pipes found in, 1198.

Fish Creek, pottery found near, 843.

Fonda, pottery found near, 1087,

Fort Hill, pottery, 1069; pipes found on,
1272,

Fort Plain, pottery found near, 1002, 1015,
1022, 1026, 1052,

Frey, S. L., quoted, 772.

Frey’s Bush, pipes found in, 1288,

Fulton county, pits of clay, 772; pottery,
IoI2, 104°, 104", 1049; pipes found in,

1247, See also Ephratah.

Garoga Creek, pottery, 1017, 104°.
Genesee county, pipes found in, 1315,
132°; polished stone articles found in,
1413, See also Fort Hill; Le Roy.
Gookin, Daniel, quoted, 79?.

Gosnold’s voyages, quotation from, $37.

‘NEW YORK STATE

MUSEUM

Hartley, R. M., collection, 1418.

Henderson Harbor, pottery, 1028, 1045.

Hildburgh, L. W., collections of pottery,
1098,

Hochelaga, pottery, 762, 819-826; pipes,
77°; disks, 818,

Hoffinan’s Ferry, pipes found in, 1264,

Holmes, W. H., quoted, 765, 783.

Honeoye Falls, pipes found in, 1327.

Hough, E. B., quoted, 829,

Hudson, Henry, quoted, 798.

Hudson river, earthenware found near,
1103,

Human figure in ornamentation, 946,

Hutchinson, Thomas, quoted, 793.

Indian Fort, pipes found in, 1208, 1235,
1268,

Indians, distinction between rich and
poor, 808,

Iroquois, potstone used by, 758; country
occupied by, 834, 368-878; removals of

villages, 874.

Jefferson county, pipes found in, 848,
1182, 119°, 1231, 1232, 1242, 1276, 1307,
1323, 533%). \134"-35e5
866: pottery, 879, 883, 903, 916, 988,
993, 99%, roz9, 1028, 1056; clay disks

earthworks,

found in, 1358-361; terra cotta head
found in, 1376; collections, 1421. See
Harbor ;
Le Ray; Pierrepont manor; Rodman ;
Rutland; Watertown.

also Dexter; Henderson

Kaneenda, pottery, 103%.

Kellogg, Dr D. S., collection of vessels,
827,

Kendaia, pipes found in, 122%,

Knife, description, 141}.

Lenox, pipes found in, 1186.

Le Ray, pipes foundin, 1278,

Le Roy, pipes found in, 1272.
Lima, pottery, 109°.

Livingston county, see Lima.

Long Island, earthenware, 838-841.

Madison county, pipes found in, 1186,
1198, 1287, 130%. See also Cazenovia;

Fenner; Lenox; Munnsville.

INDEX TO MUSEUM BULLETIN 22

Mapleton, terra cotta head found near,
13387.

Mask, terra cotta, description of plate,
1367.

Massawomekes, 871.

Megapolensis, Johannes, quoted, 79°.

Minden, see Otstungo.

Minguas, 869.

Mississippi valley, pottery, 76°, 306.

Mohawks, removals of villages, 874.

Monroe county, see Honeoye Falls.

Montgomery county, pottery, 1037, 1054;
pipes found in, 1248. See also Canajo-
harie; Fonda; Fort Plain; Frey’s Bush;
Palatine Bridge; Stone Arabia; Tribes-
hill; Wagner’s hollow.

Montreal, see Hochelaga.

Moseley, C. F., collection, 131°.

Munnsville, pipes found in, 1262, 1266,
1287,

Names of vessels, 1107.

Nelson, James, quoted, 1367.

New England states, pottery, 83}.
New Jersey, pottery, 769, 843.

New York city, pottery, 837, 1072-88.
Nichols’ pond, pipes found near, 1214.

Ogdensburg, pottery found near, 108%.

Ohio, pottery, 829, $34.

Oneida county, see Fish Creek ; Rome.

Oneida lake, pottery found near, 92?,
roof, 1025,

Oneida river, articles found near, 138°,
1398.

Onondaga, pottery, 93!; pipes found in,
1184, 1422,

Onondaga Hill, pipes found in, 1297.

Onondaga county, pottery, 912; boulders
found in, 141°,
Brewerton; Clay; Delphi; East Syra-

See also Baldwinsville ;

cuse; Fabius; Onondaga; Pompey;
South Onondaga.

Onondaga lake, pottery found near, 90°,
918, 1009, 1034.

Onondaga site of z600, pipes, 1212, 122° >
clay disks found near, 1364.

Onondaga village of 2677, pottery, 92°;
pipes found in, 1158, 1164, 1306, 1308.

ee

145

Ontario county, pottery, 1016, 1032; pipes
found in, 1215. See also West Bloom-
field.

Orleans county, see Shelby.

Ornamentation of vessels, 767, 784~79],
809, 821, 856; illustrations, 878-1122;
highest achievement of Iroquois, 927;
of pipes, 114?-153,
forms ; Faces.

Oswego county, see Oswego Falls; Phoe-
nix; Sandy Creek.

Oswego Falls, pottery, 1001; pipes found
in, 1299-30,

See also Animal

Otstungo site, pottery, 1002, 1026; pipes
found on, 1203, 1244, 1248, 1284.

Otter Creek valley, pottery, 1063.

Owego, pipes found in, 1261.

Palatine Bridge, pottery found near,
95°, 1056, 1067; pipes found near, 1416,
1169; clay disks found near, 1362.

Palatine Church, pottery found near, 1054.

Pebble, description, 1417.

Peck, R. M., collections, 1313.

Pennsylvania, pottery, 768, 872.

Pestle, description, 141°.

Phoenix, pipes found in, 1282.

Pierrepont manor, pottery, 1o19,

Pipes, color, 1147; decoration, 789-791,
1143-158; description of plates, 1158-
35°, 1377; European, used by Indians,
115°; forms, 847-855; materials, 794;
resemblances between New York and
Canadian types, 77°; stone, 794, 851,
1132, 1151; trumpet, 1152; early use,
1123; wampum, 1158;
pipe, 1317-322.

Pits of clay in Fulton county, 772.

Washington

Plates, description, 879-1122; or pipes,
1158-359; clay disks, 1358-366, 1386,
1394; beads, 1389, 1391.

Plattsburg, pottery, 9904.

Polished stone articles, 1413. ,

103°; pottery found

near, 969; pipes found in, 1188, 1208,

1222, 1235, 1268.

Pompey, pottery,

Potstone, use of, 758.
Pottery, see Earthenware.

\

146

Prescott, pottery, 817.
Putnam county, masks found in, 1367.
See also Cold Spring.

Rice’s woods, pottery, 95%, 1055, 1067;
pipes found in, 1169; clay bead found
in, 1391.

Richmond, A G., collections, 1067, 1415;
work for state museum, 1312.

Rodman, pipes found in, 119°.

Rome, pipe found near, 1168.

Rutland, pipes found in, 1233, 1277.

St Lawrence county, sce Ogdensburg.

Salt vessels, 78°.

Sandy Creek, pipes found in, 133-342.

Saratoga county, pipes found in, 1318.

Savannah, pottery found near, 1069.

Schenectady county, see Hoffman’s Ferry.

Schoharie county, pipes found in, 118},
1283,

Scipio, pipe found in, 1168.

Scipioville, pottery, 103*; pipes found in,
1171, 1179-181, 1259-261,

Seneca county, pottery, 993; pipes found
in, 1201, See also Kendaia.

Seneca Indians, removals of villages, 875.

Seneca River, pottery found near, 88+,
89, 901, 90%, g11, 923, 937, 98%, 1008,
1o1l, ro18, 1042, 1066; pipe found near,
1193, 1254, 1256, 1292, 1302; knife
found near, 141}.

Shelby, fort in, 864.

Sherman’s hollow, pipes found in, 1257.

Skaneateles lake, pipes found near,.119".

Smith, Capt. John, quoted, 113°.

Soapstone, see Potstone.

South Onondaga, pipes found in, 1297.

Specimens, representative, 858; desired
for state museum, 861; in state collec-
tion, 1109-122.

State museum, specimens desired for, 861;
illustrations from collection, 1109-12? ;
collection of pipes, 135”.

Steatite, see Potstone.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

| Stone, W. L., quoted, 84?; collection,

131,

Stone, vessels of, 757,

Stone Arabia, pipes found in, 1283; clay
bead found near, 1391.

Stone pipes, 794, 851, 1132, 1151.

Terra cotta head, description of plate,
137}.

Terra cotta mask, description of plate,
1367.

Thousand Islands, pipes found on, 1279,
1208.

Tioga county see Owego.

Tobacco, usages connected with, 1137
143,

Tobacco pipes, sce Pipes.

Tooker, W. W., quoted, 838, 1099102,

Tribeshill, clay disk found in, 1394.

Trumpet pipes, 115%.

Twining, J. S., collections, 1313, 1358.

Union Springs, pipes found in, 11094,
1237, 1238.

Van Epps, P. M., quoted, 1264.
Venice, pipes found in, 1227.

Vermont, pipes, $52.

Vessels of earthenware, see Earthenware.

Wagner’s hollow, pottery found near,
939-941, 944, 964, 97°, 1023.

Wampum pipes, 1158.

Washington pipe, 1317-322.

Watertown, pottery, 998.

Wayne county, see Savannah.

West Bloomfield, pottery, 1016, 1032, 1043,
1049, 105%, 109%, 1112; pipes found in,
1172, 1204, 1324, 1328.

Weymouth, Capt. George, quoted, 798.

Williams, Roger, quoted, 792, 113%.

Wisconsin, pottery, 768.

Wyman, Prof., quoted, 781.

Yates county, pipes found in, 1257. See

also Sherman’s hollow.

University of the State of New York

. B UME PN
New York State Museum

VOLS 5° -Ne:- 23

14th Report

s -INJURIOUS AND OTHER INSECTS

STATE OF NEW YORK

1898

By

EPHRAIM PORTER FELT, D. ‘Sc.
Acting State Entomologist

ALBANY
UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
1898

CORTENES

Introductory --o-<.---- --- -----—=-

Transmittal 2. ~ 328 pose ee ee
General entomologic features .....
Bim-leafiibectle --2-=< 22 ==. Sao =-
San Jose scale =e 22 5e cee cipeee
Office publications..22-22< -o.---~
OmeeiweEk s\-4-oc ae Ge seen eS
Collectian’ Gfinseeis 22222. 4s---2-
Division dibtarys chen sess ons oo
fs Ae Lanier ay eee cea oa
Acknowledsments..- 22250520 2...
injuriousinsects @3*-6 +42 32.7552"
Byturus unicolor, the pale brown

By teres oe eet es eee eeiess
Trypeta canadensis, the goose-

berry fant iy. oh ee ee
Notolophus leucostigma, the white-

marked tussock moth -.-...-...
Chisiocampa americana, the ap-

ple-tree tent caterpillar | o2o+.2 22
Clistocampa disstria, the forest tent

caterpillar foe esajeuke ote Seees.

Mamestra picta, the zebra cater-

pillar

®
: PAGE
Aylina antennata Walker....---- 207
Lecanium tulipiferae, the tulip-tree
scale... S23. occet tee 213
Lepisma domestica, bristle-tail: fish
moth wo... --4os bse 216
Eurypelma hentzit, the molting of
a tarantula... oe 219
Hints about insecticides -2-23saeeee 221
How insects feed 5.22 S2aaeeeeees 221

Operation of contact insecticides.. 222
Useless remedies: ..~. 2222 eee

Preventives. ....-. 33-256 eee 223
Need of experiment [_7-82-pe-es— 223
Arsenical compounds ..-....--. nee
Internal and contact insecticides
combined 2. Ss. 446. eee eee 226
Contact insecticides ..........c--- 226
Fumigation -.-..--..) 3333s 228

Some insects of the year in New York
State 23.5 <-25,---= = ee 225
List of publications of the entomolo-

‘

DISt 82. case cee nde ee
Contributions to the collection in 1898, 255
Explanation of plates. . .22 5222 eeeeueer
Index 2.2.2.2. S-0, 425 55082

aA general account and bibliography is given of each.

> |

»

ee) ee eee ee ee

New York State Museum

147TH REPORT

OF THE

STATE ENTOMOLOGIST
1898

OFFICE OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST
Albany, October 15, 1898

To the Secretary of the University of the State of New York:

I have the honor of presenting herewith my report on the injurious
and other insects of the state of New York, for the portion of the present
year ending October 15, 1898.

General entomologic features. The year has been characterized
by excessive damages to trees in both city and country. Reports have
been received from many localities of widespread injuries by the tent
caterpillars, Cliszocampa americana Fabr. and C, dsstria Hiibn. The
white-marked tussock moth, Votolophus leucostigma Sm.-Abb., was
reported as unusually destructive to shade trees in various parts of
the state, while in Albany its injuries have been greater than for
several years. A remarkable outbreak occurred at Schenectady, the
light green larvae of Xylina antennata Walker appeared in such num-
bers that a large portion of the many soft maples in that city was
defoliated. Such destructive work by this species has never been
recorded, and isa striking example of what a comparatively harmless
insect can do, provided the conditions are favorable. Another interest-
ing feature was the presence of zebra caterpillars, Wamestra picta Harris,
in such abundance on recently gathered timothy hay as to literally cover
it. Hitherto, this pest has been regarded as an enemy to cabbage and
related garden crops, more rarely attacking other plants. The leaves of
many elms have been seriously injured by an unknown leaf miner. The
cottony maple-tree scale, Pulvinaria innumerabilis Rathvon, has been
extremely abundant and destructive throughout the state, affecting the
soft maples most seriously. The destructive brown dpricot scale of
California, Lecanium armeniacum Craw, was discovered in Erie county on

154 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

grapevine. Its eradication was recommended, and it is believed that it
has been effected.

Elm-leaf beetle. The widespread injuries for the last few years by
the elm-leaf beetle along the Hudson river valley, induced the prepara-
tion of an illustrated museum bulletin (Museum bulletin 20) on this most.
pernicious insect, which was issued in the middle of July, at a time when
the extremely destructive work of the insect was apparent to all. The
demand for this bulletin indicates a general interest in the methods of
controlling this species. In addition, a number of articles treating of .
this pest have been sent to local papers and addresses delivered in adja-
cent places at several meetings called for the special purpose of consider-
ing the best manner of subduing this insect. It is hopedthat the agitation
of this year will lead to more effective control another season.

San Jose scale. The recent law placing the inspection of all nursery
stock in the state under the direction of the commissioner of agriculture,
has emphasized the intimate relations that should continue to exist
between this office and his department. While the law was designed
primarily to prevent the spread of this scale insect, Aspidiotus perniciosus
Comstock, it was so drawn as to include ‘ dangerously injurious insects,”
and to the entomologist the commissioner gave the delicate task of deter-
mining what species came within the scope of the law. In addition, my
opinion has been asked in regard to cases in which appeal from the
decision of the inspector had been made to the commissioner of agricul-
ture, and many examples of scale insects were submitted to me for
determination. When it is stated, that in order to be positive in regard
to the identity of a scale insect, in many cases the creature must first be
treated with potassium hydrate and a microscopic preparation made,
some idea of the time occupied by this work will be gained.

Office publications. In addition to the bulletin on the elm-leaf
beetle, the early part of the year was largely occupied by the work inci-
dent to the publication and distribution of the late Dr Lintner’s 12th
report, for the year 1896, and preparation of his 13th report, for the year
1897, now in press. The prominent place among economic entomolo-
gists occupied by Dr Lintner, and the most excellent character of all his
work, rendered it very desirable that his numerous publications should
be made accessible to all, so far as possible. Therefore, in addition toa
short notice of his life, a bibliography of his writings, giving ,a_ brief
abstract, title, place and date of publication, and a general index of his
13 reports, based on the extended one in that for 1894, have been pre-
pared as a supplement to this report, and will appear in a subsequent
bulletin. As much of this work had to be done in the early summer, at a

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 1595

time when field work could most profitably be undertaken, original
investigation was necessarily somewhat limited.

Office work. The routine office work of the division ‘during the past
summer has been heavier than at any time since my connection with the
office. Without attempting any radical innovations, it has been my aim
to render services of the greatest practical value to the public. The
numerous calls for information from all quarters indicate that my efforts
hive been greatly appreciated. The demand for press notices, mainly
agricultural, has been greater than that recorded any previous year.
Abstracts of my principal publications, 72 in number, are given in a sub-
sequent portion of this report. The presentation in agricultural and
other journals of reliable information regarding insects should be encour-
aged, as it brings the recommendations before farmers and others at a
time when they are of the greatest value, which is not always true of bul-
letins and reports. Considerable attention has been paid to this branch of
the work with most gratifying results. A large portion of these notices have
appeared in the Country gentleman, one of the best agricultural weeklies,
-but in no case has preference been shown to any paper. Every request
for information has received due attention. The correspondence has
been unusually heavy. The number of letters received since January 1
is 748%, and the number written is 1199. Most of the queries resulted
from a general desire for information, though some were due to exces-
sive ravages by tent caterpillars and other insects.

‘The work of the division has been greatly facilitated by the assign-
ment to it of a junior clerk, Miss M. I. Bull, whose services, though she
had no previous entomologic training, have been a great aid, relieving
me of considerable clerical work and thus allowing time for more import-
ant duties. The purchase of a good field camera constitutes a valuable
addition to the equipment of the office.

Collection of insects. The state collection of insects remains prac-
tically as it was at the beginning of the year, with additions as given later
in this report. The pressing duties of the office during the past few years
have prevented much desirable work being done on the collection.
Since my connection with the University, a number of new boxes have
been bought, most of the insects referred to their various families, and in
a few instances, those of a family have received their generic and specific
labels. A beginning has also been made on a biologic collection, some-
thing the late Dr Lintner had been laboring to bring about for years.

a The death of Dr Lintner at the time the rath report was issued, deterred many from
acknowledging its receipt, thus reducing the number of letters received. The cards accompanying

the reports were counted, as previously, hence the discrepancy between the letters received and
written.

156 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The accommodations provided for the collection are far from adequate.
During the past 18 years a vast amount of material has been accumulat-
ing, and when properly worked up, will be found a mine of information,
The state collection needs more room. At present, part is in wooden
trays with glass tops and part in pasteboard boxes. A first class box or
tray should be decided on and then the whole collection overhauled,.
classified and rendered accessible to the public. At present the speci-
mens are threatened with injury on account of dampness, the result of a
leaky roof, or they may be destroyed by museum pests, as none of the
trays or boxes are as tight as they should be. The work on the biologic
collection should be pushed, special attention being paid to the forms of
economic importance. An exhibit of this character would prove a most
important educational factor, and would be of the greatest practical value
to all in the vicinity. If, in addition to this, some plan were devised
whereby small biologic collections could be prepared and either tempo-
rarily lent to granges or other organizations interested in the advance-
ment of applied science or placed on exhibition at farmers’ institutes,
fairs and other gatherings, specially if in charge of one competent to
explain the salient points in the life history of the various forms, a moderate
outlay would not only advance the agricultural interests of the state, but
would also bring the office into closer touch with those whom it is.
designed to serve.

The private collection belonging to the late incumbent is still in the
office and would be an invaluable addition to the state collection, con-
taining, as it does, many rare and unique forms.

Division library. To-obtain the best results, it is absolutely neces-
sary to have a good library at hand. During his tenure of office, the
late Dr Lintner depended for reference very largely on his private
library, a collection of books and papers that has few, if any, equals, so:
far as economic entomology is concerned. Many of the books are rare,
and several of the sets of serial publications are supplementary to those
belonging to the state. If possible, it should be bought for this
division.

J. A. Lintner. In the death of Joseph Albert Lintner, Ph. D.,.
the state sustained a great loss and the science of economic entomology
was called on to mourn a leader. It is hoped that the grand work begun
by him 18 years ago will be carried on, and that the practical side of the
science will ever be kept in mind.

Acknowledgments. At this time I wish to acknowledge the many
favors and courtesies received at the hands of Dr L. O. Howard, chief
of the division of entomology at Washington, and his associates. Every

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 157

request, either for the name of an insect or for further information regarding
it, has been promptly honored. The advantage of such a central bureau,
where a number of specialists are constantly working on certain orders or
families, can be appreciated only by those who have some conception of
the immense number of insects and of the utter impossibility of identifi-
cation of all the varied forms by one person. In conclusion, I wish to
express my appreciation of the opportunities afforded me by the regents
during the past few months, and for the support that has been given my
every effort to render this office of greater practical value.
: Respectfully submitted

EPHRAIM PORTER FELT
Acting state entomologist

158 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

INJURIOUS INSECTS

BYTURUS UNICOLOR Say
Pale brown Byturus

Ord. Coleoptera: Fam. Dermestidae

A number of examples of this small beetle were brought to me May
23, by Dr C. H. Peck, state botanist, with the information that from
one to five or more were to be found in the opening buds of his rasp-
berry plants. A little later he informed me that his bushes had been
injured to a considerable extent by the work of this species. The attack
is of considerable interest, as there is no record of its having proved
injurious since 1870, when Dr Fitch noticed briefly the work of its larvae
upon the fruit. Lack of record by no means indicates its absence; on
the contrary it is more probable that considerable of the unknown injury
to raspberry plants, indicated by failure to bear well, has been caused by
the work of this insect.

Injuries and distribution. The beetles not only eat into the fruit
buds of the plant, thereby destroying the berry at its inception, but,
according to Dr Packard, may also eat long strips in the leaves. Dr
Fitch states that the white larvae of the insect are very common on the
fruit throughout the country, their presence rendering the berries unfit
for food. The earliest injuries known are those in Massachusetts and
New York in 1870, the former by the beetles to the leaves and fruit buds
and the latter by the larvae to the fruit itself. In 1873, William
Saunders reported this species as very destructive to the blossoms,
presumably in the vicinity of Ottawa, Canada. At Lansing, Mich.,
much damage was inflicted on raspberry blossoms by this or a closely
allied species in 1885, according to Prof. C. P. Gillette. The beetles
were again destructive in Canada in 1887, appearing in numbers and
doing considerable damage to the buds and flowers (Fletcher). In her
15th report for the year 1893, Miss Ormerod records serious and wide-
spread injuries to raspberries in England by the closely allied Ayfurus
tomentosus. The damage done in England may be taken as an indica-
tion of the injury that our American form may possibly inflict. Besides
feeding on the raspberry, &. uzicolor was observed by Prof. Webster eat-
ing out the blossom buds of a species of Geum, either rzvale or album.

a eee ee

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 — 159

LeConte and Horn (see citation) state that but one species, obviously
B. unicolor, occurs in the Atlantic district. The present record indicates
that it is pretty well distributed over the eastern United States and
extends north into Canada.

Description. The beetles are about 4+ inch long, subcylindric, and

. of a pale reddish brown color. With a lens, the dense, rather long |

pale, tawny hairs covering the entire upper surface are easily distin-
guished; the vestiture of the under surface is shorter.

The larva has been described by Dr Fitch as follows:

When examined with a magnifying glass, these worms are found to be

plump and cylindric, slightly tapered at each end, and nearly ~ inch

in length when fully grown. They are white, each segment having on
the back a broad, pale, tawny yellow band occupying more than half its
surface, and being also furnished with a few short, erect, whitish hairs.
The mouth is darker, tawny yellow. On the breast are three pairs of
legs, but none on the body back of these, except at the tip, which is
prolonged into a single proleg of a short conic form, and blunt at its
end; and on the apex of the last segment, above the base of the proleg,
are two minute projecting points, appearing like two deep red dots.

Life history. The beetles occur on the raspberries the latter part of
May, and in Massachusetts till after the middle of June, as stated by
Dr Packard. The eggs are probably laid on the developing fruit, as is
recorded by Miss Ormerod of the related B. tomentosus. The following
notes on its life history are based on records by Dr Fitch. ‘The larvae
are usually found lying on the inner side of the cup or cavity in the
berry. When full grown they drop to the ground or fall with the fruit
and transform to pale, dull, yellowish pupae under leaves or other rub-
bish, where they remain till the following May. Miss Ormerod states
that B. comentosus pupates under the sheltering bark of the raspberry or
in some similar place. It is possible that our species also pupates to
some extent on the canes.

Remedies. The beetles can probably be controlled by spraying
with an arsenite. Hand picking or beating them from the bushes into
pans containing water and a little kerosene, has also been recommended.
The latter will be more effective if done in the cooler part of the day, as
the beetles will be less likely to take flight. There are no effective
means of dealing with the larvae. If the insect becomes numerous in a
patch, it might be advisable to burn all the trimmings and rubbish, in
order to destroy as many of the hibernating individuals as possible.

160 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Bibliography

Say, Thomas. Academy of natural sciences of Philadelphia.
Journal. 1823. 3: 197 (original description); the same in his complete
writings: 1683. 2: 126,

Packard, A. S. Guide to the study of insects. 1869. p. 448
(mention); Injurious insects, new and little known. Mar. 1870.
p- 12, 13, pl. 1, fig. 12 (injuries to raspberries).

Fitch, Asa. N. Y. State agricultural society. Transactions. 1870.
1872. 30: 358-360 (brief account of its injuries).

Saunders, William. Entomological society of Ontario. Report.
1873. 1874. p.10,11 (brief general account); Insects injurious to fruits.
1903) ) 4489) “p!3ro, sri, lis. 422/(biter account).

Jayne, H. F. American philosophical society. Proceedings. 1883.
20:345, 346, pl. 1, fig. 1-4 (description).

LeConte, J. L. & Horn, G. H. Classification of the coleoptera of
North America. 1883. p. 141 (distribution).

Gillette, C. P. Rural New Yorker. 1885. 44:561 (injuries by this
or a Closely allied species).

Fletcher, James. Central experimental farm (Canada). Report of
entomologist and botanist. 1887. Separate. p. 31, fig. 21 (injuries and
remedies). ss

Smith, J. B. Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey. 1890. p. 143
(generally distributed) ; Economic entomology. 1896. p. 180, fig. 159
(brief notice).

Lintner, J. A. Insects of New York. 8th Report. 1893. p. 298
(injuring raspberry leaves and buds at New Haven, Ct.).

Webster, F. M. Ohio Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
A5...1893.. p- 189,190, .(brief general account); Insect ite; .iueas:
7:204 (feeding on Geum).

Comstock, J. H. & A.B. Manual for the study of insects. 1895.
Pp. 541, fig. 649 (brief notice). .

Chittenden, F.H. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 8 (new series). 1897. p. 14 (mention).

TRYPETA CANADENSIS Locw
Gooseberry fruit fiy
Ord. Diptera: Fam. Trypetidae

The small maggot of the gooseberry midge, Cecidomyia grossulariae
Fitch, has long been known to breed in currants and gooseberries, thus
destroying the fruit. This insect and its destructive work was described

a Volume and page references are separated by a colon, e. g. 3: 197 means volume 3, page 197.

ees

ae

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 161

and commented upon by Dr Fitch in 1854. It is only in later years,
however, that the maggot of another species of fly was detected injuring
the fruit of these plants in a very similar manner, and it is possible that
its work in earlier years was confounded with that of the gooseberry
midge.

Operations in New York state. The work of this insect was first
brought to the notice of Dr Lintner by Mrs H. D. Graves, of Ausable
Forks, N. Y., in May 1890, when the trouble was so serious in her
locality that some neighbors destroyed their currant bushes on account
of the numerous maggots infesting the fruit. Both the white and red
varieties were attacked. Again,in 1894, Mr J. G. Collett, of Camden,
N. Y., wrote that nearly all of his gooseberries fell off every year before
they were fully matured, owing to the presence of ‘a small white worm
or maggot just under the skin’ This attack could be referred to no
other than the above-named species. With such a record in the two
places where this insect has established itself in this state, it bids fair to
be as serious an enemy to the currant and gooseberry as is the closely
related apple maggot, Zrypeta pomonella, to the apple. Its injuries in
other localities where it has been found are so great that it may well be
classed as a dangerous insect pest.

Distribution. This insect has been recorded from but a few widely
separated localities, and is most probably a native form. It was origi-
nally described from Maine or Canada. Prof. Gillette found it abundant
in Colorado; it was sent to the U.S. Department of agriculture from
West Ferndale, Wash.; it has been reported recently as abundant in
that state and Dr Fletcher has long known of injuries to black cur-
rants in British Columbia by what is most probably this insect. In New
York state it has been very abundant in two localities distant from each
other and may be more generally distributed throughout the state than
is supposed.

Life history. The following account of the life history and habits of
this fly is a résumé of the detailed paper on it by Prof. Harvey (see cita-
tion), which should be consulted for farther information. The flies
were first observed by him in nature about June 1, though punctures
on the fruit at that time indicated an earlier appearance. There is but one
generation annually. The imagoes were most abundant June 9-15,
all having disappeared by the 25th. ‘The eggs are deposited singly, the
female requiring about five minutes for the insertion of each just beneath
the skin of the fruit, where they may easily be seen a little to one side of

162 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

the nearly invisible puncture, which soon becomes surrounded by a brown
areola. They are deposited most largely in the earliest berries to appear,
i. e. those at the base of the bunch. After emerging from the egg, the
young larva works its way along under the skin of the berry, usually
leaving a trail, for perhaps a third or half of the circumference, and then
in most cases enters one of the seeds. It soon becomes too large for its
refuge and may then be found lying between the seeds and feeding upon
them. Occasionally two or three larvae are found within a single
berry. The injured seeds turn black and become cemented together.
Later, the infested currants show a clouded appearance on the side,
“occasioned by the presence of the larva; soon that cheek turns red,
becomes darker and finally black. The infested berries mpen early and
drop, often before the larvae have matured, but occasionally the currants
on the bushes show the exit hole cut by the matured larva in its escape
to the ground. Many, however, remain in the fallen fruit for several
days before emerging therefrom for pupation, some for over three
weeks, though most of them forsake the berries within a week. The
larvae pupate either in the soil or under some convenient shelter on
the surface during the latter part of June or early in July, the fly appear-
ing the following spring.

Remedies. About the only satisfactory methods of fighting this
insect are the destruction of the infested fruit with the contained insect
or killing it while still in the ground. The most practical method of
controlling this species is, in most cases, to allow chickens to run among
the bushes, as they will devour much of the infested fruit. If the ground
is kept cultivated, and the fowls are allowed to scratch, many pupae
will be destroyed in this manner. Another remedy that promises to
be effective is spraying the ground under the bushes with kerosene
emulsion after the insects have pupated. If this was done just before a
rain, the emulsion would be washed into the soil and come in contact
with the pupae. This treatment should be as fatal to this insect as it
has proved in the case of white grubs in the soil.

Bibliography
Loew, Hermann. Monograph of the diptera of North America.
1873. 3: 235-38 (original description).
Osten-Sacken, C. R. Catalogue of the diptera of North America.
1878. p. 189 (listed).

Saunders, William. Insects injurious to fruits. 1883, 1889.
P- 352, 353 (brief mention).

es

ox" =
—

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 163

Gillette, C. P. Col. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin ro.
1892. p. 18-20, fig. g (brief account).

Piley i WV. 6c; Howard, L...0.)\, Insect, ite, 1 18924 14: 358
(mention).

Snow, W. A. Kansas university quarterly. 1894. 2:159 (from
Maine, as Epochra).

Harvey, F. L. Me. Agricultural experiment station. Report.
Mga a tag0., p.siti-24, ie. 7a, pl... 1,2. (extended « account,,as
Epochra\; the same in separate, p. 1-14; Me. Agricultural experiment
station, 13th Report. 1897. 1898. p.176 (more abundant than usual).

Doane, R. W. Entomological news. 1898. 9: 72 (abundant in
Washington state, as Hpochra).

NOTOLOPHUS LEUCOSTIGMA §m.—ADD.
The white-marked tussock moth

Ord. Lepidoptera: Fam. Lymantriidae

The destructiveness of this pest has been so marked and widespread
in cities and towns, and inquiries for remedies so numerous, that in spite
of the fact that it is, or should be, a well-known insect, it is deemed
desirable to notice this species at some length. Though very injurious,
it is controlled with comparative ease, and this should be kept before the
public, even at the cost of some repetition.

Ravages in 1898. This insect has proved a serious pest in a
number of cities within the state. In Albany, most of the horsechest-
nuts would have been completely defoliated had it not been for the
spraying undertaken by the municipal authorities. As it was, a large
number were seriously injured, owing to the late application of the
poison or to inability to throw the spray to the tops of the larger trees.
The leaves were nearly stripped from the lindens, and the numerous white
egg clusters give promise of greater injury another year, unless protective
measures are adopted. In parts of Troy this insect was even more
destructive than in Albany. Reports of serious ravages have been
received from other localities. Its cocoons were reported by Chester
Young, nursery inspector for the state department of agriculture, as
abundant on all kinds of trees at Woodside, L. I., which may well be
regarded as an indication of extended injuries already sustained and a
sign of worse to come. In Buffalo, this insect has become suclr a pest
that the authorities have been stirred to action, A circular has been
issued by the board of public works calling upon the citizens to collect
and destroy the egg clusters, and giving directions for the same and also

164 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

for spraying in the spring. It is expected that this call will be supple-
mented by the city fighting the pest where it is impossible for land hold-
ers to accomplish the desired object.

Injuries to fruit trees. In earlier years this was regarded as a very
serious enemy of the apple-tree in Ontario, for Rev. C. J. S. Bethune,
writing in 1871, stated that it was a bad pest, and that in the western
states it had defoliated some orchards and even attacked the fruit. In
his second report, Dr Lintner records several instances of severe injuries
to fruit trees by this species. Serious depredations have also been
reported by Mr Lowe, entomologist of the agricultural experiment station
at Geneva. In 1895 he received many complaints, specially from Yates
and Ontario counties, the larvae not only devouring the foliage, but
attacking the fruit. In the report of the station for that year, he writes
that one fruit grower estimated the loss on his apple crop at 25%.

City pest. Though this insect occurs in the country and occa-
sionally is quite destructive to fruit and other trees, it is in the cities and
towns that it flourishes and proves most injurious. ‘The cause for this is
found largely in the protection afforded by the English sparrow, which
not only fails to feed upon it, but drives away native birds that would.
A curious instance of the survival of the fittest and the danger of import-
ing some natural enemy for the purpose of keeping in check an injurious
insect,.is shown by Dr J. L. LeConte (see citation), who instances the
extermination of Lunomos subsignarius Hiibn. in Philadelphia by this
imported bird. After the destruction of Azzomos, the larvae of lVoto-
lophus found abundant food and, being unmolested by the sparrows on
account of their irritating hairs, they soon became an even worse pest
than the former species.

Description. A casual observer may have his attention arrested
by an unusually pretty caterpillar with a coral red head, a pair of
long black plumes just over it, a single one at the opposite extrem-
ity of the body, four delicate yellowish or white brush-like tufts on
its back and just behind them, separated only by a segment, two small,
retractile, red elevations. Along the back, except for the tubercles and
tufts, there is a broad black band bordered by yellowish subdorsal stripes.
Each side is dark gray, except the yellowish tubercles. A black line
indicates the position of the spiracles or breathing pores, and below this
latter line it is yellow, the legs being paler (fig. 1, a2). This gives the
general appearance of the caterpillar after it has become half or two-
thirds grown, and at a time when its depredations begin to be apparent.

,

ae ee

4 a So aa a oP ae ee

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 165

‘ The recently hatched larva is a pale yellowish or whitish creature with
long, irregular hairs. As it feeds, increases in size, and casts its skin
from time to time, one after the other of the characteristics of the full
grown larva is assumed. |

S 2)
ane O.HEIDEMAN.S.C.

Fig. 1. NOTOLOPHUS LEUCCSTIGMA. a, larva; 6, female pupa; c, male pupa; d, e, male moth;
J, female moth; g, same ovipositing ; Z,egg mass; z, male cocoons; %, female cocoons, with
moths laying eggs—all slightly enlarged (after Howard [Division entomology], U. S. Dep’t
agriculture, year book, 1895).

When maturity is reached, the larvae spin their thin cocoons in the
crevices of the bark (fig. 1, 2), interweaving their long hairs, and within
this shelter transform to yellowish white pupae more or less shaded with
dark brown or black (fig. 1, 4, ¢). .

The difference between the sexes in the adult stage is strikingly shown
by comparing in figure 1, @ and «¢, illustrations of the male, with f# that
of the female. The former is a beautiful moth with large teathery anten-
nae, the legs tufted, and the wings and body delicately marked with

166 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

several shades of gray and grayish white. On the other hand, the
female is a nearly uniform gray, with simple antennae, and but rudi-
mentary wings.

The eggs are deposited on the empty cocoon under conspicuous white
masses of froth (fig. 1, 4, 2), which soon hardens and forms a very effec-
tive protection. The individual egg is nearly spherical, about -35 mm
in diameter, white or yellowish white, and with a light brown spot sur-
rounded by a ring of the same color.

Life history. The winter is passed in the egg, the young emerging
about the latter part of May in this latitude. In his studies of this
insect, Dr Riley observed that the larvae molted seven days after hatch-
ing, and thereafter every six days till mature, males being produced
from those that passed through but four stages and females from those
exhibiting five or six. The rearings by Dr Dyar, indicate that the males
have six stages and the females six orseven. ‘The growth of the caterpillars
occupies a month or a little more, pupation occurring the latter part of
June and early in July. In Albany most of the larvae had pupated by
July 7 of the present year, and some recently deposited\egg masses were
to be seen. In New York city the eggs began to hatch May 25, 1883,
and the larvae to pupate about June 21, according to Clarkson (see cita-
tion). A few individuals spin up earlier than the mass and some do not
till numerous egg clusters indicate that most have already completed
the round of life.

From ro to 15 days are passed in the pupa state. At the end of this
period, the wingless female emerges and crawls upon her cocoon, pairing
takes place, and immediately afterwards deposition of the eggs begins,
as stated by Dr Howard. They are laid in a mass as described above,
the eggs of a cluster ranging in number from 100 to 500, as given by
several writers. In what appeared to be a good sized mass collected in
Albany, there were 330 eggs. After her full complement has been dis-
charged, the female dies and usually drops to the ground. In Albany
there is normally one annual generation, but in New York city and
vicinity and in Boston, Mass., there are two broods, while at Washington,
D. C., there are two and probably three broods each year, according to
Dr Howard.

Habits of the species. The young larvae feed upon the under sur-
face of the foliage, and as they increase in size more and more holes are
eaten, till, when full grown, all but the main ribs of the leaves are
devoured. A peculiar habit, recorded by Dr Lintner but not observed

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 ae

by others outside of Albany, is the girdling-of elm twigs by the larvae
of this insect. This is caused by their eating a portion of the bark
around the twig near the beginning of the season’s growth. The
affected tips soon die, break off, and fall in numbers to the ground. The
larvae drop from the trees readily, specially when young, suspending
themselves by silken threads, and then may be blown or carried consid-
erable distances. When nearly full grown, the caterpillars travel to a
great extent, this is said to be specially true of the larger ones, females,
and more likely to occur if they are very abundant. At such times there
may be quite a migration to other trees. The cocoons are found very
generally on the trunks and particularly on the under side of the larger
branches. The wingless females, at the time they emerge from their
cocoons, attract large numbers of the opposite sex. Dr Lintner records
an instance of one attracting 100 males within an hour. Collections at
electric lights in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., by Dr Dyar, show that the males
fly during July and into August.

Food plants. Though this insect is commonly destructive to com-
paratively few trees, it has been recorded as feeding on a number of
plants, as the following list will show: Linden, @ geranium (¢/argonium),
@grape, horsechestnut, buckeye, maples (specially the soft and Norway),
box elder, honey locust, apricot, garden plum, wild plum (/runus
chicasa), garden cherry, choke cherry, rose, pear, apple, quince, ash,
castor-oil plant, elm (several species), hackberry (Ce/#s), sycamore or
buttonwood, butternut, black walnut, hickory, oak, birch, alder, willow,
poplar, spruce, fir, larch and cypress. Though Dr Howard excludes
conifers from the food plants of this insect, the species mentioned above
are given on the authority of records by earlier writers. It is probable
that farther observation would lead to a much greater extension of this
list, and certain ones might have to be thrown out on account of the
larvae eating them only under most exceptional circumstances.

Distribution. This native species ‘ranges from Jacksonville, Fla.,
to Nova Scotia on the eastern coast and extends west certainly as far as
Keokuk, Ia., and probably farther.’ (Howard?) It has been recorded
as common in Nebraska by McMillan, and Prof. F. L. Washburn (see
citation) reports the same from Oregon.

Other forms of Notolophus. There are several other species in
the country belonging to this genus, one of which, VV. definita Packard,

“Not previously recorded to my knowledge.

o Year book. U.S. Dep't agriculture. 1895. p. 368.

108 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

has long been confused with JV. leucostigma. As an aid to the ready
identification of these interesting larvae, the following table by Dr Dyar,
is reproduced:

Synopsis of the larvae of Notolophus

Head yellow, colors im ceneraly paler. sie 2s oe ee definita .
Head red
A distinet yellow -subdorsal band yn seee eas leucostigma
Gray marks predominate, the yellow band not notice-
CUES, La pte P EN, Sad ee tie ae coe) 2 ve aay Ae ee Nee ee var. znornata
Head black

Warts crimson, brush-like tufts dark along the crest,
the yellow lines along the sides broken into spots
Oue black tat tn-younolarvas a. a. ee eee vetusta
Two Diack tuttsam youn latvarcs.-. ose tee var. cana
Warts orange, brush tufts unicolorous, yellow or
white, side lines usually continuous
A lateral black hair-pencil from joint 6........-... antigua
No. lJatetal black pencil etre ms. ioecl sees eee var. badia

Natural enemies. If the experience of later years is any criterion,
certain native birds may well be regarded as most effective natural

Fig. 2: PIMPLA INQUISITOR: @, full-grown summer larva; 4, hibernating larva ; c, mouth-parts of
larva; d, adult female ; ¢, abdomen of adult male from side—all enlarged; c, greatly enlarged-
(after Howard: U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology. Tech. ser. no. 5, 1897).

checks*upon this species. .The following are those named by Dr Lintner
as feeding upon the caterpillars of this pest: The robin, Alerula migra-
foria Linn., the Baltimore oriole, Leterus galbula Linn., the black-billed

Psyche. 1896. 7 3342.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 169

cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus Wils., and the yellow-billed cuckoo,
Coccyzus americanus Linn. It will be found true as a rule, that in cities
where these birds are absent or have been driven out by the English
sparrows, this pest flourishes, while in the country, where the native birds
are more abundant, this insect is rarely injurious.

The insect parasites of this species are extremely valuable allies and
should be encouraged in every practical manner. The recent extensive
studies of these by Dr L. O. Howard (see citation), have made valuable
and very material additions to our knowledge of these interestingforms. He
has shown that in Washington, D. C., Pimpla inguisitor Say and Chalcs
ovata Say (fig. 2, 3) are the two species most effective in controlling this
pest, ana that large numbers of the former insect hibernate as larvae
within the cocoons of the host, while in no instance was the latter para-
site reared from cocoons of /Vofolophus taken the previous winter. He

Fig. 3 : CHALCIS OVATA: a, pupa; 4, parasitized pupa of Notolophus ; c, adult; d, outline of same
from side; ¢, pupal exuvium—enlarged (after. Howard: U. S. Dep’t agriculture, Division
entomology, Tech. ser. no. 5, 1897).
has also shown that when hymenopterous parasites are comparatively
scarce, certain tachinids may destroy large numbers of this pest, the
more important being Zachina mella Walk., Frontina frenchii Will.
and Euphorocera clarifennis Macq. Besides those mentioned above,
Dr Howard gives the following as primary parasites of this species:
Limpla conguisitor Say, Pimpla annulipes Say, Amorphota orgyiae How,,
Meteorus communis Cres., Meteorus hyphantriae Riley, Limneria sp,,
Limneria valida Cres., Theronia fulvescens Brullé, Apanteles tdelicatus

170 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

How., Apanteles hyphantriae Riley, Apanteles parorgyiae Ashm., Ptero-
malus cuproideus How., Cratotechus orgytae Fitch, Zelenomus orgyiae
Fitch, Frontina aletiae Riley, Exorista griseomicans V.d. W. and Win-
themia 4-pustulata Fabr. At Washington these parasites became so
abundant that in the autumn of 1895 about 90% of the larvae were
destroyed. In addition to the above named parasites, Dr Howard records.
that /chneumon subcyaneus Cres., Ichneumon coeruleus Cres. and Allocota
thyridopterigis Riley were all observed investigating recently formed
iVotolophus cocoons and were apparently about to oviposit. The latter,
he states, is parasitic upon Pimpla.

In his study of these parasites, Dr Howard found that the conditions
were not uniform in all parts of the city of Washington, the parasitism
being more general in the vicinity of the grounds of the Department of
agriculture, where most of the observations were made, than in other
portions of the city. The difference due to locality is also shown by the
@ parasites in the state collection reared by the Jate Dr Lintner from this.
species, though his study of them was by no means so extensive as that
at Washington. The one occurring most abundantly was Zachina mella
Walk. Fimpla hirticauda Prov., a species not hitherto recorded from ~
this insect, was bred in greater numbers than any other of the larger
hymenopterous parasites. Most of the individuals belonging to this
species were reared in July, but two appearing in June and a few others
in August. /impla ingutsitor Say, P. conquisitor Say and FP. annulipes
Brullé occurred in about equal numbers. Of the smaller primary para-
sites, Preromalus cuproideus How. and an unnamed species belonging to the
same genus were about equally abundant.

Though the list of primary parasites is long and includes some very
important species, many of these are in turn the victims of enemies.
The parasites breeding in those which prey upon injurious forms must be
classed as enemies to man, since they protect a species indirectly by
destroying large numbers of its parasites. One of the most abundant of
the hyperparasites reared by Dr Howard at Washington was Dzdbrachys
boucheanus Ratz. (fig. 4), it being present in such force as to almost kill
off Fimpla inqguisitor the latter part of 1896. This species was also reared
in large numbers by Dr Lintner in 1883. It is in turn, as demonstrated
by Dr Howard, preyed upon by Asecodes albitarsis Ashm. ‘The follow-
ing is a list of the hyperparasites of JVotolophus leucostigma, as given by
Dr Howard: Hemiteles townsendi Ashm., Bathythrix meteori How.,

“Determined through the courtesy of Dr L. O. Howard.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 171

Bathythrix pimplae How., Adistola americana How., Otacustes perilita
Ashm., Habrocytus thyridopterigis Ashm., Pezomachus insolitus How.,
Spilochalcis debilis Say, Eupelmus limneriae How., Dibrachys boucheanus
Ratz., Elachistus cacoeciae How., Elasmus atratus Uow., Syntomosphy-

yum esurus Riley and Asecodes albitarsis Ashm.
A number of scavengers were reared by Dr Howard from the pupae

or masses of cocoons. The list is as follows: Aelieobia helicis Towns.

a Cc ; Z

Fig. 4 DIBRACHYS BOUCHEANUS: @, larva; 4, pupa; c, adult female—greatly enlarged; d, head
of larva; ¢, antenna of adult—still more enlarged (after Howard; Us S. Dep’t agriculture, Divi-
sion entomology. Tech. ser. no. 5, 1897). ;

Sarcophaga species, Phora nigriceps Loew, Phora incisuralis Leow, Phora

Sasciata Fall., Phora agarici Lintn., Limosina species, Homalomyia scala-
vis Fabr., Gaurax anchora Loew, Weoglaphyroptera bivittata Say and
Diplosis species. This and the preceding lists illustrate in a remarkable
degree the large number of forms that may depend more or less upon
one species, and afford interesting examples of the relations that may
exist between various insects.

In addition to these, a Eulophid was reared in some numbers from
the cocoons of (Votolophus by Dr Lintner in 1883 and 1884. A der-
mestid beetle, -erimegatoma variegatum Worn, has been recorded in
Insect life as a very effective destroyer of the eggs of JVotolophus in
California. The wheel bug, Prionodus cristatus Linn., is said to prey
upon the larvae in the southern states. The present season a mite, a
species of * Rhyncholophus, was observed eating the contents of many

eggs.

@ Determined through the courtesy of Dr L. O. Howard.

172 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies. The simplest and most satisfactory remedy is found im
gathering and destroying the egg masses. As the eggs are in a compact
mass which is readily torn from the supporting cocoon, either by hand
or some form of a scraper, the task is easily and quickly performed. Dr
Howard has recommended the use of creosote oil for the destruction of
the eggs, since each mass has only to be moistened with the substance.
In winter it is necessary to add some turpentine in order to keep the
creosote liquid. -On account of the female being wingless, a tree once
thoroughly cleaned will not become reinfested very soon if larvae are
not abundant nearby, and even then a band of loose cotton bound
tightly around the trunk will prevent their ascending and a consequent
reinfestation. It should be kept in mind that only the eggs must be
collected or destroyed, on account of the beneficial parasites which may
occur in cocoons not bearing egg masses. This is specially true in the
autumn and applies to a certain extent in the spring, since it has been
shown that some parasites hibernate as larvae within the cocoons of the
host, and if these are collected and destroyed, it means the death of
many beneficial forms. ‘The egg masses are more readily seen after the
leaves have fallen and in localities like Albany, where one annual gen-
eration is the rule, the gathering of the eggs may well be deferred till
autumn. In the case of Boston, New York city and more southern
localities, it may be necessary to collect in midsummer those laid by the
first brood of moths.

In case it is impracticable to coilect the eggs, dependence must be
placed upon spraying with some arsenical compound. This is satisfac-
tory if properly done early in the season under favorable conditions.
In many instances there will be more or.less delay and in practice it is
very difficult to have the spraying properly done, and then there may be
hindrances incident to several days or a week of rain at the time the
poison should be applied. .

Not a few wait till the trees show signs of serious injury and then
ask for some means of stopping the ravages. Resort may be had to
spraying with a larger proportion of poison in order to kill the larvae
quickly or they may be shaken from the limbs, provided the tree is not
too large. The latter means will give a certain amount of relief where
practicable and may be made more effective by the use of cotton bands.
to prevent the ascent of those shaken from the tree.

Se sO
oe. ak a

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 173

Bibliography”
Smith, J. E. & Abbott, John. Natural history of the rarer lepidop-
terous insects of Georgia. 1797. p.157, pl. 79 (original description).
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_ account); the same in Transactions New York state agricultural society.

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Morris, J. G. Catalogue of the described lepidoptera of North
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Harris, T. W. Insects injurious to vegetation. 3d ed. 1862.
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Walsh, B. D. Practical entomologist. 1865. 1:46 (brief notice).

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Packard, A. S. Guide to the study of insects. 1869. p. 288
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apple).

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entomologist. 1883. 15:186 (abundance in Canada); same in Report

@ Previously this insect has been very generally referred to the genus Orgyia.

174 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

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LeConte, J. L. Popular science monthly. 1874. 4:381. (Orgyia
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(mention), p. 429 (on elm), p. 450, 455 (reference); Insect life. 1893.
6:184 (mention); Albany institute. ‘Iransactions. 1893. 12:229
(mention); Insects of New York. roth Report. 1894. p. 481, 495
(reference), p. 515 (cocoons from South Byron, N. Y.); American asso-
ciation for che advancement of science. Proceedings. 1895. p. 156
(girdling of elm twigs by larvae); Albany evening journal. 20 July,
1895. p. 3, col. 1 (reference); Insects of New York. r1th Report.
1895. p. 121 (brief mention), p. 124-126 (girdling elm twigs), p. 264,
279 (reference); American naturalist. January. 1896. 30: 74, 75 (girdling
elm twigs); Insects of New York. 12th Report. 1896. p. 347, 350, 357
(reference).

Clarkson, Frederick. Canadian entomologist. 1883. 15: 168, 169
(ravages in New York city, parasites) ; Entomological society of Ontario.
14th Report. 1883. 1884. p. 33 (Same as preceding).

Cooke, Matthew. Injurious insects of the orchard, vineyard. 1883.
p. 87-89, fig. 58-62 (brief notice).

Forbes, S. A. Insects of Illinois. 12th Report. 1882. 1883. p. 100,
tol, fig. 20 (brief notice); —14th Report. 1884. 1885. p. 117 (men-
tion); — Appendix 17th Report. 1891. p. 8 (reference).

Grote, A. R. Canadian entomologist. 1883. 15:235 (replacing
Ennomios).

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 175

- Weed, C. M. Mich. State horticultural society. 12th Report. 1882.
1883. p. 188, 189 (brief notice); Psyche. 1888. 5:51, 52 (7impla ingut-
sitor and P. conquisitor reared); Ohio agricultural experiment station.
gth Report. 1890. 1891. p. 56, 57, fig. 3, 4 (brief notice); Insects and
insecticides. 1891. p. 133-135, fig. 65, 66 (brief account); N. H. Agri-
cultural experiment station. Bulletin 33. 1895. p. 3-6, fig. 1, 2 (brief
account).

Dimmock, A. K. Psyche. 1885. 4: 280 (on birch, bibliography) ;
— 1883. 5:29 (molts of larva),

Hulst, G. D. N. J. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 46.
1888. p. 10 (mention) ; — gth Report. 1888. 1889. p. 204-6, fig. 1
{brief account). |

McMillan, Conway. Neb. Agricultural experiment station. Bul-
feta. t, no. 2. 1888. p: 54—c0, fig. 25-27°(general account).

Riley, C. V. & Howard,L.O. Insect life. 1888. 1:161 (Aimpla
inguisitor reared); — 1890. 2: 281 (parasite); — 1890. 3: 153, 462
(parasites reared) ; — 1892. 4: 222 (a dermestid attacking eggs), 259
(Apanteles reared), 346 (Lerimegatoma variegatum an enemy) ; — 1893.
5: 213 (mention). |

Edwards, Henry. U.S. National museum. Bulletin 35. 1889. p. 63
(bibliography).

Perkins, G.H. Vt. Agricultural experiment station. 3d Report.
1889. 1890. p. 150, fig 3-5 (brief notice); Vt. State board agriculture.
t1th Report. 1890. Separate. p. 39-42, fig. 29-32 (brief account).

Smith, J. B. Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey. 1890.
p. 294 (listed); N. J. Agricultural experiment station. Report, 1889.
1890. p. 308 (mention) ; — Bulletin 103. 1894. p. 12-14, fig. 3, 4
(Drier account); — Report. 1894. 1895. p. 534-536, fig. 28, 29 (brief
account); — Bulletin 111. 1895. p.g (raupenleim or dendrolene for) ;
— Report. 1895. 1896. p. 518 (same as preceding); Economic ento-
mology. 1895. p. 268-70, fig. 290, 291 (brief account).

Dyar, H.G. Insect.life. 1891. 3:390 (mention); Psyche. 1891-
it i12, 127 (mention), 1892. p. 324, 325 (larval stages), 1893:
Pp. 420, 421, 438 (larval characters); — 1896. 7: 341, 342 (‘arval char-
acters).

Jack, J. G. Garden and Forest. 1891. 4:186 (mention); Mass.
Horticultural society. Transactions. Pt. 1. 1894. p. 144 (mention).

Pred, Gett. iusect life,’ 1891. ; 21,338 (mention).

_ Murtfeldt, M.E. U.S. Dep’t Agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 23. 1891. p. 50 (on Platanus).

Southwick, E. B. Insect life. 1891. 4:59, 60 (remedies) ; —

1894. 7: 135 (remedies); Garden and Forest. 1895. 8: 308 (remedies).

Washburn, F. L. Or. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 14.
1891. p.8,9 (common) ; —Bulletin 18. 1892. p. 8,9, fig.9 (mention).

Kellogg, V. L. Common injurious insects of Kansas. 1892. p. 96,

_ 97, fig. 53 (brief general notice).

176 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Kirby, W. F. Synonymic catalogue of Lepidoptera heterocera.
1892. p. 495 (listed).

Chambliss, C. E. Tenn. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin.
v.6,no. 1. 1893. p 14-16, fig. 8-ro (brief general account).

Fernald, C. H. Mass. (Hatch) agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 20. 1893. p. 13-16, fig. 11-13 (brief account).

Slosson, A. T. New York entomological society. Journal. 1893.
1:4, I51 (mention).

Hancock, J. L. American naturalist. 1894. 38: 326-28, fig. r
(popular account of ravages in Chicago).

Neumoegen, Berthold & Dyar, H.G. New York entomological
society. Journal: 1894. 2:30 (synonymy).

Slingerland, M. V. Insect life. 1894. 7: 267, 268 (collecting egg
masses at Rochester); Cornell agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
133. 1897. p. 255 (Winthemia 4-pustulata reared from).

Coleman, W.H. Country gentleman. 1894. 59:439 (cocoons col-
lected at Rochester, N. Y.).

Comstock, J. H. & A. B. Manual for the study of insects. 1895.
Pp. 310, 311, fig. 376, 377 (mention).

Lowe, V.H. Gardenand forest. 1895. 8: 314, 315, fig. 43 (injuring
apples); N. Y. Agricultural experiment station. 14th Report. 1895.
1896. p. 552, 553 (injuries in western New York).

Taft, L. R. & Davis, G.C. Mich. Agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 121. 1895. p. 27 (mention).

Howard, L. O. U.S. Dep’t Agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 2 (new series). . 1895. \p..46, 47 (injuries, etc.).() 35. ems
Agriculture, Year book. 1895. 1896. p. 368-375, fig. 86-go (general
account); —Division entomology. Technical series no. 5. 1897.
p- 5-56, fig. 1-24 (parasites); — Bulletin 9 (new series). 1897. p-
15-17 (parasites) ; American association for the advancement of science.
Proceedings. 1897. 46:230 (mention); Entomological society of
Washington. Proceedings. 1898. 4:60, 61 (note on parasites).

Burgess, A.F. Mass. Board of agriculture. Report on gypsy moth.
1897. p. 67 (Calosoma frigidum fed on larvae).

Comstock, J. H.. Insect life.. 1897: p. 174, 175, tiga r4aomeas
(mention).

Kirkland, A. H. Mass. Board of agriculture. Report on gypsy
moth. 1897. p. 56 (fodisus placidus feeding on larvae).

Beal, F. E. L. U. S. Dep’t agriculture, Division biological sur-
vey. Bulleting, 1898. p. 13.(cuckoos feeding on).

Felt, E. P. Buffalo news, July 30, 1898. p.>5 (remedies); the
same in Commercial, times and inquirer, Buffalo commercial, and Buffalo
daily times of that date; Country gentleman. 1898. 63: 690 (ravages
jn New York).

ros REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 177

CLISIOCAMPA AMERICANA Fabr.
A pple-tree tent caterpillar
Ord. Lepidoptera: Fam. Lasiocampidae

_The wide-spread and severe ravages of the tent caterpillar the last two
or three years have led to a more general desire for knowledge about this
species. Though its life history and habits are well known to ento-

-mologists and have been repeatedly published, yet, aside from the occur-
rence of the larvae in their nests from spring to spring, many seem to have
little idea of the insect’s habits.

An old and familiar pest. This species attracted the attention of
the earliest entomologists. Its conspicuous white nests in the forks of
cherry trees along the roadsides and in the neglected orchards of New
England were well-known features of the landscape during the spring

Fig. 5 Wild cherry-tree detoliated py tent caterpillars (after Weed, C. M.).
months in the latter part of the 18th century as well as in the rgth. In

the latter part of May it is by no means uncommon to see many of the
wild cherry-trees beside the country roads practically leafless, and swarm-

178 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

ing with the caterpillars of this insect, which have issued from the one to
20 or more nests on each of the hapless trees in the search for food.
Though this species is easily controlled, as will be shown later, the
common practice is apparently to let the caterpillars alone, trusting that
natural agents will keep them in control.

Extensive ravages during the past two years. Asa result of
allowing nature to have her course after the balance between the various
forms of life has been disturbed by man, this insect causes more or less
damage every year, and frequently commits extensive depredations.
The latter has been the case the last two seasons. Complaints were
received from many localities of the abundance and destructiveness of
these caterpillars. Not only were the native cherry-trees defoliated, but
apple orchards suffered severely from the attacks of this insect, specially
in the western part of the state where many were stripped of their
leaves. Mr S. D. Willard, of ‘Geneva, N. Y., imiormed) memisss
spring that tent caterpillars had caused him an unusual amount of
trouble, though he had kept close .watch of them. In some locali-
ties the losses were increased by the ravages of the so-called forest
tent caterpillar, CZszocampa disstria Hiibn., which was also abundant and
in some counties excessively injurious. The Weather crop bulletins issued
in May and early June of last year give some indication,of the wide-
spread abundance of this insect. Such comments as: ‘ Apple-trees cov-
ered with caterpillars,’ ‘Caterpillars more numerous than ever before,’
“Caterpillars have ruined some orchards,’ ‘ Many trees nearly stripped by
worms,’ and similar expressions from widely separated localities may all
be referred to this insect with comparative certainty, and indicate its
destructiveness in neglected orchards. From Cambridge, N. Y., came
the report last year that the place was simply overrun by the apple-tree
tent caterpillar. In 1898 the Weather crop bulletins contained the follow-
ing observations: ‘Tent worms hatching out thick,’ ‘Tent worms
unusually numerous,’ ‘Tent worms very thick in places.’ The unusual
abundance of this familiar pest was patent to anyone traveling in 1897
and 1808, the latter part of May or early in June, either in this or some |
of the adjacent states. In many portions of Massachusetts. leafless trees
testified to the work of this enemy, and in Vermont the same conditions
prevailed to a greater or less extent.

Description. Though the tent caterpillar is a very common
insect and familiar to almost everyone when found in its conspicuous
white nests in the spring, many are unable to positively recognize the larva,
unless seen near its nest, few can identify its egg belts, while a still smaller
number have any idea of the appearance of the parent moth.

a

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 Wt 4

The glistening brown egg belts encircling the smaller twigs of the tree
are from -2; to 74, of an inch long. Sometimes the mass of eggs does not
completely embrace the twig, though usually there is a more or less
narrow union on one side. The ends of the egg mass curve gradually
down to the twig, the outer eggs inclining and the outermost lying
almost flat, in order to permit this shape. The normal egg mass of this.
insect is so thickly covered with the glutinous secretion that the indi-
vidual eggs are invisible. The young caterpillars are rarely observed
till they have attained some size and their webs on the smaller limbs
have become visible. The full grown larvae and their characteristic
tents are too well known to need description in connection with the
accompanying figure. The yellowish, oblong, oval cocoons with a loose

))

Fig. 6. Tent caterpillars and nest (after Riley).

texture are not generally recognized as being the product of the familiar

tent caterpillar. It will be noticed that when these cocoons are handled,

a yellow, sulphur-like powder sifts out. This is the cried paste inter-
mingled with the silk at the time the cocoon is spun. ‘The parent
moth is buff-colored, with two parallel oblique white lines across the

fore wings. The female is about one third larger than the male (see

mgure 7, a,c).

180 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

A hermaphrodite. Bisexual or hermaphrodite individuals are
among the rarities in the insect world and such examples are highly
prized by collectors. This specimen was mentioned by Dr Lintner in
the transmittal of his 7th Report as a very interesting rarity, and the
present opportunity is taken of recording its features in a permanent

Fig. 7. CLISIOCAMPA AMERICANA, a, male; 4, hermaphrodite; c, female (original).

form (see fig. 7, 4). The left wings and antenna show so clearly the
characters of the female represented above and the right wings and
antenna those of the male below, that farther comment is hardly
necessary. |

Life history and habits. The young are frequently formed within
the eggs in the autumn, and only await warm weather before coming

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 181

forth. It has even been stated by Mr H. C. Raymond, of Iowa, that
the eggs often hatch in the autumn and that the vitality of the larvae
enables them to winter successfully in that latitude. According to Riley,
the eggs frequently hatch during an early warm spell and before there is
anything for the larvae to feed upon, they subsisting for a time upon the
glutinous matter surrounding the eggs. At first the nests are very small
and afford little protection to their inmates, but as the caterpillars never
move without spinning a thread and frequently crawl over their tents, the
nests soon become much denser and afford considerable shelter from the
weather. Many have probably noticed that the nests or tents are composed
of a series of layers of silk with just about room enough between for the
caterpillars and they may have wondered how the larvae began a new
layer. The explanation given by Dr Fitch is simplicity itself. During

fair weather the caterpillars frequently rest in numbers on the outside

and stray individuals may be seen crawling over their resting com-
panions, spinning as they go, and at the same time beginning a new
layer of silk. Dr Fitch states that on damp or rainy days they remain
in their nests, but during fair weather they usually feed for a time in the
morning, again in the afternoon and once during the night. These
habits are subject to considerable variation, being affected to a great
extent by the weather. As the larvae approach maturity, they forsake
the nests and wander singly in all directions, feeding on whatever they
can. At this stage they will pupate upon the slightest provocation. More
than once have I put a caterpillar of this species in a box, only to find a
cocoon the next morning. The instinct that prompts them to wander at
this time is undoubtedly a wise provision for their safety, for it insures
their pupation in widely separated places and renders them less likely to
be destroyed. Early in June the cocoons ofthis species are spun on the
trunks of the trees, on the under side of fence rails, under the eaves of
buildings and in many similar places promising shelter. An interesting
deviation from the general habit the caterpillars have of each spinning a
cocoon, is that recorded by Miss Allie C. Simonds, of Fayetteville, Ark.,
who reported that numbers of individuals spun large irregular cocoons in
common, as many as seven or eight pupae being found crowded together

_in one without any separating partitions (Jmsect life. 1895. 7:429).

The caterpillars transform within the cocoons to brown pupae and
Temain in this state for about three weeks, according to Fitch and Riley.
Prof. Slingerland, as a result of certain trap lantern experiments, records
taking the moths from June 17 to July 18, at Ithaca, N. Y., in 1889, the
great majority being taken between June 22 and July 5.

182 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

In 1890, Dr Dyar has recorded taking the moths at electric lights in
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., from June 14 to July 17, the larger number occur-
ring between June 20 and July 2.

During this period of flight the eggs are deposited in bands or belts
around the smaller twigs, the number in a band ranging from 300 to 330
according to Dr Fitch.

Food plants. The wild cherry, Prunus serotina, is undoubtedly the
favorite food plant of the tent caterpillars, since the examples along the
roadsides suffer more or less from year to year and are frequently defo-
liated by this pest. The apple appears to rank next in the estimation of
the caterpillars, judging from the severe attacks made upon it yearly.
This insect feeds on a large number of plants, though severe injury is.
usually confined to those named above, and closely related species. It
has been reported by various authors upon the following: barberry,
New Jersey tea (Ceanothus americanus), sugar maple, plum, peach, sev-
eral species of cherry, rose, thorn (probably Crataegus), shad-bush, pear,
apple, mountain ash, witch hazel, elm, oak (probably several species)
several species of birch, willow and poplar. Some of these are undoubt-
edly eaten only under exceptional circumstances, and others sustain
serious injury occasionally. Dr C. M. Weed, of Durham, N. H., gives
illustrations of a severe attack on a birch and an oak in a recent bulletin.

Distribution. This insect appears to be generally distributed
throughout the eastern United States, and extends north into Canada.
Chsiocampa fragilis Stretch is given by Dr Dyar as the representative of
C. americana from the Rocky mountains to the Sierras and from Canada
to Mexico, and it in turn is represented in the Pacific northwest by C.
pluvialis Dyar.

Natural enemies. This species is attacked by a number of parasi-
tic and predaceous insects and is also subject to a fungus disease, but in
spite of these checks the caterpillars are frequently very abundant.
Among the most important true parasites may be mentioned Ample
pedalis Cres., a species which Dr Fernald has bred in great numbers
from the cocoons. It was so abundant that he obtained only 25 moths
from about two quarts of cocoons. Many examples of Aimpla conquisitor
Say were reared from the pupae of this insect by Dr C. M. Weed.
According to Dr Howard, the latter species is found from California to
New Jersey and south to the Gulf of Mexico and has been recorded
from Canada. He classes it as one of the most important parasites of
the cotton-worm in the south, and as it preys on a number of injurious

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REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 183

lepidopterous insects, it may well be regarded as a very beneficial form.
Another insect belonging to the same genus, . annulipes Brullé, has
been recorded as a parasite of this species, by Bruner. In addition to P.
pedalis, Dr Fernald reared a few examples of TZheronia melano-
cephala Brullé from cocoons. A variety of Apanteles congregatus,
rufocoxalis Riley, was bred from the larvae by Dr Lintner. Dr Fitch
reared from the cocoons a parasite to which he gave the name? of

\.

4 ASSP we
/] Li Pp
|
f
,

Y
Y

Fig. 8 pIMPLA CONQUISITOR: @, larva; 6, head of same; c, pupa; d, adult female — all enlarged.
fter Howard: U. S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology. Tech. ser. no. 5).

Cleonymus clisiocampae. Dr Howard states that Mr Ashmead has
referred this species to the European Dzdbrachys boucheanus Ratz.,
which is not a primary parasite, as Dr Fitch supposed his species to be.
Lelenomus clistocampae Riley, has also been reared from the eggs of
this and another species of Ciisiocampa (Insect life. 1891. 4:123).
But one parasitic fly, /rontina frenchit Williston, has been reared from
the tent caterpillar, according to Coquillett.

A number of predaceous insects attack the larvae. Several species of
large ground beetles are said to prey on the caterpillars, among them
being Calosoma scrutator Fabr. As others of the same genus attack
Chsiocampa disstria Hiibn., it is probable that they would not discriminate
between the larvae of these closely related forms. Owing to the extend-
ed studies of Mr Kirkland, we know more fully the habits of the genus
Podisus, several species of which attack the tent caterpillar. The fol-
lowing have been observed preying on C. americana: Podisus placidus
Uhler, P. modestus Dallas, P. serieventris Uhler, and Diplodus luridus

184 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Stal. As a rule, members of this genus are beneficial and should be
protected, since they are mostly predaceous in habit. Professor Bruner
states that Fodisus spinosus Dallas and Perilus claudus Say prey upon the
tent caterpillar.

Among the more efficient vertebrate enemies may be named the
American toad, though its feeding on this species is practically limited
to the relatively short period when the larvae are wandering in search of
proper places for pupation. Mr Kirkland has found the remains of 37
full grown caterpillars in the stomach of one toad and from 15 to 20 in
many others. The value of birds in keeping this and other pests under
control is strikingly shown in an experiment conducted by Mr E. H. For-
bush, ornithologist of the Massachusetts board ‘of agriculture. In a
typical orchard in Medford, Mass., a little trouble was taken to attract
the native birds, the nests of the English or house sparrow being
destroyed. . The results were greatly in favor of protecting our indig-
enous forms. In neighboring orchards it was evident that canker
worms and tent caterpillars were very numerous, but in the orchard in
question, the trees were injured seriously in only one or two instances,
though no attempt was made to control the insects by spraying or other
artificial means. ‘The following is a list of the birds observed feeding on.
the tent caterpillar in that Medford orchard: Crow, Corvus americanus
Aud.; chickadee, Farus atricapillus Linn.; oriole, Zeturus galbula Linn. ;
red-eyed vireo, Vireo olvaceus Linn.; yellow-billed cuckoo, Coccyzus
americanus Linn.; black-billed cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus Wils. ;
chipping sparrow, Spzzella socialis Wils.; yellow warbler, Dendroica
aestiva Gmel. This lst includes all the species observed feeding on
the tent caterpillar by earlier writers.

Preventive measures and remedies. It will not do to rely
entirely on the good offices of native birds for keeping this or other in-
sect pests under control, though they are undoubtedly of great value and
richly repay any slight effort that may be made for the purpose of
attracting them to orchards. Winter birds are induced to remain in the
vicinity of orchards by hanging in the trees pieces of meat or partially
picked bones, and will spend much time in searching out and devouring
numerous insects or their eggs, relying on the meat only when
conditions are unfavorable for obtaining insect food. Migratory birds
may be induced to remain in larger numbers near orchards by providing
them with suitable nesting places and materials, and by protecting them
from cats and cruel boys. ‘Thickets in the vicinity will afford shelter for

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 185

certain species and if a few mulberry trees are set out their fruit wiil serve
to protect the cherries as the birds are said to eat the mulberries by
preference. Most of the preceding suggestions are taken from a very
interesting and practical paper by Mr Forbush (see citation). His
many years of experience and close observation of our birds entitle his
writings to the highest respect. There is much that can be said in favor
of protecting and encouraging our native birds and most farmers will
find that a little effort along this line will be very profitable. In under-
taking any such work, it will not do to judge entirely by the results
obtained in one season.

As this species breeds from year to year in large numbers on the wild
cherry-trees along the roadsides, in fence corners and other uncultivated
places, these trees should either be destroyed or else used as lures and
heavily sprayed with poison early each spring in order to destroy the
numerous caterpillars hatching from their abundant egg belts. It is prob-
able that the destruction of the cherry-trees would be the wiser plan, for
otherwise they would be too often neglected as is the case at present. If
but a few wild cherry-trees were allowed to grow near an orchard and
they were well sprayed with poison from year to year or the numerous
egg belts removed, it is probable that the tent caterpillars would be found
on the apple trees in comparatively small numbers.

The exhaustive experiments, conducted by Dr Fernald, on the amount
of paris green necessary to kill this species, show most conclusively that
the caterpillars can be readily controlled by spraying with poison. The
experiments prove that the larvae in any stage can be killed in two or
three days with an application of one pound of paris green in from 300
to 400 gallons of water, and that even the extremely dilute mixture of
one pound to rooo gallons is deadly in two or three weeks after applica-
tion. While in practice it will be found best to use paris green at the
rate of one pound to 200 or 300 gallons or less, the experiments show
that this species is much more sensitive to arsenical poisons than is the
case with the gypsy moth, /orthetria dispar Linn., the spring canker
worm, faleacrita vernata Peck, and some other injurious species. In
cases where it is desirable to spray the trees early in the spring for the pur-
pose of controlling other insects, the same application should be entirely
effective in preventing injury by tent caterpillars.

If for some reason or other, it is not desirable to spray at the proper
time to kill this species, recourse may be had either to gathering the egg
belts in the winter or early spring and destroying them, or to the destruc-
tion of the young when assembled in their recently formed nests. The

186 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

collecting of the eggs is best done when the trees are leafless and the
sky clear or covered with whitish clouds. A little experience will enable
one to detect the egg belts very readily. There are several methods of
destroying the young caterpillars in their nests. The most effective way
is by crushing them with the hands, mittens may be worn if preferred, as
suggested by Dr Fitch. If the nests are attended to early in the season,
the operation is quickly and thoroughly done, as most of them are within
reach of a short ladder. ‘The nests may be torn out with a brush, a dry
mullen stalk or other arrangement and their occupants crushed on_the
ground. This is not so thorough as crushing the caterpillars while on
the tree. Another method is burning the nests by the use of rags soaked in
kerosene and tied to a pole or other form of a torch. When the flames
are brought under the nests, the occupants escape so far as possible by .
dropping. It 1s seldom that every caterpillar on the tree is destroyed by

this means. Not only do a number escape, but in many cases the trees © ’

suffer severe injury, the entire branch beyond the nest being killed by
the fire. It would be better to cut off the branches bearing nests, as is
done by some, and then destroy the caterpillars either by fire or by
crushing them.

Bibliography

Fabricius, J. C. Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta.
1793. 3:433, no. 81 (original description, as Bombyx).

Harris, T. W. Insects injurious to vegetation[1841]. 3d ed. 1862,
P- 373-75, pl. 8, fig. 13-17 (description, general account).

Gaylord, Willis. N. Y. State agricultural society. Transactions.
wBA4tAos: Tear aee, (bniel moMee):

Emmons, Ebenezer. Natural history of New York. Agriculture.
1854. p. 235, 236, pl. 45, fig. 1, pl. 47, fig. 6 (brief account).

Fitch, Asa. N. Y. State agricultural society. Transactions. 1855.
1856. 15:413-30, 431-41, 4 fig. (extended account); the same in
Insects of New York. ist—zd Reports. 1856. p. 180-98, 199-209; N.Y.
State agriculturalsociety. Transactions. 1856. 16: 337 (on apple-trees) ;
the same in Insects of New York. 3d—sth Reports. 1859. sec. 28;
N. Y. State agricultural society. Transactions. 1860. 19: 595 (mention).

Glover, Townsend. Commissioner of patents. Report. 1860.
Agriculture. 1861. p. 321, 322, (brief general account); Ui) s. Went
agriculture. Report. 1866. p. 29, 42 (mention) ;—-1870. ‘po 63 (onee
notice).

Morris, J. G. Synopsis of the described lepidoptera of North
America, 1862. p. 236 (listed).

Packard, A.S. Practical entomologist. 1865. 1:14, 15 (parasite) ;
Guide to the study of insects. 1869. p. 207, 238, 301, fig. 232 (brief
notice); Rocky mountain locust and other insects. Report. 1877. p.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 187

793. 794, pl. 69, fig. 5, 6 (brief account); U. S. Entomological commission.
5th Report. 1890. p. 121, 531 (mention).

Warder, J. A. Practical entomologist. 1865. 1:6 (on peach).

Walsh, B.D. Practical entomologist. 1866. 1:46, 78, 101 (food
plants, parasites); — 1866. 2:22, 72, 92, 112,117, 119, 121 (mention).

Walsh, B. D. & Riley, C. V. American entomologist. 186g.
1:208, fig. 145 (mention) ; — 1869. 2: 39 (food plants).

LeBaron, William. American entomologist. 1870. 2:143-46,
fig. 97, 98 (life history, habits).

Riley, C. V. Insects of Missouri. 2d Report. 1870. p. 7 (mention) ;
American entomologist and botanist. 1870. 2:245,261 (mention); In-
eon Missoum, 3d Report. 1871. .p. £17=21, fig. 50, 5st (general
account) :— 5th Report. 1873. p. 56, fig. 29 (eggs figured) ; American
mawendlist, 1673. 72516, 517 (mention); U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Divi-
sion entomology. Bulletin 31. 1893. p. 16 (listed).

Bethune, C. J. S. Fruit grower’s association of Ontario. Report.
1870. 1871. p. 80-82, fig. 18, 20, 21 (brief account) ; the same in Ento-
mological society of Ontario. 1st Report. 1871. p. 80-82, fig. 18, 20, 21;
Canadian entomologist. 1873. 5:140, 141, 142, fig. 17 (brief notice) ;—
1876. 8:4 (mention) ; Entomological society of Ontario. rgth Report.
1889. p. 71-73, fig. 42, 43 (brief account); — 27th Report. 1897.
Pages. 57) (brief notice).

Saunders, William. Canadian entomologist. 1871. 3: 12-13
(mention); — 1872. 4:134, fig. 9 (mention); Entomological society of
Ontamo, Report. 1875: 1876.. p. 29-30, fig. 7 (brief account); Cana-
dian entomologist. 1878. 10: 21~22 (hibernating as larvae within eggs);
Insects injurious to fruits. 1883. 1889. p. 47-52, fig. 38-42 (general
account); Entomological society of Ontario. zoth Report. 1890. p.
a2 44) fig.) 0, 2, 3, 5 (brief account).

Lintner, J. A. N.Y. State museum of natural history. 26th Report.
1872. p.147,155(mention); Country gentleman. 1881. 46:485 (identi-
fied); Insects of New York. 1st Report. . 1882. p. 56, 85, 328 (mention);
S—2ureport: 1655.. p $3 (mention); -— 3d Report. ) 1887.: p. 85, ‘92,
147 (mention); Country gentleman. 1888. 53:511 (brief account); —
1889. 54: 269 (brief account); Insectsof New York. 5th Report. 1889.

‘p. 152, 304, 324 (abundance, mention); — 6th Report. 1890. p. 106,
165, 181 (abundant); Country gentleman. 1890 55: 329 (remedy); In-
secis of New York. 7th Report. 1891. p. 215 (ravages), p. 220 (her-
maphrodite), p. 331, 359 (mention); Country gentleman. 1892. 57:492
(remedies); Insects of New York. 8th Report. 1893. p. 122-23 (men-
tion); 9th Report. 1893. p. 293, 441, 456 (mention), p. 461 (a para-
site); Insect life. 1893. 6:184 (mention); Insects of New York. 1oth
epor. 1695. Pp. 451,'495 (mention);;—- 11th Report. 1896. . p.. 123;
265 (mention); U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology. Bulletin 6
(new series). 1896. p. 54 (mention); Country gentleman. 1896. 61:
571 (identified); — 1897. 62: 390 (identified), p. 558 (ravages in Dela-
ware county).

Bessey, C. E. Iowa state agricultural society. Report. 1873.
1874. p. 229-32, fig. 2, 3 (brief account).

188 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Cook, A. J. American naturalist. 1874. 8:368 (birds preying on
larvae) ; Mich. State board of agriculture. 13th Report. 1874. 1875
p. 130-32, fig. 30 (brief account). s

Lyman, H. H. Canadian entomologist. 1874. 6: 158 (mention).

Kridelbaugh, S. H. Iowa state horticultural society. Report.
17876. 1877. \/p.'327-28) 399 (briefr notice),

Gott, B. Entomological society of Ontario. Report. 1877. p.
41-42, fig. 21,°22, 23 (ravages, remedies); “1878. Te7oRegeece
(mention).

Thomas, Cyrus. Insects of Illinois. 6th Report. 1877. p. 12,13
(remedies). |

French, G. H. Insects of Illinois. 7th Report. - 1878. p.197, 198
(brief notice).

Perkins, G. H. Vt. State board of agriculture. 5th Report. 1878.
pP- 257 (mention); Vt. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 11.
1888. p. 3-7 (brief account); Vt. State board of agriculture. 11th Report.
1890. Separate. p. 47 (on elm); Vt. Agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 60. 1897. p. 5, 7-9 (mention).

Scudder, S.H. Psyche. 1878. 2:114 (mention).

Smith, E. A. Insects of Illinois. 7th Report. 1878. p. 107, 110,
III, 11g (notes).

Hoy, P. R. Wis. State horticuitural society. Transactions. 1879.
9g: 270-76, fig. 5 (general account).

Coquillett, D. W. Insects of Illinois. 10th Report. 1881. p.155,
fig. 55 (larva described); U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Technical series no. 7. 1897. p. 16, 24 (dipterous parasites).

Marten, John. Insects of Illinois. roth Report. 1881. p. 122,
123, fig. 35 (brief notice).

Stretch, R. H. Papilio. 1881. 1:68 (synonymy).

Goding, F. W. Iowa state agricultural society. Report. 1882.
1883. Separate. p. 6 (brief account).

Claypoie,E. W. Canadian entomologist. 1883. 15: 38(mention);. |
Entomological society of Ontario. Report. 1883. 1884. p. 34 (men-.
tion).

Cooke, Matthew. [Injurious insects of the orchard, vineyard. 1883.
p. 83, 84, fig. 52-54 (brief account).

Fernald, C. H. Standard natural history. Kingley’s. 1884. 2:454
(brief mention) ; Mass. (Hatch) agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
12, 1891. p. 22-24, fig. 15, 16 (brief account); — Bulletin 19. 1892.
p. 121-27 (experiments with paris green) ; — Bulletin20. 1843. p. 7-10,
fig. s, 6, 7 (brief account) ; — Bulletin 24. 1894. p. 3 (experiment with
arsenate of lead); The gypsy moth. 1896. p. 377, 402 (parasites).

Dimmock, A. K. Psyche. 1885. 4:275 (mention).

Fletcher, James. Central experimental farm (Canada). Report
entomologist and botanist. 1885. Separate. p. 48, fig. 23 (mention); —
1887. p. 24, fig. 6, 7 (mention); Entomological society of Ontario.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 1€9

18th Report. 1888. p. 12 (ravages); Canadian entomologist. 1889.
21:74-76, fig. 1 (popular account); Central experimental farm (Can-
ada). Report of entomologist and botanist. 1896. p. 251 (ravages).

McMillan, Conway. Nebr. Agricultural experiment station. v. 1.
Bulletin 2 1888. p. 59-63, fig. 28, 29 (general account).

Riley, C. V. & Howard, L. O. Insect life. 1888. 1: 161 (para-
site); —_ 1889. 2:27 (in Arkansas), 1890. p. 338 (mention); —- 18go.
3:20, 21 (remedies), 1891. p. 462, 483 (parasite, ravages); —— 1891.
4: 123 (egg parasite); -- 1895. 7: 429 (Communistic cocoons).

Comstock, J. H. Cornell agricultural experiment station. Bulletin

fe £059. p. 200—2,/ 5 fig. (brief -account); Insect life: 1397... p.

168-71, fig. 137 (popular account).

Edwards, Henry. U. S. National museum. Bulletin 35. 1889.
p- 77, 78 (bibliography).

‘Bruner, Lawrence. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 22. 1890. pp. rox (food plants); Nebr. Agricultural experiment
station. Bulletin 14. 1890. p. 24-32, 33, 36, 100, fig. 14-22 (extended
account); Nebr. State horticultural society. Report. 1894. p. 157, 166,
fig. 53-55 (listed).

Caulfield, F. B. Entomological society of Ontario. zoth Report.
18go. p. 64 (on oak).

Pyar. i. G. Psyche. “ 1890. 5421, (number of molts); — 1891,
6: 126, 129 (listed); N. Y. Entomological society. Journal. 1894. 2:
155 (synonymy); Psyche. 1895. 7: 189 (range).

Hood, L. E. Insect life. 1890. 3:124 (ravages in Mass.).

Smith, J.B. Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey. 1890. p. 304
(listed); American entomological society. Transactions. 1893. 20:36
(synonymy); Economic entomology. 1896. p. .284-86, fig. 314 (brief
account). - :

Maynard, S. T. Mass. (Hatch) agricultural experiment station.
iulletin 13. 1891." p. 4 (mention).

Southwick, E. B. Insect life. 1891. 4:60-61 (mention).

Townsend, C. H. T. N. Mex. Agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 3. 1891. p. 12-13, fig. 5 (brief notice).

Weed, C. M. Insects and insecticides. 1891. p. 42-44, fig. 14, 15
(brief account); N. H. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 31.
1895. p. 12 (mention); — Bulletin 38. 1896. p. 47-59, fig. 1-14
(extended account); — Bulletin 4o. 1896. p. go, gt, 92 (chickadee
feeding on); — Bulletin 54. 1898. p. 87, fig. 4 (chickadee feeding on).

Kellogg, V. LL. Common injurious insects of Kansas. 1892. p.
85, 86, fig. 47 (brief account).

Kirby, W. F. Synonymic catalogue of lepidoptera heterocera.
1892. 1: 840 (synonymy).

Ashmead, W.H. Monograph of North American proctotrypidae.
1893. p. 160, 450 ( Zelenomus clisiocampae reared from eggs).

Chambliss, C. E. Tenn. Agricultural experiment station. Bulle-
Mite v.60. nO. 1. 1893. p. 12—14, fig. 6,7 (brief account).

190 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

King, G. B. Insect life. 1893. 6:36 (abundance at Andover,
Mass.).

Slingerland, M. V. Canadian entomologist. 1893. 25:81, 82
(taken in trap lanterns).

Garman, Harrison. Ky. Agricultural experiment station. 5th
Report... Bulletin ‘go. .; 1892.) 1894. *p..75=277,| Hig. \22;) 2asttanes
account).

Jack, J. G. Mass. Horticultural society. Transactions. Pt. 1.
1894. p. 141, 142 (brief notice).

Neumoegen, Berthold & Dyar,H. G. N. Y. Entomological so-
ciety. Journal. 1894. 2:154,155 (synonymy).

Comstock, J. H. & A.B. Manual for the study of insects. 1895.
p. 360-62, fig. 442 (brief account). ,

Harvey, F.—. Me. Agricultural experiment station. Report. 1895.
1896. p. 96 (listed); — 13th Report. 1897. 1898. p. 173,174,
177 (ravages).

Taft, L. R. & Davis,G. C. Mich. Agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 121. 1895. p, 26, fig. 12, 13 (brief notice).

Forbush, E. H. The gypsy moth. 1896. p. 213 (mention) ;
Entomological society of Ontario. 26th Report. 1896. p. 54, 58, 59,
60 (birds preying on larvae).

Bogue, E. E. Okla. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 26.
1897. p. 8-9, fig. 3 (brief account).

Burgess, A. F. Mass. State board of agriculture on gypsy moth.
Report. Appendix. Jan. 1897. p. 68 (Calosoma Srigidum larvae fed
with); — Jan. 1898. p. 106 (Calosoma scrutator preying on).

Fyles, T. W. Entomological society of Ontario. 27th Rave
1897. p. 39, fig. 41 (mention).

Howard, L. O. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Technical series no. 5. 1897. p. 19, 36 (parasites).

Kirkland, A. H. Mass. (Hatch) agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 46. 1897. p. 22, 25, fig. 22 (eaten by garden toad); Mass. State
board of agriculture on gypsy moth. Report. Appendix. Jan. 1897.
Pp. 51, 56, 60 (Fodisus placidus, Diplodus luridus attacking larvae) ; —
Jan. 1898. p.117, 118, 120, 121, 131 (fodisus placidus, P. modestus,
P. serieveniris, preying on). yas:

Beal, F. E. L. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division biological
survey. Bulletin g. 1898. p.g, 13 (cuckoos feeding on).

Faville, E. E. & Parrott, P. J. Kan. Agricultural experiment
station. Bulletin 77. 1898. p. 39-41, fig. 11-15 (brief general account).

Felt, E. P. Country gentleman. 1898. 63: 653, 690 (brief general
notice).

Gillette, C. P. Col. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 47.
1898. p. 8, fig. 4 (figured).

Panton, W.H. Ontario agricultural college and experimental farm.
3d Report.” 1898. 2 fig., p. 18 (mention).

tT Pas ee ee ee ee eee
/ . i. " a

_a.s” =

—— ae

Wee es eS

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 191

CLISIOCAMPA DISSTRIA Hiibn.
Forest tent caterpillar
Ord. Lepidoptera: Fam. Lasiocampidae

This species is closely allied to the preceding in structure and habits,
as might be inferred from the similarity of their names, and like its con-
gener is frequently very destructive. From the fact that this insect is
confined largely to the forests, as indicated by its common name and the
scientific one bestowed by Harris, its operations are more rarely brought
to notice, and then only when it has committed extensive ravages.

Injuries the past two years in New York state. The ravages
of this insect in New York state this year and last have been unprece-
dented in the annals of our state. In fact, there appears to be no record
of injury earlier than 1857, when it was reported to Dr Riley as quite
destructive in certain parts of western New York. 10 years later Peter
Ferris (see citation) reported that this insect had been troublesome in
western New York for 12 years or more. The next serious outbreak was
brought to the attention of Dr Lintner in 1889 from Kingsbury, Wash-
ington county, N. Y., where about 10 acres were defoliated. These dep-

redations, however, sink into insignificance compared with those reported
to Dr Lintner last year and the more wide spread injuries brought to my

notice the present season. In 1897 this species was reported by Prof.
John Mickleborough as very destructive to maples and other forest trees
at Jewett, Greene county. At Andes, Delaware county, its ravages were
complained of by Barton Jackson. ‘The most serious injuries reported
that year were in the vicinity of Margaretville, in the same county. The
following excerpts from a report made by Henry B. Ingram, of Kingston,
N. Y., will give an idea of their abundance and the extensive depreda-
tions committed:

The cocoons of this insect in the infested district fairly whitened the
places where they were attached. Under the eaves of buildings, under
the lower edge of every clapboard on buildings, in piles of brush, under
every loose stone, piece of bark or board, in the crevices of the bark on
trees and every place where a worm could hide and undergo its transfor-
mations—all these were found crowded with cocoons.

The part of Delaware county visited by me on Thursday, July 8,
1897, was Arkville and Margaretville along the Ulster and Delaware
railroad. The first place I visited was what is known as Ely Swart’s
sugar bush, one mile and a half east of Margaretville village. This
sugar orchard, or rather, sugar maple forest, comprises about 60 acres.
Then the maple trees continue in a dense forest through other farms up
and over the mountains for several miles. It is about halfa mile wide,
and begins in the valley near a long siding half a mile from Arkville,

'

192 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

where the Ulster and Delaware railroad sometimes side-track freight
trains. The caterpillars began their depredations at this railway siding
and swept up the hill over an area a mile and a half long by half a mile
wide, taking hard maple, apple, pear, plum, beech, birch, poplar and
other trees in their destructive course. The nut trees they did not
attack and strange to say, they left every soft maple in their track
untouched.

The caterpillars were also operating in the village on the shade trees,
and the garden fruit trees, but were not plentiful enough to do much
damage or cause much comment.

At Clarks Factory, Delaware county, Mr H. O. Van Benscoten owns
an extensive sugar orchard of over one hundred acres. It has been
stripped of its foliage till not one leaf remains. ‘The maple forests, at
Andes, Grand Gorge, Bush Ridge, and Fleischmanns, Delaware county,
Prattsville and other points in Greene county have also been stripped of
foliage. Wherever the caterpillars have appeared they have defoliated
the apple and fruit orchards.

The complete and extensive injury is well shown in plates 1-4, which
were taken by Mr Ingram.

This year Mr R. G. Smith roped that 125 acres covered with
maples were defoliated at Russell, St Lawrence county. Severe ravages
by this species were reported from Lewis county, many timber lots
appearing as though fire had run through them, as it was put by a corres-
pondent of the weather bureau. At.Trenton Falls, Oneida county, the
caterpillars were very numerous in the woods and some trees were nearly
defoliated. Several observers reported serious injuries by this insect in
Otsego county, Westford, Decatur and Worcester being localities specially
mentioned by Mr O. Q. Flint, of Athens, N. Y. A report came to me
that the forests were stripped by this species in Exeter, and Mr C: F.
Wheelock, head inspector of the University, informed me that he had
observed considerable injury to forest trees in the same county. Its
ravages were noted in Delaware county by Mr Flint at Roxbury and
Stamford. Many trees were defoliated in Greene county, its operations
in Lexington and Halcott coming under the observation of Mr Flint and
those at Tannersville being reported by Miss K. E. Turnbull. The
abundance and destructiveness of this insect at Glens Falls, Warren
county, was brought to my attention early in the season by Mr C. L.
Williams. At Lake George many of the trees on the islands were
defoliated by this insect, the Canoe islands appearing as though swept
by fire, according to Mrs J. R. Gilmore. Severe injuries were also
reported from Vermont both last year and the present season. That the
actual depredator in cases cited above was always this species, could not
be determined in every instance by examination of the caterpillars,
though an effort was made to secure examples whenever practicable,

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 193

but it is believed that in every case the evidence justified the identifica-
tion. In all the localities mentioned above, a number of trees were
defoliated, usually oaks and maples, and in most of these the injured
tracts could be estimated by acres, in some cases by hundreds of acres.
There is certainly ample evidence to justify the conclusion that the forest
tent caterpillar has caused a large amount of damage in New York state
last year and this, and that the present season the ravages have been
more general than in 1897, though in the former year they may have
been more severe in certain localities.

Extensive depredations in other localities. This insect has
been extremely injurious in a number of ‘other states, in some instances
defoliating hundreds of square miles. One of the earliest accounts is the
record of Abbot, whom Dr Riley quotes, stating that it ‘is sometimes so
plentiful in Virginia as to strip the oak-trees bare.’ In his 3d report (see
citation), Dr Riley credits this species with completely stripping the
‘over-cup timber’ on the overflow bottoms near Des Arc, Ark., and
records extensive injuries by it in many parts of Missouri. In the 8th
Report on the insects of Missouri, it is stated that this species stripped oak
forests over hundreds of square miles in the southern states, and that in
the vicinity of Memphis, in 1862, the larvae were so abundant as to
frequently stop trains going in and out of the city. In 1889 another
instance of trains being stopped was brought to the notice of the Divi-
sion of entomology, U. 5. Department of agriculture (/usect life. 1889.
2:58). This time the trouble was in Maine and was accompanied by
serious injury to forests and orchards. Two years later trains were
stopped on the Carolina central railroad near Lumberton (Jvsect Life.
1891. 3:477). This hindrance to travel was accompanied by the defolia-
tion of many trees over a large area. This species was excessively
injurious in the vicinity of London, Ont., in 1877, as recorded by
Wiliam Saunders in the following words: ‘There were millions upon
millions of them, and so enormous were their numbers and so persistent
their attacks, that after fighting them bravely for a week or two, many
gave up the contest in despair, weary of the slaughter. Many an orchard
was rendered bare and leafless and in some instances the woods were so
void of foliage as to remind one of winter.’ In southern [Illinois this
insect ‘made a frightful inroad upon the apple orchard, absolutely defolia-
ting every tree in large districts in 1883’ (Forbes, see citation).

Last year the caterpillars committed very extensive ravages along the
Ottawa river, stripping the aspen groves of every leaf and seriously
Injuring ‘other trees (Ottawa naturalist, 1898. 12:13).

194 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Description. This insect can be distinguished from the preceding
by the absence of the conspicuous white tents or nests. ‘The forest
tent caterpillars spin a web but it is much thinner than in the
_ case of the species commonly occurring on apple-trees, and usually |
escapes observation on account of its being attached to the side of a
limb, instead of stretched between diverging branches.

Fig. 9 Forest tent caterpillar: a, cluster of eggs;
d, female; c, top view of an egg; d, side view of sev-
eral eggs (after Riley). Fig. 10 Larva (after Riley).

The egg belts are similar to those of the preceding species, except that
the ends terminate abruptly, all the eggs standing upright (fig. 9). Each
mass is composed of about 400 eggs, the number ranging from 380 to
416, according to Dr Riley. The young caterpillars are not often
noticed. The recently hatched larvae have been characterized as ‘ black
with pale hairs and are always found either huddled together or traveling in
file along the silken paths which they form when in search of food.’ After
feeding for a time they become ‘paler or of a light yellowish brown, with
the extremities rather darker than the middle of the body, with the warts
which give rise to the hairs quite distinct, and a conspicuous dark inter-
rupted line each side of the back’ (Riley). After the second molt the
characteristic row of spots along the back appears (fig. 10) and enables
one to readily distinguish between them and the apple-tree tent caterpil-
lars. As the larvae increase in size and undergo successive molts, the
colors become brighter and more distinct. ‘The cocoon is very similar to
that of C. americana. The moth is smaller, lighter colored and may be
distinguished from that of the apple-tree tent caterpillar by the oblique
bands across the fore wings being darker instead of lighter than the
ground color.

> ged

a
’

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 195

Life history and habits. The life history and habits of this species
are very similar to those of the preceding form. ‘The winter is passed by
the fully developed larvae in the egg, as stated by several writers. With
the appearance of the first warm weather, the caterpillars emerge and if
no food is at hand, await the appearance of the leaves. While small

. they remain together, but as they approach maturity the individuals scat-

ter in much the same way as the apple-tree tent caterpillars, though
nearly full grown larvae, specially when preparing to molt, may be seen
in large clusters covering a portion of the trunk as do those of the gypsy
moth, Porthetria dispar Linn. Such an assemblage is really a pretty sight
if one has an eye for the beautiful in nature. The larvae do not become
full-grown till somewhat later than the apple-tree tent caterpillars. As
a general rule they wander everywhere the first part of June and disap-
pear by the middle of the month, though I have observed numbers
feeding the latter part of June and have seen them in the early part of
July. The cocoons resemble those of C. americana very closely, and are
found in similar places, except that the habits of this species necessitate
the pupation of the larger proportion in forests. The duration of the
pupa state is about two weeks. The moths appear the latter part of
June and during July. Dr Dyar records taking this species at electric
lights in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in 1890, from June 20 to August 4, the
adults being most abundant July 2 and 9g.

Distribution. The numerous records of serious injury by this insect

in the eastern United States and Canada. indicate that it is widely and

generally distributed. It has been reported from Mississippi north into
Canada and from Maine westward to California. Dr Dyar states (see
citation) that C. dsstvia extends throughout the range of C. americana
and C. pluvialis and also into California.

Food plants. Like the apple-tree tent caterpillar, this species can
subsist on a large variety of plants. Its favorite species of oak in the
southern states, as stated by Dr Riley, are those belonging to the same
group as the black oak. In New York and adjoining states this insect
is reported more frequently as defoliating the sugar maple than any other
tree. This injury may be owing to the fact that large sugar orchards
afford the most favorable conditions for the caterpillars in the north, and
as the maples are of greater value than forest trees, complaints of attack
are more frequent. The caterpillars have been reported by various writers
as feeding upon the following trees and shrubs: linden, maples, locust,
peach, plum, cherry, rose, strawberry, apple, sweet gum (Liguzdambar

196 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

styracifiua), dog wood, ‘black gum,’ sour gum (JVyssa sy/vatica), ash, elm
black walnut, hickory, walnut, oak, black oak, post oak, white birch,
gray birch, willow and poplar.

Natural enemies. On account of this insect’s depredations being
confined mostly to the woods, we must depend largely upon its natural
enemies to keep it in check. In 1879, William Saunders records the
destruction by a fungus disease of large numbers of larvae belonging to this
species. Professor Forbes, state entomologist of Illinois, found a great
many of these larvae dead in the southern part of that state. So fatal
was the disease that from half to three fourths of the cocoons never
yielded the imago. The next year, though enough larvae hatched to
do considerable damage, many died when they were little over half an
inch long and in some cases whole colonies were killed. Professor
Forbes has identified this disease as muscardine, and though so deadly
to the larvae, no attempt seems to have been made to cultivate and dis-
seminate the fungus.

Very few true parasites have been bred from this insect. Dr Riley
records the rearing of Zimueria fugitiva Say and William Saunders states
that Pimpla pedalis Cres. preys on this species. Simpla conguisttor
Say was reared from several pupae collected in Delaware county last
year, the proportion of the cocoons parasitized indicated that it was very
valuable in controlling this caterpillar. The following dipterous parasites
have been reported by Mr Coquillett (see citation): Huphorocera clari-
pennis Macq., Frontina frenchit W il., and Zachina mella Walk. A
number of predaceous insects prey upon the caterpillars. One of great
value is Calosoma scrutator Fabr., a species which Dr Riley characterized
as most efficient. The beautiful and equally ferocious Calosoma cahdum
Fabr., is another valuable enemy, as stated by William Saunders.
Mr Burgess (see citation) records that Calosoma wilcoxi LeC. fed readily
in confinement upon the larvae of this insect. Two predaceous hemip-
terons, Podisus plactdus Uhler and P. serieventris Uhler are also known
to feed upon the caterpillars (Kirkland, see citation). A mite, ? Zrombidium
sp., was discovered by William Saunders destroying many clusters of eggs.
The vertebrate enemies of this species are presumably as numerous, if not
more, than those of the apple-tree tent caterpillar. William Saunders cites
an instance in which a black-billed cuckoo, Coccygus erythropthalmus Wils.,
was brought to him with its crop filled with the caterpillars. It is quite
probable that many other birds feed upon this insect, possibly more than
on the apple-tree tent caterpillar, but no such records have come to
my notice. The common toad has been recorded by Mr Kirkland as

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 197

feeding on this species, though from this batrachian being confined to
the ground and occurring more abundantly in cultivated fields, it is
hardly probably that as a rule it devours many of the caterpillars.

Remedies and preventives. When this species appears in orchards
or attacks a few cherished trees on the lawn or elsewhere, most of the
methods recommended for the apple-tree tent caterpillar can be employed
against it successfully. The difficulty is not so much in controlling this
insect in the fruit orchard and on highly valued trees, as in. the forests.
The ravages in the wood lands and the extensive sugar orchards can
rarely be successfully met by the foregoing methods. In these localities
the expense attendant upon the collection of the egg belts or spraying
the trees with poison would be prohibitive in most instances. Ina
general way, recourse must be had to preventive measures. Our native
insectivorous birds should be protected from hunters and encouraged in
every possible manner. Their efficient services alone should do much to
abate the nuisance. The insect enemies of this species should be pre-
served from destruction whenever possible. In case of very severe out-
breaks, such as have occurred this year and last, it may be found
advisable to burn over the defoliated areas just after the caterpillars have
pupated, and before the moths emerge, provided there is not enough
inflammable matter on the surface to produce a fire that would seriously
injure the trees. The burning would have to be conducted with caution,
but wherever practicable, it would result in the destruction of many
insects.

Bibliography

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1862. p. 236 (description, both as C. sylvatica).

Harris, T. W. Insects injurious to vegetation. (3d ed.) 1852. p.
375: 376, pl. 7, fig. 18, 19 (described); Entomological correspondence.
1869. p. 292 (larva described, both as C. sylvatica).

198 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Ferris, Peter. Practical entomologist. 1867. 2:112, 113 (injuries
in western New York).

Walsh, B. D. Practical entomologist. 1867. 2:72 (mention), p.
112, 113 (brief account), p. 121 (mention, all as C. sylvatica).

Packard, A. S. Guide to the study of insects. 1869. p. 301
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556, fig. 37 (brief notices on various trees).

Walsh, B. D. & Riley, C. V. American entomologist. 1869.
1: 208, fig.’ 146 (brief account), p. 210, fig. 147 (mention) jase
(ravages in Missouri, all as C. sylvatica).

Moody, H. L. Canadian entomologist. 1870. 2: 176,177 (tenacity
of life in larvae, as C. sy/vatica).

Riley, C. V. Insects of Missouri. 2d Report. 1870. p. 7, 37, fig. 11
(brief mention); American entomologist and botanist. 1870. 2: 245
(mention), p. 261-66, fig. 165-68 (general account); Insects of
Missouri... 3d Report., 1871. -p. 121-29, fig. s2-54 (general) account,
— 4th Report. 1872. p.41 (parasite) ; — 8th Report. 1876. p. 23, fig.
16, 17 (ravages in the south, larvae stopping trains); U. S. Entomological
commission. 3d Report. 1883. p.8g, ror (mistaken for army worm); N.
J. State board of agriculture. 35th Report. 1888. p. 498, 499, fig. 10
(brief notice, all as C. sy/vatica).

Bethune, C. J. S. Fruit grower’s association of Ontario. Report.
1870. 1871. p. 80-82, fig. 19 (briefaccount) ; the same in Entomological
society of Ontario. 1st Report. 1871. p. 81, 82, fig. 19; Canadian ento-
mologist. 1873. 5:140,141 (mention); —1876. 8:4 (mention; ; Ento-
mological society of Ontario. 19th Report. 1889. p. 73, 74, fig. 44,45
(brief notice, all as C. sy/vatica).

Bell, J. J. Canadian entomologist. 1872. 4:199 (ravages, as
C. sylvatica).

Lintner, J. A. N.Y. State museum of natural history. 26th Report.
1872. p.147 (mention); Insectsof New York. 1st Report. 1882. p.
328 (on apple);—2d Report. 1885. p. 83 (mention); —3d Report.
1887. p.g1—93 (brief notice), p. 147 (abstract); 4th Report. 1888.
p- 178 (affected by muscardine) ; —6th Report. 1890. p. 106, 166, 186
(ravages at Kingsbury, N. Y.); — 7th Report. 1891. p.331 (mention, all
preceding as C. sy/vatica) ;— 10th Report. 1895. p. 495 (mention) ; —
11th Report. 1896. p. 265, 284 (mention); Country gentleman.
1897. 62:558 (ravages in Delaware county).

Saunders, William. Canadian entomologist. 1872. 4: 134, fig.
ro (mention); Entomological society of Ontario. Report. 1875. 1876.
p. 30, 31, fig. 8 (brief notice); Canadian entomologist. 1877. 9: 158,
159, 183,184, fig. 6 (unusually abundant); Entomological society of On-
tario. Report. 1877. p. 4 (ravages); Canadian entomologist. 1878. 10:
21, 23 (hibernation), p. 183 (ravages, enemies}; Entomological society
of- Ontario. ‘Report. 1878. °1879. ‘p.'5, 28-30, fig: 5, GN(iaveeess
habits); Canadian entomologist. 1879. 11: 187, 204 (destroyed by
fungus); Entomological society of Ontario. Report. 1879. 1880.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 199°

p- 7, 8, 22 (destroyed by fungus); Canadian entomologist. 1880. 12.
196 (mention) ; the same in Entomological society of Ontario. Report.
1880. 1881. p.g}3 Insects injurious to fruits. 1883. 1889. p. 52-57,
fig. 43-49 (general account, all preceding as C. sy/vatica); Entomo-
logical society of Ontano. z2oth Report. 1890. p. 32-34, fig. 4 (brief
nouice). .

Bessey, C. E. Iowa state agricultural society. Report. 1873.

1874. p. 231 (men‘ion, as C. sylvatica).
Lyman, H. H. Canadian entomologist. 1874. 6: 158 (abundant,

as C. sylvatica). |

Kridelbaugh, S. H. Iowa state horticultural society. Report.
1876. 1877. p. 329 (mention, as C. sylvatica). |

Gott, B. Entomological society of Ontario. Report. 1877.
Pp. 41. 42, fig. 24 (mention); — 1878. 1879. p. 56 (mention, all as
C. sylvatica).

Thomas, Cyrus. Insects of Illinois. 6th Report. 1877. p. &%9
(Calosoma scruiator preying on, as C. sylvatica). .

French, G. H. Insects of Illinois. 7th Report. 1878. p. 198.
(quotes Harris, as C. sylvatica). .

Perkins, G. H. Vt. State board of ane 5th Report. 1878.
Pp. 257-59, fv. 5, 6 (brief account); Vt. Agricultural experiment station.
Bulletion 12... 1888. p. 7; 8, fiz. 1, 2 (brief notice, as C. syfvatica);
— Bulletin 60. 1897. p. 5-9, fig. 1, 2 (ravages in Vermont in 1897).

Williams, Joseph. Entomological society of Ontario. Report.

_ 1878. 1879. p. 41 (Calosoma serufator preying on, as C. sylvatica).

Hoy, P. R. Wis. State horticultural society. Transactions. ce
9: 276-78, fiz. 6 (brief notice, as C. sylvatica). CrP.

Marten, John. Insects of Illinois. roth Report. 1881. ples 124,

fig. 36 (brief notice, as C.. sylvatica). an
Stretch, R.H. Papilio. 1881. 1:68, 69 (synonymy, notes).
Claypole,E.W. Canadian entomologist. 1883. 15:38 (mention) ;

Entomological society of Ontario. Report. 1883. 1884. p.34 (mention,
all as C. sylvatica).

Cooke, Matthew. Injurious insects of the orchard, vineyard. 1883:
p. 85-86, "fig. 55-56 (brief account, as C. sylvatica).

Forbes, S.A. Insects of Illinois. 13th Report. 1884. p. 10 (ravages
in southern Illinois); Ill. State laboratory of natural history. Bulletin.
v. 2. art. 4. 1886. p. 315-17 (muscardine disease, all as C. nakog),
Insects of Illinois. 17th Report. 1891. p. 13 (mention).

_ Dimmock, A. K. Psyche. 1885. 4: 275 (on birch, as C. sylvatica);

‘Fletcher, James. Central experimental farm (Canada). Report of
entumoloyist and botanist. 1885. p. 48, fig. 25 (mention) ; —1887. p. 24;
251g. Q, LO (brief account) ; Canadian entomologist. 1389. 28 275476;
fig 2 (mention).

Harrington, W.H. Entomological society of Ontario. icon Report.
1887. P. 27 (on maple, as C. sylvatica).

200 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

McMillan, Conway. Neb. Agricultural experiment station. v. 1.
Bulletin 2. 1888. p. 63-64 (brief notice, as C. sylvatica).

Edwards, Henry. U. S. National museum. Bulletin 35. 1880.
p. 78 (bibliography).

Riley, C. V. & Howard, L. O. Insect life. 1889. 2: 58 (stopping
trains) ;—1890. 3:157 (parasite, both as C. sy/vatica), 1891. p. 477,478
(stopping trains in North Carolina) ; —1891. 4:167 (not in Calhfornia, as
C. sylvatica).

Bruner, Lawrence. U.S. Dep't agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 22. 1890. p. 101 (food plants); Neb. Agricultural experiment
station. Bulletin 14. 1890. p. 33-38, fig. 23-26 (general account, buth
as C. sylvatica); Neb. State horticultural society. Report. 1894. p. 156
listed).

Caulfield, F. B. Entomological society of Ontario. 2oth Report.
1890. p. 64 (on oak).

Hargitt, C. W. Insect life. 1890. 3:8 (mention, as C. sylvatica).

Smith, J. B. Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey. 1890. p. 304
(listed) ; American entomological society. Transactions. 1893. 20:36
(synonymy).

Dyar,H.G. Psyche. 1891. 6: 129 (listed), 1892. p. 326, 364 (men-
tion); N. Y. Entomological society. Journal, 1894. 2:154 (synonymy) ;
Psyche., 1995... 4.189 (range),

Fernald,C.H. Mass. (Hatch) agricultural experiment station. Bul-
letin 12. 1891. p. 24-26, fig. 17, 18 (brief account).

Townsend, C. H. T. Psyche. 1891. 6: 83-85 (parasites, as C.
sylvatica).

Kirby, W. F. Synonymic catalogue of lepidoptera heterocera.
1892. 1:840 (synonymy). :

Neumoegen, Berthold & Dyar, H. G. N. Y. Entomological
society. Journal. 1&92. 2:154 (synonymy).

Comstock, J. H. & A.B. Manual for the study of insects. 1895.
p. 362 (mention).

Burgess, A. F. Mass. State board of agriculture. Report on gypsy
moth. Appendix. Jan. 1897. p. 68 (mention); — Jan. 1898. p. 107,
108 (Calosoma scrutator, C. wilcoxt preying on).

Comstock, J. H. Insect life. 1897. p. 172 (mention).

Ccquillett, D. W. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Technical series no. 7. 1897. p. 11, 16, 21, 24 (dipterous parasites).

Kirkland, A. H. Mass. (Hatch) agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 46. 1897. p. 22,25, fig. 23 (eaten by garden toa); Mass. Srate
board of agriculture. Report on gypsy moth. Appendix. Jan. 1897.
p- 56 (fedisus placidus attacking) ;—Jan. 1898. p. 118, 131 (foaisus
placidus and P. seruventis preying on).

Felt, E. P. Country gentleman. 1898. 63: 450, 551, 567, 690
(ravages in New York).

Fletcher, James avd others. Ottawa naturalist. Ap, 1898. 12:
13 (ravages along Ottawa river).

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 201

.

Harvey, F.L. Me. Agricultural experiment station. 13th Report.
1897. 1898. p. 173, 174, 177 (ravages).

Panton, J. H. Ontario agricultural college and experimental farm.
23d Report. 1898. p. 18 (mention, as C. sy/vatica).

MAMESTRA PICTA Harris
Lebra caterpillar
Ord. Lepidoptera: Fam. Noctuidae

The larva of this species has gained for itself a very unsavory reputa-
tion among agricultuiists on account of its numerous depredations on
various garden crops, it being particularly fond of cabbage and related
plants, sometimes proving very destructive to them. The present
season its previous records appear to be outdone by its occurrence in
large numbers on timothy hay put into the barn the previous day.

Remarkable demonstration. The following inquiry was received
from a correspondent of the Country gentleman:

I have just finished cutting a 20-acre lot of timothy hay, and put it in
the barn yesterday. This morning on going into the barn we found the
hay literally covered with caterpillars, say from 1$ to 1% in. long, of
a.very bright yellow color, with a black stripe from head to tail; head
red. Can you tell me what they are? Would youusethe hay? We did
not see them in the field, but the barn is alive with them.

Alexandria Bay, N. Y. W.. Cs B.
The following reply to the question in regard to the value of the hay
for feeding purposes was made:

It is most probable that the caterpillars observed had been feeding
on the grass and were accidentally taken up with the hay. Their
appearance in such large numbers on the mow indicates that the majority
will work their way out and leave the hay, since it is probably too
hard and dry to be acceptable provender. So lony as the hay retains
its normal sweet odor, even though a dead caterpillar be seen here and
there, it would be perfectly safe to feed out; but if the dead bodies are
numerous enough to contaminate it, and impart a foul odor, it would be
safer to use it for some other purpose.

In a subsequent letter with the examples requested, in order that the
identity of the species might be established, Mr Browning stated that last
year these larvae entirely destroyed his crop of oats on the 20 acres
above mentioned, and that so far as his observation went, they were con-
fined entirely to that one field. While it may be very proper to question
whether it was the larvae of Wamestra picta that caused this enormous
damage to the oats, still the weight of evidence indicates that this species

202 . NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

was the depredator. The well known, almost omnivorous habits of the
larvae and their abundance at the present season in the same field throw a
‘very strong suspicion on these caterpillars.

Description. The eggs are deposited in patches on the under sur-
face of the leaves, according to Prof. Davis. He also states that a moth
usually lays from 125 to 150 eggs, though he obtained one cluster of
452. The young larvae probably vary somewhat in appearance. Dr
Packard describes them as pale greenish, with four dark stripes on each
side. Dr Riley states that at first they are almost black, though they
soon become pale and green, while Prof. Davis found them to be ‘hairy,
speckled, white caterpillars, with a black head and black crescent on the
thorax.’ After the first molt, the appearance of the larvae is much the
saine as when matured, according to several writers. In the earlier
stages, the black dorsal stripe is divided by a median white line and the
proportionate amount of black is much less than when the larvae are
nearly mature. The brilliantly colored larva is from 13 to 2 inches

va 7

Coratheduip

Fig. 11 MAMESTRA PICTA: a, larva; 6, moth (after Riley).

long when full grown, and may then be recognized by its broad, jet-black
dorsal stripe. The two bright yellow stripes on each side are separated
by a broader black area, which is broken by numerous transverse,
irregular, white lines (fig. 11 and pl. 5). In Dr Lintner’s detailed descrip-
tion of this larva (see citation), le compares the broken, black stripe to
a series of letters: IVNW. Beneath the lower yellow line there is more
or less black, broken by irregular white lines, somewhat as in the lateral
black stripe above. The head and legs are brick red.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 203

The pupa has been described by Dr Riley as about ‘# of an inch long,
deep, shiny brown, and thickly punctate, except on the posterior border
of the joints, and specially on those three immediately below the wing
sheaths, where it is reddish and not polished ; it terminates in a blunt point
ornamented with two thorns.’ Pupation occurs underground, in a rude
earthen cell, which is lined with particles of soil interwoven with silken
threads.

The front wings of the moth are of a beautiful, rich purple-brown,
blending with a delicate lighter shade of brown in the middle. The
ordinary spots in the middle of the wing, with a third oval spot, more or
less distinctly marked behind the round one, are edged and traversed by
white lines so as to appear like delicate net work; a transverse, zig-zag,
white line, like a sprawling W, is also more or less visible near the outer
edge, on which edge there is a series of white specks ; a’few white atoms
are also sprinkled in other places on the wing. The hind wings are
white, faintly edged with brown on the upper and outer edges. ‘The head
and thorax are of the same color as the front wings, and the body has a
more grayish cast (Riley).

Life history. The young larvae may be found in clusters on their
food plants. As they increase in size, they disperse, till when full
grown they are found singly here and there. When disturbed, they curl
up and drop to the ground as do many cut-worms. Jn confinement they
have been observed to eat with great rapidity, resting frequently from
their feeding. ‘The first brood of larvae mature in this latitude the last
of June or in July. Those received from Alexandria Bay, July 19, were
about full grown, while Dr Lintner records pupation of some reared
examples on the 27th of June. The moths from these pupae emerged

August 11 to 18, and deposited eggs, the earliest of which hatched

August .20. Thus it will be seen that there are two broods in this state.
Adults emerging from pupae the latter part of May, lay eggs which pro-
duce the brood of larvae usually destructive. The moths of the second
generation fly in August, the larvae from their eggs attaining full growth
in September or October and wintering as pupae. Like cabbage, one of
its favorite food plants, the larva can withstand a considerable degree of
cold, as recorded by Walsh.

Food plants. The larvae of this species have been previously
recorded as feeding upon the following plants by various writers: Cab-
bage, cauliflower, turnip, rutabagas, mignonette, sweet pea, orange,
clover, beaa, pea, apple, currant, carrot, celery, white berry or snowberry
(Symphoricarpus racemosus), honeysuckle, burdock, aster, cranberry,

204 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

potato, beet, spinach, Jamb’s quarters (Chenopodium album), smartweed,
buckwheat, willow, spruce, asparagus and corn. )

Though the insect is not abundant on all the plants mentioned above,
and probably feeds on certain of them only under exceptional condi-
tions, yet the list is so extended, including 29 species or varieties and
representing 18 natural orders, that it is very ditficult to say what the
caterpillars will not attack. It is probable that farther study would
show that the larvae feed on a number of other grasses besides those
_ recorded at the beginning of this notice.

Distribution. This insect appears, from the record of its injuries,
to be widely and generally distributed over the United States and the
southern part of Canada. Its depredations have been reported from
most of the eastern states from Massachusetts to Florida, in many of the
central and western states, and in southern California and the state of
Washington.

Natural enemies. Several parasites have been reared from this
insect. Ophion pureatum Say has been bred from this species by Mr
Caulfield. As this parasite is one which has been found attacking the
army worm, Leucania unipuncta Haw., in numbers, it is of importance to
know that it also preys on this species. Lzmneria annulipes Cres. has been
reared from this Mamestra (/msect life. 1890. 3:17). Another parasite
which has been bred by several observers, is AZicroplitis mamestrae Weed.
It has the peculiar habit of attaching its brown, ribbed cocoons between
the anal prolegs of its victim. TZelenomus helothidis Ashm. has been
reared from the eggs of this insect by Prof. Davis, who found that it
destroyed from two thirds to three fourths of most clusters. Dr James
Fletcher has reared two egg parasites,a Z7vichogvamma and another black
Proctotrypid, in large numbers. Prof. Davis also records an attack on
the eggs of this species by two insects. The adult of Megilla maculata
DeGeer devours the eggs, shell and all, while the tarnished plant bug
(probably Zygus pratensis Linn.) sucks out the contents and leaves the
shell nearly entire. The common toad is reported by Mr Kirkland as
feeding on the caterpillars.

Remedies. The gregarious habits of the young caterpillars render
their destruction by hand picking comparatively easy. They can be
killed by spraying with paris green and water, at the rate of one pound
to 150 or 200 gallons. In cases where it is undesirable to poison their
food plants, the caterpillars can be controlled by the use of fresh pyreth-
rum, hellebore or kerosene emulsion.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 205

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206 : NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

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3: 149 (feeding on silk of growing corn).

Forbes, S. A. Ill. State laboratory of natural history. Bulletin,
Vv. 2. art. 4. 1886. p. 305-12 (experiments with contagious diseases).

Weed, C. M. Ill. State laboratory of natural history. Bulletin.
v. 3. art. 1. 1887. p. 2,3. (A¢ecropiitis mamestrae reared); Ohio agri-
cultural experiment station. Bulletin. v.1.no. 1 (tech. ser). 1889. p.
23 (listed as clover insect, bibliography) ; Insects and insecticides. 1891.
p. 194-96. fig. 103 (life history, remedies) ; Ohio agricultural experiment
station. Bulletin. v, 4,no. 2.. 1891. p. 50, fig. 4 (brief notice).

. Edwards, Henry. U.5. National museum. Bulletin 35. 1889. p.
86 (bibliography).

Orcutt, I. H. Dak. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 13.
1889. p. 20 (brief notice, as Cevamica).

Riley, C. V. & Howard, L.O. Insect life. 1889. 1: 382 (in
Colorado, as Ceramica); — 1890. 3:17, 157 (M/urcplitis mamestrae and
Limneria annulipes parasites); — 1893. 5: 287 (range, food plants).

Smith, J. B. Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey. 1890. p. 310
(listed) ; U.S. National museum. Proceedings. 1891. 14: 231 (synonymy,
description, distribution); — Bulletin 44. 1893. p. 120 (synonymy, dis-
tribution); N. J. Agricultural experiment station. Report. 1894. 1895.
p. 448 (injuring cabbages.)

_ Howard,L. O. Insect life. 1892. 5:99 (injuries to cabbage).

Weed, H. E. Miss. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 2r.
1892. p. 7, fig. 9 (brief notice).

Davis, G. C. Mich. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin roz.
1893. p. 24-27, fig. 15 (injuring celery).

Sirrine, F. A. N.Y. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 83.
1894. p. 684 (mention).

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 207

Comstock, J.H. & A.B. Manual forthe study ofinsects. 1895. p.
305, fig. 369, 370 (brief notice).
. Garman, Harrison. Ky. Agricultural experiment station. 7th
Report. 1894. 1895. p. 36 (listed).

Piper, C. V. Washington state agricultural experiment station. Bul-
deftineey. 1895.) p..53, 54 (brief notice).

‘Taft, L.R. & Davis, G.C. Mich. Agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin raz. 1895. p. 61, fig. 45 (mention). 7

Hopkins, A. D. & Rumsey, W. C. W. Va. Agricultural usa
ment station. Bulletin 44. 1896. p. 295 (mention).

‘Lugger, Otto. Minn. Agricultural experiment station. Report
» 1895. .1896..p. 174,240. (mention);— 1st Report of entomologist
1895. 1896. p. 78 (the same).
_.Quaintance, A. L. Fla. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
34. 1896. p. 290 (mention).

Kirkland, A. H. Mass. (Hatch) agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 46. 1897. p. 23, 25, fig. 25 (larvae eaten by toad).
_ Chittenden, F. H. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin ro (new series). 1898. p. 61 (on asparagus).
_ Barrows, W. B. & Pettit. R.H. Mich. Agricultural experiment
station. Bulletin 160. 1898. p. 425, fig. 20 (brief account).

Felt, E. P. Country gentleman. 1898. 63:586 (abundance in
timothy and probably in oats).

Harvey, F.L. Me. Agricultural experiment station. 13th Report.
1897. 1898. p. 173, fig. 3 on plate (injuries in Maine).

XYLINA ANTENNATA Walker *
Ord. Lepidoptera: Fam. Noctuidae

The extensive defoliation of soft maples by the larvae of this species
at Schenectady and presumably at other places in the state, is another
instance of how destructive comparatively unknown species may become,
provided conditions are favorable.

Recent injuries. The numerous soft maples at Schenectady were
practically stripped of their foliage by hordes of light green caterpillars.
On June 20, many were to be seen on the affected trees, not infrequently
50 to 100 on asingletrunk. On the sidewalks, along the curbing and in
the roadway, larvae were crawling hither and thither. Even were one

a Determined by Drs H. G. Dyarand J, B. Smith.

208 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

deprived of sight, the peculiar odor arising from the thousands of larvae
gave ample evidence of their presence, and the abundance of the cater-
pillars called to mind, forcibly, the numerous fields swarming with army
worms in 1896. At Albany, only 17 miles distant, there was no sign or
injury to the soft maples. A search at that time was not rewarded by a
single caterpillar. As far west as Herkimer, on the Mohawk river, on
the Raquette river in St Lawrence county, and in Schoharie county,
many soft maples were defoliated. In some cases this was probably the
work of Xylina larvae, though the forest tent caterpillar, C/szocampa dis-
stria Hiibn., was abundant and may have caused the mischief. In Mas-
sachusetts a green larva was quite destructive to soft maples, as stated by
Mr R. H. Cooley. This depredator may be the same species that
proved so destructive in New York. Ina letter referring the larvae to
Xylina, Dr Dyar states that in 1897 they were quite common on
maples at Bellport, L. I., but less abundant, though plenty, the present
season.

Comparatively unknown. An examination of the literature relat-
ing to this insect shows that it is comparatively unknown to economic
entomology. specially as a defoliator of maple or other trees, though
Dr Riley, in his 3d report on the insects of Missouri, states that for
several years he had known the larvae to be common on apple, poplar,
hickory and some other trees, the leaves of which they devour. This
species, in conjunction with Xylina laticinerea Grote and X. grote Riley,
was reported in 1896 by Prof. Slingerland of the Cornell agricultural
experiment station, as quite 1: jurious to fruits in the state, more speci-
ally in the western part. Extensive injuries to apples in Orleans
county, N. Y., were also reported to Dr Howard the same year. Pre-
vious to that, there had been but one record of injuries in New York
by this species and that was in 1877. In other states there have been,
a few instances of these insects attacking fruits. In 1870, Dr Riley
received several complaints of injury by the larvae of this insect to
peaches and apples. [In 1888, it was somewhat injurious to apples
and a bulletin by Prof. F. H. Hillman, of the Nevada agricultural ex-
periment station, records serious injuries in 18g0 to roses by the same
insect,

Description. The larvae of this species are stout, smooth, light
green, cutworin-like caterpillars measuring from 1 to 13 inches im length
when full grown. The head is pale yeilowish green. There is a rather
broad yellowish white or white dorsal stripe along the body, a narrower
white sub-dorsal stripe, a broken, faint lateral stripe of the same color
and an irregular white stigmatal stripe. The tubercles are rather large

“y .

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 209

and white, and the skin is minutely spotted with the same color. Prof.
Slingerland (see citation) states that in the larvae of X. gvofez both
edges of the stigmatal stripe are well defined, while in those of X. anten-
mata the upper edge is much broken or indented. He finds that the
sub-dorsal stripe is more continuous in the latter, it being composed
of three or four irregular spots on each segment in X. gvotez. He sepa-
rates the larvae of X. daticinerea from those of X. antennata by the posi-
tion of the stigmatal stripe, which is just above the spiracles, except the
one at each extremity, in the former species, while in the latter it is
mostly below the spiracles.

Fig. 12 XYLINA ANTENNATA (original).’

4

The moth (fig. 12) is ashy gray with indistinct, rather variable markings.
Sometimes it resembles X. /aticinerea so closely that only an authority
on the family can separate the species. So close is the resemblance
between these forms, that at first the Jarvae depredating on the maples
were referred by Dr Dyarto X. grofec and X. laticinerea, the determina-
tion being based on examples named by Dr Smith some years ago. The
subsequent studies of the latter have somewhat modified his views as to
the limitation of these species, and have Jed to a renaming of those at
the U.S. National Museum. These forms are undoubtedly very close to
each other, though Prof.. Slingerland has found differences in the male

genitalia of X.antennata and X. grotet.

Definition of the species. In opposition to this view, Dr Riley
regarded the above-named forms as but varieties of the species under
discussion.

Writing of this family in 1871, he states that great variability is char-
acteristic of these moths, that only the more strikingly marked should be
described, and adds that no doubt many of the so-called species will
turn out to be but varieties. In a communication from Prof. G. H.
Hudson of the State normal school at Plattsburg, N. Y., he writes:
‘After some years of trial and with over 800 specimens for comparison,
I have come to the conclusion that Xy/ina antennata, X. laticinerea and

210 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

X. grotei are one and the same species.’ Differences in the time of
flight have been observed by Prof. Hudson in the case of closely
related species, as, for example, Zyfrepia virgo Linn. and L£yprepia
parthenice Kirby, their periods being well separated except for a few
stragglers. The same he found true in the case of Feltia herils Grote
and Feltia subgothica Haw., but not so with the species under dis-
cussion. During several years of collecting, Prof. Hudson has taken
these moths (X. antennata, X. laticinerea and X. grotet) from Sep. 25
into early November, they being most abundant from the last of Septem-
ber throughout October, and from March 2 to May 2, occurring in the
spring in greatest numbers from about March 20 to April13. He also
writes: ‘I have taken specimens at sugar while the grass and pools of
shallow water were freezing at my feet. The moths probably kept in the
warmer upper layers. J have taken them when the temperature 6 feet
from the ground was but 3 degrees Centigrade but never belowthis. On
one of these occasions, a very light snow was falling, yet I found a single
specimen feeding at sugar at 6.30 p.m. This was on April 2, 1889.’

Life history. Usually the larvae are not observed till May or June.
They complete their growth by the middle of the latter month, enter the
ground and pupate an inchor more below the surface. They remain in
the quiescent stage till September, when most of them emerge. ‘Though
some hibernate as pupae, the majority pass the winter as adults. It has
been stated that in the south, the eggs are deposited on the under sur-
face of the leaves. No record of the oviposition in the north has been
made.

Food habits. Though comparatively little is known about the food
habits of this species, it is probably a somewhat general feeder. Dr
Riley records attacks by the larvae of X. antennatz on apples, peaches,
oak galls, hickory leaves and those of other forest trees. Their feeding
upon rose buds and maple foliage has already been-mentioned. The
extensive defoliation of the soft maples would indicate, however, that
the species becomes abundant only when climatic and other conditions
favor its rapid development upon some favorite food plant like the soft
‘~ maple. In his bulletin, Prof. Slingerland adds peas, plums, currants and
quinces to the list of fruits injured and states that one grower had to
watch the buds on grafted pears to prevent their being destroyed.

Farther observations may greatly extend the list of known food plants.

Natural enemies. Two hymenoptera, JZesochorus agilis Cres. and
Meteorus hyphantriae Riley, were reared from X. /aticinerea by Prof. Sling-
erland. They would probably attack X. azéennata with equal readiness.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 211

The latter parasite is a very efficient enemy of the fall web worm,
fiyphantria cunea Drury. In addition to these, I have reared examples
of the red-tailed tachina fly, Winthemia 4-pustulata Fabr., a species
which has frequently rendered most valuable aid in controlling the army
worm, Leucania unipuncta Haw.

Remedies. In most cases the parasites and the native birds will
keep this species under control. The outbreak chronicled in the pre-
ceding pages is out of the usual order and may not occur again for
years. In such event, resort may be had to spraying the infested trees
with the arsenites. If the application is made before the caterpillars are
more than half grown, serious injury to the trees may be averted. If the
spraying is impracticable, many of the descending caterpillars can be
killed by inclosing the trunks of the infested trees with a low over-
hanging barricade ard then treating the collected larvae with hot water,
kerosene emulsion or other contact insecticide. Small trees can be pro-
“tected by jarring the caterpillars from them, and if sticky bands are
placed around the trunk no larvae can ascend to continue their
destructive work. In fruit orchards, as pointed out by Prof. Slingerland,
spraying before the fruit appears or jarring are about the only measures
that can be reijied upon in combating these pests.

Bibliography of Xylina antennata Walker

Riley, C. V. American entomologist and botanist. 1870. 2: 245
(injuring fruits, etc., as Xy/zza sp.); Insects of Missouri. 3d Report.
1871. p. 134-36, fig. 57 (larva and moth described, as Xv/ina ctnerea) ;
U.S. Entomological commission. Bulletin 6, [Index to the 9 Missouri
Reports]. £88r. p. 74, 75 (descriptions as in preceding); Papilio. 1882.
2: 101, 102 (gro/ez and J/aticinerea regarded as varieties).

Grote, A. R. Peabody academy of science. 6th Report. 1874. p.
34 (brief notice, as Lithophane cinerea); U.S. Geological and geographical
survey of the territories. Bulletin. 1879. 5: 201 (cémereu referred to
antennata); Papilio. 1881. 1:127 (cinmerea=antennata); Canadian ento-
mologist. 1894 26:79 (cinerea: antennata).

Thaxter, Roland. Psyche. 1877. 2:37 (common in Newton,
Mass., at light, Mar., Ap., May, Sep., Oct., as Lithophane cinerea).

Fernald, C. H. Papilio. 1882. 2:63 (cinerea Riley =antennata
Walker).

Saunders, William. Insects injurious to fruits. 1883. 1889.
p. 138, 139, fig. 145 (brief notice, as Lithophane).

Harvey, F. L. Me. Agricultural experiment station. Report.
1888. 1889. p. 176, fig. 26 (injuring apples, as Lithophane).

Edwards, Henry. U.S. National museum. Bulletin 35. 1889.
p- 92 (bibliography, as Lzthophune).

S12 > NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Hillman, F. H. Nev. Agricultural experiment station. Bulletin 9.
1890. p. t—4 (burrowing in rose buds, as Lithuphane).

Webster, F. M. Insect life. 1890. 2: 383 (early appearance, as
Lithophane).

Smith, J. B. Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey. 1890. p.
319 (listed); U. S. National museum. Bulletin 44. 1893. p. 228
(synonymy); Economic entomology. 1896. p. 300, fig. 338 (mention).

Slingerland, M. V. Cornell Agricultural experiment station.
Bulletin 123. 1896. p. 509, 514 and following, pl. 1 (general account).

Howard, L. O. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 7. 1897. p. 84 (extensive injuries to apples in O:leaus county).

Felt, E. P. Schenectady daily union. June 20, 1898. p. 2 (notice
ofravages); Albany evening journal. June 21, 1898 (mention) ; Country
gentleman. June 23, 1898. 63: 491 (menuon, all the preceding as
?LVadata gibbosa) ; Schenectady daily union. July 8, 1898. p.5 (corrects
reference); Country gentleman. July 14, 1898. 63: 551 (corrects refer-
ence, ravages in the state, both as X. czverea or X. laticinerea).

Since both Xylina grotezand X. laticinerea are closely related to, if not varieties of, the pre-
ceding form, their bibliographies are also given.

Bibliography of Xylina grotei Az/ey
Grote, A. R. U. S. Geological and geographical survey of the
territories. Bulletin. 1879. 5: 202 (original description); New check
list of North American moths. 1882. p. 33 (listed, both as Lzthophane
cinerosa); Canadian entomologist. 1887. 19: 54 (mention, as Lztho-
phane grotez Riley).

Riley, C. V. Papilio. 1882. 2: 102 (gvofet proposed for cinerosa).

Smith, J.B. U.S. National museum, Bulletin 44. 1893. p. 229
(synonymy).

Slingerland, M.V. Cornell agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
123. 1896. p. 509, 518, pl. 3, fig. a-f (general account).

Bibliography of Xylina laticinerea Grote

Grote, A. R. Buffalo society of natural sciences. Bulletin. 1874.
2:27 (original description); Check list of noctuidae of America, north
of Mexico. 1875. 1:15 (listed); New check list of North American
moths. 1882. p. 33(listed, all as Lzthophane).

Thaxter, Roland. Psyche. 1877. 2:80 (taken at Newton, Mass.,
common at sugar, Sep., Oct., as Lzthophane).

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 213

2

French, G. H. Insects of Illinois. 7th Report. 1878. p. 227 (men-
tion, as Lithophane).

Riley, C. V. Papilio. 1882. 2: 102 (var. of antennata).

Edwards, Henry & Elliot,S.L. Papilio. 1883. 3:135 (food
plant, larva described, as Lithcghane).

Edwards, Henry. U.S. National museum. Bulletin 35. 1889.
| p. 92 (bibliography, as LZ7thophane).

Packard, A.S. U. S. Entomological commission. 5th Report.
1890. p. 526 (reared from wild cherry, as Lithophance).

Smith, J.B. U. S. National museum. Bul'etin44. 1893. p. 229
(listed); Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey. 1890. Dp. 31g (listed).

Lugger, Otto. Minn. Agricultural experiment station. Entomolo-
gist. ist Report. 1895. 1896. p.146[p. 242 of the station report]
(dates of capture).

Slingerland, M. V. Cornell agricultural experiment station. Bulle-
finezz. 1996. p. 509, 516, 517, pl. 2, pl. 5, fig..c, d (general account).

Howard, L. O. U. S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.

Technical series no. 5. 1897. p. 23 (parasite mentioned).

LECANIUM TULIPIFERAE Cook
Tulip-tree scale
Ord. Hemiptera: Subord. Homoptera: Fam. Coccidae

The tulip-tree is commonly unaffected by insects, but in this large
species of Zecanium it finds an enemy that occasionally causes consider-
able injury. Several twigs from a tulip-tree, showing a very bad condi-
tion of affairs (fig. 13), were received on October 11, from Mr Alfred
Pell, of Highland Falls, N. Y., with an inquiry as to the nature of the
attack. ‘The insects were so crowded on portions of the bark, that the
old scales were huddled together and badly deformed. Under a lens
it was seen that thousands of young had established themselves in the
immediate vicinity of their parents, almost covering the bark in many
places (fig. 14), while a few occurred along the veins of the leaves. The
young were still issuing from the parents, as a number of paler indivi-
duals were to be seen crawling over the twigs. Branches of Magnolia
Soulangeana badly infested by this species have also been received
recently from Fishkill-on-the-Hudson.

Earlier injuries by this species. In 1878 this scale insect was
mentioned by Prof. Cook as one that frequently destroys tulip-trees in

a Referred to LZ. ¢i/zae Fitch by some authors.

214 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Michigan. He states it was so abundant in 1870 on the college grounds
at Lansing, Mich., that some of the trees were killed outright and others
much injured. In the Aural Wew Yorker of May 10, 1890, a more

- ~ ——— ae —_- ee iae
a 3 ee a nn ee — = .

Fig. 13 LECANIUM TULIPIFERAE (original).

serious outbreak of this species is recorded at River Edge, Bergen
county, N. J. Three years before, the tulip-trees in that vicinity were
attacked by this scale insect,'and at the time the notice was written, not
only had trees in front yards been rendered worthless, but the lower
branches of thuse growing wild had been killed. Serious injuries to tulip-
trees in 1896 at Hartford, Ct., have been reported by Dr Sturgis,.of
the Connecticut agricultural experiment station, and Dr J. B. Smith, of
the New Jersey agricultural experiment station, the same year observed
a serious attack by this insect in his state.

Description. The adult females are among the largest of those
belonging to the genus. Some received measured ; inch in diameter.
The scale is light brown, mottled with dark brown, and very con-
vex. The under surface is concave, and in the examples before me,
there are two pairs of ventral, transverse, white lines composed of
short cottony filaments, one on each side near the middle and the oblis
que pair nearer one extremity, probably the anterior. Both are inter;
rupted in the middle. The young at this time (October) range in color
from a light brown to almost black. The abdominal segments ‘are
sharply defined, the caudal extremity is notched, and from the tips of the
last segment there extends a pair of delicate flaments. The young have
a general resemblance to tiny trilobites.

:

Life history. No signs of eggs were to be seen, though Prof. Cook
describes them as small, yellow and oval. On examining the adults, a

——. *

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 215

number of young were found underneath. Apparently the species is
viviparous in this latitude, as recorded of it farther south by Dr Riley.

‘In Florida all stages have been observed during the winter and it hiber-

Fig.14 Young of LECANIUM TULIPIFERAE, much enlarged (original),

nates as larvae at Washington, D. C., according to Dr Riley. The num-
erous young on the branches and those still issuing would indicate that
the larvae must hibernate in this stage. The only observed difference in

‘ October between those which had issued some time before and those

emerging, was in the color. The older ones still retained the larval form,
but they had turned black, were closely applied to the bark and attached
by a slender thread. In this condition they were apparently ready for
hibernation, since upon being disturbed there was no effort to move off,
as in the case of younger individuals. .

In this latitude there is probably but one annual generation, as there
is little chance that young would be produced earlier here than in Mich-
igan. Prof. Cook states that they appear late in August.

This insect produces a large amount of honey dew, which has a
nauseating odor. It has also been observed on clover by Prof. Cook.
A parasite, Coccophagus flavoscutellum Ashm., has been reared from this
scale insect (Howard, see citation).

’ Remedies. In case of a bad infestation, it would be well to scrape
all the old insects from the branches in the autumn, and then treat the
infested limbs ‘with either whale oil soap or kerosene emulsion. If this
is undertaken before many young have emerged, the trees should be
nearly freed from the pest.

216 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Bibliography

Cook, A. J. Canadian entomologist. 1878. 10: 192-95, fig. 1
(life history, remedies, original description); the same in Ento-
mological society of Ontario. Report. 1878. 1879. p. 20, 21, 1 fig.;
the same in American naturalist. 1879. 13: 324-26, fig. 1-6; Grasses of
North America (Beal, W. J.). 1887. 1: 374 (on clover).

Comstock, J. H. Cornell agricultural experiment station. 2d
Report. 1883. p. 136 (LZ. “hae and L. tulipiferae listed, the latter
probably a synonym).

Weed, C. M. Ohio agricultural experiment station. Bulletin r.
(tech. ser.) 1889. 1:39 (on clover, as Z. “liae).

Carman, E.S. Rural New Yorker. 1890. 49:298, fig. go (serious
injuries to lindens).

Riley, C. V., & Howard,:L.O. Insect life. 1890. 3: 28)29
(mention).

Cockerell, T. D. A. Canadian entomologist. 1894. 26: 32, no. 50
(listed) ; Ill. State laboratory natural history. Bulletin. 1896. 4: 333, no.
533 (listed); U. S. National museum. Proceedings. 1897. 19:726,730,
731 (on linden, as ZL. “/zae).

Riley, C. V. Entomological society of Washington. Proceedings.
1894. 3: 69 (viviparous).

Howard, L. O. U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Technical series no. 1. 1895. p. 12, 13,37 (Coccophagus fiavoscutellum
Ashm. reared).

Lintner, J. A. N: Y. State museum. Bulletin 13. 1595. 4° eae
(viviparous); the same in Insects of New York. 11th Report. 1895.
18967 Op. 220.

Smith, J.B. N. J. Agricultural experiment station. Report. 1896.
1897. p. 441 (injuries). |

Sturgis, W.C. Ct. Agricultural experiment station. 1gth Report.
1895. 1896. p. 193 (injuries in Hartford, Ct., as LZ. “lae.)

Felt, E. P. American gardening. Oct. 29,1898. 19: 742 (remedies).

LEPISMA DOMESTICA Packard
Bristle-tail; Fish-moth
Ord. Thysanura: Subord. Cinura: Fam. Lepismidae
The so-called bristle-tail, fish-moth, silver-fish, etc., Lepzsma saccharina
Linn., is a rather common insect about houses, though it is rarely seen.
The work of this insect and the allied Lepisma domestica Packard is often
seen among books and-papers that have been allowed to remain undis-
turbed for a number of years. These insects have a liking for paper,
specially the heavier grades, starch, paste, etc. They have even been

ea

or

2 eg ae ee oe a> ——

ae ea tae

ae

Pay

ee

4
—

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 217

_ known to cause the wall paper in a house to scale off by feeding on the

starch paste. In museums they are frequently troublesome on account of
their habit of eating away the surface of the labels. In one case coming
under my observation at Fort Plain,.N. Y., the labels were so badly
eaten as to be illegible in a number of instances, and in one or two

cases the fragments dropped from the blocks to which they had been

tacked. These insects even worked their way into wooden boxes
containing microscopic preparations and attacked the labels gummed
on the glass slips. Another instance of their destructiveness is shown
in the accompanying reproduction from a photograph of a senate bill,
which had been undisturbed in the office for about 16 years
(fig. 15). It is most probable the work of JLefisma domestica,
as it has subsequently been taken in the office. Both of these species

Fig. 15 — Work of Lepisma (original).

are small and shun the light, running very rapidly to a place of conceal-
ment on the slightest alarm. They are slender, silvery gray, wingless
insects, belonging to the lowest order, Thysanura. Their long, fragile
antennae and delicate anal filaments render it very difficult to capture a
specimen unbroken. Lefisma domestica is represented very much en-

218 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

larged in the accompanying figure. ‘This insect is found so generally dis-
tributed over houses that it is difficult to use insecticides against it
successfully. Fresh pyrethrum kills it readily and may be used wherever

Fig. 16 LepismMA pomestica ( After Marlatt: U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology,
Bulletin 4).

practicable. Asa rule not much damage is done except in rather moist
situations or where objects are undisturbed for a series of years, as in the
case of the senate bill illustrated above.

The following are the principal references to this species.

Packard, A.S. Peabody academy of science. 5th Report. 1873.
p. 48 (original description). |

Lintner, J. A. Insects of New York. 4th Report. 1888. p. 179
(injuring labels, etc., as Lepisma domestica); — 6th Report. 1890.
p. 190 (eating lace, paper boxes, as Lepisma domestica) ; — 1oth Report
1895. p. 519 (mention). |

Bergroth, Evald. Entomologica americana. 1890. 6: 233 (re-
ferred to Zhermobia).

Marlatt, C. L. U. S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology.
Bulletin 4 (new series). 1896. p. 76-78, fig. 77 (general account, as
Lepisma).

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 219

EURYPELMA HENTZII Girard
Molting of a Tarantula

Class Arachnida: Ord. Araneida: Fam. Theraphosidae

Though not of economic importance and a native of the southern
states, this spider has excited so much popular interest that it is deemed
worthy of a brief notice.

This large female tarantula, a gift to the division by Dr J. M.
Bigelow of Albany, came into my custody last January. For the preced-
ing two years, she had been kept as a pet by her owner, he having
secured her from a dealer in bananas and other fruits. At the time the
spider came into the doctor’s possession, she was nearly half grown,
About the latter part of 1896, she molted or cast her old skin, which is in
the state collection.

Habits. Though this and related species are said to prey upon
insects and other small creatures, this specimen attacked none of the
cockroaches and other forms put into her cage or manifested any interest
in them during the early part of the year. Meat placed in her cage was
apparently untouched. A banana.skin excited some attention, but there
were no signs of her feeding upon it. Apparently, she had taken only
large quantities of water during the first half of the year, though much
that was put into her cage must have evaporated. Sometime after molt-
ing, she devoured a large piece of fresh meat with great eagerness and
subsequently has taken it readily every few days.

Molting. On July 21, the tarantula shed its skin for the second
time. since it has been in captivity. Those familiar with insects,

spiders and related creatures, are aware that they are incased in a hard,

more or less unyielding integument. Increase of size is permissible only
when the old skin is shed and one that has been newly formed beneath

expands to the requisite degree. ‘This is a process constantly occurring
in nature and ever excites interest in the beholder. When a large spider,

three inches long, throws off the old integument, it is a thrilling sight.
In the present case the tarantula had evidently been feeling unwell for
some days, a condition frequently preceding this process among insects,
and that morning she was found lying on her back and apparently dead,
but moved a little upon being disturbed. She lay thus till about quarter
past twelve when the rustling her movements made excited attention.

‘The old skin had then ruptured around the thorax in such a manner that

the top could be removed entire and through this opening the giant
spider was literally working out of her old skin (see plate 6.) This
was accomplished by the aid of the eight legs and the two leg-like

220 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

palpi. At the end of an hour the change had been effected. The spider
lay upon her back, beside the perfect skin, resting from the severe
exertion. .

Some idea of the perfect condition of the skin may be obtained from
plates 6, 7, which is a reproduction from photographs of the dorsal and
ventral surface of the exuvia. The dorsal aspect (see plate 6) shows very
plainly the coxal cavities (¢) and the line of rupture of the cephalo-
thoracic dorsal piece (2), which was laid back and to one side in order
to give a fuller representation of other parts. The more delicate abdomi-
nal covering (e) was torn a little during the process of molting and more
when the skin was mounted. ‘The position of the eyes (4) is shown very
nicely on the dorsal covering of the cephalo-thorax. The poison fangs.
can be seen distinctly between the palpi (f) in the view of the ventral.
aspect (see plate 7). Their shiny black surface reflected so much light
that they appear nearly white.

This tarantula was unusually large before she molted and is now of still
greater size. Anidea of the increase in size attendant upon molting
may be gained by comparing the dimensions of the dorsal piece of
the skin shed about the latter part of 1896 when under the care of
Dr Bigelow and the one cast in July. The first measures 1 inch and the
second measures 1+ inches in length. Therefore, the present dorsabh
piece will probably be proportionately larger when fully expanded.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 24

MINTS‘ ABOUL INSECTICIDES |

A knowledge of the life history and habits of most of our insects is at
present limited to comparatively few species and the number of well-
known forms will probably ever remain relatively small. In spite of this
drawback, destructive insects must be controlled or crops will be ruined.
In many cases very precious time is wasted if the owner of a field must
submit examples of the depredator to an expert at the experiment station

_or elsewhere, in order to ascertain the proper remedy. While establish-

ing the identity of an insect is extremely important, the farmer, whose corn
is being devoured at the rate of an acre a day by the army worm, is more
concerned to know the best methods of fighting the pest than to learn its
scientific name. Though the injuries by insects are not always so strik-
ing as in the case of the army worm, the great advantage in controlling
them at the inception of the attack can not be overestimated. It is a
well-known fact that many insects succumb more readily to insecticides
when young than later. This is not only true of scale insects, but applies
to certain caterpillars and other forms. ‘Though insecticides and their
action have frequently been explained, the facts show, most conclusively
great need of instruction in their use.

How insects feed. Before attempting to control an insect, we must
first ascertain how it can be affected. The large amounts of paris green
and similar substances used, at once suggest the idea of poisoning its
food. But can the insect under consideration be killed in that manner P
As paris green is effective only when taken internally, and is practically
insoluble in water, it must be eaten with the food before the depredator
can be killed. In other words paris green and similar poisons can be
employed successfully against those insects only which bite off and
swallow their food, and even then it is limited to cases where the poison
can be applied to parts eaten. It is not enough to ascertain merely that
the pest is one that devours, but the portion of the plant consumed must
be known and the application made where it will be eaten. In the case
of the apple-tree tent caterpillar, which devours the entire leaf, it makes
little difference whether the poison be applied to the upper or under
surface of the foliage, except that when on the latter it is less likely to
be washed off by rains. It is a very important matter in the case of the
elm-leaf beetle, whose larvae feed only on the under side of the leaves,
rarely rupturing the upper epidermis, and for this reason poison applied
to the upper side ofthe leaf would have little or no effect on them.
Other biting insects are found in places where it is practically impossible
to poison their food. Such are the leaf miners, tiny larvae that obtain all

222, NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

their sustenance between the upper and lower epidermis of one leaf, the
Jarvae tunneling apples and other fruits, or the borers in the trunks of trees,

The practical farmer or fruit grower soon learns that another class of
insects is not affected by such internal poisons as have been mentioned,
Each season several reports are received at my office stating that paris
green has no effect when sprayed on trees infested with aphids or plant
lice. The simple reason for this is, that these forms belong to a large
class known as sucking insects, because they extract the fluids upon
which they live through a delicate beak inserted into the tissues. Con-
sequently particles of internal poisons lying upon the surface of a food
plant have no effect, as the tip of the tiny beak is beneath the surface when
the insect draws its fill. It is not difficult to recognize these sucking
insects by their work, and one soon becomes familiar with their general
aspect. They never devour portions of plants. The most common
evidence of injury is the withering or wilting of either entire leaves or
limited portions. A small lens will readily show whether the injury is due
to a biting or sucking insect. Some of the more common species falling
in this latter class are all plant lice, scale insects and the larger forms
like the squash bug, the four-lined leaf bug and their allies.

Operation of contact insecticides. Asa rule it is best to protect
a plant by applying paris green or other poison to its foliage, provided
the insect is one that devours. Otherwise, recourse must be had to con-
tact insecticides, that is, to substances that will kill an insect when
brought into contact with it. None of those commonly used are so
deadly to insect life, that they will kill by simply touching the victim, at
a single point. They operate by closing or choking the breathing pores
or spiracles, along the sides of the caterpillar, or they may exert a para_
lyzing influence through these orifices. ‘Therefore it will be seen at once
that success will be in proportion to the thoroughness with which the
treatment is performed. Insects not hit by the contact insecticide are
unharmed, those barely touched, if affected at all, may recover, Only
those well covered with the substance succumb. It is by no means easy to
secure the des?red results, even with the aid of a good spraying apparatus.
Some insects take flight so quickly that it is practically impossible to hit
many with a spray. Among these are the small leaf hoppers which are
sometimes very injurious to certain plants, and about the only way they
can be killed is by catching them on sticky fans or screens carried
between the rows. Many plant lice secrete a woolly substance which
serves to protect them from the action of insecticides, The drop of
honey dew on the young pear psylla andthe hard covering of many
scale insects serve the same purpose. ‘The, attacks of some plant lice
cause the leaves to curl and thus they are protected from deadly sprays.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 223

It will be readily seen that the correct application of an insecticide
involves a number of considerations. If it is not done properly the
effort is useless, and money is lost in the labor wasted and on the poor
crop resulting.

Useless remedies. Avoid patent remedial preparations, specially
those that are advertised to kill most, if not all insects, and act as a fer-
tilizer in the bargain. A large corps of trained workers in experiment
stations and other public positions are at present engaged in searching
for new insecticides and in determining the best methods of applying
them. Recommendations from such sources can usually be relied upon.
Some of the preparations sold in the markets undoubtedly are of value,
but they owe their efficacy to well-known substances and not to certain
secret compounds. The great objection to this class of insecticides is
that the farmer pays several times the value of the article, because it is in
a disguised form, and he is usually ignorant of its nature, There are other
remedies which are totally worthless, having no intrinsic value of them-
selves. One of the most persistently advertised of these is the
old trick of plugging a tree with sulfur or other substance in order
to render the sap distasteful to insects of all kinds. This is a fascinating
theory, but has absolutely no basis in fact. ‘The safest way is to disre-

gard all innovations till they have been duly tested at experiment
stations or by other known authorities.

Preventives. The old proverb, ‘ An ounce of prevention is worth a
pound of cure,’ is most emphatically true in controlling insects. Un-
favorable weather, a rush of work or other causes may enable an insect —
to commit serious injuries before it can be stopped. Repeated rains
frequently cause postponement of spraying. It is well known that the
period of greatest insect activity is also the time when farmers have the
most work on their hands. Another noticeable fact is that the man who
practises a wise rotation of crops, keeps his orchard clean and allows
no rubbish and brush along the fences, is the one who seldom bemoans
loss from insects. It has also frequently been observed that healthy,
vigorous plants suffer less from insects than those in a sickly condition.
In other words, clean culture with abundant plant food, and a rotation of
crops are the best checks upon the undue increase of insect pests.

Need of experiment. The following formulas comprise what are
regarded as the most reliable, but must be modified under varying con-
ditions, to meet the demands of the occasion. It should be borne in mind
‘that in many cases it is not so much the insecticide used as the manner
of its application, though in some cases the difference is due to a varia-
tion in composition. For example, one man will use paris green and not

224 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

london purple and another the reverse. Yet both’ have been the object
of considerable experimentation and are of nearly equal value, though the
latter is said to be more variable in composition. The same may be said
of kerosene emulsion and a whale oil soap solution. In the case of these
preparations, it is always advantageous to make a fewtests. To a certain
extent a man may depend upon the experience of others, but he should
also ascertain by trial what proportions, with his own apparatus and under
the conditions at hand, will give the best results.

Arsenical compounds. These are effective against insects which
devour portions of a plant and of value only when placed where they will
be eaten. The following formulae are commonly employed:

EIS WORECM Li aca ee eye ee Lie sain ees siete I pound
ROGAN: sls exe cade =, Painter ee BENG OS NES ERS 1 pound

DALE E rye) dct wie bine aie Bead a ce Aaa PPO Re eh eae 100-300 gallons
Gendon: purple jc. ites se ea: Be ie ttle tie Eee 1 pound
yneklime <2 Ws. Bae ene edie, Rey atea ss Cee Ree eae 2—3 pounds
Wiater ss’ Cus dpe toni aot all bene p sucks eye CR Eo 100—300 gallons

The more common proportion is at the rate of 1 pound of the poison
to 150 or 200 gallons of water, and less should be used on the more tender
foliage like that of the peach or there may be serious injury. The addi-
tion of lime is not necessary, specially with paris green, but is a wise
precaution as is neutralizes any free arsenic acid and thus prevents burn-
ing. Paris green can be applied with the bordeaux mixture,¢ at the rate
of 4 ounces of the poison to 50 gallons of the fungicide, and in this.
preparation both fungi and many insects find an effective check. ;

If desired, paris green or london purple can be dusted on low plants,
such as potatoes and asparagus, when they are wet with dew, pro-
vided the poison is diluted with from 50 to roo parts of flour or land
plaster.

Another substance which has received high praise and may come into
general use after its good qualities become better known, is the arsenate:
of lead. The value of this compound as an insecticide has been

a The following formula is taken from Budletin 114, Cornell university agricultural expert
ment station :

Normal or 1.6% Bordeaux mixture:

Copper sulfate, 6 pounds

Quicklime, 4 pounds

Water, 40-50 gallons.

Dissolve the copper sulfate by putting itin a bag of coarse cloth and hanging ina vessel con-
taining at least 4 gailons of water, so that it will be just covered. Use an earthen or wooden
vessel. Slake the lime in an equal amount of water. Then mix the twoand add enough water
to make 4o gallons. Itis then ready for immediate use. If the mixture is to be used on peach,
foliage it is advisable to add 2 pounds of lime to the above-formula.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 225

brought out by numerous experiments, made in the extensive work
against the gypsy moth. One advantage is that it can be applied in
very large quantities without injuring the foliage. When properly pre-
pared, it remains for some time suspended in the water, imparting a
milky color, and also adheres to the leaves much longer than either paris
- green or london purple. Its whiteness is another advantage, because of
which, it is readily detected upon green foliage.

In order to obtain the best results, the poison should be prepared just
before using, by dissolving 11 ounces of acetate of lead (sugar of lead)
in. 4 quarts of water in a wooden pail, and 4 ounces of arsenate of soda
(50 %) in 2 quarts of water in another wooden pail. As the acetate or
sugar of lead dissolves rather slowly in cold water, the process can be
hastened by using warm water. ‘The resulting solutions should then be
poured into the spraying tank containing enough water to give the
desired proportions. In most cases this will mean turning them into roo
or 150 gallons of water.

Experiments by those connected with the gypsy moth work and others
show that it can be applied in almost any proportion without injuring
even the most delicate foliage. In cases where the insect is able to.
resist the action of considerable poison, as the gypsy moth and canker
worm, or where the insecticide must remain on the trees for a consider-
able length of time in order to be most effective, as in the case of the elm-
leaf beetie, or where the delicate foliage prohibits the use of sufficient
paris green or london purple, the arsenate of lead will be found in-
valuable.

One objection to this substance, is the variable composition of
the chemicals from which it is prepared. If either is in excess, it.
should be the lead salt, because that will not injure the leaves. A simple
test? for soluble arsenic acid, is the addition of a few drops of lead
acetate (sugar of lead) solution to a filtered portion of the arsenate of
lead solution. A white precipitate indicates the presence of soluble
arsenic and more lead acetate (sugar of lead) should be added, or the
foliage will be burned by the arsenic.

Compounds of arsenic can not only be sprayed upon foliage, but they
can also be used most successfully in the preparation of poisoned baits,
specially for cut worms, the army worm and grasshoppers. Fresh
clover or other attractive food is dipped in water and paris green, using
considerably more poison than when spraying, and bunches of it are dis-
tributed over the infested fields. Some form of a mash as, for example,
one composed of 1 pound of paris green to 50 pounds of bran, well

a Proportions recommended by Dr C. H. Fernald.
éSmith, F.J. Mass. Board of agriculture on gypsy moth. Report, Jan. 1808, p. 67.

226 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

moistened, has been found very effective against cut worms. Some prefer
to sweeten it with cheap sugar or molasses, specially for grasshoppers.
The disadvantage of the. mash is that it soon dries and then is of no
value. In experiments against cut worms in onion fields, Mr Sirrine
found that either dry bran and.paris green in equal parts or 20 pounds
of middlings to 1 pound of poison was a very effective bait.

Internal and contact insecticides combined. MHellebore and
tobacco may act either internally or kill by contact. One ounce of
fresh white hellebore thoroughly mixed in 3 gallons of water is a
‘ proportion recommended by Lodeman and Gould,¢ while Dr Smith
gives I ounce to 2 quarts of water. It may be applied pure or
mixed with plaster or flour if desired. It is used largely against currant
worms, specially when the presence of nearly mature fruit prohibits the
‘application of paris green.

A strong decoction of tobacco may be prepared by boiling stems and
other refuse till a deep brown extract is obtained. A few trials will
enable one to ascertain how much this can be diluted and still be effec-
tive. It may be used successfully as a contact insecticide against soft
bodied insects like plant lice, saw fly larvae and others, and it may also
serve as a repellant or poison when applied to plants for the purpose of
protecting them from attacks by flea beetles, and many other insects. If
in the form of a fine dust, itis a very effective contact insecticide, and
may beused with great advantage on the surface or worked into the
ground around trees infested with root lice and other subterranean in-
sects. In greenhouses it is very valuable, when stems or leaves are laid
around, specially on the heating pipes, as its odor seems to be unfavor-
able to insect life. ‘There is no easier method of keeping plant lice under
control in a conservatory than by fumigation with tobacco smoke.

Contact insecticides. The most important of those commonly used
are kerasene emulsion, whale oil soap solution and pyrethrum.
The standard kerosene emulsion is prepared as follows:

EL atd -SOap, ...)..5 ache wee le iele ve =! esa eee eel ih ees ee > pound
W aber 2.2) = seis. eciapape ipberhe. qale. pS 0bid, « delice a eerie aiken gy 1 gallon
KGroseme sy: in wc Ltereeeeiere. oie ees ee ep 2 gallons

Dissolve the soap in boiling water and while still hot add the kerosene
and emulsify by passing it rapidly through a force pump till it assumes
a creamy consistency and oil does not rise to the surface. Dilute with 9
to 15 parts of water. In limestone regions where hard water is the rule,
‘Detter results will probably be obtained by using the sour milk emul-

a Bulletin 114, Cornell university agricultural experiment station.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 227

sion, which is simply 2 gallons of kerosene and x gallon of sour milk
emulsified by churning or passing through a pump. Besides being
effective against exposed insects on plants, successful experiments on
white grubs infesting the lawn around the capitol at Washington, D. C.,
indicate that kerosene emulsion may also be used against subterranean
insects. Though the usual strength recommended is 1 part of the standard
kerosene emulsion to g parts of water, Mr Marlatt has shown that
it may be applied diluted with but 4 parts of water with almost no
injury to growing plants (/msect life. 1894. 7: 116, 117).

Machines now on the market are said to give a reliable water and
kerosene emulsion, the two constituents being taken from separate tanks
in the desired proportions and emulsified mechanically as they pass
through the nozzle. Pure kerosene is also being recommended by some
as an insecticide that can be applied to trees in a fine spray on a bright
drying day, without serious injury. The results heretofore obtained by
different experimentors have been so contradictory that this treatment
can hardly be indorsed without qualification. The safest way, as stated
by Dr Howard, is for each man to experiment in a small: aes before he
sprays many trees with this substance.

For scale insects, whale oil soap may be applied in winter at the rate
of 15 to 2 pounds in 1 gallon of water, as recommended by Dr Howard.
For summer use the extreme strength is given by Dr Smith as 1 pound
to 4 gallons of water.

Pyrethrum, Dalmatian or insect powder, when fresh, is a valuable con-
tact insecticide. It is usually applied in the powdered form, is not
poisonous to man or the higher animals, and is largely used for house-
hold insects, in greenhouses and small gardens. If desired, it can be
diluted with flour, in which event it should be mixed and allowed to
stand several hours before it is wanted, or it may be used in water at
the rate of r ounce to 2 gallons of water, it either being boiled or
allowed to remain some hours before application. If moistened and
molded into cones, it may be burned with very satisfactory results, for
the fumes, while not disagreeable to man, paralyze and kill many insects.

Sulfur is a valuable insecticide, specially against mites. In green-
houses it is often strewed on the heating pipes or scattered about the
house, and in this way a/mild fumigation is obtained that is quite effec-
tive in keeping the red spider under control. It is frequently used in
poultry houses and applied to stock. Bisulfid of lime is said to be
an even better remedy for mites. This is easily prepared by boiling
together in a little water equal parts of sulfur and lime, till a brownish
liquid results. Use at the rate of 5 pounds of sulfur and 5 pounds of
lime to 100 gallons of water.

a Marlatt, C. L. Farmer's bulletin 19. 1897. -p. 11.

228 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

’

Fumigation. Carbon bisulfid and hydrocyanic acid gas are the
two substances most frequently employed for killing insects within tight
inclosures, though the fumes of burning sulfur or pyrethrum are also
used to a slight extent. The proportion of carbon bisulfid recom-
mended by Dr Howard, is 1 pound to every thousand cubic feet of
space. The grain or other substance to be fumigated must be in a tight
vessel or building and the chemical placed in shallow vessels near the top
of the inclosure, because the heavy, poisonous vapor from this liquid
descends rapidly. As carbon bisulfid is inflammable and its gas ex-
plosive, great care must be exercised that no fire is brought near during
fumigation. The period of exposure to this insecticide should vary some-
what according to the mass treated. Grain in large bins should be sub-
jected to its action for a day or two. As carbon bisulfid evaporates
rapidly, treatment with it does not injure grain for food purposes and
unless unduly prolonged, will not affect its germination to an appreciable
extent.

This substance is also very effective against root-inhabiting forms. In
the case of trees and vines, holes should be made with an iron bar about
13 feet apart and 1 foot deep over the area occupied by the roots, but
no hole should be within a foot of the trunk. Use 4 ounce@ of car-
bon bisulfid to each hole and close the top at once with soil. Inthe
case of .cabbage plants make a small hole 2 inch from the plant and
pour in a teaspoonful of the insecticide, closing as before. This chemical
may be used against ants, it being advisable, as recommended by
Dr Lintner, to cover the nest with a damp blanket, and at the expiration
of a few moments the accumulated vapor under the blanket should be
exploded by a light on the end of a pole. The explosion drives the
fumes deeper into the nest.

The treatment of trees infested by scale insects with hydrocyanic acid
gas has been carried on for some years in California. The introduction
of the San José scale into many states east of the Rocky mountains, has
led to fumigation being used to a greater or less extent in this region.
By scme it has been reported entirely effective and others have had
different results. In most cases it will be found advisable to destroy young -
trees infested with the San José scale, though when large numbers are
but slightly infested, thorough fumigation with hydrocyanic acid gas may
be preferred. This treatment is also recommended for nursery stock show-
ing the presence of other pests, as the more common scale insects, plant lice
or aphids, pear psylla, apple-leaf Bucculatrix and other forms that are

a The quantities and distances are those recommended by the Division of entomology, U. S.
Dep’t agriculture.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 229

known to be injurious. Aside from the additional handling and the
initial cost of the apparatus, the expense is but little. The value of the
chemicals used has been estimated by Professor. Johnson at not over 2
cents per 1000 nursery trees. The following formula is one commonly

recommended ¢:

Fused cyanide of potassium, 9876 pure.'))... 2... 2/2. 1 oz. by weight
Meamenercial suliunie acid: oO. S Po 2 ORY Re. 1 oz. by measure
SGM ere sh io A hit eaten Sd VI Oe? 3 oz. by measure

The amounts given can be safely used on dormant nursery stock for
each 100 cubic feet of space, as reported by W. R. Gunnis, chairman of
the San Diego county board of horticultural commissioners (Howard,
Boe U.S. Wep't Agr., Div. Ent. 1898, p. 60). Prof. Johnson states
that repeated funigation will not injure nursery stock and that if necessary
the above amounts may be safely used to every 75 cubic feet of space.

If no San José scale is present, the above quantities should be suffi-
cient for 150 cubic feet. Expose the stock to the action of the gas for
one hour. It will be found necessary to construct some form of a
receptacle in which to conduct the treatment. This may be simply a
tight box that can be inverted and its edges banked with earth, or one
with covers, or even a building or portion of one, as circumstances may
dictate. It must be practically air tight, easily and quickly ventilated
and the stock should rest on a grating or other support that will permit
ready access of the fumes on all sides. The earth should be removed
from the roots of the stock so far as practicable before fumigation. The
gas should be generated as near the center of the lot to be treated as
possible and in case of large amounts, several generators should be
used and so placed that a rapid and uniform distribution of the gas will
be insured. The cyanide must be kept in tight bottles in a sate place, as
it is a volatile, deadly poison. The cubical contents of the fumigating
chamber should be estimated, the cyanide weighed out in amounts suffi-
cient for a treatment and put in paper bags. Pour the acid slowly into
the water, stirring the mixture constantly, otherwise drops may fly and
burn those in the vicinity. After the stock is properly arranged, pour the
necessary amount of dilute acid into a glazed earthen vessel, place the
cyanide while still in the paper bag into the acid and water, aiid close the
fumigator. The advantage of putting the cyanide into the acid and
water while still in the paper bag is that it prevents sputtering, which is

@aProf. W. G. Johnson, state entomologist of Maryland, as a result of a large series of experi-
ments performed last year and the present season, recommends a slivhtly different formula. He
-advises the use of 1 ounce of cyanide of potassium, 14 ounces of the best grade of commercial
sulfuric acid and 24 ounces of water to 113 cubic feet of space. Inhis experience, a more perfect
ereaction between the chemicals is obtained by modifying the formula as given above.

230 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

specially liable to occur when large amounts are used. Great care
should be exercised in handling the cyanide, the acid, and in opening
after fumigation. ‘The substances used are deadly. Even a slight burn
from sulfuric acid is very painful.

Recent experiments by Prof. Johnson show that in Maryland growing
trees can be treated with this gas and every scale insect killed. The
results obtained in some other eastern states are not so favorable, and, as
an outfit for trees of any size is quite expensive, it is hardly probable
that it will come into general use, unless it is undertaken by experienced
persons who would go from place to place and fumigate wherever
desired. It can be used to very good advantage in freeing greenhouses
from animal pests of all kinds, and when it becomes better known may
be more generally employed. In treating the various plants in green-
houses, the amount of gas necessary would not be so great as in the case
of the San José scale. The formula given above would produce enough
gas for at least every 150 cubic feet of space, and the action should not be
continued over 30 minutes. Dr Jabez Fisher, of Fitchburg, Mass.,
recommends the use of this amount in greenhouses for from 1,000 to
2,000 cubic feet of space, allowing the gas to act all night (American
gardening, 1898. 19:741).

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 23 !

NORES “ON, SOME’ OF, THE INSECTS OF. THE»YEAR IN
EE SAE PON EWE YORK

The present season has been characterized by the scarcity of plant
lice, only one or two complaints being received, whereas in 1897, reports
of injuries by these insects came from all quarters. The foliage of the
forest and shade trees appears to have suffered more than usual. In
Albany. and other cities and towns in the state, the white marked
tussock moth, WVotolophus leucostigmz Sm.-Abb., and the elm-leaf beetle
Galerucella luteola Miller, have been more injurious than usual. In the
rural districts the tent caterpillars have wrought havoc in orchard and
forest.

Eriocampoides limacina Aefzivs. The cherry or pear-tree slug
causes more or less injury from year to year in New York state, specially
is this true of nursery stock. During the inspection of nurseries last
autumn, indications of its presence on pear-trees was the rule and in
some cases the foliage had been materially injured. Last June Thomas
Tupper, of Corning, N. Y., reported a serious injury by this insect to both
his cherry and pear trees.

Saw toothed grain beetle.? The following interesting case of,
longevity in the adults of this species, Si/vanus surinamensis Linn., is
deemed worthy of record. May 26, 1896, examples of this minute beetle
were brought into the office by Mr 8. C. Bradt of Albany. After killing
a few examples, the remainder were placed in a box with some flour in
the hope that they would continue to breed. On August 26 of that
same year, three individuals were transferred to clean flour in another
box for the purpose of closer observation. Every few days or a week,
the box was examined to see whether breeding had commenced, but no
signs of increase were visible. Two were accidentally crushed July 31,
1897, which was over a year from the time they had been received and
1r months after they had been isolated. ‘The remaining individual con-
tinued bright and active and finally disappeared between June 15 and
25, 1898. It had probably been allowed to escape by accident. This
latter example had been. under close observation for nearly 22 months,
and since it was an adult when placed with its two companions in a
separate box, it may have been several months older.

Asa check upon this series of observations, seven beetles were confined
with some samp in a tightly corked vial, Sep. 4, 1396, and notes were
made of their condition. During the entire time there were no signs of

a Read before a meeting of the Association of economic entomologists held at Boston, Mass.,

August 19, 1898. A few additions have been made.
b Added subsequently.

232 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

breeding. On Aug. 30, 1897, but two of these beetles were alive and
active. Between November 15 and December 9, one of these two died,
but the remaining one is still bright and active at this date, Noy. 18, 1898,
and has therefore lived for over 26 months under close observation with
no better food than dry samp. The above record shows beyond doubt
that these beetles can maintain life for long periods of time under com-
paratively unfavorable conditions.

Byturus unicolor Say. The latter part of May Dr Peck, state bot-
anist, brought me several beetles belonging to this species, with the state-
ment that from one to five were to be found-in many of the opening
buds of his raspberry plants where they were evidently feeding. This
insect does not appear to have been noticed in the state since Dr Fitch
gave a brief account of it in his r4th report for 1870, though Dr
Lintner records in his 8th report for 1891, its receipt from New
Haven, Ct., where it had been injuring leaves and buds of the
raspberry.

Elaphidion villosum /adr. Complaints of injuries by the oak or
maple-tree pruner have come from several localities the present season.
Serious injuries were reported to me from Lake George and also from
Oakes, Ulster county, where its operations had been observed for
several years past. ;

Galerucella luteola JZi//er. The prolificacy of the imported elm-
leaf beetle was brought very forcibly before me by certain studies made
in connection with the preparation of Stave museum bulletin 20. ‘The
last day of May, I captured two beetles well distended with eggs and
determined to ascertain for myself the number they would produce.
One was confined in asmall, corked vial, and the other in a jelly tumbler.
As might be expected, there was considerable difference in the number
of eggs deposited, the former producing 431 and the latter 623. A por-
tion of the discrepancy was probably due to disparity of conditions
and the remainder must be attributed to a variation in capacity. In order
to bring out certain points clearly, I have tabulated the record.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 233

Record of eggs deposited by two elm-leaf beetles

FEMALE IN VIAL

FEMALE IN TUMBLER

DATE CLUSTERS OF TOTAL CLUSTERS OF TOTAL

a (229 (4) 42
Pye occ ier Patera a ali epebag mia A iets Uw ty ed NM 2 Gaim sol alainl orm wim ae Small eter
one (2a ee Ge On 1A 32 18 18
me er heen ta aie oe ke te a pecs PMP Leh nny MURS INE oo ind ac talclcs sa e= letame
(UMS 2 See OAS Bo OSS Sei ere SOR Otay Cre Can erat nett aan aan’ cy RA RWW eee I ee OM Read Rag
iene Gee HEM ee Td) 1S 205.20 ag
LTE WoO SL SS a Si SRO eae ee Se i Gan a RET eis oye eater eRe.
BI aye ags oo = 5. mince bis as A200 120
iae=6' (2 pi m.)s->- 25 - ZO COR AREA ne yn I asa eae eect oe eae
COLE. (CS Se eee Ree eg een ee 2h) ¥27
GME SEO.: on one ZO! 20s (2. Pi iis Vistas sore eh imarenc |
itemestie ts Seite gy EON Mion OE AN Renee SAINI OES Ril EPS Sere EAS WINE e
ere eM as ree ee ete aR Rem kcal + | Vind 2S sy 'h CMlE) bl) Nene doje are ee eee wine cae
_ NOLES 2 12 ae aa a Wl, Eo eo! Sis EL. ES, LOW KOs
immense: ste lS. Ba oe) 1 ER SEO ae
JL Lops toZe 14) 27 Ae
| INS) i he mae a aaa 254) 29 g0 20
mma hm) DS LS ee Sis e'elee a2) E eZ
OEE Da CID SCTE) cap A A Sere Prine ete ete gn tay mn et iat CUn Nett mye meee TT es
ULE Soh aa ZGO530"" 56 19,26 —* 36
MIEN ZO, 2 bre AIS ews 2 5 oie 2,6 8 36 = 36
(0: 21 ee 25 TOL 42 6, 25). AF
| 0.2 22 ee ee oe BO! V2 Ash P25
ie ce a aa Pg A | Do e2, TE Biola Wo:
PLE Eaten tice LR aT St TU A he eR rue arpa car eke eae Re
Pee eee ymee ie Dm Oy s Min hn WOUR eee ST uaa
20a. cog fe SEER Dp Sy SS I on LS a Nn ee ee ee a eS, ee ne
13) 21, 32)" 166

le 27 ae Bah Otay 23°
“TTT E 23, 0G 1S 216 a ne em

431

It will be seen that from June 1 to 11 there were usually deposited
between 15 and 47 eggs every other day. The 12th being Sunday, I
did not attend to the beetles, but from there being two or more clusters
found with each on Monday, it is probable that one or more were depos-
ited the preceding day. The record shows that from either the 12th
or 13th there was a marked increase in the number of eggs laid till
the 23d, there being, as a rule, from 8 to over 40 deposited daily. In
the case of the one confined in the vial, the record shows a discrepancy,
which is greater than the facts warrant. J was unable to attend to the
insects on the 18th, consequently it appears as though two days during
this period had been skipped by one beetle and one by the other,
whereas it is probable that but a day passed without the beetle in the
vial depositing eggs and that the other really presents an unbroken record
in this respect. During this short period of ro or 11 days there were
deposited over half of the total number of eggs produced during the 28

@ The examinations were made asa rule, between 8.30 and g a. m., though occasionally, when
eggs were seen in the afternoon, they were recorded at the time indicated in the table. The
dates falling on Sunday are in italics and as a rule no observations were made then.

TT

234 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

days a record was kept, the figures being 238 and 338, or an average of
over 21 and 30 eggs per day respectively... The average numbers deposited
during the first rz days of the month are 14 and 18 respectively, which
shows there was an increase of one-half or more in the case of each
beetle after June 11. Those deposited after the 25th were apparently
the last efforts of the insects to provide for the perpetuity of their kind,
though the quality of the eggs had not deteriorated. .

During the whole period the beetles were under observation, they con-
sumed large quantities of foliage, comparatively speaking. Many leaves
of the trees outside were also badly riddled by their feeding. If we con-
sider for but a moment the relatively large bulk of eggs produced by the
beetles, it is not surprising that they require a large amount of food.
Without attempting to make precise measurements, it would seem that a
cluster of 30 eggs would present, after deposition, a bulk about equal to
that of the parent insect. If this be a fair estimate, they produced on
the average from nearly one-half to nearly two-thirds of their bulk in
eggs daily during the first 11 days in June and from the 12th to the 23d
the daily average was from over two-thirds to an equal bulk. ‘This rapid
elaboration -of eggs must make a large demand upon the system and
require an abundant food supply. |

Lest it be thought that the period of oviposition was abnormally pro-
longed, I would state that recently deposited eggs were to be found on
the trees up to July 9. This record indicates most emphatically the
value of spraying to kill the beetles, specially before they have reached
the more prolific period mentioned above.

A few notes confirmatory of previous records concerning the life history
of this insect in Albany and Troy will undoubtedly be of interest. The
last of the overwintered beetles were seen early in July. On the 16th,
recently transformed adults were easily found, and fresh eggs a few days
later, either singly or in small clusters, indicated the beginning of oviposi-
tion by the second brood. On 12 August, Mr P. C. Lewis, who had charge
of the spraying in Albany, informed me that the second brood of. larvae
had been quite injurious in certain parts of the city and that the beetles,
ever on the watch for tender foliage, riddled the leaves very quickly. A visit
to Troy onthe 13th showed that practically the same conditions prevailed
there. Soon after the foliage appeared it was attacked by the beetles and
by the time the leaves were about half grown many larvae were to be found
upon them. The injury to the elms in Troy by the first brood of larvac
exceeded that of the preceding two years, because it was not only much
more extended but the skeletonizing of the leaves was more thorough.
As arule all the European elms were practically defoliated. The same
would have been true of Albany were it not for the spraying done.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 235

An interesting feature in the latter city was the more extended injury
sustained by the American elms. In Troy comparatively few of this
species appear to have suffered much. The same was true of Albany
two years ago. Last year considerable injury was inflicted and the
present season much more in spite of the spraying. It should be stated
that rainy weather just after the larvae hatched marred the efficiency of
the work seriously. A few of the American elms in Albany have lost
nearly every leaf and hundreds have been so affected that they present a
more or less browned appearance. In Watervliet, where American elms
abound, the ravages have been frightful, ‘including practically all the
elms.

Galerucella cavicollis ZeC. In his 11th report Dr Lintner noticed
this insect briefly and gave its earlier history. The species is one
that is apparently changing its habits and becoming destructive. Mr
Tupper, of Corning, N. Y., submitted examples of this insect and leaves
from his cherry-trees, with the statement that they were injuring the trees
seriously and might kill them. This is the second record of a recent
attack on cherry in New York state by this species.

Notolophus leucostigma Sw.-46d. The larvae of this species were
unusually destructive in Albany this season. Not only were a large
number ot horse chestnuts defoliated, as frequently occurs from year to
year, but many of the maples and lindens were seriously injured. On
some trees the caterpillars were so abundant as to cause an unpleasant
odor. It appears nearly impossible to secure adequate protection for
trees along the streets, unless it is undertaken by the municipal authori-
ties. The private individual who inquires what he should do to protect
his trees after two-thirds of the foliage is destroyed, usually neglects to
take proper precautions to prevent trouble another season.

The injuries by this species in Buffalo have been so general as to excite
considerable attention from the public and have led to the issuing of
a special circular by the board of public works, giving directions for
_ controlling the insect. It was also reported as very abundant at Flush-
ioe ae

Ravages by tent caterpillars. In early spring a number of reports
came tome of the extraordinary abundance and destructiveness of the
apple-tree tent caterpillar, Clistocampa americana Fabr. In many
localities the larvae stripped the trees and nearly covered the naked limbs
_with their webs. Such work was clearly the result of neglect and yet
Mr S. D. Willard, of Geneva, who cares for his trees each year, informed
me that this insect caused him considerable trouble last spring, notwith-
standing his efforts to keep it under control.

236 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Last year the so-called forest tent caterpillar, CZstocampa disstria
Hiibn., was very injurious in certain parts of the state, stripping the
foliage from hundreds of acres of maples and other trees in Delaware
county and in other portions of thestate. It was hoped that the ravages
by this species would not be repeated the present season, but such was
not the case. Examples of this caterpillar were received from Glens
Falls, N. Y., on June 2, with the statement that they were very numerous
and injuring the maples seriously. At Trenton Falls, N. Y., the cater-
pillars were very abundant, and injurious in the woods, though the
trees were only partially defoliated. At Russell, St Lawrence county,
the leaves were stripped from 125 acres of maple-trees, most probably
‘by this species. It was also reported to me as very injurious this year in
Otsego, Delaware and Greene counties.

Mamestra picta Aarris. A remarkable abundance of larvae in
timothy hay was brought to my notice on July 13. Mr W.C. Browning,
of Alexandria Bay, states that he had been putting in hay trom a 20-acre
lot and the next morning found the surface of the mow literally alive with
caterpillars, identified from examples sent as those of this species. Large
numbers must have been present in the field, as they had probably been
gathered up with the hay accidentally. In response to an inquiry, Mr
Browning informed me that the caterpillars had not been observed except
on this field. Last year they had entirely destroyed his crop of oats, and
this season they were much more numerous than before.

Xylina antennatta Walker« One of the most interesting and
remarkable outbreaks of the year occurred at Schenectady, N. Y.,
when hundreds of silver maples were defoliated by the caterpillars
belonging to the species named above. My attention was called
to the insect by a young man bringing me about 4 pint of larvae
with a story of their destructiveness. On visiting the city, it was
found that the reports were true. The soft maples were practically
stripped. Numerous larvae were seen on the trunks, in some cases 50 to
100 on a single tree. Many were seen along the walks and in the road-
ways bordered by the maples. Even were one deprived of sight, the
olfactory organs could easily detect their presence from the peculiar odor
emanating from the hosts of caterpillars. ‘There were no indications of
the insects’ work in Albany, though only 17 miles distant, but along the
Mohawk river as far west as Herkimer, on the Raqueite river in St Law-
rence county and in Schoharie county many soft maples were defoliated, _
indicating the work of the same insect, -possibly, though the species
could not be determined because no examples were submitted. The

a Determined by Drs H. G. Dyarand J B. Smith.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 © 237

ravages in some of these localities may have been caused by the forest
tent caterpillar, Chstocampa disstria Hiibn.
3 - Thave found no record of serious injury to maples by this species,
¥ - though Dr H. G. Dyar, in a recent letter identifying the insect, informs
By me that it is somewhat injurious to soft maples at Bellport, Long Island,
but that they were less common than usual the present season. ‘This
¥4 insect, or closely allied species, has been known for a number of years
as injurious to apples and pears, and in 1896 and 1897 it caused con-
siderable damage in this state to these fruits, but this appears to be the
first record of serious injury to soft maples by a species of Xylna.

-Anelm-leaf miner. This insect has been unusually destructive in
Albany and ‘Troy the present season. For the past three years the
Camperdown elms in Washington park, Albany, have suffered rather
severely from this species. The present season the miner not only seri-
ously injured the Camperdown elms but extended its ravages to the

er —— So Se Ee eee
Fe : ee : ;

; : : Se }
* Se eed 5 : :

“ Shia te SAL LITER OSTA Soins 2

Fig 17 Work of the elm-leaf miner (original),

English, Scotch and American species. From half to two-thirds of the
leaves on certain English,elms in Troy were nearly destroyed by this
insect (fig. 17), and many others presented a sorry appearance on account.
of the numerous mines.

woo NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Chermes strobilobius Aa’2 The form of this species? which
occurs on the larch has been under observation for the last three years in
Washington park, Albany. On May 3 the larches were alive with females
and eggs. Large masses of eggs were to be found at the base of nearly
every fascicle of leaves on some limbs. Over 200 were counted in
an egg mass of moderate size, while around the base of other fascicles
two to three times this number were to be found. At this time the young
were beginning to hatch and some had settled onthe larch needles, where
they presented a close resemblance to black grains of gunpowder. In
the course of a few weeks, these young increase in size and excrete an
abundant white woolly matter. They were so thick on the trees in 1897,
that the latter part of June the larches appeared as though dusted with
flour or starch.

The life history of this species, as worked out by European investiga-
tors, is most interesting, comprising, as it does, a life cycle of two years’
duration, and passing through five generations. Briefly, it is as follows:
1) Wingless female lice pass the winter at the base of young pine buds,
produce galls in the spring and in them winged 2) feinales develop, part
of which migrate in August to the larches and lay eggs upon the needles.
From these eggs emerge 3) young which hibernate in the crevices of the
bark and the following spring attack the base of the buds and produce
the eggs which attract attention on the larches, and from which the black
4) young emerge, a portion eventually developing into winged females,
and returning to the pines the latter part of May (probably later in
this latitude, as this generation is abundant upon larches till the last ot
June), where they lay eggs producing 5) males and females, which in
turn are parents to the hibernating form first mentioned and thus the life
cycle is completed.

So far as known, this is the first record of the occurrence of this species
in America. The following synonyms are those given by Dr Cholod-
kovsky*: Chermes coccineus Ratz.? in part; C. daricis Ratz., Koch in
part; C. gemiculatus Ratz., in part; C. hamadryas Koch; C. atratus
Buckton?; C. lariceti Altum ?

Pemphigus tessellatus “itch. This insect, the alder blight aphis,
has been abundant the past two years on a cut leaved alder in Washing-
ton park, Albany, and eventually injured it so much that the tree was
removed. It occurs in masses on the under side of the twigs, sometimes
being so numerous as to be ‘hanging in strings’ from the limbs. The

a Added subsequently.

6 Identified by Dr N. Cholodkovsky, of St Petersburg, Russia.

c Bettrage zu einer Monographie der Coniferen-Lause. 1 Theil, Kapitel 5-7, 1896. p. 46.
a@ Added subsequently.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 239

abundant secretion of waxy threads renders it very promnent. The
photograph of the adult colony represented in fig. 18a was taken July r.
About this time the young (fig. 19) appear in large numbers and found
colonies near the tips of the smaller branches. Fig. 184, of a young
colony, is from a photograph taken July 16. ‘This insect occurs not only
on species of alder but also attacks birch. It has an enemy in the little
orange butterfly, Aeniseca targuinius Fabr., the larva of which lives in the
colonies and devours the aphids.

4

Fig. 18 Adult females and young of PEMPHIGUS TESSELLATUS (original).

Pulvinaria innumerabilis Ratdv. This destructive scale insect is
being constantly brought to notice here and there in the state, though
during the past few years it appears to have been less destructive
than usual. On July 5 this scale was reported as injuring the elms
seriously at Sandy Hill, N. Y., and affecting the maples to a less extent.
At that time the young had not left the protecting filaments of the
mother, though they were numerous in the cottony secretion. A few
days later twigs of maple were received from Baldwin, L. I., their con-

240 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

dition revealing a very serious attack. One side of each twig was nearly
covered by the adults while the young fairly swarmed over everything
(fig. 20). I have also received twigs badly infested with this scale from
Batavia, Patchogue and Flushing, N. Y., and Arlington, N. J:

Frets = : 2 : se Sy
BESS SSE SS ue cc CAE ceca

Fig. rg Young of PEMPHIGUS TSSSELLATUS (original).

Lecanium armeniacum Craw. One of the interesting features of
the year was the detection of this scale, identified by Mr Pergande, in Erie
county, N. Y. In response to inquiry about its introduction, Mr Hayes
stated that he could not account for it in any manner. The vine upon
which the species was found had been planted 10 years. His neighborshad
not set out any Californian stock and he had used no fruit from that state
for several years. A possible source of introduction is the sending to this
state in 1896 of examples of this scale infested with Comys fusca, by Mr
Ed. M. Ehrhorn, Horticultural commissioner of Santa Clara county,
California. This was done, it was stated, in the hope that the parasite
would attack the New York plum scale.

Lecanium cerasifex /itch. This scale, identified as probably this
species by Mr Coquillett, has been very injurious to several soft maples
in Albany the past two or three years. The trees have been dwarfed by
the attack and each summer are more or less blackened by the copious
honey dew secreted by the insects. Many of the limbs were nearly cov-
ered with the scales on their under surface and during a portion, at least,
of July and early in August the young swarmed over branches and leaves.

San Jose scale. This pest, Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst., has demon-
strated its ability to thrive in the Hudson river valley as far north as
Albany, at least. Just across the river at East Greenbush, an infested

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 241

fruit garden has been under my eye for over a year. The scale has
spread in spite of the efforts of the owner, who used whale oil soap to
some extent. It has ruined manycurrant bushes, and badlystunteda number
of pear trees, besides infesting to a certain degree peach and apple-trees.
On the gth of last July, numerous young were to be found on the more
tender shoots, some appearing as though dusted with pollen on account of

Fig. 20 Young of PULVINARIA INNUMERABILIS on maple leaf (original).

;

the larvae clustered at their tips. Developing scales were found in small
numbers on the leaves and abundantly on the fruit. At its present rate
of multiplication, most of the young trees in that garden will be ruined
lu a few years. Only this spring, I found the scale at Lebanon Springs,
some 20 miles from the Hudson river, and at an elevation of goo feet —
29° below zero being known in that locality. Even when exposed to such
extremes of temperature, and probably outside the limits of the upper
austral life zone, the insect had been able to not only hold its own but
had increased some, as the few trees infested were badly covered with
the scale. It had spread very little, though the trees had been set out

FAD NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

since 1895. ‘This is evidently near the limit where climatic conditions
are too severe to permit of its becoming a very injurious pest. The
known distribution of this scale in the state is very interesting, since it
has been found in localities here and there throughout most of the area
lying within the limits of the upper austral life zone. It has been reported
from localities in every county in the state east of the Hudson river,
except Westchester and Washington and from those on its west bank
south of Warren county, except Greene and Rockland. The following
are the localities: Rensselaer county, East Greenbush ; Columbia county,
Lebanon Springs, Kinderhook and Germantown ; Dutchess county,
Poughkeepsie ; Putnam county, Brewster; New York county, New
York; Saratoga county, Burnt Hills; Albany county, Loudonville; Ulster
county, Boiceville; Orange county, Middletown. Besides localities on
Long Island, it has been found in Tompkins county at Ithaca; in Seneta
county at Farmer and in Cayuga county at Union Springs.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 : 243

List OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST

The following is a list of the principal publications of the entomologist
during the year 1898, 73% are named, giving title, place and time of |
publication and a summary of the contents of each.

Corn-root worms. (Country gentleman. Feb. 10, 1898. 63: 107, col.
2 6o Cu)

From reading an account of the life history and habits of Dzabrotica longicornis
Say, a correspondent is led to inquire as to the identity of an insect which operated
destructively on corn at Colora, Md., in 1895. In reply it is stated that the author of
the attack is most probably the southern corn-root worm, Déabrotica 12-punctata
Oliv., and preventive measures are given,

Kerosene emulsion. (Country gentleman. Feb. 17, 1898. 63: 126, col.
4— 10cm)

Directions are given for the preparation’ of the standard kerosene emulsion, and
its proper dilution for use against several insects indicated’ Continual experimenting
to find the best strength for different insects and plants is recommended, and the
method of application given.

Scurfy bark louse. (Country gentleman. Feb. 17, 1898. 63: 127, col.
ito. Cin) :

A small piece of apple-tree bark from a correspondent in Babylon, N. Y., was
found to be infested with Chionaspis furfurus Fitch. The scale is briefly described
and the application in June of kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap solution recom-
mended for its destruction.

A very different bug. (Country gentleman. Mar. 3, 1898. 63: 166, 167,
col. 4, r—11 cm)

A correspondent in Wyncote, Pa., sends an example of the two-spotted lady-bird,
Adalia bipunctata Linn., and inquiresif itis the Buffalo carpet beetle. The chief
characters of this 4da/ia and of the Coccinellidae in general are given, and their
beneficial habits mentioned, The carpet beetle, Anthrenus scrophulariae Fabr., is
briefly described.

Two bad insects. (Country gentleman. Mar. 17,1898. 63: 206, col.

3, 4-19 cm)

Apple twigs infested with the apple-tree bark louse, ALytzlaspis pomorum Bouché,
and others with the San José scale, Asfidtotus perniciosus Comst., were received from
Brewster, N. Y. Theclimate of this state is congenial to the latter scale, as is
shown by its large numbers at East Greenbush, N. Y., and its known distribution in
the state is given. Badly infested trees should be burned— reference is made to the
directions for using kerosene and remedies given for the apple-tree bark louse.

a This includes also Dr Lintner’s 12th report, which was issued the present year.

244 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Codling moth. (Country gentleman. Mar. 24, 1898. 63: 226, col. 1,2—
14 cm)

A correspondent from Beaver Creek, Col., communicates a larva of the codling
moth, Carfocapsa pomonella \.inn., and inquires if it is the insect causing patches of
dead bark on his apple-trees. It is stated that this species is not a wood borer and
farther search for the cause of the trouble is recommended.

Bees injuring grapes. (Country gentleman. Mar. 24,1898. 63: 226, col.
2 221A etn)

Complaint is made from Dutchess county that bees injure sound fruit and inquiry

is made of their habits in this respect. In reply, it is stated, that there is no reliable

evidence of bees attacking uninjured fruit, but that species of Vesa, ‘ yellow jackets,’

are known not only to attack sound fruit but even kill honey-bees. The exposure of
a mixture of honey and sugar or glucose is advised as a palliative of the evil,

Not San José. (Country gentleman. Mar. 24,1898. 63: 226, col. 3—5
cm)

Limbs of an apple-tree from Ulster co., believed to be infested with the San José
scale, show no traces of that insect, only a few examples of the woolly aphis of the
apple, Schizoneura Janigera Hausm., being found on the twigs.

Aphids in greenhouse. (Country gentleman. Mar. 31, 1898. 63: 247, col.
1—8 cm)

In response to a brief inquiry of how to rid a house of the green-fly, the method of
smoking for aphids with moistened tobacco stems is described. Pyrethrum, helle-
bore, kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap solution is also recommended. .

Eel worms in clover. (Country gentleman. Ap. 7,1898. 63: 266, col.
dg ger) . ;
Dead clover roots, received from Seal, Pa., showing a spongy texture and with the
interstices filled with a pale brownish powder, have most probably suffered from the
attack of eel-worms. Their general characteristics and life history are given, and
the work in England of 7ylexchus devastatrix Kuhn. is briefly described.
[The elm-leaf beetle] (Troy daily times. Ap. 7, 1898.—13 cm)

Responding to an inquiry, it is stated that the ravages of the elm-leaf beetle in Troy
will probably be greater the coming season than last year. Spraying the trees with
arsenites and destroying the larvae and pupae on the trunks and about the infested
trees are recommended.

It is San. José... (Country gentleman. Ap. 14, 1898. 63: 2860cer
3—5 cm)

Scales abounding on pieces of Japan plum bark received from Woodstown, N. J.,
are identified as the San José scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst. Destroying the
infested tree and watching others in the vicinity is recommended.

Probably not efficient. (Country gentleman. Ap. 14, 1898. 63: 286,
287, col. 4, 1—14 cm)
In response to an inquiry from a Long Island correspondent, the manner of pre-

paring and using the lime, sulfur and salt wash for the San José scale is given, ©
though it has little or no value in the eastern states.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

Bag or basket worm.
Ga a2 5 7c)

(Country gentleman.

245

Ap. 20, 1898, 1-636 207;

Examples of the larval cases of this insect, Zhyridopteryx ephemeraeformis a-
worth, were received from New-Dorp, N. Y., with an inquiry as to their nature.

The insect is briefly described and its life history given.

Hand picking and spraying

with paris green are the remedies recommended.

¢Twelfth report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New
York, for the year 1896. Albany. University of the State of New York.

1897.

New York state museum, for the year 1896.

[Issued Ap. 22, 1898] 242p. r5pl.- (In soth report on the.

Albany. University of

the State of New York. 1898) [Issued June, 1898]
CONTENTS
PAGE | Injurious insects (comtinued) PAGE
Introductory ......---..----.------ 177 Weuronia pardatis <2. 24k o. 298
Tnjurious insects ..-....--.---+---- 181 ILEPIOUESHUUS. Species 2 2 S58 58S 2. 300
‘Camponotus pennsylvanicus’ and IpeTIGER Sets en Se a 305

‘Formica rufa,’ carpenter ant and
mound-building ant.---..-.----..
Licpantheria scribonia [ocularia],

the great white leopard moth...
Leucania wunipuncta, the army
BOOED Ble ait spel 2 cine bal
Steganoptycha claypoliané, a new
maple-tree imsect--.- Sadstocne
Oxyptilus periscelidactylus, the gar-
Prec plime moth. ...-...-.-s.-
Additional notes on Sciara, the
PMSPAMAES 22-2. aes oes

Piophila caset, the cheese skipper:
Mie Hany Skipper. ..--...----. ae
LE LS ee
Plagionotus speciosus, the sugar
meaty WOLD.) eto. we eo oe
Saperda tridentata, the elm borer..
Crioceris 12-punctata, the twelve-
spotted asparagus beetle...... a
Galerucella luteola, the elm-leaf
beetle in Albany and Troy......
ORAM WOMSOLS 502 waaay es 2a 0
Balaninus proboscideus : Balaninus
rectus, the chestnut weevils --.-
Cicada seplendecim, the periodical
GATE se Gee ne i ae
aphis

eee ees eee eee te ee ee cee eee

PONSe One eee

253
264.

267

(A) Notes on some of the insects of
the year in the state of New York 307

LCILPHCLO HUPODCCTUS. Piss oes ds 308
DONG ECRVCSEFU UE va op id aceon 309
PREM RNKORM So ee 2 AIR ON 309

Wheat-head army worm......-... 310
Eufitchia [Diastictis| ribearia.... 310

WAnkemr MORO. sii eco oie att
COCAEELA FOSACCRNE “to Oe a ee oe 312
Cecidomyid in choke-cherries..... 313
LEAP OFOGR THO G SAPD GY Sah S SEY. 313
Elaphidion oak pruner..----..-..- 314.
LAS Paragus qDeellee ese ele tod 314
Ash-srey, blister beetle 92.5 soo. 315
Glvinc moe sed Soh ee SS 315
Pa ase Scale apy 2c ee) 316
@absMenimesy 25 (23 aac siemabes oo 316
iPiiNbarlelousesy waNaieun. i822 Bey
PLO LODE BIH D 8 a Page Ee 8 (3
(B) Entomological addresses...... 319
IE LCOS CAT 6 RES Es MPI A Oe 319
Plea for entomological study...-... 336

(C) List of publications of the ento-
MUO UVCAS Ee ee wis Oia ci 347

(D) Contributions to the department

(E) Classified list of insects, etc.,

noticed mm this Teport .. 2 ese oe. 365
(F) Explanation of plates.....-..-. 369
Gretiertlimdex. 2 cs sa Meek ee sl B73

a By J. A. Lintner

246 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The city’s shade trees Troy daily times. Ap. 25, 1898—18 cm
y yi : Pen 25 9

The ravages of the elm-leaf beetle, Galerucella luteola Miller, in Troy are referred
to and the necessity of prompt action in order to save the elms emphasized. The
appearance of the beetles in the early spring andthe method of spraying is described.
Action by the civic authorities is about the only method affording adequate protection
to the trees.

_[Elm-tree beetle] (Argus [Albany] May 15, 1898. p. 7, col. 2—20 cm)

Popular misapprehension concerning the value of cotton bands around the trunks
of elms as a preventive of injury by the elm-leaf beetle, Galerucella luteola Miiller, is
corrected Sprdying with arsenites is recommended, or, if that can not be done, the
destruction of larvae and pupae around the base of the trees is a check upon the
insect.

The punctured clover-leaf weevil. (Country gentleman. May 26, 1898.
63: 406, col. 3, 4—31 cm)

Greenish larvae with a white dorsal stripe injuring clover in Monroe county are
identified as those of Phytonomus punctatus Fabr. Its earlier record, distribution
and life history are given briefly. A fungus disease, Zwepusa sphaerosperma, is fre-
quently very destructive to the larvae of this insect. Plowing infested fields is about
the only satisfactory remedy for this pest.

Codling moth. (Country gentleman. May 26,1898. 63: 406, col. 4—9
cm)

In response to an inquiry from Ilion, N. Y., brief directions are given for spraying
to prevent the ravages of Carpocapsa pomonella Linn.

To destroy ant hill. (Country gentleman. June g, 1898. 63: 446, col.
2==o il)

Method of treating ant hills with carbon bisulfid is briefly detailed.

Forest tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Juneg, 1898. 63: 450, col.
4—5 cm)

Short notice of the ravages of Clistocampa disstria Hiibn. last year and reference
to its abundance this season.

Certain destructive scale insects. (Country gentleman. June 9g, 1898.
63 - 453, 454; col. by 45: 1S? cm)

Gives a few general remarks on scale insects and their detection, which is followed
by the life histories and remedies in brief for the apple-tree bark louse, AZytzlaspfis
pomorum Bouché, and the scurfy bark louse, Chionaspis furfurus Fitch. ‘The resist-
ance of the San José scale, Aspidiotus pernictosus Comst , to the severe climate 20
miles back from the Hudson is commented upon. The characteristics, life history
and remedies for this scale are briefly given.

Apple-tree bark louse. (Country gentleman. Juneg, 1898. 63:454, col.
Pea Sais Gul)
Mytilaspis pomorum Bouché and Dolerus sericeus Say are identified. Some obser-
vations are given on insect legislation, and the scope of a practical law indicated.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 247

Cut worms. (Country gentleman. June 16, 1898. 63:470, col. 2, 3 —
14 cm)
In response to an inquiry from Columbia county requesting remedies for cut worms

injuring cauliflower and cucumbers, digging them out or the use of poisoned baits of
several kinds is recommended.

Black ants. (Country gentleman. June 16, 1898. 63:470,col. 3 — 5 cm)

A complaint from Broome county states several means found of no avail against
black ants. Reference is given to directions in the preceding number of the Country
gentleman for treating the nests with carbon bisulfid.

Cherry-leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. June 16, 1808. 63: 471, col.
3—5 cm)

Records an attack by Galerucella cavicollis LeC. on cherry-trees in Steuben county.

Brown apricot scale. (Country gentleman. June 16, 1898 63: 474,
Goer, 22> cm)

Scales ona grapevine from Erie county, N. Y., are identified as Lecanium armenia-
cum Craw, and briefly described, It is stated that possibly in attempting to trans-
port its parasite, Comys fusca, the scale was also brought into the state. It would
be well to stamp the insect out at once if possible. The remedies given are treat-
ment with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap solution. Farther information
respecting its introduction is requested.

[See page 239 of this report]

[Destructive maple caterpillar] (Schenectady daily union. June 20,
ass. |). 2——-37 Cm)

Gives briefly the injuries to silver maples in Schenectady, N. Y , by a caterpillar
which is probably Vadata gibdosa [since identified as Xylina antennata Walker].
Its life history is briefly summarized and a second brood stated to be a possibility. It
is unlikely that it will be injurious another season, but it is advisable to destroy all
the larvae possible around the trees with hot water or kerosene emulsion, A caution
is given about cutting back the defoliated trees.

[See pages 207-13, 235, 236 of this report]

Address delivered before the Dana natural history society, at the field
meeting held at Trenton Falls, N. Y., June 17, 1898. (Albany evening
journal. June 21, 1898. p. 8, col. 4, 546 cm)

The incentives to entomological study, as shown by the large number of insects
and the many unknown forms, are briefly given. The necessity of an army of
observers is indicated by the magnitude of the field. The method of studying the
life history of insects is described and its advantages mentioned. After the introduc-
tion, observations during the trip were given — the following being briefly mentioned :

spittle insects, Xy/ivu antennata, tent caterpillars, Crambus agitatellus, predaceous
aud parasitic insects, etc,

Insects on honeysuckle. (Country gentleman. June 23,1898. 63: 490,
col. 1—4 cm) |

Records the beneficial work of Adalia bipunctata in reducing the numbers of plant
lice on honeysuckle.

248 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Pests—Virginia creeper. (Country gentleman. June 23,1898. 63: 490,
col. 2—9 cm)

Apple-tree aphis, Aphis mal Fabr., is identified, the remedy given and the state-
ment made that the species will probably not cause farther injury the present season.
The plum curculio is identified by its work. The Virginia creeper is thought to be
of but little injury to old trees.

Maples defoliated. (Country gentleman. June 23,1898. 63: 491, col.
3—8 cm)

Hundreds of silver maples were defoliated by a species of ?Madata [Xylina anten-
nata WWalker] in Schenectady. The outbreak is probably due to a dearth of parasites
or favorable climatic conditions, and illustrates the destructive powers of many
insects if unchecked.

[See pages 207-13, 235, 236 of this report]

Elm-leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. June 30, 1898. 63: 513, col. 3,
4—49 cm) :

A brief general account of Galerucella luteola Miller, giving ravages in Albany
and Troy, its description, life history, habits and best methods of controlling the pest.

Harlequin cabbage bug. (Country gentleman. June 30, 1898. 63: 514,

col. 1, 2—33 cm)

This insect, Wurgantia histrionica Hahn., received from Mason county, W. Va.,
is figured, described, its distribution given and the additional territory it may be
expected to invade indicated. The destructiveness of the insect is mentioned, and the
use of rows of radishes or mustard as lures, where the bugs may be destroyed, is
recommended, Its two egg parasites, 7vissolcus murgantiae and 7. podisi are men-
tioned.

Gall on white oak. (Country gentleman. June 30,1898. 63: 514, col. 2
— 18 cm)

Galls on white oak, from Columbia county, N. Y., are identified as those of
Andricus seminator Harris and briefly described. The general characters of galls
produced by insects are given and some interesting facts noted about the Cynipidae
or gall flies.

Pear-leaf blister-mite. (Country gentleman. July 7,1898. 63:526, 527,
col. 4, 1 —14 cm)

The work of Phytoptus pyri Scheuten is identified, described, and the importance
of fumigating nursery stock in order to prevent the distribution of such pests empha-
sized. Destroying the infested leaves or spraying in winter with kerosene emulsion
diluted with five to seven parts of water is recommended.

Fleasand how tokillthem. (Country gentleman. July 7, 1898. 63:537,
col: 24—17,.6m)

Though the cat and dog flea, Ceratopsyllus serraticeps, is usually termed the flea,
there are 47 species known to occur on animals. The life history of the dog flea is
briefly given. Benzine, pyrethrum, sticky fly paper and cleanliness are the means
recommended for controlling these pests.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 249

[Xylina not Nadata] (Schenectady daily union. July 8, 1898. p.5,
col. 4\— 9 cm)

Corrects the first reference to (Vadatza of the caterpillars devastating the maples and
states that they are either Xy/ima laticinerea or X. aniennata. ‘Thereis but one brood
in a season. Spraying with paris green in the early spring is recommended.

[See pages 207-13 of this report]

Cucumber beetle—cabbage worms. (Country gentleman. July 14,
ecgs. 63: 546) col. 2— 27 cm) 3
Gives briefly the habits and life history of the striped cucumber beetle, Diabrotica
vittata Fabr., and recommends protecting the young plants with netting. Planting
of beans between the cucumbers, dusting the vines with land plaster, ashes or even
road dust are preventives of serious injury. Clean culture is advised. If the roots
are badly infested with the grubs, carbon bisulfid is the best remedy.
Fresh hellebore, one ounce to three gallons of water, is recommended for the cab-
bage worm, Pieris rapae. Paris green may be used if the cabbages have not headed.

Destructive rose bug. (Country gentleman. July 14,1898. 63:546,
eg 2—— 20 Cm)

This insect, Macrodactylus subspinosus Fabr., is identified and its injuries in New
England and New Jersey mentioned, Its life history is briefly given. Paris green
or kerosene emulsion is usually not very satisfactory, owing to the beetle’s resistance
to insecticides, Collecting the insects by some mechanical contrivance or protecting
plants by netting are the most satisfactory means of preventing serious injury.

Hessian fly in Pennsylvania. (Country gentleman. July 14, 1898. 63:
546, 547, col. 4, 1 — 38 cm)

In response to an inquiry from Adams county, Pa., where this insect, Cecidomyia
destructor Say, has been very injurious, a general account of the species is given as
follows: Immense losses caused by it in New York and Ohio. Its life history.
Characteristics of an attack. Its parasites and their value. Its abundance another
‘season can not be forecast, as it may be injurious for a series of years. As prevent-
ives of injury, late planting supplemented by the early sowing of narrow strips to act
as decoys, the burning of stubble and chaff, clean culture, rotation of crops and the
growing of resistant varieties of wheat, so far as possible, are recommended.

Work of Xylina. (Country gentleman. July 14,1898. 63:551, col. 2—
6 cm) ;

Corrects the reference of this insect on page 491 of the current volume of the
Country gentleman, from Nadata to Xylina—~it being either X. laticinerea or X.
antennata. Its identity with the species seriously injuring apples last year is thus
rendered probable. A note is given of the defoliated soft maples along the Mohawk
river, presumably by this species.

[See pages 207-13 of this report] °
Forest tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. July 14, 1898. 63: 551,
male 2. 3 TT em)

Records serious injuries the present season by CUisiocampa disstria Hiibn. in St
Lawrence, Oneida, Otsego, Delaware and Greene counties. As the cost of spraying

250 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

or collecting the eggs would be too great in woods, it is advisable to burn over the
ground soon after the insects have pupated, provided there is not so much fuel on
the surface as to produce a fire injurious to the trees.

[See pages 191-201 of this report]

[Periodical Cicada] (Argus [Albany]. July 15, 1898 op. 4, col.
6. 70.cm)
A brief review of Bulletin 14, U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division of entomology,
commending a few of the many excellent features of this work.

Elm-leaf beetle.in New York state. (Bulletin New York state museum.
Vv. 5, no. 20, 1898 [Issued July 15]. 43 p. 6 pl.

CONTENTS

PAGE | An associated insect (continued ) PAGE
Preinect 355 Sees se o2e) 2a set 4} Description and life history._322>ssaag
Elm-leaf beetle in New York state... 5 Means of distribution .. 3.22 Saas 18
Bad reputation of its family -.---. 5 | Secondary attacks by insects........ 18
Inaction means death to the elms.. 5 Natural enemies of elm-leaf beetle... 20:
Wisiripuuen -— = ee A ea a 6 |) Remedies: °*2--- -22- 2) oe oe
Description BUGS © nd el 2 A 8 ae of aie elms Te 9 Se 21
: roper apparatus .2_../-5. 5 eee 22

Pate historyees + ae ie eS ae SSE 9 vate ete :
; Time and manner of spraying .-.. 24
Number of generations canes Gia 13 Ai palliative MeCaSure. .. 22) Cee eee 26.
Habits of beetle and larvae. ...... 13\.1 Uéeless Inensares eee 27
Species of elms attacked ....-...... 15 | Remedies for associated insects ..... 28:
An associated insect £2425 5225 e582 16 | ‘Bibliography =.=. 2. so25- pee 29
Injuries and characteristics ....... 16 | Explanation of plates -.--....-----. 34

Forest tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. July 21, 1898. 63:567,.
col. 2— 6 cm)

Caterpillars from Exeter, N. Y. are identified as those of Clistzocampa dtsstria
Hiibn,, and reference is given to an earlier notice of the insect.

Work of the oak pruner. (Country gentleman. July 21, 1898. 63:573,.
col.4,— 16cm)
Larvae boring in oak from Ulster county, N. Y., are those of Z/aphidion villosum
Fabr. Notes on their habits, injuries along Lake George and transformations are
given. Collecting and burning the fallen twigs is recommended.

Molting of a tarantula. (Argus [Albany]. July 23, 1898. p.3—15
cm; a/so in Country gentleman. Aug. 4, 1898. 63: 616, col. 3 —
16 cm; Worcester [Mass.] telegram. Aug. 14, 1898)

States why molfing is necessary for spiders and insects and describes briefly the
process in this instance. This female spider, Zurypelma hentzii Girard, was under
the care of Dr J. M. Bigelow for two years. Its previous molt was about the latter

part of 1896,
[See pages 219, 220 of this report]

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 251

‘Zebra caterpillar. (Country gentleman. July 28,1898. 63: 586, col. 2,
3— 26 cm) . .
Caterpillars swarming on recently gathered timothy hay from a 20-acre lot at Alex-
andria Bay, N. Y., are identified as those of Mamestra picta Harris. The larva is
briefly described, figured and the life history of the insect given. As oats on the
field were destroyed the previous year by caterpillars, the larvae were probably
abundant in the field this year and were accidentally gathered up with the hay. The
destruction of those in the barn is recommended.
| See pages 201-7 of this report]

{Suggestions in regard to nursery inspection] (Country gentleman.
July 23, 1898. 63-586, col. 3 — 12:cm)

In compliance with a request from the commissioner of agriculture, it was recom-
mended that nursery stock infested with San José scale, Aspzdiotus pernictosus Comst.
and closely allied forms, the black peach aphis, Aphis prunicola Kalt., or badly
infested with the more common destructive scale insects be destroyed or adequately
treated. Those slightly infested with scale insects, badly infested with the pear
psylla or aphids, or bearing cocoons of Bucculatrix pomifoliella Clem. should be
fumigated before shipment. Plants showing injury from insects should not be pro-
nounced clean till the cause has been ascertained.

[A plea for the elms] (Troy daily times. July 29, 1898 —17 cm)

Excessive ravages of the elm-leaf beetle, Galerucella luteola Miiller, are described
and a plea made for the proper protection of the elms. Ifno action is taken, it is
stated that most of the European and many American elms in the city will be ruined
within three years.

{Remedies for the white-marked tussock moth] (Buffalo news. July 30,
1898. 36:5— 22cm; a/so im Commercial, times and inquirer [ Buffalo].
eye so, 1698. 55:5; Bufialo commercial. July 30, 1898 p. 11;
and part in Buffalo daily times. July 30, 1898. 39:5)

Gives objections to spraying with paris green, recommends collecting the egg
clusters, and states the advantages of delaying the work till winter or early spring.
Several methods of collection are briefly considered.

{Brown patches on the lawn] (American gardening. July 30, 1808.
feic540, col. 1 —~8,cm)

Brown patches on a lawn are identified as most probably the work of white grubs
and directions for spraying with kerosene emulsion given.

Asparagus beetle in Albany county. (Country gentleman. Aug. 4, 1898.
637,614, col. 2.18. cm)

Notes the occurrence of the beetle at Menands. The insect is figured and briefly

described in its different stages. Land plaster or paris green is given as the best
remedy.

Sulfur not a remedy. (Clinton [Mass.] courant. Aug. 6, 1898. 50:4,
col. 3-— 6 cm)

Replying to an earlier notice, it is stated that plugging trees with sulfur is not a
remedy for caterpillars.

252 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Maple-tree scale. (Country gentleman. Aug. 11, 1898. 63: 630, 631,
COl 45 0m sect)

This scale insect, Pulvinaria innumerabilis Rathy., is briefly described and the
localities mentioned where it has been reported as abundant. Its prolificacy and
destructiveness are noticed and spraying with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap
solution recommended,

A butterfly caterpillar, (Country gentleman. Aug. 11, 1898. 63: 633,
col..4 — 13 cm)

The larva of /asontades glaucus Linn. is identified, briefly characterized and its
means of protection by a peculiar scent organ described. The markings of the parent
and its transformations are briefly given.

A walking stick. (Country gentleman. Aug. 18, 1898 63:647,
COlT=— 412 Cm)
A strange insect from Amboy, N. Y., is identified as the walking stick, Diapherom-

era femorata Say. It is briefly described, its injuries to forests in 1877 alluded to
and its life history given.

Apple-tree tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Aug. 18, 1898.
63 : 683, col. 3 — 33 em)
In an inquiry from Duluth, Minn., the writer describes the extensive ravages of
a pest and gives its habits. The insect is identified from a nest as Clistocampa
americana Fabr. Its life history is given and collecting egg belts, destroying the
young in their nests, or spraying with poisons recommended. Encouraging the
native birds is stated to be very profitable on account of securing their aid in
controlling insect pests.
[Save the elm trees] (Troy budget. Aug. 21, 1898. p. 12, col. 4, 5 —
82 cm)
The ravages of the elm-leaf beetle in Troy and adjacent places are described in.
detail and spraying recommended. The remainder is largely a reprint of portions of

Museum bulletin 20 on this insect.

About the hellgramite. (Country gentleman. Aug. 25, 1898. 63: 673,
Col 4-31 Cm) (

In response to an inquiry about its transformations, this large neuropterous insect,
Corydalis cornuta Linn., is figured, briefly described and its life history given. The
difference between this insect and a butterfly is pointed out.

[Whale oil soap and fumigation] (State of New York, Dep’t agri-
culture. Formulas, 1898. [Issued Aug. 26] p. 5-7 — 27 cm)

Gives formula and direction for using the whale oil soap solution, also the method
of fumigating nursery stock and the proportions of chemicals found most effective.

[Abstract of a paper read before the Association of economic entomolo-
‘gists, at Boston, Mass., Aug. 19] (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1898.
63: 690, col. 3, 4 — 14 cm)

Gives a brief abstract of ‘Notes on the insects of the year in the state of New

York,’
[See pages 230-41 of this report]

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 . 253

Asparagus beetles. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1898. 63: 693, col.
3, 4— 19 cm)
Records the occurrence of Crioceris 12-punctata Linn. in the vicinity of Buffalo,
N. Y., and its present distribution is outlined. The distribution along the Hudson
river valley of Crioceris asparagi Linn., as ascertained by Dr L. O. Howard, is
given and its presence at Maynard, Oneida county, noted.

Killing insects through plant roots. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1898.
63: 694, col. 1 —17 cm)

In response to an inquiry in regard to the possibility of controlling insects through

the roots of plants, it is stated that owing to the selective action of the roots and

other causes success could not be expected, though it would do no harm to experi-
ment provided extreme caution was exercised in drawing conclusions.

Plague of flies. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 1898. 63:712, col. 2, 3 —

17 cm)

_In response to an inquiry from Cortland county, it is stated that the abundance of
flies in any locality is proportionate to the number and extent of favorable breeding
places in the vicinity. Keeping manure where flies can not obtain ready access to it
and the use of chlorid of lime, darkening of stables and the application to the stock
of fish oil and tar, or axle grease, are measures recommended.

Notes on the Boston meeting. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 18098.
63: 713, 714, col. 4, 1— 44 cm)

In response to a request, some brief notes are given on the meeting of the Asso-
ciation of economic entomologists, held at Boston, August 19-20. After mention-
ing the value of meeting fellow workers from all parts of the country, certain differ-
ences in the behavior of insects and insecticides in several states are noticed. The
magnificent work of the Massachusetts state board of agriculture against the gypsy
moth, Porthetria dispar Linn., and the brown-tailed moth, Luproctis chrysorrhoea
Linn., is noticed at some Jength and several of the improved devices and methods
described. The importance to the country at large of this attempt to exterminate
these insects is discussed and mention made of the hearty indorsement of the work by
the visiting entomologists.

Insects on chrysanthemums. (American gardening. Sep. 10, 1898,
1@-7630,,Col. x, 2-—8 cm)

Identifies the tarnished plant bug, Lygus pratensis Linn., and the insidious flower
bug, Z7iphleps insidiosus Say, and gives their habits and remedies.

A katydid. (Country gentleman. Sep. 15, 1898. 63:726, col. 3—
12 cm)

Identifies eggs found on the belt of a sewing machine at Marietta, Ga., as probably
those of Microcentrum laurifolium Linn. The method of oviposition is briefly
described and several curious places where katydid eggs were found mentioned,
The life history of this species is outlined,

[Insect for name] (American gardening. Sep. 17, 1898. 19: 653,
col. 2— 10 cm)

The larva of the hag moth, Phobetron pithectum Sm.—Abb., is identified, briefly
described and a résumé of its life history given.

254 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

{Ponds and mosquitoes] (Country gentleman. Oct. 6, 1898. 63:794,
col. 1 — 20cm) :

In response to questions, it is stated that mosquitoes breed only in still water, and

are more likely to be abundant where plants supply plenty of food. Remedies

mentioned are: artificial agitation of the water, the introduction of fish to their
breeding places and applying kerosene to the surface of the water.

Preventives of insect depredations. (Country gentleman. Oct. 13, 1898.
63: 813, 814, col. 4, 1 — 28 cm)

A general article recommending the clearing up and burning rubbish in the
gardens, going over the orchards for various insects, preparing for canker worms,
and protecting and encouraging the native birds during the winter.

[Attacked by joint worms] (Country gentleman. Oct. 13, 1898.
63: 814, col. 1 — 23 cm)
In response to an inquiry from Frederick county, Md., the depredator on wheat is

identified from examples sent as probably /sosema grande Riley. The characteristics
of the attack, life history of the insect and its earlier ravages are given. Burning

the stubble in infested fields and the screenings from the wheat is recommended.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 255

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE COLLECTION IN 1898

Hymenoptera

Honey bee, 4fzs mellifica Linn., 29 July. From Mrs L. A. Milling-
‘ton, New Russia, N.Y. _

Sphex ichneumonea Linn., 9 Sep. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coeymans,
N.Y.

Tarantula killer, Pepszs formosa Say, female, 25 July. From Miss E.S.,
‘Torrey, San Diego, Cal.

The wheat joint worm, J/sosoma ? grande Riley, 3 Oct. From A.D.
‘Thomas, Frederick county, Md.

Gall, from which 235 adults were reared, of Andricus seminator Harris
on oak, 25 June. From R. R. Livingston, Cheviot-on-Hudson, N. Y.

Lunate long-sting, Zhalessa lunator Fabr., 14 Sep. From Prof. C: H.
Peck, Menands, N. Y. |

Pigeon tremex, Zremex columba Linn., 19 May. From S. C. Bradt,
Albany, N. Y.

Dolerus sericeus Say on apple trées, 19 May. From G: H.
Brackenbury, Auburn, N. Y.

Coleoptera

Six-spotted tiger beetle, Czcindela sexguttata Fabr., 16 Aug. From
M. F. Adams, Buffalo, N. Y.

Fiery ground beetle, Calosoma calidum Fabr., 20 Aug. From J: A.
Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

LPierostichus lucublandus Say, 4 July. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coey-
mans, N. Y.

flarpalus pennsylvanicus DeGeer in coition, 19 Sep. From E. T.
Schoonmaker, Cedar Hill, N. Y.

Carrion beetles. Si/jpha americana Linn., and Silpha inaegualis Fabr.,
16 Aug. From M. F. Adams, Buffalo, N. Y.

Two-spotted lady-bird, Adala bipunctata Linn., 16 May. From
Miss Mary R. Hyde, Binghamton, N. Y.

Pale brown Byturus, Byturus unicolor Say, in raspberry buds, 23 May.
From Prof. C: H. Peck, Menands, N. Y.

Numerous rose beetles, Macrodactylus subspinosus Fabr., injuring snow-
ball, 27 June. From T.H.L., Loudonville, N. Y.

256 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Western ten-lined June bug, /olyphylia decemlineata Say, 12 Sep.
From Miss Margaret Torrey, San Diego, Cal. '

Spotted grapevine beetle, elidnota punctata Linn., 19 May. From
S. C. Bradt, Albany, N. Y. Same, 16 Aug. From M. F. Adams,
Buffalo, N. Y.

Green June beetles, AMorhina nitida Linn., 29 July. From Chester
Young, Flushing, N. Y.

Indian cetonian, Luphoria inda Linn., 16 Aug. From M. F,
Adams, Buffalo, N.Y.

Osmoderma scabra Beauv., 28 July. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coey-
mans,-N. Y.

Oak limbs burrowed by the oak pruner, Elaphidion villosum Fabr.,
11 July. From C. H. Roberts, Oakes, Ulster county, N. Y. A larva
of same, 2 July. From Mrs James R. Gilmore, Lake George, N. Y.

Maple borer, Plagionotus spectosus Say, 16 Aug. From M. F.
Adams, Buffalo, N. Y.

Cloaked knotty horn, Desmocerus palliatus Forst., 16 Aug. From
M. F. Adams, Buffalo, N. Y.

Round-headed apple-tree borer, Saperda candida Fabr., and the
elm borer, Saperda tridentata Oliv., with infested wood and numerous.
larvae, 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Red milkweed beetle, TZetraopes tetraophthalmus Forst., 16 Aug.
From M. F. Adams, Buffalo, N. Y. | |

Numerous examples of the asparagus beetle, Cvioceris asparagt
Linn., 23 July. From Prof: C: H.-Peck, Menands, N. Y. Same;
16 Aug. From M. F. Adams, Buffalo, N.Y. Same, 1g Sep. From
E. 1. Schoontmaker, Cedar, mall N.Y.

12-spotted asparagus beetle, Crioceris r2-punctata Linn., 16 Aug.
From M. F. Adams, Buffalo, N. Y.

Chrysochus auratus Fabr., 16 Aug. From M. F. Adams, Buffalo,
NAY.

Chrysomela multiguttata Stal. on elm, 31 May. From J. W.
Olmstead, Northville, N. Y.

Cherry-leaf beetle, Galerucella cavicollis LeC. on cherry-tree, 8 June.
From Thomas Tupper, Corning, N. Y.

Golden tortoise beetle, Coptocycla bicolor Fabr. on morning glory, 16.
July. From J. G. Linsley,Oswego, N. Y.

Chelymorpha argus Licht. 16 Aug. From M. F. Adams, Buffalo,
eg

Beans infested with bean weevil, Bruchus obtectus Say, 17 Feb.
From M. Ames, Glens Falls, N. Y.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 257

The meal worm, Zenebrio molitor Linn., 4 July. From Mrs E. B.
Smith, Coeymans, N. Y.

Fungus beetle Boletotherus bifurcus Fabr., 29 Sep., in fungus at Rome,
N. Y. From A. W. Wright, Albany, N. Y.

Cryplorhynchus lapathi Linn., 16 Aug. Also mines of same, dated
5 June. From M. F, Adams, Buffalo, N. Y.

Number of larvae of the clover leaf weevil, Phytonomus punctatus
Fabr., 1o May.. From J. Hannam Clark, Moreton Farm, N. Y.
Imago of same, 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Diptera

House fly, Musca domestica Linn., infested with Zrombidium muscarum
Riley, some of which had transformed to the hypopus form, 29 July.
The same with Zrombidium and Chernes,12 Oct. From J. G. Lins-
ley, Oswego, N. Y.

Blow fly, Zuctlia caesar Linn., 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin,
Mass.

Examples of Pslopus sipho Say, 12 Aug. From Mrs C. McDougall,
Plattsburg, N. Y.

Bee slayer, Promachus ?fitchit O.S., 29 July. From Mrs L. A. Mill-
ington, New Russia, N. Y.

Large black horse fly, Zabanus atratus ee 19, May. . Erom.S. Ce
Bradt, Albany, N. Y. |

Lepidoptera

Thecla species, near 7: calanus, 6 July. From Prof. C: H. Peck,
- Menands, N. Y.

Cabbage butterfly, Aeris rapae Linn., 4 July. From Mrs E. B.
Smith, Coeymans, N. Y.

Larva of the swallow tail butterfly, Jasoniades glaucus Linn., 1 Aug.
From: S, Altamont, N. Y. Same,g Aug. From F. B. Southwick,
Rockroyal, N. Y. Imago, 9 Sep. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coey-
mans, N. Y. 3

Several larvae of Hpargyreus tityrus Fabr. on honey locust, 29 Aug.
Also others, 9 Sep. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coeymans, N. Y.

Larvae of Zhyreus abbotii Swain., 7 July. From J. G. Linsley,
Oswego, N. Y.

Larva, dark variety, of Deilephila lineata Fabr. on sugar beet,
19 Sep. From E. T. Schoonmaker, Cedar Hill, N. Y.

A larva of Alypia octomaculata Fabr.on Virginia creeper, 16 July.
From W. H. Coleman, Albany, N. Y.

“258 ' NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Flalisidota tesselaris Sm.-Abb., 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson,
‘Berlin, Mass.

Hickory tussock caterpillar, Aaldsidota caryae Harris on locust,
20 Aug. From Miss R. Thompson, Ballston Spa, N. Y. Same,
g Sep. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coeymans, N. Y.

Several larvae of the white-marked tussock moth, /Votolophus leuco-
stigma Sm.-Abb., on wisteria, ro June. From James Goold, Albany,
N. Y. Same, 29 June. From Mrs W: M. Griffith, Albany, N. Y.
Larvae and pupae of same, 1 July. From Miss J. J. Forqurean,
Albany, N. Y.. Cocoons and egg clusters of same, on plum| trees, 16
July. From W. H. Coleman, Albany, N. Y. Female, cocoons
and egg masses of same, 29 July. From Chester Young, Woodside,
N, Ye

Larvae of Luclea indetermina Boisd. on azalea, 25 Aug. From O. F.
Zollikoffer, New Rochelle, N. Y.

Larva of the hag moth, Probetron pithecium Sm.-Abb., 5 Sep. From
‘Leonard Barron, New York.. Same, 14 Sep., pupated the 26th.
From J. M. Dolphe, Port Jervis, N. Y.

Bag worm, Zhyridopteryx ephemeraeformis Haw., on Crataegus, 9 Ap.
From T., L. Meinikheim, New York.

Red-humped apple-tree caterpillar, Oedemasia concinna Sm.-Abb. on
blackberry and rose bush, 20 Aug. From Miss Alice Young, Clinton,
Mass. Same on plum, 10 Sep. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Cecropia moth, Samia cecropia Linn., 4 June. From W. C. Hitch-
cock, Crepseyville, N. Y. Larva of same, 27 Aug. From S. C. Bradt,
Albany, N. Y.

. Male, female and eggs of the luna moth, Zvopfaea luna Linn., 12 May.
From W. E. Wetmore, West Salamanca, N. Y.

Larva of the American silk worm, Zelea polyphemus Linn., 23 Sep.
From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Female io moth, Automeris io Fabr., 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson,
Berlin, Mass.

Egg belts of the apple-tree tent caterpillar, C/iszocampa americana
Fabr. on peach, 29 July. From Geneva, N. Y., through State depart-
ment of agriculture.

Forest tent caterpillar, CUscocampa adisstria Hiibn., 2 June. From
C.L. Williams, Glens Falls, N. Y. Cast skins of same, on maple
leaves, 8 June. From Mrs Elizabeth Benedict, Glens Falls, N. Y.
Larvae of same, 13 July. From Moses Daly, Exeter, Otsego co., N. Y.

Feltia jaculifera Guen.,g Sep. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coey-
mans, N. Y.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 259"

Three larvae of the zebra caterpillar, Mamestra picta Harris, 19 July.
From W: C. Browning, Alexandria Bay, N. Y. Same on sugar
beets, 19 Sep. and 8 Oct. From E. T. Schoonmaker, Cedar Hill,
N.Y.

Examples of Xylina antennata Walker defoliating maples, 15 June.
From Dr M. G. Planck, Schenectady, N. Y. Numerous larvae of:
same, from Schenectady, through state department of agriculture.

Catucala parta Guen.,4 July, Catocala cara Guen., g Sep. From
Mrs E. B. Smith, Coeymans, N. Y.

Larva of Cacoecita rosaceana Harris on elm,31 May. From J. W.
Olmstead, Northville, N. Y.

Codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella Linn., from under the bark of an
apple tree, 7 Mar. From D. Woodriff, Beaver Creek, Col.

Mecoptera

Two females of a scorpion fly, Panorpa maculosa Hagen, sucking the
fluids from wounded gypsy moth larvae, Forthetria dispar Linn., t July.
From A. H. Kirkland, Maiden, Mass.

Neuroptera

Dendroleon obsoletum Say, 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin,
Mass.

Ant lion, ?Myrmeleon sp., from the Indian Ladder, New Scotland,
1 Aug. From Dr F: J. H. Merrill, Albany, N. Y.

Hemiptera

Spined soldier bug, vaisus spinosus Dallas, observed feeding on
larvae of Crzoceris asparagi and also one trying to insert its proboscis
into a beetle, 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Nymphs of Cosmopepla carnifex Fabr. on asparagus, 25 July. From
Prof. C: H. Peck, Menands, N. Y.

Luschistus fissilis Uhler on asparagus,20 Aug. From J: A. Otter-
son, Berlin, Mass. The same, 19 Sep. From E. T. Schoonmaker,
Cedar Elill, N.Y.

Euschistus tristigmus Say,4 Sep. From Mrs E.B. Smith, Coey-
mans, N. Y.

WNezara hilaris Say, adults and young feeding on asparagus, 20 Aug.
From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Squash bug, Anasa iristis DeGeer, 19 Sep. From E. T. Schoon-
maker, Cedar Hill, N. Y.

Calocoris rapidus Say on asparagus, > Sep. From E,. T. Schoon-
imaer, Cedar Hill, N. Y.

260 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Tarnished plant bug, Zygus pratensis Linn., on chrysanthemums, 30
Aug. From Leonard Barron, New York. Same on chrysanthe-
mums, 20 Aug. From Mrs C. McDougall, Plattsburg, N. Y.

Insidious flower bug, Z7iphleps insidiosus Say, on chrysanthemumas,
30 Aug. From Leonard Barron, New York.

Phymata wolfii Stal.,20 Aug. From Miss Alice Young, Clinton,
Mass. The same, 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Masked bed bug hunter, Ofsicoetus personatus Linn., 20 Aug. From
J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Harvest fly, Cicada tbicen Linn., 9 Sep. From Mrs E. B. Smith,
‘Coeymans, N. Y.

Cast skins of nymphs of ? Ceresa bubalus Fabr. on locust trees, r July.
Miss J. J. Forqurean, Albany, N. Y.

Diedrocephala coccinea Forst., 28 Sep. from Ct. From Leonard
Barron, New York.

Gypona angulata Spang., 20 Aug. From J: A. Otterson, Berlin,
Mass.

Chermes abietis Linn. on black spruce at North Elba, N. Y., 2 July.
From Prof. C: H. Peck, Menands, N. Y.

Woolly aphis of the apple, Schzzoneura lanigera Hausm., on apple
twigs, 17 Mar. From M. H. Davis, Boiceville, N. Y.

Numerous examples of a woolly plant louse, Schizoneura rileyt Thos.,
on elm, 31 May. From J. W. Olmstead, Northville, N. Y.

Apple aphis, Ap/zs ma Fabr., on apple at Norwich, Ct., 14 June.
From P, C. Lewis mfg. co., Catskill, N. Y. |

Examples of the cottony maple-tree scale, Puluinaria innumerabils
Rathv., on elm, 3 July. From Marcus C. Allen, Sandy Hill, N. Y.
Same badly infesting soft maple, 9 July. From John Woltz, Baldwin,
L. I. Same badly infesting twigs of sugar maple, 28 July. From
Miss Kate Fisher, Batavia, N. Y. Same on soft maple, 29 July.
From Chester Young, Flushing, N. Y. Same on maple, 5 Aug.
From A. H. Stratton, Arlington, N. J. Young of same infesting silver
maple leaves, 30 Aug. From Geneva, N. Y., through state depart-
ment of agriculture. Same on maple, 20 Aug. From M. F. Tiger,
Patchogue, N. Y. Young and adults of same on maple, 5 Oct. _ From
M. F. Adams, Buffalo, N. Y. |

Lecanium hesperidum Linn. on leaves of English laurel, 30 Sep.,
through state department of agriculture.

Brown apricot scale of California, Lecanium armeniacum Craw, on
grape,6 June, From A, H. Hayes, Erie county, N. Y.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 261

Tulip-tree scale, Zecanium tulipiferae Cook, 11 Oct. From Alfred
_ Pell, Highland Falls, N. Y.

Numerous examples of the New York plum scale, Lecanium prunastri
Fonsc. on cherry trees, 31 Jan. From James Hendrick, Albany,
N. Y. Same on Avaisia crenulata, 29 July. . From Chester Young,
Flushing, N. Y.

Lecanium cerasifex Fitch on oak, 29 July. From Geneva, N. Y.
through state department of agriculture. Same on maple at Menands,
16 Sep. From Chester Young, nursery inspector.

Lecanium hemisphaericum Targ. on mistletoe, g Mar. From D. §S.
Martin, Columbia, S. C.

San José scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.,g Ap. From James B.
Jessup, Woodstown, N. J. Same badly infesting pear twigs and fruit,
9 July. From H..A. Unger, East Greenbush, N, Y. Same on pear,
29 July. From Flushing, N. Y. Same infesting several species of
trees, 13 Aug. From Farley’s, Cayuga county, N. Y. Same on pear,
29 Aug. From Geneva, N.Y. Same on pear, 16 Sep. From Troy,
N. Y. Same on white lilac, 22 Sep. From Montrose,N. Y. From the
last five localities through the state department of agriculture.

Numerous examples of Aspzdiotus ancylus Putnam on currant, 21 May.
From C. H. Stuart, Newark, N. Y. Taken at Palmyra, N. Y. Same
on willow, 2 Aug. From Fredonia, N. Y. Same on maple, 2 Aug.
From Far Rockaway, N. Y. Sameon American elm, 2 Aug. From
Brighton, N. Y. Same on /vunus and pear twigs,8 Aug. From Geneva,
he same on apple, 29 Aug. From Penfield, N: Y. Same from
Medina, N. Y., 16 Sep., all but first through state department of
agriculture.

English walnut scale, Aspidzotus juglans-regiae Comst., on European
Mountain ash, 2 Aug. From Brighton, N. Y., through state department
of agriculture.

Numerous examples of Aspidiotus dictyospermi Morgan on Areca
dutescens in an Ohio greenhouse, 16 May. From T. D. A. Cockerell,
Mesilla Park, New Mexico.

Apple-tree bark louse, Mytilaspis pomorum Bouché, on apple twigs,
5 Mar. From G: W: Horton, Brewster, N. Y¥. Same on apple,
a7ovew- Prom the H. EF. Hooker co., Rochester, N. Y. ' Numerous
examples of same on apple twigs, 19 May. From G: H. Bracken-
bury, Auburn, N. Y. Same badly infesting twigs of privet and lilac,
29 July. From Chester Young, Flushing, N. Y.

Twig of apple infested with the scurfy bark louse, Chzonaspis furfurus
Fitch, 29 Aug. From Penfield, N. Y., through state department of
agriculture.

262 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Juniper scale, Diaspis carueli Targ., on irish juniper, 9 Sep. From
Sing Sing, N. Y., through state department of agriculture.

Numerous examples of the rose scale, Au/acaspis rosae Sandberg, on
black-cap raspberry vines,11 Mar. From H. G. Chatham, Elkin, N.C.

Aulacaspis boisduvali Sign., on an orchid, 14 Jan. From Mrs E. C,
Anthony,Gouverneur, N. Y..

Farlatoria pergandii Comst. on orange, g Sep. From Sing Sing,.
N.Y., through state department of agriculture.

Orthoptera

White flower cricket, Oecanthus niveus De Geer, 9 Sep. From MrsE. By.
Smith, Coeymans, N. Y. The same on asparagus, 20 Aug. From
J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Small striped ground cricket, Memobius fasciatus De Geer, 20 Aug.
From J: A. Otterson, Berlin, Mass.

Xiphidium brevipenne Scudd., 9 Sep. From Mrs. E. B. Smith,
Coeymans, N. Y.

Cone-headed katydid, Conocephalus ensiger Tarris, 23 July. From.
Mrs H. Bull, Albany, N. Y.

Eggs of a katydid Microcentrum laurifolium Linn., from belt of sew-
ing machine, 10 Sep. From W. A. Whitmore, Marietta, Ga.

Katydid, Amblycorypha oblongifolia De Geer, 9 Sep. From Mrs E. By
Smith, Coeymans, N. Y.

Red-legged grasshopper, Melanoplus femur-rubrum De Geer. From
Mrs E. B. Smith, Coeymans, N. Y.

Female and eggs of the walking stick, Diapheromera femorata Saad
g Aug. From A. C. Armstrong, Amboy, N. Y.

Oriental cockroach, Periplaneta orientalis Linn., 19 May. From $.C.
Bradt, Albany, N. Y. Same infested with a hair snake, Gordius sp.,
over 4 inches long,g Aug. From Mrs E. L. Strong, Ogdensburg, N.Y.

Odonata

Gomphus exilis Selys,g Sep. From Mrs E. B. Smith, Coeymans,
Ney.
Arachnida

Living female tarantula, Zurypelma hentzii Girard, and its cast skin,.
1o Jan. From Dr J. M. Bigelow, Albany, N. Y.

Trombidium ‘muscarum Riley on house fly, 29 July and 12 Oct.
From J. G. Linsley, Oswego, N. Y.

Pear leaves infested with the pear blister mite, Phyéop/us pyri Scheuten,.
26 June. From E. P. Wentworth, Portland, Me.

REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 ~63

Three examples of Chernes ?sanborni Hagen, from a fly, species not
given, 25 July. From G: B. Simpson, Albany, N. Y. A specimen
of the same on house fly, 12 Oct. From J. G. Linsley, Oswego, N. Y.

Myriapoda 7
Household centipede, Scutzgera forceps Raf.,19 May. From §. C.
Bradt, Albany, N. Y.

264 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ;
EXPLANATION OF PLATES

Plate 1. Sugar orchard of Ely Swart, near Arkville, Delaware co.,
showing extensive defoliation by the forest tent caterpillar.

Plate 2. Nearer view of a portion of the same.
Plate 3. Single tree on same place.

Plate 4. Maples and birches near Margaretville, Delaware co.,
showing work of same insect.

Plate 5. Larvae of Mamestra picta on portion ot beet leaf.

Plate 6. Zurypelma hentzi. Fig. 1, dorsal aspect of cast skin:
a, dorsum of cephalo-thorax; 4, location of eyes; c, empty coxal
cavities; e, loose skin of abdomen; f palpi.

Plate 7. Lurypelma hentzii. Fig. 2, ventral aspect of cast skin:
a, poison fangs; other lettering as in the preceding.

a Plates 1-4 are from photographs taken by H. B. Ingram, of Kingston, N. Y., July 8, 1898.

Plate 1

ein”
Bt.

é

Sugar orchard defoliated by forest tent caterpillars, Arkville, Delaware county.

Plate 2

ERAN
SRO

Portion of sugar orchard defoliated by forest tent caterpillars, Arkville, Delaware county.

Plate 3

Maple defoliated by forest tent caterpiliars.

Plate 4

Defoliated maples and birches, Margaretville, N. Y.

Jy
'

“

Plate 5

————S

Zebra caterpiliars.

“ate

Cast tarantula skin—dorsal aspect.

Plate 7

Cast tarantula skin—ventral aspect.

“

aba.

(These supplementary plates are added on account of poor text figures)

Plate S

Fig. 12 XYLINA ANTENNATA (original). Fig. 14 Young of LECANIUM TULIPI-
FERAE, much enlarged (original).

(These supplementary plates are added on account of poor text figures)

Plate 9

4
Camryn yore |

Fig. 17 Work of the elm-leaf miner (original).

Fig. 20 Young of PULVINARIA INNUMERABILIS on maple leaf (original).

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The superior figure points to the exact place on the page in ninths: e. ge.

173' means one ninth of the way down page 173.

Abbot, John, cited, 173°; referred to,

4

193°.

abbotii, Thyreus, 257°.

abietis, Chermes, 260”.

Academy of natural sciences of
Philadelphia, Journal cited, 160°.

Acetate of lead, 225°, 225".

Acknowledgments, 156°-57°.

Adalia bipunctata, 2437, 247°, 255°.

Peams. Vil. F., insects from) 255°,
Bae eGo 250°, 256, 256"; 256’,
256, 257,200".

Additional notes on Sciara, the fun-
gus gnats, 245°.

Adistola americana, 171.

-aestiva, Dendroica, see. Yellow war-

bler.

gearicl, Phora, 171°.

agilis, Mesochorus, 210”.

agitatellus, Crambus, 247°.

Agriculture, Dep’t of, see New York
state dep’t of Agriculture; United
States dep’t of agriculture.

Albany, ravages of elm-leaf beetle at,
234, 01 Notolophus at, 153°, 163°,
235; work of elm-leaf miner at,
237".

Albany county, San José scale in,
242°,

Albany journal, abstract
from, 247"; cited, 174", 212°.

Albany institute, Transactions cited,

6

r74".

evening

albitarsis, Asecodes, 170°, 171”.

album, Chenopodium, see Lamb's

quarters,

Alder, Notolophus leucostigma on.
167°.

Alder, cut leaved, Pemphigus tessel-
latus: on, 238".

Alder blight aphis, 238°-239".

aletiae, Frontina, 170’.

Allen, M. C., insects from, 260".

Allocota thyridopterigis, 170°.

Allorhina nitida, 256°.

Alypia octomaculata, 257°.

Amblycorypha oblongifolia, 262°.

American association for the ad-
vancement of science, Proceedings
cited) 174", 174"... £76"

American elm, see Elm, American.
American society,
Transactions cited, 189°, 200%, 205°.
American entomologist cited, 173°,

1877, 198°.
American entomologist and botanist
107. 198 2ET*.
American gardening, abstract from,
251, 253", 253° “eiteds 21651230":
American naturalist cited, 173°, 174",
176 f DOP %; EOS 20S") 2167,
American philosophical
Proceedings cited, 160°.
American silk worm, see Silk worm.
americana, Adistola, 17th

entomological

cited, 173°,

society,

americana, Bombyx, see Clisiocampa.

americana, Clisiocampa, see Clisio-
campa.

americana, Corvus, see Crow.

americana, Silpha, 255°.

americanus, Ceanothus, see New Jer-
sey tea.

266

americanus, Coccyzus, see Cuckoo,
yellow-billed.
Ames, M., insects from, 256”.
Amorphota orgyiae, 169°.
Anasa tristis, 259°.
anchora, Gaurax, 171°, 174°.
ancylus, Aspidiotus, 261°.
Andricus seminator, 248’,
angulata, Gypona, 260%.
annulipes, Limneria, 204°, 206".
annulipes, Pimpla, 170°, 183°.
Ant hill, to destroy, 246°.
Antlion, 259°.

4

255 -

antennata, Xylina, 207°-212*,
247°, 247°, 248°, 249°, 249", 250°.
also Xylina antennata.
Anthony, Mrs E. C., insects from,
262’.
Anthrenus scrophulariae, 243’.
antiqua, Notolophus, 168%.
Ants, remedy for, 228”.
Ants, black, 2477.
Apanteles, 175°;
congregatus
183°;
delicatus, 169°;
hyphantriae, 170°;
parorgyiae, 170.
Aphids, 2227, 228’, 244°, 251°.
Aphis mali, 248’, 260°;
prunicola, 251°.
Apis mellifica, 255°.
Apple maggot, 161°.
Apple-leaf Bucculatrix, 228’.
Apple-tree, insects injurious to;
Aphis mali, 260°;
Aspidiotus ancylus, 261°;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 241°, 243 ;

230 5
See

var. rufocoxalis,

Carpocapsa pomonella, 259°;
Chionaspis furfurus, 243°, 261°;
Clisiocampa americana, 178", 182’,
182*, 186’;

Clisiocampa disstria, 192°, 195°;
Dolerus sericeus, 255’;
Mamestra picta, 203°;

Mytilaspis pomorum, 243°, 261°;

|

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Notolophus leucostigma, 167°;
Schizoneura lanigera, 244*, 260°;
Trypeta pomonella, 161°.

Apple-tree aphis, 248°, 260°.

Apple-tree bark louse, 243°, 246°, 246”,
261°.

Apple-tree tent caterpillar, 1777-90",
195, 195, 505, 100°, 107, 3220.
252", 258°; ravages, 235°.

Apples injured by Xylina larvae, 208",
210), 21t | 237.

Apricot, Notolophus leucostigma in-
juring, 167°.

Arachnida, species treated of, 219°-

5

20°.

Araneida, species treated of, 219*-

20°.

Ardisia crenulata, Lecanium prun-
astri on, 2017.
Areca lutescens, Aspidiotus dictyos-

permi on, 261".
2

Argus [Albany] cited, 246°, 250°,
250°.

argus, Chelymorpha, 256°.
Arkansas, ravages of forest tent

caterpillar in, 193°.

armeniacum, Lecanium, 153”, 240’,
247*, 260°.
Armstrong, A. C., insects from, 262°.

Army worm, 204°, 208, 211°, 221°,

DOE DAR

Arsenate of soda, 225°.

Asecodes albitarsis, 170°, 171’.

Ash, insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa disstria, 196°;
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°.

Ash grey blister beetle, see Blister

beetle.

Ashmead, W. H., cited, 189’.

asparagi, Crioceris, 253°, 256°, 259°.

Asparagus, insects injurious to;
Calocoris rapidus, 259°
Cosmopepla carnifex, 259’;
Euschistus fissilis, 259°;
Mamestra picta, 204", 207°;
Oecanthus niveus, 262”.

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

8

Asparagus beetles, 245°, 251,

256°.

Aspidiotus ancylus, 261°;
dictyospermi, 261°;
juglans-regiae, 261';
perniciosus, 154°, 240°, 243°, 244°,

246, 251°, 261°.
Association of economic entomolo-

2535

gists, paper read before, 231’;
reference, 252°, 253°.

Aster, Mamestra picta feeding on,
203°.
atratus,
lobius.

atratus, Elasmus, 171°.

Chermes, see C._ strobi-

atratus, Tabanus, 257°.
atricapillus, Parus, see Chickadee.
Aulacaspis boisduvalii, 262°.
rosae, 262”.
auratus, Chrysochus, 256’.
Ausable Forks, Trypeta canadensis
at TOL.
Automeris io, 258".
Azalea, Euclea indetermina on, 258".

Badia, var.
168°.

Bag worm, 245’, 258°.

Balaninus proboscideus, 245°.

Baltimore oriole, see Oriole.

Barberry,

Notolophus antiqua,

Clisiocampa americana
feeding on, 182’.

Barron, Leonard, insects from, 258’,
260°, 2607, 260°.

Barrows, W. B., cited, 207°.

Basket worm, see Bag worm.

Bathythrix meteori, 170’.

pimplae, 171°.

realy ts) i, cited,’.176°, 190°.

Bean, Mamestra picta on, 203”.

Bean weevil, 256°.

Beans infested by weevils, 256”.

Bee slayer, 257”.

Beech, forest tent caterpillar injur-
ing, 192’.

Bees injuring grapes, 244’.

267

Beet, Mamestra picta on, 204’.
Beitrage zu eimer Monographie der
Coniferen-Liause cited, 238’.
Bell, J. J., cited, 198°.
Benedict, Mrs _ Elizabeth,
from, 258°.
Bergroth, Evald, cited, 218’.
Bessey, C. E., cited, 187°, 199%.
Bethune; C.J. S., cited, 1737,
198°, 205°; reference, 164”.
bicolor, Coptocycla, 256°.
bifurcus, Boletotherus, 2577.
Bigelow, J. M., insects from, 262°;

insects

187*,

reference, 220°, 250°; | tarantula
from, 219°.
Biologic collection, beginning of

made, 155°; value of, 156°.
bipunctata, Adalia, 243", 247°, 255°.
Birch, insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa americana, 182°;
Clisiocampa disstria, 1927;
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°;
Pemphigus tessellatus, 2397.
Birch, gray, Clisiocampa disstria on,
196". |
Birch, white,
on, 196".
Birds controlling tent caterpillar,
184’; feeding on same, 184°.
Bisexual moth of tent caterpillar,
180°.
bivittata, Neoglaphyroptera, 171°.
Black ants, see Ants.
Black currants, Trypeta canadensis
injuring, 161°.
Black gum, Clisiocampa disstria on,
196".
Black oak, see Oak, black.
Black peach aphis, 251°.
Black walnut, see Walnut, black.
Blackberry, Oedemasia concinna on
258’.
Black-billed cuckoo, see Cuckoo.
Blister beetle, ash grey, 245°.
Blow fly, 257*.
Bogue, E. E., cited, 190°.

Clisiocampa_ disstria

268 NEW

boisduvalii, Aulacaspis, 2627.

Boletotherus bifurcus, 257’.

Bombyx americana, see Clisiocampa.

Bordeaux mixture, 224°, 224°.

Boston meeting, notes on, 253°.

boucheanus, Dibrachys, 170°,
171; 103".

Box elder, Notolophus leucostigma
on, 167°.

Brackenbury, G: H., insects
Ale ity 2 Oi

Bradt, S. Cs insects trom 231, 255°
256, 257°, 258° 202", 26037.

brevipenne, Xiphidium, 262°.

Bristie-tail, 216°-218”.
isma domestica.

British Columbia, Trypeta canaden-
sis in, 161°.

ivf,

from,

See also Lep-

Brown apricot scale, 153°, 247°, 260’.

Brown-tailed moth, 253°.
Browning, W. C., insects from, 201°,
259; quoted, 201°; reference, 236%.
Bruchus obtectus, 256°.
Bruner, Lawrence, cited, 189°, 200’,
206"; reference, 183°, 184’.
bubalus, ?Ceresa, 260°.
Bucculatrix pomifoliella, 251%.
Buckeye, Notolophus
on, 167°.
Buckwheat, Mamestra picta on, 204°.
Buffalo, N. Y., ravages of Notolo-
phus at, 163°, 235°.
Buffalo carpet beetle,
beetle, Buffalo.
Buffalo commercial,
251°; cited, 276”.
Buffalo commercial, tumes and inquirer
cited, 176°.
Buffalo daily times,
251°; cited, 176°.
Buffalo news, abstract from,
cited, 176”.
Buffalo society of natural sciences,
Bulletin cited, 205°, 212°.
Bull, Mrs H., insects from, 262°.
Bull, M. I., services of, 155°.

leucostigma

see Carpet

abstract from,

abstract from,

251°;

,
|

YORK STATE MUSEUM

Burdock, Mamestra picta on, 203”.

Burgess, A. F., cited, 176’, 190°; 200°;
reference, 196’.

Butterfly, little orange, 239”.

Buttonwood, Notolophus
stigma on, 167°.

Byturus tomentosus, 158°, 159’;
unicolor; bibliography, 160°; de-

leuco-

scription, 159; injuries and dis-
tribution, 158°-159, 232”; life his-
tory, I59°; occurrence on rasp-
berries, 158; 255°:
remedies, 150’.

reference,

Cabbage, Mamestra picta on, 153’,
20. COs N2One

Cabbage butterfly, 257".

Cabbage worm, 249°.

Cacoecia rosaceana, 245°, 259°.

cacoeciae, Elachistus, 171°.

caesar, Lucilia, 257%,

calanus, Thecla, 257°.

calidum, Calosoma, 190°, 196", 255’.

Calocoris rapidus, 250”.

Calosoma calidum, 190”, 196’, 2557
frigidum, 176", 190°;
scrutator, 183°, 190°,

199’, 200’;
wilcoxi, 196", 200%.
Cambridge, N, Y., overrun by tent
caterpillars, 178".

Camden, N. Y., Trypeta canadensis

at, fon

Camera, field, purchase of, 155’.

Camponotus pennsylvanicus (prob-

ably Formica subsericea), 245°.
cana, var. Notolophus vetusta, 168°.

Canada, reference to insects in, 158’,

159°, 150, 101, Tos) 105
canadensis, Epochra, see Trypeta.
Trypeta, 160°-163°, see Trypeta.
Canadian entomologist cited, 173°,
174°, 174°, 187%, 187°, 188", 188, 188",
189, 189", 1907, 198°, 198°, 198°, 198”,
199, 199°, 199", 199°, 206°, 206°, 211’,
212°, 216°, 216°.

4

196°, 190°,

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

candida, Saperda, 256°.

Canker worm, 184%, 225°, 245°, 254°.

eata, Catocala, 250°.

Carman, E. S., cited, 216°.

carnifex, Cosmopepla, 250’.

Carpenter ant, 245°.

Carpet beetle, Buffalo, 243°.

Carpocapsa pomonella, 244’, 246°,

250°.

Carrion beetles, 255°.

Carrot, Mamestra picta on, 203°.

carueli, Diaspis, 262".

caryae, Halisidota, 258”.

casei, Piophila, 245°.

Castor-oil plant, Notolophus leuco-
stigma on, 167°.

Catalogue of the described lepidop-
tera of North America (Morris)
Cited, 173) ,197°, 205°.

Catalogue of the diptera of North
America (Osten-Sacken)cited, 162°.

Catalogue of the insects of New Jersey
(Smith) cited, 160°, 175°, 189°, 200°,
206’, 212°, 213°.

Catocala cara, 250°.

parta, 250°.

Caulfield, F. B., cited, 189*, 200°, 206°;
reference, 204°.

Cauliflower, insects injurious to;

cut worms, 247”.

Mamestra picta, 203”.
3

eavicollis, Galerucella, 235°, 247°,
250°.

Cayuga county, San José scale in,
242".

Ceanothus americanus, see New Jer-
sey tea. !

Cecidomyia destructor, 240°.

grossulariae, 160°.

Cecidomyid in choke-cherries, 245°.

cecropia, Samia, 258°.

Cecropia moth, 258°.

Celery, Mamestra picta on, 203°.

Celtis, see Hackberry.

Central experimental farm (Canada),
Report of the entomologist and

265

botanist cited, 160*, 188’, 189’, 190°,
206".
Ceramica exusta, see Mamestra
picta.
picta, see Mamestra picta.
cerasifex, Lecanium, 240", 261’.
Ceratopsyllus serraticeps, 248”.
? Ceresa bubalus, 260°.
Chalcis ovata, 169°.
Chambliss, (GC. E., citeds, 176" 189°.
Chatham, H. G., insects from, 262”.
Check list of noctuidae of America,
north of Mexico (Grote) cited, 212°.
Check list of North American moths
(Grote) cited, 205°.
Cheese skipper, 245°.
Chelymorpha argus, 256”.
Chenopodium album, see Lamb’s
quarters.
Chermes abietis, 260°;
atratus, see C. strobilobius;
“coccineus, see C. strobilobius;
geniculatus, see C. strobilobius;
hamadryas, see C. strobilobius;
lariceti, see C. strobilobius;
strobilobius, 238’.
Chernes ?sanborni, 263’.
Cherry, garden, Notolophus
costigma on, 167°.
Cherry, wild, insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa americana, 177’,
17S too":
Xylina larvae, 273°.
Cherry-leaf beetle, 247°, 256°.
Cherry-tree, insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa americana, 182°;
Clisiocampa disstria, 195°;
Eriocampoides limacina, 231°;
Galerucella cavicollis, 235*, 247°,
258°.
Lecanium prunastri, 261’.
Cherry-tree slug, 231°.
Chestnut weevils, 245°.
chicasa, Prunus, see Plum, wild.
Chickadee feeding on tent caterpil-

lar, 184°.

leu-

270 | NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Chickens devouring infested cur-
rants, 162°.
Chinch bug, 245’.
Chionaspis furfurus, 243°, 246°, 261°.
Chipping sparrow feeding on tent
caterpillar, 184°.
Chittenden, F. H., cited, 160’, 207%.
Choke-cherries, Cecidomyid in, 245°.
Choke-cherry, Notolophus leuco-
stigma on, 167°.
Cholodkovsky, N., cited, 238’, 238.
Chrysanthemums, insects on;
Lygus pratensis, 253", 260°;
Triphleps insidiosus, 253", 260°.
Chrysochus auratus, 256°.
Chrysomela multiguttata, 256’.
chrysorrhoea, Euproctis, 253°.
Cicada septendecim, 245°;
tibicen, 260°.
Cicindela sexguttata, 255°.

cinerea, Lithophane, see Xylina
antennata.

Xylina, see Xylina antennata.

cinerosa, Lithophane, see Xylina
grotel.

Cinura, ‘species treated of, 216°-218’.

claripennis, Euphorocera, 169°, 196°.

Clark, J.-H; ansects from, 257".

Clarkson, Frederick, cited, 174°.

Classification of the coleoptera of North
America (LeConte-Horn) cited,
160%.

claudus, Perillus, 184°.

Claypole, E. W., cited, 188’, 199’.

claypoliana, Steganoptycha, 245°.

Cieonymus clisiocampae, see Di-
brachys boucheanus.

Clinton [Mass.] courant, abstract
from, 51 .

Clisiocampa americana, an old and
familiar pest, 177°; bibliography,
186°-190°; birds feeding on, 184°;
description of stages, 178-180';
distribution, 182°; figure of larvae
and nest, 179°; of adults, 180°; food

plants, 1827; hermaphrodite de-

|
|

scribed and figured, 180°; injuries by,

153, 235°; life history and habits,
180°-182"; natural enemies, 182%-
184°; parasites, 182'-183'; predace-
ous enemies, 183°-184°; preventive
measures and remedies, 184'-186°;
references, 04°, 105, 252.) 256.

Clisiocampa disstria; bibliography,
197°-201"; birds feeding on, 196°;
description, 194°; distribution, 195°;
figures, 194°, plates 1-4; food plants,
195'-196'; fungus disease, 196°; in-
juries, 153°, I91°-193°; life history
and habits, 195’; natural enemies,
196°; parasites, 196°; predaceous
insects, 196°; ravages, 178, 236°;
reference, 178, 183°, 208, 237,
246, 249°, 250°, 258°; remedies and
preventives, 197°; vertebrate en-
emies, 184”.

Clisiocampa ‘fragilis, 182°.

Clisilocampa neustria, erroneous

reference of C. disstria.

Clisiocampa pluvialis, 182°, 195”.

Clisiocampa sylvatica, see C. disstria.

clisiocampae, Cleonymus, see Dzi-

brachys boucheanus.

clisiocampae, Telenomus, 183’, 189”.

Cloaked knotty horn, 256%.

Clover, eel worms injuring, 244°;
Mamestra picta feeding on, 203°,
205°.

Clover-leaf weevil, 257°.

Coccidae, species treated of, 213°-
216". '

coccinea, Diedrocephala, 260°.

Coccinellidae, 243".

coccineus, Chermes, see C. strobilo-
bius.

Coccophagus
216°.

Coccyzus americanus, see Cuckoo,

flavoscutellum, 215°,

yellow-billed.
erythropthalmus, see Cuckoo,

black-billed.

;

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 271

Cockerell, T. D. A., cited, 216*; in-
sects from, 261’.

Cockroaches, 219°.

Codling moth, 2441, 246°, 250°.

coeruleus, Ichneumon, 170°.

Coleman, N., cited, 174°.

Coleman, W. C., cited, 176°; insects
from, 257°, 258°.

Coleoptera, species treated of, 158’-
160"...

Collection of insects, state, condition
Of 155°, 150.

Collett, J. G., reference, 161°.

Colorado, Trypeta canadensis in,
161°.
Colorado agricultural experiment

station, Bulletin cited, 163°, 100°.
columba, Tremex, 255°.
Columbia county, San José scale in,
242°
Commercial, and

[Buffalo], abstract from, 251°.

times imquirer
Commissioner of agriculture charged
with inspection of nurseries, 154°.
Commissioner of patents, Report of
Dep’t of Agriculture cited, 186°.
Common injurious insects of Kansas
(Kellogg) cited, 175°, 189°.
communis, Meteorus, 160’.
Comstock, A. B., cited,
190°, 200°, 207°.
Romstock, |. H.. cited, 160°, 176°,
igo. 160, 190, 200°, 200", 207°, 216".
Comys fusca, 240’, 247%.
concinna, Oedemasia, 258”.
Cone-headed katydid, 262°.
congregatus var. rufocoxalis, Apan-
teles, 183”.

160°,

4

170%,

Coniteren-Lause, Beitrage su einer
Monographie, cited, 238’.
Connecticut, work of Lecanium

tulipiferae in, 214°.
Connecticut agricultural experiment
station, Report cited, 216°.
Conocephalus ensiger, 262°.

conquisitor, Pimpla, 169°, 170°, 175’,
182°, 196°.

contraria, Mythimna, see Mamestra
picta.

Cook, A. J., cited, 188", 216°; refer-
ence, 213°, 214°, 215°.
Cooke, Matthew, cited,
199".

Cooley, R. H., reference, 208°.

Coptocycla bicolor, 256°.

Coquillett, D. W., cited, 1747, 188°,
200", 206°; reference, 196°, 240’.

Corn, Mamestra picta on, 204".

Cornell agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 176*, 180°, 212°,
212", 213%, 224°, 226°; Report cited,
216".

Corn-root worms, 243°, 243%.

cornuta, Corydalis; 252”.

Corvus americanus, see Crow.

Corydalis cornuta, 252".

Cosmopepla carnifex, 259".

Cotton worm, parasite of, 182°.

Cottony maple-tree scale, 153°, 260°.

a ae 7
174°, 188',

Country gentleman, abstracts from,
243°, 243°, 243°, 243°, 243°, 244°, 244°,
244°, 244°, 244°, 244°, 244°, 245°, 246°,
246°, 246°, 246", 246°, 247°, 247°, 247°,
247°, 248", 248", 248*, 248°, 248°, 248",
248", 249", 249°, 249°, 249", 249°, 250°,
PEO AACO LAST AGE. 251. . A52.: anos
252", 252°, 252", 252°, 253, 253, 253°,
253° (253'.. 254, 254, ‘254°; cited,
174, 170°, 176", 187°, 1877, ¥87°, 190°,
198", 200°, 205°, 207°, 212*; notices in,
155°; quoted, 201°, 201".

Crambus agitatellus, 247°.

Cranberry, Mamestra picta on, 203°.

Crataegus, Thyridopteryx ephemer-
aeformis on, 258°.

Cratotechus orgyiae, 170°.

Crioceris asparagi, 2537, 256°, 259°

245°, 253;

“

duodecim-punctata,
BE:
cristatus, Prionodus, 171°.
Crow feeding on tent caterpillars,

184°.

272 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Cryptorhynchus lapathi, 257°.

Cuckoo, black-billed, feeding on for-
est tent caterpillars, 196°; on No-
tolophus larvae, 168°; on tent cater-
pillars, 184°: yellow-billed, feeding
on Notolophus larvae, 169°; on tent
caterpillars, 184°.

Cuckoos feeding on Notolophus

larvae, 176°; on tent caterpillars,
8

190°.

Cucumber beetle, striped, 249°.

Cucumbers, cut worms injuring,

247°.

Cultivator cited, 173°.

cunea, Hyphantria, 211’.

cuproideus, Pteromalus, 170°, 170°.

Currant, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus ancylus, 261°;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 241°;
Mamestra picta, 203°, 205".

Currant worms, 226°.

Currants, insects injurious to;
Cecidomyia grossulariae, 160‘;
Trypeta canadensis, 161°, 162’;
Xylina larvae, 210°.

Cut worms, 225°, 226°, 247°.

Cynipidae, 248’.

Cypress, Notolophus leucostigma on,

167°.

Dakota agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 206°.

Daly, Moses, insects from, 258’.

Dana natural history society, abstract
of address before, 247’.

Datana integerrima, 245°.

Davis, G.. Gs “cited; 576", 190°, 200°,
207°; reference, 202”, 202°, 204°, 204".

Davis, M. H., insects from, 260”.

debilis, Spilochalcis, 171’.

decemlineata, Polyphylla, 256°.

definita, Notolophus, 167°, 168”.

Deilephila lineata, 257°.

Delaware county, forest tent caterpil-
lar ravages in, 191°, Ig1°-192°, 192’.
236°.

delicatus, Apanteles, 169°.

Dendroica aestiva, see Yellow warb-
ler. :

Dendroleon obsoletum, 259°.

Dermestid, 175%.

Dermestid beetle, 171". /

.

Dermestidae, species treated of, 1587-
160".
Desmocerus palliatus, 256°.
destructor, Cecidomyia, 240°.
devastatrix, Tylenchus (aneel worm),
244".
Diabrotica duodecim-punctata, 243°;
longicornis, 243°;
vittata, 249°. |
Diapheromera femorata, 252°, 262°.
Diaspis carueli, 262".
Diastictis ribearia, 245°.
Dibrachys boucheanus, 170°, 171’,
171, 103°.
dictyospermi, Aspidiotus, 261".
Diedrocephala coccinea, 260%. :
Dimmock, A. K., cited, 1757, 188°,
199°.
Diplodus luridus, 183°, 190’.
Diplosis species, 171°.
Diptera, species treated of, 160°-163°
dispar, Porthetria, 185°, 195°, 253°,
250%. .
disstria, Clisiocampa, see C. disstria.
Doane, R. W., cited, 163°.
Dog wood, Clisiocampa disstria on,
190".
Dolerus sericeus, 246°, 255°.
Dolphe, J. M., insects from, 258*.
domestica, Lepisma, 216°-218°. See
also Lepisma domestica.
domestica, Thermobia, see Lepisma.
dorsalis, Odontota, 245°.
duodecim-punctata, Crioceris, 245,
253°, 2506’.
duodecim-punctata, Diabrotica, 243°.

Dutchess county, San José scale in,
3 . :

242°.

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

Dyer elt Gi. cited; 475", 170°, 180",
190°, 200‘, 200°; reference, 166°, 167°,
168', 182", 195°, 207°, 208°, 209", 236”.

Economic entomologists, association

of, paper read before, 231°, 252°,

5

253°.
Economic entomology (Smith) cited,

160°, 175°, 189°, 212’.
Ecpantheria ocularia, 245°.
scribonia, see E. ocularia.
Edwards, Henry, cited, 175*, 189°,
200°, 206°, 211°, 213°.
Eel worms, 244°.
Ehrhorn, E. M., reference, 240’.
Elachistus cacoeciae, 171’.
Elaphidion villosum, 232*, 250", 256°.
Elasmus atratus, 171’.
Elder, box, see Box elder.
Elliot, "S. L., cited, 213°.
Elm, insects injurious to;
Cacoecia rosaceana, 250°;
Clisiocampa americana, 182*;
Clisiocampa disstria, 196’;
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°;

Pulvinaria :

innumerabilis, 260’;
Schizoneura rileyi, 260°.

Elm, American, Aspidiotus ancylus
on, 261°; injured by leaf miner,
237°.

Elm, Camperdown, injured by leaf
miner, 237%.

Elm, English, injured by leaf miner,

Elm, Scotch, injured by leaf miner,
2a5"

Elm bark louse, 245".

Elm borer, 245’, 256°.

Elm-leaf beetle, 1547, 154°, 221°, 225°,
231", 232°-235°, 244", 245", 246', 246°,
BAS, 251°, 252°: bulletin on; 1547,
250°.

Elm-leaf miner, 237°.

Elms, insects injurious to;

leaf miner, 153°.

273
Galerucella luteola, 234°, 235°,
fi ae
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 239°.

Elm twigs girdled by Notolophus
larvae, 167°.
Emmons, Ebenezer, cited, 173°, 186°,
197".
Empusa sphaerosperma, a fungus,
246%.
England, injuries by Byturus tomen-
tosus in, 158°.
English laurel, Lecanium hesperi-
dum on, 260’.
English sparrows, protecting Notolo-
phus, 164°; reference, 169°, 184%.
English walnut scale, 2617.
164°, 174",

Ennomos_ subsignarius,

9

174
ensiger, Conocephalus, 262°.
Entomologia systematica (Fabricius)

cited, 186°.

Entomologic features of the year,
nese

Entomologica americana cited, 218’.

Entomological contributions (Lintner)

cited, 205”.

Entomological correspondence (Harris)

cited, 173*, 197°, 2057.

Entomological news cited, 163°.
Entomological society of Ontario,

Report cited, 160°, 173", 173°, 174,

LIA TOR) UG UOT. TSA sites 5 bes 5

188°, 189°, 189%, 190*, 190°, 198’, 198°,
198°, 198°, 199", 199°, 199°, 190°, 199%,
1QG, 200/205. 205 ,°200,, 210.
Entomological society of Washing-
ton, Proceedings cited, 176", 216°.
Entomologist, correspondence of,
155°; list of publications of, 243°-
254°; publications by, 154", 155°.

Entomologist of the Minnesota agri-
cultural experiment station, Re-
port cited, 207°, 213°.

Entomologist’s monthly magazine cited,
6

173 -

274

Epargyreus tityrus, 257°.

ephemeraeformis, Thyridopteryx,

2

245°.
Epochra canadensis, see Trypeta.
Erie county, Lecanium armeniacum
ini TS",
Eriocampoides limacina, 231°.
erythropthalmus, Coccyzus, see
Cuckoo, black-billed.
esurus, Syntomosphyrum, 171’.
Euclea indetermina, 258".
Eufitchia ribearia, see Diastictis.
Eulophid reared from Notolophus
cocoons, I71'.
Eupelmus limneriae, 171°.
Euphoria inda, 245°, 256°.
Euphorocera claripennis, 169°, 196°.
Euproctis chrysorrhoea, 253°.
European elms, see Elms.
European mountain ash, Aspidiotus
juglans-regiae on, 261".
Eurypelma henzii,
cast skin, 220°; figures of cast skin,
plate 6, 7; gift to the division, 219°;
habits, 219°; molting, 219°; refer-
ence, 250”, 262°.
Euschistus fissilis, 259’
tristigmus, 259”.
exilis, Gomphus, 262°.
Exorista griseomicans, 170°.
exusta,
picta.
Eyprepia parthenice, 210”.
virgo, 210°.

description of

Ceramica, see Mamestra

Fabricius, J. C., cited, 186°.
Fall web worm, 211°’.
Farmers’ bulletin cited, 227°.
fasciata,, Phosa. 071.
fasciatus, Nemobius, 262%.
Faville, E. E., cited, 190°.
Belt, UE uP cited. veri. 100 ./ 200s
207°, 212°, 216".
Feltia herilis, 210°
jaculifera, 258’
subgothica, 210°.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

femorata, Diapheromera, 252°, 262°.

femur-rubrum, Melanoplus, 262°.

Feniseca tarquinius, 239°.

Fernald, C. H., cited, 176’, 188°, 200°,
206°, 211°; reference, 182", 185°, 225°.

Ferris, Peter, cited, 198’; reference,
4

oan
Fiery ground beetle, 255’.
Figures of;

apple-tree tent caterpillar, 174°,
179°, 180°

Chalcis ovata, 169’

cherry-tree defoliated by tent

caterpillars, 177°

Clisiocampa americana, 177*, 179",
180°

Clisiocampa disstria, 194’, plates
1-4.

Dibrachys boucheanus, 171’

elm-leaf miner, work of, 237’

Eurypelma hentzii, cast skin,
plate, 6177

forest tent caterpillar, 194’, plates
I-4

larvae and nest of tent caterpil-
lars 76-

Lecanium tulipiferae, 214’, 215"

Lepisma domestica, 218; work
OL, 217,

Notolophus leucostigma, 165’

Pemphigus tessellatus, 239°, 2407

Pimpla conquisitor, 183°

Pimpla inquisitor, 168’

Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 2417

tarantula, cast skin, plate.6, 7

trees defoliated by forest tent
caterpillar, plates 1-4

white-marked tussock moth,

165°
Xylina antennata, 209°.
Fir, Notolophus leucostigma on,
167°.

Fish-moth, 216°-218”.
ma domestica.

See also Lepis-

Fisher, Jabez, reference, 230%.
Fisher, Kate, insects from, 260".

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

fissilis, Euschistus, 250’.

Fitch Asa, cited, 160°, 173°, 186", 107°;
quoted, 150°; reference, 158*, 158°,
Remist or, Tot 182°, 1837 183",
186", 232°.

? fitchii, Promachus, 257°.

flavoscutellum, Coccophagus, 215°,
21.

Flea, cat and dog, 248’.

Flea beetles, 226°.

Fletcher, James, cited, 160*, 188°, 180",
199°, 206°; reference, 158°, 161°, 204".

Fletcher, James, cited,
200°.

Flies, plague of, 253°.

Flint, O. Q., reference, 192°, 192".

Florida agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 207%.

and others,

Fly, Chernes ?sanborni on, 263’.
Mermes) 5. A., cited, 174°, 199’, 200°;
quoted, 193°; reference, 196°, 106°.
Forbush, ©. H., cited, 100°; refer-

ence, 184°, 1857.
forceps, Scutigera, 2637.

Forest tent caterpillar, 1917-2017. See
also Clisiocampa disstria.
Formica rufa (probably F.

toides), 245*.
formosa, Pepsis, 255°.
-Formulas of dep’t of agriculture,
state of New York, abstract from,

252°.

€xSec-

Forqurean, J. J., insects from, 258°,
260%.

Four-lined leaf bug, 222°.

fragilis, Clisiocampa, 182’.

Breen, G. EH., cited, 1747, 188°, 199°,
ZO 213.

irenciim, irontina, 160°, 183", .196°.

frigidum, Calosoma, 176’, 190°.

Frontina aletiae, 170’

frenchii, 169°, 183", 106°.

Fruit grower’s association of On-
tario, Report cited, 187*, 198°,

Fruit trees, see Trees, fruit,

275

fugitiva, Limneria, 196°.

fulvescens, Theronia, 169’.

fungus, Boletotherus bifurcus on,
Piso ie ,

Fungus disease attacking Clisio-
campa disstria, 196°.

Fungus gnats, 245°.

furfurus, Chionaspis, 243°, 246°, 261°.

fusca, Comys, 240’, 247%.

Fyles, T. W., cited, 190°.

galbula, Baltimore

Icterus, see
oriole.
Galerucella cavicollis, 235°, 247°, 256°
luteola, prolificacy of, 232°; ovi-
position, record of, 233°-234°;
ravages by, 234°, 235°; refer-
ences, 231°, 245", 240°, 246°,
24S 251.
Gall flies, 248°.
Gall of Andricus seminator, 255°.
Garden and forest cited, 175’, 175°,
176°.
Garden cherry, see Cherry, garden.

Garden crops, zebra caterpillar on,
8

153°.

Garden plum, see Plum, garden.

Garman, Harrison, cited, 190’, 207°.

Gartered plume moth, 245°.

Gaurax anchora, 171°, 174°.

Gaylord, Willis, cited, 186°.

geniculatus, Chermes, see C. strobi-
lobius.

Geranium, Notolophus leucostigma
on, 167°.

Geum, Byturus unicolor on, 158”.

gibbosa, Nadata, erroneous reference
of Xylina antennata.

Gillette, C. P., cited, 160*, 163°, 190°;
reference, 158", 161°.

Gilmore, Mrs James R., insects from,
256°; reference, 192°.

glaucus, Jasoniades, 252”, 257’.

Glover, Townsend, cited, 186°.

Goding, F. W., cited, 188°.

Golden tortoise beetle, 256°.

276

Gomphus exilis, 262°.

Goold, James, insects from, 258’.

Gooseberries, insects injurious to;
Cecidomyia grossulariae, 160°
Trypeta canadensis, 161°, 161°.

Gooseberry fruit fly, 160°-163°. See

also Trypeta.

Gooseberry midge, 160’.

Gossyparia ulmi, 245°.

Gott, Benjamin. cited, 188°, 199°.

Gould, H. P., reference, 226°.

grande, Isosoma, 254%, 255°.

grandis, Lebia, 245".

Grape, insects injurious to;
Lecanium

247*, 260°

Notolophus leucostigma, 167’.

armeniacum,

Grapes, insects injurious to;
bees, 2447
Vespa species, 244°.
Grasses of North
cited, 216°.
Grasshoppers, 225°, 226°.
Graves, Mrs H. D., reference, 161’,
Gray birch, see Birch, gray.
Great white leopard moth, 245°.
Green June beetles, 256”.
Green-fly, 244”.
Greene county, forest tent caterpillar
ravages in, I91°, 192°, 192”.
Greenhouses, treating pests in, 227°,
230°.
Griffith, Mrs W: M., insects from,
258.
griseomicans, Exorista, 170".

America (Beal)

grossulariae, Cecidomyia, 160’.

CrOte A Be cited, 6EZAr) 205, 208",
211", 212°, a12*.

grotei, Lithophane, see Xylina.

grotei, Xylina, 208’, 208°, 209', 200°,
209’, 210°.

Ground beetles, 183°.

Guenee, Achille, cited, 2057.

Guide to the study of insects (Packard)
cited, 160°, 173°, 186°, 1987, 205%.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Gunnis, W. R., reference, 220°.

Gypona angulata, 260%.

Gypsy moth, 185°, 188°, 190°, 195°,
2a 5.2235) 252° 250.

Gypsy moth (Forbush and Fernald)
cited, 190°. ;

Gypsy moth, Report of Massachusetts
board of agriculture cited, 176°,
170-1 200 aries

Habrocytus thyridopterigis, 171°.
Hackberry, Notolophus leucostigma
On T07 <
Hag moth, 253°, 258.
Hair snake, oriental cockroach in-
fested with, 262".
Halisidota caryae, 258°
tesselaris, 258°.

Ham skipper, 245°.

hamadryas, Chermes, see C. strobilo-
bius.

Hancock, J. LL... cited, ‘x76

Hargitt, C. W., cited, 200°.

Harlequin cabbage bug, 248%.

Harpalus pennsylvanicus, 255’.

Harrington, W. H., cited, 199”.

Harris, .T. W., cited; 173) 160 ene
205°; reference, IQ1°.

Harvest fly, 260°.

Harvey, F. L., cited, 163”, 190°, 201’,
207°, 211°; reference, 161’. ;

Hayes, A. H., insects from, 260°.

HH. CE. “Hooker eax
261°.

helicis, Helicobia, 171’.

Helicobia helicis, 1717.

heliothidis, Telenomus, 204°.

Hellgramite, 252°.

insects from,

Hemiptera, species treated of, 213°-
216".
hemisphaericum, Lecanium, 261°.
Hemiteles townsendi, 170°.
Hendrick, James, insects from, 2617.
hentzii,, Eurypelma, 219'-220°, 250”,
8

262°. See also Eurypelma.

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

herilis, Feltia, 210”.

Hermaphrodite tent caterpillar moth,
180".

hesperidum, Lecanium, 260”.

Hessian fly, 249”.

Hickory, Clisiocampa disstria on,
190°.

Hickory leaves, Xylina antennata
on, 210".

Hickory tussock caterpillar, 258’.
inilanis. Nezara, 250 .

Eijiimaa, F. H., cited, 212°; refer-
ence, 208".
Hinis about
See also Insecticides, hints about.

hieticauda, Pimpla, 170’.

histrionica, Murgantia, 248’.
Hitchcock, W. C., insects from, 258”.
iMemalontyia scalaris, 171°.

msecticides, 221*-230°.

Homoptera, species treated of, 213°-
ZiOn.

Honey bee, 255°.

Honey locust, insects injurious to;
Epargyreus tityrus, 257°
Notolophus leucostigma, 167’.

Honeysuckle, insects injurious to;
Mamestra picta, 203°
plant lice, 247°.

Hood, L. E., cited, 180”.

Hopkins, A. D., cited,. 207’.

Horn, G. H., cited, 160*; reference,
ag

T5O'.
Horton, G: W:, insects from, 261°.
Horsechestnut, Notolophus leuco-

stigma on, 163°, 167°, 235°.

House fly, Trombidium and Chernes
On, 257°.

House sparrow, see English sparrow.

Household centipede, 2637.

Howard, L. O., acknowledgments to,
Maer ooze; (cited, 6g. 165", “166°,
169’, 169°, 175*, 176°, 1897, 190°, 200°,
206", 206°, 212°, 213*, 216°, 216°, 220°:
quoted, 167°; reference, 167°, 160’,
L7Gr170, 170, 170, 171, 171, 171°,

Dike

E72 4 162.103. 200, 2US) 227, 227°.
228”.
Hoy, P..R., cited, 188", ro0°.
Hyde, M.. R., insects: from, 255°.
Hymenopterous parasites, 160’.
Hyperparasites of Notolophus, 170’,
Te We
Hyphantria cunea, 2117.
hyphantriae, Apanteles, 170°. ~
hyphantriae, Meteorus, 169°, 210’.
Hubner, Jacob, cited, 197°.
Hudson, G. H., quoted,
210°; reference, 210°.
Etuise G.I. ctred. 075.

209°-210',

Ichneumon coeruleus, 170°

subcyaneus, 170°.

ichneumonea, Sphex, 255°.

Icterus galbula, see Baltimore oriole.

Illinois, ravages of forest tent cater-
pillars in, 193°.

Illinois, insects of, see Insects of
Tilinois.

Illinois state laboratory of natural
history, Bulletin cited, 199°, 206°,
AMO

inaequalis, Silpha, 255°.

incisuralis, Phora, 171°.

inda, Euphoria, 245°, 256°.

indetermina, Euclea, 258°.

Indian cetonian, 256°.

Indiana state board of agriculture,
Report cited, 206°.

Ingram, H. B., on ravages of forest
tent caterpillar, 191-192".

Injurious insects, 158'-220°.

Injurious insects, new and little
known (Packard) cited, 160°.

Injurious insects, Report of observa-
tions of (Ormerod),
1507.

Injurious insects of the orchard, vine.
yard (Cooke) cited, 174°, 188", 199".

innumerabilis, Pulvinaria, 153°, 230°-

252", 260°.

reference,

278

inornata, var. Notolophus leuco-
stigma, 168’.
inquisitor, Pimpla, 168°, 169°, 170°,

T7O ES IPS

Insect life cited, 160°, 163°, 171°, 174°,
7s Ae ae. TO, 170, 1ol, 15,
187", 189", 189°, 189°, 190°, 193°, 200°,
200°, 200", 204°, 206°, 206’, 206°, 212”,
216°, 2277.

Insecticides, hints about; arsenate of
lead, 224",-225'; com-
pounds, 224°; bordeaux mixture,
224°; carbon bisulfid, 228°; contact

arsenical

insecticides,226’—operation of con-
tact insecticides, 222°-223°; experi-
ment, need of, 223°; fumigation,
228'-230°; how insects feed, 221°-
222°: hydrocyanic acid gas, 228'-
230°; internal and contact insecti-
cides, 2267; kerosene emulsion, 226'-
227*; lead arsenate, 224'-225’; lime,
bisulfia of, 2277; london purple,
224°; paris 224°; poisoned
baits, 225°- 226°;preventives, 223°;
pyrethrum, 227°; remedies, useless,

green,

223°; sulfur, 227‘; whale oil soap,

227°.
Insects, etc., received from New
York localities;

Albany, 255°, 256°, 257°, 257°, 257°,
258, 258°, 258°, 250°, 260°, 261°,
202), 202°. 202" B6e 202. 202"
263°

Alexandria Bay, 201°, 203°, 259°

Altamont, 257’

Amboy, 252°, 262°

Auburn, 255°, 261°

Babylon, 243°

Baldwin, 229°, 260°

Ballston Spa, 258”

Batavia, 240°, 260°

Binghamton, 255°

Boiceville, 260°

Brewster, 243°, 261°

Brighton, 261°, 261°

NEW YORK STATE

|

MUSEUM

Buffalo; 255°,.255, 250, 256°, 256°,

250°, 256’, 256°, 257°

Catskill, 260°

, 260°

Cedar Hill; 2557, 256°, 257-aen

259", 259°

Cheviot-on-Hudson, 255*
Coeymans, 255°, 255", 250, 257.

257°, 257»

260°, 262°, 262%
Corning, 256°
Cropseyville, 258°

East Greenbush, 261*

258", 258, 250°, 250,

Erie county, 240°, 260°

Exeter, 250°, 258°

Far Rockaway, 261°:

Farley’s, 261°

Fishkill-on-Hudson, 213°

Flushing, 240°, 256’,

261. 26T-
Fredonia, 261°

260". ». 20k

Geneva, 258°, 260°, 2617, 261*, 261°
Glens Falls, 256°, 258°, 258°

Gouverneur, 2627

Highland Falls, 213’, 261°

Lake George, 256*
Loudonville, 255°
Medina, 261°

Menands, 255°, 255,

259°, 260°, 261°
Montrose, 261°

Moreton Farm, 257’

New Dorp, 2457
New Rochelle, 258*

256°, 257°,

New Russia, 255°, 257°
New York, 258%, 258°, 260°, 260’,

260*
Newark, 261°

Northville, 256°, 250°, 260°

Oakes, 256°
Ogdensburg, 262"

Oswego, 256°, 257*, 257°, 262",

263°

Patchogue, 240°, 260°

Penfield, 261°, 261°

Plattsburg, 257°, 260°

Port Jervis, 258°
Rochester, 261°
-—_- Rockroyal, 2577
Sandy Hill, 239°, 260°
Schenectady, 259°
Sing Sing, 262", 262?
Troy, 261°
West Salamanca, 258"
_ Woodside, 258°.
Insects, etc., received from other
localities;
Arlington, N. J., 260°
Beaver Creek, Col., 244’, 250°
Berlin, Mass., 255°, 250°, 257°,
257°, 258", 258°, 258", 250°, 250°,
259°, 260°, 260°, 260*, 262°, 262*
Clinton, Mass., 258’, 260°
Columbia, .S: C.,.261°
Bikin, -N. C., 262°
Frederick county, Md., 255
Malden, Mass., 250%
Marietta, Ga., 253°, 262°
Mason county, W. V., 248°
Mesilla park, N. Mex., 261°
Portland, Me., 262°
San Diego, Cal., 255°, 256°
Woodstown, N. J., 261°
See ow yncote, Pa., 249".
Insects and insecticides (Weed) cited,
175, 189’, 206°. iS
Insects injurious to fruits (Saunders)

4

cited. 100, £02, 174°, 187°, 199°,
arr’.

Insects injurious to vegetation, 3d ed.
RElartis) ‘cited, 173°, 186°, “197°,
205".

Insects of Illinois, Report cited, 173°,
174°, 174°, 174°, 188°, 188°, 188*, 188°
199", 199°, 199’, 199°, 205°, 206°, 213°:
Appendix cited, 174°.

Insects of Missouri, Report (Riley)

i teterence, 193°, 193°.
Insects of New York. Report (Fitch)
pied, 173°, 173°, 186’, TOF, S507

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

iret, 173°, 187, 168, 204*,..2i1°: .

279

Insects of New York, Report (Lint-
Wet)n: Cited: - 160", E74, G74 sks,
174’, 187%, 1877, 187%, 198% 108°,
205, 205°, 216°, 218°; contents 12th
report, 245°; reference, 180°.

Insects of the year in the state of
New York, notes on, 231'-242",
Bag pane.

insidiosus, Triphleps, 253’, 2607.

Insidious flower bug, 253", 2607.

insolitus, Pezomachus, 171°.

integerrima, Datana, 245°.

io, Automeris, 258".

Io moth, 258’.

Iowa state agricultural society, Re-
port cited, 187°, 188°, 1909.

Iowa state horticultural society, Re-
port cited, 188°, 199°; Transactions

- cited, 2067.

Trish juniper, Diaspis
262".

Tsosoma grande, 254*, 255°.

carueli on,

Ithaca, N. Y., captures of Clisio-
CAnIpAL dik tor.

Jack, J. G., cited, 175”, 190°.

' Jackson, Barton, reference, 191°.

Jacksonville, Fla., Notolophus: leu-
costigma at, 167’.

jaculifera, Feltia, 258°.

Jasoniades glaucus, 252°, 257’.

Jayne, Hi, FP cited i607. i

Jessup, James B., insects from, 261°.

Johnson, W. G., reference, 229°, 220°,
220°, 330°. ;

Joint worms, 254°.

juglans-regiae, Aspidiotus, 2617.

juniper scale, 262°.

Kansas agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 190°. :
Kansas university quarterly cited,

163°.
Katydid, 2537, 262°.

Kellogg, V. L., cited, 175°, 189°.

280

Kent, G. H., cited, 175°.

Kentucky agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 190°; Report
cited, 190°, 207°.

Keokuk, Ia., Notolophus
stigma at, 167°.

King, G. B., cited, 190°.

Kingsley’s Standard natural history
cited, 188°, 206°.

Kirby, W. F., cited, 176°, 189°, 200°.

Kirkland; ‘A; “H.; cited? *176", 1090",
200°, 207*; insects from, 259°; refer-
ence, 183°, 184’, 196°, 196°, 204°.

Kridelbaugh, S. H., cited, 188’, 199°.

leuco-

Labels, Lepisma destroying, 217’.
Lake George, injuries by Elaphidion
at, 232°; forest tent caterpillar at,
192°.
Lamb’s quarters, Mamestra picta on,
204°. 5
lanigera, Schizoneura, 244*, 260°.
Lansing, Mich., work of Byturus in,
158". .
lapathi, Cryptorhynchus, 2577.
Larch, insects injurious to;
Chermes strobilobius, 238°
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°.
Large black horse fly, 257°.
lariceti, Chermes, see C. strobilobius.
laricis, Chermes, see C. strobilobius.
Lasiocampidae, species treated of,
E77 21.
laticinerea, Lithophane, see Xylina.
Xylina, 208°, 208°, 209", 209°, 209°,
200", 200, 210... 212-34 3 ser-
roneous reference of X. anten-
nata, 249", 24y".
laurifolium, Microcentrum, 253°, 262°.
Leaf hoppers, 222°.
Leaf miners, 221°.
Le Baron, William, cited, 173°, 187’.
Lebia grandis, 245’.
Lecanium armeniacum,
247*, 260°.
cerasifex, 240’, 2617

153, 2407,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

hemisphaericum, 261°
hesperidum, 260°
prunastri, 261°
tiliae, see L. tulipiferae
tulipiferae, bibliography, 216’;
description, 214‘; figure, 2147,
215°; injuries, earlier, 213°-214";
recent, 213°; life history, 214°-
215°; referencé, 261°; remedies,
215°. ;
Le Conte, J. L., cited, 1605 76494
reference, 159°.
Lepidoptera, species treated of, 163*-
20S Se
Lepisma domestica; bibliography,
218°; figure of injured bill, 217%;
of insect, 218’; habits, 217°: reme-
dies, 218'-218'; work in books,
etc., 216°-217*.
saccharina, 216°.
Lepismidae, species treated of, 216°-
218°.
Leptodesmus species, 245°.
Leucania unipuncta, 204°, 2117, 245°.
leucostigma, Notolophus, see Notol-
ophus.
leucostigma, Orgyia, see Notolophus.
Lewis county, ravages of forest tent
caterpillar in, 192°.
Library, necessity of to division, 156°.
Lilac, Mytilaspis pomorum on, 261°.
limacina, Eriocampoides, 231°.
Limneria annulipes, 204°, 206"
fugitiva, 196°
species, 169°
valida, 169°.
limneriae, Eupelmus, 171°.
Limosina species, I71°.
Lindens, insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa disstria, 195°
Notolophus leucostigma,
107 , 235%
lineata, Deilephila, 257°.

163°,

Linsley, J. G., insects from, 256°,

257°, 257°, 262°, 263°.

Lintner, J. A., bibliography of writ-

ings, 154°>.cited, 160°, 174, 187°,

wigs 205, 210, 218°; decease of,
156°; entomologic labors of, 154°;
general index to his publications,
154°; insect collection of, 156°;
library of, 156°; reference to, 156°,
fet. 1OA, 100’, 107, 168’, 170°,. 170,
moo. 183 191°, 202, 203°, 232°, 235°,
243°, 245°.

Liquidambar styraciflua, see Sweet
= .
Lithophane cinerea, see Xylina an-
tennata. |
Lithophane
grotei.

Lithophane grotei, see Xylina.
Lithophane laticinerea, see Xylina.
Livingston, R. R., insects from, 255%.
Locust, insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa disstria, 195°
Halisidota caryae, 258”.
Locust, honey, see Honey locust.
Lodeman, E. G., reference, 226°.
Loew, Hermann, cited, 162°.
longicornis, Diabrotica, 243°.

cinerosa, see Xylina

owe, V. H., cited, 176°; reference,
164°.

Lucilia caesar, 257%.

lucublandus, Pterostichus, 255”.

Lugger, Otto, cited, 207%, 213°.

Lumberton, N. C., abundance of
forest tent caterpillars near, 193°.

luna, Tropaea, 258”.

Luna moth, 258’.

_Lunate long-sting, 255°.

lunator, Thalessa, 255°.

luridus, Diplodus, 183°, 1907.

Iuteola, Galerucella, 231°, 232°-235°,
245°, 246°, 246°, 248*, 251°.
Galerucella luteola.

Lyman, H. H., cited, 1887, 199°.

Lymantriidae, treated — of,
Tos -176 .

Lygus pratensis, 204", 253’, 260’.

See also

species

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

281

McDougall, Mrs C., insects from,
Zee 200,
McMillan, Conway, cited, 175%, 189},
200'; reference, 167°.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 2409‘,
Zoe
maculata, Megilla, 204”.
maculosa, Panorpa, 259%.
Magnolia soulangeana,
tulipiferae injuring, 213°.
Maine, abundance of forest tent
caterpillars in, 193°; Trypeta cana-
densis from, 161°.

Lecanium

Maine agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Report cited, 163°, 163°, 190°,
2OX 207. 2 i.

Malacosoma disstria, see
campa.

mali, Aphis, 248’, 260°.

Mamestra picta, bibliography, 205’-

Clisio-

207°; description, 2027-203"; distri-
bution, 204°: figure of moth and
larva, 202°, plate 5; food plants,
203°-204°; life history, 203°; natural
enemies, 204°; on timothy hay, 153°;

remarkable demonstration, 201*-
2024, 236 3. reterénce, 251, | 250°;
remedies, 204°; timothy hay,
abundant on, 201*-202’.

mamestrae, Microplitis, 204°, 206°,

206".

Manual for the study of insects (Com-
stock) cited, 160°, 176%, 190°-200°,
207

Maple, insects injurious to;

Aspidiotus ancylus, 261°

Lecanium cerasifex, 261°

Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 239°,
260", 260°.

Maple, hard, see Sugar maple.

Maple, Norway, Notolophus leuco-
stigma on, 167°.

Maple, silver, or soft, insects in-
jurious to;

Lecanium cerasifex, 240°

282

Notolophus leucostigma, 167°
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 153°,
260°
Xylina antennata, 153’, 210%,
236°-237", 247°, 248°, 249, 240°,
259.
Maple, sugar, borer, 245°
insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa americana, 182°
Clisiocampa disstria, I91°, 195°
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 260‘.
Maple borer, 256°; caterpillar, 247°.
Maple-tree scale 153°, 252".
Maple-tree insect, 245°.
Maple-tree pruner, 232°.
Maples, insects injurious to;

iol; :

Clisiocampa disstria, 192°,
192", 195°, 230°
Notolophus leucostigma, 235°
Xylina antennata, 259°.

Marlatt, C. L., cited, 218°; reference,
MS, 227, 227. :

Marten, John, cited, 174°, 188°, 199°.

Martin, D. S., insects from, 261°.

Maryland agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 205°.

Masked bed bug hunter, 260°.

Massachusetts, maples defoliated in,
208°; tent caterpillar ravages’ in,
178°; work of Byturus in, 158°.

Massachusetts agricultural college,
Report cited, 206°.

Massachusetts (Hatch) agricultural
experiment station, Bulletin cited,
176", 188’, 188°, 189°, 190, 200°, 200°,
207%.

Massachusetts board of agriculture,
Report on gypsy moth cited, 176’,
176°, 226°; Appendix cited, 190°,
190°, 200’, 200°; Workagainst gypsy
moth, 253°.

Massachusetts horticultural society,
Transactions cited, 175", 190°.

Maynard, S. T., cited, 189°.

Meal worm, 257’.

f
|
|
{

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Megilla maculata, 204".

Meinikheim, T. L., insects from, 258.

melanocephala, Theronia, 1837.

Melanoplus femur-rubrum, 262°.

mella, Tachina, 169°, 170*,-196°.

mellifica, Apis, 255°.

Memphis, abundance of forest tent
caterpillars near, 193°.

Merrill, F: J. H., insects from, 259°.

Merula migratoria, see Robin.

Mesochorus agilis, 210°.

meteori, Bathythrix, 170°.

Meteorus communis, 169”.
- hyphantriae, 169°, 210°.

Michigan, work of Byturus in, 158";
of Lecanium tulipiferae in, 213°-
214°.

Michigan
station, Bulletin cited,
206°, 2077, 207°.

Michigan state board of agriculture,
Report cited, 187°.

Michigan state horticultural society,
Report cited, 175°.

Mickleborough, John,

6

IQI°.
Microcentrum laurifolium, 253°, 262°.
204°, 206°,

experiment
+= fo 4
190,

1/V;

agricultural

reference,

Microplitis
206". 3

Mignonette, Mamestra picta on, 203°.

migratoria, Merula, see Robin.

Millington, Mrs. L. A., insects from,
255, 257 -

Minnesota agricultural experiment
station, Report cited, 207°; Ist Re-
port of entomologist cited, 207%,

233°.

mamestrae,

Mississippi agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 206°.

Missouri, insectS of, see Insects of
Missouri.

mistletoe, Lecanium hemisphaericum
on, 261°.

Mite, Rhyncholophus species, 171’.

Mites, 227", 227°,

-modestus, Podisus, 183°, 190%.

Molting of tarantula, 219*-220’.

a

Mohawk river, maples along defoli-
ated, 208’, 236°.

molitor, Tenebrio, 257’.

See
also Eurypelma.

Monograph of North American proc-
totrypidae (Ashmead) cited, 189”.
Monograph of the diptera of North

America (Loew) cited, 162°.
Moody, H. L., cited, 198°.
Morning glory, Coptocycla bicolor
on, 256°.
aortic: J..G., cited; 173°, 186°, 197°,

205°.

“Mosquito, 245°, 254°.

Mound-building ant, 245%.

Mountain ash, Clisiocampa ameri-
cana on, 182".

Mulberry trees for native birds, 1857.

-Murgantia histrionica, 248’.

murgantiae, Trissolcus, 248°.

Muscardine disease, 190°.

muscarum, Trombidium, 257*, 262”.

Murtfeldt, M. E., cited, 175°.

? Myrmeleon species, 259°.

Mythimna contraria, see Mamestra
picta.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 243°, 246°, 246°,
261°.

Nadata gibbosa, erroneous reference
of Xylina antennata. .

Natural history of New York, Agri-
culture (Emmons) cited, 1737, 180°,
197".

Natural history of the rarer lepidopter-
ous wmsects of Georgia (Smith-
Abbot) cited, 173.

Nebraska, Notolophus leucostigma
in, 167°.

Nebraska agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 175°, 180°,
189°, 200°, ‘200’.

Nebraska state horticultural society,
Report cited, 189°, 200°.

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 283

Nemobius fasciatus, 262%.

Neoglaphyroptera bivittata, 171°

Neumoegen, Berthold, cited, 176°,
190°, 200°.

Neuronia pardalis, 245°.

neustria, Clisiocampa, erroneous ref-
erence of C. disstria.

Nevada agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 212".

New check list of North American
moths (Grote) cited, 212°, 212°.

New England, ravages of tent cater-
pillar in, 177°.

New Hampshire agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 175°,
189".

New Jersey, Lecanium tulipiferae in,
214°, 214°.

New Jersey agricultural experiment
station,. Bulletin cited, 175°, 175°;
Report cited, 175°, 175°, 200°, 216°.

New Jersey state board of agricul-
ture, Report cited, 198”.

New Jersey tea, Clisiocampa ameri-
cana on, 182%.

New Mexico agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 189’.

New York, Byturus unicolor in, 158°.

New York, insects of, see Insects of
New York. |

New York agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 206°; Report
cited, 176°.

New York county, San José scale in,
242°.

New York entomological society,
Journal cited, 176°, 176°, 180%, 190°,
200°, 200°. :

New York plum scale, 240’, 261’.

New York state, forest tent caterpil-
lar ravages IQI*-193°; Opera-
tions of Trypeta canadensis in,
1617, tor".

New York state agricultural society,
Report cited, 205°: Trasactions

in,

284

cited, 1607, 173”, 173°, 186", 186°, 107’,
197,205".

New York state
agriculture, insects from, 258°, 259’,
260°517 20t 7, 202°. sa bstract
formulas, 252°.

New York state museum, Bulletin
cited, 216°, 232°; contents, . 250°;
Report cited, 205°; soth Report
cited, 245°.

New York scate museum of natural
history, Bulletin cited, 205’; Report
cited, 174%, 187°, 198", 205".

Nezara hilaris, 250°.

nigriceps, Phora; 171°.

nitida, Allorhina, 2567.

niveus, Oecanthus, 262°.

department of

from

Noctuidae, species treated of, 2047-
Zi
Norway maple, see Maple, Norway.
Notes on some insects of the year in the
state of New York, 231-242", 245°,
252°.
Notolophus antiqua, 168‘; var. badia,
168”.
definita, 167°, 168”.
leucostigma; bibliography, 173°-
176°; birds preying on, 168’-
169°; city pest, 164*; descrip-
tion of the stages, 164°; dis-
tribution, 167’; figure, 164’-
166°; food plants, 167°; habits,
166°-167*; hyperparasites of,
170-171"; injuries by, 153°,
164°; insect parasites, 1697-170°;
larvae of other species, 167°-
168°; life history, 166°; natural
enemies, 168°-1717, 171"; pre-
daceous insects, 171’; ravages,
153°, 235°-—in 1898, 163°-164';
Telercnce, "2317, 251 25e.:
remedies, 172’; scavengers liv-
ing on, 171?
leucostigma, var. inornata, 168°
vetusta, 168°; var. cana, 168*.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Nova Scotia, Notolophus leuco-
stigma in, 167°.

Nursery inspection, suggestions in
regard to, 251°.

Nursery stock, fumigation of, 228°-
230", 252°; pear-tree slug on, 231".

Nyssa sylvatica, see Sour gum.

Oak, insects injurious to;

americana,

Clisiocampa 182°,

182°
Clisiocampa disstria, 196°
Elaphidion villosum, 250" «+
Lecanium cerasifex, 2617
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°.
Oak, black, Clisiocampa disstria on,
TO5 5) :100
Oak, post, Clisiocampa disstria on,
190°.
Oak, white, Andricus seminator on,
248°, 255°.
Oak galls, Xylina antennata feeding
on, 210’.
Oak Kermes, 245".
Oak-tree pruner, 232*, 250’, 256°.
Oaks stripped by forest tent caterpil-
lar, 193°.
Oats, Mamestra picta on, 201°, 207°,
236", 251°.
oblongifolia, Amblycorypha, 262°.
obsoletum, Dendroleon, 259°.
obtectus, Bruchus, 256°.
octomaculata, Alypia, 257°.
ocularia, Ecpantheria, 245°.
Odontota dorsalis, 245°.
Oedemasia concinna, 258°.
Oecanthus niveus, 262°.
Office publications, 154’; work, 1557.
Ohio agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 160°, 206°,
206°, 216°; Report cited, 175°.
Oklahoma agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 190°.
olivaceous, Vireo, see Vireo, red-
eyed.

'
,
3
ie
x
|

Tae te ee |

a
one

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 285

Olmstead, J. W., insects from, 256,
259°, 260°.

Oneida county, work of forest tent
caterpillar in, 192”.

Ontario, abundance of forest tent
caterpillar in, 193’; ravages of
Notolophus in, 164’.

Ontario agricultural college and ex-
perimental farm, Report cited, 190”,
201’.

Ontario county, N. Y., ravages of
Notolophus in, 164°.

Ophion purgatum, 204", 206°.

Opsicoetus personatus, 260°.

Orange, insects injurious to;

Mamestra picta, 203°
Parlatoria pergandii, 262”.

Orange county, N. Y., San José
scale in, 242°.

Orchid, Aulacaspis boisduvalii on,
262",

Oreutt, . H., cited, 206°.

Oregon, Notolophus leucostigma in,
167°.

Oregon agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 175°.

Orgyia leucostigma, see Notolophus.

orgyiae, Amorphota, 169°

orgyiae, Cratotechus, 170°
orgyiae, Telenomus, 170’.

orientalis, Periplaneta, 262".

Oriole, Baltimore, feeding on Notol-
ophus larvae, 168’.

Oriole feeding on tent caterpillar,
184’. ‘

Orleans county, Xylina larvae injur-
ing apples in, 208°.

Ormerod, E. A., reference; 158°, 150°,
£50'.

Osborn, Herbert, cited, 206”.

Osmoderma scabra, 256°.

Osten-Sacken, C. R., cited, 162°.

Otacustes periliti, 171°.

Otsego county, ravages of forest tent
caterpillar in, 192°.

- Ottawa, Can., work of Byturus in,

158".

Ottawa naturalist cited, 193°, 200°.

Ottawa river, ravages of forest tent
caterpillar along, 193”.

Otterson, J: A., insects from, 255’,
250°, 257°, 257°, 258, 258°, 258", 250°,
259", 259°, 200°, 260°, 260°, 262°, 262%.

ovata, Chalcis, 169°.

Oxyptilus periscelidactylus, 245°.

Packard, A. S., cited, 160’, 173°, 186”,
187", 198, 205*, 213”, 218°; reference,
158, 159°, 202°.

Pale brown Byturus, 158’-160', 255°.
See also Byturus.

Paleacrita vernata, 185°.

palliatus, Desmocerus, 256°.

Panorpa maculosa, 250°.

Panton, -W....21., -¢ited, 190’,..201

Paper, Lepisma feeding on, 216”.

Papilio cited, 174*, 188°, 109°, 205°,
20 Oni, Ant. abe 208, noe.

Parasites, studies of at Washington,
Das 169"

pardalis, Neuronia, 245°.

Parlatoria pérgandii, 262.

parorgyiae, Apanteles, 170°.

Parrott, -. Jo cited, 190°,

parta: Catocala, 250.

parthenice, Eyprepia, 210”.

Parus atricapillus, see Chickadee.

Paste, Lepisma feeding on, 216°.

PC. Lewis ‘nif co.) insects trom,
260°.

Pea, Mamestra picta on, 203°.

Pea, sweet, Mamestra picta on, 203”.

Peabody academy of science, Report
cited, 211°, 218°.

Peach-tree, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 2417
Clisiocampa

258°
Clisiocampa disstria, 195°.
Peaches, Xylina larvae feeding on,

208", 210".

americana, 182%,

286

-

Pear buds, Xylina larvae feeding on,
210°.
Pear-leaf blister mite, 248’, 262°.
Pear psylla, 222°, 228°, 251%.
Pear-tree, insects, etc., injurious to;
Aspidiotus ancylus, 261°
Aspidiotus perniciosus,
261*, 261°
Clisiocampa americana, 182’
Clisiocampa disstria, 192’
Eriocampoides limacina, 231%
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°
Phytoptus pyri, 248°, 262°.
Pear-tree slug, 231°

2

241°,

Pears, Xylina antennata. injuring,
O27,
Peas, Xylina larvae feeding on,
210°. .
Peck, C: H., insects from, 158°, 232”,
ZEG A OSce Ao. 257°, 250, 200 :
pedalis, Pimpla, 182", 196°.
Pelargonium, Notolophus
stigma on, 167’.
Pelidnota punctata, 256°.
Pell, Alfred, insects from, 213", 261’.
Pemphigus rhois, 245°.
tessellatus, 238°.

leuco-

Pennsylvania state agricultural so-
ciety, Report cited, 173°.

pennsylvanicus, Camponotus (prob-

ably Formica subsericea), 245°.

pennsylvanicus, Harpalus, 255".

Pepsis formosa, 255°.

Pergande, Theodore, reference, 240°.

pergandii, Parlatoria, 262”.

periliti, Otacustes, 171°.

Perillus claudus, 184°.

Perimegatoma variegatus, I71

8 4

ore
Periodical cicada, 245°, 250.
Periplaneta orientalis, 262".
periscelidactylus, Oxyptilus, 245°.

Perkins, G. Hi eited; 175 7188 100".

perniciosus, Aspidiotus, 154°, 240°,
243°, 244°, 246°, 251°, 261°.

personatus, Opsicoetus, 260°.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Pettit, R. H., cited, 207°.
Pezomachus insolitus, 171°.
Philadelphia, Notolophus and En-
nomos in, 164°.
Phobetron pithecium, 253°, 258°.
Phora wearich -57n.
fasciata, 17a"
incisuralis, 171°
nigriceps, 171°.
Phymata wolffii, 260°.
Phytonomus punctatus, 246*, 257°.
Phytoptus pruni, 245°
pyri, 248°, 262°.
picta, Ceramica, see Mamestra picta.
picta, Mamestra, 2047-207°, 236°, 251°.
259°. See also Mamestra picta.
Pieris rapae, 249°, 257’.
Pigeon tremex, 255°.
Pimpla, parasite of, 170°.
Pimpla annulipes, 170°, 183
conquisitor, 169°, 170°, 1757, 182°,
196°
hirticauda, 170°
inquisitor, 168°, 169°, 170°, 170°,
175) 175°
pedalis, 182", 196°.
pimplae, Bathythrix, 171°.
Piophila casei, 245°. -
Piper, C. V., cited, 207’,
pithecium, Phobetron, 253°, 258".
placidus, Podisus, 176°, 183°,
196’, 200°.
Plagionotus speciosus, 245’, 256°.
Planck, M. G., insects from, 259”.
Plant lice, 222°, 222°, 222°, 226.2265
228°, 231", 247°.
Plea for entomological study, 245°.
Plugging tree with sulfur, 223°.

1

7

190,

Plum, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 244°
Clisiocampa americana, 182°
Clisiocampa disstria, 192", 195°
Oedemasia concinna, 258".

Plum, Notolophus leuco-

stigma injuring, 167°.

garden,

Plum, wild, Notolophus leucostigma
4 injuring, 167°. |
Plum curculio, 248’.
Plums, Xylina larvae feeding on,
210°.
pluvialis, Clisiocampa, 182°, 195’.
=. podisi, Trissolcus, 248°.
-_- Podisus modestus, 183°, 190
placidus, 176°, 183°, 190’,

a 200°

7

196’,

ie -— serieventris, 183°, 190’, 196", 200°

spinosus, 184", 250°.

polyphemus, Telea, 258".

__ Polyphylla décemlineata, 256".

.. pomifoliella, Bucculatrix, 251%.

‘pomonella, Carpocapsa, 2447, 246°,

250°.

-pomonella, Trypeta, 161%.

_ pomorum, Mytilaspis, 243°, 246°, 246°,

Be. 261°. :

a Poplar, insects injurious to;

-. Clisiocampa americana, 182°
Clisiocampa disstria, 192*, 106’
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°.

Popular science monthly cited, 174".

Porthetria dispar, 185°, 195°, 253°, 250°.

oa Post oak, see Oak, post.

=) ~—- Potato, Mamestra picta on, 204°.

= Poughkeepsie, collections at, 167%,

. pee 1Q5 A%.".

Practical entomologist cited, 173°, 186°,

Be 186°, 1877, 198', 198’, 205°.

pratensis, Lygus, 204", 253’, 260°.

Press notices, demands for, 155°.

Preventives, see Remedies and pre-

a ventives.

. ' Prionodus cristatus, 171°.

_ Privet, Mytilaspis pomorum on, 261°.

__ proboscideus, Balaninus, 245°.

Proctotrypid, 204".

Promachus Pfitchii, 257°.

prunastri, Lecanium, 261’.

7 pruni, Phytoptus, 245”.

ae prunicola, Aphis, 251°.

= INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

racemosus,

287

Prunus, Aspidiotus ancylus on, 261°.

Prunus chicasa, see Plum, wild

serotina, see Cherry, wild. —

Psilopus sipho, 257°.

Psyche cited, 168", 175, 1757; 4175,
188*, 188°, 180°, 199°, 200°, 200°,
21, Ai.

Psylla, see Pear psylla.

Pteromalus cuproideus, 170°, 170°.

Pterostichus lucublandus, 255’.

Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 153°, 230°,
252°, 200°.

punctata, Pelidnota, 256”.

punctatus, Phytonomus, 246°, 257°.

Punctured clover-leaf weevil, 246°.

purgatum, Ophion, 204%, 206°.

Putnam county, N. Y., San José
scale in, 242°.

pyri, Phytoptus, 248°, 262°.

quadripustulata, Winthemia, 170’,
17 fe 2AeY

Quaintance, A. L., cited, 207°.

Quince, Notolophus leucostigma on,
nove

Quinces, Xylina larvae feeding on,

210°.

Symphoricarpus, see
Snowberry.
rapae, Pieris, 249°, 257".
rapidus, Calocoris, 259°.
Raspberries, insects injurious to;
Byturus tomentosus, 158°
Byturus unicolor, 232°.
Raspberry, insects injurious to;
Aulacaspis rosae, 2627
Byturus unicolor, 158°, 1 ge 255°.
Rathvon, S. S., cited; 173°.
Raymond, H. C., reference, 1817.
Red milkweed beetle, 256°.
Red spider, 227°.
Red-eyed vireo, see Vireo.
Red-humped apple-tree caterpillar,
258°.

288 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Red-legged grasshopper, 262°. |
Red-tailed tachina fly, 211°.
Regents, acknowledgments to, 157’.
Remedies and preventives for;
-ants, 228°, 246°, 247°
apple-leaf Bucculatrix, 228°
apple-tree bark louse, 243°
aphids or green fly, 244°
army worm, 225°
asparagus beetle, 251°
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 243°, 244°
bag worm, 245°
bristle-tail, 218°
brown apricot scale, 247°
Byturus unicolor, 159°
cabbage worm, 249°
Cecidomyia destructor, 249°
Chionaspis furfurus, 243°
Clisiocampa americana, 184’,
185°-180°
Clisiocampa disstria, 1977, 197%,
250"
clover-leaf weevil, 246’
cucumber beetle, striped, 249°
cut worms, 225°, 226°, 247°
Diabrotica vittata, 249°
Elaphidion villosum, 250’
elm-leaf beetle, 244", 246°
fish-moth, 218°
flea beetles, 226°
fleas, 248°
flies, 253*
forest tent caterpillar, 197°, 250°
grain insects, 228°
grasshoppers, 225°, 226°
harlequin cabbage bug, 248°
hessian fly, 249°
Lecanium armeniacum, 247°
Lecanium tulipiferae, 215°
Lepisma domestica, 218"
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 249°
Mamestra picta, 204°
maple-tree scale, 252°
mosquitoes, 254?
Murgantia histrionica, 248°

Mytilaspis pomorum, 243°

Notolophus leucostigma, 172

oak pruner, 250’

pale brown Byturus, 159°

pear-leaf blister mite, 248°

pear psylla, 228°

Phytonomus punctatus, 246°

Phytoptus pyri, 248°

Pieris rapae, 249°

plant lice, 226°, 228°

Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 2527

root lice, 226°

rose bug, 240°

San José scale, 243°, 244°

scurfy bark louse, 243°

tent caterpillar, 184'-186°

Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis,
245°

Trypeta canadensis, 162°

tulip-tree scale, 215°

Vespa species, 244°

white grubs, 227°

white-marked tussock moth,
1725 251-

Xylina antennata, 247°, 2497

Xylina larvae, 211”

yellow jackets, 244°

zebra caterpillar, 204°.

a

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations;

agitation of water, 2547

arsenate of lead, 224"-225"

arsenites, 159’, 172°, 185°, 197°,
204°, 211*, 244", 246°

ashes on plants, 240°

attracting to mustard or radishes
and destroying, 248°; attracting
winter birds, 184°

axle grease for flies, 253°

baits, poisoned, 225°, 247”

bands of cotton, 172°, 246°

beans between cucumbers, 240°

beating from bushes, 159°

benzine, 248° ;

bisulfid of carbon, see carbon
bisulfid

-INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE

burning infested trees, twigs,
stubble, etc., 150°, 186°, 197°,
243°, 244°, 249°, 250°, 250’, 254°

carbon bisulfid, 228", 246°, 247°,
249°

chickens among currants, 162°

chlorid of lime, 253°

clean culture, 223", 249°, 240°

cleanliness, 248°

collecting and destroying eggs
or larvae, 172", 172°, 185°, 185°-
£OO., 107°, 201", 240°

creosote oil, 172°

cultivation of soil, 162°, 204”, 215°

darkening stables, 253°

destroying; eggs,’ larvae, in-
fested fruit, etc., 162°, 172", 185°,
185°-186°, 244", 246°, 248°, 251°;
wild cherry trees, 185°

digging out, 247”

early sowing of strips of wheat,

249°

fish in water,
254°

fish oil and tar for flies, 253°

flesh for winter birds, 184°

fumigation, 252°

introduction of,

growing resistant varieties, 240°

hand picking, 159", 204°, 245°

hellebore, 204°, 226’, 244°

high culture, 223°

honey and sugar or glucose, 244°

hot water, 211°, 247°

jarring and using sticky bands,
211°

keeping flies from manure, 253°

kerosene, 243°, on water, 254°

kerosene emulsion, 162’, 224’,
226-227", 243°, 243°, 244°, 247°,
247°, 248°, 249°, 252°

land plaster, 249°, 251°

late planting, 240°

lime, sulfur and salt wash, 244°

london purple, 224", 224", 225°

mulberry trees for birds, 185"

ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 289
netting over plants, 240°, 240°
parasites, protection of, 197*
paris green, 221°, 223°, 224°, 225°,
245°, 240°, 249°, 251°, 251°

plowing infested fields, 246°

plugging tree with sulfur, 223°

poisoning wild cherry trees left
as lures, 185*

protecting birds, 184°, 184", 197%,
254°

pyrethrum, 204°, 218, 226", 244°,
248° |

road dust, 249°

rotation of crops, 223’, 249°

scraping from trees, 215°

shaking from trees and banding,
EP Ori

sticky fly paper, 248°

sulfur, plugging tree with, 223°

tobacco, 226°, smoke of, 244°

useless, 223”

whale oil soap, 215°, 2247, 226",
243°, 244°, 247°, 252", 252".

Rensselaer county, San José scale in,

242".

thois, Pemphigus, 245°.

Rhyncholophus species, 171°.

ribearia, Diastictis, 245°.

ribearia, Eufitchia, see Diastictis.

Riley, Gy Wa eited? 163) azar ara

75 IO ,? 1Ols LOLs, Log Foz. kon,

198", 198", 200°, 205%, 206", 211°, 212"
213°, 216°, 216°; quoted, 194", 2037;
reference, 166°, 191°, 193°, 194°, 194°,
196°, 196°, 202°, 202", 203’, 208%, 208°,
26G 255 2Ee*,

rileyi, Schizoneura, 260°.

Riverside natural history, 188°, 206°.

Roberts, C. H., insects from, 256°,

Robin

larvae, 168°.

Robinson, C. T., cited, 205°.

Rocky mountain locust and other

insects, Report cited, 186°, 198

205°.

feeding on Notolophus

290

Root lice, 226°.
Roots, killing insects through, 2537.
rosae, Aulacaspis, 262”.
rosaceana, Cacoecia, 245°, 259°.
Rose, insects injurious to;
Clisiocampa americana, 182*
Clisiocampa disstria, 195°
Notolophus leucostigma, 167
Oedemasia concinna, 258”.
Rose beetle, 255°.
Rose buds, Xylina larvae feeding on,
208", 210’, 212°.
Rose bug, 240°.
Rose scale, 262°. .
Round-headed apple-tree borer, 256°.
rufa, Formica (probably F. exsec-
toides), 245°.
rufocoxalis, var. of Apanteles con-
gregatus, 1837.
rufopectus, Tenthredo, 245°.
Rumsey, W. C., cited, 207.
Rural New Yorker cited, 160%, 214’,
216°.

Rutabagas, Mamestra picta on, 203’.

saccharina, Lepisma, 216”.
St Lawrence county, maples defoli-
ated in, 208’; ravages of forest tent

caterpillar in, 192*, 236°; work of

Xylina larvae in, 236°.

Samia cecropia, 258°.

San José scale, contributions of, 261°;
distribution state; 242° ere6r :
fumigation for, 228°, 230°; in Hud-
son river valley, 240°-242'; refer-
ence, 220°, 243°, 244*, 244°, 244°, 245°,
246°, 251°; work against, 154%.

Psanborni, Chernes, 263°.

Saperda candida, 256°.

tridentata, 245’ 256°.

Saratoga county, San José scale in,
242°, :

Sarcophaga species, 171°.

Saunders, William, cited, 160°, 162°,
173°-174,, 187°, 198°, 211°; quoted,

in

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

193; reference, 158’, 196’, 196°, 196’,
190°.

Saw fly larvae, 226°.

Say, Thomas, cited, 160°.

scabra, Osmoderma, 256°.

scalaris, Homalomyia, 171°.

Scale insects, certain’ destructive,
246°; labor of determining, 154°;
reference, 221*, 222*, 222°,.228', 228°,
251°.

Schenectady, ravages by Xylina
larvae at, 153’, 207°-208', 236°.

Schenectady daily wnion, abstract
from, 247°, 240°; cited, 212°, 212%.

Sckizoneura lanigera, 244*, 260°.

rileyi, 260°.

Schoharie county, maples defoliated
in, 208.

Schoonmaker, E. T., insects from,
255, 256°, 257°, 250°, 250", 250°.

Sciara, additional notes on, 245°.

Scorpion fly, 259%.

scribonia, | Ecpantheria,
ocularia.

scrophulariae, Anthrenus, 243’.

scrutator, Calosoma, 183°, 190°, 196°,
199*, 199°, 200°.

Scudder, S. H., cited, 188%.

Scurfy bark louse, 243°, 246°.

Scutigera forceps, 263”.

seminator, Andricus, 248", 255%.

Seneca county, San Jost scale in,
242".

septendecim, Cicada, 245°. _

sericeus, Dolerus, 246°, 255°.

serieventris, Podisus, 183°, 190°, 196’,
200°. ,

serotina, Prunus, see Cherry, wild.

serraticeps, Ceratopsyllus, 248”.

sexguttata, Cicindela, 255°.

Shad-bush, Clisiocampa americana
on, 182".

Shade trees, see Trees, shade.

Silk worm, American, 258".

Silpha americana, 255°.

inaequalis, 255°. ad

see E.

Silvanus surinamensis, 231°-232”. .

a Silver-fish, see Lepisma domestica.

4 2 Simpson, G: B., insects from, 263°.

; Simonds, A. C., reference, 181’.

sipho, Psilopus, 257°.

‘Sirrine, F. A., cited, 206°; reference,

226°.

Ss Six-spotted tiger beetle, 255°.

m Slingerland, M. V., cited, 176°, 190°,

| meus 212, 213; relerence, 681’,
200, 208, 209’, 210°, 210, 2I1’.

Slosson, A. T., cited, 176°.

Small striped ground cricket, 262°.

ts Smartweed, Mamestra picta on, 204".

‘Smith, E. A., cited, 188".

a Smith, Mrs E. B., insects from, 255°,

>. 255", 256°, 257°, 257", 257°, 258°, 258",
4 250°, 250°, 260°, 262°, 262*, 262°, 262°,

. 262".

meee Smith, F. J., cited, 226°. *

Mie smiin, J. B., cited; 160°, 175°, 180°,
“200%, 206", 212”, 212", 213°, 216°; ref-
eaemice, 207, 200, 214°, 226°: 227°,

a?

yor Sag

a 230”.
- Smith, J. E., cited, 1737.
. Smith, R. G., reference, 192%.

- Snow, W. A., cited, 163”.
Snow-baill, Macrodactylus subspino-
4 sus on, 255°.
Snowberry, Mamestra picta on, 203°.
spcialis, Spizella, see Chipping spar-
row.
Soft maple, see Maple, soft.
: soulangeana, Lecanium
a -tulipiferae on, 213°.
; Sour gum, Clisiocampa disstria on,
190".
Southern corn-root worm, see Corn-
root worm, southern.
Southwick, E. B., cited, 175°, 180°.
Southwick, F. B., insects from, 2577.
Species général des Lepidoptéres. Noc-
tuelites (Guenée) cited, 205”.
-- speciosus, Plagionotus, 245°, 256°.
sphaerosperma, Empusa, a fungus,

246",

Magnolia,

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

291

Sphex ichneumonea, 255°.
Spider, molting of, 250°; reference,
219°, 220".

Spilochalcis debilis, 1717.

Spinach, Mamestra picta on, 204".

Spined soldier bug, 259°.

spinosus, Podisus, 184°, 259°.

Spizella.socialis, see Chipping spar-

TOW.

Spotted grapevine beetle, 256”.

Spring canker worm, 185°.

Spruce, insects injurious to;
Mamestra picta, 204’
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°.

Spruce, black, Chermes abietis on,

260°.

Squash bug, 222°, 222°, 259°.

Standard natural listory (Kingsley) —

cited, 188°, 206°.
Starch, Lepisma feeding on, 216°.
State collection of insects, condition
On digs tekSOe

State department of agriculture, see
New York state department of
agriculture.

State entomologist, see Entomolo-

gist.

State museum, New York, see New

York state museum.
Steganoptycha claypoliana, 245°.
Stratton, A. H., insects from, 260°.

-Strawberry, Clisiocampa disstria
feeding on, 195°.

Stretch, R. H., cited, 188°, 190°.

strobilobius, Chermes, 238°.

Strong, Mrs E. L., insects from, 262".

Stuart, C. H., insects from, 261°.

Sturgis, W. C., cited, 216°; reference,

arg’,

styraciflua, Liquidambar, see Sweet

gum.

‘subcyaneus, Ichneumon, 1707.

subgothica, Feltia, 210”.

subsignarius, Ennomos,
9

174,

164°, 1747,

292 NEW
subspinosus, Macrodactylus, 249°,
255°.

Sugar beet, larva, Deilephila lineata
on, 257°; Mamestra picta on, 250".

Sugar maple, see Maple, sugar.

Sugar of lead, see Acetate.

Sulfur, plugging tree with, 223°, 251°.

Sumac gall aphis, 245°.

Supplement to 14th report, 154’.

surinamensis, Silvanus, 231°-232”.

Swallow-tail butterfly, 257’.

Sweet gum, Clisiocampa disstria on,
195°.

Sweet pea, see Pea, sweet.

Sycamore, see Buttonwood.

sylvatica, Clisiocampa, see C. disstria.

sylvatica, Nyssa, see Sour gum.

Symphoricarpus racemosus, see
Snowberry.
Synonymic catalogue of Ilepidopiera

heterocera (Kirby) cited, 176°, 189°,
200°.

Synopsis of the described lepidoptera
of North America (Morris) cited,
173°, 186°, 197°.

Syntomosphyrum esurus, 171’.

Tabanus atratus, 257°.
Tachina mella, 169°, 170*, 196°.
Tachinids, 169°.
Watt; 1. R.,.-cited,. 170 ,) 190, 207,
Tarantula, molting of, 21g'-220°, 250°.
See also Eurypelma.
Tarantula, female, 262°.
Tarantula killer, 255°.
Tarnished plant bug, 204", 253’, 260°.
tarquinius, Feniseca, 239°.
Telenomus clisiocampae, 183’, 1890
heliothidis, 204°
orgyiae, 170°.
Telea polyphemus, 258".
Tenebrio molitor, 257°.
Tennessee agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 176°, 189°.
Tent caterpillars, 153°, 231°, 235°, 247°.
Tenthredo rufopectus, 245°.

)

YORK STATE MUSEUM

tesselaris, Halisidota, 258"
tessellatus, Pemphigus, 238°-230'.
Tetraopes tetraophthalmus, 256°.
tetraophthalmus, Tetraopes, 256°.
Thalessa lunator, 255°.
Thaxter, Roland, cited, 211", 127
Thecla calanus, 257°
species, 257°.
Theraphosidae,
219'-220".
Thermobia domestica, see Lepisma.
Theronia fulvescens, 169°.
melanocephala, 183”.
Thomas, A. D., insects from, 255%.
Thomas, Cyrus, cited, 188°, 199*, 205°. -
Thompson, R., insects from, 258".

species treated of,

Thorn, Clisiocampa americana on,
12°

Thyreus abbotii, 257°.

thyridopterigis, Allocota, 1707.

thyridopterigis, Habrocytus, 171°.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis,2457,
258°.

Thysanura, species treated of, 216°-
218°,

tibicen, Cicada, 260°.

Tiger, M. F., insects from, 260°.

tiliae, Lecanium, see L. tulipiferae.

Timothy, Mamestra picta on, 153,
2Ol. 207°, 23602502

tityrus, Epargyreus, 257°.

Toad feeding on forest tent cater-
pillars, 196°, 200°; on Mamestra
picta, 204°, 207*; on tent caterpil-
lars, 184”.

tomentosus, Byturus, 158°, 1597.

Tompkins county, San José
242°,

Torrey, E. S., insects from, 255°.

Torrey, Margaret, insects from, 256’.

Townsend, C. H. T., cited, 189", 200°.

townsendi, Hemiteles, 170°.

Trains stopped. by caterpillars, 193°.

Trees, fumigation of, 230”.

Trees, forest, forest. tent caterpillar
injuring, 191°.

scale in,

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

Trees, fruit, injured by -forest tent
caterpillar, 192°; by Notolophus
larvae, 164. | ;

Trees, shade, insects injurious to;

elm-leaf beetle, 246°
forest tent caterpillar, 192°
Notolophus leucostigma, 153°.

Tremex columba, 255°.

Trichogramma species, 204".

tridentata, Saperda, 245", 256”.

Triphleps insidiosus, 253’, 260°.

Trissolcus murgantiae, 248°
podisi, 248°.

tristigmus, Euschistus, 259°.

tristis, Anasa, 259°.

Trombidium muscarum, 257*, 262°
species, 196°.

Tropaea luna, 258’.

Troy, ravages of elm-leaf beetle at,
234°-235°; of Notolophus, 163‘; of
elm-leaf miner, 237°.

Troy budget, abstract from, 252’.

Troy daily times, abstract from, 244’,
251°; cited, 246°.

Trypeta canadensis, bibliography,
162°-163°; distribution, 161°; in-
juring currants, 160°-161°; life
history, 161'-162’; operations in
New York state, 161°; remedies,
162°

pomonella, 161°.

Trypetidae, species treated of, 160°-
163°.

Tulip-tree, Lecanium tulipiferae on,
213°, 213".

Tulip-tree scale, 213°-216", 261°.
also Lecanium tulipiferae.

See

tulipiferae, Lecanium, see L. tulipi-
ferae.

Tupper, Thomas, insects from, 235%,
256°; reference, 231°.

Turnip, Mamestra picta on, 203°.

Twelve-spotted beetle,
245", 250".

Two-spotted lady-bird, 243’, 255°.

asDaragus

293

Tylenchus devastatrix (an eelworm),

244",
ulmi, Gossyparia, 245°.
Ulster county, injuries by Elaphidion
in, 232°; San José scale in, 242°.
Unger, H. A. insects from, 261°.
unicolor, Byturus, see Byturus.

‘unipuncta, Leucania, 204°, 2117, 245°.

United States department of agri-
culture, Report cited, 186’, 205°,
206"; Year book cited, 165‘, 167’,
176°; division of biological survey,
Bulletin cited, 176°, 190°;

division of entomology cited,
228°; Bulletin cited, 169°, 173’,
175°, 1487',. 10’, 200°, 2053; 2067,
212°, 218°, 229°, 250°; Bulletin
(new series) cited, 160’, 174°,
176°, 187°, 207*, 218°; Technical
series cited, 174°, 1706°,, 183°,
“168 | 160.) 200; 20% « Alor.

United States entomological com-
mission, Bulletin [index to 9 Mis-
souri reports] cited, 211°; Report
cited 175, TO7, 190, 166.213"

United States geological and geo-
graphical survey of the territories,
Bulletin cited, 211", 212°.

United States national museum,
Bulletin cited, 175*, 189°, 200°, 206°,
206", 211°, 212", 212", 213°, ar3"; Pro-
ceedings cited, 206', 216".

valida, Limneria, 169”. ;

variegatum, Perimegatoma, 71,
175. .

Vermont, forest tent caterpillar
ravages in, 192°; tent caterpillar
ravages in, 178°.

Vermont agricultural experiment

station, Bulletin cited, 199°; Report
cited; 175°, 188°.
Vermont state board of agriculture;
5

Report cited, 175°, 188°, 199°.
vernata, Paleacrita, 185°.

294

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmtetilinge
(Hiibner) cited, 197°.

Vespa, injuring grapes, 244°.

vetusta, Notolophtis, 168°.

villosum, Elaphidion, 232*, 250’, 256°.

Vireo, red-eyed, feeding on tent
caterpillar, 184°.

Vireo olivaceous, see Vireo, red-
eyed. ;

Virginia creeper, Alypia octomac-
ulata on, 257”.

virgo, Eyprepia, 210".

vittata, Diabrotica, 249”.

Walking stick, 252°, 262°.

Wall. paper, scaling off caused by
'Lepisma, 217°.

Walnut, Clisiocampa disstria_ on,
ie opps

Walnut, black, insects injuriov’s to;

Clisiocampa disstria, 196°
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°.

Walsh, B. D., cited, 173°, 1877, 198”,
198°, 205°; reference, 203°.

Warder, J..A., cited, 187’. ;

Warren county, ravages of forest
tent caterpillar in, 192°.

Washburn, F. L., cited, 175°; refer-
ence, 167°.

Washington, D. C., study of para-
sites at, 169°, I71°. .

Washington county, N. Y., forest
tent caterpillar ravages in, 191°.

Washington state, Trypeta canaden-
Sis iny 161°.

Washington state agricultural
periment station, Bulletin
207°.

Watervliet, ravages of elm-leaf beetle
eae es

Weather crop bulletin,
from, 178°, 178".

Webster, F. M., cited, 160°, 206*, 212”,

reference, 158°.

Weed, C. M., cited, 1757, 180’, 206°,
216°; reference, 177°, 182°, 182°.

ex-
cited,

quotations

(— ——————

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Weed, H. E., cited, 206°.
Wentworth, E. P., insects from,262.
West Virginia agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 207.
Western to-lined bug, 256°.
Wetmore, W. E., insects from, 258".
Wheat-head army worm, 245°.
Wheat joirft worm, 255*.
Wheel bug, 171°.
Wheelock, C. F., reference, 192°.
White berry, see Snowberry.
White birch, see Birch, white.
White flower cricket, 262°.
White grubs, 162", 227°, 2517.
White lilac, Aspidiotus perniciosus
on, 261%.
White-marked tussock* moth,
Notolophus leucostigma.
Whitmore, W. A., insects from, 262".
wilcoxi, Calosoma, 196’, 200’.
Wiid cherry, see Cherry, wild.
Wiid plum, see Plum, wild.
Willard, S. D., reference, 178*, 235°.
Williams, C. L., insects from, 258°;
reference, 192".
Williams, Joseph, cited, 199°.
Wiilow, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus ancylus, 261°
Clisiocampa americana, 182*
Clisiocampa disstria, 196°
Mamestra picta, 204°
Notolophus leucostigma, 167°.
Winthemia 4-pustulata, 170’, 176°,
Sia

see

Wisconsin state horticultural society,
Transactions cited, 188°, 199°.

Witch hazel, Clisiocampa americana
on, 182%.

wolfhi, Phymata, 260°.

Woltz, John, insects from, 260’.

Woodriff, D., insects from, 259%.

Woodside, L. I., ravages of Notolo-
phus at, 163°.

Woolly aphis, 244*, 260°, 260°.

[Mass.] telegram

W orcester cited,

250°.

>
POR yal Re ee
Fao Ne dae Se

INDEX TO REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898

Wright, A. W. insects from, 2577.

_ Xiphidium brevipenne, 262+.

' Xylina antennata, bibliography, ar1°,
212°; comparatively unknown, 208°:
definition of the species, 209'-210°;
defoliating soft maples, 207°-208?,
236°; description, 208°-210°; figure,
209°; food habits, 210°; life history,
210°; natural enemies, 210°-2117:
reference, 247°, 247°, 248° 249°, 249’,
259°; remedies, 2117

Xylina cinerea, see Xylina antennata.

Xylina grotei, 208°, 208°, 209°, 200°,
209", 210°, 212°.

Xylina laticinerea, 208", 208°, 20097,
209°, 209°, 209’, 200°, 210° 212", ar3*.

295

Xylina laticinerea, erroneous refer-
ence of X. antennata, 249%, 240°.

Yates county, ravages of Notolo-
phus in, 164°.

Yellow-billed cuckoo, see Cuckoo.

Yellow jackets injuring grapes, 244°.

Yellow warbler feeding on tent cat-
erpillar, 184°

Young, Alice, insects from, 258°,
260°. |

Young, Chester, insects from, 2567,
258°, 260", 2617, 2615, 261°; reference,
163°. é

Zebra caterpillar, 153°, 2047-207,
251°, 259°. See also Mamestra
picta.

Zollikoffer, O. F., insects from, 258%.

ERRATA
Page 168, line 3, for Dyar, read Dyarz,
Page 173, line 3, for 4ddo¢t read Abbot.

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45 ‘

the State of ‘New York

“B ULLETIN a
w York State Museum
tiges FREDERICK ele MERRILL, Director sentry

VOL. 5 No. 24 .

May 1899

SUPPLEMENT
TO THE ; : =

- . ~—-« 14TH REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 18098

a MEMORIAL

OF

LIFE AND ENTOMOLOGIC WORK :
Joseph Albert Lintner, Ph.D.
State entomologist, 1874-98 - :

BY

EPHRAIM PORTER FELT, D. Sc.
ees State entomologist

ALBANY
UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

1899

CON TE Nees

PAGE

Joseph Albert Lintner, notice of his life - - - - : 303
Memberships in learned societies held by J. A. Lintner - - 305
List of new species described by J. A. Lintner - - : - 306
Lepidoptera - : . : - - - - - 306
Diptera - | : - - - - : - 308
Thysanura Ege . - - : - - - =. 208
Myriapoda : - - . : - - - - as
Bibliography of the entomologic publications of J. A. Lintner - 308

Index to reports 1-13, including supplement to the 14th report, - 401

JOSEPH ALBERT LINTNER

: In the sudden death of this prominent entomologist at Rome, Italy,
“4 on May 5, 1898, the scientific world sustained a great loss. Joseph
"Albert Lintner, Ph. D., was born in Schoharie, N. Y., Feb. 8, 1822, of
a German parentage. He attended Jefferson academy and was graduated
from the Schoharie academy in 1837. For 10 years he was in business
in New York city, and at the same time continued his studies under the
- Mercantile library association, also contributing scientific articles to the
| Lew York tribune. Returning to Schoharie in 1848, he engaged anew
in business till 1860, when he removed to Utica and there manufactured
woolen goods for some years. His scientific studies were continued un-
remittingly. His large collection of insects was begun in 1853 and in
1862 his first article on entomology was published. In 1868 he became
a zoological assistant in the state museum, and was put in charge of
. the entomologic work in 1874. He was appointed state entomologist by
Governor Cornell in 1880, a position held till his death, and in 1883 was
made by the regents a member of the scientific staff of the state museum.
: This long and faithful service in his chosen field made him a valued
and respected leader among economic entomologists. ‘The last 36 years
of his life were devoted almost entirely to entomology, and he wrote
. during that time over goo independent articles, besides his 13 reports
and the four numbers of Zntomological contributions. In 1871 he began
¥ to contribute articles on economic entomology to the Cultivator and
country gentleman, a leading agricultural paper now known as the
Country gentleman, and was its entomological editor during the last 25
Be years. He has also written many notices for a number of other agricultural

and horticultural papers. Although his publications were numerous and

varied, it was their writer’s ambition to make his communications of
__ practical value to all. It was his delight to include something new or
: _of more than ordinary interest in every notice of an insect. For the past
Be

18 years he was widely known as a most earnest and conscientious state
entomologist. His reports, replete with valuable and practical informa-
tion, are enduring monuments to their author. In simplicity of language,
dignity of expression, conciseness’ and thoroughness of treatment, they
are models.

The high appreciation won from his colaborers is strikingly shown in
the following extract* from an address delivered in 1894 before the Asso-
_ Ciation of economic entomologists by the president, Dr L. O. Howard,

a Insect life. 1894. 7:63

304 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

now chief of the division of entomology, of the United States depart-
ment of agriculture:

The movement which resulted in the passage of this law® was started
by the regents of the University of the State of New York at their annual
meeting in 1877, and the person appointed to fill the office was Dr J. A.
Lintner, a well-known worker in entomology, who, up to that time, had
been connected with the state museum of natural history. Dr
Lintner has heid office continuously since 1881. He brought to bear
upon his duties a ripe experience and a mind trained in scientific meth-
ods. He has published nine reports, the last one covering the year 1892,
and only recently distributed. These reports are in many respects
models. The great care and thoroughness of the author have hardly
been equalled by any other writer upon economic entomology. The .
form of the reports is most admirable, and the account of each insect
forms almost invariably a complete compendium of our knowledge con-
cerning it down to the date of publication. His accounts are also ar-
ranged in the most convenient form for reference, a full bibliography
precedes the consideration of each species, and the frequent subheadings
enable the most practical use of the report. The reports are replete with
sound and ingenious practical suggestions, and are written in a straight-
forward, simpie style, which possesses great literary merit. They abound
in illustrations, and are made available by most complete indices and
tables of contents. Aside from these reports, Dr Lintner has published
a great deal in the newspapers, particularly the Country gentleman, on
the subject of economic entomology, and another valuable feature of his
reports is the comprehensive list which he publishes each year of his unof-
ficial writings.

Without the magnificent opportunities our universities are offering
today, this life shows in the highest degree the results of patient effort
supplemented by untiring perseverance. Although prohibited by cir-
cumstances from devoting his whole time to scientific pursuits till late in
life, his great love for nature enabled him to attain one of the highest
positions in his chosen work. In 1884 the honorary degree of doctor of
philosophy was conferred on him by the regents of the University of the
State of New York. He was president of. the Entomological club of the
American association for the advancement of science and the Associa-
tion of economic entomologists, two years each, and was president of the
department of natural science of the Albany institute from 1879 till his death.
He was elected to membership not only in learned societies in this coun-
try, but many of those abroad were proud to enroll his name on their
books, as may be seen by the appended list of memberships held at the
time of his decease. A short time before his death he was granted a six
months’ leave of absence by the regents in recognition of his long and
faithful services.

“Laws of 1881, ch. 877. The original appointment was made by Governor Cornell in 1880,
under authority of ch. 549 of the Jaws of that year.

' LINTNER: MEMBERSHIPS IN LEARNED SOCIETIES 305

Modest and unassuming, gentle, yet never yielding to imposition, kind
nd loved by all, the name of Joseph Albert Lintner shines with a luster -
aat places it beside those of Harris, Fitch, Walsh, LeBaron and Riley.

MEMBERSHIPS IN LEARNED SOCIETIES HELD BY J. A. LINTNER
American entomological society, Philadelphia, Pa.
Corresponding member: elected, Nov. ro, 1862.

\Ibany institute, Albany, N. Y.

Resident member: elected, Nov. 2, 1869.

West Virginia historical society, Morgantown, W. Va.

_ -Corresponding member: elected, Dec. 30, 1869.

intomological society of Ontario, Canada. London, Ont.
Member since 1872. #

uyceum of natural history of the city of New York: Now, ‘New York
academy of sciences, New York, N. Y.
Corresponding member: elected, Feb. 27, 1872.

Buffalo society of natural sciences, Buffalo, N. Y.
©— Corresponding member: elected, Mar. 2, 1872.

3 Cambridge entomological club, Cambridge, Mass.

-_ Honorary member.

‘Academy of natural sciences, Davenport, Iowa.
Corresponding member: elected, Ap. 27, 1877.

American association for the advancement of science, Salem, Mass.
_ Member: elected, Aug: 21, 1873; Fellow: elected, 1874.

oe . 3

Société entomologique de Belgique, Brussells, Belgium.

Member effectif: elected, Aug. 4, 1877.

Oneida historical society, Utica, N.Y. -
Corresponding member: elected, July t, 1879.

306

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Musée royal d’histoire naturelle de Belge, Brussells, Belgium.

Corresponding member: elected, July 30, 1877.

Société imperiale des naturalistes de Moscou, Moscow, Russia.

Honorary member: elected, Nov. 20, 1886.

Linnaean scientific association of New Jersey state normal school.

Honorary member: elected, March 1887.

Société entomologique de France, Paris, France.

Member effectif: elected, Nov. 9, 1387.

Kansas state horticultural society, Lawrence, Kans.

Honorary member: elected, Dec..14, 1887.

New York state agricultural society, Albany, N. Y.

Consulting entomologist: elected, January 1889.

Trinity historical society, Dallas, Texas.

Honorary member: elected, Jan. 14, 1891.

Association of economic entomologists.

Active member since its organization in 1889.

LIST OF NEW SPECIES DESCRIBED BY J. A. LINTNER

This list is arranged systematically and cites also the place and date of the
: original description.

Apatura |? Chlorippe™| cocles...

YNCACHE VOUS So wissen

Lepidoptera
-Papilio. 1884. . 4: ‘T4memee
....Entomological contributions, ¢
4: 57-58.
. Papilio... 1884.- 4: 13628

WGACODOUUE WOU 3 by 5 eae bx ins

PUM PMUAOSCOOMG 0% ona se 6% .....Entomological contributions.
4: 58-59.

Nisoniades | Thanaos|\ wcelus ......Entomological contributions.
ic; ipo 35.

Nisoniades |? Thanaos| somnus ....Papilio. 1881. 1: 73-74.

Nisoniades | Thanaos| lucilius ..... Entomological contributions.
qs (gos sAe

LNVisoniades [ Z hanaos| ausonius .

. Entomological contributions.
I: 34-36.

a The preferred generic name has been inserted in brackets.
b Volume and page references are separated by a colon, e. g., 1: 286-93 means volume 1,

pages 286 to 293.

1878.

1878.

1872.

1872.

1872.

c Entomological contributions, 1, 2,3 and 4 were published respectively in the 23d, 24th,
26th and 30th Annual reports of the New York state museum of natural history.

LINTNER: LIST OF NEW SPECIES 307
_ Wisoniades |? Thanaos\ afranius ..Entomological contributions. 1878.
aS 4: 63-64. |
_ Lisoniades |? Thanaos| petronius.. Papilio. 1881. 1: 70-71.
_ Nisoniades [? Thanaos| naevius ..Papilio. 1881. 1: 69-70.
_ WNisoniades [? Thanaos] pacuvius ,.Entomological contributions. 1878.
4, Aes 6265.
Eudamus | Thorybes| electra ...... Canadian entomologist. 1881.
: 13: 63-65.
EL a Papilio. 1884. 4: 145-46.
a MLA DUMEUIE oie’ oiaiefa ion ss 6s Entomological contributions. 1872.
SO : I: 37-39:
MMROCFUTE OCCIAENIANS 26. ae es Entomological contributions. 1878.
| Fp Ue eso re
b : Anisota | Sphingicampa| bisecta.... Canadian entomologist. 1879.
2 | ares on ee
© Cossus centerensis.... 00.00.0000 Canadian entomologist. 1897:
i g: 129-30.
- Cossus undosus .....0. 00.0: Pash bet Entomological contributions. 1878.
_ 4: 131-33.
_ ~Aylina unimoda ...........+++.. Entomological contributions. 1878.
' " : 42" g6-07. 2
BPM IePIdd o.oo ee Entomological contributions. 1878.
. 4: 95-96.
AMPA NUPCTA 0.6 se eee ee ese Bulletin Buffalo society natural sci-
i ences... 1874.) 2:2 18889.
. BAUME LACTIUICD vd ho ee on oe .. Check list of the noctuidae of America,
= north of Mexico. 1875. p. 24-25.
3 y BEACUID SPEVETL. sje eas vs .....+.Entomological contributions. 1874.
= id cies ives ov rad BOS= FA.
= Cucullta serraticornis ....0.0.005 Entomological contributions. 1874.
3: 174-76.
LIDS SE EE re Insects of New York. 2d Report.
.. TooG.. “pP.cQ yz,
a Entomological contributions. 1878.
ae 4. 105-7:
Catocala pretiosa {var. of C. crataegi Saund. |
Be Canadian entomologist. 1876. 8: 121-22.
Acidalia 2018 | VacHeada sw Entomological contributions. 1878.

ACEH WD

308 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

. Diptera |
PROTE GEA Ses ey ae eee Insects of New York. roth Report,
1895. pp. 401, 402.
Chortophila | Fegomyia| betarum....Insects of New York. 1st Report.
1882. p. 208-9.

TCROULVIR DUEL oe est ee te ene Insects of New York. 1st Report.
1882. p. 209-11.
SLATE CHM ETUES pS OE OS aS Insects of New York. soth Report.
1895. p. 398.
SATA COPFOPHUA OR TEE Insects of New York. roth Report.
1895. p. 394-96.
TOEPAGSIS CUSUMEITS SOE OE MI Insects of New York. 11th Report.
1896. p. 166-67.
TORI OSUS SELISETE LE MEG. Se Insects of New York. 11th Report.
1896. p. 168-69.
Cectdomyia balsamicola. ......... Insects of New York. 4th Report.
1888. p. 60-63.
Cecidomyia trifolu |leguminicola|...Canadian entomologist. 1879.
Il: 44-45.
Thysanura
ALROKULESMIVETSICEPS Ss in wide 0 OS Insects of New York. 11th Report.

1896. p. 253-54.

Myriapoda
PEPOWESINUS FATCALUS |e seh ae Insects of New York. 12th Report.
1897. p. 300-1.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS

OF

Joseph Albert Lintner, Ph. D.

The highly commendable practice of the late Dr J. A. Lintner in
giving lists of his papers together with place, date of publication and
summary of contents, has reduced to a minimum the labor of preparing
this bibliography of his writings. In bringing these titles together, it
has been my aim to render the greatest value with the least repetition.
The extended summaries included in the original lists have been
abridged, only the names of the more important species being retained.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 309

_ The synonymy indicated is based largely on that adopted by Dr Lintner
in his index of reports 1-10, which was published in 1896.

etamorphoses of Ceratomia quadricornis Harris [amyntor Hibn.|
_ (Entomological society of Philadelphia. Proceedings. 1862.
a ‘1: 286-93) Also, separate, with cover and_ half title ~page,
_ December 1862.

Extended account of its life history, describing the egg, larval stages,
aS pupa, pupal cell and its construction.

a

Notes on some of the diurnal lepidoptera of the state of New York,
Be ith descriptions of their larvae and chrysalides. (Entomological
society of Philadelphia. Proceedings. 1864. 3: 50-64) Also,

_. separate, with cover and title page, May 1864.

‘ _ The following species are noticed: Papilio turnus Linn. @ [ Jasoniades
; # glaucus Linn.], Papilio asterias Fabr. [polyxenes Fabr.], Papilio [Huphoeades]
__ troilus Linn., Pieris oleracea Harris, Colias [Eurymus] philodice Godt., Grapta
[Polygonia] comma Harris, Grapta [Polygonia] faunus Edw., Grapta
{Polygonia] progne Fabr., Grapta [Kugonia] j-album Godt., Vanessa
_ [Euvanessa]- antiopa Linn., Vanessa. [Aglais] milberti Godt., Limenitis
[Basilarchia] arthemis Drury, Limenitis disippus Godt. [Basilarchia
archippus Cram.], Pyrameis [Vanessa] huntera Sm.-Abb. Also notes
of comparative abundance and capture of some of the diurnals.

oe of the larva of Dryocampa |Anisota| rubiwcunda Fabr.
_ (Entomological society of Philadelphia. Proceedings. 1864. 3:

426-27)

Mature larva taken from sugar maple is described.

Notes on some Sphingidae of the’ state of New York, with descriptions:
of their larvae and pupae. (Entomological society of Philadelphia.
Proceedings. 1864. 3:645-72) Also, separate, with cover and title
page. December 1864.

The immature stages of the following species are noticed: Sesia | Hemaris]
thysbe Fabr., Sphinx quinquemaculata Steph. [Phlegethontius celeus Hiibn.],
? [eremitus Hiibn.], -
Sphinx cinerea Harr. [chersis Hiibn.], Sphinx kalmia Sm.-Abb., Sphinx drupi-
ferarum Sm.-Abb., Philampelus satellitia Harr. [pandorus Hiibn.|, Philampelus
— achemon Drury, Deilephila chamaenertti Harr. Deilephila lineata Fabr., Darapsa
Bc [Ampelophaga] myron Cram., Ceratomia quadricornis Harr. [amyntor Hiibn.],
Smerinthus [ Paonias] excaecatusSm.-Abb., Smerinthus —? [ Paonias exrcaeca-
tus Sm.-Abb.], Smerinthus [Cressonia] juglandis Sm.-Abb., Ellema harrisii

Sphinx [Phlegethontius| cingulata Fabr., Sphinx

ain the bibliography the names used in the text are given and the preferred terms
_ inserted in brackets. a

310 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Clem., Sphinx larvae on poplar [Pheosia dimidiata H.-S.]; list of undescribed
larvae of N. Y. state Sphingidae.

A hundred fold return for a trifling expenditure. (Utica morning herald.
May 11, 1866)

Brief article on the value of entomologic study, and recommending the
Praciical entomologist to the public.

Description of a new species of Grapta, and Notes on G. znterrogationts.
(American entomological society. Transactions. 1869 2: 313-19)
Also, separate, May 1869. *

Description of Grapta umbrosa [ Polygonia interrogationis var. |
First observation of Pzeris rapae in New York. (Sunday morning press
[Albany]. Aug. 7, 1870, p. 4)
Notice of the capture of this cabbage butterfly in Albany.
‘The poisonous cabbage worm.’ (Argus [Albany] Oct. 20, 1870)
Refuting the statement that the larva of the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae,
is poisonous.

The recently imported cabbage butterfly—/veris rapae. |Read before
the Albany institute, Nov. 2, 1870| (Argus [Albany] Nov. 2, 1870.
Albany institute. Proceedings. 1873. 1: 199-201)

General account of its introduction, life history and probable spread in this
country.

On Graptae interrogationis and fabricii Edw. [interrogationis var.|.
(American entomological society. Transactions. December 1870.
3:197-204) Separate with cover and title page.

Discussion of Grapta [Polygonia] interrogationis Fabr, and its varieties.

Spectrum |Diapheromera| femoratum. (Country gentleman. Aug. 13,
ioyis 3Oy Rae)

Identification of this ‘walking stick’ from Columbia, Missouri.

Dryocampa | Basilona| imperialis Drury. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27,
1871. 36: 6007)

Description of the moth and note on its transformations and habits.

Pieris rapae parasites. (American naturalist. 1871. 5:742; Canadian
entomologist. November 1871. 3: 197)

Notice of an attack by Pteromalus, probably P. puparum, on the larvae of
the cabbage butterfly.

Cabbage butterfly. (Country gentleman. Nov. 16, 1871. 36: 728!)

Pieris rapae in Delaware, and discovery of its parasite, Pteromalus puparum,
in Albany, N. Y.

a The superior figures point to the column and the exact place on the page in ninths; e.g.
55254 means page 552, column three, four ninths of the way down.

shes ; LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 311

Notice of young cut wormsin corn, probably those of Mamestra [Xylophasia]
arclica Boisd. ;

ear: 375")

‘ General notice of Amphicerus bicaudatus Say.

Spindle worms. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1872. 37:37638)
Caterpillars attacking corn are thought to be a species of Gortyna

[? Hydroecia].

Hessian fly. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1872. 37 : 37679)

Insect is identified from Franklin co., Ohio.

Bark louse. (Country gentleman. July 11, 1872. 37:44078)
Notice of a species of Coccus infesting a thorn hedge in Windsor, Canada.

Owl beetle. (Country gentleman. July 18, 1872. 37: 45614)

Description and habits of Alaus oculatus Linn.

Revision of some of the American butterflies. (American naturalist. 1872.

6: 354-59)

Review of a paper under the above title published by Samuel H. Scudder,
in the report of the Peabody academy of science, 1871, p. 24-82.
Entomological contributions—no. 1 1872. p. 5-90, pl. 7-8. New York
state cabinet of natural history. 23d annual report, 1869. p. 135-222.

Contents
iraetaphy of Hemileuca maia Drury ---------:--. .----- -+--+- --25---..0-20- 5
- Observations on Melitaea [Huphydryas| phaéton Fabr. ..-.---.---.-+---- -«-- 22
Peaeoanoweiiaca | Chariaryas| nycteis Doubl...-2..---- --- 22. 2-5 --5-5- =e 2 26
Pn aM eEES OLCFOCCH FVAITIS@= = 02 222 os eo Foe a dada e 2 eens Spe ee ok 28
Descriptions of new species of Nisoniades.----.-.----..----. -----------. ---- 30

Nisoniades [Thanaos] icelus, N. [Thanaos] lucilius and N. [Thanaos] ausonius described.
Descriptions of a new 7S) UTIL es AS eo AEG a oa Pe nD iia SMNA eek te gk ve meine es Ely tr 37
Ellema pineum described.

List of Sphingidae occurring in the state of New York ..-..----..--...-.--. 40
40 species are recorded and their principal synonyms given.

List of butterflies occurring in the state of New York ............-.-....--- 44

Embraces 113 species, with notes on those of rare occurrence, and mention of 13 others which
may be presumed to occur in the state.

Peon Dulteriiics ior the year.1869': 2222.2 ll 2. bes. 22 see. ee eee slo 48

Contains notes on 63 species as they appeared successively, from Thecla [Incisalialirus Godt.,
on April 27, to Pamphila [Anthomaster] leonardus Harris on Aug. 20.

ines of celleciian or New York Heterocera ....0.-)-.-- «++ - 20. 2sen- cake eee 56
Contains dates of collection of 94 species during the year 1869, and of 200 species in prior years.

List of North American Lepidoptera contained in ‘Species Général des Lépi-

ema ES GRE A Me IE NOG. ccs se oS So a Ske dhe tue Swcimeescboee Anew 66
Embraces above 600 species giving habitat and notes on the same.
meenunes on Cucullia intermedia Speyer - .- ..---. --2- .-02 22-225 == ween eee = eee 81

312 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Entomological contributions—no. 2. 1872. p. 5-66. New York
state museum of natural history. 24th annual report, 1870, 1872.

p. 109-70.

Contents
On the larva and imago of Sesia [Hemaris] diffinis Harris. ...--..----------- Seach
Transformations of Sesia [Hemaris] buffaloensis Gr.-Rob-.-.-.-..-.-.---.------ 8
On the larva-and pupa of Thyreus abbotti Swainson .-.---------. mE 10
On thelarva of Philampelus achemon Drary?>.--. 2222.0 223.2 See 13
Smerinthus geminatus Say and its supposed varieties.-...----.---.---..----- 15
Transformations of Daremma [Ceratomia] undulosa Walker. .....----------- 24
Notes on Platarectia parthenos Harr. [hyperborea Curt.].---.-------- it een
Notes on Euprepia americana Harris [var. of Arctia caja Linn.].-.---.-------- 30
Notes'on Huchaetes eqle Drury ...-=2 ..-.-2-- .2-. -------2 +22 aa eee 32
Tranformations of Lagoa [Megalopyge] crispata Packard....-.--..----..----. 34
Transformations of Hyperchiria [Automeris]io Fabr...---.-----.----------. 42
Transformations of Eacles [ Basilona] imperialis Drury....-.----..----..----- 46
Larval notes on Anisota senatoria Smith .........---.-----. ------- eee 51
Calendar of butterflies for the year 1870: .... 2... 2.2. 25. 2... -. -4--- 53
Dates of collection of some Heterocera for 1870..---. ..---.-----22.+-ueee 64

fypena scabra Fabr. and &. erectalis Guen. {scabra| (Canadian entomol-
ogist. May 1873. 5: 81-82)

The synonymy of these two species and of Depressaria ontariella [D.
heracliana De Geer]

Entomology: [Remarks on Myrmeleon, Termes, etc., at a field meeting
of the Albany institute at Schoharie, N. Y., June 7, 1873] (Albany
evening times. June 9, 1873. 17:3; Albany institute. Proceedings.
1878. 2: 48-50) :

Remarks upen the ant lion, Myrmeleon sp., the white ant Termes flavipes,
the cabbage butterfly Pieris rapae, ete.

Economic entomology, etc. [Remarks made at a field meeting of the
Albany institute at Watkins Glen, N. Y., June 27, 1873] (Albany
evening times. June 30, 1873. 17:3,col. 3,4, 62 cm; Albany insti-
tutes Proceedings. )13;6x-)2% Gs269)

General remarks on insects, their injuries, parasites, ete.

Caterpillar [on apple-tree]. (Country gentleman. July 17, 1873. 38:

456")
Caterpillars from Ottumwa, Iowa, prove to be Nolodonta [Schizura] con-
cinna. Sm.-Abb. ;

Coccus insect on the pine. (Country gentleman. Aug. 21, 1873. 38:

535°)

Features of Coccus [Chermes] pinicorticis Fitch, its operations, and remedies.

ee

LINTNER : ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 313

Entomological contributions—no 3. May 1874. 3: 117-92. New York
state museum of natural history. 26th annual report, 1872 1874.
Sep. £1792, lif. 1-14.

On the larva of Eudryas unio Hiibn. and allied forms...-.....-...-- ah Bee By!
Larvae of Eudryas [Zuthisanotia] unio, Eudryas [Euthisanotia] yrata Fabr., Alypia
- octomaculata Hiibn. and Psycomorpha epimenis Drury are described.

Contents

Se eemstormations of some Bombycidae .--....-. .-..-.---+-- ---- ---- -+---+-- 125
Transformations of the following-named species are given: Platysamia [Samia] cecropia
Linn., Callosamia promethea Drury and Actias [Tropaea] tuna Linn.

Descriptions om the larvae. of some, Bombyecidac..-. 2-22.22 5-s\e-05 2-452. 02-% 129
_ Descriptions are given of the following: Parorgyia parallela Gr.-Rob. [Olene achatina
Sm.-Abb.], A4patelodes angelica Grote, Coelodasys [Schizura] unicornis Sm.-Abb. Platycerura

_ [Panthea] furcilla Pack., Dryocampa [Anistota] rubicunda Fabr. and Tolype velleda Stoll.

ewescriptions of the larvae of some Noctuidae ...-...---.- --.- +--+. s2-5-=--- 135
ao, Acronycta americana [erroneous reference of A. funeralis Gr.-Rob.], Acronycta morula
Gr -Rob., Ceramica [Mamestra] picia, Cucullia convexripennis Gr.-Rob., Cucullia asteroides

Seeeiecs omsome New York Bombycidae: .--..-..2.-. 2225-6 2-2) nse ee ek 142
Ba Contains descriptions or notes, mainly larval, of the following species: Callimorpha
B. [Haploa] lecontii Boisd., Arctia [Euprepia]) arge Drury, Spilosoma virginica Fabr.,
; Spilosoma latipennis Stretch, Huchaetes oregonensis Stretch, Euchaetes collaris Fitch [Cycnia
_ tenera Hiibn.j, Ichthyura vau Fitch [Melalopha apicalis Walk.] Halisidota caryae Harris,
Be - Orgyia [Notolophus] leucostigma Sm.-Abb., Enupretia [Sibine] stimulea Clem., Phobetron
pithecitum Sm.-Abb., Lithacodes [Tortricidia] fasciola Her.-Sch., Nadata gibbosa Sm.-Abb.,
_ Notodonta sp.?, Edema [Symmerisia] albifrons Sm.-Abb., Cerura borealis Boisd., Telea
_ polyphemus Linn., Aclias [Tropaea] luna Linn., Hemileuca maia Drury, Gastropacha
i [Phyllodesma] americana Harris, Clisiocampa americana Fabr., Ctenucha virginica Charp.,
and Scepsis fulvicollis Hiibn.

Notes on some New York Noctuidae..--..... Suns winks Perey bst ya Ma skys VS ets ae rae yj
The following species are noticed: Diphtera [Charadra] deridens Guen., Acronycta ameri-
cana [erroneous reference of A. funeralis Gr.-Rob.], Acronycta oblinita Sm.-Abb., Agrotis

__ tricosa nov. sp. [Feltia, jaculifera Guen.], Hadena [Xylophasia] lignicolor Guen., Hadena

_ [Mamestra] adjuncta Boisd., Cucullia florea Guen.,? Chariclea exprimens Walk. [Pyrrhia
umbra Hiifn.,] Chamyris cerintha Treits., Plusia balluca Hiibn., Plusia aeroides Grote,
Svoliopteryx libatrix Linn., Catocala parta Guen., Mesographe [Evergestis] stramentalis
Hiibn., Nematocampa filamentaria Guen. [Ania linbata Haw.], Ennomos magnaria Guen.,
Amphidasys [Lycia] cognataria Guen., Abraxas [Diastictis] ribearia Fitch. Also, Notes on

the seasons of 1858 and 1859.

Descriptions of new species of Cucullia..--...-...---- he A Ae nee ee eee 168
Cucullia.speyeri and C. serraticornis described.

Observation of some New York Rhopalocera, 1871 .....-.....---..-...----- 177
3 Gives dates of observation of 46 species of butterflies, up to July 7, when the record was
suspended.
Dates of collection of some New York Heterocera, 1872........-...----.---- 179
List of 140 species, also, of 59 taken in preceding years.
Description of a convenient insect case...----.-.----.-.-- HeSSUD a BR 185
[Also in Insects of Missouri, 5th report, 1873, p. 38-40, and in Dr Riley’s Directions for eollect-

_ ing and preserving insects, p. 101-4, published by the Smithsonian institution, in 1892]
-__- Deseribes the construction of several insect cases.

314 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Three lined leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. July 23,1874. 39:

4713) ;
Brief general notice of Lema trilineata Oliv.

Soldier bug. (Country gentleman. July 23, 1874. 39: 4711")

Arma [ Podisus] spinosa Dallas, is noticed as an enemy of the Colorado potato
beetle.

A timothy eater. (Country gentleman. July 23, 1874. 39: 471%)

Subsequently proved to be the larva of Leucania species.
Raspberry borer. (Country gentleman. July 30, 1874. 39: 48718)
Description of Obereu tripunctata Fabr. [bimaculata Oliy.] and its girdling
the canes of the raspberry.
Insect on the potato. (Country gentleman. July 30, 1874. 39: 4881")
Notice of Cosmopepla carnifex injuring potato vines.
Joint worm. (Country gentleman. Sep. 10, 1874. 39: 564°")
Galls and transformations of Isosoma hordei Harris are described.
Cimex [Acanthia| lectularius. (Country gentleman. Sep. 24, 1874.
39: 615%)
General account of the bed bug, Acanthia lectularia Linn.
Maple leaf cutter. (Country gentleman. Oct. 1, 1874. 39: 6311!)
Genera] account of Ornix [Incurvaria] acerifoliella Fitch destroying maple
forests in Pittsford, Vt. :
Cattle tick. (Country gentleman. Oct. 1, 1874. 39: 6317)
Avpearance and babits of Ixodes [ Boophilus] bovis Riley.
Oil beetle. (Country gentleman. Oct. 15, 1874. 39:663%)
Short notice of the habits and vesicating properties of Meloé angusticollis Say.

Mr Otto Meske’s collection of Lepidoptera. (Albany evening times.

Oct. 27, 1874. Albany institute. ‘Transactions, 1876. 8: 215-20)
Notice of the valuable features of this collection.

Description of a new species of Calocampa. (Buffalo society of natural

sciences. Bulletin 2. October 1874. p. 188-89)
Calocampa nupera is described as a new species.

Record of collections of New York Heterocera for the year 1873. (New
York state museum of natural history. 27th annual report, 1875.
p. 144-48)

Lists 135 species, with localities and dates of capture.

New apple worm. (Albany evening times. Ap. 12, 1875. 19:2, col.

3-4; New York state museum of natural history. 3oth report, 1878.

p. 117-21, with additional matter, p. 121-26; Entomological contri-

butions. June 1878. 4: 5-14)
General account of Mermis acuminata Leidy with special reference to its
being a parasite of Carpocapsa pomonella larvae.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 315

New apple worm. (Country gentleman. Ap.29, £875. 40: 262-631)

Mermis sp. [acuminata], a parasite on Carpocapsa pomonella.

Insect on the cabbage. (Country gentleman. June 24, 1875. 40: 3921")

Identification and notice of Murgantia histrionica, from Charlotteville, Va.

Blister beetles. (Country gentleman. July 1, 1875. 40: 407?)
Account of Lytta murina [ Macrobasis unicolor Kirby] on potato vines. |

Cocoons on oats. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1875. 40: 4247!)
Cocoons are of some parasite which couid not be determined.

Worm on wheat. (Country gentleman. July 15, 1875. 40:440%)
Caterpillar is that of Leucania harveyi [albilinea Hiibn. ].

Insects on potatoes. (Country gentleman. July 22, 1875. 40:472%)
Notice of an attack on potatoes by Lygus lineolaris [pratensis Linu. ].

On Lycaena neglecta Edw. [Cyaniris pseudargiolus var.|. (Canadian
entomologist. July 1875. 7: 122-23)
Reasons for differing from Mr W. H. Edwards in his belief of the identity of
L. neglecta with L. lucia [vars. of Cyaniris pseudargiolus] based on observa-
tions made at Center, N. Y.

On Orthosia ralla Gr._Rob (Canadian entomologist. July 1875.
7: 128-20)

Orthosia ralla is not identical with O. ferruginoides Guen. [bicolorago Guen.

var. |

Carpocapsa deshaiziana {saltitans| in seed-vessels of Euphorbia. [Read
before the Albany institute Oct. 5,1875] (Argus [Albany] Oct. 11,
1875; Albany institute. Proceedings. 1878. 2: 264-67)

General account of Carpocapsa deshaiziana [saltitans] and notice of a
Podurid [Achorutes diversiceps Lintu.] at Center, N. Y.

Cucullia laetifica Lintn. (n. sp.) (Check-list of the Noctuidae of America,
north of Mexico, by A. R. Grote, November 1875. 1: 24~—25)
This species is described from a specimen from Bastrop, Texas, in the
collection of Mr O. Meske.
List of Catocalas occurring in the state of New York. (New York

state museum of natural history. 27th annual report, 1875. p. 137-40)
Contains 43 species, with references and synonyms.

List of new species of New York Lepidoptera published in 1873. (New
York state museum of natural history. 27th annual report. 1875.
p- 141-43) |

Contains 80 species, mainly by A. R. Grote, in the Noctwidae and Deltoidae
[the latter family united with the former by recent writers].

$r

316 . NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM
J

On Catocala pretiosa n. sp. [C. crataegi Saund. var.} (Canadian entomolo-
gist. July 1876. 8: 121-22)
Described from examples taken at sugarin Schenectady, N. Y., and com-
pared with C. polygama Guen. [C. grynea Cram.]

Destructive caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Aug. ro, 1876. 41:504?")
Caterpillar eating apple leaves in a young orchard at Manlius, N. Y., is
probably Notodonta [Schizura] concinna Sm.-Abb.

Cabbage eating insect. (Country gentleman. Sep. 7, 1876. 41:565%")
Brief account of Strachia [Murgantia] histrionica Haln as a cabbage pest at
Nashville, Tenn.

Grape seed fly. (Country gentlemen. Sep. 21, 1876. 41: 59914)
Isosoma [Evoxysoma] vitis Saund. is the inseet infesting grapes received
from New Jersey. Its operations are described and remedies for its attack
given.

New carpet bug pest—<Avnthrenus scrophulariae. {Read before the Albany
institute, Oct. 17, 1876| (Argus [Albany] Oct. 21, 1876; Schenectady
daily union. Oct. 21, 1876; Buffalo courier. Oct. 29, 1876; Albany
institute. Proceedings, 1878. 2: 313-15)

Notice of the introduction and spread of the carpet beetle, Anthrenus scro-
phulariae Linn.

Insects in flour. (Country gentleman. Oct. 26, 1876. 41: 683%)

Wheat flour swarming with Tyroglyphus farinae [siro Linn.] was received,
and a brief account of the mite is given.

Scale insects. (Country gentleman. Feb. 1, 1877. 42: 69”)

The following on pear and apple trees are noticed briefly : Aspidiotus har-
risitti Walsh FChionaspis furfurus Fitch] and Aspidiotus conchiformis Gmel.
[ Mytilaspis pomorum Bouché].

Bark lice. (Country gentleman. Mar. 8,1877. 42:151*)

Notice of Harris’ bark louse [Chionaspis furfurus Fitch] and -deseription
of the oyster shell bark louse.

Apple tree insects. (Country gentleman. Ap. 12, 1877. 42:235%%)

Oviposition of some tree hoppers, and of the flower cricket, Oecanthus niveus
DeGeer, is identified.
Insects of 18761. (Country gentleman May 31, 1877. 42: 34773)

Army worm, Leucania unipuncta Haw., Colorado potato beetle and grape
seed fly, Isosoma [Evoxysoma] vitis, are treated of to some extent.

Insects of 1876-2. The new carpet bug. (Country gentleman.
June 4, .1877/482 e634
Notice of Anthrenus scrophulariae and a uew potato insect.
Insect on peach trees. (Country gentleman. June 7,1877. 42: 36336)
Unknown caterpillar infesting the twigs of peach trees [probably Anarsia
lineatella Zeller] can not be identified.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 457

_ Parasitic insect. (Country gentleman. July 12, 1877. 42: 448")
a Young hemipterous insect from Cecil co., Md., are probably Prionotus [ Pri-
onodus| cristatus Linn. z

_ Gooseberry fruit worm. (Country gentleman. July 12,1877. 42: 44826)

Brief notice of Pempclia [Zophodia] grossulariae Pack. infesting gouoseber-

ries. ;

_ Tree hoppers. (Country gentleman. July 19, 1877. 42: 463°”)
Identifies the egg deposit of one of the tree hoppers [probably Ceresa

bubalus] in apple twigs.

Eastern grasshopper. (Country gentleman. July 26,1877. 42: 47542)
Destructive work of Caloptenus [Melanoplus] femur-rubrum DeGeer in

_ Virginia.

4 _ Blistering beetles. (Country gentleman.’ July 26,1877. 42: 476°")

7” Brief notice of Epicauta cinerea Foerst and Lytta [Cantharis] nuttalli Say, on

potatoes and beans.

On a new species of Cossus. (Canadian entomologist. July 1877.
9:129-30)

Description of Cossus centerensis Lintn.
- Carpet bug. (Country gentleman. Aug. 2, 1877. 42:4917")

General account of Anthrenus scrophulariae Linn.
; Grape vine hog caterpillar. (Country gentleman...” Sep. 6 1og7.
4.2:571**)

Short notice of Darapsa [| Ampelophaga] myron Craw.

_ Pernicious corn insect—the Indian Cetonia. (Country gentleman.
Remit, Lory. 142: 585°°)

: Injuries by Cetonia [Euphoria] inda Linn. to corn and fruit.

Aphis in wheat. (Country gentleman. Dec. 6, 1877. 42:77974)

c.. Aphis infesting the stalks of young wheat can not be Aphis avenae Fitch
_ [Nectarophora granaria].

_ Pea weevil. (Country gentleman. Dec. 6, 1877. 42:780”)

Bruchus scutellaris Fabr. [chinensis Linn.] is identified as the weevil infest-
: ing peas in Virginia. |

Hessian fly. (Country gentleman. Jan. 24, 1878. 43:55*°)

™% . . . . .
Gives a brief account of Cecidomyia destructor Say.

Aquatic worm. (Country gentleman. Jan. 31, 1878. 43:72)

i ‘Animalculae’ sent from a well in Winsted, Ct., are described briefly but can
not be identified.

Grain aphis (Country gentleman. Ap. rr, 1878. 43:2324)

Aphis avenae [Nectarophora granaria] is identified from Bellbuckle, Tenn.

318 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Insect for name. (Country gentleman. Ap. 18, 1878. 43: 248%?)

Flat oval eggs of Phylloptera [Amblycorypha] oblongifolia on grapevine are
identified.

Insects for name. (Country gentleman. Ap. 25, 1878. 43: 264”)
Beetles plowed up in hundreds are the common June bug, Lachnosterna fusca
Frobl. and Phyllophaga pilosicollis Knoch [ Lachnosterna tristis Fabr.]
Raspberry cane borer. (Country gentleman. May 23,1878. 43: 328%)
Girdling of raspberry canes is referred to Oberea tripunctata [bimaculata
Oliv. ].
Two beetles. (Country gentleman. May 30, 1878. 43: 3447°)
Brief notice of Chrysomela trimaculata [Doryphora clivicollis Kirby] and
Coptocycla guttata Oliv. [signifera Herbst].
Insects for name. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1878. 43: 376%)

Bibio albipennis, Dermestes lardarius, Aphis avenae [Nectarophora granaria]
are identified.

Peach twig moth. (Country gentleman. June 27, 1878. 43:4077)

General account of Anarsia lineatella Zeller.
Grape vine coccus. (Country gentleman. July 4, 1878. 43: 423%)
Brief mention of a scale on grape vines.
Insects in Illinois. (Country gentleman. ‘July 4, 1878. 43:4257°)
Insects sent from Champaign co., Ill, are identified as Lecanium acericola
[probably an erroneous referevce of Pulvinaria innumerabilis Rathv. ].
Apple bark and pear blight beetles. (Country gentleman. July 18,
1o7o5. 43-455")

Notice of Xyleborus pyri Peck [dispar Fabr.] and Crypturgus [Monarthrum]
mali Fiteh.

Cockscomb elm gall. (Country gentleman. July 18, 1878. 43:455”)
Brief account of Byrsocripta [Glyphina] ulmicola Fitch.
Apple tree insect. (Country gentleman. July 25, 1878. 43:471')
Larvae in crevices of a limb, apparently hymenopterous, can not be iden-
tified.
Maple bark scale insect—Lecanium acericorticis | Pulvinaria innumerab-
tis}. (Country gentleman. July 25, 1878. 43:471"")
General account of this insect, giving previous history, habits and remedies.
Preface and notes to the genera of the Hesperidae of the European
faunal region, by Dr Speyer. (Canadian entomologist. July, August
and September 1878. 10: 121, 122, 123-24, 125, 126, 146, 151, 163,
169)
Introduction and corrections to the above paper.

Phylloxera. (Country gentleman. Aug. 1, 1878. 43: 48873)

Brief notice of Phylloxera vastatriz [vitifoliae].

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 319

Burrowing beetle — Cebrio bicolor. (Country gentleman. Aug. 8, 1878.
3 43: 507°)
Beetle is identified and its habits given. :
Ugly bee slayer. (Country gentleman. Aug. 29, 1878. 43: 5511)
ow — Account of Phymata erosa [wolfii] capturing butterflies, bees, etc.
_ Squash vine borer. (Country gentleman. Aug. 29,1878. 43: 57174)
2 Notice of Melittia cucurbitae |Har. [s atyriniformis Hiibn.] attacking squash
Ee vines. ;
_ Phylloxera. (Country gentleman. Aug. 29, 1878. 43: 551%)
“ Galls on grape leaves are identified as those of Phylloxera vastatrix
[vitifoliae].
_ New carpet beetle—Anthrenus scrophulariae. (Entomological contri-
butions. June 1878. 4: £5~23, figure. American naturalist.. Aug-
ust 1878. 12: 536-44. New York state museum of natural history.
30th annual report. 1878. p. 127-35)
General account of the discovery aud life history of this insect, with,
F remedies.
4 Report on the insects and other animal forms of Caledonia creek, N. Y.
(New York fishery commission. roth annual report, 1877 and 1878.
ip. 12-36, pl. 1-2. Also, separate, with title page and cover, p. 1-25,
me pl. «2, August 1878)
q Extended report of the forms of life inhabiting the waters of the creek
with special reference to their value as food for fishes.
3 Annual address of the president [of the Entomological club of the
a American association for the advancement of science, at St Louis,
Mo., Aug. 20, 1878]. (Canadian entomologist. September 1878.
mers. 37 170) .
. Review of progress and the present status of entomology.
@elurmmip flea beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 12, 1878. 43: 5837) .
7 Larvae destroying turnips are identified as those of Haltica striolata
: [ Phyllotreta vittata Fabr.]. :
Carpet beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 12,1878. 43: 583°)
a Brief general notice of Anthrenus scrophulariae.
y Harlequin cabbage bug. (Country gentleman. Sep. 26, 1878.
pea 61 6"*)
ia An insect destroying cabbages, Murgantia histrionica Hahn, is noticed
| briefly.
_ Cabbage aphis. (Country gentleman. Nov. 14, 1878. 43:72718)
Aphis attacking turnips, Aphis brassicae Linn., is indentified and remedies
indicated.

320 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Economic entomology during the year 1877. (New York state agricul- |

tural society. 37th annual report. 1878. p. 37-39. — Transactions.
1877-82. 1884. .33:17—20)

Importance of economic entomology with notices of Nephopteryx [ Pinipestis]

zimmermani aud Cossus centerensis.

Contribution to the economical entomology of the year 1876. (New York
state agricultural society. Transactions. 1872-76. 1878. 32:236-43)
[Paper presented at the annual meeting . of the state agricultural
society, Jan. 17, 1877] (Country gentleman. May 31, June 7, 1877.
47: 347%, 363") ,

Notices army worm, Leucania unipuncta, Colorado potato beetle, grape seed
fly, new carpet beetle, Anthrenus scrophulariae, and an unknown insect tunnel-
ing potatoes.

Description of a new species of Avzsofa. (Canadian entomologist. Jan-
uary 1879. 1: 10-12) ;

Anisota [Sphingicampa] bisecta is described.

Peach tree borer. (Country gentleman. Mar. 27, 1879. 44: 1997)

Notice of the peach tree borer and plum eurculio.

Clover seed fly —a new insect pest. (American naturalist. March
1879. 13: 190) :

Notice of a paper treating of Cecidomyia trifolii [leguminicola].

Clover seed fly — a new insect pest. (Canadian entomologist. March
1879. 11:44-45; Entomological society of Ontario. Annual report.
1879. p. 28-30)

Account and description of Cecidomyia trifolii [leguminicola]-

Poduridae (spring tails) in a cistern. (Country gentleman. May 22,

1879. 44: 32721) i
Notice of Lipura fimetaria [ Aphorura armata] aud an allied species [probably
Achorutes diversiceps| observed at Center, N. Y.

Two spotted lady bug. (Country gentleman. June 26, 1879. 44:4071%)

Beetle mistaken for the carpet bug, is Coccinella bimaculata [ Adalia bipune-

tata Linn. ]

Strawberry borers. (Country gentleman. June 26,1879. 44: 40774)
‘Worms’ infesting strawberry rovts are identified as the strawberry crown
borer, Anarsia lineatella.
Golden tortoise beetle. (Country gentleman. June 26, 1879. 44: 407”)
Beetles on potato vines, Cassida aurichalcea Fabr. [Coptocycla bicolor Fabr. }
are identified.
Grape vine galls. (Country gentleman. June 26, 1879. 44:4077')
Galls on grape vine are those of Lasioptera vitis Osten Sacken.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 321

_ Entomological contributions — no. 4. New York state museum of natu-
ral history. 30th report. 1879. p. 117-254. Separate, in advance
of the report, with title page, table of contents, index and cover, June

1878. 144 p.

Contents
x PAGE
3 = On Mermis acuminata Leidy.-.-- WEEE EV SAIN Ss TE Oe 5
_ 2 New carpet bug —Anthrenus scrophulariae Linn...........---.----.--2+- 15
3 Isosoma [ Evoxysoma] vitis Saunders — the grape seed fly.-.-..----..----- 24
4 List of Lepidoptera, collected by W. W. Hill, in the Adirondack region of
MON Een crise = Seio, aoe Sse psn Gis ca Sate) nepeine adie Sn ole a Sem ew 29
5 Collections of Noctuidae, at-Scheneetady;N- ¥3 in 18752. 74.2 °2 2 48
4 6 On some Lepidoptera common to the United States and Patagonia ._._.. 52
7 On Lycaena neglecta Edw. [Cyaniris pseudargiolus var.]..-..--.-----.- ‘Sere .Ue
8 Descriptions of two new species of California butterflies (Lycaena lotis
2 [Cyaniris pseudargiolus var.] and Pamphila osceola) ...-..-..---------- ae |
9 Onsome species of Nisoniades (N. [? Thanaos] pacuvius n. sp., N. [? Thanaos]
4 funeralis Scudd.-Burg., N. [Thanaos] tristis Boisd., N. [?Thanaos]

afranius n. sp., N. [Thanaos] icelus Lintn., N. [Thanaos] brizo Boisd.-
Lee., N. [Thanaos] martialis Seudd., N. [Thanaos] persius Scudd.,

: invades | juvenalis Pabrey2 25... Fs.n ae ale Fas ec ae cee nee 60
& 10 Transformations of Nisoniades [| Thanoas] lucilius Lintn ...-...----..-.. 67
ie Description of Hudamus epigena Butler [epigona H.-S.] ......-.-.-..----- 69
Ss 12 Systematic arrangement of the European and some American Hesperidae. 71
18 Notes on Notodonta dictaea [Pheosia dimidiata] ...-.- Jags ca eee 76

; 14 On some new species of Cerura (C. occidentalis, C. aquilonaris [scolopen-
drina Boisd.] and C. candida [scitiscripta Walk.] Also of C. borealis Boisd.) 82

15 On Caradrina jpedicularia Morr. [muliifera Walk.]...-...--- ---- -<-- EReR 89
mmbarya ot Homohadend badistriga Grote ..-..---.--- ------ ------------ee- 93
ay Descriptions of two new species of Xylina [X. lepida and X. uwnimoda] . 95
218 Bien on Circulia taciijica Wintn.)..--)2..-.-.- 22-2 ol. oso eee eee ok 98

a 19 Notes on Catocala pretiosa Lintn. [var. of C. crataegi Saund.] ...-..----- 100

3 Zeon anew species of Hypocala (7. hillt]-. ..---24.-. -.22 1- one ene cee ee 103

_ 21 On the identity of Homoptera lunata and H. edusa....... - eRe yess 108

B29 On the identity of two forms of Hypenidae (Tortricodes bifidalis and T.

« mamisalis| Gaberasa ambigualis Walk.] _.j0.-.-. 0222. we co. eee eee 110

a Descriptions of two new species of Phalaenidae (Acidalia [ Eois] lacteola

4 and Cidaria packardata [| Hustroma populata Linn.]..----..------------- 112

24 New logalitytor brephosinfans Moesch. . -. 2.2.04 0.24)... <0 seem ai ose ses 115

_ 25 Notes of captures of Lepidoptera in 1876, rare to the vicinity of Albany.. 118
26 Notes on some Lepidoptera (Grapta [Polygonia] satyrus Edw. Lycaena

4 [Cyaniris] pseudargiolus Boisd.—Lee., Agrotis nigricans var. maizii

Fitch [Carneades tessellata Harr.], Agrotis [Carneades] perpolita Morr.,

Agrotis cupida Grote [Rhynchagrotis anchocelioides Guen.], Agrotis [ Rhyn-

chagrotis| brunneicollis Grote, Cucullia intermedia Speyer, Xylina thaxteri

Grote var., lambda, Hypena humuli Fitch, Depressaria lecontella Clem.,

322 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

PAGh
27 On some species of Cossus (Cossus reticulatus n. sp. [Prionoxystus robiniae

Peck], C. undosus nu. sp., C. plagiatus Walk. [ Prionoxystus robiniae], C.
crepera Harr. [ Prionoxystus robiniae], C. querciperda Fitch, [ Prionoxystus
maomurtre: Guer,)|) 2-02-25 -55 220 bo>ce> a See Soe — Se 130

Army worm—Zeucania unipuncta Haw (Country gentleman. July 3,
1879. 44: 422™—-23™)
General account of tbe insect, giving description, life history and parasites.

Corn curculio—Sphenophorus zeae Walsh [sculptilis Uhler|. (Country
gentleman. July 10, 1879. 44: 43971.)
Brief genera] notice ot this insect.
Clover seed fly. (Country gentleman. July 17,1879. 44: 455")
Cecidomyia leguminciola proposed, as C. trifolii is preoccupied.
Grape vine bark louse—Lecanium vitis Linn. |Pulvinaria innumerabilis
Rathv.]. (Country gentleman. July 17, 1879. 44:4557%)
Seale insect on grape vine is identified and briefly noticed.
Striped blister beetle. (Country gentleman. July 31, 1879. 44: 4877)

Epicauta vittata Fabr. is briefly treated as a potato pest.

Inquiries about ants and beetles. (Country gentleman. July 31, 1879.
44: 4877")

The following are noticed: Formica novaeboracensis Fitch [Camponotus her-
culaneus Linn.], Coptocycla aurichalcea Fabr. [bicolor Fabr.] and Melanotus
fissilis Say.

On Cecidomyia leguminicola.. (Canadian entomologist. July 1879. 11:
121-24)
C. leguminicola proposed for C. trifolii which is preoccupied.

Stalk borer — Gortyna |Hydroecia| nitela Guen. (Country gentleman.
Aug. 7, 1879. 44: 503”)
General notice of this insect, giving its life history and remedies.
Two carpet bugs. (Country gentleman. Aug. 7, 1879. 44:503%)
Larvae from beneath carpets are Anthrenus scrophulariae Linn. and Atta-
genus megatoma Fabr. [ piceus Oliv. ]

Wheat stem maggot—Meromyza americana Fitch. (Country gentleman.
AUG 221, ao07G. 44-535")

General notice of the insect and its allies.

Carpet beetle. (Country gentleman. Aug. 21, 1879. 44:535*%)
Anthrenus scrophulariae received from Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Earth worm—Luméricus terrestris Linn. (Country gentleman, Sep. 4,
1879. 44:567 )

Gives life history and habits so far as known. :

nal

p>,

om

|
we,

mer.

4

LINTNER : ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 323

Annual address of the president [of the Entomological club of the Ameri-
can association for the advancement of science, at Saratoga, N. Y.,
Aug. 26, 1879]. (Canadian entomologist. September 1879. 11:
163-75; Entomological society of Ontario. Annual report, 1879. p.
11-18; American entomologist. January, February 1880. 3: 16-19,
30-34) 2

Mainly a notice of the principal publications and investigations in ento-
mology during the preceding year.

Two pests of the clover plant. (Country gentleman. Oct. 2, 1879.
44.7631) 3
Notice of the injuries to clover by Hylesinus [ Hylastes] trifolii Mull, and Ceci-
domyia leguminicola Lintn.
Apple tree insect. (Country gentleman. Oct. 9, 1879. 44: 64878)
Coleopterous larva on an apple tree can not be identified.
Coccus on peach trees. (Country gentleman. Oct. 23,1879. 44: 6797")
Short notice of Lecanium persicae Modeer [nigrofasciatum Perg. ]
Grape insect. (Country gentleman. Oct. 23,1879. 44: 6794)
Brief mention of a caterpillar (Procris [Harrisina] americana Guer. See
below)
Dung beetle. (Country gentleman. Oct. 30, 1879. 44: 695*°)
Brief aceount of the tumbler bug, Aphodius inquinatus Herbst, and allied
species.
Five spotted sphinx. (Country gentleman. Oct. 30, 1879. 44: 696°)
Tobaceo worm, Sphinx quinquemaculata Haw. [ Phlegethontius celeus Hiibn. |
identified and its habits given. :
Apple tree insects. (Country gentleman. Nov. 6, 1879. 44: 711°)
Treats of two larvae infesting apple trees, one is probably a Chrysobothris.
Grape insect—/rocris | Harrisina| americana Guer. (Country gentle-
mani Nov.'6;. 1879... 44:: 711°)
Brief general account.
Coccus on peach trees—Lecanium persicae |nigrofasciatum Perg.|
(Country gentleman. Nov. 6, 1879. 44: 711°)
Identified and synonymy given.
Fitch biological collection of the New York state agricultural society.
(Psyche. September—December 1879. 2: 275-76)
Describes the arrangement and character of the collection made by Dr
Fitch and states that the Homoptera alone bave escaped destruction.
Pickled fruit fly—Dvosophila ampelophila. (Country gentleman, Jan. 1,
1880. 45:7°)

Life history and habits with notice of other species.

324 | NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Rat tail larva of a syrphus fly. (Country gentleman. Jan. 22, 1880.

45:55") |
Larvae taken from decaying mold are probably those of Merodon bardus
Pack. [MVallota posticata Fabr.].

Report on some injurious insects of the year 1878. [Address delivered
at the annual meeting of the New York state agricultural society,
Jan. 22, 1879] _ (New York state agricultural society. 38th annual
report. 1880. p. 61~72—-Separate, with title page and cover, p. 14
[January] 1880. Also, in (New York state agricultural society,
Transactions. 1877-82. 1884. 33:97—112)

Importance of the study of inseets; Cecidomyia trifoliit n. sp. [leguminicola]
is described, Anthrenus scrophulariae, Pulex irritans, Euryomia | Huphoria] inda
and Anarsia lineatella are noticed. ;

Poduridae (spring tails) in a well. (Country gentleman. Feb. 12, 1880.
45:103™)

Species identified as Lipura fimetaria [ Aphorura armata] and briefly noticed.

New wheat pest. (Country gentleman. Feb. 19, 1880. 45:12079)
Cicadula [Limotettix] exitiosa is recorded as an insect injurious to wheat.
Entomology in America in 1879. (American entomologist. January

and February 1880. 3: 16-19, 30-34)

Presidential address before the Entomological club of the American asso-
ciation for the advancement of science. Gives a review of progress during the
year.

Apple curculio—Axnthonomus | Tachypterus| guadrigibbus Say. (Country
gentleman. Mar. 4, 1880. 45: 150*’—51!°)

General account of the insect, including life history, distribution and
remedies.

Worms in rose pots — Larvae of Azb70 albipennis. (Country gentleman.
inna. ao0.0: A 16yt)

Larvae are indentified as probably those of Bibio albipennis.

New wheat pest. (Country gentleman. Mar. 11, 1880. 45: 16779)

Not known whether Cicadula [ Limotettix] exitiosa will attack clover in
wheat fields.

Natural history of bacteria. (Country gentleman. Mar. 25, 1880.
45 : 203-4")
Gener account of the nature of various bacteria.
Raspberry gouty gall beetle. (Country gentleman. Ap. £, 1é@on

45: 215")
Brief notice of Agrilus ruficollis Fabr.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 325

_ Wheat insects. (Country gentleman. Ap.15, 1880. 45:247)
ce Habits of Siphonophora avenae [Nectarophora granaria], the work of its
Chalcid parasites, etc.

: 4 Apple leaf Bucculatrix —Bucculatrix pomifoliella Clemens. (Country

gentleman. Ap. 22, 1880. 45: 2637)
a _ General account of the insect, giving life history and remedies.
Diseased quince twigs. (Country gentleman. Ap. 22 1880. 45:
ee 264")

ae There is no evidenee of insect attack.
_ Poisonous centipede — Cermatia [Scutigera| forceps Raf. (Country

gentleman. May 13, 1880. 45: 3117)
Brief notice of its abundance in Albany.

id
*
-

ee

a Rose bug —WMacrodacty lus subspinosus Fabr. (Country gentleman.
‘June 24, 1880. 45: 40714) |

General account of this pest, giving habits, preventives and remedies.

ce |.

aes

_ Tallow to preserve insect collections. (American entomologist. June

s — 1880. . 3: 145-46)

5
>

3 The value of tallow as a repellant to various insects.

Fi. Carpet bug —Anthrenus scrophulariae Linn. (Johnson’s natural history,
=. © by S.G. Goodrich. 1880. 2: 651-52, fig. a—d)

‘ : General account, giving its discovery in this country, life history and
remedies.

Potato beetle—Coftocycla clavata Fabr. (Country gentleman. July 1,
eee 1650. 45: 423")

e: Short notice as a potato insect.

Cut worm moth. (Country gentleman. July 1, 1880. 45: 42415)

sg Larva of Agrotis [Noctua] clandestina Harris is identified and habits given.
a _Eggs of army worm. (Country-gentleman. July 1, 1880. 45: 42426)

a Eges of Leucania unipunceta are identified.
White grub .worm—Lachnosterna fusca Frohl. (Country gentleman.

July 8, 1880. 45:439"*)
Records injuries by the grubs to lawns, remedies given.
a Hessian fly. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1880. 45: 439")

- Brief general notice of Cecidomyia destructor Say.

A leafeater. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1880. 45: 439%)
Insect is identified as the hairy necked leaf eater, Phyllophaga pilosicollis
Knoch [Lachnosterna tristis Fabr.].

Squash borer. (Country gentleman. July 15, 1880. 45:455%5)
4 General account of Aegeria cucurbitae Harris [ Melitlia satyriniformis Hiibn.]
is given.

326 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Stalk borer. (Gortyna | Hydroecia] nitela Guen.). (Country gentleman.
July 22, 1880. 45:4721%)

Record of injury to potatoes by this species.

Striped blister beetle— Epzcauta vittata. (Country gentleman. July 29,
1880. 45: 488))

Beetles recorded as destructiveio potatoes in Cayuga co., and about Albany.

Basket worm— 7hyridopleryx ephemeraeformis. (Country gentleman.
Aug. 19, 1880. 45: 535%)

Larva and moth described and remedies indicated.

Basket or bag worm— Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis. (Country gentle-
man. Sep. 30, 1880. _ 45 :631*°)

Reported as destroying arbor vitae hedges—habits and remedies given.
Caterpillars on the Ampelopsis. (Country gentleman. Oct 7, 1880.
45: 647°)

Two blue caterpillars are identified as Alypia octomaculata and Eudryas
[Euthisanotia] grata, remedies are given.

Harlequin cabbage bug—Murgantia histrionica Hahn. (Country gentle-
man. Oct. 21, 1830,...45 3,079")

General account of its spread northward and remedies.

Two spotted tree hopper—Luchophyllum binotatum | Enchenopa binotata\.
(Country gentleman. Nov. 4, 1880. 45: 7111)

Several stages described and the food plants and remedies given.

Flour paste flies. (Country gentleman. Nov. 18, 1880. 45: 743%)

Flies bred from flour paste are referred to Drosophila ampelophila.

Lepidoptera of the Adirondack region. Collected by W. W. Hill in
1875-78. (Progress of the topographical survey of the Adirondack
region of New York. 7th annual report, by Verplanck Colvin.
Albany 1880. p. 375-400. Separate, with title page and cover [No-
vember] 1880. p. 375-400)

Records 415 species collected, with sexes and dates of collection, and gives
interesting facts about those taken.

Report on some injurious insects of the year 1879. [Presented to the
New York state agricultural society at its annual meeting, Jan. 21,
1880] (New Yorkstate agricultural society. 39th annual report, 1880.
Pp. 35-55) Also,in (New York state agricultural society. Transactions
for 1877-82. 1884. 33: 142-64, fig. 4)

After prefatory remarks the following insects are discussed: the clover
seed midge, Cecidomyia leguminicola Lintnu.; clover root borer, Hylesinus
[ Hylastes] trifolii Mill. ; wheat stem maggot, Meromyza americana Fitch ; corn
cureulio, Sphenophorus zeae [sculptijis]; stalk borer, Gortyna [| Hydroecia] nitela

Guen.; apple tree case bearer, Coleophora malivorella Riley, coneluding
with a notice of the entomologic labors of Dr Asa Fitch.

PR Oe Oe ee a Ge ee ee eee ed

‘LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 327

[Address before the farmers’ club of Onondaga co., N.Y., Dec. 4, 1880]
(Syracuse morning standard. Dec. 6, 1880. p. 4)
General account of the value of ecomomic entomology.
Bean weevil — Bruchus fabae Riley [obtectus Say]. (Country gentleman.
Naor a S.0.4. 405 775)
Brief notice of its spread in this country and remedies,
Flight of Ephemera. (Country gentleman. Jan. 6, 1881. 46: 7”)

Records a remarkable flight of Ephemeridae or day-flies.

On the importance of entomological studies. (Papilio. Jan. 15, 1881.
2)
Sbown by the literature and its relation to an extensive agriculture.
Description of a new species of Eudamus. (Canadian entomologist.
April 1881. 13:63-65) Republished in (Injurious and other insects
the state of New York. 1st annual report, 1882. p. 338-39)
Describes Eudamus [ Thorybes] electra, from an example captured in Ham-
ilton, Ontario.
‘Asparagus beetle—Cvzoceris asparagi Linn. (Country gentleman. Ap.
4 fool. 40: 243")
General account of its introduction, spread, life history aud remedies.
Army worm. ‘The invasion of northern New York by this destructive
pest. (Albany evening journal. May 23, 1881. p. 3; Country gentle-
man. (june 2, 1881... 46: 359!)
Describes the ravages of a caterpillar [Crambus vulgivagellus Clem.],
and indicates remedies.
On some ‘species of Nisoniades. (Papilio. May 1881. 1:69-74.
Separate, June 1881. p. 1-6) Republished in ({njurious and other
insects of the state of New York. 1st annual report, 1882. p. 333-37)

Describes Nisoniades [ ?T hanaos] naevius, and N. [ ?Thanaos ] petronius
and N. [Thanaos] somnus and gives notes on N. [ ?Thanaos | propertius, N.

_[?Lhanaos | juvenalis, N. [Thanaos] icelus, Eudamus nevada [mexicana] and
Eudamus proteus.

‘Army worm’ invasion of northern New York. (St Lawrence republi-
can. June 8, 1881. p. 51)
General notice of the operations and habits of the caterpillars [Crambus
vulgivagellus Clem.], some are identified as Nephelodes violans Guen. [var. of
N. minians Guen. |

A new insect pest —not the army worm. (Country gentleman. June 9
BOSE. 40's 2783")

Insect in northern New York identified as Nephelodes violans Guen.
[var. of N. minians Guen. ]

328 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Insects on plum trees. (Country gentleman. June 9,1881. 46: 376%)

Notices Bibio femoratus and the plum cureulio.

Mites in clothing. (Country gentleman. June 9g, 1881. 46:3767)

Mites in a box of clothing were probably Bryobia pratensis.

Late insect invaders of northern New York. (Albany evening journal.
July 1, 1881)
Larvae collected at Potsdam have been identified as Nephelodes violans
Guen. [var. of N. minians Guen.] and Crambus exsiccatus Zeller [trisectus
Walk.].

Orchard caterpillar. (Country gentleman. July 14, 1881. 46:455*°)

Apple tree tent caterpillar, Clisiocampa americana Fabr., is noticed.

Worms on tomatoes. (Country gentleman. July 14, 1881. 46:456%)
‘Light brown worm or fly,’ can not be named without examples of the
insect.
Pear tree blight. (Middleburgh gazette. July ? 1881)

Pear blight is described and treatment indicated.

Insects and fungus on quinces. (Country gentleman. Aug. 18, 1881.
46:535"°)

Quince curculio, Conotrachelus crataegi Walsh, the appleworm, Carpocapsa
pomonella Linn. and a fungus, Roestelia aurantiaea [aecidial form of Gymnos-
porangium clavipes], are noticed.

Insect pest. Preservation of our shade trees from its ravages. (Albany

evening journal. Aug. 31, 1881)

General account of the white marked tussock moth, Orgyia [ Notolophus]
leucostigma.

Insects on strawberry roots. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 1881. 46:
583")

Unable to identify the insect without examples.

Apple leaf cluster cup fungus. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 1881.
46: 583”)
Brief notice of the fungus, Oecidiwm pyratum-Schw. [aecidial form of Gym-
nosporangium macropus |}. |
Beetle on the tomato. (Country gentleman. Sep.8, 1881. 46: 584%)

Ash gray blister beetle, Epicauta cinerea Forst. is recorded on the tomato.

Crambus vulgivagellus in northern New York. (St Lawrence republican.
sep. 14, 1881) .
Notes on this species—it is the depredator, not Nephelodes violans Guen.
[var.-of N. minians Guen. ]

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 329

___Injurious insects, with special notice of some new insect pests. [Read
before the New York state agricultural society at. Elmira, Sep. 13,
1881| (Husbandman [Elmira, N. Y.]- Sep. 14, 1881. p. 3, 6, 7 —
5 col; Country gentleman. Sep. 29,1881. 46: 63174; Oct. 6, 1881.
p. 64718. Republished in New-York state agricultural society. 41st
annual report, 1881. Albany [August] 1882. p. 40-50. New York
state agricultural society. Transactions, 1877-82. 1884. 33: 221-34)
The following insects are noticed : vagabond Crambns, Crambus vulgivagellus
- Clem., punctured clover leaf weevil, Phytonomus punctatus fabr. and a pyralid
web caterpillar, Hurycreon rantalis Guen. [Loxostege similalis Guen. ]
Vagabond Crambus. (Ogdensburg [N.Y.]| daily journal. Sep. 21, 1881)
This popular name proposed for Crambus vulgivagellus Clem., and remedies
given. ~
Grass eating grub. (Country gentleman. Sep. 22, 1881. 46: 615”)
Injuries by the white grub, Lachnosterna fusca, to grass, with remedies.

Barn beetle— LZathridius pulicarius Mels. [ruficollis Marsh.| (Country
gentleman. Sep. 29, 188i. 46: 63274) )

Beetle infesting a barn is referred to this species.

Remarkable invasion of northern New York by a pyralid insect, Cramédus
vulgivagellus. |Abstract of a paper read before the American associa-
tion for the advancement of science, at its Cincinnati meeting, in
August 881] (Science. Oct. 1, 1881. 2:467; American associa-
tion for the advancement of science. Proceedings, 1881. 30: 267-68)

Gives the principal features of the recent remarkable abundance of this
insect and its injuries.

Peach pest—Largus succinctus. (Country gentleman. Oct. 13, 1881.

a 46 : 663")

Brief notice of this bug attacking nearly ripened peaches.

Insect enemies of the strawberry. (Country gentleman. Oct. 27, 1881.

46 : 695")

Notices the following insects: White grub, goldsmith beetle, Cotalpa
lanigera, Allorhina nitida, grape vine Colaspis, strawberry crown borer, straw-
berry aphis, and Paria aterrima Oliv. [Typophorus canellus Fabr.].

Insects of the clover plant. [Read before the New York state agricul-
tural society, at its annual meeting, Jan. 19, 1881] (New York state
agricultural society. 4oth Annual report. 1880. p. 10-26, fig. 1-6.
1881. Separate, with t. p. cover, p. 17, fig,6 [October] 1881) Re-
published in New York state agricultural society. Transactions, 1877—
82. 33: 187-207) .

Gives lists of insects depredating on clover and notices the following species
clover root borer, Languria mozardi Latr.; clover seed midge, Cecidomyia legum-
imicola Lintn.; clover leaf midge, Cecidomyia trifolii Loew; clover Oscinis,
Oscinis trifolii Burg,

330 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

On the life duration of the heterocera (moths). [Read before the Ameri-
can association for the advancement of science, at its Cincinnati meet-
ing, August 1881] (Canadian entomologist. November 1881. 13:
217-20) Republished in (Injurious and other insects of New York,
Ist annual report. 1882. p. 339-41)

Gives the life duration in the following families: Noctuidae, Attacinae of the

Bombycidae, Sphingidae.

Corn beetle. (Country gentleman. Nov. 3, 1881. 46: 711})
Beetle feeding on corn is identified as Lathridius pulicarius Mels. [ruficollis
Marsh ].
Cabbage Plusia—/lusia brassicae Riley. (Country gentleman. Nov. 3,
Pooks, Ag 71127)
General account of this mseet, giving injuries, life history and remedies.
On the life duration of the heterocera (moths). [Abstract of a paper
read before the A. A. A. S, at its Cincinnati meeting in August 188r|
(Science. Nov. 5,1881. 2:525; Proceedings of theA. A’ Avs) teem
‘30: 268-69)
Summary of the paper is given above.
Corn worm — Heliothis armigera |armiger| Hiibn. (Country gentle-
man. Nov. 24,1881. 46:759"%; Ontario county times. Nov. 24,
FOOL ots)

General notice of an attack on corn by this insect.

Habits of the Phylloxera. (Country gentleman. Dec. 17, 1881. 46:779}%)
Brief notice of Phylloxera vitifoliae on grape.

Bean weevil — Bruchus obsoletus Say [obtectus Say| (Country gentleman.

Wee. 6, 1601. 402795")

Brief account of this species and its allies.

Insects on sweet potato vines. (Country gentleman. Feb. 23, 1882.
47: 149")

Larvae infesting sweet potato vines are probably those of Coptocycla
aurichaleea Fabr. [bicolor Fabr. ]

Entomological— The anatomy of the mouth parts and the sucking
apparatus of some diptera. (Country gentleman. Feb. 23, 1882.
47: 151%)

Review of a paper by Mr George Dimmock on this subject.

Millions of grasshoppers in midwinter. (Albany evening journal. Feb.

25, 1882)

Notice of Tragocephala [Chortophaga] viridifasciatia on snow.

1
t &

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 331

Winter grasshopper— Zragocephala | Chortophaga] viridifasciata. (Country
gentleman. Mar. 9, 1882. 47 : 18974) .
A brief genera! notice of the insect.
Hickory borer— Cyllene pictus Drury. (Country gentleman. Mar. 9,
7o52. 47 3189)
zi Differences between this species and C. robiniae.
Apple leaf Bucculatrix. (Country gentleman: Mar. 16,1882.- 47: 20738)
Small white ribbed cocoons upon apple tree bark are those of Bucculatrix
pomifoliella Clemens.
New principle in protection from insect attack. [Read before the West-
ern New York horticultural society, at its annual meeting, Jan. 25
1882| (Western New York horticultural society. Proceedings. 1882’
p. 52-66. Separate, with one-half title page cover, 15 p. [ March, 1882])

Use of counterodorants as a preventive of insect attacks.
Insects that injure trees. (Country gentleman. Ap. 20, 1882. 47 : 3131°)
Notice of Dr Packard’s Insects injurious to forest and shade trees, being Bulle-
.

tin no. 7 of the U. 8S. entomological commission

White grub — Lachnosterna fusca Frohl. (Country gentleman. Ap. 27,
1882. 47: 333”)
General account of the insect.
Spring canker worm, Awzsopteryx | Faleacrita| vernata. (Country gentle-
man. May 18, 1882. 47: 393)

. Its distribution from Maine to Texas, and the various remedies.

Mites in timothy fields. (Country gentleman. May 18,1882. 47: 395)
Mite is probably Trombidium bicolor [Lryobia pratensis].
Leaf mining Anthomyiidae. (Canadian entomologist. May 1882.
14: 96-97. Entomological society of Ontario. 13th annual report.
HSo2. ) LOO3, Pp. ZT)

Chortophila [| Phorbia] floccosa Macq., and two new species are treated.
Grain aphis — Szphonophora avenae Fabr. | Nectarophora granaria Kirby ].
(Country gentleman. June 22,1882. 47: 493”)

General notice of attack by this species on wheat.

Apple tree case bearer. (Country gentleman. July 6, 1882. 47: 5351)
Caterpillar of Coleophora malivorella Riley identified, and 1emedies given.
Spring canker worm — Avisopteryx | Paleacrita| vernata Peck. (Country
gentleman. July 6, 1882. 47: 53374) ©
Injuries in New Canaan, Ct., and remedies indicated.
Rose bug. (Country gentleman. July 6, 1882. 47: 534°”)

Gives several remedies for Macrodactylus subspinosus.

332 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

17 year locust. (Ontario county times. July 12, 1882. 28: 3)
General account of Cicada septendecim in the state of New York.
New household pest— A #tagenus megatoma-F abr. | ficeus Oliv.|. (Country
gentleman. July 20, 1882. 47: 567%4)
General account of this carpet beetle.
Hessian fly inOhio. (Country gentleman. July 20, 1882. 47: 567%)
Attack by second brood, life history, remedies.
Bark beetle. (Country gentleman. © Aug. 3, 1882. 47: 605”)
Identification of Hymenorus obscurus Say, with notice of habits.
Stalk borer. (Country gentleman. Aug. 3, 1882. 47:605%*)
Gortyna [Hydroecia} nitela Guen. injurious to potatoes and corn, remedies.
Wire worms infesting potato vines. (Country gentleman. Aug. 10,
1ese. 4726257)
Brief notice of wire worms, Llateridae, infesting potatoes.
Horn tail borer—7Zremex columba Linn. (Country gentleman. Aug.
10, 1882. 47:62576) .
Notices injuries to maples by this species and Glycobius [Plagionotus]
speciosus, and the parasites, Rhyssa [ Thalessa] lunator and R. [ Thalessa] atrata.
Spotted horn bug. (Country gentleman. Aug. 27, 1882. - 47:64574)

General notice of Dynastes tityus.
Mites infesting a poultry house. (Country gentlemen. Aug. 17, 1-82.
2
47:645°°)
Mites are probably a common species, remedies are given.

New worm in apples. (Country gentleman. Sep. 21, 1882.- 47:745”)
White worm in early apples may be Sciara mali.

Black blister beetle— Zpicauta pennsylvanica DeGeer. (Country gentle-
man. Sep. 21,1882. 47:745°*7)
Beetle injurious to carrots and cabbages, remedies indicated.
Hag moth caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Sep. 21, 1882. 47:745%°)
Larvae of Phobetron pithecium Sm.-Abb. described and interesting facts
given.
New apple insect—Ampfidasys | Lycia| cognataria Guen. (Country gen-
tleman. Oct. 5, 1882. 47: 7857)

Brief account as an apple tree pest.

Destructive elm leaf beetle—Galerucella xanthomelaena Schrank |luteola
Miill.] (Country gentleman. Oct. 12, 1882. 47:805")
Identified from Bound Brook, N. J., and remedies given.

Rose leaf insect. (Country gentleman. Mar. 1, 1883. 48: 169”)
Caterpillar feeding on rose leaves is identified as Penthina nimbatana Clem.

' at
ees fa

; oy,
ei as aT

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 333

Of interest to flower growers —A new enemy found. (Troy daily times.
Ap. 2, 1883)

Discovery of a caterpillar, probably Plusia dyaus Grote ronahanee Guen. ],
feeding upon heliotrope, geranium, wandering jew (Tradescantia), etc.

Bean weevil. (Country gentleman. Ap. 19, 1883. 48: 317%)
j Identification and brief notice of Bruchus fabae Riley [obtectus Say].
Thousand legged worms in a nursery—Julus caeruleocinctus Wood.
7 (Country gentleman. May 24, 1883. 48: 421%)
a 2 General account of this species, giving characteristics, habits and remedies.
Curious ichneumon cocoons. (Country gentleman. June 14, 1883.
48: 48174)
Cocoons of Apanteles congregatus Say described; the habits and value of
allied species.

i ai

Onan egg parasite of the currant saw fly, ematus ventricosus Klug,
_ |Preronus ribesti Scop.|. (Psyche. 1883. 4: 48-51)

Account of Trichogramma pretiosa as a parasite of this saw fly.
Rearing lepidoptera. (Psyche. 1883. 4: 53, 13 cm)

Notices work of Mr S. L. Elliot and his success in rearing lepidoptera.
Book notice. (Psyche. 1883. 4: 53, 11 cm)

Notices the volume, [nsects injurious to fruits, by Mr William Saunders

as soon to be published.

_ . Codling moth of the apple. (Country gentleman. June 28,1883. 48:
4218) |

_ ____ Identification of Carpocapsa pomonella and remedies.

An interesting bug. (Country gentleman. June 28, (F833. AS: EoTAt)

Account of the beneticial habits of the ‘ wheel- bug,’ Prionotus [ Prionodus |
cristatus Linn.

= Maple tree scale insect—Lecanium es ennumerabilis Rathvon.

4 (Country gentleman. July 5, 1883. 48: 541°)

- General account of this species, giving life history, references to papers
treating on it and remedies.

___ Black long sting—/hyssa | Thalessa| atrata Fabr. (Country gentleman,

~—s- July 12, 1883. 48: 56128)

ws _ Characters of the species and its method of ovi position. .

. Hairworm, Vanessa, Alaus, Gordius and Mermis. (Country gentle-

.. man. July 19, 1883. 48: 581!)

a _ Gordius, Mermis, Vanessa [Huvanessa] antiopa and Alaus oculatus are briefly

a treated.

~ Oak moth—Anisota senatoria Sm.-Abb. (Country gentleman, July 26.
1883. 48: 601%)

_ Brief notice of this species,

334 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Captures of Feniseca tarqguinius Fabr. (Psyche. 1883. 4:75, 13 cm)
Number of examples collected at Keene Valley, N. Y., and one at Center,
NY. ?
{ Platygaster larva destroying galls of Ceczdomyza salicis-batatus| (Psyche.
1883. 4:79—7 cm)
Reference to Prof. D. S. Kellicott’s observations on the above.
[Collecting cut worms at evening with a light] (Psyche. 1883. 4: 80, .
Io cm)
Notice of collections made about dusk in the evening.

Grape pest—Procris | Harrisina| americana. (Country gentleman. Aug.
Z,-1063; -402 621")
Iusect in Champaign co., Ohio, description, remedies.
Potter wasp cells on grape leaves — Eumenes fraternus Say. (Country
gentleman. Aug. 9, 1883. 48: 641%)
Description of the cells and habits of the insect.
Frenching of corn. (Country gentleman. Aug. 16, 1883. 48: 661%)
Causes of frenching, a brief account of Sphenophorus sculptilis.
Striped squash beetle. (Country gentleman. Aug. 23, 1883. 48: 6817)
Brief account of Diabrotica vittata Fabr.
Carpet bug—Anthrenus scrophulariae. (Country gentleman. Aug. 23,
TOS AG: 1OOT 4)
Report of this larva injuring linen and silk goods doubted; remedies.
Pine emperor moth. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27, 1883. 48: 7817)
Larva of Eacles [Basilona] imperialis Drury is identified and habits given.
Saw fly larvae on quince. (Country gentleman. Oct. 4, 1883. 48: 8017)
Describes the larva of saw fly on quince leaves, and notices Vanessa [ Luvan-
essa antiopa and Adalia bipunctata.
Bark louse on willow. (Country gentleman. Oct.,4, 1883. 48: 8017)
Apple tree bark louse, Mytilaspis pomorum, recorded on Kilmarnock willow.
Chinch bug in northern New York. (Argus [Albany]. Oct. 10, 1883.
p. 3; Watertown [N. Y.] daily times. Oct. 12, 1883. [same article
copied] Country gentleman. Oct. 18, 1883. 48: 841” [same copied
nearly entire])
General account of Blissus leucopterus in northern New York, giving
appearance, ravages and remedies.
New enemy tothe farm. (Argus [Albany]. Oct. 10, 1883. p. 4, col.
3, 30 cm)
Recapitulation of the preceding paper slightly altered.

Chinch bug in New York. (Science. Oct. 19, 1883. 2:540, 16 cm)

Its detection in large numbers in St Lawrence co., N. Y.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS

Sek

Mole cricket. Octs 25; VS85.

Habits of Gryllotalpa borealis Burm. and remedies.

(Country gentleman. 48 : 861")

Directions for arresting the chinch bug invasion of northern New York.
(New York state museum of natural history: Department of entomo-
feeye Circular no. 14. October 1883. 3 p., fig. 1)

* Brief account emphasizing the necessity for remedial measures.

ist annual report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New

--York. Made to the state legislature, pursuant to ch. 377 of the laws

of 1881. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Company, printers. 1882.
22+381p., 84 fig. [issued in October, 1883]
Contents
PAGE PAGE
Importance of entomologic stady. 1 | Valuable insecticides .......---- 25-55
Insect depredations ....-........ 2-12 | Remedies for insect depredations. 56
Immense number of iusects.....-. 12 | Preventives of insect depredations 63
Necessity of a knowledge of insect New principle of protection from
[LI i Sete a imsect. attack Loss tengh=. eee. 66
2 4% Progress in economic entomol- Classiicatiom oo 055052 as a eb 78
MP ey dee dee ieuee ib-25 " Bibhioorapliy, +25 sn: ose ssc sae ouk 80
Injurious Lepidopterous insects
Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis, bag Crambus vulgivagellus, vagabond
GeAaskeh WOrmh sos 825uc-2 81 Cramblises- Sess ee eee 127
Tolype laricis, larch lappet....-.-- 87 | Crambus exsiccatus[trisectus Walk. ],
_ Nephelodes violans [var.of minians], Cried: Area Disa. oe a Se os 149
ManetoNephelodés ..-...-...---: 99 | Anarsia lineatella, peach twigmoth 151
Gortyna [Hydroecia] nitela, stalk Bucculatrix pomifoliella, apple leaf
“ULI. [8 Si 110 ibuceulatris 25s 5 32) 22a. o: 157
Heliothis armiger, coru worm .--.. 116 | Coleophora malivorella, apple tree
CAse WEANCL) o. tocrcache dt foie 163
Injurious Dipterous insects
Ou some species cof Anthomyiidae. 168 | Hylemyia deceptiva [Phorbia fusci-
Phorbia ceparum, onion fly .... .--- 172 ceps|, deceptive wheat fly ..---. 201
_ Phorbia cilicrura [fusciceps], lo- Anthomyia similis, similar wheat
: eust egg Anthomyian .......-.. 181 Phe tee. I. Jes IS. 202
Anthomyia [Phorbia] brassicae, Notice of some Anthomyians min-
eMC DY a a nie ns oS ecte alms Sele nd 184 ING -DEShlGAVESs .4i2-.- Jaseeele acs 203
Anthomyia radicum, root fly...---- 190) -Mallotanesiicata, +.4-.<-\sseass 2-6 211
‘Anthomyia raphami, radish fly..... 194 | Drosophila ampelophila, pickled
Anthomyia zeae [ Phorbia fusciceps], / STEN R88 ae BRR rete SD BRE 216
GO TID TY io oe nS wa cle ain oe 199 | Meromyza americana, wheat stem
PIG MOY .- aeee ees coe eS aetna 221

336

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Injurious Coleopterous insects

PAGE

Macrodactylus subspinosus, rose

beetle gig. cacti + Sass ses 227
Euphoria inda, Indian Cetonia -.-. 232
Crioceris asparagi, asparagus beetle 239

* PAGE
Phytonomus punctatus, punctured
clover leaf weeyil +.....35-2522e55 247
Sphenophorus sculptilis, sculptured
corn curculio —2.0..222eeeeeee 253

Injurious Hemipterous insects

Murgantia histrionica, harlequin

| Enchenopa binotata, two marked

Gabblase bug). soe eee eee ead, tree hopper. ¢,.2 ..2.2¢-e20seeeeeee
Poecilocapsus lineatus, four lined
Neat TO A eo ae hcg ek eee 271
Appendix

(A) Entomologic reports of Dr

On some species of Nisoniades

Agaribeine. syst See ee eee a 291 [Thanaos]........5 ee 333
Miscellaneous entomologic papers Description of a new species of
of Dr Piteh he: Je) Bk ae 297 Eudamus [ Thorybes electra] .--- 338
Notice of the entomologic labors On the life duration of the Hetero-
Omar sR Vel ee eee, A eer Soha 322 cera: (moths).= -- 2222-002 See 339
(B) Insect depredators upon the (D)-Adden@a. <<: -s2222227aeeeaee 343
AppletRee/ M62: 225 ssc S SRS 327 |.-General-index 222°... ee 345
(C) Descriptions and notes of Index to food plants ....-........ 379
lepitoptenac so oases e ete wees 333
Ant lion. (Country gentleman. Nov. 1, 1883. 48: 9811)

Gives an interesting account of the habits of several species of ant lions.

New corn pest—Megilla maculata. Nov." 22,
Loos. vase woqa”) =

Injurious habits of this species exceptional in the Coccinellidae.

(Country gentleman.

Apple maggot—Zrypeta pomonella. (New York agricultural experiment
station. Bulletin 75.

General account of this species, giving injuries, life history, remedies, and

Dec. 29, 1883, 110 cm)

_ mentions Sciara mali.

New sexual character in the pupae of some Lepidoptera, (Psyche.
1883. 4: 103~-6—Issued Feb. 11, 1884.) Abstract Im proceedimas
of the American association for the advancement of science, for the

Canada, August 1882, -1883. pt 2,

meeting held at Montreal,

31: 470-71.
On sexual characters among insects, specially of certain ones in the pupae
of the Cossidae and Aegeriadae.
Horn tail— Uvocerus cressoni. (Country gentleman. Jan. 3, 1884.

49:9")
Identified and habits briefly given,

LINI NER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 337

Fuller’s rose beetle — Avamigus fulleri. (Country gentleman. Jan. 17,
» ~—s«- 1884. 49: 49")
4 yeneral account of this insect, giving injuries, distribution, life history and
remedies.

ig
_ Lunate long sting — TZhalessa lunator Fabr. (Country gentleman,
_ mp. 27 1884... 49 233%")

Life history and habits of this species, with mention of its host, Tremex
columba. .

os

ce Insect attack ona Julus. (Canadian entomologist. April 1884. 16:80.

¥

7m)

Of a possible attack by ichneumon flies on a Julus.
_ Insect injury to grape vines. (Country gentleman. May 8, 1884. 49:
e397")
2 General account of injury by Oecanthus latipennis to grape vines.
_ Squash borers. (Country gentleman. May 8, 1884. 49:39774)
« _ _ Injuries to squash vines referred to Melittia cucurbitae Harris [satyriniformis
Hiibn. }. é

Punctured clover leaf weevil. (Country gentleman. May 29, 1884.

8

49:4577'; Ontario county times, extra. May 29, 1884)
e General account of Phytonomus punctatus Fabr., giving description of the
3 4 insect, and remedies.

) New clover pest—its ravages in the southern portion of Canandaigua.
- (Ontario county times, extra. May 29, 1884, 30cm. June 4, 1884.
Ze) p. 3, col. 4-5, 85 cm)

f Ravages of Phytonomus punctatus, and remedies for the pest.

= Corn cut worm. (New York agricultural experiment station. Bulletin
_ _—s-86.-~Geneva. May 31, 1884)

g Gives the methods of controlling cut worms.

ES White grub of the May beetle — Lachnosterna fusca. |Read before the
4 New York state agricultural society at the annual meeting, Jan. 16,

1884.| (New York state agricultural society. 43d annual report.
wesern {pune 5|- 1884. p. 20-37, fig. 5).
= General account of white grubs and the parent beetles.
_ Squash vine borer—1. Melittia cucurbitae Harr. [satyriniformis Hiibn.]
.: (Country gentleman, June 5, 1884. 49: 4777)

SS Describes caterpillar and moth, with remarks upon its family.
ys

, Squash vine borer — 2. (Country gentleman, June 12,1884. 49: 497")
. Life history, habits and injuries discussed.

i. Squash vine borer— 3. (Country gentleman. June 19, 1884. 49: 51714)
Treats of various remedies and preventives.

233°. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Bacon beetle — Dermestes lardarius. (Country gentleman. June 26,
TOS4= 1 49):-53 75)

Brief account of tbis species, giving description, habits and remedies.

Maple tree scale insect. (Country gentleman. July 3, 1884. 49: 556*°
Nee
Identifying Lecanium [Pulvinaria|] innumerabilis Rathv., and giving
remedies.
Spring canker worm—Avzisopteryx |FPaleacrita| vernata Peck. (Country
gentleman. July 10, 1884. 49: 57774)

Treats of the importance and means of arresting its spread.

Buffalo gnat. (Country gentleman. July 10, 1884. 49:577°%%)

General account of the species [Simulium invenustum].

Carpet bug. (Daily democrat [Amsterdam, N. Y.] July 21, 1884)

Gives deseription and habits of the insect, with remedies.

Elm tree beetle. (New York weekly tribune. July 23, 1884)

Destroying the larvae and pupae at base of trees recommended.

Carpet beetle—Avthrenus scrophulariae Linn. (Country gentleman.
AUIS. 14, 15042, 740 G070 377 >)
Gives its habits, habitat, injuries, materials eaten, transformations, pre-

ventives and remedies.

Insects mining beet leaves. (Country gentleman. Aug. 14, 1884. 49:
67722)
Attack on beet leaves referred to Anthomyians.
Peach root aphis. (Gardener’s monthly and horticulturist (Phil.) Sep-
tember 18840) 626227 1-72,°20 cm)
Root aphis on seedling peach trees is believed to be Myzus persicae Sulz.
[Aphis prunicola Kalt.] and remedies are given.
New rose pest— Homoptera lunata. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1884.
49: 737°)
Caterpillars of this species are recorded feeding on rose buds.
Jumping seeds. (Country gentleman. Sep. rr, 1884. 49:757%)

“ General notice of Carpocapsa saltitans and of other species.
White grub—Zachnosterna fusca. (Country gentleman. Sep. 11, 1884.
49:757°')
Starvation remedy is recommended.
Insect attack new to the state—J/sosoma tritici, on wheat, in Geneva.
(New York agricultural experiment station, Bulletin too. Geneva,
N: V.02Octr ai 1884)

Geveral account of the insect and its treatment.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 339

Stinging bug—WMelanolestes picipes H.-S. (Country gentleman. Oct.
Pet SOAn AOI87 7")

Melanolestes picipes H.-S., or ‘black corsair,’ Conorhinus sanguisugus LeC.,
Melanolestes abdominalis H.-S., Reduvius, [Opsicoetus] personatus Linun., and
Prionotus [ Prionodus] cristatus Linn. are mentioned.

Attack on the apple worm—A friend, not a foe. (Country gentleman.
Oct. 30, 1884. 49:8977)
Notice of Chauliognathus marginatus Fabr. feeding upon the apple worm—the

larva of Carpocapsa pomonella. Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus and Cono-
®
trachelus crataegi mentioned.

Clover insects. (New York state agricultural society. ‘Transactions,
1877-82. [October] 1884. 33:206—7)

Supplement to the paper on ‘The insects of the clover plant,’ in which are
named 24 additional species—making a total of 70.

White grub. (New England homestead. Nov. 8, 1884. 18:383,
Col 13)

Extended notice of white grubs, giving distribution, life history and
remedies.

Report of the state entomologist to the regents of the University of the
State of New York, for the year 1883. (New York state museum of
natural history. 37th annual report by the regents of the University
of the State of New York. [November] 1884. p. 45-60)

The following insects are noticed: Grapta [Polygonia] faunus, G. [Eugonia]
j-album, Feniseca tarquinius, Agrilus torpidus [anxius], Agrotis [Noctua] clan-
destina, Simulium molestum [venustum Say], Orgyia [Notolophus] leucostigma,
and Blissus lewcopterus.

Apple leaf Bucculatrix. (Husbandman [Elmira, N. Y.] Dec. 3, 1884.
INO= 537, 11 : 1)

General account of Bucculatrix pomifoliella.

On some Rio Grande Lepidoptera. (Papilio. 1884. 4: 135-47)
[Published February 1885]

Gives an annotated list of collectious made by Messrs Sennett and Webster
in 1877 and 1878, the following new species being described: Kricogonia
lanice, Apatura cocles, Sphinx insolita and Ecpantheria sennettii Lintn. [garzoni
Oberthur].

Scale insect attack on ivy. (Country gentleman. Feb. 26, 188s,
BO: 16077)
Identifies Aspidiotus nerii Bouché onivy and gives remedies.
Owl beetle — A/aus oculatus [subsequently proved to be A. myops]
(Country gentleman. Ap. g, 1885. 50: 307%)

Brief notice of the insect.

340 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies for the white grub. (New England homestead. May 16,

1SO5. | LOE 205, COl2)

Starvation, crops of buckwheat, mustard, are the remedies given.

Cut worms. [Read before the New York state agricultural society, at
the annual meeting, Jan. 21, 1885.] (New York state agricultural
society. 44th annual report. 1884. [May] 1885.> p. s6-80)) Ge:
I-20) (Separate, with cover and half title [June 1885] 25 p., 20 fig.)

Extended account of cut worms and their treatment.

Potato bug parasite. (New England homestead. June 6, 188s.
19: 227, COl. 2)
Mite infesting and killing Colorado potato beetles is identified as Uropoda -
americana Riley.
Visitation of locusts. (Argus [Albany], June 7, 1885)
Onthe appearance of the 17 year locusts in New York.
Pear blight beetle. (Country gentleman. June 18, 188s. 50: 517%3)
General notice of Xyleborus pyri [dispar]. a
Canker worm. (Country gentleman. June 18, 1885. s0:519%)
Notice of Anisopteryx [ Paleacrita] vernata Peck, with remedies.

Insect eggs on strawberries. (Country gentleman. June 25, 1885.
50: 537”)
Eggs of hemipteron can not be identified, Corimelaena pulicaria mentioned.
Plant lice, elm beetles, etc. (New England homestead. July 4, 1885.
19 :269, col. 1-2)
Schizoneura americana and Galeruca xanthomelaena [Galerucella luteola] noticed.
Apple tree bark louse. (New England homestead. July 4, 1665.
19: 269, col. 4-5)
Mytilaspis pomorum Bouché identified and remedies given.

Cut worm and onion maggot. (Country gentleman. July 9, 1885.
50:574°-75")

Remedies for cut worms—Anthomyia [ Phorbia] brassicae and Phorbia ceparum
are given.

Peach and ‘cherry borers: (Country gentleman. July “9, dooq.
SOR
Brief botice of Phloeotribus liminaris Harr. and Scolytus rugulosus Ratz.
Fig eater—_-Allorhina nitida. (Country gentleman. July 9, 1885.
50:575"")
Its habits are described briefly.
Round headed apple tree borer—Saferda candida Fabr. (Country
gentleman. July 16, 1885. 50:590*4—911*) }

Borers in hawthorn are probably this insect—several remedies are given.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 341

Entomological. [Answers to inquiries] (Country gentleman. July
EO.2TSSS, | 80:5g2")
Remedies are given for the potato beetle and rose bug.
Cause of black knot. (Country gentleman. July 23, 1885. 50:607'8)
It is produced by a fungus, Plowrightia morbosa.
Cucumber moth. (Country gentleman, July 23, 1885. 50:607°*°)
Notices Phakellura [Margaronia] nitidalis Cram., P. [Margaronia] hyalinata
and Melittia curcubitae Harr. [salyriniformis Hiibn.].
Apple insects and the Rhinoceros beetle. (Country gentleman. July
Go, °13o5. ~560 7623”)
Orgyia [Notolophus| leucostigma [subsequently emerged and proved to be
Acronycta sp.] and Dynastes tityus noticed.

Another potato pest. (New England homestead. Aug. 8, 1885. 19:
309, col. 3) :
Remedies are given for Macrobasis wnicolor Kirby.
Roestelia aurantiaca. (Country gentleman. Aug. 13,1885. 50: 661°)
Brief notice of the above fungus [aecidial form of Gymnosporangium clavi-
pes] occurring on quince.
False chinch bug. (Country gentleman. Aug. 13, 1885. 50: 661%)
Food plants and remedies for Nysius angustatus Uhler.
Bag worm—Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis. (Country gentleman, Oct.
feetess. 5a: 801°")
Gives the remedies for this insect.
Red spider— 7Ze¢ranychus telarius Linn. (Country gentleman. Oct. 8,
Poon. + 50: 521°)
Mite identified and remedies given.
13-year Cicada. (Argus [Albany]. Oct..11, 1884. p. 4, 32 cm)
Notices specially Riley’s experiment on the 13 and 17 year forms.
Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. Oct. 15, 1885. 50: 841%)
Galeruca xanthomelaena | Galerucella luteola] identified and remedy given.
Clubbed tortoise beetle. (Country gentleman. Oct. 15,1885. 50: 8414)
Appearance, habits and food plants of Coptocycla clavata Fabr.
Leaf mining insect. (Home Farm [Augusta, Me.] Oct. 15,1885. p. 1)
Brief notice of Chortophila [ Pegomyia] betarum Lintn.
Death watch—Clothilla pulsatoria. (Country gentleman. Oct. 22, 1885.
50 :861*)
Habits and occurrence of this species.
Eggs ofa katydid. (Country gentleman. Oct. 29, 1885. 50: 881%)

Notices Microcentrum retinervis and Platyphyllum concavum [Cyrtophyllus
concavus |.

342 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM
New insect foe to the cut worm. (New England homestead. Oct. 31,
Loos 19:40, Col..3 4)
Brief account of a cut worm parasite, a species of Gonia.
Saw fly on fruit trees. (Country gentleman. Nov. 12,1885. 50+ 921°)

Notices briefly an attack in Scotland by a saw fly, probably Eriocampa
adumbrata, and gives remedies.

2d report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York.
Made to the legislature, pursuant to ch. 377 of the laws of 1881.

Albany: Weed, Parsons & Co., legislative printers. 1885. 14+265p.,
68 fig. [Issued Feb. 20, 1886]
Contents
PAGE PAGE
IntroduGiioneiss= sacks eee oS. 1 | Remedies and preventives........ 24
Notes of various insect attacks.... 5 | Miscellaneous notes.....--...- BP

Injurious Lepidopterous insects

Melittia cucurbitae [satyriniformis], | Plusia dyaus? [rogationis Guen.].. 94

! Sdulashevine DOLCE. —<.4 = o6< eh =- d7 | Amphidasys [Lycia] cognataria,
Orgyia [Notolophus] leucostigma, currant Amphidasys -.----.----. S7
white marked tussock moth .... 68 | Sitotroga cerealella, Angoumois
Plusia brassicae, cabbage Plusia .. 89 moth 2b) 22 5.525. wee 102
Dipterous insects
Bibio albipennis, white winged Microdon globosus .. 2:2: 222s
PS UDLO Bees nae geo Seen tats ae 110 | Trypeta pomonella, apple maggot. 117
Injurious Coleopterous insects
Amphicerus bicaudatus, apple twig Tribolium ferrugineum ...--..----- 136
WNGheL Rs he ates eee See ee 125 | Brachytarsus variegatus.......-.... 139
Lema trilineata, three lined leat Aramigus fulleri, Fuller’s rose
DECI Gta setae dats Ona nd aoe Steed ace 132 beetle’: o. sj eh oe 142

Injurious Hemipterous insects

Cosmopepla carnifex ...----..----- 144 | Cicada septendecim, 17 year locust . 167
Blissus leucopterus, chinch bug.... 148 | Chermes pinicorticis, pine bark
Largus succinctus, margined Largus 164 Chermeés....22:2 4-2 4.< -eeeee 180
Orthopterous and Neuropterous insects
Chimarocephala [ Chortophaga] viri- Achorutes [Schoturus] nivicola,
difasciata, green striped locust. 187 | snow teas.) 52. se ee 203
Alropos dwimatoria..2. 2-62. 2=2- - 198 | Lipura fimetaria [| Aphorura armata] 208

=

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 343

Appendix
PAGE PAGE
(A) Entomological contributions. 213 Perla nivicola [Capnia pygmaea],
New sexual character in the small “sow: fy = 2c 22s seecee moe
pupae of some Lepidoptera... 213 Nemoura nivalis, large ‘snow
On an egg parasite of the cur- fitys” they Sshad-fly ” 2252 S22: 240
SST S12 je eg ee ee ee 217 Culex hyemalis [Anopheles puncti-
(B) Miscellaneous publications of pennis|], winter ‘musketoe’.. 241
7 the entomologist..-..--..---. 223 Chironomus nivoriundus, snow
(C) Winter insects of eastern New DOEME Mtoe: Aol OSS he ee 242
SCE Betas Seta oe ps eile Sale ata 235 Trichocera brumalis, midwinter
Boreus nivoriundus, snow born Pnchoceray cos 5250s 45 Soe oe 243
IBORGUS Soca ee ase sxclas aor Podura [Schoturus] nivicola,
Boreus brumalis, midwinter Bor- S SOW Mea essen o- one sao 244
Pee So ya tease REG ce Lk 258) :\ General) index: . 302 43.2 hva. Jeb

Rilant Index 2 2220 at See 263

Some injurious insects of Massachusetts. (Massachusetts state board of
agriculture. 33d annual report. 1886. Also, separate, with title
page and cover [Mar. 12] 1886, 34 p.) [Read before the Massachu-
setts state board of agriculture, at its meeting at Framingham, Dec. 1,
1885 |

Treats of canker worm, cut worms, Sphinx quinquemaculata [Phlegethontius
celeus], S. [Phlegethontius] carolina, Trypeta pomonella, Crioceris asparagi,
Rose leaf * Thrips,’ Tettigonia vitis [var. of Typhlocyba comes Say], Tettigonia
[Typhlocyba] rosae.

Spring canker worm—Awuisopieryx |FPaleacrita| vernata Peck. (Country
Peutieman. Ap. 1, 1836. 51:. 249”)

Its ravages in Dutchess co., remedies.

Cause of gapes. (Country gentleman. Ap. 8, 1886. eI : 2691)

General history of the gapes parasite, Syngamus trachealis.

Birch seed insect. (Country gentleman. Ap. 15, 1886. 51: 287%)

Describes larva of birch seed insect [Cecidomyia betulae. |

Cause and treatment of gapes. (Country gentleman. Ap. rs, 1886.
Bins 209°) .

Gives life history of Syngamus trachealis and remedies.

Aphis mali—the apple plant louse in Ontario orchards. (Ontario
county times. May 12, 1886. Copied in Sentinel [Trumansburg,
N. Y.] May 19, 1886; Watkins express [N. Y.] May 20, 1886;
Palmyra courier [N. Y.] May 28, 1886)

Identifies and gives remedies for this plant louse.

344 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Curculio demonstration. (Country gentleman. May 13, 1886. 51:
36648_6722)
Note on Pachylobius picivorus Germ.
Orange insects. (Country gentleman. May 13, 1886. 51: 370%)
Review of Mr Hubbard's report on this subject.
Apple tree aphis infesting our orchards. (New England homestead.
May 15, 1886. 20: 189, col. 3)

Brief account of Aphis mali.

Canker worm and codling moth described. (New England homestead.
May 15, 1886. 20: 192, col. 4)
Notice of canker worm and codling moth.
Insects and other pests. (New England homestead. May 22, 1886.
20: 189, col. 5)

Nematus ventricosus [ Pteronus ribesii| and Bembecia marginata noticed.

Horizontal borings in tree trunks. (Country gentleman. May 27, 1886.
51: 409%)
Injury is referred to the work of the yellow bellied woodpecker.
Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. May 27,1886, 51: 409”)

Galerucella canthomelaena [luteola] identified.

Plea for entomological study. (Glens Falls [N. Y.] republican. June
1, 1886)
Extracts from an address before the Agassiz association of Glens Falls.
Apple tree aphis. (Country gentleman. June 3, 1886. 51: 4291)
Mentions Aphis mali and A. [Myzus] ribis.

Asparagus beetle. (Country gentleman. June 3, 1886. 51: 429”)
Brief notice of Crioceris asparagi.
New strawberry insect. (New England homestead.. June 5, 1886. 20:
216, col, 5)

Bembidium quadrimaculatum is recorded as injurious to strawberries.

Grapevine scale insect. (New England homestead. June 12, 1886.
20: 221, col. 6)
Brief notice of Pulvinaria vitis [innumeradilis]}.
Apple tree bark louse. (Country gentleman. June 17, 1886. 51: 469%)
Identifies and gives remedies for Wytilaspis pomicorticis [pomorum].
Forest tent caterpillar. (New England homestead. June 19, 1886.
20: 229, col. 4-5)

Brief account of Clisiocampa sylvatica [ disstria].

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 345

Squash bug. (New England homestead. June 19, 1886. 20: 229,
col. 5).
Records injuries to melon vines by Anasa tristis.
New attack on wheat. (Country gentleman. June 24, 1886._ 51: 487”) -
Deseribes the attack of an unknown saw fly on wheat.
Unknown grass insect. (Country gentleman. July 1, 1886. 51: 5037°)
Gives characters of an unknown attack on grass.
Gortyna nitela destroying tomato plants. (Orange county farmer. July
1, 1886. p. 4)
Injuries to tomato plants by Gortyna [Hydroecia] nitela Guen.
Hop vine insects — Origin of honey dew. (Waterville [N. Y.] times.
July 16, 1886. pp. 2)
General account of Phorodon humuli.

Honey dew on the hop vine. (Country gentleman. July 22, 1886.
5? 553")
Gives origin of honey dew and identifies the larva of Adalia bipunctata.
New attack on the potato. (New England-homestead. July 24, 1886.
Bee 272. col 1)
Attack by aphids is referred with doubt to Megoura solani.
Potato stalk weevil—7Z7ichobaris trinotata Say. (American rural home.
Eulye a4 1836, No. 30, 16::..8,,col. 4—5, 22cm)
Brief notice of this species.

Plant louse on the potato. (Country gentleman. July 29, 1886.
51: 569") |
Referred with doubt to Megoura solani and remedies given.
[Notice of Dr. Walker’s communication on Experiments with gapes|
(Country gentleman. July 29, 1886. 51: 576") ~
Review of paper on identity of parasites in earthworms with Syngamus.
Stalk borer. (New England homestead. July 31, 1886. 20: 277,
col. 1) ,
Notices an attack on corn by Gortyna [Hydroecia] nitela.
Maple tree pruner—Z/apfidion sp. (Country gentleman. Sep. g, 1886.
51: 677”)

Gives features of attack by Elaphidion parallelum Newm. [villosum Fabr.]

on maples.’
[Myriads of minute imsects in the air] (Albany evening journal.
Sep. 9, 1826. p. 4) :

Insects in the air are identified as Aphis [Nectarophora] granaria.

346 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Apple tree pest and parasite. (Country gentleman. Sep. 16, 1886.
51:695") |

Oedemasia [Schizura] concinna and Limneria fugitiva noticed.
Carrot and parsnip aphids. (Country gentleman. Sep. 16, 1886.
51:695°°)
Records injuries to carrots and parsnips by aphids.
Ham infesting mite. (Country gentleman. Sep. 16, 1886. 51:695”°)
Identifies the cheese mite, Tyroglyphus siro, on ham.

Cockscomb elm gall. (Country gentleman. Sep. 23, 1886. 51:713%4)
Galls of Glyphina [Colopha] ulmicola described, and synonymy and biblio-
graphy given.
U. S. entomological report. (Country gentleman. Sep. 23, 1886.
51:715°) ;
Short notice of Riley’s report for 1885.
New and destructive borer to be conquered. (New England home-
Stead.) Sep: 25, 1600. 202341, Col. 4)

Identifies Scolytus rugulosus and Phloeotribus lininaris.

Honey dew on maple leaves. (New England homestead. Sep. 25,

1500.) 20:344,-COl, 2)
Brief notice of honey dew, its source and value to bees.

‘Gapes in fowls. (Country gentleman. Sep. 30, 1886. 51:73141)

Comments on Dr Walker’s paper on gapes.
fan)

Muskmelon worm. (Country gentleman. Sep. 30,1886. 51: 733°)
Account of Phakellura [Margaronia] nitidalis aud mention of Chauliognathus
marginatus.
Silk culture. (Country gentleman. Sep. 30, 1886. 51: 7388)

Brief review of The mulberry silk worm, by Riley.
A queer bug and other insects. (Country gentleman. Oct. 7, 1886.
‘
StS)

Notices Leptoglossus oppositus, L. phyllopus and Metapodius femoratus.
Severe attack on the potato. (Country gentleman. Oct. 14, 1886.
51: 773”)

Records an attack of Julus caeruleocinctus and a species of Polydesmus on
potatoes.

Beech tree blight. (Husbandman [Elmira, N. Y.] Oct. 27, 1886. No.
626; a2 eCol. a, 27288 cm)

“
Brief account of Pemphigus imbricator Fitch.

=

Grain aphis in Maryland. (Country gentleman. Nov. 25, 1886. 51:
893”)

Refers an attack on rye to Siphonophora avenae | Nectarophora granaria].

/

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 347

Annual address of the~president of the entomological club of the |
A. A. A. S., at the Buffalo meeting, Aug. 17, 1886. (Entomologica
americana. 1886. 2: 143-60)

Gives the evidences of progress in entomology during the past year.

Sweet potato pest. (Albany express. Dec. 8, 1886)

Notice of the sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius Fabr.
Praying Mantis and its eggs. (Country gentleman. Jan. 6, 1887.
52:9™, fig.)

Gives the life history and beneficial habits of Mantis [Stagmomantis]
carolina.

Bug injurious to shade trees. (Country gentleman. Jan. 27, 1887.
52 : 69"") ;
Brief notice of Leptocoris trivittatus Say in Kansas.
Fuller’s rose beetle — Avamigus fulleri Horn. (Country gentleman.
Hep. 3,.1887. 52: 89'*)
Describes its injuries in greenlouses.
Harmlessness of the lady bird, Adalia bipunctata. (The Owl [organ of
Agassiz association, Glens Falls, N. Y.] February 1887. 2:15)

Mention of its abundance and beneficial habits.

Aphididae, or plant lice. (Western New York horticultural society. Pro-
Eceaings.. 32d annual. meeting, Jan. 26, and. 27, 1887... p..85~97)
[Issued in March 1887] :

General account of plant lice, giving systematic position, features, distribu-
tion, injuries, propagation, our imperfect knowledge and recent discoveries.

Wood eating insect. (Country gentleman. Mar. 31, 1887. 52: 25718)
Records the presence of Xylotrechus colonus Fabr. in a house.
Do spiders protect fruit trees from aphids? (Green’s fruit grower.
Onl 6607. p 17)
No record is known of spiders devouring aphids under natural conditions.
Currant worm remedy. (Popular gardening. April 1887. 2: 120-21)

Recommends bellebore and mentions the parasite, Trichogramma pretiosa.
Life history of MHemileuca mata Drury. (Swiss cross. April 1887.
_ 1: 135-39, fig. 1-3)

Genera! account of the life history of this species.
How to prevent the cabbage maggot. (New England homestead.

Pg, TOOT. 21 > § 30, COl. 5)

Gives a number of remedies for this species.

Apple tree bark louse. (Country gentleman. Ap. 21, 1887. 52: 3215)

Gives life history and remedies for Mytilaspis pomicorticis [pomorum].

348 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Borers in timber. (Country gentleman. Ap. 28, 1887. 52: 341°!)
A few general recommendations for the protection of timber from borers.
Honey dew eaten by bees. (Country gentleman. Ap. 28, 1887.
52: 341°) :
On the value of honey dew as a food for bees.
17 year locust — Cicada septendecim. (Owl [Glens Falls, N. Y.] May
1887... 2 217-10, fig. 1-5)
General account of Cicada septendecim, reference is made to the 13 year form
and to C. tibicen. .
[Root aphis of the hop vine.] (Waterville [N. Y.] times. May 6,
E887. <sps:2)
Records the attack by an unknown root aphis on the roots of hop vines.
Lady birds, leaf and carpet beetles. (Country gentleman. May 12, 1887.
52: 361, fig. 1-6)

Gives the characters of the lady birds, leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) and the

carpet beetle.
Little winged pest. (Argus [Albany]. May 16, 1887. p. 2)
Abstract of a paper on the mosquito [See 12th report, p. 319-35].

Another apple tree pest. (Country gentleman. May 19, 1887. 52:
398")
Records serious injuries to apple buds by Crepidodera rufipes Linn.
New(?) aphis on hop roots. (Country gentleman. May 19, 1887. '
522401!)
Importance of knowing the life history of Phorodon humuli.
Currant worm parasite. (Express[Albany]. May 23, 1887. 41:2)

Mentions the attaek of Trichogramma pretiosa on the currant worm.

Leather beetle. (Boots and shoes weekly. May 25,1887. 11: 473)
Insect burrowing in leather is probably Dermestes vulpinus, Sitodrepa panicea
mentioned.
Saw fly on apple trees. (Country gentleman. May 26, 1887. 52:
421°)
Habits of Dolerus sericeus Say and D. arvensis Say, food plants of latter.
Elm leaf beetle going northward. (Country gentleman. May 26, 1887.
Ke raet™)
Galerucella canthomelaena [luteola] received from Poughkeepsie.

New cotton pest. (Country gentleman. June 2, 1887. 52:441*)
Injuries to cotton by Systena blanda var. bitweniata [taeniata] recorded.

Thrips in strawberry blossoms. (Country gentleman. June 9g, 1887.
52:459 ) |

General account of injuries by the Thripidae.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 349

Leather beetle again. (Boots and shoes weekly. June 15, 1887.
11 : 608)
Injuries by Sitodrepa panicea to shoes, with remedies.
Apple pest. (Oswego daily times. June 18, 1887. p. 4)
Records serious injuries by the rose bug, Macrodactylus subspinosus to apple
trees, and gives several remedies.
Cockscomb elm gall. (Country gentleman. June 23, 1887. 52: 4917)
: Brief notice of Glyphina [Colopha] ulmicola.

Ox warble fly. (Country gentleman. June 23, 1887. 52: 493")
General account of Hypoderma bovis [an erroueous reference of HZ. lineata].
giving its life history and remedies.
Grape vine leaf hopper. (Country gentleman. June 23,1887, 52: 493')
Gives a brief account of Tettigonia vitis [Typhlocyba comes var. ]
Rose bug. (Country gentleman. June 30, 1887. 52: 51115)
Treats of various remedies for Macrodactylus subspinosus.
Hop louse. (Country gentleman. June 30, 1887. 52: 51174)
Gives remedies used in Englaud against Phorodon humili.
Report of the state entomologist to the regents of the University of the
State of New York, for the year 1885. (State museum of natural his-
tory. 39th annualreport. 1885. p.77-125) [Published, July 6, 1887]

Contents
PAGE , PAGE
Maneaementon: 2. 200. 25-2. 20-2. 81 Oviposition of Saperda candida
Publications by the entomologist. 83 | Pai a iaiks Waites’ Aavinlie Able. Ved ng tase 105
Contributions to the department.. 89 | Clover leaf weevil destroyed by
_ Collections of the entomologist... 91 | aaunouss oo 20 2 vere ee 106
Insect attacks and miscellaneous Xyleborus pyri Peck [dispar
observations ......----.-----. 94 Fabr.] pear blight beetle. .... 107
Eggs of a cutworm on an apple | Attack on young pears by a
tre@ -.-. --------------------- 94 | platy Big. 2 Ue kes: oe ae 110
Anisopteryx [Paleacrita] vernata | Poecilocapsus. lineatus Fabr. .... 110
Peck, canker worm..-.-...-.. 96 | Experiment with the 13 year
Apple leaf Bucculatrix....--... 97 | Ciena us eels eh id ae te 111
Ephestia kuhniella as a pest in | Seale insect attack onivy --..-- 113
mills ..----------------++---- 99 Cheese mite infesting smoked
Cecidomyia leguminicola, clover | TEES Gh en Liaise Olan MRE a 114
peed a Pac writ ctim ete oc 100 Parasitic mite attacking the
Sciara sp. g pecHEr ine on wheat. 101 Galowide paiata bootie 65 116
Helophilus similis Macq..-.-.--- 102 ys. as ee :
Anthomyia [Phorbia] brassicae | Another parasitic mite infesting
Bonché, cabbage fly.......-.. 103 | a beetle ..--...----.---------- 118
Cecidomyia destructor Say, hes- | Mite attack on garden plants... 118
Sm oe eee ee ey 103 Black knot of the plum tree and

Lady bug attack on seale insects 104 | IS AMUMOSUS sos. Gans ks. aes ea 120

350 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Contents — econeluded

PAGE PAGE
Notes upon various insects.......- 122 | Macrodactylus subspinosus Fabr.. 123
Nisoniades [Thanaos] persius | Chrysochus auratus Fabr...---. 124
Senudderwey. Joh s See i le 122 Trirhabda canadensis Kirby ---. 124
Sphinx canadensis Boisd..--.. -- 122 Hylesinus opaculus LeConte--.-... 124
Melittia cucurbitae Harr. [satyr- Phloeotribus liminaris Harris .. 124
mijormis Tuabn. |. 2s. 2 4-6 122 Oecanthus niveus Harris.-...-.--- 124
Tinea pellionella Linn..--..-.--. 122 Ephemera natata Walk. [simu-
Maliota Gspo iio. ..taee ee eee 123 lans Walk.]. -_.. .<.2.33)23 Sea
Anthrenus scrophulariae Linn.... 123 Anseet, index *2-32--23)6--- eee 127
Thanasimus dubius Fabr...-.---- 123

Meal worm in salt. (Country gentleman. July 7, 1887. 52: 530%)
Larvae in a sack of salt are identified as those of Tenebrio molitor Linn.

Four lined leaf bug on the currant. (Country gentleman. July 14,
1887. 52: 547%)

Gives remedies for Poecilocapsus lineatus.

Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. July 21, 1887. 52: 565%)

Brief notice of Galeruca xanthomelaena | Galerucella luteola].

The Curculio on the apple. (Country gentleman. July 21, 1887. 52:
565")

Blackeued pits in apples are identified as probably the work of Conotrachelus
nenuphar. ;

An ichneumonized caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1887. 52:
673°)

Identifies the cocoons of Apanteles congregatus on the larva of Darapsa [Am--
pelophaga| myron.

Milkweed beetle with bad habits. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1887.
52: 673")

Records an attack by Chelymorpha argus on barley, corn and cabbage.

Blister beetle attack. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1887. 52: 6747)

Identifies Epicauta cinerea on Clematis flammula.

Harvest fly. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1887. 52:674%%)

Cicada tibicen is identified and briefly noticed.

Mites on arbor vitae. (Country gentleman. Sep. 1, 1887. 52:674%4)
Gives remedies fur mites [ Telranychus telarius] on arbor vitae.

Elm leaf spraying. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 1887. 52: 694%)

Apparatus for spraying elms is described.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 351

Pests of the pomologist. (Boston herald. Sep. 16, 1887. p. 3)

Abstract of an address delivered before the American pomological society.

Queer foe to the caterpillar. (New England homestead. Oct. 1, 1887.
P- 354) col. 3)

Cocoons of Apanteles congregatus on the larva of Darapsa [Ampelophaga]
myron are identified.

Value of crustaceans as food for fishes. (American angler. Oct. 8,
Poop... p.) 235)

Treats of the value of Crustacea, May flies, Phryganid larvae and other
aquatic forms as food for fishes.

Two marked tree hopper. (Country gentleman. Oct.13,1887. 52:783°7)

Identifies a variety of Enchenopa binotata on Juglans rupestris.

Mites on arbor vitae. (Country gentleman. Oct. 20, 1887. 52:800*4)

Tetranychus telarius is the mite on arbor vitae.

Asparagus and pear blight beetles. (Country gentleman. Oct. 27,
1687. 52:817°") |

Gives remedies for Crioceris asparagi and Xyleborus pyri [dispar].

White grub attack on wheat. (Country gentleman. Oct. 27, 1887.
ieee £7" )
Describes a species of white grub attacking wheat, apparently not that of
Lachnosterna fusca.

Bag worm. (Country gentleman. Nov. 3, 1887. 52:8377°)
General account of Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis, giving habits, life history
and remedies.

Insects and yellows in the peach. (Country gentleman. Nov. 3, 1887.
B2-037, COl..4, 22.cm)

Phloeotribus liminaris not the cause of yellows.

Grape insectsin manure. (American garden. December 1887. 8:396)

Larvae living in manure, as those of Ligyrus relictus, do not feed on living
plants.

Report of the state entomologist to the regents of the University of the
State of New York, for the year 1886. (New York state museum of
natural history. goth report 1887. p. 79-154. Also, separate, with
cover andtitle page: same paging) [Published Jan. 20, 1888. Des-
ignated as ‘ 3d report of the state entomologist ’|

352 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Contents
PAGE PAGE
Introductory....-...--.---------- 83 | Melon vines attacked by the ;
New attack on wheat by a saw squash bug, Anasa tristis De-
fydatve: ass-o se eee eee 87 Geer 22S ncceee = 5 oe ee 110
Red bumped apple tree caterpillar Grain aphis—Siphonophora avenae
and parasite—Oedemasia [Schi- Fabr. [Nectarophora granaria
zura] concinna Sm.—Abb. and Kirby] .---------------++------ 112
Limneria fugitiva Say.....----. 99 | Hop vine aphis—Phorodon humuli
The forest tent caterpillar— Clisio- sakes Le yoo cies =
campa sylvatica Harr. [disstria Apple ies aphis ss i
Hii paals sf ses bieeser oot 91 Potato plants attacked by aphids. 121
Aphis attack on carrots and par-
The spring canker worm—Anisop- Snips . +--+ =--c222 6 123

teryx [Paleacrita] vernata Peck.. 93 | Beech tree blight—Pemphigus im-
Unknown grass pest We Ries a Se ee 96 bricator Fitch 2. 22 123

New strawberry insect— Bembidium Cockeceml clin xallenee Glyphina
. S

giadrimaculatom Linn... ----~- 98 | [Colopha] ulmicola Fitch. .-.--- 126
Meal insect—Laemophloeus alter- An uprecognized insect :ttack.... 128
nans Er, .....---.---+----+----- 100 | Grass infesting mite — Trombi-
Grass burrowing insect—Cebrio bi- dium ?bicolor Herm. [Bryohia
COOP AWE: oon en secke e eae 100 pratensis] .--..---------------- 128
Dung beetle—Aphodius inquinatus Mite niesting se
oe ame pee Sie are ek & 102 Tyroglyphus siro Linn. ....----- 130
Sugar maple borer — Glycobius re antack 208.60 ae
- : Myriapoda, ete......-.2iessee 131
LEcegian onan gepecinsie Paes: a Notes on various insects...-..---. 135
Potato stalk weevil—Trichobaris Contributions to the department
_ trinotata Say .----------------- 106 during the year-.--.... 4225 seen
‘An ugly bee slayer’—Phymata List of publications of the entom-
erosa Her.-Sch. [wolffii] -----.- 107 ologist during the year........- 142

Some pests of the pomologist. [From the American pomological society’s
report for 1887. Read, before the A. P.S. at its Boston meeting, Sep.
1887] (Separates, quarto, with cover and title page, 13p.) [Published
Mar. 1, 1888]

The paper presents the following headings: Progress in pomology ; Evils
attending progress in pomology ; Need of scientific study ; Demands of science
on the pomologist; Immense fruit production—no overproduction; Large
areas devoted to fruit crops; Increase in plant diseases; Increase of insect
ravages; Food babits of insects; Change of food plants; Introduction from
abroad; Spread of scale insects; Number of insect pests; An unknown cur-
rant insect; How insect ravages are to be met; Insecticides; Publications
relating to fruit insects ; Conclusion.

[Published, also, in the 4th report on the insects of New York. 1888.~ p.
183-92]

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 353

Remedies for scale insects. (Country gentleman. Mar. 1, 1888. 53:
1692°)

Gives the remedies for Chionaspis furfurus and notices Chilocorus bivulnerus.

[Injurious fruit insects of the vicinity of New York] (New York farmers.

Proceedings. 1886-87. p.52~—59) [Published in March 1888]

The following insects are noticed: Apple maggot, Trypeta pomonella ; apple
worm of the codling moth; apple tree aphis; bark borers, Xyleborus pyri
[dispar], Scolytus rugulosus, S. obesus [Xyleborus dispar]: plum cureulio ;
peach tree borer; eight spotted Alypia ov grape vines; currant worm; cab-
bage butterfly, Pieris rapae ; and Celorado potato beetie.

Sulfur for the elm beetle. (Country gentleman. Mar. 15, 1888. 53:

209°")
Futility of sulfur as a remedy for Galerucella luteola.

Pea weevil. (Country gentleman. Mar. 22, 1888. 53: 229})
General account of Bruchus pisi [pisorum].

Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. Mar. 29, 1888. 53:2497")

Remedies are given for Galerucella luteola.

Our worst enemies—the bugs. (Country gentleman. Ap. 5, 1888.
53: 269") :
- Biief account of insect ravages and remedies for the same.

Striped flea beetle. (Country gentleman. Ap. 12, 1888. 53: 289'8)
General account of Phyllotreta vittata Fabr.

Unrecognized apple tree attack. (Country gentleman. Ap. 26, 1888.
53: 329°)

Describes the injury to the limbs of an apple tree, subsequently referred to
the oviposition of one of the flower crickets.

White flower cricket. (Country gentleman. Ap. 26, 1888. 53: 32978)

Egg punctures in a Concord grape vine are those of Oecanthus niveus Serv.

Leaf hopper. (Vineyardist. May 1, 1888. 2:113)

Injuries to grapes by Hrythroneura vitis Harris [ Typhlocyba comes Say, var. ]
and remedies.

To kill plant lice. (Farm and home. May 1, 1888. 9:158, col. 4)
Gives the best method of fighting plant lice.

Bacon beetle attacks comb. (Bee keepers’ magazine. May 1888.
16: 143-44)

Records the feeding on the wax of empty honeycomb by the larvae of
Dermestes lardarius Liun.

354 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. May to, 1888. 53: 366%")

Brief notice of Galeruca xanthomelaena [Galerucella luteola] trom Scarsdale,
Nya:

Friends, not foes. (Country gentleman. May 31, 1888. 3: 430%)
Small beetles said to be injurious in hot beds to flower plants are Tachys
incurvus Say and Homalota lividipennis Manun., neither of which could cause
the injury.
Maple leaf mite gall. (Country gentleman. June 14, 1888. 53:
460%_611))
Describes the galls of Phytoptus quadripes Shimer, and gives remedies.

Grape vine pest. (Orange county farmer. June 21,1888. 7: 5,col. 1)
Galls of Lasioptera vitis O. S. are described and remedies indicated.

Cockscomb elm gall. (Country gentleman. June 28,1888. 53: 496")
Galls on the ‘ weeping slippery elm’ are described and identified as those of
Colopha (Glyphina] ulmicola Fitch.

Apple tree tent caterpillar — Cisiocampa americana. (Country gentle-
Mans [Oly ok OSo. Gach ie)

~Recommends removal of the egg belts or spraying with arsenites, and
records its unusual abundance.

Honey dew on hickory leaves. (Country gentleman. July 5, 1888.
ee)

Honey dew is produced by plant lice or may result from a diseased condi-
tion of the leaves.

Grape leaf galls. (Country gentleman. July 5, 1888. 53:511*)

Galls from Worcester, Mass., are identified as those of Lasioptera vitis.

New pest threatens the hay crop. (Albany evening journal. July 7,
158o. p."7)

Records injury to grass by a species of Thrips.

Stalk borer. (Country gentleman. July 12, 1888. 53: 5322")
Larva from Rock Hall, Md., where it is known as the ‘ bud worm,’ and in-
festing stalks of young corn is Gortyna [Hydroecia] nitela Guen. Remedies
are given.

An entomological friend. (Orange county farmer. July 12, 1888. No.

45. 7:8)
15 spotted lady bug, Anatis 15-punctata [ocellata] is identified and its bene-
ficial habits given.

Ash grey blister beetle. (Country gentleman. July 19, 1888. 53:547%)
General notice of injuries to potatoes at Charlottesville, Va., by Macrobasis
unicolor Kirby. The imported Spanish fly, Cantharis vesicatoria, is also noticed.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC Pi'BLICATIONS 355

Insects on apple trees. (Country gentleman. July 19, 1888. oe cy Rome

So-called ‘black knot’ on apple trees is not caused by insects.

Light loving grape vine beetle—Amomadla lucicola. (Country gentleman.
July 26, 1388. Be 505°)
Beetles from grape vines at Hightstown, N. J., are Anomala lucicola Fabr..
Their general features are given and preventives of attack indicated.
Black long sting. (New England homestead, Aug. 4, 1888. 22:286,
col. 5)
Thalessa atrata Fabr. and T. lunator Fabr. are characterized and their habit
of preying on the larva of Tremex columba described.
Grape vine caterpillar—_7hyreus abbotii. (Country gentleman. Aug.
19, 1888. 53:599°')

General account of the food plants, life history and dimorphic larvae of this
species is given.

Spittle insects. (New England homestead. Sep.15, 1888. 22:333,
éol. 1~2)

Gives habits and injuries to grass by spittle insects.

Fly on the heads of cattle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 20, 1888.
53:795"')
Brief notice of a fly attacking cattle [proves tu be Haematobia serrata. |
Melon plant ouse. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27, 1888. 53:725*)
Notices an attack on muskmelon leaves by Aphis cweumeris [gossypii] and
galls on the shoots produced by Cecidomyia [ Diplosis] cucumeris.
Hag moth caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27,1888. 53: 725%)
Describes the caterpillar of ‘Phobetron pithecium Sm.—Abb., and gives its
food plants and habits.

An ichneumonizd caterpillar. Interesting case of parasitism. (Country
semueman, “Sep. 27; 1888: 53 :725%7)

‘Describes the cocoons of Apanteles congregatus Say on a sphinx larva,
probably Darapsa [Ampelophaga] myron Cram., and records an interesting
ease of secondary parasitism by a Chalecid.
Thousand legged worms. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27, 1888.
53° 725")
Worus destroying geraniums by eating their roots are identified as Julus
caeruleocinctus Wood and remedies given.

Mesee Keeper's guide. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27, 1888. 53: 72774)
Notices the 13th edition of the Manual of the apairy by Prof. A. J. Cook.

356 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Yellow necked apple tree caterpillar, (Country gentleman. Oct. 4,
1888. 53:743")

Caterpillars devastating apple trees are identified as Datana ministra Drury.
Feeding habits and remedies are given.

Cow fly, horn fly or Texan fly. (Country gentleman. Oct. 11, 1888.
53: 759°) |

A résumé of what was then known ofthe insect [Haematobia serrata].

Oak galls. (Country gentleman. Oct. 18, 1888. 53: 7757)
Small, round, pubescent galls on oak leaves are identified as those of Neu-
roterus verrucarum O. S.
Cow fly or Texas fly. (Country gentleman. Oct. 18, 1888. 53: 779”)

The fly [Haematobia serrata} is stated to be a species of Stomoxys.

Caterpillar on the chestnut. (Country gentleman. Oct. 18, 1888. 53:
786")

Caterpillars from a Spanish chestnut tree are Halisidota tessellaris Sm.—Abb.

White grub of the May beetle. (New York state museum of natural
history. Bulletins. November 1888. 31p., 5 fig.) [Reprinted, with
additions, from the New York state agricultural society, 43d annual
report. 1883. New York state agricultural society. Transactions.
1883-86. 34: 5-33]

The following are the subheads of the paper: White grub. Egg—Injurious
character of the insect—Injuries from the grub—Injuries ly the beetle—

Life history—Distribution—Its enemies—Preveutives and remedies—Study
of the insect desired.

Cut worms. (New York state museum ‘of natural history. Bulletin 6.
November 1888. 36p., 28 fig.) [Reprinted, with additions, from the
New York state agricultural society, 44th annual report. 1884-85.
New York state agricultural society. Transactions. 1883-86.
34: 66-100]

Contents: What are cut worms?; Their appearance; Their habits; Habits
of the moths; Natural history; Conditions favorable to cut worms; Their
food plants; Abundance of cut worms; Literature of cut worms; List of

species; Natural enemies; Parasites; Preventives and remedies. Two pre-
ventives specially commended.

Red humped apple tree caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Nov. 22.
188s... 55: 875)

General notice of Oedemasia [Schizura] concinna Sm.-Abb.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 357

4th report on the injurious and-other insects of the state of New York.
Albany, The Troy press company, printers, 1889. [Issued November
23, 1888| 237 p., 68 fig. (From the New York state museum of
natural history. 41st report. 1888. p. 123-358)

Contents PAGE
PRIMO CHO Eee oe ary soca ere ene ani een a oe tana seine swale slain s oo es 3,

Insect attacks and miscellaneous observations

Insects of the hemlock ...-.....-.- 19 | Phytomyza lateralis Fallen [chrys-
Chaleid parasites of Cecidomyia anthemi], marguerite fly....-.- 73
i pelnige Winnertz. ..--...-.'.----- 27 | Megilla maculata DeGeer, spotted
Isosoma hordei Harris, joint worm lady Die eet ase ae 80
Lvs ss-. ee ee eee 27 | Chauliognathus marginatus Fabr.,
Thalessa lunator Fabr., lunate margined soldier beetle --..-.. 84
CUS. ee eee 35 | Sitodrepa panicea Liun., as a leath-
Amphibolips prunus Walsh, oak Sriueetle se. ea. a ra ve 88
mom wall Cynipsi. oc)... 2-2... 42 | Xylotrechus cotonus Fabr., occur-
Aulacomerus lutescens n. sp. [ Trich- rMne in 2 awelling 22 26) 2x 93
iocampus ~_—viminalis =‘ Fallen], Haltica bimarginata Say, alder flea
Oiplar saw fy s.5 2. -..---- .----- 44 beetle! - tanita. steseehecse gay 206
Currant bushes girdled by an un- Crepidodera rufipes Linn., red foot-
fomowe Mmibech.2.2..<..2..-.'..-- AT adv Gea Nestle so. ae. se nee 101
Orgyia [Notolophus| leucostigma Scolytus rugulosus Ratz., wrinkled
Sm.-Abb., white marked tussock SGGly Gosia ee ke SU ae 103
HL U1). ee Serie ere 48 | Corythuca ciliata Say, ciliated
Lagoa [Megalopyge] oper ees Sm.- TIBET OAS © m_Fe UR eoae Pee 107
Abb. rabbit moth:..... 2... 51 | Melanolestes picipes H.-S., black
_ Nephelodes violans Guen. [minians EOISdIE aoe ece ceeue goes cass 109
var.] bronze colored cut worm 54 | Mytilaspis pomorum Bouché, apple
Homoptera lunata Drury, as a rose > te tree Dank louse! o.\0 ic. 55.2 oe ys Le
Nd erie ends eae = 57 | Ptyelus lineatus Linn., lined spit-
A hemlock leaf miner .--.-..----- 59 De HOP Per wee wey Aes ae ea 120
Cecidomyia balsamicola n. sp., and Ephemera natata Walk. [simulans
US 0-2) ES ee ee Fe eee 60 Walk.], and other Ephemeri-
Lasioptera vitis O. S., and its galls. 63 GUE 2S een ee in SS 121
Chloropisca prolifica O. S. n. sp. { Hairsnakes as parasitic on insects. 125
[variceps Loew], and its win- Cermatia [Scutigera] forceps Raf.,
ber eatherings. o.. 2.5. wo... 67 as a honsehold pest......---- 128

Brief notes on various insects

Dolerus sp. ; Danais archippus [Anosia plexippus], 135. Thecla strigosa [liparops] ; Nisoni-
ades [Thanaos] persius; Sphinx canadensis, 137. Melittia cucurbitae [satyriniformis] ;
Hyppa xylinoides ; Erebus odora, 138. Zerene [Cingilia] catenaria ; Anisopteryx [Alsophila]
pometaria, 139. Tinea pellionelia; Mallota sp., 140. Anthrenus scrophulariae; Alaus
oculatus, 141. Thanasimus dubius; Macrodactylus subspinosus; Lema _ trilineata;
Chrysochus auratus; Trirhabda canadensis, 142. Galeruca xanthomelaena [Galerucella
lutéola], 143. Hylesinus opaculus; Phloeotribus liminaris, 144. Belostoma americanum, 145.
Ceresa bubalus, 146. Chermes pinicorticis ; Oecanthus niveus, 147.

358 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Appendix PAGE
(A) Some extra-limital-isecis: [222-2 Cases oe os Sai oo See 151
Carpocapsa saltitans Westw., and its jumping seeds.-..-...---.-/-..----- 151
Systena blanda Mels. [taeniata Say ]—Broad striped flea beetle .....-.-.-. 155
Leptocoris trivittatus Say—Box-elder plant bug .......--.-..---.---------- 156
Mantis [Stagmomantis] carolina Linn.—Carolina Mantis....-----.-------- 158
(B) Entomological addresses :
Present state of entomological science in the U.S -...----.---.----.----- 163
Annual address of the president of the entomological club of the American
association for the advancement of science .......-.--..---. -=-5 =a. eee 172
Some pests of the pomologish : . 3. cocemase se cane shee ee 183
(C) List of publications of the entomologist during the year 1887. ...----.--- 193
(D) Contributions to the department during the year 1887..........---..--- 205
(2). Errata in fornier reports’. = --...:..- +. -1.2-.cs5--eeces oo koe ee 209
General maex J. seo 5 26-6 )n nnn ~ einen aes a eee ee wane 211
Pan tAand@xn. |. sie oot = oe wee teat eee tin Sa at Oe ee ne ee 235

A familiar pest. (New England homestead. Nov. 24, 1888. 22: 421,
col. 1-2) :
Identifies the pupa of Sphinx quinquemaculata [Phlegethontius celeus] and
gives life history briefly.
Identification of the cow fly—AHaematobia serrata. (Country gentleman.
NOYy:.20, 1365. - 53 7'893"") :

Reference of the species by Baron Osten Sacken, of Germany, to Haematobia
serrata Rob.-Desv. °

Wire worms. (Country gentleman. Nov. 29, 1888. 53: 893%, fig. 1-6)

Gives several of the best remedies for these pests.

Egg deposits of flower crickets. (Country gentleman. Dec. 6, 1888.
53: 911")

Oecanthus, niveus Harris, Oecanthus fasciatus DeGeer and Pelidnota punctata
Linn. are noticed.

White marked tussock egg clusters. (Country gentleman. Dec. 6, 1888.
53: 911") )
Identifies the eggs of Orgyia [ Notolophus] leucostigma Sm.-Abb. and notices
a parasite, Pimpla conquisitor Say.
Transformations of Sesza [Hemaris| buffaloensis Gr._Rob. (American
entomological society. Transactions. 1888. 15: 105)

Immature stages are described, the larvae being found on snowball.

Apple tree tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Ap.4, 1889. 54: 2691)

Eggs of Clisiocampa americana on a peach twig are identified and the insect
briefly noticed.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 359

Apple tree bark louse. (Country gentleman. Ap. 4,1889. 54: 269”)
Gives the remedy for Mytilaspis pomorum Bouché.

Mite infesting dwellings. (Qhio farmer. Ap. 13, 1889. p. 274)

Reported infestation is referred with doubt to Sryobia species.
Remarkable display of eel worms. (Country gentleman. May 16, 1889.
54: 389")

Red appearance in a shallow stream at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., is found to
be owing to the presence of myriads of small red worms belonging to the

Anguillulidae. .
Preserving insect specimens. (Country gentleman. May 23, 1889. 54:
409°) ,
Directions are given for preparing a ‘cyanide bottle’ for the collection of
insects. .
Cabbage maggot. (Country gentleman. June 6, 1889. 54: 440%)

An infusion of burdock, caustic lime applied to the roots, unleached ashes
- about the plant and kerosene emulsion are remedies recommended.

Apple tree worm. (Country gentleman. June 6,188 9. 54 :440*°)
Remedies are given for Clisiocampa americana and its ease of control
commented upon.

Rose bug destroying peaches. (Country gentleman. June 6, 1889.
54: 441") }
Gives remedies to be used against this insect, Macrodactylus subspinosus.
Rose leaf hopper. (Country gentleman. June 6, 1889. 54: 44114)
Appearance of Tettigonia | Typhlocyba] rosae Harris and remedies.
[Forest tent caterpillar devastating maples.] (Albany evening journal.
June 8, 1889)
Account of the ravages of Clisiocampa sylvatica [disstria] in a maple grove
at Kingsbury, Washington co., N. Y.
Parasite on potato beetle. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1889. 54:

456%4_5 712)
General notice of Uropoda americana Riley, a parasite of the potato beetle.
Grain aphis. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1889. 54: 4571")

Records an attack on wheat at Allendale, Ill., by the grain aphis, Siphon-
ophora [Nectarophora] granaria.

Apple tree flies. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1889. 54: 45773)

Fly occurring ‘by millions’ on apple trees at Meadville, Pa. [June 4] is
the white winged Bibio, Bibio albipennis.

Hop yard pest reappears. (Albany evening journal. June 20, 18809.
p. 1; Utica morning herald. June 21, 1889; Fort Plain free press.

_ June 25, 1889; Country gentleman, June 27, 1889. 54: 497")

Warning of attack by the hop aphis, Phorodon humuli; remedies given.

360 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Currant aphis. (Country gentleman. June 20, 1889.- 54: 474°)
Gives remedies for aphis on currant stems, may be Myzus ribis.

Asparagus beetle. (Country gentleman. June 20, 1889. 54: 47878)
Crioccris asparagi is identified and remedies given.

Grain aphis. (Country gentleman. June 27, 1889. 54: 496°)
Identification of Siphonophora avenae [Nectarophara granaria] on wheat from

LaGrange, Ill. é
Insect depredations. (Country gentleman. June27, 1889. 54: 496%)

Remarks on the graiv aphis injurivg wheat in Indiana.

Our insect enemies and how to meet them. [An address before the New
Jersey state board of agriculture, at its annual meeting at Trenton,
Feb. 1, 1889. Camden, N. J., [July] 1889. 22 p.] (State board
of agriculture. 16th report. 1888-89. p. 285-304)

Importance of agriculture—its present aud future. Economie entomology.
Importanee of entomological study. Secrecy of insect depredations. Small
size of insects, Number ‘of iusects. Rapidity of propagation. Voracity of
insects. Can insect ravages be prevented? How to meet our insect euemies.

Early appearance of the common house fly and its fungus. (Albany
evening journal. July r1, 1889;

Records the early appearance of Musca domestica and its fungus.

Corn worm. (New England homestead. July 13,1889. 23: 237, col. 1)
Caterpillar of Gortyna [ Hydroecia] nitela is identified feeding on the tassels
of corn. .

Insects on lima beans—squash bugs. (Country gentleman. July 18,

19891545439 |
The insect on beans can not be identified without examples. Cucumber
beetle, Diabrotica vittata, and squash bug Anasa tristis, are noticed.

Remedies for the hop louse. (New England homestead. July 27, 1889.
2925 9,.Col. 6)

Gives several remedies for this insect, Phorodon humuli.

Yellow woolly bear. (New England homestead. July 27,1889. 23:253,
col. 6)

Caterpillar, Spilosoma virginica, known in the winged state as {the white
miller’ is identified.

White grub of the May beetle—Zachnosterna fusca. (New York state
agricultural society. Transactions. 1883-86. [July] 1889. 34: 5-33,
fig. 1-5)

Reprint, with additions, of Bulletin 5 of the New York state museum of

natural history. For contents, see 5th report on the insects of New York,
1889. p. 308.

So lida cl
te,
é

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 361

Cut worms. (New York state agricultural society. Transactions. [July|
1889. 34: 66-100, fig. 1-28)

Reprint, with additions, of Bulletin 6 of the New York state museum of

natural history.
Aphididae or plant lice. (New York state agricultural society. Transac-
tions. [July] 1389. 34: 101—15, fig. 1-9)
Reprint, with illustrations and additioval matter, from the proceedings of

the Western New York horticultural society. 1887. For contents, see 4th
report on the insects of New York. 1888. p. 194.

Grain aphis. (Country gentleman. Aug. 1, 1889. 54: 5797)
Heads of rye from Stone Ridge, N. Y., show attack by Siphonophora avenae
| Nectarophora granaria].
Maple tree borer. (Country gentleman. Aug. 1, 1889. 54:579%)

Identifies the larvae infesting maples as probably those of Glycobius [ Pla-
gionotus| speciosus and gives the remedies.

Cow fly. (Country gentleman. Aug. 1, 1889. 54: 579%)
Notices the cow fly, Haematobia serrata, and names several remedies.
Insects in wheat — not injurious. (Rural New Yorker. Aug. 3, 1889.
48 : 509, col. 1-2)
States that the small, shining, black beetles in heads of wheat are Phalacrus
politus Linn. They are scavenger beetles, and are not injurious.

Oak tree pruner. (Country gentleman, Aug. 29, 1889. 54 : 65 138)

Notices the work of Hlaphidion parallelum [villosum] in branches of red oak.

A bombarding beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 5, 1889. 54: 6712)
Describes discharge of a ‘bombardier,’ its effects, and names Brachinus
fumans as a common ferm. —

Black blister beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 12, 1889. 54: 69423)
Notices the work of Epicauta pennsylvanica DeGeer on chrysanthenums and
gives remedies.

Mites in bran. (Country genileman. Sep. rg, 1889. 54: 7112")

Tyroglyphus stro in bran may be killed with carbon bisulfid.

Beech tree borer—Aegeria [Sanninoidea] exitiosa. (Country gentleman.
Now14, 1689.. 545861")

Extended account of this insect is given.

Insects in cord wood. (Country gentleman. Noy.14,1889. 54: 86234)

Sounds from wood stored in a dry cellar can not be identified from
the description.

A horn tail and its enemies. Country gentleman. Nov. 21, 1889.
54: 881")

Treats of a maple borer, Tremex columba Linn. and its parasite, Thalessa.

362 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

5th report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York,
Albany, the Troy press company, printers, 1889. [Issued Nov. 23,
1889] 205 p., 50 fig. Also as report of the state entomologist to the
regents of the University of the State of New York, for the year 1888.
(State museum of natural history. 42d annual report of the trustees, for
the year 1888 [Nov. 20, 1889]. p.-145—347, fig. 1-50)

Contents ~° PAGE

Aramsmiittal so. 2266 Ssess. ee cae since Saisie eae pelos econ eee a 151

Remedies and preventives of insect attack
Cutting: out the'squash ‘vine borers (22 eee. ee eee a eee 155
Change.of.soil for strawberry plants: ..2:.2----:1:52.---.0-5905— 2 oe 156
Brine for the currant worm... 6. 2.2o. 52.43 Sha. seve ee eee 156
Saltpetre not a preventive of cabbage fly attack -.--- eee a.) 157
Preventives for cabbage ily attack 2. .\.-22 222. eden woe ee 158
Bears for repelling the striped cucumber beetle .--.-. 2 2. =~ 2 =n eee 159
Gasjlime for the woolly aphis':..222 2525 220.2224 she ee 160
How-to ‘kill the apple tree aphis 2.222. 2. YS eee 2 so. Se eet ee 160
Tobacco dust for aphis-attack: 22-285... scsc woe; cee ee oes b oes 162
A himewash-for bark lice. <s:2. 5.00 J eeu tele - 595 4. oho! Ree ee 163

Injurious Hymenoptera
Nematus [Lygaeonematus] erichsonit Hartig, larch saw fly..----..---..---- 164 |
Nematus salicis-pomum Walsh [ Pontania pomum], willow apple gallsaw fly 173

Injurious Lepidoptera
Darapsa [Ampelophaga] myron Cramer, green grape vine sphinx.......... 174
Alypia octomaculata Fabr. and Hudryas [ Huthisanotia] grata Fabr., eight

spotted forester and beautiful wood nymph..---- access 9250 cae 179
Phobetron pithecium Sm.-Abb., hag moth caterpillar......---...---.-----. 183
Anisota senatoria Sm-Abb., senatorial oak moth .........-...---.---.---- 192
Agrotis [Peridroma] saucia Hiibn., variegated cut worm..-.-...-...-..---- 200
Mamesira picta Harris, zebra cabbage caterpillar. ....... -.. = -<== sense eeee 206
Mamesira grandis Boisd., poplar feeding cut worm....-....--.-<saseeeeeee 210
Penthina numbatana Clemens, rose leaf tyer -... 2 ----. --.- s-os)e=- <= eeeee 213 |
Incurvaria acerifoliella Fitch, maple leaf cutter ...--..-.. <2 ---2 -s2aeeee 215

Injurious Diptera
Haematobia serrata Rob.-Desv.,.cow horn fly-....- 260.6 hee eee eee 220

Injurious Coleoptera

Dynasties tityas Linn., spotted horn bug: ..:...20..0.2.. 2.5.20 sche 227
Oberea bimaculata Oliv., raspberry cane girdler .... ....---..----- --ccceee 231

Galeruca canthomelaena Schrauk [Galerucella luteola Miill.], elm leaf beetle 254

Injurious Hemiptera
Clastoptera obtusa Say, alder spittle insect............. .----. --=¢ ase
Siphonophora avenae Fabr. [ Nectarophora granaria Kirby], grain apbis.-.. 246
Myzus cerasi Fabr., cherry apbis 2.2.0 222 oan co - noe see ene cons oe = ee eee 253

————

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 363

Insect attacks and miscellaneous observations PAGE
Canker worm, Anisopteryx [ Paleacrita] vernata Peck...---...---.-------- 258
Bomuance of Geametrid larvae.'.fuce: -loleu lesan ee lok: Jue. 02. celeb 259
Pele Gre EICOMUCGEIS. 2 em oats ooh one w Ke SAR i ae ise Jee eee. ee 260
Clover seed midge, Cecidomyia leguminicola Lintn....-..-.--..-------.---- 262
Pressintety,, Cocaom yi Cestructoy Say os----- 2-2 5- ste pan wees awe ese eo ee . 263
Scivara sp.? occurring /on wheat...-..--..----- eos eS ee ee Ses 264
Cabbage fly, Anthomyia [Phorbia] brassicae Bouché.--...-- oh23 sas, SRS 265
may wuetabiaek OU Sésle Inseetscc|/- =. 2 S2so see SS. Rk Ss Bees Sods 266
Gurpet beetle, Anthrenus scrophutariae Linn. :.--..----. 22 s22---4-e0 25-53 267
Oak pruner, Elaphidion parallelum Neww. [villosum Fabr.] ..---.---.---- 268
Sporto, of Saperda candida Vabr....--.\-- 2-22 --< 5 -sece- thee <n none 269
DEMIR C ICO NENTINE BANE eee 5 2 eo See Lh MU OR OS one as oes car ome 271

‘Clover leaf weevil destroyed by a fungus attack......--..-..-.----..---- 272
SEMEL RSIS URUCOTUS AU ADE Sone S40 oor oka a ab soc eee dia we Sue se eee Doe 273
Paar youns pears Dy a plant bu 2722.22). co ee ek eee 275
Mapentcns with wae 13.year Cicada _.2. .-.-.---s42. sees Pee 276
White scale insect attack on ivy, Aspidiotus nerii Bouché ....-..----..--- 278
Piet unov of the plum treeand its guests -.-2 -....---.----.+.2-5s.--8- 280
Collections in the Adirondack region, et al .----..-----...--. pete eer 281
Pollections in the Adirondack region in 1885..--. ----...2-. 2-22-2222. ---- 283

Acarina and Myriapoda
PipecrnCknon -Atdon plants. <5. Cf ve! Soe fete le etl eek Bee oek 287
Pm titcmmrielor asexton beetle: 202/028... 2 22.22 202 5 So ook ese eke 289
Parasitic attack on the Colorado potato beetle...---.....-.----------..--- 289
Cheese mite infesting smoked meats, Tyroglyphus siro Linn..----.-------- 291
Press mite infesting flour..+--..----.-----: -- Pee Sele Ue ke See 294
Paod of Cermatia [Scutigera| forceps Raf. ....-...----- -.-.---------- ey 295
vulus caeruleocinctus beneath carpets ..-...------------.+------- ---------- 296

Appendix
Payeige OF publications of the entomologist .-..-. .----.-.2..--2-- ---s-- 299
Pameemiaipaions to the department... -2.2--.. ..--20 20-5. neces cen ans 324
Paeeeemigex S20... t oe. Ee ple oe SNe Soa ah ca tole MUS 327
Roe wens trys eis) tutta oh ee gs Su Powis Save. sen lt socio steasdhs 345

Bean weevil. (New England homestead. Dec. 21, 1889. 23:425,
col. 2-3)
Gives several remedies for this insect.
Gypsy moth in Medford, Mass. (Country gentleman. Jan. 23, 1890.
55: 69”)
Comment on a notice in the New York world on the introduction in Med-
ford of the European gypsy moth, Ocneria [ Porthetria] dispar.

Insect pests of the state [New York.] (Albany evening journal. Jan.
23,1890. 34: 3)

Extract from an address before the Albany farmers’ institute, held the
above date.

364 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Mites infesting smoked meats. (Orange judd farmer. Jan. 25, 1890.
7:63, col. 1—2)

Records an infestation of smoked hams in a provision house by Tyroglyphus
siro. Several remedies are given. j

Useful insects. (Country gentleman. Feb. 27, 1890. 55: 1707")

Eggs of tbe Carolina mantis are identified and its beneficial habits stated.

Singular fly. (New York times. Ap. 14, 1890. p..5, col. 2; Albany
daily press and knickerbocker. Ap. 15, 1890; Plattsburg [N. Y.]
morning telegram. Ap. 23, 1890)

Records the abundance of Chloropisca prolifica Osten Sacken [variceps Loew]
in a house in September.

Fighting the insect pests. (Albany evening journal. Ap. 16, 1890,
44 cm)

Report of a paper read before the Albany institute, Ap. 15, 1890, noticing a
number ot insects briefly.

Late experiences with insects injurious to the orchard and garden.
{Read before the Western New York horticultural society, at its
annnual meeting, Jan. 22, 1890] (Western New York horticultural
society, proceedings at its 35th annual meeting, Jan. 22, 23, 1890.
p. 16-35) Also, in separates, 20 p. [Ap. 22, 18go].

Treats of insecticides and fungicides combined and briefly of a number of
insects.

Spraying for the curculio. (Country gentleman. Ap. 24, 1890. 55:
329°")

Manner of spraying for the curenlio.
Apple tree insects. (Country gentlemar. Ap. 24, 1890. 55: 329”)
Identifies the cocoons of the apple leaf Bucculatrix, B. pomifoliella Clem.
and the eggs of the apple tree tent caterpillar, Clisiocampa americana.

Poisoning insects. (Country gentleman. May 1, 1890. 55: 347!)

Directions are given for using paris green and london purple in water for
spraying purposes.

Fly, Chloropisca prolifica |variceps|. (Country gentleman. May 1, 1890.
55: 349°)

General notice of the insect in this country and abroad.
Voracity of the silk worm. (Albany times. May 8, 1890. p. 2)
Corrects gross errors about the weight of a receutly hatched silk worm and
the amount it consumes.

Spraying for fruit tree insects. (Country gentleman. May 22, 1890,
55: 407")

Arsenites are recommended for use in gardens provided they are not applied
too strong. ;

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 365

Eggs in plum twig. (Country gentleman. May 22, 1890. 55: 407*")
Deposit of eggs ina plum twig are doubtless those of some ‘tree hopper’
allied to Ceresa bubalus.
Australian lady bug. (New York times. May 23, 1890)
Notices Vedalia [ Novius] cardinalis and its extermination of the Icerya scale.
[Eye spotted budmoth] (Albany evening journal. May 28, 1890.
Pp. 6)
Describes the ravages and gives the remedy for this insect.
Insect strawberry pests. (New England farmer. June 4, 1890. p. 1)
Notices Paria aterrima [Typophorus canellus] and Otiorhynchus ovatus.

Wire worms on cabbage. (Country gentleman. June 5, 1890. 55:
450%)
Mentions several species of wire worms attacking cabbage.
Grain aphis. (Country gentleman. June 12, 1890. 55:470*)
No method known of arresting a serious attack on rye by Siphonophora
avenae [ Nectarophora granaria].
Coleophora sp.—A new pear insect. (Popular gardening. June 1890.
Be igo; Col. 1-2) .
Records an attack by a case bearer on pears.
Pear blight beetle. (Popular gardening. June 1890. 5: 198, col. 2)
Notices an attack by Xyleborus pyri [dispar] in a pear orchard at Lockport,
N.Y.
Quince blossom beetle. (Popular gardening. June 1890. 5 198,
col. 2)

Records injury by a snapping beetle [Limonius confusus] to quince blossoms.

Peach bark borer. (Popular gardening. June 1890. 5: 198, col. 2)
No preventive of the attack of this Scolyvtid borer, [ Phloeotribus liminaris],
is known. Infested trees should be taken up and burned.
Grape vine flea beetle. (Popular gardening. June18g90. 5: 198, col. 2)
Remedies for this insect [Haltica chalybea] are given.
New enemy of the currant worm. (Popular gardening. June 1890.
5: 198, col. 2)
One of the large plant bugs, Podisus cynicus, preys upon it.
17 year locusts make their appearance. (Albany morning express
dunes, 1890. p. 2) .
Capture of examples of Cicada septendecim reported at Tivoli, N. Y.

Grain weevil distributed. (Country gentleman. June 19, 18go.
55: 489")

Records the distribution of seed corn, badly infested with Calandra oryza
Linn.

366 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM *

Sheep scab. (Country gentleman. June tg, 1890. 55 : 493”)
Brief notice of the scab mite, Psoroptes equi [communis].
[Grain aphis] (New England homestead. June 21, 1890. 24:216,
2 GOLD)
Grain apbis is quite prevalent in rye fields in New York and New Jersey.
[Insects killed by electric lights} (Albany evening journal. June 26,
1890, P. 5)
100,000, the estimated number of insects killed by one are light in a single
night.
Rose leaf hopper and rose slug.- (Country gentleman. July 3, 1890.
55: 538")
Notices the injurics to roses by Tettigonia [Typhlocyba] rosae Harr. and the
rose siug, Selandria [Monostegia] rosae Harr.
Sweet potato beetles. (Country gentleman. July 3, 1890. 55: 53879)
Notices briefly Cassida nigripes and Coptocycla aurichalcea [bicolor].

New bug. [Destructive apple tree insect] (New England homestead.
Ply G00) 24232. col. A)
Caterpillar boring into the pith of the new wood of apple trees is identified
as the eye-spotted bud moth, Tmetocera ocellana.
[Corn] cutworm. (Country gentleman. July 24, 1890. _ 55: 590%)
Identifies the boll worm or corn worm of the southern states, Heliothis arm-
iger, and gives a remedy.
Locust tree borer. (Country gentleman Aug. 14, 1890. 55: 6441)
Gives several preventives of attack by Cyllene robiniae.
Syrphus fly. (Country gentleman. Aug. 14, 1890. 55: 644°%)
Rat tailed larva found in a cow stable may be a species of Hristalis (it
proved to be £. tenaxz Linn.).
Elm tree beetle. (Country gentleman. Aug. 14, 1890. 55: 644%)
Recommends spraying with paris gieen and killing larvae on the trunks.
[Collections in Keene Valley, N.Y] (Albany evening journal. Aug.
10,7890. ~p. 6)
Brief notice of collections wade in the Adirondacks by the state entomolo-
gist, and of a reported disease of pine trees near Keene Valley. >
Insect parasites. (Country gentleman. Aug. 21, 1890. 55: 662")
Identifies Apanteles congregatus Say as a parasite of the green grape vine
Sphinx.
Carpet beetle. (Country gentleman., Aug. 21, 1890. 55: 662°%)

Gives remedies for Anthrenus scrophulariae.

[Severe bite of a horse fly] (Albany evening journal. Aug. 28, 1890.
p- 8)

Describes the effect of the painful bite of a horsefly, Tabanus atratus.

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LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 367

Curious jumping gall. (Popular science news. Aug. 1890. 24:119.
col. 1-3)
Curious insect from England is identified as probably the bedeguar of the
hawthorn, Cecidomyia crataegi Winnertz.
Midge or punky of the Adirondacks. (Albany evening journal. Sep. 5,
Fogo. p.*5, col.:2)
Punky or ‘ the little gray gnat’ is the name preferred for this insect.
[Mites infesting a water trough] (Albany evening journal. Sep. 5,
1890. Pp: 5, col..2)
Mites occurring at Schodack Center, N. Y., are probably Bryobia pratensis.
Spittle insects. (Country gentleman. Sep. 25, 1890. 55:759%*)
Gives characters and habits of spittle insects.
Mite parasitic on the house fly. (Albany evening journal. Oct. 1,
EeQo..1) p. 6, col. 2)
Some flies were infested with a red mite which is identified as Trombidium
muscarum Riley.
Pear leaf blister. (Country gentleman. Oct. 2, 1890. 55: 781°)
Identifies the work of Phytoptus pyri aud gives remedies.
Weevils in rye. (Country gentleman. Oct. 2,.1890. 55: 78275)
Weevil is probably Calandra granaria. Carbon bisulfid is recommended.
6th report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York.
Albany, James B. Lyon, state printer, 1890. [Issued Oct. 2, 1890]
Tro p., 25 fig. Also as report of the state entomologist to the regents
of the University of the State of New York, for the year 1889. (New
York state museum of natural history. 43d report, for the year 1889,

Pp. 99-206, fig. 1-25)

Contents PAGE
RIPEN hee eee ans wid fala Bion ine i eae cing Sle sien) doce Gee mnie 103
Notices of various insects:
Humenes fraternus Say, fraternal potter wasp -.-...--...---. 2-2-5 e200 ---- 109
Hypoderma bovis De Geer [also H. lineata], ox warble fly.-......---------- 111
Pers Pe SOUL Waste Wy Leos. lt. s ote etka sco, eho sos soe eee 116
Adalia bipunctata Linn., two spotted lady bird.........--.. NEA es See 117
Mrrmeses araorrus ain. bacon beetle. 225 sos2s Le lee weed hc oa eee 28 119
Agrilus rujicollis Fabr., raspberry gouty gall beetle. .-.....-....---...---. 123
Coptocycla aurichalcea Fabr. [bicolor Fabr.] golden tortoise beetle ....--. 125
Coptocycla clavata Fabr., clubbed tortoise beetle. ....................--- 126
Bruchus scutellaris Fabr. [chinensis Linn.], pea weevil ................... 127
Hymenorus obscurus Say, 2 bark beetle. .....-. 2-2. 122. - 22. wees ween cee eee 129
MehOe Go UstICOllis mays OUlWEEblES. 22.552 424s. 5 52% oh esos sc oeyscbed U. ooeL 130
Hpicauta vitatia Fabr., striped blister beetle.......-...-.....------- ------ 132
Epicauta cinereaForst., margined blister beetle..........-ce-sseece seccee 134

368 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Contents — concluded

Notices of various insects—continued: PAGE
Epicauta pennsylvanica DeGeer, black blister beetle..-..-...-.--.-------. 135
Pomphopoea sayt Le Conte, Say’s-blister beetle: --.. -2-- =. .--- 2-22 eee 136
Podisus spinosus Dallas, spined soldier beetles.2: 2242-7 <2. is Sec esoeeee obs is)
Prionidus cristatus Linn., hive pronged wheel bug.....--.- :-..-=-------ss5e6 138
‘Pulvinaria innumerabilis Rath., maple tree scale insect... -....--... 141
Aphis brassicae Linn., cabbage aphis ...--..---- ope Seapets nes dee 147
Gnrijllotalpa borealis Burm., mole erieket° 22-5. -...202. 2. Bee ee 149
Melanoplus femur-rubrum DeGeer, red legged grasshopper....-.--.---.---- “151
Some-apple: tree inseets.-.-.....: 2b. 2 ees Sasa ea eae eee 153

Notices of Arachnida:

Inodes [Boophilus] bovis Riley, cattle tick 2. ..2.25.2: 2-5-2222 - 5 eee 156
Bryobia pratensis Garman, infesting a dwelling house ....-....--.-.--. ---- 158
Appendix:
{A). List of publications of the cutomologist:..-. 2.2 s-232254.2-6- =e eee 165
(CB) Contributions to the department. :._1. 2222-3... .2 5.5. - 2 ee 186
Nr ere eee oad od on Senet eee Nei Sine 2 SSN Sern ee eee ces chee oe 191

Snails —slugs. (Country gentleman. Oct. 16, 1890. 55: 819")

Gives remedies for snails in mushroom beds.

Diseased Austrian pines. (Country gentleman. Oct. 16, 1890. 55:
82074)

Cause of unhealtby condition not known. Chionaspis pinifoliae Fiteh, a few

black thrips and some nites are present, but could not have caused the injury.
Manual of injurious insects. (Country gentleman. Oct. 16, 1890. °
mee o227 22")

Notice of a new edition of Miss E. A. Ormerod’s manual.

A guest to be welcomed in our homes. (Amsterdam [N. Y.] daily
democrat. Nov. 1, 1690, 5p. 2, col. 5)

Larva of Scenopinus fenestralis Linn. does not injure woolens or other
fabrics, but feeds only, so far as known, on the larvae and pupae of the
clothes moth.

Bean weevil. (Country gentleman. Nov. 13,1890. 55: 898%")

Gives life history of Bruchus obsoletus [obtectus] and remedies.

Larch saw fly. (Country gentleman. Nov. 13, 1890. 55:905%)
Ravages of Nematus [Lygaeonematus] erichsonii Hartig are described and
the remedy given.
Bot fly of the hare. (Country gentleman. Nov. 13,1890. 55 :go5**-6")
Notices Cuterebra cuniculi Fabr. aud Cuterebra emasculator Fitch. —
Insects infesting maple trees. (New England homestead. Nov. 15,
TO90;"* 247 Ccol.4)
Imperfect description does not admit of identification.

e

LINTNER! ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 369

Striped cucumber. beetle. (Country gentleman. Nov. \20, 1890.
55 1925"-26")
Gives remedies for Diabrotica vittata Fabr.
Woolly bear caterpillar—Pyrrharctia isabella. (Country gentleman. Nov.
27, 1890. 55:9417°)
A general account of its habits and life history.
Apple leaf bucculatrix. (Country gentleman. Dec. 4, 1890. 55: 962%)
Small white cocoons on apple twigs are identified as those of Bucculatrix

pomifoliella.
Squash bug. (Country gentleman. Jan. 8, 1891. 56: 33')

Gives the best remedies for this pest.

~Grain weevil infesting mills. (Country gentleman. Jan. 15, 1801.
Bo° 47°")

Kecommends bisulfid of carbon for Calandra granaria.

Protection from insect injuries. (Albany morning express. Jan. 23,
1891. p. 2,col.5) [Abstract of an address before the farmers’ in-
stitute at Albany, Jan. 22, 1891]

Genera] address on the losses caused by insects and means to be used against
them.

Bacon beetle. (Country gentleman. Feb. 12,1891. 56: 130%)
Records Dermestes lardarius in soiled clothing.

Insectivorous birds. (Albany evening journal. Feb. 14, 1891. p. 6,
col, 3)

Protecting the birds. (New York times, Feb. 15, 1891)
Remarks before the assembly committee on game laws, asking for such
amendments and additions to the revised game law as shall protect birds
beneficial to the agriculturist in the destruction of insect pests, and with-
holding protection from those which are detrimental ; prominent among these
last is the English sparrow.

Scale insects. (Country gentleman. March 26, 1891. 56: 25778)
Leaves of cleander and camellia show attacks of scale insects —the former

of Aspidiotus nerii Bouché and the Jatter of a species of ? Parlatoria.

Bark lice, (Country gentleman. Mar. 26. 1891. 56: 257%)
Gives remedies for scale insects.
Blind crustacean from a well. (Albany evening journal. Mar. 27, 1891.
pao.col 2: New York times. Mar. 23, 1891... p. 2, col. 5)
Small crustacean infesting a driven well of moderate depth, is identified as
Crangonyx mucronatus Forbes,

Injurious insects. (Country gentleman. Ap. 2, 1891. 56: 2737)
Treats of a number of insect pests and insecticides.

37° NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Quince tree borer. (Country gentleman. Ap. 9, 1891. 56: 294%).
Recommends soft soap and carbolic acid wash.

Honey dew on pear twigs. (Country gentleman. Ap. 16, 1891.
56: 317”)
It has no connection with apple scab. Probably the trees had been
attacked by Psylla pyri [pyricola].
Arsenic and honey — experiments. [Is arsenical spraying harmful to
honey bees ?] (Country gentleman. Ap. 16, 1891. 56: 317")
The liability of bees to be poisoned from blossoms sprayed with arsenites
should be determined by experiment.

Entomology. (37th annual meeting of the western New York horticul-
tural society. Proceedings. Jan. 28 and 29, r891. April 1891.
p- 10-17. Also, as separates, 8 p.)

Report of the society’s committee on entomology, upon ‘Spraying with
insecticides,’ and ‘Some garden and orchard insects.’ Topics embraced are:
Effect of london purple on the plum. London purple on the peach. Solubility
of london purple. An efficient nozzle for low spraying. Addition of lime to
the arsenites. Fungicides combined with the arsenites. Spraying for the
plum ecurculio. Spraying for the codling moth, New insecticidal machine.
Insecticides lately recommended. Protection from the striped cucumber
beetle. Apple curculio. Pear blight beetle. Rose bug. Marguerite fly.
Bean weevil.

How to control the hop aphis. (New England homestead. May 2,
TOQES 252493, Cola)
Gives remedies and manner of applying them.
Apple tree insects of early spring. «(Country gentleman. May 7, 1891.
56: 374°*-75") ) oe
The following are noticed: apple aphis, Aphis mali Fabr.; apple tree case
bearer, Coleophora malivorella Riley; eye spotted bud-moth, Tmetocera
ocellana Schiff.; apple leaf Bueculatrix, B. pomifoliella Clem.; pear tree Psylla,
Psylla pyri [pyricola], and remedies given.
Orange leaf trouble. (Country gentleman. May 7, 1891. 56: 37578)
Not caused by Typhlodromus oleivorus, but may possibly be owing to an
attack by a species of Lecanium or Ceroplastes.
How to kill the rose bug. (New England homestead. May g, 1891.
BE “205, Col a)
Recommends hand picking or spraying with sludge oil soap solution.
[Cermatia centipede.] (Albany morning express. May 19, 1891. p.
Rs a, COL a)

Pyrethrum recommended for the destruction of Cermatia [Scutigera] forceps.

Wire worms in corn. (Country gentleman. May 28, 1891. 56: 431%)

Gives several metbods of protecting recently planted corn.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS ay tk

Apple worm. (Country gentleman. May 28, 1891. 56: 438%)
Carpocapsa pomonella breeds in pears, plums, peaches and apricots, in addi-
tion to the apple.

Wheat insects. (Country gentleman. May 28, 1891. 56: 438%*)

Identifies an attack on wheat as probably that of Siphonophora avenae
[| Nectarophora granaria].

. Destructive to pears—A pest discovered in a Catskill orchard—Dzplosis
pyrivora. (Albany evening journal. May 30, 1891. p. 8, col. 1;
ime Ne Y.| June 1, 191." p. 3, col. 5)

Records the occurrence of the pear midge in the Catskill orchards and
points out its dangerous character.
Insect pests. (Oswego daily times. June 2, 1891. 49: 4, col. 2)
Notices a new case worm or Coleophora on apple, eye spotted bud worm,

Tmetocera ocellana, apple leaf Buceulatrix, B. pomifoliella and Aspidisca
splendoriferella.

Another formidable insect pest. (Oswego daily times. June 3, 1891
Hg =15,. col, 2-3)
Pear midge, Diplosis pyrivora, discovered at Catskill, N. Y. Gives its
injuries, life history and methods of controlling it.

Melon and strawberry pests. (Country gentleman. June 4, 1891.
56: 457") ei
~ Treats of Aphis cucumeris | gossypii] and the flea like negro bug, Corimelaena
pulicaria Germ.
Peacw tree borer. (Country gentleman. June 4, 1891. 56: 457%)
Gives a number of remedies for this insect. 3
A serious danger—New pest that threatens the pear crop. (New
England homestead. June 13, 1891. 25: 249, col. 4)
Introduction of the pear midge, Diplosis pyrivora, injuries and remedies.
Gartered plume moth. (Country gentleman. June 18, 1891. 56:
497°) :
Brief account of Oxyptilus periscelidactylus.
[New onion pest] (Albany evening journal. June 19, 1891. p. 8,
col. 5) y
Notices Agrotis ypsilon Rott., or the black cut worm—a common and wide-
spread species not previously reported on onions.
New strawberry pest. (Country gentleman. June 25,1891. 56:5157")
Records Serica tristis LeConte, as a strawberry pest.

Lady bird and cherry aphis. (Country gentleman. July 2, 1891.

56: 537"')
Notices black cherry aphis Myzus cerasi, and 15 spotted lady bird, Anatis
15-punctata [ocellata].

272 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

SS

Beet insects. (Country gentleman. July 16, 1891. 56:577*)
The serious injury to beets is in part due probably to Lygus pratensis, species
of flea beetles, and some leaf miner, probably a species of Anthomyia.

Apple aphis. (Country gentleman. July 16, 1891. 56:578")
Severe attack of Aphis mali Faor. is recognized and remedies given.
Pear tree psylla. (Country gentleman. Aug. 6, 1891. 56: 637%)
General notice, giving introduction, distribution and remedies for Psylla.
pyricola.
Insects injuring red raspberries. (Rural New Yorker. Aug. 8, 1891.
50:577, col. 3)

Caterpillar fuund on red raspberry is identified as Synchlora nubinpae
[glaucaria].
Pine beetle injuring linen. (Country;gentleman. Aug. 27, 1891. 56:
706")
Records injury to linen by a beetle, probably a Ptinid, which was boring
in pine shelving.
Foe of the Kilmarnock willow. (Orange county farmer. Sep. 3, 1891.
EO: \1,.Col; 2)
Ideutifies the apple tree bark louse, Mytilaspis pomorum Bouché, on Kilmar-
nock willows and gives remedies.
New dairy pest. (Oswego semi-weekly times. Sep. 4, 1891. 2:1,
col. 1) .
General account of the cow-horn fly [Haematobia serrata] giving introduc-
tion, injuries and remedies.
Cow horn fly in New York. (Country gentleman. Sep. 10, 1891. 56:
15oe) |
Gives injuries, distribution and remedies for Haematobia serrata.
Leaf eating beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 10, 1891. 56: 7354)
Beetle taken on a cherry tree is Huphoria fulgida Fabr.
Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 10, 1891. 56: 735%°)
Larvae are probably those of Galeruca xanthomelaena [Galerucella luteola].
Grape curculio. (Country gentleman. Sep.10, 1891. 56: 735%")
Records injuries by the grape curculio, Craponius inaequalis Say, and gives a
preventive.
Measuring worm. (Country gentleman. Sep. ro, 1891. 56:735%)
Caterpillar sent for name may be Hutrapela [Sabulodes] transversata Drury.
Rat tail larva. (Country gentleman. Sep. 10,1891. 56: 735%)
Rat tail larva is one of the Syrphidae, resembles Helophilus latifrons.
Locust mite. (Country gentleman. Sep. 24, 1891. 56: 7751)

Locust mite, Trombidium locustarum Riley, is named, and its life history
briefly given.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS Ey

.

Cecropia caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Sep. 24, 1891. 56: 7777")

Describes the markings and beauty of the Cecropia caterpillar.

An interesting caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Oct. 1, 1891.
56: 797")
Describes the cocoon of Artace punctisiriga and gives briefly the features
of Cerura caterpillars.
Grape vine leaf hopper. (Country gentleman. Oct.8,1891. 56 :815%")
Mentions the leaf hoppers, Erythoneura vitifex Fitch [ Typhlocyba comes Say]
and E. vitis [Typhlocyba comes var.] with remedies.
[Extraordinary flight of meths] (Albany evening journal. Oct. 20, 1891.
col. 5)
Records a flight continuing for two nights and a day of Zerene [Cingilia]
ca’enaria Drury.
Squash bug. (Country gentleman. Oct. 22, 1891. 56: 854‘)
Anasa tristis DeGeer is identified and a brief sketch of its habits and trans-
formations given. .

A destructive potato aphis. (Country gentleman. Oct. 22, 1891.
56: 857”)
Records serious injuries to potatoes by a plant louse.
White grubs. (Country gentleman. Oct. 29, 1891. 56 ; 87546)
White grubs sent for name may be those of Lachnosterna fusca Frohl.
Sprayed grapes are harmless. (Entomological news. Noy. 1891.
22 EOL)
There is not a poisonous amount of copper on the grapes and their destrue-
tion was unwarranted.
Pear midge, Diplosis pyrivora, in New York. (Canadian entomologist.
MOM SQL. 23 : 224)
Noticed for the first time in New York the present year at Catskill, N. Y.

On the eye spotted bud moth in western New York. (Canadian
entomologist. Nov. 1891. 23: 231)

Abuudance of Tmetocera ocellana, habits of the caterpillar, remedies.

On some of our Orgyias. (Canadian entomologist. November 1891.
222232)
Does Orgyia [Notolophus] definita occur at Albany? Is O. nova [ Notolophus
antiqua] identical with O. [Notolophus] antiqua of Europe ?

Killing the pea weevil. (Rural New Yorker. Ap. 2, 1892. Bek Loar
col. 2-3)

Bruchus pisi [ pisorum] may be killed by heat or the vapor of bisulfid of
carbon.

Early ‘ grasshoppers.’ (Country gentleman. Ap. 14, EOQ2.) hz ASO +a 7A4)

Notices a very early appearance of the young of the green striped locust,
Chimarocephala [Chortophaga] viridifasciata De Geer.

374 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

7th report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York.
Albany, James B. Lyon, state printer, 1891 [Issued May 8, 1892]
210p., 40 fig. Also as report of the state entomologist for the year
1890. (New York state museum. 44th annual report, for the year

1890. p. 197-405, fig. 1-40)

Contents
PAGE { . PAGE
qntrodmetoby< 82 52). 552 52-. Soe 215 Krebus. odora. 22225. 2s ee 306
Injurious insects.-......-..----.-- 223 | | Tmetocera ocellana, eye spotted
Aulacomerus lutescens [ Trichio- | bud “moth... .~...232.63. 23 306
campus viminalis], poplar saw | Cecidomyia balsamicola, balsam ~
Hace. Wet es Oe ee eee a aa eet Cecidomyia 2.24322. eee 307
Pyrrharectia isabella, black and | Cecidomyia sp ? within a jumping
red: woolly bear?. 2.54 2. .422 225 gall (.22..0. ii eee
Helophilus latifrons—one of the Epilachna borealis, northern lady
SUR OE 1012 Se eae Ba eee 228 bird.. .--. .....20u 22a
Chloropisca prolifica [variceps Sitodrepa panicea, as a leather
Loew], prolific Chlorops...--- 234 beetle .. -2..s-2. <<...
Phytomyza chrysanthemi, chrysan- _ Aphodius fimetarius, a -dung
ihemtim fy 52.22 it Se Le Se 242 beetle. . 22202054... 312
Dynastes tityus, rhinocerus beetle 246 Saperda candida, round beaded
Bruchus obsoletus [obtectus], bean apple-tree borers. 5 Siseee 313
SYCOVUl Acie ten Ses 255 | Diabrotica 12-punctata, 12 spotted
Bruchus rufimanus, European Diabrotiea . . 222)... -s. eee 315
bean Weevalsoo540< secsie ees 279 Phytonomus punctatus, fungus
Bruchus lentis, lentil weevil .... 285 | infesting. if... =-.2..2 oe eee 315
Conotrachelus nenuphar, plum _ Monarthrum mali, apple tree
icnive a. +5 BE es te 288 | bark ‘beetle... 52222 aeeee eee 316
Cicada septendecim, periodical | Aphis brassicae, cabbage aphis, 317
Ciéadapn bes. he Aen Aa este 296 | ? Myrmeleon immaculatus, a
Brief notes on various insects.... 302 strange habitat for the larva.. 318
Ocneria [ Porthetria | dispar, gypsy | Dendroleon obsoletum, «2 climbing
TAGES. ee Soles pop SS aie s oy Pose 302 | ant lion <2. 2. #-4--. 36 eee 319
Spilosoma virginica, yellow woolly Injurioas arthropods -....-<.2--5— 321
iene ays set 2 sore Bees 304 | Bryobia pratensis, clover mite... 321
Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis, | Cermatia [Scutigera] forceps—a
Dag Werte. oes ee ees 306 household centipede......---. 324
Appendix
(A) Entomological contributions 3... -..-.--5-.-...+- 222 soon oe eee 331
Insects of the past year and progress in insect studies ......----.--------- 331
Late experiences with insects injurious to the orchard and garden.--..--- 342
(B). List. of publications of the entomologist - -.......2. .s---- 3-524 sesseee 357
(C) Contributions to the department.....--..--.---- (es ek eo 381

General index ....-... = ida’ ee S Ady <a estae kes eS GRE ee ee 385

-

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 375

Cluster flles—Pollenita rudis. (Country gentleman. May 5, LOO Ae 57:
358")

The fly identified, its habits, features, and remedies for it given.

Slugs on pear trees. (Country gentleman. May 19, 1892. 57: 38776)
An attack on peartrees is recognized as that of the pear tree slug,
Eriocampa cerasi Peck [Hriocampoides limacina Retz.], and remedies given.

Cherry tree aphis on the wild goose plum. (Country gentleman. May
Be iog2. 57: 407")

Identifies Myzus cerasi Fabr. on the wild goose plum, and states that the
species on the burning bush was probably Aphis rumicis Linn.

Scurfy bark louse. (Country gentleman. June g,1892. 57:458!1)
Identifies Chionaspis furfurus Fitch and gives several remedies.
Harlequin cabbage bug. (Country gentleman. June 9g, 1892. 57:
458")
General aceount of Murgantia histrionica Hahn with remedies.
mean mee Psylla, (Science. Jtine 17, 1892. 19: 343-44)
Notices injuries to pear trees by Psylla pyri [ pyricola] and Diplosis pyrivora.
Apple tree tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. June 23, 1892.
57: 492")

Gives remedies for Clisiocampa americana Fabr.

Aster and lily pests. (Country gentleman. June 23, 1892. 57: 492")

- Injuries attributed to Aphis middletonii and thousand legged worms.

Cow horn fly. (Country gentleman. June 30, 1892. 57: 501”)
The spread of Haematobia serrata is noticed and remedies given.

‘Meal worm—TZenebrio obscurus. (Country gentleman. June 30, 1892.

57: 501")
Notices the American meal worm, Tenebrio obscurus Fabr., and the European,
T. molitor, with remedies.
Pear leaf blister. (Country gentleman. June 30, 1892. 57:504”)
Identifies the pear leaf blister mite, Phytoptus pyri, and gives remedies.

injumes to a maple tree. (Country, gentleman. July, 23, 1892.
57: 552") i
Identifies the maple tree borer, Glycobius [ Plagionotus] speciosus and gives
remedies.

Cauliflower pest. (Country gentleman. Aug. 11, 1892. 57: 600%)
Pieris rapae is identified as injurious to the cauliflower and remedies given.
Pear eating beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 1892. 57: 667”)

Brief notice of Euphoria inda Linn. injuring pears.

Rose leaf caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 1892. 57 : 66735)

Records Parasa chloris H.-S. on rose leaves.

376 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

>

Strawberry root grub. (Country gentleman. Sep. 8, 1892. 57: 667°")

€

Gives remedies for the white grub infesting strawberry roots.

Black blister beetle. (Country gentleman. Sep. 15, 1892. 57: 689%)

Food plants and remedies given for Epicauta pennsylvanica De Geer.

Hag moth caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Sep. 22, 1892. 57: 709%")
Peculiar features of the larva of Phobetron pithecium are given.
Remedy for the army worm. (Country gentleman. Oct. 6, 1892.
572750") A'c3
Recommends ditching, barriers, poisoning strips, etc.
Weevil ina granary. (Country gentleman. Oct. 6, 1892. 57: 750°)

Describes manner of using bisulfid of carbon,

Spotted horn bug. (Country gentleman. Oct. 13, 1892. 57: 767%")

Records injuries by Dynastes tityus Linn. to ripe pears.

Cabbage worms. (Country gentleman. Oct. 13, 1892. 57: 767%)

Recommends sprinkling with corn meal.

Tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Oct. 13,1892. 57: 767%)
Gives best remedies for this inseet, Clisiocampa americana.
Kerosene emulsion. (Country gentleman. Oct. 13, 1892. 57: 767%)
Directions for preparing the ewulsion are given.
Will the cow horn fly remain with us? (Country gentleman. Oct. 13,
1892, 57: 769%)

Haematobia serrata is no more injurious in this state than Stomoxys calci-
trans.

Thrips attack on cabbage. (Country gentleman. Oct. 27, 1892. 57:
8097") |
Records an attack on cabbage by a species of Thrips [probably T. tabaci].
Tischeria apple leaf miner. (Country gentleman. Oct. 27, 1892. 57:
809°**)
General notice ot Tischeria malifoliella Clem. with remedies.
Distribution of the pear Psylla. (Country gentleman. Nov. 3, 1892.
57: 831")
Introduction and known distribution of Psylla pyricola.

Cow horn fly in New York. (Country gentleman. Nov. 10,1892. 57:
847”)

Gives distribution in this state of Haematobia serrata.

Apple tree Bucculatrix. (Country gentleman. Dec. 22, 1892. 57:
967”)

Identifies Bucculatrixc pomifoliella.

LINTNER: ENYOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 397

How to prevent the ravages of the cabbage maggot. (Gardening. Feb.
mesos: kU ss, te. I—3)

Names a vumber of rewnedies and preventives.

A destructive elm tree bark borer. (Garden and forest. Feb. 15,
1893. 6:76) .

A general notice of Saperda tridentata Oliv. in the white elm and giving
remedies.
iamt lice. (Country gentleman. Mar. 9, 1393. 58: 186")
Methods of fighting root infesting aphids.

Angoumois moth — Sttotroga cerealella. (Country gentleman. Mar. 9,
megs: 59: 188"—89”)

General] acconnt of its history, distribution, injuries and remedies.

Report of the committee on entomology. (Western New York horticul-
tural society. Proceedings, January 1893. p. 28-43. Also, separate
with cover and title, Mar. 21, 1893. 1316p.) [Read before the society
at its annual meeting, Jan. 26, 1893]

Notices the following: Destructive shade tree pests, gypsy moth, Ocneria
[ Porthetria] dispar, Zeuzera pyrina, and elm borer, Saperda tridentata.
Periodical cicada. (Country gentleman. Mar. 23, 1893. 58: 226%)
Predicts the appearance of Cicada septendecim in 1894, and gives means of
preventing serious injury.

. Mites attacking mushrooms. (Country gentleman. Mar. 23, 1893.
58: 228%_2914)

Notices several species of mites, among them Deule Tyroglyphus rostroser-
ratus and Bryobia pratensis.

Flower crickets and apple twigs. (Country gentleman. Mar. 30, 1893.
BO: 240")

Comments on the oviposition of Oecanthus niveus and Oecanthus fasciatus.

Onion fly—fhorbia ceparum. (Country gentleman. Mar. 30, 1893.

58: 246%)
Onion fly compared with the cabbage fly, gous [ Phorbia] brassicae
Bouché and remedies given. "s

Miss Ormerod’s report. (Country gentleman. Ap. 13, 1893. 58: 2897)

Briefreview of Miss Ormerod’s 16th report.
Myriapods and mites in scabby potatoes. (Country gentleman. Ap. 27,
negz. 56: 320)

_ Records injuries to potatoes by a ‘thousand legged worm,’ Julus caeruleo-
cinctus Wood, and khizoglyphus phylloxerae. The scab is caused by a fungus,
Oospora scabies Thaxter.

378 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Spraying for codling moth. (Country gentleman. Ap. 27, 1893. 58:
329”) |
Describes the method of spraying for this insect.
[Insects on lettuce and cabbage] (Gardening, May 4, 1393.12 Bone
COl. 2)
Notices Plusia simplex on lettuce, Plusia brassicae and Aphis brassicae on
cabbage.
Clover hay worm— /yralis costalis Fabr. (Country gentleman. May 4,

1893. 58: 349"°)
General account of the life history, ravages and remedies.
When to spray. (Country gentleman. May 11, 1893. 58: 3687)
Gives directions for preparing and applying insecticides for a number of
common insects. :
Clover leaf weevil. (Country gentleman. May 18, 1893. 58: 386-8714)
General notice of Phytonomus punctatus, giving its introduction, distribution

and remedies.

Apple tree borer. (Country gentleman. May 18, 1893. 58: 387!)
Identifies Saperda candida Fabr., refers to Chrysobothris femorata Fabr., and
gives remedies.
Bud worm. (Country gentleman. May 18,.1893. 58: 3877)

Recommends spraying with paris green for Tmetocera ocellana.

Danger to apple buds. (New York homestead. May 25, 1893.
24: 236, col. 4)
Tmetocera ocellana received from Lancaster, N. Y., remedies are given.
Pear midge. (Albany evening journal. May 30, 1893. p 6, col. 5)
Records appearance of Diplosis pyrivora in Columbia and Greene counties in
this state.
Invasion of plant lice in New York. (American farmer. June 1, 1893.
Ae TCO). Ay)
Unusual abuudance of the apple tree aphis, Aphis mali, and remedies for it
and the hop aphis.

Apple tree aphis. (Country gentleman. June 8, 1893. 58:44973)

Brief notice of Aphis mali. °
Some potato pests. (Country gentleman. June 8, 1893. 58: 449")
Treats of injuries to potatoes by the cucumber flea beetle, Crepidodera
[Epitrix] cucumeris and Julus caeruleocinctus.
Greenhouse pest. (Gardening. June 15, 1893 1: 313, col. 1-3)

General account of species of Sciara infesting greenhouses and mushroom
beds [subsequently described as Sciara coprophila aud S. caldaria].

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 3279

Apple tree aphis. (American farmer. June 15, 1893. 74:8, col. 6)
Impossible to predict injury by aphids. Gives remedies for plant lice and
for T'metocera ocellana.
Immense;swarms of a butterfly. (New York homestead. June 22, 1893.
e273. COL. .1—2)
_ Describes the swarming habit of the milk weed batterfly, Danais archippus
Fabr. [Anosia plextppus Linn. ]
New peach insect. (Country gentleman. June 29, 1893. 58:508%)
Records injuries to peaches by a plant bug, Pentatoma juniperina Linn.

Caterpillar on rye. (Country gentleman. June 29, 1893. 58: 50878)

Identifies the larva of Leucania albilinea Hiibn. on rye and mentions the
army worm, Leucania unipuncta.
Hellgramite fly. (Country gentleman. June 29, 1893. 58: 508%)
Describes the pupa of Corydalis cornuta Liun. and gives its habits and
transformations briefly.
Ants on fruit trees. (Country gentleman. July 6, 1893. 58: 523!)
Camponotus herculaneus Linn. and Cremastogaster cerasi Fitch are briefly
noticed. ; .
New grape vine pests. (Country gentleman. July 6, 1893. - 58: 5231")
Records severe raveges by Anomala marginata and gives remedies.
Ants on peonies. (Country gentleman. July 6, 1893. 58:5247°)
Ants are probably merely drawn to the flowers for the purpose of feeding on
the sweet secretion of the buds.
Three lined leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. July 6, 1893. 58:524”)
Gives the destruetive habits of Lema trilineata in gardens, specially to
potatoes. ‘
Useful beetle. (Country gentleman. July 6, 1893. 58:524°)
Describes Calosoma sycophanta of Europe and compares it with our Calosoma
scrutator, and gives their beneficial habits.
[Angoumois moth] (Orange county farmer. July 6, 1893. 12:4,
Cole)
' Identifies Sitotroga cerealella Oliv. and gives remedies.
[Wheat midge in central New York] (Albany evening journal. July ro,
Tega p..6, Col. 9)
Notices the preseuce of the insect [ Diplosis tritici] and its earlier ravages.
Wheat head army worm. (Country gentleman. July 13, 1893. 58: 53924)

Brief account of Leucania albilinea injuring timothy.

Zebra caterpillar. (Country gentleman. July 13, 1893. 58: 53979)
Mamestra picta injuring the leaves and pods of peas, its feeding habits and
remedies.

380 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Wheat weevil. (Country gentleman. July 13, 1893. 58: 54074)

Gives remedy for weevils in wheat.

Ground beetle. (Country gentleman. July 13, 1893. 58:54076)
States that larvae of ground beetles are most probably not injurious to
roots of watermelons.

Maple tree borer. (Country gentleman. July 20, 1893. - 5Ou55y 5

Glycobius [ Plagionotus] speciosus is identified and remedies indicated.

Insect on wistaria. (Country gentleman. July 20, 1893. 58: 55779)
Describes the two spotted tree hopper, Lnchenopa binotata Say, and gives
remedies.

Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. July 20, 1893. 58: 5588)

Beetle is identified and a number of references given.

Water beetle. (Country gentleman. July 20, 1893. 58:558?°)
Identifies Dytiscus harrisii Kirby and gives habits.
Silk worm moth. (Country gentleman. July 20, 1893. 58: 5587")

Brief popular notice of Telea polyphemus Cramer.

Woolly plant louse. (Country gentleman. July 20, 1893. 58: 558%)
The rather rare Pemphigus acerifolii Riley, is identified on maple, and reme-
dies given.

Walnut span worm. (Gardening. Aug. 15, 1893. 1:377, col. 2)

A ‘brown worm’ injuring black walnut trees in Kansas City is probably
Boarmia [Coniodes] plumigeraria Hulst.

How to control the squash bug. (Gardening. Aug. 15, 1893. 1:
377-78, col. 3, 1) |
Trapping the adults, Anasa tristis, destroying the young and eggs recom-
mended.

Humming bird moth. (Country gentleman. Aug.17,1893. 58: 6341)

Gives the characters of Sesia uniformis [Hemaris thysbe var. ruficaudus].

Bag worm. (Country gentleman. Aug.17, 1893. 58: 634”)

Bag worm or basket worm, Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis, is identitied.

Grain weevil. (Country gentleman. Aug. 31, 1893. 58:674 )
Describes the method of treating infested wheat.

Insects of the past year and progress in insect studies. [Read before
the Albany institute Ap. 15, 1890] (Albany institute. Transactions.
[August] 1893. 12: 227-40)

Treats of the grain aphis, Siphonophora avenae [ Nectarophora granaria], hop
aphis, Phorodon humuli, apple tree tenfcaterpillar, Clisiocampa americana,
white marked tussock moth, Orgyia [Notolophus] leucostigma, forest tent cater-
pillar, Clisiocampa sylvatica [disstria], Otiorhynchus ovatus and Silvanu

surinamensis.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 381

Cabbage aphis. (Country gentleman. Sep. 14, 1893. 58: 717!%)
Aphis brassicae Linn. diffieult to control, insecticides recommended.
Beetle destroying strawberry plants. (Albany evening journal. Sep.
et eO3. p. 1, COol..6)
Records injuries to strawberry plants by Paria aterrima [Typophorus
canellus].

Plugging trees with sulfur. (Country gentleman. Sep. 28, 1893.
58 : 753”)

Exposes the worthlessness of the ‘sulfur cure’ and cites experiment by Dr
Fitch. i

Black blister beetle attack on asters. (Gardening. Oct. 1, 1893.
waa, COl. 3)

Records injuries to asters by Hpicauta pennsylvanica DeGeer, and gives
remedies.

- Clover seed caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Oct. 5,1893. 58: 7739)

A general notice of Grapholitha interstinctana Clem., giving life history and
remedies,
Grasshopper plague in New York. (Country gentleman. Oct. 12,
1893. 58: 793") |
A general account of Melanoplus femur-rubrum and M. atlanis, with notice
of their operations, associated species and remedies.
Potato beetle killer. (Orange county farmer. Oct. 19, 1893. 13:1,
col. 7) :

Bectle seut as ‘tbe new potato bug killer,’ is identified as Lebia grandis.

Insect pests. (Gardening. Nov. 15, 1893. 2:77)
In too poor condition to identify, one referred with doubt to Sphinx dru-
piferarum.
On arse ical spraying of fruit trees while inblossom. (Insect life. 1893.
6: 181-85) ;
Not proven [since demonstrated] that death of bees may be due to spraying
with arsenicals. Recommends caution.
8th report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York
for the year 1891. Albany, University of the State of New York.
megs. -jissted Feb. 7, 1894| 218 p., 53 fig.. (New York state
museum, 45th annual report for the year 1891. Albany, University
of the State of New York, 1892. [Issued in Feb. 1894] p. 103-

320, fig. 53)'

382 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Contents
PAGE PAGE
Introductory. .¢<. 5. 2 eee 121 Pulvinaria innumerabilis, maple
Injurious insects: 2~- 2. 322-222 22% 129 tree scale insect........--... 17
Synchlora glaucaria, raspberry Gryllus luctuosus, common black
weomeber sos) fe hss iceasieeee 129 eni¢kel?. 2.33122 os ee 179
Bucculatriz canadensisella, birch Trombidium locustarum, locust
leaf Bucculatrix...--.-. Pe 133 MNte - 222+. 22+ eres cree eee ee 179
Diplosis pyrivora, pear midge... 140 Insect attacks—their remedies and

preventives ..-2: 2.3 2s 181

Clastoptera obtusa. obtuse Clas-
Remedies forthe peach tree borer 181

WOUECI LS LS Soe aha a ea 152 : : .
ee: : An ichneumouized caterpillar—
Clastoptera pini [obtusa], pine a ; : a.
: interesting case of parasitisin. 186
Clastopieran 2 ooo See 2 ee 153 Bee ae ak ets :
{grotis ypsilon .) anew onion
Chauliodes pectinicornis, eomb ee aa
ving pest ..-2. 2. 205.2 ae 188
Horned) fish bys 3) oe eee 155 ; ee
: Gortyna | Hydroecia] nitela, stalk
Corydalis cornuta, horned Cory-
aatig 159 borer, as an external feeder.. 191
; | Seka pope tas REET UES Cow born fly in New York...-.. 192
Notes on various insects.......--. 163 ‘ ;
E Wire worms and remedies for
Thalessa lunator, lunate long shad 197
aun re Sree tI Er eae sia Rose bug and how to kill it.... 260
panes, fapiven fee Lenieg vrs cur: Glycobius [Plagionotus] specio-
rant stem “girdler: 22. 5.22.2: 166 Mae 1 hae 902
Nematus [Lygaeonematus] erich- ous PAY, Map She ae
. ge Anasa tristis De Geer, squash
soni, larch saw tly. 2. -- 2... 168 sey? 205
: = ur i } Bcc e es 7 See
Feniseca tarquinius, little orange Hop vine aphis and remedies. -. 209
ee 1 Aphis cucumeris Forbes [gossy-
Eudryas [Euthisanotia] grata, pii], melon aphis 210
bani is ee ny raph aeseren gD Aphis cucumeris [gossypii] and
Se ans Scale | Corimelaena pulicaria,as melon
<p a gt aa i pa oe and strawberry pests. ......-. 212
Exechia species?, a tungus gnat. 172 Seale insects on camellias au
Telephorus? bilineatus, occurring oleandé¥ <ccls cee 214
ISL DEE a A Se SE a 172 Grape vine scale insect, Leca-
Lachnosterna fusca, white grub of nium. sp.?.--. -... ooo 1915
the May beetle...........--. 174 | Apple tree insects of early
Cyllene pictus, hickory borer.... 175 spring... 6200420. 23 5saee 216
Tenebrio molitor, meal worm.... 176 Some injurious insects of 1890 .. 221
Appendix
(A) Entomological addresses<--- .225..- 22. 122... bee cee cee. oe 227
Some injurious insects of Massachusetts .:.... .:--.- J-2.25-24202 =e 227
Our insect enemies and how to meet them... ......-..----.---.-------- 258
(B) Publications of the entomologist during 1891 .........-.-. .2...7 eee 278
(C) Publications of the entomologist for 1875 and 1876. .........--. ---- =.=. 290 .
(D) Contributions to the department. .2-- =... -... ...2.. .j2oc-ien ee oe 296
(E) Classified list of insects noticed in this report. ...2..-:---. --2S2.aeeeee 302 ,

Géneral Madex cs oo os ose et eee ee ee eee ere wee tic dike bee eee 304

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 383

(Florist’s exchange. Feb. 10, 1894.

Grubs destroying Mermet roses.
6. 170,,col: 1) )

Grubs working at roots of roses are probably a species of Lachnosterna.
?

Remedies are given.

gth report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York,

for the year 1892. Albany, University of the State of New
Wotk.» 1693. [issued Mar. .2, 1894 | 211 p., 34 fig. (New York

state museum, 46th report, for the year 1892.

| of the State of New York.
fig 34)

Albany, University

1892. [Issued in March, 1894] p. 289-495

Contents

“SPS 2 ge 293
General notes for the year.....-... 295
Injurious insects :
Anthrenus scrophulariae and At-
tagenus piceus, two carpet bee-

535 ee 299
Tenebrio obscurus Fabr., Ameri-
Cinewmeal-worm-.°.----..----- 307
Pollenia rudis Fabr., cluster
MEPS Soe ote ew et a OOD
Murgantia histrionica Hahn, har-
lequin cabbage bug .......-... 315
Psylla pyricola Fuerster, pear
MECeM Sy lia =... S55 2 ee 317
Choriophaga viridifasciata De

Geer, green striped locust.... 330.
Notes on yarious inseets, ete.
Lriocampa cerasi Peck, [Frio-
campoides Retz. ],
cherry tree or pear tree slug .. 335
Papilio [Heraclides] cresphontes
Ciamer, yellow banded swal-

limacina

Seamer ee ae cee 2 336
Podosesia . syringae Harris,
mea baner 20522002... 2.2. 838
Carpocapsa pomonella Linn., eod-
DIPONMION Fi ow sei o 64. 54 O08
Dynastes tityus Linn., as a fruit
CANCE masepiiett ce ea BED.

Crioceris asparagi Linn., aspara-
PUB NEOUE 2 wage oe het 342
systena frontalis Fabr., injuring
eooseberry foliage.......---.. 313
Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus,
Pennsylvania soldier beetle .. 344

| PAGE
Notes on various insects, (contin’d)

Pissodes strobi Peck, white pine .

EC 10 RI cee eee ie eR 20 Ns 344
Myzus cerasi Fabr , cherry tree>

AND LMS Raat gk eee AEE oa 345
Pemphigus tessellata Fitch, alder

Dliehh apis: 3s case ee 346
Phylloxera vitifoliae Fitch, grape

wine P hyWoxobacc. 2 me 347

Crangonyx mucronatus Forbes, a

blind shrimp in wells .-...-.. 347
Insectivorous birds for protec-
PAGN te ce fe act cate, eee Sa 349

Insect attacks:

Resistance of fleas to insecticides 352

White grubs injuring nursery
stock. ... deh ene oe

White grub eaten by the robin.. 356

Elaphidion parallelum Newm.
[villosum Fabr.], maple tree
WMOMNOE Es eae Awe ans oes em ies 397

Diabrotica vittata Fabr., striped
encumber beetles -s- 4.2. = tee 361
Craponius inaequalis Say, grape
CUE Wee See cate ee 364
Phloeotribus liminaris Harris,
peach bark scolytus.../...... 365
An unrecognized attack on peas 368
Plum tree aphis, and brown rot 368
Myzus ribis Linn., currant aphis 370
Aphids and myriapods as aster
andr lily pests. oS so5e0s oe 371
Some apple tree insects ---..-.. 372
Heat MSVCkH jose waved. ewe eee 374
Diseased Austrian pines........ 376

384 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM
Appendix

: PAGE
(A) Catalogue of the known Homoptera of the state of New York in 1851... 381
(B)Fiitomolories| addresses xfs225 m2 (aes. Ries See ae eee 414
(C) List of publications of the entomologist ...-........-.---. ue esoeene 439
(D) Publications of the entomologist during the years 1870-1874 ........... 446
(E) Contributions:tothe departinent? =. ...22 22. ae a ee 461
(FY Classified list.of insects noticed in the report: -.252_. 22222. 22 eee 465
General index of 2 oa: = 2 Sia ee eae ee ceed sow alee Ses Coes a 467

Maple tree scale insect. (Gardening. Mar. 15,1894. 2: 206)

Ip the absence of examples the seale is identified as probably Pulvinaria
innumerabilis Rathv. and remedies given.
Rose slug. (Gardening. Ap. 1, 1894. 2: 230)

Gives remedies for common rose slug, Monostegia rosae, mentions bristly
rose worm, Cladius pectinicornis Four., and curled rose worm, Emphytus
cinctus Linn. |

White worms at the roots of house plants. (Gardening. Ap. 15, 1894.
2 2n7 sCOL, 2)
Recommends strong mustard water, tobacco or pyrethrum water.

Apple maggot — 7rypeta pomonella. (Country gentleman. May 3,
1894. 59: 349") |

Identifies the insect and gives remedies.

The foe of shade trees. (Albany evening journal. May 7, 1894)
Notice of the elm borer, Saperda tridentata, giving remedies.
Cotton wood beetle. (Syracuse union. May g, 1894. p. 2, col. 1)
Identifies Lina scripta Fabr., giving its earlier bistory and-remedies.
Insect that kills the pine tree borers. (Gardening. May 15, 1894.
2: 292, col. 2) 2
Notices the introduction of Clerus formicarius for the purpose of preying on

Dendroctonus frontalis.

Probably white grubs. (Country gentleman. May 17, 1894.
59 : 386)
Recommends kerosene emulsion for white grubs in a lawn.
Periodical cicada, or the 17 year locust. (Issued as a circular of four
pages. Albany. June 19, 1894)
Brief general account of Cicada septendecim and C. tredecim.
Pear leaf blister mite. (Country gentleman, June21, 1894. 59: 468%)
Identifies an attack by Phytoptus pyri and gives remedies.

Chestnut weevil. (Country gentleman. July 5, 1894. 59: 5041)
The ‘chestnut worm’ is identified as probably Balaninus caryatrypes
[ proboscideus],

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 385

Rose bugs. (Country gentleman. July 5, 1894. 59.5041")

Recommends collecting by mechanical devices as deseribed by Dr Smith.

Friendly insects. (Country gentleman. July 5, 1894. 59: 504?)
Identifies the twice stabbed lady bird, Chilocorus bivulnerus Muls., and
describes its beneficial Labits.
Hellgramite fly. (Country gentleman. July 12, 1894. 59:52079)
Corydalis cornuta identified. Its larva is known to fishermen as ‘the
— dobson.’
Plant lice at the roots of asters, etc. (Gardening. Juiy 15, 1894.
e256; col, 1)
Root lice attacking asters, chrysanthemums and other plants are probably
Aphis middletonii Thos., several remedies are given.
Ants in strawberry beds. (Country gentleman. Aug. 2, 1894.
59: 568")
Recommends bisulfid of carbon for the destruction of their nests or hills.
Grape vine caterpillar. (Country gentleman. Aug. 2,1894. 59:56816)
Identifies Thyreus abbotii and refers oue ‘looking like a snake with the
head of a frog’ to the Geometridae.

Enemies of the potato beetle. (Country gentleman. Aug. 2, 1894.
59:568”)
States that there are many enemies of the Colorado potato beetle.

Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. Aug. 16, 1894. 59:6007°)
Spraying the foliage with paris green or lo: don purple is recommended.
Above ground buildings of the 17 year cicada. (New York daily

mpc. Aus. 21, 1894. p. £2, col? z)
Brief abstract of a paper read before the American association for the
advancement of science.
Worm destroying canna leaves. (Florist’s exchange. Sep. 8, 1894.
6:788) |
Insects are identified as Pamphila [Calpodes] ethlius and as aie the
common Spilosoma [ Pyrrharctia] isabella.
Sumac galls. (Country gentleman. Sep. 20, 1894. 59:68614)
Brief notice of an aphis, Melaphis rhois Fitch, and its galls on Rhus glabra
and &. typhina.
Box elder plant bug. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27, 1894. 59:699)
Insect on the city sidewalks of Shenandoah, Iowa, is identified from the
description as Leptocoris trivittatus Say.
Beetle feeding on green corn. (Country gentleman. Sep. 27, 1894.
59: 701") |
Beetle, Huphoria inda Linn., feeding on the tips of standing sweet corn,
‘is noticed briefly.

386 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Muskmelon borers at the south. (Country gentleman. Oct. 4, 1894.
59: 721°) :

General account of the two melon boring caterpillars in the southern states,
Eudioptis [Margaronia] nitidalis Cram. and £. [Margaronia} hyalinata Linn.

Pear rust. (Country gentleman. “Oct).4, 1694. =49% 722")
Pear shows a rust which may have been caused by a mite, possibly

Phytoptus pyri.
‘Pear rust’ cause unknown. (Country gentleman. Oct. 25, 1894.
59:773") |
The above is probably but an unusual development of its natural rust.
Indian Cetonia. (Gardening. Nov. 1, 1894. 3:55-56, col. 3, 1)
Gives the habits of Luryomia [Euphoria] inda and states that the reported
injury to the bark of young pear trees is confirmatory of an earlier state-
ment.
Injurious beetles. (Gardening. Nov. 1, 1894. 3:56, col. 1-2)
Brief notice of Huryomia [Euphoria] inda, Cyllene robiniae Forster and
Glycobius [Plagionotus] speciosus Say.
Maple tree borer. (Gardening. Nov. 1, 1894. 3:56, col. 2)
Identifies the pupal case of dAegeria [Sesia] acerni Clem. and gives remedies.
Squash bug. (Gardening. November 1, 1894. 3:56, col. 2, 3)

Gives several remedies for the squash bug, Anasa tristis De Geer.

Report of the state entomologist to the regents of the University of
the State of New York, for the year 1893. _ Albany. November 1894,

26 p.
Contents :
PAGE PAGE
REST G Gk Le Sew ee Se eae 177 | The destructive wheat midge in
Increasing interest in the work of western New York...:_-2>¢ecees 183
the departinent.25 Shs. =. 222 178 | Remarkable abundance of aphids
Publications of the entomologist. 178 or _plant lieés +. -2<-25. 7 oe 183
Additions to the state collection... 179 | Grasshopper plague in western
Colléetions made in the Adiron- |. New Motkis 2.) Age eee 186
dack mountains: 2.5 J2<- 202. 179 | Insect defoliators of shade and
Operations against the gypsy moth fruit, trees¢- 24. =e aS: 188
in Massachusetis... - 5/2... <e. 180
Appendix
Index to report for 1886.42 22.2 doe Sarai n- ic. 6s voce 326 Soka oe ee 193

San Joséscale. (Albany evening journal. Nov. 7, 1894. p. 6, col. 5)
Notes the finding of Aspidiotus perniciosus ina pear orchard at Kinderhook
N. Y., and gives its distribution.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS Se 3s,

‘North Dakota’s new bug.’;# (Country gentleman. Nov. 22,1894. 59:
84176)
Records Leptocoris trivittatus Say from Jamestown, N. D., with a brief notice
of the inseet.

Experiment station work on Long Island. (American agriculturist.
Dec. 1, 1894. 54:,404, col. 1)
Brief notice of the important work done on Long Island.

Grubs in manure. (Country gentleman. Dec. 27, 1894. 59: 931%)
- White grubs in manure are ideutified as those of Ligyrus relictus.

Antsinalawn. (Country gentleman. Jan. 3, 1895. 60:9)%)
Gives several means of destroying ants in nests.

Apple tree aphis. (Country gentleman. Jan. 10,1895. 60: 271)

Indicates proper remedies for Aphis mali and notices the pear Psylla.

Apple tree bark louse. (Country gentleman. Jan.10,1895. 60: 27%)
Recommends kerosene emulsion for Mytilaspis pomorum and gives its many
food plants. )

Colorado beetles. (Country gentleman. Jan. 10, 1895. 60:30”)
Gives dates of appearance of Doryphora 10-lineata in several localities in
this state.

merdickiae scale insects. (Country gentleman. Feb. 7, 1895... 60:
108")

Recommends winter treatment with a whale oil soap solution.

Garden slugs. (Country gentleman. Feb.21,1895. 60: 1471)
Best remedy is freshly slacked lime or lime water applied to them while
feeding during morning or evening.

Rhinoceros beetle. (Country gentleman. Mar. 21, 1895. 60: 2301")
Identifies Dynastes tityus and gives its habits.

Bounty on the English sparrow. (Albany evening journal. Mar. 21,
1895. p. 8, col. 4, 23 cm; Scientific american. Ap. 27, 1895)
An argument against a bounty on this bird, since it would tend to drive
it into the country.

Vermicides [insecticides for vermin] (Country gentleman. Ap. 4,
1895. 60: 266%)
Recommends Buchan’s carbolic soap and Little’s chemical fluid for killing
vermin on cattle, sheep and lambs.

English sparrow. (Country gentleman. Ap.11, 1895. 60: 285”)
Substantially the same as in the Albany evening journal, Mar. 21, 1895, of
which an abstract is given above.

388 . NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

os

Some destructive shade tree pests. (State of New York — Department
of public instruction, arbor day manual. May 3, 1895. Albany,
Ap. 6; 18952" Pp. 13-17. 18. 0)"

Notices elm leaf beetle, Galerucella xanthomelaena [luteola], Orgyia tussoek
caterpillar, Orgyia [Notolophus] leucostigma, leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina,
maple tree scale, Pulvinaria innumerabilis.

Bad scale on currant bushes. (Gardening. May 15, 1895. 3: 263,
col. 2) |

Identifies Aspidiotus ancylus Putnam on currant bushes and gives remedy.

Currant aphis. (Gardening. » May 15, 1895. 3%: 263, col. 3)

Gives remedies and preventives for Myzus ribis Linn.

Bean weevil. (Country gentleman. May 16, 1895. 60: 389))

Describes methods of destroying weevils in beans.

Bean weevil. (Country gentleman. May 23, 1895. 60: 408%)

Eggs deposited on pods and no preventive of this is known.

Millepedes and wire worms. (Country gentleman. May 30, 1895.
Go:422"°)

Indicates several preventives and remedies.

Carpet eating insects. (Country gentleman. May 30,1895. 60: 423%)

Notices Tinea pellionella and Attayenus piceus, the black earpet beetle, with
remedies.

Plum tree aphis. (Gardening. June r, 1895. 3:28, col. 3)

Identifies an attack as due probably to Aphis prunifoliae, and gives
remedies.

Cut worms, (Country gentleman.- June 6, 1895. 60: 440%)

As there are 50 or more species, no general remedy can be given for them,
and reference is made to Museum bulletin 6, ‘Cut worms.’

Manual for the study of insects. (Nation. June 6, 1895. No, 1562,
662/452, cl: 152,32.)

Review of the above named volume by Prof. J. H. Comstock and Anna
Botsford Comstock, O. 1701 p., 6 pl. and 797 fig.

San José scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus, and some other destructive scale
insects of the state of New York. (New York state museum. Bulletin
vol. 3, no. 13, April 1895. Published June 11, 1895, 44p., 7 pl.)

As introductory, ‘ What scale insects are,’ is told. The destructive New
York scale insects noticed are: apple tree bark louse ; scurfy barklouse; pine
leaf scale insect; white scale; maple tree scale insect; and plum tree seale
insect. Of the San José scale is given: Introduction and spread ; Occurrenee
in the eastern United States; Investigations by the U. S. Department of
agriculture; San José scale in New York; San José seale on Long Island;
San José scale in New Jersey ; The two infested New Jersey nurseries; San

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 389

José scale in Ohio; Description of the scale; Description of the insect; Its
life history; its food plants; Spread of the insect; Protection from infested
stuck; Proposed legislution; Remedies; Bibliography; Plates and their
explanations.

Asparagus beetle goes north. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1895.
60: 455") | .
Remarks on the northern extension of Crioceris asparagi aud its probable
limitation by the upper austral life zone.
Pear midge. (Country gentleman. June 13, 1895. 60: 456%)
Records presence of Diplosis pyrivora at Millbrook, N. Y., and gives remedies.

Pear midge again. (Country gentleman. June 20, 1895. 60:472'%)
Diplosis pyrivora is received from Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
New maple tree insect. (Country gentleman. June 27, 189.
60 : 48448-8514)
Larvae of a Tortricid moth, burrowing the stems of maple leaves are those
of Steganoptycha claypoliana.
Plum tree scale. (Country gentleman. June 27, 1895. 60: 4851)
Brief notice of Lecanium juglandifex Fitch [erroneous refereuce of
L. prunastri Fousc.].° .
Elm leaf beetle. (Albany evening journal. July 20, 1895. -p. 3,

col. 1)
Brief general notice of Galerucella luteola in Albany.

Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. Aug. 1, 1895. 60: 56814)

Identifies Galerucella xanthomelaena (luteola] and gives remedies.

Horn tail borer. (Country gentleman. Aug. 1, 1895. 60: 5681")

Notices briefly Tremex columba, Thalessa atrata_and T. lunator. .

Orchard insects. (Country gentleman. Aug. 1, 18g5. 6075687)
No satisfactory reply can be given to such a general inquiry,
Black peach aphis. (Country gentleman. Aug. 8, 1895. 60; 53377)
Destructiveness of Aphis persicae-niger [prunicola Kalt.] its life history
aud remedies.
Sugar maple borer. (Country gentleman. Aug. 8, 1895. 60: 583?°)
Identifies Glycobius [Plagionotus] speciosus and gives remedies and preven-
tives.
New scale insect. (Country gentleman. Aug. 8, 1895. 60: 58578)
Seale from Loudonville, N. Y., on the Camperdown elm, is Gossyparia ulmi.

Harlequin cabbage bug. (Country gentleman. Aug. 15, 1895. 60:595”)
Injuries by Murgantia histrionica, its spread and remedies.
Carpet beetle. Country gentleman. Aug. 15, 1895. 60: 599%)
Brief notice of dAnthrenus scrophulariae, giving its habits, life history and
remedies.

390 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

A pugnacious caterpillar. (Gardening. Aug. 15, 1895. 3: 364, col. 3)
Describes the larva of Thyreus abbotii, and gives its habits.
Insect attack on maples (Gardening. Aug. 15, 1895. 3: 364, col. 3)
Attack on center shoots of cut leaf maples can not be identified without
examples.
Insect gall. (Gardening. Aug. 15, 1895. 3: 366, col. 1)
A ‘tiny green burr’ taken from a sweet briar in Georgetown, Ky., is a gall
made by one of the gall flies of the genus Rhodites.
Another note of warning [against the elm leaf beetle]. (Albany evening
journal, Aug. 20, 1895. p. 8, col. 5)

Records a second brood of Galerucella luteola in Albany and gives remedies.

Caterpillars and borers. (Country gentleman. Aug. 29,1895. 60: 63279)
Gives remedies for apple tree tent caterpillars and borers.

Black blister beetle. (Country gentleman. Aug. 29, 1895. 60: 632%4)
Inseet on china asters is the black blister beetle, Epicauta pennsylvanica
DeGeer. Remedies are indicated.
Scale insect on osage orangehedge. (Gardening. Sep.15, 1895. 4:11
col. 3) |
Identifies Pulvinaria innumerabilis and gives remedies.
To kill red ants in the house. (Gardening. Sep. 15, 1895: 4s
col. r)

Gives several remedies for Monomorium pharaonis.

A friend, hot a foe. (Country gentleman. Sep. 19, 1895. 60: 685")
Describes the beneficial habits and value of the larva of a lady bug, Hip-
podamia convergens.

Humbug insect cure. (Country gentleman. Sep. 19, 1895. 60: 6871)
Exposes the old remedy of plugging trees with sulfnr.
Squash bug. (Country gentleman. Sep. 19, 1895. 6: 6871)
Gives best remedy for Anasa tristis.
Squash bugs — squash vine borers. (Country gentleman. Oct. 3, 1895.
60: 719")
Comparative injury to crops by the two insects. Desirability of preventing
attack.
Frail children of the air: Excursions into the world of butterflies: by
S.H.Scudder. (Nation. Oct.17,1895. No.1581, p.280—81, col. 3, r)
Brief notice of the mere interesting features of this delightful volume.
Natural history of aquatic insects: by Prof. L.C. Mial, F.R.S. (Nation.
Oct. 34, 1898: Nos 1583, p;32 7-29, Col..3,. 1)

Review emphasizing the value of the original matter published in this work.

LINTNER ; ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 391

Box elder plant bug. (Country gentleman. Oct. 31, 1895. 60: 786")
Identifies Leptocoris trivittatus Say from McGregor, Ia.

On the girdling of elm twigs by the larvae of Orgvia [LVotolophus|

leucostigma and its results. (American naturalist. January 1896.

30: 74-75)

; Records the peculiar twig girdling habit of the larva.
‘
:
"

Wire worms in corn. (Country gentleman. Feb. 20, 1896. 61: 14412)
Gives several remedies.
Solution for killing worms. (Gardening. Mar. 15, 1896. 4: 199%)
Recommends several insecticides for millepedes.
‘ Apple maggot— 7rypeta pomonella. (Gardening. Ap.1,1896. 4: 218%)
| Brief general account, giving life history and :emedies.
Apple maggot. (Country gentleman. Ap. 2, 1896. ° 61 : 270%)
Identifies Trypeta pomonella and gives proper remedies.
| Cheese skipper. (Country gentleman. Ap 9, 1896. 61: 293”)
Brief general account of the meat skipper, Piophila casei Linn., giving life
history and remedies.
Scale insects. (Gardening. Ap. 15, 1896. 4:234, col. 1)
Notices briefly Mytilaspis pomorwn and Chionaspis furfurus and sree
remedies.

Southern corn root worm. (Country gentleman. Ap. 30, 1896.
61: 353")

General account of ‘ the 12 spotted Diabrotica,’ D. 12-p unctata Oliv., and the
northern corn root worm, Diabrotica longicornis Say, giving injuries and
remedies.
Thousand legged worms infesting greenhouses. (Gardening. May 1,
fego. 4 2251-52, col. 2-3, 1)
General account of-a species of millepedes [subsequently referred to
Leptodesmus], and giving a number of remedies.
Handbook of British lepidoptera. By Edward Meyrick. (Nation.
May 14, 1896. 62:385, col. 2-3)
General review of this work.
Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. May 14, 1896. 61:386%*)

Galerucella canthomelaena (luteola] identified from Gaylordsville, Ct.

Harlequin cabbage bug. (Gardening. May 15, 1896. 4:266, col. 2-3,
26 cm)
Murgantia histrionica is identified and its spread over the country noticed.
Plum mite. (Country gentleman. May 21, 1896. 61:4067)

Galls on a Chickasaw plum are identified as possibly those of Vhytoptus
pruni Ameri.

392 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The ‘ Fire worm.’ (Country gentleman. May 28, 1896. 61: 431°)
Records the resistance of the canker worm, Anisopteryx [ Paleacrita|-vernata
Peck, to paris green.

On the girdling of elm twigs by the larvae of Orgyia | Votolophus |
leucostigma and itsresults. (American association for the advancement
of science. Proceedings 44th meeting, held at Springfield, Mass.,
August-September 1895, May 1896, p. 156, 5 cm)

Brief abstract of the paper under the above title was published in the
Ameriean naturalist, January 1896.
Fruit tree aphids. (Country gentleman. June 11, 1896. 61: 466%")
Notices the cherry tree aphis, Myzus cerasi Fabr. and one on plum, Aphis
prunifoliae Fitch, and gives remedies.
[Kill the larvae of the elm leaf beetle.] (Albany evening journal.

June 24, 1896, D. A acOlsa Vee
Recommends killing the larvae and pupae of Galerucella luteola with hot

5

water or kerosene.

[Report on the work of the gypsy moth committee after an examination
made in June 1893.]_ (Gypsy moth, /orthetria dispar Linn.—Report of

the work by FE. H. Forbush & C. H. Fernald [June] 1896, appendix

D, p. 32-35.)

Report commending the work of the committee and recommending more ~

liberal appropriations and the importation of parasites.

Elm tree beetle in Albany. (Albany express. July 1, 1896)
Gives the progress of the insect up the valley of the Hudson river.
Rose bugs. (Gardening. July 1, 1896. 4:311, col. 2)
Recommends the destruction of this insect on its breeding grounds when
they are known.
roth report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York
for the year 1894. Albany, University of the State of New York,
189s. [Issued July 8, 1896.] 297 p., 4 pl., 24 fig. Also as report
of the state entomologist for the year 1894. (New York state museum.
48th report, for the year 1894. Albany, University of the State of New
York, 1895, 297 Pp., 4 pl., 24 fig.)

Contents

PAGE PAGE

Pransmtiad. cies. 62s eer eee See 355 | Gortyna [| Hydroecia] immanis, hop
Injurious insects, ete ..-.2-..----. 365 vine erub.-2.- visto 372

Ants on fruit trees ..----..--.-/.. 365 | Gortyna [Hydroecia] cataphracta,
Derostenus sp. 8 j2.2-2--becteaees 369 as a raspberry cane borer ......- 373

Operations against the gypsy moth Collections in the Adirondack
in) Massachusetts: 2-52 -. -Sae eee 369. |-. mountains’ in ,1893_- 2422 oSece eee 376

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS

Army worm invasion.

PAGH
Sitotroga cerealella, grain moth.... 377
Diplosis pyrivora, pear midge.----. 386
Migpes OM SClAMA.o2J5-+.>s----.-52- O87
Sciara coprophila n. sp.. manure
UT hE aa oe ee Se eee 391
Sciara caldaria nu. sp., greenhouse
Ps 8 oie ole Seas oa 397
Phora agarict n. sp., mushroom
Senet kes cane wakes ee 399
Agrilus ruficollis, gouty gall bectle 406
Anomala lucicola, lightloving ~
Prape: vine beetle......-..---.--. 408
Anomala marginata, wmargined
Bee tew/> = 2 ee ok 410
Diabrotica vittata, striped cucum-
DSTE G1) CS a a ee 413
Diholia borealis, a plantain leaf
OY EID oe Se _ 414
Otiorhynchus ovatus, ovate snout
OE Sic 9 ie Se i ee 416
Conotrachelus crataegi, quince cur-
UL 2. 52 25 Se Se ee 419
The 17 year locust in the state of
Mawevorcoan 1804-0 ..-... 2.22.2 420
Psylla pyricola, pear tree Psylla .. 425
Remarkable abundance of aplids
or plant fice in 1893._-. +... '.... 426
Are aphids eaten by spiders?...... 429
Pentatoma juniperina, juniper plant
DUC node eae egg a 430

(Argus [Albany]. July 8, 1896.

393.

x PAGIL
Leptocoris trivittatus, box elder
plant’ Due .2 2 25" 2 2) aera sale 432
Grasshopper. plague in western
NiGweMOr noi aerin octets See 439
Julus caeruleocinctus, with associ-
ated: potato scab. 2 2. so. asa 444
Mites attacking musbrooms.----. 449
Mites infesting potatoes......---- 451
Tyroglyphus lintneri, a mushroom
IHLOS Mes MLO Oe 2 ose ac eae 452
Phytoptus pyri, pear leaf blister
ADLER ee an a eae 453
AP Penis: SOS ee oe ees 461
CA) SCorprom ties /e2-0 5 tee ae 463
Panorpa rufescens.--..-+.:---+. 464
Bitiaews, SWGOSUS we eS an ae ee

(B) List of dates of collections of
Lepidoptera (Heterocera)..-.---
(C) List of publications of the
en tOMOlOGIShS- 32 Asse Gree

481

484
(D) Entomological publications of

J. A. Lintner, 1862-69.....-...- 507
(E) Contributions to the depart-

MEH TOIO. 222.2 os eee 509
(F) Contributions to the depart-

INEM Awe OO Skt ieee A ee 515
(G) Classified list of insects

noticed in reports 1-10-......... 521

(H) Errata (additional) in pre-
Cede; TEPORES.- aoe. an sae 535
Indexsto reports 11072 ele aeee 541

po, e033: sthie

same, in part New York recorder. July 15, 1896; Country gentleman.

July 16, 1896.

61:552'2; Rome sentinel.

July 17, 1896; Circular

of the department of agriculture of the state of New York)

Records injury by Leucania unipuncta and indicates remedies.

Wire worm.

(Country gentleman.

July 9, 1896.

Gr 540™)

Gives several remedies for these insects.

Army worm invasion.

(New York daily tribune.

July 18, 1896)

Notice of Leucania unipuncta and remedies.

Tent caterpillar. (Country gentleman. July 23, 1896. 61:571%°)
Identifies the apple tree tent caterpillar, Clisiocampa americana.

Army worm. (Country fe ea s)

Ss

naa of Leucania unipuncta and remedies.

Cut worms and borers. (Country gentleman. July 30, 1896. 61
Gives several remedies for these pests.

More about the army worm. (Country gentleman. Aug. a 1
61: 6062) Ce
General notice of Leucania unipuncta and its parasites.

Snapping bugs. (Country gentleman. Aug. 6, 1896. 6r: ot)

Recommends several baits for attracting these beetles.

blister beetle, Epicauta vittata F. br.
Willow butterfly. (Country gentleman. Aug. 27, 1896. 61: 66638)
‘Records injury to trees at Whitehall, N. Y. by Vanessa [ Euvanessa] antio
Caterpillars and parasites. (Country gentleman. Ane 27, ee =
61: B70 )< ;

parasite. Apetad congregatus.
Oak pruner. (Country gentleman. Sep. 3, 1896. 61: 682%)

Identifies an attack on maples by Elaphidion parallelum [villosum]. -

Beech tree blight. (Country gentleman. Sep. 10, 1896. 61: 70543) ip
General notice of Schizoneura imbricator Fitch on beech leaves, deseribin
the insect and indicating the remedies.

Elm tree borer. (Country gentleman. Sep. 24, 1896. 61: 7461)

Saperda tridentata Oliv. is identified and several remedies given.

Cecropia moth. (Country gentleman. Sep 24, 1896. 61: 7467)

The cocoon of this moth, Attacus [Samia] cecropia, is described.

Imported scale insects. (Country gentleman. Sep. 24, 1896. 6r: 74633)

and the importance of quarantine regulations.

Pea bugs. (Country gentleman. Oct.1, 1896. 61: 763%")

Chloroform or bisulfid of carbon are recommended for Bruchus pisorum. Ae

Rose leaf hopper. (Country gentleman. Oct. 1, 1896. 61: le

Gives several remedies for Typhlocyba rosae Harris.

Wheat wire worm. (Country gentleman, Oct. 22, 1896. 61: 826")
Agriotes mancus Say is identified and remedies given. xs

Apple tree borers. (Country gentleman. Dec. 10, 1896. 61: 949%)
Brief general notice of Saperda candida Fabr. and Chrysobothris femora
Fabr. and remedies for them.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 395

Notes on some of the insects of the year in the state of New York.
(U.S. Dep’t agriculture, Division entomology. Kulletin 6, new ser.,

1896, p. 54-61)

Notes on the following insects: Leucania unipuncta, Leucania albilinea,

Anisopteryx [Paleacrita] vernata, Cacoecia rosaceana, Nolophana [Balsa] ma-
lana, Cecidomyiid larva on choke cherry, Euphoria inda, Zlaphidion villosum,
Chinch bug,

Crioceris asparagi. Macrobasis unicolor, Aspidiotus perniciosus,

Kermes galliformis and Gossyparia ulmi.

Elm leaf beetle. (Country gentleman. 62: 7%)

Jan. 7, 1897.

Corrections of a very erroneous article on this insect.

rith report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York

for the year 1895.
1896.

report of the state entomologist for the year 1895.

museun).
State of New York, 1897.

25 fig.)

49th report for the year 1895.

), 16 pl.,

Albany, University of

Albany, University of the State of New York,
[Issued Jan. 21, 1897] 246 p. (85-33 25 fig. Also as

(New York state

the

[Issued in October 1897], 245 p., 16 pl.,

Contents
PAGE PAGE
LD 2 101 | Injurious insects (continued)
Prmaqgsaws WISeCtS......:.. 2... ---- 109 Cecidomyia betulae, birch seed
Monomorium pharaonis, little red 25 Fs See ae al eagple eela 162
(eee 109 Diplosis cucumeris, melon vine
Paomimea LAW 2 --. 2... =. 115 Oe cil er ete e a ae N AT 165
On arsevical spraying of fruit Diplosis setigera, hairy melon vine
trees while in blossom....---- 117 WTO oe Bor oo on Gch ee 168
On the girdling of elm twigs by Anthomyia sp., raspberry cane
Orgyia [Notolophus| leuco- TARP OU Be Aoss ens sas Hee 170
SMI aS cin Sa es ee 124 Anthrenus scrophulariae, carpet
Eudioptis | Margaronia] nitidalis, hectieg 0225.05 5.4 2d
wnelic caterpillar ...........- 126 Pyrophorus noctilucus, eucuyo... 174
Eudioptis [Margaronia] hyalin- Crioceris asparagi, asparagus
ata, melon caterpillar ees ee 134 Mee Het t rte cn Seow ons SOSA Se 177
Pyrausta futilalis, a dogbane cat- Lina scripta, cottonwood leaf bee-
0! LSS ere eee eee 138 ES Se Ree Sel ech ee OS SC 181
Mecyna reversalis, genista cater- Galerucella luteola, eim leaf bee-
Seema eee lt 142 BG TH AIDA Y. coos. 3. op se 189
Pyralis costalis, clover hay cater- Galerucella cavicollis, a cherry
“LE ei a eee 145 a RS EAs ae peek ee See en epe 197
Grapholitha interstinctana, clo- Blissus leucopterus, chinch bug... 198
ver seed caterpillar .......... 152 San José scale, and other des-
Antispila nyssaefoliella, sour gum tructive scale insects of New :
tree case: eutter:. 2-22... .-..- 157 Pigott 5 eee 200
Tischeria malifoliella, apple leaf Myrmeleon sp.?, ant lion....-.-.. 234
MMMM Ee ee x Sen ee 160 Thrips tabaci, onion Thrips. -.--- 241

396 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

PAGE
Injurious insects (concluded)

Schoturus nivicola, snow flea.... 251
Achorutes diwversiceps .-.--------: 253

Tyroglyphus-heteromorphus, a ear-
MATLOUAMLTLG S21 ae ee ee 254
APPOUG kolo 31s ee fon Pe ee eed 261

(A) List of injurious apple tree in-
BPRS cee cas oe oe Sot tae, ee ees

Two insects. (Country gentleman.

PAGE

(B) List of publications of the
entomologist... 22 2. yas ee 273

‘C) Contribations to the depart-
ment in 16952. 0i a oe eee 284

(D) Classified list of insects, ete.,
noticed in this report. .........- 289
(E) Explanation of plates..-.-..: 291
Index)... so. 32 eee 295

Feb. 12; ‘1897.62: 1667)

Notices the warble flies, Hypoderma bovis De Geer and H. lineata Villers,

and the buftalo fly, Haematobia serrata Rob.-Dvsv.

Potato bugs. (Country gentleman.

Feb. 18, 1897. 3 62:12675

Gives remedies for Colorado potato beetle.

Carbon bisulfid for pea weevil—A serious danger.

Mar. 15,1397. . 32: 130, col-3)

(Farmer’s advocate.

Directions for using this insecticide are given.

Probably the cheese mite.
G2 esa 77°)

(Country gentleman.

Mar. 18, 1897.

~

Hams infested with quantities of animated dust have probably been

attacked by the cheese mite, Tyroglyphus siro Liun, several remedies are

given.

Canker worms.

(Country gentleman.

Ap: 1; 1897.. 62: 248")

Work of canker worms, <Anisopteryx [Paleacrita] vernata or Anisopteryx

[ Alsophila] pometaria is recognized and remedics indicated.

Apple tree borers.

(Country gentleman.

Ap. 22, 1897. 62.407

Habits of Saperda candida and Chysobothris femorata are given and several

remedies advised.

A grasshopper.

(Country gentleman.

Ap. 29, 1897.' “622 32633)

Eggs of the angular winged katydid, Microcentrum retinervis, are identified

and several curious places for oviposition named.

Cow horn fly.

(Country gentleman.

May 6, 1897. 62: 350%)

Several remedies are given for Haematobia serrata.

Elm and apple tree pests.
62: 390"")

(Country gentleman.

May. .20,.eaNeg3e

Remedies for the elm leaf beetle and preventives of apple tree borers are

described.
Tent caterpillar.
Clisiocampa americana is identified.

May beetle. (Country gentleman.

(Country gentleman.

May 20, 1897.

May 20, 1897. 62: 3904)

622 39077)

Injuries to a lawn are probably caused by white yrubs. Kerosene emulsion

is recommended.

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 397

Strawberries and indian corn. (Country gentleman. May 20, 1897.
62: 394")

Cut worms are probably attacking the strawberries and the boll worm,
‘Heliothis armiger, is injuring the corn. Remedies are indicated.

Elm tree beetle. (Country gentleman. May 27,1897. 62: 406%)
Method of spraying elms is briefly described.

Grasshoppers. (Country gentleman. June 10, 1897. 62: 446'°)
Allowing fowls to run in garden, or poisoned bran mash is recommended.

Apple woolly louse. (Country gentleman. June 10,1897. 62:454"4) |
Schizoneura lanigera is identified and remedies indicated.

Arsenic and animals. (Country gentleman. June 10, 1897. 62: 454°9)
Drippings from properly sprayed trees harmless to animals eating the grass
- or hay from beneath.
Apple tree aphis. (Country gentleman. June 17: 1897. 62:470})
Attack by Aphis mali briefly noticed.

Carpet beetles. (Country gentleman. June 17, 1897. 62:470”)
Anthrenus scrophulariae abundant on flowers at this time.

Grain weevil. (Country gentleman. June 24, 1897. 62: 486°)
No plant will protect grain from weevil, but a French agricultural paper
‘states that aniseed will attract weevils from grain and kill them.
Wire worms. (Country gentleman. June 24, 1897. 62: 486°")

Carbon bisulfid or kerosene emulsion is recommended for wire worms at
roots of cabbages.

The long sting. (Country gentleman. July 1, 1897. 62: 506%)

Gives a brief popular account of Thalessa atrata.

e

Army worm. (Country gentleman. July 1, 1897. 62:506%)

Army worm eggs do not occur in grass seed. Repetition of last year’s
attack need not be feared.

Honey dew. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1897. 62:5261)

Nature of honey dew on maple leaves is briefly explained.
Cherry tree Myzus. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1897. 62: 526%) -
Cherry trees show severe attack by Myzus cerasit. Remedies are indicated.
Scurfy bark louse. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1897. 62: 5267)
Chionaspis furfurus is identified and remedies given.
Plant lice. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1897. 62: 526%)
| General directions are given for controlling aphids.

San José scale. (Country gentleman. July 8, 1897. 62:5331)

General article giving in brief form what is known of Aspidiotus perniciosus.

398 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Elm leaf beetle. (Argus [Albany]. July 10, 1897. p. 17)
Galerucella luteola is the chief depredator on elms and should be promptly
suppressed. ;
Not the gypsy moth. (Country gentleman. July 15, 1897. 62: 55814)
Apple tree and forest tent caterpillars mistaken for the gypsy moth.

Chinch bug. (Country gentleman. July 15, 1897. 62: 55814)

General directions are given for arresting an attack by Blissus leucopterus.

Subterranean grubs. (Country gentleman. Aug. 26, 1897. 62: 666%)
Kerosene emulsion is recommended for treating Lachnosterna species or
Allorhina nitida.
San José scale. (Country gentleman. Aug. 26,1897. 62: 6671)
Refers to previous article for remedies.
Tussock moth. (Country gentleman. Sep. 2, 1897. 62: 68672)
Notes attack on plum by Halisidota caryae.

Insects and fruit. (Country gentleman. Sep. 2, 1897. 62: 686%)
Gives suggestions for decreasing injury to fruits by wasps.

Urocerus albicornis. (Country gentleman. Sep. 9, 1897. 62: 7071)
Brief popular account of this interesting horn tail.

A plague offlies. (Country gentleman. Oct. 14,1897. 62: 806*_—71*)
May be the cluster fly, Pollenia rudis. Screens and pyrethrum are recom-
mended.

Pine borer. (Country gentleman. Nov. 4, 1897. 62: 8677")
* Work of the borer is described and commented upon.

Pine borer. (Country gentleman. Nov. 11, 1897. 62: 8871)
From examples sent it is identified as Harmonia [Parharmonia] pini Kellet.

Fall canker worm and its eggs, (Country gentleman. Dec. 16, 1897.
62 : 986")
Life history and habits of the fall canker worm, Anisopteryx [Alsophila]
pometaria are briefly given and remedies indicated.

a2th report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York
for the year 1896. Albany, University of the State of New York,
1897. [Issued Ap. 22, 1898] 246 p. (159-404), 15 pl., ro fig.
Also as report of the state entomologist for the year 1896; New York
state museum. s5oth annual report, for the year 1896. Albany,
University of the State of New York. 1897. Dp. 159, 15 pl., ro fig.

Leucaniaunipuncta, army worm.. 190
Steganoptycha claypoliana, a new

maple tree insect ...---.----- 214
Oxyptilus periscelidactylus, gar-

tered plume moth.......-.-..-- 218
_Additional notes on Sciara, fun-

FNAE NSLS se See gl 223
Piophila casei, cheese skipper:

amr sicipper 2251. 2.650.102. 229
MAM GRANOIS. S355 22 Sele Geos 235
Plagionotus speciosus, sugar

Misple VOLEr >. = 2. --'--- USES Sime
Saperda tridentata, elm borer ... 243

-Crioceris 12-punctata, 12 spotted
asparagus beetle ........-- ~- 248
-Galerucella luteola, elm leaf
beetle in Albany and Troy.... 253
-Odontota dorsalis.......---..--. 264
Balaninus proboscideus: Balani-
mus rectus, chestnut weevils.. 267
‘Cicada _ septendecim, periodical
cicada 272
Pemphigus rhois, sumac gallaphis 290
Gossyparia ulmi, elm tree bark
MONSON ea se Sees odee Weise s So cu

eeeeree ce eeese ee2e2e sceeeene

LINTNER: ENTOMOLOGIC PUBLICATIONS 399
Contents
i PAGE PAGE
SRiLGdUchODY, -assaeces~~(3-55-5)=- 177 | Injurious insects (continued) 3
M@ujurious insects......-- .:----s=-\ 181 Neuronia pardalis...........--- 298
Camponotus pennsylvanicus’ [prob- Leptodesmus species.-...-.------ 300
ably Formica subsericea Say] Appendix: = vii¢.2-. 05-222 .22. 0 305
and ‘Formica rufa’ [probably (A) Notes on some of the insects
Formica exsectoides Forel], car- of the year in the state of New
penter ant and mound build- Yule ee a eS 307
eee eee = Tenthredo rufopectus....-..----- 308
Ecpantheria scribonia [ocularia. Datana integerrima. ..---.------ 309
Fabr.], great white leopard jipie Taumiicee dk Sob ec eee 309
eg oe eee Wheat head army worm......-- 310

Eufitchia [Diastictis] ribearia ... 310
Cankerrwo0rms< oo. eosee. eee 311
Cacoecia rosaceana ....-....----- 312
Cecidomyid in choke cherries... 313

Huphoria nda .....- ---20 weecee 313
Elaphidion oak pruner .....---- 314
Asparagus beetle ..---..--.---. 314 -
Ash grey blister beetle........-. 315
Chimch’y puetes 4335252238 pooh an Ae 315
San osé 'seale: 22-2 5.. 222220. 316
OdktMernids? “srr Ske Tee 316
Elm tree bark louse..-+-....... 317
PRYLOPUUS. PLUM sco 2 Sekine See 318
(B) Entomologic addresses ...... 319
Mosquito} os-5.e5<52<.5-Sesesen 319
Plea for entomologic study .... 336
(C) List of publications of the en-
tomolopist soo. .-s-t2 2252 4- 347
(D) Contributions to the depart-
MONG TH PSIG... core occa 359
(E) Classified list of insects, ete.,
noticed in this report...-.---. 365
(F) Explanation of plates.....--. 369
General mdex.: 225 [sicc 5 cance (SiS

3th report on the injurious and other insects of the state of New York,
for the year 1897. Albany, University of the State of New York,
1898. [Issued Feb. 18, 1899]. 64 p., 2 pl, 3 fig. Also as Report °

of the state entomologist for the year 1897.
‘51st annual report, for the year 1897.
‘State of New York. 1898, p. 151.

New York state museum,
Albany, University of the

400

Contents
PAGE PAGE:
inivoductory.:.<tsaacs2e sae ee 331 | Notes on various insects (continued)
Transmittal ........----.-----. 331 Anthrenus scrophulariae, carpet
ith Teper 2. 2eseea ee eee ee 331 beetle: 20.2 sco. eee eee 359-
Publications of the office. .-.... 331 Elaphidion villosum, oak pruner. 359
State collection..---..----. ---- 331 Cyllene pictus, hickory borer.... 360:
Corre Dp ude nee aos ea 332 Galerucella luteola, elm leaf
General entomologic features... 332 beetle 220° a ae 360-
: TESS eae by insects...-.... - Blissus leucopterus, chinch bug.. 361
se ae a lead a le ve Plant lice or aphididae. ..-.---- 361
Tenthredo rufopectus, red breast- ; j ;
S Pemphigus populi-transversus.. 361.
edisaw. by. soeoc a aoe. 335 : a
h : ; y Chaitophorus spécies..---.---- 662
Urocerus albicornis, white horned : oN
Callipterus ulmifolii...--.-.-- 362
WROGEDUS <2 eo, Se ace ee 338 ; ‘a8 8
: Drepanosiphum acerifolii...--- 363
UTOCETUS CYESSONG .< oh one mae e 340 : ;
; $ t. 2Ue Aphis mal. +... 22 55- =asseeee 363
Eacles [ Basilona] imperialis, im- Z
; MYZUS COPS -@= 2-502 363.
Pera umevh eo 2 eee 342 ae 3
L S Aishs Oa Mazus 1ribis.s . oe eee 363
PR AOU ee 2 Rhopalosiphum species.--.-.-- 363
his Runes Rene pole al Thrips tabaci. 2---2.22-ce eee 363.
Notes on various insects...-...... 358 Accs + cha eukcmoleie iia
Pyralis costalis, clover hay cater- Fublicaiions ee bass *
bilge e260. oa ne gee ae 35g | Contributions to the collection... 371
Cecidomyia leguminicola, clover Explanation of plates ..---------. 375-
Reed Midee 2. oo. 2 eae ae 359 | Index.......----. ------ ---------- 377

=

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Index to entomologist’s reports 1-13 and to sup-
- plement of 14

This index is an extension, with modifications, of Dr Lintner’s index to
reports 1-10. References are given under preferred scientific names. “The
synonyms used in the textof preceding reports are placed in curvesafter the
mame or where there is simply a change in genusor species, theold termalone
is given, preceded in the case of specific names by the initial for the genus.

The synonymy given applies only to the publications indexed.

In the case

of reports 13 and 14 the superior figures tell the exact place on the page in.
ninths; e. g. 18:342", means 13th report, page 342 beginning in the seventh
ninth of the page, i. e. a little over two thirds of the way down.

Aaron, S. F. cited, 2:203.

Abbot, John, and Smith, J. E.,
Natural history of the rarer lepidop-
terous insects of Georgia cited, 2:
baat? &:104-179, 18337 7 :225;
12:188; 13:3427.

-abbotii, Lophyrus, 1:42.

Otiocerus, 9:386.
Thyreus, 2:214; 5:175; 177, 306,
324; 6:187; '7:381; 9:451, 461;
10:502, 509; 11:280; 12:359;
Mere © kA 122 S54 S8",;
3907.
-abbreviata, Ceria, 7:229.
-abbreviatus, Cryptohypnus, 8:200.
Gryllus, 8:179.

abdominalis, Brachynemurus, 11:
SS.

Melanolestes, 4:111; 5:316; 14:
3397.

Urocerus, 13:339°, 3427; 342°.
Abert, W. S., insects. from, 18:372%.
Abhdl. Acad. Muench., cited, 2:116.
Abia caprifolium, see Zaraea inflata.
Abies alba, see Spruce, white.

balsamea, see Balsam fir.

canadensis, see Hemlock.

fraseri, sce Balsam, southern.

nigra, see Spruce, black.
abieticolens, Adelges, see Chermes

abietis.

Chermes, see C. abietis.
abietis, Adelges, see Chermes.

Athysanus, see Bythoscopus

variabilis.

Chermes (syn. <Adelges, A.

-abieticolens, C. abieticolens),

2:185.

abietis, Lachnus, 9:407, 412.
Lophyrus, 1:42.
abietisella, Gelechia, 4:20, 22, 59, 60.
Abraxas ribearia, see Diastictis.
abrupta, Bombyliomyia (syn. Hy-
stricia,. H. vivida, Tachina
vivida), 8:297; 9:462.
Hystricia, see Bombyliomyia.
Abutilon, Fuller’s rose beetle on, 2:
148.
Acacia, insects injurious to;
_Aspidiotus nerii, 8:214; 11:204,
perniciosus, 11:228. '
Icerya purchasi, 5:326.
Lecanium species, 11:221.
Academie des sciences, Paris, Mem-
oires cited, 2:102.
Academy of arts and science, Mem-
oirs cited, 8:159.
Academy of natural
(Davenport, Ia.), 14:305°.
Academy of natural sciences of
Philadelphia, Entomological sec-
tion, Monthly proceedings cited,
1:247; .Journal cited, 1:211, 232;
2:110, 125, 132, 139; 3:1338; 4:98,
128; 5:242; 8:152; 10:432; Pro-
ceedings cited, 1:127, 151, 157, 2538;
2:102, 148, 168; 3:133; 4:101,
LOS O12, Aloe Lodwe Canoe teas
9:299, 300; 10:408, 414; 11:152,
156, 157, 160, 197, 240; 12:183.
Acanthia erosa, see Phymata wolffii,
lectularia (Syn. Cimex), 1:62; 2:
17, 152; 9:458; 14:314+.
Acaridae, 2:36, 241; 9:464; 10:451-
53; 11:254-60.
Acarina, 1:45; 3:129, 133; 5:287-95;
7 :3238; 10:449-60; 14:363°.

sciences

402

Acarus domesticus, see Tyroglyphus

siro.
farinae, see Tyroglyphus siro.
horridus, see Tyroglyphus
longior.

lactis, see Tyroglyphus siro.
muscarum (Hypopal form), 11:
254.
Acer dasycarpum, see Maple, silver,
soft, white.
platanoides, see Maple, Norway.
rubrum, see Maple, red.
saccharinum, see Maple, sugar.
acerella, Lecanium, see . Pulvinaria
innumerabilis.
acericola, Lecanium, see Pulvinaria.
Pulvinaria (syn. Lecanium), 6:
143, 147; '7:370; 11:205.
acericorticis, Lecanium, see Pul-
vinaria innumerabilis.
acerifoliella, Incurvaria (syn. Or-
nix), 1:308; 5:215-19; 9:458;
14:314°, 362".
Ornix, see Incurvaria.
acerifolii, Drepanosiphum, 138:363';
14:400°.
Pemphigus, 10:494; 14:880°.
aceris, Aphis, see Chaitophorus.
Chaitophorus (syn. Aphis), 9:
406, 411, 412.
Coccus, see Pulvinaria innumer-
abilis.
Leecanium, of Europe, 1:310.
Pseudococcus, 11:287.
Psocus, see P. venosus.
acerni, Aegeria, see Sesia.
Sesia (Syn. Aegeria), 10:504; 14:
386°.
aceti, Drosophila, of Europe, 1:220.
achatina, Clastoptera, see C. obtusa.
Olene (syn. Parorgyia paral-
lela), 43267" "0450:
14:313°%.
achemon, Philampelus,
451; 10:481, 508; 14:3098,
Achlyodes thraso, 1:336.
Acholla multispinosa, 10:517.
Achorutes boletivorus, see
turus.
diversiceps; description, 11:
253,254; immense numbers of,
11:254; observed at Karner,
N. Y., 11:253; reference, 12:
357, (aS Podura species), 8:
266; 013:254: 143085 315’,
320", 3967.
humicola (syn. Podura), 2:205,
244

es a3 aa
oi

Scho-

Inarmoratus, see Schoturus.
nivicola, see Schoturus.
pratorum, see Schoturus.
purpurescens, 2:207.
texensis, see Schoturus.

11:264; |

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Achyranthes, ‘Fuller’s rose beetle
on, 2:148.
Acidalia enucleata, see Synelys.

lacteola, see EKois.

species, 1:72; 4:206.
Acocephalus vitellinus, see Para-
mesus.

Aconite, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:92.

Aconitum, see Monkshood.

Acordulecera dorsalis, 13:371'.

Acorn cup gall insects, 4:42, 44.

Acorns, Balaninus rectus in, 12:271.

Acrididae, 2:187; 4:165; 6:151; 8:179;.
9:330, 332; 10:359, 489-45.

Acridium femur-rubrum, see Mel-
anoplus.
hemipterum, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.
marginatum, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.
virginianum, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.
viridifasciatum, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.
Acronycta, abdominal scent organs,
Lis

americana, erroneous reference |.
of A. funeralis,

brumosa, 11:265.

clarescens, erroneous reference
of A. pruni.

dissecta, see A. retardata.

funeralis (A. americana in
error), 2:77; 9:455; 10:482;
£4::3134 313%

hamamelis, 10:482.

luteicoma, 1:328; 11:265.

morula, 1:328; 9:455; 10:481;
11:265; 14:313%.

oblinita, 9:456; 11:265.

occidentalis, 1:328; 11:265.

pruni (A. clarescens in error), 1:

B20: L265:
radcliffei, 1:328; 11:265.
retardata (syn. A. dissecta),

10:482.
species, 14:341°.
spinigera, 11:265.
Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flore
Fennica cited, 11:166.
Actias luna, see Tropaea.

aculiferus, Leptostylus, 1:304, 331;
11:268.
acuminata, Mermis, 4:127; 7:374;

8:290;°14::314", 3155 32i—
Acutalis dorsalis (Syn. Tragopa), 9:
392, 410.
acuteHa, Botis, see Phlyctaenia.
Phlyctaenia (syn. Botis), 10:483,
acutus, Jassus, see Platymetopius.
Platymetopius (syn. Jassus),
9:402, 410.

INDEX. TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Adalia bipunctata (syn. Coccinella,
C. bimaculata), 2-232; 3:137, 148;
4:12, 194, 195; 6:11T-19; 7-375;
9:306, 370; 12:298; 13:362°, 362°;
14:320', 334°, 347°, 367°.

Adams, J. M., insects from, 4:206,
207, 208; 6:188.

Adams, J. Q., cited, 1:127;
from, 4:206.

Additional notes on Sciara, 12:223-
28.

Adelges abieticolens,

abietis.

abietis, see Chermes.

coccineus, see Chermes strobilo-
bius.

strobilobius, see Chermes.

Adelocephala senatoria, see Anisota.

Adelphagrotis prasina (syn. Agro-
tis), 1:8; 10:377, 482.

adelphus, Gomphus, 12:364.

adipaloides, Botis, see Pyrausta.

Pyrausta (syn. Botis), 10:483.

Adipsophanes miscellus, see Cata-
bena lineolata.

Adirondack black fly, 7 364.

Adirondack gray gnat, 7:364.

Adirondack insects, 4:23, 136-37;
_5:260; 6:178; '7:219.

Adirondack midge, 7:364.

Adirondack punky, 7:364.

Adirondack region, collections in,
B201-sG5 40 :2185°10:376, 377; 11:
104, 106; 12:307, 351; 14:326°.

Adirondack survey of the state of
New York, Report cited, 1:99;
2:90.

adjuncta, Hadena, see Mamestra.

Mamestra (syn. Hadena), 9:456;

. 10:482; 14,:313°.

Adlumia, 5:288. See also Fumitory,
climbing.

Admiral, red, 12:308.

adonidum, Dactylopius
longifilis), 2:56.

adumbrata, Hriocampa, 5:323; 14:
3427,

adusta, Hadena, of Europe, 4:127.

advena, Cathartus (syn. Silvanus),

9:308.
Silvanus, see Cathartus.

Aédes, 12:321.

Aegeria acerni, see Sesia.

cucurbitae, see Melittia satyrini-
formis.
ephemeraeformis, see Thyridop-
teryx.
exitiosa, see Sanninoidea.
pictipes, see Sesia.
tipuliformis, see Sesia.
Aegeridae, see Sesiidae,
aenea, Myophasia, 12:210.
Pomphopoea, 1:331; 11:269.

insects

see Chermes

(sy. SD:

403

aenescens, Magdalus, 11:270.
Aeoloplus chenopodii —, Pezotet-
tx), 139°272.
aequalis, Stenobothrus, "See Orphu-
lella speciosa.
aerea, Dibolia, see D. borealis.
Plusia, 10:376, 482.
aeroides, Plusia, 9:456; 10:376, 482;
14:3137.
Aeschna constricta, 11:284.
heros, see Epiaeschna.

aesculana, Proteoteras, 12:214, 215,
216, 217.
aesculi, Zeuzera, see Z. pyrina,
Aesculus glabra, “Steganoptycha
claypoliana injuring, 12:216,
217,
hippocastanum, see Horse-chest-
nut.

affinis, Bombus, 11:104.

Bruchus, of Europe, 7:284.

Bruchus froelich (syn. B.
flavimanus Bohem.), '7:268,
282, 284.

Erythroneura, see Typhlocyba

comes var. basilaris.
Lachnosterna, 11:268.
Phytomyza, erroneous refer-
ence of P. chrysanthemi.
Saperda, see Oberea bimaculata.
Typhlocyba, see T. comes var.
basilaris.
afflictana, Lozotaenia, 10:483.
afranius, Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades),
14:307, 321°.
African tamarisk, Amphicerus
bicaudatus boring into, 12:362.
agarici, Phora, 10:399-406, 516; 12:
229, 351; 14:308', 393°.

Agaricus, Achorutes boletivorus on,
2:206.

Agarista octomaculata, see Alypia.

Agassiz, L. J. R., referred to, 12:
345.

Agassiz association, state normal
college, reference, 12:336-45.

Agdistis bennetii, 12:221,

Agelaeus phoeniceus, see Black bird,
red winged.

Ageratum, Leptocoris trivittatus on,
10:488.

Aglais milberti (syn. Vanessa), 4
137; 5:285; 10:507; 14:309°.

Aglia tau, of Europe, 5:188; 18:
343°.

agonus, Limonius, 11:285.

agraria, Sciara, 12:225-26.

agrestis, Clytus, see Xylotrechus
colonus.

Agricultural Gazette of New South
Wales cited, 10:454; 11:232.

Agrilus anxius (syn. A. torpidus),

5:283, 317; 10:407; 14:339°.

404

Agrilus ruficollis (syn. Buprestis),
6:123-25, 174; 10:406-7, 516;
11:285; 12:352; 14:324°, 367°,
393%.

Sinuatus, 11:225, 286.
torpidus, see A. anxius.

Agriotes lineatus of Europe, 1:46.

mancus (syn. A. truncatus), 4:
207; 8:198, 200; 12:356; 14:
394,

truncatus, see A. mancus.

Agromyza diminuta (syn. Oscinis
trifolii), 6:184, 14:329".

tritiel 1.:226;

Agromyzidae, 4:78.

Agrotis, 1:58, 104, 109, 312.

annexa, see Teltia.

badicollis, see Semiophora eli-

mata var.
baja, see Noctua.
bicarnea, see Noctua.
brunneicollis, see Rhynchagrotis.
clandestina, see Noctua.
e-nigrum, see Noctua.

cochrani, see Carneades mes-
soria.

eupida, see Rhynchagrotis an-

' chocelioides.

devastator, see Xylophasia de-
vastatrix.

fennica, see Noctua.
haruspica, see Noctua.
herilis, see Feltia.

inermis, see Peridroma saucia.

malefida, see Feltia.
messoria, see Carneades.
nigricans var. maizi, see Car-
neades tessellata.
ortonii, see Peridroma saucia.
perpolita, see Carneades.
placida, see Rhynchagrotis.
plecta, see Noctua.
prasina, see Adelphagrotis.
redimicula, see Carneades,
repentis, see Carneades
soria.
saucia, see Peridroma.
scandens, see Carneades.
segetum, 8:235.
Species, 11:178.
subgothica, see Feltia.
tessellata, see Carneades.
tricosa, see Feltia jaculifera.
) * tritici, 8:235.
ypsilon, 1:8, 58; 8:111, 126, 188-
91, 284, 296; 10:497; 12:205;
14:3718, 382°.
Alaus, blind, 1:330; 11:267.
Alaus myops 1:330; 5:317; 11:267;
14:339°.
oculatus, 1:330; 2:230; 4:141,
207; 5:317, 325; 6:189; 9:448;
11:267; 12:361;: £4:311*, 333°;
339°, 357°.

mes-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Albany daily press and Knickerbocker,

abstract from, 14:364*?; cited, 7:
358; 9:446.

Albany evening journal, abstracts
from, 11:274, 278, 281; 12:350;
14:328°, 330°, 345’, 3547, 359°, 359°,

360°, 363°, 364°, 365’, 366°, 366%,
366°, 3677, 3677, 369°, 3695) sale
atl’, 33°, 313, O19" Seal aaa
' 386°, 387%, 389°, 390°, 392°; cited,
1:99, 127, 1495 260 sates as:

150; 5:304; 6:166, 167, 168, 179,
180,181; 7:321, 357, 358, 360, 362,
364, 365; 8:141, 279, 288, 284, 287;
10:489, 492, 495, 499, 505; 11:238;
12:2438, 253.

Albany evening times, abstracts from,
14,:3127, 314°, 314°, 364°; cited, 7:
359; 8:290; 9:454, 459.

Albany institute, Proceedings, ab-
stracts from, 14:305°, 310°, 312%,
3127, 315°, 316%, 380°; cited, 4:151;
8:291, 293; 9:299, 446, 454; 11:241;
Transactions cited, 10:495.

albella, Isotoma, 6:190.

Albertson, S. L., insects from, 6:190.

albicornis, Sirex, see Urocerus.
Urocerus (syn. Sirex), 13:338'-

40°, 341°, 841°, 342°, 3701, 371%;
14:398°, 400%. See also Uroce-
rus albicornis.

albida, Syneta, 11:269.

albidihalteris, Phora,
361.

albifrons, Hdema, see Symmerista.
Smicra, 12:211.
Symmerista (syn. Edema), 9:

456; 14:313°.

albilinea, Leucania (syn. L. harveyi),
4:56; 8:291; 10:482, 490, 509; 12:
310; 856; 13:3723; - 142315" soqoe
319°, 39D".

albipennis, Bibio, 2:110; 4:174; 6:
167, 174, 188; 7:369; 14:318*, 324’,
342°, 359°.

albolineata,
glaucaria.

albopicta, Empoasca, 11:270.

aleathoe, Anthomyia, 1:171.

Alder, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224,
Clastoptera obtusa, 5:248; 6:

ie. Oi 5e:
Feniseca tarquinius,
179; 5:282.
Haltica bimarginata, 4:96, 97.
chalybea, 4:101.
Pemphigus _ tessellata
Schizoneura), 2:181;
9:346.
black, Clastoptera obtusa on, 5:
243.

Alder blight aphis, 2:181; 9:346, 347,

408; 10:498; 14:383%.

12:228, 229,

Synchlora, see S.

2:231; 4:

(syn.
321255

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS = * 405

Alder flea beetle, 4:96-101; 14:357%.
Alder leaf Lachnus, 9:407.

Alder spittle insect, 5:242-46; 14:

362°.

- Alder woolly plant lice, 5:282.

Aldrich, J. M., cited, 10:405, 454;
11:182.

Aldrich, T. C., insects from, 9:461.

Aleochara anthomyiae, see A. nitida.
brachypterus, 1:188.
nitida (syn. A. anthomyiae), 1

188. j
Aletia argillacea (syn. A. xylina),
ToD, hod, 14, 283525220; 4:
206; 11:266; 12:342.
eotton worm, 1:120.
xylina, see A. argillacea.

aletiae, Phora, 10:405.

Aleurodes species, 1:331; 11:271.

Aleurodidae on apple trees, 11:271.

Aleyrodes, 2:220; 7:383.

alia, Taeniocampa (syn.

instabilis), 1:328; 11:265.

Allantus rufopectus, see Tenthredo.

Allen, G. H., insects from, 7:382.

Aller, T. Q., insects from, 9:464.

allii, Thrips, see Thrips tabaci.

Allis, E. A., insects from, 6:189.

Allis, J. W., insects from, 10:518.

Allorhina nitida, 1:237, 288, 239;

2:114; 5:319; 6:188; 9:353; 10:
516; 11:268, 286; 13:369°; 14,
3297, 340°, 398%.

sobrina, 11:268.

allynii, Eupelmus, 4:33.

Almond, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:223.
Bryobia pratensis, 7:322.
Diabrotiea vittata, 4:103.

Almonds, bitter and sweet, Sito-

drepa panicea in, 4:92.

Orthosia

-alni, Haltica, see H.-bimarginata.

alnifoliae, Lachnus, 9:407, 412.
Alnus species, see Alder, ~
Alobates pennsylvanicus (Syn.
Nyctobates), 4:20, 23; 6:189..
alope, Cercyonis (syn. Satyrus), 4
re

Satyrus, see Cercyonis.

alpha, Liopus (syn. Sternidius), 1
Sa lsnd 12269,

Sternidius, see Liopus.
alpinellus, Crambus, 1:150.
Alsophila pometaria (syn. Anisop-

teryx), 1:11, 57, 72, 329; 4:15, 139,
140, 206;. 11:266; 13:365°, 3707;
14:357°, 396°, 398°.
alternans, Laemophloeus, 3:100; 14:
oO. .

Temnostoma, 7:229.
alternatus, Idiocerus, 9:399, 410.
Althaea, Sciara giraudii in stems
of, 5:265.

Altica rufipes, see Crepidodera.
Alucita, 10:388.
cerealella, see Sitotroga.
granella, see Sitotroga cerealel-
la.
hexadactyla, 12:221.
Alwood, W. B., cited, 11:233.
Alypia octomaculata (syn. Aga-
rista), 1:33; 5:179-83; 6:177; 8:296;
9:455; 10:481; 138:371'; 14:3137,
S20 1359S .OOl,
Alysia manducator, of Europe, 1:
AOE ES
Alyssum, sweet, Phyllotreta vittata
on, 1:60.
Amara, food plants of, 3:99,
angustata, 12:209.
obesa, 10:493.
Amarantus, army worm feeding on,
12:206.
amata, Calopteryx, 7:220.
ambigualis, Gaberasa (syn. Tortri-
codes bifidalis, T. indivisalis), 7
375; 14,:3217.
ambisimilis, Clisiocampa, 11:265.-
Ambler, H. S., insects from, 12:360,
364; 13:372*; reference, 13:358*.
Amblycephalus curtisii, see Athysa-
nus.
inimicus, see Deltocephalus.
' melsheimerii, see Deltocephalus.
Sayii, see Deltocephalus.
Amblycorypha oblongifolia (syn.
Phylloptera), 6:189; 7:369; 9:
464; 10:512, 519; 11:284, 288;
12:363; 14:3181.
rotundifolia, 7:384.
Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, see Rag-
weed.
trifida, 1:115. See also Rag-
weed, great; Horseweed.
ambrosiaefoliella, Bucculatrix, 1:
344; 8:106, 138.
ambulans, Lipura, 2:209.
Amelanchier canadensis, see Shad
bush.
canadensis var.
see Shad bush.
American agriculturist abstractfrom,
14:387°; cited, 2:149; 5:193; 10:
505; 12:194.
American angler, cited, 4:202; 14:
3

botryapium,

American association for the ad- «
vancement of science, Annual ad-
dress of president of entomological
club of, 4:172; Proceedings, ab-
stract from, 12:350; cited, 1:163;
G:1S3;) 82155," 160; 9317-12382:
L214) D430 329", 1 Ba0.. aOs,
392”.

American blight. see Schizoneura
americana,

406

American cyclopedia cited, 9:299.

American entomological society,
Transactions, abstracts from, 14:
3057, 310°, 3108, 358°; cited, 115%,
168, 228; 2:126, 180; 4:80, 114, 151;
5:15, 216227, 2s22 “02255, 256,
280, 285; 8:155, 160; 9:300, 446,
451; 10:408, 411, 417, 478, 508;
11:152, 197, 234, 241; 12:181, 182,
264, 298; 18:335°, 338*, 340°, 344°.

American entomologist, abstracts
from, 14:3237, 3245, 325*; cited,
1:99, 110, 116, 157, 178, 184, 194,
199, 221, 227, 239, 264, 271, 281;
2:89, 1a). 197, 425,426, 132., 142,
149, 168, 208; 4:28, 35, 42, 51, 63,
80, - 93, 103.114... 445, .. $56, 15853
Dilis, 184, 22 234-622 144,
173, 175; '7:225, 228, 246, 247, 255,
219-296... 324: S129. 155. 360:
9:300, 317; 10:388, 405, 482, 453;
11:126, 145, 146, 177, 181, 248; 12:
183; : 190,. 218, 230,. 235, 2357, 264,
266, 290; 13:3433, 3517; 3514.

American entomologist and botanist,
see American entomologist.

American entomology (Le Conte
edit.), see Say, Thomas.

American farmer, abstracts from,
14:378', 379'; cited, 10:489, 490.
American florist cited, 4:73; '7:242;

11 :242.

American garden, abstract from, 14:
351°; cited, 4:204.

American journal of
cited, 2:117.

American journal of science and arts
cited, 2:57, 167; 9:309; 12:229.
American lappet moth, 1:328; 11:

265.

American locust, 11:271.

American naturalist, abstract from,
12:347; cited, 1:99, 127, 149, 211,
247, 254, 281; 2:102, 149, 208;
4:28, 80, 128, 151; 5:164, 207, 234;
7 :324, 372, 374; 8:160; 9:299, 300,
307, 309, 447, 448; 10:388, 404,
405, 477, 478; 11:174, 177, 240;
12:214, 2387, 248, 248, 328, 347; 14:
o10%, 3E*, 319*, 391"; reprint from,
11:124-26.

American philosophical society, Pro-

horticulture

ceedings cited, 1:87, 247, 254;
2:139, 142; 4:103;° 52192; 972228;
9:300;" 10:416> “12 -268-" 13545 *

Transactions cited, 2:136; 4:128;
5:231; 12:235, 268.

American pomological society, Re-
port, abstract from, 14:352'; cited,
2:125; 5:299. -

American quarterly journal of science
and agriculture cited, 2:203; 4:158;
G25. POAT: 1 iol. ao oie

—

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

American rural home cited, 3:149.
americana, Acronycta, erroneous
reference of A. funeralis.
Cimbex, 1:188; 8:300; 11:284.
Clisiocampa, see Clisiocampa

americana.
Euprepia, see Arctia caja.
Gastropacha, see Phyllodesma.
Harrisina (syn. Procris) 2:231;
TiO; T4323, 320, core
Meromyza, 1:221-27, 344; 3:96>
6:178; T7377; 12-361; 14:322—
326°, 335°. See also Wheat
stem maggot.
Penthimia, 9:397.

Phyllodesma (syn. Gastro-
pacha), -1:328; -9:456? 12265—
14:313°.

Procris, see Harrisina.
Schistocera, 11:271; 14:340°.
Schizoneura, 5:319.
Silpha, 9:462; 11:285.
Uropoda, see Uropoda ameri-
cana.
americanum, Belostoma, 3:141; 4:
145, 208; 6:189; 7:383; 8:299; 10:
512, 517; 14:357°.
americanus, Argas, 6:158.
Chauliognathus, see C. pennsyl-

vanicus.

Chrysophanus, see Heodes hypo-
phlaeas.

Dermacentor (syn. Ixodes), 6:
158.

Ixodes, see Dermacentor.
Julus, see Spirobolus margina-
tus.
Lithobius, see L. forficatus.
Necrophorus, 14:309°,
ammerlandia, Scutelligera, see Mi-
crodon globosus.
amoena, Drosophila, 1:221, 330; 11:
267.
Amoenitates Academicae cited, 8:155.
Ampelophaga myron (syn. Darapsa,
Sphinx, S. pampinatrix), 4:201,
202; 5:174-79, 307, 324; '7:381; Sz
186-87, 295; 9:450; 10:481, 508,509,
515; 12:354, 359; 14:309°, 317%
350", 351°, 355°, 362%, 394°.
ampelophila, Drosophila, 1:65; 2:6,
221, 3307-67117, 173, (iE ae
267, 285; 4.4328; 326 a5"
ampelopsidis, Telamona, 9:391.
Ampelopsis or A. quinquefolia, see
Woodbine.
Amphibolips prunus, 4:42; 14:357%.
Amphicarpoea monoica, see Falcata
comosa.
Amphicerus bicaudatus (syn. Apate,

Bostrichus), 1:312, 330; 2:125-32;
9:447; 11:268; 12:362; 14:311’,
3427.

Amphidasys cognataria, see Lycia,

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Amphion nessus, 10:515.
Amphipyra pyramidoides, 1:328; 4:
188;-8:296; 11:265.
-Amphisa discopunctana, 10:483._
ampla, Plusia, 10:377.
Amsterdam [N. Y.] daily democrat,
abstract from, 14:368°; cited, 5:
314; '7:367; 9:299.
amygdali, Diaspis (syn. D.
tus), 12:355; 14:394',
amyntor, Ceratomia (syn. C. quadri-
ecornis), 8:296; 10:481, 507, 508,
509; 12:359; 14:3097, 309°.
Amyot, C. J. B., and Serville, J. G.,
Histoire naturelle des insectes—
Hémipteéres cited, 10:430.
Anacampsis cerealella, see Sitotro-
ga.
robiniella, see Gelechia.
anaglypticus, Copris, 10:516.
Analcis fragariae, see Tyloderma.
Anametis granulatus (syn. A.
grisea), 11:269, 270.
grisea, see A. granulatus.
Anarsia lineatella (Syn. A. pruinel-
la), 1:151-56; 6:173;'7:369, 375;
e267; 14316", °° 318%, 320°,
a24*; 385°.
pruinella, see A. lineatella.
Anasa tristis, attacking melons, 3:
110-12, 147; attracting to shelters,
1:68; creosote oil for, 9:484; gyp-
sum and kerosene for, 2:29; pyre-
thrum harmless to, 1:39; refer-
ence, 2:165; 8:288, 299; 10:497,
519; 11:282, 287; 13:374*; 14:345',
DeeeeOl.. oOo; OG, os2, O80,
390‘; remedies, 6:169; 8:205-7;:10:
504; 11:282.
anatipennella,
Europe 1:163.
-Anatis 15-punctata, see A. ocellata.
ocellata (syn. A. 15-punctata),
3:116; 5:305; 8:284, 298; 138:
aoe, olor L4354° 371°,
anchocelioides, Rhynchagrotis (Syn.
Agrotis cupida), 1:58; 7:375; 14:
BoL
anchorago, Stiretrus, 2:146.
Ancyloxypha numitor, 9:461.
anecylus, Aspidiotus, 11:213,
275, 287; 14:388?.
andereggiella, Argyresthia, 11:267.
Andrenidae, 7:219; 10:360; 11:103.
Andrews, W. V., cited, 13:345°.
Andricus saltatus, a jumping gall
insect, 7:309. ;
Angelica, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:92.
angelica, Apatelodes, 9:455; 14:313°.
Angerona crocataria, see Xantho-
type.

lana-

Coleophora, of

271,

407

Angoumois moth, 1:299, 316; 2:102-
10; 4:17; °6:187; 10:377-86, 485,
492, 510; 14:342°, 377°, 379".

Anguillulidae, 6:165; 8:221; 10:400,
449; 11:255; 14:359°._—i;

angulalis, Palthis, 11:266.

angulifera, Callosamia
tacus), 4:206.

Angus, James, cited, 7:255; insects
from, 9:461; observations on Ci-
cada, 12:285.

angusii, Datana, 4:178.

angustata, Amara, 12:209.

angustatum, Mallodon, 7:251.

angustatus, Nysius (syn. N. destruc-

(syn. At-

tony. BOs 301; 2-166. — Ocaaiks
11:270; 14:341°.
angusticollis, Meloé, 6:130; 9:458;

10:511, 517; 11:286; 14:314° 367°.
angustifrons, Anthomyia, see Phor-
bia fusciceps Zett.
Chortophila, see Phorbia fusci-
ceps Zett.
angustus, Cryptocampus, 13:336°.
Ania limbata (syn. Nematocampa
filamentaria), 3:1386; 4,:206; 9:456;
11:266; 14:313%.
anilis, Clerus, 4:142.
Anisodactylus from
roots, 9:462.
rusticus, 12:209.
Anisopteryx pometaria,
Phila.
vernata, see Paleacrita.
Anisota bicolor, see Sphingicampa.
bisecta, see Sphingicampa.
heiligbrodti, see Sphingicampa.
pellucida, see A. virginiensis.
rubicunda (syn. Dryocampa), 3:
91; 5:197, 198, 200; 9:295, 422,
455; 10:507; 14:309°, 313°.
Senatoria (syn. Adelocephala),
2:230; 3:91; 5:192-200, 9:450,
458; L4:3127..333°, 362°:
stigma, 3:91; 5:197, 199.
virginiensis (Syn. A. pellucida),
5:199.
Annals of nature cited, 4:128.
annexa, Agrotis, see Feltia.
Feltia (syn. Agrotis), 8:235.
Annual register of rural affairs cited,
P02: :
annulata, Brochymena, 11:270.
Plesiastina, 10:392.
Psylla, see P. carpini var.
Annulosa Javanica cited, 2:136.

strawberry. -

see Also-

Anobium obesum, see Sitodrepa
panicea.
paniceum, see Sitodrepa pani-

cea.
tesselatum, see Xestobium rufo
villosum. .

408

Anomala, black, 1:307.
light-loving, 1:307.
margined, 10:411-13;

12:352.

Anomala atrata, see A. lucicola.
binotata, 10:413,
lucicola (syn. A. atrata, A. ma-

culicollis, A. moerens, A. pini-

11:268;

cola), 1:307; 5:305, 325; 10;
408-10; 12:352; 13:373°; 14:
Swe ooo.
maculicollis, see A. lucicola,
marginata (syn. Melolontha),
10:411-13, 491; 11:268; 12:

B02: Facto, 1a0o.-
minuta, 10:412, 413.
moerens, see A. lucicola.
pinicola, see A. lucicola.
undulata (syn. A, varians), 10:
413; 11:268.
varians, see A. undulata.

Anomalon, oviposition in Datana,
8:164.

Anomia rosae, see Typhlocyba.

Anopedias error (syn. Platygaster),
aA eZ:

Anopheles 12:321.

hyemalis, see A. punctipennis.

punctipennis (syn. Culex and
Anopheles hyemalis, and A.
quadrimaculatus in error),
1:298; 2:241; 12:320; 14:3487.

quadrimaculatus, erroneous ref-
erence of A. punctipennis.

Anoplitis scutellaris, see Odontota
dorsalis.

Anosia plexippus (syn. Danais ar-
chippus), 4:135-36; 5:285; 8:287;
10:490; 14:357°, 3797.

Anotia bonnetii, 9:387.

Ant, black, 1:213, 321; 10:491.
carpenter, 12:181; 14:399°.
cherry tree, 10:365, 366.
European wood, 12:182.
fallow, 11:115.
large black, 1:62; 11:113, 114.
little black, 9:370; 11:118.
little red or yellow (Monomo-

rium pharaonis), 1:62, 65, 321;
4:133; 9:371, 441; 10:366; 11:

109-14, 281-82; 12:356; 14:
390°, 395°.

mound making, 11:115; 12:181;
14:399*.

New York, 1:330; 11:264.

pavement, 11:113.

Pennsylvania, carpenter, 12:
181.

white, 9:454.

wood, 2:58.

yellow (Formica rufa), 11:278.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Ant lions, appearance and habits,
11:234; capture of prey, 11:235;
climbing, 7:319; 9:440; 14:374';
habits of European species, 11:
239; life history, 11:236-38; litera-
ture of Myrmeleonidae, 11:240-41;
number of species, 11:234; pitfall,
11:235; reference to, 1:79; 2:233;
9:454; 12: 357; 14: 312°, 336°: trans-
formations, 11 :236;. under carpet,
7 :318-20; United States species of
Ascalaphinae, 11:239.

Ants, associated with plant lice,
9:370, 3871, 441; 10:501; attacking
Cicada, 12:289: cutworms, P3321:
larvae of vagabond Crambus, 1:
145; classification, 1:78; injuries
to orange trees, 10:366; in apple
tree, 1:218; in lawns, 11:115-16;
12:356; 14:387°, 395°; in straw-
berry beds, 10:502; longevity of,
4:181; number of species in~
United States, 11:115; on fruit
trees, 10:365-68, 491; 11:115; 12:
351; 14:379*, 392°; on peonies, 10:
368-69, 491; 14:379°; preying upon
young 17-year locust, 2:177; refer-
ence to, 2:35; 4:84, 114; 9:454; 10:
398; 11:235, 280; 14:322°; reme-
dies, 10:367; 14:385*; senseorgans
of, 4:180; soluble phenyle for, 1:
50; species treated, 10:365-69; 11:
109-16; 12:181-82; Staphylinidae
parasitic upon, 1:187; value of, in
orchards, 10:368. _

antennalis, Chlorops, see Sapromyza
vulgaris.

antennata, Nylina (syn. X. cinerea),
1:137, 328; 11:265, 279.

antennatum, Callidium, 13:373°.

Anthemis, Phytomyza chrysanthemi
(P. lateralis in error) mining, 4:
rae

| Anthomaster leonardus (syn. Pam-

phila), 9:449; 14:311°.
Anthomyia, 1 47, 75, 171, 180-81, 195,
200, 202; 8:285.
alcathoe, 1:171.
angustifrons, see Phorbia fusci-
ceps Zett.
antiqua, see Hylemyia.
betae, see Pegomyia.
brassicae, see Phorbia.
calceola MS., 1:195.
ceparum, see Phorbia.
fly larva; A172:
goniphora MS., 1:195.
ischiaca MS., 1:195.
lactucarum, 1:191.
latitarsus, 1:171.
lenis MS., 1:195.
lunatifrons MS., 1:195.
notatifrons MS., 1:195.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Anthomyia pluvialis, 1:171.

radicum (syn. Musca), 1:17],
184, 185, 186, 191-94, 196, 198;
14:335°. ;

radicum var. calopteni Riley,
see Phorbia fusciceps Zeit.

raphani, 1:48, 171, 198, 194-99,
296, 322; 2:28; 14:335°.

ruficeps, 1:171, 185.

similis (syn. Hylemyia), 1:171,
202; 14:338°.

species, 11:170-72, 285; 12:357,

sods 94,:37%2', 395"
sulcans, see Pegomyia betae.
timida MS., 1:195.
zeae, see Phorbia fusciceps Zeit.

anthomyiae, Aleochara, see A.
nitida.

Anthomyiidae, 1:168-211; 2:35, 46,
225; 5:314; 11:170-72.

Anthonomus crataegi, see Pseudan-

- thonomus.

musculus, erroneous reference
of A. signatus.

pomorum,11:270.

quadrigibbus, see Tachypterus.

signatus (A. musculus in ECrOE},
3:1389; 9:431.

species, 10:517.

sycophanta, 5:1738.

Anthony, Mrs E. C., insects from,
10:516; 11:284, 286; 12:359, 360,
361, 363; 13:374°.

Anthophila, number of U. S. species,
4:181.

Anthophora retusa, 10:386.

Anthracnose, 4:185.

Anthreni, 11:173.

Anthrenus, 1:64, 74; 9:381.

scrophulariae, associated witb
Attagenus megatoma, 2:46,
226; 7:377; bibliography of,
9:299, 300; contributions of,
5:325; 6: 188: development
and deposit of eggs, 11:173;
eating lace curtains, 11:173;
fondness for dead insects,
11:173; general account of
(abstract), 7:372; 8:292, 293;
(extended), 9:299-306; habits,
ete., 5:267, 268, 314; 6:173;
8:294; 11:174; 13:359%, 3675;
in Akron, O., 3:189; intro-
duced from EHurope, 4:175;
6:335; lady birds mistaken
for, 4:195, 196; 6:118; linen
and silk not eaten by, 2:47,
232; 4:179; longevity of
larvae, 3: 138; museum pest,
2:138; 5:268; occurrence on
flowers, 4:141; ravages, ex-
tent of, 1:9, 10; 6:120; refer-

409

ence, 8:373, 374; 10:498; 11:
280; 13:359%, 367; 14:316+,
SIG ole. BIG SIO. B20, ania.
BLL O22 \OL4, OLD, ABE JOO,
350°, 357°, 363°, 366°, 383*, 389°,
395’, 397°, 400'; remedies for,
1:59, 64; 7:364; 9:304-6; 12:
357; reward for destruction
of, 6:120; rhubarb as a lure
for, :1(2-%3;
varieties; flavipes, 9:299,
301; lepidus, 6:175; 9:299, 303;
thoracicus, 9:299, 301.
varius, see A. verbasci.
verbasci (syn. A. varius), 1:
65, 299; 2:188; 4:141; 5:267,
268; 6:120.
Anthribidae, 2:140.
Anthribus variegatus Fourcr. (Syn.
A.varius of Europe, ?Brachy-

tarsus varius), 1:259; 2:53,
140.

variegatus Say, see Brachy-
tarsus.

varius of Europe, see A. varie-
gatus Fourcr.

Anthricidae on apple, 11:269.

antiopa, Euvanessa (syn. Vanessa),
2:230, 232; 4:1387; 8:296; 10:
507; 12:354, 359; 14:309°, 333%,
834°, 3944.

Vanessa, see Huvanessa.

antiqua, Anthomyia, see Hylemyia.

Hylemyia (syn. Anthomyia), 1
Via, 179, 180, 202.

Notolophus (syn. Orgyia, O.
nova), 1:98; 7:219, 381; 8:289;
11:264, 285; 14:373°.

Orgyia, see Notolophus.

Antispila cornifoliella, 11:157, 159.

nyssaefoliella, bibliography, 11:
157; larva and its mine, 11:
158; larva described, 11:157-
58; life history, 11:158, 159;
moth described, 11:157; pu-
pating cases, 11:158; refer-
ence, 10:510; 12:357; 14:395°;
remedy, 11:159.

Antithesia nimbatana, see Penthina.
Anurida maritima, 2:210.
anxius, Agrilus (syn. A. torpidus),
5:288, 317; 10:407; 14:3395°.
Apamea, 1:71, 115.
Apanteles congregatus, 2:229; 4:
201, 202;'5:177, 307,. 324:
7:364; 8:111, 187; 9:461:
20509; 515. 20-142. 12-
304, 359; 14:333°, 3507,
351”, 355°, 366°, 394.
var. atalantae (syn. Micro-
gaster atalantae), 2:39.
var. pieridis (syn. Micro-—
gaster pieridis), 3:135.

4IO

Apanteles congregatus var. rufo-

coxalis (syn. A. rufocox-
alis), 9:461.

gelechiae, see Microgaster.

limenitidis, 12:210.

militaris, 8:238; 12:210.

rufocoxalis, see A. congregatus

var.

Apate bicaudatus, see Amphicerus.
rufipennis, see Polygraphus.
Apatelodes angelica, 9:455; 14:313%.

Apathus, 11:104.

Apatura cocles, see Chlorippe.
herse, see Chlorippe clyton.
lycaon, see Chlorippe celtis.

Apgar, A. C., cited, 9:300.

Aphaniptera, 1:79.

Aphelinus, 11:232.
mytilaspidis, 1:61.

Aphididae, catalogue of, Fitch, 9:
411-13; general account (abstract)
4:194; 6:171; list of, Oestlund’s,
4:176; on apple, 11:271; reference,
1:4, 300; 3:121, 124; 8:254, 281;
9:319, 381; 10:430; 11:200; 14:
347°, 3617, 400°; species treated,
2:180-87; 3112-28; 5 :246-57;
6:147-48; 10:426-80; 12:290-92;
13 :361°-63". See also Plant lice.

Aphidiinae, subfamily of Bra-
conidae, 5:253. :

Aphidius destroying aphids, 1:302.

Aphidius avenae, of Europe, 5:253.

Aphidivorous Ichneumonidae, 5:253.

Aphids, abundance of, 3:83, 116,
145; 10:426-29; 12:352; aphis
lion destructive to, 1:302; black

ants associated with, 9:370-71;
10:365, 366, 391; caterpillar feed-
ing upon, 9:346; Chalcids parasi-
tie upon, 1:160; destroyed by
rains, 10:489; hibernation of, 1:
317; honey dew of, 3:118; 5:304;
10:366; injuries by, 3:125; lace
winged fly preying upon, 10:429;
lady bugs preying upon, 1:302; 4:
85, 194; 7:217, 429; losses caused
by, 3:84; potatoes attacked by,
3:121, 122; pyrethrum fatal to, 1:
40; rapid multiplication of, 1:302;
3:144; 8:267; reference, 10:368,
498, 505; 11:225; 14:383°, 393°;
remedies for, 2:38; 7:318; 8:274;
9:372, 431-32, 441; 10:367; root in-
festing, 9:371; spiders eating?,
10:429, 480; Syrphid larvae prey-
ing upon, 1:212; woolly, 1:43; 2:
181; 3:124, 125; 4:179; 5:160.
Aphis, dilute paraffin for, 1:46; in-
: jury to currant leaves, 1:272;
on hops, 1:319; on peach
roots, 2:19; on potatoes, 8:
299; parasitized by Aphidius,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

1:302; poisonous secretion of,
1:314;. prolificacy of, 1:14;
reference, 10:491,494; soluble
phenyle for, 1:49.

black, 5:254.

Aphis aceris, see Chaitophorus,

asclepiadis (syn. Siphonophora),
9:405, 411.

avenae, see Nectarophora gran-
aria.

berberidis, see Rhopalosiphum.

betulaecolens, see Callipterus.

brassicae, 1:296; 6:147; 7:317,
372; 9:405, 412, 440; 10:495;
14:319°, 3687, 374°, 378, 3817.

earotae, of Europe, 3:123.

eerasi, see Myzus.

cerasicolens, 9:405, 411, 412.

cerasifoliae, 9:411.

cerealis, see Nectarophora gran-
aria.

chrysanthemi, of Europe, 2:20,
pate

cornifoliae, 9:405, 412.

erataegifoliae, 9:406, 412.

cucumeris, see A. gossypii.

dauci, of Europe, 3:123, 151.

gossypii (syn. A. cucumeris), 5:
306, 326; 8:210, 288; 10:497;
11:168; 14:355°, 371°, 382°.

granaria, see Nectarophora.

hordei, see Nectarophora gran-
aria.

humuli, see Phorodon. -

lanata, 9:320.

lanigera, see Schizoneura.

mali, abundance, 3:83, 145; 8:
123; 10:426, 427, 489; depre-
dating on apple trees, 1:331;
11:271; 13:3637?; general ac-
count, 1:317; 3:118-21, 143;
reference, 1:8, 302; 6:148; 8:
281, 285; 9:293, 378, 405, 412;
10:503, 512;. 12191, 203) a0.
13:367'; 14:343°, -3445, 344°,
352°. 370°, 312% GLO cer ee
400‘; remedies, 5:160, 161; 8:
217; 9:431, 482.

malifoliae, 1:331; 9:412; 11:271.

middletonii, 9:371, 441; 10:501;
14:375°, 385°.

nerii Kalt., of Europe, 3:122.

persicae-niger, see A. prunicola.

pinicolens, 9:406, 412.

populifoliae, see Chaitophorus.

pruni, erroneous reference of A.
prunifoliae.

pruni-mahaleb, see
humuli.

prunicola. (syn. A. persicae-
niger, Myzus persicae), 2:19-
238; 5:256, 315; 9:369; 11:279;
14:338°, 3897.

Phorodon

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Aphis prunifoliae (A. pruni in error),
8:125, 299; 9:369; 11:277; 12:
3850; 14:388°, 392°.
ribis, see Myzus.
rudbeckiae, see Nectarophora.
rumicis, 9:440; 14:375°.
sambucifoliae, 9:406, 412.
silybi Pass., of Europe, 3:122.
solannina Pass., of Europe, 3:
at 22;
Aphis lion, 1:302.
Aphodius fimetarius, 3:103; 7:312,
379, 383; 4:440; 13:3738*; 14:
3745.
fossor, 3:103; 7:379.
inquinatus, 3:102-3; 7:379; 14:
BLOT Ooo.
prodromus, 7:312.
species, 12:361.

Aphorura armata (syn. Lipura fime-
taria), 2:208-10; 6:1738; 7:374; 11:
253; 14:320', 324*, 342°.

Aphritis globosus, see Microdon.

aphrodite, Argynnis, 4:186; 5:285;
M2A9,

Aphrophora, four-spotted, 9:392.
Aphrophora parallela (syn. Lepy-
ronia), 1:285; 4:121; 5:245; 9:
393, 410.
quadrangularis, see Lepyronia.
quadrinotata, 5:245; 9:392.
saratogensis (syn. Lepyronia),
1:285; 4:121; 9:398, 410.
signoreti, 5:245.

aapicalis, Melalopha, (syn. Ichthyura
vau), 9:455; 14:313°.

_-apicosa, Erastria, 10:482.

Apidae, 5:284; 7:219; 10:359; 11:
1038, 104; number of species, 11:
103; reference, 5:284; 7:219; 10:
359; social members, 11:104; state
eollection of, 11:104.

-apiformis, Microdon, of Europe, 2:
116 ;

apivora, Trupanea, see Promachus
fitchii.

-apivorus, Promachus, see P. fitchii.

Trichodes, 3:138.
Aplodes glaucaria, see. Synchlora.
rubivora, see Synchlora glau-
caria,

-Apocynum androsaemifolium eaten
by Pyrausta futilalis, 11:139.
appendiculatus, Gymnonychus (syn.
Pristiphora grossulariae), 2:5.

Apple blossoms, army worm moths |

on, 12:202.
Apple flies (Drosophila), 1:219.
Apple leaf Bucculatrix, distribu-
tion, 1:158-59; 5:261-62; 8:123;
general account, 1:157-62; 5:260-
62; parasites, 1:159-61; 10:369;

4II

Psocus bred from cocoons, 1:161-
62; reference, 1:330; 2:224; 4:200
5:317; 6:174-75; 7:354, 359; 8:135,
136, 1387, 218, 281, 283; 9:445; 11:
267; 12:307, 3860; 14:3257, 3317,
335", 3395, 349", 3637, 3647, 3697,
370’, 373%, 376°; remedies, 1:162;
5:262; stages of, 1:157-58.

Apple leaf folder, 1:329;
lesser, 1:329; 11:121.

Apple leaf hopper, green, 11:271.

Apple leaf Micropteryx, 1:330; 11:
267.

11:266;

Apple leaf miner, 1:330; 7:354; 9:
445; 11:160-62, 267; 12:357.

Apple leaf sewer, 8:123.

Apple leaf skeletonizer, 1:329; 11:
266.

Apple leaf tyer, green (Teras

minuta), 1:329; 11:266.

Apple maggot (Trypeta pomonella),
distribution, 2:121-22; 8:246-47,
fly described, 2:119-20; 8:245;
general account, 2:117-25; 8:245-
49; larva, habits, ete., 2:118-19;
122-23;. 8:246, 247; life history,
2:120-21, 124; 8:245-46, 248-49;
reference, 1:330; 2:227, 234; 5:300;
8:116; 10:499; 11:267; 14:336',
342°, 3537, 384°, 391°; remedial
measures, 2:123; 8:247-48; 12:
347, 348.

Apple midge, 1:219, 330; 2:125; 10:
388, 391; 11:267.

Apple root blight, 9:408.

Apple root plant louse, 1:47, 331;
11:271.

Apple seab, 4:185.

Apple sphinx, 1:327; 11 264,

Apple thrips, 1:332; 11:271.

Apple tree, insect depredators on,

list of, 1:327-82; 11:263-72;
insects injurious to;
Acronycta species, 5:321.
Alaus oculatus, 4:142; 9:448.

* Alsophila pometaria (syn. Ani-
sopteryx), 4:15, 189; 13: 365%,
3707.

Amphicerus bicaudatus, 1:312;
2:125; 9:447.

Anarsia lineatella, 1:155.

Anomala marginata, 10: 412.

Aphis mali, 1:317; 3:83, 118-21,
148, 144, 145, 146; 5:161; 8:123,
217, 281, 285; 9:298, 373, 405,
431, 482; 10:426, 427, 489; 12:
307; 13:3638.

Aspidiotus juglans-regiae, 12:

' 816.

perniciosus, 11:206, 207, 224,
287, 12316, 363; 13 :374".
Aspidiseca splendoriferella, 11:
159.

412

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Apple tree, insects injurious to;

Balsa malana (syn. Nolophana),
12:312.

Bucculatrix pomifoliella, 1:157;
2-224; -5:260, 317; 62174: 7:
216,. 354, 368, 382; 87123; 9:
445; 10:510; 12:307, 360; 14:
3313.

Cacoecia argyrospila, 7:356; 9:

374

rosaceana, 11:121; 12:312,
360.
Camponotus herculaneus, 10:
365.
Carneades messoria (syn. Agro-
fis), EIN,
scandens (syn. Agrotis), 11:
a byt
Carpocapsa pomonella, 1:35, 58;
eo. 41525. Deolo: collid.
245, 290, 297; 9:296, 388-42,
422; 14:371.
Catocala grynea, 11:121.
Witrenia, 1 £121
Ceresa bubalus, 1:315, 318; 4:
146; 8:294.
Chauliognathus marginatus, 4:
84

Chionaspis furfurus, 8:293, 299;
9:440, 464; 11:203, 288; 12:
348; 13:368°; 14:316°.

Chrysobothris femorata, 1:303;
2:20, 21: LO:488>) 122356: 213°
365+.

Cicada septendecim, 2:176; 12:
Do, Like, Ale. Ak

Clisiocampa americana, 3:85;

5-152: 6106s 72215262122;
9:441; 11:121;12:307, 353;
13 :366°; 14:328°.

disstria (syn. C. sylvatica),
3:91, 147.

Coleophora, 8:297.

fietcherella, 9:374; 12: 307,
360.

malivorella, 1:168; 2:225; 6:
is; 143122. ee

Conotrachelus nenuphar, 2:13;
a Lee,

Crepidodera rufipes, 4:101-3,
196; 14:348°.

Datana integerrima, 12:309.

ministra, 1:320; 5:307.
Dolerus sericeus, 4:197.
Drosophila, 2:124. -

amoena, 1:221.

Elaphidion villosum (syn.
E. parallelum), 9:359; 12:314,
362.

Ennomos subsignarius, 11:121.

Euphoria inda, 1:237.

Exartema malana (syn. Eccop-
SIS), oh det 2.

Gryllus abbreviatus, 8:179.

Apple tree, insects injurious to:

Halisidota earyae, 7:355; 8:296.

Hymenorus obscurus, 2:226; 6:
129, 130.

Hyphantria cunea (syn. H. tex-
tor); .1:306: 3:93.

Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

Ithycerus noveboracensis, 1:
331. 5

Leptocoris trivittatus, 4:158;
10:4338.

Leptostylus aculiferus, 1:304.

Lycia cognataria (syn. Amphi-
dasys), 2:101; 14:332°.

Lygus pratensis, 14:3537.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229; 4:142, 198; 9:420; 12:
362.

Megalopyge dibaten (syn.
Lagoa), 4:5

Mermis ee 4:127.

Mineola indigenella, 11:121.

Monarthrum mali, 7:316, 3870;
9:440; 14:318°.

Mytilaspis pomorum (syn. M.
pomicorticis), 2:232; 3:146;
4:114; 8:286, 293; 9:373, 411;
11:202; 12:348; 14:316°

Noctua clandestina (Syn. Agro-
tis), 11:121.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia) 2:68; 5:321; 11:121.

Oecanthus fasciatus, 10:486.

hniveus, 9:464; 10:486; 14:
3167.

Paleacrita vernata (syn. Anisop-
teryx), 1:33; 2:7, 44; 3:933.
4:139; 5:258; 1 higis 1220-
13 :374".

Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro--
tis), 5:201, 205; 11:121.

Phobetron pithecium, 5:187,,.
306.

Phoxopteris nubeculana, 8:123,,.
297.

Polycaon confertus, 2:132.

Porthetria dispar (syn. Oc--
neria), 7:304.

Prionus laticollis, 4: 29.

Psocus venosus, 1:161.

Psylla mali, 9:323.

pyricola (syn. P. pyrisuga),.
12334;

Saperda candida, 2:25, 27; 3:
105; 5:269, 320; 7:318; 9:440>;-
10:488; 12:356; 13:365°.

Schizoneura lanigera, 1:331; 2:
181; 3:125; 6:160; 9:40, 407,.
411, 412; 13:366°.

Schizura concinna (syn. Oede--
masia), 3:90, 91, 150; 5:309;.
8:292; 14:312° 3167, 346.

Sciara mali (syn. Molobrus), 2>
125, 227; 10:391; 14:332°.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Apple tree, insects injurious to;

Scolytus rugulosus, 4:104, 186;
£2 2873512 3362.

Sphinx drupiferarum, 10:496.

Systena hudsonias, 13:373°.

Tachypterus quadrigibbus (syn.
Anthonomus), 6:174; 9:419.

Teras minuta, 11:121.

‘Fhrips tritiei, £1 :250.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84. .
Tischeria malifoliella, 3:187,

140; 6:187; 7:354; 9:445, 462;
11:160; 14:376".

Tmetocera ocellana, 4:14; 7:216,
306, 360, 363, 382; 8:124, 218,
297; 9:296, 3738, 462; 10:488;
ea 12307.

Tremex columba, 4:38.

Trypeta pomonella, 2:118, 227,
234; 8:245, 249; 10:499; 12:
347.

Xyleborus dispar (Syn. X.
pyri, X. obesus), 1:310; 3:
141; 5:318; 6:350, 361, 370.

Ypsolophus pometellus (syn.
Chaetochilus), 1:300.

Zeuzera pyrina, 9:426.

Apple tree aphis, abundance, 10:
426, 490; general habits, 1:317-
18; 3:118-21; 10:490; life history,
3:119-20; prolificacy, 3:119; refer-
ence, 1:8, 302, 331; 3:81, 148, 144,
145; 4:103, 204; 5:103, 300; 6:148;
7:349; 8:217, 281, 285; 9:3738, 405,
Prete al 2s 1A 271, 273; 12-307:
137363", 3677; 14::344° -352°, 3533,
ReeE Io: ata. tol. oro, S87,
397*; remedies, 3:120-21, 144, 145-
46; 5:160-68; 8:217; 1273:
unusual abundance, 3:118; 8:123.

Apple tree bark beetle, 1:331; 7:
316, 370; 9:440; 11:270; 14.:374°.

Apple tree bark louse or scale, 1:316,
301; 4:114-20, 195; 5:319; 6:165;
Dees tc 201, «202.271: 273-74,
217, 288; 138:374°; 14,:3347, 340°,
Sotto tots; GO, ole, ost
388°.

Apple tree blight, 9:407.

Apple tree blossom weevil, 11:270.

Apple tree borer, 1:64, 308, 312, 316;

me 20. 21593:1057:4:10T: 10:
488; 12:356; 13:365*, 366°; 14:
378%, 394°,. 396°.

flat-headed, 1:58, 330; 2:25, 225;
6:154; 7:379; 11:267; 12:356.

round-headed, 1:58, 331; 2:27;
5:269, 320; 7:313;. 9:440; 11:
269; 12:239, 245, 246, 356; 14:
340°, 374°.

Apple tree bud worm, 1:329; 11:
121, 266.

Apple tree case bearer,

413

1:163-67,
329; 2:225; 6:178; 8:123, 217, 281, .
297; 11:122, 267; 12:307, 360; 14:
326°, 331%, 3357, 370°

Apple tree caterpillar, red humped,

1:57, 328; 3:90-91, 150; 4:204; 5:
309; 11 :265; .14:3527, 356°: yellow
necked 1257; 320, 228; 2:835;484:
264; 14:356'; many dotted, 11:265;
tent . caterpillar; attacking
maples, 6:166; collecting the
tents, 1:57; destroying eggs of, 1:
56; 9:486-37; reference, 1:85, 328;
28a Osos 40 ade Tc oalesabo: 8:
122339 2932) O95 55 121 265,
281; 12:307, 353; 13:3667, 369°;
14:354*, 358°, 359%, -3864", 375°, 376+,
380°, 390*, 393°, 396°, 3987; reme-
dies, 5:304; 6:106; 7:215; 9:482,
436-37, 441; unusual abundance,
5:152; 6:106; 7:215; 9:486-37.

Apple tree curculio, 1:60, 3831; 4:
201; 6:174; 9:419; 11:270; 14:324°.

Apple tree flea beetle 11:269.

Apple tree pruner, 1:330; 11:268.

Apple twig borer, 1:330; 2:125-32;
9:447; 11:268; 14:3427.

Apple worm (Carpocapsa pomonel-
la), attacking quinces, 2:12; Mer-
mis parasitic upon, 4:127; 8:290;
reference, 1:219; 2:118, 120, 122,
124-) -452> 53300; "805, 2 32Ls * 6s
104= O:29G6.. 422 1 O ood Eee
133; 12:360; 14:371'; remedies, 1:
30-06, 255; 60, "632 25123: 8:282;
soldier beetle larvae feeding upon,
4:85, 86, 87; 5:316; 9:344.

Apricot, insects injurious to;

Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:206,
oo EN
Carpocapsa pomonella, 9:340;
14:371. 3
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Otiorhynchus tenebricosus, 2:
52:
Phobetron pithecium, 7:382.
Telephorus bilineatus, 8:174.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis,1:84.

Xyleborus dispar (Syn. X. pyri),
Lsi0:

Aptera, 1:79; 11:252.

apterus, Bittacus, 10:474, 478.

aquatica, Podura, 2:210; 7:374; 11:
Dither

Aquilegia, see Columbine.

aquilonaris, Cerura, see C. scolopen-
drina.

Arachis hypogaea, see Groundnut.
Arachnida, 6:156; 8:302; 9:466; 10:
449-60, 518; 11:272, 288; 14:368°.

Arachnoidea, 5:290.

~

414

Aramigus fulleri, 2:142-44; 4:198;

5:154, 311, 325; 14:337;, 342", 347+.

Araneidae, not known to inflict

wounds, 4:114,

araneoides, Cermatia, 4:133.

Arbor day manual, abstract from,

14:388.

Arbor. vitae, number of insects in-
jurious to, 4:20; Siberian mites
injuring, 4:201;

insects, ete., injurious to;

_ Bryobia pratensis, 7:322.
Cicada septendecim, 2:176.
Hylesinus opaculus, 4:144.
Tetranychus telarius, 4:203; 14:

350°, 351+.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:72, 81, 84; 4:21; 6:177.
arborum-linearis, Coccus, see My-
tilaspis pomorum.

Archasia galeata (syn. Smilia au-

riculata), 9:389, 410.

Arched filaments of

166, 168.

archippivora, Frontina (syn. Masi-

cera), 8:238.
Masicera, see Frontina.
archippus, Basilarchia (syn. Limeni-
tis disippus), 1:327; 2:220; 4:
137; 10:507; 11:264; 14:309°.
Danais, see Anosia plexippus.

Archiv der Naturgeschichte (Wieg-

man’s) cited, 10:453.

Arctia arge, see Euprepia.
caja (Syn. Euprepia, E. ameri-

eana), 9:452; 14:312°.
isabella, see Pyrrharctia.
parthenice see Euprepia.
phyllira, see EKuprepia.
virgo, see EKuprepia.

arctiae, Ophion, 7:228; 12:188, 189.

arctica, Hadena, see Xylophasia.
Mamestra, see Xylophasia.
Xylophasia (Syn. Hadena,

Mamestra), 1:8; 5:212; 9:447;
10:482; 14:311'.

Arctiidae, species treated of, 12:

183-89.

Arctium lappa, see Burdock.

arcuata, Corythuca (syn. Tingis), 1:

SLs A808 + ek (0,
Tingis, see Corythuca.

arcuatus, Syrphus, 11:284.

Argas americanus, 6:158.
persicus, 6:158.

arge, Arctia, see Euprepia.
Euprepia (syn. Arctia),

14:313°.

argentifrons, Miltogramma, 12:210.

argentina, Mantis, 4:162.

argillacea, Aletia (syn. A. xylina),

17,35, 58; 117, 328-2-22054-206;

11:266; 12:342.

Diplosis, 11:

9:455;

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Argus [Albany], abstract from, 12:

| 302; 13:368°; 14:310*, 315%, 334°*,
334%, 340*, 3417, 348*, 3937; cited,
2:149, 232, 233; 4:151, 196; 5:318,
oe 8:291, 292; 9:299, 446; 12:190,
D3.

argus, Chelymorpha, 4:14, 201, 207;
6:188; 10:516, 517; 14:350°.

Argynnids, scarcity of, 12:308.

Argynnis aphrodite, 4:186; 5:285;

7:219 7

atlantis, 4:136; 5:285; 7:219; 12:
308.
bellona, see Brenthis.
ceybele, 4:1386; 5:285.
myrina, see Brenthis.
species, 2:214.
Argyramoeba simson, 8:300.
Argyresthia andereggiella, 11:267.
Argyrolepia pomoriana, see Ypsolo-
phus pometellus.

sylvaticana, see Ypsolophus
pometeilus.
Argyromiges pseudacaciella, see

Lithocolletis robiniella.
argyrospila, Cacoecia (syn. Tortrix
furvana),, 13329; 5:3245 ff -s0G240.
374; 10:483; 11:266.
Arhopalus speciosus, see Plagiono-
tus.

Aricia fusciceps, see Phorbia.
Arkansas agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 10:478.
Arma grandis, see Podisus cynicus.

spinosa, see Podisus.
armata, Aphorura (syn. Lipura
fimetaria), 2:208-10; 6:173; '7:374;
11 :253;. 14:320", 324+, 342°.
armatus, Urosigalphus, 12:271.
armicollis, Magdalis, 12:246.
armiger, Heliothis, see Heliothis
armiger.
Army worm, abstracts of Fitch’s
papers on, 1:312, 313, 314;
bibliography, 12:190-94; coun-
ties injured by, 12:195; de-
scription of the various
stages, 12:200-2; distribution,
12:199-200; eggs of, 6:176;
figures, 12, plates II, III and
IV. fig. 2; food habits; af2:
205-6; general notice, 2:42-44;
life history and habits, 12:
202-5, 206-7; natural control-
ling agents, 12:208-11; para-
sites, 1:146; preventives and
remedies, 1:33, 53, 58; 8:265;
9:443; 12:211-14; ravages in
New York state, 12:194-98,
199, 309, 310; ravages. in
other states, 12:198-99; refer-
ences, 1:127, 128, 131-82, 133,

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

135, 147, 226; 4:139, 163; 6:
179-80; '7:373, 876; 10:490; 11:
11 OOS, OOo, p00 e Le
Sa27, sos; 14:316°, 320%, 3227,
g25%,.10-, B69 , B05, Oa, a0,
394, 397’, 399°.
fall £:3283-1.1 265.
wheat head, 14:379°, 399°.
““ Army worm” (Sciara species), 5:
264; 10:388, 389, 390.
.* (Crambus), 14:327°, 327°.
Arphia sulphurea, 9:330.
arquata, Carynota, see Vanduzea.
Vanduzea (syn. Carynota), 9:
388, 410.
arsace, Thecla, see Incisalia irus.
Arsenical spray, fatal to bees on

potatoes, 11:118; not injuring ani- |

mals, feeding under.
trees, 14:397?;
spraying of fruit trees in
blossom; 12:357; apple pests to
be combated at this time, 11:120-
. 22; blighting of blossoms, 11:119;
honey bees killed, 11:117-18, 122-
24; 14:395°; legislation against,
11:119; Prof. Cook’s experiments,
11:118; Prof. Webster’s experi-
‘ments, 11:117-18, 122; satisfac-
tory examinations, 11:118;
- urgency of, 11:120.
Artace punctistriga, 8:287; 14:373°.
arthemis, Basilarchia, (syn. Limeni-
Mayet clet sf 219; 10507511:
264; 14,:309°. .

Limenitis, see Basilarchia.
Arthemis butterfly, 11:264. —
arvalis, Smynthurus, 11:272. .
arvensis, Delphax, see Liburnia.

sprayed

Dolerus, 3:89; 4:197; 13:371';
14:348°.

Liburnia (syn. Delphax), 9:386,

- 410.

Asaphes decoloratus, 8:200.
Ascalaphidae, 11:240.
Ascalaphinae, U. S. species, 11:239.
Asealaphus hungaricus (syn. A.
macaronius), 11:239, 240.
insimulans, see Helicomitus,
longicornis, 11:239, 240, 241.
macaronius, see A. hungaricus.
macleayanus, 11:240.
species, 11:239, 240, 241.
Ascaris lumbricoides, 9:298.
asclepiadis, Aphis (syn. Siphono-
phora), 9:405, 411.
Siphonophora, see Aphis.
Asclepias, see Milkweed.
Asellus stygius, 9:348.
Ash, insects injurious to;
Dynastes tityus, 2:227; 5:230,
pee t oot 9-342.
Fall web worm, 1:306.

AIS

Ash, inseets injurious to;
Halisidota caryae, 7:355.
Heraclides cresphontes

Papilio), 9:337.
Hylesinus opaculus, 4:144.
Leptocoris trivittatus, 4:157;

10:438.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.
Podosesia syringae, 9:338.
Xyloryectes satyrus, 7:251.
black, Dynastes tityus injuring,
eee
mountain, see Mountain ash.
prickly, see Prickly ash.
water, see Ash, black.

Ashmead, W. H., cited, 4:42; 9:317;
£1197, 134; 123192: -auoted:; 1:
136-37; referred to, 11:131; Orange
insects cited, 2:203; 11:241, 248.

Ashmolean society, Proceedings
netted ye tok

Ashton, T. B., cited, 2:203;
quoted, 2:204.

Asilidae, 1:319; 11:117.
Asopia costalis, see Pyralis.
farinalis, see Pyralis.
asparagi, Crioceris, see Asparagus

beetle.

Asparagus, insects injurious to;
Bibio albipennis, 2:113.
Crioceris asparagi, 3:146; 6:167,

T7193) 73355 *S2250;- 92342.
343; 10:517; 12 :249, 251-52.
12-punctata, 10:517; 12:
249, 250.
Leucania unipuncta, 12:206.
Mamestra picta, 5:209.

Asparagus beetle (Crioceris aspara-

gi), allied species, 1:243-44; 8:

250; bibliography, 1:259;-11:

177, 178; description, 1:241-

43; 8:250; destructiveness, 1:

9; distribution, 11:178-81; 12:

251, 252, 314, 315;.general ac-.

count, 1:239-46; 6:179; intro-

duction, -1°8..9_* 240. 3153 7:

335; 8:251; 9:342, 343; limita-

tion by life zones, 11:180,181;

natural history, 1:244-45; 8:

251-52; reference, 1:316, 322;

Sis odes: oLlo, 220 TO:

498, 517; 11:277, 286; 12:249,

250, 356, 357, 362; remedies,

1:59, 61, 245-46; 3:146; 8:252,

Qorekt Tot: 1S tolosoea ok,

344", 351°, 360', 383°, 3897, 395’,

399°; spread, 1:240-41; 4:203;

6:16, 179;. $25); 92343;
twelve spotted (Crioceris 12-

punctata), bibliography, 12:

248, 249; distribution, 12:251;

(syn.

5 :246;

416

distribution of C. asparagi,
12:251, 252; figure, 12:250; in-
sect described, 12:249, 250;
introduction, 12:251; life his-
tory and habits, 12:250, 251;
Monroe county invaded, 12:
249: reference, 1:244; 8:250;
10:517; remedies, 12:252. :
Aspidiotus ancylus, 11:218, 271, 275,

287; 14::3883.

aurantii, 1:60; 4:188.

camelliae, 11:271.

circularis, see Diaspis pyri.-

conchiformis, see Mytilaspis
pomorum.

forbesi, 11:271.

harrisii, see Chionaspis fur-
furus.

juglandis, see Mytilaspis pomo-
rum.

juglans-regiae, 11:271; 12:316.

NETH. Soc; O26.) Sls 6 3214;
11:203-4, 287; 14:3389°, 363%,
3697.

ostreaeformis, 11:271.
perniciosus, 1:332; 10:505, 518;
Tt :206-33.215. 20h 2olss ke:

aiG. “S06, “S01, aGa; 310 7o0e,
374’; 14:386°, 388°-89°, 3957,
aot. See also San José
seale.

pinifoliae, see Chionaspis.

pomorum, see Mytilaspis.

rapax, 11:271.

tenebricosus, 10:518; 11:221.
Aspidisca splendoriferella, 1:166,

B03 S285. 11 159; 261; 443i.
Aspilates coloraria, see Catopyrrha.
Aspinwall, John, insects from, 6:

189.

Aspinwall, W. F., insects from, 11:
287.
assimilis, Ceutorhynchus, 1:195.
Mamestra, 1:328; 11:265.
Association of economic entomolo-
gists, 11:103, 181, 189; 14:306%.
Aster, insects injurious to:
Aphis middletonii, 9:371, 441;
10:501; 14:375°, 385°.

cut worms, 8:236.

Epicauta pennsylvanica, 6:135;
9:468; 10:496; 11:286.

Hydroecia nitela (syn.
tyna),, 2411228391:

Mamestra picta, 5:209.

China, insects injurious to;

Epicauta pennsylvaniea, 11:

281; 14:390*.

Lygus pratensis, 14:353°, 353°.
asterias, Papilio, see P. polyxenes.
asteroides, Cucullia, 9:455; 10:482;

14:313*.

Gor-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Asterolecanium quercicola, 10:519.
astyanax, Basilarchia (Syn. Limeni-
tis ursula), 1:327; 11:264.
atalanta, Pyrameis, see Vanessa.
Vanessa (syn. Pyrameis), 2:39;
4:137; 5:285; 9:454; 12:308.
atalantae, Microgaster, see Apan-
teles congregatus, var.
aterrima, Paria, see Typophorus
canellus.
Phora, 10:405.
Athysanus abietis, see Bythoscopus.
variabiilis. :
curtisii (syn. Amblycephalus),
9:401, 410.
fagi, see Bythoscopus.
fenestratus, see Bythoscopus..
minor, see Bythoscopus.
nigrinasi, see Bythoscopus.
variabilis, see Bythoscopus.
Atkinson, G. F., cited, 4:103; 5:227.
atlanis, Caloptenus, see Melanoplus.
Melanoplus (syn. Caloptenus),

1:382;. - 2:196; -G:1 Sts S-16e2
9:3382; 10:440, 441, 448, 496;
1A 271 14381: ;
atlantis, Argynnis, 4:137; 5:285;
7:219; 12:308.

atomarius, Bruchus, 7:268, 282, 284.
atomus, Crypturgus, see C. pusillus.
atra, Clastoptera, 9:394.
atramentaria, Pollenia, of Europe,
9:3138.
atrata, Anomala, see A, lucicola.
Cantharis, see Epicauta penn-

sylvanica.

Lytta, see Epicauta pennsyl-
vanica.

Melolontha, see Anomala luci-
cola.

Rhyssa, see Thalessa,
Tachina, 7:364; 11:285.
Thalessa (syn. Rhyssa), 2:227,
230; 4:37, 40, 41; 5:305; 9:454;
10:509; 11:279, 284; 13:367°,
atl®s 14:332°, Bao, oo) ieee
at.
atratus, Chermes,
bius. a
Tabanus, 7:364; 11:285; 13:372*;
14:366°.
atrifasciata, Homohadena, see On-
cocnemis.
Oncocnemis (syn. Homohadena),.
5 :285.
Atropos divinatoria (syn. Liposcelis.
museorum, Termes, Troctes,
T. fatidicus), 1:65, 161; 2:198
202; 3:139; 14:342°.
pulsatorius, see Clothilla pulsa-

see C. strobilo-

toria.
Attacinae, 1:340; 6:184; 14:3307.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Attacus. cecropia, see Samia.
imperialis, see Basilona.
promethea, see Callosamia.

Attagenus dichrous, see A. piceus.
megatoma, see A. piceus.
pellio, 2:47, 188.

Piceus (syn. A. dichrous, A.
megatoma, A. rufipennis, A.
spurcus), 1:64; 2:46-48,° 138,
P2659 6120; MASSs 7311 ,. 382;
9:299-306; 10:498; 11:276; 14:
SV BEV AN evo ian Lake ols

rufipennis, see A. piceus.

spurcus, see A. piceus.

Attalus scinecetus, 11:267.

Attid spider, 10:430.

Attidae, 10:430.

Atwater, W. O., cited, 12:254.

Atymna castaneae (Syn. Smilia), 9:

389, 410.

inornata (syn. Smilia, Cyrtolo-
bus), 1:284: 9:388.

. querci (syn. Smilia), 9:389, 410.

Augochlora species, 9:461.

Aulacaspis rosae (Syn. Diaspis), 7:

384.

Aulacizes moliipes, see Diedro-
cephala.
noveboracensis, see Diedro-
cephala.

Aulacomerus ebenus, 4:46:

lutescens, see. Trichiccampus

viminalis.

aurantii, Aspidiotus, 1:60; 4:188.

aurata, Cetonia, 1:237.

auratus, Chrysochus, 4:142; 14:3507,
357°.

aurichalcea, Cassida, see Coptocycla

bicolor.

Coptocycla, see C. bicolor.
auricularia, Forficula, 11:272.
auriculata, Smilia, see Archasia

galeata.

auripilis, Limonius, 7:351.

ausonius, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.

Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 9:

449; 14:3068, 3117.

Austin, E P., Supplement to check
list of the Coleoptera of America
north of Mexico cited, 1:233, 254;
2:142.

australasiae, Periplaneta, 12:363.

Automeris io (syn. Hyperechiria, H.
Varia), 1:72, 328; 4:206;, 5:186:
6:187; 9:450, 453; 10:481; 11:265;
14:312*.

Avena fatua, Nectarophora granaria
(Syn. Siphonophora avenae) on,
eae.

avenae, Aphidius, of Europe, 5:253.

Aphis, see Nectarophora grana-

PIA

417

avenae, Siphonophora, see Nectaro-
phora granaria.

avenaphis, Praon, 5:253.

Avery, T. G., insects from, 9:463.

avicularia, Ornithomyia, 1:299.

avium, Dermanyssus, 1:62; 3:129;
5:290.

Ayres, IK. J., reference, 13:354+*.

Azalea, Aramigus fulleri on, 2:148.

Babcock, W. J., insects from, 4:206.
Backus, A. L., & Sons, insects from,
Bola
Bacon, smoked, Piophila casei in-
festing, 12:238.
Bacon beetle, 5:302, 313; 6:119-28;
8:279; 14:338', 353°, 369°.
badicollis, Agrotis, see Semiophora
elimata var.
badistriga, Homohadena, 7:375; 14:
Sone
Bag worm, classification, 1:83-84;
distribution, 1:84; food plants,
1:84; 4:21; 7:306; general ac-
count, 1:81-87; 4:203-4; 5:321;
10:494; habits, 1:81-83; parasites,
1:84-86; reference, 1:328; 2:74;
9:440; 10:509; 11:265; 14:3267, .
335°, 341°, 351°, 3748, 380°; reme-
dies, 1:33, 57, 87; Townsend’s 11.
264.
Bailey, J. S., insects from, 12:360.
baja, Agrotis, see Noctua.
_ Noctua (syn. Agrotis), 1:8, 340;
Onset.
bajulus, Hylotrupes, 4:20, 23.
Baker, C. F., cited, 11:242; 13:353°.
See also Gillette and Baker.
Balaninus caryatrypes, see B. pro-
boscideus.
obtusus, 12:271.
proboscideus (syn. B. earya-
trypes), bibliography, 12:267-
68; characteristics of the
genus, 12:269; extent of in-
juries, 12:269; life history of
the two species, 12:270-71:
reference, 7:383; 10:501, 517;
14:384°, 3997; remedies and
preventives, 12:271-72; two
species attacking chestnuts,
12:269-70; value of crop af-
fected, 12:268-69. :
rectus 12:267-72; 14:3997.
also B. proboscideus.
uniformis, 12:268.
balanus, Merodon, see Mallota pos-
ticata.
Balderston,
4:205.
Ball, D. K., insects from, 10:510.
Ballard, H. H., insects from, 7:38;
11:288.

See

J. L.,: insects from,

418

Ballard, Mrs J.. P., insects from,
3:140; 12:184.
balluca, Plusia, 9:456; 10:376; 12:
308; 14:3137.
Balm of Gilead, insects
to;
Crepidodera helxines, 4:102.
Mytilaspis pomorum, 138:374*.
Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:76.
Balsa malana (syn. Nolophana), 1:
328; 11:265; 12:312, 356; 14395’.
Balsam, insects injurious to;
bark boring beetles, 2:53, 54, 9:

injurious

440.
Cecidomyia balsamicola, 4:60;
9:440.

cut worms, 8:236.
Dendroctonus, 2:55.
Geometrid larvae, 5:260.
Notolophus leucostigma
Orgyia), 2:77.

Tomicus, 2:55.

southern, Cecidomyia balsamicola
on, 7:307.

Balsam Cecidomyia, 9:440; 14:374°,

Balsam fir, bark boring beetles in,
2:54.

balsameus, Tomicus (syn. Tomicus
species), 2:54.

balsamicola, Cecidomyia, 4:60-68;
7:307; 9:440; 14:808*, 357", 374%.

balteatus, Cerasphorus, see Chion
garganicus.

Baltimore oriole feeding on army
worm, 12:209.

Bamboo, Dinodorus bifoveolatus in,
11:286.

Banchus fugitivus,
fugitiva.

Banks, Nathan, Synopsis catalogue
and bibliography of the nexurop-
teroid insects of temperate North
America cited, 8:155, 160; 11:234,
241; 12:298; (also cited as Trans,
Amer. Ent. Soc. v. 19, 1892): notes
by, 11:2388; referred to, 11:105;
12:285, 299.

Banks, R. L., insects from, 9:464;
102516) LSssrt3

barbata, Cetonia, see Huphoria inda.

Barberry aphis, 1:296; 9:405.

barda, Mallota, see M. posticata.

Milesia, see Mallota posticata.
Merodon, see Mallota posticata.

Baridius trinotatus, see Trichobaris
trinotata.

Bark beetle, 1:11; 4:185; 6:129; 14:
3327; wood engraver, 11:270.

Bark borers, 2:53-55; 5:300 5 9:365,
367; 12:244, 353°.

Bark lice, Anthribus variegatus
(syn. A. varius) feeding on, 1:259;

(syn.

see Limneria

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

2:53; life history of. species. 4:
116-18; parasites, 1:61, 160; pro-
lificacy,4:115; reference, 1:11,302;
2:184; 8:274, 293; 9:440, 447; 11:
200; 14:311°; remedies, 2:25, 232;.
4:118-20; 8:279; species . treated,
4:114-20; spread, 4:185.

Bark louse, oyster shell, 1:8; 4:116;

9:378;. 14F:201-27 44.3164

scurfy, 1:331; 4:208; 5:326; 9:
440; 10:518; 11:202-3, 271,277,
288; 13:368', - 3749; 14:373;
SOO Ooh Ps

Barker, T. C., insects from, 5:3263
$:299; 17516557162.
Barley, insects injurious to;
| Agrotis segetum, 8:235.
LriLiCi S-235e. =

Blissus leucopterus, 2:157.

Calandra granaria, 1:304.

Cephus pygmaeus, 6:334.

Chelymorpha argus, 4:14; 14;
350°.

Isosoma hordei (syn. Eury-

toma fulvipes, Ptero-
malus), 1:304, 307; 4:29.

tritici (syn. Pteromalus), 1:
30T.

Leucania albilinea, 12:310.

unipuncta, 12:206, 309. _

Merisus fulvipes (syn. Ptero-
malus), 1:307.

Nectarcphora -granaria (syn.
Siphonophora avenae), 2:225;
314: 5e247, ly

Oscinis frit, European, 1:225.

glabra, European, 1:225.
pumilionis, Eurepean, 1:
D2, :
Sitotroga cerealella, 2:106.
Barlow, J. G., cited, 7:297.
Barnacle scale, 11:271, 287.
Barnard, W. S., cited, 1:15 tates.
184; 8:160; 9:317; 12:254.
Barnes, W- D., insects from, 5:326.
Barrett, G. ~C.,_ cited, it.
quoted, 11:149.
Barrows, W. D.,
Biers
Barry, P., insects from, 3:141;7 5:
324, 326.
Barry, W. C., insects from,. '7:38%,
884; 10:518; 11:205.
basalis, Oberea, see O. bimaculata.
Basilarchia archippus (syn. Limen-
itis disippus), 1:327; 2:220; 4:
137; 10:507; 11:264; 14,:309°.

arthemis (syn. Limenitis), 4:
137; 7:219; 10:507; 11:264;
14,:309°.

astyanax (syn. Limenitis ur-
sulayk 23272 11-268

insects from, 138:

ee Le eee

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

-pasilare, Sinoxylon, 1:330; 2:127,
130; 11:268.

-. basilaris, Erythroneura, see Typhlo-

ecyba comes var.

Basilona imperialis (syn. Cerato-
ecampa, Citheronia, Dryocampa,
Hacles), 2:232; 4:20, 21; 5:324;
9:447, 462; 10:481; 12:360; 18:
342°-51°; 14:310", 312*, 334°, 400+.

Basket worm, see Bag worm.

Bassett, H. F., insects from, 7:383;

9-461, 463.

bassettella, Euclemensia, 12:317,
363.

Bassus scutellaris, 12:211.
Batchelor, Daniel, insects from,
8:298.

Batrachedra_ salicipomonella, 12:
860.

Baudi, Flaminio, eat 2:136; '7:280,
285.

Bayer, J. W., mencis from, 12:368.

Bayley, E., insects from, 10:516.

Bdellidae, 5:290.

Beach, S. A, cited, 11:206.

Beal’s Grasses of North

cited, 11:146, 152.
Bean, TH. cited, 4:57; '? :225.
Bean weevil, 2:49, 228; 6:172, 178,

185; 7:217,. 255-79, 367; 9:421,
440; 10:382; 11:276, 286; 14:
B21, ao0', 330°, o60', 368", 3T4,
388°.

European, 7:279-85; 8:300; 9:
440; 14:374°.

Beans, insects, etc., injurious to;
army worm, 12:206. :
Bruchus obtectus (syn. B. ob-
= soletus), 2:49; 6:172, 185;

@:217, 257; 8:298; 9:440,
463; 10:511.
rufimanus, 7:280; 8:299; 9:
440,
Cantharis nuttalli (syn. Lytta),
8 :294.
cut worms, 2:28.
Diabrotica vittata, 9:364.
Epicauta cinerea, 8:294.
Heliothis armiger, 1:120.
Julus, 1:307.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229; 2:14.
Phytonomus punctatus, 2:14.
Phorbia fusciceps (syn. Anthom-
yia angustifrons), 4:179.
Systena taeniata (syn. S.
blanda), 9:344.
Tetranychus telarius, 4:288;
5 :288.
eastor, Hydroecia nitela
Gortyna), on; 8:191

Beckwith, M. H., cited, 4:207; 10:

378; 11:238; 12:254.

America

(Syn.

419

Bed bug, 1:36, 62, 74, 79; 2:16, 152;
412. or1s3a3> LO 4ASas 1 £112
12:323; 13:374°; 14:314+.

big [Conorhinus], 4:111.

Bedel, Louis, cited, 4:104. °

Bee, honey, 11:117-24.~
Bees.

Bee keeper’s magazine cited,
14:353°.

Bee parasites, 1:79.

Bee slayer, 3:107, 110; 4:204; 7:371;

rete Wea ba ere ae We Se

Beech, insects injurious to;

Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.
Datana integerrima, 12:309.
Feniseca tarquinius, 3:125.
Incurvaria acerifoliella, 5:218.
Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.
Pemphigus imbricator (syn.
Schizoneura), 3:123, 124, 142,
152, 153; 12:355, 363; 14:394°.
Phloeotribus liminaris, 4:204.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:1438.
Tremex columba, 4:38.

Beech aphis, 2:181.

Beech tree blight, 4:204; 12:355;
14:346°, 352*, 894°.

Beech tree borer, 14:3615.

Bees, 1:40, 69, 74, 78,- 168, 212;
4.:190; '7:290, 371; 10:497; 11:1038;
13:369; 14:319°; honey dew food
for, 14:348°; killed by arsenical
spray on blossoms, 14:381'; by
bordeaux mixture in blossoms,
LE232

Beet leaf miners, 14:335%, 338°, 372'.

Beets, insects injurious to:

Anthomyians, 1:183, 203; 2:46;
ASSIA Olt? B28. Le ool.
14:372'.

cut worms, 8:236.

Disonycha triangularis,

Epicauta cinerea, 12:354.

Vittata, 6:132, 1383; 127354.
leaf miners, 1:183, 203-11; 2:

See also

5 :302;

7 :383.

46, 225; 3:85; 5:314; 8:285;
9:375
Lygus pratensis, 8:285; 9:375;
13352) B00, L43%2':
Mamestra .picta, 2:1; 4:209;
5 :209.

Otiorhynchus singularis (syn.
O. picipes), 10:419.
suleatus, 10:419.
Pegomyia betae (syn. Antho-
myia), 1:206.
betarum (syn. Chortophila),
1:208; 3:85.
vicina, 1:209; 3:85.
Phorbia brassicae (syn. P. floc-
cosa), 1:207; 2:225.
Phyllotreta vittata, 9:375.

420

Beets, inseets injurius to;
Systena taeniata

blanda), 9:344, 375.

behrensii, Nadata, see N. gibbosa.

Belknap, C. G., insects from, 5:325.

Bell, J. T., cited, 12:238'; 18:347'.

Bellamira scalaris (syn. Leptura),
5 :285.

- Bellevoye, M., cited, 11:109.

bellona, Argynnis, see Brenthis.

Brenthis (syn. Argynnis), 4:137;
biZ8p.

bellus, Phytocoris; see Poecilocap:
sus lineatus.

Belostoma americanum, 3:141; 4:
145, 208; 6:189; 7:383; 8:299; 10:
512, 517; 14:357°.

Belvoisia unifasciata (syn. Exorista
flavicauda), 12:190, 210.

Bembecia marginata (syn. ‘Tro-
chilium), 3:145; 9:450; 14:344*.

Bembidium quadrimaculatum, 3:98-
100, 140, 146; 14:3447, 352%,

Bemis, W. L., studies of Bombus
and Psithyrus, 11:104.

Benacus griseus, 7:383; 11:287.

bennetii, Agdistis, 12:221.

Bennett, A. W., cited, 11:248.

Bentley, W. H., insects from, 10:
511.

berberidis, Aphis, see Rhopalosi-
phum.
Rhopalosiphum (syn. Aphis),
9:405, 411, 412.

Berlin Entomologischer Zeitschrift

cited, 1:216.

Berytidae, 4:156.

Bessey, C. E., cited, 2:168.

betae, Anthomyia, see Pegomyia.
Chortophila, see Pegomyia.
Pegomyia (syn. Anthomyia, A.

suleans, Chortophila), 1:204,
206, 207.
betarum, Chortophila, see Pego-
myia.,
Pegomyia (syn. Chortophila),
1220877385; > ooze.) 24-308),
3416.

Bethune, C. J. S., cited, 1:178; 227,

264; 2:69, 89, 102, 149; 4:28, 57;

5:246; '7:256; 10:405, 454; 11:109,
248; 12:192.
bethunei, Xylina, 1:328, 341; 11:265;
12:360.
Betula, insects injurious to, 4:178.
Betula alba, see Birch, white.
lutea, see Birch, yellow.
pendula (var. valecardia) in-
fested by Cecidomyia betu-
lae, 11:162, 164.
betulae, Cecidomyia, 3:86, 141; 4:27,
206, 206; 11:5162-65; 123357; 14:
34387, 357°, 395°.

(syn. S.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

betulaecolens, Aphis, see Callip-

terus.

Callipterus (syn. Aphis), 9:406,
411, 412.

Beutenmiiller, William, cited, 9:300,
801, 307; 11:138, 140, 141,- 182;
13:344; reference, 13:350",

Bibio albipennis, 2:110-15; 4:174;

6:167, 174, 188; '7:369; 14:318*,
324", 342°, 359°. - |
femoratus, 6:180; 14:3287.
hortulanus, 2:112.
Bibionidae, 2:111.
bicarnea Agrotis, see Noctua.

Noctua (syn. Agrotis), 1:340;
10:377.

bicaudatus, Amphicerus (Syn.

Apate, Bostrichus), 1:312,

330; 2:125-32; 9:447; 11:268;

12:362; 14:311°, 342".
Apate, see Amphicerus.
Bostrichus, see Amphicerus.

bicolor, Anisota, see Sphingicampa,
Cebrio, 3:100-1; 7:371; 14:3197,

Bb2.

Coptocycla, see Coptocyela bi-
color.

Podura, see Tomocerus plum-
beus.

Sphingicampa (syn. Anisota),
7199. -

Trombidium, erroneous refer-
ence of Bryobia pratensis.
bicolorago, Orthosia, 10:482.

var. ferruginoides, Orthosia
(syn. O. ferruginoides), 8:291;
14::315".

bicornis, Bostrichus, 11:268.
bidens, Pentatoma, see Picromerus.
Picromerus (syn. Pentatoma),
4:1338.
“bifida, Tettigonia, 9:395.
bifidalis, Tortricodes, see Gaberasa
ambigualis.
bifoveolatus, Dinoderus, 11:286.
biguttatus, Pirates, see Rasahus.
Rasahus (syn. Pirates), 4:112,
133.
bilinearia, Endropia, 11:284.
bilineata, Hexagenia, 4:124.
bilineatum, Ophion, 4:205.
bilineatus, Stenobothrus,
phulella speciosa. .
Telephorus, 8:109, 173-74, 298;
10:497; 14:382’.
Bill bug, 1:260, 310.
bimaculata, Coccinella,
bipunctata.
Oberea (syn. O. basalis, O. per-
spicillata, O. tripunctata Sa-
perda, S. affinis), 1:57, 297;
4:47, 189, 207; 5:231-33; '7:369;

see Or-

see Adalia

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

9:457;- 11:170, 171,. 14:314°,
SES DOs.

Plusia, 10:376.

Saperda, see Oberea.

Thelia, 1:284; 9:392.
bimaculatus, Bombus, 11:104.
bimarginata, Haltica (syn. H. alni),

4:96-101; 5:170; 14:3577+.
binotata, Anomala, 10:413._
Enchenopa (syn. Hnchenophyl-
lum binotatum, Membracis,
Thelia), 1:281-88, 319; 4:208;:
6:177; 9:387, 410; 10:498, 512;
11:270.

Membracis, see Enchenopa.

Thelia, see Enchenopa.
binotatum, Enchophyllum, see En-

chenopa binotata.
Biological society of Washington,
Proceedings cited, 9:317. ;
bipunctata, Adalia (syn. Coccinella,
CG: _Lbimaculata), -2:2325 3:137,
148; 4:12, 194, 195; 6:117-19;
feat5, 9:306, 370;;12:298./ 13:
— 362°, 362°; 14,:3207, 334°, 347°,
367°.
Coccinella, see Adalia.
Birch, insects injurious to;
Aphis betulaecolens, 9:406.
Bucculatrix canadensisella, 8:
106, 133-40, 297.
Bythoscopus fenestratus, 9:400,
410.
minor, 9:400, 410.
- variabilis, 9:400, 410.
Cecidomyia betulae, 4:27, 206;
i Re162.5163:
Elaphidion villosum, 9:358-59.
Eutettix seminuda (syn. By-
thoscopus), 9:398.

Hylotoma pectoralis, 12:359.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.

Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.

Telephorus bilineatus, 8:109,

173-74.
white, insects injurious to;

Anisota senatoria, 5:197.

birch seed insect, 3:1438.

Cecidomyia betulae, 3:85, 86,

141; 4:206; 11:162, 1638.

Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.

yellow. Bucculatrix species on,

3:136, 140.

Birch leaf Bucculatrix, 10:497; 14:
8327.

Birch seed insect or midge, 11:162-
65; 12:357; 14::3437, 395°.

Berd ty, /1279.

Bird lice, 1:80; '7:384.

birdii, Empoasca, 11:270.

Birds carrying Gossyparia ulmi,
12:297; feeding on army worm,

421

12:209; insectivorous, 9:349-51;
12:212, 288; 14:383°, 369°.
Birge, H. A., cited, 11:240; quoted,
11 :238.
bisecta, Anisota, see Sphingicampa.
Sphingicampa (syn. Anisota), ~
599) 7314 30, S205
Bissell, J. C., insects from, 6:190.
Biston ursaria, see Lycia.
ypsilon, see Nacophora.
bistriaris, Parallelia, 10:482.
bitaeniata, Systena, see S. taeniata.
Bittacus, 10:463, 464, 467, 474, 477,
A478.
apterus, 10:474, 478.
italicus, 10:477.
pilicornis, 10:476.
strigosus, 10:473-80;
14.:393*.
Bittersweet, insects injurious to;
Coptocyela bicolor (syn. C.
aurichalcea), 6:125.
clavata, 6:126.
Enchenopa binotata, 1:281, 286.
Nectarophora species, 10:512.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
bivittata, Cassida, 6:127.
Saperda, see S. candida.
bivittatus, Melanoplus, 11:272.
Xyloterus, see X. lineatus.
bivulnerus, Chilocorus, 2:186; 5:267,
300; 10:501; 12:361; 14:385?.
Black, J. F., insects from, 3:140.
Black corsair, 4:109-11; 14:3391.
Black fly, 1:74; 2:112; 3:148; 5:283,
314; 11:106; 12:307, 320.
Black Knot (Plowrightia), 1:308; 4:
185; 5:280-81, 320; 14:341°.
Black rot, 4:185.
Black scale of California,
ht.
Black-worm, 1:312; 2:43; 4:163.
Blackberry, insects injurious to;
Agrilus ruficollis, 6:124; 10:407.
Anomala marginata, 10:411.
Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus,
4:86. ;
Lepyronia quadrangularis (syn.
Aphrophora), 5:245.
Lygus pratensis, 18:352’.
Macrodactylus subspinosus.
(rose bug), 4:199; 9:420.
Sciara fulvicauda, 12:227, 361.
Tischeria malifoliella, 11:162.
Blackbird feeding on army worm,
12:209.
red winged, 2:189.
Blair, Mrs John, insects from, 4:
205. : :
Blanchard,, F’.,: cited, 12-268.
blanda, Systena, see S. taeniata,
Blanket flower (Gaillardia), Thrips
tabaci on, 11:245.

12:352;

1:332;

422

Blatchley, W. S., cited, 9:330; 12:
265 Saves
Blatner, J. H., insects from, 6:190.
Blepharida rhois, 5:271.
Bleptina species, 4:206.
Bline, Jasper, insects from, 10:518,
Blissus leucopterus (syn. Lygaeus,
Micropus, Rhyparochromus, R.
devastator), bibliography, 2:148-
49; description, 2:150-51; dimor-
phic form, 2:155-56; estimated
loss caused by, 1:7; 2:156-67; gen-
eral account, 2:148-64; hiberation,
11:199; history, 2:151-52; injuries,
2:4, 156-57; life history, 2:153-54;
operations in N. Y., 2:157-60; 7:
331-32: 1198s 1229155-2S2361':
reference, F817. 302; 2-166; "232,
2ae3 5:347;. 12:357; 132369, 374:
14.:3348, 339°, 342°, 395°, 398°, 4007;
remedies, 1:58; 2:160-63; 11:199.
Blister beetles, attacking beans, 8:
294; attacking Clematis flam-
mula, 4:201; attacking. pota-
toes, 5:321; 7:376-77; 8:290-
91, 294; injuring beets, 12:
- 354; reference, 6:119, 14:315?,
317*, 3508; remedies, 1:57; 3:
Beams
ash-sray, £:32) 57 3al; -5:305;
6:135; 8:302; 9:466; 10:449-60,
ple 142697 272) 258 be colo.
362; 14:3288, 354°, 399°.
Dideka 13305-72522 1-- 6135, te
9:443; 10:496; 11:281;14:332’,
SOLU e SS ato, ook, 9 Sou.
MALS INE Bos. D1, Gslot: wat
354; 14:367°, 394°;
Say’s, 14.:368';
striped, 1:33, 40, 57. 300, 322;
6:132-34, 176; 7:376; 12:354;
14:322*, 326', 367°, 394.
Blodgett, J. E., insects from, 4:207.
Blood-sucking cone-nose, 4:111.
Bloomfield, E. N., cited, 8:141.

Blue-jay feeding on army worm,
12:209.
Blue joint grass Sphenophorus

sculptilis on, 1:259.
Blueberry insects injurious to;
Clastoptera obtusa, 5:245; 8:
LS:
proteus, 8:153.
Thecla liparops (syn. T.
gosa), 4:187.
Bluebird, 2:8.
Boardman, D. L., insects from, 3:-
142.
Boarmia, 1:72.
crepuscularia, see Cleora.
pampinaria, see Cleora.
plumigeraria, see Coniodes.

stri-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Bobolink feeding on army worm,
12:209.
Body lice, 1:79.
Boheman, C. H., cited, 7:279, 285.
Boisduval, J. A., cited, 1:172; 5:179,
180, 198, 200; Genera et index
methodicus Europaeorum Lepidop-
terorum cited, 5:210; Histoire
naturelle des insectes. Species gén-
éral des Lépidoptéres cited, 5:1T4,
180.
Boletina species, 10:392.
boletivorus, Achorutes,
turus.
Schoturus (syn. Achorutes), 2:-
206

see Scho-

Bolitophila cinerea, 10:392.
disjuncta, 10:392.
fusea, 10:392.
Boll worm, 1:8, 38, 40, 117, 120, 125,
126; 7 216; 2683 2439073
Bollman, C. H., cited, 4:128.
Bombarding beetle, 6:170; 14:
Bowe: :
Bombus, 11:104. |
affinis, 11:104.
bimaculatus, 11:104.
borealis, 11:104.
consimilis, 11:104.
fervidus, 3:140.
pennsylvanicus, 9:461; 11:284.
ridingsii, 11: 104.
' species 9:461.
ternarius, 11:104. -
terricola, 11:104.
“vagans, 11:104.
virginianus, 3:140.
Bombycid moth, 9:426, 448.
Bombycidae, breeding of, 1:340;
eaterpillars of, carnivorus, 1:119;
dates of collection (abstract), 9:
453; delayed pupation of, 1:137;,
depredating on apple tree, list of,
1:328; 11:264; Limneria parasitic
on, 3:91, 150; molting of, 1:98; 2:
74; notes on N. Y. species, 9:455,

456; reference, 11:106; 14:330°;
sexual features of, 2:218, 214;
species listed; 10:481; species

treated, 1:81-99; 2:68; 4:48-54; 5:
183-200; '7:225, 302, 304, 306; 10:
369-72; 13:242°-51°; study and
illustration of, 4:164; 5:317; urti-
eating hairs of larvae, 4:52; wide
range of food plants, 2:76-77.
bombycis, Micrococcus, 2:40.
Bombylidae, 1:182; 2:45; 4:175; 10:
360; 377; 12:308, 338s (LL 10n:
Bombyliomyia abrupta (syn. Hy-
stricia, H. vivida, Tachina vivida).
8:297; 9:462.
Bombylius, 2:223.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Bombyx, 1:85.
didyma, see Basilona imperialis.
grata, see Huthisanotia.
bonassi, Hypoderma, see H. lineata.
Boneset, insects injurious to;
Cicada septendecim, 2:176.
Sitodrepa panicea, 4:92.

- pbonnetii, Anotia, 9:387.

Book louse, 1:298, 316.

Boophilus bovis (syn. Ixodes), 6:
156-68; 9:458; 13:375*; 14:314°,

6868.

Boots and shoes weekly cited, 4:197,
198; 14:348', 349".

borealis, Bombus, 11:104.

Bee eemird, 11at: 7:30; 9:456; 14:

eugene ke
Coccinella, see Epilachna.
Dibolia (syn. D. aerea), 10:414-
16, 5115 -12:352; . £4:393%*.
Epilachna, see Epilachna bore-
alis.
Gryllotalpa, 2:2338;
10:519; 12:368; 14:335',
boreata, Operophtera, 11:266. |

Borer, long horned, ei

Boreus, 2:236-37; 10:477
brumalis, 1:298; 2: 338: 14: 343°.
hyemalis, 2:235- 36.
nivoriundus, 1:298; 2:237-38;

343°.

Bos, J. Ritzema, Tierische schddlinge
und nitelinge cited, '7:280, 285; 8:
141; 11:241, 242, 250; 12:280.

Boston cultivator cited, 1:227.

Boston herald cited, 4:202; 14:351'.

Boston journal cited, .9:300.

Boston journal of natural history
cited, 2:136, 188; 11:109; 12:264;
13:335°; quoted, 11:110.

Boston society of natural history,
Proceedings cited, 2:186, 139, 168;
5:201; 9:300; 10:404; 12:298;
ES-3a0°: 2

Bositrichinae, 2:132.

Bostrichus bicaudatus, see Amphi-

cerus.
- bicornis, 11:268.
typographus, see Tomicus.

Bot-flies, 1:299.

Bot-fly of the hare, 7:367; 14:368°.

Bothwell, Herbert, insects from,
10:512.

Botis acutella, see Phlyctaenia.
adipaloides, see Pyrausta.
erectalis, see Pyrausta futilalis.
ferrugalis, see Phlyctaenia.
mar culenta, see Loxostege oblit-

eralis. —~
reversalis, see Mecyna.
theseusalis, see Pyrausta.
unifascialis, see Pyrausta.

botrana Eudemis, 2:33.

6:149-51;
3687.

14;

rn

423

Botrytis bassiana, a fungus, 2:1793.
silkworm destroyed by, 2:179.

Botys, 1:138. :
futilalis, see Pyrausta.

Bouché, P. F., cited, 4:114; Natur-
geschichte der Insecten cited, 1:172,
184.

boucheanus, Dibrachys (syn. Semio-
tellus clisiocampae), 6:186.

bovinus, Tabanus, 4:199; 6:115.

bovis, Boophilus (syn. Ixodes), 6:

156-68; 9:458; 13:375'; 14:314°,
368".
Hypoderma, erroneous
ence of H. lineata.
Hypoderma (syn. Oestrus), of
Europe, 6:111-14; 13:364°; 14:
3615, 396°.

Ixodes, see Boophilus.

Oestrus, see Hypoderma.

bovistae, Phora, 10:408.

Bower, L., insects from, 11:284.
Bowers & Sands, insects from, 13:
374.
Bowles,

11:109.

Box, insects injurious to;

Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Psylla buxi, 2:18.

Box elder, insects injurious to;
Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155..
Leptocoris trivittatus, _4:156,.

157, 158, 193; 10:482, 436, 505.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:143.

Box elder plant bug, 4:156; 10:432-
Sor oOe, 0p) El 270. e283 S80 s
te 2 14 SaS oop aos 393%

Box turtle, warble fiy, 6:111.

Boyd, H. C., insects from, 4:205.

Brachinus fumans, 6:170; 14:361°.

Brachynemurus abdominalis, 11:

238.
nigrilabris, 11:238.
pumilus (syn. Myrmeleon),
238.
brachypterus, Aleochara, 1:188.
Brachytarsus limbatus, 2:141.
obsoletus, see B. variegatus.
sticticus, see B. variegatus.
variegatus Say (syn. Anthribus,.
B. obsoletus, B. sticticus), 2:
139-41; 14:342’.

varius, see ?Anthribus variega-
tus Fourcr.

Bracon species, 1:308; 12:2
vernoniae, 11:156.
Braconid parasite of Bucculatrix,.

1:161.

Braconidae, 5:177, 253.

Bradt, S. C., insects. from 4:208; 5:
824; 8:296; 11:285, 287; 13:378°,
374".

Brake, common, Lagoa crispata on,
4:52.

refer-

G. Je cited, E-216s 2297 =

ny

B09.

424

Bran, mites (Tyroglyphus siro) in,
6:170; 14:361".
Brass, W. C., insects from, 10:515.
Brassica nigra, see Mustard, wild.
brassicae, Anthomyia, see Phorbia.
; Aphis, 1:296; 6:147; 7:317, 372;
9:405, 412, 440; 10:495; 14:
319°, 3687,. 374°, 378, 381.
Phorbia (syn. Anthomyia, P.
floccosa, Chortophila fioccosa,
Musca floralis), 1:47, 171, 184-
91, 192, 193; 207, 208, 296, 322;
2:28, 225; 5:158, 225, 265, 319;
9:431; 10:486; 14:331', 335%,
335°, 3407, 349°, 3637, 377.
Piusia, see Plusia brassicae.
brassicella, Cerostoma, see Plutelia
cruciferarum.
Brauer, Friedrich,
11:240.
Bray. Anderson, insects from, 7:381.
Brazilian Mantis, 4:160.
bredowii var. californica, Hetero-
chroa (syn. H. ealifornica), 8:296.
Brenthis bellona (syn. Argynnis),
A137; 52285.
myrina (syn. Argynnis), 4:137.
Brephos: infans, 7:375; 14:321°.
breweri, Bruchus, see B. obtectus.
Brewster, G. W. H., on army worm,
12:196.
Briggs, A. H., insects from 6:188,
190.
Briggs, J. B., insects from, 8:297.
Brinkerhoff, Mrs E. C., insects
from, 9:468.
Bristle. tails, 1:79;-2:207;. 122252.
Bristly rose worm, 10:499.
British wheat midge, 1:9.
Britton, W. E., cited, 12:194.
brizo, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
336, S01. tf olos Leo
Brochymena annulata, 11:270.
carolinensis, 11:270.
Brodie, Dr, cited, 11:250.
Bromus mollis, see Chess, soft.
Brooklyn citizen cited, 4:128.
Brooklyn entomological society,
Bulletin cited, 2:57; 4:20. 35, 36,
151; 9:307; 12:268; 13:343"; Check
list of Macrolepidoptera of America
cited 13:3435.

cited, 10:477;

Brookmansia, Plusia dyaus on, 2: °

94.
Brooks, Jonas, insects from, 5:326;
6:189.
Brooks, M., on Cicada chambers,
10:516, 517, 518; 12:280-81.
Brooks, W. P., cited, 12:194.
brousii, Eristalis (syn. E. meigenii),
9:462.

‘
—————— eee ee

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Brown, A. L., insects from, 6:188.
Brown, E. C., & Co., insects from,
10-501
Brown, Mrs J. C.,
324; 9:461.
Brown, M. L., insects from, 18:375°.
Bruchidae, 7 :255-88.
Bruchophagus species,
359.
Bruchus affinis Froelich (syn. B.
flavimanus Bohem.), 7:268,
2.82, 284.
affinis of Europe, 7:284.
atomarius, 7:268, 282, 284.
breweri, see B. obtectus.
chinensis (syn. B. scutellaris),
6:127; 7282: 383; 220370 eee
392: 14:31 230i
fabae, see B. obtectus.
fabi, see B. obtectus.
fiavimanus Bohem., see B. afii-
nis Froelich.
granaria Pack., see B. obtectus.
granarius Linn., see B. rufima-
nus Bohem.
irresectus, see B. obtectus.
lentis, 7:285-88; 9:440; 14:374°.
minus, 7 :285.
obscurus (a probable error for
obtectus).
obsoletus, see B. obtectus.
obtectus (syn. B. breweri, B.
fabae, B. fabi, B. granaria
Pack., B. irresectus, B. ob-
soletus, B. pallidipes, B.
subellipticus, B. varicornis),
2:49, 228: 6:178,. 185; o¥e2eee
255-79, 267, 383; 8:298; 9:440,
463; -10:382, 511; 11:2865,22:
362; 14:3277,. 330',. 3a5menoee
3TA°.
pallidipes, see B. obtectus.
phaseoli, 7 :263.
pisi, see B. pisorum.
pisorum (syn. B. pisi), 6:127,
128; 7:256, 263, 268, 280, 286;

insects from, 5:

4 2825. ee

9:439; 12:35); .14,:35a. eae
3945.
rufimanus Bohem. (syn. B.
granarius Linn.), 6:128; .7:
263, 267, 268, 279-85, 286,
383; 8:299; 9:440; 14:374°.
rufimanus WSchon., erroneous

reference of B. lentis.
scutellaris, see B. chinensis.
seminarius, 7:283, 284. °
subarmatus, erroneous’ refer-

ence of B. obtectus.
subellipticus, see B. obtectus.
varicornis, see B. obtectus.

brumalis, Boreus, 1:298; 2:238; 14:
343°.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

brumalis, Trichocera, 1:298;
14:343°.
brumosa, Acronycta, 11:265.
Bruner, Lawrence, cited, 2:188; 10:
oie, Soa, LLAS82" 263; 12:192) 218,
254; 13:3537; Insect enemies of the
apple tree and its fruit cited, 11:
250, 263; Insect enemies of small
grains cited, 11:250.
Brunetti, E., cited, 10:405.
Brunn, A. EH., cited, 11:160; quoted,
PEA161. 187.
brunnea, Colaspis, 1:321; 6:183.
Parandra, 11:268.
brunneicollis, Agrotis, see Rhynch-
agrotis.

Rhynchagrotis (syn. Agrotis),
7:35; 14:321)°,
brunneum, Orthosoma, 4:20, 22;

11 :268.
brunneus, Ptinus, 4:90, 92; 6:188.
- Bryobia pallida, see B. pratensis.
pratensis (syn. B._ pallida,
Trombidium bicolor in error),
2:224: 3:128-30; 6:158;, 159,
160, 161, 180; 7:321-24, 365;
9:440; 10:450, 486; 11:272,
PSS eel 3 (1 LABS 2 Bok’,
Bao , 501,000, o14, oll.
speciosa, 11:272. .
Brysocrypta hamamelidis, see Hor-
maphis.
rhois, see Pemphigus.
ulmicola, see Colopha.
bubalus, Ceresa, 1:284, 315, 318, 331;
4:146, 147, 208; 7:360; 8:294; 9:
Son ad O70: L431, S57’, 365".
buceata, Cuterebra, 2:46.
buecculatricis Eneyrtus, 1:160.
Bucculatrix ambrosiaefoliella, 1:
344; 8:106, 138.
canadensisella, 3:136, 140; 8:
106, 133-40, 297;.10:369, 497;
14:382?.
pomifoliella (syn. B. pomo-
nella); distribution, 1:158-59;
5:261; 7:354; 8:123; general
account, 1:157-58; 5:260-62;
life history, 1:157-58; 5:260-
61; parasites, 1:159-61; 8:123;
10:369; Psocus bred from, 1:
161-62; reference, 1:166, 330,
344; 2:224; 6:174, 187; 7:216,
309, 368, 382; 8:1385, 136, 137,
218, 281, 283; 9:445; 10:510;
11:267; 12:307, 360; 14::3252,
351%, 3357, 839", 364", 3697, 3707,
371%, 376°; remedies, 1:162; 5:
262, alt:
pomonella, see B. pomifoliella.
thuiella, 1:162.

~

2:243;

tr

425

Buckeye, insects injurious to;
Proteoteras aesculana, 12:215,
Ate
Steganoptycha claypoliana, 12:
ZAG. 2k

Buckton, G. B., Monograph of
British aphides cited, 5:246, 253.

Buckwheat, insects injurious to;

-Anosia plexippus (syn. Danais
archippus), 5:285.

Mamestra picta, 4:16; 5:209,

Vanessa atalanta (syn. Pyra-
meis), 5:285.

Bud mites, 5:290.

Bud moth or worm, attacking
plum, 7:355; life history; 7:306-7;
on apple tree, 1:329; 4:14, 206; 7:
363; ravages, 8:124, 218-19; 9:296;
reference, 5:304; 7:216, 382; 8:
288; 9:298, 372, 373, 440, 462; 10:
488, 490; 11:121, 266; 12:307; 14:
365+ O00, Ol walt: onan atte.
378°; remedies, 7:307, 360. eo

Buffalo bug, 9:302.

Buffalo courier cited, 8:293; 14:316*.

Buffalo fly, 5:220, 226; 7:333; 9:444;
13 :364°; 14:396%. See also Buffalo
gnat.

Buffalo gnat, 5:314; 14:338°.

Buffalo moth, 11:280.

Buffalo society of natural sciences,
Bulletin cited, 1:116, 211; 2:89,
1962 52208207; 2102 "¢ 22873" 9:459<
LO430 1E:135.. 146, 1520-92-28
be co5e FBO SOT, S14":

Buffalo tree hopper, 1:284, 315, 318,
331; 4:146, 208; 11:270.

buffaloensis, Sesia, see Hemaris.

Hemaris (syn. Sesia), 9:451;
14:3127, 358°.

‘“Bug-catcher,”’ 11:188-89.

Bugnion, Edward, cited, 10:405.

Bullard, W. S., spraying trees, 12:
264. Sas

Bullen, J. J., insects from, 10:512.

Bumble bee, 1:319; 7:299.

Buprestidae, 1:30, 308; 4:182; 6:123;
10:406-7; 11:267.

Buprestis fasciata, 10:516.

ruficollis, see Agrilus.

Burdock, insects on;

Chortophila conformis
Musca), 1:209.

Dorthesia species, 1:286.

Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna),
bd La

Melanoplus femur-rubrum, 6:
15D.

Burmeister, H. C. C., Handbuch der
Entomologie cited, 1:233; 2:188;
10:411; Manual of entomology
cited, 2:198.

(Syn.

426

Burnett, H. S., cited, 12:192.
Burnett, W. I., cited, 2:168.-
Burning bush, insects on;
Aphis rumicis, 14:375°.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.°

Burr, J- H. T., insects from, 10:515.

Burrill, T. J., cited, 10:453.

Burrowirg beetle, 7:371.

Burt, 8. W., insects from, 12:363.

Burying beetles, 5:289.

Busick, Mrs K. M., insects from,

5 :324.

Butalis cerealella, see Sitotroga.

Butler, A. W., cited, 7:296.

Buttercup, Meloe angusticollis on,

6:130.

Butterfield, J. L., insects from, 11:

286.

Butterflies, “assembling”, 1:70;

calendar of (abstract), 9:453,
456; 14:3118, 312'; classifica-
tion, 1:78; contributions of,
6:186-87; Edwards’ work on,
1:22; in the Adirondacks, 5:
285; larvae, 8:170; list of N.
Y. species (abstract), 9:449;
A14:311'; mouth parts of, 12:
326; number of, 4:165, 181;
Phymata wolffii (syn. P.
erosa), capturing, 7:371; ref-
erence, 1:227, 10:466; 14:319°;
seareity of, 12:307; South
American from EH. Corningjr,
7:220; species treated of, 8:
169-70; 9:336-37; studies of,
4:173, 174; swarming, 10:490.

carnivorous, 4:179.

little orange, 8:169-70; 10:497;
14:382°.

Butternut, insects injurious to;
Carynota mera, 9:388.
Clastoptera.obtusa, 8:153.

' Corythuca juglandis, 4:108.
Cyllene pictus, 8:176.
Enchenopa binotata, 1:287, 319.
Halisidota caryae, 7:355.
Notolophus leucostigma.

Orgyia), 2:77.
_ Pomphopoea sayi, 6:135.

Buttonwood, Corythuca ciliata on,

4:107, 108.

buxi, Psylla, 2:18.

Buxus sempervirens, see Box.

Byington, W. W., insects from, 10:

518.

Byrne, J., insects from, 10:515.

Byrrhus scrophulariae, see Anthre-

nus.

Bythoscopus eclitellarius, see Tham-

notettix.
fagi (syn. Athysanus), 9:401.
fenestratus (syn. Athysanus),
9:400, 410.

(syn.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Bythoscopus minor (syn. Athysa-
_nus), 9:400, 410.
nigrinasi (syn. Athysanus), 9:-
401, 410.
_seminudus, see HEutettix semi-
nuda.
strobi, see Phelpsius.
tergatus, see Chlorotettix ter-
gata.
unicolor, see Chlorotettix.
variabilis (syn. Athysanus, A.
abietis), 9:400, 410.
Byturus unicolor, 8:298.

Cabbage, insects injurious to;

. Aphis brassicae, 6:148; '7:317,
372; 9:405, 440; 10:495; 14:
BAGS bens

Carneades tessellata (syn. Agro-
tis), 7:382.
Chelymorpha argus, 14:350°.
Diabrotica 12-punctata, '7:315..
Epicauta vittata, 6:135.
pennsylvanica, 14:332".
Feltia annexa (syn. Agrotis),
S25),
Julus caeruleocinctus,
10:446.
Lygus pratensis, 13:351", 351°.
Mamestra picta. 5:209*.
subjuncta (syn. Hadena),
1:58: Gi2oe.
trifolii, 8:285.
Melanotus species, 7:360.
Murgantia histrionica, 1:264;
2:146;. -63AT(5" T1232 pole
292; 9:315, 441, 463; 11:280;
12:349; 14:3157, SiG. aad
Noctua clandestina (syn. Agro-
tis), 8:234, 235.
Otiorhynchus ovatus, 10:418.
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro-
tis), 5:205. :
Phorbia brassicae (syn. Antho-
myia, P. floccosa), 1:208; 2:28;
5:157, 158; 9:431, 482; 10:486.
Phyllotreta vittata, 1:60,
Pieris rapae, 1:9, 39, 52, 59; 7:
Sans Ove? 14310
Plusia brassicae, 2:91; 6:184;
9:295; 10:487; 14:3787.
Polydesmus complanatus, 3:
133.
serratus, 12:301.
Smynthurus hortensis, 2:207.
Strachia ornata, 1:270.
Thrips, 9:445, 464.
tabaci, 11:242, 243, 244; 13:
363°.
wire worms, 13:3678; 14:365*.
Xylophasia devastatrix (syn.
Hadena), 1:58; 8:235. ’

6:190;

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Cabbage Aphis, general account, 6:
147-48; reference, 1:296, 322; 7:
372; 9:405, 440; 14:319°, 368°, 374’,
381'; remedies, 2:32; 6:148; 7:318;
9:432; 10:495; unusual abundance
of, 7:317-18.

Cabbage butterfly, increased in-
juries in this country, 1:9; intro-
duced, 1:80, 240; 8:251; parasites,
1:189; 9:447; poisonous nature of,
9:446; reference, 1:194, 267, 269,
S22; 2:90, 92, -93;.3:109; 52300; 9:

454: 14:310°, 312", 353°; remedies,
#£:39, 43.
-Cabbage caterpillars, 1:59; 9:422;

Zebra, 2:216; 4:16; 5:206; 10:492;
e265 ts 312°; V4:362", 379°.

Cabbage cut worm, 5:325.

Cabbage fly (Anthomyia radicum),
1:186; attacking turnips, 1:185;
description of stages, 1:186-87;
general account, 1:184-91; natural
enemies, 1:187-90; operations, 1:
184-85; 5:265-66; reference, 1:193,
208, 322; 10:486; 14:349°, 362%,
3637, 377°; remedies, LAT 190; 5:
158-59; 9:431.

Cabbage gall weevil, 1:65.

Cabbage maggot, 5:157, 158;
9:418, 431; 10:484; 14:310%,
Bao B1G6*, 377},

Cabbage moth caterpillars, A Soak il Ee

Cabbage Plusia, 9:296; 14:330°.

Cabbage Thrips, 14:376°.

Cabbage worm, 1:40, 52, 59; 2:26,
27, 32; 7:337; 9:444, 446.

Cacoecia argyrospila (syn. Tortrix

furvana), 1:329; 5:324; 9:374;
10:483; 11:266.
-eerasivorana, 10:483.
purpurana, 10:483.
rosaceana, 1:329; 5:213; 6:187;
7:355; 9:418; 11:121, 266; 12:
312, 356, 360; 14:3957, 399°.
rosana, 10:516; 11:266.
eacti, Chilocorus, 5:300.
Coccus, 11:201.
Cactus, Leptocoris trivittatus on,
4,:158; 10:438.
prickly pear, Dactylopius adoni-
dum (syn. D. longifilis) ue
2:56.
cadaverina, Lucilia, see Pyrellia.
Pyrellia (syn. Lucilia), 1:299.

Caddice cases, 6:189.

Caddice fly, 1:79; 4:165.

Caddice worm, 1:79; 4:190.

Caecidotea stygia, a crustacean, 9:-
349.

Caecilius, in willow galls, 1:161.

eaelatus, Xyleborus, 2:54, 55.

ecaementarius, Pelopoeus, 4:205; 11:
284; 12:359.

347°,

6:166;-

ealiginosus,

427

Caenis nigra Hagen M S., 4:123.
Caeoma nitens, see Raspberry rust.
caeruleocinctus, Julus, see Julus
caeruleocinctus.
caeruleum, Chalybion (syn. Pelo-
poeus), 3:135, 140; 4:205; 11:284;
1233595 13-3742.
caeruleus, Ichneumon, 7 :228.
Pelopoeus, see Chalybion cae-
. ruleum.
caesar, Lucilia,
12:210.
caespitalis, Pyrgus (syn. P. petreius.
* P. rieara), 1:336.
caespitum, Tetramorium, 11:113.
caja, Arctia (syn. Huprepria, E.
americana), 9:452; 14:312°.
Euprepria, see Arctia.
Calamagrostis canadensis, see Blue
joint grass.
Calandra (syn. Sitophilus), 1:305.
granaria (syn. C. remotepunc-
tata), 1:304, 316; 5:325; 6:189;
GOD TOA oy HOro0e+y LODAT:
12:362; 14:367°, 365°, 369%.
oryzae, 7:362, 383; 9:308; 10:
511; 14:374°.

1:69, 299; 4:180;

remotepunctata, see CC. gran-
aria.
calanus, Thecla, 11:264.

calearata, Saperda, 1:297; 11:269.
calearatus, Notoxus, 11 269.
caleeola MS., Anthomyia, 1:195.

caleitrans, Stomoxys, 1:299; 5:221,
DAZ 22, BOS IAT Boo 5 OG; O AAA
L233 6: 13 ofa. 14al0.

ealdaria, Sciara, 10:396, 397-99, 510;
12:351; 14::308*, 378°, 3937.
Calendula, Spilosoma virginica on,
7 :304. ;
Calf tree hopper, 1:331; 11:270.
ealidum, Calosoma, 1:128; 8:237;
10:516; 12:209, 361.
California academy of
Proceedings cited, 7:225.
California lappet moth, 11:265.
California state board of horticul-
ture, Biennial report cited, 11:222,
2322- £2-295:
californica, Chrysobothris,
Clisiocampa, 11:265.
Gastropacha, 11:265.
Heterochroa, see H. bredowili
var.
Pyrrharctia, see P. isabella.
Harpalus, 8:237; 12:

sciences,

11:26.

209.
ealiptera, Cecidomyia, see Diplosis.
Diplosis (syn. Cecidomyia), 1:
297.
Calista forceps, see Scutigera.
Calla, Tetranychus telarius on, 5:
287.

428

Callidium antennatum, 13:3738°.
colonus, see Xylotrechus.
species on hemlock, 4:20, 238.

Callidryas eubule, 1:72. i

Callimorpha confusa, see Haploa.
fulvicosta, 11:264.
lecontei, see Haploa.

Calliphora fulvibarbis, 1:299.
vomitoria, 1:69, 170, 299.

Callipterinae, 9:412.

Callipterus betulaecolens |

Aphis), 9:406, 411, 412.
castaneae, 9:463.
mucidus, 1-331; 18:271:
ulmifoliae, 13:3627; 14:400°.

Callosamia angulifera, 4:206.
promethea (syn. Attacus), co-

coons of, 12:338, 839, 340; ex-

periment with larvae, 12:340;

larvae of, 12:339-40; life
history, 12:338-41; reference,

1:72, 98, 328; 5:324; 9:455;

11:265; 14:313°.

Callostoma fascipennis of Europe,

i tS2.
calmariensis, Chrysomela, see Gal-
erucella luteola.
Crioceris, see Galerucella lute-
ola.
Galeruca, see
luteola.
Pyrrhocoris, of Europe, 2:166.
Calocampa nupera, 9:459; 14:307°,
314".
vetusta, 9:459.
Caloptenus atlanis, see Melanoplus
differentialis, see Melanoplus.
femur-rubrum, see Melanoplus.
spretus, see Melanoplus.
Calopterygina, 7:220.
Calopteryx amata, 7:220.
Calosoma calidum, 1:128;
10:516; 12:209, 361.
externum, 12:209.
scrutator, 10:491, 516; 12:209,
361; 14:379".
sycophanta, 10:491; 14:379".
wileoxi, 12:209.
Calpodes ethlius (syn. Pamphila),
10:502; 14:385".

Calumba, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:
92.

Calvert, P. P., list of Odonata of
New York, referred to, 11:104-5.

Camaronotus cinnamopterus, see

Pilophorus. °
fraternis, see Pilophorus.

Cambridge entomological club, 14:

305°. :

Cambridge natural history cited, 11:

241, 250.

(syn.

Galerucella

S201.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Camel cricket, 4:160.

Camellia, insects injurious to;
Aramigus fulleri, 2:142.
?Parlatoria species, 8:214, 279;

14:369".

camelliae, Aspidiotus, 11:271.

camelus, Smilia (Syn. S. vittata), 9:
389.

Cameron, Peter, Monograph of the
British phytophagus Hymenoptera
cited, 13:336°, 338°.

Camnula pellucida,
Us Essar

Campbell, C. W., insects from, 5:
324, 326.

Campbell, J. G., insects from, 12:
364.

Campbell, J. P., cited, 11:127, 135.

Campbell, W. B., insects from, 8:
300. ;

campestrana, Sericoris, 10:483.

campestris, Clytus, see Xylotrechus
colonus. :

Campodea fragilis, 1:101.

Camponotus, 8:300.
herculaneus (syn. Formica, F.

noveboracensis), 1:330;
2:317; "C317; 1023655 s6u,
491; 11:264; 12:181; 14:
S22, ot > Boo:

var.. pennsylvanicus (syn.
Formica pennsylvanica),
1:62; °10:365; Js

' 181, 182.

Campsomyia macellaria, see Lucilia.

Camptogramma fiuviata, see Per-
cnoptilota.

Campylenchia curvata (syn. En-
chophyllum latipes), 9:387, 410.
cana, Orgyia, see Notolophus vetus-

ta var.

Canada department of agriculture,
Central experimental farm, Bul-
letin cited, 11:170; Report of the
entomologist and botanist cited, |
5:164, 216; '7:280; 8:133; 10:454;
11:250; 12:192.

Canada thistle, Vanessa cardui
(syn. Cynthia) on, 1:320.

eanadaria, Melanolophia (syn. Teph-

rosia), 4:20, 21.
Tephrosia, see Melanolophia.

canadensis, Leptura, 4:20, 23.
Panorpa, 10:478.

Polydesmus, see P. serratus.

Sphinx (syn. S. plota), 4:137;
14:350?, 357°.

Trirhabda, 4:142, 148; 14:3507,
B01".

canadensisella, Bucculatrix, 3:136,
140; 8:106, 133-40, 297; 10:369,
497; 14:382?.

1:332; 10:443;

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Canadian entomologist, abstracts
feoem, 24-3077, 307, 307°, 308°, 312°,
Sig, olp ,-olG colt, 3188) 319°,
Bev, Hoc0®, 322°, 7323), 327; 330’,

Sot isa, oto, ofo; cited;, 1:99,
127, -149, 151, 157, 181, 184, 194,
POI ZO, 216, 227,233; 2:69, 89,
Bin toe, 142. 203, 2253.4:35,-51);: 57,
103, 104; 5:164, 174, 1938, 207, 216,
234, 311; 6:179, 184; 7:225, 247,
aid, B12, 313, 314, 377, 378; 8:138,
feet. 155; 160, 288, 289s.291,
292, 294; 9:300, 317, 318, 330, 454;
10:405, 408, 416, 417, 453, 454,
478; 11:127, 134, 135, 188, 1389, 146,
157, 160, 177, 182, 232, 234, 240,
241, 249, 250, 251; 12:183, 186, 191,
218, 237, 238, 248, 248, 249, 258,
254, 265, 268, 293; 18:3354, 338%,
Bao, one, 3435, 343°, 3437, 352,
Bien oa; 302°, ado.

Canadian journal cited, 7:225; 12:
183.

Canadian naturalist cited, 7:225.

Canady, G., insects from, 12:198.

eanaliculatus, Valgus, 11:268.

Canarsia hammondi (syn.
pelia), 1:329; 11:266.

Canary grass. Nectarophora grana-
ria (syn. Siphonophora avenae)
On. o-252.

candida, Cerura, see C. scitiscripta.

Saperda, see Saperda candida.
ecandidatum, Poecilosoma, 13:336'.
Candy tuft, insects on;
Phyllotreta vittata, 1:60. -
Thrips tabaci, 11:244.
canellus, Typophorus (syn. Paria
aterrima), 6:183, 188; 7:360; 9:
463; 10:495, 511; 14:3297, 365%,
381?.
ceanicularis, Cicada, 2:179; 9:385.
Homalomyia (syn. Musca do-
mestica minor), 1:168, 171.
caninus, Dermestes (syn. D. muri-
nus), 9:462.

Canker worm, destruction by, 3:84,
85; 5:258-59; 9:296; 13:365?;
distribution, 1:11; 2:7; frater-
nal potter wasp preying upon,
6:110; reference, 1:226; 3:144;

Pem-

4::185, 200; 5:318; 9:422; 11:

gos AZ ACOs, .14:340*. 3435,
344°; 349’, 3637, 3927, 396°, 399';
remedies, 1:33, 57, 64; 2:27,
44; 5:242, 259; 10:488; 12:311,
312, 350; studies of, 4:163; 8:
Pe

autumn or fall, 1:329; 4:15: 5:
Zee, ol1; 11-266: 13:370; 14:
398". See also
pometaria.

Alsophila

429

Canker worm, spring, 11:266; 12:
311-12, 360; 14:3381°, 331°, 338°,
343°, 352%. See also Paleacrita
vernata.

Canna, insects injurious. to;

Calpodes ethlius (syn.
phila), 10:502; 14,:385".
Pyrrharctia isabella (syn. Spilo-
soma), 10:502; 14,:385"7.
Cantaloupe, insects injurious to;
Margaronia nitidalis (syn. Hu-
dioptis):? PL<127, 131, 132:
Systena elongata, 9:344.

Cantharides, 4:92; 10:434.

Cantharis atrata, see Epicauta penn-
sylvanica.

marginata, see Chauliognathus
marginatus.

nuttalli (syn. Lytta), 8:294; 14:
Olt

vesicatoria, see Lytta.

vittata, see Epicauta.

Canthon, reference to paper on, 4:
175; C. laevis, 3:102; 7:382.

Cape jessamine, Aramigus fulleri.
on, 2:148.

Capnia pygmaea (syn. Perla nivi-
eola), 1:298;.'2:239; 11-288: 14:
343).

capra, Odynerus, 9:461.

capraea, Cyllene, see Neoclytus.

Neoclytus (syn. Cyllene), 1:297. .

capreae, Siphocoryne, 3:123.

caprifolium, Abia, see Zaraea
flata.

Capsidea, 10:475; 11:248.

species treated of, 18:3514-57°.

Capsus oblineatus, see Lygus pra-
tensis.

quadrivittatus,
sus lineatus.
succinetus, see Largus.

captivum How., Isosoma, 4:34, 35.

eara, Catocala, 1:90.

Carabid beetle, 1:128, 144, 145.

Carabidae, 1:69; 3:99, 146; 4:81, 82:
5:303; 8:238; 10:491, 4938, 496; 12:
209, 235-37, 353.

Caradrina fidicularia, see C. multi-

fera.

miranda, 10:482.

multifera (syn. C. fidicularia),
7:375; 10:482; 14:3218.

carbonarium, Monomorium, 10:366.

Carcelia leucaniae, see Winthemia
quadripustulata.

cardinalis, Novius (syn. Vedalia), 6:
105; 7:360, 382; 14:365?.

Vedalia, see Novius.
cardui, Cynthia, see Vanessa.
Pyrameis, see Vanessa.
Vanessa (syn. Cynthia, Pyra-
meis), 1:320; 3:91; '7:228.

Pam-

in-

see Poecilocap-

430

Carduus, Peridroma saucia (syn.
Agrotis) on, 5:205.
caricae, Lecanium,
innumerabilis.
earicinus, Corymbites, 11:267,
carinata, Microgaster, see M. gele-
chiae var.
Sirthenea, 4:118.
Carman, Mrs_ Frederick,
from, 8:296.
Carnation, insects, etc.,injurious to;
cut worms, 8:236.
Thrips, 11:250.
Tyroglyphus
11 :254.
Carnation mite, 11:254-60; 12:357.
Carneades messoria (syn. Agrotis,
A. cochrani, A. repentis), 1:
58, 328, 340; 5:210; 8:188, 236;
1a 265, ;
obeliscoides, 18:372°.
perpolita (syn. Agrotis), 7:375;
14:321°,
redimicula (syn.
Sle
scandens (syn. Agrotis),
SAGA 1A 26a:
tessellata (syn. Agrotis, A. ni-
erTicans var. maizi)-= Csi,
Seo, 1 12655, 14328
earneola, Hrastria, 9:456.
earnifex, Cimex, see Cosmopepla.
Cosmopepla (syn. Cimex), 2:
144-47; 9:458; 14:314°, 342°.
Eysarecoris, see Cosmopepla.
Pentatoma, see Cosmopepla.
earolina, Dissosteira, 10:4438.
Mantis, see Stagmomantis,
Phlegethontius (syn. Sphinx),
1:322; 8:242: 14:3435.
Sphinx, see Phlegethontius.
Stagmomantis (syn. Mantis, M.
inquinata), 4:158-62, 193; 7:
357; 8:300; 14:347%, 3587.
carolinensis, Brochymena, 11:270.
carolinus, Telephorus, 8:173. -
carotae, Aphis, of Europe, 3:128.
Carpet beetle or bug, detailed ac-
count of two species, 9:299-
306; general account (ab-
straet),. 7:312.7 19 280. hapits,
2:46, 47; 5:267-68; 9:303-4;
11:172-74; increased destruc-
tiveness in America, 1:9; in-
troduction, 6:175; 7:335; lady-
bird mistaken for, 4:195, 196;
6:117, 118; 9:306; occurring
on flowers, 4:141; 11:172, 173;
reference, 1:78, 227; 2:232; 4:
AS 1S5. 119. bach. eal eueet
BiG. Olt ool hot Olde. ote oO:
302, 303; 10:498; 11:286; 12:

see Pulvinaria

insects

heteromorphus,

Agrotis), 10:
1:58,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

3573 —1373590' 2. S643) aa aie
316, 3177, 319% 319%; S20 a208
BaF S22 S223 Se) eee
338', 338°, 348*, 363°, 366°, 383%.
389°, 395", 397*, 400°; remedies#
1:59, 64; 2:47-48; '7:364; 9:
304-6.
black, 9:302,
388". ;
Carpet bug, see Carpet beetle.
Carpet fly [Scenopinus fenestralis],
2:44.
Carpet moth, 1:64; 4:140.
carpini, Psylla, 9:404, 411.
var. annulata, Psylla (syn. P.
annulata), 9:404, 411.
Carpocapsa deshaisiana, see C. salti-
tans. na
latiferreana, see Mellisopus.
pomonella, attacking quinces,
2:11; 6:181; general account,
9:338-42; Mermis parasitic
on, 4:127; 8:290; reference,
1:8, 219, 329; 2:120, 1223eieee
229; 3:144; 4:152, 206; 6:154;
7:310; 8:245, 297; 9:296, 422;
10:391, 483, 498; 11:266; 12:
360; 14:314°, 328° 335) eae"
371’, 383°; remedies, 1:35, 58;
soldier beetle feeding on, 4:
85; 5:316; Telephorus larvae
feeding on, 8:174.
saltitans (syn. C. deshaisiana),
4:151-54; 5:315; 6:187; 7:310;
8:292; 14:315°. 3a0. oape
Carpophilus pallipennis, 9:462,
Carrion beetle, 1:69.
Carrot, insects injurious to;
Aphis dauci, 3:123, 151.
Aphorura armata (syn. Lipura
fimetaria), 2:210.
Epicauta pennsylvanica, 2:227;
651353514 sae"
vittata, 6:133.
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro-
tis)4.5-205.
plant lice, 3:84, 123; 4:204; 14:
3467, 352°.
Carrot fly, 1:46, 49.
Carson, R. P., insects from, 4:207.
Carteria laceca, 11:201.
Carya alba, see Hickory.
poreina, see Pig nut.
caryae, Halisidota, 1:328; 6:187; 7:
355; 8:296; 9:455; 11:264; 138:
369°; 14:313°, 398%.
Lachnus, 5:304.
Microcentrus (syn. Uroxiphus),
9:392, 410.
Schizoneura, 3:125.
Uroxiphus, see Microcentrus.

304; 11:276; 14:

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

ecaryaecaulis, Phylloxera, 11:248,
287.
ecaryatrypes, Balaninus, see B. pro-
boscideus.
Carynota (syn. Optilete), 1:300; 9:
410.
arquata, see Vanduzea.
marmorata (syn. Cyrtosia), 9
389, 410.
mera (syn. a), 9:388,
* 410.
caryosus, Sphenophorus, 1:261.

Case, A. P., insects from, 8:297;
12:315, 362.

Case bearers, 1:164, 167; 7:347; 8:
2G 9-374.

casei, Piophila, see Piophila casei.
Tyrophaga, see Piophila.

Cashaws, Margaronia hyalinata
(syn. Eudioptis) injuring, 11:136.
eassiae, Silvanus, see Cathartus
gemeliatus.
Cassida aurichalcea, see Coptocycla
bicolor.
bivittata, 6:127.

_¢lavata, see Coptocycla.
nigripes, 6:127; 7:3638, 383; 14:
366%.
Cassididae, 1:243, 306.
Cassidy, J., cited, 11:182.
Cassidy, M., insects from, 10:511.
Castanea americana, see Chestnut.
eastaneae, Atymna (syn. Smilia), 9
389, 410.
Callipterus, 9:463.
Smilia, see Atymna.
eastaneum, Tribolium, see T. ferru
gineum.

Castor bean, Hcpantheria larva fed
on, 12:189; stalk borer on, 1:112.
Castor oil plant, Notolophus leuco-

stigma (Syn. Orgyia) on, 2:77.
Cat birds feeding on cicada, 12:289,
Cat flea, 13:372°. °
Catabena lineolata (syn. Adipso-

phanes miscellus), 10:482.
cataphracta, Dorthesia, see Orthe-

Zia.
Gortyna, see Hydroecia.
Hydroecia (syn. Gortyna) 1:115;
10:373-76, 509; 11:284; 12:
351; 14:392°.
Orthezia (syn. Dorthesia), 1:286,
Catbrier, Hadena turbulenta on,
10:509.
eatenaria, Cingilia (syn. Zerene), 4:
189, 206; 8:287, 297; 9:450;
1435 "nolan
Zerene, see- Cingilia.
Cathartus advena (syn. Silvanus),
9:308.
gemellatus (syn. Silvanus cas-
siae), 9:308, 462.

~

431

Catnip, Thrips tabaci on, 11:245.
Catocala, 1:71, 113, 341; 6:184; 8:
292; 9:455, 459.
eara, 1:90.
concumbens, 1:90.
crataegi var. pretiosa (syn. C.
pretiosa), 7:375; 8:292; 14:
307°, 3161, 321".
grynea (syn. €. polygama), L:
3288 (822025 Asia 2663 14:
a16%
nubilis, 10:482.
nuptialis, 11:266.
parta, 9:456; 14:3137.
piatrix, 1:90.
polygama, see C. grynea.
pretiosa, see C. crataegi var.
ultronia, 11:121, 266.
unijuga, 5:282.
Catocalas occurring in the state of
New York, list of, 14:315°.
Catodaulis (syn. Daimio), 1: 336; i
Si Ae
tethys (syn. Daimio), 1:336.
Catolaceus species, 10:381, 485.
Catopyrrha coloraria (syn. Aspi-
lates), 11:254.
Cattle tick, 6:156-58; 9:458; 138:375';
14:368°.
Caulfield, F. B., cited, 5:207; 12:2438,
PH.
Cauliflower, insects injurious to;
Lygus pratensis, 13:351°.
Murgantia histrionica, 12:349,

363.

Phorbia brassicae (syn. An-
thomyia, Phorbia floccosa),
£A85;" 207252158, 265; 92451.

Pieris rapae, 9:442; 14:375°.
Thrips species, 9:464,
tabaci, 11:242, 243, 244. °
c-aureum, Grapta, see Polygonia in-

terrogationis.
eavicollis, Galeruca, see Galerucella.
Galerucella (syn. Galeruca),
11:197-98, 286; 14:3955.
Ceanothus americanus, see New
Jersey tea.
Cebrio bicolor, 3:100-1; 7:371; 14:
319°, 352°.

gigas, 3:101.
Cebrioninae, 3:101.
Cecidomyia, 1:188, 297, 322; 3:86,
97; '7:308; 9:440.
balsamicola, 4: pe 2 T3077; 9:
440; 14 308, |. BTAB,
betulae, 3:86, ek 4:27, 205,
206; 11:162-65; '12:357; 14:
343", 35; 305°:
ealiptera, see Diplosis.
cerealis, see Diplosis graminis.
crataegi, of Europe, 7:308, 364;
14:367?.

432

Cecidomyia cucumeris, see Diplosis.
destructor, 1:58, 321; 4:27, 29;
5:268, 325; 7:368; 11:165; 14:
317°, 325°, 349°, 3637.
graminis, see Diplosis.
inimica, see Diplosis.
leguminicola (syn. C.. trifolii
Lintn.), abundance, 5:262-638;
change of name, 7:376, 377;
damages by, 4:12; 8:263;
larva, 11:164; 12:313, 356;
parasites of, 2:2; reference,
AG: (GET iS. WPS shits Os
11:155, 249; 13:359'; 14:308°,
B20" 320"; 322° > 3228 ava2o',
324°, 326°, 329°, 349%, 3637, 400°,
remedies, 1:54; Thrips de-
stroying eggs of, 2:31; 8:255.
nigra, see Diplosis pyrivora.
pyricola, see Diplosis pyrivora.
rigida (syn. C. salicis), 1:297.
salicis, see C. rigida.
salicis-batatus, 2:231;
species, 12:361; 14:374°.
tergata, see Diplosis.
thoracica, see Diplosis.
trifolii Loew., 6:184; 14:329°.
trifolii Lintn., see C. legumini-
eola.
tritici, see Diplosis.
tubiecola, 4:175.
Cecidomyidae, 2:125; 4:60, 62, 63;
8:140; 10:386-87, 389; 11:162-70.
cecropia, Attacus, see Samia,
Platysamia see Samia.
Samia (syn. Attacus, Platy-
Samin) (2 S282 250.8 455:
102481; 9112265; 012355; 13-
Ohl Ta BAS 34:
Cecropia caterpillar, 8:287; 14:373'.
Cecropia moth, 1:328; 11:265; 12:
855; 13:371°; 14:394".

Cedar, insects injurious to;
Hylesinus, opaculus, 4:144.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-

mis, 4:21, 208.
red, insects injurious to, 4:20.
Cicada septendecim, 2:176.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84; 4:21.
white, see Arbor vitae.

Celastrus scandens, see Bittersweet.

celatus, Psithyrus, 11:104.

Celery, insects injurious to;

Lygus pratensis, 13:353°, 354°.
Macrops indistinctus, 10:517.
Plusia brassicae, 2:91, 92.

Celery fly, 1:49.

Celery leaf miner, 1:52.

14:334?.

celeus, Phlegethontius (syn. Macro-.

sila and Sphinx quin-
quemaculatus, Protoparce), 1:

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

56, 738, 119, 322; 3:141; 4:205>:
57D 3095. Gil8Ts 731s
242-44; 9:461; 10:507; 13:371';
14:3098, 323°, 343°, 358°.
Protoparce, see Phlegethontius.
Sphinx, see Phlegethontius.
cellaris, Drosophila, 1:220.
celtidis-mamma, Pachypsylla, 3:141.
celtis, Chlorippe (syn. Apatura
lycaon), 1:86.
Celtis occidentalis, see Hackberry,
American.
Cenopis pettittana, 10:483.
reticulatana, 10:483.
Centaurea, insects injurious to;
Cecidomyia balsamicola, 4:63.
Phytomyza chrysanthemi (P.
lateralis in error), 4:77.
centaureae, Hesperia (Syn. Pyrgus),

1:336.
Pyrgus, see Hesperia.
centerensis, Cossus, 2.216; 3:140;

7:373; 8:294; 14:307', 317°, 3207.

Centipede, -1:322; 4:128; 6:175;

324.
flattened, 1:296; 12:301.

Centranthus ruber, Peridroma
saucia (Syn. Agrotis) on, 5:205.

ceparum, Anthomyia, see Phorbia.

Phorbia (Syn. Anthomyia,.
Scatophaga), 1:8, 46, 169, 171,
172-81, 204, 296, 322; 2:28; 3:
85; 4:13; 5:319; 10:486; 14:
Bod, O40. Olt

Scatophaga, see Phorbia.

cepetorum, Phorbia, 1:180.

Cephalomyia ovis, see Oestrus.

Cephidae, 8:167.

Cephus pygmaeus, 3:88, 147; 7:334;

8:167; 10:515. =i
trimaculatus (syn. Phylloecus),
SIG Tse

Cerambycid beetle from Central
America, | 5:325.

Cerambycidae, family characteris-
tics, 12:288; general habits, 4:22, —
94; injurious to apple trees, list
of, 11:268-69; number. of larvae
described, 4:182: sense organs,
1:69; species treated of, 3:104-5;
4.:22-23, 94-96; 5:231-33; 8:203-5;
12:237-48; synopsis of (reference
to), 4:175.

Cerambycids, scarcity of, 12:308.

Ceramica exusta, see Mamestra

picta.
picta, see Mamestra.
cerasi, Aphis, see Myzus.
Cremastogaster, see C. lineolata
var. cerasi.
Eriocampa, see EHEriocampoides
limacina.

Wf (bes

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

cerasi, Myzus, see Myzus cerasi.
Selandria, see Hriocampoides
limacina. =
cerasicolens, Aphis, 9:405, 411, 412.
ecerasifoliae, Aphis, 9:411.
cerasiyorana, Cacoecia, 10:483.
~Cerasophorus balteatus, see Chion
garganicus.
Cerasus vulgaris, see Cherry.
Ceratocampa imperialis, see Basi-
rong.
Ceratocampidae, 5:199.
Ceratomia amyntor (syn. C. quadri-
eornis), 8:296; 10:481, 507,
508, 509; 12:359; 14:3097, 309°.
quadricornis, see C, amyntor.
undulosa (syn. Daremma), 9:
452; 14:312°.
' Ceratopogon, 5:280; 7:384; species,
seareity of, 12:307.
CeratopsylHus serraticeps
Pulex), 12:361; 13:372°.
Cercopidae, 1:285, 300; 4:120; 5:
242; 8:152, 153.
Cercopis lineata, see Ptyelus linea-
tus.
obtusa, see Clastoptera.
Cercus canadensis, see Red-bud.
Cercyonis alope (syn. Satyrus), 4
1ST:

(syn.

nephele (syn, Satyrus), 5:285.
cerealella, Alucita, see Sitotroga.
Anacampsis, see Sitotroga,
Butalis, see Sitotroga.
Gelechia, see Sitotroga.
Sitotroga (syn.- Alucita, A.
granella, Anacampsis, Gele-
eita)y-2. ©-209, «316: —~2:-102-10;
4:17; 6:187, 190; 9:308; 10:
317-86, 485, 492, 510; 12:351;
103342”, 377°, 379°, 391°.
Cerealine, Silvanus surinamensis
infesting, 12:361.
cerealis, Aphis, see
granaria.
Cecidomyia, see Diplosis grami-
nis.
eerealium, Thrips,
249.
Ceresa bubalus, 1:284, 315, 318,
031; 4:146-47, 208; 7:360; 8:
BOs. O:o00: ° 11270: “14:317*
357°, 3657.
diceros, 9:390.
Para hood 2 49 270.
_Ceria abbreviata, 7:229,
cerintha, Chamyris, 9:456, 11:266;
14:313".
¢cerisyi, Smerinthus, 9:451.
Cermatia araneoides, 4:133.
coleoptrata, see Scutigera for-
ceps.

Nectarophora

1:303; 11:248,

433

Cermatia floridana, see Scutigera

forceps.
forceps, see Scutigera.
linceci, see Scutigera.
Ceroplastes, 8:281; 14:370%.
cirripediformis, 11:287.
floridensis, 11:271.
Cerostoma brassicella, see Plutella
eruciferarum.
Cerura aquilonaris, see C. scolopen-

drina.
borealis, 1:187; 7:375; 9:456;
14:313°, 321°.

caterpillars, 14:3737.

candida, see C. scitiscripta.

occidentalis, 1:1387; 7:375; 14:

+ SU axle)

Scitiscripta (syn. C. candida),
Coon Lae I.

scolopendrina (syn. C. aqui-

lonans). C:3ibs £43207
cervicola, Stomoxys, MS., 5:222,
308.

ceto, Melittia, see M. satyriniformis.
Cetonia aurata, 1:237.
barbata, see Euphoria inda.
inda, see Euphoria.”
marylandica, see Euphoria inda.
Cetoniadae, 1:234.
Cetonians, larval habits of, 12:314.
Ceuthophilus maculatus, 12:368.
Ceutorhynchus assimilis, 1:195.
Chaerocampa pampinatrix, see Am-
pelophaga myron.

Chaetochilus contubernalellus, see
Ypsolophus pometellus.
pometellus, see Ypsolophus.

Chaffee, , insects from, 3:142.
Chaitophorus aceris (syn. Aphis),
9:406, 411, 412.

populi (syn. Lachnus), 9:407,
411, 412.

populifoliae (syn: Aphis), 9:406,
411, 412.

species, 13:362°; 14:400°.
Chalcididae, beneficial habits of, 8:
275; infesting barley joints, 1:307;
4:27-35; parasitic on asparagus
beetle, 1:241; on Angoumois
moth, 2:110; on white marked
tussock moth, 2:79; reference, 1:
156, 160; 2:219; secondary parasi-
tism of, 1:146; species treated, 10:
369; studies in, 4:10, 168, 172.
chaleidiphagus, Semiotellus, 4:33.
Chalcids, number from a_ single

larva, 1:146; parasite of Apan-
teles, 12:210; of Aphis gossypii
(syn. A. cucumeris), 11:167; of

apple leaf Bucculatrix, 1:159-61;
of apple tree case bearer, 1:165-
66; of bag worm, 1:86; of bal-
sam Cecidomyia, 7:307; of birch
Cecidomyia, 1:27; 11:165; of

434

squash bug, 3:110-11; of Odonto-
ta dorsalis, 12:267; of peach twig
moth, 1:156; of Phora species, 10:
405; of Scolytus rugulosus, 4:105;
of Sitrotroga cerealella, 10:381; of
vagabond Crambus, 1:146; refer-
ence, 12:359; 14:357°; secondary
parasitism. of, ° 8:187;;., 10:369;
transportation to new localities,
1:61.
Chalcis fulvipes of Lintn., erroneous
reference of C. ovata.
ovata (C. fulvipes of Lintn. in
error), 1:86; 11:1382.

Chalcophora liberta, 11:285.

virginiensis, 12:361; 18:3753°.

Chalia rileyi, 11:264.

chalybea, Graptodera, see Haltica.

Haltica (syn. Graptodera), 1:59,
244, 307, 317; 3:85; 4:96; 6:
188)7 189; "7332; 1358, o6L;. S:
298; 11:269, 286; 14:365'.

Chalybion caeruleum (syn. Pelo-
poeus), 3:135, 140; 4:205; 11:284;
L003 ASS Cl:

chalybirostris, Crambus, see OC.
vuigivagellus.

chamaenerii, Deilephila, 5:175; 10:
508; 12:359; 14:309*.

Chambers, V. T., cited, 1:15], 157,
16320522165. 7296s S35 deo
160; referred to, 11:158, 159.

Chambliss, C. E., cited, 12:2738.

Chamomile, German, Sitodrepa
panicea in, 4:92.

Champion, S. B., insects from, 138:
olan :

Champlin, J. P., insects from, 6:190.

Chamyris cerintha, 9:456; 11:266;
14:313".

Chapin, S. F., cited, 11:282.

Charadra deridens (syn. Diphtera),
9:456; 14:313°.

Chariclea exprimens, see
umbra.

Charidryas nycteis (syn. Melitaea),
9:448; 14:311°

charitonia, Heliconia, 1:70.

Chatham Republican quoted, 12:196.

Chauliodes pectinicornis, 8:107, 155-

59, 300; 10:497; 14:382°.

rastricornis, 8:107, 156, 157, 158,
159.

serricornis. 8:159.

Chauliognathus americanus, see C.

pennsylvanicus.

hentzii, see C. marginatus.

marginatus (syn. Cantharis),
3:153; 4:84, 88; 5:316; 11:133,
138; -13:3397, 3465, 357°:

pennsylvanicus (syn. C. ameri-
canus), 4:84, 86, 87; 5:316; 9:

Pyrrhia

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

344, 468; 10:498; 12:362; 14:
339%, 383°.
Cheese, Piophila casei
122230, 23889234,
Cheese mite, 3:129, 130, 151; 4:200;
5:290; 18:364°; 14:3467, 349°, 363°,
396". y
Cheese skipper, 12:229-34, 348; 14:
391*, 399°... See also Piophla casei.
Cheever, A. W., insects from, 6:188,
189. :
Chelymorpha argus, 4:14, 201, 207;
6:188; 10:516, 51%: 14-3508
chenopodii, Aeoloplus (syn. Pezotet-
tx) 4 1272:
Pezotettix, see Aeoloplus.

Chenopodium, see Pigweed.
album, see Lamb’s quarters.

Chenu, J. C., Encyclopédie Whistoire

naturelle cited, 2:102.

Chermes abietis (syn. Adelges, A.
abieticolens Thos., C. abieti-
colens), 2:185.
abieticolens Thos., C. abieti-

atratus, see C. strobilobius.
corticalis of Europe, 2:184.
laricifoliae, 2:184; 8:299.
laricis, see C. strobilobius.
pini, of Europe, 2:184. —
pinicorticis (Syn. C, pinifoliae),
#:180-87; 4:147; 9:454; 14:
Sh 420, aor.
pinifoliae, see C. pinicorticis.
strobilobius (syn. Adelges, A.
coccineus, C. atratus, C. lari-
cis), 1:46; 2:183, 184, 185, 187.
Chernes sanborni, 3:142, 6:190.
Cherries, Metapodius femoratus,
injurious to, 3:153.

Cherry tree, insects injurious to;
Amphicerus bicaudatus, 2:126.
aphids, 3:84.
Aphis cerasicolens, 9:405.
Aspidiotus nerii, 5:279; 8:215;

11:204.
perniciosus, 11:224, 287.

Cacoecia argyrospila, 7:356.
Carpocapsa pomonella, 9:340.
Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.
Cicada septendecim, 12:287.
Clisiocampa disstria (syn. C.

sylvatica), 3:91, 147.
Corimelaena pulicaria, 8:213.
Cremastogaster lineolata var.

cerasi (syn. C. ceras!), 10:365-

66.
Dynastes tityus, 5:230.
Eriocampa adumbrata, 5:323.
Eriocampoides limacina (syn.

Eriocampa cerasi), 7:352; 9:

335.

infesting,

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Cherry tree, insects injurious to;
Euphoria fulgida, 14:3727.
Galerucella cavicollis, 11:197,

286.
Halisidota caryae, 6:187; '7:355.
. Hyphantria cunea (syn. H. tex-
tor), 1:306.

Lachnosterna fusea, 1:317.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229, 230; 2:225; 4:142; 5:154,
320; 9:420.

Myzus cerasi (syn. Aphis), 1:
1S; 2:21; 32151; 5:254; 87125;
9:298, 345-46, 369, 405, 463;
12:350; 13:363°, 368%.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orygia), 2:77.

Phobetron pithecium, 2:227; 5:
186, 187.

Scolytus rugulosus, 3:152; 4:
105, 106, 186; 5:319; 7:383.
Sibine stimulea (syn. Empretia),
12:360.
Thyridopteryx
mis, 1:84.

Tmetocera ocellana, 7:306.

black; Chionaspis furfurus on,
bt =203.
choke, insects, etc., injurious to;

bag worm, 1:84.

black knot, 5:281.

cecidomyid, 12:318, 356, 361;
14:395’, 399%.

Chionaspis furfurus, 11:203.
wild; insects injurious to;
Basilona imperialis
Eacles), 13:344".

Clisiocampa americana, 5:152.
Galerucella cavicollis, 11:197.
Lycia ursaria (syn. Biston), 3:

136.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.

Myzus cerasi, 5:256.

Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.

Tolype laricis, 1:88.

Cherry ‘!eaf beetle, 11:197-98; 12:
3857; 14:395%.

Cherry tree aphis, 1:18; 3:151; 5:
253 257; 8:125; 9:293, 3845, 346,
369, 405, 440; 10:366, 498; 12:350;
imcaos; 14°362°; 371°, 375’,.. 383%,
392°, 3978.

Cherry tree scale, 11:271.

Cherry tree slug, 1:60; 7:352; 9:335-
36; 10:498; 14:3837.

chersis, Sphinx (syn. S. cinerea), 7:
381; 10:508; 14:3098.

Chess, soft, Nectarophora granaria
(syn. Siphonophora avenae) on, 5:
252.

Chester, W. M., insects from, 11:
287.

ephemeraefor-

(syn.

435

Chestnut, insects.injurious to;
Atymna castaneae (syn. Smilia),
9:389.
inornata (syn. Smilia), 9:388.
Balaninus proboscideus (syn.

B. earyatrypes), '7:3838;
10:501; 12:268.
rectus, 12:267, 268.
Basilona imperialis (syn.
Eacles), 13:344°.
Callipterus castaneae, 9:463;
10:468.
Cicada septendecim, 2:176; 12:
287.

Corythuea arcuata, 4:109.
polygrapha, 4:109.
| Dynastes tityus, 11:274.
Hlaphidion villosum, 9:358, 359.
Halisidota tessellaris, 5:308.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.
Sibine stimulea (syn. Hmpretia),

d iro yo (al Bae
Telamona reclivata, 9:391.
Spanish, Halisidota tessellaris

injuring, 5:308; 14.:356+.
Chestnut weevil, great, 10:501, 517;
12:269.
smaller, 12:270.

Chestnut weevils, bibliography, 12:
267-68; extent of injuries, 12:
269; life history of two species,
12:270-71; reference, 10:501; 14:
384°, 399°; remedies and preven-
tives, 12:271-72; value of crop at-
fected, 12:268-69.

Chestnut worm, see
weevil.

Chevrolat, Aug., cited, 10:414.

Chick-pea, Heliothis armiger on, 1:
120; ‘

Chickadee feeding on army-worm,
12:209; on canker worm, 2:8.

Chickasaw plum, Phytoptus. pruni
on, 12:318, 350.

Chestnut

' Chicken louse, 5:290.

Chickweed, Peridroma saucia (syn.
Agrotis) on, 5:205.
Chilocorus, 11:232.

bivulnerus, 2:186; 5:267, 300;
10:501; 12:361; 14:3857.
cacti, 5:300.

Chilognatha, 10:445-49; 12:300-3.

Chilopoda, 4:128, 132; 7:324.

Chimarocephala viridifasciata, see
Chortophaga.

China asters, see Asters, China.

China tree, Ceroplastes cirripedi-
formis on, 11:287.

Chinch bug, affected by fungus,
12:262; 13:369*; description
of, 2:150-51; detailed account,
2:148-64° dimorphic form, 2:

436

155-56; discovery in New
York; 2:4; distribution; 2:
164; estimated loss by, 1:7;
2:157; 12:341; history, 2:151-
52; injuries, 2:156-57; '7:331-
382; 11:198-99; life history, 2:
1538-54; Megilla maculata
preying upon, 4:83; opera-
tions in New York, 2:157-60;
reference, 1:17, 195, 297, 302,
308; 50162 216692321) 233% - a:

1 AGS S:3113- 2655 9-312;
10:486, 443; 12:315, 356, 357;
13:361°, 369°, 374°; 14:334',

334°, 3385’, 3428, 3957, 395°, 398",
399°; remedies, 1:58; 2:160-63.
false, 1:195, 331; -2:166; 5:321;
11:270; 14:341°.
Chinco, chintz, chink bug, 2:152.
chinensis, Bruchus (syn. B. scutel-
laris),.6:127;5"'7 28273838; 8:295; 10:
882; 14.:317%, 367°.
Chinquapin, insects injurious to;
Balaninus proboscideus, 12:268.
rectus, 12:268, 271. .
Chion ecinctus, 1:330; 4:95; 11:268.
garganicus (syn. Cerasphorus
balteatus), 1:330; 4:95; 11:
268.
Chionaspis euonymi, 11:288,
furfurus, 1:331; 4:208; 5:300,
326; 8:2938, 299, 9:440, 441,
464; 10:518; 11:202-8, 271,
288; 12:348; 13:368°, 374°; 14:
S16" 316, 395 7500:,.o91 2 a0n.
pinifoliae (syn. Aspidiotus), 2:
180, 184; 5:266; '7:366, 384;
92377; 1025183) 11-2035) 24:
368°.
salicis, 9:411.
Chionea valga, 2:236.
chionosema, Penthina, 10:483; 11:
266.
Chip manure, Euphoria inda breed-
ing in, 12:318, 362.
Chipping sparrow feeding on army
worm, 12:209.
Chironomus nivoriundus, 1:13, 298;
2242-14 -343*
Chiropachys colon, 4:105.
Chism, C. J., on 12-spotted aspara-
gus beetle, 12:249.
Chittenden, F. H., cited, 10:378, 408;
11:182; 12:194, 249, 254, 265, 266.
Chlamys plicata, 12:362.
Chloe pygmaea, see Baetis.

Chlorippe celtis (syn. Apatura
lycaon), 1:86.
clyton (syn. Apatura herse),
1:86.

cocles (syn. Apatura), 5:317;

14:306%, 339°.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

chloris, Parasa (syn. P. fraterna),
1:328; 5:186, 190; 9:448; 11:264;
14:375°.
chlorophaea,
clytes.
Theoclytes (syn. Mantis), 4:162.
Chloropisca copiosa, 4:70.
grata, 4:71.
prolifica, see C, variceps.
trivialis, 4:71.
variceps (syn. C. _ prolifica),
breeding place, 4:68, 69; 7:
238-40; detailed account, 4:
67-72; 7:284-41; distribution,
7:235; 9:318; general features
of, 7:240-41; habits of, '7:236-
38; hibernation of sexes, 7:
240; original description, 4:
70-71; reference, 4:207; 6:118;
7:359, 382; 8:297; 9:440; 14:
307°, 364°, 3645, 374°; remark-
able assemblage, 4:67-70, 72;
6:118;. 7:216, 234-35, 245
358.

Mantis, see ‘Theo-

-Chlorops, assemblage of, 4:67, 72;

9:313; larvae in stems and roots
of grass, 4:68; reference, 1:223,
224, 844; 4:70; 8:167, 300; species
in grain fields, 1:225, 226.
Chiorops antennalis, see Sapromyza
vulgaris.
laeta, of Europe, 4:72.
lineata, of Europe, 1:226; 4:72.
nasuta, of Europe, 4:72.
proxima, 1:226.
pumilionis, see Oscinis.
vulgaris, see Sapromyza.
Chlorotettix tergata (syn. Bytho-
scopus), 9:398, 410.
unicolor (Syn. Bythoscopus), 9:
398, 410.
Chocolate, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:
92,
Choerocampa pampinatrix,
_Amelophaga myron.
Choisya ternata, Heraclides cres-
phontes (syn. Papilio) on, 9:336,
337, 461.
chortalis, Eurycreon, see Loxostege.
Loxostege (Syn. Eurycreon), 11:

Sée

284.
Chortophaga infuscata, see C. viridi-
fasciata.
viridifasciata (syn. Acridium

hemipterum, A. marginatum,
A.virginianum, A. viridifasci-
atum, Chimarocephala, Chor-
tophaga infuscata, Tragoce-
phala), 2:4, 187-98, 223; 9:298,
330-84, 489, 464; 10:448, 498;
11:271; 12:363; 14:3307;7;3ai,
\ 8422) 313", Seo".

_—————

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Chortophila, 1:171, 180, 181, 184.
angustifrons, see Phorbia fusci-
ceps.
betae, see Pegomyia.
betarum, see Pegomyia.
“cilicrura, see Phorbia fusciceps.
conformis, 1:209.
floecosa, see Phorbia brassicae,
chrysanthemi, Aphis, of Europe, 2:
il 5

205, 21:
Phytomyza (P. affinis and P.
lateralis in error), 4:75-79,

207; 7:242-46; 9:421; 10:510;
14::357°, 374°.

Chrysanthemum, insects injurious
to;

aphids, 5:162.

Aphis middletonii, 14:385*.

Diabrotica 12-punctata, 7:217,
382.

Epicauta pennsylvanica, 6:170;
14,:361’.

EHristalis tenax, 7 :382.

Lygus pratensis, 13:353".

Myzus cerasi (syn. Aphis), 2:
et .

Phytomyza chrysanthemi (P.
lateralis in error), 4:77, 207;
7:242, 244; 9:421.

Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.

Japanese, Phytomyza chrysan-

themi on, 7:245.

Chrysanthemum frutescens, — see

Daisy.
Chrysanthemum fly,

510; 14:3745.
Chrysididae, 4:172.
Chrysobothris, 14:323°.

ealifornica, 11:267.

contigua, 11:267.

femorata, food plants, 4:155;
occurrence in small limbs, 6:
154; 7:379; reference, 1:330;
10:488; 11:267; 12:356; 18:
3$65*; 14:378°, 394°, 396°; reme-
dies, 1:58, 64, 308; 2:25, 27.

semisculpta, see C. contigua.

Chrysochus auratus, 4:142; 14:350?,
357°.
Chrysomela calmariensis,
eruceilla luteola.
rufipes, see Crepidodera.
seripta, see Melasoma.

7:242-46; 10:

see Gal-

scutellaris, see Odontota dox-
salis.

trimaculata, see Doryphora cli-
vicollis.

Chrysomelidae, characters of (ab-
stract), 4:196; reference, 4:
181; 5:271; 14:348';
members of treated;
alder flea beetle, 4:96-101.

437

Chrysomelidae, members of treated;

asparagus beetles, 1:239-46;
6:179; 8:250-53; 11:177-81;
12:248-52.

broad striped flea beetle, 4:
155-56.

cherry leaf beetle, 11:197-98.

cottonwood leaf beetle, 11:
181-89.

elm leaf beetle, 4:143-45; 5:
234-42; 11:189-97 ;'12 :253-64.

Odontota dorsalis, 12:264-67.

plaintain leaf miner, 10:414-
16

red footed flea beetle, 4:101-2.
species attacking apple trees,
11:269.
striped cucumber beetle, 10:
if i a 2
three lined leaf beetle, 2:132-
386; 10:491.
tortoise beetles, 6:125-27.
Trirhabda canadensis, 4:142-
43.
Chrysopa, 1:177; 2:186; 10:429; 12:
262; larvae, 5:244.
Chrysophanus americanus, see
Heodes hypophlaeas.
hypophlaeas, see Heodes.

Chrysopila thoracica, 9:462.

Chrysops niger, 9:462; 12:361.
species, 12:361.

chrysotheme, Colias, see Eurymus

eurytheme.

Chureh, , insects from, 3:142,

Churchill, G. W., insects from, 7:

383, 384.
Cicada, 1:69, 287, 310; 2:35; 4:165;

5:276; 6:1538; 9:319, 385; 14:
342%, 348°, 365°, 374", 377°, 384°
385°, 393°, 3997; harmlessness
of, 12:288.

dog day, 1:331; '7:383; 9:385; 11:
270; 12:270, 363; 138:374°.

frosted, 9:385.

Cicada canicularis, 2:179; 9:385.
lineata, see Ptyelus lineatus.
noveboracensis, see C. rimosa.
pruinosa, see C. tibicen.
rimosa (syn. C. noveboracensis,

Tibicen), 9:385, 410; 11:270.
septendecim, bibliography, 2:
167-68; '7:296-97; 12:272, 273;
broods in Ne Y. 2:1 7072s Se
276; 7:218, 297-301, 361-62; 10:
421; 12:277, 279; broods in U.
S. 2:169-70; 4:175; chambers
of, 10:423, 502; 12:279-83;
eomparative numbers of suc-
cessive broods, ~ 12:285-86;
contributions of, 10:518, 519;
experiments with 13-year
brood, 5:276-78; 12:277; fun-

438

gus destroying, 2:178-79; gen-
eral account, 2:167-79; 7:296-
301; 10:420-25; 12:272-89;
Hudson valley brood, 12:277;
injuries to vegetation, 2:176-
77: 12:286-87; life history, 2:
173-75; 12:274-77; musical ap-
paratus, 2:175; natural ene-
mies, 2:177-78; 12:288, 289;
oviposition, 12:274-75; pre-
ventives, 2:178; 12:289; refer-
ence, 1:79, 3809, 3831; 4:175,
TTR ATOS 202 Ses 1S 53227.6*
153; 7:218; 9:338,, -385, 440;
10:356, 500; 11:270, 284; 12:
274, 352; 14:332', 340*, 342°,
B48", 365°, STA ST, Bot, 399";
stings of Cicada, 12:287-88;
18-year brood, 1:331; 2:169,
225; 4:175, 200; 5:276-78, 318,
Beast OOS TOR Ziel 270:
12:276, 277; trees attacked
by; 2:1763, 4:20,625;.-10:276-77.
septendecim race tredecim, 10:
500, 518. See also Cicada
septendecim, 13-year
brood.
var. cassinii, 10:424; 12:279.
spumaria, see Philaenus.
tibicen (syn. C. pruinosa), 1:
88; 4.:196;- 202; 6:189; 7383;
9:410; 10:517; 5185 519; EL:
270; 12:274, 363; 13:374°; 14:
348%, 350°.
Cicadidae, 1:300; 2:213; 9:385; 10:
— 420-25; 11:270; 12:279-89.
Cicadula exitiosa, see Limotettix.
Cicer arietinum, see Chick pea.
Cicindela, generosa, 9:462.
repanda, 7:219; 10:377; 12:209.
6-guttata, 9:462.
vulgaris, 11:285.
Cicindelidae, 4:182; 11:106; 12:308,
320.
Cidaria, 1:72.
packardata, see Eustroma popu-
latum.
ciliata, Corythuea (syn. Tingis, T.
hyalina), 4:107-9, 208; 14::357°.
Psorophora (syn. Culex), 12:327.
Tingis, see Corythuca.
ciliatus, Culex, see Psorophora cili-
ata.
cilicrura, Chortophila,
fusciceps.
Homalomyia, see H. fuscula.
Phorbia, see P. fusciceps.
Cimbex americana, 1:1388; 8:3800;
11:284.
cimbiciformis, Mal!ota, see M. posti-
cata. :
Cimex carnifex, see Cosmopepla.
cristatus, see Prionidus,

see Phorbia

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM F

Cimex juniperinus, see Pentatoma
juniperina.

lectularius, see Acanthia lectu-
laria.

pratensis, see Lygus.

rubrocinctus, see Largus suc-
cinctus. :

Succinetus, see Largus.
Cincinnati commercial cited, 1:127.
Cincinnali daily gazette cited, 1:127.
Cincinnati quarterly journal of scr-

ence cited, 11:160.
Cincinnus melsheimerii (Syn. Pero-
phora), 7:381.
cinctaria, Phigalia, see Rhaphidode-
mas titea.
cincticollis,
cies, 9:394.
cinctus, Chion, 1:330; 4:95; 11:268.

Emphytus, 10:499; 14:384+.

Harpactor, ‘see Milyas.

Largus, 2:165.

Milyas (syn. Harpactor), 1:331;

3:108.

Therioplecies, 13:372°.
cinderella, Teras, see T. minuta var.
Cineraria, Phytomyza chrysan-

themi (P. lateralis in error) on, 4:
75; 7:242, 244; 9:421, 10:510.
cinerea, Bolitophila, 10:392.
Epicauta (syn. E. marginata,
Lytta marginata), 1:33, 57;
4,:201, 208; 6:134, 185, 1386,
182; 8:294; 12:354, 361, 14:,
3177,. 328°, 350°, 367°, see:

Meloe, see Epicauta.

Sphinx, see S. chersis.

Xylina, see X. antennata.
cinereus, Melanoplus, 11:272.
Cingilia catenaria (syn. Zerene),

4:139, 206; 8:287, 297; 9:450; .14:
Se, wovlcaee
cingulata Oncideres,

112425, 269.

Phiegethontius (syn.

10:507; 14:309°.

Sphinx, see Phlegethontius.
cingulatus, Leistotrophus, 1:187.
cinnamoneum, Tribolium see T. fer-

rugineum. ; :

Clastoptera, subspe-

133) “2:8

Sphinx),

cinnamopterus, Camaronotus, see
Pilophorus.
Pilophorus (syn. Camaronotus)
2:186.

Staphylinus, 1:188.
Cinquefoil, Thrips tabaci
244. ;
Cionus scrophulariae, 1:248.
cippus, Euclea (syn. E. querceti), 1:
328; 5-186; 11:264.
Circotettix verruculatus, 10:443.
circularis, Aspidiotus, see Diaspis
pyri.

on; Wok:

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

circumcinctus, Perillus, 2:146.
cirripediformis, Ceroplastes, 11:287.
Cirrospilus flavicinctus, 1:159, 160.
Cis fulvipes erroneous reference of
C. fuscipes.
fuscipes (C. fulvipes in error),
9 :462.
Cissus, Aramigus fulleri on, 2:148.
Cistela obscura, see Hymenorus ob-
ScuUrUs.
sericea, 6:130.
Cistelidae, 2:226; 6:129; on apple,
11 :269.

_Cistogaster immaculata, 12:210.

Citheronia imperialis, see Basilona.
regalis, 5:324, 13:347°.

citri, Dactylopius (syn. D. destruc-

tor), 32138.

citrinus, Psithyrus, 11:104.

Cixius impunctatus, see Myndus.
pini, 9:385.
quinquelineatus, see Oliarus.
stigmatus, 9:385.

Cladius isomera, 7:224.
pectinicornis, 10:499; 14:384°.
viminalis, see Trichiocampus.

Cladosporium fulvum, see Tomato

rot.

clandestina, Agrotis, see Noctua.
Noctua (syn, Agrotis), 1:328; 5:

Beet 6-1 (eV O:199. 235;

fO482> T4:121,° 265; 14,:325",
ao0":
clarescens, Acronycta, erroneous

reference of A. pruni.
Clarke, F. L., insects from, 12:363.
Clarke, J. M., insects from, 5:326.
Clarkson, A., insects from, 6:189.
Clarkson, Frederick, cited, 4:35; 5:
198, 234; on Cicada, 12:285.
Clastoptera, 4:120.
achatina, see C. obtusa.
atra, 9:394.
cincticollis, subspecies, 9:394.
flavicollis, subspecies, 9:394.
maculicollis, subspecies, 9:394.
nigricollis, subspecies, 9:395.
obtusa (syn. C. pini, C. testa-
cea, Cereopis), 1:285; 5:242-
46; 8:152-55, 299; 9:393-94,
410; 10:497; 14,:362°, 382°.
pini, see C. obtusa.
proteus, 1:285; 5:245; 9:394.
testacea, see C. obtusa.
clavata, Cassida, see Coptocycla.
Coptoeyela, W333, (57; 52322; :6:
20 eNO, 23f B S82. OAa54 ahs:
374; 14,:325°, 3418, 3678.
Deloyala, see Coptocycla.
Claypole, EH. W., cited, 1:116; 5:193;
12:214; quoted, 12:216.
claypoliana, Proteoteras, see Stegan-
optycha.

439

‘ claypoliana, Steganoptycha,
Steganoptycha claypoliana.
Clematis, insects injurious to;
Epicauta cinerea, 14:350°.
vittata, 6:133.
Spilomyia fusca, 7:229
Clematis flammula, see
bower, sweet-scented.
Clemens, Brackenridge, cited, 1:81,.
C2P Dole i) LOD 2 ae. aoe
Golo ue ot Mo co) 16052 te as
quoted, 11:157-58, 161.
Clementi, V., cited, 12:237.
Cleora crepuscularia (syn.
mia), 11:266.
pampinaria (Syn. Boarmia), 11:
2

SEE

Virgin’s.

Boar-

pulchraria, see Nepytia semiclu-
saria.
Cleridae, 4:142.
Clerus anilis, 4:142.
formicarius, 10:500; 14:38+4".
Cleveland academy of science,.
Transactions cited, 4:114.

_Clisiocampa ambisimilis, 11:265.

americana, depredations on
apple trees, 1:328; 3:85; 5:
152; 6:106; 7:215; destroying
eges of, 1:56; hermaphrodite
of, 7:220; reference, 1:85; 2:
83; 3:92, 147; 5:324; 6:165,
fle eal odor melo Oe oaoes
456, 461; 10:481, 495; 11:121,
265; 12:307,. 353, 360; °13:363%,
Sta 3 J4313% 528). 304" nape:
BOY, O04; BID S10, DOU, oa.
396°; remedies, 5:304; 10:441.

ealifornica, 11:265.

constricta, 8:296.

disstria (syn. C. sylvatica),
abundance in Washington co.,
NYS. “62106. 1663) 7 2308 = Di-

brachys -boucheanus’ (syn.
Semiotellus clisiocampae),
parasitic on, 6:186; feeding

on apple trees, 3:91-93, 147;
muscardine destroying, 4:178;
race erosa, 11:265; reference,

1:328; 2:83; 10:495; 11:265,
284; 13:372?; 14:344°, 3523,
359", 380°;. remedies, 3:93;
pare’ thoracica,. 112265, See

also Forest tent caterpillar.
pluvialis, 11:265.
sylvatica, see C. disstria.
thoracica, see C. disstria var.
clisiocampae, Semiotellus, see
brachys boucheanus.
clitellarius, Bythoscopus, see Tham-
notettix.
Thamnotettix (syn. Bythosco-
pus), 9:398, 410.

Di-

440

Clitocybe illudens, Phorid infesting,
£2:361,

clivicollis, Doryphora (syn. Chry-
somela trimaculata), 7:369; 14:
318°.

Cloaked Chrysomela, 1:331; 11:269.

Close wings, 1:40.

Clothes moth, 1:64; 4:1381, 138, 140,
1: espe ba Wear oy :
Clothilla picea, see Lepinotus piceus.

puisatoria (syn. Atropos pulsa-
torius), 1:162, 298, 316; 2:201,
202; 5:323; 14.:341°.
Clover, insects injurious to;

Blissus leucopterus, 2:4, 159;
Gaak

Bryobia pratensis, 6:161; 7:321-
24; 9:440. :

Cecidomyia leguminicola (syn.
C. trifolii Lintn.), 1:54; 2:
2; 4:12; 6:173, 178;- 184;
7:374, 378; 8:255, 256,
2637 LPsbbs 1523597." 14:
3235.
trifolii Loew. 6:184.
Grapholitha interstinctana, 10:
496; 11:152.
Heliothis armiger, 1:119.
Hylastes trifolii, 1:54; '7:378;

14,:323°.
Languria mozardi, 6:184.
Leucania unipuncta, 12:206,
309.

Meloe angusticollis, 6:130.

Nephelodes minians var.
lans, 1:103.

Noctua fennica (syn. Agrotis) 8;
326.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:84.

Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.

Oscinis trifolii, 6:184.

Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis)

vio-

52205.
Phytonomus meles var. trifolii,
1:248.
nigrirostris, 1:248.
punctatus, 1:247-51; 2:14;

5-272 312 596:182: 10:488.
Plusia brassicae, 2:91.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Pyralis costalis, 10:487; 11:149;
13 :358'.
faninalis,: Lietaae
Thrips, 11:247, 249.
tritiei, 1303.
mammoth, free: from Grapho-
litha, 11:155.
sweet, Thrips tabaci on, 11:244.
white, Grapholitha interstinctana
ms aa:

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Clover hay caterpillar or worm, 10:
487; 11:145-51; 12:357; 13:3583,
372'; 14:3787, 395°, 400°.

Clover insects, reference to publica-
tions on, 5:316; 11:149; 14.:339°.

Clover leaf midge, 6:184; 14:329°.

Clover leaf weevil, 1:247-53; 2:3; 4:
200; 5:272: 312;-6:182: 31a RAO:
488, 511; 14:3297, 336', 349°, 363%,
Bio one.

Clover mite, 7:321-24; 9:440; 10:450;
11:272; 18:3751; 14:374".

Clover root borer, 1:8, 54, 247; 6:
178, 184; 7:335; 14:326°, 329°.

Clover seed caterpillar, 10:496; 11:
152-56; 12:357; 14:381*; 395°.

Clover seed fly, 7:374, 376; 14:320°,
S205 S222:

Clover seed midge, abundance of, 5:
262-63; reference, 2:125; 4:65, 200;
6:178, 184; 8:268; 11:155; 138:359';
14:326°, 829°, 349°, 3637, 400°; .
remedies, 1:54; 4:12; Thrips
destroying eggs of, 2:31; 8:255.

Cluster fly, 2:117; 9:309-14, 439; 10:

498, 516; 18:370°; 14:375*, 383°,
398°.
clyton, Chlorippe (syn. Apatura
herse), 1:86.
Clytus agrestis, see Xylotrechus
colonus.
campestris, see Xylotrechus
colonus.

colonus, see Xylotrechus.

pictus, see Cyllene.

robiniae, see Cyllene.

Speciosus, see Plagionotus.
c-nigrum, Agrotis, see Noctua.

Noctua (syn. Agrotis), 1:8; 10:

482; 12:205.
cnotus, Otus, Sseée
myron.

coactus, Hristalis, see Mallota posti-
cata.

Cobb, N. A., cited, 10:454.

Coccidae Encyrtinae parasitie upon,
1:160; Fitch species of, 9:409, 413;
parasites of, studies upon, 1:18;
prolificacy, 4:187; reference, 1:
284, 300; 2:140, 230; 3:144; 7:370;
8:254; 9:381, 411, 447; 12:295, 298;
species attacking apple trees, 1:
331, 332; 11:271; species treated
of, 4:114-20; 6:141-47; 11:200-33;
12:292-98; studies of, 1:18; 4:168.

cocciformis, Parmula, see Microdon
globosus,

coccinea, Diedrocephala (syn. Pro-

conia quadrivittata), 9:395-86,
410.
Empoa, see Typhlocyba.
Typhlocyba (syn. Empoa), 9:
403, 410.

Ampelophaga

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Coccinella, five marked, 1:318.
Coccinella bimaculata, see Adalia
bipunctata.
bipunctata, see Adalia.
borealis, see Epilachna.

decemmaculata, see Megilla
maculata.

maculata, see Megilla.

novemnotata, 7:382; 11:276;
12:361.

quinquenotata, see C. transver-
soguttata.

sanguinea, 7:382; 8:300.
transversoguttata (syn. C. 5-
notata), 1:318.

Coccinellidae, colonizing of, for
plant lice, 1:61; herbivorous
habits of some species, 2:233-34;
4,:81-83; '7:217, 310-11; preying
on pine bark Chermes, 2:186;
preying on plant lice, 5:254; 6:
118; 8:275; 10:429; preying on
Seale insects, 7:341; reference, 11:
106; 12:308; 13:362%; species treat-
ed of, 4:80-84; 6:117-19.

coccineus, Adelges, see Chermes
strobilobius. .

coccophila, Sphaerostilbe, 13:368°.

Coceotorus prunicida, see C. scutel-

ACS,
seutellaris (syn. C. prunicida),
Ag 1A 270.
Coceus, 2:140, 183; 9:447; 14:311°. .
i aceris, see Pulvinaria innumera-

bilis.
arborum-linearis, see Mytilaspis
pomorum.
eacti, 11:201.
hesperidum, erroneous’ refer-

ence of Pulvinaria innumera-
bilis Rathv.
innumerabilis, see Pulvinaria.
maclurae Kenn., see Pulvinaria.
pinicorticis, see Chermes.
pyrus-malus, see Mytilaspis
pomorum.
salicis, see Lecanium.
tiliae, see Lecanium tulipiferae.
ulmi, see Gossyparia.
Coccygus americanus, see- Cuckoo,
yellow billed.
erythropthalmus,
a black billed,
Cochineal, from Coccus cacti, 11:
201.
eochrani, Agrotis,
messoria.
Cockechafer, 1:305. ;
Cockerell, T. D. A., cited, 7:256; 10:
At oo. 11 3146, 232,:283. 250; 12:193,
298; 183:353+.

see Cuckoo,

see Carneades

AAI

Cockle bur, Hydroecia nitela (syn.
Gortyna) on, 1:112.

Cockroach, 1:62, 65, 79, 348; 4:126,
1592 Pha 352.

Cockroach killer, 7:325.

Cockscoinb elm gall, 3:126; 4:198,.
204, 208; 5:3038, 326; 7:370; 14:
318°, 346%, 3497, 352%, 354+.

cocles, Apatura, see Chlorippe.

Chlorippe (Syn. Apatura), 5:317;.
14:306°; 339%, >. >

Codling moth, attacking quinces, 2:

_ 11; habits in detail, 9:338-42; Mer-
mis parasitic on, 4:127; paris
green and bordeaux mixture for,
9:485; reference, 1:8, 11, 329; 2:
14, 120, 128, 125, 229; 3:144; 4:
103,-952; 185+ 52300; 305,321; 6:
154; 7:307, 310, 348; 8:274; 9:296;
10:391, 498; 11:120, 133, 266, 279;
14:333°, 344°, 353°, 378’, ~ 383%;
remedies, 1:35, 60, 167; spraying
for, 9:417, 483; 10:487, 488; Tele-
phorus bilineatus feeding on the
larvae of, 8:174.

Coe, A. J., cited, 8:141.

Coelidia olitoria, see Jassus oli-

torius.
subbifasciata,
torius.

Coelodasys unicornis, see Schizura.

Coelopa frigida, 4:174.

coenia, Junonia, 7:381.

Coffee leaf miner, 1:161.

cognataria, Amphidasys, see Lycia.

Lycia (syn. Amphidasys), 2:97-
101, 227; 9:456; 11:266; 14:
alot, ool, o4o..

Colaspidea smaragdula, 11:269.

Colaspis brunnea, 1:321; 6:183.

Colastes, parasite of Gossyparia,
12:293. :

Cole, T. A., insects from, 8:297; 10:
DADs A W287,

Coleman, N., cited, 2:57; 69; 7:225.

Coleman, W. H., insects from, 9:
463; 10:518; 11:287; 13:3714, 371°.

Coleman’s Rural world cited, 10:388.

Coleophora, 1:166; 5:324; '7:347, 361;

8:264, 297; 9:374; 10:510, 516.
anatipennella, of Europe, 1:163.
fletcherella, 9:374; 10:510; 11:

267; 12:307, 3860.
malivorella, 1:163-67, 329; 2:
S22 (GWA: OnlOda tae Lae

28-297! 11-122, 2673 242326",

Bal ood. ots
multipulvella, see C. malivorel-

see Jassus ofi-

la.
species, 14:365*,
Coleoptera, antennal furrows of, 1:
69; chalcids parasitic on, 1:160;

442

classification of, 1:78, 79; 4:167, -

190; contributions of, 3:141; 4:
207-8; 5:325; 6:188-89; '7:382-83;

8:298-99; 9:462-63; 10:510-11, 516-
17; 11:285-87; 12:361-62; de-
scription of larval forms, 1:22;

Glover’s work on, 1:19; Gordius
parasitic on, 4:126; injurious to
apple trees, list of, 1:380-31; 11:
267-70; injurious to hemlock, list
of, 4:20-24; larvae in U. S. nat.
museum; 9:354; Le Baron’s work
on, 1:17; Le Conte’s work on, 4:
9-10; number of species described,
4:164, 181; oviposition of, 1:74;
reference, 10:475; 12:320; scarcity
of, in 1893, 10:377; species treat-
ed of, 1:227-63; 2:46-55, 125-44;
4:88-107, 155-56; 5:227-42, 266-73;
6:117-36; '7:246-96, 310-17; 8:1783-
77, 197-207, 302; 9:299-309, 465-66;
10:406-20; 11:172-98; 12:235-72.
Coleopterous larvae, number of
described species, 4:180-81.
coleoptrata, Cermatia, see Scutigera
forceps.
Coleothrips trifasciata,
248, 250.
Coles, Isaac, insects from,”°4:207.
Coleus, Leptocoris trivittatus on,
10:488.
Colias chrysotheme,
eurytheme. .
edusa, form of Eurymus eury-
theme.
nastes, see Hurymus philodice.
phicomone, see Hurymus philo-
dice
philodice, see Hurymus.
santes, see Hurymus philodice.
collaris, Euchaetes, see Cycnia ten-
era.
Collembola, 2:209; 11:252.
Collier, Peter, insects from, 6:186;
9:468; 10:511; 11:205.
Collingwood, H. W., cited, 11:238.
Collins, J. Ds insects from, 5:325;
11 :284.
colon, Chiropachys, 4:105.
colonus, Callidium, see Xylotrechus.
Clytus, see Xylotrechus.
Xylotrechus (syn. Callidium,
Clytus, C. agrestis, C. cam-
pestris), 4:93-96, 194; 14:347’,
oD.
Colopha, 3:151.
compressa, see

303.5 Lis

see Hurymus

Colopha_ ulmi-

cola.
ulmicola (syn. C. compressa,
Brysocrypta, Glyphina), 8:

126-28, 151; 5:303; '7:370; 14:
318’, 346°, 3497, 352+, 346%, 354+,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Colorado agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 10:483;
11:182, 242; 138:353°%; Report cited,
12:198.

coloraria, Aspilates, see Catopyr-
rha.
Catopyrrha (syn. Aspilates),11: -
254.

columba, Tremex, see Tremex co-
lumba.
columbia, Gryllotalpa (syn.G. longi-
pennis), 6:151.
Samia, 1:86.
Columbine, insects on;
Hydroecia rutila
tyna), 1:115.
Phytomyza species, 4:79; '7:246.
Colvin, Verplanck, insects from,
9:463.
Comb horned fish fly, 8:155-59, 300;
10:497.
comes, Typhlocyba (syn. Erythron-
eura vitifex), 8:287.
comes var. basilaris, Typhlocyba
(syn. T. affinis, Hrythroneura afii-
nis), 9:403, 410.
comes var. vitis, Typhlocyba (syn.
Erythroneura, Tettigonia and Ty-
phlocyba vitis); 2:30; 43199: 5:
302; 7:345; 8:116, 254, 287; 9:403,
410; 12:368; 14:348°, 349°, 35385,
less:
comma, Grapta, see Polygonia.
Grapta, form dryas, see Poly-
gonia.
Polygonia (syn. Grapta, also
form dryas) 4:1387; 8:187; 10:
507; 11:284; 18:371°; 14:309°.
Comma butterfly, 8:187.

(Syn. Gor-

Commissioner of agriculture, see
United States department of
agriculture.

Commissioner of patents, agricul-
ture, Report cited, 1:116, 227; 2:
102, 125; 4:114; 9:317; 10:408. See
also United States department of
agriculture.

Commissioners of the zoological
survey of Massachusetts, Report
cited, 1:227.

communis, Helochara, 9:396, 410.

Melanotus, 1:68, 330; 8:198, 199,
200;° 114267,

Panorpa, 10:465, 466, 477.

Psoroptes (syn. P. equi), 7:362;

14:3661.
complanatus, Julus, see Polydesmus
serratus.
Polydesmus, 3:133, 142, 153; 12:
801, 349.

Compositae, used as insecticides, 2:
34.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Compositae, insects feeding on or
frequenting;
Adalia bipunctata, 6:118.
' Anthomyiidae, 1:168.
Beet leaf miners, 1:204.
Eepantheria ocularia (Syn. EH.
seribonia), 12:189.
Grapholitha interstinctana, 11:

155.

Phymata wolffii (syn. P. erosa),
3:107.

Phytomyza chrysanthemi (P.

lateralis in error), 4: 73, 76,
77; 9:421.
Syrphidae, 1:211.

compressa, Colopha, see C. ulmicola.

Compsidea tridentata, see Saperda.

comptus, Phytonomus, 1:248.

Comrade palmer worm, 1:329.

Comstock. J. H., cited, 12152) 216,
239, 254; 2:118, 142; 4:28, 80, 115;
6:147; 10:388; 11:109, 127, 1834,
pee 12-235; insects: from,
10:515; notes on ant lions by,
11:288; quoted, 11:153, 206; In-
troduction to entomology, cited, 5:
Peep ela2 £55, . 1603; '-9:327,. 330;
10:478; 11:241, 249; 18:352°%; Re-
port upon cotton insects cited, 1:
116; 10:405; 12:190.

Comstock, J. H. and A. B., Manual
for the study of insects, abstract of
review, 11:277; 14:388'; cited, 10:
378, 389, 405, 408, 454, 478; 11:110,
135, 147, 178, 241, 250; 12:193, 218,
230, 235, 238, 268, 273,344; 13:344°;
referred to, 12:182.

Comstock, J. H. and Slingerland,
M. V., cited, 10:454.

comyntas, Everes (syn. Lycaena),

4,:137.
Lycaena, see Everes.

Conallen, M. J., insects from, 11:
288.

eoneava, Entilia, see Publilia.

Publilia (syn. Entilia),
410.
Telamona, 9:390.
concavum, Platyphyllum, see Cyrto-
phyllus concavus.

concavus, Cyrtophyllus (syn. Platy-

phyllum), 3:135; 5:323; 6:189;
11:284; 12:363; 14.:341°.
Lixus, 1:260; 9:463; 10:511.
conchiformis, Aspidiotus, see Myti-

laspis pomorum.
Lepidosaphes, see
pomorum.
concinna, Notodonta, see Schizura.
Oedemasia, see Schizura.
Schizura, see Schizura concinna.
concolor, Pemphredon, 8:163.

9:387,

Mytilaspis

443

concumbens, Catocala, 1:90.
Cone flower, Thrips tabaci on, 11:
245,
confertus, Polycaon, 1:330;
11:268..
conformis, Chortophila, 1:209.
Musca, see Chortophila.
confusa, Callimorpha, see Haploa.
Haploa (syn. Callimorpha), 7:

Qala ks

219.
Morrisonia, 1,0:482; 11:265.
confusor, Monohammus, 2:49-51,

55; 4:23, 207; 5:325; 6:188; 9:463;
LOIN Pode 37122238 Sel.

confusum, Tribolium, 12:362.

confusus, Limonius, 6:188; '7:351,
Soles ior Ee oop.

congregatus, Apanteles, 2:229; 4:

20% 202) nd AE 30%. 324:
364; 8:111,.187; 9:461; 10:509,
ISA THAD: T8854 1359s oe
So ODS Oe Ker OO nice an
var. atalantae, Apanteles (Syn.
Microgaster atalantae), 2:39.
var. pieridis, Apanteles (syn.
Microgaster pieridis), 3:135.
var. rufocoxalis, Apanteles
(syn. A. rufocoxalis), 9:461.
coniferarum, Hllema, 9:449.
Hymenopsyche, see Thyridop-
teryx ephemeraeformis.

Coniodes plumigeraria (Syn. Boar-
mia), 10:494; 11:266; 14:380°.

Coniothecium saccharinum, a fun-
gus, 12:295.

Connecticut agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 12:
254; Report cited, 11:242, 250; 12:
194.

Connecticut (Storrs) agricultural
experiment station, Bulletin cited,
12:254.

Conopid fly, 5:285. ,

Conorhinus sanguisugus, 4:111; 5:
316; 14:339'.

Conotrachelus crataegi, 2:11; 4:15,

87, 208; 5:316; 6:181; 10:419-
20) 51 122352 54-328) Sa0%,”
e505 ade:

nenuphar, bred from _ black
knot, 5:280; damages by, 2:
13-14; 3:85; 9:297; detailed
account, 7:288-96; oviposition
of, '7:295-96; reference, 1:331;
2:6, 11; 4:201; 9:422, 440; 11:

ODE + QOS «ODO Fie hae aor chee
remedies, 1:57; 6:201; '7:289-
95.

conquisitor, Pimpla, 1:85, 86; 5:310;
11:134, 188; 14:358°.

consimilis, Bombus, 11:104.

consobrinus, Culex (syn. C. impa-
tiens, C. punctor), 12:321.

444

constricta, Aeschna, 11:284.
Clisiocampa, 8:296.
contaminellus, Crambus, 1:150, 151.
contigua, Chrysobothris, 11:267.
contracta, Datana, 11:264, .
contrariana, Penthina, see P. nim-
batana.
contubernalellus, Chaetochilus, see
Ypsolophus pometellus.
Ypsolophus, see Y. pometellus.
convergens, Hippodamia, 3:153; 5:

249-50, 257; 7:382; 11:282; 14:
390°. ;
convexipennis, Cucullia, 9:450, 455;

14:311°, 313+.

convolutella, Dakruma, see Zopho-
dia.

Convolvulus, Coptocycla bicolor
(syn. C. aurichalcea) on, 1:306; 6:
125,

Cook, A. J., cited, 1:184, 194, 228; 2:
57, 118; -4:28; 5:234; "7:256, 321;
11:146, 152, 248; 12:192; 13:352';
on arsenical spraying of blossoms,
11:118; referred to, 11:117; ian-
ual of the apiary cited, 14:355°.

Cooke, Matthew, cited, 4:115; quoted,
11:222; Injurious insects of the
orchard, vineyard, field, garden, etc.
cited, 11:127;, 134,222, 232, '249;
12:191, 218; Treatise on the insects
injurious to fruit and fruit trees of
the state of California cited, 11:
Dae

Cookingham, P. D., insects from,

10:518.

Cooledge, T. J., insects from, 11:
286, 288.

Cooley, J. A., insects from, 4:207.

Cooley, R. A., cited, 12:254; 13:341',
344°.

Coombs, M. B., quoted, 13:3597.

Coon, H. C., insects from, 4:207; 6:
£873: 7 383; 10:517, 519:

Cooper, G. L., insects from, 11:267.
Cooper, Mrs J. M., insects from, 8:
298.

copalina, Orthaltica, 5:271; 14:363°.
Copidosoma, 1:156.
trunecatellum, 3:140.
copiosa, Chloropisca, 4:70.
Coprini, 3:102.
Copris, 7:254.
anaglypticus, 10:516.
coprophila, Sciara, 10:391, 397; 12:
351; 14:308°, 378°, 3937.
Coptocycla aurichalcea, see C. bi-
color.
bicolor (syn. C. aurichalcea, C,
punctata, Cassida aurichal-
cea); attacking sweet potato
vines, 1:306; 2:223; 6:125-26;
7:363, 876; reference, 1:306;

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

61275 F877; S298) 143307
aoe. oe 366*, 867°; remedies,
1:33)

ees 1 30, Of3 5Ea225 °6 226.
127; 7:382; ‘9.454; 13 :374; 14:
325°, 3415, 367°.

guttata, see C. signifera.

punctata, see C. bicolor.

signifera (syn. C. guttata), 6
127; 7369; 14318"

coquebertii, Otiocerus, 1:298; 9:386.

Coquillet, D. W., cited, 1:116; 5:193,
207, 213; 10:389, 405; 11-177, 232,
242; 12:191,. 205, ‘273: “msects:
from, 7:382; referred to, 12:321.

Corbett, John, insects from, 4:206.

Cordiceps ravenelii, 8:298.

Cordulegastrina, 4: 176.

Cordylopeza nigrinodis, see Galasa
rubidana.

Coreidae, 10:432-39.

Coretha, 12:231.

Coreus linearis, see Lygus pratensis.

Coriander, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:
92.

Corimelaena puliearia, 5:319; 8:212-
14, 288; 10:497; 14:340°, 3715,
382°.

Corisiae, 11:248.

Corisidae, 2:31.

Cork, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:92.

Corn, insects injurious to;

Agriotes mancus, 4:207.
Blissus leucopterus, 1:7,
S51 P1456:
Calandra oryzae, 7:362, 383.
Chelymorpha argus, 4:201; 14:
350°.
Crambus species, 4:14, 206.
zeéllus, 4:14.
cut worm, 5:312.
Diabrotica 12-punctata, 7: 217;
12:348.
longicornis, 12:348.
Epicauta pennsylvanica, 6:136.
vittata, 6:133.

3023.

Euphoria inda, 1:2359%62ifec
$:295; 10:508; 12:314;> 14:
3175385": ;

Gortyna species, 9:447.
Heliothis armiger, 2:2; 6:185;.
7:216, 262; °18:366°; 14397
Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gor-
tyna) - 17112; ‘2:226;<7S3ag5
5:304, 324; 6:168, 176; 8:112,
191-92; 9:447; 14:332°, 354°,

360°.
Julus caeruleocinctus, 10:446.
impressus, 3:132.
Lathridius ruficollis (syn. TL.
pulicarius), 6:184; 14:330%.
Leptoglossus oppositus, 3:153.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Corn, insects injurious to;
Leucania unipuncta,
198, 206, 309.
species, 9:457.
Lygus pratensis, 13:352°.
Macrodactylus subspinosus,
I :229; 4:15, 199.
Megilla maculata, 2:233; 4:80;
14:336°.
Melanoplus spretus (Syn. Calop-
tenus), 1:7.
Mesographa polita, 7:233.
Monomorium pharaonis (syn.
M. molestum), 10:366.
| Murgantia histrionica, 1:265.
Nephelodes minians var. vio-
lans, 1:104.
Noctua clandestina (syn. Agro-
tis), 8:235.
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro-
tis), 5:205. :

12:197,

Phorbia fusciceps (syn. An-
thomyia zeae), 1:199.

Sibine stimulea (syn. Hmpre-
tia), 6:187.

Sitotroga cerealella, 2:106; 10:
380.

Sphenophorus sculptilis (syn. S.
venatus, S. zeae), 1:254, 260,
305, 318; 2:16, 52, 231; 6:178;
7:376.

Systena taeniata (Syn. S. blan-
da), 4:155, 198; 9:344.

Thrips cerealium, 11:249.

wire worms, 12:347, 361.

Xylophasia arctica (syn. Mam-

eStra), 9:447; 14:311.
devastatrix (syn. Hadena),
8:235.

Zabrus gibbus, 8:99. °

Corn bug, 1:233, 260, 310.

Corn eurculio, 1:253-63; 6:178; 14:
3223, 326°, 3367.

Corn cut worm, 5:312; 14:337', 366°,

Corn grubs, 9:353, 356.

Corn insects, 4:80, 82.

Corn maggot, black headed, 10:388.

Corn root worm, northern, 12:348;
14:391°; southern, 12:348; 14:
3915.

Corn saw fly, 3:88; 7:334.

Corn worm, 1:8, 116-26; 6:168, 185;
7:216, 363; 14:330°, 360°.

Cornell university agricultural ex-
periment station, Bulletin cited,
9:318; 10:454; 11:205, 249; 12:194,
254; 13:335°, 353’; Department of
entomology, Report cited, 4:115;
6:147; 10:454; 11:160.

cornicola Haematobia, see H. ser-

rata.

Stomoxys, see Haematobia ser-

rata.

445

cornifoliae, Aphis, 9:405, 412.
cornifoliella Antispila, 11:157, 159.
Corning, Erastus, jr, insects from,
4:206, 208; 6:187; 7:381; 8:300.
Cornus, see Dogwood.
cornuta, Corydalis, 4:208; 5:326; 7:
254; 8:107, 156, 158, 159-62,
300; 10:490, 497, 501, 512; 11:
. 288; 14:3794, 3824, 3857.
Hemerebius, see Corydalis.
Raphidia, see Corydalis,

Cornwell, R. C. de V., insects from,
13:3715.

Correspondenz Blatt cited, 2:116.

corrusea, EHllychnia, 9:463.

Corsair, black, 4:109, 111; 14:357°.

two spotted, 4:112.
corticalis, Chermes, of Europe, 2:
184.
Tenebrioides, 11:267.

Corycia vestaliata, see
donia.

Corydalis cornuta, 4:208; 5:326; 7:
254; 8:107, 156, 158, 159-62, 300;
10:490, 497, 501, 512; 11:288; 14:
379%, 382%, 3857.

coryli, Telamona (syn. T. tristis),
9:391, 410.

Corylus americana, see Hazel.

Corymbites caricinus, 11:267.

Corythuca arcuata (Syn. Tingis), 1:

Blade £:108 5, 11-270.

ciliata, 4:107-19, 208; 14:357°.
juglandis, 4:108.

polygrapha, 4:109.

species, 11:270.

Coscinoptera dominicana, 11:269.

Cosmopepla carnifex (syn. Cimex),
2:144-47; 9:458; 14:314°%, 342°,

Cossidae, 2:216; 5:311; 14:3368.

Cossus centerensis, 2:216; 3:140; 7:

| oles S:204;: 14:3077, S17, 3207...
erepera, See Prionoxystus robi-
niae.
ligniperda, erroneous reference
of Thyridopteryx ephemerae-
formis,
plagiatus, see
robiniae.
querciperda, see
macmurtrei.
reticulatus, see
robiniae.
robiniae, see Prionoxystus.
undosus, 7:375; 14:3075, 3221.
costalis, Asopia, see Pyralis.
Hypsopygea, see Pyralis.
Phalaena, see Pyralis.
Pyralis, see Pyralis costalis.

Cotalpa lanigera, 6:183; 11:268; 14:
Seon:

Cotoneaster, Aspidiotus
sus on, 11:224.

Orthofi-

Prionoxystus
Prionoxystus

Prionoxystus

pernicio-

446

Cotton, insects injurious to;
Aletia argillacea, 1:7, 35.
Chauliognathus marginatus, 4:
84.
Dysdercus suturellus, 2:166; 6:
183.
Ecpantheria ocularia (syn E.
scribonia), 12:183.
Euphoria inda, 1:235.
Heliothis armiger, 1:117.
Largus succinctus, 2:166.
Systena frontalis, 9:344.
taeniata (syn. S. blanda),
4:155, 198, 207; 9:344;
14:348°.
Thrips, 11:248, 250.
Cotton stainer, 2:166; 6:183.
Cotton worm, Carolina Mantis prey-
ing on, 4:158, 161; estimated loss
by, 1:7-8; 12:341-42; parasites of,
1:85, 86; Pennsylvania soldier
beetle preying on, 9:345; refer-
ence, 1:40, 58, 117, 226; 10:467;
11:138; reference to work of U. S.
ent. comm. on, 4:177, 192; reme-
dies, 1:37, 38; 3:37; sensitiveness
to paris green, 1:35.
Cotton worm moth (Aletia argilla-
cea), 1:58, 117, 328; 2:220; 4:206;

2 bd 26G:

Cottonwood, insects injurious to;
Cicada septendecim, 2:176.
Melasoma scripta (syn. Lina),

O00; T1183:
Oberea bimaculata, 5:233.
Pemphigus populi-transversus,
LS:3G67?:
Trichiocampus viminalis (syn.
Aulacomerus lutescens), 4:44.
Wollastonia quercicola, 2:53.
Cottonwood leaf beetle, 10:517; 11:
1038, 181-89; 12:357; 14,:3845, 3957.
Cottony cushion scale, 4:187; 5:326;
6:104; 7:340; 11-271.
Couch, Charles, insects from, 7:382.
Council of Philadelphia, Report on

insects injurious to vegetation
(Leidy) cited, 6:147.
Country gentleman, numerous ab-

Sstracts occur near the end of each
report and frequent citations mry

* be found under most insects
treated.

Courier and freeman cited, 1:127.

Cow bird feeding on army worm,
12:209.

Cow horn fly (Haematobia serrata),
see Horn fly.

Cow pea Bruchus, 7:270.

Cowdry, N. H., cited 12:237.

Cox, Samuel, insects from, 9:462.

coxendix, Oscinis, 1:225.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM .

Coy, C. H., insects from, 9:464.

Crab apple, Siberian, Odentota dor-
salis feeding on, 12:266.

Crabonidae, 5:284.

Crambidae, 1:150; 6:181; 12:204.

Crambodes talidiformis, 10:482.

Crambus, 1:99, 100, 127, 139, 146,

147, 148, 150; 4:206.
dried, 1:149-51; 14:335°%
vagabond, 1:58, 110, 127-49,
151; 2:2, 114; 6:182; 44:235%

Crambus alpinellus, 1:150.

chalybirostris, see C. vulgivagel-
lus.

contaminellus, 1:150, 151.

eraterellus, 1:150.

culmellus, 1:141, 150, 151.

dumetellus, 1:150.

ericellus, 1:150.

exsiccatus, see C. trisectus.

fascelinellus, 1:151.

furcatellus, 1:150.

fuscisquamelius, 1:151.

geniculus, 1:151.

hamellus, 1:150.

inquinatellus, 1:150.

latistrius, 1:150.

lithargyrellus, 1:150.

margaritelilus, 1:150.

myellus, 1:150.

pascuellus, 1:450.

perlellus, 1:150.

silvellus, 1:150.

trisectus (syn. C. exsiecatus), 1:
136, 138, 149-51; 14:328*, 335°.

uliginosellus, 1:150.

> (Enetus; That:

verellus, 1:150.

vulgivagellus (syn. C. chaly-
birostris); abundance of, 1:
133-34, 1386, 140; alarm ex-
cited by attack, 1:1383-34; as-
sociated with Nephelodes, 1:
99; delayed pupation, 1:138T-
38; description of stages, 1:
134, 188, 141; detailed ac-
count, 1:127-49; life history,
1:136-39, 144; natural ene-
mies, 1:144-47; ravages, 1:
127-32, 135, 143: -2:2> Geese
ence, 1:100, 109, 151; 2:114;
6:182, 183; 14:327° .328) aeue
329%, 329*, 335°; remedies, 1:
53, 148-49.

warringtonellus, 1:150, 151.

zeéllus, 4:14.

Cramer, Pieter, Papillons exotiques
des tres partes du monde cited, 5:
174; 11:126. i

Cranberry, insects injurious to;

Clastoptera obtusa, 5:245
Leucania unipuncta, 12:123, 198,
206.

a

’

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Crane, Mrs H. D., insects from, 3:
142; 7:384.,

Crangonyx gracilis, 9:348.

mucronatus, 8:279, 300; 9:347-

49; 10:498, 519; 14:369°, 383°.
Crannell, E. S., insects from, 12:361.

Crannell, Monroe, insects from, 4:
DOD:

Craponius inaequalis, 2:33; 8:286,
299; 9:364, 365; 10:498; 14:372°,
383".

erassifemoris, Oscinis, 1:225.

crassipes, Gamasus, 11:259.

Cratacanthus dubius, 12:209.

erataegella, Lithocolletis, see L. po-
mifoliella.

erataegi, Anthonomus, see Pseud-
anthonomus.

Cecidomyia, of Hurope, 7:308,
364; 14:367?.

Conotrachelus, 2:11; 4:15, 87,
208; 5:316; 6:181; 10:419-20,
eapers. 12 :7352> 14:328°,
BH: 395°.
Lochmaea (Syn. Galeruca san-
guinea), 11:197.
Pseudanthonomus (syn. Anthon-
omus), 1:331; 11:270.
Thelia 1:284, 9:392, 11:270.
var, pretiosa, Catocala (syn. C.
pretiosa), 7:375; 8:292; 14:
S0t. olo 321%
erataegifoliae, Aphis, 9:406, 412.
crataegifoliella, Ornix, 11:267.
Crataegus, see Hawthorn.
oxyacantha, gall on, 7:308.
tomentosa, see Thorn, black.
craterellus, Crambus, 1:150.
Cratotechus orgyiae (syn. Tricho-
gramma), 1:303; 2:79.
_ Craw, A., cited, 12:293.
Crawfish, blind, 9:348.
Crawrord KF... S., cited,
Report on Fusicladiums,
Australia cited, 10:453.
Cremastogaster cerasi, see C. line-
olata var. cerasi.
lineolata, var. cerasi 10:365-66,

10:408;
etc., im

‘491; 14:379+.
crenulata, Lachnosterna, 1:330; 11:
268.
Orthodes (syn. O. infirma),
1:340.
crepera, Cossus, see Prionoxystus

robiniae.

Crepidodera cucumeris, see Epitrix.
erythropus, see C. rufipes.
helxines, 4:102, 196; 11:269.
rufipes (syn. Altica, C. erythro-

pus), 4:101-3, 196; 11:269; 14:
348°, 357°.

B09",

447

Crepis, Plusia brassicae on, 2:91.
crepuscularia, Boarmia, see Cleora.
Cleora (syn. Boarmia), 11:266.
ecresphontes, Heraclides (syn. Pa-
.pilio), 9:336-87, 461; 10:498,
515; 14,:383".
Papilio, see Heraclides.
Cresson, E. T., cited, 4:35; referred
to, 12:308; studies of bees, 11:103,
104; Synopsis of the families and
genera of the Hymenoptera of North
America cited, 4:35, 42; 5:164, 173;
11:109; 13:335°, 338°, 340°.

| eressoni, Urocerus, see U. cressoni.

Cressonia juglandis (syn. Smerin-
thus), 10:508; 14.:309°.

eretata, Saperda, 1:331; 11:269.

Crickets, 1:40, 79; 2:1, 36; 4:126,

165, 190.

common black, 8:179; 10:497;
14:282?.

mole, 2:233; 6:149-51; 10:519;

12:363; 14:335', 3687.
snowy, 1:315.
Crioceridae, 1:248, 244.
Crioceris asparagi, see Asparagus

beetle.
calmariensis, see Galerucella
luteola. '
trilineata, see Lema.
12-punctata, see Asparagus

beetle, 12-spotted.
crispata, Lagoa, see Megalopyge.
Megalopyge (syn. Lagoa), 4:52,
58, 54; 5:186, 188; 9:452; 11:
264; 14:312?,
Crispell, C. W., insects from, 5:324,
326.
cristatus, Cimex, see Prionidus.
Prionidus (syn. Cimex, Priono-
tus), 2:230; 4:18; 5:316; 6:138-
41; 8:294; 14:317', 333°, 3397,
3687.

Prionotus, see Prionidus.
crocallata, Tetracis, 10:483,
crocataria, Angerona, see Xantho-

type.

Xanthotype (syn. Angerona), 4:

206; 10:483.

Crocus, Anthrenus
on, 5:267. :

Crophius disconotus, 11:270.

Cross, T. E., insects from, 6:186.

Crotch, G. R., cited, 4:80, 101, 155;
Check list of the Coleoptera of
America_north of Mexico cited, 1:
228, 233, 289; 2:182; 4:80; 7:255;
11:181.

Croton bug, 1:62, 65, 79, 348; 4:121,
1325 1390" 52295" T-326:

Croton bug killer, '7:326.

Crow, A. E., on Cicada, 12:284.

scrophulariae

448

Crow, M. L., on Cicada.pupae, 12:
284.

Crow feeding on Cicada pupae, 12:
288.

Crowe, David, insects from, 6:189;
Te Bie

cruciarius, Ixodes, 6:158.

eruciferarum, Plutella, 1:322.

Crustaceans, 4:202; 9:347-49, 466;

10:519; 11:288; 14:351°.

crypticus, Glyptoscelis, 1:331; 11:

269. .

Cryptocampus angustus, 13:336°.
saliceti, 13:336°,

Cryptohypnus abbreviatus, 8:200.

Cryptolechia schlaegeri, see Steno-

ma.

Crypturgus atomus, see C. pusillus.
mali, see Monarthrum. ~
pusillus (syn. C. atomus), 4:20,

24.

Cryptus inquisitor, see Pimpla.
mundus, 1:147.
smithii (syn. Hemiteles), 1:86.
Ctenucha latreillana, see C. virgini-
ca.
virginica (syn. C. latreillana),
1:317; 9:456; 14:318°.
Cuckoo, feeding on Cicada, 12:289.
black billed (Coecygus ery-
thropthalmus), 2:82,
yellow billed (Coccygus ameri-
canus), 2:82.
Cucujidae, 3:100: 11:267.
cucullata, Tettix, 2:197.
Cucullia asteroides, 9:455; 10:482;

14:313%.

convexipennis, 9:450, 455; 14: |
a5 ee

florea, 9:456; 14:316°.

intermedia, 7:375; 9:450; 14:
Saeles Soles

laetifica, 7:375; 8:292; 14:307’,
la e ooaes

lucifuga, 9:450.

_serraticornis, 9:456; 14:307%,

18°.

speyeri, 9:456; 14:307', 313%.
Cucumber, insects, etc., injurious
to;
Anasa tristis, 2:29.
Aphis gossypii (Syn. A. cucum-
eris), 8:211.
Corimelaena pulicaria, 8:218.
cut worms, 5:157.
Dactylopius citri (syn. D. de-
structor), 3:138.
Diabrotica 12-punctata, 12:348.
vittata, 2:28, 29;.4:103;, 5:
159; 7:367; 9:361, 362;10:
413.
Hpitrix cucumeris, 1:65; 2:29
Julus species, 1:307.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Cucumber, insects, etc., injurious to;
Leucania unipuncta, 12:206.
Margaronia hyalinata (Syn. Hu-

dioptis, Phakellura), 5:
320; 11:186.
nitidalis (Syn.
Phakellura),
1307 LS Ae
Melittia satyriniformis (syn. M.
cucurbitae), 5:320.
* Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Polydesmus complanatus, 3:133.
serratus, 12:301.
Smynthurus hortensis, 2:207.
Thrips tabaci, 11:244.

Cucumber beetle, striped, eating
into pear buds, 4:103; reference,
1:33, 244, 296, 316, 32275 350-5o2
235; 7:337, 367; 8:250; 9:419; 10:
498; 11:269; 12:352; 14:360°, 362%,
3691, 383", 393*; remedies, 2:28, 29;
6:169; 7:367-68; 9:361-64; 10:418-
14.

Cucumber flea beetle, 1:33, 244;
4:156; 5:271; 10:489; 11:269; 13:
373°; 14:378°%. :

Cucumber moth, 5:320.

Cucumber plant louse, 11:168.

cucumeris, Aphis, see A. gossypii.
Cecidomyia, see Diplosis.
Crepidodera, see Epitrix.
Diplosis (syn. Cecidomyia), 5:

806; 8:212; 11:165, 168; 12:

857; 14:308°, 355°, 395°.
Epitrix (syn. Crepidodera), 1:

33, 65, 195, 244; 2:29; 4:156;.

EKudioptis,
5 3205 ee

5:271; .10:489; 11:269; 13:
373°; 14:378°.
eucurbitae, Aegeria, see Melittia.
satyriniformis.
Melittia, see M. satyriniformis.
cucurbitaphidis, Lysiphlebus, 11:

167.
Cucuyo, 11:174-77; 12:357, 362; 14:
395’.
Culex, 1:191; 12:320, 321, 325, 326,
Beals
ciliatus, see Psorophora.
consobrinus (syn. C. impatiens,
C. punctor), 12:321.
damnosus, see C. taeniorhyn-
chus.
excitans, 12:321.
excrucians, 12:321.

fasciatus (Syn. ©. mosquito),
12:331.

hyemalis, see Anopheles puncti-
pennis.

impatiens, see C. consobrinus.

impiger (syn. C. implacabilis),.
12:321.

implacabilis, see C. impiger.

a
aie

INDEX TO: ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 449

Culex mosquito, see C. fasciatus. ~
perturbans, 12:321. —
pipiens, 12:321, 327. —
provocans, 12:321.
punetor, see ©. consobrinus.
pungens, 12:321.
rufus, 12:327.
' stimulans, 12:321.
taeniorhynchus (syn. C. damno-
sus), 12:321.
ulicidae, 2:112; 7:315;12:320, 321,
334
culmellus, Crambus, 1:141, 15v, 151,
eulta, Plusia, 2:97; 14:307°.
Cultivator cited, 1: 227, 253; 2:102.
Cultivator and country gentleman
see Country gentleman.
ecunea, Hyphantria, 1:57, 306, 328;
2:88; 3:93; 9:295, 422; 11:264.
euniculi, Cuterebra, 7:367, 382; 14:
368°.
Cunningham, H. D., insects from,
11 :287.
¢cupida, Agrotis, see Rhynchagrotis
-anchocelioides.
Curculio, apple, see Apple tree cur-
culio.
plum, see Plum curculio.

Curculio nenuphar, see Conotrach-

elus.
noveboracensis, see Ithycerus.
ovatus, see Otiorhynchus.
pimpinellae, 1:248.
pisorum, see Bruchus.
proboscideus, see Balaninus.
punctatus, see Phytonomus.
Curculionid, infesting elm, 12:246.
Curculionidae, habits of, 1:45; 2:15,
538; 9:297, 345; number of larvae
described, 4:182; reference, 3:106,
‘189; 6:118; 11:270; sense organs
in, 1:69; species treated of, 1:247-
68; 9:344-45; 10:419-20; 12:267-
(P%
eurculionis, Sigalphus, 1:308.
Currant, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus ancylus, 11:275,287;
14,:3887.
Heri 259, o8f376 2153-11:
204.
perniciosus, 11:207, 224; 13:
3748.
Cosmopepla carnifex, 2:146.
currant worm, 2:24.
Diastictis ribearia (Syn. Eu-
fitehia), P2311 13 :3702*.
Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gor-
tyna) lt: S19.
Janus integer (syn. Phylloecus
flaviventris), 8:166; 9:461; 11:
284; 12:308; 13:335°.
Mamestra picta, 4:16; 5:209.
Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.

Currant, insects injurious to; ~
Myzus cerasi, 5:256; 9:346.

) ribis, 6:167; 9:370;, 11:275;
13 :363°.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:271,
212005.

Psenocerus supernotatus, 1:321.
Pteronus ribesii (syn. Nematus
ventricosus), 2:24, 220; 3:85,
144° 7 :3385, .361;.8:125.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:143.
Sesia tipuliformis (syn. Ae-
geria), 2:60.
Tenthredo. rufopectus,
359.
black, insects injurious to; -
Lycia .cognataria - (Syn. Am-
phidasys), 2:98.
Myzus cerasi, 5:256.
ribis (syn. Aphis), 3:145.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:271,
277; 5:274.
flowering, Aspidiotus perniciosus
on, 11:224.
Missouri, Lycia cognataria (Syn.
Amphidasys) on, 2:101.

Currant Amphidasys, 2:97-101, 227;
14,:342°.

Currant aphiss ieae2:- “Ota, ore.
3876, 10:498; 11:275-76; 13:363°;
14:360', 383%, 388°.

Currant borer (Aegeria), 1:8, 57.

Currant borer (Psenocerus), 1:321.

Currant moth, 1:299.

Currant saw fly, 2:217-21; 3:44, 88;
4,:197; 14:333*, 3437, 382°.

Currant span worm, 12:360.

Currant stem borer, 2:60; 13:3357.

Currant stem girdler, 4:17, 47, 189;
6:190°; '7:352; 8:166-68, 264; 10:
497; 11:284; 12:308; 13:337:.

Currant worm, egg parasite of, 2:
217-21; 229; 4:194, 197; embryol-
ogy of (reférence), 4:167; killed by
heavy rains, 8:125; Podisus cyni-
cus preying on, 7:361; ravages, 3:
85; reference, 1:8, 43, 226; 5:300;
W302) 1233115 14:247%, 348% 353°,
362°, 365’; remedies, 1:41, 42, 46,
56, 59, 60; 2:24; 5:156-57.

Currants, dried, Silvanus surina-
mensis infesting, 12:361.

curtipennis, Stenobothrus, 2:197.

Curtis, H. S., insects from, 10:518.

Curtis, John, cited, 1:172; 4:114; 7:
aoa: 11-248 referred to, *12:302;
British entomology (Diptera) cited,

. 4:73; Farm insects cited, 1:172,
184, 191. 237, 239; '5:246; '7:279; 9:
307; 10:388; 11:248.

curtisii, Amblycephalus, see Athys-

anus.

12:308,

450

curtisii, Athysanus (Syn. Amblyce-
phalus), 9:401, 410.
curvata, Campylenchia (syn. En-
chophyllum latipes), 9:387, 410.
curvidens, Tomicus, of Europe, 2:
54. .
curvilineatella, Lithocoliletis,
Bucculatrix pomifoliella.
Cut worm,
attacking cabbage, 1:312; at-
tacking corn, 7:363; 9:447; at-
tacking onions, 4:13; 8:126;
detailed account of, 5:308,
318 (abstracts); 8:231-42; gen-
eral notice (abstract), 1:303;
6:175; habits of violet Nephe-
lodes, 1:104; imported species,
list of, 1:8; in midwinter, 4:
56; life history of variegated
cut worm, 5:200-6; reference,
E10, 2545. 256;. 316.322; 4:
4 ARS Gees Te 20 2 lA:
13:366; 14:311',. 3347, 340,
340°, 3427, 348°, 349"; 356", 3617,
388°, 394°, 3977; remedies for,
1:58, 63, 64; 2:28, 35; 5:206,
319; 8:238-42; 12:358; 14:337';
secrecy of work, 8:264;
species, number of, 1:22.
black, 8:187-91; 14:3715. |
black lined, 8:235, 236.
bronze colored, 1:99-110, 1386;
4:54; 8:173, 235; 14:357°.
checkered, £12265:
climbing, “2:58; 328" 5.24105 11:
121265.
Cochran’s 1:328; 11 ‘265.
dark sided, 1:58, 328; 8:188; 11:
265.
greasy, 1:58.
eed. Wt 265)
speckled, 11:265.
variegated, 1:328; 5:200-6; 11:
265; 14:362'.
w-marked, 1:328; 8:199; 11:265.
Cuterebra buccata, 2:46. é
cuniculi, 7:367, 382; 14:368°.
emasculator, 2:45; 4:174; '7%:367;
13 :3728; 14:368°.

see

ants attacking, 1:321;-

Cuvier, G. L., Régne animal cited, 2: |

102.
eyaneus, Urocerus, 13:342?, 342°.

cyanipes, Melanoplus, 11:272.
Cyaniris pseudargiolus (syn. Ly-
eaena),: °9:285; 07 Bis}. Seo:

£4315) O29, SS 2t Be.
pseudargiolus var. lucia (syn.
Lycaena lucia), 7:375; 8:

754 3 ames He BS] 0 ie
var. neglecta (syn. Lycaena
neglecta), 7:374; 8:291;

14:315*, 321°.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Cyanocitta cristata, see Jay, biue.
cybele, Argynnis, 4:136; 5:285.
Cyclone burner for army worm, 12:
1938.
Cycnia tenera (syn. Euchaetes col-
laris), 9:455; 14:313°.
Cydnidae, 1:264-71; 2:144.
Cydonia japonica, see Quince, Jap-
anese.
cydoniae, Tingis, 1:311.
Cylas formicarius,. 3: 141, 154; 14:
347°.
cylindricum, Orthosoma, O.
brunneum.
Cyllene capraea, see Neoclytus.
pictus (syn. Clytus), 1:297; 2:
223; 8110; 175, 176;- 18a
13:360', 373°; 14:3317, 3827,
400°. ,
robiniae (syn. Clytus), 1:317; 2:
224: 7-363; 8:17, 116; Teese
517; 13:360°; 14:366°, 386+.
cymatophoroides, Pseudothyatira
(syn. P. expultrix), 10:481.-
cynicus, Podisus (syn. Arma gran-
Gis); °1:3313"'7:356,. 361; 1423653
Cynipidae, 1:314; 4:42, 438, 172;
5:308. :
Cynips glandulosus, 4:44.
operator, see Andricus.
prunus, see Amphibolips.
Cynthia cardui, see Vanessa.
Cyperus, Aspidiotus nerii on, 11:
287.
Cypress, Icerya purchasi on, 4:187.
Cyrtolobus (syn. Foe ee 1::300;'S:
389, 410.
fenestratus (syn. Cyrtosia), 9
389, 410.
inornatus, see Atymna.
vau. (syn. Smilia), 9:388, 410.
Cyrtophyllus concavus (syn. Platy-
phyllum), 3:135; 5:323; 6:189;- 11:
284; 12:363; 14:34)".
Cyrtosia, see Cyrtolobus.
fenestrata, see Cyrtolobus fen-

Séeé

estratus.
marmorata, see Carynota.

Cytisus, Mecyna reversalis. on,

11:142.
- Daboll C. E., insects from, 4:207.
Dactylis glomerata, see Orchard

grass.
Dactylopius adonidum (syn. D.

longifilis), 2:56.
citri (syn. D. destructor), 3:138.
destructor, see D. citri.
longifilis, see D. adonidum.
Dahlia, insects injurious to;
Diabrotica 12-punctata,
382.
Epilachna borealis, 7:382.

1:34

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Dahlia, insects injurious to;
Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gor-
tyna), 1:112; 8:491; 10:509.
Poecilecapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Daily democrat [Amsterdam], 14:
338%.
Daimio, see Catodaulis.
tethys, see Catodaulis.
Dairy pest, 8:286.
Daisy, insects injurious to;
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
230.
-Phytomyza chrysanthemi (P.
lateralis in error), 4:73, 207.
Trichodes nuttalli, 3:138.
ox-eye, used as insecticide, 2:34.
Dakruma convolutella, see Zopho-
dia.
Dall, C. H., cited 7:324, 9:309.
dama, Lucanus, 1:330; 4:180, 207;
11:268, 284; 12:362.
damnosus, Culex, see = taeniorhyn-
ehus.
Dana natural history society, 14:
305°; paper read before, 12:319-35.
Danais, 2:214.
archippus, see
pus.
Dance, Abel, insects from, 13:374’.
Dandelion, insects injurious to;
‘ Plusia brassicae, 2:91.
Sitodrepa panicea, 4:92.
Danforth, Mrs J. H., insects from,
13 :372°. ee
Daniell, W. F., insects from, 4:207.
Dansby, J: V., cited,.12:192.
Darapsa myron, see Ampelophaga.
Daremma undulosa, see Ceratomia.
Darwin, Charles, Origin of species
referred to, 12:349.
Darwin, F., cited, 11:248.
Datana, 10:466.
angusii, 4:178.
contracta, 11:264.
integerrima, 1:328; 11:264; 12:

Anosia plexip-

309; 14:399°.
major, 8:296.
ministra, Anomalon parasitic
on, $8:108, 164; attacking

apple, 1:328; 5:307; reference,
fee. oe oo. OOO. B24: 7:
Bole 264. 285s 14356";
' remedies, 1:57.
perspicua, 7:381.
Datura stramonium, see Jamestown
weed.
dauci, Aphis, of Europe, 3:123, 151.
Phora, 10:405.
Daucus, see Carrot.
Davenport academy of natural
sciences, Proceedings cited, 6:147.
Davenport daily gazette cited, 6:147.

ASI

Davies, S. M., insects from, 13:371°,
375°.

Davis, G. C., cited, 10:478; 11:147,
197; 1333535; quoted, 11: 2171; re-
ferred to, 12:294. .

Davis, G. C. and Taft, L. R., cited,

11:233.

Davis, W. T., cited, 7:296; 12:2738.

De Angelis, W. W., insects from, 8:
298.

Dearness, J., cited, 12:194.

Death watch, a 162, SLO B22025 32
323; 14: 3418,

decemlineata, Be 1:145,

244, 322; 2:3; 5:289; 6:132; 8:
298; 9:297, 422; 12:237; 14:
387°.
Polyphylla, 11:268.
decemmaculata, Coccinella, see Me-
gilla maculata.

decemnotata, Xanthonia, 11:269.

deceptiva, Hylemyia, see Phorbia
fusciceps.

decipiens, Xylocleptes, 11:270.

decoloratus, Asaphes, 8:200.

decumanus, Melanotus (syn. M.
incertus), 1:330; 11:267.

definita, Notolophus (syn. Orgyia),

4:50; 8:289, 296; 14:373°.
Orgyia, see Notolophus.

defoliaria, Hybernia, 11:266.

De Freest, Lewyllen, insects from,
12:363.

De Geer, Carl, Memoires pour ser-
vir a Vhistoire des insects cited, 2:
164, 187; 4:80.

Degeeria nivalis (syn. Podura), 2
244.

degeerii, Otiocerus, 9:386.

dehaisiana, Carpocapsa, see C. salti-
tans.

Deilephila chamaenerii, 5:175; 10:

508; 12:359; 14:3809°.
lineata, 1:119, 327; 5:175; 9:451;
10:508, 519; 11:264; 14:3098.

De Jean, P. F. M. A., Catalogue des
Coléoptéeres de la collection de M. le
Comte Dejean cited, 2:1386; 7:
285.

Delaware agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 10:278; 11:
233; Report cited, 12:254.

delicatulus, Hemerobius, see Psectra
diptera.

Deloyala, 6:126.

clavata, see Coptocycla.

Delphax arvensis, see Liburnia.

dorsalis, see Stenocranus.

Deltocephalus inimicus (syn. Am-

blycephalus), 9:401-2, 410.
melsheimerii (syn. Amblyceph-
alus), 9:401, 410.

452

Deltocephalus sayii (Syn. Ambly-
cephalus), 9:401, 410.
Deltoidea, 1:140; 8:292.

Dendroctonus frontalis, 10:500; 14:

884".
rufipennis (syn. Hylurgus), 2:
54

Dendroica aestiva,
bler, 2:8.
Dendroleon obsoletum (syn. Myrme-
leon ocellatus), 7:319; 9:440;
11:287, 238, 240; 14:374".
pantherinus, 11:239.
dentatus, Lachnus, see L. viminalis,
deperdita, Sciara (fossil form), 10:
388.
depressa, Phylloxera, 6:189.
Depressaria heracliana, 9:454; 14:
312°, :
leecontella, 7:375; 14:321°.
ontariella, see D. heracliana.

. Derby, H. B., insects from, 5:324.
deridens, Charadra (syn. een
9:456; 14:313°.

Diphtera, see Charadra.
Dermacentor americanus
Ixodes), 6:158.
Dermanyssus avium, 1:62; 3: 129; 5:
290.
Dermaptera, 1:79; 4:167.
Dermestes, 1:74; 11:171.
caninus (syn. D. murinus), 9:
462.
lardarius, abundance, 6:122; de-
tailed account, 6:119-23; feed-
ing on wax, 5:302-8; 6:120,

summer wafr-

(syn.

2 el re etOOd.. 62120-24 +. 1n=
troduction, 6:120; museum

‘ pest, 2:138; reference, 6:
SS. 1286907 28-179, 2197 1a:
Sse SoS, “One, <ol> aso:
remedies, 5:3138; 6:121.
megatoma, see Attagenus
piceus.

murinus, see D. caninus.
paniceus, see Sitodrepa panicea.
piceus, see Attagenus.
scrophulariae, see Anthrenus.
vulpinus. 4:88-89, 197, 198; 6:
120; 14:3487.
Dermestidae, 2:46, 138; 6:175; 9:299,
303; 11:172-T74.
Derostenus primus, 10:369; 12:267.

species, 10:369, 510; 12:351,
265; 14:392°.
deshaisiana, Carpocapsa, see C.
saltitans.

Desmia funeralis (syn. D. macula-
lis), 1:86;. 10:483.
maculalis, see D. funeralis.
Desmocerus palliatus, 1:297; 5:325;
6:188; 9:462.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

destructor, Cecidomyia, 1:58, 321;
4,21 {2952635825370 S68>) LP:
165; 14:317°, 3258, 349°, 3637.
Dactylopius, see D. citri.
Nysius, see N. angustatus.
Semiotellus, 1:321.
Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift
cited, 2:1386; 7:280, 285.
Deutzia gracilis, insects on;
Alypia octomaculata, 5:182.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Deva purpurigera (syn. Plusia), 10:
376. ‘

devastator, Agrotis, see Xylophasia
devastatrix.
Melanoplus, 11:272 .

Rhyparochromus, see Blissus
leucopterus.
devastatrix, Hadena, see Xylopha-
sia.

Tylenchus, 8:221.
Xylophasia (syn. Agrotis devas-
tator, Hadena), 1:58, 303; 8:
235; 10:482.
Devereaux, W. L.,
326.
Devil’s horse (Prionidus), 4:1138; 6:
140.
Devil’s riding horse
160.
Devrie, W. B., on Cicada, 12:284.
Dewberry mined by 'Tischeria mali-
foliella, 11:162.
Dewey, Melvil,
360, 361.
De Witt, D. W.,
141, 8:298.
diabolica, Vespa, 1:189; 7:229; 9:
461.

Diabrotica duodecimpunctata, 7:
217, 315, 382; 9:440; 11:269;
12:348; 13:37387; 14:874°, 391°. .

longicornis, 4:82; 11:269; 12:
348; 14:391°.

vittata, attacking apple trees,
1:331; 11:269; pear buds, 4:
103; protection from by black
walnut, 10:413-14; reference,
1 :244-. 2:231-32; 4:1432 5235.

insects from, 5:

(Mantis), 4:

insects from, 12: =

insects from, 3:

312; 8:250, 298; 10:498; 12:
352; 14:334,.. 360%, 369% soe
393‘; remedies, 1:33; 2:28, 29;
6:169; 7:367-68; 9:361-64.

diadema, Sinea, 1:331; 11:270.
Dianthus heddewigii, see Pink.
Diapheromera femorata (Syn. Spec-
trum), 1:111; 6:189; 9:446; 10:
512, 519; 12:368; 14:310°
Diaspinae, 6:143; 11:200.
Diaspis amygdali (syn. D. lanatus)-
12:355; 14:394'.
lanatus, see D. amygdaili.

INDEX "TO -ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Diaspis ostreaeformis, erroneous
reference of D. pyri.
pyri (syn. Aspidiotus
laris, A. ostreaeformis
CLLOE) Looks AL 271.
rosae, see Aulacaspis.
Diastictis ribearia (syn. Abraxas,
Eufitehia), 1:299, 306; 9:456; 12:
310-11, 360; 13:372*; 14:3137, 399*.
Dibolia aerea, see D. borealis.
borealis (syn. D. aerea), 10:414-
16 bib; 12:352- 14::393+*.
ovata, 10:416.
Dibrachys boucheanus (syn. Semio-
tellus ae oe 6:186.
Dicerea, 4:20,
divaricata, an Dao t 260s) 12:
361.-
manca, 5:286.
tuberculata, 5 :286.
diceros, Ceresa, 9:390.
Dichelonycha elongata, 10:516.
Dichrorampha scitana, see Grapho-
litha interstinctana.
dichrous, Attagenus, see A. piceus.
Dick, A. W. K., insects from, 138:
374".
dictaea, Notodonta,
dimidiata.
Pheosia, see P. dimidiata.
Dictamnus fraxinella, see
nella.
didyma, Bombyx, see Basilona im-
- perialis.
Diedrocephala coccinea (syn. Pro-
conia quadrivittata), 9:395-96,
410.
mollipes (syn. Aulacizes), 9:396,
410.

eircu-
in

see Pheosia

Fraxi-

noveboracensis (syn. Aulacizes),

9:396, 410.
differentialis, Caloptenus, see Melan-
oplus.
Melanoplus (syn. Caloptenus),
6:154>.11:271.
diffinis, Hemaris (syn. Sesia), 9:

450, 451; 14:312?.
Sesia, see Hemaris.
Digger wasp, large, 10:515; 12:359.
Dimeraspis podagra, see Microdon
globosus.
dimidiata, Pheosia (syn. P. dictaea,
Notodonta dictaea), 7:375; 8:296;
10:508; 14:3215.
diminuta, Agromyza (syn. Oscinis
trifolii), 6:184; 14:329°.
Phytomyza, 7:243.
Dimmock, A. K., cited, 5:184, 193;
fewest 447
Dimmock, G., cited, 4:80; 5:227; 7:
26, 280; 9-300" 11:15, 18t: “12:
190, 218, 235, 288, 264; quoted, 12:

453

324; referredto, 12:222,266; Anat-
omy of the mouth parts and of the
sucking apparatus of some Diptera
cited, 12:329.
Dimon, R. J., insects from, 10:511.
Dinoderus bifoveolatus, 11:286.
Diospyros, Aspidiotus perniciosus
on, 11:224.
virginiana, see Persimmon.
Diphtera deridens, see Charadra.
Diplax obtrusa, 4:208.
rubicundula, 7:220.
Diplosis, 4:63.
ealiptera (syn. Cecidomyia), 1
297.
cucumeris (syn. Cecidomyia), 5:
306; 8:212; 11:165-68; 12:357;
14:308*, 355°, 395°.
graminis (syn. Cecidomyia, C.
cerealis), 1:311, 321.
inimica (syn. Cecidomyia), 1:
BYVAL
nigra, see D. pyrivora.
pyrivora (syn. D. nigra), arched
filaments of, 11:169, 170; de-
formation of fruit, 8:145-46;
description of stages, 8:142,
147, 148; detailed account, 8:
140-51; 10:386, 387; distribu-
tion, 8:149-50; early observa-
tion of larvae, 10:386; egg lay-
ing, 8:148-49; first noticed in
U. S. 8:142-48; how the larva
leaves the fruit, 8:146; noticed
at Catskill, N. Y., 8:144-45,
288; pear seriously attacked,
8:141, 283; pupation, 8:147-48;
reference, 7:335; 8:106, 297; 9: ©
318, 441; 10:497, 510, 516; 11:
1192 AGG 278,)285; 22351, 361;
T4393 CE2 Si, Si Sls), oto,
378’, 3827, 389°, 393'; remedies,
8:150-51; spread of, 10:387.
septemmaculata, 5:280.
setigera compared with pear
midge, 11:169-70; imago de-
seribed, 11:168-69; injuring
muskmelons, 11:1€8; refer-
ence, 12:357; 14:3808*, 395°.
tergata (Syn. Cecidomyia), 1:
29.
pheraelea (syn. Cecidomyia), 1:
2 re
ERNE 1G: Solas,
: 255; 14:379%.
Diptera, Chalcids parasitic on, 1:
160; classification, 1:78, 79; 4:167,
190; 8:301; 9:465; contributions of,
4:206-7, 5:325; 6:188; 7:382; 8:301;
9:462; 10:510, 516; 11:285; 12:361;
delayed pupation of, 1:138; de-
scribed by J. A. Lintner, 14:308';

20s Brads. Si:

454

descriptions of new species, 1:
208, 209, 298; 4:70-71; '7:243; 10:
394-96, 398, 401-2; 11:166-67, 168,
169; Gordius parasitic on, 4:126;
injurious to apple trees, list, 1:
330; 11:267; mouth parts of, 12:
327; number of species, estimate,
4:181; pollen eaten by, 1:211;
‘reference, 1:297; 2:45; 10:359,
360; 11:106, 287; 12:334, 338, 344;
sense organs of, 1:69; 4:180; spe-
cies treated of, 1:168-227; 2:44-46,
110-25; 4:60-80; 5:220-27, 262-66;
6:111-17; 7:228-46, 307-10; 8:140-
51, 172, 192-97; 9:309-14; 10:386-
406; 11:562-72; 12:223-34, 319,
335; Studies in, 4:10, 164.
diptera, Psectra (syn. Hemerobius,
H. delicatulus), 4:176.
dipterus, Hemerobius, see Psectra
diptera.
discoloralis, Renia, 10:482.
disconotus, Crophius, P70:
discopunctana, Amphisa, 10:483.
disippus, Limenitis, see Basilarchia
archippus.
Disippus butterfly, 1:327; 2:220; 4:
174; 10:507; 11:264.
disjuncta, Bolitophila, 10:392.
Disonycha pennsylvanica, 11:264.
triangularis, 7:383.
dispar, Ocneria, see Porthetria.
Porthetria (syn. Oecneria), 7:
302-4, 336, 3857; 9:422-26, 432-
33, 4384, 440; 10: 869-72, 485;
Pb 264: 44363?) SIA] OTT,
392°.
Xyleborus (syn. X. obesus, X.

pyri, Secolytus obesus,_ S.
pyri), 1:310, 331; 3:141; 4:
203; 5:300; 318, 325; '7:348-51,

361, 370, 383; 8:299; 9:366,
419; 11:270, 286; 14:318%, 340%,
349°, 351%, 3531, 365°.

disposita, Xylina, 1:341.

dissecta, Acronycta, see A.
data.

dissimilis, Hypothenemus, 11:270.

Dissosteira carolina, 10:443.

disstria, Clisiocampa, see
campa disstria.

Distant, W. L., Biologia Centrali-

retar-

Clisio-

Americana: Rhynchota, cited, 10:
432.
distema, Grapholitha, see G. inter-

Stinctana.
Distenia undata, 11:268.
divaricata, Dicerea, 1:330; 11:267;
12:361.
Divaricated Buprestis, 11:267.
diversalis, Mecyna, 11:144.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

| diversiceps, Achorutes (also as Po-

dura species), 8:266; 11:253, 254;
12:357:, 14:308', 315%, (3207-396
diversilineata, Petrophora, see Eu-

stroma diversilineatum.
diversilineatum, Eustroma (syn.
Petrophora), 10:488; 11:266.
divinatoria, Atropos, 1:65, 161; 2:
198-202; 3:1389; 14,:342°.
divinatorium, Termes, see Atropos
divinatoria.

divinatorius, Troctes, see Atropos.
divinatoria.

Dobreche, G. F., insects from, 11:
285.

Dobson, hellgrammite larvae, 7 :254;
8:161; 10:501.
Dock, insects injurious to;
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro-
tis), 5:205.
Phytonomus punctatus, 1:248.
Plusia brassicae, 2:91.
Docosia sciarina, 10:392.
Dodge, C. R.; cited, D:1%2,. 2394:
IDAs TRASe

Dog day Cicada, see Cicada, dog

day.

Dog flea, 12:361.

Dogbane, Pyrausta futilalis on, ais

139.
Dogbane caterpillar,
357.

Dogwood, insects on;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224.
Enchenopa binotata, 1:319.
Phobetron pithecium, 9:461.

Dolerus, 3:140; 4:135.
arvensis, 3:89; 4:197; 18:371*;

14:348°.
sericeus, 4:197, 205; 14:348°.
species, 14:357°.

11:138-42; 12:

Dolph, J. M., insects from, 8:298,
299.
domestica, Lepisma, see Thermobia.
furnorum.

Musca, 1:146, 223, 299; 4: 167;
6:168; 8:265; 9:310, 314; 14:
360°. :

domestica-minor, Musca, see Homa-
lomyia canicularis.

domesticus, Acarus,
phus siro.

Psoeus, 1:65, 162.

Dominican case bearer, 11:269.

dominicana, Coscinoptera, 11:269.

Donacia piseatrix, 10:511.

“Doodle” (ant lion), 11:241.

“Doodle bugs” (tiger beetles), 11:
106.

Doran, E. W., cited, 10:378; Report
on the economic entomology of Ten-
nessee cited, 7:256; insects from,
7:383; 9:463.

see Tyrogly-

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Dorr, Mrs, insects from, 8:299.
dorsalis, Acordulecera, 13:371*.
Acutalis (syn. Tragopa), 9:392,
410. ~

Delphax, see Stenocranus.

Odontota (syn. Anoplitis scutel-
laris, O. scutellaris, O.
suturalis in error), 1:309, 320;
10:369; 11:269; 12:264-67; 13:
3741; 14:399°.

Stenocranus (syn. Delphax), 9:
386, 410. -

Tragopa, see Acutalis.
Dorthesia, see Orthezia.
cataphracta, see Orthezia.
celastri (egg cluster of Enchen-
opa), 1:285, 286.

solani, see D. celastri.

viburni, see D. celastri.

Doryphora clivicollis (Syn. Chryso-

mela trimaculata), 7:369; 14:
318°.

decemlineata, 1:145, 244, 322;
Be oo, 62132: (8:298; 9:
297, 422; 12:237; 14:387°.
Dowd, A., insects from, 6:189.
Downing’s horticulturist cited, 2:168.
Downy mildew, 4:185.
Downy woodpecker preying on Pla-
gionotus speciosus, 12:242.
Dracaena, Aramigus fulleri on, 2:
148.
Dragon fly, 1:79; 2:178; 4:93, 124,
165, 167, 190; 10:377, 466; 11:104;
12:308, 331.
Drake, M. E., insects from, 8:297.
Drasterius elegans, 8:200.
Drepanosiphum acerifolii,
14:4003.
Drosophila aceti, European, 1:220.
amoena, 1:221, 330; 11:267.
ampelophila, 1:65, 216-21, 330;
Stig iis, 1770; 7:241;3-11 :267,
285; 14:323", 326°, 335°.

eellaris, 1:220.

flava, 1:220.

funebris, 1:218, 220.

graminum, 1:218.

species, 1:218-21; 2:23, 124; 6:
fA7; 14:367*.

transversa, 1:218.

Drosophilidae, 1:216-21.

drupiferarum, Sphinx, 1:327; 10:
496, 508; 11:264; 14:3098, 381°.

Drury, Drew, Illustrations of na-
tural history cited, 4:57;-138:342';
Illustrations of exotic entomology.
13 :342’.

Dryocampa imperialis, see Basilona.
rubicunda, see Anisota.
senatoria, see Anisota. -

dubitans, Xylophasia, 10:377.

13:363';

455
dubius, Cratacanthus, 12:209.
Thanasimus, 4:142; 14:350%,
oe.

Ducks feeding on army worm, 12:
208. .

dumetellus, Crambus, 1:150.

Dunean, James, cited, 5:183.

Dung beetle, 3:102-3; 4:204; 7:312,
379; 9:440;. 14:323°, 352°, 374°.

duodecimpunctata, Crioceris, see

Asparagus beetle, 12 spotted.

Dinaprotiea,,;7:214;315, 382: 9:
440; 11: 269; 12:348; 13:373';
14:374°, 391°.

Dupree, W. B., insects from, 13:
eke

Dust louse, 1:316.

Dwight, W. B., cited, '7:256.

Dyar,. H. G., cited, 5:234; '7:225; 12:
183.186) 192, 218: 13:37. 344;
insects from 7:381, 384; 8:296; 10:
509 DLO: Li) 157, 285: 133716314
quoted, 12:188; referred to, 12:
184, 265; 13:346°.

dyaus, Plusia, see P. rogationis.

Dyer, L. W., insects from, 8:298.

Dynastes grantii, 5:227; 7:252.

hercules, 7 :249.

hyllus, 7:249, 250.

tts, 2224-0 5 22 1-ol noms ete
246-55; 9:342, 440, 444, 463;.
10:498; 11:274; 14:332°, 341%,
362°, 374°, 376+, 383°, 387%.

Dysderecus, suturellus, 2:166; 6:183.

Dytiscidae, 4:182.

Dytiseus fasciventris, 3:141; 5:325;

8:298; 11:284.
hacrisu, ~3244 --bis25:

510; 14:380*.
marginalis, 8:298; 9:462.

10:498,,.

Eacles imperialis, see Basilona.
Ear-worm, of corn, 1:121.
Earth worms, 2:6, 36; 3:149; 7:378;
8:222; 14:322°.
EKarwigs, 1:79.
Easter plant,.Plusia rogationis (syn.
P. dyaus) on, 2:94.
ebenus, Aulacomerus, 4:46.
Eecopsis malana, see Exartema.
permundana, see Exartema.
Eccoptogaster rugulosus, see Scoky--
tus.
Echinomyia, 5:285.
Ecnomidea pithecium,
tron.
Eecpantheria garzoni (syn. E.
netii), 5:317; 14:339°.
ocularia (Syn. BE. scribonia), bib-
liography, 12:183; distribu-
tion, 12:189; eggs described,
12:184; figures, 12:188, plates

see Phobe-

sen

456

1 & 4 fig. 1; food plants,
12:189; imago described, 12:
188; innoxious, 12:189; larval
transformations, 12:184-88;
life history, 12:188-89; pupa
described, 12:188; reference,
14:399*; table of last trans-
formations, 12:187; variety
denudata, 12:1838, 188.
scribonia, see B. ocularia.
sennettii, see E. garzoni.
Ectobia germanica, see
dromia.
Edema albifrons, see Symmerista.
Edge, T. J., cited, 11:127, 134.
edusa, Colias, see Hurymus eury-
theme.
Erebus, see Homoptera lunata
var.
Homoptera, see H. lunata var.
Edwards, Henry, cited, 1:81; 7:225;
8129; 1:127,- 334, -138,- 146, 250;

Phyllo-

12:183, 294; 18:342°.
Edwards, W. H., cited, 18:34387.
eedwardsii, Urocerus, 138:342', 342°.

Eel worms, 6:165; 11:255; 14:3597.
Egg plant, insects injurious to;

Coptocycla clavata, 5:322; 6G:
126.
Macrobasis unicolor, 10:511.

potato beetle, 5:320.
Eggleston, W. S., insects from, 10:
Ey AC.
egle, Euchaetes, 2:166;
10:481; 14:312°,
Hlaphidion, 3:150; 9:359; 10: 517.
incertum, 11:284.
ocellata, see Oberea.
parallelum, see E. villosum.
pruners, 11:125; 12:314.

3:91; 9:452;

putator, see E. villosum.
villosum (syn. E. parallelum,

E. putator), 1:330; 3:141, 150;
4:19: 521538, 268; 0207 6:110;
9:357-61; 10:498, 516; 11:268;
12:239, 314, 354, 356,362; 13:
359%. 316°) 14345) 36l. 363°,
383°, 394°, 3957, 4007.
Elaphrus ruscarius, 12:209.
Elateridae, 1:68, 314; 2:226; 3:101,
132; 4:141, 182; 8:199; 11:174-T7,
IGT: 14:382%.
Elder, insects injurious to;
Aphis sambucifoliae, 9:406.
Bucculatrix pomifoliella, 1:162.
Ceresa bubalus, 1:318.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
230.
electra, Eudamus, see Thorybes. ~
Thorybes (syn. Eudamus), 1:
338; -G:1719; 1433077, 327, 336.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

elegans, Drasterius, 8:200.
Packardia, 8:296.

Scythropus, 3:141.

elimata var. badicollis, Semiophora

(syn. Agrotis badicollis), 10:482.

Elipsocus, 1:161.

Elis genus, 1:172.

Elisha Mitchell scientific society

Journal cited, 4:103.

Ellema coniferarum, 9:449.
harrisii, 9:449; 10:508; 14:309°
pinastri, 9:449.
pineum, 97449; 14:307%, 311".

Ellery, Charles, insects from, 6:183.

Ellis, L. H., cited, 7:321.

Hilison, R., insects from, 6:189.

Eliwanger, G. H., insects from, 11:

288. :
Ellwanger & Barry, insects from.
3:141; 6:190; 10:519; 11:285. ~~

Ellychnia corrusea, 9:463.

Elm, insects injurious to;
~‘Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224.
Cacocecia argyrospila, 7:356.
Callipterus ulmifolii, 13:3627.
Cecidomyia balsamicola, 4:63.
Colopha ulmicola (syn. Gly-

phina), 3:126; 4:198, 326; 7:
370; 14:318°.

Ennomos subsignarius, 1:329.

EKuvanessa antiopa (syn. Van-
essa), 2:230.

Galerucella luteola (syn. Gale-.
ruca xanthomelaena), 2:228;
3:145; 4:148, 144; 5:234-42,
300; 301, 314; 319, -322:56-5-
7-217; 82221, 222, 2863 9-2457-
11:102, 103, 189-95, 275, 279;
12:259, 260, 261, 298, 349; 13:
361°; 14:398'.

gall mites, 10:457.

Gossyparia ulmi, 6:189; 11:280,
287; 12:293,, 295, 297, S417 44
389°.

Halisidota caryae, 7:355.

Hylesinus opaculus, 4:144; 7>
Soa.

Icerya purchasi, 4:137.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229.

Magdalis armicollis, 12:246.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.

Neoclytus erythrocephalus, 12:
246.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orygia), 1:33, 64, 98; 2:77; 4:
15; 5:317;. 7:216:. 9295222
437; 11:124-26, 279;° 12:347,
350.

Paleacrita vernata (syn. Ani-
sopteryx), 2:44; 5:258.

Pemphredon concolor, 8:163.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Elm, insects injurious to;
Phloeotribus liminaris, 4:144.
Saperda tridentata, 9:427-28,

429; 10:484, 500; 12:243, 244,
Boas Te: 399°:
Schizoneura americana, 5:319.
rileyi, 3:125.
ulmi (syn. Lachnus), 2:181;
9:407.
Scolytus species, 12:248.
Sitodrepa panicea, 4:92.
Systena marginalis, 4:156.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84.
Tineid species, 9:462.
Tremex columba, 2:227; 4:38; 5:
305; 8:163; 12:262.
Zeuzera pyrina, 9:426, 427, 428,
462.
American or white, insects inju-
rious to;
Colopha ulmicola (syn. Gly-
phina), 3:126, 151; 4:198; 5:
B0as (ia 10)
Galerucella luteola, 12:259, 260.
Gossyparia ulmi, 12:317.
Notolophus leucostigma
Orgyia), 2:77.
English, insects injurious to;
Galerucella luteola, 11:191; 12:
2G, 251, 260, 2613). 18:
aol, 369".
Gossyparia ulmi, 12:295.
Scotch, insects injurious to;
- Galerucella luteola, 11:190, 191,
193; 12:260, 261.
Gossyparia ulmi, 12:295, 317.
slippery, insects injurious to;
Colopha ulmicola (syn. Gly-
phina), 5:303, 326.
Gossyparia ulmi, 6:189.
Saperda tridentata, 12:244.
Elm bark (drug), Sitodrepa panicea
in, 4:92.
Elm bark beetle (Phloeotribus limi-
naris), 4:144, 204; '7:352; 9:367.
Elm leaf beetle, abundance in
houses, 3:145; associated insects,
12:261-62; bibliography, 5:234;
12:253-54: brief notice,. 1:228;
11:102, 103, 278-79; broods, 11:
190] 492: 12:255-57; .13:360°-61';
Carolina Mantis preying on, 4:
161; depredations of, 4:15, 148-44;
5 :236-37; 9:429; 11:102, 103, 189-
96; 12:255, 259, 260, 261, 293; de-
tailed account, 5:234-42; 11:189-
96; 12:253-64; European reputa-
tion, 5:236; food habits, 11:198;
12:258-59; habits of its family,
5:235-86; heavy rains destroying,
8:222; hibernation, 3:145; 5:238;
introduction in the U. S., 5:236;

(syn.

457

life history, 5:237-39; 11:191, 192;
12:257-58; 13:360°-61°; natural
enemies, 12:262; oviposition, 5:
239; preference for certain species.
of-elm, 11:193; progress up Hud-
son river, 11:189-90; pupation, 5:
239; reference, 4:207; 5:303, 314,
81929732028 6211S, “1885 "T3502. 8
286; 9:422; 10:498, 511; 11:125,
275, 279, 286; 12:177, 265, 293, 294,
295, 318, 319, 349, 350, 357; 13:
364% 3665 366°, 368°, 37223 14-3325,
338%, 340°, 3417, 344°, 348°, 350°,
253 Oa oot Soli aunoL. alas
SS Rossa Pose, soo, on0, cook.
BO2 ae. OOD OOD SOM cooker.
398', 399°, 4007; remedies, 4:200-1;
5 :239-42, 301, 322; 10:502; 11:195,
196; 12:2638, 264, 350, 351; spread,
A15-167 143; 197-47 217 S20 te:
102, 189, 190, 194, 195; 12:259,
260; second brood in Albany, 11:
102, 191, 192; transformations,
£12192: 12:257, 258.

Elm tree bark louse, 12:292-98, 31T-
18; 14:399°, 399".

Elm tree borer (Saperda tridentata),
9:427-29; 10:484, 485, 499; 12:
239, 243-48, 355; 14:377, 377°, 384°,
394°, 399°.

Elmore, E. A., insects from, 3:141.

elongata, Dichelonycha, 10:516.

Systena, 9:344.

elongatus, Pasimachus, 12:209.

Elting, Jessie, insects from, 13:374°..

elymi, Isosoma, 4:32.

Elymus canadensis, Isosoma elymi
infesting, 4:32.

Emasculating bot fly, 2:45; 4:174;
13 :372°.

emasculator, Cuterebra, 2:45; 4:174;
7:367; 13:372°; 14:368".

Embidina, 4:176.

Emerton, J. H., cited, 11:240.

Emesa longipes, 6:189; 13:374°.

Emmons, Ebenezer, Natural history
of New York, Agriculture, cited, 1:
DOE Der hls DOL Teta Oak,
284; '7:225.

Emmord, F. W., insects from, 9:463.
Emphytus cinctus, 10:499; 14:384*.
maculatus, see Harpiphorus.

EHmpoa, see Typhlocyba.

coecinea, see Typhlocyba.

querci, see Typhlocyba.

rosae, see Typhlocyba.
Empoasca albopicta, 11:270.

birdii, 11:270.

fabae (syn. Erythroneura), 9:

403, 410.

obtusa, 11:270.

viridescens, 11:271.
Empretia stimulea, see Sibine.

458

Empusa americana, see Entomoph-
thora. :
musecae (syn. Entomophthora),
2:179; 5:272; 9:314.
Enchenopa binotata (syn. Enecho-

phyllum), 1:281-88, 3819; 4:
203; 6:177; 9:387, 410; 10:498,
5b, EIE2 TOs. 4 B26y 13867,
351+, 380%.

lanceolata (syn. Membracis), 1:
283.

Enchophyllum, two spotted, 9:387.
Enchophyllum binotatum, see En-
chenopa binotata.
latipes, see Campylenchia cur-
vata.

Encyclopedia Britannica (American
edition) cited, 4:28. :
Encyclopedie @ Histoire naturelle.—

Noctua cited, 2:102.

Encyclopedie methodique cited, 1:232,
DAK 2AOZ, ADL" 1ST aly, CL,
234; '7:246; 9:300; 11:174.

Encyrtinae, 1:160.

Encyrtus bucculatricis, 1:160.

Endropia bilinearia, 11:284.

Engle, H. M., growing chestnuts,
12:268.

English elm, see Elm, English.

English oak, see Oak, English.

English sparrow, see Sparrow, Eng-
lish.

Ennominae, 8:287.

Ennomos magnarius, 9:456; 11:266;

14:313'. :

Subsignarius (syn. Geometra
niveosericearia), 1:329; 2:69,
(St gas Pde 266.

Entedon species, 4:27, 205; 11:165.

Entedoninae, 10:369.

Entilia concava, see Publilia.
Sinuata, 9:387.
Entomol. biolog. studien

162, 164.

Entomologica americana cited, 3:154;
4:20, 104, 128; 5:164, 220; '7:280,
296; .S:1295 E1249 250-312-183.
192, 264, 272; 13:344'; 14:347'.

Entomological collections, 4:169.

Entomological libraries, 4:170.

Entomological magazine, cited, 2:116.

Entomological news cited, 7:324; 8:
2882 AD A418: 125. Zon. 2ao, 12°
190, 194, 248, 249, 253, 272, 298;
13 :338', 344°, 344°; 14:373°.

Entomological societies, 4:169.

Entomological society of London,
Transactions cited, 1:81; 2:186; 4:
1502-9 280: 1O:417> 1246:

Entomological society of Ontario; Re-
port, abstracts from, 13:338°, 343°,

> 344) 3527, 353°; 14::305+,. 320%, 3237,

cited, 11:

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

331’; Report cited, 1:116, 127, 152,
173, 227, 233, 254, 264; 271; 2:57,
69, -89, 97,: 102; 132, 149> 4:28) Ss,

63, 803° 51642. 216.2246" (62125 -se
225, 255, . 2067. Si2Z9F AGOznSesuee
10:405, 416, 417, 453, 454; 11:109,
134, 146, 152, 238, 248, 249, 250;
12:1838, 191, 192, 1938 194, 218, 230,
235, 2351 28, cio, Loon wae

Entomological society of Philadel-
phia, Proceedings cited, 1:81, 87,
116;-2:68, 2033. 4:42--51, 54) aie
184, 192, 246; 7:225; 8155; 159;
10:388, 507; 11:248; 12:183, 290;
13 :340°, 343'; 14:309*, 309°, 309°.

Entomological society of Washing-
ton, Proceedings cited, 4:104; 5:
2217 “€:247, 296, 297; 1036524
178, 182: 12:192, 253, 254292 Se
aya

Entomological studies abroad, 4:180.

Entomologique Horticulteur cited, 1:
dig 73

Entomologist cited, 8:141, 11:146.

Entomologists of agricultural ex-.
periment stations, 7:337.

Entomologists, economic; writings
of, 1:15; Association of, 11:103,
181, 189.

Entomologists monthly magazine
cited, 1:173, 181, 207; 2198) 20355
7:280; 8:141; 10:405; 11:146.

Entomology, Bureau of, at Wash-
ington, 4:182; 7:340; 12:182; early
studies in, 4:163-64; importance of
study of, 1:1; 8:262-63; 12:336-45;
in agricultural journals, 4:179-80;
in. schools, 4:171; literature of
economic, 4:165, 166, 176-79; 8:
272-74; 9:429-32; progress in eco--
nomic, 1:16-20; 7:337; progress in
general, 4:9-11; publications in
1875 in the several orders, 4:172-
79; science of, present status in
the United States, 4:163.

Entomophaga, 4:181.

Entomophthora americana (syn.
Empusa), 9:314.
muscae, see Empusa.
phytonomi, see E. sphaero-

sperma.
sphaerosperma (syn. E. phy-
tonomi), 7:315.
Entozoa, 4:125.
enucleata, Acidalia, see Synelys.
Synelys (syn. Acidalia), 10:483.
EKois lacteola (syn. Acidalia), '7:375;
14:307°, 321’.
Epargyreus tityrus (syn. Hudamus),
Lost.
Epeira, 3:142.
insularis, 9:464.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Ephedrus plagiator, 5:253. _
Ephemera natata, see HK. simulans.
simulans (syn. HE. natata), 4:
121; 14:350°, 357".
verspertina, of Europe, 4:124.
ephemeraeformis, Aegeria, see Thy-
ridopteryx.
Thyridopteryx, see Thyridop-
teryx ephemeraeformis.
Ephemeridae, 4:121-24, 6:178; 9:
298, 464; 14:3277.
Ephestia interpunctella, see Plodia.
kuhniella, 14:349°%.
Ephippiphora interstinctana, see
Grapholitha.
Epiaeschna heros (syn. -Aeschna),
$2322: 12:364:
Epicaerus imbricatus, 1:331; 11:269.
Epicauta cinerea (syn. E. margi-
nata), 1:33, 57; 4:201, 208; 6:
134, 185, 186, 182; 8:294; 12:
354, 361; 14:317%, 328%, 350%,
367°, 394%,
marginata, see H. cinerea.
pennsylvanica (syn. Cantharis
atrata), 1:305; 2:227; 6:135-36,
170; 9:443, 468; 10:496; 11:
281, 284, 286; 13:3747; 14.:3327,
361", 368', 3767, 381‘, 390%.
vittata (Syn. Cantharis), 1:33,
40, 57; 6:1382-34, 136, 176; 7:

376; 12:354; 14:322°, 326),
367°, 394°.
Epicordulia princeps (syn. Hpi-

theea), 11:288.
Epidapus, 10:388, 398, 447. .
seabies, 10:447.

epigaea, Plusia, 10:377,

epigena, Hudamus, see HE. epigona.

epigona, Eudamus (syn. EH. epigena),
feo. 14°32 1°.

Epilachna borealis (syn. Coccinella),
bad reputation of, 7:217, 310-11;
8:126; reference, 1:322; 7: 8382; 8:
105, 298; 9:440; 10:511; 14:374+.

epimenis, Psycomorpha, 9:455; 14:
SB

Epitheca princeps, see Epicordulia.
Epitrix cucumeris (syn. Crepido-
Gera), 1:30, Go, 195; 224: 2:29: 4:
156; 5:271; 10:489; 11:269; 18:
ies 14378".
equi, Gastrophilus (Syn. Oestrus),
1 :299.

Oestrus, see Gastrophilus.
Psoroptes, see P. communis.
Erannis tiliaria (syn. Hybernia), 1:

72, 320; 11:266.
Hrastria apicosa, 10:482,
earneola, 9:456. .
muscosula, 10:482.
synochitis, 10:482.

459

Erax rufibarbis, 1:319.

Erebus edusa, see

lunata var.

odora, 4:138; 7:306; 9:440; 14:

357°, 374°.

erectalis, Botis, see Pyrausta futila-

lis.

Hypena, see H. scabra.
erectus, Hypothenemus, 11:270.
eremicola, Osmoderma, 1:330; 11:

268.

eremitis, Sphinx, 10:508; 14:3098.

Ergot, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:92

ericellus, Crambus, 1:150.

ericetorum, Pyrgus, 1:336.

erichsonii, Lygaeonematus, see

Lygaeonematus erichsonii.

Nematus, see Lygaeonematus.

Kriocampa adumbrata, 5:323; 14:
342°,
cerasi,
cina.

Eriocampoides limacina (syn. Hrio-

campa and Selandria cerasi), 1:
#2 SOUs Mca02) OS oan-oO 4407 10:
498; 12:359; 14:372°, 383°.

Hriococcus, 11:280.

Eriosoma_ fagi, see Phyllaphis.
imbricator, see Pemphigus.
lanigera, see Schizoneura.

_ pyri, see Schizoneura lanigera.
strobi, see Lachnus.

tessellata, see Pemphigus.
Erirhipis inda, see Huphoria.
Hristalis, 1-212; -2:223.

brousi (syn. E. meigenii), 9:462.

coactus, see Mallota posticata.

flavipes, 7:229.

meigenii, see EH. brousi.

posticatus, seeé Mallota posti-

eata.

tenax (syn. Helophilus), 1:212;

6188557 :229, 283, 363, 382: 9:
462; 10:510, 519; 11:284; 18:
ota: 24::3667

Ermine moth, 1:306. .
moth, Virginia, 1:328; 11:264.

erosa, Acanthia, see Phymata wolf-

fii.

Clisiocampa, see C. disstria race.

Phymata, see P. wolff.
error, Anopedias (syn. Platygaster),

i 320s 2-2.

Platyegaster, see Anopedias.
eruditus, Hypothenemus, 11:270.
erythrocephalus, Neoclytus, 6:188;

10:511; 11:268; 12:246,

Hrythroneura, see Typhlocyba.
affinis, see Typhlocyba comes

var. basilaris.

basilaris, see Typhlocyba comes

var.

Homoptera

see Hriocampoides lima-

460

Erythroneura fabae, see Empoascea.
mali, see Typhlocyba.
obliqua, see Typhlocyba.
vitifex, see Typhlocyba comes.
vitis. see Typhlocyba comes
var.
vulnerata, see Typhlocyba.
“erythropus, Crepidodera, see C. rufi-
pes.
Essex institute, Bulletin cited, 11:
250.
Estigmene isabella, see Pyrrharctia.
ethlius, Calpodes (syn. Pamphila),
$0502. T4585
Pamphila, see Calpodes.
eubule, Callidryas, 1:72.

Euchaetes’ collaris, see Cycnia
tenera.

egle, 2:166; 3:91; 9:452; 10:481;
14:312°.

oregonensis, 9:455; 14:313°.
euchenor, Ocyptera, 12:210.
Euclea cippus (syn. EK. querceti), 1
3255252186; 41 1:264
querceti, see E. cippus.
Euclemensia bassettella,
363.
Eudamus, 2:214; description of new
species of, 1:338, 339.
electra, see Thorybes.
epigena, see EK. epigona.
epigona (syn. HE. epigena), 7 :375;
fe Sas yea ee
mexicana, (Syn. EH. nevada) 1:
ooh; 062980; 14327
nevada, see EK. mexicana.
proteus, 1:337; 6:180; 14:327'.
pylades, 1:337, 338.
tityrus, see Epargyreus.
Eudemis botrana, 2:33.
Eudioptis hyalinata, see Margaro-
nia.
nitidalis, see Margaronia.
Eudryas grata, see Huthisanotia.
unio, see Euthisanotia.
Eudule mendica (syn. Euphanessa),
10:481.
Eufitchia ribearia, see Diastictis.
Eugonia j-album (syn. Grapta), 4:

12:317,

137 2 D282..010¢ FO DOT: +14:309%
339°.
Eulimacodes scapha (syn. Lima-

codes), 1:328; 11:264.
Eulophus, 1:159; 6:186; 10:369.
Eumacaria brunnearia, 11:266.
Eumenes fraternus, 2:231; 5:268; 6:

109-11; 13:371°; 14:334°, 367°
Eumenidae, 5:268; 6:111.
EKunemoria gracilaria, see Synchlora

glaucaria.
euonymi, Chionaspis, 11:288.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Euonymus, Aspidiotus perniciosus
ong) if 22237
Euonymus scale, 11:288.
Euparthenos nubilis (syn. Parthe-
nos), 3:136.
Eupatorium, insects injurious to;
Enchenopa binotata, 1:287.
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro-

tis), 5:205.
Phytomyza chrysanthemi (P.
lateralis in error), 4:76; 7:
242; 9:421.
Eupatorium ageratoides, see Easter
plant.

purpureum, Homohadena atri-
fasciata on, 5:285.

Eupelmus allynii, 4:33.

Euphanessa mendica, see Eudule.

EKuphoeades troilus (syn. Papilio),
10:507; 14:309%.

Euphorbia, Carpocapsa saltitans
(syn. C. deshaisiana) in, 4:151,
153, 154; 5:315; 8:291; 14:315°

Euphoria, Indian, 1:2382-39, 330; 8:
295; 9:448; 10:504; 11:268.

Euphoria fulgida, 8:286; 14:372".

inda, 1:232-39, 330: .Giis2ac-
295; 9:442, 4638; 10:503, 504,
516; 11:268; 12:313;, 314, 356;
8623 '14:317', $245, (13362ote
385°, 386%, 3957, 399%)

melancholica, 1:236, 330; 3:141;
10:511; 11:268.

Euphydryas phieton (syn.
taea), 7:219; 9:448; 14:311°.

Kuphyes metacomet (syn.
phila), 4:187.

Hupithecia luteata, see Tephroclys-
tis

Euplexia lucipara, 10:482.

Euplexoptera, 1:79.

Eupogonius tomentosus, 11:269.

Meli-

Pam-

Huprepia americana, see Arctia
caja.
arge (syn. Arctia), 9:455; 14:
313°.
caja, see Arctia.
parthenice (syn. Arctia), 10:
481,

phyllira (syn. Arctia), 3:153.
virgo (syn. Arctia), 7:219; 11:
106.
Eurycreon chortalis, see Loxostege.
rantalis, see Loxostege similalis.
Eurymene keutzingaria, see Plago-
dis.
EKurymus, eurytheme (syn. Colias
chrysotheme), 1:301.
philodice (syn. Colias), 1:301; 4:
136; 5:285; '7:316; 10:507-312-
3808; 14:309%.
Euryomia inda, see Euphoria.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

eurysternus, Haematopinus, 1:48.
eurytheme, Hurymus (syn. Colias
chrysotheme), 1:301.

Eurytoma, 1:307, 316; 4:105.
fulvipes, see Tsosoma hordei.
funebris, 2:2.
hordei, see Isosoma.
secalis, see Isosoma.
tritici, see Isosoma.

Euschistus fissilis, 10:519; 18:374',
variolarius, 2:146.

Hustroma diversilineatum (syn.

Petrophora), 10:483; 11:266.
populatum (syn. Cidaria pack-
ardata), 7:375; 14:321°.

Eutettix seminuda (syn. Bytho-
scopus seminudus), 9:398, 410;
11:270

EKuthisanotia grata (syn. Bombyx,
HWudryas), 1:33; 5:179-83; 6:
177; 8:109, 170; 10:481, 497;
iio. 826, 362°, 382°.
unio (Syn. Eudryas), 5:188; 9:
450, 455; 14:3137.
HKutrapela transyersata, see Sabu-
lodes. —
‘Euura species, 13:336°.
Huvanessa antiopa (syn. Vanessa),

2:230, 232; 4:1387; 8:296; 10:507;
12:354, 3859; 14:309°, 333°, 334°,
394".

Kuxesta notata, 11:267.
Evacanthus orbitalis, 9:397.
evecta, Volucella, 7:229.

Everes comyntas (syn. Eycagne>
4:137.
Evergestis rimosalis (syn. Pionea),
2:93.

Sstraminalis (Syn. Mesographa),

3:140; 9:456; 10:483; 14:3137. °

Everyx myron, see Ampelophaga.
Evoxysoma yvitis (Syn. Isosoma), 2:
poe eeaas totes G.202, 293; 14:
SiGe IG bel.
BExartema exoleta, 10:483.
malana (Syn. Eccopsis), 1:329;
ee 2 266,
permundana (syn. Eccopsis), 1
329; 10:483; 11:266. é
excaecatus, Pacnias (syn. Smerin-
thus), 1:327; 10:508; 11:264;
14:309°.

Smerinthus, see Paonias.
excitans, Culex, 12:321.
exerucians, Culex, 12:321.

Exechia fungorum, 8:172; 10:392.

lateralis, 8:172.

species, 8:109, 172, 297; 10:497;

14:382°.
eximia, Oedemasia, see Schizura.

Schizura (syn. Oedemasia),

ozo; LE-:265.

401

eximus, Phytonomus, 1:248.
exitiosa, Aegeria, see Sanninoidea,
Cicadula, see Limotettix.
Limotettix (syn. Cicadula), 6:
174; 14:324°, 324°
Sanninoidea (syn. Aegeria, San-
nina), 1:47, 57, 64, 259; 2:6,
60, 216; 4:107; 6:170; 8:181-86;
9:367;.14:361°.
Sannina, see Sanninoidea.
Hxoascus cecidomophilus, fungus
attacking choke cherries, 12:
3138.
deformans, see Peach leaf curl.
exoleta, Hxartema, 10:483.

Exorista flavicauda, see Belvoisia
unifasciata.
militaris, see Winthemia 4-pus-
tulata.
Experiment station record cited,
11 :147.

Eapress [Albany], abstract from, 12:

351; cited, 3:154; 4:197; 7:296,
SGLs —S:278, ~ 282614 3477) 348%
365°, 369*, 3708, 392°. -

exprimens, Chariclea, see Pyrrhia
umbra. :

expultrix, Pseudothyatira, see P.
cymatophoroides.

exsectoides, Formica, 12:182; 14:
3997. See also Formica rufa.

exsiccatus, Crambus, see C. trisec-
tus.

externum, Calosoma, 12:209.

exusta, Ceramica, see Mamestra
picta.

Hyed Alaus, 1:330; 11:267.
Hysarcoris carnifex, see Cosmopepla.

fabae, Bruchus, see B. obtectus.
Hmpoasca (syn. Erythroneura),
9:403, 410.

Hirythroneura, see Hmpoasca.
fabi, Bruchus, see B. obtectus.
fabricii, Macrobasis, see M. unicolor.
Fabricius, J. C., Entomologia system-

atica emendata et aucta cited, 2:
164, 187; 4:35, 98; 5:179, 180, 227,
231, 234, 246, 253; 8:159; 9:307,309;
10:411; 11:126, 134, 145, 174; 12:
267; 13:338°; Entomologiae system-
aticae, Supplementum cited, 1:271;
2:186, 144; 9:300; 10:408; Man-
tissa insectorum cited, 1:232, 247:
2:132, 164, 167; 4:35, 80, 101, 120,
5:179, 234, 246, 253; 8:155, 159; 9:
299; 18:33887; Species insectorum
cited, 1:232, 247; 2:136, 164, 167,
187; 4:35, 80, 101, 120; 5:179, 227,
234, 246, 253; 8:155, 159; 9:299;
138:338?; Systema antliatorum _ se-
_ cundem ordines, genera, -species,

462

adjectis synonymis, locis, observa-
tionibus, descriptionibus, cited, 1:
211; 2:116; Systema eleutheratorum
secundum ordines, genera, species,
etc. cited, 1:2382; 4:93; 5:227, 231;
9:299, 300; 10:408; 11:181; Sys-
tema entomologiae sistens “insecto-
rum classes, ordines, genera, spe-
cies, etc., cited, sF:227,. 232, 247: 2:
136, 164, 167, 187; 4:93, 101; 5:
227, 234, 246, 253; 8:155; 9:299;
Systema rhyngotorum secundum
ordines, genera, species, adjectis
synonymis, locis, observationibus,
descriptionibus, cited, 1:271; 5:246;
13 :3407.
Fabricius, Otto, Fauna Groenlandica
cited, 2:198.
facetus, Lepturges (syn. Liopus), 1:
ool 12269:
Liopus, see Lepturges.
fagi, Athysanus, see Bythoscopus.
Bythoscopus (syn. Athysanus),
9:401, 411.
Eriosoma, sce Phyllaphis.
Phyllaphis (syn. EHriosoma), 2:
181; 9:408.
Telamona, see Heliria scalaris.
Fagus, Datana integerrima feeding
on, 12:309.
Sylvatica, see Beech, Huropean.
Fahraeus, O. J. von, Artheschrei-
bungen in Schonhérrs Curculionen
cited, 2:140.
Fairman, C. E., insects from, 11:
285. ;
Faleata comosa (syn. Amphicarpoea

monoica), Odontota feeding on,
12:266.

falecatus, Leptodesmus (syn. Poly-
desmus), 12:301, 364; 13:375°;
14:308".

Falconer, William, cited, 4:73; '7:242;
insects...from,- G:1883.4'%3882; | 9:
461, 464; 10:515, 516; 11:142, 143,
286, 231.

Fall canker worm, see
worm, autumn or fall.
Fallen, C. F., Diptera Sueciae cited,

4:73.

False chinch bug, 1:195, 331; 2:166;
Hy ae i 4 0

familiaris, Musca, Harris MS, see
Pollenia rudis.

Fanning, J. O., insects from, 10:
510.

farinae, Acarus,

siro.
Tyroglyphus, see T. siro.
farinalis, Asopia, see Pyralis.
Pyralis (syn. Asopia), 8:300; 10:
483; 11:146, 151.
Farm and home cited, 5:302; 14:353°%.

Canker

see Tyroglyphus

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Farmer and fruit grower cited, 11:
dD.
Farmers’ advocate, abstract
13 :364'; 14:396'.
Farmers’ register cited, 2:102.
fasciata, Buprestis, 10:516.
Telamona (syn. T. unicolor), 9:
390, 410.
fasciatus Culex (syn. C, mosquito),
12334;
Gammarus, 7:373; 11:288.
Ipochus, 11:268.
Ips, see I. quadriguttatus.
Oecanthus, 5:310; 6:189; 10:
486; 11:284; 14:358', 377’.
fascilinellus, Crambus, 1:151.
fasciola, Lithacodes, see Tortricidia.
Tortricidia (Syn. Lithacodes), 1:
328; 9:456; 11:264; 14:313°.
fascipennis, Callostoma, of Hurope,
7182.
fasciventris, Dytiscus, 3:141; 5:325;
8:298; 11:284.
fatidicus, Troctes,
divinatoria.
Faulker, W. R., insects from, 11:
287.
faunus, Grapta, see Polygonia.
Polygonia (syn. Grapta), 4:137;
5:282, 317; 10:507; 14:309°,
339°.
Fauvel, C. A., cited, 7:256.
Fay, F. A., insects from, 8:299.
Felt, E. P., appointed assistant, 11:
105; papers by, 10:402, 403, 463-
80; 11:188-42, 254-60; 12:223-29;
reference, 13:332°
Feltia annexa (syn. Agrotis), 8:235.
herilis (syn. Agrotis), 8:300; 10:
l 482, 519.
jaculifera (syn. Agrotis tricosa,
F. tricosa),9:456; 10:377, 482;
14:316°,
malefida (syn. Agrotis), 8:236.
subgothica (syn. Agrotis), 1:303,
840; 10:377, 482, 519; 12:360.
tricosa, see EF. jaculifera.
femoralis, Livia, 9:404, 411.
femorata, Chrysobothris, see Chry-
sobothris femorata.
Diapheromera (syn. Spectrum),
1:111; 6:189; 9:446; 10:512,
519; 12:363; 14:310%
femoratum, Spectrum, see Diaphe-
romera femorata.
femoratus, Bibio, 6:180; 14:328%.
Melanoplus, 10:448.
Metapodius, 3:153; 12:209; 14:
347°.
femur-rubrum, Acridium, see Melan-
oplus.
Caloptenus, see Melanoplus.

from,

see Atropos

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

femur-rubrum,
Acridium, Caloptenus),
332; 2:190, 198; 6:151, 153; 8:294;
9:297, 332, 464; 10:440, 441, 442,
443, 496; 11:271, 284; 14,:317°, 368°,
Bol,
fenestralis, Rymosia, 10:392.
Scenopinus, 2:44; 4:174; 7:312,
Bobi ose: LOb10? P2311; 14:
368".
fenestrata, Cyrtosia, see Cyrtolobus
fenestratus.
fenestratus, Athysanus, see Bytho-
- scopus.
Bythoscopus (syn. Athysanus),

Melanoplus (syn.

9:400, 410.
-Cyrtolobus (syn. Cyrtosia), 9:
389, 410.
Feniseca tarquinius, carnivorous

habits of larvae, 3:125-26; 4:179;
8:170; distribution, 2:231; 5:282;
in Adirondacks, 4:137; 7:219; 8:
169; reference, 5:317; 8:109; 9:
846; 10:497; 12:308; 14:3384, 339°,
ome.

fennica, Agrotis, see Noctua.

Noctua (syn. Agrotis),
236.

Fern, Lecanium hesperidum on, 10:
512; 13:374".

Fernald, C. H., cited, 9:300; 11:109,
ite to2, 24a, 12191, 218,
254; referred to, 11:104, 105; 12:
221; 13:3438°; Catalogue of the de-
scribed Tortricidae of North Ameri-
ca, synonymical, cited, 4:151; 5:
213; Orthoptera of New England
cited, 9:330. ~

Fernow, Berthold, insects from, 5:
824, 325; '7:383; 8:298, 299; 9:462,
463.

. ferrugalis, Botis, see Phlyctaenia.

Phlyctaenia (syn. Botis), 10:

8 :235,

483. :
ferruginea, Stene, see Tribolium
ferrugineum.

ferrugineum, Tribolium, 2:136-39; -

8:299; 9:308, 468; 14:3427.
ferruginoides, Orthosia, see O. bi-
colorago var.

fervidus, Bombus, 3:140. -

festiva, Strachia (syn. S. ornata),

1270.

Feverfew, corn, Phytomyza chry-
santhemi (P. lateralis in
error) on, 4:78.

double white, Phytomyza chry-
santhemi (P. lateralis in
error) on, 4:75.

Fever worm (Eecpantheria), 12:189.

fidicularia, Caradrina, see C. multi-

fera.

1:7, 304, -

463

Field and forest cited, 4:151; 5:234;
11:134.

Fiery ground beetle, 12:209.

Fig, insects injurious to;
Aldorhina nitida, 5:319.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

Fig eater, 5:319; 14:340°%.

Fig tree bark louse, 1:301.

Figites, 1:315.

rubus-caulis, 1:315.

Figuier, Louis, Insect world cited,
10:477; 11:174, 240, 248; quoted,
PPG:

Figures of;

Achorutes diversiceps, 11:258.
purpurescens, 2:207.
Adalia bipunctata, 9:306.
Aegeria tipuliformis, see Sesia.
Agrilus ruficollis, 6:124; 10:406.
Agriotes mancus, 8:198.
Agrotis clandestina, see Noctua.
Saucia, see Peridroma.
ypsilon, 8:189.
Alaus oculatus, 4:141.
Aleochara anthomyiae, see A.
nitida.
nitida (syn. A.anthomyiae),
1:188.
Aletia argillacea, 1:7.

Alypia octomaculata, 5:181.
Ampelophaga myron (syn.
Darapsa), 5:176, 179; 8:187.

Amphibolips prunus, 4:48.
Amphicerus bicaudatus, 2:126,
PAE
Amphidasys
Lycia.
Anarsia lineatella, 1:152.
Anasa tristis, 2:165; 8:208.

cognataria, see

Angoumois moth, 2:105; in
corn, 2:103.

Anisopteryx vernata, see Palea-
cerita.

Anisota senatoria, 5:195.
Anomala lucicola, 10:409.
marginata, 10:412, 413.
Anosia plexippus (syn; Danais
archippus) larva and pupa, 4:
136.
ant, little red, 11:111.
ant lions, 7:318, 319. .
Anthomyia radicum, 1:192.
zeae, see Phorbia fusciceps.
Anthomyian eggs, 1:205.
Anthrenus scrophulariae, 1:10;
9:268;,.9:301; DT-172= TS
359+.
var. flavipes, 9:301.
var. thoracicus, 9:301.
Antispila nyssaefoliella, 11:
158
Anurida maritima, 2:210.

464 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Figures of (cont'd) Figures of (cont'd)

Aphis brassicae, 6:148; 7:317.
cucumeris, see A. gossypii.
gossypii (syn. A. ecucum-

eris), 8:211. .
Mah DEL S21
Aphorura armata (syn. Lipura
fimetaria), 2:209.
apple fly, 2:124.
apple leaf Bucculatrix, 1:158;
BAG) 1515 dao.

apple maggot, 2:119, 120.

apple root plant louse, 5:160.

apple tree aphis, 5:161; 8:217.

apple tree borer, round headed,

5 210247313.
apple tree case bearer, 1:163; 8:
Dilide

apple twig borer, 2:126.

aquaject, 1:30. —~

Aramigus fulleri, 2:148.

asparagus beetle, 1:241; 9:3438;

cross bearer variety, 1:242;
six spotted form, 1:243; 12-
spotted species, 12:250.

Aspidiotus nerii, 5:278; 8:214;

11, plate 9, fig. 2
perniciosus, 11, plates 12,
13714:
Aspistes species, 2:115.
Atropos divinatoria, 2:201.
Attagenus piceus, 9:303.
bacon beetle, 6:120.
bag worms, 1:32.
Balaninus rectus, 12, plate 8,
fig. 4-6.

Basilona imperialis (Syn. Ha-
cles), 18, plate 2.

bean weevil, 7:260.

beet leaf mining Anthomyian,
1:203, 204.

Belostoma americana, 4:145.

Bibio albipennis, 2:111.

Bibio, white winged, 2:111.

birch leaf Bucculatrix, 8:134, 135.

Bittacus strigosus, 10:473 and

plates 3, 4.
Blissus leucopterus, 2:150, 1538,
Ly GZ:

blister beetle, margined, 6:135.
striped, 6:132.

blood sucking cone nose, 4:112.

Boophilus bovis (syn. Ixodes),

6:156.
box elder plant bug, 4:157; 10:
434.
Bruchus obsoletus, see B. obtec-
tus.
obtectus (syn. B. obsoletus),
7 :260.
pisorum, 7:261.
rufimanus, 7:280.

Bryobia pratensis, 7: opp. p.321,.
Bucculatrix canadensisella, 8:
134.
pomifoliella, 1:158; 5:260;
8 :136.
buffalo tree hopper, 4:146.
burrows of Scolytus rugulosus,
4,:104.
cabbage aphis, 6:148; 7:317.
cabbage Plusia, 2:90.
Caloptenus femur-rubrum, see
Melanoplus.
spretus, see Melanoplus. -
Calosoma calidum, 1:128.
canker worm, 5:258.
spring, 4:140; 5:258.
canker worm trap, 1:64.
Carolina Mantis, 4:161.
carpet beetle, 1:10; 5:268; 6:
118; 13:359*.
Carpocapsa saltitans, 4:151.

‘eattle tick, 5:156, 157.

Cecidomyia balsamicola galls,
4:61.
betulae, 11, plate 1.
Ceresa bubalus, 4:146.
Cermatia forceps, see Scutigera.
Chauliodes pectinicornis, 8:158,
plate 1
rastricornis, 8:156.
serricornis, 8:158.
Chauliognathus pennsylvani-
cus, 4:86; 9:344.
Cheese mite; 5:292.
Chermes abieticolens, see C.
abietis.
abietis (Syn. Chermes.
‘abieticolens), 2:185.
pinicorticis, 2:182.
Cherry tree slug, 9:335.
Chicken louse, 5:290.
Chilocor us bivulnerus, 2:186; 5:
267.
Chinch bug, 2:150, 153, 155, 162.
Chionaspis furfurus, 11, plate

8, fig. 2:
pinifoliae, 5:266; 11, plate

9, Bese,
Chloropisca prolifica, see C.

variceps.

variceps (syn. C. prolifica),
4:71; 7:234, plate.

Chortophaga viridifasciata, 2:
188; 9:331.

Chortophila betarum, see Pego-
myia.

chrysanthemum fly, 7:224.

Chrysopa, 2:186.

Cicada septendecim, 2:168, 173,
174: '7:297; 10:422, AQS:) tas
275, plates 9-138.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Figures of (cont'd)

Cingilia catenaria (syn. Zerene),
4,:139.
Cirrospilus flavicinctus, 1:159.
Clastoptera, on pine, 8:154.
Clastoptera obtusa, 8:153.
Clothilla pulsatoria, 2:202.
clover hay eaterpillar, 13:358*.
clover leaf weevil, 7:315.
clover mite, 7, opp. p. 321, 322.
cluster fly, 9:309.
Coleophora malivorella, 1:1638;
8:217.
Conorhinus sanguisugus, 4:112.
.Conotrachelus crataegi, 10:419.
nenuphar, 7:289.
Corimelaena pulicaria, 8:213.
corn, eaten by corn worm, 1:
123; eaten by Phorbia fusci-
ceps (syn. Anthomyia zeae),
1:200.
corn cureulio, 1:255.
eorn worm, 1:118, 123.
corsair, black, 4:170.
two spotted, 4:112.
Corydalis, horned, 8, plate 2.
Corydalis cornuta, 8, plate 2.
Corythuca arcuata, 4:108.
Cosmopepla carnifex, 2:145.
Cossus centerensis, pupa case,
2:216.
Cotton worm, 1:7.
Cottony cushion scale, 4:187.
Cow horn fly, 5:224.
Crambus trisectus (syn. C. ex-
Siccatus, 1:149.
vulgivagellus, 1:137,
141, 142.
Craponius inaequalis, 9:365.
Crioceris ‘asparagi, 1:241, 242,
2438; 9:348;11:178; 12:250.
12-punctata, 12:250.
cucumber beetle, striped, larva
of, 9:362.
cucumber root, infested, 9:362.
eureulio catcher, 1:57; 7:294.
currant Amphidasys, 2:99, 100.
currant stem borer, 2:60.
cut worm, black, 8:189.
bronze colored, 4:54.
cuttings in fir by Monohammus
confusor, 2:50.
Cyllene pictus, $:175.
Danais archippus, see
plexippus.
Darapsa myron, see Ampeloph-
aga.
death watch, 2:202.
Dendroleon obsoletum, 7:319.
Dermanyssus avium, 5:290.
Dermestes lardarius, 6:118.
vulpinus, 4:89.

138,

Anosia

465

Figures of (cont'd)

Diabrotica 12-punctata, 7:315.
vittata, 9:362.
Diplosis cucumeris, 11, plate 2.
pyrivora, 8:142.
setigera, 11, plate 3.
Dorthesia cataphracta, see Or-
thezia.
Drosophila ampelophila, 1:216.
species, 2:124.
dusting box for paris green, 1:
PG
Dynastes hyllus, 7, opp. p. 250.
tityus, 5:229; 7 :247, 248, 250.
Eepantheria ocularia (syn. E.
seribonia), 12, plate 1,
plate 4, fig. 1.
scribonia, see H. ocularia.
eight spotted forester, 5:181.
elm leaf beetle, 4:144; 5:235.
elm tips, girdled, 2:87.
Enchenopa binotata, 1:282, 2838,
287.
Eneyrtus bucculatricis, 1:160.
Epilachna borealis, 7:311.
Eriocampa cerasi, see Hriocam-
poides limacina.
Hriocampoices limacina (syn.
Hriocampa.: cerasi), 9:335.—

Huclemensia bassettella, 12,
plate 5, fig. 2-7.
Hudioptis hyalinata, see Mar-

garonia.
nitidalis; see Margaronia.
Hudryas grata, see Euthisano- ©
tia.
EHumenes fraternus, 6:109.
Kuphoria inda, 1:234.
Huropean bean weevil, 7:280.
Huropean long sting, 8:165.
Kuthisanotia grata (syn. Hudry-
FA) Wao eal ot oe dO a
Evoxysoma vitis (syn. Isoso-
ma), 4:33.
eye spotted bud moth, 7:306.
Field force pump, 7:292.
Force pumps, 7:292, 298.

Galerucella luteola (syn. G.
xanthomelaena), 4:144;
5i2abs -12:259;- plate 8,
Hevd:

xanthomelaena, see G.
luteola.

Gamasus longipalpoides, 11,

plate 16, fig. 1. la.

garden flea, 2:207. |

Glycobius speciosus, see Plagio-
notus.

Gordius, 4:125.

Gortyna nitela, see Hydroecia.

Gossyparia ulmi, 12, plate 14,
fig. 2-5.

Goulds pump, 7:292.

466 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Figures of (cont'd) . Figures of (cont'd)

grain aphis, 5:247.
grape seed midge, 4:33.
grape vine flea beetle, 4:96; 7:
ODE.
grape vine hog caterpillar, 5:176.
grape vine moth, green, 5:179.
Grapholitha interstinctana, 11:
LSS.
grass hopper, red legged, 1:7; 6:
1522710444:
green house Sciara, 10, plate 1.
Gryllotalpa borealis, 6:149.
gypsy moth, 7:302.
Haematobia serrata, 5:224.
hag moth, 5:184, 188, 189.
hair worms, 4:125.
Haltica chalybea, 4:96; 7:353.
harlequin cabbage bug, 1:265.
Harmonia picta, 2:186.
Heliothis armiger, 1:118.
Helophilus latifrons, 7:230, 232.
similis, '7:230.
Hemileuca maia, egg cluster,
2:75.
hemlock larvae, 4:23.
Heraclides ecresphontes (syn.
Papilio), 9:337T.
Hessian fly, 5:286.
Heteropus yentricosus, 2:110;
10:385.
Hexagenia bilineata, 4:124.
hickory tree borer, 8:175
Hi ppod: amia convergens, 5:257.
hop vine aphis, 8:208.
Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna),
ite: ro 10,
hydronette, 1:29.
Hylemyia. deceptiva, see Phor-
bia fusciceps.
Hypoderma bovis, 6:112.
Ieerya purchasi, 6:187.
imperial moth, 138, plate 2.
Incurvaria acerifoliella, 5:219.
_ isabella tiger moth, 7:226.
Isosoma grande, 4:32.
hordei, 4:28, 31.
vitis, see Evoxysoma.
Ixodes bovis, see Boophilus.
Janus integer, 138, plate 1, fig.
9

joint worm fly, 4:28.

joint worm parasite, 4:38.

Julus caeruleocinctus, 5:296; 8:
199; 10:445.

jumping seeds, 4:151.

Kermes galliformis, 12, plate 5,
fig “Le

lace winged fly, 2:186.

Lachnosterna fusea, 8:175.

lady bird, Northern, 7:311.

painted, 2:186.

lady bird, spotted, 4:83.
twice stabbed, 2:186; 5:267.
two spotted, 6:117; 9:306.
lady bug, convergent, 5:257.
Lagoa opercularis, see Megal-
opyse.
Lampronota frigida, 1:145.
lantern for attracting moths, 1:
148.
larch lappet moth, 4:21.
larch saw fly, 5:165; 8:168.
Largus succinctus, 2:165.
Lasioptera vitis, 4:64.

leaf beetle, three lined, 2:133,.

134.
leaf bug, four lined, 1:278; 5:274.
leather beetle, 4:89.
Lebia grandis, 12:235.
Lecanium juglandis, erroneous
reference of L. prunastri.
prunastri (plum tree scale),
11, plate 11.
Lema trilineata, 2:133, 134.
Leptocoris trivittatus, 4:157;
10:434.

Leptodesmus - faleatus, 12,
plate 15.
Eeueanig unipuncta, 12, plates.
,o and 4, fig. 2.

aes scripta, die 7182, 183, 184.
Lioderma ligata, 4:25.
Lipura fimetaria, see Apho-
rura armata.
locust, green striped, 2:188; 9:
Sale
locust egg Anthomyian para-
site, 1:182.
locust mite, 8:180.
long sting, lunate, 4:39; 8, plate
3.
Lycia cognataria (syn. Amphi- ~
dasys), 2:99, 100.
Lyctus opaculus, 2:130.
Lygaeonematus erichsonii (syn.
Nematus), 5:165; 8:168.
Lygus pratensis, 5:275; 13:356*.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
228; 8:200.
Maia moth egg belt, 2:75
Mallota posticata, 1:214, 215.
Mamestra grandis, 5:212.
picta, 5:207.
Mantis carolina, see Stagmo-
mantis.
egg packet, 4:159.
religiosa, 4:162.
Manure fly (Sciara), 10, plate 1..
Maple leaf cutter, 5:217.
Maple tree scale insect, 6:142;
8:178
Margaronia hyalinata (syn.
Eudioptis), 11:1387.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 467

Figures of (cont'd)

Margaronia nitidalis (syn. Hu-
dioptis), 11:129.

marguerite fly, 4:77.

marguerite fly mines, 4:74.

meal worm, 8:176; 9:308.

meat fly, blue, 1:170.

Mecyna reversalis, 11:144.

Megalopyge opercularis (syn.

Lagoa), 4:51, 52, 54

Megilla maculata, 4:88.

Melanolestes abdominalis, 4:
pee

picipes, 4:110. -

Melanoplus femur-rubrum (syn.
Caloptenus), 1:7; 6:152;
10:441.

spretus (syn. Caloptenus),
tie eet 92, AGS. 194: 4:
25; 10:441.

Melanotus communis, 87198, 199.

Melittia cucurbitae, see M.
satyriniformis.

satyriniformis (syn. M. cu-
curbitae), 2:59; 5:155.

melon aphis, 8:221.

melon caterpillar, 11:137.

Meromyza americana, 1:228.

Microdon globosus, 2:116.

mines in columbine leaf, 4:79.

mite parasite of Angoumois

moth, 2:110.

mole cricket, 6:149.

Monomorium pharaonis, 11:111.

mosquito, 12:327, 329.

Murgantia histrionica, 1:265.

mushroom feeding fly, 10:400.

Myrmeleon immaculatus, 7:318;
11 :236.

_. Species, 11: 234, 235, 236.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 11, plate

a. ne 1.
Necrophorus tomentosus, 5:289.
Nectarophora granaria (syn.
Siphonophora avenae), 5:247.

Nemaius evichsonii, see Lygae-

onematus.

Nemoraea leucaniae, see Win-

themia 4-pustulata.

Neoclytus erythrocephalus, 12,

Plate 75) fie. 3,04, 5.

Nephelodes minians, var. vio-
lans (syn. N. violans), 1:
106; 4:54.

violans, see N. minians var.
Neuronia pardalis, 12:299.
Noctua clandestina (syn. Agro-
tis), 8:199.
Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:71, 72; 4:48.
nozzle, insecticidal, 1:31.
‘oak plum gall, 4:48.

Figures of (cont'd)

Oberea bimaculata, 5:232.
Ocneria dispar, see Porthetria.
Odontota dorsalis, 12, plate 8,
TG Te cee
oil beetle, 6:181.
onionyily,. & 169. 174,175, 476:
Opsicoetus personatus (syn.
Reduvius), 4:112.
OCrgyia leucostigma, see Notolo-
phus.
Orphulella pelidna (syn. Steno-
bothrus maculipennis), 2:196.
Orthezia cataphracta (syn. Dor-
thesia), 1:286.
Orthosoma brunneum, 4:22.
Otiorhynchus ovatus, 10:417.
owl beetle, 4:141.
ox gad fly, 6:116.
ox warble fly, 6:112, 118, 114.
Oxyptilus periscelidactylus, 12:
plate 4, fig. 3, 4, 5; plate 5,
18.9,
Paleacrita vernata (syn. Ani-
sopteryx), 4:140; 5:258. -
Panorpa rufescens, 10:463 and
plates 3, 4.
Papilio cresphontes, see Hera-
clides.
pea weevil, 7:261, 280.
peach tree: borer, 8:184.
peach twig borer, 1:152.
pear midge, 8:142, 147, 148.
pear tree Psylla, 9:327, 328.
pears infested (pear midge), 8:
144, 145; 10:386.
Pegomyia betarum (syn. Chor-
tophila), 1:208.
vicina, 1:209.
Pemphigus rhois, 12: plate 14,
fig. 1.
Pemphredon concolor, 8:163.
Pennsylvania soldier beetle, 4:
86; 9:344.
Pentatoma juniperina, 10:431.
Penthina nimbatana, 5:214, 215.
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro-
tis), 5:201, 204
Phobetron pithecium, 5:184,
188, 189.
Phora agarici, 10, plate 2.
Phorbia ceparum, 1:175.
cilicrura, sce P. fusciceps.
fusciceps (syn. Anthomyia
zeae, Hylemyia decep-
tiva, Phorbia cilicrura),
1:182, 200, 201. -
Phorodon humuli, 8:208.
Phylloxera vitifoliae, 1:4;9:347.
Phytomyza chrysanthemi (P.
lateralis in error), 4:77; 7:244;
mines of, 4:74.

468 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Figures of (cont'd) Figures of (coni’d)

Phytomyza lateralis, erroneous
reference of P. chrysanthemi.

Phytonomus punctatus, 1:247,
248, 250; 5:272; fungus at-
tacked larva, 5:273; 7:315.

Phytoptus pyri, 10:458.

pickle caterpillar, 11:129,

pigeon Tremex, 4:38.

pine leaf Chermes, 2:182.

pine leaf scale insect, 5:266.

pine weevil, 4:24; 9:344.

Piophila casei, 12:2381.

Pirates biguttatus, 4:112.

Pissodes strobi, 4:24; 9:344.

Plagionotus speciosus (syn.
Glycobius), 8:203; 12, plate 7,
het:

plum curculio, 7:289.

Plusia brassicae, 2:90.

Podisus spinosus, 6:187.

Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:273;
274.

Pollenia rudis, 9:309.

Polydesmus complanatus, 12:
oO.

poplar saw fly, 4:45, 46.

Porthetria dispar (syn. Ocne-
ria), 7:302.

potter wasp, 6:109.

Prionidus cristatus (syn. Prio-

notus), 4:118; 6:138.

Psylla pyricola, 9:327.

Ptinus brunneus, 4:90.

Ptyelus lineatus, 4:120.

Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:
142; 8:178; 11, plate 10, fig.
i, 2,.3, 4

punctured clover leaf weevil, 5:
272.

Pyralis costalis,11:148; 13:358',

Pyrophorus noctilucus, 11:175.

Pyrrharctia isabella, 7:226.

raspberry cane borer, 5:232.

raspberry geometer, 8:130.

raspberry gouty gall, 6:124.

red spider, 5:287.

Reduvius personatus, see Opsi-
coetus.

rhinoceros beetle, 5:229; '7:247,
248, 250.

Rhyssa persuasoria, 8:165.
Rocky mountain locust, 1:7; 2:
192, 193, 194; 4:25; 10:441.

root fly, 1:192.
rose _ beetle or bug, 1:228; 8:200.
Fuller’s, 2:148.
rose leaf tyer, 5:214.
San José scale, 11, plates 12,
13, 14.

Sannina exitiosa, see Sannin-

oidea.

Sanninoidea exitiosa (syn. San-
nina), 8:184.
Saperda candida, 5:270; 7:318.
tridentata, 12, plate 7, fig.
4, 5; plate 8, fig. 2.
Schizoneura lanigera, 5:160.
Schoturus nivicola, 11:251, 252.

_Sciara agraria, 12, plate 6, fig.

caldaria, 10:403; plate 1,
5,74, 10:

coprophila, 10:394, 395,403;
plate 1, fig. 1-4, 6, 8, 9, 11.

fulvicauda, 12, plate 6, fig.

(Ee I

multiseta, 12, plate 6, fig.
fae as

pauciseta, 12, plate 6, fig.
AS Neo

prolifica, 12, plate 6, fig. 8,9.

Scolytus rugulosus burrows, 4:
104.

Scutigera forceps (syn. Cerma-
113), “41295 F325.

seed corn fly, 1:200.

Semiotellus chalcidiphagus, 4:
33. :

Sesia tipuliformis (syn. Aege-
ria), 2:60.

seventeen year Cicada, 2:168,
173, 174; '7:297; 10:422) 423..

sexton beetle, 5:289.

Sinoxylon, red shouldered, 2:130.

Sinoxylon basilare, 2:130.

Siphonophora avenae, see Nec-
tarophora granaria.

Sitodrepa panicea, 4:90; '7:311.

Sitotroga cerealella, 2:103, 105;
10:379.

Smynthurus hortensis, 2:207.

soldier bug, spined, 6:187.

Sphenophorus sculptilis, 1:255.

Spilosoma virginica, 7:305.

spittle hopper, lined, 4:120.

sprinkler for paris green water,
i Fei

squash bug, 2:165; 8:2038.

squash vine borer, 2:59, 60; 5:
isysy

Stagmomantis carolina (syn.
Mantis), 4:159, 161.

stalk borer, 1:113; 8:191.

Stenobothris maculipennis, see
Orphulella pelidna.

sugar maple borer, 8:203.

Synchlora glaucaria, 8:180.

Syrphus fiy, 2:186; 7:2380, 231,
Done

Tabanus bovinus, 6:116.

tarnished plant bug, 5:275; 13:
356+.

Telephorus bilineatus, 8:178.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Figures of (cont'd)
Tenebrio molitor, 8:176.
obscurus, 9:308.
Tenthredo rufopectus, 13, plate
ie eer:
Tetranychus telarius, 5:287.
Tettix granulata, 2:196.
Thalessa lunator, 4:36, 39; 8,
plate 3.
thousand legged worms, 5:296;
$:1993 9:372.
Thrips tabaci, 11, plate 15.
Tmetocera ocellana, 7:306.
Tolype laricis, 1:89, 90, 91, 92,
93, 95, 96; 4:21.
tortoise beetle, golden, 6:126.
tree hopper, two spotted, Il:
282.
tree protector, 2:9.
Tremex columba, 4:38; 8:165.
Tribolium ferrugineum, 2:1387.
Trichogramma minuta, 2:220.
Trombidium locustarum, 8:180.
Trypeta pomonella, 2:119, 120.
tussock moth, white marked,
et tT2:
Tyroglyphus heteromorphus,
11, plate 16, fig. 2-10.
lintneri, 10:452.
siro, 5:292.
Upper austral
plate 4.
Urocerus albicornis,
wllentn ee 33.
flavicornis, 13, plate 1, fig. 4.
vagabond Crambus, 1:134.
violet Nephelodes, 1:100.:.
water bug, giant, 4:145.
wheat midge, 1:6.
- wheat stem fly, 1:223.
wheat stem maggot, 1:222.
wheel bug, nine pronged, 4:113;
6:188.
white scale insect, 5:278; 8:214;
Er plate: 9; fig. 2.
Winthemia 4-pustulata (syn.
Nemoraea leucaniae), 1:146.
wire worm, 8:199.
woolly bear, yellow, 7 :305.
Xylotrechus colonus, 4:93, 94.
Zerene catenaria, see Cingilia.
filamentaria, Nematocampa, see
Ania limbata.

Filaria sanguinis-hominis, cause of
elephantiasis, 12:331, 332; imma-
ture forms in mosquitos, 12:331.

- fimbrialis, Pyralis, see P. costalis.

fimetaria, Lipura, see Aphorura ar-
| mata.

Podura, see Aphorura armata.

fimetarius, Aphodius, 3:108; 7:312,
379, 383; 9:440; 13:373'; 14:374°.

life zone, ii,

13, plate

469

finitima, Hadena, see Xylophasia.
Xylophasia (syn. Hadena), 10:

AQP

Fir, see Balsam.
Fir saw fiy, 1:42.
Fire flies, 4:85; 8:174.
“Wire worm” (canker worm),
312, 850; 14:392'. .
Fisher, Jabez, cited, 9:318.
Fishes, mosquitoes food for, 12:330,
335; crustaceans food for, 138:3513,
Fisk, H. L., insects from, 5:325.
fissilis, Huschistus, 10:519; 13:374+.
Melanotus, 7:377; 14:322°.
Yissipennes (Pterophoridae), 12:219,
Fitch, Asa, cited, 1:87, 172, 184, 191,
LOS QO 202. 220 -2o0n fon ate
287 2:68. 102) 125,132)" 148" 168:
180; 2033-1835 4:20, 27, 114 Woes
571184, 192, 215, 227, 234, 242, 246,
2937 G14: 722507. S152, 1b3s 59:
317; 10:387, 408, 477; 11:109, 203,
241, 248, 251; 12:218, 287, 248, 264,
290; quoted, 11:202; 12:221, 267,
290-91, 301, 302; referred to, 1:221;
12:220, 222, 244, 246, 265, 277,
286, 292, 301, 311; Catalogue of the
“Homeptera of the state of New
York, 9:381-413; 14:384; Insects
- of New York, Report cited, 1:87,
172, 184, 194, °201; 202, -221. -227,
239," 28s 2:68, 1027 125) 1G S0:
208% -Srisst 4520-27 4142- +184.
192,215, 227, 246, 253> Si1p2, Jos:
9:317; 10:408, 477; 11:109, 208,
248; 12:218, 248, 264; 13 :338%, 342°;
Winter insects of eastern New York
cited, 2:208; republished, 2:235-
44; Hntomological labors, 1:322-
25; papers, 1:297-322; reports, 1:
291-97.
Fitch. FF’. A., insects from, 10:510.
fitchella.. Lithocolletis, 1:156.
fitechii, Lecanium, 10:518.
Promachus (syn. P. apivorus),
1:318.
Flachérie, 2:40; 4:177, 178.
Flat flies (Homalomyia species), 1:
cys
flava, Drosophila, 1:220.
Phora, 10:4038.
Phytomyza, 4:79.
flavago, Gortyna, 1:115.
flavicauda, Exorista, see Belvoisia
unifasciata.
flaviceps, Lauxania, 9:462.
Phytomyza, 4:79.
flavicinetus, Cirrospilus, 1:159, 160.
flavicollis, Clastoptera, sub species,
9:394.
flavicornis, Urocerus, 13:339°, 342?,
342°,

12:

470

flavilineata, Gypona, 9:397, 410.

flavimanus, Bruchus Bohem., see B.
affinis Froelich.

flavipes, Anthrenus, see A. scroph-

ulariae var.
Hristalis, 7:229.
Termes, $:454; 11:272; 14:312°.
flaviventris, Janus, see J. integer.
Phyllcecus, see Janus integer.

flavizonatus, Ichneumon, 12:211

flavopicta, Orchesella, 2:207.

Flax, army worm feeding on, 12:
206.

Flea, dog, 12:361.
meld, 4b 22.
garden, 1:322.

Flea beetle, broad

14:35&.
red footed, 11:269; 14:357°.
striped, 1:60, 8310; 3:99; 5:301;
9:375; 14:358°.

Flea beetles, attacking alder, 4:96-
101; attacking apple trees; 4:101-
3, 196; attacking beets, 9:375; ref-
erence, 1:316, 322; remedies, 1:40,
45, 61, 65; 3:185; 4:101-8; 14:372';
species treated of, 4:96-103, 155-
DO; 12505.

Fiea family,1:79.

Fleas, 1:62, 74; 9:352-53; 10:498; 12:
323; resistance to insecticides; -9:
352-53; 14:883°%

Flesh flies, 1:69.

Fletcher, James, cited, 4:35; 5:164,
216; '7:280, 324; 8:133; 10:378, 433,

striped, 4:155;

ADA LE 2. 233, 2505, « £22192,
238; 13:353°; insects from 8:298;
9:462; 10:510; 18:372°; quoted,

11:170-71; referred to, 11:119, 170.

fletcherella, Coleophora, 9:374; 10:
510; 11:267; 12:307, 360.

flexuosa, Heterogenea (syn. H. tex-
tula), 11-264.

Flicker, see Woodpecker,
winged.

Flies, biting, 5:221; 8:126, 193-S6, 297.

golden eyed (Chrysopa), 1:177.
Flint, O. Q., insects from, 11:286.
floccosa, Chortophila, see Phorbia
brassicae.
Phorbia, see P. brassicae.
floralis, Musca, see Phorbia brassi-
eae.

florea, Cucullia, 9:456; 14:316°.

_floricola, Homalomyia, see H. fus-
cula.

Florida agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 11:127, 135,
ata hd Ses iy as

floridana, Cermatia, see Secutigera

forceps.
Scutigera, see S. forceps.

golden

a

NEW YORK STATE. MUSEUM

floridensis, Ceroplastes, 11:271.

Florists’ exchange cited, 10:498, 502;
14:383', 385°.

Flour, insects infesting;

Silvanus surinamensis, 12:361.
Sitodrepa panicea, 4:92.
Tyroglyphus siro, 14:316°,
graham, insects infesting;
Calandria granaria, 12:362.
Tribolium confusum, 12:362.

Flour mite, 3:100; 8:2938.

Flour paste fly, 6:116, 177; 14:326°,
SOtes

Flower beetles, 1:234, 236.

Flower chafer, trim, 5:320

Flower cricket, 1:332; 4:147; 5:302,
810; 10:486, 519; 11:271, 288; 14:
BIO p OOO ao kde

Flower flies, 1:168, 211; 5:284; 7:
326.

Fioyd, Augustus, insects from, 4:
205, 206; 6:188; 9:4638; 11:286.

Fluted scale, 4:187, 188, 202.

fluviata, Camptogramma, see Per-

cnoptilota.
Percnoptilota

gramma,

10:483.
Plemyria, see Perenoptilota.

Irly, Buffalo, 5:220: 2265 ef 335-00
444,

Fly weevil, 2:105; 10:378, 380.

Foerster, Arnold, cited, 9:317.

foliacea, Haltica, 11:269.

Fonda, John, insects from, 10:519.

Forbes, 8S. A., cited, 1:99; 2:69, 149;
4:80;° 1553 ‘7:321: 10:3885 tiie
250; 12:191, 2438; 18:352°; quoted,
12:245; reference, 13:354°, 355*.

forbesi, Aspidiotus, 11:271.

Forbush, E. H., and Fernald, C. H.,
Gypsy moth: report of the work of
destroying the insect in the com-
monwealth of Massachusetts, * *
abstract from 12:351; 14:392°s
cited, 12:198.

forceps, Calista, see Scutigera.

Cermatia, see Scutigera.
Scutigera, see Scutigera forceps.

Forel, August, referred to, 12:182.

Forest flies, 5:245; '7:229.

Forest moth, 1:300.

Forest tent caterpillar, depredating
on apple trees, 1:328; 3:91-93,
147; on maple trees, 6:106, 166;
muscardine destroying, 4:178;ref- .
erence, 2:88; 4,:204; 10:495; 11:
265; 13:369°; 14.:344°, 359°; reme-
dies, 3:93.

Forester, eight spotted, 1:33; 14:
362°.

Campto-
9:456;

(syn.
Plemyria),

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

forficatus, Lithobius, (syn. L, ameri-
canus), 4:208.
Forficula, 4:167.
auricularia, 11:272.
Forficulidae, 1:79; '7:238.
Formica exsectoides, 12:182;
3997. See also F: rufa,
fusea, 4:181.
nigra, see Lasius.
noveboracensis, see Campono-
tus herculaneus.
obscuripes, 12:182.
pennsylvanica, sce Camponotus
herculaneus var.
pharaonis, see Monomorium.
rufa (probably F. exsectoides),
Coie eon tt 115 > Zia. 122
181, 182; 14:399°.
subsericea, 12:182; 14,:399?.
Formicaleo species (Myrmeleon), 11:
240.
formicarius, Clerus, 10:509; 14:384"',
Cylas, 3:141, 154; 14:347°.
Formicidae, 10:365-69;° 11:115-16;
Hest. 182.
formosa, Plusia, 10:377.
Fort Plain free press cited,
309,
Fossil insects, 4:170, 176.
fossor, Aphodius, 3:103; 7:379.
Foster, Mrs W. W., insects from.
hes c3%2":
Four ocleck, Thrips tabaci on, 11:
245.
foveatus, Hadrobregmus, 4:20, 22.
Fowler, H. G., insects from, 3:10.
Fowls, domestic, feeding on army
worm, 12:208; on Cicada pupae,
12:288. ’
fractilinea, Hadena, 10:482.
fragariae, Analcis, see Tyloderma.
Tyloderma (syn. Analcis), IL:
tao: LOLS:
fragilis, Campodea, 1:101.
fraterna, Lachnosterna, 1:330; 11:
268.
Parasa, see P. chloris.
Tetrastichus (syn. Trichogram-
ma). 1:3032 2:79.

14:

G:167;

Trichogramma, see Tetrasti-
chus.
fraternis, Camaronotus, see Pilo-
phorus.
Pilophorus (syn. Camaronotus),
2:186.
fraternus, Eumenes, 2:231; 5:268;

6:109-11; 138:371°; 14:334°, 367".
Fraxinella, Heraclides cresphontes
(syn. Papilio) on, 9:337.
Fraxinus, see Ash.
sambucifolia, see Ash, black.
Fremd, Charles, Gossyparia
nursery of, 12:293.

in

47¥

French, G. H., cited, 1:99, 111, 116;
2:57, 69, 202; 4:57; 5:1938, 201, 2073.
4225; 8129; 11:126, 146; 12:183,
218; 18:343°; Destructive insects of
Victoria cited, 10:454.

French, G. 8., insects from, 9:462.

Frey-Boll, cited, 11:1650.

frigida, Coelopa, 4:174.

Lampronota, 1:145.

Lissonota, see Lampronota.
frit, Oscinis, 1:225.
Frog hoppers, 5:245.
Frog spittle insects,

5 :245.

Frogs feeding on army worm, 12:
209.

frontalis Dendroctonus, 10

384".

Systena, 4:156; 9:297, 343-44,
422, 463; 10:498; 14:383°.
Frontina archippivora (syn. Masi-

cera), 8:238.

Frost, H. L. & Co., spraying trees,
ete., 12:264. ‘

frugiperda, Laphygma, 1
265.

Fruit blossoms injured by Thrips,
11 :249.

Fruit crops, large areas devoted to,.
4:184-85.

Fruit growers’ association of On-
tario, Report cited, 10:454; 12:218..

Fruit insects, publications on, 4:
191-92. ;

Fruit insects, sce Saunders, Insects
injurious to fruit.

Fruit tree leaves, army worm feed-
ing on, 12:206.

Fruit trees, spraying of while in
blossom, 11:117-24; 14:381", 395°.

frumentaria, Phlaeothrips, 11:246.

fueata, Sciara, 5:265; 10:388.

fucosa, Hypoprepia, 12:360.

fugitiva, Limneria (syn. Banchus:
fugitivus), 1:320; 2:41; 3:90, 140,
150; 5:198; 7:381; 14:346', 352°.

fugitivus, Banchus, see Limneria
fugitiva.

fulgida, Euphoria, 8:286; 14:372'.

Fulgoridae, 1:284-300.

fuliginosa, Mclobius, see Sciara.

Sciara (syn. Molobrus), 10:387.
Fuller, A. S., cited, 1:239; 5:234;"7-

255; insects from, 3:140, 141.

fulleri, Aramigus, 2:142-44; 4:198;
5154) 311, 325; 14::387,, 3425 S44.

Fuller’s rose beetle, see Aramigus.
fulleri.

fulvibarbis, Calliphora, 1:299.

fulvicauda, Sciara, 12:227-28, 361.

fulvicollis, Scepsis, 9:456; 14:313°.

fulvicosta, Callimorpha, 11:264.

1:285; 4:120;:

900; 14:

Be Pe ii Gs te

472

fulvidorsum, Jassus, see Phlepsius.

Phlepsius (Syn. Jassus), 9:402,

410,

fulvipes, Chalcis, erroneous refer-

ence of C. ovata.

Cis, erroneous reference of C.

fuscipes.

Hurytoma, see Isosoma hordei.

Merisus (syn. Pteromalus), 1:

307; 11:165.

Pteromalus, see Merisus.
fumans, Brachinus, 6:170; 14:361°.
Fumea, 1:84.
fumiferana, Tortrix, 4:20, 22; 10:

483.

Fumigation for greenhouses, 12:303.

Fumitory, climbing, Tetranychus
telarius on, 5:288.

funebris, Drosophila, 1:218, 220.

Kurytoma, 2:2.
funeralis, Acronycta (A. americana

in error), 2:77; 9:455; 10:482;
14:313*, 316°.

Desmia (syn. D. maculalis), 1:
86; 10:488.

Nisoniades, 'see Thanaos.

Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
Boos OS4, SFO? -( OlOs Lae oed.

Fungi, insects on;

Coccinellidae, 4:81; 7:217.

Exechia species, 8:172.
Fungicides and insectie:des com-

bined, 7:345; 9:416.

fungorum, Exechia, 8:172; 10:392.

Fungus attacking Cicada, 12:289;
attack on Musca domestica, 6G:
168; on curculio, 1:308.

Fungus feeding fly, 2:18.

Fungus gnats, 8:109, 172, 297; 10:
389, 392, 397, 399, 447, 497; 12:
Dae) ;

fur, Ptinus, 2:138; 4:93.

Fur moth, 4:140.

furcatellus, Crambus, 1:150.

furcilla, Panthea (syn. Platycerura),

9:450, 455; 14:313°%.

Platycerura, see Panthea.
furciliata, Physocephala, 5:285.
furfurus, Chionaspis, 1:331; 4:208;

5:300, 326; 8:293, 299; 9:440-41,
464; 10:518;° 11:202-8, 271, 288,
12:348; 13:368°, 374°; 14:316°, 316’,

Dias Oto, SOL, aoe
furnorum, Thermobia (syn. Lepisma
domestica), 4:179; 6:190; 10:519.
Furneaux, W., Butterflies and moths
(British) cited, 12:221.,
furvana, Tortrix, see Cacoecia* ar-
gyrospila.
fusea, Bolitophila, 10:392.
Formica, 4:181.
Lachnosterna, see L. fusca.
Spilomyia, 5:284; 7:229.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

fuscatus, Polistes, see P. pailipes.
fusciceps, Aricia, see Phorbia.
Phorbia (syn. Anthomyia radi-
cum yar. calopteni; A. zeae,
Aricia, Hylemyia deceptiva,
Phorbia cilicrura), 1:171, 180,
181-84, 199-201; 4:179; 10:516;
14.:385%.
fuscipes, Cis (C. fulvipes in error),
9 :462.
fuscisquamellus, Crambus, 1:151.
Fusicladium dendriticum, see Apple
seab.
pyrinum, see Pear scab.
Fusicladiums, 10:453.
fuscula, Homalomyia (syn. H. cili-
crura, H. floricola), 1:184.
futilalis, Botys, see Pyrausta.
Pyrausta (syn. Botis, B. erec-
talis), 11:188-42; 12:357; 14:
395‘. ;
Fyles, T. W., cited, 5:164; 8:160; 12:
193, 288;.insects from, 7:381.

Gaberasa ambigualis (syn. Tortri-
codes bifidalis, T. indivisalis), 7:
ey tien 1 1 8 Le

Gad fiy, 1:299.

Gade, George, cited, 4:36.

Galasa rubidaha (syn. Cordylop@za
nigrinodis), 10:488.

Gale, R. F., insects from, 11:288.

galeata, Archasia (syn. Smilia auri-
culata), 9:389, 410.

Galeruca calmariensis, see Galeru-

cella luteola.
cavicollis, see Galerucella.
rufosanguinea, 11:197.
Sanguinea, see Lochmaea cra-

taegi.
xanthomelaena, see Galerucella
luteola.
Galerucella cavicollis (syn. Gal-
eruca), distribution, 11:197;
feeding on cherry, 11:197;

feeding on chestnut, 11:198;
probably single brooded, 11:
197-98; reference, 11:286; 12:

357; 14:395°; resemblance to ~

other species, 11:197, 198.
luteola (syn. Galerucella and
Galeruca xanthomelaena), 9:
297: 13:360°-615, 368¢ene0aa =
14:332°, 340° 3417, 344°, 348°,

350°, 353*, 353°, 3541, 357°,
362°, 3727, 388°, 389°, 390°, 391°,
392*, 395°, 398', 399%, 400°.

See also Elm leaf beetle.
xanthomelaena, see G. luteola.
Galerucidae, 1:2438.
Gall flies, 11:281.
Gall insects, 2:31; 8:255.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Gall mites, 5:290; 7:365; 9:377, 442;
~ 10:456-57.
galiaesolidaginis, Gelechia, 2:39.
Gallatin, J. _N., insects from, 18:
Sir bs
,galliformis, Kermes, 12:316-17, 356,
363; 14:3957.
Gallinipper, 12:321.
Galls, 5:178, 308.
Gamasidae, 5:318; 10:451.
Gamasus, 3:134, 153; 5:289; 9:464.
crassipes, 11:259.
juloides, 3:134.
longipalpoides, 11:259.
obovatus, 3:134; 10:451.
species, 11:255.
gamma, Plusia, 1:119.
Gammiaridae, 9:348.
Gammarus fasciatus, 7:373; 11:288.
Gapes, 14:343", 343°, 345’, 346°. _
Garden and forest, cited, 7:242; 8:
141; 9:318; 10:484; 11:206, 212,
232, 233; 12:243, 268, 292, 303; 138:
Bie, aoe > 14: BUT,
Garden leek, Thrips tabaci on, 11:
245.
Garden slugs, 11:274; 14:387°.
Gardener’s chronicle and agricultural
gazette cited, 1:172; 4:114, 151,
7 :242; 12:247; quoted 12:248.
Gardener’s magazine cited, 1:172.
Gardener’s monthly and horticulturist
cited, 5:315; 10:453; 14:338°,
Gardenia, see Cape jessamine.
Gardening, abstracts from, 10:484,
487, 489, 494, 496, 499, 500, 501,
504; 11:275, 276, 280, 281; 12:347,
848, 349, 351; cited, 11:109; 12:
238; 14:377', 3787, 378°, 380°, 389°,
2S aol’, ood, 3844, 384% 3855,
386%, 386%, 386°, 3887, 388%, 388°,
Sao. ao0, ool, 391°, 391°,
3918, 392°.
Garfield, C. W., cited, 1:184, 194.
garganicus, Chion (syn. Cerasphorus
balteatus), 1:330; 4:95; 11:268.
Gargara genus, 9:388.
Garlock, W., insects from, 7:382.
Garman, Harrison, cited, 7:231; 10:

453; 11:250; 12:198, 248, 273; 18:
350°.
Garrahen, , insects from, 9:464.

Garscum, I. A., insects from, 9:463.

Gartered plume moth, 8:284; 12:
218-22, 13:372°; 14:3717.

Garth, D. J., insects from, 4:207: oo

oops 8:297, 299; 9:464; 12:368.
garzoni, Ecpantheria (syn. UH.

sennettii), 5:317; 14:339°.
Gastroidea polygoni, 8:298; 10:

519.

473 -

Gastropacha americana, see Phyllo-
desma.
californica, 11:265.
laricis, see Tolype.
velieda var. minuta, see Tolype
laricis.
Gastrophilus equi (Syn. Oestrus), 1
299.
nasalis (syn. Oestrus), 1:299.

Gaubil, -J., Catalogue synonymique
des Coléoptéres D’EHurope et D?’
Algerie, cited, '7:285.

Gazania, Phytomyza chrysanthemi
(P. lateralis in error) mining,
4:76.

Geddes, George, cited, 1:253.

Gelechia abietisella, 4:20,

60.
cerealella, see Sitotroga.
_ gallaesolidaginis, 2:39.
-intermediella, 11:267.
pinifoliella (G. pinifoliae
error), 1:156.
robiniella (syn. Anacampsis), 1
309.

22, 59,.

in

gelechiae, Apanteles, see Microgas-
ter.
Microgaster (syn. Apanteles), 2
39

var. carinata, Microgaster (syn.
M. carinata), 2:39.
Pteromalus, 2:110.
gemellatus, Cathartus (syn.
vanus cassiae), 9:308, 462.

Sil-

geminata, Solenopsis (syn. S. xy-
loni), 10:366; 11:264.
Stelidota, 11:285.
geminatella, Lithocolletis, see
Ornix.
Ornix (syn. Lithocolletis, O.
prunivorella), 1:330; 11:267.
geminatus, Paniscus, 8:238.
Smerinthus, 9:451; 11:264; 14:
ao ee
var. jamaicensis, Smerinthus,
9:451.
var. ocellatus, Smerinthus, 9:
451.
gemmata, Mantis, 4: 162.
Gemminger, Max, and Harold,
Edgar, Catalogus Coleopterorum

hucusque descriptorum synonymicus
et systematicus, cited, 1:233.
generosa, Cicindela, 9:462.
geniculus, Crambus, 1:151.
Genista, insects injurious to;
Mecyna polygonalis, 11:142.
reversalis, 10:515; 11:142.
Genista caterpillar, 11:142-45; 12:
357; 14:395°,
Genista moth, 11:144.

gentilis, Stibeutes, 12:211.

474

Gentry, T. G., cited, 13:343°; refer-
ence, 13:350%.

Geoffroy, E. L., Histoire abregée des
insecies qui Se trouvent aux environs
de Paris cited, 12:292.

Geological and natural history sur-
vey of Minnesota, Bulletin cited,
5:246; 12:290.

Geological survey of Canada, Report
cited, 10:388; Report of progress
cited, 10:388.

Geometra niveosericearia, see Enno-
mos subsignarius.

Geometridae, dates of collecting, 10:
483; depredating on the apple, list,
1:529; 11:266; publications on, 4:
173; reference, 1:113; 2:91, 95, 228;
5:202; 10:494, 502; sense organs
in, 1:71; species treated of, 2:97-
101; 5:258-60.

Georgia agricultural experiment
station, Bulietin cited, 11:127, 1385.

Geotrypes tityus, see Dynastes.

Geranium, insects, etc.,injurious to;

Aphis, 1:49.

Aramigus fulleri, 2:148.

Julus caeruleocinctus,
326; 10:446.

Leptocoris trivittatus, 10:438.

Plusia rogationis (syn. P.
dyaus), 2:94, 228; 14:333'.

5:307,

Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:276,
hhc

germanica Ectobia, see Phyllodro-
mia.

Panorpa, 10:465.

Phyllodromia (syn. Ectobia), 1:
62;5,4:131;-'7 526; 82300.

Vespa, 10:405.

Gervais, Paul, Aptéres cited, 3:133;
4:128.

Getter, H. C., insects from, 4:206.

Gettys, 8. F., insects from, 8:299.

gibbosa, Lachnosterna, 9:335.

Nadata (syn. N. behrensii), 8:
296; 9:450, 456; 13:371°; 14:
ais°.

gibbus, Zabrus, see Z. tenebrioides,

gigantea, Smicra, see Phasgono-
phora sulcatus.

giganteus, Thelyphonus, 6:190.

gigas, Cebrio, 3:101.

Urocerus, 4:95.

Gilbert, H. R., cited, 1:87.

Gillette, C. P., cited, 10:483, 453; 11:
152, 242; 12:1938; 13:353°.

Gillette: C.. P. and“ Baker,<C> &.
Hemiptera of Colorado cited, 10:
433; 13:353°.

Gillis, L. N., insects from, 9:462, 464;
10:511.

Ginger, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:92.

giraudii, Sciara, 5:265.

Lt
—————

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Gissler, C. F., cited, 9:307.
glaberrimum, Orchelimum, 11:271.
glabra, Oscinis, 1:225.

Gladiolus, corn worms in stems of,
1:120.

glandulosus, Cynips, 4:44.

glauearia, Aplodes, see Synchlora.

Synchlora (syn. 8S. albolineata,
Aplodes rubivora), 8:105, 129-
338, 285; 10:497; 14.:372°, 3827.

glaucinalis, Pyralis, 11:148.

Glaucopidae, 2:214.

glaucus, Jasoniades (syn. Papilio
turnus), 1:327; 4:1386; 7:219; 10:
507, 519; 11:264; 12:307; .14:309%.

Gleditschia triacanthos, see Locust,
honey.

Glens Falls republican citeé, 3:145;
14:344.

globosus, Aphritis, see Microdon.

Microdon (syn. Aphritis, Scu-
telligera ammerlandia), 2:
116-17; 4:174; 9:313; 14:3428,

Mulio, see Microdon.

Glover, Townsend, cited, 1:81, 116,
152, 172, 199; 227, ° 233, 239.220"
264, 271, 281; 2:102, 126, 165, 180,
203; 4:35, 80, 114, 155, 158; 5:192,
227, 231, 234, 246; 6:147; 7:255; 8:
152; 9:317; 10:388, 408, 453; 11:
126, 146, 174, 248; 12-233) 235
267; 13:338*, 352'; Illustrations of
North American entomology—Or-
thoptera cited, 2:188; Manuscript
notes from my journal—(Cotton
insects cited, 1:116; 2:165; Diptera
cited, 1:191, 194, 199, 201, 202, 211,
2215 27141, 116,117) ATS
10:3888, 405; 12:230, 233; Entomo-
logical index cited, 1:172, 184; 4:
20; Hemiptera cited, 1:264, 271; 2:
145, 149, 165; 4:107, 156; 10:4380,
432.

Glyceria fluitans, Nectarophora
granaria (syn. Siphonophora
avenae) on, 5:252.

Glycobius speciosus, see Plagio-
notus.

Glyphe viridascens, 12:210.
Glyphina, see Colopha.
ulmicola, see Colopha.
Glypta leucozonata, 11:156.
Glyptoscelis crypticus, 1:331;
269.
Gnat, Buffalo, 5:314.
gray, 7:364; 11:106; 12:307.
Gnats, 1:40, 78, 168; 4:190.
Goding, F. W., cited, 12:191.
Goeze, J. A. E., Gesch. Ins. cited,
2:187.
Goff, E. S., insects from, 4:207, 208;
5:325, 326; '7:388; 12:361.
Gold fringe moth, 11:145-51.

Liz

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Golden rod, insects on;
Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus,

4:86.

Epicauta pennsylvanica, 6:135.

Euphoria inda, 1:234.

Gelechia gallaesolidaginis, 2:
39.

Heliothis armiger, 1:118.

Heodes hypophlaeas (syn.
Chrysophanus americanus),
5:285.

Lebia grandis, 12:235.
Leptura canadensis, 4:23.
scalaris, 5:285..
Phymata wolffii (syn. P. erosa),
3:107, 109.
Syrphidae, 7:229; 11:106.
Trirhabda canadensis, 4:142.
Goldsmith beetle, 6:183; 11:268; 14:
329".
Gomphina, 4:176.
Gomphocerus infuscatus, see Chorto-
phaga viridifasciata.
radiatus, see Chortophaga viri-
difasciata.
viridifasciatus, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.
Gomphus adeiphus, 12:364.
Gonatista grisea (syn. Mantis phry-
ganoides), 4,:162.
Gonia species, 5:323; 14:342'.
Goniaphea ludoviciana, rose breasted
grosbeak, 2:8.
goniphora, Anthomyia, 1:195.
goniphorus, Poecilocapsus, 11:284.
Gonoptera libatrix, see Scoliopteryx.
Goodenough, Mrs F. L., insects
from, 13:374*.
Goodman, C. F., insects from, 11:
288.
Goodwin, F. F., insects from, 7:382;
8:299.
Gooseberry, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:207,
224.
Dakruma convolutella, 2:10.
Diastictis ribearia (syn. Eu-
fitchia), 12:311, 360.
Lycia cognataria (syn. Amphi-
dasys), 2:101.
Otiorhynchus tenebricosus, 2:
ae.
Poecilocapsus lineatus,
5 :274
Systena frontalis, 9:297, 343,
422; 14:383°.
Zophodia grossulariae (syn.
Pempelia), 8:294; 14:317°.
wild, Mytilaspis pomorum on,
21-202.
Gooseberry blight, 4:185.
Gooseberry fruit worm, 2:10; 8:
294,

£7005

475

Gooseberry saw fly, 3:88.
Gooseberry span worm, 12:310-11.
Gooseberry worm, remedy for, 5:
156.
Gordiaceae, 4:125-27; 8:290.
Gordius (hair worm), 2:230; 8:290;
9:298; 14:333°.
linearis, 4:125.
longolobatus, 4:125.
robustus, 4:125.
varius, 4:125. .
gordius, Sphinx, 1:327; 11:264.
Gortyna, 1:115, 305; 9:447.
cataphracta, see Hydroecia.
filavago, 1:115.
immanis, see Hydroecia.
nebris, see Hydroecia nitela.
nictitans, see Hydroecia.
nitela, see Hydroecia.
purpuripennis, .see
u-album.
rutila, see Hydroecia.
sera, see Hydroecia velata.
stramentosa, see Hydroecia.
Gossard, H. A., cited; 11:152, 155;
13 :353°.
Gosse, P. H., cited, 7:225.
Gossyparia ulmi, bibliography, 12:
292-93; description, 12:295-96;
distribution, 12:294; figured, 12:
293, 296, plate 12, fig. 2-5; his-
tory, 12:293-94; in Albany and
vicinity, 12:261-62, 317-18; intro-
duced from Europe, 12:293; life
history, 12:296-S7; means of dis-
tribution, 12:297; natural ene-
mies, 12:298; ravages of, 12:293,
294, 295, 317, 318; reference, 6:
189: 10:519; 11:280, 287; 12:356,
363; 14:3898, 395°, 3997; remedies,
12:298.
gossypii, Aphis (syn. A. cucumeris),
5:306, 326; 8:210, 283; 10:497; 11:
168; 14:355°, 371°, 382°.
Goureaux, cited, 4:73.
“Gout” in wheat and barley, 1:125.
Gouty gall beetle, 10:406-7, 516;
12:352; 14:393°.
gracilaria, Eunemoria,
chlora glaucaria.
gracilis, Crangonyx, 9:348.
Graham flour, see Flour, graham.
Grain, insects injurious to;
Leucania wunipuncta,
353.
Nectarophora granaria
Siphonophora ~
112, 150, 154.
Silvanus surinamensis, 11:267.
Thrips species, 11:249.
Grain Aphis, abundance in 1861, 5:
249; brief notice, 1:3138; 2:225; 8:

Hydroecia

see Syn-

12:196,

(syn.
avenae), 3:

476

154; detailed account, 5:246-53;
different names of, 5:250-51; food
plants, 5:252; forms, 5:247-48; in-
juries, 5:249-50; 7:217-18, 362; 8:
ap life history, 3:112-14; 5:251-

; method of attack, 5:248-49;
ele he, 5:253; reference, 1:8,
314, 316; 3:84; 4:204; 6:103, 167,
168.169: W331), 3390; 560 388: S:

122; 10:495; 14:317°,. 331%, 346°,
Bae OND AOU, Ore ahe.s zoe |
3661, 380°: remedies, 3:114; 5:253.

Grain beetle, 7:280.

Grain flies, 1:224.

Grain moth, Angoumois, 1:299;

10:377-86; 12:351,, 393%."
Grain weevil, Calandra, 1:226, 304,
3085316". bt325 +: G:40Fs 72217.
362; 8:278; 10:384, 494, 517;

1S BO('o-2 1 42365); BOO. eas0 >
397°.

saw toothed, see Silvanus suri-
namensis.

Gramineae, insects injurious to;
Chloropisca variceps (syn. C.
prolifica), 4:69.
Leucania unipuncta, 12:205.
Nectarophora granaria (syn.
Siphonophora avenae), 5:247.
Oscinidae, 4:68.
graminis, Cecidomyia, see Diplosis.
Diplosis (syn. Cecidomyia, C.
cerealis), 1:311, 321.
graminum, Drosophila, 1:218.
granaria, Aphis, see Nectarophora.
Bruchus, see B. obtectus.
Calandra (syn. C. remotepunc-
tata) 1:304, 316; 5:325; 6:
189; 7:365; 8:278; 9:308; 10:
AG: 122362: 14 367. 369:
Nectarophora (syn. Aphis, A.
cerealis, A. hordei, A. avenae,
Siphonophora, S. avenae), 1
318, 316; 2:225; 3:112-14, 150,
154; 5:246-538; 6:167; '7:217-18;
$:222, 295; 14:317". 317; 318%,
325’, 3381’, 345°, 846°, 3527, 3598,
3607, 3615, 362°, 365*, 3717, 380°.
See also Grain Aphis.
Siphonophora, see Nectarophora.
granarius, Bruchus Linn., see B.
rufimanus Bohem.
Oscinis, 1:225.
grande, Isosoma (syn. I.
Riley), 4:30, 32.
grandis, Arma, see Podisus cynicus.
Hadena, see Mamestra.
Lebia, see Lebia grandis.

tritici

Mamestra, 5:210-13;
14:369%.
granella, Alucita, see Sitotroga ce-
realella.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

10:482;

granella, Oecophora, sce Sitotroga.
cerealella.
Tinea, see Sitotroga cerealella,
x 1-299.
eranellus, Ypsolophus, see Sitotroga
cerealella.
Grange visitor cited, 7:256.
grantii, Dynastes, 5:227; 8:252.
granulata, Tettix, 2:197.
granulatus, Anametis.
grisea), 11:269.
Grape berry moth, 9:364.
Grape curculio, 8:286, 299; 9:364,
365; 10:498; 14:3728, 3837.
Grape leaf folder, 1:86.
Grape leat galls, 1 aya Bi
Grape seed fiy, 4:33, 7:373, 374; 8:
292: TA RIE SiG Sar: 3212,
Grapevine, insects injurious to;
Acutalis dorsalis, 9:392, 410.
Alypia octomaculata, 5:179, 300;
14:353°.
Ampelophaga myron (syn. Dar-
apsa), 4:201, 202; 5:174; 7:
381; 8:187, 295; 14:317°
Amphicerus bicaudatus, 2:126.
Anomala binotata, 10:413.
lucicola, 1 307; 5:309; 10:
409; 14:355?.
marginata, 10:411-13, 4913.
14.:379°.
minuta, 10:4138.
undulata, 10:418.
Aphis species, 5:162; 7:369.
Aphrophora quadrinotata, 5:
245; 9:392.
signoreti, 5:245.
Cecidomyia species, 1:322.
Chauliognathus pennsylyani-
cus, 9:344, 468.
Cicada septendecim, 2:172.
Colaspis brunnea, 1:321; 6:188..

(SyH>.- Be:

Craponius -inaequalis, 8:286,
299; 9:364.

Drosophila ampelophila, 1:217;
11:285.

Enchenopa binotata, 1:287.

Euthisanotia grata (syn. Hu-
dryas), 5:179.

Evoxysoma vitis (syn.Isosoma),
2:32; 4:33; 7:374; 8:292; 14:
S16",

Haltica chalybea (syn. Grapto-
dera), 1:307; 3:85; 4:101; 6:
188; 7:3383, 353; S:29T.

Harrisina americana
Procris), 2:231;
323', 323’, 334°.

Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

Lasioptera vitis, 4:64, 67; 5:303,
304; 7:376, 382; 14:320°, 354*.

Lecanium species, 8:215.

(syn.
7:379; 14:

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Grapevine, insects injurious to;
Leptocoris trivittatus, 10:483.
Leptoglossus oppositus, 3:141,

153.
Limonius agonus, 11:285.
Lioderma ligata, 4:25.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229, 307; 2:66; 4:142, 199; 5:
154; 8:200.
Murgantia histrionica, 1:265.
Oecanthus fasciatus, 5:310.
latipennis, 5:311; 14:337%.
niveus, 5:302; 11:288.

Otiocerus coquebertii, 9:386.

Oxyptilus periscelidactylus, 8:
297; 12:219.

Pelidnota punctata, 1:307; 11:
286.

Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),
5 :205.

Phylloxera vitifoliae, 1:4, 47; 2:
Zoe, BOs coll: 8:264: 9:347;
14:319°.

Plant lice, 13:3687.

Polyeaon confertus, 2:132.

Prionus laticollis, 4:22.

Pulvinaria innumerabilis (P.
vitis in error), 2:22; 3:146; 5:
326; 6:141; 7:376; 8:110, 177,
178, 216; 11:204; 14:322* 344°.

Samia cecropia (syn. Attacus),
12:355.

Spilosoma virginica, 1:317.

Stelidota geminata, 11:285.

Systena frontalis, 4:156.

Thyreus abbotii,
14::3558, 385%.

Typhlocyba comes var. vitis

(syn. Erythroneura vitis,
a vitis), 2:30! 5:302: 7:
345; 8:257; 9:403, 430; 12:
3638.
vulnerata
neura), 9:402.
white grubs, 9:354.
eee bark louse. 5:326; 11:204.
Grapevine beetle, 3:85; 5:229.
light loving, 5:305; 10:408-10;
12:352; 14-3933,
spotted, see Pelidnota punctata.

Grapevine caterpillar, pyramidal,
11:266.

(Grapevine coccus, 7:370.

Grapevine Colaspis, 14:3297.

Grapevine flea beetle, 1:59, 244, 307,
317; 4:96; '7:332, 353, 357, 361: 11:
269, 286; 14:3657.

Grapevine hog caterpillar, 8:294.

Grapevine leaf hopper, 4:199; 8:287;

9:480; 14:3498, 3732.

Grapevine Phylloxera, 9:347; 10:362,
14:383'; Riley’s studies on, 1:

(syn. Erythro-

5:306; 10:502;

477

Grapevine scale insect, 3:146; 8:215,
216; 10:497.
Grapevine Sphinx, 5:174, 179; 7:364,
381; 14:362%, 366%.
Grapevine ‘ Thrips,” 8, 116, 253.
Grapevine Tortrix, 1:56.
Grapholitha distema, see G.
stinctana.
interstinctana,

inter-

bibliography,
11:252; broods, number of,
11:154-55; distribution, 11:
155; imago described, 11:154;
infesting clover, 11:152-53;
larva described, 11:153; life
history and habits, 11:154;
mammoth clover not at-
tacked, 11:155; parasites, 11:
157; preventives, 11:155-56;
pupa described,. 11:153; ref-
erence, 10:496, 510; 12:357;
14,:3814, 395%.

packardi (rose twig borer), 1
57

prunivora, 1:329; 11:266.
Grapta, 2:214; 5:285; 10:508; 12:
| 807.
black winged, 9:446.
Grapta c-aureum, see Polygonia
interrogationis.
comma, see Polygonia.
comma, form _dryas, see Poly-
gonia.
faunus, see Polygonia.
interrogationis, see Polygonia.
j-album, see Eugonia.
progne, see Polygonia.
satyrus, see Polygonia.
umbrosa, see Polygonia inter-
rogationis var.
Graptodera chalybea, see Haltica.
Grass, insects, etc., injurious to;
Allorhina nitida, 5:320.
Athysanus curtisii (syn. Ambly-
cephalus), 9:401, 410.
Blissus leucopterus, 2:149, 233;
7331.
Bryobia pratensis (syn. Trom-
bidium bicolor), 38:128; 6:
161.
Camnula pellucida, 10:4438.
Cebrio bicolor, 3:101; 7:371.
Chelymorpha argus, 4:14.
Chloropiseca. variceps (syn. C.
prolifica), 7:216.
Chortophaga viridifasciata, 9:
331, 3338, 489; 10:448.

=

‘Circotettix verruculatus, 10:
443.

Crambus trisectus (syn. C.
- exsiceatus), 6:181.
vulgivagellus, 1:99, 127,

144; 2:2; 6:182.

478

Grass, insects, ete., injurious to;

Deltocephalus inimicus (syn.
Amblycephalus), 9:401,
410.

melsheimerii (syn. Ambly-
cephalus), 9:401, 410.
Sayii (syn. Amblycephalus),
9:401, 410.
Diedrocephala mollipes (syn.
Aulacizes), 9:396, 410.
noveboracensis (syn. Au-
lacizes), 9:396, 410.
Dissosteira carolina, 10:443.
Helochara communis, 9:396.

Hydroecia cataphracta (syn.
Gortyna), 10:374.
Lachnosterna fusea, 1:54, 61;

2:3, 224; 5:154;°6:183; 8:175.

Lepyronia quadrangularis (Syn. -

Aphrophora), 5:245.
Leucania albilinea, 10:490.
unipuncta, b3- G06; 12:

198, 353.
Limothrips poaphagus, 5:153,
304.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229.

Melanoplus atlanis, 10:442, 496.
femoratus, 10:448, 496.
femur-rubrum, 8:294; 9:

297; 10:442.

Meromyza americana, 3:96.

mite, 4:204.

Nectarophora granaria (syn.

Siphonophora avenae), 5:251,
252.

Nephelodes minians var. vio-
lans (syn. N. violans), 1:99;
4575: 6:1802'S:235:

Noctua fennica (syn. Agrotis),
S250.

Oscinidae, 3:96, 147.

-Peridroma saucia (syn. Agro-
tis), 5:202.

Ptyelus lineatus, 4:120; 7:388.

Pyralis costalis, 10:487.

Sphenophorus sculptilis, 1:259.

Tettigonia bifida, 9:395.

Thrips, 3:98; 5:153, 304; 11:249,

250.

white grubs, 13:366*.

Grass burrowing beetle (Cebrio), 3:
100-1; 4:204.

Grass infesting mite, 3:128-30; 4:
204.

Grasshopper, Eastern, 8:294.

red legged, 1:7, 332; 2:189; 6:

151; 9:332, 392; 10:440, 441.
Grasshoppers, blister beetle larva
preying on eggs of, 6:134; classi-
fication, 1:79; 4:190; depredations,
1:304; 9:297; 10:489-43; early ap-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

pearance of, 9:298, 4389; hiberna-
tion of, 2:196-97; Mermis para-
sitic on, 4:126; midwinter appear-
ance, 2:3-4, 188, 223; mite par-
asitic on, 8:179-80; plague of, in
N. Y., 10:439-45, 496, 505; 12:352;
reference, .4.:159;" 9:350=" 12-207
remedies, 1:25, 50; 2:34; 10:444-
45; species treated of, 2:188-98; 6:
151-53; 9:330-34; 10: 439-45:
studies of (reference), 4:165, 178;
13 :366'; 14,:381°, 3937, 3977.
grata, Bombyx, see Euthisanotia.
Chloropisea, 4:71.
Eudryas, see Euthisanotia.
Euthisanotia (syn. Bombyx, Eu-
dryas),. 1:33; 5:179-83; GT
8:109, 170; 10:481, 497; 14:
5137, .326', 362°, 382°:

grataria, Haematopis, 10:483, 519.

Graves, Mrs H. D., insects from,
7:382; 8:297, 300; 9:4638; 10:510,
SITs’ 11-197, 286; 12:3597s ee

Grayles, Thomas, insects from, 10:
a bee

Greedy scale, 11:271.

Greene, M. N., insects from, 11:286.

Greenhouse gnat, 10:496.

Greenhouse Sciara, 10:397-99; 12:
3851; 14:3937.

Green’s fruit grower cited, 8:289; 14:
347°,

Gregorson, D., cited, 11:232.

Gridley, Sylvester, insects from, 10:
512.

Griffen, Charles, insects from, 18:
Sto.

Griffith, H. G., cited, 4:80.

grisea, Anametis, see A. granulatus.

Gonatista (syn. Mantis phry-
ganoides), 4:162.

griseola, Leucopis, 11:164.

griseus, Benacus, 7:383; 11:287.

grossulariae, Pempelia, see Zopho-

dia.

Pristiphora, see Gymnonychus
appendiculatus. .

Zophodia (syn. Pempelia), 2:10;
8:294; 14:317?.

Grote, A. R., cited, 1:81, S87, 116.
127, 149; .2:89;: Bal(441925 208
207, 2103. 11:138, 142.5 146 eieee
quoted, 11:154; Check list of the
Noctuidae of America north of
Mexico cited, 8:292; 14:307', 315';
New check list of North American
moths cited, 1:81; 2:57; 4:57; 5:
207; 11:127, 184, 138, 142.

Ground beetles, 1:40; 8:2387;
493; 12:236, 353; 14:380*.

Ground bird feeding on Cicada, 12:
289.

10:

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Ground hogs feeding on Cicada pu-
pae, 12:288.

Ground nuts, Tribolium ferrugi-

neum infesting, 2:1389.

Grove, E. S., insects from, 4:207.
Gryllotalpa, 1:69.
borealis, 2:233; 6:149-51; 10:

519; 12:363; 14::335', 3687.
columbia (syn. G. longipennis),
olor ook;
longipennis, see G. columbia.
vulgaris, 4:180; 6:151.

Gryllus abbreviatus, 8:179.
hyemalis, see Boreus.
luctuosus, 8:110, 179, 300; 10:

497; 14:382?.

grynéa, Catocala (syn.C. polygama),
1:328; 8:292; 11:121, 266; 14:3167.

Guenée, Achille, cited, 5:210;
quoted, 11:137; referred to, 11:
132; Histoire naturelle des insectes
—Lépidoptéres, cited, 1:99, 110
116; 2:97; 4:57; 5:200, 206, 210; 8:
129; 11:126, 184, 142, 145; Noc-
tuarum Europaerum index method-
icus, cited, 5:210; Species Général
des Lépidoptéres, reference, 14:
oLL, :

Guérin-Meneville, F. E., cited, 11:

240; Iconographie du regne animal
cited, 10:414.

Guest-beetle, 5:178.

Guilding, ae cited, 11:240.

guttata, Coptocycla, see C.signifera.
Smilia, 9:389.

guttatus, Julus, 10:449.

guttivitta, Cecrita (syn.

campa), 11:265.
Heterocampa, see Cecrita.

Guyer, H., insects from, 10:509.

Gyllenhal, Leonard, cited, 2:140.

Gymnonychus appendiculatus (syn.

Pristiphora grossulariae), 2:5.

Gymnosporangium clavipes (Roes-

Hetero-

telia aurantiaca aecidial
form), 2:12; 6:181; 14:328°,
341+.

macropus, 14:328°,

Gypona flavilineata, 9:397, 410.
searlatina, 9:397.
striata, 9 410,

Gypsy moth, 7:302-4, 335-37, 357; 9:
422-26; 10: 369-72, 485, 505; 11:180,
Dv by 264, 278; 12:193, 811, 351; 13:
369’; 14:363°, 374", 3775, 386°, 3925,
392°, 398’; Commission, work of,
9 :422-26; 10:369-72.

Habrosyne scripta, 1:340.
Hackberry, American, Pachypsylla
celtidis-mamma on, 8:141.

479

Hadena, 1:58, 106; 8:231.
adjuncta, see Mamestra.
adusta, of Europe, 4:127.
arctica, see Xylophasia.
devastatrix, see Xylophasia.
finitima, see Xylophasia.
fractilinea, 10:482.
grandis, see Mamestra.
lateritia, see Xylophasia.
lignicolor, see Xylophasia.
passer, see Luperina.
species, 11:284.
subjuncta, see Mamestra.
turbulenta, 10:509.
verbascoides, see Xylophasia.
Hadrobregmus foveatus, 4:20, 22.
Haematobia cornicola, see H. ser-
rata.
serrata (Syn. H. cornicola), de-
tailed account, 5:220-27; 7:
332-34; 8:192-96; distribu-
tion, 5:226; 9:296; Huropean
bibliography, 5:2238; habits, 5:
220-22, 225; 7:333; identical
with European species, 5:222,
310; injury to cattle, 5:225-26;
7:3338; 8:198, 195-96; intro-
duction, 5:223; life history, 5:
224-25; preventives, 5:325; 6:
169; reference, 5:325; 8:126,
194, 297; 9:444, 462; 13:364°,
365°; 14:355°, 356°, 3564, 358°,
361*, 362°, 372°, 375°, 376°, 376°,
396°, 396°; remedies, 5:226-27;
9 :442.
Haematopinus eurysternus, 1:48,
piliferus, 1:48.
suis, see H. urius.
urius (syn. H. suis), 1:48.
vituli, 1:48.
Haematopis grataria, 10:488, 519.
haemorrhoidalis, Heliothrips, 1:332;
2156; LAc2ZTt.
Hag moth (Phobetron), 1:328; 11:
264, 285

caterpillar of, 3:227; 5:183-92,
306; 9:443; 14:3397, 362°
376?,

green, 1:328; 11:264.

Hagen, H. A., cited, 1:201; 2:136,
198, 203; 4:98, 103, 121. 123; 5:164;
7:279; 8:155, 159; 9:300; 10:388;
11:234, 240, 248; 12:298; 13:344°:
quoted, 2:1388; 12:299; referred to,
11:234; Beitrdge zur kenntniss der
Phryganiden cited, 12:298; Synop-
sis of the Neuroptera of North
America cited, 2:198, 203; 4:121; 8:
Beet 159; 10:477; 11:284, 240; 12:

Hahn, CG. W.., Wee ee Insecten
cited, 1 :264: 2:1

480 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Hailes, William, insects from, 12: | Harder, Jacob, insects from, 12:207.

225. Hardin, C. H., insects from, 18:
Hair snake or worm, 2:230; 4:125- oti.
27; 9:298; 14:333°, 357°. Harding, W. E., insects from, 4:
Hair streak, banded, 11:264. 206. .
Hair worms, see Hair snake. Hargitt, C. W., cited, 7:324.
Haldeman, S. S., cited, 5:231; 8:159. | Harlequin cabbage bug, absence of
Halisidota, 10:466. parasites, 1:268-69; a southern in-
caryae, 1:328; 6:187; 7:355; 8: Sect, 1:264-65; description, 1:265-
296; 9:455; 11:264; 13:369"; 66; detailed account, 1:264-71; 9:
14:313°, 398%. 315-17 difficult to destroy, 1:268;
maculata, 1:328; 11:264. distribution, 1:266-67; 2:55-56; 6:
tessellaris, 5:308; 10:481; 14: 177; 9:315; injuries, 1:267-68:
356°. = natural hi :266;
Hall, A. P., insects from, 13:371°. 1:39, eRe ii, ee
Hall, James, insects from, 10:516. 10:498: 11:280, 287: 12:349, 363:
Hall, J. W., insects from, 5:325; 10: 14:319°, 3264, 3362 3753 3995, 38099.
lei: 8. + % / ‘ = e
Hallett & Son, insects from, 4:205. Se ariauatbar
Haltica alni, see H. bimarginata. Harmonia picta, 2:186.

Dimaren as Gye alni), 4: pini, see Parharmonia.

Harpactor cinctus, see Milyas.
: Rake Bhan, Xs
ge ee ee ee es Harpalus caliginosus, 8:237; 12:209.
6-188 189: 7:382, 353, 361: 8: larvae from strawberry roots,
298; 11:269, 286; 14:365". We sea :
foliacea, 11-269: pennsylvanicus, 12:209. .
punctipennis, 11:269. Harper’s new monthly magazine cited,

striolata, see Phyliotreta vittata, | _ 1@:229.
Haltichella perpulchra, 12:210. Harper’s weekly cited, 7 :296.
Halticini, 4:102; 10:416. Harpiphorus maculatus (syn. Hm-
Ham or cheese mite, 3:151; 18:364°; phytus), 1:42; 13:3367.
14:346?. varianus, 6:186. _
Ham skipper, 12:229-34; 14:399°. | harpyia, Musca, see M. domestica.
See also Piophila casei. Harrington, W. H., cited, 1:254; 4:
hamamelidis, Brysocrypta, see Hor- 80; 5:164; 7:256; 10:417; 12:183,
maphis, 193; 238, 2435) 13:335°> S30uneae
Hormaphis (syn. Brysocrypta), 344'; quoted, 18:339'; referred to,
9:409, 411, 412. *12:246; 13:338°.
hamamelis, Acronycta, 10:482. Harriot, M. B., insects from, 5:325.
Hamamelis virginica, see Witch | Harris, D. F., insects from, 10:511,
hazel. 518; 11:170, 285; 12:368.
hamellus, Crambus, 1:150. Harris, Mrs Ira, insects from, 4:
Hamilton, John, cited, 4:103; 7 :247, 208; 5:326.

256, 280; 9:300; 10:408, 417; 12: | Harris, T. W., cited, 1:227; 2:125; 5:
254, 268; quoted, 12:270; referred | 174; quoted, 12:239, 244, 266-67,

to, 12:271. 299; 13:339°, 348°-49°; referred to,,.
hammondi, Canarsia (syn. -Pem- | 12:246, 299; 13:339"% - 345%, 3544:
pelia), 1:329; 11:266. ee Catalogue of the animals and plants
Pempelia, see Canarsia. of Massachusetts (1st ed.), 5:192;
Hams, smoked, Piophila casei in- | Catalogue of the insects of Massa-
juring, 12:230, 238. chusetts cited, 7:225; Entomological
Hanford, G. R., insects from, 138: correspondence, cited, 1:81, 110,
3TA?. 227; 2:50, 102, 208; 4:27, 51; b2180;
Hanson, Henry, insects from, 6:188. 183, 192, 206; 9:309; 12:298; In-
Haploa confusa (syn. Callimorpha), sects injurious to vegetation,
2219. see following: Insects of Massa-
lecontei (syn. Callimorpha), 9: chusetts (1st ed.), cited, 1:172, 194,
455: 11-264; 14:313°. 232; 2:68, 132, 168, 188; 5:183,. 192,
Hard hack, insects collected from, 231; 7:225; Treatise on the insects
5 :284. ft of New England (2d ed.), cited, 1:
Hardenburg, C. C., insects from, 6: 81, 172, 194, 227, 232,:281; 2:57, G8,

189; 10:509. 102;- 132, 148, 168, 1885422 Gaae

\

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

114; 5:183, 192, 200, 206, 231, 234;
7:288; 9:317; Treatise on insects

(8d ed.), cited, 1:81, 110, 172, 194,-

Diese 2ole eat, Oo, 102, 132,
148 168; 4:27. 35, 114; 5:183, 192,
200s 206) 231, 254:°7-225,°288; 9:
317; 10:408, 477; 11:145, 248; 12:
183, 229, 237, 248, 264; 13:342°,
Bol.

harrisii, Aspidiotus, see Chionaspis

furfurus.

Dytiscus, 3:141; 5:325; 10:493,

510; 14:380*.

Ellema, 9:449, 508; 14:309°.
Harrisimemna trisignata, 12:360.
Harrisina americana (syn. Procris),

Gueols (3019; 14:323°. 323" 334’.

Harrison, W. H., insects from, 10:
BIT.

Harsey, Joseph, insects from, 5:325.

Hart, W. E., cited, 11:249.

Hartig, Theodor, cited, 5:164; Die
Familien der Blattwespen und Holz-
wespen cited, 5: 164.

Hart’s tongue, Phytomyza flava
mining, 4:79.

haruspica, Agrotis, see Noctua.

Noctua (syn. Agrotis), 10:482.
Harvard university, course in ento-

mology at, 12:344.

Harvest fly, 2:179; 4:202; 12:274;
14:350%.

Harvest mites, 5:290; 6:160.

Harvey, F.- L., insects from, 10:
see

harveyi, Leucania, see L. albilinea.

Haswell, J. N., insects from, 18:
374.

Hawk moths, flight of, 12:202,

Hawley, C. T., insects from, 12:359.

Haworth, A. H., Lepidoptera Britan-
nica cited, 1:81.

Haws, wild, Trypeta pomonella
breeding in, 12:348.

Hawthorn, insects on or injurious

to;

Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224,

287.

Cecidomyia crataegi, 7:308, 364.
Corythuca arcuata, 4:108.
Feniseca tarquinius, 5:282.
Icerya purchasi, 4,:187. :
Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.
Saperda candida, 5:320. -
Tischeria malifoliella, 11:162.
Trypeta pomonella, 2:118, 121.
Hawthorn Tingis, 4:108.
Hay stack moth (Pyralis glaucin-
alis), 11:148.
Hayes, H. E., insects from, 5:326.
Hazel, Phobetron pithecium on, 5:
187, 192.

481

Hazelnuts, Balaninus species feed-
ing on, 12:269.

Heal-all, Thrips tabaci on, 11:245.

Heart’s-ease Hydroecia nitela (syn.
Gortyna) on, 1:112; 8:191.

Hedera helix, see Ivy.

Hedges, C. H., insects from, 3:141;
5:326; referred to, 11:281.

Heerwurm, 10:390.

heiligbrodti, Anisota, see Sphingi-
campa.
Sphingicampa (syn. Anisota), 5:
199.

Heineman, H., Schmetterlinge Deut-
schlands und der Schweiz, cited, 2:
102.

Helianthus, Ecpantheria ocularia
(syn. E. scribonia) feeding on,
12:189.

divaricatus, Charidryas nycteis
(syn. Melitaea) on, 9:448.

multifiorus, Phytomyza chry-
santhemi (P. lateralis in
error) mining, 4:76.

helicis, Sarcophaga, 12:210.

Helicomitus insimulans (syn. Ascal-
aphus), 11:239.

Heliconia charitonia, 1:70.
Heliophila unipuncta,_ see
cania. ;
Heliothis armiger, benefit of de-

stroying first brood, 1:126;
bibliography, 1:116, 344; boll
worm of the south, 1:117;
carnivorous habits of cater-
pillar, 1:119-20; description,
1:118; detailed account, 1:116-
26; food plants, 1:120; geo-
graphical distribution, 1:121;
method of attacking corn, 1:
122-23; moth a day feeder, 1:
118-19; occurrence in N. Y., 1:
124; operations as a “ corn-
worm,” 1:121-22; 6:185; 7:216,;
363; reference, 1:8; 2:2, 93; 7:
362; £32366") 14-3380). 335%;
366°, 397°; remedies, 1:125-26.

species, 11:266.

umbrosus, see H. armiger.

Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, 1:332;
2:563 (bi 2271.

Heliotrope, Plusia rogationis (Syn.
P. dyaus) on, 2:94, 228; 14:333'.
Heliria scalaris (syn. Telamona

fagi), 9:391, 410.

Heller, C. R., insects from, 10:
519.

Hellgrammite fly, 4:208; 5:326; 7 :254;
8:300; 10:490,501; 11:288; 14:379'.
3857. :

Helochara, Fitch, nov. gen, 1:300.

communis, 9:396, 410.

Leu-

482

Helophilus, vestiture of, 1:212.
latifrons (H. similis in error),
4,:200; 7:228-34; 8:287, 297; 9:
440, 462; 14:349°, 372°, 3744.
similis, 7:230, 233.
similis, erroneous reference of
H. latifrons.
tenax, see Eristalis.
Helops micans, 11:269.
Helotropha reniformis, 10:482.
helva, Orthosia, 1:340.
helxines, Crepidodera, 4:102, 196;
11:269.
Hemaris buffaloensis (syn. Sesia),
9:451; 14:312?, 358°.
difinis (syn. Sesia), 9:450-51;
14:312?, :
thysbe (syn. Sesia), 10:507; 14:
309%.

var, ruficaudis (syn. Sesia

uniformis), 10:494 14:
380".

Hemerobiidae, 1:302.

Hemerobius cornutus, see Cory- |

dalis cornuta.
delicatulus, see Psectra diptera.
dipterus, see Psectra diptera.
pectinicornis, see Chauliodes.
Hemerophila unitaria, see Lytrosis.
Hemileuca maia, 1:328; 2:40, 75; 3:
91; 4:52, 195; 5:186; 9:448, 456; 11:
260; 1431. SiS oat:
Hemiptera, catalogue of Homoptera
of N. Y., 9:381-418; classification,
1:78-79; 4:167, 190; 8:302; 9:466;
contributions of, -4:203; 5:326; 6:
189; 7:383-84; 8:299; 9:468-64; 10:
512, 517-19; 11:287; 12:363; depre-
dating on the apple tree, list of, 1:
831-32; 11:270-71; depredating on
hemlock, 4:20, 24-25; Heteropter-
ous, 1:306; 4:181; 10:432; hiber-
nation of, 8:270; Homoptera,
number in U. S., 4:181; in U.
S. nat. museum, 1:28; 9:411-138;
manner of feeding, 8:274;
mouth parts of, 12:327; pre-
daceous, 4:85, 133; reference, 1:17,
2Als Osos; 1.02368; > 147106" 248.
species treated of, 1:264-88, 311;
2:144-87; 3:107-28; 4:12-13, 107-21;
5:2438-57, 273-81; 6:137-48; '7:317-
18, 331-382; 8:152-55, 205-20, 253-57;
9:315-29; 10:420-39; 11:198-238;
- 12:272-98; 13:351'-57°; | spiders
feeding on, 10:480; studies in, 4:
10, 165.
hemipterum, Acridium, see Chorto-
phaga viridifasciata.
Hemiteles, 2:79; 5:99.
laticinetus, 12:211.
sessilis, 1:86.
smithii, see ?Cryptus.
thyridopterigis, 1:85.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Hemlock, insects injurious to;
Alobates pennsylvanicus (sym

Nyctobates), 4:20, 23. -

Basilona imperialis (Syn. Hae-
les), 4:20, 21.

Callidium species, 4:20, 23.

Cicada septendecim, 2:176; 4:20,
Zee

Crypturgus pusillus (syn. C.
atomus), 4:20, 24.

Dicerca species, 4:20, 22.

Eupithecia species (Hemlock
inch worm), 4:20, 21.

Gelechia abietisella, 4:20, 22, 59.

Hadrobregmus foveatus, 4:20,
Deed

Hylotrupes bajalus, 4:20, 238.

Leptura canadensis, 4:20, 23.

Lioderma ligata, 4:20, 25.

Melanolophia canadaria (syn.
Tephrosia), 4:20, 21.

Melanoplus spretus (syn. Calop-
tenus), 4:21, 25.
Nepytia semiclusaria, (syn.
Cleora pulchraria), 4:20, 21.
Olene achatina (syn. Parorygia
parallela), 1:328; 9:455.

Orthosoma brunneum, 4:20, 22,
23:

pine inch worm, 10-lined, 4:20,
2A &

Pinipestis zimmermani, 4:19.

Pissodes strobi, 4:20, 24; 9:
345.

Tephroclystis luteata (syn. Eu-
pithecia), 4:20, 21.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84; 4:20, 21.
Tineid, 4:59.

Tolype laricis, 1:88; 4:20, 21.
Tortrix fumiferana, 4:20, 22.
Hemlock leaf miner (? Gelechia abi-
etisella), 4:59.
hemorrhoea, Penthimia, 9:397.
Hemp, corn worm on, 1:120.
Henbane, corn worm on, 1:121.
Henderson, Peter, insects from, 6:
188.
Hendricks, James, insects from, 12:
362.
henrici, Thecla, see Incisalia irus.
Henry, John, insects from, 6:187.
Henshaw, Samuel, cited, 4:128; 5:
234; 11:178; 12:254; Bibliography
of the more important contributions
to American economic entomology
cited, 13:331%; List of the Coleop-
tera of America north of Mezico
cited, 4:93, 101,. 103,. 155; S:22%
232, 234; 9:300; 10:414, 417. Third
supplement to the list of Coleoptera
of North America cited, 10:414.
Hentz, N. M., cited, 1:227; 12:235.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

hentzii, Chauliognathus, see C. mar-
ginatus.

Heodes hypophlaeas (syn. Chryso-
phanus, C. americanus), 3:108; 4:
137; 5:285.

Hepialus, 2:217.

heracliana, Depressaria, 9:454; 14:
3a bag

Heraclides cresphontes (syn. Papil-

- io), 9:3386-37, 461; 10:498, 515;
14:383'.

herbaceus, Melanoplus, 11:272.

Herbst, J. Fk. W., Natursystem aller
bekannten in-und auslandischen In-
Secten cited, 2:1386; 7:288.

herculaneus, Camponotus (Syn.

Formica noveboracensis), 1:
330; 7:377; 10:365, 366, 491;
11 :264; 12:181; 14.322°, 379%.
var. pennsylvanicus, Campono-
tus (syn.- Formica pennsyl-

vaniea), 1:62; 10:365; 11:113;-

12:181, 182.
hercules, Dynastes, 7 :249.
herilis, Agrotis, see Feltia.
Feltia (syn. Agrotis), 8:300; 10:
482, 519.
Hermit Osmoderma, 11: 268.
heros, Aeschna, see Epiaeschna.
Epiaeschna (syn. Aeschna), 1:
322; 12:364.
Herrick-Schaeffer, G. A. W., Wan-
zenartigen Insecten cited, 2:164.
Herrick, E. C., cited, 2:102.
herrickii, Platygaster, 1:321.
Herschart, G. H., insects from, 138:
3583.
herse, Apatura, see Chlorippe clyton.
Hershog, A., insects from, 6:189.
Hesperia lineola, see Thymelicus.
montivaga (syn. Pyrgus tessel-
- lata), 1:336.
Hesperid butterfly, 10:502.
Hesperidae, 1:335, 337, 339; 2:214;
Mod a WAY AS?.
hesperidum, Coccus, erroneous ref-
erence of Pulvinaria innum-
erabilis.

|
Lecanium, 2:32; 7:370; 10:512;

i222 2875 13374".

Hessian fly, detailed accounts by
Fitch (abstracts), 1:298-99, 321;
injuries, 5: 2638; 9:426; reference,
bet OOS, lo: 22125. 151 226: 3:
97; 5:286, 325; 6:176; 7:368; 8:122;
Sei eee oe weld, OOO sy OOD,
3637; remedies, 1:58, 63; 5:264.

Heterocampa guttivitta, see Cecrita.

manteo, 11:265.

marina, see H. unicolor.

marthesia, see Macrurocampa.

unicolor (syn. H. marina), 10:
481.

483

Heterocera (moths), dates of collec-
tion of, 14:3118, 312%; life duration
of, 1:339-41; reference, 9:450, 453,
456, 461; 10:481-83; 12:352.

Heterochroa bredowii, var. califor-

nica (syn. H. californica), 8:
296.
californica, see H. bredowii var.
Heterogenea flexuosa (syn. H. tex-
tula), 11:264.
textula, see H. flexuosa. :
heteromorphus, Tyroglyphus, see
Tyroglyphus heteromorphus.

Heteropacha rileyana, 2:40.

Heterophleps triguttata, 10:483.

Heteroptera, classification, 1:79; de-
predating on apple tree, list of, 1:

- 231; 11:270; number of species, 4:
165, 181; reference, 11:200; species
treated of, 1:264-81; 2:145-48; 4:
107-14; 156-58; 9:315-17; 10:480-39;
11:198-99; 183:351°-57°; studies
of, 4:10.

Heteropus ventricosus, 2:110; 6:187,
190; 10:385-86.

Hewson, R. C., on injury by chest-
nut weevils, 12:269.

hexadactyla, Alucita, 12:221.

Hexagenia bilineata, 4:124.

Heyden, C. H, G., cited, 2:116.

Hibiscus, Aramigus fulleri on, 2:
143.

Hickory, insects injurious to;
Amphicerus bicaudatus, 2:126.
Cacoecia argyrospila, 7:356.
Chlamys plicata, 12:362.
Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.
Cicada septendecim, 2:176; 12:

287.
Cyllene pictus, 2:223; 8:175; 138:
360%.
Datana integerrima, 12:309.
species, 4:40.
Diapheromera femorata, 1:111.
Halisidota caryae, 7:355.
Neoclytus erythrocephalus, 12:

246.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:77.

Phylloxera caryaecaulis, 11:

287.
depressa, 6:189.
Schizoneura caryae, 3:125.
Seolytus icoriae, 4:107.
Systena marginalis, 4:156.
Tropaea luna (syn. Actias), 2:
39

Xylotrechus colonus, 4:96, 194.
pig nut, Elaphidion villosum (syn.

E. parallelum), attacking, 12:
362.

484

Hickory borer, 2:223; 8:175-76; 10:
3827,

497; 13:360', 373°; 14:331,

4007.

Hickory nuts, Balaninus species
feeding on, 12:269.

Hickory stem gall louse, 11 287.

Hickory tussock moth, 1:328; 11:
364; .13:369'; 14:398*,

Hicks, I., cited, 11:177; 12:190.

Hildreth, S. P., cited, 2:167.

Hill, A. B., insects from, 8:297.

- Hill, S. B., insects from, 10:511.

Hill, W. W., insects from, 4:208.

hilli, Hypocala, 7:375; 14:3217.

Hillman, -F'. H., cited, 12:293: re-

ferred to, 12:294.
Himes, F. B., insects from, 9:463.
Hind,
wheat crops cited, 1:221.
Hippiscus tuberculatus (syn. Oedi-
poda phoenicoptera), 8:300; 9:330.

Hippoboscidae, 1:79.

Hippodamia, 6:118.
convergens, 3:153; 5:249-50, 257;

7:382; 11:282; 14:390°.
maculata, see Megilla.
hirticula, Lachnosterna,
300; 11:268.

Hispa, rosy, 1:331312:267.
suturalis, see Odontota dorsalis.

Hister, Hypopi on, 11:257. °

histrionica, Murgantia, see Murgan-

tia histrionica.
Strachia, see Murgantia.

Hitchcock, W. C., insects from, 8:

298, 300; 9:462.

Hitt, G. R., insects from, 10:509.

Hive bee, see Honey bee.

Hoag, I. W., insects from, 6:187.

Hoag, J. S., insects from, 10: 518.

Hoagland, Mrs, insects from, 5 :325.

Hodges, G. C., insects from, 9:464.

Hoffman, J. B., insects from, 5:326.

Hogeboom, C. L., insects from, T:

384. :

Holcus, Nectarophora granaria (syn.
Siphonophora avenae) on, 5:252.
Holly, E. N., insects from, 3:142; 8:

297.

Holly, insects on or injuring;
Phytomyza obscurella, 4:79.
Stagmomantis carolina

Mantis), 8:300.

13303, 28:

Holmes, Jerome, insects from, 11:

286.
?holosericea, Nyctobora, 13:3757.
Homalomyia, 1:168, 169, 171.
eanicularis, 1:168, 171.
cilicrura, see H. fuscula.
filoricola, see H. fuscula.

fuscula (syn. H. cilicrura,~-H.

floricola), 1:184.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

H. Y., Insects injurious to

(Syn.

Homalomyia prostrata, 1:171.
Sealaris 43168, 175

| tetracantha, 1:171.

Homaloptera, 1:79.

Homalota lividipennis, 5:303:
354".

Home farm [Augusta, Me.] cited, 5:
322; 14:3415.

Homohadena atrifasciata, see On-

cocnemis.
badistriga, 7:375; 14:321°

Homoptera, catalogue of N. Y., 1:
300, (abstract), 323 (reference); 9
381-4138; 10:498 (reference); char-
acters, 1:79; depredating on apple
tree, 1:331-32; 11:270-71; number
of species, estimate, 4:181; spe-
cies treated, 1:281-88; 2:167-87; 3:
112-28; 4:114-21; 5:243-58; 276-81;
6:141-48; '7:296-301; 8:152-55; 9:
317-19; 10:420-80; -11:200-23; 12:
272-98; studies in, 4:165.

14:

Homoptera edusa, see H. lunata
var.
lunata, 4:57-59; 5:315;. "‘(:3%;
14,;:321' 33835

var. edusa (syn. H. edusa),

4:57, 59; 7:375 3! taaaie

saundersii, see H. lunata.

Honey, spraying blossoms

arsenites affecting, 14::3707.

Honey bee fly (Eristalis tenax), 7:
229.

with

Honey bees, arsenical spraying of
blossoms, effect on, 8:280; 11:117,
122-24; examined for arsenic, 11:
118; experiments of Prof. Cook,
11:118; of Prof. Webster, 11:117-.
18, 122-24; insect enemies, 1:318;
legislation to - protect, 11:119;
parasites, 10:404.

Honey bug (Leptocoris trivittatus),
4:157.

Honeysuckle, insects injurious to;
Clastoptera obtusa, 5:244.
Mamestra picta, 5:209.
Phytomyza obscurella, 4:79.

Tartarian, army worm moths
feeding on fruit, 12:202, 203,

‘Honeysuckle saw fly, 3:88.

Hooker, C.. M., insects from, if:

205.
Hoose, J. H., insects from, 7:383.
Hop, insects injurious to;
Ampelophaga myron (syn.

Darapsa), 5:307.
Hydroecia immanis (syn. Gor-
tyna), 2:41; 10:372-78.
Phorodon humuli (syn: Aphis),
1:319, 320; 3:84, 112, 115, 148;
4:12, 197,199; 6:103> 26a5- 2.
331, 335; 8:122, 207-10, 267;

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

9:294, 369; 10:427-28, 429; 12:
307.
Rhizobiinae, 4:196, 197.

Hop tree, insects injurious to;
Enchenopa binotata, 1:287.
Heraclides, cresphontes (syn.

Papilio), 9:337.
Hop vine aphis, destruction by, 3:
84, 112, 148; 4:12; 6:103, 167; 10:
426-27, 429; general account, 1:
319-20; $3:115-18; 8:207-10; lady
bug preying on, 3:116, 148; 4:12;
life history, 8:207-8; reference, 1:
8, 296; 3:149; 4:197, 199, 204; 5:
iss f ool, Son, S20, D915-o.1la25 9:
294, 869; 10:362, 495, 497, 512; 12:
B07; 14,:349*, 352°, 359°, 360", 3705,
380°, 382°; remedies and preven-
tives, 1:319; 3:117; 6:167; 8:209-
10; when to attack, 8:208; 10:428.
Hop vine grub(Hydroecia immanis),
2:35, 40;. 10:372-73; 12:351; 14:
392°.
Hop vine root aphis, 4:196.
Hopkins, A. D., cited, 10:388; 12:
265, 266; quoted, 12:265-66.
Hopkins, A. D. and Rumsey, W. E.,
eited, 11°127, 135, 147, 178, 250;
12:193.
Hopperdozer, 7:338; 10:444.
horatius, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (Syn. Nisoniades, N,
Virgilius), 1:334.
hordei, Aphis, see

granaria.

EKurytoma, see Isosoma.

~ Ichneumon, see Isosoma,

Isosoma (syn. Kurytoma,
Pteromalus), 1:304, 307; 4:
11, 27-85, 205; 5:315; 9:458;
14:314*, 3573.

Pteromalus, see Isosoma.

Hordeum murinum, Nectarophora
granaria (syn. Siphonophora ave-
nae) on, 5:252.

Hormaphis hamamelidis (syn.
Brysocrypta), 9:409, 411, 412.

lamin. Gos Ho cited, 1:228 254-
walsG, 1425 -9:221,. 232; 7-255, 285;
10:408, -411;.11:197; 12:248 264,
268; referred to, 12:267: Galeru-
cini of boreal North America cited,
TE19 7,

Horn bug, spotted, 2:227; 5:227-31:
7 :246-55; 9:342, 444; 11:274: 14:
S625, O10.

Horn fiy (Haematobia serrata), de-
tailed account, 5:220-27; 7:332-33;
8:192-96; distribution, 5:226, 307;
9:296, 442; identification of, 5:
222-23, 310; injury to cattle, 5:225-
26; 7:333; 8:193-96; 9:144; intro-

Nectarophora

485

duction, 5:220, 223; $:193; 9:296;
life history and habits, 5:221, 222,
224-25, 306, 308; reference, 5:325;
8:126, 286; 10:497; 13:364°; 14:
OHO oye eal ore eke, pent Org, Cede een
396’; remedies, 5:226-27; 6:169; 8:
194, 196; 9:442.

Horn tail, 2:2263) 4:38 95;-3:314:-6:
171; 11:279; 13:339%, 341°;. 14:332%,
336°, 361°, 389°, 398°.

Horne, Mrs M. E., insects from, 13:
37%:

Horned Corydalis, 8:159-62; 10:497.

Hornet, bald faced or white faced,
1:3303 5:285; -%:229; 11:264.

Hornets, 1:78, 168; 4:190.

horridus, Acarus, see Tyroglyphus
longior.

Horse chestnut,

to;

Lycia cognataria (syn. Amphi-
dasys), 2:101.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orygia), 1:33, 64, 98; 2:69, 76,
G1 3(4°50 2 GAOT E2165, 92295,
437; 11:124. ,

Zeuzera pyrina, 9:426.

Horse flies, 6:116; 14:366°.

Horseradish, Nysius angustatus on,
5:32). }

Horseweed, Hydroecia nitela (Syn.
Gortyna nebris) on, 1:115.

hortensis, Julus, see J. caeruleocinc-

tus.
Smynthurus, 1:322; 2:207.

hortulanus, Bibio, 2:112.

Hoskins, T. H., cited, 11:250.

Houck, J. H., insects from, 6:187;
12:362.

Hough, R. B., insects from, 10:518.

Houghton farm cited, 4:103.

House fly, common; 8:265, 275; 9:

SHO. Sls marae, LURSUS On, 2:
U9. GolGSs. 4723105. 14 Sor:
Hypopi on, 11:257; reference,
£:62> 42167; G:1683> $2265; ‘9:
310, 3132 10:475;. 12:30T, 337,
388: 13:370°; Trombidium
musearum on, 7:384; 14:367*.
lesser, 1:111.

House plants infested by white
seale, 11:208.

Household centipede,
3748.

Hover flies, 7:229; 10:377.

Hovey’s magazine of horticultwre
cited, 11:248.

Howard, C. M., insects from, 7:382.

Howard, L. O., cited. 2:90; 4:80; 5:
220; '7:247, 296; 10:378; 11:138,

insects injurious

9:440; 14:

486

1G... 178,202, 2107 2273, 226, fax.
233, 249, 256; 12:183, 192, 230, 231,
248, 254, 263, 264, 292, 317, 321,
335; 13:344", 344% 352°; on Lint-
ner’s work, 14:304; on San José
seale. Li Bink 223. 2229 2ok>Te-
ferred to, 11:202; 12:182, 205, 207,
Dao. DOA 2Gke SBT:

Howard, L. O. and Marlatt, C. L.,
cited, 11:233.

Howell, G. R., insects from, 10:
iS 1 1285 2S S6l> 13 :373>

Hoysradt, L. H., insects from, 12:
360.

Hoyt, A. G., insects from, 8:299.

Hoyt, C. R., insects from, 6:189.

Hoyt, J. K., cited, 10:411.

Hubbard, H. G., cited, 10:405; 12:
191, 248; Insects affecting the
orange cited, 4:51, 115, 159; 5:184;
11:249; 14:344?.

Hubbard, S. H., insects from, 4:
208.

Hiibner, Jacob, Sammlung Europdi-
schen Schmetierlinge. Noctua cited,
1:116; 5:200; Verzeichniss bekann-
ter Schmetterlinge cited, 5:174, 192,
200; 7:225; Zutrdge zur Sammluny
exotischer Schmetterlinge cited, 5:
174, 180.

hudsonias, Systena, 13:373°.

Huested, S. B., insects from, 5:326.

Hulst, G. D., cited, 2:57; 4:20; 8:
A293 AS 192+ 253: 13343": -reters
ence, 13:345°.

humeralis, Purpuricenus, 1:297.

humicola, Achorutes (syn. Podura),

2:205, 244.
Podura, see Achorutes.

Humming bird moths, 5:309; 10:
494; 11:280; 14:380".
Humphreys, H. W. N., Genera of

British moths popularly described
and illustrated cited, 11:145.
humuli, Aphis, see Phorodon,
Hypena, 7:375; 14:321°.
Phorodon, see Phorodon humuli.
Hungarian grass, Blissus leucop-
terus on, 13:361".
hungaricus, Ascalaphus (syn. A,
macaronius), 11:239, 240.
Hunt, H. C., insects from, 3:140.
Hunt, T. F., cited, 4:80, 155; 10:378;
11:109.
Hunter weevil, 1:254, 256, 301, 305,
310,513, 518.
huntera, Pyrameis, see Vanessa.
Vanessa (syn. Pyrameis), 10:
507; 14:309°.
Hunting,
Huntington, David, insects from, 5:
oeo:

.insects from, 10:512.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Husbandman [Elmira, N. Y.] cited,
1:127, 149, 247; 3:153; 5:317; 6:
182; 14:329', 339°, 346°.

Hyacinth, cut worms injuring, 8:
236.

hyalina, Tingis, see Corythuca cili-
ata.

hyalinata, Eudioptis, see Marga-
ronia.
Margaronia, see Margaronia
hyalinata.

Phacellura, see Margaronia.
Phakellura, see Margaronia.
Phalaena, see Margaronia.
Pyralis, see Margaronia. 5
hyalinatalis, Phacellura, see Marga-
ronia hyalinata.

hyalipennis, Sciara, 5:265.

Hyatt, Alpheus, and Arms, J. M.,
Guides for science teaching cited,
10:478; 11:241, 250.

Hybernia defoliaria, 11:266,

tiliaria, see Erannis.
Hydrachnidae, 5:290.
Hydroecia (syn. Gortyna), 1:115, 305;
9:447; 14:311?.
cataphracta (syn. Gortyna), 1:
115; 10:373-76,. 5093. Pi 2ese
12:351; 14:392°.
immanis (syn. Gortyna), 1:115;

2:35, 41; .10:872-78; 12:351;
14:392%,

nictitans (Syn. Gortyna), 1:115,
340; 10:482.

nitela (syn. Gortyna, G. nebris),
8:192; 14:322'; account of, 1:
110-16; 8:191-92; characteris-
tics of its family, 1:1138; dep-
redations, -1:112:.- 223226; 32
135-36, 148, 149-50; 5:304; 6:
168, 176; 7%:377; 8:191-92; 10:
374; description of stages, 1:
113-14; food plants, 14112; 8:
191; natural history, 1:114;ref-
erence, 1:305; 3:140; 5:324; 8:
112; 10:376, 497, 509; 14:326,
326°, 332°, 335", 345°, 345°, 3545
360°, 382'; remedies, 1:115-16;
species allied, 1:115.
rutila (syn. Gortyna), 1:115.
stramentosa (syn. Gortyna), 1:
115.
u-album (syn. Gortyna purpuri-
pennis), 1:115.
velata (syn. H. sera, Gortyna
sera), 1:115, 340; 10:482.
Hydrophilidae, 4:182.
Hydrophilus triangularis, 6:188; 8:
298.
hyemalis, Anopheles, see A. puncti-
pennis.
Boreus, 2:236.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

~

hyemalis, Culex, see Anopheles punc-
tipennis.
Gryllus, see Boreus.
Panorpa, see Boreus.
Trichocera, 2:248.

Hylastes trifolii (Syn. Hylastinus
obscurus, Hylesinus), 1:8, 54, 247;
6:178; 7:335, 378; 14:323%, 326°.

Hylastinus obscurus, see Hylastes
trifolii.

Hylemyia antiqua, 1:180, 202.

antiqua (syn. Anthomyia), 1:
17%, 179, 180, 202.

deceptiva, see Phorbia fusci-
ceps.

similis, see Anthomyia.

species, 1:171, 180, 202.

tarsata, 1:171.

Hylesinus opaculus, 4:144, 145; 7:

852; 9:367; 14:350?, 357°.

trifolii, see Hylastes.

hyllus, Dynastes, 7:249, 250.

Hylotoma pectoralis, 12:359.

Hylotrupes bajulus, 4:20, 238.

Hylurgops, 2:55.

Hylurgus rufipennis,
tonus.

Hymenopsyche
Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis.

Hymenoptera, classification, 1:78;
4:167, 190; 8:300; contributions of,
3:140; 4:205; 5:324; 6:186; 8:296;
9:461; 10:509, 515; 11:284; 12:359;
delayed pupation in, 1:138; depre-
dating on apple tree, list of,
1:330; 11:264; Gordius a parasite
of, 4:126; number of species, 4:
165, 181; oviposition of, 1:74;
parasitic, 1:110, 187; pyrethrum
affecting readily, 1:40; reference,

see Dendroc-

1:161; 4:48; 10:360, 403, 475;
sense organs of, 4: 180; sexual
characters in, 1:172; species

treated, 2:217-21; 4:27-46; 5:164-
73; 6:109-11; '7:223-24; 8:163-69; 9:
335-36, 431; 10:365-69; 11:109-24;
12:181-82; 18:3257-42°; studies
in, 1:19; 4:10.
Hymenorus obscurus, 1:331; 2:226;
6:129; 11:269; 14:3323, 367°.
Hyoscyamus niger, see Henbane.
Hypena erectalis, see H. scabra.
humiuli, 7:375; 14::321°.
scabra (syn. H.erectalis), 9:454;
14:312°,
Hypera, 1:248.
rumicis, see Phytonomus.
hyperborea, Platarctia (syn. P. par-
thenos), 9:452; 14:312°.
Hyperchiria io, see Automeris.
varia, see Automeris io.
es Homoptera lunata on,

coniferarum, see |

487

Hyperplatys maculatus, 1:331; 6.
188; 11:269.
Hyphantria cunea, 1:57, 306, 328; 2:
838; 3:93; 9:295, 422; 11:264.
punctata, see H. cunea.
species, 11:264.
textor, see H. cunea.
Hypoceala hilli, 7:375; 14:321'.
Hypoderma bonassi, see H. lineata.
bovis, erroneous reference of

H. lineata.

bovis (syn. Oestrus), of Europe,
6:111-14; 18:364°; 14:349%,
367’, 396°.

lineata (syn. H. bonassi, H.
bovis in error), 1:299; 6:111-

12, 114-15; 18:364°; 14:349%,
3677, 396%.
hypophlaeas, Chrysophanus, see

Heodes.
Heodes (syn. Chrysophanus, C.
americanus), 3:108; 4:137; 5:
285.
Hypoprepia fucosa, 12:360.
Hypopus, 11:256, 257, 258.
Hypothenemus dissimilis, 11:270.
erectus, 11:270.
eruditus, 11:270.
Hyppa xylinoides, 4:138; 10:482;
14:357°.
Hypsopygea costalis, see Pyralis.

Hystricia abrupta, see Bombylio-
myia.
vivida, see Bombyliomyia ab-

rupta.

icelus, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
Bao pO, Gols. OOO. ue-k ers oe
449; 14:306%, 311%, 321*, 327%.
Ieerya purchasi, 4:187, 188; 5:326;
6:104; 7:340; 8:275; 11:271.
Icerya scale and parasite, 7:360.
iceryae, Lestophonus, 6:105.
Ichneumon flies, 1:78, 84, 101, 145,
176, 187, 308,313; 4.188, 201; Sz
PN (A yaee ot Use ES os UY Oma 821A elie

-Ichneumon caeruleus, 7 :228.

flavizonatus, 12:211.

hordei, see Isosoma.

leucaniae, 12:211.

lunator, see Thalessa.

signatipes, 7:228.

Ichneumonidae, attacked by En-

tomophthora sphaerosperma,
7:316; beneficial habits of, 4:
85; 8:275; on flowers, 5:284;
parasitic on bag worm, 1:85;
parasitic on plant lice, 1:3023.
parasitic on red humped ap-
ple tree caterpillar, 3:90;
parasitic on vagabond Cram-

488

bus, 1:145; species treated of,
1:85, 145; 4:35-42; 8:163-66.
aphidivorous, 5:253.

Ichthyura inclusa, see Melalopha.

vau, see Melalopha apicalis.

icoriae, Scolytus, 4:107.

Icterus galbula, see Baltimoreoriole.

Idiocerus, 9:396.

alternatus, 9:399, 410.
lachrymalis, 9:398-99.
maculipennis, 9:399.
pallidus, 9:399.

suturalis, 9:399.

verticis (syn. Jassus), 9:410.

ignota, Monostegia, 9:431.,

Illiger’s Magazin ftir Insectenkunde
cited, 10:387.

Illinois industrial university, course
in entomology at, 12:344.

Illinois state agricultural society,
Journal cited, 2:139; Transactions
cited, 2:148; 4:158.

Illinois state department of agri-
culture, Transactions cited, 2:148;
AIDS ef eo Olle La IAG... Wee
also Insects of Illinois.

Illinois state horticultural society,
Transactions cited, 5:201; 8:129;
LP26; 43:352'.

Illinois state laboratory of natural
history, Bulletin cited, 4:80; 5:207;
P1233 34 12 :298:

Imatisma posticata, see Mallota.

Imbricated snout beetle, 1:331; 11:
269.

imbricator, Eriosoma, see Pemphi-

gus.
Pemphigus (syn. Eriosoma,
Schizoneura), 93:123-26, 142,

152,..1538; 9-408, 411, 412:-12;
355, 063; 14:346°, 352*, 394°.
Schizoneura, see Pemphigus.
imbricatus, Epicaerus, 1:331; 11:
269.
imbricornis, Prionus, 1:330; 11:268.
immaculata, Cistogaster, 12:210.
immaculatus, Myrmeleon, 7:318,
384; 9:440; 11:236, 237, 238, 240;
14:374'.
immanis, Gortyna, see Hydroecia.
Hydroecia (syn. Gortyna), 1:
1415; 2:35, 41; 10-372-73; 12:
351; 14,:392°.
immunis, Sphenophorus, see_ S.
placidus. ;
impatiens, Culex, < SEE Ae
brinus.
imperatoria, Phalaena, see Basilona
imperialis.
Imperial moth, 18:342°-513; 14:400*.
See also Basilona imperialis.

conso-

)

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

imperialis, Attacus, see Basilona.
Basilona (syn. Ceratocampa,
Citheronia, Dryocampa,
Hacles), 2:232; 4:20, 21; 5:
324; 9:447, 462; 10:481; 12:
360; 13:342°-51°; 14:3107, 312+,
834°, 400%.
Ceratocampa, see Basilona.
Citheronia, see Basilona.
Dryocampa, see Basilona.
Eacles, see Basilona.
impiger, Culex (syn. C. implacabi-
lis), 12:321.
implacabilis, Culex, see C. impiger.
implicita, Lachnosterna, 9:355.
impressus, Julus, see Parajulus.
Parajulus (syn. Julus), 3:132.
impunctatus, Cixius, see Myndus.
Myndus (syn. Cixius), 9:386,
410.

inaequalis, Craponius, 2:33; 8:286,
299; 9:364, 365; 10:498; 14:3728,
383".

incertum, Elaphidion, 11:284.

incertus, Melanotus, see M. decuma-
nus.

Inch plant, Aramigus fulleri on, 2:
148.

Inch worms, 2:98.

Inchbald, P., referred to, 4:205, 206;
1121.63.65. :

Ineisalia -irus (syn. 'Theela, “Pf,
arsace, T. henrici), 3:140; 4:187;
9:449; 11:254; 14:311°.

inclusa, Ichthyura, see Melalopha.

Melalopha (syn. Ichthyura), 9:
450.
inconstans, Molobrus, see Sciara,
Sciara (syn. Molobrus), 10:387.
incrassata, Phora, 10:405.
Inecurvaria acerifoliella (syn. Ornix),
1:308; 5:215-19; 9:458; 14:
314°,
iridella, see I. acerifoliella.
incurvus, Tachys, 5:303; 14:354?.
inda, Cetonia, see Euphoria.
Euphoria, see Euphoria inda.
Euryomia, see Euphoria.
Trichius, see Euphoria.

Independent [New Paltz,
quoted, 12:196.

Indian cetonia, 1:232-39, 330; 8:295;
9:448; 10:504; 11:268; 14:336.
See also Euphoria inda.

Indian meal moth, 11:267.

Indiana farmer and gardener cited,
2:102.

Indiana horticultural society, 7rans-
actions cited, 13:352°

Indiana state board of agriculture,
Report cited, 12:191. ;

N.. o: hal

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

indigenella, Mineola (syn. Phycis),
P20: tOrniey: 1 bet21, 266.
Phycis, see Mineola.
indistinctus, Macrops, 10:517.

indivisalis, Tortricodes, see Gabe-
rasa ambigualis.

indus, Scarabaeus, see Huphoria
inda.

Industrialist cited, 7:255; 10:4382.
inermis, Agrotis, see Peridroma
saucia.
Smilia, see Stictocephala.
Stictocephala (syn. Smilia), 1
284; 9:388, 440.
infans, Brephos, 7:375; 14:321°.
infirma, Orthodes, see O. crenulata.
inflata, Zaraea (syn. Abia capri-
folium), 1:42.

infuscata, Chortophaga, see OC,
_ viridifasciata.
Locusta, see Chortophaga viri-
difasciata.
infuscatus, Gomphocerus, see

Chortophaga viridifasciata.
Infusoria, Tyroglyphus feeding on,
22255.
Ingalsbe, G. M., insects from, 9:463.
ingeniosus, Myrmeleon, 11:238.
Ingram, H. B., insects from, 18:
aie .
inimica, Cecidomyia, see Diplosis.
Diplosis (syn. Cecidomyia), 1

aoe
inimicus, Amblycephalus, see Delto-
. cephalus.

Deltocephalus (syn. Ambly-
cephalus), 9:401-2, 410.
innumerabilis, Coccus, see Pulvi-

naria.

Leeanium, see Pulvinaria.
Pulvinaria, see Pulvinaria in-
numerabilis.
inornata, Atymna (syn. Cyrtolobus,
Smilia), 1:284; 9:388, 410.
_ Smilia, sce Atymna. |
_ Piphia, 8:288. .
inornatus, Cyrtolobus, see Atymna
inornata.
Inquilines, 1:61.

inquinata, Mantis, see Stagmoman-

tis carolina.
inquinatellus, Crambus,
-inquinatus, Aphodius,
379; 14:323°, 352°.
-inquisitor, Cryptus, see-Pimpla.
Pimpla (syn. Cryptus), 1:84.
Insect depredations, excessive, in
United States, 1:8; losses from,
1:5; preventives of, 1:63-65; reme-
dies for, 1:56-63; secrecy of, 8:
263-64; depredators on the apple
tree; list of, 1:327-382; 11:263-72;

1:150.

S02) Pe

489

diseases, cultivation of, 7:341;
enemies, how to meet them, 8:
258-69; fauna of United States, 4:
181; habits, necessity of knowl-
edge of, 1:14; orders, special
studies in, 4:164-65; pests, boun-
ties for, 9:486-37.

Insect life cited, 5:216, 220, 227, 234;
6224 1,2:256,0 2970, . 021, . 324° S129,
133, 141; 9:300, 301, 309, 317, 318;
'10:378, 388, 389, 405, 408, 411, 417,
433, 458, 454, 478, 497; 11:109, 140,
LADS A, AIS. 14, 135, 142- 146:
Le SLD ees GOL Mk laeled, aS,
184,482,197, 199,207, 210, 222,
223;, 229, 201, . 292, 20d, 24a. 244,
247, 248, 250;. 12:183, 191, 192,
198, 218, 230, 235, 248, 254, 268,
Zieh COOL LOL, Zoo eos tos
13:3447, 3444, 3528, 352°, 353°, 14:
38817; quoted, 14:304'; reprint
from, 11:117-22, 249.

Insect pests, number of, 4:188;
ravages, how met, 4:189-90;
increase of, 4:186; possibility
of prevention, 8:268; studies,
progress in, 7:331;

pests introduced;
Adelphagrotis
Agrotis);: 1:8...
Anthrenus scrophulariae, 1:9;
GPC Book
Aphis brassicae, 6:148.

mali, 1:8.

Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:206.
Carpocapsa pomonella, 1:8.
Cecidomyia destructor, 1:58,
Sa.
Cephus pygmaeus, 7:334; 8:167.
Cladius pectinicornis, 10:499.
Crioceris asparagi, 1:8; 5:335;
8:251.

_12-punctata, 8: 250; 12: cao,
Dermestes Jardarius, 6:120.
Diplosis pyrivora, 1:8: 72335; 8:

142.
Emphytus cinctus, -10:499.
Galerucella luteola (syn. Gale-
ruca xanthomelaena), 5:236;
CBSO He &
Gossyparia ulmi, 12 298,
Haematobia. serrata, 5:222; %:
Sao; S193:

Heliothis armiger, 1 8.
_Hylastes trifolii (syn. Hylasti-
nus obscurus), 1:8; '7:335.
Icerya. purchasi, 7:340; 8:275.
Lygaeonematus erichsonii (syn.

Nematus), 7:385; 8:169.
Mamestra trifolii, 1:8.
Monomorium pharaonis, 11:
110.

prasina (syn.

490

Insect pests introduced (cont'd)

Mytilaspis pomorum (syn. M.
pomicorticis), 1:8.

Myzus cerasi, 5:254.

Nectarophora granaria (syn.

Siphonophora avenae), 1:8; 5:

247; 7:335.
Noctua baja (syn. Agrotis), 1:8.

-e-nigrum (syn. Agrotis), 1:8.

plecta (syn. Agrotis), 1:8.
Otiorhynchus singularis (syn.
O. picipes), 10:419.

= sulcatus, 10:419.

Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),
1:8.

Phloeotribus liminaris, 5:319.

Phorbia ceparum (syn. An-
thomyia), 1:8, 173.

Phorodon humuli, 1:8; 7:335; 8:
207.

Phytonomus punctatus, 1:251-
52; 10:487.

Pieris rapae, 1:8; 7:335; 8:251.
Plodia interpunctella (syn.
Ephestia), 1:8.
Porthetria dispar (syn. Ocneria),

7 :335. .

Pteronus ribesii (syn. Nematus
ventricosus), 1:8; 2:217; 7:
335.

Pyralis ecostalis, 11:148.

Sesia tipuliformis (syn. Aege-
ria),

ead eck dispar, 9:419.

Xylophasia arctica (syn. Ha-
dena), 1:8.

Insecticides, general, 4:190-91; 8:

274;
specific;

arsenites with Bordeaux mix-
ture, 9:485.

bisulfid of carbon,*1:47.

borax, 1:348.

carbolie acid, 1:47-48; 2:27-28.

carbolic wash, 2:24-26; 27-28.

carbolized plaster, 7:346.

cayenne pepper, 2:34 |

eoal ashes, 2:24.

coal oil refuse, 2:27.

eoal tar, 1:50-52.

gas lime, 1:52-55.

“gold dust,” 9:434.

gypsum and kerosene, 2:29.

hellebore, 1:40-43.

kerosene, 1:438-45.

kerosene emulsion, 2:36-38; 8:
209.

lime and arsenites, 9:416.

london purple, 1:34-36; 9:414-15.

may weed (Maruta cotula), 2
34.

naphthaline, 2:34-35.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Insecticides, specific (cont'd)

ox eye daisy (oe E St BEd
vulgare), 2:34.

parafiin oil, 1:46-47, 3438.

paris green, 1:25-34.

pyrethrum, 1:36-40; 2:26.

road dust, 2:27.

saltpeter, 2:28.

soap powders, 9:434.

soluble phenyle, 1:48-50.

sulfur, 2:32. 5;

tobacco, infusion of, 2:31-32.

tobacco juice vaporized, 2:29-
31

See also Remedies and preven-
tives for insect depredations.

Insects, classification of, 1:78-S0;

studies of, 4:166-69; 8:227; depre-
dations, 1:2-8; 12:341-42; food
habits of, 4:186; immense number
of, 1:12-14; injurious to orchard
and garden, experience with, 7:
342; introduced, increased de-
structiveness of, 1:9-10; introduc-
tion from abroad, 4:186; life dura-
tion of, 1:339-41; life histories, 1:
22; 4:166; 12:342-48; limited
knowledge of early stages, 4:181-
82; number described, 4:165; 8:
266-67; number estimated, 12:342;
of national museum, 4:182-83; of
past year, 7:331; omnipresence of,
12:343; rapidity of propagation, 8:
267; small size of, 8:264-66; some
injurious, of Mass. 8:227.

beneficial introduced; Clerus
formicarius, 10:500; Lestophonus
iceryae, 6:105; Novius cardinalis
(syn. Vedalia), 6:105.

Insects of Illinois, Report cited, 1:

81, 99, 110, 111, 116, 227, 228, 233,
239, 264, 271; 2:57, 68, 69, 89, 102,
117, 126, 149, 168, 180, 188; 4:20,
80; 114, -1553..5:193,. 201, 207-2
227, 246, 253; 6:125, 147; 7:255,
277, 321; 8:129; 9:307, 317, 330; 10:
388, 408, 453; 11:126, 146, 160,
250;12:183, 191, 205, 218, 235, 237
243, 290, 314; 13:343°, 343°, 352°, |
352°:

Insects of Masschusetts, sec Pack-

ard, A. S., Report on the injurious
and beneficial insects of Massa-
chusetts.

Insects of Missouri, see Riley, C. V.
Insects of New York (Fitch), Report

cited, 1:87, 172, 184, 194, 201, 202,.
221, 227, 239, 281; 2:68, 102, 125,
168, 180, 203; 3:183; 4:20, 27, 114;
5:184, 192, 215, 227, 246, 253; 8:
152, 153; 9:317; 10:408, 477; 11:
109, 203, 248; 12:218, 243, 264, 301;
quoted, 11:202.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 491

Insects of New York (Lintner), Re-
port abstracts from, 12:351-52,
856-57; Report cited, 2:90; 4:20; 5:
164, 207, 216; 6:184; 7:242, 247,
256, 296, 321, 324; 8:133, 152, 160,
166, 169; 9:299, 300, 318, 330; 10:
378, 388, 408, 416, 488, 454, 473;
11:109, 126, 127, 134, 142, 146, 152,
a7. J 602,162 160, 1 01,10, A8l,
182, 198, 203, 205, 241, 242, 249,
251, 283; 12:190, 214, 218, 223, 235,
238, 239, 243, 248, 252, 12:2538, 264,
265, 268, 273, 290, 292, 314.

Insects received from New York

localities;

Adams, 10:518; 11:170, 285,
286; 12:3638.

Afton, 4:207.

Albany, 3:140, 141, 142; 4:205,
206, 207, 208; 5:324, 325, 326;
6:187, 188, 189, 190; 7:381, 382,
383, 384; 8:296, 297, 298, 299,
300; 9:461, 462, 463, 464; 10:
515, 516, 517, 518, 519; 11:162,
285, 287, 288; 12:359, 360, 361,
Sie aOa oO4;" bo pti, O11’,
Meat OO, lo, Slo, alt,

BAe, ote O10», O10.

Albion, 6:187; 10:516; 12:359, 360.

Aleove, 8:300.

Alder Creek, 13:374?.

Alfred, 4:207; 6:187; 7:383; 10:
517, 519.

Amenia, 12:360.

Amsterdam, 3:141, 142.

Argyle, 11:186.

Athens, 8:299; 10:516, 517; 11:
286.

Ausable Forks, 7:382; 8:297,
300; 9:463; 10:518; 11:197,
286; 12:359; 13:372%.

‘Barkus, 7:382.

Barrytown, 9:462,

Bath, 8:299.

Bayport, 5:325.

Bayville, 5:324.

Beedes, 6:190.

Belleville, 6:190.

Bellport, 5:325; 8:298; 11:285;
12:362; 13:3714, 3741.

Belmont, 4:208.

Bergen, 3:141.

Bethany, 4:206.

Big Flats, 10:519.

Binghamton, 11:284.

Blauvelt, 5:326.

Branchport, 5:325; 6:189,

Brighton, 10:517.

Brockport, 7:382.

Brooklyn, 5:324; 7:384; 9:464;
13 :360?, 371°, 373°

Buffalo, 7:382; 9:463.

Buskirk’s Bridge, 8:300.

Insects received from New York

localities (cont'd)

Cambridge, 9:463; 10:515; 12:
359, 360.

Camden, 13:375*.

Camillus, 9:464.

Canaan, 9:464; 11:288.

Canajoharie, 4:208; 5:324.

Canandaigua, 4:208; 12:363.

Canastota, 7:382; 8:296.

Carthage, 13:339°, 3707.

Catskill, 6:188; 8:297; 10:518;
11 :287.

Cazenovia, 10:515.

Cedar Hill, 18:372', 374°.

Central Bridge, 6:187.

Chatham, 4:206; 12:360, 364.

Chatham Center, 7:388.

Cherry Valley, 4:205; 5:324;
825; 8:296.

Clyde, 5:326.

Coeymans, 3:140; 4:205, 206,
207; 5:326; 6:188, 189; '7:382,
383, 384; 8:300; 9:461, 462,
463, 464; 10:519; 11:237, 284;
12:359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364;
So, otk. Sta, Oboe OIA.

Cooperstown, 3:142.

Corning, 11:284.

Cornwall, 8:298.

Cornwall-on-Hudson, 6:188.

Cortland, 7:383.

Cossayuna, 9:464.

Coxsackie, 6:187; 7:383.

De Freestville, 12:363.

_ De Kalb Junction, 4:205.
. Delmar, 11:285; 12:359.

Demster, 8:297.

Dey’s Landing, 7:383.

East Greenbush, 13:374°.

East Greenwich, 9:461.

East Hampton, 18:375+.

East Hartford, 11:278.

EKast Worcester, 6:187.

Elmira, 10:516.

Factoryville, 12:362.

Fairmount, 13:375?.

Fort Edward, 6:186, 187, 189;
9:462; 12:364.

Garrattsville, 8:300.

Gayhead, 11:285.

Geneva, 4:207, 208; 5:325, 326;
6:186; 7:382, 383, 384; 9:463;
LE205;-12:362; 1336.

Germantown, 13:374'.

Ghent, 5:325; 7:382; 10:519; 11:
284.

Glen, 9:462.

Glen Cove, 4:207; 6:188; '7:382.,
383;9:461, 464; 10:515, 516;
11:142, 287.

Glenmont, 8:299.

Glens Falls, 6:189.

492

Insects received from New York

localities (cont'd)
Glenville, 10:515.
Goldenbridge, 11:286; 13:371°.
Gouverneur, 7:384; 10:516; 11:

284, 286; 12:359, 360, 361,

363; 13:374°.
Greenbush, 10:516; 13:344°.

Greenport, 4:208; 6:190; 7:381.

Haines Falls, 7:381.

Hamilton, 11:287.

Howecave, 6:187, 188, 189.

Hudson, 7:383.

Ingleside, 10:519.

Ithaca, 10:515.

Jamaica, 7-381; 102517; 11:287;
13:371°.

Jefferson, 8:298.

Jewett, 13:3727.

Johnson Creek, 4:205.

Johnstown, 6:189.

Karner, 11:288.

Kinderhook, 7:383; 10:518; 11:

287.

Kingsbury, 6:186.

Kingston, 5:324, 326; 8-299: 13"
Shon

Knox, 7:381.

Lake Grove, 5:326.

Lansing, 8:297; 11:285.

Lawrence, L. I., 7:384.

Le Roy, 10:516.

Lincoln, 8:297.

Lockport, 5:325; 6:188; 9:464;

10:517; 11:286.

Loudonville, 4:208; 5:326; 11:

208, 287, 288; 12:363.
Louisville, 11:276.
Lowville, 10:518.
Lyndonville, 11:285.
Macedon, 6:188, 190; 8:297.
Malcom, 8:297; 10:517.
Mannsville, 12:362.
Matteawan, 7:384; 8:299.
Mayfield, 13:372°.
Maynard, 13:375%.
Memphis, 4:207,

Menands, 3:140; 4:205, 207; 6:
187, 188; 8:298, 299; 10:518;

17 2852424359. Sol:
Meridian, 6:186.
Mexico, 9:462.
Middlehope, 4:206; 5:326.
Middletown, 12:360, 362, 368.
Middleville, 6:188.
Millbrook, 11:278, 285.
Monticello, 9:464; 11:286.

Moriches, 4:205, 206; 6:188;9:463.

Mt Riga, 10:517.
Mountainville, 11:285.
Naples, 7:381.

New Baltimore, 9:462; 10:518; |

11:288.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Insects received from New York

localities (cont'd)

New Paltz, 9:468; 13:374°.

New York, 3:141; 4:207, 208;
5:324, 326; 6:188; 7:382; 8:
296; 9:461, 462; 10:517, 518;
21-157, 286; .12 :3635 lage
3744, 374°.

Newburgh, 4:206; 10:516, 519.

Newport, 8:298.

Niagara, 3:140.

Niverville, '7:388.

North Blenheim, 6:190.

North Hillsdale, 18:358%, 372*.

Nunda, 9:4638.

Nyack, 10:518.

Oakfield, 7:382.

Osceola, 6:189.

Oswego, 4:207; 8:296, 297; 9:
AGT: 10:515;"13.373"

Palenville, 11:237.

Palmyra, 8:297.

Pawling, 6:187.

Peekskill, 6:190.

Penn Yan, 3:142; 6:188; 8:299.

Pine Plains, 12:360.

Pittstown, 9:462.

Plattsburg, 8:298.

Pleasant Plains, 10:518; 11:273.

Port Ewen, 7:381.

Port Henry, 7:383.

Port Jervis, 3:140; 8:298, 299.

Port Kent, 11:282; 12:359.

Potsdam, 6:189.

Poughkeepsie, 10:516, 518; 11:
278, 284, 285, 287; 12:359, 360,
362, 363; 13:367°.

Racket River, 13:367°.

Ransomville, 7:382.

Rensselaer, 13:344°.

Rhinebeck, 7:381, 384.

Richford, 11:286.

Rochester, 3:141; 4:206; 5:324,
325, 826; 6:190; 7:381, 384; 8:
298; 11:205, 285, 288>-1a-3i
3127, 314.

Rome, 6:190.

Roslyn, 6:190.

Sandy Hill, 9:463.

Saranac Inn, 13:372°%.

Saratoga Springs, 5:325; 12:363.

Saugerties, 10:517.

Searsdale, 4:207; 5:325; 8:297,
299; 9:464; 12:363; 13:371°.
Schenectady, 3:142; 4:205; 7:
384;--9:462; 10:518, 519; 11:

160; 12:361; 13:371%.

Schoharie, 7:382; 8:299.

Scottsville, 3:140.

Scriba, 8:299.

Seacliff, 5:325.

Seneca, 6:187.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS | 493

- Insects received from New York

~

_ localities (cont'd)

Sherwood, 11:147.

Sinclairville, 3:141; 9:468;° 12:
3638.

Somers, 13:374'.

Somerset, 5:325.

South Butler, 12:362.

South Byron, 8:296, 299; 9:461;
10515; 518. :

South Hamilton, 11:286,

South Livonia, 8:298.

South Salem, 10:515.

Stamford; 13:372?.

’ Stockport, 11:288.

Summit, 6:189; 7:383.

Syracuse, 10:517; 11:182.

Tannersville, 12:360.

Tarrytown, 7:3838; 9:461; 10:
bays 142288.

Tiashoke, 8:298.

Tribeshill, 8:297.

roy, o.142; 5:324; 18:375':

Ulster county, 13:371%.

Urbana, 11:288.

Utiea, 5:325; 6:189;. 7:382; 8:

_ 298; 9:464; 11:284.

Vernon, 8:297; 12:362.

Waleott, 12:360.

Walworth, 8:297.

Wappingers Falls, 8:297.

Watertown, 4:206, 207, 208; 6:
188; 13:374°.

Waterville, 5:326.

Watervliet, 9:461; 13:374.

Watkins, 4:206.

Wemple, 12:360.

West Brighton, 6:189.

West Somerset, 12:360.

West Troy, 3:140.

White Plains, 4:208; 10:516.

Windsor, 13 :374*.

Yaphank, 12:265.

Yonkers, 18:368'.

received from other localities;

Abingdon, Va., 4:207.
Adrian, Mich., 6:189.

Agricultural college, Mich., 18:

elon
Agricultural college, Miss, 9:
A462.
Allendale, Ill., 6:189.
AMimgeton, N. J. 11:285, 287,

288; 12:360, 361; 13:3735.
Athens, Pa., 11:287.
Auburn, Ala., 12:359.
Baton Rouge, La., 11:287.
Benson, Ariz. 6:187, 190.
Berlin, Mass., 12:226; 138:371?,
3727, 372°, 372°, 373', 3744, 374°.
Birds Nest, Va., 4:206, 208; 9:
463; 10:518.
Bradford, Pa., 8:299.

Insects received from other locali-

ties (cont'd)
Buckland, Va., 9:463.
Camden, N. J., 11:284.
Cape May, N. J., 5:326.
Carlisle, Ark., 10:515.
Charlottesville, Va., 3:141; 5:
326; 6:187, 190.
Cleveland, Ohio, 4:207.
Clifton, New Brunswick, 8:298.
Coffee, Va., 4:208.
College Park, Md., 9:463.
Columbia, Ct., 3:140.
Columbus, O., 11:287.
Concordville, Pa., 11:285.
Crozet, Va., 3:140.
Dedham, Mass., 6:188, 189.
Detroit, Mich., 10:517.
Dongola, TIL, 117 :286.
Easton, Pa., 3:140.
Hatone ’"O.<) T 276.
Elizabeth, N. J., 5:326.
Falls Church, Va., 11:234.
Forestville, Md., 11:287.
Fort Wayne, Ind., 11:279.
Franklin, N. H., 4:207.
Fulwith Grange, Harrowgate,
Eng., 4:205, 206.
Galena, Ill., 4:205.
Glasgow, Mo., 7:383.
Glen Onoko, Pa., 11:237.
Gordonsville, Va., '7:382.
Greenville, Ct., 9:462.
Hackettstown, N.J., 12:352, 361.
Halifax, Nova Scotia, 8:300. .
Harmony Grove, Ga., 4:207.
Hartford, Ct., 6:188; 10:516.
High Bridge, N. J., 9:464.
Highlands, N. C., 10:517.
Hightstown, N. J., 5:325.
Kansas City, Mo., 12:300, 364.
Kenneth Square, Pa., 4:205.
Kingston, Pa., 9:464.
Kingston, R. I., 5:324.
La Fayette, Ind., 5:325.
La Grange, IIl., 6:189.
Lake Comfort, N. C., 10:519.
Litchfield, Ct., 13:371°.
London, Eng., 8:299.
Los Angeles, Cal., 7:382.
Lowell, Mass., 5:326; 8:299; 11:
165, 168.
McGregor, Ia., 11:283.
Madison, N. J., 12:354.
Madison, Wis., 7:383; 12:361.

' Magnolia, Mass., 11:178, 286, 288.

Magnolia, Md., 9:463.

Meadsville, Pa., 6:188.

Meriden, Ct., 9:463.

Middlebury, Vt., 6:188; 11:173.

Montreal, Can., 4:206; 8:298;
11 :286.

Montrose, Pa., 11:286.

494

Insects received from other locali-

ties (cont'd)

Morton, Pa., 4:208.

Mount Holly, N. J., 5:325.

Muscatine, Ia., 10:518.

New Brunswick, N. J., 10:516;
11:286; 12:361.

New Haven, Ct., 7:382.

New Oxford, Pa., 11:285.

North Haven, Ct., 7:298.

Orange, N. J., 4:207; 5:324, 325;

: 6:186, 187, 188.

Orlando, Fla., 12:184.

Ottawa, Can., 8:298; 9:462; 13:
eon.

Pendleton, S. C., 11:127.

Pittsburg, Pa., 3:142.

Pittsfield, Mass., 7:384; 10:516.

Pittsford Mills, Vt., 13:3727.

Red Bank Ne J. 723883.

Ridgewood, N. J., 3:440, 141.

Ringwood, Ont., 4:208.

Rock Hall, Md., 5:324.

Ruxton, Md., 13:366°.

‘St Albans, Eng., 7:383.

St Anthony’s Park, Minn.,'7:381.

St Catherines, Ont., 5:326.

San Domingo, W.. 1, ..11:175;
12:362.

Sanford, Tenn., 8:299.

Sargeantsville, N. J., 7:381.

Slab, Pa., 3:140.

South Quebec, Can., 7:381.

Springfield, Mass., 13:374°.

Sterling, Kan., 4:208.

Stone Ridge, N. J., 6:189.

Toledo, O., 5:325.

Tracy City, Tenn., 12:363.

Trenton, N. J., 7:383.

Wabash, Ind., 5:324; 7:381.

Waterbury, Ct.,'7:383; 9:461, 463.

Wellesley, Mass., 3:141.

Woodbury, N. J., 9:463.

Worcester, Mass., 5:325.

Yosemite Valley, Cal., 8:296.

insimulans, Ascalaphus, see Heli-
comitus.
Helicomitus (syn. Ascalaphus),
dal 239!

insolita, Sphinx, 5:317; 14:307°, 3393,

instabilis, Orthosia, see Taenio-
campa alia.

instrutana, Sericoris, erroneous ref-
erence of Steganoptycha clay-
poliana.

insularis, Epeira, 9:464.

integer, Janus (syn. J. flaviventris,
Phylloecus fiaviventris), 8:108,
166-68; 9:461; 10:497; 11:284; 12:
B08; LS:3a67, SAG" sate sor: 14:
382°, -

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

integerrima, Datana, 1:328; 11:264;
12:309; 14:399°.

interjectus, Lasius, 138:371%.

intermedia, Cucullia, 7:375; 9:450;
pe ee Io Repeersy od We

intermediella, Gelechia, 11:267.

interpunctella, Ephestia, see Plodia.

Plodia (syn. Ephestia), 1:8; 4:
206; 10:510; 11:267; 12:360.

interrogationis, Grapta, see Poly-
gonia.

Polygonia (syn. Grapta), 6:187;
8:187, 300; 9:446; 10:508; 14:
310°, 410°

var. umbrosa, Polygonia (syn.
Grapta umbrosa), 9:446; 10:

506.

interstinctana, Ephippiphora, see
Grapholitha.
Grapholitha, see Grapholitha
interstinctana.

Stigmonota, see Grapholitha.
Intestinal worm, 9:298.
invenustum, Simulium (syn. S.

pecuarum), 5:314; 14,:338°.
inversa, Lachnosterna, 9:355.
invitus, Lygus, 7:348; 8:105,
299. °
io, Automeris (syn. Hyperchiria, H.
varia), 1:72, 328; 4:206; 5:186;
6:187; 9:450, 453; 10:481; 11:
Poor date
Hyperchiria, see Automeris.
Io emperor moth, 1:328; 11:265.
Iowa academy of sciences, Proceed-
ings cited, 8:152; 10:433; 12:273.
Iowa agricultural college, Bulletin
cited, “2:180;- 10:453) Uitsisa2e
course in entomology at, 12:344.
Iowa agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 10:378; 11:
146, 147, 152, 242; 12:193; 13-a505
Iowa homestead cited, 1:99.
Iowa state agricultural
Transactions cited, 12:191.
Iowa state horticultural society,
Transactions cited, 2:126, 180; 6:
147; 18:352°.
Ipochus fasciatus, 11:268.
Ips fasciatus, see I. quadriguttatus.
quadriguttatus (syn. I. fascia-
tus), 1:330; 6:188; 11:267. .
iricolor, Serica, 1:330; 11:268.
iridella, Incurvaria, see I. acerifoli-
ella.
Tinea, see Incurvaria acerifoli-
ella,
Iridescent Serica, 11:268.
Iron weed, Aphis middletonii on, 9:
Si
irresecta, Mylabris, see Bruchus ob-
tectus.

125,

society,

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

iirresectus, Bruchus, see B. obtectus.
dirritans, Lyperosia, see Haematobia
Serrata.

Pulex, 1:62; 6:1738; 14:324*.
‘irroratus, Jassus, see Phlepsius.
Phlepsius (syn. Jassus), 1:331;

9:402, 410; 11:270.

Incisalia (syn. Thecla, T.
arsace, T. henrici),. 3:140; 4:
137; 9:449; 11:254; 14:311°.

Thecla, see Incisalia.

Irvin, E. F., insects from, 12:363.
isabella, Arctia, see Pyrrharctia.

Estigmene, see Pyrrharctia.

Pyrrharctia (syn. Arctia, Hstig-

mene, P. californica, Spilo-

irus,

soma), 7:225-28, 368; 9:4389;
10:48%, 502; 14:369', 374°,
385".

Spilosoma, see Pyrrharctia.
ischiaca, Anthomyia, 1:195.
Ischnura verticalis, 11:288.
sis eited, 1:151; 2:116.

Isocratus vulgaris, 11:167.

isomera, Cladius, 7 :224.

Isosoma captivum Howard, 4:34,
3D.

elymi, 4:32.

grande (syn. I. tritici Riley), 4:

aoe

hordei (syn. Eurytoma, Ptero-

malus), 1:304, 307; 4:11, 27-
30, 205; 5:315; 9:458; 14.:314%,
oot.

nigrum, see I. tritici Fitch.

secale (Syn. Eurytoma secalis),

AGO, 29:
tritici Fitch (syn. I. nigrum,
EKurytoma, Pteromalus), 1:

307, 320; 4:27, 28, 29, 30, 32;
ot) 24338".
tritici Fitch (syn. I. nigrum,
vitis, see Evoxysoma.

Isotoma albella, 6:190.

italicus, Bittacus, 10:477.

Itch mite, 3:129; 5:290.

Ithycerus noveboracensis (syn. Cur-
culio, Pachyrhynchus schénherri),
Ps00r 33 b311-270:

Iulus, see Julus._

Ivy, insects injurious to;

Aspidiotus nerii, 5:278, 317; 6:

M2 S245 1d 204: 14:°339°.

Chlorops nasuta, 4:72.

Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

scale insect, 1:48; 4:200. :
English, Aspidiotus nerii on, 5:

279° 11:204.
German, Plusia brassicae on, 2:

91.

Ixodes americanus, see Dermacen-

tor.

.
ee

495

Ixodes bovis, see Boophilus.
cruciarius, 6:158.
species ? 9:464.
unipunctatus, 6:158.

Ixodidae, 5:290.

Jack, J. G., cited, 5:164; 12:292; 13:
3531; referred to, 12:294.

Jacobs, J. C., cited, 12:230.

jaculifera, Feltia (syn. Agrotis tri-
cosa), 9:456; 10:377, 482; 14:316°.

j-album, Eugonia (syn. Grapta), 4:

USTs 52282)" 317s: 10507; 44:
BU0% Sa0".
Grapta, see Eugonia.
jamaicensis, Smerinthus, see S.
geminatus.

Jamestown journal quoted, 12:197.

Jamestown weed, Thrips tabaci on,
11:245.

Janet, C., cited, 11:166.

Janson, O. E., cited, 7:256; insects
from, 8:299.

Janus flaviventris, see J. integer.

integer (syn. J. flaviventris,
Phylloecus flaviventris), 8:
108, 166-68; 9:461; 10:497;11:
284; 12:308; 13:3367, 336°,
Bol, Sos) Taooe..

Jaques, Alonzo, Cicada chambers in
cellar of, 12:283, 284.

Jasoniades glaucus (syn. ‘ Papilio ~
CULMS) = 1327: 41386" "7 -219- 162
507, 519; 11:264; 12:307; 14:309%.

Jassidae, 9:396, 402; 11:270.

Jassus acutus, see Platymetopius.

fulvidorsum, see Phlepsius.
irroratus, see Phlepsius.
olitorius (syn. Coelidia, C. sub-

bifasciata), 9:398, 410.
verticis, see Idiocerus.

Jay, blue, 5:198.

Jayne, H. F., cited, 9:300.

Jenkins, J. M., insects from, 10:510.

Johnson, C. F., insects from, 5:325.

Johnson, W. G., cited, 1:116; 5:227;
11:283; 12:198, 248, 254.

Johnson’s Natural history, cited, 6:
175; 9:299; 14:325°.

Johnstone, J. B., insects from, 4:
208.

Joint worm, 1:8, 224, 225, 226, 300,
304, 307, 308, 320; 4:11, 27-35, 205;
9:458; 14:314*, 357°.

Jordan, Mrs, insects from, 10:516.

Joslin, E. D., insects from, 5:326.

Journal [Easthampton, Lies Sy
quoted, 12:195.

Judah, S., cited, 2:102.

juglandifex, Lecanium, erroneous

reference of L. prunastri.

496

juglandis, Aspidiotus, see Mytilaspis
pomorum.
Corythuca, 4:108.
Cressonia (syn.
10:508; 14:309°.
Lecanium, erroneous reference
of L. prunastri.

Smerinthus, see Cressonia.
Juglans (walnut), Datana integer-
rima injuring, 12:309.

cinerea, see Butternut.
nigra, see Walnut, black.
rupestris, Enchenopa binotata
on, 4:203; 14:351*.
juglans-regiae, Aspidiotus, 11:271;
12:316.
julianus, Strategus, 7:249.
Julidae, 2:229; 3:1382; 4:132; 10:445-
49, 487, 519; 12:300.
juloides, Gamasus, 3:134.
Julus (syn. Iulus), 1:307; 5:311; 10:
451.
americanus,
marginatus.
caeruleocinctus, attacking gera-
niums, 4:307; attacking pota-
toes, 3:132, 153; 9:464; 10:
445-49, 451, 487, 489; beneath
carpets. 5:296; bibliography,
3:133; habits, 2:229; infested
with Uropoda americana, 7:
384; reference, 3:142; 4:208;
Bava. 6190: 9199:.. 80513;
£2302 % ~ AA-BSS:, OO. + Ole,
BO c BUS. AO khye Oole. oes
remedies, 2:229.
complanatus, see ? Polydesmus
serratus.
guttatus, 10:449.
hortensis, see J.
tus.
impressus, see Parajulus.
marginatus, see Spirobolus.
multistriatus, see J. caeruleo-
cinctus.
Jumping cocoon, 6:186.
Jumping galls, 7:309, 310, 364.
Jumping seeds, 4:151-54; 5:315; 7:
309, 310.
Jumping spiders, 10:430.
Jumping sumach beetle, 5:271.
June beetle or bug, see May beetle.
green, 11:268.
June berry, Aspidiotus perniciosus
on, 11:224.
Juniper plant bug,
352; 14:397°.
juniperina, Pentatoma (syn. Cimex),
10:430-32, 490, 512; °12:352; 14:
oto", 393°.
juniperinus, Cimex, see Pentatoma
juniperina.

see ?Spirobolus

caeruleocine-

10:430-32; 12:

Smerinthus),

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Juniperus virginianus, see Cedar, red.
Junonia coenia, 7:381.
juvenalis, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
333, 334, 335, 3388; 6:180; T=
375.

Kale, insects injurious to;
Plusia brassicae, 2:91.
Thrips tabaci, 11:244. ©

kalmiae, Sphinx, 5:177; 10:508, 515;
14,:3098.

Kaltenbach, J. H., Monographie der
Familien der Pflanzenlduse. Phy-
tophthires cited, 5:246. Pflanzen-
feinde aus der Klasse der Insekten
cited, 4:73; referred to, 11:149.

Kansas academy of science, 7rans-
actions cited, 1:99, 254; 7:255; 11:
126, 134, 181.

Kansas agricultural
station, Report cited, 7:255;
432.

Kansas state agricultural college,
course in entomology at, 12:344.
Kansas state board of agriculture,

Transactions cited, 1:227; 10:482.

Kansas state horticultural society,.
14:306°; Transactions cited, 7:255.

Karr, Joseph, insects from, 18:375*.

Karraker, J. F., insects from, 11:
286.

Katydid, angular winged, 11:271;

13 :365'; 14:396".
oblong winged, 11:288.
Katydids, 3:185; 4:126; 14:341?°.
Keene Valley, Diptera of, 11:106.
Lepidoptera of, 11:106.

Keeny, N. B. & Son, insects from,
TO516;

Kellicott, D. S., cited, 1:116; 4:114;
12:218; insects from, 11:287.

Kellog, Mrs D. D., insects from, 12:
359.

Kellogg, V. L., cited, 10:378, 478;
12:230; Common injurious insects
of Kansas cited, 10:433; 13:353°;
referred to, 12:2382, 233.

Kemper, B., insects from, 10:518.

Kent, G. H., cited, 11:135.

Kentucky agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 12:243; 18:
352°; Report cited, 12:193, 248,.
2a, Lotsa.

Kermes, oak, 14:399°.

Kermes galliformis, 12:316-17, 356,
363; 14:3957.

experiment
£O=

| Kessler, H. F., referred to, 123:232.

keutzingaria, Eurymene, see Plago-
dis.
Plagodis (syn. Eurymene), 1:
329; 11:266.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Keyes, Addison, insects from, 13:

. 874s.

Kieffer, J. J., cited, 11:166.

King, , insects from, 12:364.

King, H. S., cited, 1:81.

King, P. W., insects from, 8:299.

King bird, 2:8; 12:209, 289.

Kirby, William, cited 5:246; re-
ferred to, 12:332, Fauna boreali
Americana cited, 2:145.

Kirby, William and Spence, Wil-
liam, Introduction to entomology
cited, 1:172, 184; 2:102; 10:477;
11:174, 240; 12:229, 322; quoted,
12:322.

Kirby, W. F., Synonymic catologue of
Lepidoptera Heterocera cited, 13:

«B44

kirbyii, Otiocerus, 9: 386.

Kirkland, A. H., cited, 12:193, 238,
240, 298; referred to, 12:241, 242,
294,

Kirkpatrick, John, cited, 10:408.

IKitchener, F. E., cited, 11:249.

lees AV. G., cited; 11:222, 232.

Knot grass, insects injurious to;

Nephelodes minians var. vio-
lans, 1:103, 104.

Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),
5:205.

Koebele, Albert, cited, 11:283; 12:
193.

Kolbe, H.. J., cited, 2:198.

Kxollar, Vincenz, Z'reatise on insects
injurious to gardeners, foresters and
farmers cited, 1:172, 239; 8:140.

Kowarz, Ferdinand, cited, 7:242,
248.

Krauss, W. C., cited, 8:160.

Kricogonia lanice, 5:317; 14:306,

309°.

Krom, S)one.-cited, 12:278.

Kuehn, Ernest, insects from, 10:
bie,

kuhniella, Ephestia, 14:349°.

Kyber, J. F., cited, 5:246.

Laboulbene, Alexander, cited, 10:
416.
lacea, Carteria, 11:201.
Lace curtains injured by Anthrenus,
L131-%s.
Lace wing fiy, 1:79, 302; 2:176; 10:
429; 12:262; larvae of, 13:362°.
Lachninae, 9:412.
Lachnosterna, 1:305; 4:207; 7:254,
369; 9:3538, 355; 10:498; 14:
383".
affinis, 11:268.
crenul ata, 1:330; 11:268.
fraterna, 1:380; 11:268.
fusca (syn. Ty quercina), see
May beetle.

497

Lachnosterna gibbosa, 9:355.
lhirticula, 1 :38303;,92355;: LL-268.
implicita, 9:355.
inversa, 9:355.

micans (syn. L. SOS O05
11 :268.

pilosicollis, see L. tristis.

prunina, 11:268.

quercina, see L. fusca.

rugosa, 9:355; 11:268.

sororia, see L. micans.

species, 11:286; 13:369°; 14:
3983.

tristis (Syn. L. pilosicollis), 1:
330; 6:176; 7:369; 9:296, 463;
11:268; 14:3187, 325°.

Lachnus abietis, 9:407, 412.

caryae, 5:304.

dentatus, see L. viminalis.

laricifex, 4:195.

. populi, see Chaitophorus.

quercifoliae, 9:407, 412.

salicellus, 9:407, 412.

strobi (syn. Eriosoma, Schi-
zoneura), 3:125; 9:409, 411,
412.

ulmi, see Schizoneura.
viminalis (syn. L. dentatus), 3
1525 2k,
lachrymalis, Idiocerus, 9:398-99.
lacteola, Acidalia, see Hois.
Hois (syn. Acidalia), 7:375; 14:
SUT? naan’,
lactis, Acarus, see Tyroglyphus siro.
lactucarum, Anthomyia, 1:191.
Ladd, HE. F., cited, 10:377.
Lady bird, see Lady bug.
Lady bug, beneficial habits, 11:
; 282; classification, 1:78; colo-
nizing for plant lice, 1:61;
confounded with carpet
beetles, 4:196; 6:118; 9:302,
306; food habits, 4:81, 85, 188;
importation of, 10:362; odor
of, 6:119; poisonous juice
secreted by, 1:314; preying
on grain aphis, 1:318; 5:249,
257; preying on hop louse, 3:
116, 148; 4:194; preying on
jlamteinee: 15302.) 313; .5:254;
8:275, 284; 10:429; preying on
seale insects, 4:200;. 5:266-67,
800; 11:203; 12:298; reference,
14:347°, 348%, 349°, 3637, 390°;
species of, a corn pest, 4:80-
83; species treated of, 4:80-
84; 6:117-19.
_ Australian, 7:360, 382.
-15-spotted, 5:305; 13:3737; 14:
3048, 371°.
northern, 7:310, 311; 8:126; 9:
440; 14:374*,
painted, 2:186.

498

Lady bug, spotted, 4:80-84; 14:357°.
twice stabbed, 2:186; 5:267; 10:
501; 11:208; 12:361; 14:385?
two spotted, 4:12, 195; 6:117-19;
7:375; 9:306, 370; 11:280; 14:
820°, 367°.

Lady’s Thumb, Nectarophora gran-
aria (syn. Siphonophora avenae)
on, 5:252.

Laemophloeus, habits of, ,3:100.

Laemophloeus alternans, 3:100; 14:
Seer

Laertias philenor (syn. Papilio), 6
187.

laeta, Chlorops, of Europe, 4:72.

laetifica, Cucullia, 7:375; 8:292; 14:
a0, Sia", 321°.

laevis, Canthon, 3:102; 7 382.

Lafler, W. A.., insects from, HO iG;
12:360.

Lagoa crispata, see Megalopyge.

opercularis, see Megalopyge.

Lamarck,’ J. B. P. A. de, Histoire

naturelle des animaux sans verte- |

brés cited, 9:299.
Lamb’s quarters,
on De20O
Lamellicorn beetles,
228, 234; 3:102.
Lamenia vulgaris (syn. Poecilop-

tera), 9:387, 410.

Lampronota frigida, 1:145.

Lampyridae, 4:47, 84, 85, 88; 6:219,
316; 8:174; 9:344.

lanata, Aphis, 9:320.

lanatus, Diaspis, see D. amygdali.

Lancaster farmer cited, 6:147.

lanceolata, Enchenopa (syn. Mem-

bracis), 1:283. .
Membracis, of South America,
see Enchenopa.

Land turtle feeding on Cicada, 12:
289.

Landberg, A. von, insects from, 10:
Pi 2d bBo:

Lander, Benjamin, cited, 10:518;
12:273; discovery of Cicada cham-
bers by, 12:280; observations on
Cicada chambers, 12:281, 282-88.

Landers, C. L., insects from, 4:207.

Languria mozardi, 6:184; 14:329°.

lanice, Kricogonia, 5:317; 14:806',
339%.

lanigera, Aphis, see Schizoneura.

Cotalpa, 6:183; 11:268; 14:329’.

Eriosoma, see Schizoneura.

Schizoneura (syn. Eriosoma, E.
pyri, Pemphigus pyri), I:
43, Al, Bdl* 2:85; 1Sigs 12);
5:160; 9:407, 408, 411, 412,
413; 11:271; 13:366°-67?, 397°.

Mamestra picta

4:04,) 69; 74,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lansing, Abraham, insects from, 3:
142.

Lansing, Mrs Abram, insects from,
8:296; 11:288.

Lansing, J. A., insects from, 10:512,.
515, 516.

Lantern fly, 1:79.

Laphygma frugiperda, 1:328; 11:
265.

lapidaria, Leucania, see L. multi--
linea.

Laporte, FE. L. de, Histoire naturelle
et iconographie des Coléoptéres pub-
liée par monographies séparées
cited, 2:136.

Lappet moth, California, 11:265.

Larch, insects injurious to;

Chermes laricifoliae, 2:184; 8:
299.
strobilobius (syn. C. lari-—
cis), 1:46; 2:183, 185, 187.
Lachnus laricifex, 4:195.
Lygaconematus erichsonii (syn.
Nematus), 4:16, 205; 5:164-
12° 6:172: 7335; S6TiSees:
Melanolophia canadaria (Syn.
- Tephrosia), 4:21.

Nene leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:77.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84.

Tolype laricis, 1:87; 4:21.
European, Lygaeonematus erich- °
sonii (syn. Nematus), 5:164,.

165.

Lareh lappet, 1:87-89; 4:21; 14:335°.

Larch plant louse, 4:195.

Larch saw fly, 4:16, 205; 5:164-73;.
7:335, 367; 8:168-69; 10:497; 14:
362°, 368°, 382°.

lardarius, Dermestes, see Dermestes.
lardarius.

Larder beetle, 6:119; 8:179.

Largus, margined, 2:164-67.

Largus cinctus, 2:165.

succinctus (syn. Capsus), 2:164-
67; 6:1838; 14:329°, 342°.

laricifoliae, Chermes, 2:184; 8:299.

laricis, Chermes, see C. strobilobius..

Gastropacha, see Tolype.

Planosa, see Tolype.

Tolype (syn. Gastropacha, Pla-
nosa), 1:87-89; 4:20, 21; 14:
ood.

Tomicus, of Europe, 2:54.

Larix americana, see Larch.

europaea, see Larch, European.

larvarum, Physogaster, see Hetero-
pus ventricosus.

Lasell, Mrs E. W., insects from, 4:
207; 5:324, 325; 6:186, 187, 188:

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Lasioptera galls, 11:248.
Lasioptera rubi, of Europe, 4:66.
vitis, 4:63-67, 206; 5:304, 325; 7:
376, 382; 10:510; 11:248; 14:
320°, 354°, 354°, 357".
Lasius interjectus, 13:371°.
nigra (syn. Formica), 10:368.
species, 11:118.
Laspeyresia nigricana, 18:372°.
lateralis, Hxechia, 8:172.
Napomyza, 7:246.
Phytomyza, erroneous reference
of P. chrysanthemi.
lateritia, Hadena, see Xylophasia.
Xylophasia (syn. Hadena), 10,
: 482.
Lathridius pulicarius, see L. ruficol-
lis.
ruficollis (syn. L. pulicarius), 6:
183, 184; 14:329*, 830°.
laticinctus, Hemiteles, 12:211.
Micrcdus, 11:156.
laticollis, Prionus, 1:330; 4:22; 11:
268; 13:373°.
latiferreana, Carpocapsa, see Melli-
sopus.
Mellisopus (syn. Carpocapsa),
4.:153. _
latifrons, Helophilus (H. similis in
error), 4:200; 7:228-34; 8:287, 297;

9:440, 462; 14:349°, 372°, 374%.
latipennis, Oecanthus, 5:312; 14:
Bon:

Spilosoma, 9:455; 14:313°.
latipes, Enchophyllum, see Campy-
lenchia curvata.

latistrius, Crambus, 1:150.

latitarsus, Anthomyia, 1:171.

latreillana, Ctenucha, see C.
ginica.

Latreille, P. A.,
%:246; Die
secten in Cuviers Regne animal,
cited, 2:102; Genera Crustaceorum
et Insectorum secundum ordinem de-
posita cited, 8:155, 159; Histoire
naturelie générale et particuliére
des Crustacés et des Insectes cited,
3:133; 10:404; 11:240.

Latzel, A., Myriopoden der Oester-
reich—Ungarischen Monarchie cited,
SBE

Laurel, Icerya purchasi on, 4:187.

Laurent, P., cited, 12:248.

Lauxania flaviceps, 9:462.

Lawrence, R. H., insects from, 10:
516.

Lawson, George, insects from, 8:
300.

Lawton, I. H., observations on
Cicada, 12:275, 280, 282.

vir-

cited, 5:179;

Bearbeitung der In-°

499

Lazenby, W. R., cited, 7:256.

Leaf beetle, three lined, 1:32, 244,
296; 2:182, 186; 9:457; 10:491; 11:
286; 14:314', 342’, 379°.

Leaf bug, four lined, 1:271-81; 4:
2003%.5:2745) 10:512; 12-3633, 14:
SaG*, 300%.

Leaf crumpler, 1:329; 11:121, 266.

Leaf cutter, 6:186; 12:359.

Leaf hoppers, destructiveness, 2:
30; general habits, 8:254; injuri-
ous to wheat, 6:174; reference,
14:353°8; remedies, 1:45; 2:30, 38;
4:199; 5:302; 7:345; 8:255, 256;
‘spray of cold water for, 7:345;
spiders preying on, 10:4380.

Leaf miners, attacking hemlock, 4:
20, 59-60; in beet leaves, 1:203-11;
in marguerite leaves, 4:73-80;
number on oak, 1:4; reference, 4:
20201 es sa22: 9-3 1G.

Leaf mining Anthomyiidae, 2:46,
Ly Sy

heat roller: 2a; ANb2 2c) oO:
3874; oblique banded, 1:329; 7:355:
11:121, 266; 12:312.

Leaf tyers, 1:57.

Learned, W. L., insects from, 9:462;
11 :285.

Leather beetles, 4:197, 198; 7:3113
9:440; 14:348", 874°.

Leavell, J. M., cited, 7:247.

Le Baron, William, cited, 2:148,
228, 233, 271; 2:68; Insects of Illi-
nois. Report, cited, 1:110, 228,
2838, 271; 2:68, 149, 168; 4:114, 155;
S22; elo, 219; 9 :307T 281} 10:
408; 12:235, 237.

Lebia grandis, bibliography, 12:235;
description, 12:236; distribution,
12:237; figure of, 12:235; preying
on potato beetle, 10:496; 12:235-
37; reference, 14:381°, 399°.

Lecanium, 1:301; 7:384; 8:215, 216,
281; 10:497, 519; 14:3708.

acerella, see Pulvinaria innum-
erabilis.

acericola, see Pulvinaria.

acericorticis, see Pulvinaria in-
numerabilis.

aceris, of Hurope, 1:310.

caricae, see Pulvinaria innumer-
abilis.

fitchii, 10: 18.

hesperiduta, 2:32; 7:370; 10:512;
T2272 2813 toot.

innumerabilis, see Pulvinaria.

juglandifex, erroneous _ refer-
ence of L. prunastri.

juglandis, erroneous reference
of L. prunastri,

500

Lecanium liriodendri, 9:411.

maclurae Auth, see Pulvinaria
innumerabilis.

maclurae Kenn, see Pulvinaria,

nigrofasciatum (lL. persicae, in
erro, @sai9)) sa0;2<14-323-
323".

oleae, 1:332; 11:271.

persicae, erroneous reference of
L. nigrofasciatum.

platycerii, 11:222.

pruinosum, 11:271.

prunastri (L. juglandis and L.
juglandifex in error), 10:518;
11:205-6, 271, 278; 14:389°.

pyri, 8:299; 11:271.

salicis (syn. Coccus), 9:409, 411,
413.

species, 11:205,
363; 14:382"

tiliae, see L. tulipiferae.

tulipiferae (syn. L. tiliae, Coccus
tiliae), 9:409, 411, 418; 10:518;
11 :222; 13:374".

Le Conte, J. L., cited, 1:247, 254; 2:
132, 139; 4:93, 103, 155;5:231, 234;
9:299, 300; 11:197; 12:248.

lei Conte: io. and Horm,.7,GcHe
Riynchophora of North America
north of Mexico cited, 10:416; 12:
268. i

ibe. Conte; ‘J, %.;- HornaGs Hand
Leidy, Joseph, cited, 7 :255.

lecontei, Callimorpha, see Haploa.

Haploa (syn. Callimorpha), 9:
455; 11:264; 14:313°.
Lophyrus, 1:42; 10:515; 11:284.

lecontella, Depressaria; 7:375; 14:
5d ba

lectularia, Acanthia,
152; 9:458; 14,:314*.

lectularius, Cimex, see Acanthia lec-
tularia.

Lederer, J., cited, 11:1388.

Lee, Henry, insects from, 4:206.

Lee, H. C., insects from, 8:298.

Lee, L. M., insects from, 12:364.

Leeming, H. D., insects from, 7:384.

leguminicola, Cecidomyia, see Ceci-
domyia leguminicola.

Leidy, Joseph, Insects injurious to
shade trees, Report to the council
of Philadelphia cited, 6:147. .

Leigh, M. J., insects from, 11:286.

Leistotrophus cingulatus, see Listo-
trophus.

Leland Stanford jr university,
course in entomology at, 12:344.
Lema trilineata (Syn. Crioceris),

1:32, 244, 322; 2:132-36;
4,142, 207; 7:382; 9:457; 10:
491, 517; 11:284, 286; 14:314',

342’, 357°, 379°.

PoP al Ae

1620217,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lema trilineata var. tripunctata
(syn. L. tripunctata), 2:134.
tripunctata, see L. trilineata
var.
trivirgata, see L. trilineata.
Lemon, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus nerii, 5:279; 8:215;.
11 :204.
Heraclides ecresphontes
Papilio), 9:337.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Lempriere, H. L., insects from, 7:
882.
Leng, C. W., cited, 4:93.
lenis MS., Anthomyia, 1:195.
Lentil, Bruchus-lentis infesting, 7:
285.
Lentil weevil, 7:285, 288; 9:440; 14:
374°.
lentis, Bruchus, 7:285-88; 9:440; 14:
374°.
Leonard, J. C., insects from, 10:512,
leonardus, Anthomaster (syn. Pam-
phila), 9:449; 14:311°.
Pamphila, see Anthomaster.
Leopard moth, 11:265, 275; 12:360;
14:3887.
great white, 12:183-89; 14:399*.
lepida, Xylina, 7:375; 14:3078, 321°.
Lepidoptera, classification, 1:78; 4:
167, 190; 8:301; 9:465; collections
of, 7:219, 374; 9:450, 459; contribu-
tions of, 4:205-7; 5:324; 6:186-
87; 7:381-82; 8:296-97; 9:461-62;
10:509-10, 515-16; 11:284, 285; 12:
359, 360; dates of collection of,
10:481-83; 14:393*; delayed pupa-
tion in, 1:187-38; depredating on
hemlock, 4:20-22; depredators on
the apple tree, list of, 1:327-30; 11:
264-67; 14:311°; descriptions and ~
notes of, 1:333; larvae of, living
in pitch, 4:19; new sexual char-
acter in pupae of some, 2:213;
14:336', 343°; number of species
of, 4:165, 181; reference, 1:17, 22,
65, 320: 10:359, 463; 5075 tiie.
12:352; sense organs of, 1:69-71;
4:180; species treated of, 1:81,
167, 333-41; 2:57-110; 3:93-96; 4:
48-60, 151-54; 5:174, 221, 258-62;
7 :225-28, 302-7; 8:129-40; 9:336-
42; 10:369-86; 11:126-62, 289; 12:

(syn.

183-222; 13:342°-51°; studies in,
4:11, 164.
Lepidosaphes conchiiormis, see

Mytilaspis pomorum.

lepidus, Anthrenus, see A. scroph-
ulariae var.

Lepinotus piceus (syn. Clothilla), 2:
201.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Lepisma domestica, see Thermobia

furnorum.

Species, 10:518; 11:252, 13:375*.
Lepismatidae, 1:79; 2:207.
Leptidae, 4:174.

Leptocoris trivittatus, abundance,
10:435; bibliography, 4:156; 10:
432, 433; cannibalistic habits, 10:
434, 435; contributions of, 4:208;
11:287; description, 4:157; distri-
bution, 4:158; 10:486, 437; food
plants, 4:157, 158; food supply,
10:486; habits, 10:488; reference,
4:193; 10:568, 505; EL:270,2 283;
12 352: 14347", 858", 385", 3877,
391", 393): remedies, 10:488, 439;
spread, 10:433, 434, 437.

Leptocorisa trivittata, see Lepto-
eoris trivittatus.

Leptodesmus, 14:391’.

faleatus, 12:300-3; 13:375°;

308".
Leptoglossus oppositus, 3:141, 153;
14:346"

14:

phyllopus, 1:268; 3:153; 14:346".
Leptostylus, prickly, 1:304, 331; 11:
268.
spotted, 11:269.
Leptostylus aculiferus,
11:268.
macula, 11:269.
Leptura canadensis, 4:20, 23.
scalaris, see Bellamira.
Lepturges facetus (syn. Liopus), 1
oole £1°269.
Lepyronia, 4:120; 5:245.
parallela, see Aphrophora.

1:304, 331;

quadrangularis (syn. Aphro-
phora), 1:285; 4:121; 5:245; 9:
- 3938.

saratogensis, see Aphrophora.
Lestophonus iceryae, 6:105.
Letchworth, William, insects from,
102518;
Lettuce, insects injurious to;
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),
5 :205.
Plusia brassieae, 2:91.
simplex, 10:487; 14:3787.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Lettuce fly, 1:191.
Leucania, 1:71; 9:457.
albilinea, 4:56; 8:291; 10:482,
490, 509; 12:310, 356; 13:372°;
143155319", B19, 39D"
harveyi, see L. albilinea.
lapidaria, see L. multilinea.
multilinea (syn. L. lapidaria),
1:340.
pallens, 1:340; 4:206.
phragmitidicola, 1:340.
pseudargyria, 1:340; 10:482.

5O1

Leucania species, 14:314°.

unipuncta, bibliography, 12:190-
94; description of various
stages, 12:200-2; figures,
12, plates, 2, 3, and 4, fig. 2;
food habits, 12:205-6; life
history and habits, 12:202-5,
207; natural agents control-
ling,12:208; number of genera-
tions, 12:206-7; parasites,
1:146; 7:376; 12:209-11; pre-
daceous enemies, 12:208-9;
preventives and remedies, 12:
211-14; pupation, 12:206;
ravages in New York state,
12:194-98, 199, 309-10; rav-
ages in other states, 12:198;
reference, 1:100, 131, 184; 2:
pIRIOME SEL | Dea basy hau ene Senne le
482, 490, 519; 12:352, 353, 356,

; S602 “14 SIG S20> | S22" oop
379%, 393°, 393°, 394', 394?,
3952, 399°; remedies, 1:33, 538,

58; 12:211-14.
leucaniae, Sera see Winthemia

4-pustulat

Ichneumon, ta: BAN

Nemordaea, sce Winthemia 4-
pustulata.

Leucanthemum yuilgare, see Daisy,
ox eye.

Leucopis griseola, 11:164.
leucopterus, Blissus, sce
leucopterus.
Lygaeus, see Blissus.

Micropus, see Blissus.
Rhyparochromus, see Blissus.
leucostigma, Notolophus, sce Notol-
ophus leucostigma.
Orgyia, see Notolophus.

leucozonata, Glypta, 11:156.

Lewis, P. C., insects from, 11:287.

Lewis, Richard, insects from, 9:462.

libatrix, Gonoptera, see Scoliopteryx.

Scoliopteryx (syn. Gonoptera),
£:340:" Si1095 171-72; “93450,
456; 10:497; 14:313", 382°.

Libellulidae, 2:178, 213.

liberta, Chalcophora, 11:285.

Liburnia arvensis (syn. Delphax),
9:386, 410. .

Lichens, insects on;

Megilia maculata, 4:81.
Psocus venosus, 1:161.

Licorice (extract), Sitcdrepa panicea
in, 4:92.

Life zones, range of insects limited
by,. 11:179, 180; upper austral,
11:102, 180, 181.

ligata, Lioderma (syn. Pentatoma),

4:20, 25; 10:482.
Pentatoma, see Lioderma.
Systena, see S. taeniata.

Blissus

502

Lightning bug, 1:78; 4:85; 11:175.
ligneus, Otiorhynchus, see O.ovatus.
lignicolor, Hadena, see Xylophasia.

Xylophasia (Syn. Hadena), 9:

456; 14:316°.
ligniperda, Cossus, erroneous refer-
ence of Thyridopteryx ephemerae-
formis.
Ligyrus relictus, 4:204; 8:298; 10:
506; 12:313; 14:3415, 387°.
Lilac, insects injurious to;
Mytilaspis pomorum, 7 384; 10:
HLS! TAZ 87.
Podosesia syringae, 9:461.
Promethea moth, 1:70.
Lily, insects injurious to;
Hydroecia nitela (syn.
ty): tts S191:
Leptocoris trivittatus, 10:438s.
Myriapoda, 9:371, 372, 441.

Gor-

limacina, Hriocampoides (syn.
Selandria cerasi), 1:42, 60; 9:335;
14:375", 383°.

Limacodes, delayed pupation, 1:1387.
pithecium, see Phobetron.
scapha, see Hulimacodes.

limbata, Ania (syn. Nematocampa

filamentaria), 3:136; 4:206; 9:456;
11:266; 14:313".

limbatus, Brachytarsus, 2:141.

Lime, scale insect on, 1:48.

Lime tree winter:-moth, 1:329; 11:

266.

limenitidis, Apanteles, 12:210.

Limenitis arthemis, see Basilarchia.
disippus, see Basilarchia archip-

pus.
ursula, see Basilarchia astya:
nax.

liminaris, Phloeotribus, see Phloeo-

tribus liminaris.

limitata, Pandemis, 10:483.

Limneria fugitiva (syn. Banchus),

4-320: 244273290) 140." 150;
5:198; '7:381; 14:346', 352°.
oxylus, 12:211.

Limnophilidae, 6:189.

Limnophilus, 7:316.

Limnophora species, Chernes on, 3:

142.

Limonius agonus, 11:285.

auripilis, 7:351.
CONLUSUS, GSS 4(caole tools 13:
Stoa°; 14:3655:
4-maculatus, 7:351.
Limotettix exitiosa (syn. Cicadula),
6:174; 14:324°, 324°,

Limothrips, 11:247.
poaphagus, 5:158.
species, erroneous reference of

Thrips tabaci.
tritici, erroneous reference of
Thrips tabaci.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

a

Lina scripta, see Melasoma.
tremulae, see Melasoma.

linceci, Cermatia, see Scutigera.

Lincecum, Gideon, cited, 1:264.

Lindemann, K., Die am Getreide Le-

benden Thripsarten Mitielrusslands
cited, 11:249; Schddlichsten Insek-
ten des Tabak in Bessarabien cited,
e242.

Linden, insects, etc., injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:228.
Chrysobothris femorata, 6:197.
Clastoptera obtusa, 8:152, 299.
Ennomos subsignarius, 1:229; 2:

76.
gall mites, 10:457.
Lecanium tulipiferae (Syn. L.
tiliae), 9:411, 413.
Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.
Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:76, 77.
Phymata wolffii (syn. P. erosa),.
3:109.
Plagionotus speciosus, 11:280.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:
142, 143.
Sciara tilicola,
Thyridopteryx
mis, 1:84.
Linden borer, 12:245.
Linden moth, snow white, 1:329; 2:
(63211266:
linearis, Coreus, see Lygus praten-
sis. .
Gordius, 4:125.
Phytocoris, see Lygus pratensis..
lineata, Cercopis, see Ptyelus linea-
tus.
Chlorops, of Europe, 1:226; 4:.
72.
Cica 1da, see Ptyelus lineatus.
Deilephila, 1:119, 327; 5:15; 9
451; 10:508, 519; 11:264; 14:
309%.
Hypoderma (syn. H,. bonassi, H..
bovis in error), 1:299; 6:111-
12, 114-15; 13:364°; 14:349%,.
367", 396°.
lineatella, Anarsia (syn. A. prui-
nella), 1:151-56; 6:1738; '7:3869, 3753.
11:267; 14:316°, 318, S20 es
335°.

lineatus, Agriotes, of Europe, 1:46.
Lygaeus, see Poecilocapsus.
Lygus, see Poecilocapsus.
Phytocoris, see Poecilocapsus. ~
Poecilocapsus (syn. Capsus 4-

vittatus, Lygaeus Lygus,.
Phytocoris, P. bellus, P. 4-
vittatus), 1:271-81; 4:200; 5:
273; 10:512; 11-284" 12 ooe
14 336%, 349", 350%, 363¢.

5 :265. .
ephemeraefor-

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

lineatus, Ptyelus (syn. Cercopis,
Cicada), 4:120; 5:245; 7:383;
14 357%

Sitona (syn. Sitones), European
pea weevil, 1:49.
Sitones, see Sitona.
_Xyloterus (syn. X. bivittatus),
2:54.
lineola, Hesperia, see Thymelicus.
Tabanus, 9:462.
Thymelicus (syn. Hesperia), 4
Aare
lineolaris, Lygus, see L. pratensis.
Phytocoris, see Lygus pratensis,
lineolata, Catabena (syn. Adipso-
phanes miscellus), 10:482.
var. cerasi, Cremastogaster
(syn. C. cerasi), 10:365-66,
491; 14,:379*.

Linnaea entomologica cited, 11:162,

' 164.

Linnaean scientific association of
New Jersey state normal school,
14:306*.

Linnaean society, Journal cited, 11:
240; Transactions cited, 5:246; 11:
240.

Linnaeus, Carolus, Amoenitas Acad-
emicae cited, 8:155; Fauna Suecica
eneq. f:191, 239; 4:120; . 9:299;
Museum S, R. Ludovicae Ulricae
ineginac cited: * 1:232;.- 11:174;
Systema naturae,. cited, 1:191, 232;
2:164; 167, 187, 198, 208; 3:133; 4:
meets 15S: 53227, 2542 82155,
159; 9:299; 10:416, 480; 11:109,
134; 12:248; 18:351*.

Linsley, J. G., insects from, 8:296,
Pee tO 15s 137373".

Lintner, J. A., bibliography of ento-,

mologic publications, 14:308°-
ee eeiwed,, 1:81, 99, 111, 116, 127,
fA ta2, 157, 163, 207, 216, 221,

228, 2oaa, 209, 247, 254, 264, 281; 2:
57, 69, 90,. 97, 118, 142, 145, 149,
165, 180, 188, 208; 4:28. 36, 57, 638,
S005. able, 128. 151, 155, 156, 159:
5:164, 184, ise OA. 20 tos2lotolG,
Pe tel. 2ot, 246: 6: 147: C225,
228, 256, 296, pol; 82129, 141. 152;
9:299, 300, 307, 309, 318, 330; 10:
378, 388, 408, 411, 416, 4383, 454,
Ais et 109,127. 134. 146, 152.
NGO, G2 AGS, 177, 182, 233, 241,
242, 249; 12:190, 214, 218, 230, 235,
238, 243, 248, 253, 264, 265, 268,
2hagi2o, 292° 13:388°, 340°, 343%,
352°; memberships in learned so-
cieties, 14:305°-6°; new species de-
scribed by, 14:306°-8'; notice of
life, 14:3037-5';

publications, lists of; 3:142-54;
4:193-204; 5:299-828; 6:165-85; 7:

593,

857-80; 8:278-89, 290-95; 9:459-45,
446-59; 10:484-506, 507-8; 11:272-
83; 12:347-57; 13:364'-70°; 14:308'-
400°; Annual address of the presi-
dent of the Entomological club of
the American association for the ad-
vancement of science, 4:172-83;.
Entomological contributions cited,
E99. he IAG 2 S22 13... 6A EST on pane
TRA NOB < DOA Se DOT S290 = ae
299, 3800, 448, 449, 450, 451,
452, 458, 455, 456, 457; 13:343%,
348°; 14:306°, 306’, 306%, 3077, 307°,.
SUM OOt fe SOL, BOs OOF. OOL.
311°, 3127, 313’, 319°, 321°; Descrip-
tions and notes of Lepidoptera, 1:
333-41; Description of a new spe-
cies of Hudamus, 1:338-39; Ento-
mological reportsof Dr Asa Fitch,
1 :291-825; Insect Sandee nue
the apple tree, 1:327-32; 11:263-T2

Insects of New York, Report Cited.

2:90; 4:20; 5:164, 207, 216, 234; 6G:
184; 7:242, 247, 256, 296, 821, 324;
$2133, 152; -160; 266, (:169 492299:
300; 318: 330; 10:516, °° 388; 408,
416, 483, 454, 478; 11:109, 126,
IDT RASS, 142) DAG, 42, IDF 16U,
162, 165, 177, 182, 241, 242, 251;
12-190, 214, 218, 235, 288, 248, 248,
253, 262 eo O20, 20a, 200, 20s.
13 :3408, 343%, 3527, 360°, 360°; 14:
a0i',.. 305; 2008s, B06) 308% 308%
SUS I32( oa07,035) 002 > BOLterer=

periences with insects injurious to
the orchard and garden, 7:342-56;
Mosquito, 12:319-35; 14:399°; New
sexual character in pupae of some
Lepidoptera, 2:218-17; On an a:
parasite of the currant saw ek

217-21; On some species of Nisoni-
ades, 1 1333-37; On the life duration
of the Heterocera (moths), 1:339-41;
Our insect enemies and how to meet
them, 8:258-77; 14:360°; Plea for
entomological study, 12:336-45; 14:
399°; Present state of entomological
science in United States, 4:163-7T2;
Report of the Conmiitee on entomo-
logy (West. N.- Y. hort. sce.), 9:
414-21, 422-37; Report on some in-
jurious insects of the year 1878,
cited, 1:152, 233; Some destructive
shade tree pests, 14:388'; Some in-
jurious insects of Massachusetts, 8:

227-57; 14:343*; Some pests of the
pomologist, 4:183-92; 14:352'; Win-
ter insects of eastern New York

(Kitch), 2:235-44.
lintneri, Tyroglyphus,

12:352; 14:393°.
Lintneria, see Systasia.

10:452-53;

®

504

Lioderma ligata (syn. Pentatoma),
4:20, 25; 10:482.
Liopus alpha (syn. ‘Sternidius), 1
pols EL 269:
facetus, see Lepturges.
liparops, Thecla (syn. T. strigosa),
1:327; 4:137; 7:219; 11:264; 14:
SO kay aa
Liposcelis museorum, see Atropos
divinatoria.
Lipura ambulans, 2:209.
fimetaria, see Aphorura armata.
Lipurinae, 11:258.
liriodendri, Lecanium, 9:411.
Lissonota frigida, see Lampronota.
Lithacodes fasciola, see Tortricidia.
lithargyrellus, Crambus, 1:150.
Lithobius americanus, see L. forfi-

OCLC:
forficatus (syn. L. americanus),
4:208
Lithocharis, 4:175.
Lithocolletis crataegella, see L.
pomifoliella.
curvilineatella, see Bucculatrix
pomifoliella.
fitchelia, 1:156.
geminatella, see Ornix.
pomifoliella (Syn. L. cratae-
gella), 1:330; 11:267.
robiniella (syn. Argyromiges

pseudacaciella), 1:309.
Litorella, Peridroma saucia (syn.
Agrotis) on, 5:205.
Little, J. P., insects from, 3:140.
Little, Maleolm, insects from, 8:
2972 102587:
Little, Mrs S. A.,
POT: 1ODLZ.
Little, W. S., insects from, 8:298.
Livia femoralis, 9:404, 411.
vernalis, 9:404, 411.
lividipennis, Homalota, 5:303;
354’.
Liviinae, 9:411.
Livingston, Clermont, observations
on Cicada, 12:286.
Livingston, R. R., insects from, 10:
le.
Lixus concavus, 1:260; 9:463; 10:
511.
paraplecticus, of Europe, 1:260.
rubellus, 1:260.
Lochmaea crataegi (syn. Galeruca
sanguinea), 11:197.

insects from, 8:

14:

Lochner: «J. > 2A.,-“& Cox ansects
from, PO:517.
Lockwood, J. L., insects from, 9:

461.
Lockwood, Samuel, cited, 5:234.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

| Locust, classification, 1:79; destruc.
tiveness of, 2:156; 6:151-53;
| 9:297; 10:439-48; egg parasite
of, 1:182; histological studies
of, 4:167; Mantis preying on,
| .4:158, 161; name improperly
applied to Cicadas, 5:318; 6:
153; 9:333; reference, 1:52;
remedies, 1:40, 50, 51; 2:36;
9:444-45; special reports on
(reference), 4:176-77; species
treated of, 6:151-53; 9:330-34; .
10:489-45; transformations,
9:332; winter appearance, 9:
330-31, 439.
coral winged, 8:300.
devastating, 11:272.
green striped, 2:187-98, 223; 9:
298, 3380-34, 489; 10:498; 11:
271; 14:342°, 373°, 383°.
lesser migratory, 10:440; 11:
2 As
pellucid, 11:271.
red legged, 11:272.
Rocky mountain, Anthomyian
parasite of, 1:168, 181-84; de-
predations, 1:332; 10:489-40;
flights of, 1:13-14; loss caused
by, estimated, 1:7; Mantis
preying on, 4:161; number of
generations of, 2:196; 9:332;
operations against, 7:338-40;
reference, 1:17, 18, 198, 195;
2:192, 198; .44:165, 177, 4192;
| 10:496; 11:271; remedies, 1:
50.
17-year, see Cicada, 17-year.
Shoshone, 11:271.
13-year, see Cicada, 13-year.
two striped, 11:272.
Locust egg Anthomyian, see Wheat
| fly, deceptive.
|'Locust Hispa (Odontota dorsalis),
|. Is809°3202
| Locust leaf miners, 1:309.
Locust mite, 8:179-80; 10:497; i4:
IT ae eae
Locust tree, insects injurious to;
| Cicada septendecim, 2:176.
Ctenucha virginica, 1:317.
Cyllene robiniae, 1:317; 7:363;
Sli, 17:
Enchenopa binotata, 1:287.
Heteropacha rileyana, 2:40.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Lycia cognataria (syn. Amphi-
| dasys), 2:98.
Macrobasis unicolor, 12:315.
| Neoclytus erythrocephalus, 12:
246.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Locust tree, insects injurious to;

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:77.

Odontota dorsalis (syn. Anop-
litis scutellaris), 1:309, 320;
12:265-66; 13:3741.

Pomphopoea sayi, 6:1386.

Prionoxystus robiniae
Cossus), 9:426.

Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:
148.

Thelia bimaculata, 9:392.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-

mis, 1:84; 10:494.
black, Ecpantheria ocularia (Syn.

E. scribonia) on, 12:189.
honey, insects injurious to;

Cyllene robiniae (syn. Clytus),
1 Goat be

Enchenopa, 4:203.

Heteropacha rileyana, 2:40.

Maecrobasis unicolor, 12:362.

Megilla maculata, 4:83.

Locust tree borer, 1:317; 2:2238; 7:
363; 8:175, 363; 10:504; 13:360°;
14:366°.

Locusta viridifasciata, see Chorto-
phaga.

locustarum, Trombidium, §8:111,
179-80, 287; 10:497; 14:372°, 382°.

Lodeman, EH. G., cited, 9:318. ~

Loew, Franz, cited, 11:162, 164; 12:
229.

Loew, Herman, cited, 9:309; Diptera
Americae septentrionalis indigena,
cited, 1:216; '7:228; Neue Beitrage
zur Kenntniss der Psylliden cited,
Sa.

Loew, Herman and Osten Sacken,
C. R., Monographs of Diptera of
North America cited, 2:117; 4:68;
10:388, 404.

London pride, Poecilocapsus linea-
tus on, 1:277.

Long, A. S., insects from, 7:383,

Long stings, 4:40; 5:311; 8:163-66;

11:279.

black, 4:37; 5:305; 138:367°, 371°;
14333", 3557, 397°.

lunate, 4:35-41; 5:311; §8:108,
162-66; 10:497; 12:262, 359;

Pe tac3s. oot, ose’.

Longicorn beetles, 4:20, 23; 9:358,
427, 481, 485.

(syn.

longicornis, Ascalaphus, 11:239,
240, 241.
Diabrotieca, 4:82; 11:269; 12:

348; 14:391°.
longifilis, Dactylopius, see D. adoni-
dum.
longior, Tyroglyphus (syn. Acarus
horridus), 3:180; 5:292; 6:190; 11:
256; 13:364°.

BIOS.

longipalpoides, Gamasus, 11:259.
longipennis, Gryllotalpa, see
columbia.
Trypeta, 3:137.
longipes, Emesa, 6:189; 13:374°.
Sciara, 5:265. ‘
longolobatus, Gordius, 4:125.
Lonicera tartarica, see Honeysuckle,
Tartarian.
Lophoderus triferana, 1:329; 11:266.
Lophyrus abietis, 1:42.
lecontei, 1:42; 10:515; 11:284.
lorata, Sabulodes (syn. Tetracis), 3:
140; 10:483.
Tetracis, see Sabulodes.
Lord, H. J., insects from, 7:382.
Los Angeles (Cal.) horticultural
commission, Report quoted, 11:
209.
lotis, Lycaena, 7:374; 14:306°, 321%.
Lounsbury, C. P., cited, 12:198, 293;.
referred to, 11:105.
Love, HE. G., cited, 12:273.
Lowe, J. R., insects from, 10:519:
Lowe, V. H., cited, 11:178; 12:193;
208; insects from, 12:362; 13:373°.
Lowell, John, cited, 1:227.
Lowell institute, lectures of, 12:
344.
Loxostege chortalis
ereon), 11:284.
obliteralis (syn. Botis marcu-
lenta), 10:483.
similalis (Syn. Hurycreon ran-
talis), 1:329; 6:182; 11:266;.
14:329%.
Lozotaenia afflictana, 10:483.
lubricalis, Pseudaglossa, 1:340; 11:
284.
Lucanus dama, 1:330; 4:180, 207;
11:268, 284; 12:362.
Lucas, -Hippolyte, cited, 2:136; 4:
pV SEE
Lucerne, insects injurious to;
Heliothis armiger, 1:121.
Peridroma saucia (Syn. Agro-
it) Ms oo 09
lucia, Lycaena, see Cyaniris pseu-
dargiolus var.
lucicola, Anomala (syn. A. atrata,
A. moerens, A. _ pinicola,
Melolontha, M. atrata, M.
moerens), 1:307; 5:305, 325;
10:408-10; 12:352; 13:373';
14:355’, 393°.
var. maculicollis, Anomala (syn.
A. maculicollis), 1:307.
Melolontha, see Anomala luci-
cola.
lucifuga, Cucullia, 9:450.

G:

(syn. EHury-

506

Lucilia cadaverina, see Pyrellia.
caesar, 1:69, 299; 4:180; 12:210.
macellaria (Syn. Campsomyia),

1:62, 343.

lucilius, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.

Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
336; 7:375; 9:449; 14:306°,
Sle Sea

lucipara, Euplexia, 10:482.

luctuosus, Gryllus, 8:110, 179, 300;
10:497; 14:3827.

Lugger, Otto, cited, 7:247; 10:433;
11:182; 12:193, 335; insects from,
7:381; referred to, 12:251.

lugubris, Pemphredon, of Europe,
8 :163.

lumbricoides, Ascaris, 9:298.

Lumbricus terrestris (earth worm),
ialouy taco

Lumsden, G. R., insects from, 9:
462.

luna, Actias, see Tropaea.

Tropaea (syn. Actias), 2:39, 3:
140; 5:188; 9:455, 456; 10:481,
HOO: D1 BARS 3135,

lunata, Homoptera, (syn. is &
saundersii, Noctua, -Phala-
ena), $45 7-59; . S:315;. 7 :375:

132, SoS oo las

var. edusa, Homoptera (syn.
H. edusa, Noctua, Phalaena
and Erebus edusa), 4:57, 59;
TB wy 14324":

Mycetophila, 10:392.

Noctua, see Homoptera.
Phalaena, see Homoptera.
lunatifrons MS., Anthomyia, 1:195.
lunator, Ichneumon, see Thalessa.

Pimpla, see Thalessa.
Rhyssa, see Thalessa.
Thalessa (syn. Ichneumon,
Pimpla, Rhyssa), 2:227; 4:35-
4d, 2052-S305bwiol 1: 6:21.86; S:
108, 163-66; 9:454; 10:497;11:
279; 12:262, 359; 14:332°, 3377,
SO, ants oon, BOO.
Luperina passer (syn. Hadena), 10:
482.
Lupines, Mecyna reversalis on, 11:
142.
lutea, Phora, 10:403.

luteata, Eupithecia, see Tephro-
clystis.
Tephroclystis (syn. Hupithecia),
4:20.

luteicoma, Acronycta, 1:328; 11:265.

luteola, Galerucella, see Elm leaf
beetle.

lutescens, Aulacomerus, see Trichi-
ocampus viminalis.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lycaena comyntas, see Everes.
lotis, 7:374; 14:306°%, 321+.
lucia, see Cyaniris pseudargi-

olus var.
neglecta, see
argiolus var.
pseudargiolus, see Cyaniris.
lycaon, Apatura, see Chlorippe celtis.
Lyceum of natural history of New
York, 14:305*.

Lycia cognataria (syn. Amphida-
sys, Eubyia), 2:97-101, 227;
9:456;: 11:2663;—_T439S7 ace
342°.

ursaria (syn. Biston), 3:136.

Lycomorpha pholus, 9:450.°

Lyctinae, 2:132.

Lyctus opaculus, 2:1380.

Lygaeidae, 2:148; 11:188, 189.

Lygaeonematus' erichsonii " (syn.

Nematus), appearance in United
States, 5:166; bibliography, 5:
164; detailed account, 5:164-73;
hibernated insect from Cherry
Valley, N. Y., 5:170-71; in Europe,
5:166; injuries, 5:171-72; '7:367;
8:168-69; observations in Hamil-
ton county, 5:168-70; occurrence
in New York, 5:166-68; reference,
4,:205; 5:324; '7:335; 8:108; 10:497;
14:362°, 368°, 382°; remedies, 5:
172-73; spread of, 4:16; 5:166.

Lygaeus leucopterus, see Blissus.
lineatus, see Poecilocapsus.
succinctus, see Largus.
trivittatus, see Leptocoris.
turcicus, 2:166.

Lygranthoecia marginata, see Schi-

nia.
rivulosa, see Schinia marginata.
Lygus invitus, 7:348; 8:105, 125,
299.
lineatus, see Poecilocapsus.
lineolaris, see L. pratensis.
pratensis (syn. Cimex, Capsus ~
oblineatus, Coreus linearis,
Lygus lineolaris, Phytocoris
linearis, P. lineolaris), biblio-
graphy, 13:351*-53°; descrip-
tion, 13:355*-56°; distribution,
13:357°; economic aspect, 13:
354°; figure, 13:356*; injuries
in peach nurseries, 138:354'-
55*; life history and habits,
13:3567-57'; nursery inspec-
tion, 13:357°; reference, 5:
2ko, 020; 67189:" S052 eee
285, “291; , 9:375; 21 27o ee
268; 14:315*, 372+, 400-.
Lyman, G. T., insects from, 5:325;
8:298; 9:464; 11:286; 12:362s
reference, 13:359%,

Cyaniris pseud-

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Lymexylon navale, 4:195.
Lyons, J. D., insects from, 11:286.
Lyperosia irritans, see Haematobia
serrata.

serrata, see Haematobia.
Lysiphlebus cucurbitaphidis, 11:167
Lytrosis unitaria (syn. Hemer-

ophila), 10:483.

Lytta atrata, see Epicauta pennsyl-

vanica.

marginata, see Epicauta cin-
erea.
murina, see Macrobasis uni-
color.

nuttalli, see opr

Sayi, see Pomphopoea.

vesicatoria (Syn. Cantharis), 5
305; 6:131, 1383; 14:354°.

vittata, see Enicauta.

Mabee, Jerome, insects from, 7:382.

macaira, Pyreus (syn. P. oceans),
1:336.

McAllister, W.,
509.

Macaria, scent organs in, 1:72.

Macaroni,

insects saa 10:

374°.

macaronius, Ascalaphus, see A.
hungaricus.

McCann, J. D., insects from, 10:516.

McCarthy, Gerald, cited, 10:454;
11:146; 12:193. 268; referred to,
12:270.

McCook, H. C., quoted, 12:181-82.
McDougal, , insects from, 9:462.
macellaria, Campsomyia, see Luci-
lia.
Lucilia (syn. Campsomyia), 1
62, 343.
MacGillivray, A. D., cited, 11:251;
13:338'; reference, 13:335°.
McHarg, J. N., insects from, 12:360.
McLachlan, Robert, cited, 2:198,
208; 10:477; 11:240.
‘McLeay, W. i 2:136.
“macleayanus, Ascalaphus, 11:240.
Macloskie, G., quoted, 12:329; re-
ferred to, 12 324.
Maclura aurantiaca, see Osage or-
ange.
maclurae, Coccus, see Pulvinaria.
Lecanium, see Pulvinaria in-
numerabilis.
Pulvinaria, see P.innumerabilis.
maclurae Kenn., Lecanium, see
Pulvinaria.

Pulvinaria (syn. Coccus, Lecan-
ium), 1:301; 6:142, 1438.
macmurtrei, Prionoxystus (syn.
Cossus querciperda), 2:216; 7:220,

375;.14:322", -

Calandra oryzae in, 13:

507

McNaughton, Anna, insects from, 4:
207.

MeNeil, Jerome, cited, 7:297; 9:330.

Macon, L. S., insects from, 6:187,
190.

Macquart, Jean, Diptéeres exotiques
ou peu connus cited, 1:211; 2:116;
Histoire naturelle des insectes, Dip-
téres cited, 1:207; 5:220; 8:140; 9:
3809; 10:3887, 404; 12:229. (Also.
cited as Suites 4 Buffon).

Macrobasis fabricii, see M. unicolor.

unicolor (syn. M. fabricii, Lytta
IMWUEIMA) Ot oe ky Sols oo OUD,
321; 8:290-91; 10:511; 11:269,

286; 12:315, 356, 362; 14:315?
341%, 354°, 3957.

Macrodactylus, derivation of name,
1 :227-28.

subspinosus (syn. Melolontha),
bibliography, 1:227-28; char-
acteristics, 1:231; classifica-
tion and description, 1:228-.
29; detailed account, 1:227-
22; -food . plants, | 1:129-380;
habits, 2:48-49; 7:346-47; nat-
ural history, 1:231; ravages,
230-831; 2:225; 4:14-15, 142,
198; 5:154; 6:166; reference,
L307, "Sas 4.2075 Galioasn 9:
AGS tOD tls LATS. 268: 12
362; 14:325*, 331°, 3361, 3494,
350’, 357°, 359°; remedies, 1:
57, 231-32; 4:198; 8:200-2; 9:
418.
uniformis, 11:268.
Macronoxia variolosa, see
phylia.

Macrops indistinctus, 10:517.

Macropsis, 9:400.

Poly- .

Macrosila quinquemaculata, see
Phlegethontius.
Macrurocampa marthesia (syn.

Heterocampa), 10:481.
macrurum, Ophion, 7:228.
macula, Leptostylus, 11:269.
maculalis, Desmia, see D. funeralis.
maculata, Coccinella, see Megilla.
Halisidota, 1:328; 11:264.
Hippodamia, see Megilla.
Megilla (syn. Coccinella, C. 10-
maculata, Hippodamia), 2:
233, 234; 4:80-84; 10:511; 11:
181; 14:3368, 357°.
Psoa, 11:268.
Vespa, 1:330; 5:285; 7:229; 9:
461; 11:264.
maculatus, Ceuthophilus, 12:363.
Hmphytus, see Harpiphorus.
Harpiphorus (syn. Hmphytus),
1:42; 13:336'.

508

maculatus, Hyperplatys, 1:331; 6:
188; 11:269. :
Pyrgus, see Scelothrix.
Raphitelus. 4:105.
Scelothrix (syn. Pyrgus), 1:336.
maculicollis, Anomala, see A. luci-
cola var.
Clastoptera, subspecies, 9:394.
maculipennis, Idiocerus, 9:399.
Stenobothrus, see COrphulella
pelidna.
maculosa, Panorpa, 10:464, 465.
Macy, A. M., insects from, 8:298.
Magazine of natural history (Lou-
don’s), cited, 1:172; 7:279.
Magdalis aenescens, 11:270.
armicollis, 12:246.
magnarius, Hnnomos,
266; 14:3137.
Magnolia, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus nerii, 8:215; 11:204.
Leptccoris trivittata, 4:158.
Mytilaspis pomorum, 13:374’.
Magnolia seale, 10:518.
maia, Hemileuca, 1:328; 2:40, 75;
3:91; 4:52; 195; 5:186; 9:448, 456;
11:265; 14:311§ 313°, 347°.
Maia moth, 1:328.
Maine state college, course in ento-
mology at, 12:344.
major, Datana, 8:296.
Malachidae, injuring apple trees,
1s Rew O17
malana, Balsa (syn. Nolophana), 1:
328; 11:265; 12:312, 356; 14:
395’.
Eccopsis, see Exartema.
Exartema (syn. Eccopsis), 1:
329; 11:121, 266.
Nolophana, see Balsa.
malefida, Agrotis, see Feltia.
Feltia (syn. Agrotis), 8:236. -
mali, Aphis, see Aphis mali.
Crypturgus, see Monarthrum.
Erythroneura, see Typhlocyba.
Molobrus, see Sciara.
Monarthrum (syn. Crypturgus,

9:456; 11:

(RomIicus)s-bssols” 516; ST,
370; 9:440; 11:270; 14:318°%,
374°.
Myzoxylus, see Schizoneura
lanigera.
Philaeothrips, | 1:332; 11:248,
271.

Psylla, 9:328.

Sciara (syn. Molobrus), 1:219,
Ba03 2:125,,221,. ots. obo:
10:387, 388, 389, 391; 11:267;
14:332°, 336".

Tomicus, see Monarthrum.

Typhlocyba (syn. Erythro-
neura), 11:271.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

malifoliae, Aphis, 1:331; 9:412; 11:
271.

malifoliella, Tischeria, 1:330; 3:137,
140, 6:187; 7:354; 9:445, 462; 11:.
160-62, 267; 12:357; 14:376', 395°.

malifoliellus, Ypsolophus, 1:329.

malivorana, Teras, see T. minuta,

malivorella, Coleophora (syn. C.
multipulvella, 1:163-67, 329; 2:
225; GATS; 8:105, 123221
297; 112122, -26T; 14326) eau
Ban's of0% -

Mallodon angustatum, 7 :251.

Malliophaga, 1:80; 2:31; 8:384.

Mallota barda, see M. posticata.

cimbiciformis, see M. posticata.
posticata (syn. M. barda, M.
cimbiciformis, M. sackeni,
Imatisma, Hristalis postica-
tus, E. eoactus, Merodon
balanus, M. bardus, Milesia
barda), 1:211-16; 4:349° 56:
L733 1432470380 :
sackeni, see M. posticata.
species, 14:350°, 357°.

Mally, C. ‘W., cited, 11:250; 183353.

Malva, Sciara giraudii on, 5:265.

Mamestra, 1:58, 71; 8:231.

adjuncta (syn. Hadena), 9:456;
10:482; 14:316°.

arctica, see Xylophasia.

_ assimilis, 1:328; 11:265.

grandis, 5:210-18; 10:482; 14:
362".

meditata, 10:377, 482.

olivacea, 10:377.

picta (syn. Ceramica, C.
exusta), 2:1; 4:16, 206; 5:206-
10; 9:455; 10:492; 11:265; 13:
312°; 14:313*; 8620 iamee

purpurissata, 10:377.

renigera, 10:482.

subjuncta (syn. Hadena), 1:58;
Stas leet:

trifolil,, 1:8;° 53233782355:
482.

mamestrae, Microplitis, 5:208.

manca, Dicerca, 5:286.

mancus, Agriotes (syn. A. truneca-
tus), 4:207; 8:198, 200; 12:356; 14:
394°.

Mandlebaum, M., insects from, 10:
yee

mandueator,
TatiGe ist.

Mangel wurzel, insects injurious to;

Chelymorpha argus, 10:517.
Mamestra picta, 5:209.

Mann, B. P., cited, 2:116; '7:225; 9:
309; 10:478; 11:134; 12:1y0, 230.

Mann, W. T., insects from, 7:382.

manteo, Heterocampa, 11:265.

Alysia, of Europe,

\

‘ INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS | 509

Mantidae, 4:158.
Mantis, praying, 4:160, 193; 7:357.
Mantis argentina, 4:162.

carolina, see Stagmomantis.

chlorophaea, see Theoclytes.

gemmata, 4:162.

inquinata, see Stagmomantis
carolina.

oratoria, 4:162.

phryganoides, see Gonatista
grisea.

religiosa, 4:162.

Manure, milliped breeding in, 12:
303.

Manure fly or gnat, 10:391-97, 398,
399, 400; 12:351; 14:3937.

mappa, Plusia, 10:377.

Maple, insects injurious to;

Anisota rubicunda (syn. Dryo- |

campa), 5:197, 200; 9:295; 10:
507.
Aspidiotus nerii, 5:279, 317; 8:
Dies 1 12204:
tenebricosus, 11:221,
Basilona imperialis (syn.
Eacles), 13:350°.
Cacoecia argyrospila, 7:356.
Chaitophorus aceris (syn.
Aphis), 9:406.
Cimbex americana, 11:284.
Clisiocampa americana, 6:106.
disstria (Syn. ©. sylvatica),
3:93, 147; 6:106, 166.
Cyllene robiniae, 10:504, 517.
Elaphidion villosum (syn. H.
parallelum), 3:141, 150; 5:1538;
9:357, 359; 12:314, 354; 13:
359°.
Euphoria inda, 10:504.
Gypona flavilineata, 9:397.
Homoptera lunata, 4:58.
Incurvaria acerifoliella, 1:308;
5:215, 216; 9:458; 14:314°.
Lachnosterna tristis, 9:296.
Lecanium species, 12:363.
Leptocoris trivittatus, 4:157,
158, 193. .
Lepyronia quadrangularis, 9:
393.
Livia vernalis, 9:404.
Lygaeonematus erichsonii (syn.
Nematus), 5:168.
Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.
Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 4:50; 6:107.
Paramesus vitellinus (syn.
Acocephalus), 9:397.
Pemphigus acerifolii, 10:494;
14:380°. :
Penthimia americana, 9:397.
Phytoptus quadripes, 5:303.

Maple, insects injurious to;

Plagionotus speciosus (syn. Gly-
cobius), 2:227; 6:169; 8:202,
205; 9:442; 10:4938; 12:238,
239-40, 242; 14:332%.

Proteoteras aesculana, 12:215,
217.

Psocus venosus (syn. P. aceris),
423.16.

Psylla annulata, 9:404.

Puivinaria innumerabilis, 2:
2802: 52513,, o26;.621415-77 370,
371, 384; 8:110, 177-78, 216;
10:497; 14:318".

Samia cecropia, 2:77.

Saperda tridentata, 12:248, 245.

Sesia acerni (syn. Aegeria), 10:
504.

Steganoptycha claypollana, 11:
278, 285; 14:399*.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84.

Tremex columba, 2:226 22
4:38; 5:305; 6:171; 14:382%.

unknown insect, 11:280-81.

white ants, 4:179.

Xylotrechus colonus, 4:94, 194.

Zeuzera pyrina, 9:426-27.

ash-leaved, Leptocoris trivittatus

on, 4:157, 158.

Nerway, insects injurious to;
Chaitophorus species, 13:362°.
Hlaphidion villosum (syn. E.
_parallelum), 12:362; 13:359°8.

Silver, soft or white, insects in-

jurious to;
Anisota species, 5:200.
Ceresa bubalus, 4:146.
Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.
Drepanosiphum acerifolii, 13:
S0a.
Ineurvaria acerifoliella, 5:216.
Leptocoris trivittatus, 4:1938.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 5:
326; 6:141; 11:204.

sugar, insects injurious to;
Anisota species, 5:200.
Incurvaria acerifoliella, 5:216.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.
Plagionotus speciosus (syn.

Glycobius), 3:1038; 11:280; 12:
239-40, 242.
Steganoptycha claypoliana, 12:
ZIG SALT.
Xylotrechus colonus, 4:94.
Maple leaf aphis, 9:406.
Maple leaf cutter, 1:308; 5:215-19;

9:458; 14:3145, 3627.

Maple leaf louse, 11:287.

Maple leaf mite gall, 5:303; 14:354?.

Maple tree borer, 3:103-5; 4:204;
6:169; 8:202-5; 9:442; 10:493, 497,

we

—

510

504; 11:280; 12:237-42, 248, 362;
14,:352°, 361*,..375°, 3807, 382°, 386",
389", 399°. See also Plagionotus
speciosus.

Maple tree pruner, 3:150; 9:357-61;
10:498; 14:345°, 3837.

Maple tree Psocus, 1:315.

Maple tree scale insect (Pulvinaria
innumerabilis), 1:310; 2:230; 5:
318; 6:141-47; 7:360, 384; 8:177-78,
216; 10:497, 499; 11:204-5, 275,
277; 14:333', 3387, 3687, 382", 384,
38887, 388".

Maple tree worm, green striped, 9:
422:

March, , cited, 7:297.
marculenta, Botis, see Loxostege
obliteralis.

margaritellus, Crambus, 1:150.
Margaronia hyalinata (syn. EHu-
; dioptis, Phakellura, Phalaena,
Pyralis), bibliography, 11:
134-35; characteristics of at-
tack, 11:135-36; Guenée’s de-
seription of moth, 11:137; in-
sect described, 11:136-37; life
history, a 1G: eg ES 7 ge natural
enemies, 11:138; ravages of,
11:137; reference, 5:320; 10:
50S: el AS, AS11382 12-357;
14:341?, 3867, 395"; remedies,
f1Stss.
nitidalis (syn. Eudioptis, Phakel-
lura, Phalaena) bibliography,
11:126-27; description of
larvae, 11:129-30; description
of moth, 11:130; distribution,
i413? food) plants, 7.40132;
injuries, 11:127-28, 181-32; life
history and habits, 11:131;
natural enemies, 11:182-33;
remedies and preventives, 11:
1383; reference, 3:140, 152; 5:
320; 10:503; 11:184, 136-38;
12:357; .14:3417, 346°, 386’,
395°; resemblance to another
larva, 11:128.
marginalis, Dytiscus, 8:298; 9:462.
Systena, 4:156.
marginata, Anomala (syn. Melolon-

tha), 10:411-18, 491; 11:268;
12:352:, 14.:379°,- 393%
Bembecia (syn. Trochilium
marginatum), 3:145; 9:450;
14:344+.
Cantharis, see Chauliognathus
marginatus.

Epicauta, see H. cinerea.
Lygranthoecia, see Schinia,
Lytta, see Epicauta cinerea.
Melolontha, see Anomala,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

marginata, Schinia (syn. Lygran-
thoecia, L. rivulosa), 3:141, 153.

marginatum, Acridium, see Chorto-

phaga viridifasciata.
Trochilium, see Bembecia mar-
ginata.

marginatus, Chauliognathus (syn.

Cantharis marginata), 3:153;
4:84, 88; 5:316; 9:344, 463; 10:
498; 11:138, 188; 14:339°, 346°,
Sy is
Julus, see Spirobolus.
Pemphredon, 8:163.

Spirobolus (syn. Julus, J. ameri-
ecanus), 1:307; 3:1384. ~
Marguerite fly, 4:73-80, 207; 7:242;

9:421; 14:3573.

Marguerites, Phytomyza chrysan-
themi (P. lateralis in error) on,
4:73, 75.

marina, Heterocampa, see H. uni-
color.

maritima, Anurida, 2:210.

Marlatt, C. L., cited, 9:309; 11:110,
112; 12:254; quoted, 11:199; refer-
ence, 13:335°.

marmorata, Carynota (syn.

tosia), 9:389, 410. .
Cyrtosia, see Carynota..
marmoratus, Achorutes, see Scho-

turus.
Schoturus (syn. Achorutes), 2:
206.

Marshall, W.°B., insects from; 8:
300.

Marten, John, cited, 1:81; 2:57; 5:
201; 722253 12183; 4635

Cyr-

marthesia, Heterocampa, see
Macrurocampa.
Macrurocampa (syn. Hetero-

campa), 10:481.
martialis, Nisoniades, see Thanaos,
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
304; 72375; 14:321*:

Martin, C. G., insects from, 7:381.

Martin, D. S., insects from, 4:208;
10:518.

Maruta cotula, see Mayweed.

Maryland agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin, 10:378; 11:177,
233; Report cited, 12:193, 248.

marylandica, Cetonia, see Euphoria
inda.

Masicera archippivora, see Frontina.

Mason, J. T., cited, 13:344.

Massachusetts agricultural. college,
course in entomology at, 12:344;
Hatch experiment station, Bul-
letin cited, 9:300, 318; 11:109; 12:
193, 218, 254, 293; referred to, 11:
105; Report cited, 12:191, 194, 254.

INDEX TO. ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Massachusetts agricultural repository
and journal cited, 1:227.
Massachusetts crop report, Bulletin
cited, 12:193, 238, 293.
Massachusetts horticultural so-
ciety, Transactions cited, 11:233.
Massachusetts state board of agri-

culture, Report, abstract from,
14:343*.

Massospora cicadina, 2:171, 178,
179; 12:289. id

Mattimore, P. F., insects-from, 10:
509.

mauritanica, Tenebrioides, 4:207;
12:362.

Maxwell & Brothers, insects from,
4,:208; 10:511.

7 beetle (Lachnosterna fusca
and allied species), attacking
nursery stock, 9:353-56; at-
tacking wheat, 4:203; eaten
by robin, 9:356-57; general
account, 8:174-75; general ac-
count (abstract), 1:305, 317;
5:312-138; 8:110; injuries by,
23" 52154; 6:21.76, 183; 9:296;
life history, 9:355-56; refer-
ence, 1:228, 330; 2:41; 4:204;
5:315; 6:171; 7:369; 8:288,
298; 9:422; 10:408, 411, 497,

506, 519; 11:268; 13:366*; 14: .

Mio Polo vool Bol,
338°, 351°, 356°, 360%, 373°,
382’, 396°, remarkable abund-
ance, 1:238; remedies, 1:54,
57, 61; 2:224; 9:358-54; sense
organs of, 1:71.

hairy, 11:268.

‘May bug, see May beetle.

May fly, 1:79; 4:121-24, 165, 190,
202; 5:319; 9:298; 10:466; 14:3513.

Mayweed, as an insecticide, 2:34;
reference, 12:209.

Meade, R. H., cited, 1:173, 181, 191,

207; 8:141.

Meadow grass, Nectarophora gran-
aria (Syn. Siphonophora avenae)
on, (5:252.

Meadow lark feeding on army
worm, 12:209.

Meadville (Pa.) society of natural
history, 14:305°.

Meal, Laemophloeus alternans in,

3:100.
linseed, Silvanus surinamensis
IN, 13 :31o-.
Meal insect, 3:100; 4:204.
Meal worm, 1:226; 4:200; 8:176-77;
9:307-9, 442; 10:497; 14:350',
375*,. 382°; in salt, 4:200.
American, 10:498; 14:383+.
rae bug, 1:79; 8:254; 9:418; 11:

SII

Measuring worms, 2:76, 91; 4:21;
5:260; 8:286; 10:502.

Meat, smoked, Piophila casei infest-

- ing, 12:230, 238, 234; cheese mite

' infesting, 14:349°, 352°, 363°, 364.

Meat fly, blue, 1:170.

Meat skipper, 12:348; 14:3914,

Mecoptera, 10:463, 477, 478.

Mecyna diversalis, 11:144.

polygonalis, 11:142.

reversalis (syn. Botis), bibliog-
raphy, 11:142; cocoon, 11:
144; distribution, 11:145;
feeding on Genista, 11:142;
imago described, 11:144-45;
larva described, 11:148; life
history, 11:142-48; pupa de-
scribed, 11:144; réference,
10:515; 11:140; 12:357; 14:
395°; remedies, 11:145; syn-
onym possibly of M. diver-
salis, 11:144.,

Medicago sativa, see Lucerne.

meditata, Mamestra, 10:377, 482.

Meehan, T. B., cited, 11:181.

Megachile montivaga, 12:359.

species, 6:186; 11:284.

Megalopyge crispata (syn. Lagoa),

452.50," 945 D186; (188: 1.9:
452; 11:264; 14:312°.
opercularis (syn. Lagoa), 1:328;
4,:51-54, 206; 11:264; 14:357°.
Megarrhina, 12:321.
megatoma, Attagenus, see A. piceus.
Dermestes, see Attagenus
piceus.

Megilla maculata (syn. Coccinella,
‘C. 10-maculata, Hippodamia), 2:
233, 234; 4:80-84; 10:511; 11:181;
143365, 357°.

Mégnin, Pierre, Parasites articulés
chez Vhomme eé les animaux utiles
cited, 10:405.

Megoura solani, see Rhopalosiphum.

Meigen, J. W., cited, 8:140; 10:387;
Systematische Beschreibung der
bekannten europdischen zweiflig-
lichen Insecten, cited, 4:73; 8:140.

meigenii, Hristalis, see HE. brousii.

Melalopha apicalis (syn. Ichthyura

vau), 9:455; 14:318°.
inclusa (syn. Ichthyura), 9:450.

melancholica, Euphoria, 1:2386, 330;
3:141; 10:511; 11:268.

Melancholy chafer, 11:268.

Melandryidae, on apple, 11:269.

Melanolestes abdominalis, 4:111; 5:

316; 14:339°.

picipes (syn. Pirates, Reduvius
pungens), 4:109- se: 5:316; 14:
339, 357° .

512 NEW

Melanolophia canadaria (syn.
Tephrosia), 4:20, 21.

Melanoplus atlanis (syn. Calop-

tenus), 1:332; 2:196; 6:151; 8:
180; 9:332; 10:440, 441, 448,
496; 11:271; 14:381°.
bivittatus, 11:272.
cinereus, 11:272.
cyanipes, 11:272.
devastator, 11:272.
differentialis (syn. Caloptenus),
G2tsts 142271
femoratus, 10:443.
femur-rubrum (syn. Acridium,
Caloptenus), 1:7, 804, 3382; 2:
190, 193; 6:151, 153; 8:294; 9:
297, 332, 464; 10:440, 441,
442, 448, 496; 11:271, 284; 14:
S14 >, BOS, 00 1L>.
herbaceus, 11:272.
spretus (syn. Caloptenus), 1:7,
195, 304, 382;-2:196; 4:21, 25;
61522 17 :3387 | 93325 210-439.
440, 441, 496; 11:271.
Melanotus, 7:360.
communis, 1:68, 330; 8:198, 199,
200; 11:267. .
decumanus (syn. M.
$3305.41 1-260.
fissilis, 7:377; 14:322°.
incertus, see M. decumanus.
Melanozanthus species, 6:189.
melanura, Nacerdes, 8:299.
Melaphis rhois, see Pemphigus.
Melasoma scripta (syn. Chrysomela,
Lina, Plagiodera), at Liver-
pool “CN. %:.); LF 182-83; pas-
ket making industry injured
by, 11:186; beetle described,
11:184; bibliography, 11:181,
182; bug catcher, 11:188, 189;
destructiveness at Liverpool
(N. Y.), 10:500; 11:184; eggs,
abundance and where laid,
11:187,188; Huropean willow,
food plant, 11:185; larva de-
scribed, 11:183; occurrence in
New York, 11:183, reference,
C2AGS LOD 21033 12357:
14,:384°, 3957; remedies, 11:
184, 188-89; steady increase
of beetle, 11:186; successive
broods, 11:184; transforma-
tions and habits, 11:186-87.
tremulae (syn. Lina), parasite
of, 10:405.
var. trifolii,

incertus),

meles
1:248.
Melia azedarach, Ceroplastes cirri-
pediformis on, 11:287.
Melitaea, 9:454.
nycteis, see Charidryas.
phaéton, see Euphydryas.

Phytonomus,

YORK STATE MUSEUM

Melittia ceto, see M. satyriniformis.
cucurbitae, see M. satyrinifor-
mis.
satyriniformis (syn. Aegeria cu-
curbitae, Melittia ceto, M.
cucurbitae), additional infor-
mation needed, 2:66-67; bib-
liography, 2:57; description
of larva, 2:59-60; description
of moth,. 2:58-59; detailed ac-
count of, 2:57-68; experi-
ments on, 2:67-68; injuries, 2:
62-63; its family, 2:60; life
history, and habits, 2:61-62;
reference, 2:57; 4:138; 5:312,
320; 6:176; 187327 371 eta
11:135;, 14:3197,- S25 eee
337°, - 3417, 342°, 935072 aoa
remedies and preventives, 1:
47; 2:63-65; 5:155-56; use of
counterodorants, 2:65-66,
mella, Tachina (syn. T. orgyiae), 2:
78.
melliginis, Tephritis,
viridulans.
Mellisopus latiferreana (Syn. Carpo-
capsa), 4:153.
Meloe angusticollis, 6:130; 9:458;
10:511, 517; 11:286; 14:314°.
Bot.
cinerea, see Epicauta.
pennsylvanica, see Epicauta.

see Rivellia

Meloidae, 6:130, 1382, 134,-1385; 11:
269.
Melolontha atrata, see Anomala
lucicola.

lucicola, see Anomala.
marginata, see Anomala.
moerens, see Anomala lucicola.
subspinosus, see Macrodactylus,
Melolonthidae, 1:228.
Melon, insects injurious to;

Anasa tristis, 3:110, 147; 4:204;
14:352?.

Aphis gossypii (syn, A. ecucu-
meris), 5:306, 326; 8:210, 283;
14:355°, 371°, 382°.

cut worms, 8:236.

Diabrotica 12-punctata, 12:348.

vittata, 2:29.
Diplosis cucumeris, 11:165; 14:
355°.
setigera, 11:168.

Epilachna borealis, 7:217, 310,
8:236.

Epitrix cucumeris (syn. Crepi-
dodera), 2:29.

Margaronia hyalinata (syn.

Hudioptis), 11:135.

nitidalis (syn. BHudioptis,
Phakellura), 5:320; 11s
130, 131, 132.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Melon, insects injurious to;
Melittia satyriniformis (syn. M.
cucurbitae), 2:63. -
Phorbia fusciceps (syn.
thomyia zeae), 4:179.
Thrips tabaci, 11:244.
Melon aphis, 10:497.
Melon eaterpillar, 10:503, 11:1382,
134-88; 12:357; 14::395".
Melon plant louse, 5:306, 326; 10:
497; 14:355°.
Melon vine midge, 11:165-68; 12:
357; 14:395°, 395°.
hairy, 11:168-70; 12:357.
Melophagus ovinus, 1:62, 229.
Melsheimer, F. E., cited, 1:81; 4:
101, 155; 5:179; 9:299; 10:408, 414;
Catalogue of the described Coleop-
tera of the United States cited, 4:
S0593-.11:181.
melsheimerii, Amblycephalus,
Deltocephalus.
Cincinnus (syn. Perophora), 7:
881.
Deltocephalus (syn. Amblyceph-
alus), 9:401, 410.
Perophora, see Cincinnus,
Membracidae, 1:281-88, 300; 9:387;
AO:
Membracis binotata, see Enchenopa,
lanceolata, of South America,
_ gee Enchenopa.
mera, see Carynota.
Mendell, Mrs M. F:, insects from,
Pere. =
mendica, Eudule (syn. Euphanessa),
10:481.
BHuphanessa, see Eudule.
Menispermum canadense, see Moon-
seed, Canadian.
mera, Carynota (syn. Membracis),
9:388, 410.
Membracis, see Carynota.
Merisus, 11:165.
fulvipes (syn. Pteromalus), 11:
165

An-

Sé€

Mermis, 2:230; 4:125; 14:3338.
acuminata, 4:127; 7:374; 8:290;
14-314", 315), 3217.
Merodon balanus, see Mallota posti-
cata.
bardus, see Maliota posticata.
Meromyza americana, 1:221-27, 344;
Soret: otis be-5Ol: 14:
322°, 326°, 335°. See also Wheat
stem maggot.
Merriam, C. H., quoted, 11:179.
Merula migratoria, see Robin.
Merwin & Holmes, insects from,
6:190.
Mesochorus scitulus, 12:211.
vitreus, 12:210.

———— eee

513

Mesographa stramentalis, see Ever-
gestis stramenalis.
Mesograpta polita, 7:283.
messoria, Agrotis, see Carneades.
Carneades (syn. Agrotis, A. re-
pentis, A. cochrani), 1:58, 328,
840; 5:210; 8:188, 236; 11:121,
265.
metacomet, Euphyes (syn.
phila), 4.:137.
Pamphila, see Huphyes.
Metapodius femoratus, 3:153; 12:
209; 14:3467.

Pam-

mexicana, Eudamus (syn. E.
nevada), 1:337; 6:180; 14:327'.
Meyrick, Edward, Handbook of

British Lepidoptera, abstract of re-
view, 12:349; 14:391'; cited, 10:
378; 11:142, 147.

Mial, L. C., Natural history of aqua-
tic insects, abstract of notice of,
11:2838; 14:390°.

micans Helops, 11:269.

Lachnosterna (syn. L. sororia),
1:330; 11:268.

Michigan agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 11:233; 12:
192, 254; 13:353°

Michigan farmer, cited, 7:321.

Michigan state board of agricul-

- ture, Report cited, 1:184, 194, 228;
2:57; 10:416; 11:118.

Michigan state horticultural society,
Report cited, 2:118; 10:416, 453.
Michigan state pomological society,

Report cited, 1:228; 11:248.

Mickleborough, John, insects from,

SST:

Microcentrum retinervis, 4:80; 5:
323, 326; 11:271, 288; 13:365'; 14:
341°, 396".

Microcentrus caryae (syn.
phus), 9:392, 410.

microcephala, Phora, 10:404.

Micrococcus amylovorus, see

blight.
bombycis, 2:40.
Microdon apiformis, of Europe, 2:
116

Uroxi-

Pear

globosus (syn. Aphritis, Dimer-
aspis podagra, Mulio, Par-
mula cocciformis, Scutellig-
era ammerlandia), 2:116-17;
4:175; 9:318; 14:342°.
mutabilis, of Europe, 2:116.
tristis, 2:116.
Microdus laticinectus, 11:156.
Microgaster, 1:103, 110; 2:41; 5:170,
1073703085 8:2952 12:210:
atalantae, see Apanteles congre-
gatus var.

514 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Microgaster, carinata, see M. gele- | Minnesota agricultural experiment
chiae var. station, Bulletin cited, 11:182; 12:
gelechiae (syn. Apanteles), 2:39. 193; Report (entomologist’s) cited,
var. carinata (syn. M. cari- 10:433; 12:1938, 335. ;
_ ,_ Nata), 2:39. minor; Athysanus, see Bythosco-
pieridis, see Apanteles congrega- pus.
tus var. Bythose syn. Athysanus),
Microplitis mamestrae, 5:208. ° :400, £10, . y .
MUSED te Pore ane 1:330; 10: | int, Poecilocapsus lineatus on, 1:
Micropus Jeucopterus, see Blissus. Besides Aviomalas TOMeaeeeT

spinolae, 1:302.
Middleburgh gazette cited, 6:181; 14:
S20.

Phora, 10:403. :
Teras (syn. T. malivorana), 1:
: be 3 hg Fates 329; PL:121, 266.
She Ee aE 9:371, 441; 10: Trichogramma, 2:220.

a er Hiess ie mies ‘ var. cinderella, Teras (syn. T.
Mignonette, insects injurious to; cinderella), 1:329; 11:266.

: i :209.
Sean Wess ek minutum, Monomorium, 11:113.

Thrips tabaci, 11:244. miranda, Caradrina, 10:482.
milberti, Agiais (syn. Vanessa), 4: | iscellaneous essays on economic en-

137; 5:285; 10:507; 14:309%. | tomology (Forbes and assistants),
Vanessa, See Aglais. . cited, 4:80, 155; 10:388; 11:109.
Milesia barda, see Mallota posticata, | miscellus, Adipsophanes, see Cata-
militaris, Apanteles, 8:238; 12:210. bena lineolata.
Exorista, see Winthemia 4-pus- | misella, Pentilia, 2:186.
tulata. Mississippi agricultural experi-
Sciara, 10:390. ment station, Bulletin cited, 10: -
Milkweed, insects on; 378.
- Anosia plexippus (syn. Danais | Mississippi valley horticultural so-
archippus), 4:135. ciety, Transactions cited, 12:191.

Chelymorpha argus, 4:201. Mitella, Tetranychus telarius on, 5:
-Doryphora__ clivicollis (syn. 288.

Chrysomela irimaculata), 7: | wites in bran, 6:170; in clothing, 6:

2s ies oie 3 180; in flour, 8:100; 5:294-95;
Pegs ela eva oe 8:293; in houses, 6:158-61;
eee 7368; 14:332; in smoked
Dee Se One ee meat, 3:130-31, 151; 4:204; 5:

Trypetidae, 5:282.
Milkweed beetle, 4:14, 201.
Milkweed butterfly, 10:490.
Millepedes, 8:222; 10:445-49; 11:276;

291-94; 7:357; on Arbor vitae,
4.:201, 203; on birds, 1:45, 62;
2:227; 3:129; on clover, 7:321-
24; on garden plants, 5:287-

. 9 . . 4 3 7
rn fae oe aa pies a ae 89; on grass, 1:224; 3:128-29;
spotted, 10:449. 4:204; on insects, 2:110; 4:
Miller, I. M., cited, 12:192. 200; 5:289-91; 6:166, 190; 7:
Miller, Mrs J. C., insects from, 18: 365; 8:179-80; 10:378, 384-86;
8742. on maple, 5:303; on mush-
Mills, Charles, insects from, 13:375°. rooms, 10:449-50, 452-53, 486;
Milmoe, P. F., insects from, 8:296. 12:352; on orange, 3:144; 8:
Miltogramma argentifrons, 12:210. 281; on peach, 10:459-60; on
Milyas cinctus (syn. Harpactor), 1: pear, 9:442; 10:453-60; on
35165108: plum, 10:460; on potatoes, 3:
mimus, Bruchus, 7:285. 133,. 134, 142,153; S2222 ae
Mineola indigenella (syn. Phycis), 451, 487; 12:352; reference, 9:
Li331, 266. 377; 11:225; remedies, 10:450.
minians var. violans, Nephelodes, fresh water, 5:290.
see Nephelodes minians var. ' pred, :6:159; '7:323, 365.
violans. spinning, 5:290; 6:160.
minimus, Pezomachus, 12:210. mitis, Systena, see S. taeniata.

ministra, Datana, see Datana minis- | modestus, Podisus, 5:170; 6:189; 7:
tra. 353; 13:374*.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

moerens, Anomala, see A. lucicola.
Melolontha, see Anomala luci-
cola.
Moeschler, H. B., cited, 7:225.
Moffat, J. A., cited, 1:116; 2:142;
11:127, 135, 139, 146, 241; 12:193.
molesta, Formica, see Monomorium

pharaonis.
Myrmica, see Monomorium
pharaonis.
Solenopsis, see Monomorium
pharaonis.

molestum, Monomorium, see M.

pharaonis.
Simulium, see S. venustum.
molitor, Tenebric, 2:1388; 4:200, 207;
8:110, 176-77, 299, 300; 9:308,
442; 10:497; 14:350*, 3757, 382°.

mollipes, Aulacizes, see Diedro-
cephala.

Diedrocephala (syn. Aulacizes),
9:396, 410.

Molobrus fuliginosa, see Sciara.
inconstans, see Sciara.
mali, see Sciara.
vulgaris, see Sciara.
Monarthrum mali (syn. Crypturgus,
Tomicus), 1:331; 7:316-17, 370; 9:
440; 11:270; 14:318°, 374°.
Monkshood, Phytomyza nigricornis
infesting, 4:79.
monodon, Notoxus, 11:269.
Monohammus confusor (M. titillator
in error), 2:49-51, 55; 4:23,
207; 5:325; 6:188; 9:4638; 10:
pipe lye ok 255, DOL.
seutellatus, 10:517.
titillator, erroneous reference of
M. confusor.
Monomorium ecarbonarium, 10:366.
molestum, see M. pharaonis.

pharaonis (syn. Formica, M.
molestum, Myrmica and
Solenopsis molesta), Belle-

voye’s observations on, 11:
112-13; bibliography, 11.:109-
10; description of, 11:110-11;
earlier life history, 11:110;
figure of, 11:111; habits, 11:
ibis Mikes history, Li:112;
other species in houses, 11:
118; reference, 1:62, 321; 10:
866; 12:356; 14:390°, 395°;
remedies, 11:118-14; Say’s
description of female, 11:
110; ubiquitous character, 11:
AKO
Monophadnoides rubi
dria), 1:42.
Monostegia ignota, 9:431.
rosae (syn. Selandria), 1:42; 17:
344, 362; 10:499; 14:366', 384°.

(syn. Selan-

515

monticola, Telamona (syn. MT.
querci), 9:391, 410.

montivaga, Hesperia (syn. Pyrgus

tessellata), 1:336.
Megachile, 12:359.

Moody, EH. & Sons, insects from, 3:
140.

Moody, H. L., cited, 8:155; 11:240.

Moonseed, Canadian, Psenocerus
supernotatus infesting, 3:138,

Moore, C. H., insects from, 9:462.

Moore, C. R., insects from, 4:206,
208; 10:518.

Moore, Dr H., insects from, 11:287,
288; 12:363.

Moore, J. M., insects from, 4:208.

Moore, W. H., insects from, 3:142.

Mordecai, J. R., insects from, 10:
Eyles

Morgan, H. A., insects from, 11:287,

Morning glory, insects injurious to;

Cassida bivittata, 6:127.
nigripes, 7:368.
Chelymorpha argus, 4:201.
Coptoeyela aurichalcea, 6:125,
I ADEM LAS ETSY
guttata, 6:127.°
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.

Morrell, L. L., insects from, 10:518;
11:287.

Morris, Benjamin, observations on
Lebia grandis, 12:236.

Morris, J. G., cited, 2:168; Catalogue
of the described Lepidoptera of
North America cited, 12:183;
Synopsis of the described Lepidop-
tera of North America cited, 1:81,
87; 2:68; 4:51; 5:184, 192; 7:225;
12:183; 13:343).

Morrison, H. K., cited, 5:201.

Morrisonia confusa, 10:482; 11:265.

Morse, L., insects from, 11:287.

Morton, Emily, observations on Ci-
cada, 4:206; 12:279, 280, 286, 287.

mortuorum, Plusia, 5:285; 10:376,
See
morula, Acronycta, 1:328; 9:455;

10:481; 11:265; 14:313+.
mosquito, Culex, see C. fasciatus.
Mosquitoes, abundance of, in south

1:14; 12:321; biting organs de-

scribed and figured, 12:326-29;

classification, 1:78; 4:190; de-

velopment, final, 12:334-35; dis-

tribution, 12:321-22; eggs of, 12:

332-33; elephantiasis spread by,

\12:331-32; figures of biting organs,

12:327, 329; Filaria hosts, 12:331-

382; general account (abstract), 4:

196; larvae described, 12:333-

384; names of, 12:319-20; pallia-
tives of bite, 12:325; pupae de-

516

seribed, 12:334; reference, 2:112;
4:183; 5:319; 10:475; 11:106; 12:
307; remedies, 1:36, 38, 40, 74;
severity of bite, 12:323-25; species,
number of, 12:321; winter mos-
quito, description, 2:241-42; 14:
3437; yellow fever, vaccinating
against, 12:3381.
Mothrop, Frank, insects from, 8:
297.
Motsehulsky, Victor, Kiudes en-
tomologiques cited, 2:198.
Motte, L. S., cited, 12:278.
Mountain ash, insects injurious to;
Chilogorus bivulnerus, 12:361.
Chionaspis furfurus, 11:208.
Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.
Eriocampoides limacina (syn.
Eriocampa cerasi), 9:335.
mozardi, Languria, 6:184; 14:329°.
mucidus, Callipterus, 1:331; 11:271.
Muck worm (Ligyrus relictus), 12:
313.

mucronatus, Crangonyx (a crusta-
cean), 8:279, 300; 9:347-49; 10:
498, 519; 14:369°, 383°.

Mulberry silk worm, 3:153; 4:177.

Mule killer, 6:190.

Mulio globosus, see Microdon.

Muller, Albert, cited, 2:186.

Miiller, O. F., Zoologiae Danicae

prodromus cited, 2:198.
multifera, Caradrina (syn. C. fidi-
cularia), 7:375; 10:482; 14:321°.
multilinea, Leucania (syn, L. lapi-
daria), 1:340.

multipulvella, Coleophora, see C.

malivorella.

multiseta, Sciara, 12:223-24, 361.

multispinosa, Acholla, 10:517.

multistriatus, Julus, see J. caerule-

ocinctus.

munda, Murgantia, 9:317.

mundus, Cryptus, 1:147.

Munson, T. V., cited, 10:411.

Murdock, John R. and A., insects

from, 8:298.

Murgantia histrionica (syn.
Strachia), absence of para-
sites, 1:268,269; bibliography,
1:264; description, 1:265-66;
detailed account, 1:264-71; 9:
315-17; difficult to destroy, 1:
268; distribution, 1:264-65,
266-67; 2:55-56; 9:315; gen-
eral account (abstract), 9:
441; 11:280; 12:349; injuries,
1:267-68; natural history, 1:
266; reference, 1:39, 195; 2:
92,145; B2177*: 07 ate seco,
292; 9:468; 10:433, 498; 11:
291; iJe@bea. 14:315* oiG.

NEW- YORK STATE MUSEUM

319%, 326%, 3367, 375%, 383°, 389°,
391°; remedies, 1:63, 269-71;
9:316-17.

munda, 9:317.

murina, Lytta, see Macrobasis uni-
color.

murinus, Dermestes, see D. caninus,

Murray, Andrew, LEconomic ento-
mology, Aptera cited, 2:208; 4:128;
10:453.

Murtfeldt, M. E., cited, 4:1; 7:
297; 12:198, 230; quoted, 12:231,
232; referred to, 12:232, 238; 13:
Soa

Musca, a Linnaean genus, 1:191.

conformis, see Chortophila. -
domestica, 1:146, 223, 299; 4:
167; 6:1683. S:2655 -S 320.
314; 14:360°.
minor, see
canicularis.
familiaris Hariis MS., see Pol-
lenia rudis.
floralis, see Phorbia brassicae.
harpyia Harris MS., see M.
domestica.
radicum, see Anthomyia.
rudis, see Pollenia.
Muscardine, 4:178.
muscarum, Acarus (Hypopal form),
a be SEAS
Trombidium, 7:365, 384; 14:
367+.
Muscidae, 1:169, 170, 211; 2:117; 5:
225: 9.:309;- 310.

muscosula, Erastria, 10:482.

musculus, Anthonomus, erroneous
reference of A. signatus.

Musée royal d’histoire naturelle
de Belge, 14:306'.
museorum, Liposcelis,

divinatoria.

Museum pest, 1:65; 2:36; 4:88, 93;
5:268; 6:121; 9:381.

Mushroom Phora, 10:399-406; 12:
352; 14:393%.

Mushrooms, insects, ete., injurious

to;
Boletina species, 10:392.
Bolitophila cinerea, 10:392.
disjuncta, 10:392.
fusea, 10:392.
Bryobia pratensis, 10:450, 486.
Docosia sciarina, 10:392.
Drosophila funebris, 1:220.
Exechia fungorum, 10:392.
species, 8:172.
Gamasus species, 9:464.
mites, 10:449; 12:352.
Mycetobia pallipes, 10:392.
Mycetophila lunata, 10:392.
signata, 10:392. j

Homalomyia

see Atropos

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Mushrooms, insects, etc., injuries to;

Phora agarici, 10 408,
albidihalteris, 12:228, 261.
bovistae, 10:408.
flava, 10:403.
lutea, 10:403.
nigra, 10:408.
pumila, 10:403.

Plesiastina annulata, 10:392.

Rhizoglyphus

10:449.

Rymosia fenestralis, 10:392.

Sciara multiseta, 12:224, 361.
species, 5:265; 6:188.

Sciophila striata, 10:392.

Snails, 7:366.

Tyroglyphus~ lintneri, 10:452-
3; 12:352.
rostroserratus, 10:486; 14:
obi’.
species, 11:257.

Muskmelon, insects eae to;
Aphis gossypii (Syn. A. cu-
cumeris), 8:211; 11:168.
een is marginatus, 3:
Be
Diplosis cucumeris (syn. Ceci-
domyia), 8:212; 11:165-66.
setigera, 11:168.
Margaronia hyalinata (syn.
Eudioptis), 10:503; 11:
185; 14:386'.
nitidalis (syn. Eudioptis),
3:140, 152; 10:5038; 11:
121, toe? 14-356).
Otiorhynchus ovatus, 10:417.
Muskmelon borers or worms, 3:152;
10:403; 14:346°.

Mustard, wild, insects on;
Epicauta pennsylvanica, 6:136.
Murgantia histrionica, 1:267.

_Phyllotreta vittata (syn. Haltica
striolata), 1:310.
‘mutabilis, Microdon, of Europe, 2:
116.
-Mutinus ravenalii, Silpha americana
on, 11:285.

Mycetobia pallipes, 10:392.

_ Mycetophila lunata, 10:392.
signata, 10:392.
species, 10:389.

-Mycetophilidae, 1:219; 2:125; 5:264;

7:316; 8:172, 297; 10:387-99, 447;
12 :223-28.

“myellus, Crambus, 1:150.

Myer, H. G., insects from, 7:381.

“Mylabris irresecta, see Bruchus ob-

tectus.

rufimana Bohem., see Bruchus
rufimanus Bohem.

rufimanus Schon., erroneous
reference of Bruchus lentis
Bohem.

rostroserratus,

517

mylitta, Phyciodes, 8:296.

Myndus impunctatus (syn. Cixius),
9:386, 410.

Myobia pumila, 11: 477.

Myophasia aenea, 12:210.

myops, Alaus, 1:330: 5:37 4a 260
14:339°.

Myriapoda, attacking asters and
lilies, 9:371-72, 441; attacking
potatoes, 3:131-33; 10:445-49, 487;
bibliography of two species, 3:
133; contributions of, 3:142; 4:208;
5:326; 6:190; 7:384; 9:466; 10:513,
519; habits, 2:6; parasites, 3:133-
34; reference. 5:251; 10:498; 11:
O52: 12:336; 14:363°, 383°; reme-
dies, 3:184-85; species treated of,
3 :131-33; 4:128-34: 5:295-96; 8:
324-27; 12:300-3, 349.

myrina Argynnis, see Brenthis.

Brenthis (syn. Argynnis), 4:137.
Myrmeleon immaculatus, 7:318, 384;
9:440; 11:236, 287, 288, 240;
14:374".
ingeniosus, 11:238.
larva, 11:237.
nigrocinctus, 7:319.
, oceliatus, see Dendroleon ob-
soletum.
pantherinus, 7:320.
pumilus, see Brachynemurus.
rusticus, 11-238.
species, 2:233; 11:234-41; 12:
Soke £4312 305".
tetragrammicus, 11:240.

Myrmeleonidae, bibliography, 11:
240; species treated of, 11:234,
240. .

Myrmica molesta, see Monomorium
pharaonis.

Myrmicidae, 10:365-69; 11:109-14.

myron, Ampelophaga (syn. Chaero-

campa pampinatrix, Darapsa,
Everyx, Otus, O. enotus,
Sphinx, S. pampinatrix), 4
201, 202; 5:174-79, 307, 324;
7:381; 8:186-87, 295; 9:450;
10:481, 508, 509, 515; 12:354,
soo: 14:°309%) 317%, 35075, 3517,
(3558, 362°, 394°.
Darapsa, see Ampelophaga.
Everyx, see Ampelophaga.
Otus, see Ampelophaga.
Sphinx, see Ampelophaga.

Myrsiphyllum asparagoides, see

Smilax.

mytilaspidis, Aphelinus, 1:61.

Mytilaspis pomicorticis, see M.
pomorum.

pomcrum (syn. M. pomicorticis,
Aspidiotus, A. conchiformis,
A. juglandis, Coccus arbor-
um-linearis, C. pyrus-malus,

518

Lepidosaphes conchiformis),
bibliography, 4:114; common
apple tree pest, 4:115; 9:373;
contributions of, 10:518; de-
scription of scale, 4:116; de-
tailed. account, 4:114-21, 195;
life history, 4:116-18; occur-
ring on 17 species of food
plants, 9:464; on Crataegus
oxyacanthus, 10:512; on wil-
low, 2:232; 8:286; rapidity of
increase, 4:115-16; reference,
1:8, 11, 381; 4:114, 185; 5319;
6:165; 7:384; 8:293; 9:409,
Att A a Pe ee ee
273, 274, 287; 12:448; 13:374';

14:316°; 334’, 340°, 344°, 347°,
DEL 5 LAO. Whee OOM ae:
remedies, 38:146; 4:118-20;
transportation of its para-
Sites, 1:61.
Myzoxylus mali, see Schizoneura
lanigera.

Myzus cerasi (syn. Aphis), attack-
ing roots of peach trees, 2:
19-22; bibliography, 5:253; de-
seription, 5:255-56; general
account, 5:253-57; lady bug
preying on, 5:257; 8:284; life
history, 5:254-55; on wild
’goose- plums, 9-440; ravages
on cherry, 9:345-46; reference,
b:i3?; 22 Slides 825, 298:
§:293, 369, 405, 411, 412, 463;
10:365, 498; 12:350; 13:363°,
368+; £4362", 371°, 375*, 383%,
a92°, 397°, 400°; remedies, 2:.
21-22, 5:256-5T.
persicae see ?Aphis prunicola.
ribis (syn. Aphis), 1:272; 2:145;

9:370-71; 10:498; 11:275-76;
13:363°; 14:360', 383°, 388%,
400%.

Nacerdes melanura, 8:299.
Nacophora ypsilon (syn. Biston),11:
266.
Nadata behrensii, see N. gibbosa.
gibbosa (syn. N. behrensii), 8:
296; 9:450, 456; 13:371°; 14:
oie’.
naevius, Nisoniades, see ? Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
333, 334, 336; 6:180; 14:307°,
Saks
Names, J. B., insects from, 10:510.
nana, Tenebrioides (syn. Trogosita),
Pa002 L268
Trogosita, see Tenebrioides,
Nanophyes tamarisci, 4:154.
Napomyza lateralis, 7:246.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

nasalis, Gastrophilus (syn. Oestrus),.
1:299.
Oestrus, see Gastrophilus.

nastes, Colias, see Eurymus phi-
lodice. .
Nasturtium, insects, ete., injurious
to;
cut worms, 8:236.
Tetranychus telarius, 5:289,
322.

Thrips tabaci, 11:244.,

nasuta, Chlorops, of Hurope, 4:72.

natata, Ephemera, see E. simulans.
\ Palingenia, see Ephemera simu-

lans.

Nathurst, E. A., insects from, 12:
368.

Nation, abstracts from, 11:277, 282,
288; 12: 349; 14:388', 390°, 390°,
aol"

Natural science association of
Staten Island, Proceedings cited,
12:2738.

Naturaliste Canadien cited, 5:164;
10:483.
Naturalists’ library (Duncan), cited,

5:183.

navale, Lymexylon, 4:195. ;

navalis, Tribolium, see T. ferrugi-
neum.’

Nebraska agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 10:483; 11:
182, 187; Report cited, 10:378.

| Nebraska bee ‘killer, 1:318.

Nebraska farmer cited, 10:433.

Nebraska state board of agricul-
ture, Report cited, 12:192; 18:353%.

Nebraska state horticultural so-
ciety, Report cited, 11:250; I12¢
218, 254: 43 sens

nebris, Gortyna,
nitela.

nebulosa, Nemoura, of Europe, 2:

241.
Neckweed, Corimelaena pulicaria
on, 8:245.

Necrophorus americanus, 13:373'.
tomentosus, 5:289.

Nectarine, insects injurious to;
Curculio, plum, 1:308.
Otiorhynchus tenebricosus, 2:

aye

Nectarophora granaria (syn. Aphis,

A. avenae, A. cerealis, A.
hordei, | Siphonophora, Ss.
avenae), 1:318, 316; 2:225; 3:
112, 150; 5:246~ 250.) 2a. ee
167; 8:295; 14:317', 317°, 318%,
3251, 301%, 345°, 346", 3232 ones
3607, 361°, 362°, 365*, 3717, 380°.
rudbeckiae (syn. Aphis, Si-
phonophora), 9:406, 411, 412.

see Hydroecia

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Nectarophora solani (syn. Siphono-
phora), 3:122.
solanifolii (syn. Siphonophora),
32122.
Neer, J. R., insects from, 10:511.
neglecta, Lycaena, see Cyaniris
; pseudargiolus var.

Negro bug, flea like, 14:371°.
Negundo aceroides, see Box elder.
Nematocampa filamentaria, see Ania

-limbata.

Nematode, 8:221, 222.
nematogaster, Panorpa, 10:465.
Nematus erichsonii, see Lygaeonem-
atus.
ribesii, see Pteronus.
salicis-pomum, see
pomum.
~ ventricosus, see Pteronus ribesii.
Nemoraea leucaniae, see Winthemia
4-pustulata.
Nemoura nebulosa, of Europe, 2:
241.
nivalis, 1:298; 2:240; 14:3437.
nenuphar, Conotrachelus, see C.
nenuphar.
Curculio, see Conotrachelus.
Neoclytus capraea (syn. Cyllene),
2K.

Pontania

erythrocephalus, 6:188; 10:511;
11:268; 12:246.
nephele, Cercyonis (syn. Satyrus),
B28).
Satyrus, see Cercyonis.
Nephelodes minians, 1:107, 108.
yar. violans (Syn. N. vio-
lans), abundance of cater-
pillars in St. Lawrence
county, 1:100-1; bibliog-
raphy, 1:99; description

of larva, 1:102-8; 4:55, 57;

description of moth, 1:
106-8; detailed account,
1:99-110; difficulty in
rearing, 1:101-2; distribu-
tion, 1:108; natural his-
_tory, 1:108-9; occurrence
of larvae, 1:108-4; 4:54-
56; 8:178; parasites of, 1:
109-10; preventives and
remedies, 1:110; publish-
ed observations on, 1:104-
5; reference, 1:127, 186,
149; 4:206; 6:180, 182; 8:
235; 10:482; 14:327°, 3287,

BIS POLO ODO. OOM.

rubeolans, 1:107.
violans, see Nephelodes minians
var.
Nephlodepsis, Lecanium hesperi-
dum on, 11:287.

519

Nephopteryx zimmermani, see Pini-
pestis. 5
Nepytia semiclusaria (syn. Cleora
pulchraria), 4:20, 21; 9:450.
nerii, Aphis, of Europe, 3:122.
Aspidiotus, 2:32; 5:278, 317; 8:

214; 11:203-4, 287; 14:339°,
3634, 369".

nervosa, Odontota (syn. O. rosea),
LS Te 26E9;

Sciara, 5:265; 10:392, 489.

nessus, Amphion, 10:515.

Nettle, common, Phytomyza chry-
santhemi (P. lateralis in error)
mining, 4:77.

Neumoegen, Berthoid, cited, 13:344°,
344°,

Neuronia pardalis,
3997.

Neuroptera, classification, 1:79; 4:
167, 190; 8:302; 9:465; contribu-
tions of, 4:208; 5:326; 6:189; 8:
300; 9:464; 10:512; 11:288; larval
habits of, 1:74; new species de-
seribed, 1:298; number of species,
4:165, 181; reference, 1:162, 316;
4:10; 5:286; 10:377; 11:272; 12:
344; species treated of, 4:121-24;
7:318-20; 8:155-62; 10:463-80; 11:
234-41; 12:298-99. :

Neuroterus saitatorius, 7:309.

verrucarum, 5:308, 324,
nevada, Hudamus, see H. mexicana.

Nevada agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 12:293.

New England farmer cited, 2:57; 4:
27; 7:360; 10:416; 14:365%.

New England homestead cited, 3:144,
146, 147, 148, 149, 152; 4:103, 194,
202; 5:305, 806, 309, 316, 317, 318,.
SOW Beles ono: (O2168.. 169) ieee:

"256, 862, 368, 367; 8:141, 281, 282,

12:298-99; 14:

284; 9:318; 14:339*, 3407, 340%,
340°, 341%, 342°, 344%, 344", 344°,
344°; 345°, 345°, 345%, 346%, 347,
301’, 355°, 355*, 358%, 360°, 360%,
363", 366, 366%, 368°, 370°, 370%,
371.

New Hampshire agricultural ex-
periment station, Bulletin cited,
12:194, 238; Report cited, 12:254.

New Jersey agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 5:
220s a 2tGe281s 232 2507 MeO
2538, 268, 272; Report cited, 8:141;
HOGS, 47S dL SAT te 2h 23385
241, 242; 12:190, 218, 285, 248,
Dive Mio

New Jersey state board of agricul-
ture, Report cited, 14:360*.

New Jersey tea, Corimelaena puli-
caria on, 8:213.

520

New Mexico agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 10:
433; 11:222, 232; 233; 250; 12-193;
13:353°.

New York agricultural experiment
‘station (Geneva), Bulletin cited,
2:118, 234; 5:312, 315; 11:178, 233,
242; 12:193: 14:3367, 337°; Report
etted,, «112178; |. 242; See also
Cornell university agricultural
experiment station.

New York daily tribune, abstract
from, 12:352-53; cited, 12:190;
14:385°, 393°.

New York entomological club, 14:
305°.
New York entomological society,

Journal cited, 12:215, 273; 18:
343%, 344°.
New York farmers, Proceedings

cited, 5:300; 14:3537.

New York homestead cited, 10:488,
490; 14:378°, 3797.

New York microscopical society,
Journal cited, 9:300, 301, 307; 11:
182; 12:273; quoted, 12:290, 291.

New York recorder, abstract from,
12:352; cited, 12:190; 14:3937.

New York state agricultural so-
ciety, 14:306°; Bulletin cited, 8:
152, 154; 14:338°; Monthly journal
cited, 12:290; Report cited, 1:111,
152, 163, 221, 233, 254; 5:312, 318;
G:118, 118, 182 64S Sie
320', 3247, 326°, 3297; 329°, 337,
340°, 349°, 851°; Transactions
cited, 1:87, 172, 184, 194, 201, 202,
22h 221, 259,258, 204, 28122:
68, 102, 125, 182, 148, 164, 168,
180, 208; 4:27, 107, 114; 5:184,201,
215, 234, 246, 253, 316; .6:147, 171,
173, D218; 1482, ASA SS 5 82152,
153; 9:299, 317; 11:109, 146, 248;
12:218, 248, 264; 18:338', 342°,
351°; 14:320', 3207, 324°, 326°, 3297,
B20, sao, a0, oon, oOo, ‘ool,
361°, See also Insects of New
York (Fitch).

New York state cabinet of natural
history. Report cited, 1:99, 281;
5:242; 8:152, 153; 9:448, 449, 450;
14:311°.

New York state dolapimadet of
agriculture, Circular, abstract
from, 12:252; cited, 12:190.

New York state fishery commis-
sion, 10th annual report cited, 7:
373; 14:319°.

New York state museum, Bulletin,

abstract of, 11:277; 14:356°, 356’,
888°; cited, 5:207, 308; reprint of
bulletin, Circular

11:200-33.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

cited, 2:149; 14.:335?;
17116; 2:69, 97-149, 2333.457> Ss
184, 193, 201, 207, 309, 316; 7:228,
365, 372, 374; 8:133, 1522290, 292:
9:299, 439, 450, 451, 452, 453, 455,
456, 457; 10:497, 498; 11:160; 18:
343*, 348°, 352°; 14:306°, 3148, 314°,
315%,..315°,.319*, 3211 339° 357 eee
367°... 314%, 381°, 383%. SO2aoe
398°, 399°. See also Insects of
New York (Lintner).
New York times cited, 7:358, 360; 8:
279; 14:3647, 3657, 369°.
New York tribune cited, 7:255; 9:
300; 10:388, 502.
New York weekly tribune cited, 5:
p14> 22 181s 14 3aa
Newberry, J. S., insects from, 10:
518; on Cicada chambers, 12:283-
85.
Newman, Edward, cited, 2:116.
Newport, George, cited, 4:128.
Newstead, Robert, cited, 10:405.
ni, Plusia, of Hurope, 1:189; 2:89,
90, 92; 6:184.
ni Grote, Plusia, erroneous reference
of P. brassicae.
Nichols, D. A, A., insects from, 4:
207.
Nichols, J. B. & Son, insects fram,
10:513.
nictitans, Gortyna, see Hydroecia.
Hydroecia (syn. Gortyna), 1:
115, 340; 10:482.
niger, Chrysops, 9:462; 12:361.
Nigger killer, 6:190.
nigra Caenis, Hagen MS., 4: 123,
Cecidomyia, see Diplosis pyri-
vora.
Diplosis, see D. pyrivora.
Formica, see Lasius.
/ Lasius (syn. Formica), 10:368.
Phlaeothrips, 11:249.
Phora, 10:4038.
Sciara, 10:394.
nigricana, Laspeyresia, 13:372°.
var. maizi, Agrotis, see Car-
neades tessellata.
nigricollis, Clastoptera, sub species,
9:395.

Report cited,

nigricornis, Phytomyza, 4:79; 7:
242.

Urocerus, 18:342?, 342+.
nigrilabris, Brachynemurus, 11:238.
nigrinasi, Athysanus, see Bytho-

scopus.

Bythosecopus (syn. Athysanus),

9:401, 410.

nigrinodis, Cordylopeza, see Galasa
rubidana.

nigripes, Cassida, 6:127; 7:363, 383;
14:366*.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

nigrirostris, Phytonomus, 1:248.

nigrocinctus, Myrmeleon, 7:319.

nigrofasciatum, Lecanium (L. per-
sicae in error), 7:379, 380; 14:
323%, 3287.

nigrum, Isosoma, see I. tritici

Fitch.

nimbatana, Antithesia, see Pen-
thina.

Penthina (syn. Antithesia, Pen-
thina contrariana), 1:57; 2:
228, 230; 4:206; 5:213-15; 6:
1389; 10:483; 14:332°, 3627.
Nisoniades, 1:333, 335, 336; 2:214;
5:285; 7:371; 9:449.
afranius, see ?Thanaos.
ausonius, see Thanaos.
brizo, sce Thanaos.
funeralis, see Thanaos.
horatius, see Thanaos,
icelus, see Thanaos.
juvenalis, see Thanaos.
lucilius, see Thanaos.
martialis, see Thanaos.
naevius, see ?Thanaos.
pacuvius, see ?Thanaos.
persius, see Thanaos.
petronius, see Thanaos.
propertius, see Thanaos.
somnus, see ?Thanaos.
terentius, see Thanaos.
tibullus, 1:335.
tristis, see Thanaos.
virgilius, see Thanaos horatius.
nitela, Hydroecia, see Hydroecia
nitela.
nitida, Aleochara (syn. A. antho-
myiae), 1:188.
' Allorhina, 1:237, 238, 239; 2:
114; 5:319; 6:183; 9:353; 10:
516; 11:268, 286; 13:369°; 14:
3297, 340°, 398°.
Thalessa, 4:41.
nitidalis, EHudioptis, see Margaronia.
Margaronia, see Margaronia
nitidalis.
Phacellura, see Margaronia.
Phakellura, see Margaronia.
Phalaena, see Margaronia.
Nitidulidae injuring apple trees, 11:
267.
nivalis, Degeeria (syn. Podura), of
~Hurope, 2:244.
Nemoura, 1:298; 2:240; 14:343?.
Podura, see Degeeria.

niveosericearia, Geometra, see
Ennomos subsignarius. {

niveus, Oecanthus, see Oecanthus
niveus.

nivicola, Achorutes, see Schoturus.
Perla, see Capnia pygmaea,
Podura, see Schoturus.

521

nivicola, Schoturus, see Schoturus
nivicola.

nivoriundus, Boreus, 1:298; 2:237-
38; 14:343°.
Chironomus, 1:13, 298; 2:242-43;
14:3433,

noctilucus, Pyrophorus, see Pyroph-
-orus noctilucus.
Noctua baja (syn. Agrotis), 1:8, 340;
10:377.
bicarnea (syn. Agrotis), 1:340;
10:377.
clandestina (syn. Agrotis), 1:
SLO AO, Olle Glia: S:199;
235; 10:482; 11:121, 265; 14:
325’, 339°.
e-nigrum (syn. Agrotis),
10:482; 12:205.
edusa, see Homoptera lunata

1:8;

var.

fennica (syn. Agrotis), 8:255,
236.

haruspica (syn. Agrotis), 10:
482:

lunata, see Homoptera.

normaniana, 10:377.

plecta (syn. Agrotis), 1:8; 10:
482.

saucia, see Peridroma.

noctuella, Nomophila, 11:143.

Noctuidae, attracting to bait, 1:70;
collection of (abstract), 9:453;
dates of collection of, 10:481-82;
delayed pupation in, 1:137; de-
predating on the apple tree, list
of, 1:328; 11:265; duration of life,
1:341; 6:184; larvae of, described
(abstract), 9:455; notes on N. Y.
species, 9:456 (abstract); 10:376-
77; oviposition in confinement, 1:
340; reference, 1:136, 140, 312; 8:
292; 9:450; 10:490; 14:330°; scent
organs in, 1:71; sensitiveness to:
paris green, 1:35; species treated
of 1:99-126; 2:89-97; 4:54-57; 5:
200-18; 8:231-45; 10:372-76; 12:
190-214.

Nolophana malana, see Baisa.

Nomophila noctuella, 11:1438.

Nordlinger, Hermann, Die Kleiner
Feinde, cited, 8:140.

Norman, George, cited, 1:99.

normaniana, Noctua, 10:377.

North Carolina agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 10:
454; 11:146; 12:198, 268. |

Norton, Edward, cited, 5:173; 18:
335°, 338+, 340°; quoted, 13:337°,
341°; referred to, 12:308; 13:339%,
3A2?.

nortoni, Thalessa, 4:41. F

Norway maple, see Maple, Norway.

522

notata, Euxesta, 11:267.

notatifrons MS., Anthomyia, 1:195.

Notman, Mrs George, insects from,
9:464.

Notman, Howard, figureof Neuronia
pardalis by, 12:299.

Notodonta concinna, see Schizura.

’ dictaea, see Pheosia dimidiata.
species, 14:313°.

Notodontians, their delayed pupa-

tien, £137.

Notolophus antiqua (syn. Orgyia, O.
nova), 1:98; '7:219, 381; 8:289;
11:264, 285; 14:373°.

definita (syn. Orgyia), 4:50; 8:
289, 296; 14:3738°.

leucostigma (syn Orgyia), ad- -

ditional molt in female, 1:
98; bibliography, 2:68-69; de-
scription of stages, . 2:70-738;
depredations, 2:77-78; 9:295,
429; detailed account, 2:68-89;
distribution, 2:69; English
sparrow protects it, 2:80-82;
food plants, 2:76-77; natural
history, 2:73-76; new form of
attack, 2:86-89; 4:15, 48-49;
5:317; 11:124-26; 12:347, 350;
parasites, 2:78-79; 5:310; rav-
ages, great increase of, 2:
79-80; reference, 1:72, 328;
oy Ocoee WOM AO. ven
8:296; 9:450, 455; 10:481, 495,
HID - 112121, 264, 279: 12357;
PDAS, GLO byOOO port een,
BO, BOO; O80, Doe, SUL, a2,
395°; remedies and preven-
tives, 1:33, 61, 64; 2:83-86; 6:
181; 9:437; second brood in N.
YY. 4:50-51; 112125,
vetusta (syn. Orgyia), 11:285.
var. cana (syn. Orgyia
cana), 8:296.
Notonecta undulata, 8:158.
Notoxus calearatus, 11:269.
monodon, 11:269.
nova, Orgyia, see Notolophus anti-
qua.
noveboracensis, Aulacizes, see Die-
drocephala.
Cicada, see C. rimosa.
Curculio, see Ithycerus.
Diedrocephala (syn. Aulacizes),
9:396, 410.
Formica, see Camponotus her-
culaneus.
Ithycerus. (syn. Curculio, Pa-
ehyrhynehus schonherri, I:
BOO, ood. a 2 TO:
novemnotata, Coccinella, 7:382; 11:
ZIG; 123618

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Novius cardinalis (Syn. Vedalia), 6:
105; '7:360, 382; 14:365?7.
nubeculana, Phoxopteris, 1:329; 8:

123,297: “10266:

nubilata, Prochoerodes, see Sabu-
lodes.
Sabulodes (syn. Prochoerodes),
11 :266.

nubilis, Catocala, 10:482.

Euparthenos (syn. Parthenos),

3:1386.

Parthenos, see Euparthenos.
numitor, Ancyloxypha, 9:461.
nupera, Calocampa, 9:459; 14:307°,

314".
nuptialis, Catocala, 11:266.
nuttalli, Cantharis (syn. Lytta), 8:
294; 14:317*.

Lytta, see Cantharis.

| Trichodes, 3:138. |

nycteis, Charidryas (syn. Melitaea),
9:448; 14:311°%

Melitaea, see Charidryas.

Nycteribidae, 1:79.
Nyctobates pennsylvanicus, see Alo-
bates.
Nyctobora holosericea, 13:375?.
Nysius angustatus (syn. N. destruec-
tor), .1:195, 331;.2:3662 S32h5
11:270; 14:341°

destructor, see N. angustatus.
Nyssa sylvatica, see Sour gum tree.
nyssaefoliella, Antispila, see Antis-

pila nyssaefoliella.

Oak, insects injurious to;
Acordulecera dorsalis, 13:371'.
Amphibolips prunus, 4:42.
Amphicerus bicaudatus, 2:130.
Anisota rubicunda (syn. Dry-

ocampa), 5:200.
senatoria, 2:230; 5:195, 197;
9 :453.
stigma, 5:199.
virginiensis (syn. A. pellu-
cida), 5:199.
Archasia galeata (syn. Smilia
auriculata), 9:389, 410.
Atymna inornata (syn. Cyrtolo-
bus, Smilia), 9:388, 410.
querci (syn. Smilia), 9:389,
410.
Basilona imperialis (syn.
Hacles), 18:350°,
Cacoecia argyrospila, 6:356; 7:
356.
Carynota marmorata (syn. Cyr-
tosia), 9:389, 410.
Cecidomyia balsamicola, 4:63.
Chermes strobilobius (syn. CO.
atratus), 2:185.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Oak, insects injurious to (cont'd)

Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.

Cicada septendecim, 12:274,
287.

Cincinnus melsheimerii (syn.
Perophora), 7:381.
Clastoptera obtusa (syn. C.
testacea), 9:393.

Corythuea polygrapha Uhler
MS., 4:109.

Cyrtolobus vau (syn. Smilia), 9:
388, 410.

Datana integerrima, 12:309.

Dynastes tityus, 5:2380.

Elaphidion villosum (syn. H.
parallelum), 3:150; 5:153, 268;
6:170; 9:358-60; 10:516; 12:
314; 13:3598; 14:361°.

Euphoria inda, 1:236.

Gypona flavilineata, 9:397.

Homoptera lunata, 4:58.

Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna),
i data,

Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

Lachnus quercifoliae, 9:407.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229.

Mellisopus latiferreana, 4:153.

Myndus impunctatus (syn. Cix-
ius), 9:386, 410.

Neuroterus verrucarum, 5:308,
324.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:77.

Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.

Otiocerus abbotii, 9:386.

coquebertii, 9:386.
kirbyii, 9:386.

Phobetron pithecium, 5:187; 9:
461.

Plagionotus speciosus,
242.

Porthetria dispar (syn. Orgyia),
7:3038.

12:238,

523

Oak, insects injurious to (cont'd)
Vanduzea arquata (syn. Cary-
nota), 9:388, 410.

Xylotrechus colonus, 4:93, 194.

black, insects injurious to;
Amphibolips prunus, 4:42.
Anisota senatoria, 5:197.

blue jack, Andricus saltatus on,
7 :309.

bur, Neuroterus saltatorius on,
7 :309.

dwarf chestnut, Anisota sena-
toria on, 5:193, 197.

post, Neuroterus saltatorius on,
7% :309.

red, insects injurious to;
Anisota senatoria, 5:197.
Cynips prunus, 4:205.
Elaphidion villosum (syn. H.

parallelum), 6:170.

Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.

scarlet, Anisota senatoria on, 5:
pS eign °

scrub, insects injurious to;
Anisota senatoria, 5:197.
Cynips operator, 4:205.

Kermes _galliformis, 12:317,
363.

Megalopyge crispata (syn. La-
goa), 9:452.

swamp white, Cynips glandulo-
sus on, 4:44.

white, insects injurious to;
Anisota senatoria, 5:197.
Neuroterus saltatorius, 7:309.
Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.

Oak apples, Bibio albipennis on, 2:
alas

Oak caterpillar, yellow striped, 5:
192. ;
Oak galls, 5:308; 14:3567; Caecilius
and Elipsocus in, 1:161.

Oak Kermes, 12:316-17; 14:399°.

Oak plum gall Cynips, 4:42, 205;
14,:3573.

Oak pruner, 3:141, 150; 4:179; 5:153,
268, 325; 6:170; 12:239, 354; 13:
BdO> Slo: LA:sGdl’, 363°, 394,399",
400°.

Oates, E..F., insects from, 4:208.

Oats, insects injurious to;

Blissus leucopterus, 1:7; 2:151.
Cephus pygmaeus, 7:334.

Prionoxystus robiniae (Syn.
Cossus), 9:426.

Schizoneura querci, 3:125.

Sinoxylon basilare, 2:130.

Smilia camelus (syn. S. vittata),
9:389.

Stictocephala inérmis
Smilia), 9:388, 410.

Systena marginalis, 4:156.

‘Telamona monticola (syn. T.

querci), 9:391, 410.

(syn.

reclivata, 9:391. Leucania unipuncta, 12:196,
Thelia univittata, 9:392. 197, 198, 206, 309.
Tremex columba, 2:227; 4:38. Nectarophora granaria (syn.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor- Aphis, A. avenae, Siphono-
mis, 1:84. phora avenae), 2:225; 3:114;

Typhlocyba querci (syn. Em-

5:247, 249, 250; 6:103; 7:218;
poa), 9:4038, 410.

8:222.

524

Oats, insects injurious to (cont'd)
Psocid species, 12:364.
Silvanus surinamensis, 9:462.
Sitotrega cerealella, 2:106.
Thrips species, 11:250.
wire worms, 8:197.

obeliscoides, Carneades, 13:372'.

Oberea basalis, see O. bimaculata.
bimaculata (syn. O. baSsalis, O.

perspicillata, O. tripunctata,
Saperda affinis, S. bimaculata,
S. tripunctata), 1:57, ° 297; 4:
AT 189.207) -3*2at-oo> "t2o0o.
9:457: 11:170; “11; T4314,
Biles owe.

ocellata (syn. Elaphidion), 11:268.

perspicillata, see O. bimaculata.

schaumii, 5:233.

species, 11:269.

tripunctata, see O. bimaculata.
obesa, Amara, 10:493.

Siphonella, 1:225.
obesum, Anobium see _ Sitodrepa

panicea.

Secolytus, see Xyleborus dispar.
obesus, Xyleborus, see X. dispar.
oblineatus, Capsus, see Lygus pra-

tensis.

oblinita, Acronycta, 9:456; 11:265.

obliqua Erythroneura, see Typhlo-

cyba.

Typhlocyba (syn.

neura), 9:408, 416.

Erythro-

obliteralis, Loxostege (syn. Botis
marculenta), 10:483..
oblongifolia, Amblycorypha (syn.

Phylloptera), 6:189; 7:369; 9:
464; 10:512, 519; 11:284, 288;
12:368; 14:3187. :
Phylloptera, see Amblycorypha.
obovatus, Gamasus, 3:134; 10:451.
obscura, Cistela, see Hymenorus ob-
scurus.
Sciara, 12:226.
obscurella, Phytomyza, 4:79.
obscuripes, Formica, 12:182.
obseurus, Bruchus, a probable error
for B. obtectus.
Hylastinus, see Hylastes _ tri-
folii.
Hymenorus (syn.
scura),
1269; fA Soc oot.
Tenebrio, 8:110, 177; 9:3807-9,
442, 463; 10:498; 14:375°, 383+.
Observer of nature cited, 11:126, 134,
181.
obsidianator, Trogus, 7:228,
obsoletum, Dendroleon (syn. Myr-
meleon ocellatus), 7:319; 9:440;
11:2387, 238, 240; 14:374".

Cistela ob-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

1:331; 2:226; 6:129;°

obsoletus, Brachytarsus, see B.
variegatus.
Bruchus, see B. obtectus.
obtectus, Bruchus (syn. B. breweri,.
B. fabae, B. fabi, B. granaria, B.
irresectus, B. obsoletus, B. pallid-
ipes, B. subellipticus, B. varicor
nis, Mylabris irresecta, B. ob
scurus and B. subarmatus in
error), 2:49, 228; 6:178, 185; '7:217,
255, 256,. 257, 261, 262, "Zoos eao
278, 279, 367, 383; 8:298; 9:440,
463; 10:382, 511; TE:286;" 82-3622
14:3277, 330", 3337, 368), Sia.
obtrusa, Diplax, 4:208.
obtusa, Cercopis, see Clastoptera.
Clastoptera (syn. C.achatina, C.
pini, C. testacea, Cercopis),
5 :242-46; 8:107, 152-53, 299; 9:
898-94, 410; 10:497; 14:362°,
3823.
Empoasea, 11:270.
obtusus, Balaninus, 12:271.
occidentalis, Acronycta, 1:328; 11:
26D:
Cerura, 1:1387; ‘t:375: faa
Salen é ;
oceanus, Pyrgus, see P. macaira.
ocellana, Tmetocera, see Tmetocera
ocellana.
ocellaris, Sciara, 10:388.
ocellata, Anatis (Syn. A. 15-punc-
tata), 3:116; 5:305; 8:284, 298;
13 :362°, 3737; 14:354°, 371°.
Elaphidion, see Oberea.
Oberea (Syn. Hlaphidion), 11:
268.
ocellatus, Myrmeleon, see Dendro-
leon: obsoletum.
Smerinthus, see S. geminatus
var.,
ochracea, Systena, sce S. taeniata.
Tribolium, see T. ferrugineum.
ochrolabis, Sciara, 10:394; 12:227.
Ocneria dispar, see Porthetria.
octolineata, Gypona (syn. Tetti-
gonia), 9:397.
Tettigonia, see Gypona.
octomaculata, Agarista, see Alypia.
Alypia (syn. Agarista, Sesia,
Sphinx, Zygaena), 1:33; 5:179-
83; 6:177; 8:296; 9:455; 10:
481; 13:371'; “14:3137, “s264
362°.
Sesia, see Alypia.
Sphinx, see Alvpia.
Zygaena, see Alypia.
ocularia, Ecpantheria, see Ecpan-
theria ocularia.
oculatissima, Phalaena, see HEcpan-
theria ocularia.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

oculatus, Alaus, 1:330; 2:230; 4:
141, 207; 5:317, 325; 6:189; 9:448;
11:267; 12:361; 14:311*, 333°, 339°,
357°.

Ocyptera euchenor, 12:210.

Odonata, 4:180; 10:377; 11:104-5.

Odontota dorsalis (syn. O. scutel-

laris, O. suturalis in error,
Anoplitis scutellaris, Chryso-
mela scutellaris, Hispa sutu-
ralis), bibliography, 12:264-65;
description of beetle and
larvae, 12:266; distribution,
12:267; figures of, 12:265,
267; food plants, 11:269; 12:
266; in West Virginia, 12:265-
66; on Long Island, 12:265;
parasites, 12:267; reference,
1:309, 320; 10:369; 11:269; 138:
374'; 14:399°.

neryosa (syn. O. rosea), 1:331;

11 :269.
rosea, see O. nervosa.
rubra, 11:269.
secutellaris, see O. dorsalis.
suturalis, erroneous. reference
of O. dorsalis.
odontotae, Smicra (syn. Spilochal-
cis, 12:267.
Spilochalcis, see Smicra.
Trichogramma, 12:267.
odora, Erebus, 4:138; 7:306; 9:440;
14:357°, 374°.
Odynerus, 6:111.
ceapra, 9:461.
philadelphiae, 7:229.
Oecanthus, 10:486.
fasciatus, 5:310; 6:189; 10:486;
11:284; 14:358', 3777.
latipennis, 5:312; 14:337'.
nhiveus, habits, 5:302; oviposit-
ing in peach twigs, 4:147;
Ovipositing in poplar, 8:384;
reference, 1:315, 332; 5:310,
al2Z, 326; 62189; 8:293: 9:464;

10: 486, 512, 519; 11 271, 284,
i 288; 14:3167, 3508, DOD’, 357°,
308", 377".

Oecidium pyratum, aecidial form
of Gymnosporangium macropus,
6:182; 14:328°.

Oecophora granella,
cerealella.

Oedemagena tarandi, 6:111.

Oedemasia concinna, see Schizura.

eximia, see Schizura.
salicis, 11:265.
Oedionychus thoracica, 138 3738,
Oedipoda phoenicoptera, see Hippis-
cus tuberculatus.
virginiana, see
viridifasciata.

see Sitotroga

Chortophaga

-

3 gr

525

oedipodinis, Sarcophaga, 12:210.

Oenectra pilleriana, 1:56.

Oenothera biennis, Deilephila cha-
maenerii on, 12:359.

Oestlund, O. W., cited, 5:246; 12:
290.

Oestridae, 1:299; 2:46; 6:111; 7:367.

Oestrus bovis, see Hypoderma.

equi, see Gastrophilus.
nasalis, see Gastrophilus.
ovis (syn. Cephalomyia), 1:299.

Ogdensburg daily journal cited, 1:
127; 6:182; 14:3295.

Ohio agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 11:122, 146,
152, 178, 219, 2838, 242; 12:191, 248,
265, 2738; 13:352'; Report cited, 7:
256.

Ohio farmer cited, 7:321, 368; 10:
408; 14:3597.

Oiketicus townsendi, 11:264.

Oil beetles, 6:119, 131; 9 458; 10:
Did VA 286: 4 4):3 145 36

oleae, Lecanium, £33025, 41 O71,

Oleander, insects injurious to;

Aspidiotus nerii, 2:32; 5:279,
317; 8:214, 279; 11:203, 264;
14:3697.

Lecanium hesperidum, 2:32.

oleivorus, Typhlodromus, 3:144; 4:
177; 8:281; 10:503; 14:3707.

Olene achatina (syn. Parorgyia
parallela), 1:328; 9:455; 11:264;
14:313'.

oleracea, Pieris, 1:322; 4:136; 7:
219; 9:444, 449; 10:507; 12:308;
14:309*%, 311°.

Oliarus quinquelineatus (syn. Cix-
ius), 9:386, 410.

olinalis, Pyralis, erroneous refer-
ence of P. costalis.

olitoria, Coelidia, see Jassus olito-
rius.

Olitorius, Jassus (syn. Coelidia, C.
subbifasciata), 9:398, 410.

olivacea, Mamestra, 10:377.

Olive, Aspidiotus ancylus on, 11:
287.

Olivier, A. G., cited, 1:232, 247; 2:
102, 182, 187; 5:234: 9:300: 11 :174;
Hntomologie, ou histeire naturelle
des insectes, Coléoptéres cited, 2:
132; 4:98; 5:231; 9:300; 10:416;
12:264; quoted, 11:174.

Oliff, A. S., cited, 2:186; 11:232.

Oncideres cingulata, 1:331; 2:87; 11:
269; twig girdler, 11:125.

Onecocnemis, atrifasciata (syn.
Homohadena), 5:285.

Oneida historical society, 14:305°.

Oneonta herald quoted, 12:196.

526

Onion, insects, etc., injurious to;
Agrotis ypsilon, 8:126, 188-91,
296; 14:3718, 382°.
Carneades messoria (syn. Agro-
tis), 8:188, 236.
cut worms, 4:13; 8:236,
Leucania unipuncta, 12:206.
Phorbia ceparum, 1:172; 2:28;
3:85; 4:18; 10:486.
fusciceps (syn, Pe: cilierura),

d oe Ys
Polydesmus complanatus, 838:
133; Accor.
serratus, 12:301.
Thrips tabaci, 11:242, 248,°245;
13 :363°.

wire worms, 4:18.

Onion fiy(Phorbia ceparum), Ameri-
can, compared with the Euro-
pean, 1:179-80; bibliography, 1:
172; detailed ‘account, pgs Wereto§ ie
generic position, 1:180-81; indica-
tion and progress of attack, 1:175-
76; insect enemies, 1:176-77; loss
caused by, 3:85; natural history,
1:178-75; references, 1:8, 191, 192,
196, 200, 204, 296, 322; 9:375; 14:
335°, 3777; remedies and preven-
tives, 1:46, 52. 177-79; 10:486.

Onion maggot, 2:28; 4:18; 5:319; 14:
340".

Onion Thrips, 11:241-47; 12:357; 18:
863°; 14:395°.

onopordinis, Tephritis, 1:49, 52.

ontariella, Depressaria, see D. herac-
liana.

Ontario agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin quoted, 11:119.

Ontario county times cited, 1:116,
ATT: BiA8; 531237671852 04332",
337°, 337%, 343°.

Oospora scabies,
Bahri

opaculus, Hylesinus, 4:144, 145; 7:

352; 9:367; 14:350?, 357°.
Lyctus, 2:130.
operator, Andricus (syn. Cynips), 4:
205.

10:446, 487; 14:

Cynips, see Andricus.
opercularis, Lagoa, see Megalopyge.
Megalopyge (syn. Lagoa), 1:328;
4-51, 52, 206; 11:264- 14°-357°
Operophtera boreata, 11:266.
Ophion arctiae, '7:228; 12:183, 189.
bilineatum, 4:205.
macrurum, 7:228.
purgatum, 12:193, 211.
opimus, Phytonomus, see P. puncta-
tus.
oppositus, Leptoglossus, 3:141, 153:
14:346".

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Opsicoetus personatus (syn. Redu-
vius), 4:112, 183; 5:316; 13:3745;
14:3397.

opthalmicus, Smerinthus, 9:451.

Optilete, see Carynota.

Orange, insects, ete., injurious to;
Aramigus fulleri, 2:148.
Aspidiotus nerii, 8:215.
Elaphidion villosum (syn. EH.

parallelum), 9: 359.
Heraclides. cresphontes (syn.
Papilio), 9:337.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187, 188; 6:

104; '7:340.
Megalopyge opercularis (syn..
Lagoa), 4:53.
Monomorium carbonarium, 10:
366

pharaonis (syn. M. moles-
tum), 10:366.
Mytilaspis pomorum, 4:115.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.
Solenopsis geminata, 10:366.

Stagmomantis carolina (syn.
Mantis), 4:161.
Thrips species, 11:248, 249,
250.
Typhlodromus oleivorus, 3:144;
8:281.
Orange county farmer cited, 3:148;

5:303, 305; 8:286; 9:318; 10:492,
496; 12:235; 14:354°, 354% 372%
3797, 381°.

Orange Judd farmer cited, '%:357;
14:3641. :

Orange mite, 10:503.
Orange rust mite, 4:177.
oratoria, Mantis, 4:162.
orbitalis, Evacanthus, 9:397.
Orchard grass, Nectarophora gran-
aria (syn. Siphonophora ayvenae)
oi; 5°22.
Orchelimum glaberrimum, 11:271.
Orchesella flavo-picta, 2:207.
Orchestris -vittata, see Phyllotreta.
Oreutt, J. .H. and Aldrich a ae
cited, 11:182.
Oregon agricultural experiment sta-
tion, Bulletin cited, 10:454.
oregonensis, Euchaetes, 9:455; 14:
ale. '
Orgyia antiqua, see Notolophus.
cana, see Notolophus vetusta
var.
definita, see Notolophus.
leucostigma, see Notolophus.
nova, see Notolophus antiqua.
vetusta, see Notolophus.

| orgyiae, Cratotechus (syn. Tricho-

gramma), 1:303; 2:79.
Tachina, see T, mella.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

orgyiae, Tetrastichus, 2:79.
Trichogramma, see Cratotechus.
Oribatidae, 5:290.
orientalis, Periplaneta (syn. Stylop-
ma)s 1622 (2620; 12363313:
By dase
Stylopyga, see Periplaneta.
‘Oriole, feeding on Cicada, 12:289.
Baltimore, feeding on army
worm, 12:209.

‘Ormenis pruinosa (syn.
tera), 9:387, 410.

Ormerod, EH. A., insects from, 7:383;
Injurious farm and fruit insects of
South Africa cited, '7:256; Manual
of injurious insects cited, 1:172,
184, 191, 289; 5:246;-'7:279, 280;
11:249; 14:368°; Observations on
injurious insects, Reports cited, 1:
172, 239; 5:246; '7:279, 280; 8:140;
10:454; 11:147, 148, 249.

ornata, Strachia, see 8S, festiva.

Tettix, 2:197.
Ornithomyia avicularia, 1:299.
Ornix acerifoliella, see Incurvaria.
erataegifoliella, 11:267.
geminatella (syn. Lithocolletis,
Ornix prunivorella), 1:330;
Tt 267:
prunivorella, see O. geminatella.
Orphulella pelidna (syn. Steno-
brothrus maculipennis, S.
propinquans), 2:196.
speciosa (syn. Stenobothrus
aequalis, S. bilineatus), 2:196.

‘Orris root, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:
92.

Orthaltica copalina, 5:271; 14:363%.

Orthesia cataphracta (syn. Dorthe-
sia) 1:286.

Orthodes crenulata (syn. O.infirma),

1:340.
infirma, see O. crenulata.

Orthofidonia vestaliata (Syn. Cory-
cia), 1:329; 11:266.

Orthoptera, classification, 1:79; 4:
167, 190; 8:302; 9:466; contribu-
tions of, 4:208; 5:326; 6:189; 8:
300; 9:464; 10:512,-519; 11:288;
12:363; 13:375; Gordius a para-
Site of, 4:126; number of species,
4:165, 181; on apple tree, list, 1:
332; 11:271; on hemlock, 4:21, 25;
oviposition of, 1:74; reference, 1:
17; 10:360; sense organs of, 1:69;
species treated of, 2:187-98; 4:
158-62; 6:149-53; 9:330-34; 10:4389-
45; studies in, 4:10.

Orthosia bicolorago, 10:482.

var. ferruginoides (syn. O.
ferruginoides), 8:291; 14:
pata

Poecilop-

527

Orthosia ferruginoides, see O. Di-
colorago var.
helva, 1:340.
instabilis, see Taeniocampaalia.
ralla, 8:291; 14:315*,
Orthosoma brunneum (syn. O.
cylindricum, O. pennsyl-—
vanica, O. suleatum, O. uni-
color), 4:20, 22, 28; 11:268.
cylindricum, see QO. brunneum.
pennsylvanica, see O. brunneum.
suleatum, see O. brunneum.
unicolor, see O. brunneum.
ortonii, Agrotis, see Peridroma sau-
cia.

oryzae, Calandra, 7:362, 383; 9:308;
10:511; 18:374°8; 14:365°.

Osage orange, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224.
Coccus hesperidum, 7:370.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 1:

301; 6:148; 11:281; 14:3905.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84.

Osborn, Herbert, cited, 1:99; 2:126,
180; 8:152; 10:488, 453; 11:146,
152, 247, 249; 12:1938, 278, 335; 18:
885° 344%, 352°, 353°; Partial cata-
logue of the animals of Iowa cited,
13:335° 344+.

Osborn, Herbert and Gossard, H.
H., cited, 11:146, 152.

Osborn, Herbert and Mally, C. W.,
cited, 11:242, 246.

Osborn, Herbert and Sirrine, FE. A.,
cited, 11:147, 152.

Osborn, Herbert and Underwood, L.
M., cited, 10:453.

Osborne, A. O., insects from, 5:326.

Osburn, W., cited, 11:181.

osceola, Pamphila, 7:374; 14:3067,
38214.

Oscinidae, 1:221; 3:96, 148; 4:67, G8,
TS} (22843777 (9:318:

Oscinis coxendix, 1:225.

crassifemoris, 1:225.

frit, 1:225.

glabra, 1:225.

granarius, 1:225.

pumilionis (Syn. Chlorops), 1:

Brae 226:

taeniopus, 1:225.

tibialis, see Chloropisca.

trifolii, see Agromyza diminuta.

vastator, of Europe, 1:224.
Osmoderma eremicola, 1:330; 11:

268.
seabra, 1:330; 11:268, 284; 12:
361; 13:373°.

Osten Sacken, C. R., cited, 1:211;
2:216; 7:228; 10:388, 405, 478; 12:
229; quoted, 11:164; referred to,

528

11:168; 12:321; Catalogue of the
Diptera of North America, cited, 1:
173, 181,: 184° 194574199, o2Z0k 202.
PA DN 2 te 2: 116s 46322 228°
9:309; 10:388, 405; 12:229; Mono-
graph of the Diptera of North
America, cited, 4:63; 11:248;
Western Diptera (Bulletin United
States geological and geographi-
cal survey), cited, 1:211; 7:228.
ostreaeformis, Aspidiotus, 11:271.
Diaspis, erroneous reference, of
D. pyri.
. Oswego daily times cited, 4:198; 8:
141, 283; 14:3497, 371°, 371+.
Oswego semi-weekly times cited, 8:
286; 14:372°.
Oswego times quoted, 12:197.
Otiocerus abbotii, 9:386.
coquebertii, 1:298; 9:386.
degeerii, 9:386.
kirbyii, 9:386.
wolfii, 9:386.
Otiorhynchidae,
11 :269.
Otiorhynchus ligneus, see O. ovatus.
ovatus (syn. O. ligneus, Cur-
culio), attacking cabbage, 10:
418-19; attacking strawber-
ries, 7:360; 10:418; beneath
earpets, 3:141; bibliography,
10:416-17;in dwellings, 6:107,
118; 9:297; 10:416-18; refer-
ence, 2:52; 3:141; 4:141; 6:
189; 7:331; 9:422; 463, 466;
10:495, 511; 12:352; 14:3655,
380°, 3935.
picipes, see O. singularis.
singularis (syn. O. picipes), 2:
52; 10:418; 11:269.
suleatus, 2:51, 52; 10:418; 11:
269; 13:374°.
tenebricosus, 2:52.
Ottawa field naturalists
Transactions cited, 5:216.
Ottawa naturalist cited, 13:335+.
Otterson, C. A., insects from, 18:
ote.
Otterson, J. A., insects from, 18:
Bil? Bia) tolo,ol4*.
Otus cnotus, see
myron.
myron, see Ampelophaga.
ou, Plusia, 2:97.
ovata, Chalcis (C. fulvipes in error),
1286; 11132,
Dibolia, 10:416.
ovatus, Curculio, see Otiorhynchus.
Otiorhynchus, see Otiorhynchus
ovatus.
ovinus, Melophagus, 1:62, 229.

2:142; 10:416-19;

club,

Ampelophaga

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

ovis, Cephalomyia, see Oestrus.
Oestrus (syn. Cephalomyia), 1:
299.

Owen, Richard, cited, 2:102.

Owl [Glens Falls, N. Y.], cited, 4:
194, 196; 14:347°, 3487.

Owl beetle, 4:141; 5:317; 9:447, 458;
14:3114, 339°.

Owlet moths, 1:113.

Ox eye daisy, Thripidae on, 11:247.

Ox gad fly, 4:199; 6:115.

Ox warble fiy, 4:199; 6:111-15; 14:
349°, 367%.

Oxalis, white, Aleyrodes species on,
Ta00.

oxycoccana, Teras, 11:266.

oxylus, Limmneria, 12:211.

Oxyptilus periscelidactylus (syn.
Pterophorus), bibliography, 12:
218; deseription, 12:219-21; distri-
bution, 12:222; family character-
istics, 12:219; figures, 12, plate 4,
fig, 3, 4, 5; plate 5; fers e
life history, 12:221-22; parasites,
12:222; ravages, 12:219; refer-
ence, 8:297; 10:516; 13:372°; 14:
3871", 399*; remedies, 12:222.

Oxytelus rugosus, 1:189; 3:134, 142.

sculpturatus, 1:189.

Pachylobius picivorus, 3:144; 14:
3447,

Pachypsylla celtidis-mamma, 3:141.

Pachyrhynchus schonherri, see
Ithycerus noveboracensis.

Pacific rural press cited, 5:220.

pacifica, Taeniocampa, 11:265.

Packard, A. §S., cited, 1:81, 87, 2115
2:68, 2038, 208; 4:20,- 515 93,0828,
159; 5:164, 184, 192, 207; "7225582
129, 138, 160; 10:404, 477; 11:240,
248, 251; 12:188, 237, 248; 13:3437;
quoted, 12:240-41, 245, 246, 247-48,
311; 18:346%-47°; referred to, 4:
192; 12:241, 244, 267, 291; 13:346';
Entomology for beginners cited, 42
115, 120; 5:164; '7:255;, Salaareee
9:317; 10:377, 404, 477; 11:109,
240, 248; 12:218, 230; First memoir
on the Bombycine moths cited, 138:
343°; Guide to the study of insects
cited, 1:81, 110, 157, 172, 194, 199,
211; 227, 233; 239, 271; 257) Sie
116, 132, 149, 208; 4:35, SO;n07,
114, 128, 159; 5:184; '7:255; $2155,
160; 9:317; 10:377, 388, 404, 453,
477; 11:109, 146, 174, 240, 248; 12:
218, 230, 2387, 264, 290, 301, 344;
13:3431, 351°; Injurious insects new
and little known cited, 1:258; 7:
255; Insects injurious to forest ané

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

shade trees (Bull. no. 7, U. S. ent.
comm., 1881), cited, 1:81, 87; 2:
180; 4:20, 93; 5:184, 192, 216, 234; 8:
154; 11:160, 181; 12:237, 248, 247;
14:331'; Insects injurious to forest
and shade trees (5th rep’t. U. 8S.

- ent. comm. 1886-90), cited, 8:133,
ta. dota Lab 18l, 197; 122287,
243, 265, 267; 13:338°, 3437; Mono-
graph of the Geometrid moths or
Phalaenidae cited, 1:18; 2:97; 8:
129; Report on the injurious and
beneficial insects of Massachusetts
cited, 1:157; 2:149, 168; 7:255; 12:
267; Report on the Rocky Mountain
Locust and other insects (in 9th
ann. rep’t. of U. S. G. G. Surv. of
the terr. for 1875), cited, 1:110,
172, 191, 194, 239, 253, 264; 2:57,
89, 149; 4:28; 5:246; 7:255; .11:
126; 18:351'; Thysanura of Hssex
co.,, Mass. cited, 11:251; Zoology
for high schools and colleges cited,
11:477.

packardata, Cidaria, see Hustroma
populatum.

packardi, Grapholitha, 1:57.

Packardia elegans, 8:290.

pacuvius, Nisoniades, see ?Thanaos.

Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 7:
875; 14:3077, 321*.

Paine, J. A., insects from, 7:383; 10:
515.

Paleacrita vernata (syn. Anisop-
teryx), coal oil refuse for, 2:27;
depredating on apple, 1:329; 2:

7-9; 3:84; 5:258-59; 9:296; 12:
Sulton oO. jarnine: for, 1:57;
london purple for, 2:44; paris

green for, 1:33; 12:311, 350; refer-
ence, 1:72; 4:189, 140; 9:422; 11:
121, 266;-12:356, 360; 13:365%, 370°;
14:331°, 331°, 338°, 340°, 343%, 349",
363’, 392', 395°, 396°; remedies, 2:
8, 9, 224, 225; 3:93-96, 142; 5:242,
259,. 313-14, 318-19; 12:311, 350;
spread, 1:11; 4:185; swine for, 1:
61.

Palingenia natata,
simulans.

Palisot de Beauvois, A. M. F. J.,
Insectes recueillis en Afrique et en
Amerique cited, 2:187; 7:246; 18:
ata, ool’.

pallens, Leucania, 1:340; 4:206.

palliatus, Desmocerus, 1:297; 5:325;
6:188; 9:462.

pallida, Bryobia, see B. pratensis.

pallidicornis, Torymus, 11:164,

pallidipes, Bruchus, see B. obtectus.

pallidus, Idiocerus, 9:399.

pallipennis, Carpophilus, 9:462,

see Ephemera

| 529

pallipes, Mycetobia, 10:392.
Polistes (syn. P. fuscatus), 1:
330; 3:1385; 6:109; 11:264, 284.
Scenopinus, see S. fenestralis.
Palm, insects on;
Aramigus fulleri, 2:148.
Searabaeid, 8:298.
Palmer, W. J., insects from, 5:325.
Palmer worm, 1:300, 329; 11:267.
Palmyra courier, 14:348°.
Pailthis angulalis, 11:266.
Pamphila, 2:214; 5:285.
ethlius, see Calpodes.
leonardus, see Anthomaster.
metacomet, see Huphyes.
osceola, 7:374; 14:306’, 321%.
peckius, see Polites.
pampinaria, Boarmia, see Cleora.
Cleora (syn. Boarmia), 11:266.
pampinatrix, Choerocampa, see Am-
pelophaga myron.
Sphinx, see Ampelophaga my-

ron.
Pandemis limitata, 10:483.
pandorus, Philampelus (syn. P.

satellitia), 5:175, 177; 10:481, 508;
13:371°; 14:309%,

panicea, Sitodrepa (syn. Anobium
paniceum, A. obesum, Dermestes
paniceus), 4:88-93, 197, 198, 207;
7:311; 9:440; 13:3738*; 14:3487,
3491, 3574, 3874*.

paniceum, Anobium, see Sitodrepa
panicea.

paniceus, Dermestes, see Sitodrepa
panicea.

Paniscus geminatus, 8:238.
Panorpa, 2:2138; 10:463, 464, 467,
472, 473, 476, 477, 478.

canadensis, 10:478. |
communis, 10:465, 466, 477.
germanica, 10:465.
hyemalis, see Boreus.
maculosa, 10:464, 465,
nematogaster, 10:465.
rufescens, 10:464-73, 478-80; 12:
352; 14:3934.
Subfureata, 10:478.
Panorpidae, 2:236.
Pansy, insects, etc., injurious to;
cut worms, 8:236.
' Polydesmus complanatus 12:
301.
wiid, fertilized by Thrips, 11:248,
249,
Panthea furcilla (syn. Platycerura),
9:450, 455; 14:318°.
pantherinus, Dendroleon, 11:239.
Myrmeleon, 7 :320.
Panton, J. H., cited, 12:194; quoted,
11:119.

530

Paonias excaecatus (syn. Smerin-
thus), 1:327; 10:508; 11:264; 14:
309°.

Papilio cited, 1:81, 87; 25 oo. 5:
193, 21a. alts 6: 179, 180; 7: 295:
12:214; 14:306°, 307, 3978, Blt,
339".

Papilio asterias, see P. polyxenes.

eresphontes, see Heraclides.

; philenor, see Laertias.

polyxenes (syn. P. asterias),
3:140; 4:186; 10:507, 515; 12:
807; 14:309%.

rutulus, 8:296.

troilus, see Huphoeades.

turnus, see Jasoniades glaucus.

Papilios, scarcity of, 12:307.

Parajulus impressus (syn. Julus),
33132.

parallela, Aphrophora (syn. Lepy-

ronia), 1:285; 4:121; 5:245; 9:
393, 410.
Lepyronia, see Aphrophora.
Parorgyia, see Olene achatina.

Parallelia bistriaris, 10:482.

parallelum, Hlaphidion, see E. vil-
losum,

Paramesus vitellinus (syn. Acoceph-
alus), 9:397, 410.

Parandra prunnea, 11 :268.

paraplecticus, Lixus, of Europe, lL:
260.

Parasa chloris (syn. P. fraterna),

2328; 5:186, 190; 9:443; 11:
264; 14:375°
fraterna, see P. chloris.

Parasitic insects, introduction of, 7: |
340-41.

Parasitic mite, 4:200; 5:290.

pardalis, Neuronia, 12:298-99;
3997.

Pardee, A. jr, insects from, 10:509.

Parharmonia pini (syn. Harmonia),
4:19; 13:370°, 371°; 14:398".

Paria aterrima, see 'Typophorus
canellus,
Parker, Jesse,

519.

Parker, Sarah, insects from, 7:384.

Parlatoria species ?, 8:279; 14:369".

Parmula cocciformis, see Microdon
globosus.

Parorgyia
achatina.

Parsley, insects injurious to;

Papilio polyxenes (syn.
asterias), 10:515.
Thrips tabaci, 11:244.

Parsnip, insects injurious to;

Aphids, 3:84, 123; 4:204;
3467, 352°.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.

14:

insects from, 10:517,

parallela, see Olene

Pe.

14:

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Parsnip, insects injurious to;
Siphocoryne pastinacae, 3:123,
151.

Trypetidae, 5:282.
Parsnip plant louse, European, 3:
123.
parta, Catocala, 9:456; 14:3137.
parthenice, Arctia, see Huprepia.
Euprepia (syn. Arctia), 10:481.
Parthenium integrifolium, Phymata
wolffii (syn. P. erosa) on, 3:108.
Parthenos nubilis, see Euparthenos..
parthenos, Platarctia, see i Se hyper-
borea.
Parus atricapillus, see Chickadee.
parvulus, Sphenophorus, 1:261.
pascuellus, Crambus, 1:150.
Pasimachus elongatus, 12:209.
passer, Hadena, see Luperina.
Luperina (syn. Hadena), 10:482,
Passion vine, insects injurious to;
Epicauta pennsylvanica, 2:227.
vittata, 1:40.
Pastinaca sativa, see Parsnip.
pastinacae, Siphocoryne, 3:123, 151.
Patten, G. M., insects from, 12:362.
Patten, Mrs M. M., insects from, 8:
300.
pauciseta, Sciara, 12:224, 225, 361.
Pavek, George, not harmed by Ci-
cada, 12:287.
Payne, W. H., insects from, 3:141;.
PL-162.
Pea, insects injurious to;
Bruchus chinensis (syn. B.
seutellaris), 5:147; 6:127;
7 :282; 8:295; 14:317.
pisorum. (syn: Bs pisos ae
261, 263, 280, 9:439.
rufimanus, 7:281.
Chelymorpha argus, 6:188.
cut worms, 8:236.
Heliothis armiger, 1:120.
Laspeyresia nigricana, 10:516.
Leucania unipuncta, 12:206, 309:
Lygus pratensis, 13:3527.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
Zoo Bo

Mamestra picta, 2:2; 10:492;
14:379°.

Melittia satyriniformis (syn. M.
cucurbitae), 4:138.
pea weevil, 5:300; 7:264, 266,
267.
Phytomyza nigricornis, 4:79.
sweet, insects injurious to;
Mamestra picta, 2:2; 5:209.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Pea bug, 12:355.
Pea moth, 13:372°.
Pea weevil, description, 6:127-28;
general account, 6:127-29; life his-

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS '

tory, 6:128-29; literature, 6:128;

reference, 5:300; 7:263, 264, 266,
267, 269; 8:295; 138:364'; 14:317',
ae, oof, oto, out, o06°5 reme-
dies, 1:49; 6:129; 9:439.

Peabody academy of science, fKe-
port cited, 2:208, 208; 5:201; 7:
225; 82129; 11:251.

Peach, insects, etc., injurious to;
Acholla multispinosa, 10:517.
Adalia bipunctata, 3:1387.
Anarsia lineatella, 1:151-56; 5:

35 72569). 14-316", 318%

Aphis prunicola (Syn. A. per-
sicae-niger, Myzus persicae),
5:315; 9:369; 11:279; 14:338°.

Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:206,
2OT 223, 287.

Bryobia pratensis, 11:288.

Carpocapsa pomonella, 9:340;
14:371'.

Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus,
4:87.

Chrysobothris femorata, 5:155.

Cicada septendecim, 2:176; 12:
PACA AL bs

Clisiocampa americana, 6:165.

Conotrachelus nenuphar, 7:374.

Diabrotiea 12-punctata, 7:315.

Drosophila ampelophila, 1:216.

Elaphidion villosum, 9:358-59.

Euphoria inda, 1:235.

melancholica, 3:141.

Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna)
Pett; S2112191;. 192.

Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

Largus succinctus, 2:165; 6:183;
14:329°.

Lecanium nigrofasciatum (L.
persicae in error), 7:379, 380;
P4323, O20".

Leptccoris trivittatus, 10:433.

Lygus invitus, 8:125.

pratensis, 8:125;
Bey.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229; 4:199; 6:166.

Myzus cerasi, 2:19; 5:256. .

Oecanthus niveus, 4:147.

Otiorhynchus tenebricosus, 2:

13:354’-

Bye

Pentatoma juniperina, 10:430,
490; 14:379°. é

Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),
32205.

Phlegethontius celeus (syn.

Sphinx 5-maculatus), 3:141.
Phloeotribus liminaris, 3:141; 4:
144, 204; 5:319, 325; 7:352; 8:
299; 9:365-68.
Phytoptus persicae, 10:459-60.

93!

Peach, insects, etc., injurious to;
Pristiphora species, 2:5.
Sanninodea exitiosa (syn. Ae-

geria, and Sannina), 2:24, 60;
5 :299; 6:170; 8:181-86; 9:367.
Scolytus rugulosus, 3:152; 4:
103, 186, 208; 12:362.
Stereum complicatum, 2:7.
Telephorus bilineatus, 8:174.
White grubs, 9:354.
Xyleborus dispar, 8:299.
Xylina : antennata (syn. X.
cinerea), 11:279.

Peach and cherry borers, 5:319.

Peach aphis, black, 2:19-23; 11:279;
14:389". ;

Peach bark borer (Phloeotribus), 7:
351-52, 361; 9:365-67; 14:365°,
383°.

Peach bark Scolytus, see Peach bark
borer.

Peach leaf curl, 4:185.

Peach root aphis (Aphis prunicola),
5:315; 14:338°.

Peach tree borer, general account
(abstract), 6:170-71; oviposition,
5:299; reference, 1:259, 308, 316;
2:60; 4:107; 5:300; 9:367; 10:497;
14:320%, 335°, 353°, 371°; remedies,
1:47; 58, 59, 64; 2:5-6; 7:374; 8:
181-86, 284.

Peach tree Phytoptus, 10:459-60.

Peach twig moth, 1:151-56; 6:178; 7:
3092-1 L:26F.

Peaches, bees and wasps injuring
13 :369°.

Peanut, hog, Odontota dorsalis feed-
ing on, 12:266.

Pear, insects injurious to;

Agrilus sinuatus, 11:286.
Amphicerus bicaudatus, 2:1263
14:311?.
Aspidiotus nerii, 5:299.
perniciosus, 10:505; 11:207,
224; 12:363; 13:374'; 14:
386°.
Cacoecia argyrospila, 5:324; 7:
356.
rosaceana, 6:187; '7:355.
Carneades scandens (syn. Agro-
tis), 1:58.
Carpocapsa pomonella, 12:360;
14:371'.
Chionaspis furfurus, 8:293, 299;
11:208; 14:316°.
Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.
Cicada septendecim, 2:176.
Coleophora species, 5:324; 7:
347, 361; 14:365°.
Conotrachelus crataegi, 10:420.
nenuphar, 5:325.

532 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Pear, insects injurious to (cont'd)
Diabrotica vittata, 4:103.
Diplosis pyrivora, 7:335; 8:124,

140, 151, 288, 297; 9:318; 10:
386-87; 11:285; 14:3717, 371°,
Dats

Drosophila ampelophila, 1:217.

Dynastes tityus, 9:342, 444, 463;
14:376%.

Hriocampa adumbrata, 5:323.

Eriocampoides limacina (syn.
Eriocampa cerasi), 9:335, 440;
14:375?.

Euphoria inda, 9:448, 4638; 10:
504; 12:362; 14:375°, 386%.

Halisidota caryae, 7 :355.

Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

Lecanium pyri, 8:299.

Lygus invitus, 7:348; 8:125, 299.

pratensis, 1:280; 5:275, 326;
S2125: DSrsp1, Bo2.jene,
354+.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
230; 9:420.

Mytilaspis pomorum (syn. As-
pidiotus conchiformis), 4:117;
$:293;. 11:202; 14:316°.

Neoclytus erythrocephalus, 6:
188; 12:246.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:77.

Phobetron pithecium, 5:187,
192304 Sh.

Phytoptus pyri, 9:442; 10:453-
59.

Polyeaon confertus, 2:182.
Prionus laticollis, 4:22.
Pristiphora species, 2:5.
Psylla pyri, 9:321, 322, 323.
pyniecdlay 1er2t9s DR» 9:
293, 317-29, 429, 480, 445;
10:489. 510; 14:375%.
Sciara pyri, 5:265.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84
Tmetocera ocellana, 7:306.
Tremex columba, 4:38.
Xyleborus dispar, 6:188; 7:348;
9:366, 419; 11:286; 14:318°.
Xyleborus species, 12:246.
Zeuzera pyrina, 9:426.

Pear blight, 4:184.

Pear blight beetle, 1:310, 331; 4:
200, 203; 5:318; 7:348-51, 361, 374;
9:419; 11:270; 14:340*, 3497, 3515,
365°.

Pear leaf blister mite, 7:365; 9:377,
442; 10:4538-59, 501; 12:352; 14:
367%, 3757, 384°, 393°.

Pear midge, 7:335; 8:124, 140-51,
288; 9:318, 324; 10:386-87, 456,
489, 497, 510; 11:119, 169, 170, 227,

260, 278, 285; 12:351, 361; 14:371?,
a(i®, 371, 373, 318°, 382,080.
393".

Pear scab, 4:185.

Pear tree aphis, 10:512.

Pear tree blister beetle, 1:331; 11:
269.

Pear tree oyster scale, 11:271.

Pear tree borer, flat headed, 11:225.

Pear tree Psylla, bibliography, 9:
317-18; characteristics of its
family, 9:319; description by Har-
ris, 9:321-22; detailed account, 9:
317-29; distribution, 9:325, 429,
445; 10:425-26; earliest notice of,
9:319-21; general account (ab-
stract), 8:285; 9:441; injuries by,
8:124; 9:325-26; life history, 9:326-
28; multiplication in Hudson
river valley, 9:322-24; on apple
trees, 1:331; ravages, 8:219-20;
reference, 8:299; 9:298, 484, 466;
10:498, 518; 11:271, 273; 12:352;
14:370", 3727, 375’, 3765, 383°, S87,
393°; referred to P. pyricola, 9:
822; remedies, 9:329, 430.

Pear tree slug, 1:60; 9:335-36, 440;
10:498; 12:359; 14:3757, 383%.

Peas, split, insects injurious to;

Plodia interpunciella (syn.

Ephestia), 12:360.

Silvanus surinamensis, 12:361.
Pease, Ira, insects from, 9:461.
Pebrine, 4:177.

Pecan nut, Aspidiotus perniciosus
on, 11:224.

Peck, C. H., insects from, 3:140; 4:
205; 6:187, 188, 189; 7:384; 8:298,
299; 9:461; 10:509, 512, 518; 11:
285; 12:221, 312, 314) 2598) 508
361, 362, 3638; 13:375°%.

Peck, H. L., insects from, 4:207.

peckius, Pamphila, see Polites.

Polites (syn. Pamphila), 4:187.
pectinicornis, Chauliodes (syn.

Hemerobius, Semblis), 8:107,
155-59, 300; 10:497; 14:382°.

Cladius, 10:499; 14:384*.

Hemerobius, see Chauliodes.

Semblis, see Chauliodes.
pectoralis, Hylotoma, 12:359.
pecuarum, Simulium, see 8. invenus-

tum.

pedicularius, Selenophorus, 12:209.

Pediculidae, 1:48; 2:199.

Pediopsis trimaculatus, 9:400.

viridis, 9:399.
pedipalalis, Pityolita, 10:482.
Pegomyia, 1:181, 211.

betae (syn. Anthomyia, A. sul-

eans, Chortophila), 1:204,
206, 207.

ee ee

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Pegomyia betarum (syn. Chor-
tophila), 1:208; 3:85; 55322;
14:308', 341°.

vicina, 1:198, 209-11; 3:85; 14:

3087.
Pelecinus polyturator, 10:515, 519.
pelidna, Orphulella (syn. Steno-

bothrus maculipennis, 8S. propin-
quans), 2:196.

Pelidnota punctata, 1:307; 5:229,
310, 8312, 325; 11:268, 286; 12:362;
$3:373°; 14:358".

pellio, Attagenus, 2:47, 138.

pellionella, Tinea, 1:64; 2:44; 4:140,

Reese tee; 21:276;" £4::350°, 357°,
888".

Pellucid locust, 11:271.

pellucida, Anisota, see A. wirginiensis,

Camnula, 1:332; 10:443; 11:271.

Pelopoeus caementarius, 4:205; 11:

234; 12:359.
caeruleus, see Chalybion eaeru-
leum.

Pempelia grossulariae, see Zophodia,

hammondi, see Canarsia.

Pemphiginae, 2:181; 3:125; 4:179;
9:418.
Pemphigus, 12:290; sensitiveorgans
in, 1:69.
acerifolii, 10:494; 14:380°.
imbricator (syn. Hriosoma,
Sehizoneura), 93:123-26, 142,

152, 153; 9:408, 411, 412; 12:
35), 3638; 14:346°, 352+, 394°.
populi-transversus, 13:361°-62°;
14:400°. :
pyri, see Schizoneura lanigera,
rhois (Syn. Brysocrypta, Mel-
aphis), bibliography, 12:290;
distribution, 12:292; food
plants, 12:291-92; gall and
immature aphids described,
12:290; imago described, 12:
291; life history, 12:291; ref-
erence, 3:142; 10:503; 12:
290; 14:385*, 399.
tessellata (Syn. Hriosoma, Schi-
zoneura), 2:181; 3:125; 4:208;
8:109, 170; 9:346-47, 408, 411,
413, 463; 10:498; 14:383}.
ulmicola, see Colopha.
vitifoliae, see Phylloxera.
Pemphredon concolor, 8:163.
lugubris, of Europe, 8:163.
marginatus, 8:163.
unicolor, of Europe, 8:163.
Penhallow, D. P., cited, 4:103; in-
sects from, 4:206; 8:298; 11:286.
penicillatus, Phalacrus, 6:170.
Pennsylvania farm journal cited, 6:
141.
Pennsylvania state board of agri-
culture, Report cited, 11:127, 134.

533

pennsylvanica, Disonycha, 11:269.

Epicauta (syn. Meloe, Can-
tharis atrata, Lytta atrata),
133053. 222276 135-36, oh 10;
9:443, 463; 10:496; 11:28],
284, 286; 13:374?; 14:332', 3617,
368' 3767, 381*, 390+.

Formica, see Camponotus her-
culaneus var. pennsylvani-
cus.

Meloe, see Epicauta.

Photuris, 8:298; 11:284; 13:373°.

pennsylvanicum, Orthosoma, see
O. brunneum., :
pennsylivanicus, Alobates (syn.

Nyctobates), 4:20, 23; 6:189.
Bombus, 9:461; 11:284.
Chauliognathus (syn. C. ameri-

canus), 4:84, 86, 87; 5:316; 9:

344, 463; 10:498; 12:362; 14:

339°, 383°.

Harpalus, 12:209.

Nyctobates, see Alobates.
Pentagonia vittigera, 5:286.
Pentatoma bidens, see ? Picromerus,

carnifex, see Cosmopepla.

juniperina (syn. Cimex), 10:

430-32, 490, 512; 12:352; 14:

BO poe «
ligata, see Lioderma.

Pentatomidae, 6:1387; '7:238; 9:315;

10:480-32.

Penthimia americana, 9:397.
hemorrhoea, 9:397.
sanguinicollis, 9:397.

Penthina chionosema, 10:483; I1:
contrariana, see P. nimbatana.
nimbatana (syn. Antithesia,

Penthina contrariana), 1:57;

2:228, 280; 4:206; 5:213-15; 6:

139; 10:488; 14:382°, 362".

Pentilia misella, 2:186.

Peony, insects on;
earpet beetles, 11:178.
Ellychnia corrusca, 9:463.

Pepper, Heliothis armiger on, 1:120.
capsicum, army worm feeding

on, 12:206.
cayenne, Sitodrepa panicea in,
4:91.

Pepper vine, Nectarophora solani-
folii (syn. Siphonophora) on, 3:
a2:

Pepperidge, Antispila nyssaefoliella
On, hibaleire

Perecnoptilota fluviata (syn. Campto-
gramma, Plemyria), 9:456; 10:
483.

Pergande, Theodore, cited, 11:242,
244, 249; quoted, 12:182; referred
to, 12:181; 13:3637.

- (534

Peridermium cerebrum, Brucopha-
gus species reared from, 12:359.
Peridroma saucia (Syn. Noctua,
Agrotis, A. inermis, A. ortonii),
1:8, 328; 5:200-6; 8:234, 235; 11:
121, 2657 14-362%
Perilampus violaceous, 1:146.
Perillus circumcinetus, 2:146.
Periplaneta, 4:180.
australasiae, 12:363.
orientalis (syn. Stylopyga), 1:
622 Fao P2368 iso
periscelidactylus, Oxyptilus, see
Oxyptilus periscelidactylus.
Pterophorus, see Oxyptilus.
Perkins, G. H., cited, 12:194, 218,
292; referred to, 12:294, 298; In-
sects injurious to the American elm
cited, 12:292. .
Perkins, Mrs G: H., insects from,
tSi3( te ala, ote. rs
Perla nivicola, see Capnia pygmaea,
perlelius, Crambus, 1:150.
permundara, Eccopsis, see
artema.
Exartema (syn. Eccopsis), 1:
329; 10:4838; 11:266.
perniciosus, Aspidiotus, 1:332; 10:
O05, 518; 11 °206-33,21%; 2FF,. 287;

EXx-

12:316, 356, 357, 363; 13:368°, 374°; -

14:38, 383°-89', 3957, 397°. . See
also San José scale.

Pernicious scale, 1:332; 10:518.

Peronospora viticola, see Downy

mildew.

Perophora meisheimerii, see Cincin-

nus.
perpolita, Agrotis, see Carneades.
Carneades (syn. Agrotis), 7:
SiO. Lest,
perpulchra, Haltichella, 12:210.
persicae, Lecanium, erroneous refer-
ence of L. nigrofasciatum.
Myzus, see Aphis prunicola.
Phytoptus, 10:459-60.
persicae-niger, Aphis, see A. pruni-
cola.

persicana, Ptycholoma, 10:488.

persicus, Argas, 6:158.

Persimmon, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224.
Oberea bimacuiata, 5:238.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:187.

persius, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:

304, 3385, 336; ° 4:137; 77375;
9:449; 14:321*, 3507, 357°.
personatus, Opsicoetus (syn. Redu-
ViUS); =4:142, 133: 5165 © 8s:
374°; 14:3397.
Reduvius, see Opsicoetus.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

perspicillata, Oberea, see O. bimacu-
lata.

-perspicua, Datana, 7:381.

persuasoria, Rhyssa, 8:108, 165, 166.
perturbans, Culex, 12:321.
petreius, Pyrgus, sce P. caespitalis.
petronius, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
304; 6:180;. 14:307) 32
Petrophora diversilineata, see Eu-
stroma diversilineatum.
Pettit, Johnson, cited, 8:155; 10:478;
11 :240.
pettittana, Cenopis, 10:483.
petulea, Xylina, see X. signosa.
Petunia, Phlegethontius celeus (syn.
Macrosila quinquemaculata) on,
£2199.
Pezomachus minimus, 12:210.
Pezotettix chenopodii, see Aeoloplus.
Phacellura hyalinata, see Margaro-
nia.
hyalinit‘alis, see
hyalinata.
nitidalis, see Margaronia.
phaéton, Euphydryas (syn. Meli-
taea), 7:219; 9:448; 14:311°.
Melitaea, see Euphydryas.

Margaronia.

' Phakellura hyalinata, see Margaro-

nia.
nitidalis, see Margaronia.
Phalacrus penicillatus, 6:170.
politus, 6:170; 14:361°.
Phalaena costalis, see Pyralis.
edusa, see Homoptera lunata
var. :
hyalinata, see Margaronia.
imperatoria, see Basilona
perialis,
lunata, see Homoptera.
nitidalis, see Margaronia.

im-

oculatissima, see Ecpantheria.
ocularia.
seribonia, see Ecpantheria
ocularia.

Phalaenidae, 1:18, 340; 9:453, 456.
Phalaris canariensis, see Canary
grass.
Phanaeus, 4:175.
Phanerotoma tibialis (syn. Sigal-
phus)). Pie56 a
pharaonis, Formica,
rium.
Monomorium (syn. M. moles-
tum, Formica, Myrmica mo-
lesta, Solenopsis molesta),
1:62, 321; 10:366; 11:109-14;
12:356; 14:390°, 395°.
phaseoli, Bruchus, 7:268.
Phasgonophora sulcata (Syn. Smicra@
gigantea), 1:86.

see Monomo-

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS |

Phelps, C. H., insects from, 4:205.
Phengodes species, 8:298.
Pheosia dictaea, see P. dimidiata.
dimidiata (syn. P. dictaea, P.
rimosa, Notodonta dictaea),
7:375; 8:296; 10:508; 14:310',
aol.
rimosa, see P. dimidiata.
phicomone, Colias, see HEurymus
philodice.
Phigalia cinctaria,
demas titea.
philadelphiae, Odynerus, 7:229.
Philaenus spumaria (syn. Cicada),
1:285; 5:245.
Philampelus achemon, 5:175; 9:
451; 10:481, 508; 14:309°*, 312’.
pandorus (syn. P. satellitia), 5:
nen. 10-4951, 508; 1323715
14:309°. ‘
satellitia, see P. pandorus.
philenor, Laertias (syn. Papilio), 6:
187.
Papilio, see Laertias.
philetas, Pyrgus, 1:336. _
philodice, Colias, see Hurymus.
EHurymus (syn. Colias, C. nastes,
C. phicomone, C. santes), 1:
B01: 4-136- 5:285;. 7:316;, 10:
507; 12:308; 14:309*.
Phisterer, Frank, insects from, 4:
207.
Phlaeothrips, 11:247.
frumentaria, 11:246.
Mabe son; 11 :248.. 271.
nigra, 11:249.
Phlegethontius carolina (syn.
Sphinx), 1:322; 8:242; 14:3435°.
celeus (syn. Protoparce, Sphinx,
S. 5-maculatus, Macrosila 5-
maculata), 1:56, 73, 119, 322;
3:141; 4:205; 5:179, 309; 6:
187; 7:379; 8:242-44; 9:461;
105075) 13371"; 14:309°, 323°,
343°, 358°. j
cingulata (syn. Sphinx), 10:507;
14:3098.
Phiepsius fulvidorsum (syn. Jassus),
9:402, 410.
irroratus (Syn. Jassus),
9:402, 410; 11:270.
strobi (syn. Bythoscopus), 9:398,
410.
Phieum pratense, see Timothy.
phloeocoptes, Phytoptus, 10:460.
Phloeotribus liminaris, general ac-
count, 9:365-68; reference, 3:141,
152; 4:208; 5:319; 8:299; 10:498;
11:270; 14:340°, 346%, 3507, 351’,
365’, 383°; work on peach trees,
4:144-45, 204; 7:352, 361.
Phlogophora, 1:71,

see Rhaphido-

teSat

535

Phlox, insects injurious to;
cut worms, 2:231; 8:236.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.

| Phlyctaenia acutella (syn. Botis),

10:483.
ferrugalis (syn. Botis), 10:483.
Phobetron pithecium (syn. Echno-
midea, Limacodes), 1:328; 2:227;
4:206; 5:1838-92, 806; 7:381; 9:443,
455-56, 461; 11:264, 285; 14:313°,
Son), a0), ou2, ola,
Phoebe feeding on army wolrm, 12:
209.
phoenicoptera, Oedipoda,
piscus tuberculatus.
pholus, Lycomorphus, 9:450.
Phora, 10:404, 405.
agarici, 10:399-406, 516; 12:229,
351; 14:308', 393°.
albidihalteris, 12:228-29, 361.
aletiae, 10:405.
aterrima, 10:405.
bovistae, 10:403.
dauci, 10:405.
flava, 10:408.
incrassata, 10:405.
lutea, 10:403.
microcephala, 10:404.
minuta, 10:403.
nigra, 10:403.
pumila, 10:403.
rufipes, 10:405.
setacea, 10:402.
Phorbia, 1:180, 181, 184, 202.
brassicae (syn, P. floccosa, An-
: thomyia, Chortophila floeceosa,
Musca floralis), 1:47, 171, 184-
Sie 92,2103, 201. 208) 296 acer
2:28, 225; 5:158,. 265; 3192 9:
431; 10:486; 14:3317, 335%,
335”, 340’, 349°, 3637, 3775.
ceparum (syn. Anthomyia,
Scatophaga), 1:8, 46, 169, 171,
172-81, 204, 296, 322; 2:28; 3:
85; 4:18; 5:319; 10:486; 14:
8358, 340", 38777.
cepetorum, 1:180.
cilicrura, see P. fusciceps.
floecosa, see P. brassicae.
fusciceps (syn. Anthomyia an-
gustifrons, A. radicum var.
ealopteni Riley, A. zeae,
Aricia, Chortophila angusti-
frons, C. cilicrura, Hylemyia
deceptiva, Phorbia cilicrura),
1:171, 180, 181-84, 199-201,
202, 226; 4:179; 10:516; 14:
3B3d*.
rubivora,
maggot.
Phorichaeta sequax (syn. Scopolia),
8:238.

see Hip-

see Raspberry cane

536

Phorid larva, 12:361.

Phoridae, species treated of, 10:399-
406; 12:228, 229.

Phorodon humuli (syn. Aphis, A.
pruni-mahaieb), general account,
3:115-18; 8:207-10; in Europe and
America, 8:207; lady bird preying
on, 3:116; life history, 8:207-8;
rapidity of propagation, 8:267;
ravages of, 3:84; 4:12; reference,
1:8, 319, 320; 3:148; 4:197, 199; 6:
103-5 7-351 335; S222; 9-294 369-
10:495, 512; 12:307; 14:345*, 348°,
349*, 352°, 359°, 360", 380°; reme-
dies and preventives, 3:117; 8:
209, 210; when to fight it, 8:208.

Photuris pennsylvanica, 8:298; 11:
284: 13:373'.

Phoxopteris nubeculana,

123 2915 1 1266.
semiovana, 10:483.

Phragmites communis, see
grass.

phragmitidicola, Leucania, 1:340.

Phrygania, 1:83.

Phryganid larvae, 14:351°.

Phryganidae, 1:79; 4:202; 8:300; 10:
377; 12:298-99; 13:375*.

phrygancides, Mantis, see Gonatista
grisea.

Phycidae, 1:140.

Phyciodes mylitta, 8:296.

tharos, 4:1387.

Phycis indigenella, see Mineola.

Phyilaphis fagi (syn. Eriosoma), 2:
181; 9:408.

phyllira, Arctia, see Euprepia.

Euprepia (syn. Arctia) 3:153.

Phyllodesma americana (syn. Gas-
tropacha), 1:328; 9:456; 11:265;
14:313°.

Phylilodromia germanica (syn. Ecto-
bia); 1262; 4:1315-7:3265:8:300.

Phylloecus flaviventris, see Janus

integer.
trimaculatus, see Cephus.
Phyilophaga, see Lachnosterna.
pilosicollis, see Lachnosterna
tristis,

Phyloptera oblongifolia, see Ambly-
corypha.

phyllopus. Leptoglossus,
153: 14:3467.

Phyllotreta striolata, see P. vittata.

vittata (syn. P. striolata, Hal-
tica striolata, Orchestris), 1:
60. 195, 244, 310; 3:99; 5:301;
TiBbt2; O:B1DP T4319 Spa".

Phylloxera, 1:50; 2:35, 214; 4:188; 5:

241; ° 6185; .10:362; 11-248,
249,

caryaecaulis, 11:248, 287.

depressa, 6:189.

to20;

Reed-

PAGS; 3:

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Phylloxera vastatrix, see P.vitifoliae.
vitifoliae (syn. P. vastatrix,
Pemphigus), 1:4-5, 322; 2:36;
7:371; 8:264; 9:347, 464; 10:
498; 14:318°, 319°, 330°, 383+.
Phylloxerae, 10:451.
phylloxerae, Rhizoglyphus, 10:451,
487; 14:377°.
Tyroglyphus, 10:451, 452, 453;.
LP 25s:
Phymata erosa, see P. wolffii.
wolffii (syn. Acanthia erosa, P.
erosa), 3:107-10; 7:371; 8:300;
9:463; 11:117; 14:319, 352°.
Physalis, Lema trilineata on, 4:142,
207.
Physalospora bidwellii, see
rot.
Physocephala furcillata, 5:285. _
physoderus, Pyrophorus, 11:175.
Physogaster larvarum, see Hetero-
pus ventricosus.
Physopoda, 11:247, 249.
Physostegania pustularia
Stegania), 10:483.
Phytocoridae, 1:271.
Phytocoris bellus, see Poecilocapsus
lineatus.
linearis, see Lygus pratensis.
lineatus, see Poecilocapsus.
lineolaris, see Lygus pratensis.
quadrivittatus, see Poecilocap-
sus lineatus,
Phytomyza affinis, erroneous refer-
ence of P. chrysanthemi.
chrysanthemi (P. lateralis, P.
affinis in error), 4:75-79, 207;
7 :242-46; 9:421; 10:510; 14:
357°, 374°. , :
dimidiata, 7:2438.
flava, 4:79.
flaviceps, 4:79.
lateralis, erroneous reference of
P. chrysanthemi.
nigricornis, 4:79; 7:242.
obscurella, 4:79.
solita, '7:248.
Phytomyzidae, 4:73, 78; 7:242.
Phytonomus comptus, 1:248.
eximius, 1:248.
meles var. trifolii, 1:248.
nigrirostris, 1:248.
opimus, see P. punctatus.
punctatus (syn. P. opimus,
Curculio), attacked by fun-
gus, 4:178; 5:272-73; 7:315-16;
attacking beans, 2:14-15;
ibibliography, 1:247; desecrip-
tion of beetle and cocoon, 1:
247-48; detailed account, 1:
247-53; distribution, 1:252-53;
first notice of,, 1:249-50; im-
portation of, 1:251-52; life

Black

(syn.

history, 1:250-51; reference,
5 :312; 6:182; 8:300; 9:440; 10:
488) 514: 14::3297%, 336°, 337,
337°, 374°, 378*; remedies, 1:
> 253; 10:488; spread, 2:3.
rumicis (Syn. Hypera), 1:248.

Phytophaga, number of species in
U.S., 4:181.

Phytoptidae, 5:290;

~ 453-60.

Phytoptus, 10:459, 460, 503.

persicae, 10:459, 460.

phloeocoptes, 10:460.

pruni, 12:318, 350; 14:391°, 399°,

pyri, 7:365; 9:442; 10:453-59,
BOle 5032 L2:302; 14:367,, 375%,
384°, 3867, 393%.

quadripes, 5:308, 326; 14:354°.

piatrix, Catocala, 1:90.

picea, Clothilla, see
piceus.

Piceus, Attagenus (Syn. A. fioeenes

A. megatoma, A. rufipennis,
A. spureus, Dermestes, D.
megatoma), 1:64; 2:46-48, 1388,
PAG-> 67120, 188; .7:317, 382;
9:299-306; 10:498; 11:276; 14:
Boe. Bae, Sa, Soo
Dermestes, see Attagenus.
Lepinotus (syn..Clothilla picea),
‘2:201.
picipes, Melanolestes (syn. Pirates,
Reduvius. pungens), 4:109-11;
57016; 14:339', 357°.
Otiorhynchus, see O. singularis.
Pirates, see Melanolestes.

picivorus, Pachylobius, 3:144; 14:
344’.

Pickering, C., cited, 12:238.

Pickle caterpillar or worm, 5:320;
11:126-34, 135, 186, 138; 12:357;
14:395°.

Pickled fruit fly (Drosophila), 1:65,
216-21, 330; 6:117, 178; 11 ens 14:

9:377, 442; IO:

Srp OtS

32a, 335°,
Picromerus bidens (syn. Petite:
toma), 4:133.

picta, Ceramica, see Mamestra.

Harmonia, 2:186.

Mamestra (syn. Ceramica, C.
exusta), 2:1; 4:16, 206; 5:206-

* 10; 9:455; 10:492; 11:265; 18:
She, 43 13* 362", 379°.

pictipes, Aegeria, see Sesia.

Sesia (syn. Aegeria), 5:280.

pictus, Clytus, see Cyllene.

Cyllene (syn. Clytus), 1:297; 2:
223; 8:110, 175, 176; 10:497;
13:360', 373°; 14:3317, 3827,

— 4007.

Pie plant, Lixus concavus on, 1:260.
Pierce, W. C., insects from, 11:286.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS |

Joe

pieridis, Microgaster, see Apanteles
congregatus var.
Pieris caterpillar attacked by fun-
gus, 7:316.
oleracea, 1:322; 4:136; 7:219; 9:
444, 449; 10: 507; 12: 308; 14:
309%, 311°,
rapae, captured first at Quebec,
1:240; 7:335; 8:251; common
wasp preying on, 3:135; dis-
ease of, 2:40; 4:178; in-
creased destructiveness in
this country, 1:9; Phymata
wolffll (Syn. P. erosa) prey-
ing on; 3:109; poisonous ? na-
ture of, 9:446; Pteromalus.
bred from, 9:447; reference,
1:8, 86, 189, 194, 267; 2:90, 92,
938; 4:186; 5:285, 300; 7:219;
9:442, 454; 12:308: 14:310%,
SOG Ho LOry SAO i eee Lea.
375; remedies, 1:39, 52, 59;
2:26; 9:442.
Pig nut, Lachnus caryae on, 5:304.
Pig nut hickory, Elaphidion villo-
Sum (syn. H. parallelum) attack-
ing, 12:362.
Pigeon, John, insects from, 10:517.
Pigweed, insects on;
Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna)
SETA: S219
Plusia brassicae, 2:91.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
pilicornis, Bittacus, 10:476.
piliferus, Haematopinus, 1:48.
pilleriana, Oenectra, 1:56.
Pilophorus cinnamopterus
Camaronotus), 2:186.

(syn.

fraternis (syn. Camaronotus),
2:186.

pilosicollis, Lachnosterna, see L.
tristis.
Phyllophaga, see Lachnosterna
tristis.

pimpinellae, Curculio, 1:248.

Pimpla conquisitor (syn. P. pleuri-
_, vanictus),.: 1:85, 86;..5:310: 11-

134, 188; 14:358°.
inquisitor (syn. Cryptus), 1:84.
lunator, see Thalessa.
pleurivinctus, see P.conquisitor.
species, 5:170.

Pimplariae, 1:145.

pinastri, Ellema, 9:449.

Pine, insects injurious to;
Anomala lucicola, 10:410.
Aphis pinicolens, 9:406.
Aphrophora parallela, 5:245; 9:

398.

Saratogensis (syn. lLepy-
ronia), 9:393.
Basilona imperialis (syn.

Eacles), 2:21; 9:449; 13:3467,

538 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Pine, insects injurious to (contd)
Callidium species, 2:28.
Chermes corticalis, 2:140, 184.

pini, 2:140, 184.
pinicorticis, 2:180-87; 4:147;
9:454; 14:312°.

Chionaspis pinifoliae, 2:184; 7:
366, 384; 9:377.

Cixius pini, 9:385.

Clastoptera obtusa (syn. C.
pini, C. testacea), 5:245; 8:
153-55, 299; 9:393-94.

Coccus, 2:140.

Crypturgus pusillus (syn. C.
atomus), 2:24.

Dendroctonus frontalis, 10:500. ,

Eriosoma strobi (syn. Lachnus),
9:409.
Hylotrupes bajulus, 4:20, 23.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Lachnus' strobi (syn. Schizo-
neura), 3:125.
Livia femoralis, 9:404.
Lophyrus abbotii, 1:42.
Lycia cognataria (syn. Amphi-
dasys), 2:101.
Lygaeonematus erichsonii (syn.
Nematus), 5:168.
Melanoplus spretus, 2:25.
Monohammus confusor, 2:50.
Phiepsius strobi, 9:398, 410.
Pinipestis zimmermani (syn.
Nephopteryx), 7:373.
Pissodes strobi, 2:24; 9:345.
Thanasimus dubius, 4:142.
Tolype laricis, 1:88, 90; 2:21.
Trichogramma species, 8:296.
Typhlocyba coccinea (syn. Em-
poa), 9:403.
Urocerus albicornis, 18:340?.
Austrian; insects injurious to;
Chionaspis pinifoliae, 5:266; 7:
366, 384; 11:2038.
Thrips species, 7:384.
California, Chionaspis pinifoliae
on, 7:366.
Scotch, insects injurious to;
Chermes pinicorticis, 2:180.

Parharmonia pini (syn. Har-

monia), 13:370°.
white, insects injurious to;
Aphrophora parallela, 5:245.
Basilona imperialis (syn.
Eacles), 18:350°.
Chermes pinicorticis, 2:180.
Chionaspis pinifoliae, 5:267.
Lophyrus lecontei, 11:284.,
Pissodes strobi, 3:241; 9:345.
Pine bark Chermes, 2:180-87; 4:147;
9:454: 14:342°:
Pine beetle burrowing in linen, 8:285.
Pine borer, long horned, 2:49.

Pine Clastoptera, 10:497; 14:382°.
Pine emperor moth, 2:232; 4:21; 14:
334°.
Pine inch worm, 10-lined, 4:20.
Pine leaf scale insect, 10:518;, 11:
208, 277; 14:388°.
Pine tree borers, 2:55; 10:500; 18:
370*, 370°; 14:384°, 398°.
Pine weevil, 9:345; 14:383°.
pineum, Ellema, 9:449; 14:307°,311",
pini, Chermes of Hurope, 2:184.
Cixius, 9:385.
Clastoptera, see C obtusa,
Harmonia, see Parharmonia.
Parharmonia (syn. Harmonia),
4:19; 13:370°, 37>. 4439
pinicola, Anomala, see A. lucicola.
pinicolens, Aphis, 9:406, 412.
pinicorticis, Chermes (syn. C. pini-
foliae, Cocecus), 2:180-87; 4:
147; 9:454; 14:312°, 342° 357°.
Coccus, see Chermes.
pinifoliae, Aspidiotus, see Chionas-
pis.
Chermes, see C. pinicorticis.
Chionaspis (syn. Aspidiotus), 2:
180, 184; 5:266; 7:366, 384; 9:
377; 10:518; 11:2038; 14:368°.
Gelechiae, erroneous reference
of G. pinifoliella.
pinifoliella, Gelechiae (G. pinifoliae
in error), 1:156.
Pinipestis zimmermani (syn. Ne-
phopteryx), 4:19; 7:373; 14:3207.
Pink, insects injurious to;
Epicauta pennsylvanica, 6:136.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Pinus austriaca, see Pine, Austrian.
strobus, see Pine, white.
sylvestris, see Pine, Scotch.
Pionea rimosalis, see Evergestis.
Piophila casei (syn. Tyrophaga),
bibliography, 12:229-30; food
habits, 12:233; infesting salt pork,
12:230; insect described and
figured, 12:231-33; life history, 12:
232-33; losses caused by, 12:233;
preventives and remedies, 12:234;
reference, 12:348; 14:391*, 399°.
Piophilidae, species treated of, 12:
229-34.
pipiens, Culex, 12:321, 327.
Pirates biguttatus, see Rasahus.
picipes, see Melanolestes.
piseatrix, Donacia, 10:511.
pisi, Bruchus, see B. pisorum.
pisorum, Bruchus (syn. B. pisi,
Curculio), 6:127, 128; '7:256,
263, 268, 280, 286; 9:489; 12:
355; 14:3534, 373°, 394°.
Curculio, see Bruchus.
Pissodes strobi, 3:141; 4:20, 23; 9:
344-45; 10:498; 14:383°.

a een

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

pithecium, Henomidea, see Phobe-
tron.
Limacodes, see Phobetron,
Phobetron (syn. Ecnomidea,
Limacodes), 1:328; 2:227; 4:
206; 5:183-92, 306; 7:381; 9:
443, 455-56, 461; 11:264, 285;
14:313°, 3327, 355', 362°, 3767.
Pityolita pedipalalis, 10:482.
Pityophthorus puberulus, 2:54.

species “h,” see Xylocleptes
decipiens.
Place, J. A., insects from, 10:511.

placida, Agrotis, see Rhynchagrotis.
Rhynchagrotis (syn. Agrotis),
22 :265,

placidus, Sphenophorus (syn. S&S.
immunis, S. rectus), 1:254, 255.

plagiator, Ephedrus, 5:258.

plagiatus, Cossus, see Prionoxystus
robiniae.

Plagiodera scripta, see Melasoma.

Plagionotus speciosus (syn. Arhopa-
lus, Clytus, Glycobius), bibliog-
raphy, 12:237-38; description of
beetle, 12:239; distribution, 12:
241; family characteristics, 12:
238-39; food plants, 12:242;
formerly a rare insect, 3:103-4;
12:240; life history, 12:240-41;
natural enemies, 12:242; ravages
of the insect, 3:104-5; 8:202-5; 12:
239-40; reference, 1:297; 2:227; 6:
169; 9:442; 10:498, 497, 504, 511,
517; 11:280, 286; 12:248, 362; 14:

aan eae. ool Oth, '38807,'-382°,
386°, 389°, 399°; remedies, 9:105;
12:242,

Plagodis keutzingaria (syn. Hury-
mene), 1:329; 11:266.

Planck, Dr M. G., insects frome, 4:
205.

Planosa laricis, see Tolype.

velleda, see Tolype.

Plant bug, tarnished, 5:275; 9:375;
13:351*-578; 14:400°. See also
Lygus pratensis.

Plant diseases, increase in, 4:185.

Plant lice, abundance of, 3:83, 150;

8:266; 10:426-29, 489; 12:352;
Adalia feeding on, 12:298;
army worm moth attracted
by, 12:203; classification, 1:
4, 79; cold water for, 7:345;
contact insecticides for, 4:
190; 8:274-75; 9:418, 482;
damage caused by, 38:84;
kerosene emulsion for, 5:302;
10:495; lady bugs feeding on,
1:61, 318; 2:186; 3:148; 4:81,
83, 85, 194; 6:118; 7:217; 10:
501; larva of lace winged fly

539

destroying, 2:186; Mantis feed-
ing on, 1:161; prolificacy of,
1:14; reference, 1:161; 2:184;

32152; 47165; Gill; 8:263; 9:
3195: 102365, 5055 112005. 225,
275; 13:3687, 368°; 14:340%,
SAT 30a, 004, 36145 fonts:
393°, 397°, 4007; remedies for,
1:25, 40, 59; 5:315; species

imported, 1:8; Syrphid larvae
destroying, 1:212; 2:186; 12:
350; ugly bee slayer (Phy-
mata) feeding on, 7:371.

on alder, 9:346-47.

apple trees, 3:118-21; 9:373; 13:
363°.

asters and lilies, 9:371-72; 10:
pO,

beech, 3:123-26, 153.

carrots and parsnips, 3:123.

cherry, 9:345-46; 13:3635,

CuLrant, 9:370;.13:363.:
362".

elm, 3:126-27; 5:319; 13:3627.

fruit trees, 10:365-66, 491.

maple, 13:362°, 3631.

muskmelon, 5:306.

peach roots, 5:315.

plum, 9:368-69; 13:363°

poplar, 13:362?.

potatoes, 3:121-22, 149.

vegetable rocts, 10: 84.

woolly, 5:282; 10:494; 14:380°.

Plantago, see Plantain.
Plantain, Ecpantheria fed on, 12:

189.

insects injurious to;

Chelymorpha argus, 4:14.

Dibolia borealis, 10:414-16, 511.

Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),

5:203, 205.

Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:227.
Plantain flea beetle, 10:414-16, 511.
Plantain leaf miner, 10:414-16, 511;

12:352; 14:3931. |
Platanus occidentalis, see Sycamore.
Platarctia hyperborea (Syn. P. par- -

thenos), 9:452; 14:3123.
parthenos, see P. hyperborea.
Plathemis trimaculata, 9:464; 18:
olor.
Plattsburgh morning telegram cited,

7:358; 14:364°.
platycerii, Lecanium, 11:222.
Platyeerura furcilla, see Panthea.
Platygaster error, see Anopedias.

herrickii, 1:321.

larva, 2:231.

Platymetopius acutus (syn. Jassus),

9:402, 410.

Platynus sinuatus, 12:209.

540 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Platyphyllum concavum, see Cyrto-
phyllus concavus.

Platysamia cecropia, see Samia.

plecta, Agrotis, see Noctua.

Noctua (syn. Agrotis), 1:8; 10:
482.
Plemyria fluviata, see Percnoptilota.

Plesiastina annulata, 10:392.

pleurivinctus, Pimpla, see P. con-
quisitor.

plexippus, Anosia (syn. Danais
archippus), 4:135-36; 5:285; 8:287;
10:490; 14:3578, 3797.

plicata, Chlamys, 12:362.

Plodia interpunctella (syn. Ephes-
bay. A cos e206... LOD 10s Ft 1-267
12:360.

plota, Sphinx, see S. canadensis.

Plowrightia morbosa (syn. Sphaeria),
5:280; 320. See also Black knot.

Plugging trees with sulfur, 14:
3817, 390".

Plum, insects injurious to;
Anarsia lineatella, 1:152.
Anomala marginata, 10:412.
aphids, 3:84.

Aphis mali, 9:431-382.
prunifoliae (A. pruni in
error), 8:125. 299; 9:369;

11:276; 12:350.
Aspidiotus nerii, 5:279, 317; 8:

PA ts om be R02 8
perniciosus, 11:206, 207,

224; 12:316.
Basilona imperialis (Syn.

Eacles), 2:232.

Callosamia promethea, 5:324.

Carpocapsa pomonella, 9:340.

Chrysobothris femorata, 6:155.

Clisiocampa disstria (syn. C.
sylvatica), 3:91, 147.

Conotrachelus nenuphar, 38:85;
67104. of 280, soap.» 22207.
440,

cut worms, 2:231.

Hlaphidion villosum (syn. HE.
parallelum), 9:359.

Eriocampa adumbrata, 5:328.

Eriocampoides limacina (syn.
Eriocampa cerasi), 9:335.

Halisidota caryae, 13:369"; 14:
398'.

Homoptera lunata, 4:58.

Hyphantria cunea (syn. H. tex-
tor), 1:306.

Incisalia irus (syn. Thecla), 3:
140.

Lecanium prunastri (L. jug-
landis in error), 11:205.

Leptocoris trivittatus, 10:433.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229; 5:154.

Plum, insects injurious to;
Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202.
Myzus cerasi (syn. Aphis), 2:21;

5:256; 9:346, 440.
Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:77.
Otiorhychus tenebricosus, of
Europe, 2:52.
Phobetron pithecium, 5:307.
Phorodon humuli, 4:13; 6:167;
8:210.
Phytoptus phloeocoptes, 10:460.
Rhopalosiphum species, 13:363°.
Scolytus rugulosus, 3:152; 4:
103, 105, 106.
Sesia pictipes (syn. Aegeria), 5:
280.
Sphinx drupiferarum, 1:327.
Telephorus bilineatus, 8:174.
Thecla liparops (syn. T. stri-
gosa), 4:1387.
Thyridopteryx
mis, 1:84.
Tmetocera ocellana, 7:306, 355.
white grubs, 9:354.
Xyleborus dispar, 1:310; 7:350.
Chickasaw, Phytoptus pruni on,
12:318; 14:391°.
sand, black knot on, 5:281.
wild, Phorodon humuli (syn.
Aphis pruni-mahaleb) on, 1:320.
wild goose, Myzus cerasi on, 14:
375°.

Plum curculio, arsenical spraying
for, 7:290; attacking apple, 1:331;
4:201; attacking peach, 2:6; T:
374; bibliography, 7:288; detailed
account, 7:288-96; in “black
knot,” 5:280; injurious, 8:125; 9:
297; london purple or paris green
for, 7:291; oviposition of, 2:7; 7:
295-96; 11:122; paris green, how
to mix, 7:292-93; reference, 1:259,
261, 316; 2:124; 3:85; 4:106; 5:300,.
3825; 6:104; 7:348; 9:422, 440; 11:
210, 279; .12:266, 270) tase
350°, 353°, 364°; remedies, 1:45, 57,

ephemeraefor-

58, 68, 65; 4:201; 7:289-95; 9:417,°

433-34; Sigalphus parasitic on, 1:
308; soldier beetle larva preying
on, 4:86; spraying, beneficial re-
sults of, 7:293-95; spraying ex-
periments on, 9:417, 483-34,
strength of mixture for, 7:291-92;
Thrips destroying eggs of, 2:31;
11:248; time to spray for, 7:290-
91.

Plum gouger, 4:17; 7:293; 11:270.

Plum leaf fungus, 4:185.

Plum mite, 12:350; 14:391°.

Plum tree aphis, 9:368-69; 10:498s;
11:276; 14:383%, 388°

Plum tree moth, 11:266.

Plum tree Phytoptus, 10:460.

Plum tree scale (Lecanium prunas-
dis 1205-6) 201° 217, 2183, 14:
388", 389%.

«Plum tree Sphinx, 11:264.

Plumbago, Aramigus fulleri on, 2:
148.

plumbeus, Tomocerus (syn. Podura
bicolor), 2:205, 244.

Plume moth, gartered, 8:284; 12:
218-22; 14:399*. See also Oxypti-
lus periscelidactylus.

plumifera, Psyche, 1:83.

plumigeraria, Boarmia, see Con‘odes,

Coniodes (syn. Boarmia), 10:
494- 11:266; 14:380°.

Plusia aerea, 10:376, 482.

aeroides, 9:456; 10:376, 482; 14:
lee

ampla, 10:3877.

balluea, 9:456; 10:376; 12:308;
14:3137.

bimaculata, 10:376.

brassicae (P. ni Grote in error),
biblicgraphy, 2:89-90; canni-
balistic habits, 2:93; descrip-
tion of stages, 2:90-91; de-
tailed account, 2:89-93; dis-
tribution and injuries, 2:92;
9:296; food plants, 2:91-92;
general account (abstract), 6:
184; number of broods, 2:92;
number of parasites from one
larva, 1:156; parasites of, 1:
156; 3:410; reference, 1:189;
2:94; 9:422, 462; 14:330°, 342°,
378;, remedies, 1:65; 2:93;
resemblance to Plusia ni, 2:
92.

eculta, 2:97; 14:3073,

dyaus, see P. rogationis.

epigaea, 10:377

formosa, 10:377.

famma. 12119.

mappa, 10:377.

mortuorum, 5:285; 10:376, 377.

moths, 2:96.

ni, of Europe, 1:189; 2:89, 90,
92; 6:184.

ni Grote, erroneous reference of
P. brassicae.

ou, 2:97.

precationis,
ike pay eae

purpurigera, see Deva.

putnami, 10:377.

rogationis (syn. P. dyaus), 2
94-97, 228; 14:333', 342°.

selecta (syn. P. viridisignata),
10-377;

simplex, 10:376, 487; 14:3787.

2:97; 10:376, 482;

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS © 541

Plusia thyatiroides, 10:377.
u-aureum, 10:376, 377,
viridisignata, see P. Selecta.

Plusias, in the Adirondacks, 6:178;
10:376; scarcity of, 12:308.

Plutella cruciferarum (syn. Ceros-
toma brassicella), 1:322.

pluvialis, Anthomyia, 1:171.
Clisiocampa, 11:265.

Piympton, A. S., insects from, 6:1838.

Poa annua, grain aphis on, 5:252.
pratensis, sce Grass.

poaphagus, Limothrips, 5:153.

podagra, Dimeraspis, see Microdon
globosus.

Podisus cynicus (syn. Arma gran-

ats), (Libr? 356. 23612 14:
Sos.

modestus, 5:170; 6:189; 7:353;
13 :3744,

spinosus (syn. Arma), 1:331; 2:
146; 6:137T; 8:238, 300; 9:457;
12:262; 14:31, 368".

Podosesia syringae, 9:338, 461; 10:
498; 14:383".

Podura aquatica, 2:2103: 7-374; 11:

Dae.
bicolor, sce Tomocerus plum-
beus. :
fimetaria, see Aphorura armata.
humicola; see Achorutes, ©
nivalis, see Degeeria.
nivicola, see Schoturus.
species, see Achorutes diversi-
ceps.

Poduridae (spring tails), 1:79, 101;
Glia verse 24251542" 3 142320%
824+.

Poecilocapsus goniphorus, 11:284.

lineatus (syn. Capsus 4-vitta-
tus, Lygaeus, Lygus, Phyto-
coris, P. bellus, P. 4- wvittatus),
1:271-81; 4:200; 5:273;.10:512;
11 :284; 12: 363; 14: 3363, 349",
300%, 3634,

Poeciloptera pruinosa, see Ormenis.
vulgaris, see Lamenia.

Poecilosoma candidatum, 13:336*,

Poey, Phelipe, . Centwrie de Lépidop-
téres del’ tle de Cuba cited, 11:134.

Pointer, Mrs E., insects from, 8:299.

Poke berry, Ecpantheria ocularia
(syn. E. scribonia) feeding on, 12:
183, 189.

Polistes fuscatus, see P. pallipes.

pallipes (syn. P. fuseatus), 1:
330; 3:1385; 6:109; 11:264, 284.

polita, Mesograpta, 7:233.

Polites peckius (syn. Pamphila), 4
137.

politum, Trypoxylon, 12:359.

542

politus, Phalacrus, 6:170; 14:361°.
Pollenia atramentaria, of Europe,
Beer
rudis (syn. Musca, M. fami-
liaris), 2:117; 8:297; 9:309-14,
439; 10:498, 510, 516; 12:361;
18:370°; 14:375', 383°, 398°.
vespillo, 9:310, 313.
Polycaon confertus, 1:330; 2:131;
11 :268.
Polydesmidae, species treated of,
12:300-3.
Polydesmus, -habits of species, 12:
301.

canadensis, see P. serratus.
complanatus, 38:1383, 142, 153;
12:301, 349.
faleatus, 12:364.
serratus, 3:1383; 12:301, 349.
species, 14:346°.
virgimiensis, 3:134.
polygama, Catocala, see C. grynea.
polygonalis, Mecyna, 11:142.
polygoni, Gastroidea, 8:298; 10:519.
Polygonia comma (syn, Grapta), 8
137 AO OO fet Pao 84 Sele:
14,:309°; form dryas, 4:137.
faunus (syn. Grapta), 4:187; 5:
282, 317; 10:507; 14:309°, 339°.
interrogationis (syn. Grapta, G.
c-aureum), 6:187; 8:187,
300; 9:446; <40:508; 14:
810°, 310°.
var. umbrosa (syn. Grapta
umbrosa), 9:446; 10:508.
progne (syn. Grapta), 4:137; 10:

507; 11:284; 14:309°.
satyrus (syn. (Grapta), Silo:
P4632 1°:

Polygonum, Hydroecia nitela (syn.
Gortyna) on, 1:112.
amphibium, Lixus rubellus on,
1:260.
aviculare, see Knotgrass.
persicaria, see Lady’s thumb.
polygrapha, Corythuca, 4:109.
nope pus rufipennis (syn. Apate),
D4.
polyphemus, Telea, 2:77; 3:140; 9:
456; 10:481, 493, 515; 11:265, 285;
13:350°; 14:313°, 380%.
Polyphylla, scarred, 11:268.
Polyphylla decemlineata, 11:268.
variolosa (syn. Macronoxia), 1
54, 71, 330; 11:268.
poet versicolor, a fungus, 9:
62.
Polystoechotes punctatus, 5:285.
polyturator, Pelecinus, 10:515, 519.
polyxenes, Papilio (syn. P. asterias),
3:140; 4:186; 10:507, 515; 12:307;
14: 309*,
Pomace fly, pretty, 11:267.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Pomegranate, Icerya purchasi on,
4:187.
pometaria, Alsophila (syn. Anisop-
teryx), 1:11, 57, 72,329; 443;
139, 140, 206; 11:266; 13:365°,
370°; 14:357°, 396°, 398%.
Anisopteryx, see Alsophila.
pometella, Rhinosia, see Ypsolophus
pometellus.
pometellus, Chaetochiius, see Ypsolo-
phus.

Ypsolophus (syn. Argyrolepia
pomoriana, <A. sylvaticana,
Chaetochilus CC. contuber-
nalellus, Rhinosia pometella,

Y. contubernalellus), 1:300,

301, 329; LL26%2
pomicorticis, Mytilaspis, see M.
pomorum.,

pomifoliella, Bucculatrix, see Buce-
culatrix pomifoliella.
Lithocolletis (syn. L. crataegel-
la); 128303 £i20T:
pomivorella, Micropteryx, 1:330; 10:
Dl Ose ad.
pomonella, Carpocapsa, see Carpo-
capsa pomonella.
Rhagoletis, see Trypeta.
Trypeta (syn. Rhagoletis), 1:
830; 2:117-25, 227, 234; 4:174;
5:300; 8:245-49; 10:391, 499;
11:267; 12:347, 348; 14:336',
842°, 343°, 3537, 384°, 391°.
pomoriana, Argyrolepia, see Ypsolo-
phus pometellus.
pomorum, Anthonomus, 11:270.
Aspidiotus, see Mytilaspis.
Mytilaspis, see Mytilaspis pomo-
rum,
Pomphopoea aenea, 1:331; 11:269.
sayi (syn. Lytta),, 6:136; 14:
368".

Pompilius species, 13:341°.

Pomroy, Norman, insects from, 5:
325; 6:188; 9:464; 10:512, 517; 11:
286; 12:246.

pomum, Pontania (syn. Nomen

salicis-pomum), 5:173; 12:359, 360;
14:362°.
Pontania pomum (syn. Nematus

salicis-pomum), 5:178; 12:359,
360; 14:362°.
species, 18:336°.
Popenoe, E. A., cited, 4:156; 7:255;
10:482.
Poplar, insects injurious to;
Agrilus anxius (syn. A. torpi-
dus), 5:283.
Bryobia pratensis, '7:322.
Cicada septendecim, 2:176,
Cossus centerensis, 3:140; 7:
378; 8:294.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Poplar, insects injurious to (cont'd)
Lygaeonematus erichsonii (syn.
Nematus), 5:171.

Mamestra grandis, 5:210; 14:
362%.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:202;
13 :3748. ;

Oecanthus niveus, 7:384.

Pheosia dimidiata, 14:310'.

Scoliopteryx libatrix, 8:172.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84.

Trichiocampus viminalis (syn.
Aulacomerus lutescens), 4:44;

Bat 225%

Lombardy, Crepidodera helxines

on, 4:102.

Poplar borer, 11:269.

Poplar feeding cut worm, 5:210.

Poplar saw fly, 4:44-46; 5:171; 7:
223; 9:439; 14:357°, 874°.

Popular gardening cited, 4:194; 7:
861; 14:347", 365*, 365°, 3657.

Popular science news cited, 7:364; 14:
367:.

populatum, Eustroma (syn. Cidaria
packardata), '7:375; 14:321%.

populi,; Chaitophorus (syn. Lachnus),

9:407, 411, 412.
Lachnus, see Chaitophorus.

populi-transversus, Pemphigus, 18:
361°-62?; 14:400°.

populifoliae, Aphis, see Chaitopborus.

Chaitophorus (syn. Aphis), 9:
406, 411, 412.
Populus balsamifera, see Balm-of-
7 Gilead.
dilatata, see Poplar, Lombardy.
monilifera, see Cottonwood.
tremuloides, see Poplar.

Pork, salt, Piophila casei infesting,
12:230.

Porthetria dispar (syn. Ocneria), 7:
302-4, 336, 357; 9:422-26, 432-33,
434, 440; 10:369-72, 485; 11:264;
Wioae. ott. oll, a02°. =

posticata, Imatisma, see Mallota.

Malota (syn. M. barda, M. cim-
biciformis, M. sackeni, Hris-
talis, E. coactus, Imatisma,
Merodon balanus, M. bardus,
Milesia barda), 1:211-16; 4:

141; G:173; 14:324, 335°.
posticatus, Hristalis, see Mallota

posticata.

Potato, insects, ete., injurious to;

Aphids, species of, 3:84, 121,
148, 149; 14:345°, 345°, 3523.
Aphorura armata (syn. Lipura

fimetaria), 2:210.
Bibio albipennis, 2:112.
Cantharis nuttalli (syn. Lytta),
8:294,

543

Potato, insects, etc., injurious to;
Chrysochus auratus, 4:142.
Coptocycla bicolor (syn, C. auri-

chalcea), 7:376; 14:320°.
elavata, 5:322:; 6G:126- 115:
14,:325°.
signifera (syn. C. guttata),
7 :369.

2:146;

Cosmospepla carnifex,
9:458; 14:314°,

cut worms, 8:236.

Doryphora decemlineata, 2:3;
4:191; 5:290-91; 8:122; 9:297.

Epicauta cinerea, 6:135; 8:294;

12:354. ‘
pennsylvanica, 1:305;6:135;
E286:
Vittatas 1 :300:~ GaAs?) iGs
7:376; 12:354; 14:322°, 3267.

Epidapus scabies, 10:447.

Epitrix cucumeris’ (Syn. Crepi-
dodora), 10:489; 14:378°.

Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna),
Pett SOp 252267 TBs 8:
PO TA 326 Sac,

Julus caeruleocinctus, 3:182,
142, 158; 9:464; 10:445-46; 14:
3465, 377°.

Lachnosterna fusca, 9:296.

Lema trilineata, 2:133; 10:491;
11:286; 14:379°.

Lygus pratensis, 8:291; 12:363;
18:351', 852°, 354*; 14:315*.
Macrobasis unicolor, 5:321; 8:
291; 12:315, 362; 14:341*, 354°.
Macrodactylus subspiposus, 1:

229.

Mamestra grandis, 5:210.

Melanoplus spretus, 1:7.

Oxytelus rugosus, 3:142.

plant louse, 3:121, 149.

Polydesmus complanatus, 3:133,
142,

Rhizoglyphus phylloxerae, 10:
451, 487; 14:377°.

Rhopalosiphum solani (syn. Me-
goura), 3:121, 149; 14:345°,

Pia jane

Sciara fucata, 5:265.
hyalipennis, 5:265.
longipes, 5:265.
pauciseta, 12:224, 361.
pulicaria, 5:265.
quinquelineata, 5:265.
Vittatal d:265.

Systena taeniata (syn. S.
blanda), 4:156.

Trichobaris trinotata, 38:106,
149.

Tyroglyphus lintneri, 12:352.
Uropoda americana, 3:142.
white grubs, 9:356.

wire worms, 14:332°.

544

Potato, sweet, insects injurious to;
Cassida nigripes, 6:127; 7:363,

Coptocycla bicolor (syn. C.
aurichalcea), 2:223; 6:125, ee
7 :363; 14:3307.

Cylas formicarius, 3:141, 154.
Potato aphis, 3:121, 148, 149; 14:
BY Ces ;
Potato beetle, blister (Cantharis
‘atrata),1:305; (Epicauta penn-
sylvanica), 6:185; (Hpicauta
vittata), 6:132; (Macrobasis
unicolor), 5:321.

Colorado (Doryphora decemlin-
eata), abundance of, 5:153;
9:297; mite, 5:289-91, 318; 7:
312; reference, 1:43, 236, 244;
S112) 138+) daGs Ae 3:135,
154; 4:156; 5:300; 6:182; 7:
345, 3738; 8:221, 274; 9-422:
11 :274, 288; 12:23); 26,0201 5
13 :364°; 14,:3142, 3165, 320°,
BAR: 14d re BH Oe & BAOe Shee
363°, 385°, 387°, 396*; remedies,
1:26, 32, 39, 44; 9:297; species
preying on, 1:145; 2:3; 4.:161-
62°35 289-91: Gils 1902: 7s
312; 9:457; 10:496, 502; 12:
285-37; spread of, 1:239, 267;
4,:191.

tortoise (Chrysochus), 4:142.

Potato beetle’ killer (Lebia grand's),
10:496; 12:235-37.

Potato kug (Doryphora decemlin-
eata), sce Potato beetle, Colorado.

Potato mites, 10:451; 14:3937.

Potato scab, prevention of, 10:447-
48.

Potato stalk weevil, 3:106, 149; 4:
204; 14:345°, 352°.

Potentilla, see Cinquefoil.

Potter wasp, fraternal, 2:231; 6:
109-11.

Powdery mildew, 4:185.

Powell, E. C., insects from, 10:519;
Pae251-

Powell, G. T., cited, 9:318; insects

from, “4:206; 5:325; '7:382, 383; 10:
519; 11:286.

Practical entomologist cited, 1:81,
172, 258, 264; 2:191,°125; 148, 168,
180; 3:183; 4:28, 107, 114; 5:192;
7:288; 8:159; 9:300, 307; 10:408;

2741 145; 197; 2483: 12285) 13351"
14:3107.

Praedores, number of U. S. species,
4:181.

Prairie farmer cited, 1:99, 110, 264;
2:148; 5:246; 6:147; 9:300; 10:378,
433; 11:145, 249.

Prairie farmer annual cited, 11:145.

- Preston, EH. J.,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Praon avenaphis, 5:253.
prasina, Agrotis, see Adelphagrotis:
Adelphagrotis (syn. Agrotis), 1:
8; 10:377, 482.
pratensis, Bryobia (syn. B. pallida,
Trombidium bicolor in error),
2:224; $3:128-30; 6:158, 159,
161, 180; 7:321-24, 365; 9:440;
10:450, 486; 11:272,. 288; 13:
315°}. 14::3328))- 3315 352. a0
368%, 374", 3T7.
Cimex, see Lygus.
Lyeus, see Lygus pranoieee
pratorum, Achorutes, see Schoturus.
Schoturus (syn. Achorutes), 2
206.
Pratt, Mrs H. A., ‘on “habits >oe
carpet beetle, 11:172.

precationis, Plusia, 2:97; 10:376,
482; 13:372°
Press. and Knickerbocker [Albany]

cited, 7:358; 9:446.
insects from, 12:311,
360.
pretiosa, Catceala, see C. crataegi
var.
| Trichogramma,
194, 197, 205;
348°.
Preventives, see Remedies and pre-
ventives. :
Price & Reed, qisects from, 10:599.
Prickly ash, Heraclides cresphontes
(syn. Papilio) on, 9:337.
Primula, insects injurious to;
Otiorhynchus singularis (syn.
O. picipes), 2:52.
suleatus, 2:52.
Thrips species, 11:248.
primus, Derostenus, 10:369; 12:267.
princeps, Epicordulia (syn. Epi-
theca), 11:288.
Epitheca, see Epicordulia.
Princes pine, Sitodrepa panicea in,
4:92.
Prindie, C. N., insects from, 6:189.
Prionidus ecristatus (syn. Cimex,
Prionetus), 2:280; 4:113; 5:316; 6=
138-41; 8:294; 14:317', 333°, 3397;
3687.
Prionotus cristatus, see Prionidus.
Prionoxystus macmurtrei (syn. Cos-
svs querciperda), 2:216; 7:220,
Sfos) i 4so2e8
robiniae (syn. Cossus, OC.
-crepera, C. plagiatus, C. reti-
culatus, Xyleutes), 2:216; 7:
375; 9:426, 450; 11:265; 14:
ae

2:220, 229; 4:
14:333%, 347°,

’Prionus, broad necked, 1:330; 11:
268

tile horned, 11:268.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

-Prionus imbricornis, 1:330; 11:268.
laticollisn. Azae0; (4:22; -11:268;:
ES AiO
Priophora serrata, see Haematobia.
Pristiphora grossulariae, see Gyin-
nonychus appendieculatus.
Privy ity,°4:168;, 171:
proboscideus, Balaninus, see Balani-
nus proboscideus.
Curculio, see Balaninus.
Prochoerodes nubilata, see
lodes.
transversata, see Sabulodes.
Proconia, four striped, 9:395-96.
Proconia quadrivittata, see Diedro-
cephala coccinea.
Procris americana, see Harrisina.
Proctotrupes, 1:308.
Proctotrupidae, 1:241.
prodigiosa, Traumatomyia, 4:72.
prodromus, Aphodius, 7:312.
progne, Grapta, see Polygonia.
Polygonia (syn. Grapta), 4:137;
10:507; 11:284; 14:309°.
prolifica, Chloropisca, see C. vari-
ceps.
Sciara, 12:226, 227; 18:372°.
Promachus apivorus, see P. fitchii.
fitchii (syn. P. apivorus, Tru-
panea apivora), 1:318.
Promethea, assembling of, 1:70, 71.
promethea, Aitacus, sce Callosamia.
- Callosamia (syn. Attacus), lL:
72, 98, 328; 5:324; 9:455; 12:
338- 41; 14: 3133.
Prominent, Unicorn, 1 328; 11-265.
Pronuba yuccasella, Biko. -
propertius, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1
334, 335; 6:180; 14:327".
propinqualis, Rivula, 4:206.
propinquans, Stenobothrus,
Orphulella pelidna.
prostrata, Homalomyia, 1:171.
Proteopteryx spoliana, 11:266.
Proteoteras aesculana, 12:214, 215,
ZAG, 217,
claypoliana, see Steganoptycha.
proteus, Clastoptera, 1:285; 5:245;
9 :394.

Sabu-

SEE

Hudamus, 1:337; 6:180; 14:327".

Protoparce celeus, see Phiegethon-
tius.

Provancher, L’Abbé Leon, Faune
du Canada cited, 2:198; Additions
et corrections au volume II de la
Faune entomologique du Canada,
Hyménoptéres cited, 5:164; 11:109;
Petite Faune entomologique du
Canada, Coléoptéres cited, 4:93; 5:
232; 9:300, 307; Hémiptéres cited,
5:242; 8:152, 154; 10:480.

provocans, Culex, 12:321.

.

proxima, Chlorops, 1:226.
pruinella, Anarsia, see A, lineatella.

'pruinosa, Cicada, sée C. tibicen.

Ormenis (syn. Poeciloptera), 9:
3887, 410.

Poeciloptera, see Ormenis.,
pruinosum, Lecanium, 11:271.
prunastri, Lecanium (L. juglandi-

fex and L. juglandis in error), 10:
518; 11:205, 206, 271, 278; 14:389°.
Prune, Bryobia pratensis on, 7:322.-
pruni, Acronycta (A. ciarescens in
error), 1-328; 51-265;
Aphis, erroneoys reference of
A. prunifoliae.
Phytoptus, 12:318, 350; ae
399°.
pruni-mahaleb, Aphis, see Bieradan
humuli.
prunicida, Coccotorus, see C. scutel-
laris.
prunicola, Aphis (syn. A. persicae-
niger, Myzus persicae), 2:19-23; 5:
256, 315; 9:369; 11:279; 14:338°,
389".
prunifoliae, Aphis (A. pruni in
error), 8:125, 299; 9:369; 11:277;
127350; .14.:388°, 3923.
prunina, Lachnosterna, 11:268.
prunivora, Grapholitha, 1:329; 11:
266.
prunivorella, Ornix, see O. gemina-
tella.

“prunus, Amphibolips (syn. Cynips),

4:42, 48; 14:357+.
Cynips, see Amphibolips.
Prunus mahaleb, see Plum, wild.
maritima, see Plum, sand.
serotina, see Cherry, wild.
Simoni, Lecanium species on, ~
12:363.
virginiana, see Cherry, choke.
Pruyn, R. C., insects from, 6:190.
Psectra diptera (Syn. Hemerobius
delicatulus, H. dipterus), 4:176.

Psenocerus supernotatus, 1:321,
Sal; S21G0; 11:268.
pseudacaciella, Argyromiges, see

Lithocolletis robiniella.
Pseudaglossa lubricalis, 1:340; 11:
284.

Pseudanthonomus crataegi (syn.
Anthonomus), 1:331; 11:270.
pseudargiolus, Cyaniris (syn. ly-
ecaena), 5:285; 7:375; 8:291;
14:315%, 321°, 321°.
var. lucia, Cyaniris (syn. Ly-

caena lucia), 7:375; 8:291; 14:
sa ie

var. neglecta, Cyaniris (syn. Ly-
caena neglecta), 7:3874; 8:291;
14315*, 321";

Lycaena, see Cyaniris.

546

as oma ees Leucania, 1:340; 10:

482.

Pseudococcus aceris, 11:287.

Pseudoneuroptera, 1:161; 4:167; 11;
106, 288.

Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides

(syn. P. expultrix), 10:481.
‘expulitmx;, “see.2° Po eymatio-
phoroides.

Psila rosae, 1:46, 49.

Psithyrus, studies of, 11:104.
| eelatus, 11:104.

citrinus, 11:104.

Psoa maculata,, 11:268.

Psocidae, 1:65, 161, 316; 2:198, 199,
201, 202; 5:323; 6:161; 11:248; 12:
3864; literature of, 2:2038.

Psocus aceris, see P. yvenosus.

domesticus, 1:65, 162.

quietus, 1:161.

semistriatus, 1:161.

tritici, 1:298.

venosus (syn. P. aceris), 1:161,
316.

Psoini, 2:132.

Psorophora ciliata (syn. Culex cilia-
tus), 12:327.

Psoroptes communis (syn. P. equi),

7:362; 14:366'.
equi, see P. communis.

Psyche cited, 1:81, 99; 2:69, 116, 203,
229-230) 238i; DAS4? 1937 Siti
295-256, 380; 8:151, 160; -9:509,
330; 10:377, 388, 405, 416, 417,
477, 478; 11:134, 157, 160, 178, 181,
182, 248, 249, 250; 12:183, 190, 192,
194, 214, 218, 230, 238, 2438, 254,
265, 2738, 298; 13:3411, 3437, 343°,
3447, 3443 344% 3447, 3528, 353"; 14:
3238 383%, 333°, 334, 33847, 336%.

Psyche plumifera, 1:83.

Psycomorpha epimenis,
3137.

Psylla, four lined, 9:404.

three dotted, 9:404.

Psylla annulata, see P. carpini var.

buxi, 2:18.

carpini, 9:404, 411.

var annulata, 9:404, 411.

mali, 9:323.

pyri, erroneous reference of P.
pyricola.

pyri of Europe, 9:321, 322.

pyricola (P. pyri and P. pyri-
suga in error), bibliography,
9:317-18; characteristics of
its family, 9:319; description
by Harris, 9:321-22; detailed
account, 9:317-29; distribu-
tion, 9:325, 429, 445; 10:425-
26: earliest notice of, 9:319-
21; injuries by, 8:124; 9:325,
326; life history, 9:326-28; on

9:455; 14:

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

apple trees, 1:331; ravages
by, 8:219-20; recent multipli-
cation in Hudson river val-
ley, 9:322-24; reference, 8:
280, 281, 285, 299; 9:293, 484,
441, 466; 10:498, 518; 11:271;
123352; 143707," S102 250)
375*, 3768, 383°, 393°; referred
to P. pyricola, 9:322; reme-
dies, 9:329, 430.

pyrisuga, erroneous reference
of P. pyricola.

quadrilineata, 9:404, 411.

simulans, 9:328.

tripunctata, see Trioza.

Psyllidae, 1:300; 2:18; 7:367; 9:317,
319, 381, 404, 411; 10:425-26; 11:
27.

Psylliodes punctulata, 1:296.

Ptelea trifoliata, see Hop tree.

Pteris aquilina, see Brake, common.

Pteromalinae, 4:29, 66; 7:307.

Pteromalus, 1:86, 225, 307; 2:79.
fulvipes, see Merisus.
gelechiae, 2:110.
hordei, see Isosoma,
puparum, 1:86; 9:447, 454; 14:

310%,’ 310".
tritici, see Isosoma.

Pteronus ribesii (syn. Nematus, N.
ventricosus) egg parasite of, 2:
217-20, 229; 4:205; oviposition, 2:
220-21; Podisus cynicus preying
on, 7:356; reference, 1:8; 3:85, 88,
144° "7:335: 8:125; 14333
remedies, 1:41, 46, 56; 5:156-57.

Pterophori, hibernation of, 12:221.

Pterophoridae, family character-
istics, 12:219; species treated of,
12:218-22.

Pterophorus periscelidactylus, see
Oxyptilus.

Pterostichus, 10:493.

sculptus, 12:209.

Ptilodontinae, 1:137.

Ptinidae, 2:125, 182; 4:22, 88; 8:285;

tt 268:

Ptinus brunneus, 4:90, 92; 6:188.
fur, 2:138; 4:93.
qguadrimaculatus, 3:188; 4:93;

6:188.

Ptycholoma persicana, 10:483.

Ptyelus lineatus (syn. Cercopis,.
Cicada lineata), 4:120; 5:245; 7:
883; 14:357°

puberulus, Pityophthorus, 2:54.

Publilia concava (syn. Entilia), 9:
387, 410.

pulchraria, Cleora, see Nepytia semi-
clusaria.

Pulex irritans, 1:62; 6:1738; 14:324*.

serraticeps, see Ceratopsyllus.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS |

pulicaria, Corimelaena, 5:319; 8:

212-14, 283; 10:497; 14:340°, |

371°, 382°.
Sciara, 5:265; 10:388.
pulicarius, Lathridius, see L. rufi-
collis.
Pulicidae, 1:79.
pulsatoria, Clothilla (syn. Atropos
pulsatorius), 1:162, 298, 316;2:201,
202; 5:323; 14:341%.
pulsatorius, Atropos,
pulsatoria.

see Clothilla

Pulvinaria acericola Walsh & Riley |

(syn. Lecanium), 6:148, 147;
ode L200.
innumerabilis (syn. Coccus, C.
aceris, Lecanium acerella, L.
acericorticis, L. caricae, L.
maclurae Auth.; Coceus hes-
peridum and Pulvinaria vitis
in error), bibliography, 6:146-
47; description, 6:142; 11:204,
205; detailed account, 6:141-
47; food plants, 6:148; 7:370;
general account, 1:301, 309,
310; history, 6:142-43; infest-
ing grape vines, 2:22; 6:145-
46; infesting maples, 1:3809,
MO 2.2002 Dialo> 8:177-(8:
11:205; life history, 6:148;
reference, 3:146; 5:326; 7:376,
384; 8:110, 216; 10:497, 499,
512; 11:204, 205, 275, 281; 14:
allS, 318", 322%, 333°, 3387, 344°,
3687, 3821, 384°, 388%, 390°;
remedies, 5:318; 6:143-45.
maclurae Kenn. (syn. Coccus,
Lecanium), 1:301; 6:142, 143.
salicis, 9:411.
vitis, erroneous reference of P.
innumerabilis,
vitis of Europe, 6:146.
pumila, Myobia, 11:177.
Phora, 10:403.
pumilionis, Chlorops, see Oscinis.
Oscinis (syn. Chlorops), 1:225,
226.
pumilus, Brachynemurus (syn. Myr-
meleon), 11:238.
Myrmeleon, see Brachynemurus,
Pumpkin, insects injurious to;
Anasa tristis, 3:110.
eut worms, 8:236.
Heliothis armiger, 1:120.
Melittia satyriniformis (syn. M.
cucurbitae), 2:63.
punctata, Coptocycla, see C. bicolor.
Hyphantria, see H. cunea.
Pelidnota, 1:307; 5:229, 310, 312,
325; 11:268, 286; 12:362; 18:
373°; 14:3587.
Sciara, 10:388.
Synchroa, 11:269.

547

punctatissima, form of Basilona im-
- perialis, 13:350*.

punctatus, Curculio, see Phytono-
mus.
Phytonomus, see Phytonomus
punctatus. —

Polystoechotes, 5:286.

punctipennis, Anopheles (syn. A.
hyemalis, Culex hyemalis, A.
quadrimaculatus in error), 1:
298; 2:241; 12:320; 14:343*.

Haltica, 11:269.

punctistriga, Artace, 8:287; 14:3737.

punctor, Culex, see C. consobrinus.

punctulata, Psylliodes, 1:296.

pungens, Culex, 12:321.

Reduvius, see ; Melanolestes
picipes,

Punky or little gray gnat, 7:364; 11:
106; 14:367?.

puparum, Pteromalus, 1:86; 9:447,
454; 14:310%, 310°.

purchasi, Icerya, 4:187, 188; 5:326;
6:104; '7:340; 8:275; 11:271.

Purdue university, course
tomology at, 12:344.

purgatum, Ophion, 12:193, 211.

purpurana, Cacoecia, 10:483.

purpurescens, Achorutes, 2:207.

Purpuricenus humeralis, 1:297.

purpurigera, Deva (syn. Plusia), 10:
376.

Plusia, see Deva. ;
purpuripennis, Gortyna, see Hydroe-
cia u-album.

purpurissata, Mamestra, 10:377.

pusillus, Crypturgus (syn. C. ato-
mus), 4:20, 24.

pustularia, Physostegania

Stegania), 10:483.
Stegania, see Physostegania.
putator, Elaphidion, see H. villosum.

Stenocorus, see Elaphidion villo-
sum.

Putnam, J. D., cited, 6:147.

putnami, Plusia, 10:377.

pygmaea, Baetis (syn. Chloe), 4:123,

Capnia (syn. Perla nivicola), 1:
298; 2:239; 11:288; 14:3431.
Chloe, see Baetis.

pygmaeus, Cephus, 3:88, 147; 7:334;
8:167; 10:515. oe

pylades, Eudamus, 1:337, 388.

Pyralid web caterpillar, 1:329; 6:
189; 11:266.

Pyralidae, 1:127, 329; 4:14; 10:483,
487; 11:145-51, 266; reference to
new species, 4:178.

Pyralis costalis (syn. Asopia, Hyp-
sopygaea, Phalaena, Pyralis
himbrahns,. Po lolinalis,, ~ im
error), American history, 11:
149-50; an associated species,

in en-

(syn.

548

11:151; a European insect,
11:147; bibliography. 11:145-
47; characters of family, 11:
147; European history, i1:
148-49; injuries by. 11:159-51;
larva described, 11:148; life
history, 11:150; moth de-
scribed, 11:148; reference,
10:483, 487; 12:357; 18:358°,
372*; 14:378*, 395°, 400°; reme-
dies and preventives, 11:151.
farinalis (syn. Asopia), 8:300;
10:483; 11:146, 151,
fimbrialis, see P. costalis.
glaucinalis, 11:148.
hyalinata, see Margaronia.
Olinalis erroneous reference of
P. costalis.
Pyrameis atalanta, see Vanessa.
cardui, see Vanessa.
huntera, see Vanessa.
pyramidoides, Amphipyra, 1:328; 4:
138; 8:296; 11:265.
Pyrausta adipaloides (syn. Botis),
10:483.
futilalis (syn. Botys, Botis erec-
talis), bibliography, -11:138-
39; eggs, 11:139; énemies of,
11:141-42; generations, num-
ber of, 11:141; larvae, habits
and stages. 11:139-41; moth
described, 11:141; pupa, 11:
140-41; reference, 12:357; 14:
395‘.
theseusalis (syn. Botis), 10:483.
unifascialis (syn. Botis), 10:483.

Pyraustidae, 11:126-42.
Pyrellia cadaverina (syn. Lucilia),
1:299.
Pyrethrum, Phytomyza chrysan-
themi (P. lateralis_in error)

in heads of, 4:77.
inodorum, see Feverfew, corn.
Pyrgita domestica, see Sparrow,
English.
Pyrgus, structural characters, 1:
3836; 2:214.
Pyrgus (syn. Scelothrix), 1:33
caespitalis (syn. P. petreius, P.
ricara), 1:336.
centaureae, see Hesperia.
ericetorum, 1:336.
macaira (syn. P. oceanus), 1:
336.
maculatus, see Scelothrix,
oceanus, see P. macaira.
petreius, see P. caespitalis.
philetas, 1:336.
ricara, see P. caespitalis.
seriptura, 1:336.
tessellata, see Hesperia mon-

tivaga.
xanthus, 1:336.

| pyrisuga, Psylla,

_ Pyrophorus

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

pyri, Diaspis (syn. Aspidiotus cir-

cularis, BD. ostreaeformis in
error), 1:331; 11:271.

Eriosoma, see Schizoneura lani-

gera.
Lecanium, 8:299; 11 O71,
Pemphigus, see Sechizoneura
lanigera.

Phytoptus, 7:365; 9:442; 10:453-
89, 501, 503; 12:352; 14:367,
27348 384°, 386, 393%.
. Psylia, erroneous reference OL
P. pyricola.

Psylia of Europe, 9:321, 322

Sciara, 5:265.

Scolytus, see Xyleborus =

Sesia, 11:264.

Tingis, of Europe, 1:311.

Typhlodromus, 10:453, 455.

Xyleborus, see X, dispar.
pyricola, Cecidomyia, see Diplosis

pyrivora.

Psylla, see Psylla pyricola.
pyricolana, Steganoptycha, 11:266.
pyrina, Zeuzera (syn. Z. aeseuli), 9:

426-27, 462; 10:485; 11:265, 275;
12:360; 14:377°, 38S.
erroneous refer-
ence of P. pyricola.
pyrivora, Diplosis, see Diplosis pyri-
vora.
noctilucus, a single
species of the genus in U. S.,
11:175; bibliography, 11:174
75; duration of life, 11:176-
77; food habits, 11:177; num-
ber of tropical species, 11:

175; reference, 12:357, 362;
14:395'; remarkable lumi-
nosity, 11:175-76.
physoderus, 11:175.
Pyrrharctia californica, see P. isa-
bella.
isabella (syn. Arctia, Estig-
mene, P. californica, Spilo-
soma), 7:225-28, 368; 9:439;
10:481, 502; 14:369, 374°,
385%.

Pyrrhia umbra (syn. Chariclea ex-
primens), 9:456; 14:313', 316°.
Pyrrhocoridae, 2:164.
Pyrrhocoris, 1:69.
calmariensis, of Europe, 2:166.

suturellus, see Dysdercus.
Pyrus japonica, see Quince, Japan-
ese.

pyrus-malus, Coccus, see Mytilaspis
pomorum.

quadrangularis, Aphrophora, s¢e
Lepyronia. :
Lepyronia (syn. Aphrophora), ~

1:285; 4:121; 5:245; 9:393.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS |

quadricornis, Ceratomia, see C.
amyntor.
quadrigibbus, _ Anthonomus, see
Tachypterus.

-Tachypterus (syn. Anthono-
mus), 1:60, 381; 4:201; 6:174;
9:419; 11:270; 14:324°.

.quadriguttatus, Ips (syn. I, fascia-

tus), 1:330; 6:188; 11:267.

quadrilineata, Psylla, 9:404, 411.
quadrimaculatum, Bembidium, 3:
98-100, 140, 146; 14:344", 353+.
quadrimaculatus, Anopheles, erron-
eus reference of A. puncti-
pennis,
Limonius, 7 :351.
Ptinus, 3:138; 4:93; 6:188.
quadrinotata, Aphrephora, 5:245; 9:
392.
quadripes, Phytoptus,

14:354°. .

quadripustulata, Winthemia (syn.

Carcelia leucaniae, Exorista mili-

taris, Nemoraea leucaniae), 1:

146; 7:376; 8:238; 12:190, 191, 194,

210, 354.

quadrivittata, Proconia, see Diedro-
ecephala coccinea.
quadrivittatus, Capsus, see Poecilo-
eapus lineatus.
Phytocoris, — see
lineatus.
Quail feeding on army worm, 12:

209.

Quaintance, A. L., cited, 11:127,

135; 13:353°; referred to, 11:131.

Quay, J., cited, 4:35.

quebecensis, Thalessa, 4:41.

querceti, Euclea, see E. cippus.

querci, Atymna (syn. Smilia), 9:

389, 410.
Empoa, see Typhlocyba.
Schizoneura, 2:181; 3:125.
Smilia, see Atymna.
Telamona, see T. monticola.
Typhlocyba (syn. Empoa), 9:
403, 410.

quercicola, Asterolecanium, 10:519.
Wollastonia, 2:53.

quercifoliae, Lachnus, 9:407, 412.

quercina, Lachnosterna, see L.

fusca.
querciperda, Cossus, see Prionoxys-
tus macmurtrei.

Quercus, see Oak.
alba, see Oak. white.
bicolor, see Oak, swamp, white.
cinerea, see Oak, blue jack.
coccinea, see Oak, scarlet. -
llicifolia, see Oak, scrub.
macrocarpa, see Oak, bur.
nigra, See Oak, scrub.

5:303, 325;

Poecilocapsus

549

Quercus obtusifolia, see Oak, post.
prinoides, see Oak, dwarf chest-
nut.
rubra, see Oak, red.
tinctoria, see Oak, black.
vaccinium, Lagoa crispata on,
4:52.
quietus, Psoeus, 1:161.
Quince, insects, etc., injurious to;
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:207,
224.
Carpocapsa pomonella, 2:11; 6:
a2 een 0 Tee
Chaulicgnathus
cus, 4:85, 87. -
Conotrachelus crataegi, 2:11; 4:
15, 208; 5:316; 6:181; 10:419-
20; 14:328°.

- Corimelaena pulicaria, 8:213.
Corythuea arcuata, 4:109.
Diabrotica vittata, 4:103.
Eriocampoides limacina

Eriocampa cerasi), 9:335.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Limonius confusus, 6:188; 7:

Sol, ably ASS is: 14-2365",
Saperda candida, 7:314.
saw fly larvae, 2:232.

pennsylvani-

(syn.

Tetranychus telarius, —5:288,
822. '
Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-

mis, 1:84; 7:306; 11:285.
Tingis cydoniae, 1:311.
Japanese, or flowering, insects in-
jurious to;

Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224,
287.

Chionaspis furfurus, 10:518;
11°2038.

Plusia brassicae, 2:91.

Quince curculio, 2:11; 4:15, 87; 5:
316; 6:181; 10:419-20, 511; 12:352;
14:328°, 393°.

Quince tree aphis, 10:512.

Quince tree borer, 8:280; 14:370%.

quinquedecimpunctata, Anatis, see
A. ocellata.

quinquelineata, Sciara, 5:265; 10:
388.

quinquelineatus, Cixius, see Oliarus.

Oliarus (syn. Cixius), 9:386,
410.
quinquemaculata, Macrosila, see

Phlegethontius celeus.

Sphinx, see Phlegethontius
celeus.
quinquenotata, Coccinella, see C.
transversoguttata.

Rabbit moth, 4:51-54; 14:3578.
Race horse, Stagmomantis
lina, 4:160.

caro-

55°

radcliffei, Acronycta, 1:328; 11:265.
radiata, Locusta, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.
Tragocephala, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.
radiatus, Gomphocerus, see Chorto-
phaga viridifasciata.
radicola, Tylenchus, 8:222.
radicum, Anthomyia (syn. Musca),
1:171, 184, 185, 186, 191-94,
196, 198; 14:335°,
Musca, see Anthomyia.

var. calopteni Riley, Antho-
myia, see Phorbia fusciceps
Zett.

Radish, insects, etc., injurious to;
Anthomyia raphani, 1:48, 194-
99; 2:28.
Anthomyians, 1:183.
Ceutorhynchus assimilis, 1:195.
Epitrix cucumeris, 1:195.
Melanoplus spretus (Syn. Calop-
tenus), 1:195.
Murgantia histrionica, _ 1:267,
20 alo. oat:
munda, 9:317.
Nysius angustatus (syn. N, des-
iruetor). 1195; 5-321.

Phorbia brassicae (syn. P.
floccosa), 1 208.
Phyllotreta vittata (Syn. Or-

chestris), 1:60, 195; 9:375.
Poecilocapus lineatus, 1:277.
thousand legged worm (Julus),

1 :307.

Radish fly, 1:48, 198, 194-99, 296,
ane; 14355.

Radish seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus
assimilis), 1:195.

Raeder, F. N., insects from, 7:383.

Rafinesque, C. S., cited, 4:128.

Ragonot, M., cited, 11:241.

Ragweed, insects feeding on;

Hydroecia nitela (syn.

tyne), 1112-83191.
Leucania unipuncta, 12:206.
Systena taeniata (syn. _ S.

blanda), 4:156, 197, 198.

great, Hydroecia nitela
Gortyna nebris) on, 1:115.
Rains, Mrs G. W., insects from, lu:
516, 519.
Raisins, Silvanus surinamensis in-
festing, 12:361.
ralla, Orthosia, 8:291; 14:315°.
Ramsden, E., insects from, 4:208.
Ramsey, C. H., insects from, 6:187,
188, 189.
Ramson, W. H., insects from, 7:382.
Ramularia tulasnei (strawberry
leaf blight), 4:185.

Gor-

(syn.

!

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

rantalis, Eurycreon, see Loxostege
similalis.
Ranunculus, see Buttercup. -
rapae, Pieris, see Pieris rapae. :
rapax, Aspidiotus, 11:271.
raphani, Anthomyia, 1:48, 171, 193,
194-99, 296, 322; 2:28; 14:335°,
Raphanus sativus, see Radish.
Raphidia cornuta, see Corydalis.
Raphitelus ?maculatus, 4:105.
Rasahus biguttatus (syn. Pirates),
AAA:
Raspberry, insects injurious to;
Agrilus ruficollis, 6:124; 10:406-
6
Anisota senatoria, 5:197.
Anomala marginata, 10:411.
Anthomyia species, 11:170, 285.
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:207,
224.
Bembecia marginata, 3:145.
Byturus unicolor, 8:298.
Ceresa bubalus, 1:315-18.
Corimelaena pulicaria, 8:213.
Figites rubus-caulis, 1:315.
Hydroecia ecataphracta (syn.
Gortyna), 10:373-76.
nitela (syn. Gortyna),
BTA.
Hyppa xylinoides, 4:188.
Jassus olitorius (syn. Coelidia
olitoria), 9:398.
Limonius auripilis, 7:351.
Lygus pratensis, 13:352%.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 9:
420.
Nysius angustatus, 5:321.
Oberea bimaculata (syn. O.
perspicillata and O. tripunc-
tata), 1:51, 297; 4:47, 1892267;
5:231-33; 7:369; 9-4: ae
1A: 2431443183
Oecanthus niveus, 1:315; 6:189.
Otiorhynchus picipes, 2:52.
suleatus, 2:52.
tenebricosus, 2:52.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Synchlora glaucaria, 8:130; 14:
ote.
Tischeria malifoliella, 11:162.
Typhlocyba vulnerator (syn.
Erythroneura), 9:402-3, —
Raspberry cane borer (Hydroecia

10:

cataphracta), 12:351; 14:314%,
3187, 392”.
Raspberry cane girdler (Oberea

bimaculata), 1:57; 4:47, 189, 207;
5:231-38; 7:369;. 9-457; 2a
171; 14:362°.

Raspberry cane maggot (Phorbia
rubivora), characteristics of at-
tack, 11:171; distribution, 11:172;

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

injuring raspberry canes, 11:170;

observed in Canada, 11:170; ob-
served in Michigan, 11:171; prob-
ably in Pennsylvania, 11:172;
reference, 11:285; 12:3857; 14:
395°; remedies, 11:172.

Raspberry geometer (Synchlora
glaucaria), 8:129-83; 10:497; 14:
382’.

Raspberry gouty gall beetle (Agri-
lus ruficollis), 6:123-25; 174; 14:
824°, 367%.

Raspberry root borer (Bembecia),
3:145. {

Raspberry rust, 4:185.

rastricornis, Chauliodes, 8:107, 156-
59.

Rat tail larvae, 1:213; 6:1738; '7:363;
8:287; 14:324', 372°.

Rathbone, A. B., insects from, 7:
382.

Rathvon, S. S.; cited, 1:81, 227; 5:
234; 6:147; '7:255, 279; on Cicada
chambers, 12:283.

Ratzeburg, J. T. C., Forstinsekten
cited, 4:108; 5:164.

Rear horse (Mantis), 4:160.

Reaumur, R. A. F., cited, 2:102;
Memoires pour servir a Vv histoire
des insectes cited, 2:102; 11:240.

reclivata, Telamona, 9:391.

rectus, Balaninus, 12:267-72; 14:
399". See also B. probosci-
deus.

Sphenophorus, see S. placidus.
Red bay, Lecanium on, 11:222.
Red bug (Dysdercus), 2:166.

Red scale, 1:60; 4:188.

Red spider, 2:31; 3:129; 4:203; 5:
287, 3821; 6:159; '7:324; 8:255; 9:
482; 14:341°.

Reddy, E. J., insects from, 5:324.

redimicula, Agrotis, see Carneades.

Carneades (syn. Agrotis), 10:

3TT.

Redroot, Chauliognathus
atus on, 4:86.

Reduviidae, 4:109; 5:316; 6:138; 8:
294,

Reduvius personatus, see Opsicoe-

tus.
pungens,
cipes.

Reed, C. M., insects from, 3:141; 9:
463.

Reed, H. B., cited, 2:57, 182; 4:63,
SO: 5:216; 22-191) 235, 287; 18:
348°.

- Reed, Shelby, insects from, 3:140.

Reed grass. Sphenophorus sculp-
tilis on, 1:259.

regalis, Citheronia, 5:324; 18:347?.

margin-

see Melanolestes pi-

55!

regelationis, Trichocera, 11:267.
Reilly, R. L., insects from, 9:468.
Reindeer warble fly, 6:111.

‘Reinecke, Ottomar, insects from,
12:315.
Reinecke, Ottomar and Zesch,
Frank, List of Coleoptera ob-

served and collected in the vicinity
of Buffalo cited, '7:285.
reinwardtii, Tabanus, 13:372'.
Reitter, Edmund, Catalogus Coleop-
terorum Huropae, Caucasi et Ar-
_ meniae Rossicae cited, 7:256; 12:
254.
relictus, Ligyrus, 4:204; 8:298; 10:
506; 12:3138; 14:341%, 3873.

religiosa, Mantis, 4:162.

Remedies and preventives for;
Abbot’s white pine worm, 1:42,
Acarina on hens, 1:45.

Agrilus ruficollis, 6:124.
Agriotes mancus, 12:356.
Agrotis ypsilon, 8:188, 190.
alder flea beetle, 4:101.
Alsophila pometaria (syn. Ani-
sopteryx), 13:365*, 370°.
American blight aphid, or
Woolly apple aphis, 2:35.
American meal worm, 9:308,
309, 442.
Anasa tristis, 8:205, 206, 278.
Angoumois moth, 2:109; 10:
485, 492.
Anisota senatoria, 5:200.
Anomala lucicola, 5:305.
marginata, 10:4138, 491.
ant, large black, 11:1138, 114,
little red, 11:114.
red, 1:62, 65; 112114,
yellow, 11:278.
Anthomyian flies, 1:65, 75.
Anthrenus, 1:64.
ants, 1:50, 62; 10:367, 368; in
houses, 11:118, 114, 281; in
lawn, 11:116; in strawberry
beds, 10:502; on trees, 10:
491; 11:280.

Aphids or plant lice, 1:49; 2:31.
Aphis gossypii (Syn. A. cucum-
eris), $:212,, 213, 283:

Minin S125.0 207.1 Qeiae 1s
363%,
prunifoliae, 8:125; 12:350.
apple bud worm, 11:121.
apple curculio, 1:60.
apple leaf Bucculatrix, 1:162;
5:262, 817; 8:219; 9:445.
apple leaf miner, 9:445; 11:162.
apple maggot, 2:123; 8:247, 248;
10:499; 12:347, 348.
apple root plant louse, 1:47.
apple scab, 10:488.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies and preventives for (cont'd)

apple tree aphis, 5:160, 302; 8:
193. 247, 285+. S272 37a Ae
32; 10:489, 490; 13:363%.

apple tree bark louse, 4:118-19,
195; 5:319; 9:373.

apple tree borer, 1 58, 64, 312:

2:20, 27; 5:163; 7:313; 10:

- 488; 12:356; 13:3667.
round headed, 5:271, 320.
apple tree case bearer, 1:166; 8:
218; 212122.
apple tree caterpillar, red
humped, 1:57; 5:309,
yellow necked, 1:57.
apple tree tent caterpillar, 1:
56; 5:304; 8:122; 9:486, 441;
UR ana a
apple twig borer, 2:131.
apple worm, 1:35, 58, 60, 63.
army worm, 1:35, 53, 58; 9:448;
12:211-14, 352, 353; 12:211-14,
353.
ash gray blister beetle, 1:32, 57;
5:305.
asparagus beetle, 1:59, 61, 245,

FAG HOAGCTA TO S2525 11:

LS#; 2TSs ke 252:
twelve spotied, 12:252.
Aspidiotus nerii, 5:317; 8&:215,
279.
Attagenus, 1:64.
autumn tent eaterpillar (fall
web worm), 1:57.
bacon beetle, 5:313; 6:121.
bag or basket worm, 1:38, 57,
87; 4:204;5:321; 6:177; 10:494.
Balaninus proboscideus, 12:
7g Me riom
rectus, 12:2 7 eral fess
bark borers, 2:55; 4:107.
bark lice, 5: 163; 8: :279.
bean weevil, 2:49, 229; 6:172,
ETO, ASD hts 2iie coor uo:
439; 11:276.
beautiful wood nymph, 1:33.
bed bugs, 1:62; 2:18; 9:458.
beech tree blight, 12:355.
bees, 13:369°.
beet leaf miner, 5:322; 9:375.
birch leaf Bucculatrix, 8:140.
bird mites, 1:62.
blaek fly, 1:74.
black rot, 9:436.
blight in asters, 9:372.
blister beetle, 4:201.
black, 6:136, 170; 9:443; 10:
496° ¥L261.->
margined, 1:33) 57? 127354.
striped, 1:33, 40; 6:132, 133,
176; 12:354.

boll or corn worm, 1:126; 7:363.

Renredies and preventives for (con td)

Boophilus bovis (syn. Ixodes),
6:158. :

box elder plant bug, 10:438,

439, 503.

broad striped flea beetle, 4:156.

bronze colered cut worm, 1:110.
brown rot, 9:369, 417.

Bruchus chinensis (syn. B.

seutellaris), 6:127.

pisorum (syn. B. pisi), 12:

Bays a

Bucculatrix canadensisella, 8:

140.
pomifoliella, 8:219.
Bud moth or worm, 7:216; 10:
A8s,
cabbage aphis, 6:148; 7%:318,
372; 9:482; 10:495.

cabbage butterfly, 1:39, 52, 59;

9:442.

- cabbage caterpillars, 1:65.

cabbage fly, 1:47, 52, 190, 192,
199; 5:157, 158, 159; 9:431.

cabbage gall weevil, 1:65.

cabbage maggot, 4:194; 6:166;
9:418; 10:484.

cabbage Plusia, 2:93; 6:184.

cabbage worm, 1:59; 2:26, 27;
9:444,

Calandra granaria, 8:278.

canker worms, 1:33, 57, 64; 2:
89, 27, 44; 3:95; 5:259; 10:
488; 11:121; 12:350; 13:3654
a LO8:

carnation mite, 11:259, 260.

carpet beetles, 1:64; 2:34, 48,
226, 314; 7:364.

carpet bug, 1:59,

carpet moth, 1:64.

carrot fiy, 1:46, 49.

cattle tick, 6:158.

celery fly, 1:49, 52.

Cermatia forceps, 4:134; 8:282.

Ceroplastes, 8:282.

cheese mite, 13:3651.

cheese skipper, 12:234, 348.

cherry or pear tree slug, 1:42,
60; 7:352; 9:336.

cherry tree aphis, -5:256; 9:345,
346, 369; 13:368%.

chestnut weevils, 12:271-72.

chinch bug, 1:58; 2:161-62, 233;
Viao2, o41: 11:199. 1Srs00-

Chionaspis furfurus, 12:348.

Chloropisca variceps (syn. C.
prolifiea), 7 :241.

chrysanthemum fly, 7:246.

Chrysobothris femorata, 12:
356.

Cicada septendecim, 2:178; 12:
289.

Climbing cut worms, 11:121.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 553

Remedies and preventives for (cont d)

Clisiocampa americana, 8:122.

clothes moth, 1:64.

clover hay caterpillar or worm,
10:487; 11:151.

clover leaf weevil, 1:253;10:488.

clover root borer, 1:58.

clover seed caterpillar, 10:496;
11:155-56.

clover seed midge, 1:54; 4:12;
5-263:

eluster fly, 9:312, 314, 489; 13:
ot.

cockroach, 1:62, 65.

cockscomb elm gall aphis, 4:
198.

codling moth, 1:35, 60; 9:341,
417, 483, 435; 10:487, 488; 11:
(74 0 ei

Coleophora malivorella, 8:218,
281.

Colorado potato beetle, 1:26, 39,
43; 9:297.

eorn curculio, 1:263.

corn worm, 1:125.

Cosmopepla carnifex, 2:147.

cotton “worm, 1:35, 58,;.125; 2:
37.

Cottonwocd leaf beetle, 10:500;
11:184, 188.

cow horn fly, 5:226, 227; 6:169;

7:332, 333; 8:194, 196; 9:442;

13 :365°.
Craponius inaequalis, 8:286,
Crioceris asparagi, 8:252; 12:
252.
12-punctata, 12:252.
eroton bug, 1:62, 65.
cucumber beetle, striped, 1:33;
228; 5:159; 6:169; 7:368; 9:
362, 363, 364, 419.
cucumber flea beetle, 1:33; 10:
489.
cucumber moth (Margaronia
nitidalis), 5:320.
eurculio, 1:45, 51, 57, 63, 65;4:
201; 9:364, 365, 415, 416.
eurrant Amphidasys, 2:101.
currant aphis, 9:370; 11:276.
currant borer, 1:57.
eurrant seale, 11:275.
currant stem girdler, 8:166.
currant worms, 1:41, 46, 56; 2:
24; 4:194; 5:156.
eut worm, 1:58, 63; 2:28, 35;
5:157, 159; 8:238-42; 12:
353; 13:366°.
black, 8:188, 190.
Dermestes, 1:74.
lardarius, 5:318; 6:121.
vulpinus, 4:89-90.
Diabrotica 12-punctata, 7:315.

Remedies and preventives for (cont'd)

Diplosis pyrivora, 8:148, 150,151.
dried Crambus, 1:151.
Dynastes tityus, 5:231.

-eight spotted Alypia or fores-

ter, 1:33; 5:183.

Elaphidion villosum (syn. BE.
parallelum), 12:354.

elm leaf beetle, 4:200-1; 5:239,
300, 301, 314; 7:363; 10: 502:
11:195, 196, 279; 12:2638, 264,
350; 13:3667.

elm tree bark louse, 12:298.

elm tree borer (Saperda). 9:
428, 429; 10:484, 499; 12:247,
248, 355.

elm tree borer (Zeuzera), 9:426-

iy a8

Epicauta cinerea, 12:354.
vittata, 6:183; 12:354.

Epilachna borealis, 7:311.

Eriocampa saw fly, 5:323.

EKuthisanotia grata (syn. Hu-
dryas), 5:183.

eye spotted bud moth, 4:14; 7:
216, 307, 360, 363; 8:218; 9:
oto; Lag

false chinch bug, 5:321.

fir saw fly, 1:42.

flea beetle, red footed, 4:103.

striped, 1:59; 5:301; 9:375.

flea beetles, 1:45, 61, 65; 4:108,
156; 9:375.

fleas, 1:62; 9:352-53. :

flies in green house, 10:489,
490; in stables, 1:45.

‘fly’ in sheep, 1:48.

forest tent caterpillar, 3:93.

four lined leaf bug, .1:279; 4:
200.

Fuller’s rose beetle, 2:144.

fungous diseases, 9:486.

Galerucella luteola (syn. G.
xanthomelaena), 8:222; 12:
263-64. ;

garden insects, 1:51.

garden slugs, 11:274.

gartered plume moth, 12:222.

Genista caterpillar, 11:145.

golden tortoise beetle, 7:376.

gooseberry worm, 2:10; 5:156.

Gossyparia ulmi, 12:298.

gouty gall beetle, 10:406.

grain aphis, 5:253; '7:360.

grain moth (Sitotroga), 9:308,
309; 10:388, 384.

grain weevils (Calandra, Sil-
vanus, etc.), 1:40; 7:365; 8:
278; 9:308, 309; 10:494.

Grape berry moth, 2:33.

grape curculio, 2:33; 8:286; 9:
_ 864, 365.

554

Grape leaf galls, 5:304.

grape Phylloxera, 2:21, 22, 36.

grape seed midge, 2:32.

grapevine flea beetle, 1:59; 7:
332, 353.

grapevine gall midge, 4:65.

grapevine leaf hopper, 4:199;
5 :302; 9:430.

grapevine thrips, 8:255-56.

grapevine Tortrix, 1:56.

grasshoppers, 2:34, 197; 10:496;
13 :366°.

green grapevine caterpillar, 5:
179.

grubs on Mermet roses, 10:498.

Gryllotalpa borealis, 6:150.

gypsy moth, 9:423, 424, 425,
432-33, 434.

Haematobia serrata, 8:19, 196;
13 :365°.

ham skipper, 12:234, 348.

harlequin cabbage bug, 1:40, 63,
269, 270; 9:316-1T, 441; 11:280.

Harrisina americana (Synt.
Procris), 2:231; 7:379.

hessian fly, 1:58, 63; 5:263; 6:
176.

hickory tussock caterpillar, 7:
355.

Homoptera lunata, 1:59.

honeysuckle saw fiy, 1:42.

hop root Gortyna, 2:35.

hop vine aphis, 6:167, 169; 8:
209, 210.

hop vine grub, 1:61; 10:373.

house flies, 1:36, 62; 13:370°.

Indian Cetonia, 1:238; 9:443.

Isosma hordei, 4:33-34; 5:315.

Janus integer (syn. J. flaviven-
tris), 8:166.

joint worm, 4:33-34; 5:315.

juniper plant bug, 10:482.

lady bugs, 5:257.

larch aphis, 1:46.

larch lappet, 1:99.

larch saw fly, 5:172; 8:169.

larder beetle, 5:3138.

Largus, margined, 2:167.

Largus succinctus, 6:183.

Lasioptera vitis, 4:65.

leaf beetle, three lined, 1:32; 2:
135; 10:491.

leaf blights, 9:436.

leaf crumpler, 11:121.

leaf hoppers, 1:45.

leaf miners, 9:376.

leaf roller, oblique banded, 7:
355; 9:374; 11:121.

leather beetle, 4:89-90, 92.

Lecanium species, 8:216, 282.

Le Conte’s saw fly, 1: 42.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies and preventivesfor(cont’d) | Remediesand preventives for (cont d)

Leptodesmus faleatus, 12:302,
303, 349. :

lesser apple leaf folder, 11:121.

Leucania unipuncta, 12:211-14, |
See eset

lice in henneries, 1:45; on cat-
tle, 1:40, 45.

light loving grapevine beetle,
10:410.

locust tree borer, 7:363.

Lygaeonematus erichsonii (syn.
Nematus), 8:169.

Lygus pratensis, 13:357*.

Macrodactylus subspinosus, 8:
201 202: :

Mamestra picta, 5:209.

manure fly, 10:393.

maple leaf cutter, 5:219.

maple leaf gall mite, 5:303.

maple tree borer, 6:169; 8:203;
9:442; 10:4938, 504; 12:242. *

maple tree pruner, 9:361.

maple tree scale insect, 5:313;
6:144; 10:499; 11:281.

Margaronia nitidalis (syn.
Phakellura), 5:320.

marguerite fly, 4:76.

May bug, 1:57.

meal worm, 9:442.

melon caterpillar, 11:1388.

melon vine aphis, 8:212, 213.

midge (black fly), 1:74.

millepedes, 11:276; 12:302, 303,
349.

mites, 5:287; 288, 293; 6368
170; infesting meat, 7:357; in
henneries, 1:45; on arbor ~
vitae, 4:201; on birds, 1:46,
62; on mushrooms, 10:450, 486.

mole cricket, 2:233; 6:150.

mosquito, 1:36, 38, 40, 74; 12:
Svan ;

Murgantia histrionica, 12:349.

museum pests, 6:175.

mushroom Phora, 10:404.

muskmelon borers, 10:508.

Mytilaspis pomorum, 8:286; 12:
348.

Myzus cerasi, 12:350; 13:368*.

Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 6:181.

oak pruner, 5:154; 9:361; 12:
354.

Oberea bimaculata, 5:233.

Odontota dorsalis, 12:266.

oleander scale insect, 8:215.

onion fly or maggot, 1:46, 52,
177-79; 5-157, 159, 319; 20:
486.

ox warble fly, 4:199.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 555

Remedies and preventives for (cont'd)

)

‘Phiegethontius

Oxyptilus periscelidactylus, 12:
222%

Paleacrita vernata (syn. Ani-
sopteryx), 5:259; 12:350; 13:
3657, 360".

parasites on hogs, 1:45; on
horses, 1:45.

Parlatoria scale insect, 8:215,
ZT aaa

pea weevil, 1:49; 5:300; 6:129;
9:489; 12:355; 138:364°.

peach bark Scolytus, 9:365.

peach root aphis, 2:21; 5:315.

peach tree borer, 1:47, 58, 59,
64, 2:5-6, 24; 5:163; 6:170; 7:
361, 374; 8:111, 181-86, 284.

peach twig moth, 1:156.

pear blight beetle, 1:203; 4:203;
5:318.

pear leaf blister mite, 7:365;
9:442; 10:458, 459, 501.

pear midge, 8:1438, 150-51; 11:119.

pear tree aphis, 9:369.

pear tree blight, 10:488.

pear tree borer, 9:366.

pear tree Psylla, 8:220; 9:329,
430, 441.

pear tree slug, see Cherry tree
slug.

periodical Cicada, 12:289.

celeus (syn.
Sphinx quinquemaculata), 8
248-44.

Phorodon humuli,
210.

Phylloxera, 1 47, 50.

Phytomyza chrysanthemi (fags
lateralis in error), 4:76.

Phytoptus pruni, 12:350.

pickle caterpillar, 11:133.

8:208, 209,

* picked fruit fly, 1:65.

pine bark Chermes, 2:186.

Piophila casei, 12:234, 348.

Plagionotus speciosus (syn.
Glycobius), 8:202-5; 12:242.

plant lice, 1:25, 40, 59, 61; 2-32;
7:345; 9:418; 10:484, 489, 501;
13 :368%, 3687.

plum curculio, 7:289, 290, 346;
9:417, 483, 4384; -11:122.

plum leaf fungus, 9:417.

plum tree aphis, 8:125; 9:369;
11:276.

aera tree scale insect, 11:205,
76,

Plusia brassicae, 6:184.

Pollenia rudis, 13:370%.

potato bug, 13:364'.

potato scab, 9:486; 10:447.

powdery mildew, 9:436.

Psocidae, 1:65; 2:36.

Remedies and preventives for (cont'd)

Psylla pyricola, 8:220.

Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:144,

punctured clover leaf weevil, 2:
16.

quince curculio, 2:12; 4:15.

quince tree blight, 10:488.>

quince tree borer, 8:280.

radish fly or maggot, 1:48, 198,
199: 5:157, 159.

raspberry cane girdler, 1:57; 5:
233; 9:457.

raspberry cane maggot, 11:172.

raspberry gouty gall beetle, 6:
124.

raspberry slug, 1:42.

red scale of California, 1:60.

red spider, 5:322; 9:482.

Rocky mountain locust, 1:50; 7:
338, 309.

root insects, 2:35.

rose apis, 5:162.

rose bug, 1:45, 57, 281, 232; 2:
66, 225; 4:198; 5: 320; 6:166;
8:201, 202, 282; 9-418, 420;
10:501; 12:351.

rose leaf caterpillar, 1:57.

rose leaf hopper, 2:31; 6:166;
7:345; 12:356.

rose leaf roller, 9:418.

rose leaf Thrips, 8:257.

rose leaf tyer, 5:215.

rose slug, 1:42; '7:344; 10:499.

rose twig borer, 1:57.

round headed apple tree borer,
5 :270.

San José scale, 11:208, 210,
228-30; 13:332°.

Sanninoidea exitiosa (syn.
Sannina), 8:182-86.

Saperda candida, 12:356.
, tridentata, 12:247, 248, 355.

saw flies, 1:38, 42; 2:5.

scale insects, 1:48, 49, 50; 2:
6432" SiGe 2a0 eons Oo, - 200:
299, 317; 8:215, 216; 9:447,
454,

Sehizoneura imbricator, 12:355.

lanigera, 13:367°.

Schizura concinna (syn. Oede-
masia), 5:309.

seolytid bark borers, 7:352.

Seolytus attack, 4:107.

screw worm, 1:62.

scurfy bark louse, 9:441.

seed corn fiy, 1:201.

seventeen year Cicada, 2:178.

sheep ticks, 1:49, 62.

ship timber borer, 4:195.

slugs and snails, 7:366.

snapping beetle or bugs, 7:351;
12:354.

556

Remedies and preventives for (cont'd)

sour gum tree case cutter, 11:
159.

spotted horn bug, 5:231.

spring canker worm, 1:33, 61;
5:303, 318.

Squash bug, 1:63; 2:29; 6:169;
8:205, 206, 278; 10:494, 504;
11 :282.

Squash vine borer, 1:47; 2:58;
5:155, 313.

stalk borer, 1:115.

strawberry root grub, 9:448.

strawberry slug, 9:431.

strawberry weevil, 9:481; 10:
495.

strawberry worm, 1:42.

sugar maple borer, 11:280; 12:

te QA.

tarnished plant bug, 9:375; 138:
aDT*.

tent caterpillars, 9:432, 444.

Tenthredo rufopectus, 13:3378.

Tettigonia rosae, 8:257. .

thousand legged worms, 5:507;
9:372; 10:448, 449, 487, 489.

thrips (leaf hoppers), 2:29,20, 8.

Thrips (probably T. tabaci), 9:
444,

ticks on sheep, 1:49, 62.

Tinea, 1:64.

Tmetocera ocellana, 8:218.

tobacco worm, 1:56; 8:2438, 244.

tortoise beetles, 1:33, 57.

tree hopper, two marked or
spotted, 1:288; 4:203; 10:493.

Tribolium ferrugineum, 2:187.

Trypeta pomonella, 8:247, 248;
12:347, 348.

turnip flea bettle, 9:375.

turnip fly, 1:52.

tussock moth, white marked, 1:
33, 61, 64; 2:83, 86; 6:181; 11:
IPAs

Typhlocyba comes (syn. Ery-

throneura vitifex), 8:287.
rosae, 12:356.

Tyroglyphus species, 13:3651.

vagabond Crambus, 1:53, 131,
148, 149.

vermin on domestic animals,
1:48, 49, 62; 11:275.

violet Nephelodes, 1:110.

walnut span worm, 10:494.

warble fly, 6:114, 115.

wasps, 13:369°.

weevil in grain, 9:444; 10:492.

wheat head army worm, 10:
492. ‘

wheat stem maggot, 1:227.

white Eugonia, 11:121.’

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies and preventives for (cont'd)
white grub, 1:54, 61; 2:35, 224;
21135; 57159; 316, 47> G14
£ 183; -9:353-54; © -10:500-7fs-
366+.
wire worms, 1:46, 633 2:35*-5=
810; 8:197-200, 282, 283; 11:
216; 12:347,-352. S505 1ocoGns
woolly aphis, 5:160. : ;
woolly plant lice, 1:43; 10:494.
Xyleborus dispar (syn. pyri),
4 :203.
zebra caterpillar, 10:492.
Remedies and preventives for in-
sect depredations;
acetate of copper, 9:420.
acid and lime wash, 9:365, 365.
air circulating beneath hay
stacks, 11:151.
air slacked lime, 4:198; 11:181;
12::252."300,4352e eae
alkaline washes or solutions,
6:146; 7:3-4.
alum water, 1:59; for repelling
roaches, 1:65.
ammonia, soapsuds andslacked
lime for millepeds, 12:300.
ammoniacal liquid, 1:59; 4:194;
5:158.
animal secretions, 1:75.
arsenate of lead, 12:252.
arsenites, spraying with, 11:
195, 279; 122138;52 72a
263, -266; 13-3702
ashes, 1:177; 4:156, 198; 5:301;
6:182; 10:494.
ashes and saltpeter, 2:28.
ashes and sulfur, 5:315.
attracting to lamps and fires,
1:58, 148; 4:190.
autumn plowing, 5:318.
avoiding infested manure, “11:
276.
azotie gas, 2:110.
Babbitt’s continental washing
powder, 9:434.
- bagging, 2:49, 229; 6:121, 179,
185.
baiting or attracting to various
substances, 1:58, 64, 63; 6:
121, 151, 183; '7:363; 8:2433 9:
364; 10:449; 11:114, 276, 281;
12:302, 349; 13:369°, ~
balloon hopperdozer collecting,
Too.
bands of chalk, cloth, ink, tar,
tin, ete., on trees, 2:8, 9, 27;
3:95; 7:241; 9:424, 425; 10:
367; 12:218, 356; 13:364*, 365°,
barium, sulfo-carbonate of,
2:22.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 57

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)
barking trees, 2:55; 4:195; (12:
247, 248.
barn yard manure, 4:194.

barricades against migration,

1:58.
beans for cucumber beetle, 5:
159; 10:414.
beating from foliage, 2:18, 178;
225; 4:190, 199; 5:281.
beating into kerosene, or kero-
sene water, 1:269; 6:186, 170,
176, 198, 200; 8:201.
benzine, Q: elie
for Atropos divinatoria, 2:
199.
carpet beetles, 1:59; 2:47,
296. 252" bala; 7:364; 9:
304, 305.
leather beetle, 4:89.
mites, 6:161.
birds, protection of, 1:61.
value of, 2:7, 8, 189, 224.
bisulfid of carbon for;
American meal worm, 9:
308, 442.
Angoumois moth, 10:383-84,
485.
ants, 10:502; 11:113,- 114,
116, 273, 282.
aphis, woolly, 13:367?.
bean or pea weevil, 5:300;
Saliee. 1 210-11, “aor; 9:
439- 11:276; 12:355; 13:
3648.
cabbage fly, 5:266.
chestnut weevils, 12:272.
grain moth, 10:383-84, 485.
leather beetle, 4:90.
mites, 6:170; 10:450.
peach root aphis, 2:21-22;
Sol).
root insects, 2:34-35.
rose bug, 2:65.
squash borer, 2:64; 5:313.
striped cucumber beetle, 9:
363.
weevils in grain, 7:365; 8:
278; 9:448, 494; 13:364°;
wire worms, 13:367°.
Zeuzera pyrina, 9:427. —
black walnut tree for cucumber
beetle, 10:418, 414.
blue vitriol water, 1:59.
boiling pEreN for millepeds, 12:
300.
bone dust, 9. 363.
borax or borax and sugar, 1:
65; 11:114.
bordeaux mixture, 9:420; 10:
459; 11:278.
bottle trap, 2:33.

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)
boxing for elm leaf beetle, 2:
228%. Ooi,
bran and arsenic mash, 2:197.
breaking up- hibernating quar-
ters or breeding grounds,
Y Gr Y- o bP-4 O0 e ire 3 09
brimstone burned, 6:161.
brine, 1:190; 2:200; 5:156.
brine lime wash, 7:332.
brushing bark with stiff brush,
2:187, 230, 232; 12:298.
Buchan’s earbolic soap, 11:
2D:
buckwheat crop, 5:310, 317; 8:
197, 283; 12:347.
“ bug-catcher,”’ 11:188.
burdock decoction or infusion,
4,:194; 5:158; 9:362, 484, 486.
burning, 5:304, 322; 8:210.
for apple leaf Bucculatrix,
Hoe.
bag worm, 4:204.
bark borers, 2:55; 7:361.
chinch bug, 13:369*.
eurrant stem girdler, 8:166.
flower cricket, 5:310.
Fuller’s rose beetle, 4:193.
gall insects, 5:308.
gypsy moth, 9:423, 424,
larch saw fly, 7:367.
locust tree borer, 7:363.
maple tree pruner, 9:361.
oak pruner, 5:154; 12:354.
peach root aphis, 2:21; 4:
118, 195.
pear blight beetle, 5:318.
plant bug, tarnished, 13:
357°,
raspberry gouty gall beetle,
6:124.

scale insects, 2:230; 4:118;
6:144; 11:275.

tent caterpillar, 9:444.

Tischeria apple leaf miner,
9:445.

two marked tree hopper,
4.:208.

burning garden refuse, 1:58,

269, 270, 279; 2:167; 3:
107; 4:200; 7353, 365; 8:
2138; 9:316, 441; 11:162;
13 :357°. :

grass to destroy chinch
bug, 2:161, 168, 223; 11:
199; 138:369*; to destroy
vagabond Crambus, 1:
148.

infested plants or wood, 4:
77, 107, 190; 12:242, 247.

straw to destroy canker
worm, %:9, 225; 5:314;

558 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies and preventives for insect
depredations (cont'd)
burning straw to destroy joint
worm, 4:33; 5:315; for striped
blister beetle, 6:133.
stubble, 1:58, 253; 7:339.
vines for stalk borer, 2:226.
burying in sand and covering
with cloth, 12:323.
camphor, 1:64, 74; 2:35; 5:3800;
9:305.
canker worm trap, 1:64.
capture in insect nests, 2:93.
carbolated lime, 9:420.
earbolic acid, 1:65; 2:25, 26, 65,
665 232): 7 22a 4:191; 9s
418.
for bark borers, 9:428.
carpet beetle, 5:314; '7:357.
cheese mite, 13:3657.
cucumber beetle, 9:368.
maple tree scale insect, 6:
146.
mites in meat, 3:131; 5:293.
quince tree borer, 8:280.
scale insects, 6:146; 8:216;
9:441.
carbolic acid with oils, 9:442.
earbolic acid and paris green
wash, 8:184; 10:484; 12:247.
carbolie acid and soap wash, 1:
59; 4::107, “119, - 195; 11-280,
281.
earbolic wash, 2:25, 27; 4:107;
8:183, 280.
Bateham’s, 6:154.
carbolized paper or plaster, 2:
232; 7:346.

carbonate of copper solution, 9:

417.
earbonate of lime, 9:420.
carbonic acid gas, 2:110.
eastile soap, 9:444.
caustic potash, 9:444.
cayenne pepper, 2:34.
cedar shavings for woolens, 1:

64.

cessation from planting, 6:172,
185.-

chalk line for red ants, 1:65;
11:114, 281.

chickens for flea beetles, 1:61;
Hes.

children collecting, 8:248.

chloroform, 6:129; 12:355.

cleanliness, 12:234; 13:365'.

coal ashes, 7:344.

coal oil, 8:241, 279.

coal oil refuse, 2:27.

coal soot, 9:363.

coal tar, 2:65, 66, 67, 68; 4:191;
51s oO: ee e0u. foe

coal tar distillates, 1:75.

Cocculus indicus berries, 9:352.,

}

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)

cold water, 7:285, 344, 360.

collecting and destroying eggs,
8:122, 283; 9:487, 441, 444;
11:188.

compacting or stirring soil, 12:
348.

concentrated lye, 6:144.

copper compounds, 9:463.

copper solution, 9:369.

copperas, 8:200.

copperas water, 1:59; 2:67; 8:
239.

corn meal, 9:444,

corn or bran mash, 12:354.

corrosive sublimate, 2:17; for
bed bugs, 1:62.

cotton bands on tree trunks, 1:-
64; 2:86. ;

counterodorants, 2:228; 5:3518,
319, 322,

cow dung, 4:194; 5:159.

creosote, 2:35; 4:195; 5:314; 9:
434.

cresylic acid, 2:35.

eresylic ointment for screw
worm, 1:62.

erushing, 5:206; 12:355.

crushing eggs, 5:320; 8:216,
278; 9:316, 441; 12:349.

crushing larvae, 1:57; 2:231; 3:
93; 5:209, > 215, 807, -308= S27
363, 364, 379; 10:488; 12:222,
B02, oda.

cureculio catcher, 7:294.

cutting off infested twigs, 1:57.

cutting out larvae, 1:58; 2:5,
58, 62, 64; 3:105; 6:151, 169,
171; 7:368; 8:182; 12:242; 138:
3667.

“ eyanide of potassium, 2:34; 5:

314; 9:352.

decoy trees and destroying
fruit, 12:348.

deep plowing, 1:58.

dendrolene for borers, 12:356.

destroying caterpillar nests, 5:
304.

destroying eggs, 2:85; 5:304; 6:
169, 181; 8:266; 10:444; 11:
133, 282; 12:234.

destroying grain moth in
granaries, 10:384.

destroying hibernating insects,
9:441: 12-211.

destroying infested fruit, 1:58;
2:12: 10:499; 12:271, 348; in-
fested tips, 11:172; 13:377°.

destroying larvae, 10:373; 11:
A335.

destroying pupae, 10:378, 499;
12:34

.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS _ 559

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)

destroying the English sparrow,
$61 572283:

destroying web nests, 1:57.

digging out, 5:156, 271, 312, 318,
319, 320.

digging up cut worms, 1:58; 8:

240; 12:358.

ditching for migrating insects,
1-58: 1412-213, 352,353; 13-369".

dragging the rope, 12:214.

driving from food plants, 6:132.

driving on tarred paper, 5:302.

drowning, 6:150.

duclts, 2:34; 11:274.

dusting with plaster of paris,
6:132; 7:289; 12:212, 353.

early cutting and stacking, 11:
155.

early threshing for grain moth,
10:384, ©

employing fowls, 11:181.

encouraging natural enemies,
5 bode

exposing roots of hops — hop
grub, 10:378.

fallowing. 8:200.

feeding by sheep, 4:12.

feeding stock, 5:219.

fencing out insects, 9:368.

fish brine for scale insects, 1:60.

fish manure, 1:75.

fish oil, 1:301; 5:226; 6:16T.

fish oil soap, 8:213; 10:495.

flour of sulfur, 6:161.

fowls for garden insects, 1:61;
6:179; 8:252; 138:366%.

frames with netting cover, 2:64.

fumigation with charcoal gas,
2:109; with sulfur, 2:18, 227;

9:314; 12:234, 303; 13:365';

with tobacco, 8:255.

fungus, 5:273.

furrows plowed forarmy worm,
£25213,-002.

gas lime, 1:149, 177; 2:21, 63,
162 , 163, 229, 233; 3:114, 134;
4:194; 5:158, 160, 2538, 318,
319; 8:197, 239; 10:448.

gas tar, 5:163, 299, 314; 8:205.

gas tarred paper, 4:199; be-
neath carpets, 1:64,

gas water, 2:35.

gasoline, 2:35, 200; 9:352; —
280.

gauze covered frames, 9:363.

gold dust soap powder, 9:482.

grafting trees to resistant
varieties, 8:247.

_ grape bagging, 2;32-38,

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (contd)

ground bone dust, 7:368.

ground pepper for woolens, 1 64.

growth of immune crops, 8:200.

guano, 5:158, 318.

gypsum, 9 363.

gypsum and kerosene, 2 29,

hand picking, 2:16, 98, 101, 135,
144, 147, 178; 5:179, 183, 209,
233, 300, 321; 6:1383, 177, 184;
7:246, 311, 379; 8:252; 9:316;
11:188, 281.

hand picking eggs and larvae,
1:56; 2:98; 3:111; 4:59, 65, 76,
190, 198, 194.

heat, 2:109, 137, 144; 4:90; 7:
275.

heavy gloves for mosquitoes,
12:328.

heavy oil, 5:300.

heavy rains, 7:332.

hellebore, 2:35; 4:191, 194; 5:
323; 6:166; 7:352; 8:274;. 9:
316, 336, 372, 431, 440; 10:
484; 11:145; 12:302, 303, 311,
349; 13:3687.

hellebore solution, 4:194; 5:159.

high culture, 1:63, 66.

hop wash, 3:122; 8:209.

hopperdozer collecting, '7:338;
10:444.

hops, spent, for cabbage protec-
tion, 1:65.

hot water, 1:59, 179, 198, 269,
288, 307, 317; 2:6, 21, 93, 199,
Daan Oulisancole Jol, ola. GF
172, 177, 184, 185; '7:241, 374;
9:316, 371-72, 441; 10:489; 12:
264, 300, 350; 13:3667, 3677.

housing corn in shuck, 10:384.

hunting larvae with lantern, 1:
58

hydrocyanic acid gas, 6:104; 9:
352; 11:208, 230, 231,

ice water, 4:191.

inclosing in netting, 12:289.

infested fruit destroyed, 8:248.

infested shoots burned, 9:345.

infusion of tobacco, 8:257.

insect lime in bands on trees,
1 :367.

insectivorous' bDirds, 9:349-51,
356, 357.

jarring; “L623; “2A2>..85. 101.
228; 7:289, 294; 8:125; 9:365;
11:188; 13:357°.

jarring on sheets, 4:201; 6:166;
10:410, 418, 482; 12:266, 272,
Die

kainit, 11:116, 260, 278; 12:347,
852, 356,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)
kerosene,
tion of, 4:190, 191; 8:274;
burning as sprayed, 9:
425; soaking seed in, 8:
200; wetted sheet with,
LDS:
for army worm, 12:214.
bark borers, 7:352; 9:366.
bean weevil, 7:276.
blister beetles, 11:281.
carpet beetles, 2:47.
elm leaf beetle, 11:279, 350.
harlequin cabbage bug, 11:
280.

leather eating beetles, 4:92,-

198; 9:304.
millepedes, 12:302, 349.
mites, 2:227; 6:161.
pea weevil, 5:300.
root insects, 2:34-35.
seale insects, 2:32;

S215! 206.
squash vine borer, 2:63.

‘“* warbles,” 6:115.
kerosene and gypsum, for
squash bug, 2:29.
kerosene and lard, 6:158.
kerosene and sand, 2:16, 232.
kerosene and soap suds, 1:162.
kerosene and water,
4200; 557320; hOASOMASB LUC:
de See
kerosene emulsion, formulas

for, 2:36-37, 38;.4:191; 5:

279; 6:144-45; 8:190, 209..
for Anomala marginata,

10:418.
ants, 21 12114. 146 2273:
aphids, | 2:24 487: 5:161,

256; 6:148; 167, 169; ‘7:

S183. (G:200.0 212 Baal 7 19:

369, 481-82; 10:428, 484;

LigkiG P2hoe 13363, OT,

368". ;
bugs; 21475) 5:B21"199-316:

10:439.

6:144;

cabbage aphis, 10:495.

cabbage maggot, 10:484.

cattle tick, 6:158.

cheese skipper, 12:234.

chinch bug, 2:238; 13:369+.

cow horn fly, 9:442; 13:365°%

cut worms, 8:190.

elm leaf beetle, 11:196; 12:
264.

leaf miners, 9:375.

leaf hoppers, 5:302; 6:166;
8:287; 9:430.

lepidopterous larvae, 2:101:
5:262,. SLs 7g 1et4o: 7-12:
214,

£1:114;° 13:332°%5 ac--

2147+

' Remedies and preventives for insect

_ kerosene emulsion for

depredations (cont'd)

mille-
pedes, 12:302, 349.

mites, 10:459; 12:350; 18:
3657.

pear midge, 8:151.

pear Psylla, 8:220; 9:329.

‘red spider,” 5:288; 322:

rose bug, 8:201; 9:420.

scale insects, 2:22, 230, 232;
4:118,, 195; 5279;,° Sis:
319; 6:144; 8:215, 280; 9:
378, 441; 11:205, 208, 275,
281; 12:298, 348; 13:368°.

striped cucumber beetle, 9:
362. ;

striped flea beetle, 5:301.

two spotted tree hopper, —

10:493.
white grubs, 9:353-54, 448;
10:500; 13:366*, 369°.
wire worms, 13:367°.
wood borers, 12:247, 355.
killing before egg laying time,
4:200
killing the larvae, 8:205.
lady bird colonization, 1:61.
late fall plowing, 8:239.
late planting, 5:300.
late sowing for certain insects,
I Ga°-GEet.
light in pan containing kero-
sene and water, 10:393.
lighted candle for fleas, 1:62.
lime, 2:10; 5:157, 158, 160, 163,
227, 229, 301, S05; 624
179; "7 3333, oa2peen ae
336, 416, 418, 420, 434,
A35, 441: 11188 23ie. 2eee
12:212, 352, 354; 132500)
air slaked, 1:59, 148; 6:167;
7 289: 8 7252, 2535510,
484, 487; 11:116.
lime, salt and sulfur wash,
11:208.
lime wash, 5:163; 7:289, 332; 8:
ZOL»? =
lime water, 1:59; 5:307; 7:366;
11:274, 276; 12:347.
linen sheets, for woolens, 1:64.
linseed oil, 1:162; 4:119, 195.
Little’s chemical fluid, 11:275. -
local extermination for grain
moth, 10:384.
london purple, 1:34, 166; 2:44,
65, 86, 123, 136, 228220. ae
4:14, 191, 199, 201; 5:162, 200,
219; 240, 301, 304, Si. oa
322; '7:339; 8:140, 180; 2202
274, 280, 286; 9:297, 372, 414-
15, 416, 417, 420, 485; 11:133,
138, 188.

wis the

~ Se

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

depredations (cont'd)
lures for concentrating attack,
4:199.

lye solutions, 2:35; 5:163, 299, |

820.

McDougall sheep dip, 6:114.

manures, 1:178; 9:363; 11:156.

maple syrup and london purple,
11:114.

mechanical coatings, 9:363.

mercurial ointment, 4:199; 6:
sissy

molasses and london purple for
ants, 1:62.

molasses and red lead for
roaches, 1:62.

molasses and vinegar, 4:76.

mounding around trees, 1:64; 2:
6; 7:374; 8:185.

mulching of tobacco stems, 11:
276.

muriate of potash, 9:418.

muslin or netting covering, 9:
302; £2:523.

mustard crop, 5:310, 317; 8:198.

mustard water, 1:60; 12:347.

naptha, 2:35.

napthaline, 1:65; 2:35, 65, 66;
6:169; 11:114.

netting, 1:232;
13 :369°.

new crops remote from old, 11:
156.

night collections, 8:190.

night soil, 4:194; 5:159; 10:484.

nitrate of potash, 5:157.

nitrate of soda, 7:366; 9:372,
418, 441.

offensive odors, 9:363.

oil application, 1:190; 7:333.

oil of tar, 2:35; 6:114; 12:323.

oil of turpentine, 6:150.

painting body as a protection
from mosquitoes, 12:328.

paper bags, 1:64; 2:32, 33; 8:286.

paper cylinders, etc., 1:64; 8:241.

paraffin oil, 1:46, 179.

parasitized insects, distribution
OL, E61.

paris green, 1:25-34, 166; 2:3, 9,
TGi woo, 125.435) 136, 5146,
Deseo, 221, [229,229 3:95;
24103, 191, 199, 2013 '5:155,
GAs 22, SOL, 305, 317s 319,
eau, S20 6:32; 8:140, 218,

2:58, 64; 5:313;

241, 244, 248, 274, 280; 9:297,

336, 341, 343, 345, 372, 374,

415-16, 417, 423, 428, 432-33, |
434, 443; 10:413, 488; 11:119, |
133, 138, 145, 184, 188; 12:213,

214, 252, 263, 311, 350, 353.

SOI

x.

Remedies and preventives for insect | Remedies and preveutives for insect

depredations (cont'd)

paris green and flour, 7:351.

paris green and plaster, 18:
364’, 3654, 3667.

pasturing fields im autumn, 11:
156.

paving or flagging under trees,
7 :290.

pennyroyal for red ants, 1:65.

perechiorid of mercury, 2:187.

peroxid of silicates, 9:363.

persian insect powder, 9:352;
133702

petroleum, 2:35.

phosphates, 9:418.

picking infested fruit or leaves,
8:148, 150; 10:459; 12:350.

pig manure or sty drainage, 1:
1Ds OaOW:

pigs rooting, or eating infested
fruit, 6:176, 183; '7:290.

planting beans with cucum-
bers, 9:363.

planting fruit trees over water,
7 :290.

plants for decoys, 2:64.

plaster and paris green, 12:213.

plaster, land, 1:231, 148; 5:301,
305;*'7:346, 333; -12:352, 3538,
354.

plowing, 1:149; 2:63, 161, 168,
225, 233; 4:34; 5:156, 206, 312;
6:176, 183; 7:3839; 10:444, 488;
12:352, 356.

poison in blossoms visited, 8:248.

poisoned baits, 5:206; 8:21; 12:
302, 347, 358, 354, 356; 18:
366°, 366°.

poisoned strips, 12:213, 353.

poisoning first brood on leaves,
11:188. E

poisonous coatings, 9:363.

potash or potash salts, 5:168,
299; 9:418; 10:448.

potash wash, 11:230.

potassium, sulfo-carbonate of,
2:22.

poultry feeding, 2:33, 34; 4:203.

powdered charcoal, 1:177.

preserving underbrush for
shade, 12:242.

preventing egg deposit, 8:208.

printers’ ink, 1:64; 5:259.

probing burrows for grubs, 1:
58; 5:320; 10:488.

propagation of contagious dis-
eases, 7:341.

proper cultivation, 12:211.

pruning and burning infested
canes, 10:406.

pupae destroyed, 8:248.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)

pyrethrum, 2:26, 35, 93, 201,
22724561, 101) 1347-168) 191;
5:209, 301, 321; -6:136,> 148,
161; 170,°184; —'7:236, 290; 8:
212, 218, 274, 282; 9:312, 314,
3863, 371, 418, 420, 441, - 442;
10:404, 496; 11:114, 151; 12:
302, 315, 349, 356.

pyrethrum water, 4:201; 5:
3805; 6:167; 7:315, 344, 360;
10:393, 404; 11:247; 12:347.

pyroligneous acid, 2:35.

quassia infusion, 1:59, 322; 9:
420; 12:347.

quassia water and soap, 4:198,
199; 5:288, 307.

rancid fish oil for mosquitoes,
12:323:

raupenleim, insect lime, 9:425.

rearing parasites, 10:3871.

red pepper, 2:17.

reindeer cream for mosquitoes,
12:323.

removal of infested plants, 11:

52259.

removal of outer bark of trees,
9:428-29; 10:484.

removal of seed stems, 11:181.

repellant washes, 4:203.

resin wash, 11:208.

resistant varieties, 6:176.

rhigolene, 2:35.

road dust, 1:60, 148; 2:27; 4:
156, 198, 199; 5:305, 320; 6:
166; 8:212; 9:336.

rolling the ground, 1:148; 2:161,
2383; 5:206, 264, 312.

roofing paper, gas tarred, 2:25,
48, 226, 232.

rotation of crops, 1:63; 2:63; 5:
315, 319.

russia leather scraps, for
woolens, 1:64. :

sacks as a protection from mos-
quitoes, 12:323.

Salt, 2:224; 5:256, 315, 317; 8:
200, 239, 282; 10:448; 11:151,
274; 12:351, 352.

saltpeter, 2:28, 65; 5:157, 315;
9:363.

sand, 4:156.

sassafras bark, to repel red
ants, 1:65.

Saunders wash for borers, 12:
356.

scraping the bark, 1:162; 2:230;
4:119, 195; 5:309; 11:278.

Selection of land not sur-
rounded by favorable breed-
ing places, 13:357+.

selection of seed, 1:63.

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)

setting out no young trees just
before advent of Cicadas, 12:
289.

shaker peach tree borer wash,
8:185.

shaking from foliage, 5:172,
183, 262, 314, 317, 320, 321.

shaking into vessels of kero-
sene and water, 11:281.

sheep in orchards, 1:60; 2:128.

sheep dips, 1:62; 5:226.

sheep wash for ticks, 1:62.

shell lime, 4:194; 5:158.

shelter for nocturnal feeders,
1:63.

skunk, protection of, for hop
grub, 1:61; 10:373.

sludge oil soap, 8:201; 9:410,
418.

slug shot, 9:363.

smoke for mosquitoes, 12:323.

snuff water or snuff, 2:35; 5:
301.

soaking in kerosene, 8:200.

soap, 1:59, 304, 319; 13:367'.

soap and carbolic acid wash,
5:301; 6:169; 7:363; 8:280;10:
493; 12:242.

soap and sulfur, 5:288, 322.

soap suds, 1:162, 179, 194, 301,
802; 2:63, 199; 4:119, 198, 199;
6:144, 148; 5:161, 256, 275,
287, 302; 7-372: S216) 95s,
369, 370, 441; 10:428; 11:277,
279.

soap wash, 4:119; 5:160, 270,
279, 317, 320.

soft soap, 1:64; 5:163, 270; 8:
186, 190, 217, 281, 285, 286.

soft scap, carbolic acid and
paris green for borers, 12:

. 358; 355, 356:

soft soap and soda, 13:3667.

soluble phenyle, 2:21, 65; 5:226,
315; 6:169.

soot, 1:60, 178; 2:35; 4:194; 5:
159, 258, 301, 307; 10:484; 11:
276; 12:302, 349.

spices, for woolens, 1:64.

spirits of turpentine, 1:65; 4:19.

spreading infested manure, 8:
194.

starvation, 5:310, 316; 8:197,
200, 242.

steam for millepeds, 12:300.

storing in darkness, 12:348.

stream of cold water, 12:356.

strong odors, 7:289.

sublimating sulfur, 10:450.

submergence, 4:195.

sulfate of copper, 8:151; 9:484.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 563

Remedies and preventives for insect

depredations (cont'd)

sulfo-carbonates of potassium,
2:22.

sulfo-cyanid of potassium, 2:35.

sulfur, 2:18, 32, 227; 5:301;.6:
114; 7:365; 9:352, 442; 10:450,
458, 486; plugging trees with,
10:495.

sulfur, lard and kerosene for
poultry, 1:62.

sulfur fumes, 4:201.

sulfur sifter for bird mites, 1:62.

sulfur soap and water, 10:458.

sulfuret of lime and soft Soap
in water, 10:458.

sulfuric acid water, 1:59.

sulfurous acid, 2:35.

summer washes, 11:230.

sweetened sponge for ants, 1:
62.

sweetened water in bottles, 7:
289. .

swine, for white grubs, etc., 1:
61; 2:224, 225,

tallow, 6:175.

tallow and carbolie acid, 5:226,
13 :365°.

tansy decoction, 1:65; 2:225; 4:
194; 5:159; 6:169; 10:484.

tar, 9:442, 444; for mosquitoes,
“P2320:

tar, coal, and lard, 13:365°.

tar, pine, and grease, 13:365°.

tar coating seed, 8:200.

ttewaver, 1:65; -2:35,..65,. 66;
301; 6:169; '7:290.

tarred bands around trees, etc.,
1:64; 2:224; 3:95; 5:259, 313,
318.

tarred boards,

tarred paper, 4:199;

2 213.
9:481; 10:

484

tarring the grounds for mi-
grants, 1:58.

tartar emetic and sugar, 11:
114,

thick, close coverings, 12:234.

toads in garden, domestication
of, 1:61;-5:301.

tobacco, 4:191, 199; 5:160, 161;
Beaton aie, Bt, Jol, 2, es,
281, 285; 9:345, 369, 370, 371,
312, 418, 419, 420, 441, 442;
10:484.

tobacco dust, 1:65, 190; 4:194;
10:495; 13:363', 365°, 3677.

tobacco smoke, 1:60, 319, 320.

tobacco water, 1:59, 190, 198,
302, 309; 2:29, 31, 385; 3:120;

4:108; 5:256, 301, 302, 303; 6:

148, 166, 167; 7:344, 372; 10:
428, 484; 11:279; 12:347, 350,
356; 13:367°7, 368*, 368°, 3687.
trapping, 1:62; 2:144; 3:111; 6:
169; 7:366; 8:206, 242, 278; 9:
316, 441; 10:448; 11:276, 282;
12:302; 13:370°%.
tree beating and jarring, 1:57.
trees felled for decoy, 2:55.
trenching, me 13 :369%.
turpentine, 9:352, 3638; 10:494.
tympans, printers’, 2:226.
varnishing body as a protection
from mosquitoes, 12:323.
veils and nets for mosquito¢s,

12:323.

vinegar and molasses trap, 2:
33.

wash for preserving Se
1:65.

washing with whey or ges 12:
234.

watching for indications, 12:
ALN

whale oil and carbolic acid, 8:
194.

whale oil soap, 1:59, 65; 2:32,
31,0184, 230; °4:5108 5168-313:
6:114, 144, 166; 7:290, 318; 8:
215, 279; 9:370, 440; 10:494;
Ae 2), 229.214 21a 262 tie
Zod Sede 298-2 Soar ts:
363*, 368*, 368°.

wheat bran mash for
worm, 12:218, 353.°

white arsenic and lime, 9:4384-
35.

white wash, 8:182; 12:308, 353.

winter washes, 11:228-29.

wire nevung tree protector, 8:
185.

wire screens, 12:2384, 348.

wood ashes, 1:60; 8:182, 188; 9:
372.

working
259.

worming, 8:248.

Wrapping tree trunks, 7:313.

X. O. dust, 9:418, 420; 13:365°.

remotepunctata, Calandra, see C.
granaria.

Renia discoloralis, 10:482.

reniformis, Helotropha, 10:482.

renigera, Mamestra, 10:482.

Rennie, James, Insect architecture
cited, 11:241.

army

the ground, 4:15; 5:

repanda, Cicindela, 7:219; 10:377;
12:209.

repentis, Agrotis, see Carneades
messoria.

teseda, see Mignonette.

564

Resplendent shield bearer (Aspidis-
ca splendoriferella), 1:166, 330;
132159, 267.

retardata, Acronycta (syn. A. dis-
secta), 10:482.

reticulatana, Cenopis, 10:483.

reticulatus, Cossus, see Prionoxystus
robiniae.

retinervis, Microcentrum, 4:80; 5:
323, 326; 11:271, 288; 13:365'; 14:
341°, 3896".

retusa, Anthophora, 10:386.

Reuter, Enzio, cited, 11:166.

reversalis, Botis, see Mecyna.

Mecyna, see Mecyna reversalis.

Revue @ Entomologie cited, '7:256.

Reynolds, James, insects from, 12:
359.

Rhagoletis pomonella, see Trypeta.

Rhaphidodemas titea (syn. Phigalia
cinctaria), 1:329; 11:266.

Rheum rhaponticum, see Rhubarb.

Rhinoceros beetle, 5:228, 321; 7:246-

55; 9:342, 440; 11:274; 14:341°,
374°, 387%.

Rhinosia pometella, see Ypsolophus
pometellus.

Rhizobiinae, 4:196.
Rhizoglyphus, 10:451, 452, 486.
phylloxerae, 10:451, 487; 14:
=T ee
rostroserratus, 10:449.
Rhizophagus feeding on Tribolium,
2:139
Rhode Island society for the encour-
agement of domestic industry,
Transactions cited, 7:255.
Rhodites, 11:281; 14:3907.
Rhogas terminalis, 12:192, 211.
rhois, Blepharida, 5:271.
Brysocrypta, see Pemphigus.
Melaphis, see Pemphigus.
Pemphigus, see Pemphigus
rhois. ;
Rhopalocera, dates of occurrence, 9:
456.
Rhopalosiphum _ berberidis
Aphis), 9:405, 411, 412.
solani (syn. Megoura), 3:121,
149; 14:345°, 345°.
species, 18:363°; 14:400*.
Rhubarb, insects injurious to;
Anthrenus' scrophulariae,
172-73; 13:359*.
Hydroecia nitela (Gortyna), 1:
112; $:191.
Lixus coneavus, 1:112.
Sitodrepa panicea, 4:92.
Spilosoma virginica, 7:304.
Rhus glabra, see Sumac, smooth.

(syn.

lige

Rhus typhina, see Sumac, stag-
horn.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Rhynchagrotis anchocelioides (syn.
Agrotis cupida), 1:58; 7:375;
14:321°,

brunneicollis (syn. Agrotis), 7:
315; 14:321°. ;
placida (syn. Agrotis), 11:265.

Rhyparochromus devastator, see
Blissus leucopterus.

leucopterus, see Blissus.
Rhyssa atrata, see Thalessa.
lunator, see Thalessa.
persuasoria, 8:108, 165, 166.
ribearia, Abraxas, see Diastictis.
Diastictis (syn. Abraxas, Eu-
fitchia), 1:299, 306; 9:456; 12:
310-11, 360; 18:372*; 14:313',
339%. :

Eufitchia, see Diastictis.

Ribes aureum, See Currant, Mis-
souri.

nigrum, see Currant, black.
ribesii, Nematus, see Pteronus.
Pteronus, see Pteronus ribesii.
ribis, Aphis, see Myzus.
Myzus (syn. Aphis), 1:272; 38:
145; 9:370-71; 10:498; 11:273,
276; 6 13:363°;:' 14-3607 Seen
388°, 400%.

ricara, Pyrgus, see P. caespitalis.

Rice, A. C., insects from, 9:463.

Rice, Calandra oryzae in, 13:374°.
Indian, Sphenophorus sculptilis

on, 1:259.

Rice chaff, Tribolium ferrugineum
in, 8:299.

Rice plants, Thrips on, 11:249.

Rice weevil, 10:511.

Rich, G. A., insects from, 10:512.

Richardson, C. A., insects from, 4:
208.

Richardson, M, T., insects from, 12:
362.

Richmond, A. G., insects from, 4:
208; 5:324.

Rickard, A., insects from, 10:512.

Ricinus communis, see Castor oil
plant.

Rider, C. E., insects from, 10:515.

ridingsii, Bombus, 11:104.

Riggs, F. J., insects from, 12:359,
361, 362, 3638; 1333123, sooo
374".

rigida, Cecidomyia (syn. C. salicis),
12297.

Riley, C. V., cited, 1:99, 116, 127,
149, 157, 1638, 172, 191.) 2a
233, 247, 254, 264, 281; 2:89, 102,
126, 132, 142, 149; 4:21, 28, 35, 51,
80, 93, 103, 114, 115, 151, 156, 158;
5-184, 200, 227, 234; '7:225, 247,
255, 279, 296, 321, 324; S:141, 156;
160; 9:300, 307, 309, 317, 330, 457;

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

10:378, 388, 433, 453, 478; 11:109,

145, 11525 177,, 185194, 198, 222,

232, 241, 248; 12:188, 191, 184,

214, 218, 230, 235, 248, 254, 264,

268, 272; 13:343°; quoted, 11:129,

£50, tele 2216, 1209; 3225 13:

356°; referred to, 11:113, 127, 181;

Perotti. 20a, cal, 222. 233,

Zaie 200, 201.204, 216, 2170, 312;

iso aol} ooe, oot. o00'; n-

sects of Missouri. General index and

supplement cited, 1:110, 181, 199;

2:89; '7:225, 255; Insects of Mis-

souri. Report cited, 1:81, 110, 116,

og, rol, 18s. 199.221, 227, 254

264; 2:57, 68, 89, 126, 132, 149, 168,

188; 4:20, 51, 63, 80, 114, 115, 158;

5:180, 184, 200, 207, 282; '7:225, 255,

279, 288; 8:129, 160; 9:330, 457; 11:

109, 126, 129, 145, 248; 12:1838, 218,

230, 235, 268, 283; 13:3518; 14:313°;

Mulberry silk worm, review of, 14:

346°; Potato pests cited, 1:110; Re-

port on the cotton worm and boll
worm (4th rep’t U. S. ent. comm.)

cited, 4:158; 10:405; 11:241; 12:

191.

Riley, C. V. and Howard, L. O.,
ened, 7:24.77, 256; 288, 297, 321,
o24; 6:129, 133, 141; 9:300, 301,
309, 318; 10:378, 388, 405, 411, 417,
433, 454, 478; 11:110, 184, 146, 152,
177, 2382, 242, 250; 12:183, 192, 218,
Pawo, 268; 210, 290, 293; 13:
344’.

Riley, C. V. and
cited, 7:321.
Riley, C. V. and Monell, J., cited, 5:

246.

rileyana, Heteropacha, 2:40.

rileyi, Chalia, 11:264.

Schizoneura, 3:125; 13:374°.
rimosa, Cicada (Syn. Tibicen, C.
noveboracensis), 11:270.

Tibicen, see-Cicada.
rimosalis, Pionea, see Evergestis.
Evergestis (syn. Pionea), 2:93.

Risley, C. C., insects from, 10:512.

Rivellia viridulans, 2:122.

Riverside natural history, see Stan-
dard natural history.

Rivula propinqualis, 4:206.

rivulosa, Lygranthoecia, see Schinia
marginata.

Roaches, 1:36; 4:182; 7:325.

Robber flies, 11:117.

Robbins, 8S. J., insects from, 10:517;
on 12-spotted asparagus beetle,
12:249, 250. ,

Robert, Eugéne, quoted, 12:248.

Roberts, C. H., insects from,
371’.

Marlatt, C. L.,

13:

565

Roberts, J. T., insects from, 10:509.

Robertson, Charles, determinations
by, 11:108.

Robin feeding on insects, 2:8, 82,
113; 5:198; 9:356; 12:209, 288.

Robineau-Desvoidy, A. J. B., Hssai
sur les Myodiares cited, 5:220;
Histoire naturelle des Diptéres des
Environs de Paris cited, 9:309.

Robinia, insects injurious to;

Euparthenos nubilis (syn. Par-
thenos), 3:136.

Odontota dorsalis, 12:264, 265,
266.

Robinia pseudacacia,
tree.

robiniae, Clytus, see Cyllene.

Cossus, see Prionoxystus.

Cyllene (syn. Clytus), 1:317; 2:
224; '7:363; 8:175, 176; 10:504,
517; 13:360°; 14:366°, 386%.

Prionoxystus (syn., Cossus, C.
crepera, C.. plagiatus, C.
reticulatus, Xyleutes), 2:216;
7:375; 9:426, 450; 11:265; 14:
Beets

Spermophagus, 7:270.

Xyleutes, see Prionoxystus.

robiniella, Anacampsis, see Gelechia.

Gelechia (syn. Anacampsis), 1:
809.

Lithocolletis (Syn. Argyromiges
pseudacaciella), 1:309.

Robinson, J. F., insects from, 12:
360.

Robinson, W. S., insects from, 5:
326.

robustus, Gordius, 4:125.

Sphenophorus, 1:261, 262.

Rochester democrat and chronicle
quoted, 12:197.

Roestelia aurantiaca (aecidial form
of Gymnosporangium clavipes),
2:12; 6:181.

rogationis, Plusia (syn. P. dyaus),
2:94-97, 228; 14:3337, 342°.

Rogers, R. V., cited, 12:238.

Rolfs, P. H., cited, 11:283.

Rome sentinel, abstract from, 12:352;
cited, 12:190; 14:393"; quoted, 12:
197.

Rondani, Camillo, Dipterologiae
Italicae Prodomus cited, 5:220.
Root fly (Anthomyia radicum), 1:

191-94, 196; 14:335%.

Root webworm, 4:14.

Rosa, see Rose.

rosaceana, Cacoecia, 1:329; 5:213; 6:
187;.7:355; 9:418; 11:121, 266; 12:
312, 356, 360; 14:3957, 399%.

rosae, Anomia, see Typhlocyba.

Aulacaspis (Syn. Diaspis), 7:

see Locust

566

rosae, Diaspis, see Aulacaspis.
Empoa, see Typhlocyba.
Monostegia (syn. Selandria), 1:
42; 7:344, 362; 10:499; 14:
366%, 3843.
Psila, 1:46, 49.
Selandria, see Monostegia.
Tettigonia, see Typhlocyba.
Typhlocyba (syn. Anomia, Em-
poa, Tettigonia), 2:31; 6:166;
F945, 3023 S:256; VE274 12:
355, 356; 14:346°, 359°, 366°,
3948.
rosana, Cacoecia, 10:516; 11:266.
Rose, J. F., insects from, 8:296, 299;
9:461; 10:510, 515, 518.
Rose, insects injurious to;
Anomala marginata, 10:441.
Aphids, 5:162.
Aramigus fulleri, 2:142; 4:193.
Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:207,
224. .,
Aulacaspis rosae (syn. Diaspis),
7 :384.
Bibio albipennis, 2:115.
Cacoecia argyrospila, 7:356.
rosaceana, 6:187; 9:418.
Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus,
9 :344, 468.
Cladius pectinicornis, 10:499.
Emphytus cinctus, 10:499.
‘Homoptera lunata, 4:57-59; 5:
315; 14:3387.
Ieerya purchasi, 4:187.

Lygus pratensis, 13:352°.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229; 6:175; 8:201; 9:419-20.
Monostegia rosae, 7:344, 362;

10:499.
Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:69, 77.
Otiorhynchus ovatus, 10:417.
Parasa chloris, 9:443; 14:375°.
Penthina nimbatana, 2:228; 5:
214; 6:1389; 14:332°.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:278.
Poecilosoma candidatum, 18:
336°.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:148.
Tetranychus telarius, 9:432.
Typhlocyba rosae (syn. Tetti-
gonia), 2:31; 6:166; 7:362; 8:
ZOO Teele e
white grubs, 9:354.

Rose aphis, 5:162.

Rose beetle (Macrodactylus), bib-
liography, 1:227-28; character-
istics of appearance, 1:281;
classificatory and descriptive,
1:78, 228-29; detailed account,
1:227-32; food plants, 1:229-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

30; natural history, 1:231; 7:
346-47; ravages, 1:230-31, 317;
2:225; 4:142, 198, 199; 5:154;
6:166; 8:125; 9:419-20; refer-
ences; -1:178, | 284; -303, 7207,
316; 7:337; 8:112; 9:441, 491,
49T, 511; ¥1:173;-268; 1235
362; 14:325*, 331°, 336% 3397,
341°, 349°, 370%, 382°, 385", 392°;
remedies, 1:45, 57; 8:200-2,
282; 9:418; 10:501.
Fuller’s (Aramigus), 2:142-44;
-4:198; 5:154, 311, 325; 14:337,
3842", 347%.
Rose bug, see Rose beetle.
Rose chafer, green (Cetonia aurata),
123 mts
Rose leaf hopper (Typhlocyba
rosae), 2:31; 7:345, 362; 8:116, 256;
11:271; 12:355-56; 14:359% 366%,
3948; 14:343°.
Rose leaf tyer (Penthina nimba-
tana), 5:2138-15; 6:1389; 14:3627.
Rose saw fly, 7:354.
Rose slug (Monostegia rosae), 3:88;
7 :344, 362; 10:499; 14:366°, 3845.
Rose twig borer, 1:57.

Rose worm, bristly, 10:499; 14:384+,
curled, 10:499; 14:384*.
rosea, Odontota, see O. nervosa.
rostroserratus, Rhizoglyphus,

449; 14:377°.
Tyroglyphus, 10:486.
rotondipennis, Sciara, 10:394.
rotundifolia, Amblycorypha, 7:384.
Rotiast, Georges, Catalogue des
chenilles Huropéennes connues re-
ferred to, 11:149.
Rove beetles (Staphylinidae), 1:187,
189.

Royal Gardens, Bulletin of miscel-
laneous information cited, 11:241.
Royal society of Canada, Trans-,

actions cited, 13:338°, 341".
Royce, T. C., insects from, 12:263.
rubelius, Lixus, 1:260.
rubens, Tribolium, see T. ferrugi- -
neum.
rubeolans, Nephelodes, 1:107.
rubi, Lasioptera, of Europe, 4:66.

10:

Monophadnoides (syn. Selan-

dria), 1:42.

Selandria, see Monophadnoides,
rubicunda, Anisota (syn. Dryo-

campa), 3:91; 5:197, 198, 200;
9:295, 422, 455; 10:507; 14:
309°, 313°.

Dryocampa, see Anisota.

| rubicundula, Diplax, '7:220.

rubidana, Galasa (syn. Cordylopeza
nigrinodis), 10:488.

| INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

rvubivora, Aplodes, see Synchlora
glaucaria. ;
Phorbia, see Raspberry cane
maggot.

Synchlora, see S. glaucaria,

rubivoraria, Synchlora, see S.
glaucaria.
rubra, Odontota, 11:269.
rubrocinctus, Cimex, see lLargus
succinctus.
Rubus canadensis (dew berry),

mined by Tischeria malifoli-
ella, 11:162.
strigosus, see Raspberry.
rubus-eaulis, Figites, 1:315.
rudbeckiae, Aphis, . see
phora.
Nectarophora (syn. Aphis, Si-
phonophora), 9:406, 411, 412.
Siphonophora, see Nectarophora.
rudis, Musca, see Pollenia.
Pollenia (syn. Musca, M. fam-
iliaris), 2:117; 8:297; 9:309-14,
439: 10:498, 510, 516; 12:361;
13:370°; 14:375*, 383°, 398°.
rufa, Formica (probably F. exsec-
sides), 2:117, 186; 11-115, 273;
12:181-82; 14:38997.
rufescens, Panorpa, 10:464-73, 478-
80; 12:352; 14:393*.
Ruffin, Edward, cited, 2:102.
rufibarbis, Erax, 1:319.
ruficeps, Anthomyia, 1:171, 185.
ruficollis, Agrilus (syn. Buprestis),
6:123-25, 174; 10:406-7, 516;
11:285; 12:352; 14:324°, 367°,
393°.
Buprestis, see Agrilus.
Lathridius (syn. L. pulicarius),
6:183, 184; 14:330°.
rufimana Bohem., Mylabris, see
Bruchus rufimanus Bohem.
rufimanus Bohem., Bruchus (syn. B.
granarius Linn., Mylabris rufi-
mana Bohem.), 6:128; 7:263,
267, 268, 279-85, 286, 383; 8:
299; 9:440; 14:374°.
rufimanus Schon., Mylabris, erraon-
eous reference of Bruchus lentis
Bohem. ;
rufipennis, Apate, see Polygraphus.
Attagenus, see A. piceus.
Dendroctonus (syn. Hylurgus),
2:54.
Hylurgus, see Dendroctonus.
Polygraphus (syn. Apate), 2:54.
rufipes, Altica, see Crepidodera.
Chrysomela, see Crepidodera.
Crepidodera (syn. Altica, Chry-
somela, Crepidodera erythro-
pus), 4:101-3, 196; 11:269; 14:
348°, 3575.
Phora, 10:405.

Nectaro-

567

rufocoxalis, Apanteles, see A. con-
gregatus var.

rufopectus, Allantus, see Tenthredo.
Tenthredo, see Tenthredo rufo-

pectus.

rufosanguinea, Galeruca, 11:197.

rufovillosum, Xestobium (syn. Ano-
bium tesselatum), 2:202.

rufula, Taeniocampa, 11:265.

rufus, Culex, 12:327.

rugosa, Lachnosterna,
268.

rugosus, Oxytelus, 1:189; 3:134, 142.

rugulosus, Eccoptogaster, see Scoly-

tus.

Scolytus (syn. Eccoptogaster),
3:152; 4:103-7, 186, 208; 5:300,
BIG Soy heed) AGd pres
862; 14:340%, 346%, 353°, 357°.

Rumex, see Dock.

rumicis, Aphis, 9:440; 14:875°.
Hypera, see Phytonomus.
Phytonomus (syn. Hypera), 1:

248.

Rumley, E., insects from, 10:510.

Rupert, W. P. & sons, insects from,
6:187. *

Rural New Yorker cited, 1:221; 4:28;
5:284; 6:170; '7:255; 8:129, 285; 9:
3800, 489; 10:378; 11:145, 209, 217,
JVS. 219; 233. 242: 12:2732 tesa:
14:361°, 372°, 373°.

ruscarius, Elaphrus, 12:209.

Rusk, S. E., insects from, 7:381.

Russell, Henry, insects from, 18:
373°.

Russell, J. C., insects from, 3:142.

Russell, Dr 8S. A., insects from, 4:
208; .11:284, 287; 12:360, 363.

Rust mite, 3:144.

rusticus, Anisodactylus, 12:209.
Myrmeleon, 11:238.

Rutabaga, insects injurious to;
Aphis brassicae, 6:147.
Mamestra picta, 2:2.

Murgantia histrionica, 1:267.
rutila, Gortyna, see Hydroecia.
Hydroecia (syn. Gortyna), 1:
hs
rutulus, Papilio, 8:296.
Rye, insects injurious to;
Calandra granaria, 7:365; 14:
Sl.
Cephus pygmaeus, 7:334.
trimaculatus (syn. Phylloe-
cus), 8:167.
Chlorops, 8:167.
Isosoma hordei, 4:29.
Janus integer (Syn. J. flaviven-
tris), 8:167.
Leucania albilinea, 10:490, 492,
509; 14:379%.
unipuncta, 12:197, 206,

9:355 >is

568

Rye, insects injurious to (cont'd)
Nectarophora granaria (syn.
Siphonophora avenae), 1:313;
2:995; 3:118, 114; 5:247, 252;
6:169; 7:360; 14: 3612,
Oscinis glabra, in Europe, 1:
225,
pumilionis, in Hurope, 1:225.
Rymosia fenestralis, 10:392.

Sabin, “2H,
324.

Sabulodes lorata (syn. Tetracis), 3

140; 10:488.
nubilata (syn.
11:266.
transversata (syn. Eutrapela,
Prochoerodes), 8:287; 10:483;
11:284; 14:372°.

sacchari, Tyroglyphus, see T. siro.

sackeni, Mallota, see M. posticata.

Saddle back caterpillar, 1:328; 6:
187; 11:264.

Sage, insects injurious to;
HKudamus proteus, 1:337.
Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna),

q Wes a 2A s 3s Bo ig

Sager, J., insects from, 7:381.

St Fargeau, A. L. M. and Serville,
J. G. A. [and Le Peletier], cited,
5:174.

St Lawrence republican cited, 1:99,
127; 6:180, 182; 14:328°.

St Louis academy, Transactions
cited, 4:151: '7:255.

salicellis, Lachnus, 9:407, 412.

saliceti, Cryptocampus, 13:336°.

salicipomonella, Batrachedra, 12:
360.

salicis, Cecidomyia, see C. rigida.
Chionaspis, 9:411.

Coceus, see Lecanium.

Lecanium (syn. Coccus), 9:409,
411, 413.

Oedemasia, 11:265.

Pulvinaria, 9:411.

insects from, 3:141; 5:

Prochoerodes),

salicis-batatus, Cecidomyia, 2:231;
14:334,
salicis-pomum, Nematus, see Pon-

tania pomum.

Salix cordata, see Willow.

viminalis, see Willow, basket.

Salsify, Lygus pratensis on, 13:352°;
Thrips on, 11:249.

Salt, Piophila casei in, 12:230.

Salt pork, Piophila casei infesting,
12:230.

saltatorius, Neuroterus, 7:309.

saltatus, Andricus, 7:309.

saltitans, Carpocapsa (syn. C. des-
baisiana,

7:310; 8:292; 14:315°, 338°, 358).

4:151-54; 5:315; 6:187;

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Salvia, Poecilocapsus lineatus on,
5:2738, 274.
sambucifoliae, Aphis, 9:406,412.
Sambucus, see Elder.
Samia cecropia (syn. Attacus, Pla-
tysamia);° 1:72; 3283 "2:7 ae
455; 10.481; -11:265> 2356
13:371°; 14:313°, 394".
columbia, 1:86.
Samp, insects infesting;
Plodia interpunctella (syn. Hph-
estia), 12:360.
Silvanus surinamensis, 12:361.
San José scale, appearance in Atlan-
tic states, 11:101, 207; bibliog-
raphy, 11:231-33; bulletin on, 11:
102, 105; carried by birds, 11 :224-
25; Comstock, J..H.,.-on; 1 £2206;
condition of Long Island nurser-
ies,.11:213-15; described, 11:219-
21; distributed in nursery stock,
11:101, 225; female described, 11:
221; figures, 11: plates 12, 13, 14;
food plants, 11:223-24; gas treat-
ment for, 11:230; in Florida, 11:
208-9; injurious character of, 11:
101; in Maryland, 11:208; in New
Jersey, 11:215-16; in New Jersey
nurseries, 11:216-19; in New York,
11:210-12;. ine: Ohio, -b0:249 am
other states, 11:209-10; introduc-
tion and spread, 11:207; investi-
gation by U. 8S. Department of
Agriculture, 11:207-8; legislation,
proposed, 11:226-28; legislative
appropriation for, 11:102; life his-
tory, 11:221-23; limited to upper
austral life zone, 11:102, 179;
male described, 11:220-21; nur-
sery stock, treatment of infested,
11:231; on Long Island, die
18; potash wash for, 11:230; pro-
tection from infested nursery
stock, 11:225-26; reference, 10:
456, 505; 11:181, 201, 275, 277, 278,

287; 12:316, S57, 1863; TSias2,
368’, 368’, 369°, 3747; 14:386°, 388*-
89, 395°, 397°, 398°, 399°; remedies,

11 :228- 31: spread of, 11: 102, 224-
25; Summer washes for, 11:230;
whale oil soap for, 11:229; winter
washes for, 11:228-29.
sanborni, Chernes, 3:142; 6:190.
“Sand flies” (Ephemeridae), 4:122.
sanguinea, Coccinella, 7:382; 8:300.
Galeruca, see Lochmaea cra-
taegi.
sanguinicollis,
sanguisugus, Conorhinus,
316; 14:3397.
Sannina exitiosa, see Sanninoidea.

Penthimia, 9:397.
A-j4 1: 5%

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Sanninoidea exitiosa (syn. Aegeria,
Sannina), 1:47, 57, 64, 259; 2:6, 60,
216; 4:107; 6:170; 8:181-86; 9:367;
14:361°.

santes, Colias, see Eurymus philo-
dice.

Sap fly, 10:389.

Saperda affinis, see Oberea bimacu-

lata.
bimaculata, see Oberea.
bivittata, see S. candidas»
ealearata, 1:297; 11:269.
candida (syn. S. bivittata), in
hawthorn, 5:320; oviposition
of, 4:200; 5:269-71; reference,
1-297, 306, 331; 43107; 5:325;
9:440; 10:488, 511; 11:269; 12:
239, 246, 356; 13:365*; 14:
Be, S49" ~ 363°, 9 S14, STS,
394°, 396°; remedies, 1:58, 64;
2:27; 3:105; 7:313-14; 10:488.
eretata, 2£:331; .11:269.
tridentata (syn. Compsidea,
Saperda trilineata), associated

insects, 12:246; bibliography, |

12:243; described, 12:245; dis-
tribution, 12:247; figures, 12:
plate 7, fig. 4,5; plate 8, fig. 2;
injuring elms, 9 :427-28; 12 :248-
45; life history, 12:246; para-
Sites, 12:247; reference, 10:
484, 485, 499; 12:239, 355; 14:
Mi oli, as4os 304°, 399°:
remedies, 9:428-29; 12:247-48.
trilineata, see S. tridentata.
tripunctata, see Oberea bimacu-
lata.
vestita; 4:207; 11:269; 12:245.
Saponaria officinalis, army worm
moths on, 12:202.
Saprolegnia ferax, fungus on fishes,
Bea (2.
Sapromyza vulgaris (syn. Chlorops,
C. antennalis), 1:225.

saratogensis, Aphrophora (syn.
Lepyronia), 1:285; 4:121; 9:
393, 410.

Lepyronia, see Aphrophora.
Sarcophaga helicis, 12:210.
oedipodinis, 12:210.
species, 12:210.
Sareoptidae, 5:290.
Sargent, C. S., cited, 12:268.
Sargent, C. W., insects from, 12:361.
‘Sassafras, Oberea schaumii on, 5:
Dae ‘
satellitia, Philampelus, see P. pan-
dorus.
satyricus, Ufeus, 10:482.
satyriniformis, Melittia, see Melittia
satyriniformis.

569

satyrus, Grapta, see Polygonia.
Polygonia (syn. Grapta), 7:375;
14:321%.
Xyloryctes, 7:251.

Satyrus alope, see Cercyonis.

nephele, see Cercyonis.

saucia, Agrotis, see Peridroma.

Noctua, see Peridroma.

Peridroma (syn. Noctua, Agro-
tis, A. inermis, A. ortonii), 1:
8, 328; 5:200-6; 8:234, 285; 11:
121, 265; 14:362’.

Saunders, EKdward, Hemipiera
Heteroptera of the British islands
cited, 10:430.

Saunders, William, cited, 1:127, 152,
22g Ao LAL 2:69. OF 4102 -sAcS0;
el64e 2adsn 7 225 7-8 12015 16039:
300; 11:184, 146, 249; 12:183, 191,
218, 235, 237; 13:351°; quoted, 12:
219-20; referred to, 12:221, 222;
Insects injurious to fruits cited, 1:
WEL 28d° 2 51,69: 9,118, 126,168;
4:63, 80, 115;5:180, 184, 231, 253;
6:125; '7:288; 8:129; 9:317; 10:388,
ANS: LB A27 4 184, 160; 171, -249;
12:218; 18:351°; 14:333°; Synopsis
of Canadian Arctiidae cited, '7:225;
12:188.

saundersii,
lunata.

Sautter, Louis, referred to, 18:3457.

Saw flies, attacking fruit trees, 5:
3238; 9:335-86; 14:3427; attacking
pear trees, 2:5; attacking quince,
2:232; 14:334°; attacking wheat,3:
88; 4:135; 14:3457; classification,
1:78; 4:190; parasite of currant
sawfly, 4:197; pupation of certain
ones delayed, 1:138; reference, 4:
205; remedies, 1:33, 42.

Saw fly, red breasted, see Tenthredo
rufopectus.

Saw. fly borer, 7 :334.

Saw fly larvae, 12:359; 13:3717*.

Say, Thomas, cited, 1:211, 232, 271,
28? QSi10? 125, 132 1136; 139; 148;
164553 4334-407, 128, 1563 °5:227,
242; 8:152; 10:432; 11:109, 240; 12:
Dig LOte Loco quoted: — 14,105
referred to, 11:110;, 12:240; Com-
plete writings (Le Conte ed.) cited,
1281+ 2AAG; 186, 139; 4:10 128,
1563 D222 242 = 7255 S525 LO:
388, 4382; 11:109, 240; 12:237, 267;
13:351°; quoted, 11:110; Descrip-
tions of new speciesof heteropterous
Hemiptera of North America cited,
1:271, 294, 306; 2:148, 164; 4:107;
Descriptions of North American
Curculionides cited, 7:255; 12:267;

Homoptera, see MH.

570

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Narrative of an expedition to the | scarlatina, Gypona, 9:397.

source of St Peter’s river.
under Long, cited, 1:281; 12: 237.
sayi, Lytta, see Pomphopoea.
Pomphopoea (syn. Lytta), 6:136;
14:368'.
Amblycephalus, see Deltoce-
phalus.
Deltocephalus (syn. Amblyce-
phalus), 9:401, 410.
scabies, Epidapus, 10:447.
seabra, Hypena (syn. H. erectalis),
— 9:454; 14:312°.
Osmoderma, 1:330; 11:268, 284;
12-361: 13::3%3":
sealaris, Bellamira (syn. Leptura),
Ditslin
Heliria (syn. Telamona fagi), 9:
391, 410.
Homalomyia, 1:168, 171.
Leptura, see Bellamira.
Seale insects, characters,
classification, 1:79;
contact insectides for, 4:190;
development, 11:200-1; fish
brine for, 1:60; kerosene or
kerosene emulsion for, 1:48;
2:32, 38; 8:215; lady bugs
destroying, 5:266; 6:105; 7:
341; 10:501; losses caused by,
6:104; 723403" | New York
species, 11:277; number of
species, 11:201; on apple and
pear, 8:293; 9:440; 14:316°;
on camellia and oleander, 8:
214-15, 279; 10:497; on ivy, 5:
278-79, 317; 14:3498; on
maple, 1:310; 5:313; refer-
ence, 1:286, 309; 2:187; 4:180,
200 5 '8:254: 9:37T2 11-274, 275;
12:348; 14,:349%, 349°, 3637, 369",
Sra fies 388°, 391°; remedies for,

sayii,

11:200;
11:200;

5:300; 6:144; soluble phenyle |

for, 1:49; species treated of,
11:201-33; spread of, 4:187-88;
6:104; studies of, 1:18; 4:165;
useful species, 11:201.
Australian, 7:340.
Scallop wing, 8:109, 171, 172; 10:
497; 14: 389°,
scandens, Agrotis, see Carneades.
Carneades (syn. Agrotis), 1:58,
Dep. MAH tat Deh:
scapha, Eulimacodes (syn.
codes), 1:328; 11:264.
Limacodes, see Eulimacodes.
Searabaeidae, 1:227, 232; 4:182; 5:
227; '7:246; 10:408-13, 503; injur-
ing the apple tree, list of, 11:268.
Scarabaeus indus, see
inda.
tityus, see Dynastes,

Lima-

Euphoria |

' Schmitt, G. A.,

Scatophaga ceparum, see Phorbia.
Seattergood, C., insects from, 3:141.
Scavenger beetles, 6:170.
Scelothrix maculatus (syn. Pyrgus),
1:336.
Scenopinidae, 2:45.
Scenopinus fenestralis (syn. S. pal-
lipes), 2:44; 4:174; 7:312, 367,
382; 10:510; 12:361; 14:368".
pallipes, see S. fenestralis.
Scepsis fulvicollis, 9:456; 14:313°,
schaumii, Oberea, 5:233.
Schaupp, F. G., cited, 4:20.
Schenectady daily union cited, 8:292;
9:299; 14:316+.

Scheuten, A., cited, 10:453.
Schinia marginata (syn.
thoecia), 3:153.

rivulosa (Syn. Lygranthoecia),
3:141.
Schiddte, J. G., Naturhistorisk Tids-
Skrift cited, 2:136.
Schistocera americana, 11:271.
shoshone, 11:271.

Schizoneura, venation of, 3:124.

Schizoneura americana, 5:319; 14:
340°.

caryae, 3:125.

imbricator, see Pemphigus.

lanigera (syn. Aphis, Eriosoma,
E. pyri, Myzoxylus mali, Pem-
phigus pyri), 1:48, 47, 331; 2:
3D, 181; :821253) S160. aa
408, 411, 412, 413; 11:271; 13:
366°-677; 14:397°.

querci, 2:181; 3:125.

rileyi, 3:125;. 13:374°,

strobi, see Lachnus.

tessellata, see Pemphigus.

ulmi (syn. Lachnus), 2:181; 9:
411, 412.

Schizoneurinae, 9:412.

Schizura concinna (syn. Oedemasia,
Notodonta), delayed pupation,
1:187; Limneria fugitiva
parasitic on, 3:90, 91, 140, 150;

Lygran-

7:381; reference, 1:328; 5:169,
824; 8:292; 9:454; 11:265; 14:
3128, 316 346) .aa2 eee

remedies, 1:57; 5:309.

eximia (Syn. Oedemasia), 1:328;
11:265.

unicornis (Syn. Coelodasys), 1:

187, 328; 9:455; 11:265; 14:
| 313°.
| schlaegeri, Cryptolechia, see Sten-
oma.
Stenoma (syn, Cryptolechia), 9:
456

Schmidt, ‘Berrard, jr, insects from, -
3:140.
jnsects from, 8:141,

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Schmitz, H. C., insects from, 3:140.

Schoenherr, C. J., Genera et species
Curculionidum cited, 2:140; 7:279,
285; Synonymia insectorum [1806]
cited, 2:136.

_ Schofield, S., cited, 13:343°.

schénherri, Pachyrhynchus, see
Ithycerus noveboracensis.

School of mines quarterly. cited, 12:

283.
Schoonmaker, HE. T.,
13:372', 374°.
Schoturus boletivorus (syn. Acho-
rutes), 2:206.

insects from,

marmoratus (syn. Achorutes),
2 :206.
nivicola (syn. Achorutes,
Podura) associated species,
2:206; bibliography, 2:203;
251: description, 2-205,

206, 244; family characteris-
tics, 2:206, 207; habits, 2:204;
identity of species, 11:251;
observations of, 2:204, 205;
observed at Ghent, N. Y., 11:
251; reference, 10:519; 12:
301; 14:342°, 343°, 396.

pratorum (syn. Achorutes), 2:
206.

texensis (Syn. Achorutes,),2:206.

Schrank, Franz, Enumeratio insec-
torum Austriae indigenorum cited,
5 :234.

Schwartz, Charles, insects from, 6:
188.

Schwarz, E. A., cited, 4:104; 7:247,
296, 297; 10:405; 11:109, 197, 2338:
12:273.

Sciara, Additional notes on, 12:2238-
28; 14:399*; general reference,
1:189, 219, 330; 4:200; 5:264;
6:188; 10:387-91, 447, 489, 490;
notes on, 10:387-91; 12:351;
14:3937.

manure, 10:398, 400.

Sciara agraria, 12:225-26.

ealdaria, 10:396, 397-99, 403,
510: 12:351; 14:308°, 378°, 3937.

coprophila, 10:391-97, 403; 12:
351; 14:308°, 378°, 3937.

deperdita (fossil form), 10:388.

fucata,@ 5:265; 10:388.

fuliginosa (syn. Molobrus), 10:
387.

fulvicauda, 12:227-28, 361.

giraudii,@ 5:265.

hyalipennis,@ 5:265.

inconstans (Syn. Molobrus), 10:
387.

longipes,@ 5:265.

571

Sciara mali (syn. Molobrus), 1:219,
Ei Ue el 21 apes yt aS Tay 99
LO:387,' 388; 389, 391e 12-267;
14:332°, 3367.

militaris,e 10:390.

multiseta, 12:223-24, 361.

nervosa,@ 5:265; 10:392, 489.

nigra, 10:394.

obscura, 12:226..

ocellaris, 10:388.

ochrolabis, 10:394; 12:227.

pauciseta, 12:224, 225, 361.

pulicaria.@ 5:265; 10:388.

prolifiea, 12:226-27; 18:372°.

punctata,a 10:388.

pyri,@ 5:265.

quinquelineata,a 5:265; 10:388.

rotondipennis, 10:394.

sciophila, 10:394.

seopuli (fossil form), 10:388.

species, 5:264; 14:349% 3637.

thomae,@ 5:264; 10:390. -

tilicola,a 5:265.

toxoneura, 10:388.

tritici, 10:389.

villosa,. 12:225.

vittata,@ 5:265.

vulgaris (Syn.
303 13:312°.

Sciarae, 10:490.

sciarina, Docosia, 10:392.

Sciarinae, 10:389.

Sciarinen, 10:388.

Science cited, 1:149; 2:149, 233; 4:
35, 36; 6:183, 185; '7:296; 8:152; 9:
300, 318, 441; 10:452; 12:332; 14:
3304, 334°, 375%. .

Scientific American cited, 4:115; 8:
160; 10:478; 11:109; 12:214, 273.

scincetus, Attalus, 11:267.

sciophila, Sciara, 10:394.

Sciophila striata, 10:392.

scitana, Dichrorampha, see Grapho-
litha interstinctana.

scitiscripta, Cerura (syn. C.
dida), 7:375; 14:321°.

scitulus, Mesochorus, 12:211.

Scoliopteryx libatrix (syn. Gonop-
tera), 1:340; 8:109, 171-72; 9:
450, 456; 10:497; 14:3137, 382°.

Scolopendridae, 4:182, 133; 6:190.

scolopendrina, Cerura (syn. C. aqui-
lonaris), 7:375; 14:3215.

Scolopendrium vulgare,
tongue.

Seolytid bark borers, 7:352; 10:500.

Scolytidae, 2:54; 4:1038-7, 154, 204: 7:
238; 9:365, 367; injurious to- apple
tree, list of, 11:270.

Molobrus), 10:

Can-

see Hart’s

a Kuropean,

572

Scolytus beetles, 9:428; 12:248.
icoriae, 4:107.
obesus, see Xyleborus dispar.
pyri, see Xyleborus dispar.
rugulosus (Syn. Hecoptogaster),
3:152; 4:108-7, 186, 208; 5:300,
BIOs 27 S88a A 3270, (2803) Le:
3862; 14:3408, 346*, 353°, 357°.
Scopelosoma larvae fed on apple
leaves, 1:327.
sidus, 11:265.
Scopolia sequax, see Phorichaeta.
scopuli, Sciara (fossil form), 10:
388.
Scorias spongiosum, a fungus, 9:347,
463.

Scorpion, 10:464.

Scorpion flies, 10:463-80; 12 3352; 14:
393*

Scottish naturalist cited, 11:162.

Screw worm, 1:40, 62, 348.

scribonia, Ecpantheria, see EH. ocu-

laria.
Phalaena, see Ecpantheria ocu-

: laria.

scripta, Chrysomela, see Melasoma.

Habrosyne, 1:340.

Lina, see Melasoma.

Melasoma, see Melasoma scripta.
Plagiodera, see Melasoma.

seriptura, Pyrgus, 1:336.

scrophulariae, Anthrenus, see

threnus scrophulariae.
Byrrhus, see Anthrenus.
Cionus, 1:248.
Dermestes, see Anthrenus.

scrutator, Calosoma, 10:491, 516;
12:209, 861; 14:379".

Scudder, S. H., cited, 2:188; 4:104;
10:388, 405; 11:241; Butterflies of
the eastern United States cited, 11:
282, 283; Entomological correspon-
dence of Thaddeus William Harris,
M.D: cited ob 81. 10} 22h 25.
102, 208; 4:27, 51; 5:180, 183, 192,
206; 9:309; 12:298; Entomological
notes cited, 9:330; Frail children of
the air noticed, 11:282-83; 14:390°.

Scudder, S. H., and Burgess, Ed-
ward, cited, 10:404.

sculptilis, Sphenophorus, see Sphen-
ophorus scuptilis. ~

sculpturatus, Oxytelus, 1:189.

sculptus, Pterostichus, 12:209.

Scurfy bark louse, see Bark louse,
seurfy.

scutellaris, Anoplitis, see Odontota

dorsalis.
Bassus, 12:211.
Bruchus, see B. chinensis.
Chrysomela, see Odontota dor-
salis,

An-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

scutellaris, Coccotorus (syn. C. pru-
nicida), 4:17; 11:270.
Odontota, see O. dorsalis.

scutellatus, Monohammus, 10:517.

Scutelligera ammerlandia, see Micro-
don globosus.

Scutigera floridana, see S. forceps.

forceps (syn. 8. floridana, Calis-
ta, Cermatia, C. floridana,
C. coleoptrata), classification,
4:128-29; detailed account, 4:
128-34; '7:324-27; distribution,
4.:130-81; '7:325-26; food, 4:
132-33; 5:295-96; '7:325-26;
habits, 4:131-33; life history,
4.:184; poisonous, 4:133-34; 7:
327; reference, 3:142; 4:208;
6:175, 190; 8:282; 9:440; 12:
364; 13:375°; 14:325°, 357°, 363°,
370°, 3748.

linceci (syn. Cermatia), 4:132.

Scutigeridae, 4:128, 132; '7:324-27.

Scymnus species, 5:300; 11:232.

terminatus, 2:186.
Scythropus elegans, 3:141.
Seaman, Mrs G., insects from, 10:

310.
Secale cereale, see Rye.
secale, Isosoma (syn. EHurytoma

secalis), 4:27, 29.

secalina, Thrips, 11:246.

secalis, Kurytoma, see Isosoma se-
cale.

Seed corn fly, see Wheat fly, decep-
tive.

Seehaus, Philip, insects from, 138:

Seelye, C. W., insects from, 12:361.
segetum, Agrotis, 8:235.
Selandria cerasi, see Eriocampoides
limacina.
rosae, see Monostegia.
rubi, see Monophadnoides.
selecta, Plusia (syn. P. viridisig-
nata), 10:377.
Selenophorus pedicularius, 12:209.
Sellnow, George, insects from, 13:

i tae

Semasia species, 11:266.

Semblis pectinicornis, see Chau-
liodes.

semiclusaria, Nepytia (syn. Cleora
pulchraria), 4:20, 21; 9:450.

seminarius, Bruchus, 7:288, 284.

seminuda, Hutettix (syn. Bytho-
scopus seminudus), 9 398, 410; 11:
270.

seminudus, Bythoscopus, see EHu-
tettix seminuda.
Semiophora elimata var, bhadicollis

(syn, Agrotis badicollis), 10:482.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Semiotellus chalcidiphagus, 4:33.

clisiocampae, see Dibrachys
boucheanus.
destructor, 1:321.

semiovana, Phoxopteris, 10:483.
semisculpta, Chrysobothris, see C.
contigua.
-semistriatus, Psocus, 1:161.
senatoria, Adelocephala, see Anisota,

Anisota (syn. Adelocephala,

Dryocampa), 2:230; 3:91; 5:
192-200; 9:450, 453; 14:312',
aon, a02°.

Dryocampa, see Anisota.
Senecio scandens, see Ivy, German.
sennettii, Hepantheria, see H. gar-

Zoni.
Sentinel [Trumansburg, N. Y.], ab-
stract from, 14:3438°,
septemmaculata, Diplosis, 5:280.

septendecim, Cicada, see Cicada
Septendecim. ~
var. cassinii, Cicada, 10:424; 12:
279.

Tibicen, see Cicada.
Septoria cerasina, see Plum leaf fun-
gus.
sequax, Phorichaeta (syn. Scopolia),
8 :238.
Scopolia, see Phorichaeta.
sera, Gortyna, see Hydroecia velata.
Hydroecia, see H. velata.
Serica iricolor, 1:330; 11:268.
tristis, 8:284,°298; 14:371°.
valida, 11:268.
sericea, Cistela, 6:130.
sericeus, Dolerus, 4:197, 205;
348°,
Sericoris campesirana, 10:483.
instrutana, erroneous reference
of Steganoptycha claypoliana.
serrata, Haematobia, see Haemato-
i bia serrata.
Lyperosia, see Haematobia.
Priophora, see Haematobia.

14:

serraticeps, Ceratopsyllus (syn. Pu-
lex), 12:361; 138:372°.
Pulex, see Ceratopsyllus.
serraticornis, Cucullia, 9:456; 14:
a0T,, ole’.

serratus, Polydesmus (syn. P. can-
adensis), 3:1383; 12:301, 349.
serricornis, Chauliodes, 8:159.
Sesame grass, sculptured corn cur-
culio on, 1:259.
Sesia acerni (syn. Aegeria), 10:504;
14.:386°.
buffaloensis, see Hemaris.
diffinis, see Hemaris.
octomaculata, see Alypia.
Ppictipes (syn. Aegeria), 5:280.
pyri, 11:264.
thysbe, see Hemaris.

L
ee a a 3 8 Ss ey Bs

573

Sesia tipuliformis (syn. Aegeria),
1:8; 2:60, 216.
uniformis, see Hemaris thysbe
var. ruficaudis.

Sesiidae (syn. Aegeridae), 1:83; 2:
60: 216-4154 2 S511. “313 Slik oe
338, 456; 14:336°.

sessilis, Hemiteles, 1:86.

setacea, Phora, 10:402.

setigera, Diplosis, 11:168; 12:357;
14:308*, 395°.
Settle, H. G., insects from, 5:325.

Seventeen year locust, see Cicada,
UT year:
Sewell, E. W., insects from, 7:383.
sexguttata, Cicindela, 9:462.
Sexton beetles, 5:289; 14:363°.
Seymour, M., insects from, 12:362.
Shad bush, insects injurious to;
Nectarophora granaria (syn.
Aphis avenae), 1:316.
Thecla liparops (syn. T.
gosa), 4:1387.
Shad fly, 1:298; 2:240; 14:34387.
Shaffer, L. B., insects from, 13:373°.
Shanks, Dr S. G., insects from, 13:
312".
Sharp, David, cited, 11:241, 250.
Shaw, J. C., insects from, 5:324.
Shealy, James, insects from, 11:285.
Shear, C. L., insects from, 8:300; 9:
462; 10:511.
Sheep gad fly, 1:299.
Sheep maggots, 1:299.
Sheep scab, 7:362; 14:366'.
Sheep tick, 1:78, 79, 299.
Sheep warble fly, 6:111L
Sheldon, C. S., insects from, 10:512.
Shimer, Henry, cited, 2:126, 148,

stri-

180; 4:114.
Shimer, S. W., insects from, 5:325.
Shipley, , cited, 11:241.

Shoes, Sitodrepa panicea injure,
14,:349,

shoshone, Schistocera, 11:271.

Shreve, R. H., insects from, 12:362.

Shrews feeding on army worms, 12:
308.

Shrimp, blind,' 9:347-49; 10:498.

fresh water, 9:348.

Sialia sialis, see Bluebird.

Sialidae, 8:159.

Sibine stimulea (syn. Hates 1 :
328; 5:186,188; 6:187; 7:381;9 356:
11:264: 13:371°; 14,:3135.

sidus, Scopelosoma, 11:265.

Siewers, C. G., cited, 12:183; 138?
343’; referred to, 13:351'.

Sigalphus curculionis, 1:308.

tibialis, see Phanerotoma.

signata, Mycetophila, 10:392.

Tricholita, 10:377.

signatipes, Ichneumon, 7:228.

574 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

signatus, Anthonomus (A. musculus
in error), 3:139; 9:481.
signifera, Coptocycla (syn. C, gut-
tata), 6:127; 7:369; 14:318°.
signoreti, Aphrophora; 5:245.
Silk culture, 14:346°.
Silk worm, 1:76; 7:359; 9423; 14:
364°.
American, 10:498; Tes.
Silk worm disease, 2:40; 4:178.
Silk worm fungus, 2:179.
Silk worm moth, 10:493; 14:380‘.
Silliman’s journal of science cited,
5:174.
Silpha americana, 9:462; 11:285.
surinamensis, 12:361.
thoracica, of Europe, 4:180.
Silphidae, number of larvae de-
scribed, 4:182.
Silphides, sense organs in, 1:69.
Silvanus advena, see Cathartus.
cassiae, see Cathartus gemella-
tus,
surinamensis, 1:40, 330; 6:107,
188; 7:331; 9:308, 462; 10:495;
a1 -2677) 12-361; 132373"; 214:
380°.
silvellus, Crambus, 1:150.
Silver maple, see Maple, silver, soft
or white.
Silver top caused by Thrips, 11:249.
silybi, Aphis, of Europe, 3:122
similalis, Loxostege (syn. Hury-
creon rantalis), 1:329; 6:182; 11:
266; 14:329°.
similis, Anthomyia (syn. Hylemia),
SPA 2 2022) 1453553
Helophilus, 7:230, 233.
Helophilus, erroneous reference
of H. latifrons.
Hylemyia, see Anthomyia.
Simmons, Mrs H.,.insects from, 9:
A4G1.
Simons, F. M., insects from, 10:519.
simplex, Plusia, 10:376, 487; 14:378?.

Simpson, G. B., insects from, 138: °

Te.
simson, Argyramoeba, 8:300.
simulans, Ephemera (syn. HE. natata,
Paligeeus natata), 4:121; 14:
SU) ce
Psylla, 9: 398,
simulator, Thric olepis, 11 269. ~
Simuliidae, 2:112; 12:820.
Simulium, 11:283; 12:307, 320.
invenustum (syn. S. pecuarum),
5:314; 14:338'.
molestum, see S. venustum.
pecuarum, see 8. invenustum.
venustum (syn. S. molestum),
5:283, 317; 14:339°.
Sinea diadema, 1:331; 11:270.

singularis, Otiorhynchus (syn. O. ~
picipes), 2:52; 10:418; 11:269..

Sinoxylon, red shouldered (S.
basilare), 1:330; 11:268.

Sinoxylon basilare, 1:330; 2:127,
130; 11:268.

sinuata, Entilia, 9: 387.

sinuatus, Agrilus, 11:225, 286.

Platynus, 12:209. “4

| Siphocoryne capreae, 3:123.

pastinacae, 3:123, 151.
Siphonella obesa, 1:225. .
Siphonophora asclepiadis, see Aphis.

avenae, see Nectarophora gran-

aria.

granaria, see Nectarophora.

rudbeckiae, see Nectarophora.

solani, see ?Nectarophora.
solanifolii, see Nectarophora.

species, 10:512.

Sirex albicornis, see Urocerus.

siro, Tyroglyphus (syn. Acarus do-
mesticus, A. farinae, A. lactis,
Tyroglyphus farinae, T. sacchari), -
3:100, 129-30, 151; 5:291-95; 6:170;
7:357; 8:293; 11:256; 13:364°; 14:
316°, 3467, 361", 363°, 3645390

Sirrine, F. A., cited, 11:233, 242; in-
sects from, 10:517;-11 282

Sirthenea carinata, 4:113.

' Sitodrepa panicea (syn. Anobium, A.

obesum, Dermestes), 4:88-93, 197,
198, 207; 7:311; 9:440; 13:373*; 14:
3487, 3491, 357+, 374"

Sitona lineatus, European pea
weevil, 1:49.

Sitones lineatus. see Sitona.

Sitophilus, see Calandra.

Sitotroga cerealella (syn. Alucita,

A. granella, Anacampsis, Butalis,
Geiechia, _Oecophora granella,
Tinea granella, Ypsolophus
granellus), 1:299, 316; 2:102-10; 4:
17; 6:187, 190; 9:308; 10:377-86,
485, 492. 510; 12:351; 14:342°, 377°,
3798, 393".

Sium, see Water parsnip.

Skeleton bug, see Walking stick.

Skidmore, J. D., insects from, 138:
208.

Skinner, D. B., insects from, 4:208.

Skinner, H., 12:249.-
Skippers, cheese or ham, see Pio-
phila casei.

Skirret of Peru, Margaronia nitidalis
(syn. Eudioptis) on, 11:132.

Skunks, feeding on army worm, 12:
208; on Cicada pupae, 12:288.

Slade, Elisha, cited, 1:172.

Slingerland, M. V., cited, 9:318; 10:
378, 454; 11:205, 233, 242; 12:194,
254, 273; 13:353'; referred t6,<18:
855°, 355°.

Law

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Slocombe, Edwin, insects from, 9:
464. ASS
- Sloe,-hop fly on, 1:319.
Slosson, Mrs A. T., cited, 10:478; 12:
183; 13:338".
Slugs, 1:39, 42; '7:366.
smaragdula, Colaspidea, 11:269.
Smart, J. S., insects from, 9:468.
Smerinthus cerisyi, 9:451.
excaecatus, see Paonias.
geminatus, 9:451; 11:264;
al Bae
var. jJamaicensis, 9:451.
var. ocellatus, 9:451.
jamaicensis, see S. geminatus
var,
juglandis, see Cressonia.
ocellatus, see S. geminatus var.
opthalmicus, 9:451.
Smicra albifrons, 12:211.
gigantea, see Phasgonophora
suleata.
odontotae (Syn. Spilochalcis), 12:
267.
Smilax, Peridroma saucia
Agrotis) on, 5:205.
Smilia auriculata, see Archasia gal-
eata.
camelus (syn. S. vittata), 9:389.
castaneae, see Atymna.
guttata, 9:389.
inermis, seé Stictocephala.
inornata, see Atymna.
querci, see Atymna., |
vau, see Cyrtolobus.
vittata, see S. camelus.
Smith, C. A., insects from, 13:378'.
Smith, H. A., cited 1:110; 6:147.
Smith, Mrs H. B., insects from, 8:
140; 4:205, 206, 207; 5:326; 6:188,
189; '7:382, 383, 384; 8:300; 9:461,
462, 463, 464; 10:509, 510, 511,
512, 516, 519; 11:284; 12:359, 360,
Siete Goll. ole, ola, ole,
374°,
Smith, Mrs E. H., insects from, 12:
Bol:
Smith, Fred, insects from, 7:383.
Smith, J. B., cited, 4:36, 104; 5:227;
€:225, 247; 8:141; 9:318; -10:378,
388, 408, 454, 478; 11:173, 177, 216,
232, 62388, 241, 242; 12:183, 190,
203, 218, 230, 248, 258, 268, 272;
13:344°; insects from, 11:286; 12:
225, o615 quoted, 11:211, 225: 12:
289; referred to, 12:207, 210, 211,
224, 228, 201, 255, 269, 281: 13-332",
357°; Catalogue of insects found in
New Jersey, cited, 7:228; 10:478;
PL ASby 157, 477, 241; 122183, 190,
218, 238, 242, 248, 290; 138:335%,

14:

(syn.

575
338", 340°, 344°, 3537; referred to
12:344; Economic entomology,

cited, 11:110, 127, 146, 177, 233,
241, 242, 250; 12:190, 218, 230,
235, 248, 268, 272; List of Lepidop-
tera of Boreal America, cited, 8:
129% 40°63 (83-11 2127,- 150, 139,2942,
146, 152; 12:1838, 190, 214, 218; 13:
3448, ;

Smith, J. H. and Abbott, John,
Natural history of the rarer lepidop-
terous insects of Georgia, cited, 2:
687 4515) D174) 179). 183. 99268 72
225 NS Aso: onodo =

Smith, J. W., insects from, 8:299.

Smith, O. W., insects from, 10:511.

Smith, William, insects from, 4:207.

smithii, Cryptus (syn. Hemiteles), 1:

86.
Hemiteles, see Cryptus.

Smithsonian contributions to knowl-
edge cited, 2:182; 4:155.

Smithsonian miscellaneous collections
cited, 2:188; 12:248.

Smynthurus arvalis, 11°272.

hortensis, 1:322; 2:207.

Snails, '7:366; 14:368'.

Snake worm, 1:189; 5:264; 10:388,
390, 490.

Snapdragon, Poecilocapsus lineatus
ony tee Te

Snapping beetles, 1:68, 78, 314; 3:
101; 4:141; 7:351, 377; 8:199, 231;
12:354; 14:394°.

Snout beetle, 1:155, 254; 2:33, 140;

3:106, 139; '7:360; 10:417; 13: _
3743.
ovate,
Boe...

Snouted mites, 5:290.

Snow, F. H., cited, 1:99, 254; 11:
126, 134, 181.

Snow, G. C., insects from, 6:188,
189; 8:299.

10:416-19; 12:352; 14:

Snow flea, 1:298; 2:208-7, 244: 8:
266; 11:251-52; -12:357; 14:342°,
348°, 3961.

Snow fly, large, 1:298; 2:240; 14:

3437,
small, 1:298; 2:239; 11:288; 14:
343".

Snowball, insects on; .

-Oecanthus fasciatus, 6:189.
niveus, 6:189.

Snowberry, insects injurious to;
Cacoecia rosana, 10:516.
saw fly larva, 8:296.

Soap wort, insects injurious to;
Leucania unipuncta, 12:202.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.

| sobrina, Allorhina, 11:268.

576

Société entomologique de Belgique,
14:305'; Annales cited, 5:179, 1938;
Comptes rendus des séances de la,
cited, 12:230.

Société entomologique de France,
14:306?; Annales cited, 2:136; 4:
43, 104,444, 151: 5:300, 210; 10:
416; 11:109, 177, 241; Bulletin
cited, 11:166, 177, 240.

Société imperiale des naturalistes de
Moscou, 14:306'; Bulletin cited,
11:249.

Soja beans, Odontota dorsalis feed-
ing on, 12:266.
solani, Dorthesia,

binotata.
Megoura, see Rhopalosiphum.
Nectarophora (syn. Siphono-
phora), 3:122.
Rhopalosiphum (syn. Megoura),
3:121, 149; 14:345°, 345°.
Siphonophora, see Nectarophora.
solanifolii, Nectarophora (syn. Si-
phonophora), 3:122.
Siphonophora, see Nectarophora.
solannina, Aphis, of Europe, 3:122.
Solanum, wild, army worm feeding
on, 12:206.

Solanum dulecamara, see Bittersweet.
jasminoides, see Pepper vine.
Soldier beetle, margined, 4:84-88;

$13133; 24:35F:
Pennsylvania, 10:498; 12:362;
14:383°,

Soldier bug, 9:457; 14:314?.

spined, 6:187; 8:238; 14:3687.

Solenopsis geminata (syn. S. xyloni),

10:366; 11:264.

molesta, see Monomorium phar-
aonis.

xyloni, see S. geminata.

Solidago, see Golden rod.

Solidago gall moth, 2:39.

solita, Phytomyza, 7:248.

somnus, Nisoniades, see ?Thanaos.

Thanaos (syn. ?Nisoniades), 1:
336; 6:180; 14:306°, 3277.

Sonchus oleraceus, see Thistle, sow.

Soothsayers (Mantis), 4:160.

sordida, Tettix, 2:197.

Sorghum = saccharinum,
phora granaria (syn.
phora avenae) on, 5:252.

sororia, Lachnosterna, see L.micans.

Sorrel, see Dock.

Soule, C. G., cited, 12:194; 13:344".

Sour gum tree, injured by Antispila
nyssaefoliella, 11:157-59.

Sour gum tree case cutter, 11:157-
59; 12:357; 14:395°.

South Carolina agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 5:227.

see Enchenopa

Nectaro-
Siphono-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

‘South Dakota agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 10:
405; 11:182.

Southwick, E. B., cited, 8:152; 10:
3889; 12:254; 13:344*; referred to,
12:263; insects from, 9:462.

ie S. E., insects from, 12:

Spanish fly, 5:305; 6:131, 183; 14:
354".

Spanish potato, Margaronia niti-
dalis (Syn. Eudioptis) on, 11:132.
Sparrow, chipping, feeding on army

worm, 12:209.
English, 2:80-83; 11:274-75; 12:

209, 272, 289, 297; P4387,
387°. |
Spartina cynosuroides, Spheno-

phorus sculptilis on, 1:259.
speciosa, Bryobia, 11:372.
Orphuleila (syn. Stenobothrus
aequalis, S. bilineatus), 2:196.
speciosus, Arhopalus, see Plagio-
notus.

Clytus, see Plagionotus.

Glycobius, see Plagionotus.

Plagionotus, see Plagionotus

speciosus.

Sphecius, 10:515; 12:272, 359.
Specter insect, 1:111; 9:446.
Spectrum femoratum, see Diaphero-

mera femorata.
Spermophagus robiniae, 7:270.
Speyer, Adolph, cited, 2:90; 5:201.

speyeri, Cucullia, 9:456; 14:307',
S13

Sphaceloma ampelinum, . see An-
thracnose.

Sphaeria morbosa, see Black knot.

sphaerocephalus, Trichodectes, Ss
190; 10:5138.

Sphaerophoria cylindrica, 10:377.
Sphecidae, 7:238.
Sphecius speciosus, 10:515; 12:272,
359.
Sphenophorus, signification, 1:256.
caryosus, 1:261.
immunis, see S. ?placidus,
parvulus, 1:261.
pertinax, 1:261.
placidus (syn. S. immunis, S.
rectus, S. venatus Gay), 1:254,
25:
rectus, see S. placidus.
robustus, 1:261, 262.
sculptilis (syn. S. venata, S.
zeae); bibliography, 1:253-54;
depredations, 1:257-58; de-
scription of beetle, 1:255; de-
tailed account, 1:253-63; dif-
ferent names of, 1:254, 255;

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

577

Spiders, 4:114, 183; 8:289; 10:428-
29; 12:209, 352; 14:3477.
Spilochalcis odontotae, see Smicra.
Spilomyia fusea, 5:284; '7:229.
Spilosoma isabella, see Pyrrharctia.
latipennis, 9:455; 14:313°.
virginica, 1:317, 328; 2:83; 4:
206; G:169; 7; 228, 304, 305; 9:
440, 445; 10 481; 11:264; 13:
371°: 14: 3135, 360%, 374".
Spinach, insects injurious to; ;
beet leaf mining Anthomyiidae,

distribution, 1:258; earliest —
notice of injuries, 1:255-57;
food plants of allied species,
1:260; habits, 1:262; habits
of allied species, 1:260; injur-
ies underestimated, 1 eae
injury to corn, l 301-2 2, 305,
318; 2:16, 52-53, 231; larvae
of, to be found in corn, 1:262;
living in decayed wood ?1:258-
59; original food plant, prob-
ably wild grass, 1:259-60; 2:

58; reference, 1:301, 305, 310, 2-46,

318; 6:178; 7:376; 14:322?, Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gortyna),
826°, 3344, 3367; remedies, 1: PAI S191:

2638. Mamestra picta, 5:209.

spinigera, Acronycta, 11:265.

spinolae, Micropus, 1:302.

spinosa, Arma, see Podisus spinosus.

Sspinosus, Podisus (syn. Arma spi-
nosa), 1:331;..2:146;, 6:37; 8:238,

venata, see S. sculptilis.
venatus Say, see S. placidus.
zeae, see S. sculptilis.
Sphingicampa bicolor (syn. Anisota),
52199.

bisecta (syn. Anisota), 5:199; 7: 300; 9:457; 12:262; 14:3147, 3687.
Bes OO, a0: Spiraea, insects on;
heiligbrodti (syn. Anisota), 5: Aspidiotus perniciosus, 11:224,
199. 287.
Sphingidae, duration of life, 1:340; Attagenus piceus (syn. A, mega-
Stee Hieht of, £21195 list of N. Y. toma), 2:47.

carpet beetles, 11 173; 13:367°.
Hydroecia nitela (syn. Gor-
eats) bolts Stor:
Tetranychus telarius, 5:287.
red, Lycia cognataria (syn. Am-
phidasys) on, 2:101, 226.
Spiraea tomentosa, see Hardhack.
Spirobolus marginatus (syn. Julus,
J. americanus), 1:307; 3:134.
Spittle insects, 1:285; 4:120; 5:243-

species, 9:449; notes on, 10:507;
14:309'; parasites of, 8:187; refer-
ence, 1:83; 5:317; 9:450, 459; 11:
264; 14:311', 3307; scent organs
of, 1:71; sexual characters in
larvae, 2:214; species treated
of, 5:174-79; 8:242-44; studies in,
4:164, 173; undescribed larvae,
list (reference), 10:508.
Sphinx, blind eyed, 11:264.

five spotted, 7:379; 8:242, 243. 306; 7:365, 388; 8:300; 14:355%,
white lined, 1:119, 327; 11:264. BOC RSOr.
Sphinx canadensis (syn. S. plota), 4 Spix, J. B., cited, 2:116.
137; 14:350. splendoriferella, Aspidisca, 1:166,

330; 8:283; 11:159, 267; .14:371¢.
spoliana, Proteopteryx, 11:266.
Spondylidae injuring apple trees,

11 :268.

Sporotrichum entomophilum killing
Galerucella luteola, 12:258,

carolina, see Phlegethontius,

celeus, see Phlegethontius.

chersis (syn. S. cinerea), 7:318;
10:508; 14:309%.

cinerea, see S. chersis.

eingulata, see Phlegethontius.

drupiferarum, 1:327; 10:496, 262.
518; 11:264; 14:309°, 381°. globuliferum affecting chinch
eremitis, 10:508; 14:309°. bug, 12:262; 13:369*.

gordius, 1:327; 11:264.

insolita, 5:317; 14:307%, 339°.

kalmiae, 5: 177; 10 508, 515; 14:
309%. -

larvatum, 4:100.
Sprague, P. S., cited, 1:184.
Sprayers, power, for elm leaf beetle,
12:268; 14:350°.

myron, see Ampelophaga.
octomaculata, see Alypia.
pampinatrix, see Ampelophaga
- myron.
plota, see S. canadensis.
quinquemaculata, see
thontius celeus.

Phlege-

Spraying and insecticides, 9:432-36;

apparatus for, 4:202; 5:161;
arsenical, of fruit trees while
in blossom, 10:497; 14:3708;
directions for, 5:162, 239-40;
nozzles for, 5:161; of grapes,
harmless, 8:288, 329; opera-

578

tions,
literature on, 9:486; with cold
water, 7:344; with insecti-
cides, 9:414-18; 10:488.

foraphids, 52161, 256.3025. 8:
209, 210, 213; 10:428.

apple scab, 10:488.

codling moth, 9:417, 433; 10:487.

eurctlio, 7:358; 9:3838, 417.

elm leaf beetle, 5:239-40, 301.

fruit tree insects, 7:359; 14:
364°,

larch saw fly, 5:172.

pear tree blight, 10:488.

pear tree blister mite, 10:459.

pear tree Psylla, 8:220; 9:329.

quince tree blight, 10:488;

scale insects, 6:144;

See also Remedies and preven-
tives.

Spraying fruit trees while in blos-
som, apple pests to be combated
at this time, 11:120-22; blighting
of blossoms, 11:119; deadly to
bees, 11:117-18, 122-24; experi-
ments on, 11:117-18, 122-24; in-
terests involved diverse, 11:122;
legislation against, 11:119; value
of, to fruit grower, 11:120.

spretus, Caloptenus, see Melanoplus.

Melanoplus (syn. Caloptenus),
1:7, 195, 304, 382; 2:196; 4:21,
25; 6:152; 7:338; 9:3382; 10:489-
40 496; 11:271.

Spring canker worm, see Canker
worm.

Spring tails, 1:79; 2:207; 6: LfSsckt:
252; 14:3205, 3244

Spruce, insects injurious to;

Adelges species, 2:184, 185.
bark boring beetles, 2:53.
Chermes abietis (Syn. Adelges),
2:185.
strobilobius (syn. Adelges,
A. coccineus), 2:184.
Crypturgus pusillus (syn. C.
atomus), 4:24.
Dendroctonus rufipennis (syn.
Hylurgus), 2:54.
Geometrid larvae, 5:260.
Lygaeonematus erichsonii (syn.
Nematus), 5:171.
Melanolophia canadaria (syn.
Tephrosia), 4:21.
Notolophus leucostigma (syn.
Orgyia), 2:77.
Pissodes strobi, 9:345.

Polygraphus rufipennis (Syn.
Apate), 2:54.

Thyridopteryx ephemeraefor-
mis, 1:84.

Tortrix fumiferana, 4:22,

7:348-45; references to

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Spruce, insects injurious to;
Urocerus albicornis, 13 340°,
370", 371+.

Xylotrechus undulatus, 4:96.

black, bark boring beetles injur-
ing, 2:58.

Norway; insects injurious to;
Calopten us spretus, 4:25.
Pissodes strobi, 9:344. ‘ -

white, bark boring beeees injur- ~

ing, 2:53.

| Spruce borer, 4:96.

| Squash vine moth, 11:282.

Spruce bud worm, 4:22.
spumaria, Cicada, see Philaenus.
Biglgenus (syn. Cicada), 1:285;.

5:245.
spurns Attagenus, see A. piceus.
Spurge (Euphorbia cyathophora),

Ecpantheria fed on, 12:189.
Squash, insects injurious to;
Anasa tristis, 2:29; 3:110;6:1693.
8:205; 9:484; 10:494, 504.
Aphis gossypii (syn. A.
cumeris), 8:211.
eut worms, 5:157; 8:236.
Diabrotica 12-punctata, .12:348.
vittata, 8:298; 9:361.

Cu-

Epilachna borealis, 7:217; 8: 126.

Heliothis armiger, 1:120.
Ips quadrigu ttatus
fasciatus), 6:188.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:

229.
Margaronia nitidalis (Syn. Hu-
dioptis), 11:1382.
Melittia satyriniformis (syn. M.
ceto, M. cucurbitae), 2:57-68;
°138;- 5:155, .312,.313 335. ee
4 :341; 9:434; 11-135: 44oiee
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
Thrips tabaci, 11:244.

| Squash beetle, striped (Diabrotica
vittata), 2:231; 14:334°.

Squash bug, 1 39, 47,
O22: 2:29, 165; 3:110-12, 147; 4:
110, 204; 6:169; 8:205-7, 278, 2883.
9:484; 10:494, 497, 504; 11:282,
287; 13:374';~ 14:3451, “3527, s00,
369°, Sia, oo0°; S82, 3805.
See also Anasa tristis.

Squash Coccinella, 1:322.

Squash vine borer, 2:28, 57-68; 5:
155, 312, 313,.320: GATG. tse)
434; 11:135, 282; 14319-- a2
3374, - 337, .342,. 360°, 3625 eaa0e
See also Melittia satyriniformis.

Squill, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:92.

Squirrels, gray, feeding on Cicada
pupae, 12:288.

Stag beetle, 1:330; 5:228; 11:268.

Stagmomantis carolina (syn. Mantis,
M. inquinata), 4:158, 162, 198; 7:
357 ; 8:300; 14:347°, 3587.

(syns Fe

63, 306, 316, —

—
.

Stainton, H. T., Manual of British
butterflies and moths cited, 2:102;
5:200; 11:145; referred to, 11:149;
Tineina of North America
(Clemens) cited, 1: 81, 151, 157; 2:
102 be215> 1 A157, 160.

Stil, Carl, Enumeratio Hemipterorum

eited, 1:264; 2:145; ee 156; 10:432,
Stalk borer, 1:110-16; 2:26: 8 :149;

mea0ts- G1TG6, 178s VL317;8: 112, 191-
92; 10:374, 497; 14:8227, 3267, 326°,
Bae 2 oa. o4D, toot’. “See. also
Hydroecia nitela.

Standard natural history (Riverside
natural history) cited, 2:165; 4:
80, 107, 120; 5:227, 284, 242; '7:256,

~ 280, 296; 8:152; 9:300, 330; 10:388,
i ft 109. 127, 134, 175, 240212:
191, 218, 285, 288, 264; 13:348°.

Stanford, EH. H., insects from, 13:
Sy (ites

Stanley, T: A., insects from, 10:511.

Staphylinidae, 1:69, 187; 5:308.

Staphylinus cinnamopterus, 1:188.

Starr, Francis, insects from, 10:517,

State entomologist, Reports, contents
of, ist, 14:335°; 2d, 14:342?; 3d,
14,:3518; 4th, 14: 357): 5th, 14:362';
6th, 14:367°; 7th, 14:374+; 8th, 14
pom Oth, £4.:383"; . 10th, 14:392';
Pith et oos ; 12th,.14:398°; 13th,
14:3998.

State museum, see New York state

- museum.

Staudinger, Otto and Wocke, M. —.,
Catalogue ou Bnuméraiion. Méthodi-
que des Lépidoptcres qui habitent le
Territoire de la Fauna Européene
cited, 11:146.

Steam apparatus for spraying, 12:
268.

Stegania
stegania.

Steganoptycha claypoliana (syn.

Proteoteras, Sericoris instru-
tana in error), bibliography,
12:214; confused with allied
form, 12:215-16; description,
12:216; habits compared with
ally, 12:217; in petioles of
maple leaves, 12:215; life his-
tory, 12:216-17; reference, 10:
483; 11:278, 285; 14:389*, 399%;
remedies, 12:211.

pyricolana, 11:266..

Stelidota geminata, 11:285.

Stellaria, see Chickweed.

Stene ferruginea, see Tribolium fer-
rugineum.

Stenobothrus, sense organs in, 1:69,

aequalis, see Orphulella spe-
ciosa.

pustularia, see Physo-

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

579

Stenobothrus bilineatus, see Orphu-
lella speciosa.

eurtipennis, 2:197.
maculipennis, see Orphulella
pelidna,
propinquans, see Orphulella
pelidna.
stenocorus putator, see Elaphidion
villosuim.

Stenocranus dorsalis (syn. Delphax),
9:386, 410.
Stenoma schlaegeri
leehia), 9:456.
Stephens, J. I, Illustrations of Brit-
ish entomology—H austellata cited, 1:
81; Manual of British Coleoptera
cited, 7 :279.
Stereum complicatum , fungus
peach, 2:7; '7:374.: .*
Sternidius alpha, sce Liopus. :
Stettiner Hntomo.ogische Zeitung cited,
2:90, 198, 208; 4:114; 5:164, 201; 7:
225; 11:160, 234, 240.
Stevia, Plusia rogationis (syn. P.
dyaus) on, 2:94.
Stewart, H., insects from, 10:517
Stibeutes gentilis, 12:211.
sticticus, Brachytarsus,
variegatus.
Stictocephala inermis (syn. Smilia),
1:284; 9:388, 410.
stigma, Anisota, 3:91;
stigmatus. Cixius, 9:385.
interstinctana,

(syn. Crypto-

on

sée7 B

52197, 199.
Stigmonota see
Grapholitha.

Stillman, C, L., insects from, 8:298.
stimulans, Cuiex, 12:321.

stimulea Hmpretia, see Sibine.

Sibine (syn.. Empretia), 1:828;
52186; 188s 6.1872" F:3aSis “9:
Add: 11-364: 13 :3718; 14:318°

Stink bugs, 10:481.
Stink horn fungus,
cana on, 11:285.

Stiretrus anchorage, 2:146.

Stoll, Casper, Swpplementband zu
Cramer’s Papillon exotiques cited,
123:183,

Stomoxys caleitrans, 1:299; 5:221,
22 22308321 odes OLS. oF
444; 12:337; 18 372°: 14: 376°,

cervicola MS., Be 308.

cornicola MS., 5:220, 222,308, 310.

Stone, Dwight, insects from, 8:297;

BASH:

Stonecrop, Thrips tabaci on, 11:244,

Storm, W. W., insects from, 7:383.

Strachan, Charles, cited, 13:3537.

Strachia festiva (syn. S. ornata), 1

270.
histrionica, see Murgantia.
ornata, see S. festiva.

Silpha ameri-

580

stramentalis, Mesographa, see Ever-
gestis straminalis.

stramentosa, Gortyna, see Hy-
droecia.
Hydroecia (syn. Gortyna), 1:
Gly

straminalis, Evergestis (syn. Meso-
grapha stramentalis), 3:140; 9:
456; 10:488; 14,:3137.

Strategus julianus, '7:249.

Stratiomyidae, 4:174.

Stratton, A. H., insects from, 10:
518; 11:285, 287, 288; 12:360, 361;

= 013 -373°..

Straub, F., insects from, 10:509.

Strawberry, insects, etc., injurious
to:

Agrotis ypsilon, 8:190.

Allorhina nitida, 1:237; 6:183.

Anarsia lineatella, 1:155; 7:367,
3875; 14:3208.

? Anisodactylus, 9:431.
Anthonomus signatus (A. mus-
culus in error), 3:1389; 9:431.
Bembidium quadrimaculatum,

3:98, 140, 146; 14:344".
Bibio albipennis, 2:1138.
Cetonia aurata of Europe, 1:
Deelie
Colaspis brunnea, 6:183.
Corimelaena pulicaria, 5:319; 8:
213; 14:382°.
Cotalpa lanigera, 6:183.
Euphoria inda, 1:237.
Harpalus species ?, 9:462.
Harpiphorus maculatus (syn.
Emphytus), 1:42; 13:3367.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Lachnosterna fusca, 6:183; 9:
296.
species, 11:286.
Leucania unipuncta, 12:206.
Lygus pratensis, 5:275; 13:351°,
353”.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 9:
420
Mamestra picta, 5:209.
Monostegia ignota, 9:481.
Nectarophora fragariae (as
strawberry aphis), 6:183.
Nysius angustatus, 5:321.
Otiorhynchus ovatus, 6:189; 7:
360; 10:416, 418.
suleatus, 2:51; 18:374°.
tenebricosus, 2:52.
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),
5 :205.
Serica tristis, 14:371°.
Systena frontalis, 4:156.
taeniata (Syn. S. blanda), 4
156.
thousand legged worms, 1:307.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Strawberry, insects, etc.,
to;
Thrips species, 11:249, 250; 14;
348%,

injurious

Tyloderma fragariae, 6:183; 10:
418.

Typophorus canellus (syn: Paria
aterrima), 6:183, 188; '7:360;
9:468; 10:495; 14:381?.

Strawberry aphis, 6:183.
Strawberry crown borer (Tyloder-
ma), 1:155; 10:418; 142320°, 3297.
Strawberry crown girdler, 10:418.
Strawberry leaf folder, 4:16.
Strawberry leaf roller, neat, 11:266.
Strawberry root beetles, 2:35.
Strawberry root borer (Anarsia), 1
JIBS).
Strawberry Thrips, 4:198.
Strawberry weevil, 10:511.
Strawberry worm (Emphytus), 1:42.
Strawsonizer, an insecticide ma-
chine, 9:417-18.
Stretch, R. H., Illustrations of the
Zygaenidae and Bombycidae of
North America cited, 5:180; 12:183.
striata, Gypona, 9:410. °

Sciophila, 10:392.

Thrips, erroneous reference of
T. tabaci:

Strickland,R.W., insects from, 12:359.
Strickland, W.J.,insects from, 6:187.
strigosa, Thecla, see T. liparops.
strigosus, Bittacus, 10:473-80; 12:
352; 14,:393%.
striolata, Haltica,
vittata.

Phylotreta, see P. vittata.

strobi, Bythoscopus, see Phlepsius.

Eriosoma, see Lachnus.

see Phyllotreta

Lachnus (syn. Eriosoma,
Schizoneura), 938:125; 9:409,
44412:

Phlepsius (Syn. Bythoscopus), 9
398, 410.

Pissodes, 3:141; 4:20, 23; 9:344-
45; 10:498; 14:383%.

Schizoneura, see Lachnus.
strobilobius, Adelges, see Chermes.
Chermes (syn. Adelges coccin-
eus, Chermes atratus, C. lari-
cis), 1:46; 2:183, 184, 185, 187.
Strong, Joseph, insects from, 11:288.
Strong, W. R., insects from, 11:286;
Wey souls.
Strymon titus (syn. Thecla), 7:219.
Stuart, C. W., reference, 13:3597.
Sturgis, Fred, insects from, 10:516. *
Sturgis and Britton cited, 12 7254.
Sturm, Jacob, Deutschlands Fauna
cited, 2:136.
stygius, Asellus, 9:348.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS _ 581

Stylopidae, parasitic on wasps and ; Sumac gall aphis, 10:503; 12:290-92;
bees, 1:79.. ; 14,:399".

Stylopyga orientalis, see Periplaneta. Summers, H. E., cited, 13:353°.

subarmatus, Bruchus, erroneus Sun [New York] cited, 8:141, 283;

reference of B. obtectus. 14:3713. >
subbifasciata, Coelidia, see Jassus Sunday morning press [Albany]

olitorius. é cited, 14:310°.
subellipticus, Bruchus, see B. obtec- Sunflower, insects affecting;

tus. ay Murgantia histrionica, 2:56.
subfureata, Panorpa, 10:478. Trypeta longipennis, 3:137.
subgothica, Agrotis, see Feltia. wild, Ecpantheria ocularia (syn.

Feltia (syn. Agrotis), 1:308, 340; | | E. scribonia) feeding on, 12:189.
10:377, 482, 519; 12:360. supernotatus, Psenocerus, 1:321,
subjuncta, Hadena, see Mamestra. Bad; 62138; 12-268:
Mamestra (syn. Hadena), 1:58; | surinamensis, Silpha, 12:361.
8:235; 11:265. Silvanus, 1:40, 330; 6:107, 188;
subsericea, Formica, 12:182; 14: 7:331; 9:308, 462; 10:495; 11:

3997. 267; 12:361; 13:3737; 14:380°.
subsignarius, Ennomos (Syn. Survey of the Adirondack region of

Geometra niveosericearia), 1:329; New York, Report (Colvin) cited,

269s (oO). 115215121, 266. 2:90.
subspinosus, Macrodactylus, see suturalis, Hispa, erroneous refer-

Macrodactylus subspinosus, ence of Odontota dorsalis.
Melolontha, see Macrodactylus. Idiocerus, 9:399.
succinctus, Capsus, see Largus. Odontota, erroneous reference
Cimex, see Largus. of O. dorsalis.
Largus (syn. Capsus, Cimex, C. Tomicus, 2:54.
rubrocinctus, Lygaeus), 2:164-- | suturellus, Dysdercus (syn. Pyr-
67; 6:183; 14:329°%, 342°. rhocoris), 2:166; 6:183.
Lygaeus, see Largus. Pyrrhocoris, see Dysdercus.
Suctoria, 4:190, 191. Swallow tail, yellow banded, 9:336;
. Sugar mite, 3:129; 5:294; 8:298. 10:498; 14:3837.
suis, Haematopinus, see H. urius. Sweet, W. W., insects from, 5:325.
suleans, Anthomyia, see Pegomyia Sweet alyssum, see Alyssum, sweet.

betae. Sweet brier galled by Rhodites, 11:
sulcata, Phasgonophora (syn. 281; 14:3907.

Smicra gigantea), 1:86. Sweet flag, Sitodrepa panicea in, 4:
suleatum, Orthosoma, see O. brun- 92.

neum. : Sweet pea, see Pea, sweet.
sulcatus, Otiorhynchus, 2:51; 10: Sweet potato beetle, 14:366*.

418; -11:269; 13:374°. Sweet potato weevil, 3:154; 14:347’.
sulcifrons, Tabanus, 9:462. Swine feeding on army worms, 12:
Sulfur, plugging trees with, 5:300; 208.

10:495; 14:353%, 3817, 3907. Swinnerton, H. U., insects from, 4:
sulphurea, Arphia, 9:330. 205; 5:324, 325; 8:296.

Sumac, insects affecting; Swiss Cross, abstracts from, 4:195;
Datana conspicua, 7 :382. 9:448; 14:347°.
Pemphigus rhois (syn. Mela- Sycamore, insects injurious to;;
phis), 10:503; 12:290; 14:385°, Corythuca ciliata, 4:107, 108.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277. Halisidota tessellaris, 5:308.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:143. Tremex columba, 2:227; 4:38.
smooth, insects affecting; sycophanta, Anthonomus, 5:178.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1: Calosoma, 10:491; 14:379".
230. sylvatica, Clisiocampa, see C. dis-
Pemphigus rhois, 12:291. stria.
staghorn, insects affecting; sylvaticana, Argyrolepia, see Ypsolo-
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1: phus pometellus.
230. Symmerista albifrons (syn. Edema),
Orthaltica copalina, 5:271. 9:456; 14:313°.

Pemphigus rhois (syn. Mela- Symphoricarpum racemosus, _ see
phis), 3:142; 12:291. Snowberry.

582 —

Sympiezus uroplatae, 12:267.
Synchlora albolineata, see S. glau-
caria. >
glaucaria (syn. Aplodes, A. rubi-
vora, HEunemoria_ gracilaria,
Synchlora albolineata, S. rubi-
vora, §. rubivoraria), 8:105,
129-33; 285; 10:497; -14::372°
382’.
= rubivora, see S. glaucaria.
rubiveraria, see S. glaucaria.
Synchroa punctata, 11:269.
Synelys enucleata (syn. Acidalia),
10:483. :
Syneta albida, 11:269.
Syngamus trachealis,
3438, 345%.
synochitis, EHrastia, 10:482.
Syracuse journal citéd, 11:182.
Syracuse morning standard cited, 6:
178; 14,:327:.
Syracuse union
3845. et,
Syringa, insects injurious to;
Mytilaspis pomorum, 11:287.

3:142; 14:3437,

cited,

Podosesia syringae, 9:338.
Syringa borer, 9:338; 10:498; 14:
383".
syringae, Podosesia, 9:338, 461; 10:
498; 14:383',

Syrphid larvae preying on plant lice,
12:350; 13:362°.
Syrphidae.- rat tail larvae of, 6:178;

8:287; refel rence, 1:168; 5 :284: fe
oN SG; 1 O35 1 VLOG: scarcity OF
12:308; eiccies treated of, 1:211-

16; 2:116-17;
4.:174; 7:229.
Syrphus arcuatus, 11:284.
Syrphus flies, 1:302, 813; 2:186; 38:
116; 7:363; 9:440; 11:276.
Systasia (syn. Lintneria), 7:371.
Systena, red headed, (S. frontalis),
4,:156.
Systena bitaeniata, sce S. taeniata.
blanda, see S. taeniata.
elongata, 9:344.
frontalis,-4:156; 9:297, 343, 344,
422, 463; 10:498; 14:383°.

hudsonias, 13:373°.

6 ligata, sec S. taeniata,

marginalis, 4:156.

mitis, sce S. taeniata.

ochracea, see S. taeniata.

taeniata (syn. S. bitaeniata, S.
blanda, S. ligata, S. mitis, S.
ochracea), 4:155-57, 198, 207;
9:344, 375; 14:348°, 3587,

7 :228-84; studies in,

tabaci, Thrips, see Thrips tabaci.
Tabanidae, 4:174; 6:116; 7:219,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

rupta. -
Tachina fly, 11:188; 12:210.
10:500; 14:.

| Roheae Linnean genus, 1 191,
atratus, 7 364-411 285; 13 ‘3727: ;
14:366°.
bovinus, 4:199; 6: 115.
lineola, 9:462.
reinwardtii, 13-3718
sulcifrons, 9:462.
| Taber, W. F., insects from, 10:516.
Tachina mella (syn. T. orgyiae), 2
78.
orgyiae, see T. mella. : eS
species parasitic on bag worm, ei
1:87; on cut worms, 8:238; on =
hag moth caterpillar, 5:192; a
on vagabond Crambus, 1:145- _
46; on violet Nephelodes, i
103, 110. ae
vivida, see Bombyliomyia ab- ;

red tailed, 12:210.
yellow tailed, 12:210.

Tachinidae, beneficial, 8:275; para-
sitic on cut worms, 5:323; on 1T-
year Cienda, 2:178; reference, 1:
145; 5:285.

Tachypterus quadrigibbus (syn.
Anthonomus), 1:60, 331; 4:201; 6:
174; 9:419; 11:270; 14:324°.

Tachys incurvus, 5: 303; 14:3547,

renee Systena (syn. §S. bitaeni-

ata, S. blanda, S. ligata, S. mitis, Ee
Ss. ochracea), 4:155-57, 198, 207 ,
9:344, 375; 14::348°, 3587 fe
Taeniocampa alia (syn. Orthosia in- =
stabilis), 1:328; 11:265. 3
pacifica, 11: 260d. .
rufula, 11:265. .
taeniopus, Oscinis, 1:225. ar
taeniorhynchus, Culex (syn. C. dam- ee
nosus), 12:321.
Taft, L. R., and Davis, G. C., cited, :

12:254.

talidiformis, Crambodes, 10:482.
Tamarack, see. Larch.
tamarisci, Nanophyes, 4:154.
Tamarix, Nanophyes-tamarisei in-
festing, 4:154.
Tanacetum, see Tansy. ;
Tanner, M., insects from, 13:371°
Tansy, insects, frequenting;
Coleothrips trifasciata, 1:303.
Phytomyza chrysanthemi (P. —
lateral’s in error), 4:73.
Poecilocapsus lineatus, 1:277.
tarandi, Oedemagena, 6:111.
Taraxacum, see Dandelion.
tarquinius, Feniseca, see
tarquinius.
tarsata, Hylemyia, a Fes lege ©

Feniseca

' oF a 7
oe eS Peete ae ee eee

+
pI

’

-Tartarian honeysuckle,

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

jurious to;
saw fly, 1:42.
- Zaraea inflata, 1:42.
Tartarian honeysuckle ‘berries,

army worm moths feeding on, 12:
202203:

Taschenberg, H. L., Brehms Tier-
leben, Neunter Band, Die Insekten,
Tausendfiisser und Spinnen cited,
LPs175, 178, 241,.250.

Tassel warm, 1:121.

tau, Aglia, of Europe,
3435.

taurina, Ceresa, 1:331; 11:270.

Taylor, A. C., insects from, 8:299.

Taylor, R. @., insects from, 10:510.

Telamona, genus defined, 9:390.

ampelopsidis, 9:391.
eoneava, 9:390.
eoryli (Syn. T. tristis),
410,
- fagi, see Heliria scalaris.
fasciata (syn. T. unicolor), 9
390, 410.
monticola (syn. T. querci), 9:
3891, 410.
querci, see T. monticola.
reclivata, 9:391.
tristis, see T. coryli.
unicolor, see T. fasciata,
fer ins, Tetranychus, 2:31; 3:129;
4:203; 5-287, azl; 6:159;-8:255;. 9:
432: il: 249; 14:2 341°, 350°, 351%.

Telea polyphemus, 2:77; 3: 140; 9:

s 400; 103481; 4938, 515; .11:265, 285;
13:350°; 14.:313°, 380.

Telenomus, parasite of Orgyia

. (Notolophus) and Anasa eggs, 2:

clea Sy co mee A A

Telephoridae, 4:85; 8:174.

eee larvae from a well, 8:

74.
Telephorus bilineatus, 8:109, 173-74,
298; 10:497; 14:382".
earolina, 8:173.

Temnostoma alternans, 7:229.

tenax, Eristalis (syn. MHelophilus),

oe ee 1 6188: 7229, 233, - 363;

382; 9:462; 10:510, 519; 11:
284; 13:3728; 14,:3667.
Helophil uS, See Hristalis.
tenebricosus, Aspidiotus,
22224.
Otiorhynchus, 2:52.°
Tenebrio molitor, 2:138; 4,:200, 207;
8:110, 176-77, 299, 300; 9:308,

9:39,

10:518;

Beet O93. V4:3504, 875",
Bee
obseurus, 8: 110, 177; 9:307-9,

442, 463; 10:498; 14: 3758, 383",
tenebrioides, Zabrus (syn. Z. gib-
bus), of Europe, 3:99,

insects in-

5:188: 18:

583

Tenebrioides corticalis, 11:267.

mauritanieca, 4:207; 12:362.
nana (syn. Trogosita),1:380; 11:
267.
Tenebrionides, 1:69; 2:136, 189; 4:
23; on apple, 11:269.
tenera, Cycnia (syn, Huchaetes col-
laris), 9:455; 14:318°.
Tennessee, Report on the economic -
entomology of (Doran), cited, 7:256.
Tennessee agricultural experiment
station, Bulictin cited, 12:278; 18:
353°.
Tent caterpillars, see Apple tree tent
eaterpillar, Forest tent caterpillar.
Tenthredinidae, 1:42, -249; 8:87-90;
4:44; 5:164,- 178, 197; 7:228, 238,
354; 13:335°-87°
Tenthredo rufopectus (syn. Allan-
tus) bibliograp! hy, 13:3385°; boring
habits of larva, 18:336°; descrip-
tion, 13:336°-87°; | distribution,
13:337'; injuring currants, 13:335';
life history and habits, 13:337°;
reference, 12:308, 359; 14:3998,
400°; remedy, 13:337°.
Tephritis. melliginis,
viridulans.
onopordinis, 1:49,
Tephroclystis luteata
thecia), 4:20, 21:
Tephrosia, eS organs, 1:72.
eanadaria, see Melano lophia.
Teras mado inte. sec T. minuta var.
malivorana, see T..minuta. —
minuta (syn. T. malivorana), 1
S293. bE 121 266.
var. cinderella (syn. T. cin-
_derella), 1:329; 11:266.
oxyeoccana, 11:266.
terentius, Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 1
334.
tergata, Cecidemyia, see Diplosis.
Chlorotettix (syn. Bythoscopus
tergatus), 9:398, 410. .
Diplosis (syn. Cecidomyia), 1:
20
tergatus, Bythoscopus,
tettix tergata.
Termes divinatorium,
divinatoria.
flavipes, 9:454; 11:272; 14:312°.
terminalis, Rhogas, 12:192, 211.
terminatus, Scymnus, 2:186.
Termitidae. 4:176.
ternarius, Bombus, 11:104.
ternata, Choisya, 9:461.
terrestris, Lumbricus (earth worm),
f Mes Weel ae Ss 2a
terricola, Bombus, il: 104.
tesselatum, Anobium, see Xestobium
rufovillosum.

see Rivellia

52.

(syn. EHupi-

see Chloro-

see Atropos

584

tessellaris, Halisidota, 5:308; 10:
481; 14:356°.
tessellata, Agrotis, see Carneades.
Carneades (syn. Agrotis, A. ni-
ericans var. maizi), 7:375, 382;
11:265; 14:321°.
Eriosoma, see Pemphigus.
Pemphigus (syn. EHriosoma,
Schizoneura), 2:181; 3:125; 4:
208; 8:109, 170; 9:346-47, 408,
411, 413, 468; 10:498; 14:383%.
Pyrgus, see Hesperia montivaga,
Schizoneura, see Pemphigus.
testacea, Clastoptera, see C. obtusa.
testaceum, Tribolium, see T. ferru-
gineum.
tethys, Catodaulis (Syn. Daimio), 1
336.°

Daimio, see Catodaulis.
tetracantha, Homalomyia, 1:171.
Tetracis crocallata, 10:483.

lorata, see Sabulodes.
tetragrammicus, Myrmeleon, 11:240.
Tetramorium caespitum, 11:118.
Tetranychus telarius, 2:31; 3:129; 4:

DSS aeZols) aol “Osan: “O27 OF
432; 11:249; 14:341°, 350°, 3514.
Tetrastichus fraterna (syn. Tricho-
gramma), 1:308; 2:79.

orgyiae, 2:79.

parasitic on Cecidomyia, 4:27,

205.

species, 11:165.

Tettigonia, three dotted, 9:395.
Tettigonia bifida, 9:395.
octolineata, see Gypona.

rosae, see Typhlocyba.

tripunctata, 9:395.

vitis, see Typhlocyba comes var.
Tettigonides, 9:396, 402.
Tettigoniidae, Fitch species, 1:300.
Tettix cucullata, 2:197.

granulata, 2:197.

ornata, 2:197.

sordida, 2:197.

species, 9:330.

triangularis, 2:197.

Texas cattle tick, 6:156.

Texas fly (Haematobia serrata), 5:
220, 226, 307, 30837 338; 14:3567.

texensis, Achorutes, see Schoturus.

Schoturus (syn. Achorutes), 2

206.
textor, Hyphantria, see H. cunea.
textula, Heterogenea, see H. flex-
uosa.
Thacker, W.
360.
Thalessa atrata (syn. Rhyssa), 2:227,
230; 4:37, 40, 41; 5:305; 9:454:
10:509; 11:279, 284; 13:367,

A., insects from, 12:

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

35 @
397°.
lunator (syn. Ichneumon, Pim-
pla, Rhyssa), 2:227; 4:35-41,
205;°57305,.31; 6:1 teaiee:
163-66; .9:454; 10:497; 11:279,
284; 12: :262, 359; 14: 33,98 337',
355°, 3577, 382%, 389°,
nitida, 4:41. «
nortoni, 4:41.
quebecensis, 4:41.
Thamnotettix, clitellarius (syn. By-
thoscopus), 9:398, 410.
Thanaos, 14:336+.
afranius (syn. Nisoniades), 14:
307°, 321%.
ausonius (syn. Nisoniades), 9
449; 14:306%, 311°.
brizo (syn. Nisoniades), 1:336,
337; 7:315; 14:321%
funeralis (syn. Nisoniades), 1
333, 334, 336; '7:375; 14:321+.
horatius (syn. Nisoniades, N. vir-
gilius), 1:334.
icelus (syn. Nisoniades), 1:335,
336, 3387; 6:180; 7:375; 9:449;
14:3067, 314+, 321 32
juvenalis (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
333, 3384, 335, 338; 6:180; 7:
315; 14:321°° 327:
lucilius (syn. Nisoniades), 1:336;
7:375; 9:449; 14:306, Sia,
Bais
martialis (syn. Nisoniades), 1
334; 7:375; 14:3217*.
naevius (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
333, 334, 336; 6:180; 14:307’,
Bote
pacuvius (syn. Nisoniades), 7
375; 14:3077, 321%.
persius (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
334, 335, 336; 4137 er sae
449; 14:321+, 3507, 357°.
petronius (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
334; 6:180; 14:3077, 3277.
propertius (syn. Nisoniades), 1
334, 335; 6:180; 14:327°.
somnus (syn. Nisoniades), 1:
336; 6:180; 14:3068, 327’, +
terentius (syn. Nisoniades), 1

14:332°, 3337, 335°, 361°,

334.
tristis (syn. Nisoniades), 14:
Sons

Thanasinus dubius, 4:142; 14:350°,
Bot

tharos, Phyciodes, 4:137.

Thaxter, Dr Roland, cited, 1:99; 11:
242, 250; insects from, 7 :382.

thaxteri var. lambda, Xylina, 7:375;
14:321°.

Thecla, streaked, 1:327; 11:264.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Thecla arsace, see Incisalia irus.
ealanus, 11:264.
henrici, see Incisalia irus.
irus, see Incisalia.
liparops (syn. T. strigosa), 1:327;

‘4:1387; '7:219; 11:264; 14:357°.
strigosa, see T, liparops.
titus, see Strymon.
Theclinae, sexual character in, 2:
214.-
Thelaxes, 3:151.,
ulmicola, see Colopha.
Thelia, two spotted, 9:3892.
Thelia bimaculata, 1:284; 9:392.
binotata, see Enchenopa.
crataegi, 1:284; 9:392; 11:270.
univittata, 1:284; 9:392.
Thelyphonus giganteus, 6:190.
Theobald, F. V., An account of
British flies cited, 8:141; 10:388;
PPG.

Theoeclytes chlorophaea (syn. Man-
tis), 4:162.

Therioplectes cinctus, 13:372°.
Thermobia furnorum (syn. Lepisma
domestica), 4:179; 6:190; 10:519.

theseusalis, Botis, see Pyrausta.
Pyrausta (syn. Botis), 10:483.

Thistle, insects affecting;
Blissus leucopterus, 2:149.
Hydroecia cataphracta

Gortyna), 1:115.

sow, Phytomyza chrysanthemi
(P. lateralis in error) mining,
4:77.

thomae, Sciara, 5:264; 10:390.

Thomas, A. T., insects from, 3:141.

Thomas, Cyrus, cited, 1:116, 228,

238, 239, 264; 2:57, 89, 126, 149,
180, 188; 4:20, 158; 5:207, 227, 246,
2538; 6:147; 7:255, 279; 9:317; 10:
408; 12:191, 285, 237, 248, 290, 291;
13:352*; quoted, 12:314.

Thomas, G. H., insects from, 6:188.

Thomas, R, W., insects from, 6:189.

Thompson, EH. H., cited, 12:193.

Thompson, Mrs G. B., insects. from,

13 :3757.

thoracica, Cecidomyia, see, Diplosis.

_Chrysopila, 9:462.
Clisiocampa, see C. disstria var.
Diplosis (syn. Cecidomyia), 1:
297.
Oedionychis, 18:373°.
Silpha, of Europe, 4:180.
thoracicus, Anthrenus, see A. scroph-
ulariae var.
aoe Samuel, insects from, 11:
85.
oe black, Quince curculfo on,

e {

(syn.

e

585

Thorn apple leaf miner, 1:330; 11:
267

Thorn bush tree hopper, 1:284; 11:
270.

Thorn curculio (Anthonomus
crataegi), 1:331; 11:270.

Thorn leaf Aphis, 9:406.

Thorybes electra (Syn. Hudamus), 1:
338; 6:179; 14:3077, 327%, 336%.

Thousand legged worms, attacking

garden vegetables, 1:307; attack-
ing geraniums, 5:307; attacking
lilies, 9:372, 441; beneath carpets,
5:296; in greenhouses, 12:300-3,
349; in nursery, 2:229; in potatoes,
3:131-33; 10:445-49, 487, 489; refer-
ence, 4:128; 8:199, 231; 14:3337,
3558, 375°, 377°, 391°; remedies for,
3:134-35.
thraso, Anchylodes, 1:3386.
Thricolepis simulator, 11:269.
Thripidae, characters of, 11:247;
classification, 1:79; 2:31; 8:254;
general habits, 2:31; literature of,
11:247-50; reference, 1:308; 14:
348°; species treated of, 11:241-47;
studies in, 2:56.
Thrips, 11:247; 14:354".
three banded, 1:303.
Thrips allii, see Thrips tabaci.
cerealium, 1:303; 11:248, 249.
secalina, 11:246.
species attacking cabbage, 9:
445; depredating on apple
tree, 1:332; fungus attacking,
7:316; injuring grass, 3:97-98;
5:304; in Lasioptera galls, 4:
66; 11:249; in strawberry
blossoms, 4:198; on wheat, 1:
303; reference, 7:366, 384; 9:
877; 11:241, 242, 249.

striata, erroneous reference of

T. tabaci.
tabaci (syn. T. allii; T. striata
and JLimothrips tritici in

error), 11:241-47; 12:357; 13:
363°; 14:3767, 395°, 400%.

tritici, 1:303; 11:248, 249, 250,
Faia ;

“Thrips” (leaf hoppers), attacking
grapes, 5:302; 8:253-56; 9:430; in
green houses, 2:29-30; 5:302; on
rose leaves, 8:256-57; remedies, 2:
29-30, 38.

Throop, Mrs C. W., insects from,
11:288.
Thrushes feeding on Cicada, 12:

289.
thuiella, Bucculatrix, 1:162,
Thuja, Bucculatrix thuiella on, 1:
162

occidentalis, see Arbor vitae.

586

Thunberg, C. P., Géttingische gelehrte
Anzeigen unter Aufsicht der Konigl.
Gesellschaft .der Wissenschaften
cited, 12:264.

Thunbergia, Tetranychus, telarius
on; 5:28T.

thyatiroides, Plusia, 10:377.

Thymelicus genus, 7:371.

lineola (syn. Hesperia), 4:127.

Thyreus abbotii, 2:214; 5:175, 177,

306, 324; 6:187; '7:381; 9:451, 461;—

10-5025 509; +11. :280: 12235952 93:
STL IBID. B50", OSD > OOO:
thyridopterigis, Hemiteles, 1:85.
Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis
(syn. Aegeria, Hymenopsyche
coniferarum, Oiketicus, Sphinx),
bag or larval case, 1:81-83; bib-
liography, 1:81; classification of,
difficulties in, 1:83-84; detailed
account, 1:81-87; distribution, 1:
84; food plants, 1:84, 328; 4:20,21;
general account (abstract), 4:203-
4; 5:321;: 6:177; 10:494; natural
enemies, 1:84-87; on quince, 7:306;

Oviposition of, 2:74-75; reference,
G1 -- 62187? 7:38L5 9:440 > 20-509;
£12264,” 28); 2433267) . 335°, 23a,

351", 374°, 380°; remedies, 1:33, 57,
87; sense organs of, 1:72-73; 2:
74-75.
Thysanoptera, 1:79; 2:31; 8:254; 9:
445; 11:241-50, 271. yj
Physanura, 1-179:552:287; 4:16T-10:
518, 519; 11:251-54, 272; 14:308°.
thysbe, Hemaris (syn. Sesia), 10:
507; 14:3098.
var. ruficaudis, Hemaris (syn.
Sesia uniformis), 10:494; 14:
380".
Sesia, see Hemaris.

tibialis, Chloropisca (syn. Oscinis),
E22
Oscinis, see Chloropisea.

Phanerotoma (syn. Sigalphus),
11:156.
Sigaiphus, see Phanerotoma.
tibicen, Cicada (syn. C. pruinosa), 1
331; 4:196, 202; 6:189; '7:383;
9-410; 10:51. 518): 519; 1k:
270; 12:274, 863; 138:374°; 14:
348? 350°.
Tibicen rimosa, see Cicada.
septendecim, see Cicada.
tibulilus, Nisoniades, 1:335.
Ticks, 1:49, 62; 5:290.
Tiger beetle, 12:209, 320.
Tilia, Cecidomyia balsamicola on,
4:63.
americana, see Linden.
tiliae, Coccus, see Lecanium-. tulipi-
ferae.
Lecanium, see L. tulipiferae.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ~-

- Tillinghast, F. N.,

—

tiliaria, Erannis (syn. Hybernia), 1:
- 72, 329: 11-266. :
Hybernia, see Erannis.
tilicola, Sciara, 5:265.
insects from, 6r
190.
Timber beetles, 4:26.
Timber borers, 4:195.
Times [Albany] cited, 7:359; 8:290;
9:454, 459.
timida MS., Anthomyia, 1:195.
Timothy, insects injurious to;
Blissus leucopterus, 13:3617,
Bryobia pratensis, '7:222.
Leucania albilinea, 4:56; 10:
492; 14:379°.
species, 9:457; 14:3147.
unipuncta, 12:197, 309.
Pyralis costalis, 11:150.
Thrips species, 5:153, 304. .
wire worms, 8:197.
Tinea granella, see Sitotroga cere-
aleila.
iridella,
foliella.
pellionelia, 1:64;
174; 5:187; 11
357° 388°.
‘Tineid mining in hemlock, 4:22, 59-
60; on elms, 9:462.

see Incurvaria aceri-

2:44; 4:140,
:276; . 14:350%

'. Tineidae, number of species on oak,

1:4; reference, 4:165, 181; species:
depredating on the apple tree, list
of, 1:329-30; 11:267; - species
treated of, 1:151-67; 2:102-10; 52
215-19, 260-61; 8:133-40; 10:377-86, coe
Tingis arcuata, see Corythuca. ;
ciliata, see Corythuea.
cydoniae, 1:311.
hyalina, see Corythuea ciliata.
pyri, of Europe, 1:311.
Tingitidae, 4:107-9. -
Tip worms, 10:373
Tiphia inornata, 8:238.
Tipula, a Linnean genus, 1:191.
Tipulae, 10:474.
Tipulid larvae, 5:325; 11:283.
Tipulidae, 1:297; 7:210, 316; 9:462.
tipuliformis, Aegeria, see Sesia.
Sesias(syn. Aegeria), 1:8; 2:60,
216. a
Tischeria malifoliella, bibliography,
11:160; distribution, 11:162; food
plants, 11:162; injuries, 11: 161;
insect described, 11:160; life his-
tory, 11:161; mines, 11:161; refer-
ence, 1:330; 3:137, 140: 6:187; 7:
354; 9:445, 462; 11:267; 12:357; 14:
376", 895°; remedy, 11:162.
titea, Rhaphidodemas (syn. Phigalia
cinctaria), 1:329; 11:266.
titilator, Monohammus, erroneous
reference of M. confusor,

- titus, Strymon (syn. Thecla), 7:219.
Thecla, see Strymon.
tityrus, Epargyreus (syn. Hudamus),
Po te

Hudamus, see Hpargyreus.
tityus, Dynastes (syn. Geotrypes,
Scarabaeus), 2:227; 5:227-31,
821; '7:246-55; 9:342, 440, 444,
463; 10:498; 11:274; 14:332°,
Bt CsOe Olt, alG@, ooo, Ol.
Geotrypes, see Dynastes.
Scarabaeus, see Dynastes.
Tmetocera ocellana, food plants, 1:
329; 7:355; ravages, 4:14; 7:216,
806-7, 363; 8:124; 9:296, 373; ref-
erence, 4:206; '7:382; 8:281, 283,
288, 297; 9:293, 440, 462; 10:483,
490, 510, 516; 11:121, 156, 266; 12:
Sin 14866) 510", Sii*, 387385 ST4,
318°,
219; 10:488.
Toad eating army worm, 12:193,
209.
Toad spittle, 4:120.
Tobacco, insects injurious to;
eut worms, 5:159; 8:236.
Dynastes tityus, 5:231, 321.
Heliothis armiger, 1:120.
Julidae, 10:519.
Lathridius pulicarius, 6:183.
Lygus pratensis (syn. L. lineo-
laris), 6:189; 13:352°.
Melanoplus femur-rubrum, 6:
152.
Peridroma saucia (Syn. Agrotis),
5 :200.
Phlegethontius carolina (syn.
Sphinx), 8:242.
celeus (syn. Sphinx quin-
quemaculata), 7:379; 8:
242.
Sitodrepa panicea, 4:88.
Thrips tabaci, 11:245.
Tobacco worm, see Tomato worm.
Tolype laricis (syn. Gastropacha, G.
velleda var. minuta, Planosa),
1:87-99; 4:20, 21; 14:335°.
velleda (syn. Planosa), 1:98, 328;
9455-21 -265>-14:313'.
Tomato, insects injurious to;
Agrotis ypsilon, 1:58.
Aphis nerii, 3:122.
Silybi, 3:122.
solannina, 3:122.
Coptocycla clavata,
126.
eut worms, 1:58, 64; 8:236.
Hpicauta cinerea, 6:134; 12:354;
14:328°,
vittata, 6:132, 182.
Epitrix cucumeris, 13:373°.
Heliothis armiger, 1:120; 7:382.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

379"; remedies, 7:307; 8:218, _

5:322: 6:

4”

587

Tomato, insects injurious to;
Hydroecia nitela (Syn. Gortyna),
1:112; 3:135, 140, 148; 8:191;
14:345°. ;
Nectarophora solani (syn. Siph-
onophora), 3:122.

Phiegethontius celeus oe
Sphinx quinquemaculata), 1
(Gre eave h

Plusia brassicae, 2:91.
Rhopalosiphum solani (syn. Me-
goura) 3:121, 149.
Thrips tabaci, 11:245,
Tomato rot, 4:185.
Tomato sphinx, see Tomato worm.
Tomato worm (Heliothis armiger),
5 Fea 8
Tomato worm, or tobacco worm, 1:
56,1197 3227 921865 73193 PS 3A
14:323°.
tomentosus, Hupogonius, 11:269.
Necrophorus, 5:289.
Tomicus balsameus (syn. Pityogenes
howardi, Tomicus species), 2:
54.
curvidens, of Hurope, 2:54.
laricis, of Europe, 2:54.
mali, see Monarthrum.
species, see T. balsameus.
suturalis, 2:54. :
eee eos (syn. Bostrichus),
D5.

Tomocerus plumbeus (syn. Podura
bicolor), 2:205, 244.
Tompkins, G. O., insects from, 4:208.
Tompkins, S. G., insects from, 18:
374", -
torpidus, Agrilus, see A. anxius.
Tortoise beetles, 1:33, 57; 4:196.
clubbed, 5:322: 6:126-27: 18:
3747; 14:3417, 3678.
golden, 1:306; 6:125-26; 7:276;
14-320" °36C:
Tortricid moth, 11:278.
PFortricidac,. 1:57, 329: 4151. 152-5:
218; 10:483; 11:152-56, 266; 12:
214, 217.

Tortricidia fasciola (syn. Litha-
codes), 1:328; 9:456; 11:264: 14:
Se

Tortricodes bifidalis, see Gaberasa

ambigualis.
indivisalis, see Gaberasa ambig-
ualis.

Tortrix fumiferana, 4:20, 22: 10:483.
furvana, see Cacoecia argyros-
pila.
v-signata,
pila.
Torymus pallidicornis, 11:164.
species, 4:27, 205; 11:165.
Tough, William, insects from, 7:383.

ee Cacoecia argyros-

588

-

Townsend, C. H. T., cited, 10:417;
11:181, 222, 232, 250; 12:192, 238;
13 :353*.

townsendi, Oiketicus, 11:264.

Toxares triticaphis, 5:253.

toxoneura, Sciara, 10:388.

trachealis, Syngamus, 3:142; 14:
343", 343°.

Tradescantia, see Wandering Jew.

Tragocephala infuscata, see Chorto-

phaga viridifasciata.

radiata, see Chortophaga viridi-
fasciata.

viridifasciata, see Chortophaga.

Tragopa dorsalis, see Acutalis.

Trail, J. W. H., Gall-making Diptera
of Scotland, cited, 11:162. _

Train, A. L., insects from, 8:297.

transversa, Drosophila, 1:218.

transversata, Hutrapela, see Sabu-
~ lodes.
Prochoerodes, see Sabulodes.
Sabulodes (syn. HKutrapela,
Prochoerodes), 8:287; 10:483;
11:284; 14:372°. :
transversoguttata, Coccinella (syn.

C. 5-notata), 1:318.
Trapezonotus species, 11:270.
Traumatomyia prodigiosa, 4:72.
Treat, Mrs .M. Bs cited, 1:196% 5:
193; 8:129; 12:229.
tredecim, Cicada (race of C. sep-
tendecim), 1:331; 2:169; 4:175; 10:
424, 500; 11:270; 12:277, 278; 14:
384°.
Tree hopper, 1:79; 4:190; 5:245; 7:
360; 8:294; 14:3177, 365°.
Buffalo, 1 284, 315, 318, 331; 4:
146, 208; 11:270.
two marked (Enchenopa bi-
notata), 1:281-88, 319; 4:203;
6716s 10-4932, 2) Ic210 sn TA:
326", Ba0", d01* Sau.
two spotted, see Tree hopper,
two marked.
Tree-trefoil, see Hop-tree.
Trefoil, Peridromia saucia
Agrotis) on, 5:205.
Treitschke, Freidrich, Schmetterlinge
von Huropa cited, 5 :200.
Trelease, William, cited, 11:182.
Tremex, pigeon, 1:304, 330; 11:264;
12:262,
Tremex columba,

(syn.

attacking apple

trees, 1:330; attacking maples, 3:
226-27; general account (abstract),
1:304: reference; .8:108, 163; 11:
* 264, 279; 12:262; Thalessa atrata
(syn. Rhyssa) parasitic on, 2:230;

5-305; Thalessa lunator parasitic
on, 4:38,, 40, 42; 5:305, 3115 GATTI;
reference, 12:264,- 279; 14:332%,
S50, BOL, aCe.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

tremulae, Lina, see Melosoma.
Melasoma (syn. Lina), 10 405,
triangularis, Disonycha, 7:383.
Hydrophilus, 6:188; 8:298.
Tettix, 2:197.
Tribolium castaneum, see T. ferru-
gineum.
cinnamoneum, see T. ferrugin-
eum.
coufusum, 12:362.
ferrugineum (syn. T.castaneum,
T. cinnamoneum, T. navyalis,
T. ochracea, T. rubens, T. tes-
taceum, Stene ferruginea), 2:
136-39; 8:299; 9:308, 463; 14:
342";
navalis, see T. ferrugineum.
ochracea, see T. ferrugineum.
rubens, see T. ferrugineum.
testaceum, see T. ferrugineum.

Trichinae, 4:127.

Trichiocampus viminalis (syn. Clad-
ius, Aulacomerus lutescens), 4:
44-46; 5:171; 7:228, 224; 9:489;
14: 8571, 374.

Trichius inda, see Euphoria.

species, see Valgus canalicula-
tus.

Trichobaris trinotata (syn. Baridius
trinotatus), 3:106, 149; 14:345°,
oon.

Trichocera, midwinter, 14:343%.

Trichocera brumalis, 1:298; 2:2438;

14:343?.
hyemalis, 2:243.
regelationis, 11:267.

Trichodectes sphaerocephalus,
190; 10:513.

Trichodes apivorus, 3:138.

nuttalli, 3:138.

Trichogramma, 8:296.

fraterna, see Tetrastichus.

minuta, 2:220.

odontotae, 12:267.

orgyiae, see Cratotechus.

pretiosa, 2:220, 229; 4:194, 197,
205; 14:383*, 3475, 348°.

Tricholita signata, 10:377.

Trichoptera (Phryganidae or cad-
dice flies), 1:79; 83.

6:

| tricincta, Erythroneura, see Typh-
locyba.
Typhlocyba (syn. Erythro-

neura), 9:403, 410.
tricolor, Urocerus, 13:3427, 342%,
tricosa, Agrotis, see Feltia jaculi-
fera.
Feltia, see F. jaculifera.
tridentata, Compsidea, see Saperda.
Saperda, see Saperda tridentata.
Tridymus parasitic on Lasioptera
vitis, 4:66.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

trifasciata, Coleothrips, 1:308; 11:
248, 250.

triferana, Lophoderus, 1:329; 11:
266.
trifolii, Hylastes (syn. Hylesinus,

Hylastinus obscurus), 1:8, 54,
247; 6:178; 7:335, 3878; 14:323°,
226%.

Hylesinus, see Hylastes.

-Mamestra, 1:8; 5:323; 8:235; 10:

482, *
Oscinis, see Agromyza diminuta,
trifolii Lintn., Cecidomyia, see C.
leguminicola.
trifolii Loew, Cecidomyia, 6:184; 14:
329°.
Trifolium, see Clover.
Trifolium repens, Grapholitha inter-
stinctana on, 11:155.
triguttata, Heterophleps, 10:483.
trilineata, Crioceris, see Lema.
ema (syn. LL. | trivirgata,
Crioceris), 1:32, 244, 322; 2:
132-36; 4:142, 207; '7:382; 9:
457; 10:491, 517; 11:284, 286;
14:314', 3427, 357°, 379°; var.
tripunctata, 2:1384.

Saperda, see S. tridentata.
trimaculata, Chrysomela, see Dory-

' phora clivicollis.

Plathemis, 9:464; 13:3757.
trimaculatus, Cephus (syn. Phyl-

lcecus), 8:167.

Pediopsis, 9:400.

Phylloecus, see Cephus.
Trimble, I. P., cited, 1:194.
Trimble, William, insects from, 11:

285.
Trinity historical society, 14:306'.
trinotata, Trichobaris (syn. Baridius

trinotatus), 3:106, 149; 14:3455,

+ Sno,

trinotatus, Baridius, see Trichobaris
trinotata.

Trioza tripunctata (syn. Psylla), 9
404, 411

Triozinae, 9:411.
Tripsacum dactyloides, see Sesame
grass.
tripunctata, Lema, see L. trilineata
var. es
Oberea, see O. bimaculata.
Psylla, see Trioza.
Saperda, see Oberea bimaculata.
Tettigonia, 9:395.
Trioza (syn. Psylla), 9:404, 411.
Trirhabda canadensis, 4:142-43; 14:
3507, 307’.
trisectus, Crambus (syn. C. exsicca-
en 1:186, 138, 149, 151; 14:3288,
ae 4
trisignata, Harrisimemna, 12:360.

589

tristis, Anasa, see Anasa tristis.
Lachnosterna (syn. L. pilosicol-
lis, Phyllophaga pilosicollis),
1 :330; 6:176; 7:369; 9:296, 463;
11 268: 14: 318%, 325°,
Microdon, 2:116.
Nisoniades, see Thanaos.
Serica, 8:284, 298; 14:371°.
Telamona, see T. coryli.
Thanaos (syn. Nisoniades), 14:
2s:
triticaphis, Toxares, 5:253.
tritici, Agromyza, 1:226.
Agrotis, 8:235.
Cecidomyia, see Diplosis.
Diplosis (syn. Cecidomyia), 1:6,
8, 138, 201. 297, 305, 306, 311,
SZ 2 als Son.
Eurytoma, see Isosoma tritici
Fitch.
Limothrips, erroneous reference
of Thrips tabaci.
Psocus, 1:298.
Pteromalus, see Isosoma tritici
Fitch.
Sciara, 10:389.
Thrips, 1:308; 11:248, 249, 250,

787 ie
tritici Fitch, Isosoma (syn. I. nigrum,
EKurytoma, Pteromalus), 1:307,

320; 4:27, 28, 29, 30, 32; 5:315; 14:
338°.
tritici Riley, Isosoma, see I. grande.
Triticum sativum, Nectarophora
granaria (syn. Siphonophora ave-
nae) on, 5:252.
trivialis, Chloropisca, 4:71.
trivirgata, Lema, see L. trilineata,

trivittata, Leptocorisa, see Lepto-
coris trivittatus.
trivittatus, Leptocoris (syn. Ly-

gaeus, Leptocorisa trivittata),
4.:156-58, 193, 208; 10:432, 439,
508, 505; 11:270, 288, 287; 12:
352; 14:347', 3587, 385°, 387°,
S915 393
Lygaeus, sce Leptocoris.
Trochilium ceto, see Melittia satyr-
iniformis.
marginatum, see Bembecia.
Troctes divinatoria, see Atropos.
fatidicus, see Atropos divina-
toria.
Trogosita nana, see Tenebrioides.
Trogositidae injuring apple trees,
11 :267.
Trogus obsidianator, '7:228.
troilus, Euphoeades (syn. Papilio),
10:507; 14:309%.
Papilio, see Euphoeades.
Trombididae, 5:287, 290; 6:158; 7:
321; 10:449-51.

59°

Trombidium bicolor, erroneous re-
ference of Bryobia pratensis.
locustarum, 8:111, 179-80, 287; _
10:497; 14: Saad 3822,
muscarum, 7:365, 384; 14:367%.
Tropaea luna (syn. Actias), 2:39; 3:
140; 5:188; 9:455, 456; 10:481, 509,
515 1 4ead a ore.
Tropaeolum, Tetranychus telarius
on, 5:288.

Trox unistriatus, 9:4638.

Troy daily times cited, 2:228; 14:

yao oe

Truman, P. C., cited, 12:194.

truncatellum, Copidosoma, 3:140.

truncatus, Agriotes, see A. mancus.

Trupanea apivora, see Promachus

fitchii.

Trypeta longipennis, 3:137.
pomonella (syn. Rhagoletis), 1:

330; 2:117-25, 227, 234; 4:174;
5:300: 8 :245-49; 10:391, 499:
11:267; 12:347-48; 14:336',
342°, 3435, 3537, 384°, 391°.

Trypetidae, 2:117;.5:282, 317; 9:

462.
Trypoxylon politum, 12:359.
Tsuga canadensis, see Hemlock.
tuberculata, Dicerca, 5:286.
tuberculatus, Hippiscus (syn. Oedi-
poda phoenicoptera), 8:300; 9:330.

tubicola, Cecidomyia, 4:175.

Tulip tree, Lecanium tulipiferae on,
13 :374'.

tulipiferae, Lecanium (syn. L, tiliae,
Coccus tiliae), 9:409, 411, 413; 10:
iS a dt e2ees deco 4e

Tupper, Thomas, insects from, 11:

284; 12:308, 359; referred to, 13:
EBL

turbulenta, Hadena, 10:509.

turcicus, Lygaeus, 2:166.

Turnbull, Mrs K. E., insects from,

12:360.

Turnip, insects injurious to;
Agriotes lineatus, 1:46.
Aleochara species, 1:189.
Anthomyia radicum, 1:192-94.
Anthomyian flies, 1:65.
Aphis brassicae, 6:147.
cut worms, 8:236.
Drosophila flava, 1:220.
flea beetle, 1:40.
Mamestra picta, 5:209.
Murgantia -histrionica,

267.
Nysius angustatus, 5:321.
Oxytelus rugosus, 1:189.
sculpturatus, 1:189.
species, 1:189.
Phorbia brassicae (syn. Antho-
myia), 1:185.

1:264,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Turnip, insects injurious to;
Phyllotreta vittata (syn. Hal-
tica striolata), 1:60; 7:372; 9:
3875; 14:3197.
Phytomyza nigricornis, 4:79.
Plusia brassicae, 2:91; 6:184.
Sciara fucata, 5:265.
species, 10:389.
Smynthurus hortensis, 2:207.
Thrips tabaci, 11:244.
Turnip flea beetle, 1:40, 244; 7:372;
9:375; 10:415; 14:3197.
Turnip fly, l 52,
Turnip leaf miner, black horned, 4:
79.
Turnus, swallow tail, 1:327; 11:264.
turnus, Papilio, see Jasoniades glau-
cus.
Turtle, land, feeding on Cicada, 12:
289.
Tussock caterpillar, 7:216.
Tussock moth, hickory, 1:328; 11:
264; 14:398+,
spotted, 11:264.
white marked (Notolophus leu-
costigma), 1:33, 61, 64, 328; 2:
68-89; 4:15, 48-51; 5:310; 6:
107; 7:33815r 9:295; 429 4aT-
10:495; 11:121, 124-26, 264;
14:328°, 3425, 357°, 3587, 380°,
3887.
Twig borer, 11:268.
Twig girdler, 1:331; 2:87; 11269.
Tylenchus deyastatrix, 8:221.
radicola, 8:222.
Tyloderma fragariae (syn. Analcis),
1:155; 10:418.
Typhlocibina, 10:430.
Typhlocyba (syn. Empoa), 1:300; 7:
316; 10:408, 410, 430.
affinis, see T. comes var. basi-

laris.
coccinea (syn. Hmpoa), 9:408,
410.
comes (syn. Erythroneura viti-
fex), 8:287.

var. . basilaris, - Gyn.
affinis, Erythroneura affi-
nis, E. basilaris), 9:403,

410.
var. vitis (syn. T. vitis, Ery-
throneura vitis, Tetti-

gonia vitis), 2 30; 4:199;
5230227 45; 8:116, 254,
287; 9:403, 410; 12:3638;
14:348°, 349°, 353%, 3737.
mali (syn. Erythroneura), 11:
res
obliqua (syn. Erythroneura), 9
4038, 410.
guerci (syn. Empoa), 9:403, 410.
rosae (syn. Anomia, HEmpoa,
Tettigonia),. 2:31; 6:166; 7:

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 591

345, 362; 8:256; 11:271; 12:

355-56; 14:348°, 359°, 3665,
3948, ;

tricincta (syn. Erythroneura), 9:
403, 410.

vitis, see T. comes var.
vulnerata (syn. Erythroneura),
9:402, 403, 410.
Typhlodromus oleivorus, 3:144; 4:
. 117; S:281; 10:503; 14:370".
pyri, 10:453, 455.
typographus, Bostrichus, see Tomi-
cus.
Tomicus (syn. Bostrichus), 2:
5D

Typophorus canellus (syn. Paria

aterrima), 6:183, 188; 7:360; 9:
463; 10:495, 511; 14:3297, 3653,
3817.

Tyroglyphidae, 5:290; 11:257.

Tyroglyphus,. 10:449, 453.

farinae, see T. siro.

heteromorphus, carnation in-
jured by, 11:254; description
of the mite, 11:258-59; Gama-
Sus associated with, 11:259;
Hypopal forms, 11:256-57;
Hypopus, studies of, 11:257-
58; life history, notes on, 11:
255-56; reference, 12:357; 14:

3967; remedies, 11:259-60;
varied forms of the mite, 11:
256-57.

lintneri, 10:452-58; 12:352; 14:
3933.

longior (syn. Acarus horridus),
rt 20;5.5:592; 621902 11-256;
13 :364°.
phylloxerae,
#1258.
rostroserratus, 10:486; 14:377°
Sacchari, see T. siro.
Siro (syn. Acarus domesticus,
_A. farinae, A. lactis, Tyrogly-
phus farinae, TT. sacchari),
3:100, 129-30, 151; 5:291-95;
Grr 359 8:2985:- 11-256;
13:364°; 14:3165, 3467, 3525,
- 8617, 363°, 3641, 3965,
species, 11:257.
Tyrophaga casei, see Piophila.
Tyrranus carolinensis, see Kingbird.

10:451, 452, 453;

u-album, Hydroecia (syn. Gortyna
purpuripennis), 1:115.

u-aureum, Plusia, 10:376, 377.

Ufeus satyricus, 10:482.

Whlery P:R., -eited;:1:253, 264. 271:
2:125, 145, 149, 165, 188; 4:107,

109, 120, 156; 5:242; '7:296; 8:152; |

9:317; 10:432; Check list of the
Hemiptera: Heteroptera of North
America cited, 4:107, 109, 156; 10:

432; 13:3527; List of Hemiptera
west of the Mississippi river cited,
2:149, 165; 4:156; 10:482.
Uhrig, George, insects from, 10:
510.
uliginosellus, Crambus, 1:150.
ulmi, Coccus, see Gossyparia.
Gossyparia, see | Gossyparia
ulmi.
Lachnus, see Schizoneura.
Schizoneura (syn. Lachnus), 2:
181; 9:407, 411, 412.
ulmicola, Brysocrypta, see Colopha.
Colopha (syn. Brysocrypta, Colo-
pha, C. compressa, Glyphina,
Pemphigus, Thelaxes), 3:126-
28; 151; 4:198, 208; 5:303, 326;
7:370; 14:318', 346°, 3493, 352*,
3854+.
Glyphina, see Colopha.
Pemphigus, see Colopha.
. Thelaxes, see Colopha.
ulmifolii, Callipterus, 13:362'; 14:
400°.
Ulmus, see Elm.
americana, see Elm, American
or white.
campestris, Galerucella luteola
injuring, 11:191; 12:255.
-fulva, see Elm, siippery.
montana, see Elm, Scotch.
ultronia, Catocala, 11:121, 266.
umbra, Pyrrhia (syn. Chariclea
exprimens), 9:456; 14:313', 316°.
umbrosa, Grapta, see Polygonia in-
terrogationis var.

| umbrosus, Heliothis, see H. armiger,

Uncinula spiralis, see Powdery mil-
dew.
undata, Distenia, 11:268. -
undatus, Crambus, 1:151.
Underwood, L. M., cited, 4:128.
undosus, Cossus, 7:375; 14:307°, 322?,
undulata, Anomala (syn. A.
varians), 10:418; 11:268.
Notonecta, 8:158.
undulatus, Xylotrechus, 4:96.
undulosa, Ceratomia (syn.
emma), 9:452; 14:312°.
Daremma, see Ceratomia.
Unger, Frank, insects from, 12:359.
Unger, H. A., insects from, 13:374';
reference, 13:363°
unicolor, Bythoscopus, see Chlorotet-
tix.
Byturus, 8:298.
Chlorotettix (syn. Bythoscopus
9:398, 410.
Macrobasis (syn. Lytta murina,
Mecfaprienys 132. .57, able oa:
305, 821; 8:290, 291; 10:511;
T1269; 2863; 12:315,.-356,. 3623
14:315?, 3414, 354°, 3957,

Dar-

592

unicolor, Orthosoma, see O. brun-
neum.

Pemphredon, 8:163.

Telamona, see T. fasciata.
Unicorn prominent, 1:328; 11:265.
unicornis, Coelodasys, see Schizura.

Schizura (Coelodasys), 1:187,

328; 9:455;-11:265; 14:313°%.
unifascialis, Botis, see Pyrausta.

Pyrausta (syn. Botis), 10:483.
unifasciata, Belvoisia (syn. Exorista

flavicauda), 12:190, 210.
uniformis, Balaninus, 12:268.
Macrodactylus, 11:268.
Sesia, see Hemaris thysbe var.

ruficaudis.
unijuga, Catocala, 5:282.
unimoda, Xylina, 7:375; 14:307°,

aoe
unio, Eudryas, see Euthisanotia.
Euthisanotia (syn. Eudryas), 5:
183; 9:450, 455; 14:3137.
unipuncta, Heliophila, see Leucania.
Leucania, see Leucania_ uni-
puncta.

unipunctatus, Ixodes, 6:158.

unistriatus, Trox, 9:463.

unitaria, Hemerophila, see Lytrosis.

Lytrosis (syn. Hemerophila),
10:483.

United States dep’t agriculture,
Farmers’ bulletin cited, 12:183; 13:
344°; Report cited, 1:116, 127, 152,
PG yA, PUD 2A be, wins ae tee Ue
253, 254, 264, 271, 281; 2:89, 102,
118, 126, 142, 149, 165, 180, 203;
4:20, 28, 35, 80, 114, 115, 155, 158;
5:-164,.192, 200, 20T, 27221, 231, 234,
246; 6:125;, 147; 7:255, 288, 296,
297, 321; 8:141, 152; 9:317; 10:388,
408, 453; 11:126, 127, 134, 146, 152,
o745°07, 18ST, - 198. 206% 222.252
248, 249; 12:235, 254, 267; 13:338',
3515, 3527; Monthly report cited, 1:
81, 116; Year book, cited, 10:378;
11:233; 12:249, 254;

division of entomology; Bul-
letin, abstract from, 12:356, 14:
395'; cited, 2:90, 149; 4:80, 156;
5:164, 227, 234; 7:296; 10:433; 11:
110, 127, 133, 134, 145, 146,. 152,

» 2852 250) 2563.12:

, 192; 193, 194, 218,

; 248, 253, 254, 264,
2058, 212 2Ahoy Ces OU, teed, nao.
Bulletin (new series) cited, 138:
343°, 344°, 351°, 3537, 3537, 353°; re-
print from, 11:182-84, 189-96; Cir-
cular cited, 11:220; 12:254, 273;

office of experiment stations,
Bulletin cited, 12:183; 13:344°,
United States entomological com-

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

mission, Bulletin cited, 11:160,
181; 12:237, 248; Report cited, 1:
181; 2:149, 188; 4:21, 98, 115, 158,
159; 5:184, 192, 216, 234; 8:133,
152, 154, 160; 9:330; 10:405, 477;
11:145, 157, 181, 240, 241, 248; 12:
191, 194, 205, 237, 243, 265, 267;
13 :338%, 3437.

United States geological and geo-
graphicalsurvey of the territories,
Bulletin cited, 1:151, 157, 163, 211,
264, 271; 2:145, 149, 165, 188; 4:
28, 156, 216; 5:201, 246; 7:228,
255; 8:183; 9:299; 10:388, 405, 432,
478; 11:138, 142, 146, 160, 241; Re-
port cited, 1:110, 172, 191, 194, 239,
2538, 264; 2:57, 89, 149; 4:28; 5:246;
i 2d, AA TOR Aa

United States national museum,
Bulletin cited, 8:129; 11:127, 134,
138, 146, 241, 248; 12:183; Proceed-
ings cited, 4:151; 7:228; 9:309.

University of Tennessee, Agricul-
tural experiment station, Bul-
letin cited, 12:273.

univittata, Thelia, 1:284; 9:392.

urius, Haematopinus (syn. H. suis),
1:48.

Uroceridae, 4:38; 8:167; 13:3367,
338*-42°

Urocerus, table of New York

species, 13:342'.
Urocerus abdominalis, 13:339%, 3427,
342°.
albicornis (syn. Sirex), 13:338°-
40°, 341’, 341°, 342°; 14:398°,
400°.
cressoni, 5:311; 13:3407-41°, 342°;
14:336°, 400+.
cyaneus, 13:3427, 343%.
edwardsii, 13:342?, 342°.
flavicornis, 18:339%, 3427, 342°.
gigas, 4:95.
nigricornis, 13:342?, 342%.
tricolor, 13:342?, 342%.
zonatus, 13:342', °342*.
uroplatae, Sympiezus, 12:267.
Uropoda americana, parasitic on
Colorado potato beetle, 5:289-
91, 318; 6:166-67, 190; 8:298;
parasitic on dung beetle, 7:
312, 383; parasitic on Julus,
3:134, 142; 7:384; 10:451; ref-
erence, 6:166; 11:288; 14:340%,
359".
vegetans, 5:290.

Urosigalphus armatus, 12:271.

Uroxiphus caryae, see Microcentrus.

ursaria, Biston, see Lycia.

Lycia (syn. Biston), 3:136.
ursula, Limenitis, see Basilarchia
astyanex.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 593

Ursula butterfly, 1:327; 11:264.

Urtica dioica, see Nettle, common.

Utica morning herald cited, 6:167;
10:508; 14:310', 359°.

Utica semi-weekly herald quoted, 12:
197.

Vaccinium, see Blueberry.
yagans, Bombus, 11:104.
Valentine, Clarence, insects from,
1502.
Valerian, rose bug on, 4:199.
valga, Chionea, 2:236.
Valgus canaliculatus (syn. Trichius
species), 11:268.
valida, Serica, 11:268.
Van Alstyne, E., insects from, 7:
383.
Waa Buren, KR. D.,
11:288.
Vandenburg, M. W.,
6:186, 187, 189.
Vandenburg, Dr W. H.,
from, 3:141; 9:462.
Vanduzea arquata (syn. Carynota),
9:388, 410.
Van Duzee, E. P., cited, 8:152; 10:
aoe eed: 127191, 203; 132352".
Van Epps, P. M., insects from, 10:
515.
Vanessa antiopa, see Euvanessa.
atalanta (syn. Pyrameis), 2:39;
4:187; 5:285; 9:454; 12:308.
eardui (syn. Cynthia, Pyra-
meis), 1:320; 3:91; 7:228.
huntera (syn. Pyrameis),
507; 14:309°.
milberti, see Aglais.
Van Hoesen, N. J., insects from, 11:

insects from,
insects from,

insects

10:

#5 BSE.

Van Horn, J. A., insects from,.10:

2509,

Van Orden, M. L., insects from, 10:
518.

Van Slyke, H., insects from, 6:187;
T0080, 9:462; 10:518; 11:288; on
Cicada chambers, 12:281.

Van Wagenen, G. H., cited, 5:234.

varia, Hyperchiria, see Automeris io.

variabilis, Athysanus, see Bytho-
scopus.
Bythosecopus (syn. Athysanus,
A. abietis), 9:400, 410.
varians, Anomala, see A. undulata.

varianus, Harpiphorus, 6:186.

variceps, Chloropisca, see Chloro-
pisca variceps.

varicornis, Bruchus, see B. obtectus.,

variegatus, Anthribus Fourer (syn.
A. varius of Europe, ?Brachytar-
sus varius), 1:259; 2:53, 140.

variegatus Say, ‘Anthribus,
Brachytarsus.

S§cé

ee a

®

variegatus, Brachytarsus (syn. An-
thribus, A. obsoletus, B. sticti-
cus), 2:139-41; 14:3427.

vario‘arius, Euschistus, 2:146.

variolosa, Macronoxia, see Poly-
phyla.
Polyphylla (syn. Macronoxia),
tae Pe Sa05 1 1268:

varius, Anthrenus, see A. verbasci.

Anthribus of Europe, see A.
variegatus Fourcr.
Brachytarsus, see ?Anthribus
variegatus Fourcr.
Gordius, 4:125.
Vassar brothers institute, Jrans-

actions cited, 7:256.
vastator, Oscinis, of Europe, 1:224.

vastatrix, Phylloxera, see P. viti-
foliae.
yau, Cyrtolobus (syn. Smilia), 9:
388, 410.
Ichthyura, see Melalopha apica-
Liss >

Smilia, see Cyrtolobus.
Vedalia cardinalis, see Novius.
vegetans, Uropoda, 5:290.
velata, Hydroecia (syn. H. sera,
Gortyna sera), 1:115, 340; 10:482.
velleda, Planosa, see Tolype.
Tolype (syn. Planosa), 1:98, 328;
94552 11-2657- 14313":
var. minuta, Gastropacha, see
Tolype laricis.
venata, Sphenophorus, see S. sculp-
tilis.
venatus Say, Sphenophorus, see S.
placidus.
venosus, Psocus (syn. P. aceris), 1
16% S16:
ventricosus, Heteropus (syn. Physo-
gaster larvarum), 2:110; 6:
187, 190; 10:385-86.
Nematus, see Pteronus ribesii.
venustum, Simulium (Syn. S. moles-
tum), 5:283, 317; 14:339°.

verbasci, Anthrenus (syn.
varius), 1:65, 299; 2:188; 4:141;
267, 268; 6:120.
verbascoides, Hadena, see Xylo-
phasia.
Xylophasia (syn. Hadena), 1
340.

Verbena, insects injurious to;
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.

Phytomyza . chrysanthemi (P.
lateralis in error), 4:77.
verellus, Crambus, 1:150.
Verhandlungen der naturh. Ver. d.

Preuss Rheinlande, cited, 9:317.
Verhandlungen der zoologisch-botani-
Schen Gesellschaft in Wien cited,
11:162, 164, 240.
Vermicides, 11:275.

594 |

A

Vermont agricultural experiment
station, Report cited, 12:194.
Vermont state board of agriculture,
Report cited, 12:218, 292.
vernalis, Livia, 9:404, 411.
vernata, Anisopteryx, see Paleacrita,
Paleacrita, see Paleacrita ver-
nata.

Vernonia noveboracensis, see Iron-

weed.
vernoniae, Bracon, 11:156.
verrucarum, Neuroterus, 5:308, 324.
verruculatus, Circotettix (syn. C.
verruculosa), 10:443.
verruculosa, Circotettix, see C. ver-
ruculatus. a
verticalis, Ischnura, 11:288.
verticis, Jassus, see Idiocerus.
Idiocerus (syn. Jassus), 9:410.
vesicatoria, Cantharis, see Lytta.
Lytta (syn. Cantharis), 5:305;
6:131, 133; 14:354’.
Vespa diabolica, 1:139; 7:229; 9:461.
germanica, 10:405.
mace ty, Al Sous Oe: 6 oe

9-461; 11:264.
vulgaris, 1:330; 3:140; 10:519;
11 :264. ;
vespertina, Ephemera, of Europe,
4:124.,

Vespidae, 1:172; 6:111.

vespillo, Pollenia, 9:310, 313.

vestaliata, Corycia, see Orthofidonia.
Orthofidonia (syn. Corycia), 1

329; 11:266.
vestita, Saperda, 4:207; 11:269; 12:
245.
vetusta, Calocampa, 9:459.

Notolophus (syn. Orgyia), 11:
285.

Orgyia, see Notolophus.

var. cana, Notolophus' (syn,

Orgyia cana), 8:296.
viburni, Dorthesia, see D. celastri.
Viburnum lantanoides, see Witch
hobble.
lentago, see Osier.
opulus, see Snow-ball.
vicina, Pegomyia, 1:198, 209-11; 3:
85; 14:308?7.
Victorin, Mrs A.,
461.
villosa, Sciara, 12:225.
villosum, Elaphidion, see Elaphidion
villosum.

insects from, 9:

Viminalis, Cladius, see Trichio-
campus.
Lachnus (syn. L. dentatus), 3:
faa 24-27:
Trichiocampus (syn. Aula-
comerus lutescens, Cladius),

4.:44-46;
439; 14:357%,

5:171; 7:223, 224; 9;
374.

|

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Vinegar fly (Drosophila), 1:220.

Vineland [N. J.] weekly cited, 1:116.

Vineyardist cited, 5:302; 14:3535,

violaceous, Perilampus, 1:146.

violans, Nephelodes, see N. minians
var. violans.

Violet, English, Tetranychus ee
Trius on, 5:287.

virgilius, Nisoniades,
horatius.

Virginia agricultural experiment
station, Bulletin cited, 11:2338.

Virginia creeper, insects injurious

see Thanaae

to;

Alypia octomaculata, 1:33; 5:
180; 6:177.

Ampelophaga myron (syn.

Darapsa), 5:179; 8:187.
Euthisanotia grata (syn. Eu-
dryas), 5:180; 6:177; 8:171.
Phytomyza flaviceps, 4:79.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:148.
Thyreus abbotii, 5:306.
virginiana, Oedipoda, see
phaga viridifasciata.
virginianum, Acridium, see Chorto-
phaga viridifasciata.
virginianus, Bombus, 3:140.
Gryllus, see Chortophaga viridi-
fasciata.
virginica, Ctenucha (syn. C. latreil-
lana), 1:317; 9:456; 14:313°.
Spilosoma, 1:317, 328; 2:83; 4:
206; 6:169; '7:228, 304, 305; 9:
440, 455; 10:481; 11:264; 138:
“8718; 14:313°, 3608, 374%.
Xylocopa, 9:461; 11:284.
virginiensis, Anisota (syn. A. pellu-
cida), 5:199..-
Chalecophora, 12:361; 13:373°.
Polydesmus, 3:134.
Virgin’s bower, sweet scented,
sects on;
Epicauta cinerea, 4:201, 208.
vittata, 6:133.
virgo, Arectia, see Euprepia.
Euprepia (syn. Arctia),
11:106.
viridascens, Glyphe, 12:210.
viridescens, Empoasca, 11:271.

Chorto-

ins,

7:219;

viridifasciata, Chimarocephala, see
Chortophaga.

Chortophaga, see Chortophaga
viridifasciata.

Gomphocerus, see Chortophaga.
Locusta, see Chortophaga.
Tragocephala, see Chortophaga.
Viridifasciatum, Acridium, see
Chortophaga viridifasciata.
viridis, Pediopsis, 9:399.
viridisignata, Plusia, see P. selecta.
viridulans, Rivellia (syn. Tephritis
melliginis), 2:122.

vitellinus, Acocephalus, see Para-
mesus. ;
Paramesus (syn. Acocephalus),
9:397, 410.

vitifex, Erythroneura, see Typhlo-
cyba comes.

vitifoliae, Pemphigus,
loxera.

Phylloxera (syn. P. vastatrix,
Pemphigus), 1:4, 322; 2:36; 7:
371; 8:264; 9:347, 464; 10:498;
14.7318", 319°, 330°, 383°.

vitis, Erythroneura, see Typhlocyba
comes var.

Evoxysoma (syn. Isosoma), 2:
32; 4:38; 7:374; 8:292, 298;
14-3167,. 5165, $217.

Isosoma, see Hvoxysoma.

Lasioptera, 4:63-67, 206; 5:304,
325; 7:376, 382; 10:510; 11:
248; 14:320°, 354°, 354°

Pulvinaria, erroneous reference
of P. innumerabilis.

Pulvinaria of Europe, 6:146.

Tettigonia, see Typhlocyba
comes var.

Typhlocyba, see T. comes var.

Vitis labruska, see Grape.
vitreus, Mesochorus, 12:210.
vittata, Cantharis, see Epicauta.

Diabrotiea, see Diabrotica vit-
tata.

Epicauta (syn. Cantharis,
Lytta), 1:38, 40, 57, 300, 322;
6:132-34, 136, 176; '7:376; 12:
354; 14:322°, 326, 367°, 394°.

Lytta, see Epicauta.

Orchestris, see Phyllotreta.

Phyllotreta (syn. Haltica strio-
lata, Orchestris, P. striolata),
1:60, 195, 244, 310; 3:99; 5:
301; %7:372; 9:375; 14:319',
353°.

Seiara, 5:265. 2

Smilia, see S. camelus.

vittigera, Pentagonia, 5:286.

vituli, Haematopinus, 1:48.

vivida, Hystricia, see Bombyliomyia
abrupta.

Tachina, see
abrupta.

Volucella, 1:212.

evecta, 7:229.

vomitoria, Calliphora,
299.

von Landberg, A.,
11:182.

v-signata, Tortrix, see
_argyrospila.

vulgaris, Chlorops, see Sapromyza.

Cicindela, 11:285.

Gryllotalpa, 4:180; 6:151.

Isocratus, 11:167.

see Phyl-

Bombyliomyia
1:69, 170,
insects from,

Cacoecia

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

595

vulgaris, Lamenia (syn. Poecilop-
tera), 9:387, 410.
Molobrus, see Sciara.
Poeciloptera, see Lamenia.
Sapromyza (syn. Chlorops, C.
antennalis), 1:225.
Sciara (syn. Molobrus), 10:
BOl wie pilose ©
Vespa, 1:330; 3:140; 10:519; 11:
264.
vulgivagellus, Crambus, see Cram-
bus vulgivagellus.
vulnerata, Erythroneura, see Typh-
locyba.
Typhlocyba (syn. Erythroneura),
9:402-3, 410.
vulpinus, Dermestes, 4:88, 89, 197,
198; 6:120; 14:3487.

Wachtl, LHntomol.
cited, 11:162, 164.

Wadhams, F. H., insects from, 8:
209.

Wadsworth, A. D., insects from, 10:
4

Wailly, Alfred, cited, 13:343°; refer-
ence, 13:350°.

Walker, Francis, cited, 13:338'; re-
ferred to, 12:321; List of the speci-
mens of dipterous insects in the col-
lection of the British museum cited,
1:211; List of the specimens of lepi-
dopterous insects in the collection of
the British musewm cited, 2:97; 5:
174, 192, 213; 7:225; 11:152; Cata-
logue of the specimens of mneurop-
terous insects in the collection of
the British museum cited, 4:121;
12:298.

Walker, J. V. D., insects from, 7:
Bole Sto tk.

Walker, W. D., insects from, 10:510,
516.

Walking stick, 1:79, 111; 6:189; 9:
446; 10:512, 519; 14:310%.
Walnut, insects injurious to; _
Balaninus species, 12:269.
Citheronia regalis, 5:324.
Coniodes plumigeraria

Boarmia), 10:494.
Cyllene pictus, 8:176.
Datana integerrima, 12:309.
fall web worm, 1:306.
Gypona flavilineata, 9:397.
Halisidota caryae, 7:355, 408.
‘Hyphantria cunea (syn. H. tex-
tor), 1:306.
Ieerya purchasi, 4:187.
Idiocerus lachrymalis, 9:398-99.
Microcentrus caryae (syn. Uro-
xiphus), 9:392.
Otiocerus wolfii, 9:386.
Telamona fasciata, 9:390.

Biolog. Studien

(syn.

596

Walnut, insects injurious to (cont'd)

Zeuzera pyrina, 9:426.
black, insects injurious to;
Ania limbata (syn. Nemato-
campa filamentaria), 3:136.
Coccus hesperidum, 7:370.
Coniodes plumigeraria (syn.
Boarmia), 10:494; 14:380°.
Cyllene pictus, 8:176.
Notolophus leucostigma
Orgyia), 2:77.
English; Aspidiotus perniciosus
on, 11:224.

Walnut moth, regal, 5:324.

Walnut span worm, 10:494; 14:380°.

Walsh, B. D., cited, 1:172, 199, 227,
258; 264; 2:102, 117, 125, 189, 148,
168, 180, 203; 4:28, 42, 51, 107, 114;
Selia 192.) 201. ZAG 225 ee:
324; 8:159; 9:300, 307; 10:388, 408;
11:145,.197, 248: 12:235.. 290;.13:
351°, 351'; on Lebia grandis, 12:
286; quoted, 11:148; 12:291; re-
ferred to, 12:312.

Walsh, B. D., and Riley, C. V., cited,
LeviGs. 146. 226 230k eos
104 ATG. D5. AO: 31332 64-28. oe
42, 68, 80, 158; 5:173; 6:147; '7:246,
296; 8:129, 155, 160; 9:317; 10:388;
11:126, 146, 248; 12:237, 290.

Walsh, W. E., insects from, 6:187,
190.

Walsingham, Lord, cited, 1:157, 163;
5:216; 11:160: Heterocera in Brit-
ish museum cited, 11:152.

Walton, W. R., insects from, 12:
317, 362, 363.

Wandering Jew, Plusia dyaus on, 2:
94, 228.

Warble flies, 4:199; 6:111; 13:364°;
14:396°.

Warrall, W. H., insects from, 8:297.

Warren, W. G., insects from, 5:326.

warringtonellus, Crambus, 1:150,
151.

Washburn, F. L., cited, 10:454.

Washburn, J. B.,. insects from, 12:
Sd, Oe.

Wasps, 1:40, 69, 74, 78, 139, 168, 172,
151, 212 pools 2100 ei 4s 00;
8:163; 10:426; 138:341°, 369°; 14:
8677, 398°.

Water bug, giant, 4:145; 10:512.

Water parsnip, Lixus paraplecticus
on, 1:260.

Watermelon, army worm feeding

on, 12:206.
Margaronia nitidalis (syn. Eu-
dioptis) injurious to, 11:182.

Waters, G. F., cited, 11:157; quoted,
212158,

Watertown [N. Y.] daily times cited,
1:127; 14:334".

(syn.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Watertown [N. Y.] reformer quoted,
12:196.

Waterville [N. Y.] times cited, 3:148;
4:196; 14:348°.

Watkins [N. Y.] express, 14:343°.

Weasels feeding on army worm, 12:
208.

Web worm, fall, 1:316; 2:83; 3:93;
7345; 9:295, 422; 11288

Webster, C. E.,insects from, 11:284,

Webster, F. M., cited, 2:102; 4:80;
5:227, 246; 7:297, 321; 10:378, 417,
453; 11:146, 178, 233, 242, 249; 12:
191, 248, 254, 265, 2738; 1333582%
353°; insects from, 5:325; quoted,
11:123-24: ‘referred fo: 2 shew
12:267; 13:358°; on arsenical spray-
ing of blossoms, 11:117-18, 122-24;
Insects affecting corn cited, 10:378.

Weed, C. M., cited, 5:207; 7:225, 256;
9:300, 380; 10:416; 11:146, 152, 160,
249; 12:194, 288, 254; 13:353*; re-
ferred to, 12:207; Insects and in-
secticides cited,, 10:488, 454; 11:
110, 178, 249; 13:353%.

Weed, H. E., cited, 10:348; 11:142;
insects from, 9:462.

Weevils, 1:78, 155, 226, 308; 7358

365; 9:443; 10:378, 384, 492,
494. 501, 511, 517; T4376"
New York, 1:331; 11:270,.

Welch, Mrs M. B., insects from 10:
HIG: 12-362. 7

Wentworth, F. H., insects from, 11:
288.

West Virginia agricultural experi-
ment station, Bulletin cited, 11:
127, 135, 147, 178, 250; 2-193 ee

West Virginia historical society, 14:
305%.

Western New York horticultural s9-
ciety, Committee on entomology,
Report, 9:414, 422; Proceedings, ab-
stracts from, 14:331°, 347°, 364°,
370°, 377; cited, 1:152, 228; 4-194;
7:358; 8:281; 10:485; 12:194, 243.

Westwood, J. O., cited, 1:172; 4:151;
7:242- 10:477; 11:240; quoted, 11:
237; 12:322; Introduction to the
modern classification of insects
cited, 1:172, 239; 2:136, 203; 4:
73;-5:234;. 7:279; 9:307; 10404,
477; 11:134, 174, 240, 247; 12:229.

Westwood, J. O., and Drury, Drew,
Illustrations of exotic entomology
cited, 4:57.

Wetmore, R. W.,insects from, 8:298.

Wheat, insects injurious to;

Agriotes mancus, 12:356.
Agrotis segetum, 8:235

tritici, 8:235.
Anthomyia similis, 1:202.
Brachytarsus variegatus, 2:140.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Wheat, insects injurious to (cont'd)

Blissus leucopterus, 1:302; 2:
150.

Cecidomyia destructor, 1:321; 5:
263-64; 6:176.

Cephus pygmaeus, 3:147; 7: 334.
Chloropisca variceps (syn. C.
prolifica), 4:72.
Chortophaga viridifasciata (Syn.
Chimarocephala), 2:189.
Deltocephalus inimicus
Amblycephalus), 9:401.
Diplosis cerealis (syn. Cecido-
myia), 1:311.
graminis (Syn. Cecidomyia),

(Syn.

inimica (syn. Cecidomyia),
1:32,

tritici (Syn. Hurytoma), 1:6,
320

Dolerus species, 3:140; 4:135.
Hydroecia nitela (Syn. Gortyna),
ei 6:176, 1782 8:198.
Isosoma hordei, 4:11, 28-35.
tritici, 14:338°.
Lachnosterna tristis, 6:176.
Leucania albilinea, 8:291; 10:
490, 492; 14:315°.
species, 9:457.
unipuncta, 12:206.
Liburnia arvensis (Syn.
phax), 9:386.
Limotettix exitiosa (syn. Cica-
dula), 6:174; 14:324°, 324%.
Macrodactylus subspinosus, 1:
229.
Melanoplus spretus (syn. Calop-
tenus), 7:338.

Meromyza americana, 1:221,
eae GATS; T8063. 123642,
-Nectarophora granaria (syn.
Aphis, Siphonophora avenae),
ilar e:2253. 0112, 113,. 114;
5:247-53; 6:108, 107, 174, 189;
feaons 1O:2923.° £4:3173,. 325",

ool, ot 17,
Phorbia fusciceps (syn.
lemyia deceptiva), 1:201.
Polydesmus complanatus,
S01.
saw fiy larva, 3:87, 147.
Sciara species, 5:265.
Sitodrepa panicea, 4:88-93.
Sitotroga cerealella, 2:106; 6:
187; 10:378-80.
Tenebrio molitor, 8:299; 9:442.
obseurus, 9:442, 468.
Thrips species, 11:249.
tritici, 1:3038.
Tribolium ferrugineum, 9:463.
white grubs, 9:356.
wheat bulb worm, 1:344.

Del-

Hy-
“12:

597

Wheat flour, Silvanus surinamensis
in, 12:361.

Wheat flour insect (Tribolium), 2
136.

Wheat fly, 1:297, 298.

clear winged, 1:297.

deceptive or locust egg An-
thomyian, 1:181-84, 199-201;
14:335*, 335°.

similar, 1:202; 14:335%, 335°.

Wheat germ meal infested by Plo-
dia interpunctella (Syn. Ephestia),
12:360.

Wheat head army worm, 10:490,
492; 12:310.

Wheat midge, estimated losses
caused by, 1:6; 2:159; 10:372; 12:
341; introduced from Europe, 1:
8, 9; parasites of, 8:275; reference,
1:201, 224, 295, 305; 306, 308, 311,
313, O14. OIG. ol 1, oom eel ese mOe
492, 505; 14:3798, 386"; Thrips de-
stroying eggs of, 2:31; 8:255.

Wheat saw fly, 7:334, 385; 10:315.

Wheat stem fly (Chlorops pumil-
ionis), 1:226.

Wheat stem maggot (Meromyza), 1:
2O1-27; 3°96.6:178; F311; -14:7522*
326". done.

Wheat thrips, 1:303.

Wheat weevil, 10:492; 14:380'.

Wheat wire worms, 12:356; 14:394?.

Wheatlet, infested by Plodia inter-
punctella (syn. Ephestia), 12:360.

Wheel bug, 2:230; 4:113; 6:188-41;
14 333°, 368°.

Wheeler, Mrs C. H., insects from,

10:511.

Wheeler, L. B., insects from, 13:
ey

Wheeler, W. M., cited, 10:478; 12:
278.

Whitaker, J. S., insects from, 3:142.

Whitcomb, J. S., insects from, 12:
360.

White ant, 1:79, 301; 4:179; 11:272;
14:312°.

White grub, attacking nursery stock,
9:3538; attacking potatoes, 9:296;
attacking strawberries, 9:296; at-
tacking wheat, 4:203; crow feed-
ing on, 9:350; damage to grass, 5:
154; 6:176; 10:500; gas lime for,
1:54; general account, 8:174-75;
9:353-57; general accounts (ab-
Stracts), 5:308;, 312-13) 9315, »S1iG;
6:171; in manure, 10:506; refer-
ence, 1:229; 2:35, 41, 114; 4:84; 7:
337; 8:281; 9:422; 10:448, 497,
498; 14:325', 329%, 329", 331°, 337°,
338°, 339%, 3407, 3515, 356°, 360°,
Slay B60 Voo250 Boa, Got, oot,

598

396°; remedies, 1:61; 2:224; 3:135;
5:317; robin feeding on, 9:356-57;
10:498.

White marked tussock moth, see
Tussock moth, white marked.

White scale (Aspidiotus nerii), 5:
278; 11:203-4, 277, 287; 14:363%.

Whitehead, Charles, cited, 7:280;
Report on the injurious insects of
Great Britain cited, '7:280.

Whitehill, J. C., insects from, 6:188.

Wickham, H. F., cited, 10:408; 11:
182; 12:249, 265.

Wicks, C. B., insects from, 8:298.

Wiedemann, C. R. W., cited, 1:191;
Aussereuropaische Zweifliigliche In-
sekten cited, 1:211; 2:116.

Wiegelia, Poecilocapsus lineatus on,
OT:

Wiegman’s Archiv der Naturgeschichte
cited, 10:453.

Wien entomologische Zeitung cited, 8:
141
Wiener

cited, 11:188.

“ Wigglers,” mosquito larvae, 12:
Spee

wilcoxi, Calosoma, 12:209.

Willard, X. A., cited, 12:230, 233;
quoted, 12:233.

Willet, J. E., cited, 11:134; quoted,
11:135-36.

Williams, A. F., insects from, 7:383.

Williams, A. P., insects from, 12:
362.

Williams, Clara,
186.

Williams, C. L., insects from, 6:190.

Williams, H. C., insects from, 7:381.

Williams, Joseph, cited, 4:80. °

Williams, M. L., insects from, 18:
3607, 373°; reference, 18:360'.

Williams, T. A., cited, 11:182.

Williamson, W. L., insects from, 4:
207.

Williston, S. W., cited, 1:216; 5:220;
7:228; 10:388; Manuscript mono-
graph of the Syrphidae cited, 1:
211; Synopsis of the families and
genera of North American Diptera
cited, 10:405.

Willow, insects injurious to;

Agrilus anxius, 10:407.

Anotia bonnetii, 9:387.

Caecilius species, 1:161.

Cercopidae, 5:245.

Ceresa bubalus, 1:315.

Chlorotettix tergatus (syn. By-
thoscopus), 9:398.

Cicada septendecim, 2:176.

Clastoptera obtusa, 5:245.

Crepidodora helxines, 4:102.

insects from, 6:

entomologische Monatschrift

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM =~

Willow, insects injurious to;
Cryptocampus angustus, 18 :336°.
saliceti, 13:336°.
Datana integerrima, 12:309.
Dynastes tityus, 5:230; '7:253.
Ecpantheria ocularia (syn. H.
scribonia), 12:189.
Euvanessa antiopa
Vanessa), 12:359.
fall web worm, 1:306.
Gossyparia ulmi, 12:292.
Hemileuca maia, 2:40.
Homoptera lunata, 4:58.
Hyphantria cunea (syn. H. tex-
tor), 1:306.
Icerya purchasi, 4:187.
Idiocerus alternatus, 9:399.
pallidus, 9:399.
Lachnus dentatus, 3:152.
salicellis, 9:407.
Lina scripta, 7:219; 10:500.
Mytilaspis pomorum, 2:232; 11:
202; 14:334".
Pentatgma juniperina, 10:431.
Peridroma saucia (syn. Agrotis),
EAU Se
Pontania pomum (syn. Nematus
salicis-pomum), 5:178.
Prionoxystus robiniae
Cossus), 9:426.
Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 6:148.
Scoliopteryx libatrix, 8:171, 172.
Trichiocampus viminalis (Syn.
Cladius), 7:224. :
basket, from Europe, 11:185; ex-
tent of: cultivation; polities:
Hemileuca maia on, 2:40; how
grown, 11:185; Lina seripta in-
juring, 11:182, 184; yield and
. value, 11:185.
Kilmarnock, Mytilaspis pomorum
on, 8:286.
laurel leaved, Aspidiotus pernicio-
sus on, 11:224.
weeping, Aspidiotus perniciosus
on, 11:224.
Willow apple gall saw fly, 5:173; 12:
359.
Willow apple Tineid, 12:360.
Willow butterfly, 12:354; 14:3944,
Willow gall gnats, 1:1388..
Wing, L. C., insects from, 6:189.
Winne, Esby, insects from, 11:285.
Winnertz, Johannes, cited, 11:162;
referred to, 11:164; Beitrag zu
einer Monographie der Sciarinen
cited, 10:388.
Winter caterpillars, 4:54, 56.
Winter insects, 1:98; 2:203, 205, 235-
44.
Winter mosquito, 1:298; 2:241; 12:
320. .

(syn.

(Syn.

INDEX TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS

Winthemia quadripustulata (syn.
Carcelia leucaniae, Exorista mili-
taris, Nemoraea leucaniae), 1:146;
7:376; 8:238; 12:190, 191, 192, 194,
210, 310, 354.

Wire worms, baits for, 1:63; infest-

ing cabbages, '7:360; infesting
eorn, 8:282-83; infesting potato
vines, 2:226; 10:489; injuries

caused by, 4:18; parafin oil for, 1:
46; reference, 1:296, 822; 2:35; 3:
“201, 132; 7-337; 8:222; 10:497; 11:
276° 12:347, 352, 361; 13:367';-14:
Bae do),.oup,. oO, 8824, 388°,
3917, 393°, 397°; remedies, 5:310; 8:
197-200; 10:448; scabby potatoes
not caused by, 10:487.
Wisconsin state horticultural so-
ciety, Transactions cited, 13:352°.
Wisner, A. B., cited, 7:321.
Wistaria, Enchenopa binotata on,
10:498, 512; 14:380%.
Witch hazel, Phobetron pithecium
on, 5:187. -
Witch hazel Brysocrypta, 9:409.
Witch hobble, Geometrid larva on,
5 :260.
Wittmer, J. E., insects from, 3:140;
10:510.
wolffli, Phymata (syn. P. erosa, Acan-
thia), 3:107-10; 7:371; 8:300; 9:
463; 11:117; 14:3197, 352°.
wolfii, Otiocerus, 9:386.
Wollastonia quercicola, 2:53.
Wood, H. C., cited, 4:128; Myria-
poda of North America cited, 3:
om aa :
Wood, J. G., Insects abroad cited,
11:174, 241, 248; Insects at home
cited, '7:279; 11:248.
Wood, Theodore, cited, 7:280.
Wood borers, 12:244.,
Woodbine, see Virginia creeper. —
worse T. R., insects from, 7:
Woodpecker, downy, preying ‘on
Plagionotus speciosus, 12:242.
golden winged, feeding on army

worm, 12:209; preying on
Plagionotus speciosus, 12:
242,

hairy, preying on Plagionotus,
i 12:242

yellow bellied, 14:3445.
promt: D. F., insects from, 10:
Woolly bears, 7:225, 228, 368.

black-and-red, '7:225-28; 9:489-

40; 14:369', 374+.

yellow, 2:88; 7:304, 305; 9:440;

14,:360°, 374", (

599

Woolsey, A. H., insects from, 7:384;
8:299.

Wrigglers, mosquito larvae, 12:333.

Wright, H. R., insects from, 10:510.

Wright, J. S., insects from, 8:297.

Wynkoop, James, insects from, 10:
509. :

Xanthium strumarium, see Cockle-
bur.
xanthomelaena, Galeruca, see
Galerucella luteola.

_ Galerucella, see Elm leaf beetle.
Xanthonia, spotted, 11:269.
Xanthonia decemnotata, 11:269.
Xanthotype crocataria (syn. An-

gerona), 4:206; 10:483.
Xanthoxylum, see Prickly ash. ~
xanthus, Pyrgus, 1:336.

Xestobium rufovillosum (syn. An-

obium tesselatum), 2:202.
Xyleborus infesting pear twigs, 6:

188; 12:246.

Xyleborus caelatus, 2:54, 55.
dispar (Syn. X. obesus X. pyri,
Scolytus obesus, S. pyri), 1:
B10, Bdb5- S141: 4-203: 52300;
318, 325; .7:348-51, 361, 370,
383; 8:299; 9:366, 419; 11:270,
286; 14:318°, 340*, 349°, 351°,
353°, 365°.
obesus, See X. dispar.
pyri, see X. dispar.
xylographus, 11:270.
xXyleutes robiniae, see Prionoxystus.
Xylina, 1:341; 6:184.
antennata (Syn. X. cinerea),
LAS 3283) 11265, 279:
bethunei, 1:328, 341; 11:265; 12:
- 860.
cinerea, see X. antennata.
disposita, 1:341.
lepida, 7:375; 14:307°, 321°.
petulea, see X. signosa.
signosa (syn. X. petulea), 1:341.
thaxteri var. lambda, 7:375; 14:
A la
unimoda, 7:375; 14:307°, 321°.
xylina, Aletia, see A. argillacea.
xylinoides, Hyppa, 4:188; 10:482;
14.:357°.
Xylocleptes decipiens (Pityophthorus

species “h’” of Hopkins), 11:270.
Xylocopa virginica, 9:461; 11:284.
xylographus, Xyleborus, 11:270.
xyloni, Solenopsis, see S. geminata.
Xylophagidae classified, 4:174.
Xylophasia arctica (syn. Hadena,

Mamestra), 5:212; 10:447, 482;

14:311,

600-

Xylophasia devastatrix (syn. Agro-
tis devastator, Hadena), 1:58,
308; 8:235; 10:482.
dubitans, 10:377.
finitima (syn. Hadena), 10:482.
grandis (syn. Hadena), 5:210.
lateritia (syn. Hadena), 10:482.
lignicolor (Syn. Hadena), 9:456;
14,:316°.
verbascoides (syn. Hadena), 1:
340.
Xyloryctes satyrus, 7:25.
Xyloterus bivittatus, see X. lineatus.
lineatus (Syn. X. bivittatus), 2:
54.
colonus (syn. Callidium, Clytus,
C. agrestis, C. campestris),
4,:93-96, 194; 14:347°.
undulatus, 4:96.

Yellow fever, mosquitoes vaccinat-
ing against, 12:331.
Yellow fever fiy, 10:388, 390-91, 489.
Yellow jacket, 1:30; 7:299; 11:264.
Yeomans, T. G., insects from, 8:297.
Young, D. B., insects from, 8:298.
Young, H. L., insects from, 11:285.
Young, J. N., insects from, 11:287.
ypsilon, Agrotis, 1:8, 58; 8:111, 126,
188-91, 284, 296; 10:497;
205; 14:3718, 3823,
Biston, see Nacophora.
Nacophora (syn. Biston), 11:216.
Ypsolophus contubernalellus, see Y.

pometellus.

granellus, see Sitotroga cereal-
ella.

malifoliellus, 1:329.

pometellus (syn. Argyrolepia
pomoriana, A. silvaticana,
Chaetochilus, C. contuber-

nalellus, Rhinosia pometella,
Ypsolophus contubernalellus),
1 :300; 301, 329: 11-267.
Yucca, insects injurious to;
Aspidiotus nerii, 11:204.
Leptocoris trivittatus, 4:158.

6 ey

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

yuceasella, Pronuba, 2:215.

Zabriskie, J. L., cited, 12:215.
Zabrus gibbus, see Z. tenebrioides.
tenebrioides (syn. Z. gibbus), of
Europe, 3:99.

Zaraea inflata (syn. Abia capri-
folium), 1:42. i

zeae, Anthomyia, see Phorbia fus-

ciceps Zett.
Sphenophorus, see 8S. sculptilis.

Zebra caterpillar, see Cabbage cater-
pillar, zebra.

zeéllus, Crambus, 4:14.

Zeller, P. C., Beitriige zur Kenntniss
der nordamerikanischen Nachtfalter,
besonders der Microlepidopteren
eited, . 1:127,.- 157; “5 :2is0 ae
Chilonidarum et Crambidarum
genera et species cited, 1:149.

Zerene catenaria, see Cingilia.

Zesch, Frank and Reinecke, Ot-
tomar, List of the Coleoptera ob-
served and collected in the vicinity
of Buffalo cited, '7:285; 12:238, 248.

Zeuzera pupae, 2:216.

Zeuzera aesculi, see Z. pyrina.

pyrina (syn. Z. aesculi), 9:426,
427, 462; 10:485; 11:265, 275;
12:360; 14:377°, 388%.

zimmermani, Nephopteryx, see Pini-
pestis.

Pinipestis (syn. Nephopteryx),
4:19; '7:373; 14:3207.

Zinnia, Spilosoma virginica on, 7:
304.

Zittel’s Handbuch der. Palaeontologie
cited, 11:241.

Zizania aquatica, see Rice, Indian.

zonatus, Urocerus, 13:342', 342°.

Zophodia convolutella (syn. Dak-

ruma), 2:10.

grossulariae (syn. Pempelia), 2:
10; 8:294; 14:3177.

Zygaena 8-maculata, see Alypia.

Zygaenidae, 5:179; 9:456.

Zygoneura, 10:389.

Errata to entomologists reports 1-13 and to
Supplement of 14

The following are errors detected since the publication of the indi-
vidual reports. Many of them were corrected by Dr Lintner on printed
slips or in a subsequent report, others have been found in working on the
index to his publications. I[f desired, these may be inserted as slips in the
respective reports. ;

Additional errata in first report

Page 40, line 15, for Sylvanus read Silvanus.

Page 42, line 24, for Tenthridinidae read Tenthredinidae. }

Page 42, line 10 from bottom, take out the comma after cerast.

Page 57, line 21 from bottom, for tiers read tyers.

Page 80, lines 5, 6, 7, 17, take out the period after the species.

Page 120, line 7 from bottom, for Cicia read Cicer.

Page 156, line 4 from bottom, for pinifoliae read pinifoliella.

Page 160, line 29, for BUCCULATRIX read BUCCULATRICIS.

Page 181, line 29, for 107 read 170.

Page 191, line 1, for BIBLIOGRAPH read BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Page 215, line 35, change the comma to a period.

Page 226, line 10 from bottom, after different, insert: class of the.

Page 227, lines 15 and 16 from bottom, for p, 682 et seg. read p. 477-84.

Page 247, line 16, take out the comma after opimus.

Page 264, line 6, for 183 read 1834.

‘Page 268-9, for Pentatomoidae read Pentatomoidea.

Page 271, line 26, for 324 read 124.

Page 272, line 2, for ribes read ribis.

Page 296, line 22, read two of the three bound volumes.

Page 297, line 25, for caprea read capraea.

Page 297, line 5 from bottom, for togata read tergata.

Page 300, line 15, for Telamone read Telamona, and for Heleochara read
Helochara. |

Page 302, line 5, for 264 read 254.

Page 314, last line, for Cyniphidae read Cynipidae.

Page 329, line 28, for pomotellus read pometellus.

Page 330, line 12, for fuscata read fuscatus.

Page 330, line 16, for (Rhagolites) read (Rhagoletis).

mabhow al-barct ead svat erode sent Tou Tarim

= + a8
sea? FO

cr te Sere:

oe 3
ty a
Aa Se ee lef
: an ego
a at
J SE PE :
a nano) oh ES:
Pe cae
a See
ya oe 1
SST gees tex, * at ae

i f sa

fidirg, agit, oonte Iatoaes: ions ta

5

= >
: .
:
; , Ta
s t+ Sah
‘ 4 .
h -

sete ecco Set ie ‘aint LOSE BES Oke “a

Hog out “ sist ta |

hameen 5} Vise rs Bi: ay et

Rit erp a heey Bisie: io G8
oat paii gl Ty Fees iyazze't: 8:

acai bh ve, Tai x tit BE cobb 8 § en. 1S

19214, filtog si} 350 Shana Se
f “ened See Diss bad eaten. E
a tHe hier ams lokie 4 Taipais; at
GT ATeIse Peete AS rh ont Res

“Sn 3

nn SEES Y

Cae

slislogaii: basi testis bea 30%. JI ait J

Rest
J ronee Siert mae sae so aa
gs on 470%. siete see TEL ‘bia Sth
Seaktnl. aS att LA cuir Pest g¥ Sulnt Sh pai e

St Sahoo ad de pwr. Bess FA Peck ou

oa) eae Bier Senay A
AaebLivig bast Mi a ce, soatd

Mote. SP
ets:

cre JOS By eee eat
gh” shigmunsiecs: bts awliiincokbi tet gir) Be
eos S80 baby SGh oe OS on

2te bao) eth oe

ooo *CsE Hert eens 30%; ae = oe ae
Se? COST inet = tet toe eee B. uae,
Gas? =Xorcnis®: =} aE a

<
oF
r=

tess

: SES Sant Eee <e¥ & anit
oqinygo Baer-sohiighws tok, snk t2Ri-S
actauiee heet aiiotowor 457 as sii;

Autnsew! beet jioteet sat Bd & salt

ERRATA TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 603

Page 330, line 2 from bottom, for ix read x.

Page 331, line 3, for aculifer read aculiferus.

Page 336, line 6, for Daimia read Daimio.

Page 348, line 14 from bottom, for marcellaria read macellaria.
Page of errata, omit the first line.

Additional errata in second report :

Page xii, line 16, for raeus read reus.

Page 5, line 11, for Pristophora read Pristiphora.

Page 23, line 13 from bottom, for Ampelophila read Drosophila.
Page 31, line 3 from bottom, for Pscyche read Psyche.
Page 46, line 16, for Mille read Miller.

Page 57, line 3, for Harris read (Harris).

Page 57, line 7, for 1834 read 1889.

Page 57, line 20, for 487 read 497..

Page 69, line 10, for Psyche read Papilio.

Page 74, line 32, for Thyriodopteryx read Thyridopteryz.
Page 77, line 5, for Cupili- read Cupuli-.

Page 94, line 2, for Grote read Grote.

Page 97, line 4, from bottom, for Can. read Ont.

Page 98, line 8 from bottom, for honey-locust read common locust.
Page 101, line 3, same as above. ;

Page 101, line 5, for Spiraae read Spiraea.

Page 102, line 31, for 169 read 171.

Page 119, line 14, for on read in.

Page 119, line 18, for where read when.

Page 121, line 13, for Mich. read-Ill.

Page 125, line 12, for Sciari read Sciara.

Page 1386, line 17, for BANDI read BAUDI.

Page 140, line 5, for Ryhnchoporid read Rhynchophorid.
Page 140, line 26, for pora read phora.

Page 142, line 2, for (Horn) read Horn.

Page 146, line 24, for chistes read chistus. —

Page 152, line 33, for Cimezx lectularia read Cimex lectularius.
Page 166, line 15 from bottom, for Huchetes read Euchaetes.
Page 168, line 7, for 1860 read 1862.

Page 180, line 2, for Fitch read (Fitch).

Page 182, line 10, for longer read shorter.

Page 199, line 9,-for Pscocidae read Psocidae.

Page 2038, line 21, take out Bure.

Page 207, line 20 and under figures, for purpurascens read purpurescens.
Page 213, line 5 from bottom, for Corydalus read Corydalis.
Page 235, line 6, take out the first with.

Page 241, line 2 from boitom, for Anophales read Anopheles.

.
—
£
£ OR
‘a
~
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ie
.
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7
set
.
:
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i - a oe ae ae
5 = -
2 ~ ¥ = ae *
> 3 ‘ +, = os
~ *
i! =a
-_ = oO

Si

‘

arora: shies San on os sree

t¥0 ih: Taste
2 ht
Pige &
. Ven. - >
: (6 RS bts bene pein oF

=

| % beat st bag? amatiod. ‘sa = ‘nth
a eee er ing i 9 bare nesthiaay a Mek is ae

7

{70q5 7 bae wv -Al sets tas oinba

Ae eteohe eke sy Se Te it ft.™ ote
So Oar Sy gare ga 3 0} #

' Fits rere: '? Bae 10%: 58 “meted: at daz a ;
fo tet Japcot Tae itxt “iepite if aes 3
. Bes pee ee the a
shea tal $s eT. 150) srs Fat ”
. th Bes ‘ait 2, at
ab Bead 1-308 ar
quifur’ ane FIBA FOR ae

it pense Sait s0* oe

2

Jeli bee, HadsW goat

hratt Bast ty eee
Set gt St ered sae <3 Sis 7
ee > aide inte fee Baty 49 Ke

‘ DE BRE «TITS SO ee

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& eee
“: 4
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«
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SAP hes 2
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x

ERRATA TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 605

Errata in third report

Page 116, line 6, for Anaitis read Anatis.

Page 123, line 25, for Hempitera read Hemiptera.

Page 1388, line 16-from bottom, for NuTTALI read NUTTALLI.

Page 138, line 7 from bottom, for DAcTOLYPIUS read DACTYLOPIUS.

Page 140, line 10, for chaleid Copodosoma truncatella read chalcid Copido-
soma truncatellum.

Page 140, line 18, for Irus read strigosa.

Page 141, line 8, for fusciventris read fasciventris.

Page 142, line 3 from bottom, for 260 read 269, [continued on page 289].

Page 144, line 7, for picivorous read picivorus.

Page 1538, line 24, for Euschistes read Euschistus.

Page 153, line 25, for Phylira read Phyllira.

Additional errata in fourth report

Page 50, lines 4, 9, 18, 14, 21, for definata read definita.

' Page 67, line 25, for Daniels read Daniell.

Page 71, lines 20 and 21, for auxiliary read first.

Page 72, lines 18 and 41, for Wager read Waga.

Page 73, line 7, after p. 152 add (of Synop. Br. Ins.).

Page 104, bottom line, for back read bark.

Page 115, line 12, for Cook read CooKE.

Page 1387, line 7, for hypophleas read hypophlaeas.

Page 189, line 10, for Cramer read (Cramer).

Page 151, line 9, for 41, 44 read 41-44.

Page 154, line 8 from bottom, for tamariscis read tamarisci.
Page 162, line 2 from bottom, for geminata read gemmata.

Page 180, line 18 from bottom, for Periplanata read Periplaneta.
Page 197, line 14 from bottom, for Tenthridinae read Tenthredinae.
Page 206, line 3, for crocotaria read crocataria.

Page 207, line 12, for Thung. read Thunb.

Page 207, line 16 from bottom, for vestata read vestita.

Page 208, line 8 from bottom, for obtusa read obtrusa.

Additional errata in fifth report

Page 148, line 5, for zanthomelaena read xanthomelaena.

Page 170, line 8, for Dallas read (Dallas). ;

Page 174, line 18, transfer comma from after choerocampa to before.
Page 198, line 3, for Adolecephala read Adelocephala.

Page 199, line 7 from bottom, for Ceratocampadae read Ceratocampidae,
Page 201, line 3, for Hist. read Sci.

Page 213, line 4, for Boisdaval read Boisduval.

Page 219, line 20, for ac ss read across.

Page 224, line 9 from boee for L, A, Howard read L. O, Howard.

mera: Lei Caer Dy yinay “ HEBEL? iste ei

fh Saath ihe HPeeaii sass

PERT st

mses twit i fare | :

3 Eee 2 oe caenlads
HEQUPCCIAt Hove ae gale see ees RENE

s

2-0 Pea e he no

nen yA ia! We fe tes Bee

: Says iy of Bee ony Ww ee oe
ee bhi ani £5 ert: ated eas an ee

ese es ritiinot is SIETTS, lagotie

wis 3 Line? ‘skh fattnpe tes
WBinet t “hans phat pe f a

“2=

Pio Weed Saree AEE: qed

= Ah) a “ipa 2 tS #
Py ok BS ts oe Baan AQT nie uke be
2 = f J f " o. = es
; PRE EE St Tsien,
. aR Te Se BIBS SOT
Betas ae fymeet
ive Sa¥ A: epg Peat.
: an Pie ie ee ae
evan 1) beers
5 JY 7 & * ve mee Cinee
: | ee OS 1 aes | is g5¥
oP SP TD SL, LOE BOTS OE TD Se ee
S TL Enea Fess 44 Gas PAL ee % ‘ise Test FE
eh 3 hes ae et & os a $e ¢ * Fe a
z
at Spyerl 4 P Me | raed | m7 ey s 3 ties Beat go
eae ;
MeN ae ce ai ‘3 fiaky y Le t re “or ey
& —n 2
Moki resv@ieeiy vie tatse 1 i eae
hy ee ; as ; 3 . "
niet Rest Mines sak mete 7 et at
ee beat’ fi Laat aie tar Yair 40% ‘Hivettert Peete y 8 2
a be aes at + ~P
Puss Hii ce gto. iseouibbae
Hit ap Baggs FO 5 ae >: Slain Sm aacs a.
44 (Ais). Heot-eeliete
pas 2 Dare Paste h pas te Oe BP ears Tee Rae 6
‘ Pia VOCE Dis. Heo wens ay)
Sobiatianoin a) Bear sob imeioliet tab ead: sipge =

Ave DPE aT as

Raa ag ba Bi Be LABL mh

ERRATA TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 607

Page 224, line 3 from bottom, and page 225, line 18, for Boder read Bodee.
Page 231, omit first and third paragraphs, relating to tobacco feeding.
Page 232, line 14 from bottom, for basilis read basalis.

Page 245, line 25, for quadrinota read quadrinotata.

Page 257, line 16, for Guer. read Guér.

Page 266, line 16 and under figure, for pinifolii read pinifoliae.

Page 268, line 15, for subjec read subject.

Page 268, line 23, for fraterna read fraternus.

Page 271, line 4 from bottom, for Blaphar- read Blephar-.

Page 282, line 2, for Trypetdiae read Trypetidae.

Page 283, line 8 from bottom, for more read less.

Page 295, line 19, for Raf. read (Raf.). _

Page 300, line 9 from bottom, for Chrysomelidae read Bruchidae.

Page 303, line 18, for Tachus read Tachys.

Page 303, line 19, for Homolota read Homalota.

Page 313, bottom line, for he read the.

Page 320, last line, for iyalinatalis read hyalinata.

Page 326, line 19, for Husted read Huested.

Additional errata in sixth report

Page 120, line 2 from bottom, for Henshaw read Dimmock.

Page 146, line 28, precede the line with—it and.

Page 151, lines 12 and 16, longipennis and Columbia are the same.

Page 170, line 26, for Anthomenus read Anchomenus.

Page 176, line 23, for pilisicollis read pilosicollis.

Page 188, line 20, for confusor read confusus.

Page 189, line 2, for Linn. read (Linn.) and for DeGeer read (DeGeer).
Page 189, line 3, for CRoUSE read CROWE.

Additional errata in seventh report

Page 201, line 12, for PHyToomyza read PHYTOMYZA.

Page 229, line 25, for abbreviatella read abbreviata.

Page 250, line 4 from bottom, for ventral surface read dorsal segment
Page 279, line 19, for (Boheman) read Boheman.

Page 285, line 20, for Syn. read Syst.

Page 296, line 14 from bottom, for Magazine read Weekly.

Page 297, line 5, for MCNEAL read McNEIL.

Page 297, line 8, for ii read i.

Page 320, line 6, for G. F. Pierce read G. T. Pierce. .

Page 325, line 10 from bottom, for Periplanata read Periplaneta.
Page 334, line 13, for pygmeus read pygmaeus. cae
Page 357, line 1, for (C) read (B)./

Page 360, line 12 from bottom, for Oliv. read (Oliv.).

Page 367, lines 29 and 380, for Cuterabra read Cuterebra. -

- 7, . > 2 <a _~
~ i Oe ei fot a4
a‘ Ks Cutie er ai eee d oe 4s
~ ~ “ my me sa a =.
Serres. Le cclisl “St aie Hie? oF: eG tite. rik cata oe Tet oe
wi%ost Haeiasic? af Sap hees Ser0 ae eh ban
re I
“ e
34543) iG [ ‘>
7 ‘a bode es Se ia iit ‘es ae
a“
£
iwi Pia Gath gest fait oihint’ fiteia?
a stl oe gRl ba? BbOSa ta
3 ate
t : eta iS has | 7.2
; il ~~ 2 ' £
3230) 3} & 22258
, ‘ ris ry {*
*.
varie
. guth s
Dia jie
“4 Daeeris
is (7iled) Beet eu) so aera ee

,
-
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+
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r
pom
\
AI
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an
rh
ee

ERRATA TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 609

Page 369, line 11, for Amblycomorpha read Amblycorypha.

Page 371, line 10, for Dainvia read Daimio.

Page 3875, lines 29 and 30, for Xylina lambda (Fabr.) var. Thaxteri Grote
read Xylina Thaxteri Grote var. lambda (Faor.).

Page 381, line 1, for (D) read (C).

Page 382, line 25, for Cuterabra read Cutereora.

Page 384, line 17, for Harris read (DeGeer).

Page 384, line 19, for Amblycomorpha read Amblycorypha.

Additional errata in eighth report

Page 106, line 31, for C. pyrivora read D. pyrivora.

Page 163, omit last line.

Page 167, line 18, for pygmeus read pygmaeus. .

Page 238, line 8 from bottom, for Masicora read Masicera.

Page 275, line 18, for Chalciddiae read Chalcididae.

Page 289, line 4, for definata read definita.

Page 291, lines 8 and 8 from bottom, for Deshaiziana read Deshaisiana.
Page 298, line 7, for Helophilus read Hydrophilus.

Page 300, line 12 from bottom, for Chlosops read Chlorops.

Additional errata in ninth report

Page 296, line 8, for pelargium read pelargonium.

Page 296, line 15, for Garpocapsa read Carpocapsa.

Page 318, line 15, for Chlorops read Chloropisca.

Page 3438, line 12, for 1844 read 1884.

Page 450, line 12, for Gonopteryx read Gonoptera.

Page 455, line 4 from bottom, for Lecontii read Lecontei.
Page 456, last line, for Schlagaeri read Schlaegeri.

Page 461, line 14, for Xylocapa read Xylocopa.

Page 462, line 2 from bottom, for fulvipes read fuscipes.

Additional errata in 1oth report

Page 4038, line 21, for Africa read Australia and for Ezra P. read Frazer 8.
Page 406, in explanation of figure 8, for RUFICOLIS read RUFICOLLIS.
Page 411, line 7, for 1894 read 1844.

Page 430, line 5 from bottom, for Hist. read Sci.

Page 443, line 10, for verruculosa read verruculatus.

Page 477, line 10 from bottom, for GUIER read FIGUIER.

Page 483, line 23, for nigrinodes read nigrinodis.

Page 512, line 27, for Linn. read (Linn.).-

Page 515, line 7, for JoHn read JuLIvs.

Page 516, line 10, for LEFLER read LAFLER.

Page 518, line 11 from bottom, for tenebrosus read tenebricosus.
Page 526, line 8 from bottom, for (Fabr.) read (Linn.).

er Haran ees G2 ey a ra} ee Ste fa ee be ae os

ed |

op - ; Tone a wii gee GB BAY eer Fed cae Le
aft sate zeus Se SiO) Rgsh Cay el age

re ats. oe . eee Fes Inter fea tet Sse ane oe

. 7 ee. ; PO wait as ateeae FLY Ag.

. siogst Hiriaks ab elev Lanouiting ;
Art AY: PERE PRE bivsc ss eathiag: Sy. ane :
= oa tee
ee ; sient! fyee: Rak SSanetee

SME sth Ths ban C20 at Rutan din —e

mavhck ape Hy $5 Ey RE

Seis:

i aa e Ashe sey a cone ee
errnistotut Bast capi badeyst s ots ind cg inate 2 ake re
Reno ts Bae wal beitg fal iene i
APNG a5 Fifer? RSL} ict wood ne os ral i

ees et gt ope ae epee
Sareea E TES ie. FEE Pek te: fern Saba
See pity at emir copie eigey BB.

SORE Hage iS! we te ig

Perea 7, ry. 5% " Bk SE vw

= = - f wh P59 ECV Fe CAEP ee £5 Ag ie walt MS te s
* ; ‘
ONOGa eee Seo Tins? ret aaet ees - .
< ae
8 = a ehh a4 Py iy yn.
Cites Bers" agye aati % SOR2;
a erp 2 : x
et oe. Stag ae ee De tte %
SHH54HE BASE REGS io’ Bit es Jeagt aiete Se
fe z :
~ . ¢% Shey = ry as rts-t3 Sie hae
. a = Se Fe a +. bac oF c it
3 5 f ‘rte ‘ rt wh 4 ie bo Nie: aes .
7 te ee at aed Se ee ae 13 he Ha ae fo Beer Re ee

Be Yash TRAE. EL IG TESS A Stree ae te teh al

hed
mag
eed
5
iad
at
a
9
We
z
i.
et
ran
cs
ay
ss
4
one
pe
oe
ae
peg

ty ieee keting) Tass hee gre 3

, HHBIDEE Haas PMH 1a Tr aioe ties ie ont
aibeutcatir. Dace centre tame Hate oii
“CHa bese emhs tORee its
Bunaen t: faeries ae i

de Pth i Pear aa ree at) AE anit
vidtsnel be BAY FOd ates yettes ob @) "eyihe :
EAE Beet rain ere areniog: nicrd 8 yes

ERRATA TO ENTOMOLOGIST’S REPORTS 611

Page 528, line 2, for Linn. read (Linn.).

Page 528, line 18, for Odontata read Odontota.

Page 531, line 19, for Harris read (DeGeer).

Page 531, line 3 from bottom, for (DeGeer) read DeGeer.

Additional errata in 11th report

Page 109, next to last line, for p. 240 read p. 249.

Page 121, line 12 from bottom, for indiginella read indigenella.

Page 238, line 15 from bottom, for Brachnemurus read Brachynemurus.
Page 266, line 5 from bottom, for pyricclana read pyricolana.

Page 272, line 5, for cyaneipes read cyanipes.

Page 284, line 2, for 1894 read 1895.

Additional errata in 12th report

Page 243, line 16, for trinlieata read trilineata.

Page 361, line 13, for nigra read niger.
Page 362, lines 19 and 20, for J. A. Houck read J. H. Houck.

Erratum in 13th report

Page 351, line 2 from bottom, for lineatus read linearis.

Errata in supplement to 14th report

Page 317, lines 3-4, for [Prionodus] read [Prionidus].

Page 318, line 29, for [Glyphina] read [Colopha].

Tage 321, line 16, Lycaena lotis is not a var. of Cyanirns pseudargiolus. :

Page 821, line 10 from bottom, for populata read populatum.

Page 331, line 11 from bottom, for Chortophila [Phorbia] floccosa read
Chortophila floccosa [Phorbia brassicae].

Page 333, line 16 from bottom, for [Prionodus] read [Prionidus].

Page 339, line 6, for [Prionodus] read [Prionidus].

“Page 354, line 16, take out [Glyphina].

Page 368, line 6, for beetle read bug.

Page 380, line 13 from bottom, for ruficaudus read ruficaudis.

(Fages 613-14 were bulletin cover pages)

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University of the State of New York

BULLETIN

OF THE

New York State Museum

FREDERICK J. H. MERRILL, Duzvector
VOL. 5 No. 25

October 1899

eeerun! OF THE STATE BOTANIST

[6-0

ALBANY

UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

1899

CO NEEAN i>

PAGE

Introductionms. 2s. o:2-2. 32-2... sohoh. eel eink eee eee 619
A: Plants added to the Herbarium 3.7 2.5.2 .20. 2225 cncacse5 oes 623
New tothe herbaritim 325 ...1.:¢a-¢¢e 592 23 -d-seeepe See ee 623

Not new to the herbarium... . 2.2.32. 2225 2-262- < cence ee eee 623

B Contributors and their contributions..2)..2 1.45.5 22 5.6 oi <<<: 22-2 eee 626
CaList of chanced names 22-22 yee eee ere 628
Despeciessnot before reported .-= ee t= ee AOL ecckt, cond Sethe 642
E Remarks and observations ..... side St Bowe tee cadena ene 651
F. Plants’of the'summit’of Mt Marcy... .<-..3--22 Jocche0..2-8 ese 657
Seed ‘bearing plants(<s..5255:..52540 55. soe oe he toe aoeeee 662
Spore bearinp plants} :2-2 43294. Was go eee Se ee ee wo le eee 663
Stmimary 2o2 22 02. Sos ann ws abe gee ees besessee es esetcees Sane 665

G Edible futigl...- ..3.- sc. so cede cecceuecsa ssc os See ne- eee 673
Explanation of plates -.).\..0.-ssctces sod wowed eeten soe se oo 683

REE Oo} KF

OF THE

STATE BOTANIST

1898

To the Honorable the Regents of the University of the State of New York -

GENTLEMEN: I have the honor of submitting to you my report of
work done in the botanical department of the state museum during the
year 1808.

Specimens of plants for the herbarium have been collected in the
counties of Albany, Essex, Greene, Herkimer, Oswego, Rensselaer, Sar-
atoga, Schenectady, Schoharie and Washington. Specimens have been
received from correspondents, either as contributions or for identifica-
tion, collected in the counties of Cayuga, Columbia, Essex, Kings, Mon- .
roe, Onondaga, Queens, Richmond, Saratoga, St Lawrence, Tioga and
Washington. The number of species of which specimens have been
added to the herbarium is 282. Of these 46 were not before represented
in it and 236 are now more completely and satisfactorily represented
than before. Specimens contributed by correspondents represent 21
species, specimens collected by the botanist, 261. The number of new
species described is 6.

A list of the names of the species of which specimens have been added
to the herbarium is marked A. A list of the names of contributors and
_ of the species represented by their respective contributions is marked B.
This list contains the names of 30 contributors of whom 15 have sent
specimens collected beyond our state limits.

In the sixth and latest edition of Gray’s MZanual of botany many plant
names adopted in former editions are changed. These changes are
partly due to a different understanding of species and partly to the
requirements of the law of priority of publication. The change of well-
established botanical names made familiar by long use is greatly to be

620 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

deplored and is the source of much perplexity and annoyance. Such
changes should never be made except in accordance with well-recog-
nized principles of justice and for the sake of ultimate uniformity and
permanency. Evidently desirous of putting our botanical nomenclature
on a firm foundation the authors of the recently issued ///ustrated flora
have made a rigid application of the law of priority, both to generic and
specific names. More than 600 names of our New York species of
flowering plants and ferns included in this work have been changed.
This is nearly one third the whole number and necessitates the rejection
of nearly one in three, if the nomenclature of the ///ustrated flora is
adopted in place of that of the MZanual. |

This may cause some temporary inconvenience to the older botanists
who have been familiar with other names, but if it shall be the means
of securing greater uniformity and stability of nomenclature it will be
worth all the temporary inconvenience Some of the changes have been
caused by a better understanding of certain species, and some by raising
forms previously regarded as varieties to the rank of species. This
element of instability is not likely to be eliminated so long as mistakes
in identification are made and so long as there are differences of opinion
as to what should constitute a species and what a variety. But the
changed names due to these causes are few in comparison with those
due to the requirements of thelaw of priority. To show in compact
form the changes made in the names of our New York species, a list of
these names has been prepared in which the names adopted in the
Manual stand in a column on the left of the page, and the correspond-
ing names in the ///ustrated flora, in a column on the right. This list
is marked C.

The 46 species not before reported are noticed under the letter D. |
Some are plants of comparatively recent introduction, some have been
previously regarded as mere varieties of other species, but are now
recognized as distinct species. A few are considered new species and
are named ind described as such. A record of observations on species
previously reported, remarks concerning them and descriptions of new
varieties is marked E.

Mt Marcy is the highest peak of the Adirondacks and of the state.
Its summit is too elevated to permit trees to grow there in any other
than a dwarf or shrub-like form and but few of the most hardy species
appear there even in this form. This leaves the summit open to
the full sunlight and inhabitable by hardy shrubs, undershrubs and _ her-
baceous plants. The locality is also prolific in such mosses, liverworts

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 621

.
Y

and lichens as find their favorite abode in cold mountainous regions and
alpine situations. The number of species of plants found in this cold,
bleak place exceeds 200 of which 75 are seedbearing, though they
do not all perfect seed there. ‘The summit may be regarded as a natural
botanic garden full of interesting and instructive hardy plants. Several
species occur there that have been found nowhere else in the state.
Having made several botanical excursions to the top of the mountain,
and having been there on different occasions in June, July and August,
the months which constitute nearly all the growing season of the place,
it has seemed to me desirable to make a record of the plants found there.
A list of the species with remarks concerning some of the most interest-
ing and important ones and describing the character and conditions of
the place is marked F.

My investigations of the edible mushrooms of the state have been
continued. Satisfactory trial has been made of 12 additional species.
Colored life-size figures of these have been prepared and placed on five
plates of the same size as those previously published. Descriptions of
them have been written, uniform in plan with those of the species already
published. This descriptive part of the report is designated by the
letter G. |

During September, October and November more packages of mush-
rooms of various kinds were received for identification, and for informa-
tion concerning their edible qualities, than in any previous corresponding
period. ‘These came from distant and widely separated places, and they
indicate an extensive and rapidly increasing interest in the subject.
Through these and the communications accompanying them it is evident
that in some places the general crop of species growing in woods and
fields was unusually abundant. In other places there was a great scarcity
of them. This difference is due chiefly to differences in climatic and
meteoric conditions. The conditions favorable to a large crop appear
to have prevailed in most places along the coast from Maine to Virginia,
extending inland to central Pennsylvania and some parts of western
New York. One correspondent in Pennsylvania reports that he never
before saw such a variety and such an abundance of mushrooms. Sitting
on his piazza he was able to count 52 species in sight at one time.

. Another correspondent writing from Washington, D. C., gives informa-
tion of a remarkable crop or succession of crops on an island in the
Potomac river. The island is near the city and dredgings from the river
had been dumped in low places on it, filling them up and making a soil

of great fertility. In due time several species of mushrooms appeared in

622 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

such quantity as to attract his attention. Three species were specially
prevalent. These were the shaggy Coprinus, C. comatus, the
masked Tricholoma, 7: personatum, and the tufted Clitocybe, C. mut-
ticeps. These are all edible mushrooms. The last grew in great
clusters, in one of which go individual plants were counted. The masked
Tricholoma was also very abundant and is a mushroom of excellent flavor.
The abundance of the crop gradually increased and the area occupied by
it extended till about 15 acres were covered by the various species. It
was not pleasant to see so much good food wasting and decomposing on
the ground. Mr Braendle therefore directed public attention to the fact
by publishing a notice in one of the daily papers of the presence of a
bounteous crop of mushrooms which could be had for the slight trouble
of gathering them. People soon began to throng the island and to
gather its unusual and interesting crop. I quote by permission from Mr
Braendle’s letter of November 21, ‘I visited the island yesterday and
though over a hundred bushels had been carted away on Saturday
there are just as many C. multiceps and T: personatum as before. They
are spreading over the island very rapidly. People are no longer afraid
of them, as thousands of persons have tried them since November 11.
Italians, Greeks and Germans make the most use of them, and many
families are drying them for winter use. There are now about
fifteen acres covered by these fungi, including Cofrinus comatus ‘of
which thousands are gathered every day.” ;

These statements show what prolific crops of edible fungi may be ex-
pected when the conditions for their growth are favorable, and also how
readily people avail themselves of them as an article of food as soon as
they are confident that they can do so without danger.

The investigation of the flora of the town of North Elba has been_
continued, and some parts of the town I had not previously visited have
been botanically explored. Among these are the top of Wallface moun-
tain and the cold, elevated, swampy district west and northwest of this
mountain. These new localities have added several species to the list
of those previously known to belong to the flora of North Elba, and a
few to the flora of the state.

Respectfully submitted
CHARLES H. PECK
State botanist

Albany, December 28, 1898

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

A

623

PLANTS ADDED TO THE HERBARIUM

Lew to the herbarium

Sisymbrium altissimum Z.
Diplotaxis tenuifolia (Z.) DC.
Cytisus scoparius (Z.) Zé.
Onagra cruciata (Vxét.) Small
Galium Claytoni J7x.

Nabalus trifoliatus Cass,
Broussonetia papyrifera (Z.) Vent.
Salsola Tragus Z,

Convallaria majalis Z.

Juncoides spicatum (L.) Kuntze
Panicum Atlanticum Wash
Alopecurus agrestis Z.

Koeleria cristata (Z.) Pers.
Sphagnum Russowii Warnst.

S. quinquefarium Warnst.
Splachnum rubrum Z.

Hypnum laxepatulum Z. & J,
Scapania apiculata Spruce.
Jungermannia Kunzeana Auden.
Uwbilicaria erosa (Wed.) Hoffm.
Peltigera rufescens (Veck.) Hoffm.
Physcia agglutinata (//oerk.) Vy.
Pr. setosa (Ach.) Vyl.
Placodium vitellinum (Zhrh.) V. & HZ.

Lecanora Laureri Hepp

Biatora Schweinitzii 77.

Cladonia decorticata Foerh.

G. sobolescens /Vy/,

Lepiota solidipes P&.

Tricholoma acre P&,

T. portentosum /7,

Clitocybe eccentrica PZ.

Marasmius acerinus PA.

Clitopilus socialis Pz.

Hebeloma palustre P£.

Crepidotus epibryus /7.
Gomphidius furcatus P&.

Psilocybe uda Pers.

Polyporus hispidellus P£,
Vermicularia punctans, Schw.
Uromyces caryophyllinus (Schrank)
Peridermium Engelmanni 7hum
Gymnosporangium Nidus-avis 7haxter
Peronospora australis Speg.

(Vy.)

Chlorosplenium aeruginascens

Tympanis laricina (/ck/.) Sace.

Not new to the herbarium

Ranunculus acris Z,
R.
Batrachium trichophyllum (Chaix.) Bossch
Actaea alba (Z.) 12/7.

Cimicifuga racemosa (Z.) Vutt.

Barbarea Barbarea (Z.) MacM.
Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb.) B. & P.

CG: Pennsylvanica J/uhl,

recurvatus Pozr.

Roripa sylvestris (Z.) Bess.

R. hispidula (Desv.) Britton
Brassica nigra (Z.) Koch

B. arvensis (L.) B. & P.
Papaver somniferum Z.
Glaucium Glaucium (Z ) Karst.
Nymphaea advena Soland,

Nymphaea rubrodisca (Morong) Greene
N. Kalmiana (17x) Sims

Viola blanda Willd.

primulaefolia Z.

palmata Z.

Labradorica Schrank

rostrata Pursh

pubescens 47/.

striata Azz.

Drosera intermedia Have

hr cates

Hypericum ellipticum Hook.

H. Canadense Z.
Triadenum Virginicum (Z.) Raf.
Alsine borealis (Bigel ) Britton
A. longifolia (Zuh/.) Britton

624 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Alsine graminea (L.) 2ritton
Saponaria officinalis Z.
Abutilon Abutilon (Z.) Rusby
‘Ceanothus Americanus Z.
Acer rubrum Z.

A. saccharinum Z.

Oxalis violacea Z.

Trifolium hybridum Z.
Falcata comosa (L.) Kuntze
Apios Apios (Z.) JZacM.
Amygdalus Persica Z.

- Prunus Americana Marsh.

ss Virginiana Z.

Waldsteinia fragarioides (1/x.) Trait.

Spiraea salicifolia Z.

Agrimonia hirsuta (JZuhl.) Bicknell
Geum rivale Z.

G. macrophyllum W7i/d.

Rosa cinnamomea ZL.

Rubus strigosus J/x.

R. Americanus (fers.) Britton
Crataegus coccinea Z.

= macracantha Lodd.
Amelanchier spicata (Zam.) DC.
oe rotundifolia (17x.) Roem.
A. oligocarpa (JZx.) Roem.
A. Botryapium (Z. 7.) DC.
a Canadensis (Z.) Medic.

Sorbus sambucifolia (C. & S.) Roem.

Malus coronaria (Z.) M7727.
Tiarella cordifolia Z.
Mitella diphylla Z.

Ribes rubrum Z.

R. lacustre ( Pers.) Potr.
R. prostratum L’ Her.
R. oxyacanthoides Z.
Hippuris vulgaris Z.
Anychia Canadensis (Z.) B. S. P.
Onagra biennis (Z.) Scop.
Sanicula gregaria Bicknell
Cicuta maculata Z.

Cornus Canadensis LZ.
Galium trifidum Z.

G. asprellum 17x.
Lonicera ciliata Muh.

L. coerulea ZL.
Sambucus Canadensis ZL.

Pe air Seu ante, Be Sena

Viburnum alnifolium Jaz7sh.
Valeriana officinalis Z.
Valerianella radiata (Z.) Du7r.
Eupatorium perfoliatum Z.

E. ageratoides Z./.
Solidago alpestris W. & &.

S Canad. glabrata Porter
5. Virg. Redfieldii Porter
5. macrophylla Pursh

5 serotina Azz.

5. juncea ramosa P, & B.
Doellingeria umbellata (JZ7/7.) Nees
Bidens Beckii Zovr.

Aster divaricatus Z.

divar. cymulosus Aurgess
macr. velutinus Burgess
acuminatus JZx.
cordifolius Z.
amethystinus WVz#z.

patens Azz. -

lateriflorus (Z.) Britton
puniceus ZL.

Novi-Belgiu Z.
Gnaphalium decurrens /ves

G. obtusifolium Z.
Xanthium strumarium Z.
Senecio vulgaris Z.

Tanacetum vulgare Z.
Hieracium Marianum W7//d,
Nabalus Boottii DC.

N. nanus (Ligel.) DC.

N. albus (L.) Hook.

N. altissimus (Z.) Hook,

IN: serpentarius (Push) Hook.
Lobelia inflata Z.

L. Dortmanna Z.

Campanula rotundifolia Z.
Vaccinium uliginosum Z.

V. Pennsylvanicum Lay.
Chamaedaphne calyculata (Z.) Moench
Ledum Groenlandicum Oder
Rhodora Canadensis Z.

Pyrola elliptica Vz77.

Kalmia glauca Azz.

K. angustifolia Z.

Plantago Virginica Z,

Trientalis Americana Pursh

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

Ilex monticola Gray
Ilicioides mucronata (Z.) Britton
Gentiana linearis /voe/.

Veronicaarvensis Z.
ee
V. serpyllifolia Z.
Chelone glabra Z.
Stachys palustris Z.

peregrina Z.

Diapensia Lapponica Z.
Sassafras Sassafras (Z.) Karst.
Polygonum scandens Z. :
Rumex crispus Z.

R. Britannica L.
Ke. Patientia Z.
Razoumofskya pusilla (P2.) Kuntze
Amaranthus paniculatus Z.
Chenopodium album Z.

Cc. : album viride (Z.) JZoq.
Euphorbia nutans Lag

Fraxinus Americana Z.

Empetrum nigrum Z.

Corema Conradii Zorr.

Utricularia intermedia Hayne

Alnus Alnobetula Koch

Betula nigra Z.

B. papyrifera Marsh.

Salix sericea Marsh.

S. _ petiolaris Sm.

Populus bals. candicans Gray

Pinus Strobus Z.

EB: divaricata (Azt.) Sudw.

Picea Canadensis (J77//.) B. S. P.
Larix laricina (Du Roi) Koch

Tsuga Canadensis Carr. : ’
Abies -balsamea (Z.) J777/.

Juniperus nana WiZ/d.

T nana alpina (Gazd.)
J. Sabina Z.
if: Virginiana LZ, -

Thuja occidentalis Z.
Chamaecyparis thyoides (Z ) 2. S. P.

Taxus minor (J/x.) Britton

Sparganium simplex Ads.

5. simp. angustifolium (J/x.)
S. andr. fluctuans Morong
Potamogeton Oakesianus Aoddins

Sagittaria rigida Pursh

mM

PE PA EO Oe

i}

PA

625

Sagittaria latifolia Wzd/d.

Vagnera trifolia (Z.) Morong
racemosa (L.) Morong
Streptopus roseus J7x,

S. amplexifolius (Z.) DC.
Trillium undulatum W2d/d,

ae grand. variegatum P2.
| Sisyrinchium angustifolium Jz.
| Arisaema triph. pusillum P2.

| Habenaria lacera (M/x.) &. Br.

EE,
H.
Peramium repens (Z.) Salzsd.

bracteata R. Br.
orbiculata (Pursh) Torr.

_ Medeola Virginiana Z.

Juncus militaris Bzge/.

J: filiformis Z.

i Can. brevicaudatus Zxgelm.
Scirpus Torreyi O/ney

_ Eriophorum Virginicum Z.

E. Virginicum album Gray

| Carex arctata Boott

altocaulis (Dew.) Britton

Bigelovii Zorr.

canescens L.

deflexa Hornem.

formosa Dew,

laxiflora Zam.

lenticularis JZx.

pedicellata (Dew.) Britton
scirpoidea J7/x.

stricta xerocarpa (Wright) Britton

jG. utriculata Boott

Agrostis rubra Z. ’
hyemalis ( Walt.) B. S. P.
Calamagrostis breviseta (Gr.) Scrién.
C. Canadensis (M7x.) Bu.
Cinna arundinacea Z.

Zizania aquatica L.

Danthonia compressa Aust.
Trisetum subspicatum (Z.) Sv.
Bromus ciliatus Z.

Panicum Crus-galli Z.

Poa compressa JZ.

Avena striata pallida P£,

Savastana alpina (Sw.)

Elymus Canadensis Z.

Andropogon scoparius J/x.

626 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Botrychium obliquum MZ/uh/.

Asplenium Filix-foemina (Z.) Bernh.
Lycopedium Selago Z. -
Ts, complanatum Z.
L. obscurum Z.
L. clavatum Z.
L. annot. pungens Spring.
Sphagnum acutifolium Zzrh.
5. squarrosum fers.
S. cuspidatum /hrh.
B

CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

Sphagnum intermedium /offm.
S. Wulfianum Girgen.

S; strictum Lindl.

Jungermannia gracilis Scleich. -

Russula foetens (fers.) Fr.
Stropharia aeruginosa Cz7t.

Gymnosporangium clavariiforme Rees

Hydnum Erinaceus 4z//,
i. Caput-ursi 77.

ae Cap. brevispineum P&,

Mrs E. C, Anthony, Gouverneur, N. Y.

Uromyces caryophyllinus (Schrank) Schroet.

Mrs L. A. Millington,
Circaea alpina Z.

New Russia, N. Y.

Mrs C. S. Maurice, Athens, Pa.

Lepiota rhacodes V77t.

Mrs M. A. Knickerbocker, New York.

Hypholoma sublateritium Schaef. |
Miss L. W. Roberts
Glaucium Glaucium (Z.) Aarst.

Mrs E. G. Britton,
Bryoziphium Norvegicum (rid.) Mitt.

Collybia velutipes Curt.

; wyracuse, Na:

New Dorp, N. Y.

Mrs E. Watrous, New York.

Conopholis Americana Waldir,

L. M. Underwood, New York.

Gymnosporangium Nidus-avis 7haxter

F. G, Howland, Saratoga, N. Y.

Lepiota solidipes P&.
Cantharellus cinnabarinus Schw.

Morchella esculenta (Z.) Pers.

M. deliciosa 77.

i. E. Fenno, Barton; N.Y.

Oxalis violacea ZL.
Cuscuta Coryli Engelm.
Carex laxiflora Zam.

ces pedunculata Muh.
Cinna arundinacea Z.

Eragrostis pilosa (Z.) Bu.

E: hypnoides (Zam.) B. S. P,
E. Frankii Steud.

E. Purshii Schrad,

E. major /Zost.

E. A. Burt, Middlebury, Vt.

Lepiota rubrotincta PA.
Clitocybe eccentrica P2.
Hygrophorus pudorinus FP,
Lactarius pubescens 77,
Pholiota discolor P2,
Crepidotus dorsalis Pz.

C. versutus P2,

Cortinarius pholideus /7.
Polyporus planus P2,

Pp; maculatus Ps,
Poria vaporaria #7.

Hydnum albidum P&.

Anthostoma adustum (C, & 7.) Sace.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 627

F. J. Braendle, Washington, D. C.
* Merulius rubellus P2.,

BACs Hawe, Troy, N.Y:
Irpex canescens /7,

; H. P. Burt, New Bedford, Mass.
Polyporus admirabilis Pz.

G. E. Morris, Waltham, Mass.

Cortinarius cinnabarinus /7. | Hygrophorus Morrisii PA,

H. W. Barratt, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Clitocybe monadelpha Jorg.
F. R. Rathbun, Auburn, N. Y.

Stropharia aeruginosa (Curt.) Lr. Polyporus flavovirens B. & R.

Boletus scaber 47.

Charles McIlvaine, Colebrook, Pa.
Lepiota rhacodes Vt. Cyclomyces Greenii Berk.

Flammula aliena P2.

P. H. Dudley, New York.

Lentinus lepideus /7.. | Geaster triplex Jungh.
G. H. Nye, Auburn, N. Y.

Hydnum Caput-ursi brevispineum 72,

G. H. Nye and W. G. Cowell, Auburn, N. Y.
Hydnum Caput-ursi 77. | Hydnum Erinaceus 4u//,

J. C. Arthur, Lafayette, Ind.

Puccinia Windsoriae Schw. | Puccinia Bolleyana Sacc.

M. S. Baxter, Rochester, N. Y.
Salsola Tragus Z.

F. N. Otis, Catskill, N. Y.

Hypholoma sublateritium Schaef.

= G. E. Francis, Worcester, Mass.
Tricholoma piperatum PA. Hygrophorus sordidus P.
Craterellus corrugis P2, Ek hypothejus 77,

E. .B. Sterling;; Trenton, N. J.

Lentodium squamulosum Jorg.

R. F. Dearborn, Lynn, Mass.
Agaricus maritimus P£.

Hollis Webster, East Milton, Mass.
Lepiota rhacodes V7tz.

Elam Bartholomew, Rockport, Kan.
Pholiota comosa /7.

J. J. Davis, Racine, Wis.

Doassansia Zizaniae Davis | Physoderma Plantago Walir.

628 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

C
LIST OF CHANGED NAMES

608 changed names, 26 double names

Manual

. Actaea spicata var. rubra Azz.
Anemone Pennsylvanica Z.
A
Hepatica acutiloba DC.

Tas triloba Chazx.
Anemonella thalictroides Spach
Ranunculus multifidus Push

nemorosa ZL.

R. abortivus var. micranthus
Gray

R. ambigens Wats.

R, Flammula var. reptans £.
Meyer

R. circinatus S7zd¢h.

Re aquatilis var. trichophyllus
Gray

R. Ficaria Z.

R Cymbalaria Pursh

Magnolia glauca Z.
Brasenia peltata Pursh
Nymphaea odorata Azz.

N reniformis DC,
Nuphar advena Azz.
N. Kalmianum 4/7.

Glaucium luteum Scop.
Adlumia cirrhosa Raf.
Dicentra Cucullaria DC.

DB: Canadensis DC.

1D: eximia DC.

Corydalis glauca Pursh

c. flavula Raf.

Cc. aurea Wedld.

Cardamine rhomboidea DC, |
(Gis rhomboidea var, purpurea 7077.

Arabis perfoliata Zam.
ey,
Alyssum calycinum JZ.

confinis Wats. ©

Nasturtium officinale 2. Ar.
sylvestre 2. Br.
palustre DC.

palustre var. hispidum Gray |

eat

: lacustre Gray

fede ole

Lllustrated flora

Actaea rubra (Az¢.) Willd.
Anemone Canadensis Z.
A.
Hepatica acuta (Pursh) Britton
Eb. Hepatica (Z.) Karst.
Syndesmon thalictroides (L.) Hoff.
Ranunculus delphinifolius Zorr.
R.

quinquefolia Z.

micranthus /VzZt.

R.
R.

obtusiusculus Raf.
reptans ZL.

Batrachium divaricatum (Schrank)
B. trichophyllum (Chaix.) Bossch

Ficaria Ficaria (Z.) Kazst.

Oxygraphis Cymbalaria (Purshk) Prantl.
Magnolia Virginiana Z.

Brasenia purpurea (J/x.) Casp.

Castalia odorata (Dryand) W. & W.

G: tuberosa (Paine) Greene
Nymphaea advena Soland.

N;
Glaucium Glaucium (Z.) Karst.

microphylla ers.

Adlumia fungosa (Azt.) Greene
Bicuculla Cucullaria (Z.) AZzl/sp.

B. Canadensis (Goldie) Millsp.
B. eximia (Ker.) Millsp. —
_ Capnoides sempervirens (Z.) Borck.
ae flavulum (Raf.) Kuntze
c aureum ( Willd.) Kuntze

Cardamine bulbosa (Schred.) B.S. P.
c purpurea (Zorr.) Britton
Arabis glabra (Z.) Bernh.

A. brachycarpa (7. & G.) Britton
Alyssum alyssoides (Z.) Gouan
Roripa Nasturtium (Z.) Ausdy
sylvestris (Z.) Bess.

palustris (Z.) Bess.

hispida (Dew.) Britton
Americana (Gray) Britton

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

Manual

Nasturtium Armoracia /7ies
Barbarea vulgaris var. stricta Gray

B. vulgaris var. arcuata Gray
Sisymbrium Alliaria Scop.

S. canescens (Vu te.

Ss. Thaliana Gawd.
Brassica Sinapistrum Zozss.

B alba Boiss.

‘ Capsella Bursa-pastoris Moench
Lepidium intermedium Gray
Cakile Americana Vit.

Lechea major J/x.

L. thymifolia 17x.

L. minor var. maritima Gray
Viola palmata var. cucullata Gray
_V. blanda var. renifolia Grav

V. __ pubescens var. scabriuscula 7. & G.

V. —_scanina var. Muhlenbergii Gray
Solea concolor Ging.

Saponaria Vaccaria Z.

Silene Cucubulus W2ée/

S. Pennsylvanica J7/x.
Lychnis vespertina S762.
L. diurna Szd¢h.

L. Githago Lam.
Arenaria Michauxii Hook. f.
BN lateriflora Z.

eee peploides Z.
Stellaria media Swzzth

S. longifolia Muh.
5. longipes Goldie
5. graminea ZL,

S. borealis Bigel.

Cerastium nutans Raf.

Buda marina Dumort.

B. rubra Dumort.

Ascyrum Crux-Andreae Z.
Hypericum Canadense var. majus Gray
lag nudicaule Walt.
Elodes campanulata Pursh

Malva crispa L.

Abutilon Avicennae Gaerin.
Oxalis corniculata var. stricta Sav.
Impatiens pallida Vit.

Ms fulva V2ét.
Nemopanthes fascicularis Raf.

Lilustrated flora

_Roripa Armoracia (Z.) Hitche.

Barbarea stricta Andrz.

iB: Barbarea (Z.) MacM.,
Alliaria Alliaria (Z.) Britton
Sophia pinnata ( Walt.) Britton
Stenophragma Thaliana (Z.) Ce/ak.
Brassica arvensis (Z.) B. S. P.
Sinapis alba Z.

Bursa Bursa-pastoris (L.) Britton
Lepidium apetalum W7//d.
Cakile edentula (Lzge/.) Hook.
Lechea villosa £72.

ales minor Z,
L. maritima Leggett
Viola obliqua Az2/

V. renifolia Gray

V. — scabriuscula (7. & G.) Schw.
V. __Labradorica Schrank
Cubelium concolor (Forst.) Raf.
Vaccaria Vaccaria (Z.) Britton

Silene vulgaris (A/oench) Garcke

S. Caroliniana Wald.
Lychnis alba A727.

L. dioica Z.

Agrostemma Githago Z.
Arenaria stricta AZx.

Moehringia lateriflora (Z.) Fenzl,
Ammodenia peploides (L.) Rugr.
Alsine media Z.

ae longifolia (Zuhl.) Bretton
A. longipes (Goldie) Coville
val graminea (L.) Britton

ie borealis (Ligel.) Britton
Cerastium longipedunculatum M/uhi.
Tissa marina (Z.) Lritton

T. rubra (L.) Britton
Ascyrum hypericoides Z.
Hypericum majus (Gray) Brition
Sarothra gentianoides Z.
Triadenum Virginicum (Z.) Raf.
Malva verticillata crispa Z.
Abutilon Abutilon (Z.) Rusby
Oxalis stricta Z.

Impatiens aurea Wuh/.

if, biflora Wald. .
Ilicioides mucronata (Z.) Britton

629

630

Manual

Euonymus Americanus obovatus
Di AG.

Vitis riparia Ax.

var.

Ampelopsis quinquefolia A/x.

Acer saccharinum Wang.

A. saccharinum var. nigrum 7. & G.

A. dasycarpum Zhrh.

Negundo aceroides Moench

Rhus typhina Z.

R. —_-venenata DC.

R. —_ Toxicodendron Z.

AR: Canadensis AZarsh.

Polygala sanguinea Z.

ls verticillata var. ambigua Gray

Tephrosia Virginiana Pers.

Astragalus Canadensis Z.

A. Cooperi Gray

Desmodium nudiflorum DC,

acuminatum DC.
rotundifolium DC.
canescens DC,
cuspidatum 7. & G,
laevigatum DC,
viridiflorum Beck
Dillenii Dard.
paniculatum DC.
Canadense DC.
rigidum DC.
ciliare DC.

: Marilandicum /. Boott

Lespedeza procumbens J/x, (7 part)

Peis sel sess

1 reticulata Pers.

L. Stuvei var. intermedia Wats,
1G polystachya J7/x.
Stylosanthes elatior Sw.

Vicia Americana var. linearis Wats.

V. sativa var. angustifolia Ser.
Lathyrus palustris var. myrtifolius Gray
Apios tuberosa Moench

Phaseolus perennis Walz.
Strophostyles angulosa £//,

5. peduncularis £7//,
Amphicarpaea monoica /V27z.

Galactia pilosa 2/7.

Gymnocladus Canadensis Lam.
Physocarpus opulifolius Maxim.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lllustrated flora

Euonymus obovatus WVuiz.

Vitis vulpina Z.
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Z,) Planch,
Acer Saccharum Marsh.

YEN nigrum AT x.

A. saccharinum Z,

A. Negundo Z.

Rhus hirta (Z.) Sudw.
R, Vernix

R. radicans Z,

R. aromatica Azz.
Polygala viridescens Z.
184 ambigua /Vutz,
Cracca Virginiana Z.

Astragalus Carolinianus Z.
Phaca neglecta 7. & G.
Meibomia nudiflora (Z.) Kuntze

M. grandiflora (Wadlt.) Kuntze
M. Michauxii Vaz/7.

M. canescens (2). Kuntze
M. bracteosa (A7x.) Kuntze
M. laevigata (Vutt.) Kuntze
M. viridiflora (Z.) AKundize
M. Dillenii (Darl.) Kuntze
M. paniculata (Z.) Kuntze
MM. Canadensis (Z.) Auntze
M. rigida (ZW/.) Kuntze

M. obtusa (JZuhl.) Kuntze
M. Marylandica (L.) Kuntze
Lespedeza repens (L.) Bart.

L. Virginica (Z.) Britton
L; frutescens (Z.) Britton
L. hirta (Z.) 2/1.

Stylosanthes biflora (Z.) B. S. P.
Vicia linearis (/Vudt.) Greene

V. angustifolia Roth

Lathyrus myitifolius AZzh/.

Apios Apios (Z.) MacM.

Phaseolus polystachyus (Z.) B. S. P.
Strophostyles helvola (Z.) Britton

S. umbellata (AZuhl.) Britton
Falcata comosa (Z.) Kuntze .
Galactia volubilis (Z.) Britton
Gymnocladus dioica (Z,) Koch
Opulaster opulifolius (Z.) Kuntze

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

Manual
Gillenia trifoliata Moench
G. stipulacea Vu7t.

Rubus triflorus Azchardson

R. villosus var. humifusus 7. & G.
Geum album Gmelin

G. triflorum Pursh

Fragaria Indica Z.

Potentilla Norvegica Z.

1oe supina L,

Bs palustris Scop.
Poterium Canadense B. & ZH.
P. ‘Sanguisorba Z.

Rosa Engelmanni Wats.

R. Sayi Schw.

im lucida Kir.

Pyrus coronaria L.

B, arbutifolia Z. f

BR; arbutifolia var. melanocarpa ook.
E. Americana DC.

Pe sambucifolia C..& S.

Crataegus Pyracantha Pers.

(Se parviflora Azz.
Cc: coccinea var, mollis 7. & G.
C. coccinea var.macracantha Dud/.

Amelanchier Canadensis var. rotundifolia
Ee eG,

A. Canadensis var. oblongifolia 7. & G.

Ribes
Maxim.

rubrum var. subglandulosum
Tillaea simplex /Vziz.

Drosera intermedia var. Americana DC,
Myriophyllum ambiguum (Viz.
Proserpinaca pectinacea Lam.

Callitriche deflexa var. Austini Hege/m.
C. verna L.

Cc. autumnalis Z.

Cuphea viscosissima Jacq.

Epilobium angustifolium Z.

ee glandulosum Lehm.
OEnothera biennis Z.

OE. biennis var. cruciata 7, & G.
OE. biennis var. grandiflora Zinzd/.
OE. pumila Z,

OE. fruticosa LZ.

OE...” fruticosa var. linearis Wats.
OE. fruticosa var humifusa A lex

631
Lllustrated flora
Porteranthus trifoliatus (Z.) Britton
Ve stipulatus (Zul ) Britton

Rubus Americanus (Pers.) Britton

R. Baileyanus Britton

Geum Canadense J/acg.

G. ciliatum Pursh

Duchesnea Indica (Azdr.) Focke
Potentilla Monspeliensis Z.

PB, paradoxa Vutt.

Comarum palustre LZ.

Sanguisorba Canadensis Z.

5. Sanguisorba (L.) Britton
Rosa acicularis Lzzd/,

R. acicularis Lzza/.

R. humilis lucida (Z%rh.) Best
Malus coronaria (L.) A/7/2.

Aronia arbutifolia (Z.) £7.

1 nigra (Willd.) Britton

Sorbus Americana JZarsh.

S. sambucifolia (C. GS.) Roem.
Cotoneaster Pyracantha (L.) Spach
Crataegus uniflora AZoench

C. mollis (7. & G.) Scheele
c; macracantha Lodd.
Amelanchier rotundifolia (J7x.) Roem.

Js ; Botryapium (ZL. /,) DC.
Ribes rubrum JZ.

Tillaea aquatica Z.

Drosera intermedia Hayne
Myriophyllum humile (Raf) Morong
Proserpinaca pectinata Lam.

Callitriche Austini Lxgel/m.

Cc. palustris Z.

Cc. bifida (L.) Morong
Parsonsia petiolata (Z.) Rusby
Chamaenerion angustifolium (Z.) Scop.
Epilobium adenocaulon Hawssk.
Onagra biennis (Z.) Scop.

O. cruciata (Vutt.) Small

©. biennis grandiflora (Az¢.) Lindl.
Kneiffia pumila (Z.) Spach

KS fruticosa (Z.) Raimann

Ke: linearis (AZx.) Spach

K,. Alleni (Britton) Small

632
Manual

Echinocystis lobata 7'.& G.
Opuntia vulgaris J2//.

Angelica hirsuta JZwh/.
Conioselinum Canadense 7. & G.
Tiedemannia rigida C. & &.
Cryptotaenia Canadensis DC.
Discopleura capillacea DC.
Osmorrhiza brevistylis DC.

O. longistylis DC.

Sanicula Marylandica var. Canadensis
Torr.

Aralia quinquefolia D. & P.

A. trifolia D, & P.

Thaspium aureum /Vziz.

A aureum var. atropurpureum
Cre ite

Crantzia lineata ute.

Carum Petroselinum Zexth.
Cornus sericea Z.

Cac* paniculata LFLTEP:
Sambucus racemosa £.
Viburnum lantanoides J7~x.
Symphoricarpos vulgaris 17x.
S

ie racemosus var. pauciflorus

Robbins

Lonicera glauca 4/2//

Diervilla trifida Moench

Houstonia purpurea var. ciliolata Gray

Hy, purpurea var. longifolia Gray

Oldenlandia glomerata J7x.

Galium trifidum var. latifolium Zorr.

G. trifidum var. pusillum Gray

Valerianella olitoria Po//.

Mikania scandens Z.

Eupatorium teucrifolium W7//d.

E. rotundifolium var. ovatum
Torr.

Liatris cylindracea J/x.

I. scariosa Willd.

L. spicata Widid.

Solidago latifolia Z.

S: bicolor var. concolor 7. & G.
S. Virgaurea var. alpina Bige/.
Ss. humilis Pursh

_ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lllustrated flora

Micrampelis lobata (JZx.) Greene
Opuntia Opuntia (Z.) Coule.

Angelica villosa (Walt.) B. S. P.
Conioselinum Chinense (Z.) &. S. P.
Oxypolis rigidus (Z.) Britton

Deringa Canadensis (Z.) Kuztze
Ptilimnium capillaceum (A/x.) Aollick
Washingtonia Claytoni (J7x.) Britton
W. longistylis (Zorr.) Britton
Sanicula Canadensis Z.

Panax quinquefolium Z.
P. trifolium Z.
Thaspium
Britton
be trifoliatum (Z.) Britton

trifoliatum aureum (JVz?z.)

Lilaeopsis lineata (J7x.) Greene

Apium Petroselinum Z.

Cornus Amonum 4777/2.

& candidissima Marsh.

Sambucus pubens J7Zx.

Viburnum alnifolium Warsh. .

Symphoricarpos (Z.9
Mac M,

S. pauciflorus
Britton

Lonicera dioica Z.

Diervilla Diervilla (Z.) AZac M.

Houstonia ciliolata Zorr.

Symphoricarpos

(Robbins)

i longifolia Gaertn.
Oldenlandia uniflora Z.

Galium tinctorium Z.

G, trifidum Z.

Valerianella Locusta (Z.) Be/the
Willugbaea scandens (L.) Kuntze
Eupatorium verbenaefolium J7x,
E. pubescens AZuh.

Lacinaria cylindracea (A7x.) Kuntze

ib. *' > scariosa 77) > Afgan
L. spicata (Z.) Kuntze
Solidago flexicaulis Z.

S hispida JZuh/.

S. alpestris W. & XK.

S. Purshii Porter

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 633

Manual
Solidago speciosa var. angustata 7. & G.
Ss. neglecta var. linoides Gray
S. Canadensis var. scabra 7. & G.
S. lanceolata ZL.
S- tenuifolia Pursh

Sericocarpus conyzoides /Vees
5. solidagineus /Vees
Aster corymbosus 47z.

A. patens var. phlogifolius /Vees
A. ericoides var. Pringlei Gray
A. diffusus Azz, :
A. diffusus var. thyrsoideus Gray
A. diffusus var. bifrons Gray

A. diffusus var. hirsuticaulis Gray
A. — puniceus var. laevicaulis Gray
A. umbellatus J/7//.

AG infirmus: 17x.

A. linariifolius Z.

Erigeron Canadensis Z.

EK. strigosus Juhl. -

E. bellidifolius Wah.

Filago Germanica Z.

Gnaphalium polycephalum J/x.
Heliopsis laevis Pers.

Lepachys pinnata 7. & G.
Actinomeris squarrosa Vu‘.
Coreopsis trichosperma J7/x.

Cres discoidea 7. & G.

Bidens connata var. comosa Gray

B. chrysanthemoides J/x.

Senecio aureus var obovatus 7. & G.

Si “aureus var. Balsamitae 7. & G.

Cacalia suaveolens Z.

Cc; atriplicifolia Z.

Arctium Lappa var. tomentosum Gray
A, Lappa var. minus Gray
Cnicus lanceolatus Hoffm.

horridulus Pursh

altissimus W7d/d.

altissimus var. discolor Gray.
muticus Pursh

pumilus Zorr.

(229900

arvensis //ojfnz.
Krigia Virginica Willd.

1G amplexicaulis /Vz7¢.
Prenanthes racemosa J/x.

Lllustrated flora
Solidago rigidiuscula (7. & G.) Porter
S. uniligulata (DC.) Porter
SD. Canadensis scabriuscula Porter

_Euthamia graminifolia (Z.) /Vwtz.

E. Caroliniana (L.) Greene.
Sericocarpus asteroides (Z.) B.S. P.
5. linifolius (Z.) B. S. P.

Aster divaricatus Z,

phlogifolius AZwhl, _

Pringlei (Gray) Britton

lateriflorus (Z.) Britton

lateriflorus thyrsoideus( Gr.) Sheldon
lateriflorus grandis Porter
hirsuticaulis Lind/.

PPP PRP DP

‘puniceus firmus /Vees
Weclingevis umbellata (A7Zz//.) Nees
iD infirma (J7x.) Greene
Ionactis linariifolius (Z.) Greene
Leptilon Canadense (Z.) Britton
Erigeron ramosus ( Walt.) B. S. P.
E. pulchellus J7Zx.

Gifola Germanica (Z.) Dumort.

-Gnaphalium obtusifolium Z.

Heliopsis helianthoides (Z.) B. S. P.
Ratibida pinnata ( Vent.) Barnhart
Verbesina alternifolia (Z.) Britton
Bidens trichosperma (J7x.) Britton
B. discoidea (7. & G.) Britton
B. comosa (Gray) Wiegand

B. laevisy (2) eBoS 2.

Senecio obovatus JZzh/.

S. Balsamitae J/uh/.

Synosma suaveolens (Z.) Raf.
Mesadenia atriplicifolia (Z.) Raf.
Arctium tomentosum (Lam.) Schk.
As minus Schk,

Carduus lanceolatus Z.
spinosissimus Wad.
altissimus Z.

discolor (AZuh/.) Nutt.
muticus (A7x.) Pers.
odoratus (A&uhl.) Porter
arvensis (Z.) Rods.
feeeercs Carolinianum (Wa/z.) noe
A. Virginicum (Z.) Kuntze!
Nabalus racemosus (/x.) DC.

CECE RE Guel@

634

Manual
Prenanthes alba Z.
- ' serpentaria Pursh
Be serpentaria var. nana Gray
r. altissima Z.
PS Boottii Gray

Taraxacum officinale Weber

Lactuca integrifolia Bigel.

L. acuminata Gray

1 leucophaea Gray

Specularia perfoliata 4. DC.

Vaccinium corymbosum var. atrococcum
Gray

Vv Oxycoccus Z.

ys macrocarpon Azz.

Chiogenes serpyllifolia Salzsd.

Andromeda Mariana Z.

ie ligustrina AZuh/,

Cassandra calyculata Dow.

Rhododendron viscosum 7Zo7r.

R. viscosum var. glaucum
Gray

i ee viscosum var. nitidum
Gray

R. nudiflorum Zorr.

R. calendulaceum 7orr.

R; Rhodora Doz.

Ledum latifolium 47zz¢.

Moneses grandiflora Sa/isé.

Pyrola rotundifolia var. asarifolia Hook.
Py rotundifolia var. uliginosa Gray
Monotropa Hypopitys Z.
Statice Limonium var. Caroliniana Gray
Steironema longifolium Gray
Lysimachia stricta Azz.

i thyrsiflora Z.

Samolus Valerandi var. Americanus G7.
Fraxinus pubescens Zam.

F. viridis J7Zx.

FP, sambucifolia Zam.

Asclepias Cornuti Dec.

A. incarnata var. pulchra Pers.
A. phytolaccoides Pursh
Vincetoxicum nigrum JZoench

Erythraea ramosissima Pers.

Sabbatia chloroides Pursh

Gentiana serrata Gunner

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lllustrated flora
Nabalus albus (Z.) Hook.
nN: serpentarius (Pursh) Hook.
N. nanus (4igel.) DC.
N. altissimus (Z.) Hook.
IN. Boottii DC.

Taraxacum Taraxacum (Z.) Karst.
Lactuca sagittifolia £7/,

1 Bs villosa Jacq.

L: spicata (Lam.) Hitche.
Legouzia perfoliata (Z.) Britton
Vaccinium atrococcum (Gray) Heller

Oxycoccus Oxycoccus (Z.) Mac MW,

CS: macrocarpus (42z¢.) Pers.
Chiogenes hispidula (Z.) 7. & G. ~
Pieris Mariana (Z.) B. & H,
Xolisma ligustrina (Z.) Britton.
Chamaedaphne calyculata (Z.) Moench
Azalea viscosa LZ,

A. viscosa glauca J/x,

A. viscosa nitida (Pursh) Britton
A. nudiflora Z.

Pe lutea Z.

Rhodora Canadensis Z,

Ledum Groenlandicum O£der

Moneses uniflora (Z.) Gray

Pyrola asarifolia JZx.

P. uliginosa 7orr:

Hypopitys Hypopitys (Z.) Small
Limonium Carolinianum ( Walt.) Britton
Steironema quadriflorum (Sims) Aittche.
Lysimachia terrestris (Z ) B. S. P.
Naumbergia thyrsiflora (Z.) Duby

‘Samolus floribundus WH. &. XK.

Fraxinus Pennsylvanica Marsh.

F. lanceolata Borck.

FP. nigra Marsh.
Asclepias Syriaca Z.

A. pulchra ZkrA.

A. exaltata (Z.) Muhl.

Cynanchum nigrum (Z.) Pers.
Erythraea pulchella (Sw.) “ries
Sabbatia dodecandra (Z.) &. S. P.
Gentiana detonsa Fotté.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

Manual

Gentiana quinqueflora Zam,

G. linearis var. lanceolata Gray

Halenia deflexa Griseé.

‘Bartonia tenella J/uh/.

Polemonium caeruleum Gray

Echinospermum Virginicum Lehm.

E. Lappula Lehm.,

Myosotis verna JVuiz.

Lithospermum hirtum Zehm.

Convolvulus sepium var. Americanus S7zs

Cuscuta tenuiflora Engel.

C. inflexa Yngelm.

Physalis Virginiana 477/72,

Nicandra physaloides Gaertn.

Linaria vulgaris 1/7//,

L. Elatine 47/7/7.

Scrophularia nodosa var. Marilandica
Gray '

Pentstemon pubescens Soland.

ee laevigatus Soland.

Limosella aquatica var. tenuifolia Yoffm.

Ilysanthes riparia Raf.

Veronica Anagallis Z.

NV. Buxbaumii Zenore

Gerardia pedicularia Z.

G. flava L.
G. quercifolia Pursh
G. purpurea var. paupercula Gray

‘

Melampyrum Americanum J7/x.
Epiphegus Virginiana Bart.
Aphyllon uniflorum Gray
Catalpa bignonioides Wad.
Martynia proboscidea Glox.
Isanthus caeruleus J/x,
Mentha viridis Z.
M. aquatica var. crispa Benth.
M. Canadensis var. glabrata Benth.
Lycopus sinuatus £//.
Cunila Mariana Z.
Pycnanthemum lanceolatum Pursh
~ dinifolium Pursh
muticum' Pers.
muticum var. pilosum Gray
- Torreyi Benth.
-clinopodioides Gray

Pere ee Sood

incanum J/~x.

Lllustrated flora

Gentiana quinquefolia Z.

G. rubricaulis Schw.
Tetragonanthus deflexus (Smzth) Kuntse
Bartonia Virginica (Z.) B. S. P.
Polemonitim Van Bruntiae Britton
Lappula Virginiana (L.) Greene

die, Lappula (L.) Karst.

Myosotis Virginica (Z.) B. S. P.
Lithospermum Gmelini (J/x.) Hitche.
Convolvulus sepium Z.

Cuscuta Cephalanthi Exgelm.

Cc: Coryli Engelm.

Physalis heterophylla ees

Physalodes Physalodes (L.) Britton
Linaria Linaria (Z.) Karst.
Elatinoides Elatine (Z.) Wettst.
Scrophularia Marylandica ZL.

Pentstemon hirsutus (Z.) Willd.

Ee | Pentstemon (L.) Britton
Limosella tenuifolia Hoffm.
Ilysanthes gratioloides (Z.) Benth.
Veronica Anagallis-aquatica Z.

V. Byzantina (S. & S.) B.S. P.
Dasystoma Pedicularia (L.) Benth.

13% flava (Z.) Wood

Dares Virginica (Z.) Britton

Gerardia paupercula (Gray) Britton
Melampyrum lineare Lam.
Leptamnium Virginianum (Z ) Raf.
Thalesia uniflora (Z.) Britton
Catalpa Catalpa (L.) Karst.
Martynia Louisiana J7/2//.

Isanthus brachyatus (Z.) B. S. P.
Mentha spicata L.

M. crispa Z.

M. Canadensis ZL. (2% part)
Lycopus Americanus JZwh/.

Cunila origanoides (ZL.) Britten
Koellia Virginiana (Z.) MacM.
flexuosa ( Walt.) MacM.
mutica (A/x.) Britton
pilosa (Vutt.) Britton
verticillata ((7x.) Kuntze
clinopodioides (7. & G.) Kuntze
incana (L.) Kuntze

636

Manual
Calamintha Clinopodium Lentzh,
ic. Nuttallii Gray

Lophanthus nepetoides Bezth.
L.- scrophulariaefolius Benth.

Nepeta Glechoma Senih.
Brunella vulgaris Z.

Stachys aspera var. glabra Gray
Plantago decipiens Larneoud

P. Patagonica var. aristata Gray
Py pusilla Vzd¢.

Amarantus hypochondriacus Li

fae paniculatus Z.

aN ‘ chlorostachys W2d/d.

A. albus Z.

Acnida tuberculata var. subnuda Wats.

Chenopodium capitatum Wazs.
Cc ambrosioides var.anthelmin-
ticum G7.
Atriplex patulum var. hastatum G7.
A. patulum var. dittorale Gr.
Salicornia mucronata Bige/,
Suaeda linearis Jog.
Rumex maritimus Z.
Fagopyrum esculentum JZoench
Polygonum lapathifolium var. incarnatum
Wats.
Muhlenbergii Wats.
acre AaB AK,
dumetorum var. scandens G7,
cuspidatum S. & Z,
iceatiobinn pusillum P2,

td

Euphorbia Preslii Guss.

Acalypha Virginica var. gracilescens
Muell.

Maclura aurantiaca J27¢t.

Laportea Canadensis Gaud,

Pilea pumila Gray

Carya alba Vwtz,

sulcata Vutz.

tomentosa /Vwiz.

microcarpa /V2/¢. 3

porcina Vutt.

IAPR Die pie

amara /V2tt.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Illustrated flora’

Clinopodium* vulgare Z.

CG glabrum (Vutt.) Kuntze

Agastache nepetoides (Z.) Kuntze

oN scrophulariaefolia (Willd.)
Kuntze

Glecoma hederacea Z,

Prunella vulgaris Z.

Stachys tenuifolia W7d/d.

Plantago maritima Z,

Pe aristata JZx.

BP. elongata Pursh

Amaranthus hybridus L. (in part)

A. hybridus
Uo,

ex. hybridus Z. (2% part)

A. graecizans LZ.

tuberculata (JZoq.)

paniculatus

(Z.)

Acnida tamariscina
U. & B, (in part)

Blitum capitatum Z.

Chenopodium anthelminticum Z,

Atriplex hastata Z.

A. patula Z.

Salicornia Bigelovii Zorr.

Dondia Americana (Pers.) Britton
Rumex persicarioides Z.
Fagopyrum Fagopyrum (Z.) Karst.
Polygonum incarnatum £//,

emersum (J7x.) Britton.
punctatum £7/,
scandens ZL.

wii db

Zuccarinii Swzadl
Raeapunrles pusilla (Pk.) Kuntze
Euphorbia nutans Lag.

Acalypha gracilescens Gray

Toxylon pomiferum Raf,
Urticastrum divaricatum (Z.) Kuntze
Adicea pumila (Z.) Raf.

Hicoria ovata (M7Z7//.) Britton
laciniosa (AZx. 7.) Sarg.

alba (Z.) Britton

microcarpa (/Vutt.) Britton
glabra (A@z//.) Britton
minima ((arsh.) Britton

Bt om

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

/ _ Manual
Myrica asplenifolia Axa.

Alnus viridis DC.

A. serrulata Wil/d.

Ostrya Virginica Willd.

Quercus stellata Wang.

Q. - macrocarpa var, olivaeformis G7.
Q. bicolor Wid/d,

Q. Muhlenbergii Zxgelm.

Q. ilicifolia Wang.

Lee coccinea var. tinctoria Gray

Castanea sativa var. Americana Wats.

Fagus ferruginea 47z.

Salix longifolia AZuh/.

S. rostrata Richardson
Pinus inops Azz.

P. Banksiana Lam,

Le mitis AZx.

Picea nigra Lizk,

P. nigra var. rubra Enge/m.
P25 -alba Link.

Larix Americana 7x,
Chamaecyparis sphaeroidea Spach

Juniperus communis var. alpina Gaud.
tq _ Sabina var. procumbens Pursh

Taxus Canadensis Wid/d.
Elodea Canadensis J/x.
Microstylis monophyllos Zzzd/,
M. ophioglossoides Vwit.
Liparis liliifolia Richardson

L. Loeselii Richardson
Calypso borealis Sa/isé.
Tipularia discolor Vite.
Aplectrum hiemale /Vz7t.
Corallorhiza innata R. Br.
Spiranthes latifolia Zorr.

Ss. Romanzofhana Cham.
S. cernua Richardson
Ss. praecox Wats.

S. gracilis Bigel.

Ss. simplex Gray
Goodyera repens &. &r.

G. pubescens 2, Zr.

G. Menziesii Zind/.

Epipactis Helleborine Crantz
Calopogon pulchellus 2. Br.

Lllustrated flora
Comptonia peregrina (Z.) Cozlt.
Alnus Alnobetula (Zrh.) Koch
A. rugosa (Du Ror) Koch
Ostrya Virginiana (A/c//.) Willd,
Quercus minor (Marsh.) Sarg.

Q. -. macrocarpa A7Zx. (72 part)

Q. platanoides (Zam.) Sudw,

Q. acuminata (AZx.) Sarg.
© nana (Marsh.) Sarg.

OQ. velutina Lam.

Castanea dentata (AZarsh.) Borkh.
Fagus Americana Sweet

Salix fluviatilis Vu¢r,

S. Bebbiana Sarg.

Pinus Virginiana 4772/7,

cE. divaricata (Az¢.) Sudw.

BP. echinata J/7//..

Picea Mariana (J7z/2.) B.S. P.

Es rubra (Lamo.) Link,

P: Canadensis (JZz7/.) B. S. P.
Larix laricina (Du Roi) Koch
Chamaecyparis thyoides (Z.) B. S. P.
Juniperus nana Wild.

le Sabina Z.

Taxus minor (J/x.) Britton

Philotria Canadensis, (17x.) Britton
Achroanthes monophylla (Z.) Greene

A. unifolia (JZx.) Raf.
Leptorchis liliifolia (Z.) Kuntze
Ee Loeselii (Z.) MacM.

Calypso bulbosa (Z.) Oakes
Tipularia unifolia (MZuhl.) B. S. P.
Aplectrum spicatum ( Walt.) B. S. P.
Corallorhiza Corallorhiza (Z.) Kazst.
Gyrostachys plantaginea (Raf) Britton

G. Romanzoffiana (Cham.) MacM.
Gs cernua (L.) Kuntze

G. praecox ( Walt.) Kuntze

G. gracilis (Bigel.) Kunize

G. simplex (Gray) Kuntze
Peramium repens (Z.) Sadisé.

E. pubescens ( Willd.) MacM.

P. Menziesii (Zizzd?/.) Moroneg

Epipactis viridiflora (/offm.) Baten
Limodorum tuberosum Z,

637

638

Manual
Pogonia pendula Zind/.
Habenaria tridentata Hook.
Hi. virescens Spreng.
EL; Hookeri Zorr,
BH. fimbriata R. Br.

Cypripedium pubescens Wid/d,
C. spectabile Sz.
Lachnanthes tinctoria £//.
Belamcanda Chinensis Adans,
Sisyrinchium anceps Cav.
Hypoxis erecta Z.
Polygonatum giganteum Divedr.
Smilacina racemosa Desf.

S. stellata Desf.

5. trifolia Desf.
Maianthemum Canadense Desf.
Clintonia umbellata Zorr.
Oakesia sessilifolia Wats.
Trillium erythrocarpum J/x.
Chamaelirium Carolinianum W2//d.

Amianthium muscaetoxicum Gray

Heteranthera graminea Vahi.

Xyris flexuosa var. pusilla Gray

Juncus Balticus var. littoralis Exgelm.
alpinus var. insignis 47.

nodosus var. megacephalus Zorr.
Canad. var. longicaudatus Zxge/m.
Canad. var. brachycephalus Lxgelm-
Canad. var. coarctatus Zngelm.
uzula vernalis DC.

spadicea var. melanocarpa Meyer

Sell eR elt age ears ees

campestris DC.

Sparganium simplex var. androcladum
Engelm.

S. simplex var. fluitans Exgelm.

Peltandra undulata Raf.

Symplocarpus foetidus Saisé,

Alisma Plantago Z.

Sagittaria variabilis Zxgelm.

S. heterophylla Pursh

S. natans var. lorata Chapm.

Potamogeton Pennsylvanicus Cham.

P. hybridus JZx. F

P. rufescens Schrad,

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lllustrated flora

Pogonia trianthophora (S20:) BS ata
Habenaria clavellata (JZx.) Spreng.

Ele flava (L.) Gray

leh Hookeriana Gray

Et . grandiflora (Bigel.) Torr.
Cypripedium hirsutum J7/2//,

Ge reginae Walt,

Gyrotheca capitata (Walt.) Morong

Gemmingia Chinensis (Z.) Kuntze

Sisyrinchium graminoides Bicknell

Hypoxis hirsuta (Z.) Coville

Polygonatum commutatum(2&. & S.)Dietr,

Vagnera racemosa (L.) Morong

V. stellata (Z.) Morong

Ve. trifolia (Z.) MWorong

Unifolium Canadense (Desf) Greene

Clintonia umbellulata (17x.) Torr.

Uvularia sessilifolia Z

Trillium undulatum W7d/d.

Chamaelirium luteum (Z.) Gray

Chrosperma muscaetoxicum (Walz.) .
Kuntze

Heteranthera dubia (/acg.) MacM.

Xyris montana 4. Ries

Juncus Balticus Willd.

Richardsonianus Schult.

Torreyi Coville

Canadensis /. Gray

brachycephalus (Zugelm.) Buch.

.

Canadensis brevicaudatus Exgelm.

uncoides pilosum (ZL.) Awxtze
parviflorum (Z%rh,) Coville

_ campestre (L.) Kunize

Sparganium androcladum Lugelm.

S. androcladum fluctuans (/orong
Peltandra Virginica (Z.) Kunth
Spathyema foetida (Z.) Raf.

Alisma Plantago-aquatica Z.

Sagittaria latifolia W2l/d.

. rigida Pursh

5. subulata (Z.) Buch.
Potamogeton Nuttallii C. & S.
lay diversifolius Raf.
P, alpinus Badlédis

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

Manual

Potamogeton fluitans Poth

lee perfoliatus var. lanceolatus
Robbins

P. pauciflorus Pursh

BR; pauciflorus var. Niagarensis
(Zuckm.) Morong

BP: _ mucronatus Schrad.

P. Tuckermani Roddins

Naias Indica var. gracillima 4. Br.
Cyperus aristatus Roz¢d._

Cc. Torreyi Britton

Dulichium spathaceum fers.
Eleocharis quadrangulata A. Br.

E. compressa Szdlzv.

E. pygmaea Zorr.

Fimbristylis spadicea var. castanea Gray
F, capillaris Gray

Scirpus pungens Vahl.

5. maritimus var.macrostachyos J7/x.
5. sylvaticus var. digynus Boeck,
Eriophorum lineatum 3. & ZH.

E. cyperinum JZ.

E. cyperinum var. laxum Gray

Fuirena squarrosa var. pumila Zorr.
Hemicarpha subsquarrosa /Vees
Rhynchospora cephalantha Gray
IRE macrostachya Zorr.

Carex subulata J7x.

Michauxiana Boeck/.

Grayii Carey

lupulina var. polystachya S. & 7.
retrorsa var. Hartii Gray

lurida var. gracilis Bazley

gighe @ Ge

Pseudo-Cyperus var. Americana
flochst.
striata var. brevis Bailey
filiformis var. latifolia Boeck,
trichocarpa var. aristata Bailey
atrata var. ovata Boott
vulgaris var. hyperborea Boott
stricta var. decora Bailey.
crinita Lam. (in part)
virescens var. costata Dew.

triceps var. hirsuta Bazley

angen ae pas

COICO OMOLOO OO

639
Lllustrated flora
Potamogeton lonchites Zuckm.
Ps perfoliatus Richardsonii
Bennett

EP. foliosus Raf,
jes foliosus var. Niagarensis Gray
P: _ Friesii up.
Jey confervoides Rezchd.

Naias gracillima (4. Br.) Morong
Cyperus inflexus AZxh/.
C. cylindricus (£//.) Britton
Dulichium arundinaceum (L.) Britton
E'eocharis mutata (Z.) Rk. & S. -
E, acuminata (JZuhl.) Nees
Scirpus nanus Spreng.
Fimbristylis castanea (J7Zx.) Vahl.
Stenophyllus capillaris (Z.) Britton
Scirpus Americanus Pers.

robustus Pursh

microcarpus Pres/.

lineatus 17x,

cyperinus (Z.) Kunth
cyperinus
Britton
Fuirena squarrosa JZx.

Eriophorum (J/z.)

Hemicarpha micrantha (Vah/.) Britton
Rynchospora axillaris (Zam.) Britton
R. corniculata

macrostachya
(Torr.) Britton :

Carex Collinsii Vuz¢.

abacta Bazley
Asa-Grayi azley
lupuliformis Sartwel/
Harti Dew.

Baileyi Britton

OPO A OL

comosa Soott

Walteriana Gazley
lanuginosa JZx.
aristata 2. Br.
atratiformis Britton
Bigelovii Zorr.
Haydeni Dew.
gynandra Schw.
costellata Britton
triceps Mx,

640 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Manual

Carex debilis var. Rudgei Bailey
debilis var. strictior Bazley
venusta var. minor Boecki.
granularis var. Haleana Porter
flava var. viridula Bazley
Jaxiflora var. striatula Cavey
laxiflora var. latifolia Boott
laxiflora var. styloflexa Boott
Saltuensis Bazley

eburnea Soott

communis Bazley

communis var. EERSTE Bailey
Backiu Boott

polytrichoides AZzh/.
teretiuscula var. ramosa Soodit.
rosea var, retroflexa Jorr.
gynocrates Wormsk.

echinata var. cephalantha Bailey

echinata var. angustata Bazley
canescens var. alpicola Wahl.
canescens var. vulgaris Bazley

TUGhe ONE) UGC ar lelerekelienehiol ohict CUCL one

tribuloides var. reducta Bazley

tribuloides var. cristata Bazley
scoparia var. minor Boott
straminea var. brevior Dew.
straminea var. aperta Boott.
~straminea var. invisa W, Boott
straminea var. alata Gazley

straminea var. cumulata Bazley

OU Pi Ge) nt lee

straminea var. foenea Zorr.
Spartina juncea Wid/d,

S. stricta var. glabra Gray
Panicum filiforme Z.

glabrum Gaudin
sanguinale Z.

P

P

P: agrostoides AZuh/.

P latifolium Z.

P scoparium Lam.

igs Crus-galli var. hispidum Zo7r.
Setaria verticillata Bu.

S. glauca Bz.

S. viridis Bu.

S. Italica Kunth

echinata var. microstachys Boeck,

Remo ema hieMe meneniol mene lel (elie) wise lob Gt

: Illustrated flora

Carex tenuis Rudge

tenuis erectior Britton

oblita Steud.

granularis Shriveri Britton

viridula 17x.

laxiflora blanda (Dew.) Boott

Albursina Sheldon

styloflexa Buckley

altocaulis (Dew.) Britton

setifolia (Dew.) Britton

pedicellata (Dew.) Britton

pedicellata Wheeleri( Bazley} Britton

durifolia Bazley

leptalea Wahl,

teretiuscula prairea (Dew.) Britton

retroflexa Muh.

Redowskyana C. A. Meyer

sterilis cephalantha Bazley

sterilis Wzl/d.

sterilis Wzdid.-

brunnescens (Pers.) Poir.

brunnescens gracilior Bri/ton

tribuloides moniliformis ( 7zckm.)
ne

Carex cristatella Britton

C..—- scoparia Schk. (in part)

ce festucacea W2d/d.

G: tenera Dew.

C. tenera invisa (W. Boott) Britton
C: alata Zorr.

Gc: albolutescens Schw. (72 part)
C: albolutescens Schw. (in part)
Spartina patens (47z.) Muhl.

5. stricta maritima ( Walt.) Scrid,
Syntherisma filiformis (Z.) Mash

S. ‘linearis (Kvock) Nash

5. sanguinalis (Z.) Vash
Panicum agrostidiforme Zam.

Et Porterianum Vash

P. Scribnerianum Vash

ee Walteri Pursh

Ixophorus verticillatus (Z.) Mash

i. glaucus (Z.) Vash

i viridis (Z.) Mash

i. Italicus (Z.) Mash

3
o
*

oe te ee Pa

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 641

Manual _
Leersia Virginica W2d/d.

L. oryzoides Sw.

Andropogon macrourus JZx.

Chrysopogon nutans Lenth.

Hierechloe borealis R. & 5S.

is ee alpina R, & S.

Stipa Richardsonii ZA.

Oryzopsis Canadensis Jorr.

Muhlenbergia glomerata 77inx,

M. Willdenovii 77iz.

Brachyelytrum aristatum Jv.

Alopecurus geniculatus var. aristulatus
Torr.

Agrostis alba var. vulgaris Thurd.

28 scabra Willd.

A. canina L,

Cinna pendula 77x.

Calamagrostis Nuttalliana Steud.

oF Pickeringii Gray

Ammophila arundinacea ost,

Arrhenatherum avenaceum Sv.

Trisetum palustre Zorr.

te subspicatum var. molle Gray

Cynodon Dactylon Pers.

. Bouteloua racemosa Lag.
Triodia cuprea Jacq.

iis purpurea Hack. .
Phragmites communis 7777.
Eatonia Dudleyi Vasey
Eragrostis reptans /Vees.
Uniola gracilis 17x.
Distichlis maritima Raf,

Poa serotina Zhrh.

Glyceria Canadensis 777x.
obtusa 7777,
elongata 7yrin.
nervata 77in.
pallida 77zz.
grandis Wats,
fluitans R. Br,
acutiflora Zorr.
Festuca tenella Wilid,

E: elatior var. pratensis Gray

Te ecard oe?

Bromus ciliatus var. purgans Gray

B. mollis Vie

Lllustrated flora
Homalocenchrus Virginicus (Wzdld.)
Britton
Et; oryzoides (L.) Poll.

Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B. S. P.
Chrysopogon avenaceus (4/7x.) Benth.
Savastana odorata (Z.) Scribn.

5. alpina (.Sw.) Scribn.

Stipa Macounii Seridn.

Oryzopsis juncea (A7x.) B. S. P.
Muhlenbergia racemosa (JZx.) B. S. P.
M. tenuiflora ( Willd.) B.S. P.
Brachyelytrum erectum (Schveb.) Bu.
Alopecurus geniculatus Z. (27 part)

Agrostis alba Z. (27 part)

At hyemalis (Wadlt.) B. S. P.

EX. rubra LZ. (zn part)

Cinna latifolia (Zvev.) Grised,
Calamagrostis cinnoides (JZuhl.) Scribn,
oe breviseta (Gray) Scribn.
Ammophila arenaria (Z.) LA&.
Arrhenatherum elatius (Z.) Sv.
Trisetum Pennsylvanicum (ZL.) 4z.

TT... >. subspicatim: C65), Az
Capriola Dactylon (Z.) Kuntze
Bouteloua curtipendula (J/x.) Torr.
Sieglingia seslerioides (J7x.) Scribn.
S- purpurea (Walt,) Kuntze
Phragmites Phragmites (Z.) Karst.
Eatonia nitida (Spreng.) Mash
Eragrostis hypnoides (Zam.) B. S. P.
Uniola laxa (Z.) B. S. P.

Distichlis spicata (Z.) Greene

Poa flava L.

Panicularia Canadensis (/x.) Kuntze
obtusa (AZuhl.) Kuntze
elongata (Zorr.) Kuntze
nervata (Willd.) Kunize
pallida ( Zorr.) Kunize
Americana (Zorr.) MacM.
fluitans (Z.) Kuntze
acutiflora (Zorr.) Kuntze

ACR B Cea TaN aries

Festuca octoflora Walz.

ee elatior L. (2 part)
Bromus ciliatus L. (27 part)
B. hordeaceus Z.

642

Manual

Agropyrum repens Sv.
Elymus striatus var. villosus Gray
Asprella Hystrix Willd.
Equisetum limosum Z.
Cheilanthes vestita Sw.
Pellaea gracilis Hook.
Woodwardia angustifolia Sv.
Asplenium ebeneum 4/7¢,

A. thelypteroides 47x.
Scolopendrium vulgare Sv.
Phegopteris polypodioides /ee
Aspidium Thelypteris Sw.
Noveboracense Sw.
fragrans Sw.
spinulosum Sz.

leg aa ecatleey:

spin. var. intermedium Zaion

spin. var. dilatatum ook.
Boottil Zzuckm.
cristatum Sw.

> > p> p>

crist. var. Clintonianum Lafon

Goldianum ook.
marginale Sw.
acrostichoides Sw.

PP PP

aculeatum var. Braunii Koch
Woodsia hyperborea 2. 47.

Dicksonia pilosiuscula Wd/d,
Lycopodium obscurum var. dendroideum
Gray

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lllustrated flora
Agropyron repens (Z:) Bo,
Elymus striatus W7lld. (2m part)
Hystrix Hystrix (Z.) AZillsp.
Equisetum fluviatile Z.
Cheilanthes lanosa (JZx.) Watt |
Pellaea Stelleri (Gmel.) Watt
Woodwardia areolata (Z ) Moore
Asplenium platyneuron (Z.) Oakes
A. acrostichoides Sw.
Scolopendrium Scolopendrium (Z.) Karst.
Phegopteris Phegopteris (Z.) Underw.
Dryopteris Thelypteris (Z.) Gray
Noveboracensis (Z.) Gray
fragrans (L.) Schott
spinulosa (Aetz) Kuntze
(Muh)

DOOD

spin. intermedia
Underw.
spin, dilatata( Hoffm.) Underw.
Boottii ( Zuckm.) Underw.
cristata (Z.) Gray
Clintoniana

ge se

crist.
Underw.
Goldieana ( Hook.) Gray
marginalis (Z.) Gray
acrostichoides (JZ7x.) Kuntze
Braunii (Spexner) Underw.
wooisis alpina (Bolton) Gray
Dicksonia punctilobula (4/x.) Gray
Lycopodium obscurum Z. (i part)

(Zaton)

Selec

SPECIES NOT BEFORE REPORTED

Sisymbrium altissimum Z.

In a newly seeded meadow.

Vaughns,

Washington co. June.

S H. Burnham. This is an introduced plant whose seeds were prob-

ably mixed with the grass or clover seed used.

It has been introduced

into some of the western states where it is becoming a very trouble-

some weed.

It is 2 to 4 feet tall when well grown.

It branches freely

and when old and dry it is liable to be broken from its base and rolled
over the ground like a tumble weed, the wind driving it about and scat-

tering its seeds wherever it goes.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 643,

Diplotaxis tenuifolia (Z.) DC.

Erie basin, Brooklyn. August. G. D. Hulst. This is also an intro-
duced plant found chiefly in waste places about cities.

Viola ovata Wutt.

Dry ground. Saugerties, Ulster co. and Sand Lake, Rensselaer co.
May. This violet has sometimes been considered a variety of V.
sagittata, but its specific validity is recognized in ///ustrated flora.

Lespedeza frutescens (Z.) Britton

Wading River, Suffolk co., Bethlehem, Albany co. and Dresden Sta-
tion, Washington co. August.

L. violacea sessilifolia and L. Stuvei intermedia are synonyms formerly
- applied to this species of bush clover.

Lespedeza Nuttallii Davi.

Dry soil. Poestenkill, Rensselaer co. and on Long Island. August
and September.

Cytisus scoparius (Z.) L2.

This plant, known as broom or Scotch broom, has been introduced
and is occasionally found in waste places. Richmond Hill, Queens co.
G. D. Hulst.

Onagra cruciata (Vuiz.) Small

Roadsides. North Elba, Essex co. August. In the Manual this
plant is considered a variety of the common evening primrose and stands
as OE nothera biennis var. cruciata T. & G. It is easily distinguished
from OF. diennis by its much smaller petals which are narrow and almost
pointed. :

Galium Claytoni /-.

Damp or wet places. Fulton Chain, Herkimerco. July. Related
to G. trifidum but distinguished from it by having five or six stem leaves
at a node.

Solidago erecta Pursh

Sandy soil. Baiting Hollow, Suffolk co. September. This goldenrod
has been reported under the name Solidago speciosa var. angustata T.
& G., but it is now classed as a distinct species.

644 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

' Solidago hispida AZwh/.

Dry sandy soil. Karner, Albany co. August and September.

This is Solidago bicolor var. concolor'T. & G. in the Manual. It is a
pretty goldenrod, similar in its general characters to .S. dzcolor, but easily
distinguished from it by the yellow rays of the flower heads. In the
smaller and less vigorous plants the panicle is long, narrow and spike-
like, in the larger and more vigorous it is comparatively shorter and
broader, its branches being longer.

Aster hirsuticaulis Zzz/7/,

Woods and roadsides. Charlotteville swamp, Schoharie co.; Wells,
Hamilton co.; Northville, Fulton co. and Corning, Steuben co. August
and September. ‘This species has generally been regarded as a variety
of A. miser Nutt. or its equivalent 4. adiffusus Ait., but in Llustrated
fiora it has been restored to specific rank. .

Antennaria neglecta Greene

Pastures and roadsides. Wynantskill and Sand Lake, Rensselaer
co.;. Menands, Albany co. and New Paltz, Ulster co. May and June.
This species may be distinguished from the more common 4. plantagint-
Jota, with which it has till recently been confused, by its smaller and
single veined basal leaves and by its racemed heads of flowers.

Nabalus trifoliatus Cass.
Woods. Menands and North Elba. August and September.

Broussonetia papyrifera (Z.) Vent.

Roadsides. Woodlawn, Long Island. May. G.D. Hulst. Intro-
duced and occasionally escapes from cultivation.

Salsola Tragus Z.

Near Rochester and also along the railroad at Livonia salt mine
about 30 miles south of Rochester. October. M.S. Baxter.

The Russian thistle has probably been brought to these stations from
the west. A few years ago it was introduced into North Dakota, and
from this as a starting point it has been spreading in various directions.
It has already acquired the reputation of being a most pernicious weed,
ar.d it should meet with prompt destruction in every new locality in
which it may appear. It is an annual plant and special care should be

Mats fe Be

. ‘
REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 645

taken to destroy it before it has had time to mature a crop of seeds. If
this is thoroughly done it should not be difficult to prevent its becoming
established in new localities. It is often considered a variety of the sea-
coast plant Salsola Kai, and mentioned under the name Salsola Kah
var. Zragus.
- Convallaria majalis Z.

The lily of the valley grows wild farther south, but is frequently culti-
vated in our state because of its delightful fragrance and early flowers.
It sometimes escapes from cultivation here and grows spontaneously.
spelen were found growing in a grove on the margin of a meadow at
Menands. May.

, Juncoides spicatum (Z.) Kuntze

Top of Wallface mountain, Essex co. June. At present this is the
only known station of this northern species in our state. It is found in
considerable abundance along the brow of the precipice that forms the
western wall of Indian pass. Why it should be here and not on other
prominent peaks of the Adirondack mountains is not easily answered. Its
spike-like panicle bears some resemblance to that of Carex teretiuscula.

: Panicum Atlanticum Vash
Pastures and dry open places. Fulton Chain. July. Dresden Station.
» August. Our plant is a small or dwarf form 4 to 8 inches high. Its
panicles are few-flowered, and its spikelets are scarcely one line long.
It grows in patches and both leaves and culms bear long white spread-
~ ing hairs.
Alopecurus agrestis Z.
Menands. June. This is an introduced grass occasionally found in
waste places. .
: Panicularia borealis Wash’
Shallow water along streams and margins of lakes. Lansingburg.
E. C. Howe. Caroga, Fulton co. and Cascade lake, Essex co. It
appears like a small or slefider form of Pamicularia fuitans, and like that
species it sometimes has floating leaves.

Botrychium dissectum Sfreng.

Old fields and pastures. Alcove, Albany co. North Elba. August
and September. This is Botrychium ternatum var. dissectum in the
Manual and Botrychium lunarioides var. adissectum in New York state
flora.

646 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Sphagnum Russowii Warnst.

Wet rocks and slides of the mountains. Mt Whiteface. September.
Mrs E. G. Britton. S. Russowi poecilum Russ. occurs in a marsh near
Scotts ponds. June.

Sphagnum quinquefarium Warast.

Wet cliffs. Indian pass and a rocky bluff near Wood farm. June.

Sphagnum medium Lzmpr. te

Cold marshes, wet rocks and slides of mountains. Mt Whiteface.
September. Mrs Britton. Sand Lakeand Mt Marcy. July and August.
This peat moss closely resembles Sphagnum cymbifolium.

Splachnum rubrum Z. :

A few specimens of this singular and very rare moss were found grow-
ing among peat mosses near Scotts ponds. June. It has been reported
from the Rocky mountains and from Maine.

Hypnum laxepatulum Z, & J/.

Forming thin mats on rocks. lake Placid. September. Mrs Britton.
The specimens are sterile.

Jungermannia Kunzeana Auden.

Rocks. Indian pass. June and August.

Jungermannia gracilis Schleich.
Rocks. Mt Marcy. August.

Scapania apiculata Spruce
Decaying prostrate trunks of balsam fir. North Elba. August.

Umbilicaria erosa ( Web.) Hoffm.

Rocks. Thirsty pond, near Big Moose station. July. Summit of
Mt Marcy. August.

Peltigera rufescens (lVeck.) Hoffm.
Rocks. North Elba. June.

Physcia adglutinata (/lcerk.) Wy.
Bark of beech trees. North Elba. June.

*

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 647

Physcia setosa (Ach.) Wyl.
Rocks. Cascade lake. August.

Placodium vitellinum (Z7%72.) NV. & Z.
Rocks. North Elba. June.

Biatora Laureri eff
Bark of beech trees. North Elba. June.

t

Biatora Schweinitzii /7.

Decorticated wood of balsam fir. Near Marcy camp. August.

Biatora granulosa (Z4%rh.) Foetsch
Mucky and heathy soil, dead mosses, etc. Mt Marcy and North Elba.
August.
Cladonia sobolescens /Vy/.

Thin soil covering rocks. Dresden Station. August.

Cladonia decorticata -iverk.
Ground. Mt Marcy. August.

Lepiota solidipes z. s/.

Pileus fleshy, very convex or subhemispheric, becoming broadly con-
vex or nearly plane, white, sometimes with a slight pinkish tint, flesh
white, taste-and odor farinaceous; lamellae thin, close, free, white; stem
equal or somewhat bulbous, silky-fibrillose, solid, white or whitish, the
thin annulus slightly floccose cxternaily, subevanescent; spores globose
or subglobose, 00016 to .coo2 inch broad.

Pileus 2 to 4 1n broad; stem 2 to 4 in. long, 4 to 6 lines thick.

Damp or swampy ground. Woodlawn park, Saratoga. October,
F. G. Howland.

_ The solid stem and small globose spores specially distinguish this
species. By the former it may be separated from Z. naucina, and by
both from ZL. naucinoides.

ww

Tricholoma portentosum /7.

Woods. Sand Lake. September. Our specimens have the pilus
yellow on the margin as in the form figured by Saunders and Smith.
We have not yet found the typical form, which has the pileus uniform'y
sooty brown. Our plant seems worthy of varietal distinction and we
name it variety centrale.

648 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Tricholoma acre 72%.

Thin woods. Karner, Albany co. October. This mushroom has the
not peppery taste which belongs to many species of Lactarius and
Russula.

Clitocybe eccentrica 2.

Decaying wood. Meadowdale, Albany co. and North Elba. August.

In this species the stem is frequently eccentric. It is usually adorned
witha coarse strigose villosity at the base and long branching strands of
white mycelium permeate the soft decaying wood.

5

Marasmius acerinus 7. s/.

Pileus thin, submembranaceous, convex, umbilicate, subglabrous,
sulcate-striate, pale bay red; lamellae broad, distant, adnate, tough,
whitish or yellowish white; stem short, often curved, inserted, hollow,
clothed with a minute short whitish pubescence, colored like the pileus
or sometimes a little darker; spores subelliptic, .coo3 in. long, .oo016
broad, usually with an oblique apiculus at one end. :

Pileus 3 to 6 lines broad; stem 6 to g lines long, scarcely 1 line thick.

Dead bark of mountain maple, Acer spicatum. Near Adirondack
lodge. August. . ee

Closely allied to AZ. viticola B. & C., but it is a smaller plant witha
paler and scarcely glabrous pileus and with comparatively broader
lamellae. To the naked eye the stem appears to be slightly pruinose,
but under a lens it is seen to be thinly clothed with minute short whitish
hairs. These also appear to some extent on the pileus.

Clitopilus socialis 2. sf.

Pileus thin, convex, deeply umbilicate, grayish brown; lamellae thin,
moderately close, decurrent, colored like the pileus when young, grayish
incarnate when mature; stem equal, stuffed or hollow, colored like the
pileus or a little paler; spores irregular, uninucleate, generally a little
longer than broad, .o003 to .o004 in. long, .coc24 to .o003 broad.

Pileus 6 to 10 lines broad; stem 6 to 12 lines long, 1 to 2 lines thick.

Closely gregarious. Under pine and hemlock trees. Delmar.
September.

_ This species is well marked by its deeply umbilicate pileus. It is”

apparently related to C, wzdatus, but the-pileus is not at all undulate, its
color and the shape of its spores are different and its closely gregarious
mode of growth will also distinguish it. The plants are sometimes

Le ek a ee ee

We ee

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 649

crowded or almost cespitose. -In such cases the surface of the ground
beneath is often whitened by a profuse development of the mycelium.

Hebeloma palustre 7. sf.

Pileus fleshy but thin, broadly convex becoming nearly plane with age,
sometimes wavy or irregular, glabrous, hygrophanous, grayish brown
and slightly striatulate on the margin when moist, paler when dry, flesh
whitish ; lamellae close thin ventricose, adnexed, grayish white becom-
ing cinnamon brown; stem rather long, equal or tapering upward,
hollow, silky, white; spores subelliptic, uninucleate, .oco4 to .ooo05 in.
long, .c0024 to .0003 broad.

Pileus 1 to 1.5 in. broad; stem 2 to 3 in. long, 2 to q lines thick.
Mossy ground in swampy woods. Kasoag. October. The pileus is
not viscid and there is no evidence of a veil.

Crepidotus epibryus 7”.

Mosses, fallen twigs and leaves of coniferous trees. North Elba.
August.

Gomphidius furcatus 7. sf.

Pileus fleshy, convex or nearly plane, rarely somewhat umbonate,
glabrous, viscid, whitish, sometimes tinged with red, occasionally with
blackish stains when old or becoming blackish where bruised, flesh white;
lamellae thick, distant, decurrent, many of them forked, whitish, becom-
ing sooty brown; stem longer than the diameter of the puileus, rather
slender, curved or flexuous, firm, solid, whitish; spores oblong or sub-
fusiform, .0006 to .o008 in. long, .00024 to .o003 broad.

Pileus 1 to 2 in. broad; stem 1.5 to 3 in. long, 1.5 to 3 lines thick.

Under or near tamarack trees inswamps. Kasoag. October.

The species is apparently related to G. maculatus Cookei Mass., from
which it is separated by its more slender habit and forked lamellae. The
pileus becomes reddish brown in drying.

Psilocybe uda /2rs.

In sphagnous marshes. Karner and Kasoag. September and Octo-
ber. Variable in color.

Polyporus hispidellus?~. sp.

Pileus fleshy, tough, dimidiate, pale cervine or grayish brown, clothed
with short stiff erect hairs, flesh white; pores small, short, subrotund,
white, the dissepiments thin, the edges uneven dentate or lacerate ; stem

650 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

short, lateral, solid, often irregular, clothed like the pileus; spores fusi-
form, .coos in. long, .00016 broad,.: usually containing a single large
nucleus. :
Pileus 2 to 3 in. broad; stem about 1 in. long, 4 to 6 lines thick.
Roots of trees or decaying wood buried in the ground. North Elba
and Marcy trail. August.

Vermicularia punctans Schw.

Dead leaves of Indian grass, Chrysopogon avenaceus. Karner. October.

The spores in our specimens are subfusiform and slightly curved.
They are supported on slender sporophores from one fourth to one half
the length of the spores.

Uromyces caryophyllinus (Schrank) Schroet.

Living leaves of carnation pink. Gouverneur. November. Mrs E. C.
Anthony.

- Peridermium Engelmanni Zium.

Cones of spruce trees. Fulton Chain and North Elba. June and
July. Apparently a rare species. Only a few cones on the tree were
affected by it.

Gymnosporangium Nidus-avis Zhaxter

Living branches of red cedar, Juniperus Vi"giniana. Staten Island.
April. L. M. Underwood.

Peronospora australis Sfeg.

Living leaves of star cucumber, Sicyos angulatus. Hofiman,
Schenectady co. July.

Chlorosplenium aeruginascens (1Vj)/.) Karst.

Decaying wood of poplar, Populus tremuloides. Karner. October.

This species is closely related to Chlorosplenium aeruginosum, from
which it may be separated by its smaller spores. Both plants discolor
the wood on which they grow. :

Tympanis laricina (Ack/.) Sac.

Dead branches and bark of larch and balsam fir. North Elba.
August and September.

.
.....

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 ~ 651

EB
REMARKS AND OBSERVATIONS
Glaucium Glaucium (Z.) Kars¢.

Syracuse. June. Miss L. W. Roberts. The yellow horned poppy

- or sea poppy is an introduced plant found chiefly along or near the sea
shore. |
Floerkia proserpinacoides W2dd.

The occurrence of the false mermaid about Tarrytown has been

reported by J. H. Barnhart, and in Richmond county, by W. T. Davis.

Potentilla fruticosa JZ.
A single poor infertile starved bush of the shrubby cinquefoil was
found on Wallface mountain. Its appearance did not give much promise
that it would long continue to represent its species there.

Geum macrophyllum Wid.

The large leaved avens is a rare species in our state, but is quite plen-
tiful in the eastern part of North Elba. It is abundant along the old
road to Keene, about the head of Cascade lake and in low meadows
between Freemans Home and Wood farm.

Amelanchier oligocarpa (J&.) Roem.

This Juneberry ascends to the open summitof Mt Marcy. It also
descends to the valleys and occurs by the roadside about a half mile
southeast of North Elba post office.

Ribes prostratum JZ’ Zer.

The flowers of the fetid currant are variable in color. They are pale
greenish with slight tints of red or pink on some plants, purplish red on
others.

| Viburnum alnifolium JZarsf.

Several years ago the superintendent of the Adirondack survey reported
to me the occurrence in the Adirondack region of a hobble bush bearing
pink flowers.” Finding no mention of such a variety in the botanies, and
wishing if possible to procure specimens of it, the region where it had
been seen was visited early in the season. A few plants were found in
which the large exterior flowers of the cyme or cluster had a pinkish
color, and occasionally some of the small interior flowers were similarly

652 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

colored. In every case the flowers seemed to be old or past their prime
and some had fallen. ‘There was no indication that any of them had |
just opened and the probability is that the pink or rosy hue was acquired
by age. The tint was very delicate and was retained by none of the
dried specimens though they were treated with great care.

Solidago macrophylla Pursh.

The large leaved goldenrod is one of the most common species in the
more elevated parts of the Adirondack region. A small leaved variety
of it occurs along the banks of the Ausable river on Wood farm. In it
the leaves are mostly less than 3 inches long and less than r inch broad,
The flower heads are also smaller than in the typical form, but they are
sometimes more numerous.

Solidago Virgaurea Redfieldii 2ovter

Indian pass. August. It grows here on the moss covered surface of
huge boulders.
Aster divaricatus cymulosus Burgess

Dry ground in thin woods. Dresden Station. August.

Aster macrophyllus velutinus Surgess
Banks of the Ausable river, North Elba. August.

Aster lateriflorus glomerellus (Z’ & G.) Burgess
Bethlehem, Albany co. and Sand Lake. September and October.

Aster lateriflorus thyrsoideus (G7zay) Sheldon
Northville. August.

Aster lateriflorus grandis /orter
Sand ake, » October.

Aster lateriflorus pendulus (472.) Burgess
Lake Mohonk. October.

Aster prenanthoides porrectifolius /orzer
Shokan, Ulster co. October.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 653

Aster acuminatus J/x.

A singular form of this very variable species was found on the trail
between Adirondack lodge and Mt Marcy. Its station is about a half
mile from the camp. The flower heads were destitute of rays and had a
pecuhar bristly appearance, which was apparently due to an excessive
development of the scales and pappus and a suppression of the florets.
Ina patch of plants several feet across all the flower heads were of this

_ character. The plants were otherwise well developed and apparently in

a good healthy condition.

Hieracium aurantiacum Z.

A striking example of the rapidity with which the orange hawkweed is
capable of increasing and spreading was seen along the Chateaugay rail-
road. In June 1897 a few patches of this odious but showy weed were
noticed along the railroad between Dannemora and Chazy lake stations.
In June 1898 there was an almost continuous display of the brilliant
blossoms of this weed between these two stations. The plant had also
made its appearance in many places along the railroad between Chazy
lake and Loon lake. In some places its rival pest, Mieracium praealtum,
_ had also made its appearance and was displaying its yellow blossoms.

Hieracium Marianum W7//d.
Woods. Menands. June.

Doellingeria umbellata (JZ//.) Wees

A small form of this aster is plentiful along the banks of streams in
North Elba. It is generally less than 2 feet high, has few heads of
flowers and its leaves are disposed to arrange themselves in two rows,
one on each side of the stem. ‘This is specially the case when the
plants grow on the edge of the bank and are overshadowed by shrubs or
small trees, which cause the plants to reach out over the water in their
effort to obtain more sunlight.

Circaea alpina JZ.
This plant sometimes produces oblong white tubers by which it is
renewed. Specimens showing this character were collected at New
Russia, Essex co. and communicated by Mrs L. A. Millington.

Pinus divaricata (47¢.) Sudw.

Banks of the Ausable river near Upper Jay, Essex co. This is a
newly discovered station for the northern scrub pine, also called Labra-

654 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

r

dor pine and gray pine, and the most distant one from the shore of Lake
Champlain. The others are at Wadhams Mills, Mt Discovery, and
about two miles south of Keeseville.

. Juniperus Virginiana Z.

Young trees of the red cedar sometimes retain their acicular leaves
till they have attained considerable size. Trees 3 or 4 feet high were
observed near Upper Jay and also near Dresden Station, on which all
the leaves were acicular. .

Juniperus nana Willd.

Three distinct forms of the low juniper occur about Dresden Station.
Of these the common form is frequent. A second form has its branches
much more erect and is only occasional. It is recognizable at a glance.
Both these forms are frequently 3 or 4 feet high. The third form is
smaller and has more slender leaves than the others. It is rare.

Juncus militaris Azge/.
Specimens with the long filiform leaves of the rootstocks were obtained
in Big Moose lake in July. The large emersed leaves and stems appear ~
to afford food for deer.

Eriophorum Virginicum JZ.

A very unusual form of the Virginian cotton grass was found near
Big Moose station. In it the stems bore two clusters of spikelets, one
terminal, as usual, the other smaller and lateral, 4 to 6 inches below the
terminal one.

Carex scirpoidea J/x.

This rare sedge whose range extends northward to Greenland occurs.
on Wallface mountain. It varies from 6 to 12 inches or more in hight
and its spike is rarely branched at the base.

Danthonia compressa Aust.

This grass is abundant about Fulton Chain. It usually grows in thin
woods or along lumber roads in woods, but here it was found growing
freely in light sandy soil in open places where it is exposed to the full
rays of the sun during the whole day. In such places it forms tufts and
is apparently more stout and vigorous than in partly shaded places.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 655

Scolopendrium Scolopendrium (Z.) Karsz.

The discovery of a new station for this rare fern has been published.
It is in a rayine near Perryville, Madison co., and is not far from the
Chittenango Falls locality. It is said that the original New York station,
where it was found many years- ago by Pursh, has been destroyed and
the fern is no longer there. Itis to be hoped that this new locality for
it will long escape such a fate.

Sphagnum Pylaesii Zrid.

On the summits of the high peaks of the Adirondack mountains this
moss overspreads the wet surface of bare rocks, lying prostrate as if too
weak to stand erect. It was found growing on wet bare earth on the
marshy border of a small pond back of Wallface mountain. It was more
erect in its mode of growth.

Dicranum flagellare Aedw.

A peculiar form of this species was found by Mrs Britton near White-
face inn, North Elba. Init the stems are long and slender, the flagellae
few and the leaves narrow and secund. ‘The specimens are sterile.

Tricholoma portentosum centraie x. var.

Pileus pale yellow or greenish yellow, sooty brown in the center;
lamellae tranversely marked or irregularly striated with paler lines.
Otherwise like the type. Sand Lake. September.

Galera lateritia albicolor z. var.

Pileus white, finely striate. Menands. June.

: Galera Hypnorum umbonata ~. var.

Pileus campanulate, 6 to 8 lines broad, strongly umbonate. In a
sphagnous marsh. Kasoag. October.

Cortinarius corrugatus subsquamosus ~. var.
Pileus marked with appressed spot-like scales. Sand Lake. Septem-
ber. The spots are darker than the general color of the pileus and give
this variety a very distinct appearance.

Psilocybe caerulipes £2.
_ This species was discovered in 1884 near Ballston lake. It was found
a second time the past season near Round lake. It is evidently a rare
species. |

656 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Lactarius distans /%.

This species was described and published in 23d report, D. 117, and
its resemblance to Lactarius hygrophoroides B. & C. was recognized. In
38th report, p. 129 it was regarded as a form of that species and united
with it. In taking this view of the case itis necessary to suppose that the
very brief description of Z. hygrophoroides was founded on unusually small
specimens and was also somewhat faulty. I have neverbeen able to find -
a single specimen of our species with a pulverulent pileus, nor can the
lamellae be correctly described as decurrent, thoughthey are sometimes
subdecurrent. In SyMoge the two plants are kept distinct and this seems
to be the best course to pursue till we can be more certain of the unity
of the species. |

Another species has been described under the name Lactarius Calceo-
lus Berk. ‘This also has many points of agreement with our plant, but
differs in others. Its pileus is described as smooth and the color of it
and the stem is said to be brown buff. Its lamellae are very few, not
exceeding 20, and are forked near the edge. These characters are not
shown by any specimens of our plant that have come under my notice.

Boletus Ravenelii 2. & C.

The flesh of this beautiful species has a very acrid taste. It is as sharp
as that of Lactarius rufus.

Hydnum Caput-ursi brevispineum 7”. var.

Aculei very short, usually 2 to 4 lines long, some of them minutely and
fimbriately divided.

Standing trunk of a maple tree. Auburn. September. G. H. Nye.

Fhe bear’s head hydnum, is an extremely variable species and he who
expects to find every species of mushroom adhering strictly to one
particular shape, size and outline will be disappointed in this one.
Its solid fleshy body may vary in length from 2 inches to 8 inches.
The teeth or spines may be 2 lines or 2 inches long, stout or slender
simple or branched, and the color which is usually white may be tinged
with yellow or pink. The essential character of the species is a solid
fleshy body with short, projecting branches bearing numerous simple or
branched spines of unequal length.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 657

F
BEANS OF HE, SUMMIT OF MT MARCY

Mt Marcy is the highest mountain in the state, with an altitude of
| 5344 ft above the sea, and is in the center of a very rugged, mountainous
region, where high peaks separated by deep and narrow valleys rise on
all sides. From its summit an observer may look on mountain scenery
- in every direction, and obtain viéws unsurpassed in beauty and grandeur.
A visit to this lofty station necessitates a tiresome walk of six or seven
miles through the woods over a rough trail and up some steep acclivities.
But the attractions of the place, the magnificent views it affords and the
richness of its flora bring many visitors, and few return without feeling
well rewarded for the labor and expense incurred. The open summit, the
part above the timber line, may be compared to an ellipse whose long
axis lies in a northeast and southwest direction, but whose circumference
is quite irregular. It may be called treeless, but a few species of trees are
found within its Jimits. They do not however attain the size nor even the
shape of trees of the same species below the timber line. They have a
mere shrub-like development, with small leaves, wide-spreading crooked
branches and a starved and straggling appearance. The timber line is well
marked in some places by abrupt precipices, at the base of which the
forest suddenly terminates. In other places the declivity is less abrupt
and no definite line marks the tree limit. The trees gradually become
smaller as the altitude increases, till they are mere shrubs in size or cease
entirely. On the eastern slope there are radiating ridges with interven-
ing depressions in which the small balsam firs ascend almost to the sum-
mit, As might be expected, the northern and western slopes present
the greatest expanse of open surface. But even here are limited patches
of small balsam firs in depressions or where some sheltering ledge gives
partial protection from fierce winds. |

Two small, marshy areas, worthy of special notice, form a part of the
open summit. One is a decided depression’in the northeast slope. A
rugged cliff lies on one side of it and a rocky knob onthe other. Pos-
sibly a trap dike may have afforded the necessary conditions for its
existence. The trail from the top of the mountain to Adirondack lodge
passes through it. Its surface is level, soft and marshy, Several
species of marsh plants grow here, including three or four sedges not
found elsewhere on the open summit. The small cranberry and peat
mosses are here, and here the thirsty tourist can find water to drink.

658 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The other is on the eastern slope and is much nearer the top of the
mountain. It is at the head of a ravine or depression between two
ridges that extend far down the slope. Its water supply is not abundant.
Indeed it is scarcely visible and the surface is not level, so that the
presence of marshy ground and marsh plants here may at first seem
mysterious. The plants that grow here are mostly small and unthrifty
and the diminutive balsam firs that grow on three sides of this space
avoid its marshy area completely. The water necessary to maintain the’
character of the place is probably supplied in part by the gradual melt-
ing of the snow and ice that accumulate during the winter under the
massive boulders and in the crevices of the rocks above. This water
would be very cold and would maintain a low temperature in the soil
through which it percolates. The location of the place is such that the
direct rays of the sun can not reach it during a considerable part of the
afternoon. Only plants capable of enduring cold and shade could thrive
in such a place. During the winter a vast amount of snow accumulates,
for the prevailing north and west winds blow it from the higher ground and
pile it in this sheltered nook till it is many feet deep. It remains here in
the warm season longer than in any other place on the summit. In
1886, the summit of. the mountain was visited June 1o. A large part of
this sloping marsh was yet covered by a huge snow bank, though the
rest of the summit was bare. It is easy to see how the winter is pro-
longed and the summer shortened in such a spot as this, and such a
modification of the growing season must have some influence on the
plants of the place. Two sedges, a sundew and arush are found here
that I have not seen growing elsewhere on the mountain. Every
botanist who visits the summit of Mt Marcy should examine these two
marshy spots. They are cold botanical gardens of natural formation,
full of interest and suggestive of thought.

This mountain summit affords a striking object lesson in the formation
of soil and the development of vegetation. It is not difficult to imagine
that there was a time when the summit of Mt Marcy was a bare rock
with neither soil nor plant visible. The thin, heathy soil that now covers
much of the surface gives no evidence of having been brought there
from other sources, but on the other hand it does suggest the thought
that it has been made on the spot, not by the action of sudden or
violent agencies so much as by the action of slow and quiet in-
fluences continued for ages. ‘“O! these mosses and lichens have made —
this soil.” This was the first utterance of an esteemed and observant

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 659

friend when for the first time his eyes rested on the open summit of the
mountain as he stood upon the brow of the precipice which he had just
climbed and which till that moment had kept the suggestive sight from
his view. It does not need an extended examination to confirm the
truth of the assertion so confidently made_at first sight. Mosses and
lichens at the present time are showing that they can grow on the bare
surface of rocks. The boulders of the summit are variegated by the
different colors of the lichens growing on their hard and almost naked
surfaces. If we attempt to chip off a specimen we sometimes find the
rock beneath the lichen more soft and scaly than elsewhere. Its pres-
ence seems in some way to have aided in the softening and disinte-
gration of the rock. If we pluck a tuft of moss from the rock we
find the lower part of the interspaces of the stems and leaves filled
with dirt and sand, apparently composed of particles of disintegrated
rock mingled with the decomposed remains of stems and leaves. of
mosses. This process of growth and decay of organic matter and the
disintegration of inorganic matter aided by the action of the ele-
ments would in due time furnish sufficient soil to support the
growth of small herbaceous plants. These in turn by their growth and
decay would aid in increasing the quantity of soil covering the rocks
till there would be sufficient to permit the growth of larger herbs and
finally of shrubs and small trees. In this condition we now find the
summit of Mt Marcy. The soil in most places is but a few inches deep
and its appearance and texture indicate a large percentage of humus.
This and other conditions due to the altitude of the place must neces-
sarily have some influence in determining the character of the plants that
grow there.

Only plants of the most hardy character could endure a climate in
which frost occurs in every month of the year. No tree could grow
many feet high without being overturned or broken down when exposed
to such fierce winds as sweep over this mountain. A few plants grow
here which grow no where else in the state except on the top of other
mountains high enough to have open summits. Some grow here which
grow also at lower altitudes, but they are so changed by their unfavor-
able location that they scarcely appear to belong to the same species.
The balsam fir of the valleys is a most beautiful and symmetrical tree,
but here it is without symmetry, a low shrub-like growth with long
crooked branches, often covered with lichens and closely interlocked
with those of neighboring trees. The branches are sometimes nearly as

660 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

long as the trunk. The trees are from 1 to 6 feet high. In the de-

pressions they are too tall to be disregarded in our rambles and their |

branches are too low and too closely interlocked to admit an easy passage
through the almost impenetrable thickets they form. The little scrubby
spruces scarcely venture to grow in an upright position. They spread
over the ground in a half prostrate way as if in imitation of the low
juniper or the ground hemlock. ‘The season for plant growth and
activity is so short that the annual elongation of their stems and branches
is scarcely more than 1 or 2 inches.

The number of plants growing here that in lower stations are found
in marshes and wet places is remarkable. Several species of peat moss,
most of the sedges, blue joint grass, the cranberry, the swamp laurel,
leather leaf and Labrador tea are examples of thiskind. Showers are fre-
quent, the top of the mountain is often capped by clouds, the low tem-
perature retards evaporation, the mosses hold back the water and the
abundant humus in the soil is also retentive of moisture. All these unite
in producing conditions favorable to the growth of marsh plants.

The number of annual plants is very small. Most of the flowering
plants are either perennial herbs or plants with woody stems. The
mosses and lichens are mostly perennial. Some of the conditions inci-
dent to the locality must be unfavorable to the growth and persistency
of annual plants.

The character of the flora is subject to change. Some species disap-

pear, others appear. About 60 years ago the moss plant, Casszope

hypnoides, was growing here in a sheltered depression, but in none of my
visits to this place have I been able to find it. In my early visits the
tall white bog orchis was here, but it has not been seen in any of my
recent visits. It is very probable that both these plants are no longer
inhabitants of this station. In my last visit a small patch of timothy
grass, Phleum pratense, was found growing on the very top of the moun-
tain near the signal station. It must be a recent introduction, for it
could not have escaped notice in such a conspicuous place if it had been
there at the time of my previous visits. Some plants are apparently more
abundant now than at my earlier visits. Then the scrub birch was seen

»

in small quantity and appeared to be in danger of extinction. Now it is

quite plentiful and apparently spreading. It is abundant about the bor-
ders of the sloping marsh mentioned on a preceding page.

Many of the species of flowering plants growing here are such as
blossom early in the season. The sweet white violet, oblong fruited

* Ae:
Sap ae Mey S

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 661

Juneberry, fetid currant, mountain fly honeysuckle, bluets, leather leaf
swamp laurel, ,Lapland rosebay, Lapland diapensia, scrub birch, green
alder, bearberry willow, tufted club rush and alpine holy grass are
examples of this kind. All these may be found in flower in June and
some of them early in the month, soon after the snow has disappeared.
On June to, a few feet below the eastern margin of the snow bank
still remaining at the upper end of the sloping marsh, the little bluets,
Floustonia coerulea, had commenced its growth. <A few feet away its
flower buds had developed while the plants growing but a little farther
down the slope were in blossom. These plants had been uncovered first
and before the snow had melted and exposed the plants at the upper
end of the marsh, these more fortunate ones had developed and unfolded
their blossoms. By flowering early, more time remains in which to mature
and ripen their seeds. The shortness of the growing season is perhaps a
partial explanation of the presence of but few annual plants. Many of
‘them require a longer season for their growth and the perfection of their
seeds than is afforded here.

Some plants that might be expected to occur on the open summit fail
to appear there. Some ascend almost to the tree limit but do not pass
it. Dalibarda, Canada blueberry, sheep laurel, mountain holly, arbor
vitae and cedar-like club moss are examples of this kind. Some of these
do appear above the tree limit on mountains of less altitude but I have
not seen them on the open summit of Mt Marcy.

The higher the mountain in a given region, the greater the extent of
its open summit is likely to be, and the greater the extent of its open
summit the larger the number of species of plants inhabiting it, unless it
should reach above the limit of vegetation. As Mt Marcy surpasses its
neighbors in.altitude, so it surpasses them in the number of species of
plants inhabiting its open summit, The number of species of flowering
or seed bearing plants credited to it in the subjoined listis 75. A census
of the species growing on the open summit of Mt McIntyre was taken
a year ago and the number of species was found to be 48. Mt McIntyre
is almost as high as Mt Marcy, standing second in rank. The number
of species found on Mt Marcy exceeds those on Mt McIntyre by 27.
But there are 29 species on Mt Marcy that were not seen on Mt
McIntyre and two on Mt McIntyre that were not found on Mt Marcy.
These two are Kalmia angustifolia L. and Licioides mucronata, (L.) Britton.

662 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Seed bearing plants

Coptis trifolia (L.) Sa/isé.

Viola blanda Wd/d.

Arenaria Groenlandica (Re/z) Spreng.
Alsine borealis (Azgel.) Britton
Oxalis Acetosella Z.

Potentilla tridentata So/and.

Rubus strigosus J7x,

R. Americanus (Pers.) Britton
Sorbus sambucifolia (C. G S.) Roem.
Spiraea salicifolia Z.

Amelanchier oligocarpa (J7x.) Roem.
Ribes prostratum L’ Her.
Chamaenerion angustifolium (Z.) Scop.
Drosera rotundifolia Z.

Cornus Canadensis Z.

Linnaea borealis Z.

Lonicera coerulea Z.

Houstonia coerulea Z.

Solidago macrophylla Pursh

5. alpestris W. & K,
Nabalus nanus (Sige/.) DC,

N. Boottu DC.

Vaccinium caespitosum JZx,

V. Pennsylvanicum Lam.

Ve Penn. angustifolium Gray
ee uliginosum Z,

Oxycoccus Oxycoccus (L.) Mac.
Chiogenes hispidula (Z.) 7. & G.
Chamaedaphne calyculata (Z.) Moench
Ledum Groenlandicum Oder

Kalmia glauca Azz,

Rhododendron Lapponicum (Z:) Wahl. |

Rhinanthus Crista-galli Z.
Melampyrum lineare Zam,
Trientalis Americana Pursh
Chelone glabra Z.

Diapensia Lapponica Z.

Gentiana linearis /voe/.
Empetrum nigrum Z,

Betula glandulosa J7x.

B. papyrifera Marsh.

Alnus Alnobetula (ZArh.) K. Koch
Salix Uva-ursi Pursh

Picea Canadensis (.WZ7z//.) B. S. P.
P. _ brevifolia P&.

Abies balsamea (Z.) M2277.

Goldthread

Sweet white violet
Mountain sandwort
Northern stitchwort
Wood sorrel

Three toothed cinquefoil
Red raspberry

Dwarf raspberry
Western mountain ash

~Meadow sweet

Oblong fruited Juneberry
Fetid currant |
Fireweed. Willow-herb
Round leaved sundew
Bunchberry. Sugarberry
Twin flower |

Mountain fly honeysuckle
Bluets

Mountain goldenrod

Alpine goldenrod

Low rattlesnake root .
Boott’s rattlesnake root
Tufted bilberry. Dwarf bilberry
Low blueberry

Narrow leaved low blueberry

| Bog bilberry

Small cranberry
Creeping snowberry
Leather leaf

Labrador tea

Swamp laurel

Lapland rosebay
Rattle. Rattlebox’
Cow wheat

Star flower

Snake head

Lapland diapensia
Narrow leaved gentian
Crowberry

Scrub birch

Paper birch. Canoebirch. White birch
Green alder

Bearberry willow
White spruce

Swamp spruce

Balsam. Balsam fir

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

Juniperus nana W2dd.
Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Hook.
Streptopus roseus J7Zx.
S. amplexifolius (Z.) DC.
Clintonia borealis (4z¢.) Raf.
Unifolium Canadense (Des/.) Greene
Veratrum viride Azz.
Juncus trifidus Z.
jf: filiformis Z.
Juncoides parviflorum (ZArh.) Coville
Scirpus caespitosus Z.
Eriophorum vaginatum Z.
Carex scirpoidea Mx.
canescens L.
brunnescens ( Pers.) Pozr.
trisperma Dew.

€

C

Oy

ON Magellanica Zam.
¢€ sterilis W7lld.

Cc Bigelovii Zorr.

C. ~— paucifiora Lighif.

Agrostis rubra Z.

Calamagrostis Canadensis (J7x.) Bu.
€. breviseta (Gray) Scrid.
- Stipa Macounii Scr7zd,

- Poa laxa Haenke

Deschampsia flexuosa (Z.) Trin.
Savastana alpina (Sw.) Scrid,

Phleum pratense Z,

Cinna latifolia (7rev.) Grised.

Cc arundinacea Z.

Low juniper

Tall white bog orchis
Sessile leaved twist stalk
Clasping leaved twist stalk
Northern clintonia

Two leaved Solomon’s seal
Indian poke

Slender fringed rush
Thread rush

Small flowered wood rush
Tufted club rush
Sheathed cotton grass
Scirpus-like sedge

Silvery sedge

Brownish sedge

Three fruited sedge
Magellan sedge

Little prickly sedge
Bigelow’s sedge

Few flowered sedge

Red bent grass

Blue joint grass
Pickering’s reed grass
Macoun’s stipa

Mountain spear grass
Wavy hair grass

Alpine holy grass
Timothy grass

Slender wood reed grass
Wood reed grass .

Spore bearing plants

Dryopteris spinulosa (Retz) Kuntze

Phegopteris Phegopteris (Z.) Underw.

Lerns

Spinulose shield fern
Long beech fern

Club mosses

Lycopodium Selago Z.

i: annotinum Z,
L. annotinum pungens Spring
hake clavatum Z.

Sphagnum cymbifolium Ehrh..
S. medium Limpr.
S. acutifolium ZL/rh.

Fir club moss
Stiff club moss

Prickly stiff club moss
Running pine. Club moss

Mosses

Sphagnum Russowii Warnst.

Si. strictum Zi2dd.
S. sedoides Arid.

663

i

664

Sphagnum Pylaesii Brid.
Andreaea petrophila Zhrh.
Cynodontium polycarpum Schim.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Aulacomnion palustre Schwaegr.
Pogonatum alpinum Loch?.
Polytrichum strictum Bazks

Dicranum fulvum ook, Be Ohioense 2. & C,
D. fulvellum S72. P. juniperinum W7ddd.
iD: elongatum Schwaegr. Tetraplodon mnioides B. & S,
Dp, fuscescens Zurn. Myurella julacea B. & S,
D. scoparium Hedw. Hypnum recurvans Schwaegr.
Fissidens osmundoides Hedw. H. denticulatum Z.
Ceratodon purpureus rid. H. uncinatum Hedw.
Barbula tortuosa W. & MM, ia rugosum Z,
Grimmia conferta Fuk i: Crista castrensis Z.
G. ovata WL & M. H. reptile 17x.
Racomitrium Sudeticum 2. & S. i; Ochraceum 7urn.
Le fasciculare Brid. ist sarmentosum Wahi,
Re microcarpum 477d, H. cuspidatum Z,
Conostomum boreale Sw. i? Schreberi /V/d.
Webera nutans edw. ice splendens Hedw.
W. elongata Schwaegr. inB umbratum £A%rh.
Aulacomnion turgidum Schwaegr.

Liverworts

Ptilidium ciliare Vees

Bazzania deflexa Underw.
Blepharostoma trichophyllum Dumort.
Cephalozia multiflora Spruce

Scapania nemorosa (Z.) Wees

5. undulata (Z.) Dumort.

Mylia Taylori S. 7. Gray

Cetraria aculeata (Schreb.) Fr.

Es Islandica (L.) Ach.
c nivalis (Z.) Ach.
Ss ciliaris Ach.

or lacunosa Ach.

Be Oakesiana 7uckm.

Evernia furfuracea (Z.) JZann
E. furf. Cladonia 7uckm.
Alectoria jubata (Z.) Fr.
Parmelia saxatilis CL AEG

rE physodes (L.) Ach.
Pee stygia (Z.) Ach.
Ee conspersa (ZArh.) Ach.

Umbilicaria proboscidea (Z.) Stenh.
U. erosa (Wed.) Lloffm.

Harpanthus scutatus Spruce
Jungermannia barbata Schred,

Ve gracilis Scleich.
f: Michauxli Weber
qe

Marsupella emarginata Dumort.

minuta Crantz

Lichens

Umbilicaria pustulata (Z.) Hoffm.

| Nephroma laevigatum Ach,

| Peltigera canina spongiosa 7Tuckm.

|B.

|

ge 3

Ephebe pubescens /7.

Biatora Diapensiae (7%. 7.) Tuckm.
granulosa (Zkrh.) Poetsch
Buellia petraea (/7ot.) Tuckm,. +

B. geographica (Z.) Zuckm.
spuria (Schaer.) Arn,
Lecanora badia (Pers.) Ach.

Ia. ventosa (L.) Ach,

a tartarea (Z.) Ach.
Rinodina sophodes (Ach.) Vy.
Stereocaulon paschale (Z.) 77.

5.

condensatum /offm.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 665

Cladonia symphycarpa /7.
cariosa (Ach.) Spreng.
decorticata /loerke
pyxidata (Z.) #7.
gracilis (Z.) Vy/.
grac. elongata /7.
squamosa Hoffm.
furcata (uds.) Fr.

aagaaagaa|na

Clitocybe laccata (.Scop.) Fr.
Omphalia umbellifera (Z.) Fr.
O. montana P2.

Galera Hypnorum (Latsch) Fr.
G, Sphagnorum (ers.) Fr.

Hygrophorus conicus (.Scop.) fr.

iH. ‘ psittacinus 77,
Russula foetens (Pers.) fr.
Cantharellus umbonatus /7.
Boletus illudens P£,

Ustilago Caricis (Pers.) Pcki.

rangiferina (Z.) Hoffm.

Cladonia rang. sylvatica Z.

rang. alpestris Z.
amaurocraea (F77.) Schaer.
uncialis (Z.) /7.
cornucopioides (Z.) #7. .
cristatella Zuckm.

deformis (Z.) Hoffm.
Thamnolia vermicularis (Sw.) Schaer..

OC CE

Baeomyces aeruginosus (Scop.) DC.
Lecidea arctica Sommerf.

Fungi

Puccinia Scirpi DC.

Peridermium decolorans P2.

AE ecidium houstoniatum Schw.
Coleosporium Solidaginis (Schw.) Thum.
Septoria brevis P2.

Leptosphaeria Marcyensis (P&£.) Sacc.
L. Crepini ( West.) De Not.
Sphaerella alnicola P2.

Dothidella Alni P2.

Hypoderma nervisequum (DC.) J.
Rhytisma salicinum (/ers.) Fr.
Taphrina bacteriosperma Johan.

Summary
ee MIANtS suis. aoe. Uk ee SUE. eS ee ee Pelee rie
MEMMISBe esa ek ene: ae ee EL Dl Ue BR
DeIMmInIOSSeshe erty Saee ieee Tail. SOD, 3
pee err ee A ees COON OP BPI SOLE: 45
wa EW CURLS: SNE PR Oe as aS NE Mee Dae EO Eee oa 13
Wramedome err SUE PO UE Tet ACYL: 45
Eire oneeente teehee OMIA YUN Lie TOD YL Sa TS 28
EeepeneNE OE PUNMC(AMSe ares es. Sos Aa Coa a hs ads Dow db et ae 131
a td Siu wai Shane Wate e G aan ace 206

Viola blanda Willd.

The sweet white violet grows on the sloping marsh east of the signal
station. It is the only violet of the summit. The marsh violet, V.
palustris L. is credited to the White mountains of New Hampshire but
has not yet been found in the Adirondacks~.

666 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Oxalis Acetosella Z.

The wood sorrel is one of the abundant plants of the Adirondacks.
Its pretty trifoliate leaves supported on slender petioles may be seen
almost everywhere in the woods. Their pleasant acid flavor is quite
refreshing to the thirsty tourist when in his long tramps through the
woods he fails to find potable water. The flowers are attractive by
their white petals striped with red or purplish lines. The ripened seeds
are thrown to some distance by the sudden elastic bursting of the mature
seed vessel.

Rubus strigosus JZ.

The red raspberry ascends to the open mountain summit, but rarely if
ever bears fruit there. Once only have I seen it in flower in this elevated
station. This was in August and but few flowers were seen. A single
fruit composed of only three drupelets had begun to develop. The plant
making this effort to bear fruit was far away from the summit and near
the tree limit. The lack of vigor in the plants, the prevailing low tem-
perature and the lateness in flowering, together with the probable
absence of the insects suitable for the proper pollenizing of the flowers
must make fruit bearing difficult and uncertain.

Cornus Canadensis JZ.

The bunchberry, also called dwarf cornel and sugarberry, is one of the
very common plants of the Adirondack region. It is found almost every-
where, growing on the mountains, in the valleys and passes, in woods
and marshes and open places. To the superficial observer it may appear
to have a single cluster of leaves and a single flower with four broad
white petals, opening just above the leaves. A closer observation would
show that the supposed petals are involucral bracts which surround a
cluster of several very small flowers. These are succeeded by a cluster
of beautiful bright red fruits which when fully ripe are edible.

Lonicera coerulea Z.

The mountain fly honeysuckle ascends almost to the very top of the
mountain. It occurs behind the sheltering rocks but a short distance
south or southeast of the signal station. It is one of the early flowering
shrubs. Its leaves bear some resemblance to those of the bog bilberry,

Vaccinium uliginosum L.

Solidago alpestris VW. & K. 7
Two goldenrods inhabit this bleak place and in August give a cheerful
aspect to it by the presence of their large heads of attractive golden yel-
low flowers. The alpine goldenrod is smillerthan the mountain goldenrod,

|
4

Cee ee ey eee

fo ee

Paes

|
]

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 667

S. macrophylla Pursh, but its flower heads are quite as large and beautiful,
Its leaves are narrower and it does not descen:i below thetree limit. The
mountain goldenrod is less particular in its habitat and descends even to
the valleys of North Elba. It is specially abundant in the half open and
half shaded places among the small balsam fir trees that grow near the
tops of the highest mountains and cover the summits of those which do
not reach above the tree limit. In such places the ground is usually
moist and often covered with mosses. Probably there is no Adirundack
peak having an altitude of 3500 ft or more on which this goldenrod does
not grow.
Nabalus Boottii DC.

In New York state fora this species is credited to Mt Whiteface and
WV. nanus DC. to Mt Marcy. Till the present year Mt Whiteface has
been the only known station in our state for Boott’s rattlesnake root, and
it seemed a little strange that it should be on one mountain and not on
the other. In August I visited Mt Marcy and was delighted to find it
growing there in a secluded place sheltered on one side by a high out-
cropping rock and on the other by a dense growth of small balsam fir
trees. The plants were thrifty and in flower.

Vaccinium caespitosum J/.

The tufted bilberry is a rare species with us. The station on Mt Marcy
-and one on Mt Whiteface are the only localities where I have seen it.
On Mt Marcy it was seen in several places the past season, but in every
instance without fruit. Several years ago, however, fertile specimens
were found there. In J///ustrated flora, V. Vitis-Idaea L. is credited to
the Adirondacks, but I have not yet found it. The low blueberry and
its narrow leaved variety, V. Pennsylvanicum angustifolium Gray, both
occur here. The bog bilberry, V. uliginosum L.,1s very abundant and
somewhat variable. It has a narrow Jeaved form and a form with slender
stem, in which the leaves appear to be half withered and the plant as if
about to die. Possibly this may be a diseased condition of the plant.

Oxycoccus Oxycoccus (Z.) Mac AL.

The small cranberry is found in both the marsh spots previcusly
described.

Kalmia glauca 477.

The swamp laurel is not rare in the Acirondacks. It occurs in many
of the marshes and on the marshy shores of lakes. On the summit of
Mt McIntyre it is associatcd with its near relative the sheep laurel,
Kalmir angustifolia L., but this species is strangely absert from the top
of Mt Marcy.

668 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Rhinanthus Crista-galli Z.

The summit of Mt Marcy is the only place known to me in our state,
where the rattlebox or yellow rattle grows. It may be found on the
southwest slope not far from the signal station. It was discovered in
this locality nearly 30 years ago and it still persists, apparently having
no difficulty in maintaining its position. It is one of the very few annual
plants found in this elevated place.

Picea Canadensis (J7//.) Bo S. P.

On the eastern slope a dwarf spruce is occasionally seen among the
small starved-looking balsam firs. It does not fruit and its foliage has
not the silvery green hue commonly seen in the white spruce. But
its twigs are glabrous and on this account it is referred to the white spruce.
The abundant half prostrate form with pubescent twigs was formerly sup-
posed to be a sterile dwarf of the black spruce, but because of its very
short leaves and their peculiar hue I have considered it a mountain form
of the swamp spruce, Picea brevifolia Pk.

Abies balsamea (Z.) AZ.

The balsam fir is more abundant than any other of the dwarf forms of
trees found on the open summit. Its hardy character is also shown by
the fact that it sometimes bears fruit here, but its cones are much smaHer
than those produced by trees growing at lower altitudes. In the botan-
ical descriptions of this species the cones are said to be two to four inches
long. The cones of these dwarf trees are generally less than two inches
long. They are usually to to 20 lines long. The leaves are shorter
than usual and many of them are emarginate at the apex. In this char-
acter and in the short cones, the species makes an approach toward an
agreement with the characters ascribed to Fraser’s balsam fir, Adzes
Fraseri (Pursh) Lindl. Fraser’s balsam fir is a southern species inhabit-
ing the mountains of North Carolina, Tennessee and southwestern Vir-
ginia. The curious thing is that our northern species, under the influ-
ence of a prevailing low temperature, should develop characters similar
to those belonging to a southern species presumably habituated to a
higher temperature.

Juniperus nana Willd.
In my earlier visits to Mt Marcy, the alpine form of this species was

there, but I have not seen it in more recent visits. The same remark
may be made concerning the tall white bog orchis, the slender fringed

oe eae

.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 ~ 669

rush, the scirpus-like sedge and Macoun’s stipa. Nevertheless I have
retained these species in the list, since it is possible that they are still
there.

Carex Bigelovii Zorr.

Bigelow’s sedge is the only one found on the highest part of the moun-
tain. It grows about the rock on which the signal is planted. With one
exception the other sedges will be found on the two marshes. Probably
no other Adirondack peak has as many species of sedges and grasses
growing on it as this The list contains the names of eight sedges and
IO grasses.

Dryopteris spinulosa (7ezz) Kuntze

The spinulose shield fern and the long beech fern ascend to the open
summit of Mt Marcy, but they fail to fruit in this bleak locality. The
former usually has a pale yellowish green hue, short fronds and pinnae
more blunt than in well developed specimens. It is common, well
developed and fertile among the small balsam firs below the tree limit.
The latter is also smaller than usual and is evidently not fully at home
here.

Sphagnum cymbifolium Z7r/.

The numerous peat mosses found here are good witnesses to the moist
character of the place. They require a copious supply of water and
refuse to grow where this is not obtainable. They also indicate, by their
peculiarly modified form, the cold and windy character of the locality.
Their stems are shorter than usual, the branches are crowded and the
plants are closely compacted in dense cushions as if for mutual support
and protection. In the more sheltered places they approach more
nearly their normal development.

Sphagnum sedoides Aid.

This is a singular peat moss. It forms soft mats of limited extent upon
the wet surface of rocks. Beginning at the margin of the thin soil
covering the upper part of an outcrop of rock, the stems lie prostrate on
the surface, parallel to each other, with their growing tips away from the
soil and lower than their bases. The color of this peat moss is usually
vinous red or purplish brown, but sometimes it is greenish, yellowish or
yellowish brown. There are two forms, one having the stems simple or
nearly so, the other bearing numerous short curved branches. The
name .S. sedordes was formerly limited to the simple form and S. Pylaesii
applied to the branched form. In the recently published Analytic heys
to the genera and species of North American mosses, the two forms are
included as one species under the name Sphagnum Pylaiei.

670 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Dicranum fulvellum Smzth

A rare moss not yet found elsewhere in our state. In our specimens
the dry capsule is slightly striate.

Dicranum elongatum Schwaegr.

This very dis!inct species forms dense mats on the ground or in fissures
of rocks. The long slender densely compacted stems and erect or ap-
pressed leaves make it easily recognized. ‘This is the only locality in
which I have found it.

Barbula tortuosa VW. & MW.

This moss forms cushions on rocks. It is not very rare in the Adiron-
dacks but is sterile on Mt Marcy.

Grimmia ovata VW. & M.

A rare but pretty little moss, which forms small dark green tufts on
bare rocks. It ascends to the very summit of the mountain and occurs
on the rocks near the signal. It is fertile here. It is not known to occur
anywhere else in our state, but in the /azua/ it is credited to various
places in the Rocky mountain region.

Conostomum boreale Sw.

This is a very rare but most beautiful and attractive species. It forms
cushions or tufts on rocks, and loves cold, mountainous regions. In our
state it is peculiar to Mt Marcy. Its pale glaucous green color and its
closely imbricated five ranked leaves make it a very distinct and easily
recognized species. It bears fruit in July.

Aulacomnion turgidum Schwaegr.

Damp ground on the northwestern slope. Sterile and in limited quan-
tity but a large moss easily known by its long, simple or sparingly
divided stems and obtuse leaves. This is the only locality in our state
where I have found it.

Tetraplodon mnioides 2. & S.

This moss was found here many years ago by the late Prof. Lesquereux
and recently by Mrs Britton. It is not common.

Hypnum sarmentosum Wahl.
Damp or wet places under overhangi)g rocks on the western and
northwestern slope. Sterile and not abundant. Easily known by its
dark purpl+ or intermingled green and purple fcliage. |

oe J
ph a li ek

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 671:

Cetraria aculeata (Schred.) fr.

This is a rare lichen with us and occurs here and on Mt Whiteface in
small quantity. The Iceland moss, C. /s/andica (L.) Ach.,is abundant.

b=

Umbilicaria proboscidea (Z.) Stenh.

The species of Uméilicaria are not plentiful here. The three recorded
in the list were all found growing near each other on the same rock.
This one extends northward to Arctic America and Greenland.

Thamnolia vermicularis (Sw.) Schaer.

This singular lichen attracts attention by its pure white color. It is
plentiful, growing among mosses and other lichens on the thin soil of the
mountain tops but it is always sterile with-us. Its podetia or stems are
simple or sparingly branched, hollow, sharp pointed 2 to 4 in. long and

about as thick as a goose quill. It is more abundant on Mt McIntyre
than on Mt Marcy.

Cladonia cornucopioides (Z.) /.

@

Three Cladonias having red apothecia occur on the mountain top.
They are the present species, C. deformis (L.) Hoffm. and C. cristatella
Tuckm. The reindeer moss, C. vangiferina (L.) Hoffm., is abundant and
variable. ‘There are 13 species of Cladonia represented here. In very
dry weather we can feel them crumble under our feet as we walk over
them. To a botanist who dislikes to destroy these interesting plants, this
is a disagreeable sensation.

Biatora Diapensiae (Zz. 77.) Zuckm.

A rare lichen inhabiting Diapensia sods and not known to occur else-
where in our state. In Zuckerman’s synopsis of NV. A. lichens it is credited
to the White mountains. Its near relative, B. granulosa (Ehrh.) Poetsch
is common in the Adirondacks, growing on and encrusting turfy ground,
dead mosses and decaying wood, both on mountain tops and in the valleys.

Buellia geographica (Z.) Zuckm.

This lichen is interesting because of its beauty and its habitat. It
grows on the hard surface of bare rocks from which it is scarcely possible
to detach it. It forms a thin crust over the surface and by its contrast
of bright yellow and black colors it attracts the attention of the observer
and enlivens the otherwise unattractive and gloomy appearance of the
dark, weather beaten surface of the rock. It carries us back in imagina-

672 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

tion to the time when the whole mountain top was bare rock, and by its
peculiar habitat suggests the possibility that it may have been one of the
first plants to take possession of this lofty rocky summit.

Omphalia umbellifera (Z.) 7.

This is the common mushroom of the mountain top. It is a small
species whose cap is rarely more than an inch broad. Its color
is commonly pale yellow in this locality, but it is sometimes white. QO.
montana Pk., found here about 25 years ago, has not since been found.

Boletus illudens 2.

A single large well developed specimen of this fungus was found on the
summit in August. The species also occurs on low land near the sea
shore. It is evidently a species of wide range and capable of growing
in places of very different altitudes.

Ustilago Caricis (fers.) Fcki.

Abundant on Magellan sedge on the lower marsh. The fungus
attacks the ovaries or seeds of the sedge and covers them with a black
coat of spores.

Peridermium decolorans 7%.

In some seasons this parasitic fungus is plentiful on the leaves of
spruces. The feeble ones of cold marshes and mountain tops appear to
be specially liable to attack. It discolors the leaves it attacks, turning
them yellow and increasing their unnatural, unthrifty or sickly appear-
ance. In his revision of the rust fungi of coniferous trees, Baron Thiimen
considered this fungus a variety of Peridermium abietinum A. & S.,
but the differences between the two are sufficient, in my opinion, to
warrant their separation as distinct species. ‘They may be separated at
a glance by the difference in the discoloration of the leaves attacked by
them. The difference in the shape of their spores also affords a dis-
tinctive feature, but this is not visible without the aid of a microscope.
Probably our fungus is the aecidial form of some species of Chrysomyxa.
£P. abietinum is the aecidial form of Chrysomyxa Ledi (A. & S.) De Bary,
a species not yet found within our limits.

Hypoderma nervisequum (DC.) /7.

This fungus forms a black line on the lower surface of leaves of balsam
fir. It follows the vein of the leaf.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 673

Rhytisma salicinum (/e7s.) /.

A parasitic fungus which attacks the leaves of various species of
willows in Europe, Asia and America. ‘The only willow on the summit
of Mt Marcy is the bearberry willow. The fungus forms large, black
protuberances on the upper surface of the leaves and black spots on the
lower surface directly under the protuberances. ‘The leaves of this willow
are so small that usually but one protuberance occupies a leaf.

G
EDIBLE FUNGI
Tricholoma portentosum centrale 2.
CENTRAL TRICHOLOMA

PLATE 57 jig. 1-5

Pileus convex, sometimes slightly umbonate, viscid, virgate with innate
blackish fibrils, sooty brown in the center, pale yellow or greenish yellow
elsewhere, flesh white; lamellae moderately broad and close, emarginate,
white or yellowish; stem equal, solid, white; spores broadly elliptic,
0003 in. long, .ooo2 broad.

This variety of the dingy Tricholoma, 7! portentosum, is well marked
by the colors of the cap, which is pale yellow or greenish yellow except
in the center where it is sooty brown or blackish brown. Minute brown
or blackish lines or fibrils radiate from the center toward the margin.
When fresh or moist the surface of the cap is viscid. The flesh is white
and the taste mild.

The gills are white or yellowish, rather broad and rounded at the end
next the stem to which they are narrowly and slightly attached. Some-
times they are transversely striated or streaked by lighter lines. The stem |
is nearly equal in thickness in all its parts. It is solid and white or
whitish both externally and internally. The cap is from 1 to 3 in. broad;
the stem 1.5 to 3 in. long, 3 to 5 lines thick. The plants are gregarious
and inhabit thin woods. They may be foundin autumn. This is a fairly
good edible mushroom, but not superior in any respect to many others
that are more abundant. ‘The typical form of the species, Z7zcholoma
portentosum, has the cap of a uniform sooty brown color. Saunders and
Smith figure a variety which occurs in England and which has the cap
greenish yellow with a sooty brown center almost exactly like our plant.
The brown color of the central part of the cap is very conspicuous and
is suggestive of the name we have given to this variety.

674 : NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Cortinarius corrugatus /%.
CORRUGATED CORTINARIUS

PLATE 57 fig. 6-13

Pileus fleshy, broadly campanulate or very convex, viscid when moist,
coarsely corrugated, bright yellow, reddish yellow, tawny or ochraceous,
flesh white; lamellae close, pallid when young, becoming tawny with
age; stem rather long, equal, hollow, bulbous, pallid or yellowish, the
bulb viscid and usually colored Jike the pileus; spores broadly ellip-
tic, rough, .c0045 to .o0055 in. long, .0003 to .ooo4 broad. 2

The corrugated Cortinarius is a well marked and easily recognized
species, quite distinct from its allies. Although the color of the pileus is
variable, its viscid, corrugated surface and the viscid bulb of the stem
afford distinctive and easily recognized characters. Sometimes the cor-
rugations or wrinkles anastomose with each other in such a way as to

give a reticulated appearance. ‘The color varies from yellow to reddish.

tawny or reddish ochraceous. The margin in young plants is incurved.

There is a variety in which the cap is adorned with darker colored
spots or scales. This bears the name, variety subsguamosus. In all
other respects it is like the species.

The gills are closely placed side by side. They are at first of a pale
hue but assume a darker and more definite tawny color with age. They
are usually minutely uneven or eroded on the edge and transversely
striate on the sides. They areslightly narrowed toward the stem.

The stem is generally a little longer than the width of the cap. It is
commonly smooth but sometimes sprinkled near the top with minute
yellowish particles and adorned below with a few fibrils. It is hollow
and has a distinct viscid bulbous base, the viscidity of which is a pecu-
liar feature. This bulb in the very young plant is even broader than the
young cap that at this stage of development appears to rest uponit. The
color of the bulb is usually like that of the cap, but the stem is com-
monly paler than either.

The cap is 2 to 4 in. broad; the stem 3 to 5 in. long, 3 to 8 lines thick.
The plants are gregarious in woods and bushy places and may be found
from June to September. It sometimes grows in considerable abundance
and as an edible species it is not to be despised.

a] Se oe, Ter oe ee

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 675

Hygrophorus puniceus /. ec
RED HyGROPHORUS
PLATE 58 fig. I-7 ;

Pileus thin, fragile, conical or campanulate, becoming expanded and:
often wavy or lobed, glabrous, viscid, bright red, paler when old;
lamellae broad, thick, distant, yellow, often reddish ; stem equal or some-
what ventricose, hollow, yellow or red and yellow, usually white at the
base ; spores elliptic, .0003 to .o004 in. long, .ooo2 broad.

The red Hygrophorus is a rather large but very tender fragile species.
Its bright red cap makes it a beautiful and conspicuous object. It is
however often irregular and lobed or split on the margin. Its color is
apt to fade to yellow when old. The whole plant is so fragile that it
must be handled with care to prevent its breaking in pieces.

The gills are rather broad and moderately distant from each other.
Their color is yellow or red and yellow and their attachment to
the stem slight. The stem is rather thick and sometimes narrowed
toward each end. It is hollow, at least when mature and is usually
yellow at the top, red in the middle and white at the base. The cap is
I to 3 in. broad; stem 2 to 3 in. long, 4 to 6 lines thick.

It grows in damp or mossy places both in woods and open grounds
and appears from July to September. It surpasses our other bright red
species in size. It may be separated from the carmine Hygrophorus,
H.. coccineus, by its larger size, the narrow attachment of the gills to the
stem and the white color of the base of the stem. From the vermilion
Hygrophorus, 1. mznzatus, it is distinguished by its glabrous viscid cap.
All of these species are edible and no harm would come to the eater if
one should be mistaken for either of the others. The red Hygrophorus
is very tender and sapid and may be classed as an excellent though not
an abundant mushroom.

Hygrophorus virgineus (Wulf) Fr.
WHITE HyGROPHORUS
PLATE 58 fig. 8-12

Pileus fleshy, convex, often becoming plane or centrally depressed,
sometimes irregular or wavy on the thin margin, moist, white, flesh white,
taste mild; lamellae thick, distant, decurrent, white; stem firm, smooth,
solid, equal or tapering downward, white; spores elliptic, .00025 to .0003
in. long, .ooo2 brvad.

676 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

This species is white in all its parts and when regular and well formed
is a pretty mushroom. But the large specimens are apt to be irregular.
The cap is thick and fleshy except at the margin, and though it may be
moist it is not viscid. In the European plant its surface sometimes cracks
into small areas and becomes floccose when dry, but I have not seen
these features in the American plant. The spores in our plant are gener-
ally a little smaller than those of the European plant.

The stem is sometimes thickened upward and enlarges as it enters
the cap. The cap is 1 to 3 in. broad; the stem 1 to 2 elem
3 to 5 lines thick. It is found in grassy ground and pastures in wet
weather from July to October. It sometimes occurs in meadows where
it is overshadowed by tall grass. I know of no other wholly white in-
digenous Hygrophorus that grows in such places. Its flesh is less tender
than that of the preceding species, but it is a good mushroom and one

that would be more useful if more abundant, and more eagerly sought if
better known.

Hypholoma:incertum 2.
UNCERTAIN HyYPHOLOMA
PLATE 58 fig. 13-20

Pileus thin, fragile, at first ovate or subcampanulate, then broadly
convex, hygrophanous, whitish, often tinged with yellow, commonly
white when dry, the thin margin often wavy lobed or irregular and in
the young plant adorned with fragments of the white floccose fugacious
veil, flesh white; lamellae thin, narrow, close, adnate, at first whitish,
then purplish brown; stem equal, hollow, easily splitting, white or whit-
ish ; spores elliptic, .o003 in. long, .ooa2 broad.

The thin fragile cap is sometimes split on the margin. It has a moist
appearance when young and fresh, but this is lost with age and in dry
weather. The prevailing color is white, but a yellow tint is often added,
specially in the center. The surface is occasionally slightly radiately
wrinkled.. The margin is sometimes curved upward, and a faint purplish
tint apparently due to the color of the mature gills, is sometimes seen.
In the young plant floccose fragments of the ruptured veil adhere to it,
but these soon disappear.

The gills when young are nearly white, but they become darker with
advancing age and when fully mature are purplish brown. They are
attached to the stem by their entire width.

The stem is slender, cylindric, hollow and white. The cap is 1 to
2.5 in. broad; the stem 1 to 3 in. long, 1 to 3 lines thick. It grows in

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 677

groups or in clusters in lawns, gardens, copses and pastures and may be
found throughout the season if the weather is sufficiently wet. Its flesh
is tender but not highly flavored, and it may well be regarded as a very
good mushroom. .

It bears such a close external resemblance to Candolle’s Hypholoma,
- H. Candolleanum, that it has been thought by some to be a variety of it.
This close similarity is suggestive of the specific name. It differs from
that species in having the young gills white or whitish instead of viola-
ceous and in the gills being adnate instead of adnexed. In the color of
the gills and in the character of their attachment to the stem the species
makes an approach to a similarity with the appendiculate Hypholoma,
HI. appendiculatum, so that it really holds a place intermediate between
this and Candolle’s Hypholoma. Its paler color and more even dry cap
separate it from the appendiculate Hypholoma. Its habitat is also dif-
_ ferent and it is not so apt to grow in tufts. |

.

Lactarius Chelidonium 7%. &
CELANDINE LACTARIUS
PLATE 59 fig. 1-6

Pileus convex, becoming nearly plane and umbilicate or centrally
depressed, grayish yellow or pale tawny, sometimes with a few narrow
zones on the margin, assuming bluish green tints or stains when old;
lamellae narrow, close, adnate or slightly decurrent, grayish yellow, milk
saffron color, scanty, mild; stem short, nearly equal, hollow, colored
like the pileus ; spores yellowish, globose, .0003 in. in diameter.

The celandine Lactarius is closely related to the delicious Lactarius,
from which it may be separated by its smaller size, shorter stem, paler
color, narrow gills and saffron colored milk. The cap 1s either broadly
convex, nearly plane or depressed in the center. Sometimes the central
depression is small like an umbilicus. The color is grayish yellow or
pale tawny and in some instances there are two or three narrow bands
or zones near the margin. When old, its cap becomes bluish green or is
marked by bluish green stains.

The narrow gills are close together and are attached to the stem by

their entire breadth or are slightly decurrent. They are at first of a
) peculiar grayish yellow or dingy cream color, but when old they are
generally whitish pruinose. In some specimens they are wavy or forked
at the inner extremity. The milk is scanty and paler than in the deli-
cious Lactarius. It is nearly asaffron color and is mild.

678 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The stem is short and cylindric or nearly so, glabrous, hollow and
colored like the cap. It is sometimes spotted or stained with bluish
green when old, but I have not seen it with such permanent depressed
colored spots as often adorn the stems of the allied species, Z. delictosus,
L. subpurpureus and L. Indigo. The cap is 2 to 3 in. broad; the stem
1 to 1.5 in. long, 4 to 6 lines thick. It grows in light sandy soil under
or near pine trees and occurs from July to September. Its edible qualities
are similar to those of the delicious Lactarius.

oe

Lactarius distans 7%. ~~
DISTANT-GILLED LACTARIUS
PLATE 59 fig. 7 to II

Pileus firm, broadly convex or nearly plane, umbilicate or slightly
depressed in the center, with a minute velvety pruinosity, yellowish

tawny or brownish orange; lamellae rather broad, distant, adnate or ~

slightly decurrent, white or creamy yellow, the interspaces venose, milk
white, mild; stem short, equal or tapering downward, solid, pruinose,
colored like the pileus; spores subglobose, .00035 to .oco45 in. broad. —

The distant-gilled Lactarius is similar to the orange Lactarius in color,
but in other respects it is quite distinct. Theshort stem, widely separated
gills and pruinose surface of the cap are distinctive features. The cap is
broadly convex and often has a small central depression or umbilicus.
In some cases it becomes nearly plane or even slightly funnel shape by

the spreading or elevation of the margin. The surface, specially in.

young and in well developed specimens, has a soft pruinose or almost
velvety appearance to the naked eye, and when viewed through a mag-
nifying glass itis seen to be covered with minute persistent granules.
The surface is sometimes wrinkled and frequently it cracks in such a
way as to form small angular or irregular areas. The color is a peculiar
one, varying somewhat in shade, but with tawny hues prevailing. It
has been described as yellowish tawny and brownish orange. The flesh
is white or whitish and has a mild taste.

The gills are wide apart, somewhat arched in specimens having a con-
vex cap and slightly decurrent in those with fully expanded or centrally
depressed caps. Their color is white or creamy yellow and in old and
dried specimens they have a white piuinosity as if frosted by the spores.
The milk is white and mild.

The stem is short, rarely more than an inch long, and is cylindric or
tapering downward. It is solid and colored and clo:hed like the cap.

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REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 679

The cap is 1 to 4 in. broad; the stem is usually about 1 in. long, 4 to 8
lines thick. It is found in thin woods, bushy places and pastures from
July to September. It is similar to the orange Lactarius, ZL. volemus, in
its edible qualities. It has several features in common with Lactarius
hygrophoroides B. & C. and L. Calceolus Berk.. My reasons for consider-
ing it distinct are given in a preceding part of this report.

Lactarius Gerardii 2.
GERARD’S LACTARIUS
PLATE 59 fig. 12 to 16

Pileus broadly convex or nearly plane, sometimes slightly depressed
and rugosely wrinkled, sooty brown, flesh white, taste mild; lamellae
rather broad, distant, adnate or slightly decurrent, white or whitish with
venose interspaces, milk white, mild; stem short, equal or tapering
downward, stuffed or hollow, colored like the pileus; spores globose,
.00035 to .00045 in. broad. |

This Lactarius closely resembles the preceding in size and shape, but
it differs decidedly in the color of its cap and stem, and in having the
latter hollow. It resembles the sooty Lactarius, Z. “gnyotus Fr., in color,
‘but differs from it in having the stem short, the gills wide apart and
wounds not changing color. In some specimens the center of the cap
is furnished with a small umbo or papilla and the surface is wrinkled.
‘It also has an unpolished appearance caused by a pruinosity similar tc
that of the preceding species but of a sooty brown color. The margin is
thin and often wavy or somewhat lobed. The gills are so nearly like
those of the preceding species that they need no further description.
The plants grow in woods and open places from July to September. In
flavor and edibility the species.is very similar to the distant-gilled Lac-
tarius. In nearly all the species of this genus that I have tried, the flesh
is firm but brittle and the flavor not of a high order.

Cantharellus cinnabarinus Schw. ;
CINNABAR CHANTARELLE
PLATE 60 fig. 1-9

Pileus firm, convex or slightly depressed in the center, often irregular
with a wavy or lobed margin, glabrous, ciinabar red, flesh white; lameliae
narrow, distant, branched, decurrent, red; stem equal or tapering down-
ward, glabrous, solid or stuffed, red; spores elliptic, o003 to .0004 in
long, 00016 to .ooo2 broad.

680 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

The cinnabar Chantarelle is readily recognized by its color. It is
externally red in all its parts, the interior only being white. It isa small
species but often quite irregular in shape. Small specimens are more
likely to be regular than large ones. Sometimes the cap is more fully
developed on one side than on the other. This makes the stem eccen-
tric or in some cases almost lateral. . The color is quite constant, but in
some instances it is paler and approaches a pinkish hue. Itis apt to fade
or even disappear in dried specimens. The gills are blunt on the edge
as in other species of this genus. . They are forked or branched, narrow
and decurrent.

The stem is small, smooth and usually rather short. It is generally
solid, but in the original description it is characterized as stuffed. The
cap is 8 to 18 lines broad; the stem 6to 12 lines long and 1 to 3
broad. It grows gregariously in thin woods and open places and may
be found from July to September. It sometimes occurs in great abun-
dance, which adds to its importance as an edible species. The fresh
plant has a tardily and slightly acrid flavor, but this disappears in cook-
ing. In Epicrisis, Fries referred this species to the genus Hygrophorus,
and in Sylloge also it is placed in that genus, but it is a true Cantharellus
and belongs in the genus in which Schweinitz placed it.

Cantharellus floccosus Schw.

FLOCCOSE CHANTARELLE
PLATE 60 fig. 10-14

Pileus firm, rather thin, elongated funnel form or trumpet shaped,
deeply excavated, floccose squamulose, yellowish or subochraceous ; lam-
ellae thick, narrow, close, repeatedly forked branched or anastomosing,
very decurrent, ochraceous yellow ; stem short; spores ochraceous, ellip-
tic, .0005 to .o006 in. long, .o003 broad, with an oblique apiculus at one
end and usually uninucleate.

The floccose Chantarelle is a large and very distinct species. There
is nothing with which it can easily be confused. When young it is nar-
rowly club shaped or almost cylindric, but by the expansion of the upper
part it soon becomes trumpet shape. The cavity extends even into the
stem. ‘The surface of the cap is somewhat floccose or scaly, but the
scales may be thick and persistent or thin and evanescent. The color is
yellowish inclining to ochraceous, but the inner flesh is white. The flesh
is so thin that the weight of the whole plant is less than might be
expected, judging from the size.

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 681

The gills are narrow, thick and blunt on the edge. They are so much
branched and connected by cross veins that much of the hymenial sur-
face has a coarsely reticulated appearance. Both the gills and the inter-
spaces are ochraceous or yellow ochraceous. ‘The stem is very short and
may be either glabrous or hairy. In some cases it is elongated andsome-
what curved or flexuous and extended like a horizontal root among
fallen leaves. The cap is 2 to 4 in. broad at the top, and 3 to 6
in. long. The plants are gregarious and grow in woods from July to
September. My trial of its edible qualities was very satisfactory and I
consider it a very good mushroom for the table. |

Boletinus pictus 2. |
PAINTED BOLETINUS
PLATE 61 fig. 1-5

Pileus convex or nearly plane, at first covered with a red fibrillose
tomentum, soon spotted with red fibrillose scales, flesh yellowish; tubes
tenacious, adnate, pale yellow becoming darker or ochraceous with age,
their mouths rather large, angular; stem cylindric, solid, slightly and
evanescently annulate by the remains of the fibrillose or webby veil, yel-
low and glabrous above the annulus, clothed and colored like the pileus
below it; spores ochraceous, .00035 to .00045 in. long, .00016 to .c002
broad. :

The painted Boletinus is a beautiful and easily recognized species. The
cap of the young plant is wholly covered by a red fibrillose tomentum
which soon separates into tufts or scales and reveals the yellowish color
of the surface beneath. In the very young plant the tomentum of the
Cap is continuous with that of the stem and conceals the young tubes.
This connecting part of the tomentum is usually of a paler or grayer color
than the rest. With the expansion of the cap it separates from the mar-
gin and clings to the stem forming a kind of fibrillose or webby collar
around it. This collar is apt to disappear with age. The flesh of the cap
is yellowish and when cut or broken and exposed to the air it sometimes
slowly assumes a dull reddish color. ;

The tubes of the young plant are pale yellow, but when mature they
are ochraceous. Their mouths are angular and the edges of the dissepi-
_ ments are uneven. The stem is cylindric or sometimes slightly thicker
atthe base than at the top, It is yellow at the top but colored and
clothed like the cap below the slight collar. The capis 2 to 4 in. broad;
the stem 1.5 to 3 in, long, 3 to 6 lines thick, The species inhabits

682 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM.

woods and mossy swamps. Itis most often found under or near pine trees
and occurs from July to September. The tubes near the marginof the
cap do not separate easily from it and in preparing specimens for cook-
ing it is not necessary to discard them. _

Boletus Clintonianus 2%.
Ciinton’s BOLETUS
PLATE 61 fig. 6-I0

Pileus convex, very viscid or glutinous, glabrous, golden yellow, red-
dish yellow or chestnut color, flesh pale yellow or whitish, tubes adnate,
their mouths small, angular or subrotund, pale‘yellow when young, ochra-
ceous when mature, changing to brown or purplish brown where bruised ;
stem equal or slightly thickened at the base, annulate, solid, yellow above
the annulus, colored like the pileus below, the annulus thick, persistent,
white or whitish ; spores brownish ochraceous, .0004 to .oo045 in. long,
.00016 to .ooo02 broad. .

Clinton’s Boletus is variable in color. In the typical form, which is
represented on plate 61, the color is reddish brown or chestnut, but spect-
mens occur in which it is reddish yellow or even golden yellow. The
surface of the cap is very viscid when moist, smooth and shining when
dry. The flesh is whitish or pale yellow, but it is apt tofade or become
dingy by exposure to the air. The taste is mild.

The tubes are at first concealed by the thick veil. This soon separates
from the margin of the cap and forms a thick persistent collar on the
stem. When first exposed the tubes are pale yellow, but they become
ochraceous or dingy ochraceous in the mature plant. Their mouths are
small and nearly round.

The stem is stout, solid and nearly equal in thickness in all its parts.
It may be straight or flexuous. It is yellow above the collar and colored
like the cap below it. Sometimes the extreme apex is slightly re-
ticulated by the decurrent walls of the tubes, but it is not dotted.
The cap is 2 to 5 in. broad; the stem 2 to 5 in. long, 4 to g lines
thick. This Boletus grows in woods and in open places and is generally
found under or near tamarack trees. It is specially fond of damp,
mossy places, and occurs from July to September. Because of their
viscidity the caps are often soiled by adhering dirt or fragments of
leaves. It is well therefore to peel them in preparing them for the table
and to remove the tubes. It is excellent in flavor and is a fine addition

to our list of edible species,

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Fie. 61018 CORTINARIUS CORRUGATUS px.

Fic. 1105 TRICHOLOMA PORTENTOSUM CENTRALE px.

CORRUGATED CORTINARIUS

CENTRAL TRIGHOLOWA

EDIBLE FUNGI

N. Y. STATE Mus. 52 PiaTe 57

C. H. Peck, DEL.

Fic. 1105 TRICHOLOMA PORTENTOSUM CENTRALE px. Fic. 61018 CORTINARIUS CORRUGATUS px.
CENTRAL TRICHOLOMA CORRUGATED CORTINARIUS

NCPR oedema

ir

es

ost
as pe een PEL ss sien sinc POON ean

“we

rn, .
MOA 0s tiara is cevirasyi ee

8G 3LVId "SG ‘SOW 3LVIS “A 'N

1oay Ole we ele Lea la hla Lai

“SNEOHdMOUSAH ALIHA “SNHYOHdEOUDAH aay
‘4 SNANIDYIA SNHYOHMOYDAH Zo 8 ‘54 ‘4a SNAOINNd SNYOHdOYDAH / oO 1. ‘ols

"13g ‘103d "H °9

Vranas

Peay

ORL apis

ids

arene

Sail wen Co Aton ewe,

a

EDIBLE FUNGI

N. Y. STATE Mus. 52, PLATE 58

C. H. Peck, Det.

Fic,:1107 HYGROPHORUS PUNICEUS rr. Fic, 81012 HYGROPHORUS VIRGINEUS rr.
RED HYGROPHORUS. WHITE HYGROPHORUS.

fics. 1317020 HYPHOLOMA INCERTUM px.
UNCERTAIN HYPHOLOMA.

é

eet nee

SNA inden stew prance

io ay pense : we
eS ie Lien a EO

6G 3LV1d ZG ‘SAW 31V1S ‘A °N

. ee LC = a= wwe ee ee bee

““- HGEVesU SNIBVLOVI YI Of cl “sold
SNIYVLOVI SNIGNV13S9

‘SNIYVLOVI GaTilS-LNVLsida . ;
%4 SNVLSIG SNIAVLOVT Hho Z ‘old 4d WNMINOGIISHS SNIYVLOVI 914 ‘D4

"13g ‘103d ‘H °9

ion
Coren crrcene

Wn hae ewen Oba ea NON

Nena mconan'-o tc GLY

ie
ONAN ates.

5
;
:
;

EDIBLE FUNGI

N. Y. STATE Mus. 52

PLATE 59

C. H. Peck, DEL.

Fic. 1106 LACTARIUS CHELIDONIUM px. Fa. 77011 LACTARIUS DISTANS px.
CELANDINE LACTARIUS DISTANT-GILLED LACTARIUS.

Fias, 12 7o 16 LAGTARIUS GERARDII! px.
GERARD’S LACTARIUS

EDIBLE FUNGI

PLATE 60

N. Y. STATE Mus. 52,

Urayerw lan ye,

me ap meer

Sera ad
mes = eee

C. H. Peck, Det.

Sruw

41070 14 CANTHAREIITIIC FIQOCCOcCLIC

Fig.

US CINNABARINUS scuaw.

11709. CANTHARELL

Fic,

EDIBLE FUNGI

N. Y. State Mus. 52 PLATE 60

C. H. Peck, Det. ; / : nee = Sane eta ee abeael

Fic, 11709. CANTHARELLUS CINNABARINUS scnw. Fie. 10 To 14 CANTHARELLUS FLOGCOSUS scuw.
CINNABAR CHANTERELLE, 3 FLOCCOSE CHANTERELLE

“49 3Lvid ZG ‘SNIN 3LVLS “A "N

IDNNA ATaIdGd

we EB ONS SATU StUNI2ZSa IVa UsLNiIivae

4d SANVINOLNITO SNL310G of 9 “V4 td SNLOId SNNILSION 3%! ‘os

"tad ‘103d °H “0

EDIBLE FUNGI

N. Y. State Mus. 52 PLaTe 61.

C. H. Peck, DEL. :

Fe. 1705 BOLETINUS PICTUS px. Fic, 61010 BOLETUS CLINTONIANUS px.
PAINTED BOLETINUS. CLINTON’S BOLETUS,

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898 683

EXPLANATION OF PLATES
PLATE «7
Tricholoma portentosum centrale 2.

Figures CENTRAL TRICHOLOMA
rt Young plant
2,3 Two mature plants
4 Vertical section of the upper part of a plant
5 Four spores xX 400 :

Cortinarius corrugatus 2.
CORRUGATED CORTINARIUS

Very young plant, showing cap and bulb
Young plant after elongation of the stem
Mature plant

Oo cost oO

Vertical section of the upper part of a plant
10 ‘Transverse section of a stem
1z Four spores x 400

Var. subsquamosus 2.

12 Immature plant
13 Immature plant showing the young gills

PLATE 58

Hygrophorus puniceus /7.
RED HyYGROPHORUS

Young plant
Two mature plants, one showing the gills
Vertical section of the upper part-.of a young plant
Vertical section of the upper part of a mature plant
Transverse section of a stem
Four spores x 4.00

CS fo keny Ont SEEN ert)

Hygrophorus virgineus (Wud) /r.
WHITE HyGROPHORUS

3,6, 10 Three plants showing three forms of cap
11 Vertical section of a plant
12 Four spores x 400

684

15

14
i520
17
18
=
20

Om & W ND FH

12
13
14
5
16

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Hypholoma incertum /%.
UNCERTAIN HYPHOLOMA

Three young plants united at the base

Immature plant showing the young gills

Two mature plants showing the gills

Vertical section of the upper part of a young plant
Vertical section of the upper part of a mature plant
Transverse section of a stem

Four spores X 400

PLATE 509

Lactarius Chelidonium 72.

CELANDINE LACTARIUS |
Young plant
Mature plant with marginal zones on the cap
Mature plant without marginal zones
Old plant with cap fully expanded
Vertical section of a plant
Four spores X 400

Lactarius distans 7%.
DISTANT-GILLED LACTARIUS

Young plant

Mature plant with convex cap
Mature plant with cap fully expanded
Vertical section of a plant

Four spores X 400

Lactarius Gerardii 72.

GERARD's LACTARIUS
Young plant
Mature plant with convex cap |
Mature plant with cap fully expanded
Vertical section of a plant
Four spores X 400

REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST, 1898

PLATE 60
Cantharellus cinnabarinus Schw.
CINNABAR CHANTARELLE

Two young plants with convex caps
Four mature plants of various forms
Vertical sections of two plants

Four spores X 400

Cantharellus floccosus Schw.
FLoccOSE CHANTARELLE

Young plant

Mature plant of small size
Mature plant of larger size
Vertical section of a small plant
Four spores X 400

PLATE 61
Boletinus pictus 2.
PAINTED BOLETINUS
Young plant
Two mature plants
Vertical section of the upper part of a plant
Four spores X 400

Boletus Clintonianus 2%.
CLINTON’S BOLETUS
Young plant with tubes concealed by the veil
Two mature plants

Vertical section of the upper part of a plant
Four spores X 400

685,

INDEX

The superior figures tell the exact place on the page in ninths; e. g. 626
means page 626, beginning in the third ninth of the page, i. e. about one

third of the way down.

Abies balsamea, 668°
Alopecurus agrestis, 645°
Amelanchier oligocarpa, 651°
Antennaria neglecta, 644+
Anthony, Mrs E. C., gift, 626°
Arthir).. C2) -pakt, 3627
Aster acuminatus, 653°
divaricatus cymulosus, 652°
_hirsuticaulis, 644°
lateriflorus glomerellus, 652°
grandis, 652”
pendulus, 652°
thyrsoideus, 652°
macrophyllus velutinus, 652°
prenanthoides porrectifolius, 652
Aulacomnion turgidum, 670°

Parbula tortuosa, 670°
Barratt, H. W., gift, 627”
Bartholomew, Elam, gift, 627°
Baxter, M. S., gift, 627°
Biatora Diapensiae, 671°

granulosa, 647*

Laureri, 6477

Schweinitzii, 647°
Boletinus pictus, 681°-827

explanation of plate, 685°
Boletus Clintonianus, 6827

explanation of plate, 685°

illudens, 672°

Ravenelii, 656°
Botrychium dissectum, 645°
Braendle, F. J., gift, -627

Britton, Mrs E. G.,, gift, 626°
Broussonetia papyrifera, 644°
Buellia geographica, 671°-72"
Burt, E. A., gift, 626°
Burt, -H. Py et. 627

Cantharellus cinnabarinus, 679°-80°
explanation of plate, 685°
floccosus, 680°-81°
explanation of plate, 685°
Carex Bigelovii, 6697
scirpoidea, 654"
Cetraria aculeata, 671°
Chantarelle, cinnabar, 679°-80°
explanation of plate, 685°
floccose, 680°-81°
explanation of plate, 685°
Chlorosplenium aeruginascens, 650°
Circaea alpina, 653°
Cladonia cornucopioides, 671°
- decorticata, 647°
sobolescens, 647*
Clitocybe eccentrica, 6487
Clitopilus socialis, 648'-49*
Conostomum boreale, 670°
Convallaria majalis, 645°
Cornus Canadensis, 666°
Cortinarius corrugatus, 674°
explanation of plate, 683°
subsquamosus, 655°
Cowell, W. G., gift, 627°
Crepidotus epibryus, 649*
Cytisus scoparius, 643°

INDEX TO THE REPORT OF THE'STATE BOTANIST, 1898

Danthonia compressa, 654°
Davis, J. J., gift, 627°
Dearborn, R. F, gift, 627°
Dicranum elongatum, 670”
flagellare, 655+
fulvellum, 670°
- Diplotaxis tenuifolia, 643):
Doellingeria umbellata, 653°
Dryopteris spinulosa, 669°
Didley. P.-H., stit;- 627°

Edible mushrooms, see Mushrooms
Eriophorum Virginicum, 654°

Fenno, Pee, -21it,-626° <
Ferns, on Mt Marcy, 663‘
Floerkia proserpinacoides, 651°
Francis, G. E., sift, 627°
Fungi, on Mt Marcy, 665° ©
edible, see Mushrooms

Galera Hypnorum umbonata, 655"
lateritia albicolor, 655°

Galium Claytoni, 6437

Geum macrophyllum, 651°

. Gifts, list, 619°, 626°-27°

Glaucium Glaucium, 6517

Gomphidius furcatus, 640°

Grimmia ovata, 670*

Gymnosporangium Nidus-avis, 650°

_Hebeloma palustre, 649°
Hieracium aurantiacum, 653°
Marianum, 653°
Howe, E. C., gift, 627°
Howland, F. G,, gifts, 626°
Hydnum Caput-ursi brevispineum,
656°
Hygrophorus puniceus, 675"
explanation of plate, 683°
virgineus, 675°-76*
explanation of plate, 683°
Hypholoma incertum, 676°-77*
explanation of plate, 684'
Hypnum laxepatulum, 646°
sarmentosum, 670°

687
Hypoderma nervisequum, 672°

Juncoides spicatum, 645°
Juncus militaris, 654°
Jungermannia gracilis, 646°
Kunzeana, 646°
Juniperus nana, 654°, 668°-69'
Virginiana, 654°

Kalmia glauca, 667°
Knickerbocker, Mrs M. A., gift,
626°

Lactarius Chelidonium, 677*-78
explanation of plate, 684°
distans, 656°,-678°-797
explanation of plate, 684°
Gerardii, 679°
explanation of plate, 684"
Lepiota solidipes, 647°
Lespedeza frutescens, 643°
Nuttallii, 643*
Lichens on Mt Marcy, 664'-65°
Liverworts on Mt Marcy, 664°
Lonicera coerulea, 666° -

McIlvaine, Charles, gift, 627°
Marasmius acerinus, 648°
Maurice, Mrs C. S., gift, 626°
Millington, Mrs L. A., gift, 626*
Morris, G. E., gift, 6277
Mosses on Mt Marcy, 663°-64*

_Mt Marcy, plants on, 620°-21*, 657-73

soil, formation of, 658'-50°
Mushrooms, edible, 621*-22°, 673-82

Nabalus Boottii, 667°

trifoliatus, 644°
Names of plants, changes in, 619°-20"
list of changed, 628-42
North Elba, flora, 622"
Nye, G. H., gifts, 627°

Omphalia umbellifera, 6727
Onagra cruciata, 643°
Otis, F. N., gift, 627°

688 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Oxalis Acetosella, 666"
Oxycoccus Oxycoccus, 667°

Panicularia borealis, 645°
_ Panicum Atlanticum, 645°
Peltigera riifescens, 646°
Peridermium decolorans, 672°
Engelmanni, 650°
Peronospora australis, 650°
Physcia adglutinata, 646°
setosa, 647°
Picea Canadensis, 668°
Pinus divaricata, 653°-54°
Placodium vitellinum, 647”
Plants, list of contributions, 626°27°
on Mt Marcy, 620°-21°, 657-73
species added to collection, 619”,
623-26
not before reported, 620°, 642-
50
Plates, explanation of, 683-85
Polyporus hispidellus, 649°-50°
Potentilla fruticosa, 651°
Psilocybe caerulipes, 655°
uda, 649°

Rathbun, F. R., gift, 627°
Rhinanthus Crista-galli, 668°
Rhytisma salicinum, 673*
Ribes prostratum, 651°
Roberts, L. W., gift, 626°
Rubus strigosus, 666°

Salsola Tragus, 644°-45°
Scapania apiculata, 646°
Scolopendrium Scolopendrium, 655°
Seed bearing plants on Mt Marcy,
662-63
summary, 665°

Sisymbrium altissimum, 642°
Solidago alpestris, 666°-67°
erecta, 643°
hispida, 644°
macrophylla, 652”
Virgaurea Redfieldii, 652*

Sphagnum cymbifolium, 669°

medium, 646°

Pylaesii, 655°

quinquefarium, 646°

Russowii, 646°

sedoides, 669°
Splachnum rubrum, 646*
Spore bearing plants on Mt Marcy,

663'-65°

suanmary, 665°

Sterling, E. B., gift, 627°

Tetraplodon mnioides, 670°
Thamnolia vermicularis, 671°
Tricholoma acre, 648
portentosum, 647*
centrale, 655°, 673°, 6837
Tympanis laricina, 650°

Umbilicaria erosa, 646°
proboscidea, 671°
Underwood, L. M., gift, 626°
Uromyces caryophyllinus, 650*
Ustilago Caricis, 672%

Vaccinium caespitosum, 667°
Vermicularia punctans, 650°
Viburnum alnifolium, 651°-52”
Viola blanda, 665°

ovata, 6437

Watrous, Mrs E., gift, 626°
Webster, Hollis, gift, 627°

(fages 689-90 were bulletin cover pages)

——

GENERAL INDEX

r prefixed to page numbers refers to the Director’s report; other page

numbers refer to the appendixes.

The superior figures tell the exact

place on the page in ninths; e. g. 23° means page 23, beginning in the
third ninth of the page, i. e. about one third of the way down.
For fuller indexes to museum bulletins, see index printed with each bulletin.

Aborigines, Earthenware of New
York aborigines, by W. M. Beau-
champ, 71-146.

Abramis crysoleucas, r95?,

Accessions to collections, r18'-32°.

Achirus fasciatus, r110°.

Adams, A. P., gift, r24*.

Alectis ciliaris, r1037.

Alewife, r96°.

Alutera schoepfii, r107’.

Ambloplites rupestris, r104".

Ameiurus nebulosus, r94’.

Anchovy, rg7.

Anguilla chrysypa, r95’.

Animals, life histories, r27.

Annin, James, jr, gift, r93*.

Apeltes quadracus, r100*.

Aphredoderus sayanus, ri01°.

Attendance at museum, r17‘.

Babcock, Dwight, gift, r22°.

Bagg, R. M., jr, Report of work on
collections of Mesozoic and Ceno-
zoic fossils, r32°-40*; revision of
collections of fossils, r6’; synop-
tie catalogue, r71-78.

Bailey, S. C. H., collection of min-
erals, r8*.

Bairdiella chrysura, r106°,

Bass, black sea, r105’.
killy, r98°.
large-mouthed black, r105”.
rock, r104*.
small-mouthed black, r105+.
striped, r105°.

Bean, T. H., collection of fishes,
r12°, r29°-32°; marine inverte-
brates collected by, r28'; Report
on the fishes of Long Island, r92-
be

Beauchamp, W. M., bulletins pre-
pared by, r11°-12?; Earthenware
of New York aborigines, 71-146.

Bergall, r1071.

Billfish, r1013.

Birds added to collection, r26.

Bishop, I. P., collections, r19*.

Black-fish, r107?,

Bluefish, r104?,

Botanist, report for 1898, 615-88.

Botany, ‘work in, r147-157.

Bothus maculatus, r110*

Brevoortia tyrannus, r968,

Bricks, collected by Heinrich Ries,
r23°,

Bridgeford, John, gift, r24°.

Bulletins published during 1898,
rig’,

692

Bullhead, r94*.
Butter fish, r104°.

Caranx hippos, r103°.

Carcharhinus obscurus, r93°.

Carcharias littoralis, r937.

Carp, r94°.

Catalogue, of Mesozoic and Ceno-
zoie fossils, r40°-46°; of European
fossils, r47*-71'.

Catskill: mountains, map, r25‘,

Cenozoic fossils, r82°-46°.

Centropristes striatus, r105’.

Clark, W. F., gift, r937.

Clarke, J. M., work in pure geology,
r5’; study of Portage formation,
r5°; paleontologic investigations,
re’.

Clays collected by Heinrich Ries,
r23°.

Conley, F. E., gifts, r22°.

Converse, Mrs H. M., gifts of In-
dian relics, r11*.

Cunner, r107'.

Cushing, H.'P., work in erystallines
of Adirondack region, rbd’.

Cynoscion regalis, r106*.

Cyprinodon variegatus, r99*.

Cyprinus carpio, r94’.

Davis, -JsV:, Sikt, coe.
Director’s report, r5-17.
Dogfish, smooth, r93*.
spined, r94°.
Dog-shark, r93*.
Donovan, D. B., gift, r23*.
Dwight, W. B., gift, r18°*.
Earthenware, of New York abori-
gines, by W. M. Beauchamp, 71-
146.
Economie geology, work in, r7*-8;
additions to collection, r22'-23°.
Hel, 1957,
conger, r95°.
Elm-leaf beetle in New York state,
by H. P. Felt, 1-438.
Elops saurus, r96%,

‘

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Entomologist, 14th report, by E. P.
Felt, 149-295; supplement to 14th
report, 297-611.

Entomology, work in, r13*-14’.

Eocene fossils from France, r37°.

EKucinostomus gula, r92’, r106*%.

Eupomotis gibbosus, r104°.

HKuropean fossils, catalogue,
AS

r47?-

Felt, E. P., entomologie work, r13*;
Hlm-leaf beetle in New York
state, 1-48; 14th report of state
entomologist, 149-295; supplement
to 14th report, 297-611.

Filefish, r107°,

orange, r107’.

Hinehs J) Hy, Sit re: ;

Fishes of Long Island, Bean collec-
tion, r12°, r29?-32°; report on, r92-
111.

Flatfish, r110*.

Fluke, r110%.

Fossil plant from Orange county,
r79'-81°.

Fossils, see Paleontologic collection.

Fundulus diaphanus, r98°.

heteroclitus, r98°.
majalis, r98*.

Gar, silver, r99".

Gasterosteus bispinosus, r100’.

Gastropoda, changes in nomencla-
ture, r34*.

Geologie collection, synoptie col-
lection, r6°-7°; additions to, r18-
2°,

Geologic map, revision, r6‘.

Geology, work in, rd°-7*.

Geology of Lake Placid region, by
J. F. Kemp, 47-67.

Getty, A. FS cities

Gifts, to economic collection, r22?-
237; to geologic collection, r18?; to
mineralogic collection, r24'; to
paleontologic collection, r21°; to
zoologie collection, r26.

GENERAL INDEX

Glens Falls,
tory, rs7’.

- Gobiosoma bosci, r109%.

Gold, investigation of localities pro-
ducing, r7’, r82-87.

Graham, C. H., gift, r26.

Grosvenor, T. W., collection of
birds, r13?.

Hake, r109*.

Halfbeak, r100’.

Hall, James, memorial of scientific
career, ro°.

Harrington, EK. B., gift, r26.

Herring, big-eyed, r96?.

‘branch, r96°.

} Hippocampus hudsonius, r101’.

Historic geology, additions to collec-
tion, r18'-21°.

Hooper, William, gift, r19.

Howell, E. E., relief maps modeled
by, rié6’.

Hyporhamphus roberti, r100’.

Ihiseng, M. C., gift, r18’.

Indian museum, r9?-12°;
to collection, r24°-257.

Insects added to collection, r26.

Introductory collection of rocks, r6é°.

frwain, J. C., £ift, r227,

Johnson, Willis, gift, r26.

experimental labora-

additions

Kemp, J. F., work in crystallines of
Adirondack region, r5°; Geology of
Lake Placid region, r6%, 47-67.

Killifish, r98°*.

Killy, bass, r98°.

fresh water, r98°*.
short, r99*.

Kingfish, r106’,

Kirtlandia laciniata, r92’, r102'.

Kronse, F. M., gift, r24°.

Ktimmel, H. B., study of red sand-
stone rocks of Rockland county,
ro,

Lackey, Andrew, gift, r24'.

Lake Placid region, geology of, by
J. F. Kemp, 47-67.

693

Lake Superior, specimens from
iron-bearing region, r19*-215,

Lamellibranchiata, changes in no-
menclature, r337.

Lamna cornubiea, r941.

Lamprey, sea, r93°.

Lane; J. S., gift, 1237,

Latto; A. P., gift, 193"

Lebias, r99*. :

Leptocephalus conger, r95°.

Life histories of animals, r27.

Lintner, J. A., memorial of life and
entomologic work, 297-400.

Long Island, collection of marine
invertebrates, r28'; fishes, 112%,
r29?-32°, r92-111.,

Look down, r103°.

Lucania parva, r99'.

Lucius americanus, r97’.

lucius, r98'.
masquinongy immaculatus, r98?.
reticulatus, r97°*.

Luther, D. D., study of Portage
formation, r5°; revision of areal
geology of Ontario county, rb5*.

Mackerel, yellow, r103°.
Mackerel shark, r94’.
Manhattan island, maps, r25°,

Maps, see Geologic map; Relief
maps.
Marine invertebrates collected by

T. H. Bean, r28',
Mascalonge, unspotted, r98°.
Menhaden, r96°.
Menidia beryllina, r102°.
notata, r102°,
Menticirrhus saxatilis, r106’.
Merluccius bilinearis, r109°.
Merrill, F. J. H., report as director,
rd-17.
Mesozoic fossils, r325-46°.
Microgadus tomcod, r109’.
Micropterus dolomieu, r105'.
Salmoides, r105?.
Military relics, collection of, r17°*.

694

Miller, G. S. jr, catalogue of mam-
mals, r12’.

Miller’s thumb, r108*.

Mineralogic collection, additions to,
r24',

Mineralogy, work in, r8°*.

Minnow, fathead, r95*.

silvery, r95°.

Mollusca, changes in nomenclature,
r33°.

Monacanthus hispidus, r107°*.

Moonfish, r103°.

Morone americana, r105°.

Mud creeper, r109*.

Mugil cephalus, r103'.

curema, r103°.

Mullet, silver, r103*.

striped, r1031.

Mummichog, r98°*.

Murchison, Sir Roderick, catalogue
of European fossils presented by,
r47*-71,

Murdock, H..H., gift, r26:

Museum, state, attendance Dey eT:

Museums, list of, r17’.

Mustelus canis, r93*.

Nematophyton logani, r81°.
Nevius, J. N., collections, r19*; col-
lection of embryonic unios, r12°;
fossils collected by, r6*; A fossil
plant from Orange county, 79'-
81°; arrangement of articles in In-
dian museum, r10*; investigations,
r7°, r8'; photographie work, 115%;
Sacandaga mining and milling co.
and Sutphen process, r82-87.
Nomenclature of mollusca, changes
itl Too.
Notropis atherinoides, r95°.
“hudsonius, r95°*.
whippli, r95*.
Office work, r16°-17'.
Opsanus tau, r109*.

Orange county, fossil plant, r79'-
81°.

NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM

Osmerus mordax, r97°*.

Oyster fish, r109*.

Paleontologic collection, additions
to, r21°; Mesozoic and Cenozoic
fossils, 1r32°-46°; European fos-
sils, r47'-71'; synoptic catalogue,
r71-78.

Paleontology, work in, r5°-7°.

Palinurichthys perciformis, r104°.

Paralichthys dentatus, r110*.

Peck, C. H., botanical work, r14’;
report of state botanist for 1898,
615-88.

Penhallow, D. P., examination of
fossil plant, r81°.

Perca flavescens, r105*.

Perch, pirate, r101°.

white, r105°.
yellow, r105*.

Petromyzon marinus, r93°*.

Photographie work, r15’-16%.

Phycis tenuis, r109°.

Physiography, additions to collec-
tion of relief maps, r16*.

Pickerel, banded, r97’.

chain, r97°,

Pike, r98*.

Pimephales notatus, r951.

Pipefish, r101*.

Pomatomus saltatrix, r104*.

Pomolobus mediocris, r96*

pseudoharengus, r96°,

Pompano, r104*.

Porgy, r1061.

Port Jervis, Notes on a trip from
Port Jervis to Rondout, by Hein-
rich Ries, r88-91.

Prionotus earolinus, r108°.

strigatus, r108".

Pseudopleuronectes americanus,
FLIO*,

Puffer, r108'.

Pygosteus pungitius, r100*.

Raja eglanteria, r94°.

erinacea, r94*,
ocellata, r94*

GENERAL INDEX

Relief maps, r16°, r25°.

Rhombus triacanthus, r104°.

Richmond, A. G., connection with
Indian museum, r9*; death, r11’.

Ries, Heinrich, revision of bulletin
on clay and shale industry, r8'*;
photographie work, r15‘; bricks
and clays collected by, 123°;
Notes on a trip from Port Jervis
to Rondout, r88-91.

Roach, r95?,

Roccus lineatus, r105*.

Rock bass, r104’.

Rocks, synoptic collection,
r18-21.

Rondout, Notes on a trip from Port
Jervis to Rondout, by Heinrich
Ries, r88-91.

Rudder fish, r104°.

r6’-7°,

Sacandaga mining and milling co.,
r82-87.
Scientific papers, catalogue, r17’.
Scup, r106%.
Sea horse, r101’.
Sea lamprey, r93°.
Sea robin, r108&°.
striped, r108".
Selene vomer, r103°.
Shad, hickory, r96*. n
Shark, dusky, r93°.
mackerel, r94’.
sand, r93”.
Silver Jenny, r106°.
Silverside, r102°*.
fresh-water, r102*.
rough, r102'.
Siphostoma fuscum, r101’.
Skate, clear-nosed, r94°.
prickly, r94°*.
spotted, r94’.
Smelt, r97°.
Piet NV. D., eirt, r22%.
Smyth, C. H., jr, work in crystal-
lines of Adirondack region, r5°.

695

Snyder, W. S., gift, r24°.
Sole, american, r110*.
Spawn-eater, r95°*,
Species, use of term, r35°.
Spheroides maculatus, r108*.
Spurr, Hi. W.eo:, gitt, rl97
Squalus acanthias, r94?.
Stenotomus chrysops, r106'.
Stickleback, four spined, r100*. ©
10 spined, r100*. .
two spined, r100%.
Stolephorus brownii, r97'.
mitehilli, r97?.
Stone, Livingston, gift, r93*.
Sunfish, common, r104°.
Sutphen process, r82-87.
Swellfish, r108.
Synoptic catalogue of fossils, r71-78.
Synoptic collection of rocks, r6°-7?, ©
r18-21.,

Tautog, r107*.

Tautoga onitis, r107°.
Tautogolabrus adspersus, r107'.
Threadfish, r1037.

Toadfish, r109+.

Tomecod, r109’.

Trachinotus carolinus, r104'.
Tylosurus marinus, r99’.

Uranidea gracilis, r108*.

Wagar, Isaac, gift, r227.
Walters, C. H., gift, 1937.
Warlock, Cyrus, gift, r22°.
Weakfish, r106*.

Whiting, r109°*.

Whitmore, C. B., gift, r23'.
Window pane, r110*.

Yellow-tail, r106°.
Zoologic collection, additions, r26-

32; preparations illustrating life
histories of animals, r27.

Zoology, work in, r12°-13°,

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