ROR THE, PEOPLE
FOR EDYCATION
FOR SCIENCE

LIBRARY
OF

THE AMERICAN MUSEUM

OF

NATURAL HISTORY

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“America,” I heard a voice complain,
“The first-born children of your broad domain,

The nurselings of your prairies vast and broad,
Look to them—they were given you of God,
And what He gives He will not give again.”
—JoHn Hatt WHEELOCK.

ANNUAL KEEOR T

OF ELE

AMERICAN BISON
SO Ciba y

EGOS Oo)

OBJECT:

THE PERMANENT PRESERVATION AND INCREASE OF
THE AMERICAN BISON

PuBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY
1908

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CopyrRIGHT 1908
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THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY. :
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CONTE NLS

@PBICER SANDE WINAINIA GER Stace teccstiattay meee etter nace or irae aed een ed eye Ot VII
HISTORY AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY........ ErNEst Harotp BAYNES 1
REPORT ORME URE ASURER sey cuca serine ten eae ciate ce ieiierre CLARK WILLIAMS 14

REPORT Ole PLATHEAD, BUFFALO RANGE... . oatcacesceo seas vous nee Me Jo BERopi 15

a eee W. T. Hornapay 55
Gensus oF Ilivinc AMERICAN BISON... .5.........'.....+. W. L. HORNADAY 71:
NOTES ON THE CENSUS.......... OME es Ey. ieler mak Wil ei
CONSTITUTION (OF THE ISOGINT Ys ooo co os ects Scns oe As Fess ko nn te nD

TET SANOR Ae VI NCBER SR gennrrn | hit Avot caw aegis RRA i GN ae A aoe tn coat 81

Etst OF ILLUSTRATIONS

AMERICAN BISON (IN COLORS)..............3y SC +C¢—=7C7MMMy Vrontispiece

THE KING oF THE CORBIN HERD. .:0:.-0:. 42... - Photo by E. H. Baynes VIII
BIRD’SEYE VIEW OF THE PROPOSED RANGE.............. Photo by M.J. Elrod 16
VIEW OF THE WANGE FROM THE) HAST. oc... ssc. o6. ae a 5 18
(tem, WiTSSTON, -MOUNTATING: 2 o-mceacee. oasnccu. cae - is ri 20
THE SOUTHERN PORTION OF THE RANGE.............-. + 5 24
SOUTHERN FRONT OF THE RANGE (1)................. + of 26
SOUTHERN FRONT OF THE RANGE (2).................- “ : 28
ON-THE SUMMIT On RHE WANGES =./ccoume secs ee. e - e 30
WATE Wid STUER g8)O CK OM VAATEME Yi w tep-tertstnees s/t seen tava 2 i 32
THE JocKko VALLEY AND JUNCTION WITH THE FLATHEAD, i is 34
AM EHD OCHO) IRUNVDIY ASU NUS Aan ea osog ae aaes aos oe 5 a 36
RAVAETICAND MBE \OGKON VIALEEY.... sales oe aan eae: ee) . iM 38
ARETE ya OGIKOMVEAT eR yaRACD URCAV AUST Ieecrs eraveareieteie cierto areces ‘ 2 40
EASTERN SIDE OF THE PROPOSED RANGE.............. ¥ re 42
A PorTION OF THE PABLO HERD ON THE RANGE........ os oe 45
Tur PABLO HERD READY FOR SHIPMENT..:..::......- ti i 48
inp CHuir Ane ZOOLOGIGAT, PARKS ..-mc se cisc-5 Photo by E. R. Sanborn 54
THE BISON ON THE WAGONS AT CACHE............ a = 58
SPRAYING A BISON WITH CRUDE PETROLEUM........ * fi 60
PorTION OF A CORRAL, SHOWING A SHELTER SHED.. cs 5s 60
THE CorRRALS AND SHEDS OF THE WICHITA HERD.... 3 is 63
CoMANCHE INDIANS VISITING THE BISON.......... = 60
SupposepD REMAINS OF CHIEF PouNbD-MAKER’s LAST

BIGs BISON MSE NUGEMDER' cies donee eieiciee extent ai a 4 70

MAPS

OS chin ee ROROSED ISON PECAINGE Ady EMAWAIEIS se secle crne aise re aia eletametel vane eictenen ce

Ee ETE IE OATELE AID) ENED TAIN IMESERWACETOINN elenese cicter ie coaiccl clei acre ale arersiemete etememens 21

OFFICERS OF

Tar AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY
1908-1909

Hon. President, Hon. -THEODORE ROOSEVELT, President of the
United States.

Hon. Vice-President, His Excellency EARL GREY, Governor-General of
Canada.

President, WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, Director New York Zoological Park.

A. A. ANDERSON, President of the Camp-fire Club of
America.

Prof. FRANKLIN W. HOOPER, Director of Brooklyn
Institute Arts and Sciences.

Secretary, ERNEST HAROLD BAYNES, “Sunset Ridge,’ Meriden, N. H.

Treasurer, CLARK WILLIAMS, Columbia Trust Company, New York.

BOARD OF MANAGERS

Vice-Presidents,

AAG ANDERSON! 2 a. ™ . . . . 80 West 40th Street, New York
ERNEST HAROLD BAYNES wd yt aie i » =. Meriden; N.H:
HERBERT L. BRIDGMAN. Sec’y Peary mace Club, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dr. H. C. BUMPUS . . Director American Museum of Natural History

Dr. CHARLES B. DAVENPORT,
Director Biological Station, Carnegie Institution, Cold Spring Harbor, L. I.

Prof. MORTON J. ELROD . . University of Montana, Missoula, Mont.
MADISON GRANT. .°. . . Secretary New York Zoological Society
Prof. FRANKLIN W. HOOPER, Director of Bklyn. Inst. Arts and Sciences
Dr. WILLIAM T. HORNADAY . .. Director New York Zoological Park
CA TONES A sn / Us 4. & Topeka; Kansas
Prof. DAVID STARR JORD ANS : Paland Stiitord University, California
FREDERIC H. KENNARD .. . ._. 220 Devonshire Street, Boston
FREDERIC A. LUCAS, Curator of Museum, Bklyn. Inst. Arts and Sciences
Prof. HENRY F. OSBORN .. . . . Columbia University, New York
Drs SS) PALMER 2»... Brolocicaly Survey, Washington;. Di. G:
Commander ROBERT FE, PEARY, U; S, N. =. . . Washington, D; C.

A. BOWEN PERRY,
Commissioner Royal N W. Mounted Police, Regina, Canada

JOLIN IVES PEEPS ses 9 5. 2 we eeeeen Jane Street) Rittshure sas
GIEFORD:PINCHOT = i. «72 3 @. {Forester Washington, D.C.
EDMUNDS SEY MOUIR 3. .. 4.5.0. 3s. 2 =45. Wall Street; NewYork
FURR YS Wiese 5. ee er Worcester, Mass:
Cy EY SLONEPBREDGE ye. Lasth Street faad Third Ave., New York City
ORUNG EMEA Rs . . . 50 State Street, Boston, Mass.

WILLIAM LYMAN UNDERW oop,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Mass.
Hon, JAMES S. WHIPPLE,
N. Y. State Forest, Fish and Game Commissioner, Albany, N. Y.
CLARK WILLIAMS... Care of Columbia Trust Company, New York
Prof. CALVIN M. WOODWARD . Washington University, St. Louis, Mo.

‘dauH NIGdOD WHL AO ONIN FHL

Pip LORY AND PROCEEDINGS, OF
CEE SOCLE LY:

HE national movement now on foot for the perma-

nent preservation of the Buffalo began in June, rgo4,
when Mr. Ernest Harold Baynes went to live on the
border of the Corbin Game Preserve in New Hampshire,
which for many years has been the home of one of the
largest herds of Buffalo in the world. ‘The sight of these
splendid creatures made a deep impression on Mr. Baynes,
and excited his interest in the fate of their race, then in
great danger of: becoming extinct.. He sought to- create
public interest in the matter by a series of articles printed
in the Boston “Transcript” that summer, and in August
was aroused to greater activity by a letter written by Hon.
William .;Chandler-and addressed to Hon. James
Woalson, secretary yor veticulture: Im’ this letter Mr.
Chandler called the attention of the United States Govern-
ment to the fact that, while the owners of the preserve
desired to carry out as far as possible the intention of the
rounder, the late> Austin ‘Corbin, and “preserve the
Buffaloes, the ever-increasing expense of maintaining so
large a herd (then numbering 160 head) was already too
Creatatou bey home by a private tamily. Mir. Chandler
intimated that unless the Government was sufficiently
interested in) the matter to provide for)or take other
“Steps. wo preserve- them: permanently, ~ 1t might be
necessary to dispose of them elsewhere.

Early in the fall Mr. Baynes visited Prof. Franklin
W. Hooper, Director of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts
and Sciences, at his home in Walpole, N. H., and with
him discussed the possibility of arousing wide public
interest in the Buffalo. At Professor Hooper’s suggestion,
letters were written to many prominent persons, including
President Roosevelt, urging them to interest themselves
in the fate of the vanishing Bison. President Roosevelt
took immediate and active interest in the subject, as is
evidenced by the following letter :—

1

White House, Washington.

OYSTER BAY,.N... Y., Sept. 16, 1904:

Personal.

My dear Mr. Baynes :—

I am much impressed with your letter, and I agree
with every word you say. I remember you well. I have
written Secretary Wilson, sending him your Jetter and
requesting him to take the matter up with me, and [I shall
treat of 1t in my annual message.

With great regard, Sincerely yours,

THEODORE ROOSEVELT.

Mr. Ernest Harold Baynes,
Cornish: lat, Ni. El.

Then followed a series of some forty articles on the
Buffalo, some illustrated and published in the magazines,
but most of them syndicated and printed simultaneously
in about twenty of the leading newspapers in different
parts of the country. ‘The press was sympathetic and
generous, and these articles were the subjects of many
editorials favorable to the cause of Bison preservation.

On Jan. 18, 1905, Mr. Baynes delivered before the
Boston Society of Natural History an illustrated lecture
entitled ““The American Buffalo—A Plea for His Preser-
vation.” On the day after the lecture several gentlemen
who had become interested met informally and discussed
plans for the organization of a society which should have
for its object the preservation of the Buffalo. Most of
those present are now members of the American Bison
Society, and some of them are among its most active
workers.

The above lecture was repeated before the Brooklyn
Institute of Arts and Sciences, the Camp-Fire Club of
America, the Harvard Travelers’ Club, the Boone and
Crockett Club, and many other organizations. At the
Camp-Fire Club Mr. Baynes talked over with its Presi-
dent, Mr. William T. Hornaday, the advisability of
organizing the proposed society, and Mr. Hornaday
agreed that if the society were organized he would accept
its presidency. Later, President Roosevelt was invited to

9
4

become the Tlonorary President, and, on his acceptance,
arrangements were made for organization.

A meeting was called for the 8th of December, 1905,
and notices were sent to about two hundred persons known
to be interested in the fate of the Buffalo. Of these, four-
teen assembled in the Lion House of the New York Zoo-
logical Park, and organized The American Bison Society.
These fourteen persons were :—

AA Anderson, 80 West 40th St., New York.

Robert C. Auld, New York City.

Einest Elarold Baynes, Meriden, N.-H.-

Edward Cave, Editor of “Field and Stream,” New
York City.

Prof. Franklin W. Hooper, Director of the Brooklyn
Institute of Arts and Sciences.

William “2, Horaday, Director of the’ New York
Zoological Park.

Frederic H. Kennard, 220 Devonshire St., Boston,
Mass.

Francis Piper, Arlington Heights, Mass.

Mrs. Francis Piper, Arlington Heights, Mass.

Harry V. Radford, Editor of ““Woods and Waters,”
New York City.

Martin Schenck, Chief Engineer Department of
Parks, Borough of the Bronx, New York.

Gi ©! Shields, “Editor of Shields’ Niagazine, New
York City. :

C. H. Stonebridge, 148th St. and Third Ave., New
York City:

Charless-E.”) Rownsend, Wirector of the New York
Aquarium.

When the meeting was called to order, Messrs.
Hornaday and Baynes were elected temporary chairman
and temporary secretary respectively. A nominating com-
mittee appointed by the chair, presented a report, and the
following persons were elected officers of the Society:

Honorary President, Hon. Theodore Roosevelt;
President, William T. Hornaday; Vice-Presidents, A. A.
Anderson and Dr. Charles S. Minot; Secretary, Ernest
Harold Baynes, and Treasurer, Edmund Seymour.

3

An Advisory Board was elected, consisting of the
following persons: Prof. Franklin W. Hooper, Prof.
David Starr jordan, Prot, Viortons). Eliod) Prot, 1. 1:
Dyche, Prof. John H. Gerold, William Lyman Under-
wood, Madison Grant, Ernest ‘Thompson Seton and
Frederic TH. Kennard,

The President was empowered to appoint an Executive
Committee of seven men, to include the President and
Secretary. He appointed Messrs. Frederic H. Kennard
and William Lyman Underwood, of Boston; Madison
Grant and W. T. Hornaday, of New York; Mr. Gifford
Pinchot and Dr. T.S. Palmer, of Washington, D. C., and
FE. 1 Baynes:

The Executive Committee was instructed to draft a
Constitution.

Professor Hooper suggested that since there were
several herds of Buffalo in Canada, including the only
wild herd of any size in existence, the Canadians would
doubtless be much interested in the Society, and should
be invited to join hands with the people of the United
States in this effort to preserve an animal common to both
countries. He moved that the Premier of Canada be
invited to hold office in the Society, and accepted Mr.
Radford’s amendment that the invitation be extended to
the Governor-General of Canada also.

SPECIAL MEEDINGOFR THE SOCIETY.

A special meeting of the American Bison Society was
held at the New York Zoological Park, in the office of
Director W. 'T. Hornaday, on the 2d of February, 1906.

President Hornaday was in the chair. Others present
were Prof. Franklin W. Hooper, C. J. Jones (‘‘Buffalo”
Jones), Dr... 5S. Palmer, Puederie Ti: hennard, and
4rnest Harold Baynes.

The Secretary read many letters concerning the preser-
vation of the Buffalo from well-known authorities in
different parts of the country. ‘These letters were written
in answer to a series of questions recently sent out by Mr.
Hornaday, and the correspondents agreed that it was
possible to save the Buffalo from extinction, and that the
only sure way to accomplish its preservation was by estab-

4

lishing a number of buffalo herds in widely-separated
parts of the country.

At this meeting the Constitution was adopted and, in
accordance with its provisions, the following Board of
Managers was elected :—

For two years.—A. A. Anderson, Ernest Harold
Baynes, Franklin W. Hooper, W. T. Hornaday, Frederic
He Kennard, Charles S$. Minot, T..S. Palmer, Gifford
Pinchot and Edmund Seymour.

For one year.—L. L. Dyche, Morton J. Elrod, John
El Gerould, Madison Grant,’C. |; Jones, David Starr
Jordan, A. Bowen Perry, Ernest Thompson Seton and
William Lyman Underwood.

A. Bowen Perry, Esq., of Regina, Canada, is Commis-
sioner of Royal Northwest Mounted Police, and his name
was sent to the Secretary by His Excellency, Earl Grey,
Governor-General of Canada, who had been requested to
suggest a Canadian to serve on the Governing Board of
the American Bison Society.

MEETING OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS.

After the adjournment of the general meeting, the
Board of Managers met and elected the following officers
for the year 1900:

Honorary President, Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, Presi-
dent of the United States; Honorary Vice-President, His
Excellency Earl Grey, Governor-General of Canada;
President, William T. Hornaday; Vice-Presidents, A. A.
Anderson and Charles S. Minot; Secretary, Ernest
Harold Baynes; Treasurer, Edmund Seymour.

FIRST ANNUAL MEETING
OF THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY.

The first annual meeting of the American Bison
Society was held on the roth of January, 1907, at the
American Museum of Natural History, West 79th St. and
Central Park West, New York City.

President William IT. Hornaday was in the chair.
The others present were: Herman C. Bumpus, Franklin
W. Hooper, Frederic A. Lucas, Edmund Seymour,

or

Austin Corbin, George S. Edgell, William Lyman Under-
wood, Frederic H. Kennard, Charles H. Stonebridge and
Ernest Harold Baynes.

The Secretary read a report, in which he reviewed the
work of the Society during the past year. He showed that
that work had been chiefly educational in its nature, con-
sisting largely in the publishing of many newspaper and
magazine articles in the: United States, Canada, and
England, and in giving numerous free lectures on the
subject. He also showed the result of his experimental
effort to raise money and secure members for the Society
in Worcester, Mass., by means of giving free lectures,
securing the support of the newspapers, giving an exhibi-
tion of buffalo heads, robes, and other relics, and particu-
larly by means of strong personal letters of introduction
to many of the leading people of the city. Fifty new
members for the Society and the raising of the sum of
$670 had been the immediate result of this effort.

The Secretary briefly mentioned his experiment in
rearing Buffalo calves by hand, and in breaking two
young males to the yoke and to harness; told how he had
exhibited this team on numerous occasions for the purpose
of creating interest in the Buffalo, and how on one occasion
he had driven one of the young Buffaloes to decisive
victory over a domestic steer in a half-mile race at an
agricultural fair.

The report also gave an account of the Secretary’s
experiments with buffalo wool, of which he showed
samples, together with yarn spun from the wool and
gloves knitted from the yarn. The report included letters
from woolen manufacturers expressing the opinion that
buffalo wool was very closely akin to sheep’s wool; that
it was stronger, grade for grade, than the average wool;
that for a long time it would demand a high price as a
novelty; and, that if it could be obtained in quantity, there
would be a good market for it for the manufacture of
articles not requiring to be dyed the lighter colors.

The Treasurer’s report showed that the total receipts
of the Society from dues and subscriptions, with interest
on same, amounted to $2,040; that the total expenditures
had been $707.53; and that, consequently, the balance in

6

the bank to the credit of the Society was $1,332.53. The
report showed that there were 9 Life Members, 125 Mem-
bers, and 102 Associate Members.

[In submitting his report, Mr. Seymour tendered his
resignation as Treasurer, regretting that he was obliged
to do so owing to pressure of other business and expected
absence from home during the coming year. In resigning,
Mr. Seymour suggested that Mr. Clark Williams, Vice-
President of the Columbia Trust Company, New York,
be elected to fill his place, and requested that a committee
be appointed to audit his accounts.

It was decided to have the Flathead and Crow Indian
Reservations examined with a view to having suitable
portions of them set apart as buffalo ranges. It was
further decided to take such steps as might be necessary
to establish herds of Buffalo in the Adirondack region,
and in I]linois, on public lands, and the Executive Com-
mittee was instructed to take steps looking to the establish-
ment of buffalo herds on the forest reserves in New
Hampshire and the southern Appalachian region.

The following were elected or re-elected to fill the
vacancies occurring on the Board of Managers: Herbert
Ee brdeman. Dr. Hi. C.-Bumpus, Madison Grant, Cy J;
ones; Pro David Starr, jordan. A. Bowen: Perry.C. E.
Stonebridge, Clark Williams, and William Lyman
Underwood.

MEETING OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS:

After the general meeting, the Board of Managers met
and elected the following officers :—

Honorary President, Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, Presi-
dent of the United States.

Honorary Vice-President, His Excellency Earl Grey,
Governor-General of Canada.

President, William: Fy Flornaday.

Vice-President. 4. A. Anderson and: Prof. Franklin
W. Hooper.

Secretary, Ernest Harold Baynes.

Treasurer, Clark Williams.

~

‘

SPECIAL, MEETING
OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS.

On February 7, 1907, a special meeting of the Board
of Managers was held at the office of Mr. Edmund Sey-
mour, 45 Wall Street, New York, for the purpose of
amending Article IV, Section I, of the Constitution, so
as to provide for a change in the number of Members of
the Board of Managers, from eighteen to twenty-seven.
This change was made and the following men were elected
to fill the nine vacancies created thereby :—

Prof. Calvin M. Woodward, LL.D., of Washington
University, St. Louis, Mo.; Harry W. Smith, of Wor-
cester, Mass.; Commander Robert E. Peary, of Washing-
ton; DiC Prot, Henry FF. Osborm- PhD. ior. the
American Museum of Natural History, New York City;
John M. Phillips, of Pittsburg, Pa.; Prof. David Starr
Jordan, of Leland Stanford University, California; Fred-
eric A. Lucas, Curator-in-Chief of the Museum of the
Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences; Dr. Charles B.
Davenport, Director of the Biological Station of the
Carnegie Institution, Cold Spring Harbor, L. I., and Mr.
John E. Thayer, of Boston, Mass.

SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF
THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY.

The second annual meeting of The American Bison
Society was held in the Board Room of The American
Museum of Natural History, 79th Street and Central
Park West, New York City, on Thursday morning, Janu-
ary 9th, 1908, at 10:30 o’clock.

President William ‘T. Hornaday was in the chair.
The others present were: Miss Amy Townsend, Prof.
Franklin W. Hooper, A. A. Anderson, Dr. Herman C.
Bumpus, Edmund Seymour, F. A. Lucas, Charles H.
Brinsmade, W. G. Langdon, Jr., H. L. Bridgman, Harry
V. Radford, C. H. Stonebridge, Joseph E. Buckley and
F.1D: Tansley, allot New York: 3H. A. Rdwards. or
Albany; William Lyman Underwood and Frederic H.
Kennard, of Boston, and Ernest Harold Baynes, of
Meriden, N. H.

8

The President, in his report, spoke of the work which
had been done by Prof. Morton J. Elrod for the purpose
of selecting and recommending a suitable Buffalo range
on the Flathead Indian Reservation, in Montana; of an
Adirondack Bison Bill; of the shipment of a nucleus herd
from New York Zoological Park to the Wichita Forest
and Game Preserve in Oklahoma, and of a census of the
Bison now existing—all of which matters are treated of
elsewhere in detail.

The Secretary read the following letter from President
Roosevelt :—

The White House
WASHINGTON, Oct. 24, 1907.
My Dear Mr. Baynes:

I feel real and great interest in the work being done
by the American Bison Society to preserve the Buffalo—
the biggest of the American big game, probably on the
whole the most distinctive game animal of this continent,
and certainly the animal which played the greatest part
in the lives of the Indians, and which most deeply imprest
the imagination of all the old hunters and early settlers.
It would be a real misfortune to permit the species to
become extinct, and I hope that all good citizens will aid
the Society in its efforts for its preservation.

Sincerely yours,
‘THEODORE ROOSEVELT.

Mr. Ernest Harold Baynes,
Secretary, The American Bison Society,
Meriden, N. H.

The report of the Treasurer, Mr. Clark Williams, was
read and ordered printed in full in the Annual Report of
the Society.

The report of the Executive Committee showed that
during February, March and April of 1907 the Secretary
spent several weeks in Boston, lecturing before prominent
societies and clubs, writing for the newspapers, and other-
wise interesting the people of the city in the fate of the
Buffalo. Many new memberships and subscriptions were
secured.

At the Sportsmen’s Show, held in Mechanics’ Build-
ing, Boston, April rst to 13th, under the auspices of the
New England Forest, Fish and Game Association, the
American Bison Society had a large and interesting exhi-
bition, which attracted more attention than any other in
the hall. The principal exhibits were six living Buffaloes,
two grand old bulls, two two-year-olds, and two calves
of the previous spring, all loaned by the Blue Mountain
Forest Association, of Newport, N. H., which also loaned
an interesting collection of buffalo robes, buffalo heads
and skulls and buffalo hoofs. Our President, Mr.
William ‘TY. Hornaday, contributed a most interesting and
unique collection of buffalo horns, all from wild Buffalo
shot on
spikes of a reatdnie to the peeling “stubs” of bulls twenty
years old or older. Mr. Hornaday also loaned the well-
mounted head of a young Buffalo bull.

With the exception of the living Buffaloes, perhaps
no exhibit attracted so much attention as a collection of
lithographs after George Catlin, illustrating the life of
the Buffalo in early times, especially in its relation to the
North American Indian. This collection, loaned by Dr.
Townsend W. Thorndike, of Boston, was surrounded by
visitors from the beginning to the close of the show. Dr.
Thorndike also loaned a number of old guns, powder
horns, etc., which had been used by Indians and which
had been repaired with buffalo hide.

A quantity of buffalo wool, with yarn spun from the
same material, and warm garments knitted from the varn,
was exhibited by the Secretary, who also loaned a collec-
tion of enlarged photographs of Buffaloes.

Among the other exhibits were a collection of buffalo
robes, loaned by Messrs. Ordway, Loring and Ricker, of
Boston; a lariat, twisted from the long coarse hair of the
buffalo’s head and fore legs, loaned by E. W. Deming,
the animal painter, and a splendid buffalo carriage robe,
contributed by W. D. Chandler, of Concord, N. EE

The exhibition, which was in charge of the Secretary,
was a success in every way. One of the immediate results
was an increased membership for the Society, about one
hundred new members of all classes being secured during

10

the two weeks of the show. ‘The financial result was a net
profit to the Society of $207.98. Incidentally, the exhi-
bition attracted the attention of thousands of people,
nearly all of whom were more or less interested in the
movement to preserve the Buffalo, and assisted in the dis-
tribution of circulars setting forth the Society’s purposes
and appealing to the American public to aid in the work
of preserving the Buffalo from extinction.

The Executive Committee was authorized to raise a
special fund with which to purchase Buffaloes or to pro-
cure Buffaloes by other means, if possible, to be placed on
any state or government lands, provided the maintenance
of the animals is assured by state or nation.

The following persons were elected to fill the nine
vacancies occurring on the Board of Managers: A. A.
Anderson, Prof. Franklin W. Hooper, Dr. William T.
omaday, jraedernc. I. * Kennard.) Eion, .Jamies’ °S.
Whipple. Gifford Pinchot, Edmund Seymour, Dr. T. S.
Palmer, and Ernest Harold Baynes.

SECOND ANNOAIG MEETING OF THE
BOARD OF MANAGERS.

After the general meeting, the Board of Managers
met and elected the following officers for 1908:—
Honorary President, Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, President
of the United States; Honorary Vice-President, His
Excellency Earl Grey, Governor-General of Canada;
President, William T. Hornaday; Vice-Presidents, A. A.
Anderson, Franklin W. Hooper; "Secretary, Ernest Har-
old Baynes; Treasurer, Clark Williams, care of Columbia
Trust Company, New York.

The following persons were elected members of the
Executive Committee: William T. Hornaday, Madison
Grant, Frederic H. Kennard, William Lyman Under-
wood, “Gittord Pinchot, Dr. IT. Ss*Palmer and Ernest
Harold Baynes.

It was decided to have the American Bison Society
incorporated.

It was also decided to hold a midsummer meeting of
the Society at Newport, N. H., where the members would
have an opportunity to inspect the Blue Mountain Forest

11

Buffalo herd, now one of the largest in the world.

The Secretary was authorized to visit the Buffalo
herds of the West, for the purpose of obtaining exact
information concerning them.

A committee was appointed to prepare a relief map of
North America, on which should be indicated the former
range of the Bison, and also the positions of the remaining
herds. ‘he map will be placed in the American Museum
of Natural History, at the suggestion of the Director.

The foregoing report, it is hoped, will give our mem-
bers an idea of what the Society is trying to do, and how
it is trying to do it. The officers are making an earnest
and determined effort to carry out the purposes for which
we organized, and they are more than ever confident of
ultimate success. “he Society itself is growing, and is in
a much stronger position than it was even six months ago.
Its membership has more than doubled in that time, and,
thanks largely to our friends, the newspapers and maga-
zines, it is much better known. Much of the preliminary
work has already been done, and we have reached the
point where actual results are being accomplished. With
the persistent hard work which the officers are willing to
do, there is no longer any doubt of our ability to accom-
plish our final purposes,—viz., “the permanent preser-
vation and increase of the American Bison”; but it is
most important that we stand together and keep this end
in view. There is enough money in the treasury to carry
on the work of the Society for a short time, but much more
is needed for many purposes. It is hoped that ere long
some of our wealthy countrymen will recognize the im-
portance of the work the American Bison Society is trying
to accomplish, and by generous contributions hasten the
day when our national animal will be out of danger of
extinction. In the meantime every effort should be made
to increase the membership of the Society; the stronger we
become, the better able we shall be to accomplish our
purpose. We shall, therefore, ask each member to secure
from among his friends, if possible within a month after
receiving this report, at least one new member. If each

12

one will carry out his own small part of this plan, the
Society can at once double its activity, for the doubling
of our membership means the doubling of our income.
Circulars and membership blanks may be obtained by
applying to the Secretary.

TREASURER’S° REPORT,
AMERICAN, BISON SOCIETY.

JANUARY 10TH TO DECEMBER 31ST, 1907.

Balance, January roth, 1907-",.. 1) $1,332:23
RECEIPTS.
Dues, Subscriptions and Donations. $2,890.10
MIMEKESE SA eee au. yt! ode ea tee 24.22
—————— 2,924.32
ROUaLS ere AN Sea ey eee $4,256.55
DISBURSEMENTS
OS EACH Anew out tnd eeyne), eee UN AN $709.55
Exchanger one mecksuts. 5 2) se ate 4.21
Petiy.@ashu( i. Baynes ssce ye. 34.1.4.7
Dalany We Tde Baynes, Secretary... ... 272.74.
Pimntine- and Stationery...) uu. 856.75
aavelltiniosixmense ¢9) eves ia. 56.91
Miscellaneous:
Eugene M. Fisher, drawing bison 20.00
Caleb P. Buckman, burlap, labor. Ions
Social Register Association, all
ISSUES: SONG, VERE (08. eines 25.00
Charlesslocue stock. 0 i... ne oen 5.00
New England Forest, Fish and
Game HASsociationy, sacle Rails)
Solatia M. Taylor, 5 frames..... Ts
Prof. Morton J. Elrod, account
EXPENSES amd Senvicesie 05. aA- 150.00
New England Show Case Com-
Pallyew REM tuOnaCases ets .eh haa 6.00
Ek. H. Baynes, checks remitted in
=) aC) eR teat Cane Bagh SSRRILY 1a 25.00
————— 2,503.63
DAAC Soc: a roiltes cates Geena Nh oe Geen OS Py re 7.52.02

CLARK WILLIAMS, Treasurer.

14

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TOWNSHIP 1/8 NORTH,

RANGE 2/ WES,

2. MAP OF PROPOSED NATIONAL BISON R.
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AMAT ROM YMG LON? AVATAR OR ABE

> stan PRN

Tobe eee AD BUPFALO RANGE.

A REPORT TO THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY OF AN INSPEC-
TION OF THE FLATHEAD INDIAN RESERVATION, MON-
TANA, FOR THE PURPOSE OF SELECTING A SUITABLE
LOCATION FOR A NATIONAL BUFFALO RANGE.

By MorTon J. ELROD, PH.D.,

Professor of Biology, University of Montana, Missoula.
Director of the University Biological Station.

Acting on instructions from the President of The
American Bison Society, I examined several places in the
Flathead Indian Reservation, Montana, for the purpose
of selecting a suitable location for a range in which to
confine and perpetually maintain and propagate a herd of
American Bison, or, as it is popularly known here, the
Buffalo.

Having travelled over the reservation every summer
forthe past ten years | had some definite ideas of the
portions of the reserve that would be most suitable for
such a range. To my mind there were four available
localities, but just which one was ideal could be deter-
mined only by close observation, covering all the points
involved in preparing the range so as to make it suitable
for permanent use.

The chief items of importance in making the selection
were outlined as follows, although not necessarily in order
as here given:

1. ACCESSIBILITY.—To be of the greatest use, the
range should be reasonably near to the railroad. The
reasons for this are quite obvious. To ship animals in and
out will be necessary from time to time. ‘There may be
need for transportation of forage. Fencing material must
be procured, and long hauls by wagon are expensive.
Lastly, the public will want to visit the animals and see
them on the range, and will desire to reach them easily
from the railway.

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TI €LV1d

2. THE RANGE.—This must be suitable to afford
ample grazing grounds for the herd, both summer and
winter, with plenty of water. There must be ample
natural protection from winter storms and blizzards.
Naturally, the public will not desire to see choice farm or
fruit lands set apart as a buffalo range; hence non-irrigable
land must be selected.

3. FENCING.—The range must be fenced; for other-
wise the animals will become scattered, and poachers
will molest them. To fence such a range as is desirable
and necessary, is no small item; hence the desirability of
a location whereon digging will not be too difficult, and
where posts may be secured and delivered with a mini-
mum of expense.

4. CARE-TAKING.—The range must be looked after,
and the animals must be cared for. ‘The care-taker will
need certain material and provisions, and should have
communication with the world at large.

ROURVEOCALI PIES CONSIDERED.

The four localities examined with a view to selection
are as follows, and may easily be located on the accom-
panying maps.

1. WILD HorsE ISLAND.—This island is in the west-
emmranm or. Flathead’ Wake: It is so miles from the
Northern Pacific Railroad, and nearly as far from the
Great Northern. The island is completely isolated, but
the contiguity of Cromwell Island, on the west, would
make it possible for animals to swim from Wild Horse

to Cromwell; and the latter is really a part of the main-
land.

The island contains 2,164 acres, and rises to a height
Of abouten 2008 tect above the lake, On the north it is
rather densely wooded with yellow pine and red fir, with
a sprinkling of cottonwood. On the southern side, the
island is almost bare of timber, except the fringe around
the lake. A portion of the lake shore is well adapted to
fruit raising. There is no water, except that in the lake
itself.

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The island is too far from transportation lines, and
too difficult of access by the public. Were this otherwise,
it might possibly be made a suitable location.

2. THE LITTLE BITTER-ROOT COUNTRY.—This is a
beautiful country, admirably suited for a range, but
is too remote, too difficult of access, and would require
greater expenditure for fencing than would be permis-
sible he roads to and-itom that section are hilly,
not much travelled, and visitors to a herd located there
would for a long time be very few. The Little Bitter-
Root River, which is but a creek, flows through the valley
which was formerly made by the outlet of Flathead Lake
when the outlet was through the western arm of the lake.
Through this valley access is easy, but it is from 60 to 90
miles distant from Kalispell, on the Great Northern Rail-
road. From the Northern Pacific, at Plains, the distance
is less than half of that given, but the road is difficult to
travel over in its present state.

3. THE HILLS EAST OF THE PEND D’OREILLE RIVER.*
—It is here that the Pablo-Allard Buffaloes have ranged
a great deal of the time. ‘True, they have crossed the
river often, and ranged westward toward the Little Bitter-
Roots, but on several different occasions I have visited
them in the very region now under consideration.

The general contour of the country is as follows: East
of the river there is a valley several miles wide, and quite
level; eastward of this valley is a range of low hills and
buttes, extending north and south; east of these is a high
and level bench, gradually dropping lower to form the
Mission valley; on the eastern side of that valley the
majestic Mission Mountains rise abruptly from the plain,
the peaks having an elevation of from 7,000 to 10,000 feet
above the sea, and 4,000 to 7,000 feet above the valley.

This location is fine, the conditions are favorable, with
the possible exception of water supply; but the region is
rather remote, and difficult of access. The new railroad
from Kalispell to Dixon, connecting the Great Northern
with the Northern Pacific, will go close to this range, and

*Inasmuch as on most maps this river is called the Flathead, we have
found it desirable to adopt the name in most general use.—Ep.

19

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‘SNIVINQNOW NOISSIW FHL

“AT ULV Id

THE FLATHEAD INDIAN RESERVATION AND ADJACENT TERRITORY.

possibly will cut it; but the locality to be next mentioned
has many more points in its favor.

THE RANGE RECOMMENDED.

4. THE RAVALLI HILLS AND MEADOWS.—This is
the range I have selected and recommend as offer-
ing all the advantages. The section is in the form of a
rectangle, with the Jocko River as the southern boundary,
Mission Creek on the north and on the west is the “Big
River. the Mend d Oreille Valsoucalled lathead lene
eastern boundary is the ravine through which runs the
main road from Ravalli to the Flathead Lake. ‘This
draw rises to a high summit which forms the crest of the
divide between the Jocko River and Mission Valley, the
elevation being 3,104 feet. On the opposite, or northern
side a ravine drops down to Mission Creek. This is
approximately the boundary.

The range proposed contains five Indian allotments,
with a total of 800 acres, as shown in the map herewith.
The selection in Section II, Town. 18, Range 21, includes
the springs which form the little stream called Chim-
taupeh; the selection in Section I, Town. 18, Range 21,
includes a small stream with a few inches, flowing north-
west, but disappearing before Mission Creek is reached;
the selections in Section 7, Town. 18, Range 20, include a
perennial spring with a small flow, but whose water soon
sinks into the ground. All these springs are perpetual.
There are fine springs in Sections 13 and 14, Town. 18,
Range 21, which are also perpetual, and which furnish
water for a stream sufficiently large to water many
animals.

These five Indian selections should be eliminated
either by purchase or by lien selections. In case both these
courses prove to be impossible, they may be fenced out
of the range. If they are eliminated the range will then
have approximately 27 sections, as follows:

Beginning with the southeastern corner of Section 30,
Town. 18, Range 20, run thence diagonally to the centre
of 29; north on 29 to the boundary of 20; east to line
between 20 and 21; north three miles to corner of Sections

99
we

4, 5,8 and 9; diagonally across 5 to township line at north-
east corner of 5; north across Mission Creek, along this
creek at suitable distance through Section 31, Town. 19,
Range 20; in ‘Town. 19, Range 21, through sections 36,
35, 27, 28; south through 30 to township line; in Town.
18, Range 21 south through the center of sections 4, 9,
16, and to center of section 21 ; east a half; south a quarter;
east a half, and south across the Jocko River, to the
Northern Pacific right of way; following the right of
way and river through Sections 27 and 26; crossing back
nonmiyot the tivyer; through 25 and 30 to pot’ of
beginning. On the map submitted herewith this line is
clearly indicated as the boundary of the range proposed.

In case it is impossible to eliminate the five allotments,
the line may run as before to the corner of Sections 8, 9,
16 and 17 in Town. 19, Range 20; thence west one and
one-half miles; north to center of 7; west two miles to the
center of 11 in Town. 18, Range 21; thence north a mile
to center of 2, and west to line as before marked; or north
across Mission Creek to line of boundary as outlined. The
line of this alternative boundary is also shown.

This alternative proposition will give a little more
than 17 sections if taken with the boundary first given, or
almost 5 sections more as given last.

In finally fixing the area and boundaries of a bison
range in the region proposed, there are three possibilities:

(1) If the five Indian allotments are removed, a range
of 27 sections; (2) cutting out the allotments, a range of
17 sections; and (3), a range of 22 sections, but with more
fencing than should be the case.

In proposition No. 1 the range would include over four
miles of Mission Creek, one and one-half miles of the
Jocko River, and four springs or clusters of springs in
gulches. In No. 2 there would be the Jocko River, one
cluster of springs, and the stream from another. In No.
3 there would be over three miles of Mission Creek,
besides the one and one-half miles of Jocko River.

For No. 1 there would be required 20% miles of fence,
in No. 2 about 18 miles, and in No. 3 about the same as
in No. 1. In fencing No. 1 there will be no hills to cross

23

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UI udas SI pLoTIeEY IyIoVgG UsIYWION IY Jey petoquiyy oy} Ysnoryy “jJoT OF JYSII wWory SMOG AIATY oypof ou.

‘AONVA AHL AO NOILWOd NAYHLINOS AHL

‘A ULVIEd

in the work; in No. 2 there is a high hill to cross; in No.
3 1t will be necessary to cross two hills.

By all means No. 1 is first choice. This would give
ample grazing ranges for a large herd, with an abundance
of water, and plenty of shelter from the storms of winter.
The range should accommodate from 1,500 to 2,000 Buf-
faloes, including, as it will, about 18,000 acres. It will
make an excellent range for antelope, deer and elk; and
even mountain sheep should do well upon it.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.

I will now give a description of the range, assuming
that the entire range indicated as No. 1 is finally chosen
byjthe. Bison Society, Ifeither of the other ranges are
taken, a portion of this description in inapplicable.

It is said on good authority that this is the range which
Mr. Pablo wanted on which to keep his herd of Buffalo.
Colonel Rankin, the government allotting agent of the
reservation, 1s emphatic in his opinion that it is the place
of all places on the reservation for the proposed national
buffalo herd. Joseph Allard, the son of Charles Allard,
originally part owner of the Allard-Pablo herd, believes
that this range is ideal. Duncan McDonald, one of the
most intelligent men on the reservation, and who rode over
the range with me during my study of it, says that no better
place could be selected. Every one who knows the coun-
try, and whose opinion has been asked, says the same thing.

Tourists or visitors may step off the train at Ravalh,
and in five minutes be in the range. They may look into
the range for nine miles as they ride from Ravalli to
Jocko! Animals may be shipped in and out with very
little effort.

The range is strictly non-agricultural, but the greater
portion of it affords excellent grazing. By non-agricul-
tural is meant that it cannot be irrigated, owing to the fact
that it is high above water, and irregular. For dry-farm-
ing, the hills are too steep. The highest point is on the
quarter section between sections 13 and 24, elevation by
aneroid 4,800 feet. The quarter section stone is on the
narrow summit. This is about 2,000 feet above the rail-
road, and a little over two miles from Ravalli. From this

25

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‘ADNVAU GASOdOUd AHL AO LNOWL NAAHLOOS

pn gy toe
S Neier eminent
‘ ah

TA ALVId

high hill, or low mountain, the range slopes in every direc-
tion. On the south it drops to the Jocko River, on the
west tO,the ilathead, ‘or Pend d’Oreille River, on the
north to Mission Creek, and on the east to the Mission
Valley. The highest mountain is called Quilseeh, which
in the Flathead laneuage means “red sleep.”

From Quilseeh Mountain, several ridges extend.
These are excellently shown in Plate II], which was taken
from the morainal hills to the eastward, or toward the
Mission Mountains. he view is south-westward. In
the middle of the picture is a depression, with a slope from
left to right. In this depression lies the eastern boundary
of the range, extending from left to right (south to north),
about the middle of the picture. The highest point is
Quilseeh, and the one to the left is Wheewheetlchaye.*
Long Ridge slopes down to the right. The photograph
shows the character of the range on the north and east.
The range is hilly, but not precipitous, and is just such
ground as the Pablo herd travels over daily. In the draws
and ravines the grazing is fine. The selections of Alex-
ander and Eneas are between the ridge on the sky line and
the one immediately below it on the extreme right. The
timber is scarce and the largest trees perhaps 150 to 200
years old. ‘They are the yellow pine (Pinus ponderosa)
and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga taxifolia), with spreading
limbs and branches. ‘The water courses shown are dry
in summer.

By turning the back to the picture shown in Plate III
and travelling a few miles eastward the picture shown in
Plate IV was taken. This is only a portion of the beautiful
Mission Mountains, which stand out so grandly, and are
especially imposing from the summit of Quilseeh or
Wheewheetlchaye.

Quilseeh drops off to the south over a ridge called
Inskaltesshin, referring to a mass of rocks, shale, etc., on
the southern face, which to the Indian mind resembles a
dragon stretched out on the face of the mountain. This is
shown in Plate V. This is the steepest part of the range,
and contains the timber. Plate VI shows the portion

*For convenience, this difficult Indian name will be changed to Red Man’s
Ridge.—Ep.

cw)
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‘HONVA NOSIA GASOdOUd AHL AO LNOWA NYAHLNOS

TIA. Ghia

farther east, up the river. Plate VII is from the same
point as Plate VI, but with a wide-angle lens. It shows
the Jocko Valley. Ravalli is almost on the edge of the
picture, on the right, in the centre, where a depression
separates the hills on the right from those on the left.
This depression is the eastern boundary of the range. The
Mission Mountains are visible in the hazy distance.

Standing on the same spot from which the pictures in
Plates V, VI and VII were taken, and looking down the
river, northwestward, the southwestern corner of the
range may be seen. This view shows the Jocko Valley to
its junction with the Flathead River, which comes in from
the right (north), in the distance. The Flathead or Pend
d’Oreille Valley and river extend in the distance to the
left. The line of the bison range is along the slope above
the Jocko River, and the fence should cross the river into
the valley, within the limits of the picture.

The only good view of the northern side of the range
is shown in Plate II. Indeed, this picture, taken from
an elevation of nearly 8,000 feet in the Mission Moun-
tains, gives a bird’s-eye view of the entire range except on
the south. It is thus seen to be an open range of low hills,
almost bare of timber on the visible slopes. ‘The range is
distant from the point of view about ten or twelve miles.

Clive AG R. OF HE, SOLL,

Along Mission Creek and on the long slope bordering
the Flathead River, there is considerable alkali. In such
places the ground is quite bare of vegetation. On the
steeper slopes the grazing is scanty. In the ravines, on
the protected slopes, and in the wide heads of gulches, the
vegetation is luxuriant. Last June the grass was waist
high in the moist ravines, and knee high on the slopes.
On the south, in the timber, there is considerable slide-
rock, but this is a minor item. ‘The broader slopes and
wider ravines have rich, pebbly loam. ‘The summits and
ridges are outcrops of rock, with scanty vegetation.

THE VEGETATION.

In the spring the range is almost a fairyland of flowers.
These continue until late in July. The broad-leaved Bal-

29

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‘UoT}Ia}01d BuIMOYs ‘YaaI19 UrTYyssazeysuyT JO pesyT ‘akeyorJooyMoay AA Worf “Yaas[in()
WONVA AHL AO LINWOAS AHL NO

TMA a@LVId

samorrhiza, with its yellow flowers, grows over most of
the range. Wherever this plant grows the soil is rich.
Bunch-grass grows in abundance. In the valleys, blue
grass (Poa) and other nutritious grasses grow rankly. On
the summit of Quilseeh, in June, within a few paces of
each other, 21 species of plants were found growing. In
the valleys and gulches, lupines almost shoulder high
were visible everywhere. Wild geranium and Phacelia
indicated, by their growth, plenty of moisture. Many
species of water plants grew around the springs, and along
the creek beds. In places the vegetation is rank, in other
places moderate; in still others it is poor or absent.

TIMBER.

As has been previously stated, only a small portion of
the range is covered with timber. ‘This is confined to the
southern slopes, and to the draws. ‘The coniferous trees
are yellow pine (Pinus ponderosa) and Douglas fir
(Pseudotsuga taxifolia). ‘Yhere is no thick timber. The
trees are scattered, well branched and afford good shade.
Reforestation, or, more correctly speaking, the beginning
of foresting, is taking place in several localities.

In several of the gulches there are dense clusters of
willows and alders. On the hillsides are a few scattered
rock maples. A scanty growth of timber is found along
Mission Creek, although a narrow belt has a few large
trees. Along the Jocko the growth is dense, with both
pine and fir, ‘and a thick stand of cottonwood, alder, birch
and willow. As most of the timber grows on the hillsides,
it is on that account difficult of access. Save a few scat-
tering trees it is not commercially valuable. The fir trees
will supply a large number of posts for fencing.

SPRINGS AND STREAMS.

The Jocko River is the largest stream touching the
range. It rises in the Mission Mountains, to the southeast,
always has a strong flow of pure, clear water, and will
always afford a supply for the herd. When the reser-
vation is thrown open to settlement much of the present
flow wil! no doubt be consumed in irrigation, but the

31

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‘SSO1S BG UM poyteUl SP TW[eARy ‘asueyY uosrg pasodosid ay} Jo yrwuns’ ayy WOIF ‘T[T[BARY

“RATIVA OMOOL AHL AO MAIA

pleMO} “Ysvayjnos SUIYOO'T

“XI ALVId

river will always have water. The flow of the river June
30, 1900, was 660 second feet.

Mission Creek, on the northern boundary, rises in the
Mission Mountains a few miles to the eastward. Per-
petual snows form its source. It rises in the great amphi-
theatre shown in part in Plate IV, flowing down the
canyon in the middle of the picture. Its fow on June 30,
1900, was 412 second feet. Its waters are clear and cold,
and as pure as a mountain stream can be. Later on, much
of its water will no doubt be used for irrigation, but the
stream will not go dry. Its waters may be held back in
spring, by reservoirs at its source. In one branch of the
creek neat tne snow-banks. 1s a lake a -mile and a half
long, nearly a half mile wide, and 250 feet deep. Its
outlet is dammed by a glacial moraine, so that it is easy
to increase the volume of water in the lake.

But, even if these two streams should be entirely used
up in irrigation—-which 1s out of reason—there are springs
on the range which will supply an abundance of clear,
pure and cold water. On the northern slope the seepage
from the mountain 1s considerable. It breaks out in
springs, which by digging could be easily made into large
springs or wells. Chimtaupeh Creek and Inskaltesshin
Creeks both head in a number of springs, which are said
by residents never to fail. The waters from these springs
disappear before reaching the valley, but flow in a regular
stream for a mile or more after coming out of the ground.
In all but late summer there are numerous water courses
which head in small springs, but which later on dry up.

PROTECTION.—The prevailing winds of summer blow
from the south or southwest. A breeze is quite surely
to be felt on the summits of the range during the hot days
of summer. ‘The springs, the trees, the creeks, will give
chance for cooling the animals in summer. There is more
need for winter protection. No matter which way the
storms may come, there will always be protection from
the sting of the wind and snow. If it comes from the
north, a Bison herd would have but to move over to the
gulches on the south side; if from the east, the head of
Chimtaupeh is a safe retreat; and no matter how fierce
the winds, the animals may escape. The thickets along

33

‘oanqord ay} FO SHUT] OY} UIYYM AIATI dy} Sso1d pynoM adUey aSuvI pasodosd ayy, ‘}YSII 9Y} UO ST UTeJUNOT MeIa¢G

‘GVAHLVIA AHL AO LVHL HLIM

IOILONNL SLI GNV AATIVA UTAIN OMOOL AHL

X FLVId

the water courses will of themselves alone be safe protec-
tion, and the slopes of the hills will enable wild animals
to find places free from storm blasts, no matter how fierce
they may be.

The range will always have bare surfaces, except in
cases of sleet, which may glaze the surtace with ice, or
with frozen rain or new snow. Rarely is the range so
coated that grass 1s not to be had by range stock. In this
one gulch and its tributaries, wild animals may escape
cold winds from any quarter. Perennial springs are found
Inthe ravine shownm Plate Vill. Phere are thickets,
to the left, out of sight; timber over the ridge to the left,
and ridges for grazing all around.

Plate IX also shows the same thing. This is a view
from Wheewheetlchaye, looking toward Ravalli, and
showing the Jocko River and valley. ‘The water course
is usually dry. Animals on this side would find protection
from winds from any point of the compass. ‘This view
shows the Jocko Valley for many miles up, toward the
southeast. By looking at Plate X after viewing Plate IX
a good idea of the Jocko Valley may be had. The road in
Plate IX marks the limits of the proposed range.

he: jliocko River at Ravalli, as seen in Plate IX, is
better shown in Plate XI, taken at the railroad bridge
at Ravalli.

FENCING.—The fencing of the range will require
posts for the greater portion of the distance. Along the
southern side trees may be used for a portion of the
distance. Cedar posts are to be had by rail from Idaho,
at Sand Point, or they may no doubt be secured from the
Mission Mountains. Arbor-vite forests are found at the
head of all the Mission Mountain canyons. Fir posts may
be secured without difficulty, close to the range. There
is a good road entirely around the range except on the
south, and teams can drive from the roads on the west and
east over most of the distance. Where the lines cross the
hillsides, as will be the case sometimes, posts and fence
will have to be dragged up. For the greater portion of
the boundary, fencing material may be unloaded from the
wagon where it is to be used. No doubt the Indians and
white men in the vicinity will contract to furnish posts and

35

‘asue1 posodoid oy} Siojud JI o1oyM

TITIVAVY LV ‘AAAIN ONDOL AHL

xX ALVad

put up fence at a very reasonable rate. Wherever possible
the work should be given to the local people, as their co-
operation and support will be a valuable factor in pre-
paring the range.

CARETAKING.—In a range the size of the one here
contemplated, and with animals as large in numbers as
this herd will be in a short time, a home for a caretaker
will be necessary. On the range as outlined there are two
small Indian cabins, both inside of the range, and both
several miles from the railroad. It will be necessary either
to purchase a ranch with buildings, or make a new home.
This matter may be taken up after the range is established,
but plans should be made beforehand. ‘There are several
places wihhere-a home can be made, but, of course, there
will be expenses connected with it.

Duncan McDonald’s ranch is shown in Plates XII
and XIII. Plate XII is a view from Ravalli, looking
down the Jocko River. On the right is seen the southern
limits of the range; in the valley is McDonald’s hay ranch
and orchard. ‘The white house belongs to the ranch, as
do also the cabins. ‘The ranch joins the range on the north.

A range the size of the one proposed will need atten-
tion. ‘There will be fences to look after, which will mean
regular inspection. Springs will need to be walled up
and looked after. “The animals themselves will need look-
ing after. Owing to the fact that the range is high above
the streams and dependent upon rainfall for growth of
vegetation, and that the native grasses on the hills do not
grow a thick mat as do cultivated grasses, a larger acreage
is needed than in humid climates.

A range may now be secured of sufficient size to main-
tain animals in such numbers as will be desired in coming
years.. If cared for properly, a herd of several hundred
Buffalo may soon be bred. The land will never be fit for
anything but grazing. If at first there are not enough
Bison to make use of all the range, cattle or horses may be
ranged at a rental, which will assist in keeping the range
in condition. A good caretaker can look after all of this
work. If the land is not put into a buffalo range, it will
be used only for horse or cattle pastures.

or
ol

“yy poyreur oovjd wo1Z MOIA B ST TITX eld
‘98uvI oy} JO SHUWIT UsoyNOs 94} UO o1e 4FYysII oy} UO SITY OL

YMAAIN AHL NMOG DNIMOOT AYTIVA OMDOL AHL GNV ITIVAVa

TIX ALV Id

ENEMIES TO BUFFALO OR OTHER WILD ANIMALS.—
Coyotes are not infrequent. Last May, while the
Buffalo were being shipped from the reservation to
Canada, I perched on some rocks at what is the corner
of the range, with camera placed ready to photograph
the herd as it was driven down the hill along the road.
Not knowing when the herd would come, I waited several
hours on this rocky eminence. While waiting, all un-
known to me, a coyote came up to within a few feet,
peering over the brow of the ridge at me, and leisurely
trotted off. I was unaware of his presence until advised
by those who were watching his performances. Almost
any evening they may be heard in the hills about Ravalli.
While coyotes are not uncommon, I have heard little or
no complaint about wolves in this locality. ‘The puma is
to be found throughout the wooded portion of Montana,
but it is not giving trouble in this section. ‘There are
occasional rattlesnakes reported, but during the several
days that I walked and rode over the range I did not see
any. Itissafe to say the enemies would be no more numer-
ous here than in other localities, and I believe they would
be fewer than in the eastern ranges. They will no doubt
become still scarcer as the country settles up. The Pablo
herd, in their range on this reservation, has increased
rapidly.

SENTIMENT OF THE PEOPLE.—Duncan McDonald
rode with me over the proposed range, and talked freely.
I told him exactly what was proposed. He was bitterly
disappointed that the Government of the United States
had permitted the Pablo Buffalo herd to go to Canada.

‘What is the use of hunting for a buffalo range if the
Buffalo are all gone?” was his laconic query, as he turned
fiercely toward me while bemoaning the loss of the herd.

“Duncan, the Buffalo of America are not all dead yet,
NoOware the men whorare trying to save them, ’ | replred.:

Then I told him of the animals yet living, of which he
had read something, and of the plans of the American
Bison Society, the men back of the effort to save the noble
animal, and the great value to the community if such a
herd were located in its midst.

39

*SSOIO B YIM poryteUul aor d WOTF MorA ev st [IX 97e[d “TT[BARY 1e pleuoqgoyjy Ueouncy JO YoueT a4} fo j1ed pue ssnoy ‘pte yotgd

TTIVAVA LY AYTIVA OMDOL FHL

TIIX YLVWI1d

“If we can get the range, the animals will be put on
ite elestated:

“Do you think so?”

clean sure Of it.”

“Professor Elrod, I hope they will do it. We all hope
so.) Uhe Indians are yery sorry to see the Buffalo go.
They all love them. ‘They all think the Government
should keep them. ‘They don’t want to kill them. They
love to see them roam over the hills and plains. Every
Indian will be glad if the Government can and will save
them, and keep them where they can be seen. And if
there is anything in this world I can do to help, I want
to do it.”

All the intelligent men whom I have talked with on
the reservation express the same opinion. Enterprising
.people in Missoula with whom the matter has been dis-
cussed are hopeful of the outcome, and greatly desire that
the undertaking will be worked out successfully. ‘The
press has in a number of cases spoken highly of the pro-
posed plan. Few have knowledge of the proposed range,
and when its boundaries and the character of the land
are understood the plan will meet with universal favor.
I have previously mentioned the efforts of Joe Allard to
interest Congress in the herd. Col. Rankin, allotting
agent, 1s full of enthusiasm over the plan. There will not
be a dissenting man, unless perhaps it may be some one
who wants a portion of the range for himself.

CLIMATE.—The climate on the western slope of the
Rockies is agreeably surprising to all those who stay
in the country for any length of time. The absence of
the great humidity of the Eastern and Central States
relieves one of the disagreeable oppressiveness in summer,
and the severity of cold in winter. The extremes are not
great. he thermometer does not often fall below zero,
and: then for a. short time.only.'-The coldest weather
recorded by the Weather Bureau in a record of over
twenty years was 27 degrees below zero, during the winter
of 1904-05. ‘The mercury does not frequently fall below
1s degrees Fahrenheit. There have been winters when
the thermometer did not fall below zero. The mean tem-

41

‘epeury 0} JUoUIdIYS 10F ‘peor ay} Suope [If 94} UMOP UdATIp Buloq st ploy O[qed-plel[y
ay} jo uornsod Wo ‘}yoyT oy} UO ST YOIYM ‘aBuet oY} FO JUN] Uta}sva oY} St ouUTARI Sit],

ADNVY GusSOdOUd AHL AO ACIS NAYLSVaA

"poral ff *W Aq ‘Zo6r ‘yys1Adon

“AIX ALVI1d

perature, summer and winter, as recorded by the Weather
Bureau for 20 years, is 46 degrees Fahrenheit.

In summer the days get warm, even hot. Rarely does
the temperature reach roo in the shade. In the shade one
almost always feels cool. It is always cool at night. The
perpetual snow in the mountains tempers the air, as does
the water on the sea coast. In the evening the cool air
from the snowy peaks rells down the mountain sides and
out across the valleys.

The climate of a region is dependent upon two im-
portant factors, warmth and moisture. On the Flathead
Reservation the fall rains come in late September or
October. During the winter the snow piles in the ravines
in the high mountains for summer use. ‘The spring months
are delightful. Warm weather comes as early as March,
when spring flowers appear. At Missoula, buttercups are
usually gathered in February. Butterflies have been taken
as early as the middle of February. April and May are
delightful months, the latter usually of sunshine. June
brings refreshing rains, lasting until after the celebration
of our country’s independence. July is likely to be with-
out much rainfall, and the first of September is likely to
bring showers. In July, August and September there are
weeks of sunshine and glorious weather. ‘The rainfall of
the year averages 16 inches, varying from 15 to 20 inches.

There are no cyclones. From the configuration of the
surface of the land, these are impossible. There are few
fierce wind storms, such as are experienced on the great
plains.

Chinook winds occur in this section. ‘These warm
winds lick up the snow from the valleys and lower hills,
and deposit the moisture on the higher summits. On
account of these winds snow does not lie long in the
valleys.. There are usually several of these warm winds
every winter. At the time of this writing a strong chinook
is blowing at Missoula, and the few inches of snow disap-
pears fast. Often snow many inches deep may be evapor-
ated in a few hours.

MINES, CLAIMS, ETc.—There are no mining or other
claims, other than the allotments before mentioned,
on the range. There are no prospect holes. There need

45

be no litigation whatever after the settlement of the allot-
ment claims. The roads are such as are on any open
country, where it is easiest to travel. It-will not be neces-
sary to have roads through the range. They could hardly
be run except around the border, on account of the hills
and ridges.

THE PABLO HERD.—This herd was started in 1884,
with 36 animals brought together. In 1907 it numbered
almost 600. Few people will believe there was such
a number, but they were on the reservation, without doubt.
The annual increment for several years has been between
60 and 100. ‘There have been many sales, perhaps some
losses by wild animals, and still the herd has increased

rapidly.

This herd was sold recently to representatives of the
Canadian Government. The understanding was that the
entire herd was to be taken except 15 or 20, which Pablo
reserved. ‘The price was $250.00 each, large and small,
old and young, male and female, delivered at Strathcona,
but the. Canadians paid the freight. Pablo suffered the
loss in loading and in transportation, paid the expenses of
bringing them in from the range, of loading, and of stalls,
rope and other material.

Two train loads, containing approximately 200
animals each, or about 400, were shipped, one in late
spring, the Giner | in late fall. Nearly $100,000 have thus
been paid by the Canadians for American animals. The
expense to Pablo has been great. They were hard to bring
in from the range, and weeks were required to bring
together a few bands.

Approximately 200 Buffalo are yet on the range, which
it was impossible to bring to the shipping point. No doubt
many of these are old ones, and least desirable in starting
a herd, but with this number there is still a chance for
saving a portion of this herd for America.

Pablo cannot be blamed for the sale. ‘The reservation
is soon to be thrown open, his range will be gone, and so
large a herd cannot be maintained without a large and free
range. he herd cost him money in the beginning, money
for maintenance, and he must dispose of it to any buyer.
It is said on excellent authority he would prefer to have

44

‘NOILLVANASAM GVAHLVIA “AONVY AHL NO ‘GUAH OTAVd AHL AO NOILNOd V

“AX ALWI1d

them kept in America, but saw no opportunity to sell to
the Government, and they could not be sold to private
parties.

The Pablo herd should not have been permitted to
leave the country. ‘The range outlined in this report will
hold a herd twice the size of the original Pablo herd of
600, and still have food for as many more animals of other
species. ‘Che cost of the range will not be as great as the
loss to the nation of the herd that has been sold. If the
money that should have been put into the herd is now in
part put into this range, and in part into animals, in a few
years the increment will be such as to make a herd of
which the nation may be proud.

OTHERVANIMATS HAT MAY BE PUE INTO
THE RANGE.

ELK.—Several men in the Flathead Valley, 60 or 70
miles north of the present range, have elk parks in the
valley country, where many of these noble animals are
raised. One man has more than 50, some with very fine
heads of horns. ‘The present range 1s admirably adapted
to elk. The timber on the hills and along the streams is
suited to their habits, and the range outside of the tim-
bered section will give them miles of running country. A
start may be had from animals in the country.

ANTELOPE.—The range is admirably suited to the
prong-horned antelope, which is fast disappearing, and
needs greater protection. In a few places in Montana
there are still herds to be found, but a range like the one
proposed will give the natural conditions for a home.

DEER.—Western Montana has both white-tailed and
black-tailed. (mule) deer in numbers. ‘The Indians have
had free range in killing on the reservation, and here they
are scarce. It is quite likely that licks could be established
on the range before fencing, and animals thus enticed into
the limits of the range before it is fenced.

A drive might bring in both species of deer. The
Columbian black-tail would also thrive here, without
doubt. By planning ahead, animals could in all proba-
bility be secured from the wild animals of the vicinity.

46

There is considerable undergrowth in the timber, and
along the rock ridges there is quite a little growth of bushy
plants, enough to supply food of this kind for a fair
sized herd.

RocKY MOUNTAIN SHEEP.—These animals formerly
roamed over this entire section, and several bands are in
the adjacent mountain ranges. ‘They should do well on
this range, as it has open summits, rock cliffs, timbered
ridges and open slopes.

Rocky MOUNTAIN GOAT.—While there are no sum-
mer snow banks in the range, there are cool springs and
ravines. ‘he goat should be able to hold its own, even if
it does not thrive as well as the other animals mentioned.

BLUE GROUSE.—Several of these birds were flushed
while walking through the timber. There is an abund-
ance of food for summer, and excellent nesting cover.

RUFFED GROUSE.—No ruffed grouse were seen on
my visits, but along the Jocko and Mission Creeks they
are found, without doubt, and in the brush and thickets
around the springs and along streams is their natural
home.

WESTERN SHARP-TAILED GROUSE.—In the cultivated
fields these birds are often found in large-sized flocks.
They may be on the range.

BoB-WHITE.— This eastern game bird has been intro-
duced around Missoula, in the Bitter-Root Valley,
and in the Flathead Valley. They have done well, and
have greatly multiplied. During the summer they may
be heard any day around the upper end of Flathead Lake.
In the range they would have plenty of food in summer,
but would ‘probably need attention in winter, unless some
crop was grown for them.

NAMES.—The names of creeks, ridges and mountains
are all of Indian origin.

Quilseeh (Red Sleep), mountain, was named for Mrs.
Duncan McDonald.

Seelaw, mountain, named for one of the United States
Indian Judges of the reservation; a leading man, who
lived near Dixon and died in 1906.

47

‘VGVNVO OL LNAWdIHS YOU ACVAN ‘GUYH OTdVd FHL AO NOILNOd Vv
*poary *f “WW Aq *Zo6r GusuAdog

TASS Avot

Wheewheetlchaye (many grizzly bear), ridge, with
summit east of Quilseeh; named for an old Pend d’Oreille
Indian chief.

Inskaltesshin (a dead dragon), ridge and gulch, lead-
ing south from Quilseeh.

Kaiimi, gulch and creek, named for an old Indian,
now dead.

Chimtaupeh (bob-tail), gulch, named for an old
Indian.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.—-Duncan McDonald, of Ra-
valli, was kind enough to ride with me over the range
and give me much help in understanding its general
features: amd character. Ele gave me the imformation
about the springs and streams, and in regard to the feeding
capacity of the range. Col. Rankin, Indian allotting
agent for the Government, has rendered great assistance.
I am indebted to him for the map of the range, and for
other courtesies. Major W. H. Smead, of Missoula,
permitted me to photograph and use his map of the Flat-
head Reservation, marked in sections, and with all lines
and streams indicated. Many others have rendered assist-
ance In minor ways.

49

PoE, PROPOSED, NEW YORK*sf#A 78
BISON HERD.

At the annual meeting held in January, 1907, Pro-
fessor Franklin W. Hooper proposed a movement for
the establishment of a herd of American Bison in the
Adirondacks, to be owned and maintained by the State, on
State lands. The proposal received the immediate
approval of the Society, and the Executive Committee was
directed to take such steps as might be necessary to carry
the idea into effect.

Mr. Madison Grant prepared a bill to provide the
necessary legislation and a fund of $20,000.00 with which
to fence a large area, of ten or twelve square miles, erect
such sheds and corrals as might be necessary, purchase
about 15 pure-blood bison, and transport them to the pro-
posed range. The bill provided that the whole under-
taking should be under the management of State Commis-
sioner of Forests, Fish and Game, Mr. John D. Whipple.

The bill was introduced in the Assembly by Assembly-
man Frank "C. Elooper, of Essex, and in the Senate by
Senator George H. Cobb. The Assembly Committee on
Ways and Means promptly granted a hearing on the bill,
at which Professor Hooper, Dr. Hornaday and Mr. Harry
V. Radford appeared in support of the measure. There
was no opposition. On the contrary, Chairman Sherman
Moreland, Speaker Wadsworth, and all the members of
the committee were not only friendly to the measure, but
they facilitated its progress.

The following are the names of the members of the
Ways and Means Committee of the Assembly for 1907 :—

SHERMAN MORELAND JAMES T.. ROGERS

JEAN L. BURNETT JOHN K. PATTON

JESSE-S. PEEPS JAMES K. APGAR

EDWIN A. MERRITT, JR. J. MAYHEW WAINWRIGHT
GEORGE H. WHITNEY MERVIN C. STANLEY
GARY H. Woop JAMES OLIVER

THOMAS J. FARRELL
50

Senator Cobb’s bill was referred to the Finance Com-
mittee of the Senate. At the hearing which was granted
by that committee, Mr. Hornaday appeared in behalf of
the measure, and there the whole matter was received in
the most friendly spirit. ‘Through the initiative of Sen-
ator Armstrong, chairman, the bill was recast in the
briefest form possible, and it was inserted as an item in the
annual supply bill. On that basis it was approved by both
Houses, and the conference committees, and finally passed
as part of the supply bill. In effect, the members of both
branches of the Legislature were unanimously in favor
of the immediate establishment of a State Bison herd, as
proposed by The American Bison Society.

The membership of the Senate Committe on Finance
In 1907 was as follows :—

WILLIAM W. ARMSTRONG JOTHAM P. ALLDS
HENRY WAYLAND HILL WILLIAM J. TULLY

OWEN CASSIDY MARTIN SAXE
JOHN N. CorpTs WILLIAM T. O’ NEIL
JOHN RAINES SAMUEL J. RAMSPERGER

DOMINICK F. MULLANEY ©CHARLES H. FULLER
THOMAS F. GRADY

All friends of the American Bison, in general, and the
members of the Bison Society in particular, are indebted
to Speaker James W. Wadsworth, Jr., Senators Arm-
strong, Cobb, Hill and Raines, and Assemblyman Hooper,
Moreland and Merritt. The generous spirit in which the
matter was received by the New York Legislature as a
whole, may fairly be regarded as an index of the interest
which nearly all intelligent Americans feel in the per-
petual preservation of America’s most conspicuous wild
quadruped.

Coincident with the final passage of the supply bill,
the Bison Society received what it regarded as a trust-
worthy intimation that Governor Hughes was friendly to
the proposal for a State Bison herd, and might be expected
to approve the item. Nevertheless, both Assemblyman
Hooper and the President of the Society wrote the Gov-
ernor, separately, requesting a hearing. In making the
application Mr. Hornaday took occasion to state pointedly

51

some of the reasons why the proposition should be carried
out, and assured Governor Hughes that its practical
success was beyond question.

The two requests for a hearing were not answered, and
therefore it was supposed that the Governor was satisfied
to act without further information. Favorable action
was confidently expected, and the officers of the Society
purposely refrained from troubling the Executive with
correspondence.

To the members of the Bison Society, and many others,
Governor Hughes’ veto of the item for an Adirondack
herd came as a profound and painful surprise, than which
no action could have been more unexpected.

The Governors’ reasons for the veto were recorded as
follows :—

“Tt is doubtful, to say the least, whether there
ever have been any Bison in the Adirondacks, and
the policy of attempting to maintain Bison there is
questionable. In view of the many demands upon
the Treasury of the State, and the many improve-
ments which it has been found necessary to curtail,

I should not feel justified in approving the item.’

Although the officers of the Bison Society are
astounded, they are not in the least dismayed. The
8,000,000 people of New York State desire to have a Bison
herd of their own, on land which they own in the Adiron-
dacks, and they are both able and willing to pay the very
trifling sums that it will cost. They know without being
told in measured words that such a herd would in a short
time increase to such proportions that every small city in
this State could presently be supplied with a breeding pair
of Bison for its public park, to interest millions of people,
young and old, and to testify to the interest that the
Americans of to-day feel in the splendid species which
the Americans of thirty years ago so nearly exterminated.

When such a measure has passed the New York State
Legislature wnanimous/y, it is a sure sign that the people
desire the thing for which it provides. ‘The report of
Comptroller Glynn, published in December, announces
that the surplus in the State treasury at the close of 1907,
exclusive of all bills payable, was the very comfortable

52

sum of $13,678,138. In view of this fact, it would appear
that the Legislature was within bounds when it authorized
an expenditure of $20,000, with which to establish a herd
of Bison in the Adirondacks.

WOM Gecal:

53

WUVd TVOIDOIOOZ AHL NI STVUYAOD NOSIX AHL LV ALNHOD AHL

Per POUNDING OF THE WICHITA
NATIONAL BISON HERD.

By WILLIAM JT. HORNADAY.

In 1901, the Kiowa-Comanche Indian Reservation,
in southwestern Oklahoma, was by act of Congress
opened up for settlement. When Congress enacted the
law throwing open the Indian reserves of Oklahoma for
settlement, it also created of the Wichita Mountains and
the plains adjacent thereto, a national forest reserve con-
taining 60,800 acres.

By a proclamation issued by President Roosevelt, on
June 2d, 1905, the whole of this National Forest Reserve
was designated by authority of an act of Congress (33
Stat. 614), as a national game preserve, withdrawing the
whole area from agricultural settlement and dedicating
it to the preservation of wild quadrupeds and birds of
national importance.

In view of the fact that this new game reserve em-
braced some of the best grazing grounds of what once was
the great southern herd of American Bison, it occurred
to the Director of the New York Zoological Park that an
opportunity had been created for the founding of a Gov-
ernment herd of American Bison, under exceptionally
favorable conditions. It seemed evident that in view of
the light snowfall in Oklahoma, and the fact that formerly
millions of Bison inhabited the plains of Oklahoma and
Texas, all the year round,—subsisting by natura! grazing
throughout the winter,—that it would be entirely possible
for Bison to maintain themselves at the present day, all the
year round, by grazing.

Prior to 1905, it appears that no private individual nor
corporation of any kind, ever had offered to the United
fates, Govermment a cit of American Bison, as the
nucleus of a National herd. In view of the well-known
fact that no large species of quadruped can be bred and
perpetuated for centuries in the confinement of zoological

55

gardens and parks,—even where the enclosures are as
large as those in the New York Zoological Park,—it
seemed reasonably certain that the only way to insure the
perpetuation of the Bison species for centuries to come lies
in the creation of several national herds, maintained by the
Government on large areas of grazing grounds. It
seemed ‘desirable that for the encouragement of (the
National Government in the perpetuation of the Bison
species, the scientific institutions of the country, and
private individuals also, should do more than offer advice
and exhortations to Congress. Accordingly, a formal
cummunication was laid before the Executive Committee
of the New York Zoological Society, suggesting that the
Society should offer to the National Government, through
the Secretary of Agriculture, as a free gift, a herd of not
less than twelve pure-blood American Bison, of various
ages, to serve as the nucleus of a new national herd, pro-
vided Congress would appropriate a sufhicient sum of
money to erect a suitable fence around a large area of
grazing grounds in the Wichita Forest Reserve, and main-
fain the gift. This suggestion met with the instant
approval of the Zoological Society, and the Director of
the Park and the Secretary of the Society, Mr. Madison
Grant, were instructed to take all steps that were necessary
to carry it into effect. he date of this action was March
Loe OO5:

On March 25,°1905, a detinite- offer sof a nucleus
herd of Bison on the condition outlined above, was made
to the Government, through the Secretary of Agriculture.
It met with a prompt and cordial acceptance, and the
Secretary immediately directed the Bureau of Forestry to
co-operate with the Zoological Society in selecting a suit-
able range. The Society was invited to send an agent to
Oklahoma, to join a representative of the Forestry Bureau
in making a careful examination of all portions of the
Wichita Game Reserve, and with a view to selecting and
recommending a location for the proposed range.

On November 22d, 1905, Mr. J. Alden Loring was
selected as the Society’s agent for the proposed examina-
tion, and he proceeded immediately to Oklahoma, for the
object stated above.

56

On February 1st, 1906, he submitted to the Zoologica!
Society a report, which may fairly be regarded as a model
of its kind. It sets forth with ample fullness of detail the
physical character of the whole of the Wichita Forest
Game Reserve—its elevations, soil, vegetation, timber,
grazing-grounds, water supply and climatic conditions
generally. It discusses intelligently all the difficulties that
are liable to be encountered in establishing a herd of Bison
in that region, and finally furnishes a map showing the
area selected by Mr. Loring and Mr. E. F. Morrissey,
then Supervisor of the Wichita Game Reserve.

In accordance with his instructions from the Society,
the bison range proposed and shown by boundaries on the
map, contained twelve square miles of territory, and is
situated in the western center of the Wichita Reserve as
a whole.

In the area proposed as the range for the new bison
herd, there are abundant grazing grounds, consisting of
gently rolling prairie, covered with choice mesquite grass,
buffalo grass and blue-stem. ‘The grazing grounds are
practically surrounded by several high, round-topned or
rock-capped hills, and cliffs and ridges of red granite rock.
Heavy growths of black-jack oak usually cover the slopes,
and near the bases of these elevations, black-jack and
post oak timber sometimes extend down into the level
country fora quarter of a mile. In several portions
Of the diorest ‘there’ are trees sixty feet in height. The
mountains, hills and timber, taken together, afford
abundant shelter for the Bison from the fiercest storms
of winter. ,

The highest peak is about 600 feet in height.

The most important grazing ground was christened by
Mr. Loring “Winter Valley, “because it makes such an
excellent winter range. In this we found many Buffalo
wallows, and mesquite grass in sufficient quantities to
winter such a herd of Buffalo as it is proposed to place
on the range.”

The water supply of the bison range is abundant and
constant. A fine spring, situated in the northern portion
of the range, is the source of Cache Creek, which flows
southward through practically the entire length of the

57

AHOVOD LV SNOOVM FHL NO NOSIA AHL

bison range, and furnishes a perpetual supply of pure
water. There is no impure water anywhere in the range;
nor 1s there any possibility that impure water could flow
into the range.

Mr. Loring’s report was published by the Zoological
Society in its Tenth Annual Report (1905), and promptly
laid before the First Session of the Fifty-ninth Congress,
in which Mr. Madison Grant, Secretary of the Zoological
Dociem.-and Din IS. Palmer, of the Biological Survey,
rendered most important service. “(hrough the kind co-
operation of Hon. John F. Lacey, of Iowa, author of the
famous Lacey Bird Law; Hon. James W. Wadsworth, of
New York, Chairman of the House Committee on Agri-
culture; Hon. James Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture,
and other members of Congress interested in the perpetual
preservation of the Bison, an item was inserted in the
annual Agricultural appropriation bill, providing for an
appropriation of $15,000, with which to erect a substantial
steel-wire fence, seven feet six inches in height, entirely
around the proposed bison range, to erect suitable shelter-
sheds, a barn for the storage of hay, flood-gates across all
streams, and also to purchase such supplies of hay for use
during the first year as might be necessary. Without the
slightest opposition, either in the House of Representa-
tives or in the Senate, this item was passed with the
appropriation bill and became a law. Forthwith the
Secretary of Agriculture requested Mr. Gifford Pinchot,
Chiet ot the Forest Service, and thereby in sole charge
of the Wichita Game Reserve, to take all steps that might
be necessary to carry the law into effect and fully meet the
conditions proposed by the New York Zoological Society.

At the request of the Forestry Bureau, the Director of
the Zoological Park prepared plans and specifications for
the improvements to be made and designed a series of
corrals and sheds for the handling of the Bison herd when
not on the range. All these plans were approved by the
Forestry Bureau, and forthwith a:contract for the work
of erecting the fences, corrals, sheds and other buildings
was advertised. The lowest bid for the work was made by
Gurley & Paine, of Denton, Tex., and the Forestry Bureau
immediately executed a contract with that firm. Work

59

EACH BISON WAS SPRAYED WITH CRUDE. OIL:

A PORTION OF THE CORRALS, SHOWING THE SHELTER.

began in the late summer of 1906, and was prosecuted
thereafter with commendable diligence. It is reported
by two representatives of the Zoological Society who
accompanied the Bison herd to Oklahoma, that all the
improvements made are of the most substantial, workman-
like and generally satisfactory character. Notwithstand-
ing the fact that the contractors have encountered very
great practical difficulties in constructing the fence over
rocky ground and up and down steep hills, often necessi-
tating the carrying of all materials by hand for iong dis-
tances, the work has gone forward in a most painstaking
and conscientious manner. In that dry climate, the fences
of the new range and corrals should last for a great many
years without renewal. All the posts were of hard wood,
carefully seasoned, and specially treated, to prevent decay.

After extensive inquiries for the best candidate for the
position of caretaker of the new Bison herd, the Forestry
Bureau finally selected Mr. Frank Rush, who was
appointed in the early autumn of 1907, under the tempor-
ary title of Forest Guard. Mr. Rush entered upon his
duties in the month of September, and established a res1-
dence on the Wichita Game Reserve.*

The time selected by the Zoological Society for the
shipment of the herd under the conditions most favorable
to its transplantation was in October, 1907. At the request
Of the Society, the Forestry Bureau mstructed Mr, Rush
to come to New York, in order that he might become
thoroughly acquainted with the herd in its home and
accompany the shipment to Oklahoma.

After long and careful consideration, the Director of
the Zoological Park decided that the only way in which
to prevent all accidents to the Buffaloes while in transit,
was that each one should be crated at the Zoological Park
and transported therein to the corrals of the new bison
range. Accordingly, a series of crates were prepared, and
for the benefit of Buffalo shippers generally, the dimen-
sions are given.

*On January 1, 1908, Mr. Rush was appointed Forest Supervisor of the
Wichita National Forest.

61

INTERIOR DIMENSIONS OF CRATES FOR
AMERICAN BISON.

No. 1—For large adult bull: 9 feet long, 5 feet 6 inches
high, 3 feet 6 inches wide.

No. 2—For bulls four years old and adult cows: 8 feet
long, 5 feet high, 3 feet wide.

No. 3—-For cows and bulls two years old: 7 feet long,
4 feet 6 inches high, 2 feet 6 inches wide.

No. 4—For calves in first year: 5 feet long, 4 feet high,
2 feet 3 inches wide.

*In order to get this crate into an Arms Palace Stock-
Car, it was necessary to cut off six inches of its length.

In these crates no feed boxes were built in. A door
nine inches high, on strong hinges, was provided at each
end vat the bottom, and both doors were arranged to bolt
to the bottom very firmly when closed. ‘The crates were
smooth inside and built solidly for two feet up. The
framing timbers under the bottom all were made to run
lengthwise, and there were no crossboards underneath to
interfere with rollers. This precaution is exceedingly
necessary, because it is usually impossible to move Buf-
faloes in crates save on rollers. At one end, a strong door
was made, to slide up and down. This door must always
run easily, in order that it may be quickly dropped after
an animal has been driven into a crate. Once the animal
is inside, the door requires to be bolted with heavy wood-
screws, put in with a monkey-wrench. ‘To keep the rear
run across from side to side, and secured by nuts and
end of a crate from springing apart, two iron rods were
washers.

For watering a Buffalo in a crate, the best arrangement
is a wooden box, about 18 inches square, with sides six
inches high, in order that it may be introduced at the feed-
door and taken out again at the proper time. This is also
to be used as a feed-box in feeding grain of any kind.

There are two ways in which Buffaloes may be made
to.enter shipping crates. “he best course is by means of
a long, narrow chute, with the crate placed at one end, its
entrance door raised, and a man posted on top of the crate

62

‘STVUNOD AHL AO NOILVOOT AHL SNIMOHS ‘KATIVA UALNIM AO NOILYOd V

Bix

behind the raised door, in order to drop it as soon as the
animal enters. The bottom of the crate should be covered
with hay, and hay should be strewn along the corral for
a few feet of the distance leading into the crate. For
loading a large number of Bison, it is much the best that
the crates should rest upon a raised platform, similar to
that in use at the Zoological Park. ‘The other method is
in some respects more difficult. It consists in throwing
a lariat around the horns, of the Bison, or around its
neck, and dragging the animal in by main strength. This
method often is useful as a last resort, and once an animal
is roped, it is quickly drawn to its place.

When the bison corrals of the Zoological Park were
rebuilt two years ago, a permanent chute was erected for
the loading of Bison that might require to be sent away.

The following animals were selected to constitute the
nucleus of the Wichita National Bison herd :—

large bull, bie yeats.old:
bull, 3% years old,

bulls, 2V, years old,

spike bull

bull calf, 6 months old,
adult cows, all breeders,
cow, 2% years old,

cow, 1% years old,
female calf, © months old:

Total, 165 head.

The Bison thus selected represent four distinct strains
of blood, The large biceding bull) is not related” to
any of the other members of the herd. It is the belief of
the writer, based on recent studies of the development of
wild animals derived from a small number of progen-
itors, but ranging free on large areas of territory, that on
any range for animals as large as that of the Wichita Bison
Range, the dangers of evil results from inbreeding are too
small to be considered seriously, provided the original
stock is sound and healthy. Of course it is well known
that diseased parents transmit their diseases to their off-
spring, and the greatest evils of inbreeding arise from
this source.

64

On, October 10th, between 11 A.M. and 5.20 P. M..,
thirteen Bison of the Wichita herd were successfully
crated and delivered at the railroad. Trouble was exper-
ienced with only two of the fifteen animals. One young
cow objected to entering the crate, as also did the largest
bull. With a very brief delay, however, both were event-
ually driven into their crates, and the whole fifteen head
were placed on board the cars at Fordham Station without
the slightest accident.

Through the efforts of the late Charles T. Barney,
Chairman of the Executive Committee, Mr. Dudley
Evans, President, and Mr. H. B. Parsons, Vice-President
of the Wells-Fargo Express Company, consented that
their Company should transport the two Arms Palace
Horse Cars containing the Bison from St. Louis to Cache,
freevor charge. “Nr james *C. Parco, President of the
American Express Company, also offered, on behalf of
his company and the New York Central Lines, to trans-
port the cars free of charge from New York to St. Louis.
These complimentary services were rendered because of
the public interest attaching to the object in view, and
were equivalent to a gift to the Zoological Scciety of
$1,000.00, or thereabouts. In fact, but for this concession
on the part of the two express companies, 1t would have
been impossible to have shipped the buffaloes by pas-
senger train service, in which event the shipment would
have been far longer in transit, and the buffaloes would
have been much reduced in strength by the long journey
in close confinement.

The shipment left Fordham Station, New York City,
on October 11th, in charge of Chief Clerk H. R. Mitchell,
of the Zoological Park, and Mr. Frank Rush, who were
also accompanied by Mr. Elwin R. Sanborn, of the Zoo-
logical Park staff. Thanks to the experience and knowl-
edge of Mr. Mitchell in matters relating to railway trans-
portation, the journey from New York to Cache was made
in seven days—the distance being 1,858 miles. Naturally,
the fact that two carloads of Buffaloes were being sent
from a crowded eastern city back to the southern Buffalo
range, attracted great attention; and in Oklahoma,

65

‘NOSId FHL FAS OL AHOVD WOT ANVD OHM SNVIGNI ZHONVWOD AO aNvd V

especially, the interest of the public reached the highest
pitch.

All persons who never have had an opportunity to
become familiar with the difficulties involved in shipping
a herd of large, hoofed animals by rail, should be advised
that such an undertaking involves very serious difficulties
and demands first-class ability. In his narrative of the
transportation of the herd from the Zoological Park to
the Wichita Reserve, published in the Zoological Society’s
Bulletin No. 28, page 412, Mr. Elwin R. Sanborn records
the following statement :—

“Tt would be churlish and a neglect unpardonable not
to award to Mr. Mitchell praise for the admirable manner
in which the details of the transportation were executed.
In every instance, his knowledge of railroad methods and
his tireless energy overcame obstacles which would have
meant hardship and perhaps death to some of the Bison,
and their safe arrival at Cache was due absolutely to his
splendid work.”

On reaching the town of Cache, it was found that
Mr. W. R. Mattoon, Acting Supervisor, in charge of the
whole Wichita Reserve, had perfected arrangements for
transporting the animals from the railway to the range.
A caravan of wagons was found awaiting the arrival of
the shipment. Forthwith the crates were loaded upon the
wagons and hauled twelve miles across the prairie to the
new bison range. On arrival there, the crates were, with-
out any great difficulty, unloaded in the corrals, and the
Buffaloes were liberated. None of the animals had sus-
tained the slightest injury, and all arrived at their new
home in excellent condition.

In establishing the nucleus herd of Bison in its new
home, there is but one danger which affords ground for
anxiety. The Wichita Reserve is within the range of the
cattle-tick which produces Texas fever, and inasmuch as
cattle have previously been grazing over the whole area
of the Wichita Game Reserve, it 1s necessary that special
care shall be taken to eliminate the presence of that pest
from the range. Mr. Rush and Mr. Mattoon have made
a careful study of the situation, and have determined upon
a plan which certainly promises to be successful. In the

67

first place, the whole area of the Bison corrals has been
burned over. In addition to this, all the animals were
sprayed with crude petroleum before they were taken
from their crates. It isithe imtention of the managers
of the herd to spray the animals annually, in case it should
prove necessary. A close watch will be maintained for
evidences of the presence of the Texas fever tick, and
if any are found to have reached any of the Buffaloes, they
will be immediately destroyed by the spraying operation.

It is also intended, as a further precaution, to burn
over about 200 acres of the bison range adjoining the
corrals, and surround it by a temporary fence, in order
that the herd may be kept entirely under control and close
observation during the period that it will be in danger of
coming in contact with the fever tick.

The Zoological Society has every confidence in the
judgment of Mr. Rush and Mr. Mattoon, and believe that
the intelligent efforts which they are now putting forth
for the maintenance of the herd will be crowned with
complete success.

Since the arrival of the herd in its new home, two
calves have been born, one male and one female, both
of which are vigorous specimens and seem likely to
SUIVIVE.

We confidently look forward to the increase of the
Wichita national herd at a rapid rate, and there is every
reason to believe that within a very few years a herd of
more than one hundred animals will be the result. It is
expected and hoped that American elk, prong-horned
antelope and mule deer will be liberated in the bison
range, and that they will there thrive and multiply along
with their natural neighbors, the Bison. There is now a
small herd of wild white-tailed deer inhabiting the rough
mountain tops and timber of the bison range, and now
that they are fully protected, they should increase to satis-
factory numbers.

This completes the history of the founding of the
Wichita national Bison herd up to the present date.

We especially commend to the attention of the public
the fact that the national Government quickly responded
to the invitation of private individuals,—or to speak more

68

correctly, of a scientific corporation,—to join it in this
cliore tormihe perpetual preservation’ of the American
Bison species.

It is highly desirable that all friends of the American
Bison should show a practical interest in this work by
taking an active part in it and helping to share the initial
burden. It 1s reasonably safe to assume that Congress can
be persuaded to establish other national herds of Bison
in other portions of the United States, provided other
individuals, or scientific bodies, will take the initiative in
the same manner that was so successfully taken by the
New York Zoological Society.

AYALHONVIS NOSI€A DIG LSVI S.WUMVN-GNONOd AHIHO AO SNIVNAY GaSOddNsS

Bet ¥. P ai a! >

.
*
a

oe RE a we idee 5, ~
NERC

CENSUS OF LIVING AMERICAN BISON
ON JANUARY ist, 1908.

COMPILED BY WILLIAM T. HORNADAY.

OWNER AND LOCATION MALES | FEMALES Ee TAN. 1, 1908
UNITED STATES

ARIZONA:

Grand Canyon Game Preserve—C. J. Jones 12 2 1 14
ARKANSAS:

Wiener—Albert Huber........eseeeeererees 1 1 0 2
CALIFORNIA:

San Francisco—Golden Gate IPAaTK jeje sieieies 11 7 2 18
COLORADO:

Denver—City Park.......+seeeeeeerer reste 6 10 2 16
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA :

Washington—National Zoological Park.. 3 5 0 8
ILLINOIS:

Chicago—Lincoln Park......:.s+e++erseeees 7 6 5 13
IOWA:

Bancroft—C. J. Lenander.......++++-+++++ 4 8 2 12

Buffalo Centre—C. E. Mallory.....+--++++ 3 1 1 4

Davenport—City Park....-+--.sseesee seers 1 a 1 8

Keokuk—Rand Park.......-s+s+seeseee eee 2 2 0 4
KANSAS:

Belvidere—Soldier Creek Park.........--- 12 15 8 a
MASSACHUSETTS :

Newtonville—Norumbega Park......-.--- 3 1 1 4

West Brookfield — Indian Rock Farm 1 1 0 2
MICHIGAN:

Detroit—Belle Isle Park......-.++e-s+se00+ 1 3 0 4

Pontiac—Joshua Hill.....-.---++-+sseeeeeee 2 3 1 5
MINNESOTA :

Buckman—John Schmolke.......++-++++++- i 2 0 3

Cardigan—James J. Hill......-+---+++eees 4: 2 1 6
MISSOURI:

St. Louis—Forest Park.......seeeseeeseeees 3 0 0 3
MONTANA: 7 :

Kalispel—Estate of C. E. Conrad....... 30 50 24 80 £7

Ronan—Michel Pablo........- .sseeers ean 106 134 49 240* ~~
NEBRASKA:

Friend—J. W. Gilbert........ssseee+ ceeeee 5 2) 1 7
NEW HAMPSHIRE:

Newport—Blue_ Mountain Forest Associa- r

tion (Corbin Herd).....-.-:esseeeeeeeeees 65 val 20 136 £27

NEW YORK:

Buffalo—Zoological Garden 5 2 2 ui

Cohocton—B. G. Veeder...... 1 0 0 1

New York City—Zoological Park........ 14 19 10 3

(Also see OKLAHOMA Preserve).

Central Park Menagerie.....-.+-+++sseeees 1 4 1 5

Brooklyn—Prospect Park.....--++-++++++0: 0 1 0 1
OHIO:

Cincinnati—Zoological Garden..........-- 10 11 6 21

South Newberry—W. B. Cleveland....... 3 4 areas 7

Toledo—City Park.....---seseeeeeeeees ans 2 0 0 2

ieee Wee eS Se

* As counted by an agent of the Canadian Government, under the direction of Mr. How-
ard Douglas. The sexes were not counted, and the division has been arrived at by the
rules of proportion, based on the 398 head previously taken to Canada from this herd.

71

CENSUS OF LIVING AMERICAN BISON ON JAN. Ist, 1908— Continued.

OWNER AND LOCATION

MALES

FEMALES

YOUNG

BORN 1907

TOTAL ON

JAN. 1, 1908

OKLAHOMA:
Wichita Game Reserve—U.S. Government
Bliss—101 Ranch—Miller Brothers.........

Pawnee--Major J. W. Lillie...............

PENNSYLVANIA :
Philadelphia Zoological Garden..........
Pittsburg—Highland Park Zoo. Garden...

SOUTH DAKOTA:
Fort Pierre—James Philip.......... aexeistevere

TEXAS:
Goodnight—Charles Goodnight............

UTAH:
Salt Lake City—John E. Dooly...........

WISCONSIN :
Milwaukee—City Park..... docsoosbadnacodds

WYOMING:

Yellowstone National Park—Government |

Herds. Also see under ‘‘ Wild Buffaloes.”
Dot Island, Yellowstone Park.............

Wolf—Baton Brothers... -joce cles cer eldcwitiesie a

CANADA
ALBERTA:
Banff—Rocky Mountain Park of Canada..
TURP aL'S Leta Pave eas rcpejeserelece teat sieiers?s eteioue eveislel steverere

ATHABASCA :
See under *‘ Wild Buffaloes ”’

MANITOBA :
Winnipeg—Silver Heights Park..........

ONTARIO:
Moronto—Riverdale Park. oot iccjiee cae sics

EUROPE
BELGIUM :
Antwerp—Zoological Gardens ............

ENGLAND :
Haggerston Castle—C. J. Leyland........
London—Zoological Gardens.............
Woburn Park—Duke of Bedford.........

GERMANY:
Berlin—Zoological Gardens..........-....

Breslau—Zoological Gardens.............. |
Dusseldorf—Zoological Gardens..........

Frankfort, A.M.—Zoological Gardens..

Hamburg-—Zoological Gardens...........
Stellingen, near Hamb.—Carl Se
Hanover—Zoological Gardens....... .....
Cologne—Zoological Gardens............-
Leipzig—Zoological Gardens..............

AUSTRIA :
Slawentzitz, U. Selesia— Prince Hohenionel

Bohemia—The" Prince: Dis. sac oeseereens |

NETHERLANDS:

Amsterdam—Zoological Gardens.........

Rotterdam—Zovoological Gardens .........
Hilversum—F. E. Blaauw’s Graveland.

RUSSIA:
Askania-Nova—FPriedrich Falz-Fein......

a

about 63

oR

Co bo eH He to bo bt 8

2
1
2

9

Roo

about 95

35?

23

221*

ECO

cor~w

32

21

owe

16
81

rProoo°oo+tz

new

me boe

—

AMERICAN BISON RUNNING WILD.

In Yellowstone Park, estimated by General S. B. M. Young
In Athabasca, Canada, estimated by E. T. Seton and Mounted Police

eee eee

ry

* Adults purchased in 1907 from M. Pablo, Ronan, Montana.

+ One calf born and sold during year 1907.

72

BUFFALO-DOMESTIC HYBRIDS,
cCAT TALOERS..

OWNER AND LOCATION

TOTAL ON JANUARY 1, 1908

UNITED STATES
ARIZONA:
Grand Canyon Game Preserve—C. J.Jones

IOWA:
Bancroft—C. J. Lenander...--.-+seerrrreee

KANSAS:
Belvidere, Kiowa County—Soldier Creek
Tear Ieee seeder reteverecevoie aie raslolateleloseissenoveasncisieysialelerc)e
MINNESOTA :
Buckman—John Schmolke
Cardigan—James J. Hill....---s+eeerseees

ciclejeievere a0 0:0'@e\eece

MONTANA:
Ronan—Charles Allard .....-ssseeserereees
OKLAHOMA :
Pawnee—Major J. W.. Lillie.........+. ++:
Bliss—101 Ranch, Miller Brothers......---

SOUTH DAKOTA:
Fort Pierre—James Philip......--+++-++++:

TEXAS:
Goodnight—Charles Goodnight.......--++

WALAHis2
Salt Lake City—John E. Dooly......-----

CANADA
ALBERTA:

Banff—Rocky Mountain Park of Canada.

ONTARIO:
Bobeaygeon—Mossom Boyd Company...

QUEBEC :
Quebec—Holt, Renfrew & Company:....

EUROPE

ENGLAND:
Haggerston Castle—C. J. Leyland.......-
London— Zoological Gardens......++++++++

RUSSIA :
Askania Nova—Friedrich Falz-Fein.
(South Russia.)

bo

about 100

13

43

11 males.
46 females.
9 calves in 1907.

1 16 breed.
1 % breed.

15 breed calf.

3 males.
9 females.
2 34 blood calves, born 1907.

Bred to 4 and ve.

Male, 4 Hereford, infertile.

9 males and 26 females,
as follows:

1 3% bison bull.

bison bull.

bison bulls.

bison bulis.

4°34 bison cows.

bison cows.

bison cows.

9 1g bison cows.

8 calves born in 1907, as follows:

3 3g bison calves, the product
of a & bull bison and 1% bison
cows.

5 4 bison calves, the product
of a 4 bison bull and 4
bison cows.

Hybrid between American and
European bisons.

3 half-breed males.

1 34 bison male.

1 half-breed female.

2 three-quarter bison females.
1 one-quarter breed female.

73

SUMMARY.

AMERICAN, “BISON, OF PURE BLOOD

2 CALVES | TOTAL ON TOTAL
MALES | FEMALES | jy 1907 |JAN. 1, 1908|| IN 1903
Captive in the United States... 506 610 203 1116 969
|
Captiveiin» Canada. cic s.cccs +0 214 262 98 476 41
Total in America...... steoro(sie (sieeve 720 872 301 1592 1010
Captive in EUurepes. «1.0.6.0 sie. 54 76 22 130 109
Total im) (Captivity jar ciecolste vieicieiel= 774 948 323 1722 1119
Wild Bison in the United States,
EEStimMA te leis cleis/ersicicls cls'felos'el sles 25
Wild Bison in Canada, Estimated 300
Total pure blood Bison, Jan. 1,
MLGOS Weieieielelslcleicie)s/afejelolalesetess is! sieletoreicioje 2047
Number of owners of pure
blood Bison, in America...... 45
Number of owners of pure
blood Bison, in Europe........ 19

BUFFALO-DOMESTIC HYBRIDS,

S<CATLALOHSs

Inthe: Winited! (States: crcjecticsieccccacleiecers a clericisione oretesis clonal srereercietererarererns

Ih aYX OF hal: Kal eaeo AOR GUO TA aac OSOGOTCAUD ODOC OOCAORAOO ORD OCUaidontrin Gacor

MAH UO POs. ccclalstate’e) furore eters leis ceteyne/avelelelosctavereis (eyeievetelove eye\sre onepmeverevotereleteretelelsiale

MotaltonMamUary, 1s) OOS secre isroie oteisievolois/opetereicte(sto\siaceisteleys:stelaisiefelsiores seterete

1903
260 243
57 17
28 21
345 281

NOTES ON THE CENSUS.

THE CANADIAN BISON HERD.—The most important
event of 1907 in the life history of the American Bison
was the action of the Canadian Government in pur-
chasing the entire Pablo-Allard herd of six hundred
and twenty-eight animals, and transporting 398 of them
fo, Mikeisland Park, Canada. Of the 240 Bison, still
remaining on the Flathead range, all save 10 head belong
to Canada, and will be removed during 1908. No
enumeration of the sexes and the calves remaining in
Montana has ever been made, and the division of the herd
of 240 head into males, females and calves, as shown in
this census, has been made by the rules of proportion,
using the known quantities in the 398 head already taken
to Canada, and reported upon by Howard Douglas.

Inasmuch as it was impossible to induce the United
States Government to purchase the Pablo-Allard herd,
and forever maintain it on the Flathead Reservation, the
next best thing was that it should pass into the hands of
the Canadian Government, and be located on the upper
half of the former range of the species. In view of the
breaking up of the Flathead Indian Reservation, and its
opening to settlement, it was no longer possible for Mr.
Pablo to maintain his herd, either there or elsewhere.

The Canadian Government deserves to be sincerely
congratulated upon its wisdom, its foresight and _ its
genuine enterprise in providing $1 57,000 for the purchase
of the Pablo herd, in addition to the cost of transporting
the animals, and fencing Elk Island Park. It is for
the Canadians to write the full history of this important
transaction, and record the names of the men who are
entitled to the credit for the grand coup by which Canada
secured for her people the finest herd of American Bison
in the world. The friends of the Bison may indeed be
thankful that the great northwestern herd is not to be
scattered to the ends of the earth, and finally disappear in
the unstable hands of private individuals.

THE CATTALO.—Every owner of a valuable herd of
pure-blood Bison who feels inclined to experiment in
the production of cattaloes, or crosses between the Bison

ded
fo

and domestic cattle, should first consider the possibility
of seriously impairing the reputation and value of his
Bison herd. If an owner is wi/ling to dedicate his herd
to the production of animals of mixed breed, that is his
affair. Itseems perfectly clear, however, that every Bison
herd which contains cattaloes is bound to be regarded
with doubt by persons who are seeking to purchase pure
blooded Bison. In selecting calves for sale out of a mixed
herd, it is not always possible for even the best experts
to recognize a strain of domestic blood that exists in a
supposedly pure-blooded animal. I could cite two
instances in illustration of this, wherein calves that were
sold as of pure blood afterward proved to be otherwise,
and were therefore valueless.

It is a satisfaction to know that Col. C. J. Jones (“Buf-
falo” Jones), known to the world as the pioneer breeder
of the cattalo, has received from the United States Govern-
ment authority to use as a range an adequate amount of
grazing grounds on the western side of the Grand Canyon
of the Colorado, on which he has inaugurated the most
important experiment in cross-breeding the Bison that
ever has been made. The effort is devoted wholly to the
production of cattaloes, and its results are awaited with
keen interest. The moment Col. Jones finds a way to
produce hybrids with ease and certainty, the future of the
new breed is assured.

THE WILD BISON OF ATHABASCA.—I think it was in
1902 that the Canadian Government wisely enacted a
law prohibiting the killing of any of the so-called
“Wood Bison” that range in the uninhabited region
immediately to the westward of Smith’s Landing on
the Athabasca River. While all unconcealed hunting
ceased, it is probable that the Indians and half-breeds of
that region killed many a Bison surreptitiouslv, for food.
Two years ago it was reported that the gray wolves were
devouring the young calves, because the Bison lived in
such small bands that the bulls were unable to protect
their young offspring.

Last year, Mr. Ernest ‘Thompson Seton visited the
region inhabited by the wild Bison of Athabasca, and saw
35 individuals, three of which were young calves. From

76

his observations, and facts gathered by him, he estimates
the total number of Athabasca Bison at “not less than 250
nor more than 600. If I must fix upon a definite figure as
my estimate, I will say 300.” On this point, the following
from Mr. Howard Douglas, Superintendent of the Rocky
Miountaim Park“at Banfi, dated October 28, 1907, is of
general interest :—

“T have got the best information I can procure with
regard to the herd running wild in the North, and regret
having to report that they are decreasing, owing to the
timber wolves killing the young calves, so that when there
were supposed to be nearly six hundred head a few years
ago, the estimate now is only about three hundred, with
very little young stock among them, and unless drastic
measures are taken soon there will be none left. The Gov-
ernment sent in an Inspector of the Northwest Mounted
Police during the past Summer, and his report corrobo-
rates the statements made. From this report I have no
doubt that some means will be taken to protect the herd
in the tueure.

THE BISON JIN THE YELLOWSTONE PARK.—In his an-
nual report for 1907 as Superintendent of the Yellowstone
National Park, General 5. B. M. Young reports as follows
on the Bison, captive and wild:—

“The 29 Buffalo in the fenced pasture near Mammoth
produced only 5 calves. One old cow in this herd died
in june. Phe calves ane hardy. “Phis herd, with: the
exception of the two original old bulls, was safely con-
ducted to the Lamar Valley on October 12 and 13, where
there is superior grazing, and where they will be herded
during the day time in fair weather and secured in the
600-acre pasture field during the night time and in foul
weather. The grazing in the Mammoth pasture has not
been excellent, and it has been necessary to feed hay to
this herd all summer. The 28 Buffalo taken to the Lamar
Valley in May last have not been fed hay and are in better
condition than the Mammoth herd. The Lamar herd
produced no calves. The united herd numbers 59 (25
males and 34 females), not including the 2 old bulls which
have been advertised for sale.

77

“Of the original wild Buffalo in the park signs of 6 are
reported on the Madison Plateau, southwest corner of the
park; 4 were reported seen in Hayden Valley, their old
habitat, in August, and signs of 15 are reported on Mirror
Plateau and Specimen Ridge, 10 miles south of Soda
Butte. ‘Total number estimated to be 25.”

NEw York, January 31, 1908. Ve i Bete

CONSTITUTION OF
THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY.

ARTICLE I—NAME

The name of this organization shall be The American Bison Society.

ARTICLE II—OBJECTS

The objects of this Society shall be the permanent preservation and
increase of the American Bison.

ARTICLE III.—MEMBERSHIP

Section 1—The membership of this Society shall consist of Associate
Members, Members, Life Members, and Patrons.

Section 2.—Any person in sympathy with the objects of this Society may
become an Associate Member by paying the prescribed dues.

Any person in sympathy with the objects of this Society may become a
Patron, Life Member, or Member upon election by the Executive Committee
and payment of the prescribed fees or dues.

Section 3—The dues’of an Associate Member shall be One Dollar, payable
annually. The dues of a Member shall be five dollars, payable annually.
The fee of a Life Member shall be one hundred dollars. The fee of a
Patron shall be one thousand dollars.

Section. 4A member may be expelled from the Society upon the written
recommendation of any officer, by a majority vote of the members of the
Executive Committee present at any meeting, provided notice of such proposed
action, with reasons therefor, be sent to the member and to the Executive
Committee at least one week before such meeting.

ARTICLE IV—GOVERNMENT

Section 1—The governing body of this Society shall consist of a Board of
Managers of twenty-seven persons, divided into three groups of nine each.
The tenure of office of the Managers shall be three years, but only nine
Managers’ terms can expire by limitation in any one year. Therefore, at
each annual meeting of the Society, nine new members shall be elected by
ballot of a majority of the members present, due notice having been given
in advance to all members.

Section 2.—The Board of Managers shall elect each year at its annual
meeting, from its own members, by ballot and a majority vote, a President,
two Vice-Presidents, Secretary, and Treasurer, and five persons to form, with
the President and Secretary, the Executive Committee of the Society. Hon-
orary officers, each to serve a term of one year, may be elected at the discretion
of the Executive Committee.

Section 3.—Vacancies occurring in the Board of Managers and Executive
Committee may be filled by the Executive Committee to complete the year in
which they occur.

Section 4—At the annual meeting a Nominating Committee, consisting of
three members, shall be appointed by the presiding officer; their duties shall
be to present a list of candidates to fill vacancies on the Board of Managers.

79

ARTICLE Vi—DU TIES (OF OFFICES

Section 1.—The duties of the officers shall be such as pertain to their respec-
tive offices in similar societies. The President shall be ex-officio chairman
of the Board of Managers and of the Executive Committee.

Section 2.—The Vice-Presidents shall perform the duties of the President,
in his absence, in the order of seniority of office.

Section 3.—The Secretary shall record the proceedings of the Society of
its Board of Managers, and of its Executive Committee, in books to be kept
for the purpose; shall have charge of all records belonging to the Society, and
of its publications; shall conduct the correspondence of the Society and keep
a record thereof; shall inform members, Managers, and officers of their
election; and shall give notice of all meetings, and inform the Managers and
officers of all matters requiring their action.

Section 4—The Treasurer shall collect all bills and assessments due the
Society; shall pay from the funds of the Society all bills duly approved by
the President, or by three members of the Executive Committee; shall send
to the Secretary once a month the names and addresses of all new members
He shall also furnish, at the request of the Executive Committee, a statement
of the financial condition of the Society.

ARTICLE VI—MEETINGS

Section 1—There shall be an annual meeting of the Society, for the
election of Managers and other general purposes, on the second Thursday
of January.

Section 2.—Special meetings may be called upon seven days’ notice by the
President, or on a written application signed by three members of the Board
of Managers, stating the object of said meeting.

Section 3.—The annual meeting of the Board of Managers shall be held
immediately after the annual meeting of the members of the Society, and other
meetings may be held at such times as the President or Executive Committee
may deem desirable. Five members of the Board shall constitute a quorum.

Section 4.—Meetings of the Executive Committee may be held at such
times and places as may be appointed by the President, or, in his absence,
by the Secretary, and three days’ notice of each meeting shall be given.
Three members constitute a quorum.

Section 5.—The order of business shall be as follows :—

Reading records of previous meeting.
Reports of Committees.

Reading communications.

Unfinished business.

New business.

Cushing’s Manual shall be the authority for the decision of disputed
questions of order and debate.

ARTICLE VII--—AMENDMENTS

Amendments or alterations of the Constitution may be made by a two-thirds
vote of a meeting of the Board of Managers at any meeting, provided written
notice of the proposed change shall have been sent by mail to every member
of the Board of Managers not less than seven days previous to said meeting.

80

MEMBERS OF THE
viel GaN wl SON SOCIETY

LIFE MEMBERS.

IBY ANAAIEAIET EIS. NUVG/2 0 bes el 18a ol arene ttn Rue er eens cy oer en ee ner Ere Boston, Mass.
BURA IN RE ID) trageiee Mi anv, oedeencet a cae ces cao union: aye eee cae Boston, Mass.
BRIN SMAI I @EIARIEE SaIcivMIAIN: 1.4 aan a. asi)eecertes Brooklyn, N. Y.
RAW GS EGIN TS SmVIEPNY Be hye termes aniewsels, oases oe oeiecarrese Guede oceans New York City
(CANE EGA S/AIINUIDI SGI EEA s Beas oes ara Oy i ee ee ea New York City
3 @ ONE AGRI Virsa Ge OR! Gi Wise cee es ce eee moeer aceiee acre New York City
CONARROE, Mrs, GEORGE N..0.6.¢e.00..- cou... 0es /ehiladelphia, Pa:
CORBIN AAS TN precyet a stot aaa aoe ocd ie atest a ae tates New York City
IED XGA BIL IW Ga OVRN GES Sia 8 oe ace aar Bice Olas ie CIEE o aaee tes New York City
IBINSIOINIB IR BNG. Wiha, Ni, IEUANIRIPULSTOUN sae coe eee bau emeaecese Haverford, Pa.
INGEN Si Gi ORG UB Ararat se etace emictccc rc oierd or North Grafton, Mass.
KGS NUN PARR) se Viiteceae lV EAR MTOIN Si Sace eeneievats es ace ashcice ya na ceeee Boston, Mass.
TEAS UGE AL IU EAS 310 os dal CO ea DINE (Behe eee oe eet inthe ee rennet nee Mees Boston, Mass.
IPI SHO LIAL eS ss ON SUN IM LG aise inna aan eeichie pc cae SEO om race n aoe Pittsburg, Pa.
PRAGMA GOR GED. ncavoncs sarassi os See oss sions See eer New York City
METAS VSEMIRe gE ZARA RA PEG Von csc Me cin conse eSg sreiesraeaale we lee Boston, Mass.
AIUETDAR YARN Tite Si: Z RYAN TRUTH TERRY OF eesrennreciene a cicencs et acnigeettoe ae Boston, Mass.
ASEAN SIS ER il @) EIN sls as) seat scot mrel ape etshieees s atao . catalase Rake eede Lancaster, Mass.
WIN DERWIO© ODT WEE TAI TOYEMIAING occ... ssccse 6 cece Belmont, Mass.
VEACID) SIV IR GIMIEIE (GoM ee gin 5 eee erate ratehcw esos siethinoietenee Middletown, Conn.
WIASIBOBIOMRINE. lalomn: (GUARD IS) (Gis enccon panmasosnencnor Worcester, Mass.
WATS = (GINBISOING aR rete ie eats ses a eoardliomed lense aisieva eon Buftalo, IN. ¥
WiOl COMM yee RES GO Miner. ceyetcicc tices t Alnsra dae eis tte Readville, Mass.
*Deceased.

81

MEMBERS.

AIDIANES SBR © OKS een ese aee eee Oy AE Me re eterna Quincy, Mass.
IAD AINIS AG EC @ RIG ROSES gece ot re a eee eae alee pares eenens oe che oe Chicago, Ill.
TNT CRN ES IO) is IN ee Re eee kn OR euaior ice a are ae ea os ie om Greenfield, Mass.
ALDRICH, GETIAIRIVE SBR eeepc oer cet orice Worcester, Mass
PASTE TEAEIN pean ican even vege ot mtns ee: et aes ciccareytcere = nape aomtbea areRe Worcester, Mass.
INTE Nea DAVIAIR ID Aarne event: gators ist cee eter Philadelphia, Pa.
ALLEN, GWONVIEERE Nie, Ac eae) Bae aes eis Cambridge, Mass.
ANDERSON, TNCTING eceore ate ot 3d ep dao Me athe Snare «eens eee New York City
BYACA CIWS Oa Ace ae ep nerg it hye nM Rite aco aic ee oreo Chicago, Ill.
BIW @IN Go Cee AMREILAEE Sui torr Sew orcas acer eset eaees tren e out Worcester, Mass.
YASS IRIN Gag OR Gia hecianon one dc dose on Oba bis 6 oF Worcester, Mass.
BAWNISS SERINE Si REAR OID eters iee a Seen nates Meriden, N. H.
BE NIO ING AWG WIS waite ae yee eu ats occuessrnshetor er seaie eacieisaets eiatens New York City
TIES NIGAM: Sa ed sept ec e ee vert cs Bat or conte tates aaiek eas th meuinraetieie New York City
ITI SOUN, /NIEIDD.GAING DIDIR 2 an eee > Sp o46 conn cod oaou Philadelphia, Pa.
IBICITIC ONE TUBING UB Gada beeken am Boecacae ae peo cd ade Cohassett, Mass.
BIGHUO WAT OSE PES sacs aalectem Aoircrneuea sore aetetereerels Cohassett, Mass.
BEAIGE WGHOR GES Hisar rare Sec ee cape orem tomie toile aries Worcester, Mass.
I EAUICGED ERE Meee Pi ceseranae i artes Aeestniis Gi eodini rhe ah arse cual eereRmals Boston, Mass.
14 Ea RCIEDS EIN BISCMAS esa CIN Ie Renae cae contin ac tN aNE, ele Bien ine eS ica; Melrose, Mass.
TO Alles GIA Sr We Ses tustace eet oie ware aobener setts a Gietakeee anmenacetone Chicago, Ill.
BI OYMRUDINGAINI WV elec scte ce oocee scone amee a erence ees kers Washington, D. C.
BONA AR an EtG WARES) Misc e ae sarc tscanlojentanste <poparonar atehancl arene Baltimore, Md.
1810) OKI SMIET DING Pen re ae Seige IS ar Gand mca ae Con's ct 9.5
EXON MDICGIE Le CO SUA seh DSyay) ec aistres nee eB Owe eo ci «kg blue Aachen oe Boston, Mass.
BRING VAI Mic cot a osc caer cts Gusts crates ae oneee gy easeeny siete doles Yonkers, Ne Ye
IS IPINDGlSWAIN[S |KO SISIelaks pode nombarsoeomn acs co56 E. Providence Centre, Rage
RID GVIEAUN ee Ros es ei canoes test epet ieee ae lara Brooklyn, N. Y.
BROOKS iy) OWN eiEINIR Ne seer tree esses ai leur earl Boston, Mass.
BRIOW ING Stee ce ctact ac attest ca) cried oo ante oer New York City
IBIROIVWING ole WED RSet oes era pein tecee Ata ieeek sed Worcester, Mass.
BUCHANAN, EAA ec TR eee ee ie rane Ones Washington, D. C.
BULKELEY, ‘JOSEPH [RRS Et ct sk Aad eae 2) nea er ane New York City
PLUME US. Dinan (Cen cate oneadscanuecaeoomeeoodcoc ano adc New York City
BURDEIGE GHORGEIW i. cfee srs seta eyr ee seep emer New York City
ORIN RAIN TI EUIN Aero caret eee) = eacke age ori egsre Maus icy case ole Boston, Mass.
12) Of PARDTOUIN |S eyNISQ1M Dy Dy or toia a aoe amet os craiboikueas M6voa.e000 Deephaven, Minn.
CABO AC BUART See stato) seectetousnae dee -ey rere -erake cree Boston, Mass.
GAB OME WAR ae corse os tee a eae eta eect oes aeons ep-eetancRantierste Boston, Mass.
CAESAR, ETS EOIN ROVE HAS ey one ae ed oe eee en aelices New York City
CAMMANN, POAIEWAR ENE oh 9. Sauce eee ae eee New York City
@ARE VY CAR TEIO RAS oc tacictecre nus eric or-rste miracle tek eiatane Waltham, Mass.
(CHINA SCID Ay IN IORI Ganoe eden ccecses cndcedsoeoundocc New York City
CAVIESE DW ARID fo hades © se ees eterna ee oie ecekeenet ol ates New York City
GHANVIPOMEION, CAINDIRE Se soenor cores recmerceeracte er New York City
CHANLER, JOHN ARMISTRONG:-:. . 2.520.202 525-4-- .. Cobham) Wak
CHIANG We Else oceis ne ice gee tttes «es raire Leominster, Mass.
CHAUNCEY, CECARISH SA ase ion een nto ica Philadelphia, Pa.
(CG) PRIS IMGCS IDs ead wacom ccm orobua ewan poMomonoco ops oO Philadelphia, Pa.
(GCITIMADIN DS EV AVARIN@ eS 3 5, gaaseodsuomsnouooano oc aatHh QOn Boston, Mass.
COATES WITETAM. Mite Gch hte ees eee lero Philadelphia, Pa.
COE BIN We ae csi tocar cise ore mhearernauter enna near drei keke New York City
C@IMEUN S: SPA NEBURS cB. devo ers ea etagctas checipoke crnetcnaraters oor Pittsburg, Pa.
GONVIERSE. JOIN Hise. Shc. eer ere eae. Philadelphia, Pa.

COOEMD GE WENO Dp ascsa eee. 6 aces hewn se ceits see boston, Mass:

(E@ OIE NW Gilera ee A Soa ie Muse dncns fees Boston, Mass.
(OX) OVEN GMT VAINVIFAGIN earner crn aie secs cacte aise slo @ Aree Sats cnet Philadelphia, Pa.
(CAROLINE, JAMIL JES EH RET es sey SSI Rn is Sec eR Re ai et Stamford, Conn.
CRO SBN eve AUINS Flee Se. os. ise ee als fieceknuehes ve Rhinebeck, N. Y.
TD AVIEMEOINE Re Ore leer ymin incaic she aio aie situ. malerae aire soos Boston, Mass.
IDVAINNEIEIESS) «IDS TEES os Gece Soci ces rire thc ee ae Worcester, Mass.
DAW VAS eats INV EAVRUD Ie <2. sere serie Heraeus Am, oe scree Hale) ee eee ee VOrcester Mass.
TNA ATISS A ESE Et (Oe ae ae een Philadelphia, Pa.
DY) EDI aD NEL ED Red L200 Ba te ee ee New York City
DIDTUB Veal © GRAV DIE NG a fee ei. a aad choeie acre ae aeiticss New York City
HTB) Vaya PURE ACN ETS AAR ae trey or niorectiy siete eacicsile seine one: Worcester, Mass.
DAA Yea GS ORG Eo ee re eine a icy ae eae eran: Worcester, Mass.
IDIRG IEE, INRSp 1 Boe cre site ies et homing ean) RA eR a ete New York City
ITB ITURSHINES SpA tae ays ovraceterarcceustewere mitper ess xtra te aha Gia easier etn ings eer aye New York City
DVI ONE EWAN PADOIN ic oses. oo Saelcd as Seels na were eae aes Philadelphia, Pa.
DKOOUENE, INON GUNES Dicuss ae taser eet eer ee rns ei eb Salt Lake City, Utah
TD AMICON “WWI Ee IF BANINE G 2 era eats ern cone are ome acer oe oe New York City
TSE GEES RaW IAD ites 3. cs tod c Soave hd ae erat Gals ads ere eee New York City
ID WAG IBID. “Tes Ronike CALs See vente stetene a aire ear ererchn ete) © Saas rae Lawrence, Kansas
AMON an AUN CLS 7G: Pcie comand Siac naan smoke Hee ee es St. Louis, Mo.
PAU @ Nel OWN VEAIRE Dee ete Ios eects, cee ere eet ine cee Wolf, Wyoming
AFEMTB) AVA AMERATD) SS Sais ae Neri etary ey Site, onc cttac atau as SS, oar ve ha Per aachtas eaters Albany, N. Y.
IBILIROIDE, Esrtope, WONG RO INE ge Petes a aca on eel ues wanna oe Missoula, Mont.
NIE S ONG pe Aca PACING ESTE WV. care cece © ond Garg fea econ nies a Boston, Mass.
HS mI AWI ©) I Nera saree nakncnrrscesti Cusan Shtcs eras apcta ines ofedeeanece eeqeceie eae Boston, Mass.
ASAD LNT Sop eae Arn ares tre vanes a onc cone ai exe nt Haag eo ene toner ons oct Boston, Mass.
EVEAUN SSE EMROIR TRe4, encA da gana A Hehe sere tia tie eee een Everett, Mass.
TREN pCR eID res) (Oneal St Pete eG esis et pen, aie ne tr fy based acts t reo Worcester, Mass. |
TRANNY, NIN IID ODS titers AR Data Uo nn nee Eee EN eee Southboro, Mass.
IMTS TEMG Rema Ss Geet ee ee ae eh gaa etches ALS cama a tekaber SI eoua ca resect Chicago, IIl.
IRIMIVAG AR Re-ILAD)S ADI SIM KONE Dee Semen ea ee as Geb egucead ofeos Boston, Mass
EL ORABIES ee Ads XeAUN DIO Rae acu eas oieteteiesatens 6 vin 1c eee een Milton, Mass.
TRIP BIER DANS IMIS) (SAU PURI By Dis canto lo 5 6 Go ecko eerolomc mers aimed Boston, Mass.
TERRE IN(CHEE Ese] See SROs «Net ate eos ae en eae eee ar Davenport, Iowa
(GANG SED) ese @ INURE ase ones. eee chcie @ oe ec ce asl eto s Haro Worcester, Mass.
(GANG aa Se saree es reese yy sasha om vc teuere arta ob arene Inv oemtoe shies Worcester, Mass.
CONE DIN EIRE ID ke IID) /ANI 22] BS Cates ae hinas aes olniaiainicccra ono cau Boston, Mass.
CG AUR Rare aT ONIN gS iaes cc ustnectuees Sia ciieag Gis dete teate ackaintenctett New York City
(SYD AC ERA BD ere PI ag oR le er pe eee ae Chicago, Ill.
GERI VVeAUIE IETS Raw anes tet vss aha cic sioitapettaciersincc-ramiecs costae New York City
(GEER aI lie VV eA ROR ono ete veaewee eet ies se enmclenctarehs New York City
GEBSOINGIMissrMRATR Ve Ke oo heiaisi srereueiay sieves sient vacate yescreice Philadelphia, Pa.
GOODEEREEOW, Miss PEOREN CEG. ici... otc see sean see New York City
GReAIN AIPAC INS cyeccs ato clave eis s/o tae: ec ectieke oy sususitye 2 estiaye or New York City
GIRIBIBIN, SyAIMMONBIE: SNWOEMEIE Ss An cinoncciocnaeedeaG en oomec Worcester, Mass.
(GERI@ MIRA GK Gere ee eta ay pee ace ance eg een eee ta Buttalo, Na ¥%
ASW AGT Te DAVIN TUTE Kerner nsierare Sine siete nich «seg ee sisi onbovancmepanneans nei New York City
ISUAIADIRAMES WOU DIVAN IRAORSSIBI EI eae ceandoede nor ceoneD Hoos Boston, Mass.
TEAR BSI ESKODIN AWS iS AWE ate cha oho p picts. Cecio io acto a CuCrO ATCT SO cena Pittsburg, Pa.
IBUNIRUNISISUPIOGIBIRS IRIBUMLMLIN Eo oh uc ccs send canoe odoecenr New York City
IBUAIRINLIBNS, dibs, IRON W INR DS ee odaoomanen sonne coupe boeuocdT Pittsburg, Pa.
EPARCGICEAY +, Warso NWA RICHIE Sxc8.0 creed ene cs eas enles New York City
PAURIRATINT Gals ON aay OUEUING WWieers oer.) otoeie ce cpa iberer= its cvs ciereue Worcester, Mass.
IBEAIRIRONNVABIEC, ID IDVAWIIDES sapiseccuooctseckoapocrocss Worcester, Mass.
ITEC WTAE eV 4. ole Srueceiane ae yeveases ta alstees erenernr seselee auctis s exsic iste tus Seeeares Buttalo, Nowy.
EE GIGS GEDA Son ahs SM olga rsears teak eins Siew evs eee ete ha alain New York City
LS LISSIN(I RENE, fa pele Goes Garo dh a kn aerate ike Pee REL Ieincoln, IN: EH:
EDN SHOWN 0) @ RUIN peste setae Pou terrae oasis it ee ele Providence, R. I.
IBDN SILANE SIDAINIDIENS apna dupmenso one oop amasanaanos Greenville, Miss.
EER S GEL Gia MIUNS <4 42 ca oate. c= 22 cs schema cee are New York City

LEWES eA DIN © DI SGnI Gani oritibg muociats nlvols cao Biamd on pom. omin.so.4 ve Boston, Mass.

HODGE Prot; GEUBTON MEE jacce oer ccise coer Worcester, Mass.
HOOPRPRs Prot WIR AINIKUSIN Wit arnciee sieecce inter Brooklyn, N. Y.
ELORINVAIDIAS2 SD i eWANTEIG LAIN aitein sa nee teerecs ate eeu raeter New York City
SIOLU(EIREROING CHa BIMITINAP “Sion cab aaapnemppoobcsooan odande c Boston, Mass.
HUBBARD: see Tae is NaN orctolhcntironiore tire cee center Boston, Mass.
ERIE, ERIE VRE os estore nein ence oreevene ee vam crtoo re seer Pittsburg, Pa
FELON aR: GBB R AT: NN ice ey en nie reg oko ea paras oot tacecs eee ae Chicago, Ill.
TBROMEG ISHN SON, “(CIRVAIRIDIB SSI, awocasob acon essoccdmeposnnood Chicago, Ill.
FUER GEMNS ONSAOEEN GPA sakes aceon eemenae Georgetown, N. J.
[LN AID IB pss ay CIM KONO RG | eee One Oe ren nA mane cae Shs ianleta/ oc New York City
TSS EAN VIR IMs Sam Re CaINicte aay cecy sterakseses, ercesees rat oma ae cacti career cee ara Chicago, Ill.
AANA SSS V0 Be Crone se a AC ei cc oes Beer Dees Bde OR BA Oar is ct Boston, Mass.
JANCIRSOING IPO, IROIBIFIRAL IEG ood conden ca oneuonoocusO ae Cambridge, Mass.
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KIN ED VATE TAT ASI ee aioe crac ave ee oe eRe ie ee Chicago, IIl.
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TRACED OI AaB IR WAUN fats accaeeonrs Seen re maine aerdae ater one Chicago, IIl.
TAN VIRIEGN Gas SAUN IONE ek Ges weenie tae ico aimeaeee Medford, Mass.
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TEOINIG EU AMIRER Wes as ot tievanaycvenctte sot ee ache ceeera een aete ant eh Sera Boston, Mass
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MIORS ES Miss) HRIAINGE SUR aancterc cae tae rststene teneveredersucactetemersrerele Boston, Mass.
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PARKER Gen; DAINGERFIELD, U. S. A............Washington;, D. C.
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IRORMEIBIR IDie; (CIAWAIRIEIRS aoe ain oe © ene mconins nee ae Boston, Mass.
“PIR OKCINOURe, eleva RISIDIRINMILIDES nes oynee nema de made e ooo menor Proctor. Vit.
VEAP ECAR ZAIRE ee, ARGV AN a ea ta Wee ee AU ete ne ge ee New York City
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SSIVETEI EIS 08h, INA ate Bie Gen nO actin Nee eee cise eat aCe eet ere Oakland, ‘Galt
SIMMEIREL. JECAURI RAY S\N Hen et ELC Geral o creer Gleuchae cored mcrae Worcester, Mass.
SVR pra fo te NWT Es Vt sae gtd utes a8 vai ao spate eso cysitever oete New York City
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SIMBIIRIEIE, NN TSU EIN GSCI i ea eer cet iein ce ieee eter tert merci Caen Philadelphia, Pa.
SI/AMUILIDIONG: TOIUNE liawedecepemors ane cmdacanon es Riu ae Boston, Mass.
SiPYAWILA BION (Ce RC EIR Sk saree ara ee arr nen Binnie Sima ORUAr T Chicago, III.
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SABENA NGS nn @ TEN Gave eee etre tee cue entiat ae Dee trecls New York City
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SWAIN IMGICg, IEG oa et ee Gea oo eis mero miit oot aan oc New York City
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TAYLOR, Lt. Commander M. M., U. S.N..............Boston Navy Yard
AAS VAG OR UasR ae terse ees Ree Renate RACE Se serrate sean Eraenrereicye oisusie a Worcester, Mass.
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VANENORDEN, THEODORE WAN GDOINGs:s5-1-54-0426 New York City
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WERNER SEU ANR@ Ie Di Rape visa caer erm ea cra aor . Lake Forest, Ill.
NAFATRURIEGIN IES SOA CIN GUI FET ee eles cto Se ncctete rcuchiohicloveke Mec cohererenn yehereneteyers Boston, Mass.
WAS EIB UIRIN SRE GUN Ale ID See sere cm cebtoc cis tate een Worcester, Mass.
AVA 75 0 BD tl Se NTA OA GO es re Re rere ee, een oi Pittsburg, Pa.
WAPEIES SG BORG RAW eis re era eas Southbridge, Mass.
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Wir sf OEMN MAYS. Jr nos del svoce cere nocispamicie ne a atin New York City
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WAITED TRO ING ae tne cece erste cyseaiie asthe erates Sie Whitinsville, Mass.
WRG UN Gas EIUNIGA Se sss cahece sas c.certiag sta sony eieiiel: Lowell, Mass.
WEAN STi tar Naperaceensecronaceac arsed, tectokstonatenaieetsnelae terete Worcester, Mass.
WaT TAPAS (GTA oat ee SG cca csliobebe os tauee een ae ele New York City
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WiO OWA Sir Hos Eisciieem cusecasrs ayes ciel we were aera: Worcester, Mass.
WRIGHT, WILLIAM REDWOOD....:..-..c2ss4.2--..-.Eniladelphta, sa:
Vi@OING Ome Oh Satan to torneo meets ioe eadeloeey Atestie aneue imc ieeeetens New York City
FAO OM DDO UAINEN S IMUNSOINIS WWhtronachad osc du ccma pb odncce Philadelphia, Pa.
*Deceased.

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LEADEA DIS MMuling, JURUAIN CUS ogoo an ope ees secede soner Arlington Heights, Mass.
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‘JONVA NOSIA IVWNOILLYN WNVLNOW NI GNOd YaLVMHSAad

soins oS fe sent n os ee Poe
ee ‘

SECOND
MNNUAL REPORT

OF THE

AMERICAN BISON
SOCIETY

OBJECT :
THE PERMANENT PRESERVATION AND INCREASE OF
THE AMERICAN BISON

1908-1909

PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY
1909

"4 i ipes

Copyricur 1909
BY
THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY

CONTENTS.

@PETCER SE OF TUEUE a9 O OME Looe ooo eee ee access Eee en 8 ose ee ses saeeeeeee so eee wae VII
IBBOARDMOF IWAN AGERS..--.------2-- 2-2-2. aE ae ee Pe Pa ee VII
VEPORINOE ME, PRESIDENT 2. --22-2222-c---ccceececwseeewceeeee eo eee aee een: W. T. Hornaday 1
SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE Monrana Bison FUND............-.........-- W.T. Hornapay 19
3 y DH EY OF Ya Wer(G OU BU S19 D}R | Gl 211 04 09-1 ce ey ore eee Ernest Harotp Baynes 43
AIRED MEANS NT: UP AcT: Pe VEEN STEN) mee eens ee A ee ede ase ee erases sade ceueeee a sesees 65
BUR SAS URI Se LUE @ Bile wee ose Seer eee ee Uo ee Crark Witttams 69
OAR DIOR: WWEAINGA GER Si IMI ENTEN Goce. ots cn coe oe eee er ee ee ees see aeons eeeeeteacst acess 70
COSNGS STAT COTO ene ae eae soe pea Wise FS eae ne Ste ce nes wee ncresetes 71

Tor a IRI VITESINTIRISTRS oe - 2 ee See Oe ea ee eee one cece ecco

ILLUSTRATIONS.

FRESHWATER Ponn, Montana Bison RANGE............2-.-2--22:-2-0-200--eeeeeeeee Frontispiece
GRAZING Grounp; WONTANA, “BISON [RUA NGE scccoccccscocc cee co eeccsees sa soecc eevee seeesessessseeeuees VIII
SENATOR OSE Pia: Mile TX OINj soe ee Ue At nS ae ee 3
IMETSSTON: (CREEK, IMIOINTANUAS STSOIN; [RANGE ooo cccececoeoccece eo ocee scene ee roe ee see eeee eee 6
ASPEN GRovE, Mission CREEK, MonTANA Bison RANGE................22---------------0--- 10
Mission CREEK, NORTH SIDE OF MONTANA BISON RANGE..............---0-----2---000-0--0-=+ 14.
Wicuitra NationaL Bison HERD ON ITS RANGE.............2.222.2222--eceeeeeneneeeeeeceeeeeeeees 18
IANTAR? VATLEN,,, VETTOWSEONE, INUATOIGAI: ge AR Kee soe ne ee 44
GOVERNMENT BUFFALO ElERD, ToAnAR VATE Y.2. 25-2222 2e2ee nc cence ee cesepceneeeeese 45
GOVERNMENT) BUFFALO PlerD, WAMAR. VAGUE Y¢. 22 <---:-2c-secs-cesee- cee --ceeeseoeee sees ese 46
Burrato Cow, From THE (CONRAD [MISTATE! 222s ee eee te eee ee 48
BUFFALO) BULL, “KALISPELL (CHER, ? CoNnRAD JHSTATE! 22. -2-2c----2ee cee seeee--<nesee soe 49
IPARTOeB UERATO MEW ERD Se oe a a ee Oe ee cee Se te ee 50
JAGNITET OPEV STAACN iD Gr AT) 5 AK TP oD ACAI Soe ae ces Sees e cee ce ae seco eens eens ase eee 52
BURKAT ON @AtR ACN TET OPE: STAN esse a costae sect ee ee cca re Neca Nes cae ote 53
GOODNIGHT BEAT ON Le RD en oe en Se Saas sere 54
GROUPR OF Gis TAT Oe eg as ee OU Se a ea ene es ee oe Se
N OAT Brg BU SIM BSL aR 91 0-00) Offs eee ee ae RR aS op 58
TEAMS OR ORATION SEE RS a oeeco coors ce eae sae eee ace Pe cee a nen ee ere eee enna 61
ENTRANCE TO WicHita NATIONAL BISON RANGE.......--------0--:ccececssceceeeeeseeeeeeneeee= 65
BREEDER MAR ORG NOR DED CACO RTO Ae cee cee ens a ee a ae noes eeeeee 66

RELIEFOMAP OF NORTH (AuRER TCAs: soccer ne ea ere eee ee eee eee 67

OFFICERS OF
THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY

1908-1909

OFFICERS
Hon. President, Hon. THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
Hon. Vice-President, His Excellency KARI GREY.
President, WILLIAM T. HORNADAY.
{ FREDERIC H. KENNARD.
LA. A. ANDERSON.
Secretary, ERNEST HAROLD BAYNES.
Treasurer, CLARK WILLIAMS.

Vice-Presidents,

BOARD OF MANAGERS

UN PaeeN ote AGING) ARIE SS (ODN eee cee ce cree ne oe ee re 80 West 40th Street, New York
HRNESIMEAAROLD BAY NIRS. 23 “Sunset Ridge,” Meriden, N. H.
Drs H.C. BUMPUS=!...2.--.. eee eee. American Museum of Natural History

Dr. CHARLES B. DAVENPORT,
Biological Station, Carnegie Institution, Cold Spring Harbor, L. I.

Prof. MORTON J. ELROD.................... University of Montana, Missoula, Mont.
NEADS ON: (GRAIN Us eet New York Zoological Society, 11 Wall Street
Prot. ECA KIN SW). OO RI. =... Brooklyn Institute Arts and Sciences
Dee Wel Te EAU ICP ET OEUIN GAVIA Yio o2222 oes oe seas caeceteee se New York Zoological Park
Cc sl FONT ih a Se ae ee ere eae Topeka, Kansas
DreDAV ID STARR JORDAN --_....7.:--: Leland Stanford University, California
PREDERIC He. KENNAR D202 peli seane 220 Devonshire Street, Boston
EREDERIC A.LUCAS............ Museum Brooklyn Institute Arts and Sciences
Prot, HENRY EF. OSBORN-......4 American Museum of Nat. Hist., N. Y. City
Dre De ela MU eee ee ere te Biological Survey, Washington, D. C.
Commander) ROBERT I. PH ARCY, Ul) SiuN.2 2 2222 Washington, D. C.
A. BOWEN PERRY-........ Comr. Royal N. W. Mounted Police, Regina, Canada
SO UEUING AN ees UIE TU Se ee oe rete eos ese ecene a 2927 Jane Street, Pittsburg, Pa.
GIFFORD PINCHOT.=— = Forester, U. S. Forest Service, Washington, D. C.
1 EY) INYO NYG) B Sans Dyan i KO) Op ea ee Se eae ere ee 45 Wall Street, New York
JE EIN) BURR SC ANUBIS eee eee Worcester, Mass.
CH STONE BRIDGE === 148th Street and Third Avenue, New York City
TY Gray, DEPZATRIVANS 1 Ge 0 SWANN CI Oh) ee eres Bee SD Lee eet ae EM Boston, Mass.
FLO) Gi afd peel BS a NOS GY vee eee 50 State Street, Boston, Mass.

WILLIAM LYMAN UNDERWOOD....Mass. Inst. Technology, Boston, Mass.
Hon. J. S. WHIPPLE, N. Y. State Forest, Fish & Game Comr., Albany, N. Y.
CRAR KK Wa PAM SS 22 Sup’t of Banks, State of New York, 52 Broadway
Prof. CALVIN M. WOODWARD....._.... Washington University, St. Louis, Mo.

‘weiiaw WeH “O “Aq Aq Yydeasojoyd
“AONVY NOSIA VNVLNOW ‘YaLTSHS GAGOOM GNV SGNNOYSD ONIZVAS

REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT ON THE
FOUNDING OF THE MONTANA NATIONAL
BISON HERD.

le is a great satisfaction to be able to report the found-
ing of the Montana Bison Herd as a practically-accom-
plished fact. The details remaining to complete the task
are merely matters of routine, the cost of which is fully
provided for, and before this Society issues another annual
report, the finishing touches to the work will have been
given. Asa compensation for labor performed, we have
the privilege of writing this history.

I. THe Bison RANGE IN CONGRESS.

It will be remembered that at the first annual meeting
of the Bison Society, in January, 1907, the president called
attention to the impending opening to settlement of the
Flathead Indian Reservation, and stated that the time
seemed auspicious for the founding of a national bison
herd somewhere in that area. He requested authority and
funds for the making of a careful examination of the
Flathead Reservation, by Professor Morton J. Elrod, with
a full report on conditions, and a recommendation regard-
ing the range most suitable for a national herd. The au-
thority and the appropriation were both granted, and ac-
tive work immediately began.

In January, 1908, Professor Elrod’s report was re-
ceived, and as soon as possible thereafter was printed in
full in the first annual report of the Society. It recom-
mended a site at Ravalli, consisting of a minimum of 20
square miles, and a maximum ideal range of 28 square
miles. The area selected contained fine grazing grounds,
well supplied with grass, water and shelter, on which a
bison herd could be self-supporting all the vear round.

The success achieved by the New York Zoological
Society in the founding of the Wichita National Bison
Herd seemed to point out the w ay by which a similar result
might be secured in Montana. Congress had been found
quickly responsive to a proposal that private individuals

I

should join the national government in a measure intended
to preserve the bison for a long period. It was proposed
that a similar plan should be formulated for the founding
of a national herd in Montana, and the necessary authority
to act was given to the president.

In view of all circumstances, including a certain amount
of criticism that has been aimed at Congr ess on account of
the American bison, we deem it of interest to the public
that a brief statement regarding the real attitude of Con-
gress toward the bison should here be recorded.

In the belief that Congress would receive with serious
attention a proposition of reasonable proportions, based on
good business principles and common sense, a plan was
formulated. It proposed that the national government
should furnish a satisfactory bison range, and that the
Bison Society should, at its own expense, provide a nucleus
herd of pure-blood bison, and present it to the government
as soon as the range could be made ready to receive it. It
seemed to be the duty of the American people to do some-
thing more for the preservation of the bison than merely
to exhort Congress to spend money, and bear the entire
burden.

Although no time had been wasted, it was late in the
second session of the 60th Congress that the Society’s pro-
posal was finally ready for presentation. On March 2nd,
1908, the president of the Society went to Washington to
secure the introduction of a bill, and open the campaign.
A careful study of the situation finally led to the conclu-
sion that success could best be achieved by Senator Joseph
M. Dixon, of Montana, and through a bill introduced and
first reported upon in the Senate.

The lateness of the beginning constituted a serious
handicap for that session of Congress; but at the end of a
prolonged interview Senator Dixon announced his readi-
ness to draw a bill, introduce it, and take charge of the cam-
paign necessary in its behalf. His original bill, (Senate
No. 6159), was introduced on March 16th, 1908, and re-
ferred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, of which Sen-
ator Dixon was Chairman.

In view of the fact that the Appraisement Commission,
then fixing values on the lands of the Flathead Reserva-
tion, would not report until late in the year 1908, it was

2

quite impossible for anyone to know at that time how much
the lands desired for the bison r ange would cost. In order
to be well within bounds, Senator Dixon asked in his bill
for $30,000 with which to purchase the minimum area,
(twenty square miles), and for $10,000 with which to erect
around it a wire fence suitable to hold bison.

The full text of the original bill is as follows:—

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled, that the President is
hereby directed to reserve and except from the unalloted lands now
embraced within the Flathead Indian Reservation, in the State of Mon-
tana, not to exceed twelve thousand eight hundred acres of said lands,
near the confluence of the Pend d’Oreille and Jocko rivers, for a per-
manent national bison range for the herd of bison to be presented by
the American Bison Society.

See. 2. That there is hereby appropriated, out of any money in
the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of thirty thousand
dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, to pay the confederated
tribes of the Flathead, Koote nai, and Upper Pend dOreille, and such
other Indians and persons holding tribal relations or may rightfully
belong on said Flathead Indian Reserv ation the appraised value of said
lands as shall be fixed and determined under the provisions of the Act
of Congress approved April twenty-third, nineteen hundred and four,
entitled “An Act for the survey and allotment of lands now embraced
within the limits of the Flathead Indian Reservation, in the State of
Montana, and the sale and disposal of all surplus lands after allot-
ment.”

Sec. 3. That the Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized
and directed to inclose said lands with a good and substantial fence
and to erect thereon the necessary sheds and buildings for the proper
care and maintenance of the said bison; and there is hereby appro-
priated therefor, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise ap-
propriated, the sum of ten thousand dollars or so much thereof as may
be necessary.

On April 6th the bill was favorably reported to the
Senate, and attached to the Committee’s report as exhibits,
were letters from Kdmund H. Seymour and William T.
Hornaday, and the entire matter of the Bison Society’s
first annual report, except the illustrations. The full text
of the Committee’s report on the bill is as follows:

The Committee on Indian Affairs, having had under consideration
the bill (S. 6159) providing for the establishment of a national bison

range, report the same back with the recommendation that it do pass,
with amendments.

For many years it has been a matter of much concern to citizens
of this country that no systematic effort has been made to preserve

4

from final extinction the last remnant of the American buffaloes. The
national movement for their permanent preservation on a national buf-
falo range began in June, 1904. In December, 1905, a meeting was
held in New York City, at which was organized the American Bison
Society, for the express purpose of devising ways and means for the
establishment of a national bison range somewhere in the Northwest
which might be set apart for the preservation, by the Government, of a
herd of buffalo under the care and control of the National Government.
In this movement many distinguished and patriotic citizens have
enlisted, and it is through the efforts of these gentlemen that a thor-
ough investigation has been made of the number of buffalo yet re-
maining and some intelligent efforts put forth to find a suitable loca-
tion for the permanent preservation of this historic animal. The rapid
settlement of the public range lands of the Western States, which was
the native habitat of the buffalo, has made it difficult to point out any
specific location where sufficient land could be secured for the purpose
without interfering with the settlement of the country. A year ago an
agent of the American Bison Society was authorized to make a thor-
ough investigation of all of the proposed sites where it was possible to
establish a permanent range in accordance with the wishes of the
society. Special attention was called to the Flathead Indian Reser-
vation, in western Montana, on account of the fact that the great Pablo-
Allard bison herd had grown up on that reservation, from 30 animals
to a total of 639 head, not counting between 200 and 300 head previ-
ously sold. The history of that herd has amply demonstrated the fact
that bison suitably located on the Flathead Reservation could live all
the year round by grazing, and without being fed on hay.

Unfortunately, the society came into existence just one year too
late to prevent the sale and the removal to Canada of the Pablo-
Allard herd, the Canadian government having two years ago, at an
expense of about $200,000, purchased and transported the Pablo-
Allard herd to northwestern Canada. The Flathead Reservation is to
be opened next year under the act of Congress passed April 28,
1904, and if anything is to be done toward securing the proposed range
on that reservation, which has been visited and recommended by the
agents of the American Bison Society, it must be done at the present
session of Congress, as the lands will be no longer available after they
are thrown open to settlement.

The American Bison Society have agreed to purchase at their own
expense sufficient buffalo as a nucleus for the proposed herd, provided
the Government will secure the land and fence the same. Prof. M. J.
Elrod, of the University of Montana, who was detailed to make the
examination of the proposed location, has strongly recommended the
site on the Flathead Reservation, as set forth in the bill. The lands
therein described are a part of the old range that was formerly occu-
pied by the Pablo-Allard herd, before its purchase by the Canadian
government, and the fact that the buffalo thrived and increased on this
range to such a wonderful extent leads the committee to believe that if
any place is selected that these lands are especialiy adapted for the
purpose. The bill calls for an appropriation of only $30,000 for the

-

v

‘WedaWw WEY OS uq Aq ydeisojoyg
‘ADNVU NOSIA VNVLNOW AO AYVGONNOU NYAHLYON ‘WAINO NOISSIW

es
PY eteeats eS EE, 2

purchase of the land and $10,000 additional for fencing the same and
the construction of sheds. The committee is of the belief that the case
is an urgent one and that the amount of money called for is a mere
bagatelle in comparison with the great object that can be achieved by
the proposed legislation. It is estimated by competent authority that
the lands in question will ultimately be able to support 1,000 head of
buffalo, and that owing to the climatic conditions there prevailing the
animals can thrive and live through the winter off of the natural grasses
that grow on these lands without the expense of feeding hay, as is the
case with nearly every other buffalo range that is in private ownership.

The committee believes that no more meritorious measure has been
presented during the present session of Congress, and are unanimous in
the recommendation that the bill pass.

Senator Dixon’s bill was passed by the Senate on April
15th, 1908.

About this time, all the members of the Bison Society’s
Board of Managers were requested to do their utmost, by
correspondence with their friends in Congress, in support
of the bison measure, and in this effort it is known that the
following managers actively participated:—Edmund Sey-
mour, Prof. Franklin W. Hooper, Prof. C. M. Wood-
ward, Harry W. Smith, F. H. Kennard and Madison
Grant.

The president of the Society addressed many com-
munications to members of both the Senate and House of
Representatives, setting forth the Society’s proposal and
pledge, and soliciting support. |

It is no exaggeration to state that the Society's over-
tures were received by Congress in a friendly, and even
cordial, spirit. Many Senators and Members of the
House immediately announced their approval of the meas-
ure, and many more promised for it their serious attention.
No effort ever was made to reduce the amount of the ap-
propriation asked for; and no effort was made to bind the
Bison Society by a formal agreement regarding the nu-
cleus herd. Indeed, the Society was not even required to
name the number of bison that the nucleus herd should
contain, but the president freely stated our intention that
the herd should contain “at least forty head of pure-blood
animals, one-half of which should be females.”

In view of the alarmingly late date on which Senator
Dixon’s bill passed the Senate, it seemed hopeless to ex-
pect the measure to reach the House calendar, and actually

ld
‘

come up in that body for final passage, before the end of
the session. At the same time, the impending opening of
the Flathead Reservation lands for sale at stated prices
per acre, rendered immediate action absolutely imperative.
The purchase of any portion of the range lands by private
individuals, or corporations, would assuredly block the en-
tire undertaking, and it was clearly impossible to have the
matter wait over for another session of Congress.

By reason of this urgency Senator Dixon and _ his
friends decided to attach the bison measure to the Agricul-
tural Appropriation bill, as a Senate Amendment, which,
with the consent of the Secretary of Agriculture, Hon.
James Wilson, was done. ‘Through this action, the fate
of the bison proposal was placed in the hands of the Con-
ference Committee on the Agricultural bill. If the House
conferees accepted it, its success was assured: but if two of
them firmly opposed it, its failure for that session was
equally certain.

The three conferees on the part of the House were Rep-
resentatives Charles I. Scott (Kansas), Chairman: Gil-
bert N. Haugen (Iowa), and John Lamb (Virginia). In
view of the very evident responsibility resting upon them,
those three gentlemen went into the merits of the bison
measure carefully and thoroughly. Before reaching a
conclusion they obtained the views of President Roosevelt,
which we know were favorable to the cause.

Ultimately, the House Conferees unanimously agreed
to accept the bison amendment, without alteration, and of
this decision we were promptly and graciously informed by
Chairman Scott. It is not known by the Society to what
extent Speaker Cannon aided the decision that was made
for the House; but in view of his keen interest in all pro-
posed new government establishments, either for or against
them, and of the interest that he took in the founding of
the National Zoological Park, at Washington, in 1889-90,
it is quite certain that the Montana National Bison Range
‘ame into existence with his entire approval.

The Agricultural Appropriation bill was signed by
President Roosevelt on May 23rd, 1908, and the good steel
pen with which the Montana National Bison Range was
brought into de facto existence, was forwarded to the presi-
dent of the Society as a souvenir of that important event.

8

The above unvarnished history of the Montana Na-
tional Bison Range in the 60th Congress is alone sufficient
to show the American people, both of the present and of
a hundred future generations, the extent to which they are
indebted to Senator Joseph M. Dixon, his colleagues in the
Senate, and to Representatives Scott, Haugen and Lamb
for the celerity with which the bison measure was put
through Congress, and enacted into law. It was done
with the same briskness and precision with which the best-
managed business corporation takes up and acts upon an
important matter when the urgency for action is very
great.

II. THe Raitsine oF THE Bison-HERD FUND.

The final passage by Congress of the Bison-Range
Act rendered the next duty of the Bison Society both clear
and imperative. No conferences were necessary in order
to determine that some one must immediately set about
the very serious business of raising, by special subscription,
a sum with which to purchase the nucleus herd of bison that
ina few months would actually be due from the Society to
the national government.

There seemed to be but one sum open to consideration ;
and that was $10,000. Not a moment was lost in calling
for that amount. In view of the extent of public interest
in the future of the bison, it seemed desirable to give the
eall a national character, and afford the citizens of every
state and territory a chance to subscribe, 11 sums ranging
from one dollar upward. It was regarded as far more
desirable to receive the fund in a large number of smal!
subscriptions than in a few large ones only.

By means of a circular letter each member of the Board
of Managers was asked to procure subscriptions amount-
ing to at least $100. The other members of the Bison
Society were asked to subscribe, and to secure other sub-
scriptions, amounting to a total of at least $10 for each
member. Many promptly responded to this call, and
some remitted funds far in excess of the ten-dollar limit.
The list of subseriptions published herewith shows the ad-
mirable manner in which our members responded to the
hard and unromantic call for funds in the heat of muid-
summer. In the printed list of subscriptions an asterisk

9

“Wea W Wey OD Aq Aq Yydeusojoyd
‘JONVA NOSIA VNV.LNOW YANYOO NYXLSVAHLYUON “MAINO NOISSIW NO SJAOND NAdSV

is placed in front of the name of each member of 1907-8,
and the amount of the subscription secured by different
individuals is also shown.

In the belief that some of the mayors of some of our
American cities having over 30,000 population would take
an interest in the founding of the Montana Bison Herd,
if invited to do so, the president of the Society wrote an
urgent individual letter to each one of the mayors of 150
cities containing 80,000 inhabitants, or above, excepting
only those of New York and Boston. The officials ad-
dressed were asked to take such steps as might be neces-
sary to cause subscriptions to be collected in their respec-
tive cities. There was no result.

SUMMARY OF SUBSCRIPTIONS BY STATES.

SFR ON OTS ES ies RS oe a, Sm Re $5,213.00
IMIAISS A ChiTTSE EEG earns ee ete ee ts ae ee ye 2,320.00
INININIVE SO Fageree ne eee te hs ee ee ee De ee 1,054.00
HEXETNING Wally; AIM Ch pect shes eee ree neon cee ee we ce es ead eave ec ee 503.00
IMIOUM ENA area ee I ee ee BPs Sa eRe ee ae Boe oe ee ee 366.00
TURTON 177.50
DistrictrotiC olumbia= ke es ee ee 149.00
(CLOVMUDYEYCL BCID Uh ea 5 se RE pa as aE Re DS 97.00
NICER CES ee 92.00
(COPE oye ae ee eng ie ai RR a See SY ee ee Re 91.00
Bei Gch ee ee ee 8 Ae Son ee eee i Oe aE Ee 83.00
COME LOY Sap bs ws ae ea aT Aas eae ae pk A Ree eR eek 72.00
TWIGS EU a ce ra 53.00
ING Wael yy Site ieee comers crease ees eee Od. eevee. crass twee ensnseecacodeteeunce 53.00
(OPER MEU AVOSO OEE) eS ye ee a a oS A eee ee ey eee 4.8.00
ERO] Gms earn Cl es ae oe re ee ee NE ees Ses 39.10
ING ON EIS) Fh ee ea tc ee 32.00
1 ge LENG (0 I RE RR ee ee Cee 25.00
(COLO Oe eee a ee ee ae eee eee 15.00
BNSpWAO NCGS se a ee ae ee ee ee eee SEES 15.00
IES 131 Cl eae ee ea ee MR Re ee ee ees eee rae Phe 10.00
IN ea rsyel citn Chto ese cete oo ee roscoe cen -taseeteaeecensetectae sacs Sle Sok ener 8.00
NYY) OTT 60 0 ene eee a Ee Se epee ee 7.50
DBT EGN IND. aerate nce take eee ait eet: Aaa an au eee eka. SReee ee ee eee eee 6.90
VOCS SDN hss Se ek a 0 a 6.00
NAS HOP ATU Ge Oe te a Bs eee 5.00
JECT ADCO 6 eer Cerra 4.50
TN STS a a eR a arg ee ae ee 4.00
VCS oe aE Ba RE ee an error ren 4.00
SP AMMO MIM OUSsia 0 (ONON State” PVE) ae ace scee cee 2e eee ces ee cea aseeeecwcee ee -nennnn 3.00
Sorbian Geet OL TV aig ees ne ea ee eee ee eth ee Fe pe een 1.00
Ts ATES NW as re a a ree 1.00
BNE TS 1 COT Leta a eee rae a od A ee as octets ea eaves 1 00
TBRpra meses oen Hoy bie a) one. Pe eee a ee Se SS ee ea 1.00

A Roy ceri vt Sacsset Se gee nampa A RR = Be Ne ER eee $10,560.50

The campaign for subscriptions contained two surpris-
ing features: One was the failure of the West to contribute
becomingly, and the other was the splendid support that
the undertaking received from the women of America.
Notwithstanding the widespread interest taken by women
in the protection of birds, it was not expected (by the un-
dersigned) that the plan for the creation of a national
bison herd in Montana would strongly appeal to them.
The result has proven that he who thinks there is any
laudable public enterprise that does not interest the in-
teligent women of America, makes a great mistake.

The first subscription toward the creation of the Mon-
tana National Bison Herd was received (on May 26th),
from Mrs. Emma L. Mee, of Concord, Massachusetts, and
the amount was $5. The second largest sum raised by
subscription by any one person, outside of the President’s
office. was secured by another gentlewoman of the old
Bay State. arly in the campaign Mrs. Ezra R. Thayer,
of Boston, wrote in response to the circular call that she
would contribute, and raise by subscription, at least $400
for the bison fund. Mrs. Thayer’s efforts began without
delay, and even during the heat of midsummer were pur-
sued with unflageging industry. Finally, on November
30th, 1908, she remitted to the Society her own contribu-
tion of $200, which brought her total amount up to $510—
or one-twentieth of the whole amount necessary to pur-
chase the nucleus herd!

Mrs. Thayer's example was to the president of the
Society not only encouragement, but actual inspiration:
and it is respectfully commended to about 1,000,000 of
the men of America who shoot and fish, and who think
that they “take an interest” in wild life. In these days of
destruction, any man’s interest in wild life can be meas-
ured by the amount in cash, and in hours of labor, that
he annually expends in the promotion of measures for
wild-life protection. It is no longer sufficient to say. “Be
ve warmed, and fed,” and do nothing.

Altogether, 112 women contributed to the bison fund;
and their subscriptions reached a total of $1,227.00.

The newspapers and the sportsmen’s journals and
magazines were exceedingly helpful. At least fifty pub-
lications brought the Society’s undertaking prominently

12

before their readers, and published our call for subserip-
tions. The Forest and Stream and the Boston Transcript
each made a special effort to procure subscriptions, and
with substantial success.

Thus far only one newspaper, the Kansas City Jour-
nal, has published an ill-natured and spiteful article re-
garding the Society and its work; but four or five other
papers of minor importance published an identical “‘edi-
torial” setting forth quite prominently the amusing mis-
information that the Bison Society can not find any bison
to buy for the Montana herd, because the bison are all
gone, and there are none for sale! This would indeed be
“important—if true.”

In January, 1909, when the total subscriptions amount-
ed to but $6,750, and the end seemed far away, we received
two large subscriptions that put new life into the can-
vass. Mr. Charles E. Senff, of New York, subscribed
$1,000, and Mr. William P. Clyde raised his first subserip-
tion of $100 to $500. Shortly after this, Mr. W. P. Nor-
ton, of New York, resolved to lend a hand, and started a
list with a subseription of $100. In a remarkably short
time he secured $1,000, and at the same time Mr. G. Fred-
erick Norton raised $315 more. These weleome sums
brought the total up to $9,465, and then it was that an
appeal to Mr. Howard Elliott of St. Paul, Minnesota,
brought a subscription of $1,000. This generous sum,
with a few others, handsomely closed the campaign with
$10,560.50, or $560.50 more than the sum originally called
for.

Of course any extra amount that hereafter may be se-
cured will be accepted and expended in the purchase of
bison. If we were in possession of sufficient cash, the
Bison Society would gladly purchase and present to the
government 75 bison instead of 50.

In response to a suggestion from the president, Mr.
James J. Hill generously presented to the Society, for the
Montana herd, three pure-blood bison, which he will de-
liver at Ravalli whenever they are called for. Mr. Hill
also offered to present his herd of 8 cattaloes, three of
which contain only {th domestic blood; but owing to our
obligation to the government, to provide only pure-blooded
animals for the nucleus herd, we are unable to accept the
mixed-bloods. 13

“WIeLoWw WeYH “OD ‘Aq Aq ydessojoyd
"19jBM JO BJUINJOA BSuUIMOoYsS

‘AONVY NOSIA AO AGIS HLYON NO “MHANO NOISSIW

It will appear in the report of the secretary that Mr.
Baynes has secured promises of five pairs of bison as gifts.
These are to come from the C. E. Conrad Estate, the Blue
Mountain Forest Association (“Corbin herd”), John EK.
Dooly, James Philip, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles Good-
night.

With the fund of $10,560.50, now in the treasury, about
40 bison can be purchased, and with the 14 head of gift
bison a nucleus herd of over 50 head is now assured. Just
how much of our fund will need to be expended in trans-
portation charges on the gift bison, it is at present impos-
sible to say; but at all events, the Society must deliver its
gift upon the range, free of all freight charges and other
claims.

The president, Vice-President Kennard, and ‘Treasurer
Williams have been formally authorized and directed by
the Society to purchase the nucelus herd, and provide for
its delivery upon the range; and at the proper time this
duty will be performed. It is hoped that the range will
be ready for the delivery of the gift herd early in October
of the present year.

The full list of subscriptions is attached hereto, as a
part of this report. To the public-spirited men and
women,—and also boys and girls—who generously aided
in the accomplishment of this result, the Bison Society ten-
ders its grateful thanks, and the assurance of its profound
appreciation. For the use of the office facilities and the
clerical assistance genreously afforded by the New York
Zoological Society, the Bison Society also makes grateful
acknowledgment.

Ill. THe LAtEest DEVELOPMENTS.

The report of the Appraisement Commission acting
upon the salable lands of the Flathead Indian Reserva-
tion revealed the fact that the fund of $30,000 appropri-
ated by Congress for the purchase of 20 square miles of
grazing grounds for the Montana bison range is sufficient
to pay for the whole 28 square miles included in the orig-
inal “ideal range.” This fact immediately suggested the
desirability of securing the additional eight square miles
which lay within reach without any further appropriation
by Congress.

15

As a preliminary step on the part of the government,
toward the final selection and fencing of the range, 1t was
arranged in Washington that 8 officers, representing the
3 different bureaus concerned, should meet at Ravalhl, and
make a careful examination of the proposed bison range
and its environs. Accordingly, on October 28th, 1908,
there met at Ravalh the following officers:—Dr. C. Hart
Merriam, Chief of the Biological Survey, Department of
Agriculture; J. P. Martin, Engineer of the Forest Ser-
vice (Department of Agriculture), and F. X. Salzman,
Chairman of the Allotment Commission of the Indian
Bureau.

Mr. Martin, an engineer of the Forest Service, was
specially concerned in the fencing of the range, and studied
the situation from that point of view, while Dr. Merriam
considered the adaptability of the ground as a whole.

The whole area between the Jocko River and Mission
Creek was thoroughly inspected, and the party drove
twice completely around the proposed range on the boun-
daries proposed by the Bison Society, and spent sev eral
days in examining parts of the boundary requiring spe-
cial attention. Dr. Merriam took many excellent photo-
graphs, several of which are herewith reproduced, by per-
mission of the Secretary of Agriculture.

It was found that in view of the steep and rocky net
of the hills along the east and south sides it w ould be
difficult and expensive undertaking to run a fence on the
original lines of the 20-mile range, whereas, on account of
better conditions lower down a much larger area could be
fenced at considerably less cost. It was agreed by the
officers of the government that instead of prov riding a fence
only high enough to hold bison, the fence should ‘be made
88 inches high, ‘and ther eby render the range available for
elk and antelope.

By the unanimous agreement of all parties interested,
it was decided that Congress should be asked to authorize
the purchase of additional land up to 20,000 acres with the
$30,000 available, instead of taking 20 miles only, and
turning back into the treasury the unexpended balance.
It was also agreed that Congress should be asked for
$3,000 more for fencing, as the original appropriation of
$10,000 was insufficient. Accordingly, Senator Dixon

16

immediately took the steps that were necessary to secure
action by Congress on both those matters. ‘The appro-
priation of $3,000 was granted in an item attached as an
amendment to the General Deficiency bill, and authority
for the purchase of not to exceed 20,000 acres was secured
in the item for the Biological Survey in the Agricultural
Appropriation bill. Both these measures became laws on
March 4th.

It now remains for the various government bureaus
that are specially interested to finally determine what shall
be the exact boundaries of the Montana National Bison
Range, after which it will be the duty of the Forest Ser-
vice to advertise and award a contract for the fence, gates,
corrals and other things necessary to the purpose in view.

It is extremely desirable that in the near future a herd
of at least 25 prong-horned antelope should be colonized
in the bison range, as a measure toward the preservation of
that unique and interesting species from complete disap-
pearance. ‘The continued settlement and agricultural de-
velopment of the states that now contain remnant herds of
antelope is absolutely certain to crowd that species out of
existence there within the next fifty years or less, just as
the range steer would have crowded the bison off the great
pasture region, even had the hide-hunters spared him. — I
believe that a majority of the founders of the Montana
bison herd will live to see the antelope disappear from
every portion of the United States except the absolute,
thoroughly-protected game preserves, such as the Yellow-
stone Park, and the Wichita and Montana bison ranges.

Respectfully submitted,
WituiaM T. Hornapay,
President.

New York ZoowocicAL Parx,
March 20th, 1909.

*AJAINOG [VOIFOJOOZ YOR MON YL Jo IID
“AONVA SLI NO GYdH NOSIA IVNOILYN VLIHOIM

PULL. LIST OF SUBSCRIPTIONS
LO THE FUND FOR THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MONTANA
NATIONAL BISON HERD.*

The name of each member of the Bison Society of 1907-8 is

indicated by an asterisk.

New York City. NEW YORK.

Gran RSs SIN HI 20 hn ee 1,000.00
WWarANiee be Crypme nil ot te 500.00
Win ERAN OPiS TEOANE 2 8 eo 250.00
ANDREW? CARNEGIN) ...---2----.<2-20-escc--o2cc-scnccee 250.00
Mics Eee Fee rroNPsO Ns le Se 100.00
deseo he) BSije gl Bo TA ts hese ales aE 8 a tea ek OR TO 100.00
THE NINETEEN Crus (Through T. Charles

TECERCUL YD mapa eae Pee Eee. Po) BAL 100.00
JOEIN 1): VAIRCEHB Ole cc te cae. 8 Se 100.00
eo eA, ACNIDERS ONG: sssco- 8s feof Se. es 100.00

Wiebe meINIGR TON eer ce. Se ee ~ 100.00
NV Apr bLON Dees toes lee As en ane 110.00
Pree INOS TORS ee. ce fis oso yao eS ted 100.00
ea Reema VORNGIC Ries. le, yw) ee sda a eee 100.00
Reel. MeCoLLouGH .2: 222... rer eden eel 1 100.00
IFS Vien (Gr OTe. es ts oe ee 100.00
IMEACm DET wae MORGAN fe et 25.00
TeV WOACT RRS Wika Wate te e ed nena, 25.00
jy Leak Core Me] Ba rN .Ny rte pe aa a ene 25.00
GRR GA NE Rime Nees cer nen a 25.00
(Grae Geom tues vane inners kee ee 25.00
Ran GREATS ON eee een ee eg Rec ond 25.00
TRS) Rte G (Cosa ee RE eA A ee ne ea area 25.00
SAME PLOT GETS Sie tree aie Ser ge! eect 0 ee 20.00
Civ At COMSMOC Ket ees ee ee eee ier Ge uae 15.00

*Continuation of the Report of the President.

19

Bruce Criark
BY SACO TEYIN CHE Js tt bea ieee eek eee ee ea
AD eWONARD 22.2" olen Ree ye eerie eee
Louis Livineston

lng JBopeae,

Groner: OC Crank Jno ee
JieMiy WATERBURY. UR. oe fee ee
G. C. GREENWAY

Breverty Bocerr
JIG. Gray

Collected by George F. Norton.

Grorce F. Norton, New York City..........
Grorce L. Carneaiz, Dungeness, Fernan-

dinageelOridardt 2.2.2 ees ee eee
CoLEMAN CarRNeEGiIE, Dungeness....................
Frank M. Carnegie, Dungeness..................
Water J. Mircuenzt, Dungeness................
Huen M. Inman, Dungeness........................
Mins. 1. M. Carnerein, Dungeness: )...-.....
ANDREW CARNEGIE, 2ND, Dungeness............
Tuomas N. Minter, Dungeness.....................
ico Ne "Boomer: (boston) ee ee
Jo, DE SAULLES, New York, Citys.) =
CG Miarumr, New ork? City. <3 =
Miss Ernet Jounson, Cleveland, Ohio........

Forest and Stream.
Collected by William Barker, Jr.

WitiaM. (BaRnkEr,, Proves ee
Bigodits AGAR xe EHO ye oie) wate ere eines
Wairriam, Barker.) Np} lroy.c 22s 22st
ZINE AD: PR se, Una Oc 22 eo eee Seen ee
Cy Watney Tinrinenasr,- roy 22
Janus Co Conner, “none 2c ee ee
W. P2eDaucry, Droys2 2 ere ns oe ei e :
Ri: Ef. iGiriern, “lroy=--- ioe

THOMAS) J ERD, Oroy. 22 ee
OMe RisnmR, (Uroyien suse eos pene
(ee Barwon \WVatervitet ss. =e mes

20)

10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00

5.00

5.00

100.00

50.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
15.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00

5.00

5.00

OO
OO
00
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO

Sr

ee ee ee ee ee ee ee |

1,000.00

315.00

W. B. Perry, Watervliet
ANID A's, 0 VVORELV Gb onc. 2-2 nek a seen oe eae n see
Water F. Mean, Watervliet........................
Wixtir1am Barker, Round Lake, New York..
J. Hutt Amory, Poughkeepsie

Forest and Stream.

(yee B ov Ws peel BY olcy © 0) 0 ep en ee ee
*GrorGE Suiras, 3rp, Washington, D. C
*Epear F. Ranpouieu, Morristown, N. J.....
Dr. Witiiam A. VALENTINE, New York City
Joun S. Sutpuen, New York City..............
Jarep G. Batpwin, Jr., New York City
Nezs. A. Tuveson, Weston, Nebraska
Epmunp G. Hamersty, Philadelphia............
Cuartes E. Heep, Philadelphia..................
Puitie T. Bett, Hudson, New York............
Captain A. M. Macnas, Los Banos, La-

ound bili pune. islands i .cc2ee-2e eee oe
Rozert S. Van Buren, Norwalk, Conn.......
Josepu P. WurrteMore, Galesburg, N. D...

Collected by Edmund Seymour.

*EpmMuNbD Seymour, New York City............
Turopore Urnrine, Uehling, Nebraska

New York Zoological Park.
MNVew sts: EL OR NAW AN <2 <0 -c8., 5. tace Sto jn ena
ORS. 6 Macros. on eee eee
(Ge AWars TAUNTits ID ShENB OY nee ee eee eee
Hermann W. MERKEL........------------------ we
E. R. SANBORN.....-.-
SVAN cee Ee Telly TACT a cee eam oe meme een ee ee
Wate eevee VETING risey ee yee 2 eee eee
Grorce M. BEERBOWER.....-..- Be eaten. yen. ee
UAVATONID’ ls DTT NEARS 2222200! -2 208s, cr. ocak foscente

Collected by Henry A. Caesar.
Tein Var Nope © A GA ee ee
IGFAT UTA Gam ures (GATES Aur pete mete = nee pe
Gira moi NRO AT GARA = oor 2 ge asen ee ae
Relist eee ae ween eee Sew ees
(© UAT ON ee ee es ae sete
AU GYTING PANG EURNIP Tiaee e ee ce ne eee es

Collected by Clemens Herschel.
*CrLEMENS HERSCHEL .......--.---- eT. ene eee
INaieqaa, (C5 ODN Taine ee ee eee

25.00
25.00
20.00
10.00
10.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
2.00

2.00

1.00
1.00

50.00
5.00

20.00

10.00

5.00
10.00
1.00

20.00

116.00

£1.00

20.00

Collected by John W. Edmonds.

*JOHN. W..DMONDS =282 oe 5.00
DACA OLOMNG WARS ees a en TO 1.00
EDWARD oh, MAN Ver sy ooh eee eee ee 1.00
Ce iG SUN Ht Ree o- oad td des Steet al Dela 1.00
J OFN EHONPSON ooo. fsu0 se. Seema hae 1.00
Wititiam BuancuHarp Ranp...................... 1.00
HR ACTA aA re eg death ees bate San a 1.00 11.00
Collected by M. S. Garretson.
Mes Oy. GARRET ON see ote = Ae ey 5.00
Mrs; Consrann “DroMmas .2- ts ee 2.00
Miss Harrie Wasusurn, Goodwin, S. D... 1.00
Henry Sxkiituman, Franklin Park, N. J....... 1.00
Cart B. Garretson, Franklin Park, N. J... 1.00 10.00
Collected by Arthur H. Hagemeyer.
ARTHUR WH. THIAGEMEVER <2. 22.5. 5.00
Dae MicsDickanisoNe tet oe ee 2.00
isa tes OR O OR as 2 usc ee pes Mer LE SS ae 1.00
De a WV GP BSOIN 22 encore te he eee 1.00
INE. SD EIINIR UGGIn sss eae i Oe eee Chie ras 1.00 10.00

American Museum of Natural History.

*ProressonR Henry F. Osporn...................... 20.00
WO eA ATE TE EN tee cece en a Oe Ae 5.00
FURAN Kay NE oe © AP NANT eee ee ee 5.00 30.00

Collected by Theodore Kemm.

SVIMTRODORE\ KCRMM, 2) fee eens ees ee ee 1.00
WERNERE ES oMinn7 =e eee ee a ee 1.00
WOoWIs EUO ns ain a ee. ee eee 1.00
ee GRAINGER G RS 22k oA Oe. eens ba, ES ots Re eee 1.00
Mrs. JosEPHINE M. GEENAN...............----------- 1.00
(Gia SIG NIIM > maces Rene eee Bree ses Ree Rte, 1.00
oer a FG. sf 1s ee ee en Oc to 1.00 7.00
New York City—Miscellaneous.
EU RNRY, ere Psi eee soe ho se ee eet 50.00
W.7 A BUSH, brookyaiet 225 sae eee eee 50.00
Mrs: Marve Lo Buse, Brooklyn=-=2 ol. 50.00
IVT ADT SOIN; sl GrRRAUNG ok toe an cet nee a ee 25.00
PRANGCIS EYNDE. STETSON:.2--2----- ee 25.00
lee © Av O Neate O Sie eae ee 25.00
JAMES “J, TATGGINSON= oe eee ee 25.00

Mrs. Ricuarp M. Hoe......
Witiram CHurcH Ossporn
*RUTHERFORD STUYVESANT
Marearet L. Bauau........
CHaRures A. Cass.......-..-....-

Mrs. P. Hackxury Baruypt ...

W. C. Demorest...............-
*RosBert E. Booraen ......
*Joun Ross DELAFIELD...
*JoHn F. DEGENER.......

*RaLPH. PULITZER: ..:...-.----

,

*Miss Louise A. TROWBRIDGE.............--.--------

Bie elerACws eees oe ee
SaMUEL P. Avery, JR.......
Mrs. M. A. P. Draper...

@Cuarius S. Hirscu-.-=....
Drie Lhaupe ir mee a

JoHN Buriina LAWRENCE .........-..--------2-0-----

Rees IOuUNSBERY 22.
SAG PES DimNst
Morris KINNEY ........-..-..
Fo. JAMES JRBIULY - 2.2.2.
Woopsury G. LANGDON....
ELLEN COLLINS: ..2:..2::.-2....
JEFFERSON SELIGMAN ......
WarRREN DELANO, JR.......
JoHn I. D:; Bristou.-.-.2.:.-
Mrse DaiCy Bist. 2
Ereps SAUTER | 22
*JoHN Jay WHITE, JR.....
* NELSON: (CAVLOR: <..:2 5.
Dr. L. T. CHAMBERLAIN..
Miss ANNA RIKER SPRING
le Borron, BANGS 2222-2.
*CuHarRLes H. TowNnseEnp..
ArtHur Louis DuNnHAM ..
Joun W. T. NicHors....--.
*G:ATBERT (GRAY 2.22.2...
CAR SEUUZ eee ee ee ee
Proressor H. C. Parker
*CLINTON G. ABBOTT.......-
Emma C. EInpury ............
Sara Conant OstTRom......
Royce Panpock .............-
GO. Suimips 2
12] OAS) Jes “top, (GaN N ee eee ee
Jnwespepanie, (Gy ANs IBhovehie ees
S/he Crupee se
Wit Ghani Seu Ost...
KENNETH BINGHAM ........

25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
20.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00

Yonkers.

Mountainville.

*JuLES BREUCHAUD ......

Jal, JG, lOheanwine Se

HS =P... (Miowmton:...-

JoHN C. HAvVEMEYER....
Cart EICKEMEYER ........

Albany.

Eye Ania mivAnD Site eee
Mrs: Dran SAGE 2
DuprEy Oncorr 2.
WitwiaMm O. STILLMAN..
Jess NV EIPPL Ena eo
ALBERT KE. DENNISON ..

Buffalo.

co) the, (Ge a Garvannyaichiceeey
RurPertT STARBIRD ......--
Mrs. Asner P. Nicuo.rs
Mrs: Eo Mea. Cary

Collected by Jules Breuchaud.

Collected by Sherburne M. Shaw.

Mary S. Brewster, Mountainville................
Epwarp A. Stevens, Franklin, N. H...........
Aueusta W. Brown, Brooklyn, N. Y. C.....

Miscellaneous Cities in New

York State.

= TworsHRimnpsia News blaven-2 2-2 =--

GerorGe D. Barron, Ry

Ce ee eee eoete come

EMiny jE. i. SKEEL,, Irvington 222

Mrs. W. A. WapswortHu
Mrs. Bensgamin D. Hic

, Geneseo.....----s--<----
Ks, Old Westbury...

E. H. Goprerrroy, Neversink Lodge, Godeft-

DRO Vines 2O oar ee ee ee Pee ee
*Harry V. Raprorp, North Creek................
*CuarLes B. Davenrorr, Cold Spring

Phambor ls licens en ee cer
«J. ArvEen’ Ilorine; Owego ee. eae

OO
OO
OO
00
00
OO
OO
OO
OO
00
OO

ee

10.00
5.00

100.00
50.00
10.00

2.00
1.00
1.00

A016)
00
.OO
OO

mt kt 2 Or

.0O0
OO
OO
.OO
.0O

ee

50.00
50.00
10.00
10.00
10.00

10.00
5.00

5.00
5.00

11.00

5.00

WaLErane ns. (GaAvInn, Meyone:..02..2..2224. 5.00

Dr. LAwrRENCE Brown, Saranac Lake... 2.00
Miss#ii> le lunpy, Bronxville:..2. =... 1.00
GrorGE H. Cunnincuam, Valley Cottage... 1.00
*S. D. KrrrrepGe, Hastings-on-Hudson_....... 1.00
MASSACHUSETTS.

Boston. Collected by Mrs. Ezra Ripley Thayer.
*Mrs. Ezra Riptey Tuayer, Boston............ 200.00
Mrs. AcNes W. Van Brunt, Hingham........ 50.00
Mrs. Mary B. BranpreGeEr, Jamaica Plain... 50.00
Mrs. I. Morris Murray, Abington, Conn... 30.00
Mrs. Ranpotepu M. Criark, Pomfret, Conn. 25.00
Miss Exreanor J. CxiarK, Boston...........-:-...--- 25.00
Mrs. Wittiam Enpicort, Boston...............- 20.00
Miss Exizasetu R. Simmons, Cambridge.... 10.00
Mrs. WiLi1AM Brewster, Cambridge............ 10.00
Mrs. M. M. KimsBatu, Pomfret Center, Conn. 10.00
Mrs. Georce L. Brapiey, Pomfret Center.. 10.00
Mrs. Hersert T. Jounson, Boston.............-. 10.00
Mrs. CourrLtanp Hoppin, Boston.........-.....- 10.00
Miss Apetge P. Tuaver, Boston...............:. a 8.00
Mrs. M. C. Burnuam, So. Hamilton, Mass. 5.00
Muster J. 6 Daaver,’ Elingham. 2... .: 5.00
Miss Eveanor A. THayer, Hingham............ 5.00
Miss Etuet R. Tuayer, Hingham................ 5.00
Mrs. J) B.. Tuaver; Concord; Mass.....-......... 5.00
Mrs. Futuer, Saratoga Springs, N. Y....-.... 5.00
Miss Furuer, Saratoga Springs.................... 5.00
DR We So] bHAvnR,. baltimore... 5.00
Master Nep Murray, Abington, Conn....... 1.00
Miss Mary Vinron Murray, Abington........ : 1.00 510.00

Collected by Frederic H. Kennard.
RMD MRC) elle wKCHIN NUARD oe. eeu ee 100.00
GAR ZANDER SONG ee eee eh ae eee ees 50.00
Dianna lee MEATCGNTAUNE <3 se eee 50.00
IGtiogspray gels 1a Gomerinpon yoy ony ee ee eye een ee 25.00
GEEARIEE SS a COO Kes = eee 10.00
ONE eS TG ENE OW eee ee 10.00
a CEVARIEETS eV Vos UR Gel Sie sae es See Sete 10.00
ILONAS? Save OCK WOOD. eres e252 ee 10.00
RircraARpy Mie SA TONST AT. wes eee ee ee 10.00
INITSSeG On Ae le(@ THA Kinin ee eee eee ee 5.00
W. H. Lincotn, Longwood, Brookline........ 5.00
Miss Ecrten Cuase, Brookline......................-- 5.00
Dr. C. CuEerver SuHattruck, Boston.............. 8.00 293.00

5

Collected by John C. Phillips.

JOMN. Cee HInniPps:) (Bostonee- es. ; 150.00
Mrs. J. C..Puiriuires, Washington, D. C....... 50.00
Tuomas E. Procror, Boston. ne SEE 25.00
Mark Hopkins, Bryn Mawr, Pa. 20.00 245.00

Collected by William Lyman Underwood.

AD Wate ae AUT KON Gio ne oe ey ee 100.00
He OF Unvperwoons- ae z 25.00 125.00
PermeraGe BROOKS: (ie ee 100.00
Arraur EF. EisrasrRook........-......-.... ~ 100.00
cals Jer, TOI ee ee Gy has 25.00
OTN Aula ANE OINIS UNA reese ee 25.00
Mrs. Henry S. GREw...........---- SS eee by 25.00
27 SAUMUR a LO) Sem VAUD RU Nie ee oe Se 25.00
[ee CaRmERED emNINO 22a v2 Fe 25.00

Collected by Miss Harriet BE. Freeman.

*Miss HARRIET EK. PREEMAN........-------<------<--- 8.00
LOGIN, (Ge (Orowovnance eG Le 1.00
poi Dieu 2) aa gta: see in ee ea oes Snellen cnr On ee aye he Bae, 1.00
Spore iin ore eee ake eee Caen ON ses BEY DL 2 eh i ee 1.00
EERE NPOELUN Doe Luca ee Gee cee ee 1.00
Dey dd Shae) cs WA) Oe ee meee aie as JT a a Pease 4 1.00
yo © Yet) to NCH alee ee ac Ie Pan RON rt Br ce 1.00
SPU Avs UA aha as gk oe Re een cesar tees id reg ae ce 1.00
Miss Scaruet, Intervale, N. H..................... 1.00
C. L. Freeman, Intervale............. 1.00
E. H. Freeman, Intervale............................-- 1.00
EF. W. Freeman, Intervale..........-...:..:5........- 1.00
F. W. Freeman, Jr., Intervale...................... 1.00 20.00

Collected by John Phillips Reynolds.

JouHn Puituirs REYNOLDS...........-.- Be Ae ree? 5.00

Francis S. Earon ............ ab paris Be SEITE Ln Phe 10.00
ROBERT SALTONSTALE, 22-22 ph ie eel ne 5.00 20.00
Collected by Hazen Clement.
ule WAyAnNfe (Ghonany ouNpan Gye OT es ee 2.00
Er SV VERN Veo ic Coon eee eee eta este Ae ooh ee ae 2.00
(igs & Uae © (oh Seed Oe EE eee eB 2.00
Wise ale yoveon ne ee 2.00
JPpiavNsp Vo}, ME urbolonngoraVNigh fy 5 2.00
JoHN PETTIGREW ...... : 6 The Lae 2.00 12.00
Boston—Miscellaneous.
*Wittiam Russe_L Hauuerr . 10.00
*CuHarRLes P. Bownpircm....... Did At 10.00
L. Carrerer Frnno Vee aoe 10.00

IVI seiste) NS SMM 2 ne ooo ee ce RS 10.00
ECEEMENT 95 MlOUGHTON ::2:22.. 2.224 10.00
ca(Gapvoisvevay Wee J Gaohvaroh en oy wa eee amen ee ee eae 10.00
GRENVILLE lela INORGROSS.-\-.--. 2.2.22. -22- 22. 10.00
PACs Fells Ties NWA Voces cece = ee eo 10.00
IV ie Seve heat On S EAU INU @ Keen es ae 10.00
SIOEUN: Ate URINGLAM he ed 10.00
*HRANK BREWSTER .....-------:2-------2220ees0e-0eeeee--- 5.00
S00) 6 ee AR dee OER Re 5 ee Re eee 5.00
IN [GSS ea Vee te 1 se ee see ere ee eee 2.00
ei) maa eee (Gy OT) AGING Sees eet set ees ere nes ee 2.00

VV SIFT TUE Tepes oie en ee eee a Ey SY EE ete 1
JWAtvaleel Fella VIAN TS TON ee ne es eas cee ee oe ee es 1
EVV alle LOA CT SiisTiN eee ener eee ee Te 1.00
James E. Meyers 1

1

RoswELt B. LAWRENCE

ALLEN Porter, Aberdeen, Boston................ 1.00
Concord.
22) Dayan D ed bee | RYN ch tao) 8) ee eee ee ee 50.00
Mars Eanrnracel jen Vim eeele ee e 5.00
Collected by Miss Phyllis W. Brown.
Miss (Prrvimis W. BROWN. --2---<2:e---<-2-2------------ 1.00
Mass) Syvrwaa IE. BROWN -.-2.:---2-------2 Reet ae. Oe 1.00
Readville.
VV sroranrs THAN Team se TH G1O UI sees eee eee ee eee 25.00
Miss Corner, FP. Worcorn....-...2..2.--..<--2-2- 10.00
Milton.
2A EAU DE ROR BEG) ote seoeee cane eee ee 25.00
Collected by Edward A. Hurd.
CORD VV AVR Die A ae bal UR) ste eee ee ee ee ; 2.00
(CRE el ui 1 See ee eee ee 1.00
Nisha Gs hun De oe - e ee e e 1.00
Mrs. Groner A. NBWEUi..----:-22-2:-2cccce20zens1---2 1.00
Miss Mary G.: Denny, Brookline.................. 1.00
RESP (GuAN Pe eee ee eee ee ee ee 1.00
Cambridge.
AV rcriPAIGAUN Tipe Es REVISING es oe ee Senos ee esc ee 10.00
OR IIVTENIERID IE Sy eel Ve AUNT eo eee ne re ee 5.00
Leominster. Collected by W. H. Chase.
ENT, 0 1) Bs (aoe On AIS pice = oe mr Ue ger eel RE ee 2.00
pA Oras NR sp reas sk Tepe nee nN Be cea APO ope ae 2.00
PAG ae Nee Tar ST) Anis ine We ase Peto eee ean SR ee ony Be De 2.00
VAVGACTH Ts obs ee VETTE se ee ee ees eens 2.00
IEG senraceum elena Gio @ eee ee as ee ee See 2.00

10.00

Arlington Heights.

SOON dia MNOWMMEHTR ss a a ee ee 5.00

MRSS. JOLIN Ihe S OUSREND Ree ere 5.00
Lenox.

Mass Saran Mi. ScuHimrrecpin..<.----.-.-..-.- 5.00

Miss Jaevorsm: Miryur) 2-2 5.00

North Andover.

25 (Gs ads tS TINT OUND) See eee se 2.00

2 (Ga SNE OSS a Ree oer aie ee me eee 2.00
Hingham.

Rev. Georce Francis Wextp, Hingham........ 2.00

EvizABETH JT. MILES ........ NCEE ee eee re 1.00
Westfield.

IN Reed Bie \ Widen Goh Spl hie meet eee ek eee 1 eae SES Le 1.00

iW iacy IME 1835 WiWaeaGponee oe ee 1.00

Miscellaneous Cities in Massachusetts.

*TOHN 4. (HAVER, ILancaster, 2.93.08 250.00
Witiiam P. Wuarton, Groton..................--.- 100.00
*ArtuHuR WuHitTIN, Whitinsville .................... 25.00
*SamuEL C. Lawrence, Medford.................- 25.00
*Lemuret F. Woopwarp, Worcestev.............- 10.00
F. B. Greene, New Bedford.........-...-......:-..- 10.00
*Tsanc SPracur, Wellesley Elillse= 2.52. 10.00
“FRipnps;: Newburyport: =... 2.42.5. 10.00
*Wittarp G. Van Name, Springfield............ 10.00
Lavinta M. P. Brackett, Brookline............ 5.00
*ArtHuR A. Carey, Waltham..................-..-.. 5.00
Dry es Ce Jones \Maldent se ee 5.00

The Christian Register.

Mrs. Frances C. Warinwricut, Milton........ 2.00
Miss F. H. Gunneman, Roxbury.................. 1.00
Everett CarzLeton, Rockdale ...................... 2.00
MarGaret Morsst, Amherst.................-..-------- 2.00

MINNESOTA.

‘St Paul Collected by Howard Elliot.
SEOWARD Hino Des ee pene sree _ 1,013.00
Ay MCrEranpise. Se en eee oe 1.00
Re BG. Breanne: 1.00
PETER SIERUS ......-- ‘< ieee 1.00
WaLtER JACKSON 1.00

3.00

ASO Eee oa i Ge el et ee a en ee 1.00
Gia NEN CRENORSON 2 sees ore 1.00
+] Jett CAG Pe per ee Be) og 1.00
Wie i iA (D0 pe er ee 1.00
Sige Na, SONGIN NER e ous ee ee 1.00
Te POR D Wve ce en ee 1.00
eet ootped ACG ONY fees tee ee ew acme ee 1.00
AWESOME 9 221 Sit oly re ae alle oat Ra ae en AN Se EO 1.00
ESR. Bicktow 2222.22. BU pee Se ee ines ae 1.00
Wet © ee URI Dee nea eee te ee, ON aca 1.00
GUSTAVE JSCHOLLE: Scene 1.00
CPi lrrrine pismarck. No) en oes ek 1.00
Cuarues E. Perkins, Burlington, Iowa........ 1.00 1,030.00
*GEORGE M. KENYON. 20222252.224.2222.2002---0ceccee-02- 10.00
Epwin Wuite & ComMPANV..........-...-------------- 1.00

Deep Haven.
*Miss ARIEL BURTON.......-......--------22--cee0eee0---- 10.00

Albert Lea.
| Bras ad Gr ora 08 ee oe 1.00
WiG CHANMBERIAAUN 2-202. 22--0 22 eee 1.00
ALBERT Lea Hive anp Fur Companvy...... = 1.00

PENNSYLVANIA.

Pittsburgh. Collected by John M. Phillips.
*JOHN® NL. PRA UIPS: 22 202-2 ee meet 25.00
Dee Pace GO THe Oe Se te OO hens ere oN a 10.00
RoBrR Ty Eee rit EPS eee 10.00
IVVPAUE'S ONG peat ie EUs ne Sie ee ee ee 10.00
WOHING CP) SGRVESSROWIN 2.2 304o ss eed ne 10.00
WaT TANG Hye, SAN RaGY 0: ec) ett oe AY Ane e F og - 10.00
TORING. HS AUN Ron Vee oe 2 ee ce eee se 10.00
MUERONENG GA NOY 2 ek TS Oe 10.00
WitrraM J G ILe MON... ee ee 10.00
SAUER SautNese SPAR Vil Goose os Pea 3 10.00
GRORGE? Ne *MIONRO*...cele ee 10.00
eer AN One ee oe Ee ee ee 10.00
co Hee ee VO RSE sees ter ten oy ee en es Se 10.00
Wirnirante Ele GomCORD =: 2-0... Bo) 10.00
dee hat STONRHROAD ©2282 ere 10.00
AOEUINGE Cone GO) EI Viniee ee ee, aS eae RS 10.00
| alah LAs EPPO oe eee ree ete A cs ae wn Bee ee 10.00
Hianinve Onivinny a ee 10.00
ATBERT Gu IBREVRWIESER: 202.0902. 220s sees 2222-2 10.00
IE AUN TE Toles SENS © Eien ae ede Sy eae he Seed ae 10.00
CHARTERS SOD MECHE: 252... re as Bee 10.00
WiiiiamM Maxwert.t KENNEDV..........--.----------- 10.00

29

Wel, Miers ONG eS an ote eee ee nf
IECRIARNT Keer SANE Vp yee a eae es Le
MLE SIDE ONES 2 ae ee ences pee eee es Cae ae
VV WASTE Tres Fem) ToXC IN eee eee
a) (GIEEENIE EIEN) RAIN Sees ee ee eee, ete 2 eer
AEE SST NS VAUNIIE. ORD eee ee ee ee
JosEPH Maxkary, Carrick Boro.....................-
Mrs. Wiui1am E. Sankey, Carrick Boro..
Mrs. Joun M. Puiwuipes, Carrick Boro.........-
Humemr J. Karr, Carrick Boro]... ——S
Grorce Wooprorp, Carrick Boro........-....-...-
lL. W. Rosrnson, Punxsutawney...............-----
Epwin W. Rosinson, Punxsutawney............
W. R. ScuucuMEN, Homestead...............-...---
Maurice J. Lunn, Baltimore, Mid.......:..:-.-.--
FLercuer Coniins, Pittsburgh -.....-.2:...2--:-
CHARLES ScHAwRM, Pittsburgh-.....................
Pe, Hoslockn,. Pittsburgh: 3 = eee ee
RW. ocker, Pittsburgh = | ao eee
Witiiam HENNING, Pittsburgh....................-.
Winans TRore,.-bittsburehl2.22 2s
Georce L. Gotpsacu, Pittsburgh..................
AV Pe MinceRr, Patisburghi-2=. 2222.
Jada MGEMUNG, oP itis bume lc. 2 eesee <2
DAeAS ab mek, /Pittsbur gies ee. neste
W.os. Brown; Pittsburohcn = i222...
Grorcre C.) Minis, Pittsburgh 2-22-22
JosepH Ff. Eeny,: Pittsburgh...2 22
Joun Weeer, Pittsburgh. 22255-22222.
Danie, 2. Bere, Pittsburgh 2.2---
Orro MvuEtueErR, Carrick Boro....-:.......-....-..---
J. S. Burrermore, Carrick Boro..............----
J Ad. Haup a, Carrick pOross.s et.
James Stewart, Carrick Boro..............-...------
Joun F. Sarirz, Carrick Boro........ cae ee
Wituiam P. Baumaart, Carrick Boro.......-....
Freep. H. Anrporn, Carrick Boro:-...--.--.-.--
Georce J. Knieut, Carrick Boro..............----
Cuarires Kountz, Carrick Boro-.-.......-----<----
Di Jee SMEris, Carrick DOno.sisc-s. es oe eee ees
Ro 2 Rossery, Carnck is0ro!2 5
C. F. Baxmeyver, Carrick Boro.............--.------
R: By Hanser; Carrick Boro. 22. ..2----
Mark F. Roserts, Carrick Boro..........--...-----
Joun Bennett, Carrick Boro...........-..--.-------
Gustave Wipe, Carrick Boro .......--..----------
Joun H. Nusser, Carrick Boro........:-..----:-----
B. ALinweiyn, Carrick Boro. -2--..- =
Wittram McCuure Dontey, Carrick Boro-..

30

Sr

Go Or Or Gr Or

ee ee ee ne ee eee Ne Ee ee ee ee ee
. . . . (amtye JO5 to pitemDhe ©o

OO
.0O
.0O
OO

OO
OO
00
.0O
00
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO

Wiviuiam C. Waewner, Carrick Boro..............
Ropertr A. ScHNEIDER, Carrick Boro
Tuomas J. McGovern, Carrick Boro
Henry LanpeFreELp, Carrick Boro
Eienry: ABEL, Carrick. Borosi.2cccecc-2- awe t
Atois Winter, Carrick Boro................-..-..----
JoHN SEIFERTH, Carrick Boro
Rosert Trost, Carrick Boro
CC) Bo Cuurcu,, Carrick. Boros:-.-5------------
Henry Scuenck, Carrick Boro
J. A. Wuiteman, Punxsutawney..............-..---
A. W. Catitoway, Punxsutawney
Dave FriemineG, Punxsutawney
Georce P. Lutuer, Allegheny
Dr. Witt G. Anpair, Allegheny
Prep. GwinNer, Allegheny 2 222.4-22.25-.c.<-
ALEXANDER CouLtrerR, Greensburg
H. C. Burkert, Greensburg
JouN REep,- Reynoldsyille: 025) 2...
Joun K. Tener, Charleroi

H. J. Rossins, Niles, Ohio

Collected by William H. Mercur.

(Through John M. Phillips.)

Wi1aw o.. Mercur, Pittsburgh--_.....0..<-
JOSMP ER ele AAC His ce ee Sarees sds e
E. B. Matuior
ICE OEW We SIN Oe ne ee eee ee ee
SaMuEL C. MILLIGAN

Jee Vee IBEROIR NG vse oer < tepee ee On ee oe ae ee
Ae eee TST TING Sein 8 ie en ar ee se eae
AE ANID Re IAN ee at 8 et ot ae ‘
VV eAvre Tap he sa DO INGAUIEI) SOINo meses te eae
Wari an Acivicime Felon me @eAUN TIN OINic setae es ee ee eee ee eee
Ge Gal SANinnrse eo eaten Ae
IPAS VIC INU GOUMIER Va ee ee eee ee
Ee Cee BinRSSIN Gln eer eee eee an eet
WPI Go MS oases te ee
Epwarp E. Mayenr........-..-- eas ee eee
Wivianpoiuaie IME, TBS UWOSC ogee serene ee ePre
OEE NBN Witelits VAI ee = ee ee se eee ee
Ep win, JeIGe SNUA in ee ee Se ee
Efe BRLAE 24 yon is Rage Se es ree
= 9 PE CGR cel one en Ss aa ee i ee
Jefe MSIE NY Wen GAO Ost) aoe aes ee ee ree meer eee
SU eee (Che Gavan Ta Nese: eer ee nes Se a enon ar
JSG (GE, Nie abevanpe tol OND DPR ee oe ee ee ee
Wao yN MUA oren mi ag, Acer per as eee ota
(Ca) ACh Giei tnt) one a ee Rane eee ee pane

Pe en en ee I a ae eel oe ee ee ae

OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
.OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
00
OO
OO

10.00
2.00

(9)

9

OO
OO

2.00

2)

—

PO yO Oe CC en nr UU oN a ee ee

OO

OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
mele)
OO
00
OO
00
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO

371.00

40.00

Philadelphia.

PACER LV VSAURURUENIN iat GET SIE Vance ee ee

Collected by John Lyman Cow.

*Joun Lyman Cox, Philadelphia.._...............
AxeL Perre, Germantown, Philadelphia......
Cuarues J. Harran, New York City............
FAS IT UIUAUER Les VV © Ol) teak Seta a5 ee ec TRE eee
SACNIOINIMINE OIG, 2 ae ee eae ee cee ee eel
co Beep (Crew Ni sipped ea. ole TONSY OAR ae oe ee Ree
Miss tHiRANCES A aVOBE RD Gia eae orem
AUR VET una NIPAtis CO Mies eee eee eee
PACNTIN AGE Loca i Tt BVRING SO IN eee oe eee ee eee ee

Collected by Warren G. Griffith.

oN A Gen AGO RIOOIg) GMEh oes ee ey
IheGmevs del WWiktee ae ee ee eee

Philadel phia—Miscellaneous.

id POKES JEL C CI ist ee ee eS ee
NY GIR Diehl Cameo iG Wie Me eaee are Lane ees pe ae ge
PIER OTAUNTT) a Gx eG UR INT oe ee ee eee eee eer
CREAT Ge) eT G ruins es erent eee eee ees See Ray
MinS2 Greaney WDs VR CEMIe se ee ee ee ee
MinnurNe Wh.) VWWiRIGHaies = Sr.se te ee eee BS)

Wilkes-Barre.

DORRAINIG Rein WNiO DSi ieee ees oe eee eee ake

Sewickley. Collected by C. T. Harbaugh.

PEP RK NAD panei eaten es Sonik en women
GAIGeOWil OD Se ee ee es
FREDERICK Moore .........- teak 8 Doo oem ae eee
ie Nicikenrn Giana Meee BEE: Pree eae oe
Bie Tva PD Asvi@iy yee ee need ea eee

MONTANA.

25.00

5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
5.00
5.00
2.00
2.00

1.00
1.00

OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO

OO

Or

OO
OO
OO
OO
OO

Se ae

Missoula. Collected by Professor Morton J. Elrod.

pe a Rae a te eee te ee
ee ee GeR EIN OU Gries ee ae ei ee ee
GET IN tel © eee eee

GoeEIe GB in Gwin ee
THE CoMmMMISSIONERS OF Missouta: CounNry..
Wee AO Minin tee tenn a ee een Bene Dee
ee MADE Yavin Dies aaa eS eee ee tae ca ote eee
ivan) DEO MIPSOINT tee eee wate AY
Hiram KinowiEs) 22... PA gy st PM eae ae m2

25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
PAGS OKO)
25.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00

15.00

2.00

5.00

le, WL SVK ENSOIN 222 ee 5.00
| (onl BRS 1S 0 22) ae ee 5.00
OLS 1A (te) BA 2X cp oD ea pa ek Oe es oe 5.00
RA RG HANI hee ee to ce 5.00
ho yyeeee) Mea G70) 0h 3 3) Ne le ey ee Oe ae 5.00
Clie MEG Y Or SONS oe 8 ee a ee 5.00
ele Vere cP RAR. 02 enn ee eo) eee 5.00
PRR es als 1 ARSON Stone. ese) ee 5.06
NE OR CARDEN DURGH! 22608 5.00
Wale Pyle Ao et nent ca 2 Be 5A ced Ps ees 5.00
Beles OHA DO Nite tase oa yc none ceese ack 5.00
DR Metre elOAUNIn een re ee A 5.00
yo Ate VVCENISICAUN EE eee (ste ewer. une fellas) 5.00
ite Gavi Nine ern oe eh ie A ht eR ee 2.50
Al Sen) Nad 8 60 5 OW ft 0 See na 2.50
ett CRESS G) bs vats Paetsch le 2.50
GEORGE Is (BROOK Ss. 2. <.-- <0 eee te 2.50
Ge SPURNED ART oe te tee we eae oa 2.50
221 Dy BUG Re NS 8): Ue eRe nen Ree ae ae RI Ne Teta 2.50
AVS ICGRTAUN DIN Gy es Oe ns fo ie a ee ada 2.00
EAU Gee GHINGNEE DY) oo eee ere ese es ee oe 2.00
RPE Sie COC eee. 2s 3 oe 1.00
te Ae ST CO cat sac aed a 2 See oe Roe ee 1.00
Teme ew Sie NR Cee wee ee he By ee des lie ee 1.00
VASE ARN Vern Tapes A Veo ake Ore! fea ekbe 1.00
Ieee NG AES ess eee ne at eee: 1.00
Sa Ua Bah SIC 51: ey ea Ee 1.00
EUREAUN SKS) VO OD ok ee ee ee 1.00
(Gg PA, VIS AiG T STIR ge ee 8 a ows 1.00
| pgm Chel BY 1(0)) 2) 5S Sean Oey Uae ee ee ee Re 1.00
A ESN 2k Me Oo) 2 eee Cn a en re EE ee 1.00
LCA IN eS SUIT INS cee ates iain eter ey nd rade a 1.00
ANTE (Cone OG Wcied a) SO. Wee eee ee gna eer ea Pee me iy Pa 1.00
(Cre EI MEA Stier ore tye oe ee ee 1.00 312.00
Collected by George Armitage.
GrorGeE ARMITAGE, Missoula.......................... 5.00
OF Yeorusnon, Havana, (Cuba... 2-2-2 1.00
(GA (Ge MhtwAesopy Nose ehicna vse = eas ee 1.00
eRe GarrAe TN teleavier ties ene ene ee ee 1.00
Mrs. G. W. Armitrace, Havana...................--- 1.00
Jianres: Pur eivAd,., ilavama-c-.2 22-2 ese 1.00 10.00

Collected by Dr. R. Houston (Kalispell)
and
Dr. H. E. Houston (Whitefish).

Kalispell and Whitefish.
Dr: RS Houston, Kalispell)... 2. 22... 2.00
eG. Kerns Kalispell’, 2 eee 5.00

E. M. Cup, Kalispell
Joun Neigurmun, Kalispell
A. N. Tosir, Kalispell
H. W. Dickry, Kalispell
JAMES CoNLOoN, Kalispell
W. H. Grirrin, Kalispell
Grorce F. Srannarp, Kalispell
J. H. O’Conne tt, Kalispell
R. E. Wesster, Kalispell
C. B. Harris, Kalispell
O. H. Moserty, Kalispell
W. B. Ruoapes, Kalispell
Wituiam P. Fox, Creston
Dr. H. E. Houston, Whitefish
Percy F. Dopps, Whitefish
Prerer Suruersoner, Whitefish
Epwarp Tremer, Whitefish

Miscellaneous Cities in Montana.

*Waxuis HuipeKxorrer, Melville
ALFoRD YERGEY, Bozeman

Chicago.

*WitLtiamM J. RUCKER

*KeritH SPAULDING

ILLINOIS.

ER RANIGEV ..-OHINSON 22 teas ee a ee

H.

=: |W
aad ofp

L.

5 1B
eA cee MIR DAU os een Uns oh en eee oe ee

. W
ish

Collected by William P. Palmer.

GREE Nee an Se ey a ee
PAG See a se hn ae Os oe
AV EAT:S OINiyesie tne coerced A em th tee
TRYACW Vi Sie: oat ee Pe re ce ee eae

ES IPIRYAIG Ui ese Se ae ee er na ee

KONTGEDT | dips en ee, ie te Pe

EW IVER AN ER Sa ls Race ae ee Lt
b ACI MING) ete Lt Roe Soe ere Rk Pew, Sor ee ec dane
VAAN RSY cosc2 02 er 2 coe ee Aw tes
gel wh) bY C) OP See ae, Sate De ee NEN ae ae
PAST OINIE ieee een om esas kee 2 eee Ne ee:
SU SWICKI). So seer. se as ee eee ee
MO VG RAT Le ee ee ee ee ee

3A

1.00

100.00

10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00

til etl tl ers
cel <0 OY be Sar pi et ae tees Rioed Velie ely ote ot fnin lene Ss hae
=)
Y~
=~
—

33.00

IE ae S See VET He ead oe Reese Oly I
(Gee Sag ee ee ea

Chicago—Miscellaneous.
PaRVOBERIN We JEUINi sees ee ee.
ee Sas ELPAGNIS © Noe ee a es
PLS B Crow, wine st = eae Se ae emtch

*J. WINTERBOTHAM ..._..........-..---..---- ep eee

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Washington. Collected by Dr. T. S. Palmer.

cial Us paee | RAST GSN Bai 0) 0 0) 5 og CMe Re Se oe oa
GAME AND FisH PRorectTIVE ASSOCIATION OF

THE District or CoLtumsia (through Dr.

We WE YOUN, US CCPELON Y) ..2. 2 ot. ene
HORRY con EARS Now noo 8 Se ee
GrEVART MG@RRIAM << 26.2598 ooo. oe cesses
VERNON BAtEmY 2.222...
AB VV Se NE SON ee es a ee a Sa
Een oO UN IGE VAD S20 ng one 2 ee eee
TR Gye EAO WARD oe yc sone Gee errs ORR ee
ASAE Te Va AGT TTS eee eee we gnc oe
RDWARD AS (eREBIE.0 6 Se2 es.
re Poiel ipa edt si 511: esc a a ee Pee We OSES ES ee
(Ce Eee eR W SISO pte ee ee alte eg
GTEC HG AGN ASETIAGN te es tino seis
Jee GRANRORD esc ee cee re ote hm eee
ES SONG pls ae Ose ee ee ome
EpWARD J. STELLWAGEN .............--..---2------2----
T.0G. CHAMBERLIN, ‘Chicago -...._2.2...222-8.04:.-
R. W. Wiuuiams, Jr., Tallahassee, Fla.....-. =

Collected by T'. Gilbert Pearson.

(Through Dr. T. S. Palmer.)

*T. GILBERT PEarRson, Greensboro, N. C.....
J.-E. Jorwan, (Greensboro: -:..s.-.22:.222-2..--2
C. M. Vanstrory, Greensboro..............-.-...---.--
ReeCz EloopeiGreensbor0-= 2 ee
Cou. W. H. Ossorne, Greensboro.........-.---..--
G. A. Grimstey, Greensboro........- na ee pee

Washington—Miscellaneous.

*GirForD Pincuot, Washington.......... ee See
Mins VRARY. bbs MiiveRseso 8 ef ae el
AV Vira TSS Ip (Cr ay EU TGV EE Sites cee es en Mee
wlicopeanp YC a AMAS A o(o) Tyee pee eee as hee ee
A. TucKERMAN ..... GP ens Ne A. PR A

1.00
1.00

5.00
5.00
2.50

1.00

25.00

1.00.

1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

25.00
5.00
5.00
1.00

1.00

24.00

106.00

6.00

New Haven. CONNECTICUT.

EVE NIRV We ARN TAIMe = ee 25.00
WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS COMPANY
(through Winchester Bennett, Second

Kace-P Tr esident\r 2s ne ee oe 25.00

Hartford.
| Ee fal Beep Git 109 6) 0) ae 8 ee a eee SUP a hie A ene ASLO? 5.00
WO OS UN es COIN yee a ee 5.00
aNeumenony Wye, SOMOKCDOION Es epee ee ee 2.00

Miscellaneous Cities in Connecticut.

*ERNESt THOMPSON SETON, Cos Cob...........- 25.00

JORNG Ee SAGE. (ortlandss <n ee 5.00

GRORGE Pann s< Norval se ese eee 5.00
NEW JERSEY.

FHabolen: Collected by Ferdinand Kaegebehn.
Warrant eles DAN EN ERATE) en eee ee 5.00
PAGINA ID ae CAVES GS BENG eee eee ee eae eee a 5.00
AMS OMLAG 18, S48 WNanipN Gono) eres ee 5.00
Caae rose.) Bis dD oh Meee ee eer eS 5.00
Groren! H. Srmine 2 pethaaey.) See sates oe 5.00
DR OEINAG so RUUM OLR rie ee ee oe 5.00
Alaveday JD Gwamie- digyes ee ee 5.00
Dr. TT. Rictarp PAGANEDEI.--—- ty ees 5.00
FrerpbINanp ‘TrosteL, Woodcliffe-on-Hudson 5.00
ALEXANDER J. Faruie, Hoboken.................... 3.00
Henry H. Berwteman, Hoboken.................. ietoK0)
Apnourpa Macken; New York City... 2.2. = 2.50
AQ Jee avranmsi= = ieloboken:. ss. sees aee eee 2.00
Conrap BrecKxer, Hoboken...............-.....-:..----- 2.00
GeEorGE PreirrerR, Hoboken ....................------ 2.00
AuGcusr MurKen, Hoboken:..-......-.-..2-. 2.00
Artuur Ritrrer, Hoboken_...............-..---------- 2.00
Cuartes Furrrer, Hoboken..............-.--..------ 1.00

Miscellaneous Cities in New Jersey.

ALANS As STACK OD SLOW Riese ae eee ee 10.00
*Katr L. CamMann, Atlantic City....:........... 10.00
*Mrs. Fanny F. Ranpoureu, Morristown.... 5.00
Benyzamin F. Howe tu, Jr., Troy Hills..-..... 2.00
Ei EL (romresona-Rassaic 1.00
CALIFORNIA.

Santa Barbara. Collected by George H. Gould.
*GHrORGE. th, iGourD.... » ANP aee eee 10.00
Rospert CAMERON: ROGERS = .-- 5.00

63.00

mnmy, (Sasoanae GAN = ».00
Re yaet GAINING De ert en 2 ee 5.00
Collected by Miss Anne R. Faulkner.
IMGTSSIPAGN NIG IRs ECA UIIKUNI Rosse ee 1.00
INES va Hirota GO Witenes 1.00
Crmsc nee AG Oni eee ee ee 1.00
San Francisco.
a] Rae el GR NU Z/NUAININ eee 25.00
ascent Collected by Dr. Emily G. Hunt.
2] Dee OU One (Ged fs Ope he ee eee ee 5.00
COIN Ghdefeh 1 VSD ABN IAM Ol es Ui ys wate ee ee ene 5.00
a2] Dis Ineo eAspoumae. \iV/e n) BROAN te eee eee oe meee nee oe 5.00
Oakland.
RAE OR Wi a Bere: Ot tS Lr ee eater 9.00
IS FTUASNIE IE Van) es INET IETS ee ee ee Ee es 1.00
Miscellaneous Cities in California.
*Dr. Davin Srarr Jorpan, Stanford Uni-
WEL GUD ace ee oe ease Fo lon areas una t E ee so ; 10.00
“FRANK A Ebaupm, Redlands... 2... =: 2.00
GC. M. Gorrue, Sacramento....-.......--.------.-.---- 1.00
MICHIGAN.
Detroit Collected by G. D. Pope.
CG ial B Jered PGi bh oh eae eee Os se ce Rn seein cee *NOX50
IMDNGanropes Alone Gey Jeanie) pe ee 12.50
EAMIO RI Van Vig @ GAR Keene ese eee eee ony eer 2.00
DD acvarn me Gor ssve ee ae ee A ee ee 2.00
NWWA meg eiNT ENO) RAO NEN OT: ee a ae ee 2.00
IVa sto ODE ete see Bee ee hee eee 2.00
NY Ue HOVE | EXO ETD genoa nee Stal ey eke eee JP aI ae ARs ee 2.00
ANG ETSN od Gos PS ET AR UV: Joe eee oe a es Re ae od er ce 2.00
AIOETINIS GRUAUNGL O INGn nS EUAGVY/ ooo eee ee ee 2.00
IDR, WaAwrpr BP MAN TON:-..-.--2-2------2------ 2.00
ElARRY- On NEweebluliman= 5220 e225 2.8 2.00
Ep GineMana elullinianm =) 2-2 2.2 oe 2.00
Grorce N. Pierce, Hullman..........:......... pone 2.00
Joun. Merrie: lvulllnjan¢..---. 22-5 ee 2.00
Breck Bunorn. Etulilmanky:=-.-..---- 2. 2.00
Jnussh) hrenemers delulllmant2 2-2-2 2.00
Casa Popr sloscAngeles,.G@alt- ea 2.00
Dr S. Pore. Watsonville (Cali os 2.00
B. S. Corsurn, Walkerville, Ontario, Can... 2.00
ba Ce MeMants. Walkerville 2 2 = 2.00

25.00

3.00

15.00

61.00

Detroit—Miscellaneous.

THe Derroir Birp Prorecrive Criups
(Through Mrs. Jennie D. Harmes, Pres.)
Mrs. Tuomas S. McGraw

Advinn. Page Woven Wire Fence Company.

Pe BAS ROBERTS ONG eee ere ee eee
eile aE Ni Ni eS

ROBERT ee ATINTD OiNg eee eee ee ee
VV eeINGESS S cri aeeek enn e een Steric e ela Mees Cie

BS © SASL I Nie eee eee ne nee ee
Ree OSGOODE koe ee eee a ets Cah ae eh

Saginaw.

THe OprprpeERMANN Fur CoMPANV.................---

OHIO.

Newark Collected by Henry S. Fleek.
EGE NiR:V4)S ES EO KS oes eee eee ee ee
1 ap eyeh Gath Vey Pee eign are eee oa eee ee PS Liat eee
Wiairirawe Grr Mini ee ee ee
J eeiS SSRIS SHAN s os ere Seen ee Ce eee ae ee
Eieee ee Ker Nin ED yee ee ae ee
IO EUNG ee) ak AUR © Teme sare eee ee es
| Bice na Gta BNE tone? a ee Ook a es
Leo ean) ADIECOWMONG, Sees, i ed
eS FET SNe WER Notes ee oe eee ea ee eo

EDWARD. ES UD RING eee ee eee ee
va boner iie NAVs e IN ay Ni ee ee eee

Cleveland.

EU BER ET WAT DS vrs eee et ee
Cincinnati.

Mins Er RAN OR Gg © me Acs MiG eee eee en nee

Miscellaneous Cities in Ohio.

Grorce EF. Lemon, Canton —.....4.20
Eb. FS Wereestar, Wellineton 35:2

5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

10.00

5.00

15.00

55.00

MISSOURI.

The American Brewing Company.

St. Louis. Collected by Hugo. A. Koehler.
SEUTGON AL. INOMER:MR= 2 ese es 5.00
Evan a Awan Seee ee ee 5.00
ESE Dae INT Gis. oe eee eo 5.00
EBERHARD AANIBEDBUSEHR __....-..-..-...---2-<.... 0 5.00
EDWARD WAG EO AUSi2s 2 te ae 5.00
Henrys CGC. (GrinshpinecK 2.2220) se. 1.00
JOSEPH GRIFSEDINGK =) 7 45 1.00
APELOM AR AIS." EDAR TA N= 2. 2). 8. Rant eee 1.00 28.00

Collected by Francis G. Eaton.
ee ESRUAUNIGIS® Grew ANAC INI) oe fee eee em ee 5.00
GrorGe- @urtis: HATTON: 22.22 5.00
Mary Lawrence EAmTON ............-.......----.------- 5.00
Emity PartrripGe Eaton _...........-...---------------- 5.00
PNG Ate svat Ry ACTIN] 2 ee ete ee 5.00 25.00
TY Yi; IC 7"

Tneoln: NEW HAMPSHIRE.
ioe] ACI G Eales & (okg © ge ee eee RCS - ni Ne ae ee 25.00

Werden Collected by Ernest Harold Baynes.
Nims a Ria. Ge SriAwesDOStOin: i205. <5 oe ae 20.00
F. H. Giison, Wellesley Hills, Mass....-.....-. 5.00
Wixsur V. Kine, Seymour, Iowa -...:............. 1.00 26.00

Charleston.
imine © WARP pope eee eh ate 1.00
REE Ne ERUBBARD: 22-22-02 --22--.-.-2cce2ee-2-----e- 1.00 2.00

OKLAHOMA.

Creche: Collected by Frank Rush.
EGRAUNIRGRUSET) Gacli@:<.--st tte eee ee 5.00
Tue Lawton Nationau Bank, Lawton........ 5.00
Tue First Nationa, Bank or LAWTON...... 5.00
ATS rae ES YAGNT oO i Le ACORN eee ee eee 5.00
Tue City NaTionaL BANK oF LAWTON......-- 5.00
Tue Citizens’ State Bank or LawrTon.....- 5.00
COM Cr Shik la WiOl ee ok eee 1.00
Wom: WiktrhE ele BWicOle 2fe-8 22-2222 ee ee ee 1.00
FeoW. HAMMOND, Wawtom:<.2¢..2s-2.i05-2.20s-2 2228: 1.00
Georce H. SautzGaBer, Lawton.....-.....--.------ 1.00
Ree AG Sine alee wit O eee ere eee eee: 1.00
NTs Beers nae AUN oe leraw bo Me oe se ke ee ee 1.00
Bensow-Horron Harpware Co., Lawton... 1.00
AGED a cleAcwiRINCH eles witOl = ses se eee 1.00
ADAM SCHERSCHED, Fort Sill 22... 1.00

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ie Te Crnistrng Richmond Vian... 2.2
Huey ‘Cy Jonnms, Richmond: 2) -5-—-.-)-.
CHARLES: PAYNE, Wichita, Man. 7.2.2.2)...
Dre EF. Scrmavoi, Stamford, Conn:.2-22..:..:-
W.. J: Miacwunsmn, Yardley, Pas::.2-22)...-.
Grorce C. Lony, Hopkinsville, Ky...............
SS DURIAINIG ER ti es siete ee eee eee eee

RHODE ISLAND.
Providence: Collected by Henry S. Chafee.

o7] B hosemeate hoy (Ons@gi ODD) ee ee oc ae
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Providence
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Miscellaneous Cities in Rhode Island.

*Mrs. A. G. Durer, Wickford....................

JOHN GUE NES MING W Oli rsa wee ee,

NEBRASKA.
Hilemorth. Collected by Bartlett Richards.

BartLetr Ricuarps, Ellsworth:....................
Wirr G. Comstock, Ellsworth: =... 5-2-2.
J: De Ky Rienarps, Douglas, Wyo. -----..-2
Cuarues C. JAMESON, Ellsworth....................
Jarvis: Ricwarps, Denver, Colis 23 22

Omaha.

Dns El. GinhORD 2: oie eee eee ae
Hort Calne COLORADO.

RupoteH M. Booraem............:.:..... nett. Wawanca
Denver.

Wis URS KG NI DRTC Kaos. Ser co ed

ARIZONA.

Tucson.
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Joun O. DuNBAR ..... eee Se ee ee

Collected by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.

1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

EIS KO,
10.00

5.00
5.00
5.00

5.00

10.00

10.00

5.00

5.00
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22.00

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AvupuBON Socrety oF Watt Lake (Through

John A. Spurrell, President) 2) 222...
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Mayfield KENTUCKY
(GRAVELS ONE aes eran tn re nate a

Louisville.

IOAN oT eS AN ET ee et eee Res Se
MAINE.

Kennebunkport. Collected by Mary P. Lord.
A WeRIEND,) Wennebunkpont.- 22-4222. cee
Gi. We, harris) ~Kennebunlcport........---s--220
Dr. CHarures R. Waker, Concord, N. H.....

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Wheeling.

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SOUTH CAROLINA.

Columbia.

MAST: ESXCAUNTID EVR Eo ld ACV Ty OIF ese ee 1.00
New Orleans. LOUISIANA,

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Brattleboro. VERMONT.

Rrizappom Be IDAVENPORT....-.-=.. 2. 1.00

. “Anonymous.”
(NO STATE, CITY NOR NAME GIVEN ) 2.......--:-2..----. 3.00
London. ENGLAND.

BRaprEny MARTIN, -(Mayiaires 922 4 ee 25.00
Viechel BRITISH COLUMBIA.

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Paris.

WAM OTUR Naps eee eee ee meee tiers Satce ee = ee 1.90

WO TAT ese 5 eee heey eee $10,560.50

CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT.

Tuts 1s To CerTIrY that there has been paid into the Treasury of
the AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY subscriptions amounting to the
sum of Ten THovusaNnpn, Five HunpRED aNp Sixty Do.iars anp
Firry Cents, which constitutes the special fund for the purchase of the
MONTANA NATIONAL BISON HERD, for the necessary expenses
incidental to delivering the same upon the range, and for carrying out

the objects of the Society in relation thereto.

CLARK WILLIAMS, Treasurer.

New York City, May 5th, 1909.

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY :*

INCE the last annual meeting of the Society, the Sec-
retary has delivered one hundred and thirteen lectures,
chiefly in New England, New York and the middle West,
calling attention to the work of the American Bison
Society, and appealing for subscriptions to the Montana
National Bison Fund. Two of these lectures were de-
livered at Dartmouth College, where the students now
have under consideration two suggestions,—the adoption
of the buffalo as the college totem, and the presentation to
the United States government of a herd of buffaloes to be
preserved on some national range. Both suggestions
have met with the approval of President Tucker and of
every member of the Faculty with whom the matter was

discussed.

Early in September, in obedience to instructions re-
ceived at the last annual meeting of the Society, the Sec-
retary left New Hampshire for the far West to visit the
principal buffalo herds, with a view to learning their size
and condition, and to get such other information concern-
ing them as might be of interest or value to this Society.
The Secretary was specially anxious to see the Pablo Herd
on the Flathead Indian Reservation, Montana, recently
bought by the Canadian Government, and to witness its
round-up for shipment to Canada. ‘This event promised
to be the last of its kind in this country, and the Secretary
greatly desired to be present to obtain first-hand informa-
tion and photographs which would be invaluable in creat-
ing interest from the lecture platform. Acting on the best
information obtainable, the Secretary started for the Flat-
head Reservation, where the round-up was to take place
between the first and the tenth of September. On reach-
ing Missoula it was learned that there was no chance of
the round-up coming off for several days, so a visit to the
Government Buffalo herd in Yellowstone Park was made
in the meantime.

*All the photographs illustrating this article were made by Ernest Harold
Baynes, Secretary.

AS

“jyo] atwaayXa ey) Je UlBJUNOUT OY} UO UdeES S] 9SUBI AOWILUNS JO [BIIOY saddpy oy} jo yard y ‘saojeyng aie

aunjord ay} JO aajuso oy) ur s}op yoR]q eyL

“Ja}UIM 9Y} Ul podnjsed sf poy JUSUTUIAAODH 94} SOYA “]BIIOT) JOM] OY} Ul St BoIv [ea] 9y} JO Yonw
“yuvd IWNOLLVN ANOLSMOTISA “AATIVA AVWVT

GOVERNMENT BUFFALO HERD.
Galloping through Lamar Valley, Yellowstone National Park.

Through the courtesy of General S. B. M. Young and
the Quartermaster at Fort Yellowstone, the Secretary
was driven to the buffalo range in Lamar Valley, a dis-
tance of thirty miles, somewhat south of east from Mam-
moth Hot Springs.

Most of the way lay through open rolling grass coun-
try, with distant snow-covered mountains always in view.
Prong-horned antelopes were seen at frequent intervals,
sometimes singly, but usually in small bands. ‘Three coy-
otes showed themselves during the trip, the last one within
the buffalo range.

The buffalo herd, numbering eighty-four head, and in-
cluding fourteen calves of 1908, was found in what is
known as the Lower Corral, a long, narrow meadow lying
between the south side of the road and the Lamar River.
This corral is about one and one-half miles long, and con-
tains nearly four hundred acres.

The Upper Corral, about six hundred acres in extent,
is on the slope of a mountain on the north side of the road.
Here the buffaloes are kept during the summer months.
while the grass in the Lower Corral is permitted to grow.
In the fall about one hundred tons of hay are cut for winter
feeding, and then the buffaloes are turned in to spend the
winter. With the exception of one cow, which has since
died, the herd was in splendid condition.

15

‘YUVd IVNOLLVN ANOLSMOTISA ‘AATIVA UVWYT NI GadH O1VSANA LNAWNYAAOSD

eR

The corrals are enclosed with Montana anchor fencing.
Six strands of heavy wire are stretched taut on posts set
one rod apart, and between each pair of posts four upright
wires are clamped upon the horizontal ones, making a stiff
and very tidy-looking fence.

An interesting feature of the Lower Corral is a beaver
colony, which has ‘dammed Rose Creek, splitting the stream
into several smaller ones which flow through the corral,
and give it natural irrigation.

On return to Mammoth Hot Springs it was learned
that on Sept. 16, Scout McBride had seen twenty of the
wild buffalo in the valley of Pelican Creek. Other scouts
report signs of three calves, one of which was actually seen.
So the little remnant of the wild herd is probably increas-
ing slowly.

The Secr etary then went to Missoula, and thence to the
Flathead Indian Reservation. As the preparations for
the roundup were still incomplete, the trip was continued
to Kalispell, Montana, to inspect the Conrad herd. ‘The
journey across the Flathead Valley was made on horse-
back, and for some distance after leaving Ravalli, the route
lay close to the southern border of our new buffalo range,
whose grassy slopes arose from the north or left-hand side
of the road. Numbers of cattle and horses could be seen
grazing on the range, which seems an ideal one for the
Society’s purpose.

After a thirty-mile ride on horseback to Polson, at the
north end of the Reservation, the Secretary left his horse
and crossed Flathead Lake in one of the small steamers
that make daily trips to Somers, which is about ten miles
by rail from Kalispell.

The Conrad buffalo herd was found on its summer

range, an eight-hundred-acre hilly tract, part grass and
part Ww oodland, six miles west of Kalispell. A “stout rail
fence encloses the range. All the animals, numbering
ninety-two head, including eighteen calves of 1908, were
in good condition. As a herd they are very tractable, and
as a rule can be rounded-up and handled much like domes-
tic cattle. Every fall they are driven sixteen miles along
the country roads, even through the streets of Kalispell,
to their winter range, where they roam over sixteen hun-
dred acres of grass ‘and erain land until spring, when they

are driven back again. :
4

BUFFALO COW.
Presented to the American Bison Society by the C. E. Conrad Estate, Kalispell, Montana.

The Secretary discussed with Mrs. C. E. Conrad,
executrix of the C. E. Conrad Estate, the aims of the
American Bison Society, with the result that a fine pair
of buffaloes from this herd was presented to the Society
for preservation on the new Montana range. Soon
afterwards the following letter was received from Mrs.
Conrad :—

KALISPELL, Monrana, October 5, 1908.
Mr. Ernest Harold Baynes,
Secretary, The American Bison Society,

Meriden, N. H.
My Dear Sir:—

After considering your suggestion made while you
were here a few days ago, namely, that inasmuch as Mr.
Conrad was so much interested in the presen agey of the
pure-blood American Bison that he gave a great deal of
personal time and means to the alle one the C.-K.
Conrad Buffalo Herd, his heirs might present a pair to the
Bison Society in his name-—-as a nucleus of the Flathead
Reservation herd, we have decided to do so. We have

Is

“KALISPELL CHIEF.”

The first buffalo presented to the American Bison Society. Gift of
the C. E. Conrad Estate, Kalispell, Montana.

selected for this gift the finest pair we own, “Walispell
Chief,” a nine year old male, an animal to which we believe
it would be difficult to find an equal in the world today,
and as his mate, the herd leader, a vigorous, sagacious
cow, having a calf each year,—one which would be of the
greatest value to the new herd. We have depended upon
her wise head and good sense in our management of the
herd, and have no cow to equal her.

Hoping that the Bison Society will accept this gift in
the spirit in which it is given, and wishing every success to
the undertaking in which every one who gives these mat-
ters thought must be keenly interested, I remain,

SOULE US aie aatl ig Auxicia D. ConrapD.

Mrs. Conrad agreed to deliver the buffaloes in crates at
Polson, at the south end of Flathead Lake, free of charge,
and the Secretary arranged with Messrs. Ethell Bros. of
Ravalli, to carry them free from Polson to the range.

The Secretary then returned to the Flathead Reserva-
tion, meeting Michel Pablo at Ronan. Afterwards, in

19

“6061 JO Sutsds 9y} Ul SUTTJaLOS BpPBUBT) 0} juauidiys soy dn papunos aq 0} 91B pue
SjuaWUIaA0D UBIPEULD ay} 0} POS useq aAvY Sao[eyNq eso] “BuB}UuOWw ‘uoNBAJASAY UBIPU] PBIyIe[y ‘aduet sj UO

‘GugdH O1VAANA OTAVd AHL AO NOILYOd V

Ee eR is ee esccneman St Y.

company with Messrs. Howard Douglas and Alexander
Ayotte, representatives of the Canadian Government, he
drove out six or eight miles to see the last of the Pablo buf-
faloes, which were found on the east side of the Pend
D Oreille River. The Secretary counted two hundred and
fifty in one herd, and saw in the distance another group
which must have numbered at least fifty.

They were very suspicious, and though they permitted
us to drive reasonably near, the appearance of a man,
afoot or horseback, was enough to send them flying across
the prairie.

Messrs. Douglas and Ayotte were present to superin-
tend the shipment of this splendid herd, and to accompany
it to its new home, Buffalo Park, Wainwright, Alberta.
This great preserve is one hundred miles southeast of Ed-
monton, on the Grand Trunk Pacific. It contains one
hundred and twenty-two thousand acres, enclosed with a
fourteen-strand, nine-gauge wire fence, seventy-three
miles in length. ‘Three hundr ed of the buffalo now at Elk
Island Park will also be shipped to Buffalo Park. ‘Two
hundred miles west of Edmonton is a tract of five thou-
sand square miles, known as Jasper Park, a portion of
which the Canadian Government will probably fence off
in 1910 for another buffalo range.

Extensive and costly preparations were being made to
corral the Pablo buffaloes, but the Secretary on being i in-
formed by Mr. Pablo that the round-up could not take
place until at least two weeks later, decided to leave at
once, in order that he might visit the other large herds
before it was time to return to the Kast. The round-up
finally took place in November, but unfortunately the buf-
faloes escaped from the corral into which they had at great
expense been driven, and it was then decided to make no
effort to recapture them until May, 1909.

On October 9th, the Secretary started for Salt Lake
City, to see the Dooly buffalo herd which roams Antelope
Island, in the Great Salt Lake. In passing through
Butte, Montana, there was a delay of some hours, and the
opportunity was taken to visit the buffaloes at Columbia
Gardens, four miles east of the city.

There are four full-blooded buffaloes in this herd, one
bull, two cows and a yearling heifer. Besides these there

51

ANTELOPE ISLAND, GREAT SALT LAKE.
View from the ford by which the southeast corner of it is approached from Salt Lake City.

are two cattaloes—one female, half buffalo and half black
polled Angus; and one male, three-fourths buffalo and
one-fourth black polled Angus. ‘They have a range of
about three acres, and they are fed on grass and hay in the
summer, and on hay exclusively in the winter. All these
animals are the property of Eix-Senator W. A. Clark, who
has loaned them to Columbia Gardens.

At Salt Lake City the Secretary met Mr. John E.
Dooly, the owner of the Antelope Isiand buffaloes, and as
Mr. Dooly’s guest paid a visit to the herd. The island is
about twenty miles northwest of Salt Lake City, whence
it is approached by a fairly good carriage road, across a
wide stretch of flat, alkaline country. ‘The last four miles
of the drive to Antelope Island was through the lake it-
self, at a ford where the water was so shallow that it barely
covered the horses’ shoes.

Antelope Island is about sixteen miles long, north and
south, and about five miles wide, east and west, at its
widest point. It contains between twenty-five and thirty
thousand acres, much of it mountainous. The island itself

52

BUFFALO CALF BEING NURSED BY A DOMESTIC COW.
Antelope Island, Great Salt Lake.

seems to be a continuation of the Oquirre Range, which
hes west of Salt Lake City. An irregular mountain ridge
extends north and south, practically the entire length of
the island, its highest point being perhaps 4700 feet above
sea level, or 500 feet above the shore of the lake. West of
the ridge the country is very rough and precipitous, but on
the eastern side there is a wide, level plain, extending north
and south.

Most of the island is covered with sage-brush, but quan-
tities of grass grow between, and the fact that it maintains
a thousand head of Hereford cattle, besides a hundred
horses and a herd of buffalo now numbering forty-five, 1s
proof that there is a good deal of pasture. ‘There is also
an abundance of water, supplied chiefly by springs. of
which there are more than twenty. Seventeen of them
are on the east side of the ridge. There is also a number
of very small ponds, none of them over one hundred vards
in length.

There is very little timber on the island. It consists
chiefly of dwarf cedar,—a few acres here and there on the

53

‘seXo] ‘JYSIUpOOD Je aduBl Ss}! UG
‘dadH O1VAANA LHOINGOOD

slopes of the mountain. ‘There are also a few deciduous
trees, most of them in the Anaeiate vicinity of the springs.

The ford at which the Secretary crossed the lake is “at
the south end of the island, on the east side. From the
landing-place a hard, dirt road runs along the shore to a
brick ranch house, built there by the Mormons, and now
used as a dwelling by Mr. Dooly’s foreman. It is sur-
rounded by out-buildingss and corrals. At the corrals were
three buffalo calves that the foreman was trying to domes-
ticate. ‘Two were fed on milk from a bucket, and the third
had for a foster mother a graded Hereford cow, from
whom the little fellow was allowed to take his nourishment
at stated periods.

After dinner a party of four, including the writer, set
out on horseback to look for the buffalo herd. The first
buffalo seen was a solitary old bull. He was quietly graz-
ing down by the shore of the lake, but when the Secretary
attempted to photograph him, he showed much spirit,
charging the horse repeatedly. One of the party, Chaun-
cey White, photographed him in one of these charges, but
owing to the distance, the picture is very small.

Later i in the afternoon we came upon a bunch of twelve
buffaloes, half way up the east side of the mountain.
They were extremely wild, dashing through the sage-brush
like jack-rabbits. They were the most active buffalo the
writer has ever seen. Mounted on a big, thoroughbred
horse, the Secretary was able to get near enough to obtain
photographs of the animals as they hurried over the rough
ground, but it required continuous hard riding to keep
up with them.

Next morning, in company with the foreman the writer
crossed the ridge and visited the west side of the island.
From every point there are wonderful views of the lake.
The country is very rugged and broken, and much of it
rocky, but there are numerous draws and coulees, most of
them with more or less pasture, and all offering excellent
shelter for the animals. We saw a bunch of fifteen buffalo
dash away from near the top of the ridge, and through a
field glass watched them as they ran for perhaps two miles,
until they were lost around a bend in the hills. Several
other buffaloes were seen singly, or in small groups. Of
the forty-five head now said to be on Antelope Island, the

55

Secretary saw thirty-five, including the three young ani-
mals at the corrals. Five other calves were born in 1908.

The writer regretted that he was unable to spend more
than twenty-four hours on this island, as he believes that
an exhaustive report would show it to be an ideal range
on which to establish a national buffalo herd. Mr. Dooly
states that all parts of the west coast and the northern half
of the east coast of Antelope island may be approached by
boat from a promontory crossed by the Lucin Cut-off of
the Southern Pacific Railroad. Excursions to the island
may be made from Saltair, a bathing resort twenty miles
from Salt Lake City, on the line of the Saltair Railroad.
In answer to a question by the Secretary, Mr. Dooly stated
that he would consider a proposition to sell the Island for
a buffalo range.

It is an interesting fact that although there is every
opportunity for the cattle and buffaloes to wander through
the shallow water to the mainland, they never do so, and
one old bull that the writer chased out into the lake several
times, always turned back after going a quarter of a mile
or so, sometimes landing far away from the point where he
entered the water.

On returning to Salt Lake City, the Secretary had an-
other interview with Mr. Dooly, and the latter generously
promised to contribute a pair of young buffaloes to the
herd which the American Bison Society proposes to es-
tablish on the new government range in north-western
Montana.

After leaving Utah, the writer went straight to Good-
night, Texas, to see the buffalo herd of Charles Goodnight.
This herd is of more than usual interest inasmuch as it is
probably the only one descended exclusively from animals
roped on the plains, either by the owner or under his diree-
tions. But it is chiefly to Mrs. Goodnight that we are
indebted for this famous herd. In 1878 when the buf-
faloes were being slaughtered all around her, this lady con-
ceived the idea of saving some of them. She begged her
husband and brothers to get her some of the tawny calves,
and let her try to rear them at the Palo Duro Ranch, then
the Goodnight home. Personally, Charles Goodnight
was not very enthusiastic over the suggestion, but thinking
that the calves would amuse his wife in her isolated home,

56

GROUP OF CATTALO.
Goodnight Ranch, Goodnight, Texas.

one day when he was off with his cattle outfit, he roped
two, tied their legs and sent them back to her in a cart.
Soon after, her brothers, the Dyer boys, roped two more.
She reared them all, though one of the heifers died before
it was of breeding age, leaving one bull and two heifers as
the nucleus of the now famous herd.

Though the Goodnights have plenty of healthy senti-
ment, this herd has not been perpetuated for sentimental
reasons only. Charles Goodnight is a practical ranchman,
and he has treated the buffaloes as he has treated his cattle
and sheep and hogs,—as a business proposition,—as a
source of revenue. He has sold many buffaloes at splen-
did prices, and after a life-time’s experience, he earnestly
maintains that the buffalo is the most profitable farm ani-
mal in America today. So far he has made no use of buf-
falo wool, but on learning of the Secretary’s experiments
with this material, he said that this spring he would shear
a number of the animals and send the wool to be woven into
cloth.

Mr. Goodnight was also the pioneer in the breeding of
eattalo, an animal which, as its coined name suggests, is a

~
(

5

“BOyed YINOS ‘adietq WOY Jeau esuvs say} uO
“SHOTVSANG dITHd

cross between domestic cattle and the buffalo. It has been
his experience that these animals will interbreed only when
they have been reared together practically from infancy.
In all of his experiments he has used black polled Angus
cattle, partly because this breed is very hardy, like the
buffalo, and partly because of its solid black color. 'There
are perhaps one hundred of the cross-bred animals on the
Goodnight ranch, ranging all the way from what are prac-
tically full-blood polled Angus cattle, to creatures with so
little domestic blood in them that no one but the breeder
could tell that they were not full-blood buffaloes. Be-
tween these extremes the animals vary greatly in appear-
ance. Some favoring the buffalo, have horns; others lean-
ing toward the polled Angus in this respect, have none.
Some are almost black; others, a rich seal brown; and
among the rest, many shades of brindle are represented.

Many of the animals, especially those of the first and
second crosses, are of great size, much larger than either
the buffalo or the Angus cattle. Where the buffalo blood
predominates it is shown by the general formation of the
body, by the great height of the hump, and by the length
of the hair, especially the hair of the forehead, throat and
fore-legs. The tail, too, is usually very much shorter than
that of the pure domestic animals. As the amount of the
buffalo blood is increased, these characteristics become
more pronounced; as it is eliminated they tend to disap-
pear. By crossing back toward either race, four or five
times in succession, the characteristics of the other race are
usually so nearly wiped out that no trace of them is visible,
externally at least.

Some of the animals observed at the Goodnight ranch,
notably those with a preponderance of buffalo blood, had
wonderful coats. ‘These were fairly long, lustrous and
apparently silky, and in the cases of the dark-skinned
animals, very beautiful.

According to Mr. Goodnight, the value of the cattalo
as a farm animal will be based, first on its hide, which is
more beautiful and more generally useful than a buffalo-
robe; second upon its beef, of which it produces a large
quantity, said to be of excellent quality; and third, upon
its hardiness, since it is said to be able to thrive under con-
ditions which are fatal to range cattle.

59

It is not the purpose of the writer to discuss in this re-
port the details of Mr. Goodnight’s interesting experi-
ments, of his many failures and of his plucky fights to
overcome them. Suffice it to say that although a good
start has been made, the experiment will have to be carried
much farther before the cattalo can be produced at a cost
sufficiently low to make it commercially valuable. But it
seems not unlikely that a series of careful scientific experi-
ments, conducted under the direction of someone making
a specialty of the breeding of hybrids, might bring results
that would more than pay for the time and money ex-
pended. Were such a series of experiments undertaken,
I doubt not that Mr. Goodnight would co-operate by giv-
ing the results of his own long and valuable experience.

The Goodnight buffaloes and cattaloes roam over a
range of about three thousand acres, half prairie and half
broken country, the latter partly grown over with scrub
trees and bushes. Natural springs supply the water,
which is piped into iron tanks and into natural hollows in
the ground. At the time of the Secretary’s visit, the ani-
mals were in splendid condition, except that in some cases
the heel fly had bothered them, so that they had licked off
the hair in some places. Twenty buffalo calves were born
in this herd in 1908.

Mr. and Mrs. Goodnight readily consented to give a
pair of yearling buffaloes ‘for the Montana Range, ‘and a
little later Mr. “Goodnight formally presented the animals
in the following letter :-—

GooDNIGHT, TExas, November 25, 1908.
Mr. Ernest Harold Baynes,
Meriden, N. H.
My dear sir and friend :—
This is to assure you that any time during March and
April, not later than May Ist, we will load you free for
your National Park in Montana, and to go to no other
preserve, one pair of choice buffalo yearlings, one bull and
one heifer. Yours respectfully,
C. GooDNIGHT.

There remained but one of the large western herds to
visit,_-that of James Philip. This herd is established nean
Fort Pierre, South Dakota, and to this town the Secretary

60

TEAM OF THREE-YEAR-OLD BUFFALO STEERS.

Loaned by the Blue Mountain Forest Association, and broken to the yoke and
to harness by the Secretary of the American Bison Society.

went after leaving the Goodnight ranch. Next to the
Pablo herd, the Philip buffalo herd is the largest in the
country, numbering one hundred and eighty-eight head at
the time of the writer’s visit. In addition to the buffaloes
there were nine cattaloes in the herd. ‘They have a range
of about seven thousand acres of rolling country, some six
miles from Fort Pierre and close to the Missouri River.
This range is rapidly becoming too small to afford suffi-
cient grazing, and unless it can be increased, it seems 1n-
evitable that Mr. Philip will be obliged to reduce his splen-
did herd. The United States Government is anxious to
help him by leasing to him some public land adjoining his
own, but there are certain legal obstacles in the shape of
claims filed by persons, who it is said, have no intention of
using the land, at least for some time to come. It is ear-
nestly hoped that these claims will be withdrawn, and Mr.
Philip permitted to use it as a part of his buffalo range
for many years.

The Philip buffaloes were in splendid condition. The
Secretary visited them three times, and saw practically all

61

of them. ‘There were some splendid bulls among them.
The cows in the Philip herd paid no attention to a carriage,
but many of them would chase a horseman the moment he
came near. So vigilant and savage were some of these
cows, that it was difficult to get close enough to take good
photographs of the herd.

The Secretary talked with Mr. Philip of the National
herd to be established in Montana, and as he said “good-
bye,” Mr. Philip added, “Well, when you get your fence
up, you can count on me for a pair of young buffaloes.”

On his return to the East, the Secretary called upon
Austin Corbin, President of the Blue Mountain Forest
Association, which owns the Corbin buffalo herd of one
hundred and fifty head at Newport, N. H. After listen-
ing to an account of the writer’s trip in the West, Mr.
Corbin remarked:—“Well! Why don’t you ask us for
some buffaloes?’ The kind suggestion was promptly
acted upon, and the Society was the richer by three buf-
faloes, immediately.

The writer regrets that limited time prevented him
from visiting the smaller herds of the West. He had orig-
inally planned to visit a number of them, but the delay
caused by the postponement of the Pablo round-up left
barely time to look over the large herds. Incidentally,
however, while passing through Chicago, and Davenport,
Iowa, the Secretary visited the buffalo herds in the Zoo-
logical Gardens in these cities, and found them flourishing.
The Lincoln Park herd in Chicago was visited on the 14th
of June, and the first calf of the year was born that day.
This buffalo herd has been at Lincoln Park for about
twenty years, and in spite of the fact that the enclosure
contains only about one-quarter of an acre, the animals
appear to be in excellent health.

On June 22nd, the Secretary visited Fejervary Park,
Davenport, Iowa, and there found a little herd of nine
head, five of which had been born in the Park. They have
arange of about six acres, partly wooded and with a pretty
little valley running through it. No calves had been born
in 1908 up to the time of the Secretary’s visit, but the
superintendent reported the birth of one later in the
summer.

62

To summarize, the writer found practically all the buf-
faloes visited looking well and contented, and as far as
could be judged from external appearances, in excellent
health. By the majority of the private owners, however,
they are regarded as salable property, and like other
salable property, they are disposed of from time to time to
almost anyone who cares to buy them, regardless of the
purpose for which they are bought. For this reason, every
effort should be made to place as many as possible of these
splendid animals in the hands of the federal government,
for permanent preservation and increase.

In closing, the Secretary wishes to express his thanks
to the many people who in one way or another assisted him
in the work of inspecting and photographing the buffalo
herds visited in the interest of the Society.

And while thanks are in order, the writer wishes to ex-
press his appreciation of the services rendered to this cause
by Austin Corbin and the Blue Mountain Forest Associa-
tion of which Mr. Corbin is the president. Since the be-
ginning of this movement, Mr. Corbin, and indeed every
member of the Association, has generously helped to fur-
ther it. For the carrying out of experiments, and for use
in exhibitions calculated to create interest in this campaign,
the splendid buffalo herd at Newport, N. H., has ever been
at the Society’s disposal.

Ernest Harotp BAyNEs.

Since the above report was written, John E. Dooly has
formally presented his pair of buffaloes in the following
letter:——

Sat LAKE City, Utanu, March 6, 1909.
Ernest Harold Baynes, Esq.,
Hotel Havlin,
Cincinnati, Ohio.
My Dear Mr. Baynes :—

Agreeable to your request, I beg to state that it will
afford me pleasure to present to the American Bison So-
ciety, one pair of young buffalo for the purpose of stocking
the National Government Reservation, same to be deliv-
ered at the Buffalo Corrals, on Antelope Island.

Respectfully,
JoHN E. Doory.

63

The Secretary would add that while on business in
Cincinnati, on the 21st of February last, he accepted a kind
invitation from S. A. Stephan, Superintendent of the Zoo-
logical Garden, to visit the buffalo herd there. There
were thirteen head, five males and eight females, including
two calves of 1908. They all seemed to be in excellent

health. E. H. B.

Ol

ENTRANCE TO THE HOME OF THE WICHITA NATIONAL BISON HERD.

THIRD ANNUAL MEETING.

fee Third Annual Meeting of the Society was held
at the American Museum of Natural History, New
York City, on Thursday morning, January the four-
teenth, 1909, at 10.30. President William T. Hornaday
was in the chair. Others present were, Mrs. William T.
Hornaday, A. A. Anderson, Herbert L. Bridgman, H. C.
Bumpus, M. S. Garretson, Franklin W. Hooper, Frederic
A. Lucas, Harry V. Radford, Edmund Seymour, Charles
H. Stonebridge, Charles H. Townsend, Henry F. Whit-
ney and Clark Williams, all of New York; Henry A.
Edwards of Albany; T. S. Palmer of Washington, D. C.;
Frederic H. Kennard and William Lyman Underwood
of Boston; Charles Lyman Brinsmade of Wolf, Wyom-
ing, and Ernest Harold Baynes of Meriden, N. H.

The reports of the President and Secretary were read
in the order named, and both are given in detail elsewhere
in these proceedings.

65

ite
Sat

=
-
> fo’.
oo e

RELIEF MAP SHOWING THE EARLY DISTRIBUTION OF AMERICAN BISON.

Prepared and placed in the American Museum of Natural History under the direction of
The American Bison Society.

The dots on the map above represent the limit of the bison’s range over North America
about one hundred years ago. In 1850, at the time the mining industries in California were
developing, ‘“‘buffalo”’ were still very abundant, and were seen in countless numbers by those
traveling the plains. In the year 1875, they occupied only a relatively small portion of the
country. The northern herd occupied the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains and the
sparsely settled plains of the northwest, and the southern herd roamed over the country that
now comprises part of the states of Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, Texas and Oklahoma.

66

RELIEF MAP SHOWING THE STAGES IN EXTINCTION OF AMERICAN BISON AND
LOCATION OF THE EXISTING HERDS, CAPTIVE AND WILD.

Prepared and placed in The American Museum of Natural History under the direction of
The American Bison Society.

In 1886, the work of extermination was practically completed, and only a few scattered
herds remained. About 325 wild buffalo are in existence to-day. Of these, 300 occupy a small
area west of the Athabasca River in British America, and 25 live in the Yellowstone National
Park. . The total number of living bison on January 1, 1908, was approximately 1917.

67

Mr. I’. H. Kennard reported that his Committee had
placed in the Mammal Hall of the American Museum of
Natural History, a large colored relief map showing the
range of the buffalo in early times and the locations of the
principal herds still existing.

Mr. Harry V. Radford spoke of the extended trip he
was about to take in the Northwest, and the Executive
Committee was authorized to appropriate a sum not ex-
ceeding two hundred dollars to enable Mr. Radford to
visit the wild wood-bison of Athabasca, and report his
observations on this herd to the American Bison Society.

In order to show appreciation of the generosity of those
who contributed to the fund for the purchase of the Mon-
tana National Bison Herd, but who were not already
members of the Society, it was decided to enroll all sub-
scribers to this fund on the Society’s books, and on motion
each was given the form of membership to which his sub-
scription entitled him, viz:—those having subscribed one
thousand dollars or more, a patronship; those having sub-
scribed one hundred dollars or more, but less than one
thousand dollars, a life membership; those having sub-
scribed five dollars or more but less than one hundred dol-
lars, a membership for one year; those having subscribed
one dollar or more but less than five dollars, an associate
membership for one year.

It was further decided that those who had presented
the Society with living buffaloes which in the opinion of the
Executive Committee were worth one thousand dollars or
more, should be made patrons of the Society, and that
those who had presented buffaloes, which in the opinion of
the Executive Committee were worth less than one thou-
sand dollars, should be made life members of the Society.

The following members were elected to fill the nine
vacancies occurring in the Board of Managers:—Mrs.
Ezra R. Thayer, Clark Williams, William Lyman Under-
wood, Morton J. Elrod, Madison Grant, H. C. Bumpus,
C.J. Jones, A. Bowen Perry, and Charles H. Stonebridge.

The auditing committee appointed by the President
reported that the accounts of the Treasurer had been ex-
amined and found correct, and the meeting adjourned.

65

TREASURER’S REPORT,
January 1, 1908, ro DecEMBER 31, 1908.
Balances January jst; 1908)... 2.22.2

RECEIPTS.

Dues, Subscriptions and Donations, General

| SOT a a6 ets ene cpels Se ark Ni eee ne ee $1,507.80

Subscriptions to Montana National Bison Herd
J PLDT Ui ee eee ie Se coe eae aa ee ea 5,368.00
IN GET'S tapaesse oe telnet ne ead (ee ah 39.93

BG 5 [eS pe a Seat ye ee MLM oA A

DISBURSEMENTS.
POS GA Cheese, hoe ee nO ene a ea NS $ 119.02
ixechangeron.@heckgrs- 2-5 te. 8 ee 5.92
Petty, ‘Cashe@E er. Baynes, Secretary )-2-.-....- POM fa
Salary, Wi; Ho Baynes, Secretary... —--......- 200.38
Brinting yand Statlomeny =.) 28 5 ee 1,713.83
Miscellaneous: :

Professor Morton J. Elrod, preparing report

and recommendations for location of Na-
tional Bison Herd on Flathead Reservation 100.00

W. T. Hornaday, official expenses, March
tomo ri ly: 2 Ose O Ga. ee oes ete see oe 58.42

W. T. Hornaday, official expenses, May 5
tos diulya AiO OS ts ac 2 Set eee 59.72

E. H. Baynes, account expenses of Western
LID ON eae 2M ae NE = Bs ek ere a ee eee 500.00
Henry Romeike, Press ‘Clippings ==: 22—— O44
H. F. Whitney, Clerical Assistance year 1909 120.00

Balance

6,915.73

$8,668.95

CLARK WILLIAMS, Treasurer.

69

BOARD OF MANAGERS’
MEETING

ae the Annual Meeting of the Board of Managers, held
at the American viaieeutn of Natural History, there
were present William 'T. Hornaday, Franklin W. Hooper,
A. A. Anderson, Edmund Seymour, Charles H. Stone-
brdge,. Prederie (HC Kennard, “Et. -C. “Bumpus, 2)s:
Palmer and Ernest Harold Baynes.

The following officers were elected:—Honorary Presi-
dent, Honorable ‘Theodore Roosevelt; Honorary Vice-
President, His Excellency Earl Grey, Governor General
of Canada; President, William 'T. Hornaday; Vice-Presi-
dents, Frederic H. Kennard and A. A. Anderson; 'Treas-
urer, Clark Williams; Secretary, Ernest Harold Baynes;
Executive Committee:—The President and Secretary, ex-
officio; T. S. Palmer, Gifford Pinchot, Madison Grant,
Frederic H. Kennard and Wiliam Lyman Underwood.

The President, and Messrs. Clark Willams and Fred-
eric H. Kennard were appointed a committee to purchase
the buffalo for the Montana Range.

Prof. Hooper, Dr. Hornaday and Madison Grant
were appointed a committee to take such steps as might be
necessary to secure the passage of a bill providing for a
herd of buffalo on a suitable range in the Adirondacks,
and to secure the signature of the Governor of New York
State.

Prof. Hooper explained that it had been deemed wise
to postpone the summer meeting of the Society at Corbin
Park, on account of the absence of the Secretary in the
West, and partly because President Roosevelt found that
he could not be present. The Committee having the mat-
ter in charge was authorized to arrange for the meeting
this year, if found practicable to do so.

Prof. Hooper, Dr. Hornaday and Dr. Palmer, were
appointed a committee to consider the question of state
buffalo herds, with power to take such steps as might be
necessary to provide for the establishment of state parks
for the maintenance of buffaloes.

70

CONSTITUTION OF
THE AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY.

ARTICLE I—NAME

The name of this organization shall be The American Bison Society.

ARTICLE II.—OBJECTS

The objects of this Society shall be the permanent preservation and
increase of the American Bison.

ARTICLE III —MEMBERSHIP

Section 1—The membership of this Society shall consist of Associate
Members, Members, Life Members, and Patrons.

Section 2.—Any person in sympathy with the objects of this Society may
become an Associate Member by paying the prescribed dues.

Any person in sympathy with the objects of this Society may become a
Patron, Life Member, or Member upon election by the Executive Committee
and payment of the prescribed fees or dues.

Section 3.—The dues of an Associate Member shall be one dollar, payable
annually. The dues of a Member shall be five dollars, payable annually. The
fee of a Life Member shall be one hundred dollars. The fee of a Patron shall
be one thousand dollars.

Section 4.—A Member may be expelled from the Society upon the written
recommendation of any officer, by a majority vote of the members of the
Executive Committee present at any meeting, provided notice of such proposed
action, with reasons therefor, be sent to the member and to the Executive
Committee at least one week before such meeting.

ARTICLE IV.—GOVERNMENT

Section 1—The governing body of this Society shall consist of a Board of
Managers of twenty-seven persons, divided into three groups of nine each.
The tenure of office of the Managers shall be three years, but only nine
Managers’ terms can expire by limitation in any one year. Therefore, at
each annual meeting of the Society, nine new members shall be elected by
ballot of a majority of the members present, due notice having been given
in advance to all members.

Section 2.—The Board of Managers shall elect each year at its annual
meeting, from its own members, by ballot and a majority vote, a President,
two Vice-Presidents, Secretary, and Treasurer, and five persons to form, with
the President and Secretary, the Executive Committee of the Society. Hon-
orary officers, each to serve a term of one year, may be elected at the discretion
of the Executive Committee.

Section 3.—Vacancies occurring in the Board of Managers and Executive
Committee may be filled by the Executive Committee to complete the year in
which they occur.

Section 4.—At the annual meeting a Nominating Committee, consisting of
three members, shall be appointed by the presiding officer; their duties shall
be to present a list of candidates to fill vacancies on the Board of Managers.

1

ARTICLE V.—DUTIES OF OFFICERS

Section 1.—The duties of the officers shall be such as pertain to their re-
spective offices in similar societies. The President shall be ex-officio chairman
of the Board of Managers and of the Executive Committee.

Section 2.—The Vice-Presidents shall perform the duties of the President,
in his absence, in the order of seniority of office.

Section 3.—The Secretary shall record the proceedings of the Society of
its Board of Managers, and of its Executive Committee, in books to be kept
for the purpose; shall have charge of all records belonging to the Society, and
of its publication; shall conduct the correspondence of the Society and keep
a record thereof; shall inform members, Managers, and officers of their
election; and shall give notice of all meetings, and inform the Managers and
officers of all matters requiring their action.

Section 4.—The Treasurer shall collect all bills and assessments due the
Society; shall pay from the funds of the Society all bills duly approved by
the President, or by three members of the Executive Committee; shall send
to the Secretary once a month the names and addresses of all new members.
He shall also furnish, at the request of the Executive Committee, a statement
of the financial condition of the Society.

ARTICLE VI—MEETINGS

Section 1.—There shall be an annual meeting of the Society, for the
election of Managers and other general purposes, on the second Thursday
of January.

Section 2.—Special meetings may be called upon seven days’ notice by the
President, or on a written application signed by three members of the Board
of Managers, stating the object of said meeting.

Section 3.—The annual meeting of the Board of Managers shall be held
immediately after the annual meeting of the members of the Society, and other
meetings may be held at such times as the President or Executive Committee
may deem desirable. Five members of the Board shall constitute a quorum.

Section 4.—Meetings of the Executive Committee may be held at such
times and places as may be appointed by the President, or, in his absence,
by the Secretary, and three days’ notice of each meeting shall be given. Three
members constitute a quorum.

Section 5.—The order of business shall be as follows :—

Reading records of previous meeting.
Reports of Committees.

Reading communications.

Unfinished business.

New business.

Cushing’s Manual shall be the authority for the decision of disputed ques-
tions of order and debate.

ARTICLE VII—AMENDMENTS

Amendments or alterations of the Constitution may be made by a two-
thirds vote of a meeting of the Board of Managers at any meeting, provided
written notice of the proposed change shall have been sent by mail to every
member of the Board of Managers not less than seven days previous to said
meeting.

~
tw

MEMBERS OF THE
AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY.

PATRONS.
CONRAD RH SmAcnmen GHARIGN Sm bie oe coer ee ee Kalispell, Mont.
Brive Mountain Forest Assn. (Aucusr Corsin Est.), New York City
Moony, Jou, Ei. 2. 2c-cce22) coe: Eee er ce ee eee Salt Lake City, Utah
JE TAO .Re eae Ll) WAAR Siete esas teres Cae eens 2 eee ee St. Paul, Minn.
GoopniGruns GEAR NS) eee ee Shee Goodnight, Texas
13 Gi Of pal 007 feel oe OP a Bre ee eo a et a New York City
IPAGHETALE vec SAINTE Seeeeeron oo ete ese ae a SS ee Lee Fort Pierre, S. D.
REY DEC el aiytel O28 1.1039 07 ce) ty DRS Se CoN RE On nee a New York City

LIFE MEMBERS.

PARNED IRS OIN spac Nee Nee 22 oe ane a goss SE et ate eae New York City
TARGET OLD) iyo) OUEUN LD) sono es i ede eae New York City
PACTERGIINTS St EVID WEL ose ae nee es ae ee ce se Boston, Mass.
IB ANVaI Ts See VAC Rig (©, eee eee a eee ee ee Boston, Mass.
1 BSS op SIS ape Ua 6a i RC a me Pe New York City
PS REURR O) Y pc) eel c et: a woe ee. la anne eee eo, SP Ae ese te Boston, Mass.
IBRINSMADE, CHARLES LV MAN =< 220.002 2ec-ct2.cetsegeec-ceecee tee Brooklyn, N. Y.
TRO ORS yee Pa Fa Es Cee ek, Nee tee ee a Boston, Mass.
IBRUC mes Virssti Mite Woes rere we cee Boas ee eee New York City
CARNEGIE rea AUNID RIN Wane eee nn ee eee ee New York City
(GN Sig) ae VAG 29 07.5 0) gee te RC ee a New York City
-CoLutaARD,) Mrs. 'G@ORGE WV 2222222. New York City
CoNARROE, Mins: GuorGe Nas 3-2-2222. —.. Philadelphia, Pa,
WC ORBENG cAUS TUNG) eerste ee estes tp 2h. ees ee ees de .....New York City
I DRAPER wi lnGeebe NR Ves Bree ete ee Sa New York City
AETDG Es Te peer ONG Rn ya eee ee Sc = eee a sy cee et New York City:
SNS VVWANER TD Selb eee Nice eee re eee Ra es ee a ew Albany, N. Y.
PSENIBR EW | MinSs Wi. EL ARRISONis-22 sss oe eee Haverford, Pa.
EIS TABRO OK AUR MENU IR Byaieeere oo oe ts eet coe ee ea Boston, Mass.
EO SSE rsa eee ey eee ee Ee ee ee eee New York City
GEO Ta eV Vos ae mee ne Ne EO eee Pea te at New York City
PEW NISED AW GV AINE UO eee ate ese ee eet ee Cambridge, Mass.
| Es (Cede neg) VE te ame ie Bi eo ene epee een Aeon EUS ee New York City
LiniGrn gee GMORGE ist ceo ere, ee oe North Grafton, Mass.
KENNER De ERD DRTC wae lel eas eee ee Boston, Mass.
ze ISRRUNGNG AUHRInD sant V Noa ss ape VA ANR TNE Ady eee wee eee ne eee eeee® Boston, Mass.
IGT DT se N som eae le A Ne ee ee ee Boston, Mass.
* Deceased.

IGAWRENGES, SAUNORY: CAG: eta eee sent ee eee ee eee rene Boston, Mass.

Mie@onrouGHy hot Ag 3s x noc) A ee ee ee New York City
NUNE TERN: CrUuB in: ico". e cee ee ee eee New York City
NORTON G-- oREDERICK=:. of e eee eee rs eee New York City
INCOR DOIN VV oe oe ae were ee ee ee se New York City
IPBARODY, GORGE Ache sere Oe ease, eee Danvers, Mass.
Pant LIP sad ON Gs. c.2..o. Je ee hoe terete ee ee Boston, Mass.
PI EREP Ss; ON, UNI ses etcetera eats eee ee cee Pittsburg, Pa.
PARR CES URINE: (OTA ee ee oe oe ne eee New York City
Rina Gi OR GE gel) eae eee oe eee ee ee New York City
UG RRs VWViBL PAN oeo ee. ook eee a nee eee es Chicago, Ill.
SaRGEN De @RARTAS) oie tee ed oe ee ee Brookline, Mass.
SLOANE As VWTEETANG jE 0 ye 2 ere oe oe) eee! New York City
PEP ACV NR MR ZARUAY UTOPIA Ve oe enn en eee aes Boston, Mass.
(REPAY lo MIR Se UZ RAGURUDP LE Verse we te eee ee eee Boston, Mass.
A ESSA, red OUI gee eae sane ne ees eke Lancaster, Mass.
AMETONEP SON: VDSS eo Fic eee on sre eh sees, ease New York City
AT UHRRINTO Re eda os oer cen aren. sees. cde em ae ee eS New York City
Unperwoop, WituiaM LYMAN ..............------------- EP es ee Belmont, Mass.
WIAD S WOR DET Goss ecaeeee eee ee eee ay eas eee Middletown, Conn.
WASHBURN, Hon i@rmsRnms Gi 2 25.2 2 eee Worcester, Mass.
VEEL AIRE GING VOID TAM ole cat einen cs Sect oe een 5, ee eee a en Groton, Mass.
Wil raiviss AGS OINt a eee ee eae ee ete ge oe Buffalo, N. Y.
WioLcorn, PRESCOTT 2-25 Sih ae Ss Se Readville, Mass.
MEMBERS.
FAD AINES;;- URO OWS Sno kt ow it Mee et lER 2 ce ee ee a ee Quincy, Mass.
AATGD RIG He {OC EPARIGE Gk ee oe eras thes eee ee eee ee Worcester, Mass.
Ha Fp OV Oo SPM Coeycle] Bars nay rey sein Os MRP MEAT Pe Mey RNa ean e Ses Worcester, Mass.
PASTING eH ADVISOR eA oo oer ot ee a Bee ee ee Philadelphia, Pa.
UASTATRIINS | Gis OWE Aenea aves. Seen eee ee ee Cambridge, Mass.
TANTO RSV) BAUR EMORY cs Bee eres eee et tee Boston, Mass.
FASNOR SY pptlNIGE RS Oils See ee ee ee ees Boston, Mass.
CNIOINSVINEO W'S pies Grn Nis ese es ee eee Se ee
PASE IVT TVACGE Tae Gr OTR GT VV em ee ee Havana, Cuba
AUBREY 3 CHARLES: e255 Geet cera ee aes ee ee Browning, Montana
IB AVAG TUB Die Aer eet eed eh Os A os CR eee Chicago, Ill.
BAKER. DRE MORAN Koc fcc. cess eee ce een 2 oes Breas olen Washington, D. C.
Biss, SGoRORGE 1 Midas. cone ke eee ene Monee eee Worcester, Mass.
IBYAC VANES OR INGE! Sia be TOC © 11) eee ee Meriden, N. H.
BE EMON DT, /Ry.8 SU GUR Tee tee e ee ee ee New York City
BEN ARD Uy) OEMs ceees es. we Macs coe eeas! cut eS Gee New York City
Benson, ALEXANDER........------ emer 2A ee a eee Philadelphia, Pa.
BIGELOW), JOSEPH G22 ee. 22-22. -s-2 eee pie. se SER ep Cohassett, Mass.
Brakn. GrorGm ies) Sth es a SOREN PRET Worcester, Mass.
Brake, Miss Susan Sis v2.22 oc er ee ee Melrose, Mass.

V BK On Do CONe Oh (Os G20 Yaad ce eee eo el ae Boston, Mass.

V BYR SICH ENO yal [se eo ie Oe a Yonkers, N. Y.
ISRIDGHAIN, (JOSEPH 312005 - eels toh oe, ct etenee sens ome E. Providence Centre, R. I.
DRED GMUAING, ait ORB RTS Dee 2e cesses ens cece Bae st ccee oewceee Seca secede eee Brooklyn, N. Y.
BROOKS, 7 OTN El WN Ve oo ee oe toe ee eee aa Boston, Mass.
18.9 SX 0) Asis Oi Oil 6290) : Seep ee - e a e a te ee ee Worcester, Mass.
UNDE US el) Ree De Ccer h emer Oe ee eR NE es ee coc sees New York City
BG REBIGH. (GEORGE ey W soos sesen cece c os aneee ease ee New York City
UP EEN EVANS AU OLIN le ee eee re eee pte Sac oes Fate Gete eee ode ee Boston, Mass.
AUR ON is PEG ecne steers aca na fees Sees s, Sock nace an oe nee hc nace Deephaven, Minn.
GAB Ores OHTA Te SV ease sh eee ere cask a sees ies oak a lecoeete eS cetety Boston, Mass.
GSS O ae VN Ad Ute aa ik oe Pen PRR ee SRapt RP ONAL Boston, Mass.
(CAIN ANN Nig SSCA EVAN DIN 1 5 nen coc dcn case antcae-asenathntvtssdeeo New York City
CART Yop AR DUR Nee se oe ater e ee ee eee Waltham, Mass.
(CARTE YA PEMEINIR Vg Uc terece eect ass ose n= Pe eee ee See kc os Le New York City
CARNE GIeely- NIOR RIS) ieee soe ee en ee tl New York City
CARED ING EAAIME TON PM, ee fees cet actos. cas Sek eSee<taeecevceh san deceae Philadelphia, Pa.
GHANIPOL TIONG ASNIDR Bee _seee2 uate tetas Nesbes ote tcsede edecsense New York City
(CTE INET es TAYE 9 ts [eet es tegen i are ge mer See Leominster, Mass.
UAUINIC Vie CHAR URS. ee) 2 eae ce = 2s scced be ces acdoeva cee cS Sues. Philadelphia, Pa.
COHAN sae VINES wba eee ot ce ates pe a SEES Lo Atos ess Philadelphia, Pa.
(CREASY mF Bese) Go EWA er Rees Boston, Mass.
COATES AVN, TEAC: PAM Vise oe Se sec ete occ ke cease a eee Philadelphia, Pa.
CISTI AVN Lee nse ee a EY oe ee New York City
(G/5 6 0) Bs cig ex) 8 0.9 eee ae ee oe A ee ee Pittsburg, Pa.
Connap, Vinge Arie ae 1) te ee ee Kalispell, Montana
CONVERSE, JOHN: (Acts er eee eee Sit Philadelphia, Pa.
COOMMG Ee EUAN OID alice ee ee ease Saaee eeee. Seme toed Boston, Mass.
© OTN GH ipea ao ce eet co ee ene ee ee Boston, Mass.
52a) ENig LAMAN shee eas So Sen oe ae ees chet Philadelphia, Pa.
INO) Ato SAU Uys weaned no) eat SN a Po eee ee Boston, Mass.
NAO rae Gopal capi Ne ncesaene eh ce acs Jat 1 oe A et Re Worcester, Mass.
NB) AGvATS) oils Ip Wy Nt ies eee ee oe actu, Se ol ee Worcester, Mass.
TO ACvaTom NGG! ede sees evens 12 ese ce eee -...-Philadelphia, Pa.
TD GIN Rec pee ek Poe tee. cee POP ee aOR N Eaten ee New York City
DM MORESD § WiihRAN C22 2.238. oN ee es New York City
DRE Yel vOG Me DIG Nuss reso ee Ae ee ee New York City
LD TSN oN gee) EME OCG Fp ol a ee AACN EDT oe ire GE Be Worcester, Mass.
MB) awake Vane Gr OR GUase eee eens Saree ee Worcester, Mass.
LDS SR ed BE a ee See Pe a eae ee ee ee New York City
NOOO, WV EL LAN Gs Coe oe is ele F ae ee ce te eee New York City
DuULCHERAeVVELUTAM Nts eee eee eee New York City
Lf) deeb Sj apse CA Yoy ob) C8 eal Gy oak eee een ne oer SE eee es en gine eI Lawrence, Kansas
AUP ONG a LU RIAN Cg) Gre tes eo ee Be eee eae St. Louis, Mo.
IE AION EN © WAT RUD rece Sec eee ee dee oa oes eet ws SS Wolf, Wyo.
ERODE ROt as NOR TONG wi otiet estes. 22 eceet cee ee na See ee Missoula, Mont.
FUME REO New) NOATEV AUNTIE Ee Wik == eect wn ee 2 ee Boston, Mass.
HEU SANS FEO) 0) Kaisa Ue See ts oe Pa hs Rot ess ae eee Boston, Mass.
SEAN SERS oes ree Nea ae a ee Boston, Mass.
IBAVAING op) VOCIINCIUR OP EG settee oe eee se 2s Everett, Mass.

Even nicy OR. O} CE a2 ee Se ote eee ee eee ee Worcester, Mass.

Buys WAND O!o tos 2eee wee nee oe ee sce te pease er eee Southboro, Mass.
sre Pili Gee eee ete ag Ee eae aes nee eee Chicago, Ill.
ERs ELEN Wr once oa ca seen eee eee Newark, Ohio
ORBES, CATES ANDER. 1255 /ater Sep ates one ee Milton, Mass.
RoRB ESE RANCISUD ste- 4 55.5 te) pean eee eot es ot eS ou Eee Boston, Mass.
MORBES; Ais. MIORRAV cx: the 2 toe Dee Rie ed Fee ee ee Boston, Mass.
TE ORBING V1 CT ORs aoa ee eee eee Boulogne, sur Seine, France
ORD ain SSE eS ee ae eet nese ee ee re OR Brooklyn, N. Y.
UR RMPAIN = Vines erating i Hits o-oo tees eet eek ae ee Boston, Mass.
EGREENIGED So vee elie pees eee ee ee See ee Re Davenport, Iowa
GeaGie Rs EVO Win Res ies ose eet ee ep .....Worcester, Mass.
SRC oy gd Liege) Dee iin reene Naan aed me oreo e Sa Pi eee ee Sr ence Worcester, Mass.
GATE ESO Nc yc re ee se eee ee ee New York City
Gee Gae ae Tg ed oe 2 ee ee ee eS a, Sena see ne Chicago, Ill.
Ginson,) Miss Many Kis... 308 ee Philadelphia, Pa.
(GRAIN Ie MIPANTD ES O Niceee sc ee Ie ee ee ee ee New York City
GRATE WIC IG) Boe, see oe Ae as es eee Pee eee ay pee SU Buffalo, N. Y.
MOAT, ea AUN Ts UR oi, oe Se ad We oe wl sac eR S New York City
EAT rR EDs Wirria i sR Usshii ae ee oe se eae es Boston, Mass.
EV ARRISOINS Wt Aas erscee oe eee sree nO Le ou ee ge Pittsburg, Pa.
IEETVANPRSNGTSETGES ES GURY Ta ged ey EDT Te Tif eee ee vou New York City
PAR Bry VERS LO WARD oes) es ees eae ene ee Pittsburg, Pa.
LUA RINGING COEUIN CONV, cee eg ee hee ne ee Worcester, Mass.
EARROWwER ORs DAVID se te ee eng ee eee Worcester, Mass.
AEDS Wyse Vg fe pS ee 2 es te cea eet She eee Buffalo, No Ye
VNR. eed hot el he eee ck ees es Re ee eek eee ee Lincoln, N. H.
SETI NISEVACW 5) lO EDIN = eee ewes ee ts, 2 See eee Providence, R. I.
EVENS EEA TAIN Ves ce a ge ek en eas Greenville, Miss.
ETE R SCENE Is ChB Mae NS: Oooo es oes 8 See ee eee ee New York City
| peepee t 2) Du (0) of sal SPenMmteee ee ero A MOE oon nee) oe Me Rema es eee Boston, Mass.
STAG NTENGEIN ge Ros Gs AGE a re eee re re Ae AB ee Cincinnati, Ohio
HOnGr PROS. © LUO Niele eee eee ee Worcester, Mass.
ROR se OU ea eled oe Se Bo ce ea ee pore Sk ns Ao ne Quebec, Canada
HOOPER. JeROFS ERANKLIN VV <2 ee ee ee Brooklyn, N. Y.
TEAC S gee APA RS es soos ea cee he eee ee ee Bryn Mawr, Pa.
TORN AD AW. URS | Wl A MG Lo Sooo eee oe eee New York City
PLOW GIETONG © GRMN TT 19 poison eee ese eee eee Boston, Mass.
HiveeAnps OuEIOns 0226. cee close ee ee ee Boston, Mass.
1 Map. 9 22020 op AO aS Come a Nie ena nnet nat heh ears Nan een per enemre PRE Pittsburg, Pa.
BRR BR Wiss eee ce eas a ee reece Chicago, II.
ReMor GEGEENS ONG td OEMIN Sos os a ec cenecce Georgetown, N. J.
TED vip tei AGRE UR oe 2s eee ee New York City
bse) ORNS sce ace ee ve er a Ee eee Bath, Maine
RASC We DE AG sole Sasa = Ss eee ee ek Boston, Mass.
JACKSON, (PROF. ROBERT Pio 22.22 Be ee Cambridge, Mass.
iA Mie PRS Ree en ae a ee oe Boston, Mass.
JAMISON: CHART RS ACs oes he Ao teed e eeeee e e New York City
URW S WW Ase 2 ae eee a eae ne ne ee Boston, Mass.
TONS ee ae ee sa le are eee ae Topeka, Kansas

JORDAN; SOR: DAWIn STARR 2608. a i ke Palo Alto, Cal.

UIs Haroon) epee ae rer st ahs ad te es Chicago, II.
IRGIIRUME Ml UR OD ORD: 1 22286 2 ews Seas ae New York City
Ramprese yin A SVWARREING = oe ee Philadelphia, Pa.
KENNEDY AO Rei ARRIS = 22 25 26S fs West Roxbury, Mass.
IKGaNey ON GeO Gn Aveta we en tO OT oes St. Paul, Minn.
IKGUNINIENS PAG Spl ee eotete oe ae ST Te i Worcester, Mass.
IKGINGN a Veg IVEQRRTS: 0m ete 8 oe 28s Po Oe New York City
KRBUEZNTAINN = IR. ELRNRY 420 ots) San Francisco, Cal.
Kaur Rone. AW OUP I. esos. Ss el A New York City
TEANGDON 9 Ro WOODBURY Gis ccc-2c snc oer New York City
Vay NCI 0y 6G) OM CXS DUS nd ale Ce Whitinsville, Mass.
DUNES ON Op Cp OP Cael ICCY<h O.A1 Sheep tae ene ee Whitinsville, Mass.
IA WRENCGR OA MIUIE, (Gy 23:820 ie" - 522 eee Nk oe Medford, Mass.
Terxpriee reine x ORG Fi, tes cote ee Arc ee a Yate Boston, Mass.
INC OMN AVON Oke eee. oa eR a es le Worcester, Mass.
| CLUSION CLO TO ACA Senate ae oe a Une Oe eee eer Re eae a Wyncote, Pa.
Weoner, Jr. Jha ee ay eee ge ten eae as ay Dt Swampscott, Mass.
MTD ai EL AUR Vee, Vos 2 tle ae Le eee ee Boston, Mass.
low NDESs Mins: ovm: -2.2. 2 ne) i Ae Cumberland, Md.
IbweAste Rm mRiCeAj oe) a. thee oS ee ee Brooklyn, N. Y.
NGNENUAUN speek EU OWOR Efe. foo 5.02 fe seer a ae eee ae Brookline, Mass.
MGC ait IRTCHARD 27200. eee ie A Philadelphia, Pa.
IMIG RE Bs VV 5) aoe cae ee ee yeas st See Chicago, Il.
INTRA era) omit ae notes ere mye eee os ee es Worcester, Mass.
Mifare wD Ay ee! eo ee eee Bre Ae Tees Cambridge, Mass.
MaARsraii,, ©. S:.22..22225.: DEE ed un Es ee Oe Worcester, Mass.
IVT ASEtaE TONGA Gram ta tees nes ee ese Poe es ET AN: Franklin, Mass.
INV ASrTe Te ING eV Vice ene ke, es ot ayn el on eee Pittsburg, Pa.
MGR RIECK a Resid Sa VeAUGEUN se ol eee te ee ee Roxborough, Pa.
Wintersun rea Cee leeemeee et Sa oe siete ES ae Pe ee Pittsburg, Pa.
INCOR GAIN RES Ui ee ee ee ee ee Worcester, Mass.
MORSE wiVISsm MR aNiCRom it. -e 2 id ey lle a Boston, Mass.
IVIOSE Spe VV SLIT WAIVE 9 Telus Deco cet ge ie eee ease Tilton, N. H.
OSBORN ME ROMs IEMWINIR Yeuba st So eee ee New York City
| Eee oy CHM oy 2 Gs 0) Re ee eae Southboro, Mass.
| EN 00 09 en ea A ee Washington, D. C.
EE ANEN TR san V VANE TUAW cote ek oe, SEP ne. ese eR I Chicago, II.
EVAURIRAR Mu ee are See ae nse es ee Concord, Mass.
PCE RSONGS ld ew OGK 2/850 ee ee Philadelphia, Pa.
IEPACTETE ON sia VV in dn se e wars e Dg e se OE sce eee Saad Boston, Mass.
Prary; CoMMANDER RopertT E.........-..--.-2-..-.---2.2.- Washington, D. C.
PENEOED?. Wittiant ElAmiC 2 ee New York City
IPUCECHT AR Dy, © A gp eoeees oe oe eee oS ae Rope ee New York City
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1 AONE sp paas EVO. Gea DL NI) 2 pea ae ea SUDEP Oita ee eee Re AR Oe Boston, Mass.
J BAO a 8 yay ol (J) P5 OBE E13 BRT Sfew cece ae edits oe Wat am partner Une Boston, Mass.
PAUHTAT DZ eB AUI PIE See ae se Mein Mest Se ee ae eee a ee New York City
VAD OR De ALAR Vom Vises sae es he en eee ee See North Creek, N. Y.
IERSACNID OTE Ee peg ND GUAURY Lip eee = ae eee ee Morristown, N. J.

paed
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RANDOLPH Mites = EVaniNiy) Wisccase eres eee eee eee Morristown, N. J.
REYMERSHOFPPER, GHAR EWS 2222s. a2e stare ences eee Galveston, Texas
UWB ED), PURAN Rese oetec sto asee see Raita weet eaten eee ee a Cache, Oklahoma
SAUNDERS) Uber icc c. sic ees AON oe a eee eM Salt Lake City, Utah
SCOPTEED, > WUGUUANe, Bs. oi oace oe cecea cee cet n came aeecence eee Worcester, Mass.
SmLTmES, Nins. VW pita oo eee ee ee eee Philadelphia, Pa.
SETON, ERNEST: DHOMPSON 2.22256 -25e0 gece s-ces ocean eee eneaee Cos Cob, Conn.
SEYMOUR, [UDMUND 2. cso20-ts feo s.32. haa cyte oe New York City
SHUR AS DIGS ELON GOR GW fede. a cosee so neceaxeneme rete a Washington, D. C.
ROP EU e (hl Bo & Gab wh LOY 0) 0 eae ae re ee Rn em a Se oR ee Worcester, Mass.
SMEEET,, ERAN By ei setend oe T eee oe ates eee Worcester, Mass.
SMITH, EV AIRES Wisp stom rn erent scetSeac ae ee Sat rete a ees Worcester, Mass.
SMITE, 7Ji. Ge RAM. nto ose. fos eee ae co) ee ete ee New York City
PSS IMEL ES ELigt -c) | OETIN Magoo se se ee eee ee New York City
ROUT GaP s Bye Ji aga A NO OAc Sa ig See ae nee ee tea ed Worcester, Mass.
SS MISE VV sa EN DIN CSTs Bos oes cs 2d ieee sce a ecte see, kha ae Philadelphia, Pa.
SAE IN Ghigp I OEION ee pees 2 cre oe os own eee Ses ene See Boston, Mass.
SSPAWMSDIN Gi, VIRGRET ET Ss ose oon co eae sae emcee acces secs ssusedcansee anes Chicago, Il.
SPUAUIEIDIN Gay VV REE WAM a S)cs nse eo senen eae rk ee aes ues setae nes Boston, Mass.
STEPS GOs pastes cos eee eee ee ee eh DAR eae Cincinnati, Ohio
Siiitwielis lewis ab ..tes 28 ees Se ere ee ee Lakewood, N. J.
STO INIE oi ary etme tear Sa ee re ee, 7 econ eeene Ws, eae Cleveland, Ohio
STONRERIDGH : ©ART MS) Gly ses =. eho ee ee ee New York City
SDRUORGIS, (CHART MS!) WW 6 8e se: Cocco oe See eee stan hace eee Been Boston, Mass.
SG WAVES ANT On UTR WORD eae oetees ae vaca seen een ese e ee New York City
ULGEWAN, < Lrto mais Tal 22.22.55 2c fen: tocaceac cs one caec cata seaqee cases Worcester, Mass.
APA TOR) EOWA coos ate cue te ena ote reseed Sects tec eee ee Worcester, Mass.
Tayvton, U.S. .N., Lr. Commanprmr Mi. Men. -..--.- Boston Navy Yard
ALVA ORV Webs eee seeee a By ase mase 2 Soha ebd ee cl ares eee Worcester, Mass.
FREE AW VEIN S/AMOUIN, oc 2s oe Se ee ec neces New York City
HernAww | Miss) wale N(R Te DAY ee O22 ee Seether eee New York City
BIN ER ASB eh OAR Siig see oe sates hes ens eee 2 er ee Worcester, Mass.
IPTORNDIR ES 7 NUGUSTUS = cees.<2 ee belo cae ete ee Boston, Mass.
TaoORNDIKW, OR, LOWNSEND: Wosi2 223 ee ee Boston, Mass.
(EOWNSEND,{ CHARLES "©, 25: ls ois n teense see mene Philadelphia, Pa.
TOWNSEND, (CHART WS) W gates 22ccececccccsscuees tee een eee Boston, Mass.
TROWBRIDGE Winss) IGOUISE Aes e520 sees cee New York City
SU pe CeTee WW tN eo ek ig 9 ae ee eats eee Boston, Mass.
PING KRM AUN 5). VV Alle ER EN cnctne cease ot See ee eee Oe nes eases Washington, D. C.
Ups m, GrorGneB <= 222 ie ee ee Boston, Mass.
Visi VN ORDEN,. WAR NIBR, Mi oo 3 ea eee eS eecee New York City
WANG Nae DR OR WEEE 2 ye eee ae, Sanne eee ene oe ee Boston, Mass.
Wo ORES, SIR ODOR Ss. 222 ecoee oee cee eee e Philadelphia, Pa.
AVA Tre RGN os SAUNA ED Tis oh ae ee ec oe eee eh Se ee eee Boston, Mass.
VV EACS TIES USERINTT er EJ GTN: 1) re a Se renee See Worcester, Mass.
VV AUD TRE Ssy VW ies Wicd ee ee SE cn cen os ee Pittsburg, Pa.
Weiss" GORGE Woo) ene te rece Southbridge, Mass.
WEED ARTO Ne Pls AOR eae ee are oe as FS re eet ...-Philadelphia, Pa.
A162 Gop sp 0) : ew Wey 5.9 UCP U I): el & (eee caer Reais ene Ne rms Sip oer ee as Bryn Mawr, Pa.
WEL ING WV DD LTA Me osc cee ee eee eee Philadelphia, Pa.

NAGE Oy ose) NLU ofl ei pean ee Boston, Mass.

fia tah open I cePaa (C0): @ fae) i A Re ee al New York City
NiaiGis (aw is (aie O22 2 0p eee ae a a Whitinsville, Mass.
WWVEHUETI Ns MEARS OMe 260 econ cel coe 8 tho ote ds Sede Whitinsville, Mass.
AYES OD a ee Worcester, Mass.
JAVA BG Oo. BN 7 ee eva me New York City
NAVD OSH 5 Ati cad lee ie obs ale ein eine avg ir ee ae Worcester, Mass.
VU COS OD 0 Ns S00 ee ay een PnP en een et nay Philadelphia, Pa.
WYO OD WARD Drs MG Pe ooo ceca Bel ceetasten sweet Worcester, Mass.
NVRIGH TS: WiIttTAM RED WOOD: 2.222.021: 78Rs ieedeecce Philadelphia, Pa.
WoOuNG, GENERA S- B., Mes. .0b. 7 Yellowstone Park, Wyo.
ZIMMERMANN UNUABGON Wilf 2 es oe es Philadelphia, Pa.
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS.
VaiEy roy wat © oh esto ga © dee ee he eee ee Ee Se Pe a New York City
ENO VE ge oppo ce cue ae eke tee Resa ede he Boston, Mass.
AmiBuENS,, Mus. (George ADOUPH..22-.2c2.---200-0-2o50o-seecccedeeetee Baltimore, Md.
FeNi O48 4 0) Opa O.1-[ OF. 0 : Men ep RO, Saree mn eee ene ee Portsmouth, N. H.
WANG) ODS peal RE fk ea gee er a alo eee Ee Boston, Mass.
Tel gy OHM TOSS (eee Wig © eke o-e seene Sar enti eee Siew amie nen Montreal, Canada
UPS ATG Cet ggs Nice re oor ee Steere ces A eee ee ese Stoneham, Mass.
D BV NGE} 0) Gag ial Sede ieee i are LA ea? Oe OMe Ne eee no Pe PO oe Boston, Mass.
TByReri se VV PE LA ME oe bee ee sees ee ne SB stented fete an Boston, Mass.
Banks, A. BLEECKER........... epee a oak A ii eer ie Albany, N. Y.
WBN eis yh odd LY EP Ne UA 18 00 gs) pe a Re ae ar Baltimore, Md.
BAR TEM, sean! ez. e222 t-te CS nt cen Stsdek ee Portsmouth, N. H.
SR er HES Oe cee ee are ees a ee gee Woodsville, N. H.
SIRT ONG ity Tee Wie 2 sees ae Snes he foo wte eared teeth ce -aesbades Middleburg, Va.
BAY Nines) Minse Bing ldc ett See. ene cass stn acne eres Meriden, N. H.
1 Bo Ue opm Ig 0c 0) mY) ene ee i co ee Oakland, Cal.
IES EATS sore) OL Ng cee ae ogee ag St ape co RE cles St. Louis, Mo.
I BAG UN OYSIEN Ga Opst)s 6 0/768 Of i1 1) ed 6 een ee Uae oe ga ne PPE Glen Cove, L. I.
IAC IUAINT Sia ID) Bee: ow gee ee eee le ee Jobstown, N. J.
IES AUER wad OIG oy pret ne eles Ee ee ee see cn ute Washington, D. C.
IB TET SS aed iNin Va ieee eee ete SNe See ee New York City
sO RRDMIAN: SAMO E Reis. 8 2 fee Fed Sean teeta de Hyde Park, Mass.
IOGGS ste RPV ARTs Wilkes semsees cee tc UAE WS Oakland, Cal.
Blomii see Avi yp bees oes ee ee East Orange, N. J.
BOND ey lel GRDEK OPW. 5 tee tee eee a es oe New York City
I OGRE Meg OB BRD ye oe ote eg FA) Te oes ee New York City
JO WAG EING VTS eee 5 eee ee Se see eas ees deca eee ree eck Cincinnati, Ohio
aXe) 'a Ded Cag 0128 OU Mell Cys a ge A ee ee ee ee ree Mansfield, Mass.
BOWS TONG HO OSHIP Hise... hac epee U1. Ben ht ce eo 2 Portsmouth, N. H.
BR AVION EIMNR Vs eee ene i ees Santa Rosa, Cal,
BRING ee LPTONUAS Ncw oe oe ee a ees ee nil ates BEN ait Maynard, Mass.

79

RE WUS TE 5 ROR AUN Re Sah saps Sone a sep oe eee Boston, Mass.
BRO WATER: WW LGrAM > 2 nd cee es eee eee eee Cambridge, Mass.
BROOKS sy) ELEN Yo ee ee ee Concord, Mass.
BRYAN ESD WARD oe soccer eae ee es Cambridge, Mass.
IES IK Tees Fens Ce cet oe ee eet cee ce ee Melrose, Mass.

Buppy, III., Lewis

....Kast Orange, N. J.

| BLOT OW I) 59 Dar 0 ete 6 Ree am ner Ea ot LE NEE re Base RSP renee PEE se Boston, Mass.

Burnett, Mrs. Joseru C
Buzzarp, S. O
CALLENDER, W. R

Gainey PNR VE 2c ee eS eR, ee tat ecenee rs Cambridge.

Cary, Evizasetu M. L
CARPENTER, Dr. G. C
CARPENTER, Dr. M. A
CarRIER, P. S
Carrorn,. 2s A
Carson, Ropertr D
CarTER, JoHN H
Casemendr, D:. D........
CuaFFEE, Henry S
CuapMan, WILLIAM O
Cuase, H.
Cuurcu, Arruur L
CLARK
CLARK
CLARK
CriarRkK, Epwarp C
CruarK, Mrs. J. M
CieGHoRN, F. S
CLEVELAND, W. B...
CopMAN, JULIAN

, CLARENCE M

Ge.

SUNT OIEUY@MN Vite eter a RR eggs he hang ee ee

Lynn, Mass.
Wilmington, Del.
Providence, R. I.
Mass.
NE e
Mass.

Buffalo,
Lowell,
Lowell, Mass.
Pat Middletown, Conn.
Endicott City, Md.
Germantown, Pa.
Lawrence, Mass.

id te ene ee Ln Painsville, O.

Providence, R. I.
Salem, Mass.
Amesbury, Mass.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Pittsburg, Pa.
Detroit, Michigan
East Weymouth, Mass.
Cohassett,- Mass.
Boston, Mass.
South Newbury, O.
Boston, Mass.

OTR UR NW oe pe eden so ee ee eee ee Everett, Mass.

Couiins, Henry H

CoMINS,
ConkLIN, Frank H
Coruus, Miss MarGaret
CRISAND, CARL
Curry, S.
CurtTIN, Rotanp G
Curtis, Jr., C.
DanieEts, Ricuarp H
DaRLING, JamMEs L
Davenport, Dr. C. B
Davenport, NORMAN
Davis, Miss Erta A....
Davis, Harotp H

DELABARRE, FRANK A..

DELAFIELD, JoHN Ross.......

Philadelphia, Pa.
Baltimore, Md.
Boston, Mass.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Worcester, Mass.

(Siig oe /eng Oe E ROS RO EERE OSE a8. sey NMBA Dc Lai ae Sl oe Boston, Mass.

Philadelphia, Pa.
Boston, Mass.
Boston, Mass.
East Hartford, Conn.

Cold Spring Harbor, L. I.

Boston, Mass.
Oxford, Mass.
Southford, Conn.
eee New York City

pg ee Boston, Mass.

eS New York City

JD stub avd LA GCA af Cee ea ee Se ae ee ee eo ee Lowell, Mass.

ID aerial O Npaeeeaee ae eee hacen sh ete th Paris, France
DOE CGY GS re 8 WN VES el Be ants gtk let ee ee eee Peekamose, N. Y.
Dre @ Circe) NUNS ese ee ea recA Peekamose, N. Y.
DOR RANCH SANViUiE i Messe ees Providence, R. f.
DING politi 0) (© uN eet ely ee Richmond, Va.
VOY oar ob ofa Y Gk Toewre nd © ee A AORN ce a oe Wickford, R. I.
PAS 2 ENDWAR RAS Se tete ote eed ee ee eo Sl Buffalo, N. Y.
HVATIONG, IORANCIS 3922222022- 2222.22... Pu ee aes he Pose Se Boston, Mass.
IE DINEO NDS aco HUN Ve esse Sens cee ee ee New York City
TCO, MORSE eae eee, Newton Highlands, Mass.
IB irn Som Crt Gripes ata a ee Pek 5 ee ee Norwalk, Conn.
AGING Nicta bel ee orem aa a 2 ee a Be eed Stoneham, Mass.
IEW VEAVINIS fe COnEU AUR Steere err ineenS, Aes A on ke ee. Wee Philadelphia, Pa.
SET h DWAR Dg ieee eee See Pa ey ee FA Philadelphia, Pa.
eno we leas (GARTER MI ae. ee ee ee ee ce Boston, Mass.
AES EENGVAND: TD) gu LO) Fae gi Ace oes ee =e ae POL ee tl Se al oe Boston, Mass.
ESTATE NDING lie eee eer AE, OS te Rate Swampscott, Mass.
BOSS ur ANAM Bis basemen foes ee see sc eee ee se North Andover, Mass.
ROSTER, mV EUMUAM biRNIRY 22. 228 koe ee ee Philadelphia, Pa.
ISREE NAN; Rap WAIPR Rd). 2 ooo es ee eee ae Philadelphia, Pa.
Brenom, Miss Main @iniZaABe ie. ....2..0. 22.2... Sale Pittsburg, Pa.
GES NER OSM IRERUALe 2 se eet 5S tee West Somerville, Mass.
(Gah ae DANO npn) See ah pe oe Pee oe ne ener ee Glen ‘Cove, Li. 1., N.Y.
GEENANG Mins a JOSEPHINE) Mi 22-02. coe eee chee Be New York City
(Gromoroieio, Jno. dios; 16k... ee Hanover, N. H.
GinWistVAMESUWW G22 == 2 ee fe ee Se Buffalo, N. Y.
CG ODENYien eA RV erste aoe se Ev aes Meee Ae Philadelphia, Pa.
Gowip,. GEORGE Hi... 2.8.2 £2, Set eae ee eee Santa Barbara, Cal.
GourpsRosmnnele.c ae eee see Le oe Fitchburg, Mass.
GIANT ES AL em oC WS oh ek een a ee cee tae ee New York City
GRAY, PAR BERUs/.. 25 = 22 eae ae a AES, New York City
GROAN Va SEU OE SUNGDD 2 x ee ooo a a ee el Ae OR a Boston, Mass.
GRAYSON CHAIN Satya ee ee eee Philadelphia, Pa.
GRU ET He mV CAITRIN Ny Gets 2 oe en ee Philadelphia, Pa.
Grooms List ee se ANTS Savy 9p v8 Th ee Op, les Warrenstown, Va.
GUNIMER? ab REN CKGe le oar ie oo A 5. Atlantic City, N. J.
PLGA, UCARURYS Ges 2o3 tees. 2 cere eee set Pe ee ora Schenectady, N. Y.
EWAN NIANSOR ID Gras Witte: 2 ek wee ee ee! Portsmouth, N. H.
PCSRIBIS ONE EUAN PEGE WW 2. A828 oS ret a ae ee Pittsburg, Pa.
EARS OG Ein GC eeleeeee ee ELCs Re tee he eed ee ae Sewickley, Pa.
IW Anre AUN eWay etiam gt Sk Les Hamilton, Ont., Canada
Fle RISse NONGG ONY. eee Meme eset cease bc cceek. Philadelphia, Pa.
IT ELGAVER 1 ap Le Ln NR Vane Vk ee ee deere oe ee es Be eee oe Boston, Mass.
AERIS ak ©) as Oe arate ee Ls seeas See ee New Orleans, La.
ISlAgHEtAR Oe, IMEOINOAR) See ee ee New Bedford, Mass.
ETOAC eae IANS Kage See alee oe, Lond REN EEL ea ee ele Redlands, Cal.
Fede GT AUN en Vise NAR se OE on ea, eRe Pittsburg, Pa.
Jabteisyaa. Jalninese (Cron ee ee eee PN NG pee a eee Hyde Park, Mass.
EU 12, aD Rem EA OiAUR De KOREN) NED Vi 2-8 2 he eee Philadelphia, Pa.

| Op ot PP Ea Peron eet de a re ee Baltimore, Md.

Honan < Tisro Meas) Vesa oo cas hen tose sec eeecce toca cste tees Philadelphia, Pa.
On MES cOs WW saioee ee Ace eee Soe ee a eae eee Newton, Mass.
PIOP KING). WiOOU WOR UE et canet ore eae eh ee oe eta Woolworth, Mass.
ELOR TON, ART EUR ABs 22a, eel oe ee Lexington, Mass.
FLOW ELT,” EIN DAMEN = 2. conte So eter erent eee eee Long Hills, N. J.
ELUIDEKOPER;, WIA GIS i226: ee sees ee Sand Creek, North Dakota
FLUMPIIR INS, RICHARD (C2222 tiie ete a ese Uphams Corner, Mass.
BRN MC WARTS Wire stesso eee ce eae eee North Charlestown, N. H.
ELUM ds, rz Ae et VV ces oe re eee eae Pasadena, Cal.
Je Gon fanaety fw BRS! dag 8 Op igal C same: 2 ale anne Speen eee mee Pasadena, Cal.
PN a ye Mass pr Ace Vee ee oe ce Bae Rea cee ee ee Pasadena, Cal.
LU RD ED WA Dig Ns oon tc See eee ee ae el tt ae Milton, Mass.
iy mee VAR yA TAT Dn eee oe ee ee ee ere Baltimore, Md.
SJOEUNISON | Ac MURINIGSTS cee. 2 ces Bere ore eae ee Concord, N. H.
VOHINAONG WERE RAT se cer eo eee ee ere Boston, Mass.
JiONTS AH DWARD ALUSSHE Lecce. eed eee Fort Washington, Pa.
JIORDANSS VUISS CTAR A: Ms = 4 soe ae ee re ee Brookline, Mass.
Kinin ye JOSmPr: Alsi ie Se ee eae Pittsburg, Pa.
1G on Os Opera OO Te © of SINS ete ee ee eee a eR E nae San Carlos, Ariz.
KUEN DAU IGy VV oy oct ete eee center caer hee Se eee Bowdoinham, Me.
DG Bp) 2) 0S 7. 2 0 ee aA a tL ee Pe ey Smee Baltimore, Md.
KanvER ne VirsseMiAnv yA) ee re Providence, R. I.
IGEN ZAG SSeS gs cee cce see ees ee once en he Pe ee Lansdowne, Pa.
KEDUREDGH SDs re eee oe Hastings on Hudson, N. Y.
TSO rae oe Gp Ne Fo ec we ae as ee See St. Louis, Mo.
IKKORNE ETCH: Jie Di WARD= 26.22 ine eee oe ene ee Milwaukee, Wis.
pO. G23) 28.0) 1h) ete ee ge ee a ee eee ey Manchester, N. H.
DO Ge op 7 ep ws (Sa De ee cn tae eee ene ea eee ee em eeene cole vee ate eee Beverly, Mass.
[a Movin RAN GIs 4) 220 ee ee ae =. sPittspurg, sas
en Gams TO MUA ye2ee- 202s eee Boe eh eae ea re ao Pid ee ew Pittsburg, Pa.
PEDIC O TAN sy UENS EIR Tra soe sea nee ee ae eee ca ee Boston, Mass.
GUNG OLIN, PRCUR Wor OR Di Re s2 oe: foe 8 eee cee te ee Pittsburg, Pa.
Tessa se ey MA Noe eos eee ee cas eee ee ce Paoli, Pa:
| Gs yi By of) Bou ais Ok: ee ener eae ere sees coe ar ee RRRe Tn es Boston, Mass.
WomeGsrRE iE, “Wi. NORRIS <ie22. occas ee ttes Sere eres ee Philadelphia, Pa.
TSONGST REDE.) VAT LAN WV, sooo coos ate eee assets oe Philadelphia, Pa.
TOR Dey BR OR A isso ee 20S ee ee: eee ee ee Boston, Mass.
Konp Mires, Nani Pie eno ee ee a ee es Kennebunkport, Me.
TSORING, Jia! AEE Neots Sooo ee ee: see nee eos eae wet te wetscers pire Petes Owego, N. Y.
TO RRIEINIG se WW sig Crea see ce cs coe eae ce me me ee Cece ee ee Boston, Mass.
TEA GAB J SO NER oso fee ee eee Pie eC nee Bryn Mawr, Pa.
MiG@rORE,, Wain ER Psy nee te eure eeec eater eee Paeeaeee Philadelphia, Pa.
IMicIianim, (Mins: Arran ioc 20 2 2c tees Oe. eseeconetceannrescaterntces- Washington, D. C.
IMG IMins TANI DANTE Nooo ee nc eed ace eee eo ae Las Cruces, N. M.
MPA C OWNER, :sE R AN nc Gr ooacesee eeeet aa eeeee Boston, Mass.
IY WS BCR B 4] 2c en Meh eee iM a oes eee, ae eee Peon Brookline, Mass.
IMUAINUN VAC Ene Wo oe eoee eee ee Buffalo, N. Y.
MEAN TN IMIS, SS So, WW ooo ce ee ree re eee eee Baltimore, Md.
MANSFIETD, (PERUEY Bi222 253-5 Sorc i eee ee Lynn, Mass.

82

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INDAR ETN © JAMES OT EP EVEN 22. 2:0 0ci<c.tbibe sc. -ctissL sec seteesececee Philadelphia, Pa.
IVICASERDEEN Ge Glcp WV DED 820 te 22 coe een atl sem sce 2. Desc denweseace: Philadelphia, Pa.
UW Ge 2h 3 00.011 oad CAS tee ere RE er eee ee Jamaica Plain, Mass.
DY GAT By OY STN 6 0 6 0.8 0 8 ee Baltimore, Md.
IVETE WS OINiy SUMING Rs WV p- oan ons Set ce- i cocecke cata cotesadeceecenttas Minneapolis, Minn.
IVICA Te ET Wy A Dh ees ESS e222 ease ce cccndcendeece Boston, Mass.
VIA ETENW,SOIN woke keto es tees hd AL tele ee Hanover, N. H.
iVinsaip ergs: CeNUnE PAE | Se te obese ee East Hampton, Conn.
IU ETE O4 SA a by ae ee i Dorchester, Mass.
DUG rp ph dee B) se) ene EERE A eo ee rn ee eee Boston, Mass.
ManrcHent, J < Gee 8 RI ask Rss SS at cy ose Brookline, Mass.
dy Lo 2 fos Ge) DD RE Se ee ee Providence, R. I.
IMIOR ETS NERS AW ISUER eh. 2 ot. et ek ee eas Overbrook, Pa.
INTORRIBOIN, AV Vi MLEAM (sc 828 OS Tee sast decare tei sgests2 Croydon Flat, N. H.
INT Reinipepe nope pice sees 28 verve ts boots. 2 ca 8. Maas cg ee Sah eccedeedecte, Pittsburg, Pa.
VIC elie tag een ae SS Se so Rg ase Sa Baoase sade Pittsburg, Pa.
AVA STE pen VACATE GEE NR os oo saab oe eee coe x ose RG ose lace Amherst, Mass.
JAG ICO 2) pe ee OF £2 fe a ee ett ee Lowell, Mass.
NROSBONE OVD GO: ests Bee ne 25 ete 8 Ae eds Bobcaygeon, Ont.
Om TTON,: Ji OEDN Mi net asc. tee el eal ate Sea Stow, Mass
DY (ofre BS 00 090) SAR | ape ga a etre New York City
Vives hu VIRSHANIARY. Eds: 2000. <.cctictecutent.5o:00 ecese neta. Washington, D. C.
UNFSS RIG EES gy LCERO MAS tsa coe ect a oad se eens esate 2 Beet Lowell, Mass.
IN irene Tagh lc OES cee eel Poaceae hed ete Buffalo, N. Y.
INE WBOLD snd OFLN (Di. 32 feet eesti ee Norristown, Pa.
INTCHOUS .ViRSs SASEOR boi. 22520 fa Se Nas Buffalo, N. Y.
INORMAN, GrrTRuDm (CLARK)... 2:2-0205.-cccte- cet oes eseteeeeci cess Newton, Mass.
UNGER S eis Nal een eee ce 2) Le aches 8 een Rene. AO Portland, Me.
(ONO C2 SR Rr at en eee ee Seattle, Wash.
LO es asi oVeU ota TV, BER Ne ge dec ee Roslindale, Mass.
CORINA Wis Sea eee ah As ee el ee Stoneham, Mass.
J EVA ty) R012 el DP ae nc ae pee Ser Ke Boston, Mass.
| ETT 5.05 SH Ge OC) 516 eis es ae as Boston, Mass.
| EOFS 78 etl [es Dante AP ee ee ea eS eee Cohassett, Mass.
AR RISHM wIVOSW Hilt 5.002.205 .t i oeeie neste hn ee tS Brookline, Mass.
| EIN 07 ps Jes 211 M8 (O05 Sc ec rae ene Philadelphia, Pa.
EIACUsbsptdl etegae INR. AON Ge es cee aE Fatal) ee Philadelphia, Pa.
AE PANar geile alioay Whe eee NEE. ah Nes eee ee ee Philadelphia, Pa.
PAur, SAMUET: ILOLGINGSWORTH -..-.----!2-..-2:--/-2--2-_- Philadelphia, Pa.
Je No er W\4YA 6p 0, 2-5 Gale Whe 6 peer ee Philadelphia, Pa.
) Gea ONDE op ieead Bre © 8 02) £1171) be ee ee Greensboro, N. C.
Panigey Mies GH ORG te lie sea oe eR TL Fe le ese New York City
IPE QUIGIN Oils /A MURS IU geen oe tee ee seein Se ee Philadelphia, Pa.
Prrov, Mrs. Cusnims POuLPNE Ys 2.22223 sc.2 2 te Philadelphia, Pa.
Rarer see Wee Vee een ee enn ene ma a oe Lake Wilson, Minn.
IPERS ONG hice Divine eee oo eee en. a Pasadena, Cal.
RoE EER SOING pee NEDO WW SS ete cheese kee Shee ee ee eee eee Pawnee, III.
[Piowearien, JG lane NGyope ee py ge Philadelphia, Pa.
PIT BRIG Hone Ape ome neal ee ee cd sere tl babe West Somerville, Mass.

Prpen; PRANGIS: 22.420 e. soe oa coo tal eens Arlington Heights, Mass.

Preen, Mikey FRANCIS) 22 -s2-.222-6 ee eee Arlington Heights, Mass.
Pray (WASHINGTON 22a e cee os a saa Baltimore, Md.
PrumMeEen; WALTER ON. 2 32 a ee New Bedford, Mass.
RO OR yrPA NTS UR se ee 2 he ne ee eee te See Boston, Mass.
POPE WG WORGMACS 25 oo cee ee ee, eee ee Baltimore, Md.
| Eero oi a © sip 0) Lee eater, eS er EAP cao AOR OREM oe eer Detroit, Michigan
PRTG Heo epider EIR GROAN ie eee ere eee era ee Philadelphia, Pa.
RUASNGID top Ds Gre Rees ee 2 A Be 2a et nance ane Boston, Mass.
[Pu CSCOp UDR ORO VAL (BD 2) Oger Seta Beir RS 2 ea ee Rene Ore Washington, D. C.
RVI ODS? HU Rei drat bisector ne eon See eae Boston, Mass.
IPF Cou otal Ors 0-0: cy 0f< Am eMaeeninr See eel See Pena oh a eee eee Worcester, Mass.
IRE AR Siok AIUD ee ee eee Ellsworth, Nebraska
RTCERNTOINDDS HENRI Del, 22 eo ee eee es Re eee oe eee ee Brockton, Mass.
| ire won 20 Gy wl Bris 4 Gary. Weld D bee pee Sak ere nce eee es West Philadelphia, Pa.
RO BIER TIS5 abel er LUND CMR RR ae = noe eae eames eee weer Villa Nova, Pa.
| Recor eras ret, 1D hog op oy op cl Beye pea ae sa ee eg ee ee cee cee Boston, Mass.
|B PCa ss Ofsyo ed G/N AINE) Wt © ee Be eee eh gece et a ee Salem, Mass.
IEG WVstc aad pos Ne oe 2 ea ee cae eer Manchester, N. H.
|e Aap sts oi by ety fe Wy ol Oo BY SOS Jee eee 9 ae eens one ree eee Boston, Mass.
GUSSET oRS' MGA Y: tees: ae cee seen ec cecet eee Brockton, Mass.
IRC es I ty AR O GR So cece ae ee eee eee nee Lawrence, Mass.
SFACUTINIDD TERS ysl@ EV AUR Si Cues 22 eke et ne eae ed Seas aes ee Boston, Mass.
US ci (rehra Op 1 ead OS ate Se eee aes AA ee Beene eer Set A or Baltimore, Md.
Seay Tee TTC PEN RIAIN oe re a ae eene pe Calumet, Mich.
Soh Dil sO aeiee] os (tl & ae te nna eRe Oo Sgt ee ee ees Pittsburg, Pa.
Secon TaD MIAN Li gcteteml EG 0 Ope Ope scenes yo peers ERA ene nemeesee nce co acne Brookline, Mass.
Simons eG WORGE El 22 5 eeae ee ee esate North Andover, Mass.
LSAT TS fy 0 coe tp ar ae ee RE ee ee eee ert Boston, Mass.
Gera AUD ese ae cen ee Be eee et ee = prec eeeeeee Providence,RI.
CY Gr taeh & el 0 a 1 So ae a ge ee A eee sree Pe New York City
Sg EET Gee) pO) 70 ey co (ae eee eS RE Sere eee tere no Worcester, Mass.
SOG a Cee NY BSC C a Oped Chaos Gag eel nee esha ene e nee Serer erates: Philadelphia, Pa.
Smitu, WALTER GEORGE..........---.------<-<<-----<2-2-2---00e0---2* Philadelphia, Pa.
Swim Dr Wir WAM IORI 25ers tere cece Boston, Mass.
G Oe ee EDN Ese ee a oe oe eee Arlington, Mass.
ESET LIS) SORTING coco eee ee ae ee Arlington, Mass.
STEVE OH bypass ae oO ea Ne eek cece eerie ten Worcester, Mass.
SPI AG Units sy GIA AC ie eee eee eee Wellesley Hills, Mass.
GivARBIRD, OBERT sccs.c. 255-2202 ee cee eee Buffalo, N. Y.
STEW ies ag Bane ae eee ei SO eM nee Sa eeeeeame Westwood, Mass.
Gimmes Mins SL GRR 28 2 cae cece eee ee eee Baltimore, Md.
Gyre RNS CORDATE ed otc eee ee Brookline, Mass.
Girone, “CmuAtR ag Aco = ese e e eeeceeeee eeeeseaeece Boston, Mass.
Groin, EAU TES 9 WV ceca ce ote ee nee ee ene Boston, Mass.
Grr Nii ETO IAS Uo sc oa we eee cee Danvers, Mass.
Src VR Tiss (CO UAVS ly, 2ee sys acess ere ane _.....Philadelphia, Pa.
IAN AU NeR DS Dong) O) Noel cl We enna Sere M hee PSE eS pete reer cme scme seo a Somerville, Mass.
S[WA va OR OMEN Voss ee Se ely de ak Ne a Ee are eee Washington, D. C.
BICAGV17 Riss USS ON eco eee ee eee New York City

Nae O C Kes GC LARGE S pt ee ee New York City

MIMEC ARR eS YING Wie se ee eS Uo Philadelphia, Pa.
EON OR © OURCVE VW co25c ce leet UM eee ose e es Baltimore, Md.
ET ORINDIK EA TURGIS eli. eee ek re A Boston, Mass.
PIR OINTIRGIINGS O Nis st pak Sete eh eee Rk ot oe Lebanon, N. H.
MROWINSEN Dag LORS GANG ARG tes os ee pen, a! Dg ee AL Worcester, Mass.
ROW NSEND «| OHARTES Pie sof es et et New York City
ANG WNISEIN be HV IR OG eee ee Fk eee Gi ee Boston, Mass.
MbrAsixe we Vin SeenON ra) eee Germantown, Pa.
AMS CORRE ers AC ANI ISS 09 yew oes ose Sons cecee eee ues eet Philadelphia, Pa.
BUUDERINIER V7 rel cto bese nee Ee Oe Fernie, B. C.
PGA Ve SERS eo date ce noes oe Be Le ie ee oe es Fernie, B. C.
pen ARE A IKO AT EVERTIN ED Wee once Se ooh ieee Claremont, N. H.
WiptiAW PRE SPONi soso! 6 GA ea es Boston, Mass.
Wirto Nes Cran nse lye. <a oye oS eee ee Lowell, Mass.
WATENDUINE CIARDINS, Poo... ee ee New York City
WA Nea NINE se WEE AR Gr ese aoe we Sheet Springfield, Mass.
VANS SANT VOORDS DEV MOURS..200 0-2. ee Troy; (N.Y
WAANeVVOAIR Tem GS Sus. bese sce cee hee, ts Sands Point, L. I., N. Y.
mV Eis Ve pe NCAA ol, 22 ae eo ee Stee ee OO Sac Salem, Mass.
WHOM S MUO EWN bare. ee 8 ee ee eh Kamloops, B. C.
Weta eS PAUNUE Og tee: eS ek oe hae ete se Newport, N. H.
WESTER WARD Wee co ctr te 5 ee ee Melrose, Mass.
NEAT POE ELU NANI) SOCIETY <<2 cee). toe, os). 2at eee ows Walpole, N. H.
Wace Sat SEONG we. ee A ee Boston, Mass.
VWikninss AN DRInW GRAY). 0o = ee et Boston, Mass.
VV nT Ka Oe Wie Saeed ee ks Philadelphia, Pa.
VW r WURS. (OAROQLINE Mist 22 ke Philadelphia, Pa.
Vers AECL@ TEAR eaten ok ee oe se ee leak Baltimore, Md.
IV VGERUCDLING: MISS ce Msg eee eee ens ee SE Whitinsville, Mass.
NV RC Ratt ssl IAINGKeg ike oo eg See en 8 East Orange, N. J.
AVY Ta PAINT Semel ING Vip Py ee = eee cy ee Si aaa Boston, Mass.
WEEE IRS ec eens es RP eg on Glen: Cove, 'L. 1... N.Y.
WarmorT;. Miss: Dorma AtpRicH... (2. 2.22.2. 2.22.55. eee. Somerville, Mass.
NIA DORSPODS Bs 7a 010. al) ee ek i ec A Co A SE ee Philadelphia, Pa.
WING Ra COETARILES LS, Ses. 5 hae ee ee New Bedford, Mass.
WINTERBOTHAM, JOSEPH.............--- Ae Wen Me Speene aes ts Chicago, Il.
Waterman Vitnss whi Veen tong ee ee sg Se Germantown, Pa.
NY VSB RTS, NY [FACE ES [AB Aa eee ee Re Ps Germantown, Pa.
IWioncommarO Wiviniwe.:<2co ence ee oe Aa Readville, Mass.
IV i0 On oe eu Nee eee eR ee 8 eZ ee a aed ea nee Baer Athol, Mass.
WiooDss Re IG AWRENGE GRANEeL = 2-2 05 a Edgeworth, Pa.
WOODWARD pUROR? Gavin on a ee 2 ket St. Louis, Mo.
NSAID se PANE Get Vir eee eee ee ee Pre ee ee ase ogra 52S Abe Hartford, Conn.

io.)
Or

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“1

REPORT OF THE
AMERICAN BISON SOCIETY

1908

n
ee all

SECOND
ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

AMERICAN BISON
SOCIETY

1908-1909

ie ie tok

My. ee
Vine Te