THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE w-S BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY TO THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 1913-1914 IN TWO PARTS—PART 2 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 o ACCOMPANYING PAPER (Continued) 1 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL BASED ON DATA COLLECTED BY GEORGE HUNT By FRANZ BOAS = y By i i _ “A - / ; CONTENTS. VII. Tue Socrat Divisions oF THE KWwAG'uE Page. Divasionsiandimam es;of chiefs)... ose see 4. /-iacicteae eerie ce tate eae =a io 795 Ancestors and places of origin of the numayms..........---.------.-------- 802 Paintings and house dishes of the social divisions of the Kwag-ul........--- 805 Names of the Kwag'ul eagles and numayms............-.-----.------------ 820 VIII. Famiry Histories Wail of Llan!rqwasila, a Gwafsela woman..........--.-.5.--2--52---22---= 836 Wail of Lianlaqol, a Nak! wax'dafx" woman.......:..------s-.---..-.-+---- 885 Hastorysot whe Manmbag las sect ees a= eae ne am i152, cde eRe soe ees 891 hea Mesinitazeil are cs. s rec. < hc cen case 2m enya jain oe = ne eee ie 938 WiEmAneS Tait Wats) Comores a8 5 Sao. san asee ese peeencasecosaecsc2lonNcssnsneee 951 Wier aey Tanda NAY hepa. ¢e Sa ue Sou an seeNeeeee pcre eSscseepocasesaos 1003 TEbRiomyy Gi ila Waring basrsb AG [Neon Ao cea kes okeeess a SS ses oN osace d= soscase 1080 Tins ILENE SSeS a hee aha p acer hE ae eee aa eeSaebccm sae cea peeeaarSs 1093 Ging Tailstinn tS .46senkseesees asec sober SeeREEeeeEebcpHosenoon qosco Tse acecr 1104 Story of the Letegédé, Qlomk"!ut!ms, Kwag'ul........-..-------------- Eo ily, \ Wien GOS Sok Ba Re ent yan nn en SES Sears ands sade 1121 Wierendsot thelGrexsem, Naklwax- dase ooo ore eee eee 1179 Ikea alia) Jase se aoonen aaa sscEeoweh bs Saaee yee aees Aaeeeoresen afcas as 54 1221 Tse ON AATEC Ene ca see saas Heese se eoe aceon 2 sacsesseansssseecces os 1222 Legend of the Naxnaxu‘la, QwEq'"sdt!Bnox"............--- ae eee Ee 1249 Stonyjot the Narnsx:a ol the Koskimoe esse cse ee ee =e) ice ae 1256 Origin of the abalone names of the Awik’!mnox"..........-.--..------------ 1261 Origin of the abalone names of the GwafsEla.......------------------------ 1269 IX. Sones SOG) Es) og) ae ne een orao=. 35 ones Aen Btoar anes su ae HeE oe cepa Seceeee soc 1279 La/qoLas’ song....-..---- SN een fora fp eioaa Sinisa Se eee SRE Oe * 1282 Sone Gi Oy hin OCR ae ees coo oa dacc cca de aan be Ae eee eee bi ee eae geE Ser 1285 Sonrofelisexewidieee\.. 222 eseeeeeaiea a Oe AE cet Smt Se 1286 Siem Git Ollie Gels seo ossnaac sa nnc. 70s easdosse seu ae sep daacena eer aBaGe 1287 Slams cit Ib (ispyninalbey en 40 shdescodbopens saueeoueessesceReaSumEasassaosse 1288 Shoma oi Ibieniislanccocscdspooscnesassacsosdes sede sus emEseeelEBeosl ees. = 1289 Stare Ot QARCIEY. .p eobecouaqnqen onto teeessa sabe as Desesneadssclamaradmosc 1290 ISRES[, ROME ON INDEARCW AD. os coc goon ag bee sHe sae Hee opeopeood= cme nacoccee 1291 Mourning song for Médafna.........-.-.--- Saale Se ie eee vee eo stejerne 1292 INGE ROWS on a eaonno cues ence ne See ep Sec bo ee ee papa AaeOeenocrioe oe Co5oCeD 1293 _ MERRIE I KOnEG oe sneer se ogedesses aoe ee Do Ed ecoR SEE OsnEEpsecSddsecbE ooccc 1294 Shamianisisongss.-—- eee ces --1- Oia Be Ea He BE LOCSROIOb ERenE OnemanEoreBeTa oor 1296 MOVeIsOnP Poe he ) 2aee neee eee KG RII elke MT fooen ee Sens eee Lax alit Dex ‘ata Sayak:!a Gigiméq !otrla (Nulmal) (Chief Natmat) mpmsgrEmsi‘lak" QosEyé* Xewéeqweédek" Wag !anak" or 15 25 30 35 40 798 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 Name for— Child: Youth: Prince or princess: 5 Chief or chieftainess: Feast: Warrior: Gwegttsa: Ceremonial: 10 (Society): House: Dog: Canoe: Place of origin: 15 Child: Youth: Prince or princess: Chief or chieftainess: 20 Feast: Warrior: Gwegitsa: Ceremonial: (Society): 25 House: Dog: Canoe: Place of origin: 30 Child: Youth: Prince or princess: Chief or chieftainess: Feast: 35 Warrior: Gwegttsa: Ceremonial: 2. Haanarend Male. Female. Adag’‘ilis Adag‘ilisga X-imayo X-imayugwa Tspx'wid LEIk:!Elyugwa Yax‘Len Lételk: lala. Nux"nemis Hélek:!alaga ‘nix nEwiselag‘ilis Nawalakumé (Himshimts !ks) (Tox‘wid) Q!aats !é Hantembés SisEyuLEemala HanaLénewaas 3. Yaéx‘ageme* Tsotaso® Tsolasoga Xwat!a Tsak'us | YaqoLasemes Qlex-Lalaga L!aqoLas Mok liixwitlak? Kwaktx‘alas Poridé Qiqrsbendala T's !pxixtosnlas ‘nax’q !esElag‘ilis Hélik imég‘ilis (Himshimts!£s) (Hayalik-ilal) Amxsrem g‘0k¥ G-ogtindzés, Q!n’Itsem Winaats !é Xtidzedzalis 4. Haiyalik-aweé Wisadze Grnaga K: lenax" Menga L!aL!atawis K: lisogwitlak® Hixtiyosemes Hayalik-awega Gwaxtinay acetic ge ee Yatela Plelxela ‘nandgwis Nenx neng‘ilis BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 799 Name for— Male. Female. (Society) : (Hamshimts!&s) (Bear) House: Héleg-ats!é Dog: Hélég-ano 40 Canoe: Gwex‘sEmala Place of origin: Le‘lad 5. Laxsa} Child: Witalat Genagalat Youth: Bagwané* Ek laxia 45 Prince or princess: Lalak-ots!a Lex'leg‘idzemga Chief or chieftainess: ‘maxtiyalisemé* max nag’EMm Feast: Kwax'sé‘stala L!enk'Elas Warrior: EvacrredEnol’ § i)" Wes eApuee eee 5. Gwégititsa: X'ix'EqeEla DadoxsEmé 50 Ceremonial : Nenologemé Nolmmé‘stalidzemga (Society) : (Natmal) (Notem) ; House: Hoqitilaélas Dog: Q!rltsem Canoe: (No canoe-name) 55 Place of origi: Le‘lad 6. Gigilgam Child: Noté‘lak" Winaga Youth: Memtsalat Mamana Prince or princess: L!at‘id ‘walastala 60 Chief or chieftainess: K!wak!wabalasmmé‘ Lé‘lénox" Feast: Poxedé‘stala Mentédaas Warrior: Walebasyem 's% p>: eee ee eee Gwegttsa: Wabetols ‘nEmxsaxLils Ceremonial: Nenk-as‘6 ‘nasnaqwayed 65 (Society) : (Bear) (PaxAlalal) House: G-oktstalis Dog: Yisetana Canoe: Aléwats!é Place of origin: K laq!a 70 1 III. “‘WALAS KWAG UE (LAQWI‘LALA) 1 1. DzendzEnx’q!ayo Child: Déyadeas g*iyadzé Giyaga Youth: Sextilas Wabido: Prince or princess: Hayalk'engeme* ‘maxtlayugwa 5 1 All the names of the LAxsii are newly invented. 800 ETHNOLOGY Name for— 6 Chief or chieftainess: Feast: Warrior: Gweegiitsa: 10 Ceremonial: (Society) : House: Dog: 15 Canoe: Place of origin: OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 Male. Female. Yax°LEn Hawepilayugwa Melnédzadzeé Hogwéqrlas Kilem PE Hanag‘id Lalk:!u Gwa‘yokilag‘ilis L!aqoselag‘ilis Géwas _ (Hamats!a) (Haimshimts!ks) ‘nawalagwats !é Yixumlats !@ Kwekumala L!aL!eq ixLa 2. Wawilibatyé (and Héemaxsd6) Child: Youth: 20 Prince or princess: Chief or chieftainess: Feast: Warrior: Gwegtitsa: 25 Ceremonial: (Society) : House: Dog: Canoe: 30 Place of origin: Child: Youth: Prince or princess: 35 Chief or chieftainess: Feast: Warrior: Gwegitsa: Ceremonial: 40 (Society): House: Dog: Canoe: Place of origin: Aadot emEk-Ala Aomak’En Yaqalmnila Melnédzas Hémotelaso* X6dzEn6od Hox‘wetaso° (Haimshimts !es) Adagalot Yasrk" L!a’qwiil Llaqwael Mamenlol PépExila Xits !anéde (Tox‘wid) ‘Ayu . slp “a Gox"goktilegé Kraltakwa Winé‘sta‘lats !é malaxtala 3. GéxsEm Gifyaqa Gifyaqaga K lwete® Wagalos YaqoLas ‘maxtilayugwa LaLelit!a Trlts!aas Kwax'se‘staladzeé EL!enk'Elas Keekcalmlayo. > eee ee eee L!Emsétaso® K-éek exelaga ‘nax"danadzé Gigimégq !otela (Himshimts!gs) (Natemal) Bex'se‘staleke Tlsoktiyé Aléwats!é K laq !a BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 801 LV: Name for— Child: Youth: Prince or princess: Chief or chieftainess: Feast: Warrior: Gwégtitsa: Ceremonial: (Society) : House: Dog: Canoe Place of origin: Child: Youth: Prince or princess: Chief or chieftainess: Feast: Warrior: Gwégtitsa: Ceremonial: (Society) : House: Dog: Canoe: Place of origin: Q!6MK'!UT!ES (LOSELQ!WENOX") 1 1. Léq!Em Male. Female. Adé‘stala Adéa‘stalaga Metsa Masmenga G-ayosdédzasEmés Lilaqwaga 5 Haétekumé® Qasrlas Menléd Porrlas Qramkeall aeeiliG zac eee eee ee ee Qasrlas XeEweq" Nolemé'stalis Nolemé‘stalidzemga 10 or Helék-adzet , (Nolmm) (Nolem, or Paxelalatl) LégEemats!é gokwa Liqax’sala SiskyuLEmala 15 OsEq" 2. LéLEged Ormag’‘ilis Ormagilisga Max‘énox" Lidlaga Ek: !awég-i‘lak" Lélrlayugwa 20 Lalep!alas Yrmewas Porid HogqSitelas Gwaxtinnyailisie | eres 2 wens Llpm‘yala L!nmts !anak" Liaqtsnlag tlis Winé‘stalis 25 (Hamshimts !ns) (Hawitnalal) Gdkustaxé P!a’Lelag’ila OsEq" 75052—21—35 ETH—PT 2——_2 30 802 BTHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH. ANN. "5 ANCESTORS AND PLACES OF ORIGIN OF THE NUMAYMS I. GWETELA 1 Lofyalal, the younger brother of L!aqwagila. His father was ‘maxtiyalidzé, | that is Matagtila. He first built his house at K-!ddagala. | Agwilayugwa was a girl among the children of Matag‘ila, that is | ‘maxtiyalidzé, at K-!odagala. Lrnstendzem 5 was the youngest one among the | children of Matagvila, that is ‘maxttyalidzé, who had three | sons and one daughter. | Kutkwak!um, the first one came down at the place called | Waq!a- nak". | 10 Sénu!em, the first one came down at a place called || Yiq!amen. | Laailax’s'endayo came down at Tayagol in the bay of Tsaxis. | Elgiin'wé! also came down at Tayagol, for he was the younger brother of | Lalax‘s‘endayo. | Il. QIOMOYASYE 15 Ktkwak!um, the first one came down at the place called || Waq!a- nak", for the Kttkwak!um first scattered when | ‘maxwa, chief of the Maimtag ila of the Kwag-ul, was | killed. | Hainarena, the first one came down at the place called | Hana- LéneEwaas. || I. GWETELA 1] Lofyalal, yix ts!afyaas Llaqwagiila. Wii, li héem ompsé ‘maxtiya- lidzé, yix Matagila. Wa, lamm hé gil g-ox‘walise K:!odagala. Agwilayugwa; wii, héem ts!edaq!mgés sasema Matag‘ila, yix ‘maxtiyalidsé, lax K-!odagala. Lenstendzem; hézm ima‘yinxés 5 siskmas Matag‘ila, yix ‘maxityalidze, yadukwé brgwankm sisrms LE‘wa ‘nemokwe ts!Edaqa. Ktikwak!um, yixs hiié@ gayaxalisé galiiséxa iwinagwise LégadEs Wag !anak”. : Séni!em, yixs hié@ g'dyaxalisé g-aliis¢xa Awinagwise Légades Yiq !a- 10 men. Lailax's‘endayo, yixs hié gayaxalise Tayagot lax oxnalisas Tsaxis. Elgtin'wé*, yixs hé*maaxat! g*ayanxalisé Tayagol, yixs ts!afyaas Lalax's‘Endayo. ; Il. Q!IOMOYASYE Ktkwak!um, yixs hié gfyaxalisé galiséxa Awinagwisé LégadEs 15 Waq!anak, yixs hé‘maé gil ¢wel‘idaatsa Ktkwak!um, yixs laé k lélax"‘itse*we ‘maxwa, yix gigima‘yasa Maadmtag‘ilasa Kwa- out. Hainanéend, yixs hie gayaxalise g-aliisexa Awinagwisé LegadEs HanaLénEwaas. : BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 803 Yaéx'agemé. He came down at XtidzEdzilis at the lower side of 20 the river of | LEx'siwé.. | Haityalikawé, the first one came down at a place called |! Le‘lad. | Laxsi. These also came down at He‘lad, for || Laxsi was the 2 younger brother of Hélik-awé<. | Gigilgam, the first one came down at the place called | K-:!aq!a, for this is the real numaym of the ‘wailas Kwag-ul, | and they scattered when ‘maxwa was killed, and they went to the | Q!omoya‘yé, though some of the Grigilgim came from the Q!omoya‘ye.|| And therefore Maémalp 'engem was sent away 30 by his | numaym the Gvigilgim of the ewalas Kwag-ul to the | Q!omoya‘yé. | or Ill. “WALAS KWAG'UEL Dzrenx q!ayo, the first one came down at a place called | L!an!n- q!iixta, inside the bay of Tsaxis.|| Walibatye, the first one came down at the place called | ‘nalax- 35 tala; half way up Knight Inlet. | Heémaxsdo, the first one also came down at ‘nalaxtala, for he was | the younger brother of waliba‘ye. | Gigilgim, the first to come down was ‘walas Kwax‘ilanokumé, the father of ||Omaxt!alané® at the place named K-laq!a. | 40 Yaéx'agemeé, yixs hié gdyaxalisé XtidzEdzilis lax gwak: !dtas ‘wiis 20 LEX'siwa‘yé. Ha‘yalik:aweé, yixs hie gayaxalisé g-aliséxa iwinagwisé LégadEs Le‘ladé. Laxsii, yixs hé‘maaxat! g-ayaxalise Le‘ladé, yixs ts!atyanukwaé Hélik'awa‘yas Laxsii. 25 Gigilgam, yixs hié g*ayaxalisé g-aliséxa awinagwisé LégadEs K'laq!a, yixs hie ala ennémémaatséxa ‘walas Kwag-ul. Wa, hé*mis la gwél‘idaatséx laé k-!élax-‘itsn*wé ‘mixwa qa‘s li laxa Q!omoya‘yé, qaxs laxrlaéxa g-ayulé laxa Gigileimaxa Q!dmo- yatye. Wi, hémis lagitas k-ayolemé Maémalp !mngemdiisés 30 ‘nEmémota Grigilgimasa ‘walas Kwag-ul qa‘s li laxa Q!émo- ya‘ye. Ill. “WALAS KWAG'UL Dzenx'q!ayo, yixs hié g‘ayaxalisé galiséxa iwinagwise LegadEs Lian!nq!tixta lax Oxnalisas iene Waliba‘yé, yixs hié@ g-ayaxalisé galiséxa Aiwinagwisé LegadEs 35 ‘nalaxiala laxa negoyatyasa Rameidnmand Dzawadé. Hémaxsdé, yixs hé*maaxat! g'ayaxilise g-alise ‘nailaxLala, qaxs ts!afyaas Waliba‘ye. Gigilgim, yixs hie gayaxalise ‘walas Kwaxilanokumé, yix ompas O'maxt!alanéyéxa iwinagwisé Légades K- aq la. 40 804 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH. ANN. 35 41 Géxsem. ‘walas ‘nemodgwis also came down at K'!aq!a, | for he was the younger brother of Omaxt!alaté*. And Omaxt alae | gave the name GéxsEm to his younger brother. When ‘maxwa was killed, | some of the Géxsrm went to the Gwétrla of 45 the || Kwagul. Therefore the Gwétrla have G:éxsEm, and they also went to the |Godsgimux". The G‘éxspmx’s‘anal are GéxsEm, and there are also | G'éxsem of the Naqmmg-ilisila, and Géxsem of the L!aL!asiqwila, and | Géxsrm of the Na- k!wax'dafy", and G'éxsem of the Drnax‘da‘x", and | G’éxsrm of the Haxwamis, and Géxsem of the Wiwiqé. And all 50 these are || referred to by the G'éxsmem of the ‘walas Kwa- gul, as born of these G-éxsEm, | all those whom I have named among the different tribes. | This is referred to by the old people of the Kwag-ul as “blown away by the | past chief ‘maxwa,”’ when he was killed. And also | the same happened to the numaym of the Gig-il- 55 giim, for they || all come from the numaym of Omaxt!alaxé*. | They scattered to all the tribes beginning | at the time when ‘maxwa was killed, for there was only one numaym | Grig‘il- gim of ‘walas Kwax-ilanokumé, the father of | Omaxt!alaré¢.| Iv. Q!6mMxK'!uT!ES 60 Léq!nm, the first one came down at the place called Osrq’. | LeLegéd, they also staid at Oskq", for Léq!em was his elder brother. | 41 Gs éxsem, yixs hé*maaxat! ¢ di elie K laq la, yix ‘walas ‘“nemdgwis, yixs ts!a‘yaas Ormaxt lalata‘ys. Wai, hé‘misé Otmaxt!alana‘yé Lex*edes G:éxsrm lixés ts!afya. Wai, gil‘mésé k-!élax-‘itsn*we ‘maxwa laeé maxt!éda wadkwée Géxsem lixa Gwétezlisa 45 Kwag'ulé, lagitas Géxsemnukwa Gwétrla. Hé‘misa la laxa Gosgimux’xa G’éxspmx's‘anal, hé'misa G'éxsrm; hé‘misa Géxsremasa Niqemeg‘ilisila Lo* G:exsemasa L!aL!asiqwila LO‘ G-éxsrmasa Nak!wax'da‘x" LO& G°éxspmasa Drnax-dafx" 1d‘ GéxsEmasa Hixwamis Lo’ G-éxsemasa Wiwiiqe. Wai, yu- 50 wistakm gwe'ydsa G'éexspmasa ‘wilas Kwag'ulé marmyuLEma Gigéxsemaxsa liqen LeéLEqElaso® ogttxsemak" lelqwilara‘ya. Hérm ewF‘yasa q!tlsq !tilyaxdisa Kwig: ule yamé‘stan6sa g*i- gimayulas ‘maxwa, yixs laé k-!élax-‘itsm°wa. Wai, hémmxaa- wise gwexidéda ‘nE*mémotasa Grigilgim, yixs hémaaxat! 55 snixwa g-ayulé ‘nE‘mémotas Omaxtlalanatya Gig ilgimxwa lax Grigilgim gwelid laxwa ‘naxwax lélqwilanatya gvag-t- LEla lax ‘maxwa, yixs laé k:!élax“‘itse*wa, yixs ‘nem‘émaé gl Gigilgimé ‘nE‘mémotas ‘walas Kwaxilandkumé, yix ompas Ofmaxt !alata‘yé. lv. Q!omxK'!0T!Es 60 wLéq!mm, yixs haéé@ g-ayaxalisa Swinagwisé Légades Osnq’. LeLégedé, hérmxaa la Osrq", yixs nolanokwaas Léq!em. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG:UL 805 Parntines AND Houser Disues oF THE SociAL Divisions oF THE KWwaG'‘un I. @WETELA 1. Maimtagiila. The front board of the house is painted with coppers, | one on each side of the door of the house. The posts | on each side of the rear are grizzly bears, below on the floor, and eagles are sitting on the| heads of the grizzly bears, and there is a copper on the chest of each eagle.| And on the grizzly bear also stands a man, | and red cedar bark is around the heads of the men. | They are speaking-posts and therefore | the two posts on each side of the door of the houss are named “speaking-posts.”’ | These were obtained as supernatural treasures by L!aqwag'ila at the river of K-!odagala. This is the great|| house named ‘nemsgemsalatelas. There are four | house dishes in the large house, two eagle dishes, | and one grizzly-bear dish, and one | wolf dish. They just stay in the house, and the people | talk about them. I do not know why the chief of the} numaym Maamtagvila, ‘maxtiyalidzé, never gave a feast. That is all| about this. This is called qg!/zlsem (that is ‘‘rotten face,’ one who gives no feast). | 2. Loyalalawa. On the outside of the front boards of the house of | Ts!mxéd, their chief, is the doublheaded serpent lying across Paintines anp Housr Disues or THE SocrAL Divisions OF THE KwaAa'tn I. GWETELA 1. Maimtag‘ila, yixs k'!atmemalaé tsigmmasés g‘okwaxa L!aqwa lax ‘wix'sanéx’sta‘yasa t!px‘iliisa gdkwe. Wa, lii LeLamasa ‘wax'- sotéwaliliis nanéda banenxilité. Wi, li k!tdzmtatya kwekwé lax OxLiifyasa nané. Wa, li pépaq!tiprléeda kwekwekwaxa L!aL!nqwa. Wii, laxaé niné banEnxiililisa brgwanmnmé la Laxtitewex OxLii- fyasa nané. Wa, laem Llagex"bolé géqrx'ama‘yasa bébregwanr- mé. Wi, la‘mésé yiiq!mnt!mqa. Wa, hé*mis lagilas Légadéda ma- ‘le LéLamsa ‘wax'sotstalitasa t!ex-iliisa g’Okwas yiq!ent!mqé Lama. Wa, hérm Logwés L!aqwagvila lax wis K-!odagala, yixa ‘walasé gokwaxa Légadis ‘nemsgremsalatelas. Wa, li mewéxiéda torl- qwalilé ha‘nét laxa ‘walasé g‘Okwaxa ma‘texta kwékwa loqwalila. Wi, hé*misa ‘nrméxita nané loqwalila. Wai, hé'misa ‘nmrméxia airanEm loqwalila. Wa, a‘mise hégwaét laxa g‘okwe. Wa, li 4em -gwigwéx’s‘alasa. Wa, la‘men k‘!és q!4ielax k:!ésélas k!welats!e- noxwé g‘igima‘yasa ‘nE‘mémotasa Maimtag'ilé ‘maxityalidzé. Wa, lanm laba laxéq.—Hérm Légades q!elsem. 2. Loyalatawa, yix gwiilaasas Lidsana‘yas tsagemas g‘O0kwas Ts!mx*édé, yix gigima‘yas, yixs siseyuLats xwaléwatyas ogwixta- 10 15 10 15 806 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 the top | of the front boards of the house, and the thunder-bird 20 sits on the || head of the man in the middle of the double héaded serpent. There is no painting on the | front boards of the house. This house was given in marriage by Hoxawid to his princess | LElélalas, for Hoxawid was chief of the numaym | Gig'Elgim of the Hixwamis. There are four house dishes in the | house, one a 25 grizzly-bear dish, one a || beaver dish, one a Dzonoq!wa dish, | and one a wolf dish. And the name given in marriage is | Kwakwa- xdlas, a feast name of Chief Ts!mx‘éd.| That is all about this. | 30 38.Géxsem. The way the front of the house of || Chief Keemk:n- qrwéd is painted is a grizzly-bear painting on each side of the | front of the house. It is not known where he got it, | or whether he obtained it in war. That is all that is said about this.| 4. Ktkwak!um. They have no painting on the front of | their house, but they have posts. They are Dzonoq!was standing on|| 35 grizzly bears, one on each side of the door, inside house, and | in the rear of the house there are hox*hok" sitting on grizzly bears. | This house was given in marriage by Yaqal*rnldzeé, a chief who lived long ago and was chief of the numaym | Méma- gins of the Qweéq’sot!énox", for | Neqap!mnk'em took for his wife 40 Yaqal‘enlidzé’s princess, whose name was L!aletilayugwa, || and therefore the house was given to him in marriage. In the house fyasa tsagemasa g’Okwe. Wa, li k!waléda kiinktnxtlige lax 20 OxLiityas x‘Omsasa bak‘awa‘yasa sispyaLe. Wa, lanm k:!efs k-!atn- més tsagEmasa g'Okwe. Wii, hépm gokiilxrés Hoxawidé qaés k:!ée- dete, yix telétalasé; yixs g‘igimatyaé Hoxawidiisa ‘nr‘mémotasa Gigilgimasa Hixwamis. Wai, la‘mé ha‘néla mewexna lorlqwalita ha‘nél lixa g'Okwéxa ‘neméxta nané loqwalila. Wai, hémisa ‘ne- 25 méxia ts!awa loqwalila; wa, hé*misa ‘neméxLa dzonoq!wa toqwalila; wii, héfmisa ‘nEmMéxLa ALa‘nEm loqwalita. Wéa, hé*mis Legemg'Elx- Latyé Kwakwax‘flas qa k!wéladzpxiiiyosa gigimatye Ts!px‘ede. Wi, lamrm gwal laxeq. 3. Géxsem, yix gwiilaasas k'!atat‘yas tsagema‘yas g‘okwas g'igi- 30 ma‘fyasé _K-emk‘rqrwéde, yixs ‘wax'sdtstalasaéda uané k-!atemés tsigema‘yasa gOkwée. Wa, la‘mé k'!es qlatele g'ayoLasaseq LO‘ witnanemaq. Wi, lanm walé waldemeé qae. 4. Kikwak!tim, yixs k!efsa k'latemés tsagmmas L!asanf‘yas gokwas, dgti‘la lixés LéLamé, yixs LéLaxwatdyaéda dzonoq!wiixa 35 nénané lax ‘wax‘sdtstalitasa AwiLeliisa gokwé. Was, li k!wadzrta- ‘ya hox"hokwéxa nénané laxa ‘wax‘sotéwalilas d¢wiwalilasa gokwe. Wi, hénm gdkilxnés Yaqal‘enlidzé yix gigimayodlasa ‘ne‘memotasa Memfig‘insasa Qwéq'sdt!énoxwe yixs grg'adaéda g‘igimayolaé Nerqip!enk‘emolas k-!édélas Yaqal‘rnlidzedtaxa Legadiis 1 !alélila- 40 yugwa. Wa, hémis g‘axélas goktilxa‘ya gdkwe. Wi, hémis: BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 807 are | four house dishes, one of the great house dishes is a Dzo- noq!wa, | one of them a grizzly bear, and one a | whale, and one a | killerwhale. These are the four house dishes given in marriage by Chief || Yaqal*enlidzé for his princess !alétilayugwa when she married | Neqap!enk'rm. That is all I know about the numaym | Kikwak!um of the Gwétrla, for nothing was obtained as super- natural treasure by their ancestors. | 5. Sent!em. They have painted on the front of their house two | suns, one on each side of the front of the outside || of the house. The house has no carved posts, and there are two | house dishes inside, both doubleheaded serpents. | These were also obtained in marriage by Chief Tsex‘wéd from the chief | of the nu- maym Nonrmasrqilis of the Lawéts!és, Lelak'rnés, | for Tspxtwéd had for his wife the princess of Lelak-nnés, || L!ax'L!nlédzemga. However, they never talk about the house given in marriage by| Lerlak-rnés, for the sun painting of the house belongs to the Sén- L!mm. | That is all about this. | 6. Laalax's'pndayu. Their chief L!aqwalal has no painting on the house, | but seven birds are sitting on || top on the edge of the outside of the house front. This was obtained as supernatural treasure by | valélin!a, who was known as a great sea-hunter. mbExéL laqgéda mEwéxta {forlqwalitaxa ‘neméxiéda ‘walase loqwalil dzonoq!wa; wii, hé*mésa ‘nemeéxia loqwalilé nané; wii, hé*mésa ‘npméxita loqwalit gwe’yema; wi, hémésa ‘neEméxia loqwalil mix‘énoxwa. Wii, mewexxéda lorlqwalilé loqwaxLiisa gigimayolé Yaqalenlidzéyola qaés k lédélwilé 1 !alélilayugwolaxs laé téwadrs Neqap!enk‘mmolé. Wii, héem waxen q!alé laxa ‘ne‘mémotasa Kit- kwak!iimasa Gwétela, yixs k !efsaé Logwalas gilg-alésas. 5. Seni!em, yixs k'!atmmalaé tsaigemas gOkwaséxa ma‘itseEmé Liésgla, yixs ‘nalfnemaé laxa ‘wix'sandLema‘yas tsigemas 1!asana- eyasa gokwé. Wiis, la k-!eask« lis LeLamas g'okwas. Wa, la matex- Lida torlq!wa hanét laqxa ‘naxwa‘mé sisésEyiLaéda malexta 1oEl- q!wa. Larmxaé loqwaxLé laixa gigimaydlaé Tsex‘wédola yis gigi- mayodlasa ‘neémémotasa NonemasEqilisasa Lawets!ésé, yix Lelak-- rnéswitla, yixs grg‘adaé Tsex*widdlas k-!édélas Lelak'rnéswtilas Liax'L!nlédzemga. Wa, lazrmié k-!és gwagwex’s‘alasé gdkilxia- ‘yas Lelak-enéswtilé qaxs his‘maaxa Sénu!nmé !ésrla k:!atemésés eokwé. Wai, lanemxaé gwal laxeq. 6: Lailax's‘endayo, yixs k-!é4saé k!atemés gOkwas gvigima- fyasé Llaqwalal, yixs k!wasiixtétyéda airebosgemé ts!ek!wa lax dgwixtifyas tsigemas L!asandtyas g’Okwas. Hérm Logwés Lale- linlaxa ts!élwala ‘walas alé‘winoxwa, yixs ts!a‘yaé xaleliniiis Lla- 41 45 50 55 60 41 45 50 55 60 808 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 62 Lalelin!a was the younger brother of Llaqwalal. | L!aqwalat sent his younger brother xalelin!a to | hunt seals at Salots!a, which is called Nomas. | He started from | LEex'siwé‘, for it is said that the 65 ancestors of the numaym Ladlax’s‘mndayu lived there. || The name of the steersman of Lalelin!a is not given. It was | evening when they started for the island Salots!a. The tide | began to run out, and the canoe was being turned around Then | tralélinta warned his steersman, and told him not to be afraid, because | sea-hunters are not afraid of anything. Then they saw many 70 birds || gathering at the place where they were being gathered ahead of the bow of the | small hunting canoe. Then ralélin!a and his steers- man paddled quickly. | Then they nearly arrived at (the place) where there were | many birds gathered. Then the top of the front | of a large house appeared from out of the sea. It was not there 75 for a long time. The house came||out of the sea like an island. This was the house of Q!omogwa | which was seen by talelit!a. Then he ran into the sea into the | door of the great house com- ing out of the sea. Then ralelitta told | his steersman that they would go into the great house that came out of the sea. | The steersman said, ‘Go on. Just paddle.” Thus he said.|| Then they paddled, going with the tide, which ran into the door of the great house that had come up from the sea. | Then he went in with his small hunting canoe. | And it stood at the right-hand side of the ea) i=) 62 qwalat. Wa, la‘laé ‘yalaqé L!aqwalalaxes ts!atyé Lalelit!a qa lis iléxwax mégwata lax Salots!axa gwe‘yowé Nomas gviig‘rlis lax LEX’siwé® qaxs hiiakl g‘dktlé g-Aliisa ‘ne‘mémotasa Lailax:s*en- 65 dayo. Wai, la‘mé k'!és Léqalasp‘we k!waxna‘fyas Lalelit!a. Wa, la- pm‘lawise dziqwaxs lae Lex‘idé Lasgeméx Salots!a. Wa, laclaé ts!ax‘idéda demsx’é. Wa,lanm‘laé qudosa. Wii, gwatnlanm‘lawise Lalelit!a q!aq!agemlaxés k!waxnatyé qa k-lésés k-ilelas qaxs k !ea- saé kilem és‘ilewinoxwe. Wai, larm‘laé doqwalaxa q!énumé ts !ét- 70 ts!ek!wa Jarl prkwaxés pekwask‘wa lax nEqag‘iwa‘yas 4g‘iwa‘yas aléfwasELElaé xwaxwaguma. Wai, dpm‘lawisé ‘nemala yaya‘na sexwe Lalelit!a Leswés k!waxiatfyée. Wa, larm‘lawisé rlaq lag'aa laxa q!enemé prkwa ts!elts!rk!wa g'axaalasé neKidé dgwixtatyas tsagE- masa ‘wilasé gOkustanatya. Wii, k-!édzalaé gilaxs g-axaé hé‘la ewex’s ‘mrk-Alaxa g-dkustanatyé. Wa, héem g-dx"sa Q!omogwa‘yé la dogtitts alelin!a. Wa, lamm‘laé tsewéLeléda demsx‘é ‘wap lax tlnx‘ilisa ‘walasé g‘dkustaratya. Wi, lamm‘laé xalelin!a xk: !a- laxés k!waxnatyé qa‘s lailag'i laén laxa ‘walasé g-dkustanatya. Wa, Aimm‘lawisé k!waxna‘yas ‘nék'a: ‘Wiig'a, Gum séxwidex,”’ ‘néx“‘laé. 80 Wii, lax'da‘x"‘laé sé*weg'Endxa ts!aéLela Jax t!ex‘iliisa‘walasé g-Okus- tanafya. Wai, la‘mé laét Lefweés aléwaseLEla xwaxwagtima. W4A, la‘_laé hang‘alit laxa hétk:!otéwalilasa ‘walasé g-Okustatatya. Wai, ~I or BoAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 809 great house that had come up from the sea. | Then talelit!a saw four house dishes standing in the rear | of the great house that had come up from the sea, one a whale dish, |/and one killer- whale dish, and one sealion | dish, and one seal dish. Then | 1a- lelin!a heard what they said. ‘‘Now you have obtained as super- natural treasure this house that has come up from the sea, | and these four house dishes. Now go on, and club these sea-otters as your | supernatural treasure”’ Thus said what was heard by him. Immediately Lalelit!a stepped out ||of his little canoe. He clubbed the many sea-otters that were crawling about on the floor | of the house. As soon as his small canoe was full, he went aboard. | Then the sea began to flood the house, and the | little canoe of ralelit!a floated. Then the great house that had come up disappeared, | and the canoe just floated on the open sea. || La- lelin!a went home to his village at Lex’siwé*, his canoe full of sea-otters. | Then he reported to his elder brother L!aqwalal that a large house coming up from the sea had been seen; | that they had gone in, and that he had heard them | saying. ‘Now you have obtained as supernatural treasure this house that has come up, and these four | house dishes. Now club some of these sea- otters here, for you obtained them as supernatural treasures. Thus said what I || heard,” said ralelit!a to his elder brother L!a- qwalal as he reported to him. | Now he gave what he had ob- tained by good luck, the sea-otters and the four house dishes, | lamm‘laé doqtlé Lalelin!ixa lorlqwaliteé mmwéxta ha‘nel laxa dgwi- walilasa ‘walasé gOkustétafyaxa ‘neméxLa gweEtypm loqwalita, hé'mesa ‘neméxLa maxénox” toqwalila, LeE‘wa ‘neméxLa L!éxten foqwalita; wii, hé‘misa ‘neméxta mégwat loqwalita. Wa, latlaé Lalelit!a witLalaxa ‘nék'a: ‘arms Logwalaxwa g-dkustana‘tyéx LE‘wa mbwexLax loqwalila. Wii, wég'a kwex‘éd laxwa q!isax qa‘s Logwads,”’ ‘néx‘laé witElas. Wa, héx‘idamm‘lawise Lalelin!a lalta laxés xwaxwagtime qa‘s kwex‘edé laxa q!asa q!énum gilemg‘ilitrla laxa g'dkwe. Wa, gil'rm‘liwisé qot!a xwaxwagumaxs laé laxs laq. Wi, la‘mé paolwlitéda dmmsx’é ‘wapa. Wi, gilfmm‘lawisé prx‘walile xwaxwagtimas Lalelin!a laalasé x‘is‘edéda ‘walase g Okustana‘ya. Wii, la‘mé &em la hinwiilax'da®x" laxa adwak-é. Wa, lafmé g-ax ni‘nakwé walelin!a laxés g-okwalasé LEx'siwé® qot!axa q!asa. Wa§, la‘laé ts!ek-!atelasés doxtwaLerla ‘walasé gdkustaxé laxés ‘nolé L!a- qwalaté. Wa, hé'méséx Im'maé lacy laq. Wa, hétmis la witela- tséxa ‘néka: ““LLarms Logwalaxwa g’dkustiLa‘yéx LESwa MEWexLax loqwalita. Wa, wég'a kwex‘éd laxwa q!asax qa‘s LOgwao6s, ‘nék‘En wittElé,” ‘néx*flaé xalelin!ixés ‘nolé L!aqwalalé, laé ts!nk:!atelaq. Wai, la‘mé lak-!ng-a‘ttsés LOgwa‘ya q!asa LESwa mEwexza lorlqwali- Oo 90 95 100 83 85 90 95 100 2 or 10 15 20 bo On 10 15 20 / 810 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 to his elder brother L!aqwalal, that the house that came up from the sea should be imitated by him with | all the birds sitting on the upper edge of the outer | front of the house that came up. Lalelin!a did not wish || to put to shame his elder brother L!aqwa- jal. Therefore he did this with his house that had come up. | Now talelin!a built a house like that house in | Qalogwis, and he imitated all, the whale dish, | the killerwhale dish, the sea lion dish, and the seal dish. Therefore the | numaym Lailax's'rndayu own the birds || sitting on the upper edge of the front outside of their house in this manner: They stand in this way:| on the outside of the house coming up from the sea, namely, four cranes | sit- ting on two crosspieces and ! on top of the place where the two cross- pieces are nailed on an eagle is seated. | That was the style of the house coming up from the sea which was first seen by Lalelin!a. || There is nothing (carved) on the posts. There is only one thick beam. | Now Q!timx'6d married the | princess of Haétekum. He was the chief of the numaym Léq!nm. | The name of his princess was Ofmagaspmé‘, and | Haétekum gave his house in marriage to his son-in-law Q!timxdd. The | posts of the house are flat. There are two in front of the house | and two flat posts in the rear of the house. The paintings on the | le laxés ‘nolé LJaqwalal Los qa nanaxts!nweséxa gokustanatyé lax axwatmae ts!ék!hwéeda k!isixtas‘yax ék'!mnxafyasa tsigmmas L!a- sanifyasa g‘dkustaratyé. Wi, la‘mé alelin!a k!és ‘nék- qa‘s max’ts!amaséxés ‘ndle L!aqwalal lagilas hé gwex‘itsa gokustaLa‘yeé laq. Wii, lafmésé Llaqwalalé g‘dkwélaxa hé gwex's gdk" lax Qalogwis. Wi, laxaé ‘wiflaem nanaxts!e°waxa gwk‘yEmé LESwa max:¢nox" LEfwa L!éx‘Ené LESwa mégwaté lorlqwalila. Wa, héem lag‘ilas Axnogwadéda ‘ne‘mémotasa Ladlaxs‘endaydsa ts !ék!wiis k!wasixtatyax tsagemas L!asandfyasés gOkwéxa ga gwiilég'a (fig.). Wii, li Lisa g-a gwiilég-a (fig.) lax Llasanftyasa gokustara‘yé yixs mosgEmaé fidemegtiléyeda k!wasena‘yaxa maltts!aqé gayala. Wa, li k!waxta‘yéda kwékwaxa negetila Lap!pnafyatsa ma‘its!aqé gryata, Wii, hérm‘laé ewiiléda g-dkustaiatyaxs galaé doxtwavelé valelix liq. Wii, larm k:!e4s owilaats LeLamas Ogtili laqéxs Lekwaés k-atewa‘ye ‘nemtslaqa. Wa, li grg'ad@ Lewelgima‘yas L!aqwalal yix Q!im- xodé yis k'!édelas Haétekum yixs g‘igimatyaasa ‘ne‘mémotasa Léq!em. Wii, li Légades k-!édelasés O'magasematyé. Wai, la g°d- kiilxtaé Haétekuma‘yaxa g-okwé laxés negiimpé Q!timx‘ddé. Wi, lafmé Awidzo pépreEdzowé LéLamasa g'Okwéxa malpxsa laxa O%sta- lilasa g'Okwé. Wii, hé*mésa malpxsa laxa ogwiwalilé. Wa, la k-!a- PCAs] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 811 posts in the rear are large wolves looking upward, and | grizzly bears are the paintings of the posts on each side of the door. | I think that is all.| 7. Elgtinwée®. These just kept together from the beginning | with the numaym Lailax's‘rndayo. And therefore they have no | dif- ferent house, but Wanuk", who believes that he is now a chief, | built a house for himself, but there is nothimg in the house. | Il. QIOMOYA‘YE, THE KWEXA 1. Ktkwaktim. They sprung from one source with the Ktkwa- k!tim of the | Gwétrla. They also have no painting on the front boards outside of | the house. Their chief Yaqoradzée took for his wife Oemasqwapelag‘ilis, | the princess of Amawa‘tyus, chief of the numaym || Nagnsx'a. He gave in marriage the house with the painting | of the whale on the outside front, and inside there are four | house dishes, one of them a sea-otter house dish, and one | a killerwhale house dish, and one beaver house dish, and | one a whale house dish. Then Yaqotadzé married again the princess of || Gwex'sésrlasemeé‘’, Ts!nts!alal, and | Gwex: seapiiignme® gave to his son-in-law in marriage his house. And the painting | on the outside of the front of the house is a grizzly bear of the sea split drdzailéda LéLamasa Ogwiwalilaxa ék'!ngrmala iwé aLtanbma. Wii, li nénane k:!adndzAtyaxa LéLamasa ‘wax'sodtstalitasa t!ex‘ila. Wii, lax'staax"*mé ‘wila. 7. Eletinwé, yixs A*maé q!aplaéitsi giigitnla laxés awanatyé LEfwa ‘ne‘mémotasa Ladlax's'endayo. Hé‘mis lag‘ilas k leis g-okwa ogti li lax Wanukwé yixs laé dq!tissem la gigimatya. Wéa, la‘meé g okwéla qa‘’s gokwa. Wi, li k:!eds gwex'sdems g okwas.” Il. QIOMOYASYEXA KWEXA 1. Ktkwak!tm, yixs ‘nem‘maé g-aynwasas LE‘wa Kiikwak!timasa Gwétela. Wi, larmxaé k-‘leis k-!atemés tsagmmas L!asana‘yas gokwas. Wa, li gigimatyasé Yaqotadze gre” ‘adEx‘ides Ofmas- qwapzlag: jlis, yix ke ledelas Amawa‘yos, yix g° igima‘yasa ‘nE‘mé- motasa Narnsxi. Wa, latmé gokilxnalaxa gOkwe k-!atamalé ts!agemas L!asanifyaséxa gwet‘yemé. Wii, li hatnéla mewéexia forlqwalit lag, yixs ‘neméxtaéda q!asa loqwalila Le‘wa ‘nEméexLa max‘énox" loqwalila LE‘wa ‘nEméxza ts!a‘wé loqwalila; wii, hé*misa 23 25 10 25 Sa gwe‘yEmé loqwalila. Wa, la et!ed grg'ade Yaqoradzis k !édelas © Gwéx'sé‘srlasema‘yé yix Ts!rts!alalé. Wa, lanmxaé g‘okilxialaxa g Okwé Gwex'sé‘sElasema‘ya lixés negtimpé. Wii, la‘me k:!atemalé tsigrmas Liasanafyas g‘Okwaséxa kwaxsaakwé nanés. La‘mé hé 10 e on 20 bo or 30 13 15 b on 30 812 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 in two. | One-half of the grizzly bear of the sea is on the right hand side of the door, and the other half | on the left hand side of the door, and their heads touch at the || door, and the vomiter is on top of the house. That is a carved man, | for when Yaqotadzé gives an oil feast, the oil box | is put on the roof. And when they sing the host song of | Yaqonadzé, a man goes up to the roof of the feast house. | There is a gutter on the back of the long square cedar beam. The carved vomiting || man is at the other end of it in this manner.’ Then they put the | oil box on the other end of it, and the man who | takes care of it pours the oil into the gutter on the back of the | vomiting beam, and the oil runs along the gutter on the back to the hole | behind the head and it runs out, being vomited by the vomiter, and it || runs into the fire in the middle of the feast house. This is called | by the Indians ‘““vomiter-at-smokehole-of-the-feast-house.” There are also two | dishes, one a grizzly-bear house dish, and one a wolf | house dish. That is all. | 2. Hainanéna. The crosspiece on top of the front board out- side of the house is the double headed serpent. || They did not get it from anyone. Not one man | claims to know from whom the Jéda Apsot!enafyé nanésa hélk-!otsta*yasa tlexila. Wa, li hé léeda ipsox"siséda gemxOtstalasasa t!ex‘fla laxés k-emk“Eqogamalaé laxa tlex‘fla. Wii, lanm hoqwastaléda g*okwéxa k:!ékwe begwanrma, yixs gil'maé k!wélasé Yaqonadziisa L!é‘na laé hing-iisasa L!é‘nats !Ala k'!mmyaxta. Wii, gil'mése denx‘édayowe k!wéla‘yalayowe q!nm- dems Yaqotadzé léda begwannmé laxa 6gwiisasa k!wélatyats!é eokwa. Wii, li xwagegéda gilt! k!nwelk" k!waxtawa. Wa, hépm hoqwa k lek? pas ganmete pcbayecee ‘a gwilég-a.’ Wa, la hinaléda Lle‘nats!ala k:!imyaxza lax Apsbatyas. Wa, asméseda bE- gwinbmexa aaxsiliiq gtixts!alasa L!é*na lax xtig‘@gatyas OxLatyasa hoqwa. Wa, li wag-ilts!’léda L!é*néxa xtig’ég‘atyas qa‘s le henaktila lax kwawap!afyas qa‘s g’ixé hox‘widayosa hoqwa. Wii, la‘mé hoxralas lixa laqawalitasa k!wéladzats!@ g-okwa. Wi, hémm gwe- ‘yisa bak!umé hoqwastila k!wéladzats!é g‘okwe. Wa, li matexta lorlq!wiisxa ‘neEméxta nainé loqwalita; wi, hé*misa ‘nEmMexLa AaLanEM loqwalila. Wa, laemxaeé gwala. 2. Haanarend, yixs sispyinaé gég-ixtatyax tsagemas Llasand‘yas gokwas. Wi, li kleas gwayoraq. K-léds ‘nemokwa begwanrm qieq/alak lalax gfiyOLasasa TSI) Sh Haanarenaq. Wa, daxae 1A sketch ears this description which is not repeated here, because the passage is quite clear. See publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. V., plate 45, fig. 3. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 813 numaym Haanaieénd got it, and | the painting on their canoe is the 32 double headed serpent. Therefore it is called the double headed serpent | canoe. I shall not give up to try to learn why | they have the double headed serpent. That is the end.|| 3. Yaéx‘aghrmé. The paintings on the front board outside of 35 the house | are killerwhales facing each other, for this is the house given in marriage by the chief | of the numaym Kwék'daénox’, whose name is Lek*pmaxdd, which came from | the history of ‘nalanokimg‘i‘lak". It is said that Llaqotas | married L!alemaxo- dalayugwa, the princess of Lek'rmaxdd. Therefore || he gave in 40 marriage the house painted with the killerwhales facing each other | to his son-in-law L!aqonas, chief of the numaym | Yaéx'a- germé’, and he obtained at the same time four house dishes with the | house which was given in marriage, one of them is a whale | feasting dish, one a killerwhale feasting dish, one ||a bullhead 45 feasting dish, and one a Dzodnoq!wa feasting dish. | That is all about this. | 4. Haiyalik-awe®. The painting on the front outside of the house is a| whale. The house was given in marriage by Wag‘i- dés, | chief of the numaym Wiwomasgrem of the Mamaléleqila, whose name was || Wag'idés. The princess of Wag'idés was Gwé- 50 kitlak", who | was now the wife of Chief Hiixwaydsrmé’, who hémm k'!atsemés xwak!iiniiséda siswyué lig-itas Legadus sisbyultsn- 32 mala xwak!tinis. Wai, lanaten k:!és yax‘‘idet q!aq!éstaareq ligi- las ixndgwatsa sispyuLé. Wi, lanm laba. 3. Yaéx‘agpmé’, yixs k'!atmmalaé tsigumas L!Asandtyas gOkwas 35 yisa k‘emk-Eqogamala max‘énoxwa, yixs g‘dkiilxnayaas g‘igima- ‘yasa ‘ne*mémotasa Kwek-faénox'xa Légades Lek-emaxodéxa g'aya lax ‘nailanoktimg‘i‘lax"xa niiyimé. Wii, la‘laé grg-adé i !aqoratsas Llatemaxodalayugwa yix k-!édélas Lek-emaxodé. Wa, hé‘mis lag‘i- las gx gokilxralaxa g‘okwé k-!atemalaxa kemk'Eqogamala 40 mix‘énox" Jaxés nEgtimpé LiaqoLas, yix gigima‘yasa ‘neémémo- tasa Yaéx‘agema‘yé. Wi, lanmxaé mErwéxza loElqwalila ‘nema- ‘nakila Leéwa g:oktilxiatyé gokwa. Wa, hé‘ma ‘neméxta gwr'yem loqwalila Lefwa ‘neméxLa max‘énox" loqwalita; wi, hé‘mésa ‘nx- méxta k!oma toqwalita; wi, hé*mésa ‘nrméxta Dzonoq!wa toqwa- 45 lita. Wa, lapmxaé ‘witla laxéq. 4. Haiyalik-awé‘, yixs k'!atemalaé tsigmmas L!asand‘yas g-Okwas yisa gwe‘typm. Wi, larm‘laé g‘dkilxnafya g‘okwas Wag-idésxa gigima‘yasa ‘ne’mémotasa WiwomasgEemasa Mamaléleqilaxa Léga- des Wag'idés. Wa, hé‘més k:!édélts Wag'idésé Gwék-i‘lak®, yix la 50 genEmsa gigima‘tyé Hixwaydsrma‘yé, qaxs hé‘maé gvigimésa 52 60 65 70 52 60 $14 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 was chief of the | numaym Haiyalikawe® of the Kwexa. There are | four house dishes in the house which was given in marriage, one is a Dzonoq!wa | house dish, and a whale, an eagle, and beaver house dish. || That’s all again. | 5. Laxsi. They just staid with the numaym Haayalik-awe‘, | for they have no noble ancestor, and, | therefore the numaym Laxsié live in a house with the | Haidyalik awes, and even at the present || day -the Laxsii continue to stay with them. That is all about them. | 6. Gigilgim. They have no painting in front of the house, neither | at the present day nor in olden times. Their chief only has around the floor of the | house—K!wak!wabalasmméé is their chief—carved men |on the boards of the height of the chest when we are || standing up, and the distance between the carved men is one fathom. | The carved men begin at the | end of a pole placed to the right inside of the | door of the house, and going on to the right towards the rear of the house, and around to the | left hand side of the door, and -their || distance from the wall boards is one fathom. The carved | men are inside of the boards all around the house, as it is marked here.'! | Omaxt!alane® did this, placing men all around, | because this was the way in which ‘nesméemotasa Haiyalik‘awatyasa Kweéxa. Wi, li ha‘neléda me- wexia 1orlqwalit lixa g‘dktilxnatye. Wi, hé‘maéda dzonoq!wa loqwalila LEfwa aLanEm LE‘wa kwekwe LE‘wa ts!a‘wé lorlqwalita. Wi, lansmxaé gwata. 5. Laxsi, yixs &fmaé k-lidenddzé laxa ‘ne‘mémotasa Haiyali- k'awé, qaxs gwalpla‘maé k-!és nénaxsalés g'alemg-alise. Wa, hé*mis lag-itas fmm ‘nemaélwadadéda ‘ne‘mémotasa LAaxsii LEtwa go igi- ma‘yasa ‘nE‘mémotasa Haadyalik‘awatye. Wa, wax'‘méséxwa lax énala li héx'siiem q!ap!@xseyotsa Laxsi. Wa, lazrm gwal laxéx. 6. Gig ilgim, yixs k leasae k latema‘ye tsagemasés gokwé laxwa alex cnaleh Lewes g'ilemg-alisé. Wa, léx-a‘més gwillaats iweLbBliis g-Okwas K!wak!wabalasema‘yé yix g‘igdima‘yas, yixs brx"sé‘stalil- kwaasa la k-!ék:!adzityaxa sadkewxa yo iwisgemeEns dzamaxg’'Ens Laxéwalék’. Wa, li ‘nalfnemp!enk: laxens baniiqé iwalagdlaasasa bebregwankmé k:!ekwa. Wa, hé*misé gigrlila k !ek-!akwé bébr- gwankme srg’Edza‘yé Lapdemis dzoxtim lax hétk:!otstalitasa t!px-i- lisa gOkwé la hi‘stalilelaxa Awéveliisa gokwe qa‘s gaxé axa gemxotstaliflasa tlexila. Wa, li ‘nemp!enk laxens banax yix walataasa lax tsaxsé‘stii Awé‘stelsasa g-okwe. Wi, héem k-:!édza- yaatsa bébegwinkEma Ots!4wasa tsagema iwé‘stiisa gOkwéxa xEldE- kwe.! Wa, hépm lagutas hé gwex’ fide Otmaxt lalana‘ye qa brx"sé- ‘stalilkwa yixs Haan gwaelés Lée‘lanrma gig" ngimatyasa lelqwala- 1A sketch accompanied this description which is not err here, because the passage is quite clear. Boas] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 815 he invited the chiefs of the tribes | to eat seal at K*!aqa. When || all the men had gone out, he carved the men at the | places where his guests had been sitting. It is as though he had made fun of | the chiefs on account of what he had done when he made cary- ings of them. | Therefore it is done this way around the house. There are two| house dishes, one a seal house dish, and || the other one a killerwhale house dish. It also | occurred to Omax- t!alane® to imitate the seal which he had killed | in making a house dish, and it occurred to him that he would go to the kil lerwhales after his death, | and therefore he imitated the form of a killerwhale for his house dish | when he gave a feast of many seals at K-!aq!a. That’s again all about them. || Ill. ‘WALAS KWAG UL 1. Dzendzrnx'q!ayu. The painting on the front | outside of the house is the Qélos, for the Qélos is the ancestor of the DzmndzEnx'- q!ayo. | There are four house dishes of their ancestor Yaxien. | One of the house dishes is the Qdlos; and also the elder brother of Qolos, Thunderbird. || That is another feasting-dish. And the | Thunder- bird, the house dish, is made in the same way as the Qélos house dish is made, and there is a | whale house dish and a beaver. That is all again. | Lafyé qa lis q!esaxa mégwate lax K-!aq!a. Wa, g-il‘mm‘lawisé hoqtiwelséda ‘naxwa begwanrmxs laé k'!edzotsa begwanmrmé lax k!wadzélasdiisés Lé‘lankmé. Wi, lazm ‘nemax‘is LO® aEmtaliisa gig Egima‘yé laxés gwex“‘idaasé yixs hé‘maé la k-!edzoyowe. Wa, hé‘mis lagilas hé gwiilé iwe‘stalitasa gokwe. WéA, li matexita‘ma loqwalilas. Wi, hé'ma ‘neEméxta mégwat loqwalila. Wa, hé*misa ‘neEméxLa max‘énox" loqwalitla. Wa, laemxaé O‘maxt!alaratyé jem ‘nénk:!éx‘éd qa‘s nanaxts!eweéxa mégwatéxés yanEmé qa‘s toqwalila. Wa, lai g‘igaéx‘idmxs lel laxa max‘énoxwé qo Ie‘lLo. Wi, hé*mis lag’ilas nanaxts!waxa max‘énoxwe qa‘s lorlqwalitexs laé k!wé‘latsa q!@nrmé mégwata lax K-!aq!a. Wa, lasmxaé laba. Ill’ “WALAS KWAG'UL 1. DzendzEnx’q!ayu, yixs qolosaé k-!atmma‘yas tsagmmas L!asa- na‘fyas gOkwas, qaxs hé‘maé gilg‘alitsa Dzendzmnx'q !ayoxa qolosée. Wai, la meweéxta lorlqwalilas gigimafyasé Yax~en, yixs hé*maé } q gg , neméxia loqwaliltséda qolosé. Wii, hé*mésé ‘noliis qolosa ktnktin- xtlig’é. Hérm ‘neméxta loqwalilts yixs hé*maaxat! gwiilé yixa ktin- ktinxtilig‘afyé loqwalilé gwiilaasasa qdlosé loqwalita; wa, héSmésa xitlig'aty ewk‘yEmeé loqwalila; wi, hé‘mésa ts!a‘we. Wii, lanmxaé laba. 75 072) i=) o ~I Oo 80 5 816 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 8 2. Wawilibisyé. The painting on the front outside of the house is | the whale, for the ancestor of their chief was a whale. There- 10 fore || his name is Yaqal*mnala. And he painted his origin on the outside | front of his house. There are four house dishes; one is a | whale house dish, another one a killer-whale house dish, and | one a bullhead house dish, and one a Dzdnoq !wa-of-the-sea house dish. | 15 The numaym Hémasxdo keeps together with the || numaym Wawali- ba‘ye, for the Hémasxd6 have no noble ancestor | like the Elginwé and the numaym Laxsi, | and they are ashamed to talk about it. That is again all about this. | 3. Géxsrm. The painting on tie outside front | of the house 20 of their chief Latelit!a, is the same as that of the painting |j on the outside front of the house of K’rmk’ Eqrwéd, who is the chief of the | numaym G'éxsEm of the Gwétrla. The only difference is that the | G éxsem of the ‘walas Kwag' ul have four house dishes—two | grizzly- bear dishes, one wolf house dish, and | one beaver house dish. It is 25 said, that Chief Lavelit!a || obtaimed these in marriage from the chief of the numaym K’ !ek !aénox" of the Awaitrla at Hianwad from the chief who had the name K'rmgéd. | His princess had the name Mezleé- dzas, as she was the wife of Larelit!a. | Then he obtained in marriage the house with the crosspiece on top of the front outside | (represent- ing the) double headed serpent, and sitting between the eyes ( of the 30 double headed serpent) the thunderbird ||on the head of the man 8 2. Wawiliba‘tyé, yixs k'!atamalaé tsigemas Liasana‘yas g‘okwa- séxa gwE‘yEm, yixs gwk‘yEmaé gilg-alisasa gigima‘yas lag-ilas 10 Légadrs Yaqalfenala. Wi, li k latemtsés g-aymwase lax tsagemas Llasand‘yases g’Okwe. Wi, li mewéxta lorlqwalilasxa ‘neméxia gwe‘yem loqwalila Le‘wa ‘neméxLa maAx‘enoxwa loqwalila LE‘wa ‘npméxia k!oma loqwalila Le’wa ‘neméxLa Dzonogwes toqwalila. Wii, laf‘mé Atma ‘ne*mémotasa Hémaxsdo la k!tidenddzéxa ‘ne‘mé- 15 motasa Wawaliba‘yé qaxs k!ésaé naxsalé giig-ELElasasa ‘nE‘mémo- tasa Hémaxsdo hé gwéx’sa Elgiinwatyé LE‘wa ‘nE‘mémotasa Laxsia yixs max'ts!dlmemaé gwigwéx's‘alasa. Wa, laemxaé laba. 3. Géxsem, hémaaxat! 4mm gwiilé k-!atemas tsigema‘yés L!asa- na‘yas gokwas gigimatyasé Latelit!a, yix gwiilaasas k-!atema‘yas 20 tsagema‘yas Plager lye g-okwas K-emk-rqnwede, yix ¢° igima‘yasa ‘nE*mémotasa G-éxsrmasa Gwétela. Wii, léx'afmés ogwaqala‘yos G-éxsEmasa ‘walas Kwag'ul yixs mewéxtaés loqwaliléxa malexia nenané lorlqwalila Le‘wa ‘neméxLa ALanem loqwalila. Wa, hé‘mésa ‘npméxta ts!awe toqwalita. Wi, lanm‘laéda g‘igima‘yé xarelin!a 25 geg'adanEmaq lax g‘igima‘tyasa ‘nEe‘memotasa K- !ek: !aénoxxwasa Awaitrla lax Hinwadé, yixa g ‘igimatyé Léegades K-emgedé. Wa, li Légadms Mrlédzase k- (eeias! Wi, hé‘mis la genrms Lavelit!a. Wii, hé'mis g‘dktilxialaxa gokwe gégiwalés tsagema‘yas L!asanaé- fyasa g° Gilneas sISEYULE. Wa, la k!wak!wagusta*yéda ktnktinxthi- BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 817 in the middle of the double-headed serpent; and the four | feasting- dishes which I have just named were also obtained there. That’s the end. | Iv. Q!OmxK’ !uT!Es 1. Léq!em. The painting on the front outside of the house is the | killer-whale, which was obtained as supernatural treasure by the first chief, Haéiektimé’, who was | a sea-hunter. He went hunt- ing seal at night at Osrq". | There he saw a large house at the upper side of || Osrq", and he saw sparks coming out of the roof. Then | Haéiekiimé® wished to go ashore to look at it. He | arrived at the beach, and he went up the beach. Then he | saw that killer whales were the painting on the outside front of the | house. He arrived at the door and looked through a || hole. Then he heard many men talking | about him, that he was always trying to head off the people when they were out sea-hunting. | He heard one man say, -“‘I wish | our friend Haé_ektimé‘ would come so that we might advise him not | to head us off when we are hunting; for he will get more || game if he keeps behind us.”’ Thushe said. At that | time Haé_ekiimeé* jumped through the door of the house, and | stood at the fire in the middle of the house. He spoke, | and said, “I am Haétekiime® whom you g-afye lax x‘Omsas bak‘awa‘yas. Wii, hé*mesen lax'de LéLEqalasE- ‘weda mEwexta lorlqwalita. Wii, héem g‘iyanematséex. Lamm laba Iv. Q!6omMK'!uT!ES 1. Léq!em, yixs k'!a€temalaé tsigemas L!asand‘yas g‘dkwasésa max‘énoxwéxa Logwa‘yasa g‘ilgalisasa gigima‘yasé Haéiektimé, yixs ale'winoxwaé. Wi, lalaé ilexwaxa mégwataxa ganoré lax Osrq". Wai, la‘laé dox'watrlaxa ‘nemsgemésé ‘walas g’ok” lax fpsdtas Osrq". Wa, laflaé doqtilaqéxs indbéxsilaé silis. Wa, larm‘la- wise HaéLektimés ‘nék: qa‘s la aLé‘sta dox*wideq. Wi, larm‘lawisé lag’alis lax L!ema‘isas larm‘lawise lasdés lixa L!ema‘is, laa‘lasé dox- ‘waLElaqéxs max‘enoxwaé k'!atama‘yas tsagema‘yas L!asana‘yasa g-okwé. Wi, la‘laé lig-aa lax tlex‘ilis. Wa, la‘laé hinxsa laxa kwax"s’ qaxs wtiLaaxa q !énerma bébEgwankEm yaéq !Ent!ala gwagwex'- sala laqéxs hémenala‘maé g‘ag'alagemaxa lélqwilatatyaxs alé- xwaé. Wai, la‘laé wiiralaxa ‘nemokwe begwanrm ‘nék-a: “ Winésié g-axens, ‘nEmokwai’ HaéLtekiimafya qens Lexs‘aléqé, qa k’!ésés gagalagema g‘axens, yixg'ins alexwek’ qaxs hire q!pyoratsexa seyak!wémasé qo AlxLéLé ‘naixwal g‘ixens,’’ ‘néx*‘taé. Wa, hérm- ‘lawis la dewénats Haé_ektima‘yé Jax t!ex‘ilisa gokwe qa‘s li Lax‘tilit lax Obéx‘talisa laqawalilasa g'okwe. Wii, la‘laé yaq!ng-a‘ta. Wi, latlaé ‘nék'a: “Nogwarm Haé_ektima‘tyaxés walagelés qa 75052—21—35 E1u—Pt 2. ” ” 10 15 30 10 bo =) 818 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 wished to | come to be given instructions, friends.’ Thus he said. Then || all the men just hung their heads. Then they lifted their heads, | and an old man spoke, and | said, ‘What you say is true, friend. We have all been wishing | for you to come into this house of our chief | Hélé‘staliskla here. Now you have obtained it as supernatural treasure, and this harpoon that is in it, || and the four house dishes—one a sea-otter house dish, | one a bullhead house dish, one a stomach-of-the-sea-lion | house dish, and one whale house dish.” Thus he said. ‘Now | your name will be L!aqwag‘ila, for that is the name of the owner of this | house that you obtained by good luck. ‘Thus it is said by our friends here. || They wish to advise you not to head them off | when we are sea-hunting, but just keep close behind us, then you will obtain much | game. Now you shall sit for four days in the house that you obtained as | supernatural treasure.” Thus said the killer-whale man. Then | all the men went out of the house, and went into the water || at the beach, and killer-whales were spouting. | HaéLektmé* just sat in the rear of the house which he had obtained as supernatural treasure, | and his steersman went back to his house at Osrq". | In vain the steersman of Haérektimé® was questioned. He just | said, ‘Don’t talk about him.” Thus he said, for he had seen || the many men coming out of g-axeé qa‘s Léxs‘dlasp*wos, ‘né‘nemok",”’ ‘néx‘laé. Wa, lamm‘laé 4am fnaxwa kwékumdiléda ‘naxwa begwanrma. Wii, latlae x it!edéda ‘naxwa. Wi, latlaeé yaq!ng-attéda q!tlyakwe brgwanrma. Wa, laclaé ‘nék-a: “Ala‘més waldemos, qasti, qaxg-anu'x" Ala‘mék: wala- qéla qa‘’s gaxads @axén laxdx gOkwasg‘anuSx" gigimék laxga Heéléstalistlax'xds LogweLaqos LESwox géx'g'acléx laq’xwa miistox LESwa mbwextax lorlqwalilaxwa ‘neméxLax q!asa loqwalila, LESwa ‘nemextax k!oma loqwalila, LeESwa ‘nEMeéxLa poxtintsa L!éx*Ene to- qwalila LESwa ‘neEméxtax gwe‘yrm toqwalita,” ‘nex~‘lac. ‘Wa, laméts Légadelts Llaqwagiila qaxs hé‘maé Légems g‘Ogwadiisa e@- okwaqos Logwa‘ya. Wii, g:a‘méség'a wildrmg‘asg’Ens nenEMO- kwak: yixs ‘nek-ék qa‘s Léxs‘alé lin qa‘s k-!ésads la g'ag-alagema- xenucx" dléxwalgiwa‘yé qa‘s Atmeods hélaxné gaxEnu®x” qa‘s q!ny6- Ladsaxa seyak!wema. Wii, laemLas mop!enxwa‘s LO k!waél 1axds Logwatyaqos g-Okwa,”’ ‘néx*‘laéda max‘énoxweé bebregwankma. Wii, latlaé ‘witla hoqtwelséda bebrEgwankmé laxa g:okwe qa‘s li hé‘stala laxa Llema‘isé. Wii, lafmé L!aledéda max‘énox". Wii, dem‘lawiseé la k!waelé Haéiektimaé laxa dgwiwalilasés Logwatyé gokwa. Wai, Amm‘lawisé la nifnakwe k!waxia‘yas laxés g'okwé lax Oseq'. Wa, wax ‘em‘lawise wiLase'we k!waxtatyas Haéitektime. Wi, dem<‘la- wise ‘nék'a: “Gwaldzis gwagwex's‘alagé,” ‘néx“‘laé, qaxs doqwa- 40 laf‘maéda q!énkmé bebegwinrmxs g’axaé hoqtiwels qa‘s li hiyEn- 5 BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 819 the house, going down | the beach, and going into the sea; and | they all spouted, and the men turned into killer-whales; | and he also had heard what was said by the killer-whale | men to Haéiekt- mé*. Therefore he did not wish them || to talk abouthim. When four days had passed, | the steersman of Haétektimé‘ arose and went | to the hunting-canoe of Haéitektimeé*®. Then he paddled | and went to the large house. Before he got near, | he saw the great house; and painted on the outer || front was a killer-whale. And he saw Haéin- ktime* | walking outside. Then he went ashore, and Haéiektimé: | went to meet him. Then Haé.tektimé spoke, and | said, “Come, master, and go into this my house which I obtained as supernatural treasure.’ | Thus he said to him, and immediately the steersman followed him, || and they went in. Then Haé_ektimé: saw that | all the four posts were carved in the form of sea-lions, | and there were sea-lions at the ends of the two beams of the house. | The heads of the sea-lions showed outside at the front boards of the house. | When he had done this, Haérektimeé® went out of the house; and || his steers- man spoke, and said,| ‘“O Master HaéLekiimé*! stay here and let me ask | our tribe to come and move here.’ Thus he said. | Then he was just told by Haé_ekiime* to go. Immediately | the man went ts!ésrla laxa L!ema‘isé qa‘s la hox'sta !axa demsx’é ‘wapa. Wii, li ‘naxwa L!al‘éda; la‘mé la ‘naxwa lamax‘énox*wédéda bebregwanrmé. Wa, hé*miséxs ‘naxwatmaé wtiLElax waldemi‘liliisa max*énoxwé bebregwanrm lax Haé_ektiima‘tyé. Wa, hé'mé lagilts k-!és ‘nék- qass gwagwex's‘alé lag. Wi, gilfem‘lawisé mop!enxwa‘sa laé gigustaweda begwanemé, yix klwaxtas yas HaéLekiima‘ye qa‘s li jages ya‘yatsléda alé‘waskLeliis Haétekiima‘yé. Wii, la‘laé séx‘wida qa‘s li laxa ‘walasé g‘okwa. Wii, k-lés‘nm‘lawisé éx‘ag‘aarela laqéxs laé dox‘waLklaxa ‘walasé g‘okwa k-!atamalaé tsigemas Llasand‘yasexa max‘énoxwé. Wi, lii doqtilax HaéLektima‘yaxs gignlsplaé. Wa, latlaé lag-alis lag. Wéa, lamm‘lawise Haé tekt- ma‘yé lalalaq. Wii, la‘laé yaq!ng'a‘la, yix Haé_ektima‘tyé. Wa, la‘_laé nék'a: “Gélag'a adi, qa‘s lads laéi laxg'kn Logwég'En g@-Okwa,” ‘néx“laéq. Wi, héx‘idarm‘lawisé ic wagenyas la ioe méq qa‘s lé hogwira. Wai, la‘mé dox‘waxelé Hasiektimatyaqexs laé la ‘naxwarm la k:!ék:!ak" L!ér!ex*rnés mots!aqé LéLama. Wa, laxaé la Lléx!exbalaxa malts!aqé k-ék-atewésa gOkwé. G-ax xi xExsila x‘Ix'Omsasa L!éL!éxEné lax tsigemas piisandtyase. & g-okwe. Wi, lapm alfem hé gwéx“idnxs laé lawelsé Haétektimatyé. Wii, la‘laé yaq !eg-a‘téda begwanrmé, yix khwaxtatyas. Wai, la‘laé ‘nék-a: “eva, qlagwidi, Haétektima‘yii’, yilag‘azma lax qrn lalagi aixk: !a- laxens g‘okilota qa g‘axlag’ésé mp‘wa laq",’”’ ‘néx<‘laé. Wii, fimm‘lawisé ‘néx‘sds Haetektma‘yé qa‘s lalag’é. Wa, héx-‘idarm- ‘lawisé la lawrlséda begwanrmé qa‘s li laxs lixés ya‘yats!6 xwa- 41 45 50 55 60 41 45 50 55 60 65 75 80 — 65 70 75. 80 1 820 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH. ANN. 35 out and went aboard his small canoe || and paddled. Then he arrived | on the beach of the village at Oseqr. Then he was met by his tribe; | and immediately he reported about Haétekime®, that he had obtained a | large house at Adsayagtiim as supernatural treasure; and before he ended his | report, the tribe pushed their canoes into the water || and loaded them. They took down their houses and took them | to Adsayagttm, and they built the houses of the tribe on each side of the | large house. Now the large house was in the middle at | Adsayagtim. Now Haétekiimé* was a real chief among his tribe, | the ancestors of the numaym Léq!em. That is the end. || 2. Léetegéd. They have no painting on the outer front of the | house of Chief Lalép!alas. A double headed serpent is across | the top of the house front, and a wolf stands on the | man in the middle of the double headed serpent. A raven stands at the door of the | house, and the raven stands with spread legs; and || those who go into the house walk under them, for that is the door of the house between the | feet of the raven. | NAMES OF THE Kwac' ut EHAGLes AND NuMAYMS These are the names of the Eagles of the Kwag-ul: | 1 and 2. L!aqwag’ila (Copper-Maker) is the first of the Eagles. | Next to him is Doqwiyés, who is of the numaym DzEndzEnx'q!ayo | xwagtima. Wi, lamm‘laiwisé sex‘wida. Wa, gil*mm‘lawisé lag-alis lax L!ematisasés g’Oktilasé Osrq" laa‘lasé lalalasosés g-oktilote. Wai, lakm‘laé héx‘idanm ts!nk !akéts Haétektimatyaxs Logwalaaxa ‘wa- lasé g'dkwa lax Adsayagtiim. Wa, k !és‘em‘lawisé q!tlba ts!ek-!a- Irlaénafyas laaflasé witx"staléda lélqwailanatyaxés xwaxwak!tina qa‘s moxsEléq. Wai, la‘mé ‘wilg‘Elsa L!éxaxés gigokwe qa‘s liis lax Adsayogiim. Wa, &‘misé ‘wix'sag'Elsele gig Okwas gOktilotaséxa ‘wilase g'okwa. Wi, lafmé neqétsemalasa ‘walasé g‘okwa lax Adsoyagtim. Wa, la‘mé Ala la gigimatyé HaéLekiima‘yasés g-okt- lota g-Aliisa ‘ne‘mémotasa Léq!eme. Wi, larm laba. 2. LéLegedé, yixs k‘!eisaé k‘!atemés tsigmmas L/asand‘yas ge okwas gigima‘yasé Lalép!alas. Wii, li sisreyuré gégiwatyas tsagemas L!asana‘yas @okwas. Wa, la‘laé aranmrme gvilala lax bak-awa‘yasasisEyuLe. Wa, la‘laé pawiléda ewa‘wina lax at!ex‘ilisa gokwe. Wii, la‘laé gaxalaxa gwatwina. Wa, hé‘mis la qiayaboda- lasdsa laéLé laxa gdkwé qaxs hé‘maé t!nxilisa gokwé Awagawa‘yas g og Egityasa gwafwina. Names or THE Kwac'ut Eacites AnD NumMayMs Gakrm LéeLEgEmsa kwekwékwasa Kwaktig-ule: 1 and 2. L!aqwag‘ila héem xamaélbésa kwékwekwe. (Wai, hé‘mis BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 821 of the ‘walas Kwag'ul, but L!aqwag’ila is of the numaym Maamta- gv ila || of the Gwétrla. | 3. Next to him is K‘imk'rqrwid of the numaym G’éxsmm | of the Gwétela. | 4. Next to him is ‘max"mrwisagrmé’, next to K‘imk’nqrwid, | when property is given to the tribes, when he invites all the || four Kwakiutl tribes at Tsaxis. ‘max"mmwisagemé’ is of the | numaym Wawilibiyé* of the ‘walas Kwag' ul. | ‘ 5. Next to ‘max"mrwisagrmé® is ‘walas. | ‘walas is Eagle of the numaym Gig‘ilgim of the Q!omoy&‘yé, who were named by the | first people Kwexa. || 6. Next to him is Agwilagnme®, to ‘walas, for | Agwilagnmé* is Eagle of the numaym Kikwak !um of the Q!omoya‘ye. | 7. Next to him is G'éxse‘stalisemé, to Agwilagnmé®, | for G' éxse- ‘stalisemé is HKagle of the numaym Yaéx’ agemés | of the Q!omo- ya‘ye. || 8. Next to him is Neg’idzé (Great-Mountain), to G éxsé‘sta- liseme‘, for | Neg idzé is Eagle of the numaym G’éxsEm of the fwalas Kwag'ul. | ; These are all the Eagles of the three tribes of the Gwétrla, | and Q!omoya*‘yé, and ‘walas Kwag ul; and there isno Kagle | among the Q!omk’ !ut!ms. These are the Eagles of the Kwakiutl tribes who mak‘ilaqé Doqwayés, yixs ‘nE‘mémotasa DzendzEnx’q!ayosa ‘walas Kwag'ula,) yixs Maimtag-ilaé ‘nu‘mémotas L!aqwag'ila yisa Gwé- tela. 3. Wi, hé'mis makilé K-imk-nqmwidé, yixs ‘ne‘mémotasa G°éxsE- mésa Gwéetela. 4. Wii, hé*mis mak-ilaqé ‘max"mkrwisagEma‘yé lax K-imk kqr- wide, yixs yaqwasr‘waé lax lélqwilarafyaxs p!ékwaé ‘wi‘laxa Kwa- ktig'ulaxs moésgemakwaé laxga Tsaxisrk’, yixs Wawalibfya‘é ‘nn- ‘mémotas ‘max"MEWisagrma‘yasa ‘walasé Kwag-ula. 5. Wii, hé‘mis mak-ilax ‘max"mEwisageEma‘yé ‘walas, yixs kwé- kwaé ‘wilasasa ‘ne‘mémotasa Gig‘ilgimasa Q!omoya‘yexa gwe‘yasa gale begwinrm Kwéxa. 6. Wa, hé:mis mak“ila Agwilagema‘yé lax ‘walasé, yixs kwékwaé Agwilagematyasa ‘nE‘memotasa Kitkwak!umasa Q!omoya‘ye. 7. Wi, hé‘mis mak-ila G-éxsé‘stalisema‘yé lax Agwilagema‘ye, yixs kwékwaé G'éxsé* stalisema‘ yasa “nE‘mémotasa Yaéx-agema- fyesa Q!omoya‘yé. 8. Wii, hé*mis mak‘ila Neg-iidzé lax G-éxsé‘stalisema‘yé, yixs kwekwieé Nug-iidziisa ‘nE‘memotasa G:exsemasa ‘walasé Kwag-uta. Wi, larm ‘witlaxa kwékwekwasa yidux"srmakwéxa Gwétela LE'wa Q!omoya‘yé Le‘wa ‘walas Kwag-ula. Wai, la k !e4s kwéx"sa Q!omk'lut!mse. Garm kwékwéx"sa Kwakikewakwéxa gdktla 20 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 30 35 40 45 822 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 live || at Tsaxis; the Gwétrla, Q !omoyA‘yé, and ‘walas Kwag"ul; | and the Q!omk !ut!zs have no Eagle. | The order of the Eagles of the Kwakiutl is not changed when property is given to the tribes | when they are invited; for when the name-keepers | make a mistake, and place one Kagle over another one, || the Eagle at once quarrels with the one who had been named before him, and | often he breaks his copper, and often he gives the | broken piece of copper to the name-keeper, who keeps the order of seats of all the | men; for there is one man who is the name-keeper of the Gwét#la, | of the Q!omoyé‘ye, and of the ‘walas Kwag ul, and also of the || Q!omk’ !ut lms. | And these are never changed; for when a name-keeper gets weak | because he is old, he gives the office of name-keeper to his | eldest son, for the | name-keeper is not a nobleman. || The name-keeper of the Gwétezla is called Wiltsé‘stala, and his seat is | in the numaym Lailax’s‘endayo. | And the name-keeper of the Q!omoy4yé* is Séwid, and his seat is in the | numaym Haanaxrena. | And the name-keeper of the ‘walas Kwag'ul is Walalas, and his || seat is in the numaym Gig ilgim. | And the name-keeper of the Q!omk’ !ut!es is called Lalep !alas, and his seat | is in the numaym LéLEged. lax Tsaxisexa GwétEla LE‘wa Q!omoya‘tyé LESwa ‘walase Kwag-uta. Wii, la k-!e4s kwex'sa Q!omk:!ut!rse. Wi, hérm k'lés. layap!alaxs yaqwaspfwaasa lelqwitlanatyaxs LélplaseSwaéxa kwékwekwasa Kwaktkbwakwe, yixs gilfmaé Léx- Leqiilila q!aq!asto lagdtsa ‘neEmokwe kwek" laxa ‘nemokwé laé héx*‘idarm xomakidéda kwékwé Lefwa la nalagodeq. Wa, hét!a qfiinalatsé q!eltap!ex‘‘idaxés Llaqwa.. Wa, li q!tinala yax‘witsa q!eldekwé tlaqwa laxa q!aq!astowaxa LaLEXwa‘yasa ‘naxwa bé- begwanema, yixs ‘nalSnemokwaé begwaneme q!aq!astowasa Gwe- trla LESwa Q!omoya‘yé Lefwa fwalase Kwag-ula; wi, hé*misa Q!om- ‘kk: lut lesé. Wi, hémem klés Llan!ayokilé yixs @ilfmaé la wayats!ala qaxs laé q!tilyakwa q!aq!astowaxs laé lfsasés q!aq!astoénatye lax ‘no- last!egeEma‘fyasés begwanEmé xtindkwa, yixs k‘!ésaé naxsila bE- gwainkma q!aq!astowe, Wi, hérm q!aq!astdsa Gwetrlé Wiltsé‘stala, yixs hie Lagwatya ‘nE'mémitasa Lailax’s‘endayo. ; Wa, hémis q!aq!astdsa Q!omoya‘ye Séwide, yixs hie ragwa‘ya fnefmémotasa Haainavéna. Wa, hé'mis q!aq!astdsa ‘walas Kwag:ulé Walalasé, yixs hie La- gwafya ‘nE‘mémotasa Gig ilgime®. " Wi, hémis q!aq!astdsa Qlomk:!ut!esé Lalep!alasé, yixs hae 1a- gwatya ‘nE*mémotasa LéLEgede. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 82E And that is the way in which property is given to the Eagles when | property is given to the Kwakiutl tribes who are invited, for they never || allow any change of the order of their seats. | The Eagle gives his seat to his eldest son; and when | the eldest child of any Eagle is a girl, then | the girl takes the seat of her father the Eagle, although she has a younger brother, | for they can not give the place of the Eagle to the younger brother || of the eldest one of the children. | The only time when an Eagle gives his seat to the younger brother of the eldest child | is when that child dies. Then there is no objec- tion on the part of all the people, | when they give property to the Hagles. | For that they do not change their names starts from (the time) when long ago || O‘maxt!alané*, the ancestor of the numaym Gig ilgim of the | Q!omoya‘yé, made the seats of the Eagles; and those went down to the | numayms. And the name-keeper Wiltsé- £stala says, | “Now our chiefs have been given everything, and I will go right down (according to the order of rank).” | Thus he says, when he gives out the property; for I will just name the names || of one of the head chiefs of the numayms of the | Kwakiutl tribes. They never change their names from the beginning, | when the first human beings existed in the world; for names can not go out | of the family of the head chiefs of the numayms, only to the eldest one | of the children of the head chief. |j Wa, hérm gwiilaats yaq!wina‘yaxa kwekwekwaxs yaqwasr‘wa- asa lélqwilatatyax vélelase;waéxa Kwakik-rwakwé, yixs k-lésaé helq !ala layap !ala. Wai, li léx‘arm ladzatsa kweékwa ‘nolast!sgEma‘yé xtindkwa, yixs gilmaé ts!mdaiqé ‘ndlast!egEmatya siisemasa ‘naxwa kwekwekwa la‘mésa ts!edaqé Laxstodxés kwekwé Ompa, yixs wax‘‘maé ts!Aya- nux'sa begwanEmé qaxs k-lefsaé gweéx"‘idaas layo laxa ts!a‘yiisa ‘nolast!egnmafyasa sasEmasa kwékwe. Wi, léx'a‘més lax‘demsa kwékwé lax ts!A‘yisa ‘ndlast!:gema- fyaxs tr‘laé. Wa, larm k‘!e4s waldemsa ‘naxwa begwanem laxéq. Wa, gilfmésé ‘witla yax*witse’wéda kwéekwekwe. Yixs k!ésaé lan!ayoktlé Létegemas gviigitela lax g-alaolé Ommaxtlalatafyé, yix g-aliisa ‘ne‘mémotasa Grigilgimasa Q!omo- yatyé, Laxwégila qa Lanexwésa kwékwekwé Le‘wa neqaxa laxa énaltnesmemase. Wi, la ‘nék-éda q!aq!astowé, yix Wiltsé‘stala: “Tatmé wilxtowrns gigigima‘tyé. Wii, la‘mésren neqaxddrl,’’ ‘nék'pxs laé Lex‘édex Jaxen léxaénéemié Léqelaso‘La LéLEgE- masa ‘nalinEmodkwé lax LéLaxuma‘yasa ‘nalfne‘mémasasa Kwaki- kEwakwéxa k:!ésé Llan!ayoxtilabendalaxes LéeLegemé g*iig‘itela lax galaolé bekumg‘alisa bébrgwanrméx, yixs k-!ésaé [alts !4é- noxwé LeLEgEMasa Laxumasfyasa ‘nail‘nEsmémasé laxa ‘nolast !pgE- ma‘yas sisEmasa LéLaxuma‘ye. 48 50 v0 60 65 60 70 “I or 90 70 90 824 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL | PTH. ANN. 35 And the names can not be given to the husband of the | daughter, none of the whole number of the names, beginning with | the ten- months child’s name until he takes the name of his father, the name of the | head chief. These are called the “myth names.” | The only names of the head chief of the numayms || that can be given in marriage are the names which he obtaims in marriage from his fathers-in-law, and | also the privileges, for he can not give his own privileges to his son-in-law. | And when the head chief of a numaym has no | son, and his child is a girl, she takes the place | of her father as head chief; and when the head chief has no child, || and the younger brother of the head chief (among the brothers | of the man) has a child, even if she is a girl, then the head chief among the | brothers takes the eldest one of the children of his younger brother, and | places him or her in his seat as head chief of the numaym. | Now that finishes our talk about the Eagles, and the || head chiefs of the numayms of the Gwétela, for they never change | their order. | Now I shall talk about the number of numayms | of the Gwétrla and about the number of names of the head chiefs, beginning | from the time when they are born until they become head chiefs of the || numaym. | Wii, laxaé k!e4s gwéx*‘idaas lasés LeLEgEMe ax laSwtiinEmasés ts!edaqé xtindkwa lax ‘waxaasasés LéLEgemé gvig‘ivela laqéx g-a- laé hélogwila lag'aa laqéxs laé lanex Légemasés Ompéxa LAxu- méxiiiyo Léegema. Wa, héem LégadEs nuyambalis LéLEgEMé. Wii, léx-acme LeLEgEmg’ ilxLésa Laxuma‘yasa ‘naknE’mémasés erg'adanrmé LéeLegem laxés naEngtimpé LE‘fwa k-!ek-!rs‘owé qaxs i ledsaé gwéx*‘idaas lasés k-!ék:!ns‘o laxés negtimpé. Wi, gilfmésé klefs xtmokwa Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE‘mémotéexa bE- gwankmeé xtindx"s, wii, gilfmésé ts!edaqé xtinokwas Jae hé L!a- yoxés Ompe laxa Laxumatyé. Wa, giilfmésé k-!eds xtinox"sa La- xuma‘ye, wi, gilfmésé xtingwadeé ts!a‘yiisa Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE‘mé- miisa begwinrmé LOxs wax**maé ts!mdaqa, wi leda Laxuma‘yasa ‘nr‘méema &x‘édex ‘nolast!egema‘yas sasEmases tslatya qa‘s li Lax"stots laxés Laxwalaasa Laxumatyasés ‘nEsmemote. Wa, larm gwala gwagwex's‘ala laxa kwekwekweé Le‘wa LeLaxu- 5 mafyasa ‘nal'nr‘mémasasa Gwetela, yixs k-!ésaé lalagodala laxés gweewilarrlase. Wii, la‘mésen gwagwex's‘alal Jax ‘waxax‘fidadzasas ‘nal‘nE‘mé- masasa Gwétrla LOS Swaxaasas LeLEgEMas LéLaxumatyas gviig‘itela laqexs g'alaé mayodLEmsés abempe lag‘aa laqéxs laé Laxumdxés ‘nr memote. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 825 I. NUMAYMS OF THE GWETELA| 91 This is the head of the numayms of the Gwétela: | 1. Maimtag’ila. Their head chief is ‘maxityalidzé. This is his name | when he is head chief of his numaym, the Maimtag‘ila, and this || is the name when he invites all the tribes. | 95 And his man’s name is Yaqotas (Place-of-Obtaining-Property) before he | becomes head chief of the Maimtag’ila, for then he gives property to his | tribe the Gwétela. | And his young man’s name is L!ésdaq (White-Goose). And L!ésdaq gives away property to the young men || —that is, when the 100 young men give to one another paddles and mats, in the way | the first men used to do, for the sake of the greatness of the young man’s name, | butin our recent days it is different; for shirts and kerchiefs | are given away by the young men for the sake of the greatness of the young man’s name, | and nothing is given to old men when the young men || give to one another. | 5 And his child’s name, when he is ten months old, is Wawalk iné | (Found-by-Good-Luck) ; that is, when they singe off the (hair of the) head, and | after they are painted with ocher, and when the thunder- bird straps of | dressed deer-skin are put on. ‘The ocher is for the greatness of the name Wawalk iné‘, || when the whole tribe come to 10 paint themselves. | I. ‘NALES'NESMEMASA GWETELA 91 Wii, g'a‘més ‘mekumalats ‘nal*nb‘mémasasa Gwétela g’ada:— 1. Maimtag‘ila, yixs Laxumalaax ‘maxtiyalidzée. Hérm Légem- séxs laé Laxuma‘tyasés ‘neE‘mémota Maimtagila. Wi, hérm Legemsexs laé Léelelaxa ‘naxwa lelqwilara‘ya. 95 Wii, hémis q!waxexiiiyo Légemsé Yaqoras, yixs k-!és'maé 1a- xumdxés ‘nm‘mémota Maimtag-ila, qaxs laé t!ensela p!rsaxés g-Okti- lota Gwétula. Wa, la hélaxniilax Llésdaq. Wa, laem gumyadzeExrilax L!ésda- qéxa hi‘yal‘ixs gumyasap!aasa sé“wayowe LE‘wa lerlwatyexa gwe- 100 gilasa g-alé begwanrma qa O'mayosés hélaxLiiyowe Légema. Wii, lox se aléx ‘nila, yixs q!EsEna‘yaé LE‘wa larlaxwéwa: *yé la gtimyadzayosa hi‘yal‘a qa o‘mayosés gitmyadzExLiyo Légrma, yixs klefisaé lasa q!ulsq ltilyakwé bébrgwanrm laxa hi‘yak agala gtimyasap !a. 5 ' Wi, hémis ginlexiiiyo Légemséxs laé hélogwila yix Wa- walkinatye, yixs laé gwal ts!px'EltseEmtsE‘wé x‘Omsas LOxs laé gwal gitmsas0‘sa gtigiimyimée Loxs laé ‘wi'la qex“arele kinxwe- demas éElag‘imdzi. Wa, hé‘mis d‘mayos Légemasé Wawalk‘ina‘tya gigimyimaxs laé ‘naxwa gwagtimseniso‘ses g” dkULte. 10 11 15 20 11 15 30 826 ETHNOLOGY OF THE-KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 And his first name is that of the place where he was borne by his mother. | When the mother gives birth to her son at Tsaxis, | then his name is Tsaxisadzé; and when | she gives birth to a girl at Tsaxis, then her name is Tsaxisga. || And his sparrow name during the winter dance is K‘!anamaxsta. | And he is himshimts!gs, and his name is Himsbé‘; for there are seven | names for the head chiefs of the numaym Maimtag‘ila. | And all these names do not change. They come from the | family myth; and these are the names of the head chief of the numaym | Maimtag ila. | 2. Loyalatatwa. Their head chief is Ts!mx‘éd. That is his name when | he becomes head chief of the numaym Loyalala‘wa, and that is his name when | he inyites all the tribes. | And his man’s name is L !aqusdéselas. That is before || he becomes head chief of the Loyalalatwa, for then he gives away property to his | tribe the Gwétzla. | And his young man’s name is K‘!nnwés (spider crab), when | Klmnwés gives away to the young men, when they give to one another paddles and mats, | in the way the people used to do of old for the sake of the greatness of the young man’s || name. He has that name when he gives to the young men, | namely K*!nnwées. | Wi, hé‘mis gil Legemsé Swinagwits!énat‘yas mayoLasasés AbEMpas, yixs gilfmaé hé mayoraxa ts!edaqasés begwanemé xiindkwée Tsa- xisc. Wa, li, héx-‘idamm Léx‘étso‘s Tsaxisadze. Wii, gilfmesé ts!edaq@ miyoLemasa ts!edaqé lax Tsaxisé, laé Légades Tsaxisga. Wii, li gwedzexnila K:!anamaxsta laxa tslétsleqa. ; Wii, la himshimts!rsa, wi, li Légades Himsba‘yé, yixs aLEbo- sebmgiEx LELEGEMXsS LAXuma‘yasa ‘neemémotasa Maimtag‘ila. “Wii, yuwe‘staem k-!és Llanlayoktila LéLegemox g*iig‘itela lax nayamé. Arm héx’si Légemsa Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE*mémotasa Ma- imtag‘ila. : 2. Loyalala‘wa, yixs Laxumalaax Ts!rx‘edé. Hérm LégEmséxs laé Laxumafyasés ‘nE‘mémota Loyalalaf‘wa. Wii, hérm LegEMsexs laé Lélnlaxa ‘naxwa lélqwalanafya. Wi, hé*mis q!waxExLiiyo Légemsé L!aqusdésplasé, yixs k!és*maé Laxumdxés ‘ne‘mémota Loyalalafwa, qaxs laé t!enséla p!Esaxés ge dkilota Gwéetela. Wa, Jai hélaxnilax K-!rnwis. Wa, lapm gttmyadzeExtiilax K:lenwiséxa hi‘yaliixs gitmyasap!aasa sé'way we LEfwa IéEltwa- ‘yexa gwegilasasa gale begwanrma qa d'mayosés hé‘laxLayowé Légema. Wii, hé*mm régadéda Légemas gtimyadzexuiyosa héli, yix K-!enwisé. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 827 And his child’s name when he is ten months old is Walagannm; | that is, after they singe off (the hair of) the head, and after he is painted with | ocher, and when the thunderbird straps of dressed deer-skin are put on. || That is for the sake of the greatness of the name Walaganrm when he is painted, and | when his tribe pain themselves. | And his first name when he is borne by his mother is ‘yilis | if that is where he is born. Then his name is ‘yilis until the time | when he shall be ten months old. || And his sparrow name is Hanag’ats!@ (Advice-Receptacle), for Hanag'ats!@ was song-leader in the beginning | in the winter cere- monial; beginning from the time when the myth people first became human beings; | and it is only given to the eldest-born | children of the first Ts!mx‘éd. Therefore he has | the name, Hanae‘ ats!é. || And in the hamshamts!ms his name is ‘nawis; | and the name of the head chief of the numaym | Loyalala‘wa never changes, for he changes his name for a short time only | when he gets a name in marriage. | 3. Géxsem. Their head chief is K*imk'Eqnwid; that is the name when || he is head chief of the numaym G'éexsem, and that is his name when | he inyites all the tribes. | Wi, hé‘mis ginlexiiiyo Légemsexs laé hélogwila yix Walaganrm, yixs laé gwal ts!ex‘rltsemtsp‘wé x‘dmsas Loxs laé gwal gtimsaso‘sa gigtimyimé Loxs laé ‘witla qrx‘‘aLelé ktinxwédemas érlag‘imdza. Wii, héem O6mayds Légemasé Walaganem giigiimyimaxs laé ‘naxwa gwagtimséniso'sés goktlote. as Wi, hémis gil Légrmséxs g-alaé mayoLEmsés Abempé ‘yilisé qaxs hié mayoKidayoses ibempée, wi, la‘mé Légades ‘yilisé lalaa laxés hélogwilax:-demta. Wa, li gwédze xrilax Hanagats!é qaés gwasx‘iilaé nagadé Hana- gats!é laxa ts!éts!éqa giigitela laxs g-alaé gx bekumg-alisa g‘ila nux"nemisa k-!és layo laxa dgii‘la begwankma ogti‘la laxa ‘nolast!n- grma‘yas saspm‘naktlisa gala Ts!ex‘éda. Wa, hé‘mis lag-ilas Lé- gades Hanag-ats!é. ' Wii, la égades ‘nawis laxés himshimts!es. Wa hétemxat! k-!és Llatlayoktla Légemsa Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE- ‘mémotasa Loyalalafwa yixs léx‘af‘maé yawas‘id L!ayEwats Légema- séxs Legpmg ilxialasaé, yisés gng-adaase. , 3. G-éxsem, yixs Laxumalaax K-‘imk'rqrewidé. Héem Légemséxs laé Laxuma‘yasés ‘nE‘mémota Géxsemé. Wa hérm Légemséexs laé Létblaxa ‘naxwa lélqwilaxa‘ya. : 32 40 45 50 ww) bo 35 40 45 50 828 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 52 And his man’s name is Gayouelas, before he becomes | head chief of his numaym G’éxsEm, for then he gives property to his tribe | the Gwétela. || 55 And his young man’s name is Q!omas (crab); and he is named Q!omas | when the young men give away to one another shirts and kerchiefs for the sake of the | greatness of the name Q!omas. | And his child’s name is Wagedayo when he is ten months old, and when the | thunderbird straps of dressed skin are put on, and after 60 he is painted with || ochre, and after the hair has been singed off. | And when he is born in Ts!amas (Victoria), then his name is Ts !amas. | His sparrow name is X’awaats !é. | His name as himshimts!ns is Agés. | And his warrior name is K‘ilemalag’ilis, for he has been a warrior || 65 ever since the myth people became human beings. | 4. Kitkwak!um. ‘Their head chief is Neqap!mnk'em. This is his name | as head chief of the numaym Kikwak!um; that is | when he invites all the tribes, and he takes-the place of his father. | 790 And his man’s name is Tsrx‘wid before he becomes || head chief of the numaym Kiikwak!um; for then he gives away property to his | tribe the Gwétela. | 52 Wa, hémis q!waxexLiyo Légemsé Gayo elas, yixs k’!és*‘maé La- xumdxés ‘nr‘mémota G-éxsemé, qaxs laé t!enséla p!esaxés g-Okti- lota Gwetela. 55 Wa, la hélaxnilax Q!omasé. Wa, larm gtiimyadzextiilax Q!oma- séxa hi‘yaliixs giimyasap!aasa q!esEna‘ye Lefwa lalaxwiwa‘yé qa démayodsés Legemé Q!Omasé. Wi, la gintexxiilax Wagedayo yixs hétogwila, yixs laé ‘wi‘la la qexatelé ktinxwedemas Gelag'imdzi LOoxs laé gwal gtimsaso‘sa gtigtimyimé, yixs laé gwal ts!ex-EltsemtsE*wa. ; Wii, li mayorem laxa Ts!amasé, wi, hé‘mis Légemsé T’s!amase. Wa, la gwédzpxuiilax X-awaats!é. Wii, la Légades Agésé |axés himshimts!xts!éna‘ye. Wa, la babak!waxxilax K-ilemalagilis qaxs gwasx‘iilaé baba- 65 k!waxs gig itplaxs g-alaé bukug‘alisa nux"nemisé. : 4. Reatiewalelann ve Laxumalaax Neqap!enk'eme hérm Legem- sexs laé Laxuma‘yasés ‘nE‘mémota Kikwak!um. Wa, herm Legem- sexs laé Lételaxa ‘naxwa lélqwilata‘ya yixs laé Llayostodxés ompé. Wi, hé‘mis q!waxExLiyo Légemsé Tsex‘wide, yixs k:!és‘maé La- 70 xtimdxés ‘ne‘mémota Kikwak!um, qaxs laé t!enséla p!rsaxés ce oktlota Gwetela. i) 6( BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 829 And his young man’s name is Wabido‘; that is, when the young 72 men give to one another paddles | and mats, in the way the people used to do of olden times, for the sake of the greatness of the | young man’s name. || And his warrior name is | Yag’is. And he only takes the name 7 Yag'is when he has killed a man, and when he keeps the | scalp of the one whom he has killed in the way it was done by his ancestors, for | there is not one of the generations of chiefs Neqap !=nk’ rm who has not | killed a man; therefore their boxes were filled with |j scalps of the men they killed, and | therefore he is called Yag'is. | 80 And his feast name is Kwax‘ilanodkumé. | And his child’s name is Gtyaqa when he is ten months old. | And his sparrow name in the winter ceremonial is T!ét!zsmemx’- ts !ana. || When he is hamats!a he has the name 1 !’ix’ rlag’ilis. | 85 And when he was borne by his mother in Xulk", at the mouth of the river | Gwané‘, then his name is taken from the place where he was borne by his mother until he is ten months old. | Then he has the name Xitlk". | 5. Sénu!mm. Their head chief is ‘nemodgwis. That is his name when || he invites all the tribes, and when he is head chief of his | 90 numaym Séni!em. | * Ae * * * * * or Wii la helfaxrila Wabid6‘xa ha‘yalixs gimyasap!aasa sé*wayowe 72 LE‘wa lérlwa‘yéxa gég'ilasasa g-alé brgwanrma qa o'mayosés hélax- Liiyowé LégEma. Wii, la babak!waxtila ‘yag‘ise. Wi, lammxaé alf'em Léx‘édrs 75 fyagisé yixs laé k'!élak'axa begwankmé qa‘s g'axé axélax-L!ésas x‘dmsasés k-lélag‘ikweé lax gwégvilasas gvilg‘alisa wiwomps, yixs k-l!edsaé ‘nemox"sa Llat!ayots!ala gigime® Neqap!enk'Em k:!és k:!é- lax‘idxa brgwanrmé, lagilas hémeEnalazem qot!és gvildasaxa sabrekwé L!étsox x‘Omsasés k‘!élag-ikwé begwinrma. Wai, hé‘mis 80 lag-itas LégadEs ‘yag'isé. Wii, la k!wéladzexvila Kwaxilanokuma‘ye. Wa, la ginlexnila Giyaqa, yixs laé hélogwila. Wii, la gwédzexriila T!ét!esemx‘ts!ana lixa ts!éts!éqa. Wii, la Légades L!ix‘Elag“ilis laxés himats!aéna‘yé. 85 Wi, la mayoLEmsés ibempé lax Xtlkwé lax Ox"siwa‘yas wiis Gwiné:, wi, hé‘mé Légemséxa! gig iLela laqéxs g-alaé maiyoLEmsés ibempé lalaa laqéxs, laé hélosgemg'ila. Wa, lamm Légades Xtlkwe. 5. Seéni!em, yixs Laxumalaax ‘nrmodgwise, héem Légemséxs laé Lételaxa ‘naxwa lélqwilanafya qaés laénatyé Laxuma‘yasés ‘ne‘mé- 90 mota Séni!Emé. ’ Or héemis Légemsé. 95 100 10 15 92 95 100 or 10 8380 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETEH. ANN. 35 He is himshimts!gs and has the name L!émelxk’ !alag’ilis. | (Infant’s name, if born in Tsaxis, Tsaxisadzé.) | 6. Laailax's'endayo. The head chief is L!aqwalat. That is his name when | he is head chief of the numaym Laalax’s‘rendayo. That is his | name when he invites all the tribes, and when he tells the chiefs || of all the tribes that he takes the place of his father Llaqwalal, for | that is the head chief; and his father L!aqwalat just changes his name, | and he takes the name P!asnlal. And his seat is at the end, the last one in the | numaym Ladalax’s‘mndayo. | * E E * *k k * And his dance is the grizzly bear, and his name is ‘walas nan. | And when he is borne by his mother in Qalogwis, then | his name is Qalogwidzé. | ; x x 2 * * Xk * These are the seven numayms of the Gwétrla who || had the name Kwéxamot among the men of olden times; but the new tribal name | of the Kwéxamot is Gwétrla, since the time of ‘maxwa, when he | vas killed by the Q!omoya‘yé. | (Man’s name, Walewid; young man’s name L!Ewels (elk); feast name Kwax‘ilanokumé®; child’s name, Wadzid; sparrow name, Tsliiqa.) Wii, la himshimts!esa la Légades L!emelxk !alag-ilis. (Infant’s name, if born in Tsaxis, Tsaxisadzé. ) 6. Lailax’ssendayo, yixs Laxumalaax L!aqwalal; héem Légem- sexs laé Laxumafyasés ‘nefmémota Lailax’s‘endayo. Wa, hézm Légemsexs lae Lélelaxa ‘naxwa lélqwalatatya,qa‘s néléxa gig Egama- yasa ‘naxwa lélqwilatéxs In‘maé L!ayoxés Ompé L!aqwalal yixs lae héla Laxumafya. Wii, 4'misé Ompas L!aqwalate la Llayoxna. Wa, laem Légades P!asrlalé qa‘s li Laxsdend lax mak:!rxsda‘yasés ‘ne‘méemota Lailax’s*endayo. (Man’s name, Q!timx’6d; young man’s name, Hamdzalats!é; feast name, Kwax’se‘stala; child’s name, Adaxalis; sparrow name, Hore- lid.) Wai, li nané lidis; wii, la Legadms ‘walas nane. Wii, hélat!a miyoLEmsés ibempe Qalogwisé, wi, hé‘mis Legemsé Qalogwidze. 7. Elgiinwe® (chief’s name, G-éxk‘inis; man’s name, Lalaxs*En- dayo; young man’s name, ‘neEmgwanal; child’s name, Gviyaxalis; sparrow name, Diimis; niimal name, Nol‘id; infant’s name, if born at Wadzolis Wadzolidzé). Wa, lam ‘wiflaxa inebdsgemak!tisé ‘nal‘ne‘*méematsa GwetElaxa Léegada Kweéximote laxa gali begwanema. Wa, l4x aldmas legt- xLiyosa Kwéximotox Gwetelax, g’igtela lax ‘maxwa yixs laé k !élax*‘itsdsa Q!omoya‘ye. voas] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 831 Now, the names of the head chiefs of the various numayms do not change; | for the head chief can not give his || names to the husband of his princess, | oe with the head chief’s and man’s name, down to | the young man’s name, child’s name, sparrow name, and | himshimts!ms name, fool-dancer’s name, and grizzly-bear dancer’s name,—to his | sons-in-law; for it was instituted in olden times that the head chiefs || had to keep their names, and that they could give them to no other than the eldest among their | children. | Now that finishes our talk about the seven numayms | of the Kwéximot who have the new name Gwétrla, and the names | beginning with the time when the child is just born until he becomes | head chief of the numaym. That is all. | II. NUMAYMS OF THE Q!/OMOYA‘YE T shall first talk about the name of the tribe Q!omoya‘yé, for | this is the first name of the tribe Q!omoya‘yé. Then a warrior | killed ‘maxwa at Eg'isbalis, and ‘maxwa was the || head chief of the great head numaym of the Gwétxla, the Maimtag‘ila. | When ‘maxwa was déad, the Q!omoyé‘yé changed their name; and | now the name of the tribe was Kwéxa, beginning from the time when they killed the past ‘maxwa. | And then the Kwag'ul who have now the Wa, histarbm k:Jés L!lanlayoktilé Létegemasa LéLaxuma‘yasa alogtiq !Esé ‘nalnE‘mémota, yixs k'!nisaé gwex*‘idaasa Laxuma‘yé la Legemg’elxralasés Laxuma‘yé LeLeEgEM lax la¢wiinrmasés k:!édé- 2 léxa giigitela lax Legemas laxés Laxuma‘yaé LESwis q!waxPxziiyo iecwis hétaxtiyo Le‘wis ginlextiéyo LE‘wis gweédzExiiiyo LE‘wis haimshamts!ks LéLEgEma, LESwa nolemata LESwa nané lida laxés naEngimpé, yixs gwalrlamoydlarl Elg‘aaLElodayo Jaxa LéLaxuma- *yexa LeLEgemas qa k-!ésés lasas ]axa ogti‘la lax ‘nolast!kgema‘yasés saspme. Wi, larm gwala gwagwex's‘ala laxa itebdsgrmak!tsé ‘alknr- ‘mématsa Kweximotexa alexialix Gwétela LE‘wis LELEGEME g"ii- g-ivela laqéxs g-dlaé mayoLEmsés AbEmpé lag-aa laqéxs lae Laxumd- xés ‘nEe*mémoté. Wa larm laba. Il. ‘NAESNESMEMASA Q!OMOYASYE Hét!laten gil gwagwéx's‘alasta Ingtixniyisa Q!omoya‘yé, yixs hémaé gil Tngiixriyose Qlomayffyé. Wii, li k-!élaxidé baba- k!wiséx ‘maxwa lax Heg-isbalisé, yixs g‘igimatyaé ‘maxwa yisa ‘mEkuma‘yasa ‘walasé Sica Gwétrlaxa Maimtagiila. Wa, ge ilfmésé tnlé ‘maxwa laa‘lasé LlayoxLiixa Q!omoyi‘tyé. Wa, lazm- ‘laé lngtixtilax Kweéxa, g-igitelaxs laé kwéx‘édex ‘maxwol. Wi, lanm‘laxaawisa Kwag-uléxa la legixrilax Gwétela Llayoxii. Wii, 20 30 1S) 18 25 30 5 9 10 15 10 15 30 8382 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 name Gwétela also changed their name. | They had no longer the tribal name Kwag'ul, for that was the first tribal name of the |j Kwag'ul; but their tribal name was Kwéxamot, because | their chief ‘maxwa had been killed. And thus you know how it began | that the Q!omoya‘yé have the tribal name Kwéxa; for the name kwexa means that they strike with their walking-sticks whatever is struck by them, and that they | strike with the sword, for it is called kwéxa to strike with a pole, || as ‘maxwa was struck with when he was killed. That is all. | Now I shall talk about the various numayms of the | Q!omoya‘ye. The head numaym is: | 1. Ktkwak!um. * * * * * * * These are the myth names of the head chief of the | numaym Ktkwak!um of the Q!omoya*‘yé. | Now I shall begin with the names of the head chief next to this one. || * * * * * * * Now these are all the names of the head chief of the numaym | Yaéx'agemés. | larm‘laé gwal legiixnilax Kwag-ulé qaxs hé*maé gil lngtixniiyosa Kwag-ulé. Wa, lanm Ingtixrilax Kwéximoté, qaxs lae kwex‘é- tsefwes gigiméx'dé ‘maixwa. Wii, yufmok" qa‘s q!aladsax g-iig-iLe- lasas lag‘ilas Ingtixvilaxa Q!omoya‘yax Kwexa, yixs hé‘maé kwexa- xLéxa kwex‘idixés sek'!laganowé laxés kwéxase*wé LOxs kwex‘i- daasés kwéxayowé. Wa, héem Légades kwéxa yixs dzdmeg-alaé kwéxeliisa kwex‘idiix ‘maxwa laé tn‘lamatse’wa. Wa, ya'modq". Wi, laf‘mésen gwagwex's‘alal laxa alogtiq!esé ‘nal‘ne*mématsa Qlomoyatyé. Wii, hérm ‘mekumalatséxa 1. Ktikwak!um (chief’s name, Yaqotradzé; man’s name, Hawil- ktilal; young man’s name, Wabido‘; child’s name, Adag’i‘lak"; feast name, Mrenlédzadzé; sparrow name, Laxtalil; nitmal name, Sa- yak-!a; warrior’s name, K-ilem). Wi, hérm niyambalis LéeLEgrms Laxuma‘yasa ‘meEktima‘ye ‘nE- ‘mémasa Ktikwak!umasa Q!omoya‘ye. Wii, la‘mésen last lax LéLEgEmas LAaxuma‘yas mak iliiq. 2. Hainaréena (chief’s name, Yax'LEn; man’s name, TsEx‘wid; young man’s name, X-imayo; child’s name, Adag‘ilis; sparrow name, Nux'nemis; himshimts!es name, ‘nax‘newisElag‘ilis). 3. Yaéx‘agemé® (chief’s name, L!’qoLas; man’s name, YaqoLa- skmé*; young man’s name, Xwat!a; child’s name, Tsotasd*; feast name, Kwaktix‘Alas; sparrow name, Qaqrsbendala; himshamts!rs name, ‘nax'q !EsElag“ilis). Wii, laemxaé ‘wifla LéLEgEMasa Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE‘mémiisa Yaée- xagEema‘ye. ; Boas] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 833 x * * * * * * These are all the names of the head chief of the numaym | 46 Gig’ ilgim, for there are seven numayms of the Q!omoya‘yé. | That is all about the Q!omoya‘ye. | III. NUMAYMS OF THE ‘WALAS KWAG‘UE | 1 Now I shall talk about the numayms of the ‘walas Kwag'ut | and the names of their head chiefs. This is the first, the head | numaym:| 1. DarndzEnxq !ayo. 5 * * * * * * * These are all the myth names of the head chief of the || numaym.| 15 * * ok * * * ok 4. Haityalik-awé* (chief’s name, HixttyOsrmé‘; man’s name, L!an!a- lawis; young man’s name, K°!mnax"; child’s name, Wisadzé; spar- 35 row name, Yalela; hamshimts!es name, ‘na‘ndgwis; warrior’s name, GwaxtiLayig‘ilis). 5. Laxsi (chief’s name, ‘maxtiyalisemé*; man’s name, Lalak-ots!a; young man’s name, Bagwané‘; chiid’s name, Witalal; sparrow name, X-ix'EqeEla; nilmal name, Nendlogmmé‘; feast name, Kwax'sée‘stala; 40 warrior’s name, ‘yag-édEndl). : 6. Gigilgim (chief’s. name, K!wak!wabalasemé*; man’s name, Lialtid; young man’s name, Memtsilat; child’s name, Noté‘lak"; sparrow name, Wabrtols; grizzly-bear dance name, Nenk-as‘d; feast name, Porédeée‘stala; warrior’s name, Waleba‘yé). 45 Wi, laem ‘wila LéLegemasa Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE*mémaxa Grig“il- gim, yixs 4LEbosgemak!tisaé ‘nal*ne*mémasasa Q!omoyatyé. Wa, lazm ‘witlaxa Q!omoya‘yé. Ill. ‘NAESNESMEMASA *WALAS KWAG‘UL 1 Wi, la‘mésen gwigwex's‘alal laxa ‘nalfne*mémasasa ‘walas Kwa- gul LO® LeLEgEMas LéLaxuma‘yas. Wii, g'a‘més xatmabé ‘mek-u- meseg’a 1. Dzendzenx’q!ayo (chief’s name, Yax'LEn; man’s name, Hayal- 5 k'rngemé*; young man’s name, Sexitilas; child’s name, Déyadeas giyadzé; sparrow name, Hanag'id; himshimts!rs name, Gwayoki- lag‘ilis; deer-dance (gégextlal) name, Géwas; feast name, Mrlné- dzadzé; warrior’s name, K-ilem). 2. Wawiliba‘yé (chief’s name, Yaqal‘rnala; man’s name, Adma- 10 k'rn; young man’s name, ‘mek-Ala; child’s name, Aadét; sparrow name, Xodzenod; haimshimts!rs name, Hox‘wétaso®; feast name, Melnédzas; warrior’s name, Hémotelaso*). Wi, laemxaé ‘wi‘la niiyambalisé LéLegems Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE‘mé- ma. 15 3. G-éxsEm (chief’s name, Lavelit!a; man’s name, Yaqoras; young man’s name, K !wet!é; child’s name, Gifyaqa; sparrow name, L!em sétaso*; hiamshimts!Es name, ‘nax"danadzé; feast name, Kwax:sé- ‘staladzé; warrior’s name, K-ék-atrlayo). 75052—21—35 erH—pr 2——4 20 30 40 an) 40 834 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ~ [BTH. ANN. 26 IV. NUMAYMS OF THE Q!oMK'!uT!Es | Now I shall begin with the Q!omk' !ut!ms, for they are a tribe dif- ferent | from the ‘walas Kwag'ul, and this is the first | numaym: |— 1. Léq !em. * Xk *k E E * * And he is Notem dancer, and has the name Noltemé‘stalis if itis a man; | but if itis a woman, she has the name Noltemé‘stalidzemga; | his feast name is Mmenléd; he is a warrior, and has the name | Qenkiilag iidzem; and his name is thus because the | head chief of the numaym Léq!em never laughs. These are all the | names of the head chief. | * * * These are the different numayms of the four | Kwakiutl tribes, The Kwag'ul, who are called Kwéxamot, | of the Q!omoy4‘yé, who are called Kwéxa; and || of the ‘walas Kwag'ul, who are called Laqwi‘lila, because they burn everywhere the houses | of all the tribes when they make war upon them, for the ancestors of the | ‘walas Kwag'ul always made war, and therefore their war name is IV. ‘NAESNESMEMASA Q!OMK’'!UT!ES Wi, la‘mésen lista laxa Q!omk«!ut!Esé, yixs dgti‘lafmaé lélqwi- lace’ laxa ‘walas Kwag-ula. Wa, g'a‘més ‘mekumalas ‘nalnn‘mé- masasega 1. Léq!em (chief's name, HaéLektiimé’; man’s name, G:ayosdédza- srmé*; young man’s name, Metsa; child’s name, Adé‘stala; sparrow name, Qasglas). Wi, li nolmmé lidiis. Wa, la Legades Noltmmé‘stalis, yixs brgwa- nEmaé, wix’é ts!Edaqga la LégadEs Nolemé‘stalidzemga. Wi, 1a k!weladzexrilax Menlédé. Wi, la babak!wa; wa li Légades Qrn- kitilagilidzem, yixs héé lag‘ilas hé gwéx‘sg‘imala Légemasés k:!ésaé da‘lénoxwa Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE*mémiisa Léq!emé. Wa, lamrm ‘witlé LeLEgEMasa LAaXuma‘yas. 2. LéLeged (chief's name, Lalep!alas; man’s name, Ek: !awég‘i- ‘lak’; young man’s name, Max‘énox"; child’s name, O‘mag‘ilis; spar- 5 row name, L!emyala; hamshimts!rs name, L!aquselag‘ilis; feast name, PoLid; warrior’s name, GwaxtiLeyigilis). Wi, larm ‘witla laxéq yix alogtiq!rs ‘nal‘nm‘mématsa mosgEma- kwé Kwaktk-ewakwaxa Kwag'uléxa Léeqrlase‘was Kwéximote. Wa, hé‘misa Q!omoya‘yéxa LéqElase‘was Kwexa. Wa, hé*misa ‘walas Kwag-ulxa Léqrlases‘was Laqwi‘lila qaxs laqwi‘lilaax gig-d- kwasa ‘naxwa lélqwaleLa‘tya, yixs winaaq qaxs winabrsaéxa galiisa fwalas Kwaeul. Wa, hém’s winaxriiyosé Laqwiflila. Wa, hé*misa Boas] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 835 Laqwi‘lila; and also | the Q!omk’!ut!ms who are called Lozl- q!wénox® (halibut-fishers). And so that is all | about this. || These names never change. | I think this is all, for these are the names of the | head chiefs of the numayms of the tribes, and the houses and the | dogs all have names. The reasons why the chiefs of the people of former times | kept dogs was to keep watch against attacks of enemies and against attempts of witchcraft. || Q!omk:!ut!nséxa LEqElasE‘was Lorlq!wenoxwe. Wa, lawésLa ‘wi'la laxéq.! Wi, hérm k:!és L!ayoénox" LéeLEgEmMEeE. Wii, laxst!aak““em ‘wifla, yixs ‘nixwa‘maé hé gwila LéLEgemas LéLaxuma‘yas ‘nalfne‘mémasa lélqwilara‘yé Lefwa g‘Okwé LEfwa wadts!@; ‘nixwarm LéLEgada, yixs hé*maé lagilasa g'ig-EgEma‘yasa g-alé axélaxa ‘wats!é qa‘s q!aq!alalaxa wina LESwa dadaala éqa. 1Here follows a list of the names of houses and dogs of the chiefs which I have omitted. See tabular statement, pp. 795 et seq. See also Addenda, p. 1386. 43 45 43 VIII. FAMILY HISTORIES Walt oF L!AL!EQWASILA,! A Gwa‘fsELA Woman? 1 Haha hanané! Now I come to think of my forefathers | and of my great-grandfathers. Now I will tell the story of my house | when we were chiefs in the beginning of this our world. | 5 Haha hanané! Yaqatr‘nala (II 1) went about spouting. || He was my chief in the beginning of the world. He traveled about in his canoe, | a whale; for he was a whale, the ancestor of my people the Gwa‘sgla; | and he went into Negét. He saw that there was a good beach, | and he went ashore there; and Yaqatr‘nala (II 1) built a 10 house, | and came out of his whale-body. Now, || the whale-canoe of Yaqaln‘nala (II 1) lay crosswise on the beach. | Then Yaqate‘nlis (II 1) gave a name to the village, and called it Gwéqrlis. | isc hanané! Then Yaqatenlis (II 1) said that he would go and | see the country southward. He went aboard his | traveling-canoe, 15 “ Whale,’ and came to Padzo. There || Yaqate‘nala (II 1) saw a good beach, and | the whale landed in the middle of the beach of Padzo. | Yaqatenlis (II 1) went ashore out of his traveling-canoe, WAIL oF L!AL!EQWASILA,! A GwafsELA WOMAN 1 Haha hanané; lakastmaégin g*ig'aéx‘idxen wiwompk‘aswiila Lokwasen gigasElak‘asa lak-as‘mésen newélasg‘in gwalé ‘alidzemék: giqostilés laxo ‘na‘lax. Haha hanané; wa hék‘as‘maéxs lak-asaé L!altsé‘staliselé Yaqalr- 5 ‘nalaésxen g‘iqag'Iwatyé gwalesa ‘yatyasElaxés gwE*yime ‘yinasEla qakasexs gwrfyimaEn fiwaniyax Gwa‘serlek:. Wi, gaxk-asé g-a- xélid lak‘asex Negeré. Wi,lak-asé dox‘watelaxé 6x’é afwinagwisa. Wii, lak-asé lag-alis laq. Wa, lak-asé gOkwila Yaqate‘nala laqéxs lak‘asaé liqd laxé gwrtyime. Wa, alewasemese la gég‘ilisrlak-asa 10 gwe‘yimé ‘yatyats!és Yaqatr'nala laxé L!ema‘yaése. Wa, lik-as‘mé iY aqatenlise Lexéts Gweqslisé laxés la g'Okwélasa. Haha hanané; hék-as‘més la nég'ats Yaqatenlisé qa‘s gaxk-asé doxdrgwéselaxd ‘nalenak-dlax. Wi, lak-as‘mé laxs laxés ‘ya‘yasi- ‘liilayowa gwetyimé. Wa, g’axk-asé laxd Padzawa. Wa, lak-asé 15 Yaqale‘nala dox¢watelaqoxs ék-aéx Awinagwisa. Wa, lak-as‘mé tsEx‘waliséda gwr‘yimé lak‘asex ‘nEgoyalisas Padzawa. Wai, lak-as- ‘laxaé la Yaqalenlise lalta laxés ‘ya‘yasi‘lilayuwa gwe‘yimé qa‘s la 1 LlaL!Eqwasila. 2 In the following family traditions the individuals are designated by Roman numerals for each gen- eration; by Arabic numerals for each individual. This seemed necessary on account of the constant changes of names. 836 Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 837 “Whale,” and went | to look atit. He saw that it was a good place to build a house. | And now Chief Yaqatrnilis (II 1), my ancestor, built a house ten || steps deep. He closed the mouth of the river at | emxsdelis, and therefore the river is called emxsdelis (closed- bottom). | Then Yaqatenlis’s (Il 1) name was changed from Yaqa- tenlis | to Tsextspxtilis (stranded-whale); for that iswhat the whale did when | it went ashore at Padzod. Now, Tsextspxtilis (II 1) finished || his house. It was ten steps deep. ‘Then a canoe | came paddling along, and TsrxtsExilis (II 1) went to meet (the travelers), and he | invited them in. A man and his wife | and a pretty young woman came ashore. They sat down. | Then Tsrxtsextilis gave them to eat. And after they had eaten, || Tsextsextilis questioned his guests: “O brother! | who are you?”’? Then the man said,‘T | am Sénié® (I 1). My village is in the world above, | and this is my princess, Sént !égas (II 2); and this | is my wife, O brother!” Then Sént !é* (I 1) questioned him also: || “And who are you, O brother!” Then | Tsrxtsextilis (II 1) replied, and said, “I am | Tsrxtsextiis. IT come from North-End-of-our-World. | I wish to marry your prin- cess, O brother!so | that our names may be really together.’ Then || Sénx !é* (I 1) asked his princess to sit down by the side of | Tsrx- dox‘wideq. Wi, lak-as*mé dox*wartplaqéxs ék-aé lax g-dkwélase. Wa, lakas*mé Yaqalenliséxen giqag'iwatyé gOkwélaxé ‘neqax*‘i- daxalité dzoyagek" o-okwa. Wai, lak‘astma Emx*Emk‘amasax wiis 2 Emxsdelisé. Wi, hék-as‘més lag‘ilas Légats emxsdelisa wa. Wai, lak-as*mé L!atyox.iityé Yaqalenlise; wii, lak-as‘mé Légadé Yaqatenli- sisas Tspxtsextilisé, qak-asé gwéx‘idaasasa gwe‘yimaxs lak-asaé tsexwalisa gwE‘yimé lak-asex Padzawé. Was, lak‘as‘mé g-walk-asé g-dkwilafyas Tsextsbxtiliséxa neqix*‘idaxalité dzdyagek" g okwa g-axkasaasé séxwa. Wai, lak‘asé Tsextsextilisé lalaliq qak-ats La‘liflaléq. Wa, g'axk'asé hox*wtisdéséda begwankrmé Lokwasés gE- nEmé Lokwasa éx’sokwé aldstagas ts!edaqa. Wa, lak-asé k !tis‘alita. Wa, lak-asé Tsextsextilisé L!exwélaq. Wi, gilk-as‘mésé gwal L!n- xwaxs lik-asaé Tsextsextilisé wittak-asxés L!exwélag‘ilé: “Wii, ‘nem- weEyot; so*maa Engwas.’’ Wai, lakasé ‘nékaséda brgwankrmé: “Nogwak-as Sénu!atya g-Okitla lax ék!adzélisasens ‘nalak'aséx. Wii, yokwas'mésen k:!édétk: Baa yik‘asxox Séni!égaséx; Lokwasg‘in gE- nemk-asek’, ‘nemweyot.” Wa, lak‘asé Sénwlatyé Gawaqak: as wiiLak'asEq: “Wa, sokwas‘maa Engwas, ‘nEmweyot.” Wa, lak-asé Tsextsextlisé na‘naxmékaseq. Wii, lak-asé ‘nék‘asa: ‘“Nogwak‘as Tsextsextilisa, g-iix‘id lak-asxOx gwabalisasmns ‘nalax. Wa, lak-as- ‘mésEn enbx'k-as qen gagak léxs k:ledétk-asaqds, ‘nemweydt, qa- krasaEns 4'ma ‘nemg‘ilqrlaxens LéLegemk‘aséx.”” Wa, dkwas*mésé i) on 35 25 30 35 Sént !a‘yé eyalaxsigwitaxés k-ledétk'asé qa lik-asés k!wanddzelita 40 42 45 50 55 60 41 45 Oo i=) 60 $38 ETHNOLOGY OF ‘THE KWAKIUTL - [ETH. ANN. 35 tspxiilis, and they were married. Then | Séni!é (1 1) gave as a marriage present the names Sésaxflas and Sewid to | Tsextsextiis (II 1), and this was the first name obtained in marriage by my ancestor the chief. | Haha hanané! When Seéni!égas (11 2) had a child, || a boy, Sénu!e (I 1) called his grandson Anx‘wid (IIT 1), | and Sésaxdélas called his child Yaqatenlis (III 1), | and Sésaxdlas gave his house of ten steps to his | son Yaqalenlis. Therefore I am on one side Kwakiutl on account of | the chief, my ancestor. || Haha hanané! Now, Sésaxdlas (II 1) said that he would go to | see the regions to the south. Sén !é* (1 1) and | his wife, and Sent !e- gas (II 2) and her son, Anx‘wid (III 1), stayed at home. | Now we shall call him by this name, for the child Yaqatenlis (III 1) | had this name on the side of his father Sésaxflas (II 1). || Sésaxalas left the whale as food for his father-in-law Sénu!é (I 1); | and Sénx !é* (I 1) gave his flat-bowed canoe to his son-in-law Sésaxflas (II 1) | to travel in, for he was going to see the southern regions. | As soon as Sésaxalas (II 1) started, | Senu!ée® (1 1) cut off the blubber of the whale. Now, Sénx!é obtained a new name || from this, and his princess was named K’ !amaxalas (II 2). | And after this she was not named Sént !égas (II 2); and Sénu!e® (I 1) obtained | this new Tspxtspxtilise. Wa, lak-as'mé hayasek dlax*‘ide. Wa, lak-as‘mé Sén- Liatyé Légemg’ ElxLalax Sésaxdlasé Lokwase Séwide lak-asex TsextsE- xiilisé. Wa, hék-asem gil geg-adankm LéLEgEMsEn g'iqag‘iwa‘yé. Haha hanané; wi hék-as*em la xtingwadaats Seni!égesasa ba- bagumé. Wi, lak-as@ Sénu!atyé Léx‘éts Anx‘wide lak‘asxés ts!0x"- Lema. Wii, lak-asé Sésaxdlasé Léex‘éts Yaqalwnlise lak-asxés xtnokwe. Wai, lak-as'mé Sésaxdlasé ts!Asés neqax*‘idaxalilé dzoyagek™ g-ok" lak-asxés xtindkwé Yaqalenlisé. Wa, hék-as‘em la kwaxtk: !0t !p- nésEn giqagiwa‘yé. Haha hanané; wii, lak‘as'més@ Sésaxalasé ‘néxkas qa‘s lak-asé doqwaxwa ‘nalé‘nak‘Alax. Wa, lak‘asé amlexwe Seniatyé Lokwa- sés genEmé Lokwasé Séni!légasé Lokwasés xtindkwe Anx‘wide. Wii, lak-astmens Léqrlates lak‘asqéxs lak-asaaxt Legadkats Yaqa- Ienlisa g-inanemk-asé lak-asxés Ompk‘as3 Sésaxalase. Wai, lak-as'mé g-Olisa Sésaxdlasisa gwe‘yimé Jik‘asxés negtiimpé Séenilatye. Wa, lak-as*mésé Séni!a‘ye lak-atsés t!egtiné lak‘asxés negiimp SésaxAlasé qak‘as ‘ya‘yats!és lak-asxés laénéré doxdrgwéselak-asxe ‘nalé‘na- kala. Wa, giilk-astmésé aléx¢wide Sésaxdlasaxs lak-asaé k!a- maxelé Séenulatyaxé gwe‘yimé. Wii, lak‘as*mé LégemoLé Sén- Liatye lak‘asxéq. Wi, lak-as‘mé Légadé k-!édétasa K:!imaxalasé. Wi, lak-as‘mé gwal Légades Sénx!égasé. Wa, lak-as‘emxaé gviya- nemé Sénilafyaxa Légemk‘asé lak‘asxés k-!imaxelak-ats!énafyaxa roas| FAMILY HISTORIES 839 name from the cutting of the blubber of the | whale. Now, Sésaxélas (II 1) arrived at Odzalas, | for that is where the houses of the ances- tors of the Nimkish stood, of || Héxhak'in (I 2). Then my ancestor Chief Sésaxdlas (II 1) was invited in. |—| Haha hanané! My great-grandfather was taken care of by the | ancestors of the tribes. | Haha hanané! Therefore I feel proud in my heart. || Haha hanané! Then Sésaxalas (IT 1) followed Héx’hak‘in (I 2), | and they went into the hcuse with the carved posts. Then | Sésa- xAlas (II 1) was told to sit down on the bear-skin spread on the floor. Then they | broke roasted sockeye-salmon, and Sésaxalas (II 1) ate. | Sésaxdlas saw the princess of || Héx'hak‘in (12) sitting by the side of her mother; and | after Sésaxflas (II 1) had eaten, he was questioned by | Héx’hak'in (1 2): “Let me ask you, O brother! who are you?” | Then Sésaxélas said, ‘‘1 | am Sésaxdlas (II 1). I come from the northern part of our world.’ Thus he said || to him. “ And who are you?” asked Sésaxdlas of Héx’hak’in. | Then he said, “T am Héxhakin (I 2). I have always | lived in the village of Odz&las; and this is my princess | Gaaxstalas (II 3), and this is her mother Hek inédzemga (I 3), | and these are my slaves, and the speaking-posts of my || house.’”’ Thus said Héx'hak’in (I 2) to Sésa- gwe‘yimé. Wi, lak-as'em lag'aé Sésaxdlasé lak-asex Odzilase qak‘asexs hék‘asaé goktilé g‘igima‘yasa g'alisa ‘nemgésé, yikasnx Héxhak‘iné. Wa, lak-asé valé‘lalaso‘kwasa yik-asxen o‘iqag‘iwa‘ye . to} | fo) “ Sésaxalaseé. Haha, hanané; xa gwalelak‘assmdla mayax‘ilaso‘kwasen gaga- sElisa gala begwanrmsa lélqwalaa‘ye. Haha hanané; hék‘as‘més 0kwas‘rm Lemgemsg’in naqgék‘asg‘in. ; : 5 fo) D Haha hanané; wa, lak-as*mé Sésaxdlasé liig-éx Hex hak iné qa- kats li hogwer lak-asxé gokwe k'!éx‘k!ladzekwa. Wai, lak‘as‘mé = to) k!wadzolélemé Sésaxalasé lak-asxé tebélé Liatya. Wa, lak-asé LEnX‘witso‘kwasa L!obEkwé meléka. Wa, lakas'me L!exwak-asé Sésaxilasé. Wa, lakas‘mé Sésaxdlasé doqtlakasex k:!édétas Heéx‘hak‘inaxs k!waétk-asaé lak-asex apsalilasés Abempk‘asé. WaA, gilk-as‘mése gwaltk'as L!exwe Sés xdlasaxs lakasaé wt!alé Héex:- hak-inax Sésaxaélasé: ‘“‘Wig:ax'en wttLak-asoL, ‘neEmweyot, sokwas- g oy) ‘maa angwak‘ats?’’ Wai, lak‘asé Sésaxdlasé ‘néx'k‘asnq: ‘‘ Nogwa- kas Sésaxalasa giix“‘idblak‘aspx gwabalisasmns ‘nalax,’ ‘néx‘k‘as laxaéq. ‘WA, angwak-ast is?’ ‘néx-k‘as‘laxaé Sésaxdlasax Héx‘ha- kiné. Wa, lak-asé ‘nék‘a: ‘“‘Nogwakas Héx‘hak‘ina. Hé*mEnés o Oktilak-as laxoOx Odzdlaséx. Wa, yokwas'mésen k:!édelox Gaax- to) “ = stalask'aséx LOkwasox abempk‘asaxs yikasxox Hék-inédzemgax, yokwas'mésen q!aq!ek‘Ox, LOokwasen yaéq!ent!alax LéLamsen g Okwaséx,” ‘nék-asé Hex*hak-inax Sésaxalasé. Wii, lak-asé Sésa- 63 65 70 75 80 85 75 80 85 86 90 95 100 5 90 100 840 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 xfilas (II 1). Now, Sésaxdlas | tried to discover the thoughts of Hex hak‘in (I 2), and he wooed | his princess. Then Héx'hak’in told Sésaxdlas, | the chief, my ancestor, to go ahead (and to marry her), as he had said. | Then Sésaxdlas (II 1) married her by giving him his traveling-canoe. || After they were married, Hex hak’in (I 2) spoke, | and said, “ Now, listen to me, son-in-law | Sésaxflas! You have come to me so that I might be your father-in-law. | Now, these speaking-posts of my house shall go to you, | and this house has a name. It is named Q!aats!é, and || this is the name. Now, your name shall be ‘walas ‘nemodgwis (II 1); and | also the seal house- dish, and the wolf, and the | dzdnoq!wa, and the beaver, and also two slaves, | to take care of your house-dishes, son-in-law! They belong to this | house; and all this goes to you, son-in-law, ‘walas ‘nEMOgwis; and || also ten sea-otter blankets and twenty-five | mar- ten blankets and twenty black-bear | blankets, which will be the blan- kets of your wife, | son-in-law, ‘walas ‘nemogwis (II 1).” Then Hex’- hak'in (I 2) | sent out some of his slaves to hunt || seals at Dag ulk". As soon as they left, | Héx’hak’in (I 2) and ‘walas ‘nemogwis (II 1) also started, | for now he no longer had the name Sésaxflas. They were going | to invite the ‘nénélk’ !énox", for they were living up the river | at the upper end of the lake of Gwané*. They had not been xflasé gwanax ndqék-asas Héx*hak‘iné. Wii, lak-as‘mé g:ayok!wa- lax k'!edé@tk'asas. Wai, lak-asé okwas‘em wiixée Héx‘hak‘inax Sésa- xflaséxen g‘iqag’iwa‘yé qa Okwas*més wiigi lak‘asxés waldemeé. Wai, lak-as'mé qadzélidé Sésaxdlasasés t!ngtiné ‘yatyats!é lak-asEq. Wa, gilk-asé*mésé gwal qadzéraxs lakasaé yaq!eg‘a‘te Uex-ha- k-iné. Wi, lak-asé ‘nék-asa: “Wa, horélak‘ast g’axen, negiimp Sésaxdlas; gaxk‘as‘em g’ax‘aLeEla g’axen qak'asen neEgwayadads. Wii, lak-as‘mések lalg'in yaéq!ent!alag'as LéLam g‘ok" Jak-asoL- xg'ada Légadk'asek’ gOkwa. Hérm Legemk-atsgé Q!aats!e, wi, hék-as'mésé Légemé lak‘astems LégadLes ‘wilas ‘nEmOgwisé; wi, hék‘as'mésa loqilité mégwat; wii, hék-as'mésa Aranemé Lokwasa dzonoq!wa Lokwasa ts!afwé. Wa, hék-as‘mésa ma‘lokwé q!aq!rk-a qak‘as daxsilaxs lorlqtlitaqds, negtimp. Wii, yokwas‘em ‘nami- ‘lilotsos g:Okwak‘asaqos, negiimp ‘walas ‘nemogwis. Wii, hék-as- ‘mésa lastok" q!asasgem ‘nakgnx‘iinatya Lokwasg‘ada sek: lagdlak LéLEgEX"sEm ‘naknx‘tinafya Lokwasg‘ada maltsoktk- L!eni!entseEm ‘napnx‘inafya; wi, hék-astem ‘nagnx‘tinéx’tsg'as genEmk-asg‘és, nEgtimp ‘walas ‘nemogwis.” Wii, lik-as‘mé ‘néx"k'asé Hex hak-iné qak-ats ‘yalaqak-asésés wadkwé q!aq!ek‘o qa lis mamégwat!laxa mégwaté lak‘aséx Dag'ulkwe. Wii, gilk-as‘mésé alex‘widexs lak‘a- saé Ogwaqa Aléxtwide Héx‘hakiné Lrokwasés ‘walasé ‘nEmogwis qak-asexs lak‘as‘maé gwal Légadrs Sésaxdlasé. Wa, lak-as‘me lak-ast Lételalxé ‘nénélk: fenoxwe, yik'asexs haéé gdkiilé ‘nénélg-iisé lak-asex ‘neldziis dzm‘lalas Gwane®. Wi, k:!ésk-ast!é gilaxs g°ax- Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 841 away long, || when ‘walas ‘nemogwis arrived at the village of the ‘nénélk !énox", whose chief was | Manakila. As soon as_ they arrived at Odzalas, | the slaves also came home bringing fifty | seals. Then Héx'hakin (I 2) gave these as a wedding-feast to his son-in-law | ‘walas ‘nmemogwis (II 1), to give them as food to his guests, the ‘nénélk !énox". || Then Héx’hak'in (I 2) gave him as a marriage present the name Kwax ilandkume* (II 1) | as the feast name of ‘walas ‘nEmdgwis, for | ‘walas ‘nemogwis (II 1) was to be his potlatch (inviting) name. Then the fifty | seals were placed jn the four house-dishes, and | they were placed before the ‘nénélk’ !é- nox". When || they had finished, they gave away the ten sea- otter blankets, | twenty-five marten blankets, twenty | black-bear blankets, to their guests. This was the first | time that property was given away with a feast of seals in house-dishes, and this was the first time that the | Gwa‘srla made a potlatch at the time of a feast. || Haha hanané! Therefore I feel like laughing at what | the lower chiefs say when they try to claim higher rank than what I have— | I, who had in the beginning an ancestor who was a chief who gave away property at a feast. Haha hanané! Now, Gaaxstalas (II 3) had a child, | a girl. When the child was four days old, || Héx hakin (I 2) asked his wife k-asaé seyogwa‘yé ‘walas ‘nrmogwisaxa ‘neéenélk:!enoxwéxa gigadiis Ma‘nakila. Wi, gilk-as'mésé g-Ax‘anela lax Odzilasé g'axk-asaasé dgwaqa gax‘alisa q!aq!ek‘owé mélaxa sek !asgemg'ustiwe mé- gwata. Wa, lak‘as‘mé Héx‘hak-iné wawalqilas lak-asxés negtimp ‘walas ‘nEmogwis qa himg‘ililts Jak-asxés Lélplaénatyaxa ‘nenélk: !é- noxwe. Wi, lak-as*mé LégemgElxiala Hex‘hak‘inax Kwax‘ilano- kuma‘yé qa k!wéladzextiyos ‘walasé ‘nemogwisa qak‘asexs Lélela- yoxLiiyaé ‘wilasé ‘nrmogwisa. Wii, lak-as‘mé lex"ts!oyowa sek: !as- gEmgustawé mégwat lak-asxé mewéxia loxrlqtlila. Wii, héx-i- dak-as‘mésé lak‘as k:agemli‘lemxé ‘nénélk'!enoxwé. Wai, giilk-as- ‘mésé gwalrxs lak‘asaé yax‘witsa lastowé q!éq!asasgem ‘nagnx‘ting Lokwasa sék'lagila LéLEgeEX’seEm ‘naEnx‘tiné Lokwasa maltsokwé LieL!entsem ‘nagnx*tiné lak-asxés Lélelakwé. Wa, hék-astem gil yaqwiignlitaxés lox"ts!ewakwé mégwata. Wa, hék‘as*em g-alabentsa Gwa‘sela ‘max‘wid yaqwigelitak-asxés k!welékwée. Haha hanané; xen lag‘ila okwas‘em dédaléqrlas waldemasen g@igabafyaxs lak-asaé wax'k'as g-agéqaq!axg'in gwaléts!é*még-in giqagitwala ‘maxwagiwala k!wélasag‘iwala. Haha hanané; wii, lak-as‘mé xtingwadixidé Gaaxstalasasé ts!a- tsladagpmé. Wa, gilk-as‘mésé mop!enéla ginanemk-asaxs laik‘a- saé Hexhak‘iné axk: !alaxés genrmeé Hekinédzemga qa‘s walqés*i- 10 15 25 30 10 15 25 30 9 Or 40 50 31 35 40 45 50 842 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTE | ETH, ANN. 35 Hékinédzemga (I 3) to give a marriage gift | of ten sea-otter blankets, thirty | marten blankets, and ten black-bear | blankets, and that ‘walas ‘nemdegwis (II 1) | should invite again the ‘nénélk !é- nox" on account of the high rank of ‘maxtilayugwa (III 2). Then || Héx'hak'in (I 2) gave this name as a marriage gift to ‘walas ‘nEmog- wis (II 1) for | the name of his daughter. As soon as he had finished his speech, | Héxhak’in (I 2) told (this to) ‘walas* nrmdgwis | ‘walas ‘nemogwis (II 1) was very glad. | He started at once to invite the ‘nénélk !enox". || He did not stay away long, before he came back, paddling in his canoe, with | his guests, the ‘nénélk’ !énox"; and fwalas ‘nrmogwis (II 1) gave away | ten sea-otter blankets and thirty | marten blankets and ten black-bear blankets | to the enénélk !enox"; and then he told about giving a high rank | to his daughter, who was given two names | —‘maxtlayugwa (III 2), “this name is given by my father-in-law; and | I will give her a name from my side, she shall | be called Giindélemga (III 2).” Thus said ‘walas ‘nrmégwis (II 1). | Therefore I am Nimkish on one side, on account of my ancestor the chief || who had married among the Kwakiutl. Haha hanané! Therefore I am known by all the tribes | all over this world, and only the chief | my ancestor gave away property in a désa lastowé q!asasgemé ‘nakEnx‘tinaf‘ya; LOkwasa yudux"sokwe L@LEGEX"SEM ‘napnx‘ina‘ya; hék-as‘mésé lastoweé L!eni!entsemé ‘napnxftnatya qak‘asés ét!éd vélelax‘idé ‘walasé ‘nemdgwisxé nenélk: !enoxwé qak'as 6*mayds ‘maxtilayugwa. Wi, lak-as‘meé Héx‘hak‘iné Légemg‘rlxialaq laik-asex ‘walase ‘nemogwis qak-as Légems xtindkwas. Wa, gilkas‘mése gwalk-ase waéldemk:asas lak-asaé nélé Héxhak-inax ‘walasé ‘nemogwisa. Wa, lak-ase Ala ék-@ nAqafyas ‘walasé ‘nemogwisa. Wai, héx‘idk-as‘mésé lak-as Aléex'widk-asa Léltsayokwasas ‘walasé ‘nemogwisaxé ‘nénélk !eno- xwe. Wa, klésk-asé gilaxs oaxkasaé aédaaqa sryogwa‘ya Léltsa- yixa ‘nénélk !enoxwé. Wii, lak-ase yaxtwidé ‘walase ‘nemogwitsa lastoweé q!éq!asasgpm ‘naEnx‘tiné® LOo‘kwasa ytdux"sokwé LéLe- gEX"SEmM ‘napnx ines LOkwasa lastowé L!nni!entsem ‘naEnx‘tines lak‘asxa ‘nénélk-!énoxwe. Wa, hék-as‘més la ‘nég-atsés o‘mayo- ewilaé qa maltsemé LéeLegEmsés ts!edaq!edzacyé xtndkwa lak:aspx emaxtilayugwa, ‘yix Légemg'ElxLityasg'in negtimpek:. Wa, lak-as- ‘méseEn Ogwaqak‘ast Léex‘édelts Legema g'igilil gaxen. Lak‘as*em- xaak Légadelts Gtindélemga,”’ ‘nék'asé ‘walas ‘nemodgwise. Wa, hék-as*men lig-itk-asa ‘nemxk !otem qasen g‘éqagiwatyaxs gag‘a- dislilaé lak-asxaaxo Kwag-ulk:ase. Haha hanané; hék‘as‘men Jagitk'asa k'!eis k-!és malt !étk-as laxox Hfwistiixsens ‘nalax. Wa, hék-as‘méséxs léx-ak‘as‘maé gilg 1 Roas | FAMILY HISTORIES 843 great feast, and therefore | they only try to imitate me. They try to imitate the chief, my grandfather, || who is the root of my family. | Haha hanané! And it was not long before ‘walas ‘nmrmégwis | (I 1) had a son. Then Héx'hak‘in (I 2) gave | as a marriage gift four sea-otter blankets, ten | marten blankets, and seven black- bear || blankets, thirty-five mink blankets, | and fifty deer-skin blankets. Then | ‘walas ‘nrmodegwis (II 1) thanked his father-in-law. He also | gave him a name. Now ‘walas ‘nmrmodgwis (II 1) was going to change his name, for | he was already a real chief, therefore Héx' hak in (I 2) wished him || to change his name; and now Héx’ hak‘in (I 2) gave to his | son-in-law as a marriage gift the name Lalélit!adzé (II 1), and a name for | the boy. The name ‘maxilag‘ilis (III 3) was for the | boy. After this was done, ralélin!adzé (IT 1) called | the ‘nénélk !énox". When they all came, the chief, || the root of my family, gave away property to the ancestors of the ‘nénélk !énox®. Therefore none | of the lower chiefs has done as my ancestor did. | Haha hanané! Then ralelit!adzé (II 1), on his part, gave to | his son the name L!alisk'as‘o (III 3); and i lalelin!adzé (II 1) gave him the name | L!alisk'as‘o (III 3) because he wanted his children || to have names from both sides. Therefore he | also gave a name of lax‘iden giqag'iwa‘yé yEx"sEmék‘asExs Lélelaé. Wi, yokwas‘mos odkwas‘Em la hayig'ésokwatsa. Wax'k‘asex la ha‘yig’éxen gvigaa- niyexEn gagasela. Haha hanané; wii, k:!ésk-ase gilaxs lak-asaé ‘walasé ‘nrmogwisé étlédk-as xtngwadex“itsa babagumé. Wi, héxidk‘as*mésé Héx-ha- kine ét!ed walqés‘itsé mowe q !isaseem ‘naEnxtines LOkwasa lastowé L€LEZEX"SEM ‘naEnx‘tnes Lokwasa aLEbowe L!enu!Entsem ‘naEn- x‘tné* Lokwasa mamox"soktilasa sek-!a miatsasgem ‘nawnx‘tine® 16- kwasa sek‘ax'sokwé tétek'!Otsem ‘naenx‘tina‘ye. Wa, lak-as*me molé ‘walas ‘neEmogwisas waldmemasés negiimp. Wa, hék-as‘mésa Légemé qak‘asexs lak-as‘maé L!ayoxLiiLé ‘walasé ‘nemdgwise qak-a- sExs lak-as‘maé flak lala g@igima‘ya, lag itk-asas ‘nék:@ Hex hak‘iné qa Llayoxnityés. Wa, lak‘astmé Héx‘hak-iné Légemg-plxialax La- lélin!adz@ laik-asxés negtiimpé. Wa, hék-as‘mésa Légemé qak-asé babagumé. Wi, lak-as‘mésé Légemé ‘maxtilag‘ilisé qak‘asa baba- gumé. Wai, gilk-as‘mésé gwalexs lak-asaé nilélinladze étled Létn- laxa ‘nénélk-!enoxwé. Wa, gixk-as‘emxaé ‘wi'la plekwa g’alisa ‘nénélk !énoxwé lak‘asxen g‘igaand‘yé, k-ledsgitk-asas ‘nemax‘i- salés Lokwasen g'iqag‘iwa‘yé lak-asxEn gtigabacyex. Haha hanané; wi, lak-as‘mésé alelit!adzé dgwaqa lak-atsé Lé- 55 60 65 70 65 70 gemé lakasxés xtindkwé Lialisk‘as'O. Wi, lik'as‘mé Léx‘édes’ Lialisk-as‘6 lak‘aseq qak‘asexs ‘nék‘aé Lalelin!adzé qa gwatrlak-as- ‘mésé ‘nemx‘‘idés LéLEgEmk'asé LOkwasés gig’adi‘lilase; lag-itk-a- 75 77 80 85 90 95 76 80 (02) or 90 95 844 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ ETH. ANN. 35 his own to his children. Therefore | I am the only one who has many names, because the chief, | the root of my family, married in different tribes. | Haha hanané! Now he gave away the four sea-otter || blankets, ten marten blankets, | seven black-bear blankets, thirty-five | mink blankets, and fifty deer-skin | blankets to the ‘nénélk !énox". As soon as he had finished | his potlatch, he told the ‘nénélk’ !énox® that he, || ‘walas ‘nemogwis (II 1), had changed his name. “You will call me walelin!adzé (If 1). | Now you will call my prince ‘maxtilag’ ils (IIT 3), | that will be his name from his mother’s side; | and his name will be w!alisk'as‘o (III 3) from his father’s side.” Thus said | Lalelin!adzé (II 1) to his guests. || Haha hanané! Therefore I am full of names and of privileges. | And therefore I have many chiefs as ancestors | all over the world; and therefore I feel like laughing at what is said by | the lower chiefs, when they claim to belong to the chief, my ancestor. | Haha hanané! Now, ralelin!adzé (II 1) had four daughters || and two sons. The | eldest girl was called ‘maxtlayugwa (III 2) | on her mother’s side, and Gtindélemga (III 2) on her | father’s side. The second one was a boy, who was called ‘maxtilag’ilis (III 3) | on sas Ogwaqa Léx°édrsés hnsaq Legem lakasxés sdsemé. Wa, hék-as- ‘mésen lagila léx‘ak'as‘em LéLegemts!A LO& gag-adi‘lilasasen gigaanityé. ; Haha hanané; wi, lak-as‘*mé yax‘widayokwase mowé q!asasgEm ‘narnx‘une® Lokwasa lastowé LéLEgEX"sEM ‘naEnx‘tinéS Lokwasa iLEbowe L!enu!/entsem ‘namnxtineé® Lokwasa mamox"sokiilasa sEk'!a matsasgeEm ‘naEnx‘tné’ LOokwasa sek'!ax'sokweé tétek:!o- tspm ‘naEnx‘iiné® lak-asxé ‘nénélk !énoxwe. Wai, g'ilk-as‘mésé gwal kas yaqwaxs lak-asaé nélaxa ‘nénélk !@noxwaxs lak: as'maé L!iyoxLit fwalase ‘nmemodgwisé. ‘‘ Wi, lakas‘emxaas LéqkElak‘asLEs Laleli- Lladzé @axen. Wa, lak-as_ks Léqrlates ‘maxtlag‘ilisé lak-asxen LEweElgima‘yex gwék:!ot!mndalé Légemé laxeés abask:!ote. Wa, lak-ase Légadk-ats Llalisk‘as‘o lak-asg‘in Ask !oték-,” ‘nék-asé aleli- Lladzixés Léte‘lakwe. Haha hanané; hék-as‘men ligitk-asa LéLegemts!4wé, k-!ék-!rs- ‘ots!4. Wa, hék-as*men lag‘itk-asas q!énemk‘asen g‘igiqag‘iwa‘yé laxOx Swifstiixsens ‘nalax, Okwas‘meg‘in dédaléqrlas wildemasen gigabatyaxs lak-asaé gou!alaxen giqagiwa‘ye. Haha hanané; wa, Tak asé ole ts!édaq!edza‘yé sasrms Laléli- Liladzée. Wai, lak: asé ma‘lokwa bébrk!tidzatyé saspms. Hék-as- ‘emxat! ‘nolast!pgEma‘ya ts!edaqé ‘maxtilayugwa lak-as Légadks lak'asxés fibask'!oté. Wi, lak-asé Légadk-ats Gindélemga lak-asxés ask: !ote. Wa, hék-as*més makilaqé begwanmmé LégadEs ‘maxiila- gilisé lak-asxés abask!ote. Wa, lak-asé Légadk-ats L!alisk'as‘o Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 845 his mother’s side, and i !alisk’as*o (III 3) || on his father’s side; and 200 the next girl’s name was ‘max"mewidzemega (III 4) | on her mother’s side, and L!ax'L!elédzemga (III 4) on | her father’s side. And when he had another daughter, | her name was Laqtlayugwa (IIT 5) on her mother’s side, | and Llalitélayugwa (III 5) on her father’s side. And when they had another ||son, his name was ‘maxtiyalidzé 5 (III 6) | on his mother’s side, and mild cake (III 6) on his | father’s side. Then they had another daughter; and | her name was Lax'lkewédzpemga (IIT 7) on her mother’s side, and | 1 !alx !alnlésila- yugwa (III 7) (on her father’s side.) Six were the children of Lalé- lin!adzé (II 1) || by his wife Gaaxtstalas (II 3), the princess of Héx’- 10 hak‘in (I 2). | Therefore I have many different names. | Haha hanané! Now I shall tell my house history from the Kwakiutl. | It is known by all the world that Lalélit!adzé (II 1) was really | a great chief, and that he had || children. Now the chief of 15 the numaym | Loyalalatwa of the Kwakiutl, 1!aqwag ilagemé‘ (III 8), | asked to marry ‘maxtilayugwa (III 2), -the princess of Lalélit !adzé. | Now ‘maxtilayugwa was married to 1 !aqwag ilagemé* (III 8); | and first he gave as a marriage gift one hundred and fifty cedar-bark blankets, || fifty-four dressed elk-skins, and two | canoes 20 to Lalélin!adzé (II 1); and Heéx'hak‘in (I 2) Peekinad as a marriage lak‘asxés Ask’ !ote. Wiis, lak-asé ts!mdiqa Légadiis ‘max"mEwidzEm- 200 ga laxés abask:!ote. Wa, lakasé Légats Lax" ‘Lirlédzemga lak-as- xés ask'!oté. Wi, lakasé ét!éd xtingwadex“idkatsé ts!edaqé. Wa, lakasé régades Laqtlayugwa Tak: asxés abask'!ote; wii, lak-asé Légats Lialitétayugwa lak'asxés Ask: !ote. Wiis, lak-ase ét!éd xtingwadk‘atsé begwanemé. Wa, lak‘asé Légades ‘maxtiyalidzé 5 lak-asxés bask !oté; wi, laik-asé Légats Lleldzalisé laik-asxés Ask: !ote. Wai, jakeass étléd xiingwadk‘atsé ts!edaqé. Wa, lak-asé Léegadrs Lax"legwédzemga lak-asxés ibask'!ote. Wa, lak-asé Légats Lialtlatelésilayugwa. Wa, q!ev!okwox sasemk-asaxs - valélit!adzé Jak-asxés gEenEmé Gaaxstalasé, yik'aseéx k-!édélas Héx‘hak-iné. 10 Wi, yokwas‘men ogti‘qata LéeLegemk’asox. Haha hanané; wi, lak-as‘mésen newil‘idkatsen lagilk-asa Kwa- gula. Wai, lak‘as‘mé q!aten giqagiwatyé alélit!adzixs alak:!alae lak‘as gigima‘ya; yikatsox a‘wistéxsens ‘nalax. Wi, hék-as‘mé- séxs sisemnokwaasa ts!édaqé. Wa, lak-asa gigima‘yasa ‘ne‘mé- 15 modtasa Loyalata‘wisa Kwag-ulé, yik‘asex L!aqwag‘ilagema‘yé lak-as g'iydlax ‘maxtilayugwa, yikasex k:!édétas Lalélin!adzé. Wa, lak'as tawadEx:‘idé ‘maxtilayugwiis Llaqwagilagema‘yé. Wa, hék-as'em gil qadzérasa k!Obawasé sek: !ax'sogtig’eyowa Lokwasa q!aq!aL!ex'sdkilak-atsa mowe dlag'ima; wi, hék-as‘mésé malts!aqé 2 gig ala lakasex Laleélin!adzé. Wa, hék-as‘mé qadzétem lak-asex SS f=) 22 On ae 30 35 40 25 30 Qw or 40 846 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL LETH, ANN. 35 gift | for his grand daughter (III 2) fifty cedar-bark blankets and | fifty elk-skins; and walélin!adzé (II 1), and_ his | father-in-law Héx'hak’in (I 2), added eight sea-otter blankets, || fifty mink blan- kets, and seventy | deer-skin blankets, which were given by ualélit !- adzé (II 1) to | Llaqwagilageme® (III 8). Then he gave back everything | that was given as marriage price by 1 !aqwag’ilagemé® (IIE 8). And then | valélin!adzé (I 1) also gave as marriage present the name ‘walas ‘nkmogwis to be the name of Llaqwag‘i- lagemé: (III 8); || and Héxhakin (I 2) also gave as a marriage gift ten | sea-otter blankets, one hundred deer-skin | blankets, fifty marten blankets, and | ten bear blankets, and the name | G’ayds- dédzas (III 8), which was to be the name of L!aqwag'ilagemé (IIT 8). Now, || L!aqwag'ilagemé* (IIT 8) no longer bore that name that he had been using before. They | gave him as a marriage gift the name Gayosdédzas (III 8), which “he obtained | from the g amid fither (I 2) of his wife ‘maxtilayugy ya (IIT 2); and | valelin!adzeé (II 1) had given as a marriage gift the name ‘walas ‘nemdgwis | to Lliqwag ilageEmé®. Now, after this I shall call him Gayosdédzas (II1 8). || As soon as they had finished, the ancestors of the | numaym Loyalala‘wa went aboard their four canoes, also ‘maxtilayugwa (III 2) and her marriage gifts, and they went back to | their home at Qalogwis. Hex hak‘iné qak-asés ts!0x"Lemagasa sek’ !ax‘sokwé k:!obawas Lokwa- sa sek‘ !ax‘sokwe alagima. Wi, okwas'mésée ralélin!adzé LOkwasé negtimp Héx-hak-iné ginwak-atse malginale q !asasgemé ‘naEnx*tines Lokwasa sEk*!ax‘sokweé matsasgem ‘naEnx‘tine* Lokwasa iLEbOX"so- kwé tétek lotsem ‘narnx‘tineS layas valélin!adzé lak‘asex L!aqwa- @ilagema‘yée. Wa, lakas‘emxaé okwas‘em ‘wi'la aédaaqak-asa qadzeLemk-asas L!aqwagilagemé. Wa, lak‘as‘emxaé Légemg‘ilxra- fyas walélin!adzix Swalasé ‘neEmogwisa, qa Légem L!aqwag‘ilagr- mafyée. Wa, lak-ase Hex: hak-ine dgwaqa wawalqiilasa lastowé q!éq!asasgem ‘naEnx‘uné® Lokwasa lak-!mndé tétwk:!otsem ‘naEn- xftiné: Lokwasa sek: !ax‘sok" LELEgEX"sEM ‘naEnxune® LOkwasa lastowé Llpnt!entseEm ‘nagnx‘tiné’. Wa, hék-as'mésa Légemé Gayosdedzasé qak'as Legems L!aqwagilagema‘yé; wa, lak-as*mé gwalk-as Légadk-asé 1! aqwag" ilagema‘yasés Légemk-asdé, qak-asExs lak-as*maé LégemgElxia‘tyé G: ayosdédzasé lak‘asexs g‘ayanremk:ats lak‘asex gagEmpasés gEnEmé ‘maxtlayugwa. Wii, ibe Légem- orlxialakase Lalélit!adzix ‘walasé ‘nemodgwise lakasex L!aqwa- wilagpmafyé. Wis, lak-as'mésen Léeqblak‘asLEs G'aydsdédzasé lak-a- seq. Wa, gilk-as*mésé gwalk-asa qadzéniixs lak‘asaé hogiixséda gala ‘ne‘mémotkatsa Loyalalatwa lakasxés mots!aqé ‘yaé‘yats!é Lokwasé ‘maxtilayugwa Lokwaséda wawalqilayo qak-ats lak-asé BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 847 And then ‘walas ‘nemoéegwis (III 8) gave away | what he had received 44 as a marriage gift from Lalélit!adzeé (II 1). | Now, walélin!adzé (II 1) knew that there was a tribe living at 45 Sagumbala— | a tribe that was named Nak !wax’da‘x"—who had for their chief, Ts!mxéd (II 4);| and he had a princess, Ts!pxts!E- gédzemega (ITI 9); and ralélit!adzé (II 1) | wished to go to get her in marriage for his prince ‘maxtilag’ilis (III 3). | Then 1alélin !adzé (II 1) hired his numaym, || the ancestors of the G'éxsmem of the 50 Nimkish; and my ancestor, the chief, | Lalélit!adzé (IT 1), loaded his canoe with five sea-otter blankets, ten | black-bear blankets, forty marten | blankets, eighty deer-skin blankets; | and, when they were all aboard, he started. Then || he arrived at Sagumbala, and at 55 once he was | invited by Chief Ts!nx‘éd (II 4). They ate seal; | and after they had eaten seal, | Ts!»x‘éd questioned his visitor, and said, “Now, tell me, | where do you come from? Who are you, brother?” And || ralélix !adzé (II 1) replied at once, andsaid,“T am | Lalélit!a- 60 dzé (II 1), who marries all around our world, brother.” | And then Lalélit !adzé (II 1) questioned Ts!px‘éd (Il 4); and he | said, “ Now, let me also ask you, O brother! | who are you, brother?”’ And Ts !exéd (II 4) || replied, and said, “It is great what you ask me, | 65 nifnak" lak-asxés gdktilasé Qalogwisé. Wa, lak-as‘mé ‘max‘wid- 43 k-asé ‘walasé ‘nemogwisas wawalqilayos Lalélir!adziq. Wa, lak-asé nalélinladzé q!alaxa g oktlé lélqwalave® lak-aspx 45 Sagumbalaxa Ingiixniilax Nak!wax‘da‘xwéxa gigadis Ts!ex‘eéde. Wai, lak-asé k-!@dadrs Ts!exts!ngédzpmga. Wa, lak-as‘mésé Laléli- tladzé ‘nex'k-as qa‘s lé gagak-!aq qak-asés LEwElgema‘yé ‘maxila- eilisé. Wi, lak‘astmé hélak-asé valélit!adzixés gdktlotéexa gal ‘nEsmémotsa G-éxspEmasa ‘nEmgése. Wa, lak'as'mEn giqag‘iwa‘tyé 50 Lalélin!adzé moxsak‘atsa sek'!a q!asasgemé ‘narnx‘iné? Lokwasa lastowé L!eni!entsem ‘naEnx‘iné® LOkwasa modx"sokwe LeLEgEX"- skm ‘naEnx‘tiné® hék-as‘mésa malgiinaltsokwé tétek:!otsem ‘narn- x‘tine®*. Wa, gilk-as'mésé ‘wilxsaxs lak-asaé Lex‘ida. Wii, lak-a- sé lag‘aa lak-asex Sagumbala. Wi, héx-‘idk-as‘mése xaleé‘lilaso- 55 kwatsa gigimafyée Ts!mx‘édé. Wa, lak-astmée L!exwaxé mégwate. Wi, gilk-astmésé gwalk'as q!rsaxé mégwataxs lak‘asaé wtiLe Ts!px‘édiixés bagiinse. Wa, lak'asé ‘nék-a: ‘Wa, wig'ik‘asla gwas- ‘idex. Wa, sokwas‘maa Sngwas ‘neEmwryot?’ Wi, héx-‘idk-as- ‘mésé Lalélit!adzé na‘naxmék‘aseq. Wai, lak-asé ‘nék-a: ‘“Nogwak-as 60 Lalélin!adzi gag-adi‘lila laxOx &‘wi‘stixsens ‘nalax, ‘nEMweEyot.” Wi, lak-asé dgwaqa wire xalélinladzix Ts!rxsédé. Wa, lak-as- ‘emxaé ‘nék'a: ‘Wi, wég-ax‘in dgwaqa wiLol, ‘neEmweyot. Wi, sokwastmaa Angwas, ‘nEmwnyot?’’ Wa, héx‘idk-as‘mésé T's!nx‘édé na‘nax'mék-aseq. Wi, lak‘asé ‘néka. ‘‘Alak-as‘mas witiLa g’axEn. 65 66 ~J o 66 70 80 845 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL LETH. ANN. 35 Don’t you know that I think I am the only | one famous in the world, Tand my | princess, Ts!pxts!rgédzemga (III 9)? Iam Ts!ex‘éd (II 4), head | chief of the Nak!wax'da‘x".” Thus said the chief. Then | Lalélin!adzé (Il 1) said, “O brother! 1 am || Yaqatenlis, I am Anx‘wid, I am Sésaxalas, | and also Séwid; I am ‘walas ‘nemodgwis, and T | am Kwax’ilandkumé, and I am ralélin!adzé. | These are my names which I obtained as marriage gifts | when I married the daughters of the chiefs of the tribes wherever I || went. Now I come to get your name, chief. | I wish to get your princess, Ts!pxts!n- gédzemga (III 9), brother, | for my prince ‘maxtilag‘ilis (III 3).” | Ts !mx*éd (II 4) at once agreed to what valélit!adzeé (II 1) said; | and Lalélin!adzé (Il 1) gave as marriage gift five sea-otter || blankets, ten black-bear skin blankets, | forty marten blankets, and eighty | deer-skin blankets to Ts!mxed (II 4) for his princess Ts!mxts!r- gvédzemga (III 9). | As soon as he had finished, Ts !=x‘éd (IT 4) said, | “Now your wife shall go to you, son-in-law, ‘maxiiag‘ilis (IIT 3). || Now your name shall be Xosmmdaas (IIT 3), and my | great dance shall go to you. You shall be cannibal-dancer, and your name shall be | ‘nax"danadzé; and the rich-woman dance shall go to you, and her name shall be | Gilgemaxés; and the fire dance, and his | name shall be K' !ilxrla; and the attendant of the cannibal-dancer, his || K-lésk-asas q!alaxg‘in léx’ax'st!aax"*még‘in ts!élwalag‘ilis Lokwasen « ledetk-asox Ts!pxts!peédzemgax. Wai, ndgwak‘as Ts!ex*éda Laxu- mésen gdkitlota Nak!wax‘da‘xwé,” ‘nék‘asa gigima‘tyé. Wa, héx-- idk-as‘mésé@ valélin!adzé ‘néka: “‘yak‘asOL ‘nEmweryot; ndgwa- k‘astem Yaqatenlisa, nogwak‘as‘em Anx‘wida, nogwak-as*rm Sésax4- lasa LOokwase Séwidée. Nogwak-as‘rm ‘walas ‘nemogwisa; wii, no- ewak'astem Kwax‘ilandkuma‘ya. Wi, nogwakas‘Em Lalélit!adza. Wi, yokwas'men LéLegemk‘asox. Wa, yokwas‘rEm LéLEgEmg’ElxLé- sen gag‘adi‘lilasé lak‘asxox gigigimik-asaxsa lélqwilara‘yin lali- lask‘asa. Wi, g‘ixkas'mésen lalot!axs Légemaqos, gigimé®. Lak-as‘mégin gagak‘laxs k:!édélaqis, ‘nEmweyot lak-asxox Ts!Ex- ts!ngedzemgax, qak‘asg‘in LewElgrmék: yik-asg’a ‘maxtilagilisek’.”’ Wa, héx) co i | 1036 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 Now for a while we shall stop calling him Q!timx'od (III 1), because | he is using the nontem name L !alewelsela (IIT 1). || After the nonltem was over, Q!timx’ dd (III 1) for a time stopped having the name Llalmwelsela (III 1); | for only when one of his people showed the nonlem was he called L !atewelsrla (III 1), | in the same way as is done in the winter dance; for they change their | names when the winter dance begins, and they do the same with the nodntem. | Then they change their names, and take the nontem names; and || the names of the men who gave the nontem were 1 !almwelsela, Q !éxé- taso®, | Gwityolrlas, and Neg’ i, because, that you may know that the names | of the winter dance, of the ndntem, and of the secular season are quite different. I just wanted | to talk about this. | Now, in the morning, daylight came; and Q!imx'od (III 1), and his || wife T!agwisilayugwa (III 8), and the Nak!wax'da‘x", made ready to go home. | When they arrived at Tégtixsté in the evening, | Qitimx’dd (IIT 1) asked his wife Tlagwisilayugwa (III 8) for | what he was thinking of. He wished his princess | Qwax‘ilat (IV 3) and his prince Létrlgemlilas (IV 4) to disappear, because || he wanted to give a nontem; and his wife T!agwisilayugwa (III 8) told him to go ahead. | After they had finished talking, they left their canoe | and went into the house of Q!timx'dd (III 1). Immediately | his head wife, Wawalaxelag’iflak® (III 6), gave to eat to her husband Wai, la‘mens yawas‘id gwal Léqelas Q!imx‘ddé laq, qaxs lm‘maé nontemxtiilax Llalewelsela. Wa, lazm gwala nontem laixéq. Wai, lapmxaawisé gwal yawastid Légadé Q!imx-ddis L!alewelsela, qaxs eilmaé nontemré g'ayolé lax gdkiilotas. Wa, la Léqrlasos 1 !aln- welsEla hé gwéx’sa tsléts!éqiixs héx-‘ida‘maé L!ayoxLixés LELEgE- maxs glad tsléts!@x‘eda. Wii, hégmxaawisé gweg ilag‘ila nonlemé, héx“ida‘maé LliyoxLixés nonlemxLiiyowe LéLEgEma, yixs hé‘maé LéLEgemsa yiwix‘ilasa ndnteme L!atewelsela, LO Q'exétasEé we, LOé iwaydlelas, Lo° Negi, qa’s q!aladsagéxs k-lésaé Lawagilé LéLEgE- masa tsléts!éqa Lefwa nontemé Lefwa baxitsé. A‘men ‘néx’ qen gwagwex'sEx “ide laq. Wii, larm‘laé ‘nax“idxa gaalixs laa] xwanalidé Q!timx-ddé Lu‘wis grnEmé Tlagwisilayugwa LESwa Nak!wax'da‘xwe, qa‘s g-axé né‘na- kwa. Wi, g'ax‘laé lag‘aa lax Tégtixsta‘yaxa la dzaiqwa. ” Wa, héx“‘i- darm‘lawise Qlimx'ddé xk !alaxés genrmé Tlagwisilayugwa qa ewiilaasasés naqa‘yé, ‘yixs ‘nekaé qa héx*‘idag'a‘més xisidé k- !é- délasé Qwaxilalé Le‘wis Lawilgima‘ye Lélelgemlilase, qaxs le‘maé ‘nex’ qa’snonteme. Wai, la‘laé Arm wixé genEmasé T!agwisilay ugwa. Wi, gilfem‘lawise gwalé waldemasexs laa‘] hox‘wtlta laxes ya‘ya- tslé, que s li hogwin lax g'dkwas Q!timx‘ddé. Wa, héx‘idarm‘lawisé erk‘imalilase Waw alaxelag i ilakwé L!exwila qaés la‘winrmeé Q!tim- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1037 Q!timx’ 6d (III 1) | and to his new wife T!agwisilayugwa (IIT 8); and as soon as || they had eaten, Q!imx'dd (IIT 1) told Wawalaxrlag'i- 40 ‘lak (III 6) his | wish that the supernatural power of the nonlzm should come into his house, and that | their two children, Qwax ilal (IV 3) and her brother Létrlgemlilas (1V 4), | and also two of his nephews, should disappear. | Wawalaxelag’ i‘lak® (III 6) told him to go ahead, and || Q!timx'od (III 1) called his numaym, the ‘walas, to come into | his house; and when they were in, Q!timx'dd (IIT 1) spoke, | and said, ‘This is why I called you, numaym | ‘walas, that the supernatural power of the nonlmm should come, and that | Qwaxilat (V 3) and 4Lélelgemlilas (IV 4), and my nephew K: !ésoyak ilis || (IV 10) here, should disappear, and also his younger 5 brother Hiamdzid (IV 11). Fourwere | named by him. When he stopped speaking, the numaym told him to go ahead. | Then the supernatural power of the nontrm sounded on the | roof of the house; and the four disappeared, | and they did what they had seen done by the Koskimo. Then || he gave away the ten sea-otter skins to the Nak!wax'da‘x", and his | four dancers used the nonitkm names. When he had done, | Qwax ila (II 9) gave as a marriage gift many seals, and then Q!timx’od (III 1) | put them into the four house- dishes for the Nak!wax'datxt. Then | he changed the name of Qwaxilal (IV 3), and her name was Doxiilkwi‘‘lak*® ([V 3); and || is on o i=) 55 x'0dé LEfwis a‘lité genrmé Tlagwisilayugwa. Wi, gil’rm‘liwisé gwal Llmxwaxs laa‘laé Ql!imxddé nélax Wawalaxelag“i‘lakwasés 40 ‘nékl!éna‘yé, qa‘s gAxéLasaés g'Okwas ‘nawilakwasa nonlemé, qa x istidésés ma‘lokwé sisema yix Qwax‘ilalé Lewis wtiq !wé Lételeem- lilasé. Wa, hé‘mis ma‘lox"za g'ayot lax Loraléfyas. Wi, Amise héx‘idam‘el wixasds Wawalaxelagi‘lakwe. Wa, héx‘idamm‘liwiseé Q!timx‘ddé Lélts!odxés ‘ne‘mémota ‘walasé, qa g-axés ‘witlaéiela lax 45 gokwas. Wa, g'ilfem‘laiwisé g-ax ‘witlaétexs laa‘l yaq !ne-a‘lé Q!tim- x'odée. Wi, la‘laé nék'a: ‘Héden wé‘latiloL, ‘ne‘mémot, you ‘walas, qa wég’és g’axéLa ‘nawilakwasa nonlemé, qa x‘is‘édég'a Qwaxilalek’ Logwa Lélelenmlilasek’ Logwa Lolégintég’a K: !ésoya- kilisek. Wi, hétmisé ts!ifyasé Himdzidé.”’ Wa, mokwé 1éx%é- 50 tsEewa. Wi, gilfmm‘lawise q!welfidpxs laa‘l 4mm ‘nax" wiixé ‘nE‘mémotas, qa wiig'is. Wa, héx‘idamm‘lawisé hék:!ng-a‘te ogwi- sasa g'Okwe, yix ‘nawalakwasa nontemeé. Wii, la‘mé x‘istidéda mokwe. Wa, a‘mésé naqrmgilthwex gweégilasasa Gose'imoxwe. Wi, lazm p!es‘itsa lastowé q !asa lixa Nak!wax'da‘xwé. Wi, larm‘laé Léx‘édes 55 nénonigmxtiiyasa mokwé sésenats. Wii, gil'mésé ewalxs laa‘l wa- walqilé Qwax-ilisa q !enEmé mégwata. Wii, larm‘lae Q!iimx'ddé Inx"- ts!ots laxa meweéxta lorlqtilila qaxaéda Nak!wax'da‘xwe. Wii, hé*mis la LlayoLaats Qwax‘ilalé. Wis, larm Légadrs Doxtilkwi‘lakwe. Wai, 1088 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETE ANN. 35 60 Q!timx’dd (III 1) changed his own name, and his name was Watalag’i- ‘lak¥ (III 1). | Now we shall stop calling him Q!tmx‘éd (III 1), for his name was now | Walalagitlak® (III 1). T!agwisilayugwa (III 8) had no children, | for she did not remain long haying Walala- @iflak" (III 1) for her husband. Then she went home. | 65 Evidently on account of this Walalag’iflak® (III 1) felt badly, || because his wife had gone home. He became ill; | and he had not been ill a long time before he died. Immediately | Létrlgrmlilas (IV 4), the son of Waldlag’i‘lak", | took the seat of his father, and he gave away property to the Nak!waxdatx". | He took the name Q!tmx’'dd (IV 4) for his name, because his mind was sick on account 70 of || what Qwaxila (II 9) had done when he took away quickly his princess T lagwisilayugwa (III 8). |-He thought they had killed his father. Therefore | the Nak!wax'da®x" did not want the marriage names that | Qwax'ila (II 9) had given to the late Q!iimx’ 6d (III 1) to be used. Only | the four house-dishes and the nontmm were kept 75 by the Nak!wax’da‘x". || And now they scattered among the Na- k!wax'da‘x", and the | relatives of Q!timx'dd (III 1) now all use the nonitem. Now, | the numaym ‘walas wished Q!timx'od (IV 4) to marry, and to forget | his grief on account of the death of his father. They | wanted Q!imx'dd (IV 4) to marry Omaélislak" (IV 7), the 80 princess of the chief of the || numaym Kweéekwaénox", Lek pmaxod 60 lakmxaawisé L!ayoxLié Q!timx‘ddé. Wi, lanm Légadms Walalag‘i‘la- kwé. Wii, la‘mens gwat Léqrlas Q!imx‘odé laq, qaxs In‘maé Léegades Walilagi‘lakwe. Wis, laem‘laé héwiixa xiingwadrexidé T !agwisila- yugwa, qaxs k:!ésaé gia laswades Walalagi‘lakwaxs laa‘! niisnakwa. Wi, héx-st!aak““em‘lawis la ‘yikogtilidzems niqa‘tyas Waldlag‘i- 65 ‘lakwé qués genEmaxs laé né‘nakwa. Wa, la‘mé yawas‘id qulxwa- lita. Wa, k-lés‘lat!a gaél qrlgwitexs laa‘l wik:!ex‘éda. Wii, héx~‘i- dafmésé Lételgemlilasé, yix begwanrmé xtinox'des Walalagi‘lax'dé Lax"stodxés ompde. Wi, lazkm p!ss‘idxa Nak!waxda‘xwe. Wai, hét!a Axétsdse Q!timx'ddé qa‘s Légrma, qaxs ts!ix‘ilaés naqa‘yé qa 70 gwéx“idaasas Qwax‘iliixs laé gryol wataxodxés k !edéle T!agwisila- yugwa. Wi, hémis k-odét g-a‘tyalatsés Ompdé. Wa, hé‘mis 1a- gifasa Nak !wax'da®xwé ‘néx: ga A‘més ‘wi'la k!ey4x*widé LéLegem- g-rblxiafyasa gigima‘ye Qwax‘ila lax Q!imx‘ddex'de. Wa, lex‘a- ‘més axélax'sa Nak!wax'da‘xwa mowéxta loelqtilita Le‘wa nonte- 75 mexa la gwelfid laxa Nak!wax'da*xwée, qaxs laé “naxwarm la ixno- gwadé LéLeLalis Q!iimx'ddexdisa nonlmmée. Wa, la‘mésé ‘nek'é ‘nE‘mémotasa ‘walasé, qa gEeadés Q!tmxddé, qa‘s layingema- yoqgéxs flaé qlik-ax gwéx‘‘idaasasés Ompdé. Wa, hét!a gwe‘yds qa grnEms Qlimx'ddée Omaéti‘lakwé, yix k:!édétas gigimatyasa 80 ‘nr‘mémotasa Kwékwaénoxwée lax Lek'nmaxodé, yixs lak: !alae BOAS | FAMILY HISTORIES 1039 (III 9), for he was the | head chief of the Gwawaénox". Then | 81 Qtiimx'dd (IV 4) and his mother Wawalaxelag’ i‘lak® (III 6), and her | daughter Qwax ilat (IV 3) —for they did not let her be named | Doxiilkwiflak® (IV 3) — were told by his numaym ‘walas to || go 85 ahead and do quickly what they were wishing. ‘Then he was given property by all | the Nak!wax'da‘x", for there were five numaym in all. | Each gave one pair of blankets to the | chief Q!timx'od (IV 4), every man of the numayms, | as though he would wipe off his tears with the pair of blankets, because he was still crying || for his past 90 father. After they had finished giving blankets, the | five numayms of the Nak!wax' da‘x" got ready | to pay the marriage money for the princess of Lek’ Emaxod (III 9), who was living in the village of the Gwawaénox" | at Hégems. When they arrived at Hégrms, | they paid the marriage money at once, while the Nak !wax' dafx" remained sitting ||/in their canoes. They had twenty-two large traveling- 95 canoes. | After they had paid the marriage money, Lek mmaxod (III 9) | and his younger brother Penqitilas (III 10) came, holding in each hand slaves, | each holding two by their hands as they came and stood outside of the | house; and with them came their princess Omaétiflak® (IV 7), with || two female slaves. Omaétiflak® (IV 7) stood 800 between her father, | Lek’ rmaxod (III 9) and her uncle Prnqtlas xamagEmé gigima‘tyé Lek'emaxddisa Gwawaénoxwé. Wi, demsé 81 Qltimx'ddé Letwe Abempé Wawalaxelagi‘lakwé Le‘wis ts!edaqé xtndkwé Qwax‘ilalé, qaxs lm‘maé k-lés la hétq!olem Légadus Do- xtilkwitlakwé. Wa, A‘mésé wiixaxés ‘ne‘mémota ‘walase, qa wi- g-és fem hali‘lilaxés wildemé. Wa, la‘mé p!edzéLaso‘sa ‘naixwa 85 Nak!wax'da‘xwa laxés sek’ !asgemak!tits!éna‘yée laxés ‘nal*ne‘mé- mats!éna‘yé. Wi, lazem p!rdzérasa ‘nal*‘nemxs p!relxrlasgem laxa gigimatyé Q!timx‘ddé Jaxés ‘nalfnemdk!wéna‘yé begwanrma, yixs ‘nemax‘isaé LO® déstotsa ‘nalfneEmxsa p!ElxElasgeEm laqéxs q!wasaé qaés ompdé. Wa, g-ilfmésé gwata p!edzérixs laé héx‘ida‘em xwa- 90 nal‘ida ‘witléda sek’ !asgemak!iisé ‘nal'ne*mématsa Nak!wax'da‘xwe, qa‘s li qadzérax k-!édélas Lek-emaxddixs hié g‘dktilaxa Gwa- waénoxwe Axis Hégremsé. Wai, g‘il’mésé lag'aa lax Hégemsaxs laé héx“‘idarm qidzélida, yixs hé‘maé alés k!tidzexsalétatya Nak!wax'- da‘xwé laxés yaé‘yats!éxa hima‘itsliqdlé 41 awi xwaxwik!iina 95 yaé‘yats!és. Wa, gilf'mésé gwala qadzéLixs gaxaé Lek-Emaixodé LEfwis ts!a¢yé Penqtilasé ‘wifwax'sdlts!andlaxa q !aq!ek-o moéma‘lé- kwés nénexbalts!anésE‘waxs g’ixaé q!waganls lax L!dsand‘yasés g-okwé; wi, hé'misé k:!édélasé Omaéli‘lakwé gax qisemtsdsa ma- ‘lokwé ts!édaq q!aq!ek-4. Wa, la Latexitlsé Omaéli‘lakwaxés dmpé 800 Lek‘eEmax6dé LE‘wis q!tlé‘yé Prnqiilase. Wi, a‘mista la ixsn- 2 5 10 15 10 15 1040 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN..35 (III 10). They | told the six slaves to stand in a row, facing sea- ward; and | when they all had turned seaward, Penqtilas (III 10), the | younger brother of Lek mEmaxod (III 9), spoke, and asked Q!iimx’ dd (IV 4) to || take care, “because our princess (mine and my brother’s) | has a heavy weight. Now, come, son-in-law Q!imx 6d (IV 4), to your wife!” | Thus he said, and stopped speaking. Then Q!timx'dd (IV 4) arose | in his canoe. Prnqtilas (III 10) had told him to stand up | and listen to his words. Then Prnqtilas (IIT 10) asked Omaéli‘lak" (IV 7) || to go to her husband with the six slaves. | Immediately three slaves went, one after another. | Omaétitlak" (IV 7) followed close behind the three | slaves, and three other slaves followed Omaétitlak® (IV 7). | They went down the beach into the canoe of Q!timx' dd (IV 4). || There they sat down, and Q!timx od (IV 4) sat next | to his wife Omaéti‘lak® (IV 7). Then Prnqiilas (III 10) spoke again, | and said, “These six slaves are the marriage mat of our princess, | that the princess of Q!timx’od (IV 4) may not sit on the floor of your | house, son-in-law, when she goes in. Now, this Dzdnoq !wa || house-dish, the wolf house-dish, the grizzly-bear house-dish, and the beaver | house-dish shall go. These are the house-dishes for Omaélitlak"’s (LV 7) food, for all the tribes, | which are given by her father, Chief Lek’emaxdd (IIT 9); and | you shall have this name, son-in-law. Your name shall be Q!omoqa (IV 4), eweda q!eLlakwé q!aq!ek’6, qa denxilsé Llatlasgemala. Wa, gvil- ‘mésé ‘naxwa la LIAL!lasgemataxs laé yaq!eg:atté Prnqtilasé, yix tslatyiis Lek‘emaxode. Wa, la‘mé hayar!olax Q!timxddé qa ya- Llawés, ‘“qaxs gwagtintselinaqés laxg'a k !édélg‘anu’x? Logtin ‘nem- wryotek. Wai, gelag-a, nEgimp, Q!timxdda laxg'as genEmg’6s,”’ neéekexs laé q!welida. Wa, héx‘ida‘mésé Q!iimxodé Lax‘tiexsa laxés yatyats!é. Wa, li xsd qa‘s Lax‘wtixsalé yis Prnqtilase, qa’s horélex waldemas. Wai, la‘mé axk:!alé Penqiilasax Omaéli- ‘lakwe, qa lalagis laxés la‘wtnemé Le‘wa q!evlakwe q!aq!eké. Wa, héx‘fida‘mésé qas‘idéda ytdukwé q!aq!ekowa drnoxtalaxs laé qistida. Wa, li qasidé Omaéli‘lakwé nexwaxtaxa yadukwe qlaq!nk‘owa. Wa, la elxia‘ya yadukwe q!aq!ek‘dx Omaéli‘lakwaxs laé hoqtints!éspla, qa‘s li hox‘watexs lax ya‘yats!as Q!timx-ode, qa‘s k!is*atexsé lag. Wa, gilfmésé la k!wak!tig-atexse Q!iimx-odé LESwis gEnEmé Omaéli‘lakwaxs laé édzaqwa yaq!Eg‘a‘lé Penqiilase. Wa, li ‘néka: “Yirm léwaxsésa k-!édélaqenuxwa q!EL!akwex q!aq!ek’a, aLox wiiltalitLox k:-!édélaxsg'a Lek'eEmaxodek: laxés g’Okwaods, nEgtimp, qaxd laéLto. Wi, la‘mések: lalg-a dzonoq!wak: 20 toqiilila, LeSwa aLanemé loqtlit Lecwa nané loqtlit, Le‘wa ts!awé loqtilita. Hérm hatmaats!ésd Omaéli‘lakwé qag’a ‘naxwag'a léelqwa- latafya laxg’as gigimék ompég'a Lekemaxodek. Wi, hé‘misa Legemé qa‘s LégEemos, negtimp, larms Légadrlts Q!omoqi. Wa, Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1041 and | Qwaxilal (IV 3) shall be Ts!mendrgEme’itlak® (IV 3), and also this || house of my chief, which has a name. Now you shall have 25 the | house Wiwax¥srm. The ends of the beams are wolves, | and the four posts are wolves, and | your dance shall be the great dance from above, son-in-law; and in the winter dance your name shall be Gilgemalis (IV 4). | Thus he said. ‘That is all, son-in-law. Now, come || warm yourself in the house of Lek rmaxdd (III 9), you 30 and your crew, son-in-law!’’ | Thus he said. Then he stopped speaking. Immediately the Nak!wax'datx went ashore | out of their canoes; and when all were in the house, | Q!timx’dd (IV 4) and his wife went ashore and went in. | Then Lek Emaxdd told Q!timx' dd (IV 4) and his wife Omaéliflak® (IV 7) to sit down in the rear of the house. || Q!imx'od (IV 4) and his wife went | right on and sat 35 down. The | six slaves were still sitting in the canoe of | Q!timx'dd (IV 4), watching it. Now Lek rEmaxdd (III 9) gave dried salmon to his son-in-law | and his crew, and as a second course he gave them cinquefoil-roots; || and after he had given them to eat, Lek’ rmaxéd 40 (III 9) spoke, | and said, “ Listen to me, chiefs of the Nak !wax' da‘x"! | I shall ask you to stay bee for four days at Hégrms, | that I may get ready the cargo for Omaéli‘lak" (IV 7).” Thus he said, and stopped speaking. | The Nak!wax'da®x" agreed to what he said. || Then 45 Lek rmaxod (III 9) sent his hunters to go hunting | many seals. la‘mésée Legadré Qwax‘ilalas Ts!rndrgemg‘i‘lakwé. Wa, hé‘misa g-okwe, yixg'a Légadek’ g-Ox"sen go igiméle- Wa, larms lat g-6- Sapaniee a Wiwax"semk: g-okwa enaxwarmk- aLanEmg’a Obiig'asga kek atéwég'a LESwa melange LeLama “naxXwaEm €aLankema. Wa, larms ‘walas*axaax"Lol, negiimp. Héméts Legemnosé G: ilgemalisé laxa ts!éts!eqa,” ‘neke. “Wa, yitmdq, negtimp. Wis, gélag: 2 telts!a laxg-a g’Ox"g-as Lek'emaxddé LE‘wos k!wéemaqis, negitmp,” 30 ‘nékexs laé q!welida. Wai, héx~‘ida‘mésé ‘naxwa la hox‘wiiltaweda Nak!wax'da‘xwé laxés yaé‘yats!é. Wa, gilfmésé ‘witlaétexs laé Q!timx'odé Lefwé genemé hox‘wiilta laxés yatyats!é, qa‘s la ho- gwita. Wa, la‘mé “nek Lek-Emaxodeé, qa lis k!wak!tigoréwalité Qlimx'ddé Lr‘wis gEnEmé Omaéli‘lakwe. Wa, hé‘nakila‘mésé Q!timx'6dé LE‘wis genemé Omaéli‘lakwé, qa‘s li k!ts‘alit laq. Wa, larmyé k!idzexsalarayéda q!eL!okwé q!aq!eko lax ya‘yats!iis Qliimx-ode q!aq!alalaq. Wa, la‘mé yinésé Lek-‘rmaxddixés negtimp Lewis k!wemé yisa xa‘masé. Wi, li hélég-intsa t!ex'sdsé liq. Wa, gilfmésé gwala yinésasr‘waxs laé yaq!rg-a‘lé Lek'mmaxddé. 40 Wa, la ‘neék-a: ‘ Warntsos horela g‘axen g- ig igamés Nak!wax-da‘x". Héden waldemia qa‘s mop!Enxwa‘sésés taplaas yo lox Hégrmséx, qen xwanatelé qa memwalasox Omaéli‘lakwéx,” ‘nék-Exs laé q !wel- ‘ida. Wai, 4'mesé ‘naxwa éx“‘ak-éda Nak!wax'dafxwax watdremas. Wa, la‘*mée Lek-emaxodé ‘yalaqasa hinhini!énoxwé, qa liis mamé- 45 75052—21—35 ErTH—PT 2——17 bo OU 35 1042 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 46 The hunters went out | in the evening in eight canoes. | They stayed away for three days. Then they came back home. | They had one 50 hundred and ten seals in their || eight canoes. The hair of the seals was already singed off, | and they were cut open. Then Lek’ nmaxod (III 9) | gave them as a marriage gift to his son-in-law Q!timx'od (IV 4), and also the feast name | Menlesid (IV 4). “That is all now,” said Lek rmaxdd (III 9) | to Q!timx’dd (IV 4). “Now, get 55 ready to go home, || son-in-law, with your wife.” Thus said Chief Lek’ emaxoéd (III 9). | Then the Nak!wax' datx" got ready in the | evening; and in the morning, when day came, they loaded their | canoes, and put aboard the four house-dishes and the hundred | and 60 ten seals; and the Nak!wax'da®x" went aboard || their canoes, When they were all aboard, | Q!imx'dd (IV 4) and his wife, Omaéli- flak" (LV 7), and the six slaves walked down | the beach and went aboard Q!iimx 6d’s canoe; | and as soon as they had sat down, the Nak !wax’ da‘x" started paddling. | In the evening they arrived at 65 their village. || There they unloaded the four house-dishes and the | hundred and ten seals, and carried them into the house of Q!timx‘dd (IV 4). | As soon as ‘everything was out of the canoe, Q!imx'dd (IV 4) | called his numaym, the ‘walas, into his house | to discuss 46 gwat!ax q ‘enema mégwata. Wa, héx~‘ida‘mésé lax'da*xwéda hanhan- Lienoxwaxa la dziqwaxa ma‘igtinalts!aqas yaetyats!a hanhant!é- noxwe. Wi, yudtx"p!enxwa‘sé ‘naliséxs gaxaé ni‘nakweda hin- hinxi!énoxwé ‘nemx‘sdgiigiyot!a yanemas hig&é mégwata laixés 50 ma‘igiinalts!aq!énatyés yaé‘yats!6 laxés gwalrlaé ts!enkwa mé- ewaté. Wa, laxaé gwalrlarm yimelkwa. Wai, la‘mé Lék-rmaxodé wawalqiilas laxés negimpé Q!timxdde. Wa, hé‘misa menipxia- yo Légema, yix Menlesidaas. ‘‘Wa, larm ‘wi‘la laxeq,”’ ‘nék-é Lek'r- maxodix Q!imxddé. ‘‘Wag'a xwanal‘idex qa‘s lalag-ads ni‘na- kwa, negtimp, LE‘wos genEmaq6s;” ‘nékéda gigimatyé Lek-prma- xodé. Wa, héx-fidatmésé ‘naxwa xwanalkidéda Nak!wax'da‘xwaxa dzaqwa. Wai, gil'mésé ‘nax*‘idxa gaalixs laé “naxwa mdxsaxés yaéyats!é. Wi, gax'ma mewexra loélqtilila Lefwa meEmx'sogi- giyuwe mégwata. Wa, la‘mé ‘naxwa hox‘walexséda Nak!wax’- 60 da‘xwé laxés yaétyats!e. Wa, gil’mésé ‘wilxsaxs g‘axaé Q!im- x'0dé LEfwis gEnEmé Omaélitlakwé Le‘fwa q!EL!okweé q!aq!nk'o ho- qiints!ésala qa‘s lax-da‘xwé hox‘walexs lax ya‘yats!is Q!timx‘ddé. Wa, gil’mésé k!ts‘almxsexs Jaé ‘nemax‘id sex‘widéda Nak!wax’- dafxwé. Wi, la‘mésé dzaqwaxs laé lag-aa laxés g-oktlasé. Wa, 65 héx*ida‘mésé moltoyowéda meEwexta lorlqilila LESwa ‘nemx‘s6- gig iyowé mégwata, qa‘s li mewéLelayo lax gokwas Q!imx-dde. Wa, gilfmésé ‘witlotta lax ya‘yats!is laé héx‘ida‘mée Q!imx-ode Le‘lalaxés ‘nk‘mémota ‘walasé, qa g’axés ‘witlaétela lax g-okwas, ou Or Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1043 what they would do with the seals and when the feast was to be eiven. || When all were inside, Q!timx'dd (IV 4) spoke, and | said, 70 “O numaym ‘walas! I called you to think | about it, when I shall give a feast with these hair-seals.” Thus he said to his | numaym ‘walas. After he had spoken, | one of the men of the numaym said, “Go on! || Just send them to get fire-wood to cook the seals, so that | our tribe the Nak!wax'dafx" may eat.” Then | four young men of the numaym ‘walas were sent out | to get much fire-wood. The four young men | launched the large canoe to get fire-wood, and || started. They went to a place where there was much driftwood; and when they had gone, | Q!imx'od (IV 4) asked the harpooneers of his numaym ‘walas | to cut up ten large seals, to take off the blubber, | and to cut the blubber off spirally, thus: | for he was going to give one of these strips to the chief of each one of the four numayms; that is, of the || other numayms, not the ‘walas; and he had | ten seals cut into short strips, in this way:!| These were to be given to the people of low rank. They give the limbs | to the chiefs next to the head chiefs, for the | head chiefs receive the brisket of the seal. ‘This is done in || lesser seal-feasts. That is not the custom in a great | feast of more than a hundred seals, for generally a qa‘s hawaxilagale qaéda mégwate lax k!wélasdemtiasés. Wa, gilfmésé g'ax ‘wilaétexs lae yaq!eg‘alé Q!timx‘odée. Wi, li mneéek'a: ‘‘Héden xé‘lalelor, ‘nm‘mémot ‘walas, qa‘s aaxsiladsaxs néniqa‘yaqos laxen k!wélasdemiasoxda mégwatéx,’”’ ‘nék-éxés ‘ne‘“mémota ‘walase. Wa, giil‘mése q!welidpxs laé yaq!ng-a- ‘féda ‘nemokwé lax ‘ne‘mémotas. Wa, lai ‘nék-a: ‘‘Wég-a, 4pm ‘yalaqa qa liis anéqax Imqwa, qa L!opésa mégwatex qa Ali- sox q!espns gOktlota Nak!wax-da‘xwéx,” ‘neké. Wa, héx~‘ida- ‘mésé ‘yalageEma mokwe hia‘yal*a g-ayot lax ‘ne‘mémotasa ‘walase, qa las inéqax q!énema Ieqwa. Wi, héx‘ida‘mésa mokwé hi‘yal‘a wi'x'stEndxa ‘walasé xwak!iina, qa‘s anégats!ex laqwi. Wa, la‘mé Lex‘éda, qa‘s li lixa q!éq!idixa q!éxate. Wi, gil'mésé Léxédexs laé Q!imx'odé axk'lalaxa ésrléwinoxwasés ‘nE‘mémota ‘walasé; qa sHsax'sEndéséxa neqasgeEmé iwi mégwata qa sapodéséx xtisE- nafyas, qa‘s tlotsé‘staléq, qa gvilsg-ilt!ésa xtisé‘lakwé, g-a gwileg-a (fig.) qaxs doqtlinaxa gig'igima‘yasa mosgemak!iisé ‘nane‘mémas dgit‘la lax ‘ne‘mémotas Qlimx-: ddéxa ‘walasé. Wa, lixaé neqas- gema mégwaté im*imayastowé sakwa‘yé g'a gwilég'a(fig.). Héem lat k‘alatxa brgtilida‘yé. Wéa, lave yaqilé Lasialis laxa mémak‘i- laxa xéxamagema‘yé gigigima‘ya, yixs kaak‘omalaéda xamagr- ma‘yé gig igamésa nak? nE'mémasaxa hiq!wayowasa mégwaté laxa gwasa‘yé iiwelatsa mégwaté. Wa, laré k'lés hé gwiita laxa ‘wa- lasé kwélatsa gix‘sdgtigiyowé mégwata, yixs q {iinalae sEnala mé- 1 That is, by long parallel cuts crossing at right angles. 75 80 85 90 70 75 80 85 90 1044 EBTHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 93 whole | seal is given to the head chief of each numaym, for | they only cut off the head; that is, when many seals are given at a feast. | 95 I just wanted to talk about this. || Now, the twenty seals that they had cut up were being cooked, | and ninety seals were left raw. It was almost evening when they | finished cutting up the twenty seals, and in the evening also those | who had gone after fire-wood came home. When they arrived on the beach, | the young men of the 900 numaym ‘walas went down || and carried up the fire-wood into the house of | Q!iimx’dd (IV 4); and when the fire-wood was all inside, they took baskets, | went down to the beach, and picked up stones, and | they carried up the baskets with stones into the house of Qttimx’dd (IV 4). | When they thought they had enough, they made 5 a cross-pile of fire-wood in the || middle of the host’s house; and when it was high enough, | they piled stones on it, so that they were ready when they wanted to put fire to it. | In the morning, when day came, another man of the | numaym ‘walas took boxes and | placed them 10 between the door and the fire. || After doing so, he drew water and poured it | into the boxes. When (the boxes) were half full, there was enough water in them. | After this they took red-pine wood | and made tongs, as many as there were | boxes. Then they asked 92 gwaté kax“‘idayixa xamagema‘yé g'igimésa ‘np‘méma, yixs léx-a- ‘maé lawoyiwé xEweqwas lagéxs Giedumee ieieeludemeneen gigi- matyé mégwata. Atmen ‘néx’ qen gwagwex'sex"idé laq. Wa, 95 hépm Llopra ma‘itsemg-ustawé mégwat la sakwasE‘wa. Wa, la klilkx'ra na‘nemsok!wa mégwata. Wa, la‘mésé Elaq dzaiqwaxs laé gwala sakwixa mpl: ustawé mégwata. Wai, larmxaawisé dzagqwaxe'e ‘axaé né®nakwa Anéqixa leqwa. Wa, gvil‘em g-ax‘alisa inéqixa leqwixs laé ‘witlents!éséda ha*yal‘iisa ‘nE* wieunaN cel ewalaseé, 900 qa’s l& wawig'alaxa q!éexalé leqwa, qa‘s la haéelas lax gokwas Qlimxodé. Wa, gil‘mésé ‘witlaétéeda leqwiixs laé &x‘édxa larlxa‘ye, qa‘’s la hoqiints!és laxa L!ema‘isé, qa‘s lai xEqwaxa t!ésrmé, qa‘s lixat! k-!ogwitklaxa t!étsH!ala lanlxé lax g-dkwas Q!imxddé. Wa, gilfmésé k‘dtaq lazm hélalaxs laé hawanaqostilaxa Inqwa lax 5 iwagawalitasa k!wéladzats!éLé godkwa. Wi, gilfmésé hélalaxs laé xEqtiyindalasa t!ésemé lag, qa gwalilés qo tsénabotsoLex gvalétas enax‘idiex gailara. Wi, laxaé dgttlaem brgwanrm gvayol laxa ‘ne‘mémotasa ‘walasa &x‘édxa k‘lik'limyaxta qa%s axe mex‘alilalas lax Awagawa‘tyasa t!ex‘ila Letwa Iegwile. Wa, 10 gilfmésé gwalrxs lae tséx“itsE°weda ‘wapé, qa‘s li gitxts!alayo lees klik limyaxta. Wa, gilfmésé benk:!dlts!exs laé héta- ts!pwéda ‘wapé. Wa, gil'mésé gwalexs laé ixétspSweda winagile, qa‘s k'lipialagilase‘we, yixs hé‘maé waxa k:!ipralaé ‘waxasgema- asa k'lik-timyaxpa. Wa, g‘ilfmésé gwatexs laé hélase‘wéda na- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES ° 1045 the song-leaders || to sing the feasting-song, and | the numaym fwalas learned to sing the song that night. When | they all knew the feasting-song, they went out of | the host’s house. In the morn- ing, when day came, they | lighted the fire in the middle of the house; and when it began to blaze up, they || cleared out the house. After they had done so, the stones were red-hot. | Then all the young men of the | numaym ‘walas were asked to help put red-hot | stones into the boxes to cook the seal. They came and took | each a pair of tongs, picked out the red-hot || stones, and placed them in the boxes for cooking the | seals; and when the water boiled, they put in the | butchered seal. When (the boxes) were nearly full, they stopped putting in more | butchered seal. They took the tongs and | put more stones on top of the,|| butchered seal. When the water was boiling, they | took mats and spread them over them; and when they were all | covered with mats, the young men | took their tongs and went to invite the four | numayms of the Nak!wax'dax® on behalf of Mrnlesid (LV 4), for || Q!imx'dod (IV 4) was already using this name, as he was giving a feast. The young men went into | the houses and called every one by name, | standing inside of the door- way of the house of whomever they were inviting; and when | they gade, qa‘s drnx‘édésa k!wélayalayowé q!emdrema. Wai, larm q!emdélaxa Ja ganuraxa ‘ne‘mémotasa ‘walasé. Wa, gilmése ‘naxwa la q!alaxa k!wélayalayo q!emdemxs laé hoqitwels laxa klweladzats!éré gokwa. Wai, gil’mésé ‘nax*‘idxa gaalixs laé tse- nabdtsE‘wa la gwalita laqawalilé. Wa, gil'mésé x‘iqostaxs lad éx- ‘witse’weda gokwé. Wii, gil’mésé gwalmxs laé mémenitsemx“i- déda t!ésemé. Wa, héx“‘ida‘mésé la Axse*wéda ‘naxwa hifyalasa ‘nE‘mémotasa S‘walase, qa gaxés giwala k‘!ipstalasa xIx‘exsemila t!ésem laxa k-lik-limyaxta q!dlats!élxa mégwaté. Wa, g-axda‘xwe ‘witla &*misé ‘nalSnemx‘‘idxa k'!ipralaa qa‘s k:!tp!édéxa x‘ix'pxsp- mala t!ésem, qa‘s li k‘!ipstalas laxa klik: !emyaxta q !dlats!élxa mégwate. Wa, gil*mésé mEedeElx*widéda ‘wapaxs laé ixstalayuweéeda sag'ikwé mégwat laq. Wa, gilfmésé rlaiq qot!axs laé gwal dxstalasa sigikwé mégwat laqéxs laé ét!éd Ax‘édxa k'!ipralaa, qa’s ét!édé klip!éd laxa x‘ix'pxspmiala t!ésema, qa‘s lixat! ét!éd k:!ipryindalas laxa sag'ekwé mégwata. Wii, gil’mésé dlax‘id mapmdelqiilaxs laé aix’édxa léefwatyé qa‘s Lepryindés laq. Wa, gil’mésé ‘naxwa la LEpEyaax'sa 1é*watyaxs laé héx‘idazm la ‘witlamaléda hi‘yala dalaxés k'!ik-eptalaa. Wa, lamm lat vé‘lalatxa mosgEmak!iisé ‘nal- ‘ne‘mématsa Nak!waxda‘xwé qa Menlesidaasé, qa‘s lm‘maé yawa- s'idé Q!imxodé Légadmséxs k!wélasaé. Wa, la‘mé lin!msalaxa g Oktlaxa ha‘yala LeLteqnlax LéLEgEMasés Lé‘lalasE‘wé laxés q!wa- stalats!éna‘yé lax t!ex‘ilisa gig'okwasés Lé‘lalase‘wé. Wa, gil 15 20 25 30 35 20 25 30 35 38 40 45 50 60 40 45 55 60 1046 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 had called out the names of all those who lived in the one house, | one of the young men said, ‘On behalf of Mrnlesid (IV 4). They | continued saying this until they had gone into all the houses of the four | numayms. The guests did not come quickly, | because they were afraid of the many seals that were to be given in the feast, for | often those who are not accustomed to eat seal-blubber vomit. | It took the men a long time to call again and to get the || four numayms to go in. | First of all came the head numaym, the G’éxsrnm. |; They went in and sat down in the rear of the house; and when al! were inside, | the second numaym, the Siseni!é£, came in, and they sat down | at the right-hand side-of the house; and after they were all in, the || Tsétseméleqala came in and sat down | towards the rear, on the left-hand side of the house; and finally the | numaym Trml- trmirls came and sat down next to the | numaym Tsétsreméleqila. When the four | numayms of the Nak!wax’da‘x" were inside, they were told to sing their feasting-songs. || Then the first to sing their song were the head| numaym G’ éxsEm; and after they were through, | the numaym SiseEnt !é£ sang their song; and when they were through, | the numaym Tsétseméleqila sang their song; and | when they had ended their song, || the numaym Tremitrmlels sang their song; | and ‘mésé ‘witla LeLEqElax LéLegemasa g’Oktila laxa “nemsgEmsé gOkwa laé ‘nék-éda ‘nEmokwe laxa hi‘yalfa ‘qa Menlesidaasai’.”” Wa, hé- xsifmésé gwek lala ‘wa‘wilxtots!axa gig‘Okwasa modsgemak !iisé ‘nalne’mémasa. Wa, li k:!és geyot gx hogwiréda Lé‘lanemé qaxs 4laé lak-!enatya q!énemé mégwata, yixs k!wéladzemaé, qaxs q!inalaé hoxsiwaya yig7ilwateé lax q!Esiixa xtidziisa megwate. Wa, hét!a la dla gé@ilséda ha‘yal‘a étsé‘staxs gaxaé lal loxmaléda ‘nal- ‘ne'mémixs gaxaé mox‘widasexs gaxaé hogwitEla. Wai, larm galaéré ‘mektimatyas ‘nakne’mémats!énatyasxa G-éxsemé, qa‘s la kitis‘alit laxa ogwiwalilasa gokwe. Wa, gilfmésé ‘witlaétexs @axaé hogwiréda mak‘ila ‘ne‘mémotasa Sisinu!atyé, qa‘s li k!tis‘alit laxa hélk-!odenégwilasa g'dkwée. Wa, g‘il'mésé ‘witlaéLexs g-axaas hdgwiLé ‘nE‘mémotasa Tsétseméleqila, qa‘s li k!tis‘alit laxa ‘nel- k-lodoyalitasa gemxanégwilasa g'okwe. Wa, g-axé Elxia‘ya ‘nE- ‘mémotasa Temitemlelse, qa‘s li k!wabalilax k!tidzélasasa ‘ne‘mé- motasa Tsétseméleqila. Wa, gilfmésé ‘witlaéréda modsgemak!iisé ‘nafne*méematsa Nak!wax'dafxwaxs laé wiixasd® qa‘s k!welalé den- xEla. Wa, hérmxaawis gil k!welgatl denx‘édéda ‘mrekuma‘yé ‘nEemémotasa Géxsemé. Wai, giil*mésée q!ilbé denxalayds lae k!wélga‘l denx*édéda ‘ne‘mémotasa Sisinu!atyé. Wa, gil'mésé q!tlbé denxalayis laé k!wélg-att denx‘édéda ‘ne‘mémotasa Tsé- tseméleqila. Wi, gilfmésé q!tlbé denxalayds laé k!welg-act den- xedéeda ‘neemémotasa Temiteminlse. Wa, gilfmeésé q!tilbé den- BUAS | FAMILY HISTORIES 1047 when all had sung, they took the drum and put it down | next to the 62 door. Then they took the | four house-dishes, the marriage gift given to the father (III 1) of Q!timx'dd (IV 4) by the chief | of the Kos- kimo (II 9)—the sea-otter house-dish, the sea-lion house-dish, the || whale house-dish, and the sea-monster house-dish—and they put them 65 down | at the left-hand side of the house. Then they took four other | house-dishes, the marriage gift to Q!timx’dd (IV 4), given by the chief of the | Gwawaénox, Lek mmaxéd (III 9)—the Dzdnoq !wa house-dish, the wolf | house-dish, the beaver house-dish, and the grizzly-bear house-dish—and they || put them down at the right- 70 hand side, inside the house. The | eight house-dishes had _ their heads towards the rear of the house; | and when they put them down, the speaker of Q!timxdd (IV 4), | whose name was Ha‘mid, told the chiefs of the | four numayms about the four house-dishes—the sea- otter, || sea-lion, whale and | sea-monster house-dishes—which were 75 obtained as a marriage gift by the dead father (III 1) | of Q!timx 6p (IV 4) from Qwax‘ila (II 9), the chief of the Koskimo. ‘And | these were obtained in marriage by my chief Q!imx'dd (IV 4) | —the Dzodnoq !wa, wolf, beaver, || and grizzly-bear house-dishes—from Chief 80 Lek pmaxod (III 9) | —Now take care, G’ésxsrm, Sisrnw !é*, and Tsétseméleqila — | and you, Temltrmtrls—and really eat, for you | see what you will have to eat; for these | dishes have been selected xElayAséxs las axteten'weda ae eae axe nee alilem 61 laxa max’stalilasa t!exila. Wi, héx-fidatmésé Ax‘étsE‘ at ME- wexta foxrlqtililaxa geg‘adianrmas Ompdiis Q!iimxddé lax g‘igima- fyasa Gosg’imoxwa, q!asa toqiilila, Le‘wa L!éxené loqiilila, Lefwa gwe‘yimé loqtilila, LeSwa hanagits!& loqtilila, qa‘s li mrx‘alé‘lem 65 laxa gemxotstalilasa g‘Okwé. Wi, la ax*étseSweda mpwexta lor qtlila, yix gegadangmas Q!timx-ddixs hiéé lax g‘igimafyasa Gwa- waénoxwé Lekrmaxddéxa Dzonoq!wa joqulila, LESwa aLanemé loqtilita, Lefwa ts!awé toqtilitla, Le‘wa nané lodqiilila, qa‘s 1a meEx‘alé‘lem lax hélk!otstalitas Awitelisa g'Okwée; ‘naxwa‘tma 70 ma‘igiinatexta lorlqtlit gwegwegemila lixa Saree des g-okwe. Wa, gil'mésé ‘wilgalitexs laé yaq!mgatté xrlkwas Ql!itmx-ddéxa Legadis Ha‘midé. Wa, lazm nélaxa giigigima‘yasa mdsgE- mak!tsé ‘nal‘nr‘mémasa, yisa mewéxta loerlqtilitxa q!asa loqiilila, Lefwa Lléxené foqtilila, LE‘wa gweE‘yimé loqtilila, Letwa 75 hanagats!i Joqtilila, yixs hé‘maé grgadanems omp ewitlasa la Q!imxdda lax gigima‘yasa Gosgimoxwé Qwax‘ila. ‘Wa, games geg'adanemsg'in gigimégég'a Qliimx‘ddek’, yixgada Deoned Wwak- toqtilila, Logwada atanemk: loqilita, oemade ts !awek- loqilita, Logwada neal foqtlita, laxa g-igima‘yé “Lek: Emaxode. 80 Wa, la‘mésrn hayax!dlarot G-éxsem, Los Siséne!é, Los Tsétseméle- qala; wa, so‘méts TEmlitemiels, qa‘s Alax‘idérds himx*‘idel, qaxs doqitla‘maagqés lixg-as hémaats!élg-6s, yixs alék’ senyaax%g'a gwe- 1048 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 85 from the animals of the woods, and also from the || chiefs of the animals of the ocean, so that you may eat from them. | Try to eat everything that is in your dishes.” Thus said Hamid. | Then they took the boiled seal and put them into the | eight house-dishes; and when everything was in, Q!imx’od ([V 4) | arose and gave the 90 Dzdnoq!wa dish and the sea-monster dish || to the head numaym, the Géxsrm. The | young men of the numaym ‘walas took up the two house-dishes with | blubber and put them in front of the numaym Géxsrm; | and after they had done so, Q!timx'6d spoke again, and said, | “Siseni!é*, the whale dish and the wolf dish are for you,” and 95 the || young men put the whale dish and the wolf dish | in front of the numaym Sisenu!ée*. After this was done, | Q!timx 6d (IV 4) spoke again, and said, “This sea-lion dish and grizzly-bear dish are for you, Tsétspméleqila;” | and the young men went and put the 1000 two | house-dishes in front of the numaym TsétsEméleqala. || And after this had been done, Q!timx'dd (IV 4) spoke again, and said, | “This beaver dish and sea-otter dish are for you, Temlitrmizls.’’ Then | the young men went and put the two house-dishes in front of the | numaym TrEmitemiels. And when the eight | house-dishes with 5 blubber had been put down, Q!timx’dd (LV 4) sat down. || Then his speaker, Ha‘mid, arose, and spoke. He said, | ‘‘ Now, go ahead, you g 85 gigigimésa adwak-exg-as léloqtilalgos, qa‘s Alénds hatmapi, qa‘s ‘watwilgilts!eweLo laxg'as téloqtilalgds,’ ‘nék@ Hatmide. Wa, la‘mé ax‘étsESwa Lope sikwélax" mégwata, qa‘s li axts!Alayo laxa ma‘letinatexia lorlqtlita. Wii, gilfmésé ‘wilts!'xs laé Q!timx-ddée Laxtlila, qa‘s k-ak-!mg-alésa Dzonoq!wa LE‘wa hanagats!e lorlqulit 90 laxa ‘mrkiimalasé ‘ne’mémotsa G'éxsemé. Wi, li héx~idatmé ha‘yaliisa ‘ne‘mémotasa ‘walasé ax‘alilaxa ma‘tmxia lorlqtlit xwe- xtits!4la, qa‘s li kax'dzamolilas laxa ‘ne‘mémotasa G*éxsemé. Wi, gilfmese gwatexs laé édzaqwé Q!imxddé ‘nék‘a: “ Loqitilas Sisinn!afyé gwrtyim LESwa atanEmé loqtilita.” Wa, héx‘idanmxaa- 95 wise hityaka la k-ax-dzamélilasa gwe‘yimé LESwa araneme loqtlil laxa ‘ne*mémotasa Sisin!atye. Wi, gil'mésé gwalnxs lae édzaqwe Qliimx'ddé: ‘nék-a: “Loqtilas Tsétspméleqila L!éxen Lefwa nané foqtilila.”’ Wi, héx‘idammxaawiséda ha‘yal‘a la ix‘ilitaxa ma‘texta torlqilita, qa‘s li k-ax-dzamoOlitas lixa ‘nm‘mémotasa Tsétseméleqila. 1000 Wii, g:ilfemxaawisé gwalexs laé édzaqweé Q!timx-ddé ‘nék-a: “ Loqt- las Temitemtelsé ts!afwe Le‘wa q !asa loqitlita.”’ Wii, héx‘Sida‘méséda ha‘yalfa la &xsililaxa ma‘texia foulqilita, qa‘s li k'ax-dzamoOlilas laxa ‘nesmemotasa Trmiteminlse. Wa, gilfmesé ‘wilgaliléda ma‘igtina- lexLa xwextits!ala lorlqtlila laasé k!wag-alile Q!timxode. Wai, lii 5 raxtlilé elkwiise Hatmidé. Wa, lii yaq!mg-atta. Wa, la ‘néka: “Wii, Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1049 four great numayms! Now it is well done. | Now eat as well as you can, and eat it all.” Thus he said | and stopped speaking. Then Hétamas, the head chief of the | numaym G’éxspm, arose and spoke. He said, ‘Don’t || sit in this way, Chief Yaqok!walag’ilis (he meant the chief. of the | numaym SisEni!é); and also Hiqnlal (the head chief | of the Tsétsrméleqila); | and you, Ts!mx‘éd (he meant the chief of the | numaym Trmitrmlels)! Stand up, and let us | show that we have sweet food to eat!” Thus he said; and when || he stopped speaking, the four chiefs arose. | They were naked, and they took hold of a | long strip of blubber and ate it. Then the men of low rank | also arose and took the blubber of the seal | and ate it. They all stood while they were eating it. They do not || eat the skin of the seal-blubber at a great | seal-feast. After they had eaten enough, | they sat down. Then the young men of the numaym | ‘walas took the house-dishes and carried them out of the house and | put them down outside. Afterwards they gave the || whole raw seals to the chiefs, and they cut in two pieces | the seals which they gave to the people of low rank. When they had | finished, the numaym ‘walas assembled in one place in the house, and they sang the new | feasting-songs of Q!timx’6d ([V 4), and then | his sister, Qwax‘ilal wig ila mésgemak® ‘wilas ne‘mém. La‘mo aék‘aakwa, qa‘s wiig’i- Los hamx“idriq6, aék: !ares hafmapLeEqd, qa‘s ‘witléLosaq",” ‘nék'Exs laé q!wélida. Wé, la Lax‘tlilé Héetamasaxa xamagema‘yé gigimésa ‘ne‘mémotasa G-éxsEmé, qa‘s yaq!pg-atté. Wai, li ‘nék-a: “Gwallas hé gwaéle, gigimé Yaqok!walag‘ilis,” yix gigima*yasa ‘nE*mémo- tasa Sisint!a‘yé gwe‘yos; hé'misé Hiqerlal, yix xamagema‘yé gigi- mésa Tsétseméleqila, “Los gigimé Ts!ex%éd,”’ yix g‘igima‘yasa ‘nEmémotasa Temitemtnlsé gwe‘yos; “qa‘’s Lax‘ilitads ‘witla qens iwtilx‘nyaméxg‘ins éx"p!aseweLek: laxens ha‘maénéréx,” ‘nék'Exs laé q!wélida. Wa, héx‘ida‘mésé ‘nixwa q!wag ilitéda mokwé g‘ig-i- giimafya laxés xaxEnalaéna‘yé. Wis, lii ‘naxwa daix‘‘idEx dba‘tyasa gilsg‘ilt!a xtidzii, qa‘s q!ns‘édé. Was, li ‘naxwa‘méda bébegtilidatyé dgwaqa Lax‘tilitala, qa‘s 6gwaqé la dolts!4la laxa xtidziisa mégwate, qa‘’s q!nséq laxés ‘naxwa‘maé Lax'LE‘wilpxs q!esaé. Wii, li k !és OqwaqaEm q!Esaxa k!idzéo-afyasa xtidziisa mégwaté laixa ‘wilasé k!wé‘latsa mégwate. Wa, gilfmésé ‘naxwa hélfak-!ms laqéxs laé klisalita. Wa, héx‘idatmésa g-ayolé laxa ha‘yal‘iisa “nm*mémotasa ‘walasé la ix‘ililaxa forlqiilité, qa‘s li lawelsas laxa g-dkwe, qa‘s li meEx‘klsas lax L!asanffyas. Wi, g‘ilfmésé gwalexs lae k-ax-‘idayo- wéeda sésEnila k-lilx’ mégwat laxa g‘igigima‘tye. Wa, li méma‘t- tslaakwa mégwaté k‘ax‘tidayoxa bebrgtitidatyé. Wai, g-il'mésé gwa- texs laé q!ap lég-ililé ‘ne‘mémotasa ‘walasé, qa‘s denx‘édésa altsemé k!wé‘laya‘layo q!smdpms Q!timx’ddé. Wi, hé‘mis la yix‘widaats J 10 15 25 6 10 20 30 35 40 45 30 35 40 45 1050 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 (IV 3), danced. When the song of the || numaym was at an end, Ha‘mid said that Qwaxilat (LV 3) had changed her name, for now | her name was Ts!endegemg'i‘lak® (LV 3); and Q!timx'dd (LV 4) | also had changed his name, and his name was now Menlesid (IV 4). Thus he said, and | he stopped speaking. Then all the guests went out. Now | I shall talk about the sister of Q!timx’dd (1V4), Ts!endn- gpmg' iflak" (LV 3). || Now, the princes of the chiefs of the | various tribes wanted to marry her, for they had seen the eight house- dishes. | The chief of the numaym Q!0 afseEla, L!asotiwalis (III 11), asked her in marriage for his prince Sésaxdlas (IV 8); | and the Gwa‘srtla came to woo her at Baas, for || all the Nak!wax'da‘x had gone there with their houses, and did not go back to Tégiixsté. | It was evening when they arrived outside of Baas. | Then t!asotiwalis (III 11) spoke to his tribe, and said, | “Tisten to me, tribes! I do not wish to | pay the marriage money in the evening. Let us sleep here, and go in the morning || to pay the marriage money, when the Nak !wax’ dafx" wake up!” | Thus he said. Immediately the speaker Pengwid arose, | and also spoke. He said, “What you say is good, | chief, for you are going to make really war against Ts!endrgemg flak” (IV 3), the | princess of Q!timxéd wiiq !wiisé Qwax‘ilalé. Wa, gil’mésé la q!tlbé denxalayésa ‘ne‘mé- miixs laé nélé Hatmidiis Qwax‘ilalaxs lm‘maé L!ayoxLii yixs lnSmaé Légades Ts!mndegemg'i‘lakwe. Wa, hé‘misé Q!iimx‘ddiixs le‘maé ogwaqa LlayoxLi, yixs Imfmaé Légades Menlesidaasé, ‘nék‘Exs laé q!wel‘ida. Wa, la‘me hegnwnlecds k!wéelé laxéq. Wa, la‘mésen ee sex“idel lax wiq!was Q!timx‘ddé lax Ts!sndegemg'i‘la- ie Wa, la‘mé Awtlqap!esosa LoLaElgima‘yas g‘igé igima‘yasa dlogtixsemakwe lélqwilara‘ya, qaxs laé dogtila ma‘igtinalexia torlqt- lita. Wa, hét!a gigimatyasa *nesméemotasa @lomic ‘ut!msasa Gwa- ‘sela yix L!asotiwalisé gigak'laq qaés Lawitlgama‘yé Sésaxalase. Wa, gax‘mé gagak: lasdsa "Gwarszla lax Baasé, qaxs g‘axaé mawa Sera Nak!waxda‘xwé laq. K-!és la aédaaqa lax eee Wa, hé*maaséxs g'axaé gax‘aLEla lax Awig-atyas Baadsaxa la dza- qwa. Wi, lai yaq!ng-atté L!asdtiwalisaxés goktlote. Li ‘néka: “Wirntsds horélax gdletikilot, qaxgin k-!ésék- ‘néx: qrns qadzeéLéxwa dziqwax, qEns yiSmé méx‘édox, quns litensax gaalaza, qrns hii qadzéldemeé qo lat ‘naxwax'st!aax"Le ts!px“‘idra Nak!wax’- dafxwax,” ‘néké. Wa, héx-fida‘mésé Lax‘tlitexsé Elkwasé Prn- gwidé, qa‘s Ogwaqé yaq!rg'a‘ta. Wa, la ‘nék-a: ‘“Ex-‘mis watdembds, gigimé, qaxs Alézaqos winal laxox T's!endrgemg‘i‘lakwax k:!édé- taq!ms Q!timx'odé. Wi, hé'mis ék-éltsés waldemos gigimé, qrns Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1051 (LV 4*), and therefore your word is good, chief. Let us || meet in the daytime and talk with the Nak!wax'da‘x" about the marriage, for I | think there will be a sham-fight for the princess of Chief Qiimx'dd ([V 4).” | Thus he said and stopped speaking. His tribe agreed to | what he had said. | Now they slept; and in the morning, when day came, || the men of the Gwas*rla dressed themselves. When they had | finished, they started in four large canoes; | and when they arrived at the island in front of Bais, | the four canoes stopped. Then 1 !asdti- walis (III 11) arose and spoke. | He said, ‘‘ Now, Chief Séwid, you, chief of the || numaym G'ig‘ilgim, now go and ask Chief | Q!iimx’6d (IV 4) for his daughter in marriage;—and you, Chief Gwiydln- lasemé*—you, chief of this numaym | Sisrnt !é*,—go and ask in mar- riage the daughter of Chief Q!iimx’od (IV 4) ;— | and you, Pengwid, of my numaym Q!omk' !ut!gs, | go and listen behind our chiefs.— Now, you, my || young men, paddle for these chiefs.’”’ Then he stopped speaking; and they went | into one canoe, the fastest trav- eling canoe; and | the young men paddled very fast, and arrived at the beach of the | house of Q!timx'6d (IV 4). Then the two chiefs, | Séwid and Gwiydlnlasemé:, and the speaker of Q!timx’dd, || Pengwid, 7 went ashore, and went into the house of Chief Q!timx dd (IV 4). | nengalit laxens watdemia Le‘wa Nak!waxda‘xwax, qaxg’in k‘dta- ‘még‘ins amaqasot qadxda k'ledélaq!rsa gigimatyaé Q!imx-dde,” ‘nék'exs laé q!welfida. Wi, &*misé ‘naxwa éx‘ak-é g-dktilotaséx waldrmas. Wii, hé‘misé la méx‘edé. Wa, gil'mésé ‘nax’tidxa gadliixs laé ‘naxwa q!walax‘idéda bébrgwanemasa Gwa‘srla. Wa, g-ilemése gwalpxs laé ‘naxwa sep!édéda mots!agé Swa xwaxwik!tina yatya- tslés. Wa, g-il'mésé lag-aa lax ‘mektima‘yas Baisaxs laé mpxana‘yé- da mots!agé ya‘yats!és. Wa, li Lax‘tilexse 1 !asdtiwalisé, qa‘s yaq !r- gate. Wa, li ‘nék'a: “Wagil la gigime Séwidi, gigima‘tyaqos ‘nEmeéem Gigilgem. Larms lat waraqag‘ilitrlat laxa gigima‘yaé Qltimx’dda, so*méts gigimeée Gwiyolelasemé, gigimayaqos “nesméem Sisini!é* larms lat waLaqag‘ilitnlat laxa g‘igima‘tyaé Q!imx-‘ddi. Wi, so‘méts Pengwidi, g-ayolaéx laxen‘ne‘memota Q!omk:!ut!Esé, lazms lat hoxelégiixens g‘igigimatyéx. Wa, la‘méts laiLol nos ha‘yalfa séxwalxwa gig*igima‘yéx,” ‘nék'exs laé q!welida. Wa, li hogiixs laxa ‘nemts!aqé xwaiklinaxa yinga‘yas yaé‘yatsliis, qa‘s sex'widaéda ha*yal‘a yayana. Wi, gilfmésé lag‘aa lax L!emat‘isas g okwas Q!itmx‘ddiixs laé hox*wiltawéda ma‘lokwé g‘igima‘ya, yix Séwidé 10° Gwiyolelasema‘yé, Le‘wa Elkwas Q!imx‘odé, yix Prn- gwide, qa‘s li hogwirrla lax g‘Okwasa g‘igima‘yé Qlitmx-ddé, qa‘s lai 1 She is really his sister. 50 60 65 =) 50 60 65 71 75 80 85 90 71 75 80 85 90 1052 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH. ANN, 35 They went and sat down inside of the door of the house. , Then | the chief of the numaym Gig’ ilgim, Séwid, spoke, and said, | ‘‘ Now turn your face this way, Chief Q!timx'dd (IV 4), and | listen to what brought us here!” (That is the way they talk in great orations.) || “Now we have come to ask in marriage your | princess Ts!endE- gpmg iflak® (IV 3), Chief Q!tmx’dd (IV 4), for the prince of our chief | L !asotiwalis (III 11), Sésaxdlas (IV 8).”’ Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Then | Q!timx'dd ([V 4) replied, and said, “Tell | Chief L{asotiwalis (III 11) that I accept his prince || Sésaxdlas (IV 8), because he is of the same rank as my princess.’’ Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. | Then the chief Gwiydlrlasrmé: arose and | spoke. He said, “Indeed, I never fail to get | what I want and what I try to get. Thank you, Chief Q!timx’dd (IV 4), | that you do not refuse what we offered. Now |! I shall turn back and take your good word, great chief, | to my chief L!asdtiwalis (III 11). Now, come, Chief Séwid,—and | you, Prngwid,—and let us go now!” Thus he said. When they had | stopped speaking, Chief Q!timx’dd (IV 4) spoke again, and | said, “Please wait a while, chiefs, and || carry along my princess Ts!mndegemg’iflak® ([V 3)!’ Thus he said, and took | three pairs of blankets, and he gave each | of them one pair. kltis*alil lax Awitelis t!ex‘ilisa gokwé. Wii, hé*mis yaq!ng-acté gigima‘yasa ‘ne*mémotasa Grig‘ilgimé, yix Sewide. Wa, la ‘nék-a: “Wigit la hélgemlilLe gwisgemlitol g gigimé Q!imx-dd, qa‘s horéla- dsaxg’anuex" gaxének’.” Laxdx gwégwasaxsa ‘wa‘twalatsilax waldr- ma. “Wa, g'ax*mEnu‘x® waLaqag‘ilitela lan, gigimé Q!timx"dd, qads k !édélax laxox Ts!endegemg‘i‘lakwax, qa Liwiilgimatyasa g° igit- Hoe Llasotiwalisé, yix aso ‘nék-exs laé q!wélida. Wii, la Q!timx‘ddé na*naxméq. Wii, la ‘néka: “ Wiiga, fem axa giga- ma‘yaé L!asotiwalisaxg'in daéta‘még'ax Liwtilgimatyasé, lax Sé- saxilasa, yixs ‘namalaso‘maa Logiin k:!édétek-,” ‘nék-exs laé q!wel- ‘ida. Wa, hé‘mis la Lax‘ililatsa ge igima‘tyé Gwiyoltelasema‘ye, qa‘s yaq!rg'atté. Wa, li nék'a: “Qen walé, qaxg‘in k !ések: wiyo1!é- nox"xEn gwk‘yé qen laloL!ase‘wa. Wa, gélak-as‘la, g'igimé Q!im- x‘0d, qaxs k‘!ésaéx 4mm Lalagwalaxg’i in waldemk-. Wa, la- ‘mésen lal qwésgematalsg’as 6x-g'0s waldemag*ds ‘walas gigime lixen nosa gigima‘ye Liaeotewalicn, Wi, gélag'a gigimé Séwid L0°s Pengwid qrns lalag‘,’”’ nek'rxs laé q!wag‘ilita. Wéa, g:ilfmésé q!wélidpxs laé édzaqwa yaq!ngalé gigimatye Q!timxode. Wa, li ‘nék'a: ‘‘Wég'armst éselax, g‘ig‘igimé, qa‘s le‘mads q!rlelqr- laxg‘in k:!edétek-, laxg'a Ts!endrgemg‘i‘laktk’,” ‘nék'exs laé &x‘éd- xa yiduxixsa p!elxplasgema, qa‘s li ts!swanaqrlasa ‘nal‘nemxsa laqéxs yudukwaé. Wa, gvilfmésé gwalexs laé hoqttwelséda yadu- Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1053 After this the three | chiefs went out, singing their sacred songs as they went along. They went aboard | the traveling-canoe. The young men were sitting in the canoe, || waiting for them. Then they paddled back to where the other | canoes were left. The three chiefs were still standing, | carrying in their arms the blankets, and singing their sacred songs. When | they arrived, the speaker of Q!timx’dd, Prngwid, spoke and | said, ‘‘O Chief L!asotiwalis (IIT 11)! || you will now see these chiefs coming, carrying in their arms the wife of Sésaxdlas (IV 8). | They are so great, that they obtain what they want, on account of their greatness. | Now, get ready, and let us pay the marriage-money!”’ Thus he said, and | he stopped speaking, Then u!asdtiwalis (III 11) thanked him for what he had said, and all the strong young men were put into two canoes || to be ready for a sham-fight. After this had been done, | the bows of the canoes were putin line, and they started. Now on each side of the | canoes (2 and 3) with the young men, were the canoes used by the weaker men and by the | chiefs (1 and 4). When they had nearly arrived at the beach of the house , of | Q!timx’dd (LV 4), they did not see a single man || walk- ing about, for Ses —<—— they had all gone into the house of theirchief| 4 On 5 ~J ‘maxtilag‘ilisé. Wa, lofmé héwixa la nax‘idaasa naxedzows. Wtl- ‘em la Laésa. Wa, gilfmésé k!wag-aalexse L!an!nlawédzemgixs laé Qasnomalasé yiq!eg‘a‘ta. Wa, la ‘nék-a: ‘‘ Wég-armast éselax, 60 Kwakiig'ul, qa lisg-a k !és*ewats!ék gildatsds genemaqos, ‘maxt- lag‘ilis,” ‘nék'Exs fee dzelwita lax eoleges K'ladalag‘ilisé. Wii, gilfmésé laétexs laasé hék'!eg'acté medzésasa hamats!a LE‘wa ~ q!Aminagisé, LESwa S Plsienleea toxfwide witiq !ésa, LESwa nonitsé- ‘stalalé medzésas hék:!ala. Wa, k-!ést!a giila hék !alaxs laé q!wél- 65 ‘ida. Wa, g’axé Qasnomalasé g-axiwels laxa gOkwe yatrlaxa yadrnasox hélikisa hamats!a. Wa, li wiixaxés goktilota Na- k!wax'da‘xwé qa t!emsalés. Wai, gilfmésé t!ems‘idexs laé dasgmmd- xa ‘nawilakwasa ts!éts!éqa, qa‘s meqrnts!ésés lixa Kwag-ulé. Wii, héx‘idafmése L!an!elawéedzemga 4xk'lalax xtindkwasés laSwinemé 70 Yagwisé, qa xwasés. Wai, héx‘idatmésé Yagwisé hamadzelaqwa. Wi, lafmé xwisa, qa‘s loltawé, qa‘s li lan!msnla laxa g‘dktila. Wi, héx*fida‘mésé Qasnomalasé yaq!ngatta. Wa, la apl a: “TafmEn Lélalotai’ ‘nEenEmokwai’ qakn negtimpox ‘maxilag“iliséx, qrns yalex Yagwisé,” ‘nék'pxs laé q!wéelida. Wa, la héx-ida‘ma Kwa- 75 ktg'ulé hox‘wtilta, qa‘s 1a hogwit lax g-okwas K’!adalag‘ilise. Wa, giltmésé ‘witlaéLexs laé hogwiré ‘maxtilag‘ilise Le‘wis genEmé L!a- LinlewéedzEmga, qa‘s li k!ts‘alit laxa d6gwiwalilasa g okwé. Wai, go ilfméseé oat laé yaq!ng-a‘lé Gasaeelece. Wa, la ‘nék-a Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1071 friends, Nak!wax'da*‘x", be ready to pacify || our great friend Yagwis (V 1).” When he stopped speaking, | Yagwis (V 1) uttered the cannibal cry at the door, and then | the Nak!wax' da‘x" sang four songs; and when they had pacified | Yagwis (V 1), Qasnomalas (TII 14) let him sit down at the seat of | ratio: jlis (LV 9). When he was seated, Qasnomalas (III 14) brought the || carved privilege- box. On top of the box was a neck-ring | of red cedar-bark. Then he turned to his | tribe the Nak!wax'dafx". He did not speak loud, | and said, -‘What shall we say against this, what I carry here, my tribe | Nak!wax'da‘x"? for this is what the late ‘maxwa (II 1) obtained in marriage || from the Awik’ !énox". Now, this shall go to my son-in-law | ‘maxiilagiliis (IV 9), and also the name for this cannibal. His | name shall be Himtsé‘stisnlag ilis; and after a while I shall give | names to the other three dancers when I pay the mar- riage debt.’’ Thus he said while he was putting | down in front of Yagwis (V 1) the box containing the carved privileges. After || this they gave food to the Kwag'ul; and as soon as the | Kwag'ul had eaten, they went out, and Yagwis (V 1) | carried the carved box. Then he went out of the house and | went aboard the canoe of his father ‘maxtlagilis (IV 9). Now | L!an!elewedzemga (IV 3), and “Weég il la nénemok", Nak!wax'da‘x", q!agmmeg-alitex, qens yal‘i- déxens ‘nemox"dzék'asé lax Yagwisé.’’ Wa, g‘ilfmésé q !wél‘idexs g'axaé himts!ng‘a‘te Yagwisé laxa t!ex‘ila. Wi, lafmé denx‘idéda Nak!wax'da*xwasa mosgemé q!eEmq!Emdrma. Wa, gil'mésé yalideé Yagwisaxs laé k!wag-ali‘lems Qasnomalasé lax k!waélasas‘maxtlag‘i- ieee Wa, gilfmése k!wag-alitexs g’ixaasé Qasnomalasé dalaxa k lawats!é k-!ésgemala gildasa. Wa, li wilk-Eyaléda Lekwé k°!a- wats!ék-!inala qenxawé Llagekwa. Wa, li gwégemgcalit laxés goktlotaxa Nak!wax-datxwe. Wai, li k‘!és hasrlaxs laé yaq!n- gala. Wa, li ‘néka: “Qa ‘maséltsés waldemtads, g-dkilot, Nak!wax‘da‘x"; qag‘in daaktik: yixs g'a‘maé grg'adanems ‘maxwola laxa Awik'!enoxwé. Wai, la‘mésik: lat laxen negtimpéx 1axdx ‘maxtlag‘ilisex. Wa, hé‘misa 1égemé qaéda hamats!a. Larms Legadelts Hamtsé‘stisrlagilisé. Wii, alemtiwisen Léx‘édLex LéLEgE- masa yiduxwidala léléd, qmnLd qotex’aLo,” ‘nék‘Exs laé hingemli- fasa k'lawats!e k'!ésgemala giildas lax Yagwisé. Wa, gil'mésé gwalexs laé himg’ ilasEeweda Kwaktig-ulé. Wa, g-ilfmése gwaleda Kwaktgulé ha‘maprxs laé hoqtiwelsa. Wa, la ear Yagwisé da- laxa k'!awats!é k-!ésgnmala gvildasaxs laé lawxls laxa g-Okwé, qa‘s la laxs lax xwak!inasés dmpé ‘maxtilag-ilisé. Wa, la rlxra‘yé Llan!nlewédzemga LE‘wis la‘wtinrmé ‘maxilag‘ilisaxs laé hoqitwels OF 80 co or 80 1072 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [wTH. ANN. 35 500 her husband ‘maxiilag‘ilis ([V 9), went last || out of the house, and went aboard the canoe in which Yagwis (V 1) was seated. When | all the Kwag'ul had gone aboard, they started, and went home to Fort Rupert. | Late at night they arrived at Fort Rupert, and | immediately all the Kwag'ul went ashore into their | houses. When 5 daylight came, in the morning, ‘maxtilag’ilis (IV 9) invited || the Kwag' ul to a feast in the house of his son ‘nmmogwis (V 1), | for now his name was no longer Yagwis (V 1), because it was no real | winter dance. When all the Gwétrla, Q!émoya*‘yé, | ‘walas Kwag'ul, and Q!6mk' !ut!ss had come in, they were given breakfast; | and after 10 breakfast ‘nemdgwis (V 1) took the copper || Looking-Sideways and told the four Kwag‘ul tribes that he was going to sell it. | At once the chief of the numaym | Giig’ilgim of the Q!omoy&‘yé, whose name was ‘walas, arose, and asked ‘nemdgwis (V 1) for the copper. | Immediately ‘nemogwis (V 1) gave the copper | to the chief ‘walas. 15 He took it, and said that he || would buy it for fourteen hundred blankets. | When he stopped speaking, ‘nEmdgwis (V 1) thanked him for what he had said; | and after they had finished talking, the Kwag' ul tribes went out | before noon. Then Chief ‘walas called to- 20 gether the |four Kwag ul tribes, to sit in the summer seat outside || of his house; and when all the Kwag'ut had assembled, | ‘walas asked all the men to pay their blanket debts, and | immediately they paid him. 500 laxa g‘okwé qa‘s li hox*witexs lax la k!waxdzats Yagwisé. WéA, g‘il- *mésé ‘wilxseda Kwakiig-utaxs laé sup !éda, qa‘s li né‘nak" lax Tsxisé. Wa, la‘mésé gila -ganotexs laé lag'aa lax Tsaxisé. Wa, 4*misé héx*idarEm ‘naxwa la hox‘witltiwéda Kwaktg-ulé, qa‘s li laxés gigdkwé. Wa, gil*mésé ‘nax‘idxa gaalixs laé Lé‘lalé ‘maxtlag‘t- 5 lisaxa Kwaktigulé, qa, lis k!wéla lax gOkwasés xtindkwé ‘nEm0- gwisé, qaxs le‘maé gwat Légades Yagwisé, qaxs k:!ésaé Alarm ts!éts!eqa. Wi, g-il'mésé o-Ax ‘witlaétéda Gwétela Le‘wa Q!omoya‘yé LE‘wa ‘walasé Kwag'ula Le‘wa Q!omk:!ut!xsé, laé gaaxstala. Wa, gil'mésé gwat gaaxstalaxs laé ix*édé ‘nemogwisaxa L!aqwa, lax L!5- 10 Saxzl ayowé, qa‘s néléxa mosgemakwé Kwakiig-utexs le‘maé laxddikq. ‘Wa, héx-‘ida‘mesé Lax‘tlité g'igima‘yasa ‘ne‘mémotasa Giig‘ilgi- masa Q!omoya‘yéxa Légades ‘walasé. Wa, li dak‘!alaxa L!aqwa lax ‘nemodgwise. Wi, héx‘ida‘mésé ‘nemogwisé la ts!isa Llaqwa laixa gigima‘yé ‘walas. Wa, la‘mé dax“‘ideq. Wa, lazm ‘nék-Exs 15 le‘maé k‘ilxwas mop!enyag‘andla p!elxelasgem laxa L!aqwa, ‘né- k-rxs laé q!wélida. Wa, hémisé ‘nrmogwisé md‘las waldemas. Wa, gil‘mésé gwalé waldemaséxs laé hoqtiwelséda Kwaktg-ulaxa k-!és‘em neqila. Wa, héx*‘ida‘mésa gigima‘yé ‘walasé Léx’LElsaxa mosgemakwé Kwakig'ula qa lis k!tts!ns laxa Awagwase lax L!asana- 99 ‘yas gokwas. Wa, gil‘mésé ‘wilg-arlséda Kwakig-ulaxs laé gtigtiné ‘walasaxés g‘ig‘ilaxa ‘naxwa bebregwanrmaxa p!elxelasgemé. Wa, l& BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1073 The Kwag'ut did not stay there a long time. | They paid enough for the price of the copper. Then | they bought it for fourteen hundred blankets; and || after they had bought it, Yagwis (V 1) became excited again, and in the evening | he was pacified. Then he danced, wearing around his neck the thick | cedar-bark ring which carried the winter dance, and a thick head-ring of red cedar-bark, and he also | wore the bear-skin blanket while he was dancing. After | they had sung four songs for him, he was pacified. || Now he had the name ae him in marriage by K !adalagilis (IV 4). Now his name wa estiiswlag® ilis (V 1); anil after this he was no longer ed Gao (V 1);| and when he went into the sacred room, they gave away | the fourteen hundred blankets to the four Kwag’ul tribes; | and after the blankets had been given away, the Kwag'ul went out. || This was the marriage mat given by L!at!elewédzemga (IV 3) to her husband, | fourteen hundred blankets. Now | K’ !adalag‘ilis (IV 4) is going to pay the marriage debt to his brother-in-law ‘maxtlag‘ilis ([V 9) the coming winter. | That is all about this. | Now I shall answer what I have been asked by you about the late chief |*maxttyalidzé when he married Q !éx’séselas (1117), the princess of Q!timx'od (IT 8). | Q!timx’dd gave in marriage his name Q!timx’dd | to héx'‘idazm gtinase‘wa. Wé, k-!ést!a géxg'asa Kwaktig-ulaxs lie hé- faléda giina‘yé p!elxelasgem lax ics ae Lilaqwa. Wa, héx-‘ida- emésé k‘ilxwasa mop !enyag‘anala p lelxelasgem laxaL!aqwa. Wa, g‘il- «mésé gwala k-‘ilxwaxs laé xwasa ét!édé Yagwisé. Wii, li ganul‘idexs laé yalase‘wé Yagwise. Wii, gil'mésé yix¢widexs laé qenxalaxa LEkwée k:!Osenxawé L!agekwa LE‘wa LEkwé qex‘imé Llagekwa. Wai, laxaé ‘nextinalaxa Llents!pmé ‘npx‘tinatyaxs laé yixwa. Wa, g-il'mésé gwal q!emtasdsa modsgemé q!emq!emdemxs laé yalida. Wa, la- ‘mé LegadEsa Legemg: Elxtatyas K-!adalag‘ilisé. Wi, lanm Légadrs Himtsé‘stiisrlagilise. Wi, larm gwal Légadrs Yagwisé laxéq. Wii, g-ilmésé lats !alit laxa bemélats !ixs laé yax*widayowéda p!glxE- lasgemé mop!gnyag‘andla laxa mosgemak!isé Kwaktig-ula. Wa, gilimésé gwala yaqwisa p!rlxrlasgemaxs laé ‘witla hoqtiwelséda Kwaktg-ulé. Wa, héem lé*waxsés 1!an!rlewédzemga laxés litwit- nema mop!Enyag‘andla p!elxrlasgrema. Wa, lafmésé qodtex‘aLé K-ladalag‘ilisaxés q!tlésé ‘maxtilag‘ilisaxwa ts!iwtinxtéx. Wii, lamm lala laxéq. Wi, la‘mésen na‘naxmélxés wttLasE‘wos gaxeEn laxa gigima‘yolaé ‘maxtiyalidze yixs laé gpe‘ades Q!éx'sésrlas lax k-!édélas Q!im- GOCE: s VVes laflae Qlimx: Bde Léegemg’ElxLalaxés Legemé Q!timx" ode 1This is the marriage of nnaeatiog ilis, the narrator, to his second wife. 75052—21—35 ETH—PT 2 19 30 35 1 22 25 30 35 1074 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 36 his son-in-law, ‘maxtiyalidzé (II11). Then the name of ‘maxtiyalidzé || 5 was Q!imx’dd after that. Then the father-in-law (II 8) of the one who had now the name Q!timx'dd | gave property to his tribe, and then he had the name Q!timx’ Elag’ilis (11 8). | Now one of the family names of the chief Q!iimx'od (IT 8) had been given away in marriage, | for he gave hima name in marriage; for Q!timx’dd had many family names | before he had given the name Q!timx’dd to his son-in-law ‘ma- 10 xtiyalidzé. || His family names were Negi and Neg’ idzé, and | Neg éési‘lak", and Neg ig'i‘lak", and the other kind of mountain names | were Q!timx’dd, and Q!timx’rlag’ilis, and Q!timx’axelag ‘ilis; and | as soon as he had given away in marriage one of his family names, he took | another one of his family names. When he gave 15 away in marriage the name || Q!timx’dd, he gave a potlatch to his tribe, and took the other | name Q!timx'rlag‘ilis; and his numaym had no word against it, | because they were his own family names. And when the princess of Q!iimx’rlag‘ilis married again, he | could 20 give away in marriage the name Q!timx'zlag‘ilis. || He gave a pot- latch to his tribe, and took his other family name Q!iimx’axelag iis; and when he had given these three family names in marriage | — Q!tmx’dd, Q!timx'slag‘ilis, and Q!timx’axelag‘ilis—then | he had the name Neg’ a and the other family names derived from mountain. Therefore you know that I did not make a mistake when (I said that) 25 he who had the name || Q!timx’d6d and gave the name Q!iimx’dd laxés npgimpé ‘maxtiyalidze. Wa, lamm Légadé ‘maxityalidziis 5 Qlimx‘ddé laxéq. Wa, la‘laé negiimpasa la Légades Q!imx‘ddé ples‘idxés goktloté. Wa, larm Léegadrs Qltimx'rlag‘ilisé. Wi, laem ‘nEmsgEmg’Elxiale LéxLegEmélasa gigima yix Q!imx-ddée, yixs laé Legemg’rlxialaq, yixs q lenEmaé LexLEgEMélasa Q!iimx‘ddé, yixs k-!és*maé Légemg ElxLalax Q!timx'odé laxés negiimpé ‘maxt- 10 ya‘lidzé. Wa, gia‘més LéxtegEméltség'a Negi, Loe Neg-idze, Neg‘iési‘lak", Nurg-ig-i‘lak’. Wii, giac‘més ‘nemx'sa neg‘ LéLE- gemé Q!timx‘odé Lo Qlimx:Elag‘ilis LO Qliimxaxslagilis. Wa, g-ilfmésé Légemg’Elxialaxa ‘nEmsgemé 1laxés Lex~egemilé laé Lex‘étsa ‘nEmsgEemé laxés LéxLEgemile. Wa, hé‘maéxs laé Légem- 15 gplxialax Q!imx-dde. Wai, la ples‘idxés g dktlote. Wi, la ix‘édxés ‘npmsgEmé Léegemé Q!iimx‘Elag‘ilis. Wa, la k leds wal- dems ‘nE‘mémotaséq qaxs his‘maaq LéexLEgEmila. Wa, gilimése é@t!éd tatwadé k:!édétas Q!timy-glag‘ilisé, wa, li gwex” cidaasnox"*em la Légemg’elxialax Q!imx‘elag‘ilisé. Wiis, la 20 plpstidxés goktloté qa‘s ixedéexés ‘neEmé LéxLEgemilé Q!timx'Ela- gilis. Wa, g:il‘mésé ‘wi‘la la LegemgElxralaxa yudux"semé LEXLE- gemiltsé Q!timx'ddé LoS Q!timx* tlag’ lige LO® Q!timx'axelag“ilisé, laé Lex‘édes Negi LE‘wes wadkwe nanax:bala Léx_Egemila. Wai, hé‘mits lag: hes q!aielaxgin k-lésék’ Lexiéqililg'in lék néx-qéxs See pp. 1029, 1030, individual II 8. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1075 away in marriage, had the name | Q!imx'slagilis. That is all 26 about this. | Now? Ishall talk about the children of Q !timx dd (IIT 1), K ésoyak r- lis, | and Hamdzid, and the two nephews of Q!iimx’6d; Agwila (III 12) was the younger brother of Q!timx'dd. The name of the elder one |lof the children of Agwila was Hiiqrlax (IV 10), and thename of the 30 younger ala (IV 11); and the marriage of Agwila and his wife was a disgrace, | for Agwila never performed the marriage ceremony with fis wife Alak: ilayugwa (III 13). | Some men say that Alak ilayugwa was an Awik’ !@nox" woman, | and others say that she was a Gwa‘srla woman, and they are ashamed || to talk about them. This is what the Indians call an irregularly married woman, | when she just takes her husband without being formally married. | It is like the female dog and the male dog sticking together. | These children of the chief are not counted, because | their parents acted this way; and the numaym of Agwila was the || numaym of his elder brother Q!timx’dd. 40 Agwila was never treated well | by his people, because he had for his wife Alakilayugwa, and | they were not formally married; therefore his children were not well treated, for | they were a dis- grace to his elder brother Q!imx'od. Then Q!itmx’dd pitied his | two nephews; therefore he took them as his dancers. That || is all 45 about this. | 35 Légemg’Elxxalaé Qliimxddaxés Legemé Q!iimx-dde. Wii, la Légadrs 25 Q!timx'rlag‘ilise. Wa, laem gwala laxéq. ; Wa, la‘mésen gwagwex ‘s'alat lax sasemas Q!timxddé lax K- ésoya- k-glisé 1o® Himdzide Lefwa ma‘lokwé LoLalés Q!timx’dde, yix Agwila yixs tslafyaas Q!timx‘dde. Wi, 1a Legadé ‘nolast !neR- ma‘yas saseEmas Agwila yis Haqelat. Wa, li Légadé ts/a‘yiis 30 QlexLala, yixs q!pmatyaé ha‘yasrk-dlaéna‘yas Agwila LE‘wis gE- nemé qaxs héwixaé Agwila qadzéLaxés genrmé Alak- ilayugwa, yixs ‘nék'aéda wadkwée brgwanemqéxs Awik- laxsemaé Alak: ilayugwa. Wa, li ‘nekéda wadkwaqéxs Gwa‘sElaxsemaé. Labm max‘ts!a gwagwex" sala laq. Wi, hémm gweyasa bak!umé k!titexsdaxa ts!n- 35 daqé yixs wtkmaé latwadex“itsés latwtinemé k'lés qiadzéraspfwa. (Hé gwéx'sa ‘wats !’ixs klutexsdaéda ts!mdaiqé ‘wats!é Lefwa brgwa- nEmé ‘wat!sii.) Wa, héem k:!és grlokwé sasEmasa g° “igima‘yaxs hiié gwex: fidés wig‘adlnokwe. Wai, hérem ‘nE‘mémots Agwila yix ‘nE- erotics enolé Q!ltmx'ode. Wa, héem héwixarm aék-ilasd‘sés 40 g-okiiloté Agwila qaxs laé grg‘atsés genemé Alak: ilayugwa yixs k'!ésaé qadzétaq. Wa, axa k-lés aékilase‘wé sésemas qaxs Inf‘maé q!emésés ‘nolé Q!limxddé. Wai, la‘laé Q!iimx:ddé watsés ma‘lokwé Loaléya, lag‘ilas ax*édrq qa lis lax sénatas. Wa, lanm gwala laxéq. 45 1 See p. 1034, line 89. 46 50 55 60 65 iby | os 55 60 65 1076 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 Now I shall talk about my wife’s uncle, Qasnomalas (III 14) ;' | for that is his shaman’s name, for itis said that| Qasnomalas was the name among people of olden times for a great shaman; and when he had a son, | or even a daughter, the child was at once || washed in water to be purified, for they wished that when he grew up | he should be a shaman, for they wished the child to have the name Qasnomialas. | Qasnomalas the shaman never had a child, | and the name of Qasnomalas is past, because he just died this summer | while he was fishing at Rivers Inlet. || Now I shall talk about his name as chief of the | numaym Trmitemtels of the Nak!wax'da‘x" on his father’s side | which was Yaqoras (III 14), for Yaqoxas (1 5) was the father of P !asrlal. | Lalep !a- las was an yonly ene |» Petia is the mother of ee —,and her father wa ‘walas. Then Lalep le made a oils \| for shee son Plaselal. Then she gave him the name | G’ éxsé‘stalisematyé. Now he was the head chief of the numaym ‘walas. | Now he obtaimed the name G’éxsé‘stali- sema‘yé from his mother’s side; | for some chiefs of the tribes and their wives do that way. The chief and his | wife both gave a pot- latch, and their son had || one name from the father’s side and one name | from the mother’s side. This is done by couples who do not Wai, la‘mésen ewagwex's‘alal lax q!tlé*yasen genrmé Qasnomalas, yixs Légadaas laxés pixilaénetyé qaxs Légadaa‘laés g g-ilo-alisasa Leé- grmox Qasnomalaséxa ‘walasé paxila. Wa, gil*mésé xtingwa- dex“itsa babagumé Le‘wa wax*Em ts!ats!adagema laé héx‘idaem gig iltala laxa ‘wapé qa‘s q!eqrléxs lae hétak:!ox¢wida qaxs ‘nék'aé qa‘s paxilax"‘idé qaxs ‘nék‘aé qa‘s l4téxa Legemé ]ax Qasnomalasé. Wii, laclaé héwixa wiyoLéda sasem‘naktlisa Qasnomalasaxa paxila. Wa, gaxox Légems Qasnomalasde qaxs alfmaa wik-!ex‘idxwa hé- enxeéx laxés k“@Lasa Awik: !@noxwe. Wa, la‘mésen gwagwéx’s‘alal lax Légemas laxés g‘igima‘yaasa enEfmemotasa Temata eeen Nakfwax: da‘xweé mee ask !ote Ya- qoLasé qaxs hé‘maé omps P!lasrlaleé Yaqotase. Wa, la‘laé ‘nemo- xftm xtndkwé Lalep!alasé, yix abempas P!asrlalasés Ompé Lela- k-enx“idé, yixs Laxuma‘yaasa ‘nE‘mémotasa Swalasé. Wiis, li p!r- s‘idé Lalep!alasé qaés xtndkweé Plaselate. Wa, larm‘laé Léx‘edEs G-éexsé‘stalisema‘yé laq. Wa, lakm Laxumésa ‘nE‘mémotasa ‘walase. Wa, lazm g’ayanrmaxa Legemé Gexsé‘stalisema‘yé laxés ibask: !otée qaxs hé‘mae gweg- ilatsa wadkwé g‘ig" rgimesa lélqwilaLa‘tyé LEfwis crnemé; ffmaé ‘nemax“id p!eséda gigima‘yé LE‘wis genemé qa ‘nEmsgEmMés LégrEmasées xtindkwé laxes ask: ote. Wii, laxaé Légad Jaxés bask: lote. Wa, hérm hé gweg" ila hatyasek: ilaxa yax ‘stosaq 'See p. 1063, line 20. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1077 want | their names to go out of their family to their relatives together with the seats and | the privileges. | Now'! [ shall talk about Sésaxdlas (IV 8), whose father’s name had been ||Sésaxalas (III 15). And Sésaxdlas had a younger brother !aso- 7 tiwalis (IIT 11); | and Sésaxalas (III 15) had for his wife 1 !an !eqwasila (III 16), the princess of | Q!éq !px’Laladzé (II 12), chief of the numaym of the Gig*ilgim of the Gwa‘sela; | and Q!éq !px Laladzé had for his wife Ek !alalitiflak® (IT 13), and Ek’ !alaliti‘lak® was the princess of | Yaqoras (15), head chief of the numaym Q!omk’ !ut!ms. || And Sésa- 7 xalas (III 15) had a son | with his wife L!an!eqwasila (III 16), and before the boy was two | years old his father Sésaxalas died. | Then the ancestors of the Gwa‘srla wished that L!asotiwalis (III 11) should marry? | L!aL!eqwasila, the widow of his elder brother Sésaxilas (111 15). And when |jhe married L!an!eqwasila (III 16), he gave the marriage presents to her son; and | then the son of L!aL!eqwasila gave a potlatch with the marriage gifts paid for his mother. | Then his name was Sésaxalas (IV 8), the name of his dead father, and | he gave an oil feast. Now his name was also Kwax’sé‘stala (IV 8), the | name of his uncle i !asdtiwalis (III 11); for his feast name was || Kwax'sé‘stala. Now the name Kwax’sé‘stala was given in marriage by | Q!éq!ex'Laladzé (II 12) to his son-in- law L!asotiwalis. Then | L!asdtiwalis (III 11) treated his nephew Sésaxalas (IV 8) like his own son, and he gave him the feast lalts!4wés LéLEgEme laxés LéLELAla LESwis LéLaxwa‘yeé Lewes k°!e- k:!ns*6. Wii, la‘mésen gwagwex's‘alat lax Sésaxdlas, yix's Ayadaasa Légado- tas Sésaxdlasé. Wi, li ts!atyanokweé Sésaxdlaswitlas L!asdtiwalise. 7 Wi, li grg-adé Sésaxdlaswtilas L!an!eqwasila k-!édélas Q!éq!ex'La- ladzé, yixs g‘igima‘tyaasa ‘ne‘mémotasa Gvig‘ilgimasa Gwa‘sela. Wa, li grgadé Qléq!ex‘Laladzis Bk-alalilitlak", yixs k!édétae ik: alaliti‘lakwas Yaqoras Laxuma‘yasa ‘nE‘mémotasa Q!omk:!u- timsé. Wa, larm‘lawise xtingwadé Sésaxdlaswtlasa babagumé LE‘wis gEnEmé L!aL!eqwasila. Wa, k:!és‘em‘lawisé ma‘tenxé ts!a- wtinxasa babagumaxs laé wik'!mx‘idés oOmpdé Sesaxdlase. Wa, héex‘idarm‘lawisa g‘aliisa Gwa‘snla ‘néx: qa kwaldsés L!asotiwalisax L!aL!eqwasila lax genkmasés ‘nolax'dé Sésaxdlasdé. Wa, gil*mésé 67 10/2) 0 re 67 75 qadzétax L!an!eqwasila, yixs hé‘maé ts!ewedé xtindkwas. Wa, 80 héx*‘ida‘mésé xtinokwas L!aL!Eqwasila p!Es‘itsa qadzéLEmax ibem- pas. Wa, la‘mé Légades Sésaxdlas yix LégEmasés 6mpdé. Wa, la klwé‘las‘itsa Lléna. Wa, larmxaé Légades Kwax'sé‘stala, yix Légemasés q!iiléyé L!asdtiwalisé qaxs hé‘maé k!wéladzexiiydse Kwax'sé‘stala. Wi, lampm tLégemg-relxiat‘yé Kwax'sé‘stala, yis 85 Qleq!exLaladzé laxés negtimpé L!asdtiwalisé. Wai, lii xwayEnx’sila L!asotiwalisaxés Lolé‘yé Sésaxalas qa lis k!wé‘ladzexrilax 1 See p. 1057, line of. ‘ :According to the levirate custom. 1078 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (PTH. ANN. 35 88 name | Kwax'sé‘stala. Then he was the head chief of the numaym Sisent !é | in the seat of 1 !asdtiwalis (IIT 11), for i !asotiwalis treated 90 Sésaxalas like his own son; || for L!asdtiwalis (IIT 11) had no child of his own. | L!an!eqwasila had only one child. | Now Sésaxalas was the prince of i !asdtiwalis. Then Sésaxalas married my (present) wife, and he was given in marriage the name | Kwaxilanokum. Then my wife, this || i !aleyig’ilis (IV 3), gave much oil to her husband | Sésaxa- las as a marriage present, and at the same time the feast name Kwa- x‘ilandkum. | Then Sésaxdlas gave a feast with the oil to his tribe, the | Gwa‘sela, to the two numayms, Gig ilgim and the | Q!omk’ !u- 100 t!es; for the numaym of Sésaxdlas (IV 8) were the Sisrn !é*, || and Sésaxdlas was the head chief of the numaym | Siseni!e*. Next to his seat was the seat of L!asotiwalis (III 11), | next to the seat of his elder brother SésaxdAlas (III 15). Then Sésaxdlas had also a seat | in the numaym Sisenx !é. Then Sésaxalas had two | feast names in his numaym || Siseni!é*. He had the name Kwax sé‘stala, when he was made to give afeast | by his uncle i !asotiwalis (III 11); and by his wife when his wife gave him [oil at the time of their marriage, he was given the feast name Kwax‘ilandkum. Next L!asotiwalis (III 11) died, | and immediately Sésaxalas gave a potlatch. Then | Sésaxalas 10 had also the name L!asotiwalis. Now Sésaxalas had two seats, || his own and that of L!asotiwalis. TI think that is all about this. | 95 oS o 88 Kwax'se‘’stala. Wa, larzm‘laé Laxumésa ‘nESmémotasa SisEeni!é lax Laxwafyas L!fsdtiwalise, qaxs Ile*mae L!asdtiwalisé xwa- 90 yenx’silax Sésaxalasé qaxs k-leisaé tlanawaées xtmodx's L!a- sotiwalise. Wa, laxaé ‘niwabrwe xtindx's L!an!eqwasila. Wi, lanm Liwelgima‘yé Sésaxdlasas L!asotiwalise. Wi, la grg-adex*‘idé Sésaxdlasasg‘in genpmk. Wii, lak Léegemg’Elxialax Kwax'i- landkum lax Sesaxdlasé. Wa, larm lag‘in genemk: yixg'a Lialyigilis wawadzesa q!en—Eme Liéena_ laxes ta*wtinemé Sésaxflas qa ‘nema‘nakilotsa k!we‘ladzexiiyo Legeme Kwax‘ilano- kumé. Wii, larm‘laé Sésaxdlasé k!we‘las‘itsa Liléna laxés g:dkilota Gwas‘sela laixa ma‘itsemak !tisé ‘nal'ne‘méemasaxa Grigilgimé Leswa Q!omk:!ut!rsé qaxs hié ‘ne‘memots Sésaxdlaswitta Sisent!atyé, 100 Wii, hé*més Lax"ste*weésds Sésaxdlasa Laxuma‘yé lixés ‘nE‘memota Sisrnu!afyé. Wa, li miag‘apla‘yé Laxwa‘yas L!asotiwalisé lax Laxwa‘yasés ‘nololé Sésaxdlaswiite. Wi, hé‘mis la Laxwés Sésaxa- lase lixaaxés ‘nESmémota Sisenu!afyé. Wii, larm ma‘itsemé Légn- mas Sésaxdlasé Jaxa k!wé‘ladzexniyo Légem 1laxés ‘ne‘mémota Sisenvlatyé. Wii, laem Légadrs Kwax'sé‘stala, yixs laé k!wélasa- matsosés q!tiléyé L!asdtiwalise. Wii, la wawadzrso‘sés genemasa Liena. Wa, li k!wéfladzexniilax Kwax‘ilandkumé. Wai, li wik:!- x‘idé Llasotiwalisdé. Wii, héx*fida‘mésé p!es‘idé Sésaxdlase. Wi, lagmxaé Léegadé Sésaxdlasas L!asotiwalisé. Wii, lazm ma‘lox"saleé 10 Sésaxdlasé 16° L!asdtiwalisé. Wi, lax’st!aax"*em ‘wi'la laxéq. or or “oAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 1079 Now' I shall talk about Q!timx’ 6d (IV 4) and why he had the name | K’ !Adalag ilis (IV 4) ; for Q !ttmx’ dd married the niece of the chief | of the numaym G' éxsem of the Nak!wax'da*‘x", whose name was Wayats!6- litlak» (IV 12), | the daughter of i !aqwag’ilayugwqa (III 17) the sister of Séwid (III 18), || head chief of the numaym G*éxsrm; but the father of Wayats !oliflak" was a Gwa‘srla | whose name was K !waélask in (III 19), head chief of the | numaym Q!dmk’ !ut!es of the Gwa‘srla. Therefore | Séwid had Wayats!ohi‘lak® for his princess, because | K !waélask'in died early, when Wayats !oti‘lak" (IV 12) was a young child. || Séwid took her for his princess, because he had no daughter. When Wayats !oli‘lak" was grown up, Q!iimx’dd | asked her in mar- riage from her uncle Séwid. Then Q!timx‘dd was accepted. | Then Q !timx' dd married Wayats !oli‘lak" | from her uncle Sewid. And Séwid gave a copper as a marriage present to || Q !timx’ dd, and Sewid gave him in marriage the name K’ !adalag’ilis. | Q!timx’dd at once sold the cop- per. And when | the copper, whose name was Angwala, was sold, three | thousand blankets were the price of the copper. It was Bought by Lelak'inx*‘id, | chief of the numaym Ts!éts!eméleqrla. Then Q!iimx'6d || gave a potlatch with the blankets to the five numayms of | the Nak!wax'da‘x"; that is, besides to the Eagles, to the numayms G’ésxsem, | Siseni!é*, Temitrmizls, and eee The | num- Wii, la‘mésrn gwagwex's‘alal lax Q!timx: ade, As lagilas LégadEs K-ladalag‘ilis, yixs laé grg-adex“idé Q!imxdodi Lolégasas gigima- ‘yasa ‘nE*mémota G'exsemasa Nak!wax'da‘x"xa Légadiis Wayats !oli- ‘lak", yix ts!edaqé xtindx"s L!aqwag‘ilayugwa, yix weq!wiis Séwide, yix LAaxuma‘yasa ‘nE‘mémotasa’ GéxsEm. Wii, lata Gwa‘selé ompas Wayats!oli‘lax"xa Légadiis K!waélaskin, yix Laxuma‘yasa ‘nk‘mé- motasa Q!omk:!ut!esasa Gwa‘srla. Wa, ga‘més lag‘ilasa g-igit- ma‘yé Séwidé g-ax k‘!édades Wayats!dliflak", yixs geyotaé wik: !wx‘- édé K!waélask-in‘dtaxs hé‘maé alés g‘ininemé Wayats!oli‘lakwe. Wi, lazm aix‘edé Sewidii qa‘s k:!édéla qaxs k'!eAsaé ts!edaq xtind- kwa. Wii, gilfmésé éxent!edé Wayats!oli‘lakwaxs laé Q!timx'ddé g-ayala lax q!tle‘yase Sewide. Wii, héx-‘ida*méseé Q!timxddé daéie- ma. Wa, héx‘ida‘mésé Q!timx'odé qadzétax Wayats!dliflakwe laxés q!tlefyé Sewide. Wii, la Sewideé siyabalasa L!aqwa lax Q!itim- xodé. Wi, li Légemg: nixiala Séwidiix K:!Adalagilis lax Q!tim- x'ddé. Wii, héx-‘ida‘mésé Q!itimx‘ddé laxddxa Llaqwa. Wai, g-ilfmésé k hewasneweda Llaqwaxa Legadiis Angwila, yixs yudux"p!mnaé lox- sEmx"‘id p!rlxElasgemé k* flwafyixa Llaqwa, yis Lelak-inx‘ide, yix gigima‘yasa ‘ne‘mémotasa Ts!éts!eméleqrla. Wa, la‘mé Q!imx:od piastetsa p!elxplasgemé laixa sek'!asommak!iisé ‘nal*ne‘mémasasa Nak!wax'datxwéxa ogti‘la laxa kwekwekwéxa ‘nE‘mémotasa G-éxsem LEfwa Besuue LEfwa Enettiomabsls LESwa Kwalkig: ule, yixs ‘nE&mé- 1 See f p. 1063, line 23, 11 15 20 25 30 11 15 20 25 30 40 33 b pad = i) 1080 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 aym of Q!tiimx'd6d was ‘walas. Then-Q!timx’dd took at the potlatch the name K’ !Adalag’ilis. | And these were the family names of Sewid: || K !adoqa, K !adé, and K’ !adé‘stala, and also the name given in marriage to | Q!imx'dd, K !Adalag’ilis. Now Séwid had given one | of his family names to the husband of his niece Wayats !0- tiflak®. | 1 think that is all about this. | (Eagle and head chief are those who eat the long cinquefoil roots. || Common people, low people, and speakers are those who | eat short cinquefoil roots.) History or THE DzEnDzZENX’Q!AYO Now, I will talk about the chief of the numaym Dzrndzrnx’- q!ayo, |who was called ‘max'mrEwisagremé® (II 1), when he went to marry | Leyalagilayugwa (II 2), the princess of Qlaéd (1 1), head chief | of the Awit !@drx, the head tribe of the Bellabella. || The ancestors of the numaym Dzrndzenx’q !ayo went to get her in marriage; | and after they got her in marriage by (paying) fifty dressed elk-skins— | for they were married at once when they arrived at the beach of the house of the | one whose daughter he was to marry—when the elk-skins had been put ashore out of the | madadaé Q!iimx'ddiisa ‘walasé. Wa, lamm Légades K-!adalag‘ilis yix Qlimx’6dé lixés p!ksaé. Wa, gatmés LéextEgemélts Sewidég'a K-ladoqa Lo! K-!adé 16* K-ladéstala; wai, hé*misé la Legemg'Elxiés, yix K-!Adalag‘ilis lax Qtimx-odé. Wii, lafmé ‘nemsg‘emg‘elxalé LexLEgemélas Séwide lax la‘wtinkrmasés Lolégasé Wayats!oli‘lakwe. Wai, lax'st!aax‘tim ‘witla lixéq. (Kwek", 0gumé*, xamagemeé, Laxume’, gigimes giistarm ha‘mapxa Laxabalisé. Begwanrmg lala, begitide, begwaba‘ye, a‘yilk", ¢aistarm ha‘mapxa t!ex"s6s.) History oF THE DzZENDZENX’Q!AYO Wii, la‘mésen gwagwex's‘alal lax gigima‘yas ‘ne‘mémisa DzEn- dzpnx’q layowéxa Légadii ‘max'mEwisagema‘yé yixs laé gagak: !ax“‘i- dex Leyalagtilayugwa lax k-!édélas Q!laéd, yixs xamagema‘yaé gigimésa Awin!édexwé, yisa xamagEma‘yasa Héldzacqwe. Wii, lafmé ‘wil'wilg'ité la qadzéiéda g:alisa ‘ne‘mémiisa DzendzEnx’q !a- yowe. Wii, gil’mésé gwala qadzéxiisa alag‘imaxs sek: !ax’sokwaé yixs héx*fidafmaé qadzilédexs g'ilaé lagalis lax L!ema‘isas g‘Okwasés qidzérédée. Wa, gil‘mésé ‘witloltaweda alag'iime qadzérem laxa qadzéats!é@ xwaxwik!imaxs laé q!wag-arnlséda mokwe lax Ayil- Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1081 marriage canoe, four of the speakers || of Q!laéd (I 1) arose and invited the chief and his crew to come | and eat in his house; and he »and eat with his son-in-law. When they were all in, | the people who came to get the chief’s daughter in marriage began to eat. After they had eaten, | the four speakers of Chief Q!aéd (1 1) arose and told || the tribe that Q!aéd (I 1) was going to give the box with his privileges to his | son-in-law, namely, the cannibal dance, the tamer of the cannibal-dancer, the rattle, and the | rich-woman, and also the fire dance, all of which were in the box of privileges; | for, indeed, they kept in the privilege-box the | neck- rings of red cedar-bark, the head-rings of red cedar-bark, the leg- rings, || and the wrist-rings of red cedar-bark, and also the rattle of the cannibal-tamer. | Then they took the privilege-box out of the bed- room. It was brought out | by the cannibal-dancer of Q!aéd (I 1). He carried it, for it was given in marriage | to ‘max’ mpwisagrmé (11 1), and the names of the four | privileges were also given. Thename of the cannibal-dancer was Q!iidanats !@, || and the name of the rich- woman dancer was Q!4minawagis, and the name | of the cannibal- tamer was Ts liiqixelas, and the name of the fire-dancer was | Xwa- dzés; and then the privileges-box was given to | ‘max’ mEwisagemé: (II 1) by his father-in-law (1 1), and also the secular names | Q !wél- taak® and Doqtlisrla. That is the number of names || given to kwas Qlaéd qa‘s Lelwiltodéxa gigima‘yé Lewis léenloté ga lis éwitlosdésa qa‘s lii L!exwa lax g'okwas. Wi, laemxaawisé ixk lalaxés g Oktloté qa liis k!waméla laxés negtimpé. Wa, gilfmeésé la ‘wi- ‘laéLexs laé L!exwilagila qadzeLeLEla. Wi, g‘il'mésé gwalalétexs laé Lax‘tlilé mokwé ayilx¥sa gigima‘tyé Q!aéd. Wa, la‘mé néla- xés gOkiilotaxs Infmaé laré Q!aédisés k-!és‘owats!@ gildas laxés negiimpéxa hamats!a Letwa hélik‘larela Lewis yadEné LEfwa q!aminaiwagis. Wa, hé‘mistéda nonitse‘stalalé gits !Axa k: !és‘owats !é gildasa, yixs léx-afmé ala g‘iyimts!axa k'!és‘owats!é gildasa 1/!é- Liagek!ixawa‘yé Lefwa Lietlagektimatye LEfwa Lin legex’stdaatye LESwa LlaL!ngEx"tslana‘ye. Wii, hé‘misa yadrnasa hélek‘ilatela. Wa, Ja‘mé ax‘étsE'wéda k: !ésfowats !6 g'ildas lixa Ots !Alilé qa‘s g-axé daax's hamats!iisa gigima‘yé Qlaédé. Wai, li dalax’simmgéxs laé@ lak: !i- galem Jax ‘max'mEwisagema‘y€ LE*wa LeLEgEmasa moOx‘widala ie 'ék:!esfowa. Wii, hémis Légemsa hamats!@ Q!idanats!e. Wa, hé‘mis Légemsa q !Amindwagis Q!aminawagis. Wa, hé*mis Légrm- sa hélik‘ilatelé Ts!iqixelase. Wa, hé'mis Legemsa nonitsé stalalé Xwadzés. Wii, la‘mé layowéda k lésfowats!e g'ildas lax ‘max-- MEWisagEMa‘yasés negtimpé. Wai, hé‘misa baxtisé Légrma, yix Q!wéltaak" 16° Doqiilisela. Wa, hémm ‘waxaatsa LéLegemé gaxyo lax ‘max’mEwisagema‘yé yisés nEgiimpé Q!aéde. ‘Wi, 10 15 25 30 40 45 50 35 40 45 50 1082 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [WTH. ANN. 35 ‘max’ mEwisagemé® (II 1) by his father-in-law, Q!aéd (1 1). | Now ‘max’ mEwisagemé (II 1) had the privilege-box, and the | names for the winter dance, and the secular names; and when | the speakers stopped speaking, ‘max’mEwisagemé® (II 1) expressed his thanks | for the privilege-box and the secular names; || and when he stopped speaking, the carved posts of the house were given to him | by his father-in-law, Q!aéd (I 1). Now the house was given by Q!aéd (I 1) to | ‘max’mEwisagemé® (II 1); and when the speaker stopped speaking, the | Bellabella went out. | Now, ‘max'merwisagrmé® (II 1) lived with his Bellabella || wife. ‘max’ MEwisagemé: (IT 1) was left by his | numaym the Dzendzenx- q!ayo when they went home, and | ‘max’mEwisagemé* (II 1) just continued to visit his people with his | Bellabella wife at Ts lide, for that is where the DzendzEnx'q !ayo lived. | Now ‘max mEwisagrem é (II 1) staid for a long time with the Bellabella. || He had two sons and two | daughters. The name of the eldest son was | Lavélix !a (IIT 1); and the next one was a girl, who was named | K’anélk’as (III 2); and the third one was a girl, whose name was | L!aqwaet (III 3); and the youngest one was a boy, whose name was Gwen (III 4). || And when Lavélit !a (III 1) and K’anétk’as (IIT 2) were grown up, | ‘max mEwisagemé’ (II 1) and his two children, | Lavélin !a (IIT 1) and K‘anélk'as (III 2) went home; and he left behind his wife and | his la‘mé liné ‘max'mEwisagema‘yaxa k-!és‘owats!@ giildasa LE‘wa LéLegemeé Jax ts!éts!eqa Le*wa baxtise LeteEgema. Wa, gil‘mese q !wel idéda &‘yilkwaxs laé momelk:lale emax" mEwisagEma‘yasa k-!ék:!ms‘6wats!é gildasa LESwa baxtidzExXLayOwé LeéLEgema. Wai, eg ilfmésé q!wélKidexs laé ‘wila layowéda k !éx'k-!adzekwé g'dk" laxaaq yisés npgiimpée Q!aede. Wa, la‘me g-oktitxre Qlaédé lax ‘max'mEwisagEma‘yé. Wi, g‘ilfmése q!welidéda elkwaxs laé hoqt- welséda HéldzaSqwé. Wa, la‘mé ‘max'mEwisagema‘ye ha‘yasEk-ala LE‘wis Héldza‘q !wax- spemé genEma. Wa, lapm lowaLeme ‘max'meEwisagema‘yasés ‘nE*mémotaxs g'axaé nicnakwéda Dzendzenx'q!ayowe. Wii, &*mésé ‘max’ ee enece ae hésmrnatakm g*ax bagtns LEfwes Héldza- fl lwaxsrmé genrm lax Ts!idé qaxs hé'maé g-dkiilatsa Dzendzenx’- qlayowé. Wa, li giila hélé ‘max‘mewisagema‘ya Héldza‘qwe. Wa, la‘mé cnet Ma ma‘lokwé babrbaguma hé*mésa ma‘lokwé ts!ats!@dagema. Wai, la‘mé Léegadéda endlast !pgema‘yé babagums LaLélit!a. Wa, bémés mak-ilaqéda ts!ats lndagemagé Legadiis K-anélkasé. Wa, hé‘miséda q!aya‘yé ts!its!edagema Legadiis 1!a- qwael. Wi, li Ama‘inxa‘ya babagumeé Legadis Gwénawe. Wa, gil'mésé hatyatak:!ox*widé Larélin!a Lo* K-anélk‘asaxs g“a- xaé niifnakwé ‘max'mEwisagema‘ye LE‘wa ma‘lokwé sasEms, yix Lavélin!a LO® K-anélkase. Wa, la‘me lowaLasés geneEmé LE‘wa BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1083 two children, —Gwén6 (III 4), the third boy; | and the younger girl, his daughter, L !aqwaét (II1 3). They || were going to stay with their mother among the Awit !édex. | Then ‘max’ mEwisagemé (II 1) went home with his two children, taking along his privilege-box, every kind of |food, and two expensive coppers. Léta and Sea-Lion, | for these were the names of the two coppers. When || they arrived at Ts!adé, they were called in by their tribe in the evening. | It was nearly winter-time when they arrived. After having eaten, | they all went out, and then his tribe went to eat with him. | When all had gone out, ‘max’ mEwisagemé* (II 1) sent his two | speakers to ask the chiefs of his numaym || DzendzEnx'q !ayo to come into the house of ‘max’mEwisagemé to a secret meeting; | and when all the men and the women were asleep, | when it was past midnight, the four chiefs | of the DzendzEnx’q !ayo came in,—Himotelasd*, Q!imlédndl, | and Wadzé, and _ also YaqoLas,—and when all were seated, || they were told by ‘max’- meEwisagemé® (II 1) that he was going to give a winter dance in | winter with all the kinds of food that he had brought in his canoe, and | the two coppers; and then his prince | Lavélin!a (IIT 1) was to disappear to be a cannibal-dancer; and his daughter | K’anéltkas ma‘lokwe laxés sasEmé yix Gwénawéxa q!aya‘tyé babaguma, wi, hé'misLés imayadza‘yé ts!ats!sdagem xtindkwe L!laqwaele. Wai, la- ‘mé héx‘siinml lida Awit!édexwe Lewis AbEempé. Wa, gax‘mésLa ‘max’mEwisagema‘yé LE‘wis ma‘lokwé sisem malaxa k-!és*owats!é g‘ildasa LE‘wa ‘naxwa qa‘’s gwéx’sdema_ hé- madmasé LE‘wa maltsemé Iéla®xitla Llan!eqwa yix Léta LO Mawa- k'la qaxs héfmaé LétegEmsa ma‘itsemé L!aL!eqwa. Wii, g-il’mésé lig'an lax Tsliidix lae héx‘‘idarm ralé‘lalasosés g-Oktilotaxa dza- qwiisés lag-alisdpméxa la Elaq ts!iwitnxa. Wii, gil‘mésé gwal ha‘ma- pexs laé hoqitwelsa Le‘wa g‘ixé k!waméleq yix gdktilotaseq. Wai, gil’mésé ‘wilfwtilsax laé ‘max*mEwisagema‘yé ‘yalaqasa ma‘lokwe laxés iyilkwé, qa lis SwabrnoLemaxa g'igigima‘yasés ‘ne‘mémotéda DzrndzEenx’q!ayowé, qa g‘ixés ‘wi‘la lax g'dkwas ‘max'mEWwisagE- ma‘yé, qo lat ‘witla méx‘idia ‘naxwa bébegwanrm LE‘wis ts!édaqé. Wi, gil‘mésé la gwat negég’exs g’axaé hogwireda mokwée gig-Ega- ma‘yasa DzendzEenx'q!ayowé, yix Hamotelase‘we 10° Q!timlédnole Lo’ Wadzé; wii, héf‘misé Yaqotasé. Wii, gil’mésé ‘nixwa k!tis‘a- litexs laé nélté ‘max‘mEwisagema‘yaxs |pSmaé yiwix‘ilalxa ts!a- witnxé yisés mfiya ‘nixwa dgtiq!émas hémadmasa. Wa, hé‘misa ma‘itsEmé L!an!eqwa; wi, hé'miséxs In‘maé x‘is‘idLé Lawnlgima- ‘yas, yix Lavélin'a, yixs himats!éré; wii, hé‘misa ts!ats!edagemé xtt- nox"sé K-anétkasaxs le‘maé x‘is‘idel lixés q !Aminawagisére. Wi, 55 60 65 70 53 55 65 70 1084 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 75 (III 2) was to disappear to be a rich-woman dancer; || and after he had spoken, ravélit!a (II] 1) disappeared when it was nearly day- light; | and in the evening disappeared the girl K’anélk'as (III 2), who was to be a | rich-woman dancer. Then he took two young men from | among the nearest relatives, who were to disappear on the following day, to be a | fire-dancer and a cannibal-tamer. Now | 80 ‘max'mrwisagemes (II 1) gave a winter dance to his tribe with what he received in marriage from the | Awit!édex of the Bellabella. Now he had the first cannibal-dancer | and rich-woman dancer and fire-dancer and cannibal-tamer. | After he had given his winter dance, he changed the name of Lavélit!a (III 1); and his | cannibal name was Ql!iidanats!é; and the rich-woman dancer name of 85 K’anétk'as (III 2) was || Q!aminawagiis; and the name of the fire- dancer was Xwadzés; | and the name of the cannibal-tamer was Ts !iqixelas. Thus | the Bellabella dances and names came first to the Kwakiutl. | Then he woed the princess of Lalak ots!a (II 3), the head chief | of the Temitmmtnls, one of the numayms of the Mamalé- 90 Jeqala, || for Lanélin!a (III 1); for now he had changed his name for his secular name, and | his name was now Doqiilisrla (I11 1). The name of the princess of LalakdOts!a (Il 3) was Lelendzewék é (III 5). | Now he had her for his wife; and | Dédqiiliisrla (III 1) had not been married long to her when they had a boy. | They called him 95 Pengwéd (IV 1). This name was obtained || from his father-in-law 75 gilfmésé gwale waldemaséxs laé xis*idé Lavelit!ixa la Blax ‘nax‘ida. Wii, li dzaqwaxs laé x‘is‘idéda ts!ats!edagemé yix K-anélk‘aséxa qlaminaiwagiséré. Wii, lafmé ax‘édxa ma‘lokwé ha‘yalaé g:ayol laxés max'meEgilé LeLELala, qa x‘is‘idaxa liixat! ‘nax‘ida, qa nonl- tséstalala Le‘wa hélekilavelixa hamats!a. Wa, la‘mé yawixi- go lalé ‘max*mewisagematyé qaés g‘dkiilotasés gmg'adanmme lixa Awit!édexwasa Hé‘ldza‘qwé. Wi, la‘mé himdzadasa g‘alé hamats!a, LE'wa q!iminiwagisé, Le‘wa nonitsé‘stalala, Le’wa hélékilavola. Wai, gil'mésé gwalexs yiwix‘ilaé, laé L!ayoxtayé LaLélin!a. Wa, la‘mé himdzexnilax Qlidanats!é. Wa, laxaé K-anélk-asé q!Aminiwagr- 85 dzpxiiilax Q!aminawagisé. Wi, laxaé Légadéda nonitsée‘stalatas Xwa- dzésé. Wii, hé‘misial Légumsa hélik‘ilacelé Ts!iqixelasée. Wa, héem gil gax lélétsa Hé‘tdza‘qwé, Lefwa LéLegemé laxa Kwag-ule. Wa, latmé gayox'witsp‘we k lédélas Lalak-dts!iixa xamagema‘yé g‘igi- mésa Trmitemielséxa ‘nemsgemakwé ‘ne:mémot laxa Mamaléleqila, 90 qa Larélinta, yixs lm‘maé Llayoxriixat! laxa baxtisé. Wa, lazem Légadgs Doqitilisrla, yixs Légadaé k-!édela Lalak-dts!iis Lelendze- weké. Wii, la‘mé geg'adex“its. Wii, k!ést!a gila la hiyasrk-dla Dogqiilispliixs laé xtingwadex“itsa babagtimé. Wa, héx-‘ida‘mése Léx‘ides Pengwédé laxés xtindkwe. W4A, la‘mé g’iyanrmaxa Lé- 95 geme 1laxés ‘negtimpe lax Mamaléléxk-!ot!enafyasés xtindkwe. ae eee ee BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1085 on the Mamaléleqila side for their son. | Then they had another child, a girl, and she was called | Meléd (IV 2). Then they had another child, a girl, | who had the name Mrenlédaas (IV 3); and they had another child, | a boy, who was named Laq !nyos (IV 4). || Lalakots!a (II 3) gave these names to his shn-in-law Doqtiliszla (III 1) to be the | names of his children. Now the marriage debt was paid by Lalak’ ots !a (II 3) to Doqtiliisela (IIT 1); | and he gave as privi- leges to his son-in-law the speaker’s dance, and the great dance from above, | and the war-dance, and the double-headed-serpent dance; and the name of the | speaker’s dance was AOmalal; and the name of the great dance from above, || Nong’ axtaésyé; and the name of the war-dance, ‘wilenkilag‘ilis; | and the name of the double-headed- serpent dance was ‘wax'sgemlis. And the secular | name of Doqtli- skEla (III 1) was now ‘walas Kwax ilanoktimé:, | and (those mentioned before) were the names of his children. Then he | went back to his tribe at Ts !idé, and that winter he gave a winter dance. || He used the names which he had received in marriage from Lalak ots !a (II 3) | for his children; and thus the names of the Mamaléleqila came to the | Dzendzenx’q!ayo, and the winter dances. This is all about the | Bellabella and the Mamaléleqala. | Now I will talk about K’anétk'as (III 2). She || married the chief of the Qlomoya‘yé, Yiiqok!walag’ilis (III 6). | He received the house Wi, laxaé ét!ed xtingwadex‘‘itsa ts!ats!edagemé. Wa, laf‘mésé Léx‘é- des Melédé lag. Wa, laxaé ét!éd xtingwadex“itsa ts!ats!ndagemé. Wa, laxaé Légadex*‘idés Mentédaasé. Wa, laxaé xtingwadEx“itsa bibagtimé. Wa, li Léx‘éts Laq!eydsé lag. Wii, lafmé héx:simé Lalak-dts!a ts!fsa LeLegemeé laxés negtimpe Doqtilisela, qa LéLE- gemsés sasEmé. Wa, la‘mé qodtex‘idé Lalak‘dts!ix Ddoqiiliisela. Wa, lame k-!és‘ogtilxnalaxa haiyaq!entelalé, Lefwa ‘walas‘axaa- kwé, LE‘wa tox‘widé, Le‘wa sisEytrelale; wii, hé‘mis LégEmsa hiyaq!entelale, Admalale; wi, hé‘mis Légremsa ‘walas‘axaakwe Nong ixté*yé; wi, hé‘mis Legemsa tox‘wide ‘wilrnktilag‘ilise; wi, hé'mis Légemsa sispyULelalé ‘wax'sgemlisé; wii, héfmis baxtis LéLE- gemsé, yix Dogqtiliisrla. Wa, larm Legades ‘walasé Kwax‘iland- ktima‘tye. Wa, hémis Légemas sisemas. Wai, lazmxaé g-ax nifnakwa laxés g‘dktilasé lax Ts!id@. Wii, la‘mé yiiwix‘ilaxa la ts!iwtinxa. Wa, la‘mé Leéex‘étsa LéLegemg’Elxia‘fyas Lalak-‘dts!a laxés sisemé. Wi, g’ix‘mé LéLegemasa Mamaléleqila laxa Dzen- dzenx'q!ayowe LE‘wa leélédiisa tsléts leqa. Wa, lamm gwal laxa Hétdzatqwé Le‘wa Mamaléleqila. . Wii, laf‘mésren é@dzaqwal gwagwex's‘alal lax K-anétkasaxs laé latwadex‘id lixa Q!omoya‘ye yis gtigima‘yasé Yiaqok!walag*tlise. Wii, laf‘mé liyowéda g‘okwe laq, LEfwa hamats!a, LEéwa hélik-t- 96 100 5 10 100 5 17 i) ou 17 20 25 30 1086 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 and the cannibal dance, and the cannibal-tamer | dance, and the rich-woman dance, and the fire-dance, and the names; | and there- fore the Q!omoyafyé have Bellabella names. | This is all about the Q!omoya‘yé; for Yiiqok!walag'ilis (III 6) had only one || child with Kanétk'as (III 2), a boy, who was named | Porrlas (IV 5). He received the name from Doqitlisrla (II 1). | K’anétk'as (III 2) did not stay long with Yiiqok!walag'ihs (III 6), who | was chief of the numaym Yaéx'agemé® of the Q!omoya‘ye. | Now I will talk about Doqitlisrla (III 1), who next || took for his wife the princess of the chief of the Ts !éts !rlwalagimé®, | a numaym of the Nimkish—tax'Lelidzemga (III 7), the princess of | L!aqoras (II 4). They had a boy, who received the name | Yaqoras (IV 6); and they had another child, Pengwéd (IV 7). As soon as | he began to grow up, Yaqoxas (IV 6) naaeeiod the princess (LV 8) of || Hamish? E- nis (III 8), chief of the Gig'ilgim of the Nimkish. Now | Yaqoras’s (IV 6) name was Doqwiyis, for he changed his name. Now the marriage debt was paid to | Doqwayis (IV 6) by Hamisk Enis (IIT 8). Then he gave him the names | A‘mawiyus and K° !4dé for his secular names, and Linalag‘ilis for the | hamshimts!ms-dance, and G'igi- méq !dtela for the great-fool dance, || and ‘wilenkitlag’ilis for the war- dance, and Nenq !olrla for the | great-bear dance. These were his four names for the winter dance. | Now they changed the name of latela, LESwa q!4miniwagasé, LESwa nonitse‘stalalé, LeSwis LeLE- gemé. Wi, hé‘mis lagtila HéIdza‘q !walé LeLEgemasa Q!omoya‘yé. Wi, lammxaé gwal laxa Q!omoya‘yé, qaxs ‘neEmodx"*maé xtinodx- ‘widiis Yiiqok!walag- ilisé lax K-anétk'aséxa babagtiméxa LégadEs Porelasé. Wi, lanmxaé hérm gvayola Légemé Doqtilisela, yixs Lomaeé ‘nEmal‘id lafwadé K-anélk-asas Y sagdecine jlisé, yixa gigi- mafyasa Yaéx"agEma‘yasa Q!omoya*ye. : Wa, la‘mésren gwagwex's‘ex“idel lax Doqtiliselaxs, laé gaga- k-lexfid lax k ledoien gigima‘yasa Ts!éts!nlwalagima‘yasa ‘nE- ‘méemoté laxa ‘nemgésé, yix Lax’Lelidzemga, yixs k:!édélaas L!a- qotase. Wai, la cinewadiex: ‘Ttsa babagiime, yixa Légadis Yaqo- tase. Wa, laxaé etlad xtingwadex ‘its ‘Eames. Wii, gilfmésé qitlyax*widé YaqoLasaxs ie geg'adex“itsa k:!édélas Hamisk-r- nisé, gigima*yasa Gig: flewetaae Temgeése. Wi, larm Légadé Yaqorasas Doqwiyisaxs laé Llayox1i. “Wa, lafmé qotéx“‘itsEswe Doqwiyisas Hamisk-Enisé. Wa, la‘mé Légemg‘elxralasa yisox A‘ma- wiyuse Lo’ K-!4dé laxa baxtisé. Wa, ie Lépadns Linalag‘ilisé laxa himshimts!nsé; wi hé‘mis G-igiméq !olrla ‘laxa ‘walasé nutemala. Wi, hé‘mis ‘wilenktilag‘ilise laxa tdx‘widé 1o* Nenq!dtela laxa ‘walasé nana. Wi, lazem LeLEgEms laxa ts!éts!eqaxa mdsgEmé Létegema. Wii, la‘mé L!ayoxtatyé Lax‘LElidzemgis ‘nafnEmp !En- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1087 Lax LElidzemga (IV 8) to ‘natneEmp!Eng ilayugwa (IV 8) | because 38 her father paid the marriage debt. Now they had a | daughter, who was named by Hamisk’rnis (III 8), ‘maxtilayugwa (V 1). || Then 40 Doqwiyis (IV 6) came to Fort Rupert with his wife, | *na*nem- p!ang” ilayugwa (IV 8), and their princess, emaxtilayugwa (Va): Before | ‘maxtilayugwa (V 1) had grown up, Doqwiyis (IV 6) became sick; | and the chief did not lie down long before he died. | Doqwiyis (LV 6) left a copper, the great expensive copper || Lobitila, 45 which he had obtained from his father-in-law HAmisk’rnis (III 8) when the latter paid his marriage debt; | and when those who had buried Doqwityis (IV 6) came home, | Awadé invited all the men of the Gwétela (that is, the real | Kwag'ul) and the Q!omoya‘yé. He did not invite the | ‘walas Kea for the dead chief, Doqwiyis (IV 6), belonged to them. || And when all had come into the house of 50 Awadé, he told them | why he had called them in. He said, “Now we will go and comfort | ‘maxtilayugwa (V 1), because she was the princess of the past Doqwiyis (IV 6); for | the girl ‘maxtllayugwa (V 1) is the only daughter of Doqwiyis, | although Doqwiyis (IV 6) had a younger brother, Pengwéd (IV 7); but || he could not take the 55 place of his elder brother, because Doqwiyis (IV 6) had | ‘mixiila- yugwa (V 1) for his daughter, and she belonged to the elder line of the head family of | ‘max’mpmwisagnmé’ (I1 1). The eldest brother and his descendants are always the head family; | and they could not gilayugwaxs laé qotéx‘idés ompé. Wi, la‘mé xiingwads- 38 x“itsa ts!ats!edagemé. Wai, li Léx‘edé Hamisk‘rnisas ‘maxtila- yugwa lag. Wa, gax'me Doqwiyisé lax Tsaxisé LE’wis genemé 40 ‘natnemp!Eng‘ilayugwa LE‘wis k:!edélé ‘maxtilayugwa. Wai, k: !és- ‘mésé lanm éxEnt!édé ‘maxtilayugwixs laé ts!ex'q!ex"idé Do- qwiyisé, wi k-lést!a gael qblgwitexs laé wik:!ex‘idéda g igima- yola. Wa, la‘mé L!aqwaelale Doqwiyisaxa ‘walasé lixitla Llaqwé Lobilila, yix gayanrmas laxés negtimpé Hamisk‘Enisaxs laé qote- 45 xaq. Wi, gilfmésé gax ni‘nakwa wunrmtix Dodqwiyisaxs laé Lélts!odé Awadolaxa ‘nixwa bébrgwanzmsa Gwételaxa Alak: lala Kwagula, te‘wa Qlomcya‘ye. Wa, lapm k-!és ralétts!6tk-‘inaxa ‘walasé Kwag-ula, qaxs hé‘mae gixgwalex Doqwiyisdé. Wii, gilimésé gax ‘witlaén lax g‘okwas Awadiixs laé nélasés xé‘late- 50 laxa ‘naxwa begwanrma. Wa, la‘més ‘nék‘a qa‘s li ts!elwaqax ‘maxtilayugwa lax k-ledélas Doqwayisdé, qaxs ‘nzemOx*maé xii- nox'des Doqwiyisdéda tslats!mdagpme, yix ‘maxilayugwa, yixs wax'*maé tsa!yandkwe Dodqwiyisdiis Prngwédé. Wa, la k:!eds gwex‘idaas hé Lax"stodxés ‘nolax'dé, qaxs xtngwadaé Doqwa- 55 yisdiis ‘maxtilayugwa, yixs ‘ndlawililaé, qaxs kwékwaé ‘max’- mEWisagEmay ole. | Wii, héx:siitmés kwékwa ‘ndlawililéxa gra- yawé lag. Wa, laxaé k: leas gwéx‘‘idaas layowa ‘walasé L!aqwé 60 60 65 1088 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 give the great copper | Lobitila to Prengwéd (IV 7). Therefore Awadé wished to go || and comfort ‘maxtilayugwa (V 1) who was to take the place of her past father. | When Awadé stopped speaking, the men went out | and entered the house of ‘maxilayugwa (V 1) and all the | ‘walas Kwag'ut were inside and sitting down with s‘maxtiayugwa (V 1) in the rear | of the house. Then the Gwétrla sat down at the right-hand side, || inside the house; and the Q!o- moyafyé sat down on the left-hand side | of the house; and when they were all in, the head chief | of the Maimtag'ila, Awaxelag ilis, stood up and comforted her; | and when he had ended his speech, he sat down. Then the | head chief of the Ktkwak!iim, Odzéstialis, stood up and comforted her, || and when he had ended his speech he sat down; then the | head chief of the Gigilgim of the Q!omoyAa‘yé, Yaqotadzé, arose and | comforted ‘maxtilayugwa (V 1), and when he had ended his speech | he sat down; then the head chief of the Yaéx' agemé®, | Lalak Ots!a, stood up and comforted her, and when he had ended his speech || he sat down. Now four chiefs had spoken. | Then Himasaqa, chief of the Dzrndzrenx'q!ayo, stood up. | He carried the great expensive copper, Lobilila, and he | promised to sell it to give property to all the tribes on behalf of ‘maxtilayugwa (V 1). Lobilila lax Pengwédé. Wai, hé'mis lagilas Awadé ‘néx: qa‘s li ts!elwaqax ‘maxtlayugwa, qaxs Ip‘maé Lax"stodetxés Ompdé. Wai, wil'mésé q!welidé Awadiixs laé ‘witla hoqtiwelséda bébrgwanrmé, qa‘s lax'da‘xwé lax g'dkwas ‘maxtilayugwa. WA, la‘mé ‘wi‘laeLE- léda ‘walasé Kwag-ul k!wésemétex ‘maxtilayugwa lixa ogwiwalilas gdkwas. Wi, Atmisé k!uis‘aliteléda Gwéetela laxa hélk: !dts!alitas Awitelisa gokwe. Wai, het!alida Q!omoya‘ya gemxots!alilas iwi- Leliisa gokwe. Wa, gilfmésé ‘witlaérexs laé Laxttlilé xamagr- mafyasa Maimtag‘ila, yix Awaxelag‘ilisé; wii, li ts!elwax‘éda. Wi, gilfmése labe waldmmas laé k!wag-alila. Wa, li Laxsulité xamagema‘yasa Kiikwak!iimé Odzé‘stalisé qa‘s ts!elwax‘edé. Wa, gilfmesé labe watdemas laé k!wag-alila. Wa, li Laxtililé xama- gema‘yasa Grigilgemasa Q!omoyatya, yix Yaqotadze, qa‘s ts!nlwax‘edéx ‘maxtilayugwa. Wi, giil‘mése labe waldmmas laé k!wagralila. Wa, la rax‘tlité xamigpma‘yasa Yaéx‘agema‘yé, yix Lalak-ots!a, qa‘s ts!nlwax‘edé. Wii, gilf’mésé labe waldemas laé k!wag'alita. Wa, la‘me mokwa giigigima‘yé yaq!rg‘a‘ta. Wa, lafmés Lax‘tlifé Himasaqa, yix gigima‘yasa Dzendzenx'q !ayowé. Wii, la‘mé dalax Lobililaxa ‘walasé taxula Llaqwa. Wa, la‘mé dzo- xwas qaéda ‘naxwa lelqwalara‘ya qa ‘maxtlayugwa. Wa, lazm BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1089 Now | he changed her name to Doqwayis (V 1). Then they gave blankets || to the head man. That is all about this. | Now Doqwiyis (V1) was wooed by Wag‘ idis (V 2) | head chief of the La&flax'sn*ndayo, soon after Doqwayis (V 1) had invited | all the tribes.’ | Doqwiyis had not had Wag‘idis for her husband for a long time when she had a |}son . . . Then his name was Tsaxis (VI 1) [of that boy,] | because he was born in Tsaxis. When he was ten months old, | the thunder-bird rings were put on him . . . | Not long after this Doqwiyis ws 1) gave away blankets on behalf of her son (VI 1). yis heweolt spoke, and said to her numaym, || the Dzrendzenx' q layo, that her son would take the | 9 head seat, and that she, Doqwiyis (V 1), would stand at the end of the | DzendzEnx’q!ayo, and that the name of Déyad (VI 1) would be Doqwayis (VI 1). | His mother’s name was now pees (V 1). It was not | long before Wag'idis (V 2) and his wife (V 1) Yaqoras had another son (VI 2); || nina when he began to grow up, then Wag idis (V 2) gave away blankets | on behalf of his new son (VI 2). He was going to place him in the seat | of his own father, of the numaym Ladlax’sE‘ndayo, who had died, and who was named | LElbEx salagilis (LV 9). Now the new child of Wag‘idis (VI 2) had LiayoxLé, lamem Légades Doqwayisé. Wa, lazkm yaqwasd* laxa kwekwe. Wa, laem gwal laxéq. Wii, la‘mé gagak'!ex“itse‘wé Doqwiyisas Wagvidisé, yix xama- gema‘yasa Lailax's'endayowe nexwiig’égéxs lix'dé Lételé Doqwi- yisaxa ‘naxwa lélqwilaxa‘ya.' Wi, k-!ést!a giila la‘wadé Doqwayisa Wag‘idisaxs laé xtingwa- dix‘itsa babagtimé . . . Wi, la‘mé Légadrs Tsixisé, yixs babagi- maé, qaxs hie mayoLeEme Tsaxisé. Wa, li hélogwilaxs laé kitinxwédekwa Wa, k !ést!a alarm gilaxs laé p!ns‘idé Doqwayisé qaés xtino- kwé. Wii, la‘mé xamoda‘mé Doqwiyisé nélaxés ‘ne‘mémotéda DzendzEnx'q!ayowaxs In‘maé lJatés xtnodkweé Liayostodieq laxa kwekwe. Wai, 4*misé Doqwityisé la Laxwala laxa gwaxsdn‘yasa Dzrendzenx'q!ayowé. Wi, la‘mé Légadé Déyadiis Doqwayisé. Wa, ffmisé li Sbempas la LegadEs ieadaeece! Wi, klést!a Alarm gilaxs laé ét!ed xtingwadex"idé Wag‘idisé Le‘wias genemé Yaqo- Lasé. Wai, g-il‘mésé Gitsrac lillyakwataxs laé pioede Wag idisé qaés ale papaeim xtndkwa. Wii, la‘mé Lax'stdts lax Laxwa‘ya- sés Ompwtleé ieee ‘ne‘memoté, yixa Ladlax’s‘endayowéxa Légadolas LElbex'salag‘ilise. Wa, lage regadeda ale xtinox"s _ Wag: idisas. 1 Here follows the description of the customs re} mist to pregnancy en birth, p. 649. In cord to this marriage, see also p. 1111. 75052—21—35 ETH—PT 2 20 80 85 95 80 85 90 95 1090 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH, ANN. 35 aname.| Then the grandfather (III 8) of Yaqotas (V 1) — that is, the 200 father (III 8) of the mother (IV 8) of Yaqoras (V 1), — || died, for her father was Hamisk'mnis (III 8). He was the chief of the numaym | Ts !éts!ehwalagimé* of the Nimkish; and the mother of | Yaqoras QV 1) ‘nafnEmp feng’ilayugwa (IV 8), had no time to take her father’s seat, when | she also was taken ill and died. Now Yaqotas (V 1) | was with child, and the chiefs of the Nimkish wished in vain || 5 for Yaqoras (V 1) to take the seat of her grandfather, Hamisk’ Enis (III 8). | Then Yaqoras (V 1) said that she would take it after a while. Then she had another | son (VI 3); and when he began to grow up, | Yaqotas (V 1) and Wag‘idis (V 2) gave blankets to the Nimkish, | and then the new child took the seat of H&misk’ Enis 10 (III 8) in his numaym the || Ts!éts!nlwalagimé®; and his name was Hamisk'rnis (VI 3), although he was|a child, and he also took his seat. That is all about this. | Now I will speak again about Wag'idis (V 2), when he wooed the princess of | ‘maxwa (V3), head chief of the Mamaléleqila on behalf of his eldest son | Doqwiiyis (VI 1); for the princess of ‘maxwa (V8) 15 was Himdzid (VI 4). Now || Doqwayis (VI 1) married her. It was not a long time before they had | a son (VII 1). When the son of Doqwiyis (VI 1) was | ten months old, he was given the name Wawatk ine (VII 1), for this is the name of the child | of Doqwayis. Now the child got a name from his | mother’s side. Then ‘maxwa Wi, lat‘mé te‘lé gagempis YaqoLasé, yix Ompas abempas Yaqo- 200 Lasé, yixs fyadaas Hamisk‘rnisé, yixa gigima‘yasa ‘ng‘mémiisa Tsléts!nlwalagima‘yasa ‘nemgésé. WA, wisomalat!a &bempas YaqoLasé, yix “nanEmp!eng: ilayugwa la Lax'st0dxés Ompiixs laé dgwaqa tslex'q!ex“ida, wi, la wik:!ex‘éda, yixs la‘maaxaa Yaqo- Lasé bewekwékwa. Wa, lazm wax'a g’ig’rgima‘yasa ‘nemgeésé “nex” qa hé'misé Yaqorasé la Lax"stodxés gagempdé ieee Enisdé. Wa, li ‘nék@ Yaqorasé, ga’s hayalités la. Wa, lame étléed xtingwadex“ida, yisa babagtime. Wa, gil‘mése q!waq!tlyax‘wi- dalaxs laé Yaqotasé Lo’ Wag-idisé p!ets!pLelaxa ‘nemgésé. Wi, lafmé Lax"stodéda alé xtindx"séx Hamisk-rnisdé laxés ‘ne‘mémota 10 Ts!éts!nlwalagima‘ye. Wa, la‘mé Légades Hamisk'mnisa wax**mé gininema. Wi, larmxaé latex k!wa‘yas. Wa larmxaé gwal laq. Wa, la‘mésen édzaqwates Wagidisaxs laé gagak: lax k: lédétas ‘maxwa, yix xamagema‘ye gigimeésa Mamaléleqila qaés Lawiil- gima‘tyé Doqwiyisé, yixs k'!édadaé ‘maxwas Himdzidé. Wii, 15 latmé geg'adé Doqwiyisas. Wa, k''ést!a gilaxs laé xtingwadEx"‘i- tsa baibagiimé. Wi, laf‘més hiyagéda xtindkwas Doqwiyisaxés hélogwilaéna‘yé, yix Wawatkinatyé, qaxs hé‘maé Légems xtino- kwas Doqwiyisé. Wa, laem gwek:'!ot!mndalé Légemas xtindkwas laxés ibask'!oté. Wai, la‘mé ts!ex-q!ex"tidé ‘maxwa. Wi, k-lést!la or BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1091 (V 3) was taken ill, and after a || short time he died. Before he died, but | when he knew that he was not going to recover, because he was getting | weaker all the time, he asked his daughter (VI 4) to | call in his numaym, the Mamaléleq !%m, for he said he wanted to speak to them. | Immediately Himdzid (VI 4) called in her numaym. | When all came in, Chief ‘maxwa (V 3) | spoke, and he told his numaym that his mind was getting weak | on account of his sickness. ‘‘I wish | my grandchild Wawatk’iné (VII 1) to take my place. His name | shall be ‘maxwa when I die.’ Thus he said to his tribe. || Now, what should his numaym say? for really the child was of his own blood, | the child of Doqwiyis (VI 1) and of his wife Hamdzid (VI 4). | When night came, Chief ‘maxwa (V 3) died, | and in the morning at day- break the Mamaléleqila buried | their chief ‘maxwa (V 3). When the people who had buried him came back, || the chief of the numaym Wiwomasgem, | Neg’, called his tribe the Mamaléleqila; and when | they were all in his house, Nng’i said that he called them | to comfort Himdzid (VI 4) and her child Wawalkiné (VII 1). | Then all who were in the house of Neg’ i went out and || went into the house of Wawaltkiné (VII 1); and the | chiefs of the Mamaléleqila spoke in turns, comforting Wawalkiné (VII 1) | and his mother giilaxs laé wik*!ex‘ida. Wi, héxoLéxs k‘!és‘maé wik'!ex‘ida. Wai, lazm q!anelé ‘maxwiixs k'!ésaé la ék'!éma, yixs A*mae héxtata wiL!émadzenakila. Wa, héfmis la Axk:!alatséxés k-!edélée qa Leél- ts!0déséxés ‘ne*mémotéda Mamaléleq!nmé, qaxs ‘nék‘aaxs waldem- nok!wéxsdaaq. Wa, héx‘ida‘mésé Himdzide elts!odex ‘ne‘me- motas. WA, gilfmésé gax ‘witlaéLtexs laasa g‘igimatye ‘maxwa yaq!ng‘atta. Wii, la‘mé nélaxés ‘ne‘memotaxs ln'maé ‘witwe!é- x*édé nAqa‘yas laxés ts!px’q!aénatyé: “Wa, yu‘mésEn gwE‘yO qa Liayo gaxEneEn ts!ox"LEmiqox Wawalkina‘yé. Wa, latmox Légad- LEs ‘maxwa qEnLo lat wryemsaléLo;’ ‘nékéxés g oktlote. Wi, qa ‘masés wildemas ‘ne‘mémotas, qaxs Ala‘maé hrsemq rElkwéda : ginanemé, yix xtindkwas Doqwiyisé LE‘wis genemé Hamdzide. Wi, gil‘mésé ganulidexs laé wik:!ex‘edéda gigima‘yé ‘maxwa. Wii, gil'mésé ‘nax“‘idxa gaalixs laé witnemt!édéda ‘naxwa Mama- léleqilaxés gigiméx'de ‘maxwa. Wa, gilfmésé gax ni‘nakwa winemtax'daq, laé héxida‘mé g° igima‘yasa ‘ne‘mémotasa Wiwo- masgemé Negi Léx‘telsaxés g‘oktilotéxa Mamaléleqila. Wii, gvil- ‘mésé ‘witlaén lax g'dkwasexs laé nélé Nug’iixs hé*maé rélts!odEg'il, qa‘s la ts!elwaqax H&mdzidé Lewis xtinokwe Wawalk‘ina‘ye. Wai, la‘mé ‘wi‘la 1a hodqiiwels lax gdkwas Neg‘é qa‘s la hogwit lax gdkwas Wawalkina‘yé. Wa, la‘mé 1!a!ayogtililrla ts !Elwa- qéda gigngima‘yasa Mamaléleqila ts!elwaqax Wawalkina‘ye, LE- ‘wis sbempé Himdzidé rofmé Doqwiyisé. Wii, gil'mése ‘wilxtod 20 bo on 30 20 30 43 aS ou 50 60 43 45 60 1092 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 Himdzid (VI 4), and Doqwiyis (VI 1). After all | the chiefs had comforted her, Hawasrlat, who was chief | under ‘maxwa, arose and promised to give away blankets to all the tribes || on behalf of Wawalk'ine (VII 1); and now his name was to be changed, and his name was | ‘maxwa (VII 1); and he was the highest among all the Mamaléleqila, | although he was a child. That is all about this. | Now, you know there was one daughter of | ‘max’mEwisagemé® (II 1), uv !Aqwaet (III 3), and also one son, || Gwéno (III 4), who were left behind among the Awit!édex", when he went | home with his prince Lalélin!a (II 1) and K’anetk’as (II 2) to | Tsladé. As soon as Gwéno (III 4) was a young man, he married | the princess of Wak‘as (II 5), chief of the Oyalaidex"; and the name of | the princess of Wak as (II 5) was Q!aktiyigitlak* (III 9). They had a son, || and the name of this child was Gwiydlrlas (IV 10). | He took this name from the names of ‘max’mEwisagemé (IT 1). | That is all that I will say about this. | Now, Llaqwaét (IIT 3) married Chief Ts!msé (III 10) of the Xaésgla, | and she had a son, and the name of the son || was ‘max’- mewisagemée (1V 11). The boy obtained his name | from the Dzrndzenx'q!ayo; and | L!aqwaét (IIT 3) was also given in mar- riage the name L!aqwaélax ‘maxtiyalidze (II13). These names also came fro layo. Andshehadanotherchild, agirl. | la ts!elwax‘idéda gig pgama‘yaxs laé Lax‘tlité Haiwaselaléxa giga- ba‘yax ‘maxwa. “Wa, laf‘mé dzoxwa qaéda ‘naxwa iclquvelarasys qa Wawalkinatyé, yixs l‘maé Llayoxni. Wi, lanm Legadms emaxwa. Wai, laem kwékwa yisa ‘naixwa Mamaléleqila, yixs wax’- ‘mae ginanema. Wi, la‘mée gwal laxéq. Wan larmtas q !anplaqéxs ‘nemokwaéda ts!edagé xtindx"s ‘max-- mEWisagemae, yix Llaqwaelé; wi, hé‘misa ‘nemokwé babagtim xtindx"s, yix Gwénawé 10°waLEs laxa Awin!édexwaxs gaxaé né- ‘nak® Lewis LEwtlgima‘ye Latelit!a; wi héSmisé K- aate ase lax Tsladé. Wa, g ikfmésé héltak:!ox¢wid@ Gwénawaxs laé gEg‘adEx“‘its < !edélas Wak: asé, yix gigima‘yasa Oyalaidexwé. Wii, la Legade IPS eenels ones Lélelakwé, Wai, la‘mé néké Llésp!égaa- kwé qa‘s LlayoxLéxes Legeme. Wii, larm‘laé ‘néx- qa‘s Légadés Géxk nis. Wa, lazm ke leas g'ayoLatséxés Légemé G-éxk-Enisé, yixs 4fmaé kota laem gig’matya qaes Lételaéna‘tyaxa goktila lax K-laq!a. Wa, la k!é’s gwéx‘idaas deg inelé q!aq!ek-aés gilg-ali- séxés Ompé L!oL!otsa LE‘wis Abempé Ts@lé. Wa, hérm gwetydsa bak!tme k:!eas 4 ba we dgit‘la lax q!aq!pgiinosé, yixa la lngtixniilax Elgtinwatyé. Wii, lanm ‘walas q!pmisa ‘ne‘mémotasa Elgtinwa‘ya, yixs malédala, yixs qlaq!ek4é ompas G-éexk'enis Le‘wis abempé. Wa, hémisé ‘walas Kwax‘ilanoktima‘yaxs laé géx‘its Nenologr- ma‘yé, yix L!ou!otsa lax Lalax’s‘rndayowe. : Wi, lanm‘lawisé q liilsq !tilyakwé G-éxkEnisé LE‘wis ts!atyé Bawele. Wa, hémistés weq!wée Alakilayugwa. Wi, laem‘laé wax: ‘nék qats grgadés k !edélas Dzmnx’ qlayaxa Légadai las ‘maxtilayugwa. Wa, arm‘lawisé Dzrnx‘q!ayaxa Iptmaxat! Llayoxta Dzenx'q!a- yowé. Larm‘laé Légadrs Hayalk'engemé, datida. Wa, la‘laé snéka: ‘Gwaldzais xen lala G-éxk'Enisa In‘maaxEnqos 2 ‘istem Ja gigima‘tya Gexk Enisa, yudzix’é genrEmsé yux DzEnx’q!ayugwax,’ néx‘‘laé Hayalk engema‘yé Demedece qlakowé. Wa, lazm‘laé G-éxk pnisé q!arfarglaqéxs q!aq!ek és gig'adInuk" laxéq qaxs wE- Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1097 found out that his parents had been slaves; for he did | not believe it, although he had been told by them that his parents had been slaves. || Now he only had Dzenx’q !ayugwa for his sweetheart. He had not been long | in the house of Hayalk’rngemé?, when DzEnx'q !ayugwa left | and went into the house of Lalax's‘endayo. Now Lalax’s*rn- dayo changed his name | and his name was L!aqwalat; for | Neno- logemé* and his children still remained there. The reason why || Dzenx’q !ayugwa went away was that she discovered that she was with child. Then she | gave birth to a girl. Now 1 !aqwalat thought up a | name for her, and a name occurred to him, and he called | the child of Géxk'Enis Alag’imil. Then Dzenx'q !ayugwa | gave birth to a boy, who was born next to || Alag’imilt. Then G’éxk'nnis invented a name, | and his invention was Ek‘lawig' lak". That was the name of the boy. | He named him Ek‘lawig'itlak". The name was | only an invention. | Now I stop for a while to talk about G’ éxk Enis, and I || shall talk about the sister of G'éxk'rnis, Alak'ilayugwa, who became | the Sweetheart of Ts!ag'i‘lak", a foolish man, the youngest one | of the five sons of the chief of the numaym | Haiyalik'awé:, who was named Hixtiyosrmeé*; for | the youngest one is never taken care of by his father, there being five sons and || he was like a slave and a yoq !tisaaxs wax'aé ‘néx’sE‘wa, yixs q!aq!Ek 4és gig'adInukwe. Wai, lafmé &*mel watadex‘‘ides Dzenx'qlayugwa. Wa, k lés‘lat!a giila héla gokwas Hayalk-engema yixs g’axaé bewé Dzenx- qlayugwa qa‘’s gaxé lax gdkwas Lalaxs‘endayo yixs Im‘maaxat! Llayuxra Lon abreee . Wi, laem Légadms Llaqwalal qaxs héx’si‘maé la Nendlogemé‘yé Lewis saseme. Héerl lagiitas g'ax matwa laé Dzrnx'q!ayugwa,.qaxs laé q!alaxs Infmaé brewékwa. Wa, latlac mayulitsa ts!ats!edagemé. Wi, larm‘laé Llaiqwalal spna qa Légems. Wai, la‘laé gig aéx*éd qa Légems. Wi, lafmé Léxéts Alagimité laxa xtindkwas G:éxk'rnisé. Wi, lanm‘laé Dzenx-q!a- yugwa yala mayuLasa babagtim laé ét!édé mayutems mak-ilax Alagimilé. Wa, hé‘lat!a Géxk-enisé senxid qa Légems. Wa, larm‘laé senanemax Kk:!awig?i‘lak". Larm‘laé Léx‘éts laxés baba- gtimé xtindkwa. Wa, la‘mé Légades Ek !awig*i‘lak" laq. Wii, la- EMxaé GEM sENAnEMaxa Légems. Wa, la‘men gwal gwagwex's‘ala lax Géxk'Enisé yawas‘ida qren gwagwex's‘alé oe wiiq!wis GéxkrEnisé lax Alak: ilayugwa, yixs laaxat! watades Ts!4g‘i‘lax"xa nendlowé brgwanrma imayinxa‘yas sek !akwe ee perne aa siseEm bagwanEmx'sis gigima‘tyasa nk&- ‘mémotasa Haiiyalik-awatyéxa Légades Haxtiyosmma‘yé, yixs Ik !ésaé q!adzayo Simayinxa‘yasés Ompax sek: !Akwaé bagwanEmx’siiyé sasE- mas, yixs 4*maé ‘nemax'is LE‘wa q!ak'0 Le‘wa ‘wats!é. Wii, lamnm‘laé 79 94) =) 90 95 100 80 mn 8 90 95 100 1098 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH. ANN. 35 2 dog. Now | Alak'ilayugwa really loved Ts !4g'ilak", and | Ts !g'i- ‘lak" never left the house of i !aqwalat; for | Ts!4g'itlak" came as a stranger from south of Tsaxis. Now | Alakilayugwa really did not 5 mind that her brother G'éxk‘'Enis tried to tell her || in vain that she should not make known that Ts!ag'itlak" was her lover. | Alak’i- layugwa only said that she was proud | to have for her lover the prince of HixtiyOsemé*. Then | G'éxk'rnis wassilent. Now Alak’i- layugwa was with child. | Then she was driven away by her brother 10 Géxk' nis, when he found out that || Alak'Uayugwa was with child. Immediately Ts !4g"itlak® | asked Alak’ilayugwa to carry their goods to | a cave this side of K’ !aq!a. Then the lovers carried their goods there. | Then Ts !4g'i‘lak" and his beloved Alak ilayugwa | staid there a long time. Then she gave birth to a boy in the cave. They | 15 lived there a long time in the cave. Then Alak‘ilayugwa | asked her lover Ts !Ag'i‘lak® to go with their goods to Wadzolis. | Immediately Ts!4gitlak® loaded his small canoe, and | they went to Wadzolis. When they arrived there, | Ts !4g"iflak" took his slow-match box and 20 he took out || his slow-match, which was burning at one end just like a rope of soft cedar bark. | Then he made a fire; and when the fire blazed up, | he put out his slow-match, and put it into the slow- match box. | Now he was already making fires wherever he went 1 Alak'!ala laxtilandkwe Alakilayugwas Ts!Ag‘itlakwé. Wa, la‘mé Tslagiflakwé k-!és bex"bokwas g‘Okwas L!aqwalalé, yixs bagtinsaé Ts!agiflakwe gix'id laxa ‘nalénak Alis Tsaxisé. Wa, la‘mé 4lak: lala k és Awilag ile Alakilayugwa lax wax‘aés wiiq!wa yix G-éxk-Enisaxs 5 wax'aé ixk lala qa k:!ésés xenvela néltsemalax waLadaas Ts!Ag7i‘la- kwé. Wa, dem‘lawisée Alakilayugwa ‘nékExs Lemqaés nAqatyaxs waLadaasa LAawrlgimatyas Haxtiyosematyé. Wa, dem‘lawisé G-éx- k-mnisé la q!weltéda. Wii, lanm‘laé bewex‘wide Alakilayugwa. Wa, lamé k‘aydlemsés witq!we G:éxk'Enisé, yixs laé q!i‘staqéxs laé 10 bewekwe Alakilayugwa. Wi, Atmésé héx-‘idatmé Ts!Agvitlakwé ixk!alax Alakilayugwa qa‘s lax-da‘xwé ma‘wa laxa gwasa‘yas K-laq!a laxa xopése. Wi, larm‘lawise ma‘wéda warala. Wa, larm‘lawisé giilak'as hélé Ts!4gitlakwé Letwis waiele Alakilayu- gwa. Wa, larm‘laé mayul‘itsa babagiimé laxa x‘opésé. Wa, lanm- 15 ‘lawisé gilak'astem g-dktila laxa x‘opésé. Wa, la‘lae Alak-ilayugwa ixk lalaxés warelé Ts!Ag‘ilak® qa‘s li matwa lax Wadzolis. Wa, héx-‘idarm‘lawisé Ts !4g"i‘lakwé moxsaxés xwaxwigtme. Wi, la‘meé lax'datx lax Wadazolis. Wa, gilfem‘lawisé lagaa laé héx-‘ida‘mé Ts!agitlakwé ix‘édxés penagats!é grildasa. Wai, la‘laé axwilts!od- 20 xés peEnaqé@xa x‘ixbala gilt!a hé gwéx'sa denema k‘adzekwé. Wi, la‘mé Inx‘walisa. Wa, gilfmése xik-dstawé leqwélatyas laé k'lilx*édxés prnagé, qa‘s g*éts!odés laxés prnagats!é gildasa. Wa, latmé gwalelarm laxsi laxés Léqwi‘lilase. Wa, la‘mé ‘nex’xes ROAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1099 (Laxsi). Now he said to his | beloved Alak ilayugwa, “Tet our child have a name, || and his name is Ma‘naktila (Moving-along), as we were doing when we went | moving our goods to Wadzolis.”’ Thus said Ts!4g’itlak” to his beloved | Alak’ ilayugwa. Now their illegitimate child had the name | Ma‘naktila. He also just invented this name for his | son. These are the ancestors of the numaym Laxsii. || And therefore the people of the numaym are ashamed of the name Laxsi, | for Ts!4g’i‘_lak® was the youngest of the children of Haxtiyosemé‘, the | head chief of the numaym Haiyalik awe of the Qlomoya‘yé. | And Alak ilayugwa gave birth to a girl, | and Ts !4g’i‘lak" invented a name for her, || and the name he invented for his daughter was Avéstalidzemga..| Then he named her Axé‘stalidzemga. | Now Ts !ag'itlak" and his wife | Alakilayugwa had two children, the boy Marnaktila and Axé‘stalidzemga. | Then Ts!Ag'itlak® moved again, and went to G’rydx". || There he lived; and now his two children grew up. | Now Aréstalidzemga was grown up, and | Ma‘naktila also wasafull-grown man. Then | Ts!ag’ lake saw a canoe coming along towards them | from the south. It eee at the beach of the house of Ts!4g’itlak". || Then Ts !4g'itlak® and his two children went to meet them. | And immediately Ts !4g"iflak" asked the stranger why watela, lax Alakilayugwa:. ‘Wa, g'adzix’ox Légadens xtindkwéx qa hémes Légemsoqe Ma‘nakila laxen gwégrilasé g'axég‘ins ma‘wa laxox Wadzolisé,’’ ‘néx‘‘laé Ts!4giflakwaxés watplé Alak-i- layugwa. Wa, lampm‘laé Légadé k!itexsdanmrmé xtindkwa, yis Ma‘nakila. Wi, lanmxaé frm senanEmaxa la Légemsés baba- gimé xtindkwa. Wai, hérm gvilg-alitsa ‘ne’mémotasa Laxsa. Wii, hé‘mis lag'ilas la max'ts!olem LéqkElasE‘wé ‘nE‘mémotasa Laxsii, yixs imayinxa‘yé Ts!ag‘iflakwas sasemas HixtiyOsema‘yé yix xama- gema‘yé gigdimésa ‘nE*mémotasa Haivalik‘awa‘yasa Q!omoyatyé. Wi, larm‘laxaé ét!éd mayultide Alak ilayugwa yisa ts!ats!eda- gemé. Wai, lanm‘laxaawisé Ts!fgi‘lakwé sena qa Légems. Wi, laflaé senanemax ALé‘stalidzemga qa LégEmsés tslatslmdagume xtinokwa. Wa, lamm‘lawisé Léx‘édes Axé‘stalidzemga liq. Wa, larm‘laé ma‘lokwé siskmas Ts!Agi‘lakwé Lefwis genemé Alak‘ila- yugwa, yixa begwanrmé xtinox"sé Ma‘naktila 1of ALé‘stalidzmmga. Wii, lazem‘laxaé ma‘wa yix Ts!fgi‘lakwé qa‘s li lax G:-ryoxwée. Wi, héx'sipm‘lawisé la goktlé. Wa, larm‘laé q !iilsq !iilyax‘widé ma‘lo- kwé sésems. Wai, larm éxenté Avé‘stalidzemga. Wai, larm‘laxa- awisé la nextaala begwanrmé Ma‘naktila, laa‘lasé dox*waxelé Ts!agiflakwaxa sid‘nakila xwak!tma gwasx‘ila g’ayanaktla laxa ‘nalenak‘ala. Wa, g'ax‘laé g-ax‘alis lax L!ema‘isas g'Okwas Ts!g‘i‘la- kwe. Wa, larm‘laiwisé ‘witla lalalé Ts!agiflakwé Lefwis ma‘lokwé sisEmq. Wa, héx-‘idamm‘lawisé Ts!’giflakwé wiitaxa lélaktimé lax 30 35 40 45 25 30 30 40 45 60 65 47 50 > oC s he came | paddling. The man replied to him. Now 1100 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH, ANN. 35 the visitor saw that ALéstalidzemga was a pretty woman, | and he guessed that she must be the daughter of Ts!4g’itlak": therefore he said, | “T came to marry your princess, chief. I am ‘maxityalisemé®, | head chief of the numaym Haiyalik awé*, and my father is Hixt- yosrmé:.”” | Thus said the visitor. He did not recognize that this was | his younger brother Ts !4g"itlak®, from whom he asked a wife. Ts!Ag'iflak" | just said, ‘Go, son-in-law, to your wife Avéé‘stali- dzemga.”’ || Now she had her uncle forherhusband. | ‘maxtiyalispme* and his wife Avé‘stalidzemga had not been married long | when she was with child. Then she gave birth to a boy. | Now ‘maxiiyalisemé was | really glad, because he had a son. | He felt only badly because he did not know || the name of his father-in-law; for the children never named him anything but | Dada, and Alak ilayugwa also called her husband Dada, | and ‘maxiiyalisemé hesitated to ask for the name of his father-in-law. | But Ts!4g’itlak® knew already that he was his eldest brother | ‘maxttyalissmé* when he said that his father was HaxtiyOsemé:, head chief of the numaym || Haayalik awes. Then | Ts !4g°itlak® was glad on account of what his brother had done; for | ‘maxtiyalisemé: had always tormented his youngest brother Ts !4g"iflak® | — |. sé*wena‘yas. Wa, laflaé nainaxma‘tyéda begwanrkmaq. Wi, larm‘la- éda lélaktimé doqtilax ALé‘stalidzemgixs éx'sdkwaés ts !ndaq !éna‘yé. Wa, latlaé k-dtaq xtinox"s Ts!agitlakwe, lagvilas ‘nék-@: ‘“Gaga- k‘tentaxs k !édélaqés, gigimé?. Wi, ndgwarm ‘maxttyalisema‘ya dgtimésa ‘nEemémotasa Haiyalik‘awayen Ompé HaxtiyOsema‘yé,” ‘néx“laéda lélakiimé. Wi, latmée k'!és malt!ilaqéxs hé*maé ts!afyés la gaydlasa lax Ts!4giclakwe. Wa, dem‘lawisé Ts!ag:i‘la- kwé ‘néka: ‘Gélaga, negtimp, laxg'as gennmg’6s laxg'a ALé‘sta- lidzemgak’.”” Wa, lafmé lawatses q!tléye. Wa, k!ést!a gia hayasEkalé ‘maxtiyalisema‘yé Lewis genemé Axé‘stalidzemgiixs laakl bewéx‘wida. Wa, la‘laé mayulitsa babagtiimé. Wi, laem- ‘laé Loma ék@ n&qafyas ‘maxttyaliseEmafyé qaxs bEgwanrmaés xtindkwa. Wi, léx-atmés ‘yag'pms naqafyaséxs k'!és‘maé q !alfaLE- lax LégEmasés nEgtimpé, qaxs héwixa‘maés sisemé Léqelas ogti‘lax Dada. Wa, laxaé Alakilayugwa Léqrlas Dada laxés latwtnemé. Wii, la ‘maxiiyalisema‘yé halala witrax Légemasés negtimpé, yixs ewalnla‘mae q!alarelé Ts!agitlakwaqéxs hé'maé ‘nolast !sgeEmatyé ‘maxityalisema‘yé, yixs laé ‘nék'exs dgtima‘fyaés Ompasa ‘nE‘mé- 5 motasa Haiyalik‘awatyé, yix HixttyOspmatyé. Wa, la‘mé éké naqatyas Tslagitlakwé qa gwéx*‘idaasasés nodla, qaxs hé*maé ‘maxtiyalisematye hémEnala moOmayalaxés AimayEnxa‘yé Ts!ag‘i‘la- kwe. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1101 Now ‘maxtiyalisemé* said that he was very happy || on account of 7 his son. ‘‘Now I | shall give my name to be his name. Now you will call him ‘maxiiyalisemé*.” | Thus he said. Then Ts !4g‘iflak" had obtained what he was wishing for (to | be said by his son-in- law), and Alak ilayugwa thought in the same way. | Now ‘maxtiya- lisemé: wished to || go home to his village in LEx’siwé with his wife | Avéstalidzemga, and his father-in-law Ts!ag iflak", and his wife Alak ilayugwa, | and also M&‘nakiila, the elder brother of ALé- stalidzemga. | Then they loaded their traveling-canoe with their belongings; | and when all their belongings were in, they paddled. |j Now ‘maxtiyalisemé: — for I continue to call him so, | for now ‘maxtiyalisemé®, the child of the | former ‘maxtiyalisnmé*, had that name — sat in the bow of the canoe of his wife | ALéstalidzemga, who was carrying in her lap her son. | Then they arrived at Lex’ siwé where his village was. Then || his three younger brothers came down to meet him, and they | unloaded the goods. Then Ts !ag’itlak® and his wife Alak'ilayugwa | and his son Ma‘nakiila went into the house of his son-in-law. | Now the former ‘maxtiyalisemé* was asked by his father HaxtiyOsrmé. | He said, ‘‘Now tell me where did your father-in-law come from. || What is his name, and that of your wife ?”’ Thus he said. | Then the former ‘maxtiyalisemé® said, ‘‘I don’t Wi, lamm‘lawisé ‘néké ‘maxtiyalisema‘tyé ‘nék'nxs: ‘“LOmak. éxeren naqék qamn xtnokwaxs bregwanrmaéx. Wa, la‘mésen Léqosaltsg'En Légemk’ laq?. Larms LeéeqrlaLes ‘maxtiyalisema‘yé lag’,”’ ‘néx'laé. Wa, lamé lane Ts!ag‘itlakwaxés walagelé qa waldemsés negtimp. Wa, hémmxaawisé gwiila naqafyas Alak-ila- yugwa. Wi, larm‘laé ‘nék'é ‘maxityalisematyé qa‘s lalagi ni- ‘nakwa laxés g‘dktilasa lax Lex'siwatyé Letwis genemé ALésta- lidzemga Lefwis negtimpée Ts!agiflakwe Letwis genemée Alak-i- layugwa; wi, hé‘mispa Manaktila, yix ‘nélis ALé‘stalidzemga. Wai, laxda‘x“laé moxsasés memwala laxés yaé‘yats!é xwaxwik!tina. Wa, gilfem‘lawise ‘wilxse mpmwaliis lax'da‘xwaé sextwida. Wi, lapm‘laé ‘nék-é ‘maxtiyalisematyé;—qren héx'si‘mé Léqelayoq, yixs hianal la Légadms ‘maxtialisema‘ya g‘indnrmé, yix xtno- kwas ‘maxtiyaliseméemot!a. Wi, laem‘laé k!wag-iwala, yixés genemé ALéstalidzemga q!rtk !nqrlaxés babagtimé xtinokwa. Wi, larm- ‘lawisé lag'aa lax LEx’siwa‘yé laxés g'Oktilasé. Wi, g-ax°em‘lawisé o- ag axalasosés yadukweé ts!ats!afya. Wa, héx*‘idanm‘lawis moltoyn- wé memwalis. Wi, latmé Ts!4gitlakwé Lefwis genemé Alak-ilayu- gwa LE‘wis xtindkwé Ma‘nakila, héem gaételé gokwasés negimpée. Wai, lanm‘lawisé witasr‘wé ‘maxtiyalisemémot!a yisés Ompé Haxt- yospmafyé. Wai, la‘laé nék-a: “ Wiig'adzai gwas‘idms g-iypmaxaa- sasox negitmpex. Angwax'Lox LE’wos genEmak‘6s,”’ ‘néx“‘laé. Wi, amm‘lawisé ‘maxityalisemémot!a ‘nek'a: “K-!édzen q!ala- 80 90 70 75 90 92 95 200 10 92 95 200 10 1102 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 know | any other name of my father-in-law but Dada, and | my mother-in-law has the name Alak’ilayugwa, and my brother-in-law’s name is Matnaktila, | and my wife’s name is Axé‘stalidzemga.’’ Thus he said. || Then the chief, his father, HaxttyOsrmé:, spoke again, | and said, ‘“‘He must be a great man on account of these | names, for they seem to be very high names. Let me ask | your father-in-law where he came from.’ Thus he said to his | prince. Now Hixtiyosrmé* called his whole || numaym, the Haiyalik awe‘, to come into his house | with his children. When they were in, | Tslag'itlak® with his wife Alakilayugwa and his son | Matnaktla and Aéstalidzemga, the wife of the | former ‘maxtiyalisemé, sat among them. Chief || HixtiyOsrmé* did not stand up, and he was just sitting in the house, when he spoke, and | said, ‘‘ The reason why T call you, tribe, is that you shall listen to the | answer of the father- in-law of my prince ‘maxtiyalissmé* 5 Thus he said. Then he turned | towards Ts !4g"itlak" and said, ‘‘O chief! do || tell me where you come from, and your name, and the name of | your father.’ Thus he said. Then Ts!ag'itlak® arose and | said, “‘T will answer your question, chief, indeed, since you really | ask for my name. Evidently this your prince did not recognize | me. I xOx Légemaxsen nEgtimpéx ogti‘la Légemsox la Dada. Wa, laxox Alak: ilayugwax’ LEn ts!edaqéx negimpa. Wa, lox Ma‘naktlax‘Len qliléséx. Wa, lax Aré‘stalidzemgax‘Len geneméx,” ‘néx“‘laé. Wa, laflaé édzaqwa yaq!ngattéda g'igimatyé, ompsé Hiixitydsai- matye. Wi, latlaé ‘nék-a: “Awilaemxentox bek!wénatyaxs qaods LELEZEMEX, yixs LOmaéx edlasgEm LELEGEMa. Wég-ax'rn wiiLaxox brgwanrméx negtimpa lax giyemaxalasasox,”’ ‘néx‘‘laéxés Li- welgimafyé. Wa, lapm‘lawise wé‘lalé Hixtiyosema‘yé ‘wi‘laxés ‘neemémota Haiyalik'awafyé qa g’axés ‘witlaétela lax g‘okwas LEfwis sasemé. Wa, gilfem‘lawisé ‘wi‘laéta, wi, g°ax*rm‘laé Tslagiflakwé Letwis genemé Alakilayugwa Le‘wis begwanEmé xtindkwé Ma‘naktila; wii, hémisia Axé‘stalidzemga, yix genEmas ‘maxtiyalisemémot!a k!wageliteq. Wa, k !és‘lat!a Lax‘tililéda g'igi- ma‘yé Haxtiyosematyé. Arm‘laé k!waéla laé yaq!eg‘atta. Wa, laflaé ‘nék-a: “Héden lagila Léelts!odol, goktlot, qa‘s horélads lax nanaxmafyayOLasox nergiimpaxsEn Lawelgima‘fyé ‘maxtiyalisr- mafyé laxen wtiLasdLa laq",” ‘néx~‘laé. Wi, laflae gwegrmx-‘id lax Ts!Alag‘iflakwé. Wi, la‘laé ‘nék'a: “Yun, gigimé®; wég'adzax'r- nufx" q!iaLElaxés g'ayemaxaasads LESwis LégEmads LOS LegEMas fsa,” ‘néx“laé. Wa, latlaé raxtililé Ts!Agiflakweé. Wa, la‘laé ‘néka: “Latmen nanax'mélxés waldemds, gigimes. Alafmas wit- LaxEn Légema. Wa, laxentox Liwelgimatyaqos k'!és matt lila gaxrn. Nogwarm Ts!ag‘iflakwa, ima‘yenxésds sasEmaq6s, Omp,”’ BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 11038 am Tslag‘iflak", the youngest of your children, father.” || Thus he 15 said. As soon as he ended his speech, they saw that | their chief was dead. He died of shame on account of what had been done | by his prince, who married the (common) little daughter of his | youngest son: therefore the breath of the past chief Hixtiyosemé* jumped out of his body | — |. I forgot part of what Ts !4g’i‘lak" said to his father | when he said 20 at the end, “My tribe, and that of my children are the Laxsi. | Now my grandson, whose name is ‘maxtiyalisemé*, | stands at the head of the Laxsi.” Thus he said. | As soon as the former ‘maxtiyalisemé® found that his father the chief || was dead, because he had died of shame, he arose and | spoke. 25 He said, “O tribe! Let my | past father-in-law and the whole number of them and my child stay away for a while. | Now my former name, TEESE Lune shall be his true name, for the | head chief for the Laxsi.’’ Thus he said. ‘Now I eacul have the name Haxtiyoseme®, | the former name of my father.” Thus he said. 30 Immediately | Ts!4g'iflak", and his wife Alak’ ilayugwa, and | Masnaktila, and Ameedalidaenen and her child |. ‘maxtiyalisemé got ready and went aboard their traveling-canoe. They | went home to G'ryox". Ts!4g'itlak® was happy because he had fooled || his eldest brother, and because he had obtained the true name | 35 néx‘laé. Wa, gilfem‘lawisé q!tlbé waldemaséxs laé doxtwatrla 15 gigiméx diixs le‘maalaxon Ie‘la. Lamm max'ts!alisem qa gwéx"‘- daasasés Liwklgima‘yaxs laé grgadms tslits!edagemé xiindx"sés ima‘yEnxa‘yé, lagvilas dex‘dwe hasa‘yasa gigimayole Hixtyosr- mayola. Wa, héxoten L!eléwésr‘wé waldemas Ts!4g‘iflakwaxés dmpdé, 20 yixs laé dalxnala ‘néka: “Hé*men Ingtixniiyo Logtin saspmg’é Laxsii. Wai, g'ax‘mésg’En ts!0x"LEmak’ Légadns ‘maxtiyalisema‘yé qa Laxti- mésa Laxsi,”’ ‘néx'‘laé. Wi, gilfem‘lawisé q!alfaLelé ‘maxtiyalisemémot!aixés gigiméx dé dOmpExs lnfmaé te‘la, yixs max'ts!alisemaé, wi, li Lax‘tlita qafs 25 yaq!rgatté. Wa, latlaé ‘nék'a: ‘““ya, goktlot, hag-armt lastak: qwédg'rn nEgtiimpdg'rn Logwas ‘waxaasrk’, Login xtindx"dek’. Wai, la‘més laren Légemx'dé ‘maxtiyalisema‘yé ga dla Légems laxa Laxuma‘yasa Laxsii,” ‘néx‘laé. ‘Wi, lafmésEn Légadelts Haxtiyo- spma‘yé lax Légemxdiisen Ompda,” ‘néxlaé. Wi, héx-idarm‘la- 30 wisé xwanalfidé Ts!ig‘i‘lakwé LE‘wis genemé Alak: ilayugwa 1L6® Ma‘nakiila; wi, hé*misé Axé‘stalidzemga LE‘wis xtndkwé ‘maxtiya- lisema‘yé, qa‘s hogiixse laxés yatyats! xwak!tina. Wi, g-ax*mé ni‘nak" lax G'rydxwé 6k: !éqrla laé Tsagiflakwé qaés nandltsélax:- ‘idaaxés ‘nolast!egematyé. Wa, hé‘miséxs laé latxa dlarm Légemé 35 1104 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN, 35 37 ‘maxttyalisemé? for his grandchild. Only once | did the numaym Laxsi obtain a name from their relatives; for | their other names were invented: therefore they have only one | true name ‘maxt- 40 yalisemé*. They have no privileges, because || nobody allowed the sons (of the Laxsi) to marry the princesses of the | chiefs of the tribes; for only that way do | the chiefs of the tribes obtain privi- leges. The | Laxsii are called ‘‘slaves-born-from-the-youngest-one,”’ and here the one who told me the story stopped.| He said that he was ashamed to talk || about the clan Laxsi, because Ts!4g‘itlak" just made up| the names. The past chief | HixityOsemé* gave the name Ts!igitlak* to his youngest son. | Therefore there are two names obtained from their relatives, | ‘maxtiyalisemé* and the name of the wife of Ts!ag"itlak». || = or THE ELGUNWE® 1 Now Lalax’s‘mndayo, he who changed his name | Lalax’sr‘ndayo to the name L !aqwalal, had a‘slave. He also changed | the name of his slave Tsélé, and gave her the name Lalax’s‘aq !anak®. | Then he 5 regretted what he had done with his name || Lalax’sr*ndayo, and therefore he changed his name to L !aqwalat. Now he only | invented ‘maxtiyalissmafyé qa Légemsés ts!ox"LEma. Wii, ‘neEmp!Ena- em‘laé lané ‘ne‘mémotasa Laxsiixa LELELAdzESe LégEma, yixs 4'maé ‘wila sEnanEmaxés LéeLEgEmé. Wi, hémis lag‘ilas ‘nemsgEm 4la- k-lala Légemsé ‘maxtiyalisematyé. Wi, larm k-!eds k-!és‘ds qaxs 40 k lésaé hélq!dlem grg'adés bebrgwankmé sasEmsa k:!ésk:!edélasa gig bgdimatyasa lelqwilata‘yé, yixs léx'a'maé ixndgwatsa aldgti- qala k-!ék-!ns*ixa gig‘Egimafyasa lélqwalaratyé. Wa, héem ima- sypnxatyawi q!ax%k !otemx'Léda Laxsi. Wa, hérm walalé walde- masa nosa qabn. Wai, lapm ‘nék'exs max'ts!aé et!ed gwagwex’- 45 sala laxa ‘ne‘mémotasa Laxsai yix lagvitlas ‘néx’sd Arm senanemé Ts!agiflakwaxés LeLegeme. Wii, lamm‘laé has‘rmxa gigimayodlaé Haxtiyosemayola Léqrlaé Ts!agilakwé qaés ima‘yenxa‘ye xtindkwé Ts!Agiflakwe. Wii, lafmé maltsemxoxa LéeLéLaladzesé Légem LO‘ ‘maxtiyalisema‘yé. Wa, hé*maé Légemas genemas Tslagilakwe. 36 S THe ELGtnwe* 1 Wa, lafmé q!agwidiisé Lalax's‘rndayo, yixa la L!ayoxni Lalax’- s‘endayowé, yixs laé Légades Llaqwalal. Wi, lammxaé L!ayox Légemasés q!ak'owé Tsele. Wi, lanm Lextédes Lilax's‘aq !anakwé. Wa, lanm‘laé mayatasés gwéx‘‘idaasasés Légremé Lalax’s*enda- 5 yowé, lagtilas vlayox:Lilabents L!aqwalal. Wi, larmxaé arm senénux" la Légems L!oLlotsa, yixs laé LégadEs Nenologema‘yé Boas] ‘FAMILY HISTORIES 1105 a name for L!6L !otsa when he named him Nrndlogrmé*, | because he 7 was a foolish man. Then the latter had a boy, | and 1 !aqwalat thought about a name. Then he invented the name | L!ésp!égaak". Then (u!dL!otsa) had another son, and || L!aqwalal named him 10 Bawelé, and he also invented this | name. Then he had a daughter, and it occurred to | L!aqwalal that she should work dressing skins when she was grown up, | and therefore L!aqwalat named her Ala- k‘ilayugwa. | Now the eldest of the children of Nendlogemé., || L !ésp !6- 15 gaak", invited the tribe living at K' !aq !a, ‘walas Kwax flandkimé | and his children; and i !ésp!égaak" planned to change his name. | Then he invented the name G’éxk'rnis for his new name. Then | his name was G’éxk’rnis. All his names were invented, | and these were the ancestors of the numaym eElgiinwé: of the || Gwétrla who 20 are now called Kwéximot. | Géxk’ nis was the head chief of the num- aym Elgiinwé®. He had for a | sweetheart the slave of Dzmnx'q !ayu, whose name was Dzrnx'q !ayugwa; | for the house of L !aqwalat and Dzenx’q !ayu were close together | at Tayagol. As soon as Dzmnx'q !a- yugwa had found that she was || with child, she loaded her belong- 25 ings, and went to the house of 1 !aqwalal, | and there she lived with her illegitimate husband. And DzEnx’q!ayugwa gave birth to a | girl, and L pawelet invented a | name for the girl. Then it occurred qaés neEnolaé ieee Wa, la xtingwadex“‘itsa ; babazitane: 7 _ Wi, li L!aqwalal senx*fid qa Légems. Wiis, laxaé senénemax L!és- plégaakwé. Wa, laxaé étléd xtingwatsa babagiimé. Wa, lanmxaé Llaqwalat Léxé‘des Bawelé liq. Wi, laemxaé Sem sEndnemaxa 10 Légemé. Wai, larmxaé ét!éd xtingwatsa ts!ats!edagmemé. Wai, la Liaqwalal g‘ig'aéx®édqéxs éaxEléraxa Slag'emé qo q!ilyaxtwidra tslats!ndagemé, lagilas L!aqwalal Léx‘édes Alak: ilayugwa laq. Wa, gilfmésé éndlast !pgematyas sisrmas Nendlogema‘yé, yix L!ésp!é- gaak” Lételaxa g° dkitla lax K*'aq!a, yix ‘wilas Kwax‘ilandkiimatyé, 15 LEfwis sisEmé laé senx“idé L!ésp!égaak" qa‘s L!ayuxLalabendaya. Wa, li srnanrmax G'éxk-Enisé Gass al Légema. Wa, la*mé Légades Gréxk'enisé. Wi, la‘mé 4mm ‘naxwa_ seEniinux"sés LéLEgemé. Wa, hérm gilg‘alitsa ‘ne’mémotasa Elgtinwa‘fyasa Gwétrlaxa gwrtyo Kwéxfmota. Wa, larm‘laé Laxumatyé 29 Géxkrnisasés ‘ne‘mémota erlgiinwatyé. Wa, lanm‘lawisé waLadex‘ides qlak'As Dzpnx'q!ayaéxa Légadrs Dzrnx'q!ayugwa qaxs nenxwag'4laé g'dkwas L!iqwalalé Lo® gokwas DzEenx'q!ayo lax Tayagolé. Wa, gilfem‘lawisé Dzenxq!ayogwa q!ftelaxs In- ‘maé bewex‘wida, laé héx‘tidarm larl mi‘wa lax g'‘dkwas L!aqwalal. 95 Wai, latfmeée kliitexsda. Wa, laflaé mayultidé Dzrnx'q!ayugwisa tslats!edagemé. Wa, hérm‘laxaawisé L!aqwalal senx’‘id qa Lé- grEmsa tslats!ndagemé. Wi, sea gig'aéxedqéxs Gaxelitaxa ala- 1106 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH, ANN. 35 to him that she would work dressing skins | in his house, and there- 30 fore he named her Alag’imil; || and it was not long before DzEnx’q !a- yugwa was again with child, | and she gave birth to a boy. And then Géxk'rnis | thought up a name for the boy, and he invented the name | Ek !awig'i‘lak® for him. Then the | two children of 35 G'éxk'Enis and of his illegitimate wife || Dzenx'q!ayugwa grew up. When Alag'imil was grown up, | Ts!4g"i‘lak® was looking for a wife for his son Ma‘nakiila | of the Laxsi of the Q!omoyityé. None of the chiefs who had | daughters wanted M&‘nakiila, for it was known that | his father Ts!g'iflak" was the youngest of the children of 40 Chief || HaxitiyOsrmé*, who was the head chief of the numaym Haiyalik’awé‘, | and also that Ts!4g'iflak” had contracted an ille- gitimate marriage with the slave Alak ilayugwa: | therefore they were unwilling. Then | Ts!ig'iflak" learned that G'éxk'mnis had a daughter who was just | grown up, namely, Alagimit. Then 45 Ma‘nakiila || tried to get Alag’imit for his wife, and G*éxk'rnis asked | Masnakiila to marry her at once. Now M&‘naktla did so, | and Matnaktla at once was married. Now | he had Alag’imit for his wife. This was the first time that | those descended from 50 Ts!ag'i‘lak" bought a wife. They had not been || married for a long time, when Alag'imit was with child. Then she gave birth to a girl. | And the father of the girl Ma*naktila | thought of the name of gimé lax gokwas. Wa, hé‘mis lag‘ilas Léx‘édus Alagimilé laq. 30 Wi, k'lés‘lat!a giitaxs laé et!ed bewéx‘wida, yix Dzenx'q!ayugwa. Wa, la‘laé mayul‘idxat! yisa babagitimé. Wa, lamm‘laé hé*mé G-éx- k'Enisé sEna qa Légemsés babagtimé xtindkwa. Wai, la‘laé sena- neEmax Ek: lawig'i‘lakwé qa Légems. Wa, larm‘lawisé q !ilsq !il- yax‘widé ma‘lokwé sasems Géxk'enisé LeE‘wis k!iitexsdoté 35 Dzenx'q!ayugwa. Wa, larm‘laé éxenté Alag-imile. Wi, lazm- ‘lawisé yala Tslagiflakwé ala qa genEmsés xtindkwé Ma&‘nakila, yixa Laxsiisa Q!omoyatyé. Wa, la‘laé k-leis &x‘éxsdrsa sasemnd- kwasa ts!édaqé giigrgiméx Mamnaktla qaxs q!rq!flagilayfiaxs ima‘yenxa‘yaé Ompasé T's!Agiflakwaxs saspmas gigimayolaé Ha- 40 xttyOsemayola, yix Laxtima‘yasa ‘ne‘memotasa Haiyalik-awatyé. Wii, hé*meséxs k!itexsdaé Ts!agiflakwé Letwa q!ak-owe Alak-i- layugwa. Wa, hé‘mis lagvilas k'!és nanagég’ése‘we. Wai, la‘laé qlale Ts!igiflakwe yixs xtingwadaé G-éxkEnisé yisa hé*ma até éxenté xtindkwasé Alag‘imité. Wa, g'Ax*em‘laé gagek:!é Mana- 45 ktla lax Alag-imilé. Wi, dem‘lawisé G:éxk'rnisé axk:!alax M&‘na- kiila qa héx*tida‘mésé qidzéta. Wa, hérm‘lawisé gwéx‘idé Ma‘na- ktla. Wa, latmé héx-idarm qiadzéré Manaktla. Wa, latmé grgadres Alagimilé. Wi, hérm alés ‘nemp!ena qadzéLaxés gr- nema g’agiLeEla lax Ts!agiflakwé. Wa, k-!ést!a lazm gila hiyasr- 50 k‘Alaxs laé bewex'widé Alagimité. Wa, la‘laé mayutitsa ts!ats!n- dagemé. Wai, la‘laé ompasa tslats!ndagemeé, yix Manaktla sEn- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1107 his father Ts !4g"i‘lak", who had died. | Then he cut in two the name 52 of Ts!4g'ilak", and he named | the girl Ts!alaliti‘lake. Now Alag‘i- mil was a Laxsi woman, || because her husband was MA&‘nakiila, 55 and she turned | to the numaym LAxsi. | Here the story-teller said to me that he had forgotten the middle part of the story which he was telling | me, and he said that he would jump a long way to the latter half of the | story of the ancestors of two numayms Léxsii and | elgiinwé*. | 60 Now G’éxk'rnis remained head chief, and his | name was always given to the eldest son of G'éxk’Enis, whenever the father died. | Now there were many people in the numaym of the | Elgiinwé*, who had for their chief G'éxk'rnis, and the || numaym Elgtnwé still 65 keeps together witht he Lailax’s‘rndayo, for they | also had for their chief L!aqwalat, and he did the same; for when a | L!aqwalal dies, then his eldest | son takes the name L!aqwalal; even if the eldest child is a woman, she | takes the place of her father. Although she may have many || younger brothers, they can not even take it away 70 from their | eldest sister. | Now all the seven numayms had gathered | at Qalogwis. G'éxk'E- nis had many children. | The youngest one of his children was a g-aaLElax Légemasés Ompdé Ts!Agi‘lakwé, yixs Im‘maé Imfla. Wa, 52 hé‘mis la malts!endzdsxa Légemé Ts!Ag‘iflak". Wa, latmé Léxtédus Tslalaliti‘lakwé lixés ts!ats!edagemé xtindk®. Wa, lafmé LAxsiiax- srmé Alag‘imilé qaxs laé latwades Ma‘naktila. Wa, lanm gwagwa- 55 aqa lax ‘nE‘mémotasa Laxsii. Wa, lazm ‘nék'éda ndsa qarntaxs tenoyox‘widaaxés nodyEmé qaEn. Wa, la nék-exs gwasg'iliké dex"sEq!axa nEgoyf‘yasa noyE- maxs g‘ilgvalisasa ma‘ttsemak!isé nal*nr‘mématsa Laxsi LEtwa Elgtinwa‘yé. 60 Larm‘laé héx‘sizm Laxtima‘tyé G'éxk’Eniséxa 4pm haydsela Lé- gem laixa ‘nélast!pgema‘yas sasem‘naktlisa G-éxk-rnisaxs laé tz- ‘lés ompé. Wi, larm‘laé q!énem‘el la lélqwilata‘tya ‘ne*mémotasa Elgimwa‘yéxa giigades Géxk'Enisé. Wai, larm‘laé q!ap!éx'sizm- ‘laéda ‘nE‘mémotasa Elgtinwatyé Le‘wa Ladlax's'endayoxa héx'si- 65 ‘maxat! gigima‘yé L!aqwalal, yixs 4tmaaxat! hé gweg ilé g'il*maé telé Llaqwalalé laé héx'‘idamm Layo L!aqwalatré ‘ndlast pgema‘yas sisEmsxa begwanrmé xtinox"s, wix'é ts!edaqa ‘nolast!egrma‘yé, li hérm x!ayostodxés Ompdé. Wax'maé q!énemé bébrgwanem ts!a- tslatyas. Wa, la k:!eis gwéx"‘idaas daxtryaq lixés ts!mdaqé ‘ndla- 70 st !pgema‘ya. Wi, larm‘laé ‘wi‘la la q!ap!éx-tidéda airebosgemakliisé ‘nal‘nr- ‘mémas lax Qalogwisé. Wa, lanm‘lawisé q!énemé sisemas G-éxk'n- nis. Wa, lamm‘lawisé Loma éx‘sdk" brgwanrmé ima‘yEnxa‘yas 1108 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 75 handsome boy, || whose name was Hiiwas. And the youngest | daughter of Wag'ides, the speaker of the house of L!aqwalal, | chief of the numaym Ladlax’s*rndayo, whose name was L !ax’L !rlédzEmga, was also very pretty. | Now G'éxk'enis and his children lived together in a house; | and Wag‘ides and his children lived in the 80 house of L!aqwalat. || Then Hiwas was in love with L!ax'L!nlé- dzemga, and went to her | every night. They never guessed that Hawas was the | lover of L!ax'L!nlédzemga. When it was | seen that L!ax'L!elédzemga was stout, she was called by her father Wag'ides, | and she was asked by her father: ‘‘Why are you | 85 stout and has your face so much | changed?” he said to her. 1 !ax’- L!rlédzemga did not try to deceive | her father Wag’ides. She told him at once that | Hiwas lay with her every night and that he was the cause of her | pregnancy. (She said) “I do not love any one 90 except Hiiwas:”’ || therefore what could her father Wag'ides say? What could he do, when he | saw that his youngest daughter was really in love with | Hiwas? .Therefore he only said, ‘Really show yourself with him, | that it may be the same as though Hiiwas were your husband.’ Thus he said. Then | Hiwas and x !ax'L!nlédzem- ga lived together as illegitimate husband and wife. Hiwas belonged || 95 to the numaym Elgtinwé and his illegitimate wife | i !ax't !plédzemga, © whose father was Wag'ides, belonged to the numaym | Ladlax’- 75 sisEmasxa Légadiis Hiwasa. Wa, lai‘laxaé Loma éx'sokwé ama- ‘yenxa‘yé ts!ndiq xtinox"s Wag'idesé yr‘lax yaq!endétas L!aqwalal, yix gigimatyasa ‘ne‘mémotasa Laidlax’s‘endayo, L!axL!eledzem- gax'Léda ts!mdagé. Wa, latmé qlaplaecleé GéxkEnisé LE‘wis sisrmé Lo Wagvidesé Lefwissisemé lax g*Okwas L!aqwalat. Wa, 80 hérm‘lawis laats Hiiwasaxa gigenoLé qa‘s li kiclit LO® L!axL!n- lédznmga, hémenalaxa gigenoLé. Wa, héwixarm‘lawisé k-dtaso® watadé Hawasis Llax'L!eléedzemga. Wi, alfem‘lawise dox‘waxele, Liax'L!klédzemgaxs laé pEnta, wi, liflaé Lé‘lalasosés Ompé Wa- gidesé. Wa, la‘laé witrase‘wa yisés Ompé: “‘madzés xen telag‘i- 85 lads la penta. Wa, yo‘mésoxda gogtimatyaqos yixs laaqos xEnLEla dgtiqmm la,’ ‘néx‘laéq. Wa, k !és‘lat!a wiltrm hayamé L!ax'L!n- lédzpmga qaés d6mpé Wagridesé. Larm‘laé 4pm héx‘ida nétax hémenala‘maé kilkilk'a L6® Hiwasaxa gigrnoxé; “Wi, hé*mésrn brwégwasé qaxg’en k«!easék- gti‘la warela lax Hiiwasa,” ‘néx"‘laé; 90 qa ‘masélawis wildkmas Ompasé Wagvidesé qa wex"‘idés qaxs do- qtla‘maax niqa‘yasés ima‘yrnxégasaxs Alak !alaé laxtianux's Ha- wasa, lagtilas dem ‘nék'rq: “Alag'arma néltsemx"‘id Le‘we qa‘s ‘neEmax‘istmads LO® latwadiis Hiiwasa,”’ ‘néxlaé. Wa, Jaemxaé klitexsdé Hiiwasa 10° L!ax‘L!elédzemga. Wa, hérmxaée g-ayolé 95 Hiwasa lixa ‘nE‘mémotasa Elgimwa‘yé. Wai, li k!titexsdotasé Liax'L!nlédzemga g"ayolé Ompasé, yix Wag'idesa laxa ‘ne‘memotasa Boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1109 sendayo. Then L!ax'L!rlédzemga gave birth to a | boy, and the 98 father of L!ax'L!nlédzemga, Wag'ides, named | the son of Hiwas and 1 !ax't !nlédzmmga Lelbrx salag ilis. || This was a real name, and 100 was not invented as | a name for the boy who was named Lelbex’- silagilis. It was not | long before 1 !ax'L!zlédzmemga gave birth to another boy, | and Wag’ides gave a name to his grandson. | He gave the name K° !as0¢ as the name for the boy. || He gave him improperly 5 a true name; for it is wrong, because | L!ax'L!nlédzemga was not properly married when she became the wife of Hiwas. Now | the father of Haiwas, G’éxk'rnis, died, and at once | Hiwas took the place of his father. Then his name was G’éxk'rnis. | Now telbex’- salag’ilis grew up. Then || Lelbex’salag‘ilis saw a girl belonging to 10 the | numaym Hémasxdé, the daughter of a common man whose name was Q!dmlédrnot. | His daughter’s name was also 1!ax’- Llelédzemga. | Then telbex'salagilis always went | with her to Tsaxis; for the Kwag'ul tribes had followed the || white men, when 15 they first built houses at Fort Rupert. Now | Lelbrx’salag’ilis was the lover of | L!ax'L!nlédzpmga. Then !ax'L!rlédzemga went at once into the house of her sweetheart | relbEx'salag‘ilis, and soon L!ax'L!nlédzemga was with child, | that is called ‘“‘to get pregnant outside,’’ when ‘a woman without a husband becomes pregnant. || Lailax’s‘endayo. Wéa, lanm‘laé mayul‘idé L!ax'L!nlédzemgasa ba- 97 bagimé.. Wa, li dmpas L!ax'L!elédzemga, yix Wagidesa Léxédus LElbex’salag'ilis qa Legemsa babagtimé xtindx"s Hawasa 6? L!ax’- Liglédzpmga. Wa, larm dla Légema yixs k'!ésaé 4em sEna‘yaxa 100 Légemasa babagtiméxa la Légadus LElbEex'salag‘ilis. Wa, k:!ést!a gillaxs laé ét!éd mayulidé Lax: L!rlédzemgisa babagtimé. Wai, laflaxaé hé*mé Wagvidesé Léxtéd qa Légemsés ts!ox"LEma. Wi, latmé Léxtédes K-lisr‘wé qa Légemsa babagiimé. Wa, lanmxaé wax’ flak lala Légema. Wa, li Inkwalaxs k:!ésaé qidzérasn‘wé Liax'Llnlédzemgiisés klitmxsdoté Hiiwasa. Wa, latmé im‘lé dmpas Hiwasa, yix Géxk-Enisé. Wi, héx’idanm‘lawisé Ha- wasa Liayostodxés Ompdé. Wa, latmé Légadues Géxk'Enisé: Wa, latmé qlilyaxwidé telbex'salag‘ilisé. Wa, larm‘lawisé doqtilé elbex'salagilisxa ts!mdiqé xiindx"sa gayolé laxa ‘nE- 10 ‘mémotasa Hémaxsdo, yixa brgwanrmq!alamé Légades Q!om- lédendl. Wa, la‘laé xlax'Llelédzemgax'tarm laxaé ts!ndaiqé xtinodx's. Wa, lapm‘laé telbex'salagilis hémenatarm la q!éq!nyot LE‘wé lax Tsaxisé, qaxs g’ax*maé ‘wi‘la misgeméxa Kwakig-ulaxa mamalaxs g'alaé g°ax g'Oxwalés lax Tsixisé. Wi, lamm‘laé Lelbex’- 15 salag‘ilisé wanades L!ax'L!elédzemga. Larm‘liwisé 4tmé L!ax'L!n- lédzemga 4em héx~‘ida la laéi lax g:dkwasés watnlé telbex'sila- gilis qaxs héx‘ida‘maé brewéx‘widé L!ax'L!nlédzemga. Wa, hérm Légadzs boxiilsxa wtiktmé bewex‘widexs k'!éAsaé latwinema. Wii, or . 1110 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH. ANN. 35 20 All the men and all the women made fun of her, because she got pregnant outside: therefore it occurred to L!ax'L!elédzemga that | she would go into the house of her lover Lelbrx’salag‘ilis, and | to live with him as his illegitimate wife. Now this was a new disgrace to the | numaym Elgiinwé*; for all kinds of disgrace happen to them. 25 Then || L!ax'L!nlédzemga gave birth to a boy; and immediately | the father-in-law of Lelbrx'salag’ilis, Q!omlédensdt said that he | would give a name to his grandson, and he named his grandson Wawiingendt. | And it was not long before | 1 !ax'1 !elédzemga gave 30 birth to another boy, and he did not live long || before (the boy) died. Then i !ax't!nlédzemga gave birth to another | boy, and his grandfather Q!omlédrndt gave him the name | Hayalkin. Then the name of the boy was Hayatk'in. | Hayalk’in was the youngest after his two elder brothers. | When Hayatk'in grew up, his elder 35 brother } Wawingrndt paddled, hunting at the lower end of Lr‘lad; and | there his canoe upset, and Wawtingrendt died by the upsetting of his canoe. | Now Hayatk’in was the only son of | 1 !ax'L trlédzemga and Lelbex’salag‘ilis. Now | he grew up to be a young man, and 40 he always went to the || house of Doqwiyis; for 1 !ax'L!elédzemga, the mother of | Hayatkin, said that she was a near relative of the past chief Doqwayis; | and therefore Hayaltk'in always went there. 20 li armtatayowa boxiilsasa ‘naxwa bébrgwanrma LE‘wa ‘naxwa tslédaqa. Wa, hémis giig'aégés LlaxLlelédzemga tagilas hé ég'asé 4m la laér lax g° dkwasés waLeElé LElbEx'salag‘ilisé. qa‘s Ala- gatmé kltit!exsd Le‘wé. Wa, larmxaé alég’é q!mma‘yasa ‘ne‘mé- motasa Elgtinwa‘yéxa ‘naxwa'mé q!ema‘yés gwayi‘lilasé. Wa, li 25 mayulidé Llax'L!nlédzemgisa babagiimé. Wa, héx:tidarm‘lawisé winala negiimps Lelbex'salag‘ilise, yix Q!omlédmndlé ‘néx: qa‘s hé'mé Léqéla qa Légemsés ts!ox"LEma. Wai, li Léxtédes Wawtin- genolé qa Légemsés ts!ox"LEma. Wa, k !ést!a gilaxs laé étléd mayulidé Lax" Lizlédzemgisa babagime. Wi, klést!a gal q!ti- 30 laxs laé tefléda babagttmx” dé. Wai, laxaé ét!éd mayul‘idé L!ax'L!Elé- dzemgiisa babagiimé. Wa, li gagempasé Q!omlédendlé Léx*édns a ee iné liq. Wa, latmé Légades Hayalkinéxa babagimée. Wa, la‘mé imatyenxa‘yé Hayalk‘inasés ma‘lékwé ‘no‘nela. Wa, gilsmésé q!waq !iilyax*widalé Hayatk-inaxs laé séx‘widé ‘ndlis, yix 35 Wawengenolé ga‘s li hanaz!a lax gwalais Lr‘ladé. Wa, hémis la qrbats hanax!aats!is xwak!tina. Wa, latmé qabalisemé Wawenge- noldé Jaxéq. Wa, la‘mé la ‘nemox"“*em la begwanrm xtindx"s Liax'L!rlédzemga LO® LEelbex'salag‘ilisé Hayalkiné. Wa, Jatmése qiiilyax¢wida, larm hél‘a begwanrma. Wa, la‘mé hémeniala 1a lax 40 gokwas Doqwiyis qaxs ‘nék'aé L!axL!uledzpmga, yix abempas Hayatkinaxs mag'ilaé LéLELala laxa g° igimaydlae Doqwiyiswitla. Wa, hémis lag'itas hémenata‘mé Hayalk-iné la liq. Wa, laem BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1111 Now, the | princess of Doqwiyis was grown up, and Déqwiyis was 43 the chief of the | numaym DzxrndzEenx'q!ayo; and they never thought || that Hayatkin was the lover of ‘maxitilayugwa. Then | 45 Chief Doqwiiyis became sick, and he had not been lying down more than | four days when he died. Then Hayalk’in | never left his sweetheart ‘maxtilayugwa. Now, Déoqwiyis left his copper | Lobelila, a high-priced copper. And when || ‘maxtilayugwa had been 50 an orphan for almost two months, | all the men and all the women of Fort Rupert began to talk about them secretly. | Now it was known Hayalk in was going to marry ‘maxtlayugwa; | but Hayatkin was of too low rank to marry the princess of Chief | Doqwiyis. Then they discovered that the princess ‘maxtlayugwa herself || wished 55 it: therefore they thought that she was with child, and that there- fore | she had made up her mind to marry Hayatkin. When | the chief, the father of Dodqwiyis died, | ‘maxtlayugwa gave away property at once to the Kwag'ul; and then she took the name Doqwiyis. | This was her chief’s name, and her princess name was ‘maxtilayugwa. Now she had || always two names, and she was a 60 chief on the | right-hand side, and she owned a princess on her left- hand side; for she was the only | daughter of Ddqwayis and his wife, whose name was ‘na‘nrmp !gng’ilayugwa, | the princess of the chief of the numaym | Ts!étsélwalagimé® of the ‘nemgés. Then éxent!édé k !édélas Doqwiyisé, yixs giigima‘tyaé Ddqwiyisasa 43 ‘ne‘mémotasa Dzendzenx’q!ayo. Wai, latmé héwiixa gayot k-ot!é- tse*wé Hayalk'iné waLadns ‘maxtilayugwa. Wa, la‘més ts!ex'q!e- 45 xidéda giigimaydlaé Doqwiyiswila. Wai, klést!a hiyaqax moxsa ‘naliis qrlgwita laé wik:!mxfida. Wa, lafmé Hayatk-iné héwixa basés waxalé ‘maxtlayugwa. Wa, latmé Llaqwaelalé Doqwiyisdix Lobetilaxa q!nyoxwé t!iqwa. Wi, larm elaiq mal- tspmg‘ila la xamalé ‘maxtilayugwa laasé wtinwtinosa q!éq!myodéda 50 ‘nixwa bébrgwanrm LE‘wa ‘naxwa ts!édiq lixg'a Tsaxis. Wai, laf‘mé q!alé Hayalkinaxs In‘maé gng-addlts ‘maxtlayugwa. Wa, lafmé k:!6demé Hayatk-iné la grg-adus k!édélasa gigiméx'dé, yix Doqwiyisdé. Wa, li q!istasoxs hismaaxa k:!édété ‘maxtilayugwa naqa‘ya. Wa, hémés lagilas kdtasd larm boxtilsa, yix lag-ilas 55 xEnLeEla tslasata qa’s latwadés Hayalkiné. Wa, hé*maaxs laé te‘léda g'igiméx'dé ompsé Doqwiyisdé, li héx-idaem p!esé ‘maxti- layugwixa Kwag'ulé. Wa, latmé Légades Doqwiyis. Wai, la‘mé gigextilaq. Wa, li k !détexrilax ‘maxtlayugwa. Wa, la‘mé hémenalarm ma‘ttseEmé LéLEgEmas. Wa, lafmé gigimatyé yix 60 hétk'!dt!anafyas. Wa, la k-!édaduses gemxot!ana‘yé, yixs ‘nEmox"- ‘maé xtndx"s Dodqwayisdé Lefwés genEmoléxa Legadis ‘na‘nEm- plengilayugwa, yix klédétwtitasa g'igimaydlasa ‘ne*mémotasa Ts!éts!élwalagima* yasa ‘nemgés. Wa, latmé Hayatk-iné qidzéiax 1112 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35 65 Hayalkin married || Doqwiyis, and it was not long before ‘maxii- layugwa gave birth | to a boy. Now, ‘maxtilayugwa herself caused her name to be disgraced | and to.become a bad name, because she had a common man for a husband, | for Hayaltkin had no chiefs among his ancestors. | Now ‘maxttayugwa was called a fool on 70 account of what she had done; and so || all her children will be bad on their father’s side, and | they will be in vain good on their mother’s side. Now Dédqwiyis gave away | to Hayalk'in the copper Lobetlila left behind by the chief, her father. | Then she gave in marriage the name Wanuk" for the name of Hayalk in. | Now Hayatkin had 75 obtained a chief’s name, and || he was no longer called Hayatk in, because he obtained by good luck the real name | Wanuk*. And now he had the name Wanuk®; for now he invited all the | tribes with the price of the copper Lobelila. Now, | it was just as though Wanuk" had taken away the copper from the father of his wife, | for the deceased Dodqwiiyis was going to sell his copper in order to 80 invite || all the tribes: therefore all the men were sick at heart | on account of what Wanuk® and: his | illegitimate wife ‘maxilayugwa had done, she whose name was now Doqwiyis. | j There was one woman whose name was Q!walax'alayugwa, who was always | going to Victoria, for she was a prostitute. When she 85 came home to || Fort Rupert, she brought many blankets, and she | 65 Doqwayisé. Wai, dlak'!alat!a k'!és giilaxs laé mayuré ‘maxtilayu- gwiisa babagimé. Wa, larm q!tléx'semé ‘maxilayugwa q!amigvila qa‘s Lagadésa *yax'sEmé Légemé qaxs laé facwadasa brgwanrmgq !a- lnméxa k'!é4sé g'iqag'iwafyé wiwompwtias Hayalk'iné. Wa, latmé LéqElasE*weé emaxgtilaymiewas nEnold qaés gwex*‘idaasé. Wa, hé*meé- 70 séxs liLé ‘naxwanml lat ‘yax'k!ot!enalaLé sisemaséxés ask’ !ote. Wa, la éx’k: !0t !enalal wax'Laxés abask'!oté. Wa, la‘mé sap!edé Doqwa- yisasa L!aqwaélawa‘yasés g'igimayola Omp, yix Lobetila lax Hayal- kiné. Wa, li régemg'pxnalax Wanuk" qa Léegems Hayatk-iné. Wa, lafmé lire Hayalk: inaxa gigimédzesé Légema. Wa, la‘mé 75 gwat Léegades Hayalkiné, qaxs le‘maé Logwalaxa dlak' lala Légemé Wanukwa. Wa, larm Légades Wanuk*, yixs laé Lélalaxa ‘naxwa lélqwilaafya yis kilomax Lobelilaxa L!aqwa. Wa, lafmé ‘nema- x‘isé Wanukwé Lo® lénemanemaxa L!aqwa lax Ompdisés genremé qaxs wax'ilaxsdé laxddé Doqwiyisdixés Llaqwa qats Lélrlayaxa 80 ‘naxwa lélqwilatatya. Wai, hé‘mis lagvitas flak: lala ts!exilé néna- qafyasa ‘naxwa bébrgwanrm qa gwex‘idaasas Wanukwé Lr‘wis klut !pxsdotée cereale ugwa, yixa la Légades Doqwiyisé. Wi, la ‘nrmodkwa ts!edagé LégadEs Q!walax: alayugwaxa héme- nata la laxa Ts!amasé qaxs L!Asgasaé. Wi, g'ixé nainakwa lax g5 Tsaxiseé. Wa, lafmé malaxa q !enEmé p!elxelasgema. Wi, li hé goas] FAMILY HISTORIES 11138 carried them into the house of Wanuk», but Q!walax'alayugwa 86 was no | relative of Wanuk", (but) she had no relatives living. | Therefore she went into the house of Wanuk*. | Then Maléd intended to sell his copper named WaAx'sé‘stala, || and Q!walax'’alayugwa 90 bought it with seven hundred and sixty | blankets (which she paid) for the copper Wax'sé‘stala. Before | long Q!walax'alayugwa be- came sick, and she also | died, and Wanuk® obtained by luck the copper Waxsetstala. | Now Wanuk® sold Wax'sé‘stala, and it was bought || for five thousand one hundred and twenty blankets; | and 95 Wanuk again invited all the tribes; and | he took the name of the father of Q!walax’alayugwa, | whose name was Wag‘ides. Now they stopped calling Wanuk*, Wanuk, | for he had the name Wag'ides. Now || his child had the name Hiimadzalas, and now 200 Wag’ ides was called | chief because he had invited twice the tribes. | Then the heart of Wag’ides was proud because he was spoken to as a chief by | all the chiefs of all the tribes. And in the feast | his seat was among the real chiefs. || Now, you, Chief Dr. Boas, you must have been surprised when I 5 went to | Chicago with Johnny Wanuk® and his wife Doqwiyis! |— that is ‘maxtilayugwa— when I called ‘maxtilayugwa a queen, | but Johnny Wanuk® was just like a slave of his wife ‘maxtilayugwa. mawiLé ge dkwas Wanukwe, yixs Ik lesad Q!walaxalayugwa LéLE- 86 Lala lax Wanukwé, yixs k'!easaé la q!itlas LéveLalax’dis Q!walax’a- layugwa. Wa, hémis lagvilas hé laéré gokwas Wanukwe. Wi, la laxoyuwa L!aqwaxa Légades Wax"sé‘stala, yis Maledé. Wii, la k-ilxtwidé Q!walax‘alayugwisa mama‘igiinalp!rnyag‘alasa q!eL!ax'- 90 sokwé p!elxrlasgem laxa Llaqwa lax Wax'séstala. Wa, k-léstla gillaxs laé ts!ex'q!exidé Q!walaxalayugwa. Wa, larmxaé wik«!n- saidati Wa, laemxaé Wanukwé Logwalax Wax"sé‘stalaxa Liaqwa. Wa, lafmé Wanukwé laxddex WaAx'sé‘stala. Wai, latmé kilxwa sEfwa yisa q!aq!an!ep!enyag’andlasa ma‘itsokwé p!elxElasgema. 95 Wi, laemxaé Wanukwé vételaxa ‘naxwa lélqwilatatya. Wis, la‘mé Wanukwe ax‘édex Légemas Ompwilas Q!walax‘alayugwax'dé, yixa Legades Wag-ides. Wa, latmé gwal Légadé Wanukwas Wanukws. Wi, la‘mé Légades Wagvidesé. Wai, lafmé Légadé babagiimé xti- nox's yis Himadzalas. Wa, latmé Léqalase'we Wag-idesas gige- 200 ma‘yé qaxs laé malp!ena Lélailaxa ‘nixwa lélqwilaratya. Wi, lafmé Lemqa niaqatyas Wagvidesé qaxs laé gag evrlaqwalasosa ‘nixwa gig'Egimésa ‘naxwa lélqwilatatya. Wa, lafmé k!wagélitxa fla‘mé g*ig'Egiméxs k!wélaé. a: Wa, yan, g igime® Dr. Boas, yixs q!ayaxag'aneEmaaqés lax 5 Chiagoxg'en li Lo Johnny Wanuk" LE‘wis geneEmé Déoqwiyis, yix ‘maxtilayugwaxg‘in lak: Léqalas Queen lax ‘maxtilayugwa. Wa, Afmésé ‘nemax‘isé Johnny Wanukwé 16‘ q!ak-dsés genEmé ‘maxiila- 1 They were among the Kwakiutl who visited the World’s Fair in 1893, 1114 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (PTH. ANN. 35 And this is what I now talk about, the ancestors of the married 10 couple || Wanuk" whose name was Wag’ides, which name he obtained from | Q!walax' alayugwa, and his illegitimate wife ‘maxtilayugwa. | - I only wish you to know that Wag'ides probably thought that you considered him a real | chief. This is called by the Indians “‘ a-newly- made-chief,”’ | like Wag'’ides in the numaym Elgtinwé.. || 15 When we came back to Fort Rupert Wag’ ides went into his house, | and he said at once that he would buy oil with | the money that he had obtained, paid by you, Dr. F. Boas. Then he gave a grease | feast to all the tribes, and now his wife ‘maxtilayugwa | gave him the 20 marriage name Kwaktx‘alas for the feast name of her || husband Wagiides. Now, ‘maxtilag’ilis, | the chief next to L!aqwalal, chief of the | numaym Laalax's‘rndayo, became sick. Now, he had the copper Lobetila. | Wag'ides always took care of him; and when he 25 became very | sick, Wag‘ides took the chief ‘maxiilag’ilis || into his house. At once ‘maxiilag’ilis said to | Wag‘ides, ‘“You make me glad, because you take pity on me, because you | come and do good to me. If I should die quickly, | only take this my copper Lobetila, and sell it, and | invite again all the tribes.’ Thus he said to him in 30 the morning. || And when night came ‘maxiilag’ilis died. | Wag*ides also obtained by good luck the copper Lobetila. Now, | Wag’ides yugwa. Wis, g‘a‘mésen la gwagwex's‘alasé g'alemgalisasa hayasE- 10 k-alé Wanukwa, yixa la LégadEs Wag*idesxés hélanEmé Légem lax Q!walaxalayugwole, LE‘wis k'!titexsdote ‘maxtlayugwa. Wa, A‘men ‘néx’ qa‘s q!aladsax Wag-idesé yixs ‘nég‘anrmaak‘osaq Alarm gigimatya. Wa, héem gwe‘ydsa bak!umé ata‘lék" g-igimatya vie Wag'idesé laxés ‘nn*mémota Elgtinwa‘yé. 15 Wa, g’axenu'x" ni‘nak" lax Tsaxisak’. Wa, li laéx laxés g-Okwé Wag'idesé. Wa laxaé héx'‘idarm ‘néx’ qa‘s k-ilxwéxa L!é'na yisés gwiinrmé dalaxés hilagemds Dr. F. Boasaq. Wii, lafmé i!énag-ila kiwe‘lasxa ‘nixwa lélqwilaratye. Wa, la‘mé genrmasé ‘maxt- layugwa Legemgelxialax Kwakiix‘dlas qa k!wéladzExniiyosés 20 tafwitinemé Wagidesé. Wai, la‘mésé ts!px'q!ex"idé ‘maxtilag‘ilisxa gigimatye makilixa g‘igimatyé Liaqwalaléxa g igima‘yasa ‘nE- ‘mémotasa Lailax's‘endayo. Wai, larm L!agwades Lobelila. Wa, latmé Wag‘idesé hémrnala la Saxélaq. Wa, g'ilfmésé la Alax‘tid ts!px’ q laxs laé Wag'idesé ix°édxa gigimatyé ‘maxtilag‘ilisé qa‘s lis 25 laxés g’Okwé. Wii, afmisé héx’ eidatmé ‘maxtlag’ flise ‘nékax Wa- gidesé: “Larms ék'amasg’rn nagék qaés inesayes wisEn qa‘s g@axads aékila g°axeEn. Wa, hé*maak'Eni6 yix'Elalax wik:!px‘édn- lax las 4gm ix*¢dxdx Lobelilaxen L!aqwax qa‘s lixddadsasox qa‘s ét!lédads Lételaxwa ‘naxwix lélqwilatafya,’ ‘néx‘laéqxa gaala. 30 Wa, g'iltmésé ginulidexs laé wik-!ex‘édé ‘maxiilag‘ilisdé. Wa, larmxaé Logwalé Wag‘idesaxa L!aqwa lax Lobelila. Wa, lazmxaé nos] FAMILY HISTORIES 1115 sold that also. Then he invited all the tribes. | Now Wag'ides was 33 really proud, | and said that he was not afraid of any one, even notof the true chiefs of || all the tribes. | 35 Then Wag’ ides sat among all the chiefs of the tribes, | when they were all invited by the Lawéts!és. This is called | the chief’s feast. Wag’ ides boasted, saying that he was not | afraid of any one; and therefore the chief of the Mamaléleqila, || whose name was ‘walas 40 Kwax ilanoktimé®, became angry. Then the | chief, ‘walas Kwax'i- landkiimé*, became angry. Then the | chief, ‘walas Kwax‘ilan- dkiimé®, said that he would put him back into the place of | the slaves his forefathers. Thus he said. Then he took | the expensive copper named Q!rmts!axsdé and | broke it, and he asked one man to throw || the copper into the sea outside the village Qalogwis; and 45 after | he had finished, T!éqwap arose and sent a man | to get his copper Ts!igés; and when that man came | carrying Ts!agés, he gave it to T!éqwap. Then he spoke, | and said to his uncle, ‘wilas Kwax ilandktiim鮑, “ Now, || chief, you told us to do this to him who 50 claims that he is not afraid of any one, | thisnew man Wag" ides— that little slave who comes from his slave ancestors: | Now I’ll try him who claims to be a | true chief.’’ Thus he said, and broke the copper Tslagés. He | said, ‘‘Chief Wag'ides, now you will be a bullhead Wag'idese lixddeq. Wi, larmxaé rélalas lixa ‘naxwa lélqwila- 32 Lat‘ya. Wi, lafmé flax'dela Lemqé naqa‘yas Wagvidesé. Larm ‘nék'exs kleasaé la k‘ilems laxa wax'‘mé Alak'!ala la g-igimiisa ‘naxwa lélqwalata‘ya. 35 Wi, latmésé Wag-idesé k!wagélitxa ‘naxwa g'ig'Egimésa lélqwi- lana‘yé, yixs laé ‘wi‘la Léla‘lax"sa Lawéts!ésé. Wa, hérm Légades gigélkwa k!welé. Wa, la Wagvidesé q!ayddalag flit nék-rxs k !ea- saé k‘ilema. Wa, hé‘mis lagvitas ‘yak-ililé g'igimatyasa Mamaléle- qilaxa LégadEs ‘wailas Kwaxilanoktmé. Wé, la‘mé ‘nék-éda g'i- 40 gima*‘yé éwalas Kwax‘ilandktimé qa‘s aédaaqés “lax gwéx'sdEmasés q!aq!akwag*iwa‘yads yixés galemg‘alisads,” ‘éx" ‘laéxs laé dax-tid- xa qlayoxwé Lliqwaxa Légades Q!emts!axsdé. Wa, la‘mé k6- qwaq. Wa, la ixk lalaxa ‘nrmokwée begwanEm qa ies ts!mxstEn- daxa L!aqwa laxa Llasakwasa gOktla lax Qalogwisé. Wa, g-ilfmésé 45 gwala laé rax‘tlilé Tleqwapé qa‘s ‘yalaqésa ‘nemokwé brgwanrm qa las 4x‘édex Llaqwis yix Ts!agésé. Wa, g'il‘mésé g-axéda begwa- nem dalax Tsligésé 1a ts!as lax Tléqwapé. Wa, la yiq!ng-a‘ta. Wa, la ‘nék-a laxés q!tiléyé ‘walas Kwax‘ilandkiimé: “Laq!amaaqés ‘néka, gigimé’, qens hé gweéx“‘idexg’a ‘nék'bq k leds k‘ilem laxg-a- 50 da alak’ begwanrma, yixwa qlaq lagtimex gig'ELEla laxés wiwomp- wittasox Wag'ideséx. Wa, la*mésrn gtinx*‘iddlxwa ‘nékéx larm flaem g'igima‘ya,” ‘nék‘exs laé kox‘widex Tsligésé. Wi, li nék'a: “Wa, gigimayai’, Wagvidesai’, larms lat k: lOmasox Qalo- 1116 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (ETH. ANN. 35 55 of Qalogwis.” || Thus he said, and gave the rib of the copper to a | man, and told him to throw it into the sea outside | of the village. Thus he said to him. Then K !wamaxalas, | chief of the Hixwamis, arose, and he sent a man | to get the copper named Kwéxanrem. 60 Now he broke || it on account of Wag'ides, and he gave him the rib. This was | given to Wag'ides. Then Wag'ides became a slave again | after this. He could not get three large | coppers to break to meet the other three; and he thought it best | not to go with his tribe 65 when they were invited by the tribes, || because he was really ashamed. Now ‘maxtlayugwa never became a true chieftainness. | The copper Lobetila that was broken on account of Wag'ides, is worth | twelve thousand blankets; and | the copper Ts !iges, broken by T!éqwap on account of Wag'ides, | is worth nine thousand 70 blankets; and || the great copper Kwéxanrm, broken by K!wama- xalas on account of Wag'ides, | is worth eighteen thousand blan- kets. | Now, Wag‘ides could not get thirty-nine thousand | blankets to buy three coppers | to meet those broken; and all the Kwag'ut 75 were ashamed || on account of what they had done. That is the end of this. I ratdsp this: that the eldest of the children of | Wag*ides and his wife ‘maxtilayugwa died. She took the one next to (the eldest), | and Doqwayis put him into the numaym Dzendzenx’ q!ayo, | and 55 ewisex,” ‘nék'Exs laé ts!4sa galasa‘yasés L!aqwax'dé laxa enkmokwé begwanEma. WA, la nék-nq: “Hag‘a ts!exstentsdq" laxa L!asa- gr REED 2 Ox'"demséx,” ‘nék' bq. Wa, lafmé Lax*itilité- K !wamaxa- lasxa gigimafyasa Haxwamisé. Wa, li ‘yalaqasa begwanrm qa liis ix*édnx Llaqwiiséxa Légades Kwéxanemé. Wa, larmxaé k-Ox‘wi- 60 deq qa Wagtidesé. Wa la yax‘witsa galasatyé lag. Wa, la‘mé ts!ewé lax Wagidesé. Wa, la‘me ét!éd la q!alq!ax"sé‘sta Wag'i- désé laxéq. Wa, lanm k‘!efs gwr‘yoLatsex yudtx'"sema fw L!a- Llaqwa qa‘s k'ak‘ogwalayixa yudtix'srmé. Wai, héxent!a ég’atsexs klésaé la lalasgeméxés g‘oktlotaxs Lélalase‘waasa léelqwilata‘yé 65 qaxs flaé max'ts!a. Wa, lafmé hewixa modzélidé ‘maxtlayugwa. Hé*maé Lobelilaxa L!aqwa la k-Oqwasd® qa Wag-ides yixs ma‘ig'n- yop!enaé loxsemx"‘id p!elxelasgpmé ladxwas. Wa, hé‘misé Ts!i- gésxa Lliqwa k‘dqwasds T!éqwap qa Wag‘ides yixs nitnamap!Enaé loxsemx: ‘id p!rlxglasgemé laoxwas. Wa, hé‘misé Kwéxanrmxa 70 ‘walas L!aqwa k‘Oqwasos K!wamaxalas qa Wagvides, yixs ma‘igi- naleg'nyop!rnaé loxsremx‘‘id p!elxElasgemé laioxwas. Wai, latmé k leas gwE*yOLasé Wag'idesax mamodsgemg'ustalasa ‘nisnamap!ena loxsemx“‘id p!elxElasgem qa‘s kilémx yadtix'sema L!aL!aqwa qa‘s kakogwalaya. Wa, li ‘naxwarm max‘ts!@da Kwag'ulas gwéx’‘i- 75 daasaq. Wa, laem laba laxéq. ; Héxouen L!nléwésE‘wa yixs laé Im‘lé ‘nolast!egmema‘yas sisemas Wag idesé LE‘wis genemé ‘maxtilayugwa. Wa, la &x*édxa mak ‘ilig qa lis LaxYstddex Dodqwiyisé lJaxa ‘ne‘mémotasa DzendzEnx:- roas] FAMILY HISTORIES 1117 his name was Doqwiyis. And ‘maxtlayugwa || put his younger S0 brother in the numaym Ts léts lélwalagimes | of the Nimkish, as chief Q!timx‘alag’ilis; for he was the father of | ‘nitneEmp tongs i- layugwa, the mother of ‘maxtilayugwa. Now | the name of the son of Wag'ides was Q!iimx’alag’ilis among the Nimkish. | Now ‘maxti- layugwa herself thought little of her igen adh | Story OF THE LELEGEDR, Q!6mx' !ur!ns, KwAG' un Thisis the tale of the reason why the double-headed serpent is on the | outer front of the house of Lalép!alas at Q!rg’és, for that is where the | ancestors of the numaym LéLEgéd live, who have as their chief Lalep !alas. | The young men were talking about a salmon of bright color |! which they were trying to spear in the river of Q!rg’ és, for their house was on the bank of the river. | They could not hit it when they were trying to spear it, for there were many | steel- head salmon there, and one of them had a very bright color. Then | Chief Lalep!alas said that he would try to spear it, for he was a, | good spearsman, because he was a seal-hunter. They || went and followed him to the river. Many young men followed | their chief Lalep!alas. When they got to what was | referred to by the young q!ayowe. Wa, la‘mé Légades Doqwiyisé. Wai, laxaé ‘maxtilayu- gwa ix‘édex ts!a‘yis qa‘s lis lax ‘nz*mémotasa Ts!éts létwalagima- fyasa ‘nEmgeséxa gigimaydlae Qlimx‘alag‘ilis yixs hétmaé omps ‘nafnrmp!Eeng" ilayugwa yix ibempas ‘maxtilayugwa. Wai, hé‘mis la Légems xtindkwas Wagridesé Q!imx‘alag‘ilisé laxa ‘nemgésé. Wai, lem q !iiléx's*mé ‘maxtilayugwa k*!otaxés la‘wtinnmé.? STORY OF THE LELEGEDE, Q!omxK'!uT!Es, KwAa'un Wa, ga‘més niiyamsa gaxélas 4xéwa‘ya sisryuLé lax tsiqema- ‘yas L!asanftyasa g*Okwas Lalep!alas lax Q!ng-és, yixs hiaxl g-dkilé galisa ‘ne‘mémotasa LéeLEgédéxa g‘igadiis Lilep !alasé. Wai, lazm- ‘lawiseda h&tyal‘a gwagwex's‘ala laxés wax'a srk‘aso® éx-stok!tin kldtela lixa ‘wis Q!eg‘ésé qaxs hé'maé g° okwigésr*wa ‘wa, yixs k'lésaé qlapaqéxs wax‘aé srk-aq, yixs q!énemaéda k’!otelaxa gexwa. Wa, la‘laé Loma éx‘stdk!tna ‘nemé. Wa, larm‘lawisa gigima‘yé Lalep!alasé ‘nék: qa‘s lé gtinx‘id sEx“ideq qaxs flak: !a- laé sek*!énoxwa qaxs %lé*winoxwaaxa meégwate. Wa, lax-dax"laé qas‘ida ‘nagamalaxa ‘wa. Wi, larm‘laé lig‘a‘yéda q !énemé hi‘ya- pases gigima‘yé Laleplalase. Wa, g-il'em‘liwise lag’aa lax gwE- ‘yisa hityalfa mag‘ittalatsa éx‘stok!iina k'!dtela laé ixk-!dlase¢wo 1 Continued on p. 778, line 1. 1 5 — 0 80 1 5 10 1118 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 35 13 men as the bright salmon swimming about, | Lalep!alas was asked to stand downstream from the place where the bright | salmon was 15 swimming about. He had not been standing there long when || Lalep !alas saw a very bright salmon. Immediately he | threw his spear and hit it. He took it and went home | to his house. Before he got to his house he felt | like giddy, and he just hid the salmon | 20 and went to his house, and before long he was very sick. || When he arrived in front of his house, he just | sat down; and there it was seen by his wife, ‘na‘nemp !eng’ilayugwa, | that her husband was very sick. Therefore | she built a small hut over him. And when they finished the house for the sick man, the ancestors | of the numaym 25 LéLegéd went to see their chief Lalep !alas. || Their chief was hardly alive. Then Lalep!alas heard | a canoe coming to the beach in front of the sick man’s hut, and he heard | a man say, “Go to him and let our | friend come.’’ Thus said what was heard by the sick Lalep!alas. Then the one who was sent said, | “I can not go to 30 our friend for || many are watching him.” ‘Thus he said. Then the man who had | spoken just said, ‘Just come aboard the canoe. Let me | go and pull him out.’”’ Thus he said. Then the man stepped out of the canoe, and | went into the sick man’s hut where Lalep !alas was lying down. Then he took the | soul of Lalep !alas, 13 Lalep!alas qa‘s hi Latwisa gwaibalisasa magviltalasasa éx‘stok!iné k-lotela. Wa, wilaxdzé‘laé giila laxés La‘widzasé laarl dox‘waLerlé 15 Lalep!alasaxa li la éx‘stok!in k:!dtela. Wa, héx-idaem‘lawisé sEx“idnq. Wai, la‘mé q!apaq. Wa, la‘laé ix*édmq qa‘s lé né*nak® laxés g'dkwa. Wi, k-!és‘nm‘liwisé lag-aa laxés g-Okwaxs laarl hé gweéx's k'!ndelxannaktlé. Wai, dem‘lawisé la q!rlatesaxa k-!otela qa‘s li; hayatnmk:!a laxés g-Okwaxs k:!és‘maé flax“‘id ts!ex'q !ex“‘ida. 20 Wi, gil‘mm‘lawisé lag-aa lax Llasana‘yasés g'okwé laarl dem k!wa- gazlsa. Wa, lamm‘laé dogtltsés genrmé ‘na*nemp!engilayugwa, yixs Alaé ts!ex‘q!és lafwiinemé. Wa, lag'itas fem héx-‘idanm hosgemelsaq. Wa, gil‘em‘lawise gwala hosé laa‘lasa g-alisa ‘nE- ‘mémotasa LeLBgeds la dwelpaxés gigima‘yé Lalep!alase. Wa, 25 lanm‘laé halsrlazm la sak: legelséda gigimatyé. Wa, la‘laé wiLe- laxa g‘axalis xwak!iina lixa L!ema‘isas hodzasas. Wa, laé witE- laxa bregwainrma ‘nék‘a: ‘‘Hag-a laqd qa g‘axlag‘isens ‘nbmd- kwax,” ‘néx“‘laé wittelas Lalep!alaséxa ts!ex-q!a. Wa, la‘laé ‘nék-a wax'é ‘yailagema: ‘‘‘ya, k-leadzen gwayoLasg’Ens ‘neEmoktk’ qaxs 30 q!énrmég'a q!Esémsg‘aqEk-,” ES ‘las. Wa, dem‘lawisa g-ilx-dé yaq!ent!ala begwanrm ‘néka: “ Wa, gélag‘a, 4em g-ax‘alpxs qen la néxawelsaqo,” ‘néx“laé. Wa, gax‘lae laltawéda beganemé qa‘s la laén laxa hosé qulk!wadzasas Lalep!alasé. Wa, la‘mé &’xddex brexti- nafyas Lalep!alasé qa‘s li laxsas laxés yatyats!é xwak!tina. Wai, BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1119 and went aboard his canoe. || Lilep!alas knew that he had gone 35 aboard the canoe. | He heard those say in the hut where he had Jain, when he was taken | by the man, ‘Oh! He is dead!” Thus they said, and ! ail the women began to wail. They had not been paddling long when they arrived at | many houses. There were really many people. Then || they all went ashore out of the canoe, 40 and went into the great | house. Then Lalep!alas was asked to sit down | near the door of the large house on the right-hand side. | Then Lalep !alas looked at the great raven which was sitting in the | middle of the doorway. Its legs were spread apart, and the doorway was between the || legs, and a double-headed serpent was on top of 45 the front outside | of the house, and a wolf was standing on the head of the man in the middle of the | double-headed serpent. Then he remembered this. Lalep!alas just sat down. | Then a handsome man spoke ! and said, ‘Stand up, spirits, and let us be happy ana || dance on account of the game of our friend Dadoxkwéné*.” He | 50 meant the salmon speared by Halep !alas, for the bright salmon was a double-headed serpent. | Then the spirits arose, and immediately | a man came to where Lalep!alas was sitting | and said, ‘O friend Lalep!alas! run away, else you might || stay away. Just look at 55 this house and imitate it.”’ | Thus he said. Then Lalep !alas was glad larm‘laé q!4telafmé Lalep!alas yixs laé laxs laxa xwak!iina. Wa, 35 la‘laé witalaxa ‘nek-a lax hosé qulk!wadzats yixs g-alaé ix‘étsn‘wa yisa begwanrmé: “A, ]e°mox wék:!px‘ida,’’ ‘néx’‘laéxs laé q !waq !tisa- wéda ‘naxwa ts!édaqa. Wa, k:lés‘lat!a gila séxwaxs laé lig‘aa laxa q!énemé gdkitlaxa Loma q!énem lélqwilatatya. Wa, lazm‘liwisé éwitla hox'witlta laxés ya‘yats!é xwak!iina qa‘s li hogwit lixa ‘wilasé 40 gdkwa. Wa, latmé aixsewé Lalep!alasé qa‘s hé‘mé k!wag-alité max’stalitasa t!exvilisa ‘walasé gokwa lax hélk'!otstalilas. Wa, larm‘laé Lalep!alas doqitlaxa ‘walasé gwa‘wina k!waét lax nexsté- tyasa tlmxilé. Wa, la‘laé gaxala hémé la t!exilé awagawatyas gogtigwatyas. Wi, hémisa siseyiré gégiwésa tsigemas L!asana- 45 tyasa g’ékwé. Wa, li g‘ilatéda avanemé lax x‘dmsas bak‘awa‘yasa sisEyuLé. Wa, lanm‘laé g‘ig‘aéqnlaq. Wa, hérm‘lawis alés k!wa- g-alité Lalep!alas laa‘lasé yaq!ng-a‘léda éx‘sokwé begwanrm. Wii, Jatlaé ‘néka: ‘‘ Wag’it la q!wag-ilitex hanyalilagas qens éek:!éq !alé yixwa qa0x yanrmaxseEns ‘nemédkwaé Dadoxkwena‘ya,”’ héem gwe- 50 tyaséda k-!otela seg‘ekwas Lilep!alas yixs siseyiLaéxa éx‘stok !iné k lotela. Wa, latlaé q!wag-ililéda hanyatilagasé. Wia,héx-‘idarm- ‘lawisa ‘nEmokwé begwanEm gax lax k!waélasas Lalep!alas. Wa, la‘laé nék-a: ‘‘‘ya, qast, Lalep!lalas. Hag-a k-!éxwax Aas g’axlax xEk'!a lag". Atma doqwalaxdxda g’dkwéx qa‘s nanaxts!nweLo- 55 saq’,” ‘néx*‘laé. Wa, Ala‘lat!a Lalep!alasé molas waldrmas qaxs 1120 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH, ANN. 35 57 on account of what he had said, | for the one who had told Lalep !alas to run away said also that this was | the gathering-place of the souls of the dead; and when | the spirits began to sing, Lalep !alas ran out 60 of the door of the || house, and ran along the beach. He went a | long distance, and arrived at a place where eagle-down was thick. He had not | gone far when his breath gave out. Then he died again. | Then he heard the words of another tribe | where he was 65 staying. He was taken and buried on a tree. || There was no coffin. This was the village of Winalag‘ilis. ! Before evening a man came and | sat down at the place where he was. Then the man spoke, |! and said, ‘O, friend Lalep!alas! how is your mind? Don't you | 70 wish to go home to your country?”’ Thus he said. Then || Lalep!- alas replied and said, ‘‘Indeed, but I wish in vain, | for I do not know in what direction my house is.” Thus said Lalep!alas to the | man. Then the man spoke again, | and said, ‘‘T am Bluejay. Arise and | sit on my back that I may take you to your house.” 75 Thus said Bluejay to him. || Lalep!alas went at once and sat on his back; and | Bluejay flew imland over a great mountain. | And when they had passed over the mountain, they arrived. It was nearly | dark in the evening. And halep!alas saw that his | hut was still 57 laé néida la axk'lalax Lalep!alasé qa k* !éxwés, yixs hémaé la q!ap!énakilats brex‘tina‘yasa la léte‘la. Wai, gil‘em‘lawisé denx- ‘idéda hanyatilagasé laaflasé Lalep!alasé dzex‘wels lixa t!nx‘ilisa 60 gokwé qa’s dzrlx*waésrlé lixa L!pma‘isé. Wi, lanm‘lawisé qwés- gilaxs laé lag‘aa laxa wikwé qemxwasa kwéek*. Waéi, k!és‘lat!a qwésgilaxs laé wibalisema. Wi, lansmxaé wék:!mx‘éda. Wi, la Jata ‘naxwabm wiitElax waldmemasa dgti‘la‘mé la lélqwilaza‘yés la ixisa. Wa, lamm‘laé ax‘étse*wa qa‘s li wiinpmtaso® laxa Lasé. 65 Wai, lamm k‘!e4s dmg‘ats!és. Wa, hépm‘rl gdx"demtsa Winalag‘i- lisé la Axats. Wa, k:!és‘lat!a lamm dziqwaxs gixaasa begwankmé k!wag'aatela lax axdsas. Wa, la‘laéda brgwanmmé yaq!ng-a‘ta. Wai, latlaé néka: ‘‘*ya, qast, Lalep!alas. Wialés niqa‘yaqos k lésas ‘nek qa‘s lads né‘nak® laxés Awinagwisads,” ‘néx“laé. Wa, la‘laé 70 Lalep!alasé natnaxméq. Wa, laflaé ‘néka: ‘‘Qaten wax'a 4pm- x‘st!mn k lés q!4tnlax gwiiqunwa‘yaasasé,’ ‘néx‘laé Lalep!alasé laxa bregwinrmé. Wis, latlaé édzaqwa yaq!ng‘a‘téda begwanemé. Wai, latlaé ‘nék-a: ‘““Nogwanm kisktsa. Wig-a LaxELelax qa‘s g’axads k!wig'é g'axen qEn li taddds laxés gdkwads,’’ ‘néx‘laé ktsktisaq. 75 Wa, latlaé Lalep!alasé héx-‘idazm la k!wig-endeq. Wi, la‘laé kisktis aaLaaqaxs laé p!rl‘ida qa‘s lé p!xltseq!axa ‘walasé neg‘é. Wi, gilfem‘lawisé hayaqaxa neg*i laé lag’aa. Wa, la‘laé Elag p!edpx*‘idaxa dzaqwa laaflasé Lalep!alas doqtilaqéxs héx’si‘maé liis hosé. Wéi, latlaé laén lag. Wi, la‘laé dox*waLblaxés 6k!wina‘yaxs BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES et i there. He went in, and he saw his body || lying there dead. Then his soul went into it, | and immediately the body became warm. In the ; morning when day came many men and women came in | to wail, and they came to bury him. Then one man | went into the hut, and the man saw that Lalep !alas || was alive, and at once he spoke with him. | Then they made a house just like the house where he had been; | and therefore the numaym LéLrgéd own the house. | This is all. | WAxAP!ALASO® (LELEGED, Q!0mx’ !ur!es, KwaAc ur) The ancestor of the Yaéx'agemé*® Yixageme‘, lived at Xtidzn- dzalis, | at the village site Lex’siwé*; and | Waxap!alaso‘, and his prince XAxosenisos, Tee on the east side of Xtidzrdzilis; | and it is said that Yix'agemé || and Waxap!alaso*, claimed Xtidzmdzaélis as their property. Finally Waxaplalaso® began to get tired | of Yix agemé®*. He moved away. | and came to Grek’ !mxsdels with his prince, Xaxosendso‘,| and they built a house there; and when the house they built was finished, | Waxap !alaso* lay down on his back, thinking what to do. || Then it occurred to him that he had been told in his former vilage, Xtidzedzalis, | from a man who lived at Aozop! la, a Qwéq'sot!énox". | He did not name Bint, for he did not hémaé alés yaq !tisé. Wa, laelas lalak-axés bx cuinayede. Wai, héx‘idabm‘lawise ts!elx*widé ok!wina‘yas. Wa, larm‘lawisé ‘nax“idxa gaalixs gaxaasa q!emala bebegwanrm LE‘wa ts!édaqé qiwaq!isilaxa wtinemtataq. Wa, la‘laéda ‘nemokwé brgwanem laéx laxa hose. Wii, la‘laé doxtwatuléda begwankrmax Lalep!alasax q!iilaé, qaxs 4*maé héx-‘idanm yaéq!ng:att LE‘we. Wa, lacmé azm héx'idaem g*okwélaxa gokwe hé gwex'sé gokwasés laasdé. Wai, hémis g'axélts g-Ogwadéda ‘nE‘mémotasa LéeLEgedisa g'okwe. Wa, lakm laba. WAXAP!ALASO® (LELEGED, Q!omxK'!uT!ns, Kwaa-ur) Goktla‘laé g-alisa Yaéx-agema‘yé yix Yixagema‘yé lax Xtidzn- dzalisé, lax gwak:!dtas ‘wis Lex’siwafyé. Wii, la‘laé g-dktilé Waxa- plalaso® Le‘wis LaweElgiima‘tyé Xaxosendso* lax ‘nalandlisas XitidzE- dzalisé. Wa, larm‘lawisé hémenilarm lénemap!é Yix‘agema‘yé Loe Waxap!alaso‘waxa xisElis Xtidzedzalisé. Wii, liclaé k: lilt ede Waxap!alaso‘was Yix‘agematyé. Wi, larm‘laé mawa Waxap!alaso* qa’s g'axé lax Grk:!nxsdnlsé Le‘wis Liwtlgama‘yé Xaxoseniso*. Wi, latlaé g-okwéla qa‘s g-okwa. Wii, laflaé gwalé g-okwéla‘yas. Larm‘lawisé Waxap!alaso< t!ég-il sen‘yastdlit qa‘s gwég'ilasa. Wa, la‘laé g'ig'aéx*édxa g-axé ts!ek-!alem laxés galé g-dktilasé Xtidzn- dzalisé, yisa gix‘idé lax Xoxop!a Qwéq"sdt!énox" bregwanEma. Wi. lafmé k:!és Léx*édex Legemas qaxs k'!ésaé q!atelax Légemas. 80 85 or 10 80 or 10 1122 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH, ANN. 35 14 know his name. | The visitor had said to Waxap!alaso®, | ‘Look out for the one of our tribesmen who has a great treasure !—I mean | 15 Head-Winter-Dancer—-for he will go around our world to play | with the people of supernatural power, all around our world.” Thus he had said. | This occurred to Waxap !alaso* while he was lying on his back. | When night came, he tried to lie down in his bed; | he did not go to 20 sleep the whole night, however; but || his prince, Xaxosenfso* slept sweetly. When day came, | in the morning, Waxap !alasof arose and scolded his | prince. He said to him, ‘Don’t | think always of sleeping! Don’t you think of Head-Winter-Dancer, | the great shaman, the great war-dancer, who is famous all over the 25 world, || and who is looking for a great shaman to play with? I | mean you ought to rise and wash yourself in this good river | Ts!rlgwad. Thus he said. Xaxosenéso* took up the | tongs and struck his prince with them. || 30 Xaxosenfsd® arose at once and went out of | the house. He wanted to kill himself. He° went up the river | Ts!rlgwad; and when he came to the cascade of | Ts!nlgwad, he saw a hole in the rock on the bank of the | river. He wanted to examine it, and he 35 saw || that the, holes were the eyes of a Dzonoq!wa. They were 13 Wai, latlaé ‘nék-éda bagiinsé begwanem lax Waxap!alaso:: ‘“Wa- git la yaL!4iex qaoxda ‘walasé Logwala laxenu‘x" gokulotéx, yix 15 Ts!aqima‘tyé qaxs ‘nék-aé qa‘s lii‘staléseléxens ‘nalax qa‘s amlé LE'wox naniwalakwaxsox iwistiixsEns ‘nalax,” ‘néx*‘laé. Wi, hérm‘lawis gax gig'aégés Waxap!alaso° laxés t!égifléna‘ye. Wa, la‘laé ganolfida laé wax: ktlx‘‘ida laxés kilélasé. Wii, la‘laé héwixarm méx‘édex ‘wasgEmasasa ganoLé. Wai, la‘laé éx-p!aste- 20 «wesr'wes Liwtilgimafyasé Xaxoséniso®. Wa, lanm‘lawisé na‘naki- laxa gaalaxs laé Lax¢widé Waxap!alaso® qa‘s la lawits!alagwiixés Liwitlgima‘yé Xaxoseniso’. Wa, la‘laé ‘nék-Eq: “Gwaldzis xenvel léx'arm naqafyosxés méxéna‘yos. K°!ésas gig’aéqrlax Ts!iiqima- ‘yaxa ‘walasa pixilaaxa ‘walasa tox‘wida yixs ts!elwalaa li‘stalisr- 25 lalxens ‘nalax alix ‘walasa pixala qa‘s amlfwtta. Wii, hé‘mésEn menakilé qa’s Lax‘widads qa‘s lids gigiltala laxwa ék-!éx wax Ts!elgwadéx,”’ ‘néx“laé. Wii, &em‘lawisé Xaxosendso® léx‘Elil qa‘s atlede méxéda. Wi, hérm‘lawis lagilas Waxap!alaso® dax-idxa tsléstala qa‘s kwex‘idés laxés Lawtilgima‘ye. 30 6 Wii, héx*‘idamm‘lawisé rax*ilile “Xaxosendso‘ qa‘s lil lawels laxa g'Okwé qa‘s li alii qa‘s g'ayalasa. Wi, larm‘lae qaswistalax ‘was Ts!rlgwadé. Wa, giilfem‘lawisé lag‘aa laxa k-lamadzéniisa ‘wis Ts!nlgwadé, wi, la‘laé dox*watrlaxa x‘Op!a t!ésema lax Ogwiiga‘yasa wa. Wa, laé ‘néx: qa’s max'p!altowéq. Wa, hérm‘lawis doxtwa- 35 Lelatseqéxs gryagesaasa Dzonoq!wa. Wa, larm‘laé qoqtit!astosa BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1123 both full of | water. Then Xaxosen4sd* heard some one who said, | 36 “Q friend, Xaxoseniso*! go into these two eyes, for | then nothing will be too difficult for you.”’ Thus spoke what was heard by, him. Xaxosenisd* did not see | any one. Then Xaxosenisd* || broke off hemlock-branches, tied them together in four bunches, and went towards | the eyes. He sat down in the water in the right-hand eye, | and rubbed himself with one bunch of the hemlock on the right side of his body; | and when all the needles of the hemlock had come off, he put it down on the rock, and | took another bunch, dipped it into the water, and rubbed || the left side of his body. When all the needles were off, | he put it down on the rock and came out of the water. Then | he went into the water in the left eye, and he sat | down in it. Xaxosenfso* took another bunch of hem- lock, dipped it into | the water, and rubbed the right side of his body. || When all the needles had come off, he put it down on the ground; and he |! took another bunch of hemlock, dipped it into the water, and rubbed | himself on the left side of his body; and he only stopped when all the | needles had come off. Then he put the hemlock on the ground. After he | had put it on the ground, the man who was || invisible to Xa&xosen4so* spoke again, and said, “Ton’t, don’t, don’t | come out of the water in which you are washing! Dive, and stay below water a long time, ! four times! ‘wape. Wi, laflaé Xaxoseniso® witttelaxa yaq!rg‘a‘laxa ‘néké: “Wég-a, qist, Xaxosendsd*, la‘sta laxwa maltseEméx gégryagesa qa‘s kleasétés wiiteml,’”’ ‘néx‘laé wttelas. Wa, la‘lae k-leds dogiilts brgwanEma yix Xaxoseniso*. Wai, la‘laé héx-ida‘mé Xaxoseniso‘ Llex‘widxa q!waxé qa‘s yaéL!exLendéxa moxta. Wa, la‘laé gwi‘sta laxa gégryagrsé qa‘s lin] k!wa‘sta laxa hétk lotsta‘ye gkyagesa. Wa, la‘laé ginx‘witasa ‘nemxia q!waxa laxés hétk:!ot!ena‘yé. Wa, giltem‘lawisé ‘witlawé k-!amo‘masa q !waxé, laé g'ig'arlsaq qa‘s dax‘idéxa ‘nrmxbta qa‘s hipstendés laxa ‘wapé qa‘s g'inx®wi- tasa ‘neEmxLta laxés gemxot!mnafyé. Wa, gilfem‘lawisé ‘witlawé klamd‘mas laé gig‘arlsaq. Wi, lalaé latsta laxa ‘wapé qa‘s li la‘sta lax q!o‘statyax gemxdtsta*yé geyagets. Wa, laclaé k!wa- ‘sta lag. Wii, li‘laé dix“idxa ‘nemxta q!waxa qa‘s hipstendés la- xa ‘wapé. Wi, la‘laé g‘inx‘witas laxés hétk'!ot!ena‘yé. Wa, gilem‘lawisé ‘wilawé k'!amo‘maséxs laé g'ig'arlsaq. Wii, la‘laé dax‘‘idxa ‘nEmxLarm la qa‘s hapstendéq. W4, Ja‘laé g-inx*wi- tas laxés gemxot!mna‘yé. Wai, al‘mm‘lawise gwalpxs laé ‘witlawé kamomas. Wa, la‘laé gigarlsaxa q!waxé. Wa g-ilfem‘lawisé gig'aklsagéxs laé ét!éd yaq!egactéda begwainrmé, yix k-!ésé do- gilts Xaxoseniso®. Wi, la‘laé ‘néka: “Gwo, gwo, gwo, gtifnd lacsta laxds g‘igiltalaséx ‘wapax. Wég'a gagildéis!a dis‘idex mop!enEnsaLEs qa‘s laLadsaxa likwélii qa‘s = lefiseLos wiLEMLOs,” 40 45 50 40 oO or 50 55 1124 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [PTH ANN. 35 57 Then you will obtain w ae makes you strong, so that nothing will be too difficult for you.’ | Thus said the one who was invisible to Xaxoseniso®. Then XNaxosenfsd‘ | said, “I will do so;” and he 60 sat down and dived under water, and || held on to the bottom in the very cold water. He staid there a very long time, | and then came up. He just wanted to gehis breath. | Then he dived again, and he staid down even longer than he had staid | the first time when he dived. He came up again, and | sat down on the rock to get his 65 breath; and as soon as he had || recovered his breath, he dived again, and staid below water for really | a long time. Then he came up and sat down on the rock to | get his breath; and as soon as he had recovered his breath, | he arose to dive agair. Then spoke again the man | whom he had heard speaking before, and who was invisi- 70 ble to him. || He said, ‘‘O friend! now really do not | come up until your breath gives out. Keep open your eyes | while you are under water, then there will be nothing that you can not see.’ Thus said the one who was heard. | When the speech of the one who was heard by Xaxosendso® was ended, | he replied, and said, “I shall do so.” | 75 And he dived into the water in the eyes of the aaned twa. | Now he kept his eyes open, and held on to the bottom, while he staid under water; | and he only let go when his breath gave out. |! Then he floated up, and he did not know how long a time he had been | 58 ‘néx*‘laé k: !ésa dogtiits Xaxosendso®. Wi, larm‘lawisé nék’é Xaxose- naso®: “Héren gwalaré,” ‘néx“laéxs laé k!tinsa lixa ‘wapé qa‘s 60 gelbents!e laxa “ala wiida‘sta ‘wapa. Wa, hé‘lat!a la gryEnsElaxs gaxaé q!axtwida. Wa, dem‘lawisé ‘néx: qa q!FsmEnx‘widésés hiasa- ‘yaxs laé édensa. Wé, la‘iaé gagryinsElagawéseés ‘wa‘Swadzenselas laxés gilaé dis‘ida. Wa, g‘ax‘laé q!ax‘wida. Wi, giilanm‘lawise k!waa qa q!rsmEnx‘widésés hasafyé. Wi, gil'em‘lawis ‘nemx-- 65 dzEx‘widé hasafyaséxs lae ét!éd das‘ida. Wéa, lamm‘laé Alax-‘id gryrEnsEla. Wa, g’ax‘laé q!ax*wida. Wa, la‘laeé k!wag-aala qa q !esmEnx‘widésés hasa‘yé. Wa, g‘il‘em‘lawisé q!esmenx‘widé hasa- ‘ya laé Laxtila qaxs Imtmaé ét!édrt das‘idet, laia‘lasé édzaqwarl yaq!eg-até witelnaxwis yaq!ent!ala begwanema, yix k:!esé dogiilts. 70 Wi, la‘laé ‘néka: ‘““ya, qast, wig-il la dlax‘idLex lamm al*emt q !ax- ewidel qax6 lal labanos hasa‘yaqos. Wa, lates dex‘alat qaso lat gryrnselat qa‘s k'ledsenos k-!és dogittiot,”’ ‘néx-‘laé wtretas. Wa, gilem‘liwise q!tlbe waldemasa yaq!ent!ala wittelts Xaxosendso® ip na‘naxméq. Wiis, laflaé ‘néknq: ‘‘HéLren gwiilaté,”’ ‘néx‘laéxs 75 lae das‘ida laxa ‘wapé q!ostE‘wes gégE‘yagesasa Dzonoq!wa. Wi, larm‘laé dex‘ala. Wii, ax'sirm‘lawise gelbents!a laé geyensela. Wi, a‘més héem gelpak‘elaatséxs laé wixtax"‘idés hasa‘yée. Wi, g-ax‘em‘laé dem pex‘dsté. Wii, larm‘laé k-!és q!atelaxés ‘wa‘wats!a- asé yaq!wa. Wa, la‘laé ts!ek'!ex‘ida. Wa, larm‘lawisé Laxiila- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES JL lying there in a faint. Then he awoke and arose, || for he had been 80 dead, and came back to his senses. He had first dived twice | into the right eye of the Dzénoq!wa, and twice | into the left eye. Then again he heard speaking in the woods. (The voice) said, | “Come, friend Xaxosen4s6£! Jet us try our strength!” Thus said what he heard. || Then XAxosendsod*£ turned around to see who was 85 coming from the place where some one was talking, | and he saw a handsome man standing on the ground. | Xaxosen4so* went to him at once. When he reached ! him, the man asked Xaxosends6£ to try to | twist a spruce-tree, “so that I may see how strong you are.” Thus he said. || Immediately Xaxoseniso® climbed the tree, and, 90 beginning | at the top, he came down twisting the spruce-tree. He came to the ground. | It is said that Naxosendsd* never found it difficult, because he was exceedingly | strong. Then Xaxosendsd& was given advice | by the man to take good care when traveling about; || “and you shall always purify yourself in this river in the 95 morning and in the evening, | so that po harm may befall you.” Thus he said. | Then Xaxosenés6* questioned the man, and said, | “O friend! who are you who take pity on me and give me adyice?”’ Thus he said to him. | Then the man replied, and said, “‘O friend! || | am Work- 100 yixs laf‘méx'dé Im‘la. Wé§, la‘mé nagés‘ida, yixs hié gil ma‘tp!ena 80 das‘idé hétk:!dtstayé gryagrtsa Dzonoq!wa. _ Wii, la‘laé ma‘tp!nna das‘id laxa gemxotsta‘yas. Wi, la‘laé et!éd witrelaxa yaq!rg‘a‘la lax drafyasxa ‘nék'a: “Gé- lag'a qast Xaxosenisod‘, qens talokwap!é,”’ ‘néx~